Full text of Wages and Hours of Labor in Lumber Manufacturing : Wages and Hours of Labor in Lumber Manufacturing, 1923 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 363

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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
JAMES J. DAVIS, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
ETHELBERT STEWART, Commissioner

BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES)
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS j
*
WAGES

AND

HOURS

OF

’

LABOR

/ *1
O £0
' \ WOe O V d
SERIES

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR
IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING




1923

AUGUST, 1924

WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1924




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V

CONTEN TS.

Page
Introduction and summary_____ »________________________ ____________________
1-11
General tables_____________________________________________ ____________________ 11-32
T a b l e A.— Average earnings per hour, average full-time weekly
earnings, and average and classified full-time hours
per week, 1923, by occupation and State_____________ 12 -1 6
T a b l e B.— Average and classified earnings per hour for employees in
6 selected occupations, 1923, by State__________________ 17 -2 0
T a b l e C.— Average and specified days of work of occupation and
average and specified days actually worked, 1923, by
length of pay period and occupation_____________________ 21 -2 3
T a b l e D .— Average full-time hours and earnings and actual hours
and earnings, 1923, by occupation, length of pay
period, and State__________________________________________ 2 4 -3 2




h i




BULLETIN OF THE

U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
NO. 363

WASHINGTON

AUGUST, 1924

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTUR­
ING IN THE UNITED STATES, 1923.
INTRODUCTION AN D SU M M A R Y.

Earnings per hour and per week and hours of labor per week in
lumber manufacturing in the United States as of 1923 are presented
in this report. Sawmill operation only is covered; logging is not
included. Comparative summary figures are shown for each year
from 1907 to 1923, except the years 1914, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1920,
and 1922, in which years no investigations were made.1
The data here compiled were collected by special agents of the
United States Bureau of Labor Statistics who were sent to representa­
tive sawmills in the 23 States in which the industry is of importance,
as determined by census figures for 1919. The agents obtained from
the pay rolls the figures for one pay period varying in length in the
different mills from one week to one month.
Of the 252 schedules, 107 were for a one-week pay period, 11 were
for a two-week pay period, 77 were for a half-montn pay period, and
57 for a month pay period. The two-week and the half-month sched­
ules have been combined in the tables showing different lengths of
pay periods. The data were taken from June pay rolls for 210 of
the 252 schedules. The remainder were taken for periods as near
June as representative data could be obtained.
Of the 252 mills scheduled, 3 made no report, 48 reported no net
change in wages since July 1, 1921; 8 mills reported net reductions,
1 of which is 25 cents per day and 7 range from 4 per cent to 20 per
cent or an average of 14 per cent decrease per mill; 193 mills reported
net increases for the same period. Of this number, 118 range from
1 per cent to 50 per cent or an average increase per plant oi 16 per
cent; 37 mills made increases averaging 52 cents per day per mill;
33 mills averaged increases of 8 cents per hour per mill, and 5 mills
report a percentage and hourly or daily rate combined.
Of the 252 mills canvassed 11 reported payment of 50 per cent
increase for overtime work. Ten of these mills are located on the
Pacific coast and one in Maine. The other 241 mills pay the same
rate for overtime as for regular time. Apart from the above, some
mills pay workers, in the skilled mechanical trades only, an extra
rate for overtime.
1 Earlier publications of the Bureau relating to the lumber industry are: Nineteenth Annual Report
and Bulletins Nos. 59, 65, 71, 77, 129, 153, 225, 265, and 317.




1

2

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN LUMBER M ANUFACTURING.

It is evident from the above figures and others herein published that
wages in the industry since July 1,1921, have substantially increased.
Table 1 shows by States the average number of employees in the in­
dustry as reported by the United States Census of Manufactures,
May to October, inclusive, 1919; the number of establishments from
which the bureau obtained data for 1923; the number of employees
for which figures are shown in this report; and in addition, the aver­
age full-tim e hours per week, the average earnings per hour, and
the average full-time earnings per week for all employees covered in
each State taken as a collective group, all occupations combined. As
all sawmills do not operate throughout the entire year the average
number of wage earners during the period of May to October, 1919,
is used to show the size of the industry as measured by wage earn­
ers employed.
Full-time hours per week are the regular customary hours during
which under normal conditions the employees in an occupation are
on duty. The full-tim e weekly earnings are the earnings of employees
working full time or the earnings on broken or short time reduced to
equivalent earnings for a full week.
According to the Census of Manufactures, 1919, about 91 per
cent of the total number of wage earners in the industry are found in
the States in which the establishments furnishing information to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics are located. The number of employees
for whom the bureau obtained 1923 data and for whom detailed
information is presented in this report is nearly 15 per cent of the
total number in the industry, as reported in the census of 1919.
T able 1.— N U M BER

OF ESTABLISHM ENTS A N D OF W AGE EARNERS R E PO R T E D
A N D AVERAGE HOURS A N D EARNINGS, IN LU M BER M ANUFACTURING, 1023,
B Y STATE.

A
verage
num of
ber
w e rn
age a ers
rep
orted by
U
nited
Statescen s,
su
M
ay-Octob 19 .
er, 19

State.

Alabam
a........ ....... ............ ....
_
A
rkansas_______ _ _____
C aliforn ia __
......... ___
Florida.... ..............................
G
eorgia_______ _______ _
Idaho________ _ ____ __
_
Kentucky______ ______ __
Lnntaiana . . . ____ _ _

__

M
aine....................................
M ic h ig a n _______ _______________________
M
innesota______________
M
ississippi__________ ____
M
ontana.................................
N
orth Carolina..........................
O
regon
......... ..........................
Pennsylvania_____________
South Carolina_________ _
_
T
ennessee__ _ ___ ______
_
T exas , ..............
.. . _ ___ _ .
V
irginia...................................
W
ashington__ ____ _______
W V
est irginia............................
W
isconsin.................. ....... .....
O
ther States__
_______
T o ta l

-




15 0
,9 3
2 ,10
3 8
11,0
15
13,774
8 17
,0
4 13
,8
4 4
,8 0
2 ,3 5
86
60
,6 3
8 9
,9 9
6 57
.9
2 ,6 2
2 9
1,8
55
12 6
,0 3
15,315
3 58
.9
6 53
,6
9,16
3
10 6
,78
9 4
,0 4
33,275
5,9
10
13 4
,4 9
2 4
7,10
33 6
0 ,6 1

N ber o
um
f—
Estab­
lish­
m
ents
inthis'
survey.
14
16
9
17
1
2
4
13
17

W
age
earn
ers
in this
survey.
2 9
,4 3
3,477
2 74
,0
21
,1 1
1,2 0
4
1,0 2
4
83
0
4,115
76
6
1,345
1,619
3,775
9
10
2 6
,0 1

A
verage Average A
verage
full-tim earn gs full-tim
e
in
e
hu
o rs
p
er
earn gs
in
p
er
hu
o r. perw
eek
w
eek.

2
3
9
9

5 8
,2 9
96
5
1,991

61.2
60
.7
56.9
61.6
61.4
4 .3
8
58
.5
61.5
58
.9
59
.8
6 .8
0
6 .5
0
51.6
61.4
4 .5
8
6 .5
0
61.5
59.1
6 .5
0
6 .7
0
4 .5
8
6 .7
0
6 .3
0

22
5

4 ,0 8
5 6

58.1

1
0
6

4
9
4
2
0
9
5
7
16

8
1
1

2,1 2
0
56
4
11
,1 0
1,6 2
4
2,3 1
9

11
,2 0

$ ,2 2
04
.278
.515
.274
.210
.54
9
.318
.278
.352
.411
.437
.2 6
9
.515
.241
.571
.4 3
4
.225
.3 8
0
.297
.2 2
8
.545
.376
.379

$14 1
.8
16.8
7
2 .3
90
16 8
.8
12 9
.8
2 .52
6
18 0
.6
17.10
2 .73
0
2 .5
48
26.57
17.91
26.57
14 0
.8
2 9
7.6
2 .8
6 0
13 4
.8
18 0
.2
17.97
17.12
2 .4
6 3
2 .8
2 2
2 .8
2 5

.3
62

2 3
1.0

3

INTRODUCTION AND SUMM ARY.

Table 1 shows by States the average full-time hours and earnings
per hour and per full-time week in 1923 for all employees thrown
into one common group. Table 2 presents like figures for each of
the more important occupations 1 not only for 1923 but for years
back to 1907 so far as data are available. In addition, the table
contains index numbers (percentages) which aid in making compari­
son of the averages for the several years. The year 1913 is taken as
the base or 100. To illustrate the table, reference is made to head
sawyers on band saws. Here it is seen that the average earnings
per hour were 55.7 cents in 1913, which increased to 88.3 cents m
1923. The corresponding index numbers show an increase from 100
to 159, indicating an increase of 59 per cent in hourly earnings in
the 10-year interval. The greatest percentage of wage increase in
the 10 years was for trimmer operators who had an mcrease from
21.7 cents per hour to 43 cents per hour or, as the index numbers
show, an increase of 98 per cent. It will be observed that some of
the occupations suffered a wage decrease as between 1919 and 1923.
Particular attention is called to the index numbers for the industry
as a whole, all occupations combined, which appear at the end of
Table 2. These index numbers computed back only to 1910 show
94 per cent increase in wages per hour between 1913 and 1919.
Between 1919 and 1921 there was a reduction in the index for hourly
earnings from 194 to 166, which increased to 180 in 1923. Thus,
between 1919 and 1923 there was a decrease of the index numbers
for hourly earnings of 14 points, or a decrease of 7 per cent. It is
conceded the wage peak in this industry occurred in 1920, but data
were not collected in that year.
The index numbers for the industry show a decrease of 8 per cent
in regular full-time hours of labor between 1910 and 1919. As
between 1919 and 1921 there was an increase of two points or approxi­
mately 2 per cent in working hours.
T able 2.—AVERAGE FULL-TIME HOURS PER WEEK, EARNINGS PER HOUR, AND

FULL-TIME EARNINGS PER WEEK, TOGETHER WITH INDEX NUMBERS THERE­
FOR, 19 7 TO 19 3 BY OCCUPATION AND YEAR.
0
2,
[19 = 0
13 10 .]

O
ccupation.

Num Num
­
­
ber of
Year. estab­ ber of
em
­
lish­ ployees.
m ts.
en

Index n bers fo
um
r—
Aver­ Aver­ Average
age
full­
age
full­ earn tim
Full­
e
­
tim
e ings earn Full­ Earn­ tim
e
­ tim
e
h rs p
ou
­
er
ings h rs ings earn
ou
p
er h u
p
er
ings
per
per h u
w
eek. o r. w
eek. w
eek. o r. w
eek.

6 .8 $ ,4 0 $ 9
0
3
4
19 7
0
71
0 9 2 .79
3
4
6
9 6 .8 .4 1 2 .2
0
10
98
8
9 4
3
4
8
19 9
0
6
9 6 .8 .4 9 2 .73
0
9
23
0
19
10
4 9 61.2 .54 33.18
2
3
19
11
23
4
5 8 61.2 .550 33.61
0
19
12
28
8
5 1 61.1
6
.54 3 7
6 3.4
19
13
28
8
0
5 4 6 .9 .557 3 .9
5
3 0
5 2 61.0 .539 32.75
7
19
15
26
8
19
19
1 0 2 9 57.5 .768 44.16
2
4
19 1
2
21
5
5 7 57.8 .797 4 .0
2
6 7
19 3
2
20
3
5 9 57.0 .8 3 5 .3
2
8
03
1
2
Saw
yers, head circu
,
lar....... 19 7
0
14 61.3 .54 3 1
5
3.4
1
2
10
98
14 61.3 .519 31.81
1
2
19 9
0
13 61.3 .525 32.18
19
10
5
8
8
1 61.9 .4 6 3d6
9
6
1A d
escription of saw ill p cesses and occu ation is given in B
m ro
p
s
ulletin 2 5
2.

Saw
yers, head, band---------




10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
9
4
9
5
9
4
9
9
9
9
9
9

10
0

8
8
8
6
8
8

9
7
9
9
9
8

10
0

9
7
13
8
14
3
15
9
16
0

11
0
12
0
9
7

8
8
8
6
8
8

9
8
9
9
9
9
10
0
9
7
13
0
13
6
14
8
15
0

10
0
11
0
9
7

4

WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING,

T a ble 2 .—AVERAGE FULL-TIME HOURS PER WEEK, EARNINGS PER HOUR, AND

FULL-TIME EARNINGS PER WEEK, TOGETHER WITH INDEX NUMBERS THERE­
FOR, 19 7 TO 19 3 BY OCCUPATION AND YEAR-Cantinued.
0
2,
[19 s 1 0
13 * 0 .]

O
ccupation.

Saw
yers, head circular.......
,

D
oggers.........................

Setters................... ......

Sawtailers onheadsaw _
s_
Saw
yers, gang......... .......

Saw
yers, resaw
........ .......

Edgerm
en............_
.........

Trim eroperators............
m




Index n bers fo
um
r—
Aver­
Aver­
age
Num Num age Aver­ full­
­
­ full­
age
ber of
Full­
earn tim
­
e run­
Year. estab­ ber of tim
e
em h ue ings earn tim Earn­ tim
­
­
e ings earn
lish­ p
o rs p
­
ings h
ours p
m ts. loyees. p
en
er h er
ings
ou
r.
p
er
p
er h er
w
eek.
ou
r.
per
w
eek. w
eek
w
eek.
1911 19
12
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2
19
11
19
12
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2
19
11
19
12
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2
19 1
2
19 3
2
19 7
0
10
98
10
99
19
10
19
11
19
12
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2
1911
19
12
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2
19 7
0
19 8
0
10
99
19
10
11
01
19
12
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2
19 7
0
10
98
19 9
0
19
10
1911
19
12
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2

72
9
2
9
2
7
6
3
0
3
8
3
5
23
7
34
3
34
3
35
4
13
6
21
6
28
3
31
0
31
6
31
6
38
4
14
1
29
7
21
5
26
7
22
5
5
5
5
5
2

6
6

71
71
8
1
3
4
6
1
5
5

9
8
13
8
13
8
15
2
6
7
14
5
13
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
25
4
29
9
31
6
31
6
38
4
14
0
28
7
22
5
37
37
3
7
28
2
28
2
36
4
36
4
35
4
13
9
2
77
22
5

9
5
119
12
3
9
8
3
7
4
8
4
5
82
5
93
7
99
3
1,0 9
9
4
71
94
0
1,0 8
0
714
70
8
72
8
67
8
311
63
7
76
0
56
8
67
7

6
6
6

6
4
74
79
8
0
9
3
4
6
8
2
8
0
14
9
19
7
19
2
2
15
11
1
29
3
29
5
79
7
8
77
55
8
64
8
751
75
4
75
6
3
14
72
7
78
3
72

6
8

72
53
0
45
8
511
58
3
54
6
23
7
50
3
54
0

6 .6
2
6 .4
2
6 .0
2
62.1
57.3
59.4
58
.2

.5 4
0
.4 9
9
.513
.4 2
6
.748
.666
.8 2
6

61.5
61.4
61.2
61.3
57.8
58
.1
57.6
61.3
61.3
61.0
61.2
57.0
57.6
57.0
57.7
57.0
6 .0
0
6 .0
0
6 .0
0
61.4
61.6
61.7
61.4
61.8
56.2
56
.8
56.1

.179
.181
.184
.178
.3
58
.3 6
0
.3 3
4

31.42
31.0
3
31.71
2 .2
8 7
4 .8
2 6
3 .56
9
50
.17
10 6
.9
11.0
6
1 .2
12
10 3
.8
2 .6
09
17.78
19.76

.251
.2
50
.2
58
.2 9
3
.4 6
4
.412
.4
74

15.3
0
15.29
15.71
14.56
25.4
2
2
3.73
2 2
7.0

.3 6
2
.3 4
6
.271
.2
56
.2
58
.3 9
0
.3 6
0
.3 7
0
.311
.2 9
8
.520
.4 2
8
.58
4
.252
.254
.261
.2 0
4
.471
.4 3
6
.4 3
9
.2
54
.2 6
4
.2 8
4
.255
.2 0
6
.26
2
.26
8
.252
.4
50
.437
.4
92
.20
7
.196
.197
.2 9
0

