The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
WAGE INDEXES Long-Term Trend Data For Selected Occupations and Metropolitan Areas, 1907-66 Bulletin No. 1505 ^ " UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard W irtz, Secretary BUREAU UF LABOR STATISTICS Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner WAGE INDEXES Long-Term Trend Data For Selected Occupations and M etropolitan Areas, 1907—66 Bulletin No. 1505 Novem ber 1966 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LADOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary bureau of labor statistics Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 2 0 402 - Price 25 cents P re fa c e T h is bu lletin is an a s s e m b l y o f v a r io u s w a g e and s a l a r y in d e x e s , w ith supporting ch a r ts , c o m p ile d by the B u reau o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s . S om e o f these ind exes w e r e d e r i v e d f r o m data c o lle c t e d b y the B ureau; o th ers w e r e d e v e lo p e d fro m secon dary source m a te ria l. Th e text is intended to be o n ly a s u m m a r y explanation o f the sc op e o f the in d exe s and the m e t h o d o lo g y used in t h e ir c o n stru ctio n , sin ce d e ta ile d ex p os ition s a r e a v a ila b le in the o r i g i n a l s o u r c e s . R e f e r e n c e s to the s o u r c e pu blications a r e contained in the text. The t im e p e r io d c o v e r e d is not the sa m e in the v a r io u s s e r i e s . Each s e r i e s is p r e s e n te d f r o m the in it ia l date o f the c o m p ila t io n of that p a r tic u la r index. Th e e a r l i e s t in d ex e s date f r o m 1907; s o m e b e g in in the 1920’s; and those d e r iv e d f r o m co m m u n ity w a g e s u r v e y s s t a r t in 1952. T h e m a t e r i a l included in this r e p o r t does not exhaust the data on ea rnings c u r r e n t ly in c o r p o r a t e d in the t im e s e r i e s p r e p a r e d and published b y the Bureau. F o r e x a m p le , the tables do not p r o v id e in f o r m a t io n on h o u r ly and w e e k l y ea rn in gs f o r the m a n y m an u factu rin g and nonm anu factu ring in d u s tr ie s and in d u s tr y groups f o r which data a r e c o m p ile d m o n th ly by the D iv is io n o f In d u stry E m p lo y m e n t S ta tis tic s . T h e s e data a r e pu blished m o n th ly in " E m p lo y m e n t and E a r n in g s ” and by month in E m p lo y m e n t and E a rn in g s S ta tis tic s f o r the U nited States, 1909—65 (B L S B u lle tin 1312-3, 1966). The occupations and in d u s tr ie s included in the in d exes a r e not intended to be r e p r e s e n t a t iv e o f a ll w a g e and s a l a r y w o r k e r s ; co n sequ en tly, o v e r a l l trends f o r a ll w o r k e r s cannot be obtained b y co m b in in g the in d e x e s . T o supplem ent the in d e x e s , the b u lletin includes in f o r m a t io n on g e n e r a l w ag e changes in m a j o r c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g situ ations. Indexes o f union w a g e s c a le s and r e la t e d s t a t is t ic a l a n a ly s e s a r e p r e p a r e d in the D iv is io n o f N a tio n a l W a g e and S a la r y In c o m e . Data on o c cu p a tio n a l w a g es in m a c h in e r y m an u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s and occu pa tion al ea rn in g s in s e le c t e d m e t ro p o lita n a r e a s a r e s u m m a r iz e d in in d ex e s c o n stru c te d b y the D iv is io n o f O cc u p a tion a l P a y . Th e D iv is io n o f W a g e E c o n o m ic s m ain ta in s in d exe s o f annual s a la r ie s o f g o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y e e s (inclu d ing F e d e r a l c l a s s i f i e d e m p lo y e e s , pu blic s c h ool t e a c h e r s , p o lic e m e n , and f i r e m e n ) and the s e r i e s on w a g e changes in m a j o r c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g situations. Data used in p r e p a r in g the in d e x e s o f f a c t o r y w o r k e r s ' ea r n in g s a r e c o m p ile d by the D iv is io n o f In d u stry E m p lo y m e n t S t a tis tic s . Th is bu lletin was c o m p ile d in the D iv is io n o f W a ge E c o n o m ic s , L i l y M a r y D a vid, C hief. it i Contents Page Scope and m ethod o f in d ex c o n s tr u c tio n —----------------------------------------------------Union w a g e s c a l e s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------P r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m an ufactu ring, m a j o r m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s ; m ain tenan ce, u n sk illed w o r k e r s , o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , a ll in d u s tr ie s , s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s ------------M a c h in e r y m an ufactu ring p rod u c tio n w o r k e r s ------------------------------------S k illed plant m ain te n an ce and u n sk illed w o r k e r s , o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , and in d u s tr ia l n u rses , in s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s -----G o v e r n m e n t e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------F e d e r a l c l a s s i f i e d e m p l o y e e s -------------------------------------------------------------U rban public s c h ool t e a c h e r s --------------------------------------------------------------P o l i c e m e n and f i r e m e n ----------------------------------------------------------------------F a c t o r y w o r k e r s ' e a r n in g s ----------------------------------------------------------------------A v e r a g e h o u rly e a rn in g s excluding o v e r t i m e and in t e r in d u s tr y shifts -------------------------------------------------------------------------G e n e r a l w a g e c h a n g e s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 1 5 5 8 16 16 19 20 23 23 25 C h arts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. T r e n d s o f union w a g e s c a le s , 1907—65 ---------------------------------------------T r e n d s o f o c cu p a tio n a l w a g e r a t e s , m a c h in e r y m an u factu ring, s e le c t e d p e r io d s , 1945—65 -------------------------------------------------------------P e r c e n t a g e i n c r e a s e in h o u rly o r w e e k ly e a r n in g s in s p e c ifie d plant and o f f i c e occu pa tion s, 1952—65 (a l l in d u s tr ie s , s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s ) -----------------------------------------------------------------------T r e n d s o f annual s a l a r i e s , F e d e r a l C la s s i f i c a t i o n A c t e m p lo y e e s , 1939—65 ----------------------------------------------------------------------T r e n d s o f a v e r a g e annual s a l a r i e s o f public sc h o o l t e a c h e r s , 1925—65, and m a x im u m s a la r y s c a le s o f urban f i r e f i g h t e r s and p o lic e p a t ro lm e n , 1924—65-------------------------------------------------------N e g o t ia t e d w a g e ra te adju stm ents, a ll in d u s tr ie s , 1954—65 --------------- 3 7 15 18 21 27 T a b le s : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Union w a g e s c a le s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------Union w a g e s c a le s in the building t r a d e s ------------------------------------------H o u r ly ea r n in g s : M a c h in e r y m a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------------------H o u r ly e a r n in g s : U n s k ille d plant w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------H o u r ly ea r n in g s : S k ille d m ain tenan ce t r a d e s ----------------------------------W e e k ly ea r n in g s : O f f ic e w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------------------W e e k ly ea r n in g s : In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s -----------------------H o u r ly and w e e k ly e a r n in g s : S e le c t e d oc cu p a tion al grou p s, a ll m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s --------------------------------------------------------------------Annual s a la r ie s of g o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y e e s ---------------------------------------F a c t o r y w o r k e r s ' e a r n in g s ---------------------------------------------------------------A v e r a g e (m ed ian ) g e n e r a l w a g e changes in m a j o r c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g s itu a tio n s ----------------------------------------------------------------------A v e r a g e (m ed ia n ) g e n e r a l w a g e changes, a ll m a n u f a c t u r in g ------------iv 2 4 6 10 11 12 13 14 17 24 26 26 W a g e In d e x e s— Long-Term Trend Data for Selected Occupations and Metropolitan Areas, 1907—66 Scope and M e th od o f Index C o n s tru ctio n Union W a g e S c a le s T h e w a g e s c a le in d exes in table 1 r e p r e s e n t the b a sic h o u r ly r a t e s o f pay r e s u ltin g f r o m c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g . T h e s e r a te s a r e b a s ic (m in im u m ) w a g e s c a le s e x c lu s iv e of h o lid a y , va ca tio n , o r oth er b e n e fit pa ym en ts r e g u l a r l y m ad e o r c r e d it e d to the w o r k e r each pay p e r io d . R a te s in e x c e s s o f the n e g o tia te d m in im u m , w hich m a y be paid f o r s p e c ia l q u a lific a t io n s , o r o th e r r e a s o n s , a r e a ls o excluded. A s o f July 1, 1965, the in d exes w e r e b a sed on union s c a le s in e f f e c t f o r a p p r o x im a t e ly 860,000 jo u r n e y m e n , h e l p e r s , and l a b o r e r s in 33 building c o n stru ctio n c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , 63,000 lo c a l- t r a n s it o p era tin g e m p lo y e e s , 105,000 w o r k e r s in 20 n e w s p a p e r and jo b prin tin g c r a f t s , and 340,000 l o c a l m o t o r t r u c k d r i v e r s and h e l p e r s . 1 Union o f f i c i a l s in 68 c it ie s fu rn ish ed the data f o r the prin tin g tra d e s ; in fo r m a t io n f o r the o th er tra d e s w a s g a t h e r e d f r o m o f f i c i a l s in 67 c i t i e s . Only c it ie s having a population o f 100,000 o r m o r e w e r e c o v e r e d in the s u r v e y s . A l l c it ie s o f 500, 000 o r m o r e , and m o s t c i t i e s in the 250, 000 to 500, 000 ra n g e w e r e included. T h o s e in the 100, 000 to 250, 000 c a t e g o r y r e p r e s e n t a w ide g e o g r a p h ic a l d is p e r s io n . T o co m p e n s a te f o r c it ie s not s u r v e y e d , data f o r s e le c t e d c it ie s w e r e w e ig h te d a c c o r d in g to s e p a r a te g e o g r a p h ic r e g io n s to obtain national ind ustry and occu pa tion al in d exe s. Th e p r o c e d u r e f o r d e r iv in g l o n g - t e r m in d exe s o f union w a g e s c a le s i n v o l v e s c a lcu la tin g a v e r a g e w a g e s c a le s in 2 s u c c e s s iv e y e a r s , com puting the p e r centage change (o r r e l a t i v e ) and applying that p e r c e n t a g e to the p r e v io u s index. A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s c a le s f o r a y e a r a r e com puted by w e ig h tin g the ind ividu a l h o u r ly s c a le by the n u m ber o f union m e m b e r s r e c e i v i n g that s c a le during the y e a r . A c o m p a r a b le a v e r a g e f o r the p r e c e d in g y e a r is obtained by a pplying the c u r r e n t m e m b e r s h ip w eig h ts to the w a g e s c a le s f o r the id e n t ic a l oc cu p a tion al c la s s if ic a t io n s in the f o r m e r p e r io d . Th e y e a r - t o - y e a r p e r c e n ta g e change ( r e l a t iv e ) is c a lc u la te d and a p p lie d to the index f o r the e a r l i e r y e a r to obtain a c u r rent index fig u r e . T h e e s tim a te d ind ex nu m b ers shown in table 2 a r e c o n s t r u c te d in the s a m e m an n er as those f o r the buildin g t r a d e s in tab le 1, but d i f f e r f r o m th em in two im p o rta n t r e s p e c t s : (1) data a r e c o lle c t e d and ind ex nu m b ers a r e com p uted q u a r t e r l y , and (2) the ind ex is com p uted f r o m m o v e m e n t s in b a se r a t e s n e g o tia te d by union lo c a ls r e p r e s e n t in g s e v e n m a j o r t r a d e s . Only union m e m b e r s h i p data r e p o r t e d at the ba se r a t e in July o f each y e a r a r e used as w e ig h ts to e s t im a t e the q u a r t e r l y index. Th e s e v e n c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s f o r w hich ba se r a t e s a r e c o ll e c t e d are: B r i c k l a y e r s , c a r p e n t e r s , e l e c t r i c i a n s , p a in t e r s , p l a s t e r e r s , p lu m b e r s , and building l a b o r e r s . * * For a list of the occupations included in each index, as well as a description of the number of trades and cities included in earlier indexes, see the following Bureau of Labor Statistics bulletins: Union Wages and Hours: Local-Transit Operating Employees, July 1, 1964, and Trend 1929-64 (Bulletin 1431 ); Union Wages and Hours: Building Trades, July 1, 1964, and Trend 1907-64 (Bulletin 1432); Union Wages and Hours: Motortruck Drivers and Helpers, July 1, 1964, and Trend 1936-64 (Bulletin 1433); and Union Wages and Hours: Printing Industry, July 1, 1964, and Trend 1907-64 (Bulletin 1434). 2 Table 1. Union Wage Scales (In d e x e s f o r s e le c t e d t r a d e s in b u ild in g , p r in t in g , l o c a l t r a n s it , and l o c a l t r u c k in g in d u s t r ie s , 1907—6 5 ) (1 9 5 7 -5 9 = 100) Local t r a n s it P r in t in g t r a d e s B u ild in g t r a d e s B o o k and jo b P e r io d Jou r ney m en A ll tra d e s A ll Lab or p r in t ers in g A ll tra d e s N ew sp ap ers P re s s C om pos C om pos A ll a s s i s t B in d e r y M a ile r s ito r s , it o r s , an ts and w o m e n t r a d e s hand hand fe e d e r s M a y 15: 1907 _________________ 1908 _________________ 1qOQ 1 9 1 0 _________________ 1911 _________________ 11. 