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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
JAMES J. DAVIS, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
ETHELBERT STEWART, Commissioner
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES 1
BUREAU OF L AB O R S T A T IS T IC S /
WAGES
AND
HOURS
OF
_
LABOR
S E R IE S
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN
COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
1910 TO 1926
JULY, 1927
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON
1927
ADDITIONAL COPIES
OF THIS PUBLICATION MAT BE PROCURED FROM
THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENT*
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON, D. C.
AT
10 CENTS PER COPY
CONTENTS
Page
1-16
Introduction and summary____________________________________________
Table 1.— Average hours and earnings and index numbers of average
hours and earnings, 1910 to 1926, by occupation, sex, and year__
3-6
Average hours and earnings, 1926, by States________________________
7, 8
Average and classified earnings per hour----------------------------------------- 8-11
Full-time hours per week and per day, 1926________________________ 12-15
Overtime____________ .-------------------------------------------------------------------15
Bonuses___________________________________________________________
16
16
Days on which employees worked, 1926____________________________
Index numbers of employment and pay rolls, 1922 to 1926______________
17
Importance of the industry---------------------------------------------------- -------- ------ 17, 18
Prices df cotton, and index numbers, 1913 to 1926_____________________
19
Explanation of scope and method_________________ _____________________20, 21
General tables------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ 21-49
T a b l e A.— Average number of days on which employees worked,
average full-time and actual hours and earnings in pay period,
average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1926,
by occupation, sex, and State___________________________________ 21-28
T a b l e B.— Average and classified earnings per hour in 10 specified oc
cupations, 1926, by sex and State_______________________________ 29-34
T a b l e C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 10
specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State_____________________35-37
T a b l e D.— Average and classified hours actually worked in pay
period in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State________ 38-43
T a b l e E.— Average and classified actual earnings in pay period in 10
specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State_____________________44-49
XII
BULLETIN OF THE
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON
n o . 446
j u l y , 1927
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN COTTON-GOODS
MANUFACTURING, 1910 TO 1926
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
During the summer and early fall of 1926 the Bureau of Labor
Statistics of the United States Department of Labor in a study of the
cotton-goods manufacturing industry in the United States collected
from representative cotton mills wage data, by occupations, for
a representative pay period. These wage data consisted principally
of the number of days and hours worked and the amount earned by
each individual in the pay period. From the data so collected average
days on which employees worked and average hours and earnings were
computed and are presented in Table 1 for the wage earners in the 19
most important occupations in the industry and also for a miscella
neous group, designated “ other employees,” covering a considerable
number of occupations, but none of which had a sufficient number of
wage earners to warrant separate tabulation. Summary figures for
each of the specified years (1910 to 1924) for which data have been
collected for bulletins prior to this report are also presented in Tables
1,3, and 4 in order that comparisons of one year with another may
be easily made.
The data for each of the years for which averages and classified
figures are presented in the tables of this bulletin were taken by agents
of the bureau directly from the records of cotton mills, the number
ranging from 59 in 1910 to 151 in 1926. As practically all of the
1926 wage data were taken from pay rolls in the months of June to
September, the figures for the year are therefore representative of
conditions in those months.
The wage earners of the 151 mills covered in 1926 consist of 46,879
males and 36,103 females, a total of 82,982, or nearly 18 per cent of
the total number in the cotton industry in the United States in 1923,
according to the United States Census of Manufactures. They are
also a little more than 19 per cent of the total number employed in
the States included in the study— namely, Alabama, Connecticut,
Georgia, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, North
Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Virginia.
The 1926 averages in Table 1 are for males alone in 7 occupations
and for both sexes in 12 occupations. Average full-time hours per
week of males by occupations range from 48.4 for mule spinners to
1
2
WAGES AND HOURS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
59.2 for spooler tenders, and of females range from 49.8 for beamer
tenders to 53.7 for creelers or tiers-in.
Average earnings per hour of males range from 19 cents for spooler
tenders to 65.6 cents for mule spinners, and of females range from
24.6 cents for spooler tenders to 41.1 cents for beamer tenders.
Average full-time earnings per week of males range from $11.25
for spooler tenders to $31.75 for mule spinners, and of females range
from $12.94 for trimmers or inspectors to $20.47 for beamer tenders.
Average full-time earnings per week of females exceed those of males
in 3 of the 12 occupations (doffers, spooler tenders, and drawers-in)
for which figures are shown for both sexes, the difference ranging
from 42 cents for drawers-in to $1.94 for spooler tenders. In 9 of
the 12 occupations the average full-time earnings per week of males
exceed those of females, the difference ranging from 13 cents for
speeder tenders to $5.66 for beamer tenders.
Industry averages are presented at the end of the table for the
employees in all of the “ selected occupations” combined for each of
the years 1910 to 1914, and for the employees in “ all occupations”
in the industry for each of the specified years 1914 to 1926. The
averages for the selected occupations in 1910 to 1914 are therefore
comparable one year with another, as are also the averages for “ all
occupations” in specified years 1914 to 1926.
Index numbers of average full-time hours per week, average
earnings per hour, and average full-time earnings per week are presented
in the last three columns of Table 1 for each of the occupations for
which these averages are shown for 1913, the 1913 average being
taken as the base, or 100 per cent.
Index numbers for the industry from 1910 to 1914 were computed
from the combined data for the selected occupations, with the 1913
average as the base, or 100 per cent. The index for each of the specified
years since 1914 were computed by increasing or decreasing the 1914
index in proportion to the increase or decrease in the averages for all
occupations as between 1914 and the specified succeeding year.
Average full-time hours per week for the industry decreased from an
index of 100 in 1913 to 89.7 in 1920 and then increased to 91.5 in
1922, to 91.8 in 1924, and to 92.3 in 1926.
Average earnings per hour for the industry increased from an index
of 100 in 1913 to 323.5 in 1920, or a little less than three and one-fourth
times the 1913 average; decreased to 222.4 in 1922; increased to 250.7
in 1924; and decreased to 221.0 in 1926.
Average full-time earnings per week for the industry increased from
an index of 100 in 1913 to 291.8 in 1920; dropped to 204.5 in 1922; in
creased to 231.5 in 1924; and then dropped to 205.2 in 1926. These
earnings did not increase or decrease in the same proportion as
average earnings per hour because of the increase or decrease in the
average full-time hours per week.
3
INTRODUCTION AND SXTMMABY
T
able
1 .—
Average hours and earnings and index numbers of average hours and
earningst 1910 to 1926, by occupation, sex, and year
Occupation and sex
Picker tenders:
Male
. .
.
Card tenders and strippers:
Male
Card grinders:
M a le .________ _
Drawing-frame tenders:
M ale.....................................
Female.................................
Slubber tenders:
M ale____________________
Female.................................
Speeder tenders:
M ale................................ .
Female.................................
Year
N um N um
ber
ber
of
of
estab em
lish ployees
ments
1020
1922
1924
1926
1920
1922
1924
1926
1920
1922
1924
1926
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1022
1924
1926
03
05
114
151
06
06
114
151
02
04
111
147
56
84
84
82
76
82
84
75
70
06
123
010
777
1,048
064
1,156
1,006
1,367
1,644
1910
1911
1012
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
27
45
45
32
32
43
55
52
40
55
68
100
103
02
02
li2
148
13
17
11
15
0
11
32
62
62
61
58
05
08
87
00
100
130
57
82
82
70
70
05
100
82
80
105
124
350
502
525
504
574
660
818
603
623
653
682
834
766
605
680
850
1,001
60
74
52
73
37
52
426
623
666
745
700
1,730
1,478
1,506
1,745
2,177
2,545
1,175
1,753
1,784
1,046
2,001
2,086
3,214
2,476
2,372
2,703
2,050
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1916
1918
1020
1022
1024
1026
1910
1911
1912
1013
1014
1916
1018
1020
1022
1024
1026
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1016
1018
1020
1022
1024
1026
355
332
418
475
436
750
723
m
660
681
515
567
552
762
822
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week
52.3
53.1
53.6
54.1
52.0
53.5
53.6
54.1
52.5
52.0
52.0
53.7
50.5
50.5
57.0
58.0
57.0
58.4
57.3
54.1
53.8
54.0
55.0
58.2
57.8
57.0
56.7
55.5
55.6
54.8
50.5
51.5
51.3
51.0
57.5
56.7
53.0
53.5
53.5
54.3
54.2
54.1
40.0
50.1
50.8
50.1
61.4
61.2
50.7
50.8
50.3
58.5
58.2
54.2
54.1
54.3
55.1
57.8
57.0
56.6
56.5
55.8
55.6
55.0
50.2
51.0
51.2
51.0
Index numbers of—
Aver Aver
age
full
age
time
Full
Full
earn
earn
Earn
time
ings
time
ings
ings
earn
per
hours
per
ings
Per
hour
per
week
hour
per
week
week
$0,436
.305
.331
.207
.471
.325
.356
.822
.500
.424
.470
.414
.006
.007
.108
.100
.116
.126
.100
.427
.270
.205
.270
.090
.005
.110
.115
.118
.136
.200
.371
.276
.311
.281
.102
.307
.551
.300
.421
.377
.188
.257
.400
.388
.448
.808
.131
.135
.142
.145
.153
.174
.265
.533
.358
.304
.343
.133
.136
.140
.153
.155
.188
.277
.486
.360
.411
.368
$22.80
16.20
17.74
16.07
24.92
17.30
10.08
17.42
3a 08
22.43
24.86
22.23
5.70
5.73
6.22
6.31
6.66
7.32
11137
23.10
14.53
16.20
15.35
5.20
5.46
6.23
6.50
6.51
7.53
11.40
18.74
14.21
15.05
14.58
11.21
17.22
20.20
20.87
22.52
20.47
10.18
13.89
24.45
19.44
22.76
10.04
8.03
8.24
8.47
8.72
0.04
10.13
15.28
28.80
10.37
21.30
1&00
7.68
7.86
&42
a 61
8.61
10.38
15.10
24.40
18.82
21.04
18.77
102.6
102.6
09.8
100.0
00.8
100.7
98.8
93.3
92.8
94.7
94.8
102.6
101.9
100.5
100.0
97.9
98.1
96.6
89.1
90.8
90.5
91.5
88.1
89.0
99.1
100.0
106.4
115.6
182.6
391.7
247.7
270.6
256.0
78.3
82.6
95.7
100.0
102.6
118.3
181.7
322.6
240.0
270.4
244.3
00.3
00.8
08.6
100.0
105.5
116.0
180.2
366.1
230.3
256.7
243.3
80.0
84.0
95.8
100.0
100.2
115.8
175.4
288.3
218.6
245.4
224.3
102.7
102.3
00.8
100.0
00.2
07.8
07.3
00.6
00.5
00.8
02.1
102.3
102.5
100.2
100.0
08.8
08.4
07.3
88.8
00.3
00.6
00.3
90.3
93.1
97.0
100.0
105.5
120.0
182.8
367.6
246.0
271.7
236.6
86.0
88.0
97.4
100.0
101.3
122.0
181.0
317.6
241.2
268.6
240.5
92.1
04.5
07.1
100.0
103.7
116.2
175.2
331.3
222.1
245.3
216.7
80.2
01.3
07.8
100.0
100.0
120.6
175.4
283.4
218.6
244.4
218.0
4
WAGES AND HOUES— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
T a b le
Average hours and earnings and index numbers of average hours and
earnings, 1910 to 1926, by occupation, sex, and year— Continued
1 .—
Occupation and sex
Spinners, mule:
M ale.....................................
Spinners, frame:
M ale.....................................
Female.................................
Doffers:
M ale.....................................
Female.................................
Spooler tenders:
M ale.....................................
Female.................................
Creelers or tiers-in:
M ale____ _______________
Female.................................
Year
N um N um
ber
ber
of
of
estab
em
lish ployees
ments
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week
Index
Aver
A ver age
full
age
time
earn
Full
earn
ings
time
ings
per
hours
per
hour
per
week
week
numbers of—
Earn
ings
per
hour
Full
time
earn
ings
per
week
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
14
16
16
16
14
17
17
14
11
8
8
222
288
266
258
245
334
303
253
220
186
200
57.0
56.8
55.7
55.6
54.9
54.7
54.3
48.9
50.0
49.1
48.4
$0,219
.255
.279
.281
.291
.345
.487
.826
.638
.746
.656
$12.50
14.44
15.48
15.58
15.95
18.85
26.40
40.39
31.90
36.63
31.75
102.5
102.2
100.2
100.0
98.7
98.4
97.7
87.9
89.9
88.3
87.1
77.9
90.7
99.3
100.0
103.6
122.8
173.3
294.0
227.0
265.5
233.5
80.2
92.7
99.4
100.0
102.4
121.0
169.4
259.2
204.7
235.1
203.8
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
36
46
49
49
38
41
53
34
49
64
64
261
700
564
530
483
489
383
345
547
906
561
57.2
57.2
56.7
56.9
54.7
56.6
54.3
50.7
53.4
53.2
55.1
.120
.126
.144
.143
.150
.164
.248
.475
.292
.369
.289
6.83
7.18
8.14
8.07
8.19
9.21
13.48
24.08
15.59
19.63
15.92
100.5
100.5
99.6
100.0
96.1
99.5
95.4
89.1
93.8
93.5
96.8
83.9
88.1
100.7
100.0
104.9
114.7
173.4
332.2
204.2
258.0
202.1
84.6
89.0
100.9
100.0
101.5
114.1
167.0
298.4
193.2
243.2
197.3
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
59
88
88
90
90
104
105
95
96
114
151
3,704
5,981
6,364
6,762
6,906
7,706
7,752
6,330
6,634
8,314
9,684
59.0
59.1
58.0
57.8
56.9
57.2
56.1
51.8
52.6
53.1
53.5
.108
.111
.124
.128
.132
.149
.233
.427
.301
.319
.282
6.33
6.51
6.98
7.33
7.45
8.24
12.89
22.12
15.83
16.94
15.09
102.1
102.2
100.3
100.0
98.4
99.0
97.1
89.6
91.0
91.9
92.6
84.4
86.7
96.9
100.0
103.1
116.4
182.0
333.6
235.2
249.2
220.3
86.4
88.8
95.2
100.0
101.6
112.4
175.9
301.8
216.0
231.1
205.9
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
99
102
89
91
109
146
3,206
2,857
2,717
2,716
3,133
3,657
57.6
56.1
53.1
53.5
54.0
54.2
.139
.231
.453
.302
.334
.307
8.15
12.87
24.05
16.16
18.04
16.64
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
19
26
21
28
27
32
537
703
543
460
478
502
55.0
52.6
49.8
50.9
50.9
51.4
.162
.255
.389
.324
.380
.344
8.92
13.46
19.37
16.49
19.34
17.68
1924
1926
8
6
37
24
55.0
59.2
.192
.190
10.56
11.25
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
104
105
95
95
113
151
3,662
3,759
3,010
3,091
3,646
4,136
57.2
56.2
52.2
52.9
53.3
53.6
.137
.207
.386
.264
.285
.246
7.73
11.46
20.15
13.91
15.19
13.19
1920
1922
1924
1926
9
13
21
21
27
30
59
49
54.8
55.6
55.5
55.1
.393
.304
.298
.274
21.54
16.90
16.54
15.10
1920
1922
1924
1926
62
74
84
117
428
417
543
640
52.6
52.6
53.0
53.7
.347
.244
.272
.249
18.25
12.83
14.42
13.37
5
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
T
able
1.— Average hours and earnings and index numbers of average hours and
earnings, 1910 to 1926, by occupation, sex, and year— Continued
Index numbers of—
Occupation and sex
Warper tenders:
Beamer tenders:
Female__________________
Slasher tenders:
M ale....................................
Drawers in:
M ale_____________ ______
Female__________________
W arp-tying-machine tenders:
M ale____ _______________
Loom fixers:
M ale.....................................
45901°— 27------ 2
Year
N um N um
ber
ber
of
of
estab
em
lish ployees
ments
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week
Aver
Aver age full
age
time
earn
earn
ings
ings
per
per
hour
week
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
25
30
27
35
41
48
78
82
77
77
93
118
75
82
85
101
133
157
562
595
506
502
544
581
59.4
59.6
55.8
55.9
54.7
55.3
56.0
55.4
50.9
51.8
52.2
52.6
$0.176
.243
.525
.353
.388
.348
.182
.259
.460
.348
.391
.347
$10.41
14.48
29.30
19.73
21.22
19.24
10.15
14.20
23.41
18.03
20.41
18.25
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
22
24
21
26
27
43
328
280
246
313
331
269
56.0
56.3
50.9
50.9
51.7
53.0
.271
.404
.711
.538
.621
.493
15.01
22.63
36.19
27.38
32.11
26.13
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
5
7
5
5
7
5
91
113
100
85
108
32
54.8
54.1
48.3
51.5
51.9
49.8
.224
.315
.578
.377
.448
.411
12.28
17.06
27.92
19.42
23.25
20.47
57
85
85
87
87
96
99
89
92
114
146
276
455
449
485
528
581
608
504
547
636
751
58.4
58.5
57.4
57.5
56.8
56.8
56.5
52.1
52.7
53.0
53.3
.178
.194
.216
.212
.211
.241
.340
.579
.426
.467
.411
10.33
11.26
12.34
12.09
11.81
13.48
18.73
30.17
22.45
24. 75
21.91
1924
1926
18
19
61
44
55.5
55.1
.339
.330
18.81
18.18
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
86
91
80
77
91
116
926
834
632
664
726
947
56.0
55.3
50.7
51.8
51.8
52.1
.191
.273
.485
.352
.383
.357
10.47
15.00
24.59
18.23
19.84
18.60
1920
1922
1924
1926
72
79
91
113
154
191
221
278
52.6
52.9
53.5
54.0
.590
.425
.452
.422
31.03
22.48
24.18
22.79
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918'
1920
1922
1924
1926
59
88
88
90
90
102
103
93
95
114
151 I
1,267
2,200
2,290
2,370
2,491
2,776
2,709
2,366
2,456
2,962
3,329
58.7
58.6
57.7
57.6
56.8
56.8
56.4
52.2
52.9
52.9
53.5
.200
.203
.224
.227
.233
.270
.391
.685
.500
.553
.489
11.64
11.80
12.84
12.96
13.09
15.17
21.79
35.76
26.45
29.25
26.16
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924 s
1926
Full
time
earn
ings
per
week
Full
time
hours
per
week
Earn
ings
per
hour
101.6
101.7
99.8
100.0
98.8
98.8
98.3
90.6
91.7
92.2
92.7
84.0
91.5
101.9
100.0
99.5
113.7
160.4
273.1
200.9
220.3
193.9
85.4
93.1
102.1
100.0
97.7
111.5
154.9
249.5
185.7
204.7
181.2
101.9
101.7
100.2
100.0
98.6
98.6
97.9
90.6
91.8
91.8
92.9
88.1
89.4
98.7
100.0
102.6
118.9
172.2
301.8
220.3
243.6
215.4
89.8
91.0
99.1
100.0
101.0
117.1
168.1
275.9
204.1
225.7
201.9
6
T
WAGES AND HOURS— COTTON-GOODS M ANUFACTUREG
able
1.— Average hours and earnings and index numbers of average hours and
earnings, 1910 to 1926, by occupationt sex, and year— Continued
Occupation and sex
Weavers:
M ale______________ . . . . . .
Female.................................
Trimmers or inspectors:
___ . . . . . _
Male
Female.................................
Other employees:
M ale___ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Female________ . . . . __ . . .
Year
N um N um
ber
ber
of
of
estab
em
lish ployees
ments
Average
full
time
hours
per
week
Index
Aver
Aver age full
age
time
Full
earn
earn
time
ings
ings
hours
per
per
hour
per
week
week
numbers of—
Earn
ings
per
hour
Full
time
earn
ings
per
week
57.8
57.9
56.9
56.7
55.8
55.7
55.4
50.3
51.6
51.8
51.9
$0,151
.156
.169
.170
.176
.205
.301
.573
.389
.449
.396
.147
.148
.163
.164
.167
.201
.285
.528
.380
.429
.875
$8.83
9.08
9.67
9.73
9.93
11.54
16.78
29.68
20.44
23.71
21.07
8.47
8.54
9.26
9.30
9.30
11.12
15.62
26.56
19.59
22.22
19.46
53.4
54.3
55.3
53.0
.426
.251
.304
.295
22.75
13.63
16.81
15.64
46
75
77
77
74
83
87
76
78
92
132
76
78
158
190
408
712
708
687
720
971
1,175
1,045
1,056
1.602
1,932
58.8
58.7
57.7
57.9
57.2
56.7
55.6
51.6
52.5
52.7
52.6
.099
.103
.112
.111
.113
.129
.186
.333
.246
.268
.246
5.78
6.02
6.41
6.39
6.41
7.25
10.29
17.18
12.92
14.12
12.94
88
105
106
96
97
114
151
29.861
27,395
25,740
13,336
14,991
20,578
21,226
57.5
57.7
56.8
52.6
53.9
53.7
53.8
.151
.176
.270
.419
.289
.347
.308
a 59
10.05
15.18
22.04
15.58
18.63
16.57
88
101
102
94
96
110
149
12,143
5,913
6,350
4,685
4,421
5,092
6,369
56.8
55.7
54.4
51.1
51.8
51.9
53.1
.123
.140
.224
.322
.244
.292
.252
6.89
7.82
12.06
16.45
12.64
15.15
13.38
$0,140
.144
.158
.160
.165
.153
.179
.267
.480
.330
.372
.328
$8.16
8.36
9.00
9.12
9.24
102.1
101.9
100.2
100.0
98.4
87.5
90.0
98.8
100.0
103.1
89.5
91.7
98.7
100.0
101.3
8,63
10.08
14.95
24.86
17.42
19.72
17.48
98.6
97.0
89.7
91.5
91.8
92.8
120.6
179.9
323.5
222.4
250.7
221.0
118.3
175.5
291.8
204.5
231.5
205.2
1010
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
58
88
88
89
89
100
103
93
95
114
151
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
59
88
88
89
89
101
103
92
95
114
151
1920
1922
1924
1926
22
28
36
45
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
5,334.
8,855
9,775
9,485
9,755
10,279
8,301
6,077
7,410
9,024
8,603
6,334
10,792
10,998
11,236
11,188
11,546
10,993
7,681
7,644
8,493
7,596
58.8
58.6
57.5
57.0
56.8
56.7
56.2
51.8
52.6
52.8
53.2
102.1
101.7
99.8
100.0
98.6
SS.4
•.7.6
89.9
91.3
91.7
92.4
88.8
91.8
99.4
100.0
103.5
120.6
177.1
337.1
228.8
264.1
232.9
90.8
93.3
99.4
100.0
102.1
118.6
172.5
805.0
210.1
243.7
216.fi
101.9
102.1
100.4
100.0
98.4
98.2
97.7
88.7
91.0
91.4
91.5
89.6
90.2
99.4
100.0
101.8
122.6
173.8
322.0
231.7
261.6
228.7
91.1
91.8
99.6
100.0
100.0
119.6
168.0
285.6
210.6
238.9
209.2
100.7
101.4
99.7
100.0
98.8
97.9
96.0
89.1
90.7
91.0
90.8
89.2
92.8
100.9
100.0
101.8
116.2
167.6
300.0
221.6
241.4
221.6
90.5
94.2
100.3
100.0
100.3
113.5
161.0
268.9
202.2
221.0
202.5
1
............. i..............
1
I
!
i
!
“
“ " 1 ............
1
1
l
THE INDUSTRY
Selected occupations.................
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
All occupations.........................
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
59
88
88
88
90
90
106
106
96
97
114
151
20,725
34,397
35,941
36,498
36,578
78,582
85,233
81,121
59,548
62,833
77,995
82,982
58.5
58.4
57.4
57.3
56.4
56.8
56.9
56.0
51.8
52.8
53.0
53.3
7
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
AVERAGE HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1926, BY STATES
Average full-time hours per week, earnings per hour, and full-time
earnings per week are presented in Table 2 for males, for females,
and for the total number of wage earners of all the establishments
in each State covered in the 1926 study of the industry.
