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Wages and Related Benefits
MAJOR LABOR MARKETS

1953-1954

B ulletin

N o . 1157-1

UNITED STATES D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague,

Com m issioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C.




Price 60 cents




L E T T E R

OF

CONTENTS

TRANSMITTAL

P age
U N IT E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R ,
B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s ,
W a s h in g to n , D . C . , F e b r u a r y 26,

I N T R O D U C T I O N ............................................

1

1954,
W A G E S A N D R E L A T E D B E N E F IT S , BY A R E A :

The S ecreta ry o f L abor:
I
h a v e th e h o n o r to t r a n s m it h e r e w ith P a r t I o f a b u lle tin
o n w a g e s an d r e la t e d b e n e fit s in m a jo r la b o r m a r k e t s in th e
U n ited S ta te s .
T h e in fo r m a t io n f o r the s ix a r e a s in c lu d e d in
P a r t I r e l a t e s to th e la t e m o n th s o f 1953.
T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d by m e m b e r s
th e D i v is i o n o f W a g e s a n d I n d u s t r ia l R e la t io n s .
E w a n C la g u e ,
H on .

o f th e

D a lla s , S e p te m b e r 1953 ......................
D e t r o it , O c t o b e r 1953 ...............................................................................
M in n e a p o lis -S t . P a u l, N o v e m b e r 1953 ...................................•••
N e w O r le a n s , N o v e m b e r 1953 .............................
P h ila d e lp h ia , O c t o b e r 1953 ...................................................................
P o r t la n d , O r e g . , S e p te m b e r 1953 . ..................................................

3
21
39
57
73
95

s ta ff o f

C o m m is s io n e r .

A P P E N D IX :

JO B D E S C R IP T I O N S ..............................................................

HO

J a m e s P . M it c h e l l,
S ecreta ry o f L a b or.




IN D E X T O T A B L E S ,

Ill

B Y C I T Y ...................................................................

iv

INDEX

TO

TABLES,

BY

CITY

D a lla s

D e t r o it

M in n e a p o lis St. P a u l

N e w O r le a n s

P h ila d e lp h ia

6
9

24
27
28
29

41
44
45
46

59
61
62
63

76
80
81
83

101

19
20

31
31
32
32
35
36
37

48
49
49
50
53
54
54

65
6?
66
66
69
70
70

85
86
86
87
90
91
92

103
103
104
104
107
108
108

20

38

55

71

93

109

>>>>

O c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s -

.-1
-2
-3
-4

O f fic e o c c u p a t i o n s ............................................................................. ..........
P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s .............................. ..........
M a in te n a n ce and p o w e r p la n t o c c u p a t io n s .............................
C u s t o d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s .................

97
99
100

E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s an d s u p p le m e n ta r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s -

B -1
B -2
B -3
B -4
B -5
B -6
B -7
B -8

S h ift d if fe r e n t ia l p r o v i s i o n s .............................. .......................
S ch e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s .............................................................. ...............
P a id h o lid a y s ....................................................................................
P a id v a c a tio n s ..................................................................................
H ea lth , in s u r a n c e , an d p e n s io n p la n s .................................
O v e r t im e p a y p r o v is i o n s ............................................................ .............
R a te o f p a y f o r h o lid a y w o r k .................................................... .............
W age s t r u c t u r e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s an d l a b o r m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s ......................................................... .............




IV

14

WAGES

AND

RELATED

BENEFITS

Intro duction

MARKETS

Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of
job descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment
variation in duties within the same job (see Appendix for listing of
these descriptions). Earnings data are presented for the following
types of occupations: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and tech
nical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material
movement.
Data are shown for full-tim e workers, i . e . , those hired
to work a full-tim e schedule for the given occupational classification.
Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
Nonproduction bonuses are also excluded, but cost-of-living bonuses
and incentive earnings are included.
Where weekly hours are
reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the
work schedule (rounded to the nearest half-hour) for which straighttime salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupa
tions have been rounded to the nearest 50 cents.

Milwaukee
Newark-Jersey City
New York City
St. Louis
San F ranciscoOakland

Occupational employment estimates refer to the total in till
establishments within the scope of the study and not to the number
actually surveyed.
Because of the great variation in occupational
structure among establishments, estimates of occupational employ
ment are subject to considerable fluctuation due to sampling. Hence,
they serve only to indicate the relative numerical importance of
the job studied. The fluctuations in employment do not materially
affect the accuracy of the earnings data.

In each area, data are obtained by personal visits of Bureau
field agents to representative establishments within six broad indus
try divisions:
Manufacturing; transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail
trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
Major
industry groups excluded from these studies are government insti
tutions and the construction and extractive industries.
Establish
ments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers were also
omitted since they furnish insufficient employment in the occupations
studied to warrant in clu sio n .2 Wherever possible, separate tabu
lations are provided for the individual broad industry divisions .

Establishment Practices and Supplementary* Wage Provisions
Information is also presented on work schedules, wage
structure characteristics, labor-management agreement coverage,
and selected supplementary benefits as they relate to office and
plant workers. The term , "office workers”, as used in this bulletin
includes all office clerical employees and excludes administrative,
executive, professional, and technical personnel. "Plant workers”
include working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including
leadmen and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. Administra
tive, executive, professional, and technical employees, and force
account construction employees who are utilized as a separate work
force are excluded. Cafeteria workers and routemen are excluded
in manufacturing industries but are included as plant workers in
nonmanufacturing industries.

These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because
of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments,
and to ensure prompt publication of results. To obtain appropriate
accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of
sm all establishments is studied. In combining the data, however,
all establishments are given their appropriate weight. A ll estimates
are presented therefore as relating to all establishments in the
industry grouping and area, excluding only those below the minimum
size studied.

1 A listing of the reports issued for labor markets surveyed
earlier is available in ’’Directory of Community Wage Surveys” ;
copies are available upon request from the Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics, Washington 25, D. C . , or any of its five regional offices.
2 See table following text for each area for m inim um -size
establishment covered in these studies.



LABOR

Occupational Earnings

During the past several years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics
has conducted areawide surveys of earnings in major occupations
that are common to various manufacturing and nonmanufacturing
industries.1 Information is also compiled on weekly work schedules
and supplementary wage practices. Seventeen major labor markets
were selected for study during late 1953 and early 1954.
Infor mation on six of these areas is presented in this bulletin (Part l).
Parts II and III, to be issued within the next few months, will
contain data for 11 additional areas:

Atlanta
Boston
Chicago
Denver
Los Angeles
Memphis

MAJOR

With reference to wage structure characteristics (table B-8),
all tim e-rated workers (plant or office) in an establishment are
classified according to the predominant plan applying to these
workers.
Whereas the proportions of time and incentive workers
1

2

directly reflect employment under each pay system, technical con
siderations required that the breakdown of incentive-worker employ
ment according to type of incentive plan be based on the predominant
plan in each establishment.
Shift-differential data are limited to manufacturing indus
tries.
This information is presented both in term s of (ay estab
lishment policy3 and (b) effective provisions for workers actually
employed on extra shifts at the time of the survey.
Tabulations
relating to establishment policy are presented in term s of total
plant worker employment; estimates in the second tabulation relate
only to those workers actually employed on the specified shift.
Supplementary benefits, other than shift differentials, are
treated statistically on the basis that these are provided to all
workers employed in offices or plant departments that observe the
practice in question.4 Because of varying eligibility requirements,
the proportion actually receiving the specific benefits m aybe sm aller.
The summary of vacation plans is limited to form al arrange
ments, excluding informal plans whereby time off with pay is granted
at the discretion of the employer or the supervisor.
Separate
estimates are provided according to employer practice in computing
vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earn
ings, or flat-sum amounts.
Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension
plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer,

3 An establishment was considered as having a policy if it
met either of the following conditions:
(1) Operated late shifts at
the time of the survey, or (2) had form al provisions covering late
shifts.
4 Scheduled weekly hours for office workers (first section of
table B -2 ) are presented in term s of the proportion of women office
workers employed in offices with the indicated weekly hours for
women workers.




excepting only legal requirements such as workmen’s compensation
and social security.
Such plans include those underwritten by a
com m ercial insurance company and also those provided through a
union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating
funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose.
Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance.
Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of insurance
under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the
insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident
disability.
Information is presented for all such plans to which
the employer contributes, except in those States having compulsory
temporary disability insurance laws; plans in these States are
included only if the employer (1) contributes more than is legally
required or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed
the requirements of the law.
Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to form al
plans which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker’ s pay
during absence from work due to illn ess; informal arrangements
have been omitted. Separate tabulations are provided according to
(1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans
providing either partial pay or a waiting period.
Catastrophe insurance, som etim es referred to as
medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed
employees in case of sickness and injury involving an
which gtfes beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization,
and surgical plans.

extended
to cover
expense
medical,

Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete
or partial payment of doctors1 fe es.
Such plans may be under
written by a commercial insurance company or a nonprofit organi
zation or they may be self-in sured.
Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to
those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of
the worker’ s life.

3
DALLAS,

SEPTEMBER

Dallas is a rapidly expanding manufacturing center with a
growing variety of industries. Among those leading in employment
are aircraft, automobile and machinery manufacturing, apparel,
food-processing, petroleum refining, and chemical production. The
area is also characterized as a center of trade and financial ac
tivity which largely accounts for the fact that nonmanufacturing
employment still greatly exceeds that of its manufacturing enter
p rises.
The Dallas study, covering a September 1953 payroll
period, includes data from 166 establishments employing 82, 640
w o rk ers--sele cted to represent approximately 700 establishments
with an estimated employment of 150, 000 workers in 6 major
industry groupings within scope of the study (see table following).

Wage Structure
T im e-rate payments were made to the vast majority of
the plant workers within the scope of the Dallas survey. Approxi
mately 7 plant workers were paid on a tim e-rate basis for each
worker paid under incentive plans, such as bonus or piece-rate
plans. About three-fourths of those paid time rates were employed
in establishments with form al rate structures--those providing a
single rate or a range of rates established for each job rather
than rates established on an individual basis.
Plant workers
employed under form alized plans providing rate ranges outnum
bered those under single-rate plans about 4 to 1.
Virtually all
form al plans with job rates applying to office workers provided
rate ranges. Approximately two-thirds of the office workers were
employed under such plans, and most of the remainder were paid
individual rates.
Rate structures which included provisions for classifying
jobs into a series of labor grades were less widespread.
They
covered plant workers in 10, and office workers in 16, of the 166
establishments surveyed.
Such plans were reported in a variety
of industries; through the working supervisory level, the number
of rate steps varied from 4 to 12 for plant jobs and from 4 to 16
for office jobs.

Occupational Pay Levels
Weekly earnings of women secretaries and general ste
nographers in Dallas averaged $64 and $55 in September 1953*
Office girls and routine file clerk s, the lowest paid women’ s jobs
studied, averaged $39 and $ 38 , respectively.
Averages for these
and most other women’ s jobs of numerical importance were from
$2 to $4 higher than in September 1952, the date of a previous
survey by the Bureau.




1953

Straight-time average hourly earnings of men in the skilled
maintenance trades were lowest for automotive mechanics ($ 1 .7 5 )
and exceeded $ 1 . 9 0 for carpenters ( $ 1 . 9 2 ) , machinists ( $ 1 . 9 4 ) ,
plumbers ( $ 1 . 9 7 ) , electricians ( $ 2 . 0 4 ) , and tool-and-die makers
($2.18).
Their helpers averaged $ 1 .4 4 an hour. Among custodial
and mate rial-m ovem ent jobs which accounted for large numbers
of workers, hourly earnings were $ 1 . 0 1 for watchmen, $ 1 . 1 8 for
material-handling laborers, and $1.37 for drivers of m edium -size
trucks.
Women averaged 79 cents as janitors and cleaners and
$ 1 . 0 6 as packers of merchandise for shipment.
Increases in
average earnings over September 1952 for plant jobs varied con
siderably; they amounted to 13 cents for maintenance electricians,
mechanics (other than automotive) and plumbers, 8 cents for car
penters and trades helpers, 5 cents for laborers and guards, and
3 cents for men janitors.
Straight-time earnings were higher in manufacturing than
in nonmanufacturing industries for most of the office and plant
jobs studied.
D rivers of light, medium, and heavy trucks were
among the few exceptions. However, earnings levels varied among
industry groups within nonmanufacturing. Women secretaries, for
example, averaged $3.50 a week more in the public utilities group
than in all nonmanufacturing industries combined and equaled the
average for the job in manufacturing industries.
C ost-of-L ivin g and Annual Improvement Adjustments
Provisions for periodic adjustment of wages based on
changes in consumer prices were reported in 13 of the 166 estab
lishments surveyed.
These provisions generally applied to both
office and plant workers.
Six establishments studied had provi
sions for automatic annual improvement adjustments.
A high
proportion of the workers covered by these provisions were in
establishments manufacturing motor vehicles and aircraft, and in
the transportation field.
Labor-Management Agreements
Alm ost half the plant workers within industry and estab
lishment size groups surveyed in Dallas were employed in estab
lishments having labor-management agreements covering a majority
of the plant workers. Establishments with agreements covering a
majority of the office workers accounted for a tenth of the office
employment within the scope of the study.
The proportion of
plant workers covered by agreements in manufacturing industries
was about double that for nonmanufacturing industries; office
workers covered were employed chiefly in nonmanufacturing in
dustries within the public utilities division.

4
Work Schedules

Shift Operations

Weekly work schedules of 40 hours applied to about fourfifths of the office workers and to half the plant workers.
In the
remaining offices, workers scheduled for more than 40 hours
were about double those scheduled for less than 40 hours. A high
proportion of plant workers not on 4 0 -hour workweeks were
scheduled for more than 40 hours, commonly 44 to 48, except in
the transportation and other public utilities group.
More than a
fourth of the workers in this group were scheduled to work 50 or
more hours a week in September 1953.

Almost a fifth of the plant workers in manufacturing in
dustries were working on extra shifts.
Differentials over dayshift rates usually were paid, the form and amount varying among
plants.
Nearly half of the second-shift workers received llz
/
cents additional hourly pay and most of the remainder received
either 5 or 7 cents or 5 percent.
Differentials over first-sh ift
rates for workers on the third shift (accounting for only 3 percent
of the plant labor force) were usually expressed in cents per hour
and ranged from 5 to more than 12 cents.
Paid Holidays

Overtime Pay
Provisions for premium pay for hours worked beyond the
regular weekly schedule applied to over nine-tenths of the office
workers and four-fifths of the plant workers.
Prem ium pay pro
visions for hours worked beyond the regular daily schedule applied
to a third of the office and approximately half the plant workers.
Under most provisions for premium pay, both office and plant
workers received time and one-half the regular rate for overtime
hours worked; generally, this rate became effective after 40 hours
under weekly provisions and after 8 hours under daily overtime
provisions.

Provisions for paid holidays applied to practically all
office workers and to more than five-sixth s of the plant workers
covered by the Dallas study.
A third of the office and plant
workers received 6 paid holidays, and another third of the office
workers and a fourth of the plant w orkers, received 5 paid holi
days.
More liberal provisions applied to a substantial proportion
of the workers in the public utility and finance groups.
Half of
the office workers and three-fifths of the plant workers were
employed in establishments having provisions for payment of p re
mium rates for work on paid holidays.
Including holiday pay,
double time was the rate commonly paid under these provisions.

E s ta b lish m e n ts and W o rk ers W ithin Scope of Su rv ey and N um ber Studied in D a lla s ,

T e x . , 1 by M ajor Ind ustry D iv isio n , S ep tem b er 1953

N um ber of esta b lish m en ts
In d u stry d iv ision

A ll d iv ision s ...............................................................................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ............................................................................................................
N onm anufacturing ............... ..................................................................................
T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding ra ilr o a d s ),
co m m u n icatio n, and o th er public u tilitie s ...................................
W h olesale t r a d e * .............................................................................................
R e ta il t r a d e ................................................... .....................................................
F in a n c e , in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s ta te .................................................
S e r v ic e s 3 * ........................... ................................................................................

M inim um siz e
e sta b lish m e n t
in scope of
study 2

Within
scope of
study

51

713

166

51
51

231
482

48
118

51
51
51
51
51

61
129
146
77
69

Studied

25
20

32
26

15

W o rk ers
W ithin
scope of
study

Studied
T o ta l

O ffice

1 4 7 ,8 0 0

8 2 ,6 4 0

1 9 ,2 9 0

6 1 , 900

8 5 ,9 0 0

3 7 ,6 4 0
4 5 ,0 0 0

5 ,4 7 0
1 3 ,8 2 0

22, 400
12 , 000
2 9 ,0 0 0
1 4 ,2 0 0
8 , 300

1 7 ,6 5 0
2, 700
1 4 ,8 9 0
7, 490
2, 270

4 ,4 0 0
770
2 , 600
5, 650
400

1 The D allas M etropolitan A rea (D allas County).
2 T o tal e sta b lish m e n t em ploym ent.
F o r wage study p u rp o se s, a ll o u tlets (within the area) of com panies in such in d u stries as tr a d e , fin a n ce , auto re p a ir s e r v ic e , and
m o tio n -p ictu re th e a te rs a re co n sid ered as one e s ta b lish m e n t.
3 H otels; p e rso n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u sin e ss s e r v ic e s ; autom obile re p a ir shops; rad io b ro a d ca stin g and te lev isio n ; m otion p ic tu re s ; n on p rofit m em b ersh ip o rg a n iz a tio n s; and en g i
n eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s .
* T his in d ustry d iv ision is ap p ro p riately re p re se n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s trie s " and "nonm anufactu ring" in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s although co v era g e was in s u f
fic ie n t to ju s tify s e p a ra te p resen ta tio n of data.




5
Paid Vacations

Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

Vacations with pay were granted, after a qualifying period
of service, to all office workers and to more than nine-tenths of
the plant workers. Except for a small proportion of plant workers
receiving a percentage of earnings or a flat sum, vacation pay was
based upon the worker*s regular rate for a specified period of time,
graduated according to length of service.
Provisions applying to
office workers were more liberal than for plant workers. After a
year of service, 2 weeks* vacation pay for office workers and 1
week for plant workers was the common practice.
A majority of
the plant workers were in establishments that granted 2 weeks* pay
upon completion of 3 years of service. Establishments with almost
half the office workers and m ore than a fourth of the plant workers
gave 3 weeks* pay or more to these groups after 25 years of service.

Fully nine-tenths of the office workers and a slightly
sm aller proportion of the plant workers were in establishments
which made available and paid at least part of the cost of some
form of health, insurance, or pension plan.
The types of plans
and the extent to which each was available varied widely among
establishments.
Those available in establishments employing half
or more of the office and plant workers included life, hospitali
zation, and surgical insurance, and pension plans.
Sickness and
accident insurance plans were more prevalent than sick leave
plans for plant w orkers, but office workers were more commonly
covered under sick leave plans.

4

Work Schedules

Shift Operations

Weekly work schedules of 40 hours applied to about fourfifths of the office workers and to half the plant workers.
In the
remaining offices, workers scheduled for more than 40 hours
were about double those scheduled for less than 40 hours. A high
proportion of plant workers not on 40-hour workweeks were
scheduled for more than 40 hours, commonly 44 to 48, except in
the transportation and other public utilities group.
More than a
fourth of the workers in this group were scheduled to work 50 or
more hours a week in September 1953.

Alm ost a fifth of the plant workers in manufacturing in
dustries were working on extra shifts.
Differentials over dayshift rates usually were paid, the form and amount varying among
plants.
Nearly half of the second-shift workers received 7lz
i
cents additional hourly pay and most of the remainder received
either 5 or 7 cents or 5 percent.
Differentials over first-sh ift
rates for workers on the third shift (accounting for only 3 percent
of the plant labor force) were usually expressed in cents per hour
and ranged from 5 to more than 12 cents.

Overtime Pay
Provisions for prem ium pay for hours worked beyond the
regular weekly schedule applied to over nine-tenths of the office
workers and four-fifths of the plant workers.
Premium pay pro
visions for hours worked beyond the regular daily schedule applied
to a third of the office and approximately half the plant workers.
Under most provisions for premium pay, both office and plant
workers received time and one-half the regular rate for overtime
hours worked; generally, this rate became effective after 40 hours
under weekly provisions and after 8 hours under daily overtime
provisions.




Paid Holidays
Provisions for paid holidays applied to practically all
office workers and to more than five-sixths of the plant workers
covered by the Dallas study.
A third of the office and plant
workers received 6 paid holidays, and another third of the office
workers and a fourth of the plant workers, received 5 paid holi
days.
More liberal provisions applied to a substantial proportion
of the workers in the public utility and finance groups.
Half of
the office workers and three-fifths of the plant workers were
employed in establishments having provisions for payment of pre
mium rates for work on paid holidays.
Including holiday pay,
double time was the rate commonly paid under these provisions.

6

A: Occupational Earnings
Table A-l: Office Occupations
(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eeluy nours and earnings 1 fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an a rea b a s is
in D a llas, T ex. , by industry d ivision , Septem ber 1953)
Average
S e x , occup ation , and in d u stry d iv isio n

Number
of
w
orkers

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

$
$
$
$
$
S
$
$
$
$
35. 00 h . 50 *40. 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 *5 0 .0 0 52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 *70. 00 7 5 . 00 *80. 00 *85. 00 9 0 . 00 * 9 5 .0 0 lOO.'OO
W
eekly
W
eekly Under 30. 00 3 2 . 50 $
earnings
hours
and
(Standard) (Standard)
l o .o o
3 2 . 50 35. 00 37. 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50 5 5 .0 0 57. 50 6 0 . 00 6 5 . u 0 7 0 . 00 75. 00 8 0 . 00 85. 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 100 .00 o v e r

Men
B o o k k ee p in g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s ,
c la s s B ..............................................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ...................................

49
48

C le r k s , accou n tin g , c la s s A ..................
M anufacturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ...................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * .................................

$
46. 50
40. 0
4 0 . 0 h 4 1 . 50

-

-

"

310
137

40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0

-

-

-

C le r k s , accou n tin g , c la s s B ..................
M anufacturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ...................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * .................................

250
160
90
53

40.-0
4 o .o
40. 0
40. 0

6

C le r k s , o r d e r ..................................................
M anufacturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ...................................

236
43
193

C le r k s , p a y r o l l ................................................
'M anu facturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ...................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * .................................

531
221

79.
r 85.
75.
78.

00

50
00
50

9

16

53
16
37

1

1

6

95
34
61
30

24
4

3

16

9

1

10

1
8
8

-

-

56
46

1
1

10
6

50
27
23
17

10

31
2

23
3

10

29

64
64

53

-

2

2

12

7

-

-

2
2

2
2

2
2

3
9
4

1
6
6

8
8

-

"

19
13

2

-

6

-

4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0

59. 50
h 71. 50
57. 00

-

-

“

-

-

6
6

-

4
4

74
34
40
27

40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
3 9 .5

69. 00
; 70. 50
! 6 8 .0 0
| 7 1 .0 0
j

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

_
-

_
"

_
-

O ffice b o y s ..........................................................
M anufacturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ...................................
F in a n ce * * .............................................

162

39.
T 9.
38.
39.

38

17

21

35
127
75

40. 0
40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0

11

2

00

; 15
! 12

3
18
7

11
8

3
-

19
19
17

T a b u la tin g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s .............
M anufacturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ...................................
F in a n ce * * .............................................

117
44
73
49

40. 0
40. 0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5

6 3 .0 0
67. 00
60. 50
58. 50

2

2

233
53
180
48

40.
39.
40.
40.

100

76
48

40. 5
“ 4075'
41. 0

179
163
34
52

40.
40.
41.
40.

570
59
511
108
272

40.
40.
40.
41.
40.

00
00

1

25

-

2

18
— 5

50

1

-

23
18

12
2

27
14

-

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

_
"

7
7
-

18
18
“

43
----- T
34

50

-

47. 50
4b. bU
4 5 . 50

-

-

1

-----1----

6
6
6

4
4
4

16
16
3

5
5
5
0

55.
54.
54.
55.

00
50
50
50

-

-

-

-

-

-

"

-

-

-

4
4

2
2

-

-

-

-

-

4

2

5
0
5
0
0

46.
53.
45.
45.
45.

00
00
50
00
00

108

82
15
67

-

8

4

-

1

_

8

-

-

_
-

_
-

"

5
------ 5“

55. 00
56. 50

6

-

3
3
-

5
4

-

-

-

"

6
6

-

63. 00
6 8 . 00

-

19
19

6
6

-

■

5
5

-

3
3

_
-

-

-

-

2
2

2
2

-

6

1

1

1

-

-

-

------ 6

1

-

1
1

1
1

2
1

6

2

-

-

1
1

6

2

2
1
1

5

-

-

3
3
3

4
4
4

4
4
3

17
“I
16
4

17
— n

13

6
2

ii
5

8

14
r?
ii

8

4
4
2

-

_
-

20
12

107
42
65
17

10

40
37
3

8
6
2

4

1

6
6

6

1

20

52

-

9
3

19
12

-

7
5

_

_

6

22

7
15
14

_
-

_
-

41*
20
21

53
8

-

_

_
-

_
-

__ 39
17

. 25
15

,5 8
z 56

45
33

22

10

2

13

16

4

-

5
5
-

6
6

-

1
1

-

14
14
-

"

_
_
-

6

19
19
-

_
“

_
-

3
3
-

-

3
3
-

5

12

4

5

4

1

4

1

1

4
4

8
8

3
"

4
4

2
2
2

_
-

4
4
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

"

2
1
1
1

_

_

"

-

“

_
_
-

_
-

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

"

-

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

1
1

-

-

-

-

34
14

21
6

15
13

20
11

15
7

2

-

1
1

3
2
1

-

1

1
1

-

W omen
B i l l e r s , m ach in e (b illin g m ach in e) . . .
M anufacturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ...................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * .................................
B i l l e r s , m ach in e (bookkeeping
m a c h in e )............................................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ...................................
R e ta il t r a d e ...........................................
B o o k k ee p in g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s ,
c la s s A ............................................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ...................................
R e ta il t r a d e ..........................................
F i n a n c e * * .............................................

0
0
0
0

46.
" 51.
45.
46.

50
00
00

B o o k k ee p in g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s ,
_ c la ss R

...................................................................

M a n u fa ctu rin g .................................................
N onm anufacturing ......................... ..
R e ta il tra d e ................................................
F in a n ce * * ...................................................

_
-

“

_
-

-

-

1

-

3

15

44
-

-

3

15

44

1
1

3
12

5
37

108
29
36

See footnotes at end of table.
* T ransportation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
** F inance, insurance, and rea l estate.




22

~

65
4
61
4

19
— r~
16
4

4
22
12
---- 5 — — rz H ”“ T1
4
9
9

6

49

14
14
3

------ 1
1

r

1

16
7 “ f 16
'
4
2
-

11

4
—

r ~

-

6

-----1
-

1
1

-

-

4
2
2

-

-

5
4
-

-

_
-

-

6

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

_
-

_
_

2

-

-

”

-

~

“

“

-

9

14

6

16

-

98

113

45

16

14

15

12
101

5

2

6

40

14

8

4
11

27
26

8
20

4
10

-

-

3

7

3

1

_
_
-

-

16

11

2

98
25
69

6

-

14

42
38

-

-

21

38
36
4

1

1

-

26
24

15
15
5
3

_

6

16
14

2

3
1

-

-

____ 1
___

1

O ccupation al W age S urvey, D a llas, T ex. , S eptem ber 1953
U .S . D E PA RTM EN T OF LA BO R
B ureau o f L a b or S ta tistics

7
T a b l e A - l:

O f f i c e O c c u p a t io n s - C o n t in u e d

(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 fo r se le c te d occup ations studied on an a rea b a sis
in D a llas, T ex. , by industry d ivisio n , S eptem ber 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

A
verage
S e x , o ccu p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv isio n

Number
of
workers

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
W
eekly
W
eekly Under fo .o o % Z . 50 I s . 00 3 7 . 50 l o . 00 4 2 . 50 I 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 60. 00
earnings
hours
(Standard) (Standard)
f o .o o
32. 50 35. 00 37. 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 60. 00 65. 00

W om en - C ontinued
C l e r k s , a ccou n tin g , c l a s s A .....................
M an u facturin g ...........................................
N on m an ufacturin g ....................................
R e ta il t r a d e ............................................
F in a n c e * * ..............................................

497
137
360
62
124

40.
40.
40.
•40.
40.

$
5 9 .0 0
00
57. 50
57. 00
4 7 .0 0

-

-

-

6
6
"

_
-

48
48
48

30
30
30

30 !
1
29
9
4

C l e r k s , acco u n tin g , c l a s s B .....................
M an u facturin g ...........................................
N onm an ufacturin g ....................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * .................................
R e ta il t r a d e ...........................................
F in a n c e * * ..............................................

887
193
694
174
123
207

40. 5
4 9 . 00
4 0 .0 “ 54.'50
40. 5
47. 50
40. 0
54. 50
41. 0
46. 00
40. 0
42. 50

5
5
5
-

32
32
10
14

34
34
3
31

34
1
33
4
6
23

69
11
58
4
7
31

79
2
77
20
14
38

63
21
42
7
4
8

C le r k s , f i l e , c la s s A ....................................
N onm an ufacturin g ....................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * .................................
F in a n c e * * ..............................................

283
222
25
164

40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0

50
50
50
50

_
-

_
-

_
-

1
1
1

24
24
6
18

51
51
8
29

C le r k s , f i l e , c la s s B ....................................
M an u facturin g ................................. ..
N on m an ufacturin g ....................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * . . ............................
R e ta il t r a d e ................................. ..
F i n a n c e * * ................ .............................

994
26
968
102
71
704

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0

3 8 .0 0
" 4 6 . 50
! 3 8 .0 0
4 4 .0 0
j 36. 50
: 36. 50
i

6
6
6

167
167
5
149

210
210
6
32
172

157
2
155
16
4
118

142
142
4
17
115

C le r k s , o rd e r ...................................................
M an u facturin g ...........................................
N onm an ufacturin g ....................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * .................................
R e ta il t r a d e ...........................................

305
40
265
56
83

3 9 .5 i 4 7 .0 0
4 0 .0
56. 6o
3 9 .5 1 45. 50
40. 0
54. 00
38. 5
38. 00

_
-

4
4
4

16
16
16

17
17
17

16

C l e r k s , p a y r o l l ................................................
M an u facturin g ...........................................
N on m an ufacturin g ....................................
R e ta il t r a d e ...........................................
F i n a n c e * * .................. ...........................

484
157
327
63
37

40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0

-

12

_
-

C o m p to m e ter o p e r a to r s ............................
M an u facturin g ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g .................................. .
P u b lic u t ilitie s * .................................
R e ta il t r a d e ...........................................
F in a n c e * * ..............................................

605
132
473
80
207
52

40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0

52.
55.
51.
58.
50.
50;

00
0d
50
00
00
50

D u p lica tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s
(m im eo g ra p h o r ditto) ...............................

41

40. 0

4 8 . 50

K ev -p u n ch o p e r a to r s ....................................
M an u facturin g ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ....................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * .................................
F in a n c e * * ..............................................

430
“ 53----362
88
223

40. 0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0

4 8 . 50
57 rw
46. 50
53. 50
4 4 . 00

0
0
0
5
0

~ l2 .

j

48.
..46.
48.
46.

54. 00
"52. 50
5 4 .5 0
51. 00
56. 50

_

—

12

-

_

-

6
----- 6
-

-

-

-

-

'

-

24

13
------8 ~
5
5
-

29

61
4
57
14
8

34
17
17
1
3

28
15
13
7
4

36
17
19
12

60
31
29
15
2

47
23
24
15
-

39
11
28
1
4

12
4
8
-

46
6
40
_
-

9
9
-

_
_
-

1
1
_
-

!
1
_
-

63
8
55
11
11
13

86
8
78
12
9
4

124
60
64
8
17
17

119
27
92
22
18
11

35
6
29
13
11
5

38
10
28
22
1
5

30
5
25
11
7
7

57
17
40
40
"

3
3
-

1
1
-

6
4
2
_
_
"

6
6
_
-

3
3
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

30
22
22

39
39
4
28

22
22

30
17
17

19
6
6

33
11
2
9

4
4
-

1
1
1
-

5
4
4
-

-

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
-

_
_

21

22
20
13

132
8
124
23
1
71

62
2
60
12
12
36

40
3
37
7
21

42
5
37
8
16

18
------ 1
17
13
-

3
3
3
-

9
2
7
7
-

6
3
3
3
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_

-

_
_
-

_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

31
31
9
17

10
10
5

101
11
90
2
5

31
5
26
2
1

15
15
10
-

12
4
8
6
2

17
5
12
7
-

8
3
5
5
-

17
7
10
10
'

7
2
5
5
-

_
-

-

-

3
3
-

_

16
16

-

_
-

-

13
13
-

43
15
28
10
5

23
1
22
3
-

41
51
— n r ~ ----- 8
43
31
24
6
2
2

53
— n?
6

43
3
40
3
1

47
31
16
1
2

24
10
14
2
1

51
4
47
6
12

53
23
30
1
3

20
3
17
4
3

1
1
-

6
4
2
1
-

-

_
-

1
1
_
-

12
12
2
4
1

40
40
2
25
2

29

46
1
15
15

110
10
100
13
46
10

55
19
36
3
20
1

64
20
44
12
13
4

43
14
29
11
14
4

76
22
54
18
24
3

30
10
20
15
-

-

3
3
_
-

3
3
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

-

_

_

_

_

-

'

-

24

7

2

5

18

2

3

1

1

24

17

76
2
74
17
47

47
4
43
14
17

72
12
60
6
51

37
9
28
18
7

19
5
14
12

22
10
12
11
1

r ~

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

29

24
22

24
21

17
1
13

See footn otes at end o f tab le.'
* T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public utilities,
** F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and rea l*esta te.

35
2

j

26
2
13
3

—

24
15

29

i

66
5
61
1
28
9

-

i




9
9
9

-

-

$
$
S
$
$
$
65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 9 5 .0 0 100.00
and
70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 over

55
—

r ~

-

2

25
16
9
5

11
10
1
1

!

_

_

_ _ 3___
3
3

___ 2__

_
-

_

_
-

2
2
-

_
_
-

_
-

_

_

-

_

8
T a b l e A - l : O f f i c e O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n tin u e d
(A v erag e s tr a ig h t-tim e w eek ly h ou rs and ea rn in g s 1 fo r s e le c te d occup ation s studied on an a r e a b a s is
in D a lla s , T e x . , by in d u stry d iv isio n , S ep tem b er 1953)
Average
S e x , occup ation , and in d u stry d iv isio n

Number
of
w
orkers

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
W
eekly
W
eekly Under 30. 00 3 2 . 50 35. 00 37. 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00
hours
earnings
(Standard) (Standard)
“
”
~
”
“
“
”
3 0 .0 0 32. 50 3 5 . 00 37. 50 4 0 .0 0 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50
55. 00 57. 50 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00

W omen - Continued
4 0 .0
1670
40. 0
40. 0

<
f
c
'P
3 9 .0 0
4 3 .0 0 "
38. 00
38. 50

1 ,2 5 1
366
885
201
120
390

40.
40.
40.
40.
40.
40.

0
0
0
0
0
0

64.
66.
63.
66.
59.
64.

S te n o g ra p h e rs, g e n e ra l ..............................
M anufacturing ............................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
R e ta il t r a d e ...........................................
F in a n c e * * ..............................................

1, 794

40.
40.
40.
40.
40.
40.

0
0
0
0
0
0

55. 00
5 9 .5 0 "
53. 00
5 3 .0 0
52. 00
51. 50

S w itch b oard o p e r a t o r s .................................
M anufacturing ...........................................
N onm anufacturing ....................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * .................................
R e ta il t r a d e ...........................................
F i n a n c e * * ..............................................

296
49
247
40
58
51

41. 0
40. 0
41. 5
40. 0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0

Sw itch board o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n is t s . . .
M an u factu rin g ..........................................
N onm anufacturing ....................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
R e ta il t r a d e ............................................
F in a n c e * * ...............................................

370
117
253
32
67
46

40.
40.
40.
40.
42.
40.

T a b u la tin g -m ach in e o p e r a t o r s ...............
N onm anufacturing ....................................
F in a n c e * * ..............................................

71
------61
38

40. 0
40. 0
40. 0

59. 00
59. 00
57. 50

-

T ra n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ,
g en e ra l .................................................. ..........
M anufacturing ............... ..........................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
F in a n ce * * . . .........................................

288
34
254
165

40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0

48.
48.
48.
47.

00
50
00
50

-

T v p is ts , c la s s A .............................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
F i n a n c e * * .............................................

661
570
112
312

40.
40.
40.
40.

0
0
0
0

50. 00
4 9 .0 0
51. 50
47. 00

-

T y p is ts , c la s s B .............................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
R e ta il t r a d e ...........................................
F in a n c e * * .............................................

1, 620
1, 303
113
136
835

40.
40.
40.
40.
40.

0
0
0
5
0

42.
40.
43.
43.
39.

-

O ffice g i r l s ..........................................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................
N onm anufacturing ....................................

246
50
196
103

S e c r e ta r ie s .......................................................
M anufacturing ............................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ....................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
R e ta il t r a d e ...........................................
F i n a n c e * * .............................................

620

1, 174
357
110
355

00
50
00
50
50
00

_

_

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

58

122
23
99
19
6
56

248
72
176
46
32
85

207
52
155
34
13
79

146
67
79
18
7
30

107
39
68
28
5
31

45
10
35
14
2
19

16
10
6
1
_
3

20
8
12
5
1
-

8
5
3
1
-

8
3
5
_
5

197
145
81
66
116
79
28
24
14 j
3
35
42

320
184
136
37
12
30

155
86
69
41
15
1

63
36
27
3
_

16
16
_
-

14
6
8
-

|
1
1

1
1

-

|

_
_
-

1
1
1
>
-

_
_
-

16
8
8
4

3
3
-

_
-

1
1
-

_
-

_
_
_

_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
-

36
15
21
4 i
2 !
1

8
1
7
2

_
-

_
_
_
_

_
_
-

_
_

_

_
_
_

_
_
_

5

_
_
_

22
22
12

6
5
-

4
3
2

1
1
“

-

-

"

-

-

5
5
3

7
5
2
“

3
3
-

1
1
-

-

-

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

1
-

_
-

8
8
-

_

_
-

35
18

2
33
20

14
7
7
1

25
8
17
13

13
13
-

6
3
3

_
-

-

-

-

-

12
2
10
2
"

32
32
4
22

43
6
37
6
7
9

110
33
77
4
28
12

63
20
43
8
9
12

.
-

_
"
_
-

_
-

35

6
6
6

-

5
48. 00
0
5 0 .0 0
5 1 4 7 . 50
0
51. 00
0 1 4 4 . 00
0 j 4 9 .0 0

_
-

35

-

15
15
5
10

37
1
36
21
5

98
35
63
15
7
12

109
20
89
28
8
20

148
132
j 29
12
50

126
22
S 104
42
I 13
1 25

201
30
171
47
10
63

148
20
128
41
6
57

24
24
6
-

66
1
65
8
-

16
7
9
5
2

18
18
9
1
2

24
3
21
2
10
9

23
2
21
10
1
8

28
3
25
4
9
8

22
8
14
1
2
9

27
11
16
8
-

6
2
4
3
-

8

1

9

_
-

58
8
50
2
12
6

50
15
35
8
11
3

68
12
56
1
13
17

34
4
30
7
12
1

27
13
14
5
- j
4 j

17
13
4
1
3

-

2
2
2

z
------2
“

4
3

- 1
■

10
8
8

26
12
20
1
11 1 6
- i
3
_
_
3
!
9
11 !
7
10
4
7

12
9
3
2

11
11
11

79
9
70
35

45
7
38
28

51
3
48
39

16
16
16

23
23
9

"

: 4 5 .0 0
53. 50
i 4 3 . 50
j 4 9 .0 0
| 4 1 . 00
5 2 .0 0

2
2
-

53
53
29

29
12
17

5
"
5
2
i

3
3
-

_
j

3

i
!
|
i
!

9
_

_
_

“
3

— 3
--

22
6
i 16
1 "
i I6
i
j

“

j

10
' 17
1 - ..
1 17
j
3
i 14
|

-

6
6
6

13
13
13

|

16
!
16
3

i
i

16

i
i

7 5 . 00

2
2
-

32
1
31
22

-

$
$
$
$
$
80. 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0
and
“
“
80. 00 85. 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 100.00 o v e r

$

—

w

42
18
3
21

1

_

1

_

-

_

_

_

-

"

-

57
57
4
38

105
101
4
64

95
91
19
67

96
93
18
54

119
107
20
59

49
45
11
10

22
22
15
5

40
12
10
-

54
21
9
12

12
10
2
“

211

198
194
10
6
174

295
284
32
19
138

229
181
17
12
115

141
120
14
60
42

76
53
5
8
14

76
26
4
11

64
10
4
-

87
8
4
4

14
1
1
-

19
6
-

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

:

-

_

14

n—
2
12

196
19 6 '
15
181

1 210

22
3
155

* Hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em p lo y ees r e c e iv e th e ir re g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s and the ea rn in g s co rresp o n d to th e s e w eekly h o u rs.
W o rk ers w ere d istrib u te d as fo llo w s: 18 at $ 1 0 0 to $ 1 0 5 ; 14 at $ 1 0 5 to $ 1 1 0 ; 8 at $ 1 1 0 to $ 1 1 5 ; 9 at $ 1 1 5 to $ 1 2 0 ; 7 at $ 1 2 0 to $ 1 2 5 .
* T ra n sp o rta tio n (excludin g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r public u t ilitie s .
* * F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .




-

„
-

_

-

-

_

_
_

_
-

'

50
50
00
50
00

3

'

_

_

9
T a b le A - 2 :

P r o f e s s io n a l a n d T e c h n ic a l O c c u p a t i o n s

(A verage s tr a ig h t-tim e w eekly h o u rs and e a r n in g s 1 fo r s e le c te d o ccu p ation s studied on an a r e a b a s is
in D a lla s , T e x . , by in d u stry d iv isio n , S ep tem b er 1953)
Average
S e £ , o ccu p ation , and in d u stry d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIMI2 WEEKLY EARNINGS OF -

$
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
Under
Weekly
Weekly
4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .00 115.00
earnings
hours
(Standard) (Standard) $
and
4 5 .0 0
4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00 110. 00 1 1 5 .0 0 o ver

M en
41

4 0 .0

$
'1 0 0 . 5 0

-

-

-

D ra fts m e n , s e n i o r ...................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................
N on m an ufacturin g ...........................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * .........................................

267
1?7
90
39

4 0 .5
4 0 .0
4 1 .5
4 0 .0

7 8 .0 0
7 6 .5 0
8 1 .5 0
i 6 7 .0 0

“

-

”

D ra fts m e n , j u n i o r ................................... ..............
M a n u fa ctu rin g ......................................................
N onm an ufacturin g ...........................................

235
175
60

4 0 .0
40. 0
4 0 .5

5 8 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
5 4 .5 0

14
10
4

D ra fts m e n , j u n i o r ...................................................

58

4 0 .0

5 3 .5 0

1

10

N u r s e s , i n d u s t r i a l ..................................................
O n e -n u rs e u n i t ............................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g .....................................................
O n e -n u rs e unit ...........................................

63
43
45
28

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0

6 5 .5 0
' " 6 2 .0 0
6 5 .5 0
6 0 .0 0

-

-

D ra fts m e n , l e a d e r ....................................... ..

-

!

_

1
1
1

-

6
6
6

-

-

6
— I—
5
5

11
6
6

10
3
7
5

"

-

_

23

-

1
1

14
11
3
3

34
31
3
1

8
6
2

31
24
7

10
10

~2Z

17
7
10

| 17
I 12
5

23
17
6

29
23
6

38
34
4

21
14
7

16
16

9

8

9

6

5

2

1

5

-

-

1
1

2
2

-

-

-

-

8
8
6
6

9
9
9
9

15
11
12
10

3
3

-

3
1
3
1

2
2
1
1

9
-----8

~ 1

2

1

13

2

3

1 29
( 27
2
2

25
19
6
2

31
27
4
2

29
14
15
2

14
5
9
3

)

_

1

.

-

-

-

1

_

8
------6“
2
-

4

_

6

2 10

15
2
13
-

4
1
3
-

3
1
2

4
2
2
-

_
-

-

-

_

_

”

~

“

“

_

_

_

_

_

-

_

1
1

_

_

_

-

-

-

_

_

W om en

!

-

1

1

_

_

3

2
1
1

7
1
6

7
4
4
1

-

2

1 H ou rs r e f l e c t th e w orkw eek fo r w hich em p lo y ees r e c e iv e th e ir re g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s and the ea rn in g s co rre sp o n d to th e s e w eekly h o u rs.
2 W o rk e rs w e re d istrib u te d a s fo llo w s: 2 at $ 1 2 0 to $ 1 2 5 ; 4 at $ 1 2 5 to $ 1 3 0 ; 4 at $ 1 3 0 to $ 1 3 5 .
* T ra n s p o r ta tio n (exclud in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r public u t ilitie s .




_
1

-

_

-

_

1

O ccu p atio n al W age Su rv ey , D a lla s , T e x . , S ep tem b er 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F LA BO R
B u reau of L a b o r S ta tis tic s

10
T a b le A-3.*

M a in t e n a n c e a n d P o w e rp la n t O c c u p a tio n s

(A v erage h ou rly e a rn in g s 1 fo r m en in s e le c te d o ccu p ation s studied on an a r e a b a s is
in D a lla s , T e x ., by in d u stry d iv isio n , S ep tem b er 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O ccupation and in d u stry d iv ision

Number
of
W
orkers

Average [Jnder *1.10 \ .1 5 ^ .2 0 ^ . 2 5 ^ .3 0 ^ .3 5 ^ .4 0 $ .4 5 *1 .5 0 $1 .5 5 $1 .6 0 *1 .6 5 *1 .7 0 *1 .7 5 $1 .8 0 * 1 .8 5 * 1 .9 0 * 1 .9 5 * 2 .0 0 *2 .1 0 * 2 .2 0 **2.30 * 2 .4 0 l$2 . 50 $2 . 60
1
hourly
earnings $
1 .1 0
1 .1 5 1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 1 .6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 1 .8 5 1 .9 0 1 .9 5 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 . 50 2 .6 0 2 . 70

C a rp e n te rs , m a in te n a n c e ..............................
M anufacturing ................................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................
R e ta il trad e .............................................

150
65
85
36

$
1 .9 2
2. 04
1 .8 2
1 .9 9

5
5
5

3
3
-

E le c tr ic ia n s , m ain ten an ce ............................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................

219
163
56

2 . 04
2 .0 9
1 .8 9

-

-

-

267
1 .6 7
“ T o?----- ' 1786
162
1 .5 4
35
1 .4 7

*

“

*

E n g in e e rs , s ta tio n a ry ...................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................
R e ta il trad e ............................................

3
3
-

13
12
1
1

12
12
12

2
2
2

12
11
1

7
7
"

33
32
1

5
5
■

_
“

10
9
1

4
3
1
1

5
5
-

_
■

.
-

10_
10
"

-

“

-

■

“

12
12
~

9
5
4
4

8
8
"

1
1
~

15
15
“

"

"

4
4
-

-

4
4
-

6
6
2

5
3
2
-

19
3
16
2

6
1
5
-

2
2
-

9
1
8
~

21
14
7
7

6
6
-

19
18
1
-

4
4
-

~

5
1
4

5
1
4

22
10
12

4
4
-

8
1
7

3
3
-

12
11
1

22
22
“

3
3
"

9
8
1

22
20
2

47
24
23

10
10
2

5
1
4
4

41
11
30
-

27
27
4

38
37
1
~

8
8
4

2
2
2

12
3
9
"

4
1
3
1

1
1
-

8
8
"

24
22
2
“

7
1
6
“

19
7
12
6

31
9
22
22

1
1
-

24
24
"

14
12
2
2

45
8
37
37

13
11
2
2

7
7
-

-

7
7
_

"

1
1
-

1
1
“

-

-

-

3
3
3

17
9
8
8

9
9
-

“

"

12
1
11
11

2
2
■

4
4
"

4
4
"

"

27
3
24
24
-

2
2
2

-

-

2
2
2

-

-

~

-

-

_

-

-

11
------p
10
10

7
7
-

13
2
11
5

22
22
2

8
8
“

19
5
14
10

~

7
7
1

H e lp e rs , tr a d e s , m ain ten an ce ..................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g .............................. ..
P u b lic u tilitie s * ...................................

325
169
156
143

1 .4 4
1 .4 7
1 .4 0
1 .4 1

22
11
11
9

16
9
7
6

5
4
1
1

26
26
-

50
14
36
36

14
2
12
12

M a c h in is ts , m ain ten an ce ............... ..............
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...............................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * ...................................

96
66
30
26

1 .9 4
2 .0 2
1 .7 7
1 .7 4

-

-

-

-

-

-

M e ch a n ics , autom otive
(m ain ten an ce) ..................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ............... ...............................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * ...................................
R e ta il trad e .............................................

668
70
598
443
93

1 .7 5
1 .7 9
1 .7 5
1 .7 6
1 .5 3

6
6
6
-

6
6
6
-

6
16
- ----- 5“
10
6
6
10
-

6
6
6
-

8
8
2
6

27
1
26
26

3
3
3
-

3
3
2
1

41
41
31
10

23
3
20
15
5

57
17
40
28
12

28
8
20
19
1

42
42
2
-

133
3
130
120
10

127
7
120
118
2

13
13
4
9

47
3
44
44
-

15
8
7
6
1

15
8
7
1
-

7
3
4
-

8
8
-

_
-

M e ch a n ics , m a in ten an ce ..............................
M anufacturing ................................... ..
N onm anufacturing ......................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * ...................................

404
328
76
40

1 .8 2
1 .8 7
1 .5 9
1 .7 8

8
8

“

~

4
4
4

6
6

13
13
8

1
1
"

9
9
6

■

7
47
26
24 ------T ~ S T
3
2
"
“
~

49
44
5
"

12
12
-

7
6
1
1

5
5
“

31
31
-

5
1
4
“

11
11
“

58
58
“

90
69
21
21

8
8
“

6
6
"

1
1
~

.
-

_
-

O ile rs .....................................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ................................................

57
54

1 .5 4
1 .5 5

-

-

-

1
1

19
19

-

-

8
6

4
3

8
8

2
2

-

4
4

-

2
2

-

6
6

-

3
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

P a in te r s , m ain ten an ce ..................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................

128
70

1 .8 6
1 .7 3

_

6
6

2
2

-

4
1

3
2

7
4

1
-

7
-

6
1

7
1

22
16

6
1

17
-

_

-

18
18

1

-

2
2

1

-

-

6
6

1
1

P lu m b e rs , m ain ten an ce .................................

31

1 .9 7

.

.

.

.

.

1

2

3

2

_

2

_

7

7

5

_

.

T o o l-a n d -d ie m a k e r s ........................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ................................................

146
146

2 . 18
2 . 18

1

5
5

2
2

2
2

1
1

8
8 -

42
42

23
23

25
25

2
----- T ~

_
-

.

1 E xclu d es p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and nightw ork.
* T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r public u t ilitie s .




9
----- 5“

’

2

1

4
4

O ccu p atio n al W age S u rv ey , D a lla s , T e x . , S e p te m b e r 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R

1

11
11

*

4
4

18
18

B u re a u of L a b o r S t a tis tic s

II
T a b le A -4 :

C u sto d ia l a n d M a te ria l M o v e m e n t O c c u p a t io n s

(A verage h ou rly ea rn in g s 1 fo r s e le c te d o ccu p ation s 2 studied on an a r e a b a s is
in D a lla s , T e x . , by in d u stry d iv isio n , S e p te m b e r 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Average
hourly Under 0 .6 5 0 . 70 0 .7 5 0 .8 0 0 . 85 0 .9 0 0 .
1 . 00 95 .0 5 1 . 10 1. 15 1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5
1
earnings $
0 .6 5
.9 0
.7 0
.8 0
.7 5
.8 5
.9 5 1 . 00 1 .0 5 1 . 10 1. 15 1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1 .5 5 1 .6 0

Number
of
W
orkers

O ccupation and in d u stry d iv isio n

281
?,ng
73
55

$
1 .5 5
1 , h ?.
1 .3 5
1 .3 9

F in a n c e * * ................................................ .. .

2 ,6 2 7
1 ,0 6 2
1 ,5 6 5
388
49 l
333

1 .0 4
1 .2 4
.9 0
1 . 11
, 80
.8 9

J a n i t o r s , p o r te r s , and c le a n e r s
(w o m e n )...................................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ..................................................
N on m an ufacturin g .........................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * ......................................
P Atail frarlo , _
■
_

500
107
393
92
196

.7 9
l.o d
.7 3
1 .0 6
. 62

L a b o r e r s , m a te r ia l h a n d l i n e .......................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g .........................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * ....................................
R e ta il t r a d e .................. .............................

3, 277
1 , 061
2 , 216
979
667

1 .1 8
1 .3 3
1 . 11

890

1 .2 2

M a n u fa c tu r in g ....................................................
N on m an ufacturin g .........................................

237
653

1 .4 7
1. 13

G u ard s ..........................................................................
N onm an ufacturin g .................................
F i n a n c e * * .................................................. .

J a n i t o r s , p o r te r s , and c le a n e r s
( m e n ) ..........................................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ....................................................
N on m an ufacturin g ...................................... ..
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ....................................„

1 .2 2

1 .0 5

110

66

no
-

66

20

194

194

*138

_
60

31
31
31

P a c k e r s , shipping (women) ............................
N on m an ufacturin g ................................. ..

R e ce iv in g c l e r k s ................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...................................................
N on m an ufacturin g .........................................
R e ta il tra d e ......................................

418
—

w

r

217
38

40
32

244
120

124
58

."33 1 . 11
.9 7

337
42
295
28

23
23
-

_

“

“

135
15

119
33

120

86

115

26
48
33

19
25
26

16
106
25
15
40

29
— r “
24
-

35
19
16
-

20
12
8

16

57

12

11

4
4

46
45

254
39
215

431
65
366
74
189

53
53

21

95

144

_

124
9
6i
34

20

2

2
2

126
126

-

8

24
24
24

-

-

-

8

2

38

68

162
11

11

21

-

-

36

11

21

35

1

“

-

321
17
304
158

1

28

-

-

4
4

-

“

14
----8

40
17
23

5

8

1

122

399
311

120

31

46
74
47

140
48
92
71

29

3

13

-

6
6

155
75
80
12
8

3

30
30~
-

74
11

63
36

88
9

10
1

15
2

—

9
r~

7

4
— r~

4

22

4

3

3
1
1

5

4

4
4

“

3
3

20
20

33
32

10

19
3
3

2
1
1

75
43
32

35
29

6

99
24
75
70

6
6

__
_

14
4

5

-

.
.

„
_
-

2
2

211

25

5

-

-

1
1

22

—

I T

1
1

2

143
140
3

18
14
4
4

55
39

65
64

16
16

1
1

98
96

5
5
_

56
56

tu
in

10

15
A
0

O
c

*

*

-

_

5

_
_
-

„
_
_

2

_

_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

_
_

3
3
_

_
_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_

_
_
.
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

517
107
410
406
-

94
56
38
38
~

43
39
4
_

23
23
_
_

_
_

137
137
_
_

_

_
_

-

■

"

“

“

2

1

-

-

-

-

1

_

8
8

1
1

-

13
9

8
8

3
3

22
22

-

278
59
219
46
44

148
83
65

110

49
61
5
34

247
117
130
13
94

124
85
39

85
27
58

8
26

12

8

42
17
25
3

31

73

12

1

35
9
26
26
*

146

90

12

1

26
13
13

12
2
10

6
6

45
31
14

54
18
36

141
79
62

44
44

18
18

4
4

-

5
5

-

-

89

92
92

23
3

134

63
63

39

55

10

-

26
17
9

27
3
24

-

24
24

80
80

-

6
6

6
6

-

-

-

1

1

'

'

‘

'

'

'

'

5

31

34

34

2
1
1

4

20
11
10

35
35
-

-

4

1

8
20

116
95

20

-

5

16

9
4

"

'

-

“

29
“ Z
1
5
1
5

1
1

2

—

T ~

2

“

8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

8
8

S e e fo o tn o tes at end o f ta b le .
* T ra n s p o r ta tio n (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o ther public u t ilit ie s .
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .




_
“

~

12

1 .0 6
1 .0 6

1 .4 5
" 1 .6 8 ....
1 .2 3
1 .1 9

-

142
142
1 15
27

_
“

-

1 .2 2

1

_

“

'
P a c k e r s , shipping (m en) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M a n u fa c tu r in g ................................................
N on m an ufacturin g ........................................
R e ta il t r a d e ......................... ........................

3
3
3

6

-

-

$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 . 80 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 . 10
and
1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 . 00 2 . 10 over

9
9

1
1

2

21
2

29
7

55
5

-

-

7
7
2

1

t>2

1

-

12

-

1
1

50

1
1

'
6

-----5 -

1
----- j -

8

4

1
1

6
2

14
14

1
1

'
18
-----g“
10
10

8

9

2

1

-

-

-

-

11
2

8
8

1
8
2

-

-

2
2

1
1

11

'

10
1

17

16

-

11

9

17

1

1

5
3

19
3
16
1

-

-

-

7
5

3
3

2

5

2

2

1

2

3

2

-

1

3

-

1

O ccu p atio n al Wage Su rv ey , D a lla s , T e x . , S ep tem b er 1953
U .S . D EP A R T M EN T O F LA BO R
B u reau of L a b o r S ta tis tic s

12

T a b le A -4 :

C u sto d ia l a n d M a te r ia l M o v em en t O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d

(A v erag e h ou rly e a rn in g s 1 f o r s e le c te d o ccu p a tio n s2 stud ied on an a r e a b a s is
in D a lla s , T e x . , by in d u stry d iv isio n , S e p te m b e r 1953)

Shipping c l e r k s ..................................................
M anufacturing . ........................................ .
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ............................ ..

185
115
70

$
1 .5 1
1 .6 0
1 .3 8

"

S h ip p in g -a n d -receiv in g c le r k s ...............
M a n u fa c tu r in g .............................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ......................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
R e ta il tra d e ...........................................

370
133
237
155
43

1 .'48
1 .5 9
1 .4 2
1 .4 7
1 .1 1

-

T r u c k d r iv e r s , lig h t (under
IV 2 t o n s ) ............................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g .............................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ......................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * ...................................
R e ta il tra d e ...........................................

386
86
300
103
88

1 .2 5
1 ,2 1
1 .2 6
1 ,3 9
1 .3 5

T ru c k d riv e r s , m edium (IV 2 to and
including 4 t o n s ) .............................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g .................................... ..
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ......................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................

1 ,0 2 8
189
839
617

1 .3 7
1 .3 3
1 .3 7
1 .4 7

T r u c k d riv e r s , heavy (ov er 4 to n s,
t r a il e r type) ....................................................
M anu facturing .............................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g .....................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * ...................................

471
116
355
164

1 .4 6
1 .3 6
1 .4 9
1 .4 7

508

1 .4 2
1 .4 8
1 .3 6
1 .3 6

T r u c k e r s , power ( f o r k l i f t ) .........................
M a n u fa ctu rin g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g .......... ...........................
P u b lic u tilitie s * ...................................

244
180

16
11
5

~

2
2

9
9
*

44
22
22

17
5
12

1
1

20
3
17

4
4

20
20

20
20
“

2
2
“

13
13
-

10
10
-

"

_
-

_
_
-

.
_
-

15
15
4
11

19
19
8
11

9
9
8
-

5
3
2
-

20
20
16
4

29
29
4
11

38
20
18
12
6

-

18
14
4
4
-

11
9
2
2
-

_

!
1
1
-

28
10
18
6
-

85
22
63
63
-

31
28
3
3
-

49
25
24
24
-

-

6
6
-

6
2
4
-

.
"

13
13
13

11
10
1
-

39
13
-

34
5
29
11

38
38
2

12
12
1

26
5
21
1

6
6
4

69
5
64
59
3

12
8
4
1
3

7
7
2
5

15
12
- — r
6
15
2
13
6

18
45
2 ------ T
16
39
39
16
"

9
9
-

*

1
1
“

3
3
“

_
"

10
10
10

-

8
8
“

36
36
-

1
1
*

57
28
29
18

111
5
106
28

6
1
5
~

13
12
1
-

41
1
40
40

92
14
78
54

39
24
15
■

27
21
6
1

16
7
9
4

20
8
12
4

24
18
6
1

15
15
4

469
6
463
463

34
34
"

2
2
-

10
10
~

7
7
"

"

■

48
26
22
~

33

18

6

-

-

-

-

33
"

18
18

6
6

-

30
16
14
10

20

-

20
6

40
26
14
“

2
2
2

8
7
1
1

9
1
8
"

37
1
36
2

107
107
107

32
24
8
8

9
8
1
1

9
7
2
2

1
1
1

■

9
9
“

36
18'
18
18

4
4
4

21
1
20
20

48
28~
20
20

11
7
4
4

55
33
22
22

6
1
5
5

29
22
7
7

1
1
1

22
22
-

11
5
6
6

80
37
43
1

115
43
72
72

10
10
-

17
17
-

20
20
“

_
“

•
“

.
**

6
6
-

-

*

-

"

-

“

-

-

-

6

-

-

-

-

-

-

6

_

-

-

4
4
”

9
9

4

-

-

-

.

-

6

40
23
17
6
3

1
1
1

'

‘
T r u c k e r s , power (oth er than f o r k l i f t ) . .

132

1 .5 0

W atch m en .................................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ................................................
N onm anufacturing ......................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .............................. ....
R e ta il tra d e .............................................

324
175
149
43
65

1 .0 1
1 .0 8
.9 2
1 .0 1
.9 4

*1 7
17
5

-

1
1

53
14
39
6
25

41
26
15
4
1

'

23

2
26
26
-

-

-

-

-

'

'

12
2
10
2
8

3
3
1
1

23
7
16
14
2

30
20
10
1
7

5
1
4
2
2

1 E x clu d es p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and nightw ork.
2 Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs e x cep t w h ere o th e rw ise in d icate d .
]
W o rk ers w e re d istrib u te d a s fo llo w s: 18 a t $ 0 .4 5 to $ 0 .5 0 ; 24 a t $ 0 .5 0 to $ 0 . 5 5 ; 46 a t $ 0 . 5 5 to $ 0 . 6 0 ; 50 a t $ 0 .6 0 to $ 0 . 6 5 .
4 W o rk ers w e re d istrib u te d as fo llo w s: 56 a t $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2 .3 0 .
5 W o rk ers w e re d istrib u te d a s fo llo w s: 14 a t $ 0 . 55 to $ 0 . 60; 3 a t $ 0 . 60 to $ 0 . 6 5 .
* T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r public u t ilitie s .




over

7
7

_
-

-

2 .1 0

“

_
-

-

2 .0 0

-

-

■-

1 .9 0

“

-

-

1. 80

~

-

_

S1 .7 0 * 1 .8 0 $1 .9 0 $2 . 00 $2 . 10
and

“

~

-

0

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Average CJnder $ .6 5 $ .7 0 $ 75 $ .8 0 $ .8 5 $ .9 0 $ .9 5 $1 .0 0 $ .0 5 *1 .1 0 *1 .1 5 $1 .2 0
0.
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
*1*. 25 $1 .3 0 $1 .3 5 $1 .4 0 $1 .4 5 $1 .5 0 $1 .5 5
hourly
earnings $
3 .6 5
.7 0
.7 5
.8 0
.8 5
.9 0
.9 5 1 .0 0 1 .0 5 1 .1 0 1 .1 5 1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 .5 5 1 .6 0

0

O ccupation and in d u stry d iv isio n

Number
of
W
orkers

8

8

12
11
1
1

16
6
10
1
9

5
3
2
2

24
24
-

2

6
4
1
3
3

10

40

10

4

1
1
-

8
8
-

-

-

-

4 56
56
■

.

_
-

-

-

-

9

2
2
-

-

-

B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions

Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions 1
P e r c e n t of m an u factu rin g plan t w o rk e r s -

S h ift d iffe re n tia l

T o t a l .....................................................................................

(a)
In e s ta b lis h m e n ts having
fo r m a l p ro v is io n s fo r T h ird o r
Second
o th er
sh ift
sh ift
w ork
w ork

7 3 .4

6 4 .2

(b)
A c tu a lly w orking on Secon d
sh ift

T h ird o r
o th e r
sh ift

1 5 .3

2 .9

W ith sh ift pay d i f f e r e n t i a l ........................................

6 9 -0

6 1 .8

14. 1

2 .4

U n ifo rm ce n ts (p er h our) ................................
5 c e n t s ...................................................................
6 c e n ts .................................................................
7 c e n ts .................................................................
7 V2 c e n ts ............................................................
10 c e n t s .................................................................
12 c e n t s .................................................................
O v er 12 c e n t s ....................................................

61. 1
1 5 .9
.6
9 .2
2 8 .8
4 .9
1 .7

3 5 .4
8 .4

1 1 .5
2 .5

1. 7
.1

U n ifo rm p e rc e n ta g e .............................................
5 p e r c e n t ..............................................................
7 V2 p e r c e n t .........................................................

7 .9
7 .9
-

7 .9
2 .6
5 .3

O th e r .............................................................................
No sh ift pay d i f f e r e n t i a l ..........................................

4 .4

-

_

_

3 .1

2. 1
5 .9
.6

-

-

2 0 .2
2 .0
1 .7

3 1 8 .5
2 .4

.5

.4

.7
(2 )
.4

2 .6
2 .6
-

.2
.2

-

-

.5

1 .2

.5

1 S h ift d iffe r e n tia l data a r e p re se n te d in te r m s of (a) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o lic y , and (b) w o rk e r s a c tu a lly em p loyed
on la te s h ifts a t th e tim e of the su rv e y .
An e s ta b lis h m e n t w as c o n sid e re d a s having a p o lic y i f it m e t e ith e r of
th e follow ing co n d itio n s: ( l ) O p erated la te sh ifts a t th e tim e o f the su rv e y , or (2) had fo r m a l p ro v is io n s co v erin g
la te s h i f t s .
2 L e s s th an 0 .0 5 p e rc e n t.
3 F u ll d ay ’ s pay fo r red u ced h o u rs, plus 7Vz c e n ts p e r h o u r.




O ccu p atio n al W age S u rv ey , D a lla s , T e x . , S e p te m b e r 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s

14
T a b le

B -2:

S c h e d u le d

P e r c e n t of o ffic e w o rk e rs
W eekly h ou rs

A l l w o rk ers ...........................................................................

30 hou rs ...................................................................................
35 hou rs ...................................................................................
37 V2 h o u r s .............................. ..............................................
O ver 3 7 V2 and under 40 h o u r s ...................................
40 hou rs ..................................................................................
O ver 40 and under 44 h o u rs ............................ ............
44 h o u r s .......... ....................................... ...............................
Over 44 and under 48 h o u r s .............................. ..
48 hou rs ..................................................................................
O ver 48 and under 50 h o u r s ........................................
50 h o u r s ......................... ........................................................
Over 50 and under 54 h o u r s ...................................
54 h ou rs ..................................................................................
Over 54 h o u r s ......................................................................
1
2
3
*
**

A ll
in d u s trie s 1
2
1 0 0 .0
0. 8
.7
6 .0
78. 9
4. 7
7 .2
.9
.8
“

M an u factu rin g

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

1 00. 0

1 0 0 .0

2 .6
90. 1
5. 3
1 .0
.6
.4
-

“

2 .3
.9
84. 7
4. 3
4 .9
2. 1
.8
_
“

W e e k ly

H o u rs

em ployed in R e ta il tra d e
1 0 0 .0

3 .2
9 .3
6 2 .7
9 .1
14. 5
1 .2
*

P e r c e n t of p la n t w o rk e r s em p loyed in F in a n ce

**

1 0 0 .0

1 3 .9
8 5 .7
.4
_
_
_
_

A ll
in d u stries 3

M an u fa ctu rin g

P u b lic
u t ilitie s *

100. 0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 .7
_
_
6 7 .2
1 .2
_
1 6 .7
6 .8
_
2 .9
_
1 .1
2 .4

_
5 2 .5
_
_
3. 6
1 4 .8
1 .7
2 2 .0
5 .4
_
~

0 .5
.8
2. 6
50. 3
5 .4
6. 1
1 1 .8
1 2 .8
.3

6 .4
.8
1 .1
1 .1

_

R e ta il tra d e
1 0 0 .0

_
1 1 .2
24. 6
16. 1
1 6 .2
8 .2
1 4 .0
_
7. 1
2. 6
-

Data r e la te to w om en w o rk e r s .
Includes data fo r w h o lesale tra d e and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
Inclu des data fo r w h o le sale tr a d e , r e a l e s ta t e , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r p ublic u t ilitie s .
F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .

Table B-3: Paid Holidays1
P e r c e n t of p la n t w o rk e r s em p loyed in -

P e r c e n t of o ffic e w o rk e rs em ployed in N um ber of paid holidays

A ll w o r k e r s .........................................................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing
paid h o lid a y s ....................................................................
1 day ..............................................................................
2 days .............................................................................
3 days .............................................................................
4 days .............................................................................
5 days .............................................................................
6 days .............................................................................
7 days .............................................................................
8 days .............................................................................
10 days ..........................................................................
14 days and o v e r .......................................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing
no paid h o lid a y s ............................................................
1
2
3
4
*
**

M an u factu rin g

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
.2
.5
9 .5
3 2 .4
33. 6
9. 6
4 .2
.9
9. 1

9 9 .8
.4
.5
5 .0
14. 3
6 8 .4
1 1 .2
-

1 0 0 .0
.6
20. 3
3 6 .2
40. 1
2 .8
-

(4 )

.2

A ll
in d u s trie s 2

-

“

F in a n ce * *

A ll
in d u stries 3

M an u factu rin g

P u b lic
u t ilitie s *

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

85. 1
.8
3 .2
2 .8
1 5 .6
20. 6
34. 5
6 .9
.7
-

9 1 .8
2 .5
1 .1
8 .3
1 7 .5
5 9 .2
3 .2
-

8 2 .4
4 .2
1 7 .8
2 5 .7
3 4 .7
-

8 1 .4
3. 6
2 .5
3 .0
4 2 .2
2 5 .9
4 .2
-

1 4 .9

8 .2

17. 6

1 8 .6

R e ta il tra d e

-

.5
1 .7
4 5 .8
2 8 .0
2 4 .0
“

-

.9
5 0 .6
1 2 .6
6 .5
1 .3
2 8 .1

E s tim a te s includ e only fu ll-d a y h o lid a y s.
O ccu p atio n al W age S u rv e y , D a lla s , T e x . , S e p te m b e r 1953
Includes data fo r w h o le sale tra d e and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
In cludes data fo r w h o le sale tr a d e , r e a l e s ta t e , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
L e s s than 0. 05 p e rc e n t.
T ra n s p o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r p ublic u t ilit ie s .
F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .




R e ta il tra d e

U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
B u re a u of L a b o r S t a tis tic s

15
T a b le B -4:

P a id V a c a t io n s (F o rm a l P r o v is io n s )

P e r c e n t of o ffic e w o rk e rs em ployed in V a c a tio n p o lic y

A ll w o r k e r s .........................................................................

M anufacturing

P u b lic
u t ilitie s *

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

9 9 .7
9 9 .7
3 5 .9
6 3 .8
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
3 5 .9
6 3 .9
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
5 6 .4
4 3 .6
-

.3

.2

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
10. 1
1 .3
8 8 .6
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
6. 2
.9
9 2 .7
-

(4)

.2

100. 0
1 0 0 .0
7 .0
.6
9 2 .4
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
3 .6
.8
9 5 .4
-

(4)

.2

A ll
in d u s trie s 1

P e r c e n t of plan t wcirk e rs em ployed in F in a n c e * *

A ll
in d u s trie s 2

M an u facturin g

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

R e ta il tra d e

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

9 7 .8
9 7 .8
85. 1
1 2 .7
-

1 0 0 .0
100. 0
4 .6
9 5 .4
-

93. 1
8 7 .2
7 2 .7
1 4 .5
5 .2
4. 1
1. 1
.7

9 6 .9
86. 1
78. 1
8 .0
1 0 .8
8 .4
2 .4
-

9 7 .3
9 2 .8
66. 1
2 6 .7
4 ,5

8 8 .3
8 8 .3
7 5 .7
1 2 .6
-

6 .9

3. 1

2 .7

1 1 .7

9 6 .9
86. 1
5 6 .2
2 .0
2 7 .9
1 0 .8
8 .4
2 .4
-

1 0 0 .0
9 5 .5
42. 1
5 3 .4
4 .5

9 0 .6

R e ta il tra d e

A fte r 1 y e a r of s e r v ic e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
paid v a ca tio n s ...............................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t ......................................
1 w e e k .......................................................................
2 w eek s ....................................................................
P e r c e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 ...........................................
2 p e rc e n t ..................................................................
4 p e rc e n t ..................................................................
F la t- s u m pay m en t ...................................................
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
paid v a c a t io n s ..................................................................

*

2 .2

A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providin g
paid v a c a tio n s . . . . .....................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t ......................................
1 w e e k .......................................................................
O v er 1 and un d er 2 w e ek s ............................
2 w e e k s ............... ....................................................
P e r c e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 ...........................................
2 p e r c e n t ..................................................................
4 p e r c e n t ..................................................................
F la t - s u m paym en t ...................................................
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
paid v a c a t i o n s ..................................................................

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 5 .8
. 1
84. 1
“

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
2 0 .7
4. 7
7 4 .6
“

100. 0
1 0 0 .0
_
1 0 0 .0
-

94. 1
8 8 .2
45. 6
5 .3
3 7 .3
5 .2
4. 1
1. 1
.7
5 .9

3. 1

“

9 0 .6

3 5 .5
1 0 .3
4 4 .8
9 .4

A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov idin g
paid v a c a t i o n s ................................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t .......................................
1 w e e k .......................................................................
O v er 1 and und er 2 w e e k s ............................
2 w e ek s ....................................................................
P e r c e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 ...........................................
2 p e r c e n t ..................................................................
4 p e r c e n t ..................................................................
F la t- s u m paym ent ...................................................
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
paid v a c a t i o n s ..................................................................

100. 0
100. 0
5 .7
9 4 .3
-

S ee fo o tn o tes a t end o f ta b le .
*
T ra n s p o r ta tio n (exclud in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n, and o th er public utilities.^
* * F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .




1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 4 .2
-

8 5 .8
-

100. 0
100. 0
-

1 0 0 .0
-

94. 1
8 8 .2
3 0 .6
5 .4
5 2 .2
5 .2
3. 1
2. 1
.7
5 .9

9 6 .9
8 6 .1
3 6 .3
7 .4
4 2 .4
1 0 .8
6 .5
4 .3
-

1 0 0 .0
9 5 .5
2 4 .5
7 1 .0
4 .5

3. 1

O ccupation al Wage Surv ey , D a lla s , T e x . , S ep tem b er 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F LA BO R
B u re a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s

9 0 .6
9 0 .6

2 4 .7
6 5 .9
9 .4

16
T a b le B-4:

P a id V a c a t io n s (F o rm a l P r o v is io n s )- C o n tin u e d
P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o rk e r s em ployed in -

P e r c e n t of o ffic e w o rk e rs em ployed in V a ca tio n p o lic y

A ll w o r k e r s ........................................................................

A ll
in d u s tr ie s 1

M anufa ctu r ing

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

F in a n ce * *

A ll
in d u s trie s 2

R e ta il tra d e

M an u factu rin g

P u b lic
u t ilitie s *

R e ta il tra d e

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0
1 0 0 .0
3 .6
.4
9 4 .3
. 1
1 .6
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
2. 2
96. 0
.6
1 .0
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
4 .7
9 5 .3
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 .8
_
8 9 .4
_
.8
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 6 .2
3 .8
-

9 4 .1
8 8 .2
2 0 .4
2. 1
6 4 .2
.7
.8
5 .2
1 .9
3 .3
.7

9 6 .9
86. 1
2 5 .2
1 .0
5 8 .3
1 .6
1 0 .8
3 .9
6 .9
-

1 0 0 .0
9 5 .5
8 .4
_
87. 1
4 .5

9 0 .6
9 0 .6
1 7 .0
7 0 .3
3 .3
-

5 .9

3. 1

9 4 .1
8 8 .2
9 .8
7 6 .7
.8
.9
5 .2
1 .9
3 .3
.7

9 6 .9
86. 1
6 .8
7 7 .8
1 .5
1 0 .8
3 .9
6 .9
-

•

5 .9

3. 1

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
6 2 .6
3 7 .4
-

9 4 .1
8 8 .2
9 .8
5 6 .9
2 1 .5
5 .2
1 .9
2 .6
.7
.7

9 6 .9
8 6 .1
6 .8
5 8 .7
2 0 .6
1 0 .8
3 .9
5 .5
1 .4
-

5 .9

3 .1

A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing
paid v a ca tio n s ..............................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t ......................................
1 w e e k ......................................................................
O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ............................
2 w eeks ...................................................................
O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ............................
3 w eeks ...................................................................
P e rc e n ta g e p a y m en t3 ..........................................
2 p e rce n t .................................................................
4 p e rce n t .................................................................
F la t-s u m p aym ent ..................................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing no
paid v a c a tio n s .................................................................

(4)

.2

~

100. 0
100. 0
2 .9
92. 2
1 .8
3. 1
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
2 .2
9 1 .9
.6
5 .1
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 .3
9 6 .7
-

-

*

-

9 -4

A fte r 10 y e a r s of B e rv ice
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing
paid v a ca tio n s ..............................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t .....................................
1 w e e k .................................................................- .
2 w eeks ...................................................................
O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ............................
3 w eeks ....................................................................
P e rc e n ta g e p a y m en t3 ..........................................
2 p e r c e n t .................................................................
4 p e rce n t .................................................................
F la t-s u m paym ent ..................................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing no
paid v a c a tio n s .................................................................

(4)

.2

*

1 0 0 .0
1 00. 0
5 .4
9 3 .8
.8
■

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 1 .2
5 .0
3 .8
-

1 0 0 .0
9 5 .5
6 .7
8 8 .8
4. 5
"

9 0 .6
9 0 .6
1 0 .9
7 6 .4
3 .3
9 .4

A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing
paid v a c a t i o n s ...............................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t......................................
1 w e e k .......................................................................
2 w e e k s .................................................... ..............
3 w eeks ...................................................................
P e rc e n ta g e p a y m en t3 ..........................................
2 p e rc e n t .................................................................
4 p e rce n t .................................................................
6 p e r c e n t .........................................................
F la t-s u m paym ent ..................................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing no
paid v a c a tio n s .................................................................

100. 0
1 0 0 .0
2 .9
5 5 .8
4 1 .3
(4)

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
2 .2
4 0 .2
5 7 .4
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 .3
4 4 .2
5 2 .5
-

.2

See footnote s a t end o f ta b le .
*
T ra n s p o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r p ublic u t ilitie s .
* * F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .




1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
5 .4
58. 1
3 6 .5
-

1 0 0 .0
9 5 .5
6 .7
36. 1
5 2 .7
4. 5

9 0 .6
9 0 .6
1 0 .9
6 7 .9
1 1 .8
9 .4

17
T a b l e B-4*

P a id V a c a t i o n s (F o r m a l P r o v i s i o n s ) - C o n t i n u e d

P e r c e n t of o ffic e w o rk e rs em ployed in —
V a ca tio n p o lic y

A ll w o r k e r s ............................................................................

A ll
in d u strie s 1

P e r c e n t of p lan t w o rk e rs em ployed in -

M anufacturing

P u b lic
u tilitie s

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
2 .9
5 1 .8
45. 3
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
2 .2
40. 2
5 7 .4
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 .3
2 8 .9
6 7 .8
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
5 .4
5 3 .0
4 1 .6
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
5 9 .8
4 0 .2
-

*

R e ta il tra d e

F in a n c e * *

A ll
in d u s trie s 2

M an u factu rin g

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 00. 0

1 0 0 .0

94. 1
8 8 .2
9 .8
5 4 .9
2 3 .5
5 .2
1 .9
2. 6
.7
.7

9 6 .9
8 6 .1
6 .8
5 8 .7
20. 6
10. 8
3 .9
5 .5
1 .4
-

1 0 0 .0
9 5 .5
6 .7
2 9 .1
5 9 .7
4 .5

9 0 .6
9 0 .6
1 0 .9
6 3 .8
1 5 .9
-

R e ta il tra d e

A fte r 20 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
paid v a c a t i o n s ....................................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t .........................................
1 w e e k .........................................................................
2 w eek s .......................................................................
3 w eek s ............... ......................................................
P e r c e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 ......................................
2 p e r c e n t ....................................................................
4 p e r c e n t ....................................................................
6 p e r c e n t ....................................................................
F la t- s u m paym ent ................................................... ..
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
paid v a c a t io n s ....................................................................

(4 )

.2

-

”

“

5 .9

3. 1

9 .4
'

A fte r 25 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
paid v a c a t i o n s ....................................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t .........................................
1 w e e k ..........................................................................
2 w eek s ....................... ...............................................
3 w eek s ............................................................... ..
4 w e e k s .......................................................................
P e r c e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 ..............................................
2 p e r c e n t ....................................................................
4 p e r c e n t ....................................................... ..
6 p e r c e n t ....................................................................
F la t- s u m pay m en t . .................................. ................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
paid v a ca tio n s ....................................................................

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
2 .9
49. 6
33. 6
1 3 .9
-

9 9 .8
2 .2
4 0 .2
4 5 .5
1 1 .9
-

(4 )

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3.3
2 8 .0
6 8 .7
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
5 9 .8
2 1 .6
1 8 .6
-

.2

99.8

5.4

4 8 .3
7.7
3 8 .6
-

1 In clu d es data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
2 In clu d es d a ta -fo r w h o le sa le tr a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s si own s e p a r a te ly .
3 P e r c e n t of annual e a r n in g s .
4 L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t.
* T ra n s p o r ta tio n (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th er public u t ilitie s .
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .




9 4 .1
8 8 .2
9 .8
5 2 .2
2 1 .5
4 .7
5 .2
1 .9
2. 6

9 6 .9
8 6 .1
6 .8
5 8 .7
1 7 .3
3.3
1 0 .8
3 .9

100. 0
9 5 .5
6 .7
2 0 .4
6 8 .4
-

5.5

.7
.7

1 .4
-

4. 5

5 .9

3. 1

-

9 0 .6
9 0 .6
1 0 .9
5 8 .2
8 .9
1 2 .6
9 .4

18

T a b l e B-5:

H e a l t h , I n s u r a n c e , a n d P e n sio n P la n s

P e r c e n t of o ffic e w o rk e rs em ployed in Type of plan

All w o r k e r s ..........................................................................
W o rk ers in esta b lis h m e n ts providing:
L ife i n s u r a n c e ..............................................................
A c cid e n ta l death and d ism e m b erm en t
in s u ra n ce ......................................................................
S ick n e s s and a cc id e n t i n s u r a n c e .......................
S ic k le a v e (full pay and no
w aiting p eriod ) .........................................................
S ic k lea v e (p a rtia l pay o r
w aiting p e r i o d ) .........................................................
H osp italizatio n in su ra n ce ......................................
S u rg ic a l i n s u r a n c e .....................................................
M e d ical in su ra n ce .....................................................
C atastro p h e in su ra n ce .............................................
R e tire m e n t p ensio n ..................................................
H ealth, in s u ra n c e , o r p ensio n plan
not lis te d above ......................................................
No h ea lth , in s u ra n c e , o r p en sio n plan . . . . .
Data not a v a ila b le ...........................................................

1
2
*
**

P e r c e n t of p la n t w o rk e r s em p loyed in -

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

R e ta il tra d e

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

90. 6

9 4 .7

9 4 .3

9 0 .4

8 6 .3

82. 6

1 7 .4
2 2 .9

4 9 .9
76. 1

7 .0
4 .6

5 .1
1 1 .9

6 .8

2 4 .0
37. 1

2 8 .5

4 6 .2

2 0 .0

2 6 .8

2 6 .8

A ll
in d u s trie s 1
2

1 0 0 .0

M an u facturin g

1 1 .6
6 8 .9
5 1 .2
17. 1
4. 1
6 6 .3

2. 6
88. 7
7 3 .4
10. 5
8 0 .4

7 9 .6

2 9 .1
7 4 .5
6 1 .0
4 1 .0
3 3 .5
5 2 .2

1 .4
5. 7

1 .5
2. 1

2. 3

3 .2

_

3 8 .9
4 3 .0
32. 1
6 .7
-

F in a n c e * *

-

1 0 0 .0

z

M an u factu rin g

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

R e ta il tra d e

100. 0

1 00. 0

8 1 .9

8 8 .2

8 4 .2

3 4 .7
5 9 .7

2 0 .4
1 6 .8

1 2 .9
1 1 .2

1 0 0 .0

7 .8

2. 1

14. 7

1 4 .3

_
7 7 .4
6 6 .3
1 3 .0

6 0 .1

7. 1
6 5 .4
53. 7
1 3 .2
2 .0
50. 0

6 1 .1

3 1 .7
48. 6
29. 8
. 1
60. 0

8 .2
5 7 .2
4 6 .9
2 0 .0
8 .5
3 3 .1

2 .2
1 1 .9

.7
11. 5

1 1 .2

.

7 3 .2
4 5 .3
1 8 .0
-

In clu des data fo r w h o le sale trad e and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
In clu des data fo r w h o lesale tr a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th er p ublic u t ilitie s .
F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .




A ll
in d u s trie s

-

1

.

0

_
7. 1

_
1 1 .8

O ccu p atio n al Wage S u rv ey , D a lla s , T e x . , S e p te m b e r 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s

19
T a b l e B-6:

O v e rtim e P ay P ra c tic e s

P e r c e n t of o ffic e w o rk e rs em ployed in O v e rtim e p o lic y

A ll w o r k e r s .........................................................................

P e r c e n t of plant w o rk e rs em ployed in A ll
in d u s trie s 2

M anufacturing

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

R e ta il trad e

A ll
in d u strie s 1

M anufacturing

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

R e ta il tra d e

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

3 2 .0
2 7 .0
1 .4
25. 5
. 1
1. 3
3. 7

43. 3
43. 3
2. 4
4 0 .9
-

58. 5
54. 6
54. 6
3 .9

13. 4
1 3 .4
6 .5
5. 8
1. 1
-

16. 2
2. 8
2. 8
3. 8
9 .6

53. 2
51. 8
1. 8
47. 1
2 .9
1. 2
.2

73. 2
73. 2
1. 7
71. 5
-

76. 2
75. 1
57. 8
17. 3
1. 1

12. 1
12. 1
4. 0
6 .9
1. 2
-

6 8 .0

56. 7

41. 5

8 6 .6

83. 8

46. 8

26. 8

23. 8

87. 9

93. 3
86. 7
1. 1
8 5 .0
.6
1 .3
5 .3

98. 2
97. 5
1. 2
96. 3
.7

9 9 .6
9 6 .1
96. 1
3. 5

6 5 .3
6 5 .3
6. 5
53. 8
5 .0
-

96. 5
78. 5
78. 5
3. 8
1 4 .2

8 0 .0
78. 8
1. 8
70. 2
6. 8
1. 2
-

1 0 0 .0

-

90. 1
90. 1
72. 8
17. 3
-

4 3 .2
43. 2
4. 0
2 2 .9
16. 3
-

6 .7

1. 8

.4

34. 7

3. 5

20. 0

”

9 .9

56. 8

F in a n c e * *

D a ily o v e rtim e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
p re m iu m pay ..................................................................
T im e and o n e -h a lf ...................................................
E ffe c tiv e a fte r l e s s than 8 h o u r s .............
E ffe c tiv e a fte r 8 h o u r s ....................................
E ffe c tiv e a fte r m o re than 8 h o u rs . . . . .
D ouble t i m e .......................................... . J .................
O th e r 3 .............................................................................
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
p re m iu m pay o r having no p o lic y . . . . . . . . . .

-

W eek ly o v e rtim e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
p re m iu m pay ..................................................................
T im e and o n e -h a lf ............. ........................ ..
E ffe c tiv e a fte r l e s s than 40 h o u r s ...........
E ffe c tiv e a fte r 40 h o u r s .................. ..
E ffe c tiv e a fte r m o re than 40 h ou rs . . . .
D ouble t i m e ..................................................................
O th e r 3 ...............................................................................
W o rk e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
p re m iu m pay o r having no p o lic y . . . . . . . . . .

1
2
3
*
**

100. 0
1. 7
98 . 3

In clu d e s data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
In clu d e s data fo r w h o le sa le tr a d e , f e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
In clu d e s p ro v is io n s fo r a s p e c ifie d n u m b er of o v e rtim e h ou rs at eith e r (1) no pay, (2) re g u la r r a te , o r (3) a p rem iu m r a te ; and p rem iu m pay a t an o th er ra te th e r e a f te r .
T ra n s p o r ta tio n (exclud in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th er public u t ilitie s .
F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .




O ccu p atio n al Wage S u rv ey , D a lla s , T e x . , Sep tem b er 1953
U .S . D EP A R T M E N T O F LA BO R
B u rea u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s

20
T a b l e B-7:

R a t e of P a y f o r H o l id a y W o r k

P e r c e n t of o ffic e w o rk e rs em ployed in P a y p ro v isio n

A ll
in d u s trie s 1

A ll w o r k e r s .............................. ........................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts with pay
p ro v isio n s fo r w o rk on paid h olid ay s 3 ..........
R e g u la r r a te o n l y .....................................................
T im e and o n e -h a lf ................................... ..
Double tim e .................................................................
Double tim e and o n e -h a lf .................... ..............
T rip le tim e .................................................................
E qual tim e o f f ............................................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith no
fo r m a l p o lic y .............................................................. .
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith no
paid holidays .................................................................
1
2
3
4
*
**

M anuf a c tu r ing

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

R e ta il tra d e

P e r c e n t of p la n t w o rk ers em p loyed in F in a n c e * *

A ll
in d u s tr ie s 2

M an u factu rin g

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

R e ta il tra d e

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

100...0

100. 0

51. 1
4 .2
3 5 .4
4 .2
1 .2
6. 1

8 8 .2
1. 8
80. 2
2 .5
3 .7

9 2 .8
. 1
7 9 .0
12. 3
1 .4

14. 0
3 .2
9. 1
1. 1
. 6

2 2 .9
4. 6

8 0 .1
75. 0
3 .1
_
2 .0

7 9 .9
_
7 3 .0
6 .9

2 3 .7
6 .2
1 3 .7
1 .2

3. 8
14. 5

6 0 .7
2 .3
52. 6
3. 8
2 .0

4 8 .9

1 1 .6

7. 2

86. 0

77. 1

24. 4

1 1 .7

2. 5

57. 7

(4)

.2

"

1 4 .9

8 .2

17. 6

18. 6

"

~

-

_

-

-

_

2 .6

In clu d es data fo r w h o le sale tra d e and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
In clu d es data fo r w h o le sale tr a d e , r e a l e s ta t e , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv ision s shown s e p a r a te ly .
In clu d es h oliday pay and r a te fo r w ork on paid h olid ay .
L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e rc e n t.
T ra n s p o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r public u t ilitie s .
F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .

Table B-8: Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
P e r c e n t of o ffic e w o rk ers em ployed in Item

P e r c e n t of p lan t w o rk e r s em ployed in -

A ll
in d u s trie s 1

M anu facturing

P u b lic
u tilitie s *

A ll w o r k e r s ...........................................................................

100

100

100

100

10 0

100

100

100

100

F o r m a l ra te s tru c tu re .................... .............................
Sin gle r a t e ......................................................................
Range of r a t e s ...............................................................
Individual r a t e s .................................................................

69
(4)
69
31

81
81
19

82
1
81
18

54
54
46

67
67
33

74
15
59
26

83
20
63
17

91
29
62
9

48
_
48
52

100

100

100

100

88
12
5
1
6

90
10
7
2
1

93
7
3
4

76
24
4
1
19

44

61

73

7

R e ta il trad e

F in a n c e

**

A ll
in d u s tr ie s 2

M an u factu rin g

P u b lic
u t ilitie s *

R e ta il tra d e

WAGE S T R U C T U R E F O R T IM E -R A T E D
W ORKERS 3

-

M ETH O D O F WAGE PA Y M E N T F O R
PL A N T W O RK ERS
A ll w o r k e r s ...........................................................................

DATA

NOT

CO LLECTED

T im e w o r k e r s ................................................................. .. .
In cen tiv e w o rk e rs ............................................................
P ie ce w o rk ......................................................................
Bonus w o rk ....................................................................
C o m m issio n .................................................................

-

LA BO R-M A N A G EM EN T A G R E E M E N T S 5
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts with a g re e m e n ts
co v erin g a m a jo r ity of such w o rk e rs ...............

10

"

38

"

_1

1 In clu d es data fo r w h o le sale tra d e and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
2 In clu d es data fo r w h o lesale tr a d e , r e a l e s ta t e , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a ra te ly .
3 E s tim a te s fo r o ffice w o rk e rs a r e b ase d on to ta l o ffic e em p lo y m en t, w h erea s e s tim a te s fo r plant w o rk ers a re based on tim e -r a te d em p lo y ee s only.
4 L e s s than 0 .5 p e rc e n t.
5 E s tim a te s re la te to a ll w o rk e rs (office o r plant) em ployed in an e s ta b lis h m e n t having a co n tra c t in effe ct co v erin g a m a jo rity of th e w o rk e r s in th e ir re s p e c tiv e c a te g o r y . T he e s tim a te s so o b 
tained a re not n e c e s s a r ily r e p re s e n ta tiv e o f the ex ten t to which a ll w o rk e rs in the a r e a m ay be co v ere d by p ro v isio n s of the la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts due to the e x c lu s io n o f s m a l l e r - s i z e e s t a b lis h 
m en ts.
* T ra n s p o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th er public u t ilit ie s .
O ccu p a tio n a l W age S u rv ey , D a lla s , T e x . , S e p te m b e r 1953
* * F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l .e s t a t e .
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s




21

D ETR O IT,

OCTOBER

The Detroit Metropolitan area’ s labor force is largely
employed in manufacturing industries, especially metalworking. In
addition to automobiles and parts substantial numbers of factory
workers are engaged in the production of other transportation equip
ment, industrial machinery, and chem icals.
The trucking industry
was important among the nonmanufacturing industries.
This study--the first since December 1951--p re se n ts data
based on information from 250 establishments employing about
6 00, 000 w o rk ers--sele cted to represent 1,300 establishments em 
ploying 820, 000 workers in 6 major industry groupings within the
scope of the study (see table following).
Wage Structure
Nine out of ten plant workers employed in the industries
within the scope of the survey in Detroit were paid on a tim e-rate
rather than on an incentive basis.
Nearly all of the tim e-rated
plant workers in the manufacturing, public utilities, and wholesale
trade industry groups were employed in establishments with form al
rate structures providing a single rate or a range of rates for
each job classification.
By contrast, less than half of the tim e 
rated plant workers in the service industries were in establishments
with form al rate structures. Manufacturing plant employees gener
ally worked under single-rate system s whereas a large m ajority
of the plant workers in public utilities were in establishments with
rate-range system s. Plant workers in wholesale trade were about
evenly distributed between those working under single-rate system s
and those employed in establishments with rate-range system s.
Three-fourths of the office workers were in establishments
having form al wage structures and nearly all of these establishments
had a range of rates for each job classification. Individual rates,
which related to training, ability, and personal qualifications of
individual workers, were commonly employed in retail trade and
service establishm ents.
Form al wage plans including provisions for classifying jobs
according to a system of labor grades were reported in a few e s 
tablishments in all except the retail trade and service industries.
Of the 250 establishments studied, labor-grade system s covered
plant jobs in 12 establishments and office jobs in 19 establishments.
Occupational Pay Levels
Pay levels for women secretaries, general stenographers,
and clerks doing routine filing work had increased from $ 6 7 . 5 0 ,
$ 5 7 . 5 0 , and $ 4 0 . 5 0 respectively, in December 1951, the date of
an earlier Bureau survey in Detroit, to $ 75 .5 0, $ 64 .5 0, and $ 46 .5 0
respectively, in October 1953.
For most of the other office jobs
studied average salaries had increased from $5 to $ 8 during the
22-m onth period. Office boys averaged $46 and office girls averaged



1953

$ 4 6 . 5 0 a week on an areawide basis.
categories studied, the highest average
men accounting clerks (class A ).

Among the 23 office job
($89) was recorded for

Straight-time average hourly earnings for most of the
skilled maintenance trades fell in the range $ 2 . 3 3 - $ 2 . 4 0 in
October 1953. At this general pay level, for example, were mainte
nance carpenters, electricians, m illwrights, and pipefitters. Lowest
hourly averages for skilled maintenance workers were $ 2 . 1 8 for
automotive mechanics and $2.22 for painters. Tool-and-die makers
averaged $2.55 an hour. Average pay levels for most of the skilled
trades were about 20-25 cents higher than in December 1951.
Among the lower-paid plant jobs, women janitors averaged
$ 1 . 2 1 , watchmen $ 1 . 4 5 , women shipping packers $ 1 . 5 7 , and men
janitors $ 1 . 6 3 .
Men shipping packers and laborers handling m a
terials were paid $ 1 . 8 1 , on the average, whereas forklift truck
operators, drivers of light trucks, and guards averaged about $1.87.
On a cents-per-hour basis, pay levels for these jobs had risen
le ss than those for skilled maintenance jobs since the earlier survey.
Pay levels for sim ilar jobs were generally higher in manu
facturing than in the nonmanufacturing industries. Average weekly
salaries were higher in manufacturing for all of the office jobs
studied. Secretaries and stenographers, for example, averaged $80
and $67 in manufacturing and $69 and $59 in nonmanufacturing. E x
ceptions to the pattern of higher pay in manufacturing for plant jobs
were limited to carpenters, drivers of heavy trucks, and shipping
clerks. The greatest differences in averages for the two industry
groupings were noted in estim ates for men and women janitors and
watchmen.
C o st-of-L ivin g and Annual Improvement Adjustments
Two-fifths of the firm s, employing about three-fourths of
the plant workers within the scope of this survey, had plans calling
for periodic cost-of-livin g adjustment of wages.
About seveneighths of the plant workers in manufacturing as compared with
about a third in the nonmanufacturing industries were in establish
ments with such provisions.
Periodic cost-of-livin g adjustment provisions covering office
workers were found in about a fifth of the firm s but these accounted
for over half of the office workers. A s in the case of plant workers,
this adjustment procedure was largely limited to manufacturing
industries.
Provisions for annual improvement (productivity) adjust
ments were found in many establishments, particularly among the
larger manufacturing firm s.
Two-thirds of the plant workers and
a third of the office workers were in establishments reporting
annual improvement adjustment provisions applying to these workers.

22

Labor-Management Agreements

Overtime Pay

Of the plant workers in the industry and establishm ent-size
groups covered in the study, 92 percent were employed in estab
lishments with labor-managem entagreem ents thatcovereda majority
of their plant workers. Labor-management agreements covered
nine-tenths or more of the plant workers in manufacturing, public
utilities, and wholesale trade, and five-sixth s in services.
A fifth of the office workers were in establishments with
labor-management agreements covering such workers.
The e sti
mated coverage in offices of manufacturing and public utility e s 
tablishments was 27 and 36 percent, respectively.

Nearly all of the plant and office workers were employed
by establishments which had provisions for the payment of a p r e 
mium rate for any work in excess of the worker1s scheduled weekly
hours.
The general practice was to pay the worker one and a
half times the regular rate for work in excess of 40 hours a week.
About nine-tenths of the plant workers as compared with about
four-tenths of the office workers were in establishments with pro
visions for premium pay for hours worked in excess of daily
scheduled hours.
Shift Operations

Work Schedules
About five-sixth s of the plant and office workers were
scheduled to work a 40-hour week in October 1953.
Workweeks
of 35, 37V2, or other schedules of less than 40 hours were reported
for office workers by some establishments in each of the 6 broad
industry divisions studied. Over half of the plant workers in retail
trade and a third in services were scheduled to work more than a
40-hour week.
Longer schedules were also reported for some
plant workers in manufacturing, public utilities, and wholesale trade.

Nearly a third of the plant workers in manufacturing firm s
were employed on evening or night shifts at the time of the study.
Virtually all shift workers received extra pay for shift wo rk - usually in the form of a uniform percent addition to first-sh ift
rates.
The most common single practice provided a 5 -percent
differential to second-shift workers and a 7 V2 -percent differential
to third-shift workers.
Cents-per-hour differentials were also
reported.

E s ta b lish m e n ts and W o rk ers W ithin Scope of Survey and N um ber Studied in D etro it, M ich . , 1 by M a jo r In d ustry D iv isio n , O cto b er 1953
N u m b e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts
In d u stry d iv is io n

M in im u m s i z e
e s t a b lis h m e n t
in s c o p e o f
study 2

Studied

1 ,2 8 2

A ll d i v i s i o n s ................................................................................................................

W ith in
scope of
study

W orker s
S tu died

W ith in
scope o f
study

T o ta l

O ffic e

250

8 1 7 ,9 0 0

5 8 9 ,8 9 0

8 4 ,3 0 0

M anufactur ing ............................................................................................................

101

N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ‘ ............... ..................................................................................
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n ,
and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s ........................................................................
W h o le s a le tr a d e .................................................................................................
R e ta il tr a d e 3 .................... ........................................... .....................................
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ..................................................
S e r v i c e s 4 ...............................................................................................................

523
759

85
165

6 2 4 ,3 0 0
1 9 3 ,6 0 0

4 8 3 ,0 3 0
1 0 6 ,8 6 0

5 6 , 500
2 7 ,8 0 0

101
51
101
51
51

74
190
173
128
194

25
34
37
31
38

4 8 ,1 0 0
2 3 ,1 0 0
6 4 ,4 0 0
2 5 ,7 0 0
3 2 ,3 0 0

3 7 ,1 8 0
7 ,2 8 0
3 7 ,9 9 0
1 4 ,6 5 0
9, 760

9, 610
1 ,9 5 0
3 ,2 0 0
1 0 ,8 9 0
2 , 150

1 The D etro it M etrop o litan A rea (W ayne, Oakland, and M acom b C o u n ties).
T o tal es ta b lis h m e n t em p loym en t.
F o r wage study p u rp o se s, a ll o u tlets (within the a r e a ) of com panies in such in d u strie s a s tr a d e , fin a n c e , auto re p a ir s e r v ic e , and
m o tio n -p ictu re th e a te r s a r e co n sid ered as one e s ta b lis h m e n t.
T he m inim um s iz e of e sta b lish m e n t in scope of the D ecem b er 1951 study w as 21 w o rk e rs in w h o lesa le tra d e ;
fin a n ce , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s ; and 101 in the o th er m a jo r in d u stry d iv isio n s.
3 E x clu d es data for two la r g e d ep artm en t s to r e s .
4 H otels; p e rso n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u sin e ss s e r v ic e s ; autom obile r e p a ir sh ops; rad io bro a d ca stin g and te le v isio n ; m otion p ic tu r e s ; n on p rofit m em b ersh ip o rg a n iz a tio n s; and
en g in eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s .




23
Paid Holidays
More than four-fifths of the office and plant workers were
employed in establishments which granted 6 paid holidays.
More
than 6 holidays with pay were provided for substantial numbers of
workers in the public utility, finance, and wholesale trade groups.
In the finance division, more than a fourth of the office workers
received 9 paid holidays and a fifth were granted 10 holidays with
pay.
Two-thirds of the office and plant workers were employed
by firm s having provisions for an additional day*s pay to employees
called upon to work their regular schedule on a holiday.

Paid Vacations
Virtually all w orkers, plant and office, were in establish
ments which provided paid vacations after 1 y e a ^ s service.
The
amount of vacation pay was related to length of service. Provisions
were generally m ore liberal for office workers than for plant
w orkers.
The typical pattern for plant workers was 1 week1s




Vacation after a year*s service, 2 weeks after 5 years, and 3
weeks after 15 years. Office workers generally received 2 weeks
vacation after a year of service, and 3 weeks after 15 years
Health, Insurance,

and Pension Plans

Some form of health, insurance, or pension plan, with the
employer paying at least part of the cost, was made available to
nearly all office and plant workers.
Life insurance, available to
more than nine-tenths of both office and plant workers, was the
most common plan.
Hospitalization and surgical insurance was
available to over four-fifths of the workers. Sickness and accident
insurance was available to about five-sixths of the plant workers
as compared to about three-fifths of the office, but two-thirds of
the office workers were in establishments with sick-leave plans as
compared with l ess than a tenth of the plant workers with similar
insurance coverage.
About three-fourths of the office and plant workers were
in establishments with pension plans. Pension plans were available
to over five-sixths of the workers in manufacturing establishments.

24

A : Occupational Earnings

Table A-1: Office Occupations
(A v e rag e s tr a ig h t- tim e w eekly h ou rs and ea rn in g s 1 fo r s e le c te d o ccu p ation s studied on an a r e a b a s is
in D e tr o it, M ich . , by in d u stry d iv isio n , O ctob er 1953)
A
verage

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E W EEK LY EARNING S OF

Number

of

Weekly

(Standard)

S e x , occup ation , and in d u stry d iv isio n

Weekly

(Standard)

3
$
$
$
$
$
%
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
3 7 . 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 5 0 .0 0 52. 50 55. 00 5 7 .5 0 60. 00 6 2 . 50 65. 00 6 7 . 50 7 0 . 00 75. 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 .0 0 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 100.00 1 0 5 .0 0
and
4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 .0 0 4 7 . 50 5 0 .0 0 52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 60. 00 62. 50 6 5 .0 0 67. 50 7 0 .0 0 75. 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 90. 00 9 5 . 00 100.00 1 0 5.00 o v e r

U d
$
3 7 .5 0

Men
C le r k s , accou n tin g , c la s s A ...............
M anufacturing ..........................................
N onm anufacturing ................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * ............ ..

1, 374
1, 109
265
46

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
40. 0

$
89.
90.
86.
86.

00
00
50
50

-

-

C le r k s , accou n tin g , c la s s B ..................
M a n u fa ctu rin g ..........................................
N onm anufacturing...................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * ...............................

417
254
163
50

4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 5
4 0 .0

72.
77.
62.
65.

00
50
50
50

_
-

_
-

C le r k s , o rd e r ................................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g ..........................................
N on m an u factu rin g ..................................
W h olesale t r a d e ...............................

555
211
344
307

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0

84.
95.
77.
77.

00
00
50
50

_
-

_
-

_
-

C le r k s , p a y r o l l ...........................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g .........................................

328
279

40. 0
40. 0

84. 00
86. 00

_

_

-

-

O ffice b o v s ......................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ........................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g .................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * ............................
F in a n c e * * ...........................................

628
331
297
73
80

39.
39.
39.
39.
38.

46. 00
5
4 8 . 50
5
0 ! 43. 50
0 j 4 9 .0 0
5 | 4 0 . 50

54
54
_
28

T a b u la tin g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s ..........
M a n u fa ctu rin g .........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ...............................

377
205“
171

40. 0
7 7 .0 0
4 0 . 0 j 8 0 .0 0
40. 0
73. 50

-

_
-

_
-

_
“

_
-

2
2
-

21
21
4

4
4
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

1
-

_

-

43
22
21
10

125
67
58
11

37
19
18
2
14

_
“

_
"

_
”

1
1

j

1
1

7
------ T ~

_
_

_

-

j
-

2
2
“

6
6
-

2
2
1

8
3
5
-

29
10
19
-

42
27
15
2

169
128
41
14

239
210
29
8

250
199
51
4

236
204
32
2

160
144
16
5

139
119
20
10

2 92
65
27
-

-

15
5
10
2

26
3
23
3

21
1
20
7

18
10
8
3

53
28
25
8

50
34
16
6

37
14
23
17

49
43
6
-

51
50
1
-

40
38
2
-

13
13
-

10
8
2
-

6
6
-

1
1
-

_
-

-

5
5
5

16
16
16

21
21
21

15
15
14

22
22
19

35
35
35

53
13
40
25

46
17
29
18

Ill
31
80
79

48
21
27
27

40
24
16
16

37
25
12
12

32
20
12
10

3 74
60
14
10

-

4
-

-

4
-

_
-

13
7

13
12

8
8

2
1

24
11

38
37

57
44

58
55

33
33

23
23

30
30

20
18

109
21
88
33
10

69
47
22
18
4

81
77
4
3
1

67
49
18
12
1

20
16
4
1
1

18
9
9
3
-

1
1
-

2
1
1
1
-

1
1
-

—
-

_
-

1
-

_
-

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

“

2
2

1
1

2
2

2
1
1

8
8

3
1
2

14
4
10

6
4

16
16

34
23

23
11
12

60
l4
46

78
42
36

70
38
32

61
15
46

122
66
56

24

1
1

13
12

2
1

8
5

11
6

13
5
8
6

-

j

!

\

|

_ j
-

22
3
19

51
24
27

40
25
15

73
51
22

61
34
27

37
19
18

34
26
8

10
6
4

5
5
"

2
1
1

33
24
9

20
19
1

27
21
6

6
5
1

_
-

_
“

1
1
"

”

_
~

_
-

8

21
10

3
2

2
-

21
11

6
■

1
1

■

-

-

-

-

-

39
8
31
14

56
10
46
25

41
17
24
10

64
38
26
5

68
42
26
6

53
31
22
3

51
47
4
3

15
13
2
"

13
2
11
"

9
1
8
-

4
4
“

“

"

j

W omen
B i l l e r s , m ach in e (b illin g m ach in e) . .
M a n u fa ctu rin g .........................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ................................

579
295
284

3 9 .0
4 0 .0
3 8 .5

57. 50
' 5 9 .5 0
j 55. 50

2
-

B i l l e r s , m ach in e (bookkeeping
m a c h in e ) ........................................................
Nonmanuf ac tu r in g..................................

120
80

39. 5
39. 5

56. 50
5 3 .0 0

2
2

4
4

B o o k k eep in g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s ,
c la s s A ...........................................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g .........................................
Nonmanuf ac tu r in g ..................................
F in a n c e * * ...........................................

433
221
212
76

39. 5
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
39. 5

68.
70.
66.
62.

50
50
00
00

-

-

-

-

_

-

2
1
1
1

5
2
3
3

B o o k k eep in g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s ,
c la s s B ...........................................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................
N onm an ufacturin g..................................
W h olesale t r a d e .............................
R e ta il tra d e 4 ....................................
F in a n c e * * ..................................... .. .

1 ,9 0 0
414
1 ,4 8 6
138
226
1, 018

3 9 .5
39. 5
39. 0
39. 5
40. 0
3 9 .0

5 5 .0 0
6 4 .0 0
52. 50
64. 50
55. 00
50. 00

19

9
9
9

66
66
20
41

91
91
8
77

3 02
302
20
267

197
11
186
4
27
155

174
20
154
18
126

122
11
111
13
8
86

189
36
153
9
20
117

170
66
104
7
23
63

148
26
122
30
22
44

102
54
48
7
26
11

69
32
37
21
5
4

53
47
6
4
1
-

142
84
58
27
23
-

37
18
19
16
3
-

6
5
1
1
-

4
4
-

-

-

-

-

C le r k s , accou n tin g , c la s s A ................
M a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................
Nonmanuf ac tu r in g ..................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * .............................
R e ta il tra d e 4 ....................................
F i n a n c e * * .........................................
S e r v i c e s .............................................

900
382
518
36
112
137
177

39.
40.
39.
40.
40.
39.
38.

71. 50
7 6 .5 0
67. 50
74. 50
68. 00
68. 00
64. 50

_
-

1
1
1
_
“

1
1
1

1
1
1
-

41
41
5
6
30

43
8
35
5
8
22

40
22
18
1
6
9
2

42
3
39
1
5
7
26

75
14
61
1
17
1
26

38
10
28
13
11
4

49
5
44
2
5
31
4

53
25
28
4
6
18

138
81
57
4
7
14
15

154
73
81
16
23
10
18

107
60
47
4
13
4
25

68
45
23
3
3
16
1

27
25
2
2

16
6
10
2
2

1
1
1.

5
5
-

ee foo tn otes
Digitized forSFRASER a t end o f ta b le .
*
T ra n s p o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ),
http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
* * F in a n c e , in
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

5
0
0
0
0
0
5

2

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19
1
18

-

"

i
1

i

_
_

-

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11

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“

O ccu p a tio n a l W age S u rv e y , D e tr o it, M ich. , O cto b er 1953
co m m u n icatio n , and o th er public u t ilitie s .

U .S .

D EPA RTM EN T O F LA BO R
B u re a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s

25
T a b le A - l:

O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Detroit, Mich. , by industry division, October 1953)
Average

Sex,

o c c u p a tio n ,

an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number
of

Weekly
(Standard)

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-

$
$
U nder
Weekly
3 7 . 50 4 0 . 0 0
earnings
$
(Standard)
3 7 .5 0
-4Q^qQ [ 4 2 . 5 0

$
4 2 . 50

-

-

$
$
5 7 . 50 6 0 . 0 0

4 5 . o a 4 7 . 5Q

$
4 7 . 50

$
5 0 . 00

$
5 2 . 50

$
5 5 . 00

-

s
4 5 . 00

-

-

-

-

5 7 . 5Q

6 0 .0 0

5 0 . QQ 5 2 . 5 0 - 5 5 . a o

$

$

6 2 . 50

6 2 . 50

$

$

6 5. 00

-

-

-

6 5 .0 0

6 7 .5 0

s

-

-

$

7 0 . no J S . 0 0

7 5 . 00

S
8 0 .0 0

-

6 7 . SO 7 0 . 0 0

-

-

8 0 .0 0

8 5 .0 0

9 0 . 00

8 5 . 00

$
$
$
$
9 0 . 00
9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 5 .0 0
and
9 5 .0 0

1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0

ftv sr

W o m e n - C o n tin u e d
C le r k s ,

a c c o u n tin g ,

c l a s s B .........................

M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..............................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ................................ *. . .
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e .........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 .................................................
F i n a n c e * * ........................................................
S e r v i c e s .............................................................
C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A ...........................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .....................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ............................................

C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B ...........................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..............................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ........................................
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 .................................................
F i n a n c e * * ..........................................................
S e r v i c e s .............................................................
C l e r k s , o r d e r ................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ...........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 .................................................

3, 152
837
2, 315
515
197
587
708
308

$
5 6 . 00
6 4 . 50

32
-

31
-

185
-

214

32
4
-

31

185
2
-

13
15

22
-

"

-

115
7

211
3
13
48
104
43

_
-

2
-

6
-

13
-

-

2

6

"

-

-

13
6

5 233
-

106
13
93
-

327
5
322
-

294
86
208
18

86

3
20

4
48

22
30

4 4 . 50
4 5 . 50

31
32

37
33

238
32

113
25

40. 0

5 8. 00
6 2 .5 0
5 5 . 50
5 1. 00

1
-

3
-

20
-

41

40. 0
40. 0
3 9 .0

1
1

3
3

20
20

40. 0
40. 0
3 9 .5
39. 5
39. 5
40. 5
39. 5
3 9 .0

53. 00
59. 00
5 8 . 00
5 1 . 50
4 8 .0 0
5 4 . 00

815
540
275
181

39. 5
40. 0
39. 0
38. 5

59.
61.
55.
54.

2, 290
731

39. 5
40. 0
3 9 .0
3 8 .0

4 6 . 50
51. 00
4 4 . 50
4 5 .0 0

3 9 .5
40. 0
3 9 .0

4 9 . 00
4 1 . 50

1, 5 59
296
111
285
656
211
359
134
225
100

39. 0

50
50
00
50

233
84
-

9
-

61

240
10
230
20
15
47

3

126
22
52
1
51
42

462
156
133
98

40. 0
40. 0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
40. 5
3 8 .5

6 5 . 50
6 9 .0 0
5 8 . 50
5 6 . 00
5 4 . 50
6 1 . 50

W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ........................................

2, 672
1, 6 2 9
1, 0 4 3
74
242

40. 0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
40. 0

R e t a i l t r a d e 4 .................................................
F i n a n c e * * .......................................................

471
67

216

P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 .................................................
S e r v i c e s .............................................................
C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s .....................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ............................... .....................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ...........................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ........................................

1 ,4 2 8
966

-

7
-

8
8
-

-

7

8

-

-

-

6 3 . 00
6 6 . 50
5 7 . 50
55. 50
5 8 .0 0

1
-

13
-

29
-

1
-

13
4
-

29
2
-

4 0 .0
3 9 .5

5 8 .0 0
53. 00

1

9

16

“

-

1

39. 5

54. 00
5 4 .0 0 “

2
-

-

7
-

23
9
9
5
45
7
38
6
6
20
1

316
134

59
247
52
17
53
100

12

182
67
25
27

25

45
18

12
1

25
4

11

3
38
11
23
-

20
4
16

306

I
C l e r k s , p a y r o l l ..........................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ...........................................

209
19
190
48
1
37
87
17

21
9

358

230

49

53
177

309
48
9
78
106
68

49
22
51
54
1

297
44"

216
68

253
33
19
90
54
57

166
64

154
90

102
47
21
20

64
56

11
3

92
80
12
4

214

148
44
32
27
18
27

289
131
158
36
23
72
6
21
95
72
23
16

91
123
44
33
9
10
27

110
94

2

162
76
86
72
6
1
_

-

51
41
10
8

_

_
_
_
_
_
_
_

16
_

31
31
_

1
7
_

_
_

7
7
_
_
_

-

_

_
_
_
_

7

8

-

-

-

-

-

-

37
23
14
13

45
36

30
23
7
6

5
3
2
2

3
-

_

_

_

_

_

_

3

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

_
_

2
4

4
4
_
_
_

3
3
_
_
_
_

37

184

12
25
23

166
18
6

98
71
27
5

349
211
138
53
7
17
44
17

97
60
37
3
17
4

125
92
33
8
12
-

42
37
5
1
-

42
23

12
7

31
4

9
-

1
-

19
1
4
-

5
-

27
1
-

13

4

14

-

-

_
_

-

-

2
24

-

-

4
1

1
-

-

11
2

9
8
1

1

-

-

-

-

-

32
1
31
14

28
25
3
3

30
14
16
13

29
25
4

42
15
27

4
-

6

42
22
20

12

6

1
11

2
4

-

3
-

-

5

-

-

-

-

12
10
2
2

_

4

9
6
3
3

"

66

131
38

92
68
27
7
8
3

152
94
58
24
7
16

61
37
24

144
127
17
4

185
166

96
81

32
4

19
1

15
4

3
17

11
1

2
13

1
3

53
52
1
1
-

5
4
1
-

-

-

128
87
41
7
7
17
ia

282
121
161
10
117

320
127
193
5

236
203
33
3
26

178
174
4

_

1

2
-

12
12
_

_

4

25
25
-

29
5

3

335
250
85
5
2
73

324
303
21

19
56
3

339
208
131
3
2
117

6

1

-

-

_
_

2

1

-

-

1

-

-

-

13

9
8
1

17
17

7
6
1

8
7
1

12
12

1
1

-

_

-

-

-

1
1

-

12
2

-

-

-

-

“

~

-

“

-

-

-

146
87

66
48
18

109
91
18

14

_

_

11
3

2
4

3
-

-

1
1
-

_

3
1
4

3
3
-

-

-

-

-

45
8
37
33

5
1
3

9
5

-

_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

_

3

-

-

-

2
_
2
2

U
21
3
18
9
7
54

44
28
16
8
5
1

88
32
56
32
14
9

39
27
20
3
3

93
21
41
24

5
4
3

113
97
16
7
3
-

120
88

2
52
2
-

48
10
38
3
6

155
51
104
10
18

147
48

32
10

13
11

39
12

39
10

14

23
7
16

33
24
9

9
4

36
6
30

73
34

102
18
84

74
33
41

71
33
38

160
100
60

124
84
40

9
20

19

9

29

11

9
2
20

22
2
18

17
3
7

24

32

19
5
14

16

3

4

3

25
7

12
4

2
1

3
3

3

4

1

3
1
1

3

4

10
6
4
1

6

13
11

99
8
32

_

12
~t <
t

2
-

2

2
-

5
5
_
_

-

-

-

1
1

_

_
-

.

_
_
_

_
_

-

-

-

-

.
_

D u p lic a tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s

78

3 8 .5

5 2 . 50

2

4
4

“

9

24
12
12

K e v - p u n c h o p e r a t o r s ...........................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ...........................................

1 ,0 8 4

6 0 .0 0
64. 00
56. 00

5
-

9
-

18
-

29
-

44
-

126
72
163

5
-

9
-

18

P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
...................... ...
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 .................................................
F i n a n c e * * .......................................................

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
40. 0
3 9 .5

44
-

4

4

5

5

6

29
4
4
5

O ffic e g ir ls
...................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ...........................................

329
130

3 9 .5
4 0 .0

4 6 . 50

28
-

45

199
39
67

38
14
24

79
12
67

3 9 .0
3 9 .5

22
15
7
-

6

7

2
1

12
42

( m i m e o e r a p h o r d i t t o ) .....................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ...........................................

P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ........................................
F i n a n c e * * .......................................................

----- 1 3 5 - " 4 0 7 3 "

549
535

3 9 .0

5 7 . 50
5 1 . 50
5 3 .0 0

4 9 . 50
4 5 . 00
4 7 .0 0
4 4 . 00

28

8
6

„

8

15
30
-

34
25

See footnotes at end of table.
*
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




6
25

9
5

1
9
14

1

39
18
7

1

6

5
1
-

14

"

59
11
5

-

_
_
-

-

_
_

_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

.
_

-

-

_

-

_

"

26
T a b le A - l:

O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Detroit, Mich. , by industry division, October 1953)
Average

Sex,

o c c u p a tio n ,

and in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKIJf EARNINGS OF$
4 0 .0 0

$
4 2 . 50

$
4 5 .0 0

$
4 7 . 50

$
5 0 .0 0

$
$
5 2 . 50 5 5 . 00

$
5 7 . 50

i

6 0 . 00

$
6 2 . 50

$
65. 00

$
6 7 . 50

$
7 0 . 00

$
7 5 . 00

S
8 0. 00

$
8 5. 00

$
9 0 .0 0

$
* 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 * 1 0 5 .0 0

4 2 .5 0

$
Weekly
U n d er 3 7 . 50
earnings
(Standard) $
3 7 . 50
4 0 . 00

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

4 5 . 00

4 7 . 50

50. 00

5 2 . 50

5 5 . 0 0 5 7 . 50

6 0 . 00

6 2 . 50

6 5 . 00

6 7 . 50

7 0. 00

7 5 . 00

8 0 .0 0

8 5. 00

9 0 . 00

9 5 . 00

1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0

454
330
124

341
287
54

275

110

9
21
5
32
57

18
18

209
66
7

103
7
3

5
12
10
32

2
1

7
6
-

1

1

1
-

219
211
8
-

8

3
3
-

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

and
over

W o m e n - C o n tin u e d
S e c r e t a r i e s .....................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ................................. ...
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * .......................................
W h o le s a le tr a d e

........................................

R e t a i l t r a d e 4 .................................................
F i n a n c e * * .........................................................
S e r v i c e s ............................................................
S te n o g ra p h e rs,

general

....................................

M a n u fa c tu rin g
...................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
..........................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * .......................................
W h o le s a le tr a d e
.......................................
R e ta il tra d e 4
..............................................
F in a n c e * *
......................................................
S e r v i c e s ............................................................

3, 686
2 , 198
1 ,4 8 8
93
229
200
394
572
5, 380
3, 577
1, 8 0 3
285
374
176
469
499

t e c h n i c a l .................................

376

M a n u f a c t u r i n g ......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

279
97

S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s .......................................
M a n u fa c tu rin g
...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * .......................................

844
354
490

S te n o g ra p h e rs,

R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ................................................
......................................................
F in a n c e * *
S e r v i c e s ............................................................

43
97
96
206

39. 5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
39. 5
39. 5
40. 5
3 9 .0
38. 0

T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ..................

265

40. 0

M a n u f a c t u r i n g ......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c tu r in g ..........................................

104
161

40. 0
40. 0

g e n e r a l ...........................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

476
174

39. 5
40. 0

T y p i s t s , c l a s s A .......................................... ... . . .
M a n u fa c tu rin g
...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * .......................................
F i n a n c e * * .........................................................

3, 945
T , 161
784

M a n u f a c t u r i n g ......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................
W h o le s a le tr a d e
.......................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ................................................
S e rv ic e s

39. 5
40. 0
39.
39.
39.
40.

0
5
0
0

-

5
-

-

-

-

"

-

5

17

-

-

1
1
-

2

25
-

-

2
-

25
4
-

37
1
36
-

1
-

1
1

3
18

5
-

24
-

42
1
41
-

31
-

6
12
23

10
10
11

90

221
53
168

19
18
6

19
16
27

21
3
18
-

24
-

-

-

1

1
14

"

-

9

88
12
76
3
10
10
47
6

-

105
15

22
25

i
;
!

i
!

716
357

165
17
44
12
54
38

143
24
26
28
35
30

171
14
41
8
38
70

359
35
82

8

5
-

388
217

11
6
5

13
4

12
-

9

12

38
8
30
1
5
13
4

88
34
54

58
41
17

.6

1
4

!

179
100

78
35
43
5
17

-

_

_

-

-

-

-

1
-

-

-

-

"

1

-

5

5 8 .0 0
6 5 .5 0
5 2 .5 0
6 4. 00
5 0 .5 0
5 3 .0 0
4 8 .5 0

15
-

11
-

17
-

10
-

89
5

86
-

44

15
-

11
-

17
-

10
-

86
-

7
8

11
-

-

-

4
8
5

3
3
4

84
i
3
4
74

70
3
67
4
13
13
31

5 8 .0 0
6 1 . 00
55. 00
5 6 . 50
54. 00

5
-

_
-

16
-

18
-

47
8

5
-

-

16
-

18
-

16

10
8

57
32
25
22
-

-

39
2
15
3

104
32
72
23
13
18

8
8

35
-

29

56. 00

-

i

-

-

-

6 4 . 50

_

_

7 3 .0 0

-

-

!

16
2
65
30
7
23
9
1
3

151
6
24

344
201

_

!

215
64

21
39

-

i

166
24
142
9
31
32
35
35

_

;

120
12
108
5
15
31
57

10
18
8

-

73
5
68
-

233
68

59
47

_

31
-

71. 00
7 2 . 50
6 6 . 50

39. 5

............................................................

. .

-

5 9. 00

40. 0
40. 0

892
429
463
147
113
87

S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s

-

6 4 . 50
6 7 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
6 2 . 50
6 0 . 50
5 7 . 50
56. 50

39. 0
37. 5

42. 0

_

-

6 9 . 00
7 9 . 50
7 1 . 50
6 7 .0 0
6 6 . 50
6 8. 50

39. 5
3 9 .5
40. 0

40. 5
40. 0
40. 5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0

_
-

$
7 5 . 50
80. 00

39. 5
40. 0
38. 5

3
5

12
32
4
3
17
6

1

8

79
30
1
24

19
7
16

5

9
54
179

230
75
155
-

301
167
134
11

480
320
160
6

721
538
183
17

21
10

48
21

12
30

50
42

33
52

53
71

534
454

731
557
174
54

411
367

41

17
20
84

29
41
44

669
532
137
26
43
5

645
521
124

4
-

21

-

-

-

-

38
34
4

31
24
7

38
33
5

88
67
21

75
52
23

46
46

9
9

1
1

-

-

-

-

-

*

-

90

44

55

116

8

5

_

_

_

_

_

65
25
7
7
11

38
6

49
6
1

91
25
15
2
1

5
3
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3
2
2
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

“

-

-

-

23

7
6

_

_

_

_

_

1
1
4

3
1

5 9 . 00

-

-

5 7 . 50
6 3 . 50
54. 00

-

10
-

17
-

44
-

-

10.

17

44

29

17

21

45
14
31

_

1
-

42
-

51
-

138
-

107
24

1
-

42
-

51
-

138
-

83
-

186
109
77

210
116
94
3
78

35

8
-

-

-

-

-

-

84
26
58
32
11
4

31
23
8
6
-

128

67
55

59
18
26

12
-

2

8

9

1
1

-

18
17
1
1

-

27

18

16

36

30

13

14

10
17

7
11

16
7

26
10

19
11

12
1

2
12

2

9

10
6

11
11

-

69

2

19
4
-

1
-

-

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

"

-

“

-

2

2
2

1
1

1
1

-

“

“

-

-

-

-

-

-

4

9

5

9
5
4

17
-

29
8

33
1
32

38
25
13

80
55
25

30
10
20

33

12

19
14

9
3

38
21
17

10
1
9

-

-

-

“

347

926
898
28

538
508

373
350

363
334

297
"2 5 8

61

332
251
81

30

23

9
9

5
18

15
4

39
39

5
4
1
-

4
4
-

5

7
6
1
-

6
6
-

13

29
24
1

12
7
5

285
186

124

146

83
41
30

92
54
20
15
2
1
16

15
14
1
1

7
-

9

-

_

15
15

_

5
-

8
-

7

-

39
24

39
21
24
36

i

4
4

9

26
16
10
1
1

80
31
16
1
17
15

22
28
25
28

44
17
11
1
15

1
8

51
44

T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,

302

39. 5
40. 0
40. or
3 9 .5

6 0 . 50
6 2 . 50

117
540

3 9 .5
3 9 .5

6 6 . 00
5 0 . 00

-

1

42

51

132

59

2
56

29

59

c l a s s B . ......................................................

4 , 376

3 9 .0

82

135

324

405

350

270

39. 5
3 9 .0

-

4 9 . 00
5 2 . 50

82
-

3
132
-

25
299
19

491
118
373
57

918

1, 5 9 6
2, 780
481
448
375
788
688

297
74

504

........................ ..........................
M a n u fa c tu r in g
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ................................. .. .

51. 00
5 4 . 50

176
328

192
213
62

10
31
37
4

6
12
104
10

29
48
121
82

190
160
38
15
23
74
10

157
113

51. 00
4 6 . 00

263
655
108
84

T v o is ts ,

W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ................................................
F in a n c e * *
......................................................
S e r v i c e s ............................................................

39. 0
39. 5
40. 5
3 9 .0
38. 0

5 3 . 50

4 5 . 50
5 0 . 50

-

223
14
40
39
96
34

32
47
170
67

73
57
81
76
41

69
61

333

79
21
27
24

286

39
53
7
14

99
21
28
2
11
37

3
8

2 Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
Workers were distributed as follows: 29 at $105 to $110; 30 at $110 to $115; 18 at $115 to $120; 15 at $120 and over.
Workers were distributed as follows: 42 at $105 to $110; 13 at $110 to $115; 9 at $115 to $120; 10 at $120 and over.
Excludes data for two large department stores.
5 Workers were distributed as follows: 66 at $30 to $32. 50; 38 at $32. 50 to $35; 129 at $35 to $37. 50.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
for ** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
FRASER

Digitized


-

7
-

7

2
1

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

23

_

_

_

_

_

_

23
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

27
T a b le A - 2 : P ro fe s s io n a l and T e c h n ic a l O c c u p a tio n s
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Detroit, Mich. , by industry division, October 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-

Average

Sex,

o c c u p a tio n ,

an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number
of

Weekly
(Standard)

Weekly

$
U n d er 6 0 .0 0
-

-

$
$
7 5. 00 8 0. 00
-

-

6 5 . QQ- 7 0 . QQ 7 5 . 0 0

-

8 0 .0 0

$
$
8 5 . 00 9 0 .0 0
-

8 5 . 00

-

9 0 .0 0

$

$
9
$
s
s
9
$
$
9
$
s
1
$
9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 6 0 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 1 8 0 .0 0
-

9 5 . 00

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

and
o

(Standard) $
6 0 . 00

$
9
6 5 . 00 7 0 .0 0

1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 n o . o o 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 6 0 . 0 0 1 7 0 . 0 0

aver

M en

D r a f t s m e n , l e a d e r .................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................

448
1 66

4 1 .0
4tr. o

$
1 45 . 50
1 3 5 .0 0

-

-

-

-

-

. -

3
-

21
20

N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ............................... ..
S e r v i c e s ...........................................................

182

1 60 . 50
1 60 . 50

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

181

42. 0
42. 0

~

"

“

”

“

3

1
1

...............................................

2 ,0 8 4

41. 0

1 1 6 .5 0

1, 5 2 0
564

40. 0
4 3 .0
4 4 .0

1 0 9 . 50
1 3 6 . 50
144. 00

1
-

7
-

15
-

24

M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
.........................................
S e rv ic e s
..........................................................

1
1

7
7

15
15

9

48
42
6

52
6

9

6

43
35
8
4

-

D r a fts m e n ,

se n io r

465

D r a f t s m e n , i u n i o r .................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .....................................................

992
718

N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
........................................
S e rv ic e s
..........................................................

274
253

T r a c e r s ............................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................

40. 5
4 0 .0
41. 0
41. 0

15

8 5 . 50
8 1 .0 0

16
4

48
31

99
92

85
81

131
123

9 8 .0 0
1 0 0 .0 0

12
11

17
13

7

4
2

8
6

-

147
117
30
28

424
318

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

6 5. 00
6 6 .0 0

a 107
s 60

118
1 01

96
86

71
45

19
13

12
12

646
143
503

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
40. 0

9
6
3

23

83
30

204

i 165
26

595
123
472
51

40. 0
40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0

7 5 . 50
7 5 . 50
7 5 . 50
7 6 . 00
7 7 .0 0
7 6 .0 0

139

105
35
70
101
31
70

6 9 . 00

9

2

4

58

5
5
-

8
8

25
20
5

33
7
26

4
4
-

34
34

5
5

42
42

14
14

-

-

-

-

34
22
12

75
32
43

61
42

-

19

28
8
20

56
3
53

-

“

5

25

~

-

■

-

“

12

43

19

20

53

102
82
20

169
155
14

215
205
10

278

136

85
55
30

70
63
7

-

-

-

89
73
16
16

30

7

106
24
82
82

54
7
47
47

1 01

123
13
7

188
145
43

-

213
192
21
17

55
1
54
54

27
27

14
-

_

26

.

2
24
24

1
1

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

~

”

249
29

165
148

86
61

52
35

55
14

21
2

17
14

25
25

17
17

41
41

19
19

2
25
25

_

_

_

_

“

“

“

-

-

31

15

3

6

-

1
-

-

-

1

-

-

_
-

31

2
13
14

6

2

1
-

-

-

_

99

27
-

.

_

1
1

.
“

27

37

2
99

13
5

6
-

8
8

6
6

“

14
14

“

"

W om en
|
N u r s e s , i n d u s t r i a l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) ................
O n e - n u r s e u n i t ...........................................
M u l t i p l e - n u r s e u n i t ...............................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
O n e - n u r s e u n i t .........................................
M u l t ip l e -n u r s e u n it
............................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ...........................................

-

-

5
18
14

3
11
9

53
69
24
45
14

29
175
195
29
166

9

139
163
24

25

25

12

1

3
-

7
4
3
7
4
3

1

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
Workers were distributed as follows: 8 at $45 to $50; 28 at $50 to $55; 71 at $55 to $60.
Occupational Wage Survey, Detroit, Mich. , October 1953
Workers were distributed as follows: 5 under $55; 55 at $55 to $60.
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics




28
Ta b le A-3*

M a in te n a n c e and P o w e rp la n t O c cup ations

(Average hourly earnings 1 for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Detroit, Mich. , by industry division, October 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME H OURLY EARNINGS OF—
Number
of
Workers

O c c u p a tio n an d in d u s t r y d iv i s io n

Average
hourly
earnings

$
U n d er 1. 6 0

$
1. 6 5

E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a i n t e n a n c e ...........................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

$
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.

1 ,3 2 7
1, 1 07
220
39
69

$
1. 75

$
1. 80

33
31
42
26
62

4
-

3
-

3
-

-

-

4
-

3
-

-

-

~

-

1
-

-

-

4 , 394

2. 40
2, 40

-

_

4 , 239
155

-

_

2 .4 5

2 . 50

2 . 60

2 . 70

2 . 80

2 . 90

3 . 00

3 . 2.0 o v e

9
8
1
1

100
86
14
-

164
163
1
1

no

124

9
-

3
1
2
-

87
23

604
601
3
-

9

1

-

14

11

30

12
2

9
2

22
8

47
28

24

42
38
4

18

1, 7 3

29
13
16

M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , to o lr o o m . . .
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................. ....................

2. 4 4
2. 44

_

_

_

_

_

_

3, 599

-

-

-

-

-

-

1, 0 4 2
1, 0 2 3

2. 40
2. 40

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

1 ,4 3 3
468
965
694
116

2.
2.
2.
2.
2.

-

-

-

-

-

-

10
6
4
-

-

-

-

-

4

-

2. 40
2. 4 l

6
-

_
-

2
-

6
. -

3
-

2 . 15

6

-

2

6

3

_

_

_

-

-

-

4
4

4
4

4
4

8
8

140
140

“

42

29

M e c h a n i c s , m a i n t e n a n c e .................................
M a n u fa c tu rin g
................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

4, 461

M illw r ig h t s

M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................

4, 384
4 , 383

2. 34
2. 34

O i l e r s .................................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................

1, 5 73
1, 5 5 6

1 .9 5
1 .9 6

6

9

-

-

_

6

59
12
47

1

9
8
6

13
4

-

$
3 . 10

1287
1255
32

13
10
3

12
11
1

15
13
2

21

66
66
-

14
14
-

-

25
6
3

21
-

-

92
85
7
3

31

-

44
14
30
20

-

-

-

86
66
20
12

62

65

47
42
5

65
65

22

45
20

40
40

16

62

16

22

_

_

_

_

_

“

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

48
48

24
24

22
22

104
104

_

_

.

„

_

-

-

1
-

.

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

“

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

401

531

401

531

1348
1348

607

187
187

3
3

44
43

191
191

43
43

24
24

3
2
1
-

14
5

34
34

56
56

241
241

173
173

_

_

3

69
69

12

186

-

8
8

39

-

12
12

46

-

4
4

39

5

186

280
2>6

-

15
-

9
-

42
1
41

12
1
11
11

151
33
118

191
99
92
73
8

182
82
100

57
8

220
13
207
186

108
69
67
2

212
38
174
137
37

143
77
66
42
24

64
64
-

430

285
285

528
528

39

16

-

43
-

-

8

43

39

9
7

-

12
5
7

-

_

_

_

-

-

-

4
4

-

_
-

4
4

.

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

'

42

-

170

49
45
2

39

-

34
6

31
2

24

52

15

29

9

51
1

105
103
2

69
64

-

32
28
4

5

357
341
16

422
8

12
12

12
12

15
15

48
48

17
17

122
122

608
608

176
176

293
293

276
276

353
353

418
418

72
72

75
75

36
36

8

18
14

85
83
2

62
58
4

86
24
62

3
3

8
8

134
134

_
-

5
3

8
8

_

_

-

-

4
4

4

_
-

-

1420
1408
12

9

_

-

353
351
2

10

135
135

-

424
421
3

1

-

-

216
209
7

4

26
24

-

352
351
1

8
8

16
16

28
24
4

25
20
5

40
38
2

-

1

17
17
-

6
5

9

20

21
15
6

_

6

29
20

51
51

-

-

6

33
18
15

2

3

_

12

24

-

1

-

28
16

-

1

-

_

25
24
1

-

57
54
3

3

21

-

-

5
10

24
_

-

-

14

23

-

_

2
_

-

9
-

-

30
_

169
1

15
3
12

1

13
_

27
27

-

34

2

70
47

9
9

-

30
-

75
75

416
8

1
_

13
_

8

424

5
11

12
48
_

9
3
6
_

142
134

16

1

_

3
2
1
_

Ill
108
3

82
82

60

6
4
2

109
15
14

24
11
13

12
12

66

19
10

14
14
-

65
1

8
-

_

12
2
2

“

-

1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
2 Excludes data for two large department stores.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




2 .4 0

59
45
14

37
8

i
)

2 . 35

66
66

23
-

6 , 187

2 . 30

-

23

2 . 55
2* 5 5

7. 2 5

-

1. 9 4
1. 9 6

6 , 188

20

17

1, 2 7 2

T o o l-a n d -d ie m a k e r s
.......................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................

2 . 15

3
3

1, 139
133

2 . 35
2. 35

2 . 10

3
-

r ie lo e r s . t r a d e s , m a in te n a n c e
. . . . . .
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
.......................................

568
564

2. 05

7

6
-

S h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a in te n a n c e . .
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................

i . 9Q _ 1. 9 5_ 2 . 0 0

7
-

19
18
1

2. 34
2. 34

$
3. 00

5

22
20

2, 502
2 ,4 7 6

$
2 . 90

5
-

2. 00
2. 04
1. 8 0

P i p e f i t t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ..............................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................

2 . 80

18
-

875
733
142

721
260

$

2 . 70

18
18

F i r e m e n , s t a t i o n a r y b o i l e r ........................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

2. 22
2. 26
2 . 11

$

2 . 60

11

-

981

$

1
-

-

39
44
24
07

P a i n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ....................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

$
2 . 50

28
4
24

-

..................................................................

