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Wages and Related Benefits
MAJOR LABOR MARKETS
1953-1954
part
nr
Atlanta, Ga.
Boston, Mass.
C h i c a g o , III.
Los A n g e l e s , Calif.
M i l w a u k e e , Wis.
N e w Y o r k , N. Y.
Bulletin No. 1157-3
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT
http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
J a Bank of P. Mitchell, S e c re ta ry
Federal Reserve m e s St. Louis
OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner
W ages and Related B enefits
MAJOR LABOR MARKETS
1953-1954
B ulle tin No. 1157-3
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell,
Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C.
Price 70 cents
CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION
1
WAGES AND R E L A T E D B E N E F IT S, BY A R E A :
A tlanta, M a rch 1954 _________________
B oston , M a rch 1 95 4 ________________________________________________________
C h ica go, M a rch 1954 ______________________________________________________
L o s A n g eles, M a rch 1954 _________________________________________________
M ilw aukee, A p r il 1954 _____________________________________________________
New Y o rk C ity, F e b ru a ry 1954 ___________________________________________
A PPE N D IX :
JOB D E S C R IP T IO N S _______________________________________________
INDEX
TO
TABLES,
A tlanta
A:
3
21
43
65
87
105
BY
129
AREA
B o sto n
C h ica g o
L o s A n g e le s
M ilw aukee
New Y o rk C ity
O ccu p a tion a l ea rn in g s A- 1
A -2
A -3
A -4
O ffic e o cc u p a tio n s ______________________________________________
P r o fe s s io n a l and tech n ica l occu p a tion s ---------------------------------M a in ten a n ce and p ow erp la n t occu p a tion s -------------------------------C u stod ia l and m a te ria l m ovem ent occu p a tion s _______________
24
28
29
31
46
50
51
53
68
72
73
75
90
92
93
94
108
114
115
117
13
13
14
14
17
18
19
33
34
34
35
38
39
40
55
56
56
57
60
61
62
77
78
78
79
83
84
85
96
97
97
96
101
102
103
119
120
120
121
125
126
127
20
41
63
86
104
128
6
9
10
11
•
E sta b lish m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su pplem entary w age p r o v is io n s B -l
B -2
B -3
B -4
B -5
B- 6
B- 7
B -8
Shift d iffe r e n tia l p r o v i s io n s ____________________________________
S ch ed u led w eek ly h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------P a id h o lid a y s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------P a id v a ca tio n s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------H ealth, in s u ra n ce , and p en sion plans ________________________
O v e rtim e p a y p r o v i s io n s _______________________________________
R ate o f p a y fo r h olid ay w ork __________________________________
W age s tru c tu re c h a r a c te r is tic s and la b o r m a n agem en t a g r e e m e n t s ______________________________________
WAGES
AND
RELATED
BENEFITS
Int r o d u c t io n
D u rin g th e p a s t s e v e r a l y e a r s , the B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tis tics
h as co n d u cted a re a w id e s u rv e y s o f earn in gs in m a jo r o ccu p a tio n s
that a re c o m m o n to v a r io u s m anufacturing and n on m anufacturing
i n d u s t r ie s .* In fo rm a tio n is a ls o c o m p ile d on w eek ly w o rk sch e d u le s
1
and su p p lem en ta ry w a ge p r a c t i c e s . Seventeen m a jo r la b o r m a rk e ts
w e r e s e le c te d f o r study during late 1953 and e a r ly 1954.
I n fo r
m a tio n on s ix o f th e s e a r e a s is p re s e n te d in this b u lletin (P a rt III).
The a r e a s in clu d ed in ea ch part a re lis te d b elow :
P a rt I 2
P a rt II 2
P a rt JII
D a lla s
D e tr o it
M in n e a p o lis -S t. P au l
N ew O rle a n s
P h ila d elp h ia
P o rtla n d , O r e g .
D en ver
M em ph is
N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity
St. L ou is
San F r a n c is c o Oakland
A tlanta
B oston
C h ica g o
L o s A n g e le s
M ilw aukee
N ew Y o rk C ity
In ea ch a r e a , data a re obtained by p e rs o n a l v is its o f B u reau
f ie ld a gen ts to r e p r e s e n ta tiv e e sta b lish m en ts within s ix b ro a d in d u s
tr y d iv is io n s :
M a n u fa ctu rin g; tra n sp orta tion (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ),
co m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le sa le tr a d e ; re ta il
tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and re a l estate; and s e r v ic e s .
M a jo r
in d u s try g rou p s e x clu d e d fr o m th ese studies a re g ov ern m en t in s t i
tu tion s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tra ctiv e in d u s trie s.
E s ta b lis h
m en ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d num ber o f w o r k e r s w e r e a ls o
o m itte d sin ce th ey fu rn is h in s u fficie n t em p loym en t in the o ccu p a tio n s
stu died to w a rra n t i n c lu s io n .3 W h erever p o s s ib le , sep a ra te ta bu
la tio n s a re p r o v id e d fo r the individual b roa d in d u stry d iv is io n s .
T h e s e s u rv e y s a r e con d u cted on a sam ple b a s is b e ca u s e
o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v olv ed in su rveyin g a ll e sta b lish m e n ts,
and to e n su re p r o m p t p u b lica tio n o f r e s u lts . T o obtain a p p ro p ria te
a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g re a te r p ro p o rtio n o f la r g e than of
* T h is r e p o r t w as p r e p a r e d by m e m b e rs o f the staff o f the
D iv is io n o f W ages and In d u stria l R e la tio n s.
1 A lis tin g o f the r e p o r ts is s u e d fo r la b o r m a rk e ts su rv e y e d
e a r lie r is a v a ila b le in ’ ’D ir e c t o r y o f C om m u n ity Wage S u rv e y s '1;
c o p ie s a r e a v a ila b le upon req u est fr o m the B u reau o f L a b o r Sta
t i s t ic s , W ashington 25, D. C . , o r any of its fiv e re g io n a l o f fic e s .
2 P a r ts I and II, is s u e d in A p r il and June 1954, a re a va ila b le
fr o m the Su p erin ten d en t o f D ocu m en ts, G overn m en t P rin tin g O ffic e ,
W ashington 25, D . C .
P r ic e 60 cen ts ea ch .
3 See ta b le fo llo w in g text fo r ea ch a re a fo r m in im u m -s iz e
e s ta b lis h m e n t c o v e r e d in th e s e stu dies.
MAJOR
LABOR
MARKETS
*
sm a ll esta b lish m e n ts is stu died. In com b in in g the data, h ow ever,
a ll e sta b lish m e n ts a re given th e ir a p p ro p ria te w eight. A ll estim ates
a re p re s e n te d th e r e fo r e as re la tin g to a ll estab lish m en ts in the
in d u stry grou pin g and a re a , exclu d in g on ly th o se below the m inim um
s iz e stu died.
O ccu p ation al E a rn in gs
O ccu p ation al c la s s ific a t io n is b a s e d on a u n iform set o f
jo b d e s c r ip t io n s d esign ed to take a cco u n t o f in teresta b lish m en t
v a ria tio n in duties w ithin the sam e jo b (se e A ppendix fo r listin g o f
th e se d e s c r ip t io n s ). E arn in gs data a re p re s e n te d fo r the follow in g
ty p e s o f o cc u p a tio n s ; (a) O ffice c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and t e c h
n ic a l; (c) m ain ten ance and p ow erp la n t; and (d) cu stod ia l and m a te ria l
m o v e m e n t.
Data a re shown fo r fu ll-tim e w o r k e r s , i. e . , th ose h ire d
to w ork a fu ll-tim e sch ed u le f o r the given occu p a tion a l c la s s ific a tio n .
E arn in gs data e x clu d e p re m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and nightw ork.
N on p rod u ction b on u ses a re a ls o e x clu d e d , but c o s t - o f -liv in g b onu ses
and in ce n tiv e ea rn in g s a re in clu d e d .
W here w eek ly h ou rs a re
re p o r te d , as fo r o ffic e c l e r i c a l o cc u p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the
w o rk sch ed u le (rounded to the n e a r e s t h a lf-h o u r ) fo r w hich stra ig h ttim e s a la r ie s a re paid; a v e ra g e w eek ly ea rn in gs fo r th ese o cc u p a
tion s have b een rou n ded to the n e a r e s t 50 ce n ts.
O ccu p a tion a l em p loy m en t e s tim a te s r e fe r to the total in a ll
esta b lish m e n ts within the sco p e o f the study and not to the num ber
a ctu a lly su rv e y e d .
B e ca u se o f the g re a t v a ria tio n in occu p a tion a l
stru ctu re am on g e sta b lis h m e n ts, e s tim a te s o f occu p a tion a l e m p lo y
m en t a re su b je ct to co n s id e r a b le flu ctu a tion due to sam plin g. H ence,
they s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the re la tiv e n u m e rica l im p o rta n ce o f
the jo b stu died. The flu ctu a tion s in e m p loy m en t do not m a te ria lly
a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the ea rn in g s data.
E sta b lish m en t P r a c t ic e s •and S u pplem en tary W age P r o v is io n s
In form a tion is a ls o p re s e n te d on w o rk sch ed u les, w age
stru ctu re c h a r a c t e r is t ic s , la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g reem en t co v e ra g e ,
and s e le c te d su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits as they rela te to o ffic e and
plant w o r k e r s . The te r m , ’’o f fic e w o r k e r s " , as u sed in this bulletin
in clu d e s a ll o ffic e c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s and e x clu d e s a d m in istra tiv e,
e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ica l p e r s o n n e l. "P la n t w o r k e r s "
in clu d e w ork in g fo r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (including
le a d m e n and tr a m e e s ) en gaged in n o n o ffic e fu n ction s. A d m in is tr a
tiv e , e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ica l e m p lo y e e s, and fo r c e
a cco u n t c o n s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s who a r e u tiliz e d as a separate w ork
f o r c e a re e x clu d e d . C a fe te ria w o r k e r s and rou tem en a re exclu d ed
in m an u factu rin g in d u strie s but a re in clu d e d as plant w o r k e r s in
nonm an u factu rin g in d u s trie s .
With r e fe r e n c e to w age stru ctu re c h a r a c t e r is t ic s (table B -8 ),
a ll tim e -r a te d w o r k e r s (plant o r o ffic e ) in an e sta b lish m e n t a re
c la s s ifie d a cco r d in g to the p red om in a n t p lan applyin g to th ese
w orkers.
W h ereas the p ro p o rtio n s o f tim e and in ce n tiv e w o r k e r s
d ir e c tly r e fle c t em p loy m en t Tinder ea ch pay sy s te m , te c h n ica l c o n
sid era tion s r e q u ir e d that the breakdow n o f in c e n tiv e -w o r k e r e m p lo y
m ent a cco r d in g to type o f in cen tiv e plan be b a sed on the p red om in a n t
plan in each e sta b lish m en t.
S h ift-d iffe r e n tia l data a re lim ite d to m an u factu rin g in d u s
t r ie s .
T his in fo rm a tio n is p re s e n te d both in te r m s o f (a) e s ta b
lish m en t p o l i c y 4 and (b) e ffe c tiv e p r o v is io n s f o r w o r k e r s a ctu a lly
em p loy ed on extra sh ifts at the tim e o f the su rv e y .
T a bu lation s
relatin g to e sta b lish m en t p o lic y a re p re s e n te d in te r m s o f total
plant w o rk er em p loy m en t; estim a te s in the s e con d tabu lation re la te
only to th ose w o r k e r s a ctu a lly em p loy ed on the s p e c ifie d sh ift.
Supplem en tary b e n e fits, oth er than shift d iffe r e n tia ls , a r e
treated sta tis tic a lly on the b a s is that th ese a re p r o v id e d to a ll
w o r k e r s em p loy ed in o f fic e s o r plant d ep a rtm en ts that o b s e r v e the
p r a c tic e in q u e s tio n .5 B e ca u se o f vary in g e lig ib ility r e q u ir e
m en ts, the p r o p o r tio n a ctu a lly r e c e iv in g the s p e c ific b e n e fits m ay
be s m a lle r .
Sums o f individu al item s in S e r ie s B ta b le s do not
n e c e s s a r ily equal to ta ls b e ca u s e o f rou n din g.
The su m m a ry of v a ca tion plans is lim ite d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e
m en ts, exclu din g in fo rm a l p la n s w h ereb y tim e o ff with pay is gran ted
at the d is c r e tio n o f the e m p lo y e r o r the s u p e r v is o r .
S ep arate
estim a te s a re p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in com pu tin g
va ca tion p aym en ts, such as tim e p aym en ts, p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n
in gs, o r fla t-s u m a m ou nts.
4 An esta b lish m en t w as co n s id e r e d as having a p o lic y if it
m et eith er o f the follow in g con d ition s:
( l ) O p era ted late sh ifts at
the tim e o f the su rv ey , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s co v e rin g la te
sh ifts.
5 Schedu led w eek ly h ou rs fo r o ffic e w o r k e r s (fir s t s e ctio n o f
table B -2 ) a re p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f the p r o p o r tio n o f w om en o ffic e
w o r k e r s em p loy ed in o f fic e s with the in d ica ted w e ek ly h o u rs f o r
w om en w o r k e r s .
Data a re p re s e n te d fo r a ll h ealth , in s u ra n ce , and p e n s io n
p lan s fo r w hich at le a s t a p art o f the c o s t is b o rn e by the e m p lo y e r ,
excep tin g on ly le g a l re q u ire m e n ts su ch a s w o r k m e n 1s co m p e n s a tio n
and s o c ia l s e cu rity .
Such plans in clu d e th o s e u n d e rw ritte n by a
c o m m e r c ia l in su ra n ce com pan y and a ls o th o s e p r o v id e d th rou gh a
union fund o r paid d ir e c tly by the e m p lo y e r out o f c u r re n t o p e ra tin g
funds o r fr o m a fund set a sid e fo r th is p u r p o s e .
Death b en efits a re in clu d e d as a f o r m o f lif e in s u r a n c e .
S ick n e ss and a ccid e n t in su ra n ce is lim ite d to that type o f in s u ra n ce
under w hich p re d e te rm in e d ca sh p a y m en ts a re m ade d ir e c t ly to the
in s u re d on a w eekly o r m onthly b a s is d u rin g illn e s s o r a c c id e n t
d is a b ility .
In form a tion is p re s e n te d f o r a ll su ch p la n s to w h ich
the e m p lo y e r co n trib u te s, e x ce p t in th o s e States h aving c o m p u ls o r y
te m p o r a r y d is a b ility in su ra n ce la w s ; p la n s in th e s e States a r e
in clu d ed on ly if the e m p lo y e r ( l ) co n tr ib u te s m o r e than is le g a lly
re q u ir e d o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d
the re q u ire m e n ts o f the law .
T abulations o f p aid sick le a v e p la n s a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l
p la n s w h ich p ro v id e fu ll pay o r a p r o p o r tio n o f the w o r k e r 1s p ay
during a b s e n ce fr o m w ork due to i lln e s s ; in fo r m a l a rra n g e m e n ts
have been om itted . S eparate tabu lation s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to
( l) plans w h ich p ro v id e fu ll pay and no w aitin g p e r io d , and \Z) p la n s
p ro v id in g eith er p a rtia l pay o r a w aitin g p e r io d .
C atastrop h e in su ra n ce , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to as
m e d ic a l in su ra n ce , in clu d e s th ose p la n s w h ich a r e d e sig n e d
e m p lo y e e s in ca s e o f s ick n e s s and in ju ry in v o lv in g an
w hich g o e s beyond the n o rm a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p ita liz a tio n ,
and s u r g ic a l p la n s.
exten d ed
to c o v e r
e x p e n se
m e d ic a l,
M e d ica l in su ra n ce r e f e r s to p la n s p ro v id in g fo r c o m p le te
o r p a r tia l paym ent o f d o c t o r s 1 f e e s .
Such p la n s m a y be u n d e r
w ritten by a c o m m e r c ia l in su ra n ce com p a n y o r a n o n p r o fit o r g a n i
zation o r they m ay be s e lf-in s u r e d .
Tabu lation s o f re tir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim ite d to
th ose p lan s that p ro v id e m onthly p a y m e n ts fo r the r e m a in d e r o f
the w o r k e r 1s life .
ATLANTA,
The Atlanta metropolitan area is an expanding center of
manufacturing industries, chief of which are aircraft, motor vehi
c le s, and other metalworking; food and kindred products; textiles;
and apparel.
It is also a center of trade and finance with sub
stantial numbers of workers employed in wholesale and retail trade
establishm ents, banks, and other financial institutions. This y ea r's
annual study is based upon data from 188 establishments employing
m ore than 9 1, 0 0 0 workers— selected to represent 656 establish
ments employing about 143, 000 workers in 6 major industry group
ings.
(See table follow ing.)
Wage Structure
M ost plant (nonoffice) workers in the Atlanta area were
paid on the basis of time rates, as distinguished from incentive
methods of pay. For every 4 workers on time methods, 1 worked
on an incentive b a sis.
T im e-rated workers comprised more than
three-fourths of the workers in manufacturing and retail trade, and
m ore than nine-tenths in public utilities and wholesale trade.
M ost tim e-ra ted plant workers were employed in firm s that
had a form ally determined rate or range of rates for each job c la s
sification. A sixth were employed in firm s which determined rates
on the basis of the individuals personal qualifications.
Workers
under ra n ge-of-ra te system s outnumbered those under single-rate
system s in the ratio of 3 to 2.
Formal rate structures covered
three-fourths of the office workers, and in nearly all cases pro
vided a range of rates for each job category.
Relatively few firm s had rate structures which included
provisions for classifying jobs into a series of labor grades.
Of
188 firm s studied, labor-grade systems covered office jobs in 15
firm s, and plant jobs in 8.
Among the establishments reporting
labor-grade system s were 3 in manufacturing, 2 in the public util
ities industry group, 6 in trade, and 5 in the finance and insurance
industrie s .
Occupational Pay Levels
Weekly salaries of women secretaries, general stenog
raphers, and routine copy typists averaged $ 6 4 , $55, and $43,
respectively, in M arch 1954, as compared with average salaries
of $ 6 2 . 5 0 , $ 53 , and $ 4 0 . 5 0 reported for these workers in the
Bureau1s survey of M arch 1953. Most of the other office occupa
tions studied showed earnings increases of from $1 to $ 2 . 5 0 a
week during this period.
Straight-tim e average hourly earnings for the skilled m ain
tenance jobs ranged from $1. 65 for automotive mechanics, numer
ically the m ost important job studied, to $ 2 . 2 9 for sheet-m etal
MARCH
1954
w orkers.
Carpenters, mechanics (other than automotive), and
painters averaged about $ 1 . 9 0 , machinists $ 2 . 0 5 , and electricians
and pipefitters from $ 2 . 1 6 to $ 2 . 1 8 an hour.
Hourly pay levels
in March 1954 were from 7 to 12 cents higher than a year earlier
for the jobs named other than auto mechanics (up 5 cents) and sheetmetal workers (up 16 cents). Maintenance trades helpers averaged
$ 1 . 4 6 , up 11 cents an hour from March 1953.
Average hourly earnings for numerically important custodial
and m aterial-m ovem ent jobs studied were: 73 cents for janitresses,
$ 1 . 0 4 for janitors, $ 1 . 1 3 for mate rial-handling laborers, $ 1 . 2 3
for drivers of m edium -size trucks and for men shipping packers,
and $ 1 . 3 3 for forklift operators.
Pay levels for most of these
and other categories in these work fields were from 3 to 7 cents
an hour higher than in March 1953.
Among the office jobs studied, average weekly earnings
were higher in manufacturing than in nonmanufacturing industries
for sim ilar jobs.
However, approximately as many of the plant
job averages were higher in nonmanufacturing as were higher in
manufacturing.
The greatest earnings differences in favor of the
manufacturing industries occurred in the stationary engineer, painter,
and janitor and janitress jobs.
In nonmanufacturing, maintenance
electricians, maintenance mechanics, and drivers of m edium -size
trucks had the greatest earnings differential over similar jobs in
manufacturing. Average earnings levels varied among the individual
nonmanufacturing industry divisions.
The public utilities group
generally had the highest job averages among the nonmanufacturing
industries and, for several office and plant jobs, had higher pay
levels than in manufacturing.
C o st-of-L ivin g and Annual Improvement Adjustments
Periodic wage adjustments related to the movement of con
sumer prices were provided for in 4 of the 188 establishments
visited by the Bureau's field agents.
These provisions were ap
plicable to the wages of plant workers in all 4 firm s, and to office
workers in 3.
Of the 4 firm s, 2 in manufacturing (motor-vehicle)
also had provisions for annual improvement (productivity) adjust
ments applicable to both the plant and office workers.
Labor-Management Agreements
Slightly fewer than half the plant workers in the surveyed
industry and establishm ent-size cla sses were employed in firm s
having labor-management agreements covering a majority of their
plant w orkers. Highest proportions of plant-worker coverage were
found in public utilities and manufacturing.
A fifth of the office
workers were employed in firm s having agreements covering a m a
jority of the office workers. Slightly fewer than a half of the office
workers in public utilities and manufacturing we-re so covered.
4
Work Schedules
Shift Operations
About seven-tenths of the office and plant workers in Atlanta
were scheduled to work a 40-hour week in March 1954.
M ost of
the remaining office workers were scheduled to work less than 40
hours; in public utilities and finance, seven-tenths and a third,
respectively, worked less than 40 hours.
M ost of the remaining
plant workers worked more than 40 hours; in public utilities and
retail trade a fifth of the plant workers were on schedules of 48
hours and a sm aller proportion were on longer schedules.
A fifth of the plant labor force in Atlanta manufacturing
industries were employed on extra shifts in March 1954.
Threefourths of the workers on the second shift and half of those on the
third shift were paid a premium over day-shift rates. Second-shift
workers, outnumbering third-shift workers by 4 to 1, m ost com
monly received a differential of 8 cents an hour.
Overtime Pay
Nearly all office workers and seven-eighths of the plant
workers were employed in firm s which provided premium pay to
these workers for work performed in excess of regular weekly work
schedules.
Such premiums were almost always in the amount of
time and a half for work beyond 40 hours in the workweek. E m
ployers of half the plant workers and of a third of the office workers
provided premium rates after a specified number of hours worked
per day.
Typically, time and a half was provided for work in
'excess of 8 hours a day.
Paid Holidays
Nearly all office workers and fully four-fifths of the plant
workers were in establishments which granted paid holidays, usually
5 or 6 annually. Six paid holidays were received by a majority of
the office workers in manufacturing, public utilities, and wholesale
trade.
A fourth of the office workers in finance establishments
received from 8 to 10 holidays, but a half received 5 days as did
the great majority of office workers in retail trade. In only manu
facturing and public utilities did a m ajority of plant workers r e
ceive six or more paid holidays. About tw o-thirds of the plant and
office workers were employed in firm s having provisions for p re
mium pay for work performed on paid holidays. Double tim e, in
cluding holiday pay, was the m ost common provision applying to
both groups.
E s ta b lis h m e n ts and W o r k e r s W ithin S co p e o f S u r v e y and N u m b e r Studied in A tla n ta , G a . ,
by M a jo r In d u stry D iv is io n , M a r c h 1954
N u m ber o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts
In d u s try d iv is io n
M in im u m s iz e
e s ta b lis h m e n t
in s c o p e o f
study 2
W ithin
scope of
study
Studied
W ork ers
W ithin
scope of
study
S tu d ied
T otal
O ff ic e
A ll d i v i s i o n s _______________________________________________________________
51
656
188
1 4 2 ,9 0 0
9 1 , 540
1 9 ,7 5 0
M a n u fa c tu r in g _________________ I______ *_____________________________
___
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________________________________________
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ______ ____ ________________________________
W h o le s a le tr a d e _____________________________________ _________________
R e ta il tr a d e ___________ ________ _____ __________________________________
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e _______________________________
S e r v i c e s 3 * _____________________________ ______ _____ __________ ________
51
51
221
435
55
133
6 7 ,8 0 0
7 5 ,1 0 0
4 5 ,0 7 0
4 6 ,4 7 0
5 ,9 3 0
1 3 ,8 2 0
51
51
51
51
51
58
118
113
71
75
19
34
34
26
20
1 8 ,9 0 0
1 3 ,1 0 0
24, 600
1 0 ,0 0 0
8 ,5 0 0
1 4 ,8 3 0
5 ,7 4 0
1 6 ,1 8 0
5 ,9 6 0
3, 760
3 ,6 3 0
2, 190
2 ,9 4 0
4 , 380
680
1 T h e A tlan ta M e tro p o lita n A r e a (C o b b , D e K a lb , and F u lto n C o u n t ie s ).
2 T o t a l e s ta b lis h m e n t e m p lo y m e n t.
F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , a ll o u tle ts (w ithin the a r e a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s t r ie s a s t r a d e , fin a n c e , au to r e p a i r s e r v i c e , and
m o t io n -p ic t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s id e r e d a s one e s ta b lis h m e n t .
3 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b ile r e p a ir s h o p s ; r a d io b r o a d c a s t in g and t e le v is io n ; m o tio n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ; and e n g i
n e e r in g and a r c h it e c t u r a l s e r v ic e s .
* T h is in d u s tr y d iv is io n i s a p p r o p r ia t e ly r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A and B t a b le s a lth ou g h c o v e r a g e w as in s u f
fic ie n t to ju s t if y s e p a r a te p r e s e n t a t io n o f data.
Paid Vacations
Virtually all office workers and more than nine-tenths of
the plant workers were in establishments having formal provisions
for paid vacations.
For identical length of service, vacation pay
provisions for office workers were generally more liberal than for
plant w orkers. After a y ea r! s service, for example, office workers
usually received 2 weeks1 vacation pay, as against a week (or its
equivalent in percentage payments) for the majority of plant workers.
Sim ilarly, alm ost all office workers were receiving 2 weeks1 vaca
tion pay after 5 y ea rs1 service, compared with three-fourths of the
plant w orkers. Provisions for 3 weeks1 vacation pay after 15 y ea rs1
service were applicable to almost half the office workers but to
only a fourth of the plant workers. The Bureau1s tabulation of the
pay provisions for 25 y e a rs1 service showed that nearly three-
fifths of the office workers and a third of the plant workers were
in establishments providing three or more weeks1 vacation pay.
Health,
Insurance,
and Pension Plans
A lm ost all of the office workers and over nine-tenths of
the plant workers were covered by one or more forms of health,
insurance, or pension plans financed wholly or in part by the em
ployer.
Pension plans covered five-sixth s of the office and half
of the plant workers.
Generally higher proportions of office than
of plant workers were included under various health and insurance
plans studied, except for accidental death and dismemberment in
surance, and sickness and accident insurance.
Life, hospitaliza
tion, and surgical insurance were available to seven-tenths or more
of both the office and plant workers.
A : Occupational Earnings
Table A-1: Office Occupations
( A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a tio n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a
b a s is in A tla n ta , G a . , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
Average
Number
of
S e x , o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
$
$
$
$
Weekly
Weekly
U n der 3 2 .5 0 3 5 .0 0 37i 50 4 0 .0 0
(Standard) (Standard)
?2u. 50
3 5 .0 0 3 7.50. 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0
$
$
$
$
$
*
t
$
s
s
s
s
$
$
$
s
$
4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0
.
and
4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 0 0 .0 0 0 5 .0 0 nvf»r
M en
B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s B ---------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g -----------------------------------F in a n ce * * ------- ------------------------------------
50
44
31
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
$
4 9 .0 0
4 8 . 50
4 6 . 50
-
1
1
1
4
4
4
C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s A ----------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g -----------------------------------P u b lic u t ilitie s * ---------- ------------------ —
W h o le s a le t r a d e --------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e ------------------------------------------
450
109
341
74
209
33
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
4 1 .0
7 7 .0 0
7 7 .0 0
7 7 .5 0
7 9 .5 0
7 7 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
_
.
.
-
.
-
_
-
-
-
_
.
.
-
C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s B —-------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g --------------------------------- ---—
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ----- ------------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e ------------------------- —------
316
d3
233
162
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
5 9 .5 0
6 1 .0 0
58. 50
6 0 .0 0
_
-
2
-
2
2
2
2
2
-
-
C le r k s , f il e , c la s s B ----------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -----------------------------------
45
34
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 4 .0 0
4 1 .0 0
_
-
-
C le r k s , o r d e r -----------------------------------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g --------- — ----------------------------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g -----------------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e --------- -------------------------
210
*9
151
150
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
6 7 .0 0
7 7 .0 0
6 3 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
_
-
_
-
-
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
7
1
1
13
13
1
1
3
2
7
7
17
4
13
3
4
43
3
40
3
3
; 17
42
3
39
13
14
4
30
9
21
12
.
1
11
3
8
7
-
2
2
4
4
-
5
5
2
2
2
2
7
7
6
_
-
11
3
8
3
15
15
1
1
"
17
17
8
6
6
62
4 0 .0
43
4 0 .0
7 1 .5 0
69. 60
D u p lic a tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s
(m im e o g r a p h o r d i t t o ) ----------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g --------------------------------------
40
39
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 5 .5 0
4 5 .5 0 r
O ffic e b o y s ---------------------------------------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g --------------------------------- -------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ------------- —--------— -----W h o le s a le t r a d e --------------------------------R e t a il t r a d e ----------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * -------------------------------------------
213
41
172
55
27
46
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
4 0 .5 0
3 9 .5 0
4 1 .0 0
4 3 . 50
4 1 . 50
3 6 .5 0
124
98
30
29
31
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
6 4 .0 0
6 1 .0 0
6 1 .5 0
$6. 50
5 7 .5 0
B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h in e ) — — M a n u fa c t u r in g -----------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ----------------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e --------------------------------
166
60
106
72
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
5 2 .5 0
54. £0
5 1 .5 0
5 2 .5 0
B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g
m a c h in e ) ■ ■ ■
■ ■ ................. T-Tm- . ■ - ■ .
■
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ----------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e ---------------------------------------
91
85
39
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 7 .5 0
4 7 .0 0
4 5 .5 0
C le r k s , p a y r o ll — —---------- --------- — ------------M a n u fa c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------
T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s -------------- —
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g —----------------------------- -P u b lic u tilit ie s * --------------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e -------------------------------F in a n ce * * ------------------------------------------
~
-
18
9
9
3
.
6
6
4
4
4
2
2
2
.
-
_
-
2
1
1
3
2
2
3
3
-
-
10
7
-
1
1
1
.
-
-
1
1
.
1
2
2
2
-
4
4
-
-
“
1
1
1
13
2
11
1
9
-
27
8
19
2
10
6
17
17
10
44
13
31
11
20
19
34
3
31
30
21
5
16
1
15
1
1
.
-
-
-
-
11
11
6
4
4
2
7
6
2
2
8
8
16
l6
6
6
1
1
_
„
-
-
_
_
-
3
3
3
4
10
5
-
2
2
4
4
8
8
3
3
7
1
6
6
2
.
-
2
_
1
' 1"
-
-
_
.
-
-
-
-
-
34
9
25
5
16
4
64
18
46
8
28
1
100
35
65
30
28
7
43
7
36
1
25
1
18
8
10
1
6
1
43
5
*3 8
11
27
-
16
4
12
6
22
7
3
4
3
10
.
10
9
1
1
1
2
11
11
8
_
„
_
_
.
-
-
5
5
5
16
.
16
14
2
40
6
34
3
25
6
44
-------- T
42
25
17
10
19
7
12
11
-
37
10
21
3
.
-
.
.
.
.
_
i
2
17
14
14
33
6
27
21
12
1
.
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
8
12
12
21
21
21
27
4
23
23
17
1
16
16
8
.
8
8
26
2
24
24
12
13
13
-
9
8
1
1
11
6
5
5
3
.
3
3
14
* 12
2
2
2
4
_
1
3
9
-
4
2
4
3
4
r
13
12
_
“ --------ST —
7
6
-
-
3
3
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
t
-
2
-
13
13
11
1
4
3
1
1
-
8
8
3
1
-
4
1
3
3
-
.
-
_
.
.
_
.
.
_
.
.
-
-
5
5
5
3
-
8
7
6
1
5
5
3
1
2
2
2
4
4
-
-
2
2
-
10
4
6
4
12
12
11
24
5
19
18
18
18
17
11
11
8
7
5
2
5
- --------5”
"31
-
-
4
2
3
-
.
2
,
-
1
1
-
----------r -------- 1 - --------- T
1
1
-
1
1
-
_
-
6
6
1
8
.
12
11
_
7
1
8
8
4
3
1
20
14
6
6
12
6
6
1
2
2
2
2
-
-
3
3
-
1
1
-
-
-
6
6
2
2
2
3
1
4
6
2
2
"
2
.
-
-
_
_
-
-
10
7
9
8
2
2
2
2
5
1
21
5
1
4
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
•
*
-
”
-
*
W om en
*
9
.
-
.
-
.
1
1
1
-
“
9
7
7
2
See footnotes at end of table.
* T ransportation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
** F inance, insurance, and rea l estate.
.
17
9
- --------T ~
3
.
-
_
9
8
5
-
4
6
6
2
2
18
2
2
10
5
16
14
16
8
8
8
10
6
8
8
1
i
2
'
2
12
'
i
2
'
Occupational Wage Survey, A tlanta, Ga. , M a rch 1954
U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR
Bureau o f L abor S tatistics
T a b le A - l: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t-t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a
b a s is in A tla n ta , G a , , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
Averaqb
Number
S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
of
Weekly
hours
(Standard)
workers
Weekly
earnings
(Standard)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
$
I
s
U nder 3 2 .5 0 3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0
and
$
3 2 .5 0
3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0
9
i
$
60. 00 62. 50 *65. 00 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 *75.00 8 0 .0 0 *85. 00 *90.00 *95.00
and
6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 80. 00 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 o v e r
W om en - C on tin u ed
68
56
28
513
98
415
110
58
226
*-
o
B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s B --------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------- —------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g -----------------------------— —
W h o le s a le t r a d e ----------------------------------R e t a il t r a d e ------------------------------- —--------F in a n c e * * --------------------------------------------
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
o
B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s A ----------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g --------—-------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e -----------------------------------
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .5
4 0 .0
C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c l a s s A ----------------------408
M a n u fa c tu r in g — -----------------------------------------------s- --------53“
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------324
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * -----------------------------------------82
W h o le s a le t r a d e -----------------------------------------79
R e t a il t r a d e -----------------------------------------67
F in a n c e * * --------------------------------------------92
3 9 .5
$
58. 00
5 7 .5 0
54. 50
4 9 .0 0
5 6 .0 0
4 7 .5 0
5 2 .5 0
4 6 . 50
4 5 .0 0
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
64. 00
“ KTW
6 4 .0 0
7 3 .5 0
6 8 .0 0
5 7 .0 0
5 7 .0 0
3 9 .5
■ ““ 4 0 1
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .5
3 9 .5
5 0 .0 0
52. 00
5 0 .0 0
5 4 .0 0
4 3 .5 0
4 4 . 50
—
v n r
C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c l a s s B ----------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g — --------------------— -----------------W h o le s a le t r a d e -----------------------------------------R e t a il t r a d e -------------------------—-------- — ---------F in a n c e * * —------------------------------------------
1 ,3 5 7
C l e r k s , f i l e , c la s s A ----------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g -------------------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e ----------------------------------F in a n c e * » ---------------------------------------------
199
151
40
66
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
5 3 .5 0
4 9 .5 0
5 2 .0 0
4 8 . 50
C l e r k s , f i l e , c la s s B ------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ------------------------ —--------P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ---------------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e — —--------------------- -----R e t a il t r a d e -----------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * ---------------------------------------------
633
50
583
52
120
70
301
3 9 .5
39. 5
3 9 .5
3 8 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
C l e r k s , o r d e r ---------------------------------- —-----------M a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ------------------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e ----------------------------------R e t a il t r a d e ------------------------------------------
24050
190
125
62
C l e r k s , p a y r o l l — —------------------------------- — —
M a n u f a c t u r in g --------------------------—--------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g --------------------- ------- ------P u b lic u t ilit ie s * --------- ----- ------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e ----------------------------------R e t a il t r a d e -----------------------------------------------------
471
212
259
97
70
58
m
1 ,1 6 3
260
170
178
.
.
.
.
.
-
_
—
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
14
27
-
-
-
2
.
.
2
14
.
2
12
27
42
1
41
2
15
24
2
_
-
.
_
_
.
.
.
-
.
.
.
.
.
.
-
-
-
-
13
24
10
14
29
8
1
21
9
12
8
-
14
8
6
2
-
3
3
-
5
1
4
3
-
11
9
2
1
-
29
4
25
21
4
17
6
36
10
26
6
14
6
-
33
8
25
4
11
6
4
26
5
21
5
12
1
1
27
20
7
2
1
29
59
4
3
48
42
12
30
16
2
9
11
17
24
-
-
.
-
27
8
19
15
9
6
3
3
_
.
6
-
3
6
11
6
2
7
15
5
14
-
5
2
18
34
17
17
3
4
3
7
40
1
4
26
157
23
134
14
34
25
199
19
180
18
19
30
173
20
153
25
35
19
99
16
83
27
3
12
97
29
68
19
9
9
113
15
98
44
9
13
83
3
80
26
9
9
76
5
71
35
9
3
87
7
80
12
-
33
5
28
19
5
17
15
5
4
16
13
.
7
26
39
39
9
24
24
23
11
17
16
8
8
5
5
5
-
4
3
2
1
4
3
2
-
3
3
3
-
1
1
1
-
1
1
.
38
-
-
12
1
11
4
5
2
9
1
8
3
2
3
1
1
.
1
.
3
3
.
.
.
16
13
3
.
3
.
4
.
4
4
.
.
_
.
.
.
_
.
.
_
_
.
-
-
-
.
.
.
.
6
.
.
11
2
17
24
.
•
-
_
t
-
5
4
.
-
-
-
4 1 .0 0
4 9 .0 0
4 0 .0 0
4 5 . 50
4 5 .0 0
3 9 .5 0
3 7 .5 0
10
10
.
.
6
4
74
1
73
.
.
5
67
113
2
111
1
3
13
85
108
2
106
8
3
6
79
128
7
121
14
40
20
30
68
9
59
11
23
5
18
65
8
57
4
30
10
12
19
3
16
3
7
5
-
-
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 8 . 50
5 1 .5 0
4 7 .5 0
49 . 00
4 2 .5 0
4
4
3
1
24
2
22
9
13
25
4
21
9
12
25
1
24
9
15
22
3
19
9
10
26
5
21
19
2
25
3
22
15
7
23
10
13
13
-
14
5
9
9
-
3
.
3
3
-
14
14
.
.
17
3
14
12
2
-
-
_
.
-
-
11
.
11
11
-
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
3 7 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
5 5 .5 0
5 8 .0 0
5 3 .5 0
5 5 .0 0
5 5 .0 0
5 2 .5 0
6
-
-
-
-
6
14
9
5
3
2
33
12
21
10
28
5
23
14
3
3
55
16
39
8
8
8
27
&
21
12
7
2
49
25
24
6
12
41
20
21
3
8
5
29
17
12
5
3
4
34
23
11
3
5
36
14
22
9
3
9
20
7
13
5
5
3
13
4
9
4
2
1
S ee f o o tn o te s at en d o f t a b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s ,
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e .
36
7
29
17
8
4
10
7
3
1
.
2
82
14
68
31
21
11
2
2
.
2
“
55
2
53
25
12
8
8
14
8
6
4
1
1
40
11
29
6
3
18
1
1
.
-
.
_
-
-
-
25
9
16
11
4
1
98
9
89
16
4
68
_
.
3
1
-
-
36
16
20
15
1
3
59
-
.
.
.
-
_
“
2
2
4
7
-
1
1
-
2
1
-
1
1
1
.
-
13
_
.
“
1
“
8
-
10
3
.
2
.
-
6
13
13 -------- T
5
-
3
3
3
60
14
46
25
15
13
13
.
-
11
11
4
9
9
9
6
_
27
-
8
8
6
2
2
-
-
40
.
-
10
25
5
9
1
4
"
.
-
-
-
5
4
5
-
7
1
-
-
-
1
1
6
6
-
7
4
3
6
.
_
.
-
-
-
6
6
_
-
.
.
-
.
-
_
-
-
-
-
1
1
_
8 _____ 2 j
1
7
9
•
-
.
.
_
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
.
.
.
.
3
3
.
3
.
.
.
_
.
.
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
_
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
.
_
1
.
1
1
-
5
5
2
-
_
_
_
_
1
_
1
1
_
_
_
-
6
3
3
1
3
-
-
22
11
11
4
1
6
5
4
1
_
37
21
16
13
3
15
14
1
1
_
-
_
_
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
_
8
T a b le A -l: O f f ic e O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n tin u e d
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a tio n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a
b a s is in A tla n ta , G a. , b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
Average
Sex, occupation, and industry division
N ber
um
of
w ers
ork
$
$
$
£
$
$
s
S
$
$
$
$
%
$
$
$
$
$
$
%
W
eekly Under 1 2 .5 0 3 5 .0 0 37. 50 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 . 50 5 0 .0 0 52 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 62. 50 6 5 .0 0 67. 50 70. 00 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0
W
eekly
h rs
ou
earn gs
in
and
$
and
(Standard) (Standard)
32. 50 under
3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 52. 50 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 60. 00 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 35*0.0. 9 0 .0 0
o v e r.
—
Women - Continued
_
619
91
528
335
145
3 9 .5
4 0T T
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
Duplicating-machine operators
(mimeograph or d itto )------------------------------Nonm anufacturing-----------------------------------
49
34
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 5 .0 0
o
o
$
5 2 .0 0
36. 00
5 1 .0 0
5 1 .5 0
5 0 .5 0
Comptometer o p e r a t o r s ----------------------------M anufacturing-----------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing----------------------------------Wholesale t r a d e -------------------------------Retail t r a d e ----------------------------------------
3
3
Key-punch o p e r a t o r s ----------------------------------Nonm anufacturing----------------------------------Public utilities * -------------------------------Wholesale t r a d e -------------------------------Retail t r a d e ---------------------------------------Finance * * -------------------------------------------
376
322
38
121
51
112
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
48. 50
4 6 . 50
5 4 .0 0
4 7 .0 0
4 5 .0 0
43. 50
3
3
3
Office g i r l s ----------------------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing-----------------------------------
96
88
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 1 .0 0
4 1 .0 0
-
S e c r e t a r i e s --------------------------------------------------Manufacturing — -------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing----------------------------------Public utilities * -------------------------------W holesale trade --------------------------------Retail t r a d e ---------------------------------------Finance * * --------------------------------------------
1 ,4 8 5
489
996
130
248
161
386
3 9 .5 .
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
64. 00
6 7 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
6 5 .0 0
6 0 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
Stenographers, general ----------------------------M anufacturing-----------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing----------------------------------Public utilities * ------------------ —---------W holesale trade -------------------------------Retail t r a d e ---------------------------------------Finance * » -------------------------------------------
1 .4 4 4
417
1,027
237
342
126
268
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
5 5 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
5 4 .0 0
5 8 .0 0
56. 00
5 0 .0 0
5 0 .5 0
259
4 2 .0
40. 0
4 2 .0
3 9 .5
4 1 .0
3 9 .5
44. 50
4 9 .5 0
4 3 .5 0
5 3 .0 0
4 5 .5 0
5 0 .5 0
Switchboard o p e r a t o r s -------------------------------Manufacturing------------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing----------------------------------Public utilities * -------------------------------Retail t r a d e ---------------------------------------Finance * * ------------------------------------------Switchboard op erator-recep tion ists -------M anufacturing-----------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing----------------------------------Public utilities * -------------------------------Wholesale t r a d e -------------------------------Finance ** -----------------------------------------Tabulating-machine o p e r a t o r s ----------------Nonm anufacturing----------------------------------Finance * * -------------- ----------------------------
—
W
224
36
70
26
311
111
200
36
91
42
102
80
42
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 8 .5 0
48. 50
4 9 .0 0
5 0 .5 0
5 1 .5 0
4 3 .0 0
5 4 .5 0
4 9 .5 0
4 5 .5 0
-
3
3
-
-
-
-
1
1
8
8
-
6
6
3
3
43
8
35
21
10
45
45
26
13
6
6
6
6
10
9
8
6
1
-
53
52
23
1
28
35
34
14
4
16
41
40
1
8
18
13
27
26
4
6
4
12
15
11
16
16
29
29
7
7
.
71
8
63
35
27
29
5
24
10
12
47
13
34
26
7
37
8
29
17
5
20
12
8
6
-
16
3
13
10
3
9
2
7
5
2
11
7
4
2
1
1
.
1
1
-
1
1
1
-
2
2
2
-
1
-
.
-
2
-
6
4
1
-
5
-
-
.
-
.
-
_
-
-
-
-
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
38
38
5
15
8
10
29
29
5
15
3
6
32
24
3
9
6
6
18
16
2
4
3
7
22
17
2
9
1
5
23
19
7
4
2
6
10
9
4
5
-
3
2
2
-
8
6
1
5
-
3
1
1
-
28
3
3
-
.
-
2
2
2
-
_
.
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
7
13
12
2
2
2
-
1
1
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
3
.
2
1
24
24
•
1
21
34
4
30
147
65
82
12
16
46
96
12
84
3
13
17
44
100
19
81
8
20
26
26
119
20
99
8
26
9
48
186
58
128
5
27
15
68
104
30
74
15
13
47
8
39
8
8
21
34
15
17
87
21
66
2
22
12
24
83
19
64
10
28
10
11
108
49
59
10
24
8
14
202
130
72
32
17
7
11
62
26
36
17
9
10
20
6
14
7
3
4
-
21
8
13
10
_
3
-
24
7
17
10
5
1
-
45
16
29
25
3
16
10
6
2
4
3
5
_
5
.
5
_
5
5
.
5
_
-
13
-
.
-
-
-
-
11
11
.
.
11
_
-
-
-
-
17
.
17
2
4
11
23
7
16
2
.
2
10
54
3
51
18
4
16
10
77
1
76
18
9
7
42
124
15
109
10
30
17
34
125
7
118
17
56
10
20
255
110
145
16
60
28
36
131
43
88
20
29
7
32
150
58
92
13
38
15
21
106
32
74
14
37
8
15
131
38
93
40
24
4
19
45
18
27
9
12
3
3
50
22
28
10
10
3
5
39
19
20
13
4
1
2
43
18
25
10
7
1
7
*46
46
17
---------r
27
27
8
15
“
9
9
7
1
17
2
15
3
5
17
17
1
8
4
11
11
3
6
1
22
1
21
5
10
2
24
6
18
3
9
6
16
1
15
2
7
5
7
3
4
2
-
10
2
8
5
2
8
1
7
7
.
-
1
1
-
2
2
-
3
3
-
11
9
2
1
1
-
6
1
5
5
-
-
2
-
-
10
2
-
.
-
_
”
■
-
.
-
22
------- T~
15
1
14
4
.10
.
6
3
3
3
* T ransportation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
21
6
15
_
15
"
_
-
_
.
-
120
12
108
69
34
91
9!
82
54 !
15
_
.
-
See fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le .
67 j
I
1
66 j
47 !
37
10
27
12
7
3
13
13
10
25
7
18
4
9
14
14
9
-
41
18
23
13
6
12
12
10
31
15
16
4
4
6
7
7
1
61
24
37
4
26
6
3
3
“
24
14
10
.
9
*
18
2
16
3
5
-
9
9
7
4
2
9
9
1
8
7
6
4
3
1
1
-
1
1
“
12
12
8
4
-
-
_
4
“
-
-
3
.
3
_
1
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
_
-
.
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
-
-1
.
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
.
_
-
_
*
-
-
-
7
3
“
-
6
3
*
7
-
.
T a b l e A-1: O f f i c e O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n t i n u e d
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t-t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a
b a s is in A tla n ta , G a . , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
A ver age
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Number
of
workers
$
Weekly
Weekly
hours
earnings
(Standard) (Standard)
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
%
$
Under 32.50 35.00 37.50 40. 00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57. 50 60.00 62. 50 65.00 67. 50 70.00 75.00 80.00 $
85.00 90.00 95.00
and
$
and
32.50 under
35.00 37.50 40.00 42. 50 45.00 47.50 50. 00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95. 00 over
$
$
$
Women - Continued
Transcribing-machine operators,
general---------------------- — ----------- — -----------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------------------------Wholesale trade------------------------------------------------Finance * * -------------------------------------------------------------Typists, class A -----------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------------Wholesale trade------------------------------------------ -—
Retail trade----------------------------------------- ----------------Finance ** ----------------------------------------------------------Typists, class B ------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing -----------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------------------------Public uti i i s * ----------------------------------------------lte
Wholesale trade ----------------------------------------------Retail trade --------------------------------------------------------Finance * * -------------------------------------------------------------1
2
3
4
5
*
**
$
246
226
82
104
486
57
429
110
32
168
868
10 1
767
26
173
131
367
39.5 50.00
39.5 50.00
40.0 j 54.00
39.0 | 47.00
39.5 51.00
"0
39.5 “ 59. 5
39.5 49.50
40.0 52.50
41.5 i 53.00
39.5 47.00
39.5
40.0
39.5
37.5
40.0
40.0
39.0
43.00
46. 50
42.50
48.50
45.00
41. 50
40.50
3
3
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
3
13
-
-
-
-
13
-
-
.
-
2
.
5
28
-
-
-
2
6
6
3
15
12
150
3
147
1
3
17
50
54
2
82
1
7
3
6
8
8
149
112
18
94
7
142
1
3
17
12 1
8
32
73
18
17
13
10
2
4
30
4
26
3
35
7
28
15
23
9
9
60
24
36
3
23
25
7
18
3
1
2
2
10
1
4
“
22
12
1
7
11
2
11
2
31
25
23
10
72
27
38
4
15
2
51
40
59
-
11
6
34
22
184
1
7
167
83
2
62
22
2
2
-
13
28
-
64
31
84
1
9
12
i
1
j
83
9
74
-
7
-
-
16
54
-
6
12
45
43
2
43
37
24
1
9
-
-
!
1
18
18
12
!
35 !
34 1
24 i
40
24
23
3
7
7
j
-
10
2
8
2
1
5
11
4
3
3
3
-
2
1
6
5
3
-
-
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
-
3
3
3
-
_
.
-
-
_
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
4
14
13
7
16
3
8
_
3
_
4
-
_
_
-
6
12
5
3
3
-
1
3
4
_
_
3
2
1
1
7
5
-
-
-
8
-
_
_
12
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
_
„
_
-
1
1
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
“
“
“
“
“
"
“
-
-
-
-
24
4
20
-
13
11
6
7
10
10
8
2
3
2
2
2
-
_
.
_
-
-
_
_
_
H o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r ie s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o ll o w s : 17 at $9 5 to $ 1 0 0 ; 6 at $100 t o $ 1 0 5 ; 10 at $ 1 0 5 to $ 1 1 0 ; 4 at $ 1 1 0 to $ 1 1 5 ; 1 at $ 1 1 5 to $ 1 2 0 .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o ll o w s : 12 at $10 0 to $ 1 0 5 .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o ll o w s : 18 at $30 to $ 3 2 . 50.
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o ll o w s : 10 at $ 2 7 . 50 to $ 3 0 ; 36 at $ 3 0 to $ 3 2 . 50.
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e .
Table A-2*- Professional and Technical Occupations
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t-t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a
b a s is in A tla n ta , G a . , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
A ver age
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Number
$
Weekly
workers
Weekly
earnings
(Standard) (Standard)
Draftsmen, leader---------------------------------------------------------
75
40.0 113.00
Draftsmen, senior----------------Manufacturing-----------------Nonmanufacturing--- — ----------Public u i ities * -------------tl
187
98
89
43
39.5
40.0
39.5
39.0
Draftsmen, junior---------------------------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------------
119
49
70
of
_
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
i$
$
$
$
$
$
£
Under 45.00 47. 50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57. 50 60.00 62. 50 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 9 0 . 0 0 95.00 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 115.00 1 2 0 . 0 0 125.00
and
“
“
"
"
”
~
■
“
“
“
"
and
45.00 under
47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 70.00 75.00. 80.00 85. 00 90.00 9 . 00 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 1 15.00 1 2 0 . 0 0 175.00 o v e r
5.
Men
$
_
.
„
j
.
_
1
1
1
86.50
84.00
89.50
-
- ;
- !
-
-
8 6 .00
"
- !
*
-
39.5 i 64.50
40.0 •' $9.30
39.5 ! 67.50
3
9
7
6
11
2
-
5
2
6
lb
3 j
6
- !
6
40.0
39.5
40.0
_
i
4
4
2
_
!
f
!
-
i
7
l
_
_ .
_
_
_
_
16
3
9
7
5
5
8
9
5
4
17
6
2
8
2
1
1
1
_
-
1
2
31
13
18
14
30
4
5
18
14
4
11
11
5
2
-
_
5
2
8
6
14
4
4
2
1
4
1
3
31
-
*
4
4
-
9
10
1 i
2
2
8
9
25
14
1
1
1
1
11
10
3
3
-
9
24
8
1
2
22
16
1
3
3
58
29
29
1
69.00
63.50
74.00
-
!
!
i
I
1
J
1
1
2
2
3
1
1
2
1
6
6
5
3
~
2
*
5
3
2
i _______
_
\
*
1
16
11
1
1
Women
Nurses, industrial (registered)------------------One-nurse unit--------------Multiple-nurse unit------------
.
_
_
7
1
4
4
1
1
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
1
-
-
_
_
26
1
9
1
_
1
-
1
1
1
6
_
1
1
~
8
z2 1
1
_
- |
_
_
-
-
_
_
1
_
“
**o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o ll o w s : 8 at $12 5 to $ 1 3 0 ; 3 at $130 t o $ 1 3 5 ; 3 at $ 1 3 5 to $ 1 4 0 ; 2 at $ 1 4 0 to $ 1 4 5 ; 1 at $ 14 5 to $1 5 0 ; 3 at $ 1 5 0 to $ 1 5 5 ; 1 at $ 1 5 5 to $ 1 6 0 .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
O cc u p a tio n a l W age S u r v e y , A tlan ta, G a. , M a r c h 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
10
Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(A verage hou rly earnings 1 fo r m en in se le cte d occup ations studied on an area
b a sis in A tlanta, G a ., by industry d ivision , M arch 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O ccu p a tion and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
C a r p e n t e r s , m a in ten a n ce
_____________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________
R e t a il t r a d e ________________ _______ __
Number
of
Workers
218
------T U T
111
69
Average
hourly
earnings
-
$
$
1 .0 5
U nder 1 . 0 0
and
$
under
1.0 0
1 .0 5 1 . 1 0
$
1 .8 9
iv s r ~
1 .9 3
2 .0 4
-
$
1 .1 5
$
1.2 0
$
1 .2 5
$
1 .3 0
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 1 . 6 0
1 ,1 5
1.2 0
1 .2 5
1 .3 0
1 .3 5
1 .4 0
5
8
11
— 5 - ----- T ~ — 8
1
5
3
5
1
-
6
----- 5“
1
1
2
2
-
-
-
-
$
1.10
.
-
.
.
E l e c t r ic i a n s , m a in ten a n ce _ _ _
__
..
M a n u fa ctu rin g
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _____ __ ________________
289
204
85
2 . 18
2 .1 3
2 .3 1
.
-
-
.
-
-
.
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
-
-
E n g in e e r s , sta tio n a r y _________ __ __ __
M a n u fa c t u r in g ________________________ __
__ _
N on m an u factu rin g
R e ta il tra d e
_____ ___ _____________
134
44
90
28
1 .7 1
2 .1 3
1 .5 0
1.7 1
1
1
4
3
3
11
6
1
-
4
-
3
-
3
-
11
-
6
-
6
-
F ir e m e n , sta tio n a r y b o i le r ________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ______ ________ _________
67
52
1 .3 5
1 .47
3 13
3
3
3
1
-
8
8
5
5
2
1
9
$
H e lp e r s , t r a d e s , m a in t e n a n c e _____________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______
„ _____ __
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
R e ta il t r a d e ___________________________
588
227
361
305
28
1 .4 6
1 .4 7
1 .4 6
1 .5 3
1.0 1
31
9
22
34
17
17
14
3
7
2
5
25
19
6
14
8
6
-
2
32
9
23
22
1
_
-
_
-
_
.
14
14
_
6
6
_
4 13
.
1
1 .5 5
1 .6 0
----- 2 p
*
1 .8 0
$
1 .9 0
$
2 .0 0
$
2 . 10
$
2 .2 0
$
2 .3 0
$
2 .4 0
$
2 .5 0
$
2 .6 0
1 .7 0
1 .6 5
$
1 .7 5
1 .7 5
1 .8 0
1 .9 0
2.0 0
2 .10
2 .2 0
2 .3 0
2 .4 0
2 .5 0
2 .6 0
and
over
3
1
2
2
11
8
3
1
10
1
9
8
16
9
7
7
42
35
7
4
12
1
11
7
1
_
1
1
23
2
21
17
TT~
17
4
1
1
12
3
1
1
5
1
4
4
1
1
-
8
11
10
1
4
2
2
2
1
1
16
14
2
4
3
1
12
10
2
13
11
2
8
7
1
30
27
3
36
4
32
85
83
2
13
13
1
1
-
-
1
17
3
14
4
9
2
7
1
1
1
-
7
2
5
5
8
— 6“
2
1
3
3
-
5
4
1
1
22
20
2
2
2
2
_
5
5
_
_
_
.
7
7
5
5
18
T
J
8
----- T -
9
4
5
-
9
4
4
4
5
4
-
1
1
1
-
1
-
1
1
1
1
.
.
-
-
4
4
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
17
5
11
6
5
15
_
15
15
44
24
20
19
1
51
_
51
47
23
8
15
14
1
12
12
-
31
31
-
3
3
-
147
2
145
144
67
67
-
3
3
_
.
_
-
_
-
_
_
-
-
.
_
-
-
1
32
7
25
24
1
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
3
3
3
1
2
9
9
-
18
16
2
10
8
2
8
6
2
6
2
4
19
16
3
13
10
3
23
17
6
32
31
1
35
35
-
66
66
-
8
8
-
9
7
2
-
-
3
2
1
1
12
7
5
4
1
11
2
9
9
-
17
3
14
14
-
47
14
33
25
1
64
64
60
4
33
23
10
8
2
102
1
101
95
2
23
12
11
8
1
57
6
51
42
6
9
3
6
2
4
61
7
54
53
4
4
-
19
13
6
6
-
28
13
15
4
6
-
-
7
2
5
4
-
15
10
5
5
-
11
10
1
1
20
£t)
-
7
7
-
12
2
10
5
2
23
-
34
”~T3
1
1
16
6
10
5
2
20
10
10
4
4
53
33
20
10
9
35
29
6
2
4
47
30
17
8
1
16
10
6
2
4
27
17
10
5
5
126
78
48
2
4
13
10
3
2
1
.
29
29
.
4
4
-
2
2
1
8
49
48
1
7
4
3
7
5
2
-
11
11
58
44
-
1
7
1
_
1
1
.
-
2 .0 5
£ .0 7
1 .8 5
M e c h a n ic s , a u tom otiv e ( m a in t e n a n c e ) ___
M a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ________ __ _____ __
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ______________________
R e ta il tra d e ________________ __ ______
556
128
428
349
44
1 .6 5
1.6 8
1 .6 4
1.6 8
1 .4 6
18
18
_
5 12
-
-
4
4
_
4
-
-
16
£
14
14
-
_
-
3
3
-
_
-
.
-
2
2
-
2
2
-
8
8
-
.
-
—
T ~
5
M e c h a n ic s , m a i n t e n a n c e ___________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ________________________ __
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________
W h o le s a le tr a d e ______________________
R e t a il t r a d e ________ _______________
509
335
174
54
40
1 .9 0
1 .8 4
2.0 2
1 .8 3
1 .9 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
O n e r s ________________________________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ______ __ _____ ______ _
154
153
1 .2 7
1 .2 7
.
6
6
23
23
61
61
_
.
_
_
_
.
"
25
25
.
-
-
"
-
-
-
-
P a in t e r s , m a in ten a n ce _____________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________________
N on m an u factu rin g
159
78
Si
1 .9 2
2 .0 6
1 .7 9
2
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
"
-
-
-
5
1
4
9
2
2
-
15
-
2
2
-
9
2
4
4
-
P ip e f it t e r s , m a in ten a n ce __________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g _______
_____ „ ______
102
88
2 .16
2 .1 4
.
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
-
-
"
-
-
-
2
2
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
S h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ____ __
38
2 .2 9
.
_
.
_
.
_
_
_
_
.
_
1
_
1
2
3
4
5
*
-
8
8
-
348
317
31
1
1
-
29
T ~
2
1
—
1
1
-
M a c h in is t s , m a in ten a n ce __________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________ ____
-
1 .5 0
$
1 .7 0
4
-
6
1
-
1 .4 5
S
1 .6 5
-
~
_
_
-
-
15
~ r r ~
6
3
i
1
-
3
3
4
---- 1
—
3
4
-
4
-
8
4
— I— — I—
3
7
8
-
8
2
Z
-
1
5
2
2
13
13
4
4
-
.
2
5
1
-
—
j —
.
-
-
1
.
1
1
-
-
_
_
_
-
72
72
-
_
14
10
4
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
1
_
1
1
-
_
_
_
_
-
-
34
6
228
5
5
_
-
_
_
-
-
19
1
18
1
1
-
-
-
-
18
4
14
-
12
12
-
-
2
18
_
E x clu d e s p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r t im e and n ig h tw o r k .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 16 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 . 9 0 ; 12 at $ 2 . 9 0 to $ 3 .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o llo w s : 3 at $ 0 .6 5 to $ 0 . 7 0 ; 2 at $ 0 .7 5 to $ 0 . 8 0 ; 3 at $ 0 . 8 0 to $ 0 . 8 5 ; 2 at $ 0 . 8 5 to $ 0 . 9 0 ; 1 at $ 0 .9 0 to $ 0 . 9 5 ; 2 at $ 0 . 9 5 to $ 1.
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o ll o w s : 12 at $ 0 .7 5 to $ 0 . 8 0 ; 1 at $ 0 . 8 5 to $ 0 . 9 0 .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o llo w s : 10 at $ 0 . 9 0 to $ 0 . 9 5 ; 2 at $ 0 . 9 5 to $ 1.
O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , A tla n ta , G a . , M a r c h 1954
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s
Table A-4:
Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(A verage h ou rly earnings 1 f o r se le cte d occupations 2 studied on an a rea
b a sis in Atlanta, G a ., by industry d ivisio n , M arch 1954)
O ccupation and in d u stry d iv isio n
Number
of
W
orkers
Average
hourly
earnings
$
1. 73
1 .8 1
G uard s --------------------------------------------------------M an u facturin g — ------------------------------------
236
192
J a n i t o r s , p o r te r s , and c le a n e r s
( m e n ) --------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * ------------------------------W h o lesa le t r a d e ------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e -------------------------------------F in a n c e * * ----------------------------------------
2 . 548
1, 193
1, 355
326
190
308
330
.9 1
1 . 12
1. 13
.8 4
.8 1
525
119
406
69
299
.7 3
.9 3
. 67
70
62
J a n i t o r s , p o r te r s , and c le a n e r s
(women) ---------------------------------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ---------------------------------------- N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------
0 .8 0
0 .8 5
0 .9 0
0 .9 5
.7 5
.8 0
.8 5
.9 0
•95
1 .0 0
1 .0 5
1 . 10
1 .1 5
1 .2 0
1 .2 5
1 .3 0
1 .3 5
1 .4 0
1 .4 5
1 .5 0
1 .5 5
1 . 60
1 .7 0
1 .8 0
1 .9 0
2 .0 0
and
over
-
-
-
-
11
-
5
-
2
-
4
“
1
-
3
-
13
-
4
-
2
-
5
-
-
15
-
32
31
-
138
138
-
12
12
26
193
193
4
13
173
167
6o
107
127
47
80
14
4
16
34
160
206
147
59
27
5
18
5
191
129
62
167
58
109
170
58
141
40
2
54
59
53
10
22
112
101
27
6
1
6
68
20
2
70
21
12
11
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
18
2
15
_
-
.
5
.
-
16
4
8
70
25
15
32
3
29
18
■ 67
73
3
24
27
19
192
109
83
62
26
23
-
-
-
-
34
16
18
L5
21
7
4
3
_
_
_
_
-
-
127
.
127
-
77
77
.
-
22
22
-
-
27
27
325
273
273
7
14
14
5
5
5
4
266
9
1
1 .2 9
.9 8
.9 3
-
.
-
-
1 .2 3
1 .2 4
1 .2 3
1. 19
1. 30
-
-
-
1 .0 4
1. 13
1; 15
L a b o r e r s , m a te r ia l h a n d lin g -------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------ ---------- ■
---------N onm anufacturing ---------------- --------------P u b lic u tilitie s * -----------------------------W h o lesa le t r a d e ------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e --------------------------------------
3 .9 5 2
2 ,0 8 1
1 ,8 7 1
815
560
496
O rd e r f i l l e r s ----------------------------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g --------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------------------W h o lesa le t r a d e -----------------------------R e ta il t r a d e --------------------------------------
807
187
620
375
245
P a c k e r s , shipping ( m e n ) ------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ---------------- --------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------------------W h o lesa le t r a d e -----------------------------R e ta il t r a d e --------------------------------------
627
291
336
225
P a c k e r s , shipping (w o m e n )--------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e ------------------------------------
153
106
73
1. 11
R e ce iv in g c l e r k s --------- —-------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g -------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------------------W h o lesa le t r a d e --------------- -------------R e ta il tra d e -------------------------------------
245
70
175
63
65
1 .3 3
1 .2 9
1 .3 5
1 .3 3
1. 34
111
0 .7 5
-
1 . 18
1. 10
1. 13
2
12
76
13
79
63
1
13
5
3
-
637
331
306
96
23
73
405
255
150
-
-
-
-
-
193
113
218
124
94
.
9
85
*
-
-
*
“
“
_
-
.
“
_
■
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_ k
10
63
59
91
46
6
t>
-
40
39
1
51
35
16
41
38
3
3
-
26
19
7
10
2
8
4
4
4
5
5
5
-
-
1
.
5
5
1
1
31
29
2
2
40
5
2
1
See footnotes at end of table.
* T ransportation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
** F inance, in su ra n ce, and re a l esta te.
16
1
16
8
8
20
20
1
_
“
8
16
27
32
16
16
1 .2 0
1 . 16
1 .2 4
1 .2 6
1 . 18
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .0 0 *1 .0 5 *1 . 10 *1. 15 1 .2 0 * 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 $1 .3 5 * 1 .4 0 * 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 * 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 *1 .8 0 1 .9 0 *2 .0 0
$
0 .7 0
th d e r 0 .6 0 0 .6 5
$
and
0 .6 0 under
.6 5
.7 0
6
1
57
17
4
9
13
25
34
15
19
.
19
170
91
79
28
24
27
8
2
578
528
37
13
177
158
13
1
41
14
59
25
66
51
13
38
19
19
17
8
5
25
25
9
9
22
22
10
10
13
7
3
52
59
15
24
12
11
6
18
102
66
1
7
95
91
4
18
48
41
7
35
4
31
10
7
11
20
1
32
26
19
18
12
6
4
4
4
14
27
4
23
21
-
3
9
-
12
2
1
1
43
2
2
20
5
20
77
40
37
25
12
2
1
111
12
53
15
-
6
97
2
16
-
-
20
-
6
1
1
131
114
17
17
_
_
-
7
7
1
1
-
_
_
_
-
_
-
166
161
5
_
5
_
-
_
-
_
-
.
-
_
_
38
37
4
.
4
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
-
“
-
-
-
13
3
10
7
13
.
13
_
-
1
9
1
2
2
85
41
8
1
1
-
289
232
57
55
44
16
5
49
3
3
-
1
-
297
217
80
5
61
42
19
10
57
33
24
9
7
3
17
17
4
2
1
178
159
19
.
16
3
-
3
2
-
-
.
.
179
84
65
19
.
9
14
.
76
71
5
.
3
6
117
50
67
56
4
7
10
2
2
26
14
9
22
9
3
62
7
55
30
25
22
12
.
149
54
95
7
9
28
_
28
27
22
88
1
1
3
3
3
-
46
_
46
44
13
_
13
16
10
6
7
37
17
9
7
47
45
_
7
_
7
20
10
2
1
1
586
14
9
3
6
61
10
1
11
20
7
54
50
4
5
5
15
15
4
4
2
6
1
4
3
14
27
10
12
1
4
4
15
.
1
8
7
.
10
6
8
2
6
2
1
1
12
2
-
22
.
10
19
6
4
208 _ 1 4 2
207
129
13
1
_
12
1
1
-
-
-
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
2
-
-
3
6
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
13
13
13
3
3
3
8
6
10
11
2
8
9
5
4
8
6
7
9
12
3
3
2
57
6
51
5
2
2
2
_
3
7
6
1
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
1
_
1
1
2
9
3
6
3
3
_
_
_
_
-
6
6
1
1
1
4
4
Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Ga. , M arch 1954
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1
j
1
_
_
_
_
_
1
-
-
-
-
-
23
8
2
1
2
21
2
3
3
2
*
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M ove m e nt O c cup ations - C ontinued
(Average hourly earnings1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in Atlanta, Ga, , by industry division, March 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Occupation and in d u stry d iv ision
Number
of
W
orkers
Average
hourly
earnings
$
$
$
$
Under 0. 60 0 . 65 0. 70 0 .7 5
and
$
0. 60 under
.7 5
. 80
. 65
. 70
$
0 .8 0
$
0 .8 5
$
0 .9 0
$
0 .9 5
$
1 .0 0
$
1 .0 5
$
$
$
1. 10 1. 15 1 .2 0
.8 5
.9 0
.9 5
1 .0 0
1 .0 5
1. 10
1. 15 1 .2 0
Shipping c le r k s -----------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------------N on m an ufacturin g --------------------------------W holesale trad e ------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e --------------------------------------
378
189
189
118
68
$
1 .4 6
1. 56
1. 37
1 .4 7
1 .2 3
-
-
-
3
3
-
-
6
6
6
S h ip p in g -a n d -receiv in g c le r k s ---------------M a n u fa ctu rin g _—___ __________—______
N onm an ufacturin g--------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * ------------------------------W holesale trad e -------------------------------
503
146
357
162
112
1. 51
1. 57
1 .4 9
1 .4 6
1 .4 9
_
-
_
_
-
_
-
"
_
-
T ru c k d riv e r s , lig ht (under l l/2 t o n s ) ------M a n u fa ctu rin g -------------------------------- ------N onm anufacturing --------------------------------W holesale t r a d e ---------------------->
--------R e ta il trade -------------------------------------
467
120
347
64
125
1. 12
1. 17
1. 11
1. 13
.8 9
18
18
"
-
6
6
-
6
6
-
T ru c k d riv e r s, m edium ( 1 V2 to and
including 4 tons) ------------------------------------M an u factu rin g ---------------------------------------N onm anufacturing--------------------------------P u blic u tilitie s * ------------------------------W holesale trad e ------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e --------------------------------------
1 .9 6 8
482
1, 486
1, 012
130
332
1 .2 3
1. 02
1 .2 9
1 .4 2
1. 00
1. 03
-
-
9
9
-
T ru c k d riv e r s , heavy (over 4 to n s,
tr a ile r type) --------------------------------------------M anufacturing -------------------------------------N onm an ufacturin g---------------------------------
509
288
221
1. 39
1. 36
1 .4 3
"
-
T r u c k e rs , power (fo rk lift) ----------------------M anufacturing -------------------------------------N on m an ufacturin g--------------------------------P u blic u tilitie s * -------------------------------
412
245
167
114
1. 33
1. 30
1. 37
1 .4 2
"
W a tch m e n --------------------------------------------------M an u factu rin g ---- ----------------------------------N onm anufacturing--------------------------------P u blic u tilitie s * -------- ---------------------W holesale t r a d e ------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e -------------------------------------- '
419
256
163
53
28
48
1 .0 1
.9 5
1. 09
1 .2 7
1. 16
1. 11
24
12
12
-
1 .2 5
9
9
5
5
5
6
6
6
-
5
5
-
2
2
“
8
8
-
9
2
7
3
4
20
1
19
7
12
24
7
17
17
42
17
25
25
-
40
22
18
18
-
bo
24
6
4
2
5
5
5
-
30
23
7
5
2
23
12
11
10
1
16
3
13
12
1
42
32
10
9
1
21
2
19
14
5
6
3
3
3
26
4 26
"
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
7
7
-
3
_
3
3
30
30
12
2
2
"
28
11
17
7
12
_
12
4
8
24
7
17
10
7
106
14
92
92
-
32
2
30
10
9
51
23
28
24
4
39
7
32
30
33
16
17
6
7
25
5
20
2
11
16
7
9
3
1
49
37
12
_
20
7
13
_
1
26
1
25
11
11
29
26
19
6
13
10
48
6
42
42
38
5
33
13
19
5
14
6
8
34
7
27
8
19
64
38
26
21
2
14
14
14
-
36
30
6
2
4
6
1
5
5
-
3
3
1
1
1
~
-
8
4
4
-
4
1
3
3
-
44
44
5
-
-
55
1
54
-
3
3
-
12
12
*
_
-
"
-
227
168
59
56
101
58
43
30
13
36
28
8
8
219
18
201
56
145
58
58
-
30
12
18
8
10
31
29
2
2
29
29
1
16.
12
12
.12
1
8
3
7
7
3
4
5
3
2
2
13
10
3
3
627
627
620
7
249
7
242
234
8
93
14
79
70
2
7
53
23
30
30
13
7
6
2
4
40
2
38
18
2
18
74
7
67
65
2
~
17
17
_
~
15
11
4
_
4
“
10
10
_
_
-
"
“
”
1
1
48
7
41
25
21
4
10
6
4
16
l6
~
“
-
“
8
8
“
8
8
“
9
5
4
56
56
190
190
“
4
4
"
-
33
33
37
37
17
17
26
20
6
7
_
7
14
3
11
“
-
36
36
“
29
29
-
16
-
3
3
“
8
3
5
“
14
14
~
13
12
1
“
13
7
6
"
15
15
-
8
2
6
”
4
4
“
13
4
9
-
59
2
57
44
55
55
50
21
21
20
12
12
-
“
10
10
“
8
8
-
58
56
2
“
16
15
1
"
1
1
-
.
-
_
-
_
-
79
74
5
-
61
51
19
4
9
23
2?
1
1
-
23
23
17
-
35
2
33
2
15
15
38
36
2
2
26
13
13
1
11
8
3
5
3
2
17
16
1
1
8
8
4
4
7
7
2
5
7
4
3
3
6
5
1
1
5
5
4
1
12
12
12
-
17
9
8
8
-
4
4
_
5
5
_
_
2
2
2
2
_
2
_
2
1
_
1
_
1
-
29
9
16
”
9
6
1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated.
Workers were distributed as follows: 3 at $0. 35 to $0. 40; 8 at $0. 50 to $0. 55; 14 at $0. 55 to $0. 60.
Workers were distributed as follows: 15 at $2 to $2. 10; 7 at $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2 .3 0 ; 2 at $ 2 .3 0 to $ 2 .4 0 ; 2 at $ 2 .4 0 to $ 2 .5 0 .
* transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1 .2 5
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1 .5 5 1. 60 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0
and
1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1 .5 5 1. 60 1 .7 0 1. 80 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 o ver
$
1
B: Establishment Practices and Supplem entary Wage Provisions
Table B-1: Shift D iffe re n tia l Pro visio n s '
Percent of manufacturing plant w orkers
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total
. _
(b)
Actually working on -
In establishm ents having
form al provisions for Third or
Second
other
shift
shift
work
work
Shift differential
_
Third or
other
shift
Second
shift
8 0. 1
1 8 .0
4 .4
6 3 .4
4 9 .9
4 .2
10. 1
4 .2
2 3 .6
With shift pay d iffe re n tia l_____________________________
U niform cents (per h o u r ) __________________________
Under 5 cents
_
5 cents
O ver 5 and under 8 cents
8 cents _
_ .
9 cents ________________________________________
10 c e n ts _______________ _____
Over 10 cents
U niform percentage
5 percent
6 percent
7 V2 p e r c e n t ______________________________________
Paid lunch period (not paid first shift
w o rk e rs)
.
No shift pay differential
6 7 .4
5 5 .2
4 4 .7
1 .0
1 0 .6
.8
1 8 .7
2. 6
5 .8
5. 1
1 0 .5
1. 1
1 3 .6
1 2 .7
.8
1 .9
1 .2
8 .5
2 .3
2 .3
_
-
3 .4
4 .4
1 2 .0
1 0 .5
1 .4
-
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
-
-
-
,7
4 .3
_
1 2 .2
1 .6
1 6 .7
-
-
9 .4
-
.9
_
.8
.2
.3
. 1
_
2. 1
1
Shift differential data are presented in term s of (a) establishm ent policy and (b) w orkers actually employed on late shifts at the time
of the survey.
An establishment was considered as having a policy if it m et either of the following conditions:
(1) Operated late shifts at
the tim e of the survey, or (2) had form al provisions covering late shifts.
Table B-2: Scheduled Weekly Hours2
3
PERCEN T OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS1 EM PLOYED I N -
W eekly hours
A ll w orkers
35 hours
O ver 35 and under 3 7 V2 hours ___________
3 7 V2 h o u r s ____ ____________________________
Over 3 7 1 and under 40 hours
/?.
40 hour s ______________ __
O ver 40 and under 44 hours
44 hours
Over 44 and under 48 hours
48 hours ____________________
• ver 48 and under 50 hours
O
50 hours _____________'
Over 50 and under 54 h o u r s ___
54 hour s ___________________
Over 54 h o u r s ____________________
All
2
industries
1 0 0 .0
1 .4
.9
15. 1
6 .0
7 1 .2
1. 1
2 .9
.7
.4
_
.1
.1
.1
-
Manufacturing
1 0 0 .0
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 .6
7. 1
2 2 .8
6 6 .4
. 1
-
9 .5
_
7 .9
1 .2
8 1 .9
2 .2
6 .3
.4
_
_
63. 1
_
2 4 .9
_
2 .2
.2
_
_
4 .6
8 .2
_
9 0 .2
1 .6
3 .6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
_
84. 1
.4
3 .5
3 .0
.3
_
_
.5
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
Services
All
3
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
.100.0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
3 .7
6. 5
-
7 1 .6
1 .8
2 .4
5 .2
11 .9
.2
.7
-
8 5 .6
1. 1
1 .3
3 .0
1 .8
.7
.4
1 .5
-
.7
-
-
-
-
6 5 .9
2 .9
2 2 .4
_
3 .7
1 .3
3 .8
8 7 .7
.3
3 .0
2 .3
3 .4
3 .2
-
Retail trade
Services
1 0 0 .0
53. 1
5 .8
5 .9
6 .8
22.5
_
6 .0
■
2 Data rela te to women w o rk e rs.
Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Ga. , March 1954
3 Includes data for se rv ic e s in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
U .S . D EPARTM ENT OF LABOR
Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Bureau of Labor Statistics
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroad s), communication, and other public utilities.
* * Finance, in surance, and real estate.