11. 12. 13. 13. 2 9 5 0 2 11. 12. 13. 13. 14. 8 6 2 8 0 8. 8. 8. 9. 9. 3 7 9 2 3 10. 11. 12. 13. 13. 4 5 3 0 3 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 6 6 6 2 5 8. 9. 10. 10. 10. 9 9 0 2 6 - 13. 9 1 9 1 2 _________________ 1 9 1 3 _________________ 1 9 1 4 _________________ 1 9 1 5 _________________ 1 9 1 6 _________________ 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 5 8 1 3 7 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 3 6 0 1 6 9. 9. 9. 9. 10. 3 6 7 8 1 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 1 4 6 8 9 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 5 8 1 2 4 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. 8 0 4 4 7 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 1 9 1 7 _________________ 1 9 1 8 _________________ 1 9 1 9 _________________ 1920 _________________ 1921 _ ____ ____ 15. 17. 19. 26. 27. 6 3 9 8 3 16. 18. 20. 27. 28. 5 2 8 8 4 11. 12. 14. 21. 21. 2 9 9 7 9 15. 16. 20. 26. 28. 4 7 5 3 8 14. 16. 20. 26. 29. 8 5 3 5 1 15. 16. 20. 26. 30. 0 6 3 7 6 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 _________________ _________________ _________________ ............................ _________________ 25. 28. 30. 31. 33. 6 3 5 7 8 26. 29. 31. 33. 35. 7 5 8 0 2 19. 21. 22. 23. 25. 9 1 8 6 7 29. 29. 31. 31. 32. 1 9 4 9 6 29. 30. 31. 32. 32. 3 5 7 0 7 31. 31. 33. 33. 33. 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ 35. 35. 35. 37. 37. 0 2 6 1 2 36. 35. 37. 38. 38. 4 7 1 7 8 26. 26. 26. 28. 28. 2 5 9 3 1 33. 34. 34. 35. 35. 6 2 7 2 4 33. 34. 34. 35. 35. 6 0 5 1 3 1932 1933 19 34 1935 1936 1937 _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ ---------------------- 31. 30. 31. 31. 32. 34. 8 9 2 5 6 9 33. 32. 32. 32. 34. 36. 2 3 5 9 0 3 24. 22. 23. 23. 25. 27. 0 9 6 7 1 3 35. 33. 33. 35. 35. 37. 2 1 8 0 9 0 34. 33. 33. 34. 35. 36. June 1: 1938 1939 1940 1941 _________________ _________________ _________________ ---------------------- 38. 38. 38. 40. 0 3 9 3 39. 39. 40. 41. 5 7 3 7 30. 30. 30. 32. 1 3 9 4 38. 2 38. 6 39. 1 3 9 .6 J u ly 1: 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 _________________ _________________ _________________ .................. ......... ........................... 42. 43. 43. 44. 49. 8 1 5 4 5 44. 44. 44. 45. 50. 1 3 6 4 3 35. 36. 36. 38. 44. 6 0 4 1 3 41. 3 42. 5 4 3 .6 44. 2 51. 7 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 ........................... _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ 5 6 .6 62. 6 65. 2 68. 0 72. 4 76. 9 5 7 .4 63. 3 66. 0 68. 8 73. 1 77. 5 51. 8 58. 4 6 0 .6 63. 9 68. 2 72. 7 265. 73. 75. 78. 82. 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 _________________ _________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ 80. 83. 86. 90. 95. 99. 9 8 8 8 5 8 81. 3 84. 3 87. 1 91. 0 9 5 .6 99. 9 77. 7 81. 0 84. 5 89. 6 94. 8 9 9 .4 86. 88. 9 1. 93. 96. 100. 4 7 0 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 104. 10 9 . 113. 117. 121. 126. 131. 7 _ _ _ _________________ __ ____________ _________________ _________________ _________________ 105. 7 1 1 0 .6 115. 9 120. 1 124. 4 129. 7 1 3 5 .8 103. 106. 109. 112. 116. 119. 122. 3 3 7 9 2 3 7 1 2 O c t. Jan . NO TE: 0 3 5 7 2 4 104. 108. 112. 117. 121. 125. 130. 5 6 8 1 3 7 7 - _ - 13. 14. 15. 15. 15. 8 5 1 6 9 14. 15. 16. 16. 17. 4 2 0 7 0 8 0 4 4 6 . 11. 0 11. 2 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 2 5 7 8 8 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 12. 14. 18. 25. 27. 2 3 4 2 3 12. 13. 17. 23. 27. 0 3 3 9 8 17. 18. 21. 26. 29. 3 1 9 7 1 1 9 3 1 8 26. 29. 29. 31. 31. 4 6 3 0 3 26. 28. 28. 28. 28. 9 2 6 9 4 29. 29. 31. 32. 32. 34. 34. 35. 35. 36. 4 9 1 9 0 31. 31. 32. 32. 32. 7 9 2 6 8 29. 0 9 0 9 7 6 8 35. 33. 34. 34. 35. 37. 9 8 1 7 8 1 31. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 4 3 4 0 1 7 29. 0 27. 29. 29. 30. 30. 38. 38. 38. 39. 1 3 7 1 38. 38. 39. 39. 3 5 2 8 35. 35. 35. 36. 5 7 9 3 40. 41. 43. 43. 51. 8 9 0 6 2 41. 42. 43. 44. 51. 2 4 8 3 7 38. 39. 40. 41. 49. 1 0 7 4 4 266. 74. 75. 78. 83. 4 6 8 4 2 85. 6 88. 1 90. 7 93. 2 9 6 .6 99. 9 86. 88. 91. 93. 97. 100. 102. 106. 109. 113. 116. 119. 123. _ 7 6 1 3 7 0 5 0 265. 73. 74. 77. 82. 103. 106. 110. 114. 117. 120. 124. H e lp e r s _ - - - _ - _ _ - " - - 4 7 9 0 0 _ - _ _ - _ - - - - - - 18. 19. 23. 28. 30. 5 3 2 2 7 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 4 7 5 1 8 31. 31. 33. 33. 34. 5 8 4 6 4 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 33. 34. 35. 35. 35. 7 5 2 5 6 35. 36. 36. 37. 37. 6 3 9 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 32. 7 33. 0 33. 0 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - 5 3 7 7 2 6 36. 34. 35. 37. 37. 39. 9 4 0 3 9 5 _ 8 3 5 1 6 35. 33. 33. 35. 36. 37. _ 31. 7 32. 4 _ 31. 5 32. 6 32. 9 34. 5 _ _ _ 29. 4 31. 3 _ _ _ 31. 8 _ _ _ _ 28. 5 32. 32. 32. 33. 1 5 7 4 38. 39. 39. 40. 6 1 9 4 40. 40. 41. 42. 3 6 5 0 32. 32. 33. 35. 5 8 8 1 35. 35. 36. 37. 5 7 1 5 32. 33. 33. 35. 4 1 8 2 32. 33. 34. 35. 9 6 3 6 29. 30. 30. 32. 5 2 9 4 5 7 6 1 7 35. 36. 38. 39. 47. 4 5 3 1 5 42. 44. 45. 45. 52. 2 0 0 6 9 43. 45. 46. 47. 53. 8 6 5 1 9 37. 39. 39. 40. 49. 8 4 9 6 4 40. 42. 43. 43. 51. 2 8 1 6 1 37. 39. 40. 41. 46. 7 7 6 5 2 38. 40. 41 . 41. 46. 0 1 0 9 6 35. 37. 38. 39. 44. 2 2 3 2 0 265. 72. 73. 77. 81. 0 1 9 1 4 262. 68. 70. 73. 78. 3 4 7 7 6 267. 75. 76. 80. 83. 0 1 3 1 6 269. 76. 77. 80. 84. 2 2 2 7 2 262. 71. 72. 76. 81. 9 7 9 9 6 157. >63. *66. *69. ! 7 3. *79. 7 5 1 2 8 3 53. 58. 62. 64. 68. 72. 3 0 7 9 6 4 53. 58. 63 . 65. 69 . 72. 8 5 3 4 0 6 5 0 .4 55. 9 60. 2 62. 8 6 6 .4 70. 9 5 7 4 7 1 0 84. 87. 90. 93. 96. 100. 9 5 5 1 5 1 82. 85. 88. 91. 96. 99. 2 6 6 2 2 5 86. 9 89. 5 9 1 .6 93. 9 96. 9 100. 1 87. 89. 91. 94. 97. 100. 3 7 6 0 0 0 85. 88. 90. 93. 96. 100. 1 0 4 0 2 0 81. 85. 87. 91. 94. 100. 1 1 6 1 9 6 78. 81. 86. 90. 95. 100. 1 4 0 2 1 1 78. 81. 86. 90. 95. 100. 3 5 1 3 1 1 76. 80. 85. 89. 95. 100. 5 5 1 8 0 2 8 4 9 3 7 7 8 103. 106. 110. 113. 117. 121. 124. 4 6 5 7 3 3 6 104. 108. 113. 117. 121. 125. 129. 2 6 1 1 3 3 7 103. 1 105. 4 108. 4 1 1 1 .3 114. 4 117. 1 120. 1 102. 105. 107. 110. 113. 117. 119. 9 1 7 8 9 0 9 103. 106. 110. 113. 116. 118. 122. 8 5 1 4 8 1 0 104. 108. 112. 117. 121. 126. 131. 4 4 5 1 5 4 7 104. 109. 113. 117. 123. 127. 132. 8 3 4 8 1 7 2 104. 109. 113. 117. 123. 127. 132. 9 3 4 8 1 7 2 104. 109. 113. 117. 123. 128. 133. 7 3 4 9 6 2 1 _ 5 9 6 0 4 7 4 D r iv e r s - - 29. 29. 29. 29. _ 2 4 6 7 _ 1. 2. D a s h e s in d ic a t e no d a ta o r d a ta th a t do n o t m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a . _ _ - L o c a l tr u c k in g O p era D r iv e r s tin g and em h e lp e r s p lo y e e s " _ - - " _ - _ - _ _ Chart 1. Trends of Union Wage Scales, 1907-65 (1 9 5 7 -5 9 = 1 0 0 ) 1907 1910 Source: T ab le 1. 1915 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 4 Table 2. Union Wage Scales in the Building Trades (I n d e x e s f o r s e le c t e d t r a d e s in th e c o n s t r u c tio n in d u s t r y b y q u a r t e r , 1950—6 6 ) (1 9 5 7 -5 9 = 100) Y e a r an d m o n th 1950: J a n u a r y ----------------------------------------A p r i l -------------------------------------------J Ul y ----------------------------------------------O c t o b e r ----------------------------------------A p r i l -------------------------------------------j ul y ----------------------------------------------- 1952: 1953: 1954: 1955: 1956: 1957: 1958: O c t o b e r ----------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------A p r i l -------------------------------------------J u l y ----------------------------------------------O c t o b e r ----------------------------------------J a n u a r y ----------------------------------------A p r i l ---------------------------------------------J u l y ----------------------------------------------O c t o b e r ----------------------------------------J a n u a r y ----------------------------------------A p r i l -------------------------------------------J u l y ----------------------------------------------O c t o b e r ----------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------A p r i l -------------------------------------------A p r i l ---------------------------------------------O c to b e r ---------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------A p r i l -------------------------------------------J u l y ----------------------------------------------O c t o b e r ---------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------A p r i l -------------------------------------------J u l y ----------------------------------------------O c to b e r ---------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------A p r i l -------------------------------------------J u l y ----------------------------------------------O c t o b e r ---------------------------------------- A ll tr a d e i 66. 0 66 . 2 Y e a r an d m o n th 1959: 68. 0 69. 70. 71. 72. 72. 73. 74. 76. 77. 78. 78. 80. 81. 81. 82. 83. 84. 84. 84. 86. 87. 87. 88. 90. 91. 92. 92. 95. 95. 96. 96. 99. 100. 2 4 0 4 9 6 0 9 9 3 5 9 4 9 1 8 5 7 8 I9 6 0 : 1961: 1962: 1963: 1964: 8 3 8 5 1965: 8 2 1 5 5 7 4 9 8 1 1966: J an u ary — A p r i l ------J u l y --------O c to b e r — Ja n u a ry— A p r i l ------J u l y --------O c to b e r — J an u ary— A p r i l ------J u l y --------O c to b e r — J an u ary — A p r i l ------J u l y --------O c to b e r — J an u ary — A p r i l ------J u l y --------O c to b e r — J an u ary — A p r i l ------J u l y --------O c to b e r — Jan u ary — A p r i l -----J u l y --------O c to b e r — J an u ary— A p r i l -----J u l y --------O c to b e r — A ll tr a d e s 101. 1 101. 104. 105. 105. 105. 109. 109. 4 7 0 6 8 0 5 110. 2 110 . 6 113. 113. 114. 114. 117. 118. 118. 118. 121. 3 7 2 5 5 0 5 9 7 122. 0 122. 122. 126. 126. 127. 127. 131. 131. 5 7 2 5 2 7 4 8 136. 4 5 p r o d u c tio n W o r k e r s in M a c h in e r y M anu facturing, M a j o r M e t r o p o lit a n A r e a s ; M aintenance, U n s k ille d W o r k e r s , O ff ic e C l e r i c a l W o r k e r s , and In d u stria l N u r s e s , A l l I n d u s tr ie s , S e le c t e d M e t r o p o lit a n A r e a s , Data f o r the in d exe s w e r e c o m p ile d by the D iv is io n of O ccu p ation a l P a y f r o m data obtained in the B u r e a u ’ s in d u stry w a g e s u r v e y s and the annual o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s . Th e in f o r m a t io n r e f e r s to s t r a i g h t - t im e a v e r a g e h ou rly e a r n in g s , e x c lu d ing p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts. In ce n tive pay is included as p a rt o f r e g u la r pay, but non production bonuses a r e excluded. W e e k ly e a r n in g s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l and in d u s tr ia l n u rses r e f e r to the s t r a ig h t - t im e s a l a r y c o r r e s p o n d in g to the w o r k e r s ’ n o r m a l w e e k ly w o r k schedule excluding o v e r t i m e . Data w e r e obtained f r o m a sa m p le of es ta b lis h m e n ts by p e r s o n a l v is it , o r , in the ca s e of so m e m a c h in e r y e s ta b lis h m e n ts , by m a i l in a lte rn a t e y e a r s . T o obtain a p p r o p r ia t e a c c u r a c y at m in im u m cost, a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t io n o f l a r g e than s m a ll es ta b lis h m e n ts w as studied. In co m b in in g the data, h o w e v e r , a ll e s t a b lish m en ts w e r e g iv e n t h e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w eig h t. O cc u p ation a l c la s s i f i c a t i o n w as ba sed on a u n ifo r m set o f jo b d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to take into account m in o r in te r es ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia t io n in duties w ithin the sam e job. M a c h in e r y M a nu fa ctu ring P r o d u c tio n W o r k e r s . Th e in d exe s of w a g e tre n d s in the m a c h in e r y in d u stry r e p r e s e n t es ta b lis h m e n ts w ith 20 e m p lo y e e s 2 o r m o r e in 21 m a j o r a r e a s of m a c h in e r y p ro d u c tio n (tab le 3). In 1965, th es e a r e a s accounted f o r n e a r l y t w o - f i f t h s o f the 1.7 m i l l i o n w o r k e r s in the N a t io n ’ s n o n e le c t r ic a l m a c h in e r y m an ufactu ring in d u s tr ie s . Only s e le c t e d occu pation s ch osen f o r t h e ir n u m e r ic a l im p o r t a n c e , t h e i r u sefu ln ess in c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g , o r b e ca u s e they a r e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f the in d u s tria l w ag e s c a le str u c tu r e w e r e studied. O v e r the p e r i o d c o v e r e d by th e s e in d ex e s, t h e r e have been changes in occu pation al and in d u s tr ia l c o v e r a g e . T h e in d exes f o r 1945, 1946, and 1947, a r e based on ’ ’m is c e lla n e o u s m a c h in e r y , " w hich c o n s is ts o f a ll ty p e s o f m a c h in e r y excep t e l e c t r i c a l , and m ach in e t o o ls and a c c e s s o r i e s . In 1949, and s u c c e s s iv e y e a r s , m achine t o o ls and m a c h in e - t o o l a c c e s s o r i e s w e r e added to m i s c e l laneous m a c h in e r y . Th e 1959 and subsequent s u r v e y s w e r e based on a r e v i s e d d e fin it io n of the m a c h in e r y in d u s tr ie s grou p as p r o v id e d in the Standard In d u s t r ia l C l a s s i fic a t io n M a n u a l. A linking p r o c e d u r e w as u sed to m i n i m i z e the e f fe c t on the in d ex of the change in in d u s try d e fin it io n s . T h is w as a c c o m p lis h e d by com puting the p e r c e n t o f change f r o m 1958 to 1959 f o r those es ta b lis h m e n ts inclu d ed in both s u r v e y s , and applying the p e r c e n t a g e change to the 1958 in d ex (co m p u ted w ith r e f e r e n c e to the p r e v io u s d e fin it io n o f the in d u s try ) to obtain the 1959 index. B e f o r e 1952, c o v e r a g e o f m a c h in e - t o o l o p e r a tio n s w as l i m i t e d to c e r t a in typ es o f m a c h in e s. In 1952, the oc cu p a tion a l c o v e r a g e o f the s u r v e y w as i n c r e a s e d to include, w ith m in o r e x c e p tio n s , a ll m a c h in e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s e s A , B, and C. T h e in d ex e s sin ce 1952 have been com p uted on the b a s is o f the b r o a d e r oc cu p a tion al c o v e r a g e . 