18 1
.8
2 .75
0
16 6
.2
15.36
15.4
8
18 8
.8
18.77
18 6
.8
19 2
.0
17.74
2 .2
9 2
2 8
7.3
32
.76
15.24
15.41
15.77
14.57
2 .0
6 0
2 4
5.8
2 6
7.4
15.42
14 3
.9
15.0
5
15.58
15.8
6
15.97
16 8
.2
15.32
2 8
5.8
25.13
2 .0
8 9
12.56
11.90
11.96
12.71
12.85
12.73
13 0
.2
12.34
23.21
2 .66
1
2 .4
4 7

6 .7
0
60
.7
6 .7
0
6 .9
0
55.2
55.8
55.7
6 .7
0
60
.7
60
.7
61.2
61.3
61.2
61.0
61.0
57.5
57.5
57.1
6 .7
0
60
.7
60
.7
61.0
61.0
61.2
61.0
61.1
57.3
57.0
56.9

.211

.2 9
0
.217
.2 3
0
.4 5
0
.3 0
8
.4 0
3

11
0
11
0
10
0
10
0

10
0

10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0

10
0

9
8
9
7

9
9
9
8

10
1

9
0
14
6
13
0
16
8
9
7
9
8

8
9
13
5
12
5
15
8
9
8
9
9

9
4
9
5
9
4

9
7
19
5
16
6
18
6

10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0

10
0

9
7
9
7
9
3
173
16
0
18
4

9
7
18
4
15
8
176
9
7
9
7
10
0
9
3
16
2
151
172

8
7
8
2
8
3
9
9
9
8
9
9
10
0
9
3
16
7
15
5
18
8
9
7
9
7
10
0
9
2
18
0
177
19
8

8
5
8
1
8
1
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
0
9
3
15
4
14
4
172
9
7
9
8
10
0
9
2
16
5
16
4
174

10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0

9
5
9
2
9
3
9
5
9
7
9
8
10
0
9
4
16
8
16
3
18
4

10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0

9
5
9
0
9
1
9
6
9
7
9
6
10
0
9
4
18
7
175
19
8

9
5
9
2
9
2
9
6
9
7
9
8
10
0
9
4
15
9
15
4
173
9
5
9
0
9
1
9
6
9
7
9
6
10
0
9
3
176
16
4
18
5

9
2
9
6
9
4

9
3
9
4
9
3

9
8
9
8
9
8

10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
11
0
9
2
9
3
9
1

10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
9
1
9
2
9
2

9
4
9
4
9
4

9
4
9
3
9
3

10
0

5

INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY,

T able 2 .—AVERAGE FULL-TIME HOURS PER WEEK, EARNINGS PER HOUR, AND

FULL-TIME EARNINGS PER WEEK, TOGETHER WITH INDEX NUMBERS THERE­
FOR, 1907 TO 1923, BY OCCUPATION AND YEAR—Concluded.

[19 10 .]
13= 0

O
ccupation.

Index n bers fo
um
r—
Aver­
Aver­
age
Num Num age Aver­ full­
­
­ full­
age
b of
er
Full­
­
e
e earn tim­ Full­ Earn­ tim
Year. estab­ ber of tim
e
em
­
tim
e
lish­ ployees. h rs ings earn h rs ings earn
ou
­
p
ings
ou
m ts.
en
p
er h er
p
er
ings
o r.
u
p
er
per h u
w
eek.
o r.
per
w
eek. w
eek.
w
eek.

11
M
achinefeed planingm
ers,
ills. 19
1912
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2
Laborers........................

O
ther em
ployees______

Industry___________

19 7
0
10
98
19 9
0
19
10
19
11
19
12
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2
19
10
19
11
19
12
19
13
19
15
19
19
19 1
2
19 3
2

178
23
5
23
5
29
6
10
2
14
9
14
3
4
1
4
1
4
1
25
4
29
9
31
6
31
6
38
4
14
1
29
7
22
5
38
4
(*
)
29
7
22
5

1,156
1,54
8
1,531
1,679
68
6
81
3
90
0

61.3
61.4
61.1
61.2
56.5
56
.4
57.6

4 9
,0 7
3 6
,6 2
3,910
2 ,3 7
02
2 ,78
6 4
2 ,3 5
9 6
2 ,8 5
83
3 ,5 9
66
15,54
2
27,9 7
6
25,316
16,513
0)
12,552
14 0
,3 6

6 .5
0
6 .6
0
6 .5
0
61.3
61.4
61.5
61.1
61.3
57.1
57.2
57.5
6 .3
3
(0
6 .0
0
59.4

.9
.179 10 4
.181 11.07
.18
6 11.34
.74
.176 10
2 4
.3 0 2 .0
9
.4
.327 18 4
.3
55 2 .4
05
.18
3 11.07
02
.167 1 .1
.171 10 5
.3
02
.166 1 .1
.162 9.91
.164 10 3
.0
.171 10 0
.4
.157 9 5
. 8
. 0
.3 5 19 7
4
.2 5 1 . 3
8
6 0
.310 17.8
3
.214 13 4
.4
0)
(0
3
.3 2 2 .52
9
4.77
.417 2

10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
9
2
9
2
9
4
9
9
9
9
9
9

10
0
10
0
11
0
10
0
10
0
9
3
9
4
9
4

10
0
10
0
11
0
10
0
10
0
9
2
9
4
9
4

9
6
9
7

10
0
9
5
20
1

9
6
9
8

10
0

10
7
9
8
10
0
9
7
9
5
9
6
10
0
9
2
22
0
16
7
18
1

9
5
19
4
16
3
10
8
16
0
9
7
10
0
9
7
9
5
9
6
10
0
9
2
19
8
157
171

9
7
9
5
9
6
10
0
9
1
19
4
16
6
10
8

9
8
9
6
9
7
10
0
9
1
179
15
6
170

176
19
1

1 No data available.

The number of wage earners in the sawmill industry in 1919 is
stated in Table 1. The great importance of the industry is more
fully set forth in Table 3, which shows the number of active sawmills
reporting to the United States Census Office in 1919, together with
the production of the different kinds of lumber, by States. The
figures shown are for thousands of board feet, the total production
being 34,552,076,000 board feet.
87 2 4
9 4 °—2 f--- 2




%

T a b l e 3 . — N U M B E R OF A C T I V E S A W M IL L S R E P O R T IN G A N D R E P O R T E D P R O D U C T IO N OF E A C H K IN D O F L U M B E R , B Y S T A T E .

05

[Data from United States Census of Manufactures, 1919.]

State.

Total........

Douglas
fir.

Western
yellow
pine.

Hem­
lock.

White
pine.

141,327

444,150

32,580

255,320

821
1,918
10,090

10,858

488 2,470,407

697
380
365
1,452 1,980,395
40, 675
125
3,226 1,240,142
1, 795,492
544
1,531
1,537
812 544,475
95,979
1,858
450 1, 330,734
2,249 646,834
3,876, 631
798
5,196
272,470

15,464

1,857
234,207
3,575

13,776
43,335
120,433
43,440

6,017

85, 542
267,824
29
48,462
52,906
225,155

371 34,064
6,532 42,976
664 166,056
591
44,213

4, 574
308,139

223,843 208,645
8,417
57, 501
560,544 29,298
17,291

108,548
480, 514

40, 221
217,839
248,644

28,744
286,854
104, 582
439, 757
161,184

12, 519
1,004
10, 742
63,214 229,145
2,832 50,414
125,959 10,646
375,069 188,405

30,001 13,062,938 5,902,169 1, 755,015 1,754,998 1, 723,642 979,968




C y­
press.

4,190

909

1,004, 766
767,217
1,224

Spruce.

100

1, 642, 588
1,049,340

Alabam a.......... .
Arkansas...........
California..........
Florida-........... .
Georgia..............
Idaho....... .........
K en tu cky-------Louisiana-------M a in e ...............
M ichigan______
Minnesota.........
M ississippi____
M ontana______
N orth Carolina.
Oregon________
P e n n sy lv a n ia South Carolina.
Tennessee-------Texas— ...........
Virginia_______
W ashington___
W est Virginia. .
W isconsin_____
Other States___

Hardwoods.

Softwoods.

17,468
27,482
6,924
2,097
6,897

44,366

A ll
other.

Total.

1,409 1,657,873
380 1,093,055
68.377 1,258, 953
1,125,199
813, 335
765, 082
235,040
31, 610
2,513
2,778,546
556,164
38,134
349, 216
15, 474
47,454
637,296
1,997, 686
286, 518
102, 831
4,136 1,359, 716
78,965 2, 574, 597
271, 752
256
573, 001
1,044
170, 351
14,708
1 1,332, 832
695,112
891
287,243 4,960, 926
163,109
85
594,125
17, 763
55, 484 1,361,076

O
ak.
61,189
300,523
410
1,232
34, 537

Maple.

2,753

R ed
gum.

39,349

Chest­
nut.

2,217

8, — 238,327
224
400

4,294
15,510

31, 692
282, 963
85,105
209 147,260
4,138
5,572
16,239 321,409
1,868
8, 518
5,479 168,226
132,804

2,413

589
15

11,977 21,507
1,507
1,160
2,263 85,777
48,610
1,416 21,917
6,974 80,025 "39,‘ 511
1,579 11,924
7,058 16,888 69,458
83
279,891 58,242
3,087 118,087
25, 578 177,125
563, 245 189, 655 "49," 162 133,272
136,129

145,421
11, 321
349, 725
28, 605
240, 707

A ll
other.

35,365
131, 554
6,483
27,770
306
133, 965
152,751
29,653
189, 012
51,957
85,940
860
55, 599
1,646
76,648
14,024
145, 546
4,834
68,815
211
140,687
319, 510
508,914

Aggre­
gate.
Total.

140,873
679,102
410
12, 233
80,630
306
480,468
385,325
39, 952
526, 675
62,343
392,449
860
294,719
2,806
358, 719
48, 678
621, 781
46,942
402,926
294
599,994
522,213
, 444,248

1, 798, 746
1,772,157
1, 259, 363
1,137,432
893,965
765,388
512, 078
3,163,871
596,116
875, 891
699,639
2,390,135
287, 378
1,654,435
2, 577,403
630,471
621, 679
792,132
1,379, 774
1,098, 038
4,961,220
763,103
1,116, 338
2,805,324

857,489 851,431 545,696 2,182,050 7,144,946 34,552,076

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING,

Timber sawed (1,000 feet board measure).
N um ­
ber o f
active
mills
report­
ing.
Yellow
pine.

7

INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY.

Table 4 shows the average number of days of operation of the
mills reported in this study and a classification; by causes, of the
days idle for the year ending June 30, 1923, by States.
An average of 269 days in operation was made by the 251 mills
reporting. These mills averaged 5 days of idleness for holidays and
vacations, 9 days for seasonal shutdowns, 24 days for repairs and
shortage of logs, and 7 days for various other reasons.
T able

4.

—A V E R A G E N U M B E R OF D A Y S OF O P E R A T IO N A N D A V E R A G E N U M B E R
OF D A Y S ID L E B Y S P E C IF IE D C AU SES, JU L Y 1, 1922, T O JU N E 30, 1923, B Y S T A T E .

State.

Average number of week days idle on
account of—
Average
Number number
of estab­ of days
lish­
mills
Holidays Seasonal Lack of
Other
ments. operated. and vaca­
shut­
logs and causes.
downs.
tions.
repairs.
4
4
5
5
5
4
5
4

8
64
9
3

3

77

5
5
3

2
25
6
25

9
9

266
290
268
296
255
246
196
289
199
282
256
296
259
272
285
261
286
253
300
274
292
258
244

1251

269

Alabama.......................................... - .......... __
Arkansas__________ - _____ ______________
California___________________ ____ ______
Florida_________________________________
Georgia ___________________ ___________ Idaho __________________________________
Kentucky........................... .................... .......
Louisiana...................... ..................................
Maine ___________________ _________ ___
M ichigan______________ _______________
M innesota____________________ _____ ___
Mississippi_____________________________
M ontana_______________________________
North Carolina ........ ................................__
Oregon......................_.......................... .....__
Pennsylvania.........................._............ ........
South Carolina__________________ ______
Tennessee_______________________________
Texas .................................................. ..........
Virginia _ ____________________________
Washington _ _
_______________
West Virginia_______________ ___________
W iscon sin ................ .......... ..........................

14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
i9
6
4
9
4
20

T o t a l ................... ...............................

9
5
7

16

8

11
23

7
5
5

6

4
4

9
29

12
5

5

1
1

5
5
5

5

5

9

6

32
10
10
12
28

11

96
13
3
24
23
7
21
27
11
46
15

7
4
32

34
7

18

1
17

12
1
1
11

8
8

25
11
' 29
62

21
1

24

7

1 N ot including 1 establishment for which no data were available.

Table 5 shows the number of mills included in this report classified
by the number of head saws operated; total number of head saws;
average number of head saws per mill; average number of days the
mills operated; and average days of operation per head saw, by
States, for the year ending June 30, 1923.
The head saw is the large saw which first receives the log in the
process of lumber manufacture. It usually saws the log into boards
or timbers of final thickness but may be employed only to cut the
log down to one solid piece flat on two opposite sides, called a cant,
a resaw or gang saw being used in a later operation to further reduce
the size of the lumber.
Of the 251 mills reporting, 117 had 1 head saw each; 101 had 2
head saws each; 22 had 3 head saws each; 7 had 4 head saws each;
and 4 had 5 head saws each, or a total of 433 head saws. The mills
averaged 1.7 head saws each.
The 433 head saws averaged 267 day turns and 59 night turns,
or a total of 326 turns during the year. The mills averaged 269
days in operation during the year. The mills in Florida and Mis­
sissippi averaged 95 per cent of possible 313 week days in operation




8

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING.

and Kentucky averaged 63 per cent.
range of time in operation.

These States show the extreme

T able 5 . — TO TAL

A N D SPECIFIED N U M BER OF HEAD SAWS, N UM BER OF M ILLS
AVERAGE NUM BER OF HEAD SAWS PER M ILL, AVERAGE N UM BER OF D AYS M ILLS
W ERE IN OPERATION, AN D A VERAGE DAYS AND NIGHTS OF OPERATION OF HEAD
SAWS FOR THE Y E A R EN DIN G JUNE 30, 1923, BY STATE.

Mills operating each specified
number of head saws.
State.
1

Alabama...................
Arkansas..................
California................_
Florida..... ................
Georgia................... .
Idaho____ _________
Kentucky.................
Louisiana_________
Maine______ _____ _
Michigan_________
Minnesota......... ......
Mississippi..............
M ontana.................
North Carolina____
Oregon......................
Pennsylvania______
South Carolina____
Tennessee_________
Texas............ ..........
Virginia..... ..............
Washington_______
West Virginia_____
Wisconsin.............
Total...........

2

3

4

5

1
3
2
1

2
3
1
1

1

6
11
6
1

5
9
5
6
2
2
3
5
2
4
1
7
2
5
3
3
3
5
4
4
10
3
8

117

101

22

7

8
4
10
10
10
9
5
1
1
1
15
5
1
4
9

2

1
1
1

21
31
24
25
14
10
16
32
16
13
13
19
8
25
16
10
10
25
21
17
38
12
17

1.5
1.9
2.7
1.5
1.2
2.5
1.2
1.9
1.8
2.2
3.3
2.1
2.0
1.3
1.8
2.0
1.4
1.6
2.6
1.5
1.7
1.3
1.9

266
290
268
296
255
246
196
289
199
282
256
296
259
272
285
261
286
253
300
274
292
258
244

265
284
258
298
250
243
208
294
201
279
252
295
256
267
281
260
290
223
290
264
292
259
241

4 1251

433

1.7

269

267

2
1

1
1

1

1

Aver­ Average number of
turns each head
age
saw was operated.
number
of days
mills
oper­
ated. Day. Night. Total.