Table B-3:
Paid Holidays1
PE R C E N T OF O FFIC E W O RK ERS EM PLO YED IN—
N u m b e r of paid holidays
All w o r k e r s
_
__________
_________ ___
W o r k e r s in establishments providing
paid holidays __________________________
1 or 2 days __________________________
3 days ____________________________ ____
4 days ________________________________
5 d ays ________________________________
6 days ________________________________________
7
days „_________________________________________
8 d ays ________________________________
9 days
_
__
_ _
_ _
10 days _________________________________________
W o r k e r s in establishments providing
no paid holidays
All
,
industries*
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
PE R C E N T OF PLA N T W O R K ER S EM PLO YED IN —
Finance**
Services
All
,
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
99.6
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
99.4
100. 0
82. 3
79. 5
94. 8
96.4
86. 5
1.4
1 7
.
5.9
30.6
38.5
3 5
.
2.5
2.0
2.5
17.6
51.0
2.8
-
22.5
59. 8
12.5
5 7
.
3.2
39.4
39.0
9.2
1 5
.
10. 6
69. 7
4 7
.
7
1
-
_
Services
1
.5
1.6
40.4
43. 2
6.4
5.6
. 8
_
.
1.
1
-
-
-
.3
1.0
23.9
72. 7
.9
1.4
. 3
30.2
51.4
14.6
3 5
.
12.5
69. 2
18.3
-
-
-
-
3.0
3.7
86.3
6.4
-
2 2
.
50. 8
16. 7
4 7
.
17.6
3.2
4.8
-
-
.
-
-
.
-
-
.6
.4
17.7
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5 2
.
3. 6
1.
20. 5
13. 5
1
Estim ates include only fu ll-d a y holidays.
Includes data for se rvice s in addition to those industry divisions shown separaf «1* ,
Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* Transportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s), com munication, and other public u tilities.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Table B-4-. Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)
P E R C E N T OF PLA N T W O R K ER S EM PLO YED IN —
P ER C EN T OF O FFIC E W O RK ERS EM PLO YED IN—
Vacation policy
A ll w o r k e r s ________________________________
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance * *
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
2 4 .9
7 4 .6
.4
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
22. 6
7 7 .4
100. 0
100. 0
5 5 .7
44. 3
100. 0
100. 0
12. 1
85. 7
2 .3
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
5 3 .8
46. 2
100. 0
100. 0
4. 2
9 5 .8
All
.
industries 1
Services
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
93. 2
82. 5
4 9 .9
3 2 .6
( 3)
10. 7
10. 7
9 1. 7
74. 1
4 7 .4
26. 7
9 6 .4
9 6 .4
48. 2
47. 9
. 3
9 5. 6
9 5 .6
48. 7
4 6 .9
-
-
-
6 .8
8. 3
3. 6
4 .4
All
,
industries
After 1 year of service
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid vacations -------------------------------------------------L en gth -o f-tim e payment _______ ______
1 week ______________________________
2 weeks
___________________________
4 weeks and o v e r ___________________
Percentage paym ent4 ____________________
2 percent ______________ ________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations
________ _____________
.
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17. 6
1 7 .6
100.
100.
55.
44.
-
0
0
2
8
See footnotes at end of table.
Occupational W age Survey, Atlanta-, G a. , M arch 1954
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroad s), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF L AB O R
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Bureau of Labor S tatistics
-
Services
Table B-4*.
Paid V a catio n s (Form al Provisions)- Continued
PER C EN T OF O FFIC E W O RK ERS EM PLO YED I N -
Vacation p olicy
A ll w ork ers
_______________________________
All
industries1
P E R C EN T OF PLANT W O RK ER S EM PLO YED IN —
All
,
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
7 .0
. 2
9 0 .3
2. 1
.4
-
100. 0
100. 0
1 4 .0
8 6 .0
-
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
8. 6
9 1 .4
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
97. 7
2 .3
-
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
4 .6
1. 1
86. 2
8 .2
-
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
3. 7
96 . 3
-
Services
Wholesale
trade
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
93. 2
82. 5
30. 3
5 .2
4 5. 4
1 .6
(s)
10. 7
10. 7
91. 7
74. 1
32. 9
7 .4
3 3 .8
1 7 .6
17. 6
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
22. 3
77. 7
-
9 6 .4
9 6 .4
1 9 .6
6. 2
7 0 .4
. 3
-
9 5 .6
9 5 .6
19. 5
1. 8
6 6 .4
7 .9
-
8. 3
3. 6
4 .4
9 3 .2
82. 5
18. 7
5. 7
5 6 .5
1 .6
(3)
10. 7
10. 7
* 9 1 .7
74. 1
1 7 .6
7. 7
4 8 .9
17. 6
17. 6
9 6 .4
9 6 .4
14. 7
11. 0
7 0 .4
.3
-
95. 6
9 5 .6
1 5 .0
1. 8
7 0 .9
7 .9
-
6 .8
Finance**
Public
utilities *
6. 8
Retail trade
8. 3
3 .6
4 .4
93. 2
82. 5
8. 7
1 .4
67. 5
91. 7
74. 1
4 .2
1. 6
66. 8
9 6 .4
9 6 .4
14. 7
2. 3
7 5 .7
95. 6
9 5 .6
15. 0
1. 8
61. 2
Manufacturing
Retail trade
A fter 2 y e a rs of se rv ic e
W o rk e rs in establishm en ts providing
paid v a c a tio n s __________________________
L e n g th -o f-tim e payment
_________ _
1 w e e k ___________________ ________
O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s _______
2 weeks ______________________________
O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s _________
4 weeks and o v e r ___________________
Percentage payment 4 __________________
2 percent ___________________________
W ork e rs in establishm en ts providing
no paid v a c a tio n s _________________________
. 1
'
A fter 3 y e a rs of se rv ic e
W o rk e rs in establishm en ts providing
paid v a c a tio n s _____________________________
L e n g th -o f-tim e p ay m en t_______________
1 w e e k ___________________ _______ __
O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s _________
2 weeks __ __ __________ _____ ____ ___
O ver 2 and under 3 weeks _____
_
4 weeks and o v e r ___________________
P ercentage pay m en t4 __________________
2 percent ____________________________
W o rk e rs in establishm en ts providing
no paid vacations _______________________
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
5 .4
. 1
9 1 .9
2. 1
.4
-
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
9 .5
9 0. 5
-
-
1Q0. 0
1 0 0 .0
6 .8
9 3 .2
-
100. 0
100. 0
9 7 .7
2 .3
-
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
4 .6
1. 1
86. 2
8*2
-
100. 0
100. 0
3 .7
9 6 .3
-
. 1
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
15. 6
8 4 .4
-
A fter 5 y e a rs of se rv ic e
W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
paid vacations -------------------------------------------L e n g th -o f-tim e p ay m en t_______________
1 w e e k ------------ ---------------------------------O ver 1 and under 2 weeks _________
2 w e e k s _______ ______________________
O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s _________
3 weeks ---------------------------------------4 weeks and o v e r _________________ P ercentage paym en t4 __________________
2 p e rc e n t---------------------------------------------4 p e rc e n t---------------------------------------------W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
no paid v a c a tio n s ----------------------------------------------
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
1 .6
«
9 3 .6
1 .0
3 .4
.4
-
.
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 .5
97. 2
1 .4
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 .5
9 5 .3
100. 0
100. 0
9 2 .6
-
-
-
3 .2
-
5 .2
2. 3
-
12. 7
-
-
-
1
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), com munication, and other public utilities
* * Finance, in suran ce, and re al estate.
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
4 .6
. 2
82. 5
-
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
-
“
-
4 .9
(3)
10. 7
5 .4
5. 4
6 .8
-
-
1.
17.
8.
9.
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
3. 8
92. 8
6
6
0
6
8 .3
-
-
3 .4
-
3 .4
.3
-
17. 6
-
“
-
3. 6
■
4 .4
Services
16
Table B-4:
Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)- Continued
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Vacation policy
A ll workers _______________________________
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
M
anufacturing
P blic
u
u
tilities*
W
holesale
trade
R
etail trade
Finance**
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
1. 3
89. 1
1 .9
7. 2
.4
-
100. 0
100. 0
.9
9 5 .4
3. 7 ,
-
100.
100.
1.
95.
3.
-
100. 0
100. 0
91. 7
.9
5. 2
2. 3
*
_
100. 0
100. 0
4. 0
_
69. 0
13. 2
13. 7
-
100. 0
100. 0
37. 1
60. 7
2. 3
-
100.
100.
4.
34.
61.
-
All .
industries1
All ,
in u
d stries
M
anufacturing
P
ublic
utilities *
W
holesale
trade
Retail trade
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
_
91. 1
8 .9
-
93. 2
82. 5
7. 0
.9
66. 0
2. 4
6. 1
(3)
10. 7
5 .4
5 .4
91. 7
74. 1
3. 3
1. 6
65. 7
3. 6
17. 6
8. 0
9. 6
100. 0
100. 0
3. 8
96. 4
9 6. 4
14. 7
95. 6
9 5. 6
9. 1
92 . 8
_
3 .4
-
7 5 .9
2. 1
3. 4
.3
-
57. 0
1 1 .9
17. 6
_
-
6. 8
8. 3
-
3. 6
4. 4
93. 2
82. 5
7. 0
.9
49. 1
25. 5
(3)
10. 7
5 .4
3 .9
1. 5
91. 7
74. 1
3. 3
1. 6
50. 3
19. 0
17. 6
8. 0
6 .9
2. 6
9 6. 4
96. 4
14. 7
44. 1
37. 3
. 3
-
9 5. 6
9 5. 6
9. 1
_
47. 7
38. 8
-
6. 8
8. 3
3. 6
4 .4
9 6 .4
9 6. 4
14. 7
43 . 1
38. 3
. 3
-
95. 6
9 5. 6
9. 1
_
36. 7
36. 7
13. 2
-
3. 6
4. 4
S
ervices
After 10 yea rs of service
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid vacations ___________________________
L ength-of-tim e payment _____________
1 w e e k _______________________________
Over 1 and under 2 weeks _
2 weeks ____________________________
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s________
3 weeks _________ *
__________________
4 weeks and o v e r __________________
Percentage paym ent4 ________________
2 percent____________________________
4 percent ___________________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid v a c a tio n s _______________________
. 1
0
0
5
3
2
-
“
“
-
_
_
After 15 years of service
W orkers in establishments providing
paid vacations ___________________________
L ength-of-tim e payment _____________
1 w e e k ______________________________
Over 1 and under 2 weeks _______
2 weeks _____________________________
3 weeks _____________________________
4 weeks and o v e r __________________
Percentage payment 4 ________________
2 percent ___________________________
4 percent ___________________________
6 percent and o v e r ________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations _______________________ '
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
1 .3
52. 7
45 . 5
.4
. 1
100. 0
100. 0
.9
83. 2
1 5 .9
-
100. 0
100. 0
1. 5
32. 1
6 6 .4
-
0
0
0
7
3
100. 0
100. 0
52. 6
4 7. 4
-
_
-
100. 0
100. 0
3. 8
51. 0
45. 2
■
After 20 years of service
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid v a ca tio n s___________________________
L ength-of-tim e payment _____________
1 week ______________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s________
2 weeks _____________________________
3 weeks _____________________________
4 weeks and o v e r __________________
Percentage paym ent4 ________________
2 percent -------------- --------------------------4 percent ___________________________
6 percent and over ________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations _______________________
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
1. 3
43. 5
51. 8
3. 3
-
100. 0
100. 0
.9
82. 8
16. 3
-
100.
100.
1.
11.
87.
-
-
0
0
5
0
5
100. 0
100. 0
35. 1
62. 7
2. 3
-
. 1
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroad s), com munication, and other public u tilities.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
100.
100.
4.
24.
57.
14.
-
0
0
0
2
6
3
100. 0
100. 0
3 9 .2
56. 4
4. 3
-
93. 2
82. 5
7. 0
.9
42 . 7
29. 3
2. 6
10. 7
5. 4
3 .9
1. 5
6. 8
91.
74.
3.
1.
48.
21.
7
1
3
6
3
0
-
17.
8.
6.
2.
6
0
9
6
8. 3
100. 0
100. 0
3. 8
2 4. 6
71. 6
-
T a b le
B-4*.
P a id
V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P r o v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -
Manufacturing
1 __
A ll w o r k e r s _____________________________
All
j
industries1
O
O
0
Vacation policy
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
.9
82. 8
16. 3
-
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1. 5
11. 0
87. 5
-
100. 0
100. 0
29. 0
52. 9
18. 1
-
100. 0
100. 0
4. 0
24. 2
18. 1
53. 7
-
All
2
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
32. 5
4 4. 6
22. 9
"
-
93. 2
82. 5
7. 0
.9
4 2. 6
25. 8
6. 2
10. 7
5. 4
3. 9
1. 5
91. 7
74. 1
3. 3
1. 6
48. 3
21. 0
1 7 .6
8. 0
6. 9
2. 6
9 6 .4
9 6 .4
14. 7
41. 1
3 2 .8
7 .9
‘
9 5 .6
9 5 .6
9. 1
36. 7
2 0 .4
29. 4
-
6. 8
8. 3
Services
S
ervices
A fter 25 y ea rs of service
W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
paid vacations ____________________________
L e n g th -o f-tim e payment -------------------1 w e e k _______________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s________
2 weeks _____________________________
3 weeks _____________________________
4 weeks and over __________________
Percentage p ay m en t4 -------------------------2 percent ____________________________
4 percent ___________ ________________
6 percent and o v e r -------------------------W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
no paid v a c a tio n s ________________________
1
2
3
4
*
**
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
1. 3
41. 0
42. 2
1 5 .4
. 1
-
'
'
‘
100.
100.
3.
24.
71.
-
0
0
8
6
6
-
■
3. 6
4*. 4
Includes data for se rv ic e s in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
L e ss than 0 .0 5 percent.
Percent of annual earnings.
Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), communication, and other public utilities.
F inance, in suran ce, and real estate.
Table B-5: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -
Type of plan
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Manufacturing
A ll w orkers
W ork ers in establishm ents providing:
L ife insurance _______________________
Accidental death and d ism e m berm ent in s u r a n c e __________________
Sickness and accident insurance ____
Sick leave (full pay and no
waiting period) _______________________
Sick leave (partial pay or
waiting period) _______________________
Hospitalization in s u r a n c e ____________
Surgical insurance _____________________
M edical insurance _____________________
Catastrophe in s u r a n c e ________________
R etirem ent pension __________________
Health, insurance, or pension
plan not liste d above _____________ __
No health, in surance, or pension
plan ____________________________________
100. 0
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
9 7 .9
94. 0
91. 3
27. 9
55. 3
1 6 .9
21. 8
27. 0
All
2
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
9 1 .0
9 6 .2
96. 1
91 . o
84. 6
9 .0
20. 0
4 1 .7
5 1 .5
5 5 .9
7 0 .8
2 4 .7
2 5 .6
3 5 .9
46. 0
25. 7
23. 2
1 5 .8
1 9 .4
2 .0
7 .9
20. 1
1 .1
49. 4
4 9 .9
4 4. 5
24. 2
9 .5
6 6 .8
64. 4
26. 5
56. 0
19. 8
65. 6
65. 6
2 5 .9
8. 3
57. 7
-
r
9 6 .9
9 8 .8
3 3 .1
4 1 .9
6 7 .6
7 5 .0
3 2 .4
5 9 .1
1 7 .7
3 1 .8
14. 9
1 1 .7
7 8 .6
7 5 .3
45. 1
1 .4
9 5 .2
9 0 .0
6 9 .6
1. 8
7 6 .0
46.
39.
39.
24.
10.
78.
77.
41.
21. 4
8 3 .4
8 3 .4
2 6 .6
31. 2
81. 5
85. 7
78. 8
45. 5
15. 4
9 1 .4
10. 6
7 6 .3
7 3 .0
38. 6
2 .5
5 5 .8
3 .9
-
6.0
8.2
8 3 .3
4
8
8
9
86. 3
2
5
1
3
82. 3
_
1. 1
.2
.9
2 3 .3
3 0 .1
.3
8 6 .9
50 . 1
1. 6
5 8 .4
. 1
* Includes data for se rv ic e s in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* T ransportation (excluding ra ilroad s), communication, and other public u tilities.
* * Finance, in suran ce, and re a l estate.
91.6
72. 4
1. 3
1 .4
3. 6
100. 0
1 1 .2
Occupational W age Survey, Atlanta, Ga. , March 1954
U. S. D EPAR TM EN T OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table B-6:
Overtime Pay Practices
PE R C E N T OF O FF IC E W O RK ERS EM PLO YED I N -
Overtim e policy
P E R C E N T OF PLA N T W O R K ER S EM PLO YED IN —
M
anufacturing
P blic
u
utilities*
W
holesale
trade
R
etail trade
F
inance**
1 0 0 .0
A ll w orkers
All i
indu
stries
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 6 .3
3 2 .7
5 6 .1
5 5 .5
7 1 .0
5 0 .6
2 6 .3
2 3 .4
20. 1
20. 1
7 .9
2 4 .8
5 5 .5
3 6 .7
1 3 .8
2 3 .4
2 .7
1 7 .4
M
anufacturing
P
ublic
utilities *
W
holesale
trade
R
etail trade
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 3 .2
1 3 .2
5 1 .6
4 9 .5
6 5 .2
64. 1
7 7 .3
6 9 .1
3 8 .8
3 8 .8
1 9 .6
1 7 .8
9 .0
4 .2
3 .7
4 4 .7
6 .5
5 6 .4
6 5 .2
1. 1
2 .2
1. 2
S
ervices
All 2
in stries
du
Daily overtim e
W orkers in establishm ents providing
premium pay
Tim e and one-half _
Effective after le ss than 8
hours
Effective after 8 hours _____________
Effective after m ore than 8
hours
,u
„
_.
Double t i m e ___ _________________________
Other 3
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no prem ium pay or having rio p o l ic y ___
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3. 0
_
_
-
-
3. 9
8 .3
-
3 8 .8
_
_
-
1 7 .8
1 .9
3 .7
.6
2 0 .5
6 3 .7
4 3 .9
2 9 .0
7 3 .7
7 9 .9
8 6 .8
4 8 .4
3 4 .8
2 2 .7
6 1 .2
8 0 .4
9 6 .8
8 4 .4
9 9 .1
9 2 .5
9 9 .0
7 8 .6
100. 0
9 5 .0
8 7 .5
8 2 .6
9 8 .3
7 3 .4
8 7 .5
8 5 .3
9 8 .2
9 7 .1
9 6 .2
9 3 .3
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
7 0 .0
6 6 .3
8 .5
7 5 .9
.2
9 2 .2
3 6 .7
4 1 .9
9 5 .0
2 .7
7 9 .9
1 1 .3
6 2 .1
3 .7
7 7 .9
6 .5
9 0 .5
6 7 .2
1 0 0 .0
_
6 2 .3
_
_
6 .6
_
_
2 0 .5
_
5 .0
_
_
4 .9
_
_
2 4 .9
3 .7
_
_
1 .1
2 6 .1
_
1 2 .4
3 .2
.9
1 2 .5
1.7
1 .8
3 .8
1. 1
Weekly overtim e
W orkers in establishm ents providing
prem ium p a y ______________________________
Tim e and one-half
Effective after le ss than 40
Vnn -rs
i
Effective after 40 h o u r s ____________
Effective after m ore than 40
hours
_
_____
Double t i m e ______________________________
Other 3 _____________ ___________ _________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no prem ium pay or having no p o l ic y ___
1
.
0
2. 1
1 2 .5
2 .9
_
_
_
4. 1
3 .7
3 0 .0
* Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Includes provisions for a specified number of overtime hours at either (l) no pay, (2) regular rate, or (3) a premium rate; and premium pay at another rate thereafter.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance,, and real estate.
Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Ga. , March 1954
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table B-7: Rate of Pay for Holiday W ork
PER C EN T OF O FFIC E W O RKERS EM PLO YED IN —
Pay provision
All workers
_
__
_
__
__
All
industries
__
___
Workers in establishments with pay
provisions for work on paid
holidays1
3
2
_
----------------
__
_
_
Regular rate only
Time and one-half
_ -----Double time
__
_
Double time and one-half __ _ __ ___
Triple time
Equal time off____________________________
Other plan
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
PE R C E N T OF PLANT W O RK ER S EM PLO YED IN—
Finance**
All
2
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
6 3 .2
8 5 .9
8 7 .7
7 6 .6
3 9 .7
3 6 .8
6 6 .3
7 6 .6
8 9 .4
8 2 .6
3 9 .5
1 1 .8
4 2 .1
7 .6
8 .9
6 8 .7
5 .0
.7
5 .7
5 0 .9
7 .0
.6
.6
.8
3 .7
6 5 .0
6 .9
1 .1
-
1 6 .0
2 .9
5 .4
1 3 .9
4 6 .9
1 7 .7
2 0 .5
5 .2
3 .6
Services
1 0 0.0
1 3 .5
_
.
1. 1
8 0 .5
-
_
1 8 .2
44. 1
14. 3
_
.
3 .3
2 0 .2
1 6 .2
2 4 .8
7'. 0
5 .0
-
-
-
-
-
-
1 .4
.5
3 .4
-
2 .9
3 .2
-
-
-
Workers in establishments with no
formal policy
3 6 .3
14.1
1 2 .3
Workers in establishments with no
paid holidays
.4
2 3 .4
5 9 .7
6 3 .2
.6
1 Includes data for se rv ic e s in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Includes holiday pay and rate for work on paid holiday.
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroad s), communication, and other public u tilitie s.
♦♦Finance, in surance, and real estate.
Services
6 .2
1 0 .9
6 8 .9
-
_
2 8 .7
4 0 .7
1 3 .2
-
-
3 .4
-
3 .7
18.6
1 1 .9
3 .2
2 .2
Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Ga. , March 1954
U .S . DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
20
Table B-8:
Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
PER C EN T OF O FFICE W ORKERS EM PLO YED IN —
Item
PE R C E N T OF PLANT W O R K ER S EM PLO YED IN —
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
100
100
100
100
100
84
3
81
16
71
2
69
29
75
5
70
25
68
68
32
Services
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
100
100
100
100
100
84
33
50
16
91
44
47
9
98
26
72
2
74
14
60
26
59
5
55
41
100
100
100
100
100
81
19
12
3
4
All
j
industries
77
23
19
4
96
4
96
4
1
45
57
All
2
industries
Services
WAGE STRUCTURE FOR T IM E
R ATED W ORKERS3
A ll workers __________________________________
Form al rate structure __________________ ___
Single rate j_______________________________
Range of rates ___________________________
Individual r a t e s ______________________________
100
74
2
72
26
73
2
70
27
-
METHOD OF WAGE P A Y M E N T FOR
PL AN T WORKERS
A ll workers __________________________________
DATA
Time workers _______________________________
Incentive w o r k e r s ___________________________
Piecew ork _______________________________
Bonus work ______________________________
Com m ission ______________________________
NOT
COLLECTED
_
_
4
3
79
21
1
4
16
72
32
4
_
LA B O R -M A N A G E M E N T A G R E E M E N T S 4
W orkers in establishm ents with
agreements covering a m ajority
of such w o rk e r s__________________
20
5 45
45
1 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Estim ates for office w orkers are based on total office employm ent, w hereas estim ates for plant w orkers are based on tim e-ra ted em ployees only.
4 Estim ates relate to all w orkers (office or plant) employed in an establishm ent having a contract in effect covering a m ajority of the w orkers in their resp ective category.
The estim ates
so obtained are not n e c e ssa rily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by provisions of labor-m anagem ent agreem ents due to the exclusion of sm alle r size
establishm ents.
5 A 45-percent estim ate of agreement coverage of office w orkers in the Atlanta metropolitan area re fle cts mainly such coverage in one large establishm en t.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u tilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real e sta te .
Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Ga. , M arch 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF LABO R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
BOSTON,
Nonagricultural wage and salary employment (including gov
ernment) in the Boston area averaged 977, 000 workers in 1953.
Nearly a third of these workers were employed in manufacturing
and a fourth were in trade.
Service industries, such as hotels,
laundries, dry-cleaning establishments, and educational institutions,
accounted for an eighth of total employment in the area.
Among
the manufacturing industries, large groups of workers were found in
firm s manufacturing electrical and nonelectrical machinery, leather
and leather products such as footwear, and printing and publishing.
This annual study of wages and related benefits presents
data collected from 249 establishments employing 210,000 workers,
which were selected to represent more than 1,200 establishments
employing about 4 0 0 ,0 0 0 workers in 6 major industry groupings.
(See table following.)
Wage Structure
Nearly three-fourths of the plant workers employed in the
industries within the scope of the survey in Boston were paid on
a time rate as distinguished from an incentive basis.
Incentive
system s of pay were important only in the manufacturing and r e tail-trade industry groups.
Over five-sixths of the tim e-rated
plant workers were in establishments with formal rate structures
and over half of these workers were in establishments in which the
rate structure provided for a range of rates for each job c la ssifi
cation. Services was the only industry group studied in which over
half of the tim e-rated plant workers were in establishments with
single rates for each job classification.
About four-fifths of the office workers were in establish
ments with form al wage structures, and in nearly all of these cases
a range of rates for each job classification was provided.
Form al wage structures which also provided for classifying
jobs into a series of labor grades covered plant jobs in 30 establish
ments and office jobs in 49 of the 249 establishments studied. Labors
grade system s were distributed among a variety of manufacturing
as well as nonmanufacturing industries.
Only 21 of the 249 e s
tablishments studied had labor-grade systems covering both plant
and office jobs.
Occupational Pay Levels
Average weekly salaries of women secretaries, general
stenographers, and routine copy typists had increased from $58,
$49 . 50, and $41 . 50, respectively, in March 1953, the date of an
earlier Bureau survey in Boston, to $ 6 l , $ 5 2 .5 0 , and $ 4 3 .5 0 in
March 1954. For most of the office jobs studied increases in aver
age salaries ranged from $ 1. 50 to $3 per .week during this period.
MARCH
1954
Straight-time average hourly earnings for the skilled mainte
nance trades studied ranged from $ 1 . 7 7 for painters to $ 2 .2 3 for
tool-and-die m akers.
Maintenance carpenters, machinists, and
pipefitters averaged $ 2 . 0 5 , 13 cents more than automotive m e
chanics but 2 cents less than the average for electricians.
Average
pay levels for m ost of the skilled trades were 10 or 11 cents higher
than in March 1953.
Among the lower paid plant jobs studied men janitors aver
aged $ 1 .2 9 , laborers handling m aterials $ 1 .4 9 , order fillers $ 1 . 4 7 ,
and watchmen $ 1 . 3 2 .
N um erically, these occupations were among
the most important studied. Straight-time average hourly earnings
of truckdrivers ranged from $ 1. 51 on light trucks to $1. 92 on heavy
trailer trucks. Pay levels for the custodial and material-movement
jobs were generally 5 to 7 cents higher than in March 1953.
Manufacturing pay levels generally exceeded those in non
manufacturing for sim ilar jobs.
Among 28 office jobs permitting
comparison, workers in 26 had higher average weekly salaries in
manufacturing. Secretaries and routine copy typists, for example,
averaged $66 and $47, respectively, in manufacturing, and $59 and
$42. 50 in nonmanufacturing. Sim ilarly, pay levels for 21 of the 26
plant jobs permitting comparison were higher in manufacturing e s
tablishments.
Cost-of«-Living and Annual Improvement Adjustments
Ten of the 249 firm s studied reported provisions for peri
odic adjustment of wages based on changes in the cost of living.
Two plans applied to plant workers only, 1 to office workers, and 7
covered both groups. Six firm s reported annual improvement (pro
ductivity) provisions; 5 of these were found, in establishments that
also reported cost-o f-liv in g adjustments.
Labor-Management Agreements
Three-fourths of the plant workers in the surveyed industry
and establishm ent-size groups were employed in establishments
having labor-management agreements that covered a majority of
their plant workers. Highest proportions of plant-worker coverage
were found in manufacturing and public utilities. Nearly a sixth of
the office workers were in establishments with agreements covering
a majority of such workers. Four-fifths of the office workers in
public utilities were so covered.
Work Schedules
Three-fourths of the plant workers in Boston were sched
uled to work a 40-hour week in March 1954; longer hours were in
effect for about an eighth of the plant workers. A majority of the
22
office workers, on the other hand, were scheduled to work less than
40 hours a week. Three-fifths of the office workers in public utili
ties and the finance group and about half in the service group had
schedules of 2 7l hours a week or le s s 0
> lz
ferentials for second-shift workers (accounting for four-fifths of
extra-shift employment) were m ost commonly 10 cents, 5 cents,
and 13 cents.
Most of the shift workers in plants with percentage
differentials received a 10-percent payment in addition to their reg
ular rates.
Overtime Pay
Paid Holidays
Prem ium pay for work after the regular workweek was
provided for nearly all plant and office workers, Generally, time
and one-half was paid after 40 hours or less<>
Prem ium pay for
daily overtime was provided for three-fourths of the plant workers,
generally time and one-half after 8 hours. L ess than half of the of
fice workers were employed in establishments with a policy of pay
ing a premium rate for daily overtime to office workers.
Shift Operations
About an eighth of the plant workers in Boston manufactur
ing firms were employed on evening or night shifts at the time of the
survey.
Virtually all shift workers received extra pay for shift
work. The differential was about evenly divided between cents-per hour and percent additions to first-sh ift rates. Cents-per-hour dif
Paid-holiday provisions were an established part of the
wage policy of firm s employing virtually all office and plant work
e rs. Three-fourths of the office workers were provided 10 or more
paid holidays. A fourth of the plant workers received 10 or more
paid holidays annually, another fourth received 7 days, and m ost of
the remainder were provided 6, 8, or 9 days. Among the industry
groups studied, nine-tenths of the office workers in public utilities,
wholesale trade, and the finance groups, and two-thirds of the plant
workers in public utilities and wholesale trade, were in firm s pro
viding 10 or more holidays annually.
About seven-eighths of the
plant and four-fifths of the office workers in Boston were in estab
lishments which made provision for extra pay for work perform ed
on a paid holiday. Double time (including holiday pay) was the most
common provision.
Establishments and Workers Within Scope of Survey and Number Studied in Boston, Mass. , 1 by Major Industry Division, March 1954
Number of establishments
Industry division
Minimum size
establishment
in scope of
study 2
Studied
Within
scope of
study
Studied
Total
Office
1, 208
249
398, 800
210,060
46,670
101
-
466
742
81
168
208, 700
190,100
101,960
108, 100
15,510
31,160
101
51
101
51
51
66
200
125
161
190
26
38
36
31
37
34,800
24,000
61,900
42,400
27,000
27, 370
7,910
39,530
23,860
9 ,430
4 ,620
2,490
4,080
18, 310
1,660
All divisions.................... .....................................................................................................—
Manufacturing_____________________________________________________ ______________
Nonmanufacturing---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- -------................. .
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication,
and other public utilities _______________________________________________ ____
Wholesale trade ............... ................................................................................................
Retail tra d e ................................................... -....................................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................................................... ................
Services3 ------------------- ---------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------- ---------
Within
scope of
study
Workers
1 The Boston Metropolitan Area (Suffolk County, 14 communities in Essex County, 28 in Middlesex County, 17 in Norfolk County, and 2 in Plymouth County).
2 Total establishment employment.
For wage study purposes, all outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and
motion-picture theaters are considered as one establishment.
3 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and en
gineering and architectural services.
Paid Vacations
Virtually all workers, plant and office, were in establish
ments having form al provisions for paid vacations.
Vacation pay
was based on the worker*s regular rate for a specified period of
tim e for all except about a tenth of the plant workers, mainly in
manufacturing, who received a percentage of annual earnings pay
ment and a relatively few workers receiving a combination of time
payment plus a percentage payment. Vacation provisions were gen
erally more liberal for office workers than for plant workers. Of
fice workers typically received 2 weeks1 vacation with pay after a
year*s service and 3 weeks after 15 years1 service; nearly a fourth
were in offices that provided 4 weeks or more to employees with 25
y ea rs1 service. Plant workers with a year of service more com
monly received 1 week than 2 weeks1 vacation with pay but this situ
ation was reversed for employees who had completed 2 years of
service. Tw o-thirds of the plant workers were employed by firm s
that provided at least 3 weeks1 vacation with pay to plant workers
with 15 years of service.
Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
Nearly all plant and office workers were in establishments
which paid at least part of the cost of some form of employee health,
insurance, or pension plan. Life insurance, available to nine-tenths
of the office workers and five-sixths of the plant workers, was the
most common plan provided. Hospitalization and surgical insurance
were the only other plans provided to over half of both plant and
office workers. Sickness and accident insurance was available to
three-fourths of the plant workers as compared to about a half of
the office workers, but a half of the office workers were employed
in establishments with sick leave plans as compared with about a
fifth of the plant workers.
Pension plans for office workers were in effect in estab
lishments that accounted for three-fourths of the office workers in
the Boston A rea. About half of the plant workers were in estab
lishments with pension plans covering plant workers.
A: Occupational Earnings
Table A-l: Office Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Boston, M ass. , by industry division, March 1954)
A
verage
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Num
ber
of
w
orkers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
1
$
$
$
$
1
$
$
$
%
$
$
$
$
S
$
$
W
eekly
W
eekly 3 0 . 0 0 3 2 . 5 0 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 5 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 . 5 0 5 5 . 0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 * 8 5 .0 0 * 9 0 .0 0 * 9 5 . 0 0
earnings
hours
and
and
(Standard) (Standard) under
3 2 . 5 0 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 5 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 . 5 0 5 5 . 0 0 15 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 o ver
Men
C l e r k s , accounting, c l a s s A ______________
M a n u f a c tu r i n g ___ ____ ____ ________
N on m an uf ac tu rin g ______________________
Pu bli c ut ilities *
— _ _____ __ __
Wholesale tr ad e
_
_ _
____________ __ __ __ __
F in an ce * *
619
433
53
95
233
38.0
38.5
38.0
37.0
39.0
38.0
66.00
72.50
63.50
68.00
72.00
57.00
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
C l e r k s , accounting, c l a s s B ______________
Manufacturing __
Nonmanufacturing _ _
Pu blic ut ilities * _____________________
Wholesale tr ad e _____________________
295
115
180
33
79
38.5
38.0
39.0
37.5
40.5
58.00
$9.50
57.00
58.50
57.00
_
_
_
-
_
_
C l e r k s , file, c l a s s B __________________ ____
N on m an uf ac tu rin g ______________________
74
74
39.5
39.3
41.50
41.50
_
C l e r k s , o r d e r _____ __________ ________ _____
Manufacturing
Nonmanufactur ing _____________________ ...
Wholesale tr ade _____________________
381
115
266
243
39.0
r 38.4
39.5
39.5
68.00
65.50
69.00
70.00
C l e r k s , p a y r o l l ____________ __ __ __ _
Nonmanufacturing
103
57
38.5
39.0
72.00
68.50
Office b o y s _________________________ _______
Manufacturing _
Nonmanufactur i n g ____________________ _
Pu blic util iti es * _____________________
Whole sale t r a d e _____________ _______
F in an ce * * _________________________ ____
S e r v i c e s __ __ ____
__ _
___
751
211
540
38
113
210
150
38.5
39.0
38.0
39.5
39.0
36.5
39.0
Tabulating - m ach in e oper ato r s ____________
Manufactur i n g ___ __ ___________
Nonmanufacturing __ __
F i n a n c e * * __________________________
360
-
_
_
-
11
1
10
8
21
1
20
_
_
20
67
49
1 ------ T~
64
48
5
5
11
1
55
28
37
5
24
65
10
55
2
2
47
36
71
29
- — F r ------ T 5 ~
17
43
29
2
2
4
20
14
5
11
20
23
8
15
8
-
4
4
_
-
25
7
18
_
1
35
9
26
_
22
26
19
7
6
1
27
6
21
10
21
4
17
3
11
14
10
4
_
2
31
14
17
16
14
8
6
5
1
11
11
9
9
1
1
8
8
3
3
1
1
3
3
_
_
-
-
2
2
_
_
“
_
-
3
$
-
6
6
-
7
6
1
-
2
2
2
29
3
26
20
21
5
16
16
22
6
16
8
23
i9
15
4
4
_
_
_
2
_
-
-
10 ----- 12—«
j- j
6
_
-
1
1
_
-
1
i
-
-
40.00
42.00
39.50
38.50
45.00
40.00
35.50
57
5
52
_
11
12
26
46
7
39
6
5
16
7
213
40
173
5
20
64
75
131
37
94
20
14
39
20
89
43
46
3
1
20
18
68
10
58
2
16
39
1
72
39
33
17
9
2
13
8
5
2 j
_
1
38.5
39.5
38.0
37.5
60.50
58.00
61.50
57.50
_
_
-
-
~
1
1
1
5
4
1
1
7
_
“
2
2
-
7
5
47
25
22
12
27 3
141
56
38.5
38.5
38.5
39.5
38.5
48.00
49.50
47.00
52.00
38.00
12
12
_
11
4
4
_
3
9
9
1
5
56
11
45
8
17
23
7
16
9
-
126
55
71
50
8
268
55
213
69
38.0
39.0
38.0
38.0
47.00
49.00
46.50
41.50
3
_
3
3
1
_
1
15
12
-
-
m
r
T T o~
240
112
-
_
-
-
1
1
-
1
1
_
-
-
1
1
31
31
_
_
-
_
-
_
_
_
-
-
'
------ T ~
37
14
12
2
1
1
-
3
3
1
14
5
9
7
2
-
-
9
1
8
_
8
-
10
2
8
8
22
10
12
6
19
2
17
‘16
48
18
30
17
15
6
9
7
-
22
1
21
2
6
9
70
61
9
7
2
-
36
33
11 ------ I T
22
12
5
18
_
4
4
1
29
14
15
13
“
19
5
14
_
12
-
24
7
17
6
1
18
4
14
13
9
2
7
5
-
13
8
5
5
-
15
8
7
_
2
2
2
-
2
2
_
-
12
4
8
1
-
2
_
2
_
-
2
2
1
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
13
13
13
6
7
7
24
7
17
14
24
6
18
18
68
19
49
49
26
10
16 j
12
5
7
9
4
5
5
6
_
6
6
2
4
11
~ --------T
8
5
7
3
6
1 —
17
1
16
16
-
_
_
-
5
5
_
5
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
17
4
13
2
47
19
28
9
15
10
5
5
-
22
22
21
-
_
18
7
11
2
2
£
;
—
t
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
31
4
27
16
13
41
5 ------ T8T
8
23
5
"
71 1
8
63
58
7
V
1
-
17 j
2 i
7
7
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_;
_j
.
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
18
—
16
14 |
13
-------- r
_
_
_
-
1
_
1
-
3
_
3
-
.
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
-
.
_
_
_
-
_
-
_
_
_
1
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
Tr
ie
1
12
Women
B i l l e r s , machine (billing m a ch in e) _______
Manufacturing _____
__
______
Nonmanufacturing ____
Whole sale t r a d e ______________________
R e ta i l trade __________________________
B i l l e r s , machine (bookkeeping
mach in e) _______
_
TT
M a n u f a c tu r i n g __________________________
Nonmanufacturing
R e ta i l trad e
_
.
435
162
15
14
See footnote at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication, and other public utilities
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
29
------ j ~
26
_
12
12
9 ;
43
65
_ ---- TB
25
65
18
7
37
~~TZ—
15
7
58
32 ------ 5 _
r
—
— z r l ------37T
36
2
35
1
16
------ 5
10
6
17
11
n r ------ 5 ~
7
6
-
-
-
13
2
11
11
-
_
_
-
24
6
4
4
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
4
1
2
24
5
14
------- 7 T
6
12
3
2
1
-
_
_
O ccupational Wage Survey, B oston, M a s s ., M arch 1954
U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR
Bureau of L abor Statistics
T a b le A - l: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(Average s tr a i g h t- ti m e weekly h ou rs and ea rn in g s 1 for s e l e c te d occup ati ons studied on an a r e a
b a s i s in B o s to n , M a s s . , by industry division, M a r c h 1954)
D
NUMBER < F WORICERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS O
F-
A AE
vei G
S ex , occupation and indus try divi si on
Num
ber
of
w
orkers
S
S
$
$
$
s
S
$
$
S
$
1
S
$
$
*
t
S
t
W
eekly
W
eekly 3 0 . 0 0 3 2 . 5 0 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 5 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 . 5 0 5 5 . 0 0 5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0
hours
earnings
and
and
(Standard) (Standard) under
3 2 . 5 0 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 5 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 . 5 0 5 5 . 0 0 5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 over
Women - Continued
Bo o k k ee p i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s A ______________ ______________________
Manufacturing
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________
243
95
148
38.5
39.5
38.5
$
55.50
56.00
55.00
-
-
*
-
3
3
-
Bo o k k e e p i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s B ___ ________________________________
Manufacturing
Nonmanufacturing
. _ ...................
W h ol es al e tr a d e _____________________
R e t a i l tr a d e
.... _ . _ _ ..........
F i n a n c e * * ___________________________
1 .5 2 0
436
1,084
259
284
515
38.5
38.5
38.5
39.0
38.5
38.0
49.00
54.00
46.50
54.00
45.00
44.00
17
_ 17
_
8
9
10
65
5
60
_
25
35
83
7
76
_
14
62
206
15
191
22
50
113
4
4
-
2
2
-
5
5
3
2
-
3
3
3
_
-
153
3
150
10
122
13
5
C l e r k s , acc ounting, c l a s s A
Man ufacturing
. . .
_
Nonmanufacturing
.
.......
P u b l i c u t il i ti e s *
W h ol es a le tr a d e
R e t a i l tr ad e
F i n a n c e * * ___________________________
S e r v i c e s ____ ___________ ____________
1 .2 0 6
355
851
95
136
144
363
113
38.0
39.5
38.0
38.5
38.5
38.0
37.5
36.5
59.50
62.50
58.50
63.50
64.50
55.50
55.50
58.00
C l e r k s , accoun ting , c l a s s B ______________ 2 , 2 4 1
Manufacturing _ __ __ __ __ __ __ „ __
439
Nonmanufacturing _ __
__ __ __ __ 1 , 8 0 2
Pu b l i c u t i l i t i e s *
_ _
333
W h ole sa le tr a d e ______________________
281
R e t a i l tr a d e
428
F i n a n c e * * __ ____ ____ ____ _ __
626
134
S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------
39.0
39.5
38.5
38.5
39.0
38.5
38.5
38.5
47.50
5 1. do
46.50
54.50
49.00
42.50
44.50
48.50
C l e r k s , fi l e , c l a s s A
_
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________
W h ol es al e tr ad e
F i n a n c e * * ___________________________
39.0
39.5
39.0
39.5
38.5
50.50
52.00
50.00
59.00
47.00
C l e r k s , f il e, c l a s s B ____________ _________ 2 , 0 7 2
Manufactur i n g _________________________ _
418
Nonmanufactur i n g ________________________ 1 , 6 5 4
66
P u b l i c u t il i ti e s * _______________ _____
W h ole sa le tr a d e _____________________
140
R e ta i l t r a d e __________________________
146
Finance * *
.
.
. _
1, 109
S e r v i c e s _____________________________
193
38.5
39.5
3 8 .0
39.0
39.5
38.5
38.0
37.5
C l e r k s , o rd e r _____________________________
Manufacturing
..............
Nonmanufacturing
_ _ . ._ . .
Wh ole sa le tr ad e _____________________
Re ta i l tr ad e __ __ ________ ____ __
39.0
39.0
39.0
39.5
38.5
393 ...
80
313
55
190
6 39
302
337
200
111
.
_
.
_
_
10
1
9
.
_
j---------- i________
See footnote at end of ta b le .
* T ransportation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
** F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and rea l esta te.
7
2
5
_
4
1
_
2
_
1
1
_
17
17
16
_
_
_
1
40
5
35
33
2
_
_
16
15
1
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
1
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
13
1
12
11
-
10
3
7
_
7
1
_
1
_
7
1
6
5
-
1
_
1
1
-
1
_
1
1
-
7
2
5
5
_
-
1
1
1
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
6
6
-
1
1
-
151
42
109
9
11
3
43
43
96
28
68
25
4
1
34
4
81
27
54
10
5
10
17
12
64
32
32
3
5
16
5
3
273
90
183
59
31
24
51
18
135
21
114
19
55
25
5
10
170
26
144
93
13
12
_
26
55
22
33
14
9
8
2
54
22
12
5
2
2
1
45
31
14
6
7
1
-
8
1
7
3
_
4
_
44
23
21
1
11
41
12
29
7
16
38
12
26
20
22
8
14
_
6
17
3
14
_
9
27
_
27
17
8
11
4
7
_
2
120
32
88
4
14
24
38
8
58
14
44
7
1
23
13
35
6
29
2
5
22
-
87
75
12
4
1
7
18
16
2
2
"
7
7
-
5
2
3
1
2
"
55
23
32
13
14
70
42
28
22
6
56
36
20
15
5
54
40
14
14
75
26
49
48
1
23
21
2
2
19
17
2
2
204
69
135
21
35
22
39
18
34
2
32
2
28
51
2
49
_
41
23
5
18
5
11
39
4
35
5
22
200
42
158
15
39
4
72
28
46
23
23
19
4
120
57
63
25
25
18
10
8
_
8
_
_
105
40
65
5
12
45
3
395
87
308
14
56
36
179
23
21
1
20
4
16
28
15
13
2
6
4
1
-
183
69
114
4
14
23
40
33
220
17
203
2
39
21
132
9
32
32
24
26
15
11
4
5
81
17
64
2
10
8
41
3
297
27
270
16
36
88
110
20
6
6
6
80
23
57
19
31
2
4
1
27
1
26
26
_
-
175
13
162
15
1
59
86
1
10
10
_
10
-
6
4
2
2
_
-
107
14
93
2
19
20
52
-
49.50
50.50
48.00
54.00
40.00
-
1
1
_
_
1
95
3
92
10
2
29
51
-
307
46
261
4
23
6
223
5
-
5
2
3
2
_
1
50
15
35
7
7
21
-
135
6
129
47
82
-
-
153
126
27
26
_
-
12
3
9
4
5
335
89
246
29
40
18
112
47
_
_
_
_
_
47
28
19
6
10
11
11
4
2
_
5
460
66
394
4
26
272
92
_
_
_
_
_
92
62
30
20
7
2
133
35
98
18
47
28
297
15
282
4
20
258
-
1
_
1
1
_
-
170
74
96
41
38
17
39.50
“ 4.00
4
38.50
44.50
43.50
36.50
38.00
39.00
2
_
2
2
_
2
2
"
154
20
134
60
15
55
-
4
_
4
4
_
-
11
7
4
222
39
183
28
42
107
-
-
19
3
16
122
18
104
1
37
66
11
11
9
-
3
3
52
26
26
2
2
_
_
_
39
28
11
26
5
21
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
33
7
26
27
9
18
14 --------r
14
3
11
9
—
n r
-
1
1
_
2
i
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
14
3
11
11
11
1
10
10
_
_
_
20
5
15
15
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
'
26
Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Boston, M a s s ., by industry division, March 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
Average
Sex , occupation, and industry divi sion
Women - Continued
Num
ber
of
w
orkers
$
S
s
$
s
$
1
t
S
S
t
S
$
S
W
eekly
W
eekly l o . o o 3 2 . 5 0 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 5 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 . 0 0 5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0
earnings
hours
and
and
(Standard) (Standard) under
3 2 . 5 0 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 5 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 . 5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 ove r
C l e r k s , pay ro ll
__ __ __
_ _
Manuf actur i n g __________________________ _
Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ ____ , __ _ —
Pu bl ic util iti es * _____________________
Wh olesale tr ad e
_
_
R e t a i l t r a d e __________________________
F i n an c e * *
_
_ __
S e r v i c e s _____________________________
*
54.00
39.0
1,421
863 ' 3 9 7 0 " 5 4 . 5 0
38.5
53.50
558
56.50
141
38.0
70
39.0
61.50
4 8 .50
152
38.0
61
37.5
53.50
134
39.0
52.00
Com ptom eter o p e r a t o r s _______________'____
M a n u f a c tu r i n g ___________________________
Nonmanufactur ing _______
Wholesale tr ad e
R e ta il trad e _ _ . . __ _ _ ____
Fi n an c e * * ___________________________
1.453
502
951
188
47 3
147
38.5
39.0
38.0
39.0
38.0
37.5
132
u
66
Key-punch o p er a to r s _________ __________ _
M a n u f a c tu r i n g ___________________ __ _____
N on m an uf ac tu ri n g ______________________
Pu bl ic u t i l i t i e s * _____________________
Wholesale tr ad e
_
_ __
F in an ce * * __________________________
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
-
49.00
52.50
4 7 .50
54.00
4 5.00
45.00
13
13
12
1
39.0
39.5
38.5
45.00
46.50
43.00
1. 140
412
728
109
90
454
38.5
39.5
38.0
39.0
39.0
37.5
Office g i r l s
_
_
_ __
__ __ __
Manufacturing
____
Nonmanufacturing
F in an ce * * ___________ _______________
533
183
350
225
S e c r e t a r ies
M a n u f a c tu r i n g ___________________________
N on m a n uf a ct ur in g ______________________
P u bl ic ut ili tie s *
__ __ __ __
Wholesale t r a d e _____________________
R e ta i l t r a d e __________________________
F in an ce **
_
__ __ __
S e r v i c e s „„
__ ___ __
34
9
2
10
11
2
147
93
54
11
5
10
11
17
128
102
26
9
1
9
1
6
203
137
66
32
6
10
2
16
44
31
13
6
2
1
4
25
11
14
6
1
_
7
15
4
11
2
4
_
4
1
58
37
21
13
4
_
3
1
28
11
17
4
12
_
_
1
3
1
2
_
1
_
_
160
70
90
19
53
10
126
63
63
17
35
2
134
91
43
1
24
7
73
51
22
58
10
3
7
4
1
-
28
19
9
2
4
1
20
5
15
13
2
-
13
6
7
6
_
1
7
_
7
6
_
1
8
4
4
19
6
13
13
11
2
7
7
-
2
2
-
_
_
-
_
_
~
_
-
154
31
123
12
20
87
83
41
42
2
36
135
81
54
5
3
33
80
28
52
6
7
38
79
66
13
2
6
2
70
41
29
4
12
3
55
12
7 ------ 5“
48
6
1
39
7
5
2
-
5
1
4
_
4
-
1
_
1
_
1
-
26
2
24
19
42
13
29
28
10
7
3
1
1
1
1
31
30
1
-
_
_
-
99
1
98
_
7
51
40
143
19
124
2
4
24
45
49
163
15
148
2
16
11
85
34
472
41
431
18
69
31
137
176
32
■ 30"
2
2
_
14
14
3
6
3
2
60
20
40
9
5
14
2
10
21
21
20
1
37
37
14
23
68
1
67
43
17
139
24
115
2
81
24
167
61
106
18
51
17
234
61
173
38
69
25
140
30
110
39
54
9
2
2
2
2
7
3
4
17
7
10
40
21
19
8
2
6
7
3
4
47.50
50.00
46.50
51.50
53.00
44.00
3
3
_
2
4
4
_
2
36
12
24
23
110
8
102
3
4
82
163
34
129
16
10
94
146
56
90
21
5
50
38.0
39.0
37.5
37.0
40.00
4 1. 66
39.00
39.50
19
5
14
9
38
4
34
12
129
34
95
72
97
15
82
45
140
73
67
38
4 . 110
1,269
2,841
241
513
247
1, 186
652
38.0
39.0
37.5
38.5
39.0
38.0
37.5
36.0
61.00
66.00
59.00
73.00
63.50
57.50
58.50
52.00
_
-
2
2
-
30
30
-
S te nog rap he rs, g en e ra l
_ _ _
_
Manufacturing-___________________________
N o n m a n uf a ct ur in g ______________________
Pu bl ic u til iti e s * _____________________
Wholesale tr ad e _____________________
R e ta i l trade
F in an ce * * ___________________________
Services
.............
3.2 5 9
1 ,3 2 6
1,933
211
569
249
655
249
38.5
39.0
38.0
38.5
39.0
38.0
37.0
38.5
52.50
54.00
51.00
55.50
57.00
47.00
48.00
47.00
St en og rap h er s, te ch n ic a l
M a n u f a c tu r i n g ________________ __ _______ _
N on m an u f ac t u ri n g _______________________
359
17 5
184
38.0
37.0
38.5
53.50
55.00
52.00
Dup licating-machine o p e r a t o r s
(mim eo gra ph or ditto)
Manufacturing . _
__ __ _
N on m a n uf a ct ur in g ______________________
"
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
14
16
-
149
1
148
1
34
113
_
2
23
50
114
229
---16 T 57“ ■ 5 T “
72
34
49
16
6
2
7
1
1
34
25
14
1
8
2
16
13
9
-
-
-
_
_
_
-
2
2
-
23
_
15
8
92
7
85
3
6
28
38
10
261
51
210
12
43
48
55
52
215
48
167
16
19
24
75
33
403
145
258
23
29
53
116
37
399
124
275
9
99
20
120
27
7
_
_
_
17
-
-
-
-
13
1
12
29
"3
26
23
8
15
_
7
-
17
127
43
84
11
16
17
12
28
136
lO t
_
Z
7
5
16
42
17
3
3
_
_
-
_
_
_
1
2
1
1
_
1
_
_
-
2
_
2
2
_
3
1
2
2
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
3
_
3
_
3
-
_
_
_
>
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
>
_
_
_
-
1
_
1
_
1
-
-
-
-
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
-
-
_
-
-
_
_
-
-
_
_
-
314
50
264
2
62
14
110
76
411
121
290
9
85
38
115
43
203
86
117
5
12
9
60
31
380
127
253
12
58
25
151
7
287
145
142
13
20
8
71
30
353
194
159
23
43
8
80
5
219
77
142
29
21
17
66
9
378
190
188
26
24
17
105
16
206
81
125
49
18
8
41
9
137
73
64
12
28
2
15
7
53
18
35
11
11
7
4
2
58
25
33
5
25
1
1
1
53
5
48
23
17
3
1
4
420
256
2o5"~ 138
118
214
17
15
57
19
24
30
53
83
27
7
288
130
158
21
73
2
40
22
222
133
89
23
15
_
41
10
354
272
82
33
22
3
13
11
68
33
35
14
14
4
3
-
72
13
59
8
35
10
1
5
57
12
45
11
31
3
89
10
79
6
73
_
32
3
29
5
1
4
_
_
_
29
_
4
_
_
_
1
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
31
21
10
32
10
22
38
6
4
2
13
7
6
5
1
4
3
1
2
_
_
_
41
33
8
101
73
28
.
_
— rr
25
_
_
_
'
See footnote at end of table,
* Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
* * Finance, in su ra n ce, and rea l esta te.
_
6
2
4
_
4
_
_
-
1
_
-
-
_
_
'
'
T a b le A-1: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t-t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a
b a s is in B o s t o n , M a s s ., b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
A eh q
v ab
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Number
of
workers
Weekly
Weekly
earnings
hours
(Standard) (Standard)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
$
s
$
s
$
S
s
i
$
$
S
$
S
S
$
io.oo $2.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00
and
and
tinder
32.50 35.00 37.50 4 0 .00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 over
Women - Continued
Switchboard operators
__
__ . .
Manufacturing
_
Nonmanufacturing
„
_ _ „ _
Public utilities * ___________________ _
Wholesale trade
____
R e t a i l tr a d e _________ __
Finance ** ______ ___ _ . . . ___________
S e r v ic e .---------------------------------------- ------
754
147
607
64
62
108
163
210
38.5
39.0
38.5
39.5
39.0
38.5
37.5
38.5
$
48.50
57.00
46.50
53.50
52.50
47.50
48.00
41.00
2
2
>
_
2
_
-
1
1
_
1
_
-
32
32
_
_
16
_
16
81
81
_
_
13
8
60
122
122
5
12
3
11
91
61
8
53
_
_
8
25
20
83
8
75
21
15
10
21
8
Switchboard operator-receptionists______
Manufacturing__________________________ _
Nonmanufarturing___ __ ...
Wholesale trade_____ _____ __ _______ _
Retail tr a d e ____ ____ ______ __________
Finance **
Services
__ ____ .. . ..
798
387
411
157
91
56
87
38.5
39.0
38.0
39.0
37.5
37.5
37.0
49.00
49.50
49.00
53.50
46.00
46.50
47.00
_
_
-
_
_
-
19
14
5
_
_
5
27
6
21
10
10
1
-
97
49
48
13
16
1
13
47
18
29
5
3
11
-
Tabulating-machine o p e r a to r s ________ ____
Manufactur in g ___ __ _ __
_ ______
Nonmanufacturing__ -____ ______________ _
___
_ _ _ _ _ _
Finance **
341
85
256
180
38.0
40.0
37.5
37.0
53.50
58.00
52.00
51.00
4
-
-
-
-
4
2
7
7
5
9
9
7
Transcribing-machine operators,
general __________ __ ___
__ ____ _____
Manufacturing___________________________
Nonmanufacturing_____
Wholesale trade ___________________ _
Finance ** ______ ____________________
905
37T
580
82
385
39.0
39.5
38.5
39.0
38.0
49.00
50.50
48.00
53.50
46.00
2
2
7
7
11
11
23
23
_
-
-
2
7
9
23
.
.
25
1
24
47
4
43
Typists, class A ___________________
Manufactur in g ___________________________
Nonmanufacturing__
____ . _
Wholesale trade _____________ _ __
Finance ** . __ , ------------- „------------- .
Services
— __
__
__ _
1,005
394
611
67
398
116
38.5
39.0
38.0
39.0
37.5
38.5
50.50
52.50
49.00
59.50
46.00
51.50
Typists, class B ______ ___________
Manufactur ing
_ ____
__ ___ _____
Nonmanufactur in g ____ ___ _______ __ _____
Wholesale trade
----Retail trade
__
_
_ __
Finance * * ___________________________
Services
----
3.954
927
3,027
375
217
1,599
494
38.0
39.5
37.5
39.0
38.5
37.5
37.0
43.50
47.00
42.50
47.50
41.50
41.00
40.00
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
54
1
53
1
35
16
1
89
1
88
-
3
84
1
_
53
5
48
6
_
4
37
1
90
13
77
_
17
9
47
4
57
26
31
3
1
25
_
2
39
19
20
5
1
1
8
5
28
13
13
9
_
_
1
3
45
27
18
4
_
11
3
-
20
7
13
_
6
5
2
-
11
1
10
10
_
_
_
14
10
4
1
3
-
149
64
85
9
21
25
30
118
34
84
43
13
11
16
130
87
43
15
17
11
30
20
10
1
_
7
-
54
31
23
7
11
_
5
47
41
6
4
_
_
2
30
7
23
21
_
_
-
10
2
8
5
_
_
3
23
14
9
7
_
_
2
34
2
32
22
16
16
12
24
3
21
21
59
8
51
38
34
4
30
27
53
16
37
24
19
4
15
8
41
36
5
2
15
8
7
-
134
100
----- ZTT 57
80
77
2
2
58
52
167
43
2T“
19
35
id
17
6
29
5
24
8
2
8
24
-
43
-
94
20
74
1
71
2
457
57
400
17
16
230
137
689
48
641
33
29
430
106
800
158
642
63
37
307
139
-
_
.
125
46
111
19
92
79
4
59
80
----- 30“
50
10
29
77
52
17
23
94
29
65
5
46
11
138
4d
90
2
70
16
119
73
4
49
15
113
33
80
8
40
31
71
38
33
11
9
8
572
149
423
91
27
253
42
467
116
351
72
23
19 2
33
179
93
86
12
31
26
4
167
88
79
13
12
13
17
84
47
37
6
1
13
8
46
67
----- 32“
35
10
18
_
13
51
35
16
170
129
41
_
_
9
6
30
9
218
144
74
8
49
20
29
X
_
21
_
_
14
6
63
2
61
20
2
_
1 H o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a l a r ie s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u rs ,
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
* * F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e .
5
_
5
_
5
-
8
7
1
_
1
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
16
_
16
16
_
_
1
_
1
1
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
19
2
17
12
4
_
4
-
3
2
1
-
_
_
_
_
-
2
_
2
2
-
21
17
4
4
-
2
_
2
2
-
9
_
9
4
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
27
6
21
6
4
8
9
_
5
_
7
_
3
3
_
_
9
6
1
1
5
4
7
6
3
3
3
3
_
-
1
-
-
-
6
29
3
26
26
11
11
20
_
20
2
„
_
_
6
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
_
-
_
_
_
11
_
_
1
1
«
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
T a b le A-2*. P ro fe s sio n a l a n d Te c h n ic a l O c c u p a tio n s
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a
b a s i s in B o s t o n , M a s s . , b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF -
Atxbaob
S e x , o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n
Number
at
workers
s
$
*
s
t
s
s
»
s
$
$
s
t
$
s
S
$
*
4 0 .0 0 4 5 .00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70.00 75. 00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00
<
Weekly
Weekly
warnings
hours
and
(Standard) (Standard) u n d e r
and
45. 00 50. 00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85. 00 90.00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 12a 00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.0(^ o v e r
M en
D r a fts m e n , l e a d e r __________________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g -------------------------------------------
215
101
40 .0
4 0 .0
$
116.00
124.00
-
D ra ft s m e n , s e n i o r ---------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g
. . . . .
. . . . .
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
— ------ --S e r v i c e . -----------------------------------------------
1,836
1,332
504
432
40.0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
87.00
87.00
86. 50
86. 50
-
670
546
124
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
66. 50
66. 50
66.00
D r a ft s m e n , s e n i o r __________________________
59
38. 5
74.00
N u r s e s , in d u s tr ia l ( r e g is t e r e d ) -----------O n e -n u r s e unit
. __ . ----M u ltip le -n u r s e unit _. . -----M a n u fa c t u r in g ----------------------------- ------------— __ -----O n e -n u r s e u n it ---------M u ltip le -n u r s e u n i t --------------------- -----N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g -----------------------------------O n e -n u r s e u nit
. _. -------- ----------
283
180
103
199
128
71
84
52
3 9 .5
39. 5
39.5
3 9.5
39 .5
4 0 .0
38.5
39.0
66.00
66. 50
66.00
67.00
67. 50
66. 50
64. 50
D r a ft s m e n , j u n i o r __________________________
M an u factu rin g
. — . __
— — N on m a n u fa ctu rin g
—
-----. —
"
~
“
“
1
1
1
1
”
_
1
1
24
40
6
24
3
29
23
11
6
10
1
28
26
8
"
-
2
2
-
“
“
37
36
1
“
63
48
15
14
280
224
56
40
95
53
42
40
449
370
79
70
246
145
101
97
326
176
150
134
57
21
36
25
83
76
7
6
22
13
9
6
26
24
2
"
90
88
2
-
16
14
2
"
7
7
-
13
12
1
”
24
23
1
“
13
11
2
74
63
11
140
123
17
52
32
20
172
159
13
80
80
43
15
15
1
1
_
_
49
28
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
16
3
6
5
7
1
14
74
49
25
60
40
86
69~
27
9
1
7
-
2
1
1
20
14
14
14
11
23
19
2
17
8
2
31
21
10
20
13
5
3
17
7
11
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
1
-
_
3
2
1
77
11
_
-
~
16
15
7
4
15
14
_
-
..
-
_
-
"
“
“
-
-
-
•
*
-
-
-
_
_
32
W om en
6 4 .0 0
3
7
-
4
5
3
30
15
15
15
6
9
4
1
10
15
1
4
-
1
1
1
15
11
2
9
9
o
72
58
4
2
2
2
5
5
4
2
1
-
H ou rs r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir s t r a ig h t - t im e s a l a r ie s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , B o s t o n , M a s s ., M a r c h 1954
U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s
Ta b le A -3 :
M a intena nce and P o w e rp la n t O c c u p a tio n s
(A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a
b a s is in B o s t o n , M a s s ., b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
Number
of
Worker*
Occupation and industry division
$
A era e ^nder $
v g
1.25 1.30
hourly
earning*
and
1.25 under
1.30 L 35
601
335
266
165
$
2.05
1.99
2.1 3
2. 34
Electricians, maintenance _ . . _
959
Manufacturing ___ ,__________ ___________ _ .....715
__ ___„_______ ___
Nonmanufacturing
244
Retail tra d e __________ _
52
2.07
2.09
2.01
1.96
.............. .
Engineers, stationary ... . , , ,
Manufacturing___________ _
... ... __
____ „
_____ ___ ______ _
Nonmanufactur in g
S e r v ic e s ___ __________
- ....... .
467
566
161
63
Firemen, stationary boiler _______________
Manufacturing _ ________ ____
Nonmanufacturing
Retail trade ~ - i —— ...— .... ..........
Services _ ____ ___ ... .
Helpers, trades, maintenance____________
Manufacturing_______
Nonmanufacturing____ _________
Public u tilitie s * ___________ _________
Wholesale t r a d e _______ __ ______ _
Retail trade
.
.....
Carpenters, maintenance
_ _ _
Manufacturing______ _____ ___ __________
...
_
Nonmanufacturing
Retail tra d e ______ _________________ , r
5
_
5
-
$
$
1.35 1.40
$
1.45
$
$
1.50 1.55
1.40
1.45
1.50
1.55
11
_
11
2
6
_
6
“
1.60
25
18
14“ — r
11
9
6
3
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
_
-
-
_
_
-
_
_
-
22
_
22
1
-
2.02
2.10
1.88
1.65
_
_
-
8
_
8
5
8
_
8
8
14
6
8
8
1
1
-
743
4^6
317
70
90
1.68
1.72
1.63
1.68
1. 46
66
6
60
14
8
60
42
18
2
16
31
_
31
3
16
7
7
_
_
32
28
4
4
15
_
15
_
10
a
*
_
1.238
898
340
157
57
64
1.66
1.67
1.63
1.71
1.60
1.56
27
11
16
1
5
8
32
31
1
1
_
49
46
3
_
_
35
29
6
6
31
19
12
_
6
55
28
27
10
1
7
117
84
53
31
1
19
.....
... 461
461
2.00
2.00
-
-
-
-
12
12
2
2
Machinists, maintenance..
Manufacturing_______________ _________ _
1.083
1,036
2.05
2.05
-
-
-
28
28
”
Mechanics, automotive (maintenance)__ _
Manufactur ing _
Nonmanufacturing
Public utilitie s * _____________________
Whole sa le tr a d e ___ r _ ______
Retail trade
766
175
591
367
76
143
1.92
2.03
1.88
1.87
2.05
1.84
5
_
5
_
5
-
1.292
1,049
243
106
73
1.97
1.96
2.01
2.08
1.89
34
34
Machine-tool operators, toolroom
Manufacturing------------------ --------- ....
Mechanics, maintenance
Manufacturing
Nonmanufacturing
Public utilities *
Retail trade
„T „
_
_
“
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
1
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
6
_
6
_
5
1
_
_
8
8
5
2
3
2
_
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
S ee fo o tn o te s at en d o f t a b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilitie s ,
15
14
1
*
19
14
5
5
*
■ *
6
6
-
-
_
_
-
NUM
BER O W
F ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM H U
E O RLY EARNINGS O —
F
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
%
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.00 2 .05 2.1 0 2.1 5 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 2.40 2.45
and
1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.00 2.05 2.10 2 . 15 2.20 2 25 2 30 2 35 2 40 2.45 over
1
_
1
-
6
4
2
-
20
16
16 “ T 5““
4
1
2
9
9
4
41
32
9
1
8
2
6
3
11
16
6 “ TT"
5
5
1
-
30
14
35
“ T T “ 7 T “ — 9“
21
9
21
-
33
92
32
23
—ZT“ ““67“ “ 73“ “ W
5
13
25
9
2
2
7
4
21
64
46
18
1
15
54
40
14
14
_
171
139
32
28
3
1
112
68
6
6
6
6
17
17
15
15
6
5
5
5
1
1
51
51
59
58
6
_
6
_
5
1
9
_
9
_
_
4
21
_
21
14
5
2
20
1
19
_
7
12
47
14
33
22
_
11
14
l4
13
T T
31
71
65
6
6
133
l3 l
2
59
87
44
44
15
43
1
6
1
10
_
_
_
_
2
_
2
25
20
5
1
80
62
18
7
49
14
35
14
14
6
8
7
7
5
2
-
57
25
44 ~ 7 T T
13
4
1
-
47
Z5“
22
22
54
40
14
7
97
b7
30
4
34
76
90
215
10
69
bi ~ T T — 5T " ~TT7T ----- T~ ----- 9“
6
33
27
3
32
1
1
-
24
4
20
8
36
28
8
-
19
18
1
-
42
32
10
-
35
23
12
5
16
12
4
"
15
14
1
-
15
13
2
-
6
4
2
-
58
31
27
-
50
22
28
3
70
20
50
25
8
5
3
3
71
49
22
_
12
8
4
4
4
4
_
_
4
_
4
_
_
_
_
8
2
6
4
36
28
ZF~ ~U S~
8
_
_
37
25
12
5
43
41
2
-
69
69
_
-
6
_
6
6
2
_
2
-
31
26
5
5
_
45
2
43
43
272
4
68
62
17
17
32
14 — nr- ~ T T
3
2
11
3
5
3
2
1
-
365
62
3
-
_
_
_
5
_ ----- 5“
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
146
112
34
30
4
218
206
12
12
_
25
17
8
_
8
18
_
18
17
1
1
_
1
_
_
1
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
18
18
50
50
17
17
20
20
20
20
51
51
161
161
66
66
-
-
-
-
-
86
n n r-
68
67
76
69
102
91
77
73
41
41
81
69
23
23
38
30
250
250
28
27
20
20
10
10
31
103
_
103
89
1
13
109
7
102
90
_
12
45
21
24
8
_
16
84
11
103
29
74
66
_
8
31
24
7
7
_
-
71
9
62
58
4
-
19
16
22
20
2
_
2
-
2
1
1
_
1
-
9
12
2
10
_
9
1
23
10
13
_
13
-
3
_
6
_
6
-
18
17
1
50
IS
35
75
63
12
65
105
77
28
26
2
143
125
18
15
3
68
104
49
96
30
28
2
1
1
211
197
14
10
27
7
20
2
47
30
17
12
2
10
10
44
12
4
28
_
_
2
1
_
27
-
10
73
13
_
60
39
26
7
19
19
16
1
3
_
1
2
8
8
3
_
4
33
3
15
6
9
3
9
_
-
8
8
_
_
18
8
10
5
1
Occupational Wage Survey, B oston, M ass. , M arch 1954
U. S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
Bureau o f Labor Statistics
Ta b le A - 3 :
M a inte na nc e and P o w e rp la n t O c cup a tio ns * C ontinue d
(Average hourly earnings1 for men in selected occupations studied on an area
2
basis in Boston, M ass., by industry division, March 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O ccu p a tion and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
Number
of
Workers
Average
hourly
earnings
$
$
U nder 1 .2 5 1 .3 0
and
f . 25 u nd er
1 .3 0 1 .3 5
M illw r ig h ts
____ _ _
____
__
M an u factu rin g ____________________________
287
287
$
1 .9 6
1 .9 6
O ile r s
276
225
51
1 .6 5
1 .5 9
1.8 7
19
19
N on m anufactur ing ________________________
P a in t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ---------- --M a n u factu rin g
_ __ ____
__
____
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________
P u b lic u t i li t ie s *
F in a n ce * *
_
S e r v ic e s ________________________________
1 .7 7
239
31
80
68
1 .6 2
1 .8 2
1 .6 0
1 .4 1
12
12
_
9
4
4
-
P ip e f it t e r s , m a in ten a n ce
M a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________________
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________
481
411
70
2 .0 5
2 .0 6
2 .0 2
-
-
P lu m b e r s , m a in ten a n ce ____________________
70
1 .9 1
.
_
S h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r s , m a in te n a n c e ________
M a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________________
147
133
-
T o o l-a n d -d ie m a k ers
__
M an u factu rin g __________________ ____ _____
1 ,4 0 8
1 ,4 0 6
2 .2 3
2 .2 3
$
1 .4 0
$
1 .4 5
$
$
%
1 .3 5
1 .5 5
1 .6 0
1 .4 0
1 .4 5
1 .5 0
1 .5 5
1 .6 0
407
TST" "1.98
2.66
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
14
14
13.
13
5
5
6
6
4
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .9 0
$
%
1 .8 5
1 .9 5
2 .0 0
$
2 .0 5
$
2 .1 0
$
2 .1 5
$
2 .2 0
$
2 .2 5
$
2 .3 0
$
2 .3 5
$
$
2 .4 0 2 .4 5
1 .6 5
1 .7 0
1 .7 5
1 .8 0
1 .8 5
1 .9 0
1 .9 5
2 .0 0
2 .0 5
2 .1 0
2 . 15
2 .2 0
2 .2 5
2 .3 0
2 .3 5
2 .4 0
2 .4 5
5
5
8
8
21
21
25
2$
3
3
22
22
35
5
5
43
43
-
58
58
30
30
6
6
3
3
-
9
9
11
11
68
68
17
17
25
25
7
4
3
11
11
21
20
1
10
10
38
13
25
18
18
3
15
4
7
3
46
21
25
10
15
5
10
4
5
19
11
19
22
68
5
4
1
10
_
-
11
1
_
2
66 '
8
2
_
3
3
_
_
11
11
_
_
_
4
8
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
14
14
9
30
52
32
32
61
1 .6 5
1 .7 0
-
~
9
9
_
9
4
4
_
4
18
18
18
-
_
-
-
-
1 .5 0
1 .7 5
1 .8 0
and
2 .0 4
-
$
25
---- 3“
22
28
28
2
_
9
13
11
10
-
-
-
-
6
_
-
-
3
1
_
-
-
I
-
7
9
---- 7“ ---- T~
14
4
10
2
6
2
2
-
1
1
-
7
~
~
7
1
-
38
36
_
36
---- T~ — Z~
_
1
1
-
25
14
T
IT"
17
17“ ---- T~
_
7J5~ — n r “ 3 5 “ “ 27“
2
38
2
1
3
29
14
-1 5
11
12
10
14
14
53
33“
40
126
40 "" 1 2 6 '
5
1
4
4
3
1
34
“ 14”
8
20
n r- “
1
1
2
2
18
2
1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
follows: 2 at $2.45 to $2.50; 10 at $2.50 to $2.70; 60 at $2.70 to $2.90.
Workers were distributed as follows: 11 at $2.45 to $2.50; 48 at $2.50 to $2.7 0; 2 at $2.70 to $2.90; 4 at $2.90 to $3.10,
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
♦♦Finance, insurance, and real estate.
2 Workers were distributed as
46
ZT"“ 45“
-
V
-
7
1
----- j -
2
"
“3 5 “
3
!
3
3
2
1
.
1
1
_
_
1
_
1
_
_
1
1
_
-
-
1
-
-
-
2 106
53“ ---- T~ 3 3 3 “
1
6
5
17
17
3
3
3
45
_
“35“
9
-
64
27
137
167
54“ T T ~ 3 3 7 “ 3 5 7 “
8
-----5“
2
2
_
-
1
1
195
195
-
38
38
13
13
-
-
_
15
15
-
1
43
43
*
4
4
4
“
430
50
430 n n r
Ta b le A -4:
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M o ve m e n t O c c u p a tio n s
(A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s * stu d ie d on an a r e a
b a s is in B o s t o n , M a s s . , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
Occupation and industry division
Nm
u ber
of
W ers
ork
A era e
v g
hu
o rly
ea in s Undei
rn g
$
0.90
$
$
$
$
0. 90 0. 95 1. 00 1.05
and
under
.9 5 1,00 1,05 1, io
NUM
BER O W
F ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM H U
E O RLY EARNINGS O —
F
9
9
$
$
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
$
9
9
9
9
9
9
$
1. 10 1. 15 1. 20 1. 25 1. 30 1. 35 1.40 1.45 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1.90 2.00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30
and
1, 15 1.20 1,25 1. 30 1,35 1,40 1, 45 1,50 1,55 1. 60 1,65 l t 70 1,75 It 80 J,&5 1.90 2, 99 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 over
Guards ____________________ _________________
Manufacturing ......................................... .......
Nonmanufacturing .........................................
F in a n c e * * ____________________________
960
4io
350
263
$
1. 53
1. 59
1. 43
1.42
5
.
5
-
.
■
17
6
11
11
14
4
10
10
16
13
3
3
24
17
7
4
22
9
13
13
20
3
17
17
29
5
24
21
Janitors, porters, and cleaners (men) ___
Manufacturing .............................................. .
Nonmanufacturing_____________1_________
Public utilities * ........................................
Wholesale trade ................................... .
Retail trade ............................................ .
_ _
___________
F in a n c e * * ___
Services ......................................... ...........
4.380
1,923
2,457
383
154
717
960
243
1. 29
1. 40
1. 20
1.41
1. 34
1. 13
1. 20
.9 9
115
14
101
61
10
30
113
41
72
48
24
126
29
97
1
48
2
46
281
69
212
17
11
100
7
77
144
41
103
1
28
38
3
33
372
46
326
49
6
103
168
-
751
64
687
42
20
142
470
13
207
47
160
2
4
24
130
~
315
199
116
13
11
14
63
15
347
217
130
20
6
50
49
5
204
157
47
16
4
14
13
“
1. 13
1. 23
1. 11
. 92
l! 14
73
73
5 53
1
73
16
57
36
9
84
7
77
21
12
258
7
251
3
145
94
63
35
28
3
19
909
30
879
2
857
21
1
20
2
13
23
14
9
7
1
22
16
6
Finance** ..................................................
1, 753
285
1,468
127
1,098
Laborers, material handling _____ ________
Manufacturing______________ ____________
Nonmanufacturing_______________________
Wholesale trade ................. ................... .
Retail trade __________________________
5. 162
3, 352
1, 810
520
912
1.49
1.49
1. 50
1. 54
1.43
113
18
95
41
26
15
15
1
-
114
45
69
16
50
158
146
144
388
320
43
68
152
113
39
100
101
5
2,424
1. 47
1. 58
1. 39
1. 36
1.46
47
47
15
32
31
31
58
58
50
71
1
70
65
8
5
1.40
1.44
1. 33
1.47
1.09
74
48
12
62
-
34
14
173
154
19
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(women) ____ _______ _______________________
Manufacturing................... ..............................
___________
Nonmanufacturing
_
Order fillers _______________________________
Manufacturing----------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing_______________________
Wholesale trade _____________________
Retail tra d e __________________________
-----------T 7 T
1,447
1,024
423
1,954
Packers, shipping (men) _________________
Manufacturing___________________________
Nonmanufacturing_______________________
Wholesale trade______________________
Retail trade ________________________
Packers, shipping (women) _______________
Manufacturing___________________________
inunmanuidc
Receiving clerks -----------------------------------------Manufacturing________________ _______ ____________
Nonmanufacturing_______________________
Wholesale trade _________________ ____________
Retail trade _____________________________________
1 , 315
641
399
226
—
299
n r
1 60
856
399
457
181
220
5
87
5
26
1
1
12
12
10
2
-
49
45
41
12
9
3
48
48
■
20
11
9
10
62
1. 19
1. 26
1. 12
1 40
32
26
1. 52
1
.
