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Wage Chronology:
International Shoe Co., the
Shoe Workers, and the
Boot and Shoe Workers
1945-78
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1979
Bulletin 2010







Wage Chronology:
International Shoe Co., the
Shoe Workers, and the
Boot and Shoe Workers
1945-78
U.S. Department of Labor
Ray Marshall, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
July 1979
Bulletin 2010




For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D .C . 20402
Stock Number 029-001-02368-5




Preface

This bulletin is one of a series prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics that traces
changes in wage scales and related benefits negotiated by individual employers or combina­
tions of employers with a union or group of unions. Benefits unilaterally introduced by an
employer generally are included. The information is obtained largely from collective
bargaining agreements and related documents voluntarily filed with the Bureau. Descrip­
tions of the course of collective bargaining are derived from the news media and confirmed
and supplemented by the parties to the agreement. Wage chronologies, dealing only with
selected features of collective bargaining or wage determination, are intended primarily as a
tool for research, analysis, and wage administration. References to job security, grievance
procedure, methods of piece-rate adjustment, and similar matters are omitted. For a detailed
explanation of the purpose and scope of the chronology program, see “Wage Chronologies
and Salary Trend Reports,” BLS Handbook o f Methods, Bulletin 1910 (Bureau of Labor
Statistics, 1976), chapter 22.
This chronology summarizes the changes in wage rates and supplementary compensation
practices negotiated by the International Shoe Co., a division of Interco, Inc., with the
United Shoe Workers of America and the Boot and Shoe Workers’ Union since the first
master contracts were signed in 1945.
This bulletin replaces Wage Chronology: International Shoe Co., 1945-74, published as BLS
Bulletin 1718 and incorporates the contract changes negotiated in 1972, 1974, and 1976,
which brings the chronology up to date through September 30, 1978. The analysis for the
1976-78 period was prepared by Joan D. Borum of the Division of Trends in Employee
Compensation.
Material in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced without the
permission of the Federal Government. Please credit the Bureau of Labor Statistics and cite
Wage Chronology: International Shoe Co., the Shoe Workers, and the Boot and Shoe Workers,
1945-78, Bulletin 2010.




iii

Contents

Page

Introduction...........................................................................................................................................................

1

Summary of contract negotiations.......................................................................................................................
December 1945—September 1952 ...............................................................................................................
October 1952—October 1953 .......................................................................................................................
October 1953—September 1958.................................................................................................................
October 1958—September 1962.................................................................................................................
October 1962—September 1964.................................................................................................................
October 1964—September 1966.................................................................................................................
October 1966—September 1968.................................................................................................................
October 1968—September 1970.................................................................................................................
October 1970—September 1972.................................................................................................................
September 1972—September 1974...............................................................................................................
October 1974—September 1976.................................................................................................................
October 1976—September 1978.................................................................................................................

2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
5

Tables:
1. General wage changes..............................................................................................................................
2. Minimum hourly rates for dayworkers and pieceworkers, 1945-76....................................................
3. Supplementary compensation practices..................................................................................................
Guaranteed minimum earnings forworkers learning higher rated jo b s ....................................
Overtime p a y ..........................................................................................................................................
Premium pay for Saturday andSunday work........................................................................................
Holiday p a y ............................................................................................................................................
Paid vacations........................................................................................................................................
Reporting tim e........................................................................................................................................
Downtime................................................................................................................................................
Jury and election service.......................................................................................................................
Machine repair allowance.....................................................................................................................
Technological change p a y .....................................................................................................................
Group insurance....................................................................................................................................
Pension p lan ............................................................................................................................................
Bereavement p a y ....................................................................................................................................
Severance pay..........................................................................................................................................

6
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
13
14
15

Appendix: Wage progression schedules for selected jobs

16




IV

............................................................................

Introduction

The International Shoe Co. was incorporated in
Delaware on March 16, 1921, succeeding a Missouri
corporation of the same name which was organized
December 28, 1911. On March 2, 1966, the company
adopted its present name, Interco, Inc., and Interna­
tional Shoe Co. was made a division thereof.
International Shoe currently operates as one of four
divisions under the Footwear Manufacturing and
Retailing Group of Interco, Inc. Interco is a major
manufacturer and wholesaler of footwear and apparel,
operating 30 footwear and 62 apparel manufacturing
plants and 6 footwear and 13 apparel distribution cen­
ters in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and
Australia.
This wage chronology is limited to the results of col­
lective bargaining between the International Shoe Co.
Division of Interco, Inc., and the United Shoe Workers
of America (USW) and the Boot and Shoe Workers’
Union (BSW). It traces the major changes in wages and
supplementary compensation practices for production
and related workers since 1945, when the first master
agreements were negotiated. Provisions shown for that
date do not necessarily indicate changes in prior condi­
tions of employment.
Presently, the USW bargains for about 1,800 pro­
duction and related workers in 5 shoe factories, and 2
supply plants in Missouri and Arkansas; the BSW
bargains for 2,000 production workers in 5 shoe facto­
ries in Missouri; and the balance, approximately 42
percent of all International Shoe’s workers, are repre­

was absorbed by the Shoe Workers’ Protective Union
which in 1933 combined with the National Shoe
Workers Association, the Shoe Workers of Salem, and
the Shoe and Leather Workers Union to form the
United Shoe and Leather Workers Union (USLWU).
However, a substantial faction soon withdrew and con­
tinued under the name of the Shoe Workers’ Protective
Union (SWPU). In 1937, the SWPU merged with the
USLWU to form the United Shoe Workers of America
(USW), affiliated with the Committee for Industrial
Organization (CIO).
The BSW was organized in 1889 under the name of
the Boot and Shoe Workers’ International Union, suc­
ceeding locals of the Shoeworkers National Trade
Assembly of the Knights of Labor. In 1895, it com­
bined with the Laster’s Protective Union of America
and other locals of the National Trade Assembly to
form the Boot and Shoe Workers’ Union, affiliated
with the American Federation of Labor (AFL). On
September 1, 1977, the BSW became the Footwear
Division of the Retail Clerks International Association
(RCIA) as a result of the merger of the two unions.
(The RCIA was later renamed the Retail Clerks Inter­
national Union.)
In recent years, the USW and BSW have negotiated
jointly with the International Shoe Co. because of com­
mon interest. The same type of representation and
bargaining situation also prevails at Brown Shoe Co.,
another leading company in the industry. Generally,
the unions focus their bargaining efforts on one of the
two com panies, and the resulting settlement terms then
become the basis for subsequent settlement with the
other company, as well as for settlements with firms at
which only one of the unions represents employees. The
bargaining with International Shoe (and Brown Shoe)
is conducted on a companywide basis, but each local of
the particular union signs a separate agreement with the
company. All of the USW and BSW agreements with
the company are essentially the same.
The contracts cover production, maintenance, and
custodial workers, approximately 88 percent of whom
are paid on a piecework basis.

sented either by the Teamsters, Rubber Workers, S te el­

workers, Longshoremen, or printing specialities
unions, or are nonunion.
Attempts at labor organization in the shoe industry
occurred as early as 1793, with the formation of the
Federal Society of Journeymen Cordwainers in
Philadelphia. This union initiated the first recorded
successful strike by a labor organization in the United
States. It lasted 2 weeks and resulted in an increase in
wages.
The USW started under the name of United Shoe
Workers in 1909 with about 2,700 members. In 1924, it




1

Summary of Contract
Negotiations

were for 2 years, with provision for a third year if an ac­
ceptable pension plan could be worked out.
In July 1957, the parties agreed upon the terms of a
retirement plan, to be financed by company payments
of 3 percent of its gross payroll, and extended the
agreement to September 30, 1958.

December 1945— September 1952

The first master agreements between the Interna­
tional Shoe Co. and the United Shoe workers of
America (USW) and the Boot and Shoe Workers
(BSW) were negotiated in 1945. Between 1945 and
1951, employees represented by both unions received
essentially the same wage adjustments. (See table l.)
Changes in supplementary benefits for workers during
this period included guaranteed minimum earnings for
workers learning higher rated jobs, the establishment of
paid holidays, eased requirements for vacation
eligibility, and improved group insurance.

October 1958— September 1962

The 3-year agreements between the International
Shoe Co. and the USW and BSW that were scheduled
to expire on September 30, 1958, were extended until
October 10, 1958. They were replaced by 2-year agree­
ments negotiated on October 12, which provided a 4percent wage increase effective October l , 1958, and an
additional 2.5 percent on October l, 1959, for about
14,500 workers. The agreements also revised reporting
pay provisions and liberalized life insurance for retired
employees.
The day after these contracts expired on September
30, 1960, agreement was reached on terms of new 2year contracts. The new contracts, which covered about
12,300 workers at 33 plants, provided for wage in­
creases of 5 cents an hour effective January 2, 1961,
and an additional 3 cents an hour effective January 1,
1962. The agreements also improved the hospital
benefits program, liberalized vacation eligibility re­
quirements, and provided vacation benefits for
employees retiring during the year. The agreements
continued in effect until September 30, 1962, without
provision for any reopening.