14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
19
6
4
9
4
20
9
5
7
16
8
11
23
9
9

2

2
1
1

Total num­ Aver­
age
ber of—
number
of head
saws
per
Mills. Head mill.
saws.

15
18
97
50

47
42
60
79
38

280
302
355
348
250
431
208
360
211
351
485
414
416
267
464
260
377
223
337
306
352
329
280

59

326

188
66
10
72
233
118
160
183
87

1Not including 1 mill, days not reported.

Table 6 shows the number of head saws and the average number
of days of operation in the year ending June 30, 1923, in the mills
reported. The head saws are classified by the number of days
operated. This table is divided into two groups, one showing day
turns and the other night turns.
Of the 433 head saws reported, 305, or 70 per cent, operated 260
or more days on day turns, and only 36, or 8 per cent, operated under
200 days.
Of the whole number of head saws, 433, there were 116 that worked
night turns, with an average of 220 nights each during the year.
The demand for lumber during the past two years has been heavy
and the mills have been correspondingly busy.




INTRODUCTION AND SUMM ARY,

9

T a b l e 6.—N U M BER OF HEAD SAWS A N D AVERAGE DAYS IN OPERATION, AND HEAD

SAWS IN OPERATION CLASSIFIED B Y NU M BER OF DAYS DURING THE Y E A R
EN DIN G JUNE 30, 1923, B Y STATE.
Number of head saws in operation-

Head saws.
State.

200
Num- Average Un- and
number der unher
200 der
oper- of days
ating. in oper­ days. 210
ation.
days.

210
and
un­
der
220
days.

220
and
un­
der
230
days.

230
and
un­
der
240
days.

240 250
and and
un­ un­
der
der
250 260
days. days.

275
260
and and
un­ un­
der
der
275 290
days. days.

290
and 300
un­ days
der and
300 over.
days.

On Day Turns.
Alabama.............
Arkansas............
California______
Florida________
Georgia......... .
Idaho__________
Kentucky...........
Louisiana..........
Maine..... ...........
Michigan...........
Minnesota_____
Mississippi.........
Montana______
North Carolina..
Oregon......... ......
Pennsylvania_
_
South Carolina..
Tennessee______
Texas..................
Virginia_______
Washington____
West Virginia.. .
Wisconsin...........

21
31
24
25
14
10
16
32
16
13
13
19
8
25
16
10
10
25
21
17
38
12
17

265
284
258
298
250
243
208
294
201
279
252
295
256
267
281
260
290
223
290
264
292
259
241

Total.........

433

267

2

1

4
3

11
2

Num­
ber
opera ing.

1
1
1
3

2

1
1

36

12

1

1
2

7

11

Average Un­
number der
of days
150
in oper­ days.
ation.

O ther States

Total_____

4
13
4
8
8
5
13
9
6
12
3
8
3
9
4
5
2

140
179
310
235
264
187
233
250
213
244
291
123
237
254
237
130
236

116

220

3
3
1
1
6
3

2
12

22

28

52

1

2
1
3
1

3
2
3
4
1
1

2
4
3
3
3
2
3
3
1
2
1
2
1
9
3
2
1
4
7
13
3
2
74

9
6
5
8
1
3
5

1
12
5
13
3
22
3

3

2
12

4
1

2
5

2
3
6

5
1
11
4
14

7
1
64

115

Number of head saws in operation150
and
under
160
days.

160 170 180 190 200
and and and and and
under under under under under
170 180
190 200 2 5
days. days. days. days. days.
On

Arkansas___
California______
Florida____ ____
Idaho.
Louisiana........ .
Michigan_____
Minnesota
Mississippi____
Montana______
Oregon________
South Carolina._
Texas___ _____
Virginia..............
Washington.......
West Virginia.. .
Wisconsin..........

1

3
1

1
2

1

4
2
1

2
2

2

1
2

1
2
1
1
2

2
4
5
3
1
2
1
1
4
1
4

2

2

1

2
2

1
2

2

6

1
3
1

2

3
6

Head saws.
State.

1
1
4

2
5

225
and
under
250
days.

Night Turns.
1
2

2

1

3

2
1
2
1
1
1

2

2

2
2

3

1
1

24

1

2

1

2
1

1

2
1

6

9

5
1
5
1

6
1
2

2
4

1

2
2
1

3

2

8

25

2
3
2

1

15

20

1
4

1
4

5
2

5

4

250 275
300
and and days
under under and
275 300
days. days. over

1
4

Table 7 classifies the 252 mills reported by States and by the regular
full-time or customary hours worked per day from Monday to Fri­
day, and Saturday, and per week. The classification begins with
the lowest and ends with the highest number of hours per week.
A total of 170, or 67 per cent of the mills, operated on a 60-hour per
week basis. Fourteen mills had longer than 60 hours. Thirty-nine
mills operated 48 hours per week. The hours of 29 mills were 50
and under 60 per week.




State.

}•

Alabama
Arkansas
C alifornia
F lorid a

Georgia
Idaho
Kentneky

_ _

Tvonisiana
M a in e
M iehigan
M innasnta
M ississippi
M on ta n a
N orth C arolina
Oregon
P en n sylva n ia
South C a rolin a
Tennessee
Texas
Virginia,
W ashington
W e s t V irgin ia
Wisoon.sin

Total................

14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
10
6
4
9
4
20
9
5
7
16
8
11
23
9
9
252

Number of establishments whose full-time hours Monday to Friday, Saturday, and per week were—

8* 81 8i (o)
5* 4§ 4* 4
48 48 48 48

9
5
50

10
0
50

9
9
54

9! 10 10 10* 10
5* 5 5* 5 8
54 55 55* 57* 58

4

10i 11
6! 5
59* 59| 60

l
1

10| io f 101 10* 10* 10* 10* 10
n 6! 61 7* 8* 8! 9* 10
60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60

1

3

6
1

4

1

1

1
1

1

1

2
1

1

1
2

2
7

1

1

1

1

1

2
I

1

1

1
34

1

2

1

1

1

1

5

1

12

3

4

4
5
5
3
8
7

3

1

2

l

1

4

1

1

1

5

1

3

1

6
13
6
5
4
7

1

1
3

9
6

1

1
1

2

3

2
1
5

20

.

1

11 (& 11* 11
)
10 10 9! 11
65 65 66 66
1

15
7

1

1

10* 11
10 9
62* 64

11
16

2

1

3
1

« Monday 8 hours and Tuesday to Friday 9 hours per day.
6 Monday and Wednesday 12* hours and Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday 10 hours per day.




101 10

12 142

1

1

1

2
1

1

1

1

3

1

2

6

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR. IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING.

Hours
on—
Numher oi
estab­ Monday
lish­
ments. to Friday . 8
Saturday.
Per week. 48

10

T a b l e 7.—ESTABLISHM ENTS CLASSIFIED AS TO CUSTOMARY FU LL-TIM E HOURS PE R D A Y AND PER W EE K 1923, B Y STATE.

GENERAL TABLES.

11

Table 8 shows the number of establishments reporting; number
of employees; production in board feet per 1-man hour; labor
cost per 1-man hour; and cost per 1,000 board feet in 1-man hours
and in wages. These figures are obtained from earnings of pro­
ductive wage earners only and do not include earnings of managers
or office workers, supervisory employees, maintenance and repair
workers, or saw filers.
The figures for 1921 and 1923 are brought into comparison. No
great change has occurred. The principal difference is noted in
labor cost per hour and cost in wages per 1,000 feet of lumber. The
former shows an increase in 1923 of 2.7 cents and the latter an in­
crease of 25 cents. The number of mills differs in the two years and
there have been a few substitutions of mills, but as the averages are
based on such a large number of mills it is believed the figures are
fairly comparable.
8.—NU M BER OF ESTABLISHMENTS, N U M BER OF EMPLOYEES, NUM BER
OF BOARD-FEET PRODUCED PER 1-MAN HOUR, LABOR COST PER 1-MAN HOUR,
AND COST PER 1,000 FEET IN 1-MAN HOURS AND IN WAGES, 1921 AND 1923.

T able

[This table does not include managers or office workers, supervisory employees, maintenance or repair
workers, or saw filers.]

Number of—

Year.

1921________________________
1923......................... ..................

Production Labor cost
in board
feet per 1- per 1-man
hour
Establish­ Employees. man hour.
ments.
i 276
2251

45,341
44,962

79
81

$0,335
.362

Cost per 1,000
board feet in—
1-man
hours.
12.7
12.4

Wages.

$4.24
4.49

1Not including 3 mills for which data were not reported.
2Not including 1 mill for which data were not reported.

GENERAL TABLES.

In addition to the text tables already shown, four general tables
are presented:
Table A.—Average earnings per hour, average full-time weekly
earnings, and average and classified full-time hours per week, 1923,
by occupation and State.
Table B.—Average and classified earnings per hour for employees
in 6 selected occupations, 1923, by State.
Table C.—Average and specified days of work of occupation and
average and specified days actually worked, 1923, by length of pay
period and occupation.
Table D.— Average full-time hours and earnings and actual hours
and earnings, 1923, bv occupation, length of pay period, and State.
The purpose of Table C is to show, as closely as the data will permit,
the days of work available in comparison with the days of work
actually performed. The table is divided into three sections accord­
ing to the length of the pay period covered.
The third column of the table shows the average number of days
of work in the occupation in the pay period. The mill days of opera­
tion are weighted by the number of employees in the mill, producing
the average days of work available for the occupation but not
necessarily for each individual employed in the occupation. It will
be observed in the first section of the table that most of the mills




12

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING.

worked six days in the week (a few of these, however, had a night crew
who worked but five nights) and a few mills operated but five-day turns.
Another column shows the average number of days actually worked
by the employees and the number of employees working each specified
number of days. The word “ day” as used in this table means a
calendar day worked in whole or in part. No attempt was made to
reduce any few broken days to equivalent full days, and no informa­
tion was collected as to the reason for certain employees not working
every day.
The purpose of Table D is to afford comparison of average cus­
tomary full-time hours and average hours actually worked in the pay
period and a comparison of average full-time earnings with average
actual earnings. Occasionally a mill may not work its customary
full time and hence not afford the opportunity for full-time work.
In turn, some employees for any one of many reasons may not work
full time or even the entire time of mill operation. It was not
feasible to attempt to get the reasons for broken time of individual
workers.
T a b l e A . — A V E R A G E E A R N IN G S P E R H O U R , A V E R A G E F U L L -T IM E

W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A N D A V E R A G E A N D C L A S S IF IE D F U L L ­
T I M E H O U R S P E R W E E K , 1923, B Y O C C U P A T IO N A N D S T A T E .

Aver­
Num­ age
ber of ber of full­
Occupation and State. estab­ em­ time
lish­ ploy­ hours
ments. ees.
per
week.

Sawyers, head, band:
Alabama__ _______
Arkansas__________
California__________
Florida______ _____
Georgia
___
Idaho____
_____
Kentucky.... ...........
Louisiana
_ __
Maine
___
Michigan __ ___
Minnesota
_____
Mississippi _____
Montana
___
North Carolina ___
Oregon
___
Pennsylvania
• South Carolina
Tennessee _ _______
Texas
Virginia

T ota l-.._________
Sawyers, head, circular:
Alabama

Florida__________ _
•
Georgia_____ __ _ _
Louisiana
Maine

Texas
Washington

Wisconsin.
Other States




.

12
16
9
13
6
4
12
14
8
6
4
9
4
20
8
5
6
16
8
11
21
9
9

22
31
37
24
8
21
17
34
14
18
27
37
14
26
30
10
13
22
23
22
43
18
18

60.5
60.0
55.3
60.4
58.8
48.0
58.1
60.1
67.8
58.6
60.0
59.6
51.9
60.8
48.0
60.0
61.4
58.4
58. 7
58.6
48.0
60. 0
59.4

$0,838
.823
.990
1.018
.882
.986
.649
.910
.697
.832
.871
.867
1.017
.715
1.154
.703
.848
.739
.862
.686
1.153
.671
.754

$50.70
49.38
54. 75 8
61.49
51.86
47. 33 21
37. 71
54.69
40.29
48. 76
52.26
51.67
52.78
5
43. 47
55. 39 30
42. 18
52.07
43.16
50.60
40. 20
55. 34 *43’
40. 26
44.79

230

Washington
W est Virginia
Wisconsin

Total .

Employees whose full-time hours per
Aver­
week were—
Aver­ age
age
full­
earn­ time
Over
Over
Over
ings earn­ 48 48
54
60
per
ings and and 54 and
and 66 Over
60
hour.
per un­ un­
un­
un­
66.
week. der. der
der
der
54.
60.
66.

529

57.0

.883

50.33 107

2 60.0
5 61. 2
6 63.8
7 60.0
4 57.5
5 60.0
7 48.0
4 59.9
5 56.6

.950
1.036
.532
1.011
.602
.924
1.092
.810
.715

57.00
63.40
33.94
60.66
34. 62
55.44
52. 42
48. 52
40. 47

58.2

.862

50.17

2
5
6
4
2
4
5
2
5
35

45

1

2
3

1

2
2

3

10

23

19
10
10
13
19
17

3

4
3

2

1

9

13
33
8
13
27
34

9

1

18
15

32

343

7

7

2
4
2
7
2
5

1

1
3

1

4

5
5

2
7

19
31
16
22
6

13

„

1

1
1
4

28

3

2
3

1

3
3

8

1

GENERAL TABLES.

13

T able A .— AVERAGE EARNINGS PER HOUR, AVERAGE FULL-TIME
W EEKLY EARNINGS, AND AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED FULL­
TIM E HOURS PER WEEK, 1923, B Y OCCUPATION AND STATE—
Continued.

Aver­
Num­ Num­ age
ber of ber of full­
Occupation and State. estab­ em­ time
lish­ ploy­ hours
ments. ees.
per
week.

Doggers:
Alabama___ _______

Employees whose full-time hours per
Aver­
week were—
Aver­ age
full­
age
earn­ time
Over
Over
Over
ings earn­ 48 48
54
60
ings and and 54 and
per
and 66 Over
60
hour. per un­ un­
un­
un­
66.
week. der. der
der
der
54.
60.
66.

Wisconsin_________
Other States_______

14
16
7
17
12
4
13
17
8
6
9
20
9
3
7
16
8
11
23
7
9
2

65
70
43
67
25
23
28
86
25
26
81
42
53
7
31
39
96
41
97
18
29
16

Total......................

238

1,008

57.6

.343

19.76 173

14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
9
6
4
9
4
20
9
5
7
16
8
11
23
9
9

34
32
43
36
16
32
19
41
17
22
58
53
31
27
40
14
17
28
38
22
56
24
24

60.3
60.0
55.1
60.4
61.2
48.0
58.1
60.1
57.8
58.9
60.0
59.7
52.1
60.7
48.0
60.0
60.4
58.6
58.6
59.1
48.0
60.0
59.5

.366
.374
.614
.374
.297
.637
.370
.377
.420
.529
.542
.381
.634
.339
.669
.537
.312
.380
.364
.364
.639
.449
.477

22.07
22.44
33.83 11
22.59
18.18
30.58 32
21.50
22.66
24.28
31.16
32. 52
22.75
33.03 10
20.58
32.11 40
32.22
18.84
22.27
21.33
21. 51
30.67 "56"
26.94
28.38

251

706

57.0

.474

27.02 149

14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
10
6

46
37
40
32
18
25
19
43
19
25
27
36
13
25
42

60.4
60.0
55.7
60.5
60.5
48.0
57.4
60.1
57.8
58.6
60.0
59.6
51.2
60.9
48.0

.270
.268
.493
.250
.192
.514
.316
.272
.359
.413
.419
.261
.515
.256
.567

16.31
16.08
27.46
15.13
11.62
24.67
18.14
16.35
20.75
24.20
25.14
15.56
26.37
15.59
27.22

Arkansas
C alifornia _
F lorida

Georgia____________
Idaho_____________
Kentucky_________
Louisiana__________
Maine
_
_
M i c h ig a n ___________
M i s s i s s i p p i. ______
North C arolin a

Oregon...

