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WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION
DIVISION OF SOCIAL RESEARCH
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Part II - The Occupational Characteristics of Workers
on Relief in 79 Cities
May 1934
BY
KATHERINE D. WOOD
RESEARCH MONOGRAPH
IV
WASHINGTON
ltH
0 - U. I. eon••···' PIUNTINe o,r1n1 1117
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WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION
HARRY L. HOPKINS, Administrator
CORRINGTON GILL
HOWARD 8 MYERS, Oinclor
Assislanf Admlnisfrolor
Oir,is,on of Social Rt1$,arch
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LBTTBR OF TRANSMITTAL
VORIS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION
Washington, D. C., November 30, 1936
Sir:
I herewith transait Part II of a report on the occupational
characteristics of urban workers on relief in 79 cities in Ha;,
193", presenting data for each of the cities. This detailed
presentation of cit7 data is designed to bring out the variety
of problems created b7 different local conditions which are so
i■portant to public polic7 in the administration of relief or
other fol'IIS of public assistance.
This report was prepared under the general direction of
Howard B. Hyers, Director of the Division of Social Research
of the Worts Progress Ada1nistration. Gladys L. Palmer acted
as consultant on plans for anal.7sis, and in editing the report.
Bdi tori al assistance was also given bJ John N. Webb, Coordinator
of Urban Research. Ia addition to the work of those whose contribution was acknowledged in the letter of transmittal of Part
I, the technical assistance of a number of persons has been valuable, including Catherine Ha,es,RebeccaPfeffeman, and Gertrude
Bancroft. The report was prepared by Katherine D. Wood.
Respectfull7 submitted,
CORRINGTON GILL
Asststant Adnltntstrator
Bon. BARRY L. HOPlINS
Nora PrO,ress Adatntstrator
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CONTENTS
Page
Introduction • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • xiii
Summary of Findings • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • xvii
Chapter 1. Extent and Oiaracter of the Relief Problem in
the 79 Cities. • • • • • • • • • • • • •
1
Incidence of Relief. • • • • • • • • •
1
Characteristics of Families or Households on Relief • • • • • • • •
q
Chapter 2. The Socio-economic Class of the Usual Occupation and the Usual Industry of Workers on
Relief in the 79 Ci ties • • • • • • • • •
17
Socio-economic Class of the Usual Occupation of Workers on Relief • •
18
Industries in Which Workers on Relief
Were Usually FJnployed. • • • •
22
Chapter 3. Major Occupational Characteristics of Unemployed Workers on Relief in the 79 Ci ties
31
Usual Occupation of Unemployed Workers
31
on Relief • • • • • • • • • • •
Age of Unemployed Workers on Relief. •
q1
Duration of Unemployment Since Last Job
of ij Weeks or Hore at Usual Occupation. •
qq
Appendices
A. Schedule • • • • • •
• • •
!57
B. Definitions and Occupational Classifications • • • • • •
61
C. Supplementary Tables
70
Index •••
293
Text Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Geographic Area, Population in 1930, General
Economic Character, and Important Industries
in 79.Cities • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Distribution of 79 Cities by Ratio of Persons
on Relief Hay 193q to All Persons 1930. •
Ratio of Negro Households to All Households on
Relief Hay 193q and Ratio in the 1930 Population, q6 Selected Cities. • • • • • • •
xv
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CONTENTS
Text Tables-Conttnued
Page
Table
"· Ratio of Households of Other Races to All Households on Relief Ma7 193" and Ratio in the
1930 Population, Bight Selected Cities....
Table 5. Distribution of 79 Cities bJ Ratio of One-person
Families to All Relief Families, Ma7 193".
Table 6. Distribution of 79 Cities bJ Ratio of Faailies
With Female Heads to All Faailies on Relief,
May 193'1. . . • . • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • .
Table 7. Distribution of 79 Cities b7 Ratio of Households
Having no Employable Members to All Relief
Households, Ha7 193"......................
Table 8. Distribution of 79 Cities by Ratio of Yorkers
in the Various Socio-econ01tic Classes to
All Workers on Relief b7 Sex, Hay 193"....
Table 9. Ratio of Unemplo7ed Workers Fr01t Manufacturing
and Mechanical Occupations to Total Uneaployed Workers on Relief Hay 193" and Gainful Workers in These Occupations to Total
Gainful Workers in 1930 in Cities of Cwer
25,000 Population.........................
Table 10. Distribution of 79 CitiesbyRatioofUne11plo7ed
Workers in Six Largest Occupations to All
Unemployed Workers on Relief, May 193ti....
Table 11. Twenty-nine Specialized Ci ties b7 Proportion of
Unemployed Workers on Relief May 193" and
of Gainful Workers in the General Population
1930 in Characteristic Occupations........
Table 12. Distribution of 79 Cities by the Median Age of
Unemployed Workers on Relief by Sex, May
193'1. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Table 13. Distribution of 78 Ci ties in Which Unemployed
W011en Workers on Relief in Ma, 193" Were
Younger on the Average Than Men, by the Number of Years Difference in Median Age of
Bach Sex..................................
Table lti. Forty Cities in Which the Median• Age of Uneaployed Workers on Relief in Hay 193" Was
Higher Than That of Gainful Workers in 1930
Table 15. Eighteen Cities in Which the Median Age of Unemplo7ed Workers on Relief in May 193" Was
Lower Than That of Gainful Workers in 1930
Table 16. Distribution of 79 Cities by the Median Duration
of Unemployment Since Last Job at Usual Occupation of Workers on Relief, May 193"...
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8
9
13
20
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37
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CONTENTS
ix
Text Tables-Conttnued
Page
Table 17. Range of Median Duration of Unemployment Since
Last Job at Usual Occupation by Type of City
in 79 Cities, Hay 193"....................
Table 18. Range of Median Duration of Unemployment Since
Last Job at Usual Occupation by City Size
and the Median for Each Size Group, 79 Cities, Hay 193q.............................
Table 19. Distribution of 79 Ci ties by Proportion of Workers Unemployed Less Than 1 Year and 10 Years
and Over, Hay 193". • . • • • • • • • . • . • . . • • • • • . • .
q9
q9
50
Charts
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
l. Ratio of Persons on Relief Hay 193q to Total
Population 1930 in 79 Cities..............
2. Ratio of White Households to All Households on
Relief in 79 Cities, Hay 193q.............
3. Ratio of One-person Families to All Families on
Relief in 79 Cities, Hay 193q.............
q. Ratio of Families With Female Heads to All Families on Relief in 79 Cities, Hay 193q....
,. Ratio of Households Raving No Fmployable Members
to All Households on Relief in 79 Ci ties,
10
Hq 193q..................................
15
6. Socio-economic Class of Usual Occupation of
Workers 16 Tears of Age and Over on Relief
in 79 Cities, Hay 193"....................
7. Ratio of Building Workers to All Workers on Relief in 79 Cities, May 193"...............
8. Median Duration of UnemploJ!llent Since Last Usual
Occupation of Workers on Relief in 79 Cities,
May 193Q ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■■■■■■■ I ■■■■■■
I■
I
I
I
I
I
3
,
12
21
25
"'
Appendix C Tables
Table
1. Ratio of Persons on Relief Hay 193q to Total
Population 1930 in 79 Cities..............
2. Race of Households on Relief Hay 193q and of
Households in the 1930 Population.........
Table 3. Ratio of One-person Families to All Families on
Relief and the Sex Distribution of One-person Families in 79 Ci ties, Hay 193q.......
Table "· Ratio of F•ilies With Female Heads to All Relief Families in 79 Ci ties, Hay 193q......
70
Table
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CONTENTS
Appendix C Tables-Conttnued
Table ;. Relief Households by llllplo,aent Status of He111bers 16-6q Years of Aiie in 79 Cities, May
19311. • . . . . • • • . . . • • . • • • • . • • . • • • . . • • • . • • • . • .
Table 6. Median Number of Members a11.d Yorkers Per Relief
Household of Two or More Members in 79 Cities, Ma.7 193" •••••.••••.•• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Table 7. Socio-econ011ic Class of Usual Occupation of
Beads of Faailies on Relief in 79 Ci ties,
Ma1 193". • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . • • . • • • •
Table 8. Ratio of Beads of Faailies Yi thout Work Experience to All Beads of Relief Faailies ia 79
Cities, M&J 193£'. .• . . . .. . . . . • . . .. . . . . . . . ..
Table 9, Socio-economic Class of Usual Occupation of
Workers on Relief in 79 Cities, May 19"'··
Table 10. Socio-econ011ic Class of Usual Occupation of Male
Workers on Relief ia 79 Cities, Hay 193",.
Table 11. Socio-econ011ic Class of Usual Occupatioa of
Feule Workers on Relief la 79 Cities, May
193"-........................ . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 12. Industry of Workers on Relief May 193'1 and of
Gainful Workers 1930 in 79 Cities.........
Table 13. Uneaployed Workers on Relief May l93'J by Occupation, Race, and Sex and All Gainfnl Workers in General Population 1930 by Occupation. (Table for each of 79 Cities.).......
Table lq, Unemployed Yorkers on Relief in May 1934 and
Gdnfnl Workers in the General Population
of 1930 in Six Selected Occupations in 79
78
8()
82
8"
86
88
~
92
104
Ci ties....................................
26,
Table 15. Median Age of Uneaployed Yorkers on Relief, May
193q and of All Gainful Yorkers in the General Population 1930 by Sex in 79 Cities..
Table 16. Age of Unemployed Yorkers on Relief May 193"
and of All Gainful Workers in General Population l930bySex ia CitiesofOver 2!5,000
268
Population................................
270
Table 17. Duration of Une111ployaent Since Last Job at Usual
Occupation of Ken on Relief in 79 Cities,
Ma1 193'1 • •••••••••••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
28()
May 193'i-. • • • . • . • • . . • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
282
Table 19, Median Duration of Unemployaent Since Last Job
at Usual Occupation of Yorkers on Relief by
Race and Sex in 79 Cities, Hay 193£',......
2aq
Table 18. Dur11tion of Unenaployaent Since Last Job at Usual
Occupation of Yoaen on Relief in 79 Cities,
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xi
Appendix C Tables-Continued
Page
Table 20. Median Duration of Unemployment Since Last Job
at Usual Occupation of Hen on Relief by Hain
Occupational Group, 79 Cities, Hay 193q...
Table 21. Median Duration of Unemplo1111ent Since Last Job
at Usual Occupation of Women on Relief by
Main Occupational Group in 79 Ci ties, May
193",......................................
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INTRODUCTION
A description of the purpose and method of the Survey of
Urban Workers on Relief in Hay 193q has been included in Part I
of this report. The analysis in Part I is based mainly upon
data representing the aggregate of 79 cities in terms of a
weighted Stlllllll&t'J referred to .as the "Urban Relief Sample." The
second part of the report presents selected data for each of
the 79 cities in which the survey was made in order to show the
range and significance in city differences, and to relate these
to the size and industrial background of the cities. Although
city differences are probably also connected with local relief
policies, no attempt is made in this report to describe the local relief problem in each city studied.
The major emphasis of the study, as stated in Part I, is on
the occupational characteristics of the workers on relief in
urban areas. These characteristics must be viewed against the
background of the social characteristics of the relief population of which the workers are a part, and for which they are
normally the means of support. Consequently, the first chapter
of Part II deals with some of the more important family characteristics, and a simple measurement of the incidence of relief in the individual communities. Against this background of
relevant facts concerning families on relief, and the intensity
of relief in each city, chapters II and III describe the variations in· occupational characteristics and industrial origins
of workers on relief, their age and duration of unemployment.
The occupations and industries referred to throughout the
discussion of both occupational and industrial origins of workers on relief are those in which these persons were usually employed, which may or may not have been the ones in which they
last worked. Duration of unemployment as presented in chapter
III is measured from the last job of q weeks or more at the
usual occupation. 1 For most workers the last job of q weeks
or more at the usual occupation was, in fact, the last joh of
any type lasting at least a month.
1Duratlon or unnplo111ent wu also aeuured rroa 1a1t non-relld Job or •
or ■ ore, but no tabulation or thla was ■ ad, tor lndlTldual clt1111.
ror a CDIIP&l'laon or the t1110 aeaaur•enta ror the Urban R,11,t Suple, •••
Part I• PP, 42-~.
•••Ir.•
xiii
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
The 79 cities rep~esent a wide variet7of econOlllic or industrial backgrounds, are widel7 distributed geographicall7, and
range in size from 10,000 population to over 1,0CX>,<XX:>. 1 Table
l on pages xv-xvi indicates for each ci t7 its location, its size
in 1930, and its jleneral economic character and chief indlrstry.
The cities are classified into four broad econoaic tJPes according to the distribution by industry of 2.ainful workers in
the 1930 population. The first group, c01111ercial cities, are
those in which a relatively small proportion of gainful workers
were in manufacturing and mechanical industries, and in which
a relativel7 large proportion, 30 percent or over, were in trade
and transportation and communication. The second group, diversified manufacturing cities, are those in which the proportion
of workers in manufacturing and mechanical industries was relatively high but no one sub-group of industries accounted for
as much as 20 percent of the gainful workers. The specialized
manufacturing cities are those in which 20 percent or more of
gainful workers in 1930 were in one sub-group of manufacturing
industries t such as textiles or iron and steel); and the mining
cities are those in which 20 percent or more were in extraction
of minerals. The one ci tJ which does not fit into an7 of these
four groups is Washington, D. C., where public service predolinates. The classification is thus arbitrary, and gives at
best a very broad picture of the t7Pes of cities included in
the surve7, but facilitates the analysis of data b7 t7pe of
city.
For each of the major social or econoaic characteristics of
the relief problem in the 79 cities surve7ed, the following discussion presents the range of city differences in contrast to
the averages for all cities combined; the central tendencies
toward similarit7 among cities, if sucb exist; and comparisons
with the usuall7 gainful17 occupied populations, if these are
available. The pattern of differences in the characteristics
of the relief population in the cities studied is related to
city-size, location, and economic t7Pe, where these appear to
be important.
2.rne total rellet case load or Na., 1936 wu ••Pled 1n dUtereot proportions in the dltterent cltles according to alu or cltY, The tlgurea ln
the text and appendll tables, howeYer, represent the entire cue load tor
eacn clty, and ware arrived at l>Y aultlplyina the orlalnal data by the
sapllng ratlo used in eacn ctty. Io all appendl1 tal>lea the cltlea are
arranged ln &1pbal>et1cal order so as to tacllltate c011parlaooa tor tbe
SUie city ln seYeral tables. ror rurtber diacuaaloo or th• aapllna teehnlque, sea Part I, pp. 1•11-111.
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INTRODUCTION
ff
Table 1-Qcx;JIAFHIC lREl, POl'l'l,lTIOIO IN 1930, G(N[RAL [Ctl'IOIIC CHARACTER,
AIIO IMP(JHANT INOL'STRIES IN 79 CITIES
CITY MO STATE
GEOGRAPHIC
POPULATION
GENEAAl ECONOWI C
ARO,•
IN 19.,C:,
CM~ACTEA
lltron, O,io
Albu(l.lerque, N. lileJt,
Ansonia, Conn.
Central
Weste-rn
At I anta, Ga.
Souttiem
Southern
Cc,,,,,erc i ,1
19.A9A Speci,1lized mfQ,
270,366 c-erci•I
B04,87' Oiversified,afg.
Bi rwiinoti9'1, Ala.
Centro I
Southern
Sou then,
U .A~O
2S9,684
Boston, Mass.
[,ntern
Baltimore. Md.
Beoton H.,rt,or, Mich.
Biloxi, Wi!.5.
[l!lstern
Bowlirig Grttn, Ky.
Southern
8ri1gepo,-t, Conn.
Buffalo, N, Y,
8<,rl i"9ton, Vt.
Butte. IAont.
Charleston, S, C.
Eastern
Ea-.tern
Eastern
West em
South"rn
Chorlotte, N, C.
Chicago, 111.
Southern
Central
Central
Cent ra I
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleveland, O'lio
Derby. Conn,
la stern
Central
#es tern
Central
Southern
Southern
Detroit, Mich.
Dotqlas, Ariz.
Duluth, Winn.
El P05o, Tex.
Enid, Okla.
[vi!nsvi I le, Ind.
Ev~rett, •11sh.
Central
Western
Findlay, Ohio
C.ntral
Fort Wf'!yne, Ind.
Gastonia, N. C.
~ntrl!II
Southern
Gloversville. N, Y,
E:1tslem
Centr.sl
Southern
Central
Hibbing, lifi nn.
Houston, Tew.
lndianapol is, Ind.
Jackson, Wiss.
Joplin, Mo.
KMsas City, Mo.
IC&tnosha, •is,
Kl..,,..th Falls. Oreq.
Lake Chari es,
La.
Lakeland, Fla.
Lexington, Ky.
Li It le Rock, Ari<.
Los Angele,, C~lif,
Lynn, Mass.
lihinchester, N. H.
MarQuet te, '-lich
Mi 1-.muk,e,e, '#i-..
Winne400J is, Minn.
lllinot, N. Dok.
?55,0-0
?6, 570
IS.•~
Specialized nifq.
C""""rc;,1
Spec i a Ii zed mfq.
1'6, 716
573,076
Sc>ec;•l ;,ed ,.fQ,
o;vorsif;ed ,.1 9 .
j9,5)2
Copper naining
llininq
6;/,265 C-rcial
82.675 C""""'rcial
J,}76.•Ja Oiversif;ed ,.fg,
451,lt>O Diversified mfg.
900.429 Specialized mfg,
10.7&8
Diversified mfg.
1,568,662
9.Cll8
Special ;zed ,.fg.
Speciailizied nifq.
C""""'rc; a I
Com-erc,al
C°"""'rdal
101. •6J
102.•21
26,399
Diversified
Sp,,c i•I; zed
Oi-.,~rsified
:ipecial ized
17.093 Specialized
102.249
30,567
19.J63
ll4.9'b
"'fg.
,.fg.
"'fg.
lronaM,tee1 inds. and electrical goods
23.099 Sp,,cial ;zed ,ofg,
Mining
C""""rcial
Diversified i,fg,
C.-..ercial
!,0,262
16,093
Southern
15.791
C""""'rc;al
Special i1ed mfg.
Special ;zed ,.fg.
C""""rcial
18.~
C""""'rcial
Autor"0biles and parts
I.Ulfllber indu,tries
•t>.736 Conmercial
81. 6 79
Cc,,m~rc i a 1
C<Ymoerdal
10.1,320 Special iz@d ,.fg.
1,2311,0.8
76,83•
U,78Y
578.t-49
356
16,09Y
•&1.
Speci•l ;zed ,.fg.
c.,,...,rcial
Speci,il ized n1rg.
C.,.,_rc i • I
Conmerci•I
Oaklond, Cal if
l)shkosh, w;s.
Western
Central
C""""rc ;.1
c""""n: ,.,
129,710 C°""'en:ial
28ol,06J C"""rcial
•0.108 Specialized mfg,
Paterson, N. J.
Portsmouth, N. H.
Providence, R. I.
Eastern
[JJstern
[astern
E1utern
Eastern
SpeciaVized ,.fq.
&6~.817 Diversi ried ,nfg.
IU,810 Com-ercial
U.•% Conmercial
252,981 Special ;zed ,.fg.
Reading, Pa.
Eastern
Rochester, N. Y.
[~o;tern
Centr.t.11
Central
Central
111.171 Spec;a1 ;,ed ,.fg.
3i8.132 Diversified mrg.
Rockford, 111.
~ock Island, Ill.
Sagin!M, tilich
Glove industry
Iron mining
33.•~ C"""'erdal
Southern
Pittsburgh, PA.
Ul'lber industries
Cotton mi 1 ls
New Orlel!lns, La.
N.. York, N. Y.
,.orfollr, V11.
Port land, ._ine
AutC7!10b i I es and parts
Copper smelting
,.fg.
)99,1'6
Southern
Iron and steel industries
mfg.
Ce-ntral
'lies tern
East em
lletal ;nds.{lncluding electr;cat goods)
2•.189 c,,,,...rc;a1
Southern
Central
Centr'll
FishinQ l!lnd fish packing
Oi-.,ersi fied mfo.
Southern
[lJSt4!'m
Centr,11
Cent rJJI
Centr11I
Rubber
Metal e•cept iron and steel
781.!Ell Cc,m,~rc;al
12.~8 Com,ercial
15,666
292.352
364.161
•B.l8l
Southern
Southern
Southern
Western
[astern
1.-,0RfANT INClJSTRI ES
Shoe factories
Cotton mills
Iron and steel industries
•~. 762
s. 930.•'6
138,513
85,864
37,%3
80,llt,
Specialized mfg.
Specialized ,.fg.
Special;zed mfg.
Ullfllber and furniture industries
Silk mills
Meta I exc~pt iron and steel
Knitting mills
Iron and steel indu~tries
Iron and steel industries
Iron anr:t stttl industries
1330M 0-37-2
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URBAN WORIBRS ON RELIEF
xvi
Table 1-GEOGIIAFltlC AREA, FOAJIATUlll IN 19'0, GENERAL ECOIIOIIIC OWIACTER,
ANO lllf'alTAIIT llllUSTRIES IN 79 CITIES-QaU-
CITY ANO STATE
-··
GEOGRAPHIC
St. Louis, llo.
St. Paul. MiM.
Salt !Ake City, Utah
San Diego, Cal if.
San Francisco, Ca Ii f.
Wntern
Schenectady. N, Y.
Shelton, Conn .
Sh-ndoah, Pa .
Ea1tern
Eastern
Eastern
Sioux City. loa
Central
Central
Sioux Falls,
s.
Oak.
Washington, D. C.
Wheeling, •· Va.
Wi I k~s-Barre, Pa.
W;i1'1i ngton, Del.
Central
Central
Wntern
Western
Southem
Scuthem
Casten,
Southen,
POPULATION
IN 19,0
821,960
271,606
140,267
147,99!'>
634,394
95 , 692
10.113
21,782
79, Ill)
33,362
loENERAI. EOONOM IC
OURACTER
IIIPORT •T I NOUS TR I ES
Di""rsi fied 11fg.
C-rcial
Co,litlercial
Cowoerclal
Cofflercial
Special izecl 10fg.
Sc>ecial ized ,.fg.
Mining
C....cial
Electrical ooad•
Plu_,, 111111
Coal 11lning
C-cial
486.869
61,659 DiYersiflld ,afg.
86,626 Mining
106,597 Diversi fled IRfg.
Coal 11lnlng
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
Analysis of most of the data for individual cities reveals
certain homogeneous characteristics in the urban relief population even in various types of cities, but also demonstrates
that qualifications should be introduced into generalizations
made fro■ the urban relief sample as a whole as presented in
Part I. For example, although the modal group of cities tends
to show the sue characteristics as the averages for the urban
suuary, the deviations from the averages for all cities are
frequently very great. The reasons for these variations among
cities in either major occupational or social characteristics
to a certain extent reflect differences in local policies in
the ad1dnistration of relief and the availability of local funds
for various kinds of public assistance. To an even greater
extent, they probably reflect variations in the economic character, location, and size of the cities studied. Perhaps the
economic character is the 1110st important, al though any broad
econ0111ic classification of cities offers at best a very rough
method for testing the differences arising from such a complex
economic phenomenon as industrial characteristics.
In general, it appears that the relief population of cities
which have been classified here as co111111ercial or diversified
■anufacturing possess characteristics 1110re nearly like those
of the urban relief sample as a whole than do the relief popul&tions of specialized types of cities. By reason of their
number and relatbe size, commercial and diversified cities
dominate the sUMary of the 79 cities combined and are perhaps
the ■ost t7.Pical cities in the United States. Specialized manufacturing and lllining cities show the widest range of nriation
fro11 the averages for all cities combined.
This is true of
almost all of the occupational characteristics analyzed by city.
Cities which are classified as specialized manufacturing centers,
for example, had the highest and the lowest average duration
of unellll)lo,aent, and the highest and the lowest median age for
unemployed workers on relief rolls in May 193ij.
Regional patterns in city differences appear to be present
in such characteristics as racial composition and average number of workers per relief household. Apparent regional differences in the average dur&tion of unemployment and the percentage
of unskilled workers to all workers probably reflect the industrial t,pe of ci t7 which is characteristic of a particular
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xviii
URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBF
region. The southern cities, although of various sizes and of
different economic types, appear to have many characteristics
in common with each other, and furnish the best example of the
influence of geographic location on occupatio~al characteristics. The southern cities naturally show a high proportion of
Negroes on relief rolls. Partially as a result of this fact,
southern cities have a higher proportion of W0111en workers than
the average for other regions, and the percentage of unskilled
workers to workers of all types is higher in the South than in
other regions. Theaverage duration of unemplo~nt for southern cities is, with a few exceptions, lower than the average
for cities in the other regions.
The influence of city-size upon the characteristics of the
urban relief population is difficult to measure apart from the
more important regional and industrial background differences.
There was a much higher proportion of specialized manufacturing and mining cities among small cities than 3!110ng larger ones,
the latter being chiefly commercial or diversified manufacturing cent-ers. Obviously the economic type of a city therefore
influences the results so much that a clear-cut picture of the
influence of size of city alone cannot be obtained. Two characteristics nevertheless show some relationship to city-size:
(1) the proportion of clerical workers and (2) duration of unemployment. The proportion of clerical workers to all workers
on relief was lower than average in 1110st of the cities under
50,000 population and higher in the large cities, for example,
in Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco. There is a tendency for the average duration of unemploflllent to be higher for
workers in thelarger cities surveyed than in the smaller ones,
although the smaller cities also showed thewidest range in the
average duration of unemploflllent.