October 1952— October 1953

The International Shoe Co.’s agreements with the
USW and the BSW, in effect since October 1951, ex­
pired in September and October 1952.
New l-year agreements were negotiated in October
and individual plant contracts were signed at various
dates. They provided for retroactive increases in earn­
ings as well as changes in overtime and holiday pay and
in paid-vaction practices. Although the unions negoti­
ated separately, both contracts provided for the same
general wage increase. The same changes in related
working practices were also made in each contract.
The contracts, like those they replaced, made no
provision for a reopening regarding any of the terms.
October 1953— September 1958

International Shoe Co. agreements with the USW
and the BSW, in effect since the fall of 1952, expired in
September and October of 1953, respectively.
These were replaced by 2-year agreements negoti­
ated on October 31, 1953, which established semi­
annual cost-of-living wage escalator clauses for the
18,000 employees represented by these 2 unions but
provided for no immediate change in pay. The agree­
ments added a third week of vacation after 15 years of
service and provided a company-paid hospital, medi­
cal, and surgical plan.
Negotiations for new contracts began in September
1955 and, when no agreement was reached, the unions
struck on November 11,1955. The strike was ended in
early December on terms of an increase of almost 5
percent in the earnings of piece and time workers,
retroactive to October 3, an additional advance of
almost 3 percent in April 1956, and discontinuance of
the cost-of-living escalator clauses. The agreements



October 1962— September 1964

Two-year contracts to replace those that expired
September 30, 1962, were agreed to on the following
day by the International Shoe Co. and the USW and the
BSW after almost 2 months of negotiations. The new
agreements, which covered about 13,000 workers, pro­
vided 3-cent-an-hour general wages increases for all
workers on January 1, 1963, and again on January 1,
1964.1 In addition, higher rates for some incentive
operations, effective March 4 and September 3, 1963,
increased the earnings of one-third of the company’s
employees an average of 6 cents an hour over the life of
the contract.
Improvements in fringe benefits consisted of an ad>An additional 3,000 to 4,000 unorganized workers were to
receive the same changes in wages and benefits.
2

ditional paid holiday and an increase in women’s acci­
dent and sickness benefits to the level of the men’s
benefits. An actuarial study of the pension fund was in­
stituted to determine the feasibility of an early retire­
ment provision under existing financing arrangements.
As a result of this study, the pension plan was amended
to permit voluntary retirement at age 62.
The changes incorporated in the 1962 agreements,
were to remain in effect until September 30, 1964,
without any reopening.

raised. Pension benefits were increased and eligibility
for disability annuities was reduced to 15 years of serv­
ice, regardless of the worker’s age.
Some 10,000 workers were covered by the Interna­
tional Shoe Co. agreements with the unions; 7,000 in
Missouri, Arkansas, and Illinois USW plants and
3.000 in Missouri, Kentucky, and Tennessee BSW
plants. All agreements were to remain in effect until
September 30, 1966.

October 1964— September 1966

Two-year agreements, covering approximately
10.000 workers, were reached on September 30, 1966,
following joint negotiations by the USW and the BSW
with the International Shoe Co. The contracts set the
bargaining pattern for scheduled talks and the Brown
Shoe Co. Workers ratified the pacts shortly after agree­
ment was reached.
The contracts provided wage increases effective
January 2, 1967, of 9 cents an hour for dayworkers and
6 cents an hour on the clock plus 5 cents per 100 piece­
work points added to all class wages for pieceworkers.
A year later, dayworkers were to receive 12 cents and
pieceworkers, 6 cents on the clock, 7 cents per 100
points on all class wages, and an additional 8 cents per
100 points on the lowest class wage. The minimum
wage also was raised in 1967 and 1968 according to the
1966 amendments to the Fair Labor Standards Act.
The contracts also provided for the establishment of 2
days of paid bereavement leave, payment for hospital
room and board on an “area cost” basis, and increases
in both the surgical maximum and the in-hospital medi­
cal benefit. The employee’s premium for dependents’
hospital and surgical benefits was increased to $4.96 a
month. The group insurance plan was revised so that
Medicare benefits would be supplemented rather than
duplicated.
In addition, the employee’s premium for $2,000 life
insurance was increased to $2 a month at age 65 for
those who retired on or after October 1, 1966. Pension
benefits for those retiring on a normal or disability an­
nuity on or after October 1, 1966, were increased to $2
a month for each year of service, up to 30 years. In
1967, pensions for those retired before October 1966
were to increase to $ 1.75 a month for each year of serv­
ice, up to 30 years, except for those retired under a
vested pension right. The company also agreed to in­
crease its contribution to the pension fund in 1967 to
4.25 percent of gross payroll.
The agreements were scheduled to remain in effect
through September 30, 1968, with no provision for a
reopening.

October 1966— September 1968

Bargaining objectives for negotiations in the shoe in­
dustry were developed at a biunion Shoe Workers and
Boot and Shoe Workers wage policy conference in May
1964. Negotiations opened in late August with the
unions following a well-established procedure, present­
ing their noneconomic contract proposals prior to the
economic demands. At the 1964 sessions, the non­
economic items dealt with more than 50 contract provi­
sions.
On September 9, International Shoe Co. and union
negotiators started their discussions of the unions’
economic package which was designed to improve ex­
isting benefits and add new practices. The unions’
determination to increase earnings was expressed in a
request for a 15-cent-an-hour wage increase and a
$1.40 minimum for all piece and hourly workers. An
additional paid holiday and longer vacations would
have reduced worktime while maintaining earnings.
Substantial improvements in the hospital-surgicalmedical plan, sickness and accident benefits, and pen­
sion annuities, were included in the union package. The
higher annuities were to be financed by an additional 1percent employer contribution. A number of the pro­
posals were aimed at improving job security and earn­
ings when changes in operations, materials, or machin­
ery would have reduced employment or take-home
pay.
The unions also requested the establishment of two
new benefits to protect earnings levels: 2 days’ paid
funeral leave, and 7 days’ paid sick leave. A proposal
for the initiation of a severance pay provision com­
pleted the unions’ program.
On October 22, the International Shoe Co. reached
agreement on a 2-year contract with the USW and the
BSW. For the first time in many years, the unions
signed with Brown Shoe Co. before they did with Inter­
national, and then only after the parties had agreed on
a 30-day extension of the 1962 contract.
Earnings of day and pieceworkers were to be in­
creased 2 percent in January 1965 and 1966, and an
additional 2 percent increase was given employees at
the lowest job-class rate. One paid holiday was added,
bringing the total to 8. Daily payments for hospital
room and board and the surgical maximum were



October 1968— September 1970

Following joint negotiations, settlement was reached
September 30, 1968, on new 2-year agreements by the
International Shoe Co. with the USW and the BSW.
3

contracts provided employees retiring after December
1, 1971, with credit for up to 40 years of company serv­
ice, reaching a maximum pension benefit of $110 a
month. It provided also that, in future contracts, the
basis of pension negotiations would be the amount of
pension benefits rather than the amount of employer
contributions to the fund. Insurance benefit changes,
effective November 1, 1970, provided increased pay­
ments for: In-hospital medical benefits, maternity
benefits, and miscarriages. Bereavement pay was also
liberalized.
The agreements, scheduled to expire September 30,
1974, covered approximately 10,000 workers in 30
plants in a five-State area. They provided for reopen­
ings in 1972 on: Wages, pensions, vacations,
hospitalization and insurance, minimum wages, holi­
days, bereavement pay, and severance pay.

The agreements were ratified by the workers in Oc­
tober and provided wage increases on December 1,
1968, of 17 cents an hour for dayworkers and 28 cents
per 100 piecework points for workers in incentive
operations. In the second year, dayworkers were to
receive 15 certts and pieceworkers, 26 cents per 100
piecework points. A minimum wage based on length of
service was established for pieceworkers. Other
changes included the addition of a ninth paid holiday, a
liberalized vacation schedule, a revision of the
bereavement leave provision, and the establishment of
severance pay in the event of a permanent plant closing.
Group insurance benefits were increased by raising the
surgical and special service maximums. The employee’s
premium for dependents’ hospital and surgical benefits
coverage was increased to $5.09 a month. The sickness
and accident benefit also was increased to $35.
Improvements in pensions increased the benefit for
normal or disability retirement to $2.25 a month for
each year of credited service, up to 30 years. The in­
crease did not apply to those who terminated employ­
ment with a vested pension right. In late 1969, the max­
imum number of years that could be used in computing
the monthly benefit was increased to 35 years. In addi­
tion, all time spent in the military was to be counted as
service credit for pension purposes.
The agreements covered approximately 10,000
workers in 32 plants in Missouri, Illinois, Arkansas,
and Kentucky and were to remain in effect through
September 30, 1970, with no provision for reopening.

September 1972— September 1974

Bargaining under a contract clause providing for
reopening of economic issues in 1972, the Shoe
Workers and the Boot and Shoe Workers reached
agreement on September 29, 1972, with International
Shoe Company on a number of wage and benefit
changes to be implemented during the balance of the
existing 4-year contract. The agreement was scheduled
to expire September 30, 1974.
Under the reopener accord, rates for pieceworkers
were increased by 8 cents per 100 points2 on December
4, 1972, and 10 cents per 100 points on June 4, 1973,
December 3, 1973, and June 3, 1974; rates for
dayworkers were increased by 5, 6, 6, and 6 cents per
hour on the respective dates.
Benefit improvements were a fourth week of vaca­
tion pay after 25 years of service (maximum time off re­
mained at 3 weeks), adoption of a $5,000 maximum
major medical plan, and pension benefit increases to $3
a month per year of credited service on November 1,
1972, and $3.25 on November 1, 1973. The settlement
covered 10,300 workers at 27 plants in Missouri, Il­
linois, Arkansas, and Kentucky.

October 1970— September 1972

The USW and BSW jointly negotiated 4-year con­
tracts with the International Shoe Co. on October 1,
1970, hours before the old contracts were due to ex­
pire. This was the first time the parties developed
agreements of such long duration. The contracts were
ratified jointly by the unions on September 30, 1970,
and were effective October 1, 1970.
Principal provisions of the pacts included wage in­
creases of 18 cents an hour for dayworkers and 30 cents
per 100 points for pieceworkers, to be added to all class
wages, both effective December 1, 1970, with addi­
tional increases of 15 cents an hour and 25 cents per
100 points, respectively, to begin December 1, 1971.
Also effective on December 1, 1970, was a company
contribution equivalent to 1-2/3 cents an hour when
averaged over the bargaining unit, establishing new
class rates on certain jobs. Minimum wages increased
to $ 1.80 for pieceworkers with 24 months of service or
more, beginning December 1, 1970; $1.85 on Decem­
ber 1, 1971; and $ 1.90, December 1, 1972.
The agreement raised monthly pension benefits from
$2.25 to $2.50 per year of credited service, effective
December 1, 1970, and to $2.75 a year later. The new



October 1974— September 1976

International Shoe Co. and the joint bargaining
committee of the USW and the BSW reached agree­
ment on September 30, 1974, only hours before the
scheduled expiration of the existing contract. The set­
tlement marked a return to the tradition of 2-year con­
tracts that had generally prevailed until 1970, when the
parties negotiated a 4-year agreement with a provision
for reopening on economic provisions in 1972.
2Under the company's incentive plan, 100 points was equal to
approximately 100 minutes of work for the average worker. Five
cents per 100 points would, therefore, be the equivalent of about a
3-cent-an-hour increase for the average pieceworker.