P en n sylva n ia
S ou th 'C a rolin a
T en n ess ee. _
Texas
V irginia
W a s h in g ton _________
West V irgin ia ___

Setters:

A labam a____________
Arkansas

California__________

F lorida
G eorgia
Tdahn
K e n tu ck y
L ouisian a
M a in e
M ich igan
M in n esota
M issiasippi
M on ta n a
N orth C arolin a

Oregon
P en n sy lv a n ia
S outh C arolin a
Tennessee

Texas _
_ _ _
Virginia _______ W ash in gton,
W est V irginia
W iscon sin

Total......................
Saw tailers on head saws:
Alabama
Arkansas
C alifornia

Florida
G eorgia
Tdaho
K e n tu c k y
L ouisian a
M a in e
M ich ig a n
M in n esota

4

Mississippi

9

M o n ta n a
N orth Carolina

4

Oregon......................

20
9

89742°— 24f------3



60.4 $0,246 $14.86
.275 16.50
60.0
56.7
.476 26.99
60.7
.263 15.96
60.8
.201 12.22
48.0
.528 25.34 23
57.8
.326 18.84
60.1
.284 17.07
59.0
.314 18.53
58.7
.467 27.41
59.7
.280 16.72
60.7
.257 15.60
48.0
.580 27.84 53
60.0
.439 26.34
60.6
.220 13.33
58.7
.302 17.73
59.2 .291 17.23
58.4
.266 15.53
48.0 .539 25.87 ’ 97"
60.0 .388 23.28
59.1
.394 23.29
58.5
.413 24.16

2
24
4
4

3

5

7
5
4
2
14

10
6

4

58
70
19
58
14
21
84
20
19
76
30
7
24
25
86
29

19

28

5

2

692
30
32
19
33
9

2
1

14
40

1

2
2

5
5
2

21

3

19

1

36

14
14
18
31
18

37

453
42
37
19
29
9

4

3

12
42
11
18
27
33

2

18

3

7

2
1
4

3

2
2

1

24
20

13

4

22

10*

4
12

16

17
58
33

1
10

7
2

3
5

58

2
3

3
6

2

7

13

1

42

1

18
22
12

1

6

6

2

4

8
25

5

7
7

8

11
3

2
1

1
4

1

3

2

14

WAGES AND HOUBS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING,

T able A .— AVERAGE EARNINGS PER HOUR, AVERAGE FULL-TIME
WEEKLY EARNINGS, AND AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED FULL­
TIM E HOURS PER W EEK, 1923, BY OCCUPATION AND STATE—
Continued.
Employees
Aver­
Aver­
age
Num­ Num­ age Aver­ full­
age
ber of ber of full­ earn­ time
Occupation and State. estab­ em­ time ings earn­ 48 Over
48
lish­ ploy­ hours
per
ments. ees.
per hour. ings and and 54
per un­ un­
week. der. der
54.
Saw tailers on head saws
—Concluded.
Pennsylvania...........
South Carolina------Tennessee.................
Texas........................
Virginia___________
Washington..............
West Virginia..........
Wisconsin.................
Total......................

60.0 $0,447 $26.82
.209 12.62
60.4
58.0 .298 17.46
.269 15.84
58.9
59.2 .281 16.64
.559 26.83 ’ 62’
48.0
.375 22.50
60.0
23.56
59.5
252

677 57.0

.364

20.75 143

61.8
60.0
61.0
63.0
61.7
58.8
48.0
58.8
48.0
60.0
56.4

.441
.460
.373
.350
.581
.477
.915
.673
.739
.475
.612

27.25
27.60
22.75
22.05
35.85
28.05
43.92
5
39.57
35.47 ’ 22’
28.50
1
34.52

56.1

.584

32.76

60.4
60.0
56.5
60.0
58.3
60.4
58.9
56.9
60.0
59.3
60.9
48.0
60.0
61.1
59.2
58.6
48.0
60.0
59.1
57.4

.415
.430
.602
.396
.393
.298
.390
.564
.475
.441
.285
.672
.493
.289
.371
.267
.655
.439
.452
.436

25.07
25.80
34.01
23.76
22.91
18.00
22.97
32.09
28.50
26.15
17.36
32.26 25
29.58
17.66
21.96
15.65
31.44 "59’
26.34
26.71
25.03

Sawyers, gang:
Alabama..................
Arkansas................. .
Florida......................
Georgia.................... .
Louisiana-------------Mississippi...............
Oregon......................
Texas— ..................
Washington.............
Wisconsin.................
Other States.............
Total......................

55

Sawyers, resaw:
Alabama...................
Arkansas..................
California.............. .
Florida......................
Georgia.................... .
Louisiana..*.............
Maine.......................
Michigan................. .
Minnesota............... .
Mississippi...............
North Carolina........
Oregon......................
Pennsylvania...........
South Carolina....... .
Tennessee.................
Virginia....................
Washington.............
West Virginia..........
Wisconsin.................
Other States.............

80

28

Total......................

131

55.7

27.46

Edgermen:
Alabama...................
Arkansas..................
California.................
Florida......................
Georgia.....................
Idaho.........................
Kentucky.................
Louisiana..................
Maine........................
Michigan..................
Minnesota................
Mississippi...............
Montana...................
North Carolina........
Oregon......................
Pennsylvania...........

14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
10
6
4
9
4
20
9
5

60.5
60.0
55.2
60.5
60.2
48.0
58.3
60.1
58.5
58.6
60.0
59.6
51.9
60.6
48.0
60.0

.350 21.18
.390 23.40
.659 36.38 8
.429 25.95
.351 21.13
.663 31.82 22
.387 22. 56
.388 23. 32
.468 27.38
.509 29.82
.510 30.60
.382 22. 77
5
.712 36.95
.336 20.36
52
.790 37.92
.525 31.50




84

whose full-time hours per
week were—
Over
54
and
un­
der
60.

Over
60
and
Over
un­ 66 66.
der
66.

60

1

15
14
17
35
20

1
11
6
2

4

437

2

8
4
9
1
5
2

1

8

12
1

1

1
1

1

1

5
5
3

1
2

1

42

3

1

15
12
7
6
2
11
11
3
6
6
12

10
i
1

2
5

1

1
1

1

1

4
1
19

135

2

26
46
18
30
10

3
2

1

1

2

4
13
2

12

1

5
9
5
6

1

1

1

25
19

44

12 21

2

24
4
2

2

4

9

12
64
12
18
43
48

2

20

5
7

9

2

2

6
3

2
1

1
3

1

2

2

2

GENERAL TABLES.

15

T a b l e A . — A V E R A G E E A R N IN G S P E R H O U R , A V E R A G E F U L L -T IM E

W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A N D A V E R A G E A N D C L A S S IF IE D F U L L ­
T I M E H O U R S P E R W E E K , 1923, B Y O C C U P A T IO N A N D S T A T E —
Continued.

Num­ Num­
ber of ber of
estab­ em­
lish­ ploy­
ments. ees.

Occupation and State.

Edgermen—Concluded.
South Carolina

Aver­
age
full­
time
hours
per
week.

Employees whose full-time hours per
Aver­
week were—
Aver­ age
full­
age
earn­ time
Over
Over
Over
ings earn­ 48 48
54
60
ings and and
per
and
and 66 Over
60
hour.
per un­ un­ 54 un­
un­
66.
week. der. der
der
der
54.
60.
66.

60.7 $0.301 $18.27
58.8
.385 22.64
59.0
.392 23.13
59.0
.353 20.83
48.0
.759 36.43 "~59
60.0
.468 28.08
.474 28.20
59.5

Texas
Virginia___________
Washington ______
West Virginia______
Wisconsin

7
16
8
11
23
9
9

19
27
50
21
59
19
24

Total......................

252

738

57.1

.492

28.09 146

14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
10
6
4
9
4
20
9
5
7
16
8
11
23
9
9

24
23
29
21
13
10
13
27
17
17
32
34
12
25
35
15
12
18
20
•19
57
16
15

60.5
60.0
55.9
60.5
61.8
48.0
58.0
60.2
58.2
58.5
60.0
59.7
52.0
60.7
48.0
60.0
60.8
58.1
58.5
58.4
48.0
60.0
59.6

.283
.317
.564
.336
.222
.578
.354
.333
.331
.475
.426
.323
.496
.283
.732
.452
.244
.335
.339
.304
.687
.396
.424

17.12
19.02
31.53
20.33
13.72
27.74
20.53
20.05
19.26
27.79
25.56
19.28
25.79
17.18
35.14
27.12
14.84
19.46
19.83
17.75
32.98
23. 76
25.27

252

504

56.9

.430

24.47 110

13
12
2
9
6
4
16
9
3
4
8
4
11
4
5
8
2
9
5
8
1

51
116
4
21
15
55
107
13
19
41
86
34
53
8
10
80
4
111
10
61
1

60.4
60.0
57.0
60.3
61.4
48.0
60.1
58.8
59.7
60.0
59.9
50.6
60.0
60. 0
59.1
61. 5
61.9
48.0
60.0
60. 0
58.0

.241
.277
.478
.239
.195
.524
.270
.341
.407
.433
.305
. 521
.253
.500
.355
.293
.243
.547
.377
.379
.600

14.56
16.62
27.25
14. 41
11.97
25.15 55
16.23
20.05
24.30
25.98
18.27
26.36 19
15.18
30.00
20.98
18.02
15.04
26.26 111
22.62
22.74
34.80

143

900

57.6

.355

20.45 185

14
16
9
17

1,507
2,274
1,050
1,210

60.6
60.1
56. 5
60.6 J

. 199 12.06
.240 14.42
.456 25.76
.204 12.36

Trimmer operators:
Alabama __________
ArVansas
Plnrida
Georgia __________
Tdaho
_ __
Kentucky. _______
Maine
_ _______
Michigan _ _______
Minnesota
M ississippi
Montana _
North Carolina
•Oregon
Pennsylvania
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas

Virginia

__________

W ashington
W est Virginia
Wisconsin

Total......................
Machine feeders, plan­
ing mills:
Alabama______ 1___
Arkansas

■California. ____ ___
Florida
•Georgia
Idaho

TiOnisiana

Maine
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Montana
North Carolina
Pennsylvania

Tennessee.
Texas
Virginia
Washington
W est Virginia
Wisconsin

Other States
Total......................
Laborers:
Alabama_______
Arkansas

California______
Florida......................




i

1
10
1

7
2

15
17
43
17

4

4

33

42

487
21
23
13
19
7

12
i

10
2

9
26
11
12
32
32

2

1

5
5
2

4

8

19

2

35

15
10
10
16
14

1

57"

8

4
3

1

21

31

317

2
1

2
3
1

2
1
1

15

5
4
1
4
1

460

12
2

1
2

1
3

1

2

2
1

1

7

9

4

45
116
2
20
6

1
6

104
10
18
41
85

3

43
8
6
60
3

3

2
20

10
57

24

634

71
78

18

7

16

3
9

1

19
20

1

11

3

1,279
2,262
512
1,077

6

33

2 149
80

51

6
12
2

16
T

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING.

A . — A V E R A G E E A R N IN G S P E R H O U R , A V E R A G E F U L L -T I M E
W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A N D A V E R A G E A N D C L A S S IF IE D F U L L ­
T I M E H O U R S P E R W E E K , 1923, B Y O C C U P A T IO N A N D S T A T E —
Concluded.

able

Aver-.
Num­ Num­ age
ber of ber of .full­
Occupation and State. estab­ em­ time
lish­ ploy­ hours
per
ments. ees.
week

Employees whose full-time hours per
Aver­
week were—
Aver­ age
full­
age
Over
Over
earn­ time
Over
54
48
48
ings earn­
60
per
ings and and 54 and
and 66 Over
60
un­
hour. per
un­
un­ un­
66.
week. der. der
der
der
54.

60.

66.

Laborers—Concluded.
Georgia
Tdaho_ .

_____

■Kentucky- -

Tynm'siana
M aine . _

_

Michigan________
Minnesota ___

Mississippi_______
Montana*........ ......
North Carolina___
Oregon
Pennsylvania

South Carolina___

Tennessee
Texas

Virginia_________
Washington______
West Virginia____
Wisconsin _ _

Total...................
Other employees:
Alabama_________
Arkansas _

_ _

California________

Florida
Georgia

Idaho___________
"Kentucky

___

Louisiana * _____
M aine
Michigan
......
M in n eso ta________
Mississippi
Montana

North Carolina___
Oregon
Pennsylvania

South Carolina___

Tennessee_________

Texas____________
Virginia f

Washington______
West Virginia____
Wisconsin..............
Total...................




12
4
13
17
10
6
4
9
4
20
9
5
7
16
8
11
23
9
9

60.7 $0,160
.490
48.0
.272
58.5
60.4
.228
58.1
.300
58.9
.377
60.1
.394
59.9
.231
50.9
.473
.2 10
60.3
.514
48.0
60.0
.400
60.4
.166
58.5
.261
59.8
.256
.242
59.9
48.1
.499
60.0
.348
59.8
.351

$9.71
23.52
389
15.91
13.77
17.43
22.21
23.68
13.84
24.08
235
12.66
24 67 1,194
24 00
10.03
15.27
15.31
14 50
24 00 3,030
20.88
20.99

57.5

.310

17.83 4,926

681
831
760
645
413
464
275
1,108
285
494
565
1,433
358
560
625
195
309
614
683
366
1,658
295
689

62.9
62.7
57.8
63.9
62.9
48.7
58.9
64.4
60.1
61.5
62.1
61.6
52.5
64.3
49.6
61.5
64.4
59.9
62.5
63.1
49.6
62.4
61.2

.292
.348
.558
.358
.268
.571
.355
.358
.385
.423
.463
.366
.528
.273
.608
.473
.315
.350
.340
.325
.591
.395
.398

18.37
2
21.82
64
32.25
22.88
16.86
421
27.81
20.91
23.06
23.14.
3
26.01
28.75
6
22.55
27.72
157
17.55
30.16
518
29.09
20.29
20.97
21.25
20.51
29.31 1,401
24 65
2 4 36
6

252 14,306

59.4

.417

24 77 2,578

703
389
414
2,579
341
690
806
1,970
'429
1,261
1,194
268
679
849
1,347
684
3,058
532
1,082

252 25,316
14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
10
6
4
9
4
20
9
5
7
16
8
11
23
9
9

98

73

323
% 416
217
533
801
1,886

102

1,005

348
8

268
600
501
1,184
558

92

26

436

39

51

106

191

96
28

1

532
990

98
156

54 114

111

30

1
27

1
42

1
5
11
2
1

78

1

61

6

443 526

76

5

49
3

1
9

17
66

125
1 11
53
112
58

90

28~

175 705 1,085 17,380

298

41
17
49
87
43
56

34
18
1
163

55
65
35
24
35
100
17
193

41
6
32"

10
200

464
695
296
515
191
166
770
180
375
480
1,210
343
183
207
367
472
279

118

256
501

81 512 1,145

7,950

1
45 ’ 39"
2
21
1
30
1

15
1
1
26
31
30

18
1
2

—

18
254
27
53
70
160
12
126
6
12
54
54
140
53
24
39
62

137 280 1,623.

T able B .— AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR FOR EMPLOYEES IN 6 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS,

1923, BY STATE.

Num o
ber f—
O
ccupation and State.

12

16
9
13
6
4
12
14

8

6

4
9
4

20
8

5
6
16
8

W
ashington..
W V
est irginia.
W
isconsin_
Total...
S
etters:
Alabam
a.....
Arkansas.....
California....
Florida.......
G
eorgia.......
Idaho.........
Kentucky__
Louisiana.....
M
aine........
M
ichigan.....
M
innesota_
M
ississippi...
M
ontana.....