Average full-time hours per week for males in 1926 range from 49
for the 8,611 in Massachusetts to 57 for the 5,988 in Georgia, and
for females range from 48 for the 8,694 in Massachusetts to 56.9 for
the 3,777 in Georgia. Averages by States for males and females
combined, or the industry, range from 48.5 for the 17,305 in Massa
chusetts to 57 for the 9,765 in Georgia.
Average earnings per hour for males range from 26.5 cents for those
in Alabama to 46.8 cents for those in New Hampshire, and for females
range from 20.9 cents for those in Alabama to 39 cents for those in
New Hampshire. Averages by States for both sexes, or the industry,
range from 24.2 cents in Alabama to 42.9 cents in New Hampshire.
Average full-time earnings per week for males range from $14.55 in
Alabama to $25.27 in New Hampshire, and for females range from
$11.43 in Alabama to $20.90 in New Hampshire. Averages by States
for both sexes combined, or the industry, range from $13.26 in Ala
bama to $23.08 in New Hampshire. The greatest difference between
the averages for males and for females by States is $4.82 in Maine,
and the least is $2.26 in Pennsylvania.
Comparing the averages at the end of the table for males in all
States with those for females it is seen that the full-time hours for
males are 1 more per week than those for females; that the average
earnings per hour for males exceed those for females 4.6 cents; and
that the average full-time earnings per week for males exceed those
for females $2.78.
T a b le 2.— Number of establishments and of wage earners, and average hours and
earnings, 1926, by State and sex
Number
of estab
lishments
Number
of
employees
Average
full-time
hours per
week
M ale.........
Female___
6
6
3,129
2,223
54.9
54.7
6
5,352
54.8
.242
13.26
Connecticut__________________ M ale_____
Fem ale. - .
6
6
1,566
1,352
50.9
50.6
.419
.348
21.33
17,61
State
Sex
Alabama......................................
T otal.................................
Total.................................
Georgia______________________
Male
Female___
T o t a l - ..............................
M a in e --....... .............................. Male_____
Female___
Total..................................
Massachusetts_______________
T o M - ................................
M ale_____
Fem ale. __
Average
earnings
per hour
$0.265
.209
Average
full-time
earnings
per week
$14.55
11.43
6
2,918
50.8
.386
19.61
15
15
5,988
3,777
57.0
56.9
.268
.220
15.28
12.52
15
9,765
57.0
.250
14.25
5
5
1,482
1,755
54.0
53.8
.415
.327
22.41
17.59
5
3,237
53.9
.369
19.89
23
23
8,611
8,694
49.0
48.0
.450
.374
22.05
17.95
23
17,305
48.5
.413
20.03
8
T
WAGES AND HOURS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
able
2 . —Number
of establishments and of wage earners, and average hours and
earnings, 1926, by State and sex— Continued
Number
of estab
lishments
Number
of
employees
Average
full-time
hours per
week
M ale.........
Female.
6
6
2,110
2,163
54.0
53.6
6
4,273
Male.........
Female___
3
3
978
1,216
2,194 |
Male_____
Female. __
47
47
11,362
6,259
State
Sex
New Hampshire_____________
Total..................................
New York___________________
3
T otal..................................
North Carolina______________
Average
earnings
per hour
Average
full-time
earnings
per week
$0,468
.390
$25.27
20.90
53. 8 |
.429
23.08
49. 6
48.7
.446
.383
22.12
18.65
49.1 |
.412
20.23
55.8
55.8
.308
.252
17.19
14.06
47
17,621
55.8
.289
16.13
M a l e .__
Female. __
3
3
328
425
51.8
52.3
.414
.367
21.45
19.19
3
753
52.1
.388
20.21
M ale_____
Female___
12
12
2,396
2,375
50.3
50.1
.440
.372
22.13
18.64
12
4,771
50.2
.407
20.43
South Carolina_______________ Male____ _
Female___
22
22
7,655
4,976
55.2
55.0
.272
.219
15.01
12.05
22
12,631
55.1
.252
13.89
3
3
1,274
888
55.2
55.2
.332
.262
18.33
14. 46
Total..................................
P enn sylvania _______________
T o t a l.................................
Rhode Island________________
T o t a l--.............................
T o ta l-...............................
Virginia______________________
I
M ale____
Female___
3
2,162
55.2
.303
16.73
All States____________________
T o t a l--.............................
Male_____ !
Female. |
151
151
46,879
36,103
53.8
52.8
.347
.301
18. 67
15.89
Grand total............... .......
!
151
82,982
53.3
.328
17.48
AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR
Average and classified earnings per hour are presented in Table 3
for spinners, frame, female; for weavers, male; and for weavers,
female, for each of the specified years 1910 to 1926; and for the
employees in eight other of the most important occupations in the
industry for 1926 only, the latter not being classified prior to 1926.
The classification used in the table is a percentage distribution of
employees in each occupation by average earnings per hour. The
classified figures shown for these occupations are representative of
those for the other occupations in the industry.
Data are presented in the table for males alone in four occupations
and for both sexes in six occupations. The 22,268 males in these
occupations in 1926 represent 48 per cent of the total number of males
covered in that year, and the 26,800 females represent 74 per cent of
the females included in the 1926 study. The males and females in
these occupations represent 59 per cent of the total number of employ
ees in all occupations in 1926. Employees in these occupations are
also classified by average earnings per hour and by States in Table B,
pages 29 to 34. They are also classified by average full-time hours
per week in Table 4 and in Table C, pages 35 to 37; by number of
days on which employees worked in pay period in Table 6; by hours
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
9
worked in pay period in Table’ D, pages 38 to 43; and by earnings
in pay period in Table E, pages 44 to 49.
The table showing classified average earnings per hour is graphic
in effect, in that it shows that the lowest averages in the later years
for a great majority of the employees begin where the highest aver
ages ended in the early years. Example: In 1910 and 1911 only
1 per cent of the male weavers earned as much as 25 cents and over
per hour, and in 1912 and 1913 only 3 per cent earned that amount,
while in 1920, 1922, 1924, and 1926 the percentage earning 25 cents
and over ranges from approximately 87 (in 1922) to 99 (in 1920).
In 1910 the 5,334 male weavers earned an average of 15.1 cents per
hour and 5 per cent earned less than 10 cents per hour. Average
earnings per hour in this occupation increased to 57.3 cents in 1920,
when less than 1 per cent of the 6,077 employees in the occupation
earned under 25 cents per hour. The average decreased from 57.3
cents in 1920 to 38.9 cents in 1922, increased to 44.9 cents in 1924,
and then dropped to 39.6 cents in 1926, when 1 per cent of the 8,603
covered in that year earned 16 and under 18 cents; 1 per cent earned
18 and under 20 cents; and approximately 98 per cent earned 20
cents or more per hour. Fourteen per cent earned 25 and under 30
cents, 35 per cent earned 30 and under 40 cents, 23 per cent earned
40 and under 50 cents, 13 per cent earned 50 and under 60 cents, 5
per cent earned 60 and unaer 70 cents, and 1 per cent earned 70 and
under 80 cents per hour.
T a b le 3.— Average and classified earnings per hour of employees in 10 specified occupations, 1910 to 1926, by occupation, sex, cmd t/ear
Weavers?
M ale..
561
$0,289
4
5
4
8
6
20
10
16
14
7
<9
3,704
5,981
6,364
6,762
6,906
7,706
7,752
.108
.111
.124
. 128
.132
.149
.233
.427
.301
.319
.282
40
35
21
20
18
17
1
(»)
1
1
x
23
26
23
22
21
13
3
<9
1
2
2
23
25
21
18
17
13
5
<9 ‘
2
3
2
11
11
25
25
24
10
8
(9
3
3
3
3
<9
3
(9
3
7
4
10
5
14
12
21
9
9
1
1
44
8
4
6
5
7
(9
<9
1
1
1
12
20
4
19
18
25
0)
<9
l
28
10
13
15
16
<9
16
23
28
19
24
1
29
19
23
13
(l)
24
1
7
1
<9
<9
.151
.156
.169
.170
.176
.205
.301
5
4
3
3
3
16
12
9
10
7
4
<9
.573
(9
21
19
15
14
12
8
1
<9
(9
21
22
16
15
15
11
2
(9
0)
17
19
19
18
17
12
3
9
11
19
21
25
29
18
(9
9
5
7
4
6
15
16
19
36
17
1
9
6
9
*1
*1
*3
13
>5
18
22
1
14
9
14
0)
<9
1
1
2
13
23
2
12
9
16
4
36
9
30
26
35
(3)
11
20
26
24
23
1
29
13
21
13
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
90
90
104
105
95
96
114
151
58
89
89
100
103
93
95
114
151
59
89
89
101
103
92
95
114
151
6,634
8,314
9,684
5.334
8,855
9,775
9,485
9,755
10,279
8,301
6,077
7,410
9,024
8,603
6.334
10,792
10,998
11,236
11,188
11,546
10,993
7,681
7,644
8,493
7,596
.389
.449
.396
.147
.148
.163
.164
.167
.201
.285
.528
.380
.429
.375
0)
(9
(I)
0)
0)
6
5
3
3
3
<9
(l)
(i)
0)
(9
(■)
8
19
16
10
10
10
5
1
8
(i)
■
22
22
15
15
13
7
2
(1)
(i)
(9
<9
1
25
23
19
18
17
10
3
(9
1
7
<»)
1
15
18
20
20
20
11
4
(,)i
1
1
10
13
16
16
16
12
4
<9
2
1
1
8
10
16
16
16
15
5
<9
2
1
2
2
37
12
32
24
34
(9
31
10
22
11
<9
(9
(V)
0)
<9
~ w
<9
25
4
11
5
11
(9
3
1
(9
20
1
7
3
1
........ !
..........1..........
1
1
6
0)
(1
0)
(l)
0)
0)
(•)
w
(9
6
26
31
27
22
1
5
3
(!)
0)
(1)
i
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
1
0)
0)
0)
(9
0)
MANTJS'ACTUBING
Female..
1926
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
HOURS— COTTON-GOODS
Female..
90
40,
50,
70,
80,
30,
60,
| 16,
20, | 25,
18,
10,
Un
12,
$1.10, $1.25
$1,
der under under under under under under under under under under under under under cts., under under and
50
60
80
90 under $1.10
30
40
70
14
25
16
18
20
12
10
$1.25 over
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
cts.
$1
cts.
AND
Spinners, frame:
M ale.............
Year
Per cent of employees whose earnings per hour were—
WAGES
Occupation and sex
N um N um Avcrage
ber of
of
earn
estab ber
em
ings
lish
per
ments ployees hour
1926
151
964
.297
1926
151
1,644
.322
1926
1926
139
124
2,545
2,950
.343
.368
1926
1926
146
32
3,657
502
.307
.344
1
1926
1926
•
151
24
4,136
.190
.246
8
6
1926
146
751
.411
1926
151
3,329
.489
1926
1926
45
132
190
1,932
.295
.246
i Less than 1 per cent.
* Classified in former bulletins as “ 25 cents and over.”
5
4
30
16
30
13
1
2
31
18
24
22
2
(i)
1
1
9
7
24
12
43
42
14
31
6
5
1
<*)
(0
2
1
3
1
22
9
23
9
32
63
14
16
2
1
(«)
0)
25
9
21
12
17
26
4
17
8
18
5
1
8
9
34
18
23
8
30
25
19
21
33
17
5
1
2
2
(*)
<*>
0)
1
(»)
<*)
6
2
7
2
12
35
24
(*)
21
33
0)
0)
(1)
4
0)
(*)
0)
3 Less than 1 per cent and classified in former bulletins as “ 40 cents and over.**
* Less than 1 per cent and classified in former bulletins as “ 60 cents and oyer.**
AND
SUMMARY
1
IKTHODTJOTION
Picker tenders:
M ale.................................
Card tenders and strippers:
M ale.................................
Speeder tenders:
M ale.................................
Female_____ . . . ________
Doffers:
M ale............. ..................
Female.................... .........
Spooler tenders:
M ale.................................
Female_______ _________
Slasher tenders:
M ale.................................
Loom fixers:
M ale.................................
Trim mers or inspectors:
M ale.................................
Female.............................
12
"WAGES AND HOURS---- COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
FULL-TIME HOURS PER WEEK AND PER DAY, 1926
The regular or normal hours of a cotton mill are the hours when
the mill is working its recognized standard of hours as established
by a regular time of beginning and of quitting work, less the regular
time off duty for meals, and with no overtime and no loss of time for
any cause.
Table 4 shows the per cent of employees in each of 10 important
occupations at each group of full-time hours per week for each of
the years 1910 to 1926 for which data are shown.
Reading the figures for speeder tenders, male, in explanation of
the data in the table, it is seen that in 1910 the full-time hours of
64 per cent of the employees in the occupation were 60 per week
and that the hours of 36 per cent were over 60 per week. The
average decreased from 61.4 hours per week in 1910 to 54.1 per week
in 1922, when the hours of 16 per cent were 48 per week, 2 per cent
were over 48 and under 54 per week, 6 per cent were 54 per week,
70 per cent were over 54 and under 57 per week, and the full-time
hours of 6 per cent were 60 per week. The average increased from
54.1 per week in 1922 to 54.3 in 1924 and to 55.1 in 1926, when the
full-time hours of 15 per cent of the 2,545 covered in that year were
60 per week and of 1 per cent were over 60 per week.
T
able
4.— Average and classified full-time hours per week of employees in 10
specified occupations, 1910 to 1926, by sex and year
Occupation and sex
Picker tenders:
M a le __________________
Cord tenders and strippers:
M ale_____ - _- ___ - - ___
Speeder tenders:
M ale___________________
Females____ ___________
* Less than 1 per cent.
Year
A ver
N um
N um
age
ber
ber
full
of
of
time
estab
em
hours
lish ployees
per
ments
week
1920
1922
1924
1926
93
95
114
151
919
777
1,018
964
52.3
53.1
53.6
54.1
1920
1922
1924
1926
96
96
114
151
1,156*
1,096
1,367
1,644
52.9
53.5
53.6
54.1
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
32
62
62
61
58
95
98
87
90
109
139
426
623
666
745
799
1,739
1,478
1,506
1,745
2,177
2?545
61.4
61.2
59.7
59.8
59.3
58.5
58.2
54.2
54.1
54.3
55.1
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
57
82
82
79
79
95
100
82
89
105
124
1,175
1,753
1,784
1,946
2,001
2,986
3,214
2,476
2,372
2,703
2,950
57.8
57.9
56.6
56.5
55.8
55.6
55.0
50.2
51.0
51.2
51.0
Per cent of employees whose full-time
hours per week were—
Un
der
48
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
48
Over
48,
un
der
54
54
45
25
23
21
I
4
(*)
1
8
18
17
13
33
49
52
55
38
22
22
20
1
3
1
1
7
19
16
13
41
50
55
54
20
16
15
10
2
(*>
0)
69
54
52
54
1
3
1
1
8
5
11
15
28
4
6
8
5
44
46
50
51
79
12
22
23
21
Over 57,
54,
un un
der
der
60
57
0)
1
11
3
62
70
69
69
51
46
6
5
19
23
5
13
19
22
21
1
0)
3
3
2
1
1
3
27
31
30
31
10
11
60 Over
60
11
4
7
7
11
6
6
10
64
76
87
93
87
71
69
13
6
8
15
14
15
18
18
21
16
15
4
2
3
1
(0
0)
3
1
36
21
3
1
(i)
(»)
1
8
8
2
1
(1)
«
(*)
0)
(»)
13
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
T a b le 4.— Average and classified full-time hours per week of employees in 10
specified occupations, 1910 to 1926, by sex and year— Continued
Occupation and sex
Year
Spinners, frame:
M ale.__________________
Female.—. —. ___ —_____
Doffers:
Male___________________
Female_________________
Spooler tenders:
M ale..................................
Female________________
Slasher tenders:
M ale..................................
Loom fixers:
Male..................................
* Less than 1 per cent.
45901°— 27------ 3
N um N um Aver
age
ber
ber
full
of
of
time
estab
em
hours
lish
per
ments ployees week
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
36
46
49
49
38
41
53
34
49
64
54
59
88
88
90
90
104
105
95
96
114
151
261
700
564
530
483
489
383
345
547
906
561
3,704
5,981
6,364
6,762
6,906
7,706
7,752
6,330
6,634
8,314
9,684
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
99
102
89
91
109
146
19
26
21
28
27
32
3,206
2,857
2,717
2,716
3,133
3,657
537
703
543
460
478
502
55.0
52.6
49.8
50.9
50.9
51.4
1924
1926
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
8
6
104
105
95
95
113
151
37
24
3,662
3,759
3,010
3,091
3,646
4,136
55.0
59.2
57.2
56.2
52.2
52.9
53.3
53.6
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
57
85
85
87
87
96
99
89
92
114
146
276
455
449
485
528
581
608
504
547
636
751
58.4
58.5
57.4
57.5
56.8
56.8
56.5
52.1
52.7
53.0
53.3
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
59
88
88
90
90
102
103
93
95
114
151
1,267
2,200
2,290
2,370
2,491
2,776
2,709
2,366
2,456
2,962
3,329
57.2
57.2
56.7
56.9
54.7
56.6
54.3
50.7
53.4
53.2
55.1
59.0
59.1
58.0
57.8
56.9
57.2
56.1
51.8
52.6
53.1
53.5
57.6
sa 1
53.1
53.5
54.0
54.2
Per cent of employees whose full-time
hours per week were—
Un
der
48
48
Over
48,
un
der
54
54
Over 57,
54,
un un
der der
60
57
61
57
3
14
12
11
(>)
0)
0)
5
6
3
1
0)
1
12
8
4
(0
1
7
16
13
4
1
(i)
0)
4
3
3
1
1
58.7
58.6
57.7
57.6
56.8
56.8
56.4
52.2
52.9 (0
52.9
53.5 ____
48
13
32
16
42
30
26
24
2
1
1
2
1
1
0)
25
19
18
17
49
43
47
42
40
28
24
24
2
0)
0)
(l)
1
3
3
2
(l)
1
0)
4
0)
0)
0)
45
32
30
27
46
32
32
27
1
5
1
1
1
4
1
0)
42
38
44
47
58
5
11
49
7
34
11
3
31
50
20
33
48
35
4
3
27
28
33
29
54
8
16
16
13
12
56 ........
35
17
27
27
3
26
3
26
5
20
7
18
2 0)
35
46
53
54
19
34
4
6
8
6
32
84
36
48
44
50
13
2
51
63
67
66
27
1
1
2
4
5
8
30
49
7
10
11
9
100
17
16
3
41
52
59
59
31
30
33
34
57
6
13
15
14
42
33
4
3
22
21
3
42
45
51
53
19
32
34
32
5
8
25
27
33
33
60
8
13
15
11
42
33
8
8
24
23
3
37
42
49
52
18
30
31
29
6
7
0)
4
0)
60 Over
60
17
7
8
22
16
39
25
4
13
0)
15
29
30
41
41
42
45
38
8
3
4
7
61
51
12
5
6
9
2
3
2
1
6
7
18
16
3
2
0)
(1)
1
0)
1
1
1
0)
0)
1
33
C1)
7
<*)
1
1
1
<‘>
21
47
43
8
3
4
7
54
0)
0)
26
23
30
34
39
37
39
6
4
3
4
13
12
1
1
0)
(0
1
23
25
34
34
36
35
34
8
6
4
8
17
12
2
2
1
2
4
1
1
0)
1
0)
0)
0)
1
14
T
WAGES AND HOUBS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTTJBING
able
Average and classified full-time hours per week of employees in 10
specified occupations, 1910 to 1926, by sex and year— Continued
4 .—
Occupation and sex
Weavers:
Male
............................
Female__________ ____ -
Trimmers or inspectors:
Male_______ _______ ___
Female________________
Year
N um N um
ber
ber
of
of
estab
em
lish ployees
ments
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
58
88
88
89
89
100
103
93
95
114
151
5,334
8,855
9,775
9,485
9,755
10,279
8,301
6,077
7,410
9,024
8,603
58.8
58.6
57.5
57.6
56.8
56.7
56.2
51.8
52.6
52.8
53.2
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
1920
1922
1924
1926
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
1926
59
88
88
89
89
101
103
92
95
114
151
22
28
36
45
46
75
77
77
74
83
87
76
78
92
132
6,334
10,792
10,998
11,236
11,188
11,546
10,993
7,681
7,644
8,493
7,596
76
78
158
190
408
712
708
687
720
971
1,175
1,045
1,056
1,602
1,932
57.8
57.9
56.9
56.7
55.8
55.7
55.4
50.3
51.6
51.8
51.9
53.4
54.3
55.3
53.0
58.3
58.7
57.7
57.9
57.2
56.7
55.6
51.6
52.5
52.7
52.6
Per cent of employees whose full-time
hours per week were—
Un
der
48
0)
0)
1
0)
1
(0
0)
0)
1
1
1
p>
h
2
3
3
1
W
0
48
Over
48,
un
der
54
0)
47
35
33
33
0)
2
0)
0)
0)
66
46
44
45
25
12
5
32
45
34
31
36
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
54
30
29
34
36
58
7
10
12
7
35
39
43
44
73
10
22
20
11
1
8
10
4
29
27
33
33
64
16
20
20
17
Over
54, 57,
un un
der der
60
57
41
35
8
6
20
19
4
41
48
51
51
51
39
6
5
29
30
3
19
26
33
39
74
81
77
63
39
32
3
5
11
17
4
30
41
45
40
13
27
24
23
4
7
(l)
26
41
41
39
7
7
25
28
27
26
14
17
60 Over
60
27
25
37
41
41
39
37
4
5
3
7
13
13
17
17
21
19
23
4
3
2
4
8
2
27
29
38
39
42
30
30
6
3
2
6
19
13
1
1
(i)
1
(i)
1
2
9
7
1
1
(i)
0)
0)
9
11
2
4
1
1
1
1
1 Less than 1 per cent.
Table 5 shows by States the full-time hours per week and per day
for all the mills included in the 1926 study.
Full-time hours for day work were 48 per week in 33 mills in Con
necticut, Massachusetts, New York, and Rhode Island; 50 per week
in 1 mill in Pennsylvania; 54 per week in 20 mills in Maine, New
Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island; 55 per
week in 78 mills in Alabama, Connecticut, Georgia, North Carolina,
South Carolina, and Virginia; 56 per week in 6 mills in North Carolina
and Virginia; 60 per week in 12 mills in Georgia and North Carolina;
and 61 hours per week in 1 mill in North Carolina. For night work
the hours were 50 per week in 2 mills in Alabama and Maine; 55 per
week in 31 mills in Alabama, Georgia, New Hampshire, North Caro
lina, and South Carolina; 60 per week in 10 mills in Georgia, Massa
chusetts, New York, and North Carolina.
Full-time hours per day for day work, Monday to Friday, range
from 8 % to 11 in the 151 mills included in the study. On Saturday
hours rjange from 3 to 6 in 150 of the 151 mills. One mill with 11
hours per day, Monday to Friday, had no regular hours on Saturday.
15
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
Full-time hours per day for night work, Monday to Friday, were
10 or 50 per week in 2 mills, 11 or 55 per week in 30 mills, 12 Monday
to Thursday and 7 Friday or 55 per week in i mill, and 12 Monday
to Friday or 60 per week in 10 mills. Mills with regular night work
Monday to Friday had no regular hours on Saturday.
T
able
5 . — Classification
of establishments in each State by full-time hours per
week and per day, 1926
Full-time hours
per day
Number of establishments in—
Full-time
M on
hours
per week day
Fri Satur
to
Ala. Conn. Ga. M e. Mass. N .H . N .Y . N .C .