The general findings of the city analysis of employability
characteristics of families on relief in May 193" are in agreement with findings for the urban relief SMple as a whole, in
spite of variations in some cities. Although there is & wide
range in the incidence of relief in the 79 cities, in almost
half of the cities from 10 to lij percent of the population of
1930 was on relief at the time the study was made. Host cities
had a significant proportion of one-person families and families
with female heads, as well as of households with no employable
person as the term is defined in this su"ey. These characteristics appear to show no consistent pattern for cities of different sizes, but show some relationship to geographic location,
and appear to be even more clearly related to economic type of
city. Variations int he number of workers per household reflect
the economic character of the cities studied and the proportion
of women in the normal working population and on relief in these
cities.
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
xii
The racial composition of the relief population in the 79
cities reflects the location of cities as well as the types of
the industries in the different cities. In 11 southern cities
more than 50 percent of the relief population consisted of Negro and other races.
Unemployed workers on relief in most of the cities in which
data are available for comparison with the 1930 working population had a higher average age than that of the working population in 1930, as rlid unemployed workers in the summary for all
cities combined. In one-third of these 60 cities, however, the
average age of unemployed workers on relief in 193'1 was lower
than the average age of gainful workers in these cities in 1930.
There was a IO-year range in the average ages of unemployed
workers on relief in the different cities in May 193'1. The
lowest average age of 30.'I years was reported in Gastonia, North
Carolina, and. the highest of q().3 years in Klamath Falls, Oregon.
The average for the urban relief sample as a whole was 35.2
1ears.
The findings with respect to the nsual occupation and industry and the socio-econ0111ic class of the usual occupation of
workers on relief in the 79 cities also are in general agreement with the findings for the urban relief sample as a whole,
despite the presence of many city Tari at ions that reflect the
econ0111ic character of the cities selected for study. Perhaps
the most interesting variations to be observed occur in the
proportion of workers in the different socio-economic classes
and in the concentration of workers in the six occupations found
to be largest for the relief sample as a who1e. Although unskilled workers 111ake up the largest socio-economic class in alllOSt all cities, the proportion of such workers to all workers
on relief varied considerably from cit:, to city. In the cities
in which the proportion of unskilled workers was relatively low,
one or 1110re of the other socio-economic classes was naturally
higher than average. The varying importance of different socioecon0111ic classes of workers on relief in different cities reflects the industrial or economic characteristics of cities.
Of the 6 largest occupations in the urban relief sample as a
whole, servants ranked first in all but 13 cities; the other 5
occupations were among the 6 largest in fewer cities. Nevertheless, the extent to which the 6 occupations (servants,
chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers, buildinr, and general
laborers, salesmen, carpenters, and painters! recurred among
the largest in a number of cities indicates a marked degree of
similarity among the 79 cities in respect to the occupational
characteristics of workers on relief.
The average duration of une111ployment from the last job at
the usnal occupation for all workers in the urban relief sample
was 27., months. Averages for workers on relief in individual
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URBAN WORIERS ON RELIEF
cities, however, ranged from a low of 6.3 months in Gastonia,
North Carolina, to a high of ij(). l months in Ansonia, Connecticut,
alt hough the majority of city averages fall nearer the average
for all workers in the urban sample. In fact, the median du rat ion of unemployment in 57 cities was from 20 to 35 months.
The highest averages were reported in ■anufacturing cities specializing in iron and steel and other metal products. Worket"S
on relief in the smaller cities reported shorter periods of 011emplo7111ent on the whole than workers in the larger cities, although the range of difference in the median was also greatest
for the smaller cities. Certain regional differences also appear to be significant. For ex•ple, in most of the cities in
the central region the average length of onemplo111ent was higher
than for cities in other regions.
Men were out of work longer than women in all bot 1 of
the 79 cities sunreyed. Men who had formerly been emplo7ed
in the manufacturing and mechanical industries and in mining
reported the longest periods of onemplo111ent. In the occupational group in which .most women on relief bad formerly been
employed, domestic and personal service, the average duration
of unemployment was usually lower than in other occupational
groups. For the 79 cities c011bi11ed, white workers had been
out of work, on the average, longer than Negro workers. When
race differences in duration of une■plo111ent are analyzed by
city, variations in this relationship occur. In about onethird of the cities su"eyed, Negro men had been out of work
longer than white men. The number of cities in which the Negro women had been unemployed longer than white WOlllen was considerably smaller, perhaps too small to be statistically significant.
The pre-depression unemployed are of special importance in
the administration of relief because the7 constitute a group
for whom some plans for public assistance over an extended period will probably be necessarr. In over half of the 79 cities,
15 percent or more of the unemplo7ed men had lost the last job
at their usual occupation previous to May 1929. Over one-fifth
of the men belonged to this group in eight cities: Ansonia,
Connecticut; Sioux City; Iowa; Wheeling, West Virginia; Hibbing,
Minnesota; Portsmouth, New Hampshire; Enid, Oklah011a; Detroit,
Michigan; and Kenosha, Wisconsin. The proportion of women who
reported unemplo7111ent periods that began prior to May 1929 was
slightly larger in most cities than the proportion of men, but
to a large extent these women were probably re-entrants into
the labor market and were not, st rict17 speaking, a part of
the pre-depression unemployed.
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ORBAN WORIBRS ON RELIEF
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Chapter I
EXTENT AND CHARACTER OF THE RELIEF PROBLEM
IN THE 79 CITIES
INCIDENCE OF RKLIEF
One of the first questions asked in connection with the relief problem at any given time is: How many persons are receiving relief? Actual numbers are important, but of perhaps
greater significance is the measurement of the incidence of
relief in relation to the total population of each community.
Unfortunately, any such measurement for individual cities is
at best an approximation. The only available basis for comparison is t be 1930 Census of Population, and it is we 11 known
that the extensive population changes which have occurred since
that date inject the possibility of consider11ble error. In
spite of these population changes, th~ relationship between the
relief population of Hay 193q and the total population of 1930
is, however, presented here as the best available index of the
intensity of relief in the 79 cities. In small cities the margin of error may he great, but in larger cities even what appear to be substantial population shifts would probably not
affect the total population su!f icient ly to invalidate the comparison. 1
The range in the ratio of persons on relief in May 193q to
the total population in 1930 is exceedingly wide among the 79
cities (Table 2). The extremes range from 55 percent of the
total.population on relief in Butte, Mont., where a strike increased the relief load abnormally, to6 percent in Portsmouth,
N. H. However, in q6 percent of the 79 cities, between 10 and
15percent of the popul&tion of 1930 were on relief in May 19~;
and in 73 percent of the cities, between 10 and 20 percent were
on relief. These figures are probably more significant than
an average for the 79 cities, since wide variations in size of
1It should &lao be noted that the flgurea ror total persona on relief ln a
11nn c1t7 aa reportedln tbla 1\1"•1 •&1 dltter alllhtl7 tro11 adalnlatratl'fl report• aa to caae loada ln the aue ■onth due to a certaln aelect1Ylt7 111 the Ch01CI ot C&IIS tor tbla l\lrTIY, Only caau r,cei'flng aaterl&l
r1111t, 1lth1r troa r1d1r&1 la1r1enc1 Reller Ad■ lnlatratlon tunda or troa
State or local tunda tor un1111>lo1111nt rellet, were surveyed, How,.,,r, tb1
total nuaber or caa11 and persona on r1111r tor 1acb clt1 aa reported 1n
thla 1tud1 acr111 aub1tant1&111 wlth the ad■ lnlatratln reports tor tb•
IUe IIIIDtll,
1
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URBAN VORIBRS ON RILIBP
2
ci t1 result in a bias in the direction of the very larae cities
ullless the avera,e is arbltrari11 weighted by sise of cl tJ.
Partheraore, avera,esconceal iaportant ci tJ differences cAppeadh: Table 1) •
Relationship of Size, 8eographlc Location, or Econoalc
Characteristics of CltlH to the Incidence of Relief
No definite pattern deteralned b7 size, 1eo1raphic locatlm,
or t1Pe of ci t1 appears to exist in relation to the ratio of
persons on relief to the reneral population of 1930. If the
79 cities are divided into 14 rroups of equal size on the
basis of the proportion of the population on relief, both large
and small cities are scattered uo11g the 14 groups, that is,
Table 2--0ISTRIBUTll)I CF 79 CITIES BY PERCENT CF ALL PEIISJNS 19)0"
WHO IIERE
PERCENT OF All PEIISOIIS
Total
1)1
RELIEF NAY 19)4
79
Under 5 percent
5 - 9 percent
0
9
10 - 14 peecent
15 - 19 percent
20 - 24 percent
22
8
25
30
35
40
45
50
-
CITIES
29
34
39
44
49
percent
percent
percent
percent
percent
percent or over
PERCENT
100.0
o.o
11.4
45.6
27.8
10.1
36
2.5
0.0
0.0
1.3
0.0
1.3
2
0
0
1
0
1
.,1/N••tl . . . _ o/ , .. latte• ltaN1 ,.,,,. ,_,uletlo,i Wo1- 111. IUU Jate u.
amont those with the highest proportion of the reneral population on relief, aaong those with the lowest, or aaonr the two
htentediate groups. Ci ties fr011 each of ·the four 1eo1rapbic
regions, namel1, eastern, southern, central, and western regions, also fall in each of the foar qdartile 1roaps (Chart U.
Cities of a ~hersified ecoa011ic character S11ch asBaltiaore,
Charleston, and Atlanta appear aaong tlte one-fourth of the 79
cities having the heaviest incidence of relief as do specialized industrial cities such as Batte, Jibnt., Dourlas, Aris.,
and Shenandoah, Pa. At the lower extreae, aaong the one-fourth
with the lowest incidence of relief, are San Francisco, a coamercial ci tJ, and such specialized industrial cities as Detroit,
Mich., Paterson, N. J., Gastonia, N. C., and Gloversville, N. T.
This does ndt mean, however, that econ011ic conditions are not
one of the most important explanations of the extent of relief
in most co1111unities, but rather that an, broad classification
of cities obscures u.ny ci tt cHiferences in this respect. A
llOre intensive stud1 aust be aade! of such characteristics and
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IITBNT AND CBARACTIR OP RBLIIP PROBLIM
........... ,.
,s.'
She••"'4oall, Pa.
25.0
Lahlafld, rla,
2C,5
l i lowi, lfl11.
2),6
Do•tl••• lrir,
Cllarleltofl, S. C.
C) ,9
21. 5
2,.,
•1 ,.
re1101i.a.
,ithlh11r1t1, '••
Z).O
lir•l•t•••• Ala .
c-.arla1, La.
At la1111ta, C. .
La••
22,
11 , 1
Jo,1111, ...
20.1
a.au.,.. ...
22.)
tt.t
haratt, - • • ·
.... o .. , .....
Clewala-,, Ott l o
. . ,., .. , ••• •tell.
hcUord, llt.
ll •
11.,
o........ ....
loch•ttar, I. T,
11,2
17 .1
17,C
17.
17 .2
Sc11a,..ctat1,. ■• T.
el he1-larra, '•·
17.2
17.
Strialto11, Co""•
5io111s ral I 1, S. O.k,
l111ffalo, ,. ,.
le111to" Nar,ar, •lctl,
l7.
11,
16,C
16 .)
St. , •• ,.
11.1
lfiflll,
15 •
Jacllto11, Min.
.... , ...... , ••• '"·
15.
Llttlt ltocli, Ark.
. . . ,., •• ,. ,.
l••·••illa, IN.
15.1
15.5
Ovl ■ th,
Mow ■ t•• •
•i•••
Ta•.
Salt Lalla CIIJ, 11ta•
••1ti i 11111ttP, D. C,
(1
, ••• •
,...
[1111li1 0 .. h .
Lei A•t•I••• Calif.
,ert ■ •1••• l•il.
tll•ot 0 I . Dali.
0
I. Ille•.
••••fl••r••••
leNi111. '••
L,•l'I. ......
.... , '"'· •· va.
le ■ l111to11,
1,.
Ci1111cl1111111li. Ohio
1111•••••1. Wit.
■-- Orle1n1, La.
lock l1le11d. Ill.
Charlou1. I. C.
Fl1111ilh1, Otlio
,,ov l C1e11ce, • · I.
WilalJ19to", 0.1 .
St. l1111i1, llo.
c•1c1to, 111 .
IUftAIIPelil, ltlftll,
Sa• Oi eto , C•I if.
,ort lafld , .._ IH
••••• 11 , Co1111 .
1•ro11, Oltle
lrld . . port,
o.r,,, Co11•.
lorfolti, Va.
C••••
Ni••lflt, IU•fl.
1111111,, cu,. ...
•M:h11ter, I. N.
loali119Gr••••
Oe~le•d, Calif,
S.11 Fra11d1co, Cal If.
510111• Cltr, lo• ■
1,.
S.. lfte ■, lflc•.
ts.,
15,2
15, 2
1' ,
U ,
1' .5
1' .5
U.5
U .4
U .J
U.1
13.t
u.e
1,.a
1).7
1) . 4
1) .0
11. I
U.t
12,
12.~
U.5
U.~
U.2
U.1
12 .1
ll.O
11. 7
U.6
U.c
11.
11 ,2
11.2
11.0
10.1
10.1
10. •
10,)
10.2
9.2
I.
1laMU1 Fal I 1, Or•t•
8.
Detrell, •1ch,
11, • • c.
, •• ,0 ..
•·
•.
'•'•'""· ■•
a.
7,
J.
3
l111rll•tlofl, Yt.
Glewer1vlUa, I. ' •
,._,, . . . . th, I , M.
6.
I. •
CHART I-PERCENT OF PERSONS IN TOTAL POPULATION 1930
ON RELIEF IN 79 CITIES l MAY 1934
AF-14:SI, W.P.A.
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
of economic conditions at any giventimeto explain differences
in relative 11agni tude of the relief problem. Furthermore, other
factors are also effective in determining the proportion of
the population receiving relief. These include local adainistrative policies, co11111unity attitudes toward acceptance of relief, availability of public relief funds, and certain social
factors such as the racial c011p0si tion of the population. OnlJ
a careful analysis of each city can, therefore, adequately answer some of the questions as to why the incidence of relief
is greater in some cities than in others. It is believed that
the data which follow will be of assistance in such an analJsis.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FAMILIES OR HOUSEHOLDS1
~
RELIEF
Certain characteristics of the households or f•ilies of
which workers on relief were members are an essential background
for the total picture of the unemployment relief problem at the
time the su"ey was ■ade. The most relevant of the family characteristics include: race; size of household, especially the
number of one-person households; the nllllber of workers per
household; the employability c011p0sition of the unit; and certain characteristics of the head of the household. Wide variations aaong the 79 cities were found in respect to several of
these characteristics.
Race of Relief Hou1ehotd1
In most of the 79 cities, white households were predoainant
among those on relief in May 193«.. In only 12 cities were less
than 50 percent of the relief households white; in I.JO of the
79 cities, ~ percent or more, and in '3 cities 75 percent or
more of all households on relief were white (Chart 2, Appendix
Table 21. In contrast to the large majority of white households among those on relief in most cities is the fact that in
the cities in which Negroes or other races were of importance
in the general population, they constituted a larger proportion
of the relief group than they did of all f•ilies in 1930.
In q6 of the cities, Negro households constituted 5 percent
or more of all households on relief in Ma, 193q; in 28 cities
they were over 20 percent of the relief load; in Norfolk tbeJ
were 80 percent. Again, perhaps more important than the actual
1 A relllf household or case was defined ln tills 811"'7 aa a 1roup or related or unrelated Pll'SODS l1VlDI to11th1r and HCl1YlDI rtlllf U ODI
case; a rtlld t•117 wu llalted to related persona. Certain data •re
tabalated for 11011aeholda or cues and other data for f•1llea, tllaa a1c11a1tat1na oaretal dlatlnotlOD b•t•en th• two teraa. .&a a aatter or tact,
dUtereacea bet•ea 1lth1r the nuber or th• c11aracterlat1ca or 11osaelaolda
111d
t•nua
•r• aall.
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IITINT AND CBARACTIR OP RILIIP PROBL&M
Percent
0
UIU.1 SUIIIIIIART
"ibbi"f, ltiftA,
llenct'l•tt•r, II,
Sh•I tOl'I , Coru,.
H,
99 . 5
99 . 5
Kla•ath l'al la, 0ret ,
99 . C
"°"t.
Ii
a.
Portlaflld, 1Ni111
[weret
t. •••"•
.. , .. ot. I , D•il.
Derbr, Confll.
Duluth, W111n,
$,o,u F'al Is, S. Dali.,
lertosha. Ii 1.
Siow• Cit1, lo••
99 . J
99 . J
99.l
99 . l
99. l
98. I
98.t
CJ8.0
97.9
97. 9
97 . 8
91 .•
•ochester, •· T,
97 . 7
Scflet1act•d1, •· T,
Porta•outt'I, I. H.
97 . ~
17 . 0
96 . 9
9e . 5
•, Hes-Barre, Pa ,
111, .. ftaaool ,1, lli,u,.
Clo ... ars" i ll• . I . Y,
Salt latiie Citr, Uhh
Jopl ifll, IAo.
St .
Ill.
r>aul, llliflln,
80110ft,
... , • •
Mll ■ au._~• •
I i 1.
I.
I. Y.
S•"" Fral'lc i aco, Ca Ii f,
lleadit19, Pa.
Prow it1 enc•. I.
8uff ■ lo ,
toe a Is 1 and, 11 I •
lr•d11aoorl, Co""•
" ·'
95 . 1
9~ . 7
95 . 1
95 . 0
9J . Z
9).l
9J . 0
92 . 7
91 . 5
,1 . 0
Sa91na ■, llich.
F'ort Warn•. lftd ,
91.9
91. 8
91.8
91.0
Patersol'I , I . J.
[l'l i d, Olil a.
89 . 1
88 . 9
•hul i "O, •• Ve.
Oakland, Cal if.
••• Yorla, •• T,
Ansonia, Conn,
Sa" Oie90, Calif.
9el'ltOl'I Harbor, Mich,
hro". 0tl,o
ha"twill•. ll'ld.
Los An9e I et, Ca I i f.
Pitt1D1,r9h, Pa.
Ch i ca90, Ill,
Clewelend, Ohio
!o•I i"g Green, .,.
Detroit, Mich,
Cutonfa, •· C.
l t lowi , Witt .
lansat Cit,. lfo,
Al bwoueroue, II . II••·
ll'ld i &l'lepol i t , lftd.
C i nci""a1i , Ohio
5t . Louis, Mo.
•il• i n9tol'I, O•I.
hlt i aore, Yd.
Leflleland , Fie.
87 . ,
86. l
Mo11tlOl'I,
100
99 . 5
Fit1dla1, Ohio
Lr"1111, 11 ■ 11.
litocliford,
80
100 . 0
99 . 8
99 . 6
8url,1119tot1, Yt .
011'1'-011'1,
60
78.1
llarQuet te. lf,ch.
$P1111u,ao1h, Pa .
lvt t • •
40
f•••
Litt!• lll'ocfll, Ark.
Charluton, 5. C.
Lt• i "gton,
Oo1,,19lat , Ari1 .
Atlanta , Ca .
li r •1n9ha•. Ala.
Jacktoft , Witt.
Ori••"•• La.
1,.
If••
84.9
8J . l
80. 8
80. 5
80. l
71. 1
1e.,
76 . J
7~. 9
,~. 7
75 . 0
7'. 1
72 . J
..
70 . 2
,
69 . 9
~
66 . 2
60. 7
~9 - J
57 . c
56. l
55 . I
50 . '
'l0. 2
46 . C
•J . 0
u .c
J8 . 5
}7 . 9
J7 .
~
J• . 9
Lall• Charin, La.
(I Pa10, hw.
J1.
Charlotte, •• C.
•uhin91on, 0. C,
llorfolli, Ve.
28 . 8
26. ~
20.•
J4 . 6
~
CHART 2-PERCENT OF ALL RELIEF HOUSEHOLDS THAT
WERE WHITE HOUSEHOLDS
IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
Af-1433, WPA
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URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIIF
6
proportions are the relative proportions of Negroes as a part
of the relief load compared with their ratios in the population
of 19~- In all of these ~ cities the ratio of Negro households to all households on relief was above their ratio in the
total population of the city in 1930. The degree to which they
appear to have been disproportionately present on relief differed widely aaong thue cities. 1n Charleston, for exaaple,
Negro households were al110St the same proportion of the relief
load as of the population of 19~, whereas in Akron, they were
Tallle )--flOC£llT aF IGRO IDl'IEHDUIS AIIOICi AU. IQJSEJl)UJS OIi RELIEF •Y 19)4 All>
l'fJICENT IN Tl£ 1930 l'Ol'UIATIOII, 46 SELECTED CITIES9
ll&IIF
CEIIIIII'
llorfolk, Ya.
IIUhlngton, 0. C.
Cherlotte, N. C.
I.aloe Cherin, La.
11ft Orleans, La.
79.6
73.2
71.2
65.4
65.0
3&.o
,,_,
:,a.,
Jeckaon, IIISL
ar,.;,._, Ala.
Ati ente, Ga.
Lexington, Ky.
Cherl•ton, S. C.
62.4
82.1
61.5
57.0
53.6
43.4
41,1
Little lock, Ark.
Lakeland, ne.
Bal t ;.,,., lld.
Wll11I ngton, Del.
St. Louis, 11o.
49.8
44.9
4).7
42.6
40.6
25.7
Houston, Tex.
Ch)Ch. .tl, Ohio
lndl-...,1 ls, Ind.
Biloxi, lllu.
Kanas Cltr, llo,
:,9.6
Gastonia, N. C.
Detroit, lllch.
CITY -
STATE
llowl Ing G,-, KJ.
CITY AIID STATE
IIEI.IEF
__.
a.,
CI-IMd, Ohio
Pl tt lburgh, Pa.
Chicago, Ill.
E-llle. Ind.
Akron, Ohio
24.2
23-6
22.9
22.8
19.7
Benton Hlrtlor, lllch.
A-I•. Conn.
11ft York, N. Y.
....ling, W. YL
Los Angel•, Calif.
19.4
11.9
14.8
12.4
11.7
,.o
17.1
12.1
11.0
Pate._,, N, J,
Enid, Okie.
Fort •yne, Ind.
Olklend, Calif.
lrl dgeport, Conn.
10.,
10.1
8.9
8.4
8.0
2.1
).1
1.1
2.6
2.5
29.,
22.5
10.,
12.1
19.7
10.5
Reeding, Pa.
8u(felo, N. Y.
llock lslend, 111.
"'9I,_, lllch.
lloaton, llllss.
8.0
7.0
6.8
6.8
6.7
1.7
2.,
1.8
2.8
27.7
25.2
25.0
2:.8
6.9
21.8
San Diego, Calif.
6.7
:,e.:,
,:,.1
29.7
Z,.9
,0.8
)U
n.,
S.,.1
21.:,
6.,
111, .........1••
Oou9la1, Ariz.
5.7
7.9
6.5
6.7
,.9
6.0
5.8
4.5
3,8
:,.o
1,8
1.:,
:,.1
••c•
•c.111 .. ••
1.1 ,ercM .,. ..,.. ., all ......_,.._ • rall•f ..,.. ...,. ...,...,.._
IINf._.M ..__ ., ... ,_.......... • - • ....,1111 . . NI- 'II. . . . TMle I&.
20 percent of the relief, but only ti percent of the total pop•lation. These are extremes; in general, Negro households were
on relief in larger proportions in northern cities relative to
their importance in the city populations than in southern cities. a Bxplanat ions for these differences are nu111erous, but the
IIOSt likely appear to be local administrative policies, local
attitude towards relief, relief standards, and the availability
of funds for relief needs.
In only So! the 79 cities did households of races other than
white or Negro' constitute oTer 5 percent of the total families
8ror rurtller dl8Ca8 ■ 1on or tll18 point••• Part I, pp. e-e.
d■ talled brealtdcnm or other rac■ a aa tabUlated la tile ArftJ', but peraona or otll•r r&CH la tllHI •lSllt Cltlea ln 198D
lara•l.7 lfeltlCUI,
ezcept la l&ll rruolaco, llllle" tlleJ' weN JapaaeH aad Clllau,. 1'tu..U
OeMU of tu 111u.. ltGta.s 1111>, Popalatlon YolUM 111, 8uaar7 Tabla ISi•
'-o
-N
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BITBNT AND CBARACTBR OF RELIEF PROBLEM
7
on relief in Nay 193&i, but in each of these cities other races
were considerably over-represented on relief, according to their
proportioas in the 1930 population (Table ii). In Douglas, Ariz •.,
and Bl Paso, Tex., households of other races were over half of
the relief load, but in both of these cities they also were i•portaat in the general population of 1930. In Albuquerque,
N. Mex., on the other hand, other races were only 3 percent of
the population in 1930, but accounted for 30 percent of the relief population. This wide difference in Albuquerque 11ay be
due to soae bias in the relief sample, or to a large increase
in the nuaber of fa11ilies of other races in the population of
the city between 1930 and 193ii. 6
Table -PUCE~T Of HOUSEHOUJS Of 0Tl1Eq q4c(, OOfG ALL H(XJS(HOLOS OW RELIEF MAY 1934
AlfO PERCENT IN Tl£ 1930 POP\JLATIOW, EIGHT SHECTEO CITIES"
CITY
ANO STATE
6).1
52.9
29.9
12.5
11.9
El Paso, Texas
Douglas. Ar,zona
41buQueniue. New Mexico
San Diego. California
Los An9!'ln. California
iforni ■
Oakland. California
•c1tle1 111 ... 10
t.•
,ere"' er -,r• or ,11 fllouH~ld•
. .,.. IW)uNfteldl . , ,. . . . . . ,,_.,. U•M • l h or tetro.
ll"fUnt& C'• ....
0nt-per1on
2.9
5.1
6. 7
3.8
9. 7
5. 7
5.5
Houston. Texas
San Francisco. Cal
)I.)