11

21

9
9
20
3
14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
9
6
4
9
4

22
2
4
8

21

17
3
4
14
18
2
7
3
7
14
2
6
3
0
10
13
22
2
3
22
4
3
18
18
69
2
3
4
3
2
4
3
3
6
16
3
2
19
4
1
17

22
68

3
5
3
1

1

$ ,8 8
03
.8 3
2
.9 0
9
1.0
18

2

4

6
2
1

3

7
3

.6 9
4
.910
.697
.8
32
.871
.8 7
6
1.017
.716
1.164
.70
3
.8 8
4
.739

1

3

4
3

3
2
4
5

6

2
6
2
2
1
0
2
0

5

1
0

3

6

6
1

1
2

1

1.153
.671
.764

6

8
2

1

15
2

4
3
13

8

1
.374
.614
.374
.297
.637
.370
.377
.529
.38
1
.6
34

7

2
0
1
2
8

5

2

2

2
1

1
1
2
2

4

13

4
4

14
9
8

1
2

17
7
4
13
4

1
1
1

17

1
1

6

3

2
5

2
1
5

6
2
0
6
2
8

19
9
3
2
7

2

3
2

1

15
5
6

4

6

2
3

2

2
9
3
14

7
5
3

2
2
2
1
2
3
1
3
16
1
1
4

1

6

6
8
2
1
2

3
14
3

3

1

5

1
0
1

1

3

17

8

2

1

4
4

1
6

17

14

12
8

113

4
7

5
6

2
5

2
2

GENERAL TABLES.

Saw
yers, head, band:
Alabam
a.........
Arkansas..........
California........ .
Florida........... .
G
eorgia...........
Idaho..............
Kentucky.........
Louisiana........ .
M
aine............ .
M
ichigan..........
M
innesota_ _
_
M
ississippi__...
M
ontana...... .
North Carolina.
O
regon........... .
Pennsylvania__
South Carolina-..

Em
ployees w
hose earn gs per hour w
in
ere—

A
verage
14 16 18 2
0 5
8
0 9
0 1.0 1.10
0
0
0
0 d 0
in
Estab­ Em­ earn gs Un­ and and and and 2 and 3 and 4 and 5 and 6 an 7 and and cen $ 0 $
ts
$ 5
1.2
p h u d u d under under u
er o r. er n er
lish­ p
nder under under under under under under u
and and and and
14 16 18 2
loyees.
3
0
5
0
6
0
7
0
4
0
8
0 nder u d under u
nder
m
ents.
0 25 cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. 9 n er $1.10 $1.25. over.
0
cen cen cents. cents. cents.
ts. ts.
.
cen $.0 .
ts. 1 0

1923, BY STATE—Continued.

0 5
14 16 18 2
8
0 9
0 1.0 1.10
A
verage
0
0and 0
0
1.2
earn gs Un­ and * n and and 2 and 3 and 4 and 5nder 6 and 70and and cents $ 0 $
in
under under under and and and $ 5
er
Estab­ Em­ per h u d u d u» d u d under under under under u
and
der n er
o r. 14 n er n
3
0
4
0
5
0
6
0
7
0
8
0
lish­ ployees.
0 25 cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. 9 under under under over.
0
16 18 2
cents. cen cen cen cents.
m
ents.
ts. ts. ts.
cents. $ 0 $ . $ 5
1.0 . 1.10 1.2 .

O
ccupationand State.

Setters—Concluded.

2
0
9
5
7
16

V
irgin**
W
ashington ________
W V
est irginia
W
isconsin......................
'T t-ftl
n
Sawtailers onhead saw
s:
A
labam
a
A sas
rkan
California
Florida
C
oorgia
Idaho
__- 'K
entucky
Tunisians
-- -_
M
aine
- - __
M
ichigan -_
M
innesota
___
M
ississippi
__ _
M
ontana
N
orth Carolina
Oregon.__________
Pfinnsylvania
S o -hCarolina
n^
Ten
nessee
T atar

_ _ _
_ _

Virginia
- W
ashington
W Virginia
est
W
isconsin......................
T tftl
n




8
1
1

2
3
9
9
21
5

14
16
9
17
1
2
4
13
17

1
0
6
4
9
4

2
0
9
5
7
16

8
1
1

2
3
9
9
22
5

2
7
4
0
14
17
2
8
3
8
2
2
5
6
2
4
2
4
76
0
4
6
3
7
4
0
3
2
18
2
5
19
4
3
19
2
5
2
7
3
6
13
2
5
4
2
15
17
2
8
4
1
2
4
6
2

.270
.2 8
6
.4 3
9
.2
50
.192
.514
.316
.272
.359
.413
.419
.261
.515
.256
.567
.4
47
.2 9
0
.2 8
9
.2 9
6
.28
1
.559
.375
.3 6
9
.3 4
6

1

2
0

2
3
6
77

4

3

8

5

$ ,3 9
03
.6 9
6
.537
.312
.3 0
8
.3 4
6
.3 4
6
.6
39
.4 9
4
.477
.4
74

1
2

1
3
8
2

1

5

2

1

5

1

7

1
1

2
2
6
1
0
1

3
1

19
1

1
0

1
1

2
4
16
4

5
16

2

2

2

2
1
2

1
1
6

18

15

1

5
5

1

5

1
0

4

10
3

15
2
9
4

5

8

7
4

1
8
15
6
7
2
7
7

1
0
1
1
6

2
8
9
14
6

16
4

8
1
1
8
12
2

1
2
0

17

1

7
16
16
157

3
14

3
8

1

2

14
5

13
6

3
1

2

3
14

2
6

*

2
5

*

4

8
8

8

18
2
5
7
14

1
0

3
14

1
4
2
9
15
12
4

5
3
1

1

51

1
1
1

1
1

_
13
9

2
3

1
-

WAGES AND HOUBS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING.

Em
ployees w
hose earn gs per hour w
in
ere—

N ber o
um
f—

18

T able B .— AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR FOR EMPLOYEES IN 6 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS,

Edgermen:
Alabama...........
Arkansas...........
California.........
Florida..............
Georgia.............
Idaho.................
Kentucky.........
Louisiana..........
Maine................
Michigan..........
Minnesota........
Mississippi.......
Montana...........
North Carolina.
Oregon..............
Pennsylvania__
South Carolina.
Tennessee.........

.350

Virginia.........
Washington.
West Virginia.
Wisconsin___
Total.

1




.241
.277
.478
.239
.195
.524
.270
.341
.407
.433
.305
.521
.253
.500
.355
.293
.243
.547
.377
.379
.600

900

.355

15
55
107
13
19
41

86
34
53

8
10
80
4

111

10

61
143

21

.492

21

Texas..
Virginia..........
Washington..
West Virginia.
Wisconsin___
Other States..
Total.

738
51
116
4

252

Machine feeders, planing mills:
Alabam a..................... ......
Arkansas.............................
California............................
Florida................................
Georgia................................
Idaho___________________
Louisiana.............................
Maine..................................
Michigan.............................
Minnesota...........................
Mississippi..........................
Montana.............................
North Carolina...................
Pennsylvania-.....................

11

14

15

27

201

194

110

11
24

13

GENERAL TABLES.

.429
.351
.663
.387
.388
.468
.509
.510
.382
.712
;336
.790
.525
.301
.385
.392
.353
.759
.468
.474

27

10

95

12

16

152

170

232

124

16

CO

Occupation and State.

Laborers:
Alabama..
Arkansas..
California.
Florida.—
Georgia...
Idaho____
Kentucky.
Louisiana .
Maine___
Michigan...........
Minnesota.........
Mississippi........
Montana...........
North Carolina.
Oregon...............
Pennsylvania...
South Carolina..
Texas.______
Virginia___...
Washington...
West Virginia.
Wisconsin___
Total.




Average
earnings
Estab- Employ- per hour. under 10 and 12 and 14 and 16 and 18 and 20 and 25 and 30 and 40 and 50 and 60 and 70 and
under
lishunder
under
under under under
under under under under under under
ees.
lOcents. 12cents. 14cents. 16cents. 18cents. 20 cents. 25 cents. 30 cents. 40 cents. 50 cents. 60 cents. 70cents. 80 cents.
ments.

14
16
9
17
12
4
13
17
10
6
4
9
4
20
9
5
16
8
11
23
9
9

1,507
2,274
1,050
1,210
703
389
414
2,579
341
690
806
1,970
429
1,261
1,194
268
679
849
1,347
684
3,058
532
1,082

$ai99
.240
.456
.204
.160
.490
.272
.228
.300
.377
.394
.231
.473
.210
.514
.400
.166
.261
.256
.242
.499
.348
.351

252

25,316

.310

7

4

167
101

735
1,158

133
743

5
24

9
125

66
238

199
207

118
3

673
104

133
1

3

3
129
2

6
150

3
303

102
1,144
22

124
646
127
2

5

2

12

39

11

1,364

516

1

61

181

296

95

277

219

51

168

4

2

291
41

5

1

92
8

5

1

62

2
27

326
9
40
33

40
1
34
16

1
80
190
477
268

12

23
223
59
7
159
198
182
472
405
21
1
128
1
23

714

276

1

297
9
3
8
215
398

73

19

384
2
265
244

1
1
3
32

12

865

63

3
2
4

56

322

928

1,637

892

474
605
243
1
11
50

175
187
93
4
439
957

1,659
77
73

1,373
2

19

2

6,600

4,028

3,757

4,350

2,626

114

2

2

WAGES AND HOUBS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING.

Employees whose earnings per hour were—

Number of—

■20

T able B .—-AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR FOR EMPLOYEES IN 6 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS,
1923, BY STATE— Concluded.

T able C .— AVERAGE AND SPECIFIED DAYS OF WORK OF OCCUPATION AND AVERAGE AND SPECIFIED DAYS
ACTUALLY WORKED, 1923, BY LENGTH OF PAY PERIOD AND OCCUPATION.
ONE-WEEK PAY PERIOD.

Number
of
estab­
lish­
ments.

Occupation.

Sawyers, head, band___________________________
___
Sawyers, head, circular
_
Saw tailers on head saws_______________________
Sawyers, gan g_

Sawyers, resaw_____________ __________________
Edgermen_____________________________ ______ _
Trimmer operators____________________________
Machine feeders, planing m ills.............. ................
Laborers

, ..........

Other employees......................... ............. ................




95
14
103
106
107
20
59
107
107
65
107
107

5.9
6.0
5.9
5.9
5.9
6.0
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
6.0
6.0

1 Including 5 mills that ran 6 days and 5 nights.
2Including 1 mill that ran 6 days and 5 nights.
2 Including 4 mills that ran 6 days and 5 nights.

2
2
2
2
1
2
2
4
2
2

193
14
1 101
1 104
1105
*20
»58
1 105
1105
2 61
4105
* 105

187
20
393
231
237
25
93
267
174
302
9,485
5,244

5.9
6.0
5.4
5.5
5.4
5.7
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.5
5.2
5.8

1
9
9
6
3
4
1
5
334
94

1
13
2
10
2
2
8
3
8
391
97

1

11

16
6
3

26
10
14
2
4
6
7
19
714
191

46
22
31

4
7
4
4
483
123

4Including 3 mills that ran 6 days and 5 nights.
^Including 2 mills that ran 6 days and 5 nights.

8
24
15
53
1,558
472

173
20
277
172
167
17
69
214
133
199
5,753
3,162

6
10
6
4
3
4
11
14
252
1,105

GENERAL TABLES,

____
......

"Doggers
Setters

Number of establish­
Average .Number of employees in occupation who in pay period
Average ments in which days
number of of work of occupation Number number of
worked on specified number of days.
days work­
days of
in pay period were—
of em­
work of ocployees. ed by employees in
cupation in
pay period.
pay period.
2
4
3
6
1
5
7
5
6

to

Tabus C .— AVERAGE AND SPECIFIED DAYS OF WORK OF OCCUPATION AND AVERAGE AND SPECIFIED DAYS
ACTUALLY WORKED, 1923, BY LENGTH OF PAY PERIOD AND OCCUPATION— Concluded.

22

TWO-WEEK OR HALF-MONTH PAY PERIOD.

WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING.

Occupation.

Sawyers, head, band.......................
ffftwyArSj hflfl.dj niriuilar
Doggers............................................
Setters..............................................
Saw tailers on head saws.................
Sawyers, gang
_
_ ___ _
fSftwyars, resaw
__
Edgermen.........................................
Trimmer operators..........................
Machine feeders, planing mills
Laborers__ _____________________
Other employees..............................




Num­
ber
of
estab­
lish­
ments.

82
14
81
88
88
25
42
88
88
53
88
88

Average
Average Number of establishments in
number
which days of work of occu­ Num­ number
of days
of days of
pation in pay period were— ber
of
worked
work o f
emby emoccupaploy- ployees
tion
ees. in pay
in pay
8
9 10 11 12 13 14
period.
period.
12.8
12.6
12.7
12.8
12.8
12.7
12.8
12.8
12.8 ‘ T
12.9 9 1
12.9
12.8 . . . .

1

1

2
2 "T
i
2
1
i

2
1

2
1

1
1

1
1

1
1
3
2
3

16
5
15
15
15
5
4
‘ T 16
3 17
6
1 17
1 14

8 56
8

7

7 55 “T

6 61
8 60
18
8 35
8 59
8 59
45
8 60
63

7
7
1
2
7
6
1
8
8

215
16
381
309
204
36
92
314
211
4i6
9,770
5,754

Number of employees in occupation who in pay period worked on
specified number of days.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1
1
2
1
1 2 2
12.3
1
12.0
9
9 12 17 11 16 18
9.6 18 23
3
6
6
3
7 __ 9
11.1
8 10
7
1
6
6
4 9
5
5
10.6 14
2
1
2
11.9
1 2
2
1
6
11.5
3
4
5
7
9
6
4
11.4
8
6
2
5
3
5
3
6 ... 2
11.4
8
6 12 12
8
7 8
11.4
2
6
6
10.4 316 325 279 260 328 289 263 301 390
11.9 116 98 62 65 80 95 80 91 121

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

11 11 22
146 13 2
5
1
8
1
56
98 10 3 __
39 42
1
38
153 16 4
20 25
44
106 12 3
20 22
6
18 2 4 . . . .
1
"T
11
53 6 2
3
47
165 18 3 ” _2
14 13
30
103 21 3
9 11
59
215 16 3 . . . .
18 38
559 833 1,389 3,759 354 101 24
215 324 650 2,522 435 705 95

ONE-MONTH PAY PERIOD.

Occupation.

N um ­
ber of
estab­
lish
ments.

Number of es­
Average tablishments
Average
number in which days N um ­ number
of work of
of days
ber of of days
occupation
worked
of work
em­
o f occu­ in pay period ploy­ b y em­
were—
ployees
pation in
ees.
in pay
pay
period.
period.
22 23 24 25 26 27
25.8 1 1 1 5 40 5

127

23.6

7
54
57

7
26.0
25.9 1 1 I 4 42 _5
25.8 1 1 1 5 44 5

9
234
166

25.9
19.4
20.9

57
10
30
57
57

25.8 1 1 1
26.1
26.0
25.9 1 1 1
26.0 1
1

5
2
4
5
5

176
19
74
157
119

20.4
20. 7
22.5
22.1
23.2

25
57
57

2 20 2
25.9 1
25.9 1
’ I 4 46 5
25.9 1 -- 1 5 45 5

182
6,061
3,308

6 43
1 7
3 23
5 44
5 45

2

1
5
2
3
1
1

3
3

4
1

5
1

6
1

7

8

1

5
2

8
2

3
2

5
3

5
1

3
1

5

3

1
1

2
1
1
1
2

1

1

4

2
1
3

3

1

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

1

1
4

2
4

9

1
2

I
1

1

3

1

2
4

2
1

7
3

9
2

4
3

5
5

4

6
7

3

1

2
1

4

3

3
1

6

3

1
1
1

4
1

i
1

3
1

1

_

1
3

I

2
1

2

3

5
3

4
5

5
3

8 17
2 4

4

6

1
8
1

2
2
2

1
6
3

3 11
1
2 1
3 7
1 5

5

3
1

1

26

27 28 29 30 31
1

6 14

75

8

1
7 10 21
7 12 19

8
71
63

7
1
3’2

4 24
3
1 4 11
6 12 15
4 3 14

60
8
34
68
68

5
2
6
1
6 "I
1 1

3

9

1

64 3 2
1 1 2 7 10 15 39
4 5 2 1 1 3 2 6 2
3
3 2 3
21.9 1
18.4 120 148 169 185 139 147 102 123 113 116 131 137 130 114 122 115 147 132 145 162 166 203 265 404 541 1,584 154 22 12 10 3
22.6 25 41 28 40 36 41 35 37 24 26 39 36 31 36 50 37 39 50 58 59 61 84 94 166 275 1,179 197 80 77 286 41

6 Including 3 mills that ran 13 days and 10 nights.
7 Including 4 mills that ran 13 days and 10 nights.




1

8 Including 2 mills that ran 13 days and 10 nights.
•Operated 4 days.

G EN ERAL TABLES.