68
1. 38
1. 51
1. 31
-
9
20
9
29
39
20
80
18
55
90
90
87
143
19
124
91
143
66
77
65
7
3
33
12
71
44
27
12
15
71
218
66
58
170
20
13
3
10
48
33
15
46
27
19
9
25
22
46
9
6
10
16
16
36
10
27
58
4
54
17
37
62
15
17
18
28
-
-
-
12
15
17
18
6
9
17
7
24
5
-
-
-
-
30
14
31
-
5
-
9
17
7
24
5
16
10
18
-
-
-
1
16
1
1
3
26
10
11
17
See footnotes at end o f tab le.
* T ransportation (exclu din g r a ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
** F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and rea l esta te.
193
159
34
14
-
-
1
10
17
19
27
144
45
11 ~ T r ~ n r
16
38
34
10
33
13
56
44
9
35
54
25
29
24
64
15
49
21
167
130
37
5
6
6
20
“
331
263
68
40
13
15
-
343
266
77
43
16
14
4
-
39
27
12
63
63
-
24
16
8
313
151
162
24
138
252
21 0
42
28
14
99
86
13
13
132
17
115
87
4
3
21
■
83
51
32
9
.
23
.
-
81
43
38
19
5
14
.
“
80
55
25
20
5
■
4
1
3
-
-
.
-
280 ' 466
257
306
160
23
131
19
2
29
528
256
272
60
419
184
235
12
226
206
73
133
133
256
225
31
23
"
8
149
3*
61
115
136
5
57
79
66
116
58
84
32
33
58
39
19
57
49
105
105
51
70
44
-
23
3
59
45
14
13
1
136
97
39
36
3
2
_
_
-
-
-
72
15
57
39
18
67
53
14
109
28
81
58
7
25
51
26
7
4
3
6
6
4
4
52
58
34
24
50
32
18
1
51
35
16
-
6
18
167
27
154 ------ T
13
21
21
9
65
r
24
17
39
TT s
22
22
8
171
-
2
228
163
65
63
160
151
2
8
9
1
47
47
"
19'
18
1
1
133
133
_
_
_
_
-
15
13
2
_
2
_
-
28
17
11
_
11
-
3
3
279
143
136
71
252
130
41
285
217
29
12
12
-
31
3
28
15
13
122
32
-
16
16
-
_
-
4
1
1
.
.
-
-
.
-
-
477
394
83
45
37
116
70
46
27
25
282
35
222
60
20
215
33
23
21
2
44
-
■_
.
-
_
.
-
4
4
_
_
_
-
3
3
-
-
_
_
.
_
-
_
_
_
.
-
_
.
-
-
_
.
.
-
_
_
-
27
_
-
15
9
12
12
20
20
-
-
-
-
-
-
32
18
14
14
26
6
20
20
4
4
-
13
13
-
5
5
_
.
-
-
-
2
2
68
194
53
15
6
10
10
188
-
-
-
-
156
70
5
3
1
2
3
-
34
33
86
86
2
2
2
2
2
22
16
11
16
6
8
8
4
-
5
6
5
-
-
-
6
1
8
144
l4 l
3
I
2
1
1
12
.
.
-
-
20
1
1
11
11
-
2
_
56
56
2
32
10
-
22
9
12
13
9
5
55
43
12
-
12
24
15
9
2
1
55
43
45 ----- 5~
10
37
8
31
1
2
Occupational Wage Survey, B oston, M ass. , M arch 1954
U .S . DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
Bureau of L abor Statistics
7
43
43
11
-
34
34
2
2
-
2
-
32
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M o ve m e nt O c cup a tions - C ontinued
(Average hourly earnings1 for selected occupations 23 studied on an area
4
basis in Boston, M a s s ., by industry division, March 1954)
Occupation and industry division
Shipping clerks ___________________ ________ _
Manufacturing__________________________
Nonmanufacturing______________________
Wholesale tra d e __________ ________ __
Retail trade
_ _ _ _ _ _ __
Nm
u ber
of
W ers
ork
862
376
486
239
201
A era e
v g
hu
o rly
ea in s
rn g
$
1.58
1.75
1.46
1.63
1.33
*
$
Undej 0 .90 0 .95
$
and
0 .90 under
.95 1.00
16
16
_
16
8
_
8
_
8
24
24
_
24
_
_
-
_
Service s
1
2
3
4
*
**
1.32
1.35
1.24
67
29
38
12
26
64
“3T“
8
8
-
28
7
21
18
3
54
2$
26
11
15
21
14
7
7
-
50
24
26
23
3
31
28
3
_
3
3
3
_
20
20
_
-
19
2
17
15
51
51
-
6
_
6
3
11
6
5
1
2
2
-
6
_
6
-
-
11
11
6
1
1
-
24
14
10
10
1
1
-
18
18
-
25
25
9
9
-
14
6
8
2
75
46
29
8
64
28
36
35
28
1
27
1
3
1
2
-
14
14
-
16
8
8
-
20
20
-
17
8
-
2
_
2
2
1
_
1
-
8
7
1
1
_
_
-
_
-
2
_
2
-■
32
32
_
-
9
_
11
_
11
-
1
85
9
9
_
-
11
_
11
-
-
1T 1
11
-
-
1
-
85
11
26
7
4
3
3
27
24
3
3
41
38
3
3
53
17
36
2
33
29
2
27
1
26
158
30
128
40
88
197
45
149
4
87
58
29
12
17
5
12
258
142
116
53
32
31
8
2
6
.
2
4
51
32
19
12
_
7
13
13
_
_
_
-
4
4
_
_
-
75
75
_
_
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
26
26
_
_
_
-
36
36
-
19
184
27
184
184
27
27
1
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
14
14
-
-
-
-
-
7
7
-
49
49
28
28
28
28
5
31
15
15
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
2
2
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
14
14
_
5
5
5
28
18
77
77
2
4
.9 9
22
-
40
28
12
9
3
-
10
10
8
2
-
34
34
5
14
15
-
-
59
54
75
5
13
10
3
1
4
62
86
86
8
78
1
57
l4
43
32
8
3
12
12
183
164
19
5
11
1
t
1*
3
10
1 .2 1
1 .2 1
_
-
48
16
32
32
-
32
_
32
33
27
6
2
4
89
51
38
38
2
-
-
36
17
19
14
5
17
17
6
-
Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
Data limited to men workers, except where otherwise indicated.
Workers were distributed as follows: 20 at $ 0 .7 0 to $ 0 .8 0 ; 33 at $ 0 .8 0 to $ 0 .9 0 .
Workers were distributed as follows: 4 at $ 0 .70 to $ 0 .8 0 ; 36 at $ 0 .8 0 to $ 0 .9 0 .
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and dther public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
101
37
64
63
1
51
5
46
29
-
1. 151
759
392
11 1
160
53
52
24
28
23
5
29
19
10
1
1.63
1.75
1.54
1.73
1.54
1.53
Watchmen____ ____ __________________ _
Manufacturing
_
_ ___ __ __
Nonmanufacturing___________________ __
Retail tr a d e ________________________
Finance * *
9
4
5
-
25
$
17
9
1.094
470
624
69
202
303
1.73
1.73
56
32
24
12
11
21
14
7
-
Truckdrivers, medium ( 1V2 to and
including 4 tons)
... ..
_ _
Manufactur ing _________________ ____ _____
Nonmanufactur i n g ______ _______________
Public utilities * ________ __ _____ ____
Wholesale tra d e ___ __ ____ __________
Retail trade ______________ _______ __ __
218
218-
1
81
16
65
37
20
13
13
2
_
Truckers, power (other than forklift) _____
Manufactur i n g ___ ______ ________ ______
5
4
1
-
5
5
-
_
-
N an m an n farh irin g
23
5
18
5
13
20
3
17
17
_
1. 6 8
1.66
1.74
9
I
8
2
6
14
l4
-
10
10
8
728
546
182
7
_
7
1
6
55
55
9
1.51
1.67
1.36
1.31
Truckers, power (forklift) __
_______
Manufactur i n g _______________________ ___
10
10
1
9
-
395
185
209
74
1.78
1.88
1.76
1. 8 8
17
_
17
_
12
42
9
Truckdrivers, light (under 1V2 tons)
Manufacturing___ _____________________
Nonmanufactur ing ___ _________________
Services
_ __ _
- —
815
145
670
223
37
37
10
42
-
Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
other than trailer type) ________ _____ ____
Manufactur i n g __________________________
Nonmanufactur i n g _________________ ____
Wholesale tra d e ________ _____ ______
1.10
5
5
-
1.56
1.67
1.49
1.57
860
1.92
ITS " 'T 7 57
664
1.93
293
2. 10
153
1.80
1.05
NUM
BER O W
F ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGH
T-TIM H
E OURLY EARNINGS O
F—
s
%
S
l
<
$
s
%
»
S
$
$
S
I
$
$
f
<
<
)
$
1. 10 1. 15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 2.0 0 2. 10 2.2 0 2 .3 0
and
1. 15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 2.0 0 2. 10 2 .2 0 2.3 0 over
11
11
1L
540
194
346
182
Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
trailer type)
n^
Manufacturing ______ ,________ _______ _____
Nonmanufactur i n g _________ _________ __
Wholesale tra d e __________ __________
P
i1 traiiv
$
1.05
.
Shipping-and-receiving c le r k s ____________
Manufacturing
__ _____
Nonmanufacturing__________ __________ _
Retail trade
____ ____ _________ ____
_
-
$
1.00
18
56
53
3
-
9
9
17
17
10
-
io
107
79
91
62
16
17
4
9
4
7
5
1
-
58
39
19
48
24
24
_
_
15
8
2
1
87
74
13
10
3
39
55
4
4
35
35
7
-----T~
4
4
126
1
125
65
100
s ir "
4
96
_
81
15
152
15
137
366
” “TS”
348
_
130
52
50
2
_
2
2
— F"
_
_
1
1
72
_
72
26
26
-
18
18
_
28
28
39
39
58
_
-
-
-
-
-
58
58
110
1
1
37
37
37
37
_
8
_
g
_
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
132
4
128
78
9
105
2
100
7
5
165
159
6
43
25
18
6
104
19
19
33
33
-
2
2
16
16
7?
79
4
4
22
_
2
6
8
2
_
_
_
_
4
4
20
-
2
6
8
_
70
62
8
4
1
45
44
1
_
■
26
_
26
26
B: Establishment Practices and Supplem entary W age Provisions
T a b le
B - l:
S h ift
D iffe r e n tia l
P r o v is io n s 1
P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r in g p l a n t w o r k e r s
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g
fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r -
S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l
(b)
A c t u a l l y w o r k in g o n -
S econ d
s h i ft
w ork
T h ir d o r
oth er
s h i ft
S econ d
s h i ft
T o t a l ...... ..................................................................................................... .............................................
8 0 .0
72. 2
1 0 .6
2. 8
W i t h s h i f t p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l __ _______ _____ _______ _________________________________
78. 2
72. 2
1 0 .1
2. 8
3 7 .9
34. 3
U n ifo r m c e n t s (p e r h ou r)
__
_
_
4
5
6
7
c e n t s _________________________________________________________________________
c e n t s ____________ _______ _____________________________________________________
c e n t s _________________________________________________________________________
c e n t s _________________________________________________________________________
7 l/ z c e n t s _________________ _________ ___________________________________________
8 c e n t s ___________ _________ __________________________________ _____ ___________
9 o r 9Va c e n t s _____________________________________ __________ ________________
10 c e n t s .......... ..................................................................................................................... .
O v e r 10 a n d u n d e r 13 c e n t s _______________________________________________
13 c e n t s ........ ......................................................... .................................................................
O v e r 13 c e n t s _____________ _______
_ _
U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e
1. 5
1 .2
6. 5
2. 2
4. 4
13. 0
.6
-
5. 1
1. 4
_
4 .9
. 1
1. 0
. 1
. 2
. 3
. 2
. 1
1. 7
. 4
.9
. 1
.4
36. 5
5 .0
1 .4
( 2)
.9
. 5
-
____________
3 7 .5
5 p e r c e n t ______________________________________________________________________
7 o r 7Va p e r c e n t _
10 p e r c e n t _________________________ ___________________________________________
1 2 7 z p e r c e n t .................... ...................... ....................................................... .....................
15 p e r c e n t _ ______________________________ __________ _________________________
_
5. 1
2 .4
2 8 .3
1. 6
-
5. 2
2 3 .3
7 .9
.6
. 1
3. 8
. 5
-
F u l l d a y 1s p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s ____________________________________________
2. 8
1 .5
( 2)
N o s h ift p a y d iffe r e n t ia l
____ _____ ___________________________________
_
.6
10. 1
1. 1
2. 8
1. 7
2. 5
2 .4
13. 2
. 7
1 .3
1. 6
T h ir d o r
o th er
s h i ft
_
1. 8
.
.
.
.
-
2
1
5
1
_
.5
■
'
1 S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l d a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d i n t e r m s o f (a) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c y , a n d (b) w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y e m p l o y e d o n l a t e s h i f t s at th e
t i m e o f th e s u r v e y .
A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s h a v in g a p o l i c y i f it m e t e i t h e r o f th e f o l l o w i n g c o n d i t i o n s :
(1 ) O p e r a t e d l a t e
s h i f t s a t th e t i m e o f th e s u r v e y , o r v'2) h a d f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g l a t e s h i f t s .
2 L e s s th a n 0 . 05 p e r c e n t .
O cc u p a t io n a l W a g e S u r v e y , B o s t o n , M a s s . , M a r c h 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
T a b le
B -2 :
S c h e d u le d
W e e k ly
H o u rs
PE R C E N T OF O FFIC E W O RKERS12
EM PLO YED IN—
W e e k ly h o u r s
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*4
Wholesale
trade
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1 .1
10. 3
7. 7
24. 5
6 .4
8 .2
1 .4
40. 2
. 1
. 2
_
-
0. 4
8 .3
1 .9
1 2 .4
1. 4
4. 3
.9
70. 2
-
All
industries
A l l w o r k e r s _________________________ ______ ___
U n d e r 35 h o u r s ...................—------------- ---------------h o u rs
_
_
_
O v e r 35 a n d u n d e r 37V 2 h o u r s .................. —
3 7 V2 h o u r s ___________ ______ ___ _____ _________
O v e r 37 Y 2 a n d u n d e r 3 8 3 4 h o u r s ---------------/
3 8 3 4 h o u r s ................................................................../
O v e r 3 8 3 4 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s .......................
/
40 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s ________________
4 4 h o u r s ____________________________ - .......... .........
O v e r 4 4 a n d u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s .............................
4 8 h o u r s ......................................................................—
O v e r 4 8 h o u r s _________________ ______________ —
-
Retail trade
100. 0
_
5. 2
.4
55. 1
.9
3 8 .3
"
_
-
2 .6
1 5 .9
19. 7
14. 8
4 .4
9 .6
3 2 .9
-
7 .2
15 . 2
7. 8
3. 8
6 4 .4
1. 7
-
PE R C E N T OF PLA N T W O R K ER S EM PLO YED IN —
Finance**
Services
All
2
industries
Manufacturing
1 0 0 .0
100 . 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
2. 7
13 . 7
11. 7
3 2 .9
10 . 0
16. 1
13. 0
-
'
1
2
*
**
_
3 0 .0
7. 7
15. 8
1. 1
2 .0
41. 9
.9
.6
-
0. 5
1 .2
6 .8
2 .9
.2
7 5 .3
3 .9
3. 8
. 7
2 .9
1 .8
1. 2
6.
v 86.
1.
2.
3.
5
1
2
1
0
Wholesale
trade
100. 0
100. 0
_
_
9 6 .6
3 .4
_
_
1. 8
3. 8
73. 0
4 .9
6. 1
53
5. 1
"
Retail trade
100. 0
_
2 .4
13. 8
14. 1
.9
36. 7
17 . 0
10. 0
5. 1
Services
1 0 0 .0
4 .2
68. 7
6 .0
10. 0
8. 1
3 .0
'
D a ta r e la t e to w o m e n w o r k e r s .
I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e in a d d it i o n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
Table B-3:
Paid Holidays1
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
All
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
A l l w o r k e r s __________________ _____ _________ ______
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
TOO. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
p a i d h o l id a y s _________________________________
9 9 .8
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
9 8 .4
100. 0
9 9 .5
L e s s th a n 4 d a y s ....... ..............................................
4 d a y s ________________________________________
5 d a y s .........................................................................................
6 d a y s ............. ................................................ .............. ........
7 d a y s ...... ........ ................................. .........................
8 d a y s .................................... ................. ........... .......
9 d a y s ..........................................................................
10 d a y s .................................................................... .
11 d a y s .............................................................. .......
O v e r 11 d a y s _______________ _______ _____ _
_
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
n o p a id h o l id a y s _____________________________
1
2
*
**
_
Public
utilities *
5
1. 5
. 5
2. 3
7. 8
3 .4
7. 1
1 9 .6
5 6 .4
.9
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
5. 1
16. 5
9 .3
10. 8
2 5 .3
31. 8
1. 1
.9
2. 0
3 .4
2 .6
5 6 .9
34. 1
-
1 .6
-
7 .7
41. 6
49. 2
-
. 2
E s t im a t e s in c lu d e o n ly f u ll- d a y h o lid a y s .
I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r r e a l e s t a t e in a d d it i o n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .
5. 5
18. 1
5. 7
.5
26. 8
.2
. 2
27. 5
1 3 .9
-
1 .6
-
6. 4
2 .9
9 0 .7
-
AH
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Services
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
9 5 .7
100. 0
95. 7
9 4 .9
93. 2
5 8 .3
1. 2
.2
6 .3
2 .3
2 .4
4. 0
8 .2
66. 1
10. 0
3. 2
4. 1
4. 3
15. 5
24. 2
11. 1
6 .9
18. 1
7 .8
. 4
2. 5
6. 6
8 .9
9 .9
5 1 .9
1 5 .9
-
. 5
4. 3
Services
-
-
2. 8
21. 3
32. 7
17. 6
8 .9
10. 2
4. 7
.6
4. 3
-
6.
5.
11.
29.
42.
7
3
2
7
0
5. 1
1 2 .4
20. 8
8 .6
3 .4
1 3 .4
. 8
2 9 .4
4 .4
-
6. 8
.
-
11. 7
1 8 .4
11 . 1
3. 2
4 .6
3. 7
5. 6
-
41. 7
O ccupational "Wage S urvey, B oston , M a s s ., M arch 1954
U .S . DEPA RTM E N T OF L A B O R
B ureau of L abor S ta tistics
Table B-4*. Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
V a c a tio n p o lic y
A ll w o rk e rs
________________________________________
A fte r
Public
utilities*
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
-
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
6 .2
-
1 .7
-
5. 1
89. 6
9 8 .3
All
industries
Manufacturing
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
5 .3
8 7 .2
7 .5
-
4 .2
-
-
-
-
-
All
2
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
9 9 .5
89. 1
. 7
4 5 .9
2 .6
9 9 .2
83. 0
1 .2
6 0 .2
4 .2
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
39. 1
.9
8 .9
7 .2
.6
1. 1
1 .4
1 5 .9
1 .5
1 3 .9
11.0
1. 1
1.8
2. 3
Retail trade
Services
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
9 1 .4
1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a i d v a c a t i o n s ________________________________ L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t --------------------------U n d e r 1 w e e k _____________________________
1 w e e k ________________________________________
O v e r 1 bu t l e s s th a n 2 w e e k s
_____
2 w e e k s _____________________________________
3 weeks _______________________________
Percentage payment 2 __________________
2 p ercent _____________________________
3 percent _____________________________
4 p e r c e n t ______________ _______________
O ther-type p a y m e n t____________________
W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
no paid v a ca tio n s----------------------------------------
-
-
9 4 .9
-
74. 8
~
-
8 6 .3
1 3 .7
-
7 2 .5
15. 1
-
-
-
-
25. 2
-
1 2 .4
.5
100.0
83. 8
1.2
3 4 .3
25. 3
21.6
1 .5
1 3 .9
11.0
, 1. 1
1.8
2 .3
-
-
_
1 1 .5
2 5 .2
1 5 .4
7 4 .3
8 8 .5
-
74. 8
-
84. 6
-
17. 1
8.6
8.6
-
-
-
-
.8
100.0
8 9 .6
.7
2 4 .3
1 5 .4
4 7 .9
1 .3
8 .9
7 .2
.6
1. 1
1 .4
_
A fte r 2 y e a rs of se rvice
W ork ers in estab lishm en ts providing
paid v a ca tio n s_____________________________
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t----------------------______________________
Under 1 week
1 w e e k ________________________________
O ver 1 but le s s than 2 w e e k s ______
2 w e e k s ______!_________________________
O ver 2 but le s s than 3 w e e k s ______
3 w eeks -----------------------------------------------P ercentage payment 2 __________________
2 percent --------------------------------------------3 p e r c e n t --------------------------------------------4 p e r c e n t _____________________________
O ther-typ e payment -----------------------------W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
no paid v a ca tio n s__________________________
100. 0
100.0
2. 1
8 9 .9
. 1
7 .9
-
100.0
100.0
4. 1
9 1 .7
4 .2
-
100. 0
100.0
1 .7
9 7 .7
.6
-
100. 0
100.0
1.8
9 8 .2
■
100.0
100. 0
■ 3 .8
9 1 .9
4 .3
-
■
100. 0
100. 0
86.2
1 3 .8
*
100.0
100. 0
3 .5
7 9 .5
1 .9
15. 1
-
“
■
100.0
100.0
9 .7
9 0 .3
-
-
100. 0
100. 0
10.2
89.8
-
100. 0
100. 0
2 .4
9 5 .4
2. 2
-
100. 0
9 1 .4
3 0 .4
61. 0
8.6
8. 6
-
■
A fte r 3 y e a rs o f service
W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
paid v a ca tio n s----------------------------------------------L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t-----------------------Under 1 week
-----------------------------------1 w e e k _________________ - _______________
O ver 1 but le s s than 2 w e e k s _______
2 weeks
----------------------------------------------O ver 2 but le s s than 3 w e e k s _______
3 weeks ------------------------------------------------Percentage payment 2 -----------------------------2 p e r c e n t ----------------------------------------------3 p e r c e n t ----------------------------------------------4 p e r c e n t ----------------------------------------------O ther-type p a y m e n t--------------------------------W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
no paid v a ca tio n s-----------------------------------------
100; 0
100.0
-
1 .4
-
89.8
.1
8.6
-
100.0
100. 0
-
2 .4
9 3 .4
4 .2
-
100.0
100.0
-
9 8 .5
1 .5
'
100.0
100.0
1.8
-
98.2
-
-
100. 0
100.0
-
86.2
13. 8
-
100.0
100.0
3 .5
68.6
1 .9
2 6 .0
-
100.0
89.6
.7
1 5 .8
1 3 .5
58. 1
1.6
8 .9
6. 2
1 .4
1 .4
1 .4
100.0
83. 8
1.2
21.0
21.6
3 8 .4
1 .5
1 3 .9
9 .3
2. 2
2 .4
2. 3
100.0
100.0
7 .7
89. 8
2 .5
■
■
-
100. 0
100.0
6 .7
3 .5
89.8
■
■
”
100. 0
100.0
1.6
.8
9 5 .4
2.2
~
_
~
100.0
9 1 .4
3 0 .4
6 1 .0
8. 6
8. 6
■
'
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
100. 0
100.0
3 .8
9 1 .9
4 .3
-
Occupational Wage Survey, Boston, Mass. , March 1954
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
36
Tab le B-4:
Paid V a ca tio n s (Form al Provisions)- Continued
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED INVacation policy
A ll w orkers ___________________________ _____
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
AH
industries
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9 3 .2
.3
6.6
-
100.0
100.0
9 6 .2
3 .8
-
100.0
100.0
1.8
9 8 .2
-
100.0
100.0
3 .8
5 5 .5
4 0 .7
-
100.0
100.0
4 5 .4
7 .8
4 6. 8
-
100.0
100.0
3 4 .9
65. 1
-
All
industries
Manufacturing
100.0
100.0
100.0
.5
6 9 .2
3 .0
2 7 .3
-
j
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
89.6
1.2
7 1 .8
4 .2
1 2 .4
8 .9
.7
.6
7 .6
1 .4
100.0
83. 8
1.2
7 1 .0
6.8
4 .8
1 3 .9
1.2
1. 1
11.6
2 .3
100.0
100. 0
1.8
9 5 .8
2 .5
-
100.0
100.0
5 .3
9 4 .7
_
-
100. 0
100.0
.8
5 5 .3
_
100.0
9 1 .4
_
8 2 .0
4 3 .9
-
9 .4
8.6
8.6
-
-
-
trade
Retail trade
Services
After 5 ye a rs of service
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid vacations __ ----------------------------------------L en gth -o f-tim e p a y m e n t_______________
1 w eek _________________________________
2 weeks ______________________________
_____
Over 2 but le s s than 3 weeks
3 weeks
__________________________ _—
Percentage payment 2 __________________
2 p e r c e n t______________________________
3 p e r c e n t ____________________________ _
4 p e r c e n t------------------------------------------O ther-type p a y m e n t_____________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacation s__________________________
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
A fter 10 y e a rs of service
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid vacations ------------------------------------------L e n gth -o f-tim e p a y m e n t_______________
1 w eek _________________________________
2 weeks ______________________________
Over 2 but le s s than 3 w e e k s ---------3 weeks ______________________________
Over 3 but le s s than 4 w e e k s _______
4 weeks and over ___________________
Percentage payment 2 ___________________
2 p e r c e n t------------- __ -----------------------3 percent ---------------------------------------------4 percent ------ -----------------------------------O ther-type p a y m e n t_____________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations ________________________
100.0
100.0
.5
6 0. 1
3 .0
3 3 .8
2 .7
100. 0
100.0
8 8 .5
.3
11.2
-
100.0
100.0
9 4 .7
5 .3
-
100. 0
100. 0
1.8
87. 7
10. 5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
100.0
100. 0
3 .8
4 6 .3
1 9 .9
3 0. 1
100.0
100. 0
3 0 .7
7. 8
6 1 .5
-
-
-
-
-
100. 0
100.0
2 9 .5
6 6 .5
4 .0
•
*
100.0
89.6
1. 1
6 7 .6
2 .9
1 0 .5
1 .3
6 .4
8 .9
.7
.6
7 .6
1 .4
-
100. 0
8 3 .8
1.2
6 8 .3
4 .7
7 .5
2. 1
-
1 3 .9
1.2
1. 1
11.6
2 .3
-
100.0
100.0
95. 1
4 .9
100.0
100. 0
5 .3
86. 8
7 .9
-
-
-
-
100. 0
100.0
.8
4 8. 8
_
1 8 .4
-
3 1 .9
-
100.0
9 1 .4
7 3 .4
_
18. 0
_
-
8.6
-
,8 . 6
-
A fter 15 ye a rs of service
W o rk e r s in establishm ents providing
paid vacations _________________________
L en gth -o f-tim e p a y m e n t ______________
1 w eek ______________________________
2 weeks ___________________________
Over 2 but le s s than 3 weeks ____
3 weeks ___________________________
Over 3 but le s s than 4 w e e k s _______
4 weeks and over ___________________
Percentage payment 2 ___________________
2 percent ___________________________
3 percent ______________________________
4 percent ______________________________
6 percent and o v e r ___________________
O ther-type p a y m e n t_____________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid va ca tion s__________________________
100.0
100. 0
.2
1 8 .6
3 .0
7 4 .2
100.0
100.0
-
2 7 .2
-
7 2 .8
100.0
100.0
-
5. 1
-
9 4 .9
100.0
100.0
1. 8
46. 1
-
52. 1
-
5 2 .4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
~
"
■
4. 1
-
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroad s), com munication, and other public u tilitie s.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
-
1 7 .5
-
-
-
100.0
100. 0
-
100.0
100. 0
-
6 .7
7 .8
8 1 .6
100.0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
89.6
-
2 3 .3
-
72. 8
1. 1
29. 1
1 .5
49. 7
1 .9
6 .4
8 .9
.7
-
-
30. 1
3 .9
4 .0
-
-
-
-
-
2 .3
5 .3
1 .4
"
~
.6
100.0
83. 8
1.2
2 7 .9
2 .4
49 . 1
3. 1
-
1 3 .9
1.2
1. 1
3 .0
8 .7
2 .3
100.0
100. 0
-
1 2 .7
-
8 7 .3
100.0
100.0
5 .3
4 8 .9
-
4 5 .8
-
-
-
-
100.0
100.0
.8
23. 1
_
4 4 .2
3 1 .9
-
100.0
9 1 .4
-
69.4
22. 0
_
_
8.6
-
8.6
-
-
-
“
■
Table B-4:
Paid V a ca tio n s (Form al Provisions)- Continued
PER C EN T OF O FFIC E W O RK ER S EM PLO YED IN—
Vacation p olicy
A ll w ork ers
_____
All
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
PE R C E N T OF PLANT W O RK ER S EM PLO YED IN —
Finance**
Services
All
.
industries 1
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Services
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
.2
1 6 ,4
7 2 .6
100.0
100.0
2 3 .3
7 6 .7
-
100.0
100.0
5. 1
9 4 .9
-
100.0
100.0
1.8
3 9 .9
5 8. 3
-
100.0
100.0
1 2 .9
5 6 .5
30. 6
-
100.0
100. 0
6 .7
7 1 .9
2 1 .4
-
100.0
100.0
23 . 3
7 2 .8
4 .0
-
100.0
89.6
1. 1
26. 1
1 .5
5 2 .4
1 .9
6 .7
8 .9
.7
.6
2 .3
5 .3
1 .4
100.0
83. 8
1.2
2 5 .9
2 .4
5 1 .2
3. 1
1 3 .9
1.2
1. 1
3 .0
8 .7
2 .3
100.0
100.0
1 2 .7
8 7 .3
-
100.0
100. 0
5 .3
39. 0
5 5 .6
-
100.0
100.0
.8
1 5 .7
_
4 9 .8
3 3 .7
-
100. 0
9 1 .4
6 9 .4
_
22.0
8.6
8.6
-
A fte r 20 y e a rs of service
W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
paid vacations __ __________________________
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t_______________
1 w e e k ___________________________ ______
2 weeks
_____________________________
O ver 2 but le s s than 3 w eeks ____
3 weeks
_____________________________
O ver 3 but le s s than 4 w eeks
____
4 w eeks and o v e r ____________________
P ercentage payment 2 __________________
2 p e r c e n t _____________________________
3 percent _____________________________
4 p e r c e n t _____________________________
6 percent and o v e r ___________________
O ther-typ e payment ___________________
W ork ers in estab lishm en ts providing
no paid v a ca tio n s_________________________ _
10.8
-
■
~
-
-
-
-
~
~
-
-
-
A fter 25 y e a rs of service
W ork ers in estab lishm en ts providing
paid v a ca tio n s--------------------------------------------L e n g th -o f-tim e payment — ____________
1 w e e k _________________________________
2 w eeks
--------------------------------------------O ver 2 but le s s than 3 w e e k s ______
3 weeks
----------------------- :--------------------O ver 3 but le s s than 4 w e e k s _____ „
4 w eeks and o v e r ------------------------------P ercentage p a y m e n t2 __________________
2 p ercent --------------------------------------------3 p e r c e n t -------------------------------------------4 p e r c e n t --------------------------------------------6 p ercent and o v e r -------------------- -------O ther-type p a y m e n t____________ ____ ___
W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
no paid vacations -------------------------------------
1
2
*
**
100.0
100,0
.2
1 3 .4
6 2 .9
2 3 .6
-
100.0
100.0
22.8
7 0 .0
7 .2
-
100.0
100.0
4. 8
9 3 .7
1 .5
-
100.0
100.0
1.8
3 6 .6
5 0. 8
10.8
-
100.0
100. 0
1 2 .5
4 0 .9
4 6 .7
-
Includes data for re a l estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
P ercent of annual earn ings.
Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), communication, and other public u tilitie s.
Finance, in suran ce, and re a l estate.
100. 0
100. 0
. 1
5 7 .5
-
4 2 .5
-
100.0
100. 0
2 3 .3
70. 9
-
5 .8
-
100. 0
89.6
1. 1
2 4 .6
1 .5
5 0 .4
1 .9
10.2
8 .9
.7
.6
2 .3
5 .3
1 .4
100. 0
83. 8
1. 2
25 . 1
2 .4
4 8 .2
3. 1
3 .7
1 3 .9
1.2
1. 1
3 .0
8 .7
2 .3
100.0
100.0
9 .3
8 7 .7
3 .0
-
100.0
100.0
5 .3
3 4 .5
5 1 .5
8 .7
-
100.0
100.0
.8
13. 1
4 9 .3
3 6 .8
-
100.0
9 1 .4
6 9 .4
22.0
8.6
8.6
-
38
Table B-5: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
P E R C E N T OF O FFIC E W O RK ER S EM PLO YE D IN —
Type of plan
A ll w orkers ______________________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing:
Life in s u ra n c e ------------------------------------Accidental death and
dism em berm ent -----------------------------Sickness and accident in su ra n ce ___
Sick leave (full pay and no waiting
p e r io d )-----------------------------------------------Sick leave (partial pay or waiting
period) _______________________________
Hospitalization insurance ---------------Surgical in su ran ce-----------------------------M edical in s u ra n c e ___________________
Catastrophe insurance ______________
R etirem ent pension _________________
Health, insurance, or pension plan
not listed ab ov e_____________________
No health, insurance, or pension
p la n __________________________________
1
2
revised
*
All
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
*
Wholesale
trade
P E R C E N T OF PLA N T W O R K ER S EM PLO YE D IN —
Retail trade
Finance * *
Services
All
,
industries
100.0
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
Retail trade
Services
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
88. 6
8 5 .5
9 2 .7
82. 6
86.2
9 6 .5
62. 1
83. 8
8 3 .4
9 1 .4
79. 1
86. 1
7 7 .0
4 1 .8
4 9 .8
5 2 .6
7 7 .9
2 3 6 .5
2 2 6 .9
4 3 .3
47. 6
4 3 .0
6 7 .9
3 5 .3
2 7 .3
2 6 .6
4 4 .2
4 5 .3
7 4 .5
5 1 .6
84. 8
2 3 3 .8
2 3 2 .8
4 4 .2
4 2 .2
3 0 .7
7 2 .3
5 3. 1
6 8 .5
4 8 .2
4 6 .5
86.2
5 5 .6
3 2 .7
4 4. 7
4 5 .5
12. 1
3 .6
29.8
3 2 .5
2 1 .7
9 .7
3. 7
7 7 .3
7 5 .2
2 9 .2
3 .9
76 . 1
3 .6
8 4 .9
8 5 .7
42. 1
.3
68. 1
1. 1
4 5 .7
4 5 .8
8 .3
8 5 .4
1.6
7 8 .3
7 2 .2
2 8 .0
1.8
7 0 .2
20.6
5 3 .7
5 0 .4
2 5. 1
5 5 .7
8 5 .4
83. 0
2 2 .7
9 .7
8 9 .3
10.0
5 0 .4
4 0 .7
3 1 .7
6 1 .6
8. 8
70. 8
6 7 .3
3 0 .9
.8
48. 1
5 .3
8 5 .4
84. 0
42. 0
1 .3
4 6. 5
46. 1
3 8 .6
3 8 .6
1 1 .4
80. 9
7 .0
6 9 .9
6 9 .5
2 4 .5
62. 8
5 .5
4 4 .9
4 3. 6
1 3 .4
50. 1
3 .2
6 8 .3
2 6 .0
1 3 .8
1.8
3 .3
1 .9
2 .7
3. 1
4. 8
1 0 .3
-
-
. 1
1 .5
3 .7
2. 7
8.6
1 0 .5
2 .3
9 .8
3 .2
2 .7
1.0
9 .9
-
1.8
2.0
5 .0
4 .6
3 .3
_
100.0
Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Estim ates are not com parable with those published in the previous (M arch 1953) bulletin since the decline in benefits shown does not re fle c t a decline in area practice but re su lts fro m a
interpretation of benefits of a m ajor fir m in the area .
Transportation (excluding ra ilroad s), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
,
Occupational Wage Survey, B oston, M a s s ., M arch 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor S tatistics
Table B-6:
O vertim e Pay P ra ctice s
PER C EN T OF O FFIC E W O RK ER S EM PLO YE D I N -
O vertim e policy
All
industries
A ll w orkers _________________________________
100.0
Manufacturing
100.0
PE R C E N T OF PLANT W O RK ER S EM PLO YED IN —
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
All
.
industries1
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
Manufacturing
Retail trade
Servioee
D aily overtim e
W ork ers in establishm ents providing
...... .
4 4 .9
3 2 .3
.
6 9 .7
53. 1
91. 6
6 5 .4
50. 5
39. 5
4 2 .4
2 8 .2
1 4 .2
7. 6
46 . 0
32. 8
76. 3
5 7 .9
91. 9
66.0
9 6 .6
83. 0
60. 5
60. 5
3 7 .9
30. 8
39. 6
3 9 .6
9. 6
22. 7
p r e m iu m p a y r
T i m e and o n e-h alf
2 .5
50. 6
4 4 .9
20.6
2. 9
3 6 .7
20. 3
7 .9
7. 6
16.6
16. 2
3. 9
54. 1
4. 3
61. 7
_
83. 0
60. 5
5. 5
25. 2
2. 6
37. 0
E ffective after le s s
th a n S c o u r s
E ffe c tiv e a fte r
.........
8 h o u rs
E ffective after m ore
than 8 h o u r s
___ _ _
Other 2
_
_
W ork ers in establishm ents providing
no prem ium pay or having no p o lic y __
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
7. 1
_
_
_
12. 6
16.6
26.2
11.0
14. 2
6.6
13. 2
18* 3
2 5 .9
13. 6
55. 1
3 0 .3
8 .4
4 9 .5
5 7 .6
85. 8
54. 0
23. 7
8. 1
3 .4
39. 5
62. 1
60. 4
96. 7
57. 1
9 9 .1
8 5 .2
99. 7
7 1 .9
97. 9
78. 2
8 7 .4
5 6 .9
99. 8
2 5 .7
70. 8
5 4 .9
95. 1
90. 8
100.0
9 8 .9
100.0
88. 7
100 . 0
100 . 0
82. 0
7 0 .9
80. 9
76. 7
15. 3
41. 8
10. 3
7 4 .9
44. 9
27. 1
1 1 .9
6 6 .3
25. 1
31. 8
12. 6
13. 0
1 6 .6
3 8 .3
5. 5
82. 1
6 .9
9 2 .0
8 5 .3
5. 5
94. 5
5. 5
5 1 .6
74. 1
1. 1
13. 7
11. 1
2. 6
4. 2
1 8 .0
19. 1
W eekly overtim e
W ork ers in establishm en ts providing
p r e m iu m
pay
...
_
...
T im e and on e-h alf _____________________
E ffective after le s s
t h a n 40 h o u r s ... . . .
_
..
E ffe c tiv e a fte r 4 0 h o u rs
_
_
_
_
E ffective after m ore
th a n 4 0 h o u r s
... ..
O th e r 2
...........................
W ork ers in establishm ents providing
no p rem ium pay or having no policy —
1
2
*
**
_
_
_
_
_
_
3 9 .6
1 3 .9
27. 8
19. 7
30. 5
74. 1
1 5 .9
3 .2
4. 3
3 .3
.9
.3
2. 1
12. 6
. 2
29. 2
_
3 .4
11. 3
_
4 .9
_
_
_
Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes provisions for a specified number of overtim e hours at either (l) no pa- (2) regular rate, or (3) a prem ium rate; and p rem ium pay at another rate thereafter.
^
Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), communication, and other public utilities.
F inance, in suran ce, and real estate.
Occupational W age Survey, Boston, M ass. , March 1954
U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABO R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table B-7:
Rate of P ay for Holiday W o rk
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -
Pay provisions
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
All
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
All J
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Services
A ll workers ________________ _________________
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
W orkers in establishm ents with
pay provisions for work on
paid holidays 1 .....................................................
2
7 9 .4
82. 8
8 9 .4
6 4 .9
6 9 .8
8 1 .3
7 2 .0
8 6 .4
9 2 .5
9 5 .7
72. 1
75. 6
51. 7
Regular rate only _______________________
Time and on e-h alf ______________________
Double time ......................................................
Double time and on e-h alf ______________
Triple tim e _______________________________
Equal time o f f ______________ __________
Other plan ______________________________
W orkers in establishm ents with
no form al p o lic y __________________________
W orkers in establishm ents with
no paid holidays _________________________
1
2
3
_
_
_
1. 5
4. 3
4 3 .4
1 5 .3
.9
5 .3
5 8 .0
7. 3
1. 7
64. 5
6 .0
5 .3
5 .7
4 .9
. 3
1 8 .5
3 .0
7 .4
5
4 .6
13. 1
3‘. 8
2 0 .4
1 7 .2
10. 6
3 5 .1
2 8 .5
18. 7
8.8
(3)
-
-
40. 7
10 . 0
3 .8
.2
Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately,
Includes holiday pay and rate for work on paid holiday.
L e ss than 0. 05 percent.
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroad s), com munication, and other public u tilities.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
_
37. 5
19. 3
-
8.
1.6
3 .9
4 .9
31. 0
24. 5
_
1 1 .4
30 . 8
13. 2
-
16.6
_
.9
4 9 .9
22. 1
6. 8
_
.5
5 9 .5
21. 7
9 .2
4. 8
70. 1
4 .9
3 .3
. 7
3. 1
9 .4
3. 6
3. 0
1.0
2 7 .5
9 .2
7 .5
. 5
4. 3
-
_
4. 3
_
6. 1
4 6 .4
6. 0
6.
_
_
-
-
1 8 .8
3 5 .3
32. 9
12. 8
-
7
3. 7
3 .2
3. 7
1 0 .4
7 .4
6. 0
22. 7
1 7 .5
6.6
5. 1
6. 8
4 1. 7
-
Occupational W age Survey, B oston, M a ss. , M arch 1954
U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor S tatistics
Table B-8: Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
PER C EN T OF O FFIC E W O RKERS EM PLO YED IN —
Item
All
industries
A ll w orkers __________________________________
F o rm a l rate stru ctu re......... .............. ...............
Single rate _______________________________
Range of rates ___________________________
Individual rates _____________________________
P E R C EN T OF PLANT W O RK ER S EM PLO YED IN—
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
100
100
100
100
100
100
79
76
92
72
-
75
24
91
72
28
56
13
43
44
-
77
88
1
2
62
Services
All
,
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Services
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
62
85
31
54
15
93
37
57
7
100
70
18
52
30
60
24
76
79
58
49
40
2
1
21
100
100
100
100
100
100
73
27
65
35
18
17
100
97
3
75
25
89
W A G E S TR U C TU R E F O R T IM E RATED W O RK ER S2
1
21
1
2
-
8
88
38
10
M ETH OD OF W A G E P A Y M E N T FOR
P L A N T WORKERS
A ll w orkers ___________________
____________
DATA
NOT
COLLECTED
T im e w orkers _______________________________
Incentive w o r k e r s ___________________________
P ie c e w o r k ________________________________
Bonus w ork ______________________________
C o m m issio n _____________________________
1
1
1
1
(S)
(*>
(3)
5
1
-
2
<
!>
(3)
25
1
1
3
6
2
L A B O R -M A N A G E M E N T A G R E E M E N T S 4
W ork ers in establishm en ts with
agreem ents covering a m ajority
of such w orkers ___________________________
1
2
3
4
tim ates
sion of
*
**
16
24
79
16
17
1
76
82
100
45
61
51
Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
E stim ates for office w orkers are based on total office employm ent, w hereas estim ates for plant w orkers are based on tim e -ra te d em ployees only.
L e s s than 0. 5 percent.
E stim ates relate to all w orkers (office or plant) employed in an establishm ent having a contract in effect covering a m ajority of the w orkers in their respective category.
The e s
so obtained are not n e c e ssa r ily representative of the extent to which all w orkers in the area m ay be covered by p rovisions of la bor-m anagem ent agreem ents due to the exclu
sm alle r siz e estab lish m en ts.
Transportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s), communication, and other public u tilities.
Finance, in suran ce, and real estate.
Occupational Wage Survey, Boston, M a ss. , March 1954
U. S. D EP A R T M E N T OF LABO R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
C H IC A G O ,
The C h ica g o a r e a su rv ey ed (C ook County) is outstanding
both as a m a n u fa ctu rin g and d istrib u tion c e n te r .
M anufacturing
e m p lo y m e n t, r e p r e s e n tin g n e a r ly h alf o f the a r e a ’ s w o rk f o r c e ,
is p a r tic u la r ly h igh in m e ta l in d u stries ranging fr o m b a s ic sm e ltin g ,
r e fin in g , and ca s tin g to fin ish e d m a ch in e ry p ro d u cts (e le c t r ic a l and
n o n e le c t r ic a l), tr a n s p o r ta tio n equipm ent, and p ro d u cts o f n u m erou s
oth er m e ta l-fa b r ic a tin g in d u s tr ie s . N ondurable g o o d s m an ufactu rin g
a ls o a cco u n te d fo r la r g e n u m b ers o f e m p lo y e e s in su ch in d u strie s
as m ea tp a ck in g and p r o c e s s in g o f other food p ro d u cts , a p p a re l,
p rin tin g , c h e m ic a ls , and lea th er tanning.
In the nonm an u factu rin g
fie ld , tra d e in d u s trie s and tra n sp o rta tio n , com m u n ica tio n , and oth er
p u b lic u tilitie s in d u s tr ie s a re the la r g e s t grou p s in te r m s o f e m
p lo y m e n t; h o w e v e r , w e ll o v e r 100,000 w o r k e r s a re a ls o em p lo y e d
in fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l esta te, and n e a r ly 2 0 0 ,0 0 0 in s e r v
ic e in d u s tr ie s .
T h is y e a r ’ s annual study p re s e n ts M a rch 1954 data obtain ed
f r o m 419 e s ta b lis h m e n ts , em p loy in g o v er 5 00 ,00 0 w o r k e r s , w h ich
w e r e s e le c t e d to r e p r e s e n t an estim a ted 3 ,0 0 0 e sta b lish m e n ts e m
p lo y in g m o r e than a m illio n w o r k e r s in 6 m a jo r in d u stry d iv is io n s
in G ook C ou n ty.
(S ee ta b le fo llo w in g .)
W age S tru ctu re
C h ica g o plant (n o n o ffic e ) w o r k e r s within the in d u strie s and
e s t a b lis h m e n t -s iz e g ro u p s studied w ere paid on a t im e -r a t e b a s is in
the p r o p o r tio n o f 3 fo r e v e r y 1 paid bn an in cen tiv e b a s is .
In
m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a th ird o f the w o r k e r s w e re paid on an
in ce n tiv e b a s is w ith the p r o p o r tio n o f th ose paid under p ro d u ctio n bonus plans s lig h tly h ig h er than under p ie c e -r a t e p la n s.
Incentive
w o r k e r s in r e t a il tr a d e and p u b lic u tilitie s in d u stries (a fifth and
an eigh th , r e s p e c t iv e ly ) w e r e g e n e ra lly paid on a c o m m is s io n b a s is .
N in e-ten th s o f the plant w o r k e r s who w e re paid tim e ra te s
w e r e e m p lo y e d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts with fo rm a l wage s tru c tu re s p r o
vidin g eith er a sin g le ra te o r a range o f ra tes fo r ea ch jo b c l a s s i
fic a tio n . A m a jo r it y o f the tim e -r a t e d plant w o r k e r s in m a n u fa ctu r
ing, p u b lic u t ilitie s , and r e t a il trad e w ork ed under r a te -r a n g e p la n s;
in w h o le s a le tra d e and s e r v ic e in d u s trie s, sin gle ra te plans c o v e r e d
a m a jo r it y .
F o r m a l w a ge stru ctu re s c o v e r e d s e v e n -te n th s o f the
o f fic e w o r k e r s and in n e a r ly all c a s e s p rov id e d a ran ge o f ra te s
fo r e a ch jo b c a t e g o r y .
F o r m a l w age s tru c tu re s with jo b s c la s s ifie d into a s e r ie s
o f la b o r g r a d e s o r ra te step s w e re re p o r te d by a nu m ber o f e m
p lo y e r s .
O f the 419 e sta b lish m e n ts studied, 51 had la b o r grad e
s y s te m s applyin g to plant jo b s and 75 had such s y s te m s fo r o ffic e
jo b s .
O f 166 m a n u fa ctu rin g plants studied, 45 plants (m a in ly in
m e ta lw o rk in g ) had la b o r g ra d e s y s te m s ; in 21 o f th ese both plant
and o ffic e jo b s w e r e c o v e r e d , in 12 on ly p rod u ction jo b s w e re c o v
e r e d , and in the re m a in in g 12 only o ffic e jo b s w e re so g ro u p e d .
MARCH
1954
A lthough the n u m ber o f la b o r g r a d e s v a r ie d w id e ly , they ran ged
fr o m 5 to 15 fo r both o ffic e and plant jo b s in a high p ro p o rtio n o f
plants with th e se s y s te m s .
O ccu p a tio n a l P a y L e v e ls
W om en s e c r e t a r ie s and g e n e r a l ste n o g ra p h e rs, two o f
the la r g e s t o ccu p a tio n a l grou p s am ong the o ffic e jo b s studied,
had a v e ra g e s a la r ie s o f $ 7 2 .5 0 and $62 a w eek, r e s p e c tiv e ly , in
M a rc h 1954.
Other o ffic e jo b s in w h ich w e e k ly pay le v e ls o f w om en
w e r e w ithin th is ran ge in clu d ed c la s s A a ccou n tin g c le r k s ($ 7 0 ),
c la s s A b o o k k e e p in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to r s ( $ 6 7 .5 0 ), te ch n ica l ste n o g
ra p h e r s ($ 6 7 ) , ta b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s ( $ 6 3 .5 0 ), and p a y r o ll
c le r k s ( $ 6 3 ) .
A v e r a g e s a la r ie s am ong m o r e rou tin e c l e r i c a l and
m a c h in e -o p e r a tin g jo b s w e r e :
$58 fo r b illin g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ,
$57 fo r c la s s B b o o k k e e p in g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s , $56 fo r c la s s B
accou n tin g c l e r k s , and $ 5 1 .5 0 fo r c la s s B ty p is ts .
L ow est w eek ly
s a la r ie s w e r e r e p o r te d fo r o ffic e g ir ls and rou tin e file c le r k s , with
a v e ra g e s o f $47 in both jo b s . S a la ry le v e ls fo r m o s t o f the w o m e n ’ s
o ffic e jo b s had in c r e a s e d fr o m $ 2 .5 0 to $ 3 .5 0 a w eek sin ce M a rch
1953, the date o f the B u re a u ’ s p re v io u s study.
S tr a ig h t-tim e a v e ra g e h o u rly ea rn in g s fo r s e le c te d m a in
ten an ce tr a d e s w e r e $ 2 .6 0 fo r t o o l-a n d -d ie m a k e r s , $ 2 .4 3 fo r c a r
p e n te r s , $ 2 .4 2 fo r e le c t r ic ia n s , $ 2 .3 8 fo r m a ch in is ts, and $ 2 .1 8
fo r m e c h a n ic s (o th e r than a u to m o tiv e ).
E arn in gs o f to o l-a n d -d ie
m a k e r s had in c r e a s e d 19 cen ts an hour sin ce M a rch 1953; in m o s t
o f the o th e r s k ille d m ain ten ance trades^ in c r e a s e s w ere betw een
10 and 16 c e n t s .
T ra d e s h e lp e r s as a grou p a v e ra g e d $ 1 .8 0 , or
7 cen ts h ig h er than in M a rch 1953.
A m on g m e n 's cu sto d ia l and m a te ria l-:m o v e m e n t jo b s , h ou rly
ea rn in g s a v e r a g e s w e r e $ 1 .6 2 fo r l a b o r e r s , $ 1 .5 9 fo r shipping
p a c k e r s , $ 1 . 5 3 fo r ja n ito r s , and $ 1 . 2 3 fo r w atchm en.
W om en
shipping p a c k e r s a v e ra g e d $ 1 .4 1 ; ja n itr e s s e s a v e ra g e d $ 1 .2 9 . E a rn
ings o f t r u c k d r iv e r s w e re h igh est fo r o p e r a to r s o f light tru ck s (under
1 V2 to n s ), w ho a v e ra g e d $ 2 . 1 5 an h o u r. A high p ro p o rtio n o f th ese
w o r k e r s w e r e e m p lo y e d in m an u factu rin g in d u s trie s.
D r iv e r s o f
m e d iu m -s iz e tru ck s ( 1V2 to 4 to n s ), m a in ly em p lo y e d in nonm anu
fa ctu rin g , a v e ra g e d $ 2 . 0 1 .
A v e r a g e pay le v e ls fo r cu sto d ia l and
m a te r ia l-m o v e m e n t jo b s had in c r e a s e d l e s s , on a c e n ts -p e r -h o u r
b a s is , than pay s c a le s fo r the s k ille d tr a d e s sin ce the date o f the
p r e v io u s s u r v e y .
In g e n e r a l, ea rn in g s tended to be higher in m anu
fa ctu rin g than in non m an u factu rin g in d u strie s fo r o ffic e and the c u s
to d ia l and m a te r ia l-m o v e m e n t jo b s , w h e re a s a v e ra g e s fo r a num ber
o f the m a in ten a n ce and p ow erp la n t jo b s w e r e h igher in n on m an u fac
tu rin g in d u s tr ie s .
C o s t-o f-L iv in g and Annual Im p ro v em en t A d ju stm en ts
W ork S ch ed u les
P r o v is io n s fo r p e r io d ic c o s t - o f - l iv in g adju stm en t o f w a ges
app lied to plant w o r k e r s in 23 esta b lish m e n ts and to o f fic e w o r k e r s
in 16 o f the 419 esta b lish m e n ts stu died.
P r o v is io n s fo r annual
im p ro v e m en t (p r o d u c tiv ity ) a dju stm en ts o f plant w a ges w e r e re p o r te d
by 23 esta b lish m en ts and 16 re p o r te d such p r o v is io n s fo r a dju stm en t
o f o ffic e w a g e s .
M ost o f the e s ta b lish m en ts re p o r tin g c o s t - o f livin g and annual im p ro v e m e n t w age a dju stm en t p r o v is io n s w e re in
m a n u fa ctu rin g.
T w o -th ird s o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s and a lm o s t fo u r -fift h s o f
the plant w o r k e r s w e re sch ed u led to w o r k 40 h o u rs a w e e k in M a rch
1954.
N e a r ly a ll oth er o ffic e w o r k e r s w e r e on s h o rte r w o r k w e e k s .
C o n sid e r a b ly m o r e than h alf o f the s m a ll p r o p o r tio n o f plant w o r k e r s
not on a 4 0 -h o u r w eek w e re on lo n g e r s ch e d u le s ; am ong in d u stry
d iv is io n s the p ro p o rtio n o f plant w o r k e r s on lo n g e r s ch e d u le s v a r ie d
fr o m a tenth in m anufacturing to slig h tly l e s s than h a lf in s e r v ic e
in d u s trie s .
O v e rtim e P a y
L a b o r-M a n a g em en t A g re e m e n ts
P r e m iu m ra te s w e re p aid fo r w o r k b eyon d a s p e c ifie d
num ber o f w e e k ly h ou rs to n e a r ly a ll plant and o f fic e w o r k e r s .
S even -ten th s o f the plant w o r k e r s in the in d u strie s and The m o s t co m m o n p r a c tic e w as to pay tim e and o n e -h a lf the re g u la r
In so m e e s ta b lis h
e s ta b lis h m e n t-s iz e g rou p s c o v e r e d by the s u rv e y w e r e e m p lo y e d ra te fo r tim e w o rk e d in e x c e s s o f 40 h o u r s .
in e sta b lish m en ts having la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts co v e r in g a m en ts with re g u la r w eek ly w o r k s ch e d u le s o f le s s than 40 h o u rs ,
m a jo rity o f th eir plant w o r k e r s .
The p r o p o r tio n o f w o r k e r s c o v e r e d the p re m iu m rate w as paid fo r a ll h o u rs w o r k e d b eyon d the re g u la r
by such a g reem en ts w as slig h tly h igh er in m a n u fa ctu rin g than in w ork w eek ; h o w e v e r , fo r a c o n s id e r a b le p r o p o r tio n o f the o ffic e
nonm anufacturing in d u strie s as a g rou p .
A m on g nonm an u factu rin g w o r k e r s on such sch ed u les the p re m iu m ra te did not app ly until
40 h ou rs had been w o rk e d . P r e m iu m ra te s a fte r a s p e c ifie d n u m ber
indu stry d iv is io n s , the p r o p o r tio n o f w o r k e r s c o v e r e d ra n ged fr o m
about h alf in r e ta il tra d e to a ll w o r k e r s in p u b lic u tilitie s in d u s tr ie s . o f h ou rs p er day w e re paid by e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith f o u r -fift h s o f the
Under
A g re e m e n ts c o v e r e d a p p ro x im a te ly a seventh o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s ; plant w o r k e r s and sligh tly o v e r h a lf the o f fi c e w o r k e r s .
the h ighest p ro p o rtio n s o f th ese w o r k e r s c o v e r e d w e re in p u b lic th ese p r o v is io n s tim e and o n e -h a lf w as u su a lly p aid a fte r 8 h o u rs
a day.
u tilitie s (72 p e rc e n t) and m an ufactu rin g (15 p e r c e n t ).
Establishments and Workers Within Scope of Survey and Number Studied in Chicago, 1 1 , 1 by Major Industry Division, March 1954
1.
Number of establishments
Industry division
All divisions
Minimum size
establishment
in scope of
study 2
Manufacturing--- --- ----- ----------------- --- —
Nonmanufacturing — _________________________________
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and
other public u i ities ___ .
tl
___________________________
Wholesale trade- ----- ------------------- --- ----Retail trade ------------ --------------------------Finance, insurance, and real estate ------------------Services 3 _________________________________________
101
101
51
101
51
51
Studied
3 107
,
_ -- --------------------------------_
Within
scope of
study
419
1 383
1,724
166
253
32
53
51
49
122
539
206
368
489
68
Workers
Studied
Within
scope of
study
Total
1 ,1 0 2 , 1 0 0
513,100
114,310
647,300
454, 800
272,170
240,930
41,750
72,560
89,000
74,700
143,000
78,300
69,800
71,480
14,550
98,400
34,300
18,460
4 660
,
20,360
23,030
6 ,050
2 2 ,2 0 0
Office
1 The Chicago Area (Cook County).
2 Total establishment employment.
For wage study purposes, a l outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and
l
motion-picture theaters are considered as one establishment.
3 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engi
neering and architectural services.
Shift O p era tion s
A fifth o f the plant w o r k e r s in m an ufactu rin g in d u strie s
w e r e w ork in g on even in g or night shifts in M a rch 1954.
T h ese
w o r k e r s w e r e paid a p rem iu m o v e r d a y -s h ift ra te s in n e a r ly all
e s ta b lis h m e n ts; h o w e v e r , th ere was co n s id e r a b le v a ria tio n in the
type and am ount o f the p re m iu m .
The p ra ctice o f paying u n iform
c e n ts -p e r -h o u r d iffe r e n tia ls ov e r day-sh ift ra tes was som ew hat m o r e
p re v a len t than paying p ercen ta g e d iffe r e n tia ls .
E xcep t fo r about
a fou rth o f the e x t r a -s h ift w o r k e r s , who r e c e iv e d a d iffe r e n tia l o f
10 p e rc e n t on s e co n d s h ifts , the am ount o f the d iffe r e n tia l v a rie d
w id e ly fo r oth er w o r k e r s .
P a id H olid a ys
Six h o lid a y s w ith pay w ere p rov id ed in esta b lish m e n ts with
about tw o -th ir d s o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s and th re e -fo u r th s o f the plant
w orkers.
M o s t o f the oth er estab lish m en ts p r o v id e d m o r e than 6
paid h o lid a y s .
B y c o n tr a s t, th r e e -fifth s o f the plant w o r k e r s in the
s e r v ic e in d u s trie s r e c e iv e d only 1 or 2 paid h o lid a y s .
T w o -fifth s
o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s in fin ance in d u stries w ere in e sta b lish m en ts
p ro v id in g 11 h o lid a y s , and a fourth o f both o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s
in p u b lic u tilitie s w e r e e m p lo y e d in esta b lish m en ts p rovid in g 9 h o li
d a y s.
P r o v is io n s w e r e re p o r te d fo r p rem iu m pay fo r w o rk on paid
h o lid a y s b y e s ta b lis h m e n ts em p loyin g tw o-th ird s o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s
and n e a r ly s e v e n -e ig h th s o f the plant w o r k e r s .
Double tim e (in clu d
ing h o lid a y pay) w as co m m o n ly paid, although p r o v is io n s fo r double
tim e and o n e -h a lf o r tr ip le tim e app lied in esta b lish m e n ts with a
sixth o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s and about a fourth o f the plant w o r k e r s .
P a id V a ca tio n s
V ir tu a lly a ll o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s w e re e m p lo y e d in
e s ta b lis h m e n ts having fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r paid v a ca tio n s .
N ea rly
fo u r -fift h s o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s w ere em p loy ed in e sta b lish m en ts
gran tin g 2 w e e k s ' v a ca tio n after a yea r of s e r v ic e .
Other e s ta b
lis h m e n ts that ga ve 1 w eek after a y ea r of s e r v ic e , u su a lly gave
2 w eek s a fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e .
S erv ice re q u ire m e n ts v a rie d
am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts granting m o r e than 2 w eek s to o ffic e w o r k e r s
with long s e r v i c e .
E sta b lish m e n ts with a lm o s t a fourth o f the o ffic e
w o r k e r s gave m o r e than 2 w eek s (co m m o n ly 3 w eek s) after 10 y e a rs
o f s e r v ic e ; a fte r 15 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e this p ro p o rtio n am ounted to
n e a r ly t h r e e -fo u r t h s .
V a ca tion s o f 4 w eek s o r m o r e after 25 y e a r s
o f s e r v ic e w e r e given by e sta b lish m e n ts w hich e m p loy ed about a
fourth o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s ; re ta il trad e e s ta b lish m e n ts, with n e a rly
tw o -th ird s o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s , gave such v a ca tio n s.
V a ca tio n plans fo r plant w o r k e r s co m m o n ly p ro v id e d fo r 1
w e e k 's paid v a ca tio n a fter a y e a r o f s e r v i c e .
E lig ib ility r e q u ir e
m en ts fo r p aid v a ca tio n s o f 2 w eek s (o r an equivalent o f 4 p e rce n t
o f annual e a rn in g s) v a r ie d fr o m 1 to 5 y e a r s .
A fte r 15 y e a r s o f
s e r v ic e , e s ta b lis h m e n ts with th r e e -fo u r th s o f the plant w o r k e r s
gave 3 w e e k s ' paid v a ca tion and, a fter 25 y e a r s , th ose e m p lo y
ing an eighth o f the plant w o r k e r s gave 4 w eeks o r m o r e .
H ealth,
In s u ra n ce ,
and P e n s io n P lan s
P la n s p rovid in g health, in s u ra n ce , or pension b en efits with
c o s ts paid e n tir e ly >r in part by e m p lo y e r s w ere a vaila b le to all
but about 6 p e rce n t o f the o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s .
The m o st
p re v a le n t p lan — life in s u ra n ce — w as p r o v id e d in estab lish m en ts with
n in e-ten th s o f the o f fi c e w o r k e r s and a lm o s t as high a p ro p o rtio n o f
the plant w o r k e r s .
H o sp ita liza tio n and s u rg ica l b en efits ranked
secon d and th ir d in p re v a le n c e am ong oth er ty p e s o f in su ra n ce m ade
a v a ila b le to o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s .
S ick n ess and a ccid e n t in s u r
ance w as m a de a v a ila b le to a high er p ro p o rtio n o f plant w o r k e r s
than o ffic e w o r k e r s ; h o w e v e r, c lo s e to h a lf o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s
as co m p a re d with a fifth o f the plant w o r k e r s w ere c o v e r e d by paid
s ic k le a v e p la n s . R e tire m e n t plans w e re p ro v id e d in e stab lish m en ts
with 7 0 p e r c e n t o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s and 55 p e rce n t o f the plant
w orkers.
P r e v a le n c e o f ea ch type o f b en efit plan v a rie d am ong
in d u stry g ro u p s stu died.
F o r e x a m p le , the p e rce n ta g e o f o ffic e
w o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts with p en sion plans fo r th ese w o r k e r s
ra n ged fr o m 28 p e rc e n t in s e r v ic e in d u strie s to 92 p e rce n t in public
u tilitie s .
S im ila r ly , em p loy m en t in e sta b lish m en ts with pension
plans applying to plant w o r k e r s ra n ged fr o m 20 p e rce n t in s e r v ic e s
to 63 p e rc e n t in p u b lic u tilitie s in d u s trie s .
A: Occupational Earnings
Table A-1: Office Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Chicago, 111., by industry division, March 1954)
A
verage
S ex , occupation, and in d u stry d iv ision
Number
of
w
orkers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
S
$
i
$
f
s
S
*
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
S
W
eekly
W
eekly Under 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00
earnings
hours
and
(Standard) (Standard) $
and
3 7 .5 0
s s f s s 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100 .0 0 o v er
Men
C le r k s , accounting, c l a s s A - ____________ 2 ,3 4 7
M anufacturing ___ ____ ____________ ~ r;o 8 7
N onm anufacturing ______________________ 1 ,2 6 0
P u b lic u tilitie s * ___________________
131
561
W holesale trad e ___________________ _
R e ta il tr a d e __ ______________________
110
F in a n c e * *
387
3 9 .5
3 9 .5 ”
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
$
8 1 .0 0
85'1w
7 9 .5 0
8 2 .0 0
8 1 .0 0
8 0 .0 0
7 7 .5 0
C le r k s , accounting, c l a s s B
____________
M an u factu rin g ___ __ __________________
N onm anufacturing __ ____ ______________
W holesale trad e _ ___________________
1. 106
535
571
160
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
6 5 .5 0
6 9 .5 0
6 1 .5 0
6 4 .5 0
_
-
C le r k s , o rd e r __ _________________________
M anufacturing __ _____________________
N onm anufacturing ______________________
W holesale t r a d e _______ ____________
1. 542
453
1 ,0 8 9
881
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
7 7 .5 0
7 8 .0 0
7 7 .0 0
7 9 .5 0
C le r k s , p a y r o ll____ ______________________
M anufacturing __________ ____________
N onm anufacturing__ __________________
604
497
107
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
D u p licating -m ach in e o p e ra to rs
(m im eograph o r d i t t o ) ___________________
179
O ffice boys _____ __________________________
M anufacturing ___________ ____________
N onm anufacturing______________________
W holesale trad e _ __________________
R e ta il trad e ____ __________________
F in a n c e * *
___ ____ ____________
S e r v i c e s _______ _____________________
1 ,2 1 8
173
160
559
250
T abu latin g -m ach in e o p e r a t o r s -----------------M anufacturing _________________________
N onm anufacturing __ ---------------------------F in a n c e * * . --------------------------------------
5t >
r
.
-
_
-
_
.
-
_
-
2
2
-
1
1
.
-
8
8
2
-
_
-
4
4
-
10
8
2
1
11
1
10
6
100
16
84
12
57
26
31
10
38
6
32
-
75
12
63
5
166
65
101
13
_
-
_
-
.
-
_
-
_
-
6
4
2
-
20
9
11
9
21
10
11
11
27
1
26
24
43
11
32
26
87
19
68
42
7 3 .0 0
7 4 .0 0
6 8 .5 0
_
-
-
_
-
_
-
2
1
1
7
1
6
1
1
22
9
13
24
18
6
8
2
3 8 .5
1 .7 8 4
-
5 4 . 50
-
-
2
10
28
29
13
27
19
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
3 7 .5
4 8 .5 0
4 8 .0 0
4 8 .5 0
4 9 .0 0
4 7 .0 0
4 9 .0 0
4 7 .5 0
64
57
7
-
197
44
153
10
16
61
64
183
71
112
10
15
61
14
387
66
321
65
63
133
50
159
54
105
19
24
36
5
57
29
28
6
3
19
-
267
97
170
9
28
99
21
127
61
66
10
7
23
5
_
-
6
-
_
-
-
5
3
6
6
2
1
18
5
13
55
40
15
_
-
1
2
-
-
-
2
1 .2 4 1
574
667
329
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
7 2 .0 0
7 4 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
6 6 .5 0
_
-
1 .4 2 5
654
771
118
376
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
5 8 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
5 8 .5 0
6 4 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
_
-
444
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
5 4 .0 0
5 4 .0 0
5 0 .5 0
_
-
21
1
1
12
141
40
101
16
41
6
20
217
”T 5
151
8
72
10
56
174
85
89
1
40
8
36
87
29
58
1
40
9
8
352
194
158
12
65
20
56
371
141
230
19
117
15
58
368
136
2 32
36
81
16
94
263
217
46
7
8
8
23
no
89
21
9
7
4
1
152
62
90
10
67
8
3
141
39
102
34
40
11
29
14
80
75
5
3
109
61
48
41
53
42
11
5
97
66
31
16
96
84
12
-
23
23
~
6
6
-
"
_
“
70
64
9
88
24
64
26
105
56
49
26
121
42
79
67
90
6
84
72
208
61
147
125
185
65
120
114
166
48
118
118
120
27
93
93
26
22
4
4
159
42
117
115
9
4
5
21
16
5
32
25
7
69
64
5
118
101
17
62
56
6
81
70
11
66
53
13
54
52
2
7
3
4
10
10
11
8
3
9
11
5
-
4
5
12
4
1
-
-
-
-
176
22
154
24
2
46
69
69
37
32
4
28
-
57
12
45
16
2
26
19
9
10
-
5
5
5
-
10
10
-
■
-
“
“
-
~
47
32
15
13
73
93
29
64
43
73
17
56
29
101
74
34
40
173
62
174
37
31
22
111
10
36
52
29
65
29
36
9
40
28
63
54
150
179
227
153
74
17
27
148
49
99
53
136
29
107
12
1
11
4
2
2
44
83
-
-
37
5
59
1 “ T i ----- 25“
4
34
35
3
9
20
3
_
6
14
4
12
—
r
10
1
—
r
10
-
47
54
17
-
-
97
36
61
36
36
52
17
10
88
7
7
-
122
12
6
5
1
13
9
~
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
Women
B i l l e r s , m achine (billin g m ach in e) -------M an u factu rin g ...... ........................... .............. —
N onm anufacturing----------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s *
......... .......................
W holesale t r a d e _____________________
B i l l e r s , m achine (bookkeeping
m ach in e)
------------ --------------------------------N onm anufacturing __ __________________
R e ta il tra d e -------- ------- ------------------
409
190
12
12
12
2
-
14
14
14
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
21
21
20
45
19
26
-
189
80
109
20
1
-
57
29
28
-
4
59
13
13
24
24
37
37
20
21
12
1
190
86"
101
68
104
42
49
111
22
18
64
49
49
35
137
114
16
75
69
1
21
1
47
27
36
4
1
1
20
25
1
1
3
2
1
3
1
-
7
13
45
7
4
3
4 4
4
4
3
15
8
2
-
4
Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, 111., March 1954
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF L A BOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
T a b le A - l: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Chicago, 1 1 , by industry division, March 1954)
1.
A
vekagz
S e x , o ccu p ation , and in d u stry d iv is io n
Number
of
w
orkers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME W
EEKLT^ EARNINGS OF
s
$
S
S
$
$
S
$
s
$
s
5
s
$
$
$
$
s
s
W
eekly
W
eekly Under 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 $i 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00
7
earnings $
hours
and
(Standard) (Standard)
and
under
3 7 .5 0
4 0 ,0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 § .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 o v er
W omen - C ontinued
B o o k k ee p in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to rs,
c l a s s A ___
__ __ ___
__
___ __ __
M an u facturin g
N o n m a n u factu rin g _______________________
W h o le sale tr a d e _ ______
____ __
1. 163
454
709
332
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
6 7 .0 0
6 8 .0 0
-
-
-
B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ,
c l a s s B __
M an u factu rin g
N o n m an ufacturing
W h o lesale tr a d e _
__ „ __ __ __
R e ta il tra d e
F in a n c e * *
3 ,4 9 7
1, 108
2 ,3 8 9
319
253
1 ,7 0 0
3 8 .5
" 3 9 '. 5
3 8 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 7 .5
5 7 .0 0
6 0 .0 0
5 5 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
5 4 .5 0
•55.00
-
-
52
21
31
3
28
C le r k s , acco u n tin g , c l a s s A
M anufa ctu rin g
N on m an ufacturin g
P u b lic u t ilitie s *
_
W h o le sale tra d e _
_________
R e ta il t r a d e __ __ ____
__
F in a n c e * *
„ __ ________ „
S e r v ic e s _ _
2. 174
662
1 ,5 1 2
188
429
196
521
178
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .0
7 0 .0 0
7 2 .6 0
6 9 .0 0
6 6 .5 0
6 9 .5 0
6 8 .0 0
7 0 .0 0
6 9 .0 0
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
3
3
2
1
C le r k s , a cco u n tin g , c l a s s B ______________
M an u factu rin g __ __ __ „ ____________
N o n m a n u factu rin g — __ ____ _________
P u b lic u t ilitie s *
__ ___
W h o le sale t r a d e --------------------------------R e ta il tr a d e — __
______ _____ __
F in a n c e * *
__ __ ____ __ __
_____
S e r v ic e s — __ __ __ __
6 .0 2 9
1 ,8 1 4
4 ,2 1 5
208
1 ,0 6 5
1 ,0 3 7
1 ,4 3 4
471
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .0
3 9 .0
5 6 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
5 5 .0 0
5 5 .5 0
5 7 .0 0
5 3 .5 0
5 4 .5 0
5 6 .0 0
6
-■
6
6
-
22
22
1
21
-
82
82
4
44
33
1
81
6
75
16
40
17
2
4 79
104
375
6
17
83
233
36
_
C le r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A ________
M an u factu rin g __ __ ____
N onm an ufacturin g
__
__
W h o le sale tra d e _ __ __
F in a n c e * *
_ __ __ __
$
6 7 .5 0
6 8 .0 6
_____ _ __
____________
__ __ _____
____________
__
__ __
1 .3 4 4
582
762
133
480
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
5 7 .5 0
6 0 .5 0
5 5 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
5 4 . 00
C le r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B
M an u factu rin g ____ __ __ __ __ _____
___ __ __ __ __
N on m an ufacturin g _
W h o le sa le t r a d e _____________________
R e ta il t r a d e __ __
__ __ __ „ __
F in a n c e * * _ „ __ __ __ __ __
____ __ __ __ __
S e r v ic e s — __
5 .9 7 7
1 ,4 8 3
4 , 494
810
541
2 ,3 2 7
366
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .0
3 9 .5
4 7 .0 0 2 162
4 6 .6 0
22
140
4 6 .5 0
4 8 .5 0
4 7 .5 0
32
4 4 .5 0
107
1
4 8 .0 0
C le r k s , o rd e r __ __ __ ____ __ ____ __
M an u factu rin g ____ __ ____ _____ __
N onm anuf a ctu rin g ---------------------------------W h o le sale tr a d e _ __ __ __ __
__
R e ta il tra d e — __ ---------------------- ------
1 ,9 8 8
863
1, 125
486
498
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
5 8 .0 0
6 0 .0 0
5 6 .0 0
6 1 .5 0
5 1 .0 0
-
4
-
4
-
4
'
-
“
71
hT T “
57
13
42
1
1
1
-
247
30
217
20
197
-
777
164
613
47
36
495
15
764
128
108
469
52
23
39
11
28
-
-
49
34
15
23
23
15
-
23
116
6
110
5
99
969
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte,
**Finance, insurance, and real estate.
198
46
155
2
21
126
15
15
15
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
156
77
79
12
10
12
40
5
158
71
87
1
30
4
37
15
59
17
42
2
_
1
20
19
8
6
2
1
_
_
_
1
13
_
13
3
10
_
_
-
13
7
6
_
5
1
2
2
_
_
-
_
.
.
_
■
_
_
_
_
_
. _
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
1
1
1
.
_
-
14
14
-
13
11
2
-
32
5
27
5
47
21
26
6
112
37
75
22
141
4
137
37
2 90
118
172
130
84
38
46
22
229
128
101
42
60
10
50
27
81
33
48
20
28
5
23
19
32
30
2
2
152
426
T5“
6l
137
365
14
22
13
31
104
289
327
51
2 76
85
24
160
532
135
397
69
37
275
608
102
506
41
35
403
490
217
273
56
63
138
214
143
71
6
5
50
193
153
40
11
7
20
121
97
24
3
40
38
2
_
1
1
23
8
15
_
_
15
50
10
40
10
_
30
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
10
10
7
3
52
8
44
1
15
8
20
74
74
15
5
1
32
21
83
8
75
18
6
12
29
10
270
71
199
53
32
39
75
-
197
47
150
21
60
16
37
16
363
125
238
13
155
27
41
2
202
i3 “
159
12
7
42
62
36
119
53
66
13
12
14
18
9
89
50
39
9
7
4
14
5
318
86
2 32
14
80
24
99
15
792
183
609
23
171
169
171
75
721
143
578
51
193
141
146
47
793
189
604
17
180
192
133
82
613
800
299
501
42
163
95
95
106
476
124
3 52
6
60
39
201
46
283
128
155
5
53
37
55
5
155
77
78
6
35
10
13
14
157
112
45
1
39
3
2
-
56
49
7
7
-
65
54
11
_
10
_
1
4 33
137
296
5
58
96
10 %
c
25
74
88
201
25
19
-
-
12fc13
109
5
92
157
43
114
55
44
139
57
82
14
41
176
115
61
3
36
85
38
47
3
29
146
76
70
24
40
170
106
64
7
42
38
25
13
8
2
49
31
18
5
7
48
47
1
1
-
43
11
32
18
1173
244
929
193
62
527
89
938
231
707
133
92
250
64
866
307
559
122
60
202
95
357
128
229
46
60
38
28
262
64
198
91
35
37
9
124
29
95
40
18
3
11
53
24
29
10
9
2
1
24
18
6
12
10
2
4
1
3
9
6
3
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
_
_
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
134
4
130
2
103
145
45
100
34
53
242
102
140
43
79
131
46
85
62
21
302
124
178
73
98
221
85
136
60
69
183
98
85
45
7
31
16
15
13
44
35
9
8
101
70
31
30
67
63
4
64
5
59
55
27
26
1
31
6
25
25
_
-
4
146
93
53
32
1
-
-
2
24
7
17
13
11
4
7
3
-
-
3
3
_
-
-
4
4
_
_
-
.