2 The index also includes establishments with 8 to 19 workers engaged primarily in the manufacture of special dies and tools, die sets, jigs and fixtures, or machine-tool accessories and measuring devices. 6 Table 3. Hourly Earnings: Machinery Manufacturing (In d e x e s o f a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f m e n in s e le c t e d p r o d u c t io n o c c u p a tio n s , s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , 1945—6 5 1 ) (1 9 5 8 -5 9 = 1 0 0 )2 P r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in — S e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s P e r io d 1945: 1946: 1947: 1948: 1949: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: 1955: 1956: 1958: 1959: I9 6 0 : 1961: 1962: 1963: 1964: 1965: J a n u a r y -------- O c t o b e r -----------N o v e m b e r -------N o v e m b e r -------N o v e m b e r -------J a n u a r y -----------J a n u a r y -----------J a n u a r y -----------J a n u a r y -----------J a n u a r y -----------J a n u a r y -----------J a n u a r y -----------J a n u a r y -----------J a n u a r y -----------M a r c h —M a y -----M a r c h —J u n e ---M a r c h —M a y -----M a r c h - M a y -----A p r i l —J u n e ------- Lah ore r s , m a te r ia l h a n d lin g 40. 7 51. 0 55. 1 60. 8 62. 5 67. 4 7 2. 0 77. 1 80. 7 83. 7 86. 7 9 7 .7 102. 3 105. 7 109. 9 112. 5 115. 8 119. 6 122. 0 T o o l and A ll area s d ie m a k e r s com (o t h e r th an b in e d 3 io b b in g ) 48. 56. 61. 65. 66. 70. 73. 77. 82. 85. 89. 98. 102. 105. 109. 112. 115. 119. 122. 4 6 0 3 5 0 5 9 7 1 2 0 0 9 7 7 4 2 4 1945: 1946: 1947: 1948: 1949: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: 1955: J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------------------O c t o b e r ---------------------------------------------------N o v e m b e r -----------------------------------------------N o v e m b e r -----------------------------------------------N o v e m b e r -----------------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------------------- 1958: 1959: I9 6 0 : 1961: 1962: 1963: 1964: 1965: J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------------------J a n u a r y ---------------------------------------------------M a r c h —M a y .---------------------------------------------M a r c h —J u n e --------------------------------------------M a r c h —M a y ---------------------------------------------M a r c h —M a y ---------------------------------------------A p r i l —J u n e ----------------------------------------------- B a lti m ore 45 . 0 53. 8 59. 0 64. 1 65. 1 70. 0 73. 8 78. 7 82. 6 85. 2 89. 3 9 8 .4 101. 6 105. 8 109. 0 112. 1 115. 1 118. 2 121. 1 43. 9 52. 2 57. 5 62. 6 62. 2 66. 2 67. 9 73. 6 76. 8 82. 9 87. 8 97. 0 103. 0 105. 8 110. 4 112. 5 118. 0 121. 5 12 4 s 7 Los A n g e le s Long B ea ch M il w au kee 48 . 7 56. 3 60. 5 64. 3 65. 1 6 9 .9 73. 2 79. 0 81. 8 85. 0 89. 1 98. 7 101. 2 105. 2 1 1 0 .4 1 1 1 .8 115. 2 116. 5 120. 9 41. 52. 57. 62. 62. 67. 73. 78. 81. 84. 88. 98. 101. 105. 109. 112. 115. 118. 119. 4 9 7 6 5 6 4 7 8 3 4 4 6 5 2 5 3 2 7 B o s to n 45. 53. 59. 66. 69. 72. 75. 79. 83. 86. 89. 97. 102. 107. 112. 115. 118. 120. 122. 4 4 4 6 6 6 2 7 7 4 1 7 2 4 1 4 7 4 9 M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l 45. 53. 58. 64. 66. 70. 74. 80. 84. 87. 90. 98. 101. 105. 111. 113. 116. 121. 124. 3 8 7 1 9 3 6 3 4 1 6 7 3 2 4 6 4 2 1 B u ffa lo C h ic a g o C le v e lan d D a lla s 47. 0 57. 5 5 7 .4 64. 7 63. 4 68. 1 72. 5 78. 9 44. 3 53. 7 59. 5 65. 5 65. 3 7 1 .6 74. 4 79. 9 83. 6 86. 6 90. 0 98. 2 101. 8 106. 2 107. 8 111. 1 114. 6 118. 8 121. 4 48. 0 55. 7 6 3 .6 66. 5 67. 1 72. 3 76. 0 79. 6 83. 6 85. 7 9 0 .4 9 8 .9 101. 1 108. 0 110. 3 114. 5 117. 6 120. 5 123. 6 5 1 .4 58. 2 62. 6 67. 0 69. 5 74. 4 76. 8 81. 1 8 5. 9 87. 4 89. 8 98. 3 101. 7 104. 8 108. 0 110. 9 113. 8 1 1 8 .4 1 2 1 .9 P h ila d e lp h ia P itts b u rgh 83. 88. 98. 101. 104. 109. 111. 114. 118. 122. 5 5 6 3 8 0 1 9 6 3 N ew Y ork C ity 46. 7 55. 8 61. 5 66. 0 70. 7 75. 5 76. 7 81. 4 85. 3 88. 6 9 1 .4 99. 3 100. 7 103. 6 107. 8 111. 8 115. 1 118. 6 120. 4 N ew a rk and Je r s e y C ity 4 7 .6 56. 1 59. 7 66. 5 68. 1 7 1 .4 76. 3 81. 0 8 3 .4 85. 9 90. 1 97. 9 102. 1 103. 6 107. 9 111. 1 114. 1 119. 4 1 2 1 .4 44. 7 54. 2 57. 9 63. 8 6 6 .4 70. 1 73. 8 80. 8 85. 0 87. 7 91. 1 9 7 .6 1 0 2 .4 106. 6 110. 0 112. 7 114. 1 116. 8 119. 8 40 . 1 49 . 5 53. 2 60. 1 5 9 .7 67. 6 68. 5 73. 2 78. 7 80. 3 87. 1 97. 3 102. 7 105. 5 108. 5 110. 3 111. 0 112. 3 114. 2 D enver D e tr o it n 80. 7 84. 7 9 8 .9 101. 1 104. 8 108. 2 109. 4 112. 2 115. 1 118. 4 48. 6 55. 3 60. 3 63. 0 64. 4 69. 2 73 , 5 77. 7 8 1 .9 84. 2 88. 7 9 8 .9 101. 1 105. 3 108. 2 1 1 0 .4 113. 0 1 1 5 .4 118. 4 P o rt la n d (O r e g . ) (* ) 85. 6 88. 5 9 8 .4 1 0 1 .6 110. 8 113. 1 117. 0 1 2 0 .4 124. 1 129. 1 St. L o u is 40 . 7 48 . 0 5 6 .9 61. 2 62 . 3 65. 6 69. 9 74 . 3 8 1 .7 84. 9 89. 6 98. 3 101. 7 105. 5 110. 1 115. 7 119. 7 122. 2 126. 0 H a rt fo r d 44. 5 5 2 .8 58. 2 64. 8 63. 7 68. 9 72. 3 78. 6 82. 2 84. 6 88 . 5 9 8 .4 101. 5 106. 3 1 1 1 .3 114. 0 117. 7 122. 3 125. 1 H o u s to n 47. 1 52. 9 58. 8 65. 8 66. 2 70. 4 73. 7 78. 1 8 1 .6 84. 7 89. 2 99. 6 1 0 0 .4 107. 9 107. 6 109. 9 112. 0 1 1 3 .5 116. 0 San F ra n W o rc e s c is c o — te r O a k la n d 4 6 .4 53. 0 57. 6 6 1 .9 62. 3 6 4 .4 70. 5 72. 8 77. 8 80. 0 80. 9 9 5 .9 104. 1 106. 7 1 0 9 .9 112. 6 116. 3 119. 6 126. 0 (4) 84. 8 90. 4 98. 3 101. 6 103. 5 108. 9 1 1 1 .8 115. 9 118. 3 122. 1 1 D a ta f o r th e p e r io d s s h o w n a s J a n u a r y 1951—60 c o v e r v a r io u s m o n th s , g e n e r a l l y w in t e r , o f th e y e a r . 2 M a c h in e r y s u r v e y w a s n o t c o n d u c te d in 1957; b a s e p e r i o d li m i t e d to 2 y e a r s . 3 T h e a l l - a r e a a v e r a g e f o r th e y e a r s 1945 th ro u g h 1953 w a s m a d e up o f th e a r e a s s h o w n and P r o v i d e n c e , S y r a c u s e , A tla n ta , C h a tt a n o o g a , T u l s a , C in c in n a ti, In d ia n a p o lis , and S e a t t le —T a c o m a . 4 D ata f o r 1954 an d e a r l i e r y e a r s w e r e n o t s u f f ic ie n t ly c o m p a r a b le w ith in f o r m a t io n f o r s u b s e q u e n t y e a r s to s h o w h e r e , b u t t h e s e d a ta w e r e in c lu d e d in th e t o t a l f o r a l l a r e a s s tu d ie d . N O TE: D a s h e s in d ic a t e no d a ta o r d a ta th a t d o n o t m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a . Chart 2. Trends of Occupational Wage Rates, Machinery Manufacturing, Selected Periods, 1945-65 (1958-59=100) Source: Table 3. 8 D e fin itio n s f o r p ro d u c tio n and t o o l r o o m m ac h in e t o o l - o p e r a t o r s and t o o l and die m a k e r s w e r e r e v i s e d in I960. In com puting the p e r c e n t of change f r o m 1959 to I960 in a r e a s a ffe c t e d by the changes, the a v e r a g e ea rn in g s u sed in th e s e jo b s , f o r in d ex c o n s tr u c tio n p u r p o s e s , in both y e a r s , w e r e b a sed on e a r n in g s o f w o r k e r s c l a s s i f i e d in a c c o r d a n c e w ith the r e v i s e d d e fin itio n s . In dividu al a r e a in d ex e s, w ith constant a r e a w e ig h t s sin ce 1953, w e r e c o n s tr u c te d in o r d e r to m i n i m i z e the e ffe c t s o f changes in the o c cu p a tio n a l c o m p o s it io n o f the w o r k f o r c e , o r any changes in an a r e a ’ s r e l a t i v e in d u s try i m p o r tan c e. T h e c o m p o s it e in d ex f o r a ll c o m b in ed a r e a s has a ls o been com p uted w ith constant a r e a w e ig h ts sin ce 1953. F r o m 1953 through 1961, the constant w e ig h t s w e r e b a se d on the a v e r a g e e m p lo y m e n t f o r 1953—54; sin ce 1962, the w e ig h t s have been b a sed on the 1960—61 a v e r a g e e m p lo y m e n t. P r i o r to 1953, a r e a in d ex e s w e r e com puted by w e ig h tin g the s e le c t e d jo b e a r n in g s in a 2 - y e a r p e r io d w ith the jo b e m p lo y m e n t r e c o r d e d f o r the secon d y e a r . C o m p o s ite in d exe s w e r e c o m p ile d in the sam e m an n er, but t o t a l a v e r a g e e a rn in g s w e r e w e ig h t e d by t o ta l e m p lo y m e n t f o r the second y e a r in each a r e a . A l l in d ex e s have been c o n v e r t e d to a 1958—59 base by d iv id in g each in d ex by the a v e r a g e o f the in d ex e s f o r 1958—59. 3 S k ille d P la n t M a in ten a n ce and U n s k ille d W o r k e r s , O f f ic e C l e r i c a l W o r k e r s , and In d u s t r ia l N u r s e s , in S e le c t e d M e t r o p o lit a n A r e a s . T h e B u re au o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s conducts annual s u r v e y s o f o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and r e l a t e d p r a c t i c e s in s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s . E a r n in g s data a r e pu blished f o r the fo llo w in g ty p e s of oc cu p a tion s: (a) O ff ic e c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i ca l; (c ) m ain ten an ce and p o w e rp la n t; and (d) cu s to d ia l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t . O f t h e s e occu pa tion s, in d ex e s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l , in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , s k ille d plant m ain ten an ce w o r k e r s , and u n s k ille d w o r k e r s , a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in this r e p o r t . P r i o r to I960, the co m m u n ity w a g e s u r v e y s w e r e l i m i t e d to a p p r o x im a t e ly 17 m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s . In I960, the p r o g r a m w as expanded to 60 a r e a s , and in the fo llo w in g y e a r to 80 a r e a s . T h e s e a r e a s w e r e s e le c t e d to r e p r e s e n t a ll Stand a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a s in the U nited States by c h oosin g one a r e a f r o m a stratu m o f s i m i l a r a r e a s . A l l the a r e a s w e r e c l a s s i f i e d by s iz e , r e g io n , and typ e o f in d u s tr ia l a c t iv it y . P r o b a b i l i t y sa m p lin g w as u sed to ch oose m o s t o f the a r e a s , each a r e a having a chance o f s e le c t io n p r o p o r tio n a t e to its t o ta l n o n a g r icu ltu r a l e m p lo y m e n t. T h e 37 a r e a s that w e r e c e r t a i n of in c lu s io n b e ca u s e o f t h e ir s iz e (as m e a s u r e d by the I960 Census of P o p u la t io n ) o r be ca u s e o f the u n usual nature o f t h e ir in d u s tr ia l c o m p o s itio n , r e p r e s e n t e d t h e m s e l v e s ; each o f the 43 o th er a r e a s w as w e ig h te d by the r a tio o f to ta l n o n a g r ic u ltu r a l e m p lo y m e n t in the stra tu m that it r e p r e s e n t e d to that in the sa m p le a r e a when p r e p a r in g e s t i m a te s f o r a ll a r e a s co m b in ed . Within each a r e a a sa m p le o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts w as taken to obtain f i r m s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f each b r o a d in d u s tr ia l grou p in g i n cluded in the s u r v e y . Data w e r e obtained f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ithin s ix b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : (1) M a n u fa ctu rin g ; (2) tra n s p o r t a t io n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th er public u t ilit ie s ; (3) w h o le s a le t r a d e ; (4) r e t a i l t r a d e ; (5) fin ance, in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s ta te ; and (6) s e le c t e d s e r v i c e s . E x clu d ed f r o m the scope o f the s u r v e y s w e r e the co n s tr u c tio n and e x t r a c t i v e in d u s tr ie s , as w e l l as g o v e r n ment institu tion s. For further detail concerning procedures, see Industry Wage Survey: May 1964 (BLS Bulletin 1429, 1965). Machinery Manufacturing, March— 9 E s ta b lis h m en ts o f a p r e s e l e c t e d s i z e w e r e s u r v e y e d . In 12 o f the l a r g est a r e a s , o n ly e s ta b lis h m en ts w ith 100 e m p lo y e e s o r m o r e w e r e studied in m a n u fa ctu rin g, public u t ilit ie s , and r e t a i l tra d e . In o th er a r e a s and in d u s tr ie s , the l o w e r l i m i t was 50 e m p lo y e e s . S m a l l e r e s ta b lis h m en ts w e r e o m itte d b e c a u s e in these f i r m s r e p r e s e n t a t io n o f the occupations studied tended to be in s u ffic ie n t to w a r r a n t inclusion. O v e r 12, 000 es ta b lis h m en ts e m p lo y in g 8. 