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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
JAMES J. DAVIS, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
ETHELBERT STEW ART, Commissioner
B U LLETIN OF TH E U N ITE D S T A T E S )
B U R E A U OF L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S )
WAGES
AND
HOURS
OF
*
*
LABOR
*
1U _
A lO .
iD > 7
* iO #
SERIES
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR
IN WOOLEN AND WORSTED
GOODS M A N U F A C T U R I N G
1919 TO 1928
JUNE, 1929
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
W ASHINGTON s 1929
A D D IT IO N A L COPIE S
OF THIS PUBLICATION M A T BE PROCURED FROM
THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS
U .S.GO VERNM ENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON, D. C.
AT
10 C E N T S P E R C O P Y
CONTENTS
Page
1-17
Introduction and summary____________________________________________ ______
1-7
Average hours and earnings, 1910 to 1928, by occupations___________
Average hours and earnings, 1926 and 1928, by States________________
8
Average and classified earnings per hour_______________________________
9-11
Regular or customary hours of operation______________________________ 12-15
16
Days worked by employees_____________________________________________
Overtime_______________________________________________________________________ 16, 17
Bonus systems_________________________________________________________________ 17, 18
Index numbers of employment and of pay rolls, 1923 to 1928_____________ 18, 19
Days or nights of operation in year__________________________________________ 19, 20
Importance of woolen and worsted goods manufacturing__________________
21
Explanation of scope and method____________________________________________ 22, 23
General tables_________________________________________________________________ 23 -4 9
T able A .— Average number of days on which employees worked,
average full-time and actual hours and earnings per pay period,
average earnings per hour, and per cent of full-time worked, 1928,
by occupation, sex, and State_________________________________________ 24 -3 0
T able B.— Average and classified earnings per hour in 13 specified
occupations, 1928, by sex and State__________________________________ 31 -3 5
T able C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 13
specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State_______________________ 36 -3 8
T able D .— Average ancf classified hours actually worked in one pay
period in 13 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State_________ 39 -4 4
T able E .— Average and classified actual earnings in one pay period
in 13 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State________________ 45-49
in
BULLETIN OF THE
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON
No. 487
JUNE, 1929
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
MANUFACTURING, 1910 TO 1928
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
The 1928 figures in this report are the results of a study in that year
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of wages and hours of labor of
38,850 wage earners of 92 representative woolen and worsted goods
manufacturing establishments in the United States. Summaries
of average full-time hours per week, earnings per hour, and of average
full-time earnings per week for 1928 and for each of the years from
1910 to 1928 in which studies have been made are presented in Table
1 for the industry and also for each of the principal occupations in
the industry. Index numbers of these averages are given in the last
three columns of the table for the industry and also for each of the
occupations for which averages are shown for 1913, the 1913 average
being taken as the base, or 100 per cent.
A V E R A G E H O U R S AN D EA R N IN G S, 1910 TO 1928, BY O CCU PATION S
The industry averages are presented at the beginning of Table 1.
Those for the years 1910 to 1914 are for wage earners in the selected
occupations only and are comparable one year with another. Those
lor the years from 1914 to 1928 are for all wage earners in all occu
pations in the industry and also are comparable one year with another
but should not be compared wit!} the 1910 to 1914 averages for selected
occupations.
Between 1926 and 1928 there was no change in average full-time
hours per week for the industry, the average for each year being
49.3 hours per week. Average earnings per hour for the industry
increased from 49.1 cents in 1926 to 51.4 cents in 1928, or 4.7 per cent,
and average full-time earnings per week increased from $24.21 in
1926 to $25.34 in 1928.
Average full-time hours per week of males in 1928 by occupations
ranged from 48.2 for drawing-frame tenders to 53.2 for gill-box tenders
and of females ranged from 48.1 for card tenders to 50.3 for gill-box
tenders, comber tenders, and doffers.
Average earnings per hour of males in 1928 by occupations ranged
from 30.3 cents for doffers to 82.1 cents for loom fixers and of females
ranged from 28.4 cents for doffers to 60.5 cents per hour for weavers.
Average full-time earnings per week of males in 1928 by occupa
tions ranged from $15.24 for doffers to $40.23 for loom fixers and of
females ranged from $14.29 for doffers to $29.52 for weavers.
1
2
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
The index numbers are for the purpose of making comparison one
year with another for the entire period from 1910 to 1928. Those
for the selected occupations for each of the years from 1910 to 1913
are simple percentages with the 1913 average as the base. Those
for all occupations for each of the years from 1914 to 1928 were com
puted by increasing or decreasing the 1914 index for selected occu
pations in proportion to the increase or decrease in the average for
all occupations as between 1914 and the specified succeeding year.
Average full-time hours per week for the industry increased from
an index of 101.3 in 1910 to 101.6 in 1911, decreased to 86.2 in 1920,
and then gradually increased to 88 in 1926 and 1928. The decrease
between 1913 and 1920 was 13.8 per cent. The increase between
1920 and 1928 was 2.1 per cent.
Average earnings per hour increased from an index of 90.4 in 1910
to 353.7 in 1920 and then dropped to 267.0 in 1922, increased to 300.2
in 1924, decreased to 276.5 in 1926, and increased to 289.5 in 1928.
The increase between 1913 and 1920 was 253.7 per cent, and the
decrease between 1920 and 1928 was 18.2 per cent.
Average full-time earnings per week to a very great extent followed
the trend of average earnings per hour, increasing from an index of
91.2 in 1910 to 303.6 in 1920, decreasing to 231.5 in 1922, increasing
to 262 in 1924, decreasing to 242.3 in 1926, and increasing again to
253.6 in 1928. The decrease between 1913 and 1920 was 203.6
per cent, and the net decrease between 1920 and 1928 was 16.5 per
cent.
T
able
1.— Average hours and earnings with index numbers, 1910 to 1928, by occu
pation, sex, and year
Occupation and sex
Year
Aver Aver
N um
age
ber
Num
age
full earn
ber of time
of
estab
em
ings
lish ployees hours
per
per
hour
ments
week
Index numbers of—
Aver
age
full
time
earn
ings
per
week
Fulltime
hours
per
week
Earn
ings
per
hour
Full
time
earn
ings
per
week
TH E IN D U ST R Y
1910
1911
1912
1913
i 1914
19
27
46
47
48
11, 912
16, 342
17, 517
15,653
18, 333
56.6 |0.178
.179
56.8
55.9
.201
55.9
.197
54.9
.202
$10. 05
10.18
11. 23
11. 02
11.06
101.3
101.6
100.0
100.0
98.2
90.4
90.9
102.0
100.0
102.5
91.2
92.4
101.9
100.0
100.4
All o c c u p a t io n s _______________ i 1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1928
1928
48
61
63
67
67
72
112
92
40, 061
49,954
51,928
38,164
39, 430
41, 622
39, 970
38, 850
55.0
54.8
54.3
48.3
48.8
49.1
49.3
49.3
.182
.225
.342
.628
.474
.533
.491
.514
10. 03
12. 34
18. 57
30. 33
23.13
26.17
24. 21
25. 34
97.8
97.0
86.2
87.1
87.7
88.0
88.0
126. 7
192.6
353.7
267.0
300.2
276.5
289.5
123.5
185.9
303.6
231.5
262.0
242.3
253.6
S elected o c c u p a t io n s .................
i T w o sets of averages are shown for 1914 for the industry; one for selected occupations and the other for
all occupations in the industry. The 1910 to 1914 averages for selected occupations only are comparable
one year with another, as are those for all occupations one year with another from 1914 to 1928.
3
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings with index numbers, 1910 to 1928, by occu
pation, sex, and year— Continued
Occupation and sex
Wool sorters:
M ale..........................................
Year
Aver Aver
N um
age
Num full
age
ber
ber of time earn
of
em
estab
ings
lish ployees hours
per
per
ments
week hour
Aver
age
full
time
earn
ings
per
week
Index numbers of—
Full
time
hours
per
week
Earn
ings
per
hour
102.4
102.5
100.4
100.0
98.5
98.4
98.9
87.5
88.0
90.0
92.4
90.7
87.9
85.8
95.0
100.0
98.2
117.1
163.7
310.0
252.7
276. 2
253.7
259.1
Fulltime
earn
ings
per
week
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
18
19
19
19
15
17
20
22
17
19
30
22
1
3
5
2
2
289
444
471
246
381
412
538
423
358
359
445
392
28
37
65
37
27
56.3 $0.247
56.4
.241
55.2
.267
55.0
.281
54.2
.276
54.1
.329
54.4
.460
48.1
.871
48.4
.710
49.5
.776
50.8
.713
49.9
.728
48.0
.901
48.0
.702
48.2
.608
48.0
.698
48.3
.565
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
20
23
20
33
25
113
93
119
122
105
48.8
49.2
49.3
50.2
50.6
.583
.446
.513
.463
.484
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
41
43
45
56
56
277
276
275
245
306
48.3
49.3
49.3
49.7
49.5
.530
.428
.471
.438
.457
|
1
!
28.45
21.94
25. 29
23.24
24. 49 _______ ■________i______
i
I
I
25.60
i
21.10
;
!
23.22
!
21. 77
i
22.62
1910
1911
1912
• 1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
Female.................................... . 1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
Card strippers:
M ale.......................................... 1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
Card grinders:
1922
M ale.................... ....................
1924
1926
1928
26
40
40
40
41
47
47
43
46
47
70
62
11
10
12
19
15
201
320
412
329
398
533
599
444
514
528
531
550
103
109
94
166
136
56.9
57.1
56.4
56.3
56.1
55.8
54.8
48.4
49.5
49.4
49.8
50.3
48.3
48.2
48. 0
48.1
48.1
.127
.136
.135
.142
.147
.186
.287
.517
. 405
.473
.419
.447
.437
.351
.409
.365
.383
7.25
7. 73
7. 64
8.01
8. 26
10. 38
15. 75
25. 02
20. 05
23. 37
20. 87
22. 48
21.11
16. 92
19. 63
17. 78
18. 42
101.1
101.4
100.2
100.0
99.6
99.1
97.3
86.0
87.9
87.7
.,88. 5
89.3
89.4
95.8
95.1
100.0
103.5
131.0
202.1
364.1
285. 2
333.1
295.1
314.8
90.5
96.5
95.4
100.0
103.1
129.6
196.6
312.4
250.3
291.8
260. 5
280.6
27
42
42
42
43
48
48
45
46
49
73
65
102
223
240
230
250
303
359
292
311
368
381
351
57.0
57.1
56.9
56.5
55.7
55.5
54.8
48.2
49.5
50.6
49.5
49.7
. 153
.151
.163
.168
.169
.209
.324
.570
.433
.506
.464
.475
8. 69
8. 62
9.29
9.46
9.44
11. 61
17. 77
27. 47
21. 43
25.60
22. 97
23. 61
100.9
101.1
100.7
100.0
98.6
98.2
97.0
85.3
87.6
89.6
87.6
88.0
91.1
89.9
97.0
100.0
100.6
124.4
192.9
339.3
257.7
301.2
276.2
282. 7
91.9
91.1
98.2
100.0
99.8
122.7
187.8
290.4
226. 5
270.6
242.8
249.6
12
15
18
17
28
37
36
42
48.4
48.8
50.9
49.3
.491
.602
.537
.529
23. 76
29. 38
26.64
26.08
Female......................................
Wool-washer tenders:
M ale..........................................
Picker tenders:
M ale....................................
Card tenders:
M ale..........................................
$13.86
13.54
14. 72
15. 43
14. 97
17.80
24. 94
41. 90
34. 36
38. 41
36.22
36. 33
43. 25
33. 70
29.31
33.50
27. 29
89.8
87.8
95.4
100.0
97.0
115.4
161.6
271.5
222.7
248.9
234.7
235.5
.
4
T
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
able
1 . — Average hours and earnings with index numbers, 1910 to 1928, by occu
pation, sex, and year— Continued
Occupation and sex
Gill-box tenders:
M ale___ ___________________
Female___ _________________
Comber tenders:
M a l e ......................................-
Female.....................................
Drawing-frame tenders:
M ale_____ _________________
Female........... .......... ................
Spinners, mule:
M ale........................................
Spinners, frame:
M ale........................................
Year
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
Aver
N um
Aver
age
Num
ber
age
full
ber of
of
earn
time
em
estab
ings
lish ployees hours
per
per
ments
week hour
130
288
343
209
282
383
413
435
296
393
8
8
8
13
7
15
15
14
21
20
6
9
9
9
6
8
9
10
11
7
10
9
6
7
7
7
6
10
12
12
10
10
17
17
5
6
6
8
8
9
6
14
15
16
17
15
26
25
49.8 $0. 502
48.3
.363
49.9
.439
50.1
.405
53.2
.392
.442
48.4
49.1
.339
49.4
.382
51.0
.326
50.3
.382
106
56.5
188
56.5
181
55.1
115
54.8
228
55.8
274
56.3
248
55.8
162
48.9
209
48.1
212
49.6
171
50.5
222
51.4
129
55.5
139
55.8
150 : 55.8
163
56.1
162
54.8
178
53.5
52.8
328
48.7
155
49.7
100
114
49.2
163
49.9
50.3
150
211
55.0
54.1
193
51
48.0
48.1
189
49.2
263
271
48.8
48.2
66
1,603
53.7
1, 760
52.9
1, 758
48.3
1, 615
48.5
1, 885
48.9
1, 753
49.7
49.4
1, 766
26
40
40
42
42
46
46
46
44
47
69
61
2
3
3
3
3
3
5
4
4
3
529
638
719
828
897
1,222
1, 431
960
1,119
1,290
1,249
1,106
114
194
244
115
282
266
161
49
45
46
57.0
57.3
56.5
56.5
56. 0
55.3
54.9
48.2
49.2
48.9
49.7
49.5
56.0
56.0
54.0
54.0
53.9
53.9
53.0
48.0
48.0
50.0
.139
.141
.156
.156
.161
.199
.314
.552
.435
.522
.478
.484
.111
.109
.116
.117
. 119
.177
.258
.478
.385
.418
.378
.456. 178
.264
.501
.378
.439
.380
.386
. 170
.250
.445
.349
.397
.352
.356
.224
.224
.240
.239
.249
.316
.490
.816
.670
.755
.695
.684
.125
.132
.158
.136
.145
.191
.316
.558
.357
.421
Aver
age
full
time
earn
ings
per
week
Index numbers of—
Full
time
hours
per
week
Earn
ings
per
hour
Full
time
earn
ings
per
week
$25. 00
17. 53
21.91
20. 29
20. 85
21. 39
16. 64
18. 87
16. 63
19. 21
7. 87
103.1
89.1
92.5
7.94
103.1
90.4
93.3
8. 56
100.5
100.0
100.6
8.51
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.00
101.8
103.2
105.8
11.18
102.7
127.6
131.4
17. 49
101. 8
201.3
205.5
26. 99
89.2
353.8
317.2
20.92
87.8
278.8
245.8
25. 89
90.5
334.6
304.2
24.14
92.2
306.4
283.7
24. 88
93.8
310.3
292.4
6.13
94.9
98.9
93.3
6.10
99.5
93.2
92.8
6. 47
99.5
99.1
98.5
6.57
100.0
100.0
100.0
6. 52
97.7
101.7
99.2
9. 46
95.4
151.3
144.0
13.59
94.1
220.5
206.8
23. 28
86.8
408.5
354.3
329.1
19.13
88.6
291.2
20. 57
87.7
357.3
313.1
18.86
88. €
323.1
287.1
22.94
389. 7
89.7
349.2
9.80
14. 81
i
24. 05
!
18.18
|
21.60
18. 54 .................. j ___________ ! _______
18. 61
i
i
9.15
1
13.24
i
21.49
!
16.93
19. 41 ...................... 1
1
17. 49
17. 59
12.75
12. 81
13. 56
13.45
13. 88
17.51
27. 42
39. 33
32. 96
36.92
34.54
33. 86
7.01
7. 37
8. 53
7. 33
7.80
10.30
16. 74
26.78
17.14
21.05
100.9
101. 4
100.0
100.0
99.1
97.9
97.2
85.3
87.1
86.5
88.0
87.6
103.7
103.7
100. 0
100.0
99.8
99.8
98.1
88.9
88.9
92.6
93.7
93.7
100.4
100.0
104.2
132.2
208.8
341.4
280.3
315.9
290.8
286.2
91.9
97.1
116.2
100.0
106.6
140.4
232.4
410.3
262.5
309.6
94.8
95.2
100.8
100.0
103.2
130.2
203.9
292.4
245.1
274.5
256.8
251.7
95.6
100.5
116.4
100.0
106.4
140.5
228.4
365.3
233.8
287.2
5
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
T a b l e 1,— Average hours and earnings with index numbers, 1910 to 1928, by occu
pation, sex, and year— Continued
Occupation and sex
Spinners, frame—Continued.
Female....................................
Doffers:
M ale_______________________
Female_____ _______ ____ ___
Twister tenders:
Female......................................
Spooler tenders:
Female______ ________ _____
Dresser tenders:
M ale.........................................
Drawers-in:
M ale..........................................
Female......................................
33824°— 29------- 2
Year
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1924
1926
1928
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
Aver
N um
Aver
age
ber
N um
age
full
of
ber of time
earn
estab
em
ings
lish ployees hours
per
per
ments
hour
week
8
10
10
10
9
14
15
14
15
14
23
22
5
5
6
5
7
5
9
12
12
14
14
10
22
20
10
12
12
12
11
23
24
34
40
38
65
57
55
56
55
59
64
95
82
27
46
46
46
47
55
58
63
58
65
95
79
10
22
6
52
55
63
60
62
84
80
578
1,002
1,070
751
970
1,202
1, 330
1,026
972
1,106
1, 228
1, 281
56.0 $0.122
56.4
.126
55.2
.144
55.5
.140
54.2
.147
53.9
.180
52.4
.278
48.2
.481
48.4
.345
48.9
.417
49.8
.362
49.7
.383
49.8
. 161
255
50. 5
138
. 266
46. 3
.497
108
47.0
.299
165
49.9
.301
214
48.2
47
.288
73
50. 3
.303
52. 2
709
. 135
829
48.6
.203
46. 7
.352
561
619
48.1
. 275
566
48.1
. 315
49.9
701
.280
50.3
588
.284
332
56.9
. 126
600
56.7
.131
751
55.7
.137
55.4
598
.135
884
54.3
.144
54.2
1,028
.174
802
53.9
.256
1,043
48.3
.457
892
49.3
.352
49.3
914
.418
1,117
49.7
.364
1,319
50.0
.354
54.1
1, 571
. 173
53. 6
.270
1, 514
48.2
.458
1,474
1, 247
48. 7
.383
48. 6
.419
1, 228
49.1
1,283
.391
1,407
49.0
.371
214
57.1
.242
337
57.1
.243
384
56.4
.262
347
56.3
.263
55.2
.273
363
422
55.0
.318
469
.452
54.6
403
48.6
.767
493
48.8
.653
467
49.3
.748
545
49.1
.705
583
49.0
.700
40
51.6
.690
59
50.2
.666
.693
16
51.7
424
54.7
.250
406
54.2
.355
392
48.3
. 595
436
48.5
.480
45?
49.1
.535
533 ; 48.9
.497
624 | 48.7 1 .625
Aver
age
full
time
earn ■ •
ings
per
week
$6. 85
7.07
7.92
7. 78
7. 99
9.68
14. 62
23.18
16.70
20. 39
18.03
19.04
8.05
13. 58
23. 01
14. 05
15.02
13. 88
15. 24
7. 05
9. 85
16. 44
13. 23
15.15
13. 97
14.29
7.16
7. 40
7.62
7. 50
7. 81
9.43
13.80
22. 07
17.35
20. 61
18. 09
17.70
9. 40
14. 51
22.08
18. 65
20. 36
19. 20
18.18
13.80
13. 85
14. 71
14.80
15. 03
17.47
24. 28
37. 28
31. 87
36.88
34. 62
34. 30
35. 60
33.43
35. 83
13. 68
19. 23
28. 74
23. 28
26. 27
24. 30
25.57
Index numbers of—
Full
time
earn
ings
per
week
Full
time
hours
per
week
Earn
ings
per
hour
100.9
101.6
99.5
100.0
97.7
97.1
94.4
86.8
87.2
88.1
89.7
89.5
87.1
90.0
102.9
100.0
105.0
128.6
198.6
343.6
246. 4
297. 9
258.6
273.6
88.0
90.9
101.8
100.0
102.7
124.4
187.9
297.9
214.7
262.1
231.7
244.7
102.7
102.3
100.5
100.0
98.0
97.8
97.3
87.2
89.0
89.0
89.7
90.3
93. 3
97.0
101.5
100.0
106.7
128.9
189.6
338.5
260. 7
309.6
269.6
262.2
95.5
98.7
101.6
100.0
104.1
125.7
184.0
294.3
231.3
274. 8
241.2
236.0
I __
101.4
101.4
100.2
100.0
98.0
97.7
97.0
86.3
86.7
87.6
87.2
87.0
92.0
92.4
99.6
100.0
103.8
120.9
171.9
291.6
248.3
284.4
268.1
266.2
93.2
93.6
99.4
100.0
101.6
118.0
164.1
251.9
215.3
249.2
233.9
231.8
6
T
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
able
1 . — -Average hours and earnings with index numbers, 1910 to 1928, by occu
pation, sex, and year— Continued
Occupation and sex
Loom fixers:
M ale..........................................
Weavers:
M ale...................... ...................
Female.....................................
Cloth inspectors:
Male
____ __ __ ________
F e m a le __________________
Burlers:
Female............... _____..............
Menders:
Female________ ______ _____
Year
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
Aver A ver
N um
age
ber
Num
age
full earn
of
ber of time
estab em
ings
lish ployees hours
per
per
ments
week hour
27
46
46
47
47
60
61
64
64
68
99
83
429
569
589
581
651
794
843
736
747
821
748
692
27
46
46
47
48
61
61
64
64
68
97
83
27
46
46
47
48
61
61
63
63
67
89
79
10
49
19
23
31
16
7
18
21
11
2,907
4, 049
4,476
3,834
4,336
5,431
5,812
4,825
5,518
5,725
5, 528
4, 641
2,855
3,384
3,586
3,493
3,862
4, 505
5,295
3, 783
3,622
3, 713
2,748
2,419
251
315
246
235
281
144
54
245
103
75
26
43
44
44
44
55
55
64
61
60
90
79
25
44
44
42
43
53
53
61
63
64
91
82 |
1,034
1, 516
1,562
1,643
1,756
1,889
1,867
2,321
1,773
1,711
1,722
1, 691
1,196
1,623
1,668
1,388
1,501
1,767
1,685
1,729
1,985
1,850
2,121
2,086 1
Index numbers of—
Full
time
hours
per
week
Earn
ings
per
hour
$15. 76
15. 59
17.13
16. 55
17.18
20. 70
30.04
47.00
36.49
42. 63
39.54
40.23
11.79
11. 97
13. 30
13.06
13.10
15.95
25. 52
38.98
29.75
34. 21
31.88
32.18
10.14
10. 47
11.48
11.03
11.08
14. 76
21.96
36. 08
27.85
31.98
29. 52
29. 52
36. 62
27.05
28. 34
27.19
27. 80
24. 34
18. 05
23. 52
20.88
20. 76
101.4
101.6
100.2
100.0
98.7
98.4
97.7
86.6
86.7
87.8
87.8
87.8
101.4
101.4
100.0
100.0
98.0
97.5
96.8
85.8
85.8
86.7
86.9
86.9
100.5
101. 4
99.8
100.0
97.7
97.3
96.6
86.3
86.4
87.3
87.9
87.1
93.992.6
103.7
100.0
105.1
128.3
185.9
327.6
253.9
292.9
271.7
276.4
89.2
90.5
102.2
100.0
102.6
131.0
202.6
347.8
265.5
302.2
281.0
283.6
91.4
93.4
104.6
100.0
103.0
137.6
206.1
.130
7. 33
7. 36
.130
.145
8. 25
.146
8.14
.155
8.47
10.09
.185
.276
14.94
.452
21.88
.371
17.88
20.66
.420
.381
18. 78
.383
18.88
.160 | 9.09
.160 i 9.07
.189
10. 50
.183
10.11
.195
10. 57
.245
13. 28
.849 : 18.91
.603
29. 25
.445
21. 54
.534
25.90
.507
24. 64
.488
23.67
101. 6
102.2
100.5
100.0
98.2
98.2
97.3
87.1
86.7
88.5
88.7
88.7
102.7
102.7
100.7
100.0
98.4
98.2
97.8
87.7
87.5
87.7
87.9
87.7
89.0
89.0
99.3
100.0
106.2
126.7
189.0
309.6
254.1
287.7
261.0
262.3
87.4
87.4
103.3
100.0
106.6
133.9
190.7
329.5
243.2
291.8
277.0
266.7
56.6 $0.279
56.7
.275
55.9
.308
55.8
.297
.312
55.1
54.9
.381
.552
54.5
48.3
.973
48.4
.754
49.0
.870
49.0
.807
.821
49.0
57.1
.207
57.1
.210
56.3
.237
56.3
.232
55.2
.238
54.9
.304
54.5
.470
48.3
.807
48.3
.616
48.8
.701
.652
48.9
48.9
.658
56.3
.180
56.8
.184
55.9
.206
.197
56.0
54.7
.203
54.5
.271
54.1
.408
48.3
.747
48.4
.576
48.9
.654
49.2
.600
48.8
.605
.763
48.0
48.3
.560
48.7
.582
48.3
.563
.572
48.6
.504
48.3
48.4
.373
.484
48.6
.421
49.6
.428
48.5
56.5
56.8
55.9
55.6
54.6
54.6
54.1
48.4
48.2
49.2
49.3
49.3
56.8
56.8
55.7
55.3
54.4
54.3
54.1
48.5
48.4
48.5
48.6
48.5
Aver
age
full
time
earn
ings
per
week
379.2
292.4
332.0
304.6
307.1
Full
time
earn
ings
per
week
95.2
94.2
103.5
100.0
103.8
125.1
181.5
284.0
220.5
257.6
238.9
243.1
90.3
91.7
101.8
100.0
100.3
122.1
195.4
298.5
227.8
261.9
244.1
246.4
91.9
94.9
104.1
100.0
100.5
133.8
199.1
327.1
252.5
289.9
267.6
267.7
----------
90.0
90.4
101.4
100.0
104.1
124.0
183.5
268.8
219.7
253.8
230.7
231.9
89.9
89.7
103.9
100.0
104.5
131.4
187.0
289.3
213.1
256.2
243.7
234.1
7
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
T
able
1.— Average hours and earnings with index numbers, 1910 to 1928, by occu
pation, sex, and year— Continued
Occupation and sex
Perchers:
M ale_____ _________________
Female.....................................