30.3
H
).9
2.2
relief
•f 1a,. ,_, ......... , UJI, ,.,111atlff fel ... 'fl. 11ale r•I• U,
Fa■ llle1
on Rellef
Unatt&ched individuals, variously called one-person households., non-family persons, or lone persons, were of special i111portance in the relief population. Their i111portance wa.s due not
only to the~r excessive proportion in the relief population by
c011parisoa with their proportion in the 1930 population,• but
also to the fact th&t they constitute a different type of &dministrative and dependency proble• from nonnal families. Unattached persons were older, on the &ver&ge, and there were 111ore
■en thaa WOiien uong then, by c0111p&rison with all persons 16-6&i
years of age on relief. 7
6 cona1derable dUtlcult7 was raported ln cluau11n1 persona b7 race lo
Albuquerque lo tbe present aurY17 and lt la not un11kel7 that Census 1nuMratora alao ezp1r11nc1d aucb dlttlcultl•••
1Alth0up tbe dltlnl tlon or a one-person ru111 ln tbla au"•7 dUtered
aoa•bat rroa that ua1d b7 tb1 Bureau or the C1naua lo 11180, neYertbeleaa,
oae-peraon ru111ea were Cl•rl.7 on reuar lo K&7 11134 ln proportlona ln
ezceaa or their l ■portance 1 n the popula tlon ln 11180 111 ■ oat or the 79
cltlea. ror ezuple, 011e-perao11 ru111ea were !8 percent or all ra■111ea
ln the
pc,pulatlon or Ian. rranclaco but 40 percent or re111r ta■ 1111a
111 11q 198', In ■oat or the 711 cl UH the dUterenc1 111 tbe two proport1011.1 . . . ao cr1at tbat ln eplte or dltr1re11cea ln det1nlt1011 one-person
ra■ 111ea ■- be .. 1d to baY1 conatltuted a larger proportion or ru1111a
on re11ar ln 11&1 188' than or ra■ 111ea ln th• 11111ra1 popu1at1011 or 1880,
7 unpubllahed data tor th• urban e-17 or tbla atud7.
•m
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIBF
8
In spite of the fact that transients, among whOlll one-penon
families would be expected to be numerous, were excluded froa
the present surTeJ, one-person families were heaTily represented
among the resident relief load of May 193q in many cities. The
variations among cities in the proportion of one-person families
to all families on relief were exceedingly great (Appendix
Table 3). These differences in a large measure reflect certain
characteristics of the cities themselves, as well as relief policies in May 193q in respect to granting aid to non-family persons.• In San Francisco, for example, qQ percent of the families on relief in May 193q consisted of unattached individuals
Table 5-0ISTRIBUTION OF 79 CITIES BY PERCENT CF ONE-PERSON FAMILIES
~ ALL RELIEF FAMILIES, laY 1934
CITIES
PERCENT Of FAUi LIES
Total
Under 5
5 - 9
10 - 14
15 - 19
20 - 24
percent
percent
percent
percent
percent
25 - 29 percent
30 - 3• percent
35 - 39 percent
40 percent or over
NI.MBER
PERCENT
79
100.O
2
18
17
10
19
2.5
22.8
21.6
12.6
24.1
11
13.0
1.3
1
0
o.o
1
1.3
and over three-fourths of these were men. The high proportion
of such persons in San Francisco was undoubtedly due to the
presence of large numbers · of sailors and longshoremen. In
Klamath Falls, Oreg., a sawmill town where large nmbers of
workers are normally E!lllployed in forestry, the second highest
ratio of one-person families to all families on relief was
found, again indicating the relationship between theindustrial
characteristics of the city and the importance of non-family
persons in the relief population. In many other cities having
a higher than average number of one-person faailies on relief
and a large proportion of men among them, the gainful workers
of the city in 1930 were largely men. In general it may be
said, therefore, that the incidence of relief 8110ng one-person
families in most cities is largely among men rather than women
8The rattoa of one-person faatltes aa reported tn tbla au"e7 ln 44 cltlea
were checked against coaparable d&ta fro■ tbe October Reuer Cenna or
19S3. In &l ■ost all or tbeae c1t1ea tbe ratio or one-peraon raa111ea waa
Yer7 nearly the sue 1n both studlea, thenotable excsptlon belna 1ew York
Clt1, Where the proportion or one-peraon raa111ea had lncreued, u was
to be upected rrC111 a change ln ad■ 1nl8trat1Ye pollc7 trCIII October ttSS
to K&7 198' ln respect to grurttnc relter to unattacbed 1nd1Ytdu&la. Tbe
aaaplln.g or the preaent study, therefore, aena to baYe been adequate 1D
thla respect.
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9
EXTENT AND CHARACTER OF RELIEF PROBLEM
and is definitely related to economic opportunities which attract men without families. The few exceptions to this are in
soat hero cities where one-person families are largely Negro
"fomen ( Chart 3).
Although this discussion has centered chiefly about the cities in which the proportion of one-person families on relief
indicated a special problem, it should also be noted that the
problem of unattached individuals in the relief population was
of considerable magnitude in a majority of the 79 cities. In
almost a sixth of the cities such persons constituted over
percent of all families ; in two-fifths o! the cities they were
20 percent or more; and in over three-fourths of the cities,
2,
Table 6--0ISTIIIBl/TIOII <1F '19 CITIES 8Y P[l1C£NT CF FAMILIES •ITII FtlMI.[ !€ADS
MOC. llL RELIEF FAIIILIES,IIU 1934
CITIH
PEl".E•T
~
FAMILIES
frlll.M8€A
"ERCENT
Total
79
100.0
t,ir.der 5 perc~t
0.0
2 .5
24.0
)9 . 2
15.2
11.4
g
10 - U
15 - 19
20 - 24
perc.e"t
percent
percent
percent-
0
2
19
31
12
~ - 19
oen:enl
9
5 -
5.1
1. 3
1.3
:,0 - 34 oen:ent
35 - 39 oercont
40 percent and over
10 percent or more of all relief families (Table 5 and Appendix
Table 3). Thus, even though this study excluded transients,
among whom non-family persons or unattached individuals were
very heavily represented, 9 non-family persons constituted a
considerable part of the relief problem in most o! the cities
in which the study was made.
Fa•i1ies with Feu1e Heads
From the standpoint of relief or other forms of public assistance, one of the most important family characteristics is
the sex of the head of the family. Families with women as heads
const it ate a special type of dependency problem and if adequate
public assistance for women with children were available, female heads would not be found on the unemployment relief rolls
in any great number. That families in which the head was a
woman were universally important, in the urban relief load of
9 see Webb, Jobo N., th, fransl,nt Unesploy,4 Research Konocrapb III, Woru
Procr••• Ae111101etratloo, D1Y1alon or Social Research, Waabloctoo, D. C.,
19M,
133065 0-37---3
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIBF
10
Percent
URBU SUMMUY
San f,.ancisco, Calif.
Klaiaath Falls, Oreg.
Boston, Yau.
,t0.2
Washington, D. C.
Winneapol is, Minn.
28. 7
28.S
Benton Harbor, Mich.
Wheeling, ■• Ya.
Ports1t1outh, N. H.
Shenandoah, Pa.
Gloversville, N, Y.
Roclcford, 111,
Butte, Mont.
Sioux F'al I 1. $. Dale.
,l,nsonia, Conn,
Sioux Cit,, Iowa
Wilkes-Barre, Pa,
28.2
27.8
27. 7
26.2
26.1
25. 7
25.6
25.1
H.8
2,.0
2,.0
2,.0
St.
2),9
Kenosha, Wis.
Louis, Mo.
3,.2
28. 8
Salt Lake City, Utah
Reading, Pa.
23.9
2). 7
Hibbing, Minn,
2),6
Kansas City, Mo.
22.8
Manchester, N. H,
22.6
Pittsburgh, Pa,
Chicago, Ill.
22.6
21.8
Jackson, Wiss.
Milwaukee, ■ is.
21. 7
St. Paul, Winn,
21.,
21.3
Los Angeles, Calif.
21.2
Clevel111nd, Ohio
20.8
20.7
20.2
19.9
19.6
19.6
18. 5
18.1
18.0
17.9
16.C
15.7
15.2
Akron, Ohio
A.t lanta, Gs,
Saginaw, M:ich.
Everett, Wash.
Shelton, Conn.
Houstot1, Ttx.
Buffalo, N. Y.
Paterson, N. J,
Cincinnati, Ohio
£1 Paso, Tex.
Schenectady, N. Y.
Oshkosh, Wis.
Douglas, Ariz,
Lynn, .Mass.
Rock Island, Ill.
■ il•ington, Del.
Charleston, S. C.
Derby, Conn.
RochesUr, N. Y.
Fort ■ ayn•. Ind,
Duluth, Minn.
lndianool is, Ind.
Joplin, Wo.
8ilo1ei, Miss.
Evansville, l11d.
Marquette, Mich,
La-eland, Fla,
Enid, Okla.
New York, N. Y.
NorfoH1, Va.
Balti•ore, Yd.
Bir111ingha1111, Ala.
SanDiego,Calif.
Little Rock, Ark.
Minot, N. Oak.
Findl&y, Ohio
Albuquerque, N. Wu,
Ne• Orleans, La,
Oakland, Cal if.
Lake Charles, la.
8.-idgeport, Conn.
Lexington, l(y.
Burlington, Yt.
Providence, R. I,
Port land, Maine
Charlotte, N. C.
Detroit, Mich,
Gastonia, N. C.
Sowl ing Green l(y.
U,9
1,.e
14.7
14.6
U.5
13.9
13.9
13,6
13.3
13-3
13.3
12.l
11.6
10. 7
10.C
10.2
10.1
9.8
9.6
9.6
9.1
9,0
8.8
8, 7
8. 3
8. 3
8.2
7,9
7. 5
7,3
6.8
6.1
CHART 3 - PERCENT OF ALL RELIEF FAMILIES THAT WERE
ONE-PERSON FAMILIES IN 79 CITIES,
MAY 1934
AF-1435, WPA
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EXTENT AND CHARACTER OF RELIEF PROBLEM
11
Hay 1931+, is shown by the fact that in all but 2 of the 79
cities they accounted for 10 percent or more of all families on
relief, and in over three-fourths of the cities they were 15
percent or more ITahle 61.
Race and geographic reffion appear to be of great import·ance
in determining the ratio of families with female heads to all
farni lies on relief.
With two exceptions ( Lynn, Hass.
and
Manchester, N. B. I all of the cities in which over 25 percent
of families had fe~ale heads were southern cities, and in most
of these cities, Negro families accounted for over half of the
relief load, At the other extreme were 21 cities in which less
than 15 percent of all relief families reported female heads;
all of these cities except 1, Bowlini Green, Iy., were north
ern, but were widely scattered throughout the eastern, central,
and western regions (Chart q and Appendix Table I+),
Industrial characteristics of a city appear to be somewhat
related to the proportion of relief families with female heads.
Some of the cities with higher than average ratios of female
heads were textile centers and cities in which many women work,
whereas some of the cities with low ratios were those in which
the working population consists chiefly of men.
Family composition is important in an analysis of the problem of families in which the head was a woman. Such data are
not available for individual cities in the present study, but
in the urban relief sample as a whole 92 percent of the families with female heads contained dependents, and over 50 percent contained children under 16 years of age. 10 The problem
was mitigated somewhat when there were other workers in the
family, but the fact remains that the absence of a man as family head is a great economic handicap, and that this handicap
was reflected in the relief rolls of the 79 cities studied.
E•ployabll lty C0111poaltlon of Houaeho1d1
For administrative purposes the relief load at any given
time may be divided into two major groups, namely, employable
and unemployable cases. Households were classified as employable or unemployable by the present study according to whether
or not they possessed any member 16-61+ years of age working or
seeking work. Of course many pe,sons who were reported seeking
work were so handicapped by physical or mental disabilities
that they belonged in the unemployable group. The proportion
of households classified by the present study as unemployable
is therefore somewhat understated. The employable households
were made up chiefly of those with all members unemployed but
1011npubllabed data ror the urban au•&l'Y of tbla study,
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12
URBAN
WORKERS ON RELIEF
Percent
10
Jackson. lllliss.
Norfolk, VI.
41,5
)6.2
Athnta, Ga.
Charluton. S. C.
Chulol'te, N. C.
3il.5
'.33.7
32.9
Washington, O. C,
Biloxi, lfiss.
Bir ■ in;h••• Ah,
Houston, Tu,
Cincinn11ti, Ohio
32. 7
29.9
29.8
28. 5
28.3
El Paso, T••·
Oou;las, A.r iz.
28.1
26.8
Lynn, Mass.
little Rock, Ad.,
Manchester, N, H,
Ports111outh, N, H.
26,1
St. Louis, Mo.
Gastonia, N. C.
Indianapolis, Ind,
Joplin, Mo.
24.8
23. 7
23.5
23.5
23, 2
23.1
22.8
22.2
22.1
12.0
21.3
San Francisco, Calif.
19.8
Benton Harbor, lfich.
19. 7
Lakeland, Fh,
19.6
AlbuQuerque,
40
25.1
25.1
Boston, Mass.
Del,
30
26.0
Balti,.ore, Md.
GlovHsville, N, T.
Chicago, Ill.
11:anus City, Wo.
Evansville, Ind.
Wil111ington,
20
N. Mex.
19.,t
Portland, Maine
Sagina•, Vich.
Salt Lake City, Utah
Ansonia, Conn,
Ne ■ Orluns, La.
St. Paul. Winn,
Akron. Ohio
Whealini,. I, Va.
Los Angeles, Cal if,
Oelrl and, Ca Ii f.
Rockford, 111.
Butte, Mont.
Cleveland, Ohio
Enid, Olola.
Sufhlo, N. Y.
Everett, Wash.
Lexington, Ky.
Paterson, N. J.
Rock Island, Ill.
Findlay, Ohio
Minot, N. Oak.
Pittsburgh. Pa,
San Diego, Cal if.
Providence, R, I,
lake Charles, La.
Duluth, Minn.
Fort Wayne, Ind.
Derby, Conn.
Minneapolis, lfinn.
Rochester, N. Y.
Ne ■ York, N. Y.
Hibbing, lrilinn,
Srid;eriort, Conn.
Bo ■ l i ng Green. Ky.
Oshloosk, Wis.
Burlington. Vt.
MarQuette, Illich,
Sioux Fal Is. S. Oak,
Kl a1t1ath Fl.I Is, Ore9.
Reading, Pa.
Shenandoak, Pa.
Kenosha, Wis.
Shelton, Conn.
Uil•aulo.ee, l'is.
Willces-Barre, Pe,
Schenectady, N. Y.
Siouw: City, lo ■ a
Detroit, Mich.
19.2
19.2
19,0
18.8
18,8
18.6
18.2
18,0
17.8
17.8
17.6
17.,t
17.1
17.1
16.9
16.9
16.9
16.6
16.6
16.4
16.4
16.3
16.3
16.l
15.8
15.7
15.2
U.9
1•.9
U.9
u.e
14. 7
l•LS
1'. 3
U. 2
U.1
U.1
14 ,0
13.9
13.B
13,8
13.2
12.l
11.9
11.7
11.•
9.2
6. 7
CHART 4 - PERCENT OF ALL REUEF FAMILIES HAVING FEMALE
HEADS IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
AF-1437, W.PA
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EXTENT AND CHARACTER OF RELIEF PROBLEM
13
with at least one member seeking work, and secondarily of households in which at least one member was employed, and for whom
relief, accordingly, was supplementary aid.
A large 11ajori ty of relief households in H;q 193q reported
at least one person 16-6q years of age working or seeking work.
Among the 79 cities, however, there was some variation. In
Hay 193q the proportion of relief households without an employable member ranged from 2 percent in Little Rock, Ark., to 27
percent in Portsmouth, N. H. IChart 51. In q3 percent of the
79 cities fro111 5 to 9 percent of all relief households reported
no emploJable ■ e111ber and in another q3 percent of the cities
from 10 to 30 percent were without employable members. Size or
industrial trpeofcitJ appeared to have little relationship to
the ratio of households with no person wrking or seeking work
to all relief households. Of the 35 cities in which over 10
Table 7-0ISTI!IBUTIOII OF 79 CITIES BY PERCE~T OF HOlJS[l()tOS HAYII«: NO EIIPI.OY4Bl£ IU18£1!S
-'l()tlG 4ll RELIEF HOUSl:HOUlS, 114Y 19~
CITIES
l'(ACENT 0# HOUSEHOLDS
PERCENT
Total
79
100.0
Lns
510 15 20 -
10
25
12. 7
43.0
31.6
8.9
2.5
1.3
lhlln 5 percent
9 percent
U percent
19 percent
24 percent
25 - 30 percent
~
7
2
1
percent of the relief households reported no person wrlcing
or seeking wrk, 26 were northern cities and 9 were southern
(Appendix Table, and Chart 51,
Three types of relief cases probably accounted for most of
the group of unemployable households, namely, 1fOllleD with dependents, f•ilies in which the person who would normally be
working was disabled, and aged persons. All of these cases ~
of the type which is not, strictly speaking, an unemployment
relief group, but should be cared for by some form of categorical. public assistance. They were found in the general relief
rolls of these cities because of inadequate aid available from
public or private funds for such special cases at the time the
study was made. However, the relief load cared for in part or
in whole by Federal &nergency Relief funds in the 79 cities in
May 193q consisted mainly of families dependent upon such aid
because of unemployment or inadequate earnings :from whatever
emplo711ent they may have had. The discussion of the characteristics of the households which included workers 11 and the
11.t worker or ID •Pl07abll Pel'IOD la detlned ln tbll 1tud7 •• a peraon
1e-e,
7eara of
as•
Wllo la eltber wor1t1n1 or a111t1n1 work.
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
characteristics of those workers will therefore constitute the
remainder of this report.
Nuaber of Workers and Size of Relief Households 12
Excluding both the households of one person and those without an employable member, the median size of case or household
for the urban relief sample as a whole was 3.9 persons, and
the nedian number of workers l. q_ In the 79 cities the two
medians raUled from 3.2 persons per household in Washington,
D. C., to q.9 persons in Gastonia, N. C., and from 1.2 workers
in Albuquerque, N. Mex., to 1.8 in Charleston, S. C. (Appendix
Table 61. It might be expected that the cities in which the
average size of household was high would also show a high average nU11ber of workers. In a few cities this was true, but in
other cities the average nW11ber of workers did not vary consistently with the size of case. For example, Charleston, S. C.,
had the highest median number of workers per case, but the median size of case was the same as the average for all cities.
The cities with larger than the average size of household were
rather widely scattered geographically and were of various
types; the cities with larger than the average number of workers, in general, showed one common characteristic, namely, they
were cities in which large numbers of women are normally ~mployed in a few selected industries including textile, cigar
and tobacco, food, clothing, and domestic service. The sex
distribution of workers on relief also showed a high proportion
of women in the cities in which the average number of workers
per case was high. It appears that the average number of workers per relief household, therefore, is markedly influenced by
the proportion of women among the wrking population of the
city.
Household Heads Who Had Never Worked
Heads of households without work experience constitute a
special vocational problem which in 111any instances may be basic
to the relief problem. In most of the cities in which the survey was made the ratio of household heads who had never worked
to all household heads was above 10 percent, and in a nu111ber of
cities it was considerably higher ( Appendix Table 8 I. Such persons were chiefly young men looking for their first jobs, and,
to a lesser extent, older women who had been forced to enter
the labor market because of economic reverses or other disaster
to the male members who would normally have been the source of
12 The terns household and case were used 1nterahangeabl1 ln th18 atudJ.
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EXTENT AND CHARACTER OF RELIEF PROBLEM
10
unu
Percent
15
15
25
20
30
s-An
11.2
,ortsao11th, I. M,
S.gin••• Illich,
Jackson, liliu.
llb.nci'le1hr. I. H,
Boston,
24.1
23.2
••11.
Jopl '"• 160.
lilo•I, 11111,u.
Sall Lalie C1t1, UUh
Benton Hartlor, lillich.
$tie I tol'I, Conn.
18. 8
16. 1
16. 7
16.~
U, • .t
16.1
1 ~- 1
14 .9
14.)
1'.1
Houston, Tew.
£werett, hsh.
Atla,.,ta. Ca.
AhuQuerQua, I. . . . .
Findla1, Ot.io
Ansonia, Conl'I.
0.rb,, Co,u,.
■ asl'lin9ton, D. C.
111 . . th Falls, Oree,
liocldord, Ill,
Ch1ca90, Ill,
1).6
13.6
13.4
1J, 2
12.8
12.~
12.4
12,J
llit'lfteapol ii, Min11,
12.2
bf'IUI Cit1, Mo,
I, J.
11.0
£1 Paso, Te•.
11.0
11.~
Hibb,ng. Minn,
11.2
l1"", Meu.
11.1
Pater,011,
St. Paul, 111,nn,
(van1vi I le,
11. 1
Ind.
11.0
Oshkosh, .is.
llinot, ti. Dall,
11. 0
10.1!1
£nid. Olala.
Salti-cre, lld.
10.J
10.2
Oulvth, lfinn,
10.1
Roche1ter, I, Y.
l"dian•pol is, Ind.
Rock l1la11d, Ill.
10.1
Buffalo, 1. Y,
Glover1v,lle, I, Y,
Lalleland, Fla.
le"otha, Wit,
4111,ron, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
St. Low i •• llo.
Ci11cinnati, Ohio
Portland, luine
llr■ in9ha ■, Ala,
lwtte, Wol'lt.
Merqwelte, Mich,
lrid9eport, Conn.
Sat1 Franc i1co, Cal if,
ltitt1bur9h, fta.
Siou• Citr, lo••
Oou9le,, Arir.
Milwauiilee, Wit,
Lexin9ton, •,.
Fort larne. Ind,
Wheel in9, W. Va.
Charlotte, N. C.
Slou• Falls, S. Oak.
lake Chad et, La.
9.9
9.9
9.8
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.4
9. 3
t.O
8.8
8.7
8.6
I.~
Gastonia, N. C.
lurl ln9ton, Vt,
Charle,ton, $, C,
Readi,i9, Pa.
Scl'lenectadr, I. Y.
Los An9ele1, Cal if.
Norfolk, Va.
Wi lke1-Barre, '8.
llo•I i "9 Green, l7.
■•• York, I, Y,
Shenandoah, Pa.
Pro., idence, It. I,
Wil ■ in9ton, Del.
Oakland, Calif.
••• Orleen1, La.
San Die90, Cal If.
Detroit, Mich.
little Roell, Arll.
CHART 5 - PERCENT OF ALL RELIEF HOUSEHOLDS HAVING
NO EMPLOYABLE MEMBERS, MAY 1934
AF-1439, W.P.A.
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16
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
support of the family. As wuld be expected because of age
differences, the average number of dependents was uniformly
lower for inexperienced heads than for beads of households who
had previously worked, 13 but the important !act is that many
of them were responsible for the care of dependents and were a
significant part of the relief problem in a number of the cities
suneyed.
Soclo-econoalc Clas• of Head• of Hou1ehold1
The socio-economic class of the usual occupation of the head
of the household ma, be taken as a rough measure of the previous economic and social level of families on relief. The occupational. status of the head of the family is frequently somewhat
higher than that of other workers in the family, and this is
reflected in the higher proportion of skilled workers among
heads of families than anong all workers on relief. 14 This
difference is in part due to the !act that heads have a higher
average age and have had more opportunity !or obtaining occupational. experience. Al though the differences among the 79 cities in respect to the socio-economic class of heads of households were great, it is nevertheless true that each of the four
main socio-economic classes was well represented among the
headso! households in all cities (Appendix Table 7). The socioeconomic class of heads of households on relief showed interesting differences from the same classification of all workers
on relief. These differences, as well as a further analysis of
the socio-economic class of all 'tl'Orkers by sex, are presented
in the more detailed occupational. analysis in Chapter II.
18unJJUbl1ahed data troa thla aurY11.
1•see APP■DdlK Tables 7 and 9.
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Chapter II
THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASS OF THE USUAL OCCUPATION
AND THB USUAL INDUSTRY OF WORKERS ON
RBLIBF IN THE 79 CITIES
The occupational characteristics and industrial origins of
workers on relief are significant in two respects: (1) for the
purpose of describing the workers themselves; and (2) for the
purpose of measuring the incidence of relief for different occupations and industries. Other characteristics such as &ge,
sex, race, and duration of une111ployment not only add to the
broad picture of the workers on relief but also assist in answering some of the import&nt quest ions &bout such workers, one
of which concerns their chances of re-e111ployment in private industry. Part I of this report has presented a fuller analysis
of the latter problem than can be undertaken for individu&l
cities. The occupational and industrial data for individual
cities lend themselves to a different type of analysis than was
possible in the urb&n relief sample because use of the smaller
unit, one city, brings out a more specific relationship between
the economic conditions &nd the composition of the relief population in May 1931.J. Such relationships were necessarily less
clear-cut in the urban summary in which the identity of the
cities was lost.
In the following analysis, the usual socio-economic class
and the usual industry of all experienced workers on relief, 1
whether unemployed or employed, are described first. Relief
to unemployed workers is a distinctly different problem from
relief to employed workers whose earnings in private employment are inadequate for the support of their families. Nevertheless, it is important to examine the occupational characteristics of the total relief load in each city in order to
obtain a complete picture of the problem. The broad socioeconomic classification of the usual occupations of workers on
relief and the industries in which these workers were usually
employed portray general economic factors in the relief prob-
lem.
1 1D1:rp1r1enc1d worlr.era could ba·n DO uaual occupation or 1nd11at17 wt tblD
the ■ el.Din& ot the ter■ e aa uaed 1n th1a atud7, All of the ro11ow1n1 dl.,.
cu1111on or occupat1oD and 1Ddu11tr7 1D chapters II and III 111 U ■ lted to
el[J>erlenced worlr.ere. ID the as• data, boweYer, the 1nexper11nc1d are lncluded.
17
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIBF
18
Since the unemployed are in all cities the largest group of
workers on relief and therefore constitute the major part of
the relief problem, additional analysis of the city differences
in the characteristics of these workers is made in chapter III.