4 m i l l i o n w o r k e r s w e r e included in the 1964—65 s u r v e y f r o m an e s tim a te d u n iv e r s e o f m o r e than 66, 000 e s t a b lis h m ents e m p lo y in g about 18.1 m i l l i o n within the sc o p e o f the studies in a ll m e t r o p o lita n a r e a s . T a b le s 4 through 7 p r e s e n t in d exes o f e a rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d occu pation s, in 23 m a j o r m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , f o r w o r k e r s in m an u fa c tu rin g and a ll in d u s tr ie s . Th e ind exes in ta b le 4 r e p r e s e n t h o u r ly ea rn in gs f o r m e n in u n sk illed plant o c c u pations; tab le 5 p r e s e n ts ind exes o f h o u r ly ea rn in g s o f s k ille d plant m ain te n an ce m en; tables 6 and 7, r e s p e c t i v e l y , p r e s e n t w e e k ly ea rn in g s o f m e n and w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , and w e e k ly ea rnings o f m e n and w o m e n n u r s e s .4 T h e s e 23 a r e a s include the 22 l a r g e s t Standard M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a s , and A tla n ta , which was s e le c te d b e ca u s e o f g e o g r a p h ic a l c o n s id e r a t io n s . E x c e p t f o r San D ie g o , a ll a r e a s w ith o v e r 1 m i l l i o n population w e r e included. In com puting the in d ex e s, a v e r a g e w e e k l y s a l a r i e s o r h o u r ly ea rn in g s f o r each o f the s e le c t e d occupations o f an o c cu p a tion al group w e r e m u lt ip lie d b y a constant w eig h t co n sis tin g o f the a v e r a g e o f 1953 and 1954 e m p lo y m e n t. 5 T h e s e w eig h ted ea rn in g s w e r e tota led f o r each oc cu p a tion al group and c o m p a r e d w ith the c o r r e s p o n d in g a g g r e g a t e o f the p r e v io u s y e a r to a r r i v e at the p e r c e n t a g e change in ea rn in g s, which is then a pplied to the p r e v io u s y e a r * s in d ex to a r r i v e at the c u r r e n t y e a r *s index. The use o f constant occu pa tion al e m p lo y m e n t w eig h ts e l i m i nates the e f fe c t s o f changes in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in each job. T a b le 8 p r e s e n ts national and r e g io n a l in d ex e s o f the occupations r e p r e sented in the p r e c e d in g 4 ta b les, spanning the y e a r s I960 to 1965, w ith 1961 as the b a se p e r io d . T h is s e r i e s is a ls o ba sed on 1961 e m p lo y m e n t w e ig h ts . About o n e - th ir d o f the o f f i c e e m p lo y e e s w ithin the sc o p e o f the s u r v e y w e r e e m p lo y e d in occupations r e p r e s e n t e d in the o f f i c e w o r k e r , s index, and n e a r l y h a lf o f a ll in d u s tr ia l n u rses in the U nited States w e r e included in the in d ex e s f o r that occu pa tion al group. Th e s k ille d w o r k e r s included in the index c o m p r i s e eight m ain ten an ce occu pations: C a r p e n t e r s , e le c t r i c i a n s , m a c h in is ts , m e c h a n ic s , m e chanics (a u t o m o t iv e ), p a in t e r s , p i p e f i t t e r s , and t o o l and d ie m a k e r s . T h e un s k ille d c a t e g o r y co n sis ts o f c u sto d ia l w o r k e r s and l a b o r e r s ( m a t e r i a l handling). Changes in the ind ex m e a s u r e , p r i m a r i l y , the e f fe c t s o f (1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and w a g e changes; (2) i n c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e i v e d by in d ivid u a l w o r k e r s w h ile on th e ir s a m e jo b s ; and (3) changes in a v e r a g e w a g es due to changes in the la b o r f o r c e and r e s u lt in g f r o m la b o r t u r n o v e r , f o r c e expansion s, and red u c tion s, as w e l l as changes in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by es ta b lis h m e n ts at d i f f e r e n t l e v e l s o f pay. It should be noted that tren ds in the in d exe s do not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t changes in ea rn in gs am o n g p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s g e n e r a l l y o r in the a r e a c o v e r e d . 6 4 Indexes for office workers and industrial nurses represent women workers through 1959 and men and women thereafter. 5 Indexes from 1960 on are based on 1961 employment weights. 6 For further elaboration on these indexes, see Wages and Related Benefits, Part II: Metropolitan Areas, United States and Regional Summaries, 1963-64 (BLS Bulletin 1385—82, 1965), pp. 71—72. 10 Table 4. Hourly Earnings: Unskilled Plant Workers (in d e x e s o f a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d u n s k ille d p la n t o c c u p a tio n s , a.11 in d u s t r ie s and m a n u fa c tu r in g , s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , 1952—66) (1961 = 100 )__________________ A l l in d u s t r ie s Y ear 1 A t la n t a 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 _____________________ 1966 1967 65. 3 69. 9 74. 0 7 5 .4 85. 7 89- 9 94. 9 95. 8 9 7 .4 100. 0 1 0 6 .4 108. 9 110. 5 115. 6 116. 7 B a lti m ore 63. 4 73. 0 _ 88. 91. 96. 100. 104. 105. 109. 112. 115. 7 0 0 0 2 1 6 4 1 B o s to n B u ffa lo C h ic a g o 68. 8 71. 7 75. 4 77. 2 82. 1 85. 9 92. 0 95. 6 100. 0 102. 8 106. 2 109. 2 110. 6 110. 9 64. 8 70. 0 75. 3 82. 7 92. 7 95. 7 100. 0 102. 3 105. 9 108. 4 112. 3 1 14. 1 68. 7 72. 1 76. 2 78. 9 82. 5 85. 8 90. 0 94. 2 96. 5 100. 0 102. 5 1 0 6.4 109. 2 112. 3 116. 5 C in c in n a ti C le v e la n d 94. 4 100. 0 104. 8 107. 8 111. 1 1 1 3 .9 120. 2 65. 6 6 8 .4 76. 3 85. 3 92. 0 97. 2 100. 0 102. 3 105. 5 108. 5 110. 3 113. 3 D a lla s D e t r o it H o u s to n Kansas C it y . Los A n g e le s Lon g B each 9 0 3 3 3 2 8 69. 8 86. 7 94. 1 100. 0 104. 5 106. 5 108. 6 1 1 1 .4 116. 0 65. 70. 75. 77. 80. 84. 89. 93. 96. 100. 103. 107. 110. 115. 118. 5 7 0 6 3 6 0 6 7 0 2 1 9 7 9 8 0 0 7 0 9 5 68. 1 86. 0 96. 2 100. 0 103. 3 104. 3 107. 2 1 0 8 .4 116. 0 66. 71. 75. 78. 81. 84. 89. 93. 97. 100. 101. 105. 108. 1 13. 112. 7 8 3 0 1 7 3 0 0 0 9 6 4 4 9 72. 75. 77. 81. 84. 89. 95. 97. 100. 102. 105. 110. 113. 1 16. 8 4 9 6 8 9 0 6 0 7 7 3 0 3 9 5 .4 100. 0 101. 8 105. 2 109. 1 109. 6 114. 5 98. 100. 107. 108. 1 14. 1 18. 119. 73. 80. 83. 84. 89. 92. 95. 97. 100. 106. 107. 112. 115. 119. 2 2 3 2 0 9 6 2 0 7 4 9 0 6 95. 5 100. 0 1 0 1 .8 1 0 5 .4 1 0 8 .4 1 0 9 .9 1 1 4.4 97. 100. 108. 109. 1 14. 1 17. 122. P h ila d e lp h ia P itts bu rgh St. L o u is San F ra n c is c o — O a k la n d 64. 7 6 9 .4 72. 5 75. 7 80. 2 83. 9 88. 9 93. 4 97. 7 100. 0 103. 0 105. 9 110. 1 114. 0 118. 3 _ 97. 0 100. 0 103. 3 105. 7 107. 4 108. 9 1 12. 8 66. 8 69. 8 75. 7 77. 9 8 1 .4 89. 0 91. 8 95. 5 100. 0 103. 6 107. 2 109. 6 1 1 2 .4 118. 1 _ _ 96. 2 100. 0 103. 6 107. 1 107. 9 109. 1 113. 8 66. 5 69. 7 74. 9 76. 8 80. 3 _ 88. 3 92. 0 9 6 .4 100. 0 103. 7 107. 3 109. 9 113. 1 117. 6 — M a n u fa c t u r in g 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 I960 _____________________ _____________________ _________ _________ 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 64. 69. 73. 74. 83. 88. 95. 97. 96. 100. 107. 107. 109. 116. 119. 5 9 3 6 1 6 1 0 1 0 6 9 3 5 1 69. 3 71. 7 75. 6 78. 0 81. 9 85. 6 92. 3 95. 6 100. 0 100. 7 102. 9 105. 3 108. 1 109. 8 64. 3 69. 3 74. 7 82. 4 91. 9 96. 1 100. 0 101. 9 105. 0 107. 7 109. 6 112. 0 M il w au kee M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l N ew a rk an d J ersey C it y N ew Y ork 65. 3 71. 8 .75. 1 79. 7 90. 7 94. 2 96. 5 100. 0 102. 4 106. 3 109. 1 110. 6 114. 0 62. 1 67. 1 7 1 .4 74. 9 78. 6 83. 6 87. 9 92. 2 95. 7 100. 0 104. 0 106. 7 110. 9 115. 3 119. 1 64. 6 69. 1 74. 0 77. 0 81. 7 88. 7 93. 2 96. 0 100. 0 101. 9 106. 0 109. 0 1 13. 0 1 13. 8 67. 8 7 1 .0 74. 9 76. 8 80. 6 85. 0 88. 9 92. 6 96. 7 100. 0 103. 8 108. 2 112. 0 117. 7 121. 2 61. 2 71. 6 86. 2 89. 2 94. 4 100. 0 103. 6 105. 9 110. 2 112. 6 115. 9 68. 72. 76. 78. 82. 86. 90. 94. 96. 100. 103. 105. 107. 109. 112. 2 7 2 2 1 1 6 0 8 0 2 8 5 6 3 93. 100. 104. 108. 110. 113. 1 18. 65. 6 69. 1 75. 3 83. 8 89. 7 95. 9 100. 0 102. 2 104. 8 1 0 8 .4 109. 9 113. 0 8 0 8 0 6 5 8 1967 A ll 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 I960 1961 19 62 1963 1964 1965 1966 — P a te r son— C lift o n — P a s s a ic 94. 0 100. 0 103. 7 108. 9 110. 4 113. 5 120. 3 in d u s t r ie s S e a t t le — E v ere tt W a s h in g to n 64. 2 68. 6 72. 8 75. 0 77. 6 81. 9 86. 3 9L 5 95. 4 100. 0 103. 0 107. 6 1 1 1 .4 1 15. 0 1 17. 9 95. 8 100. 0 103. 5 109. 2 115. 0 1 1 8 .4 123. 6 96. 1 100. 0 102. 1 106. 7 110. 9 112. 8 114. 9 64. 69. 72. 75. 77. 81. 86. 92. 95. 100. 102. 106. 111. 1 14. 1 16. _ 96. 9 100. 0 103. 2 106. 9 113. 3 117. 5 125. 2 1967 M a n u fa c t u r in g 64. 9 71. 7 75. 8 81. 4 - 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 91. 94. 96. 100. 102. 106. 110. 112. 115. I960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 4 3 6 0 3 9 5 0 9 65. 2 69. 9 73. 9 77. 5 80. 7 85. 0 88. 5 9 3 .4 96. 5 100. 0 104. 0 106. 1 110. 3 114. 2 117. 7 61. 3 66. 3 71. 4 7 4 .4 79. 6 87. 6 92. 5 95. 7 100. 0 101. 6 105. 0 108. 7 111. 6 113. 4 6 6 .4 69. 0 7 3 .4 76. 1 79. 0 85. 0 89. 6 93. 0 95. 0 100. 0 104. 2 107. 0 109. 9 114. 5 1 1 6.4 94. 100. 104. 107. 109. 112. 118. 9 0 7 1 2 9 6 — 1 Y e a r e n d in g June 30. N O TE : D a s h e s in d ic a t e no d a ta o r d a ta th a t do n o t m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a . 6 4 .4 7 0 .4 72. 7 75. 9 80. 1 83. 7 88. 6 92. 9 98. 2 100. 0 103. 5 105. 7 110. 0 113. 7 117. 5 6 1 0 0 2 9 3 3 7 0 7 5 1 0 1 - 11 Table 5. Hourly Earnings: Skilled Maintenance Trades (In d e x e s o f a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f m e n in s e le c t e d s k ille d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s , a l l in d u s t r ie s and m a n u fa c tu r in g , s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , 1952—66) (1961 = 100)________________ A l l in d u s t r ie s Y ea r1 A tla n ta 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 I9 6 0 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 ______________________ _____________________ _____________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ _____________________ 65. 70. 74. 76. 80. 84. 89. 92. 96. B a lti m ore 7 6 3 5 5 1 2 8 5 88. 7 93. 4 96. 7 100. 0 104. 1 107. 3 111.0 116. 2 120. 4 66. 0 - 76. 3 - B o s to n 67. 7 7 1 .0 74. 8 76. 2 - 65. 5 70. 4 - 75. 1 - C h ic a g o 65. 70. 74. 77. 81. 85. 89. 93. 96. C le v e lan d 65. 3 69. 4 76. 4 9 2 6 1 1 2 6 8 5 95. 1 - - - D a lla s 70. 6 74. 8 77. 6 8 1 .2 84. 3 87. 7 93. 0 97. 1 D e t r o it - . 95. 8 H o u sto n _ _ _ _ _ _ 97. 2 K ansas C ity 68. 7 _ _ _ 85. 7 _ _ 97. 6 Los A n g e le s— Lon g B ea ch 66. 70. 74. 76. 80. 83. 88. 93. 96. 2 3 1 4 7 9 3 1 1 7 0 7 5 84. 1 92. 4 95. 8 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 103. 105. 108. 112. 115. 102. 2 105. 8 109. 1 1 1 1 .7 116. 3 102. 104. 106. 109. 113. 5 5 3 5 7 103. 105. 109. 112. 116. 5 7 3 6 0 101. 6 105. 6 108. 3 102. 106. 109. 110. 114. 104. 7 106. 7 110. 6 115. 7 119. 7 1 0 1 .9 104. 8 107. 7 109. 4 113. 4 104. 106. 108. 110. 116. 104. 6 107. 5 1 1 1 .4 113. 9 119. 5 103. 105. 109. 112. 115. 2 9 2 8 9 65. 8 70. 5 66. 70. 74. 76. 81. 85. 90. 94. 96. 4 4 5 7 2 6 2 3 8 95. 2 97. 0 65. 70. 74. 76. 80. 84. 88. 93. 96. 7 1 2 3 8 0 6 0 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 102. 3 1 0 4 .3 105. 9 109. 0 113. 2 103. 4 105. 4 108. 7 1 1 1 .9 1 1 5 .3 101. 105. 108. 110. 114. 102. 106. 109. 110. 114. 104. 106. 110. 115. 120. 1 0 1 .9 104. 9 107. 7 109. 5 113. 5 103. 104. 106. 108. 113. 105. 107. 111. 113. 119. 102. 8 105. 9 108. 6 1 1 1 .7 114. 0 8 7 3 3 7 82. 87. 91. 95. B u ffa lo C in c in n a ti - 111.1 115. 3 84. 6 90. 6 96. 9 5 0 3 5 2 0 1 2 3 5 M a n u fa c t u r in g 1952 1953 1954 1955 19 56 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 ______________________ ______________________ ________________________ ____________ _____ _ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ _____________________ ________________________ 67. 72. 75. 78. 81. 85. 90. 93. 96. 5 1 6 0 9 1 8 9 8 65. 3 - 76. 2 - 2 4 3 7 - 89. 1 93. 9 96. 9 100. 0 100. 0 103. 106. 109. 114. 118. 103. 105. 107. 111. 114. 5 9 9 9 6 67. 70. 74. 75. 8 0 2 7 9 82. 86. 91. 95. - 75. 2 - 4 9 5 4 100. 0 101. 1 104. 6 107. 8 110. 2 114. 2 84. 3 - 92. 4 95. 9 65. 5 69. 5 _ _ - - 76. 5 - 84. 8 90. 5 - - 3 3 1 5 3 8 3 4 4 2 73. 3 78. 5 8 1 .2 84. 0 87. 5 91. 3 95. 0 99. 0 4 4 5 7 0 _ _ _ _ - _ _ - 95. 7 69. 0 _ _ - 86. 1 - 98. 4 1 5 2 1 1 97. 7 1 7 2 4 0 ______________________ A l l in d u s t r ie s M in n e M ila p o li s— w au k e e St. P a u l 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 64. 4 69. 2 73. 2 N ew a rk . and J ersey C ity 65. 2 70. 3 75. 0 77. 5 8 1 .2 85. 6 89. 1 93. 3 96. 4 89. 7 93. 1 96. 7 67. 6 71. 7 74. 9 78. 6 81. 3 84. 3 87. 9 9 1 .8 95. 7 P h ila d e lp h ia P itts b u rg h St. L o u is 66. 0 69. 4 74. 4 76. 7 8 1 .5 San F ran c is c o — O a k la n d S e a t tle — E v e r ett W a s h in g to n 96. 2 66. 7 70. 0 75. 1 78. 4 8 1 .5 85. 8 90. 2 93. 1 97. 8 __________________________ 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ ________________________ ________________________ 102. 106. 109. 112. 116. 103. 107. ill. 114. 118. 102. 105. 109. 112. 116. 6 7 6 5 0 104. 3 1 0 8 .8 112. 2 116. 1 120. 8 104. 106. 110. 114. 119. 103. 106. 109. 113. 116. 102. 9 103. 6 103. 8 105. 1 1 1 1 .7 103. 106. 109. 112. 115. 103. 2 106. 6 110. 4 1 1 1 .9 117. 4 102. 7 105. 2 103. 5 108. 8 1 1 1 .6 115. 4 123. 2 67. 5 70. 3 74. 2 76. 9 8 1 .3 67. 2 7 1 .0 74. 6 77. 8 80. 3 84. 7 88. 1 92. 2 95. 7 - 78. 1 - 88. 7 92. 1 96. 6 __________________________ __________________________ _______________________ 6 6 5 2 0 5 7 6 8 7 67. 8 70. 4 74. 3 77. 1 8 1 .2 N ew York P a te r son — C lift o n — P a s s a ic - - 1 4 4 1 2 5 4 8 0 9 _ _ _ - 96. 