53

Sawyers, head, hand.
Sawyers, head, Cir­
cular
"Doggers
8p.ttp.rs
Saw tailers on head
saws
SawyerSj gang
8a.wyp.rSj resaw
Edgprmen
Trim m er operators. _
M achine f e e d e r s ,
planing mills
Laborers____________
Other employees.......

Number of employees in occupation who in pay period worked on specified number of days.

fcO
00

24

WAGES AND HOUKS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING,

T able D .— AVERAGE

F U L L -T IM E H O U R S A N D E A R N IN G S A N D
A V E R A G E A C T U A L H O U R S A N D E A R N IN G S , 1923, B Y O C C U P A T IO N ,
L E N G T H O F P A Y P E R IO D , A N D S T A T E .

Occupation, pay period, and
State.

Number
Average
of
Number of full-time
establish­ employees. hours per
ments
pay period.

Average
actual
hours
worked.

Average
full-time
earnings
per pay
period.

Average
actual
earnings.

SAW YERS, HEAD, BAND.

One week:
Alabama........................... .
Florida.................................
Georgia..................................
Kentucky_____ ___________
Louisiana...............................
Maine................................
Mississippi.......... ..................
North Carolina_____ ______
South Carolina____________
Tennessee...........................
Virginia......................... ........
Wisconsin.......................
Other States................... .
Total..................................

8
9
6
6
13
8
13
6
10
4
2
5

16
18
8
8
32
14
17
16
13
12
9
4
20

60.8
60.6
58.8
56.0
60.2
57.8
59.1
61.4
61.4
57.6
56.7
60.0
54.0

53.2
60.6
55.9
50.5
59.2
57.1
57.4
61.2
60.3
57.7
60.1
58.5
53.3

95

187

58.9

57.5

Total..................................
One month:
Alabama..............................
Arkansas................................
California-............................
Florida.................... ......
Idaho.....................................
Michigan.............. ................
North Carolina___________
Oregon............... ...............
Virginia................................
Washington...........................
West Virginia______ ______
Other States......... ..............
Total..................................

2
13
4
2
2
6
4
3
3
4
5
4
6

$46.02
60.53
49.31
32.16
54.12
39.80
51.18
42.99
51.14
47.18
43.18
42.56
55.61

50.54
= = = = = = =

Two weeks or one-half month:
Alabama_____________ ____
Arkansas........... .................
California_________________
Florida..................................
Id a h o ...__________________
Kentucky____ ____________
Michigan_________________
Minnesota.________ _______
Mississippi______ _____
Montana.................... .
Oregon________________
Pennsylvania........................
Tennessee..............................
Texas______ _____ ________
Virginia.................... ............
Washington_______________
Wisconsin............. .........
Other States..........................

5

$52.59
60.60
51.86
35. 67
55.02
40.29
52.72
43.30
51.90
47.12
40. 77
43. 68
56.38

49.34
=======

2
6
7
2

2
25
15
3
8
9
10
21
12
14
21
9
10
21
3
14
14
4

124.2
129.7
128.1
133.3
104.0
123.4
123.1
130.0
130.0
113.6
104.1
130.0
132.0
127.3
123.3
104.0
127.8
125.0

115.9
127.8
127.8
135.3
104.0
98.8
119.6
125.0
108.6
110.0
97.3
121.1
124.1
123.3
119.5
96.0
122.9
122.5

75. 76
106.48
110.93
129.30
103.49
81.32
93.68
110. 37
109. 46
115. 53
118.05
91.00
85. 91
108.08
66. 71
117.00
97. 38
100.13

70.70
104. 91
110. 65
131.33
103.49
65.10
91.00
106.18
91.43
111. 89
110.40
84.74
79.92
104. 68
64.64
108.02
93.69
98.13

82

215

122.5

116.3

105. 47

100.11

2
2
4
2
2
2
6

4
4
14
3
13
8
8

260.0
260.0
245.4
266.7
208.0
270.0
259.0
207.4
263.0
208.1
260.0
258.8

234.8
256.5
228.8
266.7
207.8
258.5
223.6
206.5
227.5
192.7
221.2
159.7

219.44
216. 32
249. 57
312. 49
203.84
248.40
188. 81
249. 29
183.84
242. 67
174. 46
216. 36

198.15
213.49
232.79
312.49
203.70
237.88
162.97
248.16
159.02
224. 56
148. 40
133. 50

7

3

5
14
9
2

9

10
27
18
9

53

127

239.2

214.8

223.17

200.45

2
2
2

60.0
59.5
63.0
60.0
57.5
58.3

57.00
63.42
39.00
60.69
36.12
49.13

57.00
62.88
39.00
60.69
34.63
49.13

SAWYERS, HEAD, CIRCULAR.

One week:
Alabama_________________
Florida_____ _____________
Georgia....................... ........
Louisiana______ __________
Maine............................
Other States..........................

4

2
2
2
7

2
2

4
3

60.0
60.0
63.0
60.0
60.0
58.3

Total.................................

14

20

60.1

Two weeks or half month:
Georgia...................... ...........
Texas..________ __________
Washington______________
Wisconsin____ ___________
Other States.........................

3
3
2

3
3

2

4

4
4

138.3
130.0
104.0
130.0
121.0

127.6
113.5
104.0
99.3
119.8

67.08
109. 59
107. 90
105. 30
96. 92

61.88
95.65
107.90
80.40
95.91

Total.................................

14

16

126.1

113.0

97.22

87.10




2

59.5
51. 93
51.42
========= ========== ========

GENERAL TABLES.

25

T able D .— AVERAGE FULL-TIME HOURS AND EARNINGS AND
AVERAGE ACTUAL HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1923, BY OCCUPATION,
LENGTH OF PAY PERIOD, AND STATE— Continued.

Occupation, pay period, and
State.

Number
Average
Number of full-time
of
establish­ employees. hours per
ments.
pay period.

Average
actual
hours
worked.

Average
full-time
earnings
per pay
period.

Average
v actum
earnings.

SAWYERS, HEAD, CIRCULAR—
concluded.
One month:
Florida.................................
Washington..........................
Other States..........................

2
3
2

2
5
2

27a 0
208.0
270.0

270.5
206.4
247.5

$282.28
231.50
168.21

$179.70
229.66
154.25

7

9

23a 2

229.8

230.30

224.00

One week:
Alabama................................
Florida..................................
Georgia................................ .
Kentucky..............................
Louisiana..............................
Maine....................................
Mississippi............................
North Carolina.....................
South Carolina.....................
Tennessee..............................
Virginia.................................
Wisconsin.............................
Other States.........................

10
10
8
7
16
8
5
13
7
10
4
2
3

43
44
19
12
82
25
33
29
31
23
21
5
26

60.7
60.7
60.6
54.8
60.1
59.0
59.2
61.1
60.6
58.1
56.9
60.0
58.2

49.0
59.3
50.3
49.5
54.8
59.0
54.1
56.9
52.0
48.3
55.4
60.2
47.9

15.18
16.87
12.85
ia 36
17.13
18.53
17.11
14.54
13.33
17.66
13.88
23.76
19.79

12.23
ia s o
10.64
ia58
15.65
18.53
15.63
13.52
11.45
14.67
13.49
23.85
16.28

Total............................. .
DOGGERS.

Total................................ .

103

393

59.7

53.7

ia48

14.82

Two weeks or half month:
Alabama................................
Arkansas...............................
California..............................
Florida.......................... ........
Georgia.................................
Idaho........................... .........
Kentucky..............................
Michigan...............................
Mississippi.......................... .
Oregon...................................
Pennsylvania...................... .
Tennessee............................
Texas,...................................
Virginia.................................
Washington..........................
Wisconsin..............................
Other States..........................

2
13
4
3
3
2
6
4
3
6
2
6
7
2
7
7
4

5
58
22
11
5
11
16
15
30
29
5
16
78
4
28
24
24

126.3
129.8
m 2
130.9
m o
104.0
m o
123.8
130.2
105.6
130.0
130.1
m 2
122.5
104.0
125.0
126. 2

97.5
108. 5
108. 7
82.7
97.3
74.0
73.4
88.6
96.0
84.2
63.0
98.0
71.1
119.1
89.0
80.0
97.6

31.20
35.44
58.20
30.24
23.46
55.22
40.83
53.61
35.67
65.47
58.11
3a 77
3a 28
32.71
5a 26
49.13
44.30

24.06
29.61
49.39
19.12
16.56
39.35
23.45
38.37
26.31
52.24
2a 14
29.25
20.13
31.85
48.18
31.48
34.20

Total..................................

81

381

124.1

88.9

44.43

31.86

One month:
Alabama...............................
Arkansas...............................
California..............................
Florida..................................
Idaho.....................................
Michigan...............................
North Carolina.....................
Oregon...................................
Virginia.................................
Washington..........................
West Virginia.......................
Other States...................... .

2
2
3
4
2
2
6
3
5
15
7
3

17
8
21
12
12
11
9
24
16
65
18
21

260.0
260.0
241.5
270.7
208.0
270.0
258.8
207.4
262.5
208.5
260.0
258.9

138.4
228. 2
181.8
238.3
160.7
204.4
253.5
153.5
205.3
158.9
176.6
133.7

60.84
80.08
120.27
64.16
109.20
m 78
sa 51
110.13
75.60
111.96
100.88
74.82

32.45
70.27
90.54
56.58
84.37
105.05
86.58
81.56
59.15
85.31
6a 59
38.59

Total..................................

54

234

237.0

173.0

100.01

73.23

10
10
8
7
16
9
5
13
7

22
23
11
10
39
17
16
18
17

60.5
60.4
59.6
56.4
60.1
57.8
59.4
61.1
60.4

50.1
54.3
56.5
43.9
58.8
57.8
57.2
58.3
50.1

20.93
23.80
20.26
20.19
22.78
24.27
21.92
19.00
ia84

17.34
21.36
19.17
15.69
22.30
24.27
21.08
ia 11
15.63

SETTERS.

One week:
Alabama................................
Florida..................................
Georgia..................................
Kentucky..............................
Louisiana..............................
M ain e.-................................
Mississippi............................
North Carolina....................
South Carolina.....................




26

WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING.

D .— AVERAGE FULL-TIME HOURS AND EARNINGS AND
AVERAGE ACTUAL HOURS AND EARNINGS. 1923. BY OCCUPATION,
LENGTH OF PAY PERIOD, AND STATE—Continued.

T able

O
ccupation^pay p
eriod and
,

N ber
um
of
N ber of
um
establish­ em
ployees.
m
ents.

Average
full-tim
e
h rs per
ou
payp d
erio .

Average
actual
h rs
ou
w
orked.

Average
full-tim
e
earn gs
in
per pay
p
eriod
.

Average
actual
earn gs.
in

setters—concluded.

O w
ne eek—Concluded.
Ten
nessee.....................
Virginia.......................
W iscon sin

O
ther States..................
Total-......................
Two w
eeks o halfm
r
onth:
Alabam
a__________
Arkansas......................
C
alifornia.....................
Florida........................
G
eorgia.......................
Idaho..........................
K e n tu c k v
M
ichigan__________
M i n n e s o t a .______
M ississip p i.

M
ontana!_________
O
regon
___________
Pennsylvania_______
Ten
nessee.....................
Texas..........................
Virginia.......................
W ash in gton
W iscon sin .

O
ther States..................
T o t a l. . .

O m on th :
ne

A la b a m a .
A rkansas
C aliforn ia
F lorid a .

_______ . . . . . .
_______ ___

N o r th C arolin a
O regon
, „„ ,
V irgin ia ______
W a s h in g ton ___________
W e st V irginia

O
ther States..................
_

S WT IL R O H A S W.
A A ES N ED A S
O w
ne eek:
A la b a m a . . . __
F lo rid a ____
G eorgia
. ______ ______
K e n tu c k y _____ ______

Louisiana—
M
aine
__ _ __
_

South Carolina..............
T
ennessee __
V
irginia .
___
_
W
isconsin_
O
ther States..................
T otal

Two w
eeks o half m
r
onth:
___

.

C
alifornia . ____
F lorid a ______ ____________
G
eorgia ...
_
Idaho_
Kentucky______ __
M
ichigan..
_____
M
innesota.
.
_ ...
M
ississippi....................




2

13
4
3
3

2
6

4
3
3
4
6
4

6

7
2
7
7

2
8
8
2
2

2
2
6

3
5
15
9
3
5
7

1
0
1
0
8

7
16
1
0
5
13
7
1
0
4

13
8
4
3
3
21
3

57.4
57.5
6 .0
0
55.3
58
.9

53.0
55.3
6 .0
0
51.6
54.4

$3 2
2 .0
15.93
3 .3
08
32
.79
2 .3
3 2

$21.25
15.30
3a 3
8
3 .6
03
21.57

4
2
6
15
4
4
14
9

126.7
129.7
128.1
13 .0
0
136
.8
10 .0
4
125.3
124.5
13 .0
0
13 .0
0
115 7
.
10 .8
5
13 .0
0
131.2
127.0
123.3
10 .0
4
126
.5
125.0
122.7

61.5
12
2 .8
125.2

52 3
.3
4 .51
8
67.76
4 9
5.8
27.91

78
.8
9 .0
0
118.3
97.0
117.5
10 .8
4
10 .9
3

48
.12
61.6
3
6 .2
9 9
51.61
73.35
71.94
6 .8
9 1
47.36
45.97
3 .10
8
6 .2
4 7
59
.58
37.13
6 .9
08

2 6
5.3
45.9
5
6 22
6
4
2.31
2 .75
0
61.9
2
4 .10
0
52.31
6 .74
2
sa 75
6 .0
5 0
6 2
1.0
5 .8
4 0
2 .4
8 8
3 .54
2
sa 5
2
59 2
.9
55.3
6
31.10

20
6 .0
20
6 .0
26
4 .8
26 2
6.
28
0 .0
2 5.5
6
28
5 .4
2 7.5
0
26
1.8
10 .1
8
20
6 .0
29
5 .0
28
3 .4

13 .3
8
28
4 .0
18 .7
8
18 .3
8
18 .3
3
194.7
2 7.5
4
177.2
29
0 .1
173.1
19 .3
4
18 .0
4
18
7.6

10 .2
3 2
10 .6
02
14 .56
9
8 .6
84
131.66
14 .4
9 8
111. 3
7
13 .59
2
115.98
13 .3
3 9
116.74
9 .8
6 7
12 .3
6 5

5 .8
4 3
9 9
5.9
114.29
6 .6
2 3
lia04
10 .6
93
10 .57
6
113.28
9
2.72
lia95
87.17
6 .76
8

6 .6
0
6 .5
0
58
.9
56.2
6 .1
0
57.8
59.1
61.4
6 .4
0
57.8
67.5
6 .0
0
55.0
59.1

46.7
61.0
51.0
52
.0
56.1
57.8
53.3
58
.4
4 .7
8
50
.9
55.4
52
.4
50
.5
53.4

16
.54
15.97
12.13
18 2
.3
16.41
2 .78
0
16.31
14.18
12.62
16 2
.4
13.46
2 .8
2 0
2 .8
3 2

12.73
16.10
10
.52
16 6
.9
15.34
2 .78
0
14.71
13.49
10.16
14 5
.4
12.97
19 9
.8
21.8
9

17.0
2

15.3
9

119.3
10 .1
9
121.7
9 .9
8
97.1
10 .5
3
9 .4
8
92.1
123.7
110
.5

2 .74
8
3 .5
40
6 .73
0
3 .9
08
21.62
55.9
5
3 .76
8
51.39
53.17
3 .5
48

2 0
7.9
2 .0
9 1
57.57
2 .9
3 5
15.0
0
55.71
2 .9
90
37.21
5 .5
08
2 .3
9 7

1
1

4
5
13
3
1
2
9
13
15
3
3
3
16
2
0
4
39
0

8

4
17
9
18
1
1
7

1
1
1
1

3
8
2
4

8

16
6
3
1

2
1
13
1
0

5

4
1
19
17
16
17
15
8
5
2
4

10
7

M ississip p i____________
N o r th C a r olin a ___________

A la b a m a . .
Arkansas .