Thurs day day
day
Pa. R . I . S.C. Va. T o
tal
Day work
1
48 hours— i
I
50 hours..
m
8H
9
9
m
54 hours.. '| 9«/«
10
9H
55 hours. _ ■ 10
11
10
56 hours..
m
60 hours— 11
61 hours.. 11
m
m
9
9
9H
9H
9«/6
10
9H
10
11
10
m
11
11
1
21
1
1
4H
3
5
5H
5
45/6
4
6
5
1
4
4
6
1
1
1
15
1
3
2
1
1
34
9
..........1..........
1
1
1
{
6
6
5
1
5
1
1
5
1
6
4%
5
6
Total-
1
1
5
23
6 1
22
2
1
5
6
1
3
27
3
1
11
5
2
2
1
76
1
1
5
12
1
3
47
11
1
12
1
1
2
30
1
10
1
14
11
43
3
12
22
3
151
Night work
10
55 hours.. f 11
I 12
80 hours.. 12
50 hours. .
10
11
7
12
Total-
1
4
1
1
2
5
5
7
3
1
3
1
OVERTIME
Overtime as reported in the cotton-goods manufacturing industry
is generally understood as any time worked in excess of the regular
standard of hours per day or per week as established by a specified
time for beginning and for quitting work, less the regular time off
duty at or near noon for meals, or at night for employees who work
on a night shift.
In the 1926 study of the industry 140 of the 151 cotton mills covered
in that year reported the same rate of pay for overtime as for regular
work. Five mills reported 50 per cent extra or one and one-half
times the regular rate for overtime, the rate applying to all employees
in the mill. Two mills reported one and one-half times the regular
rate for overtime, the rate applying to only a part of the employees
in the mill. One mill reported one and one-half times the regular
rate to a part of the employees in the mill, and one and one-fourth
times the regular rate for overtime to the other part. Two mills
reported one and one-fourth times the regular rate for overtime, the
rate applying to all employees. One mill reported 15 per cent extra
for overtime, this rate being paid for such work to only a part of the
employees in the mill.
16
WAGES AND HOURS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
BONUSES
Only 28 of the 151 mills covered in 1926 had bonus systems in
operation during the pay period for which data were taken. In 17
mills the bonus was based on production, in 9 on attendance, *and in
2 on attendance and production. In part of these 28 mills all
employees were paid the bonus, and in the remainder the bonus was
paid to only a certain portion of the employees.
DAYS ON WHICH EMPLOYEES WORKED, 1926
Table 6 shows for 10 of the most important occupations in the
cotton industry the average and the actual number of days on which
employees worked in a representative pay period in 1926.
“ Days on which employees worked” means the number of calendar
days or parts of days on which any work was done. In compiling
this table any part of a day has been counted as a day.
The 964 male picker tenders in the 151 mills covered in 1926 worked
an average of 5 days in one week. Forty-two of them worked on
1 day only, 35 on 2 days, 48 on 3 days, 118 on 4 days, 269 on 5 days,
and 452 worked on 6 days in a 1-week pay period.
It will be observed that data in the table are for a 1-week pay
period for nine occupations and for a 2-week pay period for weavers.
T
able
6.— Average and actual number of days on which employees in 10 specified
occupations worked in pay period, 1926, by occupation and sex
One-week pay period
Occupation and sex
Picker tenders:
Male___________________
Card tenders and strippers:
Male___________________
Speeder tenders:
Male..................................
Female..............................
Spinners, frame:
M ale___________________
F e m a le ...........................
Doffers:
M ale___________________
_______________
Spooler tenders:
M ale___________________
Female..............................
Slasher tenders:
Male..................................
Loom fixers:
M ale..................................
Trimmers or inspectors:
M ale___________________
Female..............................
Average
N um N um number
ber of ber of of days
estab em on which
lish ploy
em
ployees
ees
ments
worked
Number of employees who worked—
1
day
2
3
days days
4
days
5
days
6
days
151
964
5.0
42
35
48
118
269
452
151
1,644
4.8
92
80
108
241
447
676
139
124
2,545
2,950
4.6
5.1
170
92
129
84
198
153
406
345
793
726
848
1,550
54
151
561
9,684
4.3
4.7
66
465
33
471
55
745
77
1,618
182
2,562
148
3,823
146 3,657
32
Female
502
4.7
4.9
164
10
184
19
251
48
634
97
1,022
109
1,402
219
6
151
4.5
4.8
130
1
169
2
333
8
691
9
1,069
4
1,744
24
4,136
7
days
1
146
751
5.4
13
12
28
67
139
491
1
151
3,329
5.4
48
66
114
307
656
2,122
16
45
132
190
1,932
5.5
5.3
16
2
37
2
69
24
235
34
488
128
1,087
Two-week pay period
Occupa
tion and
sex
Weavers:
M a le ...
Female.
Average
Number of employees who worked—
Num - N um number
ber of ber of of days
estab em on which
lish ploy
em
2
3
4
1
5
6
7
8
9
10
ments
ees
ployees day days days days days days days days days days
worked
151
151
8,603
7,596
10.1
10.4
83
64
85
60
111
73
155
106
217
137
415
331
257
194
475
518
664
446
1,305
842
12
11
days days
878
700
3,958
4,125
17
IMPORTANCE OF THE INDUSTRY
INDEX NUMBERS OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS,
1922 TO 1926
In monthly reports on “ Employment in Selected Manufacturing
Industries” in the United States the Bureau of Labor Statistics
publishes index numbers of employment and of pay rolls. The num
bers in Table 7 are for each of the months, July, 1922, to December,
1926, and also for the years 1923 to 1926, with the 1923 average as
the base or 100 per cent.
Employment in the cotton industry, as shown in the table, de
creased from an index of 100 in 1923 to 83 in 1924, increased to 84 in
1925, and then dropped to 83.1 in 1926. July,. 1924, with an index of
73, was lower, and March, 1923, with an index of 106.5, was higher
in employment than any other month in the period.
The amount of pay rolls in the industry decreased from 100 in 1923
to 80.7 in 1924, increased to 81.9 in 1925, and then dropped to 81 in
1926, or 19 below the 1923 index. July, 1924, with an index of 64.1,
was lower, and May, 1923, with an index of 110.1, was higher, in
amount of pay rolls than any other month in the period.
T a b l e 7 . — Index
numbers of employment and of pay-roll totals, July, 1922, to
December, 1926, by month and year
[Average for 1923=100]
Index numbers of—
M onth
Employment
January_____________
February___________
March ____ :_______
April________________
M a y ________________
June__............. ............
July..............................
August....... .................
September__________
October_____________
Novem ber...................
December___________
1924
Pay-roll totals
1925
1926
1922
1923
83.8
87.7
92.3
95.6
102.3
103.6
104.9
105.3
106.5
106.2
106.1
104.3
96.1
93.9
95.1
92.2
93.7
95.7
93.4
93.1
89.8
86.0
82.9
80.6
73.0
74.5
76.3
80.2
80.3
85.9
87.3
88.2
87.8
87.9
86.4
84.7
77.6
77.9
76.8
83.1
85.0
85.4
85.6
86.0
86.8
86.0
as. 8
81.7
76.4
76.2
81.0
83.4
84.2
85.6
100.0
83.0
84.0
83.1
Average_______
1922
71.2
74.8
81.3
82.0
92.7
96.0
1923
1924
1925
1926
97.6
97.8
99.9
103.0
110.1
105.3
96.4
97.9
101.4
94.0
94.1
102.5
99.3
97.2
89.9
84.9
79.2
73.0
64.1
67.8
71.6
77.6
76.2
87.4
87.4
88.2
88.8
88.1
85.9
80.4
73.7
74.1
68.1
79.9
82.2
85.7
85.4
86.4
87.5
86.1
79.8
77.4
69.0
71.4
78.1
81.8
82.9
86.6
100.0
80.7
81.9
81.0
IMPORTANCE OF THE INDUSTRY
Table 8 shows the number of establishments, average number of
wage earners, amount of wages, cost of materials, value of the prod
ucts, and value added by manufacture in the cotton-goods manufac
turing industry. These figures are as reported by the United States
Bureau of the Census for each of the specified years, 1899 to 1925.
The same figures are also shown for 1923 for each of the 12 principal
cotton-goods manufacturing States. Computations based on these
figures to show the average per wage earner for each of the items have
been made and are shown in the table.
Average annual wages per wage earner range from $286 in 1899 to
$816 in 1923. The averages by States in 1923 range from $588 in
Georgia to $1,335 in Pennsylvania.
18
WAGES AND HOURS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
Wages formed 60 per cent of the value added by manufacture in
1914, the highest percentage in any of the years 1899 to 1925, and
42 per cent in 1919, the year of lowest percentage. The per cent
wages formed of the value added by manufacture in the various
States in 1923 range from 42 in Alabama and Virginia to 76 in Maine.
Number of establishments and of wage earners, wages, cost of materials,
value of products, and value added by manufacture in the cotton-goods industry,
1899 to 1925
T a b l e 8 .—
State and year
United States:
1899....................................
1904...................................
1909...................................
1914..................................
1919..................................
1921..................................
1923..................................
1925...................................
Number
Average
of estab number of
lishments wage earners
Wages
Cost of materials
Value of prod
ucts
973
1,077
1,208
1,179
1,288
1 1,328
1 1,375
1 1,366
297,929
310,458
371,182
388,726
445,423
425,319
485,784
445,184
$85,126,310
94,377,696
129,789,717
146,129,628
355,474,937
328,226,744
396,602,644
353,882,870
$173,441,390
282,047.648
364,013,504
431,602,540
1,277,785,597
707,442,097
1,147,372,215
1,077,152,614
$332,806,156
442,451,218
615,217,702
676,569,115
2,125,272,193
1,278,220,831
1,901,125,703
1,714,367,787
Alabama.................................
Connecticut............................
Georgia....................................
Maine......................................
Massachusetts........................
New Hampshire....................
N ew Y ork...............................
N orth Carolina......................
Pennsylvania.........................
Rhode Island..........................
South Carolina......................
Virginia...................................
All other States......................
61
48
129
16
191
17
49
351
127
81
152
8
145
20,325
14,865
47,479
13,810
113,707
18,516
9,319
81,041
12,758
33,993
62,479
7,883
35,328
12,147,143
15,285,494
27,938,362
13,975,870
115,080,841
17,223,099
9,966,670
54,842,992
17,036,751
36,728,093
40,735,242
7,413,628
28,228,459
57,232,626
32,421,277
140,578,003
28,255,722
223,569,567
39,715,984
26,907,876
210,369,530
53,564,278
62, 532,105
156,440,873
18,098,437
97, <585,937
86,384,725
61,067,126
201,860,151
46,702,017
415,922,838
66,166,016
44,927.219
326,572,014
91,685,658
126,701,356
243,488,841
35,876,478
153,771,264
State and year
Value added b y
manufacture
1923
United States:
1899_.................................
1904..................................
1909...................................
1914-.................................
1919-.................................
1921..................................
1923-.................................
1925...................................
Wages
per wage
earner
Cost
Value
of material of products
per wage
per wage
earner
earner
Value
Per cent
added by wages
are
manufac
of value
ture per
added
wage earner
$159,364,766
160,403,570
251,204,198
244,966,575
847,486,596
570,778,734
753,753,488
637,215,173
$286
304
350
376
798
772
816
795
$582
908
981
1,110
2,869
1,663
2,362
2,420
$1,117
1,425
1,657
1,740
4,771
3,005
3,914
3,851
$535
517
677
630
1,903
1,342
1,552
1,431
53
59
52
60
42
58
53
56
29,152,099
28,645,849
61,282,148
18,446,295
192,353,271
26,450,032
18,019,343
116,202,484
38,121,380
64,169,251
87,047,968
17,778,041
56,085,327
598
1,028
588
1,012
1,012
930
1,069
677
1,335
1,080
652
940
799
2,816
2,181
2,961
2,046
1,966
2,145
2,887
2,596
4,198
1,840
2,504
2,296
2,765
4,250
4,108
4,252
3,382
3,658
3,573
4,821
4,030
7,187
3,727
3,897
4,551
4,353
1,434
1,927
1,291
1,336
1,692
1,428
1,934
1,434
2,988
1,888
1,393
2,255
1,588
42
53
46
76
60
65
55
47
45
57
47
42
50
1923
Alabama.................................
Connecticut............................
Georgia....................................
M aine......................................
Massachusetts........................
New Hampshire....................
N ew Y ork...............................
North Carolina......................
Pennsylvania.........................
Rhode Island..........................
South Carolina......................
Virginia...................................
A ll other States......................
i Data for establishments with products less than $5,000 in value not included.
WAGES AND HOURS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
19
PRICES OF COTTON, AND INDEX NUMBERS, 1913 TO 1926
Table 9 shows the average wholesale price per pound of cotton,
middling upland, New York, as published in Bulletin No. 440 of the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, pages 50 and 51, for each of the years
from 1913 to 1926, and the index numbers of wholesale prices of
cotton, cotton goods, and average earnings per hour, with the 1913
average as the base or 100 per cent.
“ Cotton goods” as here used includes each of the various kinds of
cotton goods for which wholesale prices are shown in Bulletins Nos.
415 and 440 of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The figures used in
computing the index numbers for cotton goods were obtained by
weighting the price of each kind of goods by the quantity (as nearly
as could be determined) thereof sold in the markets in 1919. For
the kinds of cotton goods and the weightings, see pages 220 and 221
of Bulletin No. 440.
Between 1913 and 1926 the average price per pound of cotton,
middling, upland, New York, ranged from 10.2 cents in 1915 to 33.9
cents in 1920. The average price increased from an index of 100 in
1913 to 264.9 in 1920, an increase of 164.9 per cent; dropped to 118.2
in 1921; increased to 228.9 in 1923; and then dropped to 137.1 in 1926.
Cotton-goods prices increased from an index of 100 in 1913 to
328.6 in 1920, the increase being 228.6 per cent over the 1913 price,
as compared with an increase of only 164.9 in the price of cotton;
dropped from 328.6 in 1920 to 158.5 in 1921; increased to 199.1 in
1923; and then dropped to 160.3 in 1926.
Average earnings per hour increased from an index of 100 in 1913
to 323.5 in 1920, the increase being approximately the same as the
increase in the wholesale price of cotton goods between 1913 and
1920; dropped to 222.4 in 1922; increased to 250.7 in 1924; and
then decreased to 221 in 1926.
T a b l e 9 . — Average
wholesale prices of cotton and index numbers of prices of cotton
and cotton goods, and average earnings per hour, 1913 to 1926, by year
[1913=100]
Year
Index numbers
Cotton,
middling,
Average
upland,
price per Average
N ew
York,
pound,
price per
average middling,
yard,
cotton
price per upland,
cotton,
goods
pound
N ew York
1913.................... .................... $0,128
1914..........................................
.121
1915....................................... .
.102
. 145
1916...................- .....................
1917........................................
.235
1918..........................................
. 318
1919..........................................
.325
.339
1920 ........................................
1921..........................................
.151
1922..........................................
.212
1923..........................................
.293
1924.......................................... .287
1925..........................................
.235
1926..........................................
.175
1 Wage data not collected b y the bureau in this year.
100.0
94.6
79.4
113.1
183.7
248.5
253.9
264.9
118.2
165.9
228.9
224.6
183.3
137.1
100.0
94.6
88.9
121.6
176.2
264.8
257.0
328.6
158.5
171.7
199.1
194.5
181.1
160.3
of—
Average
earnings
per hour
100.0
103.1
0)
120.6
0)
179.9
0)
323.5
(0
222.4
0)
250.7
«
221.0
20
WAGES AND HOURS---- COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
EXPLANATION OF SCOPE AND METHOD
This bulletin includes 1926 data as to wages and hours of labor
for the wage earners in 151 cotton mills. The mills are engaged in
the manufacture of broad or wide-woven cotton goods of varying
weight and quality. Data were not collected from any mills in which
all or the major portion of the products was narrow goods, thread, or
novelties.
The number of mills for which data are presented for each of the
years since 1910 is as follows:
191 0
______________________________
59 establishments.
1911 and 1912___________________________________
88 establishments.
1913 and 1914___________________________________
90 establishments.
1916____________________________________________ 105 establishments.
1918____________________________________ _______ 106 establishments.
1920______________________________________ :_____
96 establishments.
1922____________________________________________
97 establishments.
1924_______________ ____________________________ 114 establishments.
1926____________________________________________ 151 establishments.
In selecting mills from which to obtain data the bureau in 1926, as
in other years, included all States in which cotton-goods manufac
turing is of material importance, especially in the number of wage
earners.
Table 10 shows by States the number of wage earners in the indus
try in 1923 according to the United States Census of Manufactures.
The number of mills from which the bureau obtained data for 1926
and the number of wage earners therein for whom data are presented
are also shown in the table. According to these figures nearly
93 per cent of the total number of wage earners in the industry
were in the States in which the mills furnishing information to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics are located. The number of wage earners
included in the 1926 study of the industry is nearly 18 per cent of the
total in the industry in 1923.
T a b le
1 0 . — Number of wage earners in cotton-goods manufacturing in 1923
of establishments and employees for which 1926 data are shown, by State
State
Establishments
and
employees for which
Number of
data are shown for
employees
1926 in this report
reported
b y United
States
Census
Number of Number of
establish
in 1923
employees
ments
Alabama.......................... .
Connecticut____________
Georgia..............................
Maine........................ ........
M assachusetts__________
New Hampshire________
N ew Y ork______________
North Carolina_________
Pennsylvania......... ..........
Rhode Island....................
South Carolina_________
Virginia_________ ______
Other States____________
20,325
14,865
47,479
13,810
113,707
18,516
9,319
81,041
12,758
33,993
62,479
7,883
35,328
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
5,352
2,918
9,765
3,237
17,305
4,273
2,194
17,621
753
4,771
12,631
2,162
Total........................
471,503
151
82,982
and
GENERAL TABLES
21
Full-time hours per week are the regular hours during which, under
normal conditions, employees in an occupation are on duty. Such
hours do not in any way indicate the extent of employment or of
unemployment. Employees may work overtime or broken time, or
be laid off, or a temporary reduction may be made in working hours
without affecting in any way the full-time hours as here presented.
The average earnings per hour as published in the tables in this
bulletin include the earnings of both time workers and piece workers
and are obtained by dividing the total earnings of all employees in an
occupation in the pay period by the total number of hours worked.
Where no record of actual time worked was regularly kept for piece
workers, the officials of the mills, at the request of the bureau, had a
record of actual time worked kept for a representative pay period.
Full-time earnings per week are the earnings of employees working
full time, or broken time reduced to equivalent earnings for a full
week.
A description of each of the occupations or operations in a repre
sentative cotton mill is published in Bulletin No. 239 of the Bureau of
Labor Statistics.
The occupations are arranged in the tables approximately in the
order of manufacture, as follows:
Picker tenders.
Card tenders and strippers.
Card grinders.
Drawing-frame tenders.
Slubber tenders.
Speeder tenders.
Spinners, mule.
Spinners, frame.
Doffers.
Spooler tenders.
Creelers or tiers-in.
Warper tenders.
Beamer tenders.
Slasher tenders.
Drawers-in.
Warp-tying-machine tenders.
Loom fixers.
Weavers.
Trimmers or inspectors.
Other employees.
GENERAL TABLES
In addition to the text tables already shown, five general tables
are presented, as follows:
T able A.—Average number of days on which employees worked,
average full-time and actual hours and earnings in pay period, average
earnings per hour, and per cent of full-time worked, 1926, by occu
pation, sex, and State.
In this table are shown by occupation and by State all of the various
averages which have been computed from the data collected in 1926.
These are the averages of the days on which employees actually worked
in one representative pay period of two weeks for weavers and of one
week for all other occupations in 1926, full-time hours per week, of
hours actually worked in one pay period, of earnings per hour, of
full-time earnings in pay period, and of actual earnings in one repre
sentative pay period.
The presentation in this table in parallel columns of “ Average
full-time hours per pay period” and “ Average hours actually worked
in pay period” is for the purpose of easy comparison of the hours that
would be worked in a pay period should all employees in an occupation
work no more nor less than full-time, with the average hours actually
worked in a pay period by the employees who did any work in the pay
period.
45901°— 27------ 4
22
WAGES AND HOURS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
T able B.— Average and classified earnings per hour in 10 specified
occupations, 1926, by sex and State.
T able C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 10
specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State.
T able D.— Average and classified hours actually worked in pay
period in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State.
T able E.— Average and classified actual earnings in pay period in
10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State.
T
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings in pay period, average earnings per hour, and per
cent of full time worked, 1926, by occupation, sex, and State
able
One-week pay period
Occupation, sex, and State
Picker tenders, male:
Alabama......................................
Connecticut_____________ ____
G eorgia.,...........
M aine________ __________ . ___
Massachusetts____ ___________
N ew Hampshire________ ___
N ew Y ork......... .........................
North Carolina.......... ................
Pennsylvania_________________
R hode Island___ ______ ______
South Carolina___ . . . ______ _
Virginia_________ ____________
Aver
age
number
N um N um of days
on
ber of ber of
estab
em
which
lish- ploy
em
ments
ees ployees
worked
in pay
period
Aver
Aver Aver
age
age
Aver age
Per
full
hours
full
age
cent
time
actu
earn time
offuU
earn
hours
ings
ally
time
ings
per worked worked
per
per
in
pay
hour
pay,
pay
period period
period
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
in pay
period
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
85
25
128
41
143
69
28
224
12
51
134
24
4.2
5.8
4.9
4.9
5.2
5.1
4.9
5.2
3.8
5.1
4.8
4.5
50.6
51.9
56.8
54.0
49.1
54.2
48.4
55.7
53.8
50.5
55.0
55.4
41.9
50.0
50.1
45.9
45.1
47.4
41.7
49.6
35.3
44.5
43.3
43.8
74 $0,219 $12.40
96
.363 18.84
88
.215 12.21
85
.353 19.06
.394 19.35
92
.388 21.03
87
86
.387 18.73
.264 14.70
89
.421 22.44
60
.388 19.59
88
.251 13.81
79
79
.250 13.85
$9.20
18.18
10.76
16.21
17.77
18.39
16.12
13.07
14.88
17.27
10.85
10.96
151
964
5.0
54.1
46.3
86
.297
16.07
13.74
Card tenders and strippers, male:
Alabama................. ................... .
Connecticut__________________
Georgia.............. .......... ...............
M aine...................... .....................
Massachusetts................ ...........
N ew Hampshire______________
N ew Y ork_________ __________
N orth Carolina...........................
Pennsylvania________________
Rhode Island...............................
South Carolina...........................
Virginia...................... .................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
125
49
252
54
255
163
33
343
19
72
226
53
4.2
5.7
4.2
5.1
5.4
5.2
4.9
4.9
4.2
5.3
4.2
4.4
54.8
51.1
57.2
53.6
49.3
54.2
48.7
55.9
52.9
51.5
55.0
55.2
42.9
48.5
41.7
48.2
47.7
48.9
42.2
47.0
39.0
48.0
39.1
42.4
78
95
73
90
97
90
87
84
74
93
71
77
.231
.362
.232
.370
.431
.418
.459
.277
.420
.431
.244
.284
)•. 66
18.50
13.27
19.83
21.25
22.66
22.35
15.48
22.22
22.20
13.42
15.68
9.93
17.56
9.66
17.82
20.57
20.45
19.37
18.04
16.41
20.67
9.53
12.05
Total..........................................
151
1,644
4.8
54.1
44.9
83
.322
17.42
14.47
Card grinders, male:
Alabama.......................... ............
Connecticut___ _________ ____
Georgia______________________
M aine...........................................
Massachusetts____ ___________
N ew Hampshire.........................
New Y ork _____ ______________
North C arolin a......... ................
Pennsylvania__ . . . . . . . . . . ____
Rhode Island..............................