City comparisons revealing significant differences or si■ila~
ity in patterns constitute the method of analysis in both chapters II and II I.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASS OF THE USUAL OCCUPATION OF
WORIBRS ON RBLIBF
The existence of rather definite city patterns is reYealed
in the occupational classes of workers on relief in Kay 193'J. 1
These patterns are influenced by economic type of city and also
by sex and race differences in the populations of the 79 cities.
Although the data are not presented bJ race, it is eYident that
in the cities in which Negroes were a large proportion of the
workers on relief, the ratio of unskilled workers, either laborers or servants, was high (Appendix Table 9). The racial
characteristics are, of course, influenced by the location of
cities.
Relationship between Type of City and Soclo-econ011lc Clas, of
Workers on Relief
The socio-economic class of the occupations of workers on
relief shows a definite relationship to the econOlllic character
of the city. White collar workers were a larger proportion of
all workers on relief in large commercial cities such as Los
Angeles, San Diego, Oakland, New York, San Francisco, Duluth,
Minneapolis, and Salt Lake CitJ, as well as in smaller C011111e~
cial centers such as Sioux Falls, S. Oak., aud Minot, N. Oak.;
in industrial or mining cities theywere proportionall1 a smaller group. In southern cities white collar workers were of less
significance than in northern cities, thus reflecting the effect
of racial composition of the relief population.
The largest proportions of skilled workers were found in
metal manufacturing cities, that is, cities in which iron,
steel, and electrical supply industries were predollinant, and
in a few large commercial centers. In the metal manufacturing
cities, skilled workers are important to the chief industries
and in. commercial centers, the building trades account for the
large proportion of skilled workers on relief. The 10 cities
with the largest proportion of skilled workers 811l0ng those on
relief were Saginaw, Mich., SchenectadJ, N. Y.,Rockford, Ill.,
2 1n thts dlacuaalon or aoc10-1conoa1c c1u1. the ter11 workers 1aclad1a
18 years or age and oYer.
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t._.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASS AND INDUSTRY OF WORKERS
19
Buffalo, N. Y., Detroit, Hieb., Rochester, N. Y., Everett,
Wash., Milwaukee, Wis., Oakland, Calif., and Hibbing, Minn.
Comparatively few skilled workers were found on relief in southern cities or in mining centers, except in Hibbing. 3
The cities in which semiskilled workers were a larger than
average proportion of all workers on relief were manufacturing
centers, especially textile cities and those in which manufacturing of shoes or gloves was the predominant industry. Semiskilled workers, both men and women, were numerous in such cities as Manchester, N. H., Gloversville, N. Y., Gastonia, N. C.,
Shelton, Conn., Derby, Conn., Paterson, N. J., Providence, R. I.,
Lynn, Hass., Kenosha, Wis., and Ansonia, Conn.
Of the cities with the largest proportions of unskilled workers on relief, mining cities and southern cities of various industrial types were conspicuous. In minin2 towns it was men
who accounted for the large numbers of unskilled workers, and
in southern cities unskilled women were also numerous. The 10
cities with the largest proportion of unskilled workers in the
relief load were Shenandoah, Pa., Butte, Mont., Lake Charles,
La., Bowling Green, Ky., Norfolk, Va., Charlotte, N. C., Washington, D. C., Lexington, Ky., Wilkes-Barre, Pa., and Birmingham,
Ala. ( Chart 6).
Sex Differences In the Socio-economic Class of Usual Occupation
of Workers on Rel lef
The socio-economic class of men and that of women differed
widely in most of the cities surveyed; workers of both sexes
were, however, more heavily concentrated in unskilled occupations than in other occupations in many cities. Thus, in q7 of
the 79 cities, the largest group of men on relief came from unskilled occupations. The range in the proportion of unskilled
men in all cities was from 16 percent in Lynn, Hass., to 82
percent in Shenandoah, Pa., whereas the average for all cities
combined was about 35 percent. Semiskilled men constituted the
largest group of male workers in 26 cities, most of which were
specialized manufacturing centers where operatives from different types of factories were heavily represented among the men
on relief. The range in the proportion of semiskilled workers
to all workers in the cities studied was from 6 percent in
Shenandoah, Pa., to 53 percent in Rochester, N. Y., the average for the urban relief sample being 26 percent. In only
seven cities was the largest single group of men on relief from
skilled occupations, namely, Bridgeport, Buffalo, Los Angeles,
3Many
••r•
ot tb• 1klll•d work•r• ln Rlbblng
locoaotlYe engln11ra, locoaot1n f1reaen, and 1tat1onar7 en11neers and crannen. In H1bb1n& tb•s ■ occupat1on1 war• c1os•11 r•lated to ■ 10101.
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
20
Minneapolis, Oakland, San Diego, and San Francisco. All of
these cities except Bridgeport and Buffalo were commercial.
rather than manufacturing centers, and the high proportion of
skilled workers was due to the importance of building trades
workers in the relief load of these five cities.
Wbi te collar workers were the least important of the four
major socio-economic classes among men on relief. Within the
white collar group the relative numerical importance of professional, proprietary, and clerical male workers varied greatly
from city to city. The clerical. group was the largest in most
cities; the proprietary, second largest; and the professional
group, the smallest. In a few cities such as Enid, Okla.,
Table &-DISTRIBUTION OF 79 CITIES BY PERCENT OF WORilERS ON RELIEF IIAY 1934
FRO.I Tl£ VARIOUS SOCl~ECON(JIIC CLASSES, BY SEJt
WHITE COLLAR
SKILLED
PERCENT OF WORKERS
""LE
4 percent
5- 9 percent
0 -
10 - 14 percent
15 - 19 percent
20 - 24 percent
25
30
35
40
45
-
29
34
39
44
49
percent
percent
percent
percent
percent
50
55
60
65
70
75
- 54 percent
- 59 percent
- 64 percent
- 69 percent
- 74 percent
percent and over
FEMALE
1
16
34
20
2
8
19
14
7
14
1
8
8
5
l
-
-
--
--
NALE
-1
5
8
26
28
11
-
---
-r
FEMALE
78
1
SEMI SIii LLED
""LE
IIALE
FEMALE
-
--
-l
-2
I
of CUI••
-2
--
2
13
15
-
23
11
6
-
3
-
UNSKILLED
FEMALE
2
2
-
-
-
1
l
11
8
2
15
17
8
9
8
2
15
15
15
1
9
4
2
2
l
4
4
l
l
6
6
9
1
8
6
7
4
7
-l
4
l
3
5
Gastonia, N. C., Lakeland, Fla., Sioux City, Iowa, and Sioux
Falls, S. Dak., the proprietary group was unusually large, constituting over 10 percent of all male workers.•
In over half of the 79 cities, unskilled women were the·
largest group of women workers on relief. In these cities they
constituted from 34 to 80 percent of all women workers, whereas
for all 79 cities the range in their proportion was from 10
percent in Gloversville, N. Y., to 80 percent in Lake Charles,
La. In 27 cities semi skilled women were the largest group of
women workers on relief. For the most part, in the cities in
which either unskilled or semiskilled women constituted the
largest groups of women workers, unskilled men or semiskilled
men were found to be the largest group of men workers on relief.
•These are small elttee ln llblch the proportion or ■en wmohld toraer11 l>een
taraers was higher than a·nrace; such persona are claaattled u proprietary persona, hence taJ.llng ln the llblte collar group (.Appendl:a: Table 10).
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASS AND INDUSTRY OF WORKERS
21
Percent
40
URBU SUINA"'f'
Ali.ro11,
Ollio
• --2L:~-•
&ZI
..,,,,on,•. Conn,
Atlanta, Ge.
Ba It i•ore, liild.
l!lentor, ~arbor, Mich,
I i lo• i, Mi SI.
a
I rl9i
,,91<,1,i,,
.. , 8,
Boston, Illas,.
'"9 Green, ICJ,
Bridge-oort, Conn.
Bo ■ l
Buffalo,
JI.
Y.
8urlin9ton, Vt.
Butte, Wo,,1.
Charl•ston, S. C.
Char-1otte, Ill, C.
Ci'I •cago.
111.
Cinc,l"lnati, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Derby, Conn.
272d
Detroit, W,ch.
Douglas, A.rir.
Duluth, lfinn,
[I Paso, hu1
[n1d, 011 I a.
[wansville, Ind,
Ev•ret t,
■ ash.
f",ndl•y.
F'ort
Ohio
,,,.........,,.:,,:,,:.;:.•.~.r.·.~A-2,z,; ,,,2 Z'I
•r;r;-,;,:~~""T."'llllf 777 'Z · 2 '2 221
••1"•• Ind,
Cutoni,1, JI. C.
yriZt"•"•Y~~7ZZZZ./222 · Z I
...............v,r,, •rna.-,0;.;•<-·••a-1az-z,
..... .
Gloverswdle, Ill, Y.
Hibb1n9,
Houston, fe1as
lnd1anat1ol 1s, Ind.
Iii,,,,,,
~-
<
,z
Jae Ii son, 1111 ss.
Joplir,,Wo.
ll'ansu City, lilo.
lerosha. Wis.
l(ia'llath F'alls, Oreg.
Lalie Ctiar-les, la.
lalieland, Fla.
Le.- 1 A9ton, Ky.
little f:fock, Ark.
Los ,lngeles, Cal if.
Lynn, lil•ts.
lilanch•tt•r.
I.
H,
Warqul't te, Illich.
ltlilw•wkwe, W,s.
',, 77,1
<?
Wif'ln.,apol it, lllinn,
Minot, JI. Oak.
New Ori••"'• La.
h• York, N. Y,
Norfolk, Va,
Oalrl•nd, C1l1f,
Osl'lllosh. Wis.
Paterson, II. J.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Portland, Maine
Port s11101.1th, 1111. H,
Prov•d•r,ce, R. I.
ll••d t n11, P11.
Rochester, N. Y.
ltockford, Ill.
Jlock lsla"d, 111.
Sag1n••· Mich.
,JZO.•=m&Wil,
St. Lowis, a,o,
St. Pawl, .,inn.
Salt lat.e City, Utah
S.n Oiego, Cali,.
San Francisco, Calif.
Schen•ctad,. Ill. Y,
Shel ton, Conn,
Shenandoah, Pa.
22
zz,
S•ou• Cilr, lo••
Siou• Falls, S. Oak,
Washington,
0,
C.
■ he.I ing,
I. Va,
Wi I t.u-hrre, P1.
277 777 ?//J
Wila1ngton, Del.
Unskilled
Sem1sk1lled
Skilled
White
Collar
CHART 6-SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASS OF USUAL OCCUPATION OF
WORKERS 16 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER
ON RELIEF IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
AF-1441, W.P.A.
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22
URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBP
In no cities were stilled women worters especially numerous
in the relief load, but in six cities in which the largest group
of men workers was fro111 stilled occupations, women from white
collar occupations were the largest group of women on relief.
In a majority of the 79 cities white collar occupations were
relatively more important among women than among men. Further111ore, the women from the white collar group were chiefly clerical workers, the professional and the proprietary groups being
less important than Mong the men. In general the socio-economic class of women workers on relief varied much more widely
from city to city than did that of the men, asmay be seen from
Appendix Tables 10 and 11.
INDUSTRIBS IN WHICH WORKERS ON RBLIEF WERE
USUALLY EMPLOYBD
A knowledge of the industries in which workers on relief had
previously been employed is essential to an understanding of
the economic factors largely responsible for this dependency
problem. The economic position of an industry at any given
time is, of course, dependent upon many seasonal and long-term
factors, which should be borne in mind throughout the following
discussion, although their importance cannot be analyzed here.
Other factors also influence the relief problem at a given time
or in a given col'lllftunity, but the effect of economic conditions
upon the relief load of a co11111ani ty is probably the strongest
single factor from a long-tem point of view. The general findings in respect to the economic factors have already been presen ted for the urban relief sample as a whole. The following
analysis emphasizes city differences in this general pattern.
Detailed industry data are presented in Appendix Table 12 for
each of the 79 cities.
In most of the cities in which the study was made, manufacturing and mechanical industries were the most important industry groups; 5 in a few cities mining was predominant. Both manufacturing and mining were affected more severely by unemployment than other industries and it is not surprising to find that
in the cities in which each was important, the relief load
clearly reflected this situation. Thus, the proportion of workers on relief who reported their usual employment in manufacturing and mechanical industries or in mining exceeded the proportion in these industries in the gainful population of 1930
in most southern cities and a few specialized industrial cities
5 The baste classtrtcat1on consisted or 58 separate 1ndustr1es arran1ed under
10 broad 1ndustr1 headings which are spoken or as 1ndustr7 groups. Not
all 58 Industries are presented 1n Table 12 In the appendU because ■an1
were of little atgn1t1cance 1n the re11et data tor ■ost c1tles.
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SOCIO-BCONOHIC CLASS AND INDUSTRY OF WORKERS
23
ia which the chief industry for some specific reason was underrepresented on relief. In general, three other industry groups
also accounted for larger proportions of all workers on relief
in May 193" than of all gainful workers in the cities in 1930:
agriculture, fishing and forestry, and domestic and personal
se"ice. The first two of these were of minor size in most
cities; domestic and personal service was second to manufacturing and mechanical industries in most cities and presents special problems which will be discussed later. Because of the
uniTersal importance of manufacturing and mechanical industries
and because of significant differences among the industries
within this group, it is considered first and in somewhat greater detail than the other main groups of industries.
Bulldlng Industry and Related Industries
Of the industries classified as manufacturing and mechanical,
the building industry accounted for relatively large numbers
of workers on relief i.n all cities. In all but 2 of the 79
cities, workers from building trades were a larger proportion
of all workers on relief than of gainful workers in the general
population of 1930 in these cities. The two exceptions were
Butte, Mont., and Gastonia, N. C., in which workers on strike
fr0111 mines and cot ton 111ills distorted the distribution of workers on relief. Workers from building trades were comparatively
large proportions of &11 workers on relief in commercial cities
such as Washington, Boston, and New York City. In the weighted
urban relief sample they constituted 13 percent of the total,
and in indiTidual cities they ranged from 22 percent in Washington, D. C., to only 3 percent in Butte, Mont. (Chart 71.
In q9 of the 79 cities building workers were from 10 to 15 percent of all workers on relief. In only 9 cities were they more
than l!) percent, and in 21 cities they were less than 10 percent of the total. The relief picture in respect to building
workers appears, therefore, to have been strikingly similar in
110st of the cities surveyed, and in many cities workers formerly
employed in the building industry were the largest group of
workers on relief fr0111 any single industry.
Two ■annfacturing and mechanicd industries in which unemployaent is affected by fluctuation in the building trades are the
lnaber industry and the clay, glass, and stone industry. In 7
of the 79 cities lumber mills and factories of the type related
to building were important; in 6 of these I Oshkosh, Wis., Jackson, Hiss.,LittleRock, Ark., Sagin:tw, Mich., Burlington, Vt.,
and (enosha, Wis.), the lumber industry accounted for a larger
proportion of the workers on relief than of gainful workers in
1930; in the seventh city, Everett, Wash., the relief and Census proportions were practically the same (Appendix Table 121.
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2LJ
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
The clay, glass, and stone industry was relatively important
in 10 cities and in 7 of these it was over-represented among
workers on relief. Thus, workers from both of these industries
which are economically related to the building industry were
relatively more numerous among workers on relief, in general,
than among gainful workers in the 1930 population of thecities.
Metal Industries
Two other industries related in part to building are blast
furnaces and steel rolling mills, and other iron and steel industries. In Pittsburgh, Wheeling, and Duluth, the three cities in which blast furnaces and steel rolling mills were the
largest industry, workers on relief from this industry were a
slightly larger proportion of all workers on relief than were
gainful workers from this industry in the 1930 population.
Other iron and steel industries were important in a larger number of cities and in approximately half of these cities workers
from this industry appeared to be over-represented on relief.
The picture of both of these industries in this study seems to
be much more favorable than would be expected from a knowledge
of the state of the industries and employment in them in Hay
193LJ. The breadth of the industrial classification is undoubtedly responsible in part for these conditions in connect ion with
iron and steel industries, for the individual industries included are not at all homoi?eneous in character and therefore
reflect widely different conditions in different cities. In
the case of blast furnaces and steel rolling mills, the results
of the study may be partially inadequate because only the cities themselves and not industrial areas were covered in the survey; since many large blast furnaces and steel rolling mills
are on the outskirts of a city, with workers also living outside the city, the limitations of the coverage of such workers
in this study are obvious. However, it is also possible that
factors such as greater mobility or economic resources of workers from these industries tended to keep them off relief rolls
even though they were i?reatly affected by unemplOftllent.
Three other industries which may also be characterized as
metal are metal industries except iron and steel, electrical
machinery and supply factories, and aut0111obile factories and
repair shops. Workers from the first of these three industries,
metal except iron and steel, constituted larger proportions of
the relief population than of the general population in 193()
in most cities in which they were important, the exceptions
being Kenosha, Wis., andBridgeport, Conn. Electrical machinery
and supply factories, however, revealed opposite tendencies in
that workers from them were a smaller proportion of relief workers in all cities in which the industry was important than of
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASS AND INDUSTRY OF WORKERS
25
Percent
URBA• SUIAIARY
13.0
••1l'l,n9tor,. O. C.
22.1
2C. !>
10.1
19.0
1 7. J
l!lostor,, Wass.
•e• York. N, Y.
9r,dgeport, Con"·
S,1n O, •to, Ca I, f.
Rochester, Ill. Y,
lilil•aui.ee, •••·
Pitl!l.bur7t1, P11.
17.2
1~.6
1'L6
Salt lAIIIP C,t,. Utaft
little )lock, lrk,
1~.J
11.9
Alo.ror,, Ohio
Oalrl•nd, Calif.
Ct nc inf'lat i, 01'110
Cleveland, Ohio
14.8
1'.I
Oetrn,t, 1111,ch.
Los Angplu, Cal if.
14.2
Enid,
Ollla.
1•.o
1).A
lloctdord, 111.
Buffalo. N. Y.
l1l111ington, Del.
Kansas City, Mo,
llurlin;to11,'lt.
Lewingto",
14. 3
14.)
1).6
13.1
Kr,
"IP• 0rle11ns,
1J.8
1), 7
13.6
13.2
La.
1).2
San Franc,sco, Cal,(.
13.1
~ead1r,9, Pa.
8•!ilt,•ore, Wd,
W,ch.
1).2
1),1
1).1
Sag,na ■•
Minneapol,s, Mir,n.
1).1
Fort
Ind,
St. Paul, Winn.
12.9
12.9
Rock
11.~
••1"••
Island,
Ill.
Pro¥1de,,ce, A. I.
S,ou• rails, 5, Oak.
Portland, V..ine
L1nn, Wass.
Schenec!ad1, •• Y.
P.. terson, It. J,
Hibbing. Winn,
Oulu!h, W,nn.
Kla,.ath ralls, Oreg.
flllll i not, N. Dall.
Port 1.•out h, N. H,
(I Paso, Tuas
Antonia, Conn.
A I buQuerQue. II. Ve•.
S,ou• CitJ, lo••
Atl1nta, Ga.
Charleston, S. C.
ln,j11M .. POI 11,, Ind.
Clo..,prs..,ille, Jill, Y.
Chicago, Ill.
Houston, Teirss
Jacii,on, W1 'IS.
Oshkosh, W,s,
heret t, Wuh,
11.7
11.'i
11.1
12.1
11.1
11.1
11.9
11.8
11.7
Marquette. Mich.
10.0
Shel ton, Conn.
Kenosha, Wis.
•hul ing, •· Ya.
Charlotte, II. C.
Laiieland. rla.
Benton Harbor, Mich,
IJ1t"'1ngha"', Ala.
Joplin, Wo.
Manchester, II. H.
F1ndl•1, Ohio
St. lov,s, Wo,
Wilku-811rre, Pa.
Derby, Conn.
Bi lo•i, Miu.
llo•I
In;
Gr••"•
Ky.
Evansville, Ind.
Norfolk, Ya.
Oougla:1, Ariz.
Lake Charles, L•.
Gastonia, II. C.
Shenandoah, Pa,
llutte, lilont,
11. 7
11, 6
11.6
11.6
11. ~
11.5
11.1
11.3
11. J
11.2
10.9
10.'l
10. 3
10.1
10. 0
9,9
9.~
9.1
9.1
8.8
8. 7
8.!>
8.5
8.2
8.2
8.0
8.0
7,9
7.1
7. 2
7.2
7.0
e.1
e. 0
CHART 7 - PERCENT OF ALL WORKERS ON RELIEF THAT
WERE BUILDING WORKERS
IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
AF-1443, W.PA.
133066 0-17----4
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26
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
the gainful workers in these cities in 1930 (Schenectady, N. Y.,
Bridgeport, Conn., Fort Wa,ne, Ind., and Lynn, Mass.). The combining of workers from aut01110bile factories and repair shops ia
the city data conceals what appeared in the urban su11111ary to
be different characteristics for 1110rkers from auto11obile factories as distinct from repair shops. e The fomer were definitely under-represented among workers on relief, whereas the
latter were over-represented. The under-representation of workers from automobile factories is strikingly shown in Detroit.
In cities where automobile factories were unimportant and repair shops accounted for most of the workers classified as from
automobile factories or repair shops, such workers were overrepresented on relief.. In the case of the rubber industry,
which is closely related to the aut011obile industry, particularly in Akron, t~e same tendency towards under-representation
among workers on relief was found. The figures for Akron especi ally ma, reflect the effect of seasonal operations in the
major industry upon the relief load in the month in which this
study was made.
Consumers' Goods Industries
The remaining industries classified as manufacturing and mechanical are chiefly what are commonly called consumers' goods
industries. 7 In general these industries have been less severely affected by cyclical. unemployment than have the so-called
heavy industries al.though they have been continuously affected
by seasonal unemployment. The most inportant of the consumers'
goods industries are probably the manufacture of textiles,
shoes, food, and clothing; it might be expected that such industries 1110uld show similar relationship between econoaic conditions and relief loads, but differences among them, even for
the same industries in different cities, are clearly indicated
in the present study. To some extent, however, cities in which
the same industry predominated show similar characteristics in
respect to the workers on relief.
Textile industries were fairly important in 17 cities. In
about half of these, workers on relief from textile industries
accounted for proportionally more workers than in the general
populations of the cities; and in the other half they accounted
for fewer. The cities which showed an over-representation of
workers from textile industries were chiefly the cotton textile
Clsee Part I, .lppendU Table 6, pp. 128-128.
7or the re■ alnlng lnduatrlea not preY1oual7 dlacuaaed, those lllllcb ■ 117 not
be claas1r1ed as cb11r17 consu■era• goods 1nduatr1ea are paper, pr1nt1ng,
and allied lnduatrlea, and ■ tacellaeoua ■ anuracturlnc lnduatrlea. or tbe
latter ao■ e are or tbe conau■era• cooda type but clDJlot be ldentUUd ln
tbe present study.
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SOCIO-ICONOMIC CLASS AND INDUSTRY OF YORKERS 27
towns (Manchester, N. H., Gastonia, N. C., Burlington, Vt.,
Ansonia, Conn., and Derb7, Conn. L 1 In the cities in which
silt was iaportant, Paterson, N. J., Wilkes-Barre, Pa., and
Gloversville, N. T., workers from the industry appeared to be
on relief in saaller proportions than among all gainful workers
iD 1930, Yith the exception of Rockford, Ill., workers from
knitting ■ ills were apparently under-represented on relief in
comparison with their 1930 proportions. Workers from the miscellaneous textile industries were a slightly larger proportion
of all workers on relief in the three cities in which such industries were found than in the 19,:) working population of those
cities.
Workers froaclothing industries and shoe factories revealed
similar tendencies in respect to their proportions in relief
loads. In the cities in which they were most important they
were almost universally over-represented on relief. There were
two exceptions: Gloversville, N. Y.,• with its highly specialized industry of glove manufacturing, and St. Louis, where workers from shoe industries were a smaller part of the relief than
of the general population.
Of the workers from the food industries, those who had for■erly worked in bakeries and slaughter and packing houses accounted for rel&tively fewer workers on relief than in the
general population of 1930, whereas workers fr011 other food industries were over-represented in 11ost cities. For example,
in Biloxi, Hiss. , where fish canning is important, twice as
high a proportion of workers on relief as in the working population of 1930 were from food industries. The fishing and canning season in Biloxi closed shortl1 before the study was made,
so that the large proportion of workers on relief from this industry was largel1 due to seasonal factors.
In seven of the eight cities in which cigar and tobacco factories were important, workers frOIII these industries formed a
larger proportion of all workers on relief than of gainful workers in the cities in 1930, This was particularly conspicuous
in Charleston, S. C., Lexington, (y., and Findlay, Ohio.
Manufacturing and mechanical industries were, in general,
over-represented among workers on relief in most of the 79 cities. Wide differences existed among different types of manufacturing industries, however, and, for the same industry,
differences existed M10ng the cities in which the industry was
important.
A few industries revealed a universal tendency
1 Vol'ktl'& fl'oa tilt &Ult lndu&tl'J &lac, ..... Oil l'tllef Ill UCtHl .... proportion& 1n DtrbJ,
•1n 010Ytl'&Y111t, tbt ■anutactUl'lDI In llOTIS ■&1Dt&1Dtd &l■oat a pre-depre&&lOll leYel, A atrllte arrected about 9 percent or tbe workers la the
lnduatl'J, but &till 414 aot bl'llll tbe proportion or worker& tro■ tbe ladu&tl'J Ill th& l'tlltf 10&4 up to tbelr 1980 proportion.
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28
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
towards greater concentration of workers on relief than in the
working population. This was particularly true of the building
industry, clothing and cotton textile industries, and certain
food industries. Other industries showed an opposite tendency,
especially electrical supply factories, and certain industries
broadly classified as metal manufacturing.