4

The settlem ent, which followed the pattern
established in the unions’ July 1974 settlement with
Brown Shoe Co., provided for an immediate wage in­
crease of 20 cents an hour for dayworkers and 34 cents
per 100 points for pieceworkers, which was equivalent
to 20 cents an hour for the average pieceworker. All
employees received deferred increases of 10 cents an
hour on November 1, 1975, and June 1, 1976. In order
to comply with the required Federal minimum wage,
the plant minimum rate had been increased to $2 on
May 1, 1974; and the contract called for a $2.10 plant
minimum on January 1, 1975, and $2.30 on January 1,
1976.
Pension benefits were increased 25 cents, to $3.50 a
month per year of service, on November 1, 1974, and
to $3.75 on November 1, 1975. Eligibility for 4 weeks
of vacation pay with 3 weeks’ time off was reduced to
20 years’ service, from 25. There were also improve­
ments in health, sickness and accident, and life in­
surance benefits, and in bereavement pay.
About 10,200 workers in 25 factories in Missouri,
Illinois, Arkansas, and Kentucky were covered by the
agreement, which was scheduled to expire September
30, 1976.

day. The settlement provided for wage increases effec­
tive November 1, 1976, of 25 cents an hour for
dayw orkers and 35 cents per 100 points for
pieceworkers (equivalent to about 21 cents an hour for
the average pieceworker). Dayworkers were to receive
an additional 13 cents an hour on November 1, 1977,
and 12 cents on June 5, 1978. On both dates,
pieceworkers were to receive an increase of 20 cents per
100 points, which was equivalent to about 12 cents an
hour.
Effective November 1, 1976, there was to be full
vesting of pensions after 10 years of service, regardless
of age, in compliance with the Employee Retirement
Income Security Act of 1974. The pension rate was in­
creased to $4 a month per year of service from $3.75,
effective November 7, 1977. Improvements in in­
surance included $15,000 major medical coverage, up
from $10,000, and the employee’s cost for dependent
insurance coverage was increased to $7.70 a month
from $7.35. Hospital insurance for workers retiring at
age 62-64 was made available at a rate of $13.75 a
month for the employee and an additional $15.40 for
his or her spouse; the coverage was to terminate when
the retiree reached age 65.
The agreement, covering 15,000 workers in 25 fac­
tories in 111inois, Missouri, Arkansas, and Kentucky,
was scheduled to expire September 30, 1978. The
following tables summarize wage and benefit changes
to that date.

October 1976— September 1978

On September 30, 1976, the International Shoe Co.,
the USW, and the BSW reached agreement on new 2year contracts, replacing ones that expired the same




5

Table 1.

General wage changes*

Dec. 1, 1945 (by agreement)
June 3, 1946 (by agreement)
Sept. 2, 1946 (by agreement)
Mar. 3, 1947 (by agreement and ar­
bitration award)

Oct. 1947 (by agreement)

Dec. 1947
Apr. 1948
May 1948
July 1948
O ct 1948
Feb. 1949
Oct. 3, 1949 (by agreement)
Oct. 2, 1950 (by agreement)
Oct. 1, 1951 (by agreement)
Sept. 29, 1952 (by agreement)
Oct. 1, 1953 USW and Nov. 1, 1953,
BSW (by agreements of Oct. 31,
1953)

Applications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Provision

Effective date

10 percent increase, averaging ap­
proxim ately 8 cents an hour.
7 cents an hour increase.
5 cents an hour increase.
7 1 /2 p e rc e n t in c re a s e w ith a
minimum increase of 6 cents,
averaging approxim ately 7 cents
an hour.
3 cents an hour increase.

3
3
3
3
3
3

cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents

an
an
an
an
an
an

hour
hour
hour
hour
hour
hour

increase.
increase.
decrease.
increase.
increase.
decrease.

6 cents an hour increase.
6 cents an hour increase.
4 percent increase, averaging 4 1/2
cents an hour.
No wage change.

Apr 5, 1954
Oct. 4, 1954
Apr. 4, 1955
Oct. 3, 1955 (agreements of Dec.
1955)

No wage change.
No wage change.
No wage change.
4.8 percent increase in earnings.

Apr. 2, 1956 (agreements of Dec.
1955)
O ct. 1, 19 58 (BSW agreem ents
dated Nov. and Dec. 1958, and
USW agreements dated Dec. 1958
and Jan. 1959).
Oct. 1, 1959, (BSW agreem ents
dated Nov. and Dec. 1958, and
USW agreements dated Dec. 1958
and Jan. 1959)
Jan. 2, 1961 (agreements dated Oct.
1960)

2.75 percent increase in earnings.

Additional 3 cents to skilled mechanics.
Percent increase applied to gross w eekly earnings. The com pany's
piece-rate schedule was therefore not revised to reflect the increase.2
Semiannual co st-o f-livin g escalator clause established, w ith 1 percent
adjustment of existing 4 percent extra wage payment (applied to gross
w eekly earnings) for each 1.15-point change in the Bureau of Labor
S tatistics Consumer Price Index from its Aug. 15, 1953, level (1947—
49 =100). First adjustment due Apr. 5, 1954, based on the Feb. 15.
1954, index.
No decrease in the index was to reduce extra wage payment below that
currently paid.
Semiannual review of co st-o f-livin g allowance.
Semiannual review of co st-o f-livin g allowance.
Semiannual review of co st-o f-livin g allowance.
Increase resulted from raising extra wage payment from 4 to 9 percent.
Consequently, piece-rate schedules were not revised. C ost-of-living
escalator clause discontinued.
Minimum rate to be changed when mandatory under Fair Labor Standards
Act to new minimum required by the act.
Increase resulted from raising extra wage payment from 9 to 12 percent
Increase applied to piece, hourly, and sample extra rates.3

2.5 percent increase, averaging ap­
proximately 4 cents an hour.

Increase applied to piece, hourly, and sample extra rates.3

5 cents an hour increase.

Increase applied to hourly rates. In contrast to procedure follow ed in
1958 and 1959, the earnings of piecew orkers were increased by the
amount of the general wage change times the number of hours worked
during the week.
Minimum rate increased to $1.15 an hour as required by 1961 amend­
ment to Fair Labor Standards Act; other rates in the progression
schedules increased to re flect new minimum.
Increase applied to hourly rates. Earnings of piece -w orkers were in­
creased by the amount of the general wage change tim es the number
of hours w orked during the week.
W eekly earnings of piecew orkers increased by the general wage
change times the number of hours worked during the week.
Agreement also provided a deferred general wage increase, effective
Jan. 1, 1946, and increases the incentive rates, effective Mar. 4 and
Sept. 3, 1963.
Deferred increase of up to 5 cents per 100 piecew ork points in some in­
centive operations, amounting to 1 cent an hour when averaged over
entire bargaining unit.4
Deferred increase of up to 5 cents per 100 piecew ork points in some in­
centive operations, amounting to 1.5 cents an hour when averaged
over entire bargaining unit.4
Minimum rate increase to $1.25 an hour as required by 1961 amendment
of Fair Labor Standards Act; other rates in progression schedule for
low est paid day-rate w orkers increased to reflect new minimum.
Deferred wage increase. W eekly earnings of piecew orkers increased by
the general wage change times the number of hours w orked during the
week.

Jan. 1, 1962 (agreements dated Oct.
1960)

3 cents an hour increase.

Jan. 1, 1963 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1962)

3 cents an hour increase.

Mar. 4, 1963 (agreements of above
date)
Sept 3, 1963 (agreements of above
date)

3 cents an hour increase.

See footnotes at end of table.




Increase designated as c o st-o f-livin g allowance, to be adjusted 3 cents
whenever there was a 5-point increase or decrease in the BLS Con­
sumers' Price Index. The agreement provided for a maximum increase
of 1 2 cents and lim ited reductions to the level of the previous agree­
ment.
Adjustment of cost-o f-livin g allowance.
Adjustment of co st-o f-livin g allowance.
Adjustment of cost-o f-livin g allowance.
Adjustment of co st-o f-livin g allowance.
Adjustment of co st-o f-livin g allowance.
Adjustment of cost-o f-livin g allowance.
C ost-of-living adjustment frozen at 9 cents. Escalator clause eliminated.

4 percent increase, averaging ap­
proximately 6 cents an hour

Sept. 3, 1961

Jan. 1, 1964 (agreements of above
date)

Approved by the Wage S tabilization Board on July 26, 1946.

6

Table 1.

Continued— General wage change*’
Effective date

Provision

Applications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Jan. 4, 1965 (agreements dated Dec.
1964—Jan. 1965)

2 percent increase, averaging 3.4
cents an hour.5

Jan. 3 ,1 9 6 6 (agreements dated Dec.
1964—Jan. 1965)
Jan. 2 ,1 9 6 7 (agreements dated Oct.
1, 1966)

2 percent increase, averaging 3.6
cents an hour.5
9 cents an hour increase.

Additional 2 percent increase to em ployees in low est wage class and inequity adjustments at a number of plants amounted to approxim ately
1.5 cents an hour5 when averaged over the entire bargaining unit.
Agreement also provided a deferred general increase effective Jan. 3,
1966.
Deferred increase.

Jan. 1, 1968 (agreements of above
date)

12 cents an hour increase.

Dec. 1, 1968 (agreements dated Oct.
1, 1968)

17 cents an hour increase.