5

16
0

4

Idaho________ ___
M
ichigan_______ _
_

T o ta l

1
0
4
2

27
3

2

3
3
1
18
5
4

2

13
4
3
3

2
6

4
3
3

8

9
13

2
1
1
0

12
2 .8

129
.7
12 .4
8
12 .0
8
139
.5
10 .0
4
127.5
127.2
13 .0
0
m o

10
2 .0

101.7
96
.6
10 .4
4
10
5.6
117.7
92.5
10 .5
2
8 .8
9

12
0 .0

66
.66

51.6
0

9 .3
9 7

27

GENERAL TABLES.
T able D .— AVERAGE

FULL-TIME HOURS AND EARNINGS AND
AVERAGE ACTUAL HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1923, BY OCCUPATION,
LENGTH OF PAY PERIOD, AND STATE— Continued.

Occupation, pay period, and
State.

Number
Average
Number of full-time
of
establish­ employees. hours per
ments.
pay period.

Average
actual
hours
worked.

Average
full-time
earnings
per pay
period.

Average
actual
earnings

SAW TAILERS ON HEAD SAWS—
c o n c lu d e d .

Two weeks or half month—Con.
Montana...............................
Oregon...................................
Pennsylvania........................
Tennessee..............................
Texas.....................................
Virginia.................................
Washington...........................
Wisconsin..............................
Other States..........................
Total..................................
One month:
Alabama................................
Arkansas................................
California..............................
Florida..................................
Idaho.....................................
Michigan...............................
North Carolina...... _...........
Oregon...................................
Virginia.................................
Washington...........................
West Virginia........................
Other States..........................
Total..................................

4
6
4
6
7

13
2
8
13
13
3
5
3
15
18
4
24
6

112.4
10
5.6
13 .0
0
132.2
127.6
123.3
10 .0
4
12 .6
6
12 .j)
5
123.4

9 .8
4
8 .0
2
72.2
10
1 .6
77.1
117.5
10 .8
3
10 .3
9
117.3
9 .9
9

$ 7.8
5 9
58 2
.9
57.59
4 4
1.6
3 .4
3 3
3 .8
4 9
5 .9
6 9
50
.77
2 .6
9 3
4 6
7.2

$8 1
4 .8
4
5.76
31.97
3 .8
4 5
2 .18
0
3 .2
3 9
5 .8
6 8
4 .8
3 1
27.8
1
3 .2
85

1
2

176.7
18 .5
3
2 7.8
2
22
2 .3
13 .7
0
24
0 .8
19 .4
9
24
0 .9
179
.4
16
7.6
26
0 .3
16 .8
0
18 .2
3

7a 72
78 0
.0
12 .6
6 3
56 1
.0
10 .4
4 2
114.15
8 .9
2 5
81.31
115.8
6
9
7.50
73 0
.0

48
.12
5 5
5.0
117.48
4 .2
6 5
6
5.56
84
a 0
6 .9
3 8
119.72
55 9
.6
9 .4
3 0
77.4
0
4a 11

176

20
6 .0
20
6 .0
25
4 .4
29
6 .3
28
0 .0
2 .5
70
28
5 .4
2 7.2
0
22
6 .3
28
0 .0
20
6 .0
29
5 .8
2
37.4

10 .0
3 3

79.61

2
0

5
7
6
3
4
2
5

6 .0
0
6 .7
0
61.7
58
.3
57.0
59
.9

55.8
51.5
6
4.7
6 .0
4
62
.5
5 .8
8

2 .8
3 2
2 .2
2 8
3 5
5.8
2 .8
5 9
3 .2
6 5
2 .0
9 5

22.17
18 0
.9
3
7.58
2 4
8 3
3 .75
9
28
.51

4
2

4
2

13 .0
0
13 .0
0
10 .0
4
127.1
10 .0
4
13 .2
0
127.2
119.0

14 .5
3
116.6
10 .0
4
10 .6
6
9 .0
0
10 .2
4
12
5.8
10 .6
9

5 .8
9 0
3 .9
9 1
95.16
8
3.12
6 .8
6 7
6 5
1.8
6 .2
90
70
.57

6 .0
6 4
3
5.75
95.16
6 .73
9
57.8
9
4 .4
9 9
6 .4
85
6 .9
4 8

20
6 .0
2 .0
78
28
0 .0
29
2 .1

16 .8
3
29
8 .3
16 .2
2

12 .10
6
12 .4
84
16 .4
88

176
.0

153
.50

79 9
.4
13 .50
3
131.43
117.98

6 .9
0
6 .0
0
58
.3
6 .5
0
5 .9
8
5 .0
9
61.2
61.1
5 .8
8
58
.3
6 .0
0
52
.9
59.7

54.1
6 .2
4
56
.8
51.0
54.7
58
.1
6 .8
0
4 .1
8
6 .5
0
54.5
6 .0
0
51.1
55.3

2 .8
5 8
2 .0
4 0
2 .9
2 1
17.3
0
2 .9
2 7
2 .4
6 3
17.14
17.6
6
2 .76
2
14 6
.4
24
.75
2 .3
9 6
2
1.49

2 .0
3 3
2 5
5.6
2 .3
2 2
14 0
.6
21.33
2 .0
6 2
17.0
1
13 0
.9
2 .4
3 4
13
.50
24
.75
2 .3
89
19.91

2
7
7

2
8
8
2
2
4
4

2
2
6

3
5
15
9
3
5
7

4
14

6
17
1
2

7
14
13
4
5

2
0
1
2

11 0
2 .0

SAWYERS, GANG.

One week:
Alabama................................
Florida..................................
Louisiana..............................
Mississippi............................
Other States..........................
Total..................................
Two weeks or half month:
Arkansas...............................
Florida..................................
Oregon...................................
Texas.....................................
Washington...........................
Wisconsin..............................
Other States..........................
Total...................................
One month:
Alabama................................
Florida..................................
Washington...........................
Total..................................

3

6
5
2

4

3
3

5
3

5
2
5
2
2

5
5
9
5

6

3
6
5

2

6
1
0

1
2
19

9
4

14
5

3

3

SAWYERS, RESAW.

One week:
Alabama................................
Florida...................................
Georgia..................................
Louisiana..............................
Maine................... ___...........
Mississippi............................
North Carolina........ ............
South Carolina......................
Tennessee.............................
Virginia............... ............... .
Wisconsin..............................
Other States..........................
Total..................................




5
4
9

11

14
5

3
2
2
3

12
11
4
6
4
4

59

93

10

5

28

WAGES AND HOtJBS OP LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING,

T able D .— AVERAGE FULL-TIME HOURS AND EARNINGS AND
AVERAGE ACTUAL HOURS AND EARNINGS. 1923, BY OCCUPATION,
LENGTH OF PAY PERIOD, AND STATE— Continued.
N ber
um
O
ccupation, pay p
eriod and
,
N ber of
um
of
establish­ em
ployees.
State.
m ts.
en
S W E S resaw—concluded.
A Y R,
Two w
eeks o half m
r
onth:
A
rkansas......................
California.....................
M
ichigan.....................
M
innesota....................
O
regon
........................
Pennsylvania................
Ten
nessee.....................
W
ashington..................
W
iscon .....................
sin
O
ther States..................
Total........................
O m
ne onth:
Alabam
a......................
California.....................
O
regon
........................
W
ashington..................
W V
est irginia................
O
ther States..................
Total........................
E6R E.
DE MN
O w
ne eek:
Alabam
a......................
Florida........................
G
eorgia.......................
Kentucky.....................
Louisiana.....................
M
aine.........................
M
ississippi....................
N
orth Carolina...............
South Carolina...............
T
ennessee.....................
Virginia.......................
W
isconsin.....................
O
ther States..................
Total........................
Two w
eeks o half m
r
onth:
Alabam
a......................
Arkansas_ ___ ___
_
California.....................
Florida........................
G
eorgia.......................
Idaho..........................
Kentucky.....................
M
ichigan.....................
M
innesota....................
M
ississippi....................
M
ontana......................
O
regon
........................
Pennsylvania.................
Ten
nessee.....................
Texas..........................
Virginia.......................
W
ashington...................
W
isconsin.....................
O
ther States..................
Total........................
O m
ne onth:
Alabam
a......................
A
rkansas......................
C
alifornia.....................
Florida........................
Idaho..........................
Michigan.--........ .........




6

1
1
7
6
6

Average
full-tim
e
h rs per
ou
payp d
erio .

A
verage
full-tim
e
earn gs
in
p pay
er
p
eriod
.

Average
actual
h rs
ou
w
orked.

12
2 .0
10
1 .1

A
verage
actual
earn gs.
in

2
6
7
v
6

15
13

1
1

13 .2
0
127.1
115.0
13 .0
0
10 .2
4
13 .0
0
135.0
10 .0
4
12 .6
4
114 7

4
2

9
2

117.6

10
5.5

61.9
8

55.56

2

3
9
4
2
4

6

23
6 .3
28
4 .0
2 7.4
0
28
0 .3
20
6 .0
23
6 .1
23
2 .0

10 .0
05
14 .3
90
14 .9
2 0
135.8
1
11414
117.61
1342
5

99.19
126
.70
14 2
2.3
112.26
8 72
4
10 .77
9

7
4

2
61.3
2 .5
10
26
0 .6
172.2
19 .0
3
25
4 .8
19
2.2

2
3
2
3
14
8
6
1
17
2
8
17
19
13
9
5
3
0
27
6

6 .8
0
6 .4
0
6 .4
0
56.7
6 .1
0
58
.5
59
.3
61.2
6 .7
0
57.4
57.8
6 .0
0
56
.0

56
.3
57.3
57.1
50
.2
58.1
58
.6
56
.6
58
.9
4 .3
9
55.1
52.7
61.2
52.5
56
.0

2 .6
0 1
27.42
2 .8
3 6
19.73
2 .3
3 2
27.3
8
2414
18
.97
18
.27
2 .4
2 4
15.0
3
2 0
7.3
3 .6
03
23.76

19 5
.0
2 .0
6 4
22
.54
17.49
22
.54
2 0
7.4
2 .0
3 6
18 8
.2
14 8
6
21.52
13.72
27.8
7
2 .70
8
2 .3
2 8

4
4
0
2
2
4
3

126.7
129
.9
127.6
13 .0
0
138
.3
10 0
4
127.2
124 3
13 .0
0
13 0
0
113.6
10
5.1
13 .0
0
13 .6
0
127.6
123
.3
10 .0
4
12 .8
6
126.7
123.0
'
20
6 .0
20
6 .0
24
3.1
267.7
28
0 .0
271.2

61.8
12
2 .6
114 9
121.3
121.9
10 0
4
113.9
10
7.3
127.5
113.5
10 .0
9
93.7
129
.6
8
9.7
8 .6
2
119.2
8
5.7
124
.6
114 0
10
7.0

4473
5 .0
0 1
81.41
4 .75
8
2 .8
6 3
72 8
.2
5419
6 0
1.9
6 .70
3
45.76
8 .8
08
8 .0
09
6 .8
6 2
4 .5
90
5 .4
00
43.16
74 3
6
6 .74
0
4 .4
3 6
62.12

21.8
4
4 3
7.2
73 9
.3
4
5.54
2 .6
3 0
72
.28
4 .5
80
53 3
.4
6 .4
2 2
3 .9
9 4
77.6
0
71.40
6 .6
6 1
3 .9
3 8
3 .6
2 5
41.70
61.29
59 1
.6
3
9.10
54 0
5

3
2
3
4
3

4
3
14
3
4
3
0

1
0
1
0
8

7
16
1
0
5
13
7
1
0
4
2
5

107

2

13
4
3
3

2
6

4
3
3
4
6
4

6

7
2
7
7

2
8
8
2
2

4
4

2
2

16
5

2

1
0

1
0
8
1
2

3
3
19
14
3
5
7
14
4
2
3
19
19

6

3
14
=====
4
4

2
0
6
1
2
13

59
.4

12
0 .8

13
2.3
10 .8
3
10 5
4
10 .9
3

$6 0
5 .9
76 9
.3
6 .4
3 8
61.75
6 .0
9 6
640
9
45.77
67.2
9
57.8
1
4
5.54

$ .3
53 5
66
.18
4 .4
3 0
61.75
6 .27
2
50
.72
44 8
8
67.13
4 .4
8 7
41.23

78.7
13 .0
0
9 .9
3

—

18 3
4
2 7.6
3
18 .6
0
24
6 .9
2 5.5
0
23
0 .6

115.65

—

10 .8
6 6
10 .16
8
16 .8
2 8
9 .2
85
13 .50
2
14 .75
0

75.8
1
9 .8
8 6
121.0
3
97.32
13 .9
00
10
5.56

GENERAL TABLES.

29

T able D .— AVERAGE FULL-TIME HOURS AND EARNINGS AND
AVERAGE ACTUAL HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1923, BY OCCUPATION,
LENGTH OF PAY PERIOD, AND STATE— Continued.
N ber
um
N ber of
um
of
O
ccupation, pay p
eriod and
,
ployees.
establish­ em
State.
m ts.
en

A
verage
full-tim
e
h rs p
ou er
payp d
erio .

A
verage
actual
h rs
ou
w
orked.

A
verage
full-tim
e
earn gs
in
per pay
p
eriod
.

A
verage
actual
earn gs.
in

edgerm —con ded.
en
clu

O m
ne onth—Concluded.
N
orth Carolina..............
O
regon
........................
Virginia.......................
W
ashington..................
W Virginia................
est
O
ther States..................

3
5
15
9
3

Total........................