Other Groups of Industries
In a few cities such as Butte, Mont., Shenandoah, Pa., Bibbing, Minn., and Wilkes-Barre, Pa., extraction of minerals is
the largest industry. In Butte, a strike of workers in copper
mines accounted not only for an excessh'ely large proportion
of miners on relief but also for the exceedingly hiah relief
rate of the community. In the three other cities miners were
also a larger proportion of the relief load than of the general
working population. Mining was thus over-represented in the
relief loads of the four mining cities included in the surYey.
Domestic and personal service was second to manufacturing
and mechanical industries in numerical importance in most cities. With few exceptions, workers from this industry were a
considerably larger proportion of all workers on relief than
of gainful workers in these cities in 1930. This was particularly true in southern cities where the proportion of domestic
service workers to all workers on relief was S011etimes twice
as great as in the general population.
Two other industry groups of smaller numerical importance
which were more heavily represented in the relief than in the
general population were agriculture, to and fishing and forestr7.
In respect to agriculture, the high incidence of relief ma, result from the fact that both famers and farm laborers were
attracted to neighbo~ing towns by relief which was more available in towns and cities than in rural cOlldlunities in the earlier period of Federal assistance. The relatively great importance of fishing and forestry among workers on relief is due
to different reasons in different communities. In some, it was
the generally depressed or seasonal conditions in either fishing or forestry; in others, it was the fact that young men had
been sent to the Civilian Conse"ation Corps and their jobs,
classified as forestry, abnormally increased the proportion of
such workers on relief in communities in which few such workers
would otherwise be found.
The industry groups showing a conspicuous and almost universal tendency to be under-represented among 'WOrkers on relief
Lar1e proporttona or worll.ers were rro■ agriculture ln Albuquerque, K.
Nez •• Charlotte, s. c .• IDld, Ok.la •• Lezlngton, 1:7., SloulC Clt7, Iowa,
and SlOUlC ra11a. s. Dall..
10
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASS AND INDUSTRY OF WORKERS
29
were trade, professional service, and public service. Since
employment intbese industries bas held a relatively high level
during the depression, workers from them would be expected to
be less heavily represented on relief than workers from many
other industries. Of the transportation and communication
group, steam railroads showed the same tendency as the above
industries; workers from other transportation and communication
industries were over-represented on relief rolls in orany cities,
because of the effect of work relief upon the industry. Many
of the workers on relief in May 1931' who reported their usual
industry as road and street building bad bad their first and
only job on the road building proJects that predominated in the
early stages of work relief programs. The other transportation
and communication industry group, therefore, included an abnormally high proportion of workers on relief.
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Chapter Ill
MAJOR OCCUPATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF UNEMPLOYED
YORIBRS ON RELIEF IN THE 79 CITIES
Unemployed workers were bf far the largest group of workers
on relief in 110st of the 79 cities; they constituted at le11St
a ujori tr of all workers on relief in every city except Butte,
Hontana. 1 The ultillate solution of the unemployment relief
problea, therefore, depends upon the prospects of re-employment of these workers in private industrJ. The opportunity for
earployaent is, of course, the first prerequisite, but in addition, the relative employability of the workers themselves is
also important. The ■ajor occupational characteristics--age,
occupation, and duration of eiaplo7111ent-are of great significance in connection with emplo7abilitJ. These characteristics
are inter-related and a!!ect ■ateria.lly a worker's chance of
re-emplo7111ent 1 in private industry. Thus a work.er with adequate occupational experience ■af have reached an age at which
he is discriminated against in hiring; this fact together with
a long period of idleness would undoubtedly militate against
his obtaining a job unless there were a scarcity of labor. Although no attempt is aade in the following discussion to relate
statisticallJ these factors of occupation, age, and duration
of unemplo,-ent, their inter-relationship should not be overlooked.
USUAL OCCUPATION OP UNIHPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF
A complete picture of occupational experience of unemployed
workers cannot be shown in simple statistical terms. This study,
however, attempts to give the broad outline of such experience
bJ presentina the Hual occupation which, in most instances,
is probably that of greatest significance in an individual's
work histor,. The usual occupation of all unemployed workers
l~!J years of age on relief in each of the 79 cities is presented in considerable detail in Appendix Table i,. These
occupational data are su•arized here
(1) bf a comparison of
the ■ain occupational groups of both workers on relief and
1tae 1arae proporuon or •p101ed worker• on rellet tn Butte tn M&1 1934.
• • dlle to a atrlltt or copper ■ lnera. Str11teu were c1au1t1ed u ea,107ed,
1.. e Part I, p. N.
31
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32
URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBP
workers in the aeneral populations in 60 o! the 79 cities• !or
which comparable data are available; (2) by an analysis o! the
six largest indh'idual occupations represented by the unemployed
on relief and the laraest single occupation !or each sex and
race in the 79 cities; and (3) by an analysis of the specialized man11fact11rina cities which showed concentration o!vorkers
in a !ew selected occupations.
Distribution of UnMployed Workers on Relief and of Gainful
Workers In 1930 •ong Main Occupational Groups In SO Cltle,
A comparison o! the occupational distribution o! unemployed
workers on relief with the occupational distribution o! gain!111 workers in the population o! 1930 indicates the differences
in the incidence o! relief !or different occupations in the 60
cities !or which occupational data are available in the Census
(Appendix Table 13}. The deta.Ued occupational data presented
in these appendix tables may be more easily suaaarized, howeYer,
by the use o! 10 occupational groups which are in part a broad
industry classification. Two differences should be noted between the 10 aain occupational groups discussed here and the
10 main industry aroups discussed in chapter II. First, tbe
occupation data include ouly uneaployed workers rather than all
workers on relief; and second, the classification by ■ain occupational aronps differs somewhat from the industry classification. In the industry classification all workers are grouped
under the industry in which they are usually employed, regardless o! their occupation,. and the industry is then listed under
one o! the main industry groups. For example, all workers in
glass factories are classified in the group clay, glass, and
stone industries, under the aain group aanufacturing and ■e
chanical industries. In the occupational classification, however, all workers are grouped accoi-dlng to their usual occupation, reaardless o! the industry in which they are usually
employed. The occupations are then classified under that general group in which they are aost apt to be pursued: truck
drhers under transportation; blacksaiths under ■anu!acturing
and aechanical. Clerks, who appear in all fields o! industry,
are classified in a separate aroup, clerical occupations.
0a the basis of a coaparison of tbeir relath'e i■portace
aaong the noraal working population and the relief population,
the 10 occupational groups are dh'ided into 2 classes: (1) those
occupational groups wbic• in most cities constituted a lar,er
proportion o! the unemployed workers on relief than o! all gaiatui workers; (2) those that were a saaller proportion o! the
8 occ,apatlon Cl&ta are
poplll&tlOD.
•.ooo
aot &ftll&ble fro■ tll.e Cuna tor tile 11 ct tlH u••r
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OCCUPATIONS-AGB-DURATION OP UNBMPLOYMENT
33
unemployed on relief than o! the gainful workers in 110st cities
in 1930- The !ot11er class includes agriculture, fishing and
!orestrr, ■ ining, ■anufacturine and mechanical, transportation
and coaanication, and dollestic and personal se"ice occupations: and the latter includes public se"ice, trade, professional se"ice, and clerical occupations.
Tab le 9-PERCE NT OF TOTAL UNEIIPLOYE O •ORK( RS• ON RE LI CF IN MAY t 934
ANO OF TOTAL GAINFUL WORKERS FROM THESE OCCUPATIONS
IN 1930" IN CITIES OF OVER 25,000 POPULATION
PEACEIIT
Cl TY MD STATE
AEL I EF
PERCENT
Cl TY AND STAT£
RELIEF
19'4
CENSUS
19,0
47. 7
42 .4
42.3
42 .1
41.9
30.0
36,3
24 ,9
)).0
38.3
41.3
40. 3
40.0
39.5
39.1
17.1
26.2
36.9
30.5
21.9
J!l,9
JA,5
36.5
36.3
35.6
25.0
26.4
29.6
19.3
26.2
Houston, Tex.
Sioux City, lo.a
34.9
33.9
33.8
33, 7
3). 7
26.5
22. t
27,9
29,5
30.0
Little Rock, Ark.
fl Paso, Te,.
32.9
32.1
19)4
CENSUS
19,0
llanchester, N. H.
lloeding, Pa.
Lym, lolo$s.
Kenosha, Wi a.
8rid119POrt, Conn,
68.3
66. 7
64.4
6'. t
61.9
59.0
57.2
51. 7
~.6
50.6
Winneapal is, Minn,
Providence, R,
Rochester, N. Y,
Paterson, N. J.
Schenectady, N. Y.
Oshkosh, Wi S,
60.4
60.0
59. t
58.2
!'R,1
<14.5
43.9
53. I
45.8
47.8
Sat1 Francisco, Cal if.
Rockford, 111.
Mi lnukee, Wis.
Oetroi t, Mich.
llock laland, 111.
57. 7
57.0
56.9
54,8
54.8
50.0
46. 2
46,3
41!.5
45.8
Fort .,yne, Ind.
Buffalo, N. Y.
Everett, ... h.
Evanavi I le, !rd.
Wil•i119ton, Del.
52.3
51.4
51.2
49.3
49. I
43.3
40.6
42. I
44.3
41. 7
Akron, Ohio
Boston, llass.
Clevelan:1, Ohio
47.9
47. 7
47. 7
46.9
46,0
52.4
)2.0
44,3
32.0
34.8
45,4
45.0
44.8
44.S
44.3
)4.4
29.9
)6.2
)2.9
37.0
,.
Sagine11, Mich.
N• York, N, Y.
...,.ling,•• Va.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
St. Paul, lliM.
Chicago.
Oakland, Cal if.
"1.
Cincinnati, Ohio
.. ..,,.,_. ...,. ... n
1t-t.t ,..,.
It,..,.. or.,. •.., ... ,.
lndianapol is, Ind.
Portl,and, Jl&aine
Duluth, Winn,
Baltimore, Wd.
Chari est on, S. C.
St. Louis, Mo.
Joplin, llo.
Son 01e90. Calif.
Solt Lake City, Utah
kan$as City, We.
Sioux Fal Is, S. Cale.
•ashington, O. C.
Los Angeles, Calif,
NN Orleans, la,
Lexington, Ky.
Enid, Okla.
Ri ""i ngham, Ala.
32.1
Jadc1on, Miss.
30,3
29.B
21.4
29.6
29. 7
24.4
)0.0
28.3
27 .3
27 .2
27.0
17 .2
n.4
24, 7
26.9
25.3
15.4
Charlotte, N, C,
Albuquerque, N. Mex.
Atlanta, Ga.
Wi 1kes Rarre, Pa.
Norfolk, Va.
Butte, Mont.
or at••
b"fheal,A C:e•• o/ , .. ,_,._, , ..... IIJt, ,-..1.uon
Y•1-- rt, State T81t1H • 111d I.
Galnhl .orNr•
The group o! ■anafactaring and mechanical occupations was
larger than any other !or both the eain!ullJ employed and the
relief populations of a great majority o! the 60 cities, the
exceptions being Batte, Mont.,and Wilkes-Barre, Pa., where the
largest groups were !r011 mining, and a !ew cities in which doaestic and personal senice was the largest group. In all but
2 of the 60 cities the proportion o! workers !r011 manu!acturlne
and aechanical occupations was hieher uong the unemployed on
relief than aaong eain!al worters in 193(). These two exceptions
were Akron, Ohio, and Charlotte, N. C. The relath'e importance
of workers froa manu!actarine and mechanical occupations in
both the relief and general populations of each o! the 60 cities ■ay be seen in Table 9.
,
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URBAN WORIBRS ON RELIEF
The occupational group second in importance to manufacturing
in most cities was domestic and personal se"ice. As would be
expected, persons in these low-paid, unstable types of jobs
were found in greater proportions on the relief rolls than in
the working population in most of the 60 cities. In six cities
(Boston, Mass., Bridgeport, Conn., Charleston, S. C., RYerett,
Wash., New York,N. Y., and ProYidence, R. I.) the domestic and
personal service group was relatively larger a1110ng the gainful
workers than among workers on relief, and in Saginaw, Hieb.,
it formed the same proportion of each. In all of these cities
except Charleston,$. C., the proportion of the total number in
the occupation of se"ants proper was unusuallr small both in
the relief and in the 1930 population. In general, southern
cities showed the greatest difference between total gainful
workers and unemployed on relief from do111est ic and personal service occupations. Norfolk, Va., with 19 percent of its gainful
workers in 1930 and IJ3 percent of its relief load i-11 this group,
had the largest nriation. Cities showing the sullest difference between the relief and general populations were largely
northern and western manufacturing and commercial centers, where
the number usually employed in domestic and ~rsonal service
was not more than 10 percent of each population.
Transportationand collll'llunication occupations were relatively
important in the relief population of lllOSt of the 60 cities.
In only five cities (Charleston, S. C., Norfolk, Va., Wilmington, Del., Birmingham, Ala., Wilkes-Barre, Pa.) was the proportion among workers on relief as small as the proportion in the
general population.
In the six cities of Akron, Ohio, San
Diego, Calif., Paterson, N. J., Albuquerque, N. Mex., Sioux
Falls, S. Oak., and Wheeling, W. Va., workers in transportation
and co111D1unication occupations were about twice as large a proportion of the relief population as of the nor11&l working population of the cities. This occupational group would have been
somewhat less important aaong workers on relief in lllOSt cities
had it not been for the fact t bat many workers who had had no
other usual occupation than relief wrk bad worked as laborers
in the building and maintenance of roads, streets, sewers, and
bridges, which occupations were classified in transportation
and communication.'
Agriculture and fishing and forestry were unimportant occupational groups for the nor111al population in lllOSt of the !iO
cities. But in a number of cities the proportion on relief was
larger t ban the proportion of gainful workers in 1930. The
reasons for this may have been, first, in the case of agricultural occupations, the drift of rural unemployed workers to
'workers Whose only experlence had been at work rellet lobe rePorted thos•
jobs as thelr usual occupatlon~
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OCCUPATIONS-AGE-DURATIONS OP UNEMPLOYMENT
35
cities in which relief was frequently more easily available,
or the presence on relief of comparatively large numbers of retired f&nllers; second, in the case of forestry, the inclusion
of workers in CiTilian Conse"ation Corps in this category; and
third, in fishing, the seasonal or general economic conditions
in the cities in which fishing was important. Ten percent or
110re of the unemployed on relief in six cities reported their
usual occupations in agriculture Ulbuqnerque, N. Hex., Charlotte, N. C., Enid, Okla., Lexington, Ky., Sioux City, Iowa,
and Sioux Palls, S. Dak.t. In each of these cities the proportion was higher than &1110ng gainful workers in 1930,
Mining occupations were also relatively unimportant in most
of the 60 cities, the exceptions
being Butte, Mont., Joplin
Mo., and Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 6 In these three cities miners were
a auch larger proportion of unemployed workers on relief than
of gainful workers in 1930,
The four remaining occupational groups were less heavily
represented aaong une111ployed workers on relief than in the general populationofthe 60 cities with the one exception of public se"ice occupations in Schenectady, N. Y.
The 3 other
groups, trade, professional service, and clerical occupations
were of varying importance in the 60 cities. Professional service, though not generally important in the relief load of 110st
cities, was of greatest importance in the relief load of Los
Angeles, and comparatively important also in New York, San Francisco, and Oakland. Workers from professional service were under-represented on relief even in these cities.
Workers in trade aade up 10 percent or more of the gainful
workers in all 60 cities, but were less important in industrial
than in canercial centers. This difference by type of city
was reflected in the relief load, although workers from trade
were a saaller proportion of the relief group than of all gainful workers in 1930, In about one-third of the 6o cities, trade
occupations were less than half as large proportionately among
the relief group as among the 1930 population.
Clerical workers, and also workers in trade pursuits, were
■ore important in the gainful and relief populations of those
larger cities which were not chief17 manufacturing in character
than in other cities. For example, the city with the largest
proportion of unemployed on relief in this oecupational group
was New York, with 10 percent. Al though Washington had the
largest proportion of its gainful workers in clerical occupations in 1930, it was the city which showed the greatest difference between the proportion of its workers normally employed
in clerical jobs and their proportion among unemployed on relief;
...1D1DI waa l■Port&Dt in 1:lto c1t1ea under &IS,000 population, Shenandoah,
.... U4 llbbln1, 111M, 8H lndustr7 data, chapter II, p. 28.
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36
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
22 percent of all gainful l«:>rkers in Washington in 1930 were
classed as clerical workers , whereas aaong those on relief in
1931.J, only 3 percent reported these occupations. The extent
of government emplo711ent aong- clerical workers ia Washington
undoubtedly accounted tor this diUerence. Southern cities,
for the most part, bad the widest ditferences in the proportion
of clerical workers in the relief as compared with the general
populations.
The occupational distribution ot unemployed wrkers on relief
in the 19 cities tor which no c011parisons with the 1930 working
population are &Yailable ■a1 be seen in Appendix Table 13.
The I Larae1t Occupation• Altong un.. ployed Worker, on
Relief In 79 Cltle1
The main occupational groups discussed aboYe give a general
picture of the type of occupations represented •ong unemplo7ed
workers on relief in 60 of the 79 cities and their relatiYe importance b7 comparison with the occupational distribution of
the 1930 population in these cities. Such large occupational
groups, however, conceal certain significant facts concerning
the occupational distribution of workers on relief. Host important of these is the tendency toward concentration of une11plo7ed workers on relief in a few occupations . CeFtain occupations recur among · the largest six in 11ost of the 79 cities, and
their proportion in the relief population usually exceeds their
proportion among all gainful workers in 1930.
Somewhat oYer one-third of the experienced u,u!IIQ1M>7ed workers in the urban relief sample as a whole were iucluded in six
occupations: servants, chauffeurs and truck dri..-ers, building
and general laborers, salesmen and sales1«men, carpenters, and
painters. From 25 to 35 percent of all unemployed workers on
relief were from these occupations in 1.16 of the 79 cities. The
proportion was lowest I 10. percent I in Shenandoah, Pa., where
mine laborers constituted two-thirds ot all workers on relief.
The proportion was highest 153 percent I in Washington, where
service and building workers were especiall7 numerous.
The majoriw of cities having relativel7 large proportions
of unemployea on relief from these six major occupations were
southern and western. In eastern and central cities the sit
occupations were much less important. The economic character
of a city , however, is ot equal importance with geographical
location in determining what proportion of its relief population
comes from these six occupations. In specialized manufacturing
and mining centers the major part of tbe population worked in
occupations peculiar to the d011inant industry. The six largest
occupations of the urban relief population were those demanding
unspecialized, less skilled workers Cse"ants, chauffeurs and
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OCCUPATIONS-AGE-DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT
37
tt'llck drivers, general laborers) and skilled building workers.
Building workers are a relatively larger part of the working
population and of the relief population in diversified manufacturing or co•ercial centers than in specialized cities.
Io southern cities well over 30 percent of the unemployed
on relief were from these six occupations, principally because
of the high proportion of servants on relief. The only exceptions in the South were Wheeling, W. Va., where coal miners and
workers in iron and steel industries made up a large part of
the relief load, and a few small cities with specialized industries, like Biloxi, Hiss., where fishermen and fish packers made
up q5 percent of workers on relief, and Gastonia, N. C., where
textile mill operatives accounted for q9 percent of the unemployed on relief.
Table 10-0ISTRIBUTION OF 79 CITIES BY PERCENT OF TOTH
UNEMPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF IN MAY
193• IN SIX LARGEST OCCUPATIONS
PEACENT OF WOAl<EAS
1'.9 Percent
19.9 Percent
2•.9 Percent
29.9 Percent
),1.9 Percent
)9.9 Percent
•o.o - ••. 9 Percent
45.0 Percent and over
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
)0.0
)5.0
-
Nl.NBER OF CITIES
2
5
10
211
20
12
)
I
Host western cities also drew a large part of their relief
unemployed from 1110rkers in these six occupations; only in Butte,
Mont., where the copper mining industry dominates the occupational characteristics of the city, was the percent in the six
occupations relatively low ( 18 percent I. Io eastern and central cities where manufacturing is of greater importance than
trade or domestic service, the six occupations had small representation in the relief population.
When the six largest occupations among the unemployed on
relief in each city are listed, servants are among the six in
all cities except Bridgeport and Derby, Conn.; chauffeurs and
truck drivers, in 65 cities; building and general laborers, in
53 cities; salesmen and salesW0111en, in q5 cities; carpenters,
in 32 cities; and painters, in 2q cities. Servants, chauffeurs
and tt'llck drivers, building and general laborers, and salesmen
and saleswomen appeared also aaong the six largest occupations
rather consistently throughout the four geographic areas. In
the East, operatives in textile mills and miscellaneous manufacturing were next in importance; in the South, farm laborers
and laundresses; in central cities, operatives in iron and steel
industries, and clerks; and in the West, farm laborers and
miners (Appendix Table 1q1.
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
38
Occupational Concentration of Un•ployed Workers on Relief In
the 29 Speclallzed Manufacturing and Mining Cities
The unemplo)'lllent relief problem in specialized cities is obviously closely related to the economic conditions in one or
perhaps two industries, with the possibility of reaainine a
Table 11-TIIIENTY-NINE SPECIALIZED CITIES BY PERCENT OF UNEMPLOYED WORKERS
ON RELIEF" IIAY 193• ANO OF GAINFUL WORKERS IN THE
GENERAL POPULATION 1930b IN SELECTED OCCUPATIONSc
PERCENT IN ~ECTEO OCCI.PATIONS
TYPE OF SPECIAi.i ZED CITY
RE\.IEF 193'
CENSUS 19,0
lletel and ""'chinery cities
29.3
21.9
17.2
28.•
26.1
22.0
Ansonia, Conn.
Bridgeport, Conn.
Cleveland, Ohio
Detroit, Mich.
Douglas, A.riz.
Fort ~ayne, Ind,
Kenosha, .Wis.
Mi I waukee, Ii s.
Providence, R. I.
Rock ford, I 11 ,
~k Island, 111,
Saginaw, Mich.
Schenectady, N. Y.
Textile cities
Gastonia, N. C.
Manchester, N. H.
Paterson, N. J.
Reading, Pa.
Shel ton, Conn.
d
2).6
20.2
28.8
•
20.•
23. 7
20.1
2•. 7
22. 7
26.S
20.8
28.1
20. I
17.2
19.2
22.2
22.8
23.8
25.•
•9.0
22.3
22.2
10.7
21,3
17 .1
2•.2
16,1
d
Other specialized manufacturing cities
Akron, CJ,io
Biloxi. Wiss.
Everett, Vlash.
13,7
22.1
16.0
31.2
17.0
2•.&
22.2
15.•
18. 7
13, 7
U,4
:36.2
27.•
68.5
39,8
2•.o
•s.3
Gloversville, N. Y.
Klamath Falls, Ore.
Lynn, Mass.
Oshkosh, Wis.
d
•
d
Mining cities
But le, llont.
Hibbing, Minn.
Shenandoah, Pa,
Wilkes &rre, Pa.
•
d
..~10,ect ..,.,.,. u-M , ..,. or age.
tt,,,
....,. c.,.._
l•U••
II,.,.. or •1• afld onr.
of , ..
lta&a 1,,0, fi0pll1allot1 Yoh•• n. ltah TQIH • and I.
CIICIIIII•• oparatlw" af'ICI laborer-. hi
Nelli
&ah1f•I
■Ol'lera
tna ., llllf•Ur7. ud , . . . . . . , .... NClllnuy cltlN. cerlal ■
•-11 lM •orkera u •all.
dee . . .
Nt an.11a,1a tor cltlH •In ,.,.1,t1• .,...r H.NI.
••ta
serious problem over a long period in event that the econ011ic
conditions in the crucial industry ill the city remain depressed,
or in event of technological or other chanees affectine unfavorably the re-employment prospects of workers ill the c01111ulli ty.
In specialized manufacturing 8 or ainine cities, the six
largest occupations previously discussed accounted for saaller
8.l cltJ' wu clualtled u apecl&llsed ■uutacturln1 U ln 1980 approzt■atelJ'
20 percent or ■ore or lta aalntul popalatlon wu eqqed ln one lndllatl'J'.
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OCCUPATIONS-AGE-DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT
39
proportions of the unemployed on relief than in commercial or
diversified manufacturing cities. Twenty-nine of the 79 cities
fell into the specialized 111anufacturing or mining classification according to the definition used, and occupatio~s characteristic of the most important industry in the city were the
largest among the unemployed on relief. Thirteen of these 29
cities were metal or machinery centers; 5 were textile cities;
7 were centers of rubber, food, clothing, leather, or lumber
and furniture industries; and q were mining towns (Table 111.
In all but 6 of these 29 cities of specialized economic type,
one-fifth or more of the unemployed on relief were from occupations defini tel7 related to the predominant industry. The
most extreme concentrations were in the mining cities, in Gastonia, N. C., a textile city, and Biloxi, Hiss., a fishing and
canning center.
Of the 20 cities for which comparisons with the 1930 populat ion are made, 13 had a larger proportion of the unemployed
workers on relief from the occupations related to the most important industry in the city than the proportion in the population of 1930. The seven cities in which the opposite was the
case were: four of the metal cities, Bridgeport, Cleveland,
Detroit, and Saginaw; two textile cities, Paterson and Reading;
and a rubber city, Akron.
Co.parison of Relief and General Populations in Respect to Proportion of Norkers in the I Largest Occupations in ISO Cities
When the proportion of the unemployed on relief in 1931l in
each of the 6 largest occupations in the urban relief sample
is compared with that of the gainful population in the same occupation in 1930 in 60 ci tiei:1, 7 it is found that in most cities
the relief proportion was greater for all occupations except
salesmen and saleswomen. 8 In all cities salesmen and saleswomen
constituted a smaller proportion of the unemployed on relief
than of the gainful workers; in three-fifths of the cities the
relief proportion was less than half as great as that in the
normal working population. Chauffeurs and truck drivers, on
the other hand, were a larger proportion of workers on relief
in 193q than of gainful workers in 1930 in every city; servants
were also relatively more numerous among workers on relief than
among gainful workers in every city except Charleston; carpenters, in all but five cities (Norfolk, Va., Albuquerque, N. Hex.,
Joplin, Ho., Charlotte, N. C., and St. Louis, Ho.I; and building and general laborers in all but eight cities IDuluth, Minn.,
7 occupattoa data are not aYallable tro■ th• Census tor the 111 clr.lH under
26,000 populatloa.