-
48
T a b le A - l: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Chicago, 111., by industry division, March 1954)
A
verage
S ex , occupation, and in d ustry d iv ision
Number
of
w
orkers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
S
W
eekly
W
eekly ^ n d er 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 . 00 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 * 9 5 .0 0 1100.00
hours
earnings
and
(Standard) (Standard) 3 7 .5 0 under
and
4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 00.00 o v er
Women - Continued
C le r k s , p a y r o ll____________________________
M anufacturing ------------------------------------N onm anufacturing _____________________
P u b lic u tilitie s * ------------------------------W holesale trad e ____________________
R e ta il t r a d e __________________________
F in a n ce * * _______________ ___ ____
S e r v ic e s ---------------------------------------------
2, 801
1 ,7 1 1
1 ,0 9 0
210
258
360
124
138
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
3 8 .0
3 9 .5
$
6 3 .0 0
1
6 3 .0 0 ------1
6 3 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
6 4 .5 0
6 1 .0 0
6 3 .0 0
6 3 .5 0
-
C om ptom eter o p e ra to rs __________ ________
M an u factu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing ______________________
P u b lic u tilitie s *
---------------------------W holesale trad e ____________________
R e ta il t r a d e ---------------------------------------___________ ______ ______
F in a n ce * *
S e r v i c e s _____________________________
4, 350
1 ,8 4 4
2 ,5 0 6
114
637
1 ,0 7 2
155
528
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .0
4 0 .0
6 1 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
5 9 .5 0
6 3 .0 0
5 9 .5 0
5 9 .0 0
5 6 .0 0
6 0 .5 0
-
D u p licating -m ach in e o p e ra to rs
(m im eograph o r d i t t o ) ___________________
M anufacturing _________________________
N onm anufacturing______________________
513
349
164
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
54. 00
5 4 .5 0
5 2 .5 0
Key-punch o p era to rs ______________________
M anufacturing __ ______________________
N onm anufacturing ____________ ____ ____
P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
R e ta il trad e _________________________
F in a n ce * *
_____________________
2, 810
1 ,3 7 0
1 ,4 4 0
203
229
806
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
O ffice g ir ls ________________________________
M an u factu rin g ----------------------------------------N onm anufacturing --------------------------------W holesale tra d e -------------------------------F in a n ce * * ___________________________
1 ,0 3 1
394
637
170
308
S e c r e t a r i e s -------------------------------------------------M an u factu rin g _______ ___________________
N onm anufacturing----------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s *
--------------------------W holesale t r a d e __________________ R e ta il tr a d e __________________________
F in a n ce * * ___________________________
S e r v ic e s ____________________________
_
-
13
4
9
9
-
8
8
*
8
-
33
6
27
16
7
4
59
31
22
2
5
13
1
1
4
4
4
-
24
24
1
23
-
50
50
29
15
6
62
6
56
1
8
41
6
103
47
56
7
34
6
9
3
1
2
1
1
18
15
3
12
4
8
63
41
22
5 8 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
6 1 .5 0
5 5 .0 0
5 6 .5 0
_
-
_
-
4
-
4
37
37
2
35
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 7 .0 0
4 8 .0 0
4 6 .0 0
4 7 .0 0
4 6 .5 0
9
7
2
-
46
181
55
126
44
51
9 ,5 2 9
4, 353
5, 176
279
714
1 ,6 2 8
1 ,5 1 7
1 ,0 3 8
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
3 7 .5
7 2 .5 0
7 4 .0 0
7 1 .0 0
74. 00
’ 7 5 .0 0
6 8 .0 0
7 1 .5 0
7 2 .5 0
_
-
_
-
S ten o g ra p h ers, g en e ra l ___________________ 1 0 ,2 3 9
5, 072
M an u factu rin g __________________________
5, 167
N onm anufacturing______ ________________
P u b lic u tilitie s * _____________________
414
1 ,2 8 2
W holesale trad e ______________________
505
R e ta il tr a d e ------------------------ -----------2, 196
F in a n ce * * _______ _____________ ____
770
S e r v i c e s ________________________ ___
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 7 .5
3 8 .0
6 2 .0 0
6 3 .0 0
6 0 .5 0
6 5 .5 0
62. 00
5 7 .0 0
5 9 .5 0
6 2 .5 0
-
_
-
-
-
_
168
315
113 j 174
141
55
22
3
3
19
25
77
13
18
11
5
267
153
114
22
45
27
9
11
395
231
164
46
33
23
10
52
278
170
108
9
51
20
19
9
279
206
73
13
19
28
5
8
229
157
72
9
26
23
8
6
148
110
38
6
13
2
15
2
74
55
19
4
7
4
1
3
206
108
98
36
31
10
17
4
88
54
34
17
4
13
-
41
6
35
2
1
15
17
11
_
11
_
1
10
-
8
8
2
_
6
-
_
_
_
-
413
193
220
70
85
12
53
223
49
174
4
33
76
22
39
5 38
177
361
13
121
180
20
27
442
152
290
11
72
138
41
28
746
322
424
17
144
155
22
86
612
199
413
25
83
91
17
197
379
222
157
28
50
57
22
216
114
102
3
34
26
39
196
155
41
5
1
26
9
72
63
9
4
3
2
-
127
117
10
7
2
1
141
26
115
2
4
103
6
1
1
-
1
1
-
_
-
_
-
72
32
40
66
57
9
64
49
15
33
23
10
49
21
28
75
60
15
16
11
5
28
27
1
6
6
-
2
1
1
5
1
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
141
47
94
2
30
50
103
53
50
2
9
38
247
66
181
3
45
115
326
173
153
10
25
97
441
260
181
39
26
98
313
143
170
27
10
113
454
245
209
23
71
80
353
179
174
26
7
99
134
69
65
22
3
21
120
45
75
40
3
24
41
21
20
5
12
32
21
11
1
10
64
48
16
1
10
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
120
32
88
3
46
258
80
178
40
92
130
48
82
13
50
125
54
71
36
28
87
47
40
20
13
29
26
3
2
22
13
9
5
2
10
9
1
-
7
2
5
5
5
5
5
_
-
1
1
-
_
-
1
1
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
9
9
9
7
7
-
82
43
39
2
2
17
10
78
10
68
1
14
22
22
9
203
94
109
1
17
63
15
13
251
29
222
3
13
91
56
59
833
253
580
7
30
263
176
104
730
233
497
55
63
154
160
65
1010
489
521
16
80
230
97
98
858
383
4 75
21
58
141
184
71
1201
550
651
59
37
264
129
162
662
4 30
232
11
44
83
62
32
1454
630
824
34
115
161
3 32
182
914
515
399
25
102
355
235
120
18
32
18
23
29
171
111
60
3
30
1
20
6
223
104
119
113
71
4 62
237
225
15
53
27
90
40
1
1
1
17
17
1
6
10
127
34
93
4
2
10
60
17
746
363
383
15
93
87
150
38
523
225
298
23
54
44
137
40
1401
558
843
27
178
118
353
167
1066
502
5 64
26
119
64
296
59
1693
841
852
40
232
52
420
108
1048
574
474
56
99
25
220
74
1203
680
523
41
223
17
198
44
732
392
340
79
52
3
166
40
529
275
254
35
119
17
25
58
274
159
115
11
23
2
22
57
461
303
158
37
58
13
22
28
124
73
51
9
8
8
20
6
41
11
30
2
28
7
5
2
2
-
27
27
-
1
1
1
-
-
19
27
9
14
180
4
-
-
26 .
26
1
2
23
218
50
168
5
22
38
97
6
126
54
17
31
1
5
8
.
See footnotes at end of ta b le .
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
88
8
24
4
26
57
Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Chicago, 1 1 , by industry division, March 1954)
1.
A
verage
S e x , o ccu p ation , and in d u stry d iv ision
Number
of
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
$
$'
$
$
$
$
$
$
i
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
W
eekly
W
eekly Under 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 67. 50 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 . 00 80. 00 85.,00 90. 00 9 5 .0 0 100.00
4
(Standard) (Standard) 37 50
j
and
J o ;S o 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 57. 50 6 0 .0 0 '62, 50 6 5 .0 0 67. 50 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 85, 00 90,,00 95, 00 100.00 over
Women - Continued
3 8 .5
~ ~ is r r
3 8 .5
78
13
65
56
23
33
87
48
39
46
23
23
24
16
8
45
34
11
55
53
2
7
3
4
180
42
138
27
7
36
42
26
228
63
165
19
61
34
31
20
160
35
125
5
8
14
36
62
216
78
138
20
40
30
32
16
189
58
131
31
38
16
29
17
105
52
53
9
23
1
4
16
111
63
48
16
6
*2
24
59
30
29
1
3
1
11
13
64
24
40
27
10
_
2
1
50
19
31
13
2
_
14
2
20
1
19
_
16
3
2
2
_
_
_
-
231
160
71
6
23
38
4
244
115
129
53
41
18
9
339
188
151
89
11
17
34
262
T28l
134
101
5
26
2
258
154
104
60
7
2
18
129
85
44
30
9
2
-
59
29
30
10
13
1
5
63
62
1
1
-
66
51
15
12
.
.
3
4
4
4
24
24
20
_
4
32
32
19
.
13
7
4
3
2
_
-
10
10
49
9
104
24
118
31
83
31
65
30
67
27
101
45
100
46
72
40
36
15
47
11
33
6
9
5
2
48
2
46
4
19
158
88
70
9
36
220
113
107
23
51
116
22
94
33
44
202
81
121
39
59
156
48
108
7
63
206
105
101
22
47
178
104
74
33
14
71
38
33
10
16
70
23
47
1
19
64
23
41
5
6
18
1
17
22
7
2
6
6
-
-
2
2
_
-
84
20
64
60
127
53
74
3
5
50
8
226
70
156
3
7
108
12
391
173
218
3
14
123
42
837
395
442
12
15
302
65
499
215
284
12
32
166
37
729
431
298
26
43
155
35
521
320
201
15
25
122
32
329
201
128
9
35
50
18
217
139
78
15
19
24
15
232
161
71
5
7
17
39
123
45
78
17
30
18
84
28
56
13
_
1
42
1324 2408
352 1104
972 1304
264
162
186
132
471
562
228
112
1418
515
903
161
170
440
102
1240
564
676
128
120
269
85
656
338
318
80
25
97
96
672
316
356
69
2
50
219
144
101
43
14
148
104
44
21
12
9
20
10
10
10
_
4
4
.
-
.
“
.
-
-
.
-
2
29
.
29
.
.
16
13
-
162
1
161
1
24
9
2
125
90
1
89
7
27
2
53
151
6
145
21
5
21
13
85
319
38
281
18
6
42
52
163
11
11
.
.
-
6
6
6
.
.
-
69
17
52
5
10
21
5
144
74
70
24
2
40
4
-
5 7 .0 0
6 2 .0 0
5 5 .5 0
6 1 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
5 2 .5 0
5 8 .5 0
5 2 .0 0
3
3
.
.
2
1
-
_
.
.
.
.
.
-
Sw itch b oard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n is ts -------1 .9 4 8
M an u facturin g ---------------------------------------1 ,0 7 8
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------870
W h o lesa le t r a d e ------------------------------- —
416
R e ta il t r a d e ---------------------------------------142
F in a n c e * * --------------------------------------- -166
S e r v i c e s --------------------------------------—-----105
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .0
3 9 .0
5 7 .5 0
5 7 .5 0
5 7 .5 0
5 8 .0 0
5 8 .5 0
5 2 .0 0
6 0 .5 0
.
.
-
.
.
.
.
.
-
T a b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s ------------------N onm anufacturing —-------------------------------
897
332
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
63. 50
6 4 .0 0
-
-
*
1
1
1. 545
661
884
186
384
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 8 .0
•
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
-
8
4 .5 4 7
2 ,2 8 2
2 ,2 6 5
135
202
1, 306
374
3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 8 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 7 .5
3 8 .0
6 0 .0 0
6 1 .0 0
58. 50
64. 50
6 1 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
6 2 .5 0
1
2
8
94
1
.
_
2
8
.
.
6
-
94
.
.
92
-
Typists, class B --------------------------------------- 1 0 .6 4 5
Manufacturing — —--------------------------------- 3 ,9 6 8
Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------- 6, 677
Wholesale trade-------------1 ,2 2 5
Retail trade----------------9?3
Finance * * -----------------3, 025
1, 074
Services
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 8 .0
3 8 .5
51. 50
5 3 .0 0
5 0 .5 0
5 0 .5 0
4 9 .5 0
5 0 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
.
-
273
36
237
53
92
79
13
472
108
364
97
54
121
87
Typists, class A -----------------Manufacturing -----------------Nonmanufacturing --------------Public util t e * -------------iis
Wholesale trade-------------Finance ** -----------------Services---------------------
87
25
62
“
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 8 .0
4 1 .0
Finance ** ------------------
44
7
37
2
7 1 .0 0
6 4 .0 0
Sw itch board o p e r a t o r s --------------------------------- 2. 140
M an u facturin g ---------------------------------------513
N onm anufacturing ---------------------------------- 1, 627
P u b lic u tilitie s * -------------------------------216
W h o lesa le t r a d e --------------------------------233
R e ta il t r a d e ------------ ---------------------------249
F in a n c e * * ------------------------------------------302
S e r v ic e s ----------------------------------- --------627
T r a n s c rib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ,
g e n e ra l --------- — —---——--------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ---------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------W h olesale t r a d e ---------------------------------
41
16
25
o
o
579
261
318
ee- 'O
S te n o g ra p h e rs , te c h n ic a l ----------------------------M an u facturin g ---------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g -----------------------------------
i
5 8 .0 0
5 8 .0 0
5 8 .0 0
5 7 .0 0
5 6 .5 0
.
-
.
-
-
.
.
-
.
.
.
-
61
-
61
27
5
29
.
6.
1
1784
4 04
1380
160
135
883
96
7i
_
7
-
23
4
_
2
1
32
.
.
-
-
_
.
2
-
42
30
12
2
1
1
_
_
_
_
"
_
10
_
_
-
-
1
_
1
1
_
.
-
1
_
1
_
_
-
-
.
-
-
_
_
_
-
-
-
■
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
1
_
_
_
-
j
-
_
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
„
_
_
_
.
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
_
_.
_
“
_
_
_
_
'
Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
Workers were distributed as follows: 4 at $30. 00 to $32. 50; 26 a $32. 50 to $35. 00; 132 at $35. 00 to $37. 50.
t
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
_
-
_
”
"
Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Chicago, 1 1., by industry division, March 1954)
1
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
A
vsbaqs
Number
of
w
orkers
S ex , occupation, and in d u stry d iv isio n
$
s
s
$
$
s
$
$
i
$
$
%
$
$
*
$
s
s
t
W
eekly
W
eekly
earnings Under *a h 8 ° 52. 50 55. 00 60. 00 6 5 . 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 9 5 . 00 100 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0
hours
(Standard) (Standard)
5 0 .0 0 under
52. 50 55. 00 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 70. 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 .0 0 9 5 . 00 100.00 105.00 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5.00 130.00 140.00 1 5 0 .0 0 1 6 0.00
s
1 6 0 .0C
and
over
Men
521
3 9 .5
$
1 3 0 .0 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
4
2
2
2
7
42
3 ,4 6 3
2, 247
1 ,2 1 6
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
9 9 .0 0
9 7 .0 6
1 0 2 .5 0
-
-
65
5b
15
90
63
27
167
T49
18
276
“W
43
100
4 28
242
186
471
304
167
450
-
34
16
18
350
“
170
285
158
127
....... ...................
D ra ftsm e n , jun ior
M anufacturing ________ .... _____
N onm anufacturing ____________ _
1 ,4 8 7
1, 112
375
3 9 .5
5 9 .5
3 9 .5
7 3 .0 0
71. ob
7 9 .0 0
12
8
4
21
9
12
18
18
"
76
60
16
215
195
20
215
lft?
28
242
22?
15
262
"T56
82
239
74
49
25
51
59
12
19
16
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
16
-
-
-
-
-
T r a c e r s ________________________ _______ _
140
4 0 .0
6 1 .0 0
10
5
11
50
10
46
4
2
2
765
45T"
305
621
375
246
144
85
59
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
39. 5
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
39. 5
39. 5
4 0 .0
72. 00
7 1 .0 0
73. 50
7 2 .0 0
7 1 . 50
7 3 .0 0
7 1 .0 0
6 9 .0 0
74. 50
-
-
3
3
16
l5
1
9
8
1
7
7
141
169
32
116
90
26
25
19
6
180
164
76
151
79
72
29
25
4
171
162
69
140
94
46
31
8
23
_
.
-
_
-
.
.
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
. .
.
_
_
D ra ftsm en , lea d er ______
_ __ _
_
D ra ftsm en , sen io r
M anufacturing ____________
_____
N onm anufacturing _________________
_
__
103
27
4"”
23
_
.
29
23'
6
28
22
6
1
1
5
2
3
3
2
1
2
2
286
-
_
17
144
~ n
66
—
70
221
7 4 r
80
61
69
91
74
284
224
60
no
49
61
51
10
41
37
25
53
_
-
_
37
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
_
_
_
.
_
Women
N u rse s, in d u strial (re g is te re d )
O n e-n u rse unit
M u ltip le-n u rse unit
M anufacturing
O n e-n u rse unit
M u ltip le-n u rse unit
N onm anufacturing
_
O n e-n u rse unit ------- _ _
M u ltip le-n u rse unit
__ __
-
-
3
3
115
47”
68
95
40
55
20
7
13
77
44
33
52
30
22
25
14
11
28
IT
17
27
10
17
1
1
.
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
_
_
.
_
_
_
_
_
Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, 1 1 , March 1954
1.
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LA B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Ta b le A -3 :
M a intena nce and P o w e rp la n t O c c u p a tio n s
(A verage hourly ea rn in g s 1 for m en in s e le c te d o ccup ation s studied on an a r e a
b a s is in C h icag o, 111. , by in d u stry d iv isio n , M arch 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
C a r p e n t e r s , m a in te n a n c e __________________
_
M a n u fa ctu rin g _ ________________________
R e t a il tr a d e ___________________________
of
Workers
1, 706
1 ,0 2 3
683
167
hourly
earnings
$
2.
2.
2.
2.
43
16
84
67
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Jnder 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1 .9 0 1 .9 5 2 .0 0 2. 05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2. 35 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2.,9 0 3. 00 3.10 3. 20
$
and
“
~
~
“
“
”
“
“
“
“
”
■
“
"
1. 60 u nd er
1 ,6 6 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 1. 85 1 .9 0 1 .9 5 2. 00
0 5 7. 10 7. 1 5 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2. 35 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2 .9 0 3,. 00 3. 10 3. 20 o v e r
-
9
9
11
11
.
_
14
14
..
66
62
4
4
25
3
22
2
76
59
17
13
172
163
9
9
81
74
7
34
31
3
62
48
14
13
173
162
11
11
55
52
3
1
118
61
116 —
13
2
1
5
88
84
4
35
31“
1
1
29
12
17
1
17
7
10
20
8
12
11
'
E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e _________________
M a n u fa ctu rin g _______ ...
_ _ __
_______
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ___ ..
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * _____
...
E n g in e e r s , s t a t i o n a r y ______ ____ ______
M a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ----------------------------------R e t a il t r a d e .......... .................................
F i n a n c e * * ---------- ---------------------------------
3 ,8 6 9
2, 748
1, 121
373
2 ,4 3 5
1 ,2 1 2
1 ,2 2 3
247
469
2 .4 2
2. 30
2. 71
2. 34
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
44
36
53
50
80
-
1
1
6
1
6
10
10
1, 186
-------348
103
1 .9 4
1. 87
2. 11
2. 03
'
'
84
79
5
3
'
75
43
32
3
36
28
8
4
82
64
18
16
96
92
4
2
'
'
47
41
6
6
46
44
2
2
-
110
103
7
1
'
13
-
'
F i r e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r __________ ___
M a n u fa ctu rin g ......................... .........
. _
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ---------- --------------------------------------- ------------------R e t a il t r a d e
28
-
20
6
14
14
28
-
-
32
25
7
4
45
25
20
-
13
-
17
14
3
3
88
84
4
2
-
41
23
18
6
2
11
11
-
109
104
5
1
130
58
72
3
133
130
3
2
179
163
16
273
215
58
23
97
87
10
6
84
58
26
14
213
113
100
16
337
300
37
30
130
129
1
1
64
51
13
13
~
'
90
83
7
248
218
30
3
'
'
'
'
26
22
4
37
25
12
45
17
28
106
37
69
61
101
36
65
306
294
12
10
158
147
11
2
“
54
39
15
-
36
32
4
435
370
65
42
2, 596
2, 115
481
73
1. 80
1 .7 8
1. 88
1. 88
M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m _______
M a n u fa ctu rin g ........................... ................
2 ,0 0 9
2 ,0 0 9
161
144
17
8
426
401
25
1
2. 31
2. 31
3, 573
3, 365
2. 38
2. 38
M e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e (m a in t e n a n c e ) ___
M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________ ______________
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _______ _____________
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ___ ____ _____________
R e t a il tr a d e ...... ..........................................
1 ,8 1 9
492
1 ,3 2 7
751
215
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
26
22
28
31
36
345
299
46
328
301
27
4
'
"
“
-
-
*
'
• -
-
-
28
18
10
234
58
176
"
31
6
25
9
9
-
450
54
396
"
~
8
5
3
”
15
_
15
-
2
1
1
1
"
5
1
4
4
"
393
71
322
41
275
“
125
35
90
69
2
273
148
125
20
~
373
142
231
36
175
21
21
8
8
3
5
62
14
48
-
10
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
“
“
'
"
'
'
'
'
6
6
-
4
4
-
2
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
252
“ 252“
212
212
136
136
56
56
7
7
2
2
5
5
1
1
1
1
12
9
30
28
"
22
22
153
153
31
31
-
-
-
-
-
-
114
80
34
8
118
40
78
1
118
115
3
20
25
“ zi>
42
117
~ rrr
~T T T
25
25
~
-
141
141
-
371
289
82
4
~
2
2
2
7
_
7
4
3
64
64
14
14
132
132
207
187
295
235
67
63
127
124
189
182
584
571
605
601
385
348
410
355
221
221
18
6
12
1
1
32
12
20
37
9
28
8
65
7
58
28
103
43
60
10
90
8
82
12
10
157
34
123
96
2
221
200
21
4
17
78
16
62
5
21
84
44
40
24
5
592
65
527
435
56
295
43
252
118
75
28
10
W
77
17
60
132
20
11
9
75
57
18
18
9
7
2
2
7
1
6
195
317
79
T T “ W 5“ T r r
103
-
-
-
151
139
“ T5T~ ~ T W
-
'
-
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
294
246
48
26
17
r r
'
M a c h in is t s , m a in te n a n c e .......... .................
M a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------- ------------- .
121
96
25
1
2
2
2
153
67
86
1
8
'
H e lp e r s t r a d e s , m a in te n a n c e
................_
M a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................... ......
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ............................ .........
R e t a il tr a d e
------- ----------- ------------------
162
49
113
107
520
12
508
78
'
152
144
8
539
405
134
131
15
2
13
13
'
'
-
-
-
10
7
3
3
21
21
9
5
4
-
4
-
Occupational Wage
-
-
28
10
14
10
-
10
S u r v e y , C h ic a g o , 111. , M a rch 1954
U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
Ta b le A -3 :
M a intena nce and P o w e rp la n t O c cup a tions - C ontinued
(A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu died on an a r e a
b a s is in C h ic a g o , i l l , , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , M a r c h 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY E 1iRNINGS OF—
O ccu p a tion and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
of
Workere
hourly
earnings
M e c h a n ic s , m a in ten a n ce _________ ________
M an ufacturin g ___________________________
N o n m an u factu rin g ...----------- ---------------------
2, 834
2, 641
193
$
2. 18
2. 18
2. 22
M illw rig h ts _________________________ ____ ___
M an u factu rin g -------------- --------- --------- --------
2, 252
2, 139
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
*
Under 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1. 90 1 .9 5 2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2. 35 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20
<
b
«
P
and
”
"
■
"
"
“
“
~
1. 60 under
2. 00 .2. 05 2 . 10 2 , 15 2. 20 2 .2 5 2. 30 2. 35 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 o v e r
U 65.. ■1..7JQ. I . 7.5 . .L-8 Q_ JLJ35.
2. 21
2. 21
-
2
2
-
11
7
4
39
36
3
149
147
2
316
305
11
129
92
37
140
136
4
299
293
6
66
60
6
172
165
7
322
312
10
287
280
7
170
159
11
353
318
35
306
296
10
57
22
35
7
7
6
6
-
-
-
1
1
-
5
5
2
2
73
73
31
31
35
~ T T
48
48
64
64
153
153
174
173
419
319
558
558
129
129
271
26l
129
129
95
93
13
13
12
12
7
7
36
36
~
“
“
"
269
266
3
194
188
6
27
24
14
10
20
20
-
-
-
-
13
13
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
“
“
“
"
3
492
21
471
3
3
"
_
'
O i l e r s __________________________________ _______
M an u factu rin g ____________________________
N o n m an u factu rin g _________________ ____
1 ,4 9 8
1 ,3 2 4
174
1. 81
1. 79
2. 00
2 209
206
3
32
32
103
lOT
135
131
4
130
184
82
128 HTTT" ------ T ~
30
80
2
27
75
5T~
22
'
"
P a in te r s __________ ______________________ _____
M an u factu rin g __ __________ ______________
N on m an u factu rin g ........................................
1 ,2 6 6
6oT
664
2. 48
2. 17
2. 76
1
-
.
-
-
1
29
9
20
11
9
2
30
96
28 — 87“
2
9
42
41
1
36
35
1
39
34
5
146
98
48
39
23
16
27
55
8
4
33
ZT~
8
32
3
23 “ I T - ------ y -
48
~ ~ W
2
46
'
41
5
5
35 — I T 11
1
1
20
34
30
4
-
3
1
1
"
P ip e f it t e r s , m a in ten a n ce _________________
M anufacturin g _________________________________
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________
1 ,4 0 3
1 ,2 7 1
132
2. 31
2. 27
2. 64
-
-
-
-
-
10
10
15
14
1
49
—
F T
44
30
157
146
43
191
— 3TT "4'2“ “ TT5“ — W ~ - T F T T i F ~
8
4
1
1
92
T
T
160
46
~ T r r — 45“
13
1
41
144
99
— F5“
34
7
—
T T
17
-------8“ “
9
93 ---------r
4
ST 28
3
22
-
-
_
22
"
“
41
2
'
P lu m b e r s , m a in ten a n ce _______ _______ ______
142
S h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r s , m a in te n a n ce ______
M an u factu rin g _________________ _____ ___
657
640
2. 28
2. 28
1
1
'
T o o l- a n d - d ie m a k e r s _______________________
M an u factu rin g ___________________________
1
2
*
**
4, 132
4, 132
2. 60
2. 60
1
1
2. 62
9
9
"
23
23
6
6
6
10
11
9
9
8
8
55
55
35
35
6
6
9
9
22
22
11
1
2
4
24
23
76
75
39
39
32
29
63
59
30
30
56
56
133
133
149
149
110
110
4
1
17
27
86
80
74
72
62
62
45
45
“
10
10
“
"
“
"
208
208
759
759
602
602
418
418
747
747
434
434
260
260
133
133
16
16
40
40
'
E x clu d e s p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r t im e and n ig h tw o rk .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o llo w s : 2 at $ 1. 30 to $ 1. 35; 32 at $ 1 .4 5 to $ 1. 50; 78 at $ 1. 50 to $ 1. 55; 97 at $ 1. 55 to $ 1, 60.
T r a n s p o r ta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
3
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M o ve m e n t O c c u p a tio n s
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in Chicago, 1 1 , by industry division, March 1954)
1.
O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
of
Workers
G u a rd s .......... ................... — ...........- ....................M a n u fa ctu rin g ______ ____ ________________
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ________________________
F in a n ce * * ____________________________
3, 354
2, 300
1 ,0 5 4
468
J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s (m en ) —
M a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________________
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ___________ ____ ________
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * _____________________
W h o le s a le tr a d e _____________________
R e t a il tr a d e __________________________
F in a n ce * * ____________________________
S e r v i c e s ______________________________
1 5 ,0 9 6
8 ,4 9 0
6 ,6 0 6
557
529
1,8 6 6
2 ,4 1 5
1 ,2 3 9
J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s
(w o m en ) ____ ______ _______ __________________
M a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________________
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
^
,___
_______ _____ . _
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
R e ta il traHp
F in a n c e * * ____________________________
S e r v i c e s ____________________________
5 ,9 0 2
865
5 ,0 3 7
101
465
3, 803
606
L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d l i n g ..................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ____________________________
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
... .
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
. ..... .. _ . .._
.
___
_ .. .
W h o le s a le tr a d e .
R e t a il tr a d e ___________________________
2 5 ,1 1 3
13, 652
1 1 ,4 6 1
2 , 659
5, 809
2 ,9 3 9
hourly
earnings
$
1.
1.
1.
1.
71
71
70
67
-
-
12
12
12
1. 53
1. 53
1. 53
1. 56
1 .4 3
1. 27
1. 89
1. 23
394
T T
376
11
146
219
149
149
9
12
128
377
61
316
12
19
148
137
29
41
27
29
14
29
24
127
11
116
45
48
23
38
38
14
1 . 62
1 . 61
1. 63
1 . 82
1 . 60
1 . 54
1 .6 9
1. 70
1. 69
1. 64
1 . 80
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
O r d e r f i l l e r s _______________________ ________
M a n u fa ctu rin g __________ _________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________ _
W h o le s a le tr a d e _____________________
R e t a il tr a d e ________________________ _ _
6 , 534
2 ,9 3 8
3, 596
2 ,4 2 8
1, 145
P a c k e r s , sh ip p in g (m en ) __________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g _____ ____ __________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ___ __ ...
__ ___
W h o le s a le t r a d e _____________________
R e t a il tr a d e
_____ _____ ______ .
6 , 134
47149
1 ,9 8 5
1, 574
373
1. 59
1 . 62
1. 53
1. 56
1 .4 1
P a c k e r s , sh ip p in g (w om en ) . . .
M a n u fa ctu rin g . ..... ..._ ... _
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
.. ...
___
3, 831
3, 392
439
1 .4 1
1 .4 3
1. 24
1 ,6 9 5
924
771
282
474
1. 84
1 . 88
1 . 80
1 .9 1
1. 75
_
...
_
____
R e c e iv in g c le r k s ___ ____________ ____ _______
M a n u fa ctu rin g
.... ....
.........
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________
W h o le s a le t r a d e ______________________
R e t a il tra d e ___________________________
NUMBER OF
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Under 0. 95 1 . 00 1. 05 1 . 1 0 1. 15 1 . 20 1. 25 1. 30 1. 35
<
t
and
$
“
"
“
"
"
”
u nd er
l-D.Q. -LJ15. 1 . 1 Q -L J 5 .1 ■ . - 2 0 1 .2 5 l , 30 1 ,3 5 1 .4 0
1
22
22
12
13
13
-
42
6
36
30
147
94
52
42
603
141
462
78
111
273
354
166
188
1
10
140
4
33
15
73
1
72
1
41
2
28
144
13
131
114
1
16
99
53
46
26
2
18
157
53
104
10
31
22
37
114
114
63
51
45
45
36
9
214
14
200
124
73
144
10
134
63
69
185
37
148
63
81
351
62
289
186
102
_
-
_
-
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
14
14
8
6
_
-
— J T
-
4
4
4
31
31
25
6
15
9
6
6
60
16
44
2
36
62
32
30
17
17
34
34
258
243
15
134
57
77
_
_
-■
-
5
5
-
_
-
432
11
11
-
38
22
16
13
208
79
129
57
646
584
635
1. 65
1. 70
226
209
17
3
246
215
31
18
209
181
28
14
147
131
16
4
898 2047
692 T W
206
339
57
36
94
73
59
59
8
5
9 '1 4 5
582
451
131
18
56
34
18
5
1283
1006
277
119
37
43
78
■
99
91
8
1
2
-
73
70
3
1
2
-
77
77
-
1. 55
165
154
11
5
104
50
54
34
$
$
1032
155 4167
37
81
118 4086
3
52
66
82
6 3487
11
455
141
23
118
9
30
77
-
10 1
36
65
26
5
34
-
212
92
120
Q
in
"
519
157
8
83
64
604
331
273
1
88
178
1. 75
1 . 80
1 .9 0
2 . 00
2 . 10
228
229
19 6
33
18
468
368
10 0
28
598
250
348
93
341
2 66
75
75
1
1
“
2
2
2
-
“
170
161
9
9
-
912
76T '
145
70
40
15
4
16
692
221
567 ' 153
68
125
93
36
24
3
25
8
4
~
251
109
142
1
1
127
13
2725
584”
2141
4
2021
116
63
63
2
£
56
“
59
14
45
39
6
_
-
_
"
-
10
10
10
.
3
3
_
.
.
_
.
_
_
_
_
66
44
_
3
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
1789 1993 2334
1 0 0 6 11376
718
617 1 6 1 6
789
34
4
714
449 1362
134
250
75
2996
421
2575
1736
623
199
1114
958
156
13
43
10 0
536
220
316
182
87
47
630
454
176
56
120
7
7
-
8
8
_
-
5
5
_
-
1
1
_
_
-
-
-
-
544
162
382
371
6
878
294
584
506
77
645
185
460
165
295
493
285
208
3
205
26
26
-
54
42
12
12
112
12
10 0
10 0
6
6
_
-
13
13
_
-
246
143
103
103
“
46
43
3
2
1
31
31
-
32
32
-
14
14
-
27
27
_
-
-
57
57
-
-
-
13
13
-
-
4
4
-
52
52
-
222
166
56
48
8
327
182
145
57
87
38
19
19
10
9
_
471
110
361
319
42
537
363
174
144
29
416
342
74
21
53
542
44?
95
56
25
330
163
167
76
91
651
247
404
397
7
361
19?
164
120
43
377
24?
130
106
19
311
165
146
124
17
346
174
172
142
29
670
460
210
166
40
391
352
39
6
33
522
466
87
59
23
434
398
36
34
2
348
217
131
78
50
639
349
290
290
-
617
448
169
165
4
174
134
40
286
249
37
172
159
13
378
351
27
1183
1147
36
112
112
171
171
340
338
2
122
122
-
30
30
66
24
42
-
9
1
8
35
19
2
17
58
36
22
2
19
129
37
92
127
92
35
1
34
154
92
62
47
15
291
146
145
63
81
69
27
9
18
256
150
106
74
24
38
23
15
185
131
54
1
3
-
1
15
3
1
15
-
12
-
8
18
18
4
12
-
35
24
11
17
52 .
29
23
2
21
84
55
29
-
29
"
-
_
177
79
98
41
56
230
143
87
69
18
2. 50 o v e r
-
-
113
28
85
54
31
239
116
123
88
34
r
2 .4 0
-
-
3382
2458
924
410
357
153
2351
2. 30
-
1458
799
659
420
239
1190
~~S W \ m
2 . 20
-
18
18
-
1941
1446
493
210
160
123
93
7
86
45
41
1. 90
1
1
-
47
47
_
_
-
~ 1 F T
1050
2
462
586
129
6
121
102
19
$
$
$
$
$
$
2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50
1 . 80
300
3
149
144
~ 3 F T
$
1. 75
and
241
34
36
128
41
2
-
1 . 60
1. 50
236
27
19
151
4
35
46
2
44
32
12
3
$
1. 70
1 .4 5
-7 T T
572
349
223
99
114
-
$
1. 65
1. 55
228
13
17
179
13
6
1
-
$
1 . 60
1. 50
384
18
2
319
14
31
630
$
1 .4 5
240
5
7
197
22
9
A lt
$
$
1 .4 0
"T F T
207
178
28
A t
$
~ T W
-
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
44
10
34
6
WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
92
_
-
-
40
24
16
_
_
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
5
5
37
13
24
24
_
25
25
_
_
16
Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, 1 1 , March 1954
1.
U. S DE P A R T M E N T OF LABOR
.
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M ove m e nt O c cup a tions - C ontinued
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations2 studied on an area
basis in Chicago, 1 1 , by industry division, March 1954)
1.
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
Shipping c le r k s
_
_ . _
M a n u factu rin g
_
_
__ , __________
__ .... ....
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g _______
W h o le s a le tr a d e _____________________
R e ta il tra d e . __ ___
S h ip p in g -a n d -r e c e iv in g c le r k s ............ .... .
M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________
N on m an u f ac tur ing
W h o le s a le tr a d e
_ _
___ ____
Number
of
Workers
1, 537
853
684
477
179
1 ,3 0 3
681
622
359
Average
hourly
earnings
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Under 0 .9 5 1. 00 1. 05 1. 10 1. 15 1. 20 1. 25 1. 30 1. 35 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75
and
$
under
0 .9 5 1 .0 0 1 .0 5 1. 10 1 ,1 5 1. 20 1 .2 5 1. 30 1. 35 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1 .6 5 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80
$
1 .9 1
1 .9 7
1. 82
1. 89
1. 65
1. 87
1 .8 6
1. 88
1 .9 7
$
%
1 .9 0
1 .9 0
2. 00
2. 10
2. 20
2. 30
over
1
5
1
1
12
5
61
1
5
1
1
5
1
61
42
18
58
33
25
6
19
129
107
22
9
13
72
35
37
37
88
36
52
12
39
94
27
67
53
12
419
154
265
238
11
144
82
62
54
5
159
138
21
15
2
90
88
2
2
37
27
10
10
"
3
3
-
1
5
4
47 ’
47
-
1
12
4
8
~
-
110
76
34
34
-
_
_
19
_
30
-
-
19
-
30
27
13
14
9
_
-
69
41
28
5
51
21
24
24
54
32
22
8
129
81
48
28
20
19
1
-
28
1
27
“
383
2 $2
131
83
116
7
109
85
176
103
73
47
57
38
19
11
57
27
30
30
40
34
6
-
6
6
-
41
6
35
29
_
-
24
24
_
-
14
14
_
-
7
7
-
9
9
31
31
-
131
31
100
272
90
182
393
48
345
33
33
-
_
"
971
967
4
_
-
_
-
-
■■-
-
-
6
6
-
31
31
30
193 1414
— J E ~ 160
157 1254
7 1005
90
183
1545
233
1312
651
513
193
15
178
.
178
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
12
-
3
3
3
12
.
5
_
127
543
114
1
13
542
_ . 47
28
4
37
37
37
_
-
_
-
_
-
"
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
■-
-
-
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2. 15
2. 2 7 “
1 .9 4
3, 940
3, 246
1, 713
1, 207
2. 01
2. 03
2. 01
1 .9 7
2. 06
-
T r u c k d r iv e r s , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s ,
t r a il e r type)
__
_
M an u factu rin g ____
... _____
___
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ____
, . . . _ __
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
_
R e ta il t r a d e __________________________
5 ,2 8 6
323
4 ,9 6 3
3, 514
966
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
T r u c k d r iv e r s , h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s ,
o th e r than t r a il e r type)
__________
M an u factu rin g ________ ____ ______ _
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
-----_
... _
1 ,4 6 2
20$
1, 257
T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( f o r k l i f t ) ____
__ __
M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________
R e ta il tra d e
________ ... -----
3, 103
2, 734
369
246
1. 83
1. 81
1. 94
1 .9 6
*
"
“
"
-
-
T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (o th e r than f o r k l i f t ) ___
M an u factu rin g ___________________________
1 ,0 6 5
1, 001
1. 79
1. 78
-
"
-
-
-
“
W a tch m en
______
.. __ __ _________
M a n u factu rin g _ -------- ------ _ __ __
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
_ _____ __ _______
W h o le s a le t r a d e
. ..
________
P A tsil trarfp
5, 466
1, 747
3, 719
511
389
1. 23
1 .4 8
1. 12
1. 30
1. 35
129
7
122
48
6
2329
62
2267
11
211
27
184
24
16
166
65
101
70
22
143
119
24
12
1
15
14
1
_
-
1
1
7
7
-
_
-
-
-
-
28
T 8~
-
-
-
-
-
2. 14
2 .0 8
2. 15
-
14
14
14
12
12
8
8
495
15
267 — T §288
.
17
243
-
_
139
139
84
15
_
_
_
_
1
1
"
1
1
1
1
-
-
"
79
36
43
31
183
174
135
42
93
2
34
9
9
264
176
88
35
50
40
37
3
3
77
76
1
1
66
66
-
32
32
37
35
2
2
1
-
159
71
88
2
50
216
102
114
22
14
27
558
49
509
111
398
3955
128
382 7
3356
464
73
5
68
_
58
31
27
8
Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte.
2. 50
1
-
1 ,9 0 8
1, 221
687
T r u c k d r iv e r s , m e d iu m (lV g to and
in clu d in g 4 tons)
. __ _
M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
... ... _____
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
____ _ _
_ __
W hnlpAalp
2 .4 0
1
-
_
-
T r u c k d r iv e r s , lig h t (u n d e r lVg t o n s )_____
___
M an u factu rin g
Kr>n m a n u fa ctu rin g
s
$
$
$
$
$
2 .0 0 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50
and
1. 80
549
83
466
338
109
229
93
6
87
409
2
407
.
.
-
-
-
-
-
134
132
2
2
235
224
11
11
90
87
3
3
124
120
4
1
300
280
20
~
1185
1128
57
4
403
250
153
123
242
148
94
94
129
117
12
-
34
34
-
5
5
-
9
9
18
18
261
260
39
37
25
25
128
128
196
176
252
250
48
10
10
10
46
46
-
224
126
98
41
51
276
164
112
88
20
164
53
111
60
47
234
198
36
25
1
158
124
34
-
134
100
34
10
41
22
19
-
10
2
2
-
70
70
-
_
-
_
_
.
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
9
1
-
B :
E s ta b lis h m e n t
P r a c t ic e s
a n d
S u p p le m e n t a r y
W
a g e
P r o v is io n s
Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions 1
P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r in g p l a n t w o r k e r s
------------------------------------ la )
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g
fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r -
S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l
S econ d
s h ift
w ork
T h ir d o r
o t h e r s h i ft
w ork
(b )
A c t u a lly w o r k in g o n S econ d
s h i ft
T h ir d o r
oth e r
s h ift
T o t a l ............................................— ......................................—............................................
9 0 .5
7 7 .4
1 5 .7
5 .5
W ith s h i f t p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l -------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 8 .9
7 6 .2
1 5 .3
5 .3
U n i f o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) _____________________________________________
4 8 .2
3 6 .8
9 .0
3 .3
U n d e r 5 c e n t s ________________________________________________________
5 c e n t s _______ _________________________________________________________
6 c e n t s ________________________________________________________________
7 o r 7 V2 c e n t s ________________________________________________________
8 o r 8 V2 c e n t s ________________________________________________________
9 c e n t s ________________________________________________________________
1 0 c e n t s _______________________________________________________________
1 2 o r 1 2 7 2 c e n t s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------14 o r 1 47 2 c e n t s __________________________________________________
15 c e n t s _______________________________________________________________
O v e r 15 c e n t s ______________________________ __ ___________________
1.0
7 .0
7 .3
2 .4
1 .5
5 .6
1 7 .4
1. 1
.5
1.0
3 .6
.4
2 .5
( 2)
.8
1 .4
12 .1
7 .8
3 .6
1.0
4 .7
2 .7
.2
1. 1
1.8
.7
.2
.7
2 .4
.5
. 1
.2
1.0
4 0 .7
3 6 .6
6 .4
7 .7
.6
.7
3 0 .0
1 .3
.8
1 .6
. 1
4 .5
U n i f o r m p e r c e n t a g e _________________________________________________ _
5 p e r c e n t ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 p e r c e n t ___________ ________________________ _______________________
7 ll z p e r c e n t __________________________________________________________
8 p e r c e n t ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 0 p e r c e n t ___________________________________________________________
1 2 7 2 p e r c e n t _________________________________________________________
15 p e r c e n t ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O t h e r 3 --------------------------------------------------
--------------------
--------------------------
1 S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l d a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f
t h e t i m e o f t h e s u r v e y . A n e s t a b l is h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d
l a t e s h i f t s a t t h e t i m e o f t h e s u r v e y , o r (2 ) h a d f o r m a l
2 L e s s th a n 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .
3 I n c l u d e s s u c h p r o v i s i o n s a s f u ll p a y f o r r e d u c e d
. 2
4 .5
2 5 .0
. 1
( 2)
1 .3
.8
.2
. 1
.3
.3
1.6
-
( 2)
. 4
.9
( 2)
,
1.6
1 .3
. 2
4 .9
. 1
.3
2 .8
. 4
N o s h i f t p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l __________________________________________________
-
-
. 4
1. 1
. 4
. 2
(a ) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c y , a n d (b ) w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y e m p l o y e d o n l a t e s h i f t s a t
a s h a v in g a p o l i c y i f it m e t e i t h e r o f th e f o l l o w i n g c o n d i t i o n s : ( l ) O p e r a t e d
p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ift s .
h o u r s p lu s
ce n ts
o r p ercen ta g e
d iffe r e n t ia l.
O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S u r v e y , C h i c a g o , 111 ., M a r c h 1 9 5 4
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
Table B-2: Scheduled Weekly Hours
T
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N W e e k ly h o u r s
A ll w o rk e rs
.................................................................
U n d e r 3 5 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------3 5 h o u r s - !________________________________________
O v e r 3 5 a n d u n d e r 3 7 l2 a h o u r s — .................
/
3 7 V2 h o u r s .....................................................................
O v e r 3 7 V2 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s .................. .
4 0 h o u r s ___ _____ _______________________________
O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s ........ .....................
4 4 h o u r s ........ ................................. .................... .......
O v e r ' 4 4 a n d U n d e r 4 8 h o u r s . ............................
4 8 h o u r s .........................................................................
O v e r 4 8 a n d u n d e r 52 h o u r s .............................
52 h o u r s a n d o v e r ______________________ _____ _
1
2
3
*
**
All
industries
Manufacturing
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
0 .7
3 .2
4 .3
1 4 .0
1 0 .4
6 5 .4
1 .2
.7
. 1
. 1
-
Public
utilities*
1 0 0 .0
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.
1 .6
2 .6
4 .2
13. 1
1 1 .2
6 7 .4
1 .3
-
3 .2
.6
9 4 .3
.2
-
-
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
.
-
.
0. 1
.2
6 .7
2 .1
8 9 .4
3 .3
9 .6
1 .2
8 0 .7
1 .5
3 .7
1 .0
.6
“
-
~
6 .2
9. 1
2 9 .6
1 8 .8
3 6 .2
-
AU
2
industries
1 0 0 .0
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 .3
.4
2 .0
.3
3 .9
3 .6
1 7 .9
4 6 .0
5 .7
2 .9
2 .5
.4
7 7 .8
1 .4
3 .9
.8
8
7
3
5
.8
.6
.8
.4
.8
"
3. 1
4 .9
2 .8
1 .8
(3 )
8 0 .0
1 .0
1 .2
2 .8
3 .9
1 .4
1 0 0 .0
.
-
8 8 .7
-
1 0 0 .0
.
0 .5
1 .3
7 8 .7
-
-
1 0 .8
1 .2
3 .2
_
-
-
3 .3
1 .0
1 1 .3
Services
Retail trade
3 .6
3 .8
-
0 .6
1 .2
7 3 .5
4. 1
3 .7
4 .0
1 3 .0
2 .8
4 3 .0
4 .3
2 1 .4
1 8 .8
“
“
.9
1 .4
D a ta r e l a t e t o w o m e n w o r k e r s .
I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e i n a d d it i o n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
L e s s th a n 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e .
Table B-3:
Paid Holidays1
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s
A ll w o rk e rs
- ------------------------------------------------------
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a i d h o l i d a y s -----------------------------------------------L e s s t h a n 6 d a y s ---------------------------------------6 d a y s _______________________________________
7 d a y s ........ ................................................................
8 d a y s ______________________ ________________
9 d a y s _______________________________________
10 d a y s ........................................................... ..........
11 d a y s ----------------- ---------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
n o p a i d h o l i d a y s ______________________________
1
2
3
Manufacturing
All
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Finance**
Services
AU ,
industries
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 . 0
1 0 0 . 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 . 0
1 0 0 . 0
1 0 0 . 0
9 9 . 8
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 . 0
1 0 0 . 0
9 9 . 2
1 0 0 .0
9 8 . 7
9 5 . 7
9 8 . 4
8 8 . 7
9 3 . 1
.3
. 4
_
. 2
_
.8
6 . 2
6 3 .9
7 7 . 7
1 4 .6
8 8 . 8
9 6 . 0
2 9 . 3
7 3 . 4
7 4 . 7
1 3 .4
5 9 . 4
8 . 7
2 . 6
1 1 .8
1 6 .2
7 . 7
6 . 2
. 4
1 5 .0
2 . 3
5 . 3
7 . 9
.3
3 . 4
1 .7
-
-
-
-
2 . 7
.2
. 2
1 .3
4 . 3
1 .6
1 5 .9
6 . 8
2 . 9
. 8
8 .1
.3
_
.
2 6 .1
-
.
2 . 5
-
9 . 3
-
-
-
-
.2
-
-
-
. 8
2 . 5
4 1 . 3
-
E s t im a t e s in c lu d e o n ly f u ll - d a y h o lid a y s .
O c c u p a t io n a l W a g e S u r v e y , C h ic a g o ,
I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e in a d d it i o n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
O ne o r tw o d a y s .
B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Manufacturing
3 . 0
8 1 .1
1 . 2
7 8 . 2
3 4 . 4
2 3 . 7
*
1 1 .3
1 0 0 . 0
91.4
1 2 .5
-
Services
1 0 0 . 0
2 . 4
2 9 . 4
Retail trade
4 . 2
8 4 .1
8 3 . 4
3
5 8 . 0
2 4 . 0
3 . 0
.9
. 2
-
-
-
-
.
-
~
.1
-
“
6 . 9
111., M a r c h 1 9 5 4
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
8 . 6
1
1 6 .6
Table B-4: Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
V a ca tio n p o l ic y
____________________________________
A ll w o rk e rs
A fte r
1y e a r
1
2
2
3
2
2
3
3
A fte r
2y e a rs
1
2
2
3
2
2
3
3
A fte r
3y e a rs
4
6
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
All j
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Services
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.9
20.5
77. 1
. 1
1.2
1.1
.2
.8
. 1
100.0
98.4
18.1
78.7
1.7
1.6
.5
.7
.3
100.0
100.0
8.3
91.7
100.0
100.0
26.9
73. 1
100.0
95.9
63.0
32.2
.7
4.1
99.9
99.9
4.2
95.7
99.9
99.9
27.4
65.8
6.8
99.6
90.7
74.5
.6
12.7
.2
2.8
7.7
4.1
1.7
1.2
.7
1.1
.4
100.0
88. 1
78.3
.9
4.9
4. 1
10.4
6.2
2.6
.7
1.0
1.4
100.0
100.0
63.3
36.7
96.0
96.0
63.0
33.0
100.0
94.5
61.5
31.8
1.2
5.5
95.9
93.2
84.1
_
8.0
1. 1
99.7
90.8
39.0
4.4
44.0
.2
3.3
7.7
3.0
2.2
1.8
.7
1.1
.3
100.0
88. 1
46.5
6. 1
30.9
4.8
10.4
4.5
3.4
1.6
1.0
1.4
99-7
90.8
20.2
6.8
59.4
1.2
3.3
7.7
1.5
1.7
.5
2.9
.6
.7
1. 1
.3
100.0
88.1
25.3
9.9
46.7
1.5
4.8
10.4
2. 2
2.5
.7
3. 1
.9
1.0
1.4
-
-
-
(4 )
-
-
-
.
-
-
-
.
41
-
1
.
1
-
-
-
4.0
-
5.5
-
-
2.7
4. 1
100.0
98.9
1.6
.2
93.7
.2
3.1
1. 1
.2
.8
. 1
(4 )
100.0
98.4
2.5
90.2
5.8
1.6
.5
.7
.3
-
100.0
100.0
2.7
97.3
100.0
100.0
1.5
2.3
96.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
100.0
95.9
.8
94.3
.7
4. 1
-
99.9
99^
9
. 1.7
85.7
1.6
10.9
.
-
-
-
-
.
41
99.9
99.9
-
99.9
1
.
1
-
100.0
100.0
31.5
68.5
-
97.6
97.6
34.5
4.0
59.1
-
-
-
2.4
100.0
94.5
13.4
-
79.9
1.2
5.5
-
5.5
-
95.9
93.2
38.9
2.4
50.8
1. 1
-
2.7
4. 1
o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a i d v a c a t i o n s ------------------------------------------------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ________________
w e e k ____________________________________
O ver
b u t l e s s th a n
w e e k s ---------w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------O ver
but l e s s th a n
w e e k s ---------w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ____________________
p e r c e n t ------------------------------------------------O ver
bu t l e s s th an
p e r c e n t ____
O ver
but l e s s th a n
p e r c e n t ____
p e r c e n t ________________________________
O ver
bu t l e s s th an
p e r c e n t ____
p e r c e n t a n d o v e r ____________________
O th e r-ty p e p a y m e n t
---------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
n o p a i d v a c a t i o n s ---------------------------------- --------
1
2
3
2
Manufacturing
o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a t io n s
______________________________
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ________________
w e e k ____________________________________
O ver
b u t l e s s th a n
w e e k s ---------w e e k s __________________________________
O ver
b u t l e s s th a n
w e e k s ______
w e e k s __________________________________
____________________
P ercen ta g e paym ent
p e r c e n t ________________________________
O ver
bu t l e s s th an
p e r c e n t ------p e r c e n t ------------------------------------------------p e r c e n t a n d o v e r ____________________
O t h e r - t y p e p a y m e n t ------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
n o p a i d v a c a t i o n s ____________________________
1
2
3
2
4
6
All
industries
o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a i d v a c a t i o n s _________________________________
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ________________
w e e k ____________ _______________________
O ver
but l e s s th an
w e e k s ______
w e e k s ..............................................................
O ver
bu t l e s s th an
w e e k s ______
w e e k s __________________________________
____________________
P ercen ta g e paym ent
p e r c e n t _______ ___________ ____________
O ver
bu t l e s s th a n
p e r c e n t ____
p e r c e n t ________________________________
p e r c e n t a n d o v e r ------------------------------O t h e r - t y p e p a y m e n t _______ T____________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
n o p a i d v a c a t i o n s ____________________________
1
2
3
2
4
6
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
1
2
2
3
2
2
3
4
100.0
98.9
.6
. 1
93.7
.5
4.0
1. 1
3
4
6
3
S ee fo o tn o te s at e n d o f ta b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) ,
* * F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s ta te .
-
1.0
. 1
100.0
98.4
.6
.3
90.7
.6
6.1
1.6
-
1.3
.3
-
-
< )
4
100.0
100.0
2.5
97.5
-
100. 0
100.0
.6
99.4
-
-
c o m m u n ic a t io n , a n d o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s
100.0
95.9
.5
94.6
.7
4.1
.
-
41
99.9
99.9
-
99.9
.
99.9
99.9
.6
77.4
1.6
20.3
-
1
.
1
100.0
100.0
6.6
93.4
-
97.6
97.6
17.1
.7
79.8
-
2.4
100.0
94.5
9.5
83.8
1.2
5.5
-
5.5
-
95.9
93.2
13.2
2.4
76.5
1. 1
.
27
4. 1
O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S u r v e y , C h i c a g o , 111 ., M a r c h 1 9 5 4
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
58
Table B-4
Paid Vacations (pormal Provisions)- Continued
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
V a c a tio n p o l ic y
All
industries
A ll w o rk e rs
_________________________________
Manufacturing
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 8 .4
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
-
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
8 9 .7
2 .5
6 .2
-
1 0 0 .0
-
9 6 .2
1 .2
2 .6
-
All
,
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 9 .7
9 0 .8
1 .4
8 2 .6
1 .2
5 .6
1 0 0 .0
88. 1
1 .2
7 9 .2
1 .5
6 .3
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
Retail trade
Services
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 7 .6
9 7 .6
4 .6
9 1 .8
.8
.5
-
1 0 0 .0
9 4 .5
2 .6
9 5 .9
9 3 .2
-
8 0 .9
1 .2
9 .7
-
9 1 .8
-
A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a tio n s
_________________________________
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ______________ !___
____________________
L e s s th an 2 w e e k s
2 w e e k s _____________________________________
O v e r 2 b u t l e s s t h a n 3 w e e k s _______
3 w e e k s _____________________________________
4 w e e k s a n d o v e r ________________________
P ercen ta g e paym en t *
____________________
2 p e r c e n t ----------------------------------------------------4 p e r c e n t ___________________________________
O v e r 4 b u t l e s s t h a n 6 p e r c e n t _____
6 p e rce n t and o v e r
____________________
O th e r-ty p e p a y m e n t3
____________________
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g
n o p a i d v a c a t i o n s _______________________________
A fte r
-
1 .3
-
. 1
-
.3
-
-
9 5 .9
.5
9 1 .8
.7
2 .8
-
9 3 .8
4 .3
1 .8
-
(4 )
7 7 .8
1 .6
2 0 .5
-
4. 1
4 .1
-
(4 )
-
-
. 1
1. 1
1 .0
-
-
1 .6
-
10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a tio n s
-------------------------------------------------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t __________________
____________________
L e 8 s th an 2 w e e k s
2 w e e k s _____________________________________
O v e r 2 b u t l e s s t h a n 3 w e e k s _______
3 w e e k s _____________________________________
4 w e e k s a n d o v e r ________________________
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 2 ............. ...........................
4 p e r c e n t ----------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 b u t l e s s t h a n 6 p e r c e n t ------6 p e r c e n t a n d o v e r --------------------------------O t h e r - t y p e p a y m e n t 3 --------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
n o p a i d v a c a t i o n s ---------------------------------------------A fte r
9 8 .9
. 1
9 1 .6
2 .3
5 .0
-
. 1
-
(4 )
7 .7
.3
5. 1
1 .7
.7
1. 1
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 .4
.4
6 .4
2 .6
1 .0
1 .4
-
5 .5
5 .5
-
2 .7
4. 1
2 .4
.3
1 .0
.3
-
*
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 8 .4
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
9 7 .7
-
.8
-
7 4 .7
2 .2
1 7 .5
4. 1
1 .6
.5
1. 1
-
8 8 .0
1 .2
8 .2
2 .6
-
(4 )
-
9 8 .9
. 1
7 5 .4
2 .8
1 8 .5
2. 1
1. 1
.3
-
2 .3
-
-
1 0 0 .0
9 5 .9
.5
7 1 .1
2 .0
2 2 .2
4. 1
.5
3 .7
-
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
6 8 .3
7 .1
2 4 .5
. 1
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
(4 )
6 2 .7
-
1 0 0 .0
88. 1
.4
68. 1
1 .4
1 8 .3
-
9 9 .7
9 0 .8
.9
7 0 .4
1 .4
1 8 .1
3 4 .0
3 .3
. 1
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 .4
6 .0
2 .6
1 .8
1 .4
1 .9
1 .1
.3
-
-
(4 )
7 .7
4. 1
1 .7
9 7 .6
9 7 .6
4 .6
8 2 .2
.8
9 .6
.5
-
-
2 .4
9 7 .2
2 .8
-
1 0 0 .0
9 4 .5
2 .6
6 2 .8
3 .1
9 5 .9
9 3 .2
-
2 5 .9
-
4 .9
-
3 .2
.4
2 .7
-
4. 1
5 .5
.7
-
8 9 .6
-
15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a t io n s
-------------------- ------------------------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t __________________
L e s s t h a n 2 w e e k s ______________________
2 w e e k s _____________________________________
O v e r 2 b u t l e s s t h a n 3 w e e k s _______
3 w e e k s _____________________________________
4 w e e k s a n d o v e r ________________________
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 2 ______________________
4 p e r c e n t ___________________________________
O v e r 4 b u t l e s s t h a n 6 p e r c e n t ------6 p e rce n t and o v e r
-----------------------------O t h e r - t y p e p a y m e n t 3 ______________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
n o p a i d v a c a t i o n s __________ ; ___________________
_
1 0 0 .0
9 8 .9
. 1
2 4 .1
2 .8
6 9 .1
2 .8
1. 1
.2
.9
-
1 0 0 .0
9 8 .4
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
1 6 .6
2 .3
7 5 .5
4. 1
1 .6
.5
1. 1
-
7 .3
2 0 .2
7 2 .5
-
2 8 .4
-
1 0 0 .0
-
(4 )
7 6 .6
4. 1
4 .1
-
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
3 4 .0
-
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
6 2 .0
-
6 3 .1
2 .8
-
3 4 .7
3 .3
-
. 1
-
6 8 .9
2 .6
-
9 5 .9
.5
1 8 .7
-
. 1
1 0 0 .0
88. 1
.4
1 8 .6
.5
6 8 .7
1 0 .4
2. 0
1 .0
7 .5
1 .4
9 9 .7
9 0 .8
.9
2 2 .6
1 .6
6 5 .7
(4 )
7 .7
1 .3
.7
5 .8
1. 1
.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
-
9 7 .6
9 7 .6
4 .6
2 6 .1
-
1 0 0 .0
9 4 .5
2 .6
2 5 .8
-
9 5 .9
9 3 .2
8 8 .0
-
6 6 .4
.5
6 6 .0
5 .5
4 .8
.4
2 .7
2 .4
.3
'
S ee fo o tn o te s at en d o f t a b le .
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 .2
1 8 .4
7 8 .3
-
•5 .5
-
4 .1
Tab le B-4:
Paid V aca tio n s (Formal Provisions)- Continued
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N V a c a tio n p o l ic y
A ll w o rk e rs
----------------------------------------------------
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 8 .4
15. 1
. 1
7 3 .8
1 .7
7 .8
1 .6
.5
1. 1
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
7 .3
7 2 .5
2 0 .2
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
2 7 .1
6 3 .5
9 .3
1 0 0 .0
9 5 .9
.5
1 8 .1
7 3 .6
3 .6
4 .1
4 .1
-
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
2 3 .0
6 6 .4
3 .6
6 .9
-
All
industries
Manufacturing
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 8 .9
. 1
2 0 .8
All .
industries*
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Services
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
6 0 .3
3 6 .4
3 .3
-
9 9 .7
9 0 .8
.9
2 0 .4
-
1 0 0 .0
88. 1
.4
1 6 .2
6 6 .2
.9
4 .5
1 0 .4
1 .4
1 .0
8 .0
1 .4
9 7 .6
9 7 .6
4 .6
2 3 .3
6 6 .4
3 .3
-
1 0 0 .0
9 4 .5
2 .6
2 4 .6
6 0 .0
7 .2
5 .5
5 .5
-
9 5 .9
9 3 .2
8 4 .1
-
6 3 .4
1 .9
4 .2
7 .7
.9
.7
6. 1
1 .1
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 .2
7 8 .3
1 8 .4
-
. 1
. 1
.3
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
1 8 .4
5 2 .7
3 .6
2 5 .3
-
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
5 6 .8
3 9 .9
-
9 9 .7
9 0 .8
.6
2 0 .6
5 4 .5
1 5 .1
7 .7
.9
.7
6 .1
1 .1
A fte r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a i d v a c a t i o n s ________________________________
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ________________
L e s s t h a n 2 w e e k s ____________________
2 w e e k s __________________________________
O v e r 2 b u t l e s s t h a n 3 w e e k s ---------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 b u t l e s s t h a n 4 w e e k s ---------4 w e e k s a n d o v e r ---------------------------------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 2 __________________
4 p ercen t
__________________________ ____
O v e r 4 b u t l e s s t h a n 6 p e r c e n t ------6 p e r c e n t and o v e r
__________________
O th e r-ty p e p a y m e n t3
___________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
n o p a i d v a c a t i o n s ____________________________
(4 )
6 8 .4
3 .4
6 .2
1 .1
.2
.9
-
-
(4 )
2 .4
8 .8
.4
2 .7
4. 1
A ft e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a i d v a c a t i o n s ------------------------------------------------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ------------------------L e s s t h a n 2 w e e k s ------------------------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 b u t l e s s t h a n 3 w e e k s ---------3 w e e k s __________________________________
O v e r 3 b u t l e s s t h a n 4 w e e k s ---------4 w e e k s a n d o v e r ---------------------------------P ercen ta g e paym ent 2
---------------------------------------------------------------------4 percen t
O v e r 4 b u t l e s s t h a n 6 p e r c e n t ____
6 p e r c e n t a n d o v e r ------------------------------O th e r-ty p e p a y m e n t3
---------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
n o p a id v a c a tio n s
__________________________
1
2
3
4
*
**
100. 0
9 8 .9
. 1
1 9 .1
(4 )
5 4 .8
.8
24. 1
1 .1
.2
.9
-
1 0 0 .0
9 8 .4
15. 1
. 1
6 7 .7
1 5 .6
1 .6
.5
1 .1
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
7 .3
6 4 .0
2 8 .8
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
23. 1
5 4 .2
2 2 .7
-
1 0 0 .0
9 5 .9
.5
1 8 .1
1 3 .1
6 4 .1
4 .1
-
(4 )
I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r r e a l e s t a t e in a d d it io n to th o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e ly .
P e r c e n t o f an n ual e a r n in g s .
I n c lu d e s f l a t - s u m p a y m e n t .
L e s s th a n 0 . 05 p e r c e n t .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e .
4.1
-
. 1
3.3
. 1
.3
1 0 0 .0
8 8 .1
1 6 .6
6 0 .4
1 1 .2
1 0 .4
1 .4
1 .0
8 .0
1 .4
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 .2
7 3 .1
2 3 .7
-
9 7 .6
9 7 .6
4 .6
2 1 .4
5 8 .7
1 3 .0
2 .4
1 0 0 .0
9 4 .5
2 .6
2 4 .6
2 9 .6
3 7 .6
5.5
5 .5
-
9 5 .9
9 3 .2
8 4 .0
8 .8
-
.4
2 .7
4 .1
60
Table 8-5:
Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N T y p e o f p la n
A ll w o rk e rs
-----
----------------------------------------------
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
All .
industries1
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 . 0
1 0 0 .0
1 00 .0
100 .0
100 .0
All
industries
Manufacturing
1 00 .0
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
Retail trade
1 0 0 .0
Services
1 0 0 .0
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g :
L i f e i n s u r a n c e _____________________________
A c c id e n t a l d eath an d d is m e m b e r m e n t
i n s u r a n c e -------------- ---------------------------------S i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e ______
S i c k l e a v e (fu ll p a y a n d n o
w a it in g p e r i o d ) ---------------------------------------S ic k le a v e (p a r t ia l p a y o r
w a it i n g p e r i o d ) __________________________
H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e ______________
S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e ------------------------------------M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ------------------------------------C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e ___________________
R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n _______________________
H e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s i o n
p l a n n o t l i s t e d a b o v e ----------------------------N o h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s i o n
p la n _ ---------------------------------------------------------
8 9.9
9 5.6
98. 1
87.0
79.0
92.2
59.1
86.3
90. 1
9 8 .5
7 7 .4
74.0
82.0
38.3
4 3.5
45. 1
65. 1
10.7
30.7
37.7
45.9
40.5
31.2
4 3.8
22.6
15.8
15.5
39.6
7 2 .2
4 6.3
83.0
35 .0
5 9 .5
33.8
5 0 .4
23. 1
39. 1
23.3
7 0 .4
31.8
3 2.5
39.8
36.8
5.2
41.8
20.4
5.9
3 0.9
16.6
3 .0
9.9
14.5
71.5
68.7
4 8.6
5.6
6 9.3
5 .5
78.2
78.3
5 1.8
1 .0
7 1 .6
4 9.6
42 .2
4 1.5
10 . 1
9 1 .7
13.2
7 4 .3
6 2 .6
4 5.5
1.4
6 0 .6
51.2
75.7
5 9 .6
4 6.4
22.6
56.8
.6
74.0
7 3.7
6 4.4
11.4
78.7
7.5
52.9
55.4
3 8.8
.7
28.0
13.7
8 1 .0
73. 1
50.4
1.5
5 4 .8
10.2
8 6.0
81.6
53.8
1 .0
5 8.5
32. 1
64.8
63.2
25.0
63. 0
1 0.2
62.8
5 0.5
4 1.5
47.7
27.4
74.2
4 7.3
42.7
5.4
53.9
.8
83.2
7 5 .4
6 8.7
19.8
4 .5
2.3
8. 1
3 .3
3.4
2.7
3.8
5.6
2.0
23.7
5 .4
2 .8
-
3 .7
1. 1
9.6
-
6.0
15.0
1 I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e i n a d d it i o n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o t h e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
* * F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e .
3.9
2.9
.5
7 .2
4 .2
16.6
10.4
11.8
O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S u r v e y , C h i c a g o , 111. , M a r c h 1 9 5 4
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
Table B-6:
O vertim e Pay P ra ctices
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EM PLOYED I N -
O v e rtim e p o lic y
A l l w o r k e r s ___ _______
_________
All
industries
__________
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Finance**
Services
All
.
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Services
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
5 3 .2
39. 1
6 2 .7
4 5 .5
9 0 .2
8 3 .7
5 5 .8
5 0 .0
3 8 .4
3 4 .4
3 3 .9
1 3 .0
2 9 .5
17 . 1
7 9 .4
7 4 .6
8 8 .6
8 1 .9
8 8 .7
8 7 .6
7 3 .3
7 1 .9
42. 1
42. 1
67. 1
6 3 .9
4 .7
3 3 .9
3 .2
4 2 .4
8 3 .7
5. 1
4 4 .9
2 .4
2 7 .9
9 .4
3 .6
8 .4
8 .7
4 .6
69. 8
4 .9
7 7 .0
8 7 .6
.5
7 1 .4
1 .7
3 8 .9
1 9 .5
4 4 .4
-
.
3 .3
D a ily o v e r t im e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p r e m i u m p a y .... .................
T im e and o n e -h a lf
E f f e c t iv e a ft e r l e s s th an
8 h ou rs
________ ________________
E ffe c tiv e a fte r 8 h o u r s _
_
E f f e c t iv e a ft e r m o r e th a n
8 h ou rs
__ __________ __________
D o u b l e t i m e __ _
O t h e r * ______ _______ _______________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o
p r e m i u m p a y o r h a v i n g n o p o l i c y ______
-
_
-
4. 1
-
-
-
-
14. 1
1 7 .2
6 .5
5 .8
4 .0
2 0 .9
1 2 .4
4 .8
6 .7
1 .2
1 .3
1 .5
-
4 6 .8
3 7 .3
9 .8
4 4 .2
6 1 .6
6 6 .1
7 0 .5
2 0 .6
1 1 .4
1 1 .3
2 6 .7
5 7 .9
3 2 .9
98. 1
75. 1
9 9 .3
7 9 .6
1 0 0 .0
9 2 .5
9 8 .9
9 0 .2
9 6 .4
9 0 .0
9 9 .9
5 1 .1
8 5 .3
5 6 .9
94. 1
9 4 .0
9 8 .8
98. 8
8 8 .7
8 8 .7
1 0 0 .0
9 8 .7
8 3 .7
8 3 .7
6 4 .4
63. 8
8 .7
6 6 .2
9. 1
7 0 .6
9 2 .3
5. 1
8 5 .2
4 .0
8 6 .0
1 3 .9
3 7 .3
1 4 .6
4 0 .5
4 .7
8 6 .0
6 .6
9 1 .9
8 8 .7
.5
9 8 .2
1 .7
7 4 .7
. 1
27. 1
. 1
*
23. 1
-
4 8 .7
1. 8
2 8 .5
3 .3
(3 )
. 1
.2
-
7 .3
-
36. 6
(3 )
1 .3
1 4 .7
5 .9
1 .2
1 6 .3
3 5 .6
.5
-
.2
-
W e e k ly o v e r t im e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p r e m i u m p a y __________________________ ______
_
T i m e a n d o n e - h a l f _ _____________________
E f f e c t iv e a ft e r l e s s th an
40 h o u r s —
____ _
E ffe c t iv e a fte r 40 h o u r s
E f f e c t i v e a f t e r m o r e th a n
4 0 h o u r s —-------*________ _____ . _______
_
D o u b l e t i m e ______ _
O t h e r 2 _______________________________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o
p r e m i u m p a y o r h a v i n g n o p o l i c y ______
1
2
3
*
**
1 .9
1 9 .7
.7
_
.2
7 .5
8 .7
6 .4
1. 1
3 .6
. 1
1 1 .3
.6
. 1
I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e i n a d d it i o n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
I n c l u d e s p r o v i s i o n s f o r a s p e c i f i e d n u m b e r o f o v e r t i m e h o u r s a t e i t h e r (1 ) n o p a y , (2 ) r e g u l a r r a t e , o r (3 ) a p r e m i u m r a t e ; a n d p r e m i u m p a y a t a n o t h e r r a t e t h e r e a f t e r .
L e s s t h a n 0 . 05 p e r c e n t .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S u r v e y , C h i c a g o , 111., M a r c h 1 9 5 4
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
Table B-7:
Rate of Pay for Holiday W o rk
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Services
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
94. 2
88. 7
6 8 .9
5 8 .4
7 2 .4
1 .3
6 1 .2
. 1
6 .2
--
1. 3
2 .9
46. 5
3 .6
4. 1
-
1. 8
66. 4
3 .4
.6
. 3
-
2 4 .2
33. 0
1 0 .9
6 .9
8. 6
1 6 .6
All
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance**
Services
All workers ________________________
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
Workers in establishments with pay
provisions for work on paid
holidays 2 ________________________
6 6 .3
7 3 .6
9 2 .4
5 0 .9
80. 1
5 1 .5
34. 7
8 6 .3
( 3)
59. 2
12. 8
17. 7
4 .4
4. 5
68. 7
6 .6
9 .0
-
-
_
_
_
Regular rate only ________________
Time and one-half_______________
Double time _____________________
Double time and one-half __________
Triple time _____________________
Equal time off______________________________
Other plan___________________________________
(3 )
1. 5
4 6 .4
12. 2
4 .6
1 .0
.6
2. 0
54. 1
5 .6
10 . 5
1 .4
.4
8 1 .4
7 .8
2. 7
-
1. 5
47. 8
.4
1 .2
-
Workers in establishments with no
formal policy_________________________________
33. 5
2 6 .4
7 .6
Workers in establishments with no
paid holidays ______________________
. 2
1
2
3
*
**
_
Manufacturing
-
1 .4
14 . 4
3 5 .3
. 3
-
1. 6
16. 7
9. 1
3 .2
4. 2
-
.3
. 5
6 9 .4
6 .0
4. 0
-
-
. 2
.9
57. 8
11. 1
12. 8
.6
2 . 9*
49. 1
1 9 -0
48. 5
64. 0
9 .3
4. 3
1 .3
4. 3
1 .6
I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e in a d d it i o n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
I n c lu d e s h o l i d a y p a y a n d r a t e f o r w o r k o n p a i d h o l i d a y .
L e s s th a n 0 . 05 p e r c e n t .
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b li c u t i l i t i e s .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .
_
AH .
industries 1
O
O
O
Pay provision
.8
-
1 1 .3
-
-
O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S u r v e y , C h i c a g o , 111. , M a r c h 1 9 5 4
U . S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
Table B-8: Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N Item
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
All
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Finance **
Services
All
industries1
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Services
A l l w o r k e r s _____________________________________
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
F o r m a l r a t e s t r u c t u r e _______________________
S i n g l e r a t e __________________________________
R a n g e o f r a t e s _____________________________
In d iv id u a l r a t e s
__________ ___________________
71
1
70
29
91
91
9
47
47
53
81
3
78
19
75
75
25
46
46
54
89
39
50
11
90
35
55
10
100
36
64
79
44
35
21
80
28
52
20
87
79
8
13
100
100
100
100
100
100
73
27
11
12
4
68
32
15
17
97
3
1
3
79
21
1
2
19
83
17
15
70
71
47
81
W AGE STRUCTURE
W ORKERS a
FOR
T IM E -R A T E D
70
(3)
70
30
M ETHOD OF W AGE PA YM E N T FO R
PL A N T W ORKERS
A l l w o r k e r s _____________________________________
D A TA
NOT
C O L L E C T E D
T i m e w o r k e r s __________________________________
I n c e n t i v e w o r k e r s _____________________________
P i e c e w o r k ___________________________________
B o n u s w o r k _______________________________ _
C o m m i s s i o n ________________________________
88
12
(3 )
1
11
-
2
L A B O R -M A N A G E M E N T A G R E E M E N T S 4
W o r k e r s i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h
a g r e e m e n ts c o v e r in g a m a jo r it y
o f s u c h w o r k e r s _____________________________
14
15
72
5
4
3
100
64
*
I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e i n a d d it i o n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
E s t i m a t e s f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s a r e b a s e d o n t o t a l o f f i c e e m p l o y m e n t , w h e r e a s e s t i m a t e s f o r p la n t w o r k e r s a r e b a s e d o n t i m e - r a t e d e m p l o y e e s o n l y .
L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .
E s t i m a t e s r e l a t e t o a l l w o r k e r s ( o f f i c e o r p la n t ) e m p l o y e d in a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a v in g a c o n t r a c t in e f f e c t c o v e r i n g a m a j o r i t y o f th e w o r k e r s in t h e i r r e s p e c t i v e c a t e g o r y .
The
e s t i m a t e s s o o b t a i n e d a r e n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f th e e x t e n t t o w h ic h a l l w o r k e r s in t h e a r e a m a y b e c o v e r e d b y p r o v i s i o n s o f l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s d u e to th e e x c l u s i o n
o f s m a lle r s iz e e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
* T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , an d o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s .
* * F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
3
O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S u r v e y , C h i c a g o , 111. , M a r c h 195 4
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
LOS
ANGELES
T h e in d u s t r ia l an d c o m m e r c i a l d e v e lo p m e n t o f the L o s
A n g e le s a r e a c o n t in u e s .
M a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s c u r r e n t ly e m p lo y
1 ou t o f e v e r y 3 o f th e a r e a ’ s n o n a g r ic u ltu r a l w o r k e r s .
A ir c r a ft
an d p a r t s , a u t o m o b ile , m a c h in e r y , and fa b r ic a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s
f i r m s e m p lo y m o r e th an h a lf th e m a n u fa c tu r in g w o r k f o r c e ; s u b
sta n tia l n u m b e r s o f w o r k e r s a r e a ls o e m p lo y e d in the m a n u fa c tu r e
o f a p p a r e l, p r in tin g p r o d u c t s , and p r o d u c ts o f s to n e , c la y , and
g la s s .
T r a d e an d fin a n c e a c c o u n t fo r a m a jo r it y o f th e w o r k e r s in
n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g in d u s t r ie s .
M ARCH
1954
l a b o r - g r a d e s y s t e m s c o v e r e d o f f i c e j o b s in 66 e s t a b lis h m e n t s , and
p la n t jo b s in 3 3 .
L a b o r -g r a d e sy ste m s w e re re p o rte d m o st f r e
q u e n tly in in s u r a n c e and m o t io n - p ic t u r e m a n u fa ctu rin g o f f i c e s , and
in the o f f i c e and p la n t d e p a r tm e n ts o f a v a r ie t y o f m a n u fa ctu rin g
in d u s t r ie s , c h ie fl y in a i r c r a f t an d o th e r m e t a lw o r k in g .
L itt le u n i
f o r m i t y w a s fou n d in th e n u m b e r o f la b o r g r a d e s in u s e .
O c c u p a t io n a l P a y L e v e ls
T h is y e a r 's an n u a l stu d y is b a s e d u p on M a r c h 1954 d ata
f r o m 290 f i r m s e m p lo y in g a lm o s t 4 0 0 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s .
T hese w ere
s e l e c t e d t o r e p r e s e n t m o r e than 2 ,0 0 0 f i r m s e m p lo y in g 8 0 0 ,0 0 0
w o r k e r s in 6 m a j o r in d u s t r y g r o u p in g s w ith in the s c o p e o f th e stu d y .