0 _ 89. 6 93. 3 97. 3 7 4 9 9 7 67. 4 7 1 .3 74. 1 75. 9 78. 7 84. 5 89. 5 94. 2 96. 9 _ _ _ - - 97. 6 110. 1 114. 3 118. 4 95. 0 M a n u fa c t u r in g 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 I9 6 0 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 64. 3 68. 7 73. 0 88. 5 92. 2 96. 6 65. 4 71. 6 76. 4 77. 4 8 1 .6 85. 7 89. 6 93. 2 96. 3 ___________________________ 100. 0 100. 0 ________________________ 102. 1 106. 0 108. 6 1 1 1 .3 115. 0 103. 8 107. 2 ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ - ___________________________ ___________________________ 78. 0 - ___________________________ ___________________________ ______ _________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ________________________ ___________ _______________ ________________________ _ 1 Year e n d in g June NO TE: D a s h e s in d ic a t e 111.0 114. 5 117. 7 - 89. 7 92. 9 96. 6 1 0 0 .0 1 0 2 .3 1 0 5 .2 109. 4 112. 1 114. 8 - 96. 4 - 96. 3 66. 5 69. 8 74. 7 76. 8 8 1 .6 - 89. 7 93. 4 97. 6 65. 69. 72. 73. 76. 83. 88. 93. 95. 5 3 1 7 7 3 6 2 2 - 97. 2 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 104. 107. 110. 114. 118. 104. 0 106. 7 1 0 3 .4 106. 5 110. 1 110. 0 114. 0 118. 6 113. 1 117. 0 103. 103. 103. 104. 103. 105. 109. 112. 115. 102. 9 105. 9 110. 2 1 1 1 .5 116. 7 102. 104. 109. 113. 118. 8 7 7 5 7 30. no d ata o r 67. 3 70. 7 75. 8 78. 7 8 1 .8 86. 2 90. 6 93. 5 98. 2 d a ta th at do not m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a . 0 5 3 1 110. 8 6 8 1 0 2 1 4 3 7 3 - 12 Table 6. Weekly Earnings: Office Workers (I n d e x e s o f a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f m e n an d w o m e n in s e le c t e d o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , a l l in d u s t r ie s and m a n u fa c tu r in g , s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , 1952—66) __________ ______________________________________________________________ (1961 = 100 )__________________________________________________________________________ A l l in d u s t r ie s Y ea r1 A tla n t a 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1058 1959 I9 6 0 1061 1062 1063 1964 1965 1966 1967 _ ______________________ .... _ ____ _____ ____ ___________ ______________________ ______________________ 1952 1953 1954 1955 1056 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1063 1964 1965 1966 1967 ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ . 69. 0 72. 8 75. 0 76. 6 8 1 .4 84. 2 88. 9 92. 4 96. 5 100. 0 103. 1 107. 4 110. 5 115. 1 120. 1 ---------------------------- ... ............... ______________________ _ _____ . ____ ______________________ ______________________ B a lti m ore B o s to n B u ffa lo C h ic a g o 8 9 6 0 1 9 7 0 9 67. 9 70. 8 74. 5 76. 6 82. 8 87. 6 92. 2 95. 3 100. 0 103. 9 106. 4 109. 5 112. 5 117. 9 66. 8 73. 0 76. 8 84. 1 93. 8 96. 5 100. 0 102. 2 105. 4 107. 7 110. 7 114. 6 69. 3 73. 2 77. 4 80. 1 83. 7 88. 2 92. 3 95. 1 97. 8 100. 0 103. 2 105. 6 108. 2 1 1 1.1 114. 3 6 6 .4 75. 8 87. 7 92. 4 96. 0 100. 0 101. 6 104. 7 108. 4 110. 0 1 1 1 .6 68. 8 72. 6 75. 8 77. 5 83. 2 88. 3 92. 5 96. 1 100. 0 103. 3 106. 5 109. 6 113. 7 117. 4 65. 4 71. 3 75. 8 83. 2 94. 4 96. 5 100. 0 102. 1 105. 1 106. 8 110. 1 114. 4 68. 6 72. 2 76. 7 79. 3 82. 6 87. 1 9 1 .9 94. 6 97. 0 100. 0 103. 0 105. 6 109. 3 112. 1 114. 7 69. 2 78. 2 89. 92. 96. 100. 103. 105. 109. 114. 117. C in c in n a ti 97. 4 100. 0 103. 6 106. 7 109. 2 112. 3 114. 9 C le v e lan d 65. 3 70. 3 77. 6 85. 8 92. 8 96. 2 100. 0 102. 6 105. 3 1 0 7 .9 1 0 9 .4 1 1 2 .8 D a lla s D e t r o it H o u sto n K ansas C ity _ 72. 76. 79. 83. 87. 91. 94. 97. 100. 103. 105. 108. 112. 115. 0 0 8 0 8 6 7 5 0 3 5 5 5 6 75. 77. 81. 84. 89. 93. 95. 98". 100. 102. 103. 107. 110. 113. 0 5 3 5 2 3 6 5 0 3 6 2 7 6 97. 0 100. 0 102. 5 105. 6 108. 7 1 1 1 .9 115. 1 Los A n g e l e s— Long B ea ch 96. 9 100. 0 102. 3 105. 6 107. 2 109. 9 114. 3 70. 2 86. 7 96. 8 100. 0 104. 0 106. 7 108. 2 110. 2 114. 9 66. 70. 74. 76. 80. 85. 88. 92. 96. 100. 103. 106. 109. 112. 116. 1 8 0 7 3 3 0 2 0 0 3 7 5 7 5 96. 9 100. 0 102. 9 108. 5 109. 0 1 1 1 .3 112. 1 68. 9 84. 9 97. 1 100. 0 103. 7 106. 3 107. 7 109. 2 113. 2 65. 70. 74. 77. 80. 85. 88. 92. 96. 100. 103. 107. 110. 113. 117. 3 8 5 1 5 1 8 8 7 0 4 2 8 7 5 M a n u fa c t u r in g 68. 72. 75. 76. 79. 83. 89. 91. 97: 100. 104. 107. 110. 115. 118. ______________________ .................. ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ . ______________________ ______________________ ____ .... 0 2 0 4 8 8 5 7 1 0 4 6 5 0 9 _ 97. 1 100. 0 103. 3 106. 1 108. 4 110. 7 113. 5 64. 7 69. 5 77. 4 85. 9 93. 6 97. 1 100. 0 102. 4 104. 8 107. 5 108. 0 111. 2 - 96. 3 100. 0 102. 0 105. 5 108. 7 1 1 1 .2 114. 3 A l l in d u s t r ie s M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l M il wau kee 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1057 1958 1959 1060 1061 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ....................... _ ________________________ ________________________ . ________________________ ____________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ ________________________ _______________________ N ew a rk and J e rs e y C ity N ew Y ork 68. 72. 75. 78. 82. 87. 90. 92. 96. 100. 103. 106. 110. 113. 117. 68. 3 72. 7 76. 0 80. 0 90. 9 93. 5 97. 0 1 0 0 .0 102. 3 105. 8 108. 7 1 1 1 .8 113. 6 67. 9 72. 5 77. 1 79. 7 82. 8 88. 0 90. 7 93. 7 96. 7 100. 0 103. 3 106. 3 108. 9 1 1 1 .2 114. 1 67. 0 71. 7 75. 8 78. 8 8 1 .8 89. 7 92. 7 97. 3 100. 0 104. 2 107. 4 109. 3 112. 4 116. 2 65. 8 70. 3 74. 2 79. 2 67. 9 74. 1 78. 4 8 1 .2 83. 9 88. 4 9 1 .0 93. 8 97. 0 100. 0 104. 2 106. 8 108. 7 110. 6 112. 9 67. 2 7 1 .4 75. 7 78. 4 8 1 .4 P a te r son— C lift o n — P a s s a ic 6 4 5 1 7 0 1 8 5 0 6 6 4 7 3 _ _ _ 97. 6 100. 0 103. 9 106. 7 110. 0 113. 5 116. 7 P h ila d e lp h ia 66. 7 69. 7 74. 7 77. 3 79- 9 85. 1 89. 9 93. 5 96. 6 100. 0 103. 1 106. 0 109. 1 1 1 1 .6 114. 8 P itts b u rgh - 95. 8 100. 0 102. 9 104. 4 105. 5 107. 7 110. 8 St. L o u is San F ran c is c o — O a k la n d S e a t t le — E v ere tt 67. 9 72. 2 76. 3 79. 5 82. 8 _ 89. 5 93. 0 97. 1 100. 0 103. 0 105. 7 109. 0 1 1 1 .4 114. 3 68. 72. 75. 77. 81. 85. 89. 93. 96. 100. 103. 106. 109. 113. 116. 7 3 5 8 5 5 2 4 0 0 0 3 6 3 7 97. 5 100. 0 103. 9 107. 5 1 1 1 .2 113. 8 117. 8 65. 0 69. 9 75. 1 77. 0 80. 5 _ 88. 6 92. 3 96. 7 100. 0 103. 5 105. 6 109. 3 1 1 1 .8 115. 3 67. 7 72. 4 75. 7 77. 5 8 1 .7 85. 5 89. 0 93. 6 96. 0 100. 0 102. 6 105. 1 108. 8 112. 4 114. 2 96. 3 100. 0 103. 3 106. 9 1 1 1.1 114. 3 1 1 7 .4 W a s h in g to n _ _ _ 96. 2 100. 0 103. 3 106. 7 110. 3 114. 7 119. 7 M a n u fa c t u r in g 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1959 1060 1961 1062 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 ._ - ____ _ . _______________________ _ _______________________ ... _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ 89. 5 92. 8 96. 1 100. 0 102. 5 106. 0 109. 1 1 1 1 .4 113. 2 - 90. 94. 97. 100. 103. 106. 109. 112. 117. 2 3 2 0 5 6 1 3 1 67. 1 70. 9 74. 5 78. 1 82. 2 87. 0 89. 6 92. 7 96. 6 100. 0 102. 8 106. 0 1 0 9 .9 112. 4 116. 1 - _ 98. 0 100. 0 105. 6 108. 6 1 1 1 .5 115. 0 118. 0 . Year N O TE: e n d in g June D ashes 30. in d ic a te no d a ta o r d a ta th a t do no t m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r it e r ia . 66. 7 70. 2 74. 9 78. 4 80. 5 84. 6 89. 8 93. 6 96. 5 100. 0 103. 2 105. 4 108. 6 1 1 1 .8 114. 9 _ - _ 94. 7 100. 0 103. 1 104. 9 105. 6 105. 1 107. 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 Table 7. Weekly Earnings: Industrial Nurses (I n d e x e s o f a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f m e n and w o m e n in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s , a l l in d u s tr ie s and m a n u fa c tu rin g , s e le c t e d m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , 1952—66) ________________________________________________ (1961 = 100)_________________________________________________ A l l in d u s tr ie s Y ea r1 B a lti m ore A tla n ta 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 19 59 I9 6 0 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65. 69. 72. 75. 82. 85. 90. 94. 99. 100. 104. 107. 113. 118. 122. 3 0 6 8 6 8 5 7 0 0 7 9 2 4 1 66. 3 - 77. 7 88. 1 92. 2 96. 9 100. 0 106. 7 110. 9 112. 4 114. 0 115. 5 B o s to n 67. 70. 75. 76. 7 5 0 2 - 82. 86. 92. 96. 100. 104. 108. 111. 115. 121. 9 9 0 0 0 5 5 4 9 6 B u ffa lo 64. 3 69. 3 - 74. 8 81. 2 - 91. 94. 100. 102. 104. 105. 109. 114. 1 6 0 0 0 9 4 3 C h ic a g o 6 5 .8 69. 4 73. 5 76. 5 81. 1 85. 2 90. 8 93. 9 97. 0 100. 0 103. 0 105. 6 110. 2 113. 2 117. 8 C in c in n a ti C le v e lan d - 61. 5 66. 5 - - 95. 0 100. 0 1 0 1 .0 104. 5 106. 5 110. 6 112. 6 - 74. 5 83. 0 91. 9 - 97. 100. 103. 106. 109. 110. 115. 0 0 0 1 6 6 1 D a lla s 74. 73. 79. 81. 87. 91. 94. 96. 100. 103. 107. 110. no. 117. 2 6 2 4 1 0 4 6 0 4 8 0 o 9 H ou ston K ansas C ity - _ 67. 0 - - - _ - 84. 8 D e t r o it - _ _ 95. 8 100. 0 103. 3 106. 1 109. 4 110. 8 116. 4 - 95. 3 1 0 0 .0 101. 9 103. 7 106. 1 107. 0 111. 7 ! 95. 8 1 0 0 .0 102. 1 106. 3 1 1 1 .5 112. 6 118. 9 Los A n g e le s Long B ea ch ! 67. 7 71. 6 75. 5 77. 4 80. 8 85. 6 89. 9 93. 3 97. 1 1 0 0 .0 103. 8 108. 6 112. 4 117. 2 120. 6 M a n u fa c tu rin g 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19 5 7 ---------------------------1958 1959 I 960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 63. 0 67. 5 - 73. 80. 84. 89 . 93. 98. 10 0 . 106. 109. 112. 117. 5 0 0 68 . 1 ! ! ! j 65. 0 76. 0 - - 0 86. 9 5 5 91. 5 95. 0 10 0 . 0 106. 0 109. 5 1 1 1 .5 112. 5 114. 0 0 0 0 5 5 121. 0 71. 0 76. 1 76. 7 83. 5 86 . 9 92. 6 96. 0 10 0 . 0 104. 108. 110. 117. 0 5 8 0 122. 2 64. 4 68. 8 74. 1 80. 9 90. 7 94. 1 10 0 . 0 101. 5 103. 4 105. 4 108. 8 113. 6 66 . 1 69. 73. 76. 80. 84. 90. 93. 97. 10 0 . 103. 105. 109. 113. 116. 1 1 2 7 8 4 4 0 0 6 6 6 2 7 _ - 94. 9 100. 0 101. 0 104. 1 106. 6 110. 7 113. 8 61. 3 66 . 8 - 74. 9 - 82. 9 92. 4 97. 0 100. 0 103. 0 106. 0 1 0 9 .6 110. 6 115. 1 66. 7 77. 2 74. 9 82. 3 83. 4 89. 7 94. 3 97. 2 98. 9 100. 0 104. 6 108. 6 - _ - - 94. 9 100. 0 102. 3 105. 5 108. 3 109. 2 115. 2 - 93. 8 100. 0 67. 4 82. 4 95. 9 100. 0 100. 9 101. 6 104. 107. 107. 113. 0 1 1 7 no. 9 70. 75. 77. 80. 84. 89. 93. 97. 100. 103. 108. 112. 116. 118. 1 120. 0 S e a t tle — E v ere tt W a sh in g ton 105. 2 110. 4 5 3 2 5 8 5 3 1 0 3 1 4 7 A l l in d u s tr ie s M il w au kee 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 19 5 7 1958 19 59 I9 6 0 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64. 2 67. 9 71. 6 78. 1 89. 3 93. 0 95. 2 10 0 . 0 104. 3 108. 0 1 1 1 .7 113. 3 117. 0 M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l 64. 68 . 75. 78. 81. 85. 88 . 91. 95. 10 0 . 102. 106. 108. 111. 115. 8 6 1 4 1 4 6 9 1 0 7 5 6 4 1 N ew ark and J e rs e y C ity 67. 3 70. 5 74. 2 77. 4 78. 4 88. 9 93. 2 96. 3 10 0 . 0 104. 2 110. 5 113. 6 117. 3 123. 0 N ew Y ork 67. 70. 73. 77. 81. 85. 89 . 92. 95. 10 0 . 104. 107. 110. 113. 119. 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 5 0 5 9 9 9 4 P a te r son— C lift o n — P a s s a ic P h ila d e lp h ia _ 94. 9 10 0 . 0 105. 1 1 1 1 .2 112. 7 116. 2 119. 3 65. 68 . 73. 75. 78. 83. 89. 92. 97. 10 0 . 103. 106. 109. 112. 115. 2 5 3 5 8 7 1 4 3 0 2 5 7 9 5 P itts b u rg h _ 97. 5 10 0 . 0 103. 4 105. 9 106. 9 108. 4 110. 3 St. L o u is 62. 3 66. 5 70. 7 72. 9 77. 7 85. 6 90. 4 94. 7 10 0 . 0 104. 3 106. 9 110 . 1 113. 8 119. 7 San F ra n c is c o — O ak lan d 61. 7 66. 0 68 . 8 73. 2 75. 1 79. 9 85. 1 89. 9 92. 3 10 0 . 0 102. 4 106. 2 109. 1 1 1 1 .5 114. 8 _ 101. 5 10 0 . 0 103. 6 107. 2 111. 9 118. 6 119. 1 _ 95. 6 10 0 . 0 103. 3 106. 1 117. 2 M a n u fa c tu rin g 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 19 5 7 1958 19 59 I9 6 0 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 63. 4 67. 6 71. 3 - 77. 7 - 88. 9 92. 6 95. 2 100. 0 104. 3 108. 0 1 1 1 .7 113. 3 116. 5 65. 69. 75. 79. 81. 85. 89 . 92. 95. 100. 101. 104. 107. 109. 112. 4 2 7 5 1 4 2 5 2 0 6 8 0 1 4 67. 5 70. 1 73. 8 77. 0 78. 0 88. 5 92. 7 95. 8 100. 0 103. 6 1 1 0 . 9 113. 0 116. 2 122. 9 61. 6 65. 4 70. 6 75. 8 79. 6 83. 4 87. 7 91. 9 95. 3 100. 0 103. 8 108. 5 1 1 1 .4 113. 3 119. 6 94. 9 100. 0 105. 1 1 1 1 .6 115. 7 118. 2 120. 7 Y e a r en d in g June 30. N O TE: D a s h e s in d ic a te no d a ta o r d a ta th at do not m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a . 62. 3 65. 4 - 68 . 7 74. 76. 80. 84. 89. 92. 97. 100. 103. 106. 109. 112. 115. 1 2 0 9 8 0 3 0 2 5 1 3 4 - 98. 0 100. 0 103. 9 106. 4 106. 9 108. 4 1 1 1 .3 66 . 5 70. 2 72. 9 77. 7 85. 6 90. 4 94. 7 100. 0 104. 3 106. 9 1 1 0 . 6 114. 9 120. 2 60. 7 65. 4 - 68. 7 73. 74. 80. 85. 90. 92. 100. 102. 106. 1 1 0 . 0 9 - 1 - 3 1 4 0 4 6 - 101. 0 100. 0 103. 5 107. 6 0 1 1 2 112. 3 115. 2 . 1 119. 7 118. 7 - 14 Table 8. Hourly and Weekly E arnings:1 Selected Occupational Groups, All M etropolitan Areas (I n d e x e s o f h o u r ly and w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p s , a l l in d u s tr ie s and m a n u fa c tu r in g , a ll m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , 1 2 U n ite d S ta te s and r e g i o n s , 3 F e b r u a r y o f 1960—66) (F e b r u a r y A ll W e e k ly e a r n in g s in d e x e s P e r i o d and a r e a O f f ic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and wom en) 1961 = 100) in d u s tr ie s nur se s (m e n and w om en) M a n u fa c tu rin g H o u r ly e a r n in g s S k ille d m a n ite n a n c e t ra d e s (m e n ) in d e x e s U n s k ille d p lant w o rk e rs (m e n ) W e e k ly e a r n in g s O f f ic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and w om en) in d e x e s I n d u s tr ia l n u rs e s (m e n and w om en) H o u r ly e a r n in g s S k ille d m a in te n a n c e tr a d e s (m e n ) in d e x e s U n s k ille d p lan t w o rk e rs (m e n ) F e b r u a r y I96 0 U n ite d S t a t e s ------------N o rth e a s t South N o r th C e n tr a l W e s t _________________ 96. 