$
2. 45

11
-

-

"

$
2 .4 0

8
-

-

4 , 320
1 41

$
2. 35

8

2.
2.
2.
2.

18
21
17
20
18

$
2. 30

-

624
?F I
163
75

M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
.......................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
........................... . .
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e .......................................

$
2 . 25

-

1

M e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e
(m a in te n a n c e )
................................. .. .................

$
2 . 20

-

_

' M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................

$
2 . 15

-

■

m a i n t e n a n c e ..............................

$
2 . 10

3
-

_

M a c h in is ts ,

$
2. 05

14

■

3, 603

$
2. 00

38
1
37
-

_

—

$
1 .9 5

$
1. 90

and
J ^ 5 _ _LJ££L 1. 8 5

2 . 33

E n g i n e e r s , s t a t i o n a r y ........................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................
.........................................................
S e rv ic e s

$
1. 8 5

$
1. 60
1. 7 0

C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ..............................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
................................. .. .
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
....................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 2 .............................................

$
1. 7 0

88
2

-

-

4
4

_

_

_

1

21
20

5

_

_

-

-

44

15
15

-

-

491
491

23
22

52
51

75
75

243
243

134
134

20
20

35
35

136
136

182
182

-

-

51
51

_

30
30

-

.
-

_
-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

_

9
3
4

-

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

~

-

-

20
20

41

20
20

2
2

2
2

_
_

_

-

-

-

_

.

_

-

-

-

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

4
3

-

-

-

-

-

“

20
20

_
-

_

1

48
3
45

2
2

12
12

-

1273
1257

.

-

-

-

135
135

.

_

-

202
193

_
-

_

_

222
222

_
-

17
17

_

-

-

40
1

5
5

43
1

_

-

19
1

“

_

-

_
-

20

1355
1355

235
234
1

_

1

484

-

152
145
7

15
5

483
1

1679
1679

87
86
1

607

20

.

1883
1849
34

-

-

19
1

1

6
6

5
5

5 91 1323
591 1322

-

_

12
25

-

_

.

-

_

.

796
796

-

37

-

_

-

55
55

30
30

_
‘

Occupational Wage Survey, Detroit, M ich ., October 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

29
Ta b le A -4;

C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M o ve m e nt O c c u p a tio n s

( A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 2 s tu d ie d o n a n a r e a b a s i s
in D e t r o i t , M i c h . , b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , O c t o b e r 1 9 5 3 )
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv i s io n

Number
of
Workers

Average
hourly
earnings

$
U n d e r 1. 0 0

J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and
c l e a n e r s ( m e n ) ................................. .. ..................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
........................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * .....................................
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e .........................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ..............................................
F in a n c e * *
....................................................
S e r v i c e s ..........................................................

J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and
c l e a n e r s ( w o m e n ) ..............................................
M a n u fa c tu rin g
.................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ..............................................
F in a n c e * *
....................................................
S e r v i c e s ..........................................................

3, 748
3, 496
252
155

63
74
30
61

177
935
586

1.
1.
1.
1.

57
17
25
25

537

3 , 691
1, 112
2 , 579
263
1, 5 8 0
631

1 6 ,8 5 1
13, 787
3, 064
727

O rd er fille r s
.............................................................
M a n u fa c tu rin g
................... * .........................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
........................................

1, 8 4 3
898
945
667
265

1 ,0 8 9
1, 2 3 2

1. 21
1. 5 7
1. 0 5
. 99
1. 0 2
1. 0 9

1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.

81
83
71
94
71
57

1. 8 3
1. 9 1
1. 7 5
1. 7 8

$
1. 15

$
1. 2 0

$
1. 2 5

$
1. 3 0

1 . 10

1 . 15

1. 2 0

1. 2 5

1. 3 0

1. 35

5
-

9
-

5
-

25
-

7
-

5
5

9
9

5
5

25
10

7

188
2
186
-

100
-

397
397
-

4
70
103

12
63
25

164
46
118
28
-

273
68

100
-

9

"

400

106

32
368
14

1
105
5
96

$
r$
1 .4 0
1. 3 5

$
1 .4 5

$
1. 50

$
1. 55

$
1. 6 0

$
1. 6 5

$
1. 7 0

$
1. 75

1 .4 5

1. 50

1. 55

1. 6 0

1. 65

1. 70

1. 75

1. 8 0

3
- '

8
-

11
-

5
-

8
5

11
10

5
5

62
56
6
6

40

3
3

52
41
11
10

93
20
73
2

123
8
115
22
10
4

93
35
58

453
365
88

288
175

212
143

3

69
12
6
37
3
11

258
182
76

19
14
8
17

113
93
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

*428
-

171
-

53
-

428
-

1 71
-

53
-

204

128
32
11

35
10
8

1089
136
741
200

237
106
1 31
52
11
64

531
8
523
46
470
-

349
1

36
-

63
-

25
-

40
-

36
-

25
-

-

63
-

36

63

2
-

9
-

2
-

9
-

1
223

51 1 0 9
20

3

1. 4 0

57
33

205
17
4
37
138

“

9

13
30
16
12

265

28

24

10

11
254
-

23
5
-

18
6
-

2
252

2

-

8
2
-

21
7
14
12
-

-

-

1

-

36
-

85
-

131
-

47
-

36
-

85
-

131
-

-

40
-

159
72
87
-

-

46

25

38

34

39

64
22

124
7

-

.

17
161
139
80

3

_

"

-

-

544

17
17
_
-

84
65

108
106

19
-

2
_

-

-

-

2
_
_

-

"

19

-

_
_

_

-

671
613
58
-

532
12
-

152
142
10
-

8
30
-

2524
2450
74
31
21
8
-

20
35
-

12
-

10
-

24

■

14

3

25
12
15
-

3454
3253
201
163

76

75
57
18
-

524

75

16

524
-

75
-

16
-

-

-

-

1

"

-

16

-

-

-

-

-

139
-

17
-

45
-

47
-

139
-

17
-

45
-

435
171
264

3530
3303
227

11
1

45

5
-

61
150

3219
2923
296
-

139

662
383
279
-

322
197
125

13
34

636
624
12
2
-

-

10

279

120

53

292

53
40
13

37
-

337

13

23
14

-

3
-

1
-

20
-

57
-

28
-

45
-

6
-

49
-

35
-

26
4

3
3

1
1

20
-

45
44
1

*

49
21
28

35

"

28
16
12

6
6

“

57
53
4

29
6

22
16
6

1. 81

4
-

1
-

9
-

8
-

8
-

34
-

45
-

73
-

10
-

5
-

22
-

22
20

365
360

4
4

1
1

9
9

8
8

8
3

34
9

45
6

73
13

10

R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ..............................................

2

5
1

22
22

2
2

-

P a c k e r s , s h i p p i n g ( w o m e n ) .........................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
........................................

1. 1 6 8
1, 0 1 8
150

1. 5 7
1. 6 2
1. 2 4

21

2
-

160
160

2
-

78

45

2

-

2

“

8

35
1

-

17

3
77

78

21

36
16
20

36

-

8
-

80

-

17
-

“

“

“

R e c e i v i n g c l e r k s ....................................................
M a n u fa c tu rin g
.................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .........................................

903
686
217

1. 8 7
1 .9 7
1. 5 8

9
-

13
-

6
-

6
-

17
-

4
-

-

-

”

9

“

20

13

6

6

3
3

19

-

20
-

18

-

17

4

18

19

38
28
10

S h in n i n g c l e r k s
.......................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
........................................

809
62

2. 03
2 . 13

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

1

-

-

-

"

-

-

-

-

-

“

-

-

S h i n n i n g - a n d - r e c e i v i n g c l e r k s ................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .........................................
W h o le s a le tra d e
.....................................

1 ,3 9 3

1. 8 9
1. 8 8
1. 9 0

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4
4
4

4
4
4

16
16




154
153
1

35
41
-

2
-

O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S u r v e y ,
an d o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .

164
164
-

13
3
-

3, 815
3 ,4 1 2
403
84

c o m m u n ic a tio n ,

93
90
3

1341
1293
48
48

72
65
7
1

16

“

S e e fo o tn o te s at en d o f ta b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) ,
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e .

816
812
4

148
129
19
17

19
21
15

81
17
-

2
-

_

655
601
54

2 . 00

98

-

_

1 .9 5

52

-

16

1. 9 0

49
3
3
-

2

269
115

$
$
$
$
$
2 . 0 0 2 . 0 5 2 . 10 2 . 2 0 2 . 3 0

1. 85

"

2
18

2

1. 8 5
1. 5 1
1. 2 9

$
1 .9 5

12
13
32
28

35
44

1. 71

P a c k e r s , s h i p p i n g ( m e n ) ...............................
M a n u fa c tu rin g
.................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
........................................

$
$
$
1. 80
1. 8 5 1. 9 0

and

1. 5 9

1.
1.
1.
1.

L a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l h a n d l i n g 6 ................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .........................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * .....................................
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ......................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ..............................................

W h o le s a le tr a d e
.....................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ..............................................

$
1. 8 6
1. 8 7
1. 6 4

1 0 ,9 0 8
8, 258
2 , 650
415

$
1 . 10

$
1. 0 0
1 .0 5

G u a r d s ............ ................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .........................................
F i n a n c e * * .....................................................

$
1. 0 5

D e tr o it,

5

45

M ic h . , O c to b e r

13
13
13

1953
U. S.

-

37

4

9
328
158
170

114
94
20
13
7

28

_
_
_
_
_

24

-

-

_
_

_
_

-

_
_
_

_

_

_

456
256
200

48
-

174

31
_

50
36
14
_

102

529
111

31
_

-

516

99
82
17

104
96

48
-

1 09
65
-

48

65

31

14

-

-

“

-

-

-

73
40
33
33

74
20
54

48
18
30

117

10
-

82
80

10

53
1

29
1

117
114
3

10

2
2

-

-

29
5
24

40
40
-

43
‘ 40
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

9
8

835
821
14

820
820
-

225
225
-

-

"

-

-

70
70

41
41

134

6

133
1

5

“

“

“

"

16

7
7

36
25
11

78
66

79
72
7

100

12

99
1

17

66
1

459
1

31

72
24
3

53
30

5
3

12
4

"

9
5
4

14

4

7

4

33

1

-

-

-

9

10
5
5

18
-

38
18

145
16
12

294

565

15
4

21
14

9

_
_

1747
640

2387

263

39
10

3
3
_
_
_
_
_

57
33
24
_
_
_

-

29
29

55

-

-

48
48

7
7*

"

-

90
90

20
20

_
_

-

1458
1356
102
-

"

_
_

-

313
188
125

263

73
73
-

2 . 30 o v e r

_

30
25
5
1

2
2

2 . 20

28
_
_

2620
2610
10
1
1
4

511
5
5

2 . 10

48
47
1
1

"

48
46

25
25
175

-

2 . 05

1

401
400
1

355
355
-

22
20
2
-

2
-

-

2

"

“

254

50

253
1

48

65
43
22

25
25

111
24

9

46
18

27
26
14

43

31
14
14

1

2

-

"

-

21
9

11
3
8

D EPARTM ENT OF LABOR
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s

30
Ta b le A -4 :

C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M ovem ent O c c up a tio ns - C o ntinued

(Average hourly earnings1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area basis
in Detroit, Mich. , by industry division, October 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$
O c c u p a tio n an d in d u s t r y d iv i s io n

of
Workers

hourly
earnings

U n der
$

1 00
.

903
T r u c k d r i v e r s , lig h t (u n d e r 1% to n s ) . .
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ................................................... --------5 W "
313
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

T r u c k d r i v e r s , m e d iu m (1 %

to an d

in c l u d i n g 4 t o n s ) ...................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
....................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 .............................................

T r u c k d r iv e r s , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s,
t r a i l e r ty p e )
............................................................
M a n u f a c tu r in g ...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

.2 , 3 0 9
1 ,5 2 1
783
293
106

2 ,4 5 4
------- 5 7 3 “

.....................................

1, 581
830

T r u c k d r iv e r s , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s,
o t h e r th a n t r a i l e r t y p e ) .................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

526
348

P u b lic u t ilit ie s *

...........................

5 ,0 1 8

M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
....................................

4 , 712
306

T ru ck ers,

T ruck ers,

p o w e r (fo r k lift)

110

1. 0 0

$
1. 05
_

_
1. 0 5

1. 9 1

2. 0 1
2.03

1. 1 0
_

1.

10

$
1. 8 7

1 80
.

$

_

1 . 15

1
-

-

“

"

1

1. 2 0

$
1. 25

_

1 20
.
3
3

$
1. 30

$
1. 35

_

1. 25

1
-

1

1. 30

5
5

$
1 .4 0

$
1. 4 5

$
1. 5 0

_

1. 35

1 .4 5

1. 50

7
7

14
14

2

1
1

2
-

1. 55

18
18

W a t c h m e n ................................. ......................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
....................................
R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ................................................

1 ,4 4 4
1 ,4 2 5

1, 5 6 5
719
846
54

11
1

1. 6 0

$
1. 65

1. 65

2

1
0

-

3
7

2

2
0

20

9

4

8
8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

48

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

40
-

_

-

-

“

-

“

-

“

■

~

-

"

"

2. 05
1. 9 5
10
16

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

1

“

-

“

_

“

-

”

-

“

“

-

“

“

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

"

“

“

2.
2.

2. 0 1
2. 0 5
1

. 88
T. 8 8
1. 8 5
1 .9 7

“

-

_

_

_

_

2

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

1

1

“

”

”

“

-

1

1. 9 4
. 94

-

1.
1.
.
1.

1

45
78
16
56

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

“

“

-

■

-

_
-

-

37
36

_
-

14

-

-

-

14

-

-

"

-

1. 3 0

8
8
“

1

“

39
“

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

“

-

“

“

*
*

_

6

"

~

“

“

■

28
-

459
-

4
-

59
-

67

37

54
24

35
-

34
-

49
47

28

4
-

59
-

49
-

35
-

30

35

-

459
4

116
92
24
18

4

5

I

30

7

-

1
0
4

1

18

2

2
1
1

-

27

8
-

8
4

2

34

1
6

5

39

-

-

1
0

“

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

"

-

~
-

1

2
1
1

2
0
1
2
8
-

1. 8 0

56
54

2

-

_
1
-

1
1

$

1. 8 0
_

1. 7 5

-

209
28
181
-

$
1. 75

1. 70

-

8

$
1. 70
_

_

1 60
.

p o w e r ( o t h e r th a n

fo r k lift)
........................................................................
M a n u f a c tu r in g ...................................................

$

_

_

1 .4 0

-

$
1. 5 5

-

-

-

-

$

-

1 .9 7
2 . 13
. 06

-

-

$
1. 15

29

6
1
58
3

1

24

35
27

9

6
8

<
?
65
24

2
0

60
31

142
83

29

59

86 202

2. 0 0

2. 0 0
11
1
11
0
1
0

2. 05

224
177
47

188
184
4

5

24

"

4

3

45

37

420

24

27

305
115

589
465
124

“

”

~

60
60

“

71
36

41
18

1386
1336
50

930
916
14

1139

-

2
1
-

94
64
30
3

3

1
2

2
1

1
2

1
0

1
1

3

58
48

195

76
67

133
113

49

9

1

20
-

195

50

1
1

$
2. 05

1

78

68
1
0

2.

$

20

$
2. 30

2. 2 0

2. 30

over

3
-

1
0
1
0

3

-

$

2.

10

_

_

469
465
4
-

2
1

173

1 .9 5

$

_

_

262
215
47
31

74
4
70

11
1
62
1
0

157
70
87

1. 9 0

$
1 .9 5

178
24
-

8

1
1

1. 85

$
1. 90
_

_

69
17

8

~

“

$
1. 8 5

10

_

23

2
1
2
88
43
45
-

48
48
-

223
223
-

44

-

20

552
-

448
-

-

448

-

255

-

138
34

18

24
24

78
78

1119

848
828

261
193

4
-

68

42

4

-

"

56

“

19
18

927
927

129
129

3
3

1
0
1
0

53
47

6
1

20

-

167
167

-

-

-

-

_

188
188
“

20

-

382

7

2

and

362
248
17

552
•4 6 5

2 11
0

2.

_
_

61

95

_

95

"

15
15
-

5
5
-

“

-

-

_

-

-

104
104

1
1
-

_

1
1
1
1
_

4
4
-

7

1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
Data limited to men workers, except where otherwise indicated.
3 Workers were distributed as follows: 5 at $0. 60 to $0. 65; 9 at $0. 65 to $0. 70; 18 at $0. 70 to $0. 75; 33 at $0. 75 to $0. 80; 60 at $0. 80 to $0. 85; 178 at $0 . 85 to $0. 90; 49 at $0. 90 to $0. 95; and 76 at
$0. 95 to $1.
4 Excludes data for two large department stores.
5 Workers were distributed as follows: 5 at $0. 65 to $0. 70; 16 at $0. 75 to $0. 80; 96 at $0. 80 to $0. 85; 46 at $ 0. 85 to $0. 90; 189 at $0. 90 to $ 0 . 95; and 757 at $0. 95 to $ 1.
Title change only, from "Stock handlers and truckers, hand," reported in the December 1951 study.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




31

B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l: Shift Differential Provisions1
Percent of manufacturing plant workers (a)
In establishments having
formal provisions for Third or
Second
other
shift
shift
work
work

Shift differential

(b)
Actually working on Second
shift

Third or
other
shift

T o t a l ............................................................................

99.3

9 6 .0

2 4 .6

6 .4

With shift pay differential......... ..........................
Uniform cents (per hour) .............................
5 cents ................................................... ..
6 cents ........................................................ ....
7 cents .............................................................
7% cents ........................................................
8 cents .............................................................
9 cents .............................................................
10 cepts ..........................................................
12 cents ..........................................................
15 cents ..........................................................
Over 15 cents ...............................................
Uniform percentage .........................................
5 p e r c e n t................................................. ..
7 percent ........................................................
7% percent ....................................................
10 p e r c e n t......................................................
Other.......................................................................
No shift pay differential ......................................

98.9
37. 8
14.9
6 .8
3 .6
1 .8
.9
.9
6 .3
2. 1
.5
60. 6
58.2
2 .4
.5
.4

9 6 .0
3 4 .6
8 .5
1 .2
1.1
3. 1
3 .7
3 .0
6 .7
3 .0
4 .3
59 .7
.3
56 .0
3 .4
1.7

2 4 .5
9 .4
3 .6
1 .6
1 .0
.3
.2
.3
1 .5
.6
.3
14.9
14 .4
.5
.2
.1

6 .4
2 .6
.2
.1
.3
.1
.7
.5
.4
.3
3 .7
.1
3. 5
.1
.1

1
Shift differential data are presented in terms of (a) establishment policy, and (b) workers actually employed on late
shifts at the time of the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following con
ditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts.

Table B-2: Scheduled Weekly Hours
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS E M P L O Y E D I N W e e k ly h o u r s

A l l w o r k e r s .........................................................................
U n d e r 3 5 h o u r s ................................................................
3 5 h o u r s ..................................................................................
O v e r 3 5 a n d u n d e r 3 7 % h o u r s .........................
3 7 % h o u r s ............................................................................
O v e r 3 7 % a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s .........................
4 0 h o u r s ..................................................................................
O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s ...............................

44

h o u r s ..............................................................................................
O v e r 4 4 a n d u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s ...................................
4 8 h o u r s ..............................................................................................
O v e r 4 8 h o u r s ............................................................................

1
2
3
4
*
**

All
industries

100.0

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

0 .5
2 .3

-

0.8

-

-

-

-

-

9 .1

1.1

9 .5
3 .1
8 2 .4

_

5 1 .9

1.0

4 3 .7
2 .5

_
.8

6 .9

2.8
9 0 .3

9 .8
7 4 .0

Services

100.0

100.0

100.0

3 .0
1 .3

2.1
6 .3
9 .4
7 7 .9

_
2 8 .4
-

1 1 .3
.7
5 5 .2

.5
. 1
1

-

2.2

. 1
-

-

3 .8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.3

-

1 .4

-

.2
“

~

"

Data relate to women workers.
Excludes data for two large department stores.
Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Less than 0. 05 percent.
'
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance.and real estate.




Finance **

-

.4

.

3 .0
. 7
9 6 .1

_

Retail trade23

.

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EM PLOYED IN—
All ,
industries’

■

-

-

-

2.0
1 . 0

0 .3
(4 )
1 .3

1.8
. 1

8 2 .9

1.2
1.6
1.6

5 .6
3 .6

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade2

Services

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

_

_

_

_

-

1.2
2.1
-

88.6
. 5

.6
.

1

3 .2
3 .7

-

-

-

-

-

3. 6

-

93. 1
-

.3

-

89.8
2 .9
-

-

-

1 .3
5 .3

7 .3

-

-

1.2
37. 1

8.6
10.1

1 7 .4
2 0 .4

1.6

Occupational Wage Survey, Detroit, M ich., October 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

4 .2
. 1

(4)
4 .0
-

5 5 .5
-

34. 6

1.6

32
Ta b le B -3 :

P a id H o lid a y s 1

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Number of paid holidays

Finance**

Services

All
3
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade 2

Services

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

83.3

81.6

91 .1

9 8 .2

92.6

81. 1

1.3
98.7

(4)
. 1
.2
8 1.2
1.6
.2

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

All workers .......................................................

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Workers in establishments providing
paid holidays..................................................

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

1

100.0

1 day................................................................
3 days ................................ ..........................
5 days ...........................................................
6 days ...........................................................
7 days ...........................................................
8 days ...........................................................
9 days ...........................................................
10 days ...........................................................................
12 days ............................................................................

2

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EM PLOYED IN —

-

56.3
43. 1

.7

-

-

3 .8
3 .0

-

-

.

-

-

.3

-

-

-

-

"

”

”

"

.

-

86 .0
6. 1

Workers in establishments providing no
paid holidays .......................................... .......................

1 E s t im a t e s in c lu d e o n ly f u ll - d a y h o lid a y s .
2 E x c lu d e s data f o r tw o l a r g e d e p a rtm e n t s t o r e s .
3 I n c lu d e s data f o r r e a l e s ta te in a d d itio n to th o s e
4 L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t .

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

6 5.7
30 .3
4 .0

9 8 .6
.6
.8

-

6

-

4 4 .4
3 .5
3 .5
2 6.2
20.5
1.9

-

-

81.6

-

(4)
-

-

-

-

-

-

16.7

“

“

-

-

18.4

-

1.3
5 7 .5
3 2 .3

-

3 .0
6 .8
69.8
16.1

-

.

-

1

-

-

-

8 1 .0

9 0 .2
.5

-

-

-

1.9

-

2 .5
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8 .9

1.8

7 .4

18.9

in d u s tr y d i v i s i o n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .

* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
* * F in a n c e ,, in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .

Table B-4:

Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Vacation policy

All w ork ers.........................................................

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade 1

PERCENT OF PLA N T W ORKERS EM PLO YED IN —

Finance**

Services

All
2
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade1

Services

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0
99.9
12. 1
. 1
87.6
. 1

100.0
100. 0
4 .6

100.0
100.0
4 3 .8

100.0
100.0
20.0

100.0
100.0
60.9
.6
38.5
-

100.0
100.0
1.3

99.9
98.6
14.0
.6
84.0

100.0
8 7.6
82.9
1.5
2 .3
.9
12.4
. 7
4 .5
4 .9
2 .3

100.0
9 8 .9
62. 1

100.0
100.0
5 7 .2

9 4 .5
9 1 .8
6 5 .4
.5
25.9

9 7 .7
9 6 .0
7 4 .8
3 .6
17.6

2 .7

1.7

1.3

99.4
88.9
79.6
1.4
7 .2
.7
10.5
.6
3.9
4. 1
1.9

. 1

.6

After 1 year of service
Workers in establishment is providing
paid va ca tio n s................................................
Length-of-time paym ent................ ..
1 w e e k .......................................................
Over 1 but less than 2 w e e k s .........
2 weeks ....................................................
Over 2 weeks .........................................
Percentage payment3 .......................................
Less than 2 p e r c e n t...........................
2 percent .............................................................
Over 2 but less than 4 percent . . . .
4 percent and o v e r .....................................
Workers in establishments providing no
paid v a ca tion s ................. ........................................

. 1
. 1
(4)

-

95.3
.1
”

-

56 .2
-

-

80 .0

-

-

"

“

“

-

9 8.7
-

‘

-

1.3
-

-

3 6 .8
1. 1
1. 1
-

-

4 2 .8
-

S ee f o o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le .
O c c u p a t io n a l W a ge S u r v e y , D e t r o it , M i c h . , O c t o b e r 1953
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
* * F in a n c e ,, in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e .
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s




E s t im a t e s a r e p r o v id e d s e p a r a t e ly , a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in c o m p u tin g
v a c a t io n p a y m e n ts ( le n g t h - o f - t i m e , p e r c e n t a g e , o r o t h e r ty p e ); p e r c e n t a g e and
o t h e r -t y p e p a y m e n ts w e r e c o n v e r t e d t o e q u iv a le n t t im e p e r i o d s in e a r l ie r s tu d ie s .

-

•
-

2 .7

-

-

1.6

5 .5

2 .3

. 1

33
T a b le B-4:

P a id V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P ro v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

V a ca tio n p o lic y

A
ll
industries

A ll w o r k e r s .............................................................

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
3. 1
. 1
9 5 .6
.5
.6
. 1
. 1

Public
utilities*

W
holesale
trade

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 .9
. 1
9 7 .9
. 1
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
4. 1
9 5 .9
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
5 .6
9 4 .4
-

M
anufacturing

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Finance**

Services

All 2
industries

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 6 .4
.6
8 3 .0
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 6 .1
3 .9
-

9 9 .9
9 8 .6
7 .8
8 2 .3
8 .5
1 .3
1 .3

9 9 .9
8 9 .4
5 6 .7
1 5 .3
1 6 .6
.4
.4
1 0 .5
3 .0
4 .3
3 .2

■

. 1

. 1

Retail trade1

Public
utilities *

W
holesale
trade

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
8 7 .6
6 1 .9
1 8 .4
6 .4
.4
.5
1 2 .4
3 .6
5 .2
3 .6

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .9
2 2 .2
1 .3
7 5 .4
1. 1
1. 1
-

100. 0
1 0 0 .0
2 8 .7
6 .0
6 5 .3
-

100. 0
9 7 .3
2 7 .8
.5
6 9 .0
2 .7
2 .7

9 7 .7
9 6 .0
6 7 .2
_
2 5 .2
3 .6
1 .7
1 .7

Manufacturing

Retail trade1

Services

A fte r 2 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
paid v a c a t i o n s ......................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t............................
1 w e e k .............................................................
O v e r 1 but l e s s th an 2 w e e k s ...........
2 w eek s ................................. ......................
O v e r 2 but l e s s than 3 w e e k s ...........
3 w eek s ........................................................
P e r c e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 ............. ..
2 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 2 but l e s s than 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t and o v e r .................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
paid v a c a t i o n s ......................................................

(4)

~

■

■

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-

“

~

-

~

"

2 .3

A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p aym ent ..........................
1 w e e k .............................................................
O v er 1 but l e s s th an 2 w e e k s ..........
2 w e ek s .............................................
O v e r 2 but l e s s than 3 w e e k s ...........
3 w e ek s ........................................................
P e r c e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 .................................
2 p e r c e n t ......................................................
O v er 2 but l e s s th an 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t and o v e r .......................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
paid v a c a t i o n s ......................................................

1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
1. 1
.3
9 6 .5
.5
1 .5
. 1
. 1
(4)

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.3
.5
9 7 .6
. 1
1 .5
"

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
'8 .7
9 1 .3
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 6 .1
3 .9
-

1 0 0 .0
8 7 .6
8 .8
5 5 .4
22. 1
.4
.9
1 2 .4
1. 6
4. 1
6 .7

1 .3
1 .3

9 9 .9
8 9 .4
1 0 .4
4 5 .5
3 2 .3
.4
.8
1 0 .5
1 .3
3 .4
5 .8

. 1

. 1

~

68. 6
1 7 .7
1 2 .3
1 .3
1 .3
-

9 9 .9
8 9 .4
.4
.6
8 4 .2
.8
3 .4
1 0 .5
.2
5 .6
4 .7

1 0 0 .0
8 7 .6
.7
8 4 .2
.8
1 .9
1 2 .4
.2
6 .5
5 -7

. 1

. 1

9 9 .9
9 8 .6
7 .8
8 2 .3
8 .5
-

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .9
4 .0
1 .3
9 3 .6
1. 1
1. 1
■

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 6 .6
5 .9
7 7 .5
~

1 0 0 .0
9 7 .3
8 .6
8 8 .7
2 .7
2 .7
“

9 7 .7
9 6 .0
6 0 .4
3 2 .0
3 .6
1 .7
1 .7
2 .3

A fte r 5 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
paid v a c a t i o n s ......................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e pay m en t ..........................
1 w e e k .............................................................
O v er 1 but l e s s th an 2 w e e k s ...........
2 w eek s ........................................................
O v er 2 but l e s s than 3 w e e k s ...........
3 w eek s ........................................................
P e r c e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 ..................................
3 p e r c e n t ......................................................
4 p e r c e n t ......................................................
O v er 4 but l e s s than 6 p e r c e n t . . .
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g no
paid v a ca tio n s ..............................................

1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
.5
9 2 .1
2 .2
5. 1
. 1
-

. 1
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-

1 0 0 .0

9 2 .6
7 .4
-

-

9 6 .9
.5
2 .6
-

-

(4)

See footnotes at end of table.
* T ra n s p o r ta tio n (exclud in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o ther public u t ilitie s .
* * F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .




1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
8 .4
6 5 .8
.6
2 5 .2
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-

8 4 .7
7 .0
8 .3
-

9 9 .9
9 8 .6
-

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .9
4 .0
9 4 .9
1. 1
1. 1
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 3 .8
6 .2
-

1 0 0 .0
9 7 .3
1 .7
7 4 .5
.5
2 0 .6
2 .7
2 .7
“

9 7 .7
9 6 .0
3 .2
89. 1
3 .6
. 1
1 .7
1 .7
“
2. 3

34
T a b le

B -4 :

P a id V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P ro v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d

P E R C E N T OF O FF IC E WOR KER S E MP L O YE D IN—

Vacation policy

All workers

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*
*

Wholesale
trade

Retail t r ad e1

P E R C E N T OF P L AN T W OR K ER S E M P L O YE D I N —

Finance**

Services

All
2
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade 1

Services

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
8 .4

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_

9 9 .9
9 8 .6
.

9 9 .9
8 9 .4
.4

1 0 0 .0
8 7 .6
-

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-

1 0 0 .0

9 7 .7
9 6 .0

7 1 .7
1 .1
27. 1
. 1
-

9 7 .7
-

8 8 .0
-

5 6 .9
.6

4 5 .0
.

2 .3
.

1 2 .0
_

2 2 .9
..

4 0 .4
4 .6
5 2 .6
2 .4
_
-

7 7 .9
3 .7
6 .8
_

7 7 .9
4 .3
5 .4
.
.

A fte r 10 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providin g
paid v a c a t i o n s .................... .......................... . .
L e n g th -o f-tim e paym ent .........................
1 w eek ..........................................................
2 w eek s .......................................................
O ver 2 but l e s s than 3 w e e k s ...........
3 w eek s .............................................
O ver 3 but l e s s than 4 w e e k s ...........
4 w eek s and o v e r ...................................
P e rc e n ta g e p a y m en t3 .................................
4 p e rc e n t .....................................................
O ver 4 but l e s s than 6 p e rc e n t . . .
6 p e rc e n t and o v e r .............................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providin g no
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

9 9 .9
.5
6 8 .2
1 .4
2 8 .8
.4
.6
. 1
. 1
-

-

_
.

1 1 .2
-

.
-

5 3 .6
.
.
1 .3
1 .3
.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(4 )

-

-

-

-

-

. 1

.6
1 0 .5
5 .2
3 .8
1 .5
. 1

98
4
91
2

.9
.0
.6
.5
.8
_
-

8 6 .2
1 3 .8
_
_
_

9 7 .3
1 .7
6 6 .3
.5
2 1 .5
7 .3
2 .7
-

3 .2
8 8 .4
3 .6
.8
1 .7
1 .7
-

1 2 .4
6 .2
4 .7
1 .5

1. 1
1. 1
-

-

2 .7

-

-

-

-

-

2 .3

A fte r 15 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e paym ent ..........................
1 w e e k ..........................................................
2 w eek s ................................................. ..
O ver 2 but l e s s than 3 w e e k s ...........
3 w eek s ............. ..
O ver 3 but l e s s than 4 w e e k s ...........
4 w eek s and o v er ....................................
P e rc e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 .................................
4 p e r c e n t ....................................................
O ver 4 but l e s s than 6 p e rc e n t . . .
6 p e rc e n t and o v e r .................................
O th e r-ty p e p a y m e n t................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing no
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
.5
1 5 .3
. 1
8 2 .8
.4
.8
. 1
. 1
_

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_

6. 6
. 1

1 4 .2
_

3 6 .6
-

9 3 .2
. 1
.
_

8 5 .8
.
-

6 3 .4
.
.
_

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
8 .4
3 5 .8
.6
4 4 .0
-

1 1 .2
.
.
.

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .6
-

2 6 .9
.

4 5 .0

6 9 .5
2 .4
1 .2
-

5 3 .6
.
.

_

-

-

.

-

-

-

-

-

—

(4 )

-

-

-

-

-

-

1 .3
1 .3
.
-

. 1

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

9 8 .9
4 .0

1 0 0 .0
-

3 .3

4 8 .4
-

9 7 .3
1 .7
4 8 .5
.5
3 9 .3
-

9 9 .9
8 9 .4
.4

1 0 0 .0
8 7 .6
.

1 2 .8

5 .3
2 .5
7 9 .8
-

9 1 .6
-

1 2 .2
1 .5

1 .1
-

2 .2
7 3 .4
.6
1 0 .3
1 .3
1 .3
7 .7
.2
. 1

-

5 1 .6
.
-

7 .3
2 .7
-

9 7 .7
9 6 .0
3 .2
8 8 .4
3 .6
.8
1 .7
1 .7
-

1 .6

.

9 .1
. 2

1 .1

-

2 .7

-

-

-

-

-

2 .3

A fte r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e paym ent .........................
1 w eek ............................................. ..
2 w eek s .......................................................
O ver 2 but l e s s than 3 w e e k s ...........
3 w eek s .......................................................
O ver 3 but l e s s than 4 w e e k s ...........
4 w eek s and o v e r ...................................
P e rc e n ta g e p a y m e n t3 .................................
4 p e r c e n t .................................................. ..
O ver 4 but l e s s than 6 p e rc e n t . . .
6 p e rc e n t and o v e r ..............................
O th e r-ty p e p a y m e n t.....................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov idin g no
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
.5
1 4 .8
. 1
8 1 .8
. 1
2 .6
. 1
. 1
_

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_

6 .2
. 1

1 4 .2
_

36. 1
_

9 3 .3
. 1

8 4 .8
.

6 3 .9
.

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_

.3
_
_

1 .0
_
_
_

.
.
_

8 .4
3 4 .2
.6
4 5 .6
1 1 .2
.
.
_

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.

9 9 .9
9 8 .6
.

2 6 .7
.

4 5 .0
.

6 1 .0
-

5 3 .6
-

1 2 .3
_

1 .3
1 .3
.

9 9 .9
8 9 .4
.4
1 2 .7
2 .2
7 2 .7
.3
1 .1
1 0 .3

1 0 0 .0
8 7 .6
.
5 .3
2 .5
7 8 .9
.3
.6
1 2 .2
1 .5
1 .6

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .9
4 .0
3 .3
9 1 .6
0
1 .1
_

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
4 8 .4
5 1 .6
-

1 0 0 .0
9 7 .3
1 .7
4 7 .3
.5
4 0 .5
-

9 7 .7
9 6 .0
3 .2
8 8 .4
3 .6
.8
-

7 .3
2 .7
_

1 .7
1 .7
.
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1 .3
1 .3
7 .7

-

2 .7

-

-

-

-

-

“

.2

9 .1
.2

1 .1

-

-

-

-

-

(4 )

-

-

-

-

-

. 1

.1

-

-

“

-

2 .3

See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u i i i s
tlte.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.




1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0

35
Ta b le B-4*.

P a id V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P ro v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

V a c a tio n p o lic y

A ll w o r k e r s ...........................................................

All
industries

Public
utilities*

Manufacturing

Wholesale
trade

PERCENT
Finance **

Retail trade1

Services

All 2
industries

Manufacturing

OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade1

Services

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
9 9 .9
.5
1 4 .7
.1
7 5 .6
.1
8 .9
.1
.1
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
8 .4
3 4 .2
.6
2 2 .0
3 4 .8
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0

9 9 .9
9 8 .6
4 2 .4
_
5 6 .2
_
_
1 .3
1 .3
-

9 9 .9
8 9 .4
.4
1 2 .4
2 .2
7 0 .9
.3
3 .2
1 0 .3
1 .3
1 .3
7 .7
.2

1 0 0 .0
8 7 .6
_
5 .3
2 .5
7 8 .8
.3
.7
1 2 .2
1 .5
1 .6
9 .1
.2

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .9
4 .0
3 .3
_
8 2 .6
_
9 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_
4 8 .4
_
3 7 .0

1 0 0 .0
9 7 .3
1 .7
4 7 .4
.5
2 4 .4

9 7 .7
9 6 .0
3 .2
8 1 .3
3. 6
7 .9

_
_
1 .1
-

1 4 .6
_
_
_
_
-

2 3 .3
2 .7
_
_
2 .7
_

-

-

-

A fte r 25 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t .........................
1 w e e k ..........................................................
2 w eek s .........................................................
O ver 2 but l e s s th an 3 w eek s . . . .
3 w eek s ........................................................
O ver 3 but l e s s th an 4 w eek s . . . .
4 w eek s and o v e r ....................................
P e r c e n ta g e p ay m en t3 ...............................
4 p e r c e n t ...................................................
O ver 4 but l e s s th an 6 p e r c e n t . . .
6 p e r c e n t and o v e r .................................
O th e r-ty p e p a y m e n t ....................................
W o rk e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
no paid v a c a t i o n s ..............................................

(4 )

-

-

-

6 .2
.1
9 3 .3
.1
.3

7 1 .2
_
1 4 .6

-

-

-

-

“

“

1 4 .2
-

3 6 .1
-

4 0 .3
-

2 3 .6
-

-

“

-

2 6 .7
_
4 3 .7
_
2 9 .6
-

■

1

1
2
3
4
*
**

_
_
2 .3

E x clu d e s data fo r two la r g e d epartm en t s to r e s .
In clu d es d ata fo r r e a l e s ta te in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
P e r c e n t of an n ual e a r n in g s .
L e s s th an 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t.
T ra n s p o r ta tio n (exclu d in g ra ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r public u t ilitie s .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .

Table B-5:

Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Type of plan

A ll w o rk e r s . ........................................................
W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g :
L ife i n s u r a n c e ..............................................
A c cid e n ta l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t
in s u ra n c e ......................................................
S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u ra n c e . . .
S ic k le a v e (full pay and no
w aitin g p e r i o d ) .........................................
S ic k le a v e (p a rtia l pay o r
w aitin g p e rio d ) .........................................
H o sp ita liz a tio n in s u ra n c e ....................
S u r g ic a l i n s u r a n c e ....................................
M e d ica l in s u ra n c e ....................................
C a ta stro p h e in s u ra n c e ..........................
R e tir e m e n t p e n sio n .................................
H ealth , in s u ra n c e , o r p en sio n p lan
not lis te d above ......................................
No h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n sio n
plan ........................................................ ..
1
2
*
**

1 .7
1 .7

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade1

Finance **

Services

industries2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

Retail trade1

Services

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

9 2 .4

9 8 .4

9 7 .8

6 4 .5

6 6 .0

8 9 .8

7 3 .4

9 5 .2

9 9 .1

1 0 0 .0

8 8 .5

6 7 .2

7 5 .1

4 3 .5
6 2 .1

5 7 .7
9 1 .5

7 .6
1 0 .2

2 7 .1
3 4 .1

5 2 .3
3 5 .8

1 2 .6
5 .9

3 4 .4
2 3 .3

5 3 .8
8 5 .6

5 6 .8
9 4 .0

2 6 .5
2 9 .0

4 1 .8
5 5 .0

5 5 .8
5 0 .2

1 8 .7
6 0 .6

5 4 .9

5 8 .4

8 7 .3

5 7 .0

1 8 .9

3 8 .8

3 5 .5

6 .5

1 .9

3 8 .7

3 2 .7

3 1 .2

5 .4

6 .4
8 2 .7
7 7 .1
6 7 .1

_

1 2 .8
8 4 .0
8 1 .9
6 9 .2
.1
7 3 .3

2 0 .9
9 5 .8
9 3 .6
8 7 .2

.9

.3
5 9 .4
5 9 .4
2 6 .1
.6
8 7 .4

.9

2 .8

-

8 6 .9

.1

2 .2
8 0 .6
6 6 .2
5 7 .8

3 8 .2
3 8 .2
3 2 .0
-

-

5 4 .3

2 1 .3

.
.2

_

5 .3

_

_

2 0 .8

E x clu d e s d ata to r two la r g e d epartm en t s t o r e s .
In clu d es d ata fo r r e a l e s ta t e in addition to th ose industry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
T r a n s p o r ta tio n (ex clu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , co m m u n icatio n , and o th er public u t ilitie s .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .




PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

7 2 .8
7 2 .8
5 0 .5
5 1 .1

5 .4

7 6 .1

9 5 .4
9 3 .2
8 3 .7
8 4 .5

.2

7 2 .9
7 2 .9
3 7 .0
2 0 .3

_

7 .1

1 .3
8 8 .4
8 6 .5
7 6 .3

_

.2

.

.2

1 .9

3 2 .3
6 2 .9
6 2 .9
3 6 .6

-

-

7 4 .5

-

-

4 6 .5
4 6 .5
3 8 .7
-

6 6 .2
6 6 .2
4 9 .0
-

5 3 .8

2 7 .2

2 0 .7

3 .1

1 3 .2

1 4 .4

O ccu p atio n al W age S u rv ey , D e tr o it, M ich. , O ctob er 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A BO R
B u re a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s

36

Table B-6:

Overtime Pay Practices

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
O v ertim e p o lic y

A ll w o r k e r s ............................................................

A
ll
industries

M
anufacturing

Public
utilities*

W
holesale
trade

Retail trade1
2

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Finance **

Services

All industries®

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

W
holesale
trade

Retail trade1

Services

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

3 9 .2
36. 3

4 2 .9
4 1 .7

55. 1
4 9 .4

6 0 .5
5 4 .8

2 5 .7
16. 5

9 .6
8 .5

44. 1
3 1 .3

89. 3
86. 1

9 8 .0
9 4 .3

6 5 .5
6 5 .5

7 1 .2
7 1 .2

2 9 .4
2 9 .4

8 0 .9
7 3 .2

1 .2
35. 1

-

4 1 .7

3 .0
51. 8

1 .6
1 4 .9

6 .1
2 .4

2 .2
2 9 .1

.5
8 4 .2

.5
9 3 .8

6 4 .2

6 6 .5

1 .2
1 7 .4

. 1
6 4 .2

D aily o v e rtim e
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing
p rem iu m pay .....................................................
T im e and o n e -h a lf ......................................
E ffe c tiv e a fte r l e s s than
8 h ou rs .....................................................
E ffe c tiv e a fte r 8 h o u r s .......................
E ffe c tiv e a fte r m o r e than
8 h ou rs .....................................................
Double tim e .....................................................
O ther 3 ...........................................................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing no
p rem iu m pay o r h aving no p o lic y . . . . .

_

4 9 .4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1. 3

4 .7

10. 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

2 .9

1 .2

5 .7

5. 7

9 .2

1 . 1

1 2 .8

3 .2

3 .7

-

-

60. 8

5 7 .1

4 4 .9

3 9 .5

74. 3

9 0 .4

5 5 .9

1 0 .7

2 .0

3 4 .5

9 8 .3
87. 9

9 9 .7
97. 3

9 9 .9
6 0 .3

97. 8
9 2 .1

81. 3
72. 1

9 9 .9
8 2 .5

9 3 .0
5 5 .7

9 7 .4
9 6 .3

9 9 .3
98. 1

96. 0
9 6 .0

1 .6
86. 0

97. 3

6 0 .3

3 .0
89. 1

9 .6
5 8 .7

6 .0
76. 5

2 .2
5 1 .4

.9
9 1 .3

.5
97. 6

9 4 .7

-

-

-

3 .8

-

2 .1

4. 1
-

-

1 .3

-

-

-

2 .4

39. 6

5 .7

9 .2

1 7 .4

3 7 .3

1 . 1

1 .2

"

”

3

. 1

2 .2

18. 7

. 1

7 .0

2. 6

.7

-

1 .4

28. 8

8 .9
-

7 .7
70. 6

19. 1

79. 6
79. 6

9 5 .4
9 1 .4

4 .8
40. 3

. 1
6 2 .5

3 4 .5

28. 8

W eekly o v e rtim e
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing
p rem iu m pay ........................................................................
T im e and o n e -h a lf ...................................... ...
E ffe c tiv e a fte r le s s than
40 hou rs .....................................................................
E ffe c tiv e a fte r 40 h o u r s ............................
E ffe c tiv e a fte r m o r e than
40 hou rs .....................................................................
Double t i m e ........................................................................
O th e r3 .........................................................................................
W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providing no
prem iu m pay o r having no p o l i c y ..............

1
2
3
*
**

.
_

3

1 0 .4
1 .7

-

.

-

-

-

4 .0

1 0 0 . 0

1 0 0 .0
-

1 0 0 .0

-

-

*

4 .0

2 0 .4

4. 6

E x clu d es data fo r 2 la rg e d ep artm en t s t o r e s .
Includes data fo r r e a l e s ta te in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
Includes p ro v isio n s fo r a s p e c ifie d num ber of o v e rtim e hou rs at e ith e r ( l ) no*pay, (2) re g u la r r a t e , o r (3) a p rem iu m r a te ; and p rem iu m p ay a t a n o th e r r a t e t h e r e a f te r .
T ra n s p o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o ther public u t ilitie s .
O ccu p atio n al W age S u rv e y , D e tr o it, M i c h ., O cto b er 1953
F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u of L a b o r S t a tis tic s




37
T a b le B -7:

R a te o f P a y f o r H o lid a y W o r k

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

P a y p r o v is io n

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

9 2 .2

8 6 .8
.1
13. 6
6 8 .5
4 .5

All
industries

Manufacturing

A ll w o r k e r s ...........................................................

1 0 0 .0

W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith pay
p ro v isio n s fo r w o rk on paid
h o lid a y s 3 ...........................................................

78. 7

R e g u la r r a te o n l y ......................................
T im e and o n e -h a lf ....................................
Double tim e ...................................................
Double tim e and o n e -h a lf ....................
T rip le tim e ...................................................
E q u al tim e off .............................................
O ther p lan ......................................................

.5
8 .0
6 5 .8
1 .9
1 .3
1 .0
.2

4 .7
8 3 .5
1 .6
2 .1
.3
-

W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith
no fo r m a l p o lic y ...........................................

2 1 .3

7 .8

_

Finance**

Services

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

6 5 .9

4 4 .7

49. 6

3 3 .4

6 .3
6. 6
3 5 .0
4 .0

2 .7
2 2 .0
1 9 .8

Retail trade1
2

-

_

1 5 .9
3 1 .1
.8

.6
2 9 .1
3 .7

-

-

.1
-

1 0 .5
3 .5

.2
-

1 .8
-

-

1 3 .2

34. 1

5 5 .3

5 0 .4

-

-

-

W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith
no paid h o lid ay s ...........................................

1 E x clu d e s data fo r 2 la r g e d e p artm en t s t o r e s .
2 In clu d es data fo r r e a l e s ta te in addition to th ose in d u stry d iv ision s shown s e p a r a te ly .
3 In clu d es h o lid ay p ay and r a te fo r w ork on paid h oliday.
*
T ra n s p o r ta tio n (exclud in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th e r public u t ilitie s .
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .




PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN -

-

6 6 .6

All 2
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

7 8 .6

8 1 .6

9 1 .1

92. 5

4 8 .2

6 7 .3

-

9 .0
6 3 .2
1 6 .9
2 .0
-

2 .3
5 .1
6 5 .2
1 7 .3
2. 6
-

6 .5
2 1 .0
1 8 .0
1 .1
_
1 .6
-

26. 1
32. 6
4 .2
_
-

-

-

5 .7

4 4 .4

1 3 .8

8 .9

1 .8

7 .4

1 8 .9

.8
2. 3
6 4 .8
5 .3
5 .2
.2
4 .7
1 6 .7

_
.

7 1 .7
3 .9
6 .0
-

1 8 .4

_

Retail trade1

Services

4 .4
_

O ccupation al Wage S u rv ey , D e tr o it, M ic h ., O ctober 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F LA B O R
B u re a u of L ab oi S ta tis tic s

38

Table B-8:

Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Item

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade?

Finance**

Services

All 2
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade1
2

Services

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

27

93
77
16
7

97
86
11
3

96
26
70
4

100
50
50
-

61
22
39
39

48
42
6
52

100

100

100

100

100

100

90
10
4
4
2

91
9
4
5
(4)

95
5

89
11

-

-

1
4

4
7

77
23
1
(4)
22

84
16
16
(4)

92

95

99

92

62

84

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

100

100

100

100

100

83

54
4
50
46

-

-

-

26
74

74
26

27
73

WAGE ST R U C T U R E F O R T IM E -R A T E D
W O R K E R S3
A ll w o r k e r s ..........................................................
F o r m a l ra te s tru c tu re .................................
Single ra te .....................................................
Range of r a t e s .............................................
Individual r a t e s ..................................................

76
(4)
76
24

87
-

-

87
13

83
17

26

74

METHOD OF WAGE P A Y M E N T F O R
PL A N T W O RK ERS
A ll w o r k e r s .........................................................

DATA

NOT

COLLECTED

T im e w o r k e r s .....................................................
In cen tive w o rk ers ...........................................
P ie ce w o rk .....................................................
Bonus w ork ....................................................
C o m m is s io n ................................... ..............
LA BO R-M A N A G EM EN T A G R E E M E N T S 5
W ork ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts with
a g re em e n ts co v erin g a m a jo r ity
of such w o rk e rs .............................................

22

27

36

22

4

2

7

1 E xclu d e s data fo r 2 la rg e d ep artm en t s to r e s .
2 In clu d es data fo r r e a l e s ta te in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly .
3 E s tim a te s fo r o ffic e w o rk e rs a r e b ased on to ta l o ffic e em p loym en t, w h erea s e s tim a te s fo r p lan t w o rk e rs a r e b a se d on tim e -r a te d em p lo y ees o nly .
4
L e s s than 0.5 p e rc e n t.
5 E s tim a te s r e la te to a ll w o rk ers (o ffice o r plant) em ployed in an e s ta b lis h m e n t having a c o n tr a c t in e ffe c t co v erin g a m a jo rity of the w o rk e rs in the r e s p e c tiv e c a te g o r y . T he e s tim a te s so
obtained a r e not n e c e s s a r ily re p re s e n ta tiv e of the exten t to w hich a ll w o rk ers in the a r e a m ay be co v ere d by the p ro v isio n s of the la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts due to the ex c lu s io n of s m a lle r s iz e e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
* T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n icatio n , and o th er public u t ilitie s .
O ccu p atio n al W age S u rv e y , D e tr o it, M ich . , O cto b er 1953
* * F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s




39

MINNEAPOLIS-ST .

PAUL,

More than twice as many workers are employed in non
manufacturing enterprises in the 4 -county Minneapolis-St. Paul
Metropolitan area than in manufacturing establishments.
T rans
portation, trade, and finance pursuits each provide employment
for large numbers of w orkers.
Among the manufacturing group
of industries, important segments of the area’ s work force are
engaged in the production of machinery, ordnance and other metal
products, food products, paper and printing products, and apparel.
This annual study of wages and related benefits presents data
collected from 239 establishments employing 145,000 workers,
which were selected to represent more than 1,000 establishments
employing over 2 35 ,0 00 workers in 6 major industry groupings
(see table following).

NOVEMBER

1953

the lower paid plant jobs studied, men janitors averaged $ 1 . 3 4 ,
order fillers $1. 59, and laborers handling material $1. 64. Numer
ically, these occupations were among the most important studied.
Classified according to size of equipment used, truckdriver hourly
earnings ranged from $ 1 . 8 0 on light trucks (under IV2 tons) to
$ 1 . 8 4 on heavy trucks (over 4 tons).
Maintenance workers earned about the same average hourly
pay in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing.
In the custodial and
material movement occupations, however, the manufacturing estab
lishments generally had higher averages.
This was also true
among the office occupations but the differences in averages were
very sm all.
C ost-of-L ivin g and Annual Improvement Adjustments

Wage Structure
Plant workers in the Minneapolis- St. Paul area were
generally paid on a time basis.
However, one out of six plant
(nonoffice) workers was eligible for some type of incentive pay
(piecework, com m ission, or production bonus).
Nine out of ten
of the plant tim e-rated workers were in establishments which had
a form al wage plan providing for a specific rate or range of rates
for each occupation.
Single-rate plans and range-of-rate plans
covered about equal proportions of plant workers.
Form al wage plans also covered a majority of office
workers in each industry division and six - tenths of all office
w orkers.
Nearly all plans covering office workers, however,
provided for ranges of rates rather than single rates.
Form al wage plans which also provided a series of labor
grades or rate steps were reported by 15 percent of the establish
ments studied.
Most of these plans covered office workers only.
Such plans were reported in both manufacturing and nonmanufac
turing. Plant and office pay system s in these establishments ranged
from 5 or less to more than 20 labor grades.

Eighteen of the 239 firm s studied reported provisions for
periodic adjustment of wages to changes in the cost of living.
Nearly all of the plans were in the public utilities and manufacturing
(mainly metalworking ) industries.
Ten plans applied to plant
workers only, one to office workers, and seven covered both
groups.
Half of the plans called for quarterly adjustments and
the other half for semiannual adjustments.
Six firm s reported
annual improvement (productivity) provisions; five of these were
found in establishments that also reported cost-of-living adjustment
provisions.
Labor-Management Agreements
Eighty-five percent of plant workers in the industry and
establishm ent-size groups covered by the survey were employed
in establishments having labor-management agreements that covered
a majority of their plant workers.
A majority of plant workers
were covered in each of the industry divisions studied. The agree
ments covered one-ninth of all office workers but only 1 out of 16
of the office workers in manufacturing establishments.
Work Schedules

Occupational Pay Levels
Weekly salaries of women office workers averaged between
$ 4 7 . 5 0 and $ 5 7 . 5 0 in 17 of 23 jobs studied.
Lowest averages
were reported for office girls and routine file clerks (about $40).
Secretaries averaged $63 and class A accounting clerks $ 6 1 . 5 0 .
General stenographers, numerically the most important office job
studied, averaged $ 5 2 . 5 0 .

A ll but 2 percent of the office workers were on weekly
work schedules of 40 hours or less; over a fifth were scheduled
to work less than 40 hours.
Nearly a fifth of all plant workers,
however, were scheduled to work more than 40 hours in November
1953.
In manufacturing and retail trade, a seventh and a third,
of all plant workers respectively, had weekly schedules in excess
of 40 hours.
Overtime Pay

Skilled maintenance workers such as electricians, machin
ists, and pipefitters generally averaged $ 2 . 2 5 an hour or m ore.
Maintenance mechanics averaged $2.0 5 while automotive mechanics
averaged $ 1 . 9 2 .
T ool-and-die makers averaged $ 2 . 3 7 .
Among



Premium pay for work after the regular workweek was
provided for nearly all plant and office workers. Generally, time
and one-half was paid after 40 hours or le s s .
About one-fifth of

40

the nonoffice workers in retail trade, however,
hours to qualify for overtime premium pay.
daily overtime was provided for 85 percent of
generally time and one-half after 8 hours.
A
premium rate for daily overtime for office
prevalent.

had to work longer
Premium pay for
the plant workers,
policy of paying a
workers was less

Paid Vacations
A ll office workers and virtually all plant workers qualified
for paid vacations after 1 y ea rfs service; two-thirds of the office
workers received 2 weeks whereas most plant workers received 1
week or its equivalent. After 3 y e a r s1 service, about three-fourths
of the plant workers received 2 weeks or better and all but 3
percent of the office workers received 2 weeks or better.

Shift Operations
Nearly one-fourth of the plant workers in manufacturing
establishments were employed on extra shifts and all but a very
few (0.6 percent) received a pay differential, most commonly an
additional 10 cents an hour for either 2d or 3d shift work. Threetenths of the shift workers were paid a percentage differential,
most commonly llz percent for the 2d shift and \Zlz percent for
!
/
the 3d shift.

Three weeks1 vacation after 10 years was reported for
more than one-fourth of both the office and plant w orkers.
A
m ajority of both office workers (three-fourths) and plant workers
(six-tenths) were in establishments giving 3 weeks* vacation after
15 years.
A fifth of the office workers and one-fifteenth of the
plant workers were in establishments where they would be eligible
for 4 weeks* vacation after 25 years* service.
Health, Insurance,

Paid Holidays
Nearly all establishments within the scope of the survey
provided holidays with pay.
Four-fifths of the office and plant
workers received 6 paid holidays and most of the remainder were
in establishments that provided either 7 or 8 paid holidays.
For
work on paid holidays the most common policy was to pay double
time (including the holiday pay); two and one-half times the regular
rate or more was also reported by many establishments.
Pay
provisions for work on paid holidays were less common for office
workers.

and Pension Plans

A ll but about 8 percent of the office workers and 6 percent
of the plant workers were in establishments furnishing or con
tributing toward some type of insurance or pension plan.
Nearly
nine-tenths of the workers were eligible for life insurance. Other
types of insurance which were prevalent were hospitalization,
surgical, sickness and accident, and to a le s s e r degree, accidental
death and dismemberment.
Some type of sick leave was granted
on a formal basis to about 45 percent of the office workers and 30
percent of the plant workers.
Pension •plans were available to
seven-tenths of the office workers and alm ost half of the plant
w orkers.

E s ta b lish m e n ts and W o rk ers Within Scope o f Survey and N um ber Studied in M in n e a p o lis-S t. P a u l, M inn. , 1 by M a jo r In d u stry D iv isio n , N ovem ber 1953
N um ber of esta b lish m e n ts
In d ustry div ision

M inim um siz e
e sta b lish m e n t
in sco p e of
study 2

W ithin
scope of
study

Studied

W o rk ers
With in
scop e of
study

Studied
T o ta l

O ffice

A ll d i v i s i o n s ...........................................................................................................................

51

1 ,0 0 9

239

2 3 8 ,6 0 0

1 4 4 ,9 0 0

3 2 ,2 7 0

M anufacturing 3 ................................ ..................................................................................
N onm anufacturing ...............................................................................................................
T ra n sp o rta tio n (excluding r a ilr o a d s ),
co m m u n icatio n, and o ther public u t i l i t i e s ..................................................
W h olesale tra d e ....................................................................... ....................................
R e ta il t r a d e ......................................................................................................................
F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and re a l e s t a t e ................................................................
S e r v ic e s 4 * ......................................................................................................................

51
51

409
600

89
150

1 2 2 ,8 0 0
1 1 5 ,8 0 0

7 7 ,2 0 0
6 7 , 700

1 1 ,5 8 0
2 0 ,6 9 0

51
51
51
51
51

74
133
233
83
77

23
36
42
29
20

2 7 ,7 0 0
1 8 ,1 0 0
4 2 ,5 0 0
1 6 ,0 0 0
1 1 ,5 0 0

2 0 ,8 0 0
8 ,4 0 0
2 3 ,8 0 0
1 0 ,1 0 0
4 ,6 0 0

3 ,9 4 0
3 , 130
4 , 120
7 , 930
1 ,5 7 0

1 The M in n e a p o lis-S t. P au l M etrop o litan A rea (Anoka, D akota, H ennepin, and R a m sey C o u n ties).
T otal esta b lish m e n t em p loym ent.
F o r wage study p u rp o se s, a ll o u tlets (within the a r e a ) of com panies in such in d u strie s a s tr a d e , fin a n ce , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e ,
and
m o tio n -p ictu re th e a te r s a re co n sid ered as one esta b lis h m e n t.
3 Includes data fo r an ordnance estab lish m e n t fo r m e r ly g overnm ent o p erated but now p riv a te ly op erated . T h is e sta b lish m e n t w as not includ ed in e a r l i e r su rv e y s in the a r e a .
H otels; p e rso n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u sin e ss s e r v ic e s ; autom obile re p a ir sh op s; ra d io b roa d ca stin g and te lev isio n ; m otion p ic tu re s ; n on p rofit m e m b e rsh ip o rg a n iz a tio n s; and e n g i
n eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s .
* T h is in d ustry d iv ision is a p p ro p riately re p re se n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s tr ie s " and "non m an ufactu rin g" in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s although co v era g e was in su ffi
cie n t to ju s tify se p a ra te p resen ta tio n of data.




41

A: Occupational Earnings
Table A-l: Office Occupations
(A verage straight tim e w eekly hou rs and earnings 1 fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area
b asis in M inn eapolis-S t. P aul, M in n ., by industry d ivisio n , N ovem ber 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARN!INGS OF

Average

Sex,

o c c u p a tio n ,

an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

U n der

Weekly
earnings
$
(Standard) 3 5 . 0 0

$
3 5 .0 0

$
3 7 .5 0

$
4 0 .0 0

$
4 2 .5 0

$
$
4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0

3 7 .5 0

4 0 .0 0

4 2 .5 0

4 5 .0 0

4 7 .5 0

5 0 .0 0

$
5 0 .0 0
5 2 . 50

$
5 2 .5 0
5 5 .0 0

$
5 5 .0 0

$
6 0 .0 0

$
5 7 .5 0

5 7 . BO 6 0 . 0 0

6 2 . 50

$
6 2 .5 0

$
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 . 00 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0
and
6 5 . 00 6 7 .5 0 7 0 . 00 7 2 . 50 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 o v e r

M en
C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A .........................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
W h o le s a le tr a d e
........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e ....................................................

582
192
390
151

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5

50

4 0 .0

«
P
7 3 .5 0
7 4 .0 0
7 3 .0 0
6 9 .5 0
7 0 .0 0

C l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s B
......................
M a n u fa c tu rin g
....................................................

309
133
176

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5

5 6 .5 0
6 0 .0 0
5 3 .5 0

_

407
135

.

2 72
207

7 0 .0 0
6 9 .5 0
7 0 . 50
7 2 .5 0

_

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
...........................................
W h o le s a le tr a d e
........................................

40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0

.

M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................

_

_

-

O ffic e b o v s
.....................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................

176
58
118

4 0 .0
40. 0
3 9 .5

4 1 .5 0
1 4 2 .0 0
| 4 1 .5 0

217

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5

6 7 .5 0
7 2 .0 0
6 4 . 00
6 0 .5 0

72

3 9 .5
40. 0
3 9 .5
40. 0
40. 0

134
134

39. 5
3 9 .5

5 1 .0 0
5 1 .0 0

174
81
93

4 0 .0
40. 0
3 9 .5

5 7 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
5 8 .0 0

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

859

3 9 .5
40. 0
3 9 .5
40. 0

47. 50

6
_

61
1

6
_

60
3

6

55

47
1
46
3
40

_

_

_

_

_

_

.

_

-

-

-

-

N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................................

C le r k s ,

order

.............................................................

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g

...........................................

T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ....................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
...........................................
.......................................................
F in a n c e * *

89
128
79

_

_

_

-

-

_

3
-

3
_

2
_

3
>

1
1
_
_

10
_

3
-

10
7

2
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

6

_
-

17
1

-

6

11
3
8

20
10
10

33
5
28

28
6
22

35

6

6
_

.

11

_

_
_

_

2

4
-

-

-

-

-

9
3

_
-

9
9

4
4

6
3
3

35
8
27

24
7
17

59
20

14
4
10

15
8
7

10
2
8

3
2
1

6
1
5

-

_

_

_

-

_
-

3
_

7

-

3
8
6

8
3
5

-

3
3

1
1
1

7
_

-

2
2
2

11

-

3
_

4

4

4 7 .5 0
4 9 .5 0

2
-

10
1
9
-

2

6

4

12

35
10
25
12
3

26
25
18
4

20
3
17
3
13

49
14
35
8
22

14
6
8
2
1

16
lo

2
-

17
4
13
-

29
1

4 7 .0 0
4 9 .0 0
4 6 . 00

_

_

-

-

1
1

8
8

3
3

48
48

28
28

21
21

_

_

22

_

26
18
8

15

-

8
7

154
30
124
21
84

73
65
30
25

11

15

36

5

5

6

10

-

-

39

3
3

16
12
3

14
1
13
6

13
22

16
1
15
11
1
40
27
13

58
12
46
27
2
47
23

37
2
35
11
12

32
9
23
8
2

33
15
18

12

30
13
17
5

48

57
10
47
30

24

9
3

37
10
16

11
11

7
7

27
3
24
20

17
5
12

12
-

9

9

3
3

1
_

_

_

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

11
_

24
2
22

13
5
8

14

6

19
4
15
12

1
-

1

1
1

6
4
2
2

5

-

-

2
2

2
2

_

2
2

-

9
13

6
3
3

16
4
12

21
1
20

16
7

106
50
56

52
22
30

40

24
16

19
14

4

58
28
30
11

12

11
8

32
16
13

70
33

53
25
28
* 15
3

44
------ r e - —
26
16
2

105
W

48
15

50
20
30

23
7

19
6
13
3

36
1
35
5

-

-

-

29
-------6

9

10
3

1
1

_

2
2

-

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

25
8
17
15

53
20
33

51
z ir

13
7
6
6

18
------ 5
13
11

13
13
13

16
2
14
14

.

_

_

-

-

-

10
4
6

2
1
1

_
_

-

-

-

—

26

29

17

-

_

_

-

-

-

21
13
8
5

26
14
12

14
11

34
27
7
2

2
1
1
1

6
-

1
-

.

_
_

_

_

_

_

_

1
1

_

-

6
3

_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

2
2

10
10

7
7

*

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

29
25

1
-

_

1
_

7
-

3
_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

4

1

-

1

7

3

-

-

-

4
4

_
_

8

7
7

_
_

_

_

_

_

_

_
_

_

-

-

-

7
_

8
3

7

5

_

.

7

3
1

_

8
2
6
1

W om en

B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h i n e ) . . .
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
...........................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ...........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e .......................................................
B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g
m a c h i n e ) .........................................................................
...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g

266
85
181
58

28
5

51

6
1

7
5
2

-

B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s A
.........................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
.
..................................
B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s B
.........................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ...........................................
W h o le s a le tr a d e
........................................
F in a n c e * *
.......................................................

219
640
112
351

......................

490

M a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
...........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e ....................................................

129
361
60

C le r k s ,

a c c o u n tin g ,

c la s s A

39. 0
40. 0
40. 0
39. 5
4 0 .0

5 2 . 50
4 6 . 00
4 9 .5 0
4 3 .0 0
6 1 .5 0
6 1 .0 0
6 1 .5 0
6 1 . 00

-

-

110

8

101
28
73
_

71

40

4
106

See footnote at end of table.
*
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




9
9
-

8

16
24

9

8

5
4

71
14
57
19

10

-

9
27

46
11
35

46
13

33

38
6
32

3

8

7

6

6

11
6
5

8
4
4
2
2
41
11
30
1

19
13
6
1

114
12
102
15

8

_

_
_

_

_

_
_
_

_

_
_

_
_

_
_
_

-

-

-

-

-

21
17
4

2
«.

5
_

_

2

5

_

1
1
_

Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , November 1953
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

42

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by industry division, November 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—

A ve r a g e

Sex,

o c c u p a tio n ,

an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

s

$
S
$
$
$
$
S—
1$
U nder $
Weekly
3 5 . 00 3 7 .5 0 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 5 0 . 00 5 2 . 50 5 5 . 00
earnings
$
(Standard) 3 5 . 0 0
3 7 . 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 .5 0 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 5 0 . 00 5 2 . 50 5 5 . 00 5 7 . 50

$

$

$

$

$

$

s

%

S

%

5 7 .5 0

6 0 . 00

6 2 .5 0

6 5 . 00

6 7 .5 0

7 0 . 00

7 2 .5 0

7 5 .0 0

8 0 . 00

8 5 . 00

9 0 . 00

9 5 . 00

6 0 . 00

6 2 .5 0

6 5 . 00

6 7 . 50

7 0 . 00

7 2 .5 0

7 5 . 00

8 0 . 00

8 5 . 00

9 0 . 00

9 5. 00

and
over

_

_

_
_
_

_
_

W o m e n - C o n t in u e d
$
C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B .................. ...
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
.......................................
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ....................................

2 ,0 5 4
402
1 ,6 5 2
186

R e t a i l t r a d e ................................................

429

C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A ........................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................
C le r k s , file , c la s s B
.......................................
M a n u fa c tu rin g
................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
.......................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ....................................
W h o le s a le tr a d e
....................................
R e ta il tr a d e
F in a n c e * *

................................................
................................................

C l e r k s , o r d e r ............................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ......................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .........................................
R e t a i l t r a d e ................................................

217
129
1 .2 0 2
278
924
32

2
-

4 7 .0 0
4 8 .0 0

2
-

9
97
11

4 8 .5 0

1

42

40. 0
5 0 . 50
4 0 . 0 “ 5 1 .0 0

_

_

-

-

4 1 . 00
4 1 .0 0

78
-

4 0 . 50
4 4 . 50
4 5 .0 0
4 0 . 00

78
_

234
103
131
_

2
20
55

13
26
83

3 9 .5
4 0 .0

3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5

189
173
501

40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
3 9 .5

362
157
205
115

39. 5
40. 0
40. 0

3 9 .5

40. 0
C l e r k s , p a y r o l l ......................................................
619
. . .
.
M a n u f a c t u r i n g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7 7 . . . . 4 .0 .. . 0. . .
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 2. . . . . 4 0 .. 0 . .
. .
. . .
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72. . . . . 4. 0. . . 0 . .
.
.
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e .....................................
R e t a i l t r a d e ....................................... ..
C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s .................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
.......................................
W h o le s a le tr a d e
....................................
...............................................
R e ta il tr a d e
F in a n c e * *
..................................................
D u p lic a t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
( m i m e o g r a p h o r d i t t o ) .................. .................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
.......................................
K e v -p u n c h o p e r a t o r s
.......................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................. ....................
.......................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ....................................
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ......................................
F i n a n c e * * ...................................................
O ffic e g ir ls
...............................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
.......................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ....................................
R e ta il tr a d e
................................................
F i n a n c e * * ...................................................