(S e e ta b le f o l l o w i n g .)
W a g e S tr u c tu r e
M o s t p la n t (n o n o f f i c e ) w o r k e r s in L o s A n g e le s in d u s t r ie s
w e r e p a id on th e b a s i s o f t im e r a t e s a s d is t in g u is h e d f r o m in c e n tiv e
m eth od s o f p ay.
F o r e v e r y 7 w o r k e r s p a id t im e r a t e s 1 w o r k e d
on an in c e n t iv e b a s i s .
E m p lo y e r s o f m o s t o f th e tim e w o r k e r s
h a d f o r m a l w a g e s t r u c t u r e s that p r o v id e d an e s t a b lis h e d r a te o r
r a n g e o f r a t e s f o r e a c h j o b c la s s i f i c a t i o n .
F e w e r than 2 p e r c e n t
o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e e m p lo y e d in f i r m s w ith in fo r m a l s t r u c t u r e s ,
u n d e r w h ic h t im e r a t e s w e r e d e te r m in e d fo r e a c h w o r k e r in d iv id u a lly
on th e b a s is o f h is p e r s o n a l q u a lific a t io n s .
A lth o u g h w o r k e r s u n d e r
r a n g e - o f - r a t e s s y s t e m s o u tn u m b e r e d th o s e u n d e r s in g le r a t e s in
m a n u fa c tu r in g an d p u b lic u t il it i e s , the m a jo r it y in w h o le s a le tr a d e
an d th e s e r v i c e s in d u s t r ie s w e r e u n d er s in g le r a t e s .
F o rm a l w age
s t r u c t u r e s c o v e r e d f o u r - f i f t h s o f the o f f i c e w o r k e r s and in n e a r ly
a ll c a s e s p r o v id e d a r a n g e o f r a t e s fo r e a c h jo b c a t e g o r y .
I n c e n tiv e m e t h o d s o f p a y f o r p la n t w o r k e r s w e r e r e p o r t e d
in 1 ou t o f e v e r y 5 e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d and w e r e u s e d to s o m e
e x te n t in 3 ou t o f 10 m a n u fa c tu r in g f i r m s .
In c e n tiv e p a y s y s t e m s
w e r e m o s t p r e v a le n t in a p p a r e l, r u b b e r , and g la s s m a n u fa c tu r in g ,
an d in t a x ic a b c o m p a n ie s , r e t a il s t o r e s , and p o w e r la u n d r ie s .
In d iv id u a l p i e c e - r a t e s y s t e m s w e r e m o s t w id e ly u s e d a m o n g m a n u
fa c t u r in g f i r m s that r e p o r t e d in c e n tiv e m e th o d s o f p a y .
G rou p
p i e c e w o r k an d b o n u s s y s t e m s w e r e the c h ie f t y p e s o f in c e n tiv e in
o n ly a m i n o r i t y o f th e m a n u fa c tu r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s .
P a y m e n t on
a c o m m i s s i o n b a s i s w a s r e p o r t e d in m o s t o f the n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
e s t a b lis h m e n t s w h ic h u s e d in c e n tiv e m e th o d s o f p a y .
R e la t i v e ly fe w e s t a b lis h m e n t s h ad w a g e s t r u c t u r e s w h ic h
m a d e p r o v i s i o n f o r l a b o r - g r a d e s y s t e m s o f c la s s if y i n g jo b s in to
g r o u p s w ith in a s e r i e s o f r a t e s t e p s .
O f 290 e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d ,
A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r i e s o f w o m e n s e c r e t a r i e s , g e n e r a l
s t e n o g r a p h e r s , an d r o u tin e c o p y t y p is t s ( c l a s s B ) w e r e $ 7 3 , $ 6 2 .5 0 ,
an d $ 4 9 .5 0 in M a r c h 1954 c o m p a r e d w ith $ 6 9 .5 0 , $ 5 9 .5 0 , and $ 4 8 ,
r e s p e c t i v e l y , in F e b r u a r y 1 953, th e d ate o f an e a r l i e r s u r v e y by
th e -B u r e a u in L o s A n g e l e s .
A v e r a g e s a la r i e s fo r m o s t o f the o f f i c e
j o b s s tu d ie d h ad in c r e a s e d f r o m $ 1 .5 0 to $ 3 o v e r the 13-m o n th
p e r io d .
S t r a ig h t -t im e a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s fo r the s k ille d m a in
t e n a n c e jo b s s tu d ie d r a n g e d f r o m $ 2 .1 6 f o r m a in te n a n ce m e c h a n ic s
to $ 2 . 4 5 f o r t o o l - a n d - d i e m a k e r s .
A v e r a g e s fo r c a r p e n t e r s , a u to
m o t iv e m e c h a n ic s , an d s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r s w e r e c l o s e l y g r o u p e d
at th e $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2 .2 3 le v e l .
M a c h in is t s , e l e c t r i c i a n s , and p lu m b
e r s ' a v e r a g e e a r n in g s r a n g e d b e tw e e n $ 2 . 3 4 and $ 2 . 3 7 .
A m ong
th e n u m e r ic a l ly m o s t im p o r ta n t m e n 's p la n t jo b s s tu d ie d w e r e
d r i v e r s o f t r a i l e r - t y p e t r u c k s ( $ 2 . 0 5 ) , d r i v e r s o f m e d iu m tr u c k s
( $ 1 .9 5 ) , fo r k lift tru ck o p e r a to r s ($ 1 .9 2 ), o r d e r fille r s ($ 1 .8 3 ),
g u a r d s ( $ 1 . 8 2 ) , m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s h e lp e r s ( $ 1 . 8 1 ) , m a t e r i a l
h a n d lin g l a b o r e r s ( $ 1 . 7 6 ) , and ja n it o r s ( $ 1 . 4 7 ) . A v e r a g e p a y le v e ls
in 1954 w e r e g e n e r a lly h ig h e r than in 1 953; in c r e a s e s ra n g in g f r o m
10 and 13 c e n t s w e r e r e p o r t e d fo r m o s t s k ille d m a in te n a n ce jo b s ;
w h e r e a s h o u r ly e a r n in g s fo r m o s t jo b s o f l e s s e r s k ill a d v a n ce d
4 t o 11 c e n t s .
A v e r a g e p a y le v e l s in m a n u fa c tu r in g w e r e h ig h e r , fo r
a lm o s t a ll s im il a r o f f i c e j o b s s tu d ie d , th an in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
i n d u s t r ie s .
T h e g r e a t e s t d i f f e r e n c e s (e x c e e d in g $10 a w e e k ) w e r e
fo u n d in th e b o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r ( c l a s s B ) and the file
c le r k (c la s s B ) c a te g o r ie s .
H o w e v e r , e a r n in g s in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
e x c e e d e d th o s e in m a n u fa c tu r in g in m a n y o f th e p lan t jo b s stu d ie d .
D i f f e r e n c e s o f 20 c e n ts o r m o r e an h ou r w e r e r e c o r d e d in fa v o r
o f c a r p e n t e r s , e l e c t r i c i a n s , p lu m b e r s , an d d r i v e r s o f ligh t tr u c k s
in n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s ; and fa v o r in g m a in te n a n ce tr a d e s
h e l p e r s , j a n i t o r s , and ja n i t r e s s e s in m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s .
E a r n in g s le v e l s in m o t io n - p ic t u r e p r o d u c t io n w e r e m a t e r ia lly h ig h er
th a n f o r s im il a r jo b s in o th e r n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s tr y g r o u p in g s
o r in m a n u fa c tu r in g .
C o st-o f-Livin g and Annual Improvement Adjustm ents
W ork Schedules
O f 290 e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d , 19 in m a n u fa c tu r in g and
3 in w h o le s a le t r a d e , 4 in r e t a i l t r a d e , an d 3 in s e r v i c e s (e x c lu d in g
m o t io n - p ic t u r e p r o d u c t io n ) r e p o r t e d p r o v i s i o n s fo r p e r i o d i c c o s t - o f liv in g w a ge a d ju s t m e n t s .
In 12 in s t a n c e s t h e s e a p p lie d o n ly to p la n t
w o r k e r s — 5 in m a n u fa c tu r in g , 1 in w h o le s a le t r a d e , 4 in r e t a i l
t r a d e , and 2 in s e r v i c e s ; and in 17 in s t a n c e s to b o th p la n t and
o f f i c e w o r k e r s — 14 in m a n u fa c tu r in g , 2 in w h o le s a le t r a d e , a n d 1
in s e r v ic e s *
A n n u al im p r o v e m e n t (p r o d u c t iv it y ) a d ju s tm e n t s w e r e
a ls o p r o v id e d to b o th g r o u p s in 4 o f th e m a n u fa c tu r in g e s t a b l i s h
m e n ts and to p la n t w o r k e r s in 1 o th e r m a n u fa c tu r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t .
T h e m o s t c o m m o n ly s c h e d u le d w o r k w e e k f o r b o th p la n t and
o f f i c e w o r k e r s in L o s A n g e le s d u r in g M a r c h 1954 w a s 40 h o u r s .
A te n th o f th e p la n t w o r k e r s w o r k e d lo n g e r h o u r s , an d a s m a l le r
p r o p o r t io n o f p la n t w o r k e r s fe w e r h o u r s .
V ir t u a lly a ll o f f i c e
w o r k e r s in m a n u fa c tu r in g , p u b lic u t i l i t i e s , a n d m o t i o n - p i c t u r e p r o
d u c t io n w e r e on 4 0 -h o u r s c h e d u l e s .
W e e k ly s c h e d u le s o f l e s s than
40 h o u r s w e r e w o r k e d b y a t h ir d o f th e o f f i c e w o r k e r s in fin a n c e
an d t w o - f i f t h s in s e r v i c e in d u s t r ie s ( e x c e p t m o t i o n - p i c t u r e p r o
d u c t io n ).
O v e r t im e P a y
L a b o r -M a n a g e m e n t A g r e e m e n t s
F o u r - f i f t h s o f the p la n t w o r k e r s in th e in d u s tr y an d e s t a b
li s h m e n t - s i z e g r o u p s c o v e r e d b y th e s u r v e y in L o s A n g e le s w e r e
e m p lo y e d in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g la b o r - m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s
c o v e r in g a m a j o r i t y o f th e p la n t w o r k e r s .
H ig h e s t p r o p o r t io n s o f
p la n t -w o r k e r c o v e r a g e w e r e fo u n d in p u b lic u t ilit ie s and m o t io n p ic t u r e p r o d u c t io n , a lth o u g h in no in d u s tr y d iv i s io n w a s th e p r o
p o r t io n l e s s th an t h r e e - f o u r t h s .
A fo u r th o f th e o f f i c e w o r k e r s
w e r e in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r in g a m a j o r it y o f
su ch w o r k e r s .
F i v e - s i x t h s o f th e o f f i c e w o r k e r s in p u b lic u t ilit ie s
and a ll in m o t io n - p ic t u r e p r o d u c t io n w e r e s o c o v e r e d *
N e a r ly a ll w o r k e r s w e r e e m p l o y e d in f i r m s w h ic h p r o v id e d
p r e m iu m r a t e s o f p a y fo r w o r k p e r f o r m e d in e x c e s s o f r e g u la r
w e e k ly w o r k s c h e d u le s .
S u ch p r e m i u m r a t e s w e r e a lm o s t a lw a y s
o n e an d o n e - h a l f t im e s the r e g u la r r a t e , f o r w o r k in e x c e s s o f 40
h o u r s in th e w o r k w e e k .
A fe w e m p l o y e r s p r o v id e d th is p r e m iu m
r a t e a ft e r fe w e r than 40 h o u r s .
E m p lo y e r s o f a lm o s t a ll o f the
p la n t w o r k e r s and fo u r -fift h s o f th e o f f i c e w o r k e r s p r o v id e d p r e m iu m
r a t e s o f p a y fo r h o u r s w o r k e d b e y o n d a s p e c i f i e d n u m b e r p e r d a y .
T h e s e r a t e s , t o o , w e r e a lm o s t a lw a y s o n e a n d o n e - h a l f t i m e s the
r e g u la r r a te fo r w o r k b e y o n d 8 h o u r s , an d w e r e p r o v id e d a ft e r
fe w e r than 8 h o u r s b y a fe w e m p l o y e r s .
Establishments and Workers Within Scope of Survey and Number Studied in Los Angeles, Calif., 1 by Major Industry Division, March 1954
Workers
Number of establishments
Industry division
Minimum size
establishment
xn scope of
study 2
Studied
W i hin
t
scope o
f
study
Studied
Total
Office
2 064
,
All divisions __________________________________________________
Manufacturing------ ---- ------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing_____________________________________________
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication,
and other public u i i i s ------------- --- -------------------tlte
Wholesale trade ___________ _________________________________
Retail trade (excluding department stores) - ------- -----------Finance, insurance, and real estate ______ _ _______ _____ _______
_
Services (excluding motion pictures) 3 ______ ________ ___________
Motion pictures 4 ____________________________________________
Within
scope of
study
11
0
“
11
0
51
11
0
51
51
51
290
798,200
398, 460
99,310
871
1 193
,
110
180
469,000
329,200
247, 730
150,730
51,530
47,780
74
369
235
191
307
17
77,000
54,500
82,400
54,400
47,400
13,500
62,560
45
27
35
41
1 , 230
3
4,050
1,890
23,590
3,230
1,790
2
1
1
1
12,470
19,980
28,910
14,870
11,940
1 Los Angeles Metropolitan Area (Los Angeles and Orange Counties).
2 Total establishment employment.
For wage study purposes, a l outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair services, and
l
motion-picture theaters are considered as one establishment.
3 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and en
gineering and architectural services.
4 Motion-picture production.
Shift O p era tion s
A lm o s t a fou rth o f the L o s A n geles m an ufactu rin g plant
la b o r f o r c e w e r e e m p lo y e d on extra sh ifts at the tim e o f the study.
A ll o f th ese w o r k e r s w e r e paid a p rem iu m when w orkin g on th ese
s h ifts .
S e c o n d -s h ift d iffe r e n tia ls (o v e r f ir s t -s h ift r a te s ) w e r e m o s t
co m m o n ly 8 c e n ts .
d iffe r e n t ia ls paid w o r k e r s on th ird o r la ter
sh ifts (a ccou n tin g fo r on ly 3 p e rce n t o f the plant la b o r f o r c e ) w e r e
co m m o n ly in the fo r m o f a full d a y 's pay fo r a s h o rte r w o r k s c h e d
ule in co m b in a tion w ith c e n ts -p e r -h o u r d iffe r e n tia l p a ym en ts.
P a id H olida ys
A lm o s t a ll o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s and m o r e than n in e-ten th s
o f the plant w o r k e r s in the L o s A n g eles a rea w ere in fir m s w h ich
p ro v id e d p aid h o lid a y s , ty p ica lly 6 o r m o r e .
The m o s t lib e r a l
p r o v is io n s w e r e n oted in the p u b lic u tilities grou p, in w hich t h r e e fo u rth s o f the o ffic e and a lm o st th r e e -fifth s o f the plant w o r k e r s
r e c e iv e d 8 h o lid a y s with p ay; and in the finance grou p , in w h ich 45
p e r c e n t o f the o f fi c e w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d fr o m 8 to 11 h o lid a y s .
P ro
v is io n s fo r p re m iu m pay fo r w ork p e r fo r m e d on paid h olid a ys w e re
m ade by e s ta b lis h m e n ts em p loyin g a lm ost n in e-ten th s o f the plant
w o r k e r s and t h r e e -fo u r th s o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s .
Double tim e
(in clu d in g h olid a y pay) w as the m o s t com m on p r o v is io n ; m o s t o f
the re m a in in g w o r k e r s w e r e in fir m s paying double tim e and o n e h a lf o r t r ip le t im e .
P a id V a ca tio n s
A ll o f fic e w o r k e r s and v irtu a lly all plant w o r k e r s w e re
e m p lo y e d in fir m s having fo rm a l p ro v is io n s fo r paid v a ca tio n s .
E m p lo y e r s o f a fou rth o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s p ro v id e d a w e e k 's
v a ca tio n with pay to th ose with a y e a r 's s e r v ic e ; all oth er e m p lo y e rs
p r o v id e d at le a s t 2 w e e k s ' v a ca tio n with pay to o ffic e w o r k e r s so
q u a lifie d .
T h r e e -fifth s o f a ll plant w o r k e r s w e re in fir m s p rovid in g
a w e e k 's pay (o r an eq uivalen t 2 p e rc e n t o f annual ea rn in g s) fo r a
y e a r 's s e r v ic e ; e m p lo y e r s o f another th ird o f the plant w o r k e r s
p r o v id e d 2 w e e k s ' pay to th ose so q u a lifie d .
V irtu a lly all 5 -y e a r
w o r k e r s (plant and o ffic e ) w e re q u a lifie d to r e c e iv e 2 w e e k s ' or
m o r e v a ca tio n p ay. T h r e e -fifth s o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s w ould b e co m e
e lig ib le fo r 3 w e e k s ' pay, and an eighth fo r 4 w e e k s ' pay by c o m
p letin g 25 y e a r s ' s e r v i c e .
In c o m p a r is o n , tw o -fifth s o f the plant
w o r k e r s w ould b e c o m e e lig ib le fo r 2 w e e k s ' va ca tio n pay, sligh tly
l e s s than h a lf w ould r e c e iv e 3 w e e k s ' p ay, and m o s t o f the r e
m a in d e r m o r e than 3 w e e k s ' p ay.
The p e rce n ta g e m ethod o f d e te r
m in in g v a ca tio n pay, a p p lica b le to a sixth and a tenth o f a ll plant
and o f fic e w o r k e r s , r e s p e c t iv e ly , w as o f im p orta n ce only in the
m a n u fa ctu rin g and m o tio n -p ic tu r e in d u s trie s .
H ealth,
In su ra n ce ,
and P e n s io n P la n s
A lm o s t a ll o f the plant and o ffic e w o r k e r s w e re in fir m s
w h ich paid w h olly o r in p art fo r one o r m o r e fo rm s o f em p loy ee
h ealth , in s u ra n ce , or p en sion p la n s.
L ife in su ra n ce w as available
to n in e -te n th s o f the plant and a lm o s t a ll o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s , and
p e n s io n plans w e r e in e ffe c t in e sta b lis h m e n ts that a ccou n ted for
tw o -th ir d s o f the o ffic e and tw o -fifth s o f the plant w o r k e r s .
F iv e six th s o f the o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d by h o s p ita li
z a tio n and s u r g ic a l in s u ra n ce , tw o -th ir d s by m e d ic a l in su ra n ce ,
and a th ird by s ic k n e s s and a ccid e n t in s u ra n ce .
Sick leave plans
c o v e r e d tw o -th ir d s o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s and tw o -fifth s o f the plant
w ork ers.
A : Occupational Earnings
Table A-l: Office Occupations
(A verage s tra ig h t-tim e w eekly h ou rs and e a r n in g s 1 fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an a r e a
b a s is in L o s A n g eles, C a l i f ., by in dustry d iv ision , M arch 1954)
NUMBER, OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
Averaqs
S ex , occupation, and in d u stry d iv ision
Number
of
w
orkers
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
S
$
S
$
$
$
s
$
$
»
1
$
1
»
W
eekly
W
eekly
3 5 . Q0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 . 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 . 0C 1 0 0 .0 0
hours
earnings Under and
(Standard) (Standard) $
and
under
3 5 .0 0
C
3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 55. 00 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 . 00 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100. O o v er
Men
C le r k s , accounting, c la s s A _____________
M an u factu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing _____________________
P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
W holesale t r a d e _____________________
Motion p ictu re s
750
422
328
53
161
36
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4
8 1 .0 0
7 9 .5 0
8 2 .5 0
7 6 .5 0
8 2 .0 0
9 8 .0 0
_
-
-
C le r k s , accounting, c la s s B _____________
M an u factu rin g __________________________
___________________
N onm anufacturing
P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
279
143
136
38
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
6 8 .0 0
6 8 .0 0
6 8 .0 0
6 4 .5 0
-
C le r k s , o rd e r
M an u factu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing
____________________
W holesale tra d e ____________________
1 ,4 0 5
400
1 ,0 0 5
864
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
7 9 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
7 7 .0 0
7 6 .5 0
C le r k s , p a y ro ll __ _______________________
M an u factu rin g ________ _________________
N onm anufacturing ______________ _____
Motion p ictu re s ___________________
420
283
137
64
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
O ffice boys
_________________ ____ __ _
M anufacturing
N onm anufacturing _____________________
P u b lic u t il i t i e s * _
W holesale t r a d e _________ _________
.................. .
F in a n c e * *
Motion p ic tu re s _____________________
498
173
325
31
58
121
52
S e c r e ta r ie s
_
__
......
N onm anufacturing ___ ______ __________
-
-
_
-
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
3
3
-
_
-
„
-
_
-
_
-
_
"
7 8 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
8 6 .0 0
9 9 .5 0
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
5 1 .0 0
5 2 .5 0
5 0 .0 0
5 7 .0 0
5 0 .5 0
4 6 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
_
-
18
18
18
-
1
1
1
-
44
12
32
6
4
75
58
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
8 4 .5 0
8 3 .5 0
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
873
393
480
52
169
151
44
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
40. 0
3 8 .5
4 0 .0
7 6 .5 0
7 7 .0 0
7 6 .5 0
7 7 .0 0
7 6 .0 0
7 2 .5 0
9 6 .0 0
_
■
_
■
“
B i l l e r s , m achine (billing m a c h in e ) _______
M an u factu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing _ ____________________
P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
W holesale t r a d e __ _________________
638
130
508
128
122
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
5 9 .0 0
6 0 .5 0
5 8 .5 0
5 8 .0 0
6 1 .5 0
_
-
_
-
B i l l e r s , m achine (bookkeeping
m ach in e)
.........
...............
.... .........
N onm anufacturing ________ _____ _______
123
80
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
6 3 .0 0
5 9 .5 0
-
T abu latin g -m ach in e o p e r a t o r s ____________
M an u factu rin g ................................. ...................
N onm anufacturing
----------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * -------------------------------W holesale t r a d e _____________________
F in a n ce * * ---------------------------- -----------Motion p ictu re s — _________________
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
6
6
-
8
8
4
-
4
4
-
15
13
2
2
-
39
22
17
6
10
-
197
138
59
19
36
-
136
90
46
7
18
2
85
54
31
1
19
1
122
50
72
6
57
-
65
11
54
6
17
12
25
15
10
2
4
2
48
29
19
19
-
4
4
-
5
5
27
15
12
6
9
5
4
-
13
13
6
44
38
6
-
48
30
18
18
23
10
13
8
37
18
19
-
37
9
28
"
22
12
10
-
7
6
1
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
80
36
44
44
8
8
8
188
4
184
166
311
70
241
175
303
41
262
262
132
55
77
74
69
20
49
49
193
113
80
38
62
10
52
40
59
51
8
8
_
-
2
2
-
_
-
2
2
-
1
1
-
>
-
27
23
4
-
4
4
-
28
27
1
-
44
42
2
"
50
41
9
-
71
49
22
-
42
31
11
5
30
13
17
4
12
6
6
4
_
-
69
20
49
49
40
2
38
6
23
8
71
22
49
1
10
32
4
47
7
40
6
13
12
87
41
46
19
12
5
58
44
14
1
8
1
4
51
19
32
20
8
4
-
25
10
15
4
11
-
18
8
10
2
1
4
8
1
7
2
4
10
6
4
1
3
16
16
1
3
3
3
_
-
_
-
1
1
-
_
-
-
_
-
_
-
-
1
1
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
_
-
3
3
1
-
23
22
10
10
13
1
19
17
1
-
4
4
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
■
3
3
2
"
4
4
4
-
13
13
12
“
9
9
7
"
29
29
8
16
-
56
2
54
40
9
-
29
11
18
2
14
~
59
42
17
8
6
1
134
80
54
9
19
17
“
186
92
94
33
12
18
2
217
147
70
10
40
11
1
72
16
56
21
30
5
40
3
37
19
5
13
8
8
_
8
14
14
14
-
_
-
2
2
-
11
11
8
52
52
9
4
35
35
11
-
40
40
23
17
149
36
113
27
-
44
10
34
7
3
68
32
36
4
32
34
20
14
1
7
35
12
23
3
3
3
3
3
-
31
2
29
19
9
67
15
52
21
30
64
64
9
3
3
-
_
-
-
_
_
-
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
4
4
7
7
3
3
12
10
14
14
27
25
8
4
2
1
12
-
-
22
11
11
_
_
_
38 !
27
11
2
_
-;
- i
W omen
-
S ee footnote at end of ta b le .
*
T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding ra ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n, and o th er pu b lic u tilitie s .
* * F in a n ce, in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s ta te .
N OTE:
-
1
1
O ccu p atio n al Wage S u rv ey , L o s A n g ele s, C a lif. , M a rch 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s
D ata fo r nonm anufacturing do not include in form ation fo r departm en t s to r e s ; the rem a in d er of r e ta il
tra d e is ap p ro p ria tely re p re s e n te d in data fo r a ll in d u s trie s com bined and fo r nonm an ufacturin g.
"M otion p ic tu r e s " r e f e r s to m otion p ic tu re produ ction esta b lish m e n ts (Group 7811) a s defined in the
Stan dard In d u s tria l C la s s ific a tio n M anual (1949 ed ition) p rep a red by the B u reau of the bu d g et.
T a b le A-1: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(A verage stra ig h t-tim e w eekly h o u rs and e a r n in g s 1 fo r s e le c te d o ccu p ation s studied on an a r e a
b a s is in JLos A n g ele s, C a lif. , by in d u stry d iv isio n , M a rch 1954)
A
verage
S e x , o ccu p ation , and in d u stry d iv isio n
Number
of
w
orkers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
s
$
s
s
$
s
t
S
$
t
$
$
$
1
%
s
$
s
s
S
I
W
eekly
W
eekly
5 .0
earnings Under 3 and0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0
hours
(Standard) (Standard) $
and
3 5 .0 0 under
3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 '5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 -0 0 100.00
W omen - Continued
B o o k k ee p in g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s ,
c l a s s A ___________________________________
M a n u fa ctu rin g ......................................................
N onm anufacturing _______ _____ _______
W h o le sa le t r a d e _____________________
B o o k k eep in g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s ,
c la s s B
M a n u fa ctu rin g ________ _________________
N on m an u factu rin g __________ __________
W h o lesa le t r a d e ______________________
F in a n c e * * __ ____ _________________
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p i c t u r e s ) __ ________ „ __ _______
537
249
288
118
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
$
6 9 .0 0
7 1 .0 0
6 7 .0 0
7 0 .0 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
21
21
2 .6 9 8
446
2 ,2 5 2
197
1 ,8 2 9
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
5 3 .5 0
6 3 .5 0
5 1 .5 0
5 8 .0 0
5 0 ,0 0
-
-
60
60
60
86
86
86
146
146
146
348
348
345
340
340
8
325
495
35
460
27
359
206
3
203
18
169
3 9 .5
5 4 .5 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
36
-
1
15
-
2
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .5
3 9 .0
7 1 .0 0
7 1 .0 0
7 1 .0 0
7 2 .0 0
7 3 .0 0
6 4 .5 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
19
19
19
3
3
3
26
4
22
6
10
137
5*
82
7
6
25
137
34
103
4
9
45
144
80
64
13
17
27
303
163
140
12
16
17
4 65
368
97
36
4
24
201
94
107
30
16
1
77
32
45
_
4
4
58
15
43
_
22
_
20
_
20
_
_
_
8
1
7
3
15
_
15
1
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
15
-
23
~
5
-
43
-
26
-
31
-
17
5
13
2
20
_
4
_
14
285
87
198
21
40
101
197
51
146
22
14
70
351
194
157
40
23
73
382
213
169
13
50
57
315
330
188
142
26
60
6
225
112
113
87
4
2
212
118
94
31
25
_
193
118
75
24
18
_
57
10
47
17
16
_
14
4
10
1
8
_
3
2
1
_
_
1
1
_
1
_
1
_
_
1
_
1
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
4
4
-
1
_
1
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
55
- .
3 34
66
268
55
195
47
7
40
-
27
10
17
'
90
56
34
22
27
9
18
18
96
26
70
44
73
40
33
8
118
84
34
8
35
17
18
18
2
_
2
-
_
_
_
-
1
-
170
47
123
11
70
235
105
130
47
36
75
30
45
10
30
50
35
15
9
6
41
31
10
6
2
47
43
4
4
-
35
28
7
2
_
25
20
5
_
_
5
3
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
C le r k s , a ccou n tin g , c l a s s A
M an u facturin g _________________________
N on m an u factu rin g _______________________
P u b lic u t ilitie s * ____________________
W h o lesa le t r a d e ___ _ ______________
F in a n c e * * ____ __ ____ __________
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p ic tu r e s ) ------- „ -----------„ _
M otion p ic tu re s __ ________ _______
1 ,6 1 3
845“
767
106
100
175
175
45
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
7 2 .0 0
9 5 .5 0
-
-
-
C le r k s , acco u n tin g , c l a s s B ______________
M a n u fa ctu rin g ----------------------------------------N onm anufacturing _ ____________________
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * ____________________
W h olesale tra d e .............................. __ _
F in a n c e * * ____________________________
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p ic tu r e s ) -----------------------------------------
3 ,0 1 5
1 ,3 0 7
1 ,7 0 8
334
344
673
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
5 8 .5 0
6 1 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
6 1 .5 0
6 0 .5 0
4 9 .0 0
18
18
18
18
18
18
23
23
17
43
43
2
39
75
75
2
73
152
152
8
9
125
119
3
116
31
13
54
132
3 8 .5
5 5 .5 0
-
-
-
2
-
10
12
10
30
15
29
11
-
1
11
-
1
-
C le r k s , f ile , c l a s s A ___________ ________ _
M an u facturin g __ __ ____________________
N on m an u factu rin g _____ _________________
F in a n c e * * ......................................................
437
253
184
84
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
6 2 .0 0
6 4 . 00
5 9 .0 0
5 1 .5 0
-
_
-
_
-
8
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
6
15
15
12
23
23
18
38
21
17
16
51
22
29
5
24
22
2
2
79
51
28
10
34
28
6
-
29
19
10
-
13
11
2
1
83
78
5
-
7
1
6
-
16
16
-
C le r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B ____________________
M a n u fa ctu rin g ____ ____________________
N onm anufacturing _ ____________________
P u b lic u t ilitie s * ________ __ ____ _
W h o lesa le t r a d e _____________________
F in a n c e * * ____ _ ____________________
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p ic tu r e s ) ________ _________________
2 ,7 9 7
4 7 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
4 4 .0 0
5 5 .5 0
5 1 .5 0
4 1 .5 0
146
146
146
174
174
6
167
243
243
2
215
351
351
6
320
300
18
282
2
25
237
305
44
261
18
33
150
205
l5
190
10
47
106
126
17
109
8
42
37
211
130
81
5
39
17
227
181
46
4
19
12
282
242
40
16
24
163
144
19
13
6
-
37
7
30
15
13
5
1
4
4
-
14
_
_
14
3
2
8
8
6
_
1 ,9 9 8
98
270
1 ,4 0 7
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
79
3 9 .0
4 4 .0 0
-
1
14
18
3
34
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
C le r k s , o r d e r ____ _________________________
M an u facturin g ___ ____________________
N on m an u factu rin g _______________________
W h olesale tra d e ------------ - ----------------
854
353
501
184
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
6 2 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
6 2 .0 0
6 8 .5 0
.
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
2
2
19
3
16
14
66
32
34
4
220
90
130
12
67
1
66
23
82
45
37
7
93
28
65
25
130
78
52
4
15
10
5
5
20
10
10
10
63
29
34
34
54
8
46
46
9
9
_
-
14
10
4
1
w
r
See footnote at end o f table.
* T ransp ortation (excluding r a ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
** F inance, in su ra n ce, and re a l estate.
-
206
109
13
60
20
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
-
_
_
70
T a b le A-1: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(A verage s tr a ig h t-tim e w eekly h o u rs and e a r n in g s 1 fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an a r e a
b a s is in L o s A n g ele s, C a l i f . , by in d u stry d iv isio n , M arch 1954)
A
verage
Number
of
workers
S ex , occupation, and in d u stry d iv ision
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—
$
s
$
$
$
$
S
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
S
$
t
$
s
$
$
Weekly
Weekly Under 3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 . 00 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0C1 100.00
hours
earnings
and
(Standard) (Standard) $
and
3 5 .0 0 tinder
3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 ,0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 I over
Women - Continued
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
40. 0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
$
6 5 .0 0
6 5 .5 0
6 4 .5 0
5 7 .5 0
6 3 .5 0
5 8 .5 0
_
"
9
9
■
-
-
_
-
>
-
-
_
-
.
“
.
-
171
75
96
19
7
12
-
-
-
*
2
9
1
18
20
1
20
1
-
_
-
29
29
4
130
2
128
45
151
42
109
31
121
14
107
38
172
73
99
48
232
84
148
76
372
132
24 0
100
226
103
123
110
254
116
138
118
216
163
53
42
6
6
-
• -
30
28
2
-
44
10
34
11
7
7
2
24
15
9
1
37
6
31
2
22
18
4
"
32
28
4
"
54
43
11
3
15
12
3
3
9
7
2
2
1
1
1
_
-
_
-
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
2
11
11
9
33
3
30
4
22
41
1
40
1
8
27
146
17
129
5
22
87
102
18
84
1
40
33
78
20
58
8
13
31
171
71
100
11
38
34
159
124
35
15
5
11
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
180
93
87
18
42
21
2
2 16
127
89
16
36
15
2
-
29
55
-
-
-
-
29
20
-
55
7
46
-
141
43
98
8
63
6
125
21
104
12
57
11
157
54
103
15
45
14
50
20
30
2
2
2
56
36
20
4
4
6
38
21
17
13
2
71
68
3
-
42
40
2
-
59
52
7
2
2
6
1
5
2
-
-
6
6
-
7 3 .0 0
7 3 .5 0 '
7 3 .0 0
7 8 .5 0
7 2 .5 0
6 8 .0 0
“
• _
■
_
-
_
-
_
■
_
-
_
"
36
36
33
40
40
9
18
53
2
51
1
8
34
374
236
38 117
257
198
- '
8
26
29
122
125
558
183
375
5
71
175
506
200
306
1
87
155
998
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
6 9 .5 0
9 2 .5 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
9
-
2
97
-
7 .5 9 2
3, 196
4 ,3 9 6
457
657
2 ,0 3 3
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
6 2 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
6 0 .5 0
6 3 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
5 7 .0 0
_
-
_
8
8
34
34
4
20
33
33
28
107
10
97
3
18
61
168
2
166
32
15
104
410
82
328
14
37
197
484
32
452
15
32
341
715
201
514
41
62
275
853
290
563
32
59
324
738
186
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
6 0 .5 0
7 8 .5 0
-
10
5
15
7
67
51
124
110
2
119
3 9 .0
6 9 .0 0
-
C om ptom eter o p e ra to rs
-------------------------M an u factu rin g __________________________
N on m anufacturing----------------------------------W h olesale t r a d e --------------------------------
2 .6 5 8
993
1 ,6 6 5
796
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
6 4 .0 0
6 5 .5 0
6 3 .5 0
6 3 .5 0
_
-
293
126
30
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
5 4 .5 0
5 5 .5 0
5 3 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
-
K ey-punch o p era to rs
------------------------------M an u factu rin g ----------------------------------------N onm anufacturing----------------------------------P u blic u tilitie s * ____________________
W holesale t r a d e -------------------------------F i n a n c e * * _____
-------------------------M otion p ictu re s ____________________
1 ,7 5 7
855
902
142
256
300
50
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
6 3 .5 0
6 6 .0 0
6 1 .5 0
6 7 .0 0
6 1 .0 0
5 4 .5 0
7 8 .0 0
O ffice g irls
_____________ _______ ____________
M an u factu rin g -----------------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing _ ------------------------------W holesale tra d e ------------- -----------------F in a n c e * * ----------------------------------------M otion p ictu re s __ --------------------------
838
359
479
71
237
43
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 8 .0 0
5 2 .5 I T
4 4 .5 0
4 9 .0 0
4 2 .0 0
4 6 .5 0
S e c r e ta r ie s _ ----------------- -------------------------M an u factu rin g ------------ -------------------------N onm anufacturing----------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * -------- -----------------------W holesale tra d e _____________________
F in a n ce * * ----------------------------------------S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p ic tu r e s ) __ _______________________
M otion p i c t u r e s _____________________
6 ,7 0 6
3 ,2 2 9
3 ,4 7 7
343
773
1 ,2 3 6
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
40. 0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
539
335
S te n o g ra p h e rs, g en e ral __________________
M an u factu rin g ____ ____________________
N onm anufacturing_____________ _______
P u b lic u tilitie s * _____________________
W holesale tra d e ____________________
F in a n ce * * ____________________________
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p ic tu r e s ) ___________________________
M otion p ictu re s ____________________
—
w
r
-
-
-
-
-
-
"
-
-
-
-
8
-
59
20
39
16
6
4
40
14
26
12
12
'
See footnote at end o f table.
* T ransportation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m unication, and other pu blic u tilities.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
113
62
51
3
17
13
27
27
27
■
1. 256
643
613
131
109
76
D uplicating - m a chine op e ra to r s
(m im eograph or ditto)
-------------------------M an u factu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing _ ------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
77
41
36
11
19
5
2
2
2
C le r k s , p a y ro ll ----------------------------------------M an u factu rin g ----------------------------------------N onm anufacturing----------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
W h olesale t r a d e _____________________
F in a n ce * * ___________________________
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p ic tu re s ) __________________________
42
15
27
7
4
4
36
-
167
98
69
11
10
16
56
1120
490
630
61
121»
279
81
1
136
97
39
9
9
1
2
2
■
9
9
-
-
-
9
-
6
6
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
5
5
-
-
-
-
-
_
329
242
87
25
8
8
Ill
12
99
32
36
25
5
20
-
_
-
6
1
5
-
_
-
_
-
-
3
3
-
394
32
141
126
47
-
86
-
1
987
488
499
67
121
167
744
500
244
39
28
83
747
512
235
52
34
76
113
33
7
33
17
95
59
36
4
11
5
-
93
73
20
5
14
~
87
45
42
4
6
2
8
2
28
326
195
131
85
4 23
69
354
99
7
7
5
147
121
26
10
4
8
3
-
6
-
-
30
19
11
4
86
25
61
3
2
”
m
~
1
-
-
-
11
11
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
14
16
-
5
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
1325
8 12
513
67
177
184
1336
873
463
125
75
141
493
211
282
39
56
61
280
no
170
18
22
37
279
45
234
21
20
21
122
23
99
26
52
4
70
11
59-
55
49
23
60
33
20
58
19
146
15
59
405
293
97
57
60
352
148
2 04
68
10
74
17
57
1
33
16
17
-
21
3
18
-
4
4
4
-
-
“
~
■
31
28
23
77
26
28
9
8
18
-
-
698
-
_
-
T a b le A - l : O f f ic e O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n t in u e d
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on jin area
basis in Los Angeles, Calif., by industry division, March 1954)
A
verage
S e x , o ccu p ation , and in d u stry d iv isio n
Number
of
w
orkers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
*
s
W
eekly
W
eekly Under 3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 * 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 * 8 5 .0 0 * 9 0 .0 0 * 9 5 .0 0 100.00
hours
earnings $
and
(Standard) (Standard)
and
3 5 .0 0 under
0 -4Q.J0.Q- 42.5Q 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 ,0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 . 00 100.00 over
W omen - Continued
S te n o g ra p h e rs , t e c h n i c a l __________________
N onm anufacturing _______________________
F in a n c e * * __
M otion p ic tu re s ____________________
339
171
61
28
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
$
7 5 .5 0
7 0 .5 0 ^
6 3 .5 0
8 4 .5 0
Sw itch b oard o p e r a to r s _____________________
M anu facturing __ _______________________
N onm anufacturing ______________________
P u b lic u t ilitie s * ____________________
W h olesale tr a d e — _________________
F in a n c e * * ------------------------------------------S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p ic tu r e s ) ___________________________
M otion p ic tu re s _____________________
1 ,7 1 9
476
1 ,2 4 3
189
150
261
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
5 9 .5 0
6 6 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
6 4 .0 0
6 0 .0 0
5 3 .5 0
_
-
414
127
3 9 .5
3 7 .0
Sw itch b oard o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s ______
M a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________________
N on m an u factu rin g _______________________
P u b lic u t ilitie s * __________________ __
W h olesale t r a d e _____________________
F in a n c e * * ____________________________
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p i c t u r e s ) -------------------------------------------
1 .5 7 5
731
844
52
264
167
_
-
_
“
_
■
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
8
12
105
105
-
53
53
-
120
6
16
18
7
44
2
2
-
-
-
8
12
-
-
-
-
-
125
125
5
4 6 .5 0
7 9 .0 0
“
8
12
120
“
89
■
29
-
68
■
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
5 9 .5 0
5 9 .5 0
5 9 .0 0
6 5 .5 0
6 1 .0 0
5 4 .0 0
_
-
.
-
.
-
14
14
-
26
17
9
-
55
62
11
22
44
120
1
2
6
29
40
30
202
4 0 .0
5 7 .5 0
”
"
■
13
T a b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s -----------------M a n u fa ctu rin g _____________________ _____
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ----------------------------------W h olesale t r a d e ---------------------------------
278
133
145
50
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
7 2 .0 0
7 1 .5 0
7 3 .0 0
7 1 .5 0
_
"
.
"
.
~
-
.
~
T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ,
g e n e r a l ____________________________________
N on m an u factu rin g ----------------------------------W h olesale t r a d e --------------------------------F in a n c e * * -------------------------------------------
560
479
109
287
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
5 7 .5 0
5 7 .5 0
5 9 .0 0
5 4 .5 0
~
-
-
T y p is ts , c la s s A -----------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g -----------------------------------------N on m anufacturing _ __ -------------------------W h o lesa le t r a d e --------------------------------F in a n c e * * ------------------------------------------
2 .4 6 3
1 ,0 8 0
1 ,3 8 3
250
899
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
5 5 .0 0
6 0 .0 0
5 2 .0 0
T y p is ts , c la s s B ----------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ----------------------------------------N onm anufacturing _ ____________________
P u b lic u tilitie s * __ _________________
W h olesale t r a d e _____________________
F in a n c e * * ____ ____________________
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p i c t u r e s ) -------------------------------------------
4 ,5 4 2
1 ,0 9 9
3 ,4 4 3
315
347
2, 144
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
4 9 .5 0
5 4 .5 0
4 8 .0 0
5 6 .5 0
5 2 .0 0
4 5 .0 0
371
3 9 .0
4 8 .5 0
-
1
1
120
-
-
120
1
120
2
6
54
67
18
49
2
14
23
11
11
11
-
-
24
24
17
1
9
9
3
-
26
26
177
73
104
63
34
121
171
164
65
56
17
18
120
110
22
10
6
10
51
33
-
99
15
84
114
25
89
21
21
5
24
25
27
15
-
17
-
8
1
5
2
-
-
2
7
162
113
49
-
162
83
79
3
45
156
82
74
40
1
10
-
71
17
54
13
6
155
35
31
19
125
54
71
27
29
198
145
53
24
1
256
103
153
.80
24
10
47
10
28
24
32
18
1
“
-
“
-
4
9
4
5
4
17
4
13
11
11
2
59
59
63
63
13
48
57
57
24
30
54
54
2
-
-
1
136
31
105
7
23
34
30
-
-
11
35
25
16
1
10
64
33
1
-
54
25
58
8
2
1
11
79
15
64
-
46
-
11
2
78
15
_
7
_
-
7
7
_
7
2
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
44
_
-
16
4
58
-
-
-
44
-
-
-
_
~
54
19
35
5
32
7
25
-
8
8
-
47
23
24
18
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
"
-
10
2
16
-
5
"
-
13
2
~
30
30
4
42
25
17
38
29
9
”
39
17
53
40
13
-
23
“
4
4
-
3
3
-
10
8
5
_
5
-
11
20
64
35
5
17
15
15
-
4
4
4
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
_
-
_
-
14
14
_
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
1
2
2
-
-
127
97
12
49
27
5
83
20
190
253
71
182
48
119
370
188
182
58
324
253
71
17
37
320
118
9
40
40
199
128
71
19
12
30
192
94
98
32
37
12
22
10
2
10
10
55
55
22
14
1
1
12
11
-
11
-
9
9
9
-
-
157
157
157
“
88
88
88
1
21
-
-
11
21
-
-
11
21
355
5
350
-
594
9.
157
26
131
113
319
14
4 78
793
33
760
56
35
518
19
• 71
104
12
22
572
2
12
47
154
142
329
29
300
2
120
267
485
73
412
35
695
246
449
19
68
88
210
234
389
237
152
23
23
49
67
54
9
12
12
12
178
14
145
202
100
2
21
10
-
156
125
31
3
3
302
234
57
47
25
10
78
50
28
22
8
68
14
14
26
3
-
12
1
10
6
1
151
42
109
71
15
56
34
13
13
-
29
- 29
_
_
2
*2
-
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
“
'
5 8 .0 0
6 2 .0 0
-
'
'
86
18
-
-
-
1 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em p loyees re c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings co rre sp o n d to these w eekly hou rs.
* T ra n sp ortation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
** F inance, in su ra n ce, and rea l estate.
11
~
_
-
13
“
72
T a b le A - 2 : P ro fe ssio n a l a n d T e c h n ic a l O c c u p a tio n s
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Los Angeles, Calif., by industry division, March 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
A
verage
S ex, occup ation, and in d u stry d iv isio n
Number
of
w
orkers
$
s
s
s
%
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
%
s
1
s
%
$
t
s
W
eekly
W
eekly Under 6 0 ^ 5 ° 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 90. 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0
earnings
hours
“
“
(Standard) (Standard) $
“
”
~
and
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
"
■
“
under
6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 o v e r
M en
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
$
1 2 4 .0 0
1 2 7 .5 0
“
1 ,4 2 4
1 ,2 4 9
175
71
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
9 2 .0 0
9 2 .0 0
9 3 .5 0
8 8 .5 0
3
3
3
500
401
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
7 7 .0 0
7 4 .0 0
30
27
D ra ftsm en , lea d er _______________________
M an u factu rin g -----------------------------------------
143
D raftsm en , s e n i o r __ ____________________
M an u factu rin g __________________________
N on m anufacturing----------------------------------P u blic u tilitie s * _____________________
D ra ftsm en , ju n io r -----------------------------------M an u factu rin g __________________________
1
--------r
1
-
52
50
1
1
10
8
2
2
2
2
108
93
15
5
173
160
13
1
1
2
12
1
36
35
44
40
44
30
67
120
66
119
37
36
20
8
_
12
6
6
6
5
4
3
1
1
4
5
r ------ 5 -
1
“
-
“ —
228
216
307
291
16
11
21
16
1
3
9
“ ------ T “------- 5“
208
175
33
24
110
86
48
23
"
57
56
60
5
2
“ — z * r --------5" -------2“
6
8
23
23 ------ 5 "
.
“
_
”
12
~— rr
_
■
30
24
12
85
39
46
“
2
1
1
19
19
"
23
23.
~
15
15
“
8
8
~
-
'
W omen
N u rs e s , in d u strial (r e g is t e r e d ) ____________
O n e-n u rse unit ---------------------------M u ltip le-n u rse unit --------------------M anufacturing — -----------------------------------O n e-n u rse unit ---------------------------M u ltip le-n u rse unit --------------------N onm anufacturing _ ........................................
454
187
267
398
154
244
56
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
7 8 .5 0
7 5 .5 0
8 0 .5 0
7 9 .0 0
7 5 .0 0
8 1 .5 0
7 6 .5 0
-
3
4
24
2
1
2
2
2
2
t l
3
-
3
12
12
-
5
5
-
21
12
2
16
1
2
1
1
7
7
100
69
31
84
63
98
35
63
89
33
56
9
187
37
150
180
31
149
7
17
5
6
1
12
4
4
-
2
2
-
14
5
5
2
12
-
2
2
2
2
-
5
-
-
-
3
1
2
-
1
1
1
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
1
Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Occupational W a g e Survey, Los Angeles, C alif., March 1954
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
NOTE:
Data for nonmanufacturing do not include information for department stores; the remainder of retail
trade is appropriately represented in data for all industries combined and for nonmanufacturing.
"Motion pictures" refers to motion picture production establishments (Group 7811) as defined in the
Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1949 edition) prepared by the Bureau of the Budget.
T a b le A -3 :
M a in te n a n c e a n d P o w e rp la n t O c c u p a t io n s
(Average hourly earnings 1 fo r m en in selected occupations studied on an area
b asis in L os A n geles, C a lif., by industry d ivision , M arch 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
of
Workers
Average
hourly
earnings
C a r p e n te rs , m a in te n a n c e _________________
M a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------------N on m an u factu rin g ---------------------------------P u b lic u t ilitie s * ____________________
M otion p ic tu r e s ___________________
1, 113
851
262
70
38
$
2. 21
2. 16
2 .3 6
2 .2 0
2 .8 9
E l e c t r ic i a n s , m ain ten an ce ----------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g -----------------------------------------------N on m an u factu rin g ---------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * _________ ____ ______
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p ic tu re s ) ___________ '____________________
M otion p ic tu re s -------------------------------
2 .0 7 3
1, 698
375
121
2 .3 7
2 .3 2
2 .5 9
2. 35
61
164
2 .4 5
2 .8 9
E n g in e e r s , s t a t i o n a r y ------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------------N on m an u factu rin g______________________
S e r v ic e s (excluding m otion
p i c t u r e s ) -----------------------------------------
799
244
2 .2 8
2 .2 5
2 .3 5
103
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
S
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 1 .6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 1 .8 5 1 .9 0 1 .9 5 2 .0 0 2 . 10 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0
and
and
under
1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 1 .6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 1 .8 5 1 .9 0 1 .9 5 2 .0 0 2 . 10 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 over
2. 38
O ccupation and in d u stry d iv isio n
555
29
26
3
2
213
TZ U ~
1 .8 8
1 .8 9
H e lp e rs , tr a d e s , m ain ten an ce -1 _________
M a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------------N onm anufacturing
___________________
P u b lic u tilitie s * -------------------------------------
2 ,6 0 9
1 ,7 1 9
890
748
1.8 1
1 .8 9
1 .6 6
1 .6 0
M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a to r s , to o lro o m --------M a n u fa ctu rin g ----------------------------------------
1 ,2 7 5
1 ,2 7 2
4
1 .3 8 1
1 ,2 6 1
120
52
2 ,0 0 4
535
1 ,4 6 9
1 ,0 8 0
136
.
'
"
'
'
'
233
171
62
37
161
133
28
15
26
18
8
37
3
34
-
-
3
3
-
26
14
12
-
41
-
41
-
'
83
8
75
75
133
46.
87
83
72
27
45
44
“
160
142
18
4
289
253
36
1
280
244
36
35
648
639
9
2
293
215
78
76
-
10
19
1
3
-
2
2
2
3
-
2
“
-
'
47
46
1
64
62
2
“
“
-
2
.
18
18
-
-
214
25
189
27
27
■
-
~
25
164
-
29
14
'
54
38
12
-
-
-
54
54
38
38
12
12
33
27
6
6
58
2
56
56
_
194
183
11
292
231
61
95
41
54
49
46
3
36
32
4
-
-
-
-
4
29
14
55
3
*
4
-
4
“
4
16
14
21
21
14
14
12
12
"
"
-
-
-
-
-
5
5
4
'
‘
'
‘
24
24
7
1
15
9
3
3
33
33
30
3
46
6
117
53
64
35
272
188
84
84
374
231
143
142
38
28
10
1
63
49
14
8
43
19
24
8
75
26
49
44
169
114
55
50
862
853
9
8
55
48
7
58
.
.
-
58
-
-
-
-
-
5
5
18
18
161
159
510
509
456
456
108
108
2
2
“
9
-
22
22
31
18
13
13
139
136
3
564
554
10
10
294
268
26
26
24
24
10
10
37
37
53
_
_
_
53
~
186
181
5
3
-
-
-
-
254
40
214
154
26
462
112
350
237
29
9 12
207
705
651
32
171
75
96
16
41
3
3
10
10
1
4
.
4
1
1
See footnote at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
-
75
20
55
6
.
2 .2 0
2. 18
2. 20
2. 19
2. 19
296
258
38
3
'
2 .3 6
2 .3 5
2 .5 2
2 .3 1
M e ch a n ics , autom otive (m a in te n a n c e )---M a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------------N on m an u factu rin g ---------------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * ________________________
W h olesale tra d e _ __________________
151
123
28
6
1
1
'
"
24
22
2
3
4
'
3
7
3
4
3
1
2
2
2 .2 9
2 .2 9
M a c h in is ts , m a in te n a n c e -------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------------N on m an u factu rin g-------- ------ -----------------P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
57
50
7
6
38
'
F ir e m e n , sta tio n a ry b o ile r ---------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ---- ---_ __ ---------------
53
52
1
1
4
4
-
4
3
17
15
2
2
-
29
13
16
7
2
'
-
102
70
32
5
8
•
'
_
“
16
9
7
_
-
16
_
7
_
_
11
11
_
-
22
_
_
_
22
_
_
_
Occupational Wage Survey, Los Angeles, Calif. , March 1954
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
NOTE:
Data for nonmanufacturing do not include information for department stores; the remainder of retail
trade is appropriately represented in data for all industries combined and for nonmanufacturing.
"Motion pictures" refers to motion picture production establishments (Group 7811) as defined in the
Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1949 edition) prepared by the Bureau of the Budget.
74
Ta b le A - 3 :
M a inte na nc e and P o w e rp la n t O c c u p a tio n s - C o ntinue d
(A verage hou rly ea rn in g s 1 fo r m en in s e le c te d o ccu p ation s studied on an a r e a
b a s is in L o s A n g ele s, C a l i f ., by in d u stry d iv isio n , M arch 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
*
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 1 .6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 1 .8 5 1 .9 0 1 .9 5 2 .0 0 2 . 10 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2. 50 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0
and
and
under
O
1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 1 .6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 1 .8 5 1 .9 0 1 .9 5 2 .0 0 2 . 10 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 . 50 2 .6 0 ?.. 70 2 . 8 0 7 .. Q nveir
$
O ccupation and in d u stry d iv isio n
Number
of
W
orkers
M ech an ics, m ain ten an ce _________________
M an u factu rin g --------------------------------------N onm anufacturing _ ___________________
W holesale t r a d e ____________________
2 ,4 7 0
2 ,3 0 1
169
75
M illw r ig h ts -----------------------------------------------M an u facturin g __________________________
224
213
2 .2 9
2. 28
O ile rs _________________________ ___________
M an u facturin g ----------------------------------------
436
432
1 .7 9
1 .7 9
P a in te r s , m a in te n a n c e ___________________
M an u facturin g__________________________
Nonm anufacturing _ -----------------------------P u blic u tilitie s * ____________________
884
661
223
70
2 .1 7
2 . 17
2 . 18
2 .0 8
P ip e fitte rs , m a in te n a n c e -------------------------M an u facturin g ------------------- -------------------
605
2 .2 7
2 .3 2
P lu m b e r8, m aintenance
________________
M an u facturin g__________________________
N onm anufacturing--------------------------------Motion p ic tu re s ___________________
268
69
50
2 .3 4
2 .2 2
2 .6 7
2 .8 9
S h e e t-m e ta l w o rk e rs, m a in te n a n c e ____ _
M an u facturin g ----------------------------------------
182
166
2 .2 3
2. 16
1
1
56
56
61
61
16
16
31
31
_
T o o l-a n d -d ie m a k e r s -------------------------------M an u factu rin g ---------------------------------------
2 .3 1 6
2 ,3 0 6
2 .4 5
2 .4 5
3
3
17
17
124
124
187
187
371
371
1247
1246
5o T "
W
Average
hourly
earnings
$
2.
2.
2.
2.
16
16
16
10
"
-
-
-
-
E x clu d es p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and nightw ork.
T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding ra ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n, and o th er public u tilitie s .
-
2
2
4
4
25
23
45
45
50
50
112
112
57
53
4
2
51
45
6
6
69
67
2
2
53
53
■
286
247
39
32
720
6 76
44
■
8 14
776
38
32
280
255
25
1
59
53
6
~
11
8
3
~
-
5
5
65
65
15
15
10
10
85
85
89
89
.
■
11
■
9
9
_
-
“
_
_
“
"
.
110
110
30
29
8
8
44
44
3
2
3
3
.
.
_
.
_
-
-
-
“
-
~
"
21
2
19
24
24
-
32
17
15
7
89
69
20
17
191
157
34
14
210
134
76
25
56
35
21
7
211
206
5
2
2
~
16
8
8
-
~
6
6
~
83
9
2
110
43
41
319
318
32
31
_
_
~
“
21
15
6
48
45
3
91
84
7
50
50
2
2
_
-
-
2
2
-
2
2
_
-
2
1
1
n o
.
5
3
2
■
-
_
21
21
~
5
3
2
-
_
4
"
“
5
5
_
50
50
50
'
-
_
■
1
1
-
-
-
-
172
172
90
90
24
24
9
9
72
63
16
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M ove m e nt O c c u p a tio n s
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in Los Angeles, Calif., by industry division, March 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Occupation and industry division
Guards __________________________
Manufacturing _______*_________
Nonmanufacturing _ ------------Motion pictures ___________________________
Janitors, porters, and cleaners (men)___
Manufacturing_____________________________________
Nonmanufacturing _ _____________
Public u ilities * _____________
t
Wholesale trade _ ____________
Finance **__________________
Services (excluding motion
pictures)__________________
Motion picture s ______________
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(women) ----------------------Manufacturing _ ________________
_
Nonmanufacturing _ _______ __________________
Finance * * ---------------------------------------Motion picture s _____________
Number
of
Workers
Average
hourly
earnings
$
1.82
1.80
1.85
2.962
2,221
741
332
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Undei 1 . 0 0 * .05 * .1 0 $ . 15 1 . 2 0 *1.25 1.30 $ . 35 1.40 $
1
1
1.60 * . 65 *1.70 *1.75 1 .80 1 85 $1 . 9 0 $1.95 $ . 0 0 * .10 * .2 0 $2.30 $
1.45 1.50 *1.55 $
1
.
1 1
2
2
2
2.40
and
$
and
1 . 0 0 under
.
.
1.05 1 .10 1'15 1 . 2 0 1.25 1 30 1 35 1.40 1.45 1 50 1.55 1.60 1 65 1.70 1.75 1 .80 1 85 1 . 9 0 1.95 2 . 0 0 2 .10 2 . 2 0 2.30 2.40 over
.
.
.
.
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
132
317
271
-
18
14
4
14
14
2
2
12
5
7
46
34
12
108
73
35
86
86
-
583
522
567
428
139
13
47
159
76 .134
36
25
178
105
73
15
883 1420 1131
834 1207 521
49 213 610
10
176
82
33
22
34
3
615
312
303
48
28
165
137
28
34
193
9
-
62
58
4
112
2.01
9,958
4 933
,
5,025
574
324
988
1.47
1.58
1.37
1.53
1.53
1.23
1
13
1,932
195
1.28
1.71
9
96
-
-
2,294
341
1 953
,
678
10
10
-
1.25
1.53
8 ,842
25
1 14
.
1.71
101
25
1.20
12
1.76
1.76
1.77
1.79
1.78
Laborers, material handling________
Manufacturing__________________
Nonmanufacturing _ _____________
Public u ilities * ----^
t
--------Wholesale trade______________
Motion pictures _____________
4 218
,
4 624
,
924
1 519
,
84
2 948
,
46~
2,479
1,441
1 83
.
1.90
1.81
1.77
Packers, shipping (men) ---- -----------------Manufacturing _________________
Nonmanufacturing _ ________ ____
Wholesale trade — -----------
1 817
,
860
957
922
187
-
-
-
16
50
-
317
109
271
3
24
183
64
33
-
-
-
115
-
129
-
2
15
1190
2
129 1188
59 276
-
-
187
179
-
115
73
-
-
_
-
.
-
-
_
-
363 1 6 6 2
119 2 0 1
244 1461
45
27
14
6
159 584
541
40
501
31
1
-
756
-
407
-
38
7
31
23
-
36
15
12
10
24
8
37
5
515
154
361
49
45
21
182
-
84
10
74
325
94
231
44
23
15
110
-
54
38
16
7
61
33
26
1
6
1
21
-
-
62
58
49
9
22
40
40
"
-
1
-
-
-
-
14
14
14
62
60
85
43
21
65
55
12
98
90
64
34
10
2
6
31
8
21
-
-
8
8
3
-
6
36
36
134
134
-
143 1080
61 585
82 495
6
4
13
-
-
-
5
10
10
-
-
111
1
110
101
58
392
345
47
-
1
18
~
118
113
5
5
561
522
39
-
193
154
39
15
481
466
15
92
57
35
-
-
421
87
334
317
-
-
"
"
11
8
8
6
-
56
44
12
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
Packers, shipping (women)--------Manufacturing ----------------Receiving clerks
— ------------Manufacturing--------------- —
Nonmanufacturing _ __ -----------------------Wholesale trade_____________________________
Shipping clerks ------- ----------------------------Manufacturing__________________
Nonmanufacturing--------------Wholesale trade _ ---------- _
2
12
_
_
_
10
16
42
96
16
86
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
10
16
-
42
40
96
16
1
6
16
86
-
12
-
1.74
1.77
1.70
1.71
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
18
-
8
-
-
18
18
-
376
37
4"
1.55
1.55
_
>
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
“
1 127
,
659
468
1.84
1.85
1.83
1.83
_
_
_
-
-
-
1.90
_
_
_
-
-
-
9
9
-
>
-
_
_
1.92
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.85
1.82
-
-
-
-
-
-
210
1 143
.
740
403
321
-
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
2
NOTE:
_
-
-
8
2
2
13
13
17
17
-
_
31
31
"
37
17
20
20
459 1041
314 415
145 626
36
139 409
-
6
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
10
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
“
-
268
176
128
48
36
-
_
66
-
_
-
157
117
626
316
310
71
84
156
116
176
128
48
36
94
85
449
427
138
57
33
24
-
14
184
77
107
103
618
44
574
495
394
85
309
309
6
2
31
29
56
50
198
6
6
443
103
340
331
10
2
2
186
48
138
:38
53
4
140
64
76
76
25
173
173
268
134
134
126
10
10
160
157
88
88
44
44
44
44
_
8
-
-
-
5
3
32
26
21
38
38
16
4
16
6
6
2
2
6
6
2
2
-
-
73
48
25
”
“
8
93
74
19
19
76
50
26
26
24
24
24
10
6
44
41
3
3
13
7
44
33
123
109
14
-
-
4
4
6
6
?8
77
21
4
12
-
_
-
615
405
64
64
52
8
6
2
2
_
-
_
-
-
97
23
74
74
19
-
6
_
-
663 1903 1169
398 463 590
265 1440 579
9 468 378
229 170
29
30
3
27
27
10
-
2
33
3
30
30
18
-
37
37
2
2.01
Order fillers_____________________
Manufacturing__________________
Nonmanufacturing _ ----------------------------Wholesale trade------------------------------
-
20
112
66
180
122
43
43
11
11
10
210
111
-
-
94
24
85
85
449
33
19
14
151
132
19
19
-
8
_
-
129
104
86
68
43
41
36
36
62
25
37
29
182
84
98
98
67
25
42
36
20
_
2
2
221
47
174
10
48
19
6
12
42
35
201
226
16
-
138
110
7
2
-
5
5
"
_
_
-
-
90
90
-
_
-
"
67
46
52
38
14
4
54
54
21
20
188
148
40
32
70
16
54
31
200
2 00
3
3
_
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
-
_
-
-
12
11
1
9
-
-
1
53
38
15
3
28
28
70
70
-
-
-
6
3
Occupational Wage Survey, Los Angeles, Calif., March 1954
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Data for nonmanufacturing do not include information for department stores; the remainder of retail
trade is appropriately represented in data for all industries combined and for nonmanufacturing.
"Motion pictures" refers to motion picture production establishments (Group 7811) as defined in the
Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1949 edition) prepared by the Bureau of the Budget.
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M ove m e nt O c c up a tio ns - C o n tin u e d
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in Los Angeles, Calif., by industry division, March 1954)
O ccupation and in d u stry d iv isio n
Number
of
W
orkers
NUMBER OF
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Average
Under $1 .0 0 1 .0 5 1. 10 1. 15 1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0
hourly
earnings $
and
1 .0 0 under
1 .0 5 1 .1 0 1. 15 1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5
WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
* ,
1 .4 5 1 .5 0 * 1 .5 5 1 .6 0 $1 .6 5 1 .7 0 $ 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 $ 1 .8 5 1 .9 0 * 1 .9 5 2 .0 0 2 . 10 * 2 .2 0 $2 .3 0 2 .4 0
1 .5 0
1 .5 5
1 .6 0
1 .6 5
1 .7 0
1 .7 5
1 .8 0
1 .8 5
1 .9 0
1 .9 5
2 .0 0
2 . 10 2 .2 0
2 .3 0
b i o
and
o v er
Sh ip p in g -a n d -receiv in g c le r k s ________
M an u factu rin g _________________________
N on m an ufacturin g. ---------------------------W holesale t r a d e ___________________
894
521
373
228
$
1 .9 3
1 .9 0
1 .9 7
2 . 10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
13
13
2
2
4
4
-
-
22
20
2
10
10
3
3
28
25
3
8
8
-
139
66
73
8
28
23
5
~
155
122
33
32
126
108
18
18
24
4
20
20
156
103
53
24
88
4
84
72
6
6
"
74
20
54
54
8
8
-
T ru c k d riv e r s, lig h t (under l V z t o n s ) ____
M anufacturing
---------------------------------N onm anufacturing _ ----------------- -------M otion p ictu re s ___________________
1, 890
593
1, 300
109
1 .8 7
1 .7 2
1 .9 4
2 .3 0
_
■
_
~
3
3
“
_
"
22
22
-
18
18
"
3
3
"
2
2
“
59
53
6
39
1?
22
■
27
17
10
■
55
4$
6
■
45
31
14
“
72
13
59
~
62
61
1
■
49
40
9
“
32
29
3
~
83
63
20
“
409
103
3 06
"
96
74
22
■
58
8
50
■
591
16
575
17
13
4
■
148
3
145
109
~
"
T ru c k d riv e r s, m edium {1*1 z to and
including 4 tons)
______________________
M anufacturing ------------------------------------N on m an ufacturin g. ---------------------------P u blic u tilitie s * ---------------------------W holesale t r a d e -----------------------------M otion p ictu re s -------------------------------
4 , 674
1 ,3 6 $
3 ,3 0 9
1 ,9 2 3
873
90
1 .9 5
2 .0 0
1 .9 3
1 .8 6
1 .9 9
2 .3 0
■
”
■
“
-
4
4
4
-
4
4
4
"
"
2
2
2
■
1
1
1
■
25
5
20
5
9
■
3
3
3
“
29
23
6
- ■
6
“
72
29
43
1
36
“
91
71
20
2
' “
39
35
4
4
"
239 1947
1 1
5$
168 1892
- 1677
162
215
~
4 29
187
242
21
143
“
164
122
42
“
556
255
301
190
-
592
478
114
3
56
-
430
34
396
2 52
90
35
35
*
12
12
-
T ru c k d riv e r s, heavy (over 4 to n s,
t r a il e r t y p e ) ------- __ — -----------M anufacturing ----------- ------- ._ -------N onm anufacturing ------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * ---------------------------W holesale t r a d e -----------------------------M otion p ictu re s ------------------------------
2 ,9 1 1
696
2 ,2 1 5
1 ,0 4 0
357
63
2 .0 5
2 .0 3
2 .0 6
1 .9 1
2 .0 8
2 .3 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
45
45
-
23
23
-
"
“
“
“
“
"
“
-
“
■
-
”
~
-
-
“
“
T ru c k d riv e r s, heavy (over 4 to n s,
o ther than t r a il e r type) ----------------------M an u facturin g _________________________
---------------------------N onm anufacturing
P u b lic u tilitie s * ---------------------------W holesale tra d e ---------------------------M otion p ictu re s ------------------------------
1, 810
334
1 ,4 7 6
623
594
66
2 .0 6
1 .9 7
2 .0 8
1 .9 7
2 . 15
2 .3 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
15
-
-
69
69
T r u c k e rs , power (fo rk lift) ______________M an u facturin g -------------------------------------N onm anufacturing-------------------------------W holesale tra d e -----------------------------
2 .5 4 5
l| 672
873
255
1 .9 2
1 .8 8
2 .0 0
2 .0 2
T r u c k e r s , pow er (other than f o r k l if t ) ---M anufacturing -------------------------------------
893
635
1 .8 6
P .77
"
“
-
■
W a tch m e n _______________________________ M anufacturing ________________________
Nonm anufacturing ------------------------------P u blic u tilitie s * ----------------------------Finance * * _________________________
1 .0 6 5
701
364
26
112
1 .4 9
1 .5 0
1 .4 5
1 .2 6
1 .3 4
80
46
34
14
86
44
42
11
4
_
110
1 .4 0
20
19
Services (excluding motion
pictures) -----------------------------------
“
-
14
_
-
-
-
-
14
4
-
2
39
8
31
14
17
72
26
46
8
38
88
75
13
7
4
“
~
“
"
10
10
64
62
2
467
5
462
436
26
~
659
9
650
576
74
240
182
58
12
26
“
315
251
64
16
48
-
404
45
359
105
“
650
65
585
76
63
91
56
35
2
“
■
-
278
14
264
240
24
"
78
22
56
56
“
76
12
64
1
■
523
99
424
382
■
290
72
2 18
200
478
is
450
314
66
1
1
~
2
2
-
226
218
8
241
108
133
17
337
41
296
131
103
87
16
16
176
~
70
_
“
-
100
87
13
8
133
120
13
203
171
32
20
265
95
170
62
344
3 44
"
458
268
190
1
■
5
5
15
15
-
'
_
-
■
-
~
18
18
-
_
_
-
”
22
17
5
1
“
5
5
29
29
45
45
100
100
107
"
■
1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
2 Study limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
■
"
-
38
38
•
"
-
101
46
46
128
122
84
84
103
103
4?
46
3
3
42
28
14
-
90
76
14
8
80
79
1
■
1
52
49
3
3
-
4
4
4
-
102
54
48
38
12
26
9
9
-
124
124
-
10
8
2
_
■ -
64
64
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
12
-
-
-
-
10
2
36
B: Establishment Practices and Supplem entary W age Provisions
Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions'
Percent of manufacturing plant workers —
13
In establishments having
formal provisions for Third or
Second
other shift
shift
work
work
Shift differential
92. 3
80.9
()
b
Actually working onSecond
shift
Third or
other
shift
19.4
3.2
92.3
80.9
19.4
3.2
Uniform cents (per hour) _ _____________________________
73.6
24.6
16.4
1.4
4 cents _ ________________________________________
_
5 cents ___________________________________________
_ _
_
.
6 cents--- _
7 or 7V2 cents __________________________________
8 cents ___________________________________________
9 cents __________________ _________________________
10 cents _________________________ ______ __ _______
12 cents __________________________________________
13, 13Va or 1334 cents ___________________ __________
/
15 cents______ _ _
_
_
_
_
Over 15 cents
_
_
1.0
7 1
.
7 1
.
3.2
32. 1
2.4
2.7
With shift pay differential ________________ ______________
Uniform percentage
5 percent
_
_
7l/z percent __________________ _____________________
10 percent _ _ _ _ _
_
12 percent _
_
..
.
.
.. . _ .
.. _
Full day*s pay for reduced hours
No shift pay differential
.
.
__
_
__ _
_
..
.
_ __
.2
.9
1.5
.2
9.8
-
.6
.3
-
.4
(
2)
.2
.4
.1
.1
.1
1 2
.
.2
2.3
3 6
.
.9
.8
.4
~
.2
2.0
3 1
.
.2
.1
9.6
46.4
1 7
.
1.6
-
18.3
.9
3 2
.
.9
-
.7
8.9
3.3
4.4
2.3
7 0
.
__
Other3 _ _
-
6 8
.
4.3
-
-
2 7
.
~
-
2.8
-
. . . ..
.
.
.
1 Shift differential data are presented in terms of (a) establishment policy, and (b) workers actually employed on late shifts at the time
of the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the
time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts.
2 L ess than 0. 05 percent.
3 Includes cents or percentage differential in combination with paid lunch and/or full pay for reduced hours.
Occupational Wage Survey, Los Angeles, Calif. , March 1954
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table B-2: Scheduled Weekly Hours
Percent of office workers 1 employed in —
W eek ly h o u rs
A ll w o rk e r s _ _
__
......
_
32 h o u r s ______
3 5 hour s _________________________________ __ ___ _
O ver 35 and und er 3 7 V2 h o u r s _________________
37 V2 hour s
____ _
O v er 37 V and und er 40 h o u rs
?.
40 h o u rs _______ __________________________________
42 h o u rs ______ __
.........
44 h o u rs
__
45 h o u rs
.
. ...
,
, .., „
48 h o u rs
_
_
... ... . __
O ver 48 h o u rs ..............
All
Manu
industries 1 facturing
2
1 0 0 .0
1 .0
.8
7 .4
3 .6
8 6 .7
( 5)
.6
( 5)
-
1 0 0 .0
0. 1
_
1 .6
.4
9 7 .8
_
. 1
_
_
-
Public
utilities *
1 0 0 .0
0 .4
_
.6
_
9 8 .8
.2
Percent of plant workers employed in —
Wholesale
trade
Finance * *
Services
(excluding
motion
pictures)
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_
1 .6
.5
5 .1
9 0 .5
>
_
2 .2
_
_
-
-
_
2 .6
1 9 .4
1 1 .4
6 6 .5
_
_
_
_
-
Manu
All
Motion
pictures 3 industries 4 facturing
1 5 .6
_
2 4 .9
1 .3
5 6 .3
_
1 .1
.8
_
-
1 0 0 .0
_
_
1 0 0 .0
_
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
0 .3
.3
.1
2 .5
.1
8 6 .2
1 .1
1 .2
3 .9
3 .9
.4
0 .4
.5
_
3 .8
_
8 3 .3
1 .7
1 .1
5 .7
3 .3
-
Public
utilities *
1 0 0 .0
•
_
_
_
_
91.3
1 .1
3 .0
4 .6
Services
Wholesale (excluding Motion
pictures 3
trade
motion
pictures)
1 0 0 .0
_
_
1 .7
8 8 .6
7 .0
_
2 .7
-
1 0 0 .0
_
2 .0
.8
_
81.4
_
1 .7
1 3 .9
.3
1 0 0 .0
_
-
_
_
95.1
_
_
_
4 .9
■
Data relate to women workers.
Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Limited to establishments primarily engaged in the production of motion pictures (Group 7811) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1949 edition) prepared by the Bureau
of the Budget.
* Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) and real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Less than 0.05 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1
3
Table B-3: Paid Holidays1
Number of paid holidays
All workers
Workers in establishments providing
paid holidays _ ___
_
_
_________
2 days__
4 days ___
_
.„^
..
5 days_______ ______ ______ _________
6 days
.. _
.
.
7 days __
8 days
. ____ . . ,
9 days __________ ____
__
1 0 days
.... .....,
..
..
11 days _
_ _
_
-T^ _ _ _
Workers in establishments providing
no paid holidays _
_
All
industries 2
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Percent of office workers employed in—
Services
Services
Manu
Wholesale (excluding Motion
Public
Manu
All
Public
Wholesale Finance ** (excluding Motion
utilities *
trade
facturing utilities *
motion pictures 3
motion
pictures 3 industries 4 facturing
trade
pictures)
pictures)
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
_
_
_
_
.7
()
5
65.9
11.9
15.0
.7
.6
.1
86.4
10.9
2.0
.2
18.3
3.8
77.5
_
4.3
_
41.3
35.9
18.4
_
_
_
_
_
52.6
2 .1
19.8
1.9
7.6
1.8
_
-
_
3.8
_
-
_
16 .0
()
5
-
“
-
-
.2
100.0
99.5
_
_
_
60.3
25.9
7.7
5.6
_
100.0
100.0
_
100.0
_
-
100.0
92.4
.8
.5
.7
64.8
16.0
9.7
(5
)
_
_
-
7.5
96.9
_
.4
.9
77.4
13.4
4.8
_
_
100.0
87. 1
2 0 .1
8.2
58.8
_
_
_
.5
100.0
3. 1
12.9
100.0
95.0
5.8
41.2
35.8
12.2
-
5.0
100.0
70.5
6.5
2.3
57.3
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
_
-
_
_
2.0
2.0
.6
29.5
■
Estimates include only full-day holidays.
Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Limited to establishments primarily engaged in the production of motion pictures (Group 7811) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1949 edition) prepared by the Bureau
of the Budget.
4 Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) and real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
5 Less than 0.05 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Occupational Wage Survey, Los Angeles, Calif., March 1954
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1
T a b le
Vacation policy
All workers _ _
All
industries 1
B -4 :
P a id V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P r o v is io n s )
F ercent of office workers employed inServices
Public
Wholesale
ManuFinance ** (excluding
facturing
utilities *
trade
motion
pictures)
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Motion
pictures 2
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
All
Manu
industries 3 facturing
1 00.0
Public
utilities *
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
Services
Wholesale (excluding
Motion
trade
motion
pictures 2
pictures)
100.0
100.0
100.0
After 1 year of service
90.7
21.5
1.1
64.6
82.4
12 .0
1.7
91.1
84.8
.6
38.9
2.7
58.3
_
_
_
-
3 3
.
_
9.3
1.7
.1
7.5
.4
7. 1
_
17.6
2 .1
15.5
5.7
_
_
_
8.9
7.8
1 .1
_
-
-
-
-
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.2
61.2
.3
_
99.7
_
_
_
-
23.8
_
76.2
_
_
_
73.8
_
73.8
_
_
_
99. 1
82.7
55.2
1.5
22.3
.9
2.8
-
26.2
(
4)
16.4
.3
4.8
1.5
9.8
-
-
-
.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.1
82.7
21.3
4.2
52.8
26.2
-
79.0
47.7
2.0
24. 1
1.4
4.0
_
21.0
.5
6.7
1.5
12.2
90.7
76.2
1.7
12.9
_
_
_
9.3
_
5. 1
4.2
_
95.0
95.0
66.5
1.7
26.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
5.0
-
93.4
90.8
64.2
_
22.0
_
3.8
.8
2.6
_
_
2.3
.3
6.6
100.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
o
o
o
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations_____________ _______
Length-of-time payment
1 week
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks ________
2 weeks
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks
3 weeks
Over 3 but less than 4 weeks
n -r
i_
.
Percentage payment5 _______________ _
Less than 2 percent _
_
2 percent
__
_ _
Over 2 but less than 4 percent _
4 percent
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations
_
_
_
100.0
-
After 2 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid varations
.
. _.
.
Length-of-time payment______ ________
1 week
___ _
_
_r _
__ _
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks
2 weeks .
.
.