Fullers:
M ale____________ ____ _____
Washer tenders, cloth:
M ale_______________________
Dryer tenders, cloth:
Male
. ___________ _ _ -
Truckers:
M a l e ...____________ ______ -
Laborers, dye house:
M ale..........................................
Other employees:
M ale___________ ___________
Female......................................
Year
Aver
Aver
N um
age
Num
age
ber
full earn
ber of time
of
em
estab
ings
per
lish ployees hours
per
ments
week hour
Index numbers of—
Aver
age
full
time
earn
ings
per
week
Full
time
hours
per
week
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
59
55
61
91
80
13
15
10
16
13
419
352
466
462
470
43
75
35
97
65
48.4 $0. 687
48.6
.520
49.1
.601
49.1
.559
48.8
.567
49.8
.468
.432
48.4
.452
48.4
.482
48.6
48.6
.438
$33. 25
25. 27
29. 51
27. 45
27. 67
23.31
20.91
21. 88
23. 43
21.29
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
53
52
51
75
68
195
248
227
223
259
48.6
49.1
49.0
49.4
49.0
.590
.468
.512
.464
.494
28.67
22. 98
25. 09
22. 92
24. 21
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
56
59
60
85
73
378
330
402
353
378
.574
48.6
49.6
.461
49.7 i .518
49.7
.442
50.0
.462
27. 90
22. 87
25. 74
21.97
23.10
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
56
57
59
84
71
276
219
267
222
230
48.4
50.3
49.8
49.9
50.1
.551
.453
.506
.444
.468
26. 67
22. 79
25. 20
22.16
23 45
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
62
60
64
93
79
1, 205
1,334
1,672
1, 236
1,419
48.1
48.2
49.2
48.9
48.5
.505
24. 29
19.23
.299
.451 i 22.19
.408
19. 95
.417
20. 22
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
27
45
45
46
47
55
55
52
54
59
82
72
837
1,116
1,093
1,041
1,427
1, 636
1, 606
961
1,032
877
1,008
962
56.3
56.6
55.5
55.6
54.9
55.0
54.7
48.3
48.9
49.2
49.4
49.1
.143
.145
.157
.159
.160
.197
.304
.564
.435
.490
.445
.463
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
47
63
63
67
67
72
112
92
46
61
63
67
61
68
105
86
13,947
16,978
17, 308
7,194
7,797
7,984
7,826
7,623
7,781
6, 347
6,407
3,349
3,461
3,939
3, 750
3, 774
55.7
55.8
55.3
48.6
49.6
49.3
49.4
49.5
54.2
53.9
53.4
48.2
48.9
49.1
49.4
49.2
.180
10. 03
.225
12. 51
.330
18.24
.580
28.19
.455
22. 57
.509 ' 25.09
.480
23. 71
24. 80 i
.501
.139
7. 54 1 '
. 168
9. 05
.250
13. 37
.421
20. 29 !
.336
16. 43 ! "
.382
18. 76
17. 09
.346
.355
17. 47
1 “
8.06
8. 22
8. 72
8.84
8. 75
10.83
16.60
27. 24
21.32
24.11
21.98
22. 73
Full
time
earn
ings
per
week
Earn
ings
per
hour
i
1
i
!
!
i
1
j
I
j
j
j
i
101.3
101.8
99.8
100.0
98.7
98.9
98.4
86.9
87.9
88.5
88.8
88.3
'
”
"
89.9
91.2
98.7
100.0
100.6
123.9
191.2
354.7
273.6
308.2
279.9
291.2
91.2
93.0
98.6
100.0
99.0
122.5
187.8
308.1
241.2
272.7
248.6
257.1
W AGES AND H O U #S— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
8
AVERAG E
HOURS
AN D
E AR N IN G S, 1926 AN D
19£8, BY
STATES
Table 2 shows for each sex and for both sexes combined the average
full-time hours per week, earnings per hour, and full-time earnings
per week for all wage earners covered in each State in 1926 and in 1928.
Average full-time hours per week of males in 1926 ranged by
States from 48.2 to 51.8 and of females from 48.0 to 52.3. In 1928
the averages for males ranged from 48.0 to 52.2 and for females
ranged from 48.0 to 52.5. The average for all males and females
combined, or for the industry, ranged from 48.1 to 51.8 in 1926 and
from 48.0 to 52.4 in 1928.
Average earnings per hour of males in 1926 ranged by State from
52.2 to 56.7 cents and of females from 37.2 to 47.4 cents, and for both
sexes combined from 48.2 to 52.6 cents per hour. The 1928 averages
for males ranged from 50.1 to 61.9 cents, and for females from 37.2
to 50.9 cents, and for both sexes combined from 44.9 to 57.5 cents
per hour.
Average full-time earnings per week of males in 1926 ranged by
State from $25.93 to $29.37 and of females from $19.31 to $23.19,
and of both sexes from $23.23 to $26.62. The 1928 averages for
males ranged from $25.55 to $31.01, for females from $18.77 to
$24.58, and for males and females combined from $23.21 to $27.83
per week.
T
able
2 . — Number of establishments and of wage earners, and average hours and
earnings, 1926 and 1928, by sex and State
Sex and State
Number of
establish
ments
Number of
employees
Average full
time hours
per week
i
Average
earnings
Average full
time weekly
per h ou r
ea rn in g s
1926
1928
1926
1928
1, 635
2,309
8, 830
1, 204
1, 360
2,799
3,153
862
1, 504
2,173
7,808
1,097
2,124
1, 024
1, 687
3, 013
619
49.4
50.4
48.2
50.4
<£
14
8
10
16
13
5
6
4
23
12
3
49.9
51.8
48.4
50.6
49.1 $0. 557 $0. 600
. 537
50.6
. 561
48.8
. 552
. 538
.522
51.0
.501
48. 5
. 619
50.8
.541
.549
52. 2
. 567
. 594
48.4
. 550
. 576
.547
48.0
.547
112
92
22,152
21,049
49.3
49.4
10
15
15
5
682
1,204
6,839
843
1, 036
3, 683
3, 252
279
718
1, 220
6,387
817
1, 673
731
2,997
2,822
436
49.1
50.6
48. 0
52.3
5
40
14
8
10
16
13
5
6
4
23
12
3
112
92
17, 818
10
15
15
5
2,317
3,513
15, 669
2,047
1926
1928
Connecticut..... ........................
M a i n e ______ _____ ________
Massachusetts. - _____ ______
New Hampshire____________
New J e rs e y ............... ..........
N ew Y ork ___ ______ _______
Pennsylvania____ __________
Rhode Island-............. ............
Vermont__________ ____ _____
10
15
15
5
Total........ .......................
1926
1928
1926
1928
$27. 52
27. 06
25. 93
26.31
27.00
29. 37
26. 62
27. 68
$29. 46
28. 39
26. 94
25. 55
30. 02
27. 89
31. 01
27. 88
26.26
.545 |
j .568
26. 87
28. 06
.450
. 448
. 430
.422
.474
.372
.413
.453
.474
.483
. 450
.372
. 509
.465
.383
.423
.391
22.10
22. 67
20. 64
22.07
48.9
51.9
48.1
51.2
49. 2
50. 2
48. 0
52.5
48.3
48.4
52. 5
48.1
48.0
23.18
19. 31
19. 87
23.19
23. 32
24. 25
21.60
19. 53
24. 58
22. 51
20.11
20. 35
18. 77
17,801
49.3
49.2
.418
.438
20. 61
21. 55
49.3
50.4
48.1
51.2
. 515
. 459
. 482
.524
.562
. 534
. 511
.449
. 575
. 519
. 469
. 511
.485
25.93
25. 55
23.86
24. 68
~49.5~
51.8
48. 2
50.8
49.1
50.4
48.4
51. 7
48.4
49.8
52.4
48. 2
48.0
.526
. 507
.496
.482
2,396
6,482
6,405
1,141
2,222
3, 393
14,195
1,914
3, 797
1,755
4,684
5,835
1,055
"25.49"
23. 78
23. 23
26. 62
27. 59
26. 91
24. 73
23. 21
27. 83
25. 85
24. 58
24. 63
23.28
39, 970
38, 850
49.3
49.3
.491
.514
24. 21
25. 34
MALES
FEMALES
C onnecticut... _______ _____
M a in e._____ ___ ___________
Massachusetts
New Hampshire_____ ____ _
N ew Jersey________ ________
New Y ork ____________ ____
Pennsylvania________ ______
Rhode Island_______________
Vermont___ ______ _________
T otal....................... .
MALES AND FEMALES
Connecticut________ ________
M aine______________________
Massachusetts______ ______
New Hampshire_____ ____ _
New Jersey............................
New Y ork ................................
Pennsylvania________ ______
Rhode Island________ __
V erm on t................................
5
40
14
8
10
16
13
5
6
4
23
12
3
T otal...............................
112
92
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
AVERAGE
AN D
9
CLASSIFIED E A R N IN G S PER H O U R
Average and classified earnings per hour are presented in Table 3
for mule spinners, frame spinners, and for weavers, male, and for
weavers, female, for each of the years from 1910 to 1928 in which
data for woolen and worsted goods manufacturing have been collected
and published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; also for the wage
earners in 10 other important occupations in the industry for two
years only, 1926 and 1928. The classification for these occupations
is representative of all of the occupations in the industry. Like fig
ures are shown for 1928 in Table B, pages 31 to 35, by State for the
employees in each of these 13 occupations.
The 1928 figures in the table are for males only in 4, for females
only in 4, and for both sexes in 5 of the 13 occupations. The 9,901
maies in these occupations represent 47 per cent of all of the males
that were included in the study in that year, the 11,401 females rep
resent 64 per cent of all of the females, and the males and females
together represent 54.8 per cent of all of the employees included in
that study. The primary purpose of this table and of Table B is to
show the difference in the spread of average earnings per hour of
individual workers.
The average earnings per hour of employees in the various occu
pations as shown in Table 3 were computed by dividing the combined
earnings of all employees in the occupation by the combined hours
worked.
In 1910 the 529 mule spinners, male, earned an average of 22.4
cents per hour and 26 per cent of them earned less than 20 cents per
hour and none earned as much as 40 cents per hour. Average earn
ings per hour in the occupation increased to 81.6 cents in 1920,
when only 1 per cent of the 960 employees in the occupation earned
an average of less than 40 cents per hour, and 58 per cent of them
earned 80 cents or more per hour. The average decreased from 81.6
cents in 1920 to 67 cents in 1922, increased to 75.5 cents in 1924,
decreased to 69.5 cents in 1926 and to 68.4 cents in 1928 when less
than 1 per cent of the 1,106 employees included in the study in that
year earned less than an average of 40 cents per hour, and between
21 and 22 per cent earned an average of 80 cents or more per hour.
Four per cent earned 40 and under 50 cents, 23 per cent earned 50
and under 60 cents, 26 per cent earned 60 and under 70 cents, 25 per
cent earned 70 and under 80 cents, 17 per cent earned 80 and under
90 cents, 3 per cent earned 90 and under 100 cents, 1 per cent earned
$1 and under $1.10, and less than 1 per cent earned an average of
$1.10 and under $1.25 per hour. The percentage distribution of em
ployees by average earnings per hour as shown in the table are graphic
in effect in that they show that the lowest hourly earnings in the
later years begin where the highest averages ended in the earlier
years of the study.
T
able
3 . — Average and classified earnings per hour for employees in 18 specified occupations, 1910 to 1928, by sex and year
Per cent of employees whose earnings per hour were—
80, 90,
$1, $1.10, $1.25
un cts., un
un
and
der un der
der
90 der $1.10 $1.25 over
cts. $1
10,
un
der
12
cts.
12,
un
der
14
cts.
14,
un
der
16
cts.
16,
un
der
18
cts.
18,
un
der
20
cts.
20,
un
der
25
cts.
25,
un
der
30
cts.
30,
un
der
40
cts.
40,
un
der
50
cts.
50,
un
der
60
cts.
60,
un
der
70
cts.
70,
un
der
80
cts.
$0,224
.224
.240
.239
.249
.316
.499
.816
.670
.755
.695
.684
0)
0)
0)
0)
(0
1
2
2
1
1
1
0)
8
9
5
8
4
0)
15
15
10
10
12
0)
47
53
42
38
37
20
1
25
18
34
31
31
21
1
2
3
8
10
14
47
20
1
1
0)
0)
0)
0)
1
11
30
1
13
1
7
4
0)
1
26
10
15
13
19
23
15
17
30
18
28
26
6
14
21
29
23
25
1
16
14
25
13
17
578
1,002
1,070
751
970
1,202
1, 330
1,026
972
1,106
1, 228
1, 281
.122
. 126
. 144
.140
.147
.180
.278
.481
.345
.417
.362
.383
32
4
84
36
63
58
0)
50
7
48
26
35
4
0)
0)
0)
16
0)
2
1Q1A
iyiu
1911
<6/
46
46
47
48
61
61
64
64
68
97
83
2,907
4,049
9fi7I
•ZU
0)
0)
OIA
1
•AlU
0)
937t
•Lo
0)
0)
.232
0)
. 238
0)
0)
DIM
0)
0)
.470
........1........
.807
1
. 616
. 701 0) ........1 ' "
........1
.652
.658 ........1........ !........
4
4
13
11
12
40
21
1
4
2
3
3
0)
0)
0)
1
0)
10
34
2
14
8
10
9
3*834
4, 336
5, 431
5,812
4, 825
5, 518
5, 725
5, 528
4,641
.
0)
1
25
6
25
16
22
22
0)
0)
2
4
1
1
(0
47
39
3
2
1
(l)
41
47
34
42
28
8
7
13
53
54
54
8
(i)
8
2
16
27
1
0)
1
43
2
15
21
0)
0)
0)
4
4
2
2
2
i
C1)
44
/.\
1
3
0)
9
(0
Q
4
9
9
5
5
4
1
(0
15
13
8
9
7
2
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
19
15
11
12
10
3
0)
(9
0)
0)
0)
0)
33
35
34
33
34
17
2
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
14
17
26
24
29
26
5
0)
1
0)
1
0)
0)
2
2
I
1
1
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
15
5
9
6
3
13
1
4
3
1
11
1
1
3
0)
0)
(0
0)
AND
1913
1
fil A
iyi4
lyio
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
0)
0)
42
0)
0)
(0
0)
11
15
30
22
27
28
1
0)
2
23
16
25
21
21
0)
0)
1
19
6
17
11
10
0)
17
2
7
4
4
0)
(0
GOODS
1910
1911
1012
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
g
10
10
10
9
14
15
14
15
14
23
22
897
1,222
1,431
960
1,119
1,290
1,249
1,106
WORSTED
40
40
42
42
46
46
46
44
47
69
61
HOURS— WOOLEN
529
638
719
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
Spinners, frame:
Weavers:
M a le ..-----------------------------------
9,
un
der
10
cts.
AND
Spinners, mule:
Year
WAGES
Occupation and sex
N um N um Average
ber of ber of
earn Un 8,
estab
em
ings per der un
lish ployees hour
der
8
ments
9
cts. cts.
9
2
1
2
5
0)
1
0)
1
2
0)
0)
1
1
Female..... ....... .........................
W ool sorters:
M ale............. ...............................
Card tenders:
M ale...........................................
Female....... ................................
Drawing frame tenders:
Male___________ ___________
Female...................................... .
Fem ale.......... ..... .......................
Loom fixers:
M ale............. .............. ................
Burlers:
Female........................................
Menders:
Female........................................
Truckers:
M ale_______ _________________
Laborers, dye house:
M ale........... ................................
1 Less than 1 per cent.
.180
.184
.206
.197
.203
.271
.406
.747
.576
.654
.600
.605
1926
1928
1926
1928
30
22
2
2
445
392
37
27
0. 713
.728
.698
.565
1926
1928
1926
1928
70
62
19
15
531
550
166
136
.419
.447
.365
.383
1926
1928
1926
1928
9
6
26
25
271
66
1, 753
1,766
.380
.386
.352
.356
1926
1928
1926
1928
5
9
22
20
47
73
701
588
.288
.303
.280
.284
1926
1928
95
82
1, 283
1,407
,391
.371
1926
1928
99
83
748
692
.807
.821
1926
1928
90
79
1, 722
1, 691
.381
.383
0)
0)
1926
1928
91
82
2,121
2,086
.507
.488
0)
1926
1928
93
79
1,236
1,419
.408
.417
1
1926
1928
82
72
1,008
962
.445
.463
1
1
!
0)
fn
0)
0)
0)
0)
C1)
2
1
1
C1)
1
C1)
7
8
4
4
5
0)
0)
0)
0)
1
10
12
5
8
6
1
0)
14
16
9
11
9
2
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0
17
16
14
16
13
4
1
0)
19
15
17
18
16
6
1
(0
0)
0)
0)
(0
25
23
32
27
30
26
5
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
5
6
14
12
15
30
10
0)
1
0)
1
1
0)
" "" 1 ........
!
■1
1
0)
2
0)
0)
1
0)
0)
1
0)
0)
0)
0)
1
23
13
20
17
16
0)
17
5
13
7
g
0)
12
1
4
3
3
4
4
14
11
10
16
75
67
70
78
4
10
0)
3
2
7
0)
4
5
4
3
8
1
1
5
2
7
6
69
76
85
80
23
20
8
13
1
3
0)
5
16
28
62
56
51
37
36
34
27
29
2
4
2
5
1
3
5
8
11
52
48
23
24
8
8
4
3
1
1
0)
0)
0)
2
2
10
7
35
32
34
36
i
0)
(0
5
20
22
23
22
24
59
61
32
32
2
0)
3
2
0)
0)
14
12
26
21
26
26
19
1
1
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
4
29
4
22
12
17
14
36
22
63
64
0)
'
1
1
5
3
4
26
34
1
8
4
7
7
2
2
0)
0)
1
2
3
0)
1
0)
0
1
(0
0)
0)
0)
1
1
0)
2
1
0)
......... 1..........
1
1.........
11
9
51
47
25
30
7
8
2
1
2
2
1
16
18
33
39
25
24
16
12
6
4
4
3
38
33
47
48
10
12
0)
1
0)
0)
9
4
83
76
5
13
3
6
0)
0)
7
0)
1
1
1
3
7
16
15
0)
(0
2
1
1
0)
0)
1
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0
SUMMARY
Spooler tenders:
Female______________________
2,855
3,384
3, 586
3,493
3,862
4, 505
5,295
3, 783
3,622
3, 713
2, 748
2,419
AND
D offers:
Male.................... .......................
27
46
47
47
48
61
61
63
63
67
89
79
INTRODUCTION
Female........................................
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
12
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
REGULAR
OR
C U ST O M A R Y H O U R S
OF O P ER ATIO N
The regular or customary full-time hours per day and week of a
woolen or worsted mill are the hours of operation when the mill is
working its recognized standard of full time as established by the
regular time of beginning work in the morning and of closing in the
afternoon less the regular time off duty at or near noon for the mid
day meal, with no overtime and no loss of time f#r any cause.
Table 4 shows average full-time hours per week and the per cent
of the employees at each classified group of full-time hours per
week for the employees in each of 13 important occupations in the
industry for each of the specified years from 1910 to 1928 for which
data are available. For a distribution of the number of employ ees
in each of these 13 occupations and States by full-time hours per
week for 1928 see Table C, pages 36 to 38.
Average full-time hours per week for wool sorters, the first occupa
tion in Table 4, which were 56.3 in 1910 and 56.4 in 1911, decreased
to 55.2 in 1912, decreased gradually from year to year to 54.1 in
1916, increased to 54.4 in 1918, decreased abruptly to 48.1 in 1920,
increased gradually from year to year to 50.8 in 1926 and then de
creased to an average of 49.9 hours per week in 1928, an average of
1.8 hours per week more than in 1920.
In 1910 and 1911 there were no wool sorters with 54 or less full
time hours per week. The hours of 88 per cent of the 289 in the
occupation in 1910 were “ over 54 and under 5 7 ” per week, of 4 per
cent were “ 57 and under 6 0 ,” and of 8 per cent were “ 60 and over”
per week. The full-time hours of 61 per cent of the employees in
the occupation in 1912, of 65 per cent in 1913, of 83 per cent in 1914,
of 82 per cent in 1916, and of 87 per cent in 1918 were 54 per week.
Between the studies of the industry in 1918 and 1920 there was
almost a complete change in full-time hours from 54 to 48 per week.
In 1920 the hours of 99 per cent of the wool sorters included in the
study in that year were “ 48 and under 5 4 ” per week and of 1 per
cent were 54 per week. The per cent at 48 hours per week in each
year since 1920 was 94 in 1922, 75 in 1924, 52 in 1926, and 69 at 48
and 31 at 54 in 1928. The figures for wool sorters are representative
of the hours and change of hours of the other occupatons in the
industry from 1910 to 1928.
T
able
4.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in IS specified occupa
tions, 1910 to 1928, by sex and year
Occupation and sex
W ool sorters:
M ale______________________
Year
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
Aver Per cent of employees whose full-time
N um
hours per week were—
age
ber
N um full
ber of time
of
Over
Over 57,
em
estab
Un
48,
un 60
54,
lish ployees hours
der
48
54
per
under
under
der and
ments
week 48
54
60 over
57
18
19
19
19
15
17
20
22
17
19
30
22
289
444
471
246
381
412
538
423
358
359
445
392
* Less than 1 per cent*
•Tabulated in previous reports as “ 48 and under 54.*’
56.3
56.4
55.2
55.0
54.2
54.1
54.4
48.1
48.4
49.5
50.8
49.9
1
2 99
94
75
52
69
1
3
61
65
83
82
87
1
6
24
39
31
88
83
21
21
17
17
7
5
4
12
14
14
0 ).
g
5
3
5
13
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
T a b le 4.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 13 specified occupa
tions, 1910 to 1928, by sex and year— Continued
Occupation and sex
W ool sorters—Continued.
Fem ale..........................
Card tenders:
M ale.........
Female.
Drawing-frame tenders:
M ale........................ .
Female.
Spinners, mule:
M ale______
Spinners, frame:
Female..........
Doffers:
M ale.
^ e s s than 1 per cent.