6

7
17
9
3
8
19

23
3 .5
176.6
217.9
184.1

$ 9 3
10 .4
175.50
117.43
157.62

8

2 .7
58
2 7.2
0
23
6 .3
202.6
20
6 .0
20
6 .0

2 7.9
0

10 .0
4 0

$8 1
9 .8
14 .59
9
9 9
7.0
143.14
9 .5
49
8 .0
3 8

5
7

157

2
35.6

198
.1

141.36

118 3
.8

1
0
1
0
8

17
14

9
3
14

6 .7
0
6 .4
0
6 .1
0
56.2
59.9
58
.2
59.5
61.2
60
.1
57.4
56.7
6 .0
0
54
.9

59
.0
54.5
58
.9
58
.5
55.2
58
.2
6 .8
0
59.3
4 .3
8
59.1
58
.6
6 .0
0
54.1

16.8
1
21.93
15.75
18.21
19.95
19 6
.2
2 .6
0 5
15.36
14.6
6
19.11
14 0
.0
25.50
26.57

16.32
19.78
15.45
18 3
.9
18
.37
19 6
.2
2 .1
11
14 7
.8
11.78
19 8
.6
14.47
2
5.50
26.17

174

59.1

57.1

19 9
.0

18 3
.4

2

123.9
129
.6
128
.0
126.7
138
.8
10 .0
4
126.6
126
.8
13 .0
0
130
.1
114.9
10 .5
4
13 .0
0
130
.5
126
.8
123.3
10 0
4
126.6
123.3
122.9

10
7.9
131.9
10 .0
6
9 .8
4
10 .0
4
117.5
91.0
114.7
10
3.7
10 .4
3
101.5
8 .0
4
116.4
8
4.2
10 .7
6
96.5
118.0
126
.6
10 .6
6

3 .4
6 3
41.73
70 0
.4
4 .58
3
2 .54
0
6 .8
04
4 .3
9 7
5 .8
8 4
54.21
3 .4
6 3
56 9
.9
72.31
58 3
.6
44.11
43.11
3 .70
9
6 .9
9 9
53 8
.6
32.6
7
55.4
3

31.78
3 .4
98
72.53
3 .4
6 2
14 6
.0
6 .8
04
45.78
4 .2
2 3
47.79
2 .0
9 5
51.24
70 1
.3
3 0
7.9
3 .3
9 3
2 .6
8
3 .3
48
6 .9
44
5 .0
0 7
3
3.55
4 .0
8 5

3
5
15
9
3

9
4
4
5
7
13
7
4
0
16
7

20
6 .0
20
6 .0
24
4 .7
29
6 .0
28
0 .0
24
6 .6
28
5 .6
2 7.2
0
22
6 .9
28
0 .3
20
6 .0
24
5 .8

22
4 .5
20
4 .5
26
3 .2
251.8
216.5
22
6 .2
212.5
26
0 .4
28
3 .1
174.4
26
4 .6
178
.3

78 6
.2
77.48
143.15
6 .2
3 2
118.14
13 .0
3 9
9 .9
6 8
16 7
5.9
9 1
7.0
14 .9
3 4
10 .9
2 6
8
.91

72.9
1
71.76
138
.15
59.27
122 7
.9
13 4
1.8
79 9
.6
16 5
5.2
8 7
7.9
12 .5
09
9 8
7.6
6
1.50

5
7

119

24
3 .2

21
0.2

12 .3
4 6

111.58

202.2

12 .6
18

TRIMMER OPERATORS.

O w
ne eek:
Alabam
a......................
Florida........................
G
eorgia.......................
Kentucky.....................
Louisiana.....................
M
aine.........................
M
ississippi....................
N
orth Carolina..............
South Carolina...............
T nessee.....................
en
Virginia.......................
W
iscon .....................
sin
O
ther States..................
Total........................
Two w
eeks o half m
r
onth:
Alabam
a......................
Arkansas......................
C
alifornia.....................
Florida........................
G
eorgia.......................
Idaho..........................
Kentucky.....................
M
ichigan.....................
M
innesota....................
M
ississippi....................
M
ontana......................
........................
O
regon
Pennsylvania.................
T n
en essee.....................
Texas..........................
Virginia.......................
W
ashington..................
W
isconsin.....................
O
ther States....... .........
Total........................
O m
ne onth:
Alabam
a......................
A
rkansas......................
California.....................
Florida........................
Idaho.........................
M
ichigan.....................
N
orth Carolina-.............
........................
O
regon
V
irginia.......................
W
ashington..................
W V
est irginia................
O
ther States..................
Total........................




7
16
5
13
7
1
0
4

1
0

2

5
10
7

2

13
4
3
3

2
6

4
3
3
4
6
4
6
7
2
7
7

2
8
8

2
2

4
4

2
2
6

8

7
2
6
17
2
0
16

1
2
1
1

19
16
3
4

6
6
1
2
2
8
1
0
1
2
2
2
13
7
18
3
15
1
2
3

21
1
5

2

12
2 .6

30

WAGES AND HOUBS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING.

D .— AVERAGE FULL-TIME HOURS AND EARNINGS AND
AVERAGE ACTUAL HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1923, B Y OCCUPATION,
LENGTH OF PAY PERIOD, AND STATE— Continued.

T able

N ber
um
A
verage
O
ccupation, pay period and
,
of
N ber of full-tim
um
e
establish­ em
State.
ployees. h rs p
ou er
m
ents.
payp d
erio .

A
verage
actum
h rs
ou
w
orked.

A
verage
full-tim
e
earn gs
in
perpay
p d
erio *

Average
actual
earn gs.
in

MACHINE FEEDERS, PLANING
MILLS.

O w
ne eek:
Alabam
a...... ................
Florida.......................
G
eorgia_____ ___ _
..... ................
Maine........................
M
ississippi...................
NorthC
arolina...............
T nessee—
en
...................
W
iscon .....................
sin
O
ther States..................
Total. ....................
Two w
eeks o halfm
r
onth:
Alabam
a.............. .......
Arkansas......................
G
eorgia______ ___
Idaho...................-.....
M
ichigan..... .............. .
M
innesota....................
M
ississippi......... ..........
M
ontana!....... .............
Pennsylvania..... ...........
Ten
nessee.................. .
Texas................ ........
W
ashington..................
W
iscon .....................
sin
O
ther States.................

1
0
6

53
.0
53.3
53.8
55.5
58
.8
57.8
54
.4
58
.7
53
.0
55.7

$14.16
15.30
13.29
16.17

6 .0
0

55.3

16.4
4

12 .3
6
13 .0
0
139
.3
10 .0
4
12 .3
9
13 .0
0
13 .0
0
12
1 .1
13 .0
0
12 .3
8
13 .9
3
10 .0
4
129.2
13 .0
0
12 . 0
6

87.7
116.6
113.7
94.2
8
5.0
118.3

11
1 .1
12
2 .8

3 6
5.2
35.3
6
2 .3
04
54 1
.9
51.72
55.38
41.21
5 .4
80
6 .9
9 4
41.70
3 .8
8 3
54 9
.2
4 .8
9 7
39 1
.9

10 .7
8

4 6
5.3

2161
31.77
16
.58
4 .72
9
3 .9
3 7
5 .4
03
3 .3
8 7
52.17
4 .6
98
3 .0
8 3
3 .0
00
51.52
4 .9
2 4
37.67
39.11

24
2 .8
231.8
170
.2
26
0 .3
173.1
22
6 .9
19 .4
9
18 .4
9

79 2
.8
52.13
10
7.74
9 .2
2 8
114.55
9 .0
8 2
9 .0
03

69
88
4186
8 .0
89
73.51
9 .3
5 3
99
.19
6 .2
98

18
2

20
6 .0
28
6 .7
280
0.
29 2
5.
2 7.9
0
20
6 .0
2 .7
58
26
2 .7

10 .6
3 0

8 .6
6 1

6 .9
0
6 .5
0
59
.4
55.7
6 .5
0
58
.1
59
.8
6 .5
0
6 .4
0
57.5
59
.8
6 .0
0
57.0

4 .4
9
54.6
4 .8
9
4 .3
3
55.5
54.5
50
.4
50
.8
50
.1
4 .1
8
52.9
51.3
4 .4
9

1 .1
22

5

1,10
8
772
52
2
14
8
2 2
,4 5
31
4
1,0 6
0
82
3
69
7
45
4
32
0
171
74
3

12 3
.8
9 6
.8
15.4
8
13.79
17.43
14.11
10 3
.8
10 3
.0
14.61
12.74
18
.72
2 .2
09

10 |
7

9 8
,4 5

59
.8

51.8

13.57

9 1
.8
.11.55
8
.25
12 4
.0
12.67
16.37
1 .8
18
9.12
8
.31
12.2
4
11.24
15.9
9
17.61
11.79

2!
13 !
4
3i
!
2!
6
4
3
3
4!
1

115
1,9 0
3
64
2
12
6
14
0
15
6
26
6
39
7
67
2
64
9
49
2

125.1
130
.1
127.9
187
2.
139.7
10 .0
4
12 .4
6
12 .3
4
13 .1
0
13 .3
0
110.5

8 .8
4
10
7.0
10 .6
6
9 .4
9
9 .3
4
95.0
79.3
8 .8
2
10
7.0
9 9
8
9 .0
2

2189
3 9
1.0
56.79
2184
19 8
.9
50
.75
3 .8
3 8
4
5.74
5 .4
08
2 .9
9 7
52.27

16 5
.8
2 9
5.5
47.31
19.18
13 4
.4
4 .3
6 7
21.24
3 .4
09
4
1.47
22
.75
4 .5
36

2
2
4

6
5

2
1
0
2
2
2

13
4
6
3
8
3
7
2
3
32
0
5
9
8

6

2
6

5
3

4
16

4

IT
2




12
0

3
4
15
3
5
3
0
3
4
5
7
6
7
16
5
4

3
3
4
3
3
7

Total_ ________
_
O m
ne onth:
Arkansas.......... ........... !
Florida.......... ......
!
i
Idaho..... ..................
N
orth Carolina. ............
W
ashington..................
W V
est irginia................
O
ther States.................
Total........................
L B R R.
AOES
O w
ne eek:
Alabam
a...............
Florida.......................
G
eorgia...... ..............
Kentucky.....................
Louisiana____
Maine........................
M
ississippi...................
N
orth Carolina..............
South C
arolina...............
Tennessee.....................
Virginia.......................
W
isconsin........... ........
O
ther States.................
Total.......................
Two w
eeks or halfm
onth:
Alabam
a__________
Arkansas........ .............
California.....................
Florida........................
G
eorgia..... ....... ..........
Idaho.......................
Kentucky............... .....
M
ichigan.....................
M
innesota....................
M
ississippi...................
M
ontana......................

4
5
16
9

6 .5
0
6 .0
0
58
.3
60
.1
58
.8
59.9
59
.8
57.0
6 .0
0
6 .2
0

4
15
9
4
9

2
2

7
5
5
2
5

1
0
1
0
8
16

1
0

5
13
7

1
0
1
2

1
0
18
3

2
1
15
9
5

1
0
2
0

11
2 .1
10
0 .2
9 .4
2
117.1
10 .4
3
9 .8
8

20.02
18
.57
12
.68

24.17
19.32
21.19

$ .4
12 0
13.57
12.24
1186
20.02
17.93
11.52
2187
17.0
6
19 4
.6
15.14

31

GENERAL TABLES,

D .— AVERAGE FULL-TIME HOURS AND EARNINGS AND
AVERAGE ACTUAL HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1923, BY OCCUPATION,
LENGTH OF PAY PERIOD, AND STATE— Continued.

T able

Occupation, pay period, and
State.

Number
Average
Number of full-time
of.
establish­ employees. hours per
ments.
pay period.

Average
actual
hours
worked.

Average
full-time
earnings
per pay
period.

Average
actual
earnings.

lab orees—concluded.

Two weeks or half month—Con.
Oregon...................................
Pennsylvania........................
Tennessee..............................
Texas.....................................
Virginia..................................
Washington...........................
Wisconsin....................... .
Other States.........................

6
4
6
7
2
7
7
2

672
222
404
1,097
81
692
911
205

105.3
130.0
131.0
129.6
124.2
105.2
128.7
127.5

91.5
101.9
91.4
87.8
94.2
92.2
99.3
99.8

$55.49
52.00
35.11
33.18
28.94
51.86
46.07
28.18

$48.19
40.74
24 54
22.45
21.94
45.39
35.55
22.05

Total..................................

88

9,770

124.7

97.3

One month:
Alabama................................
Arkansas................................
California..............................
Florida..................................
Idaho................................ ___
Michigan...............................
North Carolina........... .........
Oregon.................. ..............Virginia.................................
Washington............... ..........
West Virginia.......................
Other States................... ......

2
2
4
4
2
2
6
3
5
15
9
3

284
228
348
312
233
311
378
522
301
2, 255
532
357

260.0
260.0
246.2
269.0
208.0
270. 5
258. 5
206.8
261.6
208.2
260.0
259. 0

144.6
196.1
185.9
195. 5
152.3
180.5
159.6
143.3
175. 6
158.3
182. 1
125.3

51.74
69.16
113,50
50.30
102.13
105. 22
72.90
102. 99
71.68
104.10
90.48
63.71

28. 78
52.21
85.69
36. 63
74.72
70.18
45.03
71.36
48.12
79.16
63.37
30.83

Total..................................

57

6,061

234. 3

163.3

93.02

64 77

One week:
Alabama................................
Florida................ .................
Georgia.................................
Kentucky..............................
Louisiana..............................
Maine........................ ..........
Mississippi______ _________
North Carolina___________
South Carolina____________
Tennessee..............................
Virginia.............................
Wisconsin.............................
Other States..........................

10
10
8
7
16
10
5
13
7
10
4
2
5

482
454
326
145
1,068
285
710
418
309
354
157
142
394

63.8
63.4
61.9
57.0
64. 5
60. 1
62. 1
65. 0
64.4
59.4
64.1
61.5
59.2

57.9
63.9
57.0
52.0
63.0
60.2
55.1
59. 7
62.4
55.3
61.6
54.3
55.0

18. 57
23.08
18.07
20.92
23. 16
23.14
23.91
16.06
20.29
21. 62
17. 31
23. 62
25.99

16.84
23.22
16.66
19.09
22.59
23. 18
21.24
14 75
19.66
20.17
16.62
20.86
2414

41.53
= = = = = —

32.36

OTHER EMPLOYEES.

Total..................................

107

5,244

62.6

59.0

21. 66

20.43

Two weeks or half month:
Alabama................................
Arkansas.......................... .
California..............................
Florida...................................
Georgia..................................
Idaho.....................................
Kentucky..............................
Michigan...............................
Minnesota.........................
Mississippi........ ...................
Montana................................
Oregon...................................
Pennsylvania........................
Tennessee..............................
Texas...................... ..............
Virginia.................................
Washington...........................
Wisconsin....................... ......
Other States..........................

2
13
4
3
3
2
6
4
3
3
4
6
4
6
7
2
7
7
2

62
706
440
65
64
222
130
255
500
537
358
401
152
260
503
34
441
547
77

126.5
134.9
131.2
136.3
145.8
104.8
129.4
129. 1
134.0
132.4
115.0
107.8
133.3
132.4
136.1
129.9
107.0
130.3
128.4

102.0
127.8
128. 9
129.3
122.7
100.6
108.7
109.7
125.9
116. 3
102.7
99.0
117.9
144.3
98.6
114 8
100.4
120.2
119.2

37.70
46.81
71.50
54. 38
26. 39
60.36
44.25
55.51
61. 77
46.47
60.72
66.62
63.05
43.96
46.00
35.46
62.49
52.38
38.78

30.46
44.33
70.28
51. 61
22.20
57.90
37. 19
47.17
58.12
40.83
54. 21
61. 21
55.75
37.90
33.32
31. 37
58.62
48.36
35.99

Total..................................

88

5,754

126.9

114 0

55.07

49.49




32

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN LUMBER MANUFACTURING,

T able D .— AVERAG E

F U L L -T IM E H O U R S A N D E A R N IN G S A N D
A V E R A G E A C T U A L H O U R S A N D E A R N IN G S , 1923, B Y O C C U P A T IO N ,
L E N G T H O F P A Y P E R IO D , A N D S T A T E — Concluded.

Occupation, pay period, and
State

Number
Average
Number of full-time
of
establish­ employees. hours per
ments.
pay period.

Average
actual
hours
worked.

Average
full-time
earnings
per pay
period.

Average
actual
earnings.

OTHER EMPLOYEES— c o n c lu d e d .

One month:
Alabama................................
Arkansas................................
California..............................
Florida...................................
Idaho.....................................
Michigan......... .....................
North Carolina.....................
Oregon...................................
Virginia..................................
Washington...........................
West Virginia........................
Other States. ........................

2
2
4
4
2
2
6
3
5
15
9
3

137
79
261
126
242
239
105
224
175
1,173
295
252

265.4
276.5
249.1
288.9
212.2
279.0
271.8
215.3
269.8
214.5
269.9
263.0

201.3
253.8
204.6
265.8
196.4
215.6
224.9
185.1
218.2
193.7
228.0
201.6

$77. 76
100.37
140.99
91.00
120.32
115. 79
103. 01
126.81
103. 87
126. 98
106.61
91.26

$58.91
92.07
115.87
83.67
111. 26
89.41
85.28
109.05
84.09
114. 66
90.12
70. 05

Total..................................

57

3,308

241.6

206.2

117. 42

100.14




O