South Carolina..___ _________
Virginia______ _______________
6
6
13
5
23
6
3
46
3
12
21
3
32
15
64
21
81
41
10
106
4
21
66
14
5.3
5.7
5.0
5.3
5.7
5.1
5.0
5.7
4.8
5.4
5.4
5.5
54.8
50.8
57.3
53.6
48.4
54.2
49.2
55.6
53.0
51.1
55.0
55.2
53.2
48.1
51.8
50.5
48.6
47.5
49.8
53.8
43.8
47.4
51.9
53.8
97
95
90
94
100
88
101
97
82
93
94
97
.361
.457
.332
.485
.506
.532
.510
.368
.532
.521
.354
.340
19.78
23.22
19.02
26.00
24.49
28.83
25.09
20.46
28.20
26.62
19.47
18.77
19.18
21.96
17.22
24.50
24.57
25.29
25.44
19.82
23.02
24.68
18.37
18.30
147
475
5.5
53.7
51.0
95
.414
22.23
21.10
Total........... . -
___
T otal________________ ______
23
GENERAL TABLES
T
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings in pay period, average earnings per hour, and per
cent of full time worked, 1926, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
One-week pa y period—Continued
1
Occupation, sex, and State
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
Aver
age
numbei.
N um of days
ber of
on
em
which
ploy
em
ees ployees
worked
in pay
period
Aver
Aver Aver
age
Aver
age
age
Aver
Per
full
age
hours
full
age
cent
time actual
time
actu
earn
of
full
earn
earn
ally
hours
ings
ings
ings
per worked time
per in pay
in pay worked > &
pay period
period period
period
Drawing-frame tenders, male:
Alabama_____________________
Connecticut__________________
Georgia______________________
M aine________________________
Massachusetts.................. . „
N ew Hampshire............... .
North Carolina_______________
Rhode Island_________________
South Carolina_______________
Virginia........................................
Other States...............................
4
5
14
2
14
2
47
8
22
3
2
39
26
107
7
80
15
278
28
211
26
5
3.8
5.8
4.0
3.7
5.2
5.1
5.0
5.2
4.4
4.0
5.8
54.1
50.2
57.9
51.7
51.6
54.3
55.7
54.1
55.0
55.2
54.0
37.9
50.5
41.0
36.1
47.3
48.4
47.9
48.8
40.2
38.4
52.3
Total........................................
123
822
4.7
55.0
44.2
Drawing-frame tenders, female:
Alfiharnft,.....................................
Connecticut.................................
Georgia______________________
Maine________________________
Massachusetts________________
New Hampshire______________
New York________ ____ ______
N orth Carolina______ _______ _
Pennsylvania_____________
Rhode Island_______ _____ ___
South Carolina__________ - ___
5
5
9
4
18
6
2
2
3
U
3
81
52
124
63
1T3
78
41
2
16
46
6
4.1
5.7
4.5
4.9
5.2
5.0
4.9
4.5
4.1
5.2
4.8
55.0
49.8
55.9
53.6
48.0
54.0
48.0
55.0
52.3
49.7
55.0
40.3
46.9
43.6
45.6
42.6
.45.5
40.5
42.5
37.8
43.7
43.0
73
94
78
85
89
84
84
77
72
88
78
70 $0,233 $12.61
.326 16.37
101
.231 13.37
71
.297 15.35
70
.368 18.99
92
89
.315 17.10
86
.280 15.60
.379 20.50
90
73
.242 13.31
.296 16.34
70
.307 16.58
97
. 279 1
80 1 —
~
$8.85
16.44
9.45
10.74
17.44
15.22
13.40
18.47
9.72
11.36
16.05
3*
12.35
. 184
.323
.202
.263
.331
.328
.315
.299
.377
.310
.269
10.12
16.09
11.29
14.10
15.89
17.71
15.12
16.45
19.72
15.41
14.80
7.42
15.16
8.83
11.97
14.09
14.92
12.75
12.72
14.28
13.56
11.57
T o t a l........................................
68
682
4.9
51.9
43.3
83
.281
14.58
12.18
Slubber tenders, male:
Alabama________________ ____
Connecticut__________________
Georgia______________________
Maine........................... ................
Massachusetts................ ............
N ew Hampshire______________
New York.......................... ........
North Carolina...... ............... .....
Rhode Island..............................
South Carolina...................... .
Virginia...... .................................
6
6
15
fi
23
6
3
47
12
22
3
88
28
161
37
150
79
15
252
47
209
25
4.1
5.6
4.4
5.4
5.3
4.9
5.1
4.9
5.0
4.1
4.0
54.9
51.3
56.6
53.6
50.3
54.0
49.2
55.8
50.8
55.0
55.3
41.1
48.6
42.4
49.5
46.7
44.4
44.1
47.4
42.5
37.6
39.6
75
95
75
92
93
82
90
85
84
68
72
.293
.463
.306
.470
.498
.513
.599
.321
.519
.307
.339
16.09
23.75
17.32
25.19
25.05
27.70
29.47
17.91
26.37
16.89
18.75
12.03
22.49
12.98
23.28
23.23
22.80
26.43
15.21
22.05
11.54
13.42
Total............. ............................
148
1,091
4.7
54.3
43.6
80
.377
20.47
16.44
Slubber tenders, female:
M assachusetts...........................
Pennsylvania.................. ............
Rhode Island...............................
Other States................................
3
2
2
4
17
8
2
25
5.2
4.5
6.0
5.4
48.0
51.0
51.0
51.2
43.7
37.5
51.0
46.6
91
74
100
91
.423
.398
.448
.378
20.30
20.30
22.85
19.35
18.46
14.94
22.85
17.64
Total..........................................
11
52
5.2
50.1
44.4
89
.398
19.94
17.69
Speeder tenders, male:
Alabama......................................
Connecticut__________________
Georgia........................................
M a in e .,______________ ____ ___
Massachusetts____ ___________
New Hampshire.........................
N ew Y ork....................................
North Carolina..........................
Rhode Island...............................
South C arolin a.........................
Virginia.......... , ............................
6
6
15
5
16
5
3
47
11
22
3
153
42
430
21
228
58
36
832
76
558
111
4.0
5.7
i l
4.8
5.2
4.8
5.3
5.0
4.9
4.2
4.4
54.9
51.2
57.4
53.6
51.1
54.1
49.0
56.0
51.3
55.0
55.3
40.5
47.8
41.4
45.0
47.5
44.3
45.4
48.0
42.3
39.0
42.3
74
93
72
84
93
82
93
86
82
71
76
.293
.451
.291
.467
.460
.467
.495
.333
.462
.294
.378
16.09
23.09
16.70
25.93
23.51
25.26
24.26
18.65
23.70
16.17
20.90
11.85
21.51
12.06
21.01
21.87
20.68
22.45
15.97
19.55
11.45
15.99
Total..........................................
139
2,545
4.6
55.1
43.8
79
.343
18.90
15.04
24
T
WAGES AND HOURS---- COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
A . — Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings in pay period, average earnings per hour, and per
cent of full time worked, 1926, by occupation, sex, and
— Continued
able
One-week pay period—Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
Aver
age
number
N um of days
ber of
on
em
which
em
ploy
ees ployees
worked
in pay
period
Aver
Aver Aver
age
Aver
age
age
Aver full
Per
age
hours
full
age
time actual
cent
time
actu
earn
earn
of
full
earn
hours
ally
ings
ings
ings
per worked time
per
per
in pay
in pay worked hour
pay period
period period
period
Speeder tenders, female:
.........
.
Alabama
Connecticut__________________
Georgia............................ ............
Maine ...
Massachusetts_______ ________
New H am pshire.._____ ______
New Y o r k ...................................
North C a r o li n a ...............
Pennsylvania....................... ^_
Rhode Island.............................
South Carolina___________
Virginia____________________
6
6
10
5
23
6
3
26
3
12
21
3
124
190
135
240
1,079
216
194
117
45
348
229
33
4.3
5.8
4.8
5.1
5.5
4.9
5.0
5.0
4.3
4.7
4.5
4.3
55.0
50.0
56.1
53.6
48.0
53.3
48.5
55.9
53.1
50.5
55.0
55.2
43.0
48.1
47.5
47.0
44.0
44.2
41.7
47.3
39.8
40.5
41.1
.42.2
78 $0.251 $13.81
.381 19.05
96
85
.278 15.60
88
.393 21.06
92
.390 18.72
83
.446 23.77
.392 19.01
86
85
.300 16.77
75
.365 19.38
80
.386 19.49
75
.267 14.69
76
.327 18.05
$10.81
18.31
13.20
18.50
17.16
19.70
16.34
14.20
14. 51
15.63
11.00
13.81
Total.........................................
124
2,950
5.1
51.0
43.9
86
.368
18.77
16.17
Spinners, mule, male:
Connecticut__________________
Massachusetts_______________
4
4
85
115
5.8
5.7
48.9
48.0
47.3
46.0
97
96
.653
.658
31.93
31.58
30.86
30.25
Total..........................................
8
200
5.8
48.4
46.5
96
.656
31.75
30.51
Spinners, frame, male:
Connecticut__________________
Georgia______________________
Massachusetts________________
New Hampshire.........................
New York.... ................. .............
North Carolina_______________
South Carolina___________
Other States......... ....................
2
6
11
4
3
8
16
4
12
90
128
24
15
83
165
44
5.0
3.9
5.0
5.0
4.7
4.7
3.5
4.4
55.0
56.6
53.4
54.0
49.6
58.0
55.0
54.8
49.0
38.2
47.4
45.5
39.6
44.0
30.2
42.8
89
67
89
84
80
76
55
78
.331
.225
.442
.449
.417
. 159*
.207
.242
18.21
12.74
23.60
24.25
20.68
9.22
11.39
13.26
16.24
8. 60
20.93
20.44
16.49
6.99
6.25
10.38
64
561
4.3
55.1
39.7
72
.289
15.92
11.50
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
598
227
1,093
380
1,576
582
273
2,077
60
610
1,983
225
4.5
5.6
4.5
4.1
5.4
5.1
5.0
4.7
4.1
4.9
4.3
4.5
54.5
51.4
57.0
53.9
48.0
53.5
48.7
56.0
52.6
50.0
55.0
55.2
42.2
47.5
43.5
38.1
43.4
46.0
43.0
44.0
38.0
41.4
37.0
42.9
77
92
76
71
90
86
88
79
72
83
67
78
.209 11.39
.356 18.30
.220 12.54
.295 15.90
.378 18.14
.409 21.88
.404 19.67
.230 12.88
.401 21.09
.362 18.10
.213 , 11.72
.277 15.29
8.84
16.91
9.55
11.24
16.38
18.79
■17.36
10.11
15.25
15.01
7.87
11.86
Total...................... .................
Spinners, frame, female:
A labam a.....................................
Connecticut_________________
Georgia______________________
Maine____________________'___
Massachusetts....... .............
New Hampshire.........................
New York....................................
North Carolina...........................
Pennsylvania_____________
Rhode Island .............................
South Carolina................... .
Virginia. .................................
Total_________ _________
151
9,684
4.7
53.5
42.0
79
.282
15.09
11.84
Doffers, male:
Alabama. ....................................
Connecticut.................................
Georgia_______ _____ _________
Maine___________ ___________
Massachusetts......... ..............
New Hampshire................... . . .
New Y ork....................................
North Carolina...........................
Pennsylvania....................... .......
Rhode Island..............................
South Carolina...........................
Virginia______________________
6
6
15
2
23
5
3
47
2
12
22
3
341
91
542
4
416
104
80
995
18
215
733
118
4.5
5.6
4.5
4.8
5.2
5.0
5.1
4.9
4.0
5.3
4.3
4.5
54.5
52.3
56.9
54.0
48.5
52.9
49.4
55.9
52.7
49.7
55.0
55.3
42.4
49.0
44.7
44.1
43.0
45.4
44.4
46.1
37.7
44.5
38.7
43.4
78
94
79
82
89
86
90
82
72
90
70
78
.263
.323
.282
.316
.414
.446
.426
.282
.436
.381
.260
.287
14.33
16.89
16.05
17.06
20,08
23.59
21.04
15.76
2198
18;,94
14.30
15.87
11.12
15.83
12.61
13.93
17.79
20.26
18.91
12.98
;16.46
16.98
'lO. 06
12.45
Total............. ...........................
146
3,657
4; 7'
54.2
43.5
80
.307
16.64
13.36
25
GENERAL TABLES
T
A . — Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings in pay period, average earnings per hour, and per
cent of full time worked, 1926, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
One-week pay period— Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
Aver
age
number
N um of days
on
ber of
whieh
em
em
ploy
ees ployees
worked
in pay
period
Aver
Aver Aver
Aver
age
age
Aver age
Per
full
age
hours
full
age
time actual
actu ofcent
earn
time
full
earn
earn
ally
ings
hours
time
ings
ings
per
per worked worked
per
in pay
hour
pay in pay
pay period
period perioa
period
Doffers, female:
Maine________________________
Massachusetts__ ____ ________
New Hampshire______________
N ew Y o r k ........................ ______
North Carolina . .....__
Pennsylvania
_____
South Carolina................._
Other States_____ ____________
5
11
3
2
2
3
4
2
191
155
55
55
2
19
17
8
4.2
5.8
5.0
5.0
3.0
4.4
4.0
5.6
53.8
48.0
54.0
48.0
55.0
53.2
55.0
53.0
38.7
45.9
45.2
43.2
27.9
41.1
38.5
49.9
72 $0,304 $16.36
96
.382 18.34
84
.334 18.04
90
.385 18.48
51
.314 17.27
77
.409 21.76
70
.247 13.59
94
.257 13.62
Total........................................ .
32
502
4.9
51.4
42.3
82
.344
17.68
14.56
Spooler tenders, male:
Georgia.... . . __________________
South Carolina........ ..................
Other States......... .................. .
2
2
2
6
3
15
4.3
4.7
4.6
59.2
55.0
60.1
44.3
36.3
45.0
75
66
75
.205
.210
.181
12.14
11.55
10.88
9.11
7.62
8.15
Total..........................................
6
24
4.5
59.2
43.8
74
.190
11.25
8.32
Spooler tenders, female:
Alabama .................. .................
Connecticut____________ _____
Georgia.........................................
M aine.................................
Massachusetts........................___
New Hampshire........................
New Y o r k .;.................................
N orth Carolina_____________
Pennsylvania..............................
Rhode Island______ __________
South C arolina..........................
Virginia_______________ ______
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
312
158
574
95
731
158
99
917
20
189
754
129
4.7
5.6
4.6
4.3
5.4
5.0
5.0
4.9
3.9
5.1
4.5
4.5
54.8
50.8
56.9
54.0
48.0
53.6
48.5
55.7
52.8
50.9
55.0
55.2
44.7
46.4
45.4
40.0
43.3
44.1
41.0
45.6
35.4
43.7
39.9
43.4
82
91
80
74
90
82
85
82
67
86
73
79
.181
.282
.193
.324
.323
.346
.350
.231
.353
.304
.192
.231
9.92
14.33
10.98
17. 50
15.50
18.55
16.98
12.87
18.64
15.47
10.56
12.75
8.09
13.10
8.79
12.95
13.97
15.24
14.34
10.52
12.48
13.29
7.67
10.02
151
4,136
4.8
53.6
43.6
81
.246
13.19
10.73
2
16
** 3
4
39
d
5.3
5.4
4.8
56.3
55. 2
53.8
53. 8
48.4
48.3
96
88
90
.198
.270
.354
11.15
14. 90
19.05
10.66
13.09
17.11
Total.................................
21
49
5.3
55.1
48.8
89
.274
15.10
13.38
Creelers or tiers-in, female:
A la b a m a .................... ................
Connecticut_____ ________ ___
Georgia__________________
M aine.............. .......... .................
Massachusetts_________ ______
New Hampshire.........................
N ew Y ork....... .........................
North Carolina...........................
Rhode Isla n d .............................
South Carolina_____________
Virginia............... .................
5
2
13
4
17
4
3
39
7
20
3
60
10
110
15
100
20
22
154
35
106
8
4.5
6.0
4.6
4.3
5.6
5.5
4.6
4.9
4.6
4.0
4.8
54.8
49.4
56.7
53.7
48.0
54.0
48.8
55.7
49.9
55.0
55.6
42.5
49.4
43.9
41.2
44.7
48.6
37.7
45.6
38.9
35.8
44.9
78
100
77
77
93
90
77
82
78
65
81
.209
.308
.203
.263
.286
.331
.341
.246
.287
.234
.234
11.45
15.23
11.51
14.12
13.73
17.87
16.64
13.70
14.32
12.87
13.01
8.87
15.23
8.93
10.84
12.77
16.08
12.85
11.21
11.18
8.39
10.50
640 |
4.8
53.7
42.7
80
.249
13.37
10.63
38
6
4
130
9
18
5.4
3.7
5.2
55.3
55.0
54.9
51.5
34.8
50.6
93
63
92
.337
.299
.446
18.64
16.45
24.49
17.33
10.41
22.55
48
157
5.3
55.3 |
50.4
91
.348
19.24 j 17.54
Total......................................
Creelers or tiers-in, male:
Georgia....... ................................
North Carolina........................
Other States......... ........ ........ .
T ota l..................................
Warper tenders, male:
North Carolina...........................
South Carolina...........................
Other States....................... ........
Total____ ;...... .......................
117
$11.77
17.52
15.08
16.64
8.75
16.80
9.54
12.84
26
T
WAGES AND HOTJBS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings in pay period, average earnings per hour. and per
cent of full time worked, 1926, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
One-week p a y period—Continued
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
Occupation, sex, and State
Warper tenders, female:
Alabama................... .
Connecticut............. .
Georgia.......................
Maine.........................
Massachusetts......... .
New Hampshire___
New Y ork..................
North Carolina.........
Pennsylvania........... .
Rhode Island........... .
South Carolina.........
Virginia.................... .
Aver
age
number
N um of days
on
ber of
which
em
em
ployees ployees
worked
in pay
period
55.0
52.8
56.5
53.6
48.0
54.0
48.7
56.2
53.2
51.4
55.0
55.3
45.6
50.6
48.1
40.4
43.1
44.3
39.8
47.4
37.0
44.7
41.7
43.1
5.0
52.6
44.4
84
.347
18.25
15.39
5.8
4.6
6.0
4.7
5.5
4.1
53.4
55.0
54.0
48.0
55.3
55.0
58.2
42.2
54.8
34.1
50.4
40.1
109
77
101
71
91
73
.457
.267
.410
.678
.437
.640
24.40
14.69
22.14
32.54
24.17
35.20
26.62
11.26
22.46
23.11
22.03
25.70
53.0
45.5
86
.493
26.13
22.41
0.301
.423
17.55
20.73
11.23
14.96
.411
20.47
14.61
14.02
26.53
15.36
26.34
25.51
26.14
27.87
19.58
21.68
27.57
12.97
17.49
6
6
14
4
23
6
3
19
2
12
20
3
28
32
79
18
161
40
18
44
5
49
91
16
4.8
5.8
4.9
4.2
5.4
4.9
4.8
5.1
4.0
5.2
4.6
4.4
Total..
Beamer tenders, male:
Connecticut........... .
Georgia.....................
Maine...................... .
Massachusetts.........
North Carolina____
Virginia....................
118
581
3
3
2
7
26
2
13
7
3
80
158
8
Total.
Beamer tenders, female:
North Carolina.........
Other States..............
43
Total..................
Slasher tenders, male:
Alabama.
Connecticut.........
Georgia.................
Maine....................
Massachusetts___
N ew Hampshire..
N ew Y ork............
North Carolina...
Pennsylvania.......
Rhode Island.......
South Carolina...
Virginia................
Total..
Drawers-in, male:
Georgia................
North Carolina..
South Carolina..
Other States___
Total.
Drawers-in, female:
Alabama...............
Connecticut.........
Georgia..................
M aine....................
Massachusetts___
New Hampshire..
New Y ork.............
North Carolina...
Pennsylvania.......
Rhode Island.......
South C arolina...
Virginia................
Total..
!
Aver
Aver A ver
age
Aver
Aver
age
age
full
Per
age
hours
age
full
time actual
cent
actu
time
earn
of
full
earn
earn
ally
hours
ings
ings
ings
time
per
per worked worked
per
in pay
in pay
hour
pay period
p S S d period
period
83 $0,286 $15.73
96
.416 21.96
85
.268 15.14
75
.399 21.39
90
.396 19.01
82
.440 23.76
82
.465 22.65
84
.275 15.46
70
.378 20.11
87
.396 20.35
.268 14.74
76
78
.305 16.87
269
5.2
2
3
3
29
3.7
4.5
58.3
49.0
37.3
35.3
64
72
5
32
4.4
49.8
35.5
71
$13.05
21.06
12.87
16.08
17.06
19.49
18.53
13.05
13.98
17.72
11.17
13.13
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
43
2
12
22
3
36
21
86
31
159
51
19
159
8
38
122
21
4.8
5.9
4.9
5.5
5.6
5.3
6.1
5.7
4.6
5.6
5.1
4.9
55.0
51.7
56.3
54.0
48.4
54.0
48.9 »
55.5
51.6
50.4
55.0
56.1
50.3
53.6
50.2
51.9
46.5
48.1
54.4
55.2
42.8
51.1
43.6
48.5
91
104
89
96
96
89
111
99
83
101
79
86
.279
.501
.306
.507
.549
.544
.513
.355
.507
.540
.280
.361
15.35
25.90
17.23
27.38
26.57
29.38
25.09
19.70
26.11
27.22
15.40
20.25
146
751
5.4
53.3
49.9
94
.411
21.91
20.51
2
11
3
3
3
19
13
9
4.3
5.2
3.7
5.7
58.3
56.2
55.0
51.9
41.8
49.3
34.6
48.4
72
88
63
93
.308
.341
.313
.331
17.96
19.16
17.22
17.18
12.88
16.82
10.84
16.02
19
44
4.8
55.1
44.2
80
.330
18.18
14.62
6
5
8
5
20
6
2
34
3
7
18
2
36
43
55
54
261
72
25
164
11
74
118
34
4.8
5.9
4.9
5.2
5.3
5.0
5.9
5.2
4.4
5.8
5.6
4.4
55.0
51.7
55.3
54.0
48.0
54.0
48.0
55.3
52.5
48.4
55.0
55.3
44.6
50.3
44.9
48.2
41.2
42.9
47.4
46.8
40.0
47.4
50.5
41.5
81
97
81
89
86
79
99
85
76
98
92
75
.208
.427
.269
.364
.448
.364
.439
.323
.320
.435
.232
.302
11.44
22.08
14.88
19.66
21.50
19.66
21.07
17.86
16.80
21.05
12.76
16.70
9.28
21.50
12.06
17.52
18.43
15.62
20.84
15.13
12.78
20.63
11.73
12.56
116
947
5.3
52.1
45.2
m
.357
18.60
16.14
27
GENERAL TABLES
T
A .— Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings in pay period, average earnings per hour, and per
cent of full time worked, 1926, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
One-week pay period—Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Num
ber of
estab
lish
ments
Aver
age
number
N um of days
ber of
on
em
which
em
ploy
ees ployees
worked
in pay
peroid
W arp-tying-machine tenders,male:
Alabama............. .......
_ _
C on n ecticu t...................... .
.
Georgia____ ___________ _____ _
M aine...........................................
Massachusetts........................... .
N ew Hampshire.........................
New Y ork............. .................... .
North Carolina...........................
P enn sylvania...........
Rhode Island...............................
South Carolina............................
Virginia...................................
T otal..........................................
0
6
13
5
13
5
2
24
2
12
22
3
113
19
7
35
17
29
• 18
6
64
2
19
55
7
4.7
6.0
4.9
5.6
5.6
5.4
6.0
5.8
4.5
5.7
4.9
5.4
278
5.4
Loom fixers, male:
A laham a..... .............. .. .