96. 96. 97. 96. 8 5 9 3 4 96. 96. 96. 96. 96. 4 5 4 3 7 96. 96. 96. 95. 96. 5 4 6 5 6 96. 96. 97. 96. 96. 5 6 4 1 5 96. 96. 96. 96. 96. 7 4 6 9 7 103. 103. 103. 103. 103. 3 4 4 1 3 103. 104. 103. 103. 103. 6 0 3 3 6 103. 103. 103. 102. 103. 1 2 4 9 3 103. 103. 104. 102. 103. 2 1 5 8 2 103. 103. 103. 103. 103. 106. 106. 106. 105. 106. 2 3 7 7 8 107. 107. 106. 106. 108. 0 7 6 3 1 105. 105. 106. 105. 106. 9 9 2 7 1 1 0 6.6 106. 8 10b. 9 106. 1 107. 5 109. 2 1 0 9 .4 1 0 9.8 108. 3 110. 0 110. 1 110. 3 109. 1 109. 7 1 1 1.7 108. 108. 108. 108. 110. 8 5 6 7 0 1 1 2 .3 112. 4 113. 4 1 1 1.0 113. 3 112. 8 113. 5 1 1 1.0 1 1 2.0 1 1 5.9 11 5.9 116. 2 117. 5 114. 2 117. 0 117. 118. 115. 116. 119. 96. 96. 96. 96. 96. 4 7 3 1 8 96. 96. 96. 96. 96. 5 5 8 5 3 96. 96. 97. 96. 96. 5 4 1 2 7 2 3 2 1 2 103. 4 103. 8 1 0 3 .2 103. 2 103. 3 102. 103. 103. 102. 102. 9 1 1 8 8 103. 103. 104. 103. 102. 2 2 2 0 6 106. 106. 106. 105. 106. 0 1 2 7 6 106. 107. 106. 106. 108. 8 5 2 1 0 105. 105. 105. 105. 105. 5 5 6 4 6 106. 106. 106. 106. 106. 0 0 4 0 0 110. 0 110. 1 110. 6 109. 3 11 1.0 109. 109. 108. 108. 1 10. 0 0 3 5 5 109. 110. 108. 109. 112. 8 0 8 2 1 108. 107. 107. 108. 109. 2 9 9 2 6 109. 109. 109. 108. 109. 1 1 8 8 9 1 1 1.4 1 1 1 .4 1 1 1 .4 1 1 1.0 1 1 2 .6 113. 2 113. 9 114. 2 11 1.7 115. 0 1 1 1 .6 1 1 1 .6 1 1 1 .8 1 10. 8 113. 7 112. 3 1 1 3 .0 110. 2 1 1 1 .5 1 1 5 .8 110. 5 110. 5 110. 4 110. 4 1 1 1 .6 112. 0 112. 1 1 1 3 .7 1 1 1 .0 113. 8 115. 5 115. 8 115. 7 114. 9 1 1 6.4 116. 8 11 6.9 117. 6 1 1 5.9 118. 3 1 1 5 .0 115. 2 115. 2 1 13. 9 117. 1 116. 118. 114. 115. 119. 114. 114. 114. 114. 1 15. 115. 4 115. 3 1 1 7 .6 1 14. 7 1 1 5 .7 F e b r u a r y 1962 U n ite d S t a t e s ______ __ N o r t h e a s t ______ __ S o u t h ________________ N o r th C e n t r a l _ .. W est F e b r u a r y 1963 U n ite d S t a t e s ___ ___ N o r t h e a s t ____ South N o r th C e n tr a l W e s t _______ ________ F e b r u a r y 1964 U n ite d S t a t e s ___ ___ N o r t h e a s t ________ South - .......... N o r th C e n t r a l W e st F e b r u a r y 1965 U n ite d S ta te s __________ N o r th e a s t S o u t h ________________ N o r th C e n t r a l _ W est F e b r u a r y 1966 U n ite d S ta te s ____ ___ N o r th e a s t S o u t h ________________ N o r th C e n t r a l _____ W est 2 2 1 2 6 7 0 3 6 5 5 8 3 4 0 1 E a r n in g s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s r e la t e to r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r ie s th at a r e p a id f o r s ta n d a rd w o r k w e e k s . E a r n in g s o f s k ille d m a in te n a n c e and u n s k ille d p lan t w o r k e r s r e la t e to h o u r ly e a r n in g s e x c lu d in g p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts . 2 D ata f o r th e F e b r u a r y 1964, 1965, and 1966 in d e x e s r e la t e to a l l 212 S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a s in th e U n ite d S ta te s as e s ta b lis h e d b y th e B u re a u o f the B u d ge t th ro u g h 1961. D ata f o r e a r l i e r in d e x e s r e la t e to 188 a r e a s a s e s t a b lis h e d th ro u g h 1959. D ata f o r the 188 a r e a s e x c lu d e A la s k a and H a w a ii. 3 T h e r e g io n s a r e d e fin e d as f o llo w s : N o r t h e a s t — C o n n e c tic u t, M a in e , M a s s a c h u s e tts , N e w H a m p s h ir e , N e w J e r s e y , N e w Y o r k , P e n n s y lv a n ia , R h o d e Is la n d , and V e r m o n t; South— A la b a m a , A r k a n s a s , D e la w a r e , D is t r ic t o f C o lu m b ia , F l o r i d a , G e o r g ia , K e n tu c k y , L o u is ia n a , M a r y la n d , M is s i s s i p p i , N o r th C a r o lin a , O k la h o m a , South C a r o lin a , T e n n e s s e e , T e x a s , V ir g in ia , and W e s t V ir g in ia ; N o r th C e n tr a l-— I l l i n o i s , In d ia n a , Io w a , K a n s a s , M ic h ig a n , M in n e s o ta , M is s o u r i, N e b r a s k a , N o r th D a k o ta , O h io , South D a k o ta , and W is c o n s in ; and W e s t— A la s k a , A r i z o n a , C a l i f o r n ia , C o lo r a d o , H a w a ii, Id a h o , M o n ta n a , N e v a d a , N e w M e x ic o , O r e g o n , U ta h , W a s h in g to n , and W y o m in g . C hart 3. Percentage Increase in H ourly or W eekly Earnings in Specified Plant and O ffice Occupations, 1 9 5 2 -6 5 (All Industries, Selected M etropolitan Areas) Percent Source: Percent Based on T a b le s 3*6. 16 G o v e r n m e n t E m p lo y e e s Th e t h r e e groups of g o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y e e s f o r w hich ind exes o f s a la r y changes a r e p r e s e n t e d account, t o g e t h e r , f o r a p p r o x im a t e ly 1 m illio n w o rk ers , o r rou gh ly 17 p e r c e n t o f a ll n o n m ilit a r y g o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y e e s in the U nited States in July 1963. Included a r e 1.1 m i l l i o n e m p lo y e e s w h ose s a l a r i e s a r e set by the F e d e r a l C la s s i f i c a t i o n A c t ; about 360,000 public s c h ool t e a c h e r s , 7 and 200,000 p o lic e m e n and fi r e m e n , both in c it ie s of 100,000 inhabitants o r m o r e . T h e in d exes f o r the t h r e e groups of w o r k e r s d i f f e r by s o u r c e f r o m each oth er and f r o m o th er in d exes in this r e p o r t . T h e b a s ic in f o r m a t io n on pay of F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y e e s is c o m p ile d by the United States C i v i l S e r v i c e C o m m is s io n ; that on urban public sch ool t e a c h e r s , is c o l l e c t e d by the N a tio n a l Education A s s o c ia t io n ; that on p o lic e m e n and f i r e m e n is obtained f r o m the F r a t e r n a l O r d e r of P o l i c e m e n and the In tern a tio n a l A s s o c i a t i o n of F i r e f i g h t e r s , resp ectively . 8 F e d e r a l C l a s s i f i e d E m p l o y e e s . T h e F e d e r a l e m p lo y e e s c o v e r e d by the in d exe s p r e s e n te d h e r e a r e the p e r annum w o r k e r s w h ose s a l a r i e s a r e subject to the F e d e r a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a c ts . T h e s e w o r k e r s a r e en ga g ed m a in ly in c l e r i c a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , and p r o f e s s i o n a l functions, but s u b p r o fe s s io n a ls who w o r k d i r e c t l y w ith e m p lo y e e s in p r o f e s s i o n a l and p r o t e c t iv e jo b s a r e a ls o included. E x clu d ed a r e (1) m e m b e r s of the A r m e d F o r c e s ; (2) c l e r i c a l - m e c h a n i c a l h ou rly e m p lo y e e s of the B ureau o f E n g r a v in g and P r in t in g and oth er b l u e - c o l l a r w o r k e r s w hose w a g e s a r e fix e d by w a g e b o a rd action; (3) p o s ta l e m p lo y e e s ; and (4) p e r d ie m e m p lo y e e s who w e r e c o v e r e d by the C l a s s i f i c a t i o n A c t of 1923 but a r e not sub j e c t to the c u r r e n t act. A w o r k e r under the F e d e r a l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n A c t is c l a s s i f i e d into one of a s e r i e s of s a la r y g r a d e s in a c c o rd a n c e w ith his duties. Each s a la r y g r a d e has a m in im u m r a te and a s e r i e s of additional pa y steps into w hich w o r k e r s , who m e e t c e r t a in standards of p e r f o r m a n c e , m a y m o v e a ft e r s p e c if ie d p e r io d s o f t im e . T h r e e ty p e s of in d exe s a r e p r e s e n te d f o r F e d e r a l c l a s s i f i e d e m p lo y e e s : B a s ic s a la r y s c a le s , w hich r e f l e c t statu tory changes in b a s ic s a l a r i e s ; a v e r a g e s a la r y r a t e s , w hich r e f l e c t m e r i t o r in - g r a d e i n c r e a s e s as w e l l as sta tu to ry changes; and a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s , which m e a s u r e the e ffe c t , not only of statu tory changes and i n - g r a d e in c r e a s e s , but a lso changes in the d is tr ib u tio n of e m p lo y e e s among pay g r a d e s . P r i o r to 1955, t h e r e w e r e two schedules under the C l a s s i f i c a t i o n A c t — a g e n e r a l schedule and a c r a f t s , p r o t e c t iv e , and cu s to d ia l schedule. S ep a ra te in d exes w e r e c o m p ile d f o r each. In July 1955, the w a g e schedule f o r the la t t e r group w as abolished , and t w o - t h ir d s o f the e m p lo y e e s under it w e r e t r a n s f e r r e d 7 The proportion of these teachers in the various city-size groups studied was as follows: 48 percent in the cities with 500, 000 population or more; 24 percent in cities with 250, 000 to 500, 000;' and 28 percent in cities with 100, 000 to 250,000. 8 The pertinent references for firemen and policemen include: The International Association of Firefighters (AFL—CIO): Fire Department Salaries and Working Conditions in the United States and Canada. Washington, D. C ., annual; the Fraternal Order of Police, A Survey of Salaries and Working Conditions of the Police Department in the United States, Philadelphia, annual; also see data published annually by the International City Managers Association, in the Municipal Yearbook. 17 Table 9. Annual Salaries of Government Employees (In d e x e s o f an n u al s a l a r i e s o f c it y p u b lic s c h o o l t e a c h e r s , m a x im u m s a l a r y s c a le s o f u r b a n f i r e f i g h t e r s and p o l i c e p a t r o lm e n , and s a l a r i e s o f F e d e r a l c l a s s i f i e d e m p lo y e e s , 1924—65) (1 9 5 7 -5 9 = 100) Y ear 1 19 24 ----------------------19 25 ---------------------------1927-------------------------19 29 -------------------------1 9 31 ---------------------------19 32 -----------------------1933--------------------------------------19 34 1 9 35- ------------------- 19 37 - ---------------------19 38 ----------- ---- ------19 39 -------------------------1940---------------- 1 9 4 1 -------------1 9 4 2 - ------------ -----------19 43 ---------------------------19 44 ------- - -----19 45 - ---------------------19 46 ---------------------------19 47 ---------------------1 9 48 — --------19 49 -------- -----------19 50 --------------------- 1951-------------------------19 52 - ------- — ----19 53 — - ------19 54 - ---------------- - 1955---------------1956------- ----------1957------------------ - — 1 9 58- — ------------- 19 59 -------------------------I 9 6 0 -------------1961— -----------19 62 ------------------1963 -----------------1964 ------------ ------1965---------------------------- C it y p u b lic sch oo l te a c h e rs T e a c h e r s in c it ie s o f — A ll 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 te a c h 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 and le s s ers2 or th a n m ore 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 37 38 40 41 _ 38 . 37 39 _ 41 42 _ 44 48 55 67 71 81 87 96 104 46 _ 47 48 50 58 68 72 82 87 98 103 106 113 113 114 121 119 122 128 125 130 - 40 40 42 45 _ 43 _ 41 43 _ - - 33 35 37 37 _ 34 _ 33 35 _ 37 _ 38 _ 40 45 51 65 70 79 86 95 - - U rb an fir e f ig h t e r s and p o lic e p a tr o l m en 3 38 _ _ 42 _ 43 _ 42 _ _ 45 45 45 45 46 47 49 52 53 57 61 66 68 72 77 82 85 87 91 96 101 104 108 113 118 123 128 134 F e d e r a l c la s s i f i e d e m p lo y e e s M in im u m and a v e r a g e s a l a r y r a t e s in s e le c t e d g e n e r a l s c h e d u le g r a d e s A l l e m p lo y e e s A vera ge B a s ic s a la r y s a la r y r a te 4 s c a le s 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52. 3 _ _ 52. 69. 69. 76. 76. 79. 87. 87. 87. 87. 93. 93. 93. 103. 103. 111. 111. 111. 117. 5127. 61 32. A verage s a la r y 4 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49. 5 _ _ - 40. 4 _ _ _ 4 0 0 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 7 7 7 2 2 1 1 1 3 5 1 49. 5 64. 8 66. 0 73. 9 74. 2 78. 1 84. 8 84. 9 85. 7 86. 4 93. 2 93. 1 93. 2 103. 5 103. 2 5111. 0 5110. 8 51 10. 7 51 1 7. 0 512 4 .6 6129. 1 55. 0 58. 2 64. 8 65. 7 70. 6 75. 8 77. 4 79. 4 81. 0 88. 2 89. 2 91. 1 103. 5 105. 4 1 1 5 .4 116. 8 51 18. 2 51 27. 8 513 8 . 9 6143. 9 G rad e 2 M in i m um _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45. 6 _ _ _ 44 . 0 _ _ _ - - 45. 61. 61. 72. 72. 77. 87. 87. 87. 87. 93. 93. 93. 103. 103. 110. 1 10. 110. 1 12. 511 6. 120. M in i m um _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ G r a d e 15 G rad e 7 G rad e 4 A ver age A ver age _ _ _ _ _ 46. 7 _ _ _ 53. 9 _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A ver age _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51. 1 _ _ _ 4 9 .4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ M in i m um - 6 53. 9 4 9 .4 5 9 .5 65. 7 61. 9 70. 4 66. 6 9 65. 7 60. 6 63. 2 70. 4 68. 3 9 3 72. 0 75. 8 71. 1 74. 8 77. 2 3 7 1 .4 74. 8 7 2 .4 77. 2 76. 0 78. 5 6 77. 6 77. 9 78. 9 79. 2 84. 5 85. 0 1 87. 2 87. 1 84. 9 85. 2 85. 0 85. 0 1 87. 2 87. 1 85. 7 85. 8 87. 1 1 86. 3 87. 2 8 6 .4 1 87. 2 87. 2 86. 6 87. 1 9 3 .5 8 94. 1 93. 8 93. 7 93. 7 8 93. 2 93. 8 9 3 .4 93. 7 93. 8 9 3 .4 93. 7 93. 8 8 93. 2 93. 8 1 103. 3 103. 1 103. 2 103. 1 103. 3 1 103. 5 103. 1 103. 4 103. 1 102. 9 9 111. 1 110. 9 1 1 1 .4 110. 9 111. 3 9 110. 8 110. 9 1 1 1 .4 110. 9 111. 2 9 109. 6 110. 9 11 1.1 no. 9 1 1 1.1 8 113. 6 112. 9 116. 9 114. 7 116. 2 6 511 7. 9 512 3 .0 S127. 1 512 5 .3 5125. 1 8 122. 1 127. 4 1 3 1 .7 129. 8 129. 