33824°— 29------- 3
Year
N um
ber , N um
ber of
of
em
estab
lish ployees
ments
Aver Per cent of employees whose full-time
hours per week were—
age
full
time
Over
Over 57,
hours Un
48,
un 60
54,
per
der
48 under
54 1under
der and
week
48
54
60 over
57
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1
3
5
2
2
28
37
65
37
27
48.0
48.0
48.2
48.0
48.3
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
26
40
40
40
41
47
47
43
46
47
70
62
11
10
12
19
15
201
320
412
329
398
533
599
444
514
528
531
550
103
109
94
166
136
56. 9
57.1
56.4
56.3
56.1
55.8
54.8
48.4
49.5
49.4
49.8
50.3
48.3
48.2
48.0
48.7
48.1
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1928
1928
5
6
6
8
8
9
6
14
15
16
17
15
26
25
211
193
51
189
263
271
66
1, 603
1,760
1,758
1,615
1, 885
1,753
1, 766
55.0 0)
54.1
48.0
2 100
1
48.1
98
49.2
81
0)
48.8
87
48. 2
97
1 2 13
53.7
3 2 11
52.9
48.3
2 96
0)
91
48.5
48.9 " o r
83
49.7
68
49.4
73
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
26
40
40
42
42
46
46
46
44
47
69
61
529
638
719
828
897
1, 222
1,431
960
1,119
1,290
1,249
1,106
57. 0
57. 3
56. 5
56. 5
56.0
55.3
54.9
48. 2
49. 2
48.9
49. 7
49. 5
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
8
10
10
10
9
14
15
14
15
14
23
22
578
1,002
1,070
751
970
1,202
1, 330
1, 020
972
1,106
1, 228
1,281
56.0
56.4
55.2
55. 5
54.2
53.9
52.4
48.2
48.4
48.9
49.8
49.7
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
5
5
6
5
7
5
9
255
138
108
165
214
47
73
49.8
50.5
46.3
47.0
49.9
48.2
50.3
2 100
100
97
100
78
3
0)
4
i
i
6
0)
2
0)
51
40
27
30
26
24
2 94
81
81 '
66
68
2 95
97
100
89
88
22
25
296
82
83
69
73
27
24
296
90
82
65
70
3
22
4
5
12
5
3f5
32
46
47
62
3
9
9
16
14
5
66
55
18
24
18
22
16
20
35
33
36
19
15
1
1
14
10
13
8
18
17
14
2
4
4
2
8
8
11
2
1
4
3
3
10
8
2
77
96
4
4
2
5
5
2
2
13
3
62
66
4
9
12
27
22
4
6
8
4
35
30
48
55
58
4
11
9
16
15
4
8
4
53
43
75
70
80
3
8
14
27
27
1
16
23
21
2
3
0)
61
49
15
21
17
17
24
26
38
38
41
19
18
1
13
13
11
8
17
8
12
3
1
(0
1
1
1
5
4
97
80
32
34
25
20
9
19
14
23
1
2
3
1
1
2
49
60
2 73
70
27
89
55
11
15
47
27
2Tabulated in previous reports as “ 48 and under 54.’
3
14
W AGES AND HOURS---- WOOLEN AND WORSTED
GOODS
T a b le 4.— Average and classified f ull-time hours per week in 13 specified occupa
tions, 1910 to 1928, by sex and year— Continued
O ccup ation and sex
Y ear
Per cent of em ployees w hose full-tim e
A v e r
hours per week w ere—
age
N um
full
ber of
Over
Over 57,
tim e U n
e sta b
60
em
54,
48,
un
54 ,
lish p lo y e e s hours d e r
48 .
under
L
i n d e r der and
per
m ents
48
o
v e r
54
57
60
w e e k
1N u m
ber
of
D offers— C on tinued .
1910
1918
1920
1922
Spooler tenders:
L oom f i x e r s :
M ale . _ .......................... - .........
W eavers:
M a l e . . - ......................................
F e m a l e .......................... ..........
Burlers:
F em a le....................................
M enders:
F e m a le ................... ...........
1 Less than 1 per cent.
24
22
2 07
08
62
59
58
709
829
501
619
560
701
588
52. 2
48. 0
40. 7
48.1
48. 1
49. 9
50. 3
22
37
30
19
20
1920
1928
12
12
14
14
10
22
20
1910
1918
1920
1922
1924
1920
1928
55
59
04
95
82
1, 571
1,514
1,474
1, 247
1, 228
1, 283
1, 407
54.1
53. 0
48. 2
48. 7
48. 0
49. 1
49. 0
4
7
1
0)
(0
0)
429
509
589
581
651
794
843
50.0
40
40
47
47
00
01
04
08
99
83
747
821
7 -i8
692
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1910
1918
1920
1922
1924
1920
1928
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1910
1918
1920
1922
1921
1920
1928
27
40
40
47
48
01
61
64
04
08
97
83
27
40
40
47
48
01
61
03
03
07
89
79
2, 907
4, 049
4, 470
3, 834
4, 330
5, 431
5, 812
4, 825
5, 518
5. 725
5! 528
4, 041
2, 855
3
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1910
1918
1920
1922
1921
1920
1928
20
43
44
44
1 t) t
r,
j. :) !;>
’8
1
>
1 t n
55
55
04
01
60
90
79
1.
J, NO1
2, 321
1, 773
1, 711
1, 722
1, 091
.9
.0
0
1. 0
54. 1
■IS. 1
4S. 2
49. 2
49. 3
49.3
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1910
1918
1920
1922
1924
1920
192S
25
41
44
42
43
1. 196 i
1,1 2 J
1, 6 8
1, 3V8 i
1. fOl
1, 707
53
72
" ' " 92’
l ’ 9>5
48. 4
89
1, S50
90
2. 121 i 48.6 " o f
84
2, 080 1 48.5
i 89
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1910
1918
1920
1922
1924
192!)
1928
2/
-t
\^ >
4
01
03
64
91
82
i
1
1
81
57.1
57. 1
4
70
75
4
11
9
15
15
8
18
11
4
38
39
58
00
74
4
6
13
9
11
1
4
10
4
33
28
60
04
73
4
8 |
9
8
8
...
;
"n 2
9
.1 r
1
22
22
291
r
1
2
2
30
8
i
- ■ > -i
■' 5
89
87
80
84:
j
i
I
i“ T
s
1
U
1. 1
3
( 1
!
1
!
!
39
30
9
0
,4 . 7
^ 1
0. 9
i ». 2
’ 7 ->
2 *1 *
)
21
595
H/
89
78
81 !
55* 9
55! 8
55. 1
21
54. 9
54. 5
21
48. 3 " o r i 2 Q f ,
1
48. 4
92
1 83
49. 0
78
49. 0
1
3 " '3
1 >
i
-12
6
42
53
3
13
11
28
36
50
24
1 >4
0 ) ! 2 95
0 ) I 92
!
1
84
71
2
4
14
9
!
80
i
i
t
. . . . . . ! --------- --------21
22
93
94
78
73
74-
0)
(n
1
1
0)
(0
2
10
4
0
12
13
11
1
1
57
82
80
91
0
1
3
8
79
68
32
31
27
26
20
9
24
21
26
7
10
8
8
12
8
9
4
7
4
5
1
1
2
2
1
65
60
28
32
19
17
21
17
25
24
34
11
14
C 1)
(>)
C1)
19
14
15
6
9
4
4
1
1
2
2
84
03
28
32
39
32
21
1
1
1
7
9
9
28
25
36
8
2
8
8
1
0)
2
1
18
i
(])
9
27
30
26
4
9
46
52
20
40
51
20
05
80
17
5
4 --------19
: : : : : --------- --------- " ’ 53"
3
4
3
1
11
0)
81
05
17
50.8
55
54.
51.
5L
2
10
9
7
2
1
.....
•
73 i 10
72
20
23
16
9
8
5
8
9
1 1
i It
1
1
!
5 Tabulated in previous reports as “ IS and under 54.”
18
15
12
4
15
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
T a b le
4 .— Average and classified full-tim e hours per week in IS sp ecified occupar
tions, 1910 to 1928, by sex and year — C o n t i n u e d
Occupation and sex
Year
Truckers:
M a le..
Laborers, dyehouse:
M a le ...
N um
Num
ber
ber of
of
em
estab
lish ployees
ments
Aver Per cent of employees whose full-time
hours per week were—
age
full
Over 57,
Over
time Un
un 60
54,
48,
hours der
under
per
der and
under
48
57
54
week
60 over
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
62
60
64
93
79
1,205
1, 334
1, 672
1,236
1, 419
48.1
48.2
49.2
48.9
48.5
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
27
45
45
46
47
55
55
52
54
59
82
72
837
1,116
1,093
1,041
1,427
1, 636
1,606
961
1,032
877
1,008
962
56.3
56.6
55.5
55.6
54.9
55. 0
54.7
48. 3
48.9
49.2
49.4
49.1
1 Less than 1 per cent.
2 95
95
81
0)
0)
C1)
2
0)
0)
85
74
25
29
18
25
25
22
2 95
87
82
74
81
0)
C1)
* Tabulated in previous reports as "48 and under 54.”
Table 5 shows for each establishment in each State the regular
full-time hours per week and per day in 1928. The hours per week
range from 48 for 65 establishments with the lowest to 58 for the
1 with the highest. The hours per day, Monday to Friday, range
from 8 % to
and on Saturday range from 35/e to 5
for the 78
establishments that were operated on that day. Fourteen establish
ments were not operated on Saturday. The hours of 8 of the 14 were
9 % on five days, of 3 were 9 ^ on four days and 9 on one day, and
of 1 were 10 on four days and 8 on one day or 48 per week, and of 2
were 10 on five days or 50 per week.
103^2
T a b le
5 .— Num ber o f establishments in each State, by fu ll-tim e hours per week and
per day, 1928
Full
time
hours
per
week
Full-time hours per
day
M on
day to
Thurs
day
50% .....
5 3
5 3 % ...
5 4
5 5
5 5^ ----58..........
In
In
In
In
In
In
Massa New
S atu r Con
New
New
day necti M aine chu Hamp Jersey York
shire
cut
setts
m
m
8H
48.
50.........
Fri
day
Number of establishments—
In
In
In
Penn R hod
e Ver
syl Island mont Total
vania
22
m
26
5
4H
3H
93/5
9%
10
9
9
9M2
m
10
m
m
9U
m
m
m
10
10
10
10H
9
8
9
9
9Vl2
m
10
9i/4
9H
9H
9H
9H
9H
10
10
10
lO1
^
Total.
m
0)
5
47A2
41/e
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
19
3
m
5
5
5H
5
06
4
5
5H
51/2
1
1
2
1
1
10
1 Approximately one-half of the employees.
23
92
16
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
D AYS
W ORKED
BY E M P L O Y E E S
Table 6 shows the per cent of employees in each of 12 representa
tive occupations by the number of specified days on which they
worked in one week and in one occupation in which they worked
two weeks in 1928. Any part of a day on which any work was done
was counted a day.
The 392 male wool sorters of 22 establishments worked an average
of 3.5 days in one week. One per cent of them worked on 1 day
only, 39 per cent on 2 days, 17 per cent on 3 days, 17 per cent on 4
days, 6 per cent on 5 days, and 20 per cent worked on 6 days in one
week.
T
able
6.— Number of days on which employees in 13 representative occupations
worked in one pay period, 1928, by sex
O N E -W E E K P A Y P E R IO D
N um N um
ber of ber of
estab
em
lish
ployees
ments
Occupation and sex
W ool sorters:
Male ____________________________
Female___________________________
Card tenders:
M ale........ ................. .........................
____ _______ ____ _____
Female
Drawing frame tenders:
M ale_____________________________
Female_________ ______ ________
Spinners, mule, male_ ________ ______
Spinners, frame, female_______________
Doffers:
M ale____________ ________________
Female______________ ____ ____ __
Spooler tenders, female_____ ____ ____
Loom fixers, male____________________
Burlers, female_______________________
Menders, female_____ _______________
Truckers, male_______________________
Laborers, dyehouse, male_____________
Average Per cent of employees in occupation
who in pay period worked—
days on
which
em ploy
ees
worked ld a y 2 days 3 days 4 days 5 days 6 days
22
2
392
27
3.5
2.8
1
4
39
74
17
17
6
4
20
19
62
15
550
136
5.0
4.5
2
1
5
10
7
9
15
35
20
10
51
35
6
25
Cl
22
66
1,766
1,106
1,281
3.9
4 4
4.9
4.5
4
3
2
6
4
4
6
30
17
10
12
33
24
13
24
24
25
24
33
6
26
45
22
9
20
82
83
79
82
79
72
73
588
1,407
692
1,691
2, 086
1,419
962
5.0
4.5
4.3
5. 3
4.8
4. 9
4.9
4.8
2
5
1
2
2
2
2
9
7
2
5
2
7
5
5
9
23
2
11
6
8
9
10
26
13
14
12
25
13
16
63
27
19
28
30
28
25
30
22
28
34
54
40
37
46
37
T W O -W E E K P A Y P E R IO D
Occupation
and sex
Weavers:
M ale_____
Female___
Per cent of employees in occupation who in pay period worked—
N um N um Average
on
ber of ber of days
which
estab em
em
lish ploy
4
5
1
8
9
10
11
12
6 | 7
2
3
ployees day
ments
ees
days days days days days days days days days days days
worked
83
79
4,641
2,419
9.1
8.9
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
3
5
3
8
15
5
4
8
13
6
3
13
9
17
17
29
28
OVERTIM E
Overtime is generally considered as time worked in excess of the
regular full-time hours per day or per week and is frequently paid
for at a higher rate than is paid for the regular working time.
Of the 92 establishments included in the 1928 study 52 reported
an extra or higher rate for overtime than for regular working time
and 40 reported the same rate for both regular and overtime work.
17
BONUS SYSTEMS
One and one-half times the regular rate was paid for overtime to
all of the employees of 32 establishments who did any such work and
to a specified part of the force of 8 establishments. Other rates for
overtime as paid by 12 establishments ranged from one and one-tenth
to one and one-fourth times the regular rate as shown in Table 7.
T
able
7 . — Number of establishments paying extra for overtime, employees entitled,
and amounts of increase, 1928
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
40
32
4
1
1
1
1
1
5
Hourly
rate
multi
plied
by—
Employees entitled to increased
rate
N o n e ___________________________
A ll............. ......................... ..............
All, with a few exceptions_______
Fullers on ly_____________________
Warpers and dresser ten d ers __
All, except dyehouse em ployees...
All time workers________________
D o ....... ........................................
A ll......................................................
1H
1H
1H
m
iy2
1H
m
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
Employees entitled to increased
rate
1
1
A ll_____ __________ _____________
All except night gig-room em
ployees................................ ..........
2 A ll_______ ________ _____________
(Repairers__________ ____________
1 1All others............. ..........................
f Mechanics............... ..........................
1 \A11 others................ ........................
Hourly
rate
multi
plied
b y—
UH
lH
IMo
mIMo
ltt
IMo
1 Lunch period, 1H.
BONUS SYSTEMS
Fifty-three of the 92 mills reported bonus systems in effect at the
time of the 1928 study. The basis of the bonus for each establish
ment, the wage earners who were entitled to the bonus, and the
amount of and the conditions necessary to get the bonus are pre
sented in Table 8.
In 50 of the 53 establishments a production or time-saving bonus
was paid to employees in certain departments or occupations whereby
their earnings at their regular rates were increased by the addition
of a specified amount under the conditions given in the table.
For full-time attendance one establishment paid a bonus of $1 per
week to all productive employees and one paid 90 cents per week to
comber tenders only.
One mill paid a service bonus of $1 per week
to all employees of one year of continuous service, of $1.50 per week
to those of one and one-half years of service, and of $2 per week to
those of two or more years of service.
T
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
able
8 . — Bonus systems in the woolen and worsted industry, 1928
Wage earners
entitled
Kind
10 Production.
3 ____ d o _____
1 ____ d o _____
2 ____ d o _____
9 ____ d o ........
4 ____ d o ........
1 ........ d o ........
1 ____ d o ........
1 ____ d o ........
Loom fixers...........
____ d o ....... ............ .
____ d o ____________
Loom fixers and
weavers.
Loom fixers______
____ d o ___________
Part of loom fixers.
[Loom fixers..........
<Drawers-in and
I dressers.
fLoom fixers______
\Menders_________
i Amount not reported.
Amount
Conditions
A
l per cent of weavers’ earnings. Upkeep of looms.
1 per cent of weavers’ earnings..
Do.
2 per cent of weavers’ earnings..
Do.
Various...................... ..................
Do.
Per cent of weavers’ earnings 1..
Do.
Various........................ ................. Upkeep of extra looms.
____ d o. ______ ___ ___________
Do.
2 per cent of weavers’ earnings.. Upkeep of looms.
Various........... ........ _
Exceeding specified standard.
V%per cent of weavers’ earnings. Upkeep of extra looms.
Various.......................................... Exceeding specified standard.
18
T
W A G ES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
able
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
8 . — Bonus systems in the woolen and worsted industry, 1928 — Continued
Kind
Production.
L o o m fixers______
(Dressers,
slashers,
m en d ers, and
perchers
[L o o m fix e r s ...........
____ d o ____ \S e w e r s ...................
[ L o o m fixers______
____ do_____ \M ule spinners___
[L o o m fixers______
____ d o.
(F illing w ind ers___
P r o d u ctiv e _______
____ d o.
M u le spinners___
____ do.
A ll___________ _____
____ d o.
Dresser ten ders.
____ d o.
Reelers____ _____
____ d o.
Spoolers................. .
____ d o.
M u le spinners___
____ d o.
Sew ers____________
____ d o.
____ d o ____________
____ do.
M u le spinners___
____ d o.
o m fixers and
{L oboss
filling car
1 ____ d o.
riers.
[M
e
n
d
e
r
s ................ .
____ d o ........
ISpeckers..................
Service..
Attendance
____ d o ____
Production.
Amount
Wage earners
entitled
All..
All productive___
Comber tenders. _
Loom fixers..........
Conditions
Per cent of weavers’ earnings L.
Upkeep of looms.
V arious.............. .......... ...............
Exceeding specified standard.
Yi per cent of weavers’ earnings. Upkeep of looms.
Exceeding specified standard.
Various______________________
1 per cent of weavers’ earnings.. Upkeep of looms.
Various_______________________ Exceeding specified standard.
Per cent of weavers’ earnings L. Upkeep of looms.
Exceeding specified standard.
Various________ _____ ______
Do.
do.
Do.
.d o .
Do.
_do.
Do.
_do_
do
Do.
Do.
do
do
Over 12 spindles in 12 hours.
$1.55 per cu t............... ................ Excess of 5 cuts in 48 hours.
93 cents per cut_______________ Over 14 cuts in 48 hours.
1 cent per pound______________ Over 800 pounds in 48 hours.
1 per cent of weavers’ earnings Jupkeep cof looms.
equally divided.
$1 per cu t..................................... After 13 cuts per week.
20 cents per cut working alone; After 4 cuts per day.
10 cents per cut working in
pairs.
After 1 year, $1 per week; after Continuous service.
Vyi years, $1.50; after 2 years,
$ 2.
$1 per week___________________
90 cents per week________ ____
y2 per cent of weavers’ earnings
for single and 1 per cent for
double loom.
Full-time attendance.
Do.
Upkeep of looms.
i Amount not reported.
INDEX NUMBERS OF EMPLOYMENT AND OF PAY ROLLS,
1923 TO 1928
Index numbers of employment and of pay rolls in woolen and wor
sted goods manufacturing are presented in Table 9 for each month,
January, 1923, to December, 1928, and for each of the years 1923 to
1928, inclusive. These numbers were computed from the volume of
employment and the amount of the pay rolls for each of the months
and years, with the 1926 average taken as the base or 100 per cent.
The numbers are published by the bureau in monthly reports on
“ Trend of employment” in the United States.
During the period January, 1923, to December, 1928, both monthly
employment and pay rolls were highest, 127.6 and 138.1, respectively,
in M ay, 1923, and lowest, 91.0 in July, 1928, for employment, and
87.7 in April, 1928, for pay rolls. Index numbers of employment bv
years were 124.5 in 1923, 113.3 in 1924, 110.7 in 1925, 100.0 in 1926,
99.7 in 1927, and 95.0 in 1928; and of pay rolls were 126.7 in 1923,
114.1 in 1924, 110.6 in 1925, 100.0 in 1926, 100.6 in 1927, and 94.4
in 1928.
19
DAYS OR NIGHTS OF OPERATION IN YEAR
T a b le 9.— In dex numbers o f em ployment and of pay rolls, January, 1928, to
December, 1928, by 'month and year
[Average for 1926=100]
E m p lo y m e n t
Pay-roll totals
M o n th
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
January .......... .
F eb ru a ry ______
M a r c h . __...........
A p ril_____ _____
M a y _ _ ................
Ju n e.....................
J u ly .....................
A u g u st________
S eptem ber.........
O ctob er________
N o v e m b e r.........
D ecem b er........ ..
122.9
124.7
126.0
127. 4
127. 6
126.4
125. 0
123. 8
121.9
122.2
123. 7
122.7
120. 5
120.3
119. 4
113.1
110.1
106.1
101.1
102. 5
109.2
116. 8
119.2
120.9
118.4
117. 1
114.4
112. 8
109.3
108. 3
106.8
107.1
107.5
108. 7
109.6
108.8
107.2
99. 8
97. 3
96.4
95.6
95. 1
94.9
95. 0
99.5
105. 4
107. 2
106. 4
105. 9
106.1
102. 2
99. 3
98. 9
97.4
93. 0
97.3
98.3
99.4
100. 5
99.8
98.0
97. 3
93. 9
91. 9
93.2
94.8
91.0
93. 2
91. 2
96. 4
99.8
99.4
118.1
120. 3
122. 3
124. 3
138. 1
136. 2
130. 0
123. 6
125.6
128.5
126. 1
127. 8
121.3
124.3
119.8
110.1
107.0
100. 6
94.8
102. 3
111.2
122.4
124. 8
130. 9
126. 5
123.2
117.4
112.7
109.8
105.3
105.3
102.8
100.4
106. 5
108. 6
108. 2
107.4
98.7
96.4
93.8
93.9
94.7
94. 3
94.7
97.7
110.5
108. 0
110.4
107.7
108.5
102.3
98.1
97.0
98.2
93.0
98.4
99.6
101. 9
100.9
102.0
98.5
98.0
91. 4
87.7
93.2
94.4
88.5
91.0
89.2
99.1
99.9
102.2
A v era g e..
124.5
113.3
110.7
100.0
99.7
95.0
126.7
114.1
110.6
100.0
100.6
94.4
DAYS OR NIGHTS OF OPERATION IN YEAR
The average and classified number of days or nights on which the
92 mills were in operation during the year ending March 31, 1928,
are presented in Table 10.
All of the 92 mills had day shifts during the year and were in opera
tion an average of 276 days. The average by States ranged from 263
for the 11 mills in Rhode Island to 285 for the 7 mills in New Jersey.
During the year 1 of the 92 mills was in operation “ 194 or 197” days
and 30 were in operation “ 300 and under 310” days.
Thirty-one of the 92 mills had night shifts and were in operation
an average of 164 nights, the average by States ranging from 100 for
the 3 in Connecticut to 243 for the 4 in Rhode Island. The nights on
which the 31 mills w^ere in operation ranged from 30 for 1 of the 2
classified as having been in operation “ 30 or 3 2 ” nights in the year
to 253 for 1 of the 3 that were in operation “ 250 and under 2 60 ”
nights.
T
able
10.— Average and classified number of days or nights on which mills were in operation during the year ending March 31, 1928
70
and
under
48
86
130
or
140
156
or
166
210
200
and
and
under under
220
210
187
224
300
280
290
250
260
270
230
240
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
under under under under under under under under
310
280
300
260
270
290
240 j 250
AND
D A Y SH IF T S
T otal____
10
16
13
5
7
4
23
11
3
277
272
282
277
285
274
279
263
278
92
276
1
1
1
1
I
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
3
!
1
2
164
1
1
1
1
2
3
8
1
2
2
2
8
2
2
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
10
8
11
10
1
1
2
3
3
1
1
7
3
GOODS
31
2
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
2
1
WORSTED
100
103
190
187
223
130
111
243
177
1
1
3
1
1
4
1
AND
Total
3
3
6
3
3
1
6
4
2
1
3
1'
N IG H T S H IF T S
Connecticut
Maine
assachusetts
New Hampshire
jsTftw Tersev
New York
Pennsylvania
R hode Island
Vermont
1
1
1
HOURS— WOOLEN
Connecticut.......