Connecticut.................... .
. .
Georgia.____ ____ _______ ____
M a in e ..-..............................._ .
Massachusetts.............................
New Hampshire......................x_
New York.................................!_
North Carolina........................ _
Pennsylvania______________ __
R hode Island...............................
South Carolina...........................
Virginia............. ..........................
Total..........................................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
206
119
354
141
638
174
98
727
19
216
554
83
3,329
4.8
5.8
5.2
5.1
5.8
5.1
5.5
5.5
4.6
5.7
5.0
5.0
5.4
Trimmers or inspectors, male:
Alabama_____________________
Connecticut________________ __
Georgia........................................
Massachusetts.............................
North Carolina_____________ _
South Carolina...........................
Other States............................... .
Total..........................................
3
3
4
6
20
3
6
45
12
9
15
49
86
4
15
190
6
5
14
5
22
6
3
36
3
12
17
3
132
Trimmers or inspectors, female:
Alabama..................... .................
Connecticut________ _________
Georgia.........................................
M aine....................................... .
Massachusetts________________
New Hampshire....................... .
New Y ork....................................
North Carolina............................
Pennsylvania...............................
Rhode Island...............................
South Carolina............................
Virginia........................................
Total..........................................
Other employees, male:
Alabama......................................
Connecticut........ ..................... .
Georgia........................................
M aine__________________ _____
Massachusetts.............................
N ew Hampshire.........................
New Y ork....................................
North C arolina.._____ _______
Pennsylvania........... .......... ........
R hode Island...............................
South Carolina_______________
V ir g in ia ......................................
T o t a l........................................
A ver
Aver Aver
age
age
age
Aver full
Per
full
hours
age
cent
time
actu
time
earn
of full
hours
ally
ings earn
ings
per worked time
per
worked
per
pay in pay
hour
pay
period period
period
54.7
52.0
56.7
54.0
48.4
54.0
48.0
55.6
52.0
50.8
55.2
55.3
54.0
46.7
52.7
48.3
52.5
46.8
51.7
55.2
55.8
42.0
50.8
45.7
51.7
50.2
54.9
51.2
57.6
54.1
48.3
54.2
50.0
55.7
51.9
50.0
55.3
55.2
53.5
46.8
49.4
51.5
47.8
47.9
48.2
48.9
52.3
42.9
47.9
49.1
48.8
49.5
4.8
5.9
5.2
5.9
5.3
5.0
5.9
5.5
55.0
51.9
55.3
48.0
55.5
55.0
51.3
53.0
88
67
234
151
410
85
118
316
34
190
211
28
1,932
5.0
5.6
5.0
5.3
5.6
5.4
5.4
5.1
4.3
5.6
4.9
5.3
5.3
6 1,509
6
482
15 2,880
5
845
23 3,997
6 1,012
3
447
47 4,597
3
226
12 1,019
22 3,694
3
518
151 21,226
4.7
5.8
4.8
5.0
5.7
5.4
5.4
5.2
4.5
5.4
4.6
4.7
5.1
85 $0,347 $18.98
.481 25.01
101
.342 19.39
85
.465 25.11
97
.557 26.96
97
.563 30.40
96
115
.578 27.74
.379 21.07
100
.519 26.99
81
.535 27.13
100
.354 19.54
83
93
.385 21.29
.422 22.79
93
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
in pay
period
$16.10
25.33
16.50
24.39
26.06
29.12
31.90
21.13
21.82
27.13
16.19
19.92
21.19
93
.394
.610
.372
.600
.620
.667
.657
.411
.586
.623
.377
.468
.489
21.63
31.23
21.43
32.46
29.95
36.15
32.85
22.89
30.41
31.15
20.85
25.83
26.16
18.46
30.12
19.16
28.67
29.69
32.11
32.14
21.47
25.19
29.85
18.53
22.83
24.21
47.8
51.7
50.6
46.9
49.9
47.5
49.3
49.0
87
100
92
98
90
86
96
92
.200
.392
.236
.319
.284
.200
.380
.295
11.00
20.34
13.05
15.31
15.76
11.00
19.49
15.64
9.54
20.27
11.93
14.95
14.20
9.50
18.75
14.47
55.0
50.0
56.9
54.0
48.0
54.0
48.7
55.8
52.5
49.6
55.0
55.3
48.3
45.9
47.8
48.3
44.2
49.9
42.5
47.8
38.0
45.2
4Z5
5&>
88
92
84
89
92
92
87
86
72
91
77
91
.179
.271
.183
.249
.279
.300
.303
.227
.333
.294
.183
.288
52.6
45.8
87
.246
9.85
13.55
10.41
18.45
13.39
16.20
14.76
12.67
17.48
14.58
10.07
15.93
12.94
8.67
12.47
8.74
12.04
12.33
14.98
12.88
10.87
12.63
13.30
7.77
14.57
11.26
54.9
51.3
57.0
54.0
48.9
53.9
49.5
55.9
51.6
50.3
55.4
55.2
53.8
45.4
49.6
47.7
47.0
47.5
49.7
45.9
49.3
40.4
45.6
42.5
45.8
46.8
83
97
84
87
97
92
93
88
78
91
77
83
87
.238
.337
.243
.359
.411
.428
.357
.270
.382
.374
.243
.286
13.07
17.29
13.85
19.39
20.10
23.07
17.67
15.09
19.71
18.81
13.46
15.79
10.82
16.72
11.57
16.90
19.53
21.29
16.40
13.29
15.42
17.08
10.33
13.09
.308
16.57
14.41
85
96
89
88
99
89
98
94
83
96
89
88
28
T
WAGES AND HOURS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
A . — Average number of days on which employees worked, average full-time
and actual hours and earnings in pay period, average earnings per hour, and per
cent of full time worked, 1926, by occupation, sex, and State— Continued
able
One-week pay period—Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Aver
age
number
N um Num of days
ber of ber of
on
which
estab em
lish ploy
em
ments
ees ployees
worked
in pay
period
Aver
Aver Aver
age
age
Aver full
age
Per
hours
age
full
cent
time
actu
earn
time
of full
earn
ally
ings
hours
ings
time
per
per worked worked
per
hour
pay in pay
pay
period period
period
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
in pay
period
Other employees, female:
Alabama__ _____________ ____
Connecticut____________ _____
Georgia______ '__________ _
M aine_____ __________________
Massachusetts.............................
New H am pshire.......................
N ew ‘York......... ...........................
North Carolina............................
Pennsylvania..............................
Rhode Island..............................
South C arolina..........................
V irgin ia ............. ........................
6
6
14
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
21
3
502
144
808
363
1,387
515
173
1,044
131
265
769
268
4.3
5.7
4.5
4.9
5.6
5.4
5.2
4.9
4.0
5.2
4.5
5.0
54.8
51.3
56.9
53.8
47.8
53.6
48.8
55.8
51.4
49.9
55.2
55.1
41.7
48.4
43.2
45.6
44.4
48.1
42.7
45.2
36.9
43.0
38.4
48.2
76 $0.166
94
.270
76
.190
85
.300
.314
93
90
.330
.321
88
81
.216
72
.308
86
.302
70
.189
87
.211
$9.10
13.85
10.81
16.14
15.01
17.69
15.66
12.05
15.83
15.07
10.43
11.63
$6.91
13.09
8.21
13.69
13.92
15.88
13.72
9.78
11.37
13.01
7.26
10.16
Total..........................................
149
6,369
5.0
53.1
43.8
82
13.38
11.03
$23.87
41.49
27.12
45.87
42.33
49.07
49.40
31.97
44.34
43.87
27.87
33.07
.252
Two-week pay period
Weavers, male:
Alabama__ __________________
C o n n e c t ic u t _______ _________
Georgia___________ __________
M aine___ ____ _______________
Massachusetts_______ _____ _
N ew Hampshire______________
N ew Y o r k ...................................
North Carolina...........................
Pennsylvania_________________
Rhode Island...............................
South Carolina...........................
Virginia........................................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
449
542
824
239
2,056
298
183
2,257
18
589
898
250
8.1
11.2
9.2
10.2
11.2
9.8
11.0
9.6
9.6
10.6
9.6
8.6
109.8
100.8
114.6
108.2
98.0
108.8
100.8
111.2
102. 2
100.2
110.0
110.4
80.1
95.5
91.4
94.7
92.3
95.5
94.5
90.5
87.5
88.9
88.7
84.9
73 $0.298 $32.72
.434 43.74
95
80
.297 34.04
88
.485 52.48
.459 44.98
94
.514 55.92
88
94
.523 52.72
.353 39.26
81
86
.507 51.82
89
.494 49.50
.314 34.54
81
77
.390 43.06
Total..........................................
151
8,603
10.1
106.4
90.7
85
.396
42.14
35.95
Weavers, female:
Alabama................................... .
Connecticut............................... .
Georgia.........................................
M aine..........................................
Massachusetts.................... .......
N ew Hampshire........................
New Y ork.................................. .
North Carolina...........................
Pennsylvania................ .............
Rhode Isla n d ........................... .
South Carolina...................... .....
Virginia........................................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
394
425
560
182
2,628
342
185
1,419
76
558
684
143
8.9
11.3
9.1
9.6
11.4
10.3
10.8
9.8
9.1
10.5
9.5
7.9
109.4
100.4
114.0
105.0
96.0
106.6
93.4
111.0
105.4
100.6
110.0
110.6
85.2
95.6
89.4
89.4
90.9
92.7
89.6
91.2
83.8
88.0
83 9
76.8
78
95
78
83
95
87
91
82
80
87
76
69
.278
.382
.284
.449
.420
.488
.464
.316
.441
.455
.276
.346
30.42
38.36
32.38
48.50
40.32
52.02
45.66
35.08
46.48
45.78
30.36
38.26
23.68
36.47
25.40
40.12
38.20
45.28
41.58
28.77
36.96
40.08
23.19
26.54
Total..........................................
151
7,596
10.4
103.8
89.6
86
.375
38.92
33.65
T
B .— Average and classified earnings per hour in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State
able
N um ber of employees whose earnings per hour were—
Occupation, sex, and State
Picker tenders, male:
Alabama ....... ......................
Aver
N um
age
ber of N umof earn
estab ber
ings
em
lish ployees
per
ments
hour
9,
un
der
10
cts.
10, 12,
un un
der der
12
14
cts. cts.
$0,219
.363
.215
.353
.394
.388
.387
.264
.421
.388
.251
.250
T o t a l .............................................
151
964
.297
Card Renders and strippers, male:
Alabama
Connecticut
____
Georgia
. . . . . _. __________
M aine
_
Massachusetts
__ ____________
N ew Hampshire__ ______________
N ew Y ork
_
__
N orth Carolina- _ _____________
Pennsylvania- _________________
Rhode Island
_
_
South Carolina - ___
__ __
Virginia
_____________________
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
125
49
252
54
255
163
33
343
19
72
226
53
.231
.362
.232
.370
.431
.418
.459
.277
.420
.431
.244
.284'
T otal...............................................
151
1,644
.322
1
Speeder tenders, male:
Alabam a._______________________
Connecticut ____ _____________
Georgia ______- __________________
M aine
. . . . __ __________
Massachusetts.
6
6
15
5
16
153
42
430
21
228
.293
.451
.291
.467
.460
1
N ew Y ork
N orth Carolina
Pennsylvania
R hode Island
South Carolina
Virginia
_____________
1
25,
un
der
30
cts.
30,
un
der
35
cts.
22
4
43
14
22
70
12
1
7
1
3
114
1
8
2
20
26
6
12
28
3
8
4
1
11
:::: i
!
.. : ' i ........
69
13
11
103
8
3
14
9
4
2
49
41
293
155
118
21
76
6
203
25
2
35
3
14
7
19
3
2
1
4
1
4
93
148
73
6
143
2
56
31
2
18
20
37
517
302
161
1
3
35
5
5
75
1
3
59
1
159
38
3
128
1
19
1
1
2
5
35,
un
der
40
cts.
40,
un
der
45
cts.
10
4
19
42
56
4
9
2
24
6
1
54
7
12
45,
un
der
50
cts.
50,
un
der
60
cts.
60,
un
der
70
cts.
4
10
8
9
1
170
98
23
5
49
18
4
21
4
7
1
28
5
8
100
87
17
2
2
21
1
233
90
cts.,
un
der
$1
80,
un
der
90
cts.
i
1
i
..........!..........
!
14
27
74
55
4
23
7
14
1
70,
un
der
80
cts.
r
1
I
10
31
4
243
112
32
i
5 1
4
10
3
14
27
20
4
5
24 • 52
3
9
6
3
50
12
2
7
68
1
7 !..........
$1, $1.10,
un un
der
der
$1.10 $1.25
_ .i __
TABLES
85
25
128
41
143
69
28
224
12
51
134
24
20,
un
der
25
cts.
16,
un
der
18
cts.
GENERAL
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
18,
un
der
20
cts.
14,
un
der
16
cts.
T a b le B .— Average and classified earnings per hour in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State— Continued
N um ber of employees whose earnings per hour were—
$0,467
.495
.333
.462
.294
.378
139
2,545
.343
6
6
10
5
23
6
3
26
3
12
21
3
124
190
135
240
1,079
216
194
117
45
348
229
33
T ota l. ............................................
124
Spinners, frame, male:
C onnecticut
..............
. . .
Georgia
M assftc-huyfttt-s
____ _ _ _ _ _
New Hampshire
N ew Y ork
_ .
N orth Carolina
South narolina
Other States
T o t a l..................
Speeder tenders, female:
A labam a,.
C onnecticut._________
Georgia. . . . .
M a in e .______________
Massachusetts .
N ew H am pshire.. .
N ew Y o r k _________
N orth Carolina
Pennsylvania. .
R hode Island_____
South Carolina
V ir g in ia ..... _ *
Total
12,
un
der
14
cts.
14, 16,
un un
der der
18
16
cts. cts.
60,
un
der
70
cts.
18,
un
der
20
cts.
20,
un
der
25
cts.
25,
un
der
30
cts.
30,
un
der
35
cts.
35,
un
der
40
cts.
40,
un
der
45
cts.
45,
un
der
50
cts.
50,
un
der
60
cts.
179
1
196
12
1
1
351
4
170
28
6
6
175
13
60
30
22
2
61
14
12
16
15
8
18
24
1
9
14
17
3
12
2
5
3
222
146
142
19
1
5
3
2
6
6
1
11
1
37
1
84
4
3
6
10
14
25
240
612
744
358
.251
.381
.278
.393
.390
.446
.392
.300
.365
.386
.267
.327
1
1
2
9
3
9
3
9
64
1
26
2
25
1
9
46
29
63
216
29
51
44
6
74
39
6
4
80
8
34
274
35
67
15
15
84
8
12
43
4
80
275'
36
34
2
10
84
2
2
14
1
28
157
50
31
1
4
51
1
18
50
52
6
1
4
68
3
34
2
54
12
68
11
5
27
10
21
96
10
16
1
9
2,950
.368
2
2
3
12
44
218
350
612
636
572
338
148
12
2
6
11
4
3
8
16
4
12
90
128
24
15
8?
165
44
.331
.225
.442
.449
.417
.159
.207
.242
4
4
7
7
9
1
1
37
19
11
7
5
27
3
36
7
1
1
g
8
2
6
g
8
12
52
8
1
2
27
2
3
1
3
4
25
6
7
8
14
7
10
8
4
2
3
6
8
32
4
1
18
4
1
2
9
4
1
1
5
31
2
54
561
.289
24
26
20
44
42
32
1.. ..
110
55
48
43
39
38
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
I
24
2
12
80,
un
der
90
cts.
90
cts.,
un
der
$1
$1, $1.10,
un
un
der
der
$1.10 $1.25
2
2
3
70,
un
der
80
cts.
7
1
-------- =====
1
■
--------
4
1
2
1
MANUFACTURING
58
36
832
76
558
111
10,
un
der
12
cts.
1
1
1
1
-—
39
i
HOUES— COTTON-GOODS
5
3
47
11
22
3
9,
un
der
10
cts.
AND
Speeder tenders, male—Continued.
N ew H a m p sh ire..__
N ew Y ork _____________
N orth Carolina
...
It hod P. Island. ^
South Carolina
Virginia_____
Aver
age
earn
ings
per
hour
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
N um N um
ber of ber of
estab
em
lish ployees
ments
—
--
Spinners, frame, female:
Alabama...................
Connecticut.............
G eorgia .-.................
M aine........................
Massachusetts_____
N ew Hampshire__
New Y ork ................
North Carolina____
Pennsylvania..........
Rhode Island______
South Carolina........
Virginia.....................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
598
227
.220
47
3
1,576
582
273
2,077
60
610
1,9
225
.295
.378
.409
.404
.230
.401
.362
.213
.277
126
12
22
9,684
.282
15
2
23
5
3
47
2
3
341
91
542
4
416
104
80
995
18
215
733
118
.263
.323
.282
.316
.414
.446
.426
.282
.436
.381
.260
.287
Total......................
146
3,657
.307
Doffers, female:
Maine.......................
Massachusetts........
N ew Hampshire.
N ew Y ork ............ .
N orth Carolina____
Pennsylvania..........
South Carolina.......
Other States............
5
11
3
2
2
3
4
2
191
155
55
55
2
19
17
8
.304
.382
.334
.385
.314
.409
.247
.257
Total......................
502
.344
Spooler tenders, male:
Georgia.......... ...........
South Carolina____
Other States............
6
3
15
.210
T otal......................
24
.190
41
4
7
3
5
70
54
1
79
10
8
3
123 ’ 124" 198’
”T
65
2
91
9
207
212
95
3
157
7
15
4
"
.....
265
3
426
57
36
5
6
720
2
27
829
77
26
195
116
97
30
5
477
'¥
12
54
425
138
71
949
351
15
17
42
3
8
28
4
’ 123’
18
128’
29
44
41
11
120
132
57
1
140
11
27
218
16
302
493
719 2,397 1,512 1,248 1,048
3
17
12*
10
1
29
21
85
5
121
" T
1
14
”4!"
1
367
77
177
22
119
2
13
1
1
250
.....
14
10
48
25*
56
12
261
20
218
16
818
27
29
37
170
2
27
5
5
222
48
” 26'
520
135
15
3
39
60
205
8
.....
24
17
73
94
97
333
84
27
190
9
195
71
58
” 2 l‘
131
52
3
106
46
17
701
478
348
72
49
87
16
27
27
4
27
....
29
63
17
29
117
1
’ 73’
37
19
15
....
1
159
12
TABLES
151
12
14
_ 20"
GENERAL
Total......................
Doffers, male:
Alabama...................
Connecticut.............
Georgia.....................
M aine.......................
Massachusetts.........
N ew Hampshire__
N ew Y ork ................
North Carolina____
Pennsylvania_____
R hode Island..........
South Carolina____
Virginia....................
22
27
’ 38’
6
1
.356
'l5~
6
45
43
131
183
73
.205
.181
00
T
able
B .—
Average and classified earnings per hour in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State— Continued
Num ber of employees whose earnings per hour were—
$0,181
.282
.193
.324
.323
.346
.350
.231
.353
.304
.192
.231
Total....... .......
4,136
.246
151
T otal__ ............... .
Loom fixers, male:
Alabama..................
Connecticut_______
Georgia....................
M aine____________
21
.279
.501
.306
.507
.549
.544
.513
.355
.507
.540
.280
.361
751
.411
206
119
354
141
.394
.610
.372
21
86
31
159
51
19
159
122
146
20,
un
der
25
cts.
25,
un
der
30
cts.
30,
un
der
35
cts.
35,
un
der
40
cts.
91
28
175
12
57
42
21
159
20
22
213
6
56
59
31
43
15
23
155
47
26
75
2
82
6
3
4
5
30
13
15
48
45
79
256
79
104
1
325
2
22
248
477
357 ! 509
120
20
28
25
5
22
5
264
40,
un
der
45
cts.
45,
un
der
50
cts.
50,
un
der
60
cts.
63
39
un
der
70
cts.
5 i
85
21
13
1
1
1
132
70,
un
der
80
cts.
un
der
90
cts.
90
cts.,
un
der
$1
$1, $1.10,
un
un
der
der
$1.25
$ 1.10
18
15
53
i n r
81
51
11
102
80
81
192
171 |
85
172
59
MANUFACTURING
Slasher tenders, male:
Alabama................. .
Connecticut...........
Georgia...... ........... .
M aine..................... .
M assachusetts____
N ew H am pshire...
N ew Y o r k . ............
N orth Carolina___
Pennsylvania........ .
R hode Island........ .
South Carolina___
Virginia....................
18,
un
der
20
cts.
12, 14,
un un
der der
14
16
cts. cts.
HOURS— COTTON-GOODS
312
158
574
95
731
158
99
917
20
189
754
129
Spooler tenders, female:
Alabama__________
Connecticut.........
Georgia----------------M aine____________
Massachusetts____
New H am pshire...
N ew Y o rk ________
N orth Carolina___
Pennsylvania-------R hode Island_____
South Carolina____
Virginia.................. .
10,
un
der
12
cts.
AND
Aver
age
earn
ings
per
hour
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
N um N um
ber of ber of
estab
em
lish ployees
ments
Massachusetts..................................
N ew Hampshire........ .....................
New Y ork .........................................
North Carolina.................................
Pennsylvania....................................
Rhode I s la n d ..................................
South Carolina.................................
Virginia..............................................
T otal...............................................
.620
.667
.657
.411
.586
.623
.377
.468
.489
Weavers, male:
Alabama............................................
Connecticut.......................................
Georgia...............................................
M aine.............................. ....... ..........
Massachusetts..................................
N ew Hampshire..............................
N ew Y o rk .........................................
N orth Carolina................................
Pennsylvania....................................
R hode Island..................... ..............
South Carolina.................................
Virginia.............................................
T ota l...............................................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
449
542
824
239
2,056
298
183
2,257
18
589
898
250
8,603
.298
.434
.297
.485
.459
.514
.523
.353
.507
.494
.314
.390
.396
Weavers, female:
Alabama...........................................
C onnecticut......................................
Georgia........ .....................................
M aine__________________________
Massachusetts..................................
N ew Hampshire..............................
N ew Y o r k .........................................
N orth Carolina................... ...........
Pennsylvania..................................
Rhode Island....................................
South Carolina.................................
Virginia..............................................
T otal...............................................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
394
425
560
182
2,628
342
185
1,419
76
558
684
143
7,596
.278
.382
.284
.449
.420
.488
.464
.316
.441
.455
.276
.346
.375
12
9
15
49
86
4
15
190
.200
.392
.236
.319
.284
.200
.380
.295
Trimmers or inspectors, male:
Alabama.............................................
Connecticut.......................................
Georgia...............................................
Massachusetts..................................
North Carolina................... ; ______
South Carolina.................................
Other States...... .............. ...............
Total...............................................