6 M in i m um A ver age _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 64. 6 65. 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ 64. 6 80. 6 76. 7 80. 6 76. 7 83. 2 79. 3 83. 2 79. 3 84. 8 81. 2 86. 3 87. 2 85. 8 87. 2 87. 2 85. 9 87. 2 86. 0 93. 8 9 2 .4 9 2 .5 93. 8 93. 8 92. 9 103. 1 103. 8 103. 1 103. 4 110. 9 110. 9 110. 9 110. 6 110. 9 110. 2 117. 6 1 2 0 .4 5132. 9 5136. 3 141. 2 1 3 7 .7 1 F o r t e a c h e r s , p e r i o d c o v e r e d is s c h o o l y e a r e n d in g 1925, 1926, e t c . ; f o r f i r e f i g h t e r s and p a t r o lm e n , th e p e r io d c o v e r e d b y th e d a ta f o r 1924—38 v a r i e s f r o m y e a r to y e a r ; s u b s e q u e n t y e a r s f o r f i r e f i g h t e r s r e f e r to J a n u a r y ; f o r p o lic e p a t r o lm e n to e it h e r J a n u a r y o f th e y e a r s h o w n o r to D e c e m b e r o f th e y e a r p r e c e d in g th at f o r w h ic h th e d a ta a r e sh o w n . T h e p e r io d f o r F e d e r a l c l a s s i f i e d e m p lo y e e s is a p p r o x im a t e ly m id y e a r . 2 C i t i e s o f 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 p o p u la t io n and o v e r in 1963; 5 0 ,0 0 0 and o v e r b e f o r e 1963. 3 C i t i e s o f 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 p o p u la t io n and o v e r . 4 B a s ic s a l a r y s c a le s r e f l e c t o n ly s t a t u t o r y c h a n g e s in s a l a r i e s ; a v e r a g e s a l a r y r a t e s m e a s u r e th e e f f e c t o f s t a t u t o r y c h a n g e s and m e r i t o r i n - g r a d e s a l a r y i n c r e a s e s ; a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s m e a s u r e th e e f f e c t o f s t a t u t o r y c h a n g e s , i n - g r a d e i n c r e a s e s , an d c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r t io n o f e m p lo y e e s in th e v a r io u s g r a d e s . 5 R e v is e d . 6 O c t. 1965. N O TE: D a s h e s in d ic a t e n o d a ta o r d a ta th a t d o n o t m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a , Chart 4. Trends of Annual Salaries, Federal Classification Act Employees, 1939-65 (195 7-59 = 10 0) IN D EX Source: Table 9. INDEX 19 to w a g e -b o a rd ju r is d ic t io n s ; t h e ir p a y sin ce that t im e has be en d e t e r m in e d by v a r i ous w ag e b o a r d s . A d ju stm e n t o f the g e n e r a l schedule in d exes f o r 1955 to include the r e m a in in g 35, 000 f o r m e r C P C (C r a ft , P r o t e c t i v e and C u s to d ia l) w o r k e r s a f fe c t e d the g e n e r a l schedule in d exes only s lig h t ly . Until 1963, the e f f e c t of changes in occu pation al o r g r a d e s tr u c tu r e on the a v e r a g e s a l a r y r a te in d exes w as m i n i m i z e d by a linking p r o c e d u r e . A v e r a g e s f o r each g r a d e w e r e com puted f o r each p e r i o d by w eig h tin g each p a y step w ithin the g r a d e by the nu m ber of p e o p le e m p lo y e d at that step in the g r a d e . * N e x t, an a v e r a g e f o r a ll g r a d e s co m b in ed was com puted f o r each y e a r ; the in d ivid u a l g r a d e a v e r a g e s f o r each p a i r o f s u c c e s s i v e y e a r s w e r e m u lt ip lie d by the n u m ber o f p e o p le in the g r a d e in the l a t e r y e a r . F in a lly , the p e r c e n t a g e r e la tio n s h ip b e tw ee n the o v e r a l l a v e r a g e s f o r each p a i r of y e a r s w as com puted and linked to the index f o r the p r e c e d in g p e r io d . Th is p r o c e d u r e shows the e f f e c t of i n - g r a d e r a is e s and any changes in b a s ic p a y s t r u c tu r e that m a y h a ve o c c u r r e d , but m i n i m i z e s the e f f e c t o f shifts am ong g r a d e s . In computing the a v e r a g e s a l a r y in d e x e s , which r e f l e c t the e f f e c t o f e m p lo y m e n t shifts among g r a d e s , each s a l a r y r a te (including a ll i n - g r a d e s t e p s ) was m u lt ip lie d by the nu m ber of p e o p le at that rate in each p e r i o d to p ro d u c e an o v e r a ll a v e r a g e f o r the p e r io d . Th is a v e r a g e was then d iv id e d by the o v e r a l l a v e r a g e f o r the b a s e p e r i o d to a r r i v e at an in dex. F e d e r a l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n A c t e m p lo y e e s stationed in A la s k a and H a w a ii w e r e included f o r the f i r s t t im e in the I960 in d ex e s. Since the d is tr ib u tio n of e m p lo y m e n t at the v a r io u s g r a d e s w as changed lit t le by the addition of a to ta l o f 15, 676 w o r k e r s in A la s k a and H a w a ii, the I960 ind ex of a v e r a g e s a l a r y ra tes w as in c r e a s e d only 0. 1 p e r c e n t by t h e ir in c lu s ion . Shifts in the d is tr ib u tio n of e m p lo y m e n t by g r a d e sin ce 1939 n e c e s s it a t e d so m e m o d if ic a t io n o f p r o c e d u r e s u sed in c o m p ilin g the in d ex o f b a s ic s a la r y s c a le s . Th e in d exe s f o r July 1963 and July 1964 w e r e b a s e d on m in im u m r a tes in each g r a d e , w e ig h t e d by the n u m ber of e m p lo y e e s in the g r a d e in the l a t e r of the two p e r io d s c o m p a r e d . 1 90 Th e o r i g i n a l m ethod o f com putation w i l l be u sed in fu ture index con stru ction . B eg in n in g w ith the 1963 index, m o r e o v e r , it was d e cid ed to use constant e m p lo y m e n t w e ig h ts by g r a d e and step f o r the in d e x e s . The w eig h ts w i l l r e p r e s e n t the d is tr ib u tio n o f e m p lo y m e n t as o f July 1963. U rban P u b lic School T e a c h e r s . Th e b a s ic unit used in co n stru c tin g the in d exe s f o r sc h o o l t e a c h e r s , shown in tab le 9, is the a v e r a g e annual s a la r y f o r a s p e c ific t e a c h e r in an urban sc h o o l s y s te m . H igh school, ju n io r high, e l e m e n t a r y , k in d e r g a r t e n and, p r i o r to 1959, te a c h e r s o f a ty p ic a l e le m e n t a r y s c h ool c la s s a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in the in d e x e s . N o n c l a s s r o o m o f f i c i a l s , such as p r i n c i p a ls, a d m in is t r a t o r s , and s u p e r v is o r s a r e excluded. The in d exes a r e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of a ll c it ie s of 50, 000 popu lation p r i o r to 1963 and o f a ll c it ie s o f 100, 000 beginning in that y e a r ; but the in d exes a r e not b a se d on data f o r a ll these c it ie s . S ta tistics w e r e not a v a ila b le f o r so m e c it ie s in the 100, 000—250, 000 grou p . In addition, the n u m ber o f co m m u n itie s of 50, 000250, 000 m a d e it n e c e s s a r y to use in f o r m a t io n f o r only s o m e of th es e c it ie s in 9 Longevity steps are treated in the same manner as regular pay steps in the computation of average salary rate indexes. 10 Additional information is provided in Salarv Trends: Federal Classified Employees, 1939-64 (BLS Bul letin 1444, 1965). 20 o r d e r to r ed u c e the w o r k lo a d . When data f o r a g iv e n c i t y - s i z e group w e r e co m b in ed w ith o th er s i z e g rou p s, they w e r e w e ig h te d to r e p r e s e n t the m i s s i n g c it ie s ; thus, each population group had its a p p r o p r ia t e in flu en ce on the to ta ls . B e c a u s e of changes in population, the c it ie s c l a s s i f i e d in each s i z e group change f r o m d eca de to d e ca d e . It w as d e c id e d to e lim in a t e r e p r e s e n t a t io n of c it ie s in the 50, 000—100, 000 group b e c a u s e the I960 Census o f P o p u la tio n su b s ta n tia lly changed the c it ie s c l a s s i f i e d in this s iz e group . T h e m eth od o f index co n stru c tion w as d e s ig n e d to m i n i m i z e the e f f e c t on the in d ex e s o f changes in population and in the nu m b er o f d i f f e r e n t typ es o f t e a c h e r s f r o m one p e r io d to a n o t h e r . 11 It co n s is ts of computing a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s f o r a grou p o f c it ie s , f o r each p a ir of s u c c e s s i v e y e a r s , by f i r s t m u lt ip ly in g the in d ivid u a l c it y a v e r a g e in the f i r s t y e a r by the n u m ber of t e a c h e r s in the c it y in the secon d of the 2 y e a r s , adding the r e s u ltin g p ro d u c ts f o r each c ity , and d i v i d ing the sum b y the to ta l n u m ber o f te a c h e r s in the secon d y e a r . Th is p r o c e d u r e is fo llo w e d f o r the sa m e c it ie s in the second y e a r , using a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s and e m p lo y m e n t in the la t t e r y e a r . Ratios o f the secon d y e a r c o m p o s it e a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s to the f i r s t y e a r a r e then com puted and c o n v e r t e d to ind ex n u m b ers b y m u lt ip lic a t io n w ith the ind ex nu m ber of the p r e c e d in g y e a r . P o l i c e m e n and F i r e m e n . M u n ic ip a l e m p lo y e e s p e r f o r m i n g functions o th er than educational, constitute a substantial p r o p o r t io n o f a l l f u l l - t i m e g o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y e e s . In c it ie s w ith a population o f 100, 000 o r m o r e , the w o r k e r s en ga ged in p o l i c e and fi r e f i g h t i n g functions c o m p r i s e about 23 p e r c e n t o f to ta l m u n ic ip a l e m p lo y m ent. T h e in d exes f o r th es e e m p lo y e e s , p r e s e n t e d in tab le 9, a r e b a s e d on m a x im u m annual s a l a r y s c a le s (exclu ding lo n g e v it y i n c r e a s e s ) in c it ie s of 100, 000 o r m o r e , f o r the p o s t - 1938 p e r io d , and on the a v e r a g e of s a l a r i e s a c t u a lly pa id p r i o r to that p e r io d . The f o r m in w hich the data a r e a v a ila b le d ic ta ted the type of m e a s u r e u tiliz e d . H o w e v e r , these two m e a s u r e s ( a v e r a g e and m a x im u m s c a l e s ) a r e p r o b a b ly c l o s e l y r e la t e d b e c a u s e of the r e l a t i v e l y b r i e f t im e r e q u ir e d to q u a l i f y f o r the m a x im u m r a te in m an y m e t r o p o lit a n c o m m u n it ie s . It is p o s s ib le that in s o m e p e r i o d s , notably during W o r ld W a r II, changes in a v e r a g e s of r a t e s m a y have d i f f e r e d s ig n if ic a n t ly f r o m changes in m a x im u m s a l a r y s c a le s b e c a u s e o f changes in both the r a te o f t u r n o v e r and the r a te o f a d va n c em en t to the m a x im u m s a la r y ra te. A c o m p a r is o n of changes in m a x im u m ra te s of p o lic e m e n and f i r e m e n w ith changes in a v e r a g e r a te s f o r those p e r io d s f o r w hich both typ es of i n f o r m a tion w e r e a v a ila b le in d ica te s that m o v e m e n t s o f the two typ es of m e a s u r e s g e n e r a lly w e r e c l o s e l y p a r a l l e l . A n y e f f e c t on the in d exe s o f the sh ift f r o m use of a v e r a g e s a l a r y ra te s to data on m a x im u m pay s c a le s has been e lim in a t e d by linking the s e r i e s f o r 1924—38 and the subsequent s e r i e s . Th e pa y p e r io d c o v e r e d b y the data f o r 1924 through 1938 v a r i e d f r o m y e a r to y e a r . Subsequent data f o r p o lic e m e n r e f e r to the f i r s t of the y e a r o r , in s o m e c a s e s , to the la s t o f the y e a r p r e c e d in g that f o r which in f o r m a t io n is shown; those f o r f i r e m e n r e f e r to January 1 of each y e a r . 1 11 1965), p. 34. This procedure is explained in Salary Trends; City Public School Teachers, 1925—63 (BLS Bulletin 1448, 21 22 T h e in d exes of p o l i c e m e n 's s a l a r i e s a r e b a s e d on m a x im u m s a l a r y s c a le s (exclu ding lo n g e v it y r a t e s ) f o r p o lic e m e n en ga g ed in g e n e r a l p o l i c e duties in the p r e v e n t io n of c r i m e o r in law e n fo r c e m e n t , p a t r o lm e n a s s ig n e d to s p e c i f i c a r e a s , those en ga g ed in t r a f f i c c o n tr o l and those m aking c r im in a l in v e s t ig a t io n s . Chauf fe u r s , p o lic e w o m e n , and d e t e c t iv e s w e r e exclu ded . Th e s a l a r y data p e r ta in in g to f i r e m e n w e r e l im it e d to f i r e f i g h t e r s , and ex clu d ed d r i v e r s and e n g in e e r s . A l l in fo r m a t io n r e f e r s to annual s a l a r y r a t e s , r a t h e r than to a ctual e a r n ings w hich m a y be in flu en ced b y a b s e n c e s , p r o m o t io n s , and oth e r f a c t o r s . No a ttem pt has b e en m ad e to adjust the ind exes to r e f l e c t the e f f e c t on h o u r ly e a r n ings of the r ed u c tion in hours that has o c c u r r e d sin ce 1924. T w o m ethod s of in dex co n stru c tion h a ve b e en used o v e r the t im e span of the s e r i e s . The p r e s e n t m eth od in v o lv e s a com putation o f a v e r a g e m a x im u m s a l a r y s c a le s f o r a ll c it ie s co m b in ed in each o f 2 s u c c e s s iv e y e a r s , using the nu m ber of p o lic e m e n and f i r e m e n e m p lo y e d in the la t t e r y e a r to w e ig h t in d ivid u a l city a v e r a g e s . Only those c it ie s r e p o r t in g in both y e a r s a r e includ ed in the c o m putation. The p e r c e n t a g e change b e tw e e n th es e a v e r a g e s is d e r i v e d and a p p lie d to the p r e c e d in g y e a r ' s index fi g u r e to obtain the la te s t fi g u r e . P r i o r to the com putation of the index f o r 1951, constant (1949) w eig h ts w e r e used in com bining c it ie s in o r d e r to e lim in a t e the e f f e c t of changes in r e l a t iv e im p o r t a n c e in t e r m s of e m p lo y m e n t f r o m y e a r to y e a r . F r o m the 1950—51 in d exes to the p r e s e n t, the use of the linking m eth od has m i n i m i z e d the e f f e c t o f this e m p lo y m e n t shift and has fa c ilit a t e d index c o n stru c tio n d e s p ite changes in the c it ie s included o v e r the p e r i o d of the s e r i e s . 