Dec. 1, 1969 (agreements of above
date)
Dec. 1 ,1 9 7 0 (agreements dated Oct.
1, 1970)

15 cents an hour increase.

Dec. 1,1971 (agreements dated Oct.
1, 1970)
Dec. 4, 1972 (agreements of Sept.
29, 1972)

15 cents an hour increase.

June 4, 1973
29, 1972)
Dec. 3, 1973
29, 1972)
June 3, 1974
29, 1972)
Nov. 1, 1974
30, 1974)

18 cents an hour increase.

5 cents an hour increase.

(agreements of Sept.

6 cents an hour increase.

(agreements of Sept.

6 cents an hour increase.

(agreements of Sept.

6 cents an hour increase.

(agreements of Sept.

20 cents an hour increase.

Nov. 1, 1975 (agreements of Sept.
30, 1974)
June 1, 1976 (agreements of Sept.
30, 1974)
Nov. 1, 1976 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1976)

10 cents an hour increase.

Nov. 7, 1977 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1976)
June 5, 1978 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1976)

10 cents an hour increase.
25 cents an hour increase.

13 cents an hour increase.
12 cents an hour increase.

'General wage changes are upward or downward adjustments affecting
an entire establishment, bargaining unit, or plant at 1 time. They do not in­
clude adjustments in individual rates, such as promotions and minor adjust­
ments in the wage structure, or changes in individual rates that do not have
an immediate and noticeable effect on the average plant wage level.
The wage changes listed were the major adjustments in the general
wage level during the period covered. Because of the om ission of non­
general changes and other factors, the total of the general changes listed
w ill not necessarily coincide with the change in straight-tim e average
hourly earnings.




P iecew orkers received 6 cents an hour added to clockcard hours and 5
cents per 100 piece w ork points added to all class wages.4
Agreements also provided for deferred increases effective Jan. 1, 1968.
Deferred increases. Piecew orkers received 6 cents an hour added to
c lo ck-ca rd hours, 7 cents per 100 piecew ork points added to all class
wages, and an additional 8 cents per 100 piecew ork points for the
low est class w age.4
P iecew orkers received 28 cents per 100 piecew ork points added to all
class wages.4
Agreements also provided for deferred increases effective Dec. 1,1 969 .
Deferred increases. Piecew orkers received 26 cents per 100 piecew ork
points added to all class w ages.4
P iecew orkers received 30 cents per 100 piecew ork points added to all
class wages.4
Agreements also provided for deferred increases effective Dec. 1, 1971.
Deferred increases. Piecew orkers received 25 cents per 100 points ad­
ded to all class wages.4
P iecew orkers received 8 cents per 100 points added to all class
wages.4 Settlem ent under reopener provision of Oct. 1,1 970 , contract
also provided for deferred wage increases on June 4, 1973, Dec. 3,
1973, and June 3, 1974.
Deferred increase. Piecew orkers received 10 cents per 100 points ad­
ded to all class wages.4
Deferred increase. P iecew orkers received 10 cents per 100 points ad­
ded to all class wages.4
Deferred increase. P iecew orkers received 10 cents per 100 points ad­
ded to all class wages.4
P iecew orkers received 34 cents per 100 points added to all class
w ages.4 Agreement also provided for deferred wage increases on Nov.
1, 1975, and June 1, 1976.
Deferred increase. Piecew orkers received 10 cents per clock-ca rd
hour.
Deferred increase. P iecew orkers received 10 cents per clock-ca rd
hour.
Piecew orkers received 35 cents per 100 points added to all class
wages.4 Agreement also provided for deferred wage increases on Nov.
7, 1977, and June 5, 1978.
Deferred increase. Piecew orkers received 20 cents per 100 points ad­
ded to all class wages.4
Deferred increase. P iecew orkers received 20 cents per 100 points ad­
ded to all class wages.4
T h e majority of production w orkers in International Shoe factories are
paid on a piecew ork basis.
3Sample extra rates apply to some piecew ork operations on samples
where the workmanship is visible.
“Under the com pany's incentive plan, 100 points is equal to approx­
imately 100 minutes of w ork for the average w orker. Five cent per 100
points would be therefore, the equivalent of about a 3-cent-an-hour in­
crease for the average piecew orker.
T h e estimated cents an hour resulting from the percentage increases
were provided by the unions.

7

Table 2.

Minimum hourly rates for dayworkers and pieceworkers,1 1945-76
Effective date

,

A pplications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Rate

Dayworkers:
Dec. 1, 1945
St. Louis area
Outside St. Louis
Jan. 25, 1950

$0,675
$0,625

Mar. 1, 1956

$1.00

In accordance with amendment to Fair Labor Standards Act, effective
Jan. 25, 1950.
In accordance with amendment to Fair Labor Standards Act, effective
Mar. 1, 1956.
A schedule was established providing automatic increases of 2.5 cents
per hour each 4 weeks to a rate that was equal to the minimum rate plus
at least 50 percent of the difference between the minimum and max­
imum;2 company could grant additional increases or the maximum rate
to qualified workers, at its discretion, regardless of time.
To com ply with amendment of Fair Labor Standards Act, effective Sept.
3, 1961; other rates in progression schedule increase to reflect in­
crease in minimum rate, although this was not included in the contract.
By agreements of Oct. 1, 1962, automatic progression changed to rate
equal to the minimum rate plus at least tw o-thirds the difference b e t­
ween the minimum and maximum rates.
To com ply with 1961 amendment of Fair Labor Standards Act; other
rates in progression schedule increased to reflect increase in minimum
rate.2
To com ply with 1966 amendment to Fair Labor Standards Act; other
rates in daywork progression schedule increased to reflect increases
in minimum rate.2
To com ply with 1966 amendment to Fair Labor Standards Act; other
rates in daywork progression schedule increased to reflect increase in
minimum rate.2

$0.75

Oct. 1, 1958

Sept. 3, 1961

$1.15

Jan. 1, 1963

Sept. 3, 1963

$1.25

F e b .1 ,1 9 6 7

$1.40

Feb. 1, 1968

$1.60

Dayworkers and piecew orkers:

By agreements of Oct. 1, 1968, automatic daywork progression of 2.5
cents an hour each 4 weeks continued until an increased rate equal to
the minimum rate plus at least three-fourths the difference between the
minimum and maximum rates had been reached.2
The same agreements also established a schedule of minimums for
piecew orkers guaranteeing a starting rate at the Federal minimum of
$1.60 and $1.65 after 3 months of service or more. A dditions were to
be made to the schedule of minimums for piecew orkers in 1969 and
1970.
$1.70 was added to the schedule of minimums for piecew orkers with 6
motths of service or more.
$1.75 was added to the schedule of minimums for piecew orkers with 1
year of service or more.
$1.80 was added to the schedule2 of minimums for piecew orkers with 24
months of service or more.
Increased to: $1.85 for piecew orkers with 24 months of service or more.
Increased to: $1.90 for piecew orkers with 24 months of service or more.
To com ply with amendment to Fair Labor Standards Act.
Changed: By agreement of Sept. 30, 1974, automatic daywork p rogre s­
sion to be from starting pay rate to maximum rate of job. (As before,
steps were 2.5 cents an hour every 4 weeks and company could a c ­
celerate progression for qualified em ployees who were performing
satisfactorily.)
Guaranteed minimum rate increased to $2.10 an hour for piecew ork
em ployees with 12 months of service and $2.20 for those with 24
months.3
To com ply with amendment to Fair Labor Standards Act.
Guaranteed minimum rate increased to $2.20 an hour for piecew ork
em ployees with 1 2 months of service and $2.30 for those with 24
months.3
Guaranteed minimum rate increased to $2.40 an hour for piecew ork
em ployees with 12 months of service and $2.50 for those with 24
months.3
Changed: Automatic daywork progression steps to 5 cents (was 2.5) an
hour every 4 weeks.

Dec. 1, 1968

Oct. 1, 1969
Apr. 1, 1970
D e c .1 ,1 9 7 0
Oct. 4, 1971
Apr. 4, 1972
May 1, 1974

$2.00

Nov. 1, 1974

Jan. 1, 1 975
June 1, 1975

$2.10

Jan. 1, 1976

$2.30

Nov. 1, 1976
'C ontract minimum hourly rates based on length of service were
established for incentive workers, effective Dec. 1, 1968.




2See app. A.
3By agreement of Sept. 30, 1974.

8

Table 3.

Supplementary compensation practices1
Effective date

Applications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Provision

Guaranteed minimum earnings for w orkers learning higher rated jobs
Dec. 1 and 3, 1 945

90 percent of former average hourly
earnings guaranteed to employees
learning new operation, providing
such rate is not above 90 percent
o f a v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s
established for new job.

Dec. 1 and 3, 1945

Time and one-half for work outside
regular d a ily sche dules or 40
hours a week.

Overtime pay

Oct 1, 1952 (USW) and Nov. 1,1 9 5 2
(BSW)

Time and one-half the regular rate paid for all work outside of regular
hours when employee worked some hours during regular schedule.
Not applicable to: (1) A new em ployee hired during the day, (2) an
employee absent part of the day for personal reasons, (3) a new
em ployee required to w ork 1 day outside of regular schedule during
first week of employment, and (4) nonproduction em ployees on
special scheduled hours.2 Time and one-half paid for w ork in excess of
8 hours a day in situations 1 and 2 and after 40 hours a w eek in 3 and 4.
Premium pay for Saturday and Sunday work

Dec. 1 and 3, 1945

Time and one-half for w ork on Satur­
day. Double time for Sunday as
such.

Dec. 1 and 3, 1945

Time and one-half for work on 6
specified holidays. No payment for
holidays not worked.
3 paid holidays established for which
workers received 8 hours' pay.
Double time and one-half (total) for
work on paid holidays.
Added: 2 paid holidays (total 5).
Added: 1 paid holiday (total 6).

Nonproduction em ployees on special schedules paid overtime rate only
for Saturday and Sunday w ork in excess of 40 hours a week.