3
3
4
6
20
3
6
45 |
8
4
------- -------
61
183
376
i
47
1
134
1
245
1
159
22
2
10
37
248
31
43
31
15
71
6
24
723
707
125
617
1
5
288
139
37
256
8
112
6
3
399
118
59
269
13
155
8
8
582
319
108
18
23
3
126
63
32
22
2
708
137
3
6
8
1
14
9
9
=
=
2
4
1
1
15
3
7
1
1
6
13
10
18
84
14
149
3
46
2
1
135
3
1
3
10
6
4
2
14
32
45
17
2
73
2
18
33
127
207
277
4
20
57
567 1,205 1,579
1
6
1
6
13
4
6
15
2
11
1
5
5
19
1
1
3
4
7
2
1
1
5
7
15
1
3
11
13
11
43
1
1
26
54
114
2
2
3
4
8
1
9
3
6
15
39
95
20
121
3
107
4
2
161
4
179
13
709
56
20
69
90
93
22
23
46
332
351
32
54
33
12
565
327
3
2
42
90
171
56
65
50
1,469 1,135
93
128
41
85
104
40
204
47
157
11
14
32
224
334
481
21
32
8
25
13
8
363
435
251
4
8
8
41
23
72
212
155
65
24
42
34
1,249 1,398 1,192
7
1
12
23
20
4
9
28
28
11
3
1
39
3
34
7
29
4
2
102
129
5
38
79
327
492
55
71
33
48
141
55
5
4
116
213
14
2
43
9
883 1,104
1
4
3
66
419
4
2
35
6
9
1
1
58
54
34
6
29
360
69
19
34
16
134
2
6
723
48
473
95
38
8
21
145
1
2
865
10
118
46
26
2
1
29
2
10
4
6
238
24
1
1
2
3
2
4
5
1
3
1
5
1
1
1
2
74
6
33
491
63
48
93
17
106
9
22
964
8
2
28
2
26
187
62
31
3
3
73
4
1
10
2
1
1
TABLES
638
174
98
727
19
216
554
83
3,329
i
1
1
2
1
2
1
3
3
2
3
____
3
GENERAL
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
T able B .— Average and classified earnings per hour in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State— Continued
N um ber of employees whose earnings per hour were—
211
$0,179
.271
.183
.249
.279
.300
.303
.227
.333
.294
.183
T otal....................................
1,932
.246
20,
un
der
25
cts.
14,
un
der
16
cts.
35
51
25
20
2
30
63
110
41
186
50
1
81
143
230
25,
un
der
30
cts.
30,
un
der
35
cts.
35,
un
der
40
cts.
273
52
54
13
74
213
38
71
54
14
86
16
466
633
40,
un
der
45
cts.
45,
un
der
50
cts.
50,
un
der
60
cts.
60,
un
der
70
cts.
70,
un
der
80
cts.
80,
un
der
90
cts.
90
cts.,
un
der
$1
$1,
un
der
$1.10
$ 1.10,
un
der
$1.25
MANUFACTUBINQ
132
12,
un
der
14
cts.
HOXJKS— COTTON-GOODS
67
234
151
410
85
118
316
34
190
Trimmers or inspectors, female:
Alabama..................................
Connecticut............................
Georgia....................................
M aine......................................
Massachusetts.......................
N ew Hampshire...................
N ew Y o rk ..............................
North Carolina.......................
Pennsylvania.........................
R hode Island.........................
South Carolina...................... .
Virginia...................................
10,
un
der
12
cts.
AND
Aver
age
earn
ings
per
hour
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
N um N um
ber of
of
estab ber
em
lish
ments ployees
35
GENERAL TABLES
T
able
C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 10 specified occupa
tions, 1926, by sex and State
Occupation, sex, and State
whose full-time hours
Aver Num ber of employees
per week were—
N um N um age
ber of ber of full
estab em
Over 57,
Over
time
54,
lish ploy hours U n
48,
54
un un 60 Over
un
der
per
48
ments
ees
60
der der
week 48
der
60
54
57
Picker tenders, male:
............. .......
Georgia
M aine. . ________ ......
Pennsylvania
Rhode Tsland,
.
_
- ........... ........
Virginia..........................................
Total............................................
Card tenders and strippers, male:
Alabama
......... .
Massaohusetts__ ____ ___ .. ,
N ew H am pshire.____
North Carolina_______
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
85
25
128
41
143
69
28
224
12
51
134
24
964
56.6
51.9
56.8
54.0
49.1
54.2
48.4
55.7
53.3
50.5
55.0
55.4
54.1
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
125
49
252
54
255
163
33
343
19
72
226
53
1,644
54.8
51.1
57.2
53.6
49.3
54.2
48.7
55.9
52.9
51.5
55.0
55.2
54.1
South C a rolin a _______________
Virginia..........................................
Total............................................
Speeder tenders, male:
Alabama ____________ ____ ___
Connecticut___ ;_______________
Georgia. ______ ______________
Mftinft
__ ___
. _______ _
M a ssa ch u setts_’*___ _________
N ew Hampshire_______________
New York___________ ___ . . . __
North Carolina________________
Rhode Island_____________ —_
South Carolina _______ _____
Virginia..........................................
Total............................................
Speeder tenders, female:
Alabam a______________________
Connecticut___________________
Georgia
M aine_______________ - ________
Massachusetts_______ ___ _____
N ew Hampshire____________ . . .
N ew Y ork ,. _____ ______ ___
North Carolina________________
Pennsylvania__ _.
R hode Island__________________
South Carolina________________
Virginia_______________________
TotaL............. ...........................
6
6
15
5
16
5
3
47
11
22
3
139
153
42
430
21
228
58
36
832
76
558
111
2,545
54.9
51.2
57.4
53.6
51.1
54.1
49.0
56.0
51.3
55.0
55.3
55.1
6
6
10
5
23
6
3
26
3
12
21
3
124
124
190
135
240
1,079
216
194
117
45
348
229
33
2,950
55.0
50.0
56.1
53.6
48.0
53.3
48.5
55.9
53.1
50.5
55.0
55.2
Spinners, frame, male:
Connecticut___________________
Georgia________________________
Massachusetts____ ____________
N ew Hampshire_______________
N ew
Y o r k ...
_________________
North Carolina________________
South Carolina________________
Other States...................................
T otal............................................
2
6
11
4
3
8
16
4
54
12
90
128
24
15
83
165
44
55.0
56.6
53.4
54.0
49.6
58.0
55.0
54.8
561
55.1
Spinners, frame, female:
Alabama_________________ . ___
Connecticut___________________
Georgia _ _ ___ ____________
Maine............................. ...............
6
6
15
5
598
227
1,093
380
54.5
51.4
57.0
53.9
51.0
68
14
81
3
11
14
47
41
6
133
63
2
26
5
10
14
130
119
22
140
6
27 1
6
232
5
39
! 327.
17
220
4
2
54
6
34
42
6
24
25
112
8
37
12
3
226
53
890
3
167
23
149
19
223
207
294
4
58«
114
25
558
111
121 1,757
J79
25
124
54
104
31
98
12
216
205
17
11
177
201
11
6
34
141
11 1,593
41
613
7
229
33
642
12
62
76
43 ___ 7
28
45
7
9
34
82
41
24
4
11
9
37
87
17
4
72
693
136
1,079
2
15
19
30
257
5
1
36
14
27
23
170
2
18
48
127
4
29
134
24
526
4
2
201
2
34
204
4
560
111
653
21
112
14
40
165
35
314
366
440 . . . . .
36
T
WAGES AND HOURS— COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING
able
C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 10 specified occupa
tions, 1926, by sex and State— Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Number of employees whose full-time hours
per week were—
Aver
N um N um age
ber of ber of fi3lOver 57,
Over
time
estab em
54,
48,
lish ploy hours Un
54
un un 60 Over
der
un
48
per
ees
ments
60
week 48
der der
der
60
54
57
Spinners, frame, female—Contd.
New Hampshire
New York
North Carolina.
Pennsylvania
___ , ^
________
.
________
.............
Total________________________
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
1,576
582
273
2,077
60
610
1,983
225
48.0
53.5
48.7
56.0
52.6
50.0
55.0
55.2
1 1,575
13
........
” 242“
569
31
22
38
260
151
9,684
53.5
35 2,279
57 1,264 5,267
6
6
15
2
23
5
3
47
2
12
22
3
146
341
91
542
4
416
104
80
995
18
215
733
118
11
6
10
3,657
54.5
52.3
56.9
54.0
48.5
52.9
49.4
55.9
52.7
49.7
55.0
55.3
54.2
5
11
3
2
2
3
4
2
32
191
155
55
55
2
19
17
8
502
2
2
2
6
6
3
15
24
Doffers, male:
M assachusetts_______________ «
New Hampshire
..
___ _
New Y o r k ____________________
North Carolina,
J., . . . .
Pennsylvania ________________
South C arolin a...
... ___
Virginia_______________________
T otal............................................
Doffers, female:
M a in e ________________________
Massachusetts_________________
New H am pshire____ _________
New York_____________________
North Carolina________________
Pennsylvania__________________
South Carolina________________
Owier States___________________
Total________________________
Spooler tenders, male:
Georgia _____________________
South Carolina________________
Other States___________________
Total____________ ___________
Spooler tenders, female:
Alabam a______________________
Connecticut- _________________
Georgia _____________________
Maine _______________________
Massachusetts _______________
New Hampshire_______________
New York ___________________
North Carolina________________
Pennsylvania__________________
__________________
Rhode
Island
South Carolina________________
_______________________
Virginia
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
312
158
574
95
731
158
99
917
20
189
754
129 |
Total________________________
4,136
Slasher tenders, male:
36
Alabama______________________
6
21
6
Connecticut___________________
86
Georgia________________________
15
Maine _______________________
5
31
159
Massachusetts_________________
23
New Hampshire_______________
51
6
New York ___________________
19
3
North Carolina________________
159
43
8
2
Pennsylvania__________________
12
38
Rhode Island__________________
22
122
South Carolina________________
21
3
Virginia_______________________
Total_____ ______ ___________
146 |
751
1,735
350
26
4
1
5
55.0
51.7
56.3
54.0
48.4
54.0
48.9
55.5
51.5
50.4
55.0
56.1
53.3
696
86
205
18
99
18
62
6
4
320
59
337
397
131
846
111
38
334
JJ8
12
80
733
118
27
616
16
8
213 2.413 ____
183
154
55
55
2
4
3
212
15
17
4
12
59.2
55.0
60.1
59.2
53.6
86
1,983
225
53.8
48.0
1
54.0
48.0
55.0
53.2
55.0
53.0 ____
51.4
1
54.8
50.8
56.9
54.0
48.0
53.6
48.5
55.7
52.8
50.9
55.0
55.2
256
253
1 -----1
23
5
1
3
2
2
298
72
354
220
814
85
18
363 2,421
305
18
36
11
64
22
14
15
71
7
3
724
13
5 __ 13
4
95
155
9
90
99
6
14
90
754
129
25
984
20
10
31
156
16
149
5
3
23
15
5
103 | 397 |
122
15
520
1
2
6
4
29
6
51
3
6
6
37
GENERAL TABLES
T
able
C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 10 specified occupa
tions , 1926, by sex and State— Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
Loom fixers, male:
.................
Alabama
Onrmpintiroit
Georgia________________________
Maine_________________________
Massachusetts
New Hampshire - .......
New York ____________ __
North Carolina________________
Pp.nnsylvq.Tii a
Rhndft Island
South Carolina
Virginia
Number of employees whose full-time hours
per week were—
Aver
N um N um age
ber of ber of full
Over 57,
Ovei
estab em
time
54,
48,
lish ploy hours Un
un
54
un un 60 Over
der
48
per
ees
ments
der
60
week 48
der
der
60
54
57
206
119
354
141
638
174
98
727
19
216
554
83
54.9
51.2
57.6
54.1
48.3
54.2
50.0
55.7
51.9
50.0
55.3
55.2
3,329
53.5
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
449
542
824
239
2,056
298
183
2,257
18
589
898
250
151
8,603
54.9
50.4
57.3
54.1
49.0
54.4
50.4
55.6
51.1
50.1
55.0
55.2
53.2
Weavers, female:
Alabama___________ . _
6
Connecticut________
6
Georgia.____ _____________
15
Maine_______________ ____
5
23
Massachusetts............. ...........
N ew Hampshire__
6
New Y ork .......................
3
North Carolina....................
47
Pennsylvania........... .......
3
Rhode Island........................
12
South Carolina..........................
22
Virginia..........................................
3
Total........................................
151
394
425
560
182
2,628
342
185
1,419
76
558
684
143
54.7
50.2
57.0
54.0
48.0
53.3
49.2
55.5
52.7
50.3
55.0
55.3
17
7,596
51.9
17 3,410
12
9
15
49
86
4
15
55.0
51.9
55.3
48.0
55.5
55.0
51.3
49
7
190
53.0
60
88
67
234
151
410
85
118
316
34
190
211
28
132 | 1,932
55.0
50.0
56.9
54.0
48.0
54.0
48.7
55.8
52.5
49.6
55.0
55.3
.
Total_____________________ . . .
Weavers, male:
Alabama
.........
OoitiTip.et.ifmt___
Georgia....... ..........................
Maine
,
,
Massachusetts___ _____
N p.w Hampshire
New York _ _
North C arolina...
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island............... .
South Carolina .
Virginia.........................................
Total........................................ .
.
Trimmers or inspectors, male:
Alabama_________ ____ _
Connecticut...............
Georgia....... ....................
Massachusetts......... .......
North Carolina....................
South Carolina....................
Other S tates.................. ........
Total.............................
Trimmers or inspectors, female:
A labam a......................................
Connecticut...........................
Georgia......... ..................................
Maine.............................................
Massacb usetts. _________ ______
New Hampshire.............
N ew Y o r k ....................................
North Carolina..........................
Pennsylvania__________
Rhode
____________
Island _____
South Carolina........... ........... .
Virginia..........................................
Total...........................................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
3
3
4
6
20
3
6
45
6
5
14
5
22
6
3
36
3
12
17
3
52.6
6
65
130
200
54
171
11
622
16
144
15
30
9
60
21
523
83
11
20
16
369 1,718
279
41
12
437
187
441
21
383
74
646
10
145
906
9
71
355
218
1,921
32
87
2,061
24
146
50
898
250
630 4,414
585
137
368
131
332
228
1,301
98
20
326
20
16
179
24
135
13
385
2,796
183
41
119
5
204
26
294
182
2,628
325
37
148
25
51
340
218
684
143
51
813 2,959
12
5
14
4
2
1
3
7
83
4
1
7
119
4
88
20
144
90
278
18
20
108
20
45
151
410
85
13
105
13
138
21
52
211
28
2
698
13
322
769
T
able
D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in pay period in 10 specified occupations, 1926} by sex and State
One-week pay period
Occupation, sex, and State
Total.
41.9
50.0
50.1
45.9
45.1
47.4
41.7
49.6
35.3
44.5
43.3
43.8
151
964
46.3
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
125
49
252
54
255
163
33
343
19
72
226
53
42.9
48.5
41.7
48.2
47.7
48.9
42.2
47.0
39.0
48.0
39.1
42.4
151
1,644
44.9
1
1
1
1
....
5
4
1
1
3
1
6
2
3
2
1
6
2
24,
un
der
28
28,
un
der
32
32,
un
der
36
1
4
3
5
1
5 ” 3 ” 3
1
3
4 10 " i r
6
4
2
2
1
3
’T
....
....
2
2
6
2
1
6
3
3
6
32
13
19
27
31
11
....
8
1
2
6
1
16 ' T " T ‘ i f
2
1
11
2
6
2
12
2
11
2
3
1
3
10
2
1
22 " s ’
6
1
1
1
1
15
67
....
1
6
....
36,
un
der
40
" 2 ’ "3
4 “ 2" 5
2 ” 5
1
2
9
17
40,
un 44,
der under
44 48
8
9
19
1
17
15
1
11
24
4
32 118
5
6
13 14
i
1
4
” 3’
’ is" 11 21
i
1
2 15 12
i
1
1 17
2
2 13
8* 19
4
5 17
1
1 15
1
3
2
5
7
’ 24”
‘if
7 18 13
3
2
6
1
....
6
30
12
45
31
54
82
73 121
16
1
6
1
2
11
1
13
48
1
12
4
53
6
1
19
10
1
70
88
29
4
22
6
3
20
6
24
10
1
104
1
5
2
38
1
28
2
18
1
153
172
Over
48,
u n
der
50
1
50,
un
der
52
52,
un
der
54
6
8
1
2
7
15
3
54
15
.....
’ "i§"
.....
1
21 " ii "
.....
..... 1
” if
1
1
13
24
8
6
25
75
49
6
7
1
29
4
14
14
11
5
4
4
22
35
20
30
132
45
9
1
13
34
2
30
1
26
5
4
2
20
1
1
78
Over
54,
under
56
56,
un
der
58
2
11
26
2
5
2
1
1
4
2
77
27
6
13
19
1
7
2
11
6
17
14
2
1
4
1
38
27
27
....
1
6
1
32
7
1
157
39
10
3
2
3
3
3
1
8
2
25
7
1
25
1
35
2
5
1
10
4
2
9
16
12
-32
3
119
6
1
12
3
53
11
85
Over
58,
65, 70,
80
60, u n un
un
der 60 un der der and
der
over
60
65 70 80
262
12
7
5
3
4
3
53
26
20
1
1
74
23
4
1
MANUFACTURING
Card tenders and strippers,
male:
Alabama................................
Connecticut..........................
Georgia..................................
M aine....................................
Massachusetts.....................
N ew Hampshire.................
N ew Y ork...........................
N orth Carolina....................
Pennsylvania.......................
Rhode Island.......................
South Carolina_______ . . . .
Virginia.................................
85
25
128
41
143
69
28
224
12
51
134
24
20,
un
der
24
HOUBS— COTTON-GOODS
T otal.
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
16,
un
der
20
AND
Picker tenders, male:
A la b a m a ...............
Connecticut...........
Georgia...................
M aine.....................
Massachusetts___
N ew H am pshire..
N ew Y ork .............
North C arolin a...
Pennsylvania........
R hode Island____
South C a rolin a ...
Virginia................. .
hours
actually
4, 8, 12,
worked Un un un
un
in pay der der der der
period 4
8 12 16
WAGES
Number of employees whose hours actually worked in pay period were—
N um N u m
ber
ber
of
of
estab em
lish. ploy
ees
ments
Speeder tenders, male:
Alabama....................
Connecticut________
Georgia............ ..........
M aine.........................
Massachusetts..........
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Y o rk .................
N orth Carolina____
R hode Island........ .
South Carolina_____
Virginia......................
T o t a l......................
111
2,545
43.8
124
190
135
240
1,079
216
194
117
45
348
229
43.0
48.1
47.5
47.0
44.0
44.2
41.7
47.3
39.8
40.5
41.1
42.2
2,950
43.9
12
90
128
24
15
83
165
44
49.0
38.2
47.4
45.5
39.6
44.0
30.2
42.8
561
39.7
227
1,093
380
1,576
582
273
2,077
42.2
47.5
43.5
38.1
43.4
46.0
43.0
44.0
124
Spinners, frame, male:
Connecticut..............
Georgia......................
Massachusetts_____
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Y o rk .................
N orth Carolina____
South Carolina.........
Other S ta t e s ...........
T otal.......................
fipinners, frame, female:
Alabama....................
Connecticut..............
Georgia.......................
M aine- ............... .......
Massachusetts_____
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Y ork _________
N orth Carolina_____
54
4
1
13
2
29 128
14
6
1
16
68
2
4
'Y
6
12
2f
86
1
11
42
18
121
40
76 242
7
1
9
8
7 61
65 200
11
3
39 96
7
"34
16 37 ' 27'
1 44
3
1
2
27
50 108 105 209 457
18
18
74
43
1
11
1
1
1
3
15
2
28
13
4
1
14
2
1
2
2
18
35
2
4
2
3
11
1
5
2
9
2
T
5
10
5
10
24
26
1
46
3
20
2
1
67
17
17
22
22
29
63
6
56
20
95
15
16
149
22
17
33
66
7
101
62
105
19
144
137
12
10
‘ §9’
97
....
4
16
6
"46" " T
4
If
3
45
163
40
234
126
1
14
'l6"
670
9
15
1
10
1
10
1
1
”32"
20
163
921
69
97
11
11
10
1
11
5
41
48
....
_29"
5
11
5
"2*
1
1
368
76*
97
8
15
1
46
568 106
’ 25’
36 102
21
39
122
20
....
38
1
14
1
103
5
16”
12"
17
4
5
29
12
1
10
....
18
4
14
4
2
7
34
14
5
6
14
29
1
16
22
2
81
15
4
29
2
17
179
8
49
34
17
100
129
10
7
23
159
24 '46" 128
32
6
7
29 1,043'
3
"ii*
162
2
1
60
349
5
41 141
27
3
28
24
26
3
12
31
4
16
1
10
1
12
22
78
58
TABLES
3
139
11
21
9
1
16
GENERAL
22
228
58
36
832
76
558
Speeder tenders* female:
Alabama....................
Connecticut..............
G eorg ia .....................
M aine.........................
Massachusetts..........
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Y o r k .................
N orth Carolina........
Pennsylvania............
R hode Island______
South Carolina.........
Virginia......................
T otal.......................
153
42
430
40.5
47.8
41.4
45.0
47.5
44.3
45.4
48.0
42.3
39.0
42.3
6
6
15
5
16
5
3
47
33
15
91
'57" *175'
25
7
"Ii"
80
31
117
69
139
. 150
629
98
3
64
1
28
8
CO
CO
T
able
D .—
Average and classified hours actually worked in pay period in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State— Continued
O
One-week pay period—Continued
Occupation, sex, and State
9,684
42.0
341
91
542
4
416
104
80
995
18
215
733
118
42.4
49.0
44.7
44.1
43.0
45.4
44.4
46.1
37.7
44.5
38.7
43.4
43.5
5
11
3
2
2
3
4
2
191
155
55
55
2
19
17
8
38.7
45.9
45.2
43.2
27.9
41.1
38.5
49.9
Total-.............. .........
32
502
42.3
24,
un
der
28
1
8 18
96 75
12 1 1
28,
un
der
32
32,
un
der
36
3
1
8
13
1
21
1
2
5
5
1
8
4
20
14
5
68
2
4
1
14
9
1
19
3 12
11
2
3
2
1
2
19 "i2 ‘ 7
5
5
44
6
1
15
44 124
47
6
1
1
1
2
19” 52
93 163
8
19
36,
un
der
40
40,
un 44,
48
der under
44 48 •
Over
48,
un
der
50
7
2
1
7 ~16
1
9
10
1
7
1
2
18 38
1
8
9
14 39
9
34
3
26
13 39
2
4
18 46
1
27 32
11
1
1 35
15 56
17
7 12
13 109
6 24
29 I f
62 138 239 131 358
11
2
2
17
1
3
1
3§’
1
48
4
1
1
1
1
21
5
3
36
3
5
69
6
56
1
8
4
1
1
2
9
2
1
3
15
2
20
18
75
43
4
50
1
1
1
50
23 24
50 212
2 37
29
15
14
39
368
12
82
13
74
1
1
210
85
3
167
681
105
5
56
2
74
1
1
26
7
2
4
1
3
25
13
20
12
6
2
153
222
8
3
6
154
4
92
2
506
371
16
20
17
4
50, 52,
un un
der der
52
54
14
3
"74"
14
2
49
37
66
299
54
Over
54,
under
56
56,
un
der
58
350
5
3
32
2
109
424 1,309 144
1
5'
2
64
33
82
1
2
75
1
18
68
48
3 .....
1
155
1
18
681
92
3
46
1
23
4 214
4
31
14
1
3
|
5 130
14
113
4
2
44 100
3
2
3
62
116
6
3
4
73
9
28
3
2
344
139
1
2’
"59
14
10
42
Over 65, 70,
58,
80
un un and
un 60 u60,
n der
der
der
over
der
80
60
65 70
1
1
1
1
1
MANUFACTUBING
151
3,657
?
14
23
20,
un
der
24
66 129. 364 139 149 282 j'267 402 645 501 914 1,304 1,446
38.0
8
9 33
41.4
37.0 45 74 136
8
42.9 ----- 2
146
16,
un
der
20
2
39
7
60
610
1,983
225
Doffers, female:
M a in e --...............................
Massachusetts. ................. .
N ew Hampshire-..............
N ew Y o rk -_ _ ......................
North C a rolin a --............. .
Pennsylvania......................
South Carolina.................. .
Other S ta t e s .................... .
12,
un
der
16
209
6
3
12
22
3
Doffers, male:
Alabam a..............................
Connecticut.........................
Georgia................................
M aine............ .....................
Massachusetts. ..................
N ew Hampshire. _ - ..........
N ew Y ork ...........................
N orth C arolin a--........ . . .
Pennsylvania____________
R hode I s l a n d ..................