M aine_________
M assachusetts..
N ew Hampshire
N ew Jersey____
N ew Y ork _____
Pennsylvania. __
Rhode Is la n d ...
V erm ont_______
WAGES
State
Number of mills in operation each classified number of days or nights
N um Aver
ber
age
of
number
30
estab of days
lish
or
ments nights
21
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
IMPORTANCE OF WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
MANUFACTURING
Table 11 shows for the industry the number of establishments, aver
age number of wage earners, amount of wages paid, cost of materials,
value of products, and value added by manufacture in 1914, 1919,
1921, 1923, and 1925 for the United States as a whole, and in 1925
only for each of the nine States for which 1928 data are presented
in this report. Average per wage earner of yearly earnings, cost of
materials, value of products, and of value added by manufacture,
are also presented in the table, and likewise the per cent that wages
are of value added by manufacture.
Average annual wages per wage earner ranged by years from $479
in 1914 to $1,158 in 1925. The averages by States in 1925 ranged
from $1,124 to $1,272.
W ages form ed 57 per cent of the value added b y m anufacture in
1914 and in 1925, 51 per cent in 1923, 49 per cent in 1921, and 42 per
cent in 1919. Th e per cent wages form ed of the value added by
m anufacture in the various States in 1925 ranged from 52 to 73.
T
11.— Number of establishments, wage earners, cost of materials, value of
products, and value added by manufacture in the woolen and worsted goods industry,
1914 to 1925
able
[From United States Census of Manufactures]
State and year
Number
of estab
lish
ments
Average
number of
wage
earners
Wages
Cost of
materials
Value of
products
United States:
1914........ ............ ............
1919........... .................1921..............— ............
1923................................
1925..................................
1935
799
852
814
851
832
158,694
166, 787
171, 592
194, 552
165, 224
$75, 953, 444
168,108, 681
174, 894, 768
222, 984, 522
191, 270, 791
$246, 496, 666
665, 594, 683
400, 045, 562
622, 731, 847
620, 401, 943
$379, 484, 379
1, 065, 434, 072
755. 583, 76S
1, 062, 558, 438
957, 790, 338
C on n ecticu t.......................
M aine...................................
Massachusetts.. _________
New Hampshire.—.............
New Jersey..........................
New York............................
Pennsylvania......................
Rhode Island.......................
V erm ont..............................
All other States___________
49
62
187
35
33
40
171
94
16
145-
8, 897
11, 789
54, 876
5, 363
15,157
6, 519
18, 646
22, 206
2, 933
18, 838
11, 293, 634
14, 789, 711
64, 931, 507
6, 820, 244
17, 361, 534
7, 403, 323
21, 441, 795
24, 948, 761
3, 665, 985
18, 614, 297
30,815, 774.
37, 431,669
200, 289, 254
17, 109, 829
57, 781, 518
19, 438, 941
87, 760, 708
99, 706, 820
9, 308, 507
60, 758, 923
50, 604, 568
64, 923,138
309, 528, 290
28, 906, 292
85, 764, 021
32, 033. 473
129,149, 004
146, 645, 564
14, 327, 688
95, 908, 300
Value
added by
manufac
ture per
wage
earner
Value added by
manufacture
Average
annual
wages per
wage
earner
United States:
1914..................................
1919.................................
1921..................................
1923..................................
1925..................................
1935
$132, 987, 713
399, 839, 389
355, 538, 206
439, 826, 591
337, 388, 395
$479
1,008
1,019
1,146
1,158
$1, 533
3,991
2, 331
3, 201
3, 755
$2,391
6, 388
4, 403
5, 462
5, 797
$838
2, 397
2, 072
2,261
2, 042
57
42
49
51
57
Connecticut..... .....................
Maine..... ...............................
Massachusetts......................
New Hampshire...................
New Jersey...........................
New Y ork..............................
Pennsylvania........................
Rhode Island.......................
Vermont.................................
All other States.....................
19, 788, 794
27, 491, 469
109, 239, 036
11, 796, 463
27,982, 503
12, 594, 532
41, 388, 296
46, 938, 744
5, 019,181
35, 149, 377
1, 269
1,255
1,183
1, 272
1,145
1,136
1,150
1,124
1, 250
988
3,464
3,175
3, 650
3,190
3, 812
2,982
4, 707
4,490
3,174
3, 225
5, 688
5, 507
5, 641
5, 390
5, 658
4,914
6, 926
6, 604
4, 885
5,091
2, 224
2,332
1, 991
2, 200
1, 846
1, 932
2, 220
2,114
1, 711
1,866
57
54
59
58
62
59
52
53
73
53
State and year
33824°— 29------- 4
Cost of
material
per wage
earner
Value of
products
per wage
earner
Per cent
wages are
of value
added
22
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND
WORSTED GOODS
EXPLANATION OF SCOPE AND METHOD
T his report includes 1928 data as to wages and hours o f labor for
a total of 21,049 male and 17,801 female wage earners in 92 repre
sentative w oolen and worsted mills in C onnecticut, M aine, M assa
chusetts, N ew Ham pshire, N ew Jersey, N ew Y ork , Pennsylvania,
R h od e Island, and V erm ont. These States are the m ost im portant
in num ber of wage earners in the industry, according to the 1925
Census of M anufactures, and the nnm ber of w~age earners em ployed
in them represents approxim ately 90 per cent of all in the industry
in the U nited States. The 38,850 em ployees covered in the 1928
study represents 26 per cent of the total num ber of wrage earners in
the nine States in 1925, and 233^ per cent of all in the U nited States
in that year. This study is restricted to ’the mills whose entire or
principal products are dress goods and cloth for w om en ’s coats and
m en ’s suits and overcoats, or yarns for such goods.
The number of mills for which data are presented for each o f the
years since 1910 are as follow s:
E stablishm ents
1 910.
1 911.
1912_
191319141916_
19
27
46
47
48
61
E stablishm ents
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1928
________
________
________
_________
63
67
67
72
_______
112
_________
92
The data used in this report were taken b}^ agents of the bureau
directly from the pay rolls and other records of the establishments
included in the study for a representative pay period of one week
for employees in each occupation in the industry except weavers, a
2-week pay period being taken for weavers. In plants that
reported data for tw o weeks the data for all occupations except
weavers were reduced to a 1-week basis. D ata for weavers were
reported for two weeks because of incom plete cuts carried over from
one week to another.
The data for 1928 were taken from the January pay rolls of 31
mills, the February pay rolls of 3 mills, the M arch pay rolls of 12
mills, the April pay rolls of 23 mills, the M a y pay rolls of 19 mills,
and the June pay rolls of 4 mills; the figures are therefore repre
sentative of conditions in those months.
Table 12 shows b y States the number of wage earners in the
industry in 1925 according to the U nited States Census of M a n u
factures, the num ber of establishments from w hich the Bureau of
Labor Statistics obtained data in 1928, and the num ber of wage
earners included in the 1928 study.
23
GENERAL TABLES
T
12. — Number of wage earners in woolen and worsted goods manufacturing in
1925, and number of establishments and of employees for which 1928 data are
shown, by State
able
State
Establishments and
Number
employees for
of wage
which data are
earners
shown for 1928
reported
in this report
by
United
States
Number Number
census
of estab
of em
in 1925 1 lishments ployees
Connecticut_______
M aine_____ ______
Massachusetts____
New Hampshire__
New Jersey
New Y ork________
8, 897
11, 789
54, 876
5, 363
15,157
6, 519
10
16
13
5
6
4
2,222
3,393
14,195
1,914
3, 797
1, 755
State
Pennsylvania_____
Rhode Island_____
Vermont
____
Other States______
Total______
Establishments and
Number
employees for
of wage
which data are
earners
shown for 1928
reported
in this report
by
United
States
Number Number
census
of estab
in 1925 1 lishments of em
ployees
18, 646
22, 206
2, 933
18, 838
23
12
3
4, 684
5,835
1,055
165, 224
92
38, 850
1 N ot including wage earners in establishments each of which had annual production valued at less than
$5,000.
GENERAL TABLES
In addition to the text tables already shown five general tables
are presented as follows:
Table A .— Average number of days on which employees worked,
average full-time and actual hours and earnings per pay period,
average earnings per hour, and per cent of full-time worked, 1928,
by occupation, sex, and State.
The presentation in this table in parallel columns of “ Average
full-time hours per pay period” and “ Average hours actually worked
in pay period” is for the purpose of easy comparison of the hours
that would have been worked in the pay period had all employees
in the occupation worked no more nor less than full-time with the
average hours actually worked in the pay period. One shows the full
time hours under normal conditions, while the other shows the hours
actually worked in the pay period by all employees in the occupation.
Tables B, C, D , and E are distribution tables and are limited to 13
specified occupations.
Table B.— Average and classified earnings per hour in 13 specified
occupations, 1928, by sex and State.
Table C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 13
specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State.
Table D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in one pay
period in 13 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State.
Table E .— Average and classified actual earnings in one pay period
in 13 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State.
24
T
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings per pay period, average earnings per hour, and
per cent of full time worked, 1928, by occupation, sex, and State
able
O N E -W E E K P A Y PERIOD
Occupation, sex, and State
Average
N um Num num
ber of ber of ber of
days
estab
em
lish
worked
ments ployees in pay
period
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
pay
period
Average
hours
actually
worked
in pay
period
Aver
Per
age
cent
Aver full
of full
age
time
time
earn earn
hours
ings
ings
worked per
per
in pay hour
pay
period
period
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
per
pay
period
W ool sorters, male:
Connecticut...............................
Maine____________ ______ ___
Massachusetts......... .................
New Hampshire........................
New Jersey.. ...........................
Pennsylvania......... ...................
Rhode Island............................
2
3
4
1
4
5
3
8
56
173
0)
61
37
35
5.3
4.3
2.4
0)
3.7
4.0
5.1
52.5
54.0
48.0
0)
48.0
54.0
48.0
45.1
41.3
19.8
0)
29.0
36.7
44.8
85.9 $0.801 $42.05
76.5
.668 35.96
.721 34. 61
41.3
0)
0)
0)
60.4
.845 40. 56
68.0
.686 37. 04
93.3
.748 35. 90
$36.15
27. 51
14.28
0)
24. 55
25. 22
33. 53
392
3.5
49.9
30.3
60.7
.728
36. 33
22. 06
0)
0
0)
0)
C1)
0)
0)
0)
(9
(9
Total.......................................
22
W ool sorters, female:
Massachusetts...........................
New York........................ ........
1
1
Total...................... .................
2
27
2.8
48.3
24.0
49.7
. 565
27. 29
13. 55
Wool-washer tenders, male:
Connecticut. _________ _____
Maine.................. .......................
Massachusetts.. ........................
New Hampshire.......................
New Jersey... ..........................
Pennsvl vania.......... ......... .......
Rhode Island.............................
3
2
6
2
4
5
3
5
7
38
5
23
17
10
5.2
4.9
3.3
5.4
4.9
5.6
5.3
52.8
54.0
49.3
52.8
48.0
54.0
51.6
53.7
47.3
33. 8
52.3
43.1
52.1
51.9
101.7
87.6
68.6
99.1
89.8
96.5
100.6
.529
.439
.479
.361
.521
.500
.469
27.93
23. 71
23. 61
19. 06
25. 01
27. 00
24. 20
28. 45
20. 72
16.17
18. 90
22. 44
26. 06
24. 35
25
105
4.5
50.6
43.2
85.4 i .484 | 24.49
20.94
5.2
49.1
5. 0
49. 5
4.7
48.0
5.0 1 49.2
6.0
48.0
5.2
52.4
5.2 ! 53.0
4.9 | 48.0
(1)
(1)
5.2
49.5
45.4
43.2
43.4
47.6
53.6
47.3
49.9
44.7
0)
92.5
87.3
90.4
96.7
111.7
90.3
94.2
93.1
0)
.447
.421
.425
.407
.574
.442
.457
.428
0)
21.95
20. 84
20. 40
20. 02
27. 55
23.16
24. 22
20. 54
0)
20. 31
18.18
18. 43
19. 38
30. 76
20. 92
22. 79
19.14
0)
46.7
94.3
.457
22. 62
21.34
Total........................................
Picker tenders, male:
Connecticut...............................
M a i n e .......................................
Massachusetts....... ...................
New Hampshire.......................
N ew Jersey. _ _______________
New Y ork .. ............................
Pennsylvania............ ...............
Rhode Isla n d ......................... ..
Verm ont........................ . . .........
Total______ _______ _______
Card tenders, male:
Connecticut. ...........................
M aine..._ . . . ...........................
Massachusetts. ........................
New Hampshire. .................. .
New Jersey.............. ..................
New Y ork .. .............................
Pennsylvania.............................
Rhode Isla n d ...........................
Verm ont.......... ................... .......
9
15
8
5
4
3
7
4
1
C1)
0)
0)
C1)
46
86
35
26
43
24
25
15
0)
0)
0
5G
306
9
15
9
4
5
3
9
6
2
58
71
148
42
85
28
56
40
22
5.1
5.2
4.7
4.6
4.8
5.8
5.1
5.0
5.4
49.7
50.2
50.6
52.5
48.0
52.4
53.2
48.9
48.0
44.5
45.8
40.8
45.1
40.3
51.2
46.7
47.4
45.5
89.5 $0. 425 $21.12 $18. 92
91.2 I .426 21.39
19. 50
80.6
.420 21.25
17.13
85.9
18.31
.406 21. 32
22. 82
84.0
.567 27. 22
97.7
.426 22. 32. 21.81
87.8
.464 24. 68
21.67
96.9
.413 20. 20
19. 56
94.8
.463 22. 22
21. 04
62
550
5.0
50.3
43.9
87.3
.447
22. 48
19. 63
Card tenders, female:
M aine_________ _____________
Massachusetts...........................
N ew Hampshire........................
New Jersey................................
Pennsylvania.............................
7
4
1
2
1
36
69
0)
21
0)
5.2
3.8
0)
5.6
0)
47.8
48.0
0)
48.0
0)
41.7
30.7
0)
45.8
0)
87.2
64.0
0)
95.4
0)
.352
.376
0)
.477
0)
16.83
18. 05
0)
22. 90
0)
14. 69
11.53
0)
21.87
0)
T ota l.............. ........................
15
136
4.5
48.1
36.3
75.5
.383
18. 42
13. 91
T otal.................................... .
»Data included in total.
25
GENERAL TABLES
T
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings per pay period, average earnings per hour, and
per cent of full time worked, 1928, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
O N E -W E E K P A Y P E R IO D — Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Aver
Average age
N um N um num
full
ber of ber of ber of time
estab
days
em
hours
lish
worked
per
ments ployees in pay
pay
period period
Average
hours
actually
worked
in pay
period
Card strippers, male:
Connecticut. ............. ........... .
M a in e _____ ____ ___________
Massachusetts______________
New Hampshire_______ _____
New J e r s e y . ............................
New York__...............................
Pennsylvania................ ...........
Rhode Island______ ______
Vermont.............. .......................
9
16
10
4
5
3
10
6
2
41
71
98
23
37
11
33
28
9
4.9
5.6
4.4
5.5
5.1
6.0
5.1
4.9
5.8
49.2
51.0
48.0
52.8
48.0
50.9
53.3
48.0
48.0
42.1
50.2
39.0
53.8
42.6
51.1
47.3
49.8
49.4
Aver
Per
age
cent
Aver full
of full
age
time
time
earn earn
hours
ings
ings
worked per
per
in pay hour
pay
period
period
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
per
pay
period
85.6 $0. 461 $22. 68
.462 23. 56
98.4
.450 21. 60
81.3
.409 21.60
101.9
.589 28. 27
88.8
.494 25.14
100.4
.529 28. 20
88.7
103. 8
.446 21.41
102.9
.509 24. 43
$19.39
23. 21
17. 53
22.02
25.09
25. 27
25.01
22.22
25.14
T otal........................................
65
351
5.0
49.7
45.3
91.1
.475
23. 61
21. 50
Card grinders, male:
C onnecticut............................
M aine............. ...........................
Massachusetts—........................
New Hampshire........................
New Jersey. _ _ ........................
New Y o r k .................. .............
Rhode Island.............................
2
4
5
1
2
2
1
2
7
19
6.0
6.0
5.0
0)
5.8
6.0
0)
48.0
53.1
48.0
0)
48.0
52.0
0)
50.5
54.6
45.4
0)
57.7
54.7
0)
105.2
102.8
94.6
0)
120.2
105.2
0)
.697
.498
.501
0)
.565
.599
0)
33. 46
26.44
24. 05
0)
27.12
31.15
•
0)
35.20
27.23
22. 73
0)
32. 62
32. 72
0)
.529
26.08
27. 01
0)
8
3
0)
103.7
Total........... ...........................
17
42
5.5
49.3
51.1
Gill-box tenders, male:
Maine________ _____ ________
Massachusetts_______________
New Hampshire.......................
Rhode Island.............................
1
3
1
2
0)
199
0)
35
0)
4.5
0)
4.4
0)
53.0
0)
52.8
0)
30.6
0)
46.8
0)
57.7
0)
88.6
0)
.404
0)
.437
0)
21.41
0)
23. 07
0)
12. 35
0)
20. 48
T ota l......................................
7
282
4.6
53.2
36.2
68.0
.392
20. 85
14.28
Gill-box tenders, female:
M a in e .............. .........................
Massachusetts______________
New Hampshire........... ............
New Jersey.. _______________
New York ...............................
Pennsylvania ______________
Rhode Isla n d .................. ........
I
4
1
4
1
6
3
0)
98
75
0)
131
52
0)
4.3
0)
4.6
0)
4.7
5.3
0)
48.0
0)
48.0
0)
53.7
48.0
0)
34.7
0)
36.5
0)
41.7
43.3
0)
72.3
0)
76.0
0)
77.7
90.2
0)
.364
0)
.402
0)
.444
.288 ,
0)
17. 47
0)
19. 30
0)
23. 84
13. 82
0)
12. 63
0)
14. 65
0)
18.49
12. 50
50.3
39.8
79.1
.382 | 19. 21
15. 20
0)
0)
50.9
34.5
0)
• 0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
53.8
52.9
0)
67.8
0)
0)
0)
101.7
0)
.480
0)
0)
0)
.589
(0
24. 43
0)
0)
0)
31.16
0)
16. 58
0)
0)
0)
31. 70
0)
T o ta l......................................
Comber tenders, male:
M aine____________ __________
Massachusetts_____ ____ ____
New Hampshire_____________
New Jersey...............................
New Y ork ..................................
Rhode Isla n d ................ ..........
20
393
4.7
1
3
1
1
1
2
0)
172
0)
0)
0)
17
0)
4.5
0)
0)
0)
4.9
222
4.6
51.4
38.4
74.7
.484
24. 88
18.58
18
50
0)
61
17
3.8
(0
4.2
0)
4.9
5.2
48.0
0)
48.0
(0
53.5
48.0
30.8
0)
31.5
0)
44.4
43.2
64.2
0)
65.6
0)
83.0
90.0
.401
0)
.401
0)
.530
.357
19. 25
0)
19. 25
0)
28. 36
17.14
12.36
0)
12. 65
0)
23. 57
15. 42
T o ta l.....................................
9
Comber tenders, female:
Massachusetts......... .................
New H am pshire......................
New J ersey..............................
New Y o r k ................................
Pennsylvania..................... .......
Rhode Island........................... .
3
1
4
1
6
2
0)
T otal.............. ........................
17
150
4.6
50.3
38. 5
76.5
.456
22. 94
17. 52
Drawing-frame tenders, male:
Massachusetts_______________
New Hampshire.......................
New Jersey................................
Rhode Island.............................
2
1
1
2
55
5
3.9
0)
0)
3.8
48.0
0)
0)
48.0
31.1
0)
0)
30.8
64.8
0)
0)
64.2
.384
0)
0)
.443
18.43
0)
0)
21.26
11. 93
C1)
0)
13. 61
Total............. ..........................
6
66
3.9
48.2
32.1
66.6
.386
18.61
12.39
iD ata included in total.
0
0)
26
T
W A G ES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings per pay period, average earnings per hour, and
per cent of full time worked, 1928, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
O N E -W E E K P A Y P E R IO D -C o n tin u e d
Occupation, sex, and State
Aver
Average age
Average
N um N um num
hours
full
ber of ber of ber of
time actually
estab
days
em
hours
worked
lish ployees worked per
in pay
ments
in pay
period
pay
period period
Drawing-frame tenders, female:
Maine_______________________
Massachusetts_______________
New Hampshire____ ____ ___
New- Jersey................................
New York........... .......................
Pennsylvania............................
Rhode Isla n d ...........................
Verm ont....................................
1
4
1
4
2
6
6
1
0)
798
0)
176
84
341
271
0)
0)
3.6
0)
4.8
5.7
4.9
5.2
0)
0)
48.0
0)
48.0
48.0
53.7
48.4
0)
Aver
Per
Aver
age
cent
Aver
age
full
of full
age
actual
earn time earn
time
earn
hours
ings
ings
ings
worked per
per
per
in pay hour
pay
pay
period
period
period
0)
29.0
0)
39.6
45.6
44.0
44.7
0)
T o ta l.....................................
25
1, 766
4.4
49.4
37.2 1
Spinners, mule, male:
Connecticut......... .....................
M aine................ ..................... __
Massachusetts_______________
New Hampshire________ ____
New Jersey__________ _______
New Y ork______ ____ _______
Pennsylvania________________
Rhode Island________________
V erm ont._____ _____ _______
9
15
9
5
3
4
8
5
3
157
201
302
85
39
103
109
76
34
4.9
4.9
4.6
4.4
5.5
5.2
5.4
4.7
5.4
49.3
49.1
48.6
50.3
48.0
50.9
53.6
48.0
48.0
39.1
37.5
38.6
36.9
38.5
43.6
49.6
39.3
43.1
Total........................................
61
1,106
4.9
49.5
Spinners, frame, female:
M aine_________________ _____
Massachusetts..
____ _____
N ew Hampshire.............. ........
N ew Jersey__________________
New Y o r k ...____ ___________
Pennsylvania............. .......... ...
Rhode Island................ ...........
V erm ont. ................................ .
1
4
1
4
1
5
5
1
0)
483
0)
206
0)
271
181
0)
0)
3.8
0)
4.9
0)
4.5
5.4
0)
T otal.......................................
Doffers, male:
M a in e ............ .........................
New J e r s e y .._______________
New Y ork___________________
Pennsylvania_______________
Rhode Isla n d .........................
22
1, 281
4.5
1
1
1
5
1
(l)
0)
0)
27
0)
0)
0)
0)
5.4
0)
Total........................................
Doffers, female:
Maine. _____________ ____ _
Massachusetts_______________
New H a m p s h ir e .____ _____
New Jersey......... ................. .
New York......................... ........
Pennsylvania.____ __________
Rhode Island________________
Verm ont.................................
9
73
' 1
4
1
2
1
5
5
1
0)
0)
0)
60.4 $0. 375 $18.00
0)
0)
0)
82.5
.384 18.43
95.0
.357 17.14
81.9
.312 16.75
92.4
.360 17. 42
0)
0)
0)
0)
$10.89
0)
15.20
16. 27
13. 71
16.11
0)
75.3
.356
17. 59
13.24
79.3
76.4
79.4
73.4
80.2
85.7
92.5
81.9
.89.8
.627
.668
.767
.684
.793
.654
.549
.758
.658
30. 91
32. 80
37.28
34. 41
38. 06
33. 29
29. 43
36. 38
31. 58
24.52
25. 01
29.64
25.25
30. 50
28. 51
27. 20
29.76
28. 35
40.1 1
81.0
.684
33. 86
27.39
0)
48.0
0)
48.0
0)
53. 5
48.2
0)
0)
31.9
0)
38.8
0)
39.8
44.9
0)
0)
06. 5
0)
80.8
0)
74.4
93.2
0)
0)
.401
0)
.420
0)
.335
.367
0)
0)
19. 25
0)
21.16
0)
17. 92
17. 69
0)
0)
12.81
0)
16. 33
0)
13. 32
16.50
0)
49.7 I
37.9 |
76.3
.383
19.04
14.50
0)
0)
0)
52.7
0)
0)
0)
0)
50.9
0)
(1)
0)
0)
96.6
0)
0)
0)
0)
.307
0)
0)
0)
0)
16.18
0)
0)
0)
0)
15.62
0)
5.0
50.3
47.8
95.0
.303
15. 24
14.4
193
0)
44
0)
173
105
0)
0)
3.8
0)
4.3
0)
4.7
5.2
0)
0)
48.0
0)
48.0
0)
53.6
48.3
0)
0)
31.8
0)
29.0
0)
42.1
44.6
0)
0)
66.3
0)
60.4
0)
78.5
92.3
0)
0)
.322
0)
.345
0)
.260
.272
0)
0)
15. 46
0)
16. 56
0)
13. 94
13.14
0)
0)
10. 25
0)
10.00
C1)
10.97
12.10
0)
0
T otal.. .....................................