Holiday pay

Sept. 2, 1946

Sept 30, 1947
Oct 1948

Oct. 1, 1952 (USW) and Nov. 1, 1952
(BSW)
Oct 1, 1953 (USW) and Nov. 1, 1953
(BSW)
Oct. 1, 1955

Oct. 1, 1958 (BSW agreem ents
dated Nov. and Dec. 1958, and
U S W a g re e m e n ts d a te d D e c . 1 9 5 8

and Jan. 1959)
May 30, 1963 (agreements dated
Oct. 1, 1962)
Dec. 24, 1964 (agreements dated
Dec. 1964—Jan 1965)
Dec. 24, 1966 (agreements dated
Oct. 1, 1966)
Dec. 24, 1968 (agreements dated
Oct. 1, 1968)
Apr. 4, 1969 (agreements of above
date)
July 2, 1973 (agreements of Sept.
29, 1972)

w o rk e d

Added: 1 paid holiday (total 7).

Holiday was Memorial Day, form erly an unpaid holiday.

Added: 1 paid holiday (total 8).

Holiday was Christmas Eve.
Changed: Christmas Eve to a paid holiday with no time off in 1966 and
1967.
Reinstated: Christmas Eve as a paid holiday with time off.

Added: 1 paid holiday (total 9).

Holiday was Good Friday.
Annual 2-week plant vacation shutdown rescheduled to start first Mon­
day in July. Employees continued to receive holiday pay for Indepen­
dence Day but no longer received a distinct day off.

See footnotes at end of table.




Holidays were: New Year's Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor
Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. Paid holidays were: Labor Day,
Thanksgiving, and Christmas. Holidays must fall within em ployee’s
basic workweek. H oliday pay to equal average straight-tim e hourly
earnings during last previous full-calendar quarter if quarter was more
than 30 days prior to payments. When average could not be obtained
by this method, average for 6 weeks prio r to holiday was used.
Holidays added: New Year's Day and Memorial Day.
Holiday added was Independence Day. To be elig ib le for pay on any
holiday, employee must have been on payroll for at least 30 days and
have w orked day before and day after each holiday unless properly ex­
cused.
Armistice Day and December 26 substituted for Independence Day and
Memorial Day 1953, which fell on Saturday.
Dec. 24, 1954, and Dec. 31, 1954, substituted for Christmas Day 1954
and New Year's Day 1955, which fell on Saturday. Nov. 11, 1954,
substituted for Independence Day which fell on Sunday.
Veterans Day (Nov. 1 1 )1 9 5 6 , 1957, and 1958 substituted for Memorial
Day.
Holiday pay to be calculated at straight-tim e average hourly earnings for
6 weeks prio r to holiday or, if em ployee had no earnings record during
the 6 weeks, for entire period available.
Agreement continued Veterans Day as a paid holiday and Memorial Day
as an unpaid holiday for which time and one-half was paid for time

9

Table 3.

Continued— Supplementary compensation practices^
Effective date

Applications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Provision
Paid vacations

Dec. 1 and 3, 1945

1 w eek after 1 and less than 5 years
continuous service; 2 weeks after
5 years' continuous service.

Vacation pay to equal straight-tim e average hourly earnings during last
previous full quarter of calendar year. Number of hours of vacation pay
determined by average of hours that a plant was in operation during
past year but not few er than 40 nor more than 48 a week. Employee
must have worked minimum of 1,000 hours in past year to qualify for
vacation.
Minimum hours necessary to qualify for vacation changed to 1,100 hours
of time paid for (including vacations and holidays).
W orkers em ployed by the company during vacation period and having
100 but less than 1,100 hours of w ork during year to receive 2 percent
of average annual earnings if their total length of service with the com ­
pany qualified them for 1 w eek's vacation and 4 percent if qualified for
2 weeks' vacation.
6 percent of total earnings during year for workers with 15 years or more
continuous service and having 100 but less than 1,100 hours of work
during the year. Those w ith 1,100 hours to receive full vacation pay.
Added: Employees working 100 but less than 1,100 hours during vaca­
tion qualifying period, entitled to retirement benefits, and retiring
before end of vacation qualifying period, to receive 6 percent of
wages earned during qualifying period. Employees with 1,100 hours of
work or more to receive 3 w eeks' pay.
Changed: Employees with (1) 1 year or more of service, (2) a vacation
qualifying date other than June 1, and (3) a total of 1 /1 2 o f 1,100 hours
w orked for each full month of employment between employment an­
niversary date and follow ing June 1, to receive benefits equal to 1 /1 2
of the number of hours' pay due for a 1 -week vacation fo r each month
em ployed between em ployment anniversary date and follow ing June

Dec. 1, 1947
Oct. 1, 1952 (USW), and Nov. 1,
1952 (BSW)

Oct. 1, 1953 (USW), and Nov. 1,
1953 (BSW)

Added: Third week of vacation after
15 years’ continuous service.

June 1 ,1 9 6 0 (agreements dated Oct.
1960)

Oct. 1, 1960 (agreements dated Oct.
1960)

1.

Proportionate adjustment to be made after 5th and 15th anniversary of
employment.
Added: Employee rehired at the same plant not more than 10 years after a
previous employment and who had 5 years of continuous service dur­
ing previous period was allow ed his total company service if he
worked for continuous 5-year period that began on o r after Oct. 1,
1966. Total company service included only last previous employment
of at least 5 years.
Added: Employee vacation pay became due immediately and was
handled like wages if he died before the end of his vacation qualifying
period and had w orked 1,100 hours or more during the period.

Oct. 1, 1966 (agreements of same
date)

June 1 ,1 9 6 9 (agreements dated Oct.
1, 1968)

June 1, 1973 (agreements of Sept.
29, 1972)

June 1, 1 9 7 5

(a g re e m e n ts o f S e p t.

30, 1974)

Changed: Service requirements were
reduced to a llo w em ployee 2
weeks of vacation for 4 but less
than 10 years of service and 3
weeks for 10 years of service or
more.
Added: Fourth w eek of vacation pay
(without corresponding additional
time off) after 25 years' service
Reduced:

E lig ib ility

fo r

4

Total vacation pay for 25 -year em ployees was 8 percent of earnings
during the year for those w ith 100 but less than 1,100 hours o f work
during the year. Those who w orked 1,100 hours received full vacation
pay.

w eeks'

M axim um tim e off re m a in e d 3 w e e k s a fte r 1 0 y e a rs ’ s e rv ic e .

vacation pay, to 20 years service.
Reporting time

Dec 1 and 3, 1945

O ct. 1, 1958 (BSW agreem ents
dated Nov. and Dec. 1958, and
USW agreements dated Dec. 1958
and Jan. 1959)

Minimum of 2 hours pay at average
h o u r ly e a r n in g s g u a ra n te e d
em ployees not notified of lack of
work.
Changed to: Minimum 3 hours' pay at
a v e ra g e
r a te
g u a r a n te e d
em ployees required to report in
morning, 2 hours for em ployees re­
quired to report one-half hour or
less before usual lunch period.

Not applicable if failure to furnish work was due to: (a) Causes beyond
control of management; o r (b) em ployee left plant before lapse of 2
hours, unless previously excused.

Downtime
Dec. 1 and 3, 1945

90 percent of average hourly earn­
ings paid piecew orkers for time
lost after stoppages exceeded 30
minutes.

Applied only to stoppages caused by power- or steam-line failure.

C orrection: Guarantee extended to time lost through lack o f w ork or
machine breakdown.

Oct. 1,1951 (agreements dated Oct.
1951)

Time lost must not have been the fault of employee.
Applicable only if em ployee was required to remain in plant or accepted
assignments to other machines or operations.

See footnotes at end of table.




10

Table 3.

Continued— Supplementary compensation practices1
Effective date

A pplications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Provision
Downtime— Continued

Oct. 1, 1960 (agreements dated Oct.
1960)

Changed to: 90 percent of average
hourly earnings paid piecew orkers
for time lost in excess of 20
minutes because of lack of work.

Dec. 1 and 3, 1945

Employees required to serve on a
jury or at electio ns or registrations
co m p e n sa te d by com pany fo r
difference between amount paid
for service and regular pay.

Dec. 1 and 3, 1945

Piecew orkers paid average hourly
earnings when d ire c te d to do
machine repair w ork consisting of
more than normal adjustments and
not part of regular job.

Oct. 1, 1960 (agreements dated Oct.
1960)

Rate midway between 90 percent of
class wage (i.e., expected earn­
ings per hour for an average opera­
tor) and 90 percent of em ployees'
straight-tim e hourly earnings, for
1 20 hours or until a piece rate had
b e e n a u th o r iz e d , g u a ra n te e d
operators transferred to machine
that represented a technological
change.
Changed: Guarantee for operators
transferred to machine that repre­
sented a technological change—
lesser of 60 points per hour at
class wage of new machine or
average pay of em ployee on pre­
vious job.
Pay g u a ra n te e fo r e m p lo y e e s
transferred to machines that repre­
sented a te c h n o lo g ic a l change
revised to extend for 120 hours or
until a piece rate was established,
w hichever occurred first. If the new
rate was not established within the
1 20 hours, em ployees received 90
percent of their average pay on
their previous jobs, until a rate was
established or em ployees were
t r a n s f e r r e d to o t h e r w o r k ,
w hichever occurred first.

Jury and electio n service
Employees were expected to w ork full time when not actually engaged
in court or electio n duty.

Machine repair allowance

Technological change pay

Oct. 1, 1962 (agreements of same
date)

June 1, 1975 (agreements of Sept.
30, 1974)

New machine must have replaced another machine or hand operation that
paid the same class wage.

Guarantee applied for minimum of 120 hours or until a piece rate was
established, w hichever occurred later.