71
116
979
232
747
320
227
59

i

4 8 . 00
5 1 .5 0

39. 5
3975"
3 9 .5

40. 0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
40. 0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
39. 0
3 8 .5

3 9 . 00
4 9 . 50
5 1 .0 0
4 8 .5 0
4 3 .5 0

8

8
8

5 5 . 50

.5 . 6 . 0 0

106

j
!

27

I

116
—

6
1

13
43
159

1

5 2 .0 0
5 2 . 50
5 1 .5 0
5 2 . 00
5 3 .5 0
5 2 . 00

-

_

!
'

2

;

_
!

!

31

_

_

1
1

13

2

_

6 0 .5 0
5 2 .5 0

!

-

_

i

_

_

_

i
_

-

-

r

!

2

!

22
40

76
11
65
5
44
8

16
8
8
1
7
_

29
13

41
23
18

1

16
7

1
10

19

2
29
11

39
19
15
1

i
!
1

109
31
78
35
22
1

8
48
25

9

j

!

23
20

63

—

44

|

151
104
595
198
397
47
57
215

484
120
364
32
66
205

4 0 .0
40. 0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
40. 0
40. 0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
40. 0
3 9 .5
40. 0
40. 0
39. 0

4 6 . 00
4 5 . 50
4 7 . 50
5 1 .0 0
4 6 .0 0
5 0 .5 0
4 8 .0 0

2
2
_

i

12
5

_

27
_

_
_

27
_
_

4 5 . 50

-

11

3 9 . 50
4 1 . 00

47
.

165

39.
44.
38.
38.

47

00
00
00
00

_

14
29

_

18
86

92
36
56

12

4

32

13

4
11

15

31

17
1

_
_
_
_
-

!
!

23
21

i

4

16
_

43 !
5
38
21

7

45
25
20

3

3

2

52
1

3
6

3
3

16
29

11

1 51

'

29
122
30
35

I

123
17
106
37
20
1

14

!

133
36
i
97 !
53 i
25 j
12 j

22

!

18

27
20

!
!

43
4

79
12

39
1

67
10
7

12
61
8
11

27

36

99
23
76
18
12
31

23

4
25

I

19

14 _
_

- - - 1 3- ~-

94
20

74
2
16
46

19
17

11 i
7

26
2
11
10

:
!

100

2

76
41
20
14

97

73

8
15
1
6
5

60
32

69
25

28
1

44
7

8
18

26

20
5
15
1
_

11
2

22
15

9

7

_

7

8

-

1
1
i

24

i

8

7

3

3
5

3

i
|

4

10

i

i

!

69
15

i

54
38
6

|

4

1
1

|

2

8 j

30

40
30
10

3

_

9
4

2

3

3

8

19
11

-

-

-

-

-

3
1

2

1

_

_

.

_

2

-

-

-

-

-

_

_
_
_
_
_

_

_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_

-

j

4
l
3
-

:

53
36

i

36

;
'

4

2

;
!
!

49
21
28

;

12
5
8

i

j
!

3

;

!- Z 15
3
5
2

i

16
6
10
7
1
1

i

27
I-5
22
2
6

-

17

rr~
6

i
5

-

_

_
_

_
_
_

-

2
_

_

_
_
_
_

|
|
|
i
!

2
-

1

10
6

!
|

4

l

10
2
8
1

1

3

4

7
3
4
1
3

-

3

-

n

_
_

|!
i

_
_

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_
_
_
_

_
_

-

-

-

_
_

.
_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

5

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

1
_

1
_

_

_

_

1
1
_

_
_
_

_

1

_
_
_

_
_
_

-

-

-

_

-

-

1
_

_

_

-

1

_

_

_

_
_

8
7

_
_

_
_
_

_

_

_

i

_

-

_

_
_
_

-

_
_

_
_
_

-

9
-

2
1
1
_

i1

-

_

_

2
2
-

4

!

"

_
_

9
52
12
38

9

[

_
_

-

10
1

61

"
_
_

-

7
5

24
6
18

_

"

-

■

1

_

5

23
3
4
8

_

.

_
_

|
34

-

-

i

-

“

5

- -—

_

5
_

-

_

_
_

-

5

—

_

- - - -4 -~1

^

!

|

—
!
1

-

!
;

-

17

:

3
3
_

;

_

_

,

-

_

-

-

_

6
3
3
_

14

;

-

57
33
24
5

3

_

1

1 2

91
28
4
63
33
23
4

!
!
I

- -

40 I
- 14~1
- 26 !
6 !

1
I-------_
_

17

|

11

_

14
_

11
|

_

r ~

_
_
_

i

-

1

1

-

|

|

!

41
T5

1

_

14
_

_
_
_

-

2

39

15
5

104

5— FT —
P

Z

i

1

4
10

_
_

3
3
_
_
_

2
2
_
_
_
_

34
------- J 2
22

-

3
-

20

r ~
1

61
30
31
13
_

27

'
!
'

—

28

17
_
17

1

—

51
zr~
27
6
18

49
ZJ

5
2

17
_

12

!

!
44
1 21

96
'" 2 2
74

j

i

See footnote at end of table.
*
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.




122
24
98
5
31

38
4
34
6
1

48

3
1
2
_

23

17
13

19
32

13

5
5

_

35

91
10
30

13

_
-

1

. 5. 2 . 5 0

14

2

-

5 5 . 00

32
25

59

132
41

124

39
224
_

I

36
13

214
43
1 71

20
15

258
46
212
10
33
35

9
27

20

395
z r
372
15

—

42
45

7

263

27

56

317
67
250

12

111
5
25

1

134
44
90

26

192 j
r r
129 1
27 ;

223
31
192
24
66

r ~

_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_

_
_
_

_
_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_
.
_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

3
_

_
_

_

_
_
_

_

_

_

_

_
_
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_
_

_
_

_

_

43

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by industry division, November 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

A v er ag e

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Women

-

Number
of
workers

$
$
$
s
S
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
Under
35. 00 37. 50 40. 00 4 2 .5 0 45. 00 47. 50 50. 00 52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 60. 00 62.50 65. 00 67.50 70. 00 72.50 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00
$
and
35. 00
37. 50 40. 00 42. 50 45. 00 47. 50 50. 00 52.50 55. 00 57.50 60. 00 62.50 65. 00 67. 50 70. 00 72. 50 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 over
$

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

$

$

$

$

$

Continued
$

_
_

_
_

_
_
_

_
_
_

1
162
29 ! 57
105
106
21 ! 24
23
i 21
26
26

162
70
92
6
27
31

170
68
102
26
24
35

252
142
no
22
29
37

161
66
95
19
30
26

123
61
62
13
15
22

124
63
61
12
4
24

80
59
21
2
7
3

44
26
18
2
1
8

193
74
119
54
29
4
19

81
30
51
17
20
_
14

46
20
26
8
11
_
7

49
24
25
7
17
1

53
37
16
10
6
_

12
5
7
5
2
_

-

_
3 1
i----------1
-

-

-

-

5
1
4
1
3

9
3
6
_
5
1

55
19
36
10
7
5
12

116
29
87
15
18
17
29

168
38
130
27
24
17
54

252
99
153
21
19
33
70

403
120
283
33
40
54
69

400
194
206
12
37
69
46

192
86
106
22
31
28
20

184
95
89
29
22
14
22

165
71
94
10
22
23
39

_

_

_

_

8

4

35

5

6

3

7 i 17

1
_
1
_
1
-

8
_
8
_
4
-

11
!
! li
_
9
-

37
1
36
6
20
2

53
2
51
4
11
9

51
13
38
2
7
8

34
11
23
_
15
7

31
8
23
7
6
6

59
3
56
5
3
11

28
29
9 1 io
20 1 18
1
9
3
6
5
-

! 49 .0 0
; 5o.oo
i 4 8 .50
4 8 .50

_
_
-

2

11
i 1
! io
1 -

79
20
1 59
: 26

: 30
10
20
14

131
77
54
19

89
22
67
16

83
38
45
15

42
23
19
-

27
33
15
7
26 i 12
9 ! 10

39 .5
40. 0
39.5
39. 0

; 54.50
! 60.50
! 51.50
150.00
1
1

i

-

i
i

10
_
10
4

,
i

8

1

8

ll
1
10
10

8
8
6

14
6
8
3

12
2
10
5

24
19
16 | 15
3 !
9
7
2
_
1
1
!
11 i 8
6 ! 5
5
3
| 3
2
| 18
15
| 11
9
!
7 j 6
1
3 | 3

684
171
513
244
136

39.5
39. 0
39.5
39.5
39.0

49 .5 0
4 9 .5 0
50.00
51. 00
50.50

2
_
2
_
2

I 19
9
10
1
9

56
13
43
18
17

j 108
13
95
31
16

93
29
64
24
15

92
28
! 64
! 33
7

107
28
79
36
21

88
25
63
49
10

54
16
38
28
8

16
4
12
6
6

20
4
16
3
13

Tvnists. class A ..........................................
Manufacturing ..........................................
Nonmanufacturing ...................................
Public utilities * ..............................
Finance ** ..........................................

501
212
289
76
93

4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0
4 0 .0
39.5

51. 50
53. 00
50.00
56.00
4 7 .50

3
3
_
3

3
_
3
_
3

18
1
17
_
9

58
8
50
3
15

80
20
60
6
25

52
27
25
5
8

69
44
25
2
5

64
22
42
18
13

63
44
19
8
6

53
25
28
17
6

14
9
5
5
-

Tvpists, class B .......................................
M anufacturing..........................................
Nonmanufacturing...................................
Public utilities * ................... ..
Wholesale tr a d e .................................
Retail trade .......................................
Finance ** ..........................................

2.301
793
1,508
77
398
143
643

39.5
40 .0
39.5
40 .0
3 9.5
40. 0
39. 0

45.50
4 8 .50
43. 50
47. 50
47. 00
42 .5 0
4 2 .0 0

162
46
116
_
6
13
97

250
45
205

490
113
377

3 96
103
2 93
3
87

272
94
178
9
57
7
78

170
60

192
97
95
24
26
16
29

90
51
39
5
29

100

25
5

128
117

20

11

_
18
-

_
8
_

2

3

S e c re ta r ie s .....................................................
Manufacturing.....................................
Nonmanufacturing ....................................................
Wholesale trade .................................
Retail tra d e.........................................
Finance **
.....................................

1,740
800
940
179
192
275

39.5
4 0 .0
39.5
40. 0
40. 0
39. 0

63.00
65.50
61.00
62. 00
58. 50
61. 50

Stenographers, general ............................
Manufacturing .......................................
Nonmanufacturing...................................
Public utilities * .............................
Wholesale tr a d e ................................
Retail trade .......................................
Finance * * ............................................

2.397
956
1,441
286
305
269
404

3 9.5
40. 0
39. 5
40. 0
39.5
4 0 ,5
39. 0

52. 50
54. 00
51.50
55. 00
54. 00
4 9 .5 0
50.00

Stenographers, technical..........................

88

39.5

55. 00

Switchboard operators ..............................
Manufacturing ..........................................
Nonmanufacturing...................................
Public utilities * ..............................
Retail tr a d e .........................................
Finance ** ..........................................

401
93
308
52
86
51

40. 5
40 .0
40. 5
40. 0
4 0 .0
39. 0

51.00
! 56.00
i 49. 00
! 56.50
|45 .5 0
j 50.50

Switchboard operator-receptionists . . .
Manufacturing.......... ...............................
Nonmanufacturing...................................
Wholesale tr a d e .................................

557
230
327
116

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0

Tabulating-machine operators ..............
Manufacturing ..........................................
Nonmanufacturing...................................
Finance ** ..........................................

152
52
100
65

Transcribing-machine operators,
general ............................................................
Manufacturing ..........................................
Nonmanufacturing ....................................
Wholesale tr a d e .................................
Finance ** ..........................................

-

_
-

-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
"
_
26
_
26
_
14
11

;
2
6
:
i - 6
!
6
j
i

:

1

6
23
| 28
133

12

75
19
143

8

18

109

43
4
39
_
2
8

l
!
'

37
8
29
7
5
1

110
12

40
26
32

2

3

j
'

16
15
3 i 9
12 1 7
9 , 3

62
38
6
29
_
3

1______
_
1 Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




3
1 !
2
1
_
1

4
1
3
5
_

j

-

8
2
6
5
_
1

_
_
-

5
5
2

2
2
-

3

34
20
14
6
2

33
26
7
2
_
2

-

7
10
1
9
1
6
5 1 1
_
_
1
-

1
1
_
_
-

1
1
_
_
_
-

_
!

50
16
34
4
_
11

_

_

_

_

1
1
_
_

_
_ ;

_
_

-

119
8T"
36
13
3
8

!

6
1
5
2
j

i
j

_
_
-

:

_

j
;
j

_
_
_
-

-

-

_
-

-

-

3
3

_
-

l
l
-

_

-

_
-

-

_
-

10 |
4
6
4

-

5
4
1
-

_
-

_
_
-

_
-

_
_
-

_
-

_
-

6
1
5
5
-

10
1
9
1
8

6
_
6
2
4

5
_
5
5
-

2
_
2
2
-

_
_

_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

-

_
_
_
-

-

-

-

18
11
7
7
-

2
_
2
2
-

3
1
2
2
-

1
1
1
-

.
_

_
_

_
_
_

_
_
_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

_
_
_

.
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_

■_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

i----------

_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_
_
_

44

Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by industry division, November 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

A verage

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Number
of
workers

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

$
$
$
$
$
$
i
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
45. 00 47. 50 50. 00 52. 50 55.00 57. 50 60.00 62.50 65. 00 67.50 70.00 7 2 .50 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90.00 95. 00 100. 00 105. 00 110.00 115. 00
and
45. 00
47. 50 50. 00 52. 50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62. 50 65.00 67. 50 70. 00 72.50 75. 00 8 0 .0 0 85. 00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105. 00 n a oo 115. 00 over

Under

$

$

$

$

$

$

Men
Draftsmen, s e n io r ..................... .................................
Manufacturing ............................................................
Nonmanufacturing................................

473
365
108

40. 0
40. 0
4 0 .0

$
8 3 .00
'"&T700"
74. 50

Draftsmen, iunior ....................................
Manufacturing .........................................................

273
232

4 0 .0
40. 0

67.50
69. 50

-

Tracers .....................................................................................
Manufacturing ..........................................................

128
107

40. 0
4 0 .0

59. 50
58. 00

9
9

7
-

3

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

7

2

—

9
z~1
7

-

“

-

3
-

-

2
2

3

-

1

12
9

44
40

3
3

3
3

19
19

11
11

10
10

15
15

15
10
5

3
3

-

-

”

~

22
------ 5
17

24
13
11

13
7
6

13
12
1

73
65
18

106
87
19

102
96
6

49
46
3

38
28

27
25

41
41

13
12

23
22

19
18

16
15

16
16

3
”

3
“

2
“

12
— in

8
8

~

3

23
16

10

19
16
3

3

-

7
------5“

-

13
13

-

■

3
3

“

-

-

.

'

'

‘

'

1----~---j

_

_

_

-

-

-

|
Women
Nurses, industrial (registered)............
One-nurse u n it................................
Multiple-nurse u n it.......................
Manufacturing .......................................

138
57
>81
114

40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0

69. 50
70.50
' 69. 00
70. 00
1

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

2
1
1
1

1
_

1

7
6
1
6

8
3
5
5

15
10
5
13

29
3
26
24

11
8
3
8

26
6
20
26

|

5
3
2
2

1
i
1

20
3
17
18

6
6

8 !
8

_

_

-

-

-

_

3

8
!
j

1

1 Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.




Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn , November 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

45

Table A-3*.

Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

(Average hourly earnings 1 for men in selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by industry division, November 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ............................
M a n u fa c tu r in g .................................................... . .
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ............................ ...

302
163
139
67

$
2 .2 9
2 . 16
2 .4 3
2 . 53

E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in te n a n c e ................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g .................................................

526
404
122

2 .3 3
2 .3 5
2 .2 7

E n g in e e r s . s t a t i o n a r y .................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ...................................

483
237
246

F i r e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r .....................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ..............................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ....................................

$
$
$
$
U nder 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1. 50 1. 55
$
1 .4 0
1 .4 5 L 5 0 . 1. 55 1 .6 0

$
1. 60
-

$
S
$
1. 65 1. 70 1. 75
-

-

-

o

Average
hourly
earnings

C
O

O c c u p a t io n and in d u s tr y d i v i s i o n

Number
of
Workers

-

-

I . 80

It 85

1 .9 0

1 ,9 5

2. 00

2 .0 5

2. 10

2. 15

2. 20

4
3
1

4
3
1

6
6

6
5
1

19
5
14
9

64
59
5

17
9
8

15
5
10
3

11
11

6
5
1

_

_

_

_

11
11
-

15
9
6

6
6
-

41
39
2

78
27
51

26
25
1

19
17
2

20
20
-

5
3
2

18
8
10

63
35
28

120
17
103

72
44
28

29
22
7

38
12
26

5
3
2

L 70 -1. 75

2
-

-

-

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

_

-

2

-

-

-

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

2 . 08
2 . 10
2 . 07

-

_

_

_

3
3

-

-

-

*

442
240
202

1 .8 2
1. 85
1 .7 9

15
5
10

21
3
18

28
14
14

3
3

.H e l p e r s , t r a d e s , m a i n t e n a n c e ................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................

630
495

1 .7 9
1 .7 9

7
6

_

-

28
28

M a c h i n e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m . . .
M a n u fa c tu r in g .............................................

280
242

2 .0 9
2 .0 8

_

.

-

-

-

-

M a c h in is t s , m a i n t e n a n c e ............................
M a n u fa c tu r i n g .................. ..........................

558
542

2 .2 5
2. 24

_

_

_

-

-

793
76
717
602

1.92
2 . 06
1. 91
1 .8 6

_
_
-

M e c h a n i c s , m a i n t e n a n c e .............
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ....................................

53 0
333
197

2 .0 5
2 .0 5
2 . 04

-

-

M illw r ig h t s
........................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................

337
333

2 .2 5
2 .2 5

-

O il e r s ................................. ..................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................

238
236

1 .7 9
1 .7 9

8
8

P a in t e r s , m a in te n a n c e ...............................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
.................................

259
99
160

2 .3 4
2 .2 3
2 .4 0

.

.

.

.

.

1

1

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

P i p e f i t t e r s , m a in te n a n c e
M a n u fa c tu r in g

174
153

2 . 51
2 . 52

672
657

2 .3 7
2 .3 7

T^nKl i p

sic

...

...........................

T o o l - a n d - d i e m a k e r s ....................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................

2 .3 0

2 . 40

2
2
2

10
3
7
2

75
75
-

19
18
1

11
3
8

14
11
3

6
5
1

_

_

28

"

2. 25

2. 50

2. 60

2. 70

2. 30

1
1

57
41
16
3

8
7
1
1

_

_

69
46

1
1

_

25
19
6

24
3
21

10
7
3

20
9
11

124
115
9

1
1
"

15
14
1

12
5
7

20
16
4

_

_

_

-

-

-

14
5
9

8
8
-

15
15

4
4
-

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
-

2

21
21

120

149

120

148

65
58

2

-

_

_

-

-

-

1

-

25
15
10

2

-

7
4
3

2

20
18
2

-

28
25
3

23
19
4

7
3
4

21
18
3

66
9
57

24
3
21

50
36
14

31
26
5

11
10
1

29
19
10

21
17
4

11
11

18
18

59
49

27
26

103
"5 3 “

61
49

75
16

64
64

4
3

168
167

3
3

-

.

.

.

-

-

-

-

-

18
18

7
7

18
18

36
36

40
28

51

36
36

-

39
13

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

6
6

-

-

17
17

1
-

37
36

48
47

14
14

22
22

69
69

_

_

-

_

_

_

16

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

30
12
18

55

-

8
8

-

-

-

1

7

7

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

7

7

-

-

-

-

1
1

_

1
1

7
7

.

.

-

_

_
51

1
1

28

16
10

103
1
102
100

10
2
8
6

54
2
52
39

53
18
35
28

108
11
97
91

20
1
19
14

47
12
35
35

2

35
7
28

18
16
2

13
6
7

51
46
5

38
12
26

24
19
5

62
46
16

92
85
7

27
18
9

4
4
"

78
55
23

9
7
2

-

-

-

2
2

3
3

11
10

9
9

15
15

36
36

45
45

45
45

12
10

25
25

6

2
2

4
4

70
70

105
105

1
-

6
6

5
5

5
5

3
3

1
-

5
5

10
7
3

3
2
1

34
26
8

14
3
11

10
8
2

-

2
2

4
4

13
8

1
1

27
27

7
7

1
1

15
15

8

10
10

_

.
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
2

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

6

_
-

_

69

4

2. 90 o v e r

1

_

_

_

4

-

-

-

-

-

-

12
12

-

-

-

-

.

3

5

-

3

-

1
1

1
1

-

1

286
6
280
27 9

.

1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




-

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .9 5 2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
and

1

1 .6 5

-

M e c h a n ic s , a u t o m o t iv e
( m a in t e n a n c e ) ...................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ............................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g . . . ............................

$
$
1. 85 1 .9 0

_

_

-

-

14
14

16
9
7

1
1
-

_
75

2 H|

-

1
1

_
_

_

_

55

-

-

-

-

-

-

12

50
12
38

_

_

_

_

_

12

"

-

-

-

-

18
18

1
1

108
108

-

-

-

-

.

_

!

_

1

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

5
4
1

31
1
30

124
38
86

_

_

_

_

4

4

1

-

-

1
1

19
19

7
4

19
11

_

_

.

-

-

-

79
74

-

43
43

18
18

167
167

148
133

114
114

66
66

4
-

4

1

.

-

_

_

Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., November 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

46
Table A-4!

Custodial and Material Movement Occupations

^Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, M inn., by industry division,November 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Nm
u ber
o
f
W rk
o ers

A
verage Unde 3 $.9 0
hu
o rly
ea in s $
rn g
0.90
.95

$.9 5
1.00

! . 00
-

$
1.05
-

$
$
1
$
1.10 1. 15 1.20
-

$
1.25
-

$
1.30
-

s
$
$
$
1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50
-

1
1.65 $
1.70
1.55 $ . 60 $
-

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.30

1.35

1.40

1.45

1.50

1.55

1.60

4
4

-

6
6

-

1
1

1
1

-

10
9
1

18
14
4

88
61
27

159
20
139
12
_
65
44

90
45
45
1
12
22
6

141
7V
64
3
4
30
11

325
23
282
10
7
106
146

233
146
87
38
25
10
14

34
38
38
- "~TF^ "TO
38
18
8

32
28
4

17
16
1

129
126
3

Guards .............................................................
Manufacturing .........................................
Nonmanufacturing ................................

644
542
102

$
1.72
1.74
1.61

-

“

-

-

Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(m en ).............................................................
Manufacturing.........................................
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Public utilities * .....................
Wholesale trade ..............................
Retail trade .......................................
Finance * * . . . . ....................... ..

2, 875
1,242
1,633
215
123
638
362

1. 34
1.49
1.23
1.45
1.32
1. 18
1.28

44
44
23
-

89
4
85
7
19
-

138
138
76
49

98
10
88
10
3
13
"

208
7
201
14
111
17 .

75
75
4
8
48
-

101
9
92
3
7
48
34

Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(women) ......................................................
Manufacturing........................... .............
Nonmanufacturing ................................

1,083
288
795

1. 18
1. 36
1. 11

69
69

17
9
8

97
97

35
1
34

26
9
17

68
22
46

454
9
445

Laborers, material handling ................
Manufacturing.........................................
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Public utilities * ..............................
Wholesale trade ..............................
Retail trade .......................................

4, 889
2, 445
i 2, 444
1
1,013
832
!
| 584
i

1.64
1.62
1.66
1.76
1.69
1.48

13
13
13

7
7
5

2
2
2

47
9
38
_
38

17
17
17

65
65
16
49

19
19
19

20
20
8
12

101
74
27
2
7
18

61
T8“
23
7
16

83
22
61
3
14
40

118
40
78
70
8

223
204
19
8
11

Ordt fillers ......................................... ..
Manufacturing.................. ................. .. .
Nonmanufacturing ....................... ..
Wholesale trade ................ .............
Retail trade .......................................

2, 391
50"6
1,885
1, 114
580

1.59
1.57
1.59
1.70
1.33

-

45
45

64
64

57
18
39

51
9
42

110
14
96

8
8

46
24
22

8
8

-

-

-

_

25
25
7
18

-

.

10

4

36
13
23
7
16

54
36
18
11
7

Packers, shipping (m e n ).........................

1, 197
568
629
538
91

1.63
1.61
1.64
1.68
1.37

3

M a n u fa c tu rin g
...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ........................... ..
R e t a i l t r a d e ...................................................

P a c k e r s , s h ip p in g ( w o m e n )
........................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................

491
323
168

1.28
1.30
1.23

R e c e iv in g c le r k s
...................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ............ .. ........................
R e t a i l t r a d e ...................................................

482
283
199
80

1.75
1.79
1.69
1.59

-

-

45

64

34

42

96

8

1
-

28
9
19

15
4
11

-

-

-

-

9
9

4

3

31
26
5

20

-

4

24
18
6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

"

-

1
-

24
-

-

-

1

"

19

11

4

3

5

4

6

26
23
3
2
1

8
4
4

2
-

14
12

2

14
8
6

43
12
31

70
55
15

89
69
20

81
62
19

84
55
29

28
25
3

8

5

8
8
8

1
j

T r a n s p o r t a t i o n (ex c lu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) ,
F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .




4

l6

1

24

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3
3

8
8

5
5

2

3
—

$ .9 5
-

-

1 .75

1.8 0

1.85

1.90

1.95

2.0 0

2.0 5

47
67
28 “ F T
15
19

106
104
2

19
18
1

46
46
-

124
124
“

"

12
12
-

-

6
6

88
67
82
33
wr~ ~ ~ W “ F T ~ W
6
18
18
3
6
16
9
6
3
3
2
"
"

-

_
_

-

_
-

_
-

-

_
_
-

1.65

10
79
- —J T
10
5

335
352
217
199 "TST" ~ r r r
44
153
51
28
26
49
10
13
7
61
1
5
33

1.7 0

c o m m u n ic a tio n ,

a n d o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .

1 .0 5
-

10
and

2. 10 over

7
5
2

3
3

“

*

“

■

-

■

■

-

“

“

485
425
60
50
7

550
527
23
_
14
9

252
194
58
55
3

543
201
342
137
205

850
307
543
200
262
81

269
129
140
87
46
7

869
1
868
643
216
3

9
9
~

81
81
-

21
1
i
“
! 21
,
_
_
21

162
162
.
-

22
22
-

_
_
-

41
24
17
3
14

56
43
13
10
3

62
26
36
21
15

187
102
85
72
13

310
80
230
212
-

838
69
769
631
127

202
8
194
88
41

82
7
75
32
9

11

-

-

-

33
33

51
7
2

11
11

11
2
9

51
34
17
14
3

107
104
3

47
35
12
7
5

98
14
84
77
7

156
41
110
110
“

313
16
297
280
17

133
92
41
41

101
94
7
3
4

1

2

14
14

.

4

6

-

-

-

-

4

6

24
4
20
16

23
13
10

56
48
8
1

-

19
IT "
2

2

1

2

-

6
4
2

-

2

18
18

2

-

7
7

“
85
42
43
14

78
48
30
6

51

11

3

-

-

3

-

“

-

3

-

1

-

28
28

-

-

-

-

1
1

-

-

1
1

-

-

~

-

-

“

_

_

„

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

“

“

“

11
9
2
1

-

41
41

-

15
15

-

-

-

-

-

-

"

O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S u r v e y ,

S e e fo o tn o te s a t end o f ta b le .
*
**

-

$
$
$
1.75 1.80 1.85 $ .9 0
“
-

o
o

Occupation and industry division

“
70
27
43
14

31
14
17
-

-

_

M in n e a p o lis -S t. P a u l, M in n . , N o v e m b e r 1 95 3
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s

47

Table A-4: C ustodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, M inn., by industry division,November 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

S h i p p i n g c l e r k s ................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ................................................

413
235
178

Average
hourly
earnings

$
1 .7 9
1 .8 1
1 .7 7

251
176

1 , 151

1 .8 3
1 .8 7
1 .8 2

$

$
1 .2 0

$

1 .2 5

$
1. 30

$

1 .1 0

$
1 . 15

$

1 .0 5

1 .3 5

1 .4 0

1 .4 5

1 .0 0

1 .0 5

1 . 10

1 .1 5

1 .2 0

1 .2 5

1 .3 0

1 .3 5

1 .4 0

1 .4 5

1 .5 0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

T ru c k d r iv e r s,

lig h t

T r u c k d r i v e r s , m e d i u m ( 1 V2 t o a n d
i n c l u d i n g 4 t o n s ) .......................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g

..............................................

P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ...........................................
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ..............................................

277

1 .8 1
1 .8 2

$

$
1. 50

1 .5 5

1 .6 0

1 .6 5

1 .7 0

1 .5 5

1 .6 0

1. 65

1 .7 0

1 .7 5

-

'

'

'

'

'

‘

'

“

"

“
“

‘

Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
other than trailer type) .............................
Nonmanufacturing . . . . . ........................

439
415

QQ
7O

232

191

1 .8 4
1 .8 3

1 .7 5

$ . 80
1

1 .8 0

1 .8 5

“

1

2
-

1
-

2

1

1 .8 5

$

1 .9 0

1 .9 5

9

1

1 .9 5

2 . 00

25

$

2 . 00

$
2 . 05

$
2 . 10

2 . 05

2 . 10

over

-

15
15

1
1

15
13
2

107
58

794
101
693

-

-

-

137
20
117
4

6
4
2
2

92
63

-

31
26
5

“

1

2

-

.

-

-

-

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3
17
17

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

17

-

-

“

3

-

-

29
11

53

-

-

42
27

804

-

-

75
71

68

-

“

10
8

12

-

~

22
22

-

-

-

“

49
2
46

479
147

-

-

2

3

-

-

7

333
327

85
85

92

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

■

“

~

71

-

-

-

-

-

-

37
37

29
29

6
5
1
1

-

-

"

'

'

-

1

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

(,

77

110

7l

-

5

81

‘

-

1

'

“

“

------ T

2

-

20
20

”

18

-

*

6

8
8

19

-

“

12
2
10

1

-

"

70
40
30

20

26

-

-

93
26
67

“

_

"

46
31
15

13

-

-

62
45
17

36

-

-

50
26
24

32

6

-

1 .9 0

22
16
6

96

19
19

1

i • Oj

1 .8 4
1 .8 1

$

‘

6
”

2
2

-

“

3

10
6
4

'

Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
trailer t y p e ) ....................................................
Nonmanufacturing ................... ..................

$

and

1 .8 0

1 .2 4 6
331
915
534

$

1 .0 0

$

1 .7 1
1 .7 2

(u n d e r I V 2 t o n s ) . . .

$

0 .9 5

$
U n der 0 .9 0

'

S h ip p in g -a n d -r e c e iv in g c le r k s
......................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................................

$

.9 5

O c c u p a tio n an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number
of
Workers

6

5
5

21

-

2

'

Truckers, power (forklift) .......................
Manufacturing.............................................
Nonmanufacturing......................... ..

547
353
194

1 .7 9

Truckers, power (other than forklift} . . .
M anufacturing............................................

246
231

1 .6 3
1 .6 3

1 .7 5
1 .7 3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

6
6

14

-

-

7

47

18

nr ~W *

14 — r

57

47

5

2

20
17

27
27

2

23

27
27

9

3
3

47

36
31
5

5
5

121
121

37

13

30
7

147
3
144

12

34
22

W~

24

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ......................................
Public utilities * .................................

368
154
214
72

1 .4 8
1 .6 1

7

2

3

-

-

1 .3 9
1 .5 5

7

2

3

11

13

-

13

-

10

17

3

9

-

-

1

3

11

10

6
11

2

6

17

4

46
8
38

10
7

32
18
14

1

i
...........
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p?.y f o r o v e r t im e and n ig h tw o rk .
D ata lim it e d to m e n w o r k e r s , e x c e p t w h e r e o t h e r w is e in d ica te d .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .




3
3

4

'

1

11

54

12
35

20

1

_____

24

7

17
5
5

2

33

22

16
14

38
!

47

16

i
1
2
*

■
y

-

1

‘

Watchmen...........................................................
M anufacturing................................ ..

69
69

18
6

4

-

3

1

1

!

13

-

|
t

'

-

-

-

13

14
14

1

'

-

-




B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l: Shift Differential Pr ovisions 1
Percent of manufacturing plant workers -

S h ift d iff e r e n t ia l

T o t a l ................................................................................

------------------------------------(a)------------------------------------In e s t a b lis h m e n t s h avin g
f o r m a l p r o v i s io n s f o r T h ir d o r
S econd
o th e r
s h ift
s h ift
w ork
w ork

8 9 .4

7 7 .2

(b)
A c t u a lly w o r k in g on S econ d
sh ift

1 6 .6

T h ir d o r
oth er
s h ift

6 .7

8 6 .9

7 6 .6

1 6 .0

6 .7

U n ifo r m c e n ts (p e r h o u r ) ............................
4 c e n t s ..............................................................
5 c e n t s ..................' . .........................................
6 c e n t s ..............................................................
7 o r 7 l/z c e n t s ................................................
8 c e n t s ..............................................................
9 c e n t s ..............................
10 c e n ts .........................................................
11 c e n t s .........................................................
12 o r I 2 V2 c e n t s ........................................
O v e r I 2 V2 and u n d e r 15 c e n t s .............
15 c e n t s ............................................................
O v e r 15 c e n t s ................................................

6 8 .7
1 .4
9 .5
1 .8
6 .4
6 .8
5 .8
2 8 .4
1 .0
3 .0
4 .6
-

5 8 .4
1 .2
1. 1
4. 1
5 .8
2 0 .9
.6
4 .1
3 .9
7 .8
8 .9

1 1 .9
.4
1 .4
.3
1.0
1 .1
.1
5 .7
. 1
.6
1 .2
-

4 .0
. 1
.4
. 1
2 .3
(a)
.2
.2
.2
.5

U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ........................................
5 p e r c e n t ..........................................................
7 Y2 p e r c e n t .....................................................
10 p e r c e n t .......................................................
I 2 V2 p e r c e n t ..................................................

1 7 .7
1 .8
1 1 .9
4 .0
-

1 7 .7
2. 3
4 .0
1 1 .4

4 .0
.1
3 .1
.8
-

2. 6
(?)
(*)
2. 6
.1

W ith s h ift p a y d iff e r e n t ia l

..............

-

O th er ........................................................................

.5

.5

.1

N o s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ......................................

2 .5

.6

.6

1 Shift differential data are presented in terms of (a) establishment policy, and (b) workers actually employed on late
shifts at the time of the survey.
An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following con
ditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts.
2 Less than 0 .0 5 percent.
Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, M inn., November 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

49
Ta b le

B-2:

S c h e d u le d W e e k l y

H o u rs

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS^MPLOYED I N W e e k ly h o u r s

A l l w o r k e r s .........................................................................
U n d e r 3 7 V Z h o u r s ...........................................................

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
0 .8
1 0 .4

3 7 V2

h ours
.............................................. ...........................
O v e r 3 7 V2 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s
. . . . . . . .
4 0 h o u r s ...................................................................................
O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s ...............................
4 4 h o u r s ...................................................................................
4 5 h o u r s ..................................................................................
4 8 h o u r s ...................................................................................
O v e r 4 8 h o u r s ...................................................................

1
2
3
*
**

1 .1
.3
.4
_

1 0 0 .0
3 .4
7 .7

-

5 .6
1 4 .8
7 7 .4
. 7

1 0 .9
7 6 .1

Wholesale
trade

1 0 0 .0

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

2 .5

All
_
industries

-

9 7 .5
-

Retail trade

2 .9

-

-

-

1 .5
_

-

-

-

Finance**

Services

AH
,
industries

Manufacturing

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

7 .4
1 .8

0 .7
2 4 .3
2 0 .5
5 4 .5

0 .4
4 .8

0 .7
6 .3

-

8 6 .0

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

8 7 .9
1 .8
1 .1
-

-

-

7 6 .8
4 .5
2. 1
5 .8
3 .4
2 .2

-

-

-

-

-

7 8 .8

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

-

8 9 .0
3 .8

2 .9
_

-

-

8 9 .3
4 .8
-

9 .4
3 .5
1 .3

-

3 .0
-

-

7 .2

Retail trade

Services

1 0 0 .0

_
6 7 .2
1 7 .9
6 .9
_
4 .9
3 .1

Data rela te to w om en w o r k e r s .
Includes data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sepa ra tely.
Includes data fo r re a l estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately.
T ra n sp ortation (exclu din g ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and re a l estate.

Table B-3:

Paid Holidays1

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Number of paid holidays

A ll w o r k e r s .......................................................
Workers in establishments providing
paid holidays...................................................
3 days ............................................................
4 days ............................................................
5 days ............................................................
6 days ............................................................
7 d a y s ............................................................
8 days ............................................................
9 days ............................................................
10 days ..........................................................
11 days ..........................................................
12 days ..........................................................
Workers in establishments providing no
paid holidays...................................................

All
industries

2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Finance**

All
3
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

100.0

1 00.0

100. 0

100.0

1 00.0

100.0

100 .0

1 00.0

100.0

1 00.0

99.9
_
_
.1

99.9
_
_
_

100. 0

100.0

9 9 .6

100.0

9 7 .1

94.9
_

100. 0

9 8 .2
4 .6

7 7 .7
1 2 .9
6 .2
1 .6
.4
.8
.2

8 7 .3
6 .6
5 .0
1 .0

5 6 .3
4 1 .3

9 6 .7
1 .0
1 .4
.3
8 0 .9
8 .0
4 .7
.4

Services

100.0

.1

_
_
_
_
_

_

2 .4

_
_

_
_

.1

-

_

_

_

62. 3
2 8 .5
3. 2

_

_

6 .0

_
-

_
_
_
9 5 .2
4 .4

_
_

_

_
_
6 8 .4
9 .2
1 6 .0
5 .0
.7

_
_
_
8 3 .7
4 .4
8 .2
.8

11.8

_
6 1 .4
2 1 .7

_

_
_
_
7 0 .7
2 9 .3

_

_
_
8 6 .3
7 .3

_

.4

-

.7

_
_
_

_
_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_

3 .3

_
_

1 Estimates include only full-day holidays.
2 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




Services

2 .9

5. 1

-

1 .8

Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., November 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

50
T a b l e B-4:

Paid V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P r o v is io n s )

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Vacation policy

All w ork e rs....................................................

All
industries

Manufacturing

100.0

100.0
98.5
30.7
2 .0
65.8

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance**

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0
9 5.7
23.0
1.9
70.7
. 1
4 .3
4 .3

100.0
100.0
71.5

100.0
100.0
4 2 .4

100.0
100.0
73.3

100.0
100.0
.4
9 9 .6

2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

99 .8
92.7
72. 7
2 .9
16.0
1.1
7. 1
1.3
4 .6
1.2
-

Services

All
industries*

100.0
91 .9
77.9
5 .0
7 .3
1.7
8.1

100.0
78.9
59.9

100.0
100.0
7 7.9

100. 0
100.0
61 .7
38.3
-

After 1 year of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations ...........................................
Length-of-time p ay m en t.....................
1 week ..................................................
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks . . . .
2 weeks .................. ......................................
Other......................................................
Percentage payment4 .........................
Less than 2 percent .......................
2 percent .............................................
Over 2 but less than 3 percent. . .
4 p e rcen t..............................................
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations.......................................

(3 )

1 .5
1 .5
-

-

-

28.5
.
-

-

57 .6

_

2 6 .7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.2

-

19.0

-

22.1

-

-

-

-

6 .0
2. 1
-

21.1
11.3
9 .8
-

-

-

-

-

“

“

-

After 2 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations ...........................................
Length-of-time p ay m en t.....................
1 w e e k ..................................................
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks . . . .
2 weeks ................................................
Other ....................................................
Percentage payment4 ...........................
Less than 2 percent .......................
2 percent .........................................................
Over 2 but less than 3 percent. . .
4 percent .........................................................
Over-type paym ent ..........................................
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations.......................................

100.0
98.5
9 .6
2 .5
8 5.8
.6
1.5

100.0
9 5 .7
7 .9
3 .2
84.5
. 1
4 .3

-

-

1.5
-

4.3
-

-

-

100.0
100.0
12.4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9 9.8
91.6
43.7
7 .0
40.1
.8
7.1
1.3
3 .5
1.2
1.1
1.1

-

.2

_

87.6
-

-

100.0
100.0
16. 6
-

8 3 .4
-

100.0
100.0
22.9
_

77. 1
-

-

100.0
100.0
.
_

100.0
_

100.0
90.0
56.7
11.2
20.9
1.2
8. 1
-

100.0
78 .9
13.0
1 .5
64 .4
21. 1
11.3

100.0
100.0
39 .3
2 .5
5 8 .2
-

100.0
100.0
2 1 .7
1 .4
76 .9
-

9 .8
-

-

-

-

-

■

~

~

6 .0
2.1

-

-

1.9
-

After 3 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations.............................................
Length-of-time p ay m en t.....................
1 week . . ................................................
Over 1 but less than 2 weeks . . . .
2 weeks ................................................
Other ....................................................
Percentage payment4 ...........................
Less than 2 percent .......................
2 percent .............................................
3 percent .............................................
4 percent .............................................
Over 4 but less than 6 percent. . .
Other-type payment . ...........................
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations.......................................

100.0
98.5
3. 1
2 .4
9 1 .8
1.2
1.5
1.5
-

100.0
95.7
3 .5
2 .8
87.5’
1.9
4. 3
4 .3
-

100.0
100.0
2. 8
_
97.2
_
-

100.0
100.0
4 .9
_
95.1
-

See footnotes at end of table.
*
T ransportation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
** F inance, in su ra n ce, and rea l estate.




100.0
100.0
7 .9
_
92.1
_
-

100.0
100.0
_
_
100.0
-

99.8
91 .6
13.0
6.0
70.5
2.1
7.1
1.3
.5
2 .0
2.1
1.2
1.1

100.0
9 0.0
19.3
8 .4
58.8
3 .5
8.1
.8
3. 5
1 .7
2.1
1.9

100.0
78 .9
5. 6
1 .5
7 1 .8
21.1
11.3
9 .8
-

100.0
100.0
8 .4
6 .4
8 5 .2
"
“
■
■
-

100.0
100.0
3 .4
1 .4
9 5 .2
•
“
-

.2

Occupational Wage S urvey, M in n e a p o lis-S t. P au l, M in n ., N ovem ber 1953
U .S . D E P A RTM EN T OF LABOB
Bureau o f L a b or S tatistics

51
T a b l e B -4 :

P a id V a c a tio n s ( F o rm a l P r o v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Vacation policy

M n fa rin
a u ctu g

Pb
u lic
u
tilities*

Wo
h lesale
tra e
d

R il tra e
eta
d

F a ce**
in n

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0
98.5
.8
89.9
1.9
4. 3
1.6
1.5
1.5
-

100.0
95.7
1.9
82.3
.3
10.4
.8
4 .3
4 .3
-

100.0
100.0
100.0
-

100.0
100.0
.8
99.2
_
-

100.0
100.0
.3
97.3
_
2 .4
_
-

100.0
100.0
95.3
4 .7
-

in u
d stries1

All w o rk e r s.....................................................

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

M u ctu g
an fa rin

Pb
u lic
u
tilities*

W olesale
h
tra e
d

R il tra e
eta
d

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

9 9 .8
9 1 .6
1.1
81.7
1 .4
5 .9
1.5
7. 1
1.3
4 .6
1 .2
1.1

S ices
erv

100.0
90.0
1.3
77.0
2 .4
6 .8
2 .5
8.1
6 .0
2.1
1.9

100.0
78.9
78.9
_
_
.
21.1
11.3
9 .8
-

100.0
100.0
3 .0
97 .0
_
_
-

100.0
100.0
.9
9 0 .4
8 .7

A
U ,
in u
d stries£

After 5 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations ............................................
Length-of-time payment ....................
1 week ...................................................
2 weeks .................................................
Over 2 but less than 3 weeks . . .
3 weeks .................................................
Other .....................................................
Percentage payment4 ..........................
Over 3 but less than 4 percen t.. .
4 percent ..............................................
Over 4 but less than 6 p ercen t.. .
Other-type p a y m e n t..............................
Workers in establishments providing
no paid va ca tion s.......................................

-

-

*

■

“

.2

“

“

“

- “

*

After 10 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations..............................................
Length-of-time p a y m e n t..............
1 w eek .....................................................
2 weeks . . . . . ’ .....................................
3 weeks ................................................
Other .....................................................
Percentage payment4 ..........................
Over 3 but less than 4 percent. . .
4 percent ..............................................
Over 4 but less than 6 percen t.. .
6 percent and over ..........................
Other-type p a y m e n t..............................
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacation s.......................................

100.0
9 8.5
.7
67.3
29.1
1 .4
1.5
1.5
■

100.0
95.7
1.9
5 3 .4
40.1
.3
4. 3
4 .3
-

100.0
100.0
57.3
42.7
-

■

100.0
100.0
.
81 .8
18.2
*

100.0
100.0
.3
80.0
19.7
“

100.0
100.0
.
8 0.6
19.4
■

,

99.8
9 1 .6
.9
6 4.0
2 5.2
1.5
7.1
1.3
1 .6
3 .5
.7
1.1
.2

100.0
90.0
1.3
57.8
28.8
2. 1
8.1
.8
6 .0
1.3
1.9
”

100.0
78.9
.
45. 6
3 1.8
1.5
21.1
11.3
9 .8
"

100.0
100.0
8 5 .2
1 4.8
“

100.0
100.0
.9
79.3
19.8
“

After 15 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations..............................................
Length-of-time p a y m e n t.....................
1 week .....................................................
2 weeks .........................................
3 weeks ..............................................
Other.......................................................
Percentage payment4 ..........................
4 percent ............................................
Over 4 but less than 6 percen t.. .
6 percent and over ..........................
Other-type payment ..............................
Workers in establishments providing
no paid vacations .....................................

100.0
98.5
.7
21.9
74.3
1 .6
1.5
1.5
-

100.0
95.7
1.9
24 .4
69.4

100.0
100.0
.
14.1
85.9

100.0
100.0
2 6 .2
7 3 .8

-

-

-

4 .3
4 .3
-

-

-

See footn otes at end o f ta b le.
*
T ra n sp ortation (exclu din g ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
** F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and re a l estate.




100.0
100.0
.3
32.0
67.7
-

100.0
100.0
9.1
90.9
-

9 9 .8
9 1 .6
.9
33.5
56 .8
.4

7.1
1 .6
1 .6
3.9
1.1
.2

100.0
90 .0
1.3
2 5 .4
62 .8
.5
8.1
.8
.4
6.9
1.9

100.0
78.9
7 .2
71.7
21.1
9 .8
11.3
-

100.0
100.0
21 .8
7 8.2
“
-

100.0
100.0
.9
58.5
40.6
•
■

52
T a b l e B-4*.

Paid V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P r o v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
V a c a t io n p o lic y

A l l w o r k e r s .....................................................................

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

All
.
industries1
3
*

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

100. 0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100.0

9 8 .5
.7
.4

9 5 .7

100. 0
100.0

100.0
100.0

100.0
100.0

100.0
100.0

9 9 .8
9 1 .6

Retail trade

Finance**

Services

All
2
industries

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

100.0

100. 0

100.0

100. 0

100.0
90.0

100.0

100.0
100.0

100.0
100.0

Manufacturing

A fte r 20 y e a r s of s e r v ic e

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
p a id v a c a t i o n s
.........................................................
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ..........................
w e e k . ................................................ ..
w e e k s ...............................................................

1
2

3 w e e k s ...............................................................
4 w e e k s a n d o v e r .......................................
O t h e r .....................................................................
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 4 .....................
4 p e r c e n t ................................. ..........................
O v e r 4 b u t l e s s th a n 6 p e r c e n t . . .
.................................
p e r c e n t and o v e r
O th e r -t y p e p a y m e n t
....................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
n o p a id v a c a t i o n s ...................................................

6

21

6 9 .9
5 .2
1 .3
1 .5

1 .9
2 3 .1
7 0 .5

.2
_

-

14. 1
8 5 .9
_

-

2 6 .2
6 7 .8

6.0

.3
3 2 .0
6 7 .1

.6

_

_

9 .0
7 5 .2
1 5 .8
_

-

4 .3
_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

1 .5
-

4 .3
-

-

-

-

-

“

"
'

'

.9
3 1 .9
57. 6
.9
.3
7 .1

'

'

-

-

1.6
1.6
3 .9

1.1

1 .3
2 2 .7
6 4 .9
. 6
.5
. 1
. 8
.4

7 8 .9
_
7 .2
7 1 .7
_

8

21.1

6 .9
1 .9

9 .8
1 1 .3
-

_

21.8

.9
5 8 .5

7 8 .2
_
_

3 8 .9
1 .7
_

.
-

-

_

'

'

.2
“

'

A fte r 25 y e a rs of s e rv ic e

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
p a id v a c a t i o n s
.........................................................
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ...........................
w e e k .....................................................................

1
2w eeks

...............................................................
3 w e e k s ...............................................................
4 w e e k s a n d o v e r .......................................
O t h e r .....................................................................
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 4 .................................
4 p e r c e n t ............................................................
O v e r 4 b u t l e s s th a n 6 p e r c e n t . . .
p e r c e n t a n d o v e r ...............................

6

O t h e r - t y p e p a y m e n t ................................. .
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g

100.0

100.0

9 8 .5
.7

9 5 .7

2 0 .9
5 6 .0
1 9 .6
1 .3
1 .5
-

1 .9
2 2 .9
6 0 .4
1 0 .5

100. 0
100.0

100.0
100.0

_
14. 1
8 5 .9

100.0
100.0

100.0
100.0
-

.3
23. 6
54. r

3 0 .9
3 5 .9
3 2 .9

9 .0
5 5 .9
35. 1

_
_

4. 3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.6

-

-

-

-

1.6
3.9
1.1

-

-

1.5

4. 3

-

-

22. 3

_

_

-

Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisons shown separately.
Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Less than 0. 05 percent.
Percent of annual earnings.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.




.9
3 0 .3
5 3 .4
6 .7
.3
7 .1

_

n o p a id v a c a t i o n s ...............................................

1
&
3
4
*
**

9 9 .8
9 1 .6

.2

100. 0
90.0
1 .3

20.8
6 3 .0
4 .4
.5
. 1

100.0
7 8 .9

7 .2
7 1 .7

-

8
.8

21.1

.4

11.3

6.9
1.9

9 .8

-

100. 0
100.0
-

1 9 .8
7 0 .2

10.0

100.0
100.0
.9
5 6 .5
2 5 .5
1 7 .1

-

-

-

-

-

-

53
T a b le B-5:

H e a lt h , In su ra n c e , and P e n s io n P la n s

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Type of plan

A ll w o rk e r s.....................................................

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance **

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100. 0

8 8 .4

95.9

9 5 .8

8 3 .2

71. 5

38.0
43.6

5 8.7
7 6 .4

2 2.6
19. 1

4 9 .5
48 .3

4 0 .8

38.7

8 4 .6

3 .5
7 3.3
7 0 .2
51.3
1.3
6 8 .2

3 .4
87. 1
84 .5
55.5
1. 1
5 8.6

3 .5
25.9
22.6
15.5
81. 1

5 .7

15.7

_

7 .6

1.5

2. 1

All
.
industries

1

All
industries

2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

9 2 .6

8 6 .8

9 0 .8

9 7 .5

93 .9

68.3

38. 1
5 3.7

12. 1
5 .9

52.9
69-0

55.9
83.7

5 2 .2
3*>. 3

6 6 .0
71 .6

43.3
48.9

24.5

33.8

4 4.9

2 .9
72.3
7 1 .0
5 2.6

13.2
59 .5
5 1 .2
3 5.5

7 0 .0

49.3

_

1.8

11.6

19.3

Services

Services

Workers in establishments providing:
Life in suran ce..........................................
Accidental death and dismember
ment insurance .....................................
Sickness and accident insurance . . . .
Sick leave (full pay and no
waiting p eriod).......................................
Sick leave (partial pay or
waiting period) .....................................
Hospitalization insurance.....................
Surgical insurance...................................
Medical in su ran ce..................................
Catastrophe insurance .........................
Retirement p e n sio n ................................
Health, insurance, or pension
plan not listed above............................
No health, insurance, or
pension plan
.......................................

_

_

_

86. 1
83 .5
6 9 .9
3 .7
9 2 .2

2 .9

2 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




16.3

7 .2

4 9 .5

20. 1

23. 3

12.3
76.9
74 .7
4 7 .8
1.6
4 6 .5

17. 0
8 8 .2
86. 1
5 3.9
2 .7
4 6 .5

15. 1
5 6.5
5 4 .2
47. 1

3 .7
89.7
8 6 .5
6 6 .8

2.9
56.3
54.8
24 .4

8 1 .6

59^3

39.8

10. 7

_

17. 3

2 .6

5 .8

2 .7

-

_

_

2 .4
2 .9

16.0

Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis~St. Paul, Minn. , November 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF I .ABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

54
T a b le B-6:

O v e r t im e P a y P ra c tic e s

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Overtime policy

All w ork ers.......................................................

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance **

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

38.9
3 0 .4

4 5 .4
38. 2

62. 1
42. 1

48. 7
46. 1

48. 2
44. 9

1. 0
28. 8

-

-

-

38. 2

42. 1

46. 1

1. 5
38. 1

.6

-

-

-

5. 3

-

-

-

-

8. 5

7. 2

2 0.0

61. 1

54. 6

9 8 .6
79. 8

100.0
79. 7

2. 8
76.9

79. 7

All
j
industries

A
ll

2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100. 0

14. 6
3 .4

85.2
77. 1

93. 5
83. 3

94. 7
75. 6

95. 2
95. 2

6 0 .9
60. 9

3. 2
. 2

4. 8
6 6.3

6. 3
77.0

-

75. 6

2 .9
92. 3

35. 1

-

6 .0

-

-

-

-

-

2 .6

3. 3

11. 2

8. 1

10. 2

19. 1

-

-

37. 9

51. 3

51. 8

8 5 .4

14. 8

6. 5

5. 3

4. 8

39. 1

9 9 .6
96.9

9 9 .4
87. 8

94. 8
9 2 .6

100.0
6 2.9

98. 7
97. 5

100.0
100.0

9 6 .4
86. 6

100.0
100.0

98. 0
9 8 .0

-

4 .9
86. 9

8. 7
54. 2

4. 8
87. 0

6 .3
93. 7

8 6 .6

2 .9
97. 1

76. 6

Services

industries

Daily overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium pay .................................................
Time and one-half ..................................
Effective after less than 8
hours ....................................................
Effective after 8 hours .....................
Effective after more than 8
hours ....................................................
Double t i m e ...............................................................
Other 1 ..............................................................................
3
2
Workers in establishments providing
no premium pay or having no policy . .

-

25. 8
-

Weekly overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium p ay ............................ .. .................... . .
Time and one-half ....................... ..
Effective after less than 40
hours ....................................................
Effective after 40 h o u rs .......................
Effective after more than 40
hours .............................................................
Double t i m e ..........................................................
Other 3 .......................................................... ..
Workers in establishments providing
no premium pay or having no policy . ,

. 1
-

18. 8
1 .4

-

-

9 6 .9

87. 8

-

-

-

-

.8
-

-

5. 7
-

-

-

2. 7

11. 6

2. 2

37. 1

1 .2

-

9 .8

-

"

.4

.6

5. 2

“

1. 3

2 1 .4

-

20. 3

-

-

2 .0

3. 6
'

1 In c lu d e s d a t a f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d i t i o n to th o s e in d u s t r y d iv is io n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .
2 I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n to th o s e in d u s t r y d iv is io n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .
3 In c lu d e s p r o v i s i o n s f o r a s p e c i fi e d n u m b e r o f o v e r t im e h o u r s at e ith e r ( l ) n o p a y , (2) r e g u la r r a t e , o r (3) a p r e m iu m r a t e ; and p r e m iu m p a y at a n o th e r r a t e t h e r e a f t e r .
* T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .

Table B-7:

Rate of Pay fo r Holiday W ork.

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Pay provision

All workers .................................................. ....

All
|
industries

100. 0

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance**

100.0

1 00.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

100.0

1 00.0

1 00.0

1 00.0

100. 0

89. 2

91. 1

9 4 .9
6 9 .5
17. 3
8. 1

91. 0
2 .9
73. 5
14. 6
-

80. 6
70. 8
5 .4
4 .4

-

-

17. 6

All
2
industries

Services

Retail trade

Services

'

Workers in establishments with pay
provisions for work on paid
holidays 3 .........................................................
Regular rate o n ly .............................................
Time and one-half ..........................................
Double t i m e ..........................................................
Double time and one-half .....................
Triple time ................................................
Equal time o f f ...........................................
Other plan .................. .................................
Workers in establishments with no
formal p o lic y .................... ................ ..............
Workers in establishments with no
paid holidays .....................................................

1
2
3
4
*
**

82. 0
1. 8
38. 5
2 3 .4
16. 6

3 .0
24. 0
3 3 .3
5. 5

3. 1

1. 7
-

2 3 .6

3 .4
6 .0

3 0 .4

1 7 .9

10. 6

50. 2

. 1

. 1

6 9 .5

1. 0
3 6 .4
2 1 .4
6 .4
1. 2

8 9 .4

-

-

■

49. 8

33. 5
6 .9

"

5 7 .0

6 7 .4

-

-

-

-

45. 1
21. 1
24. 2

.6
-

. 7
-

-

4 4 .4
12. 6
-

37. 6
29. 8
-

-

-

42. 6

32. 6

7. 5

6 .0

( 4)

9 .0

“

3 .3

2 .9

5. 1

“

.4

In c lu d e s data f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n to th o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a t e ly .
In c lu d e s d ata f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n to th o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .
I n c lu d e s h o lid a y p a y and r a te f o r w o r k on p a id h o lid a y .
L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .




. 8
55. 3
16.6
1 5 .9

1. 8

O cc u p a tio n a l W a g e S u r v e y , M in n e a p o lis - S t . P a u l, M in n. , N o v e m b e r 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s

55
T a b le B-8:

Characteristics

W a g e Stru c tu re

and L a b o r- M a n a g e m e n t A g r e e m e n t s

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Item
All
!
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Finance**

Services

All
industries

2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Services

WAGE STRUCTURE FOR TIM ERATED WORKERS 3
A ll w o rk e rs.......................................................
Formal rate structure ................................
Single r a t e ...................................................
Range of r a t e s ............................................
Individual rates ..............................................

100

100

63

65

100

100

82
3
79
18

54

100
60

-

-

54
46

60
40

-

38

93
46
47
7

95
44
51
5

10
0

62
62

100

100
83
17
9

7
5

65
35

100

83
17
5

2
61
37

100

8

100
100
43
57

0

10
0

10
0

94
63
31

82
39
43

6

18

METHOD OF WAGE PAYMENT FOR
PLANT WORKERS
All workers . ......................................................................

DATA

NOT

COLLECTED

Time workers ..................... ..............................
Incentive workers ..........................................
Piecework ................................................................ ...
Bonus work .................................................
Commission . ............................................ .

ft

100
88
1
2

100

10
0

99

77
23

1

-

-

-

-

1
2

1
0

16

100

89

65

7

LAB OR-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS 5
Workers in establishments with
agreements covering a majority
of such w o rk e r s......... ............................... ..

11

6

54

7

24

100

85

89

1 I n c lu d e s data f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n to th o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a t e ly .
2 I n c lu d e s data f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n to t h o s e in d u s tr y d i v i s i o n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .
3 E s t im a t e s f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s a r e b a s e d o n to ta l o f f i c e e m p lo y m e n t, w h e r e a s e s t im a t e s f o r p la n t w o r k e r s a r e b a s e d o n t im e - r a t e d e m p lo y e e s o n ly .
4
L e s s than 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .
5 E s t im a t e s r e la t e to a l l w o r k e r s (o ff i c e o r p la n t) e m p lo y e d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t h a v in g a c o n t r a c t in e f f e c t c o v e r in g a m a jo r i t y o f th e w o r k e r s in t h e ir r e s p e c t iv e c a t e g o r y .
T h e e s t im a t e s so
o b t a in e d a r e n ot n e c e s s a r i l y r e p r e s e n t a t iv e o f the e xte n t to w h ich a l l w o r k e r s in the a r e a m a y b e c o v e r e d b y the p r o v i s io n s o f the la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s due to the e x c lu s io n
o f s m a l le r s i z e e s t a b lis h m e n t s .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e .




O c c u p a tio n a l W age S u r v e y , M in n e a p o lis -S t . P a u l, M inn. , N o v e m b e r 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u rea u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s




57

NEW

ORLEANS,

A su bstan tia l p r o p o r tio n of the la b o r f o r c e in the New
O rlea n s a re a is e m p lo y e d in tra n sp orta tion and a s s o c ia te d in d u s
t r ie s .
E sta b lish m en ts en gaged in o v e r s e a s , c o a s ta l and inland
w a te r tra n s p o rta tio n to g e th e r w ith the m an y rela ted p o r t-fa c ility and
d is trib u tiv e in d u s trie s p r o v id e ex te n s iv e em p loym en t, in addition to
the r a ilr o a d s , a irlin e s , and tru ck lin e s w hich fan out fr o m the c ity .
S h ip - and b oatb u ild in g a ls o rank am ong the leading in d u strie s in
e m p lo y m e n t am on g m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s trie s. M uch of the re m a in 
ing m a n u fa ctu rin g e m p loy m en t is in the nondurable goods fie ld s of
f o o d - p r o c e s s in g , a p p a r e l, p a p e r, and te x tile s .
This s tu d y --th e f i r s t f o r the New O rleans a re a s in c e D e
c e m b e r 1951- -p r e s e n t s data b a s e d on in form a tion fr o m 157 e s ta b 
lish m e n ts e m p loy in g abou t 7 4 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s , w hich w e r e s e le c te d
to r e p r e s e n t n e a r ly 600 esta b lish m en ts em p loyin g about 1 2 5 ,0 0 0
w o r k e r s in 6 m a jo r in d u stry grou pin gs within the s co p e o f the
stu dy (se e ta ble fo llo w in g ).
W age S tru ctu re
F iv e plant w o r k e r s w e r e paid on a tim e -r a t e d b a s is in
New O rlea n s f o r e a ch w o r k e r em p loy ed under som e fo r m of w age
in ce n tiv e plan at the tim e o f the B u rea u 's 1953 s u rv e y .
F iv e sixth s of the tim e -r a te d plan t w o r k e r s w e re in estab lish m en ts with
fo r m a l ra te s tru c tu re s and o v e r h alf of these w e re in e s ta b lis h 
m en ts in w h ich the ra te s tru c tu re p ro v id e d f o r a sin gle ra te fo r
ea ch jo b c la s s if ic a t io n .
N e a r ly th re e -fo u rth s o f the tim e -r a t e d
plant w o r k e r s in m a n u fa ctu rin g w e r e in estab lish m en ts with s in g le ra te s y s te m s w h e re a s w o r k e r s w e r e about even ly d istrib u ted betw een
s in g le -r a t e and r a te -r a n g e s y s te m s in p u b lic u tilitie s and re ta il
tra d e .
F o r m a l w a ge s tr u c tu r e s w e r e not as com m o n f o r o ffic e
w orkers.
A bou t tw o -fifth s o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s w e re in e s ta b 
lish m e n ts w ith no fo r m a l w a ge s tr u c tu r e s . In th ese esta b lish m e n ts,
s a la r ie s w e r e b a s e d on the train in g and other p e rs o n a l q u a lific a 
tion s o f the in d ivid u al w o r k e r s . F o r m a l w age s tru ctu re s co v e r in g
o ffic e w o r k e r s in n e a r ly a ll c a s e s p ro v id e d a range o f ra te s fo r
ea ch jo b c a te g o r y .
Only a few o f
s tru c tu re s w h ich m a de
la b o r g r a d e s ; plant jo b s
fo u r e s ta b lish m en ts and

the 157 estab lish m en ts studied had wage
p r o v is io n fo r c la s s ific a tio n o f jo b s into
w e r e c o v e r e d by la b o r -g r a d e s y ste m s in
o f fic e jo b s in s ix .

O ccu p ation al P a y L e v e ls
A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s o f w om en s e c r e t a r ie s and ge n e ra l
s te n o g ra p h e rs in c r e a s e d fr o m $ 5 4 .5 0 and $ 4 5 .5 0 to $ 6 0 . 50 and
$ 4 9 .5 0 r e s p e c t iv e ly , d u rin g the 2 3 -m on th p e rio d fr o m D e c e m b e r
1951, the date o f an e a r lie r B ureau s u rv ey in New O rle a n s, to



NOVEMBER

1953

N o v e m b e r 1953.
A v e r a g e s a la r ie s f o r m o s t o f the o ffic e jo b s
stu died sh ow ed in c r e a s e s o f fr o m $ 4 to $7 p e r w eek during this
p e r io d .
A m on g the plant jo b s stu died, sk ille d m ain ten ance jo b s
sh ow ed the h ig h e st ce n ts -p e r -h o u r in c r e a s e s durin g the sam e p e r io d .
S tra ig h t-tim e a v e ra g e h o u rly ea rn in gs o f a ll o f the sk ille d m a in 
ten a n ce tra d e s w e r e at le a s t 25 cen ts h ig h er than in. D e ce m b e r 1951;
in c r e a s e s fo r oth er plant jo b s w e r e 23 cen ts o r l e s s . In N ovem b er
1953, e le c t r ic ia n s and m a ch in ists a v e ra g e d $2 an h o u r, ca rp e n te rs
$ 1 .7 9 , a u tom otiv e m e ch a n ics $ 1 .7 3 , and p a in ters $ 1 . 6 8 .
A m ong
oth er n u m e r ic a lly im p ortan t plant jo b s , m en ja n ito r s a v e ra g e d 90
c e n ts , la b o r e r s handling m a te ria ls $ 1 .0 6 , and d r iv e r s of m e d iu m s iz e tru ck s $ 1 . 1 7 .
J a n itre s s e s a v e ra g e d 61 cen ts and w om en
sh ippin g p a c k e r s w e r e paid 86 c e n ts , on the a v e r a g e .
M a n u factu rin g p a y le v e ls g e n e r a lly e x c e e d e d th ose in n on 
m a n u fa ctu rin g f o r s im ila r jo b s . A m on g 20 o f fic e jo b s p erm ittin g
c o m p a r is o n , w o r k e r s in 17 had h ig h e r a v e ra g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s in
m a n u fa ctu rin g. A u tom otive m e ch a n ics and shipping c le r k s w e r e the
o n ly plant jo b s with h ig h er a v e ra g e ra tes in nonm an u factu rin g.
C o s t -o f -L iv in g and A nnual Im p ro v e m e n t A dju stm en ts
P r o v is io n s fo r p e r io d ic c o s t-o f-liv in g adju stm en ts in w ages
w e r e r e p o r te d b y tw o fir m s s u rv e y e d in m an ufactu rin g and one in
n on m an u factu rin g. In tw o in s ta n ce s , p ro v is io n s c o v e r e d plant and
o f fic e e m p lo y e e s and in the th ird w e r e lim ite d to plant d epa rtm en ts.
One o f the m an u factu rin g fir m s a ls o r e p o r te d p r o v is io n s f o r annual
im p r o v e m e n t (p rod u ctiv ity ) a dju stm en ts fo r both plant and o ffic e
w orkers.
L a b o r-M a n a g e m e n t A g r e em ents
H alf the plant w o r k e r s as co n tr a s te d with le s s than a tenth
o f the o ffic e e m p lo y e e s in the in d u stry and e s ta b lis h m e n t-s iz e
grou p s c o v e r e d in the study w e r e em p lo y e d in e stab lish m en ts h av
ing la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts co v e r in g a m a jo r ity o f th ese
w o r k c a t e g o r ie s .
The p r o p o r tio n o f plant w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y
la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts was h igh er in m an ufactu rin g than
in n on m an u factu rin g. The h ig h est p r o p o r tio n c o v e r e d (about s e v e n e ig h th s), h o w e v e r , was in the p u b lic u tility grou p .
This in d u stry
grou p a ls o had the h igh est c o v e r a g e am on g o ffic e w o r k e r s .
W ork S chedu les
O ver th r e e -fifth s o f the o ffic e and plant w o rk e rs w e r e
sch e d u le d to w o rk a 4 0 -h o u r w eek in N ov em b er 1953.
The m a jo r 
ity o f the oth er o ffic e w o r k e r s w e r e sch ed u led to w ork le s s than
40 h o u rs , h o w e v e r , and n e a r ly a ll o f the rem ain in g plant w o r k e r s
w e r e sch ed u led to w o r k lo n g e r than 40 h o u rs .
N e a rly a fifth of
the plant w o r k e r s w e re sch ed u led to w o rk 48 h ou rs o r lo n g e r .

58

P a id V acation s

O vertim e P a y
E igh t-ten th s of the plant w o r k e r s and o v e r n in e-ten th s of
the o ffic e w o r k e r s w e r e em p loy ed by esta b lish m en ts having p r o 
v ision s f o r the paym ent of a p re m iu m rate f o r any w o rk in e x c e s s
o f the w o r k e r *s sch ed u led w eek ly h o u r s .
In m o s t c a s e s one and
a half tim es the re g u la r rate was paid f o r w o r k in e x c e s s o f 40
hours a w eek . P r o v is io n fo r p re m iu m pay f o r w o rk in e x c e s s of
daily sch ed u led h ou rs was not as co m m o n as w ee k ly o v e r tim e ;
such p r o v is io n s app lied to n e a r ly th r e e -fifth s o f the plant w o rk e rs
and le s s than a th ird of the o ffic e w o r k e r s .
Shift O perations
O ver a fifth o f the plant w o r k e r s in New O rlean s m anu
fa ctu rin g plants w e r e w ork in g late shifts at the tim e o f the su rv e y .
N early a ll o f th ese w o r k e r s w e r e given a ce n ts -p e r -h o u r addition
to f ir s t - s h if t ra tes as a p re m iu m f o r w ork in g extra s h ifts . This
p re m iu m u su a lly am ounted to 4, 5, o r 6 cen ts p e r hour to the
secon d (even in g) sh ift, and 6 cen ts an hour to the th ird (night) sh ift.
P aid H olidays
V irtu a lly a ll o ffic e w o r k e r s and se v e n -te n th s o f the plant
w o r k e r s w e r e em p loy ed in esta b lish m en ts w h ich gran ted h olid ays
with p ay.
Six paid h olid ays was the m o s t co m m o n p r a c t ic e fo r
both plant and o ffic e e m p lo y e e s; o v e r tw o-fifth s o f the o ffic e w o r k 
e r s , h o w e v e r, w e re r e c e iv in g 7 o r m o r e h o lid a y s .
M any o f the
o ffic e w o r k e r s in the fin a n ce d iv is io n w e r e gran ted 14 paid h o lid a y s .
In co n tra s t, on ly about a seventh of the plant w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d
m o r e than 6 h olid ays and about a tenth w e r e in estab lish m en ts
granting fr o m 1 -5 h o lid a y s .