8 S&lea■en and aaleswo■ en included clerks ln stores.
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I.JO
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Houston, Texas, Enid, Okla., Jackson, Miss., Evansville, Ind.,
Oshkosh, Wis., Rockford, Ill., and Wilkes-Barre, Pa.). Painters
were over-represented in the relief load of Ma, 1931.J in eYer,
city except Butt.e, Mont., and in two-thirds of the 60 cities
they were at least twice as large a proportion of workers on
relief as of gainful workers in 1930. In general, therefore,
it may be said that !5 of the 6 lareest occupations in the
urban relief load as a whole were a larger proportion of the
total unemployed on relief than of the total gainful workers
in most of the 60 cities. .Among the 32 eastern and central cities with populations over 2!5,000, only Boston, Mass., Pittsburgh,
Pa., Kansas City, Mo., Indianapolis, Ind., and Minneapolis,
Minn., showed a proportion of workers in the six occupations
at or above the average of 31.J percent.
The Largest Single Occupation by Race and Sex of
Unemployed Workers on Relief In the 79 Cities
The largest single occupation for each race and sex group
not only reveals the differences in predominant occupations for
each group of workers, but also indicates the wider occupational.
rangeofwhite and Negro men on relief in the 79 cities than of
the women of either race. In well over half of the citJes, the
largest usual occupation for men of both races accounted for
less than 1!5 percent of the unemployed men of either race on
relief. In over two-thirds of the cities studied, the largest,
occupation of unemployed white women contained 20 percent or
more of their total on relief, and in all but two of the important Negro centers, the largest occupation among Negro workers on relief included over half of the unemplo7ed Negro W0111en.
White men had the greatest range of usual occupations. The
most important single occupation, chauffeurs and truck drivers,
appeared as the largest in less than a third of the cities. In
the South, in cities over 2~,000 population, their largest occupation was more often that of carpenters; in smaller southern
cities, it was farm laborers. In eastern and central cities,
some type of factory operative was frequently the largest occupation of white men on relief.
The largest occupation for white 'WOlllen was generally that of
servants; but in the South, where Ne1ro 'WOlllen fill most of the
servant jobs, the largest occupation of the white 1«)aen was
that of saleswomen, except for clothing operatives in Baltimore,
Md., operatives in cigar factories in Charleston, S. C., and
Lexington, Ky., and operatives in textile mills in Charlotte,
N. C., and Gastonia, N. C. In those eastern and central cities
in which the clothing industry is important, as in New York,
Bridgeport, St. Louis, and Rochester, the largest occupation
for white women was that of clothing operatives; in Evansville,
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OCCUPATIONS-AGE-DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT
til
Ind., it was that of ciear operatives; in Paterson, N. J.,
Readiae, Pa., Manchester, N. H., .Ansonia, Coon., and Derby,
Conn., operatives in textile aills.
The lareest occupation for Negro men was most often that of
buildine laborers; but in a,ricultural centers it was farm laborers; and in aoae of the larize commercial cities, such as
New York, Clenland, Minneapolis, and Atlanta, it was that of
chauffeurs and truck drivers. The largest occupation for Negro
WOilen was invariablJ that of senants. The proportion of Negro
11101Ben concentrated in this occupation was 70 percent in Wil■ iagton, Del., and 80 percent in Joplin, Ho. A few related domestic occupations, such as laundresses, waitresses, and char1«>11en, ~re the onlJ other occupations in which Negro women
appeared in any numbers in anJ citJ.
AGE OF UNEMPLOYED WORIBRS ON RELIEF IN 79 CITIES
The a,e of an unemployed worker is almost as important as
his occupation in deter■ inine his chance of re-employment.
Statistical aeasurement is exceedinlllY difficult, for a worker
in one occupation aa, be at a great disadvantage in his prospects for being re-hired at ti!5 years of age, whereas a worker
in another occupatioo, especially a skilled trade, ma, not be
under UJ handicap at this age. Furthermore, in the consideration of &Ile characteristics of unemployed workers on re lief,
it should be reme111bered that factors other than the incidence
of uaeaplo,-ent fordifferent age rroups detennined their presence on relief. Snch factors included the previous economic
status of workers, the number of their dependents, the extent
to which funds were available to care for all needy unemployed,
and the extent to which other fonis of caterorical relief may
have been available.
In the urbail relief suple as a whole it was found that the
average age of wrkers OD relief was somewhat higher than the
average for gainful workers in 1930. Data for many cities appear to substantiate the findings of the summary of all cities
in respect to 8Q'e, but in certain cities the 1i110rkers were slightlJ 1ounger than those in the workinr population.
The highest average age of workers of both sexes on relief
(qo years) was reported in Saginaw, Mich., and Klamath Falls,
Oreg. The lowest average age (30 years) was reported in Gastonia, N. C. This range of n years in the average &!?es reported for workers in the 79 cities reflects differences in the
sex and racial composition of the population and in the economic character of each city. City-size of itself had apparently
no influence on the average age of the relief population of
Ma, 193Q in the 79 cities surveyed.
J330M~-5
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1&2
URBAN WORlBRS ON RELIBF
lex DlfftrencN In Ate of Worker, OIi lel lef
In all of the 79 cities except Gloversville, N. I., the oaeaployed WOiien on relief were younger than the ■en. The aedian
age of wcaen raaged troa 22.Cf 7ears in Ienosha, Wis., to 39.6
yea.rs in GloversYille, N. T.; the aedian age tor ■ea ranged froa
32.6 years in Al.buquerqoe, N. Mex., to 'l2.3 1ears in llaaath
Table 12-DISTRIBUTION OF 79 CITIES BY THE IIEOIAN AGE OF UNEMPLOYED
WORKERS ON
22.0
24.0
26.0
ZB.O
)0.0
-
32 .o
,e.o -
RELIEF
BY SEX, IIAY 11i,4
-E
'IOTA!.
-rofCICI•
years
years
years
years
years
0
0
0
1
5
0
0
0
1
1
3).9 ,ears
years
,..rs
years
13
30
14
23.9
25.9
27.9
29.9
31.9
)4.0 - )5.9
37.9
)8.0 - 39,9
40.0 - 41.9
42 .O - 4).9
FBW.E
3
s
12
10
21
14
12
7
20
8
2
34
,.,.
16
0
1
4
0
years
0
2
0
Falla, Oreg. Jn 34 cities the 11edian age of aen was fl"Olll 36.0
to 37.9 years, and in 22 cities it was above this range. The
median ages of woaen in the 79 cities were 1110re scattered than
those of men, as ■a, be seen in Table 12. W011en workers were,
on the whole, 1ounger than the men in the saae city, partly
because of occupational differences and the fact that many WOiien
Table 1)-0ISTRIBUTION OF 78 CITIES IN WHICH UNEMPLOYED WOMEN WORKERS ON RELIEF
IN IIAY 1934 WERE YOUNGER ON THE AVERAGE THAN MEN, BY THE
NUMBER
OF
YEARS DIFFERENCE IN MEDIAN AGE
01 ,F£11(NC£S IET11£EN NEDI AN AGES
OF
EACH SEX
IUOIIEJI OF Clfl ES
Lass ti.n 1.0 year
1.0 2, 9 years
J.O
4,9 ,..rs
5.0
6. 9 years
7.0
8,9 years
9.0
-
11.0 1J.O 15. 0 -
1
1
7
18
20
12
10.9 years
12.9 years
14.9 years
16.9 years
11
'
4
1
withdraw fr0111 the labor supply at an early age because of aarriage. In Gloversville, N. I., the exception to this coasisteat
sex difference in age, 60 percent of the uneaployed woaen workers on relief had fomedy been employed in glove 11&11ufacturiq.
The extent of the age differences in the 78 cities in which
women on relief were 7ounger than aen 11&1 be seen by the f requenc7 distribution of cities in Table 13. Differences in age
distribution UIODg the cities 11&7 be seen in Appendix Table 15.
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OCCUPATIONS-AGE-DURATION OF UNBHPLOYHBNT
q3
C01Rparison of the Average Age of Une■ployed Workers on Relief
and of Gainful Workers in the General Population of 1930 in
60 Cities
One of the most significant c0111parisons to be made for age
i s between the normal worki ng population and the unemployed
workers on relief despite t he limitat i ons inherent in these
comparisons. 9 Age data from t be Census of Population are available only for gainful worke rs in cities of 25,000 population
Table 1•-FORTY CI TIE S IN WH ICH TH[ ~[ DI AN AG[ OF UNE MPL OYE D WORKERS ON RE LI EF
IN ~AY 193• IIA S HIGHER THA N THAT OF GAINF UL WORKERS IN 19 30 "
Cl
n
AMO STATE
01 FFERENCE
IN YEARS
0 1 FF [ A[ Nc.£
CITT ANO STA TE
I N YEARS
6.1
5. 5
•.3
3. 7
3.2
Cleveland. Ohio
Ne• Ori eans , La.
Uttle Rock , Ark.
1.5
1.5
1.4
Los Angel es , c.1; 1.
At l anta, Ga.
1. 2
3. 0
2.9
2 .9
2. 8
2.8
I W i I kes Sa ne , Pa .
Norfolk , Va.
St. Paul, Wi nn ,
[n;d, Olda.
2.8
2. 7
2. 7
2.5
2 .5
Si o ux City, 1 Ruffalo, N. Y.
San Di ego , Cali f.
Ro ck I sland , I 11.
(van.svi I le, Ind ,
o.,
Hou s ton, Tex .
W1lm1ng t.o o, Del.
Rockford, 11 1.
Mi l.aukee, # i s.
Jach .on, Mis s .
2.5
2. 5
2.0
1. 8
1. 7
Ct,,, rlotte, N. C.
l ndi anaool is , Ind.
p ; ttsbu rgh, Pa.
Oak land , Cali f.
Bridgeport, Conn.
0.3
0.3
0.3
0. 2
0. 1
Sa91nu. Mich.
Oetro,t. lil ,ch.
Akron, Ohio
Salt Lake Ci t y, Uta~
s. Dok.
Sioux Falls,
Paterson, H. J.
St. Lou 15, llo.
San Franci sco . Cal; f .
Fort Wayne, Ind.
MinneaPol is , Winn.
f!ead ,ng, Pa.
Kansas Ci tr. Mo.
Wheel ,ng , W. Va.
Chicago. I 11.
I. 3
1. 2
I. I
1.1
1. 0
0.9
New Yo rk, N. y.
Ri rm i ngham , Als.
0.9
0 .8
0.8
0.5
or over. In 60 of the 79 cities co111parisons may therefore be
made between the uerage age of workers on relief in Hay 193"
and t he average age of all gainful workers in 1930.
In 40 of these 60 cities, the median age for unemployed workers on relief was higher than the median age for gainful workers i n the general population. The difference in these 40
cities ranged from less t ban l year in Bridgeport , Conn. , to
6.1 years in Saginaw, Mich. In 18 of the 60 cities, workers
onreliefwere on the average younger than were gainful workers
i n 1930. However, in many of these 18 cities the average age
co■parlaoaa th••• ll ■ltatloaa ar, due to chaa111 Wlllch ■a1 ha••
tak111 Place alnc, 1no 111 the as• charact1rlat1c• or worlr.era ln tb1 110aral population. lluch co■oarlaou, bo••••r, 11•1 ao■, 111cUcatloa or the
dUt,rancu 111 the charact1rlat1ca or work,ra ot the r,u.r and 11a1ral
populat1011a. It ahOUld bl noted alao that 1DIIPlr1111Cld p1raon1 are 111clud1d aaoq worlr.1n OD r111at 111 tbl
41atr1bllt10111. Tb• Ce111ue 4018
not include aucb p1raona aaoq t.111 1a1ntul worlr.1ra, ., that an •••11 1r1at1r
&11 dltf1r111tlal bltWIID tbl n11,r and 1111,ral population• ■ l&ht appear
u 111up1rlenc1d p1raou ••N o■ l tt1d fro■ tb1 Nllet data. 110 atte■pt
u. bu11 ■ad• 111 tbla report to ut1 ■at1 th• aa• or tb1 total worlr.1n1 population or 11184·
8 111 C111au•
a,,
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URBAN WORIERS ON RELIEF
44
of workers on relief would undoubtedl7 be higher than the average for all gainful workers if, the inexperienced persons seeking
their first jobs were omitted from the relief data, since it
is known that the average age of inexperienced work seekers was
low. 10 This would be true especial17 in the cities in which
the proportion of inexperienced to all workers was high. In
two cities, nael7, Cincinnati, Ohio, and Everett, Wash.·, the
l'lledian age of workers in both relief and general populations
was the same, 35.!5 and 36. 7 years respectively. In 25 of tbe
!JO cities in which workers on relief were older than gainful
workers, the average age of ■en on relief revealed even greater
Table 15-EIGHTEEN CITIES IN WHICH THE IIEOIAN AGE OF UNEIIPLDYED WORKERS ON RELIEF
IN MAY 193• fAS LOIIER THAN THAT OF GAINFUL WORKERS IN 1930•
CITY ANO STATE
Jool in, ltl,
Portland, lloine
AI buQue rque. N. Mix.
Butte, Mont.
lbston, Mass.
DIFFERENCE
IN YEARS
Cl TY MO STATE
,.2
3.5
3.3
3.3
2.0
Chari es ton, S. C.
Lym, less.
fAlluth, lliM.
El Paso, Teic.
Schenec lady, N. Y.
1,3
1.1
t.O
0.9
0.9
0.5
0.4
0. 1
0.1
Manchester, N. H,
Providence, R. I.
2.0
1.8
Kenosha. Wis.
flaltimore, It!.
Lexington, Ky.
1. 7
1.5
lbchestar, N. Y.
fllashington, O. C.
Oshkosh, Wis.
•,.,,...u
Cit••
of , .. ,-u.., lt•t.• lfJO, ,.pu1allon
,.11...
DIFFERDCE
IN YEARS
n.
State Tall1" t aMI 10.
differences from 11en in the general population of 1930. The
averages for WOfflen on relief in 10 of these !JO cities were lower
than the averages for W0111en in the general population (Appendix
Table 15t.
Although a comparison of medians is the ■easureaent used
here to sU11111arize age differences between uneaployed t«>rkers 01
relief and gainful workers in the general population of 60 cities in 1930, a caaparison of the actual age distributions MJ
be seen in Appendix Table 16. A few interesting facts 11&7 be
noted from these data, particularly the larger proportioas of
workers in the age groups 16-19 years in the relief population
in approxilllately half of the 60 cities. The relathely high
proportion of younger workers in the relief population reflects
the inclusion of inexperienced persons in the definition of
workers used in this su"ey.
DURATION OP UNEMPLOYMENT SINCE LAST JOB OP
FOUR WEEKS OR MORE AT USUAL OCCUPATION
is
The length of time workers on relief have been unemployed
i■portant:
first, because of the effect of long periods of
10 s.e Part I. p. 111. Al• data are not anUallle tor lnezperlenced p•~
aona aeparate17 117 clt7.
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q5
OCCUPATIONS-AGE-DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT
idleness upon the worker and his re-eaployabi li ty; second, as
a basis for a division of the relief load into different types
of public assistance or dependency problems; and third, as a
reflection of economic conditions in a city, and in an occupation or industl'J in which the workers had previously been emplo7ed. The iaportance of the first is obvious; the present
stud7 cannot, boweTer, describe the qualitative effect of unemplo;raent upon the worker. It does indicate that workers on relief in Ma, 193q bad, on the average, been unemployed for long
periods, a fact which, in itself, is i111portant to establish.
The following analysis dealschieflywith duration of unemployaent as an economic consideration. Differences among the 79
Tolo 1&-015TRIBUTION OF 79 CITIES BY TH[ 1,1[01U 1 OURHION OF UN[l,IPLOYW[NT SINC[
LAST JOB AT USUAL OCCUPATION OF •ORKERS ON RELIEF, MAY 193'
.....
(
F91AlED
,,_,,., of CII IH
- ,. 9 ..,nths
• 9.9 ..,nths
- U.9 '"°"ths
- 19.9 ..,nth1
9
20.0 - 2,.9 -,nth•
15
- 29.9 110nths
- 3'.9 1110nths
- )9. 9 1110nths
- 0.9 IIID"lhl
2~
18
0.0
5.0
10.0
15. 0
25.0
J().0
)5.,
40.0
.._i•• calc•l•tff ,.,
0
2
2
8
I
,,.. .. "...,10, .. l•M
•,,.,. . cltia, •• ••10 , . . . , t11ia11 M .... 11
t,..,.
0
2
I
5
10
25
1'
II
I
2
2
R
21
26
1,
2
I
0
11 , . . rs .
,.,.,,.~are .. ,,..-...
cities, differences between 111en and women 1«>rkers, between white
and Negro workers, and among occupational groups are presented
to throw farther light on the problem of the duration of unemplo,aent of workers on relief in the cities suneyed. An analrsis of duration of unemployment by size of city, geographic
location, and industrial characteristics is also included to
show the relationship between these factors and the length of
tiae workers on relief have been out of work.
Differences In the Average Duration of Uneaployaent
The range of the median u number of months of unemployment
was exceedingly wide for the 79 cities, the highest 111edian being for workers in Ansonia, Conn., Q().l months, and the lowest
for those in Gastonia, N. C., 6.Q months (Appendix Table 19).
These extremes are not representative of the 79 cities, for in
1
\tedt•• qllOted 1D tbU chapter- b&Ye bHD COIIPUted 0Dl7 tor tbOH rePOrt-
lna ODratlon ot unnplo711ent ot lua than 10 years. Tbta wu done to
esclude tro■ conalderatlon a 1roup or une■ plo1ed persons 11110 ■ t&bt not
properl.7 be conatdered to be • part or the nor■ al labor &UPP11.
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
2tJ cities the median fell between 25.0 and 29.9 months and in
18 cities it fell between 30.0 and 3ti.9 months. The median
durations of unemployment formale and female workers on relief
showed the sa111e wide range in the medians in the 79 cities; the
modal group of cities was, however, different for each sex
( Table 161. In 119 cities the median for aen was fr0111 2!5. 0 to
311.9 months~ in 117 cities the median for w011en was fr011 15.0 to
2".9 months. Differences in duration of unemployment for ■ea
and w0111en will be discussed after inter-city differences haYe
been presented in greater detail.
Type of City as Related to Duration of Uneaployment
Of the nine cities having the longest median duration of unemplo)'Jllent for all workers on relief, 35.0 months or ■ore, five
were conspicuously cities in which the manufact•re of metal or
metal productsu dominated the economic life of the city (Ansonia, Conn., Saginaw, Mich., Schenectady, N. !., Cleveland, Ohio,
and Detroit, Mich. I; in three others (Chicago, Ill., Derby,
Conn., and Shelton, Conn. I metal industries were of more than
average importance, but other industries were also present; and
in the ninth city, Akron, rub her was the single important industry in the city. With the exception of Chicago and Derby,
all nine of these cities were characteristically specialized
manufacturing cities 18 (Chart 81.
Of the four cities at the other extreme, namely, those in
whic-h workers had a median duration of unemployment of less than
15,0 months, two were textile cities (Gloversville, N. Y., and
Gastonia, N. C. I; one was a fishing and canning center (Biloxi,
Hiss. I; and the fourth was acommercial center (Lakeland, Fla. I.
The nine cities in which the median was from 15.0 to 19,9 months
may also be considered to haYe relatively low average length
of unemployment; in three of them textiles were iaportant (Burlington, Vt., Paterson, N. J._, and Manchester, N, H. I; five
were commercial centers (Atlanta, Ga., Norfolk, Va., Lexington,
Ky. , Bowling Green, Ky. , and Ben ton Barbor, Mich. I ; and the
ninth was Washington, D. C., where the econoaic character of
the city is not clearly reflected in the relief load, since domestic service workers and unskilled building lahorers account
for unusually large proportions of workers on relief.
A further analysis of the average duration of uneaplo,-.ent
of workers on relief in the 79 cities leads to a few general
'conclusions as to the relationship between type of citJ and
12Tbe Htal or ■etal products 1nduatr1• retel"l'ed to here 1nclude: auto■ oblle tactorles, other iron and atHl lnduatrlea, brua ■ Ula, copper
ractortes, and electrlcal 1ooda tactorlea.
18see 11st or cltlea, Table 1,
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OCCUPATIONS-AGE-DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT
10
•••0111ia. Co•"·
S•~•"•• • 111,ch,
•o.o
0.rb,. Coru,.
O r o .. , Ohio
!ih• I to• , Co""•
Cfl , ugo. JII .
Sche111ecUdr . I , Y.
Clevela"d, Otri,o
O.t ro,t. v,ch .
J6 . ,
M1 b9 • "1, ll 1 n11.
J• . t
Months
0
40
J7 . 9
)6 . 1
JS . 9
)!> . 9
)~ . ~
)!t . l
JS . I
r i 1tdl,.,, Of'Ho
ll' i ttshrgh, lta,
)) . •
)} . •
•••li""t, •• Va.
llileawll••· Wis,
Duluth, 111illft,
lr,dgeport, Co,.,n.
)) . l
H.0
Jl. 7
'1 , 1
$.alt L•II• Citr, Utah
Douglas, 4r11,
heret t, •Hh,
Jl.1
(flid,
q7
Ollla,
12 , 0
)1 . I
)l ,<,
lwffalo, I, Y,
Sflena,.doah, ll'a,
Jl.S
J1 . •
lfo c ll ford, 11 I.
Jochuter , I. Y.
llloc, lslu1d , 111 ,
lead t "t• ~..
Ion •• , "•· 111e1.
hnosfrla , Wi t.
I i ,. ,., ngh ■, f, la ,
Provide,.ca, I. I,
JopJ , ,., Mio .
Ci•c i11,..at i, Ohia
)l . l
J0 . 9
)0 . 1
J0 , 6
JO . J
19 . 8
19 . '
19 . )
19 . )
28 . 9
Wi lllu - hrra, l'a .
18 . t
lle,.ouatta , llich .
ha,.sw i lle. lftd,
lllel i aftapoli1. l"CI .
S 101u C1
lo••
Wh•"•••ol i t, lt i "" •
18 . •
18 , )
28 . )
18 . 1
28 , 0
11 . 1
t,.
lfl• . . th fal l t, Ont ,
0.11.laftd , Ctlif,
Los ""t•les, Calif ,
h• York, I , Y.
8111th, Wont.
Lakt Chari••• ll,
01hko1II, Wi I,
St. Paul, Wi""•
El Puo, h u t
Wil•i"9ton, 0.1.
Wi"ol, II. 0.11.,
■•• Ori••"•• la,
Sa"
Calif.
Jaclitoft , 11,11.
Sio•• F'1ll1. S. 0.k.
la"sat Cit,. Mo .
Littl• lock, Ark .
r,,,.,,,co,
St . Louit , fllo.
S.ft Oi •90, Calif,
latt 0" , ..... .
hit ieo r e , Md .
AI ~11Q11•'4•• , I ,
No11sto", T••••
L,n11, INII .
Ct1arluton, S. C.
Portla"d, llai"e
Cllarlotte, •· C.
Portsaouttii, ■. N,
l111rl il'lglon, Vt,
lllaursoft, ■• J .
■ ul'lin9ton , 0 . C.
Atl•"U , Ce.
lial'IChttUr, I . H,
l•nton Htf'bor , Mich,
lof'folla, Vt.
lt• i n9ton , Kr,
lo•I in9 Green.
lakela"d, Fla,
Clow.rnill•. I, Y,
Ii lowi, 111,,.
Gutoftil, I, C.
*•,
K,.
1 7. 6
27 . \
11 , 4
17.l
16 . 7
16 . 7
16 . 1
16 . )
16 . l
1~ . 1
2!1.0
2!1 . 0
2• . 9
241.8
14 . $
1, . )
141 . 0
13 . 1
l) . 6
1) . 1
23. 0
11.•
11 .•
11 . 9
11 . •
20 . e
20 . 6
U .9
U .1
18. 9
18 , 1
18 . 2
19 . 1
11 . 1
U.2
15.,
U.l
U.8
•·•
e. )
CHART 8-MEDIAN* DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT SINCE LAST
USUAL OCCUPATION OF WORKERS
ON RELIEF IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
*Median
COIQ.llated to,, perlOnS
unempoyed lea than 10 years
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
duration of unemployment. In general the median duration of
unemployment was highest for writers in metal manufacturing
cities. In c0111111ercial cities such as New York, Los Angeles,
Minneapolis, and San Francisco, workers had somewhat lower averages than in the metal manufacturing cities; SOiie of the
coaanercial cities, particularly those in the South, fell in
the group of cities in which the average duration of uneaplo7ment was unusually low. Diversified manufacturing cities tended to be in the middle groups rather than in the group with
either the highest or lowest average length of unmployaent.
The cities in which the averages fell at one or the other extreme were largely specialized manufacturing cities in which
the position of the major industr7 in the cit7 in Ka, 1934 set
the pattern for the length of unemployment of workers on relief. The variations in duration of unemployaent for 1110rters
in cities of different t7Pes ma,· be seen in more detail in
Table 17.