Group insurance
Dec. 1, 1945

June 1, 1948

Life insurance: C ontributory group
in s u ra n c e p la n a v a ila b le to
em ployees with 3 months service,
providing $2,000 in the event of
natural or accidental death. For
participants under 65 years of age,
who left employment because of
total disability, death benefit e x ­
tended for 12 months (if employee
was insured fo r less than 12
months at the time of total d is ­
ability, for period equal to the time
insured).
Sickness and accident benefits: $7 a
w eek for women and $10 for men
up to maximum of 15 w eeks in a
12-month period.
Changed to: Sickness and accident
benefits: Mutual Benefits S ocieties
superseded by insured sickness

See footnotes at end of table.




11

Not included in the contract; established by company in June 1934.
Employee contribution was 80 cents a month.

Provided through Mutual Aid S o cie tie s established at various plants from
1902 on through the 19 4 0 ’s. Employee contribution ranged from 35 to
50 cents a month, In some cases payments were extended to 15
weeks. Benefits payable for all sickness and accidents
Applicable only to nonoccupational accidents and sickness not covered
by workm en’s com pensation. Employee contribution range from 35
cents to $1 a month depending on length of service and sex.

Table 3.

Continued— Supplementary compensation practices1
Effective date

Applications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Provision
Group insurance— Continued

June 1, 1978— Continued

Oct. 1, 1953 (USW), and Nov. 1,
1953 (BSW)

Oct. 23, 1 958 (company memoran­
dum of same date)

Jan. 2, 1961 (agreements dated O ct
1960)

Dec. 1, 1962 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1962)
Dec. 1, 1963 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1962)
Dec. 1, 1964 (agreements dated
Dec. 1964—Jan. 1965)

and accident plan.3 For employees
with less than 5 years’ service, $7
a week for women and $10 a week
for men, up to a maximum of 13
w e e k s fo r e a c h illn e s s . F o r
employees with 5 years' service or
more, $14 for women and $20 for
men, up to a maximum of 13 weeks
for each illness. Benefits to begin
on fir s t w o rk in g day a b s e n t
because of accident or 4th day ab­
sent because of illness.
Changed to com pany-paid plan:
Increasing sickness and accident
benefits to $25 a w eek for men and
$15 a week for women, beginning
on 1 st day of absence because of
nonoccupational accident and 8th
day of illness.
A d d in g h o s p ita l an d s u r g ic a l
benefits—$8 a day hospitalization
for 31 days (maximum $248); $3
daily in-hospital medical benefits
for 31 days (maximum $93); $160
maximum sp e c ia l ho spital s e r­
vices; flat $100 maternity benefit
($150 for Caesarean delivery and
$50 for miscarriage).
Added: Life insurance—$1,000 non­
contributory or $2,000 con tributo­
ry p o lic y p r o v id e d r e t ir e d
em ployees.4
Increased:
Hospitalization (room and board)—to
$1 2 per day (maximum $372).
S pecial hospital s e rv ic e s — up to
$240.
Increased: Sickness and accident
b e nefits for w om en—to $20 a
week.
Increased: Sickness and accident
be nefits for w om en—to $25 a
week.
Increased:
Hospitalization— room and board— to
$1 5 a day (maximum $465).
S urgical— Surgical schedule— $300

Benefits applied to em ployees with 3 months’ service.

Hospital and surgical benefits available for dependents at cost of $3.25
a month.

Retirees perm itted to choose between tw o amounts. Those choosing
larger amount to contribute 80 cents a month, company to pay remain­
ing premium.
Hospital and special services benefits available after patient paid $25
for each confinement.

Employee to pay first $25 of hospital charges.
Hospital and surgical benefits available for dependents at cost of $4.46

m axim um (w as $ 2 0 0 ) .

Oct. 1, 1966 (agreements of same
date)
Nov. 1, 1966 (agreements of above
date)

Nov. 1 ,1 9 6 8 (agreements dated Oct.
1, 1968)

Nov. 1, 1970 (agreements of same
date)

Nov. 1, 1972 (agreement of Sept. 29,
1972)

Increased:
Hospitalization (room and board)—
payment in full on an “ area c o s t” 5
basis for a sem iprivate room (max­
imum 30 days).
S urgical benefits s c h e d u le —max­
imum to $350.
In-hospital medical benefits—to $5 a
day (maximum $155).
Increased:
Sickness and accident benefits for
all em ployees—to $35 a week.
Special hospital services—maximum
to $400.
S urg ica l benefits sch e d u le — m axi­
mum to $400.
In c re a s e d : In - h o s p ita l m e d ic a l
benefits to $7 a day ($217 max­
imum).
Increased: Maternity benefit to $225
($ 3 0 0 fo r C aesarean s e c tio n ,
$150 for miscarriage).
Added: $5,000 maximum major m edi­
cal program w ith $1 00 deductible
and costs shared on an 80 -20
basis.

a m onth.

Premium for $2,000 life insurance increased to $2 a month upon reaching
age 65 for em ployees retired on or after Oct. 1, 1966.
Hospital and surgical benefits available for dependents at cost of $4.96
a month.
Benefits received under M edicare reduced amount of benefits available
under group insurance plan.

Hospital and surgical benefits available for dependents at cost of $5.09
a month.

Cost of hospital and surgical benefits for dependents increased to $5.55
a month.

Employee cost for hospital and surgical benefits for dependents in­
creased to $6.55 a month.

See footnotes at end of table.




12

Table 3.

Continued— Supplementary compensation practices'
Effective date

A pplications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Provision
Group insurance--Continued

Nov. 1, 1972— Continued

Oct. 1, 1974 (agreements of Sept.
30, 1974)

Nov.
30,
Nov.
30,

1, 1974 (agreements of Sept.
1974)
1, 1975 (agreements of Sept.
1974)

Increased: Sickness and accident
benefits for all em ployees—to $40
a week.
Life insurance coverage—to $3,000.

Employee contribution continued at 40 cents a month for each $1,000 of
coverage.
Added: Double indemnity clause for accidental death

Increased: Sickness and accident
benefits for all em ployees— to $50
a week for a maximum of 15 weeks.
In c re a s e d :
M a jo r
m e d ic a l
coverage—to $10,000.
Increased: Special hospital charges
benefit—to $500
Daily in-hospital m edical benefit—to
$8 a day for 31 days, with a $248
maximum.
Maximum surgical benefit—to $500.
Increased: Maternity benfit—to $350
fo r norm al d e liv e ry , $ 4 5 0 fo r
C a e s a ria n s e c tio n , $ 3 0 0 fo r
miscarriage.

Nov 1, 1976 (agreement of Oct 1,
1976)

Increased: Maximum on major medical benefit—to $1 5,000

Oct. 1, 1957 (supplemental agree­
ments of July 1957)

C om p any p a id re tire m e n t plan
established to provide:
Normal retirement benefits of $1.25 a
month for each year of credited
service, up to 30, for em ployees at
age 65 with at least 1 5 years' ser­
v ic e ; to be su p p le m e n te d by
Federal social security benefits
T o ta l and p e rm a n e n t d is a b ilit y
b e n e fits id e n tic a l w ith normal
retirement benefits for em ployees
at age 50 or older with 15 years'
service and at any age with 25
years’ service.
Vested rights: Employee terminated
from active service on or after Oct.
1, 1957, after at least 15 years'
continuous c re d ite d s e rvice to
receive deferred benefits at age
65, based on credited service to
date of termination

Employee cost for hospital and surgical benefits for dependents in­
creased to $6.65 a month.

Employee cost for hospital and surgical benefits for dependents in­
creased to $7.35 a month.
Increased: Employee cost for hospital and surgical benefits for dependents—to $7.70 a month.
For employee retiring at age 62 -64, hospital insurance was available at a
rate of $13.75 month for em ployee and additional $15.40 for
employee s spouse. Coverage terminated at age 65.

Pension plan

Jan. 1, 1958 (supplemental agree­
ment dated Oct. 31, 1958)

Oct. 1, 1962 (agreements of above
date)

C h a n g e d : N o rm a l r e t ir e m e n t
b e n e f i t s — a g e r e q u ir e m e n t
reduced to 62.

Nov. 1, 1964 (agreements dated
Dec. 1964—Jan. 1965)

In c r e a s e d : N o rm a l r e tir e m e n t
benefits to —$1.50 a month for
each year of credited service up to
30.
Changed: Total and permanent dis­
ab ility —e lig ib ility reduced to 15
years' service, regardless of age.
In c r e a s e d : N o rm a l r e tir e m e n t
benefit—to $1.75 a month.
In c r e a s e d : N o rm a l r e tir e m e n t
benefit—to $2 a month for each
year of credited service, up to 30
years.

Nov. 1, 1965 (agreements dated
Dec. 1964—Jan. 1965)
Oct. 1, 1966 (agreements of same
date)

See footnotes at end of table.




13

Company to pay 3 percent of gross payroll. Benefits to begin Oct. 1,
1958.
Normal or disab ility benefits applicable to employees terminated on or
after Oct 1, 1955, who met age and service requirements at time of
termination

For periods after Oct. 1,1 957, 1 year's service credited for each year of
continuous service in which em ployees worked 1,100 or more hours
with follow ing proportions cre dited for fewer hours:

Hours worked
2 0 0 -4 9 9 ------5 0 0 -7 9 9 ------8 0 0 -1 ,0 9 9 -—
1,100 or more

Service credit
0.25
.50
.75
1.00

year
year
year
year

Added: For purpose of pension benefit only, provision for credited ser­
vice extended to em ployees with 2 years' or more seniority whose job
was eliminated and who did not refuse a job he was physically able to
perform. Provision that em ployee did not lose credited service, upon
plant shutdown, if em ployed in another company plant within 1 year of
layoff date, continued.
Agreement provided for lowering retirement age benefits would not in­
crease company contributions and Internal Revenue Service would
approve change for tax purposes. Change in age requirement was
adopted.
Increased: Company con tributio n—to 4 percent of gross payrolls.

Employee rehired at the same plant not more than 10 years after a pre­
vious employment and who had 5 years of continuous service during
previous em ployment was allow ed his total company service if he
worked for a continuous 5-year period which began on o r after Oct. 1,

Table 3.