Over 2 but less than 3 Weeks
3 w e e k s ____ _________ ____________
Over 3 but less thp.n 4 weeks
Percentage payment*_____ ___________
Less than 2 percent
2 percent _ _
Over 2 but less than 4 percent_______
____
4 percent
_ _ _
_ _
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations______________________
90.7
3.5
.9
82.4
.5
3.3
9.3
1.0
.1
8.2
82.4
3.8
1.5
68.9
1.2
7.1
_
17.6
.6
17.0
91.1
4.2
.6
86.3
_
_
_
8.9
7.8
1.1
-
5. 1
1.9
93.0
_
_
_
-
_
18.0
.1
81.9
_
_
-
100.0
_
_
-
7 3.8
_
73.8
_
_
26.2
-
-
26.2
1.6
2.8
()
*
16.4
.3
2.8
2 .1
11.1
100.0
79. 0
26.1
5. 1
41.4
2.5
4.0
_
21.0
.5
3.8
2.5
14.2
100.0
90.7
7.2
6.3
77.2
_
_
_
9.3
4.0
4.2
1 .1
95.0
95.0
28.3
4.7
62.0
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.9
-
-
5.0
1 00.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.1
82.7
7.1
3.3
66.7
100.0
100.0
95.0
95.0
9.4
1.7
84.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
93.4
90.8
28.3
1.7
56. 1
_
3.8
.8
2.6
2.3
.3
6.6
100.0
_
_
_
_
_
100.0
_
100.0
-
After 3 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid varations
Length-of-time payment
..
.
.
__
_
1 week
__
____
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks__ ______
2 weeks
Over 2 but less than 3 w e e k s ______ _
3 w e e k s _________ __ __________ ___
Over 3 but less than 4 weeks
Percentage payment 5
Less than 2 percent
2 percent
__
_
_ „ _ _
Over 2 but less than 4 percent_______
4 percent ____
___
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations
..... . 1 __
L
90.7
82.4
1.2
1.8
.
7
83. 1
.4
5.3
_
9.3
-
1.4
68.9
.8
8.5
**
.8
9.5
_
17.6
17.6
■
91.1
_
.6
90.5
_
_
_
8.9
_
8.9
_
-
1.4
_
98.6
_
_
_
_
-
_
■
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
_
_
96.5
_
3.5
_
_
-
3.3
_
96.7
_
_
_
_
_
-
7 3.8
_
_
73.8
_
_
26.2
26.2
79.0
8.3
4. 1
59.4
1.0
1.6
4.5
(
4)
16.4
.3
5.7
_
1.6
2.4
12.0
.9
21.0
.5
2.4
2.5
15.5
-
90.7
4.2
6.3
80.2
_
_
_
9.3
,
8.2
1.1
"
93.4
90.8
15.7
_
70. 5
_
3.8
.8
2.6
_
_
_
2.3
.3
5.0
6 .6
Occupational Wage Survey, Los Angeles, Calif. , March 1954
u *s* D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
100.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
100.0
_
_
_
100.0
-
80
T a b le
Vacation policy
All workers
_
All
industries 1
B -4 :
P a id V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P ro v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d
Percent of office workers employed in—
Services
Wholesale Finance ** (excluding
Manu
Public
trade
utilities *
motion
facturing
pictures)
All
Motion
pictures 2 industries 3
1 00.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
1 00.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Services
Manu
Public
Wholesale (excluding Motion
pictures 2
utilities *
motion
facturing
trade
pictures)
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
After 5 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations
_
..
_
Length-of-time payment _______________
______
1 week ___________ __ __ _ __.
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks _______ _
2 w e e k s _____ ____ _
_
_______________
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks
3 weeks _ _
Over 3 but less than 4 w e e k s ________
4 weeks and over
Percentage payment 5 _________________
Less than 2 percent
2 percent
_ _ _____
_ _
Over 2 but less than 4 percent _ _
_
4 percent
Over 4 but less than 6 percent _ _
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations
90.7
80.9
82.4
.1
.4
69. 1
2.2
1.1
.2
.2
7.2
_
_
9.3
11.7
_
_
17.6
9-1.1
i_
90.5
.6
_
_
8.9
-
-
-
-
-
8.9
_
_
.8
8.5
_
-
17.6
_
~
.4
_
94.2
2.7
2.7
_
_
_
~
90.8
5.7
3.5
_
_
2.4
85.7
_
11.9
_
_
-
-
_
_
_
_
73.8
_
73.8
_
_
_
_
26.2
-
26.2
_
99.1
82.7
2.8
.8
70. 1
1.5
7.3
(4)
(4)
16.4
.3
(
4)
.9
14.2
1.0
79.0
2.5
1.0
63.4
2 .1
10.0
_
-
90.7
4.2
84.8
1.7
_
_
9.3
-
88.0
1.7
.9
_
_
93.4
90.8
10.8
73.5
_
5.0
.5
18.9
1.5
8.2
1.1
-
'
100.0
_
2.3
.3
_
100.0
-
_
_
6.6
100.0
100.0
_
'
*
100.0
-
.8
.8
2.6
5.0
21.0
.9
~
95.0
95.0
2.7
1.7
After 10 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations
Length-of-time payment _
__ _ _ _
1 week ___________ __________ _____
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks ____ . .
. __
2 weeks
_ _ _ _
_
_ _
_
_ _
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks____ ___
3 weeks ______ ________ ___ ________
Over 3 but less than 4 w e e k s ________
4 weeks and over_____ ______ ______
Percentage payment 5
Less than 2 percent
^ _
2 percent
_
Over 2 but less than 4 percent_______
4 percent ________________________
Over 4 but less than 6 percent _
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations _
_
__
1 00.0
90.7
.2
_
69.7
2.8
17.9
(4)
9.3
.8
8.5
_
100.0
82.4
.1
_
57.4
.3
24.5
.1
_
17.6
-
17.6
_
100.0
91.1
_
_
89.3
1.0
.8
_
_
8.9
8.9
_
_
1 00.0
1 00.0
.4
_
78.4
2.7
18.5
_
_
_
_
See footnotes at end o f table.
* Transportation (excluding railroad s), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
100.0
1 00.0
75.9
9.7
14.3
_
_
_
_
_
100.0
100.0
2.4
80.8
_
16.8
_
_
_
_
100.0
73.8
73.8
_
_
_
26.2
26.2
_
99.1
82.7
2.8
.1
62.5
1.1
15.9
.1
.2
16.4
.3
(
4)
.9
14.2
1.0
.9
79.0
2.5
55. 1
.4
20.9
.1
21.0
.5
18.9
1.5
90.7
4.2
75.7
7.8
3.0
_
9.3
8.2
1.1
_
95.0
95.0
2.7
1.7
60.5
1.7
28.5
_
_
5.0
93.4
90.8
10.8
_
73.5
_
3. 1
.8
2.7
2.6
_
_
2.3
.3
_
6 .6
100.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
100.0
_
100.0
_
Table B-4: Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)- Continued
Percent of office workers employed in—
Vacation policy
All workers
_
_
All
industries 1
Manu
facturing
Services
Public
Whole sale
Finance ** (excluding
utilities *
trade
motion
pictures)
All
Motion
pictures 2 industries 3
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Services
Manu
Public
Wholesale (excluding
facturing utilities *
trade
motion
pictures)
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
1 00.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.1
82.7
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
Motion
pictures 2
1 00.0
After 15 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations___ «
_____ _________ ___—
Length-of-time payment.. _
,
,
r
1 week _
2 weeks
. _
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks
3 weeks
Over 3 but less than 4 weeks
4 weeks and over
Percentage payment 5 ________________
Less than 2 percent
2 percent —
_
Over 2 but less than 4 per rent _
4 percent
Over 4 but less than 6 percent
6 per rent and over
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations
_
—
— _ _
_
90.7
.2
38.8
1.2
46.3
3.3
.8
9.3
.8
.6
7.9
82.4
.1
29.7
.3
45. 1
7.2
17.6
-
.6
17.0
91.1
13.7
.6
76.9
_
_
8.9
8.9
-
.4
39.8
59.7
-
-
55.8
4.0
36.7
3.5
-
2.4
52.5
45. 1
_
-
-
73.8
-
73.8
_
•_
26.2
26.2
-
2.8
38.0
.8
38.2
2.7
.2
16.4
.3
(
4)
.9
4.2
1.0
9.9
79.0
2.5
30.4
.4
41.6
4. 1
_
21.0
.5
3.4
1.5
15.5
95.0
95.0
2.7
32.7
93.4
90.8
10 .2
.8
-
59.7
_
_
_
_
-
6 .6
90.7
4.2
1 0 .1
6.3
70. 1
_
9.3
-
8.2
1.1
.9
~
~
5.0
99.1
82.7
100.0
1 00.0
95.0
95.0
2.7
31.1
_
58.8
_
2.4
-
10.8
6 6 .4
_
2.7
2.6
_
_
2.3
_
_
.3
'
1 00.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
100.0
_
_
_
100.0
_
_
-
After 20 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations — _ _
_
-_
_ — _ _
_
Length-of-time payment_______________
1 week —
— __ ____ _
_
_
2 weeks
____
_ _ _ ___ ____
_
_
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks_________
3 weeks - - - - — Over 3 but less than 4 weeks___- ---4 weeks and over
Percentage payment5 _
_ — - .
Less than 2 percent _
2 percent _ _
__
— - _
_
Over 2 hut less than 4 perrent
4 perrent
.
Over 4 but less than 6 perrent
6 perrent and over ..
.
.
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations
100.0
90.7
.2
27.0
.2
55.8
3.3
4. 1
9.3
.8
.6
100.0
82.4
.1
28.5
.3
46.3
7.2
17.6
-
.6
100.0
91.1
4.8
.6
85.7
-
8.9
8.9
100.0
100.0
.4
35.9
-
63.2
-
.5
-
14.4
-
69.0
-
16.6
-
100.0
100.0
2.4
52.5
-
100.0
73.8
-
73.8
-
45. 1
_
-
-
-
-
-
26.2
26.2
2.8
36.6
.8
38.9
2.7
.9
16.4
.3
(
4)
.9
4.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1 .0
7.9
17.0
-
-
-
-
-
9.9
See footnotes at end o f table.
* T ransportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), communication, and other public u tilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
100.0
100.0
.9
79.0
2.5
29.9
.4
42.0
4. 1
_
21.0
.5
3.4
1.5
15.5
90.7
4.2
2.3
6.3
77.9
_
_
9.3
8.2
1.1
-
-
_
_
5.0
93.4
90.8
10.8
66.4
_
10.2
.8
2.7
100.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
2.6
100.0
_
_
100.0
_
_
2.3
.3
6.6
_
_
_
_
_
T a b le
Vacation Policy
All workers _ _
___
_
All
industries 1
_
_
B -4 :
P a id V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P r o v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d
Percent of o f c s workers employed in—
fie,
Services
Manu
Wholesale Finance ** (excluding
Public
facturing u ilities *
motion
t
trade
pictures)
All
Motion
pictures 2 industries 3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
1 00.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Services
ManuPublic
Wholesale (excluding
facturing utilities *
motion
trade
pictures)
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
Motion
pictures 2
100.0
After 25 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations .
.....
Length-of-time payment_________ ____ _
1 week
_
_
_
_
2 weeks
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks_________
_
3 weeks ____________ ; ____________
Over 3 but less than 4 weeks_________
4 weeks and over
Percentage payment5
Less than 2 percent
2 percent ____ _ _ _ _ _ _____ _
_
_ _ _
Over 2 but less than 4 percent
4 percent ___________ _______ ___ __
Over 4 but less than 6 percent _______
6 percent and over _
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations______________________
90.7
.2
25.9
.2
49.2
3.3
11.8
9.3
.8
82.4
.1
28. 1
.3
41.7
7.2
4.9
17.6
_
.6
.6
_
7.9
17.0
91.1
_
4.8
.6
76.9
_
8 .8
8.9
_
8.9
_
-
.4
32.9
_
51.0
_
15.7
-
_
12.0
_
64.7
_
23.3
-
2.4
52.5
_
29.2
_
15.9
-
73.8
73.8
_
_
_
26.2
-
26.2
-
99. 1
82.7
2.8
35.9
.8
35.2
2.7
5.2
16.4
.3
( 4)
.9
4 .2
1.0
9.9
.9
79.0
2.5
29.9
.4
38.1
4. 1
3.9
21.0
.5
-
3.4
1.5
15.5
90.7
4.2
2.3
6.3
70. 1
7.8
9.3
8.2
1.1
-
95.0
95.0
2.7
26.4
_
56.9
_
9.0
-
5.0
93.4
90.8
10.8
66.4
1 0.0
.8
2.9
100.0
_
_
_
-
2.6
100.0
-
-
2.3
.3
-
100.0
-
6.6
Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Limited to establishments primarily engaged in the production of motion pictures (Group 7811) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1949 edition) prepared by the Bureau
of the Budget.
3 Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) and real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
1
2
4 L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t.
5 P e r c e n t of annual e a r n in g s .
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
**Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Table B-5: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
Percent of office workers employed in —
Type of plan
A ll workers
_
_ ------
All
Manu
industries 1 facturing
__
W orkers in establishments providing:
Life insurance
Accidental death and dism em berm ent
insurance
..............
Sickness and accident insurance
Sick leave (full pay and no waiting
___ .. _
period)
. _
Sick leave (partial pay or waiting
period) —
Hospitalization in su ra n ce ___ ___ ____ ______—
Surgical insurance
M edical insurance
Catastrophe in su ra n c e ___ ______ ____________
Retirement pension _ .....
___
Health, insurance, or pension plan
not listed above
No health, insurance, or pension
plan
._
.
_. _
_
100.0
100.0
Percent of plant workers employed in —
10 0 .0
W holesale
trade
Finance **
100.0
Public
utilities *
Services
(excluding
motion
pictures)
1 0 0.0
1 0 0.0
A ll
Motion
Mariupictures 2 industries 3 factur ing
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0.0
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Services
(excluding
motion
pictures)
Motion
pictures 2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9 6 .4
9 8 .1
9 9 .4
9 2 .9
9 7 .4
8 4 .2
9 7 .8
9 1 .6
9 3 .6
100.0
8 2 .5
7 5. 1
100.0
5 9 .6
3 4 .3
7 9 .9
4 9 .5
2 6 .4
1 9.8
4 3 .8
3 2 .2
4 4 .7
2 0 .3
4 9 .9
2 0 .6
6 2 .3
2 0 .2
59. 1
3 6 .3
7 0 .9
4 2 .3
32 .7
2 4 .7
3 8 .4
36 .7
3 9 .2
2 4 .9
8 3 .9
2 5 .3
6 3 .3
7 0 .3
7 8 .7
5 3 .2
5 1 .4
5 0 .6
100.0
3 7 .0
3 8 .0
6 5 .8
2 8 .5
12.5
3 8 .5
3 .5
8 5 .7
8 5 .6
6 5 .7
7 .7
6 4 .5
2 .1
9 7 .8
9 7 .6
8 5 .3
8 .1
5 1 .8
8 .8
4 2 .7
4 2 .7
4 0 .8
2 .4
8 4 .9
2 .3
8 1 .0
8 1 .0
5 5 .6
2 .0
6 9 .7
.9
8 8 .0
8 8 .0
4 9 .5
10.1
8 5 .6
6 3 .9
6 3 .9
4 7 .9
4 8 .0
4 8 .0
2 4 .4
1 3 .5
4 5 .6
7 .4
8 8 .0
8 6 .9
7 3 .9
3 .6
4 2 .7
2 .8
9 4 .6
9 4 .3
8 0 .3
3 .7
4 3 .2
8 .9
5 1 .5
5 1 .5
4 6 .3
2 .5
7 4 .9
12. 1
8 4 .3
84. 3
6 7 .7
7 .2
7 6 .0
7 3 .5
51. 1
1.8
19.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.2
4 6 .5
4 .0
4 .6
9 .0
2 .0
4 .8
2 .4
.3
1 .4
.8
.6
2 .2
6 .9
13.4
•
5 7 .0
•
.4
1 .8
3. 1
3 .2
6. 1
2 .6
1.7
4 9 .7
* Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Lim ited to establishments prim arily engaged in the production of motion pictures (Group 7811) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1949 edition) prepared by the Bureau
of the Budget.
3 Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) and real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Occupational Wage Survey, Los Angeles, C a lif., March 1954
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
84
Table B-6: Overtime Pay Practices
P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in
Overtime policy
All workers __
_
A ll
Manu
industries 1 facturing
__
_
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in —
Services
Finance ** (excluding
motion
pictures)
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
80. 1
7 2 .8
2 .1
7 0 .7
8 5 .8
8 5 .3
1 .4
8 3 .8
_
9 6 .2
9 3 .2
_
9 3 .2
-
8 9 .0
8 4 .7
2 .7
8 1 .9
6 7 .6
4 6 .9
4 .2
4 2 .7
20 .7
5 5 .7
2 5 .3
2 5 .3
A ll
Motion
Manu
pictures 2 industries 3 facturing
100.0
Public
utilities *
Services
Wholesale (excluding
trade
motion
pictures)
Motion
pictur e s 2
100.0
100.0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0.0
1 0 0.0
9 6 .0
9 1 .2
2 .3
8 8 .5
.4
.7
4 .0
9 7 .0
9 1 .2
3 .0
8 8 .2
9 3 .6
9 3 .6
1.7
9 2 .0
_
_
-
8 1 .4
7 5 .5
3 .7
7 1 .9
1 0 0.0
1 0 0.0
_
10 0 .0
.9
4 .9
9 8 .9
9 7 .3
_
9 2 .8
4 .6
_
1 .5
_
5 .9
_
■
Daily overtime
workers in establishments providing
premium pay _
Time and one-half
Effective after less than 8 hours —,_r—
T
Effective after 8 h o u r s __ ___________ _
Effective after m ore than 8 h o u r s _____
Double t i m e _________________________________
___ __ _____
O ther4
_____ „ __ _____ __
Workers in establishments providing
no premium pay or having no p o lic y _______
-
-
-
-
-
7 .3
.5
3 .0
19.9
14.2
3 .8
11.0
3 2 .4
4 4 .3
100.0
4 .0
3 .0
1.1
6 .4
1 8.6
9 7 .3
8 4 .4
3 .0
8 1 .3
(5)
9 9 .1
9 9 .1
1 .4
9 7 .7
99 .1
9 8 .6
_
9 8 .6
9 9 .8
9 4 .2
2 .7
9 1 .5
9 7 .5
5 2 .6
6 .7
4 6 .0
7 6 .2
*0.9
5 .6
3 4 .3
1 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9 7 .9
9 6 .0
2 .2
9 2 .5
1.3
.6
.2
1.0
9 8 .5
9 6 .4
3 .0
9 2 .9
.4
.9
9 4 .7
9 4 .7
_
90. 1
4 .6
1 0 0.0
1 0 0 .0
1.7
9 8 .3
9 4 .8
8 7 .1
2 .5
7 5 .5
9 .0
1 .2
_
_
-
2. 1
1 .5
5 .3
-
-
I
4 .4
-
3 0 .3
-
Weekly overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium pay _________________________________
Time and one-half
Effective after less than 40 h o u r s _____
Effective after 40 h o u r s ________________
Effective after m ore than 40 h o u rs____
Double t i m e ____ __
_
__ _ _
Double time and o n e -h a lf __________________
Other 4 ________ _____ _________ _____ ___ __ _____
Workers in establishments providing
no premium pay or having no p o lic y _______
_
-
1 2.9
_
_
-
.6
5 .6
4 4 .9
3 5 .3
2 .7
.9
.9
.2
2 .5
2 3 .8
_
-
-
-
-
_
-
10 0 .0
1 0 0.0
_
100.0
-
_
3. 1
4 .6
_
_
5 .2
1 In c lu d e s d a ta f o r r e t a i l t r a d e ( e x c e p t d e p a r t m e n t s t o r e s ) in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
2 L i m it e d t o e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in th e p r o d u c t i o n o f m o t io n p i c t u r e s ( G r o u p 7 8 1 1 ) a s d e f in e d in th e S ta n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l (1 9 4 9 e d i t io n ) p r e p a r e d b y th e B u r e a u
o f th e B u d g e t .
3 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r r e t a i l t r a d e ( e x c e p t d e p a r t m e n t s t o r e s ) a n d r e a l e s t a t e in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e l y .
4 I n c lu d e s p r o v i s i o n s f o r a s p e c i f i e d n u m b e r o f o v e r t i m e h o u r s a t e it h e r ( l ) n o p a y , (2 ) r e g u l a r r a t e , o r (3 ) a p r e m iu m r a t e ; an d p r e m iu m p a y a t a n o t h e r r a t e t h e r e a f t e r .
5 L e s s than 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .
* T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .
'O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S u r v e y , L o s A n g e l e s , C a l i f . , M a r c h 1954
* * F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e .
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
Table B-7: Rate of Pay for Holiday Work
P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in
P a y p r o v is io n s
A ll w o rk e rs
A ll
M anui n d u s t r ie s 1 f a c t u r in g
P u b li c
u t ilit ie s *
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in —
S e r v ic e s
( e x c lu d in g
F in a n c e * *
m o t io n
p ic tu re s )
A ll
M o t io n
p i c t u r e s 3 i n d u s t r ie s 2
M anuf a c t u r in g
P u b lic
u t ilit ie s *
S e r v ic e s
W h o le s a le (e x c lu d in g
m o t io n
tra d e
p ic tu re s )
M o t io n
p ic tu re s 3
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s w it h p a y
p r o v i s i o n s f o r w o r k o n p a id h o l id a y s 4 ______
7 5 .4
9 2 .4
9 7 .6
6 8 .0
4 1 .7
4 6 .6
1 0 0 .0
8 8 .4
9 5 .2
8 7 .1
8 7 .6
6 1 .8
1 0 0 .0
R e g u la r r a t e o n l y ______________________________
T i m e a n d o n e - h a l f _____________________________
D o u b le t im e
D o u b le t i m e a n d o n e - h a l f
T r i p l e t im e
_
E q u a l t im e o f f
O th e r p la n
. 1
4 .4
5 7 .4
1 0 .7
.8
1 .8
.2
1 .0
8 7 .2
2 .7
1 .4
_
1 6 .2
5 9 .7
2 1 .7
_
3 .8
1 6 .5
1 7 .8
•3.5
1 .1
3 .2
1 5 .3
2 1 .0
_
5 /9
1 0 0 .0
_
-
2 .5
62. 1
1 7 .0
6 .6
. 1
1 .8
7 3 .7
1 1 .5
8 .2
-
7 2 .9
1 4 .2
_
_
1 0 0 .0
-
5 .9
5 7 .4
1 8 .6
4 .2
.6
.9
1 2 .2
2 2 .2
1 9 .7
7 .7
_
-
1 2 .1
3 7 .0
9 .3
7 .3
2 .3
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s w it h n o
fo r m a l p o lic y
2 4 .6
7 .6
2 .4
3 2 .0
5 8 .3
7 .4
8 .7
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s w it h n o
p a id h o l id a y s
__ _ _
_ _
( 5)
5 .0
2 9 .5
-
-
5 2 .9
.5
.
.
-
«
-
-
4. 1
1 .6
7 .5
3 .1
-
1 2 .9
-
_
_
_
-
1 Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) and real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Lim ited to establishments prim arily engaged in the production of motion pictures (Group 7811) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1949 edition) prepared by the Bureau
of the Budget.
4 Includes holiday pay and rate for work on paid holiday.
Occupational Wage Survey, Los Angeles, C a lif., March 1954
5 L e ss than 0 .0 5 percent.
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Bureau of Labor Statistics
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
86
Table B-8: Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
Percent of office workers employed in —
Item
A il
i n d u s t r ie s 1
M anufa c t u r ing
P u b li c
u t i li t ie s *
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
F in a n c e * *
I
S e r v ic e s
( e x c lu d in g
m o t io n
p ic tu re s )
Percent of plant workers employed in —
A ll
M o t io n
p i c t u r e s 3 i n d u s t r ie s 2
M anu
fa c tu rin g
P u b lic
u t ilit ie s *
S e r v ic e s
W h o l e s a le ( e x c lu d in g
m o t io n
tra d e
p ic tu re s )
M o t io n
p ic tu re s 3
W AG E S T R U C T U R E F O R T IM E -R A T E D
W ORKERS4
A ll w o r k e r s
_
.
________
______
F o r m a l r a t e s t r u c t u r e ____________________________
S in g le r a t e
_
.... ..
Range o f ra tes
In d iv id u a l r a t e s
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
10 j
0
100
81
1
80
19
86
_
86
14
94
1
93
6
70
5
65
30
79
_
55
10
45
45
100
_
100
98
44
55
2
98
37
61
2
100
31
69
98
67
31
2
95
83
12
5
100
100
-
100
100
79
21
“
~
M E T H O D O F W AGE P A Y M E N T F O R
P L A N T W ORKERS
A ll w o rk e rs
_
.
... _ .
NOT
C O LL E C TE D
100
100
100
100
88
12
5
4
2
D ATA
T im e w o r k e r s
_ ................... .
I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s
P ie c e w o r k
- ______ ________ ________ ___ _______ __
B onus w o rk
C o m m i s s io n
_
_
___ _____
86
14
8
6
(6)
92
8
2
5
94
6
3
1
2
92
8
1
4
3
100
-
79
76
98
76
78
100
-
“
L A B O R -M A N A G E M E N T A G R E E M E N T S 5
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s w it h a g r e e m e n t s
c o v e r in g a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s _______
24
28
83
11
17
100
1 Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Includes data for retail trade (except department stores) and real estate, in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Limited to establishments prim arily engaged in the production of motion pictures (Group 7811) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1949 edition) prepared by the Bureau
of the Budget.
4 Estimates for office workers are based on total office employment, whereas estim ates for plant workers are based on tim e-rated employees only.
5 Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category.
The estim ates so
obtained are not necessarily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by provisions of labor-management agreements due to the exclusion of sm aller size establish
ments .
6 L ess than 0 .5 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Occupational Wage Survey, Los A ngeles, C a lif., M arch 1954
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
U .S . D EPARTM ENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
M I L W A U K E E ,
A
p lo y e d
h ig h e r
in
r o p o lita n
m en t
a r e a s .
to
w e ll
e s p e c ia lly
tio n
p r o p o r t io n
m a n u fa c t u r in g
D u r a b le
o v e r
m a c h in e r y ;
fo r
in d u s t r ia l
fa b r ic a t e d
m e ta l
a s
cou n t
ir o n
fo r
t r ie s ,
s te e l
s u b s ta n tia l
e m p lo y
e m p lo y m e n t.
w o r k e r s
a ls o
u c ts ,
p a p e r
s ig n ific a n t
h a v e
an d
jo b s
in
r e la te d
as
A m o n g
p r o d u c tio n
a p p a ra tu s
an d
an d
o th e r
in d u s tr ie s ,
a ls o
g o o d s
a c
in d u s
m a lt
n u m b e rs
a n d le a th e r
k n it
of
A p r il
r o u tin e
jo b s
file
S in c e
th e
s a la r ie s
fr o m
m e n ts
e m p lo y in g
e s tim a te d
e r s
y e a r 1s
in
an n u al
a b ou t
stu d y
1 5 0 ,0 0 0
7 2 7 e s ta b lis h m e n ts
6
m a jo r
in d u s tr y
p re s e n ts
d a ta
w o r k e r s — s e le c te d
e m p lo y in g
180
to
(S e e
ta b le
e s ta b lis h
r e p r e s e n t
an
w o rk
fo llo w in g .)
$ 2 . 4 5
m e c h a n ic ^
o f
$ 2 . 30
w a u k ee
ra te s
w o rk e rs
m a l
on
ra te
e a ch
t im e
d id
to
m is s io n ,
3
fo r
on
a
fo u r th s
o th e r
w e re
fo r
o f
a
th e
c a s e s
6 p a id
ra te
o ffic e
o f
in
on
3
N in e
an
2
w ith
r a te s ;
w o r k e r s
w o r k e r s
p ie c e
in c e n t iv e
w e re
o f
th e
w e re
a p p ly in g
h a v in g
o f
10
fo r
ra te s
fo r
w o rk e rs
r e p r e s e n te d
an d
1 on
W o r k e r s
o ffic e
w it h
p a id
t im e
e v e r y
in
c o m
on
c o m
in d u s tr ie s .
to
su ch
M il
p a id
p la n t
ra te s ,
b a s is .
th e
o f
ra n g e
e s t a b lis h m e n ts
h ad
w e re
a
w o rk e rs
on
n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
s tr u c tu re s
in
e s t a b lis h m e n t s
p r o p o r tio n
I n c e n tiv e
in
g ro u p s,
s tru ctu re s
b o n u s ,
s u rv e y e d
b a s is .
in c e n t iv e
h ig h e r
p la n s .
ra n g e
o ffic e
w o rk e rs
e m p lo y e d
s lig h tly
e m p lo y e d
F o r m a liz e d
p r o v id e d
an
p r o d u c tio n
e v e r y
w e re
on
F o r m a l
s in g le -r a t e
o f
(n o n o ffic e )
e s ta b lis h m e n t-s iz e
p a id
ra te s
a p p lie d
r a tio
m is s io n
an d
w e re
s tr u c tu r e s .
jo b
th a n
th e
2
5 p la n t
s y s te m s ,
in d iv id u a l
jo b s
an d
a m on g
s k ille d
w a tch m en
h a n d lin g
to
E s t a b lis h m e n t s
o r
180
to
in
19
w e re
jo b s
s tu d ie d ,
o f
o f
th e
to
g ra d e s
w e re
6
to
12
25
O ffic e
o f w h ic h
p la n t
an d
e s ta b lis h e d
fo r
o ffic e
fo r
in
28
th e s e ,
m a n u fa c tu r in g
b o th
fo rm a l
w a ge
c la s s ify in g
m a in ly
m e ta lw o r k in g .
a p p lie d
fr o m
a n d ,
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
10
w it h
s y s t e m a t ic a lly
g ra d e s
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
p la n t
c h ie fly
In
fo r
la b o r
tra d e s
ja n itr e s s e s
le v e ls
t h r e e -
n e a r ly
a ll
h ad
in
w e re
w e re
in
jo b s .
p la n t jo b s
jo b s .
c la s s ifie d
in to
th a n
fr o m
ste p s
th e
a p p ly in g
in d u s tr ie s ,
1953,
o ffic e
23
S a la r y
w e re
fr o m
$ 4
in d u s t r ie s .
a v e ra g e
jo b s
and
th e
h ad
w e e k ly
in c r e a s e s
of
s in c e
th e
A p r il
n a n ce
ce n ts
fo r
le s s
14
oth er
th a n
5
ce n ts
p e r io d ic
an
m o s t
an d
180
to
e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
11
p la n t
g ra d e s
w o rk e rs
w e re
in
p u b lic
u t ilitie s
liv in g
a d ju s tm e n ts ,
ity )
an d
to
o ffic e
in
o u tle ts
an d
e s t a b lis h m e n t s
w a g e
in
21
to
in
an
fo r
p la n t
s tu d ie d ,
and
e a r n in g s
fo r
m a in te
a rou n d
le v e ls
22
S u ch
and
10
in c r e a s e d
and
fr o m
h ad
9
to
to
to
o ffic e
c o s t -o f-liv in g
fo r
im p r o v e m e n t
in
n u m b e r.
fo r
a p
w o rk e rs
m e ta lw o r k in g ,
p r o v is io n s
an n u al
p r o v is io n s
p r o v is io n s
r e p o r t in g
p r in c ip a lly
e x ce p t
m a n u fa c tu r in g
in
A d ju s t m e n t s
w o rk e rs
eq u a l
in d u s tr ie s
a v e ra g e d
jo b s .
a d ju s tm e n ts .
a d d itio n
fo r
L a b o r e rs
and
w a tch m en ,
e s t a b lis h m e n t s
In
$ 1 . 3 2
$ 1 . 3 4
h ou r
P a y
e s ta b lis h m e n ts ,
p r o v is io n s
a p p lie d
o f
tr a d e s .
ja n ito r s
an
th e
c u s to d ia l a n d
g ro u p ,
m a k e rs ,
in
H e lp e r s
fr o m
a v e ra g e d
ce n ts
Im p ro v e m e n t
M o st
e m p lo y e e s
19
and
$ 2 . 20
in c lu d e d
In c r e a s e s
to o l-a n d -d ie
m a n u fa c tu r in g ,
m a n u fa c t u r in g
w h o le s a le
to
fr o m
tru ck s .
th is
m a t e r ia l-m o v e m e n t
in d u s tr ie s .
a d ju s tm e n ts
w e re
fo r
in
to
fo r m a in te -
h o u r.
A m on g
tr a ile r
m a in
ca rp e n te rs
an
ra n g e d
h o u r.
m a in te n a n c e
th e
h o u r.
m e n
16
fo r
tra d e s
s h ip m e n t
an
s k ille d
m e c h a n ic s
ra n g ed
$ 2 . 4 1
c a te g o r y
fo r
19
fo r
c o s t -o f-liv in g
p lie d
an
o f
th e
$ 2 .
18
T h e y
h e a v y
a m ou n ted
A n n u al
th e
jo b
$ 1 .
h ou r
o f
o f
g o o d s
ce n ts
s k ille d
A m o n g
fo r
17
ce n ts
fo r
la r g e s t
1953
m a c h in is ts ,
$ 2 .
a v e ra g e d
le v e ls
d r iv e r s
c le a n e r s )
w e re
m a in te n a n c e
$ 1 . 7 3
p a y
fo r
a u t o m o t iv e
t o o lr o o m s .
m a c h in is t s
p a c k in g
fo r
A v e ra g e s
a d d itio n a l
fo r
e a r n in g s
15
and
c o s t -o f-
(p r o d u c tiv
se v e n
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
T h e se
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
tw o
th a t w e r e
se p a ra te
e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
in d u s tr ie s .
la b o r -g r a d e
T y p ic a lly ,
p r o
O f
la b o r
m a n u fa c tu r in g
(o th e r
ra te
s y s te m s
m a n u fa c tu r in g
e s t a b lis h m e n t s ,
o ffic e
to
in d u s tr ie s .
la b o r -g r a d e
w e re
in c lu d e d
a c c o r d in g
m a n u fa c tu r in g
jo b s
12
jo b s
th a t
p a id a m o n g
s tu d ie d
A p r il
a u to m o tiv e );
in
a v e ra g e d
in
ra te s .
p la n s
(o r
th a n
jo b s ,
$ 2 . 3 2
W om en
p r o v is io n s
v is io n s
fiv e
m a te r ia l,
$ 1 . 7 4 .
g e n e r a lly
in
g ir ls
r e s p e c tiv e ly .
jo b s
th e
$ 2 .
m a k e r s .
to o ls
M a in te n a n c e
C o s t - o f-L iv in g
n e a r ly
in
o f
c le r ic a l
O ffic e
n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
h o u r ly
fr o m
(o th e r
m a c h in e
m a te r ia l-m o v e m e n t
in d u s tr ie s
an d
th e
a v e ra g e
ra n g e d
to o l-a n d -d ie
o p e r a to r s
to
e v e r y
s u r v e y
s te n o g
r e s p e c tiv e ly ,
w o m e n s
lo w e s t
$ 4 5 ,
o ffic e
in
23
w e e k .
th e
g e n e ra l
$ 5 5 ,
$ 4 ,
tra d e s
fo r
n a n ce
to
S tru ctu re
F o r
a
an d
th a n
p r o p o r t io n
S tr a ig h t-tim e
s u rv e y .
W a g e
la r g e
to
$ 1 . 5 0
$ 4 2 . 50
B u re a u
a
w e re
w o m e n s
o f th e
$ 5 5
and
an d
p r o d
a p p r o x im a t e ly 2 3 0 ,0 0 0
g r o u p in g s .
th e
$71
12
to
jo b s
m a n u fa c tu r in g
p r e v io u s
fo r
g o o d s .
fr o m
o f
in
fo r
$ 5 0
w h o se
s e c r e ta r ie s
a v e ra g e d
s a la r ie s
fr o m
a v e ra g e d
m o s t
h ig h e r
w o m e n
a r e a
A v e ra g e
ra n g e d
c le r k s ,
fo r
$ 8
o f
M ilw a u k e e
s u rv e y e d ,
le v e ls
to
th e
s u rv e y e d
ten a n ce
T h is
L e v e ls
s a la r ie s
1954.
jo b s
L a rg e
an d
in
in
p a r tic u la r ly
o f le a th e r
ra p h e rs
in d u s t r ia l
n o n d u r a b le
a p p a r e l,
a re
c o n s tr u c
fo u n d r ie s ,
P a y
W e e k ly
e m p lo y
an d
e q u ip m e n t;
o f w o r k e r s .
O c c u p a tio n a l
o th e r
and
p ro d u cts ,
e m
1 9 5 4
m e t
w o r k e r s ,
s w itc h b o a r d
k in d r e d
p r o d u c ts ,
p r o v id e
a g r ic u lt u r a l
n o n fe r r o u s
n u m b e rs
th e
o f
is
la r g e
m e t a l m a n u fa c tu r in g
and
an d
fo r c e
o th e r
w h ic h
t r a n s p o r ta tio n
P r im a r y
fo o d
la b o r
m ost
m e ta lw o r k in g
su ch
fo r g in g s
o f
in
m a n u fa c tu r in g
p r o d u c tio n
c o n t r o ls ;
m a n u fa c tu r e r s
liq u o r s ,
th e
m o to r s ;
p r o d u c ts .
an d
M ilw a u k e e
th a n
in d u s tr ie s ,
o f
m a c h in e r y ,
e le c t r ic a l
su ch
th e
in c lu d in g
e le c t r ic a l
th e
g o o d s
tw o -th ir d s
im p o rta n t
m a c h in e r y ,
o f
in d u s tr ie s
A P R I L
s y s te m s
10
s u p e r v is o r y )
to
L a b o r -M a n a g e m e n t
A g re e m e n ts
15
and
S lig h tly
s u rv e y e d
o v e r
in d u s t r ie s
fp u r -fifth s
an d
o f
th e
p la n t
e s ta b lis h m e n t-s iz e
w o rk e rs
g ro u p s
w e re
w it h in
th e
e m p lo y e d
oo
in
e s t a b lis h m e n t s
m a jo r ity
o f th e ir
ten th s
th e
lic
o f
u tilitie s
w it h
p la n t
th e
w o r k e r s 0
w o r k e r s
c o v e r a g e
n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
m a te ly
la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t
p la n t
w e re
w a s
in d u s tr ie s
In
a g re e m e n ts
m a n u fa c t u r in g
c o v e r e d
v ir tu a lly
c o m b in e d
b y
a g r e e m e n ts .
c o m p le t e ,
th e
c o v e r in g
in d u s tr ie s ,
In
a lth o u g h
p r o p o r tio n
w a s
a
n in e p u b
fo r
a ll
a p p r o x i
th r e e -fifth s .
ta b lis h m e n ts
o ffic e
and
r e g u la r
w a s
ra te
a ls o
w e e k
e m p lo y in g
fo r
le s s
fic e
w o rk e rs
o f th ese
fa c tu r in g
W ork
w e re
r e p o r te d
b y
A
w o r k e r s .
c o v e r in g
p r o p o r tio n
in d u s t r ie s
h ig h e r
as
a
e m p lo y e r s
g rou p
th a n
o f
m a jo r ity
o f
a p p r o x im a t e ly
w a s
in
a
c o v e r e d
in
m a n u fa c t u r in g
a
o f
fift h
n on m a n u
in d u s tr ie s .
t im e
n u m b er
a g re e m e n ts
o f h ou rs
o ffic e
w e re
p a y
m a d e
S c h e d u le s
o f
fo u rth s
40
o f
h ou rs
m o n ly
th e
a
3 7 V2
s c h e d u le s ;
p o r t io n
in
o f
p la n t w o r k e r s
w e e k
in
h o u rs ,
P la n t w o r k e r s
n ot
th e
on
an d
a
in
o f th e
M ilw a u k e e
1954.
S h o rte r
s c h e d u le d
4 0 -h o u r
p r e v a le n t
p la n t
fo r
a
s c h e d u le
an d
on
w e re
w a s
45
g e n e r a lly
h o u rs .
th a n
th r e e -
to
w o rk
m o s t
o ffic e
s c h e d u le s
u tilitie s
and
s c h e d u le d
o f th e
w e re
4 0 -h o u r
p u b lic
w o rk e rs
w o rk w e e k s ,
s ix th
w o rk w e e k
w o rk e rs
in d u s tr ie s
o ffic e
in
tim e
w o rk e d
a fte r
8
on
lo n g e r
T h e
S h ift
b e y o n d
a
s p e c ifie d
to
b oth
o ffic e
n u m b er
an d
h ig h e r
a ll
in d u s
p la n t w o r k e r s
o f w e e k ly
d a y
fo r
in
o ffic e
o f
tim e
a fte r
a fte r
a
s p e c ifie d
fift h
A
d u s tr ie s
h o u rs
in
e s
th is
fift h
w e re
fe w
e x c e p tio n s ,
in
w a s
th e
fo r m
little
p r e m iu m ;
w o r k e r s ,
o f th e
p la n t w o r k e r s
e m p lo y e d
o f
on
th ese
a
an d
to
and
w o r k e r s
o n e -h a lf
d a y .
w o r k e r s
h o w e v e r,
a m o n g
fo r
r a n g in g
a
fr o m
n ig h t
m a n u fa c tu r in g
s h ifts
r e c e iv e d
a d d itio n
a
p r o p o r tio n
to
10
ce n ts
in
p a y
to
A p r il
o f
an
in
Minimum size
establishment
in scope of
study 2
Within
scope of
study
Studied
th e
th e
h o u r
w e re
Office
All divisions---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51
727
180
229,600
149,620
27, 560
Manufacturing
________ _____________________ __ ________ __ __
Nonmanufacturing __
____________________________________________
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication,
and other public utilities ______________________________________
Wholesale trade * _
.
_
_ _
Retail trade *
Finance, insurance, and real estate * ________________________
Services3 * _________ __ ________________________________________
51
51
384
343
92
88
162,300
67,300
fl)7, 680
41, 940
17,490
10, 070
51
51
51
51
51
43
71
126
48
55
16
17
26
14
15
17, 600
7,500
27,400
8,200
6, 600
14, 760
2, 820
16,860
5, 080
2,420
o f
s e c o n d -s h ift
Studied
Total
r a te s .
a m ou n t
Workers
Within
scope of
study
in
1954.
d iffe r e n tia l—
fir s t -s h ift
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
h ig h
5
M ilw a u k e e
o r
c e n ts -p e r -h o u r
u n ifo r m ity
a m ou n ts
in
e v e n in g
Number of establishments
3,340
840
1,640
3,760
490
1 The Milwaukee Metropolitan Area (Milwaukee County).
2 Total establishment employment.
For wage study purposes, all outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and
motion-picture theaters are considered as one establishment.
3 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engi
neering and architectural services.
* This industry division is appropriately represented in estimates for "all industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables although coverage was insuf
ficient to justify separate presentation of data.
p a id
tim e
o f th e se
Establishments and Workers Within Scope of Survey and Number Studied in Milwaukee, W is ., 1 by Major Industry Division, April 1954
Industry division
th e
th r e e -
ra te
t im e
a
o f
p r e m iu m
an d
c o m m o n ly
a s
h o u rs
w o r k
P r o v is io n s
p r e m iu m
a
th e
r a te s —
o v e r tim e
w a s
s u ch
10
r e g u la r
w o r k e r s
th e
w it h
p a y
a
m o s t
p r a c t ic e
th r e e -fifth s
d a ily
in d u s tr ie s
T h is
w o r k e r s .
p la n t
F o r
o n e -h a lf
P r e m iu m
w it h
fo r
a ll
A lth o u g h
p r e m iu m
h ad
w o rk
p la n t
e s t a b lis h m e n t s
d o u b le
th a t
fo r
th e
n e a r ly
m a n u fa c tu r in g
an d
p a id
an d
h o u rs .
w o r k e r s .
in d u s tr ie s
w o r k e r s .
fo r
40
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
w ith
8 h o u rs ,
o f
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
h ou rs
n in e -te n th s
p r o v is io n s
h ou rs
e x c e s s
w o r k e r s .
t im e
p r o
w a s
T h e re
p a id
in
th e se
w a s
O p e r a t io n s
W ith
w e re
and
o ffic e
a fte r
o th e r
u s u a lly
ra te s
th e
in
o n e -h a lf— w e re
p e r
o f
c o m
P a y
P r e m iu m
h a d
fe w
p e r c e n t
p r e m iu m
w o r k e r s .
c o m b in e d .
O v e r tim e
fo r
A p r il
w e re
m o s t
o ffic e
m a n u fa c t u r in g
tr ie s
fo u r -fifth s
a
40
m a n u fa c tu r in g
w o rk e rs
o n e -h a lf
A p p r o x im a te ly
in
95
th e
w o rk e d
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
fo u r th s
p la n t
and
w o rk e rs
in
in
th a n
u s u a lly
L a b o r -m a n a g e m e n t
tim e
fo llo w e d
o f
fu lly
p la n t w o r k e r s ,
p a id .
P a id
y e a r s .
H o lid a y s
A fte r
m a t e ly
V ir t u a lly
th e
p la n t
d a y s
a
y e a r .
o ffic e
an d
g ra n te d
th a n
a
A lth o u g h
6
a
d a y s ,
if w o rk e d ,
fift h s
o f
th e
th e
p r o v id e d
e r s
an d
w e re
o f th e
p a y ),
u n d e r
e ith e r
tw o -fifth s
w it h
ab ou t
and
in
p la n t
to
and
to
a
o r
o r
o f th e
p a id
h ad
15
y e a r s
g r a n tin g
in
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
a
y e a r
2
w e e k ls
y e a r
s o m e
o f
o f
y e a r s
th e
v a c a tio n
w it h
s e r v ic e
in s ta n c e s ,
v a c a tio n
o f
w it h
s e r v ic e ,
w a s
p a y
2
w e re
an d
to
to
o f
abou t
r e c e iv e d
p e r c e n t
o f
o ffic e
a n d p la n t,
p r o v is io n s
p r o p o r t io n s
ty p ic a lly
g ra n te d
s e r v ic e
fo r m a l
b oth
an n ual
p a id
t im e
P la n t
(w ith
.
H e a lt h ,
th e
e a r n in g s ).
o f
o f
th e
th e
o ffic e
p la n t
T w o
a v a ila b le
w o r k e r s .
1
w it h
o r ,
o r
a
in
w e e k s 1 p a id
w o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
and
su ch
w o rk e rs
o ffic e
an d
th e
a fte r
a fte r
to
a ll b u t
L ife
o ffic e
o f
3
20
o r
p la n t
w it h
o f
w o rk e rs
p a y
a fte r
a p p r o x i
3 w e e k s 1 v a
o f th e
m o re
a p p lie d
y e a r s
w ith
g ra n ted
fo u r -fifth s
w e e k s
p r o v is io n s
a fte r
and
P e n s io n
tiv e ly );
an d
N e a r ly
th e
5
t u r in g
th e
o ffic e
w ith
to
a
w o rk
p a y
a fte r
s im ila r
s e r v ic e .
A
p r o
s m a ll
w e re
in
e s ta b lis h m e n ts
y e a r s
25
o f
s e r v ic e .
P la n s
in
th a n
in
w o r k e r s ,
and
and
o f
to
w a s
w o rk e rs
w a s
o ffic e
s ic k
o ffic e
w it h
th e
w e re
4
p e n s io n
c o s t,
p e rce n t
m o s t
p la n s
w as
(7 9
an d
an d
o f th e
p la n t
n in e -te n th s
th e
a
h ig h e r
to
p la n t
p la n s
fo r
o f
r e s p e c
p r e v a le n t
a
g ro u p .
tw o -
w o rk e rs .
th e
th e se
ca ta stro p h e
r e
p r e v
p e r c e n t,
tw o -th ir d s
as
p la n
as
a p p r o x im a te ly
o f
m o r e
in d u s tr ie s
72
to
ten th
m a d e
a lm o s t
a v a ila b le
an d
p la n ,
w a s
co m m o n
w e re
p e n s io n
p la n s
p la n s
n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
a
o r
th e
and
p r o v id e d
to
w o rk e rs
le a v e
o f
a p p r o x im a t e ly
in s u r a n c e
o ffic e
p e n s io n
in s u r a n c e ,
p a rt
s u r g ic a l
e s t a b lis h m e n t s
e x c e p tio n
in s u r a n c e
o f th e
c o m p a r e d
o f th e
a
a v a ila b le
le a v e
as
h e a lth ,
le a s t
a c c id e n t
th a n
s ic k
o ffic e
w e re
at
p e r c e n t
and
o f p la n t
fo u r -fifth s
w o rk e rs
b oth
2
p la n t
h o w e v e r ,
o f
2
e m p lo y e e
in s u r a n c e ,
S ic k n e s s
fifth s
o f
p a y in g
H o s p it a liz a t io n
p r o p o r t io n
W ith
fo r m
e m p lo y e r
e s
A fte r
r e c e iv in g
p a y
th e
w it h
v a c a tio n s
w e e k s 1 v a c a tio n
S om e
w it h
tim e .
e m p lo y e d
w o rk e rs
fo r
In s u ra n ce ,
t im e
w o r k
tr ip le
r e g u la r
w o rk e rs
p la n t
(in
tr ip le
o ffic e
v a c a tio n s .
w o rk e rs
e q u a l.
1 w eek
s e v e n -e ig h ts
n in e -te n th s
fo r
o ffic e
e s t a b lis h m e n t s
an d
th r e e -
w o rk e rs
w e re
s e r v ic e ,
E s t a b lis h m e n t s
p la n t
o f
o f
o ffic e
s e r v ic e ,
th e
4
a le n t.
w o r k e r s ,
o f
o f
p o r te d .
a ll
th e
p a y .
p r o p o r t io n
V a c a tio n s
V ir tu a lly
y e a r s
o f
p r o v is io n s
l e s s
o f
P a id
w ith
e r s
10
s ix th
h o li
M a n u fa c tu r in g
w o rk e rs
c a t io n
p o r tio n
8— w e r e
fu lly
d o u b le
o n e -h a lf
o f b oth
th e se
p la n t
o f
h o li
s lig h tly
on
w it h
p a y
w o r k e r s .
p la n t
7
to
p a y
th e
s ix th
p a id
m a jo r it y
an d
fo r
o f
w a s
t im e
o f
a
e s t a b lis h m e n t s
a p p ly in g
th e
to
w o rk e rs
p r e m iu m
n in e -te n th s
fu ll-d a y
d a y s — u s u a lly
fo u r -fifth s
th ir d
th a n
m o re
P r o v is io n s
d o u b le
o f
a
6
o ffic e
fo r m a liz e d
p r o v is io n s
m o re
o r
p r o v id e d
th a n
w o r k e r s .
c o m m o n
6
w e re
m o r e
w o r k e r s
m o s t
a lm o s t
ta b lis h m e n ts
p la n t
o ffic e
h o lid a y
w a s
fo u r th
th e
and
h ad
d a y s
w o r k e r s ,
o f
w o rk e rs
M ilw a u k e e
o v e r
to
A lth o u g h
o ffic e
in
p la n t
ten th
c lu d in g
a ll
w o r k e r s
a
p la n t
g ro u p s.
in s u r a n c e ,
in
m a n u fa c
90
A :
O c c u p a tio n a l
E a r n in g s
Table A-1: Office Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Milwaukee, W is. , by industry division, April 1954)
Average
S ex, o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
Number
of
workers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
S
S
%
$
$
s
%
$
$
S
$
$
$
S
*
S
$
$
Weekly
Weekly
3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 60.. 00 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0
earnings U nder and
hours
and
$
(Standard) (Standard)
u nd er
3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 o v e r
M en
C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s A
__ __ __
M an u factu rin g
_
_
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g __ _____________ _____ _
417
313
104
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
«
P
8 1 .5 0
8 2 .5 0
7 8 .0 0
C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s B ____________ ___
M an u factu rin g
__ __ _____
117
93
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
6 5 .0 0
6 6 .5 0
C le r k s , o r d e r
M a n u factu rin g _ _
N on m an u factu rin g
143
79
64
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
123
_ __ ____________ __
_
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
_
M a n u fa c t u r in g _____________________________
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
1
1
-
3
2
1
40
18
22
9
7
2
33
21
12
34
27
7
62
46
16
71
51
20
92
84
8
25
25
"
-
-
_
_
_
4
-
_
-
1
-
2
2
4
2
2
2
5
5
20
17
25
14
10
10
4
3
3
3
20
19
2
2
4
4
2
2
4
3
'
-
1
1
7 2 .5 0
7 3 .0 0
7 2 .0 0
_
-
_
.
_
-
_
_
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
9
9
-
10
8
2
8
7
1
10
. 10
15
1
14
7
5
2
8
1
7
8
7
1
16
8
8
31
15
16
4
2
2
13
13
-
_
_
-
4
3
1
_
-
-
-
4 0 .0
6 6 .5 0
_
_
_
_
.
1
21
7
_
21
5
2
1
4
5
6
6
20
9
7
7
17 1
146
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 3 .5 0
4 3 .5 0
1
15
15
17
14
39
37
13
9
10
7
18
10
24
21
17
15
5
5
7
7
5
5
174
115
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
7 5 .0 0
7 6 .5 0
_
_
_
3
_
3
_
_
_
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
1
-
-
-
14
11
11
4
B i l l e r s , m a ch in e (b illin g m a c h in e ) „ ______
M a n u fa c t u r in g ____ __ _______
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ___ ____________________ _
179
94
85
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
5 0 .5 0
5 3 .5 0
4 7 .5 0
_
-
_
-
9
5
4
22
13
9
18
6
12
15
S
10
31
15
16
30
5
25
6
5
1
-
B i l l e r s , m a ch in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e )___
53
4 0 .0
5 6 .5 0
_
_
1
4
2
2
7
4
_
B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s A
________________________
_ _
M a n u fa c t u r in g _______ _____________________
116
70
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
6 1 .5 0
6 4 .0 0
_
_
_
_
_
4
------- --
-
-
-
-
-
2
1
B o o k k e e p in g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s B
_
_
__
M an u factu rin g
__ __ _____ _ ___ _____
N onm an u factu r i n g ________________________
479
2T5
266
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
5 2 .5 0
5 5 .0 0
5 0 .5 0
_
_
-
_
7
_ --------2
5
-
20
3
17
47
2
45
C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s A
__
__ __
M an u factu rin g ___________________________ _
N on m an u factu r i n g --------------------------------------
264
121
143
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
6 4 .5 0
6 7 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
_
-
2
1
1
C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s B
__ __ __ __ 1 ,0 1 5
434
_ ;______ .___
_
n_ ___ —
M an u factu rin g 581
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
5 3 .0 0
5 6 .0 0
5 0 .5 0
5
5
10
10
32
6
.26
61
d
53
60
16
44
146
54
92
C l e r k s , f i l e , c la s s A
____ __
__ __
M a n u fa c t u r in g _____________________________
146
103
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
5 5 .0 0
5 8 .0 0
_
_
_
-
-
-
18
-
1
-
C le r k s , f i l e , c la s s B ________________________
_____
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __ ____________
N on m an u factu r ing
_____ __ _____ __ __
808
456
352
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
4 5 .0 0
4 8 .5 0
4 0 .5 0
17
2
15
96
11
85
85
10
75
128
47
81
120
79
41
82
56
26
C le r k s , o r d e r _______________________________
M a n u factu rin g ______________________________
N on m anufactur i n g _________________________
301
170
131
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
5 1 .0 0
5 1 .0 0
5 1 .5 0
6
9
3
6
24
10
14
37
18
19
13
9
4
45
32
13
C le r k s , p a y r o ll
_______
_____ _
_ _
O ffic e b o y s ______ __
M an u factu rin g
__
_
.
'
_
'
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
'
-
9
8
6
-
20
15
12
8
14
12
12
11
34
20
22
17
8
8
14
7
7
2
1
1
6
6
-
6
6
-
6
8
-
13
13
-
1
1
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
5
4
4
3
_
3
11
_
_
_
_
9
-
1
1
27
-------
2
-
18
IT "
14
13
82
45
39
20
18
2
24
22
2
34
25
9
64
51
13
19
7
12
23
2
21
3
3
-
7
1
6
12
1
11
6
2
4
42
25
19
33
7
26
25
6
19
16
8
8
15
4
11
61
26
35
175
^6
79
90
58
52
100
53
67
58
23
35
71
42
29
54
18
36
28
13
15
11
7
18
16
17
14
15
10
32
31
13
11
2
2
114
111
3
56
40
16
16
12
4
17
11
6
75
75
2
2
-
_
-
24
15
9
32
21
11
9
8
1
20
14
6
9
9
-
32
13
19
5
4
1
47
31
16
4 .
4
-
-
W om en
See footnote
at end of table.
_
6
_
-
—
54
70
O
n r “ Z
50
42
6 ----- 9 _
r
1
_
1
_
_
"
7
7
2
2
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
12
3
9
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
32
26
6
17
7
10
10
9
1
32
21
11
10
3
7
1
1
-
4
1
3
_
10
10
-
5
3
2
12
12
-
32
31
1
2
2
-
3
3
-
_
_
_
_
-
-
1
1
_
3
3
_
.
_
-
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
_
8
4
4
4
4
13
4
9
7
1
6
1
1
li
--------T T "
12
7
-
7
----------§ r
_
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
_
3
_
_
_
_
3
-
-
-
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, W is., April 1954
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Milwaukee, Wis., by industry division, April 1954)
Average
Number
of
workers
S e x , o c c u p a tio n , an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
Weekly
Weekly J n d e r
hours
earnings
(Standard) (Standard) $
3 5 .0 0
*
4 0 .0 0
4 2 .5 0
4 5 .0 0
4 7 .5 0
5 0 .0 0
$
5 2 .5 0
5 5 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
$
6 0 .0 0
s
6 2 .5 0
S
6 5 .0 0
S
6 7 .5 0
s
7 0 .0 0
7 2 .5 0
S
s
7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
9 0 .0 0
9 5 .0 0
4 2 .5 0
4 5 .0 0
4 7 .5 0
5 0 .0 0
5 2 .5 0
5 5 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
6 0 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
6 7 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
7 2 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
8 0 .0 0
9 0 .0 0
9 5 .0 0
over
1
1
19
14
5
42
36
6
99
65
14
52
40
12
73
61
12
51
29
22
96
51
45
50
47
3
81
55
26
34
24
38
2 3 — T T ~ ...38
11
9
-
12
7
5
30
14
16
49
9
40
95
42
53
83
31
52
155
65
90
74
42
32
62
41
21
67
40
27
65
41
24
1
*
3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0
an d
under
37^50. 4 0 .0 0
and
8 5 .0 0
W o m e i r - C o n ti n u e d
$
H o i r k a , p a y r o l l T T ______ ....
M a n u fa c tu rin g
____
_
__
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g —. ---------- ^ ------------------------
714
528
186
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
5 6 .0 0
5 5 .5 0
5 7 .0 0
C o m p to m e te r o p e r a to r s
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________ ______ ________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________ _______
784
391
393
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
5 2 .5 0
5 4 .5 0
5 0 .5 0
D u p lic a tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
( m i m e o g r a p h o r d i t t o ) __________ ____________
___
___
M a n u fa c tu rin g
163
116
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
5 0 .5 0
5 3 .0 0
K e y - p u n c h o p e r a t o r s __________________________ _
M a n u fa c tu rin g
r
521
315
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
O ffic e g i r l s
—
_
M a n u fa c tu rin g
_
N o n m a n u f a c tu rin g _
218
112
106
T-
.
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
1
_
_
12
-
12
1
6
2
3
-
-
11
4
25
9
17
15
26
17
7
7
5
4
3
3
54
51
5
4
5 2 .5 0
5 6 .0 0
12
6
24
8
40
23
73
53
38
-
56
4
48
-
14
2
42
33
48
44
54
40
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
4 2 .5 0
4 6 .0 0
3 8 .0 0
5
_
5
55
12
43
45
9
36
27
16
11
36
28
8
6
6
5
5
5
5
7
7
12
12
-
11
8
3
-
-
-
7 1 .0 0
7 3 .0 0
6 8 .0 0
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
10
10
19
2
17
45
6
39
8
8
5 5 .0 0
o
r
5 2 .5 0
5 4 .5 0
2
_
2
_
_
-
6
_
6
-
-
-
37
6
29
1
59
6
187
113
74
15
196
130
66
19
238
158
80
12
_
_
_
_
_
26
—
17
TT“
6
11
9
2
16
7
9
_
3
7
2 ------- 5”
1
2
-
-
_
9
------g
1
16
7
9
_
_
1
1
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
-
_
-
, -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
23
20
23
22
7
7
4
4
2
2
4
1
3
_
_
_
-
-
-
4
4
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
“
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
33
17
16
72
56
118
56
62
115
85
30
129
71
58
93
83
10
113
73
40
82
68
14
170
104
66
112
72
40
76
50
26
29
20
9
54
37
17
216
120
96
21
239
175
64
15
141
90
51
19
216
155
61
16
87
63
24
8
118
100
18
10
43
38
5
31
21
10
11
9
2
5
5
-
_
_
_
.
_
.
_
.
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
6
11
19
17
9
9
6
5
1
.
_
4
4
4
3
1
2
2
1
1
_
_
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
1
_
_
-
4
3
1
-
-
-
2
_
_
-
-
-
_
_
26 "
36
9
7
18
14
4
-
_
S e c r e t a r i e s _ ______ _______ —
_
M a n u fa c tu rin g
. .
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______ ______________ _ _ _ _
1 .2 8 0
762"
518
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l __________ _____________
M a n u f a c t u r in g
N o n m a n u f a c tu rin g
P u b lic u tilitie s *
1 .8 6 6
1 ,2 1 9
647
142
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
86
3 9 .5
6 1 .0 0
4 0 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .5
5 1 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
4 7 .5 0
3
3
4
4
3
3
16
2
1.4
21
21
83
2
81
12
12
28
21
7
19
5
14
12
4
8
18
8
10
n
9
2
14
11
3
11
11
_____
266
83
183
-
-
S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s _ _ ___ _
M a n u f a c t u r in g __ ___ _ ----- -------—. ----------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
451
241
210
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
5 2 .0 0
5 4 .5 0
4 9 .0 0
_
_
12
12
5
5
35
4
31
26
8
18
107
57
50
22
19
3
66
31
35
14
8
6
33
26
7
16
12
4
66
43
23
15
12
3
7
_
7
8
8
-
13
8
5
T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ______________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
98
56
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
6 2 .5 0
6 0 .5 0
.
_
_
_
_
-
-
4
18
9
9
“
18
16
5
-
8
4
11
-
3
2
1
-
1
1
4
1
11
5
5
4
1
1
T ra n s c rib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ,
g e n e ra l
M a n u fa c tu rin g .
_ _
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________
369
184
185
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
5 2 .0 0
5 5 .5 0
4 8 .5 0
_
_
11
---------r
46
47
18
18
16
l6
4
2
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
9
9
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
T y p i s t s , c l a s s A ____________________________ ____
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________ ______________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ___________________________
585
5 5 .5 0
5 8 .0 0
4 9 .5 0
_
_
_
-
15
14
9
9
8
8
1
.
_
_
_
_
188
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
-
-
-
-
-
-
T y p i s t s , c l a s s B ___
__ _
_
M a n u f a c t u r in g
_ _
___ ___ _
_ _ __
_
__
__ __
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___ ___
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * __________________________
1 .9 4 6
1 ,0 8 2
864
92
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
4 0 .0
4 6 .0 0
4 8 .5 0
4 3 .0 0
4 6 .0 0
S te n o g ra p h e rs , te ch n ic a l
S w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s
M a n u f a c tu r in g
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
__ ___
wr
i
-
4
1
3
175
5
17 0
93
U
10
59
7
52
9
1
8
14
9
5
38
12
26
55
■33“
20
8
8
7
7
16
16
51
23
28
49
16
33
198
31
167
3
204
78
126
17
235
103
132
22
316
214
102
25
253
216
37
9
9
16
-
1
_
15
16
41
12
29
86
36
50
66
53
13
56
32
24
56
51
5
125
122
3
32
32
1
_
_
-
1
-
-
-
-
238
211
27
3
109
74
35
2
124
81
43
11
60
49
11
29
18
11
1
1
-
.
.
-
_
-
_
-
_
_
_
_
—
JT ■ ■ "3 1 “
-
-
_
-
_
_
_
-
_
_
1
_
■_
-
-
-
_
-
_
Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte.
_
_
'
*
_
'
'
Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations
( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y h o u r s a n d e a r n i n g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s tu d ie d o n a n a r e a
b a s i s in M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , A p r i l 1 9 5 4 )
Average
Number
of
workers
S e x , o c c u p a tio n , an d in d u s try d iv isio n
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
$
Weekly
hours
(Standard)
Weekly
5 0 .0 0
earnings
(Standard) u a n d r
nde
5 2 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
$
7 0 .0 0
s
7 2 .5 0
1
7 5 .0 0
$
8 0 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
<
9 0 .0 0
»
6 2 .5 0
s
6 7 .5 0
$
5 7 .5 0
S
6 0 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
6 0 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
6 7 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
7 2 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
8 0 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
9 0 .0 0
9 5 .0 0
1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0
_
33
S3
2
2
t
5 2 .5 0
$
$
5 5 .0 0
5 5 .0 0
$
t
S
1
S
t
s
%
9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0
and
over
M en
D r a f t s m e n , s e n i o r ________ ____________________ _
M a n u fa rtu rin g
_
D ra fts m e n , ju n io r
M a n u f a c t u r in g
_
______
__
_
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
$
9 0 .5 0
9 o .5 0
.
.
_
_
_
-
~
“
-
~
405
385
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
7 2 .5 0
7 2 .5 0
1
1
3
3
4
3
4
4
37
37
29
29
36
27
56
56
43
41
27
27
236
117
119
219
103
116
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
6 7 .0 0
6 5 .5 0
6 8 .5 0
6 7 .0 0
6 5 .0 0
6 8 .5 0
3
3
2
2
5
5
5
5
10
6
4
9
5
4
12
7
5
12
43
29
14
41
28
13
29
14
15
27
12
15
44
25
19
41
23
18
17
14
17
3
14
15
1 *
14
15
1
14
14
1
13
13
1
12
1 ,0 3 4
19
i'9..
92
«9
173
170
205
69
48
48
45
38
2
2
20
5
15
18
3
15
18
12
6
17
11
6
6
6
2
2
_
-
133
n
r
70
too
114
108
49
45
3
1
5
4
3
3
2
2
2
2
-
199
IS 3
-
■
-
*
-
“
_
-
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
W om en
N u rs e s , in d u stria l (r e g is te r e d )
O n e - n u r s e u n i t ----------------------------------------M u l ti p l e - n u r s e u n i t _______________ _____
M a n u fa c tu rin g
_
O n e - n u r s e u n i t _ ____
M u l t i p l e - n u r s e u n i t —_ _ ____ _ ____ _
_ _
_
7
5
3
_
_
-
1
!
1
H o u r s r e f l e c t t h e w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e
s a l a r i e s a n d t h e e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d t o t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S u r v e y , M ilw a u k e e , W i s . , A p r il 1 9 5 4
U. S. D EPA R TM EN T O F LA BO R
B u re a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s
Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(Average hourly earnings 1 for men in selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Milwaukee, Wis. , by industry division, April 1,954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Number
o
f
Wres
okr
Occupation and industry division
$
8
8
$
$
$
8
8
8
8
8
8
S
$
$
$
$
8
$
8
8
8
8
$
$
Aeae
vrg
h ul LJnder 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1 .85 1.90 1.95 2 . 0 0 2.05 2 .10 2 15 2 .2 0 2.25 2 30 2.35 2.40 2.45 2 50 2.60 2 70 2 .80
ory
.
.
.
.
erig
anns
and
1
and
1.45 under 1.55 1 . 6 0 1.65 1 70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 2 .0 0 2.05 2 .10 2 15 2 .2 0 2.25 2 30 2.35 2.40 2.45 2 50 2 .60 2 70 2 .80 over
.
.
.
.
.
1 50
.
$
Carpenters, maintenance ___________ _
Manufacturing_
_
^
Nonmanufacturing ^ '
_
371
254
117
2 .18
2 .16
Electricians, maintenance
__
_
Manufacturing __ ________________
_
998
2 30
.
— Z.'R ■
-
Engineers, stationary .
.
___ _ _
_
Manufacturing___________________
Firemen, stationary boiler
Manufacturing_
_
__
367
284
.. _
..
2 23
.
-
-
_
-
_
-
4
3
8
8
1
1
1
_
-
-
-
2 .2 2
_
2 27
.
-
_
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
3
-
_
-
1.89
1.91
?7
25
15
15
5
1
5
1
40
19
24
9
57
32
85
75
68
37
37
693
553
Helpers, trades, maintenance
Manufacturing _
_
.. .
.
Machine-tool operators, toolroom
Manufacturing___ _______________
1 73
.
1 7
. 1
28
27
11
11
18
18
42
42
74
74
58
53
115
92
85
67
89
42
2 .18
2 .18
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
661
659
Machinists, maintenance_
_ _
Manufacturing_______________ ___
905
883
2.41
2 42
.
Mechanics, automotive (maintenance) _
Manufacturing___________________
Nonmanufacturing _
_
Public utilities*_
_
547
139
408
337
2 15
.
2 24
.
___
Mechanics, maintenance _
_
Manufacturing___________________
Millwrights ___ ___________________
Manufacturing___________________
-
-
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
2 13
.
_
-
-
772
742
2 .16
2 .16
-
-
_
-
500
497
Oilers __________________
Manufacturing___________________
-
2 .20
2 .20
-
-
-
429
420
2 .- 1 2
1.93
1.93
30
32
16
16
48
15
33
30
25
5
39
33
60
— 5F
47
44
60
4Y
61
55“
98
3
*
30
10
6
46
30
15
14
69
69
22
8
33
686
809
27
27
-
22
-
TT vr
-
_
4
4
-
73
7
- - T
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
-
5
5
.
-
_
-
2
2
!
13
-
1
1*
-
-
-
-
10
10
-
6
74
69
126
100
45
45
36
35
37
19
56
56
5 . 15
5
15
40
31
"
20
20
4
1
55
40
60.
38
9
5
9
5
54
— 53"
50
50
64
15
6
l
6
5
1
67
65
TF
21
21
32
32
22
68
6
64
84
84
79
73
40
40
19
19
27
27
36
36
33
33
13
13
32
31
40
40
83
82
22
21
7
7
12
10
20
_
_
_
"
16
16
24
24
48
48
3
3
-
Pipefitters, maintenance _ •_______
Manufacturing
__
352
320 '
2 24
.
2 24
.
_
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
139
130
2 .28
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
8
2
2
5
5
6
14
9
1.588
1,586
2.45
2 45
.
_
_
_
_
_
1
1
9
9
8
8
5
92
92
27
18
27 h TF
—
8
'7
8
85
6
3
“
3 -- 5
62
-
8
139
138
-
4
15
15
-
49
37
-
44
43
51
4
47
46
45
45
-
25
25
6
68
18
18
-
35
35
74
26
23
_
17
3
28
28
-
50
50
_
166
142
48
14
34
11
10
_
48
4
136
136
85
4
4
41
38
91
91
100
27
27
24
76
76
10
38
29
40
40
-
33
29
18
46
45”
_
-
27
27
11
11
-
-
— ZF — &r " S T
“
104
14
90
85
19
23
18
5
70
70
-
86
103
3
_
1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
66
45
1
_
_
80
74
18
5
13
5
5
17
17
_
95
7
7
-
57
55
2 23
.
Tool-and-die makers _
Manufacturing____
32
1
39
26
2 .2 2
2 30
.
5
5
15
12
12
256
173
_
-
16
6
18
_
21
7
9
_
9
39
20
2
-
-
_
-
-
-
1
Painters, maintenance ______________
Manufacturing _ _
Sheet-metal workers, maintenance
Manufacturing________________
1
10 1
7
6
1
5
22
22
10
10
31
26
17
16
-
-
5
5
10
10
2
3
19
11
1
1
18
18 -
93
93
-
6
26
ii
1
1
-
17
17
19
9
31
-
W-
280
280
_
18
18
18
32
32
_
-
_
-
_
-
7
-
1
1
8
6
*
97
97
2
2
_
-
1
1
24
-
-
3
-
24
24
7
7
-
48
48
6
6
-
-
83
83
_
4
4
_
-
-
-
-
1
_
-
_
24
20
21
22
1
3
-
-
5
4
19
18
6
6
6
15
15
17
17
5
5
5
5
4
4
29
28
57
57
91
90
74
74
77
77
400
400
20
12
19
17
7
200
200
3
3
u
31
31
17
15
-
8
8
22
21
11
11
12
-
7
7
46
46
19
rr
45
45
7
7
29
5
11
_
-
2
2
9
7
3
4
4
27
2
15
15
7
1
1
.
100
100
-
243
243
-
84
63
_
11 1
111
-
“
59
59
2
2
-
_
-
18
18
2
2
264
264
18
18
6
6
-
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, Wis. , April 1954
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M ovem ent O c cup a tions
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in Milwaukee, Wis. , by industry.division, April 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Occupation and industry division
$
$
$
s
$ ■ $
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
0. 95 1 . 00 1. 05 1. 10 1. 15 1. 20 1 . 2 5 1. 30 1 . 3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1 .9 0 1 . 9 5 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30
and
and
”
"
"
“
■
“
"
"
“
under "
1. 00 1 .0 5 1. 10 1. 15 1 . 20 1. 25 1. 30 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1 . 5 5 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1 . 80 1. 85 1. 90 1 .9 5 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 o ve r
of
W
orkers
hourly
earnings
Guards ______________ _________________ ____
M an u f ac tu r i n g ____ ____ _________________
608
585
$
1.69
1. 70
-
-
-
4
4
J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s (men)
M a n u f a ct u r in g __________________________
N on m an uf ac tu rin g _________ ____ ________
2, 364 .
i! w 9
715
1.49
1. 57
1. 30
27
27
48
48
54
112
1
J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s
(women)
___ ____________________________
M a n u f a ct u r in g _______ __________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________
1, 165
518
647
1. 19
1. 38
133
30
103
60
111
8
1 . 04
L a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l hand ling ______________
Manufacturing
Nonmanufacturing
3, 774
2, 720
1,054
1. 74
1. 75
1. 71
8
83
8
82
Or de r f i l l e r s ______ ________________________
Manufacturing
N on m a n uf a ct ur in g ______________________
1 , 628
1. 80
1. 78
1. 83
1
1
2
2
“
-
P a c k e r s , shipping (men) ---------------------------M a n u f ac tu r in g ............ ......................... ..............
N o n m a n u f a r ti i r i n g ......... ...
985
87T~
109
1. 75
1. 75
1. 74
_
_
P a c k e r s , shipping (women)
....... _
Manufacturing
_
_ _
N on m a n uf a ct ur in g ______________________
361
275
86
1. 34
1. 40
1. 14
Receiving c l e r k s __________________________
M a n u f ac tu r in g __________________________
N on m an uf ac tu rin g ______________________
360
193
167
Shipping c l e r k s ____________________________
M a n u f ac tu r i n g __________________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________
«
p
21
20
33
26
65
34
32
72
72
55
55
42
42
51
51
98
92
7
7
50
50
9
9
8
8
-
-
98
134
259
244
15
279
255
24
154
90
64
242
205
37
34
27
7
69
61
3
4
4
“
_
“
_
“
_
-
8
68
12
43
43
_
4
101
250
223
27
80
86
12
67
52
15
30
30
-
36
36
-
13
32
32
-
164
164
-
11
11
_
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
96
76
93
91
219
212
120
106
26?
435
42 7
20
2
7
14
17
8
213
190
23
245
161
84
175
67
108
123
50
73
285
75
15
305
232
73
284
6d
210
48
29
19
279
81
198
58
55
3
335
335
-
118
118
-
2
22
20
23
45
3 ” ” 2r
19
53
19
34
99
92
7
195
190
5
61
18
43
156
89
67
63
48
15
183
57
126
174
18
156
265
189
76
173
38
135
47
4
43
3
2
1
•
113
84
29
40
40
..
102
67
85 — 5 T
3
17
142
142
66
52
50
44
24
129
59
58
2
20
17
37
30
7
1
2
1
30
28
3
7
4
3
2
-
_
-
2
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
9
7
2
1
31
31
-
65
14
51
55
25
30
56
18
94
98
51
47
345
48
297
12
11
1
100
5
5
14
14
97
16
16
9
9
34
34
4
4
45
3?
14
14
_
-
14
4
10
_
_
8
8
_
_
_
_
9
26
10
-
50
24
20
-
20
20
9
id
26
10
26
2
-
-
-
1. 83
1. 83
1. 84
_
-
"
_
"
_
“
_
“
_
_
-
3
3
-
-
1
1
6
3
3
252
178
74
1 . 88
1. 84
1.97
_
-
_
“
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
_
-
_
“
-
_
"
Shi ppi ng -an d- rec eiv in g c l e r k s
......
M a n u f ac tu r i n g _________ _________________
227
144
1. 83
1. 83
_
_
_
_
_
6
_
~
“
“
"
-
-
4
-
_
“
"
-
-
T r u c k d r i v e r s , light (under lVz tons) _____
M a n u f ac tu r i n g ___ ______________________
351
114
1. 90
1. 67
_
_
_
~
_
_
8
- ------ T
_
1
13
-
-
-
1'2
3
-
-
T r u c k d r i v e r s , medium (lVa to and
including 4 tons)
.........
M a n u f a ct u r i n g __________________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________
Publ ic u t i l i t i e s *
938
392
546
355
1. 91
1. 83
1. 98
2 . 10
. -
-
-
10
-
-
50
50
-
13
13
-
11
2
9
512”
816
1
-
-
52
1
-
53
_
9
87
42
45
112
82
30
8
6
32
32
-
61
42
19
83
8
_
3
- ------ T
1
"
10
.
_
8
6
2
48
66
k
26
W
1
_
_
-
8
34
-
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
5
5
10
10
-
10
-
9
------ 9 -
1
8
- ------ 4- ------ T
18
14
2
15
15
13
13
1
10
17
17
_
5
5
6
33
8
5
20
-
36
28
17
15
8
21
21
2
2
2
74
-
68
6
11
10
-
66
2
1
2
3
7
5
5
22
2
_
“
3
3
-
_
1
-
“
4
“
11
10
10
_
1
1
17
17 —
-
24
6
6
_
“
43
6
r
-
-
66
_
-
47
40
7
_
-
8
6
2
30
36
-
36
15
22
21
13
12
1
38
38
-
22
24
24
8
8
1
112
3
-
-
65
14 — 25“
8
37
49
45
4
14
14
■
24
46
4
42
1
1
12
12
-
-
1
1
18
18
“
25
21
3
18
3
5
5
-
35
32
3
45
45
_
-
4
22
7
27
19
31
29
11
8
24
13
52
34
18
4
2
-
21
11
2
2
-
5
-
2
2
12
12
3
3
28
27
3
3
226
4
3
-
.