Table 17-RANGE OF MEDIAN DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT SINCE LAST JOB AT USUAL
OCCUPATION BY TYPE OF CITY IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
HIGH
LOW
OF CITIES
C-rcial
Diversified manufacturing
Specialized manufacturing
32. 7
14.1
-·
35
14
2S
Mining cities
35.1
23.2
6.3
27.2
4
RANGE OF MEDI AH IN IIONTHS
TYPE OF CITY
Other cities
)6.1
40.1
18.9
1
It ma, be concluded that the major determinant of the duration of unemployment in Ma, 1934 was econ0111ic conditions in
the predominant industries of a cit7, although factors related
to occupation and income levels also affected the duration of
unemployment of workers on relief. T7Pe of cit7 appears to be
of more importance than size of geographical location in this
connection. Specialized cities, particularly saall ones, are
subject to extreme variations frOll the average for all cities
combined or for cities of this type largely because of the
complete dependence of the economic life of the city upon one
industry. Small cities contain a high proportion of stilled
workers who tend to be able to stay oft relief rolls longer
and wuld be expected to have longer periods of unemplopent.
Although diversified manufacturing or COIIIID.ercial cities show
wide differences because of the influence of varied t7Pes of
industrial. conditions, the ver7 fact of diversification of
their iitdustrial development or economic resources appears to
result in a duration of unemployment pattern nearer the average of the urban relief sample than that found in other types
of cities.
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OCCUPATIONS-AGE-DURATION OF UNBHPLOYHBNT
q9
Size of City•• Related to Duration of Unemp1oY"'ent
The aTerage duration of unemployment for workers in cities
of each size-group as a whole shows a decreasing average length
of une11plo,-ent with decreasing size. The average for those in
cities of over 1,000,000 population is 29.6 months c0111pared to
25.9 aonths in cities with less than !50,000 population (Table
16). These averages are somewhat deceptiTe, however, as shown
by the wide r.ange of the medians for cities in the several sizegroups. Although the lowest median for cities under 50,000 is
also the lowest for all 79 cities, the highest median for this
size-group is also the highest for all size-groups. That is,
the range between the longest and shortest average period of
uneaplo,-ent increases ■arkedly with decreasing city-size; the
range for cities of 1,000,000 and over is only a.q months; for
cities fro■ 250,000 to 1,000,000 it is 17.9 months; for cities
Table 1!1-RUGE OF IIEDIAN DURATION OF UN[IIPLDYIIENT SINCE LAST JOB AT USUAL OCCUPATION
BY CITY-SIZE ANO THE MEDIAN FOR EACH SIZE-GROUP 79 CITIES, IIAY 193•
RANGE I IN IION TH5
MEOIAII 1• MONTHS
NlMBEA OF
SIZE-GIIOI.O'
HIGH
LO•
27.•
1.000.000 al'd over
35.A
250,000 - 1,000,000
)f,.t
250,000
37.9
50.'.JOO -
~.000 and under
.0. I
UR9AN RELIEF
S-LE
Cl Tl ES
•
lA.2
29.6
77.1
22
17.2
27.2
25
25.9
2A
~-•
ft'OII ,0,000 to 250,000, 20.7months; and for cities under !50,000,
33.7 aonths. Allowing for the fact that a different number of
cities ii each size-group might affect the range of difference,
neTertheless, it appears that the differences in duration of
uneaplo,-ent tend to increase as the size of the city decreases.
Furthel'IIOre, averages for all cities of a certain size-group
conceal the 110re important fact of this increase in the degree
of variation as the size of city decreases.
Regional Differences In Duration of Un-,loY"'ent
Workers in most southern cities bad shorter average periods
of uneaplo,-ent than workers in cities of the other three geographic regions. Workers in centra'i cities, with a few exceptions,wereaaong those with the longest median duration of uneaplo,-ent; worters in eastern and western cities fell more
largely in the intet"lllediate groups. It appears~ however, that
the industrial character of a city is more responsible for these
differences than its geographic location. Thus, the central
cities with long average duration of unemployment are cities
in which aetal ■anufacturing d011inates the economic life and
these industries are, in turn, the ones with the longest duration
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIBF
50
of unemployment. In southern cities, on the other band, domestic and personal serYice is the industq veq heavi17 represented among workers on relief and the average length of unemployment of workers in that industry is low.
Sex Differences In Duration of Un•ploy•ent
In all but 1 of the 76 cities1" for which COlllparison between
the median duration of uneaplo,aent of 11en and women is possible, 111en had ahigher11edian duration of unemplo7111ent than ,.._
en. 16 The extent of the differences in averages for ■en aad
Table 19-DISTRIBUTIDN or 79 CITIES BY PERCENT or WORKERS UNEMPLOYED LESS
THAN 1 YEAR AND 10 YEARS AND OVER, ~AV 1934
UNEMPLOYED LESS THAN I YEAR
PERCENT OF UNEM'LOYED IOAKERS
IIAI.E
FEMALE
UNEMPLOYED 10 YENIS AND OVER
MAI.E
FEIIAI.E
, _ r of CIIIH
0- 4 percent
5- 9 percent
10 - 14 percent
67
18
1
11
31
5
I
25
5
15 - 19 percent
20 - 24 percenl
16
21
25 30 35 40 4~ -
17
16
29 percent
3' percent
39 percent
'4 percent
49 percent
!iO percent and over
1
'
23
20
0
12
I
10
4
5
1
1
I
women was from less than 1 month in tl«> cities, llmath Falls,
Oreg., and Schenectady, N. Y., to 19.7 ■oaths in Enid, ~la.
In 55 cities the difference was !5 months or over and in 21 cities it was 10 months or over.
Women were more heavily concentrated in the group oneaployed
less than 1 year than were men; in some cities twice as large
a proportion of the women as of the men fell in this group of
short-time unemployed (Appendix Tables 20 and 21). In 57 cities one-fourth or more of the ■ en had been uneaployed under 1
year, whereas in 7q cities one-fourth or more of the WOiien fell
in this group of short-time unemplo7ed (Table 19).
141n S or t.h• 78 clUH. naei,, 1UrllD1ton. DerllJ, md PortllMllth. llU
than 60 - . rePOrted duratlan or 11HIIP107lle■ t of leaa thm 10 7ear,.
81nce ■edlaa are aot calculated on teW1r tllaa &O cu••• ccallU'l•• 1,
not. poaatllle tor tb••• cltt••·
16ni... ■edhn• were calc:-alated trca dlatPlllatlOlll HCladlAc thOH - - plo,ed 10 1•ar• or o't"er. 8tnce tbere were relatl'Hl.7 aore wo■e11 tllu 11d
tn the 10 1•ar IDd onr 1ro11p, tbelr laclualon WOllld lDcreue tile aedllD
tor w011en ■ ore than tor ■en. Bowe·nr, alace thoH un•ploJed 10 71ar•
or o·nr CODst1tllU a apeclal Pl'Ollln, the HZ dUterenc•• baaed llJIOII tb1lr
u:c1aa1on ta ■ore characur1auc or the dUterentlala llet•en the HH•
1D reapect to 1en1th or unplo,aent.
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OCCUPATIONS-AGE-DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT
51
At the other end of the scale of length of unemployment are
those workers reporting unemployment of 10 years or over. Women were also 1110re beaYily represented in this group than 111en.
In 67 cities less than , percent of the men reported periods
of nnemplo7111ent of 10 years or over; in 11 cities fr0111 5 to 9
percent had been unemployed that length of time; and in only
1 city, 10 percent or over fell i.n this group. In most of the
79 cities , percent or 110re of the women had been unemployed
10 years or o•er; and in 5 cities from 15 to 19 percent fell in
this group (Table 19).
These sex differences in the proportion of workers falling
either in the group unemployed under 1 year or in the group unemployed 10 years and over were due to two very different factors; the first was a reflection of occupational differences
in the not'lllal employ11ent of women and the second was the result
of the re-entrance of married women into the labor market. To
some extent the group reporting unemployment under 1 year was
made up of those workers who have intermittent employment but
reappear on relief rolls soon after such employment ceases, because of their inability to accumulate sufficient reserves to
be self-supporting during periods of unemployment.
The Pre-depression Un"ployed
Those unemployed 10 years or over are not the only workers
who may be called the pre-depression unemployed. Workers unemployed 5 years or oYer, or preYious to Hay 1929, also belong
in this group. The magnitude of the group of pre-depression
unemplo7ed in each of the 79 cities may be seen in Appendix
Tables 20 and 21. The proportion ranged from 28 percent of the
aen ill Ansonia, Conn., to 6 percent in Paterson, N. J.; and
froa 39 percent of the women in Shelton, Conn., to , percent
in Gastonia, N. C.
These workers who bad had no jobs at their usual occupation
for , 7ears or o•er t1ay be said to constitute a special type of
&dllinistrative problea in the field of public assistance. To a
large extent, even under favorable employment conditions, they
are probably not likely to be re-employed in private industry.
Race Differences In Duration of Un•ployaient
,o
In
of the 79 cities a sufficient number of Negro male
workers reported the length of their unemployment to pend t a
c0111parison with white male workers. 18 The median duration of
18eo.parlaona are aade only tor tboee cltlea ln Wb1cb tbere were 60 or ■ore
■ecro workers ot eltber ••• report1n1 duration or une11Plonent under 10
yeara.
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URBAN WORllRS ON RILIIF
unemplo711ent of the Neiro ■en was longer than for white ■ en in
33 of these !50 cities (Appendi:I Table 19). The difference was
110st ■ arked in so■ eof the specialized manufacturing cities, as,
for exaple, in Detroit, Hieb., ProYidence, R. I., and Rockford,
Ill. OYer half of all Nerro ■en in the su"ey liYed in these
33 cities, onlJ 7 of which were southen. In 17 cities, 10 of
which were southern, Negro men bad been unemplo1ed a shorter
period, on the averqe, than white ■en.
Race c011parisons for wcaen ■ a, be aade for the length ot Hesaployaent in 37 of the 79 cities ( Appendix Table 19). In 19
cities the •era,e for Nerro woaen was shorter than for white
wo■ en; aost of these cities were southern.
ID l7 other cities
where only 1~ percent of all Nerro woaen in the surve1 resided,
Negro wo■en had been unemployed longer, on the aYerqe, thaa
white W0111eD. Seven of these cities were in the South. In
Lexinjlton, ly., the ■ edian duration of uneaployaent for botb
white and Negro wo■ en was the s•e.
In analyzing race differences in the duration of une■plo111ent of workers on relief three factors should be considered:
I 11 the different occupational. characteristics of white and
Negro wrkers; 12) the possibility of race discriaination when
workers are being discbaried or being re-hired; (3) differences
in local administrative policies in accepting white and Negro
f•ilies for relief. The first factor affects duration in the
direction of a shorter average for Nerroes, particularl1 when
theJ are concentrated in occupations characterized bJ high labor turnoYer and short duration of uneaplo711ent; the second ia
the direct ion of a longer •era,e for Neiroes. For the urbaa
relief sample as a whole, the first factor is bJ far the ■ost
important, 17 although in certain cities the second appears to
be import ant.
Duration of UnNp1oy•tnt of Worker• froa th• Main Occupational
6rOUPI
by Stx
The average length of uneaplo)'llent for all workers in a city
conceals Yariations for workers from different occupational
groups. The average duration of unemplo1111ent for men who reported their usual occupation in manufacturiai and mechanical
industries was longer than for men !!'OIi an, other occupational.
group, except extraction of minerals, in 67 of the 79 cities.
The range of the median duration of unemplo,aent for ■en fro■
manufacturing and mechanical occupations was ft'OII IJl.3 months
in Akron, Ohio, to 3 months in Gastonia, N. C. (Appendix Table
20). In over half of the cities, on the other band, woaen who
17 Part I, chapter 2.
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OCCUPATIONS-AGB-DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT
53
reported their usual occupations in manufacturing bad been une11ployed for shorter periods, on t be average, t ban women in any
other occupational group except d0111estic and personal service.
The median duration of unemployment for women whose usual employment had been in aanufacturing and mechanical occupations
ranged froa 51.3 ■onths in Schenectady, N. Y., to 1.9 mon\bs in
Biloxi, Miss.
Among workers from dcnest ic and personal service the average length of unemployment of men was higher inmost cities than
for women.
Manufacturing and mechanical occupations and domestic and
personal service were the only twooccupat ional groups for which
comparisons between the sexes ma.1 be made, since in most cities
the number of unemployed wonen workers from the other occupational groups was too sma.11 to permit analysis. As for men,
it ma1 be noted that in most cities the median duration of unemployment was lower for occupations in trade than for those in
the aanufacturing and aecbanical group; but the median for men
fr011 clerical occupations was higher than for those from trade,
as a rule, and also frequentlf higher than for those from the
111anufacturing and mechanical occupations. Further details for
occupational group differences in the 79 cities may be seen in
Appendix Tables 20 and 21 •
. In conclusion, a few general observations may be made concerning the duration of unemployment of workers on relief as
reflected in city comparisons for Ma1 193ij. In most cities the
average du rat ion of unemployment was comparatively long. The
metal manufacturing cities bad the highest medians and a few
textile manufacturing cities and one fishing industry center
bad the lowest. Women in most cities had been unemployed, on
the average, tor shorter periods than men. Women were, however,
110re heavily represented than men at the extremes of duration
of une11plo,.ent, both in the group of unemployed 10 years or
over and in the group unemployed for less than l year. In more
than hall of the cities in which comparisons may be made for
race differences, Negro men had been unemployed longer than
wbite aen; but Negro women showed the opposite characteristic.
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APPENDIX A
COPY OP SCHEDULE
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FIRST PART OF SCHEDULE
l'EDERAL EMERGENCY llELIU ADMINISTRATION
RADY L. HOPIUNB, .tdmlnutrctor
DIVISION
or
RESEARCH AND STATISTICS
CORRINGTON GILL,
o,....,_,
SURVEY OF OCCUPATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
PERSONS RECEIVING RELIEF
NAME AND ADDRESS
or
AGENCY
-
-
Samt1 _ _ __
-- County _ __
-------- - - - - - - - ----
Village, t.owu, or c i t y _ _ _ _ _ __ _
___
-
- --
_ ____ _
- - - --
--
- --------
----
-------
--------
- ---
---
======~=~ --------- -- - -- FAMILY RECORD
57
133066 0-11--..
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58
I
:
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
I
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I I
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i I
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1111:
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APPENDIX B
DEFINITIONS AND OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS
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Appendix B
•
DEFINITIONS OF MAJOR TERMS ON THE SCHEDULE OF
THE URBAN RELIEF SURVEY
The followin, definitions include only those items of the
schedule which haYe been used in this report. 1 Each definition
is limited to the essent_ial 11eaning of the ter111 and does not
atteapt to cOYer all details in the instructions to enumerators
for filling the schedules. Other terms used in the report but
not specificallJ related to the s~hedule are defined on pages
6~.
Jfe. Was recorded in years for la.st birthday preceding the
first daJ of the month studied. Thus, a person who became 16
years of qe on or after May 1 was returned as 1!5 in the surYey (ColullJl 3).
Jlternate Occupation.
See Occupat ton.
Color or Race.
Was reported in three groups: white, Negro,
and other races. A person known to have any Negro blood was
returned as Negro; a person of mixed Indian and Negro blood was
returned as Negro unless Indian blood predominated and the status of Indian wa.s generally accepted in the co111111unity, Everyone who was not definitely white or Negro wa.s reported as other.
Mexicans were classified as other unless they were unquestionably white (Column?,).
Dtsab tl tt11. AnJ serious physical or mental disability which
was apparent to the inte"iewer or which "the person inte"iewed
reported on being questioned and which might be a handicap to
a worker", was entered for all person~ 16 years of age and over,
whether working or seeking work or not seeking work. If a person had 110re than one disabilitY, only the principal one was
entered (Colu11111 26).
Duration of Oneaplovunt. Was measured from two dates: the date
on which a worker's last non-relief job of four weeks or more
ended, and the date on which his last Job of four weeks or more
1ror ll'taUI' d1ian tban bll'I ll'HD auc! roradd1Uonal 1UU on tbl ICbldull
... ml .e and 8uppl1■1Dtl l, 2, and a.
61
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62
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
at his usual occupation ended. Last job at usual occupation
may have been a work relief job or any job provided as an emergency unemployment measure. The length of the period was measured by counting back fro, Hay by calendar months, May being
the first month of unemployment.
Earnings of employed workers included all cash or
non-cash income received during the calendar week of last relief within the month studied. If persons were employed at own
account, their earnings were classified as not ascertainable.
Earnings in form of room and/or board were estimated by local
supervisors and were uniform within each locality. Strikers
were reported as employed but with no earnings and no hours
worked (Column 14).
larntnes.
Was reported for all persons 16 years of age and
over in total numbers of years completed in school. A person
in the second year of college would have been returned as having 13 years of schooling: eight years gr8.llllllar school, four
years high school, and one year college (Col1ll11Ds 9-10).
lducat ton.
Was recorded as of the week of the last relief order in May 1934 for all persons 16 years of age or over.
For those not working or seeking work,the reason for not doing
so was entered. All other persons 16 years of age or over were
considered workers. Both experienced and inexperienced persons
were included in the general classification of wrkers (Columns 11-2!5). An une14ployed worker was any person 16 years of
age or over who was not engaged in private employment, but who
was seeking work. A person on work relief was considered unemployed (Columns 16-18). An e•ployed lr>Orker was any worker who
held a job in private employment during the last week in which
relief was given in May 1934. Persons receiving only room
and/or board, apprentices receivinf no wages,workers on strike,
and persons working "on own account" were considered employed
(Columns 11-13).
l11.ploV11ent Status.
111.ployed Workers.
See l11.plo111Rent Status.
.Represented the number of years
experience a person estimated he had had at his usual occupation. The experience may have been had in several industries
with any number of employers. Brief temporary layoffs were not
deducted in estimating number of years experience (Column 21).
lxpertence at Usual Occupation.
Family.
See Reltef faatly.
Bead of Famt ly.
See Reltef faatly.
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DEFINITIONS AND OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS
Head. of Household.
63
See Reltef Case.
Were obtained by dividing the week's earnings by the number of hours worked during the week.
Hourly Rates of Pay.
Hours worked. Hours worked by employed workers included hours
actually worked during the calendar week in which the last relief was given in May 193". Hours worked were entered for persons working on "own account" (Column 1~).
Household.
See Reltef Case.
lndustru. Was reported as that industry in which the worker
was engaged for the longest time at his usual occupation. If
a person had never worked except at work relief the industry in
which he was engaged on a project was his usual industry; work
on the Civilian Consenation Corps, for example, was classified
as •Forestry.•
Lontest f'tu wtth One l•ployer. Included the maximum number of
years a person was continuously employed by one employer. Brief
temporary lay-offs or changes in occupation while with one employer were not regarded as interruptions of continuous employment (Colu11111 23).
larttal Status. Was reported in fiYe groups: single,married,
widowed, separated, and diYorced.
Alternate occupation was defined a.sany other than
the usual occupation of a worker in which he had school training or in which he had experience, or both. Experience obtained
at work relief was included here if the person considered this
as his alternate occupation (Colu11J1 21'). Usual or prtnctpal
occupation was entered for all persons 16 years of age and oYer
and was defined as that occupation which a person considered
to be his usual occupation or that at which he worked longest,
or at which he worked last. Occupation meant any job for which
a person receiYed money or money equiYalent, or assisted in the
production of marketable goods, including illegal pursuits and
excluding unpaid housework. If a person had worked at all at
any occupation, an occupation was entered. It a person had
never worked except at work relief or any other type of emergency employment, the occupation in which he had been engaged
on a project was his usual occupation (Column 19).
Occupatton:
Race.
See Color
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URBAN WORIERS ON RELIEF
Consisted of a group of r.elated or
unrelated persons who lived to,ether and received uneaplo:,aent
rerief as one unit and were considered one case bf agency gi•ing them relief. The head of the household was the person wh011
the household regarded as the bead, usually the econoaic head
(Column 2).
Rel tef Case or Household.
Consisted of husband, wife, and their uuarried
children, or of either parent with un•rried children. Two or
more families 111&J have been included in a relief household.
The head of family was the person whoa the faaily regarded as
the head, usuallr the econ011ic bead (Col11111l 2).
Rel tef ,a11tly.
Schooltn,.
Sex.
See lducatton.
(ColWllll q).
Une11ploved forker.
Usual Occupat ton.
forker.
See hplovunt Status.
See Occupat ton.
See l11plolfll6nt Status.
fork Reltef. Was noted in conjunction with the present occupation and industry, and inclnded any tind of emergency eaploraent such as Civilian ConserYation Corps or Civil Worts Adainistration, unless the person was on the adainistrati•e staff.
A person employed at wort relief was considered to be seeking
wort. A person's alternate occupation, or his last job at his
usual occupation, 11&7 have been wort relief (Col1111Ds 11-13).
DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATIONS USBD IN TBB CENSUS
AND RBLIBF DATA
Comparisons are frequently •de in this report between Census data and data collected by the Urban Relief SurYey. Limitations are inherent in all of these coaparisons. In the first
place, •arious factors have affected the coaposition of the
general population so that age and occupation characteristics,
for example, as ther existed in 1930 no longer obtained in 193ti.
Furthermore, in s0111e instances the Bureau of the Census has not
published figures for the urban United States as distinct from
the general population. In spite of the existence of urbanrural differentials which are concealed in the figures for the
general population, a few c~risons between the urban relief
population and the general population have been ade in the belief that even inadequate coaparisons are better than none at
all. Most of the coaparisons, howe•er, are for urban areas.
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D&FINITIONS AND OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS
6~
Differences in definition also complicate the problem of comp&rison between the Urb11.n Relief Suney &nd Census d&tll, The
Most import11.nt of the Census-Relief Survey comparisons &nd the
differences in the two sets of d&ta &re the following:
The definition of race of he&d of household was identical
in the Census of Population and the Urban Relief Survey. "Other
races• were combined with Negroes in both sets of data for this
report (d&tl\ on r&ce are &Yailable for the urban popul&tion
in 19301.
The definition of household. in the Relief Survey w11.s s11111lar to the definition of faatl11 in the Census of Population.
In the tables for size of family, however, tbe Census uses a
stricter definition, excluding the unrehted persons who 11.re
included in the household by the Relief Survey. Although 11.
non-(Olltlll person is defined slightly differently in the two
sets of data, the comparisons &re probably Y11.lid for the general purposes for which they &re ma.de ld&ta on size of family a.re av&il&ble for the urb&n population).
Karttal Status wa.s simil&rly recorded in the Census of Population 11.nd in the Relief Survey except for those persons who
were sep&r11.ted. They 11.re included with m&rried persons in the
Census and consequently were so tre&ted for compa.r11.tive purposes in this stndy, &!though they hlld originally been recorded
as a specific group (d&U on 11111.ritd sutus are &vaill\ble for
the urb&n popnl11.tion in 19301.
llorllers in the Relief Survey were defined &S persons 16-64
7e&rs of age working or seeking work, including those who h&d
n~er worked.
This definition differs from th11.t of iatnful
writers in the Census of Population in th&t the latter includes
persons 10 ye&rs of 11.ge &nd over who have worked reguhrly,
whether employed or unemployed on the day of enumeration. No
adjustment for &ge h11.s been Made inmost of the comparisons between Census 11.nd relief data bec11,use exactly compar&ble d&U
are not available. In &11 occup&tion 11.nd industry tables in
this report, footnotes explain the limit11.tions of the conip&risons ■11.de.
Occupatton and tnc1.ustr11 cl.ata in the Relief Survey are identical with Census d&ta in respect to coding and classification
of entries on schedules, but in other respects the d&t& are not
identical. The definitions of present occup11.tion and industry
were the same for both sets of dau. For unemployed persons,
the Census of Population records the occupuion &nd industry
of the last regular job; the Urban Relief Survey records the
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66
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
occupation and industry of the last usual or principal occupation. In cases of doubt, the Urban Relief Su"ey recorded what
the worker considered his customarr occupation. Both the Census
and the Relief Survey excludes inexperienced persons seeking
work from all occupation and industry data.
Codtnt and classtftcatton of occupat ton and tndustr11 returns
in the Relief Suney followed the practices of the Census of
Population of 1930, Workers whose occupation was unknown were
classified, according to Census procedure, with semiskilled
operatives in "not specified industries." The most detailed
occupat tonal classtftcat ton used in this report is the 213 item
stub which is presented in the Census for all cities of 25,000
to 100,000 population.
The 213 occupational stub was used for all data on unemployed
workers in Chapter II of Part I of this report; in most tables
the complete stub is presented but occasionally it is reduced
by 0111ittini occupations ill which fewer than !50 workers reported their length of experience, duration of unemployment,or
other informat ioo. In certain tables in Part I, only the 10
occupational groups are presented.
Various tables in this report use six socio-economic classes,•
namely: professional, proprietary, clerical, stilled, semiskilled, and unskilled workers. In certain tables the professional, proprietar~ and clerical workers are combined into one
group, called "white collar" workers. In other tables, present
occupations of employed workers are shown in some detail under
the main socio-economic groups .. Minor adaptations of the original socio-economic classification have been Ill.de here.
Industry tables show the stnb of !53 industries used by the
Census in its su111111&ry for the urban United States. In certain
tables only the main industrial groups are presented.
Comparisons are made at various times in this report between
data in the Relief Survey and the Cenaus Saapl tn, area.
In
each instance the Census sampling area is deri•ed by applring
the sampling ratio used in this survey in each city to the
Census data for industry or occupation in that city; the st111
of these adjusted city figures constitute the Census sa111pling
area for industry or occupation as the case aa, be.
2-rbll 1roupla1 or occupatloaa bJ aoclo-101100■10 clue na dtnloptd bJ
Dr, Alba M. ldwarda or tbt Bureau or tbt Ctnaua • ./OW'•J o/ Ue A ■H·,c••
3tcatbHc:cal A.uoc:'8Uoa, Dtct■btl' 18118, pp, 1'7'7-887,
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DEFINITIONS AND OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS
67
In the comparison of Relief Survey data and Census data on
socio-economic clllss of workers in each industry, the Census
data were derived by combining occuplltions sholit'n in Table 2,
Chapter 7, Volume V, lit'hich gives the detailed occupational
breakdown within each industry. (This table is for the general
population rather than for the urban population.)