Twister tenders, female:
C o n n e c ticu t-.......................
M a i n e .____ ____ ___________
Massachusetts.._____________
New Hampshire............ ..........
N ew Jersey......... ................. .
N ew York...................................
Pennsylvania............................
Rhode Island________________
V erm ont-...................................
20
588
4.5
50.3
38.7
76.9
.284
14. 29
11.00
4
6
11
2
6
4
12
11
1
39
14
385
19
172
57
445
173
0)
5.0
3.7
4.3
5.5
5.1
5.5
4.9
4.7
0)
50.3
48.0
48.0
53.7
48.8
48.2
53.1
48.0
0)
41.8
27.0
35.2
41.7
42.3
44.1
44.0
38.6
0)
83.1
56.3
73.3
77.7
86.7
91.5
82.9
80.4
0)
.331
.374
.357
.340
.397
.402
.330
.365
0)
16. 65
17. 95
17.14
18.26
19. 37
19. 38
17. 52
17. 52
0)
13. 84
10. 09
12. 56
14.16
16. 78
17. 75
14. 53
14.09
0)
Total........................................
57
1, 319
4.7
50.0
40.3
80.6
.354
17.70
14.28
* Data included in total.
27
GENERAL TABLES
T
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings per pay period, average earnings per hour, and
per cent of full time worked, 1928, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
O N E -W E E K P A Y PERIOD—Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Aver
Average age
num
N um
full
N
um
ber of
ber of
time
estab ber of
days hours
em
lish
worked per
ments ployees in pay
pay
period period
Average
hours
actually
worked
in pay
period
Aver
Per
age
cent
Aver full
of full
age
time
earn
time
earn
ings
hours
ings
worked per
per
in pay hour
pay
period
period
Spooler tenders, female:
Connecticut...............................
Maine........................... ..............
M assachusetts............. ...........
New Hampshire.................. .
New Jersey.................................
New Y ork..................................
Pennsylvania............................
Rhode Island________ _______
Verm ont................. ..................
10
15
12
5
6
4
16
11
3
103
134
519
72
105
58
179
173
64
5.2
4.7
3.3
4.9
4.7
4.3
5.2
4.8
5.4
48.9
49.7
48.0
51.9
48.4
48.4
52.2
48.0
48.0
41.9
37.6
26.1
43.1
40.8
31.3
45.4
39.2
47.4
85.7
75.7
54.4
83.0
84.3
64.7
87.0
81.7
98.8
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
per
pay
period
$. 370 $18.09
.408 20.28
.382 18. 34
.391 20. 29
.406 19. 65
.429 20. 76
.315 16.44
.360 17.28
.327 15. 70
$15. 51
15.34
9.97
16.85
16. 57
13.45
14. 31
14.13
15. 50
T otal___________ _________ _
82
1,407
4.3
49.0
35.6
72.7
.371
18.18
13.19
Dresser tenders, male:
C o n n e c tic u t........ ...................
M aine_____________ _________
Massachusetts______ ________
New Hampshire........................
New Jersey................ .............
New Y ork........... ......................
Pennsylvania............................
Rhode Island.............................
Verm ont________ _______ _
10
14
12
5
5
4
16
10
3
60
58
157
28
32
35
83
106
24
5.6
5.6
4.9
4.9
5.8
5.6
4.9
5.3
5.7
48.9
49.8
48.0
49.3
49.8
50.1
51.0
48.0
48.0
46.9
48.1
41.4
43.9
49.7
47.3
45.2
47.7
47.5
95.9
96.6
86.3
89.0
99.8
94.4
88.6
99.4
99.0
.643
.652
.705
.661
.761
.614
.832
.686
.638
31.44
32. 47
33.84
32. 59
37.90
30. 76
42. 43
32.93
30.62
30.17
31.35
29.19
29.01
37. 86
29.02
37. 56
32.69
30. 31
T o ta l...................... ................
79
583
5.2
49.0
45.5
92.9
.700
34. 30
31.84
Drawers-in, male:
Pennsylvania.............................
6
16
5.4
51.7
48.6
94.0
.693
35. 83
33.69
Drawers-in, female:
Connecticut...... .........................
Maine............. ..........................
Massachusetts.. _____ _______
New Hampshire........................
New Jersey................. ..............
New York..................................
■ Pennsylvania....... .....................
Rhode Island__________ _____
Vermont...................... ..............
10
16
12
5
5
4
13
12
3
62
70
207
38
40
31
50
102
24
4.5
5.3
4.4
4.8
5.3
4.4
5.1
5.1
5.4
48.9
50.1
48.0
50.2
49.1
48.4
50.3
48.0
48.0
32.1
43.9
34.5
40.3
40.9
29.4
43.5
41.6
44.5
65.6
87.6
71.9
80.3
83.3
60.7
86.5
86.7
92.7
.505
.516
.539
.483
.671
.500
.523
.498
.455
24.69
25. 85
25. 87
24. 25
32.95
24.20
26.31
23. 90
21.84
16.20
22.69
18. 57
19.44
27.47
14. 71
22. 71
20. 72
20.25
Total........................................
80
624
4.8
48.7
38.1
78.2
.525
25. 57
19. 98
Loom fixers, male:
Connecticut............. ................
Maine________________ ______
Massachusetts________ _____ _
New Hampshire—.................
New Jersey.........................
New Y ork .........................
Pennsylvania...........................
Rhode Island—_____ ______
V e r m o n t ........................
10
16
12
5
5
4
16
12
3
45
58
226
36
73
36
63
124
31
5.5
5.4
4.9
5.6
5.8
5.7
5.1
5.5
5.1
49.1
50.5
48.2
50.5
48.9
50.4
50.6
48.5
48.0
46.1
47.1
41.7
49.1
48.4
47.7
47.8
46.9
43.7
93.9
93.3
86.5
97.2
99.0
94.6
94.5
96.7
91.0
.755
.769
.840
.692
.937
.707
.879
.814
.819
37. 07
38. 83
40.49
34. 94
45. 82
35. 63
44. 48
39. 48
39. 31
34. 76
36.18
35.02
34.02
45.37
33. 69
41.99
38.19
35. 82
T ota l.....................................
83
692
5.3
49.0
45.4
92.7
.821
40. 23
37. 31
Cloth inspectors, male:
Connecticut...... ................
Maine_________ _______
M assachusetts.................... .
New H am pshire.................
New Jersey...............................
New Y ork......... .........................
Pennsylvania.........................
Rhode Island—......................
3
3
5
1
3
4
7
5
5
8
189
C1)
6
12
13
37
5.6
5.0
4.4
0)
5.7
5.0
5.0
5.4
49.2
51.8
48.0
0)
49.7
50.2
51.0
48.0
46.8
46.8
33.7
0)
49.4
43.3
38.0
46.4
95.1
90.3
70.2
0)
99.4
86.3
74.5
96.7
.554
.611
.570
0)
.650
.543
.625
.588
27. 26
31.65
27. 36
0)
32.31
27. 26
31.88
28. 22
25.91
28.56
19.18
0)
32.08
23.50
23. 76
27. 25
T otal.......................................
31
281
4.7
48.6
37.4
77.0
.572
27.80
21. 41
*Data included in total.
28
T
W AGES AND HOURS---- WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings per pay period, average earnings per hour, and
per cent of full time worked, 1928, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
O N E -W E E K PAY PERIOD— Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Aver
Average age
N um Num num
full
ber of ber of ber of
time
estab em
days
hours
lish
worked per
ments ployees in pay
pay
period period
Cloth inspectors, female:
M aine....... .................................
Massachusetts...........................
New Jersey.—...........................
Pennsylvania.............................
Rhode Island........................... .
2
1
3
3
2
3
0)
Average
hours
actually
worked
in pay
period
29
5
22
6.0
0)
4.8
5.8
5.9
52.0
0)
48.0
52.8
48.0
52.0
0)
40.3
44.1
47.6
Aver
Per
Aver
age
cent
Aver full
age
of full
age
actual
time earn
time
earn earn
hours
ings
ings
ings
worked per
per
per
in pay hour
pay
pay period
period
period
100.0 $0. 388 $20.18
0)
0)
0)
84.0
.457 21.94
83.5
.465 24. 55
99.2
.400 19.20
$20.18
0)
18.42
20.50
19.05
Total......... ..............................
11
75
4.7
48.5
37.2
76.7
.428
20. 76
15.90
Burlers, female:
C onnecticu t................. ...........
M aine.................................. .......
M assachusetts.........................
New Hampshire......................
New Jersey...................... .......
New York........... ......................
Pennsylvania......................... .
Rhode Island.............................
Vermont........ ..........................
10
13
12
5
5
4
15
12
3
84
128
559
193
157
79
191
252
48
5.1
4.8
4.6
5.2
4.5
5.2
4.6
5.2
5.3
49.1
51.2
48.0
53.4
48.9
48.3
50.7
48.0
48.0
42.0
37.2
35.3
46.3
37.3
36.6
39.4
42.6
41.1
85.5
72.7
73.5
86.7
76.3
75.8
77.7
88.8
85.6
.393
.337
.386
.357
.462
.430
.343
.395
.337
19. 30
17. 25
18. 53
19.06
22. 59
20. 77
17. 39
18.96
16.18
16. 50
12. 52
13. 62
16. 52
17. 25
15. 70
13. 50
16. 81
13. 84
Total................ .......... ............
79
1, 691
4.8
49.3
39.0
79.1
.383
18. 88
14.91
Menders, female:
Connecticut...............................
M aine.........................................
___ _______
Massachusetts
New Hampshire.......................
New Jersey...............................
New York....... ....................... .
Pennsylvania............................
Rhode Island__________ _____
Vermont____________________
10
16
12
5
5
4
15
12
3
124
187
772
71
118
102
200
443
69
5.2
5.2
4.4
5.3
5.5
4.4
4.8
5.1
5.3
49.4
49.1
48.0
49.9
49.0
48.1
50.5
48.0
48.0
44.3
42.3
34.7
43.7
44.3
31.9
30.0
42.0
47.0
89.7
86.2
72.3
87.6
90.4
66.3
77.2
87.5
97.9
.452
.420
.492
.440
.615
.528
.508
.490
.425
22. 33
20. 62
23.62
21.96
30.14
25. 40
25. 65
23. 52
20.40
20.05
17. 77
17. 07
19. 23
27. 24
16. 82
19.84
20. 57
19.95
Total.......................................
82
2,086
4.9
48.5
39.0
80.4
.488
23.67
19.05
Perchers, male:
Connecticut-.............................
Maine_____________ _________
Massachusetts ...................... .
New H am pshire......................
New Jersey................................
New York......... ........................
Pennsylvania.......................... .
Rhode Island............................
Verm ont................. ...................
9
15
12
5
5
4
15
12
3
30
27
170
32
39
25
28
91
28
5.2
5.1
5.1
5.7
5.3
5.4
5.4
5.5
5.4
48.7
49.4
48.1
52.1
49.3
49.0
51.1
48.0
48.0
44.6
44.4
40.0
51.2
44.2
46.6
48.2
48.4
46.2
91.6
89.9
83.2
98.3
89.7
95.1
94.3
100. 8
96.3
.581
.593
.575
.456
.701
.518
.651
.534
.523
28. 29
29.29
27. 66
23. 76
34. 56
25. 38
33.27
25. 63
25.10
25. 92
26. 33
22.96
23.36
30.97
24.13
31.36
25. 84
24. 20
Total. ....................................
Perchers, female:
M aine.. . . .............................
Massachusetts...........................
New Hampshire........................
New Y ork....... ........................
Pennsylvania............................
Rhode Island.............................
80
470
5.3
48.8
44.5
91.2 ! .567
27. 67
25. 23
3
1
1
1
1
6
14
0)
0)
0)
0)
33
5.1
0)
0)
0)
0)
4.6
50.1
0)
0)
0)
0)
48.0
41.0
0)
0)
0)
0)
42.2
81.8
0)
0)
0)
0)
87.9
.441
h
0)
0
.465
22.09
0)
0)
0)
0)
22. 32
18.10
0)
0)
0)
0)
19. 62
T ota l.......................................
13
65
4.7
48.6
40.8
84.0
.438
21.29
17. 86
Fullers, male:
Connecticut...................... ........
M a in e _________ ______ _____
Massachusetts...........................
New Hampshire................ .......
New Jersey.. _______________
New Y ork ....... ..........................
Pennsylvania..... .......................
Rhode Island......................... .
Verm ont............ .........................
8
14
12
5
5
4
10
7
3
20
30
74
16
46
14
17
33
9
5.5
5.0
5.4
5.5
5.2
5.8
5.2
5.6
5.1
49.4
50.7
48.0
49.9
48.2
52.0
51.6
48.0
48.0
47.7
48.7
46.9
53.7
42.8
54.1
48.8
55.8
47.0
96.6
96.1
97.7
107.6
88.8
104.0
94.6
116.3
97.9
.464
.458
.495
.471
.603
.471
.541
.433
.443
22.92
23. 22
23. 76
23. 50
29.06
24. 49
27.92
20. 78
21.26
22.12
22. 32
23.24
25. 29
25. 81
25.44
26.42
24. 21
20.81
Total........................................
68
259
5.3
49.0
48.5
99.0
.494
24. 21
23.99
1Data included in total.
29
GENERAL TABLES
T
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings per pay period, average earnings per hour, and
per cent of full time worked, 1928, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
O N E -W E E K PA Y P E R IO D —Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Aver
Average age
N um
num
N
um
full
ber of
of ber of time
estab ber
days
em
hours
lish
worked per
ments ployees in pay
pay
period period
Average
hours
actually
worked
in pay
period
Aver
Per
age
cent
Aver full
of full
age
time
earn earn
time
hours
ings
ings
worked per
per
in pay hour
pay
period
period
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
per
pay
period
99.4 $0.473 $23. 37
.434 22. 70
96. 7
91. 2
.437 21. 94
84.8
.436 22.93
96.9
.570 27.82
94.7
.440 22. 22
.531 27.45
92.8
113.1
.456 21.89
.438 21.16
105.4
$23. 20
21.93
20.02
19. 41
26. 95
21.01
25.49
24. 75
22. 27
Washer tenders, cloth, male:
C onnecticut _____ _________
M aine_______________________
Massachusetts........... ................
New Hampshire........................
New Jersey................................
New York..................................
Pennsylvania_____ ____ _____
Rhode Island________________
Vermont____________________
9
16
12
5
5
4
10
10
2
25
41
136
17
37
25
24
66
7
5.4
5.0
5.1
4.9
5.3
4.8
5.2
5.3
5.0
49.4
52.3
50.2
52.6
48.8
50.5
51.7
48.0
48.3
49.1
50.6
45.8
44.6
47.3
47.8
48.0
54.3
50.9
Total______________________
73
378
5.1
50.0
48.5
97.0
.462
23.10
22.37
Dryer tenders, cloth, male:
Connecticut. _______________
Maine_______________________
Massachusetts____ __________
New Hampshire.......................
New Jersey..._____ _________
New Y ork_______ ___________
Pennsylvania________________
Rhode Island________________
Vermont____________________
8
15
12
5
5
4
10
10
2
9
34
76
15
29
22
25
17
3
5.3
5.1
5.2
5.5
5.2
4.5
4.8
5.0
5.0
48.9
52.5
49.7
50.0
48.5
50.1
52.1
48.0
48.0
50.1
49.6
46.5
52.0
49.2
44.4
44.7
48.0
45.7
102.5
94.5
93. 6
104.0
101.4
88.6
85. 8
100.0
95.2
.440
.444
.438
.423
.592
.430
.539
.440
.443
21. 52
23. 31
21. 77
21.15
28. 71
21.54
28.08
21.12
21.26
22.03
22.03
20. 34
21.98
29.12
19.09
24.14
21.12
20. 22
71
230
5.1
50.1
47.5
94.8
.468
23. 45
22.22
Truckers, male:
Connecticut_________________
Maine. _____________________
Massachusetts_____ ___ ____
New Hampshire........................
New Jersey..............................
_______ ________
New York
Pennsylvania________________
Rhode Island________________
Vermont........ ............................
Total______________________ *
9
14
12
5
6
4
14
12
3
66
104
764
43
85
36
40
246
35
5.4
5.1
4. 5
5.1
5.2
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.2
48.4
49.7
48.1
50.8
48.6
50. 7
52.6
48.0
48.1
45. 2
43.9
37.0
45.3
43.3
48.0
52.9
48.0
47.4
93.4
88.3
76.9
89. 2
89.1
94. 7
100. 6
100.0
98. 5
.469
.420
.411
.380
.506
.426
.474
.382
.431
22. 70
20.87
19. 77
19. 30
24. 59
21. <50
24. 93
18.34
20.73
21.16
18.44
15. 20
17. 20
21.88
20. 45
25.10
18. 34
20.43
Total______________________
79
1,419
4.9
48.5
41.4
85.4
.417
20.22
17. 25
Laborers, dye house, male:
Connecticut_________________
M a in e ._______ _____ _______
Massachusetts_______________
New Hampshire..................... .
New Jersey__________________
New York____ ______________
Pennsylvania________________
Rhode Island________________
Vermont___________ ________
9
16
12
5
5
4
8
10
3
91
161
357
40
95
46
33
120
19
5.3
5.0
4.4
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.9
5.0
3.6
49.3
50. 2
48.0
50.9
49.3
50.2
53.0
48.2
48.0
48.6
44.1
38.4
46.7
49. 2
46.0
47.6
50.2
32.4
98.6
87.8
80.0
91. 7
99. 8
91. 6
89.8
104.1
67.5
.457
.449
.459
.418
. 547
.437
.498
.449
.416
22. 53
22. 54
22.03
21.28
26. 97
21. 94
26. 39
21.64
19. 97
22.22
19. 76
17.63
19. 54
26. 94
20.10
23. 72
22. 54
13.46
Total........................................
72
962
4.8
49.1
43.8
89.2
.463
22.73
20. 2
Other employees, male:
Connecticut...............................
M aine.........................................
M assachusetts..____________
New Hampshire.......................
New Jersey__________________
New York___________________
Pennsylvania_______ ____ ___
Rhode Island________________
Verm ont___________________
10
16
13
5
6
4
2-3
12
3
305
582
3,100
374
985
389
690
981
217
5.4
5.2
4.8
5.3
5.2
5. 5
5.3
5.3
5.5
49.2
51.3
48.9
51.6
48.2
51.3
52.6
48. 5
48.0
47.0
47.8
40.4
49.2
45.0
50. 5
49.5
47.6
48.2
95.5
93. 2
82. 6
95.3
93.4
98.4
94.1
98.1
100.4
.493
.491
.485
.416
.567
.481
.582
.478
.491
24. 26
23.15
25.19
23. 49
23. 72
19. 59
21. 47
20. 45
27. 33
25. 51
24. 68
24. 32
30.61 1 28.82
t 22.77
23.18 |
23.57
23. 68
Total...................................... .
92
7,623
5.1
49.5
44.7
90.3
.501
24. 80
22. 45
30
T
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings per pay period, average earnings per hour, and per
cent of full lime worked, 1928, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
O N E -W E E K PAY P E R IO D —Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Aver
Average
age
N um N um num
full
ber of ber of ber of
time
estab
days
em
lish ployees worked hours
per
in pay
ments
pay
period
period
Average
hours
actually
worked
in pay
period
Aver Aver
Per
age
age
Aver
cent
full actual
of full
age
earn time earn
time
earn ings
hours
ings
ings
per
worked per
per
pay
in pay hour
period
pay
period
period
Other employees, female:
Connecticut___________ _____
Maine. _ __________________
M assachusetts._____________
New Hampshire. __ ________
New Jersey__________________
New York__________________
Pennsylvania________________
Rhode Island_______ ____ ___
Vermont
_ ...................... .....
9
14
13
4
5
4
23
12
2
126
171
1,500
153
126
160
691
731
116
5.3
4. 9
4.0
5. 4
4. 9
4.9
4. 6
5. 3
5.4
49. 3
49. 7
48.0
53. 3
48.0
48.3
52.8
48.1
48.0
43. 6
40.1
32.0
47. 6
37.1
35. 8
40.8
44.4
47.5
88.4 $0. 291 $14.35
80. 7
.326 16. 20
66. 7
.355 17.04
89. 3
.306 16. 31
. 452 21. 70
77.3
74.1
.342 16. 52
77.3
. 390 20. 59
92. 3
.350 16. 84
99.0
.299 14. 35
$12.69
13.06
11.37
14. 56
16. 77
12. 24
15.91
15. 52
14. 20
* Total______________________
86
3, 774 |
4.6
49.2
38.2
77.6
.355
17.-47
13. 56
$50. 61
46.12
46.11
46. 49
59. 27
55. 67
51. 27
55. 27
39. 67
T W O -W E E K PAY PERIOD
Weavers, male:
Connecticut. _______________
M a in e ___ _ __________ ____
Massachusetts_______________
New Hampshire......... ............ .
New Jersey ____ _
_______
New York______________ ____
Pennsylvania_______________
Rhode Island _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Verm ont. ________ ________ _
10
531
16
540
12
1,320
5
231
5
356
4 .
211
16
351
12
926
3
175
9.0
8.5
8.4
9.6
9.8
10.9
9.5
9.9
8.3
97.8
99.8
96.4
98.6
98.8
99.6
101.6
96.6
96.0
74.3
70.0
68.2
77.6
86.1
87.5
85.1
83. 2
67.9
76.0 $0.681 $66. 60
70.1
.659 65. 77
70.7
. 676 65.17
.599 59. 06
78.7
87.1
.688 67. 97
87.9
.636 63. 35
.602 61.16
83.8
.664 64.14
86. 1
70.7
.584 56. 06
83
4, 641
9.1
97.8
76.1
77.8
.658
64. 35
50. 07
Weavers, female:
Connecticut_________________
M aine___ ____________ _____
Massachusetts........... ..............
New Hampshire_____________
New Jersey__________________
New Y o r k ______ _____ _____
Pennsylvania....... ....................
Rhode Island_______________
Vermont .................. .......... .
10
16
12
5
5
4
14
10
3
180
359
747
92
354
102
254
267
64
8.5
8.4
8.9
9.0
8.0
11.1
9.1
10.3
9.0
98.6
100.2
96.0
101.8
96.4
98.6
100.6
96.0
96.0
68.9
66.9
72.2
75.2
64.2
94.0
82.6
83.5
70.3
69.9
66.8
75.2
73.9
66.6
95.3
82.1
87.0
73.2
.637
.622
.634
.496
.655
.596
.484
.610
.562
62. 81
62. 32
60. 86
50. 49
63.14
58. 77
48. 69
58. 56
53. 95
43. 90
41.65
45. 77
37. 30
42.11
56. 00
39. 98
50. 92
39. 56
T otal.............. ........................
79
2, 419
8.9
97.6
73.3
75.1
.605
59.05
44. 39
Total___ ____ ______ ______
T
able
Occupation, sex, and State
Number of employees whose earnings per hour were—
N um Num Aver
ber of ber of
age
em
estab
18,
earn
16,
25,
30,
35,
40,
45,
14,
50,
60,
70,
80,
90
20,
ploy ings per under under under under under under under under under under under under under cents, $1.00, $1.10, $1.25
lish
ments
ees
hour
16
18
20
35
40
30
45
50
60
80
70
under under under and
90
25
cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 $1.10 $1.25 over
2
3
4
1
4
5
3
8
56
173
0)
61
37
35
$0. 801
.666
.721
0
.845
.686
.748
392
.728
T otal.......................................
2
27
.565
Card tenders, male:
C onnecticu t..............................
M aine........ ............................
Massachusetts...........................
N ew Hampshire.......................
New Jersey.............................. .
N ew Y o r k . . . .......................... .
Pennsylvania..........................
Rhode Island............................
V erm ont.............. ....................
9
15
9
4
5
3
9
6
2
58
71
148
42
85
28
56
40
22
.425
.426
.420
.406
.567
.426
.464
.413
.463
f
_____ 1_____
T otal............ ..........................