_
-
-
-
15
15
-
77
75
2
12
12
99
99
-
51
24
27
18
35
32
3
18
18
-
215
75
140
42
299
4
295
295
_
-
-
29
-
2
2
_
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, Wis. , April 1954
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M o ve m e nt O c c u p a tio n s - C o ntinue d
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations2 studied on an area
basis in Milwaukee, Wis. , by industry division, April 1954
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Occup ation and indu str y di vi si on
of
Workers
hourly
earnings
$
$
Under 0. 95 1. 00
and
$
0. 95 under
1. 00 1. 05
T r u c k d r i v e r s , heavy (ove r 4 to ns ,
t r a i l e r type) _________ :____________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________
P u bl ic u t i l i t i e s *
_
..........
1,021
91
930
734
T r u c k d r i v e r s , heavy ( ove r 4 to ns ,
ot her than t r a i l e r type) __________________
Nonmanufactur ing
_ .............. . ...
Pu b l i c u t il i ti e s * _____________________ __
4 28
4 17
142
2. 09
2. 10
2. 12
-
T r u c k e r s , power (forklift) ________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________ _______ _
696
651
1. 87
1. 88
_
T r u c k e r s , power (other than fo r k l if t ) ____
223
204
1. 74
1. 73
698
390
1. 32
1. 47
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1. 05 1. 10 1. 15 1. 20 1. 25 1. 30 1. 35 1 . 4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1. 90 1. 95 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30
and
1. 10 1. 15 1. 20 1. 25 1. 30 1. 35 1. 40 1 . 4 5 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1. 90 1. 95 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20
30 ove r
%
M a n u fa ctu rin g _
_
..
......
Wa tch me n __________________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ----- _-----------------------------------------
1
2
3
4
*
$
2.
2.
2.
2.
3
3
12
18
12
13
“
“
“
.
10
.
.
.
_
"
.
“
“
~
"
“
"
_
16
16
"
_
"
"
“
“
8
6
2
-
“
"
"
"
“
2
2
-
-
-
6
8
7
1
1
56
9
47
“
876
733
7
3
1
147
146
18
264
264
123
4
2
4 3 81
4
81
876
-
-
59
59
“
~
-
-
“
"
4
77
61
55
4
14
9
51
19
11
6
64
58
37
29
9
9
16
10
-
10
6
29
29
”
28
20
5
5
33
32
25
25
19
19
57
57
66
64
62
62
98
94
21
11
174
170
12
24
24
"
E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m pay for o v e rt i m e and nightwork.
Data li m i te d to m en w o r k e r s , e x c e p t wh er e othe rwise indicated.
W o r k e r s we re d i s tr ib ut e d as follo ws : 51 at $ 2 . 30 to $ 2 . 40; 18 at $2 . 40 to $ 2 . 50; 12 at $ 2 . 50 to $ 2 . 60.
W o r k e r s w e re d is tr ib ut e d as follo ws: 10 at $ 0 . 8 5 to $ 0 . 9 0 ; 67 at $ 0 . 9 0 to $ 0 . 9 5 .
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n (excluding r a i l r o a d s ) , com mun ica tio n, and other public u t il i ti e s .
“
7
3
4
2
2
"
“
4
4
26
26
19
19
19
19
15
15
57
57
25
25
25
7
2
1
2
2
2
2
_
2
2
36
32
46
46
66
55
20
20
6
4
14
14
9
44
29
1
2
1
~
-
5
5
B: Establ ishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Tab le B-l: Shift D iffe re ntia l Provisions 1
Percent of manufacturing plant workers ()
a
In establishments having
formal provisions for -
Shift differential
(b)
Actually working on -
Second
shift
work
Total
_
_
With shift pay differential
._
_
_
.
___________________________________
Uniform cents (per hour)
Under 5 cents
_
5 cents ___________________________________________ __
_
____ ________ ___
6 cents _ _ _ _ _
7 or 7Vs cents _____________________________________ __
8 cents
_ _
_
__
9 cents ____________________________________________ __
1 0 cents___________________________________________ _
_
1 1 cents_______________________ ____
___ ____________
1 2 cents _____________________________________ ___
_
_
1 2 H cents --------------- _ _ _ ______ ___
z
_ _ _
___ _
_
Over 12 V2 and under 15 cents_ ___________ ____________
15 cents____
_
_
_
Over 15 cents__ ______ ___ _ _
_ _ __ ___________ _
_
Uniform percentage_____ _ ________
_
______________ _
_
5 percent___________________ _________________________
6 percent -------------------------------------------7 y2 percent___________________________________________
9 percent____________________________________ .
________
10 percent -------------------------------------------Other
3
____________________________________
___________
No shift pay differential______________________________________
Second
shift
93.4
85.6
15.9
3.9
92.4
85.0
15.7
3.8
80.9
_ ...... .
Third or
other shift
work
64.2
13.7
2.3
1 .1
18.7
3.9
20.7
15.0
1.7
16.5
2 .0
.6
4.5
2.5
2.4
25.7
3.7
15.6
-
.8
.6
1.5
5.8
.6
-
1.0
.3
2.7
1 .2
3.4
2.3
.1
2 .6
.5
.4
.1
-
Third or
other
shift
(2)
.1
.1
.9
(2)
.9
.1
.1
.1
.1
2 .0
.4
1.3
.3
11.5
11.5
6.8
1.8
3.7
2.9
5.0
.3
.2
-
9.2
-
1.0
1.0
.6
.2
.1
2.9
-
.5
-
1 Shift differential data are presented in terms of ( ) establishment policy, and (b) workers actually employed on late shifts at the
a
time of the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy i i met either of the following conditions: (1) Operated late
f t
shifts at the time of the survey, or ( ) had formal provisions covering late shifts.
2
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
3 Includes provisions for full day's pay for reduced hours in combination with a cents or percentage differential.
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, Wis., April 1954
U.S. d e p a r t m e n t O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
T a b le
B -2 :
S c h e d u le d
W e e k ly
H o u rs
Percent of office workers 1 employed in—
Weekly hours
All workers
_ -----------------------_
Under 37 lU hours---------------------_
37V 2 hours _ _ _ ________________ _ _
_ _
Over 37V 2 and under 40 hours____________
40 hour8 _ _ ______ ___________________
_
Over 40 and under 44 hour s
____________
44 hours _ _____________________ ______
45 hours . _____________________________
Over 45 and under 48 hours ______________
48 hours _ _____________________________
Over 48 hours_________________________
Percent of plant workers employed in—
All
industries 2
Manufa cturing
Public
utilities *
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
2 .2
11.3
2.5
81. 1
1 .8
1.0
-
_
0 .6
-
3.6
1 .6
99.2
94.4
.5
-
.2
“
All
industries 3
10 0 .0
3.6
2 .1
Manufa cturing
Public
ui
t lities *
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
.
3.5
2.3
-
-
76.4
2.4
1.7
7.3
-
77.9
.8
1 .2
8 8 .8
3.4
7.8
1 0 .0
1 .6
3 8
.
2.9
1.6
1.0
Data relate to women workers.
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
1
2
3
Table B-3:
Paid H olid a ys1
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Percent of office workers employed in—
Number of paid holidays
All workers
--------------------------
Workers in establishments providing
paid holidays _ -----------------------Less than 6 days _
_ _________ ___ _
6 days
----------------------------7 days
_ _ ------------- --------_
8 days
----------------- ------ 9 days
_
1 0 days_ --------------------------1 1 days _
------------- --- -- _
Other 5
--- ------ _ _ --- ---_ _
Workers in establishments providing no
paid holidays _ _ _____________________
_
Public
utilities *
All
industries 2
Manufacturing
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-
10 0 .0
99.9
72.6
18.0
8 .6
.5
.2
(4)
.1
77. 1
21.4
1.5
-
85.0
15. 0
-
Ali
industries 3
1 0 0 .0
Manufacturing
1 0 0 .0
Public
utilities *
1 0 0 .0
(4)
1.3
97. 1
2.5
84.7
7.4
2.5
-
87.7
79.7
7.6
.4
-
7 3
.
2.9
12.3
92. 7
1 .8
81. 6
6 .2
1 .8
Estimates include only full-day holidays.
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
4 Less than 0. 05 percent.
• Three to six days, according to length of service.
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, Wis., April 1954
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1
2
3
y o
T a b le
B -4 :
P a id V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P r o v is io n s )
P e r c e n t of o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in—
V a c a t i o n p o l ic y
All w o r k e r s
__ ________
_____ ____________ ___
All
industries 1
M a n u f a c tu r i n g
P e r c e n t of pl a n t w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in —
Pu blic
u tilities *
All
industries 2
M a n u f a c t u r ing
Pu blic
utilitie s *
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
99. 1
47.9
.3
50.9
.9
.9
-
1 00.0
98 .5
55.3
.4
4 2 .8
1.5
1.5
-
100.0
100.0
65.5
98 .9
82 .3
7 1.8
1. 1
9 .4
16.6
13.2
3 .4
100.0
78. 1
73. 1
1.5
3.5
21.9
17.3
4 .7
100.0
92.6
7 4.8
A f t e r 1 y e a r of s e r v i c e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s pro v id in g
paid v a c a t i o n s _______________ ____________________
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ______________________
1 w e e k ______________________________________
O v e r 1 but l e s s than 2 w e e k s _____________
2 weeks
_
__
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3 _________________________
2 p e r c e n t ___________________________________
O v e r 2 but l e s s than 3 p e r c e n t _
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s pro v id in g
no paid v a c a t i o n s _______ _
____________ __ ___
-
34. 5
-
1. 1
_
17.8
7.4
7 .4
_
~
A f t e r 2 y e a r s of s e r v i c e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s pr ov id in g
paid v a c a t i o n s ________________ ____________ ___
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p ay m en t
__ _ _
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
O v e r 1 but l e s s than 2 w e e k s
2 w e e k s ................. .
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3 ________________________________
2 p e r c e n t ___ ______ _____ _____ _____ ___
O v e r 2 but l e s s than 3 p e r c e n t ______________ _
__ ________________________________
4 p e r c e n t ___
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s pr ov id in g
no paid v a c a t i o n s __________________________________________
100.0
99 .1
9.8
1.5
8 7 .8
.9
-
.9
-
100.0
98 .5
11.6
2 .5
8 4 .3
1.5
100.0
100.0
3.6
-
9 6 .4
1 .5
-
-
-
-
98.9
82.3
46.9
11.0
24.5
16.6
8 .0
8.0
. 5
100.0
78. 1
54 .3
15 .0
8 .8
21.9
10.9
11.0
-
100.0
92.6
18.2
_
7 4 .4
7 .4
-
7 .4
1. 1
A f t e r 3 y e a r s of s e r v i c e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p ro v id in g
paid v a c a t i o n s _______________________________________________
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e pa y m en t
........... .
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
Ov e r 1 but l e s s than 2 w e e k s _________________
2 w e e k s __________________________________________________
3 weeks _
_ _____
_ __ _
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3 _________________________________
2 percent _
Ov e r 2 but l e s s than 3 p e r c e n t _______________
Ov e r 3 but l e s s than 4 p e r c e n t _______________
4 percent
____ ___
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s pro v id in g
no paid v a c a t i o n s __________________________________________
100.0
99. 1
5. 1
2. 1
9 1.4
.5
.9
-
.9
-
100.0
98 .5
7 .5
3 .4
86 .8
.8
-
100.0
-
1.5
-
-
-
1.5
-
-
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
100.0
100.0
98 .9
82. 3
31.7
13.2
37.5
-
16.6
8.0
2.3
5 .8
.5
100.0
78. 1
3 8.7
17.8
2 1.5
-
100.0
9 2 .6
3 .3
_
8 9 .3
_
21 .9
10.9
3. 1
7 .9
7 .4
-
7 .4
_
-
1. 1
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, Wis., April 1954
U. S. D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
T a b le
B -4:
P a id V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P r o v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d
Percent of office workers employed in—
Vacation policy
All workers
_ _ _
_ ________
_
All
industries 1
_ _ _ _
_
Manufacturing
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Public
utilities *
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
All
industrie s 2
100.0
Manufactur ing
Public
utilities *
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
After 5 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations__________________________
Length-of-time payment
__
1 week _ _
_ _
_
_
_
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks__________
2 weeks
_ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _
_
_
_ _ _ _ _
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks__________
3 weeks
Percentage payment3 „
4 percent__________________________
Over 4 but less than 6 percent_ ______
_
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations_______________________
99.1
.3
96.9
.2
1.7
.9
•/
-
98.5
.5
95.7
.4
1.9
1.5
1.5
-
-
100.0
-
98.9
82.3
.9
1.7
75.7
1.7
2.3
16.6
13.6
2.9
1.1
78. 1
2.3
72.9
2.4
.6
21.9
17.9
4.0
92.6
_
_
89.2
_
3.4
7.4
7.4
_
~
After 10 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations
_
_
__
Length-of-time payment
1 w e e k ___________________ ________
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks _ _ _ __
2 weeks
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks__________
3 weeks ___________________________
Percentage payment 3
4 percent
Over 4 but less than 6 percent_________
6 percent _________________________
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations
.
.
_ ...
100.0
99.1
-
.3
79.0
2.5
17.2
.9
.9
-
100.0
98.5
-
.5
78.6
3.9
15.5
1.5
1.5
-
100.0
100.0
-
6 6 .0
_
34.0
-
98.9
82.3
.9
.5
59.5
4.3
17.2
16.6
12 .2
4. 1
.2
1.1
100.0
100.0
78.1
-
92.6
-
.6
6 0.8
49.7
5.9
10.7
21.9
15.9
5.7
.3
43.0
7.4
7.4
_
-
After 15 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations
__
_
_
Length-of-time payment___________ _____
1 week
. _
.
.
. _ _
.
2 weeks
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks__________
3 weeks___________________ ________
Over 3 but less than 4 weeks__________
Percentage payment 3
4 percent ___________________ _______
Over 4 but less than 6 percent..
6 percent and over
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations_______ ________________
100.0
99.1
_
18.3
.3
80.3
.2
.
9
.
9
100.0
98.5
-
11.7
.5
85.9
.4
1.5
1.5
100.0
100.0
-
4.0
96.0
_
-
_
-
-
_
-
-
“
98.9
82.3
.9
13.2
1.7
64.2
2.4
16.6
3.3
.6
12.6
100.0
78.1
_
7.1
2 .1
65.6
3.3
21.9
3.8
.9
17.2
1.1
'
S e e f o o t n o t e s at end o f t a b l e .
* T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r pu bl ic u t i l i t i e s .
100.0
92.6
_
.4
_
92.2
_
7.4
7.4
_
_
1UU
T a b le
B -4
P a id V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P ro v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d
Percent of office workers employed in—
Vacation policy
All workers
.......
All
industries 1*
Manufacturing
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Public
utilities *
100.0
100.0
1 00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
All
industries z
100.0
Manufactur ing
Public
utilities *
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
After 20 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations _ _ _
_ _ _
Length-of-time payment _ _
_
1 week
_ . _ ._
..
.
2 weeks
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks
3 weeks _______ ______________ __
Over 3 but less than 4 w e e k s _________
4 weeks and over
_ _
Percentage payment3
. . .
4 percent _
. __
Over 4 but less than 6 percent
6 percent and over
.
.
.
. ,
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations
_
_ T ^^
__
99.1
_
16.8
.3
80.1
.2
1.6
.9
.9
_
98.5
_
10.9
.5
84.4
.4
2.2
1.5
1.5
-
-
-
■
1 00.0
-
_
-
”
100.0
_
4.0
_
96.0
_
98.9
82.3
.9
12.3
1.7
64.2
2.4
.9
16,6
3.3
.6
12.6
1.1
78.1
_
6.6
2.1
65.7
3.3
21.9
3.8
.9
17.2
92.6
_
.4
_
92.2
_
_
7.4
7.4
*
_
"
After 25 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations _
■
_
Length-of-time payment
_
_
__ .
.
1 week
.
. . . _ „r _ _
. r
.
_
2 weeks _
T
„ .. . ..
..
.
.
.
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks
_ _ _ .
3 weeks
Over 3 but less than 4 weeks
.
4 weeks and over ..... _ ._ _ _ .
Percentage payment3
4 percent
_ .... ,
Over 4 but less than 6 percent
6 percent and over
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations
99.1
_
14.7
_
76.4
.5
7.5
.9
.9
98.5
_
10.4
_
83. 1
.9
4.1
1.5
1.5
1 00.0
100.0
4.0
_
81.8
_
14. 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
98.9
82.3
.9
11.9
1.2
57.0
2.9
8.5
16.6
3.3
.6
12.6
100.0
78. 1
_
6.0
1.5
63.4
3.9
3.2
21.9
3.8
.9
17.2
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Percent of annual earnings.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
1
100.0
92.6
_
.4
_
83.8
_
8.4
7.4
7.4 '
_
_
T a b le B-5:
H e a lt h , In s u ra n c e , a n d P e n s io n
Percent of office workers employed in—
Type of plan
All workers
All
industries 1
_ „
100.0
Manufactur ing
1 0 0.0
P la n s
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Public
utilities *
1 0 0.0
All
industries 2
Manufactur ing
Public
utilities *
1 0 0.0
100.0
100.0
Workers in establishments providing;
Life insurance
_ .. _
_ ..
.
Accidental death and dismemberment
92 .0
9 6 .3
99 .7
8 9 .3
93.6
100.0
in su ran ce
S i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e _
50.8
6 8 .0
6 6 .5
8 9 .5
3 7.4
35 .0
50.9
7 7 .4
5 9 .3
91 .5
4 1 .5
40 .8
36.8
3 6 .2
3 9 .2
3.9
.8
1 .4
5.2
88.3
86.7
64.5
2 .4
78.8
9 7 .5
9 7 .5
7 3 .4
1.4
8 2 .9
4 1 .1
56 .0
53 .9
3 7 .0
.6
95 .8
9 5 .4
7 2 .0
1.1
6 9 .4
60.0
68.8
68 .8
57 .9
9 3 .1
7 .5
8 8 .5
8 6 .4
6 4 .5
1 .4
6 5 .9
7 1 .4
6.3
1.
9
4 3 .6
3.7
1.6
2 2.7
1 .9
1.3
.3
4 .2
2 .5
Sick leave (full pay and no waiting
period)
Sick leave (partial pay or waiting
period)
Hospitalization insurance
Surgical insu rance
-----
Medical insurance
Catastrophe insurance
R e tire m e n t pension
_
Health, insurance, or pension plan
not listed above-- ---- ------ r - --- No health, insurance, or pension
plan _
_
__
__
r ...
,, ,
-
-
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communications, and other public utilities.
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, Wis., April 1954
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1
2
102
T a b le B - 6 :
O v e r tim e P a y P ra c tic e s
Percent of office workers employed in—
Overtime policy
All workers
_ _ _
All
industries 1
„
100.0
Manufactur ing
1 00.0
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Public
utilities *
100.0
All
industries 2
100.0
Manufactur ing
Public
utilities *
100.0
100.0
97.2
76.5
92.2
Daily overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium pay
_ _
_
Time and one-half
Effective after less than 8 hours______
Effective after 8 hours______________
Effective after more than 8 hours _
Double time
__
Other 3
_.
Workers in establishments providing
no premium pay or having no policy__ _____
59.5
57.7
1.5
56.2
92.6
91.9
_
_
_
-
_
1.8
2. 3
.8
88.7
73.2
.4
71.0
1.7
.4
15. 1
25. 1
7.4
11.3
2.8
7.4
94.9
94.2
95.4
93.7
.9
100.0
98.2
1.2
92.6
92.2
.
40.5
74.9
7' 5
2.
1.4
71.1
_
91.9
9 2 .6
_6
75.9
_
_
20.7
92.2
_
_
.4
Weekly overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium pay_
_ __
Time and one-half____________________
Effective after less t'han 40 hours_____
Effective after 40 hours
Effective after more than 40 hours ____
Double time
___
Other 3
Workers in establishments providing
no premium pay or having no policy
96 .8
85. 5
1.8
83. 1
100.0
97.5
1.4
96. 1
-
94.2
.8
5. 1
4.6
_
_
_
-
_
11.3
3.2
2.5
88.8
4.0
.4
1.3
.6
97.0
_
_
1.8
92.2
_
_
.4
7.4
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes provisions for a specified number of overtime hours at either (l) no pay, ( regular rate, or (3) a premium rate; and premium pay at another rate thereafter.
2)
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, Wis. , April 1954
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1
2
3
T a b le
B -7 :
R a te o f P a y f o r H o lid a y W o r k
P e r c e n t of pla nt w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in —
P e r c e n t of o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in —
P a y provision
All
industries 1
All
industries 2
M a n u f a c tu r ing
Public
u tilities *
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s wi th pay
p r o v i s i o n s f o r w o r k on p a id h o l i d a y s 3 ________
61.7
7 0.9
90.6
82. 1
95.6
87.7
_____ __ ___________ _____
R e g u l a r r a t e only
T i m e and o n e - h a l f
Dou ble t i m e
_
_
_ _ _ _ _ _
D ou ble t i m e and o n e - h a l f
_________ ______
T rip le tim e
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ __
Eq ual tim e off
________________________ _____
.5
3.6
40 .8
5.3
11.5
-
-■
48.8
58.8
6.9
A ll w o r k e r s
__
^
___
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s wi th no
f o r m a l p o l ic y
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s wi th no
paid h o l i d a y s
____ ___
_
38.3
____
___
.1
_
-
14.5
-
4 7 .0
1 3.4
30.3
-
2 9.1
9 .4
53.8
2.6
-
.7
4 3 .2
11.0
2 7 .1
. 1
M a n u f a c tu r ing
12.2
3 4 .5
.2
10.7
2.9
22.0
-
1.5
7 .3
Public
u tilities *
12.3
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition l those industry divisions shown separately.
o
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes holiday pay and rate for work on paid holiday.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, Wis. , April 1954
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1
2
3
104
Table B-8: Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
Percent of office workers employed in—
Item
All
industries1
Manufa cturing
|
Percent of plant workers employed in —
All
industries 2
Public
utilities *
Manufactur ing
Public
utilities *
W A G E S T R U C T U R E F O R TIME-RATED
WORKERS3
All workers
_ _
_
_
_ _
_
100
Formal rate structure
73
Range of rates
.
.
Individual rates_______ _________________ .
100
72
27
81
1
81
19
100
100
87
91
43
48
1
86
100
94
45
49
100
100
40
60
6
’
"
M E T H O D OF W A G E P A Y M E N T FOR
PLANT WORKERS
Ail workers
_
Time workers
Incentive workers
Piecework
Bonus work
Commission
_
DATA
____
-
._ _
_
NOT
COLLECTED
1
62
38
14
18
......
. __.
.
.
. _
.
...
100
.
100
100
59
41
19
77
23
22
16
7
6
LABOR-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS4
Workers in establishments with agreements
covering a majority of such workers
19
13
50
82
91
100
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Estimates for office workers are based on total office employment whereas estimates for plant workers are based on time-rated employees only.
Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category.
The estimates so obtained are not necessarily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by provisions of labor-management agreements due to
the exclusion of smaller size establishments.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Occupational Wage Survey, Milwaukee, Wis. , April 1954
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1
2
3
4
NEW
YORK
CITY,
About tw o-thirds of the workers in New York City are em
ployed in various nonmanufacturing industries such as in wholesale
and retail trade, and in establishments engaged in finance, insur
ance, and real estate.
New York City is also one of the most
important centers of certain manufacturing industries, e . g . , the
apparel trades which provide employment for several hundred
thousand w orkers.
Other large groups are employed in printing
and publishing, food processing, metal fabricating, and establish
ments manufacturing electrical and nonelectrical machinery and
equipment.
This yearJs annual study
lishm ents employing nearly 555,000
an estimated 4,783 establishments
6 m ajor industry groupings.
(See
presents data from 585 estab
workers— selected to represent
employing 1,461,000 workers in
table following. )
Wage Structure
Four out of five plant (nonoffice) workers in New York City
were paid on a tim e-ra te rather than on an incentive basis. Eighty
percent of the tim e-ra ted plant workers were employed in estab
lishm ents with form al wage structures which provided a single rate
or range of rates for each job classification. These workers were
about evenly divided between those in establishments with single
rates for each job and those with a range of rates for each job.
Among the industry groups surveyed, formal wage structures were
m ost prevalent in the public-utility group.
Nine-tenths of the
public-utility plant workers were in establishments with specified
rate ranges for each job classification.
Over a third of the office workers were in establishments
which determined rates for these workers primarily with reference
to the qualifications of the individual worker.
Nearly all of the
other office workers were in establishments with a form al range
of rates for each job classification.
A fifth of the plant workers in New York City were paid
on an incentive b a sis.
In manufacturing, nearly a third of the
production workers were incentive workers; a large proportion of
these were piece workers in the apparel industries.
Of the 585 establishments studied in New York City, 104
reported wage structures in which the jobs had been form ally
grouped into labor grades. Labor-grade system s were established
under office wage structures more often than plant wage struc
tu res.
The system s applied to both plant and office wage struc
tures in 37 establishm ents, to office only in 57, and to plant only
in 10 establishm ents. M ost of the 31 manufacturing establishments
reporting labor-grade system s were in metalworking industries.
Although the number of labor grades employed varied widely most
of the system s ranged from 5 to 12 grades.
FEBRUARY
1954
Occupational Pay Levels
Women secretaries and general stenographers in the New
York City area averaged $ 7 1 .5 0 and $57 a week, respectively, in
February 1954.
Among the women1s clerical jobs studied secre
taries were the highest paid and office girls, averaging $42, were
the lowest paid.
Copy typists and routine file clerks, averaged
$49 and $45, respectively, and were the only other w om en s office
jobs studied with average weekly salaries of less than $50. Earn
ings for nearly all w om en s office jobs were from $ 1 .5 0 to $ 3.50
higher than in February 1953.
Among the skilled maintenance trades studied, straighttime average hourly earnings ranged from $ 1 . 8 8 for painters to
$2.41 for tool-and-die m akers. E lectricians, mechanics, and sheetmetal workers employed in maintenance work averaged $ 2 . 1 5 an
hour. Maintenance trades helpers averaged $1.69 an hour. Average
hourly earnings of maintenance workers were generally 8 to 12
cents higher than in February 1953. Average earnings of custodial
workers studied were: $1. 5 6 for guards; $1. 3 8 for watchmen; and
$1. 3 5 and $1. 2 0 , respectively, for men and women janitors. Among
the numerically most important m aterial-m ovem ent jobs studied
were men shipping packers ( $ 1. 4 2 ) , laborers engaged in handling
m aterials ( $ 1 . 6 2 ) , order fillers ( $ 1. 6 2 ), and drivers of medium
sized trucks ($1.98).
Drivers of heavy trucks (other than trailer
type) averaged $ 2 . 4 1 , reflecting, in part, the relatively high earn
ings under bonus plans recorded for nearly a fifth of the drivers
in manufacturing. Cents-per-hour increases (over February 1953)
in average hourly earnings for these custodial and mate ria l-m o v e
ment jobs tended to be somewhat sm aller than for the skilled main
tenance trades.
Pay levels for similar jobs tended to be somewhat higher
in manufacturing than in the nonmanufacturing industries. Average
weekly salaries were higher in manufacturing for 16 of the 26 office
jobs permitting comparison. Among the plant jobs permitting com
parisons, 10 out of 12 maintenance jobs had higher average earnings
in manufacturing, but among custodial and m aterial-m ovem ent jobs
earnings were higher in manufacturing in only half the jobs.
C o st-o f-L iv in g and Annual Improvement Adjustments
Plans calling for periodic wage adjustments based on
changes in the cost-of-livin g were infrequent in this area. Of the
585 establishments studied only 7 in manufacturing, 4 in trade, and
2 in finance had provisions for such adjustments. In 5 establish
ments the provisions applied to both plant and office workers, in
6 to plant workers only, and in 2 to office workers only. None of
the establishments studied had provisions for annual improvement
(productivity) adjustments.
106
Labor-Management Agreem ents
Overtime Pay
Four-fifths of the New York City area plant workers in the
industry and establishm ent-size groups covered in the study were
employed in establishments with labor-management agreements cov
ering a majority of their plant w orkers.
Nine-tenths of the plant
workers in manufacturing were in such establishments as compared
with about three-fourths of the plant workers in nonmanufacturing.
Fully 95 percent of both plant and office workers were
employed in establishments having provision for the payment of a
premium rate for work in excess of the w orker1s scheduled weekly
hours.
For plant workers, this provision was usually one and a
half tim es the regular rate for work in excess of 40 hours.
The
majority of the office workers were scheduled to work l ess than
40 hours but their overtime prem ium pay generally did not start
until after 40 hours had been worked. Over four-fifths of the plant
workers as compared with l ess than tw o-fifths of the office workers
were employed in establishments with provisions for premdum pay,
usually time and a half, for hours worked in excess of daily sched
uled hours.
About an eighth of the office workers were employed in
establishments with labor-management agreements covering a m a
jority of their office workers. The highest coverage among office
workers (about five-eighths) was in the public-utility group.
Work Schedules
Shift Operations
Seven-tenths of the plant workers in New York City were
scheduled to work a 40-hour week in February 1954. About a tenth
of the plant workers were in establishments which operated on
longer schedules compared with about a fifth with shorter schedules.
Nearly nine-tenths of the women office workers on the other hand
were scheduled to work fewer than 40 hours a week; of these, over
half were scheduled to work a 35-hour week.
An eighth of the plant labor force in manufacturing were
employed on evening or night shifts at the time. of the survey.
Nearly all shift workers received a differential over day shift rates.
The differential was most often a uniform cents addition to first
shift rates, the amount of the differential varying among the e s
tablishments studied.
E s ta b l i s h m e n t s and W o rk er s Within Scope of S ur vey and Number Studied in New Y o rk ,
Minimum size
e sta bli sh m ent
in scope of
study 2
Industry division
A ll
d iv is io n s
, ,
...........................
-
by M a jo r Industry Di v isi on ,
Number of e s ta b li s hm e n ts
W ithin
scope of
study
Studied
F e b r u a r y 1954
W orkers
Within
scope of
study
Studied
T ot al
Office
4,783
585
1,460,900
554,750
167,320
101
-
1 ,3 5 4
3, 218
159
37 3
404,000
9 73,400
105,560
403,850
15,350
125,980
101
51
101
51
51
51
262
935
351
757
913
211
54
79
52
77
111
53
239,300
1 3 5 ,1 0 0
1 8 0 ,2 0 0
237,000
1 8 1 ,8 0 0
83 , 500
163,700
20,910
73,720
92,420
53 , 100
45,340
32,340
8,030
8,450
63,860
13,300
25,990
_
Manufacturing ________________________________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ___________________________________________________
T ra n s p or ta ti on (excluding r a i l r o a d s ) , co mm unic atio n,
and other public ut il i ti e s ) ____________________________________
Wholesale tr ad e ______________________ -__________________________
Re ta i l tr ad e (exc ept l i m i t e d - p r i c e v a ri e ty s t o r e s ) ---------------F i n a n c e , i n s ur an ce , and r e a l es ta te ______________ _________
S e r v i c e s 3 ________________________________________________________
Ce ntral o f f i c e s ______________________________________________________
N. Y„,
1 The New Y o rk City A r ea ( Br on x , Kings, New Y o rk , Queens, and Ric h m o nd Counties, N. Y. ).
2 Tota l es ta b l i s h m e n t emp loyment.
F o r wage study p u r p o se s , all out let s (within the a r e a ) of co mpanies in such in dus tr ies as t r a d e , fi n an ce, auto r e p a i r s e r v i c e ,
m ot io n -p ic tu re t h e a t e r s a r e c o n si d er ed as one es ta b l i s h m e n t.
3 Hotels; pe rs o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u si ne ss s e r v i c e s ; automobile r e p a i r shops; radio br oad cas tin g and te le v is io n ; motion p i c tu re s ; nonprofit m e m b e r s h i p o r g an iz at io n s ; and
gineering and a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .
and
en
Paid Holidays
Virtually all office and plant workers were employed in
establishments that provided holidays with pay. A majority of the
plant workers received 6, 7, or 8 full-day holidays, whereas the
m ajority of the office workers received 10, 11, or 12 full-day
holidays.
About fiv e-six th s of the office workers in the finance
industry group, and three-fourths in the public-utility group were
in firm s with provisions for 11 or more paid holidays a year.
Over four-fifths of the plant and three-fourths of the office workers
were in establishm ents which had extra pay provisions for work
perform ed on paid holidays.
Double time (including holiday pay)
was the m ost common provision; provisions for double time and
one-half were also quite common.
Paid Vacations
Virtually all w orkers, plant and office, were in estab
lishm ents having form al provisions for paid vacations.
Vacation
pay was based on the w o r k e r s regular rate for a specified period
of time for all except a sm all proportion of the plant workers r e
ceiving a percentage of annual earnings or a flat sum.
Vacation
provisions for office workers were more liberal than for plant
workers.
Over nine-tenths of the office workers qualified for 2
weeks* vacation after a year of service whereas plant workers more
commonly qualified for a 1-week vacation after a year.
After 25
years of service, over a third of the office workers as compared
with about a tenth of the plant workers were eligible for 4 weeks
or more of vacation.
Health, Insurance,
and Pension Plans
Nearly all of the workers were employed in establishments
which paid at least part of the cost of one or more form s of em
ployee health, insurance, or pension plans.
Benefits provided for
a m ajority of both plant and office workers included life insurance,
hospitalization, surgical insurance, and pension plans.
Sickness
and accident insurance was available to about two-thirds of the plant
workers as compared with le s s than half of the office workers, but
nearly half of the office workers were in establishments with formal
sick leave plans as compared with only about three-tenths of the
plant workers.
10 8
A: Occupational Earnings
Table A-l: Office Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New York, N. Y . , by industry division, February 1954)
Average
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Number
of
w rk rs
o e
Weekly
hours
(Standard)
Weekly
earnings
(Standard)
NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OP —
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
%
$
$
$
t .
S
$
$
$
f
Under 35.00 37.50 4 0 .00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52. 50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 7 0 .0 0 75. 00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00
and
and
I s . 00 under
37.50 4 0 .00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62. 50 65. 00 67.50 7 0 .00 75 .0 0 80.00 85.00 90 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 over
Men
Billers, machine (billing m achine)--------Nonmanufacturing----------------- — -----------
154
138
36.0
3 6.0
$
58.00
57.50
“
”
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class A ------------------------------------------------ —
Nonmanufacturing-----------— ----------------Finance * * ----------------------------------------
308
258
205
36.0
3 5 .5
3 5 .5
7 0 .0 0
70.00
70.00
“
.
.
-
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class B --------- —
---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing — --------- —-----------------
219
171
37.5
3 7 .5
58.00
59.06
“
■
Clerks, accounting, class A ------------------Manufacturing------------------- — ---------------Nonmanufacturing------- — ---------------------Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale tra d e ------------------------------Retail trade *-------------------------------- ----Finance * * ------—
----------------- — ----------Services------------------------------------------Central o ffic e s---- --------------------------------
4.989
515
3,725
537
1,036
327
1,457
368
749
36 .5
36.5
37.0
37.5
37.0
4 0 .0
36.0
37.0
35.0
74. 00
79.00
73.50
79.00
76. 50
72.50
69.00
73.50
74.00
.
.
.
.
“
Clerks, accounting, class B -------------------Manufacturing —----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing------- ------------------------Public utilities * -----------------------------Wholesale t r a d e -----------------------------Retail trade 2 -----------------------------------Finance * * ---------------------------------------S e rv ic e s------—----------------------------------Central o f f ic e s -------------------------------------
2, 529
401
1,826
214
501
143
794
174
302
36.5
37.0
3 7.0
36 .5
38 .0
39 .5
36 .0
3 7.0
35 .5
58.50
62.00
58.00
62.00
64. 50
55.50
54.00
54.00
59.00
_
- !
.
.
“
Clerks, file, class A ------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ——
---------------------------
218
192
3 5.5
35.5
58.50
58.00
_
-
Clerks, file, class B -------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------Finance * * ----------------------------------------
553
475
306
37.0
37.0
36.5
4 4 .00
4 3 .00
40.00
376
76
76
23
23
23
Clerks, order ------------------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------Wholesale tra d e -------------------------------
1.952
365
1, 415
1,242
36.5
36.5
36.5
36 .5
70.50
64.00
72.50
73.50
-
_
.
.
-
"
.
"
.
*
.
-
.
-
.
"
“
"
6
6
4
4
16
.
16
_
.
.
16
.
-
.
.
.
-
50
49
•.
.
"
14
•
5
5
2
16
l6
19
8
17
14
36
17
58
.
58
.
26
32
.
-
106
_
98
13
6
79
.
8
102
89
14
_
64
11
13
84
.
78
7
.
.
68
3
6
174
33
129
18
2
75
34
12
198
18
160
9
15
10
117
9
20
246
20
198
22
40
24
66
46
28
167
lb
126
5
13
.
“
33
33
3
1
5
2
14
14
14
20
20
1
49
44
44
47
43
43
64
64
44
8
■
64
57
-
33
33
1
1
145
.
138
1
39
13
58
27
7
70
.
57
11
6
32
8
13
467
20
350
18
111
17
158
46
97
276
13
201
21
66
6
104
4
62
332
55
234
29
44
3
135
23
43
85
23
23
399
96
240
19
47
16
146
12
63
157
3
126
26
36
3
48
13
28
347
44
237
24
81
63
52
17
66
85
23
58
12
25
4
17
4
-
“
-
■
"
77
54
43
15
11
11
.
.
-
3
3
3
.
-
.
-
4
4
11
11
-
-
-
“
-
313
34
202
30
85
16
69
2
77
694
68
492
59
79
94
168
92
134
677
89
489
98
133
131
84
43
99
512
479
81
69 j
351
382
121
48
84
105
22
19
78
203
4
49
59
49
332
51
250
10
142
_
69
29
31
128
34
54
32
8
10
149
27
102
23
31
.
35
13
20
55
19
34
6
20
2
3
3
2
135
25
100
13
44
4
35
4
10
167'
39
108
13
87
8
20
46
41
20 — ^ r
24
31
4
9
14
20
_
.
6
2
_
_
2
3
7
_
7
5
_
_
2
_
7
3
23
23
19
.
13
.
6
52
52
3
.
.
49
-
-
-
“
56
3
53
2
.
17
34
“
.
_
-
4
4
8
5
9
7
18
18
61
61
26
24
5
4
4
4
7
7
5
3
27
24
10
4
2
-
48
48
44
50
35
7
102
86
75
133
118
60
30
29
10
25
23
11
23
20
“
11
2
-
3
~
9
6
*
5
1
■
8
4
“
6
5
■
-
-
-
78
51
27
27
12
4
8
7
158
6
112
108
39
15
24
24
155
46
107
96
88
10
78
75
145
11
115
81
132
106
403
26
6 — W — ?2“ — m
70
62
275
20
67
51
224
20
228
47
174
142
74
4
49
36
144
6
.
-
8
8
.
.
.
8
.
-
19
-
-
*
182
29
112
36
49
8
19
41
14
7
- ------ 5“
14
1
_
13
_
_
_
_
_
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
89
2
85
85
12
3
5
3
16
r
15
15
181
181
1
_
i
_
7
1
-
-
-
-
-
7
1
-
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities,
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
20
20
10
“
24
24
9
9
—
183
_
Occupational Wage Survey, New York, N. Y. , February 1954
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
T a b le A - l: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New York, N. Y , , by industry division, February 1954)
A erage
v
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Number
of
workers
Weekly
hours
(Standard)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
$
$
$
S
6
$
s
35.00 37. 50 40.00 42.50 4 5 .00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55. 00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00
and
and
35.00 under
37.50 40.00 4 2 .50 45.00 4 7 .5 0 50.00 52.50 55.00 5 7 .50 60. 00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 over
Weekly Under
earnings
(Standard) $
Men - Continued
Clerks, p a y ro ll------------------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing---------------------------------Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale t r a d e ------------------------------Finance ** ----------------------------------------
827
206
571
198
137
103
37.0
37.5
3 7.0
36.5
37.5
36.0
70.00
70.00
70.00
71.00
68.00
68.50
_
.
-
_
_
.
-
_
.
_
Duplicating-machine operators
(mimeograph or ditto) —-------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------Wholesale trade -----------------------------------------S e r v ic e s ------------- -------- -------------------- ----------- —
645
545
147
275
36.0
36.0
37.0
3 5.5
48.50
48.50
50.50
45.00
25
25
Key-punch op erators----------------------------------
100
38.0
54. 50
Office b o y s -------------------------------------------------Manufacturing----------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing —— — --------- ------------Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale trade —----------------------------Retail trade * ----------------------------------- F in a n c e * * ----------------------------------- ——
Services --------------------------------------------Central o ffic e s ---------------------------------------
8.269
1,208
5,871
456
1, 640
179
2,469
1, 127
1, 190
S e c r e ta r ie s ------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing---------------------------------Stenographers, g e n e r a l------------------- ---------
39
39
_
20
19
18
9
9
7
_
2
24
12
12
.
.
-
_
.
_
_
-
25
6
6
_
6
57
54
_
47
70
64
_
43
42
30
_
26
78
62
38
16
_
_
_
6
7
3
36.5
36.5
36.5
37.0
37.0
3 7.5
3 6.0
36.5
35.5
42.00
662
42.50
73
558
41.50
.
43.50
42.50
53
41.50
8
42.00
77
38.00 *420
43.50
31
1056
278
636
44
181
13
278
120
142
928
115
646
69
234
30
245
68
167
2468
228
1939
129
491
62
1045
212
301
790
55
598
52
63
34
374
75
137
902
134
646
65
231
20
183
147
122
359
192
36.5
37.0
83.00
75. 50
.
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
156
37.0
62.50
_
_
_
_
_
-
7
.
7
.
7
-
_ !
i
39
38
.
38
1
.
.
26
14
12
2
_
-
45
7
38
24
4
4
13
7
6
4
_
-
30
8
22
10
1
6
100
81
20
52
115
97
67
22
18
8
50
48
26
25
.
.
3
19
32
5
8
410
56
268
28
159
3
45
33
86
115
37
46
10
16
1
16
3
32
112
-
_
-
.
-
_
_
31
.
30
_
30
1
59
2
55
62
12
44
8
13
12
46
2
31
5
24
2
91
29
53
42
_
4
18
4
14
3
6
3
67
29
36
6
12
13
4
3
14
-
2
11
10
2
-
3
2
.
33
23
20
-
7
7
_
-
8
18
6
1
1
4
95
24
56
6
14
.
32
4
15
7
5
2
2
_
_
-
14
13 ,
1
1
_
-
9
9
_
_
_
41
77
10
53
24
11
_
18
.
14
_
-
.
“
1
1
19
19
1
_
2
27
11
21
51
2
57
1
44
.
30
12
104
4
58
_
38
42
48
36
30
12
129
6
89
5
81
54
118
8
94
73
16
598
161
343
15
181
6
96
45
94
65
11
6
.
48
-
.
„
103
19
82
34
11
22
54
5
48
5
21
6
27
13
11
11
_
-
27
6
18
3
_
1
30
10
20
10
_
-
_
_
_
_
.
.
_
_
_
_
-
_
-
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
1
_
.
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
33
16
27
2
20
3
549
3
107
20
76
24
25
2
-
13
.
13
_
_
1
12
_
-
-
12
4
_
_
_
_
_
_
8
9
5
13
13
58
40
76
56
53
34
16
55
18
5
1
188
13
149
39
96
26
106
7
68
12
50
31
180
18
142
35
81
20
125
2
103
6
88
20
228
28
146
22
88
54
190
21
152
32
95
17
287
21
244
101
49
22
93
10
76
34
15
7
..
_
-
-
3
3
-
_
.
-
_
1
- ■
1
_
_
1
_
_
_
.
Tabulating-machine o p e r a to r s ----------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing---- ------------ —-------------Wholesale trade--------------------------------Finance** ---------------------------------------Central o ffic e s ---------------------------------------
2.052
144
1,569
317
946
339
36.5
3 6.5
3 6.5
36.5
36.0
35.5
66.50
70.00
67.00
76. 50
62.50
63.50
_
_
-
Typists, class A ------------------------------ -------Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------
310
203
36.0
3 5.5
59.00
60.50
_
_
_
-
-
-
2
2
2
-
10
9
7
5
64
39
37
26
19
7
31
31
65
22
11
1
11
11
14
14
3
2
11
11
20
20
Typists, class B --------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------
222
174
37.5
38.0
52.00
51.00
3
1
19
19
25
25
7
7
5
5
66
48
4
4
48
39
5
5
18
13
4
-
5
2
1
1
10
4
2
1
_
_
_
-
-
1,868
50$
1, 140
430
426
168
219
36.5
37.0
36.5
36.5
36.0
39.0
35.5
57.50
58.00
57.00
59.00
56. 50
51.50
60.00
28
28
20
.
20
100
15
81
31
18
10
4
168
20
144
32
65
44
4
220
61
146
32
56
37
13
104
32
56
20
29
4
16
364
124
185
81
50
41
55
175
89
65
14
47
255
70
147
75
43
10
38
107
35
57
44
7
116
30
64
34
28
42
12
14
7
3
4
16
89
10
79
60
14
29
8
18
18
2
6
6
1
3
2
2
_
11
2
8
7
_
1
7
_
7
7
-
_
_
-
-
7
25
1
23
17
6
1
_
_
-
Women
B illers, machine (billing machine) --------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing---------------------------------Wholesale trade--------------------------------Finance * * -------------------------- --------------Services -------------------------------------------Central o ffic e s ---------------------------------------
_
_
.
.
2
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
2
_
_
_
*
12
16
20
'
See footnotes at end of table.
* T5ansPortf tlon (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
_
'
-
21
-
15
-
22
-
-
21
21
2
2
_
_
_
_
-
18
6
3
2
3
2
_
_
_
_
_
3
10
2
110
T a b le A-1: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New York, N, Y . , by industry division, February 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF —
Average
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Number
of
workers
s
$
$
%
s
$
Weekly Under 3 5 .00 37.50 4 0 .00 4 2 .50 4 5 .00 47. 50 lo .o o 52.50 55.00 57. 50 60. 00 62. 50 65.00 67. 50 70. 00 75. 00 8 0 .00 85. 00 9 0 .00 *95.00 100.01
Weekly
earnings
hours
and
$
and
(Standard) (Standard)
35.00 under
37.50 4 0 .00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 75.00 80.00 8 5 .00 9 0 .00 9 5 .00 100.00 over
Women - Continued
I
Billers, machine (bookkeeping
m achine)--------------------------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------Retail trade 2 ------------------------------------
1.376
232
1, 133
403
36 .0
3 6 .0
3 6 .0
3 8 .0
$
59.00
57.50
59.50
53.00
-
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class A --------------------------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------Wholesale trade-------------------------------Finance ** ---------------------------------------Central o ffic e s ---------------------------------------
2. 11C
311
1,559
293
1,032
248
3 6 .5
3 6 .5
36 .5
3 7 .0
36 .5
35 .0
64. 50
68.00
63.50
70.00
61.50
64. 50
.
.
-
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class B ------------------- ------- ---------------—-------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing---------------------------------Wholesale trade-------------------------------Retail trade 2 -----------------------------------Finance * * ------------------------------------------------Services — —
—-------—-----—---- ——r------Central o ffic e s ----------------------------------------------
7.354
622
6,309
971
213
4 ,655
373
423
3 6 .0
37 .0
36 .0
3 6 .5
3 8 .5
36.0
3 6 .5
3 5 .5
53.50
58.00
52.50
58.00
56.00
50.50
59.00
58. 50
Clerks, accounting, class A ------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmariufacturing---------------------------------Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale trade-------------------------------Retail trade 2 ------------------------------------Finance * * ----------------------------------------Services —— ——
—------------------- ——-----Central o ffic e s --------------------------------------
3 ,494
630
2 ,366
248
621
250
781
466
498
3 6 .5
3 6 .5
3 6 .5
37.0
3 6 .5
38.0
3 6 .0
3 6 .5
3 5 .5
66. 00
68. 00
65.00
73.00
68. 50
65.00
60.00
63.50
70.00
Clerks, accounting, class B --------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing---------------------- ----------Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale trade ------------------------------Retail trade 2 -------•
---------------------------Finance * * ----------------------------------------Services ------------------------- ■
----------------Central o ffic e s --------------------------------------
6,842
3 6 .5
36. 5
5,037
3 6 .5
36 .5
479
1, 196 3 6 .5
38.0
805
1,395 * 3 6 .0
3 6 .0
1, 162
3 6 .0
939
53.50
62.50
53.00
61.50
56. 00
4 9 .00
50.50
52.50
57.50
Clerks, file, class A -------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------Public utilities * ------------------------------------Wholesale trade ------------------------------------Finane e * * ------------------------------------------------Services ---------------------------------------------------Central o ffic e s---------------------------------------
2.872
280
2, 179
198
424
1,083
410
413
3 6 .0
3 6 .5
36 .5
37.0
3 6 .5
36 .0
36 .0
3 5 .5
57.50
59.00
56.50
65.00
58. 50
54.00
58.00
61.00
-
4
-
4
-
25
19
6
6
89
11
69
69
63
14
49
32
148
46
100
78
57
6
51
23
113
14
99
70
106
28
78
59
174
36
137
17
182
10
172
7
144
12
131
7
201
9
192
5
29
7
22
11
8
6
2
2
9
8
1
1
4
4
-
1
1
1
*
.
-
10
10
273
256
10
200
17
200
27
153
6
136
20
262
27
184
11
146
51
247
18
187
26
145
42
320
100
203
68
124
17
149
3
126
51
63
20
206
61
118
54
64
27
198
72
122
22
56
4
50
1
48
22
4
1
30
2
20
20
8
12
3
3
9
.
-
1
-
83
53
14
-
-
10
*
62
45
31
17
97
-
1
1
.
-
-
1
297
7
290
2
287
1
503
.
487
6
2
473
-
913.
24
850
47
9
790
3
39
1046
130
874
143
21
681
23
42
704
27
631
76
29
474
13
46
856
77
740
180
50
451
45
39
514
26
440
74
16
256
93
48
716
113
560
192
21
234
102
43
180
23
93
31
4
35
16
64
335
63
249
97
38
99
14
23
57
48
26
21
9
164
34
96
50
1
11
34
34
54
18
30
14
1
6
6
34
21
8
3
2
3
5
12
3
5
1
4
4
-
1
1
_
.
_
.
.
■-
“
43
43
42
1
-
-
"
- !
16
920
54
859
32
19
785
22
7
-
-
-
7 !
7
.
7
-
8
8
8
.
-
22
22
14
4
4
-
46
42
21
1
8
12
4
197
7
173
6
14
16
131
6
17
145
51
90
1
.
12
76
1
4
286
13
261
1
6
16
150
88
12
179
30
140
2
41
15
62
20
9
471
90
344
26
81
37
82
118
37
296
49
211
18
111
9
38
35
36
343
30
265
22
94
40
49
60
48
199
36
98
14
.
9
56
19
65
577
IW
244
53
44
35
62
50
155
330
37
235
32
95
55
29
24
58
195
76
95
42
30
.
11
12
24
120
24
75
22
31
1
8
13
21
36
7
25
14
.
.
4
4
25
2
23
1
22
_
-
12
8
1
3
4
.
4
566
92
454
2
30
79
204
139
20
531
74
412
11
56
117
143
85
45
644
70
509
14
101
56
196
142
65
966
141
629
28
203
107
162
129
196
560
88
374
42
93
41
88
110
98
744
131
539
57
225
65
121
71
74
417
42
299
34
76
46
64
79
76
680
56
504
71
232
74
36
91
120
271
28
181
65
35
13
26
42
62
295
4
199
26
81
21
56
15
92
152
100
41
5
2
33
19
28
272
21
225
72
34
3
40
76
26
48
4
38
12
17
8
1
6
26
10
12
2
_
_
10
4
22
.
12
.
8
4
_
10
16
3
1
_
_
_
1
12
5
.
_
.
.
_
_
.
5
_
.
.
.
.
157
6
147
231
32
188
2
20
142
24
11
175
8
150
4
7
121
13
17
347
27
296
10
71
158
38
24
194
15
120
21
19
56
16
59
324
47
231
13
97
97
14
46
280
17
214
22
72
57
62
49
331
53
222
23
34
86
73
56
81
7
58
3
22
31
2
16
160
14
102
30
26
22
24
119
10
90
10
20
45
15
19
108
8
82
10
18
43
10
18
106
10
76
20
11
22
22
20
63
7
42
24
40
3
34
6
3
12
7
3
18
7
9
9
7
3
7
_
7
_
2
-
-
25
25
.
.
25
26
26
.
8
18
.
231
15
216
54
77
85
-
-
12
-
44
-
-
-
-
11
-
44
-
9
2
1
-
-
-
38
6
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
15
■15
15
.
.
-
4
4
-
345
63
282
2
119
119
42
-
66
6
56
.
-
27
29
110
30
4
4
44
_
_
18
14
7
4
3
2
7
_
4
.
5
2
-
_
.
-
4
T a b le A - l: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New York, N. Y . , by industry division, February 1954)
NUM
BER O W
F ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM W
E EEKLY EARNINGS O F
A erage
v
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Nm
u ber
o
f
w rk
o ers
5
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
S
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
W ly
eek
W ly Under 35.00 37. 50 40 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 50.00 52.50 5 5 .00 57. 50 60.00 62. 50 65.00 67. 50 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00
eek
ea in s
rn g
hu
o rs
and
and
(S n a ) (S n a ) $
ta d rd
ta d rd
under
35.00
37.50 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.. Q 67 ..50 la^QQ 75.00, 80 .0 0 -&5_QQ ■9CL.H -9J5L P.100*00 over.0
O
-Q
Women - Continued
Clerks, file, class B -------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing---------------------------------Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale tr a d e ------------------------------Retail trade 2 ------------------------------------Finance * * -----------------------------------------S e r v ic e s -------------------------------------------Central o f f i c e s --------------------------------------
9.4 3 0
775
7,6 1 7
856
1, 199
438
4, 100
1,024
1,038
36.5
36.5
36.5
37.0
37.0
3 8.0
36.0
3 7.0
3 5.5
45.00
47.50
44.00
48. 50
48.00
43.00
42.00
44. 50
49.00
Clerks, ord e r--------------------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------ —
---------- ------Wholesale tr a d e ------------------------------Retail trade 2 ------------------------------------
2 .6 3 4
618
1,574
1,032
488
36.5
37 .0
37 .0
36.0
38.5
56.00
57.50
55.50
57.00
52.50
Clerks, payroll------------------------------------------Manufacturing-------------------— ---------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------Public utilities * -------------------------------Wholesale tr a d e ------------------------------Retail trade 2 ----------------------------------Finance * * -----------------------------------------S e r v ic e s-------------------------- ----------------Central o ffic e s---------------------------------------
3, 197
1,044
1,871
290
397
308
524
352
282
36 .5
37 .5
3 6.5
36.0
36.0
3 8 .0
35.5
37.0
35.5
Comptometer operators ---------------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing---------------------------------Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale tr a d e ------------------------------Retail trade 2 ------------------------------------Finance ** ------------ —------------------------S e r v ic e s----------------------------------- -------Central o ffic e s---------------------------------------
5.758
744
3,623
463
1, 011
786
1, 026
337
1,391
Duplicating-machine operators
(mimeograph or ditto)----------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------Finance * * ---------------------------------------Key-punch operators --------------------------------Manufacturing--------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------Public utilities * -----------------------------Wholesale trade -----------------------------Retail trade 2 ----------------------------------Finance * * ---------------------------------------Services ------------------------------------------Central o ffic e s --------------------------------------
.
15
402
3
3
990
48
885
7
37
23
642
176
57
1823
129
1530
96
184
200
853
197
164
1372
73
1117.
81
98
17
764
157
182
1621
130
1346
263
249
99
545
190
145
819
112
605
92
185
20
263
45
102
693
78
535
140
175
34
137
49
80
322
62
194
68
59
7
49
11
66
330
45
222
51
82
4
60
25
63
198
21
116
29
45
1
30
11
61
103
19
53
4
37
2
4
6
31
75
13
37
4
16
12
5
25
21
7
13
4
7
.
2
_
1
64
5
43
10
6
1
3
23
16
45
4
22
5
3
14
19
57
48
1
3
8
36
9
4
1
1
_
_
_
_
3
.
.
-
.
.
-
15
.
15
.
11
38
1
37
2
32
81
37
24
4
20
175
27
87
23
61
214
39
158
124
34
394
94
247
157
89
376
104
222
138
65
356
45
210
161
49
222
47
139
97
42
268
46
168
109
59
117
54
59
44
15
182
41
122
96
6
20
2
16
16
-
74
43
28
28
-
36
15
19
10
5
31
.
23
23
-
9
7
-
23
15
_
_
61.50
60.00
61.50
60.50
65.00
55. 50
64.00
60.00
70.50
.
.
.
.
-
7
.
7
_
.
7
.
-
17
1
16
.
.
15
.
1
-
39
20
19
1
- .
12
6
.
68
39
21
1
.
18
2
8
224
74
139
56
.
49
15
19
11
98
41
54
27
.
8
12
7
3
330
116
203
18
75
59
18
33
11
197
68
125
8
24
11
57
25
4
332
162
142
15
15
29
24
59
28
171
37
133
9
10
25
51
'38
1
297
91
191
36
43
18
65
29
15
159
34
106
7
16
8
17
58
19
262
92
145
27
48
28
13
29
25
184
32
129
20
32
7
54
16
23
326
122
165
23
46
21
57
18
39
286
71
198
28
65
16
85
4
17
73
25
23
_
6
.
3
14
25
65
9
32
8
11
2
11
24
14
3
5
>
.
_
5
36.5
37.0
36.5
36.5
37.0
37.5
35.5
36.5
35.5
58. 50
58.00
58.00
62.50
60.00
57.00
56. 50
56.00
58. 50
.
.
-
24
.
12
12
.
15
98
8
77
1
10
47
19
13
252
27
155
4
31
62
49
9
70
341
39
197
6
24
39
115
13
105
664
43
486
27
89
129
142
99
135
474
75
250
10
88
58
74
20
149
964
140
659
75
193
174
179
38
165
532
99
290
30
113
57
60
30
143
765
144
423
73
138
71
98
43
19.8
338
48
193
38
65
22
41
27
97
525
51
373
88
136
70
65
14
101
278
26
216
62
23
7
116
8
36
258
35
126
9
53
30
25
9
97
146
9
105
37
34
26
_
8
32
62
_
34
2
21
9
2
_
28
14
.
9
1
3
5
_
2
.
_
_
-
3
.
1
.
1
2
_
_
_
_
5
-
-
-
531
376
105
36.5
36.5
3 5 .5
51.00
52.50
49.50
.
-
-
3
-
90
45
20
69
52
35
73
46
5
65
54
13
50
38
1
25
13
10
46
37
2
15
14
2
20
7
2
4
2
2
13
10
1
6
6
-
41
41
1
11
11
11
-
-
■
~
"
4.231
439
3, 167
214
498
241
1,953
261
625
36.5
36.5
3 6.5
3 7.0
36.0
37.5
36 .0
36.0
36.0
53.50
54. 50
53.00
57.50
57.50
51.50
51.00
52.50
57.50
14
14
3
1
2
377
29
3i 1
16
15
9
212
59
37
405
55
302
24
29
42
182
25
48
429
67
304
12
26
11
188
67
58
523
33
401
37
49
69
221
25
89
472
88
333
10
72
20
203
28
51
269
l6
191
12
86
10
76
7
62
229
8
129
40
45
35
9
92
159
33
109
12
41
56
53
7
22
10
3
8
1
24
17
3
10
1
7
2
4
.
-
.
-
-
-
-
-
4
_
2
-
-
2
-
445
29
373
15
6
47
299
6
43
75
13
32
10
7
.
14
.
379
18
357
12
84
15
230
16
4
8
2
4
-
247
29
180
1
95
4
66
-
32
4
27
2
-
3
22
-
1
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
_
466
29
430
.
13
15
312
90
7
423
420
39
-
15
152
12
38
-
17
-
24
39
3
25
-
12
3
30
2
.
„
.
- ,
2
2
.
_
_
_
2
-
6
2
_
_
2
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
1
1
_
-
2
_
_
_
19
1
5
_
3
2
_
13
29
6
13
6
3
_
4
_
10
3
_
3
_
_
3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
_
_
-
11 2
T a b le A-1: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New York, N. Y ., by industry division, February 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E W EEKLY EARNINGS OF
Average
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Number
of
workers
Weekly
hours
(Standard)
Women - Continued
Manufacturing ----------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------Public utilities * -------------------------------Wholesale tr a d e -------------------------------Finance * * -----------------------------------------Central offices----------------------------------------
Weekly
earnings
(Standard)
$
$
$
$
t
473
41
231
22
102
7
55
4
17
4
-
56
1
2
-
3
3
8
6
1
1
_
-
.
_
-
-
-
-
-
561
88
67
387
145
413
137
7
269
19
194
84
26
81
15
60
11
31
35
39
18
18
12
6
5
11
1
1
3
53
3
50
2
“
2
-
2
"
“
-
“
“
“
-
24
69
27
19
.
3
7
9
23
359
21
332
16
19
23
30
244
6
675
201
402
.
22
104
126
150
72
1011
230
736
12
40
58
131
495
45
1744 1423
447
184
1133 1112
63
48
236
91
64
119
264
221
494
645
164
127
3347
622
2204
93
785
170
561
595
521
1843
141
1423
107
334
69
468
445
279
3780 2024
708
271
2445 1320
85
161
618
406
127
25
910
415
629
389
627
433
4287 4205
561
672
2844 2725
237
169
1061 1173
146
95
937
725
531
495
771
919
2420
347
1497
166
616
48
401
266
576
1746
218
1155
69
366
68
452
200
373
1133
197
624
93
134
16
227
154
312
1197 1617
256
189
726 1211
94
102
90
149
32
9
405
804
124
128
215
217
2709
295
1951
324
395
106
890
236
463
1690
183
1203
173
240
49
629
112
304
2680
413
1760
155
599
35
723
248
507
1403
126
875
104
237
33
393
108
402
2846
352
1855
193
821
39
588
214
639
1330
117
908
56
393
2
316
141
305
1254
166
775
111
330
26
221
87
313
748
88
474
78
122
265
9
186
905
185
488
97
131
12
220
28
232
268
79
127
27
39
2
38
21
62
147
5
109
10
35
.
56
8
33
54
6
36
2
15
.
8
11
12
12
8
_
.
8
_
4
.
.
.
_
_
_
.
_
16
.
16
_
_
_
16
„
-
-
26
6
6
3
_
_
3
4
_
_
4
1
_
_
1
6
_
6
6
_
1
1
_
.
_
_
_
_
3
3
_
_
_
_
_
_
36 .0
36.0
36.0
36 .0
35.0
170
43
99
77
28
197
5
155
5
14
128
37
36. 0
36.0
3 6.0
37 .0
36.0
37 .5
36.0
3 6 .0
3 5.5
71.50
70.50
70.50
77.00
72.00
65.00
72.00
67.00
75.00
_
„
.
_
.
_
_
.
_
.
.
.
1
_
1
.
.
1
_
_
-
_
_
.
.
.
_
-
-
-
_
.
.
.
.
.
-
49
-49
1
.
48
.
-
205
30
168
2
154 !
12
7
_
-
_
-
-
_
-
10
10
10
.
-
34
34
5
22
7
-
_
27
4
23
21
3 6 .0
3 5 .5
1, 753
347
130
1, 181
311
4 2 .0 0
4 1 .0 0
_
_
Stenographers, general ----------------------------- 19.577
Manufacturing----------------------- —-----------2, 504
Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------- 13, 126
Public utilities * ---------------------- -------1, 543
Wholesale tra d e -------- ---------------------3, 596
Retail trade 2 ----------------------------------351
Finance * * ----------------------------------------6, 132
S e rv ic e s-------------------------------------------1, 504
Central offices---------------------------------------3,947
36.0
3 6.5
36 .5
36 .5
36. 5
36. 5
36.0
36.5
35. 5
57.00
! 57.00
: 56.50
57.50
! 59.00
; 55.00
! 55.00
I 56.00
! 58.50
_
.
_
_
_
-
Stenographers, technical--------------------------Nonmanufacturing------------------ —
-----------Finance * * ---------------------------------------S e rv ic e s-------------------------------------------Central offices---------------------------------------
36 .0
36.5
36.0
37.0
35 .0
66.00
-.65.50
65.50
63.00
67.50
_
- '
-
1. 198
798
277
314
363
821
11 5
202
30
4 2 .00
172
4 4 .00
16
4 0 .50
4 2 .00 4 135
4 3 .00
-
2 . 342
278
32.000
5,210
Manufacturing --------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing---------------------------------- 21,056
1, 518
Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale trade ------------------------------- 6, 113
Retail trade 2 -----------------------------------1, 146
--- 6,226
- - ,--- — -. — ■— r
T
Services -------------------------------------------- 6,053
Central o ffic e s --------------------------------------- 5, 734
Switchboard o p e r a to r s-----------------------------Manufacturing--------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------- ------------------------Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale tr a d e ------------------------------Retail trade 2 -----------------------------------Finance * * ---------------------------------------S e rv ic e s-------------------------------------------Central offices---------------------------------------
6. 554
604
5,464
577
833
672
1, 760
1,622
486
3 7 .5
36.5
37. 5
38.0
37 .0
38. 5
36.5
38.5
35 .5
56. 50
61. 50
55. 50
59.00
61.00
53.50
55.50
52.00
61. 50
Switchboard operator-receptionists---------Manufacturing--------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------Public utilities * ------------------------------Wholesale tr a d e ------------------------------Finance ** --------------------------------------S e rv ic e s--------------------------------------------
2.472
958
1,438
122
582
276
374
37.0
37.5
3 7.0
3 6.0
36.5
37. 5
37.5
56.00
56. 00
56. 50
60.50
56. 50
54. 50
56. 50
-
-
21
_
21
-
-
21
.
2
i :
f
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities,
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
$
$
s
$
s
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
Under 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 50 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 . 50 5 5 . 0 0 5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0
and
and
$
3 5 . 0 0 under
3 7 . 5 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 5 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 . 5 0 5 5 . 00 5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 over
$
$
24
.
_
2
7
15
447
14
387
16
4
350
17
46
_
7
7
7
-
7
7
7
-
22
21
21
1
34
25
14
4
6
31
16
11
15
126
95
1
76
30
148
92
8
36
41
120
85
26
54
33
127
68
9
55
52
107
86
61
17
20
62
20
14
1
42
127
85
52
28
39
158
118
33
43
36
88
67
7
.
20
124
6
116
34
70
12
2
136
136
9
44
19
64
-
634
11
620
50
9
25
175
361
3
748
21
718
22
98
226
373
9
842
58
736
49
75
97
212
303
48
639
70
518
89
72
53
170
134
51
713
96
579
55
123
79
244
78
38
462
44
332
33
74
32
134
59
86
677
52
564
83
158
133
138
52
61
398
13
352
45
107
44
107
49
33
382
46
304
58
107
6
89
44
32
255
88
137
5
32
9
62
29
30
294
38
188
68
25
3
67
25
68
109
34
63
4
17
62
18
36
.
20
11
31
12
14
2
8
30
5
25
-
16
15
-
200
129
70
20
44
102
449
213
205
23
62
39
75
212
89
123
51
18
25
326
60
265
19
137
30
79
180
59
110
9
40
41
4
408
204
185
31
69
39
35
110
52
57
37
10
10
147
53
94
18
8
3
49
111
49
62
20
6
36
68
13
44
30
12
2
56
4
52
18
34
-
9
9
_
-
23
2
-
-
102
4
32
11
55
_
_
20
_
"
“
531 1378
113
250
241
819
23 7 176
51
161
2
6
126
218
258
39
177
309
25
5
15
1
14
_
_
_
5
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
“
'
■
.
“
T a b le A - l: O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New York, N, Y . , by industry division, February 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
Avehaqh
S e x , o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n
Number
of
workers
S
Weekly U n d e r 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0
Weekly
earnings
hours
and
(Standard) (Standard) $
tin d e r
3 5 .0 0
3 7.50 4 0 .0 0
*
4 0 .0 0
$
4 2 .5 0
$
4 5 .0 0
4 7 .5 0
$
5 0 .0 0
5 2 . 50
$
$
$
$
$
$
i
$
s
$
5 5 . 0 0 5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 * 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 * 9 5 . 0 0 * 1 0 0 .0 0
and
4 2 .5 0
4 5 .0 0
4 7 .5 0
5 0 .0 0
52. 50
5 5 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
65
60
44
12
78
74
61
10
162
144
97
13
108
10 1
50
23
135
11 7
90
14
48
38
30
3
54
31
25
427
47
343
127
16911
25
37
179
24
105
10
74
7
50
447
37
357
125
170
24
53
315
37
216
83
114
13
62
394
7
267
16 7
59
19
120
243
11
123
73
24
9
109
6 0 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
70.0 0
7 5. 00
8 0 . 00
67
50
.29
5
74
64
29
20
46
39
11
20
43
34
5
7
7
6
6
2
-
2
2
2
■
"
"
163
14
104
46
37
17
45
103
33
46
25
12
7
24
79
9
51
30
20
1
19
29
22
10
1
7
7
3
2
1
4
7
2
2
5
3
3
_
2
1
4
4
_
4
-
-
-
353
941!
215
13
38
1
73
90
44
248
26
17 1
19
58
1
51
42
51
159
5
113
6
38
1
34
34
41
102
10
63
3
27
6
27
29
1 92
8
158
95
30
_
10
23
26
71
5
61
1
46
14
5
48
3
41
1
16
_
6
18
4
11
9
2
_
_
_
150
48
63
3
7
74
3
128
14
85
61
33
8
3
1
1
_
_
4
4
44
2
_
_
_
6 7.50
8 5 .0 0
90.0 0
9 5 .0 0
100.00
over
W o m e n - C o n tin u e d
T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s -------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * ------------------------------------------------S e r v i c e s ----------------------------------------------------
1 .0 1 6
859
557
131
3 6 .5
3 6 .5
3 6 .5
3 5 .5
$
6 0 .5 0
60 .0 0
5 8 . 50
6 4 .0 0
T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
^6n6r3>l
M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e — ---------------------------------F i n a n c e * * ------------------------------------------------S e r v i c e s ---------- ------------------------------------------C e n t r a l o f f i c e s ----------------------------------------------
3 .0 9 5
317
2 , 189
708
1, 1 7 9
158
589
3 6 .0
3 6 .5
3 6 .0 '
3 6 .0 |
3 6 .0 i
3 6 .0
3 6 .0
5 6 .0 0
5 4 .0 0
5 5 .0 0
5 8 .5 0
5 3 .0 0
56. 00
6 0 .0 0
.
_
.
- '
-
-
-
-
“
“
1
1
1
-
-
-
22
22
20
2
-
8
6
2
4
8
8
5
54
37
24
55
48
47
“
“
“
116
51
65
58
7
76
15
57
53
3
4
221
9
19 2
20
160
6
20
258
23
205
190
14
30
-
-
1
1
_
1
-
i
1
8. 659
1 ,2 0 5
6 ,2 5 7
700
963
129
3 ,2 6 4
1 ,201
1, 1 9 7
3 6 .0
3 6 .5
3 6 .0
3 6 .0
3 6 .5
3 7 .5
3 6 .0
3 6 .0
35. 5
5 5 .5 0
56 .0 0
55 .0 0
54. 50
6 2 .5 0
51. 50
52. 50
5 7 .5 0
5 8 .0 0
T y p i s t s , clas s B ------------------------------------------------ 1 3 . 9 9 2
M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------1 ,6 4 9
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------- 1 0 , 9 3 9
730
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * -------------------------- —------2 , 188
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 2 ------------------------------------------559
6, 303
F i n a n c e * * ------------------------------------------------S e r v ic e s
--------------------------------------------------1, 1 5 9
1 ,4 0 4
C e n t r a l o f f i c e s ----------------------------------------------
3 6 .5
3 6 .5
3 6 .5
3 8 .0
36; 5
3 7 .5
3 6 .0
3 6 .5
3 5 .5
4 9 .0 0
5 1 .0 0
4 8 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
5 2 .0 0
4 8 .0 0
4 6 . 50
4 9 .0 0
52 .5 0
T y p i s t s , c l a s s A ----- -----------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 2 ------------------------------- ----------F i n a n c e * * --------------------------------------------------S e r v i e e s ——— — — ———— — — — —
C e n t r a l o f f i c e s ----------------------------------------------
13
13
.
7
6
38
38
.
.
34
4
-
“
-
93
124
498
20
22
93
.
10
83
104
462
-
-
33
.
.
.
-''
-
13
69
22
16
376 '
37
14
1083
16 7
839
110
18
6
580
125
77
1250
167
922
82
70
27
598
145
161
839
79
631
31
41
15
409
135
129
1044
134
702
41
134
21
312
194
208
723
174
394
22
95
9
216
52
155
758
106
534
18
237
12
161
106
118
427
44
322
9
96
1
6
812
156
574
15 2
19
18
318
67
82
1682
126
1428
48
48
39
1183
110
128
2901
324
2350
166
369
159
1462
194
227
1846
190
1523
77
311
83
844
208
133
2298
265
1827
126
577
79
769
276
206
740
98
503
57
142
8
220
76
139
1044
418
48
279
20
110
38
77
34
91
446
91
288
47
124
6
91
20
67
277
62
135
29
75
4
27
185
185
7
17
144
17
-
291
6
279
90
178
1226
104
1052
24
20
51
899
58
70
11
222
680
64
306
47
1 67
96
142
111
105
61
80
2
28
23
39
1
38
1
4
27
1
_______
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
*
**
Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
Excludes limited-price variety stores.
Workers were distributed as follows: 46 at $27. 50 to $30; 30 at $32. 50 to $35.
Workers were distributed as follows: 5 at $25 to $27. 50; 49 at $27.50 to $30; 268 at $30 to$32. 50; 98 at $32. 50 to $35.
Workers were distributed as follows: 15 at $ 100 to $ 110; 26 at $ 110 to $ 120; 4 at $ 120 to $ 130; 4 at $ 130 to $140.
Workers were at $32. 50 to $35.
Workers were distributed as follows: 106 at $ 100 to $ 105; 10 at $ 105 to $ 110; 22 at $ 110 to $ 115; 1 at $ 135 to $ 140; 19 at $ 140 to $ 145; 18 at $ 150 to $ 155.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
22
9
18
6
3
2
-
4
29
5
6
_
4
3
1
-
_
2
2
_
12
12
_
_
_
.
_
-
_
„
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
114
T a b le A-2= P ro fe s sio n a l a nd Te c h n ic a l O c c u p a tio n s
( A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s a n d e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n an a r e a
b a s is in N ew Y o r k , N . Y . , b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , F e b r u a r y 1 9 5 4 )
Average
Number
of
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
$
4 5 .0 0
-
-
4 5 .0 0
S ex , o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n
$
Weekly
Weekly
4 0 .0 0
and
(Standard) (Standard)
5 0 .0 0
5 5 .0 0
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
Is
s
S
6 5 . 0 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 125.0C 1 3 0 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 1 5 0 .0 0 1 6 0 .0 0
$
$
$
5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0
-
-
-
-
7 0 . 0Q
6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0
7 5 .0 0
-
-
-
-
8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 0 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 17.5.00 1 3 0 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 AO .00
and
nvpr
M en
D r a ft s m e n , le a d e r
....................... _
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ________________________
C e n tra l o ffic e s
__________________________
601
1 70
282
149
3 8 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
3 7 .0
$
1 3 8 .0 0
1 2 6 .0 0
1 4 4 .5 0
1 3 9 .0 0
D r a ft s m e n , s e n io r
____
M a n u f a c t u r in g _ __________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
_________ __________
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ______________________
S e r v i c e s _ ______________________________
C e n t r a l o f f i c e s ____________________________
2 ,7 2 7
623
1 ,3 7 6
99
1 , 193
728
3 8 .0
3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 7 .0
3 9 .0
3 6 .0
1 0 3 .5 0
9 4 .0 0
1 1 2 .0 0
1 1 0 .5 0
1 1 3 .0 0
9 6 .5 0
_
-
D r a f t s m e n , j u n i o r _____________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
---------------------------------__________________________
C e n tra l o ffic e s
1. 1 22
473
457
192
3 8 ,5
3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 6 .0
7 3 . 00
7 1 .0 0
! 7 6 .0 0
7 1 .5 0
2
2
123
3 9 .5
6 0 .0 0
10
T r a c e r s ________ _____ ___________________________
_
~
_
“
-
-
-
"
“
_
_
-
-
8
S
3
-
"
5
3
2
2
-
27
4
16
7
62
45
14
3
8
8
-
“
-
-
.
-
-
"
6
6
- .
-
■
2
2
-
19
19
-
14
7
1
6
”
11
1
26
22
4
25
6
19 7
31
149
11
138
17
18
—
r
31
-
75
40
12
5
5
23
I ll
24
45
17
13
42
191
73
52
47
66
244
10 5
39
6
28
10 0
268
87
69
4
48
112
278
89
97
6
81
92
274
26
162
1
149
86
276
60
11 5
7
101
101
200
36
135
8
124
29
84
23
40
21
114
61
30
23
16 8
11 0
37
21
76
36
9
31
210
82
90
38
121
33
69
19
93
36
42
15
85
13
66
6
66
16
44
6
12
12
-
2
2
-
.
-
27
7
40
23
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
6
4
2
4
3
1
1
1
1
4
4
-
89
23
24
42
92
18
39
35
163
22
108
33
134
23
99
-
142
5
115
1 15
22
80
1
72
16
54
7
74
73
-
97
12
136
10
115
8
104
11
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
*
-
-
-
55
7
41
7
_
-
53
28
18
7
“
3
-
25
5
14
2
11
6
33
10
15
8
■
_
_
_
..
.