South Carolina..................
Virginia...............................
T o t a l . .............................
8,
un
der
12
HOUBS— COTTON-GOODS
T otal................................
4,
un
der
8
AND
Spinners, frame, female—Con.
Pennsylvania............... ......
R hode Island.....................
South Carolina.................. .
Virginia............................... .
Average
hours
actually
worked U n
in pay der
period 4
WAGES
Number of employees whose hours actually worked in pay period were—
N um N um
ber
ber
of
of
estab emlish p loyments
Spooler tenders, male:
Georgia ............... ........................
South Carolina........ ......... . . .
Other States...........................
T otal..............................
2
2
2
Spooler tenders, female:
Alabama..................................
Connecticut............................
Georgia....................................
M aine ..........................................
Massachusetts ........... ..............
New Hampshire...................
N ew Y o rk ..............................
North C a r o lin a ...................
Pennsylvania.......... .............
Rhode Island.........................
South Carolina......................
Virginia...................................
T otal.................................. .
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
312
158
574
95
731
158
99
917
20
189
754
129
4,136
44.7
46.4
45.4
40.0
43.3
44.1
41.0
45.6
35.4
43.7
39.9
43.4
Slasher tenders, male:
Alabama..................................
Connecticut................. .........
Georgia....................................
M aine......................................
Massachusetts _ •...................
N ew Hampshire...................
N ew Y o r k ..............................
North Carolina .....................
Pennsylvania.........................
Rhode Island.........................
South Carolina......................
Virginia...................................
Total ....................................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
43
2
12
22
3
146
36
21
86
31
159
51
19
159
8
38
122
21
751
50.3
53.6
50.2
51.9
46.5
48.1
54.4
55.2
42.8
51.1
43.6
48.5
49.9
Loom fixers, male:
Alabama..................................
Connecticut............................
Georgia................. .................
M a in e ................... ................
Massachusetts.......................
N ew Hampshire...................
N ew Y o rk ..............................
North Carolina.....................
Pennsylvania.........................
Rhode Island.........................
South Carolina............. .........
Virginia...................................
T otal................................
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
151
206
119
354
141
638
174
98
727
19
216
554
83
2,329
43.6
1
1
•
?,
1 ___
1 1
1
! l 1 1
1
1
1
1
1
ft
4
17
2
13
3
10
17
1
21
ft
36
8
1
2
37 110
2
1
6
2
5
17
2
2
2
1
4
29
2
1 ___
62 37
6
2
1
14
I
1
15
3
20
2
8
2
2 16
3
13 ’ §8’
1 29
24 11
10
9
4
5
1 6 ’ 31 31
1
3
2 " 9' 11
24 16 49
5
6
112 113 198
1
1
1
2
10 ! 1
i
i
| 1
2
5
1
3
1
5
4
9
1
!
1 l
__
11
4
1
3
3
1
1
3
1
2
5
13
1
2
2
3
2
3
■•4" 1
3
* T I .. ._ 1
7 10 I n
32
46.8
3
3
3
3
5
2
49.4
1
3
51.5
4
4
2 ~"6~ 5
47.8
1
2
5
47.9
1
1
3
"T
6
48.2
2
5
1 "T 2
3
48.9
1
1
52.3
7 "IT 1
5 13
42.9
47.9
2
2
1
1
5
49.1 " 4" 1 "ie ” 6 "2" 7
48.8
3
4 10 39 23 13 35 43
49.5
1
2
3
3
2
2
3 " ’ 7"
4
1
4
5
1
3
1 13
8 18
6
11
3
46 !1i
4
21
1
75
7
9
6
7
2
J
..
1
1
........
5 1(-------.........
----------------____
5 ! ____
1
3
59
17
,1
39
7 ■"44" 63
31
8
i
488
4
13
21
35
----3 ■"§■ "65
1
53
2
2
""65" " i o "
47
630 | 125 266
71
1
10
1
2
1
4
9
5
3 !!
1
..........!! 1
4 !| l
„ J
4
6
26 18 23
38
1 24
3
15
26 14 43
64
1
3 20
5
51 23 62
27
4 22
1
19
20 23
2
49 11 69 ” "176"
8
5
14
7 12
13
51
8 114
168
1
3 25
10
251 141 395
535
2
2
1
2
2
96
4
8 -----
7
2
12
13
4
36
40
132
5
13
3
2
9
4
1
3
2
3
18
4
24
4
3
40
11
50
1
12
53
5 "17"
7
19
1
33
4 32
8
3
633
12
9
3
24
6 —- - 1
19
6 "24" " " “46'
3 " l 3 ' 24
8
10
1
5
3 ” 4"
124
12 54
43
25
20
26
2
3
2
1
53
63 143
198 j 760
68 205
11
1
19
2
15
30 | 44
4
24
21
1
116
80
11
85
13
2
1
57
1
250
i
10
77
1
9
7
13
6
2
1
1
59
4
18
1
3
9
10
20
3
5
22
1
11 i! 0
3
1
,
I
•
11
3
1 j 4
I
1 I 1
4
1
2
2
7
1
1
2
I 13
5
i
1
46
1
140
27
61
43
123
11
1
13
■9"
1
4
7
2
1
68
2
1
8
"9"
5
16
17
1
347
60
10
8
68
40
11
2
3
2
11 I B " 30
11
87 53 186
1
46
3
118
§
9
5
28
15
5
157
756
2
3
33
4
1
1
2
1
1
1
11
1
16
35
14
3
j
45
7 ...........
1
284
28
167
1
56
163 1 1
3 I 20
134
671 !115 ! 3 115
8*
1
10
12
65
57
61 1 17
103
I 10
1
1
46 I 14 I 18 IF *
4
1
1
3
TABLES
44.3
36.3
45.0
43.8
GENERAL
6
6
3
15
24
T
able
D .—
Average and classified hours actually worked in pay period in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State— Continued
to
One-week pay period—Continued
WAGES
Number of employees whose hours actually worked in pay period were—
Occupation, sex, and State
32,
un
der
36
36,
un
der
40
40, 44,
un
under
der 48
44
48
Over
48,
un
der
50
52,
un
der
54
Over
54,
54 under
56
56,
un
der
58
60
190
49.0
6
5
14
5
22
6
3
36
3
12
17
3
88
67
234
151
410
85
118
316
34
190
211
28
48.3
45.9
47.8
48.3
44.2
49.9
42.5
47.8
38.0
45.2
42.5
50.5
132
1,932
45.8
15
20
42
42
19
42
Over
60,
un
der
65
65,
un
der
70
70, 80
un and
der over
80
264
30
58
117
18
215
23
10
4
17
14
8 22
43
55
57 123 168
282
445
67
123
26
178
15
45
MANUFACTURING
T otal..................................
28,
un
der
32
47.8
51.7
50.6
49.9
46.9
47.5
49.3
T otal..................................
Trimmers or inspectors, female;
Alabama...............................
Connecticut..........................
Georgia..................................
M aine....................................
Massachusetts.....................
New Hampshire.................
New Y ork............................
North Carolina__________
Pennsylvania______ _____
Rhode Island_____ _______
South Carolina___ ________
Virginia.................................
16, 20,
un un
der der
20 24
HOURS— COTTON-GOODS
Trimmers or inspectors, male:
Alabama.............................
Connecticut..........................
Georgia................... .............
North Carolina...................
Massachusetts.....................
South Carolina......... ..........
Other States.......... .............
Average
hours
actually
4, 8,
worked Un un un
in pay der
der
der
period 4
8 12
AND
N um N um
ber
ber
of
of
estab emlish ployments
Two-week pay period
Occupation, sex, and
State
Aver
N um N um
age
ber of ber of hours
estab em actually Un 8,
lish ploy worked der un
ments
ees
in pay 8 der
period
16
Number of employees whose hours actually worked in pay period were—
16,
un
der
24
24,
un
der
32
40,
un
der
48
25
1
20
3
2
4
48, 56,
un un
der der
56 64
64,
un
der
72
22
4
28
6
44
17
10
5
76
33
2
10
6
2
78' 142
60
1
2 ’ 27’ " i r
18 32
18
9 12
10
26
5
27
1
37
5
10
69
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
449
542
824
239
2,056
298
183
2,257
18
589
898
250
6 17 16
80.1
7 11
95.5
1
91.4
2 12 14 11 10
94.7
1
3
1
92.3
4
7
2
9 16
95.5 . . . . 2
2
1 15
_ 1
_
94.5
5 '36 21 *40 "4l"
90.5
87.5
88.9
‘ T ‘ T ” 2" " T
88.7 _ _ 7
7
7
8
84.9
1
3
1
3
T otal.....................
151
8,603
90.7
Weavers, female:
Alabama.............
Connecticut.........
Georgia.....................
M aine.....................
Massachusetts.........
N ew H a m p sh ire...
N ew Y ork ................
North Carolina____
Pennsylvania_____
Rhode Island..........
South Carolina........
Virginia____ _______
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
394
425
560
182
2,628
342
185
1,419
76
558
684
143
85.2
2
5
6
8
5 13
95.6
1
3
1
89.4
9 12
*3_ 8
89.4
4
4
90.9 " T ’ l5’ "l2* 14
9 ~’ s
92.7
5
5
1
3
3
89.6
1
3
91.2
4 16 17 ’ 22” 20 "48*
83.8
1
2
2
88. 0
3
” 2’ 11
1
83.9
5 21
9 12 14
2
76.8
5
3
5
2 12
151
7,596
89.6
T otal..................
•
_
....
....
19
88
70
....
83 110 163 409
....
....
_
17
61
80
71
.....
52
13
80,
un
der
84
84,
un
der
88
88,
un
der
92
9
27
13
54
9
3
18
4
21
41
24
54
15
7
28
51
19 " 76" 17
18
4 .....
6
8
4
1
72
82
57 138
3
12
20 ” 36’ " 2 9 “
8
50
98
43
89
6
12
2
90
174
253
300
29
12
34
7
80
15
5
82
1
21
31
11
10
5
11
5
28
4
1
19
1
28
18
2
20
5
33
7
45
4
28
42
2
9
52
4
26
8
16
9
69
42
4
63
28
21
31
76 112 328
132
251
317
336
262
12
9
1
10
43
22
51
41 " 9 8 “
2
11
7
6
68
42
1
24 “ 2 l‘
102
27
7
3
367
241
480
50
4
49
1
15
2
1
83
23
7
60
42
337
92,
un
der
96
96
15
6
198
106
41
3
18
32 1,555
6
1
102
1
85
1
Over
96,
un
der
100
100,
un
der
104
104,
un
der
108
15
1
60
15
87
3
110
10
4
31
26
" lE "
3
56
108
1
2
1
7 ’ ‘ §5’
129
17
57
24
2
10
2
45
6
57
206
77
283
10
5
29
27
2
4
108
59
55
20
448 2,164
232
595
253
285
13
4
8
71
17
57
198
5
12
” 33" 56
21
11
9
2
42 2,‘ l47’
1
59
3
7 106
2 ’ *’ 97"
3
69
23 127
80
1
1
108 ” 257" 11
12
56
16 ~~67~ 44
1
3
2
19
18
1
1
62
82
.....
439 2,718
101 j 352
290
Over
108,
un
der
no
1
83
70
27
no
71
152
136
3
Over
110,
un
der
115
115,
un
der
120
5
120
Over
120
5
2
95
11
32
51-
155
9
18
52
12
53 1,375
159
30
199
63
84
101
102
3
9
49
69
3
42
3
92
3
" 27"
4
80
750
181
2
7
13
30
2
470
1
103
2
228
35
862
1
1
1
72
14
TABLES
Weavers, male:
Alabama...................
Connecticut_______
Georgia.....................
M aine.......................
Massachusetts. . . . .
N ew Hampshire . . .
N ew Y o rk ................
North Carolina___
Pennsylvania..........
Rhode Island..........
South Carolina____
Virginia...................
72,
un
der
80
GENEBAL
32,
un
der
40
T
able
E.— Average and classified actual earnings in pay period in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State
One-week pay period
125
49
252
54
255
163
33
343
19
72
226
53
1,644
9.93
17.56
9.66
17.82
20.57
20.45
19.37
13.04
16.41
20.67
9.53
12.05
14.47
153
42
430
11.85
21.51
12.06
21.01
21.87
12
151
21
228
20.68
$10,
un
der
$12
$12,
un
der
$14
11
1
28
3
g
2
22
10
7
3
14
9
14
18
5
2
2
3
1
12
2
3
10
3
57
7
10
37
2
2
6
1
13
22
64
31
1
33 ! 57 | 103
1
39
* 5
120
3
18
12
142
25
2
59
17
3
45
5
3
4
14
38
2
3
1
19
1
29
6
113
1
1
7
2
5
1
7
1
9
2
13
’ 25’
2
59
15
11
51
19
1
1
1
.....
2
25
10
33
28
38
1
3
2
1
20
1
1
17
1
15
3"
2
2
41
73
43
5
146
3
46
3
186
6
1
21
12
1
39
28
2
44
1
1
9
2
3
71
6
43
13
210
30
1
66
1
8
4
$14, $16, $18, $20, $22, $24, $26, $28,
un un un un un un un un
der der der der der der der der
$16 $18 $20 $22 $24 $26 $28 $30
4
3
15
1
12
3
5
52
1
9
1
2
108
8
7
1
10
36
6
7
33
8
6
5
i
41
20
12
9
7
1
11
16
31
1
3
18
2
127
110
14
3
2
3
15
16
6
29
6
5
13
54
3
53
12
32
15
2
14
79 ” 42" 25
1
1
9
2
15
8
11
12
1
1
23
193 161 173
22
56
18
4
15
2
15
1
24
92
2
21
3
15
1
63
6
25
4
4
5
6
2
28
1
14
5
2
2
1
6
2
3
1
5
1
3
1
2
2
1
1
72
17
8
6
2
8
1
14
47
5
1
29
15
2
21
14
1
4
10
9
3
2
141
78
55
39
6
3
6
5
1
37
7
1
14
2
1
17
9
"16"
1
4
3
25* 20
14
4
$30, $32, $34, $36, $38, $40, $42, $44, $46, $50
un un un un un un un un un and
der der der der der der der der der over
$32 $34 $36 $38 $40 $42 $44 $46 $50
1
1
....
1
1
1
2
MANUFACTURING
51
134
24
964
$9.20
18.18
10.76
16.21
17.77
18.39
16.12
13.07
14.88
17.27
10.85
10.96
13.74
$8,
un
der
$10
HOURS— COTTON-GOODS
85
25
128
41
143
69
28
224
$6,
un
der
$8
4
1
2
2
1
2
3
! 4
—
1
3
19
1
2
16
1
6
1
1
AND
Picker tenders, male:
Alabam a....................................
Connecticut..............................
Georgia.......................................
Maine.........................................
Massachusetts..........................
New Hampshire......................
New Y ork.................................
North Carolina.........................
Pennsylvania............................
Rhode Island............................
South Carolina.........................
Virginia......................................
Total.......................................
Card tenders and strippers, male
Alabama....................................
Connecticut..............................
Georgia.......................................
Maine.........................................
Massachusetts..........................
New Hampshire......................
New Y ork .................................
North Carolina.........................
Pennsylvania............................
Rhode Island............................
South Carolina........................
Virginia......................................
Total.......................................
Speeder tenders, male:
Alabam a....................................
Connecticut..............................
Georgia.......................................
M aine.........................................
Massachusetts..........................
N ew Hampshire.......................
Number of employees whose earnings in pay period were—
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
Aver
N um N um age
ber of ber of actual
em
earn Un $4,
lish- ploy- ings in der un
$4 der
ments
pay
$6
period
l
1
1
New York...........
North Carolina..
Rhode Isla n d ....
South Carolina..
Virginia...............
Total..
Total..
Total..
Spinners, frame, female:
Alabam a.....................
C o n n e c ticu t............
Georgia....... ...............
M aine..........................
Massachusetts...........
N ew Hampshire.......
N ew Y ork..................
N orth Carolina........ .
Pennsylvania............
R hode Island.............
South Carolina.........
Virginia.......................
Total..
22.45
15.97
19.55
11.45
15.99
139
2,545
15.04
86
100
6
6
10
5
23
6
3
26
3
12
21
3
124
190
135
240
1,079
216
194
117
45
348
229
33
10.81
6
10
18.31 . . . . .
1
2
13.20
18.50
2
3
17.16
18
14
19.70
4
1
1
4
16.34
14.20
6
3
14.51 ____ ____
15.63
29
7
11.00
15
13
13.81
3
2
11
1
124
2,950
16.17
2
6
11
4
3
8
16
4
12
90
128
24
15
83
165
44
16.24
1
8.60
24
2
20.93
20.44
16.49 ____
21
6.99
71
6.25
10.38
5
54
561
11.50
6
6
15
5
23
6
3
47
3
12
22
3
598
227
1,093
380
1,576
582
273
2,077
60
610
1,683
225
25
25
V ____
66
26
12
2
182
94
34
1
77
5
59
4
111
5
2
129
6
89
14
2
166
4
53
18
3
156
8
26
15
7
94
11
10
12
8
44
20
2
6
12
14
7
5
1
3
2
1
165
202
289
382
337
264
193
124
87
45
33
21
9
2
23
3
9
7
24
14
3
5
_____
8
26
27
3
26
34
36
11
7
11
2
6
48
2
23
4
19
19
95
8
21
18
6
30
53
4
12
12
36
47
153
13
44
18
22
47
33
4
4
57
12
18
213
14
47
37
11
74
13
7
6
60
10
42
213
29
40
11
1
67
3
7
2
35
5
25
154
12
11
4
10
3
16
91
26
7
1
2
2
14
32
32
5
5
10
23
1
1
1
14
1
4 -----
1
55
1
2
10
5
2
2
1
441
507
489
306
164
90
43
18
30
45
_____
63
3$
6
4
6
7
24
10
3
3
3
5
24
2
57
99
122
213
300
10
2
1
1
18
16
3
1
9
2
2
1
15
19
8
1
6
4
1
12
3
1
12
22
7
10
10
7
1
20
4
1
1
2
14
5
124 1 51
57
53
43 1
48
1
8
3
1
2
5
1
5
1
2
1
1 .... .... ....
1
------
8.84
50
16.91
4
9.55 114
11.24
22
16.38
28
18.79
8
7
17.36
10.11 210
15.25 ____
47
35. 01
7.87 416
14
11.86
151 |9,684 | 11.84
920
3
3
1
1
1
6
1
3
4
26 "2 2 "
1
5
2
2
1
3
3
4
2
3
16 1 39
42
2
6
1
4
2
8
3
1
14
5
1
2
1
15
14 ! 21
70
2
101
28
21
4
3
193
1
10
253
16
105
130
3
9
143
187
44
56
46
63
5
10
3
5
211
353
1 ___
14
22
309
356
18
34
89
12
203
48
118
44
16
391
4
70
2C6
41
21
24
68
50
225
71
10
169
28
71
70
27
7
41
41
26
350
70
78
146
15
145
35
30
100
8
15
302
75
55
35
7
117
9
21
16
5
1
7
11
282
47
91
74
62
23
18 ____
702
902 1,225 1,289 1,242
834
984
744
516
136
7
227
73
75
27
9
360
4
40
327
24
2
38
1
33
1
3
1
11
1
11
2
7
6
12
13
7
3
1
15
75
1
1
4
28
1
2
1
194 |97
TABLES
Spinners, frame, male:
C onnecticut.............
Georgia.................... .
Massachusetts.........
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Y ork ................
North Carolina___
South Carolina.......
Other States.............
36
832
76
558
111
GENERAL
Speeder tenders, female:
Alabama.....................
Connecticut...............
Georgia........................
M aine..........................
Massachusetts............
N ew Hampshire........
N ew Y ork...................
North Carolina..........
Pennsylvania.............
Rhode Island.............
South Carolina..........
Virginia.......................
3
47
11
22
3
1
1
1
1
|—
35
i
~~|~~
___ 1.........
T a b l e E .— Average and classified actual earnings in pay period in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State— Continued
ft
One-week pay period— Continued
146
Total..
Spooler tenders, male:
Georgia....................
South Carolina___
Other States...........
Total-
32
191
155
55
55
2
19
17
8
11.77
17.52
15.08
16.64
8.75
16.80
9.54
12.84
502
14.56
9.11
7.62
8.15
8.32
1
14
1
2
119
7
107
10
225
165
$12
114
16
145
15
449
228
$12,
un
der
$14
$14, $16, $18, $20,
un un un un
der der der der
$16 $18 $20
$22
18
82
1
33
3
5
185
1
11
129
15
22
556
501
415
26
57
30
43
91
332
201
111
64
33
17
$32, $34, $36, $38, $40, $42, $44, $46, $50
un un un un un un un un and
der der der der der der der der over
$34 $36 $38 $40 $42 $44 $46 $50
10
24
14
$24, $26, $28, $30,
un un un un un
der der der der der
$24 $26
$30 $32
77
118
26
MANUFACTURING
Doffers, female:
M aine.....................
Massachusetts___
New H am pshire.
N ew Y o rk _ _ ........
N orth C arolin a...
Pennsylvania___
South C a rolin a ...
Other States..........
3,657
75
un
der
HOURS— COTTON-GOODS
Total..
49
$10
341 $11.12
91 15.83
542 12.61
4 13.93
416 17.79
104 20.26
80 18.91
995 12.98
18 16.46
215 16.98
733 10.06
118 12.45
13.36
$10,
AND
Doffers, male:
Alabam a...............
C onnecticut.........
Georgia..................
M aine....................
Massachusetts___
N ew H am pshireNew Y o r k . . .......
North C arolin a..
Pennsylvania___
R hode Island.......
South C arolina...
Virginia.................
$8,
un
der
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
Number of employees whose earnings in pay period were—
A ver
N um N um age
ber of ber of actual
earn Un
estab em
lish ploy* ings in der
ments
period $4,
Spooler tenders, female:
Alabam a...................
Connecticut........... .
Georgia......................
Maine........................
Massachusetts.........
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Y ork .................
North Carolina........
Pennsylvania...........
R hode Island...........
South Carolina........
V ir g in ia ..................
Total......................
312
158
574
95
731
158
99
917
151
10.73
299
327
21
86
14.02
26.53
15.36
26.34
25.51
26.14
27.87
19.58
151
57
2
3
6
49
7
3
16
1
16
6
2
18
7.
3
8
553
373
315
141
78
27
28
11
10
2
11
3
14
21
8
2
1
25
2
1
5
....
3
4
2
32
4
8
18
38
6
3
11
2
13
2
30
22
14
88
18
29
98
20
16
33
65
9
140
13
23
136
8
35
45
30
548
760
676
2
I
I
2
6
95
13
140
12
71
10
4
172
3
?1
2
4
7
1
6
63
23
10
25
1
5
3
54
7
11
1
24
6
14
112
33
12
54
4
48
6
1
54
27
119
22
90
7
12
184
2
7
120
32
80
4
100
4
37
11
3
106
1
7
175
20
2
1
1
4
2
5
2
3
6
16
2
39
2
5
16
38
66
1
1
8
7
3
2
8
1
3
2
1
22
21.68
122
21
27.57
12.97
17.49
9
751
2a 51
17
206
119
354
141
638
174
98
727
19
216
554
18.46
30.12
19.16
28.67
29.69
32.11
32.14
21.47
25.19
29.85
18.53
22.83
3,329
24.21
(
4
5
3
1
1
1
6
5
3
5
.....
2
1
6
1
3
2
2
1
10
9
1
14
1
13
1
6
1
8
3
14
1
32
38
26
33
39
1
31
74
2
.....
5
4
6
3
12
33
3
42
23
6
13
6
26
2
1
1
3
52
78
93
63
68
1
2
27
4
12
1
25
2
5
3
68
66
1
129
.....
15
45
72
50
4
7
51
1
113
3
ll3
3
3
77
4
29
1
41
32
14
3
1
289
4
4
i24
22
108
152
354
404
10
2
8
5
84
3
3
5
4
4
.....