Card tenders, female:
M aine.......................................
Massachusetts. _ .................
New Hampshire.....................
N ew Jersey______________
Pennsylvania............................
62
550
.447
i
36
69
.352
.376
0)
.477
0)
Total .......................................
15
1Data included in total.
7
4
1
2
1
0
0)
0
i
! .
.
7
0)
0
21
0)
136
.383
1
5
1
2
17
40
0
5
0
!
0
0
!
0)
1
1
3
1
27
31
103
28
20
16
19
9
8
15
3
16
4
7
2
10
7
12
24
3
11
2
2
34
101
261
76
46
40
1
48
5
20
5
2
7
5
8
30
22
5
3
7
10
19
22
30
1
3
43
155
0
11
16
27
263
0
3
1
26
1
4
14
6
42
15
6
(,)
21
4
TABLES
22
6
13
0)
4
14
3
0)
T o t a l ............ ........................
W ool sorters, female:
Massachusetts...........................
New Y ork .................................
1
1
2
6
1
7
GENERAL
W ool sorters, male:
Connecticut_________________
M aine.......... ............................
M assachusetts..........................
N ew Hampshire.......................
N ew Jersey........ .......................
Pennsylvania...........................
Rhode Island............................
B «— Average and classified earnings per hour in 13 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State
6
4
18
0
1
I
6
38
49
25
18
CO
T
able
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
48
13
12
76
16
0)
14
0)
50
22
201
150
0)
741
0)
42
56
47
17
0)
25
0)
11
6
4
30
1
58
12
111
463
947
83
148
2
1
4
10
5
1
71
55
13
21
1
7
3
14
26
61
3
.386
1
4
1
4
2
6
6
1
0)
798
0
176
84
341
271
0
0)
. 375
0)
. 384
. 357
. 312
. 360
0)
Total ..................... .......... .......
25
1, 766
.356
Spinners, mule, male:
Connecticut..............................
M aine_______________________
Massachusetts,
___ _______
N ew Hampshire................... .
N ew Jersey___ ______________
New Y ork ______________ _ _
Pennsylvania*.____________ __
Rhode Island________________
V erm ont.____ _____________
9
15
9
5
3
4
8
5
3
157
201
302
85
39
103
109
76
34
. 627
. 668
. 767
. 684
. 793
. 654
. 549
. 758
.658
1
1.
61
1,106
.684
3
1
4
1
4
1
0
483
0)
206
0
0)
. 401
0)
.420
0)
T otal....................................
Spinners, frame, female:
Maine
Massachusetts
N ew Hampshire___ __
New Jersey
_______
N ew Y ork.......... ..... .......... .......
0)
1
1
1 _
0)
I
1
i
1 |
1
i
2
0
0
22
0)
34
0
71
13
34
78
160
45 j
19
0
1 0
93
0)
221
«
'
1
1
........... 1---------I
i
2
i
35
62
52
31
4
39
21
17
28
30
46
123
18
5
18
6
30
4
7
18
95
10
30
7
1
7
15
2
24
1
1
1
250
289
280
192
34
8
15
0)
0
0
0)
1
1
!
18
j
______
1
2
AND
66
1
1
3
2
8
1
1
2
GOODS
2
6
WORSTED
i
|
T ota l. ................................... .
Drawing-frame tenders, female:
Maine ______________ __ _
Massachusetts. .......................
New Hampshire____________
N ew Jersey. _______ _______
N ew Y ork. _______ ________
Pennsylvania_____________
Rhode Island________________
Verm ont_________________
HOURS— WOOLEN
2
1
1
2
Number of employees whose earnings per hour were—
N um A ver
[
ber of
age
30,
45, 1 50,
20,
25,
35,
70,
40,
60,
90
em
80,
18,
earn
16,
14,
$1.25
$1.00,
p loy ings per under under under under under ' under under under under j under under under under ! cents, under $1.10. and
25 | 30
35
45
50
40
70
80
60
16
20
ees
90 ! under $1.10 under over
hour
18
$1.25
cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00
1
I
1
!
47
8
55 $0. 384
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
(0
0
0
|
1
2
2
5
.443
AND
Drawing-frame tenders, male:
Massachusetts. ...... ................
N ew Hampshire.......................
N ew Jersey................................
R hode Island............ ................
to
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
CO
B .— A verage and classified earnings per hour in 18 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State— Continued
271
Pennsylvania_________
R hode Isla n d .................
Vermont ..........................
181
0)
0)
0)
0)
2'
0)
40
(9
73
0)
0)
0)
193
0)
44
173
105
0)
0)
6
0)
0)
0)
" (If
.303
0)
.322
0)
.345
0)
0)
.260
.272
588
.284
103
134
519
72
105
58
179
173
64
.370
.408
.382
.391
.406
.429
.315
.360
.327
0)
62
0)
72
54
0)
0)
10
12
0)
83
29
17~
i
li
0)
216
19
12
20
2
3
1
52
3
23
37
39
38
29
222
4
34
7
35
54
5 i
11
19
78
27
16
17
39
21
11
6
22
66
5
15
68
8
6
21
9
33
32
7
13
10
9
12
20
6
20
28
4
7
18
2
4
2
TABLES
10
15
12
5
6
4
16
11
3
0)
0)
0)
.307
0)
GENERAL
T o t a l............................
Doffers, female:
M aine______ __________
Massachusetts_________
N ew Hampshire............
New Jersey...... ..............
New Y ork ...... .................
Pennsylvania-............... .
Rhode Island____ ______
Verm ont_______________
T otal.............................
Loom fixers, male:
Connecticut___________
M aine_________________
M assachu setts...............
Newr Hampshire ............ .
N ew Jersey...... .............. .
New Y o r k _ ._ ................. .
Pennsylvania__________
Rhode Island...................
Verm ont_______ ______
126
13
.383
T otal_______________
Doffers, male:
M aine_______________
New Jersey.................
New Y ork .......... ............
Pennsylvania................
Rhode Isla n d .................
T otal________________
Spooler-tenders, female:
Connecticut___________
M aine________ _________
Massachusetts_________
New Hampshire_______
N ew Jersey____________
N ew Y ork .......... ............ .
Pennsylvania-...............
R hode Island..................
Verm ont. ........................
«335
.367
0)
19
2
1
82 | 1, 407
45
58
226
36
73
36
63
124
31
.755
.769
.840
.692
.937
.707
.879
.814
.819
1
1
1
14
33
14
2
1
20
6
20
72
13
100
6
12
18
16
4
15
76
’ 33~
2
40
18
7
1
6
5
T otal..............................
1Data included in total.
CO
CO
T
able
T ota l.....................................
83
4, 641
.658
10
16
12
5
5
4
14
10
3
180
359
747
92
354
102
254
267
64
. 637
. 622
. 634
.496
. 655
. 596
.484
.610
.562
79
2, 419
.605
10
13
12
5
5
4
15
12
3
79
84
128
559
193
157
79
191
252
48
1, 691
1
.383
2
2
3
3
12
17
1, 001
1, 288
973
3
31
4
1
8
9
28
11
11
1
20
6
6
11
28
31
9
14
2
34
11
3
15
40
54
9
18
12
28
22
4
36
97
184
25
65
46
62
95
21
40
82
201
15
96
23
42
81
11
44
53
132
10
76
14
14
32
6
31 !
64
100
143
202
591 |
381 I
2
2
15
8
1
3
1
4
5
1
5 1
1
3
268
1
2
8
3
1 I
2
5
145
60
I
1
79
45
158
11
47
6
12
104
10
21 !
1
1
145
90
230
39
106
62
58
221
22
6
i
i
2
144
164
353
70
101
67
113
243
33
1 !
i
1
95
124
279
60
60
45
93
183
62
l
i
2
20
31
62
19
9
20
27
69
11
2
3
21
7
1
!
i
2 1
17
19
33
10
6
6
14
30
10
1
3
7
1
6
2
1!
1
1
. 393
. 337
.386
. 357
.462
.430
.343
.395
.337
1
14 i
6
4
6
17
2
7
3
39
1
13
15
16
48
36
1
8
16
6
146 1
8
10
8
16
57
179
60
4
45
57
17
435
5
12
28
10
2
3
12
16
10 1
1
98
11
113
55
7
30
78
63
10
367
14
14
67
30
50
32
24
62
9
302
7
12
89
7
67
2
8
18
210
631 1
13
16
36
1
23
10
2
31
1
1
133 |
4
2
5
1
9
1
2
24 |
13
16
76
4
16
1
1
35
5
4
22
35
2
7
14
5
1
I
5
1
1
4
1
2
472 |
167
73
30
33
19
14
49
2
46
2
1
10
5
3
16
30
9
8
1
4
3
3
3
20
2
4
1
3
1
1
1
3
2
148 i
74 |
24
1
1
i
...........i ..........................
i
1
!
I...........I
1
1
I
!
1
1
1
...........i........... L ..........
i
I
i
i !
8
4
4
20
1
2
12
GOODS
Total
$0. 681
. 659
.676
. 599
. 688
. 636
. 602
.664
.584
WORSTED
T otal___________ _________
531
540
1, 320
231
356
211
351
926
175
AND
Weavers, female:
Connecticut
Maine
____
Massachusetts
N ew Hampshire
New Jersey
N ew York
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont
10
16
12
5
5
4
16
12
3
HOURS— WOOLEN
N ew York
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Verm ont__________
Number of employees whose earnings per hour were—
N um A ver
age
ber of
60,
70,
80,
90 | $1.00, $1.10, $1.25
45,
50,
35,
40,
25,
30,
16,
18,
20,
em
earn
14,
ploy ings per under under under under under under under under under under under under under cents, under under and
80
90
45
50
60
70
under
18
20
25
30
35 ! 40
16
hour
ees
$1.10 $1.25 over
cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00
AND
Weavers, male:
Connecticut. _ ____
Maine _
- _____________
__________
Massachusetts
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
Burlers, female:
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont
CO
B .— Average and classified earnings per hour in 13 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State— Continued
Menders, female:
Connecticut..................
M aine________________
Massachusetts_______
New Hampshire..........
New Jersey...................
New Y ork ___________
Pennsylvania...... .........
R hode Island................
Verm ont. ............. .........
10
16
12
5
5
4
15
12
124
187
772
71
118
102
200
443
69
.452
.420
.492
.440
.615
.528
.508
.490
.425
Total ...........................
11
54
17
47
13
27
36
64
12
12
’ 194"
1
27
53
44
157
16
14
12
5
6
4
14
12
3
16
12
5
5
104
764
43
85
36
40
246
35
.469
.420
.411
.380
.506
.426
.474
.382
.431
1, 419 |
.417
91
161
357
40
95
46
33
.457
.449
.459
.418
.547
.437
.498
.449
.416
120
19
72
2
4
14
2
26
1
12
14
5
52
1
33
51
4
247
13
311
7
11
30
7
5
95
1
21
51
274
17
18
19
7
92
28
72
19
19
51
5
15
8
14
29
1
161
45
112
10
7.
149
27
"3 1 "
7
82
19
13
147
5
27
6
10
10
257
5
8
28
~19~
3
13
14
90
11
6
78
’ 49’
3
12
5
2
166
1
5
17
45
11
27
~4l"
11
21
3
1
1
3
1
1
TABLES
T o t a l..........................
7
27
7
19
80
155
13
5
6
42
66
3
97
T otal.............. ............
Laborers, dye house, male:
Connecticut__________
M aine________________
Massachusetts_______
N ew Hampshire_____
N ew Jersey__________
N ew Y o r k ...................
Pennsylvania...............
Rhode Island................
Verm ont_____ ________
16
51
113
4
7
3
GENERAL
Truckers, male:
Connecticut__________
M aine______ _________
Massachusetts_______
N ew Hampshire_____
N ew Jersey__________
N ew Y ork ___________
Pennsylvania...... .........
Rhode Island________
Verm ont________ _____
17
12
21
61
CO
cj*
36
T
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
able
C .— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 13 specified occupa
tions, 1928, by sex and State
Occupation, sex, and State
Wool sorters, male:
W ool sorters, female:
Card tenders, male:
New Hampshire_______________
New Jersey_____ ______________
New Y o r k _____ _____________
Pennsylvania__________________
Rhode Island
____________
Verm ont______________________
N um N um
ber of ber of
estab
em
lish ployees
ments
2
3
4
1
4
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week
Number of employees whose full-time hours
per week were—
Un
der
48
Over
48,
un
der
54
48
2
3
8
56
173
0)
61
37
35
52. 5
54.0
48.0
0)
48.0
54.0
48.0
22
392
49.9
271
0)
0)
0)
1
1
0)
0)
37
35
(])
48.3
21
6
9
15
9
4
5
3
9
6
2
58
71
148
42
85
28
56
40
22
49.7
50. 2
50. 6
52.5
48.0
52.4
53.2
48.9
48.0
40
44
115
27
85
6
9
3
376
50.3
7
4
1
2
1
36
69
0)
21
0)
47.8
48.0
0)
48.0
0)
6
23
69
0)
21
Total. ___________ _________
15
136
48.1
6
119
Drawing-frame tenders, male:
Massachusetts_________________
New Hampshire...........................
New J e rs e y .__________________
Rhode Island__________ ____ __
2
1
1
2
55
5
48.0
0)
0)
48.0
____________________
6
66
48.2
1
4
1
4
2
6
6
1
0)
798
0)
176
84
341
271
0)
0)
48.0
(0
48.0
48.0
53.7
48.4
0)
T o t a l.........................................
25
1,766
49.4
Spinners, mule, male:
Connecticut............... ...................
M aine............................................
Massachusetts_________________
New Hampshire..........................
New Jersey.________ __________
New Y o r k .....................................
Pennsylvania..............................
Rhode Isla n d ..............................
V erm ont-.....................................
9
15
9
5
3
4
8
5
3
157
201
302
85
39
103
109
76
34
49.3
49.1
48.6
50.3
48.0
50.9
53.6
48.0
48.0
Total— ......................................
61
1,106 1 49.5
-I-—
5
18
4
6
4
2
15
3
2
20
33
8
37
22
550
Drawing frame tenders, female:
Maine _ _ _____ ____ ________
M assachusetts............. ................
New Hampshire......... .................
New J ersey.................. ...............
New Y ork......................................
Pennsylvania...............................
Rhode Isla n d ...............................
Vermont .........................................
1
121
27
62
1Data included in total.
0)
61
__________________
Total.
6
56
2
0)
C1)
Over
60
60
173
Card tenders, female:
_______________
Maine
Massachusetts_________________
New Hampshire_______________
New Jersey_____________ ______
Pennsylvania__________________
Total
Over 57,
54, un
un der
der
60
57
54
29
3
7
3
29
79
4
16
39
7
7
0)
|
11
55
0)
0)
5
64
0)
798
0)
176
84
29
52
312
1, 292
81
393
115
151
279
67
39
50
21
16
33
219
0)
7
|
2
5
10
15
8
4
14
4
24
49
64
21
49
166
46
76
34
7
811
8
19
_____ _
37
GENERAL TABLES
T
able
C .— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 13 specified occupa
tions, 1928, by sex and State— Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
N um N um
ber of
of
estab ber
em
lish
ments ployees
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
w^ek
Spinners, frame, female:
M aine........... .............................
Massachusetts......... .....................
New Hampshire...........................
New Jersey.. ...............................
New Y o r k - _________ _______ __
Pennsylvania......... ..................... .
Rhode Island...............................
Vermont .....................................
1
4
1
4
1
5
5
1
0)
483
0)
206
0)
271
181
0
0
48.0
0
48.0
0
53. 5
48.2
0)
1,281
49.7
0)
0
0
0
0)
0)
52.7
0
Number of employees whose full-time hours
per week were—
U n
der
48
48
2C6
0
166
0)
892
Total...........................................
22
1
1
1
5
1
T o t a l....................... .................
9
73
50.3
Doffers, female:
................................
Maine .
M assachusetts.-_______ ______
New Hampshire.-............. .........
New Jersey__________ _________
New York....... ........... ...............
Pennsylvania..... ..........................
Rhode Isla n d .................. ...........
Verm ont________ ______ _____ _
1
4
1
2
1
5
5
1
0)
193
0
44
0)
173
105
0
0
48.0
0)
48.0
0)
53. 6
48.3
0
44
0)
27
32
15
239
47
342 1
0)
0
11
18
0
!
20 !
0
18
15
155
T otal..........................................
20
588
50.3
343
33
212
10
15
12
5
6
4
16
11
3
103
134
519
72
105
58
179
173
64
48.9
49. 7
48.0
51. 9
48.4
48.4
52. 2
48.0
48.0
81
95
519
25
97
42
45
173
64
11
11
39
8
16
17
117
Total........................... .
82
1,407
49.0
1,141
52
214
10
16
12
5
5
4
16
12
3
45
58
226
36
73
36
63
124
31
49.1
50. 5
48. 2
50. 5
48.9
50. 4
50. 6
48. 5
48.0
4
7
17
3
14
5
34
35
221
21
64
19
27
117
25
83
692
49.0
5
563
29
74
13
Weavers, male:
C onnecticu t.._______ _________
M a in e ............ ............ .................
Massachusetts
New H am pshire._________ .
New Jersey..
___________
New Y o r k . . . ...............................
Pennsylvania....... .......................
Rhode Island_________________
Vermont __ _
10
16
12
5
5
4
16
12
3
531
540
1, 320
231
356
211
351
926
175
48.9
49.9
48.2
49.3
49.4
49.8
50.8
48.3
48.0
416
381
1, 289
194
285
130
169
892
144
26
50
65
104
13
27
55
Total..........................................
83
4, 641
48.9
26 3,900
Total............. ..........................
1Data included in total.
2
0
193
Spooler tenders, female:
Connecticut_____________ _____
Maine - __ ________________
M assachu setts--.___ _____
New Hampshire......................
New Jersey.. _________ ______
New Y ork_______________
Pennsylvania_____________
Rhode Island___________ ____
Vermont...............................
Loom fixers, male:
C o n n e c ticu t..............
M aine.- .. ...................
Massachusetts......................
New Hampshire................
New Jersey.............................. .
New York....... ............................
Pennsylvania..................... .
Rhode Island....... ...................
Verm ont........................................
60 Over
60
l
i
!
0)
9
90
0
57,
un
der
60
0
0)
40
Over
54, i
un
der
57
54
0
483
Doffers, male:
Maine________ _______
______
New Jersev__ ...................... ........
New York ...................................
Pennsylvania
...............................
Rhode Island___..........................
0
Over
48,
un
der
54
47
5
4
15
6
2
1
4
13
20
1
1
6
1
35
27
53
5
7
4
170
11
6
36
54
118
11
3
31
5
3
|
381 | 90.
!
47
10
17
38
T
W AGES AND HOURS— WOOLEN AND WORSTED GOODS
able
C .— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 13 specified occupa
tions, 1928, by sex and State— Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Weavers, female:
Connecticut________________ __
Maine
_ ____________________
M assachusetts._______________
New H am pshire........................
New Jersey
- ________
New York _ _______________ _
Pennsylvania______________
Rhode Isla n d ___________ ____
Verm ont___ ________________ _
N um
ber of N um
ber of
estab
em
lish
ployees
ments
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
wreek
10
16
12
5
5
4
14
10
3
180
359
747
92
354
102
254
267
64
___________________ _
79
2,419
Burlers, female:
Connecticut_______ _______
Maine _ - _ __________________
Massachusetts . _______ _____
New Hampshire...........................
New Jersey. _ __________ _____
New York . .. ________________
Pennsylvania____ ____ ________
Rhode I s la n d .._____________ _
Vermont_____ ______________ _
10
13
12
5
5
4
15
12
3
84
128
559
193
157
79
191
252
48
49.1
51. 2
48.0
53.4
48.9
48.3
50.7
48.0
48.0
79 | 1,691
49.3
10
16
12
5
5
4
15
12
3
124
187
772
71
118
102
200
443
69
49.4
49.1
48. 0
49.9
49.0
48.1
50. 5
48.0
48.0
82
2, 086 !
Total.
T o t a l-......................................
Menders, female:
Connecticut.................. ...............
Maine. __
____________ _ __
Massachusetts_________________
New Hampshire..........................
New Jersey___________ _______
New York _______ ___________
Pennsylvania__________________
Rhode Island________________ _
Verm ont______________________
T otal.____ __________________
48
1,938
48.8 |
1,254
1
!
79
1,419 !
48.5 |
9
16
12
5
5
4
8
10
3
91
161
357
40
95
46
33
120
19
72
962 1
T o ta l--............ .........................
Laborers, dyehouse, male:
Connecticut. . . .........................
M aine__ . . _______________
Massachusetts________________
New Hampshire______________
New Jersey ._ ........... ................
New York .. ........... ............. .
Pennsylvania ..............................
Rhode Isla n d ................ .............
Verm ont______________________
j
!
!
49.3
50.2
48.0
50.9
49.3
50. 2
53.0
48.2
48.0
1
49. 1
(Over
54, 57,
un un
der der
60
57
60 '3ver
60
219
!
262 !
127
1
310
90
9
25
154
33
772
49
22
95
23 i
93
9
89
46
65
443
69 ____ i____
1,854
66
104
764
43
85
36
40
246
35
54
13
65
6
59
69
559 ____ j
20
173
123
34
65
14 !
63
73 I 55
!
252
1
48
1
I
i
(Dver
48,
un
der
54
115
40
25
235
124
747
i 45
47 I
340 ! 14 1
83
19
104
82
68
267
1
64
49.3
50.1
48. 0
50. 9
48. 2
49.3
50.3
48.0
48.0
1
48.4 i.
49.7
48.1
50.8
48. 6
50. 7
52. 6
48.0
48.1
9
14
12
5
6
4
14
12
3
Un
der
48
48.5
Truckers, male:
Connecticut___________________
M a i n e ._____ ________________
Massachusetts
New Hampshire_______________
New Jersey.. . _______________
N ew York . . . ______ _________
Pennsylvania ________ ________
Rhode Island............ ......... ........
Verm ont_____ ____ ___________
Total_______________________
Number of employees whose full-time hours
per week were—
!
3
1
i
87 j 145
52
14
68
753
25
75 ” io"
18
3
5
7
246
33
2
32
l
16
l
36
91
2
66
102
352
21
85
25
9
16
54
5
784
8
1
15
28
4 1,275
114
19
1
2
2
8 !
1
5
19
2
6
13
3
44
j
15
11
3
6
3
118
11
3
2
T a b l e D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in one pay period in 13 specified occupations, 1928r by sex and State
O N E -W E E K P A Y
Occupation, sex, and State
T o t a l-................... ....................
2
3
4
8
56
173
1
4
5!
3
22
0)
Aver
age
hours
actu
4,
ally Un un
worked der der
4
in pay
8
period
45.1
41.3
19.8
0)
61
37
35
29.0
36.7
44.8 1
1
392
30.3
1
1
0)
0)
2
2
1
3
2
16,
un
der
20
20,
un
der
24
24,
un
der
28
28,
un
der
32
1
20
1
12
17 111
0)
0)
0)
24.0
Card tenders, male:
Connecticut...................................
Maine ______________ ______
Massachusetts. _ ..........................
N ew Hampshire........................
New Jersey....................................
N ew Y o rk .................................. .
Pennsylvania...............................
Rhode Island............ ....................
Verm ont........................................
9
15
9
4
5
3
9
6
2
58
71
148
42
85
28
56
40
22
44. 5
45.8
40.8
45.1
40.3
51.2
46.7
47.4
45.5
T otal...........................................
62
550
43.9
1
12,
un
der
16
7
15
1
5
1
21
1
4
2
2
3
1
3
22
1
43
1
....
1
1
8
1
1
1
....
2
11
21
19
21
21
"B "
26
9
3
10
1
3
9
20
14 i
3
8
3
15
1
29
<>)
2
5
18
19
17
9
24
' " 5" 2
1
. . . . ~~6_
5
16
13 100
3
2
3
1
1
56,
un
der
58
Over 65, 70,
58,
60, un un 80
un 60 un
der
der and
der der
over
60
65 70 80
5
0)
3 1
1
Over
54,
un
der
56
0)
3
13
20
3
20
|
36
i
1
2
1
25
1
54
1
—
1
6
8
5
1
2
6
9
2
J . .