Continued— Supplementary compensation practices’
Effective date

Applications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Provision
Pension plan— Ccmtinued

O c t. 1, 1 9 6 6 — C o n tin u e d

Increased: Total and permanent dis­
ab ility benefit— to $2 a month for
each year of cre dited service, up
to 30 years. (Benefit continued to
be identical with normal retirement
b e nefit for em ployee s w ith 15
years of service, regardless of
age.)

Oct. 1, 1967 (agreements of above
date)

Jan. 1, 1969 (agreements dated Oct.
1, 1968)

Oct. 1, 1969 (agreements of above
date)

Dec. 1, 1970 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1970)

Dec. 1, 1971 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1970)

Nov. 1, 1972 (agreements of Sept.
29, 1972)

Nov. 1, 1973 (agreements of Sept.
29, 1972)

Nov. 1, 1974 (agreements of Sept.
30, 1974)

Nov. 1, 1975 (agreements of Sept.
30, 1974)

Nov. 1, 1976 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1976)

Nov. 7, 1977 (agreements of Oct. 1,
1976)

Increased: Normal and d is a b ility
retirement benefits—to $2.25 a
month for each year of credited
service, up to 30 years.
Increased: Normal and d is a b ility
re tire m e n t b e n e fits — m axim um
number of years that could be used
in c o m p u tin g b e n e fit w as in ­
creased to 35 years.
Increased: Normal and d is a b ility
retirement benefits—to $2.50 a
month for each year of credited
service.
Increased: Normal and d is a b ility
retirement benefits—to $2.75 a
month for each year of credited
service. Maximum number of years
of credited service for pension
cre dits raised to 40, raising the
maximum pension benefit to $110
a month.
Increased: Normal and d is a b ility
re tire m e n ts b e n e fits — to $3 a
month for each year of credited
service.
Eliminated: Maximum on the number
of years that could be used in com ­
puting retirement benefits.
Changed: Em ployee w ith vested
pension right entitled to receive
deferred pension at age 62.
Increased: Normal and d is a b ility
retirement benefits—to $3.25 a
month for each year of credited
service.
Increased: Normal and d is a b ility
retirement benefits—to $3.50 a
month for each year of credited
service.
Increased: Normal and d is a b ility
retirement benefits—to $3.75 a
month for each year of credited
service.
Changed: Full vested rights after 10
years of service regardless of age,
in com pliance with requirements of
the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974.
Increased: Normal and d is a b ility
retirement benefits—to $4 a month
for each year of credited service.

1966. Total company service included only the last previous em ploy­
ment of at least 5 years. The amount of the benefit for each year of ser­
vice was the amount in effect when each year was credited.

Company contribution— 4.25 percent of gross payroll Normal and dis­
ability retirement payments were increased to $1.75 a month for each
year of cre dited service or retirees who received a pension of $1.25
or $1.50 a month for each year of service before Oct. 1, 1967. This
provision did not apply to those who received a vested pension. The
pension plan was amended so that there would be no further increase
in the pension payments to previously retired employees.
Not applicable to those who terminated employment with a vested pen­
sion right.
Added: All time spent by em ployee in m ilitary service after 1957 to be
counted as service cre dited in com puting pension.

Not applicable to those who terminated employment with a vested pen­
sion right before Nov. 1, 1 972.

Not applicable to those who terminated employment with a vested pen­
sion right before Nov. 1, 1 972.
Not applicable to persons holding vested pension rights who left com ­
pany before Nov. 1, 1972.
Not applicable to those who terminated employment with a vested pen­
sion right before Nov. 1, 1974.

Not applicable to those who terminated employment with a vested pen­
sion right before Nov. 1, 1974.

Not applicable to those who terminated employment with a vested pen­
sion right before Nov. 1, 1975.

Bereavement pay
Oct. 1, 1966 (agreements of same
date)

Established: Up to 2 days of paid
leave (16 s c h e d u le d w o rkin g
hours) at regular average hourly
rate provided employee attending
funeral of member of immediate
family.

See footnotes at end of table




14

Immediate family included husband, wife, son, daughter, father, mother,
brother, sister, father-in-law , and mother-in-law.

Table 3. Continued— Supplementary compensation practices
Effective date

l

Applications, exceptions, and other
related matters

Provision
Bereavement pa y— Continued

Oct. 1, 1968 (agreements of same
date)

Nov. 1, 1970 (agreements dated Oct.
1, 1970)

Oct. 1, 1974 (agreements of Sept.
30, 1974)

Changed: 2 days off with pay to a t­
tend funeral of em ployee's hus­
band, wife, son, daughter, father,
mother, brother, or sister (includ­
ing those legally adopted); 1 day
off with pay to attend funeral of
father-in-law, m other-in-law, step­
father, or step-m other (also in­
cluded ha lf-bro ther, h a lf-siste r,
step-brother, or step -sister if they
were living in or were brought up in
the same house w ith the employee).
Changed: 3 days off with pay, provid­
ing that a funeral for an immediate
relative falls on a Tuesday, W ed­
nesday, Thursday, or Friday and
the employee is scheduled to work
on both the day before and the day
after the funeral.
Changed: 3 days' pay in the event of
funeral of an immediate relative.

Applied to all Boot and Shoe W orkers' locals and some of United Shoe
W orkers’ locals.
If funeral was on Saturday or Sunday, employee could request time off
with pay for w orkday preceding or follow ing day of funeral.

If the funeral takes place on Monday, em ployee may take both Monday
and Tuesday off with pay.

Number of days off from w ork based on individual em ployee s require­
ments, rather than being specified in the agreement. Continued to
receive 1 paid day off for attending funeral of certain other relatives.

Severance pay
Oct. 1, 1968 (agreements of same
date)

Established: In the event of a perma­
nent plant closing, em ployee with
15 years of service or more to be
paid $30 for each year of service,
up to a maximum of 30 years
(minimum $450, maximum $900).
An em ployee who is absent in excess of 18 months from the date the
closing announced is inelig ib le to receive severance pay.

Oct. 1, 1970 (agreements of same
date)

'The last entry under each item represents the most recent change.
2Defined as a schedule regularly exceeding 8 hours a day and including
work outside of schedule for factory workers.
3Some plants deviated from the general plan.
"Since 1948, the company provided life insurance coverage for
em ployees ineligible for pension benefits because they lacked 1 5 years’
credited service but who were (1) 65 years old or (2) 60 but not yet 65 and
unable to perform available work to which they were entitled. The in­




surance coverage was provided under the same electio n and contribution
provisions as for other retirees: (1) For a period equal to the em ployee's
length of service, if less than 10 years; or (2) for life, if em ployee had 10
years' or.more continuous credited service.
HJnder the “ area c o s t” method, insurance covered the full cost of a
sem iprivate room at the rate charged by the hospital regardless of the area
in which it was located

15

Appendix: Wage Progression
Schedules for Selected Jobs

The following are examples of the wage progression
schedules for two jobs at the company’s Springfield, Il­
linois plant, * effective October 1, 1958, and September
3, 1963, under contracts negotiated with the Boot and
Shoe Workers’ Union.

The following are examples of daywork progression
schedules for workers in cutback shoes, only, in the
company’s Marshall, Mississippi plant under contracts
negotiated with the Boot and Shoe Workers’ Union.
Hourly rate

October 1, 1958
Cutback shoes
Minimum................................................................
After 4 w e e k s ........................................................
After 8 w e e k s........................................................
After 12 w ee k s.....................................................
After 16 w ee k s.....................................................
After 20 w ee k s.....................................................
After 24 w ee k s.....................................................
After 28 w ee k s.....................................................
After 32 w ee k s.....................................................
Maximum * * ..........................................................

Hourly rate
M inim um ................... ..
After 4 w e e k s ...........
After 8 w e e k s ...........
After 12 w e e k s .........
After 16 w e e k s .........
After 20 w e e k s ........
After 24 w e e k s .........
After 28 w e e k s ........
After 32 w e e k s ........
After 36 w e e k s ........
After 40 w e e k s ........
After 44 w e e k s ........
After 48 w e e k s .........
After 52 w e e k s .........
After 56 w e e k s .........
After 60 w e e k s .........
After 64 w e e k s .........
After 68 w e e k s .........
After 72 w e e k s .........
After 76 w e e k s .........
After 80 w e e k s .........
After 84 w e e k s .........
After 88 w e e k s .........
After 92 w e e k s .........
After 96 w e e k s .........
After 100 weeks . . . .
After 104 weeks .. . .
After 108 weeks . . . .
Maximum **............... ..

$1.15
1.175
1.20
1.225
1.25
1.275
1.30
1.325
1.35
1.535

Back shoe boy (lasting department)
Minimum................................................................
After 4 w e e k s .......................................................
After 8 w e e k s .......................................................
After 12 w ee k s.....................................................
Maximum * * ..........................................................

1.15
1.175
1.20
1.225
1.265

September 3, 1963
Cutback shoes
Minimum................................................................
After 4 w e e k s .......................................................
After 8 w e e k s .......................................................
After 12 w ee k s.....................................................
After 16 w ee k s.....................................................
After 20 w ee k s.....................................................
After 24 w ee k s.....................................................
After 28 w ee k s.....................................................
After 32 w ee k s.....................................................
After 36 w ee k s.....................................................
After 40 w ee k s.....................................................
After 44 w ee k s.....................................................
M axim um **..........................................................

Hourly rate
$1.25
1.275
1.30
1.325
1.35
1.375
1.40
1.425
1.45
1.475
1.50
1.525
1.635

M inim um ................... ..
After 4 w e e k s ...........
After 8 w e e k s ...........
After 12 w e e k s .........
After 16 w e e k s .........
After 20 w e e k s .........
After 24 w e e k s ........
After 28 w e e k s ........
After 32 w e e k s ........
After 36 w e e k s ........
After 40 w e e k s ........
After 44 w e e k s ........