E m p lo y e rs p ro v id e d p aid v a ca tio n s to n e a r ly a ll of the
o f fic e w o r k e r s and about n in e -te n th s o f the plant w o r k e r s a fte r
qualifyin g p e rio d s of s e r v i c e .
V a ca tio n p r o v is io n s w e r e u su a lly
m o r e lib e r a l fo r o ffic e than f o r plant e m p lo y e e s .
F o r e x a m p le ,
th re e -fo u rth s of the o ffic e w o r k e r s q u a lifie d f o r two w eeks* v a c a 
tion a fter a yea r of s e r v ic e w h e re a s m o s t plant w o r k e r s with
s im ila r s e r v ic e r e c e iv e d one w e e k . A th ird o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s
w e r e in estab lish m en ts with p r o v is io n s f o r 3 w eeks* v a ca tio n fo r
them a fte r 15 ye a rs o f s e r v i c e ; a fifth o f the plant w o r k e r s w e r e
in estab lish m en ts p ro v id in g 3 w eeks* p aid v a ca tion a fte r s im ila r
s e r v ic e . N ea rly a tenth o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s q u a lifie d fo r 4 w eeks
o r m o r e va ca tion a fte r 25 y e a rs o f s e r v i c e .
H ealth, In su ra n ce,

and P e n s io n P la n s

N e a rly eigh t-ten th s o f the plant w o r k e r s and o v e r n in e tenths of the o ffic e w o r k e r s w e r e in e s ta b lish m e n ts w h ich paid
at le a s t p art o f the c o s t o f s o m e f o r m o f h ealth , in s u ra n ce , o r
p e n sio n plan. L ife in s u ra n ce , a v a ila b le to n in e-ten th s o f the o ffic e
w o r k e r s and n e a rly th r e e -fo u r th s o f the plant w o r k e r s , was the
m o s t com m on plan p ro v id e d . Th is was the on ly plan a v a ila b le to
o v e r half of the plant e m p lo y e e s .
N e a rly a th ird o f the o f fic e
w o r k e r s w e re in estab lish m en ts with fo r m a l s ic k le a v e plans w h e r e 
as on ly about a seventh o f the plant w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d b y su ch
p la n s.
P e n sio n plans w e r e a v a ila b le to about h alf o f the o f fic e
w o r k e r s and th ree-ten th s o f the plant w o r k e r s .

Establishments and Workers Within Scope of Survey and Number Studied in New Orleans,

La. , 1 by Major Industry Division, November 1953
Workers

Number of establishments
Industry division

All division s.......................................................................................................
Manufacturing.....................................................................................................
Nonmanufacturing ............................................................................................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public utilities ..................................
Wholesale t r a d e * .......................................................................................
Retail tr a d e ......................._
...........................................................................
Finance, insurance, and' real e s t a t e * .............................................
Services 3 * .....................................................................................................

Minimum size
establishment
in scope of
study 2

Within
scope of
study

Studied

51

582

157

Within
scope of
study

Studied
Total

Office

123,300

73,380

9, 170

29,180
44,200

2, 140
7,030

22,830
2,910
11,880
2, 240
4 ,3 4 0

3,040
960
1,200
1,470
360

51
51

185
397

51
106

47,900
75,400

51
51
51
51
51

91
93
133
43
37

26
20
32
12
16

31, 500
9,3 0 0
22,600
5,200
6,800

1 The New Orleans Metropolitan Area (Jefferson, Orleans, and St. Bernard Parishes).
2 Total establishment employment.
For wage study purposes, all outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and
motion-picture theaters are considered as one establishment. The minimum size of establishment in scope of the December 1951 study was 21 workers in all industry divisions.
3 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engi
neering and architectural services.
* This industry division is appropriately represented in estimates for "all industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables although coverage was insuf
ficient to justify separate presentation of data.




59

A : Occupational Earnings
Table A-l: Office Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New Orleans, La. , by industry division, November 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E ! WEEKLY EARN][NGS OF

Average
Sex, occupation, and industry division

o
f

workers

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Under 30.00 32. 50 35.00 37. 50 40.00 42 .50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55. 00 57.50 60. 00 62.50 65.00 70.00 75. 00 80 .00 85. 00 90,.00 95.00
$
and
30. 00 32.50 35.00
_Q
37.50 40. 00 42.50 £ 5 LQ0_ 4 7 .5.Q 50.00 5 ^ 5 0 55.00 5.?.»..5 _M J d Q 62.50 6 5 .Q 7Q...Q0 I-5.Ji.Q- 80. Q .
Q
JHL afl^QD- 33 J K L QY£X.
Q

Men
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class B ..............................................................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................

50
50

39.5
39.5

$
54.50
54.50

Clerks, accounting, class A .....................
Manufacturing ................ ...........................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................
Public utilities * ...................................
Retail trade ............................................

460
135
325
92
47

40.5
40.0
40.5
39.0
45.5

Manufacturing ...........................................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................
Public utilities * ...................................

168
53
115
64

40 .0
40.0
40 .0
39.5

^Clerks, order ...................................................
Manufacturing.............................................
Nonmanufacturing . ...................................

-

-

73.00
70.50
74.50
70.00
76.50

_
-

_
-

-

53.50
56.00
52.50
55.00

_
“

229
48
181

40.0
60.00
4 1 .0
68. 00
40.0 | 58.00

Clerks, payroll ..............................................
Manufacturing ......... ..................................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................

88
50
38

39.5
67.00
4 0.0 ' 66.00
39.0 | 68.50

Comptometer operators ..............................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................

34
34

40.0
40 .0

Office b o v s ..........................................................
Manufacturing ....................................... .. .
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Public utilities * .............................. .. .

223
69
154
68

48.50
48.50

6
6

6
6

26
2
24
17

64
35
29
18

-

-

“

13
1
12
10

18
11
7
3

1
1
“

12
_
12

22
_
22

25
11
14

19
11
8 |

2
3
------- 2“ ------ 3
“

4

17
IT
3

_

-

-

-

3
3

8
8

2
2

9
9

6
6

6
6

4
4

_

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

5
5
1

1
1
1

11
3
8
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

48
8
40
3
11

26
18
8
-

-

14
14
6
5

3
3
-

1
1
1

18
11
7
2

9
9
2

18
6
12
5

18
1
17
11

15
7
8
4

12

-

2
2
-

12
4

9
3
6
6

14
2
12
12

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

1
1

3
3

13
4
9

15
15

19
19

22
22

14
14

8
8

29
11
18

-

_
-

-

_
-

6
6

1
1
-

_
-

1
1

_
13
- “ "13
-

_
-

1
1

_

_

_

6
6

_
-

4
4

3
3

7
7

4
4

2
2

8
8

-

-

-

18
8
10
5

36
2
34
17

11
10
1
1

4
2
2
2

4
4

3
3

1

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1

-

-

-

1
1
-

2

1

2

1

_

_

—

--------- I

-

E—

j
i

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

75
33
42
19
2

74
18
56
12

12
11
1
1

4

40
10
30
6

_

—

-

-

|

_

_

I
i

-

-

-

-

13
5
8

2
_
2

6
6
-

12
3
9

13
4
9

7
5
2

7
2
5

-

-

-

-

_
"

.
_
-

_
_
-

.
_
_
-

5

8

11

4

_

!

-

4
2

i
i

-

-

-

77
27
50
22

33
5
28
11

26
7
19
9

„

3

_
3
3

62
4
58

29
15
14

13
8
5

4
4

1

-

-

-

-

10

-

10

4

3
1
2

_

-

19

13
3
10

10

-

-

1

_

_

-

................

40

40 .0

68.00

_

B illers, machine (billing machine) . . . .
Manufacturing ...........................................
Nonmanufacturing .................................................

179
35
144

40.0
4 0.0
4 0.0

46.00
49.50
45.50

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

8
8

B illers, machine (bookkeeping
machine) ............................................................................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Retail tr a d e ....................... ....................

76
70
69

4 1.0
4 1.5
41.5

42.50
41.50
41.50

4
4
4

-

-

5
5
5

5
5
5

6
6
6

8
8
7

12
12
12

17
17
17

9
9
9

4
4
4

3
-

-

3
-

-

-

-

_
-

-

-

Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class A ..............................................................
Manufacturing ............................................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Retail tr a d e ............................................

100
45
55
33

40.5
4 0.0
4 1.0
41.0

52.50
57.00
49.50
47.50

-

-

-

7
7
7

-

“

-

18
18
"

19
19
19

16
16
1

5
5
1

1
1
1

6
6
4

3
3
-

18
18
“

7
6
1
“

.
-

.
-

-

Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class B ..............................................................
Manufacturing ............................................
Nonmanufacturing.............................. ..
Retail tr a d e ............................................

417
55
362
71

40 .0
39.5
4 0.0
4 0.0

44.00
50. 50
43.00
40.00

-

7
7
3

23
23
11

32
32
7

100
47
7
93
47
14 ! 14

48
9
39
8

53
3
50
7

19
6
13

40
12
28
5

9
7
2

11
1
10

12
12
2

11
5
6

1
1
-

-

4
4
-

-

Tabulating-machine operators

JJL.

2
17
1
i o ;

2 40
1
39
8

_ ____1__
1
“
1
6
6 !
1
I
“ i

1
l

-

-

-

-

-

_
_
-

_ 1
_
-

_
_
-

1

_

1

-

_

_

-

-

-

"

-

-

_

_
_

_

-

9
-

-

_

-

r
2

-

11

9

39.5 ! 35.50
40.0 ! 37.50
39.5
35.00
39.0
36.00

17
5
12
8

1

i

_

-

Women

I
1

See footnotes at end of table.
*
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




19
-

10
-

4

_

_

-

-

_

-

_
-

_
_

-

_
-

_

_

_
-

_

-

-

_

-

Occupational Wage Survey, New Orleans, L a ., November 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

60
T a b le A - l:

O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d

(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and e a rn in g s 1 fo r s e le c te d occupations studied on an a rea
b asis in New O rleans, L a ., b y industry d iv isio n , N ovem ber 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E W EEKLY EARNINGS OF—

A verage

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Nm
u ber
o
f
w rk
o ers

$
$
$
$
$
5
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
W
eekly
W
eekly Under 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45. 00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62. 50 6 5 .00 7 0 .00 75.00 80 .0 0 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00
hu
o rs
ea in s
rn g
(S n a ) (S n ard
ta d rd
ta d )
and
30. 00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 47. 50 50.00 52. 50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62. 50 65. 00 7 0 .0 0 75. 00 80.00 8 5 .00 90 .0 0 95. 00 over

Women - Continued
Clerks, accounting, class A .....................
Manufacturing .........................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Public utilities * ................................
Retail trade .........................................

142
49
93
39
32

3 9.5
3 9.5
3 9 .0 j
39.0
39.5

$
60.00
65.00
57.00
61.50
4 6 .50

_
-

_
“

-

2
2
2

2
2
2

9
9
8

2
2
2

3
3
2

6
6
5
1

17
2
15
5
6

10
6
4
1
1

17
9
8
2
6

5
4
’
1

17
3
14
11
1

4
3
1
1
-

14
7
7
1
-

22
9
13
11
-

2
2
2
-

2
2
_
-

8
6
2
-

Clerks, accounting, class B .....................
Manufacturing .........................................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Retail trade .........................................

696
161
535
123

39.0
4 0 .0
38.5
40.0

46.00
4 9 .50
4 5 .00
42.50

24
24
-

20
20
12

12
12
6

34
2
32
22

26
4
22
4

97
2
95
24

110
30
80
7

144
74
70
11

25
6
19
3

57
14
43
24

25
25
-

30
2
28
8

11
2
9
1

58
4
54
1

4
3
1
-

3
3
-

16
15
1
-

_
-

.
-

Clerks, file, class A ..................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................

47
42

39.5
39.0

4 5 .50
45.00

_

2
2

4
4

3
2

2
-

1
1

14
14

6
5

1
-

_

_

-

-

"

1
1

_

-

8
8

_

-

5
5

-

Clerks, file, class B ..................................
Manufacturing ...........................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Retail t r a d e ........................................

270
75
195
53

39.5
40 .0
39.5
40 .0

39.50
45. 00
37.00
32.00

14
14
14

47
47
23

36
11
25
1

27
2
25
8

14
6
8
1

38
9
29
4

20
3
17
1

29
6 !
23 I
1

29
26
3
-

12
8
4
-

_
-

_
"

4
4
-

_
-

_
-

_
- |

Clerks, ord er..................................................
Manufacturing...........................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Retail t r a d e .........................................

200
26
174
57

40.5
44. 50
39.5 ! 43.00
40. 5 ; 45.00
4 1 .0 j 36.50

3
3
3

26
26
16

20
8
12
12

20
20
13

_
-

16
2
14
1

15
2
13
-

15
5
10
4

27
8
19
-

17
17
5

_
-

7 j
6
2 |

_
-

_
-

Clerks, p a y r o ll.............................................
Manufacturing..........................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Retail trade .........................................

219
107
112
38

3 9.5 ! 4 9 .00
4 0 .0 1 50.50"
39.0 ! 4 7 .50
40 .5
45.00

_
-

8
4
4
2

3
3
2

23
14
9
2

11
8
3
-

28
13
15
4

18
18
1 ------ 5“
17
12
7
11

11
5
6
2

16
6
10
3 |

_
- |
1

9
9
9

11
11
11
10
10
2

4 !
4 !

17
16

8
8

_
-

Comptometer operators..............................
Manufacturing...........................................
Nonmanufacturing....................................
Public utilities * ................................
Retail t r a d e .........................................

309
88
221
52
109

39.5
49.50
40 .0 1 57.50
39 .5 | 46.00
53.50
39.5
3 9 .5 .
41.50

Key-punch operators ..................................
Manufacturing ........................................
Nonmanufacturing..................................
Retail tr a d e .........................................

178
35
143
41

3 9.5
4 0 .0
39.5
4 0 .0

47.50
56.00
4 5 .50
41.00

-

4
4
-

Office g i r l s .....................................................
Nonmanufacturing..................................

98
80

4 0 .0
40 .0

35.50
34.50

18
18

25
25

Secretaries ....................................................
Manufacturing................................ ..
Nonmanufacturing..................................
Public utilities * ..............................
Retail trade .......................................

803
253
550
235
112

39 .5
4 0 .0
39.5
3 9.0
40.5

60.50
64,00
59.00
62. 50
53. 50

8
8

Stenographers, general ...........................
Manufacturing .................................. .. .
Nonmanufacturing..................................
Public utilities * ..............................
Retail trade ......................................

1,108
328
780
261
102

39.5
40 .0
39.5
39.0
3 9.5

4 9 .50
54.50
47.50
48. 50
45.00

11
ii
10

15 j
3 !
12
12

42
20

22
2
20
10

14
14
10

29
1
28
11

8
8
2

15
34
2
32
6

8
1

2
1

9
6

7
1

1
1

11
11

_
-

16
4
12

13
1
12
12

5
5
4

36
4
32
9

50
13
37
11
17

124
27
97
27
22

55
12
43
20
3

185
38
147
75
13

76
7
69
39
19

4 |
- !

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

21

35

33
2
31
2
12

71
5
66
9
7

-

-

-

21

35

-

-

-

-

1

-

See footnotes at end of table.
*
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




!
|

_
-

-

27 1 25
2
12
15 1 23
7.
10
5 (
6

36
4
32
8

42

-

!
1
j
|

5
5
1

i
i
!
|

19 ;
8 !
11
5

-

-

-

_
-

_
- i
-

_
-

_

_

.

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

17
17
-

_
-

1 :
- !
1
1 !

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

7
5
2
“

13
8
5
1

5
4
1
■

_
I

1
1
-

_
-

_
- :
- ;
- :

_
-

_
- j
-

2
2
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

15
4
11 !
2 j

13
11
2
1

1
j
i
;

16
14
2
-

16
16 !
"
13
4
9
1

18 ;
9
9
8
1

17
4
13
6
7

:
!
1
i
|

20
12
8
5
3

13
9
4
4
-

21
16
5
3
“

16
15
1
1
-

4
4
• -

13
6
7

15
6 !
9 i

2

6
6
-

6
6

5
5
“

2
2
”

2
2
-

_
“

-

_
■

“

-

-

-

-

~

-

_
-

-

_
-

_
-

31
16
15
8
7

15
4
11
5
1

10
3
7
3
-

7
_
7
1
“

6

_

2

_

-

-

-

-

" 1
_

: 1
2
"

“

-

;
j
;
1

-

_
-

-

93
25
68
16
34

32
17
15
5
4

79
11
68
44
7

56
11
45
38
2

101
36
65
30
2

59
25
34
29
2

76
28
48
23
6

49
30
19
4
5

59
25
34
18
-

100
27
73
37
12

67
34
33
11
1

101
52
91
32 ------35-t
59
17
42
59
22 ;
2
12
1
10 |
1

34
28
6
2
-

38
19
19
1
-

11
3
8
2
-

6
6

6

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

61
T a b le A - l:

O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u e d

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New Orleans, La., by industry division, November 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Average

Sex,

o c c u p a tio n , a n d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

W om en -

N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .................................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ..............................................
R e t a i l t r a d e ..........................................................
S w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s . . . .
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ..........................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ........................................... ...
T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
g e n e r a l ..................................................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .................................................
............................................................................

..........................................................

N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .................................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ..............................................
R e t a i l t r a d e ............................... ...........................
T y p is ts , c la s s B
M a n u fa c tu rin g

$

$

Weekly
U n der 3 0 .0 0
earnings i*
P
(Standard) *
"
3 0 . 00 3 2 . 50

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

$

$

$

$

3 2 .5 0

3 5 .0 0

“
3 5 .0 0

“

3 7 .5 0
*

3 7 .5 0

4 0 .0 0

4 0 .0 0

$

%

$

4 2 .5 0

4 5 . 00

4 7 .5 0

5 0 .0 0

%

$

$

$

$

4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0

4 7 .5 0

5 0 .0 0

5 2 .5 0

7 0 .0 0

$
7 5 .0 0

-

8 0 .0 0

%

5

5 2 .5 0

5 5 .0 0

5 7 . 50

6 0 .0 0

6 2 .5 0

6 5 . 00

■

~

~

-

-

-

-

5 5 .0 0

5 7 . 50

6 0 .0 0

6 2 . 50

6 5 .0 0

7 0 .0 0

7 5 .0 0

$
8 0 .0 0

8 5 .0 0

$
9 0 . 00

-

-

-

and

8 5 .0 0

9 0 . 00

9 5 .0 0

over

$

s

9 5 . 00

C o n tin u e d

S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ..............................................

T y p is ts , c la s s A
M a n u fa c tu rin g

Number
of
workers

.............................................................................

..........................................................

N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .................................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * .............................................
R e t a i l t r a d e ..........................................................

$
«
P
4 1 .0 0
4 0 .0 0
4 9 .0 0

347
318
44
112

4 2 .0
4 2 .0
3 8 .5
4 1 .5

140
77
63

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0

72
45

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

!

360
74
286
90
30

3 9 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
3 7 .5
3 8 .5

!

367
97
270
62

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
4 0 .0

57

49
49
-

42
42
.

30
30
_

14
11
1
2

31
23
15

6
3
3

14

5
3
2

23
17
6

8

2
2

5
1

8
2

31
4
27
16
1

48
7
41
7

39
1
38
3

36
17
19
3

9
3
2

-

-

-

-

3
1
2
.

14
8
6
6

19
15
4
4

4
-

5
5
_

2
2
_

1

-

-

-

51
51
2
47

12
12
3
8

36
33
8
10

7
7
3

1
1

21

-

9
12

22
16
6

2

16
16
2

3 4 .5 0

j

!
i

j
!
!
!

i
;

11

16

17

4 5 .0 0
4 9 .5 0
4 0 .0 0

8
-

4
-

8

1
1
-

4

20
3
17

4 7 .0 0
4 3 .0 0

_

_

-

-

4
4

10
10

2
2

12
10

6
6

_

_

15

_

_

8

31
_

30
-

.

-

7
-

14
8
6
_

-

-

-

31
5
10

30
20
6

46
5
41

-

28
10
18
12
2

4
-

36
-

68
17
51
6
7

50
2
48
7
14

38

48

19
19
6

11
37
13
5

38
12
26
6

37
4

4 8 .5 0
4 9 .0 0
4 8 .0 0
4 8 .0 0
4 1 .5 0
4 0 .0 0
4 4 .0 0
3 8 .5 0
4 3 .0 0
3 5 .0 0

4
_

36
-

4

17

2

1

1

-

9
11

33
11
5

9
5

-

8
5
.
-

“

23
17
5

4
4
1

16
13
2

1
1
1

7
4
1

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5
5

3
3

2
2

3
3

2
2

.

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9
6

3

3

_
_

_
-

4
3
1

12

«.

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

2
_

7
-

1
_

_

_

-

_

2
_

7
3

1
1

.

-

9
-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

.

_

.

1
1
.

_

_

_
_

_
-

_

_

_

-

"

-

-

-

-

-

20
—
r~i
15

_
_

_

.

_

_

_
_
_

_

-

-

-

_

_

_
_

.

1 Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
2 Workers were distributed as follows: 13 at $95 to $100; 15 at $100 to $105; 4 at $105 to $110; 4 at $110 to $115; 2 at $115 to $120; 2 at $120 to $125.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u
tilities.

Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in New Orleans, La. , by industry division, November 1953)
Average
S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Number
of
workers

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

$
$
5
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
Weekly
Weekly
U nder 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0
9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 105 .00
hours
earnings
4
»
“
”
(Standard) (Standard)
“
~
”
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
"
”
■
“
■
4 0 .0 0
4 2 .5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 . 00 8 2 .5 0 . 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 . 00 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 1 0 5 .0 0 110 .00
%

M en
D r a ft s m e n , s e n i o r ..............................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ................................................

141
113

4 0 .5
4 0 .5

$
8 4 .5 0
8 3 .0 0

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

D r a ft s m e n , i u n i o r ..............................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ................................................

74

65

4 1 .0
4 1 .0

5 9 .0 0
5 9 .5 0

3
-

1
-

1
-

34
28

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

6 5 .0 0
6 6 .0 0

■

"

“

_

_

.

_

_

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

.

_

_

12
12

28
28

3
2

6

-

4
4

_

-

11
11

_

-

-

6
5

7
5

1
1

5
5

1
“

2
2

6
-

20
20

15
15

4

-

1
“

2
1

8
8

18
12

32
32

12
11

9
5

10
9

10

-

2
2

3
2

-

-

-

-

-

2
2

3
3

1
1

2
2

1
1

-

-

-

_

W om en
N u r s e s , in d u s t r ia l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) ................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ................................................

_

_

|

_

_

_

“

-

“

Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.




Occupational Wage Survey, New Orleans, La., November 1953
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

62
Ta b le A -3:

M a in te n a n c e and P o w e rp la n t O c c u p a tio n s

(A verage h ou rly earnings 1 fo r m en in s e le c te d occupations studied on an area
b a sis in New O rlea n s, L a . , by industry d iv isio n , N ovem ber 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

O ccu p a tion and in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n

C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ..............................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ........................................
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ...................................
R e ta il tra d e ..............................................

Number
of
Workers

258
140
118
36
39

Average
hourly
earnings

$
U nder 0 .9 5
$
0 .9 5
1 .0 0

$
1 .7 9
1 .8 3
1 .7 4
1 .7 2
1 .9 4

-

$
1 .0 5

$
1 .1 0

$
1 .1 5

$
1 .2 0

$
1 .2 5

$
1 .3 0

$
1 .3 5

1 .4 0

1 .4 5

$
1 .5 0

$
1 .5 5

1 .6 0

1 .6 5

1 .7 0

1 .7 5

1 .8 0

1 .9 0

2 .0 0

$
2 . 10

$
2 .2 0

1 .3 0

$
2 .4 0

$
2 .5 0

1 . 0 5 - 1 .1 0

1. 15

1 .2 0

1 .2 5

1 .3 0

1 .3 5

1 .4 0

1 .4 5

1.50

1 .5 5

1 .6 0

1 .6 5

1 .7 0

1 .7 5

1 .8 0

1 .9 0

2 .0 0

2 .1 0

2 .2 0

2 . 30

2 .4 0

2 .5 0

over

6
2
4
-

2
2
-

2
2
-

7
2
5
2

10
4
6
-

5
2
3
_

-

22
18
4
4
-

3
3
1
-

15
14
1
1
-

35
5
30
17
1

13
13
_
_

-

13
11
2
„
2

12
12
_

-

15
8
7
6
-

_

-

11
5
6
_
5

7
7
_

-

12
12
5
7

-

21
20
1
_
1

23
21
2
1
1

3
1
2
1
1

20
20
_
18

1

4
4
-

.

8
4
4

2
2
-

2
2
-

1

5
5
-

2
2
-

3
.

-

-

3

12
7
5

3

1

41
41
-

27
24
3

36
33
3

34
17
17

81
69
12

1

-

-

1

12
12
-

5
4
1

19
19

2

7

4
4

16
10
6
5

42
26
16
5

-

_

13
13

10
8
2
-

_

2
-

11
4
7
4

13

-

20
16
4
4

1
1

-

-

-

-

-

8
8

-

-

-

-

-

-

8

2
2
-

63
63
-

$
1 .0 0

and

-

-

-

-

-

.

.

2

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

“

-

6
-

8
4
4
-

E l e c t r ic i a n s , m a i n t e n a n c e .................... .. . .
.............................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ........................................

282
226
56

2 .0 0
2 .0 2
1 .9 4

E n g in e e r s , s t a t io n a r y ......................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g
.............................................
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ........................................
R e ta il tra d e .............................................

195
97
98
39

1 .7 4
1 .7 5
1 .7 3
1 .8 7

-

-

-

-

6
4
2
-

F ir e m e n , s ta t io n a r y b o i l e r .........................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

132
105

1 .1 7
1 .2 0

2 20
1

44
44

7
7

1
1

3
3

5
-

2
2

24
24

-

H e lp e r s , t r a d e s , m a in te n a n c e ..................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ........................................

314
242
72

1 .4 4
1 .4 4
1 .4 2

18
15
3

17
12
5

21
17
4

4
4
-

14
10
4

14
14
"

6
6
-

8
6
2

6
4
2

M a c h in is t s , m a i n t e n a n c e ..............................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

237
216
479
99
380
328

1 .7 3
1. 64
1 .7 5
1 .7 9

M e c h a n ic s , m a in te n a n c e ..............................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ........................................
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ...................................

655
607
48
33

1 .9 4
1 .9 6
1 .6 4
1 .8 0

M illw r ig h ts ............................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

40
40

1 .9 5
1 .9 5

O i l e r s ........................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

151
147

1 .4 0
1 .4 2

P a in t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ...................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ..............................
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ........................................

140
63
77

1 .6 8
1 .8 5
1 .5 4

P i p e f it t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ..............................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

75
72

1 .8 9
1 .8 7

S h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a in t e n a n c e . . . .

25

1 .9 0

-

-

-

-

-

6
-

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

“

-

-

.

_

17

14
14

20

-

20
15

.
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

17
17

-

-

-

-

-

2
2

-

-

-

-

-

"

-

4
“

-

-

“

_

_

.

.

-

-

-

-

32
28

_

12
12

4

-

_
-

-

7
3
4
4

_

14
13

-

_

-

-

-

2
2

9
3
6

3
3

17
1
16

-

-

1
1

3
3

.

.

_

-

“

-

"

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

.

_

5
3
2

5
5
-

.

_

_

-

-

-

1
-

-

10
10

31
30

24
5
19
17

52
52
50

12
8
4
-

8
7
1
1

13
12
1
1

4
3
1
-

7
7

19
19

42
42

-

-

-

“

-

-

43
42
1
1

4
4

-

3
3
15

-

-

-

26
23
3

9
-

_

39
23
16

3
2

_

_

28
21
7

-

.

-

21
12
9

3
3

.

_

-

9

_

-

3
3

3
-

14
7
7
6

-

-

"

8
8

3

-

-

1

11
1

-

4
4

-

3

6
2
4
2

11

29
5
24
2

1
1

_

1

9
4
5
5

-

-

_

-

13
12
1
1

-

-

_

"

-

-

.

1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
2 All at $ 0 .9 0 to $ 0 .9 5 .
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities




-

-

_

2 .0 0
2 . 00

M e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e ( m a in t e n a n c e )...
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ........................................
P u b lic u tilit ie s * .......... .........................

-

-

-

_

-

15
7

6

3

4

-

-

-

-

-

6
-

3
2

4
-

-

-

-

7
2

_

_

_

-

-

-

4
4

-

15
15
“

-

-

2
2

1
1

10
10

32
32

6
6

11
11

_

2

-

-

■

2

4
4
“

14
2
12

2

1
1

-

7
7

1
1

6
6

_

_

l

_

-

_

.

1
1

_

2
2
_

2
2

-

-

11
11

8
8

_

-

6
6

2

15
4
11

22
9
13

■

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

1
1

1

7

.

-

-

-

-

-

_

7

-

-

-

-

-

26
24

51
49

49
43

40
32

2
2

6
6

-

51
10
41
41

40
5
35
31

142

3
3

83
83

21
21

-

-

"

-

48
41
7
7

8
-

-

_
-

10
10
23 __
23

2

11
11

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
-

193
187
6
6

-

2
2

-

-

-

65
58
7
7

-

-

-

5
5

17
17

1
1

-

-

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

-

142
140
71
71
-

-

-

-

4
3
1

7
7
”

2
2

24
20
4

7
4
3

6
6
-

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

3

3

4
4

2
2

11
11

8
5

-

9
9

1

1

8

1

_

_

-

9
9

-

10
10

_

_

7

6

_

-

O ccupational Wage S u rvey, New O rlea n s, L a ., N ovem b er 1953
U .S . D E PA RTM EN T OF LA BO R
Bureau o f L a b or S ta tistics

63
Ta b le A-4*.

C usto d ia l and M a te ria l M o ve m e nt O c c u p a tio n s

(A verage h ou rly earnings 1 f o r s e le c te d occu p ation s 2 studied on an area
basis in New O rlea n s, L a. , b y industry d ivisio n , N ovem ber 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Occupation and industry division

N ber
um
of
W
orkers

A era e
v g
hu
o rly
ea in s
rn g

Undei 0.4 5
$
0 .4 5
.50

$
$
$
$
$
0. 50 0. 55 0 . 60 0. 65 0 .7 0
. 55

. 60

.6 5

.7 0

$
0 .7 5
.8 0

.7 5

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
%
$
$
$
$
$
%
$
$
0.8 0 0 .8 5 0.9 0 0.9 5 1. 00 1.05 1. 10 1. 15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1. 50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90
and
.8 5
.9 0
.9 5 1.00 1.05 1. 10 1. 15 1. 20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 over

G u ard s....................... .........................................
Manufacturing......... ............................. ..
Nonmanufacturing.....................................

456
82
374

$
1.02
1.53
.91

"

~

“

~

-

“

-

~

4
4

309
3
306

3
3

2
2

5
5

10
10

2
2

Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(m e n ).................................................................
Manufacturing............................................
Nonmanufacturing ...................................
Public utilities * .................................
Retail t r a d e .............. ...........................

2 ,0 8 2
500
1,582
246
659

.90
1.22
.8 0
1.07
.69

47
47
.
38

25
25
.
16

122
12£
30

34
_
34
11

138
.
138
.
119

57
57
.
52

226
8
218
1
157

257
48
209
4
151

319
17
302
13
43

76
30
46
14
7

40
16
24
9
13

50
7
43
12
14

61
11
50
37
3

32
6
26
16
“

131
14
117
104
3

64
43
21
6
”

63
27
36
23
2

33
23
10
3
“

Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(women)............................................................
Manufacturing............................................
Nonmanufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail t r a d e ..........................................

659
43
616
236

. 61
.98
.59
.49

89
89
3 47

91
91
77

60
60
60

141
141
33

14
14
14

49
49
3

124
124

33
9
24

10
8
2
1

1
1
”

4
3
1
~

4
4
“

7
6
1
1

5
3
2
“

18
18
“

.
“

■

Laborers, material handling ...................
Manufacturing............................................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Public utilities * .................................
Retail trade ..........................................

3 ,503
1,7 2 4
1,779
749
464

1.06
1.08
1.03
1. 15
.91

-

13
13

-

-

8
8

123
80
43

66
64
2

270
146
124

239
51
188

260
62
198

203
201
2

201
143
58

13

"

■

8

43

2

91

95

1

“

*

140
32
108
88
13

272
22
250
234
2

599
56
543
300
184

289
267
22
2
7

Order fillers ............................................ ..
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Retail t r a d e ..........................................

666
------?2?”
75

1.24
1.26
1.07

.
“

.
"

~

“

“

-

65
44
6

16
16
1

67
67
12

16
16
6

29
29
8

25
17
9

4
4
2

62
62
5

“

_
“

“

.
“

1
1
1

-

55
8
47
15

17
17
6

67
6
61

9
9
“

13
2
11
11

12
12

22

25
4
21
19

-

-

1
1

*

6
6

9
9

11
5

2
2

1
1

3
3

1
1

1
1

_

_

_

6

1

15

9

6

8

4

-

-

-

*

“

6

1
1

15
15

9
9

6
6

8

4

7

1

11

5

9

23

-

-

11
11

5
5

5
5

3

-

12
12

-

-

18

3

12
11
2

"
.
-

Packers, shipping ( m e n ) ............................
Manufacturing....................... ....................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Retail t r a d e ..........................................

562
246
316
100

1.21
1.38
1.07
.96

Packers, shipping (women) .....................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................

42
34

.8 6
.8 6

-

Receiving c le r k s..............................................
Manufacturing ............................................
Nonmanufacturing.............................. ..
Retail tra d e...........................................

226
53
173
55

1.46
1.46
1.46
1.06

“

-

~

27 6

1.35
1.29
1.37

-

-

-

Shipping c le r k s ................................................
Manufacturing............................................
Nonmanufacturing...................................
Retail tr a d e ..........................................

------- 57”
189
55

_

_

-

1 .1 0

See footnotes at end o f tab le.
*
T ra n sp ortation (exclu din g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.




“

*

8
1

5

18
10

2

5
17
32
- ------- S — n
4
32
“

13
13
“

”

8
8
“

3
3

20
20
~

23
20
3

35
16
19
-

147
131
16
■

32
25
7
1
”

90
78
12
~

3
3
3
“

_
.
"

_
_
-

_
_
-

4
4
“

3
3
~

“

2
2
"

“

“

"

“

~

92
67
25
3

221
208
13
3
2

37
35
2
“

139
111
28
12
~

255
155
100
80
~

19
3
16
"

14
12
2
-

10
6
4
~

3
3
■

30
30
30
“

67
67
3

19
19
“

12
10
5

15
13
1

36
32
2

41
38
15

68
68
“

8
8
“

84
84
"

40
4
36
8

23
8
15
3

44
44
*
■

58
51
7
7

14
14
3

8
8

72
22
50
*

85
85
“

6
6

2

13
12
1
1

_
“

1

2
2

3
1

“

1
1

“

-

-

-

-

-

2

6
5

13
4
9
7

5

14

57

13

1

2
1

4
“

8
6

52

5

2
11
1

4
4
“

5
5

1

15
15
-

-

2
1

41
4
137
~
-

5

9
9

1

"

18
13
5
2

1
1

38
23
15

“

2

7

20

-

-

14

12
8

7

6

1

4

12

1
28
14
14
3

35
-

35
3

-

5

“

20 12
20 12
~
“
_
“

17
3
14

1

Occupational Wage S urvey, New O rleans, La. , N ovem ber 1953
U .S . DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

64
Ta b le A -4*

C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M ovem ent O c cup ations - C o ntinue d

(A verage h ou rly earnings 1 fo r se le c te d occupations 2 studied on an a rea
basis in New O rleans, L a ., by industry d ivisio n , N ovem ber 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

o
f
W ers
ork

$
0.50

$
0 .5 5

.50

Occupation and industry division

$
A Aa o
V r jr
hu
o rly Under 0.45
ea in s $
rn g

.55

. 60

Shipping-and-receiving c le r k s ................
Manufacturing...........................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Retail tr a d e .........................................

272
158
114
48

$
1.32
1.38
1.23
1.09

Truckdrivers, light (under
IV2 to n s ).........................................................
Manufacturing...........................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Retail trade .........................................

443
111
332
95

1.16
1.19
1.15
.9 6

Truckdrivers, medium (1V2 to and
including 4 t o n s ) .........................................
Manufacturing .......................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Public utilities * .............................. .
Retail trade .........................................

1,001
300
701
269
177

Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
trailer ty p e )..................................................
Manufacturing...........................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Public utilities * ................................

363
36
327
236

$
$
$
0. 60 0. 65 0 .7 0
.65

$
0.7 5

$
0 .85

$
0.90

$
0.95

$
1.00

$
1.05

$
1.10

$
1.15

$
1.2 0

$
1.25

$
$
1.3 0 1.3 5

$
1.40

$
1 .50

$
$
$
$
1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90
and-

. 80

.7 5

.7 0

$
0 .80
.85

.9 0

.9 5

1.00

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

1 .25

1.30

1.3 5

1.50

1.6 0

1.70

72
9
- ----- 57
15
9
3
1

5
5
1

29
29
5

7
4
3
3

59
2
57

5
3
2
2

2

66
56
10
2
“

164
4
160
130
4

-

12
12

83
83
56

-

-

-

*

*

.

*

-

"

5
5
5

“

1
1
1

2
2
2

.
"

.
*

.
“

3
3
3

29
7
22
10

14
14
12

52
27
25
7

33
13
20
20

19
19
13

1.17
1.27
1.13
1.12
1. 19

_
-

_
-

.
-

.
-

.
-

2
2

_
-

16
14
2

43
43

78
78

11
1
10

26
14
12

“

“

~

“

~

“

"

“

8

28

6

1.27
1.39
1.25
1.21

-

_
-

-

.
-

-

_
-

-

-

-

-

1
1

-

15
13
15
- ------- 7 ------- 7
13
8
8
13
2
8

Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
other than trailer t y p e ) ............................

293

1.27

_

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4

Truckers, power (forklift).........................
Manufacturing.................. ........................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Public utilities * ................................

537
320
217
171

1.41
1.41
1.41
1.42

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1

-

1.40

2
2
“

22
5
17
8

8
20
•- ------TE —
8
2
2
2

.
“

12
4
8
8

49
12
37
“

6
6
_

4
1
3
2

25
16
9
9

78
5
73
“

288
42
246
135
74

18
10
8

21
20
1

31
3
28

54
43
11

67
8
59

*

1

*

“

140
- — rr
125
125
*

8
2
6

2
2

2
2

-

'

6
19
r ------17
5
2
2
"

11
5
6
“

21
20
1
“

“

-

_
-

58
29
29

46
46
-

7
7
-

_
-

_
-

25

29

“

~

~

8
8
-

64
1
63
55

18
5
13

9
1
8

14
4
10

2
2

'

'

'

*

10

16

-

-

18

15 ____ 2. ___ a _
3
9
6
8
8
‘

112

105

2

8

16

-

5
5

4
4

107
46
61

49
49
49

2
2
-

36
36
-

124
124
-

136

-

-

-

24
18

5
5

6

-

44

66

6

70
70

12
'

Watchmen .........................................................
Manufacturing...........................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................
Public utilities * ................................
Retail trade .........................................

142
------T5F“

738
187
551
155
48

1

1.42
1 .4 3

.9 2
1.09
.8 6
.93
.79

“

"

4

-

-

_

4
-

“

11
11
3

“

4

4
-

*

12

5

-

5

12
11

1

“

97
10
87
39
18

1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
2 Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated.
3 Workers were distributed as follows: 20 at $ 0 .3 5 to $ 0 .4 0 ; 27 at $ 0 .4 0 to $ 0 .4 5 .
Workers were distributed as follows: 6 at $ 1 .9 0 to $2; 25 at $2 to $2. 10; 6 at $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2 .3 0 .
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




39
25
14
11

*

308
7
301
21

97
45
52
51

5

3

1

'

Truckers, power (other than forklift).. .
Manufacturing...........................................

'

'

20
15

34
33
1
1

35
35

*

29

2

5

-

-

3
1

24
21

-

-

5

3
2

'

-

81
81

21
20

12
11
1
1

36
26
10
10

6
6

-

-

-

*

“

-

-

-

-

‘

19
2

over

11
7
4
“

'

1
1
.

1.90

38
33
5
1

-

20

1.80

17
8
1

-

-

65

B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l: Shift Differential Provisions 1
Percent of manufacturing plant workers ()
a
()
b
In establishments having
Actually working on formal provisions for Third or
Second
Third or
Second
other
shift
other
shift
shift
work
shift
work

Shift differential

Total..... ..............................

70.8

47.7

15. 6

6 5
.

With shift pay differential ..... ......... .
Uniform cents (per hour) .................
2 cents..............................
4 cents................. ............
5 cents..............................
6 cents..............................
9 cents..............................
10 cents.............................
12 cents.............................
12Vz cents....... ....................
Over I2 V2 cents.................... .
Uniform percentage......................
5 percent............... .............
7 V2 percent..........................
Full day's pay for reduced hours ...........
No shift pay differential.....................

58.9
54.8
1.8
12. 1
13.4
17. 3
5.2
.
5.0
3.0
3.0

44.1
40.0

13.5
13.4
.2
2.8
2 6
.
4 6
.
1.8
.
1.4
.1

6.3
6.3
.1
.9
4.7
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
-

1. 1

3.0

.1
2. 1

.2

-

1.8
3.3
19.9
1.9
2.4
4.4
5.2
1.1
3.0
1. 1
3 .6

11.9

-

1
Shift differential data are presented in terms of (a) establishment policy and (b) workers actually employed on
late shifts at the time of the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the follow
ing conditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts.

Table B-2: Scheduled Weekly Hours 1
3
2
Percent of office workers 1 employed in Weekly hours

All
industries 2

All w o r k e r s ....................................................................

100.0

35 hours ............................................................................
Over 35 and under 31l!z hours
............. ...............
37l/2 h o u r s .......................................................................
Over 37V2 and under 40 h o u r s ................................
40 h o u r s.............................. .............................................
Over 40 and under 44 h o u r s .............................. ..
44 hours ............................................................................
Over 44 and under 48 h o u r s .....................................
48 hours ............................................................................
50 hours ............................................................................
Over 50 and under 54 h o u r s .....................................
54 h o u r s .......................................................... ... ...............
Over 54 h o u r s ....................... ............................................................

2 .9
1. 5
12. 5
5.0
65.9
3 .0
4 .7
3. 8
.2

1
2
3
*

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100.0

100.0

_
4. 1
2 .0
8 6 .8

6 .0
6.7
38.7
4 .8
43 .5
.

-

3. 7
3 .4
_

-

.3
.
-

1

Percent of plant workers employed in -

Retail trade

All
industries 3

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

_
2 .4
11.4
56.3
10. 8
7 .5
7. 8
1. 1
2 .7

_
0 .4
61.3
6.3
1.9
11.2
11.7
3 .4

_
.
64.9
7 .9
1.3
18.8
3. 6
1.9

_
.
0 .2
86 .2

.
_
1.9
4 5 .5
10.9
1 .2
2 .2
19 .4
8 .4

.5

-

-

-

-

-

.

_

_

-

-

3.1
.6

■

“

1

.
*

-

5 .8
7 .8
.
_

-

1

-

Retail trade

-

10.5

6
"

“

Data relate to women workers.
Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
O ccupational Wage S urvey, New O rlea n s, L a ., N ovem ber 1953
U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR
Bureau o f L abor Statistics




66

Ta b le B -3 :

P a id H o lid a y s 4

Percent of office workers employed in Number of paid holidays

All workers ........................................................... ..
Workers in establishments providing
paid holidays .................................................. ..
1 day .........................................................................
2 days .......................................................................
3 days ....................... ..............................................
4 days ......................................................................
5 days .......................................................................
6 days ......................... ............................................
7 d a y s ............................................................ ..
8 days .......................................................................
9 days .......................................................................
10 days ....................................................................
14 days .............................. ......................................
Workers in establishments providing no
paid holidays..............................................................
1
2
3
*

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Percent of plant workers employed in -

Retail trade

Public
utilities *

All
industries 3

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100,0

100.0

100.0

100.0

9 9 .0
.4
.1
.4
.5
56 .2
11.7
17.0
2 .4

9 6 .5

9 9 .6

99.5
.6
.8
87.1
.6
1 0.4
-

71.7
1.0
3.7
3.1
1.9
2. 6
43.9
7 .0
7 .9
.6
-

6 8 .8
7 .7
5. 1

6 5 .5

7 8 .0
4 .5

3 .9
36 .9
8 .7
6 .5
-

35. 6
6 .4
19.7
3 .8
-

28.3

3 1 .2

3 4 .5

-

-

-

-

9 .8

1.9
57. 2
11.3
2 2 .2
2 .0
1 .9
-

1. 0

3 .5

.5

62.6
1.7
2 7 .4
7 .8
.1
.4

.5

-

-

-

2 .9
6 2 .4
-

8 .2
-

22. 0

Estimates include only full-day holidays.
Includes data for wholesale trade; finance,insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.

Table B-4:

Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)
Percent of plant workers employed in -

Percent of office workers employed in Vacation policy

All workers.........................

All
industries 1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100.0

100.0

100.0

99.4
99.4
24.0
1.2
74.1
.l
-

99.7
99.7
15. 3

100.0
100.0

84.4
-

.6

.3

Retail trade

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

96.8

90.1
83.8
68.0

91.2

91.2

90. 8
90. 8
42. 8

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

After 1 year of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations ................... ..
Length-of-time payment............
1week......... ......... .
Over 1 and under 2 weeks .........
2 weeks .......................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks .........
Percentage payment3 ..............
2 percent ................... .
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations .....................

-

-

1.0

-

-

88.9
85.9
53.2
.4
30.0
2.3
3.0
3.0

•

3 2
.

11.1

30.4
_
69.6

See footnotes at end of table.
*
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




96.8'
36.3
2 3
.
57.2

43.7

-

-

-

15.8
6.3
6. 3

40.3
7.2
-

42. 8
5.2
-

9 .9

8 .8

9 .2

Occupational Wage Survey, New Orleans, La. , November 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Estimates are provided separately, according to employer practice in
computing vacation payments (length-of-time or percentage);percentage
payments were converted to equivalent time periods in earlier studies.

67
Ta b le B-4:

P a id V a c a n o n s (F o rm a l P ro v is io n s ) ' C o n tin u e d

Percent of office workers employed in Vacation policy

All w o rk e r s..................................................................

All
industries 1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Percent of plant workers employed in -

Retail trade

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100. 0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100.0

100.0

9 9 .4
9 9 .4
12. 3
.9
86. 1
. 1
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
14. 0
•
85. 8
-

100.0
100.0
1 .6
_
9 8 .4
-

96. 8
9 6 .8
24. 8
2. 3
68. 7
1 .0
-

90 .5
87.5
4 4 .0
3 .4
37.8
2 .3
3 .0
3.0

90. 8
8 4.5
63. 1
4. 3
17.1
6. 3
6. 3

9 2.9
92.9
26. 1
59.6
7 .2
-

9 0 .8
9 0 .8
30.3
55. 3
5 .2
-

3 .2

9 .5

9 .2

7.1

9 .2

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
24. 8
2. 3
68. 7
1.0
-

90 .5
8 7.5
28. 7
3 .9
52 .6
2 .3
3 .0
2.1
.9

9 0 .8
84. 5
34. 8
7 .3
4 2 .4
6 .3
4 .4
1.9

92 .9
92.9
16.0
69.7
7 .2
-

90.8
9 0 .8
30.3

3 .2

9 .5

9 .2

7. 1

9 .2

9 6 .8
96. 8
14.9
2. 3
7 7 .7
1.0
.9
-

90.5
87.5
13.4
.4
69.8
2. 3
1. 6
3 .0
.5
2 .5

90. 8
84.5
10.5

3 .2

9 .5

After 2 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations .........................................................
Length-of-time payment ..................................
1 w e e k ................................................................
Over 1 and under 2 weeks ........... .............
2 weeks ..................... ........................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks .........................
Percentage payment3 .......................................
2 p e rc e n t................ ..........................................
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations .........................................................

.6

.2

9 9 .4
9 9 .4
10.4
.6
88.3
.1
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
10.7

*

After 3 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations .........................................................
Length-of-time p a y m e n t..................................
1 w e e k ........................... ...................................
Over 1 and under 2 weeks .........................
2 weeks .............................................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks .................. ..
Percentage payment3 ......................................
2 p e rc e n t...........................................................
4 p e rc e n t........................................... ...............
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations .........................................................

100.0
100.0
.8

-

89.1
-

-

.6

.2

9 9 .4
9 9 .4
4.9
.6
91.7
.1
2.1
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
4 .2

-

9 9 .2
-

-

55.3
5 .2
-

After 5 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations .........................................................
Length-of-time p a y m e n t..................................
1 w e e k ................................................................
Over 1 and under 2 weeks .........................
2 weeks ..............................................................
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s .........................
3 weeks ................ ............................................
Percentage payment3 .............. ........................
2 percent ...........................................................
4 p e rc e n t...........................................................
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations .........................................................

-

.6

-

93. 8

100.0
100.0
.8
-

93.1

-

-

1 .8
-

6.1
-

.2

See footn otes at end o f table.
*
T ra n sp ortation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.




-

7 4 .0

92 .9
92.9
14.3
-

9 0 .8
9 0 .8
20.9
-

6.3
1. 1
5 .2

69.9
7 .2
1 .5
-

61.9
5 .2
2 .8
-

9 .2

7.1

9 .2

-

-

68

T a b le B -4 :

P a id V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P ro v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d

Percent of office workers employed i n
Vacation policy

All w o rk e r s......................................... ........................

All
industries 1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Percent of plant workers employed in AH
industries 2

Retail trade

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
14.9
2. 3
7 7 .7
1. 0
.9
-

90.5
87.5
13.4
.4
67.0
3 .4
3.3
3 .0
.5
2 .5

9 0 .8
8 4 .5
10.5
68. 1
2 .4
3 .5
6 .3
1. 1
5 .2

9 2 .9
9 2 .9
14.3
69.9
7 .2
1 .5
-

9 0 .8
9 0 .8
2 0 .9
61.9
5 .2
2. 8
-

3 .2

9 .5

9 .2

7 .1

9 .2

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
14.9
2. 3
71 .5
1.0
7. 1
-

9 0.5
87.5
13.4
.4
50.2
2 .3
21.2
3.0
.5
1 .6
.9

9 0 .8
84. 5
10.5
•50. 1
23 .9
6 .3
1. 1
3. 3
1.9

92 .9
9 2 .9
14.3
36. 8
7 .2
34. 6
-

9 0 .8
9 0 .8
2 0 .9
58. 6
5 .2
6. 1
-

3 .2

9 .5

9 .2

7. 1

9 .2

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
14.9
2 .3
68.5
1 .0
9 .2
.9
-

90.5
87.5
13.4
44.1
2 .3
26.7
.6
3 .0
.5
1 .6
.9

90. 8
84. 5
10.5
4 4 .7
29. 3
6. 3
1. 1
3. 3
1.9

9 2 .9
9 2 .9
14. 3
17.5
7 .2
53.9
-

9 0 .8
9 0 .8
2 0 .9
55.7
5. 2
6. 1
2 .9
-

3 .2

9 .5

9 .2

7.1

9 .2

100.0

100. 0

100.0

100.0

9 9 .4
9 9 .4
4 .9
.5
84.9
.1
9 .0
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
4 .2
8 3 .0
12. 6
-

100.0
100.0
.8
81.0
18.2
-

1

After 10 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations . .............. ........................................
Length-of-time payment ..................................
1 w e e k ............................................... ...............
Over 1 and under 2 weeks .........................
2 weeks .............................................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks .........................
3 weeks ......................................... ....................
Percentage payment3 ........................................
2 percent ...........................................................
4 percent ...........................................................
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations........................................... ...............

.6

.2

9 9 .4
9 9 .4
4 .9
.5
61.7
.1
3 2 .2
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
4. 2
4 8 .2
4 7 .4
-

-

.

After 15 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations .........................................................
Length-of-time p ay m e n t..................................
1 week ................................................................
Over 1 and under 2 weeks .........................
2 weeks .............................................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks .........................
3 weeks ...............................................................
Percentage payment3 ....................................... ..
2 percent ................ ..........................................
Over 4 and under 6 p e rcen t.......................
6 percent and over ................................
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations ..................................................

.6

.2

9 9 .4
9 9 .4
4 .9
57.5
.1
35. 1
1. 3
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
4 .2
4 8 .2
4 2 .9
4 .5
-

.6

100.0
100.0
.8
53.2
4 6.0
-

.2

-

After 20 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations .........................................................
Length-of-time p ay m e n t..................................
1 week .................................................... ..
Over 1 and under 2 weeks .........................
2 weeks .............................................................
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s ......... ...............
3 weeks .............................................................
4 weeks and o v e r ......................... ............... ..
Percentage payment3 ................................ ..
2 percent .........................................................
Over 4 and under 6 p e rcen t.......................
6 percent and over .......................................
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations .........................................................

.5

100.0
100.0
.8
38 .4
60.8
-

See footnotes at end o f table.
*
T ransportation (excluding r a ilro a d s ), com m u n ica tion , and other public u tilitie s.




.4

69
T a b le B-4*.

P a id V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P ro v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d

Percent of office workers employed in Vacation policy

All w o rk e r s.............. ...................................................

All
industries 1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Percent of plant workers employed in -

Retail trade

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

10‘0. 0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

9 9 .4
9 9 .4
4 .9
.5
55.4
.1
30. 1
8 .4
-

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
4 .2
48. 2
.
2 4 .0
2 3 .4

100.0
100.0
.8
29.7
69.5
-

96. 8
9 6 .8
14.9
2 .3
68. 5
1. 0
9 .2
.9

90 .5
8 7.5
13.4
.4
44.1
2 .3
2 4 .6
2 .7
3 .0

9 0 .8
84. 5
10.5
4 4 .7
2 6 .4
2 .9
6 .3
1.1
3.3
1.9

92.9
9 2.9
14.3
17.5
7 .2
53.9

9 0 .8
90.8
20.9

-

55.7
5 .2
6. 1
2 .9
-

9 .2

7.1

9 .2

After 25 years of service
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations ......................................... ..
Length-of-time payment ................................
1 week ................... .............................................
Over 1 and under 2 weeks .........................
2 weeks ..............................................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks .............
3 weeks .............................. ................... ..
4 weeks and o v e r ...........................................
Percentage payment3 .........................................
2 percent .....................................................
Over 4 and under 6 percent . . . . . . . . . . .
6 percent and o v e r ........................................
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations .............................. ..
1
2
3
*

-

-

.6

.2

-

3.2

-

1 .6
9 .5

.5
.9

-

-

Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately,
Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Percent of annual earnings.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.

Table B-5:

Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
Percent of plant workers employed in -

Percent of office workers employed in Type of plan

All w o rk e r s..................................................................
Workers in establishments providing:
Life in su ran ce.............. .......................... .............
Accidental death and dismemberment
insurance ..............................................................
Sickness and accident in su ra n ce ..................
Sick leave (full pay and no waiting
period) ..................................................................
Sick leave (partial pay or waiting
period) ..................................................................
Hospitalization in su ra n ce .........................
Surgical insurance .............................................
Medical insurance ......................... ...................
Catastrophe in su ra n ce ......................................
Retirement pension ...........................................
Health, insurance, or pension plan not
listed a b o v e .........................................................
No health, insurance, or pension plan . . . .

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100.0

90. 1

8 7 .2

97.9

78. 3

7 3.9

73. 6

82.5

69. 2

31. 8
28. 4

4 7 .2
4 3 .4

18.0
2 1.7

2 4 .8
30.7

2 0 .8
43 .9

19. 1
63.7

12.4
14.0

25. 6
30.1

20. 3

2 7 .4

6 .8

15. 6

5 .8

2 .4

3. 1

8 .0

10.5
52.4
39.1
13. 6
1.8
52. 1

6. 1
63 .8
63. 5
12.7

27.1
4 9 .4
35.7
2 .5

4 3 .7

7 9 .4

2. 2
3 7 .2
2 9 .7
2 7 .2
23. 3

9 .9
4 5 .4
3 9 .4
14 .4
29. 8

3 .8
5 5 .2
51. 1
9 .8
2 5 .4

3 0.0
25.5
20.0
5 .8
60.7

4 .9
38.0
30.8
23.2
23.9

6.7

9 .0

2.1

21. 7

21.9

All
industries 1
100.0

Manufacturing

-

-

_

_

19. 8

Retail trade
100.0

_
17.5

30. 8

1 Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Occupational Wage Survey, New Orleans, La. , November 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics




70

Table B-6:

Overtime Pay Practices

Percent of office workers employed in Overtime policy

All w o rk e r s..................................................................

All
industries 1

Percent of plant workers employed in -

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

3 0.6
28. 5
9 .2
19.3
2. 1

42 .0
39.8
.5
39.3
2 .2

36*. 6
35.9
29.1
6. 8
_
.7

6 9.4

58.0

94.1
77 .8
7. 6
69.3

9 7.5
95.3
95.3
-

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

70. 1
61 .4
6 1 .4
_
6 .9
1 .8

77.0
70. 6

_
4. 5

57.5
52 .4
1. 6
50.4
.4
3 .3
1.8

67. 8
2. 8
6 .4

23 .9
23 .9
7. 2
16.7
_
_
-

63.4

61.2

42. 5

2 9.9

23 .0

76. 1

98.7
8 2.6
29.1
52. 8

82.0
77. 6
73. 1
4 .5
3. 6
.8

95. 1
87 .7
86 .2
1 .5
7 .4
-

9 2 .2
9 2 .0
8 6 .2
5. 8
-

2.2

16. 1

71.9
61. 0
2.9
53.7
4 .4
10.9

.2

45 .9
4 2 .4
3 8 .2
4 .2
3. 5

2 .5

1.3

28. 1

18.0

4 .9

7 .8

54. 1

Daily overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium pay ........................................... ...............
Time and one-half ..............................................
Effective after less than 8 hours . . . . . .
Effective after 8 hours ..............................
Effective after more than 8 h o u r s ..........
Double time ...........................................................
Other 3 .......................................................................
Workers in establishments providing no
premium pay or having no p o lic y .....................

-

38.
34.
13.
21.

8
3
0
3

-

-

Weekly overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium pay .................................................. ..
Time and one-half ..............................................
Effective after less than 40 h o u r s .........
Effective after 40 h o u rs ..............................
Effective after more than 40 hours . . . .
Double time ...........................................................
Other 3 .................. ........................................ ...........
Workers in establishments providing no
premium pay or having no p o lic y .....................
1
2
3
*

.9

16.3
5.9

.7

Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes provisions for a specified number of overtime hours at either (l) no pay. (2) regular rate, or (3) a premium race; and premium pay at another rate thereafter.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.

Table B-7:

Rate ofr Pay fo r Holiday W ork
Percent of plant workers employed in -

Percent of office workers employed in Pay provision

All workers ................................................................
Workers in establishments with pay
provisions for work on paid holidays 3 .........
Regular rate o n l y ..............................................
Time and one-half ...........................................
Double time .........................................................
Double time and one-half ..............................
Triple time .........................................................
Equal time o f f .................................. ..
Workers in establishments with no
formal policy .................................................. ..
Workers in establishments with no
paid holidays .........................................................

All
industries 1
100. 0

43. 8

-

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

57.4

54.6

9. 1

-

-

Retail trade

-

13. 8
15. 6
10. 6

21.2
18. 0
2. 8

8.9
24. 2
21.5

2.9
6.2

-

-

-

-

3.8

15.4

55.2

39.1

45.0

90.4

1.0

3.5

.4

.5

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100.0

100 .0

100.0

100 . 0

48. 6

61.9

63.4

9.2

5.8
31.2
9.4
2.1
.1
23. 1
28.3

.5
46.5
11.3
3.5
.1
6.9
31.2

Retail trade

-

-

7. 6
32. 1
20.7
3.0

2.9
6. 3

-

-

2. 1
34.5

-

68. 8
22. 0

1 Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Includes holiday pay and rate for work on paid holiday.
Occupational Wage Survey, New Orleans, L a ., November 1953
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics




71

Table B-8:

Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
Percent of office workers employed in

Item

AH
industries 1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Percent of plant workers employed in ■
Retail trade

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

WAGE STRUCTURE FOR TIM E-RATED
WORKERS3
All w o rk e r s .....................................................................

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

Formal rate structure ..............................................
Single r a t e ................................................................
Range of rates ........................................................
Individual rates ............................................................

62
(4)
62
38

64

82
1
81
18

37

64
36

37
63

83
57
26
17

89
73
16
11

97
49
48
3

64
30
34
36

100

100

100

100

83
17
10
1
6

80
20
16
3
1

92
8
4

73
27
4

4

23

49

63

88

9

-

-

METHOD OF WAGE PAYMENT FOR
PLANT WORKERS
All workers . ............ ......................................................

DATA

NOT

COLLECTED

Time workers .............................................. ................
Incentive workers ................................................... ..
Piece work ............................................................ ..
Bonus work ..............................................................
Commission ..................................... ..

-

-

LABOR-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS 5
Workers in establishments with agreements
covering a majority of such workers ..............

2

27

1 Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Estimates for office workers are based on total office employment, whereas estimates for plant workers are based on time-rated employees only.
4 Less than 0 .5 percent.
5 Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category. The estimates so ob
tained are not necessarily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by provisions of the labor-management agreements due to the exclusion of sm aller-size establish
ments.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




Occupational Wage Survey, New Orleans, La. , November 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics




73
P H IL A D E L P H IA ,

P h ila d elp h ia m a n u fa ctu rin g is h igh ly d iv e r s ifie d with su b
stan tial n u m b ers o f w o r k e r s em p loy ed in the m eta lw ork in g , e l e c 
t r o n ic s , te x tile , a p p a r e l, fo o d - p r o c e s s in g , o il, c h e m ic a l, and
p rin tin g and p u b lish in g in d u s tr ie s .
The im p ortan ce o f the a r e a Js
fa c t o r ie s is m a tch ed by its s ig n ific a n ce as a cen ter o f v a rie d tra d e
and c o m m e r c ia l a c t iv it ie s . The s e r v ic e s , tra n sp orta tion and p u b lic
u tilitie s grou p s a r e a ls o h e a v ily re p re se n te d in te r m s o f total
n on m an u factu rin g e m p lo y m e n t.
T h is y e a r ^ annual study p re s e n ts
data f r o m 323 e s ta b lis h m e n ts em p loyin g o v e r 3 50 ,00 0 w o r k e r s - s e le c te d to r e p r e s e n t o v e r 1 ,5 0 0 estab lish m en ts e m p lo y in g o v e r
600,000 w o r k e r s in 6 m a jo r in d u stry grou pin gs (see ta ble fo llo w in g ).
W age S tru ctu re
M ost plant (n o n o ffic e ) w o r k e r s in Philadelphia in d u strie s
w e r e p aid on the b a s is o f tim e r a te s , as distingu ish ed fr o m in cen tiv e
m eth od s o f p ay.
F o r e v e r y sev en w o r k e r s paid tim e ra te s th re e
w o rk e d on an in ce n tiv e b a s is . The tim e -r a t e d w o r k e r s c o m p r is e d
fiv e -e ig h th s o f the p la n t-w o r k e r em p loym en t in m an ufactu rin g in 
d u s tr ie s , th r e e -fo u r th s in re ta il trad e and s e r v ic e s e sta b lish m e n ts,
and n in e -te n th s o r m o r e in the p u b lic u tilitie s and w h o le sa le trad e
g ro u p in g s .
E m p lo y e r s o f m o s t o f the tim e w o r k e r s had fo r m a l w age
s tru c tu re s that p r o v id e d an e s ta b lis h e d rate o r range o f ra tes fo r
ea ch jo b c la s s ific a t io n . F e w e r than an eighth of the tim e w o r k e r s
w e r e in e sta b lis h m e n ts with in fo rm a l s tru c tu re s ,, under w h ich tim e
ra te s w e r e d e te rm in e d f o r ea ch w o r k e r individually on the b a s is o f
h is p e r s o n a l q u a lific a tio n s .
A lthough w o r k e r s under s in g le -r a te
s y s te m s ou tn u m bered th o s e un der rate ra n g es, they did not e x c e e d
th re e - fifth s o f the tim e w o r k e r s in any indu stry grou p ex ce p t
s e r v i c e s . F o r m a l w age s tru c tu re s co v e re d tw o-th ird s o f the o ffic e
w o r k e r s and in n e a r ly a ll c a s e s p rov id ed a range o f ra te s fo r ea ch
jo b c a te g o r y .
In cen tive m eth od s o f pay fo r plant w o rk e rs w e r e r e p o r te d
in 2 out o f e v e r y 5 esta b lish m e n ts studied, and w ere u se d to som e
extent in 2 out o f e v e r y 3 o f the m anufacturing and r e ta il trad e
e s ta b lis h m e n ts.
In cen tive s y s te m s w ere p a r tic u la rly p re v a le n t in
te x tile , a p p a re l, and m eta lw ork in g in d u stries; departm ent s to r e s ;
ta x ica b co m p a n ie s ; and lau n dry and d ry cleanin g s e r v ic e s . Individual
p ie c e -r a t e s y s te m s w e re m o s t w id ely used am ong m an ufactu rin g
esta b lish m en ts that had in c e n tiv e s . Group p ie c e w o rk and p ro d u ctio n
bonus s y s te m s w e r e the c h ie f types of in cen tive in a m in o rity o f
the m a n u fa ctu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts . P aym ent on a c o m m is s io n b a s is
w as r e p o r te d in 27 o f the 38 nonm anufacturing estab lish m en ts w h ich
u sed in cen tiv e m eth od s o f p ay.
R e la tiv e ly few e sta b lish m en ts had wage s tru ctu re s w hich
m ade p r o v is io n fo r la b o r - g r a d e sy stem s o f c la s s ify in g jo b c a te g o r ie s
into grou p s w ithin a s e r i e s o f rate step s.
O f 323 e sta b lish m en ts
stu died, la b o r -g r a d e s y s te m s c o v e r e d o ffic e jo b s in 45 e s ta b lis h 



OCTOBER

1953

m en ts, and plant jo b s in 34.
The s y s te m s w e r e re p o rte d m ost
fre q u e n tly in banking and in su ra n ce e sta b lish m e n ts and in a v a riety
o f m an ufactu rin g in d u s trie s, c h ie fly in m e ta lw o rk in g .
The use of
la b o r -g r a d e s y s te m s was r e la tiv e ly m o r e freq u en t am ong e s ta b lis h 
m en ts using r a te -r a n g e s as again st sin gle r a te s . L ittle u n iform ity
w as found in the n u m ber o f la b o r g ra d e s in u s e .
O ccu p ation al P a y L e v e ls
W om en s e c r e t a r ie s , g e n e ra l s te n o g ra p h e rs , and routine
co p y ty p ists (c la s s B) a v e ra g e d $ 6 5 .5 0 , $53, and $ 4 3 .5 0 p e r w eek
in O c to b e r 1953 as co m p a re d w ith $61, $49, and $40 r e s p e c tiv e ly ,
in O c to b e r 1952, the date o f an e a r lie r s u rv e y by the B ureau in
P h ila d elp h ia .
S tra ig h t-tim e a v e ra g e h o u rly ea rn in g s f o r the sk illed m a in 
ten ance jo b s studied ran ged fr o m $ 1 .9 3 fo r a utom otive m ech a n ics
to $ 2 .3 3 f o r t o o l-a n d -d ie m a k e r s . A v e r a g e s f o r ca rp e n te r s , m a in 
ten ance m a ch in is ts, and p ip e fitte r s w e re c lo s e ly grou ped at the
$ 2 .2 0 - $ 2 .2 2 le v e l. M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a to r s w orkin g in to o lr o o m s ,
m ain ten ance m e c h a n ic s , m illw rig h ts , and sheet - m etal w o rk e rs
a v e ra g e d betw een $ 2 .0 6 and $ 2 .0 9 .
A m on g the n u m e rica lly m ost
im portan t m en 1s plant jo b s studied w e re d r iv e r s o f m e d iu m -s iz e
tr u c k s ($ 1 .8 3 ) , m ain ten ance tr a d e s h e lp e rs ($ 1 .7 7 ) , o r d e r f ille r s
( $ 1 .5 2 ) , m a te ria l-h a n d lin g la b o r e r s ( $ 1 .4 7 ) , ja n ito r s ( $ 1 .3 2 ), and
w atch m en ($ 1 .3 1 ) . P a y le v e ls in 1953 w e r e g e n e ra lly h igher than
in 1952 with in c r e a s e s o f betw een 11 and 16 cen ts found fo r m ost
sk ille d m aintenance jo b s , w h e re a s on the a v e ra g e , m ost jo b s of
l e s s e r s k ill gained on ly 4 to 11 cen ts in h o u rly ea rn in g s.
A v e r a g e pay le v e ls in m an ufactu rin g .w e re h ig h er, in 4 out
o f e v e r y 5 s im ila r jo b s studied, than in the nonm anufacturing in 
d u s tr ie s .
F o r e x a m p le , s e c r e t a r ie s and ste n o g ra p h e rs a vera ged
$ 6 9 .5 0 and $55 in m an u factu rin g and $ 6 1 .5 0 and $ 5 0 .5 0 in nonm a n u fa ctu rin g.
E arn in gs in m an ufactu rin g e x c e e d e d th ose in non
m an ufactu rin g in n e a rly a ll plant jo b s studied.
The gre a te st
d iffe r e n c e s (e x ce e d in g 25 cen ts an h ou r) w e r e found in the guard,
r e c e iv in g c le r k , and shipping p a c k e r c a t e g o r ie s .
Jobs in which
the h igh er ea rn in gs le v e l was r e c o r d e d in nonm anufacturing inclu ded
c a r p e n te r s , p ip e fitte r s , and d r iv e r s o f t r a ile r tr u c k s.
C o s t -o f-L iv in g and Annual Im p ro v e m e n t A dju stm en ts
O f the 323 esta b lish m e n ts studied, 23 in m anufacturing,
and 1 ea ch in p u b lic u tilitie s , w h o le sa le tra d e , re ta il tra d e, and
the fin an ce grou p s r e p o r te d a p p lica b le p r o v is io n s fo r p e r io d ic c o s t o f-liv in g a d ju stm en ts. In 5 in s ta n ce s , th ese adjustm ent p ro v is io n s
app lied on ly to o ffic e w o r k e r s , in 12 to plant w o r k e r s , and in 10
(m an u factu ring) e sta b lis h m e n ts, to both g ro u p s . Annual im p rovem en t
(p ro d u ctiv ity ) a dju stm en ts w e r e a ls o p ro v id e d to both grou ps in 3 of
the 10 m an ufactu rin g esta b lish m e n ts and to plant w o r k e r s in one
oth e r m an ufactu rin g e s ta b lish m e n t.