5
3
4
6
2
52,
un
der
54
8
1
18 15
3
1
1
1 ~~2~ 15
Over 50,
44,
un 48 48, un
un der
der
der
52
48
50
19
1
20 1
1
40,
un
der
44
41
0) ;
«
1
1
1
36,
un
der
40
"~2
25
42
20 133
32,
un
der
36
1
27
1 Data included in total.
8,
un
der
12
1
2
T o t a l........................................
Number of employees whose hours actually worked in pay period were—
5
1
TABLES
W ool sorters, female:
Massachusetts _________ ____ _
New Y o r k ,..................................
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees
0)
!
4
1
3
2
1
1
1
5
1
2
5
3
2
6
3
10
9
22
3
3
1
1
15
18
58
6
3
11
1
11
22
48
GENERAL
W ool sorters, male:
C onnecticut... _______________
Maine_ __________ ____________
Massachusetts_____ __________
New Hampshire..........................
N ew J e r s e y :...............................
Pennsylvania.......................... .
Rhode Island................................
N um
ber
of
estab
lish
ments
P E R IO D
2
1
1
3
5
14
1
12
1
1
1
19
23
4
14
3
" I"
1
1
3
17
2
1
2
1
1
2
8
2
21
8
10
24
T a b le D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in one pay period in IS specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State— Continued
O N E -W E E K P A Y P E R IO D — Continued
36
69
0)
21
0
45. 8
0
15
136
36.3
New Hampshire
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
T otal___________________ ____
Drawing-frame tenders, male:
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
New- Jersey
Rhode island
2
1
1
2
55
0)
0)
5
1
4
1
4
2
6
6
1
176
84
341
271
0)
T otal.................................... ....... !
25
1, 766
Spinners, mule, male:
Connecticut
A/ToinA
1VTQQQApVmQptt.Q
"\Totx7 TTomrwh ira
XTc*xx7 TAr?pv
XTOYX7 Vriflr
Pennsylvania................................
9
15
9
5
3
4
8 i
0
798
0
157
201
302
85
39
103
109
1
12
1
2
0
2
0
2
31.1
0
0
30.8
1
1
13
2
1
32.1
0)
29. 0
0)
39. 6
45. 6
44.0
44.7
0)
24,
un
der
28
2
CO i ^
16
29
16
(i)
1
16
18
9
5
36,
un
der
40
1
8
4
2
s
37.2 — 1
1 05
69
13
2
4
1
3
3
1
4
3
3
9
9
3
1
10
6
5
3
2
3
2
2
2
66 J 89 191 212 262
5
7
2
3
8
1
16
14
55
9
12
1
14
1
30
54
56, 58,
un un60
der 1der
58 60
4
7
1
4
7
1
Over
60,
un
der
65
65,
un
der
70
70, 80
un and
der over
80
13 j 1 !— 0
1
. — 1........
1
1
1
2
1
1
5
j~40~
m"
v/ r § r
I" j 69
15 1 l
7 133
1W
74
18
9
34
33
16
26
23
11
4
26
2
4
2
7
11
14
24
3
20
27
1
28
7
Over
54,
un
der
56
0
0
78
5
9
52,
un
der
54
16
12
0
5
18
48
6
6
" 4" 2
2
4
13
12
32
6
5
Over 50,
44,
48, un
un
un
der 48 der der
52
48
50
11
~3~
0) 0
1
4
0
1
6
40,
un
der
44
0 i
! 0)
(■) 0)
44 j 73 180 158 156 1 51 ’ 30"
im
I1
')
\
9 I c
4" V3 26
5 41
3
3
2
2
2
3
A 93 10
5
11
7
9
1 |""8_ 2
5
5
0) 0
1
1
3
l
39.1
4
37. 5
38.6
36.9 " T
38. 5
3
43.6
49.6
2
1
0
1
2
32,
un
der
36
’ 29"
4 ! 9
1
28,
un
der
32
_
0
1
1
|
1
i
0)
0
____ 1____
0
1
1
50
15
27
34
6
30
108
2
1
95
61
38
147
3
2
5
4
2
1
14
6
1
3
1
5
20
1
25
11
30
43
3
14
11
i .
1
1
___ !____
.. 1
1
5
1
10
28
2
19
4
GOODS
Drawing-frame tenders, female:
Maine
1
Massachusetts
)
New Hamoshire
!
New Jersey
N ew York
Pennsylvania-_________________ 1
Rhode Island............................... !
!
Vermont
20,
un
der
24
WORSTED
6
9
41. 7
30. 7
16,
un
der
20
AND
66
T otal________________________ !
12,
un
der
16
PIOURS— WOOLEN
7
4
1
2
1
Card tenders, female:
Number of employees whose hours actually worked in pay period were—
AND
N um
ber
of
em
ploy
ees
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
A ver
age
hours
actu
4, 8,
ally Un
un
worked der un der
der
in pay 4
12
8
period
N um
ber
of
estab
lish
ments
39.3
43.1
Rhode Island______
Verm ont___________
Totals_____ ______
104
Spinners, frame, female:
M aine_____________
Massachusetts_____
New Hampshire___
New Jersey.............. .
New Y ork ............ .
Pennsylvania.......... .
Rhode Island.......... .
Verm ont................... .
0)
483
0)
206
0)
Total.......................
0)
271
181
39.8
44.9
(*)
1, 281
37.9
0)
0)
0)
T otal.......................
27
73
47.8
0
193
0)
44
0)
173
105
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
1,407
35.6
0)
17
3
14
35
0)
1
(0
35
0)
w
59
14
1
0)
41.9
37.6
26.1
43.1
40.8
31.3
45.4
39.2
47.4
18 231
42.1
44.6
103
134
519
72
105
58
179
173
64
1 Data included in total.
0)
50 120 128 160 107 164
0)
588
82
83
31.8
0)
29.0
T otal.......................
0)
~ W
0)
Spooler tenders, female:
Connecticut..............
M aine_____________
Massachusetts..........
N ew Hampshire___
N ew J e rs e y ..______
N ew Y ork.................
Pennsylvania............
Rhode Island............
Verm ont.......... ..........
Total________. ___
0)
0)
23
TABLES
Doffers, female:
M aine_____________
Massachusetts_____
N ew Hampshire___
New Jersey________
New Y ork ........ ........
Pennsylvania______
Rhode Island.......... .
V erm ont.................. .
0)
(I )'
0)
0)
C
1)
50.9
0)
0)
0)
19
GENERAL
Doffers, male:
M aine....................... .
N ew Jersey.............. .
N ew Y ork .................
Pennsylvania......... .
Rhode Island.......... .
0)
31.9
0)
38.8
0)
3?
1
92
7
27
2
....
6
24
’ 25"
23
61
51 162 164
81 110
52 100
48 173
22
54
149
T
able
B . — Average and classified hours actually worked in one pay period in 18 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State— Continued
O N E -W E E K P A Y P E R IO D —Continued
45
58
226
36
73
36
63
124
31
46.1
47.1
41. 7
49.1
48.4
47. 7
47.8
46.9
43.7
83
692
45.4
16,
un
der
20
20,
un
der
24
Loom-fixers, male:
Maine
- ________
M assachusetts
N ew Hampshire . .
N ew Jersey
N ew York
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont
Total
___
1
1
2
7
1
1
1
11
9
5
2
2
4
1
62
2
3
1
3
17
34
1
5
14
14
72
8
5
1
5
2
2
3
4
6
2
9
15
4
29
1
36,
un
der
40
40,
un
der
44
5
2
3
4
7
72
2
7
1
Over 50,
44,
48, un
un 48 un
der
der
der
52
48
50
23
12
58
7
59
2
1 16
7
18
14 ” 4" 71
5
11
5
1
2
3
1
4
2
1
4
3
52,
un
der
54
54
5
2
7
9
3
9
14
2
6
2
25
21
Over 65, 70,
58,
60, un un 80
un 60 un
der and
der
der der
over
60
65 70 80
1
" 2"
"T
4
2
'~3~
1
” 4
12
10
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
2
50
6
12
7
5
11
1
2
1
22
9
9 44
22
2 27
41 123 67
6
20 49
1
47
7
4
8 15
9
17 13
21 23 146
1 27
7
1
7
1
15
22
5
9
7
8
5
2
43
7
6
56
8
15
73 162 116 188 235 342
44
65
23
3
3
25
16
12
16
10
2
13
2
1
7
1
6
3
25
4
20
21 109
56,
un
der
58
3
6
3
11
3
1
16 275
78
Over
54,
un
der
56
1
i
10
13
12
5
5
4
15
12
3
84
128
559
193
157
79
191
252
48
79
1,691
39.0
10
16
12
5
5
4
15
124
187
772
71
118
102
200
44.3
42.3
34.7
43.7
44.3
31.9
39.0
42.0
1
37.2
35.3
46.3
37.3
36.6 " 6_
2
39.4
42. C
41.1
4
1
1
1
2
1
4
11
3
2
1
. ...
4
6
8
6~
9
10
25
1
....
1
2
2
1
1
12
2
3
4
1
1
3
2
29
1
1
5
4 ~~2
88 51
4
4
40 17
11
5
8 20
2 15
2
24
78
88 123
1
2
11
2
1
4
12
1
12
2
3
4
1 12
4
13" 14
27 90 178 183 61
1
1
2
3
ii’ 8
2
5 30 16
2
16 10 18 17 10
5
4
12
6
46
4
12
14
24
21 28
5 70
32 126
1 28
6 64
6
9
6 29
1
1
86
GOODS
Menders, female:
Connecticut
Maine
assachusetts
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania.......... ................... .
9
4
1
3 "~2" 63
1
1
1
4
1
6
1
32,
un
der
36
WORSTED
Total
1
1
1
28,
un
der
32
AND
Burlers, female:
Connecticut
Maine
M! assachusetts
N ew Hampshire
N ew Jersey
N ew York
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont
1
1
24,
un
der
28
HOURS— WOOLEN
10
16
12
5
5
4
16
12
3
Number of employees whose hours actually worked in pay period were-
AND
N um
ber
of
em
ploy
ees
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
A ver
age
hours
actu
4, 8, 12,
Un un un
ally
un
worked der der der der
4
in pay
8 12 16
period
N um
ber
of
estab
lish
ments
16
R hode Island..............
V erm ont......................
443
69
42.0 l__
47.0 L .
39.0
104
764
43
85
36
40
246
35
45.2
43.9
37.0
45.3
43.3
48.0
52.9
48.0
47.4
T otal.........................
1,419
41.4
91
161
357
40
95
46
33
48.6
44.1
38.4
46.7
49.2
46.0
47.6
50.2
32.4
Laborers, dyehouse, male:
Connecticut_________
M aine______________
Massachusetts______
N ew H ampshire____
N ew Jersey____ _____
N ew Y ork ........ ..........
Pennsylvania..............
R hode Island..............
V erm ont.....................
T otal______________
120
19
72
962
43.8 -----
53
....
3 101
7
32
3
56 176
8
5
141 535
139
20 | 74
77 199
3 ! 2
15 24
47
1
35
1! 2
17
5
3
....
10
1
U
13
37
28
27
95 1107
62
62
45
77
42
84
20
48
37
21
10
TABLES
2,086
1
GENERAL
T otal.........................
Truckers, male:
Connecticut................
M aine_______________
M assachusetts...........
N ew Hampshire____
N ew J e rs e y ...............
N ew Y o r k ____ ______
P en n sylvan ia............
Rhode Island..............
Verm ont......................
4
CO
T able
D.— Average and classified hours actually worked in one pay period in 13 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State— Continued
T W O -W E E K P A Y PERIOD
77.6
86.1
87.5
85.1
83.2
67.9
Total................
4,641
76.1
180
359
747
92
354
254
267
64
68.9
66.9
72.2
75.2
64.2
94.0
82.6
83.5
70.3
2,419
73.3
216 191 336
397 281 168 384 344 155
922
Over
108,
un
der
110
Over
110,
un
der
115
115,
un
der
120
120
Over
120, Over
un 130
der
130
140
13
74
183 246 110 246 142
132 238
138
GOODS
79
68.2
118
108
WORSTED
Total ..............
102
35
74.3
70.0
104,
un
der
108
AND
Weavers, female:
Connecticut........
M aine........... ......
Massachusetts...
New Hampshire.
New Jersey_____
New Y ork...........
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island___
V erm ont..............
100
100,
un
der
104
HOURS— WOOLEN
531
540
1, 320
231
356
211
351
926
175
Over
96,
un
der
92,
un
der
40,
un
der
48
AND
Weavers, male:
Connecticut........
M aine..................
Massachusetts...
New Hampshire.
New Jersey.........
New Y o r k ..........
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island___
V erm ont..........
16, 24, I 32,
un- un un-j un
der der der der
16 24 32 40
WAGES
Number of employees whose hours actually worked in pay period were—
N um N um Average
hours
ber of ber of
worked
Occupation, sex, and State estab
em
in
lish ployees
pay
ments
period
T
able
E *— Average and classified actual earnings in one 'pay period in 13 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State
O N E -W E E K P A Y P E R IO D
Occupation, sex, and State
1 Data included in total.
61
37
35
24. 55
25.22
33. 53
22
392
22.06
0)
0)
62
0)
13. 55
58
71
148
42
85
28
56
40
22
18.92
19. 50
17.13
18.31
22.82
21. 81
21. 67
19.56
21.04
550
19. 63
0)
0)
2
....
14.69
11.53
0)
0)
21
0)
21.87
136
13.91
$22,
$24,
$28,
$30,
$32,
un
der
$34,
un
der
un
der
un
der
$36,
$38,
$44,
un
der
$40,
$42,
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
$24
un
der
un
der
un
der
$26
$28
$30
$32
$34
$36
$38
$40
$42
$44
$46
0)
0)
0)
0)
12
5
49
0)
0
27
$12, $14, $16, $18j $20,
un- un- un un un
d e r d e r 'd e r d e r der
$14 $16 $18 $20 $22
0)
0)
O i 0) I0)
2I 2I 1
0)
44
71
16
0)
0)
29
23
14
13
15
0)
1
1
1
$46,
un $50
der and
over
TABLES
T ota l................
$36.15
27.51
14.28
0)
Total____ ____
Card tenders, male:
Connecticut____
M aine__________
Massachusetts...
New Hampshire.
New Jersey_____
N ew Y ork______
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island___
Vermont ..............
T o t a l ............
Card tenders, female:
M aine__________
Massachusetts.. _
N ew Hampshire.
N ew Jersey_____
Pennsylvania___
56
173
$6,
$10 ,
un un un
d er der d e r
$10 $12
GENEKAL
W ool sorters, male:
Connecticut........
M aine__________
M assachusetts. _.
N ew Hampshire.
N ew Jersey_____
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island___
T otal_________
W ool sorters, female:
Massachusetts __.
N ew York______
Number of employees whose actual earnings in pay period were—
Aver
N um N um age ac
ber of ber of
tual
estab em
earn
lish ploy- ings in Un
der
ments
pay
period $4
41
30
T
able
E .— Average and classified actual earnings in one pay period in 13 specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State— C o n tin u e d
O N E -W E E K PAY P E R IO D — Continued
Rhode Island
Total
Total
1
6
66
12. 39
2
1
4
1
4
2
g
1
0)
798
0)
176
84
341
271
0)
0)
10. 89
0)
15. 20
16. 27
13.71
16. 11
(0
25
1, 766
13. 24
67
9
15
9
5
3
4
8
5
3
157
201
302
85
39
103
109
76
34
24. 52
25. 01
29. 64
25. 25
30. 50
28. 51
27. 20
29. 76
28.35
2
7
1
2
3
3
2
5
3
5
1
1
61
1,106
27. 39
18
13
12. 81
2
6
q
1
4
1
4
1
0 )
483
0 )
206
0 )
0 )
16 33
0 )
0)
57
1
2
7
0 )
8
0)
2
12
2
5
0 ) si 0 ) 0)
238 147 54
0) 0 ) 0)
8 84
5
5 22
2
88 35 100
5 24 121
0) 0)
0)
46
0)
45
46
49
19
0)
0)
17
0)
6
6
34
7
21 112 172 340 226 408 235
11
4
0
3
3
3
2
0 )
2
13
0) 0)
77 149
0)
8
8
2
7"
16
6
8
2
3
4
12
61
58
0 )
0 )
6
0 )
1
20
9
2 12
9
7
6
4
4 1 4
8
10
4
6
4
" 2"
"~4~ij. . . .
1
19
1
24
2
2
27
(0
1
3
30
78
0)
0 )
i 0 )
0 )
I 0 )
3
30
7
12
3
3
8
2
1
5
41
5
46
$36,
un
der
$38
$38,
un
der
$40
$40,
un
der
$42
$42,
un
der
$44
4
6
11
1
4
7
7
8
4
2
11
2
5
5
8
1
44
21
$44, $46,
un un $50
der der and
$46 $50 over
2
0)
0)
12
1
1
!
1
0)
42
5
84
48
47
6
6
4
19
5
6
14
29
7
14
20
16
6
2
1
1
19
16
22
3
4
4
13
2
4
32
13
17
6
1
4
10
13
20
3
1
6
7
1
1
6
28
2
12
29
8
4
62
87
104
109
0
... .
40
(0
0 )
0 )
0 )
0 )
31
0)
6
21
0 )
76 I17" 24
(0
$32, $34,
un un
der der
$34 $36
2
12
0)
1
2
18
0)
$30,
un
der
$32
53
56
60
0 )
6
2
4
18
0 )
0 )
____
6
17
28
1
8
20
3
15
34
1
3
18
12
13
9
5
105
88
2
13
20
12
4
8
13
5
77
8
5
10
1
2
5
4
11
1
1
44
24
9
0 )
0)
0 )
0 )
0 )
0 )
9
3
3
22
2
6
1
3
1
1
13
29
9
GOODS
Total.......................................
Spinners, frame, female:
Maine
Massachusetts
N ew Hampshire
New Jersey
New Y ork----------------------------
$11.93
0)
0)
13. 61
$28,
un
der
$30
$26,
un
der
$28
WORSTED
Spinners, mule, male:
Connecticut- _ _
Maine
___
Massachusetts_______ _______
N ew Hampshire
N ew Jersey.. _
N ew Y ork __ ______
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont .
?
55
0)
0)
5
$20, $22, $24,
un un un
der der der
$22 $24 $26
AND
Drawing-frame tenders, female:
Maine
Massachusetts
N ew Hampshire
N ew Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont .
1
1
1
2
$18,
un
der
$20
HOURS— WOOLEN
N ew Hampshire.
$6, $8, $10, $12, $14, $16,
un un un un un un
der der der d er der der
$8 $10 $12 $14 $16 $18
AND
Drawing-frame tenders, male:
Number of employees whose actual earnings in pay period were—
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
Aver
N um N um age ac
ber
of
tual
ber of
earn Un $4,
estab em
lish ploy ings in der un
der
ees
ments
pay
$4 $6
period
Pennsylvania...........
R hode Island...........
Verm ont__________
5
5
1
271
181
0
13. 32
16. 50
0
T otal......................
DofFers, male:
M aine........................
New Jersey...............
N ew Y o r k ................
Pennsylvania...........
Rhode Island______
22
1, 281
14. 50
Total...........
Doffers, female:
M aine...... ..................
Massachusetts.........
New Hampshire___
New Jersey. _ .........
N ew Y o rk ................
Pennsylvania...........
Rhode Island...........
Verm ont__________
9
Total......................
Spooler tenders, female:
Connecticut_______
M aine______ ______
Massachusetts_____
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Jersey...............
N ew Y o r k _________
Pennsylvania...........
R hode Island...........
Verm ont...................
1
1
1
5
1
1
4
1
2
1
5
5
1
0
0
0
Q
8
1
?
17
20
1
13
g
23
2
2
82 112 123 188 266 176 175
47
54
12
3
0)
0)
0)
27
0
15.62
73
14. 48
0
36
3
92
6
0
0
5
0)
0)
0)
1 98
3
4
0
?
20
588
11.00
10
37
10
15
12
5
6
4
16
11
3
103
134
519
72
105
58
179
173
64
1
2
15.51
4
15. 34 10
9. 97 35 43
2
6
16. 85
1
16. 57
13.45 ~ 8~ 1
5 10
14. 31
5
14.13 11
1
15. 50
1
Total......................
L oom fixers, male:
Connecticut........ .
M a in e.. . . ____ ____
Massachusetts.........
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Jersey...............
N ew Y o r k ..............
Pennsylvania...........
Rhode Island...........
Verm ont__________
82
1, 407
10
16
12
5
5
4
16
12
3
45
58
226
36
73
36
63
124
31
34. 76
36.18
35.02
34.02
45. 37
33.69
41.99
38.19
35.82
Total............... ......
83
692
37.31
10.25
13.19
1
73
0
5
31
63
0)
0
1
9
1
6
3
0
(0
9
27
11
11
7
3
50
0
1
0)
0
16
0
8
4
1
10
3
2
8
5
70
1
?6
0
8
0
13
54
0
0
39
0
14
3
13
8
3
1
2
1
49 i127 115 169
47
25
7
2
3
11
30
5
18
2
42
43
4
14
17
46
2
25
6
20
13
12
8
28
20
7
9
5
32
11
24
16
25
6
17
4
6
10
15
21
6
10
23
5
7
7
8
1
3
2
2
5
2
3
6
6
2
3
10
1
2
1
95
42
24
10
2
1
1
0
90
0)
6
5
4
3
74 156
6
’ 2 1
4
7
7
3
12 13
3
2
29
11
90
1
2
7
20
16
4
0)
65
22
0
0)
28
5
20
10
11
73 112 196 180 158 155 144 136
1 ....
1
4
2
1
1
3
2
2
6
4
5
3
1
2
3
8
6
5
20
2
1
1
2
4
3
42
1
2
6
22
4
7
6
18
14
8
37
6
5
9
8
18
1
4
2
13
33
72
84
48
1
1
4
1
1
4
15
1
23
1
18
26
74
1
8
2
1
3
2
1
11
1
1
1
5
1
10
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
7
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
2
4
1
1
22
47
0
2
0
10.00
0
10. 97
12.10
0
39
4
0)
19
9
0
0
193
0
44
0
173
105
0
*Data included in total.
ft
6
6
3
9
1
2
8
54
2
10
2
2
3
17
31
17
39
7
5
13
8
10
2
1
10
2
3
6
5
84
100
37
49
21
3
3
2
1
4
T able
E .— Average and classified actual earnings in one pay period in IS specified occupations, 1928, by sex and State— Continued
O N E -W E E K PA Y P E R IO D — Continued
N u m ber of em ployees w hose actual earnings in p a y p eriod w ere—
10
N e w Jersey______________ ____
N e w Y o r k _____ ______________
P en n sy lv a n ia------------------------V e r m o n t_______________ ______
T o t a l . . . . ...................................
5
K
O
A
‘x
1
10
19
X
.6
3
79
84
193
157
79
1Q1
lyi.
9<i9
48
1,691
124
187
772
71
118
102
200
443
69
T o t a l...........................................
82
2,086
T o t a l.............— _____ ________
9
14
12
5
«o
4
14
12
3
79
66
104
764
43
85
36
40
246
35
1,419
16. 52
17 25
15! 70 ~~8~
10. ou 16 16
g
7
16 81
8
3
13! 84
14. 91 i 61
...
20.05
17. 77
17.07
19. 23
27. 24
16. 82
19. 84
20. 57
19! 95
1
5
7
4
M 4"
1 4
1 9
1
19.05 j 44
21.16
18.44
15.20
17.20
21.88
20! 45
25.10
18. 34
20.43
17.25
1
15
1
1
18
$14,
un
der
$16
$16,
un
der
$18
$18,
un
der
$20
4
10
71
5
5
90
5
2
3
33
69
11
8
3
9
8
2
16
20
26
16
13
24
10
24
4
10
26
£7
42
20
4
47
45
13
19
13
28
28
23
12
24
63
7
9
10
42
43
42
15
44
52
6
4
7
12
1
$20,
un
der
$22
$22,
un
der
$24
19
6
27
1
1
2
1
38
27
79
$28,
un
der
$30
$30,
un
der
$32
2
2
7
2
3
2
21
12
19
1
14
1
7
4
1
6
10
1
3
$32,
un
der
$34
$34,
un
der
$36
36
10
— '-----
10
—
4
4
5
2
5
2
1
19
4
7
20
4
16
1
12
26
1
8
1
9
10
2
4
1
6
5
1
49 118 137 309 221 262
262
253
125
64
63
63
33
14
25
84
3
3
10
6
20
12
11
21
52
9
5
6
3
47
6
4
1
31
19
1
16
1
9
16
67
12
12
5
2
42
1
59 116 147 104 166 166
177
160
$46,
un
der
$50
$50
and
over
1
■
16
4
10
5
1
17
7
4
3
97
5
10
3
1
38
5
$44,
un
der
$46
1
—= =
7
6
12
63
2
1
3
$42,
un
der
$44
2
—
36
8
8
7
3
54
2
3
1
2
$40,
un
der
$42
8
13
44
84
9
11
4
18
59
11
6
9
3 21
65 152
3
4
1
7
2 35
9 14
41 65
2
7
$38,
un
der
$40
1
34
28
78
28
12
8
37
27
10
12
16
70
3
1
1
2
11
2
$36,
un
der
$38
1
13 12
39 26
79 121
1
3
1
6
14
2
22 40
45 45
7
7
1
1
39
2
4
1
6
5
2
70 ~50~ 68 111
3
3
1
3
1
1
9
1
3
3
$26,
un
der
$28
96
21
15
4
6
27
4
61
65 101 120 146 153 264 217 263 180
—
■ ■------ —■ =
------ .... —■ ■—•= =
1
2
2
g 11
1
1
1
2
2 11
3 ....