1
1
7
1
1
6
3
1
” 9" ‘ "3" 10
6 48
7
5
8
2
1
1
4
4
2
3
1
” 2'
7
3
1
1
6
4
1
2
i
!
2
2
1
5
1
1
1
1
__
2
3
ta b le s
146
21
10
50
3
23
6
Ge n e r a l
4,136
31
159
51
19
159
L oom fixers, male:
A labam a...................
Connecticut.............
Georgia......................
M aine........................
Massachusetts..........
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Y ork .................
N orth Carolina........
Pennsylvania...........
Rhode Island...........
South Carolina........
Virginia.....................
Total............... .......
6
113
10
20
189
754
129
Slasher tenders, male:
Alabam a...................
C onnecticut.............
Georgia......................
M a in e.......................
Massachusetts.........
N ew Hampshire___
N ew Y ork .................
N orth Carolina........
Pennsylvania...........
R hode Island...........
South Carolina........
Virginia.....................
T otal........ .............
iao2
43
2
71
4
21
9
1
75
1
6
89
5
8.09
13.10
8.79
12.95
13.97
15.24
14.34
10.52
12.48
13.29
7.67
1
28
79
30
4
3
2
4
3
3
1
21
78
15
10
14
16
7
63
12
6
22
2
16
35
11
6
6
17
17
1
2
564 172 197 206 477 121 159 113
23
82
4
9 24 40
5
11
1
1
39
4
15 103 111 226
3
7
5 31
3 11 43
7
9
44 30 26
1
10
2 24 23 85
5
3
23 19
5
40
21
2
9
7
2
2
11
9 ""2"
2
2
1
6
7
1
1
23
2
3
2
7
•<1
T a b l e E.— Average and classified actual earnings in pay period in 10 specified occupations, 1926, by sex and State— Continued
One-week pay period—Continued
Total
Trim mers or inspectors, female:
Alohomo
Total
12
9
15
49
86
4
15
$9.54
20.27
11.93
14.95
14 20
9! 50
18. 75
45
190
14.47
g
5
14
5
22
g
3
36
3
12
17
3
88
67
234
151
410
85
118
316
34
190
211
28
132
1 932
2
2
1
1
1
7
3
4
6
2
9
20
7
2
6
7
19
1
4
15
8.67
1
4
1
12.47
54
16
12
8.74
1
2
12.04 - - - - 5
9
12.33
1
14.98
-- "
“
3
12.88
10
12
27
10.87
1 ----12.63
3
" i3 "
13.30
65
17
31
7.77
14.57
56
1
74
39
19
193
321
11.26
55
70
41
12
4
63
20
120
9” *"’ 20"
70
59
8
5
9
3
35
53
1
359
$12,
un
der
$14
$14, $16, $18, $20, $22, $24, $26, $28, $30, $32, $34, $36, $38, $40, $42, $44, $46, $50
un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un and
der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der over
$16 $18 $20 $22 $24 $26 $28 $30 $32 $34 $36 $38 $40 $42 $44 $46 $50
2
1
5 ..... .....
8
15
18
20
1
1
8
5
3
1
1
2
1
1 jI 1
4
3
3
4
24
28
18
10
29
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
3
!
1
!
!
1
........
!
.— 1
1........
i
2
i
2
j
|
46
7
64
189
32
59
101
3
51
10
12
10
6
18
38
26
14
25
17
100
7
6
2
574
261
82
15
2
6
23
21
12
9
3
........i
1
3
i
I
!. . . . 1
1
2
3
1
|
!
1
1
i
I
-I.L—
1
1
1
1
1 J
j
I . ..
I
I
!
1
1
1
I
1
1
1
I
i
i
j....
.
i
i
1
!
1
!
___ !________ '____1____
_ _ _ i _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ !_ _ _ _
1
— !— |— !—
6
2
. . . j ........
1
MANUFACTURING
riA/ir(n*Q
TV/ToillA
TV/To cco />V|11cnf'fc
‘M’fttr TTomi'nchifo
XJotxt V nrlr
KTnrfVt Pornlin q
pan ticvl vq nift
PH aHa TclonH
finnth PflrAlina
Virginia.......................................
3
3
4
§
20
3
6
$8,
un
der
$10
HOURS— COTTON-GOODS
onr<ria
TVT
\TnrfVi O.orAlino
Cniifh nfifAllHQ
Other States...............................
$10,
un
der
$12
$6,
un
der
$8
AND
Trimmers or inspectors, male:
Alabama
Number of employees whose earnings in pay period were—
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and State
AverN um
ber of ber of actual
earn Un $4,
estab em
lish ploy ings in der un
der
pay
ees
ments
$6
period $4
Two-week pay period
Occupation, sex, and
State
49
35.95
236
394
425
560
182
2,628
342
185
1,419
76
558
684
143
23.68
36.47
25.40
40.12
38.20
45.28
41.58
28.77
36.96
40.08
23.19
26.54
7,596
33.65
$14
$16
$18
$40,
$44,
$48,
$52,
$56,
$64,
$72,
$76,
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
un
der
$28
$32
$36
$40
$44
$48
$52
$56
$32,
56
52
146
12
241
14
320
320
5
57
101
40
1
34
135
42
87
100
123
166
206
22
777
22
255
15
48
65
31
203
74
104
132
144
215
1,058 j
18
65
40
24
394
13
40
18
5
1
7
21
1
1
14
843
47
716
647
400
247
172
95
4
38
29
7
24
14
29
22
28
151
10
23
75
19
7
7
20
1,012 1,023
49
87
75
25
362
24
23
22
187
15
12
43
30
74
99
6
21
106
885
710
77
28
17
431
140
$84,
and
over
90
57
31
16
TABLES
151
$12
449 $23.87
542 41.49
824 27.12
239 45.87
2,056 42.33
298 49.07
183 49.40
2,257 31.97
18 44.34
589 43.87
898 27.87
250 33.07
Total.................
Weavers, female:
A labam a.............. .
Connecticut........
Georgia.................
M aine...................
Massachusetts.. .
New Hampshire.
New Y ork ........... .
North Carolina...
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island___
South Carolina...
Virginia.................
20
$10, $12, $14, $16, $18, $ ,
un un un un un un
der der der der der der
GENERAL
W eavers, male:
Alabam a..............
Connecticut........ .
Georgia.................
M aine...................
M assachusetts.. .
New Hampshire.
New Y ork...........
North Carolina..
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island___
South C arolina..
Virginia.................
Total................. .
Number of employees whose earnings in pay period were—
N um N um Average
ber
ber
actual
of
of
earn
estab emlish ploy- ings in
pay
ments
period
LIST OF BULLETINS OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
The following is a list of all bulletin* of the Bureau of Labor Statistics published since
July, 1912, except that in the case of bulletins giving the results of periodic surveys of the
bureau, only the latest bulletin on any one subject is here listed
A complete list of the reports and bulletins issued prior to July, 1912, as well as the bul
letins published since that date, will be furnished on application Bulletins marked thus
(*) are out of print
.
.
.
Conciliation and Arbitration (including strikes and lockouts).
•No. 124. Conciliation and arbitration in the building trades of Greater New York. [1913.]
•No. 133. Report of the industrial council of the British Board of Trade in its inquiry into industrial
agreements. [1913.]
♦No. 139. Michigan copper district strike. [1914.]
N o. 144. Industrial court of the cloak, suit, and skirt industry of New York City. [1914.]
N o. 145. Conciliation, arbitration, and sanitation in the dress and waist industry of New York City.
[1914.1
•No. 191. Collective bargaining in the anthracite coal industry. [1916.]
♦No. 198. Collective agreements in the men’s clothing industry. [1916.]
N o. 233. Operation of the industrial disputes investigation act of Canada. [1918.]
N o. 255. Joint industrial councils in Great Britain. [1919.]
N o. 283. History of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 1917 to 1919.
N o. 287. National War Labor Board: History of its formation, activities, etc. [1921.
No. 303. Use of Federal power in settlement of railway labor disputes. [1922.]
N o. 341. Trade agreement in the silk-ribbon industry of New York City. [1923.]
N o. 402. Collective bargaining b y actors. [1926.]
No. 419. Trade agreements, 1925.
Cooperation.
N o. 313. Consumers' cooperative societies in the United States in 1920.
N o. 314. Cooperative credit societies in America and in foreign countries. [1922.]
No. 437. Cooperative societies in the United States in 1925 (other than agricultural).
Employment and Unemployment.
♦No. 109. Statistics of unemployment and the work of employment offices in the United States.
[1913.]
N o. 172. Unemployment in New York City, N . Y . [1915.]
♦No. 183. Regularity of employment in the women’s ready-to-wear garment industries. [1915.]
♦No. 195. Unemployment in the United States. [1916.)
N o. 196. Proceedings of the Employment Managers’ Conference held at Minneapolis, M inn.,
January, 1916.
♦No. 202. Proceedings of the conference of Employment Managers' Association of Boston, Mass.,
held M a y 10,1916.
N o. 20Q. The British system of labor exchanges. [1916J
♦No. 227. Proceedings of the Employment Managers’ Conference, Philadelphia, Pa., April 2 and 3,
1917.
N o. 235. Employment system of the Lake Carriers’ Association. [1918.]
•No. 241. Public employment offices in the United States. [1918.]
N o. 247. Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, Rochester, N . Y ., M ay 9-11,1918.
N o. 310. Industrial unemployment: A statistical study of its extent and causes. [1922.]
N o. 409. Unemployment in Columbus, Ohio, 1921 to 1925.
Foreign Labor Laws.
♦No. 142. Administration of labor laws and factory inspection in certain European countries.
[1914.]
Housing.
•No. 158. Government aid to home owning and housing of working people in foreign countries. [1914.]
N o. 263. Housing b y employees in the United States. [1920.]
N o. 424. Building permits in the principal cities of the United States, 1925.
Industrial Accidents and Hygiene.
♦No. 104. Lead poisoning in potteries, tile works, and porcelain enameled sanitary ware factories.
[1912.]
No. 120. Hygiene in the painters’ trade. [1913,]
♦No. 127. Dangers to workers from dust ana fumes, and methods of protection. [1913.]
♦No. 141. Lead poisoning in the smelting and refining of lead. [1914.]
♦No. 157. Industrial accident statistics. [1915.]
♦No. 165. Lead poisoning in the manufacture of storage batteries. [1914.]
♦No. 179. Industrial poisons used in the rubber industry. [1915»]
N o. 188. Report of British departmental committee on the danger in the use of lead in the painting
of buildings. [1916.]
♦No. 201. Report of committee on statistics and compensation-insurance cost of tho International
Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions. [1916.]
♦No. 207. Causes of death b y occupation. [1917.1
♦No. 209. Hygiene of the printing trades. [1917.]
N o. 219. Industrial poisons used or produced in the manufacture of explosives. [1917.]
No. 221. Hours, fatigue, and health in British munition factories. [1917.]
No. 230. Industrial efficiency and fatigue in British munition factories. [1917.]
♦No. 231. Mortality from respiratory diseases in dusty trades (inorganic dusts). [1918.]
N o. 234. Safety movement in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1917.
Industrial Accidents and Hygiene— Continued
♦No. 236. Effect of the air hammer on the hands of stonecutters. [1918.]
No. 249. Industrial health and efficiency. Final report of British Health of Munition Workers
Committee. [1919.]
•No. 251. Preventable death in the cotton-manufacturing industry. [1919.]
No. 256. Accidents and accident prevention in machine building. [1919.]
N o. 267. Anthrax as an occupational disease. [1920.]
No. 276. Standardization of industrial accident statistics. [1920.]
No. 280. Industrial poisoning in making coal-tar dyes and dye intermediates. [1921.]
N o. 291. Carbon monoxide poisoning. [1921.]
No. 293. The problem of dust phthisis in the granite-stone industry. [1922.]
No. 298. Causes and prevention of accidents in the iron and steel industry, 1916 to 1919.
No. 306. Occupational hazards and diagnostic signs: A guide to impairments to be looked for in
hazardous occupations. [1922.]
No. 339. Statistics of industrial accidents in the United States. [1923.]
No. 392. Survey of hygienic conditions in the printing trades. [1925.]
No. 405. Phosphorus necrosis in the manufacture of fireworks and the preparation of phosphorus.
[1926.]
No. 425. Record of industrial accidents in the United States to 1925.
N o. 426. Deaths from lead poisoning. [1926.]
N o. 427. Health survey in the printing trades, 1922 to 1925.
No. 428. Proceedings of the Industrial Accident Prevention Conference, held at Washington, D . C.,
July 14-16, 1926.
Industrial Relations and Labor Conditions.
No. 237. Industrial unrest in Great Britain. [1917.]
No. 340. Chinese migrations, with special reference to labor conditions. [1923.]
N o. 349. Industrial relations in the West Coast lumber industry. [1923.]
No. 361. Labor relations in the Fairmont (W . Va.) bituminous-coal field. [1924.]
No. 380. Postwar labor conditions in Germany. [1925.]
No. 383. Works council movement in Germany. [1925.]
No. 384. Labor conditions in the shoe industry in Massachusetts, 1920 to 1924.
No. 399. Labor relations in the lace and lace-curtain industries in the United States.
Labor Laws of the United States (including decisions of courts relating to labor).
No. 211. Labor laws and their administration in the Pacific States. [1917.]
No. 229. Wage-payment legislation in the United States. [1917.]
No. 285. Minimum-wage legislation in the United States. [1921.]
No. 321. Labor laws that have been declared unconstitutional. [1922.]
No. 322. Kansas Court of Industrial Relations. [1923.]
No. 343. Laws providing for bureaus of labor statistics, etc. [1923.]
No. 370. Labor laws of the United States, with decisions of courts relating thereto.
No. 408. Laws relating to the payment of wages. [1926.]
N o. 434. Labor legislation of 1926.
No. 444. 'Decisions of courts and opinions affecting labor, 1926. (In press.)
[1925.]
[1925.]
Proceedings of Annual Conventions of Association of Governmental Labor Officials of the United
States and Canada.
N o. 266. Seventh, Seattle, Wash., July 12-15, 1920.
N o. 307. Eighth, New Orleans, La., M a y 2-6,1921.
*No. 323. Ninth, Harrisburg, Pa., M a y 22-26,1922.
No. 352. Tenth, Richmond, Va., M a y 1-4, 1923.
No. 389. Eleventh, Chicago, 111., M a y 19-13, 1924.
No. 411. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 13-15, 1925.
N o. 429. Thirteenth, Columbus, Ohio, June 7-10, 1926.
Proceedings of Annual Meetings of International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and
Commissions.
*No. 210. Third, Columbus, Ohio, April 25-28,1916.
N o. 248. Fourth, Boston, Mass., August 21-25,1917.
N o. 264. Fifth, Madison, Wis., September 24-27,1918.
*No. 273. Sixth, Toronto, Canada, September 23-26, 1919.
N o. 281. Seventh, San Francisco, Calif., September 20-24,1920.
N o. 304. Eighth, Chicago, 111., September 19-23,1921.
N o. 333. Ninth, Baltimore, M d., October 9-13,1922.
N o. 359. Tenth, St. Paul, M inn., September 24-26,1923.
N o. 385. Eleventh, Halifax, N ova Scotia, August 26-28, 1924.
N o. 395. Index to proceedings, 1914-1924.
N o. 406. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 17-20, 1925.
N o. 432. Thirteenth, Hartford, Conn., September 14-17,1926.
Proceedings of Annual Meetings of International Association of Public Employment Services.
N o. 192. First, Chicago, December 19 and 20,1913; Second’, Indianapolis, September 24 and 25,1914,
Third, Detroit, July 1 and 2,1915.
N o. 220. Fourth, Buffalo, N . Y ., July 20 and 21,1916.
N o. 311. Ninth, Buffalo, N . Y ., September 7-9,1921.
N o. 337. Tenth, Washington, D . C., September 11-13,1922.
N o. 355. Eleventh, Toronto, Canada, September 4-7, 1923.
N o. 400. Twelfth, Chicago, El., M ay 19-23,1924.
N o. 414. Thirteenth, Rochester, N . Y ., September 15-17, 1925.
Productivity of Labor.
N o. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]
N o. 360. Tim e and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes. [1924.]
N o. 407. Labor cost of production and wages and hours in the paper box-board industry, 1925.
No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.
No. 441. Productivity of labor in the glass industry. (In press.)
[n]
Retail Prices and Cost of Living.
*No. 121. Sugar prices, from refiner to consumer. [1913.]
•No. 130. Wheat and flour prices, from farmer to consumer. [1913.]
•No. 154. Butter prices, from producer to consumer. [1914.]
N o. 170. Foreign food prices as affected b y the war. [1915.|
N o. 357. Cost of living in the United States. [1924.]
N o. 369. The use of cost-of-living figures in wage adjustments. [1925.]
N o. 445. Retail prices, 1890 to 1926. (In press.)
Safety Codes.
No. 331. Code of lighting factories, mills, and other work places.
No. 336. Safety code for the protection of industrial workers in foundries.
No. 350. Specifications of laboratory tests for approval of electric headlighting devices for motor
vehicles.
No. 351. Safety code for the construction, care, and use of ladders.
No. 364. Safety code for mechanical power-transmission apparatus.
N o. 375. Safety code for laundry machinery and operation.
No. 378. Safety code for woodworking plants.
No. 382. Code of lighting school buildings.
No. 410. Safety code for paper and pulp mills.
N o. 430. Safety code for power presses and foot and hand presses.
N o. 433. Safety code for prevention of dust explosions.
N o. 436. Safety code for the use, care, and protection of abrasive wheels.
Vocational and Workers * Education.
•No. 159. Short-unit courses for wage earners, and a factory school experiment. [1915.]
•No. 162. Vocational education survey of Richm ond, Va. [1915.]
No. 199. Vocational education survey of Minneapolis, Minn. [1916.]
No. 271. Adult working-class education in Great Britain and the United States. [1920.]
Wages and Hours o f Labor.
•No. 146. Wages and regularity of employment and standardization of piece rates in the dress and
waist industry of New York C ity. [1914.]
•No. 147. Wages and regulaiity of employment in the cloak, suit, and skirt industry. [1914.]
N o. x6l. Wages and hours of labor in the clothing and cigar industries, 1911 to 1913.
N o. 163. Wages and hours of labor in the building and repairing of steam-railroad cars, 1907 to 1913.
•No. 190. Wages and hours of labor in the cotton, woolen, and silk industries, 1907 to 1914.
N o. 204. Street-railway employment in the United States. [1917.]
N o. 225. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber, millwork, and furniture industries, 1915.
N o. 265. Industrial survey in selected industries in the United States, 1919.
N o. 297. Wages and hours of labor in the petroleum industry, 1920.
N o. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]
N o. 358. Wages and hours of labor in the automobile-tire industry, 1923.
N o. 360. Tim e and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes. [1924.]
N o. 365. Wages and hours of labor in the paper and pulp industry, 19*3.
N o. 374. Wages and hours of labor in the boot and shoe industry, 1907 to 1924.
N o. 376. Wages and hours of labor in the hosiery and underwear industry, 1907 to 1924.
N o. 394. Wages and hours of labor in metalliferous mines, 1924.
N o. 407. Labor cost of production, and wages and hours in the paper box-board industry, 1925.
N o. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.
N o. 413. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber industry in the United States, 1925.
N o. 416. Hours and earnings in anthracite and bituminous coal mining, 1922 and 1924.
N o. 421. Wages and hours of labor in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, 1925.
No. 422. Wages and hours of labor in foundries and machine shops, 1925.
No. 431. Union scale of wages and hours of labor, M ay 15,1926.
N o. 435. Wages and hours of labor in the men’s clothing industry, 1911 to 1926.
N o. 438. Wages and hours of labor in the motor-vehicle industry, 1925.
N o. 442. Wages and hours of labor in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1925.
N o. 443. Wages and hours of labor in woolen and worsted goods manufacturing, 1925.
Welfare Work.
•No. 123. Employers’ welfare work. [1913.]
No. 222. Welfare work in British munitions factories. [1917.]
•No. 250. Welfare work for employees in industrial establishments in the United States.
[1919.]
Wholesale Prices.
No. 284. Index numbers of wholesale prices in the United States and foreign countries.
No. 440. Wholesale prices, 1890 to 1926. (In press.)
[1921.]
Women and Children in Industry.
N o. 116. Hours, earnings, and duration of employment of wage-earning women in selected industries
in the District of Columbia. [1913.]
•No. 117. Prohibition of night work of young persons. [1913.]
•No. 118. Ten-hour maximum working-day for women and young persons. [1913.]
•No. 119. Working hours of women in the pea canneries of Wisconsin. [1913.]
•No. 122. Employment of women in power laundries in Milwaukee. [1913.]
N o. 160. Hours, earnings, and conditions of labor of women in Indiana mercantile establishments
and garment factories. [1914.]
•No. 167. Minimum-wage legislation in the United States and foreign countries. [1915.]
•No. 175. Summary of the report on conditions of woman and child wage earners in the United
States. [1915.]
•No. 176. Effect of minimum-wage determinations in Oregon. [1915.]
•No. 180. The boot and shoe industry in Massachusetts as a vocation for women. [1915.]
•No. 182. Unemployment among women in department and other retail stores of Boston, Mass
[1916.]
W omen and Children In Industry—Continued.
N o. 193. Dressmaking as a trade for women in Massachusetts. [1916.]
N o. 215. Industrial experience of trade-school girls in Massachusetts. [1917.]
*No. 217. Effect of workmen’s compensation laws in diminishing the necessity of industrial employ
ment o f women and children. [1918.]
N o. 223. Employment of women and juveniles in Great Britain during the war. [1917.
N o. 253. W omen in lead industries. [1919.]
W orkm en’s Insurance and Compensation (Including laws relating thereto).
*No. 101. Care of tuberculous wage earners in Germany. [1912.]
*No. 102. British national insurance act, 1911.
*No. 103. Sickness and accident insurance law of Switzerland. [1912.]
N o. 107. Law relating to insurance of salaried employees in Germany. [1913.]
*No. 155. Compensation for accidents to employees of the United States. [1914.]
N o. 212. Proceedings of the conference on social insurance called b y the International Association of
Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions, Washington, D . C., December 5-9,1916.
N o. 243. W orkmen's compensation legislation in the United States and foreign countries, 1917 and
1918.
N o. 301. Comparison of workmen’s compensation insurance and administration. [1922.]
N o. 312. National health insurance in Great Britain, 1911 to 1920.
N o. 379. Comparison of workmen's compensation laws of the United States as of January 1, 1925.
No. 423. W orkmen’s compensation legislation of the United States and Canada. [1926.]
Miscellaneous Series.
*No. 174. Subject index of the publications of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics up to
M a y 1,1915.
No. 208. Profit sharing in the United States. [1916.]
N o. 242. Food situation in central Europe, 1917.
No. 254. International labor legislation and the society of nations. [1919.]
No. 268. Historical survey of international action affecting labor. [1920.]
No. 282. Mutual relief associations among Government employees in Washington, D . C. [1921.]
No. 299. Personnel research agencies. A guide to organized research in employment management,
industrial relations, training, and working conditions. [1921.]
No. 319. The Bureau of Labor Statistics: Its history, activities, and organization. 11922.]
N o. 326. Methods of procuring and computing statistical information of the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. [1923.]
No. 342. International Seamen’s Union of America: A study of its history and problems. [1923.
N o. 346. Hum anity in government. [1923.]
N o. 372. Convict labor in 1923.
N o. 386. The cost of American almshouses. [1925.]
No. 398. Growth of legal-aid work in the United States. [1926.]
N o. 401. Family allowances in foreign countries. [1926.]
N o. 420. Handbook of American trade-unions. [1926.]
N o. 439. Handbook of labor statistics, 1924-1926. (In press.)
trv]
@FedFRASER