74
Labor-Management Agreements

Overtime Pay

F o u r -fifth s o f the plant w o r k e r s in the in d u stry and e s ta b 
lis h m e n t-s iz e grou p s c o v e r e d by the su rv ey in P h ila d elp h ia w e re
em p loy ed in e sta b lish m en ts having la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts in
e ffe ct co v e rin g a m a jo r ity o f the plant w o r k e r s . H ighest p r o p o r tio n s
o f plant - w o r k e r c o v e r a g e w e r e found in m an u factu rin g, p u b lic
u tilitie s, and the s e r v ic e in d u s tr ie s . A sixth o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s
w ere in esta b lish m en ts with a g re e m e n ts co v e rin g a m a jo r ity o f such
w o r k e r s . T w o -th ir d s o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s in p u b lic u tilitie s w e re
so co v e r e d .

N e a rly a ll w o r k e r s w e r e e m p lo y e d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w h ich
p r o v id e d p re m iu m ra tes o f p a y fo r w o rk p e r fo r m e d in e x c e s s o f
re g u la r w eekly w ork sch e d u le s . Such p re m iu m ra te s w e r e a lm o s t
a lw a ys one and o n e -h a lf tim e s the ’ ’r e g u la r ra te, " f o r w ork a fte r
40 h o u rs in the w orkw eek. T h is p re m iu m ra te w as p r o v id e d a fte r
fe w e r than 40 h ou rs by e m p lo y e r s o f a seven th o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s .
E m p lo y e r s o f th r e e -fo u r th s the plant w o r k e r s and h a lf the o ffic e
w o r k e r s p ro v id e d p re m iu m ra te s o f p ay a fte r a s p e c ifie d n u m ber
o f h o u rs p er day.
T h e se r a te s , to o , w e r e a lm o s t alw ays one and
o n e -h a lf tim e s the " r e g u la r r a te " fo r w o r k beyon d 8 h o u r s , and
w e r e p ro v id e d by e m p lo y e r s o f an eighth o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s
a fte r le s s than 8 h o u rs.

W ork S ch ed u les

Shift O perations
The m o s t co m m o n ly sch ed u led w ork w eek fo r both plant and
o ffic e w o r k e r s during O cto b e r 1953 w as 40 h o u rs . An eighth o f the
plant w o r k e r s w ork ed lo n g e r h o u rs , a s m a lle r num ber w o rk e d fe w e r
h o u rs.
V irtu a lly a ll o ffic e w o r k e r s w ere on sch e d u le s ranging
betw een 35 and 40 h ou rs a w eek . A m a jo r ity o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s
in m an ufactu rin g, w h olesa le tra d e, and r e ta il trad e w o rk e d -40 h o u rs
w h ereas m ost o ffic e w o r k e r s in the p u b lic u tilitie s , fin a n ce , and
s e r v ic e in d u strie s w e re on sch ed u les o f 3772 h ou rs o r l e s s .

A fifth o f the plant la b o r f o r c e in m a n u fa ctu rin g w as e m 
p lo y e d on extra shifts at the tim e o f the study.
N e a r ly a ll shift
w o r k e r s w ere paid a p re m iu m w hen w o rk in g on s e co n d o r la te r
s h ifts . S e co n d -sh ift d iffe r e n tia ls (o v e r f i r s t - s h if t r a te s ) w e re m o s t
co m m o n ly 5 o r 6 cen ts when p r o v id e d on a c e n t s - p e r -h o u r b a s is
and 10 p e rce n t when p ro v id e d in p e rc e n ta g e f o r m .
D iffe r e n tia ls
paid w o rk e rs on la te r sh ifts v a rie d m o r e am on g p la n ts.

Establishments and Workers Within Scope of Survey and Number Studied in Philadelphia, Pa. , 1 by Major Industry Division,

Workers

Number of establishments
Industry division

Minimum -size
establishment
in scope of
study 2

Studied

Studied

Within
scope of
study

Total

Office

1, 519

323

604,500

355,650

62, 560

101
“

763
756

140
183

376,100
228,400

211, 630
144,020

28,070
34, 490

101
51
101
51
51

82
212
105
170
187

29
36
34
46
38

60,000
30,700
70,400
42,800
24,500

49,960
7, 560
54, 860
23,960
7, 680

8, 730
2,430
6, 500
15, 830
1,000

All divisions ..................................................................................................
Manufacturing................................................................................................
Nonmanufacturing.........................................................................................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public utilities .............................
Wholesale trade . . .................................................................................
Retail trade, except limited-price variety stores ................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ..........................................
Services3 ..................................................................................................

Within
scope of
study

October 1953

1 Philadelphia Area (Philadelphia and Delaware Counties, P a ., and Camden County, N. J .).
2 Total establishment employment.
For wage study purposes, all outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and
motion-picture theaters are considered as one establishment.
3 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engi
neering and architectural services.*




75

P a id H olida ys
A lm o s t a ll w o r k e r s in P h iladelp h ia w e re p ro v id e d 6 o r
m o r e fu ll-d a y paid h o lid a y s a y e a r .
T h r e e -fo u rth s o f the plant
w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d eith e r 6 o r 7, and h alf o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s
w e r e paid fo r 8 or m o r e h o lid a y s .
The m o s t lib e r a l p r o v is io n s
w e r e noted in the fin a n ce grou p in w hich th re e -fifth s o f the o ffic e
w o r k e r s w e re p r o v id e d 13 p aid h o lid a y s .
P r o v is io n s f o r pay fo r
w o rk p e r fo r m e d on th ese days w e re m ade by esta b lish m en ts e m 
p lo y in g n in e-ten th s o f the plant w o r k e r s and th re e -fo u rth s o f the
o f fic e w o r k e r s .
D ou b le tim e (including h olid ay pay) w as the m o s t
co m m o n p r o v is io n , fo llo w e d c l o s e ly by p ro v is io n s fo r double tim e
and o n e -h a lf.
P a id V a ca tion s
A ll o f fic e w o r k e r s and virtu a lly a ll plant w o r k e r s w e re
e m p lo y e d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts having fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r paid
v a ca tio n s .
E m p lo y e r s o f a fifth o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s p ro v id e d
a week*s pay to th o s e with a y ea r*s s e r v ic e ; a ll other e m p lo y e r s
p ro v id e d 2 weeks* p ay to o f fic e w o r k e r s so q u a lified .
F o r a lik e
p e r io d o f s e r v ic e , fo u r -fift h s o f a ll plant w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d a week*s
pay (o r an eq u iva len t 2 p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in g s), and a fifth




w e r e gran ted 2 weeks* p ay.
V irtu a lly a ll 5 -y e a r w o r k e r s w ere
q u a lified to r e c e iv e 2 w e e k s 1 pay o r m o r e .
T h r e e -fifth s o f the
o ffic e w o r k e r s a re e lig ib le fo r 3 weeks* p ay, and another fifth fo r
4 weeks* pay upon co m p le tin g 25 years* s e r v i c e .
In co m p a riso n ,
th re e -te n th s o f the plant w o r k e r s with s im ila r s e r v ic e a re elig ib le
fo r 2 weeks* p ay, h a lf w ould r e c e iv e 3 w e e k s, and m o st o f the
re m a in d e r m o r e than 3 w e e k s .
The p e rc e n ta g e m ethod o f d e te r 
m ining va ca tion pay, a p p lica b le to a fou rth o f a ll plant w o rk e rs in
P h ila d elp h ia , w as en cou n tered on ly in the m an ufactu rin g in d u strie s.
H ealth,

In su ra n ce,

and P e n s io n P lan s

M o r e than n in e-ten th s o f the plant w o r k e r s and a lm o st a ll
o f the o ffic e w o r k e r s w ere in e sta b lish m e n ts w hich paid w holly or
in p a rt fo r one o r m o r e fo r m s o f e m p lo y e e health, in su ra n ce , or
p e n sio n p la n s.
L ife in su ra n ce w as p r o v id e d to n in e-ten th s o f the
plant and o ffic e w o r k e r s and p e n sio n plan s w e re in e ffe c t in e sta b 
lis h m e n ts that a ccou n ted fo r th r e e -fo u r th s o f the o ffic e and th r e e fifth s o f the plant w o r k e r s . At le a s t h alf o f the o f fic e w o r k e r s and
s e v e n -te n th s of the plant w o r k e r s w e r e p ro v id e d h osp ita liza tio n and
s u r g ic a l in s u ra n ce . S ick n e ss and a ccid e n t in su ra n ce was available
to th r e e -fo u r th s o f the plant w o r k e r s , and slig h tly l e s s than h alf of
the o ffic e w o r k e r s .
Sick le a v e plans c o v e r e d n e a rly half o f the
o ffic e w o r k e r s but a m u ch s m a lle r p r o p o r tio n o f the plant w o r k e r s .

76

A: Occupational Earnings

Table A-1: Office Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Philadelphia, Pa. , by industry division, October 1953)
A
verage
S e x , occup ation , and in d u stry d iv ision

Number
of
w
orkers

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
W
eekly
W
eekly Under l o . 00 J 2 . 50 I 5 . 00 17. 50 l o . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50 5 5 .0 0 57. 50 6 0 .0 0 6 2 . 50 6 5 . 00 67. 50 70. 00 75. 00 $
80. 00 $
85. 00 $
90. 00
hours
earnings
and
and
(Standard) (Standard)
under
fo .o o
3 2 . 50 3 5 . 00 37. 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 5 0 . 00 52. 50 5 5 .0 0 57. 50 6 0 . 00 62. 50 6 5 . 00 67. 50 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 9 0 . 00 o v e r

Men
C le r k s , accou n tin g , c la s s A . . . . . . . . .
M a n u fa ctu rin g ...............................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * ............. ..
W h olesale tra d e .................................
F in a n c e * * ................................................

678
351
327
45
120
106

39. 0
39. 5
38. 0
3 9 .0
39. 0
37. 5

$
7 5 .0 0
75. 50
75. 00
77. 50
8 1 .0 0
74. 00

-

-

-

“

-

-

“

“

7
7
5
2

11
9
2
2

15
3
12
2
“

39
18
21
1
3

23
12
11
2
2
5

36
18
18
1
10
2

36
13
23
13

63
39
24
1
18
3

50
31
19
7
6
6

85
63
22
17

54
28
26
2
10
11

95
23
72
21
20
30

C le r k s , accou n tin g , c l a s s B ............... ..
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
W h olesale tra d e .................................

272
90
182
40
74

3 9 .0
3 9 .0
38. 5
3 9 .0
39. 5

60. 50
58. 50
61. 50
7 0 .0 0
64. 50

-

-

_
“

4
4
-

2
2
2
-

19
5
14
4

3
3
“

22
14
8
-

7
2
5
1
-

32
7
25
3
10

13
4
9
6

16
16
2
9

20
5
15
3
2

21
18
3
1

22
11
11
9

5
4
1
-

10
1
9
1
8

29
7
22
10
12

17
5
12
2
3

-2 3 3
20
16
4

2

_

9

1

13

11

5

9

1

1

2

_

1

1

_

43
19
24
4
13
7

2 121
75
46
4
36
5

4
1
3
3

3

_

_

3
3

C le r k s , f ile , c l a s s A ...................................

56

39. 5

54. 00

C le r k s , f ile , c l a s s B ...................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
F in a n c e * * ................................................

80
72
64

37. 5
37. 5
37. 0

36. 50
35. 50
34. 00

-

33
33
28

9
9
9

12
12
12

9
9
9

6
2
2

2
2
2

1
1
1

3
1
1

1
-

-

-

“

-

■

2
2
"

-

1
1
-

-

“

-

-

C le r k s , o r d e r ....................................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
W h olesale tra d e .................................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ........................................

650
230
420
326
68

39. 0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0

68.
68.
68.
68.
70.

-

-

-

-

-

13
7
6
6
“

-

9
9
-

_
"

17
17
8
-

18
18
14
“

30
7
23
20
3

53
7
46
46
-

65
10
55
47
8

101
63
38
31
7

58
52
6
2
4

36
4
32
27
5

63
36
27
12
15

84
11
73
52
17

43
14
29
21
8

31
3
28
28
"

29
16
13
12
1

C le r k s , p a y ro ll ................................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................

38. 5
189
156" 1 38. 5

68. 50
66. 66

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

8

-

-

-

-

-

“

4
-

10

-

3
2

3
3

5
3

35
31

3
3

15
15

10
lb

38
35

27
19

9
9

7
2

12
7

O ffice b o v s .........................................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .........................
R e ta il trad e 3 ........................................
F in a n c e * * ........................................
S e r v ic e s ..................................................

758
399
359
37
59
158
56

38. 5
39. 5
37. 5
3 8 .0
3 9 .5
36. 0
39. 0

39.
41.
37.
40.
39.
36.
34.

_
-

69
20
49
30
19

124
47
77
3
2
45
22

191
101
90
15
19
41
6

67
37
30
4
11
5
3

114
68
46
4
23
10
3

38
22
16
2
2
7
3

51
24
27
3
13
“

37
26
11
1
1
-

28
23
5
4
1
-

18
13
5
1
4
“

3
1
2
2
-

11

_
“

_
-

7
7
~

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

"

-

T a b u la tin g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s ...............
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
F in a n c e * * ................................................

470
”'2Z'5~
245
29
130

38. 5

-

_
-

_
-

1
1
1

2
2
1

7
7
6

1
1
1

19
6
13
1
11

9
9
9

33
18
15
15

21
1
20
18

34
15
19
1
9

21

3 8 .0
38. 5
37. 0

6 5 .0 0
6 7 .0 0 "
63. 50
7 0 .0 0
57. 50

6
15
12

56
31
25
13

28
10
18
6
11

54
32
22
4
8

29
22
7
1
1

50
35
15
3
2

59
25
34
12
8

18
15
3
1
-

13
7
6
-

15
2
13
4

37.
37.
37.
39.

50. 50
5 0 .0 0
50. 50
4 6 . 00

_
23
- — r~
17
10

1
1

28
9
19
10

41
19
22,
1

103
49
54
21

117
56
61
13

75
46
29
3

40
22
18
15

34
11
23
2

24
5
19

81
20
61

_
-

6
6
-

1
1
-

2
2
-

4
2
2

_
-

-

_
-

~ w

r r ~

00
50
00
50
50

00
00
50
00
00
00
50

1
|
|

16 ------ 5“

.

j

10
1
1

~

W omen
B i l l e r s , m achine (b illin g m a c h i n e ) ....
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................
N onm anufacturing ...................................
S e r v i c e s ..................................................

580
254
326
75

5
5
0
5

_

_

-

-

-

-

See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, Pa. , October 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

77
T a b le A - l :

O f f i c e O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n t in u e d

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Philadelphia, Pa. , by industry division, October 1953)
A
verage
S e x , o ccu p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv isio n

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Number

of

workers

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
s
Under 30. 00 32. 50 35. 00 37. 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 5 0 .0 0 52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 60. 00 6 2 . 50 6 5 . 00 6 7 . 50 70. 00 75. 00 $
80. 00 85. 00 90. 00
and
$
"
’ and
under
3 0 .0 0
32, 50 35. 00 37. 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50 5 5 .0 0 57. 50 6 0 .0 0 62. 50 6 5 . 00 67. 50 7 0 .0 0 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 o v er

W om en - C ontinued
B i l l e r s , m a ch in e (bookkeeping
m a c h i n e ) ........................................... ..............
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................
N onm an ufacturin g ........................................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ......................................

206
72
134
111

B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ,
c l a s s A .............................................................
M an u factu rin g .................... .........................
N on m an ufacturin g ........................................

298
187
111

B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ,
c l a s s B .........................................................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................
N on m an ufacturin g .................. ...............
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * ...............................
W h o le sa le tra d e .....................................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ..............................................
F in a n c e * * ..............................................

•

39.
40.
39.
39.

5
0
0
5

$
49.
58.
44.
45.

00
00
50
00

-

-

3

-

-

-

-

-

3

-

-

“

-

-

3 8 .0
38. 0
38. 5

6 2 .0 0
65. 50
56. 50

-

1, 888
315
1, 573
26
244
171
1, 115

38.
39.
38.
38.
39.
39.
38.

47. 00
51. 50
4 6 . 00
58. 00
5 1 .0 0
4 8 . 00
4 4 .0 0

-

C le r k s , acco u n tin g , c l a s s A ..................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................
N on m an ufacturin g .................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * ...............................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ............................ ..
F in a n c e * * .............................................

1, 076
491
585
40
209
253

37. 5
38. 5
37. 0
3 3 .0
39. 0
34. 5

5 7 .0 0
59. 50
55. 00
64. 50
54. 50
52. 50

-

-

1 ,9 3 1
1 ,3 7 1
98
225
602
405

38.
56.
38.
39.
39.
39.
37.

5
5
5
0
0
5
0

50.
56,
47.
58.
53.
45.
43.

-

33
33
6
21
6

65
65
1

C le r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A ........................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ....................................................
N onm an ufacturin g .................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * ...............................
W h o le sa le tra d e ...............................
F in a n c e * * ..............................................

737
246
491
30
71
220

37.
39.
37.
36.
39.
36.

5
0
0
5
5
0

50. 50
5 2 .0 0
4 9 . 50
53. 00
52. 50
4 8 . 50

C le r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B ........................................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ....................................................
N onm anufacturing ........................................
W h o le sa le tra d e ...............................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ......................................
F in a n c e * * . ...........................................

2, 192
501
1 ,6 9 1
228
235
959

C le r k s , o r d e r ...................................................
'M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................
N onm an ufacturin g .................................
W h o le sa le tra d e ...............................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ......................................

717
323
394
132
188-

00
00
00
50
50
50
50

3 8 .0
39. 5
37. 5
39. 5
39. 5
37. 0

39.
44.
38.
42.
37.
36.

39.
38.
39.
39.
39.

47. 00
51. 00
4 3 . 50
45. 50
4 1 .0 0

0
5
5
5
5

50
00
00
50
00
50

“

-

-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

|

62
10
52
6
3
43

-

-

-

-

-

3

3

-

-

3
1
2

43
21
22

17
15
2

17
8
9

13
5
8

62
47
15

20
4
16

-

35
32
3

13
13

"

13
3
10

18
18

3

18
1
17

19
19

3

"

-

341
16
325

228
14
214

244
28
216

209
44
165
2
51
13
99

240
55
185
8
63
23
77

119
20
99

46
21
25
2
6
9
8

19
7
12

5
2
3

2
2

-

-

-

32
13
54

139
80
59
1
19
16
20

5
3
4

2
1
-

69
18
51

109
53
56

123
67
56
9
12
24

95
50
45
3
17
24

128
46
82
1
41
10

92
73
19
6
5
8

48
22
26
3
16
5

42
20
22

143
13
130
-

_

1

-

_

-

_

-

1 i
_
-

_

-

_

_
-

74
49
25
10
8
4

18
13
5
3

18
12

-

-

-

1
_
2

40
17
23
6
12
5

33
20
13
9
2
2

58
56
2
2

22
20
2
2

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

7
1
6

1

_

242
62
180
5
33
72
67

153
29
124
5
20
60
37

204
78
126
9
14
60
29

101
43
58
6
41
10

121
21
100
13
35
35
10

39
6
33
8
5
10
10

37
18
19
3
3
13

11
4
7
4
1
2

20
14
6
3
1
2

27
14
13
6
7

-

-

-

-

53
4
49
8
26
9
6

62
11
51
4
6
35

65
28
37
1

120
40
80
6
7
41

136
10
126
2
28
17

103
35
68
4
2
36

48
14
34
3
7
12

37
18
19
2
2
12

45
31
14
1
6
4

42
22
20
1
8
11

10
5
5
1
1
3

14
8
6
1

3
3
-

12
7
5
4

2
-

-

-

-

-

2

-

1

2

4
2

6
1
5
1
-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

-

-*
-

-

11

6

See footnotes at end o f tab le.
* T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public utilities,
** F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and re a l estate.

1
_

-

201
73
128
4
14
47
62

-

62
1
61
32
29

_
_

213

-

29
29
29

_
_
-

26
26

-

19
19
19

7 "
i

20
12
4
4

9
38

-

247
4
52
175

27
r

12
32

2
9

-

222
13
169

-

34
25
1
14
10

_

i

-

-

413
25
388
18
89
213

-

-

-

-

-

_

-

38
3
35
1
7
27

-

-

-

101
45
56
1
16
24

8
2
6
-

2
2
"

-

57
13
44

19
8
11
-

-

-

-

43
4
39
1
29
9

3
3
-

-

_
_

-

3

11
11

-

-

_
_

-

-

18

10
25
181

68
58

247

_
_

-

-

6

7
9
198

-

222

_
_

-

-

16
25
284

42
22

2

8
8

-

29

6
19
138

_
-

1




-

115
10
105
1
14
42
39

-

_
_

-

165
2
163

2
5

_

9
9

-

1

-

_
-

14
12
2
2

6
6

3
3

1

-

-

29
7
22
22

-

7

-

10
5
5
4

-

-

-

20
15
5
5

_

-

-

13
10
3
3

29
26

-

"

7
-

-

18
12

9
9
9

_

-

C le r k s , acco u n tin g , c l a s s B ......................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ...........................................
N on m an ufacturin g .................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * ...............................
W h o le sa le tra d e ...............................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ..............................................
F i n a n c e * * ......................................................

5
0
5
5
0
5
0 j

-

-

6
5

29
29
20

58
155
13
22
71
49

-

-

24

-

491
82
409
57
33
242

293
125
168
37
25
100

185
79
106
45
3
43

128
53
75
37
5
13

85
47
38
20
12
1

37
33
4
1
1

37
25
12
6
2

24
22
2
-

16
6
10
2
-

3
1
2
-

3
2
1
1
-

99
39
60
28
32

68
35

80
46
34
12
4

151
67
84
20
46

23

63
46
17
1

6
5
1
1

10
6

6
5
1
1

17
8
9
9

11
10
1

33
4

11

7

16
15
1

4

4

18
7

{

4
4

-

-

5
11

-

1
1
-

2
_

I
1

6
4

.

-

1
-

1
1

-

.

9
3
6

-

1

-

-

-

1

-

_

44

_

_

-

30
14
10

-

-

17
16
1
1

78
T a b l e A-1:

O f f i c e O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n tin u e d

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Philadelphia, Pa. , by industry division, October 1953)
Average
S e x , o ccu p ation , and in d u stry d iv isio n

Number
of
w
orkers

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING! STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

$
$
$
$
$
S
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
W
eekly Under 30. 00 32. 50 35. 00 3 7 . 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50 55. 00 5 7 . 50 6 0 . 00 6 2 . 50 6 5 . 00 6 7 . 50 70. 00 7 5 . 00 80. 00 8 5 . 00 90. 0
W
eekly
earnings
hours
and
and
(Standard) (Standard)
~
~
“
"
"
”
“
“
“
"
“
“
■
“
under
3 0 .0 0
32. 50 3.5,QO 37. 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 .52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 6 0 . 00 6 2 . 50 6 5 . 00 6 7 . 50 7 0 . 00 75. 00 8 0 . 00 85. 00 9 0 . 00 over

W omen - C ontinued
38.
38.
38.
37.
38.
39.
36.
39.

5
5
0
5
0
0
5
0

$
53.
53.
53.
52.
61.
50.
56.
51.

50
50
50
50
00
00
00
50

-

_
-

F i n a n c e * * .............................................
S e r v i c e s ..................................................

1, 581
1 ,0 5 7
524
140
79
163
91
51

-

C o m p tom eter o p e r a t o r s ..............................
M a n u factu rin g .............................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
W h o lesale t r a d e .................................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ........................................
F in a n c e * * ................................................

1 ,0 5 9
315
744
47
198
412
81

39.
39.
38.
37.
38.
39.
38.

0
5
5
5
5
0
0

51.
54.
49.
56.
54.
47.
43.

00
00
50
50
00
50
00

D u p lica tin g -m ach in e o p e r a to r s
(m im eo grap h o r d i t t o ) ..............................
M anu facturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ...................................

222
146
76

39. 0
39. 0
39. 0

K ev-pu nch o p e r a to r s ...................................
M anu facturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
W h o lesale t r a d e .................................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ........................................
F in a n c e * * * ............................................

1, 370
573
797
89
131
72
443

O ffice g ir ls .......................................................
M anufacturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ...................................
W h o lesale t r a d e .................................
F in a n c e * * .............................................

464
196
268
51
109

S e c r e t a r ie s ..................................................
M anu facturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ...................................
P u b lic u t ilitie s * .................................
W h olesale t r a d e .................................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ........................................
F in a n c e * * .................... ........................
S e r v i c e s ..................................................
S te n o g ra p h e rs, g e n e r a l ..............................
M anufacturing ...........................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ...................................
P u b lic u tilitie s * .................................
W h olesale t r a d e .................................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ........................................
F i n a n c e * * .............................................
S e r v i c e s ..................................................

C le r k s , p a y r o l l .............................. ................
M a n u fa c tu r in g ............................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ...................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * .................................
W h olesale t r a d e .................................

-

_
_
-

10
1
9
5

12
12
12
-

12
12
7
5

38

-

38
31
7

4 4 . 00
4 5 . 50
4 1 . 00

“

“

14
10
4

22
5
17

3 8 .5
3 9 .0
37. 5
38. 5
3 9 .0
39. 5
37. 0

49. 50
5 3 .0 0
4 7 . 00
53. 00
5 5 .0 0
50. 50
4 4 . 00

-

-

58
58
1
45

77
5
72
4
32

3 8 .0
3 9 .0
37. 5
3 9 .5
35. 5

38.
39.
36.
37.
34.

00
50
50
50
00

28
28
27

34
10
24
9

48
3
45
13
28

4 , 619
2, 294
2, 325
185
449
292
1, 141
258

38.
39.
37.
38.
38.
39.
36.
38.

65.
69.
61.
81.
62.
61.
58.
60.

50
50
50
00
00
00
50
00

-

_
_
-

4
_
4
_
4
-

5 ,3 2 8
2, 883
2 ,4 4 5
379
503
286
1 ,0 7 8
199

38. 5
3 9 .0
38. 0
38. 0
39. 0
39. 0
37. 0
38. 0

0
0
5
5
5
5
5
5

5 3 .0 0
55. 00
50. 50
57. 00
57. 00
49. 00
4 6 . 50
50. 50

_
_
_
“

8
2
6
_
_
_
6
-

25
-

25
2
_
23
”

43
31
12
9
2
1

162
116
46
23
16
5
2

136
93
43
22
14
6
1

121
59
62
17
35
3
7

121
85
36
3
16
17
-

184
110
74
19
21
11
7
16

79
54
25
13
2
10
-

232
183
49
5
15
14
9
6

62
43
19
1
13

139
97
42
13
7
19

5

62
-

55
15
40
2
16
16
6

124
39
85
4
10
54
17

83
35
48
1
16
21
8

178
50
128
4
54
61
7

89
37
52
5
34
11
1

94

42
20

55
2
53
1
44
8

34
11
23

30
25
5

34
25
9

22
14
8

22
18
4

14
14
“

64
13
51
2
49

127
38
89
6
6
3
74

133
31
102
9
14
8
59

126
46
80
13
8
8
51

130
60
70
12
7
11
40

144
71
73
22
38

71
46
25
1

51
13
38
6

30
8
22
14
-

31
23
8
2

_
-

22
5
17
_
17
-

42
42
3
4
31
4

76
4
72
3
10
54
5

107
17
90
_
_
3
87
-

109
13
96
17
6
2
71
“

375
113
262
25
22
44
159
12

296
101
195
21
26
13
111
24

4

62

!

13
7
6
3
_
1
2
-

12
8
4
1
1
2

8
4
4
1
3

12
1

37
32
5
3
j
1
-

-

-

5
1
4
1
2
1

14
3
11
2
7
2
-

9
1
8
6
2
-

1
1
1
-

.
_
-

.
_
-

“

_
-

~

-

_
"

~

_
-

20
15
5
2
3
-

30
23
7
7
“

18
15
3
1
2
“

11
5
6
6
■

20
20
12
8
“

4
4
4
“

■

_
-

1
1
-

_
-

_
-

_
■

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

240
12
55
37
103
33

281
180
101
5
33
6
46
11

559
231
328
15
85
49
106
73

245
147
98
6
28
6
44
14

420
2 54
166
3
36
37
81
9

374
201
173
12
29
13
110
9

463
298
165
16
40
33
69
7

325
202
123
23
14
17
59
10

187
127
60
22
4
6
23
5

152
113
39
10
2
6
18
3

296
198
98
61
17
2
7
11

572
323
249
23
92
36
77
21

410
274
136
11
52
7
55
11

391
257
134
49
58
8
14
5

295
2 02
93
45
43
1
4

183
128
55
26
15
1
10
3

125
84
41
6
34
1
-

122
63
59
26
27
1
5

81
72
9
5
4
-

18
10
8
6
2
-

16
1
15
10
5
-

_
“

90
73
17
5
3
2
2
5

14
13
1
_

41
15
26
9
4

3

77
33
44
6
21
3
14
-

1
-

68
3
30
35
-

94
43
51
6
4
41
-

111
50
61
16
16
27
1

6
4
2
2
-

17
9
8
3
5
-

14
11
3

3
2
1

7
7
-

3
1
2

3
3
“

163
70
93
13
29
9
41

130
86
44
7
20
7
10

103
65
38
2
1
10
25

103
67
36
7
10
11
8

53
34
19
1
6
2
9

13
9
4
-

10
9
1
-

1
1
“

1
1
-

1
1
-

132
10
122
8
5
81
28

89
4
85
8
12
61
4

292
57
235
47
41
128
19

194
37
157
37
8
99
13

466

619
271
348
24
56
44
193
31

388
209
179
16
19
30
89
25

747
460
287
54
2
75
120
36

441
283
158
13
40
21
58
26

26

226

'

See footnotes at end o f table.
* T ransportation (excluding r a ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
** Finance, in su ra n ce, and rea l estate.




‘

_

_
_

'

i
i
i

79
Ta b le A - l:

O f f i c e O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n tin u e d

(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 fo r s e le c te d occu p ation s studied on an area
b a sis in P hiladelph ia, P a . , by industry d ivisio n , O ctob er 1953)
A ver a g e

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Nm
u ber
o
f
w rk
o ers

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS

O F—

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
W
eekly Under 30. 00 32. 50 35. 00 37. 50 40. 00 42. 50 45. 00 47. 50 50. 00 52. 50 55.00 57. 50 60. 00 62. 50 65. 00 67. 50 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00
W ly
eek
hu
o rs
ea in s
rn g
ta d rd
(S n a ) (S n a )
ta d rd
- *
fo.o o under
32.50 23..Q . 37. 5Q 40. 00 42. 50 4 5 .0 0 47. 50 50. 00 52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 60. 00 62. 50 65. 00 67. 50 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00
Q

$
90. 00
and
over

Women - Continued
Stenographers. technical.........................
Manufacturing.........................................

166
124

38. 5
39. 5

$
62. 00
64. 50

_

_

_

-

-

-

..
-

-

1
-

4
-

3
-

5
-

8
3

22
17

12
5

5
4

22
19

31
31

12
11

5
5

10
8

25
21

-

1
-

Switchboard o p e r a to r s ..............................
Manufacturing......... ...............................
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Wholesale trade ..............................
Retail trade 3 .....................................
Finance * * ............................................
S e r v ic e s ..............................................

1, 125
261
864
94
163
206
130

39. 0
39. 5
38. 5
39.0
39. 5
37. 0
38. 5

50. 00
69.00
47. 50
54. 50
46. 50
48. 00
39. 00

14
14
14

1
1
1
-

33
33
3
7
9
14

82
_
82
6
18
33

40
40
4
4
4
13

64
64
13
16
8

69
4
65
4
11
24
15

151
10
141
54
40
32

94
17
77
7
5
36
1

177
32
145
12
15
34
-

52
19
33
7
6
14
-

79
35
44
14
18
8
-

58
21
37
11
_
12
-

81
44
37
9
11
7
-

35
21
14
2
-

37
26
11
10
.
.
-

25
10
15
2
_
-

13
5
8
2
_
-

15
15
_
_
.
-

4
1
3
3
_
-

1
1
.
_
_
_
-

Switchboard operator-receptionists . . .
Manufacturing..........................................
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Public utilities * ..............................
Wholesale trade ..............................
Retail trade 3 .....................................
Finance * * ............................................
S e r v ic e s ...............................................

942
547
395
40
154
50
65
86

38. 0
38. 0
37. 5
39.0
38. 0
38. 5
35. 0
38. 0

48.
49.
47.
52.
48.
47.
40.
47.

_
"

_
-

13
13
-

31
31
6
25
-

21
16
5
5
-

74
25
49
6
28
15

78
21
57
1
27
13
16

215
138
77
5
29
20
5
18

152
86
66
39
3
6
18

156
116
40
13
11
9
7

59
32
27
9
14
4

47
22
25
12
6
4
3

31
25
6
1
5

45
41
4
4
-

10
8
2
1
1
-

4
4
-

_
-

6
_
6
6
.
-

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

Tabulating-machine o p e r a to r s ..............
Manufacturing.........................................
Nonmanufacturing .................................
Public u t i l i t i e s * ..............................
F in a n ce**............................................

491
199
292
49
123

38. 5
39.0
38. 0
38. 0
36.5

57. 50
64.00
53. 00
64. 00
52. 00

_

_

-

"

1
1
1

3
3
1

9
9
7

13
13
3

6
2
4
3

28
28
6

73
11
62
33

60
8
52
3
8

36
12
24
2
21

34
17
17
2
12

24
17
7
6

39
16
23
5
16

58
40
18
14
4

31
11
20
19
1

25
21
4
1
1

29
24
5
1
-

5
5
-

6
4
2
2
-

8
8
-

3
3
-■
-

Transcribing-machine operators,
g e n e r a l..........................................................
Manufacturing..........................................
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Wholesale trade ..............................
Finance* * .............. ............................

852
372
480
167
199

38.0
38. 5
38. 0
39. 0
36. 0

4 9 .00
51. 00
47. 50
51. 50
43. 50

-

_
-

12
12
11

65
40
25
20

58
1 20
! 38
33

88
1
87
29
30

82
29
53
4
32

109
69
40
17
20

64
17
47
18
22

117
39
78
35
16

38
19
19
13
2

57
24
33
22
10

46
36
10
3
1

59
35
24
13
1

12
10
2
2
-

15
13
2
2
-

7
3
4
3
1

14
11
3
3
-

9
6
3
3
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

Typists, class A ..........................................
Manufacturing..........................................
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Public u t i l i t i e s * ..............................
Wholesale trade ............................ .
Finance ** ............................................
Services ..............................................

1, 597
809
788
101
79
508
67

38. 5
39. 5
37. 5
37.5
39.5
36. 5
37. 5

50.
52.
48.
52.
51.
46.
51.

_

2

11

-

-

-

-

2
-

11
6
-

143
34
109
12
7
85
-

135
22
113
14
80
15

265
99
166
18
7
124
13

208
95
113
5
35
57
14

217
158
59
2
8
40
7

187
138
49
3
36
8

120
81
39
7
31
-

102
64
38
9
13
15
-

48
23
25
20
5
-

83
74
9
2
3
4
-

3
2
1
1
-

20
5
15
1
4
10

14
8
6
5
1
-

5
4
1
1
-

.
,
-

-

-

34
2
32
2
25
-

Typists, class B ..........................................
Manufacturing.............................. ...........
Nonmanufacturing ............................
Public utilities * ..............................
Wholesale trade ..............................
Retail trade 3 .....................................
Finance * * .............. .............................
S e r v ic e s ..............................................

4 ,4 7 6
1,-733“
2, 743
109
304
331
1, 756
243

194
467
105
------g— — r ~ ' I s
97
185
392
34
8
17
32
314
162
89
6
12
-

588
111
477
1
25
68
317
66

940
398
542
14
56
47
384
41

547
259
288
19
48
21
175
25

516
i t n
334
11
62
53
185
23

15
15
-

9
7
2
2

2
2
-

1
2
3
*
**

00
50
00
50
00
50
50
00

50
50
00
00
00
50
00

38. 0
43. 50
6 T O T
37. 5
41. 50
50. 00
38. 5
44. 50
39. 0
39.0
43. 00
40. 00
36. 5
38. 0
44. 50

_
-

-

-

-

_

366
316
r~ l ^ r
116
178
4
20
10
35
23
59
66
51
13
13

153
135
100 ■
35
63
4
20
15
9
1
2
12
1
3
31

71
25
15
12
57“ — r ~ ----- T ~ ~ g ----14
4
4
12
7
7
2
1
2
3
2

_
_
_
«
-

-

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

„
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

•

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

6

"

3

1

"

"

-

-

-

“

H ou rs r e f l e c t the w o rk w eek fo r w h ich em p lo y ees r e c e iv e th e ir re g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s and the ea rn in g s c o rre s p o n d to th e s e w eekly h o u rs.
W o rk e rs w e re d is trib u te d a s fo llo w s: 27 at $ 9 0 to $ 9 5 ; 35 at $95 to $ 100; 48 at $ 100 to $ 105; 11 at $ 105 to $ 110.
E x clu d e s lim ite d -p r ic e v a r ie ty s t o r e s .
T ra n s p o r ta tio n (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) , co m m u n icatio n , and other p ublic u t ilitie s .
F in a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e .




-

-

-

-

80
T a b l e A - 2 : P r o f e s s i o n a l and T e c h n ic a l O c c u p a tio n s
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Philadelphia, P a ., by industry division, October 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E W EEK LY EARNINGS OF -

A ve r a g e

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Number
of
workers

$

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Under 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 9 0 .00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.0C
and
and
45 .0 0
50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 over

Men
Draftsmen, le a d e r ......................................... ...
Manufacturing .....................................................................

448
433

40 .0
4 0 .0

$
115.50
115.50

Draftsmen, s e n io r ..................................................................
Manufacturing .....................................................................
Nonmanufacturing .........................................................
Public utilities * .....................................................

1,734
1, 598
136
38

39 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
3 8 .5

9 4 .50
94.50
9 3 .00
92.50

-

-

"

*

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
2

27
27

2
2

21
21

25
25

21
21

32
25

26
25

23
23

65
65

51
51

32
31

38
38

71
69

4
3

8
5

73
68
5

119
108
11

236
211
25
7

176
153
23
12

202
192
10
5

130
114
16
6

212
198
14
6

160
153
7
2

168
161
7

94
91
’3

31
26
5

7
5
2

2
1
1

2
1
1

3
3
-

12
11
1

“

"

“

■

*

■

51
49

14
13

17
16

2
2

3
2

**

-

-

-

-

“

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

■

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

.

“

-

-

“

-

-

-

-

_

_

_
-

_
-

.

-

_
-

_

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

16
16

20
20

-

-

-

71
~ u —
5

-

“

“

“

■

90
89

88
88

-

86
76

Draftsmen, ju n io r ..................................................................
Manufacturing ......................................................................

698
665~

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

66.50
66.00

2
1

45
44

57
57

101
100

142
128

Tracers .................................................................
Manufacturing ......................................................................

105
105

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

49.50
49 .5 0

235
35

4
4

37
37

19
19

10
10

-

-

*

66
66

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

76. 50
76.50

1
1

11
11

23
23

13
13

9
9

4
4

3
3

-

10
9

13
11

6
5

2
2

2
2

8
8

13
13

-

-

37
18
19
24
12
12

80
44
36
59
34
25
21

62
29
33
39
20
19
23

71
46
25
59
43
16
12

44
31
13
42
29
13
2

9
1
8
7

4
1
3
4
1
3

1
1
1

_

.

7
2

18
15
3
16
13
3
2

-

-

_
-

49

3

1

.

.

_

1

_

_

_

_

_

Women
draftsmen, s e n io r .................................................................
Manufacturing......................................................................

-

-

Draftsmen, ju n io r .................................................................
Manufacturing ......................................................................

92
84

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

66.50
67. 50

2

7

-

7

Nurses, industrial (registered) ..........................
One-nurse u n it .........................................................
Multiple-nurse u n it.............................
Manufacturing................................ .............
One-nurse unit ................................
Multiple-nurse unit ............................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................

348
200
148
267
162
105
81

39 .0
39.0
39 .0
39 .5
39.5
39.5
3 8.0

67.50
68.00
67.50
68.50
69.00
68.00
64. 50

1
1
-

-

Tracers ................................................................

127

38 .5

51.00

|

20
18

1

“

21
14
7
17
10
7
4

3 42

13

18

-

-

1
1

!
I

9
9 j

13

-

_

_

-

1

Hours reflect the workweek for which
Workers were distributed as follows:
3 Workers were distributed as follows:
* Transportation (excluding railroads),




employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
18 at $35 to $ 3 7 .5 0 ; 16 at $40 to $ 4 2 .5 0 ; 1 at $ 4 2 .5 0 to $45.
Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, Pa. , October 1953
8 at $ 3 7 .5 0 to $40; 18 at $40 to $42. 50; 16 at $ 4 2 .5 0 to $45.
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
communication, and other public utilities.
Bureau of Labor Statistics

8!

Ta b le A -3:

M a inte na nc e and P o w e rp la n t O c c u p a tio n s

(A verage hourly earnings 1 fo r m en in s elected occup ations studied on an a rea
basis in P hiladelphia, P a ., by industry d ivisio n , O cto b e r 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Occupation and industry division

N ber
um
of

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
A era e
v g
hu
o rly Under 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 2 .0 0 2. 10 2.2 0 2.3 0 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70
$
1.-20 under
1.25 1.30 1.35 1 .40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2.3 0 2.4 0 2.5 0 2.60 2.70 2 .80

1,083
769
314
49
176

$
2.20
2. 12
2.40
? 03
2.73

Retail trade 2 .........................................

1,644
1,405
239
67
91

2. 16
2. 17
2. 12
2. 15
2 .4 4

Engineers, stationary ................... ............
Manufacturing..............................................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................
Public utilities * ...................................
Retail trade 2 .........................................
Finance * * ................................................
Services ...................................................

1.295
889
406
50
87
102
127

Firemen, stationary b o ile r .........................
Manufacturing ..................... ......................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Public u t i lit i e s * ...................................
Retail trade 2 ..........................................
Services ...................................................

Carpenters, maintenance..............................
Manufacturing ..............................................
Nonmanufacturing.......................................

3
3

-

6
6

-

-

1
1
-

3
3

8
4
4

18
4
14

18
12
6

32
28
4

38
32
6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

6

.
-

-

5
5

.
-

3
3

-

13
1
12

11
8
3

3
3

9
8
1

13
11
2

19
16
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

1.91
1.96
1.81
1.93
2. 04
1.66
1.71

_
-

-

2
2
2
-

24
21
3
3

15
7
8
3
5

5
5
“

52
1
51
48
3

25
5
20
2
18

47
37
10
2
3
5

83
3
80
15
5
60

82
67
15
2
13
“

57
52
5
.
5
-

968
792
176
28
62
59

1.64
1.68
1.45
1.80
1.54
1.26

94
64
30
1
17

24
1
23
1
22

6
1
5
5

14
3
11
1
10

70
40
30
30
-

53
49
4
3
-

34
34
-

27
20
7
-

115
106
9
6
-

64
56
8
4
-

80
78
2
2
-

Helpers, trades, m aintenance...................
Manufacturing..............................................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Public utilitie s * ...................................
Wholesale trade ...................................
Retail trade 2 ............... ........................

2 .8 5 3
2, 102
751
528
102
87

1.77
1.82
1.65
1.69
1.60
1.60

37
9
28
7
7

6
3
3

32
15
17
1
3
-

20
8
12
3
9

22
7
15

41
31
10

6
7

50
34
16
9
6
-

10
*

227
186
41
23
15
3

144
120
24
14
10
“

328
216
112
90
7
15

Machine-tool operators, t o o lr o o m .........
M anufacturing.............................................

564
564

2.09
2.09

.

-

-

-

-

3
3

’Machinists, maintenance..............................
M anufacturing.............................................

1,3 8 4
1, 239

2.21
2. 19

4

1
1

.
■

Mechanics, automotive (maintenance). . .
Manufacturing..............................................
Nonmanufacturing.....................................
Public utilitie s * ...................................
Wholesale trade ...................................

1,377
298
1, 079
504
163

1.93
1.99
1.91
1.90
2.11

Retail trade 2 .........................................
Electricians, m aintenance............................
M anufacturing..............................................
Nonmanufacturing.......................................

-

-

-

.

71
56
15

41
38
3

61
45
16

1

2

16

90
48
42
10
1

72
64
8
1
1

100
88
12

66
40
26
1
5
"

68
50
18
“

176
146
30
1
6
1
22

52
33
19
14
5

74
74
■

64
54
10
7
3
-

379
160
219
180
16
22

290
212
78
66
4
8

260
196
64
54
8
2

8
8

3
3

28
28

20
20

4
4

.
■

.

.

-

*

“

-

-

“

-

-

"

6
6

132

43

_

-

-

-

.

.

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5

-

-

132
131

43

41
10
31

-

-

.

.

.

*
5

See footnotes at end o f ta b le.
* T ra n sp ortation (exclu din g r a ilr o a d s ), condm unication, and other public u tilities,
* * F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and rea l esta te.




-

24
7
17
10

4

111
92
19
1A
1“
T
4

184
158
26
11
ID
11

72
58
14

45
36
9

43
30
13

16
15
1

-

7

12

-

193
177
16
15

308
282
26
1A
XT
10

172
167
5

164
139
25

116
115
1

55
55
_

-

22

102
94
8
1
6
1

113
90
23
15
8
“

100
45
80 ~~W ~
20
11
12
5
5
5
1
3
“
“

31
31
~

27
22
23
18
4
4
4
4
“ ■ “

46
36
10
4
6
”

20
20
-

14
14
■

130
108
22
15
4
3

57
57
42
13
2

75
71
4
1
3

10
10
9
1

551
536
15
14

3
3

191
190
1
-

1
1

25
25

29
29

35
35

34
34

23
23

49
49

81
16
65
6
13

129
64
65

100
15
85
30
15

22
17
5
2

-

10

10
99
63
36
35
1
*

-

_
“

36
36

1
1

154
25
129

-

1

3114

51
16
35
21
14

123
122
1

49
35
14

53
36
17

1

14

17

13 ----- ^
14
11
2
10
2
1
9
*

13
13
11

46
45
1
1
~

8
7
1
1
-

■

“

40
27
13
13
"

97
92
5
D

$
2.80
and
over

-

. 37
37
“

*

- .
-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

"

■

”

"

“

-

-

-

-

1

3

1

14
14

147
147

133
133

29
29

41
41

68
68

■

“

■

102
97

112
112

284
234

105
103

139
139

116
116

58
55

127
44

158
157

8
7

186
68
118
50

190
2
188
151
15

231
51
180
83
1

63
27
36
5
25

9?... 53

17
80
40
40

5
48
8
40

___Z_

.

_

__ 4__

34
34

_

_

-

.

-

12
3

4
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

7

O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . , O c t o b e r 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s

82

Ta b le A -3 :

M a inte na nc e and P o w e rp la n t O c c up a tio ns - C o n tin u e d

(Average hourly earnings 1 for men in selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Philadelphia, Pa. , by industry division, October 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Occupation and industry division

Number
of
Workers

Me c hanic s , maint enanc e ............................
Manufacturing .........................................
Nonmanufacturing..................................
Retail trade 2 .......................................

1.971
1,536
435
84

Millwrights ....................................................
Manufacturing .........................................

Average
hourly
earnings

$
2.
2.
2.
2.

$
$
$
$
Under 1. 20 1. 25 1. 30 1. 35
and
$
1. 20 under
1. 25 1. 30 1. 35 1. 40

08
11
02
08

“

30
30
-

592
588

2. 07
2. 07

-

-

O i l e r s ...............................................................
Manufacturing .........................................

523
513

1. 61
1. 61

19
19

~

9
9

60
60

9
9

Painters, maintenance .........................
Manufacturing .........................................
Nonmanufacturing..................................
Public utilities * ................................
Retail trade 2 .......................................
Finance * * ....................................

859
502
357
126
84
80

1.99
2. 06
1. 90
2. 03
2. 19
1. 63

8
8
-

-

10
10
-

4
4
1

-

Pipefitters, maintenance .........................
Manufacturing .........................................
Nonmanufacturing..................................
Public utilities * ................................

953
876
77
51

2.
2.
2.
2.

22
21
28
29

_
“

“

_
“

“

Plumbers, maintenance ............................
Nonmanufacturing..................................

104
62

1. 94
1. 86

1
1

8
8

_

_

-

“

2
2

Sheet-metal workers, maintenance . . .
Manufacturing .........................................

234
200

2. 06
2. 04

_

.

“

"

4
4

"

Tool-and-die m a k e r s..................................
Manufacturing .........................................

1,876
1, 874

2. 33
2. 33

_

_

_

_

.

“

-

1.45

$
1.45

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1. 90 1.95 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80
and
1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1. 90 1.95 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2.40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 over

-

_
-

2
2
”

4
4
“

-

24
19
5
“

32
22
10
“

39
39
"

45
31
14
“

53
52
1
“

216
202
14
2

141
114
27
6

99
44
55
47

82
52
30
-

369
290
79
10

297
201
96
1

109
105
4
4

140
97
43
3

6
_
6
2

25
13
12
-

-

“

-

-

-

8
8

1
1

9
9

16
16

-

23
23

84
84

26
25

162
162

129
128

90
90

40
39

-

-

23
23

13
13

43
42

60
60

76
71

36
32

33
33

7
7

48
48

28
28

38
38

1
1

20
20

-

-

-

-

-

11
8
3
-

16
1
15
5

14
14
13

57
32
25
1
24

20
16
4
4

29
9
20
12
3

34
9
25
10
“

78
52
26
21
1

19
16
3
2
1

103
43
60
52
8

69
64
5
1
3

-

25
8
17
17

88
53
35
29
5
1

49
37
12
11
1

-

77
54
23
23
-

24
24
.
-

*
*

_
“

_
”

12
11
1
"

8
8
“

10
10
-

8
8
-

46
46
”

47
47
“

84
78
6
"

86

“

4
4

116
98
18
18

112
105
7
4

83
73
10
“

33
28
5
5

31
31
“

1
1

1
"

11
11

9

4
“

3
1

3
2

14
6

14
10

4
“

1
1

10
1

6
5

4
4

7
7

24
24

15
10

48
34

52
49

27
27

10
9

10
10

8
8

1
1

17
17

13
13

37
37

66
66

37
37

129
127

158
158

199
199

455
455

358
358

-

_

_

_

~

“

4
4

8
8

“

“

“

-

2
2

_

_

_

_

.

1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
2 Excludes limited-price variety stores.
3 All workers at $3. 10 an hour.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
**Finance, insurance, and real estate.




$
1.40

■

_

-

-

1

1
-

249
249
-

-

9
_
9
9

-

3
3

-

-

-

81
36
45
_
37
-

42
39
3
_
3
“

_
-

_
_
_
-

206
183
23
20

44
44
~

-

27
24
3
“

~

4

2
2

14
5

2
2

-

1
-

252
252

42
42

77
77

35

- 1

4

-

.

35

83

Ta b le A -4;

C u sto d ia l and M a te ria l M ove m e nt O c c u p a tio n s

(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area
basis in Philadelphia, P a ., by industry division, October 1953)
NUM
BER O W
P ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM H
E OURLY EARNINGS O —
F
S
$
9
$
$
$
$
$
9
$
9
$
$
$
9
$
$
$
9
$
$
$
%
9
$
Jnder 0 .80 0.85 0 .9 0 0.9 5 1.00 1.05 1.10 1. 15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.90 2.00 2 . 10
and
$
■
“
~
■
*
■
.90
L..QQ .LtilS 1.10 1,15- 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20

Nm
u ber
of
W ers
ork

A era e
v g
hu
o rly
ea in s
rn g

Guards . ...............................................................
Manufacturing................ ...........................
Nonmanufacturing ...................................
Finance * * ..............................................

1.812
1,391
421
363

$
1.60
1.68
1.32
1.29

-

-

■

2
2
2

7
7
7

20
20
16

1?
4
15
15

44
2
42
42

50
2
48
40

Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(m e n )................................................................
Manufacturing............................................
Nonmanufacturing ...................................
Public utilities * ......... ......................
Wholesale trade...................................
Retail trade 3 .......................................
Finance ** ............................................
Services ................................................

6 .7 7 8
3, 685
3 ,093
582
280
971
706
554

1.32
1.40
1.23
1.52
1.27
1. 16
1.23
.99

83
2
81
49
32

55
30
25
14
2
9

223
58
165
14
9
6
136

322
127
195
46
120
4
25

257
70
187
10
13
164

258
81
177
11
121
29
16

123
49
74
15
2
26
25
6

242
61
181
26
2
22
31
100

Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(women)............................................................
Manufacturing............................................
Nonmanufacturing ...................................
Public utilities * ................................
Retail trade 3 .......................................
Finance ** ............................................
S e r v ic e s .................................................

3.597
684
2,913
174
332
1,733
606

1.05
1.26
1.00
1.28
.97
1.02
.90

105
105
.
7
.
86

76
76
10
28
23

239
20
219
4
43
49'
116

193
38
155
65
81
3

1265
33
1232
2
148
764
300

781
104
677
2
30
567
78

83
45
38
13
3
22
-

Laborers, material h andlin g...................
Manufacturing.............................................
Nonmanufacturing ...................................
Public u t ilit ie s * ................................
Wholesale t r a d e ................................
Retail trade 3 .......................................

13,083
7 ,8 8 2
5,201
1, 007
1,890
2,257

1.47
1.50
1.44
1.59
1.41
1.40

47
12
35
35

53
18
35
6
19

188
146
42

135
41
94

-

-

-

42

40
35

223
154
69
52
17

161
66
95
_
40
54

Order fillers ..................................................
M anufacturing.........................................
Nonmanufacturing...................................
Wholesale t r a d e ................................
Retail trade 3 .....................................

2, 320
798
1,522
748
516

1.52
1.54
1.50
1.52
1.39

4
4

14
14
-

59
23
36
28
8

34
24
10
4

Packers, shipping.......................................
Manufacturing.........................................
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Wholesale trade ..............................
Retail trade3.......................................

1,847
1,326
521
304
217

1.47
1.56
1.24
1.27
1.20

Receiving clerks .........................................
Manufacturing.........................................
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Wholesale trade ..............................
Retail trade 3.......................................

931
570
361
96
227

1.60
1.70
1.43
1.59
1.37

Occupation and industry division

59
59

27
3
24
24

67
33
34
34

88
52
36
16

82
50
32
32

97
70
27
27

114
101
13
13

52
40
12
12

234
233
1
1

269
269
-

172
123
49
23

121
121
-

115
115
-

6
6
_
-

167
167
-

322
51
271
14
6
169
81
1

488
120
368
13
15
143
184
13

538
141
397
23
31
69
231
43

374
246
128
11
32
55
24
6

466
371
95
4
25
47
19
-

797
668
129
15
8
66
37
3

653
536
117
73
6
19
19
-

505
260
245
181
33
28
3
-

211
161
50
35
10
5
-

268
258
10
3
_
7
-

106
92
14
11
3
.
-

232
81
151
148
3
-

198
196
2
2
_
_
_
-

6
_
6
3
2
1
-

40
20
20
20
_
.
-

9
6
3
3
_
_
_

1
_
1
1
_
_

-

*

-

29
13
16
3
5
8
-

272
48
224
40
180
-

49
33
16
6
9
1
-

46
27
19
4
2
8
-

107
46
61
60
-

42
20
22
13
_
9
-

128
120
8
.
_
8
-

37
37
_
_
-

48
3
45
27
10
8
-

15
15
-

14
14
_
_
_
_

19
19
_
_
_
-

23
23
_
.
_
.

.
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_

.
_
_
_

_
-

26
26
_
_
-

-

-

-

-

173
101
72
_
28
44

455
221
234
_
191
38

125
101
24
_
4
18

318
271
47

845
311
534
4
487
42

251
209
42
6
14
21

981
264
717
_
79
636

908
790
118
_
16
102

802 2154 2581
604 1113 1295
198 1041 1286
90
3 755
300
45
236
61
802
231

490
407
83
64
11
8

600
520
80
1
75
4

434
350
84
1
74
9

189
149
40
5
31
4

507
390
117
27
90
-

271
226
45
36
6
3

127
101
26
14
12
-

45
16
29
1
28
-

20
6
14
14
-

62
62
31
25

68
18
50
21
29

125
35
90
66
24

33
33
12
21

26
16
10
5
5

52
21
31

95
11
84

44
18
26

-

-

-

31

53
18
35
28
7

84

26

8 .... 80
4
68
4
12
10
4
2

16
3
13
11
2

13
12
1
1
-

36
2
34
25
9 ,

67
50
17
1
16

24
24
-

4
4
-

38
38
-

77
77

690
------- £ 5 T
108

1.72
T.TJ
1.59

-

-

-

.
-

9
9
_
-

25
25
18
7

10
3
7
4
3

24
17
7
6
1

64
21
43
25
18

59
5
54
18
36

132
41
91
48
43

43
3
40
28
12

27
11
16
11
5

121
60
61
21
40

_

_

2
_
2

4
1
3

17
7
10

16
16
3
12

9
1
8

14
14

13
13

41
12
29
6
22

44
29
15
3

38
22
16
15

16
11
5

1
1

34
26
8

-

-

7
_
7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

10

-

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

'

'

'

'

-

-

-

7

14

13

-

5
5

2

-

-

-

-

-

_
_
"

15

259
152
107
107

196
77
119
94
25

257
103
154
144
10

372
47
325
60
20

56
36
20
20

130
2
128
121
7

78
65
13
5
8

148
132
16
14
2

193
141
52
47
5

381
376
5
3
2

41
40
1
1

66
59
7
7

141
112
29
28
1

38
38
"

37
37
"

41
38
3
2
1

46
7
39

65
38
27
5
22

47
36
11
5
6

67
48
19
18

92
68
24
8
16

100
62
38
37
-

67
57
10
2
-

45
44
1

15
15

-

-

-

39

74
20
54
28
26

-

-

-

8
5
3
2
1

6
1
5

41
8
33

84
65
19

42
42

125
123
2

2
1
1

30
27
3

25
25

65
59
6

105
105

48
42
6

53
39
14

-

-

,

-

1
1
1
_

_

171
63
108
96
11

42
27
15

.
-

*
23
21
.2
-

-

'

2

_

-

-

2

See footn otes at end o f ta b le.
* T ra n sp ortation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities
** F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and re a l esta te.




-

11
32

-

-

'

Shipping c le r k s ..............................................
Manufacturing.........................................
Nonmanufacturing ................................

59

51
2
49
20
29

-

$
2 . 20
and
over

-

2

4
3
1

Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, Pa. , October 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

84

Table A-4:

Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued

(A verage hourly earnings 1 fo r se le cte d occupations 2 studied on an area
b a sis in P hiladelphia, Pa. , by industry d iv isio n , O ctober 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

O ccu p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n

Number
of
Workers

Average
hourly
earnings

S h ip p in g -a n d -r e c e iv in g c l e r k s ..................
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ......................................

374
192
182

$
1. 65
1. 65
1. 64

T r u c k d r i v e r s , lig h t (u n d er IV2 t o n s ) . . .
M an u factu rin g .............................................

559
156

1. 72
1. 82

T r u c k d r i v e r s , m e d iu m (IV 2 to and
in clu d in g 4 t o n s ) .............................................
M an u factu rin g .............................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ......................................
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ...................................
W h o le s a le t r a d e ...................................
R e ta il tr a d e 3 ..........................................

2, 288
1, 137
1, 151
191
682
276

1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.

83
85
80
86
82
71

T r u c k d r iv e r s , h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s ,
t r a il e r t y p e ) ......................................................
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ......................................
W h o le s a le t r a d e ...................................

1, 560
245
1 ,3 1 5
697

1.
1.
1.
2.

T r u c k d r iv e r s , h e a v y (o v e r 4 t o n s ,
o th e r than t r a il e r t y p e ) ..............................
M a n u fa ctu rin g .............................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ........................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * ...................................
W h o le s a le t r a d e ...................................
R e t a il tr a d e 3 ...........................................

$
$
$
$
U n d ei 0. 80 0. 85 0. 90 0. 95
and
$
0. 80 un d er
—
«_8_5_ ..* 0
,-25 1. 00
*3

“

-

-

“

“

_
-

-

-

-

-

"

~

89
86
90
03

~

“

2 ,4 3 7
381
2 ,0 5 6
1, 120
628
308

1. 83
1. 94
1. 82
1. 75
1 .9 6
1. 75

-

T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (fo r k lift ) .........................
M an u factu rin g .............................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ......................................
R e ta il tra d e 3 .............................. .. . , . .

1, 508
1, 170
338
94

1.
1.
1.
1.

64
64
61
64

-

~

T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (o th e r than fo r k lift ) . .
M a n u factu rin g .............................................

403
401

1. 65
1. 65

-

-

W a tch m en ........................... ................................
M an u factu rin g .............................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ......................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * ...................................
W h o le s a le t r a d e ...................................
R e ta il tra d e 3 ...........................................
F in a n ce * * ................................................
S e r v i c e s ....................................................

2, 317
1 ,3 0 3
1 ,0 1 4
270
147
338
156
103

103
103
44
9
50

22
15
7
6
1

1
2
3
4
*
**

1 .0 5

1. 10

1 .4 5

1. 50

1. 55

21
1$
3

13
13
"

26
25
1

29
8
21

-

-

18
9

12
5

7
-

16
16
-

7

-

7
7

12
7
5

8

10
5

21
5

2
1

7
7
7

4
4
4

1
1
-

10
2
8
7

"

“

“

"

-

-

-

“

-

-

“

4
4
“

8
8
“

“

“

15
15
"

_

_

_

_

_

"

85
53
22
6
8
3
5
-

72
37
35
7
17
11
-

-

10
5

8
-

5
-

-

_
-

-

1
1
-

-

“

-

“

6
6
6
-

“

-

~

“

-

-

-

~

“

-

-

"

“

-

~

-

“

_

_

_

“

.

“
42
8
34
20
7
7
-

1. 40

12
8
4

"

183
32
151
107
4
24
6
10

1. 35

15
15

- .
-

41
22
19
1
8
10

Excludes premium pay for overtime and nightwork.
Data lirjiited to men workers, except where otherwise indicated.
Excludes limited-price variety stores.
Workers were distributed as follows: 19 at $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2 .3 0 ; 272 at $ 2 .3 0 to $ 2 .4 0 .
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.




1. 15 - h 20 . -L -25. 1. 30

”

-

31
39
20
23
14
26
20
99

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1. 05 1. 10 1. 15 1. 20 1. 25 1. 30 1. 35 1 .4 0 1. 45 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20

-

“

1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
.

"

$
1. 00

-

131
46
85
62
12
11

1. 65

1. 70

1. 75

41
31
10

14
12
2

69
69

3
2

6
6

17
15

2

7
7
_
7

64
57
7
7

47
47
_
-

-

29
22
7
_
7

-

-

-

“

1
1
1
-

1
1
I
-

~

-

5
5
5
-

12
- '
12

2. 00

2. 10

16
9
7

11
9
2

31
25
6

34
22
12

5
5

6

378
42

10
7

9

6
6

14
14

32
31

64
43
21
2
_
19

944
389
555
92
276
187

496
126
370
6
340
24

153
27
126
66
60
“

401
384
17
17
_

_
_

26
18
8
8
_

-

-

-

-

19
19
-

907
106
801
202

199
43
156
156

108
94
14
14

17
2
15
15

19
19

291
‘ 291

12
7
5
5

48
5
43
43
-

29
20
9
1
8

1691
85'
1605
1051
259
295

120
74
46
2
44
“

84
66
18
1
17
-

68
68
20
48
-

259
50
209
209
-

112
66
46
_
46
-

8
8
“

34

-

1

7

“

42
42
“

35
35
“

39
38
1
1

107
92
15
15

139
139
_

180
180
“

148
108
40
40

370
147
223
8

143
113
30
30

73
73
~

123
123
“

40
38
2
“

2. 20

and
over

1. 90

1. 80

1

1 9.... 291

3*
-

_
-

113
48
65
56
9
-

_

_

“

“
123
82
41
24
14
3
-

7
— T~
-

”

1. 60

-

15
14

26
26

36
35

25
25

38
38

65
65

98
98

35
35

2
2

34
34

15
1*

1
1

13
13

-

156
62
94
24
5
65
-

127
107
20
2
4
7
7
-

114
49
65
1
2
48
1
13

240
210
30
20
2
8
-

162
135
27
27

106
23
83
55
13
15

234
167
67
8
18
33
8
-

21
20
1
1

21
9
12
2
2
-

56
22
34
33
1

110
98
12
5
5
2

15
11
4
1
3

39
37
2
2
-

1
_
1
1

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

85

B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions 1
Percent of manufacturing plant workers -

S h ift d i ff e r e n t i a l

---------------------------------------- (5)-----------------------------------------In e s t a b lis h m e n t s h avin g
fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r T h ir d o r
S e co n d
o th e r
s h ift
s h ift
w ork
w ork

(b)
A c t u a lly w o r k in g o n Secon d
s h ift

T h ir d o r
o th e r
s h ift

T o t a l ..........................................................................................

8 4 .4

77. 1

1 6 .2

5 .7

W ith s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l .............................................
U n if o r m c e n t s (p e r h o u r ) .....................................
2 o r 4 c e n t s ............................................................
5 c e n t s .........................................................................
6 c e n t s .........................................................................
7 c e n t s .........................................................................
7 V2 c e n t s ............................................. .....................
8 c e n t s ...................................... ..................................
9 c e n t s .........................................................................
10 c e n t s ......................................................................
O v e r 10 and u n d e r 12 c e n t s ...........................
12 c e n t s ......................................................................
O v e r 12 c e n t s .........................................................
U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ..................................................
5 p e r c e n t ........................................... ......................
7 p e r c e n t ...................................................................
7 V2 p e r c e n t ..............................................................
10 p e r c e n t .................................................................
15 p e r c e n t .................................................................
O t h e r 3 ...............................................................................
N o s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ............... ...............................

7 7 .8
3 3 .9
.3
13. 3
6 .6
2 .2
3 .6

7 6 .6
3 3 .3
.9
3 .4
.4
1 .7
3 .0
1 .4
2 .3
1 5 .3
3 .9
1 .0
3 5 .0
1 .4
3 .2

1 5 .3
7 .3
(2)
3 .0
1 .7
.4
.7

5 .7
3 .4
.1
.4
.1
.2
.4
.3
.3
.9

-

.4
5 .6
.6
.3
1 .0
3 8 .8
5 .2
3 .9

.9

1.9

2 8 .8

2 6 .5
2 .0
8. 3

-

5. 1
6 .6

.5

-

1. 1
.2
.2
6 .6
1 .0
.6
(2)
5 .0
1 .4

-

.5
.2
.9
(2)
.1
.1
.5
.2

1 .4

.9
'

1 Shift differential data are presented in terms of (a) establishment policy, and (b) workers actually employed on late shifts at the time of
the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time
of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts.
2 Less than 0. 05 percent.
3 Includes such combinations as paid lunch period plus cents; cents plus extra hours pay; and varied differential for selected occupations.




Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, P a ., October 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

86

Table B-2: Scheduled Weekly Hours
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS1 EMPLOYED IN—

Weekly hours

All w ork e rs.......................................................
Under 35 h o u r s ................................................
35 hours .............................................................
Over 35 and under 31llz h o u r s ..................
37V2 hours .........................................................
Over 37V2 and under 40 h o u r s ..................
40 hours .............................................................
Over 40 and under 44 h o u r s .......................
44 h o u rs..............................'...............................
45 hours .............................................................
48 hours .............................................................
Over 48 h o u r s ..................................................

1
2
3
4
5
6
*
**

All
industries

100. 0
1.6
9 .3
8 .6
2 5 .4
8. 3
4 6 .4
(4)
.1
.3
”

Manufacturing

100.0

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

2

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Finance**

100. 0

100. 0

100.0

100.0

13.2
.7
5 6 .4
29.7

3 .7
2 .9
2 1 .6
10. 2
6 1 .6

5. 1
11.6
2.6
8 0 .4

6 .2
22. 0
16.4
30.7
7 .6
17. 1

-

-

-

-

.8
”

~

-

_
2. 1
6.6
19.5
12. 2
5 8.8
-

-

.3
-

■

-

Services

All
industries *

Manufacturing

100. 0

100. 0

100.0

7 .5
28.9
16.6
7. 1
38.0
.8
1. 1
~

1.0
.1
1.4
3 .8
1.3
79.8
1.6
5 5 .6
1.5
1.5
2 .4

1.2
1 .4
4 .3
1 .4
8 4 .4
1.2
.8
2 .0
1. 2
2. 1

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

100. 0

100. 0

.
(4)
6 2 .4
6 2 7.5
.
.
10. 1

_

_
0 .8
_
96 .9
_
2 .3
~

100.0
_
5 .9
2. 3
73 .3
5 .8
9 .6
1.3
1.8
■

Services

100.0
3 .4
3. 1
7 .9
1.4
4 5 .7
_
26.9
9 .5
2. 1

D ata r e la t e to w o m e n w o r k e r s .
E x c lu d e s l i m i t e d - p r i c e v a r ie t y s t o r e s .
I n c lu d e s data f o r r e a l e s t a t e in a d d itio n to th o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .
L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t .
In c lu d e s 2 .6 p e r c e n t w ho w o r k a lt e r n a t e w e e k s o f 40 and 48 h o u r s .
A lt e r n a t e w e e k s o f 40 and 48 h o u r s .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .

Table B-3:

Paid Holidays1

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s

A l l w o r k e r s ............................................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id h o lid a y s .....................................................
U nder 6 d a y s ..................................................
6 d a y s .................................................................
7 d a y s .................................................................
8 d a y s .................................................................
9 d a y s .................................................................
10 d a y s ..............................................................
11 d a y s ...............................................................
12 d a y s ..............................................................
13 d a y s .................... ..........................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no
p a id h o lid a y s .....................................................