2
$24,
un
der
$26
4
1
34
' 6
2
17
14
4
12
9
2
13
2
9
5
3
80
57
3
2
4
1
H)
3
1
4
1
3
1
4
3
1
2
1
27
13
7
1
6
3
4
1
18
10
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
GOODS
T ruckers, m ale:
P.ATItlAPtlVnt
\ f ofn a
A/f dooatli
QccoplmcAttG
IVl
uoc t to . . ____
XTaxxr
TTarrrnchirP
iiC n XI
.aJJipoLill C------------------N ew Jersey.............. ....................
TVFflnr Vnrlr
P en n sylva n ia
PhnrlA TqIqtiH
V e r m o n t.......................................
2
26
2
4
$12,
un
der
$14
WORSTED
10
J.U
12
c
u
5
4
15
12
3
9
15
4
$10,
un
der
$12
AND
M en ders, female:
PATiTioptipnt
IVTaine------- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A/QCCQ/'hnCAttQ
VTAtir
TTomnchiro
IN
CW JUdlHpoJLLll
- ___
N e w Jersey
Mflw Vnrlr
p0Tl T1Cvl ttqrjio
TqIqtiH
V e r m o n t ......................................
$16.50
$8,
un
der
$10
HOURS— WOOLEN
Burlers, female:
$6,
un
der
$8
AND
$4,
un
der
$6
WAGES
O ccu p ation , sex, and State
A v erN um N um
tual
ber of ber of
earn U n
em
estab
lish
p lo y ings in der
pay
ees
m ents
$4
period
1
1
1
2
2
1
Laborers, dyehouse, male:
Connecticut........ .........
M aine_________ ______
Massachusetts_______
N ew Hampshire_____
New Jersey_____ _____
New Y ork ______ _____
Pennsylvania-............
Rhode Island..............
V erm ont_____________
91
161
357
40
95
46
33
6
7
34
3
7
19
43
2
6
36
23
3
9
44
42
11
5
8_ 5
_ 1 4
18 _
5
7
1 1
120
19
T otal..........................
20.28
28
38
83
78
83
5
1
22
19
31
23
3
40
5
8
12
8
11
14
2
2
11
1
9
7
13
4
36
2
18
15
4
2
9
3
14
1
3
8
2
2
2
1
4
3
2
-3
1
4
12
2
7
7
9
33
20
1
1
4
2
2
1
1
134
141
93
60
38
8
8
1
5
4
2
T W O -W E E K P A Y PERIOD
A ver
N um N um
age
ber
of
ber
of
actual
Occupation, sex, and
estab
em
earn
State
lish ploy ings in Un
der
ments
ees
Pay
period $4
Total..
351
926
175
$50. 61
46.12
46.11
46.49
59. 27
55. 67
51.27
55. 27
39. 67
4, 641
50.07
180
359
747
92
354
102
254
267
64
43. 90
41. 65
45. 77
37. 30
42. 11
56.00
39. 98
50.92
39. 56
2,419
44. 39
211
$8
$10
un
der
$12
$18
$24
$28
$32
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
$40
$44
$48
un
der
un
der
$28
$32
un
der
$36
$44
$48
$52
$64
un
der
$68
$84
un
der
and
over
$72
7
42
31
14
5
TABLES
Total..
Weavers, female:
Connecticut____
M aine. .................
Massachusetts__
N ew Hampshire.
N ew Jersey..........
N ew Y ork........... .
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island____
V erm ont________
531
540
1, 320
231
356
$6
un
der
GENERAL
Weavers, male:
Connecticut........
M aine__________
M assachusetts...
N ew HampshireN ew Jersey.........
New Y ork______
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island___
Verm ont________
Number of employees whose earnings in pay period i
2
71
68
139
243
234
313
358
260
200
135
19
11
7
12
40
196
178
31
37
CO
LIST OF BULLETINS OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
T h e fo llo w in g is a list o f a ll b u lletin s o f th e B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tics p u b lis h e d sin c e
J u ly, 1912, e x c e p t th a t in th e ca se o f b u lletin s giving th e re su lts o f p er io d ic su rvey s o f th e
b u rea u o n ly th e la tes t b u lletin o n a n y o n e s u b je c t is h e re listed .
A c o m p le te list o f th e r e p o r ts a n d b u lletin s issu ed p r io r to J u ly, 1912, as w ell as th e b u lletin s
p u b lish e d s in c e th a t d a te, w ill b e fu r n ish e d o n a p p lica tio n . B u lletin s m a rk ed th u s (*)
a re o u t o f p r in t.
Conciliation and Arbitration (including strikes and lockouts).
*No. 124. Conciliation and arbitration in the building trades of Greater New York. [1913.]
*No. 133. Report of the industrial council of the British Board of Trade on its inquiry into industrial
agreements. [1913.]
No. 139. Michigan copper district strike. [1914.]
No. 144. Industrial court of the cloak, suit, and skirt industry of New York City. [1914.]
No. 145. Conciliation, arbitration, and sanitation in the dress and waist industry of New York City.
[1914.]
*No. 191. Collective bargaining in the anthracite coal industry. [1916.]
*No. 198. Collective agreements in the men’s clothing industry. [1916.]
No. 233. Operation of the industrial disputes investigation act of Canada. [1918.]
No. 255. Joint industrial councils in Great Britain. [1919.]
N o. 283. History of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 1917 to 1919.
No. 287. National War Labor Board: History of its formation, activities, etc. [1921.]
No. 303. Use of Federal power in settlement of railway labor disputes. [1922.]
No. 341. Trade agreement in the silk-ribbon industry of New York City. [1923.]
No. 402. Collective bargaining b y actors. [1926.]
N o. 468. Trade agreements, 1927.
No. 481. Joint industrial control in the book and job printing industry. [1928.]
Cooperation.
No. 313. Consumers’ cooperative societies in the United States in 1920.
No. 314. Cooperative credit societies in America and in foreign countries. [1922.]
N o. 437. Cooperative movement in the United States in 1925 (other than agricultural).
Employment and Unemployment.
*No. 109. Statistics of unemployment and the work of employment offices in the United States.
[1913.]
No. 172. Unemployment in New York City, N. Y . [1915.]
*No. 183. Regularity of employment in the wom en’s ready-to-wear garment industries. [1915.]
*No. 195. Unemployment in the United States. [1916.]
No. 196. Proceedings of the Employment Managers’ Conference held at Minneapolis, M inn., Jan
uary 19 and 20, 1916.
*No. 202. Proceedings of the conference of Employment Managers’ Association of Boston, Mass.,
held M ay 10, 1916.
No. 206. The British system of labor exchanges. [1916.]
No. 227. Proceedings of the Employment Managers’ Conference, Philadelphia, Pa., April 2 and 3,
1917.
No. 235. Employment system of the Lake Carriers’ Association. [1918.]
*No. 241. Public employment offices in the United States. [1918.]
No. 247. Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, Rochester, N. Y ., M a y 9-11, 1918.
No. 310. Industrial unemployment: A statistical study of its extent and causes. [1922.]
N o. 409. Unemployment in Columbus, Ohio, 1921 to 1925.
Foreign Labor Laws.
*No. 142. Administration of labor laws and factory inspection in certain European countries.
Housing.
*No. 158.
No. 263.
N o. 295.
No. 469.
Government aid to home owning and housing of working people in foreign countries.
Housing b y employers in the United States. [1920.]
Building operations in representative cities in 1920.
Building permits in the principal cities of the United States in [1921 to] 1927.
(i)
[1914. j
[1914.]
Industrial Accidents and Hygiene.
*No. 104. Lead poisoning in potteries, tile works, and porcelain enameled sanitary ware factories.
[1912.]
No. 120. Hygiene of the painters’ trade. [1913.]
*No. 127. Dangers to workers from dusts and fumes, and methods of protection. [1913.]
*No. 141. Lead poisoning in the smelting and refining of lead. [1914.]
*No. 157. Industrial accident statistics. [1915.]
*No. 165. Lead poisoning in the manufacture of storage batteries. [1914.]
*No. 179. Industrial poisons used in the rubber industry. [1915.]
No. 188. Report of British departmental committee on the danger in the use of lead in the painting of
buildings. [1916.]
*No. 201. Report of committee on statistics and compensation insurance cost of the International Asso
ciation of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions. [1916.]
*No. 207. Causes of death, b y occupation. [1917.]
•No. 209. Hygiene of the printing trades. [1917.]
*No. 219. Industrial poisons used or produced in the manufacture of explosives. [1917.]
No. 221. Hours, fatigue, and health in British munition factories. [1917.]
No. 230. Industrial efficiency and fatigue in British munition factories. [1917.]
*No. 231. Mortality from respiratory diseases in dusty trades (inorganic dusts). [1918.]
*No. 234. Safety movement in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1917.
No. 236. Effects of the air hammer on the hands of stonecutters. [1918.]
No. 249. Industrial health and efficiency. Final report of British Health of Munition Workers'
Committee. [1919.]
*No. 251. Preventable death in the cotton-manufacturing industry. [1919.]
No. 256. Accidents and accident prevention in machine building. [1919.]
No. 267. Anthrax as ah occupational disease. [1920.1
No. 276. Standardization of industrial accident statistics. [1920.]
No. 280. Industrial poisoning in making coal-tar dyes and dye intermediates. [1921.]
No. 291. Carbon-monoxide poisoning. [1921.]
No. 293. The problem of dust phthisis in the granite-stone industry. [1922.]
No. 298. Causes and prevention of accidents in the iron and steel industry, 1910-1919.
No. 306. Occupation hazards and diagnostic signs: A guide to impairments to be looked for in
hazardous occupations. [1922. j
No. 339. Statistics of industrial accidents in the United States. [1923.]
No. 392. Survey of hygienic conditions in the printing trades. [1925.]
No. 405. Phosphorus necrosis in the manufacture of fireworks and in the preparation of phosphorus.
[1926.]
No. 425. Record of industrial accidents in the United States to 1925.
No. 426. Deaths from lead poisoning. [1927.]
No. 427. Health survey of the printing trades, 1922 to 1925.
No. 428. Proceedings of the Industrial Accident Prevention Conference, held at Washington, D . O.,
July 14-16, 1926.
No. 460. A new test for industrial lead poisoning. [1928.J
No. 466. Settlement for accidents to American seamen. [1928.]
Industrial Relations and Labor Conditions.
No. 237. Industrial unrest in Great Britain. [1917.]
No. 340. Chinese migrations, with special reference to labor conditions. [1923.]
No. 349. Industrial relations in the west coast lumber industry. [1923.]
No. 361. Labor relations in the Fairmont (W . Va.) bituminous-coal field. [1924.]
No. 380. Postwar labor conditions in Germany. [1925.]
No. 383. Works council movement in Germany. [1925.]
No. 384. Labor conditions in tht shoe industry in Massachusetts, 1920-1924.
No. 399. Labor relations in the lace and lace-curtain industries in the United States.
[1925.]
Labor laws of the United States (including decisions of courts relating to labor).
No. 211. Labor laws and their administration in the Pacific States. [1917.]
No. 229. Wage-payment legislation in the United States. [1917.]
No. 285. Minimum-wage laws of the United States: Construction and operation. [1921.]
No. 321. Labor laws that have been declared unconstitutional. [1922.]
No. 322. Kansas Court of Industrial Relations. [1923.]
No. 343. Laws providing for bureaus of labor statistics, etc. [1923.]
N o. 370. Labor laws of the United States, with decisions of courts relating thereto. [1925.]
No. 408. Laws relating to payment of wages. [1926.]
No. 444. Decisions of courts and opinions affecting labor, 1926.
No. 467. Minimum-wage legislation in various countries. [1928.]
No. 486. Labor legislation of 1928.
(n)
Proceedings of Annual Conventions of the Association of Governmental Labor Officials of (he United
States and Canada. (Name changed in 192S to Association of Governmental Officials in Industry of
the United States and Canada.)
•No. 266. Seventh, Seattle, Wash., July 12-15,1920.
N o. 307. Eighth, New Orleans, La., M ay 2-6, 1921.
N o. 323. Ninth, Harrisburg, Pa., M ay 22-26, 1922.
N o. 352. Tenth, Richmond, Va., M ay 1-4, 1923.
♦No. 389. Eleventh, Chicago, 111., M a y 19-23, 1924.
*No. 411. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 13-15, 1925.
N o. 429. Thirteenth, Columbus, Ohio, June 7-10, 1926.
N o. 455. Fourteenth, Paterson, N . J., M ay 31 to June 3, 1927.
N o. 480. Fifteenth, N ew Orleans, La., M ay 15-24, 1928.
Proceedings of Annual Meetings of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and
Commissions.
N o. 210. Third, Columbus, Ohio, April 25-28, 1916.
N o. 248. Fourth, Boston, Mass., August 21-25,1917.
N o. 264. Fifth, Madison, Wis., September 24-27,1918.
♦No. 273. Sixth, Toronto, Canada, September 23-26, 1919.
N o. 281. Seventh, San Francisco, Calif., September 20-24, 1920.
No. 304. Eighth, Chicago, 111., September 1&-23, 1921.
N o. 333. Ninth, Baltimore, M d., October 9-13, 1922.
N o. 359. Tenth, St. Paul, M inn., September 24-26, 1923.
N o. 385. Eleventh, Halifax, N ova Scotia, August 26-28, 1924.
No. 395. Index to proceedings, 1914-1924.
No. 406. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 17-20, 1925.
No. 432. Thirteenth, Hartford, Conn., September 14-17, 1926.
N o. 456. Fourteenth, Atlanta, Ga., September 27-29, 1927.
N o. 485. Fifteenth, Paterson, N . J., September 11-14, 1928.
Proceedings of Annual Meetings of the International Association of Public Employment Services.
No. 192. First, Chicago, December 19 and 20,1913; second, Indianapolis, September 24 and 25, 1914;
third, Detroit, July 1 and 2,1915.
N o. 220. Fourth, Buffalo, N. Y ., July 20 and 21, 1916.
No. 311. Ninth, Buffalo, N . Y ., September 7-9, 1921.
N o. 337. Tenth, Washington, D . C., September 11-13, 1922.
N o. 355. Eleventh, Toronto, Canada, September 4-7, 1923.
N o. 400. Twelfth, Chicago, 111., M a y 19-23, 1924.
N o. 414. Thirteenth, Rochester, N. Y ., September 15-17, 1925.
N o. 478. Fifteenth, Detroit, M ich., October 25-28, 1927.
Productivity of Labor.
No. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]
N o. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes, 1923.
N o. 407. Labor cost of production and wages and hours of labor in the paper box-board Industry.
[1926.]
No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.
N o. 441. Productivity of labor in the glass industry. [1927.]
N o. 474. Productivity of labor in merchant blast furnaces. [1928.]
N o. 475. Productivity of labor in newspaper printing. [1928.]
Retail Prices and Cost of Living.
*No. 121. Sugar prices, from refiner to consumer. [1913.]
•No. 130. Wheat and flour prices, from farmer to consumer. [1913.]
No. 164. Butter prices, from producer to consumer. [1914.]
N o. 170. Foreign food prices as affected b y the war. [1915.]
N o. 357. Cost of living in the United States. [1924.]
N o. 369. The use of cost-of-living figures in wage adjustments. [1925.]
N o. 464. Retail prices, 1890 to 1927.
Safety Codes.
•No. 331. Code of lighting: Factories, mills, and other work places.
N o. 336. Safety code for the protection of industrial workers in foundries.
N o. 350. Specifications of laboratory tests for approval of electric headlighting devices for motor
vehicles.
N o. 351. Safety code for the construction, care, and use of ladders.
N o 375. Safety code for laundry machinery and operations.
N o. 378. Safety code for woodworking plants.
N o. 382. Code for lighting school buildings.
N o. 410. Safety code for paper and pulp mills.
N o. 430. Safety code for power presses and foot and hand presses.
N o. 433. Safetj codes for the prevention of dust explosions.
(m)
Safety Codes—Continued.
No 436. Safety code for the use, care, and protection of abrasive wheels.
No. 447. Safety code for rubber mills and calenders.
No. 451. Safety code for forging and hot-metal stamping.
N o. 463. Safety code for mechanical power-transmission apparatus.—First revision.
Vocationsi Workers* Education.
*No. 159. Short-unit courses for wage earners, and a factory school experiment. [1915.]
*No. 162. Vocational education survey of Richmond, Va. [1915.]
No. 199. Vocational education survey of Minneapolis, Minn. [1917.]
N o. 271. Adult working-class education in Great Britain and the United States. [1920.]
N o. 459. Apprenticeship in building construction. [1928.]
Wages and Hours of Labor.
*No. 146. Wages and regularity of employment and standardization of piece rates in the dress and
waist industry of New York. [1914.]
*No. 147 Wages and regularity of employment in the cloak, suit, and skirt industry. [1914.]
N o. 161. Wages and hours of labor in the clothing and cigar industries, 1911 to 1913.
No. 163. Wages and hours of labor in the building and repairing of steam railroad cars, 1907 to 1913.
*No. 190. Wages and hours of labor in the cotton, woolen, and silk industries, 1907 to 1914
No. 204. Street-railway employment in the United States. [1917.]
No. 225. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber, millwork, and furniture industries, 1915,
No. 265. Industrial survey in selected industries in the United States, 1919.
No. 297. Wages and hours of labor in the petroleum industry, 1920.
No. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]
No. 358. Wages and hours of labor in the automobile-tire industry, 1923,
No. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes, 1923.
No. 365. Wages and hours of labor in the paper and pulp industry, 1923
No. 394. Wages and hours of labor in metalliferous mines, 1924.
No. 407. Labor costs of production and wages and hours of labor in the paper box-board industry,
[1926.]
N o. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.
No. 413. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber industry in the United States, 1925.
No. 416. Hours and earnings in anthracite and bituminous coal mining, 1922 and 1924.
N o. 435. Wages and hours of labor in the men’s clothing industry, 1911 to 1926.
N o. 438. Wages and hours of labor in the motor-vehicle industry, 1925.
N o. 442. Wages and hours of labor in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1925.
N o. 443. Wages and hours of labor in woolen and worsted goods manufacturing 1910 to 1926,
No. 446. Wages and hours of labor in cotton-goods manufacturing, 1910 to 1926.
N o. 450. Wages and hours of labor in the boot and shoe industry, 1907 to 1926.
No. 452. Wages and hours of labor in the hosiery and underwear industries, 1907 to 1926
No. 454. Hours and earnings in bituminous-coal mining, 1922, 1924, and 1926.
No. 471. Wages and hours of labor in foundries and machine shops, 1927.
No. 472. Wages and hours of labor in slaughtering and meat packing, 1927.
N o. 476. Union scale of wages and hours of labor, 1927-1928. Supplement to Bui. 457.
No. 482. Union scales of wages and hours of labor, M ay 15, 1928.
No. 484. Wages and hours of labor of common street laborers, 1928.
Welfare
*No.
N o.
*No.
No.
Work.
123. Employer’s welfare work. [1913.]
222. Welfare work in British munitions factories. [1917.]
250. Welfare work for employees in industrial establishments in the United States.
458. Health and recreation activities in industrial establishments, 1926.
Wholesale Prices.
No. 284. Index numbers of wholesale prices in the United States and foreign countries.
No. 440. Wholesale prices, 1890 to 1926.
N o. 453. Revised index numbers of wholesale prices, 1923 to July, 1927.
No. 473. Wholesale prices, 1913 to 1927.
[1919.]
[1921.
Women and Children in Industry.
No. 116. Hours, earnings, and duration of employment of wage-earning women in selected industries
in the District of Columbia. [1913.]
*No. 117. Prohibition of night work of young persons. [1913.J
No. 118. Ten-hour maximum working-day for women and young persons. [1913.]
N o. 119. Working hours of women in the pea canneries of Wisconsin. [1913.]
*No. 122. Employment of women in power laundries in Milwaukee. [1913.]
N o. 160. Hours, earnings, and conditions of labor of women in Indiana mercantile establishments and
garment factories. [1914.]
*No. 167. Minimum-wage legislation in the United States and foreign countries. [1915.]
•N o. 175. Summary of the report on conditions of woman and child wage earners in the United
States. [1915.]
(IV)
Women and Children in Industry— Continued.
•No. 176. Effect of minimum-wage determinations in Oregon. [1915.]
•No. 180. The boot and shoe industry in Massachusetts as a vocation for women. [1915.]
*No. 182. Unemployment among women in department and other retail stores of Boston, Mass. [1916.]
N o. 193. Dressmaking as a trade for women in Massachusetts. [1916.]
N o. 215. Industrial experience of trade-school girls in Massachusetts. [1917.]
•No. 217. Effect of workmen’s compensation laws in diminishing the necessity of industrial em
ployment of women and children. [1918.]
No. 223. Employment of women and juveniles in Great Britain during the war. [1917.]
N o. 253. W omen in the lead industries. [1919.]
Workmen’ s Insurance and Compensation (including laws relating thereto).
•No. 101. Care of tuberculosis wage earners in Germany. [1912.]
•No. 102. British national insurance act, 1911.
N o. 103. Sickness and accident insurance law in Switzerland. [1912.]
No. 107. Law relating to insurance of salaried employees in Germany. [1913.
•No. 155. Compensation for accidents to employees of the United States. [1914.]
No. 212. Proceedings of the conference on social insurance called b y the International Association of
Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions, Washington, D . C., December 5-9, 1916.
•No. 243. W orkm en’s compensation legislation in the United States and foreign countries, 1917 and
1918.
N o. 301. Comparison of workmen’s compensation insurance and administration. [1922.]
N o. 312. National health insurance in Great Britain, 1911 to 1921.
N o. 379. Comparison of workmen’s compensation laws of the United States as of January 1, 1925.
N o. 423. W orkm en’s compensation legislation of the United States and Canada as of July 1, 1926.
N o. 477. Public-service retirement systems, United States and Europe. [1928.]
Miscellaneous Series.
•No. 174. Subject index of the publications of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics up to
M ay 1, 1915.
No. 208. Profit sharing in the United States. [1916.]
N o. 242. Food situation in central Europe, 1917.
No. 254. International labor legislation and the society of nations. [1919.]
No. 268. Historical survey of international action affecting labor. [1920.]
No. 282. Mutual relief associations among Government employees in Washington, D . C. [1921.]
N o. 299. Personnel research agencies: A guide to organized research in employment, management,
industrial relations, training, and working conditions. [1921.]
No. 319. The Bureau of Labor Statistics: Its history, activities, and organization. [1922.]
N o. 326. Methods of procuring and computing statistical information of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
[1923.]
No. 342. International Seamen’s Union of America: A study of its history and problems. [1923.]
No. 346. Humanity in government. [1923.]
N o. 372. C o n v ict labor in 1923.
No.
No.
N o.
No.
No.
N o.
No.
N o.
N o.
N o.
386.
398.
401.
420.
439.
461.
462.
465.
479.
483.
Cost of American almshouses. [1925.]
Growth of legal-aid work in the United States. [1926.]
Family allowances in foreign countries. [1926.]
Handbook of American trade-unions. [1926.]
Handbook of labor statistics, 1924 to 1926.
Labor organizations in Chile. [1928.]
Park recreation areas in the United States. [1928.]
Beneficial activities of American trade-unions. [1928.]
Activities and functions of a State department of labor. [1928.
Conditions in the shoe industry in Haverhill Mass., 1928.
(V)
@FedFRASER