12 12 For additional explanation and analyses of the indexes presented here, see Salary Trends: Policemen, 1924—64 (BLS Bulletin 1445, 1965). Firemen and 23 F a c t o r y W o r k e r s 1 E a rn in g s A d e ta ile d d is c u s s io n of the m e th o d o lo g y , co n cepts, and c o v e r a g e of the e a r n in g s s e r i e s in tab le 10 is contained in a r e p o r t on M e a s u r e m e n t of E m p l o y m en t, Hou rs and E a r n in g s in N o n a g r ic u lt u r a l In d u stries ( r e v i s e d July 1966), which is a v a ila b le on r e q u e s t. A m o r e li m i t e d d is c u s s io n is p r o v id e d in the " T e c h n i c a l N o t e " of E m p lo y m e n t and E a r n in g s S t a t is t ic s f o r the U nited S tates, 1909—64 , B L S B u lle tin 1312-2, pa g es 655—659. F o r an explanation o f the e f f e c t s of the 1961 r e v i s i o n o f the ea rn in g s s e r i e s , see " T h e 1961 R e v i s i o n of the B L S P a y r o l l E m p lo ym e n t S ta tis tic s , " M onth ly L a b o r R e v i e w , January 1962, p a g es 59—62. T h is la te s t r e v i s i o n is d is c u s s e d in D o r o th y Hinton, " B L S E s ta b lis h m e n t E m p lo y m e n t E s tim a te s R e v i s e d to M a r c h 1963 B e n c h m a r k L e v e l s , " E m p lo y m e n t and E a r n i n g s , D e c e m b e r 1964, pa ges i i i to v i. A v e r a g e H o u r ly E a rn in g s Exclu ding O v e r t i m e and In t e r in d u s t r y S h ifts . T h e s e ind exes a r e c o m p ile d by a ss ig n in g constant w e ig h ts to the e a rn in g s f ig u r e s exclu ding p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t i m e f o r each ind ustry. E x cep t f o r a r e l a t i v e l y s m a ll num ber o f in d u stry groups in w h ich t h e r e a r e s e v e r a l im p o rta n t in d u s tr ie s to w hich s e p a r a te constant w e ig h ts have been a ssig n e d , the in d ex e s exclu de the e f fe c t s of shifts am ong 2 -d ig it SIC group s, but a r e a ffe c t e d by any shifts among in d u s tr ie s w ithin th e s e g rou p s. Th e in d exes f o r months p r i o r to January 1961 w e r e c o m p ile d by using the ea rn in g s s e r i e s based on the 1945 Standard In d u s tr ia l C la s s i f i c a t i o n and a v e r a g e 1954 prod u ctio n m a n -h o u rs ; the only in d u s try groups w ith in w hich constant w eig h ts w e r e a s s ig n e d to exclu de the e f fe c t s on ea rn in g s of in t e r in d u s tr y shifts w e r e tr a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent and e l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y . Within th ese two in d u stry group s, m a n -h o u rs w e r e held constant f o r each 3 -d ig it SIC c l a s s if ic a t io n . Be ginning in January 1961, the w e ig h ts used w e r e a v e r a g e 1958—59 p ro d u c tio n m a n hours, and shifts in e m p lo y m e n t and m a n -h o u rs among in d u s tr ie s w e r e r e m o v e d in fo u r in d ustry g rou p s: P r i m a r y m e t a ls , t ra n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent, food, and a p p a r e l. Within each o f th es e fo u r in d u stry grou p s, m a n -h o u rs w e r e held c o n stant f o r each 3 -d ig it SIC c la s s if ic a t io n . T o f o r m a continuous s e r i e s , the in d ex f o r January 1961, d e r i v e d f r o m the new ea rn in g s data and new w e ig h ts , w as linked to the in d e x f o r the sa m e month com puted on the p r e v io u s b a s is . It w as d e c id e d not to r e c o m p u te the s e r i e s f o r e a r l i e r y e a r s , since te s t s m ade f o r January 1958 in d ica te that use o f the new w eig h ts and r e v i s e d ea rn in g s s e r i e s would have changed the in d ex by only 0. 15 o f 1 in d ex point. 24 Table 10. Factory Workers'Earnings (I n d e x e s o f s e le c t e d m e a s u r e s o f w e e k ly an d h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f f a c t o r y w o r k e r s , 1 9 3 9 -6 5 ) (1 9 5 7 -5 9 = 100) A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s G r o s s a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s Year A c tu a l R eal G ross E x c lu d in g o v e r tim e I 939 -------------------------------------- 28. 1 58. 1 29. 6 30. 6 1940 -------------------------------------1941 -------------------------------------- 2 9 .6 60. 68 . 76. 84. 88. 83. 75. 75. 75. 77. 30. 34. 40. 45. 47. 47. 50. 57. 62. 65. 9 2 1 1 7 9 7 4 n 33. 38. 43. 45. 46. 50. 57. 62. 65. 67. 73. 77. 82. 84. 87. 92. 96. 99. 103. 9 106. 109. 112. 116 . 119. 123. 6 1942 -------------------------------------1943 -------------------------------------19 4 4 -------------------------------------1945 1946 1947 1948 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19 4 9 -------------------------------------- 1950 1951 1952 1953 35. 43. 51. 54. 52. 51. 58. 63. 64. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------— ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69. 75. 79. 83. 83. 89. 93. 96. 98. 104. I 960 -------------------------------------1 9 6 1 -------------------------------------19 6 2 -------------------------------------1963 -------------------------------------1964 -------------------------------------1965 -------------------------------------19 6 6 -------------------------------------- 106. 109. 114. 118. 122. 127. 19 5 4 19 5 5 1956 19 5 7 1958 19 5 9 N o t a v a ila b le . 0 6 2 3 5 5 4 1 0 3 2 8 7 7 9 6 9 2 8 6 7 7 3 8 7 82. 83. 86. 89. 89. 96. 98. 98. 97. 103. 103. 105. 108. no. 113. 116. 7 2 8 9 6 7 7 1 3 1 7 1 3 8 4 4 8 9 5 3 4 3 8 9 6 2 6 0 6 8 1 0 7 0 7 5 3 4 7 0 8 2 7 7 0 5 3 5 6 9 4 67. 73. 77. 82. 84. 87. 92. 97. 10 0 . 103. 8 106. 109. 112. 115. 118. 12 1. 9 6 7 6 0 4 3 2 1 0 3 5 6 9 9 E x c lu d in g o v e r tim e an d i n t e r in d u s tr y s h ifts 32. 2 (| ) ( ) ( ) n (M ( ) C) 57. 8 63. 2 66. 1 68 . 73. 77. 81. 84. 86. 91. 96. 10 0 . 103. 2 6 106. 109. 112. 115. 118. 12 1. 6 6 4 6 3 9 5 2 2 5 3 2 3 0 25 G e n e r a l W a g e Changes T a b le 11 s u m m a r i z e s in fo r m a t io n on g e n e r a l w a g e changes n e g o tia te d f o r p ro d u c tio n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s by unions with in d ividu a l e m p l o y e r s , groups o f e m p l o y e r s , o r a s s o c ia tio n s . It in cludes in fo r m a t io n on a g r e e m e n t s that apply to in d ividu a l es ta b lis h m e n ts w ith 1,000 w o r k e r s o r m o r e , and those c o v e r in g s e v e r a l plants o r f i r m s that t o g e t h e r e m p lo y m o r e than 1,000 w o r k e r s under c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g , but that in d iv id u a lly m a y be s m a l l e r . Th e in fo r m a t io n in this ta b le is based l a r g e l y on n e w s p a p e r r e p o r t s , and oth er s e c o n d a r y s o u r c e s , o r on union a g r e e m e n t s on f i l e w ith the B u reau o f L a b o r S t a tis tic s . The data s u m m a r iz e d in table 12 a r e l im it e d to union and nonunion m an ufactu ring es ta b lis h m en ts that as a m a t t e r o f p o l i c y adjust w o r k e r s ' b a s ic rates through g e n e r a l w a g e changes. This table includes the m a j o r m an u factu rin g situations f o r which data a r e shown in table 11, as w e l l as nonunion and s m a l l union situations. Th e in fo r m a t io n f o r nonunion and s m a ll union situations is c o l le c t e d in a sem iann ual s a m p le s u r v e y and co m b in ed w ith the in f o r m a t io n f o r m a j o r situations to d e r i v e an a ll-m a n u fa c t u r in g a v e r a g e . G e n e r a l w a g e changes a r e de fin e d as a dju stm ents— i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s — -that a ffe c t 10 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f the p ro d u c tio n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by a c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t at any one t im e . C o st-o f-liv in g i n c r e a s e s a r e in clu d ed, but m e r i t and autom atic l e n g t h - o f - s e r v i c e i n c r e a s e s a r e exclu ded. A d ju s tm e n ts include situations w h e r e w ag es w e r e not changed o r w e r e in c r e a s e d o r d e c r e a s e d ; i n c r e a s e s include only those situations w h e r e w a g e r a tes w e r e in c r e a s e d . In both t a b le s , the g e n e r a l w a g e changes shown r e p r e s e n t the a v e r a g e f o r a ll w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by a c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t o r e m p lo y e d in a nonunion es ta b lis h m en t. T o obtain the " c e n t s " and " p e r c e n t " adjustm ents and in c r e a s e s , g e n e r a l w a g e changes w e r e c o n v e r t e d f r o m cents an hour into p e r c e n ta g e s , o r f r o m p e r c e n t a g e s into cents, by using e s tim a te d a v e r a g e h o u r ly ea rn in g s exclu ding p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e . 26 Table 11. Average (Median) General W a ge Changes in Major Collective Bargaining Situations (W a g e c h a n g e s n e g o tia te d in e a c h y e a r , A l l in d u s t r ie s Y ear M e d ia n a d ju s tm e n t C e n ts 1954 ---------------------------1955 ---------------------------1956 ---------------------------19 5 7 ---------------------------1958 1959 I 960 1961 19 6 2 1963 1964 1965 19 6 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------( f i r s t 6 m o n th s ) 1— 1 5. 10 . 10. 10 . 8. 8. 8. 6. 7. 7. 9. 10 . 12. 6 1 . 7 - 1 6 8 5 9 0 4 0 0 0 C en ts 5. 10. 10. 10. 8. 8. 8. 7. 8, 8. 9. 10 . 12. - - 3. 3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. M a n u fa c t u r in g M e d ia n in c r e a s e P ercen t 9 2 8 9 0 2 9 8 1954—6 6 ) M e d ia n a d ju s tm e n t P ercen t 7 3 7 4 C e n ts 5. 9. 10. 9. 7. 7. 8. 6. 5. 6. 6. 10 . 10 . - 8 8 3. 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 4. 3. 7 0 0 5 0 1 0 9 2 9 6 4 3 0 8 P ercen t 6 - 4 7 9 1 3 7 - 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 2. 4. 3. 0 0 8 0 0 0 5 2 4 4 5 0 0 9 S e le c t e d n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s t r ie s M e d ia n :i n c r e a s e C e n ts 5. 9. 10. 10. 7. 7. 8. 6. 6. 8. 6. 10 . 10 . M e d ia n a d ju s tm e n t P ercen t 7 5 7 4 2 4 9 5 C e n ts 5. 13. 10. 10. 9. 8. 7. 9. 10 . 8. 10 . 11. 12. _ - 3. 3. 2. 2. 3. 2. 4. 3. 8 0 0 0 0 7 2 5 9 0 2 1 9 Table 12. 3. 13. 10 . 10. 9. 8. 7. 10 . 10 . 9. 10 . 11. 12. . _ _ _ 4. 0 3. 3 3. 6 4. 0 3. 4 3. 6 3. 8 3. 8 3 5 4 7 8 4 0 2 5 0 0 5 P ercen t 6 9 6 _ _ _ _ 4. 0 3. 3 3. 6 4. 1 3. 5 3. 6 3. 8 3. 8 4 8 9 5 0 2 5 0 0 5 A ll m anu f a c t u r in g P er C e n ts cent 19 59 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 6. 0 5. 4 6. 5 5. 5 - 3. 5 3. 2 2. 5 2. 5 2. 7 2. 1 - in c lu d e o n ly th o s e s it u 1959—65) M e d ia n ad j u s tm e n t Y ear in c r e a s e s Average (Median) General W age Changes, A ll Manufacturing (G e n e r a l w a g e a d ju s tm e n ts in u n ion and no n u n ion e s t a b lis h m e n t s , A l l un ion C en ts P er cent M e d ia n in c r e a s e M a jo r u n ion P er C en ts cent . - - 5. 8 6. 0 7. 0 5. 5 - 2. 7 2. 6 2. 6 2. 2 - - 6. 6. 7. 5. 10. 2. 2. 2. 2. 4. C en ts . - 9 5 5 5 0 N on u n ion 7 6 7 0 0 P er cent . - - 2. 0 3. 0 6. 0 4. 6 - 1. 0 1. 6 2. 8 2. 0 - A ll m anu f a c t u r in g P er C e n ts cen t . - 7. 7. 7. 7. - 0 1 8 0 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. - 8 6 0 0 1 7 M a jo r u n ion P er cen t A l l u n ion C en ts . P er cen t - 0 5 9 9 - 3. 3. 3. 2. - C en ts . _ - 7. 7. 7. 6. N O T E : A d ju s tm e n ts in c lu d e s itu a tio n s w h e r e w a g e s w e r e no t c h a n g e d o r w e r e in c r e a s e d o r d e c r e a s e d ; a tio n s w h e r e w a g e s w e r e in c r e a s e d . D a s h e s in d ic a t e no d a ta o r d a ta th at do n o t m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a . C e n ts 6 P r e lim in a r y . N O T E : A d ju s t m e n t s in c lu d e s itu a tio n s w h e r e w a g e s w e r e not c h a n ge d o r w e r e in c r e a s e d o r d e c r e a s e d ; a tio n s w h e r e w a g e s w e r e in c r e a s e d . D a s h e s in d ic a te no d a ta o r d a ta th at d o no t m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a . I9 6 0 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 M e d ia n i n c r e a s e P ercen t _ - 0 0 0 6 8. 8. 9. 7. 10. in c r e a s e s - 0 0 0 0 0 3. 3. 3. 2. 4. 0 0 2 6 1 in c lu d e N o n u n io n C en ts P er cent _ _ 7. 0 6. 6 7. 5 7. 0 3. 3 3. 2 3. 7 3. 2 - - o n ly th o s e s it u C hart 6. Negotiated W age-Rate Adjustments,17All Industries, 1 9 5 4 -6 5 Percent Percent ☆ U, S. G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G O F F IC E : 1966 O - 233-799 ^ Average negotiated w a g e - ra t e a d ju s tm e n ts effective within 12 months in m a jo r collective bargaining situations. These are m e d ia n a d ju s tm e n ts , including no wage changes, d e c reases in wages, and increases in wages, but e xcluding cost of fringe benefits. M edians are c o m p u te d by distributing all workers affected by a s e ttle m e n t according to the average wage rate provided by the settlement. 27 E stim ated. 1/ P relim ina ry . Note: P ercen t of average hourly earnings, adjusted to exclude the e ffect of p re m iu m pay for overtim e work. 10 •4 BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS REGIONAL OFFICES
@FedFRASER