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

2
Retail trade

Finance**

Services

All

3

industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Services

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

100 . 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100 . 0

99.7

100. 0
. 1
30 . 1
4 1 .6
2 4 .6
.7
2 .5

9 6 .9

100. 0
1 6 .9
5 0 .9
2 4 .4
7 .2
.6

100. 0
.8
7 5 .6
18. 0
5. 1
.5

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
5 7 .3
13. 1
5. 1
-

9 7 .8
3 .8
4 5 .4
3 3 .0
1 2 .3
.8
2 .2
.3
(4)

99. 1
3. 1
4 2 .2
39. 1
1 3 .8
.9
-

9 2 .5
25 . 0
3 5 .4
1 7 .5
13. 7
.9
-

100. 0
1 0 .7
64. 1
2 2 .8
2 .4
_
_
_

8 9 .7
5 .7
7 6 .3
4. 0
3 .7

-

8 9 .9
3 6 .4
12. 0
18. 1
2 .5
17. 3
3 .5
. 1

*

-

2 .2

•9

10. 1

7 .5

”

(4)
2 4 .3
2 6 .4
1 8 .2
3 .0
4. 8
1 .6
5. 0
1 6 .4
.3

-

.4
-

-

9 .7
6 .5
3 8 .5
8 .4
3 1 .5
2. 3
(4)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1 .9
5 .6
4 .7
4 .7
2 .5
2 .7
17. 1
6 0 .8

3. 1

E s t im a t e s in c lu d e o n ly f u ll - d a y h o lid a y s .
E x c lu d e s l i m i t e d - p r i c e v a r ie t y s t o r e s .
In c lu d e s data f o r r e a l e s t a t e in a d d itio n to th o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s show n s e p a r a t e ly .
L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .




Retail trade2

100. 0

-

2 4 .5
“

'
1
2
3
4
*
**

Retail trade 2

O c c u p a tio n a l W age S u r v e y , P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . , O c t o b e r 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s

_

.
.
_
1 0 .3

87

T a b le B -4 :

P a id V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P ro v is io n s )

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
V a c a t io n p o l i c y

A l l w o r k e r s .............................................................

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance**

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .8
1 8 .4
1 .2
7 9 .2
( 2)
1 .0
.8
.2
.2

1 0 0 .0
9 7 .8
1 6 .8
8 1 .0
2 .2
1 .7
.5
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 6 .7
.3
8 3 .0
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
22. 1
7 7 .6
.3
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
7 1 .1
.9
2 8 .0
_
-

All
industries

Services

All i
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Services

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 .7
4 .0
9 2 .3
_
-

1 0 0 .0
9 4 .0
1 8 .7
7 5 .3
4 6 .0

9 9 .9
7 1 .7
5 7 .8
2 .0
1 1 .9
2 6 .9
1 9 .7
.4
6 .8
1 .3

1 0 0 .0
6 0 .4
4 9 .0
2 .6
8 .8
_
3 9 -0
2 8 .6
.6
9 .8
.6

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
8 0 .9
.9
1 8 .2
_
-

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
6 6 .2
_
3 0 .6
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
8 1 .0
.7
1 8 .3
-

1 0 0 .0
7 7 .3
6 9 .8
_
7 .5
4 2 2 .7

A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a t i o n s ........................................... ..
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ..........................
1 w e e k ...................................... ....................
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ................
2 w e e k s ........................................................
O v e r 2 w e e k s ................; . . . . ..............
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3 .................................
2 p e r c e n t ......................................................
O v e r 2 bu t l e s s th an 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O t h e r - t y p e p a y m e n t ....................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

( 2)

■

(2)

~

“

"

"

. 1

■

3 .2

■

■

A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ..........................
1 w e e k .................. ................... ...................
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ..........
2 w e e k s ........................................................
O v e r 2 w e e k s ...........................................
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3 .................................
2 p e r c e n t ......................................................
O v e r 2 bu t l e s s than 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O t h e r - t y p e p a y m e n t ....................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .8
4 .4
.5
9 2 .7
1 .2
1 .0
.4
.4
.2
.2
(2)

1 0 0 .0
9 7 .8
5 .8
1 .0
9 1 .0
2 .2
.8
•9
.5
"

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.5
9 9 .4
.1
( 2)

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
4. 1
9 5 .6
.3
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
14. 1
.9
8 5 .0
■

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.4
9 7 .5
2. 1
-

”

1 0 0 .0
9 4 .0
7 .5
6 9 .9
1 6 .6
*
•
4 6 .0
“

9 9 .9
7 1 .7
3 5 .3
1 1 .5
2 4 .9
( 2)
2 6 .9
i 3 .9
6 .2
6 .8
1 .3
. 1

1 0 0 .0
6 0 .4
34. 3
1 4 .9
1 1 .2
3 9 .0
2 0 .0
9 .1
9 .9
.6
*

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 9 .2
10. 1
5 0 .3
.4
"

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
4 5 .4
3 .6
4 7 .8
3 .2

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 5 .5
1 .5
6 3 .0
*

1 0 0 .0
7 7 .3
4 1 .4
_
3 5 .9
4 22 . 7
■

A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ..........................
1 w e e k ..........................................................
O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ...............
2 w e e k s ........................................................
O v e r 2 w e e k s ...........................................
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3 .................................
2 p e r c e n t ........................
O v e r 2 bu t l e s s th an 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t ........................
O t h e r - t y p e p a y m e n t ................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o
p a id v a c a t i o n s ....................... .

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .8
2 .5
.5
9 4 .6
1 .2
1 .0
.4
.4
.2
.2
( 2)

1 0 0 .0
9 7 .8
4 .7
1 .2
9 1 .9
2 .2
.8
.9
.5
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.5
9 9 .4
.1
(2)

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 .0
9 8 .7
.3
-

S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
* * F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e .




1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
2. 1
-

9 7 .9
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
-

9 7 .9
2. 1
-

1 0 0 .0
9 4 .0
6 .7
7 0 .7
1 6 .6
4 6 .0
*

9 9 .9
7 1 .7
2 3 .5
11. 1
37. 1
(2)
2 6 .9
8 .9
6 .4
1 1 .6
1 .3
.1

1 0 0 .0
6 0 .4
2 3 .9
1 4 .4
22 . 1
3 9 .0
13. 0
9 .3
1 6 .7
.6
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 1 .0
10. 1
5 8 .5
.4
-

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
2 9 .6
3 .6
6 3 .6
3 .2

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 2 .6
8 7 .4
-

1 0 0 .0
7 7 .3
3 4 .6
3 .4
3 9 .3
4 22. 7
-

O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . , O c t o b e r 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s

88

T a b le B -4 :

P a id V a c a tio n s (F o rm a l P ro v is io n s ) - C o n tin u e d

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

V a c a tio n p o l i c y

A l l w o r k e r s ............................................................

P ERCENT OF PLANT W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN —

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance**

Services

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .8
. 1
.1
8 9 -7
4 .7
4 .2
1 .0
. 1
.9
.2

100. 0
9 7 .8
.1
.2
86. 1
5 .6
5 .8
2 .2
.2
2. 0
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 8 .2
1 .8
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 7 .0
.3
2 .7
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_
9 5 .5
4 .5
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 0 .5
6 .2
3 .3
“

1 0 0 .0
9 4 .0
3 .2
7 4 .2
1 6 .6
4 6 .0

All ,
industries1
|

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Services

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

9 9 .9
7 1 .7
1 .5
.6
6 6 .6
1 .2
1 .8
2 6 .9
.6
.6
2 5 .3
.4
1 .3

1 0 0 .0
6 0 .4
.7
.7
5 6 .5
.4
2. 1
3 9 .0
.9
.9
3 6 .6
.6
.6

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
8 9 .5
10. 1
.4
-

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
4 .3
9 2 .5
■

100. 0
1 0 0 .0
_
_
9 7 .4
2 .6
•

100. 0
7 7 .3
1 9 -8
3 .4
54. 1
4 22. 7

A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g t h -o f - t i m e p a y m e n t .........................
1 w e e k ..........................................................
O v e r 1 an d u n d er 2 w e e k s ...............
2 w e e k s .......................................................
O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ...............
3 w e e k s .......................................................
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3 .................................
2 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 2 but l e s s than 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 4 but l e s s than 6 p e r c e n t .. . .
O th e r -t y p e p a y m e n t ...................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

( 2)

-

-

“

( 2)

-

-

-

-

•1

-

-

3 .2

-

-

A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g t h -o f - t i m e p a y m e n t .........................
U n d er 2 w e e k s ........................................
2 w e e k s .........................................................
O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ...............
3 w e e k s ........................................................
O v e r 3 an d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ...............
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3..................................
2 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 2 but l e s s than 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 4 but l e s s than 6 p e r c e n t . . .
6 p e r c e n t and o v e r .................................
O th e r -t y p e p a y m e n t ...................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

1 0 0 .0
9 8 .8
. 1
7 3 .2
3 .0
2 2 .5
1 .0
. 1
.5
.4
.2
( 2)

1 0 0 .0
9 7 .8
. 1
7 1 .2
.7
2 5 .8
2 .2
.2
1. 1
.9
■
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_
8 2 .3
.3
1 7 .4
-

(2)

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
8 2 .5
.3
1 7 .2
-

-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_
6 5 .6
_
3 4 .4
"
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
7 5 .9
9 .6
1 4 .5
-

-

1 0 0 .0
9 4 .0
3 .2
5 0 .6
_
4 0 .2
4 6. 0
-

9 9 .9
7 1 .7
1 .6
5 3 .3
2 .6
1 4 .2
( 2)
2 6 .9
.6
.6
2 0 .8
1 .8
3. 1
1 .3
.1

1 0 0 .0
6 0 .4
.7
4 8 .6
2 .3
8 .8
3 9 .0
.9
.9
30. 1
2 .6
4 .5
.6
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
52. 1
1 1 .0
3 6 .8
. 1
“
-

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
4. 3
88.*4
4. 1
-

3 .2

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
6 6 .7
3 3 .3
"
-

1 0 0 .0
7 7 .3
2 3 .2
5 3 .5
.6
4 22. 7
-

A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g t h -o f - t i m e p a y m e n t .........................
U n d er 2 w e e k s ........................................
2 w e e k s ..........................................................
O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ...............
3 w e e k s .......................................................
O v e r 3 w e e k s ...........................................
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3 .................................
2 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 2 but l e s s than 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 4 but l e s s than 6 p e r c e n t . . .
6 p e r c e n t and o v e r ..............................
O th e r -t y p e p a y m e n t ......................... ..
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o
p a id v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

100. 0
9 8 .8
. 1
2 8 .6
.8
69. 1
.2
1 .0
.1
.5
.4

1 0 0 .0
9 7 .8
. 1
18. 1
.5
7 8 .7
.4
2 .2
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 2 .4
_
8 7 .6
-

.2

-

1 .1
-

-

.9

-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 2 .6
_
67. 1
.3
”

.2

(2)

■

( 2)

“

S ee f o o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
* * F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .




1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 6 .7
6 3 .3
"

-

1 0 0 .0
100. 0
4 4 .9
2 .1
5 3 .0
_

-

1 0 0 .0
9 4 .0
3 .2
4 8 .8
4 2 .0
4 6. 0
"

9 9 .9
7 1 .7
1 .6
2 3 .3
1 .4
4 5 .4
( 2)
2 6 .9
.6
.6
1 0 .7

1 0 0 .0
6 0 .4
.7
1 6 .0
.7
4 3 .0
3 9 .0
.9
.9
1 5 .5

2.2

3.3

1 2 .8
1 .3

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 4 .6
10. 1
7 5 .2
. 1
-

9 6 .8
9 6 .8
4 .3
5 0 .9
4 1 .6
-

1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
5 1 .7
4 8 .3
-

1 0 0 .0
7 7 .3
2 3 .2
4 6 .7
7 .4
-

1 8 .4

m
l

.6

'

-

3. 2

-

4 22. 7

'

89

Table B-4: Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)- Continued
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EM PLOYED I N -

V a c a ti o n po l ic y

Al l w o r k e r s .............................................................

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

PERCENT OF PLANT W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN—

Finance**

Services

All
industries

j

1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Services

100.0

1 0 0 .0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 0 0 .0
98.8
.1
19.5
.8
75.3
(2)
3. 1
1.0
.1
.5
.4
.2

100.0
97 .8
.1
15.2
.5
81.6
.4
2 .2
.2
1. 1
.9
■

100.0
100.0
12.4
87.6
-

100.0
100.0
31.9
67.8
.3
-

100.0
100.0
31.4
59.8
8 .8
-

100.0
100.0
17 .6
2. 1
72.2
8. 1
-

100.0
9 4.0
3.2
47.9
42.9
-

99.9
71.7
1.6
20.8
1.4
46. 6
.6
.7
26.9
.6
.6
10.7
2.2
12.8
1.3

100.0
6 0.4
.7
1 3 .9
.7
44.2
•9
39.0
.9
.9
15.5
3.3
18.4
.6

100.0
100.0
1 4 .6
10. 1
75.2
.1
-

96.8
96.8
4 .3
49.7
4 2.8
-

100.0
100.0
45.2
49.9
4.9
-

100.0
77.3
23.2
42.7
11.4
-

A f t e r 20 y e a r s of s e r v i c e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s providing
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ..........................
Under 2 we ek s .........................................
2 we ek s ........................................................
Ov er 2 and und er 3 w e e k s ................
3 w e ek s ........................................................
Ov e r 3 and und er 4 w e e k s ................
4 w e ek s and o v e r ....................................
P e r c e n t a g e pa y m en t 3 4
.................................
2 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 2 but l e s s than 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 4 but l e s s than 6 p e r c e n t . . .
6 p e r c e n t and o v e r .................................
O t h e r - t y p e pa y m en t . .................................
W o r k e r s i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s providing no
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

-

-

-

-

•

■

-

4 6. 0

.

(2)

(2)
'

'

1

-

-

-

4 22. 7

3.2

'

A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s pr oviding
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ..........................
1 w e e k ..........................................................
O v e r 1 and und er 2 w e e k s . . . . . . .
2 we ek s .........................................................
O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s ...............
3 w ee k s ...................................................................
Ov e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ...................
4 we ek s and o v e r ...........................................
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t 3 ........................................
2 p e r c e n t ................................................................
Ov e r 2 but l e s s than 4 p e r c e n t . . .
4 p e r c e n t .....................................................
O v e r 4 but l e s s th an 6 p e r c e n t . . .
6 p e r c e n t and o v e r .................................
O t h e r - ty p e p a y m e n t ....................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s providing no
paid v a c a t i o n s .....................................................

1
2
3
4
*
**

1 0 0 .0
9 8.8
. 1
_

17.8
.8
60.8
(2)
19.3
1.0
.1
.5

100.0
97.8
. 1
_

15.2
.5
76.3

.

12.4
_

80.4

.

_

5.7
2 .2
.2
1. 1

7.2

-

-

.4
.2

.9

(2)

100.0
100.0
-

100.0
100.0
-

100.0
100.0
-

-

31.9
_

51.6
.3
16.2

_

23 . 1
-

51.7

-

16.7
2. 1
42.9
-

38.3

100.0
94.0
3.2
-

6 9.2
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

“

-

_

-

-

(2)

99.9
71.7
1.5

. 100.0
60.4
.7

18.7
1.4
40.6
.6
8 .8
26.9
.6
.6
10.7
2.2
12.8
1.3

1 2 .7
.7
4 1.6
.9
3 .8
39.0
.9
.9
15.5
3.3
18.4
.6

-

21.6

-

Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Less than 0. 05 percent.
Percent of annual earnings.
Consists of 1 week’ s pay plus $ 3 0 .
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.




-

25.2

100.0
100.0
-

4 6. 0

-

.1

100.0
100.0
1 4 .6
10. 1
69 .5
. 1
5.7

96.8
96.8
4.3
49.7
32.0
-

10.8

100.0
100.0
37. 1
24.3
-

38.6

100.0
77.3
19 -8
3 .4
37.4
-

16.7
-

-

-

-

-

-

~
-

-

"
-

:

-

-

3.2

4 22. 7

90

Table B-5: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Type of plan

All w o r k e r s ..........................................................

W o rk e r s in e s ta b l i s h m e n t s providing:
L if e i n s u ra n c e .............................................
A cc id en ta l death and d i s m e m b e r 
ment i n s u r a n c e ........................................
S i c k n e s s and ac c id e n t i n s u r a n c e . . . .
S i ck le av e (full pay and no wai t
ing period) ..................................................
S i c k le av e (p a rt i a l pay or wai t
ing pe rio d) ...............................................
Hos pit al iz ati on i n s u ra n c e ....................
S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e ...................................
Me di ca l i n s u r a n c e ......................................
Ca ta s tr op h e i n s u r a n c e ............................
R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n ..................................
Health, i n s u r a n c e , or pension
plan not l i s t e d above ............................
No heal th , i n s u r a n c e , or pension
p l a n .................................................................

1
2
*
**

All
industries

100.0

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance**

100. 0

100. 0

100 . 0

100.0

Services

All .
industries1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Services

100.0

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

90.8

93.4

97. 3

88. 0

8 5. 1

88.4

80.3

89.3

90.2

100. 0

79.9

86. 5

67.4

33 . 8
47. 5

48. 9
76.3

12.5
32.3

45 .2
5 2.2

14. 9
45.4

22 .4
10. 7

14. 1
11. 5

38 . 9
75. 7

4 6.4
84.3

1 2 .3
69.4

4 5.2
54. 1

20. 0
57 . 7

34.3
38. 7

42.2

3 8.6

82. 5

59 .6

40. 8

32.5

12.4

12. 6

7.4

23. 7

24. 5

25. 0

19. 6

2 .4
62. 0
52. 6
25. 7
1. 2
74.3

1. 1
80. 8
76. 3
35 . 6
( 2)
74.2

5 .8
8.5
7. 6
3 .9
.3
91.6

5 .2
70.8
61.6
38.6

11.0
75.5
61.2
28. 1

4. 8
76. 3
70. 1
4 3.0
.1
62. 1

2 .8
86.2
80. 9
51.4

19. 6
27. 3
2 7.3
10. 7
.9
83. 8

6 .0
70.3
6 6.9
23.7

5. 9
70.4
56.9
27. 0

41.0
39. 1
36. 0

49.5

54 .4

3. 1

5.4

4 .5

11.5

7. 9

1.9

1. 8

5.2

2. 1

65. 5

11.3
1. 1

62.2

( 2)
47. 8
28.3
3.2
4.3
81.8

16. 9

3 .9

4 .6

.7

-

_

-

33. 1
31.3
24. 8
_

21.2

2.8
1 6 .9

Includes data f o r r e a l e s t a t e in addition to th os e indus try div is io n s shown s e p a r a t e l y .
L e s s than 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .
U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n (excluding r a i l r o a d s ) , co m m u n ic at io n , and o th e r public u t i l i t i e s .
F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .




_

65.4
1.9

4 .3

4.4

-

1 9 .9

Occupational Wage S u r v e y , Ph i l a d e l p h i a , P a . , O c to b e r 1953
B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s

91

Table B-6:

Overtime Pay Practices

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

O v e r ti m e p o l ic y

A ll w o r k e r s .............................................................

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance**

Services

All ,
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Services

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100.0

100.0

51.8
37. 1

60. 6
47 .4

89.5
79 . 7

45. 7
30.4

3 7.4
31.7

34.5
12. 5

23.0
12. 0

85.0
74.4

93.9
81.7

89. 7
88. 3

54. 6
51.7

57.9
44. 0

39. 6
37. 5

12. 5
24. 6

9 .4
38.0

43.9
35. 8

4. 8
25 . 6

3.9
27 . 8

12.5

3.3
8.7

2. 6
71.8

3. 1
78. 6

-

88.3

5.3
32.2

Da ily o v e r t i m e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s pr oviding
p r e m i u m pay ......................................................
T i m e and o n e - h a l f ......................................
E f f e c t i v e a f t e r l e s s than
8 h o u r s ............. .........................................
E f f e c t i v e a f t e r 8 h o u r s .......................
E f f e c t i v e a f t e r m o r e than
8 hou rs ......................................................
Double ti m e .........................................................................
Other 2 ..................................................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s prov iding no
p r e m i u m pay or having no p o l i c y ...............

-

-

-

51.7

44.0

-

_

-

_

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

14.7

13. 2

9 .8

15. 3

5.7

22.0

11.0

10. 6

12.2

1.4

2.9

13.9

2. 1

48.2

39.4

10.5

54.3

62.6

65. 5

77.0

15. 0

6 .1

1 0 .3

45.4

42. 1

60.4

96. 5
64. 7

98.8
79.2

99 .4
83 .4

96 .4
66.9

99 .4
79.7

92 . 1
32.9

89.0
39.7

97 . 1
9 1.8

99. 1
94. 0

89.9
88.5

97.7
96.9

97.6
90.1

76. 5
6 2 .7

14. 7
50.0

13.8
65.4

43.9
39.5

6. 5
60.4

5. 6
73 . 8

12. 5
20.4

3. 6
36.1

4 .0
85.7

4.9
89. 1

88.5

1.5
77.4

5.3
44.0

_

W ee kl y o v e r t i m e
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s providing
p r e m i u m pay .........................................................................
T i m e and o n e - h a l f ......................................
E f f e c t i v e a f t e r l e s s than
40 h o u r s .................. ...................................................
E f f e c t i v e a f t e r 40 h o u r s .............................
E f f e c t i v e a f t e r m o r e than
40 h ou rs ......................................................................
Double t i m e .............................................................................
Other 2 ..........................................................................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s providing no
p r e m i u m pay or having no p o l ic y . . . .

( 3)
-

-

-

31. 8

19.6

3.5

1.2

-

1

6

0

29 . 5

.6

3. 6

.

. 3
-

-

-

2. 1

-

-

-

-

96.9
-

11.2

13.4

-

-

-

-

-

19.7

59.2

49.3

5. 3

5. 1

1.4

.8

7.5

13. 8

6

7.9

11.0

2.9

.9

10. 1

2. 3

2 .4

23.5

.

-

-

-

1 Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes provisions for a specified number of overtime hours at either (l) no pay, (2) regular rate, or (3) a premium rate; and premium pay at another rate thereafter.
3 Less than 0 .0 5 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, P a ., October 1953
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics




92

Table B-7: Rate of Pay for Holiday Work
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Pay provision

PERCENT OF PLANT W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN —

l
All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance **

Services

All
industries 1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Services

All w o r k e r s ............................................................

100. 0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

W o rk er s in e s ta b l i s h m e n ts with pay
p r ov is io n s f o r w o rk on paid
holidays 2 ............................................................

7 5. 1

82 .4

93. 1

76 . 3

46.3

70.7

37.0

90.3

94.9

89.9

82. 3

75. 8

66.4

R e gu la r ra t e o n l y ........................................
T im e and o n e - h a l f ................................... ..
Double ti m e .....................................................
Double ti m e and o n e - h a l f .......................
T ri p l e tim e .....................................................
Equal t i m e off ...............................................
Other p l a n ............................................. ..

1.0
1.5
35.2
24. 1
5.5
2.0
5 .8

2 .2
37 . 8
20.7
10.0
3.7
8. 0

_
1.0
79 .4
4 .4

-

3. 1
4 .5
27.6
8.6
2. 5

1.3

10.9
2. 6
8. 6
13.7

-

-

7. 0

-

1.2

_
4.7
35.7
30. 6
19. 3
1.2
3 .4

.7
48 .2
8. 0
33.0

57 .7
11.9
12. 7

.4
7.9

_
4. 1
37.4
26.0
16.4
.8
5. 6

2.4
3 7.4
17. 3
18.7
-

_
12.0
27.0
24.0
3 .4
-

W o rk er s in e s ta b l i s h m e n ts with
no f o r m a l p o l ic y .............................................

24. 6

17. 6

3. 8

23.7

63. 0

7.5

4.2

-

10.2

24.2

23.3

W o rk er s in e s ta b l i s h m e n ts with
no paid holidays .............................................

.3

2.2

.9

10. 1

7 .5

1
2
*
**

-

-

61.6
5.0
2 .7

53.7

3.1

Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes holiday pay and rate for work on paid holiday.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.




-

12.9
48.6
2.8
1.3
3.8
29.3

-

_
-

-

-

10.3

Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, Pa. , October 1953
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

93

Table B-8: Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Item
Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance**

100

100

100

100

100

67
1
66
33

72
1
71
28

92
8
84
8

52
2
50
48

56

All
industries

All w o rk e rs............................ ...........................
Formal rate structure .................................
Single r a t e ............................................
Range of r a t e s ............................................
Individual r a te s .................................................

Services

All
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Services

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

63

36
2
34
64

88
54
34
12

90
56
34
10

100
55
45
-

74
43
31
26

79
39
40
21

79
71
8
21

100

100

100

100

100

100

69
31
15
12
4

62
38
22
16
-

91
9
(3)
(3)
9

99
1

76
24
(3)
2
22

79
21
9
4
8

81

87

87

59

51

83

WAGE STRUCTURE FOR TIM E-RATED
WORKERS2

-

-

56
44

63
37

METHOD OF WAGE PAYMENT FOR
PLANT WORKERS
A ll workers ........................................................

DATA

NOT

COLLECTED

Time w o rk e r s...................................................
Incentive workers ..........................................
Piecework ......... .........................................
Bonus w ork...................................................
C o m m ission .................................................

_

-

1

LABOR-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS4
Workers in establishments with
agreements covering a majority
of such w o rk e r s............................................

13

24

65

1

12

-

6

1 Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Estimates for office workers are based on total office employment, whereas estimates for plant workers are based on time-rated employees only.
3 Less than 0 .5 percent.
4 Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category. The estimates so
obtained are not necessarily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by the provisions of the labor-management agreements due to the exclusion of sm aller-size
e stablishments.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, Pa. , October 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics




95
PORTLAND

(OREG.),

The 4 - county Portland Metropolitan area is a major center
of trade and commerce in the Pacific Northwest. Large concen
trations of workers in wholesale and retail trade, transportation
and public utilities, finance, and services industries together make
Portland predominantly a center of nonmanufacturing industrial
activity. Diversified manufacturing industries, accounting for ap
proximately one-third of the areafs industrial employment, include
metalworking, food products, lumber, and paper products. This
current study, conducted in September 1953, presents data from
145 establishments employing over 60, 000 workers, which were
selected to represent over 550 establishments employing over
115,000 workers in 6 major industry groupings (see table following).
Wage Structure
Most plant workers in Portland are paid on a time-rate
rather than on an incentive basis. The plant (nonoffice) work force
in the industries within scope of the survey was divided in the ratio
of 7 to 1 between workers paid on a time-rate basis and those
employed under some form of wage incentive plan. Nearly all of
the time-rated plant workers were employed in establishments with
formal wage structures that provided an established single rate or
range of rates for each job classification. Manufacturing plant
employees generally worked under single rate systems whereas
nearly half of the plant workers in the public utility and retail
trade divisions were in establishments with rate-range systems.
Formal wage structures covered three-fourths of the office workers
and in nearly all cases provided a range of rates for each job
category.
Formal wage structures which also provided for classi
fying jobs in a series of labor grades or rate steps were reported
by relatively few establishments, however. Of the 145 establish
ments studied, labor grade systems covered plant jobs in 12 estab
lishments and office jobs in 23 establishments.
These were dis
tributed among a variety of manufacturing as well as nonmanufac
turing industries. Plant and office pay systems ranged from 5 or
less grades to more than 15 labor grades.
Occupational Pay Levels
Women secretaries, general stenographers, and routine
copy typists (class B) had average weekly salaries of $66. 50, $56,
and $46 respectively, in September 1953 as compared with $64.50,
$54, and $43 respectively, in September 1952, the date of an
earlier Bureau survey.
Straight-time average hourly earnings for the skilled main
tenance jobs ranged from $2. 13 for mechanics to $2. 33 for tooland-die makers; carpenters and machinists averaged $2. 28 an hour
and machine-tool operators in toolrooms, pipefitters, and sheetmetal workers averaged $2.21. Among the numerically important



SEPTEMBER

1953

men’s plant jobs studied, janitors averaged $1.45, m
a
t
e
r
i
a
laborers $1. 73, and drivers of medium-size trucks $1. 90.
In
creases over the September 1952 pay levels varied among jobs;
machinists, pipefitters, and tool-and-die makers, for example,
averaged 13 cents more and laborers and truckdrivers received
8 cents more.
Average pay levels tended to be somewhat higher in manu
facturing than in the nonmanufacturing group of industries. Weekly
salaries of secretaries and stenographers averaged $68 and $57.50
in manufacturing and $65.50 and $55 in nonmanufacturing. Simi
larly, men and women janitors, truckdrivers, and watchmen had
higher average pay in manufacturing establishments than in non
manufacturing. Among the jobs for which higher averages were
recorded in the nonmanufacturing segment of the study were ac
counting clerks, payroll clerks, carpenters, electricians, and
automotive mechanics.
Cost-of-Living and Annual Improvement Adjustments
Eleven of the 145 establishments covered by the survey
reported provisions for periodic cost-of-living adjustments and,
2 of these had provisions for annual improvement (productivity)
adjustments. Nearly all of the provisions for cost-of-living adjust
ments applied only to plant workers.
Of the 11 establishments,
5 were in manufacturing, 3 were in the public utility group, and
3 were in trade.
Labor-Management Agreements
Five-sixths of the plant workers in the industry and estab
lishment-size groups covered by the survey were employed in
establishments having labor-management agreements covering a
majority of the plant workers. A sixth of the office workers were
employed in establishments with agreements covering a majority
of such workers.
The proportion of plant workers covered by
labor-management agreements in manufacturing exceeded that in
nonmanufacturing industries but the reverse was true in the case
of office workers.
Work Schedules
Less than 2 percent of the office and plant workers were
scheduled to work more than 40 hours a week during September
1953.
Fully 90 percent of the women office workers were on a
40-hour schedule and an even larger proportion of all plant workers
within the scope of the study were on the 8-hour, 5-day workweek.

l

-

h

a

96

Overtime Pay
Nearly all of the plant and office workers were employed
in establishments which provided premium rates of pay for work
performed in excess of regular weekly schedules. Such provisions
almost always called for payment of one and a half times the
regular rate for work in excess of 40 hours a week.
However,
about a tenth of the plant workers were in plants providing double
time for work in excess of 40.
Premium pay for hours worked
in excess of daily scheduled hours was more prevalent for plant
than for office workers.
Shift Operations
A fourth of the plant labor force in manufacturing was
employed on extra shifts at the time of the study. Nearly all of
these workers were paid a premium for working on second or later
shifts.
Shift differentials were most commonly paid in the form
of a cents-per-hour addition to first-shift rates; they were also
paid in percentage form, in the form of a full day’s pay for reduced
hours, and in combinations of the latter and cents-per-hour or
percentage payments.
Paid Holidays
Almost all of the office workers and over five-sixths of
the plant workers were employed in establishments which provided
holidays with pay, typically 6 or 7 in number. Two-thirds of the
office workers and three-fourths of the plant workers were employed

in establishments which made provision for pay for work on these
paid holidays when necessary. Double time (including holiday pay)
was most commonly granted for work on paid holidays.
Paid Vacations
Vacations with pay were provided to nearly all plant and
office workers in Portland.
A majority of the office workers
received 2 weeks* vacation after 1 year of service while nearly
all of the plant workers received 1 week’ s vacation after a year’ s
service. The vacation period was generally 2 weeks for both plant
and office workers after 5 years’ service.
Three-fifths of the
office workers were employed in establishments that provided 3
or more weeks after 25 years* service; two-fifths of the plant
workers were also entitled to similar vacations upon completion
of this period of service.
Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
Nine-tenths of the office workers and about eight-tenths
of the plant workers were in establishments which paid at least
part of the cost of some form of health, insurance, or pension
plan available to these groups.
Benefits available to a majority
of both office and plant workers included life, hospitalization,
surgical, and medical insurance. Less prevalent were accidental
death and dismemberment insurance, sickness and accident insur
ance, catastrophe insurance, and sick leave plans. Pension plans
were available to seven-tenths of the office workers and somewhat
less than half of the plant workers.

Establishments and Workers Within Scope of Survey and Number Studied in Portland, O reg.,1 by Major Industry Division, September 1953
Number of establishments
Industry division

Minimum-size
establishment
in scope of
study 2

Within
scope of
study

Studied

Workers
Studied

Within
scope of
study

Total

Office

All d iv ision s...................................................................................................

51

565

145

118,968

52,433

9, 627

Manufacturing ..............................................................................................
Nonmanufacturing .......................................................................................
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication,
and other public utilities . ...............................................................
Wholesale t r a d e * ...................................................................................
Retail tr a d e ..............................................................................................
Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e * ...........................................
Services 3 * ...............................................................................................

51
51

246
319

62
83

57,908
61, 060

27,625
34,808

2, 008
7, 619

51
51
51
51
51

63
88
88
36
44

20
18
20
10
15

22,7 2 4
10,458
17,796
5, 301
4, 781

16,056
3, 148
10,644
3, 014
1, 946

2,
1,
1,
2,

532
005
501
366
215

2 Portland Metropolitan Area (Clackamas, Multnomah, and Washington Counties, O reg.; and Clark County, W ash.).
Total establishment employment. For wage study purposes, all outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service
and
motion-picture theaters are considered as one establishment.
Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radiobroadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations- and en
gineering and architectural services.
* This mdustry division is appropriately represented in estimates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables although coverage was in
sufficient to justify separate presentation of data.




97

A: Occupational Earnings
Table A-1: Office Occupations
( A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s i s
in P o r t la n d , O r e g . , b y in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n , S e p t e m b e r 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

A ver a g e

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Number
of
workers

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
5
$
$
$
$
5
$
30. 00 32. 50 35. 00 37. 50 40. 00 42. 50 45. 00 47. 50 50. 00 52.50 55. 00 57.50 6 0 .00 62. 50 65. 00 6 7 .5 0 70. 00 72. 50 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 95.00
and
■
- .
"
under
32. 50 35. 00 37. 50 40 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 45. 0 0 47. 50 5 0 .00 52. 50 55.00 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .00 6 2 .50 6 5 .00 67. 50 70. 00 72. 50 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 95. 00 over

Men
$

_
-

_

_

-

-

_
-

1
1

_
-

3
2
1

3
1
2

12
9
3

10
2
8

5
4
1

11
5
6

18
8
10

13
5
8

3
_
3

_

_

-

-

_
-

4
4

18
6
12

2
2

8
8

7
3
4

12
7
5

1
1
-

3
3
-

11
7
4

2
2
-

2
2
-

_

_
-

4
4

4
4

2
2

17
17

20
20

23
23

3
_
3

15
_
15

17
_
17

20
8
12

34
15
19

29
11
18

10
1
9

33
22
11

_

_

_

_

2

2

_

8

1

4

3

1

4

1

2

9
7

4
2

1
-

4
3

6
6

1
-

2
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

3
“

6
6

16
14

4
2

4
4

_

"

2
-

-

4
4

1
1

9
8

8
6

1
-

6
_
6
-

3
3
-

12
12
-

21
11
10
-

27
2
25
14

25
3
22
8

1
1
-

28
2
26
24

20
6
14
3

12
12
12

5
4
1
1

4
3
1
1

_
-

_
-

_
_
-

_
-

_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

14
14

9

-

9

8
8

3
3

36
25

7
7

13
1

_
-

6
6

1
1

-

_
-

-

-

-

-

_
-

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

9
9

6
2
4

4
4

8
8

_
-

6
2
4

8
8
-

4
4

3
3
-

3
3

15
10
5

1
1
-

_
_
-

_
-

17
17

27
27

44
44

49
7
42

46
46

79
3
76

44
16
28

40
19
21

50
13
37

9
1
8

2
1
1

1
1

_
-

2
_
2

_
_
-

_
_
-

_

-

4
4
43
18
25
-

1
1
1

6
6
6

26
1
25
3

12
2
10
1

9
4
5
2

34
24
10
6

14
4
10
9

4
4
-

_
_
25
3
22
--

15
_
15

2
2
2

21
21
15
11
4
1

9
8
1
-

18
1
17
-

_
-

81
33
48

26
17

7

10

45
3
42
33
-

33
2
31
24
-

4
_
4
1
3

_

_

1
4
4

49
23
26
20
-

5
_

2

_
_
1
1
1

2
2

6
3

4

2
2

1

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

_
-

_

-

-

-

-

74.50
87.50
70.50

_
-

_
-

_

-

_
-

2
2

4 0 .0

68.50

_

_

_

_

49
27

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

4 4 .00
45.00

3
-

4
4

3
-

-

12
5

58
45

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

72.00
72.50

_

_

_

_

-

■

-

B illers, machine (billing m a c h in e )..........
Manufacturing ............................................
Nonmanufacturing ......... ...........................
Public utilities * ............................

164
32
132
63

4 0 .0
40. Q
40.0
4 0 .0

52.50
54.00
52. 00
55.50

.

.

_

-

-

-

B illers, machine (bookkeeping
m ach in e)............................................................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................

97
74

40. 0
40. 0

50.00
49. 00

-

Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class A ..............................................................
Manufacturing ............................................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................

67
26
41

40. 0
40. 0
40. 0

64. 50
70. 00
61. 00

_
-

_
-

Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class B ..............................................................
Manufacturing.................................. ..
Nonmanufacturing .....................................

446
81
365

40. 0
3 9.5
40. 0

52.00
56.50
51.00

_
-

-

Clerks, accounting, class A .....................
Manufacturing ............................................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................
Retail t r a d e ............................................

184
70
114
31

40. 0
39.5
40. 0
41. 0

68.50
67. 50
69.00
63.50

Clerks, accounting, class B .......................
Manufactur i n g .....................................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................
Public utilities * ...................................
Retail t r a d e ............................................

600
181
419
104
98

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0
4 0 .0

56.50
55. 00
5 7 .50
63.50
50.50

61
48

40. 0
39.5

56.50
56. 50

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_

Clerks, accounting, class A .......................
Manufacturing..............................................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................

79
36
43

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0

77.50
76.00
79.00

Clerks, accounting, class B . . ...................
Manufacturing ............................................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................

70
31
39

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0

66.50
70.50
6 3 .00

Clerks, order .....................................................
Manufacturing ............................................
Nonmanufacturing .....................................

233
57
176

4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0

Clerks, payroll ............................ ............. ..

28

Office bovs ..........................................................
Nonmanufacturing .......................................
Tabulating-machine o p e r a to r s ...................
Nonmanufacturing.......................................

_

_

_

-

-

Women

Clerks, file, class A
N onmanuf actur ing

.....................................
.....................................

_

.
! ---- 7“ | -

_

.

_
_
_
_
_

2
2
-

_

!

_

_

_
-

-

4
_
4
_
4

18
1
17
_
4

37
12
25
10

57
15
42
1
18
_

5

10

5
4
1
62
21
41
1
16

15

7
7

13
13

7

55
15
40
9

15
5

5

9

32
17
15
5

2

_

1

5

2
-

46
4
42
_
-

2
2

_

_

_

_

_
_

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_

_

_

i-----------

S ee fo o tn o te at en d o f t a b le .
O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , P o r t la n d , O r e g . , S e p te m b e r 1953
*
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R




B u rea u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s

98

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Portland, Oreg. , by industry division, September 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Average
Sex , occu pat ion , and i n d u s tr y d i v i s io n

Num
ber
of
w
orkers

$
$
%
$
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
60.00 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 70 .0 0 7 2 . 5 0 *7 5 .0 0 80.00 *85.00 $9 5 .0 0
W
eekly
W
eekly
50.00 5 2 .5 0 *55.00 5 7 . 5 0 $
30.00 3 2 . 5 0 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0 40 .0 0 4 2 . 5 0 45 . 00 4 7 . 5 0 $
hours
earnings
and
and
(Standard) (Standard) under
over
3 2 . 5 0 3 5 . 0 0 3 7 . 5 0 4 0. 00 4 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 5 0 50 .00 5 2 .5 0 55 .0 0 5 7 . 5 0 60.00 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 70 .0 0 7 2 . 5 0 7 5 . 0 0 80.00 85 .0 0 9 5 .0 0

W om en - Con tin ue d
C l e r k s , fi le, c l a s s B ...................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................................
N o nm an uf act ur ing ............................... .. .
P u b l i c u ti li ti e s * .................................

236
44
192
34

40.0
40. 0
40.0
40.0

$
44.50
4 9 .0 0
43.50
49.50

C l e r k s , o rd er ..................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................................
N on ma nu fa ct u rin g
...................................

115
34
81

40.0
40.0
40.0

55.00
'"51'TTo""
56.50

C l e r k s , p a y r o l l .......................................... ..
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ............................................
N on ma nuf act ur ing ....................................
P u b l i c u ti li ti e s * .................................
R e t a i l t rad e ..........................................

315
142
173
53
65

40.0
40. 0
40.0
40. 0
40. 5

5 9 .0 0
5 8 .0 0
59.50
. 00
54.50

Com ptometer operators
............................
Man uf ac tur ing
..........................................
N on ma n uf act u rin g
....................................
R e t a i l tr ad e ..........................................

448
12 9
319

10
1

40.0
40.0
4 0. 0
4 0. 0

55 .
56.
54.
55.

D u p li c a t in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s
( m i m e o g r a p h or d i t t o ) ...............................
N o nm an uf act ur ing ...................................

39
36

40. 0
4 0. 0

K e y - p u n c h o p e r a t o r s ....................................
M a nu fac tur ing ...........................................
N o nm an uf act u rin g ...................................
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * .................................

176
51
125
42

O ff ic e g i r l s ........................................................
M an uf ac tur ing
..........................................
N o nm an uf act ur ing ...................................

66

00
00
50
00

-

17
17

1
2
1
2

28

30

20

-

-

-

-

-

3

_

_

_

5

5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
.
1

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

28

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

_

_

4

5

31

1

5

5

2
2
_
1

2
2
6

25
17

19

-

-

-

-

-

-

4

5
3

1
0

19

-

-

50. 50
50 .00

-

-

-

-

3
3

40.0
40.0
4 0. 0
40.0

54. 50
55.00
54.50
56. 00

_

2
2

2
2

-

-

-

-

-

154
38
116

39.5
40. 0
39. 5

39.50
44. 00
! 38.50
|

3
3

40

34

! 23
i 13

-

40

32

19
19

S e c r e t a r i e s ........................................................
..........................................
M a nu fac tur ing
No nm a nu fa ct u rin g ...................................
P u b l i c u ti li ti e s * ...............................
R e t a i l t r a d e .............................................

487
197
290

66. 50
68. 00

_

_
_
-

_

_

_
-

_

63

40.0
4 0. 0
40. 0
40. 0
40. 0

S t e n o g ra p h e r s, g e n e r a l ...............................
M an uf ac tur ing
..........................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .....................................
P u b l i c u ti li ti es *
...............................
R e t a i l t rad e ..........................................

876
260
61 6
93
69

39.5
40.0
39. 5
4 0. 0
40. 0

56. 00
57.50
55. 00
57.50
5 2 .0 0

S t e n o g r a p h e r s, t e c h n i c a l ............................

47

40.5

62.50

_

40.0
40.0
40.0

50 .0 0
50. 00
58. 00

-

4 0. 0
4 0. 0
40. 0
40.5

53. 00
55. 00
51.00
42.50

Switchboard-operators
...............................
N on ma n uf act u rin g ...................................
P u b l i c u ti li ti es * .................................
Sw itc hb o ar d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s . . .
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................................
N on ma nu fa ct u rin g ...................................
R et ai l tr ad e ..........................................

8
8

212
199
52
2 67

10
2

147
39

65.50
73 . 0 0
58 .0 0

-

_

2

:

1

-

-

6
6

-

-

|

8
8

1
0
1
1
_
1

14
_
4

1
1
2
9
3

8
8
1
1
1
1
-

8
4
4
_
_
_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

18

_

-

_

-

-

5
_
5

20
20

-

9

.

_

.

-

-

-

41
41

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

9
9

-

27
_
27
14

26

-

9
_

_

5

18

'

See footnote at end o f ta b le.
*
T ransportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.




-

-

-

-

‘

61
14
47

1
1
2
1
19
2

-

1

23
3

27
-

27
5

1

20
20
1
2
6

14

8
1

5
54
17
37

2

1
1
1
0
5
5

2
6
4
2
5
4

1
1

_

61
16
45

2
1
0
2

33
33
4

8
4
4

2

31
13
18

2
1
1
1
1
8
2
6
_
6

24

i
!
!

16
6
io

1
0

3
------j _

2
14
1

1
2
3
5

6
3
3
3
_
-

34
16

16

1

15

1
0
2

20
54
1
2

43
16
27
4

6
6
1
2
8
4
2
2
1
1
2
2
_
2

6
6

3
3

14

55

1
1

44
3

6

_
18
18
3
32
23
9
5

74

15
7

8
6

14
7
7
25
_
25
_
13
95
28
67
7
13

1
2
1
16
4
28
5
23

1

9
4
5
4
_
7
------

~1
6
_
5
96
25
71
15

1

5

1
4
2
2
2
2
2
19
9

1
0
1
6
43
14
29

1
0

2
2
25
— TT"

1
1

35
n ”i r ~
ii
i
7

40

16

35
9
26

1

9
98
41
57

1
2
6

2
14
1
_

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5

_

.

.
_

_
_

_
_

_

-

15
_
15

.

-

2
_
2

-

_

-

"

-

15
4

3
3
_
_

7
_

29
23

7
4
3
_

-

-

-

-

5

7

16

1
1

5

2

3
3

5

3

-

_

3
3

5

-

48
24
24

51

8
1
1
8

2
2
18

8
1
0

22

20
1
0
1
0

6
1
1

9

2
l

[
!

7

4

2
5
2

_

_

|

_

-

1
1
6

7
1

4

33
17
16
7
3

57
2 6' .
31
17
3

36
19
17

9

2
2
1
1
1
1
1
6

35
13

15

41
26
15

1

1
1
1
1
1
0
2
2
2

15

1
1
4

68
2
1
47
5

1
2

2
1
1

15
15

-

-

1
2
1
1
1
0
1

-

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1
1
1

_

-

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

3

5
_

_

-

3

5

_
_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

.
-

_

.

_

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

18

4
_

-

76
27
49

93
46
47

-

-

35

161
46
11 5

-

-

60
17
43
9

6

-

2
2
_
2
2

-

-

8

_
_
_

3
7
_

.
-

-

1
1
1
0

7
7

_

2
1
1

_
-

-

14
3

-

1
0

-

6

-

2
1

-

2
_
2
2

13

2
2
2

-

18
14
9

'

_

_

-

28
24
7

8
1

_
_

"

13

7

_
_

_
_

.

2
2

_
_
_

7
4

1
0

1

1

_
_
_

73
49

-

5
4

_
-

15

5

29
19

_
-

1

83

6
1
1

_
-

4

-

34

1
2
2
2
7
1

17
5

2
1
13
8

6
1
2

7

9

4
4

-

-

-

-

1
1
1
20
_
20
2

7
4
3
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

-

-

-

2

7
4

3

-

-

-

5

4

.

1

3

3
3
3

2
2
2

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

3

1
_
1

_
-

_
_

-

~

“

“

2

1
6

1
1

-

-

'

'

'

6
_
6
“

'

52
27
25

_
_
_
_

7

6
4
2

3
3

2
2

_
_

3
_

99

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Portland, Oreg. , by industry division, September 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Average

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Number
of
workers

$
$
^ 5 . 00 $ 7 . 5 0 $ 0 . 00 $ 2 . 5 0 4 5 . 0 0 4 7 . 5 0
4
4
3

! o . 00 1 2 .5 0
Weekly
Weekly
earnings
hours
and
(Standard) (Standard) under
3 2 .5 0 3 5 .0 0

3 7 .5 0

4 5 . 00 4 7 . 5 0

4 2 .5 0

4 0 . 00

5 0 . 00

5 0 . 00
5 2 . 50

$
$
$
$
$,
$
$
S
5
5 2 . 5 0 $5 5 . 0 0 5 7 . 50 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 0 0 6 7 . 5 0 $ 7 0 . 0 0 7 2 . 5 0 7 5 . 00 $8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 $ 9 5 .0 G

5 5 .0 0

5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 00 6 2 . 5 0

and
over

6 7 .5 0

7 0 . 00

7 2. 50

7 5 . 00

1

6

3

2

_

.

.

4
4

_
-

_
-

5
5

_
-

_
-

_
_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

6
6

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

6
6

-

-

-

6 5 . 00

8 0 .0 0

8 5 . 00

9 5 . 00

Women - Continued
Tabulating-machine operators ....................

47

$
5 6 . 00

40. 0

_

2
-

1

_ . i

_
-

_
-

_

_

4

2

4

5

30
hT 4 —
16

2
2
1
2
1
0

8

5

4

.

|

Transcribing-machine operators,
general ..........................................................
Manufacturing ..........................................
Nonmanufacturing .................................

1 59
64
95

4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0

5 1 .5 0
5 5 . 00
4 9 .5 0

_
-

-

Tvpists, class A ................................................ ..
Manufacturing ..........................................
Nonmanufacturing ...........................................

269
62
207

40. 0
40. 0
40. 0

5 4 . 00
5 7 .5 0
5 3 . 00

_

_

Tvpists, class B ...................................................
Manufacturing ...................................................
Nonmanufacturing ...........................................
Public utilities * .....................................
Retail tr a d e ..................................................

727
113
614
72
103

40.
40.
40.
40.
40.

0
0
0
0
0

4 6 . 00
5 1 . 00
4 5 . 00
5 3 . 00
4 2 .5 0

-

i

-

i

-

_

-

-

-

42
i
42
_

55
55
_

129
4
1 25
_

1
0

15

1
2
_
1
2

31

26

30

25

104
18

69

8
1

1
0
1

8
6
1
0

89

2
1

3

23

99

-

-

|

12
13
13

_

| -

|
“

1 21
2
1
_
1
0

5
_
5
_
5

i

1
2

1
2
_
1
2

_

;

18

5

1

20
49
3

1
0

52
3
49
71
18
53

1
2
2
1

39

20
19

6
6
16
50
36

-

20

15
7

hT 5 —
4
42
15
27
27
17

8

29

8
2
1
1
2
7
5

1
0
4

1

-

-

4

2
2
1
1

1
1

3

3

8

8
2
_
2

2
1

_

_

_

_
_

_

_
_

_
_
_

_
_

-

-

-

2

2
_
2

_

18
3
15
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

5
_
5

.

1 Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.

Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Portland, Oreg. , by industry division, September 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGH T-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-

A verage

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Number
of
workers

s
$
$
$
$
$
S
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
50. 00 52. 50 55.00 57. 50 60. 00 62. 50 65. 00 67. 50 70. 00 72. 50 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00
and
"
under
52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 60. 00 62. 50 65. 00 67. 50 70. 00 72. 50 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00

$

$

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

Men
Draftsmen, s e n io r ...................................................
M anufacturing ......................................................................

148
137

40 .0
40.0

Draftsmen, iunior ...................................................
Manufacturing.....................................................

56
42

40. 0
40. 0

i

88. 50
89. 00
71.00
71.00

_

_

-

-

_

_

-

_

-

_

i

!
— I ------- 1----- - ------

:

_

_

-

-

-

4
4

_
“

22
19

6
6
6
6

6
6
5

1
1
1

i
-

3
3

2

2
2
2
2

3
3

2
2-

_

_

-

-

19
15

28
23

56
55

11
10

13
13

10
10

3

7
3

8
6

4
3

2
1

_

_

■

“

3
2
1

3
2
1
1

3

_

_

_

_

_

.

3
3
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

6
6

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

3
3

j
Women
N urses, industrial (registered) .....................
One-nurse u n it..............................................
Manufacturing ......................................................................
One-nurse u n it .............................................................

37
35
32
32

40. 0
40 .0
40. 0
4 0.0

65.50
65.00
64. 50
64. 50

6
6
6
6

_

_

-

-

-

-

3
3

5

4
4
4
4

1

Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.




Occupational Wage Survey, Portland, Oreg. , September 1953
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

100

Table A-3*. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(A vera g e hou rly e a rn in g s 1 fo r m en in se le cte d occupations studied on an a rea b asis
in P ortla n d , Or eg. , by industry d ivisio n , Septem ber 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E H OURLY EARNINGS OF—

O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n

C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ..............................
M a n u fa ctu rin g ................................................
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ......................................
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ...................................

Number
of
Workers

204
------- T52“
52
28

Average
hourly
earnings

$
$
1 .3 5 1 .4 0
and
under
1 .4 0 1 .4 5

$
1 .4 5 $ .5 0 *1.55 1 . 6 0
1
1. 50

1 .5 5

1 .6 0

1 .6 5

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .6 5 $ 70 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 $1 .8 5 $1. 90 $1 .9 5 $ . 00 2 . 0 5 2 . 10 $2 . 15 2 . 2 0 $2 . 2 5 2 . 3 0 2 . 3 5 2 . 4 0 2 . 5 0 2 . 6 0 2 . 70 2 . 8 0
2
1.
1. 70

$
2 .2 8
2 .2 5
2 .3 7
2 .2 1

-

-

-

-

_

_
-

_
-

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

E l e c t r ic i a n s , m a in te n a n c e .......... ..
M a n u fa ctu rin g ...............................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g .......................................
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * ...................................

277
244
33
27

2 .2 9
2 .2 7
2 , 50
2 . 51

E n g in e e r s , s t a t io n a r y ...................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ......................................

244
162
82

2 . 15
2 .1 9
2 .0 8

F ir e m e n , s ta t io n a r y b o i l e r .........................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

194
U R T

1 .9 5
1. 94

H e lp e r s , t r a d e s , m a i n t e n a n c e ............. ..
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

296
258

1 .8 5
1 .8 4

M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m . . . .
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

45
32

2 .2 1
2 . 17

M a c h in is t s , m a i n t e n a n c e ..............................
M a n u fa ctu rin g . .............................................

149
129

2 .2 8
2 .2 9

M e c h a n ic s .a u to m o t iv e (m a in te n a n c e ) . . .
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ......................................
P u b lic u t ilit ie s * .............................. .. .

1 .0 0 1
116
885
626

2 . 17
2 .0 7
2 . 18
2 .1 9

M e c h a n ic s , m a i n t e n a n c e ..............................
M a n u f a c t u r in g .................... ...........................

450
416

2 .1 3
2 . 14

M i l l w r i g h t s ...........................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

200
200

2 .2 0
2 .2 0

O i l e r s .......................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ............. ..................................

133
126

P a in t e r s , m a in te n a n c e .................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g . . . . ............................

_

-

-

_

~

1. 80

1 .8 5

1 .9 0

1. 95

-

-

-

-

-

1
1

4
4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

.

-

-

3
3
-

5
5
-

_
-

4
4
-

1
1

_

_

-

-

14
14

2 . 00

12
12

-

-

_
-

2 . 05 2 . 10 2 . 15

5
5
5

7
7

2 .2 0

2 .2 5

2 .3 0

2 .3 5

2 .4 0

2 . 50

2 .6 0

20
8
12
12

30
30
-

15
14
1
1

30
30
-

7
7
-

-

13
3
10
10

6
6
6

7
7
-

_
-

14
14
-

59

58
1

7
7
-

82
81
1

36
35
1

_
-

1
1

1
1

1
1

21
21

47
4
43

55
43
12

45
41
4

16
16

28
28

_
-

_

-

7
7

"

“

"

~

16
16

4
4

4
4

-

*

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

2 . 70

52
29
23

-

-

-

-

15
15

12
12

2
-

3
3

18
18

33
32

20
20

28
28

12
12

18
13

-

_

9
9

"

_

1 .7 5

14
14

23
20

14
14

29
29

159
131

6
6

22
20

10
8

1
-

6
4

1
1

'

-

and
over

8
7
1
-

-

-

15
15
15

28
22
6
6

9
8
1

5
4
1

4
4
“

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2 . 80

-

"

_

-

8
8

-

-

3
3

.

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1

_

-

5
5

_

-

1
1

.

-

30
25

8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
2

3
-

13
9

10
4

10
10

2
2

8
8

54
54

7
7

8
8

_

-

1
1

-

21
14

8
8

1
1

1
1

_

_
-

_

_
-

_

10
10

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

39
-

"

11
11

9
6

-

-

-

-

-

5
2
3
3

-

-

537
3
534
534

6
6
-

-

235
43
192
12

_

-

74
31
43
20

9

-

31
1
30
30

-

-

15
6
9
9

-

-

4
4
-

11

-

8
4
4
-

-

-

7
6
1
1

10

-

_
-

39

-

_
-

_

-

_

_

_

.

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

4
3

12
’2

44
24

U

9
6

18
18

166
166

40
36

41
41

48
48

2
-

1

-

33
33

_

-

5
5

24

-

1
-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

15
15

6
6

4
4

8
8

25
25

106
106

_

-

4
4

_

-

16
16

-

-

4
4

12
12

1 .8 2
1 .8 1

2
2

13
13

6
6

-

10
10

-

4
4

-

4
4

58
58

8
8

17
17

1
1

1

-

-

1
1

6
-

-

-

-

-

-

2
2

112
74
38

2 .2 3
2 .2 4
2 .2 1

_

_
-

_

_

-

-

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

4
4
-

4
4

11
11

4
4

16
16
-

5
3
2

25
25
-

15
15
-

-

25
10
15

2
2

-

-

-

-

_
“

-

"

-

P i p e f it t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e .......... ...................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ........................................ ..

111
103

2 .2 1

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

8

-

_

_

-

-

-

V

-

-

-

-

*

59
59

_

~

5
5

_

-

37
37

_

-

2
2

_

-

-

'

-

-

-

S h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a in te n a n c e . . . .

32

2 .2 1

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

14

_

_

_

_

13

_

-

2

3

T o o l - a n d - d i e m a k e r s .................. .....................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

44
44

2 .3 3
2 .3 3

4
4

11
11

8
8

_

_

-

1 E xcludes p rem ium pay fo r overtim e and nightwork.
* T ransportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication,




-

-

_

_

-

_

and other public utilities

_

-

_

_

-

-

1
1

-

-

10
-

— 13
13

-

-

-

-

-

2
-

_

.

-

-

.

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

___ 8 _
8

O ccupation al W age S urvey, P ortla n d , O r e g ., S eptem ber 1953
U.'S. DE P A RT M EN T O F LA BO R
B ureau o f L a b or S ta tistics

101

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(A verage hou rly earnings 1 fo r se le cte d occup ations 2 studied on an a re a basis
in P ortland , O re g . , by industry d iv isio n , Septem ber 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Number
of
Workers

Average
hourly
earnings

$
$
1
U nder 1 .0 0 $ .0 5 1. 10 V 15
and
$
1. 00 u n d er
1 .0 5 1. 10 1. 15 1 .2 0

$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .3 0 $ .3 5 1 .4 0 *1.45 1 .5 0 *1.55 * 1.60 * 1.65 *1. 70 *1 . 7 5 1 .8 0 $1 .8 5 $1 . 90 * 1 .9 5 $ . 00 * 2 .0 5 *2. 10 2 . 2 0 2 . 3 0
1
2

\ .Z 0

$ .2 5
1

1 .2 5

1 .3 0

1 .3 5

1 .4 0

1 .4 5

1 .5 0

-

-

and
1 .6 0

1 .6 5

1 .7 0

1 .7 5

1. 80

7
— F~

-

5
4

-

85
35
50
9
5

48
24
24
16
8

55
26
29
24
5

1
1
-

-

1 .5 5

1 .8 5

1. 90

1 .9 5

2 .0 0

2 .0 5

-

-

14
14

4
4

-

-

-

40
17
23
20

169
169
-

21
19
2

1
1
-

_
-

8
8
-

_
_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4
4

-

3
3

-

-

-

-

203
84
119
5

156
4
152
38

155
34
121
48

27 8
170
108
7

142
16
126
-

416
416

2 . 10 2 . 2 0

2 .3 0

over

-

-

-

-

10
10

-■

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

_
-

_
-•

_
-

_
-

32
16
16

48
48

2
2
-

_
-

_
-

$
-

-

-

-

2
----- r ~

-

-

11

16
16
_
-

29
29
9
20

85
5
79
8
38

154
7
147
14
63

83
rs
65
13
43

114

-

19
19
_
2

51
15
9

17
13
1

8
8

8
3
5

7
7

7
7

45
6
39

29
12
17

3
2
1

10
4
6

9
7
2

8
8

_
-

_
-

_
_
_

4
_
4
4

9
_
9
9

4
_
4
4

_
_
_

-

17
_
17
16

12
_
12
12

110
80
30
-

5
5
5

22
T
6
6

15
10
5
5

64
~ §9
5
5

2
_
2
2

4
_
4
4

7
_
7
7

3
_
3
3

_
-

_
-

-

-

1
_
1
1

1
_
1
1

2
_
2
2

31
16
15
3

2
2
2

5
5
5

2
2
2

1
1
1

2
_
2
2

_
-

.
_
_

-

-

2
2
2

2
2
2

5
4
1
1

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

1
1

1
1

4
4

_
-

_

.

-

1
1
1

_
-

-

-

41
34

1 .7 0
1 .7 2

-

J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s
(m e n ) ....................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ......................................
P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ....................................
R e t a il t r a d e ................................. ............

1, 153
556
597
146
203

1 .4 5
1 .5 6
1 .3 3
1 .4 7
1 .2 7

27
27
_
9

J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and
c le a n e r s ( w o m e n ) ...........................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g .......................................

141
37
104

1 .2 2
1 .2 8
1 .2 0

L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g .....................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ......................................
R e t a il t r a d e ..............................................

1 ,9 3 3
637
1 ,2 9 6
20 4

1 .7 3
1 .6 7
1. 76
1 .5 2

D rd e r f i l l e r s ........................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r ing ......................................
R e t a il t r a d e ..............................................

965
255
710
196

1. 72
1 .7 6
1 .7 1
1 .7 0

P a c k e r s , sh ip p in g .............................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ......................................
R e t a il t r a d e .............................................

636
256
380
33

1 .6 6
1 .6 4
1 .6 8
1 .4 1

l e c e i v i n g c l e r k s ................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ......................................

123
44
79

1 .8 3
1 .9 7
1. 76

Shipping c l e r k s . . .*...........................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ......................................

182
77
105

1 .8 3
1. 90
1. 78

S h ip p in g - a n d -r e c e iv in g c l e r k s ..................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ......................................
R e t a il t r a d e ..............................................

22 5
132
93
58

1 .8 2
1 .8 2
1 .8 2
1 .8 4

T r u c k d r i v e r s , lig h t (u n d er
IV 2 t o n s ) ...............................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g .......................................

253
202
51

1 .7 9
1 .8 2
1 .6 7

-

-

-

-

13

-

-

-

-

T r u c k d r i v e r s , m e d iu m (IV 2 t o and
in c lu d in g 4 t o n s ) ..............................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
.....................................
P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ......................................
R e t a il t r a d e ..............................................

1 ,2 9 7
192
1, 105
808
110

1 .9 0
1 .9 6
1 .8 9
1 .8 8
1 .8 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_
_
-

~ T T -

-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

'

1
1

.

_
-

_

_

5
5
-

_

-

-

90
41
49
-

12
9
3
3

5
5
1

49
49
-

197
40
157
15

344
20
324
88

152
18
134
30

13
8
5
-

52
49
3
-

16
16
-

39
39
36

13
10
3
-

4
2
2
2

31
31
-

181
181
-

83
_
83
1

30
28
2
2

_

1
1
_

-

186
4
182
9

_
_
-

-

94
_
94
2

-

-

4
3
1

4
4

4
4

3
3
-

11
7
4

22
22

21
_
21

22
6
16

7
— 5” 1
2

13
12
1

_
-

9
2
7

3
3
-

7
6
1

27
3
24

60
9
51

4
4
-

23
10
13

_
_

_
-

_
-

4
4
-

29
13
16

24
24
-

-

-

-

-

14
14
1

35
24
11
11

39
24
15
15

9
6
3
-

1
1

10
4
6

4
4
-

2
1
1

96
86
10

11
_
11

65
65

8
8

_

33
33

122
50
72

_

-

725
30
695
672
20

22 8

-

6
6

_
-

-

-

_
-

-

-

-

-

_
-

8
8
-

_
-

-

-

■ -

8
8
-

-

16
16
-

4

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

-

-

~

-

6
6
6

13

-

-

_

_

-

_

_

_

-

4
-

-

-

1

50
48
2
-

99
""5 9 ”
40
40

-

-

-

T

104
H J5”
8
5
-

1
1
_
-

-

73
~ 5 W ~

_
-

See footnotes at end of table.
*
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




8
7

-

G u ard s .......................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................

-

-

-

_

60

-

-

228
125
20

-

_

-

_

_
-

-

22
20
2
-

-

“

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
1
1

4
4

_

_

11
11

-

-

-

-

4
4
-

11
11

3
3

-

-

-

7
4
3

3
2
1

-

25
1
24
24

26
26
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

-

-

5
2
3
-

-

-

10
10
-

17
8
9

_

_

_
_

_

_

-

-

-

-

42
42

25
5
20
11
9

57
57

46

_

-

_

1
1

_
1

-

_

_

46

_

8
8

_
_
_
_

Occupational Wage Survey, Portland, Oreg. , September 1953
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

102

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations

Continued

(A vera g e hou rly earnings 1 fo r se le cte d occupations 2 studied on an a rea basis
in P ortland , Or eg. , by industry d ivisio n , Septem ber 1953)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Occupation and industry division

Nm
u ber
o
f
W ers
ork

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
A
verage
hu
o rly Under 1. 00 1. 05 1. 10 1. 15 1.2 0 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1. 70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1. 90 1.95 2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2 .2 0
and
ea in s $
rn g
under
1. 00
1. 05 1. 10 1. 15 1.20 1.25 1. 30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1. 55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1. 90 1.95 2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2 .2 0 2. 30

Truckdriver s, heavy (over 4 tons,
trailer tv p e )..................................................
Manufacturing...........................................
Nonmanufacturing ..................................

466
182
284

$
Z . 03
2. 07
2. 00

Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
other than trailer tvD e)............................
Manufacturing .........................................
Nonmanufactur ing ..................................

388
116
272

1.95
2. 02
1.92

Truckers, power (forklift) ......................
Manufacturing .........................................

561
344

1. 84
1.83

127
97

2. 01
2. 03

287
239
48
28

1.54
1.59
1.29
1.25

Truckers, power (other than
forklift) .........................................................
Watchmen................................ ........................
Manufacturing .........................................
Nonmanufacturing ........................... ..
Retail tr a d e .........................................

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
'
_

_

_
_

3

8

-■
3

-

8
8

_

_
'
_

.
_
-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

‘

'

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_

_

_

_

_

5
5

_
-

5
3
2

27
17
10

17
17
-

27
18

1

9

9
7

_

_
_
-

‘
_

38
36
2

11
11

124
40
84

33
8
25

93
3
90

16
16

146
20
126

125
9
116

20
15
5

48
46
2

46

71
66

13
8

1

1

_

1

1

-

1

-

-

3
3
-

24
24

8
8

19
10

72
72

28
28

40
10

182
32

_

_

_

_

_

_

4
4

20
20

1
1
1

10
10
-

34

18
16

2

33

9
9

2
2

2

51
51
-

26
26
-

1

_

8
8

22
18

_

_

'

_

_

_
-

1

_

1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and n ig h tw o r k .
2 D ata lim i t e d t o m e n w o r k e r s , e x c e p t w h e r e o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d .




-

-

_

-

38

_
_
_

ov e :

_
_

56
52
4

86
28
58

21
18

_
-

11
11
-

20
_
20

1?
12
-

24
18

12
12

-

-

24
24

66
36
6
3
3

$
2 .3
and

2
2

_
_

_
_

18
9
9

_

3

.

11
11
_
_

_
_

103

B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Pro visions
Table B-l: Shift Differential Provisions 1
P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa c tu r in g pla n t w o r k e r s (a )
In e s t a b lis h m e n t s h avin g
f o r m a l p r o v i s io n s f o r 2 T h ir d
S econ d
o r o th e r
s h ift
s h ift
w ork
w ork

Shift d iffe r e n t ia l

(b )
A c t u a lly w o r k in g on T h ir d
o r o th e r
s h ift

S econd
s h ift

T o t a l ..................................................................................

9 2 .4

8 2 .8

17. 0

7. 3

W ith sh ift p a y d iffe r e n t ia l ...................................
U n ifo r m c e n t s (p e r h o u r ) ...............................
3 c e n ts .................................................................
4 o r 4 . 5 c e n t s ..................................................
5 c e n ts .................................................................
6 c e n ts .................................................................
7 o r 7 . 5 c e n t s ........................... ......................
9 c e n t s .......................................... ......................
10 c e n ts .............................................................
15 c e n t s ..............................................................
U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ...........................................
10 p e r c e n t .......................................................
1 3 .7 p e r c e n t ..................................................
15 p e r c e n t .........................................................
F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s .............
F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s , p lu s
a c e n t s -a n -h o u r d iffe r e n t ia l ....................
F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s , plu s
a p e r c e n t a g e d iffe r e n t ia l ............................
N o sh ift pay d i f f e r e n t i a l ............... ........................

8 5 .6
5 6 .6
2 .6
2 .8
7 .0
2 3 .2
6. 1
.9
13. 1
.9
1 1 .6
9 .5
.9
1 .2
1 .1

8 2 .8
4 8 .9
2 .7
2 0 .4
5 .1
6 .0
5 .3
9 .4
9 .6
3 .1
.
6 .5
5 .7

1 5 .2
1 0 .2
.9
.5
.4
4 .0
1 .4
. 1
2 .6
.3
2 .5
1 .8
.2
.5
.3

7. 3
5 .2
_
_
_
3. 1
.2
.7
„1
1. 1
.7
_
.7
.6

1 0 .8

1 1 .9

2. 0

.7

5 .5
6 .8

6 .7
"

.2
1 .8

. 1
-

-

1 Shift d iffe r e n t ia l data a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f (a ) e s t a b lis h m e n t p o l i c y , an d ( b ) w o r k e r s
a c t u a lly e m p lo y e d on late s h ift s at the tim e o f th e s u r v e y .
A n e s t a b lis h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s
havin g a p o l ic y i f it m e t e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g c o n d it io n s :
(1 ) O p e r a t e d la te s h ift s at the t im e
o f the s u r v e y , o r (2 ) had f o r m a l p r o v i s io n s c o v e r in g la t e s h ift s .
2 R e v is io n o f e s t im a t e s a p p e a r in g in p r o c e s s e d r e p o r t f o r th is a r e a .