Back shoe boy (lasting department)
Minimum................................................................
After 4 w e e k s .......................................................
After 8 w e e k s .......................................................
After 12 w ee k s.....................................................
Maximum * * ..........................................................




1.25
1.275
1.30
1.325
1.365
16

Feb.
1967

Feb.
1968

Dec.
1968

$1.40
1.425
1.45
1.475
1.50
1.525
1.55
1.575
1.60
1.62

$1.60
1.625
1.65
1.675
1.70
1.725
1.75 '
1.76

$1.60
1.625
1.65
1.675
1.70
1.725
1.75
1.775
1.80
1.825
1.85
1.875
1.90
1.91
-

-

-

-

$1.72

-

$1.84

-

-

$2.01

Dec.
1969

Dec.
1970

Dec.
1971

$1.60
1.625
1.65
1.675
1.70
1.725
1.75
1.775
1.80
1.825
1.85
1.875

$1.60
1.625
1.65
1.675
1.70
1.725
1.75
1.775
1.80
1.825
1.85
1.875

$1.60
1.625
1.65
1.675
1.70
1.725
1.75
1.775
1.80
1.825
1.85
1.875

(Continued on next page)

After
After
After
After
After
After
After
After
After
After
After
After
After
After
After
After

48 w e e k s .........
52 w e e k s ........
56 w e e k s ........
60 w e e k s .........
64 w e e k s ........
68 w e e k s .........
72 w e e k s .........
76 w e e k s ........
80 w e e k s ........
84 w e e k s .........
88 w e e k s .........
92 w e e k s .........
96 w e e k s .........
100 weeks . . . .
104 weeks . . . .
108 weeks . . . .

Maximum **..................




Dec.
1969

Dec.
1970

Dec.
1971

NOTE: Dashes indicate periods during which no change
takes place in the worker’s rate.

1.90
1.925
1.95
1.975
2.00
2.02

1.90
1.925
1.95
1.975
2.00
2.025
2.05
2.075
2.10
2.125
2.15
2.175

1.90
1.925
1.95
1.975
2.00
2.025
2.05
2.075
2.10
2.125
2.15
2.175
2.20
2.225
2.25
2.27
2.49

*The Springfield, Illinois (Boot and Shoe Workers) plant,
used previously to show examples of the daywork progres­
sion schedule, was closed in May 1964.

-

-

-

2.16

.
2.34

**Daywork operators received at least automatic in­
creases according to the schedule up to the first figure that
equaled or exceeded 75 percent effective in 1970 (66 2/3
percent in 1963 and 50 percent before 1963) of the
difference between the minimum rate and the maximum rate
of the job. When daywork operators showed that they were
fully qualified and satisfactorily performed the job, they
would receive the full job rate (maximum) regardless of
time.

17

Wage Chronologies Available

The following wage chronologies are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, or from the regional offices of the
Bureau of Labor Statistics listed on the inside back cover. Some publications are out of print and
not available from the Superintendent of Documents but may be obtained, as long as supplies are
available, from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or from the Bureau’s
regional offices. Out-of-print items also may be available for reference in leading public, college,
or university libraries.
Before July 1965, basic wage chronologies and their supplements were published in the
Monthly Labor Review and released as Bureau reports. Wage chronologies published later are
available only as bulletins (and their supplements). Summaries of general wage changes and new
or changed working practices are added to bulletins as new contracts are negotiated.
The Boeing Company (Washington Plants) and Inter­
national Association of Machinists—
June 1936-Sept. 1977, BLS Bulletin 1895
1977-80, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1895
Commonwealth Edison Co. of Chicago and Interna­
tional Brotherhood of Electrical Workers—
Oct. 1945-Mar. 1974, BLS Bulletin 1808
197478, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1808
Dan River Inc. and the Textile Workers (UTWA)—
1943-76, BLS Bulletin 1934
FMC Corp., Chemical Group—Fiber Div. and the
TWUA—
Nov. 1945-May 1977, BLS Bulletin 1924
1977-79, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1924
Federal Employees under the General Schedule Pay
System—
July 1924-Oct. 1974, BLS Bulletin 1870
197577, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1870
Firestone Tire and Rubber Co. and B.F. Goodrich Co.
(Akron Plants)—
1937-73, BLS Bulletin 1762
Apr. 1973-Apr. 1976, Supplement to BLS Bulletin
1762
Ford Motor Co. and the Auto Workers—
June 1941-Sept. 1973, BLS Bulletin 1787
Vol. II, 1973-79, BLS Bulletin 1994
International Harvester Co. and the Auto Workers—
Feb. 1946-Sept. 1976, BLS Bulletin 1887
International Paper Co., Southern Kraft Division—
Dec. 1937-May 1973, BLS Bulletin 1788
June 1973-May 1977, Supplement to BLS Bulletin
1788
International Shoe Co., the Shoe Workers, and the
Boot and Shoe Workers, 1945-78, BLS Bulletin

Aluminum Co. of America with United Steelworkers of
America and Aluminum Workers International
Union—
Nov. 1939-1974, BLS Bulletin 1815
Feb. 1974-May 1977, Supplement to BLS Bulletin
1815
The Anaconda Co. ^Montana Mining Div.) and the
Steelworkers—
1941-77, BLS Bulletin 1953
1977-80, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1953
Armour and Co.—
1941-72, BLS Bulletin 1682
Sept. 1973-Aug. 1979, Supplement to BLS
Bulletin 1682
A.T. & T.—Long Lines Department and Communica­
tions Workers of America—
Oct. 1940-July 1974, BLS Bulletin 1812
July 1974-Aug. 1977, Supplement to BLS Bulletin
1812
Atlantic Richfield (former Sinclair Oil facilities) and
the Oil Workers—
1941-77, BLS Bulletin 1915
1977-79, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1915
Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. and the Textile Workers
(TWUA)—
June 1943-Apr. 1975, BLS Bulletin 1849
1975-78, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1849
Bethlehem Steel Corp. (Shipbuilding Department) and
the IUMSW—
June 1941-Aug. 1975, BLS Bulletin 1866
1975-78, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1866
Bituminous Coal Mine Operators and United Mine
Workers of America—
Oct. 1933-Nov. 1974, BLS Bulletin 1799
1974-77, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1799




2010
18

Pacific Maritime Association and the 1LWU—
Lockheed—California Co. (Division of Lockheed
Aircraft Corp.) and Machinists’ Union—
1934-78, BLS Bulletin 1960
Mar. 1937-Oct. 1977, BLS Bulletin 1904
Railroads—Nonoperating Employees—
1977-80, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1904
1920-62, BLS Report 208'
Martin Marietta Aerospace and the Auto Workers—
Rockwell International (Electronics, North American
Mar. 1944-Nov. 1975, BLS Bulletin 1884
Aircraft/Space Operations) and UAW—
1975-78, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1884
May 1941-Sept. 1977, BLS Bulletin 1893
Massachusetts Shoe Manufacturers and the Shoe
United States Steel Corporation and United Steel­
Workers
workers of America—
1945-79, BLS Bulletin 1993
Mar. 1937-Apr. 1974, BLS Bulletin 1814
New York City Laundries and the Clothing Workers—
May 1974-July 1977, Supplement to BLS Bulletin
Nov. 1945-Nov. 1975, BLS Bulletin 1845
1814
1975-78, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1845
Greyhound Lines, Inc. (Western States) and the Transit
North Atlantic Longshoremen—
Union and the Machinists—
1934-71, BLS Bulletin 1736
1945-67, BLS Bulletin 1595'
1971- 77, Supplement to Bulletin 1736 (Titled,
1968-77, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1595
Council of North Atlantic Shipping Associations
Western Union Telegraph Co. and the Telegraph
and the 1LA, 1971-77)
Workers and the Communications Workers—
Pacific Coast Shipbuilders and Various Unions—
1943-76, BLS Bulletin 1927
1941-77, BLS Bulletin 1982
1976-79, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1927
Pacific Gas and Electric Co.—
'Out of print. See Directory o f Wage Chronologies, 1948-June
1943-72, BLS Bulletin 1761
1977. for Month Labor Review issue in which reports and supple­
1972- 79, Supplement to BLS Bulletin 1761
ments issued before July 1965 appeared.




19

-& U .S . GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 197S—0 -2 9 7 -4 5 8

International Comparisons of Unemployment
Americans can make valid
comparisons of U.S. unemploy­
ment rates with those of other
industrial countries by using this
168-page bulletin. The study
adjusts foreign unemployment
rates to U.S. concepts for the
period from 1959 through late

A concluding chapter investi­
1977. It also includes data on
gates
many of the reasons why
labor force, employment,
participation rates, employment- international unemployment
population ratios, and unemploy­ rates differ so widely even after
ment by age and sex for the
adjustment for definitional dif­
ferences. The bulletin includes
United States, Canada, Austra­
15 charts.
lia, Japan, France, Germany,
Great Britain, Italy, and Sweden.

Order form
Mail to Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Office nearest you, see inside back cover, or
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Bureau of Labor Statistics
Regional Offices

Region I
1603 JFK Federal Building
G overnm ent Center
Boston. Mass 02203
Phone: (617) 223-6761

Region IV
1371 Peachtree Street. NE
Atlanta. Ga 30309
Phone: (404) 881-4418

Region V
Region II
S uite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York. N Y 10036
P h o n e :(212) 399-5405

Region III
3535 M arket Street
P O Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa 19101
Phone: (215) 596-1154




9th Floor
Federal O ffice B uilding
230 S Dearborn Street
Chicago, III 60604
Phone: (312)353-1880

Regions VII and VIII*
911 Walnut S treet
Kansas City, Mo 64106
Phone: (816) 374-2481

Regions IX and X**
450 G olden Gate Avenue
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif 94102
Phone: (415) 556-4678

Region VI
Second Floor
555 G riffin Square Building
Dallas, Tex. 75202
Phone: (214) 749-3516

* Regions VII and VIII are serviced
by Kansas City
“ Regions IX and X are serviced
by San Francisco