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
73
1
9
8
8
1
.
i
W om en
D r a f t s m e n , j u n i o r ____________________________
N u r s e s , i n d u s t r i a l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) __________
O n e - n u r s e u n it ____________________
M u l t i p l e - n u r s e u n it _____ ________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------- ---------------------------------O n e - n u r s e u n it
__________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ________________________
O n e - n u r s e u n it ____________________
M u l t i p l e - n u r s e u n it ______________
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ______________________
R e t a i l t r a d e 2 __________________________
F i n a n c e * * ______________________________
C e n t r a l o f f i c e s _____________________________
1
2
*
**
98
3 7 .5
6 3 .0 0
2
668
459
209
222
199
374
208
166
91
77
143
72
3 7 .5
3 7 .5
3 7 .0
3 8 .0
3 8 .0
3 7 .5
3 7 .0
3 7 .5
3 8 .0
3 8 .5
3 6 .5
3 5 .5
7 4 .0 0
7 3 .0 0
7 6 .5 0
7 4 .5 0
7 3 .5 0
7 2 .5 0
7 0 .5 0
7 5 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
6 7 .0 0
7 4 .5 0
7 9 .0 0
-
14
-
14
40
12
6
3
4
2
18
18
6
6
12
12
6
-
25
11
14
4
4
19
5
14
10
8
1
2
62
55
7
24
24
35
29
6
5
11
13
3
114
86
28
35
35
73
48
25
16
18
37
6
122
86
36
40
34
74
46
28
14
10
30
8
15 3
108
45
59
54
64
31
33
10
15
26
30
95
44
51
27
17
61
25
36
21
4
23
7
25
13
12
2
2
15
3
12
9
5
8
1
26
17
9
10
10
13
5
8
4
-
18
13
5
11
10
5
2
3
1
-
9
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
H o u r s r e f l e c t t h e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s a n d t h e e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d t o t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
E x clu d e s l im i t e d - p r i c e v a r ie t y s t o r e s .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
O c c u p a t io n a l W a g e S u r v e y , N ew Y o r k ,
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
N . Y . , F e b ru a ry 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s
Ta b le A -3:
M a intena nce and P o w e rp la n t O c c up a tio ns
(Average hourly earnings1 for men in selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New York, N. Y ., by industry division, February 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS O F -
Number
of
W
orkers
O ccupation and in d u stry d iv ision
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Average
hourly Under 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 1 .6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 1 .8 5
earnings
and
$
1 .3 5 under
1 .-40- L A i - 1.5Q-. 1.5.5.. l J i Q . i . i i 5 . U7Q ■1.7,5 X . M - -LJL5_ 1 .9 0
$
2 .0 7
2 . 10
2 .0 6
2 .2 5
1 .9 3
1.87
_
_
2 .1 5
2 .3 0
2 .0 8
2 .1 9
_
_
C a rp e n te rs , m ain ten an ce _________________
M a n u fa c tu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing ________ __________
R e ta il tra d e 2 _______________________
F in a n c e * *
_________________________
S e r v ic e s
___________________________
1 .6 5 5
512
1, 130
37 1
407
218
E le c t r ic ia n s , m ain ten an ce ______________
M a n u fa ctu rin g __________________________
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________
P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
R e ta il tra d e 2 ___
_ . _
F in a n ce * * _ _ . . . .
_ ____
S e r v i c e s _____________________________
1 ,2 7 9
173
167
529
376
2 .0 0
E n g in e e rs , s ta tio n a r y _____________________
M a n u fa c tu r in g ______ ____________________
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________
R e ta il tra d e 2 _______________________
F in a n c e * * ___ ___________ _______
S e r v ic e s _ __ ____ _________________
2 .0 5 2
672
1 ,3 6 9
128
484
626
2 .3 4
2 .1 5
2 .3 9
2 .1 7
2 .0 7
F ir e m e n , sta tio n a ry b o i l e r _______________
M a n u fa c tu rin g __________________________
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________
1 ,5 7 4
567
997
1.7 8
1.8 9
1 .7 2
H e lp e rs , tra d es,- m ain ten an ce ________ _
M anu facturing __ ________ _______ ___
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ___ ____ ________ _
P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
R e ta il tra d e 2 _______________________
F in a n c e * * __
__ -------------------------S e r v ic e s ___________________________
1 .8 1 9
732
1 ,0 8 4
474
M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a to r s , t o o l r o o m ____
M a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________
_
_
1 .9 0 4
_
_
_
_
_
84
84
_
_
-
62
2
_
_
122
_
-
_
-
-
.
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
-
-
-
113
29
84
54
3
51
70
35
35
Ill
4
107
1 .6 9
1 .6 9
176
54
1 .6 8
’ 122
51
339
126
1.67
1 .8 0
1 .7 3
1 .3 8
58
18
40
24
3
6 60
2
11
29
29
_
_
_
_
204
204
2 .1 9
2 .1 9
-
-
110
2
-
2 .2 2
2 .0 5
-
22
_
_
_
_
-
618
2
2 .2 1
11
_
-
-
-
1
34
8
9
11
16
1
42
64
_
64
38
26
_
16
7
9
64
49
15
138
90
45
47
25
251
167
84
36
248
119
129
17
98
14
1
84
39
45
56
68
38
11
45
30
_
4
9
_ ■ 22
36
4
72
47
25
23
-
210
2
93
61
28
33
4
3
55
18
37
3
-
2 .0 5 .2 , _ „,.2^.15. 2 .2 0
10
149
78
71
87
53
33
33
24
9
7
12
22
18
-
46
6
11
1
-
-
164
39
125
135
64
71
14
33
4
148
49
99
101
16
13
43
27
11
8
11
12
319
123
196
_
47
143
83
3
46
31
22
3
90
4
2
59
42
26
2
-
32
48
17
31
_
83
27
56
113
28
85
22
7
50
60
31
29
26
3
59
105
56
48
9
32
178
24
150
153
35
117
144
89
53
36
56
30
22
138
26
6
67
67
199
63
135
125
9
23
70
26
11
12
54
2
22
41
. 41
5
36
_
65
60
5
_
5
_
-
-
-
6
6
2
1
-
5
_
_
-
42
-
50
48
44
3
-
1
16
2
10
$
$
$
2 .1 5 2 .2 0 2 .2 5
2
24
-
16
93
10
56
2
54
26
25
114
53
59
2 .2 5
2 .3 0
103
25
78
36
27
4
82
17
65
39
148
46
$
2 .3 0
$
$
$
$
$
2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0
and
2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 over
24
274
31
243
145
18
-
98
9
89
46
38
-
110
146
104
27
76
7
28
26
15
2
21
102
10
_
30
4
19
69
3
34
74
_
19
5
50
91
3
99
48
51
156
46
109
20
125
58
41
22
1
18
10
12
11
27
13
54
31
9
28
35
145
37
104
15
84
3
-
-
24
24
-
_
-
88
55
36
16
20
10
10
_
_
_
_
■
-
119
14
100
9
7
8
10
6
-
4
-
.
73
5
68
_
_
_
_
91
77
14
5
1
42
25
3
-
19
130
74
56
34
8
22
8
_
-
_
-
72
72
-
_
-
1
1
8
8
29
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
48
47
173
173
2
2
102
102
2
19
19
14
14
20
20
2
.
_
_
122
143
141
63
36
44
44
61
52
52
115
54
20
64
36
35
63
-
54
52
64
-
81
80
124
-
7
7
66
-
16
4
95
_
95
60
12
16
16
3
206
39
167
4
20
122
852
235
617
539
155
4
151
143
93
26
67
59
472
3
469
363
76
58
17
17
83
_
83
73
250
30
10
22
64
42
140
_
140
124
181
3
178
27
50
36
14
149
139
64
37
27
365
303
61
65
57
91
1
1
_
20
8
44
17
27
26
34
1
1
12
36
24
_
2
12
_
_
13
3
2
79
1
113
94
19
14
5
64
26
37
_
65
52
13
3
39
17
10
M e ch a n ics, m ain ten an ce __________________
M a n u fa c tu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing ________ ________ _
P u b lic u t il i t i e s * __ ___________ ____
R e ta il tra d e 2 ________________________
F in a n c e * * _________________________
S e r v i c e s . ___________________________
1 ,7 9 6
1 [ 263
532
118
2 .1 5
2 .1 7
2 .0 9
6
111
122
2 .2 2
163
4
_
4
,
_
_
4
22
22
1
21
2
32
6
12
20
6
_
_
_
_
_
_
20
6
_
10
10
90
72
18
_
74
42
32
1
21
10
17
'
S e e foo tn otes at end o f ta b le .
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
'
62
33
28
12
6
10
8
3
4
1
3
7
2
1
1
29
29
12
16
_
14
_
_
_
_
17
17
86
86
470
29
21
21
19
9
1
17
-
25
25
51
3
48
38
18
_
41
3
3
-
92
rT 73~
95
39
56
_
3
18
43
68
9
9
10
21
111
21
21
-
24
24
3
_
6
8
9
9
.
_
-
46
46
_
.
-
8
10
10
42
13
29
29
18
2
2
"
4
1
116
71
35
2 .1 0
3
3
27
_
27
27
6
8
39
119
74
43
5
36
$
-
13
_
13
13
-
1
69
4
20
1
19
_
37
36
19
17
14
$
2 .0 5
~
2 .0 9
2 .1 4
2 .0 7
2 .0 3
1
-
128
33
95
73
4
18
-
44
166
75
75
_
36
38
6
57
2 .0 0 -
2 .0 0
-
3 ,0 5 1
547
2 ,5 0 3
1 ,7 8 0
~
10
17
16
_
-
1 .9 5
$
-
M e ch a n ics, autom otive (m a in te n a n c e )----M a n u fa c tu r in g __________________________
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * _________________ ___
_
_
_
-
27'
1
16
$
1 .9 5
-
-
1.9 1
6
36
_
30
25
7
18
-
2 .1 1
_
-
1
-
_
.
_
63
2
11
-
2 .2 2
69
13
56
5
36
15
_
_
-
_
24
7
17
_
_
_
44
78
_
6
29
_
2 .2 1
_
_
_
_
_
2
30
14
16
22
1
-
33
-
64
33
31
3
24
4
_
2 .2 3
1
46
46
1
8
990
1
22
34
-
1 . 160
_
147
147
_
132
15
122
M a c h in is ts , m a in te n a n c e __________________
M a n u fa c tu rin g _____________ __________
_
_
_
_
8
30
30
_
27
1
.
4
4
14
14
_
14
$
1 .9 0
64
_
64
61
83
6
77
_
1
22
14
220
12
66
6
3
3
_
10
2
6
30
“
4
_
2
37
37
_
_
_
_
_
251
231
_
_
_
_
“
5
.
20
20
_
_
_
_
'
Occupational Wage Survey, New York, N. Y. , February 1954
U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
116
Ta b le A -3 :
M a intena nce and P o w e rp la n t O c cup ations - C ontinued
(A verage h ourly ea rn in g s 1 fo r m en in s e le cte d occup ations studied on an a re a
b a s is in New Y o rk , N. Y . , by in dustry d iv ision , F eb ru a ry 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O ccupation and in d ustry d iv ision
Number
of
Workers
Average
hourly
earnings
M illw rig h ts_______________________________
M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________
63
54
$
2. 09
2. 06
M an u fa ctu rin g _________________________
455
325
1. 76
1. 77
P a in te r s , m ain ten an ce __________________
Manufacturing
_ __ ____
N on m an u factu rin g _____________________
R e ta il trade 2 ______________________
F in a n ce * * ________________________
1 .9 7 3
238
1 ,7 1 9
113
882
P ip e fitte r s , m aintenance ________________
M an u factu rin g _________________________
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Under 1. 35 1 .4 0 1. 45 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1. 90 1 .9 5 2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80
and
and
$
1. 35 under
1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1 .9 0 1 .9 5 2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 o v er
“
"
"
13
13
3
3
8
8
22
22
“
25
9
32
32
2
2
10
2
1
1
39
5
1
"
_
21
36
32
122
7
114
6
28
16
13
3
3
"
113
17
96
77
110
14
88
5
81
36
8
26
4
22
64
10
54
48
80
2
78
23
49
48
12
33
18
72
43
29
4
22
11
7
4
3
1
3
3
15
9
101
101
19
6
21
21
22
18
25
23
16
5
25
3
26
20
-
29
3
15
12
7 ------ 4
22
26
20
26
12
13
"
24
'
40
3
37
31
3
9
5
37
37
33
”
40
30
-
_
_
5
5
4
4
11
6
6
3
3
-
-
”
"
-
-
~
24
22
92
51
6
4
11
9
9
9
9
9
14
14
55
53
88
17
84
20
82
_
_
~
..
_
"
_
-
280
_
280
99
108
5
103
-
73
_
73
"
334
3
331
275
57
57
33
370
287
2. 18
2. 18
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
2
-
_
-
"
-
-
-
"
P lu m b e rs , m ain ten an ce ________________
M an u factu rin g _________________________
Nonm anufacturing ____________ _____
F in a n c e * * __ ______________________
S e r v ic e s
__________________________
633
58
575
323
143
1.
2.
1.
1.
1.
_
_
_
“
-
13
13
13
20
•20
49
49
44
5
20
-
74
7
67
55
62
-
S h e e t-m e ta l w o rk ers, m a in te n a n c e -------M anufacturing ------------------------------------
90
2. 15
2. 13
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
"
“
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
T oo l-a n d -d ie m a k e r s _____________________
M an u factu rin g _________________________
66
1 ,3 8 8
1 ,3 2 7
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
90
17
88
89
2 .4 1
2 .4 1
_
_
54
54
54
53
53
31
22
.
11
9
39
20
14
“
_
“
_
_
_
1 E xclu d es p rem iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and nightw ork.
2 Exclu d es lim ite d -p r ic e v a rie ty s to r e s .
3
W o rk ers w ere d istrib u te d as follow s: 57 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 3 ; 5 at $ 3 to $ 3 .2 0 ; 8 a t $ 3 .2 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 3 at $ 3 .4 0
to $ 3 . 6 0 .
4 W o rk ers w ere d istrib u te d as fo llo w s: 3 at $ 2 . 80 to $ 3 ; 2 at $ 3 to $ 3 . 20; 65 a t $ 3 . 20 to $ 3 . 4 0 .
5 W o rk ers w ere d istrib u te d as fo llo w s: 8 at $ 0 .9 5 to $ 1 .0 5 ; 29 at $ 1 .0 5 to $ 1 . 15; 38 at $ 1 . 1 5 to $ 1 .2 5 ; 47 at $ 1 .2 5 to $ 1 .3 5 .
6 W o rk ers w ere d istrib u te d as fo llo w s: 26 at $ 1. 15 to $ 1. 25; 34 at $ 1. 25 to $ 1. 35.
* T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding ra ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n, and o th er public u t ilitie s .
* * F in a n ce, in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
8
2
2
“
3
2
2
2
2
2
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
"
65
27
38
33
30
_
30
11
“
143
23
118
13
50
97
7
90
41
46
7
_
7
"
36
20
10
-
3
2
11
-
31
24
60
4
4
4
59
59
16
4
2
20
8
25
"
8
1
"
-
13
13
7
7
1
3
19
9
'
2
8
14
14
12
12
25
25
29
29
66
61
94
92
3
12
2
-
-
"
-
_
_
-
"
_
"
18
18
-
89
22
67
-
3
3
52
52
-
50
50
_
_
_
3
- ------- J
-
~
2
2
10
3
-
2
2
1
3
3
16
_
_
_
_
14
"
-
-
-
124
303
121
260
247
241
289
287
76
76
43
43
57
57
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M o ve m e n t O c c u p a tio n s
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in New York, N. Y . , by industry division, February 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
r_
4. 049
1 ,0 7 6
2 ,9 6 9
334
2, 058
$
1 .5 6
1 .5 9
1 .5 5
1 .6 5
1 .6 0
$
$
$
$
Unde i 0 .9 5 1 .0 0 1 .0 5 1. 10
and
$
0 .9 5 under
1 .0 0 1 .0 5 1. 10 1. 15
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5
o
G uard s --------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g _______ ___________________
N on m an u factu rin g _________________________________
P u b lic u tilitie s *
___________________________
F in a n c e * * _______________________________________
Average
hourly
earnings
in
O ccupation and in d u stry d iv isio n
Number
of
Workers
J L 2 5 . 1 .3 0
95
62
33
66
3
63
53
14
39
62
62
19
3
16
99
19
80
70
19
51
107
19
88
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
42
75
-
209
4
205
32
155
1 .4 0 ■Ju.45- .■L-5.Q ■L.55
329
93
236
-
222
225
41
184
17
158
203
8
195
80
65
219
56
162
3
126
1 .6 0
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2. 00 2 . 10 2 .2 0 2. 30 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0
and
1 .6 0
1 .6 5
1 .7 0
1 .8 0
1 .9 0
2 .0 0
353
191
162
3
J 37
283
75
208
19
124
232
43
189
14
162
519
230
289
23
230
717
79
638
143
495
69
13
56
61
47
12
58
57
1
-
-
50
2333
521
1759
53
44
59
1553
50
53
940
273
643
23
9
15
569
27
24
835
122
6 24
249
25
38
272
40
89
174
76
76
22
11
11
12
20
22
9
1
23
17
6
2
34
-
2 . 10 2 .2 0
2 .3 0
2 .4 0
2. 50 2 .6 0
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
67
59
8
1
2
33
22
3
-
38
1
15
15
3
-
-
-
5
-
2
1
8
-
22
11
11
-
-
-
-
-
over
1
-
.
J a n i t o r s , p o r te r s , and c le a n e r s
( m e n ) ---------------------------------------------------------- 2 0 .6 2 5
4 ,8 9 8
M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________
N onm anufacturing ______________________ 1 5 ,3 1 5
1 ,4 9 7
P u b lic u tilitie s * ____________________
535
W h olesale t r a d e _____________________
2 ,9 1 7
________________________________
R e ta il tra d e 3
F in a n c e * *
_____________________________________
6 ,0 4 3
S e r v ic e s — _____________________________________
4 , 323
412
C e n tra l o f f i c e s __________________________
1 .3 5
1 .3 7
1 .3 4
1 .5 1
1 .3 7
1. 17
1 .5 2
1. 15
1.6 1
J a n it o r s , p o r te r s , and c le a n e r s
(w om en )___________________________________
M anu facturing _________________________
N on m an u factu rin g _______________________
R e ta il tra d e 3 _______________________
F in a n c e * * ___________________________
S e r v i c e s _____________________________
C e n tra l o f f i c e s — --- ------------------------------
9 ,7 9 4
346
9 , 225
378
6 ,2 8 4
1 ,9 4 9
223
1 .2 0
1 .2 8
1. 19
1.1 9
1 .2 2
1 .0 6
1 .4 2
474
11
463
19
72
5 372
L a b o r e r s , m a te r ia l handling --------------------- 1 4 .9 8 7
8 ,0 8 7
M a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________________
6 ,8 1 0
N on m an u factu rin g ----------------------------------P u b lic u t i l i t i e s *
__________________
1, 167
2 ,7 8 0
W h olesale tra d e .............. ..........................
2 ,5 9 5
R e ta il t r a d e 3 --------------- ------------------S e r v i c e s --------------------------------------------129
O rd e r f i l l e r s ----------------- -----------------------------M an u facturin g --------------------------------------N onm anufacturing ---------------------------------W h o lesale tra d e _ __________________
R e ta il tra d e 3
----------------------------------
1602
249
1344
65
103
249
762
165
9
887
281
606
45
55
178
66
262
-
606
228
37.2
12
18
144
141
57
6
1103
239
857
15542
148
194
318
7
7 94
180
600
45
19
102
110
324
14
750
222
501
209
35
89
52
116
27
167 4510
6
88
159 4420
20
46
53 4151
230
57
2
2
845
34
789
15
476
108
22
573
21
516
47
187
10
36
509
27
478
25
330
116
4
183
5
126
18
95
2
52
78
19
52
21
15
90
22
51
1
48
9
5
3
1
2
15
6
9
4
3
-
-
-
-
-
7
17
1
-
352
134
210
4 63
241
221
-
-
7
138
1
5 74
382
188
1
23
162
2
52
131
26
76
140
4
580
374
202
37
40
106
19
348
88
257
66
27
143
13
650
412
232
16
63
135
6
595
370
221
5
76
117
23
588
495
93
25
4
59
-
129
78
51
51
27
14
13
13
108
50
58
38
20
349
27
322
274
44
243
178
65
12
53
171
107
64
39
25
179
78
101
74
21
198
45
153
123
28
156
42
114
51
63
312
88
224
20
204
296
175
121
112
202
90
112
55
20
281
149
129
20
26
385
146
239
48
148
523
394
127
40
85
294
124
167
58
103
4 30
150
277
59
114
410
131
268
113
136
34
25
9
9
65
3
62
62
18
5
13
7
48
22
26
26
53
10
43
43
41
14
25
25
91
58
33
27
73
66
7
7
137
106
31
31
120
97
6
91
91
-
61
20
41
39
19
8
11
8
3
58
58
8
47
89
16
73
20
53
-
138
16
121
38
79
4
90
35
112
17
95
691
311
380
153
153
4
66
57
882
25
857
30
113
694
748
42
7 06
67
378
243
-
-
-
481
17
426
60
282
60
38
1 .6 2
1 .6 2
1 .6 3
1 .7 8
1 .7 7
1 .4 2
1 .2 9
503
422
81
157
68
89
747
399
348
578
377
182
395
197
186
423
271
146
-
-
-
-
-
-
76
5
89
-
80
257
11
68
114
-
40
127
19
4 .4 0 2
1 ,6 4 3
2, 757
1 ,7 5 8
952
1 .6 2
1 .5 2
1 .6 8
1 .6 8
1 .6 9
52
52
-
22
22
66
36
30
30
62
15
47
47
P a c k e r s , ' shipping (m e n )----------------------------M an u facturin g _____________________________________
N on m anufacturing ________________________________
W h o lesale trad e -------------------------------R e ta il tr a d e 3
________________________________
6 ,2 1 0
3 , 105
3 ,0 1 9
1 ,0 4 2
1 ,6 2 4
1 .4 2
1 .4 2
1 .4 2
1 .5 1
1 .3 8
54
22
32
21
5
16
-
-
32
16
537
356
181
100
81
P a c k e r s , shipping (w o m e n ) -----------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________________________
N on m an u factu rin g ----------------------------------R e ta il tra d e 3 ________________________
870
449
415
303
1 .2 5
1.3 1
1 .1 9
1 .2 8
114
14
4 100
-
46
42
4
4
R e ce iv in g c l e r k s ----------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ----------------------------------------N onm anufacturing ______________________
W h olesale tra d e
__________________
R e ta il tra d e 3 -----------------------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------
2. 510
852
1 ,6 4 3
436
1 ,0 5 5
61
1 .6 2
1 .7 2
1 .5 6
1 .8 8
1 .3 8
1.5 1
67
21
971
185
786
5
-
4 344
-
4 437
-
-
"
-
-
-
67
67
-
21
21
-
120
120
-
-
296
-
84
-
1384
384
1000
49
24
279
117
531
-
934
200
728
18
24
299
24
363
6
1197 1272
90
249
1087 1023
10
13
56
297
253
132
525
824
20
-
-
-
2
S e e foo tn otes a t end o f ta b le .
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities,
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1 .3 5
$
2
55
48
6
6
75
14
1144 2867
578
428
671 2229
4 96
28
15
39
83
31
462 1573
90
83
60
45
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
34
-
-
-
-
-
"
"
-
1221
675
546
65
385
82
-
734
534
200
15
177
8
-
1690
816
874
370
70
338
-
308
100
208
5
191
10
-
1778
146
1609
550
850
209
-
135
43
92
1047
482
565
12
479
74
-
6
6
-
130
70
60
47
47
19
19
-
-
-
-
60
-
-
919
919
-
-
-
108
60
48
43
5
371
112
259
227
29
669
462
205
201
4
165
77
88
44
44
321
89
232
193
21
454
56
398
299
93
367
15
352
346
15
16
-
-
_
-
15
15
16
14
-
_
- *
-
8
8
-
346
109
234
46
176
327
216
88
33
45
367
188
168
62
92
389
236
145
120
25
524
286
233
86
147
319
142
164
124
36
92
37
55
40
9
67
48
19
16
9
7
2
52
33
19
19
63
29
34
34
12
12
-
8
6
5
1
3
3
7
3
3
3
3
_
_
-
_
3
3
108
39
67
61
3
141
75
64
4
57
133
89
43
163
77
86
77
61
12
9
-
247
70
177
109
219
134
84
28
56
26
29
9
66
50
20
2
1
-
2
-
-
6
5
36
1
61
17
-
11
-
-
12
80
-
_
-
3
3
_
-
15
15
17
_
_
146
20
126
126
3
-
-
-
-
-
3
3
_
-
3
3
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
_
-
85
51
33
24
3
3
201
40
160
136
14
-
101
32
69
54
38
16
11
5
5
5
6
20
1
-
5
41
2
39
20
6
6
-
-
7
Occupational Wage Survey, New York, N. Y . , February 1954
U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Ta b le A -4 :
C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M o ve m e nt O c cup ations - C ontinued
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in New York, N. Y. , by industry division, February 1954)
O ccupation and in d u stry d iv ision
of
W
orkers
hourly
earnings
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Under 0 .9 5 1. 00 1 .0 5 1. 10 1. 15 1 .2 0 1 .2 5
and
$
“
0 .9 5 under 1 .0 0 1. 05 1. 10 1. 15 1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 1 .6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 . 10 2. 20
1 .3 5
1 .4 0
1 .4 5
1 .5 0
1 .5 5
1 .6 0
1 .6 5
1 .7 0
1 .8 0
1 .9 0
2 . 00
2. 10 2. 20
2 .5 0
$
2 .6 0
2. 50
2 .6 0
and
over
2 .3 0
$
2 .4 0
2. 30 2 .4 0
$
$
$
Shipping c le r k s ____________________________
M an u factu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing----------------------------------W holesale t r a d e _______________ _____
_____________________
R e ta il tra d e 3
1 ,0 4 9
533
505
180
283
$
1 .7 1
1 .7 1
1 .7 0
1 .8 0
1 .6 5
-
5
5
-
"
“
28
28
3
25
-
18
15
3
3
52
17
32
20
12
25
19
6
6
58
16
42
20
22
46
21
25
3
22
34
7
27
27
54
42
12
12
123
80
43
24
64
44
20
3
17
48
28
20
1
126
46
73
32
37
90
38
52
47
5
68
55
12
12
-
67
54
13
4
9
87
23
64
10
54
23
11
12
6
6
5
5
-
1
1
1
24
4
20
20
-
3
3
-
Sh ip p in g -an d -receiv in g c l e r k s ____________
M anufacturing _________________________
N onm anufacturing______________________
1 .4 3 5
610
804
1 .7 1
1 .6 6
1 .7 6
"
_
“
15
15
“
_
~
_
■
_
-
20
20
11
11
•
10
■
99
42
57
100
91
7
59
36
22
99
35
63
49
27
22
117
16
97
49
28
19
263
107
156
131
92
38
254
42
212
100
41
59
21
7
14
20
19
1
3
1
2
12
12
3
3
.
-
T ru c k d riv e r s , lig ht (under lV z to n s )_____
N onm anufacturing______________________
561
364
2 .0 0
1 .8 7
-
-
14
14
20
20
-
11
11
39
37
20
-
133
72
82
70
26
22
65
65
-
21
21
2
“
“
28
28
*9 6
-
1
1
_
-
2
2
_
-
1
1
_
-
T ru c k d riv e r s, m edium (IV 2 to and
including 4 to ns) _______________ ________ _
M anufacturing
_____________________
N onm anufacturing --------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s *
__________________
W holesale t r a d e _____________________
R e ta il tra d e 3
______________________
6 .8 5 3
1 ,8 9 4
4 ,9 4 3
2 ,0 5 8
2 ,3 5 7
286
1 .9 8
1 .9 4
1 .9 9
1 .9 2
2. 10
1 .8 5
-
"
-
-
39
19
20
20
-
-
9
9
-
14
14
"
23
23
-
43
43
-
10
10
-
9
5
4
-
91
79
12
10
62
22
40
27
135
133
2
-
272
139
133
16
91
3
270
206
64
2
15
33
1492
98
1393
941
159
144
2089
188
1887
965
871
46
444
176
268
3
225
21
185
33
152
124
17
"
909
462
447
7
440
■
375
210
164
162
2
357
357
357
-
25
25
-
~
T ru c k d riv e r s, heavy (over 4 to n s,
t r a il e r type) ____________________________
M an u factu rin g --------------------------------- ------Nonmanufa ctu rin g ______________________
1 ,3 1 9
197
1, 116
2. 12
2 .0 7
2 . 12 '
_
-
“
_
-
~
"
_
~
_
-
“
_
“
~
_
“
~
-
_
“
1
1
“
120
120
36
36
84
12
72
81
81
-
99
18
81
25
25
-
773
56
711
24
24
-
76
4
72
■
T ru c k d riv e r s, heavy (ov er 4 to n s, other
5 .2 2 6
than t r a il e r ty p e )_________________________
M an u factu rin g __________________________ r i ,2 3 2
3 ,9 8 2
N on m anufacturing____ _________________
2 .4 1
2 .7 3
2 .2 4
"
-
_
"
“
_
“
-
-
"
_
“
-
-
36
36
■
18
18
■
"
107
107
"
166
49
117
542
29
513
375
66
309
79
65
2
22
10
12
1690
325
1365
T r u c k e r s , pow er (.fo r k lift)________________
M an u factu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing-----------------------------------
879
681
198
2 .0 1
1 .9 9
2 .0 9
_
■
_
"
_
“
_
■
-
_
~
.
"
_
“
_
~
.
“
11
11
-
_
■
14
14
"
64
64
-
85
85
-
26
26
-
119
105
14
125
113
12
70
32
38
61
16
45
88
42
46
27
8
19
18
_
18
_
-
6
_
6
165
165
-
W a tch m e n __________________________________
M an u factu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing----------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s * ______ ____________
W holesale trad e
---------------------------R e ta il t r a d e 3
_________ ___________
_____ ____________ _______
F in a n c e * *
S e r v ic e s __ ___ _
.... .
C e n tra l o f f i c e s ______________ ____ ______
4. 376
1 ,2 0 6
3, 111
533
381
359
1 ,2 6 2
576
59
1 .3 8
1 .3 3
1 .3 9
1 .4 7
1 .3 2
1 .2 1
1 .5 3
1 .1 6
1 .7 3
279
*1 4 6
133
4 62
4 71
71
30
41
20
8
13
314
59
255
19
56
66
114
169
26
143
22
6
3
44
68
266
89
177
2
45
10
12
108
174
82
92
48
3
23
18
128
54
74
1
8
13
33
19
222
75
147
65
37
45
176
42
132
2
14
22
74
20
2
534
59
475
314
69
22
67
3
297
67
2 30
1
54
61
106
8
137
47
90
9
18
12
51
141
81
54
9
2
26
17
6
373
140
230
8
_
_
210
12
3
223
48
162
21
_
3
132
6
13
315
21
283
22
3
9
245
4
11
321
64
249
6
25
3
203
12
8
154
27
124
97
3
2
18
4
3
65
47
15
_
14
1
_
_
3
7
2
5
_
5
-
10
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
10
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
33 1583 7 575
33
9 539
36
■ 1574
-
“
'
Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
Study limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated.
Excludes limited-price variety stores.
Workers were at $0.75 to $0.95.
Workers were distributed as follows: 3 at $0.f>5 to $0.75; 369 at $0.75 to $0.95.
Workers were distributed as follows: 92 at $2.60 to $2.80; 4 at $2.80 to $3.
Workers were distributed as follows: 171 at $2.60 to $3; 79 at $3 to $3.40; 189 at $3.40 to $3.80; 112 at $3.80 to $4.20; 24 at $4.20 to $5.60.
Half of the workers in manufacturing (and one-eighth of the workers in the area) were excluded as nonclassifiable in February 1953, the date of a previous Bureau study in the area.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1
3
4
5
4
7
8
B: Establishment Practices and Supplem entary W age Provisions
Table B-l: Shift Differential Provisions 1
Percent of manufacturing plant workers -
Shift differential
U)
In establishments having
formal provisions for Third or
Second
other
shift
shift
work
work
()
b
Actually working on Second
shift
Third or
other
shift
Total________________________________________
61. 7
48.4
9.6
2. 5
With shift pay differential ______________________
60. 0
47. 3
9.3
2 2
.
Uniform cents (per hour) ____________________
5 cents __________________________________
6 cents __________________________________
7 cents ________________ ________________
l l!z or 8 cents ____________________________
9 cents ----- ---------------------------10 cents _________________________________
11 cents _________________________________
12 or I2 V2 cents __________________________
1334 cents___________________________ __
/
Over 13^4 cents __________________________
32. 3
5 0
.
1.4
1.4
2 7
.
3 7
.
5 5
.
1 1
.
3.0
5.4
3 0
.
19.6
1 0
.
1 3
.
5 1
.
7.0
. 1
.2
. 1
.7
1.0
.4
.3
.7
2.9
.6
Uniform percentage____ _____________________
5 percent ________________________________
7 or 7 V2 percent _________________________
1 0 percent_____________________________
____________
12 or I2 V2 percent__________________________________
15 percent ____________________________________________
26. 5
2.0
2 7
.
15. 8
20. 4
2.3
-
.2
2. 3
12. 9
.4
1. 6
. 3
4. 4
4.9
. 8
(2 )
.9
. 3
. 3
(2 )
-
. 1
-
1 1
.
3.9
5 3
.
. 1
3 0
.
-
-
-
(
2)
.5
.2
-
.5
-
.2
Full day's pay for reduced
-
2. 1
Paid lunch period (not given
first-shift workers)_________________________
Other formal paid differential________________________
1 .0
. 2
5.2
No shift differential________________________________________
1. 8
1. 1
h o u rs
-
()
!
( 2)
. 3
.5
. 3
1 Shift differential data are presented in terms of ( ) establishment policy, and ( ) workers actually employed on late shifts at the time
a
b
of the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy i i met either of the following conditions: ( ) Operated late shifts at the
f t
l
time of the survey, or (2 ) had formal provisions covering late shifts.
2 Less than 0. 05 percent.
Occupational Wage Survey, N ew York, N. Y. , February 1954
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
T a b le
B -2 :
S c h e d u le d
Percent of office workers
Under 35 hours ------------------------35 hours---------------------------- -Over 35 and under 36*/4 hours -----------36V* hours----------------------------Over 36 V4 and under llYz hours----------3 7 V hours----------------------------2
Over 37V2 and under 40 hours------------40 hours------------------------------Over 40 and under 45 hours ---------------45 hours------------------------------ Over 45 and under 48 hours --------------48 hours------------------------------50 hours--------------------------- ---
0
All workers ----------------------------
All
Manu
industries facturing
0
0
Weekly hours
0 .8
53. 1
1 .6
5 8
.
5.7
19.2
2.9
10.7
(
4)
.1
_
(
4)
10 0 .0
_
57. 8
.1
2.4
.2
20.5
5.9
1 2 .2
_
.8
_
_
*
*
Public
Wholesale
trade
utilities *
10 0 .0
_
6 6 .8
.4
.1
16.4
1.5
14. 7
.
_
_
(
4)
10 0 .0
.6
44.9
.
13. 3
2.9
28.7
.7
9. 1
_
0
_
_
-
1
W e e k ly
H o u rs
employed in—
Retail
trade 2
1 0 0 .0
0 .8
5.5
•
14.4
_
43.2
5.4
30. 5
.1
.
_
_
Percent of plant workers employed in—
{Finance ** Services
1 0 0 .0
1.4
52. 7
3 6
.
3.4
15. 7
14. 1
2 .0
7 1
.
(4)
_
.
-
1 0 0 .0
All
Central
Manu
offices industries 3 facturing
10 0 .0
46.2
2.9
7.2
1.9
77. 8
7 1
.
1 .2
2 2 .6
8 .0
3.9
15.9
.1
-
_
_
-
-
3.6
1 .6
_
_
_
-
10 0 .0
0.9
7 3
.
.9
4.5
(
4)
4. 6
.9
69. 8
1.7
3 7
.
.4
3 7
.
1 .6
1 0 0 .0
1.4
15.9
2 .0
9.0
_
.7
.4
Wholesale
Public
trade
utilities *
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_
_
4. 0
_
.7
.6
7 7
.
_
87. 0
1 .0
.7
1.3
.3
.6
_
2. 5
.
80.4
.
2. 7
8.3
1 .6
6 .0
6 6 .2
Retail
trade 2
Services
1 0 0 .0
2
-
-
■
_
3.3
_
17.9
3 5
.
53. 0
1 .1
12. 5
_
7.9
■
.1
.6
_
.8
(
4)
82.8
7.0
2 .8
4. 0
-
Data relate to women workers.
Excludes limited-price variety stores.
Includes data for real estate and central offices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Less than 0.05 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1
2
3
4
Table B-3: Paid Holidays1
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Percent of office workers employed in—
Number of paid holidays
All
Manu
industries facturing
Public Wholesale
trade
utilities *
Retail
trade 2
Finance ** Services
Public
Manu
All
Central
offices industries 3 facturing utilities*
Wholesale Retail
trade
trade 2
Se rvices
All workers --------------------------
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
Workers in establishments providing
paid holidays------------------------Under 5 days ----------------------5 d a y s ------------------;
---------6 days ---------------------------7 days ---------------------------8 d a y s ---------------------------9 days — — — ---— ------------ --- --10 days —--------------------------11 days---------------------------12 days ---------------------------Over 12 days----------------------Workers in establishments providing
no paid holidays----- >
-----------------
9 9 .9
( 4)
( 4)
3. 1
13. 7
1 0 .4
9 .7
1 2 .2
44. 1
6. 6
.1
1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
.1
1 0 0 .0
-
9 8 .2
-
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 0 .0
-
94. 1
4 .6
9 7 .0
7 .4
84. 5
1 0 0 .0
95. 1
7. 6
89. 6
-
-
-
-
-
. 1
-
.1
3 .3
2 0 .2
2 8 .6
1 7 .3
2 0 .0
1 0 .0
.5
.
"
.
4. 1
1 2 .3
1. 6
1. 3
4. 6
74. 7
1. 1
. 1
- 1
.
5 .3
1 0 .9
2 1 .6
1 2 .9
22. 3
2 3 .9
3. 1
.
”
1 .3
7 7 .8
4. 1
3 .2
2 .9
8 .8
-
1 .8
.5
.1
.6
1 0 .1
4 .6
6 9 .2
1 4 .8
-
•
1 2 .0
2 9 .4
1 6 .7
2 .3
1 5 .6
2 3 .0
1 .0
*
1 1 .2
13. 5
13. 6
24. 1
32. 1
5 .5
-
"
21. 6
27. 1
1 3 .9
7. 1
4 .2
15. 6
2 4 .4
18. 8
23. 8
1 2 .2
6 .3
4. 1
1 0 .0
9 .3
3. 8
61. 5
(4)
-
-
-
-
5 .9
3. 0
1 0 .5
26. 1
12. 6
6. 1
1 2 .4
3 2 .2
-
15. 5
'
11. 1
6 5 .3
4 .2
1. 1
-
48. 6
25. 1
8. 1
-
5 .8
1 .4
6. 4
-
-
-
-
4 .9
1 0 .4
Estimates include only full-day holidays.
Occupational Wage Survey, New York, N. Y. , February 1954
Excludes limited-priced variety stores.
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
Includes data for real estate and central offices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Less than 0 05 percent.
.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
**Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1
2
3
4
T a b le
B-4*.
P a id V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P r o v is io n s )
Percent of office workers employed in—
All workers----------------------------
All
industries
Wholesale
Public
Manu
trade
facturing utilities *
Retail
trade 1
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Finance** Services
Central
All
Manu
offices industries 2 facturing
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.7
99.5
11.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Public
Wholesale
trade
utilities *
Retail
trade 1
Services
o
o
o
Vacation policy
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.7
91.9
46. 1
4. 1
36. 8
1 3
.
3 6
.
3 6
.
1.7
.7
.6
100.0
98.7
95. 6
20.4
.9
71. 1
3.2
_
3 1
.
3 1
.
_
_
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.0
97.4
78.0
19.3
_
_
1.6
1.6
-
After 1 year of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations--------•
----------------Length-of-time payment---------------1 week ---------- --- ------------Over 1 but less than 2 weeks--------2 weeks -------------------------Over 2 but less than 3 weeks---------3 weeks -------------------------Percentage payment 3 -------- — ------2 percent ------------------------3 percent ------------------------4 percent ------------------------Over 4 but less than 6 percent-------Flat-sum payment---------- ---------$40 but less than $ 5 0 --------------$50 but less than $ 6 0 --------------Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations----------------------
99.9
6.8
.3
92.5
.1
.2
.2
86.3
1.1
.6
_
99.4
-
-
96.1
1.1
(
4)
o
2
-
(
4)
-
(
4)
.1
_
.
_
.3
“
55.2
4.6
40. 1
_
_
.
“
n
n
n
-
.3
99.5
-'
.'
2
_
~
99.9
13. 0
.2
86.6
.
.1
.1
_
.
“
4. 7
95.3
_
-
.6
4.2
3 8
.
.4
84.4
50.0
1.7
22.9
1 7
.
8.1
5 8
.
2. 5
1.6
.3
1.4
9.8
8.8
1.0
.3
-
1.3
20.3
3.6
70.7
2.9
2.6
-
97. 7
46.9
3.9
46.9
_
_
2 3
.
2 3
.
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
“
"
1.0
After 2 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations ------------------------Length-of-time payment — ------------1 w e e k ---------------------------Over 1 but less than 2 weeks--------2 weeks --------------------------Over 2 but less than 3 weeks-------- 3 weeks -------------------------Percentage payment 3 ----------------2 percent-------------------------3 percent-------------------------4 percent-------------------------Over 4 but less than 6 percent-------Flat-sum payment -------------------$40 but less than $50 --------------$50 but less than $60 --------------Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations--------- ------------ -
100.0
99.9
.8
1.0
95. 7
1.2
1.2
99.7
99.5
3.9
.1
94.4
_
11
.
100.0
100.0
.2
99.8
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(4)
.1
.
-
.
_
_
(
4)
.2
-
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.9
1.1
88.6
8.8
-
_
.3
95.2
1.6
2.9
-
-
-
-
-
99.9
1.4
8.5
90. 0
.
_
.1
.1
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
.
-
.3
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities,
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
100.0
100.0
2.6
_
100.0
100.0
99.7
91.9
16. 0
12.6
56. 8
2.9
3 6
.
3 6
.
.4
.7
1.9
.
_
100.0
_
-
-
-
.6
_
_
-
1
4.2
3 8
.
.4
.3
100.0
84.4
23. 1
10.5
41.0
1.7
8. 1
5 8
.
1.0
1.6
1.8
1.4
9.8
8.8
1.0
98.7
95.6
15.7
.9
75. 8
3.2
_
3 1
.
.
3 1
.
100.0
100.0
10.5
_
80.5
6.4
2.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1.3
100.0
97. 7
.8
_
89.7
7 3
.
_
2.3
_
2.3
_
_
_
99.0
97.4
23.9
36.5
37.0
_
_
1.6
_
_
1.6
_
_
_
1.0
Occupational Wage Survey, New York, N. Y. , February 1954
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
T a b le
B -4 :
P a id V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P r o v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d
Percent of office workers employed in—
Vacation policy
All workers ---------------------------
All
industries
Manu
facturing
Wholesale
Public
trade
utilities *
Retail
trade 1
|
Finance** Services
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Central I
Manu
I
AU
offices |industries 2 facturing
Public
Wholesale
utilities *
trade
Retail
trade 1
Services
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.7
99.5
.8
.1
85.7
12.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.7
91.9
100.0
98.7
95.6
7 1
.
.9
84.4
3.2
.
3 1
.
3 1
.
_
-
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.0
97.4
After 3 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations------ ----------------Length-of-time payment--------------1 w e e k --------------------------Over 1 but less than 2 weeks--------2 weeks -------------------------Over 2 but less than 3 weeks--------3 weeks ---------------- ■
--------Percentage payment3 ----------------2 percent -----------------------3 percent -----------------------4 percent ---------------------- —
Over 4 but less than 6 percent ------Flat-sum payment-------------------$40 but less than $ 5 0 -------------$50 but less than $60 -------------Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations ----------------------
99.9
.4
(
4)
95.0
1.4
3 1
.
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
-
.1
98.9
.9
.
.
.
_
98.9
1.1
.
.
-
(
4)
.3
*
“
100.0
100.0
.2
99.9
99.8
.
-
.2
(4)
.1
-
81.8
13.5
2.2
.
_
_
-
.
94.9
1.6
3.5
.
.
"
99.9
1.2
.
98.4
-
.
100.0
.1
.1
.
-
-
-
“
.2
8.2
3.4
72.5
3.7
4. 1
3.6
.4
.7
1.9
.6
4.2
3 8
.
.4
84.4
11. 7
7 1
.
55. 8
1 7
.
8. 1
5 8
.
1.0
1.6
1.8
1.4
9.8
8.8
1.0
.3
1 3
.
7.4
83.5
6.4
2.6
.
-
97.7
.8
_
84.3
11.1
1.6
2. 3
2. 3
_
12.8
_
83. 3
1.3
1.6
1.6
_
_
1.0
-
After 5 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations-----------------------Length-of-time payment -------------1 week -— ---------------------- — —
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks--------2 weeks ------------------------Over 2 but less than 3 weeks--------3 weeks ------------------------Percentage payment 3 ----------------3 percent -----------------------4 percent -----------------------Over 4 but less than 6 percent------Flat-sum payment------------------- $40 but less than $50-------------$50 but less than $ 6 0 -------------Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations----------------------
.
77.9
8.3
13. 6
(
4)
«
(
4)
-
.6
-
68.2
.1
30.9
.2
100.0
100.0
-
.1
96.5
3.3
96. 1
2.4
1.5
-
100.0
100.0
1.9
_
70.9
4. 6
22.6
-
67. 6
20.5
11.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
-
-
.
-
.1
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.
100.0
100.0
.
(
4)
.1
-
•
(
4)
100.0
100.0
-
100.0
99.9
_
74. 6
25.3
.1
.1
-
.
-
100.0
100.0
-
89.4
1.7
8.9
-
99.7
91.9
1.9
.6
74. 3
5.0
10. 1
3 6
.
.7
2.2
.7
4.2
3 8
.
.4
.3
100.0
84.4
.7
1.4
68.1
2.9
11. 3
5 8
.
1.6
2. 5
1 7
.
9.8
8.8
1.0
98. 7
95.6
7 1
.
81.0
3.2
4. 3
3 1
.
3 1
.
-
1.3
100.0
100.0
_
.
89.0
6.5
4. 5
-
100.0
97.7
_
_
75.4
3.9
18. 5
2. 3
2. 3
99.0
97.4
4.4
90.3
_
2.7
1.6
1.6
-
-
_
-
_
_
_
-
1.0
T a b le
B -4 :
P a id V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P r o v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d
Percent of office workers employed in—
Vacation policy
All workers----------------------------
All
industries
10 0 .0
Manu
Public
Wholesale
facturing utilities *
trade
1 0 0 .0
Retail
trade 1
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Finance ** Services
Central
offices
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.1
8 8 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
All
Public Wholesale
Manu
industries 2 facturing utilities *
trade
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
Retail
trade 1
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
Services
10 0 .0
After 10 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations---------------- -- ----Length-of-time payment--------------1 week---------- ■ -- -- ----------- 2 weeks-------------------------Over 2 but less than 3 weeks--------3 w e e k s ----------------- -------—
4 weeks and over--------------- --Percentage payment3 ----------------3 percent -----------------------4 percent ------------------------Over 4 but less than 6 percent-------6 percent and over---------- -----—
Flat-sum payment ---- ---------------$40 but less than $ 5 0 -------------$50 but less than $ 6 0 -------------—
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations---------------- ------
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
.2
54.4
7 7
.
36.0
1.7
(
4)
(
4)
.
_
(
4)
99.9
99.8
.6
52.8
(
4)
.1
.
.
_
10.9
.9
.
.
.1
_
65.3
1 .1
33.6
.
_
_
1.7
56.4
.
37.6
4.3
.
.
-
1.2
38.4
6 .8
.2
_
40.3
19 .6
40. 1
.
_
-
‘
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
_
65.3
1.7
33.0
-
99.7
91.9
2 .0
63.4
5 1
.
20.3
1 .I
3.6
.7
1.7
.7
.5
4.2
3.8
.4
-
-
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
99.7
91.9
84.4
.7
58. 1
5.0
2 0 .6
(4)
5.8
1 .6
2.5
1 7
.
9.8
8 .8
1 .0
.3
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
98.7
95.6
7 1
.
74.5
3.2
8.3
2.5
3 1
.
3. 1
-
_
64.2
6.4
29.4
.
-
97.7
54.0
_
40.2
3 5
.
2.3
2.3
-
1.3
-
-
98.7
95.6
7 1
.
1 0 .1
3.2
72.7
2.5
3 1
.
3 1
.
-
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
99.0
"97.4
4.4
88.9
3.9
.2
1 .6
1 .6
1 .0
‘
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
99.9
46.0
_
48.8
5.0
.1
.1
-
After 15 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations------------------------Length-of-time payment-------------1 w e e k --------------------------2 weeks ------------------- — ----Over 2 but less than 3 weeks--------3 weeks -------------------------Over 3 but less than 4 weeks--------4 weeks and over-----------------Percentage payment3 ----------------3 percent------------------------4 percent------------------------Over 4 but less than 6 percent-------6 percent and over----------------Flat-sum payment------------------$40 but less than $ 5 0 -------------$50 but less than $ 6 0 -------------Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations -------- r
--------- ----
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.2
18.0
1.0
75.2
.8
4.8
99.9
99.8
.6
27. 1
.8
54.0
17.2
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.1
1 0 .8
.
8 8 .2
.9
35.0
1 .1
62.5
1.3
-
-
.2
-
-
(
4)
(
4)
(4)
.1
-
-
-
-
-
()
*
-
(
4)
-
.1
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), comm unication, and other public utilities.
*■ * F inance, insurance, and real estate.
1.7
36.6
56.0
5.6
•
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
7*4
2 .1
85.2
1 .6
3.7
-
99.9
35. 1
_
56.3
8 .5
.1
.1
-
4.9
_
95. 1
-
-
-
2 .0
38.2
2 .6
47. 1
(
4)
2 .0
3 6
.
.7
1 .1
.7
1 .1
4.2
3.8
.4
.3
1 0 0 .0
84.4
.7
34.6
1.4
47. 7
(
4)
5.8
1 .6
1 .1
1 7
.
1.4
9.8
$ .8
1.0
40.2
2.9
56.8
.1
97.7
39.9
.
49.8
.
-
8 .0
-
2.3
2.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.3
99.0
97.4
4.4
80.7
.
1 1 .6
.
.6
1 .6
1 .6
-
_
1 .0
T a b le
B -4 :
P a id V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P r o v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d
Percent o office workers employed in—
i
Vacation policy
All workers___________________________
All
industries
Manu
facturing
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
Public Wholesale
trade
utilities *
Retail
trade 1
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Finance ** Services
Central
All
Manu
offices industries 2 facturing
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
.1
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
Public Wholesale
trade
utilities *
1 0 0 .0
Retail
trade 1
Services
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
_
_
2. 3
2.3
_
-
99.0
97.4
4.4
80. 7
1 1 .6
.6
1 .6
1 .6
1 .0
After 20 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations----- — ----------------Length-of-time payment--------------1 w e e k --------------------------2 weeks-------------------------Over 2 but less than 3 weeks — ------3 weeks----------- --------------Over 3 but less than 4 weeks--------4 weeks and over-----------------Percentage payment3 ------------ — --3 percent -----------------------4 percent------ T
----------------Over 4 but less than 6 percent-------6 percent and over----------------Flat-sum payment-------------------$40 but less than $50 ------ ------$50 but less than $ 6 0 -------------Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations----------------------
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.2
99.9
99.8
.6
16.4
.9
67.9
.1
14. 5
w
(
4)
(
4)
_
-
26.6
.
50.5
.5
2 1 .6
(
4)
.1
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.2
99.9
99.8
.2
(
4)
.1
.
_
6 .8
.
92.2
.9
_
_
_
-
33.2
1 .1
64.4
_
1.3
.
-
17
.
34.2
.
57.2
6.9
-
5.3
2 .1
66.9
25. 8
.
_
-
99.9
35. 1
52.7
1 2 .1
.1
.1
-
4.9
91.0
4. 1
-
99.7
91.9
2 .0
36.5
2.3
47.4
.7
3.0
3 6
.
.7
1 .1
.7
1 .1
4.2
3.8
.4
8 .8
1 .0
98.7
95. 6
7 1
.
1 0 .1
3.2
72. 7
2.5
3 1
.
3 1
.
.
.
1 0 0 .0
84.4
.7
34. 6
.9
45.2
1 7
.
1 3
.
5 8
.
1 .6
1 .1
1.7
1.4
9.8
34.0
2.9
63. 1
;i
-
97.7
32.4
55. 1
10 .2
-
-
-
-
-
.3
-
1.3
-
-
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
99.7
91.9
1 0 0 .0
98. 7
95. 6
7 1
.
1 0 .1
3.2
68.5
6.7
3 1
.
3.1
-
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
After 25 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations-----------------------Length- of-time payment-------------1 w e e k ---- --------------------2 weeks----------- -------------Over 2 but less than 3 weeks-------3 weeks------------------------Over 3 but less than 4 weeks-------4 weeks and over-----------------Percentage payment3 ----------------3 percent -----------------------4 percent -----------------------Over 4 but less than 6 percent-------6 percent and o v e r ---------------Flat-stun payment------------------$40 but less than $ 5 0 -------------$50 but less than $60 — — ----------Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations------ --------------
.6
15.2
.1
47.2
.1
37.2
«
W
(
4)
(
4)
-
24.9
51. 1
.5
22. 7
(
4)
.1
.2
(
4)
.1
-
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.1
6 .6
_
89.4
_
3.8
-
33.2
1.7
3U.2
27.8
40.3
-
.6
54.8
_
11.4
-
4.0
29.3
6 6 .7
-
i
|
Excludes limited-price variety stores.
Includes data for real estate and central offices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Percent of annual earnings.
Less than 0.05 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1
2
3
4
99.9
34.9
43. 6
21.4
.1
.1
-
2^9
65.4
31.7
-
2 .0
36.0
2.3
40.9
.7
1 0 .0
3 6
.
.7
1 .1
.7
1 .1
4.2
3.8
.4
.3
84.4
.7
34.2
.9
43.7
1.7
3.2
5 8
.
1 .6
1 .1
1 7
.
1.4
9.8
8 .8
1 .0
1 3
.
34.0
2.9
53.7
_
9.4
-
97.7
31. 7
_
30.3
_
35. 7
2. 3
2. 3
-
99.0
97.4
4.4
79. 8
_
12. 5
_
.7
1 .6
1 .6
_
1.0
T a b le B-5:
H e a lt h , In s u ra n c e , a n d P e n s io n
P la n s
Percent of office workers employed in—
Type of plan
All workers — — ------------------------
All
Manu
industries facturing
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
Public
Wholesale
utilities *
trade
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
Retail
trade 1
10 0 .0
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Finance ** Services
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
AH
Manu ‘ Public
Wholesale
Central
offices industries facturing utilities *
trade
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
Retail
trade 1
1 0 0 .0
Services
10 0 .0
Workers in establishments providing:
Life insurance — . -------------------—
Accidental death and dismemberment
insurance -------------------------Sickness and accident insurance3 ------Sick leave ( u l pay and no
fl
waiting period)------- — ------------Sick leave (partial pay or
waiting period)--------------- -----Hospitalization insurance-- ---- -----Surgical insurance------------------Medical insurance — -- ---------- ---Catastrophe insurance — ---- — ----- --Retirement pension-- -- --- -— -------Health, insurance, or pension plan
not listed above --------------------No health, insurance, or pension
plan---- —
___ ___________
89.8
86.7
97.8
85.7
79.5
93.4
79.3
93.7
91.5
93.0
9 6 .0
93.3
87.3
84.7
38.3
46.7
51.3
40.5
35.0
24.3
44. 1
48.8
41*4
51.3
35.2
54.9
32.7
29.5
34. 1
58.3
41.5
67.0
40. 1
77.3
34. 6
24.8
53.7
58.9
40.3
6 6 .0
53.9
78.7
43.3
55.2
73.4
34.3
34.0
37.2
36.4
44.3
19. 3
13.0
28.3
53. 4
2 1 .8
1 2 .0
3.7
67.6
65.3
44. 1
6.5
74.0
3 1
.
8.7
43.0
40.8
4.7
62.8
63.3
27.5
(
4)
74. S
71.5
56.2
13.8
87. 5
46.4
39.2
30. 6
*
48.2
9.6
81.2
78.3
52.7
4.2
90.7
10.5
83.0
79.0
48,2
1.3
61.3
3.9
91.9
45. 1
49.5
43.5
25. 1
3.6
81. 1
4 1
.
81.8
76.7
42.5
4. 1
90.7
82.0
48.4
4. 1
48.9
3.3
77.0
79.0
50.6
65.5
8.4
93.4
80.5
44. 5
11.7
40.5
2 .2
73.4
41.7
1.3
1.9
8.5
2.3
.
.
2 .6
1.4
.2
6.9
1.4
.3
6 6 .8
»
53.0
2 9 .0
3.4
8 6 .6
3.6
1.9
4.9
.7
*
.2
2. 5
8 8 .6
56.9
_
60.6
•
2 .2
-
51. 6
.9
-
70.4
.3
1 1 .1
Excludes limited-price variety stores.
Occupational Wage Survey, New York, N. Y., February 1954
j Includes data for real estate and central offices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
Excludes plans which met only the minimum requirements of the State law as to benefits or employer contributions.
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Less than 0.05 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
JL/5D
T a b le B - 6 :
O v e r tim e P a y P ra c tic e s
Percent of plant workers employed in— •
Percent of office workers employed in—
Overtime policy
All w o r k e r s
_______
_
_________
All
Manu
industries facturing
_______
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
Whole sale
Public
utilities *
trade
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
Retail
trade 1
10 0 .0
Finance **
10 0 .0
Services
1 0 0 .0
Wholesale
All
Manu
Public
Central
trade
offices industries 2 facturing utilities *
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
Retail
trade 1
1 0 0 .0
Services
1 0 0 .0
Daily overtime
in establishments providing
p a y ________________________
Time and one-half______________ ____
Effective after leas than 8 hours
Effective after 8 hours
Effective-after more than 8 hours____
Double time
_
___
_ -....
Other3 ______
__ _
_
_ _
Workers in establishments providing
no premium pay or having no policy______
W orkers
p rem iu m
27.3
20.7
14.5
34.5
10.5
6 .2
8 .8
20.7
9.8
5.2
4.6
_
_
10.9
_
6.5
2.3
24.0
39.9
79.3
72.7
65.5
6 8 .6
94.4
68.4
40.5
28.0
_
2.4
23.5
97.6
24.5
15.3
9. 1
.i
_
73.1
89.4
30.8
18.5
12.4
_
58.5
“
5.6
2.4
10 .6
37.0
19.9
12.5
7.4
_
.1
16.9
58.8
40.7
32.8
7.9
_
_
18.1
66.7
29.2
7.1
37.5
2 1 .6
63.0
41.2
33.3
60.6
96.9
30.4
18. 1
12.3
(
4)
97.0
32.9
!4
96.3
44.7
30.9
13.8
_
_
51.6
3.1
3.7
2 2 .0
_
-
39.4
17.8
14.0
3.8
_
-
6 0 .1
48.9
28.3
20.7
_
2*4
8 .2
82.5
73.7
12.3
59.6
90.0
74.2
21.3
52.8
_
15.9
85.6
78.9
2.5
76.3
_
6.7
89.2
88.7
7.1
81.6
17.5
1 0 .0
14.4
1 0 .8
95.9
91.9
15.4
69.2
7.3
_
4.0
97.9
93.8
•24.9
68.9
_
4. 1
85.6
83.4
2.5
78.2
2.7
-
99.5
93.8
7.0
2 .1
14.4
1.8
_
8.7
-
.5
6 8 .6
64.5
12.7
44.6
7.2
-
69.8
69.3
.1
6 6 .1
3.1
-
4. 1
.5
31.4
30.2
Weekly overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium pay __
_
Time and one-half___________________
Effective after less than 40 hours
Effective after 40 hours ___________
Effective after more than 40 hours___
Double time________________________
Other3 ____ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ _
Workers in establishments providing
no premium pay or having no policy _ _
1
2
3
4
*
**
66
8 .8
24.1
-
64.0
3.0
1 0 0 .0
31.4
18.2
13.1
-
1 0 0 .0
13.6
11.4
2.3
_
-
86.4
4.1
2 .2
8 6 .8
-
5.7
.5
1 0 0 .0
92.6
2 0 .2
45.1
27.3
7.4
~
94.2
93.2
.5
8 6 .1
6.5
1 .0
5.8
Excludes lim ited-price variety stores.
Includes data for real estate and central offices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes provisions for a specified number of overtime hours at either ( l) no pay, (2) regular rate, or (3) a premium rate; and premium pay at another rate thereafter.
L ess than 0 .0 5 percent.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Occupational Wage Survey, New York, N . Y . , February 1 9 5 4
U .S . DEPAR TM EN T OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
T a b le
B -7 :
R a te o f P a y f o r H o lid a y W o r k
Percent of office workers employed in—
Pay provisions
All workers
_
. ..
. ..
Workers in establishments with pay
provisions for work on paid holidays 3 ___
Regular rate only
____
_
Time and one-half
Double time
_
_
Double time and one-half
Triple time
_ _ _
Equal time off_____________________
Other plan _
_
__
All
Manu
industries facturing
1 0 0 .0
75.4
(
4)
1.5
29.7
28.3
3.8
4.5
7.6
Workers in establishments with no
formal policy _
_
_
24.5
Workers in establishments with no
paid holidays
.1
10 0 .0
Whole sale Retail
Public
trade
utilities ♦
trade 1
10 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10 0 .0
Finance ♦♦
1 0 0 .0
Services
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
10 0 .0
Public
Wholesale
utilities ♦
trade
1 0 0 .0
82.8
84.4
83.2
.
1.4
52.4
21.7
3.8
_
1.3
46.4
25.3
6 .5
.3
63.4
18.8
1.7
9.8
34.7
27.5
9.2
.1
89.7
72.5
60.7
73. 1
72.9
83.6
6.7
24.7
19.9
55.7
28.0
1 .0
_
31.1
3.0
40.8
13.4
2 .0
6 .0
.1
.1
8.7
46.3
6 .1
.2
2 .8
6.4
6 .2
2 .0
_
10.7
6.3
2.9
5.6
-
2.9
9.0
4.7
.8
6 .1
1.5
10.3
2.4
3.2
.3
37.5
26.9
27.1
16.4
11.5
14.2
-
5.9
3.0
25.8
1 0 .1
.2
33.8
2 2 .6
1.7
3.3
1 0 .0
27.5
1 1 .0
1.8
62.6
10.4
1 0 0 .0
82.6
74.2
Excludes limited-price variety stores.
Includes data for real estate and central offices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately
Includes holiday pay and rate for work on paid holiday.
4 Less than 0.05 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
♦♦Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1
2
3
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Central
Ail
Manu
offices industries2 facturing
-
15.6
Retail
trade 1
1 0 0 .0
Services
1 0 0 .0
77.3
80.8
1.6
62.9
15.5
1.4
.5
.4
57.6
1 1 .0
2 .0
.
7
2.4
4.0
1 6 .8
17.7
4.9
8 .8
10.4
Occupational Wage Survey, New York, N. Y. , February 1954
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
IZ tt
T a b le B - 8 :
W a g e S tru c tu re
C h a r a c te ris tic s a n d L a b o r- M a n a g e m e n t A g re e m e n ts
Percent of office workers employed in—
Item
All
Manu
industries facturing
Public
Wholesale
utilities *
trade
Retail
trade 1
Percent of plant workers employed in—
Finance ** Services
All
ManuCentral
offices industries2 f
actur ing
Wholesale Retail
Public
trade
utilities *
trade 1
Services
W A G E STRU C T U R E F O R TIMERATED WORKERS3
All wprkers _
_
100
Formal rate structure
Single rate _ ____ _ _ _ _ _
_
Range of rates _ _ ____ _
_
Individual rates
_ ..
_ .
.
.
63
2
61
37
100
44
7
36
56
100
81
100
42
100
100
100
70
43
70
30
37
57
58
1
1
_
81
19
41
58
58
42
n
6
100
1
1
ioo
85
.
80
85
41
39
20
15
100
73
41
32
27
100
99
9
90
1
100
77
45
33
23
100
71
30
41
29
100
82
61
21
18
M E T H O D OF W A G E P A Y M E N T F O R
PLANT WORKERS
All workers
Time workers
_
_
..,
..
_
. _
. _
DATA
NOT
COLLECTED
100
.
.
80
In c e n tiv e w o rk e r s
20
10
Piecework
_
Bonus w o r k _________________ ; _____
Commission
LAB O R - M A N A G E M E N T A G R E E M E N T S
100
70
30
100
86
100
92
14
(4)
8
1
100
84
16
100
87
13
7
4
22
8
6
ft
14
7
15
5
90
87
76
57
80
1
1
1
5
Workers in establishments with agreements
covering a majority of such w o r kers____
13
20
63
9
32
9
4
I
81
Excludes limited-price variety stores.
Includes data for real estate and central offices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Estimates for office workers are based on total office employment, whereas estimates for plant workers are based on time-rated employees only.
Less than 0.5 percent.
Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category. The estimates so
obtained are not necessarily representative of the extent to which a workers in the area may be covered by provisions of labor-management agreements due to the exclusion of smaller size establish
ll
ments .
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Occupational Wage Survey, New York, N. Y. , February 1954
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1
2
3
4
5
APPENDIX:
JOB
DESCRIPTIONS
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to
a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under
a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment
and from area to area.
This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage
rates representing comparable job content.
Because of this emphasis on inter establishment and
interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureaufs job descriptions may differ signifi
cantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes.
In
applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field representatives are instructed to exclude work
ing supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-tim e,
temporary, and probationary workers.
O ff i c e
BILLER, MACHINE
Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other
than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records
as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work in
cidental to billing operations.
For wage study purposes, billers,
machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows:
B iller, machine (billing machine) - Uses a special billing
machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which
are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and
invoices from custom ers1 purchase orders, internally prepared
orders, shipping memoranda, etc. Usually involves application
of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of
necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the
billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated
by machine.
The operation usually involves a large number of
carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a
fanfold machine.
Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) - Uses a bookkeeping
machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which
may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers1
bills as part of the accounts receivable operation.
Generally
involves the simultaneous entry of figures on custom ers1 ledger
record.
The machine automatically accumulates figures on a
number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints auto
matically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowl
edge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of
sales and credit slips.
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott
Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or with
out a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - Continued
Class A - Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of
and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with
the structure of the particular accounting system used.
Deter
mines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items
to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated
reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand.
Class B - Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections
of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic
bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll,
custom ers1 accounts (not including a simple type of billing described
under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution,
inventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial
balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
CLERK, ACCOUNTING
Class A - Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account
ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com
plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish
ment's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing
subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or ac
counts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with
proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and experience
in making proper assignations and allocations.
May assist in
preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; may direct class
B accounting clerks.
Class B - Under supervision, performs one or more routine
accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers,
accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers;
reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled
by general ledgers.
This job does not require a knowledge of
accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in
which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a func
tional basis among several workers.
1 3 U
CLERK, FILE
Class A - Responsible for maintaining an established filing
system. Classifies and indexes correspondence or other material;
may also file this material. May keep records of various types
in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating
material in the files.
May perform incidental clerical duties.
Class B - Performs routine filing, usually of material that
has already been classified, or locates or assists in locating m ate
rial in the files.
May perform incidental clerical duties.
KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR
Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi
bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards
by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence,
using an alphabetical or a numerical key-punch machine, following
written information on records.
May duplicate cards by using the
duplicating device attached to machine.
Keeps files of punch cards.
May verify own work or work of others.
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
CLERK,
ORDER
Receives custom ers1 orders for material or merchandise by
mail, phone, or personally.
Duties involve any combination of the
following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet
listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities
of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective depart
ments to be filled.
May check with credit department to determine
credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from cus
tomers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file
of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders.
CLERK, PAYROLL
Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces
sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers1
earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data
on payroll sheet, showing information such as workerrs name, work
ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due.
May make out pay checks and assist paymaster in making up and dis
tributing pay envelopes.
May use a calculating machine.
COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe
matical computations.
This job is not to be confused with that of
statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of
a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to
performance of other duties.
Performs various routine duties such as running errands,
operating minor office machines such as sealers or m ailers, opening
and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work.
SECRETARY
Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an
administrative or executive position« Duties include making appoint
ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering
and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confi
dential m ail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative;
taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in
shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dicta
tion or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine.
May prepare special reports or memoranda for information of superior.
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons,
either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ilar machine, involving a
normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a type
writer. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep
files in order, keep simple records, etc.
Does not include tran
scribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator).
DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)
STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL
Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon
sibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwriting
matter, using a mimeograph or ditto machine.
Makes necessary
adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed.
Is not required to prepare stencil or ditto m aster. May keep file of
used stencils or ditto m asters. May sort, collate, and staple com
pleted material.
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons,
either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ilar machine, involving a
varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or
reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a
typewriter.
May also type from written copy. May also set up and
keep files in order, keep simple records, etc.
Does not include
transcribing-machine work.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL - Continued
Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard.
Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office
calls.
May record toll calls and take m essages.
May give infor
mation to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders.
For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist.
type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers tran
scribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabu
lary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not
included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype
or sim ilar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.
TYPIST
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi
tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also
type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This
typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker ls time
while at switchboard.
Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to
make out bills after calculations have been made by another person.
May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keep
ing simple records, filing records and reports or sorting and distrib
uting incoming m ail.
Class A - Performs one or more of the following: Typing
material in final form from very rough and involved draft; copy
ing from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and
varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreign-lan
guage copy; combining material from several sources, or plan
ning layout of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity
and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final
form .
May type routine form letters, varying details to suit
circumstances.
TABU LA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Operates machine that automatically analyzes and translates
information punched in groups of tabulating cards and prints trans
lated data on forms or accounting records; sets or adjusts machine;
does simple wiring of plugboards according to established practice or
diagrams; places cards to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts
machine. May file cards after they are tabulated. May, in addition,
operate auxiliary machines.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
Class B - Performs one or more of the following: Typing
from relatively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of form s,
insurance policies, etc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or
copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly.
Prim ary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal
routine vocabulary from transcribing machine records.
May also
Professional
DRAFTSMAN,
JUNIOR
(Assistant draftsman)
Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts
man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur
poses.
Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May pre
pare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties
under direction of a draftsman.
a nd
Technical
DRAFTSMAN,
LEADER
Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep
aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary
sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes.
Duties involve a combination of the following;
Interpreting blue
prints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work pro
cedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work;
performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during
emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties
of a supervisory or administrative nature.
132
DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continued
Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes,
rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu
facturing purposes.
Duties involve a combination of the following:
Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, e tc .,
to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computa
tions such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and
trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to
be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or
changes in drawings or specifications.
May ink in lines and letters
on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or
trace drawings.
Work is frequently in a specialized field such as
architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting.
environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and
safety of all personnel.
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured
employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on
the premises of a factory or other establishment.
Duties involve a
combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured;
attending to subsequent dressing of employees ' injuries; keeping records
of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or
other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations
of applicants and employees; and .planning and carrying out programs
involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant
Maintenance
CARPENTER,
and
MAINTENANCE
Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and
maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins,
cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings,
and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of
the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw
ings^m odels, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter!s
handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments;
making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work;
selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of
the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience
usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train
ing and experience.
ELECTRICIAN,
MAINTENANCE
Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the
installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating,
distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment.
Work involves most of the following; Installing or repairing any of a
variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers,
switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units,
For wage study purposes,
as follows:
industrial nurses are classified
Nurs-e, industrial, one-nurse unit - A registered nurse, in an
establishment that does not employ a nursing supervisor or head
nurse on the same shift, who has the responsibility for decisions
regarding care of ill or injured persons under general medical
direction.
Nurse, industrial, multiple-nurse unit - A registered nurse
who gives nursing care and treatment to ill or injured persons
under the general direction of a physician and the immediate
supervision of a nursing supervisor or head nurse.
TRACER
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing
tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil.
Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools.
May prepare
simple drawings and do simple lettering.
Powerplant
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE - Continued
conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blue
prints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diag
nosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard
computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical
equipment; using a variety of electricianrs handtools and measuring
and testing instruments.
In general, the work of the maintenance
electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation
of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup
ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera
tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves:
Operating and maintaining
equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, m o
tors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers
and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a
record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consump
tion. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers
in establishments employing more than one engineer
are
excluded.
FIREM AN, STATION ARY BOILER
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which
employed with heat, power, or steam.
Feeds fuels to fire by hand
or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water
and safety valves.
May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment,
Repairs automobiles, busses, motortrucks, and tractors of
an establishment.
Work involves most of the following: Examining
automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling
equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in dis
assembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from
stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the
various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments;
alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts.
In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded
training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice
ship or equivalent training and experience.
HELPER,
TRADES, MAINTENANCE
A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance
trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such
as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning work
ing area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding m a
terials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by jour
neyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies
from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to sup
plying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working
areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine
operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers
on a full-tim e basis.
M ACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR,
TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine
tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine
lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools,
gauges, jig s, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following:
Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing
items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy;
using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds,
speeds, tooling and operation sequence; making necessary adjustments
during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May
be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools,
and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils.
For
cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom,in tool-and-die jobbing shops are excludedfrom this classification.
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs
of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment.
Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instruc
tions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a va
riety of m achinists handtools and precision measuring instruments;
setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal
parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relat
ing to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining;
knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting
standard m aterials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fit
ting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the
m achinists work normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.
MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establish
ment.
Work involves most of the following: Examining machines
and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling
or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly
involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing
broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the
production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of
the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written
specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered
from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary
adjustments for operation.
In general, the work of a maintenance
mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties
involve setting up or adjusting machines.
MILLWRIGHT
Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and
installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant lay
out are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and
laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications;
using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com
putations relating to stresses, strength of m aterials, and centers of
gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools,
equipment> and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good
order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed re
ducers. In general, the m illw rights work normally requires a round
ed training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
OILER
Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing
surfaces of mechanical equipment of an establishment.
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
SH EE T-M E T AL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an
establishment.
Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface
peculiarities and types of paint required for different applications;
preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing
putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray
gun or brush.
May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint
ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency.
In general, the
work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and ex
perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans,
shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing)
of an establishment. Work involves most of the following; Planning
and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blue
prints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all
available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of
handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and a ssem
bling; installing sheet-metal articles as required.
In general, the
work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded train
ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship
or equivalent training and experience.
PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe
and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the follow*
ing: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from
drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe
to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or
pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe
by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with cou
plings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computa
tions relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; making
standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifica
tions.
In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Workers pri
marily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heat
ing systems are excluded.
PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order.
Work involves; Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of
vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and
fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake.
In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded
training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice
ship or equivalent training and experience.
Custodial
a nd
TOOL-AND-DIE MAKER
(Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker; fixture maker; gauge maker)
Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jig s, fix
tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-form ing work.
Work involves most of the following; Planning and laying out of work
from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifi
cations; using a variety of tool-and-die m aker's handtools and precision
measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of
common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools
and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating
to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools
and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances;
fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances;
selecting appropriate m aterials, tools, and processes.
In general,
the tool-andrdie maker's work requires a rounded training in machineshop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal appren
ticeship or equivalent training and experience.
For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool-and-die makers
in tool-and-die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.
Material
GUARD
Movement
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER
(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)
Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on
tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary.
In
cludes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of
employees and other persons entering.
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas
and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or com
m ercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the
JANITOR, PORTER,
OR CLEANER - Continued
following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; re
moving chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture,
or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies
and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and
restroom s. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded,
SHIPPING-AND-RECEIVING CLERK - Continued
May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment.
Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying
the correctness o i shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other
records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing
merchandise or materials to proper departments; maintaining neces
sary records and files.
LABORER, M ATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker;
stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)
A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant,
store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of
the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchan
dise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices;
unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper
storage location; transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck,
car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are
excluded.
ORDER FILLER
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)
F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from
stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips,
custom ers1 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling
orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing
orders, requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to super
visor, and perform other related duties.
PACKER, SHIPPING
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing
them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being
dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the
type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires
the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or
more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order
to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container;
inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to
prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; applying
labels or entering identifying data on container.
Packers who also
make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
SHIPPING-AND-RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is re
sponsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other m aterials.
Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, prac
tices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and pre
paring records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, post
ing weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records.
For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:
Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping-and-receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport
m aterials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of
establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, ware
houses, wholesale and retail establishments> or between retail estab
lishments and custom ers1 houses or places of business.
May also
load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical
repairs, and keep truck in good working order.
Driver-salesm en and
over-the-road drivers are excluded.
For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size
and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on
the basis of trailer capacity.)
Truckdriver,
Truckdriver,
Truckdriver,
Truckdriver,
light (under l l tons)
!z
medium (lYa to and including 4 tons)
heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
TRUCKER, POWER
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered
truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about
a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.
For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of
truck, as follows:
Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
WATCHMAN
Makes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property
against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
RELATED
PUBLICATIONS
AVAILABLE
Bulletins for Sale
Order BLS Bulletins from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing
Office, Washington 25, D. C.
Send check or money order, payable to the Superintendent
of Documents.
Currency sent at sender1s risk.
A sales office for BLS Bulletins is also
maintained at the Bureau’ s Mid-Atlantic Regional Office, Room 1000, 341 Ninth Avenue,
New York 1, N. Y.
No.
1113
Wages and Related Benefits, 40 Labor Markets,
1951-52.
35 cents.
No.
1116
Wages and Related Benefits,
1952-53.
55 cents.
Includes the following areas:
New England:
Boston
Hartford
Providence
Worcester
Middle Atlantic:
Albany - Schene ctady - T r oy
A ll entown - B ethl e he m
Buffalo
Newark-Jersey City
New York City
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Rochester
Scranton
Trenton
South:
Atlanta
Birmingham
Houston
Jacksonville
Memphis
New Orleans
No rf oik - Po rt s mouth
Oklahoma City
Richmond
Middle West:
Chicago
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Detroit
Indianapolis
Kansas City
Louisville
Milwaukee
MinneapolisSt. Paul
St. Louis
Far West:
Denver
Los Angeles
Phoenix
Salt Lake City
San FranciscoOakland
Seattle
20 Labor Markets,
Includes the following areas:
New England:
Boston
Providence
Middle West:
Chicago
Cleveland
Kansas City
Milwaukee
MinneapolisSt. Paul
St. Louis
Middle Atlantic:
Buffalo
Newark-Jersey City
New York City
Philadelphia
Far West:
Denver
Los Angeles
Portland
San FranciscoOakland
South:
Atlanta
Baltimore
Dallas
Memphis
Appendix: Occupational Wage Differentials
No. 1135
Wage Differentials and Rate Structures Among 40
Labor Markets, 1951-52.
20 cents.
Include s:
Wage Differences
Occupational Wage Differentials
Wage Formalization
Related Wage Practices
Extent of Unionization
X
1160
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O
Wages and Related Benefits in the MachineryIndustries.
40 cents.
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Includes:
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Occupational averages and distributions by earnings classes for selected key occupations.
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Summary of prevailing work schedules, shift
differentials, vacations, sick leave, benefit plans,
and other practices.
Trends in wage rates,
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1945-1954.
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Occupational wage relationships.
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Data for the following 20 cities:
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Baltimore
Boston
Chicago
Cleveland
Dalla s
Denver
Detroit
Hartford
Houston
Los Angeles
Milwaukee
Minneapolis
Newark-Jersey City
New York City
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Portland, Or eg.
St. Louis
San FranciscoOakland
Worcester
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U. S. G O V ER N M E N T PRINTING OFFICE : 1954
149
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Address
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