Table B-2: Scheduled Weekly Hours
P e r c e n t o f p lan t w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in -

P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s 1 e m p lo y e d in W e e k ly h o u r s

A l l w o r k e r s .......... ............................. ........................ ..
3 7 V2 h o u r s an d u n d er ...........................................................
O v e r 3 7 V2 and u n d er 40 h o u r s .........................................
40 h ou rs
......................................................................................
O v e r 4 0 h o u r s ....................................................................... ....

A ll
in d u s t r ie s 2

M a n u fa ctu r ing

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

5. 6
2 .4
9 0 .3
1 .7

2 .6
1 .6
9 5 .4
.4

9 4 .4
.5

P u b lic
u t ilit ie s *

R e t a il tr a d e

1 0 0 .0

5. 1
-

A ll
in d u s t r ie s 3

M a n u fa c tu r in g

P u b lic
u t ilit ie s *

R e t a il tr a d e

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

3 .4
-

9 6 .6
3 .4

-

9 5 .4
1 .2

5 .9
-

9 4 .1

-

9 7 .7
2 .3

_
9 7 .7
2 .3

1 D ata r e la t e t o w o m e n w o r k e r s .
2 I n c lu d e s data f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; f in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; an d s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e ly .
3 I n c lu d e s data f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , and s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .
O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , P o r t la n d , O r e g . , S e p te m b e r 1953
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s




104

Table B-3:

Paid Holidays1

P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s

P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in -

A ll
in d u s t r ie s 2

M a n u fa c tu r in g

P u b lic
u t ilit ie s *

R e ta il tr a d e

A ll
in d u s t r ie s 3

A ll w o r k e r s ...............................................................................................

1 0 0 .0

100. 0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id h o lid a y s . . . .
2 d a y s ....................................................................................................
4 d a y s .....................................................................................................
5 d a y s ............................................................ .......................................
6 d a y s ....................................................................................................
7 d ays ....................................................................................................
8 d a y s ....................................................................................................
10 d a y s ..................................................................................................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o p a id h o lid a y s . . .

9 9 .6
5 4 .7
30. 1
1 1 .0
3 .8
.4

100. 0

98. 7
3 2 .3
5 0 .4
14. 1
1 .9
1 .3

100. 0
9 9 .2
_
.8
_

84. 3
1 .6
.4
.5
57. 0
2 3 .3
1 .5
_
1 5 .7

75 . 1
21. 3
3. 6
-

-

P u b li c
u t ilit ie s *

R e t a il t r a d e

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

8 2 .9
_
.7
_
5 5 .9
2 5 .4
.9
_
17. 1

8 5 .8

91. 1
9 .4

M a n u f a c t u r ing

_
_
_

_

_
_
81. 7
_
_
_

1 4 .2

8 .9

30. 8
49. 8
5 .2

1

E s t im a t e s in c lu d e o n ly f u ll - d a y h o lid a y s .
In c lu d e s data f o r w h o le s a le t r a d e ; f in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n t o t h o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .
3 In c lu d e s data f o r w h o le s a le t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , an d s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n t o t h o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s .
z

Table B-4:

Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)

Percent of office workers employed in Vacation policy

All workers .......................................................................................

All
industries 1

Percent of plant workers employed in All
industries 2

Public
utilities *

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100.0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0
100.0
1.2
4 3 .8
5 2.8
1.2
1. 0

100.
100.
4.
48.
41.
5.
-

100. 0
100. 0
_
6 1 .4
33.3

100. 0
100. 0
87.2
12.8

100. 0
95.8
1. 0
84. 9
7. 9
2. 0
3 .5
2 .9
-

100. 0
9 2 .6
1.7
84 .3
3. 1
3 .5
6 .2

100. 0
100. 0
7 3 .4
2 6 .6

100. 0
100.0

Manufacturing

Retail trade

After 1 year of service
Workers in establishments providing paid vacations . . .
Length-of-time payment ....................................................
Less than 1 week . . . .........................................................
1 w e e k ............................................................................. ..
2 weeks ..................................................................................
3 weeks ...................................................................................
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ...........................................
Percentage payment3 .......................................................
2 percent ................................................................................
Over 2 and under 3 p e rce n t.................................. ..
Over 4 and under 6 p e rce n t............................................
Other-type payment .......................................................

-

0
0
7
6
6
1

-

-

5.3
-

-

-

-

-

-

“

“

-

-

~

.6
.7

-

-

9 6 .4
3 .6
_
-

5. 1

-

-

1. 1
1.2

•

-

-

See f o o tn o te s at en d o f t a b le .
O c c u p a t io n a l W a g e S u r v e y , P o r t la n d , O r e g . , S e p t e m b e r 1953
*
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c u ld in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .
U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s




1 05

Table B-4: Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)- Continued
Percent of office workers employed iin Vacation policy

All w o r k e r s ......................................................................................

Percent of plant workers employed in -

All
industries 1

Manufac tur ing

Public
utilities*

Retail trade

All
industries 2

100.0

100. 0

100. 0

100.0

100.0

100. 0
100. 0
15.6
5. 0
76.2
1. 0
1.2
1. 0
-

100. 0
100. 0
15. 1
7. 1
72. 7
_
5. 1
_
-

100. 0
100. 0
2 4 .6
.6
6 9 .5
_
_
5.3
-

100. 0
100. 0
11.9
_
88. 1
_
_
_
-

100. 0
100.0
2 .5
1. 0
93.3
1. 0
1.2
1.0
-

100. 0
100. 0
1 .4
4. 3
89 .2
5. 1
-

100.0
100.0
3 .5
91.2
5.3
-

100.0
100. 0
.9
_
99.1
_
_
-

100.0
100.0
_
94. 7
5 .3
-

100.0
100. 0
.9
99. 1
T

Public
utilitie s *

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0
95. S
56.2
5. 5
32. 1
_
2. 0
_
3. 5
2 .9
.6
.7

100. 0
92.6
6 5 .4
9 .7
14. 0

100. 0
100. 0
3 8 .8
_
6 1.2
_
_
-

100. 0
100. 0
3 3.4
_
6 6.6

100.0
95. 8
19. 0
8 .9
6 5 .9
2 .0
_
3 .5
1.6

100.0
100.0
10.4
89.6
_
-

100.0
100.0
1.4
_
98.6
_
_
-

1.3
.6
.7

100.0
92.6
2 5 .6
14.5
4 9 .0
_
3 .5
6 .2
2 .9
2 .2
1. 1
1.2

100.0
95. 8
1. 0
92.1
2. 7
3 .5
2 .9
.6
.7

100.0
92.6
88.0
4 .6
6 .2
5. 1
1. 1
1.2

100.0
100.0
2 .3
97.7
-

Manufactur ing

After 2 years of service
Workers in establishments providing paid vacations . . .
Length-of-time payment .......................................................
1 w e e k .....................................................................................
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s .............. ...............................
2 weeks . ....................... ........................................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks ..............................................
3 weeks ..................................................................................
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ..............................................
Percentage payment 3 ..............................................................
2 percent ................................................................................
Over 2 and under 4 percent ............................................
Over 4 and under 6 p e rc e n t...........................................
Other-type payment ................................................................

_

3 .5
_
6.2
5. 1
1. 1
1.2

_
_

_
-

After 3 years of service
Workers in establishments providing paid vacations . . .
Length-of-time p a y m e n t....................... ...............................
1 w e e k .....................................................................................
Over 1 and under 2 weeks ..............................................
2 weeks ...................................................................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks ..............................................
3 weeks ...................................................................................
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ..............................................
Percentage payment 3 ............................................................
2 percent ..............................................................................
Over 2 and under 4 percent .........................................
4 percent ................................................................................
Over 4 and under 6 percent .........................................
Other-type payment ................................... .............................

-

-

■

-

-

“

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

After 5 years of service
Workers in establishments providing paid vacations . . .
Length-of-time p a y m e n t.......................................................
1 w e e k ....................................................................................
2 weeks ...................................................................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks .............................. .............
3 weeks ............................................................ ......................
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ..............................................
Percentage payment3 ....................... ....................................
4 percent ........................................................................... ..
Over 4 and under 6 percent .........................................
Other-type p a y m e n t..................................................... ..

100.0
100.0
.1
95.8
1.9
1.2
1.0
-

100.
100.
94.
5.
-

0
0
9
1

See footnotes at end o f tab le.
*
T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.




100.0
100.0
1.4
98.6
_
-

106
Table B-4:

Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)- Continued

Percent of office workers employed in Vacation policy

All workers ....................................................................................

All
industries 1

Manufactur ing

Public
utilities *

Percent of plant workers employed in -

Retail trade

All
industries 2

Manufactur ing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0
100. 0
. 1
87. 8
1. 9
9.2
1. o
"

100. 0
100. 0
_
9 3 .4
6 .6
"

100. 0
100. 0
_
72. 7
22. 0
5.3
“

100. 0
100.0
.9
99. 1
-

100. 0
95. 8
1. o
86. 1
8. 7
3. 5
2. 9
.6
.7

100. 0
92 .6

100. 0
100. 0
2. 3
79. 3
18.4
-

100. 0
100. 0
1.4
98.6
-

100. 0
100. 0
. 1
42. 0
1.8
55. 1
1. o
-

100. 0
ICO. 0
_
52. 1
7. 4
40. 5
-

100. 0
100. 0
2 6 .2

100. 0
100. 0
.9
49.2

100. 0
92.6
53.1

6 8 .5
5 .3
-

4 9 .9
-

100. 0
95. 8
1. o
55. 6
39.2
3 .5
1. 6
1.9
.7

100. 0
100. 0
2. 3
3 2 .4
65.3
-

100. 0
100. 0
1.4
69. 1
2 9 .5
-

100.
100.
43.
7.
49.
-

100. 0
100. 0
2 6 .2
_
68.5
5.3
-

100. 0
100. 0
.9
49.2
_
49. 9
-

100. 0
95.8
1. 0
52. 7
_
42. 1
-

100. 0
92 .6
49. 0
4 3 .6
6. 2
2. 9
3. 3
1.2

100. 0
100. 0
2 .3
32 .4
_
65.3
-

100. 0
100. 0
1.4
69. 1
_
2 9 .5
-

After 10 years of service
Workers in establishments providing paid vacations . . .
Length-of-time p ay m en t................ ...................... ..
1 w e e k ....................................................................................
2 weeks ..................................................................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks ..............................................
3 weeks ..................................................................................
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ..............................................
Percentage payment3 ...........................................................
4 percent ...............................................................................
Over 4 and under 6 percent . ................................... .. .
Other-type p a y m e n t................................................................

82. 0
10.6
6 .2
5. 1
1. 1
1.2

After 15 years of service

Workers in establishments providing paid vacations . . .
Length-of-time p ay m en t.......................................................
1 w e e k ....................................................................................
2 weeks .................................................................................
Over 2 and under 3 weeks ..............................................
3 weeks ..................................................................................
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ..............................................
Percentage payment3 ...........................................................
4 percent ...............................................................................
Over 4 and under 6 percent ..........................................
Other-type p ay m e n t................................................................

-

-

-

3 9 .5
6 .2
2. 9
3 .3
1.2

'
After 20 years of service

Workers in establishments providing paid vacations . . .
Length-of-time p ay m e n t.......................................................
1 w eek" ....................................................................................
2 w e e k s ......... ...............................................................« . . .
Over 2 and under 3 weeks .............................................
3 weeks ..................................................................................
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ..............................................
4 weeks and over ............................................... ..
Percentage payment3 ..........................................................
4 percent ................................................................................
Over 4 and under 6 percent .........................................
Other-type p ay m e n t................................................................

100. 0
100. 0
.1
36. 0
1. 8
58. 9
1. 0
2 .2
-

0
0
3
4
3

See footnotes at end of table.
*
T ransp ortation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.




-

3. 5
1. 6
1. 9
.7

-

-

-

-

107

Table B-4: Paid Vacations (Formal Provisions)- Continued
Percent of office workers employed in Vacation policy

A ll workers

.....................................................................................

All
industries 1

Percent of plant workers employed in All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100. 0

100. 0

100.0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0
100. 0
. 1
36 .0
4 8 .5
1.0
14.4
-

100. 0
100. 0
_
43. 3
55. 4
1.3
-

100. 0
100. 0
_
26 .2
68. 5
5.3
_
-

100. 0
100. 0
.9
49 .2
10.8

100. 0
9 5.8
1. 0
52. 7
3 6 .8

Retail trade

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100.0
92.6

100. 0
100.0
2 .3
3 2 .4
65.3

100.0
100.0
1.4
69. 1
8 .4
_
21. 1
-

Manufacturing

After 25 years of service
Workers in establishments providing paid vacations . . .
Length-of-time p a y m e n t.......................................................
1 w e e k .....................................................................................
2 weeks ...................................................................................
3 weeks ....................................................................... ...........
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ..............................................
4 weeks and over ................................................................
Percentage payment 3 ..............................................................
4 percent ......................... .....................................................
Over 4 and under 6 p e rc e n t............................................
6 percent and over ..........................................................................................
Other-type p a y m e n t................................................................

-

-

5. 3
3. 5
1. 6
. 6
1.3
. 7

39. 1
-

-

-

-

-

-

4 9 .0
42. 1
1.5
6.2
2. 9

-

-

"

1

.

1

2 .2
1.2

'

1
2
3
*

-

_
-

-

"

Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Percent of annual earnings.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.

Table B-5:

Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

Percent of office workers employed in Type of plan

All worker s

..................................................... .............................

Workers in establishments providing:
Life insurance .......................................................................
Accidental death and dismemberment insurance . . .
Sickness and accident insurance .....................................
Sick leave (full pay and no waiting period) ................
Sick, leave (partial pay or waiting p e r io d ) ..................
Hospitalization insurance ...................................................
Surgical insurance ..............................................................
Medical insurance ................................................................
Catastrophe insurance ......... .............................................
Retirement pension ..............................................................
Health, insurance, or pension plan not
listed above ...........................................................................
No health, insurance, or pension plan .......................

Percent of plant workers employed in -

All
industries 1

Manufactur ing

Public
utilities *

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

10(1.0

80. 0
32. 3
43. 1
40. 7
2 .7
65.3
64. 5
58.2
4. 7
71.4

76. 8
41. 8
42. 5
42. 6
1. 1
81. 6
78. 3
72. 5
5 .4
65. 9

83.6
12.2
38. 7
70. 0

3 .6
10.6

.8
11. 8

-

3 1.6
31 .6
31.6
8. 7
78. 8
1

.

0

All
industries 2

Manufactur ing

Public
utilitie s *

Retail trade

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

2 6 .4
13.4
15. 8
7. 3
7 .4
38. 9
38. 9
38. 9
6 .6
20 .6

70. 9
34. 9
4 6.2
6 .3
9.2
65..0
6 4 .5
60 .5
2. 7
44. 1

80. 1
50. 5
58. 8
1.8
1.2
80.3
79 .4
73. 0
44. 7

86. 1
5. 0
2 9 .2
2 1 .4
39.6
34. 6
34 .6
34 .6
12. 0
71.3

39.6
16.6
20. 5
7.3
14.8
50.8
50. 8
50. 8
5.5
30.2

.8
42 .2

2. 1
19.4

-

18. 5

9.4
2 3 .0

Retail trade

-

-

2. 3

1 Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Occupational Wage Survey, Portland, Oreg. , September 1953
U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics




1 08

Table B-6:

Overtime Pay Practices

Percent of office workers employed in Overtime policy

All w o rk e r s.................................................................

All
industries 1

Percent of plant workers employed in -

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

79. 1
74. 6
.5
7 3 .8
.3
3 .4
1.1

79 .4
75. 3
.2
75.1
1.0
3.1

8 8.3
70.1
70.1
16. 3
1.9

2 0.9

20. 6

9 8 .4
94.1
4 .4
89.3
.4
3 .3
1 .0

9 9 .0
97 .3
.2
97. 1
1.0
.7

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

81.7
81.7
4.1
75.5
2.1
_
-

94.5
81.3
4 .5
76 .2
.6
9 .8
3 .4

9 7 .2
7 8 .2
5 .9
72. 3
.15 .2
3 .8

100.0
8 7 .4
_
85. 1
2 .3
7 .6
5 .0

9 0 .0
87 .2
6. 6
8 0 .6
2 .8

11.7

18.3

5 .5

2 .8

9 8 .4
80.2
80 .2
16.3
1.9

97.8
93.8
91.7
2.1
4 .0

98 .5
88.7
3 .4
84. 1
1.2
9 .8
-

100.0
8 4 .8
5 .9
78 .9
15.2
-

1. 6

2 .2

Daily overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium pay ...........................................................
Time and one-half ..............................................
Effective after less than 8 hours ............
Effective after 8 hours ..............................
Effective after more than 8 h o u r s .........
Double t i m e ...........................................................
Other3 .......................................................................
Workers in establishments providing no
premium pay or having no policy ..................

-

10.0

Weekly overtime
Workers in establishments providing
premium pay ...........................................................
Time and one-half ..............................................
Effective after less than 40 h o u r s .........
Effective after 40 h o u r s ..............................
Effective after more than 40 hours . . . .
Double t i m e ...........................................................
Other3 .......................................................................
Workers in establishments providing no
premium pay or having no policy ..................
1
2
3
*

1. 6

1 .0

1

”

“

100.0
100.0
9 7 .7
2 .3
“

‘‘5

Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes provisions for a specified number of overtime hours at either (l) no pay, (2) regular rate, or (3) a premium rate; and premium pay at another rate thereafter.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.

Table B-7:

Rate of Pay fo r Holiday W ork
Percent of plant workers employed in -

Percent of office workers employed in Pay provision

All workers

.................................................................

Workers in establishments with pay
provisions for work on paid holidays 3 ..........
Regular rate o n l y .........................................
Time and one-half ..............................................
Double t i m e ...........................................................
Double time and one-half ................................
Triple time ...........................................................
Equal time o f f .....................................................
Other plan ................................ .............................
Workers in establishments with no
formal p o l ic y ...........................................................
Workers in establishments with no
paid holidays ................ ..........................................
1
2
3
*
*

100.0
9 2 .4
90.1
2. 3
7. 6
-

All
industries 1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

65.7
2.9
8 .6
40 .9
8 .2
2 .7
2 .4
-

8 4 .4
6 .5
10.1
4 1 .7
2 2 .0
4.1
(4)
-

93. 8
4 .5
5 .3
68 .6

33.9

1 5.6

.4

“

All
industries 2

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

8 .8
6 .6
-

50 .4
.9
3.5
43. 0
3.0
-

7 6.7
.3
6.1
4 4 .2
6.7
9 .6
9 .8

81. 6
4 .5
3 7 .2
8 .0
14.9
17.0

8 5 .8
85. 6
.2
-

5 1 .4
14.7
2 5 .2
5 .2
6.3
-

4 .9

49.6

7. 6

1 .3

-

3 9.7

15.7

17.1

-

1 .3

Retail trade

■

14.2

Retail trade

8 .9

Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Includes holiday pay and rate for work on paid holiday.
Occupational Wage Survey, Portland, Or e g ., September 1953
Less than 0 .0 5 percent.
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Bureau of Labor Statistics




109

Table B-8: Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements
Percent of office workers employed in Item

Percent of plant workers employed in All
industries 2

Manufacturing

All
industries 1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

A ll w o rk e r s ...................................................................

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

Form al rate structure ............................................
Single rate ..............................................................
Range of r a t e s .......................................................
Individual rates ..........................................................

75
2
73
25

58
1
57
42

72
3
69
28

79
5
74
21

98
79
19
2

98
92
6
2

100
52
48
-

98
51
47
2

100

Retail trade

Public
utilities *

Retail trade

WAGE STRUCTURE FOR TIM E-RATED
WORKERS3

METHOD OF WAGE PAYMENT FOR
PLANT WORKERS
A ll workers

DATA

NOT

COLLECTED

100

100

100

87
13
5
2
6

.................................................................

Time w o r k e r s..............................................................
Incentive workers .....................................................
Piecework ..............................................................
Bonus work ............................................................
Commission ..........................................................

89
11
7
3
1

98
2
2

63
37
2
3
32

84

88

100

64

-

LABOR-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS 4
Workers in establishments with agree
ments covering a majority of such
workers .....................................................................

17

2

62

14

1 Includes data for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Includes data for wholesale trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Estimates for office workers are based on total office employment, whereas estimates for plant workers are based on time-rated employees only.
4 Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category. The estimates so ob
tained are not necessarily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by the provisions of the labor-management agreements due to the exclusion of sm aller-size es
tablishments.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.




Occupational Wage Survey, Portland, Or eg. , September 1953
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

110
APPENDIX:

JOB

DESCRIPTIONS

The p r im a r y p u rp o se o f p re p a r in g jo b d e s c rip tio n s fo r the B u re a u fs w age s u rv e y s is to
a s s is t its fie ld sta ff in c la s s ify in g into a p p ro p ria te occu p a tion s w o rk e rs who a re e m p lo y e d under
a v a r ie ty o f p a y r o ll titles and d iffe re n t w o rk a rra n gem en ts fr o m estab lish m en t to e sta b lish m e n t
and fr o m a re a to a r e a .
This is e s se n tia l in o r d e r to p e rm it the grouping o f o ccu p a tio n a l w age
ra tes re p re se n tin g co m p a ra b le jo b con ten t.
B e ca u se o f this em ph asis on in te re s ta b lis h m e n t and
in te ra re a c o m p a ra b ility of occu p a tio n a l con ten t, the B u re a u fs jo b d e scrip tio n s m a y d iffe r s ig n ifi
ca n tly fr o m th ose in u se in individu al e sta b lish m e n ts o r those p re p a re d f o r oth er p u r p o s e s .
In
applyin g th ese jo b d e s c r ip tio n s , the B u re a u fs fie ld re p re se n ta tiv e s a re in stru cte d to e x clu d e w o r k 
ing s u p e r v is o r s , a p p re n tice s , le a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s, tr a in e e s , handicapped w o r k e r s , p a r t -t im e ,
te m p o r a r y , and p ro b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s .

Office
B IL L E R , MACHINE

BOOKK EEPING -M ACH IN E O P E R A T O R - C ontinued

P r e p a r e s sta tem en ts, b ills , and in v o ic e s on a m a ch in e oth er
than an o rd in a ry o r e le c tr o m a tic ty p e w r ite r . M ay a ls o keep r e c o r d s
as to b illin gs o r shipping ch a rg e s o r p e r fo r m oth er c l e r i c a l w o r k in 
cid ental to b illin g o p e ra tio n s .
F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , b i l l e r s ,
m achine a re c la s s if ie d b y type o f m a ch in e , as fo llo w s :

C lass A - Keeps a se t o f r e c o r d s re q u ir in g a k n ow led ge o f
and e x p e rie n ce in b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g p r in c ip le s and fa m ilia r it y with
the stru ctu re of the p a r tic u la r a cco u n tin g s y s te m u s e d .
D e te r 
m in es p ro p e r r e c o r d s and d is trib u tio n o f d ebit and c r e d it item s
to be u sed in each phase o f the w
o
r M ay p r e p a r e co n s o lid a te d
k
.
r e p o r ts , b alan ce s h e e ts, and oth e r r e c o r d s b y hand.

B ille r , m a ch in e (b illin g m a ch in e ) - U ses a s p e c ia l b illin g m a chine (M oon H opkins, E llio tt F is h e r , B u rrou g h s, e t c . , w hich a re
com bin ation typing and adding m a ch in e s ) to p r e p a r e b ills and in 
v o ic e s fr o m cu s to m e r s* p u rch a se o r d e r s , in te rn a lly p re p a r e d o r 
d e r s , shipping m em ora n d u m , e tc .
U su a lly in v o lv e s a p p lica tio n
o f p re d e te rm in e d d iscou n ts and shipping ch a rg e s and en try o f
n e c e s s a r y e x te n s io n s , w h ich m a y o r m a y not be com pu ted on the
b illin g m a ch in e , and
totals w hich a re a u to m a tica lly a ccu m u 
lated by m a ch in e . The op era tion u su a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m ber
o f ca rb on c o p ie s o f the b ill bein g p re p a r e d and is often done on a
fan fold m a ch in e .

C la ss B - Keeps a r e c o r d o f one o r m o r e p h a ses o r s e c tions of a set of r e c o r d s u s u a lly re q u irin g little k n ow ledge of
b a s ic bookk eepin g. P h a ses o r s e c tio n s in clu d e a cco u n ts p a y a b le ,
p a y r o ll, c u s to m e r s ' a ccou n ts (not in clu d in g a s im p le type o f b i l l 
ing d e s c r ib e d under b ille r , m a ch in e ), c o s t d is trib u tio n , exp en se
d istrib u tion , in ven tory c o n tr o l, e tc . M ay c h e c k o r a s s is t in p r e p 
a ra tion o f tr ia l b a la n ces and p r e p a r e c o n tr o l sh eets f o r the a c 
counting departm ent.

B ille r , m a ch in e (book k eepin g m a ch in e) - U ses a book k eep in g
m ach ine (Sundstrand, E llio tt F is h e r , R em in gton Rand, e tc . , w h ich
m a y o r m a y not have ty p e w r ite r k eyb oard ) to p re p a r e cu s to m e r s*
b ills as p a rt o f the a ccou n ts r e c e iv a b le op e ra tio n . G e n e ra lly in 
v o lv e s the sim u ltan eou s en try of fig u r e s on cu s to m e r s le d g e r
record .
The m a ch in e a u to m a tica lly a ccu m u la te s fig u r e s on a
num ber of v e r t ic a l colu m n s and com pu tes and u su a lly p rin ts a u to 
m a tic a lly the d ebit o r c r e d it b a la n ce s . D oes not in v olv e a k n ow l
edge of b ook k eep in g . W ork s fr o m u n iform and standard types o f
sa le s and c r e d it s lip s .
B O OKK EEPIN G -M ACH IN E O P E R A T O R
O perates a b ook k eep in g m a ch in e (R em in gton Rand, E llio tt
F is h e r , Sundstrand, B u rro u g h s, N ational C ash R e g is te r , with o r w ith 
out a typ ew riter k ey b oa rd ) to keep a r e c o r d o f b u sin e ss tr a n s a c tio n s .



CLERK,

ACCOUNTING

C lass A - U nder g e n e ra l d ir e c tio n o f a b o o k k e e p e r o r a c c o u n t
ant, has r e s p o n s ib ility fo r k eepin g one o r m o r e s e ctio n s o f a c o m 
p le te set of b ook s o r r e c o r d s re la tin g to one ph a se o f an e s ta b lis h 
m e n t s b u sin ess tr a n s a c tio n s . W ork in v o lv e s p o stin g and b a la n cin g
su b s id ia ry le d g e r o r le d g e r s su ch as a cco u n ts r e c e iv a b le o r a c 
counts payable; exam ining and co d in g in v o ic e s o r v o u c h e r s with
p r o p e r a ccou n tin g d istrib u tio n ; r e q u ir e s ju d gm en t and e x p e r ie n c e
in m aking p r o p e r a ssig n a tio n s and a llo c a tio n s . M ay a s s is t in p r e 
p a rin g , adjusting, and c lo s in g jo u r n a l e n tr ie s ; m a y d ir e c t c la s s B
accou n tin g c le r k s .
C lass B - Under s u p e r v is io n , p e r fo r m s one o r m o r e rou tin e
a ccou n tin g op era tion s su ch as p o stin g s im p le jo u r n a l v o u c h e r s ,
a ccou n ts p ayable v o u c h e r s , e n terin g v o u c h e r s in v o u c h e r r e g is te r s ;
r e c o n c ilin g bank a cco u n ts; p o stin g s u b s id ia ry le d g e r s c o n tr o lle d
b y g en era l le d g e r s . This jo b d oes not re q u ir e a k n ow led ge o f a c 
counting and bookkeepin g p r in c ip le s but is found in o ffic e s in w hich
the m o r e routine a ccou n tin g w o r k is su b d iv id ed on a fu n ction a l
b a s is am ong s e v e r a l w o r k e r s .

111

CLERK,

F IL E

C la ss A - R e s p o n s ib ile f o r m aintaining an e s ta b lis h e d filin g
s y s te m . C la s s ifie s and in d exes co r re s p o n d e n ce o r oth er m a te r ia l ;
m a y a ls o file this m a t e r ia l. M ay keep r e c o r d s o f v a rio u s types
in co n ju n ction w ith f ile s o r s u p e r v is e oth ers in filin g and lo ca tin g
m a te r ia l in the f i l e s .
M ay p e r fo r m in cid en tal c l e r i c a l d u tie s.
C la ss B - P e r fo r m s rou tin e filin g , u su a lly o f m a te r ia l that
has a lr e a d y b een c la s s if ie d , o r lo c a te s o r a s s is ts in lo ca tin g m a te 
r ia l in the f i l e s .
M a y p e r fo r m in cid en ta l c l e r i c a l d u tie s.

K E Y -P U N C H O P E R A T O R
U nder g e n e ra l s u p e r v is io n and with no s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s i
b ilit ie s , r e c o r d s a ccou n tin g and s ta tis tic a l data on tabulating ca rd s
b y punching a s e r ie s o f h o le s in the ca r d s in a s p e c ifie d s e q u e n c e ,
u sin g an a lp h a b e tica l o r a n u m e rica l k e y -p u n ch m a ch in e, fo llo w in g
w ritten in fo rm a tio n on r e c o r d s .
M ay d u p lica te ca rd s b y u sin g the
d u p licatin g d e v ic e a ttach ed to m a ch in e .
K eeps file s o f punch c a r d s .
M ay v e r ify own w o rk o r w o rk o f o th e rs .
O F FIC E B O Y OR G IR L

CLERK,

ORDER

R e c e iv e s c u s t o m e r s 1 o r d e r s fo r m a te ria l o r m e r ch a n d is e b y
m a il, ph on e, o r p e r s o n a lly .
Duties in v olv e any co m b in a tio n o f the
fo llo w in g : Q uoting p r i c e s to c u s to m e r s ; m aking out an o r d e r sh eet
lis tin g the ite m s to m a k e up the o r d e r ; ch eck in g p r ic e s and quantities
o f ite m s on o r d e r sh eet; d istrib u tin g o r d e r sh eets to r e s p e c tiv e d e p a rt
m en ts to b e f il le d .
M a y c h e c k with c r e d it departm ent to d e te rm in e
c r e d it ratin g o f c u s t o m e r , a ck n ow led ge re c e ip t of o r d e r s fr o m c u s 
t o m e r s , fo llo w up o r d e r s to s e e that they have been fille d , k eep file
o f o r d e r s r e c e iv e d , and c h e c k shipping in v o ic e s with o rig in a l o r d e r s .
CLERK,

PAYROLL

C om putes w a ges o f com p a n y em p loy ees and en ters the n e c e s 
s a r y data on the p a y r o ll s h e e ts . Duties in v olv e: C alcu latin g w o r k e r s 1
ea rn in g s b a s e d on tim e o r p ro d u ctio n r e c o r d s ; p ostin g ca lcu la te d data
on p a y r o ll s h eet, sh ow in g in form a tion such as w o r k e r ls n am e, w o r k 
ing d a ys, tim e , r a te , d ed u ction s fo r in su ra n ce, and tota l w ages due.
M ay m ake out p ay ch e c k s and a s s is t p a y m a ste r in m aking up and d is 
tribu tin g p a y e n v e lo p e s .
M ay u se a ca lcu la tin g m a ch in e.
COM PTOM ETER OPERATOR
P r im a r y duty is to o p e ra te a C om p tom eter to p e r fo r m m a th e 
m a tic a l co m p u ta tio n s .
Th is jo b is not to be co n fu se d with that o f
s ta tis tic a l o r oth er typ e o f c le r k , w hich m a y in volve fre q u e n t u se o f
a C o m p to m e te r but, in w h ich , u se of this m ach ine is in cid en ta l to
p e r fo r m a n c e o f oth er d u tie s .

P e r fo r m s v a rio u s rou tin e duties su ch as running e rra n d s ,
op e ra tin g m in o r o ffic e m a ch in es su ch as s e a le r s o r m a ile r s , opening
and d istrib u tin g m a il, and oth er m in o r c l e r i c a l w o rk .

SECRETARY
P e r fo r m s s e c r e t a r ia l and c l e r i c a l duties f o r a s u p e r io r in an
a d m in is tra tiv e o r e x e cu tiv e p o s itio n . Duties in clu d e m aking a pp oin t
m en ts f o r s u p e r io r ; r e c e iv in g p e o p le co m in g into o ffic e ; a n sw erin g
and m akin g phone c a lls ; handling p e r s o n a l and im portan t o r c o n fi
dential m a il, and w ritin g rou tin e c o r r e s p o n d e n c e on own in itiative;
taking d icta tio n (w h ere tr a n s c r ib in g m a ch in e is not u sed ) eith er in
sh orth and o r b y sten otype o r s im ila r m a ch in e , and tra n s cr ib in g d ic ta 
tion o r the r e c o r d e d in fo rm a tio n re p r o d u c e d on a tr a n s cr ib in g m a ch in e .
M ay p r e p a r e s p e c ia l r e p o r ts o r m e m o ra n d a f o r in fo rm a tio n of s u p e r io r .
ST E N O G R A PH E R , G E N E R A L
P r im a r y duty is to take d icta tio n f r o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s ,
e ith er in shorthand o r b y sten otype o r s im ila r m a ch in e, in volvin g a
n o rm a l rou tin e v o c a b u la ry , and to tr a n s c r ib e this d ictation on a ty p e 
w r it e r . M ay a ls o type fr o m w ritten c o p y . M ay a ls o se t up and keep
file s in o r d e r , keep sim p le r e c o r d s , e tc .
D oes not inclu de tra n 
s c r ib in g -m a c h in e w o rk ( s e e tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r ;.

D U P L IC A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R (M IM EOGRAPH OR D IT T O )

ST E N O G R A P H E R ,

U nder g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n and with no s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n 
s ib ilit ie s , r e p r o d u c e s m u ltip le c o p ie s o f typew ritten o r h andw riting
m a tte r , u sin g a m im e o g r a p h o r ditto m a ch in e .
M akes n e c e s s a r y
a d ju stm en t su ch as f o r ink and p a p er fe e d cou n ter and cy lin d e r sp e e d .
Is not re q u ir e d to p r e p a r e s te n c il o r ditto m a s te r. M ay k eep file o f
u s e d s te n cils o r ditto m a s t e r s .
M ay s o r t, c o lla te , and stap le c o m 
p le te d m a te r ia l.

P r im a r y duty is to take d icta tio n f r o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s ,
e ith er in sh orthand o r b y sten otype o r s im ila r m a ch in e, in volvin g a
v a r ie d te c h n ica l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y su ch as in le g a l b r ie fs o r
r e p o r ts on s c ie n tific r e s e a r c h and to tr a n s c r ib e this d ictation on a
ty p e w r ite r . M ay a ls o type fr o m w ritten c o p y .
M ay a ls o se t up and
keep file s in o r d e r , keep s im p le r e c o r d s , e tc .
D oes not inclu de
tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e w o rk .




TE C H N IC A L

112

SW ITCH BOARD O P E R A T O R

TRAN SCRIBIN G-M ACH IN E O P E R A T O R ,

O perates a s in g le - o r m u ltip le -p o s itio n teleph on e s w itch b o a rd .
Duties in volve handling in co m in g , outgoing, and intraplan t o r o ffic e
c a lls .
M ay r e c o r d to ll c a lls and take m e s s a g e s .
M ay g ive in f o r 
m ation to p e rs o n s who c a ll in, o r o c c a s io n a lly take teleph on e o r d e r s .
F o r w o rk e rs who a ls o a ct as r e c e p tio n is ts s e e sw itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r re c e p tio n ist.

type fr o m w ritten co p y and do s im p le c l e r i c a l w o r k . W o rk e rs tr a n 
s c r ib in g d ictation in volvin g a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u 
la r y such as le g a l b r ie fs o r r e p o r ts on s c ie n t ific r e s e a r c h a r e not
in clu d e d . A w o r k e r who takes d icta tio n in sh orth an d o r b y sten otyp e
o r s im ila r m a ch in e is c la s s if ie d as a s te n o g ra p h e r , g e n e r a l.

G E N E R A L - C ontinued

TY P IST
SW ITCH BOARD O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T
In a ddition to p e r fo r m in g duties o f o p e r a to r , on a sin gle p o s i 
tion o r m o n ito r -ty p e sw itch b o a rd , a cts as r e c e p tio n is t and m a y a ls o
type o r p e r fo r m rou tin e c l e r i c a l w o rk as p a rt of re g u la r d u tie s. This
typing o r c l e r i c a l w o rk m a y take the m a jo r p a rt o f this w o r k e r fs tim e
w h ile at sw itch b oa rd .

U ses a ty p e w rite r to m a ke c o p ie s o f v a rio u s m a te r ia l o r to
m ake out b ills a fte r ca lcu la tio n s h ave b e e n m a d e b y a n oth er p e r s o n .
M ay do c l e r i c a l w ork in v olv in g little s p e c ia l tra in in g , su ch as k e e p 
ing sim p le r e c o r d s , filin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r ts o r s o rtin g and d is t r ib 
uting in com in g m a il.
C la ss A - P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : Typing
m a te ria l in fin a l fo r m fr o m v e r y rou g h and in v o lv e d d ra ft; c o p y 
ing fr o m p la in o r c o r r e c t e d c o p y in w h ich th e re is a fre q u e n t and
v a rie d u se o f te ch n ica l and unusual w o r d s o r fr o m f o r e i g n -l a n 
guage co p y ; com bin in g m a te r ia l fr o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s , o r p la n 
ning layout
of c o m p lic a te d s ta t is tic a l ta b le s to m a in ta in u n i
fo r m ity and b a la n ce in sp a cin g ; typing ta b le s f r o m rou gh d ra ft in
fin a l fo r m .
M ay type rou tin e f o r m le t t e r s , v a ry in g d e ta ils to
suit c ir c u m s ta n c e s .

T A B U L A TIN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R
O perates m a ch in e that a u to m a tica lly a n a ly zes and tr a n sla te s
in form ation punched in grou ps of tabulating c a r d s and p rin ts tr a n s 
lated data on fo r m s o r a ccou n tin g r e c o r d s ; sets o r adju sts m a ch in e;
does sim p le w irin g o f p lu gb oa rd s a c c o r d in g to es ta b lis h e d p r a c t ic e o r
d ia g ra m s; p la c e s ca rd s to be tabulated in fe e d m a ga zin e and sta rts
m a ch in e. M ay file ca rd s a fte r th ey a re tabu lated. M ay, in a dd ition ,
op era te a u x ilia ry m a ch in e s .
TRAN SCRIBIN G-M ACH IN E O P E R A T O R ,

routine

P r im a r y duty is
v o c a b u la ry fr o m

GENERAL

to tr a n s c r ib e d icta tion in v olv in g a n o rm a l
tr a n s cr ib in g m a ch in e r e c o r d s .
M ay a ls o

Professional

DR A FTSM A N ,

JUNIOR

(A ssista n t d ra ftsm a n )

Draws to s c a le units or p arts o f draw ings p r e p a r e d b y d r a ft s 
m an o r oth ers fo r en g in eerin g , co n s tr u c tio n , o r m an u factu rin g p u r 
p oses.
U ses v a rio u s types o f draftin g to o ls as r e q u ir e d . M ay p r e 
p a re draw ings f r o m s im p le plans o r s k e tch e s , o r p e r fo r m oth er duties
under d ir e ctio n o f a d ra ftsm a n .




C la ss B - P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : Typing
fr o m r e la tiv e ly c le a r o r typed d ra fts ; rou tin e typing o f f o r m s ,
in su ra n ce p o lic ie s , e t c . ; settin g up s im p le stan d ard ta b u la tio n s, o r
cop yin g m o r e co m p le x ta b les a lr e a d y se t up and s p a ce d p r o p e r ly .

and

Technical

D R A FTSM A N ,

LE A D E R

P lan s and d ir e c ts a c tiv itie s o f one o r m o r e d ra fts m e n in p r e p 
a ra tio n o f w orkin g plans and d etail d ra w in gs f r o m rou gh o r p r e lim in a r y
sk etch es fo r en gin eerin g , c o n s tr u c tio n , o r m a n u fa ctu rin g p u r p o s e s .
D uties in v olv e a com bin ation o f the fo llo w in g ;
In te rp re tin g b lu e 
p rin ts , sk e tch e s , and w ritten o r v e r b a l o r d e r s ; d e te rm in in g w o r k p r o 
c e d u r e s ; a ssig n in g duties to su b o rd in a te s and in sp e ctin g th e ir w o rk ;
p e r fo r m in g m o r e d ifficu lt p r o b le m s . M ay a s s is t su b ord in a tes durin g
e m e r g e n c ie s o r as a re g u la r a ss ig n m e n t, o r p e r fo r m r e la te d duties
o f a s u p e r v is o r y o r a d m in istra tiv e n atu re.

113
D R A F T SM A N ,

NURSE, IN DU STRIAL (R E G IST E R E D ) - Continued

SENIOR

P r e p a r e s w ork in g plans and detail draw ings
fr o m n o te s ,
rou gh o r d eta iled sk e tch e s f o r en gin eerin g , co n s tru ctio n , o r m an u 
fa ctu rin g p u r p o s e s .
D uties in v olv e a com bin ation of the fo llo w in g :
P r e p a r in g w ork in g p la n s , d eta il d ra w in g s, m a p s, c r o s s - s e c t i o n s , e t c .,
to s c a le b y u se of d ra ftin g in stru m en ts; m aking en gin eerin g co m p u ta 
tion s su ch as th ose in v o lv e d in strength of m a te r ia ls , b ea m s and
t r u s s e s ; v e r ify in g c o m p le te d work*, ch eck in g d im e n s io n s , m a te ria ls to
be u s e d , and q u a n tities; w ritin g s p e c ific a tio n s ; m aking adjustm ents o r
ch a n ges in d raw in gs o r s p e c ific a t io n s .
M ay ink in lin es and le tte rs
on p e n c il d ra w in g s, p r e p a r e detail units of co m p le te d ra w in g s, o r
t r a c e d ra w in g s.
W ork is freq u en tly in a s p e c ia liz e d fie ld su ch as
a r c h ite c t u r a l, e l e c t r ic a l , m e c h a n ic a l, o r s tru c tu ra l, d ra ftin g.
NURSE, IN D U STR IA L (R E G IS T E R E D )
A r e g is t e r e d n u rs e w ho gives n u rsin g s e r v ic e to i ll o r in ju re d
e m p lo y e e s o r oth er p e r s o n s who b e c o m e ill o r su ffe r an a ccid e n t on
the p r e m is e s o f a f a c t o r y o r oth er estab lish m en t.
Duties in v olv e a
co m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : G iving f ir s t aid to the ill o r in ju red ;
attending to su bsequ en t d r e s s in g o fe m p lo y e e fs in ju rie s ; keeping r e c o r d s
o f p atien ts trea ted ; p r e p a r in g a ccid e n t re p o r ts fo r co m p e n sa tio n o r
oth er p u r p o s e s ; con d u ctin g p h y s ica l exam inations and health evaluations
o f a p p lica n ts and e m p lo y e e s ; and planning and c a rr y in g out p ro g r a m s
in v olv in g h ealth ed u ca tion , a ccid e n t p reven tion , evaluation o f plant
Ma i n t e n a n c e
CARPENTER,

and

M A IN TE N AN C E

P e r fo r m s the c a r p e n tr y duties n e c e s s a r y to c o n s tr u c t and
m ain tain in good r e p a ir b u ild in g w ood w ork and equipm ent su ch as bins ,
c r ib s , c o u n te r s , b e n c h e s , p a r titio n s , d o o r s , f lo o r s , s ta ir s , c a s in g s ,
and t r im m ade o f w ood in an esta b lish m en t. W ork in v olv es m o s t o f
the fo llo w in g : P lanning and layin g out o f w ork fr o m b lu e p rin ts, d ra w 
in g s , m o d e ls , o r v e r b a l in s tr u ctio n s; usin g a v a rie ty of c a r p e n te r ! s
h a n d to o ls, p o rta b le p o w e r t o o ls , and standard m e a su rin g in stru m en ts;
m akin g stan d ard shop com p u ta tion s rela tin g to d im en sion s of w ork ;
s e le c tin g m a te r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r the w ork . In g e n e ra l, the w o rk o f
the m a in ten a n ce c a rp e n te r r e q u ir e s rounded train in g and e x p e rie n ce
u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p ren ticesh ip o r equivalent tr a in 
ing and e x p e r ie n c e .
E L E C T R IC IA N ,

M A IN TE N AN C E

P e r fo r m s a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic a l trade fun ction s su ch as the
in sta lla tio n , m a in ten a n ce, o r re p a ir o f equipm ent f o r the gen eratin g,
d is trib u tio n , o r u tiliz a tio n o f e le c t r ic en erg y in an e sta b lish m en t.
W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Installing or re p a irin g any o f a
v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic a l equipm en t such as g e n e r a to r s, tr a n s fo r m e r s ,
s w itch b o a rd s , c o n t r o ll e r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o to r s , heating u n its,




en viron m en t, or oth er a c tiv itie s
sa fe ty o f a ll p e r s o n n e l.
For
as fo llo w s :

wage

a ffe ctin g

study p u r p o s e s ,

the health,

industrial

w e lfa re ,

and

n u rses a re c la s s ifie d

N u rse , in d u s tria l, o n e -n u r s e unit - A r e g is te r e d n u rs e , in an
esta b lish m e n t that d oes not e m p lo y a n u rsin g s u p e r v is o r o r head
n u rse on the sam e sh ift, who has the re s p o n s ib ility fo r d e cisio n s
re g a rd in g c a r e o f ill o r in ju re d p e rs o n s under ge n e ra l m e d ic a l
d ir e c tio n .
N u rse , in d u stria l, m u ltip le -n u rs e unit who giv e s n u rsin g c a r e and treatm en t to ill
under the g e n e ra l d ir e ctio n of a p h y sicia n
s u p e r v is io n of a n u rsin g s u p e r v is o r o r head

A r e g is te r e d n u rse
o r in ju red p e rs o n s
and the im m edia te
n u rse .

TRACER
C op ies plans and draw ings p r e p a r e d by o th e rs , by p la cin g
tr a cin g clo th o r p a p er o v e r draw ing and tr a c in g with pen o r p e n c il.
U ses T -s q u a r e , c o m p a s s , and oth er draftin g to o ls .
M ay p re p a r e
s im p le draw in gs and do sim p le le tte rin g .

Powerplant

E L E C T R IC IA N ,

M A IN TEN AN CE - C ontinued

con d u it s y s te m s , o r oth er tr a n s m is s io n equipm ent; w orkin g fr o m b lu e 
p rin ts , d ra w in g s, la y -o u t, o r oth er s p e c ific a tio n s ; loca tin g and d ia g 
n osin g tro u b le in the e le c t r ic a l s y s te m o r equipm ent; w orkin g standard
com pu ta tion s rela tin g to load re q u ire m e n ts o f w irin g o r e le c t r ic a l
equipm ent; u sin g a v a rie ty o f e le ctr ic ia n * s handtools and m e a su rin g
and testin g in stru m e n ts.
In g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f the m ain ten ance
e le c t r ic ia n r e q u ir e s rou n ded train in g and e x p e rie n ce u su a lly a cq u ire d
through a fo r m a l a p p re n tice sh ip o r equivalen t train in g and e x p e rie n ce .
ENG IN EER,

STA T IO N A R Y

O p erates and m aintains and m a y a ls o s u p e r v is e the op era tion
o f s ta tio n a ry engines and equipm ent (m e ch a n ica l o r e le c tr ic a l) to su p 
p ly the e sta b lish m e n t in w h ich em p lo y e d with p o w e r, heat, r e f r ig e r a 
tion , o r a ir -c o n d itio n in g . W ork in v o lv e s:
O perating and m aintaining
equipm ent su ch as steam en gin es, a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a to r s , m o 
t o r s , tu rb in e s , ven tilatin g and r e fr ig e r a tin g equipm ent, steam b o ile r s
and b o ile r - fe e d w a t e r pum ps; m aking equipm ent re p a ir s ; keeping a
r e c o r d of o p e ra tio n o f m a ch in e r y , te m p e ra tu re , and fu el co n su m p 
tion . M ay a ls o s u p e r v is e th ese o p e ra tio n s . Head or ch ie f en gin eers
in esta b lish m en ts e m p loy in g m o r e than one en gineer a re e x clu d e d .

114
FIRE M AN , ST A T IO N A R Y B O IL E R

M ECH AN IC, AU TO M O TIV E (M A IN TE N A N C E )

F ir e s sta tion a ry b o ile r s to fu rn ish the esta b lish m e n t in w hich
em p loy ed with h eat, p o w e r , o r stea m .
F e e d s fu els to f ir e b y hand
o r op era tes a m e c h a n ic a l s to k e r, g a s, or o il b u rn e r; ch e ck s w ater
and sa fety v a lv e s .
M ay cle a n , o il, o r a s s is t in re p a ir in g b o il e r ro o m equipm ent.

R e p a irs a u to m o b ile s , b u s s e s , m o to r tr u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f
an e sta b lish m e n t.
W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : E xam in in g
a u tom otiv e equipm ent to d ia g n o se s o u r c e o f tro u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g
equipm ent and p e rfo rm in g r e p a ir s that in v o lv e the u se o f su ch handto o ls as w re n ch e s , gau ges, d r i ll s , o r s p e c ia liz e d equipm en t in d is 
a s s e m b lin g o r fittin g p a r ts ; r e p la c in g b ro k e n o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts fr o m
sto ck ; grinding and adju stin g v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b lin g and in sta llin g the
v a rio u s a s s e m b lie s in the v e h ic le and m akin g n e c e s s a r y a d ju stm en ts;
align in g w h e e ls, adjusting b ra k e s and lig h ts , o r tightening b o d y b o lt s .
In g e n e ra l, the w o rk o f the a u to m o tiv e m e ch a n ic r e q u ir e s rou n d ed
train in g and e x p e rie n ce u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rough a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e 
ship or equivalent train in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

H ELPER,

TR A D E S, M AIN TEN AN CE

A s s is t s one o r m o r e w o r k e r s in the s k ille d m ain ten ance
tr a d e s , by p e r fo r m in g s p e c ific o r g e n e ra l duties o f l e s s e r s k ill, such
as keeping a w o r k e r su pp lied with m a te r ia ls and t o o ls ; cle a n in g w o r k 
ing a re a , m a ch in e , and equipm ent; a s s is tin g w o r k e r b y h olding m a 
te r ia ls o r to o ls ; p e r fo r m in g oth er u n sk illed tasks as d ir e c te d by jo u r 
neym an. The kind of w ork the h e lp e r is p e rm itte d to p e r fo r m v a rie s
fr o m trade to tra d e: In s om e tra d es the h e lp e r is co n fin e d to su p 
p lyin g, liftin g , and h old in g m a te ria ls and to o ls and clea n in g w orkin g
a r e a s ; and in oth ers he is p e rm itte d to p e r fo r m s p e c ia liz e d m a ch in e
op e ra tio n s, o r p arts o f a trad e that a r e a ls o p e r fo r m e d b y w o r k e r s
on a fu ll-tim e b a s is .
,
M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R ,

TO OLROOM

S p e cia liz e s in the op e ra tio n o f one o r m o r e types o f m a ch in e
to o ls , such as jig b o r e r s , c y lin d r ic a l o r s u rfa c e g r in d e r s , engine
la th e s, o r m illin g m a ch in es in the co n s tr u c tio n of m a ch in e -s h o p t o o ls ,
gau ges, jig s , fix tu r e s , o r d ie s . W ork in v olv es m o s t o f the fo llo w in g :
Planning and p e r fo r m in g d ifficu lt m a ch in in g o p e ra tio n s ; p r o c e s s in g
item s re q u irin g co m p lic a te d setups
o r a high d e g re e o f a c c u r a c y ;
usin g a v a rie ty o f p r e c is io n m e a su rin g in stru m e n ts; s e le c tin g fe e d s ,
sp e e d s , toolin g and op era tion seq u en ce; m aking n e c e s s a r y a dju stm en ts
during o p e ra tion to a ch ie v e re q u is ite to le r a n c e s o r d im e n s io n s . M ay
be re q u ire d to r e c o g n iz e
when to o ls n eed d r e s s in g , to d r e s s to o ls ,
and to s e le c t p r o p e r coola n ts and cutting and lu b rica tin g o i ls .
F or
c r o s s -in d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , m a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l 
r o o m in tool-a n d -d ie job b in g sh ops a r e e x clu d ed fr o m this c la s s ific a t io n .
MACHINIST, M AIN TEN AN CE
P r o d u c e s re p la c e m e n t p a rts and new p a rts in m aking re p a ir s
of m eta l p arts o f m e c h a n ic a l equipm ent op era ted in an e sta b lish m e n t.
W ork in v olv es m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : In terp retin g w ritten in s tr u c 
tions and s p e c ific a t io n s ; planning and layin g out o f w ork ; u sin g a v a 
rie ty of m a c h in is t s h an dtools and p r e c is io n m e a su rin g in stru m en ts;
setting up and op era tin g standard m a ch in e to o ls ; shaping o f m eta l
p a rts to c lo s e to le r a n c e s ; m aking stan dard shop com p u ta tion s r e la t 
ing to d im en sion s o f w o rk , to o lin g , fe e d s and sp eed s o f m a ch in in g;
know ledge o f the w ork in g p r o p e r tie s o f the co m m o n m e ta ls ; s e le c tin g
standard m a te r ia ls , p a r ts , and equipm ent re q u ir e d f o r h is w o rk ; f it 
ting and a ss e m b lin g p a rts into m e c h a n ic a l equipm en t. In g e n e ra l, the
m a c h in is ts w ork n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a rou n ded train in g in m a ch in e shop p r a c tic e u su a lly a cq u ire d through a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r
equivalent train in g and e x p e r ie n c e .




M ECH AN IC, M AIN TEN AN CE
R e p a irs m a ch in e ry o r m e c h a n ic a l eq uipm en t o f an e s ta b lis h 
m en t.
W ork in v olv es m o s t o f the fo llo w in g :
E xam in in g m a ch in e s
and m e ch a n ica l equipm ent to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d ism a n tlin g
o r p a r tly dism antling m a ch in e s and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that m a in ly
in v olv e the u se of handtools in s c r a p in g and fittin g p a r ts ; re p la c in g
b ro k e n o r d e fe ctiv e p arts with ite m s obtain ed f r o m stock ; o r d e r in g the
p ro d u ctio n o f a re p la ce m e n t p a r t b y a m a ch in e shop o r sen din g o f
the m a ch in e to a m ach ine shop f o r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p r e p a r in g w ritten
s p e c ific a tio n s f o r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r f o r the p ro d u ctio n o f p a rts o r d e r e d
fr o m m ach ine shop; r e a s s e m b lin g m a ch in e s ; and m akin g a ll n e c e s s a r y
a dju stm en ts fo r op e ra tio n .
In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f a m a in ten a n ce
m ech a n ic re q u ire s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d
through a fo rm a l a p p re n tice sh ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .
E x clu d ed fr o m this c la s s ific a t io n a r e w o r k e r s w h ose p r im a r y duties
in v o lv e setting up o r adju stin g m a c h in e s .
M ILLW RIG H T
Installs new m a ch in es o r h e a v y equipm en t and d ism a n tle s and
in sta lls m a ch in es o r h eavy equipm en t when ch a n ges in the plant la y 
out a re re q u ir e d . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : P lanning and
layin g out of the w ork; in te rp re tin g b lu e p rin ts o r oth er s p e c ific a t io n s ;
u sin g a v a rie ty of handtools and r ig g in g ; m akin g stan d ard shop c o m 
putations rela tin g to s t r e s s e s , stre n g th o f m a t e r ia ls , and c e n te r s o f
g ra v ity ; alining and balan cin g o f equ ip m en t; s e le c tin g stan d ard to o ls ,
equipm ent and p arts to be u s e d ; in sta llin g and m a in ta in in g in good
o r d e r p ow er tr a n s m is s io n equ ip m en t su ch as d riv e s and s p e e d r e 
d u c e r s . In g e n e ra l, the m illw r ig h t ls w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a rou n d 
ed train in g and e x p e rie n ce in the trad e a c q u ir e d th rou gh a fo r m a l
a p p re n tice sh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .
O IL E R
L u b rica te s , with o il o r g r e a s e , the m o v in g p a rts o r w e a rin g
s u r fa c e s o f m e ch a n ica l equipm ent o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t.

115
P A IN T E R ,

M A IN TE N AN C E

S H E E T -M E T A L W ORKER, M AIN TEN AN CE

Paints and r e d e c o r a te s w a lls, w ood w ork , and fix tu re s o f an
esta b lish m en t.
W ork in v o lv e s the follow in g : Know ledge o f s u rfa c e
p e c u lia r itie s and ty p es o l paint re q u ir e d fo r d iffe re n t a p p lica tio n s ;
p re p a r in g s u rfa c e f o r painting by rem ovin g old fin ish o r b y p la cin g
putty o r f il le r in n a il h o le s and in t e r s tic e s ; applying paint with s p ra y
gun o r b ru sh .
M ay m ix c o l o r s , o ils , white lead , and oth er paint
in g re d ie n ts to obtain p r o p e r c o lo r or co n s is te n c y .
In g e n e ra l, the
w o r k o f the m a in ten a n ce p ain ter re q u ire s rounded train in g and e x 
p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rou g h a forma/1 a p p ren ticesh ip o r equivalen t
tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .
P IP E F IT T E R ,

M A IN TE N AN C E

In stalls o r r e p a ir s w a te r, steam , g a s, o r oth er types o f p ip e
and p ip e fittin g s in an esta b lis h m e n t. W ork in volves m o s t o f the fo llo w 
in g : Layin g out o f w o rk and m ea su rin g to lo ca te p o sitio n o f pipe fr o m
d raw in gs o r oth er w ritten s p e c ific a t io n s ; cutting va riou s s iz e s o f pipe
to c o r r e c t lengths w ith c h is e l and h am m er o r o x y a cetylen e to r c h o r
p ip e -c u ttin g m a ch in e ; th rea d in g pipe with stock s and d ie s ; bending pipe
b y h a n d -d riv en o r p o w e r -d r iv e n m a ch in es; a ss e m b lin g pip e with c o u 
p lin gs and fa sten in g p ip e to h a n g ers; m aking standard shop co m p u ta 
tion s re la tin g to p r e s s u r e s , flo w , and s iz e of pipe re q u ire d ; m aking
stan dard tests to d e te rm in e w hether fin ish ed pipes m e e t s p e c if ic a 
tio n s .
In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m aintenance p ip e fitte r r e q u ir e s
rou n d ed tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a cq u ire d through a fo r m a l
a p p re n tice s h ip o r equ ivalen t training and e x p e rie n ce .
W o rk e rs p r i 
m a r ily en gaged in in sta llin g and rep a irin g building sanitation o r h e a t
ing s y s te m s a r e ex clu d e d .
PLUM BER,

M A IN TE N AN C E

K eeps the p lu m b in g s y s te m of an establish m en t in g o o d o r d e r .
W ork in v o lv e s ; K now ledge o f san itary co d e s reg ard in g in sta lla tion of
ven ts and trap s in p lu m bin g sy s te m ; in sta llin g or re p a irin g p ip e s and
fix tu r e s ; openin g c lo g g e d d ra in s with a plu n ger or p lu m ber*s sn ake.
In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m ain ten ance plum ber re q u ir e s rou n ded
tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a cq u ire d through a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e 
ship o r eq uivalen t tra in in g and e x p e rie n ce .

Cu sto dial

and

GUARD

F a b r ic a t e s , in s ta lls , and m aintains in good re p a ir the sh e e tm e ta l equipm ent and fix tu r e s (su ch as m a ch in e gu ard s, g r e a s e pans,
s h e lv e s , lo c k e r s , tanks, v e n tila to r s , ch u tes, ducts, m eta l roofin g )
o f an e s ta b lish m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the follow in g :
Planning
and layin g out a ll types o f s h e e t-m e ta l m ain ten ance w ork fr o m b lu e 
p rin ts , m o d e ls , o r oth er s p e c ific a t io n s ; setting up and op eratin g a ll
a v a ila b le types o f s h e e t-m e ta l-w o r k in g m a ch in e s ; using a v a rie ty of
h andtools in cuttin g, bending, fo r m in g , shaping, fittin g, and a s s e m 
blin g ; in sta llin g s h e e t-m e ta l a r t ic le s as r e q u ir e d .
In g e n e ra l, the
w o r k o f the m a in ten ance s h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r re q u ir e s rounded tr a in 
ing and e x p e rie n ce u su a lly a cq u ire d through a fo r m a l a p p ren ticesh ip
o r equivalen t train in g and e x p e r ie n c e .
T O O L -A N D -D IE M A K E R
(D ie m a k e r; jig m a k e r; to o lm a k e r ; fix tu re m a k er; gauge m a k er)
C on stru cts and re p a ir s m a ch in e -s h o p to o ls , ga u ges, jig s , f ix 
tu res o r d ies f o r fo r g in g s , punching and oth er m e ta l-fo r m in g w ork .
W ork in v o lv e s m o s t of the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of w ork
fr o m m o d e ls , b lu e p rin ts, d ra w in g s, o r oth er o r a l and w ritten s p e c if i
ca tio n s; u sin g a v a r ie ty o f to o l-a n d -d ie m a k e r ’ s handtools and p r e c is io n
m e a su rin g in stru m en ts; un derstan din g of the w orkin g p r o p e r tie s of
co m m o n m e ta ls and a llo y s ; setting up and op era tin g o f m ach ine to o ls
and re la te d equipm ent; m aking n e c e s s a r y shop com putations relatin g
to d im en sion s o f w ork , s p e e d s , fe e d s , and to o lin g of m a ch in e s; h eattreatin g of m e ta l p arts durin g fa b r ic a tio n as w e ll as o f fin ish e d tools
and dies to a ch ie v e re q u ir e d q u a litie s; w ork in g to c lo s e to le r a n c e s ;
fittin g and a ss e m b lin g of p a rts to p r e s c r ib e d to le ra n ce s and a llo w a n ce s;
s e le c tin g a p p ro p ria te m a te r ia ls , t o o ls , and p r o c e s s e s .
In ge n e ra l,
the tool-an drdie m a k e r ’ s w o rk r e q u ir e s a rou n d ed train in g in m a ch in e shop and t o o lr o o m p r a c t ic e u su a lly a cq u ire d through a fo r m a l a p p ren 
tice s h ip o r equivalen t train in g and e x p e r ie n c e .
F o r c r o s s -in d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , to o l-a n d -d ie m a k ers
in t o o l-a n d -d ie job b in g shops a re e x clu d e d fr o m this c la s s ific a tio n .

Material

JAN ITO R,

Movement

PORTER,

OR C L E A N E R

(S w eeper; ch a rw om an ; ja n itr e s s )
P e r fo r m s rou tin e p o lic e d uties, eith er at fix e d p o st o r on
to u r, m ain tain in g o r d e r , u sin g a rm s o r fo r c e w here n e c e s s a r y .
In clu d e s ga tem en who a r e station ed at gate and ch eck on iden tity of
e m p lo y e e s and oth er p e r s o n s e n te rin g .



C leans and keeps in an o r d e r ly con d ition fa c to r y w orkin g a rea s
and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m is e s o f an o ffic e , apartm en t h ou se, o r c o m 
m e r c ia l o r oth er esta b lish m e n t. Duties in v o lv e a com bin ation o f the

116
JAN ITOR,

PORTER,

OR C L E A N E R - Continued

SH IPP IN G -A N D -R E C E IV IN G C L E R K - C ontinued

fo llo w in g : Sw eeping, m oppin g o r s cru b b in g , and p o lish in g f lo o r s ; r e 
m ovin g ch ip s, tra s h , and oth er re fu s e ; dusting equipm en t, fu rn itu re ,
o r fix tu re s ; p olish in g m eta l fix tu r e s o r tr im m in g s ; p ro v id in g su pp lies
and m in o r m a in ten ance s e r v ic e s ; clea n in g la v a to r ie s , s h o w e r s , and
r e s t r o o m s . W o rk ers who s p e c ia liz e in w indow w ashing a re e x c lu d e d .
LA B O R E R ,

M ay d ir e c t o r a s s is t in p re p a r in g the m e r ch a n d is e f o r sh ip m en t.
R e ce iv in g w ork in v o lv e s : V e r ify in g o r d ir e c tin g oth ers in v e r ify in g
the c o r r e c t n e s s o f shipm ents a ga in st b ills o f la d in g, in v o ic e s , o r oth er
r e c o r d s ; ch eck in g fo r sh orta ges and r e je c tin g d am aged g o o d s ; rou tin g
m e r ch a n d is e o r m a te ria ls to p r o p e r d e p a rtm e n ts; m ain tain in g n e c e s 
s a r y r e c o r d s and f il e s .

M A T E R IA L HANDLING
F o r w age study p u r p o s e s ,

(L oa d er and u n loa d er; h an d ler and s ta c k e r;
stock m an o r s to ck h e lp e r; w a reh ou sem an o r

sh e lv e r ; t r u c k e r ;
w a reh ou se h e lp e r)

A w o r k e r em p loy ed in a w a re h o u s e , m a n u fa ctu rin g plant,
s to r e , o r oth er esta b lish m en t w h ose duties in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f
the fo llo w in g : L oadin g and un loadin g v a riou s m a te ria ls and m e r c h a n d ise on o r ir o m fr e ig h t c a r s , tr u c k s , o r oth er tra n sp o rtin g d e v ic e s ;
unpacking, sh elvin g, o r p la cin g m a te r ia ls o r m e r ch a n d is e in p r o p e r
s to ra g e lo ca tion ; tra n sp ortin g m a te ria ls or m e r ch a n d is e by hand tru ck ,
c a r , o r w h e e lb a rro w . L o n g sh o re m e n , who loa d and unload ships a re
exclu d ed .
ORDER F IL L E R
(O rd er p ic k e r ; s to ck s e le c t o r ; w a reh ou se stock m an )
F ills shipping o r tr a n s fe r o r d e r s fo r fin ish e d goods fr o m s to re d
m e rch a n d ise in a c c o r d a n c e with s p e c ific a tio n s on s a le s slips, c u s to m e r s'
o r d e r s , o r other in s tr u ctio n s . M ay, in addition to fillin g o r d e r s and
indicating item s fille d o r om itted , keep r e c o r d s o f outgoing o r d e r s ,
re q u isitio n a ddition al s to ck o r r e p o r t sh ort su pp lies to s u p e r v is o r ,
and p e r fo r m oth er re la te d d u ties.
PA C K E R ,

SHIPPING

P r e p a r e s fin ish ed p rod u cts f o r sh ipm ent o r s to ra g e b y p la cin g
them in shipping c o n ta in e r s , the s p e c ific op era tion s p e r fo r m e d b ein g
dependent upon the typ e, s iz e , and nu m ber of units to be p a ck ed , the
type o f con ta in er em p loy ed , and m eth od of shipm en t. W ork re q u ir e s
the p la cin g of item s in shipping co n ta in ers and m a y in v olv e one o r
n o r e of the fo llo w in g : K now ledge of v a rio u s item s of s to ck in o r d e r
:o v e r ify content; s e le c tio n o f a p p ro p ria te type and s iz e o f co n ta in e r;
Inserting e n clo s u r e s in co n ta in er; u sin g e x c e ls io r o r other m a te ria l to
prevent brea ka ge o r dam age; c lo s in g and sea lin g co n ta in e r; applyin g
A bels o r en terin g iden tifyin g data on co n ta in e r.
P a ck e r s who a ls o
xtake w ooden b o x e s or c r a te s a re e x clu d ed .
SH IPPIN G -A N D -R E C E IV IN G C L E R K
P r e p a re s m e r ch a n d is e f o r sh ipm en t, or r e c e iv e s and is r e 
sponsible fo r in com in g sh ipm ents of m e r ch a n d is e o r oth er m a te ria ls .
Shipping w ork in v o lv e s : A k n ow ledge o f shipping p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c :ice s , rou tes, a v a ila b le m ean s of tra n sp orta tion and ra te s ; and p r e 
paring r e c o r d s of the good s sh ipped, m aking up b ills o f lad in g, p o s t ng weight and shipping c h a r g e s , and k eepin g a file of shipping r e c o r d s .




w o r k e r s a r e c la s s if ie d as fo llo w s :

R e ce iv in g c le r k
Shipping c le r k
S h ip p in g -a n d -re ce iv in g c l e r k

TR U CK D R IV ER
D riv es a tru ck within a c it y o r in d u stria l a re a to tr a n s p o rt
m a te r ia ls , m e rch a n d ise , equipm ent, o r m en b etw een v a rio u s typ es o f
e stab lish m en ts such a s: M a n u factu rin g p la n ts, fr e ig h t d e p o ts, w a r e 
h o u s e s , w h o le sa le and r e ta il e sta b lish m e n ts o r b etw een r e ta il e s ta b 
lish m e n ts and c u s t o m e r s 1 h ou ses o r p la c e s o f b u s in e s s .
M ay a ls o
lo a d o r unload tru ck with o r without h e lp e r s , m a k e m in o r m e c h a n ic a l
r e p a ir s , and keep tru ck in good w o rk in g o r d e r .
D r iv e r - s a le s m e n and
o v e r -t h e - r o a d d r iv e r s a r e e x c lu d e d .
F o r wage study p u r p o s e s , tr u c k d r iv e r s a re c la s s if ie d b y s iz e
and type o f equipm ent, as fo llo w s . ( T r a c t o r - t r a il e r should be ra ted on
the b a s is o f tr a ile r ca p a c ity )!
T r u ck d riv e r, light (under 1V2 ton s)
T r u ck d riv e r, m ediu m ( 1V2 to and in clu d in g 4 to n s )
T r u ck d riv e r, heavy (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a ile r ty p e )
T r u ck d riv e r, heavy (o v e r 4 to n s , oth e r than t r a ile r type)
TR U C K E R ,

POW ER

O perates a m a n u a lly -c o n tr o lle d g a s o lin e - o r e le c t r ic -p o w e r e d
tru ck o r tr a c to r to tra n sp o rt go o d s and m a te r ia ls o f a ll kinds about
a w a re h o u se , m an ufactu rin g plan t, o r oth er e sta b lish m e n t.
F o r wage
tr u c k , as fo llo w s :

study p u r p o s e s ,

w o r k e r s a r e c la s s if ie d b y type o f

T r u ck e r, p ow er (fo rk lift)
T r u ck e r, p ow er (other than fo r k lift)
W ATCH M AN
M akes rounds o f p r e m is e s p e r io d ic a lly in p ro te c tin g p r o p e r ty
a gain st f ir e , theft, and ille g a l e n try .
☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1954 O - 293242