In the city tables ill Part II, the stub of 213 items has
been condensed to 118 items for brevity. The original tabullltion, however, was by the 213 stub. Occupations in which no
workers were reported in a given city are omitted for that city.
(Comparable Census data are available for cities of 2~,000 and
over.)
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APPENDIX
C
SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
70
Table 1-RATIO OF PERSONS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 TO TOTAL POPULATIO~ 1930•
IN 79 CITIES
CITY ANO STATE
CENSUS
1930
RELIEF 1934
'IATtO
255.040
26.570
19,898
270,x,t,
804,874
29,195
3. 750
2,304
60,249
160,3,B
11.4
14.1
11.6
22.3
19.!I
15.434
14,850
.:59,678
781, l88
12,348
2,519
3,502
59,(8)
142,940
1,all
16.3
23.6
22.8
18 . .3
10.4
146,716
573,076
24, 789
39,532
62,265
16,633
93,830
1,797
21,866
17,170
11.3
16,4
7.2
55.3
.:'B.5
82,675
3,376,438
451.160
900,429
10,786
10,543
409,tlO
60,284
164,206
1,213
12.8
12.1
o.4
18.2
11.2
1,568,662
9,828
101,463
102,421
26,.399
1.}2,560
4,318
15,40.3
14,867
.3,820
8.5
43,9
15.2
14.5
14.5
102,249
30,567
19,.36.3
114,946
17,l/33
15,718
5, 75.3
<,413
16,593
1,450
15.4
18.8
12.5
14.4
i:),099
Jockson, Ml ss.
15,666
292,.352
.364,161
48,282
1,55.3
l, 724
44,.3~
56. 784
7,662
6.7
11.C
15.2
15.6
15.9
Joplin, Mo.
K,r,su City, Mo.
Kenosha, Wis.
KllllWlth Falla, Oreg,
Like Charles, LI.
3.3,454
399,746
50,262
16,09.3
15,791
6,967
42,364
11, 71.3
1,.379
3,588
20.8
10.6
23.3
8.6
22.7
18,554
45, 7.36
81,679
1,238,048
10,,.320
4,540
6,270
12,768
Akron, Ohio
Al buQUerque, N. Mex.
Ansonia, Conn.
At I ""ta, Ga,
dalti..,re, t.td.
dent on Harbor, Mich.
Biloxi, Wiss.
8irminghen1, Ala.
Boston, '-lass.
Bowling Green, Ky.
Bridgeport, Conn,
-t.
lluffalo, N. Y.
Burlington, Vt.
Butte,
Charleston, S. C,
Charlotte, N, C.
Chicago, I 11.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Derby, Conn.
Detroit, Mich
Doogles, Ariz.
Duluth, Winn.
El Paso, Tex,
Enid, Okla.
Evansvi Ile, Ind.
Everett, lllash,
Findlay, Ohio
Fort lllayne, Ind,
Gastonia, N, C.
Gloversville, N, V.
Hibbing, Minn.
Houston, Tex,
lndianapol is, Ind.
a.s
l4, 137
<4.S
1).7
15.6
14.5
]J.8
76,834
14,789
578,249
464 . .356
16,099
8,112
2,613
75,.375
56,.329
2,.302
lU.ti
17.7
13.0
12.1
14,3
458, 7b2
6,Y)0,446
129,710
284,063
40,108
59,311
1,073,700
14,522
29. 184
6,946
12.9
15.5
11.2
10.3
17.3
Paterson, N, J,
PlttSburgh, Pa.
Portland, Moine
Portsmouth, N. H.
Providence, R. I,
138,513
669,817
70,810
14,495
25,,981
11,457
154,028
8,262
9'5
31,599
8,3
23.0
11.7
6,4
12.5
ReacHng, Pa.
Rochester, N. V,
Rockford, 111.
Rock Isl and, 111.
111,171
328,1.32
85,864
.37,95.3
80,715
15,48<
56,.385
14,913
4,880
7,150
13,9
17,2
17.4
12.9
8.Y
l.el<eland, Fla.
Lexington, Ky,
Little Rock, Ark,
Los Angeles, Cal If.
Lynn, Mass.
M..chester, N, H,
Mllrauette, Mich.
Mi 1waukee. Wis
Mlnne&Pol is, Minn.
ltlinot, N, Oak.
N. . Orleans, La,
New York, N. Y.
Norfolk, Va,
Oakland, Calif,
Oshkosh, Wi ••
Saginaw, tifich.
180,0.3()
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APPENDIX C
Table 1-RATIO OF PERSONS ON RELIEF UAY 193' TO TOTAL POPULATION 1930•
IN 7:1 CITIES-Conll•ued
CITY AND ShTE
St.
""·
Louis,
St. Paul. lrilinr,.
Salt Lake City, Utah
~n OieQo, Cali
t.
..
Sllr, Fr.l)n( ,sco. Calif.
Schenectady,
Shel ton, Co,,n.
Shena...,,olf'\, P,..
Y.
S1ou• C,ty, Iowa
s.
Si~JC Fat ls.
..
'llas.hin']tOt"I,
111,~1 ing,
0. C.
Va.
l#i 11,~,_-,a,re,
•i l""i"')ton,
Oak.
Pa.
Del.
CENSUS 19,0
REL •EF 19J4
RAT IQ
e;1.%0
271.~06
1A0.<b7
1'7.995
6J',J!;l4
100.wv
U.065
20. 720
17.690
t,4,880
1, .2
16.2
1, .8
12.0
10.2
!b,692
10.11)
tl. 78<
79, 183
3J.J<i2
16.•95
I. lib
5,UJ
1,Jvd
5.5<1
17 .2
17 .1
25.0
,86.969
61.65:1
06.626
106.537
70,503
B. 5;0
1,. 9Ja
lJ.J,2
9.,
16.5
1'.6
13.8
17 .2
12 .5
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIBF
72
Table
2-RACE OF HOUSEHOLDS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 AND OF HOUSEHOLDS
IN THE 1930 1 POPULATION
CEHSUS IP,O
RRIEF 19,4
Cl TY ANO STATE
TOTAi.
TOTAL
NUMSEA
PEACEIIT
YIHI TE NE<lAO OTMER
0.1
2.9
0.1
4,133
3,645
64,263
179,200
3.3)2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
93,8
0.2
0.1
35,807
139,860
6,004
10, 199
16 , 698
100. 0
100,0
100,0
100.0
100,0
97.4
97.6
2.5
2.3
99.4
0.5
98.7 0. 6
46.8 53,1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.1
-
19,243
842,578
122,511
221,502
2,425
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
66. 7 33,3
92.9 6.5
89.6 10.3
91.9 7.9
98,9
1.1
0.6
0.1
0.2
25. 2 o. 7
5. 7 52.9
1,3 0,3
4,4 63.1
10.1 1.0
370,293
2,452
23,828
24,406
7,076
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
92,6
66,6
99.4
46.4
96.2
6.9
3.1
0.5
2.3
3.1
25,716
8,516
5,721
29,145
3,697
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
93.3
99.3
99.0
98.0
78.2
6. 7
0,5
1.0
1.9
21,8
6,717
3,461
75,408
98,610
11,065
100. 0
100.0
100,0
100.0
100.0
99.1 o.5
99. 7 0.1
73-7 22.5
87.8 12.1
56,6 43,4
0.1
0.2
3.8
0,1
9,289
108,641
12,065
4,226
3,884
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.4
97.4
88.9 10.5
99.5 0.4
98.5 o. 7
61.6 )8.)
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.8
0.1
Akron, Ohio
Albuquerque, N. Mex.
Ansonia, Conn.
8,565
874
632
18,718
40.880
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
00.2
68.5
8).1
38.5
56.1
19. 7 0. 1
1.6 29.9
16.9
61.5
43. 7 0.2
819
918
15.813
41.650
272
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
80.5
70.2
~ -9
93,2
75.0
19.4
29. 7
62. l
6. 7
25.0
0.1
0.1
4,088
25,950
404
7,130
4,715
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
100.0
91.8
92. 7
99.5
99.3
46.4
8.0
7.0
0.5
0.4
53.6
0.2
0,3
2,525
122,140
19,460
46,144
296
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
28.8
75.9
60. 7
75. 7
98.6
71.2
22.9
39-3
24. 2
1.4
31,370
1,046
4,070
3,708
982
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
74.1
41.4
98,4
)2. 5
88.9
4,517
1,822
604
4,622
289
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
77. 2
99.1
97.8
91.0
72.3
472
96.4
100.0
50, 7
66.2
)7.5
33. 7
62.4
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.4
0.4
Bowl Ing Gree,,, Ky.
Ori dgeoo rt, Conn.
S..ffalo, H. Y.
Burlington, Vt.
Butte, Mont.
Charleston, S. C.
Charlotte, H. C.
Chicago, 111.
Cincinnat i , Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Derby, CoM.
Detroit, Mich.
Douglas, Ad•·
!Nluth, ~Inn .
El Paso, Te•.
Enid, Okla.
(yansv i 11 e, Ind.
Everett, Wash.
Findlay, Oh;o
Fort Wayne, Ind,
Gastonia, N. C.
Gloversv;lle, N. Y.
Hibbing, Minn.
1. lc
96.0 3,9
95.2 1.9
94, 1 5.8
65.4 }1.6
82.8 17.1
18.9°
Boston, Wass.
7.6c
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
78.6'
Bi rminghart1, Ala.
MEGAO OTHER
62,557
6, 78)
4,602
67,749
193,991
100.0•
Benton Harbor, ij;ch.
YIHITE
91.3"
201,994'
Biloxi, Miss.
PEACEHT
100.oc
2.5• 17,372,524'
Urban Un; tod States
At Ian ta, Ga.
Bait ;more, I.Id.
NtNBER
-
0.1
-
0.3
.
1. 2
0, 1
0.1
3.6
- 39.6 9. 7
22.8
0. 8
2. 2
8.9
27. 7
0.1
6.0
80.2 19.7
58.9 41.1
96.7 3.0
78.2 21.8
.
0.1
•
0.3
-
•
•
0.5
J).3
0.1
51.3
0.7
•
0.2
-
0.1
-
Houston, Tex.
Indianapolis, Ind.
Jackson, Miss.
12,229
15,666
2,420
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Joplin, Mo.
Kansas City, Mo.
1,904
13,132
.3.3U
472
815
100.0
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95. 7
69.9
97.9
99.4
}1 . 6
4.1
29.3
1.7
0,2
65,4
1,233
1,654
3,670
57,960
3,682
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
55.1
43.0
50.2
76. 4
97 .8
44,9
57.0
49.8
11.7 11.9
2.1 0 . 1
5,040
12,026
20,026
368,508
25, 880
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
78. 7 21.3
67. 7 32-3
74.3 25.7
90_3 3. 0
99.1 0.8
2,204
639
22,158
18,193
548
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.8
99.5
9'.3.1
96.5
99.1
0,2
-
18,748
3,239
143,369
117,200
3,612
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
99.7
•
98.9
98.7
0.1
0,2
0,3
0.1
0,4
14,812
272,880
3. 750
5,976
1,784
100,0
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
34,9
84 . 9
20.4
66.1
99 . )
65.0
14,8
79.6
8.4
0.2
0,1
0,3
-
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100,0
100.0
68.9 )0.8
l6.J 4,5
63, 7 36.0
95,2 2.6
99.8 0.1
0,.3
0.2
5, 5
0. 5
111,936
1,722,954
31,859
83,080
10,283
3,177
44,996
1,888
270
6,771
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
89,6
76 . 3
99.2
97.0
9'.3,0
10 •.3
2).8
o. 7
2.6
4,3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
2. 7
35,503
155,079
17,478
3,579
61 ,371
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97,8
91.6
99,5
98.7
97.4
0.1
0,1
0.1
0.2
0.1
Kenosha, Wis.
Kl-th Falls, Oreg.
We Chari es, La.
Lakeland, Fla.
Lexington, Ky.
LI tt le Rock, Ark.
Los Angeles, Calif.
Lynn, Mass.
Wanchester, N. H.
Marquette, Mich.
Mllw.,kee,
w; s.
Minneapo1 is, Winn.
Minot, H. Oak.
Haw Orleans, La,
Hew York, H. Y,
Norfolk, Va.
Oakland, Calif,
Oshkosh, Wis.
Paterson, N. J.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Portland, Maino
Port-th, N. H.
Prov I dence, R. I.
494
-
-
-
6.)
2.9
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0,4
Digitized by
98,4
0.1
1.3
1.0
0.9
2. 1
8 • .3
0. 4
1.1
2.5
Google
I
I
•
•
6. 7
0.1
o.,
2.2
0.1
APPENDIX C
73
Table 2-IUCE OF HOUSEHOLDS ON IIELIEF IIAY 19)4 AND OF HOUSEHOLDS
IN TH[ 1930° P0PULATI0N-Co•ll . . od
CENSUS 19,0
•e.1(, 19U
Cl T'f MD STATI
TOT.._
1141T(
lleedi"9, ""·
loch•1t1r. N. Y.
'ERCDIT
4,"82
14,462
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
92.0
97. 7
95.6
a.o
91.9
91.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
ltocilfon:t, 111.
4,700
,oc:k ltlond, 111.
!ia9iMlf, _.,ch.
1,443
2,048
St. Louis. llo.
St. Paul. Iii"".
Solt Lake Ci 11, Uta/I
S.,, D,090, C.I if.
Son FrMGilCO, C.lif,
Jl,710
12, 71!1
5,800
4,758
25,630
5c1,.,ecta<1y, N. Y.
4,4~
Sllelton. Conn.
St,on-h, Po.
449
l. 5?1
2.106
1,690
Siouw City,
,_
Sioux Falls, S. Du.
.....
Wul,inqton, D. C.
llt,Nl i"9, •. Vo.
•; ......a., ...
Pa.
.
. ........
. ... ..., . ,..
Wil•in9tOt1, 0.1.
.""·
,
,.,
•"6/s.••• ,_..,.
"'
_
,,., ,
c, ••
,.
•I "- hfNII
•I
N(l;III)
N~EA
~,
2,695
3,805
3,612
OTM(A
ror.._
IIIITE
NUMl!IEA
•
NEGIIO
OTMDI
'£AC ENT
•
•
6.8
6.8
17,6!19
81.033
27.140
10,114
lll. 733
100.0
UXl.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.J
o.s
1. J
1.4
1. 7
0.9
1.2
1.8
2.6
0.2
o. 2
1.3
59.J
~5.0
95.8
80.8
112.5
40.8
4.J
1.1
6. 7
1.8
0.1
0. 7
~.I
12.5
5. 7
214,855
67. 745
3'.'10
45,227
178.625
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
88.8 11.0
98.l
1.6
98.6 0.6
93. I
1.8
115.5 0.6
0.2
0.3
0.8
5, l
J.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.5
99.6
99.5
97.9
98.0
2.5
0.4
0.3
1.6
1.1
24.na
2,297
4,438
19. 975
8,27)
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.3
99. 7
99.9
98.1
99. 7
0.6
0.3
0.1
1.5
O.J
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
26.5
87.6
96.9
57 .4
7).2
12.4
O.J
0.1
125,554
15.5~
18, 718
25,543
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.9 2'.l.9
96.2 3,8
98.6
1.J
81.8 12.1
0.2
J.J
IN••• ""• ,... 1111 ..
2.3
~-9
42.6
-
-
99.1
98.6
98.0
96.1
•
•
•
0.4
•
0.1
0.1
.. ,. fl, II .. • f•I•• I, 11, _, It .
,1,, .,....., ........... ,., ..... , ......
fl . . , . . . . . . . . . , • • , . . , . , .......... , • • • , 111, ...
tl,a hu.. l111u lfJI, ••••1-lett fel. fl,,. 1).
l330MO-a7-7
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Tobie )-RATIO OF ONE-PERSON FAMILIES TO All FAMILIES ON RELIEF ANO THE
SEX DISTRIBUTION OF ONE-PEqSON FAIIILIES
IN 79 CITIES WAY 1934
CITY .-.0 $TATE
ALL
FAMILIES
REPORTING•
~ENT OISTRIBUTION
RATIO OF
ONE-PERSOII Ollf-PERSON
FMILIES
ro
AlL F.tMl l I ES
Of" ONE-PfRSOII ,,.., LIES
NALE
F81ALE
208,412
35,000
16.8
63.9
36.1
8,795
904
ti37
l~.453
1,820
75
158
3.93'
20.7
6.3
Anson i"'- , Co""·
Atlanta, Ga.
2, .a
17.9
52.0
22.8
52.5
':kltilftOre, Md.
4:i,064
4,041>
9.6
82.1
4fl.O
77.2
'7.5
61.6
)8.,
Henton Harbor. Mich.
8)9
952
16,81l8
,1. 944
m
300
115
1,6,4
12 ,096
2
28.2
12.1
9.6
28.8
0.7
69.2
47.0
,5. 7
60.9
50.0
30.8
53.0
5' . 3
39.1
50.0
,.188
26,620
41.i.
7,2'.38
4,885
315
4,820
28
1,llSO
710
7.5
18.1
ti.8
25.6
14.5
74 .1
72.8
82.1
82.6
)8.0
25.9
27.2
17.9
17.4
62.0
2,7Cl'>
124. 900
20, 15.3
46,m
302
140
27.2<0
J.605
9,730
42
5.2
21.8
17.9
20. 8
13.9
41.1
7J.6
69.3
l7 .1
76 .2
58.9
26.4
'$).1
31,780
1,110
4,166
3,907
1,027
1,590
165
558
642
llii
5.0
14.9
16.4
10.2
79.2
60.6
76.1
60.3
68.6
20.8
39,4
23 ,9
39, 7
31.4
4,778
1,880
652
4,827
.334
555
,369
57
657
9
11.6
19.6
8. 7
13.6
2.7
61.9
80.2
40.4
71.3
33,3
)8.1
19.8
59.6
28.7
66.7
483
126
119
<,387
2,212
68.)
81.5
69.5
57.J
39,0
31. 7
18.5
,0.5
42. 7
61 . 0
Urb""n relief S9"'Ple
A.lcron, Olio
We, .
Albuquerque, N.
Bilowi, Miss.
Birminqhent, ••••
Boston, 'less.
Bo,,,I ing Green, Ky.
Bridgeport, Conn.
Buffalo, N. Y.
Hurl ington, Vt.
Butte, '1ont.
Charleston, S. C.
Ch•dotte, N. C.
Chicago, 111,
Cincinnati, Cllio
Cleveland, Ohio
Derby, Conn.
Oetroit, -'ich,
°""9 , ... Ariz.
Duluth, -.inn,
El Paso, Te,.
Enid, Okla.
Evansvi I le, Ind.
Everett, wash.
Findlay, Ohio
Fort Wftyne, Ind.
Gastonia, N, C.
Gloversvi lie, N. Y.
20.Z
13.3
27.9
23.8
Jackson, Min.
12,87.3
16,667
2,506
544
26.1
2).6
18.5
1;.3
21. 7
Joplin. lio .
Kansas City, llo.
Kenosha, Wi s.
Kl.,,.th Falls, 0~ .
I.Ake Charles, LA.
1, 9n
1). 769
.3.355
479
897
262
).136
805
164
71
13.J
22. 8
24.0
:,4 . 2
7. 9
54.2
68.)
87.6
89. 6
67.6
1.Akelond, Fla.
l.exi09t011, ly.
1,281
1,733
J.850
59,730
.3,787
1.3.3
126
345
12,670
562
10.4
7.3
9.0
21.2
14.8
57.1
57.1
4,3.5
78.0
48.1
42.9
42.9
56.5
22.0
51.9
2,240
661
22,194
18,697
557
506
71
4.7~
5,334
49
22.6
10.7
21.4
28.5
8.8
53.4
80.3
82.8
84.4
77.6
46.6
19.7
17 . 2
15.6
22.4
1,295
507
278
8.3
10.1
9.8
8.2
15. 2
56 . 8
59.7
38. 8
56. 8
71.6
43.2
40,3
61.2
43,2
28.4
~2
10,346
104
75
426
18.0
22 . 6
5. 4
27.7
6. 1
76.5
79.6
28.8
46.7
44.4
Hibbing, Minn.
Houston. Tex.
Indianapolis, Ind.
.
Utt le Rock, Ar➔<.
Los Ange I es, Ca Ii f.
Lynn, Mass.
lhnchester, N. H.
Marquette, Mich.
Milwaukee, Wis.
Winneapo1 is, Minn.
Minot, N. Oak.
New Orleans, LI.
N.. York, N. Y.
llorfolk, Ya.
Oakland, Calif.
0.hkosh, Wis.
Paterson, N. J.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Portland, lloine
Port-.th, N. H.
Providence, R. I.
sci;
15,5'7
279,480
4, 043
6, 192
1,830
J. 22!i
45,878
1,934
271
7,014
2e.m
.395
Digitized by
Google
45.8
:n.1
12.,
10.4
)2.4
23.s
20.4
71.2
53.)
55.6
APPENDIX C
Tobie )-RATIO OF ON[-P[QSON FAijlll[S TO ALL
75
AMILIES ON RELIEF 00 THE
SEX DISTRIBUTION OF ONE-PERSON FAMILIES
IN 79 CITIES MAY 193,-CoollftUed
ALL
CIT't AND STATE
R..,..-:tinlJ, Po.
"· y.
'lochf!'~tel"'.
Roe"- ford. Ill.
Rock Island,
111.
Sagil'\Mt, Wich.
""·
Ltf~
R[PMT ,,...,•
r:¥,11
,.6~8
1',8'0
,. ,~5
l.'18
2,102
Lou i ...
St. Pitul. Minn,
Sa It UN~ City, utoh
San 01""90, (al ,f.
32 ,8'0
IJ. ll8
5. ;<I
San franc 1sco, C.I ;f.
;o, 9JU
St.
s. 007
QlfE-PfqSOH
FMULtES
1.105
2,065
l.UJ
ll8
'111
7 .8'0
2. 79J
1.,2u
'63
10,'20
RATIO OF
PERCENT DISTAi BUT ION
0..[-P£q':£lN TO
OF ONE.-PERSOH F.,.1 LI ES
All FAMILIE.S
,:J.1
IJ.9
l5.1
1,. I
19.li
WALE
83.3
6A .1
80.0
,~. 2
oo.O
23.9
21.3
2J. 9
62.9
9.,
,o.,
62 .2
75.,
11.8
71.9
Schen,,ct~y. N. y.
Shelton, Con".
,. 595
,~,
1,0
15. 7
8'. I
89
19.6
Sh~l"ldo..th,
Sinux City,
1.562
2. IJ8
•09
26. 2
, •. 0
25.1
86.5
9!1.0
Siouw Fells,
Wa,-t,inqton,
lt!~ling,
*·
""·
~-
lo.a
51'
I, /09
•L9
D. C.
;,. ,.5
7. 105
Vo.
2,785
Dok.
*i lk~s-Barr-e, Po.
Wi \,.i"9lon, Del.
3.8911
3. ,.,
715
9JS
s,5
28. 7
il.8
2, .0
1'.6
F[WALE
16. 7
)5.3
20.0
2, .8
,,.o
)I .I
2, .6
i8.2
37.8
22.1
15.J
13.5
2.0
3.9
!lb.I
89.7
IG.)
,9.2
at,. I
50.8
13.9
9J.0
12.Z
27 .8
1.0
•hcJ .... • .... -clH1ltl•I• 1. . 11, IJ,at.
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORIERS ON RELIEF
76
Table ,-RATIO OF FAIIILIES WITH FEIIALE HEADS TO ALL RELIEF FAIIILIES IN 79 CITIES
MAY 19.)4
CITY AMO $TATE
Urban Rel ief 5-le
Akron , Oh io
All F:AIIULIES
REPORT lNG,a
42,122
20.2
8 , 795
1.~
17S
120
6. 713
9. 716
18.2
19. 4
18. 8
3'.5
23.1
165
285
5.033
9. 716
,3
19. 7
29.9
29.8
23,2
14.3
608
14 . 5
16.9
14.1
17.4
33. 7
637
19,453
42,084
Benton Karbor, Mich.
Biloxi, Miss .
Bi minghMI, Ala,
Boston, Ma,s.
839
952
16.898
41,944
00.
300
er i dgepart. Con,,.
S..ffalo, N. Y,
Burl i ngton. Vt.
S..tte, Wont.
Charleston, S. C.
4,188
26,620
412
7,238
4,885
Chariot le. N. C.
Ch i cago, Ill.
2, 705
124,900
20. 153
46,732
)02
Circinnati, Ohio
Cl.,.eland. Ollio
Do rby, Conn.
Detroit , lfich.
RATIO
208.'12
Albuquerque. N. Mei<.
Ansonia. Conn.
Atlanta , Ga.
Bal t iniore. ~-
Bowling Green, Ky.
FAMILIES •ITM
FE-.E Hl!AOS
4,500
58
1,260
1,648
890
27,6&:l
4 , 494
8,092
45
32.9
22.2
22.3
17.3
14.9
6. 7
26.8
15. 7
28.1
17.1
31. 780
1,110
4,186
3.907
1,027
2,120
298
4,778
1, 880
652
4,827
334
1,052
317
107
79
22.0
16.9
16.•
15.2
23, 7
483
505
12,873
16,667
2.506
110
74
3,675
3.920
1. 040
22.8
14 . 7
28.5
23. 5
41.5
Kl ... th Falls, Or911.
Lake Chari••• La.
1,977
13. 769
3,355
476
897
467
3,0)8
443
66
142
23. 6
22. 1
13. 2
13.9
15.8
Lakeland. Fla.
Lexington . ky.
Little Rock, Arie.
Los Angeles. Cal i f .
l)-nn. Mass.
1,281
1, 73J
3.850
59,730
3. 787
251
1,000
10,660
987
19.6
16. 9
26.0
17. 8
26.1
Maochester . N. H.
2,240
661
22,194
18,697
557
2,646
2,786
91
15,547
279,480
4,043
6.192
1,830
2,926
41,490
1.462
1,104
259
3.225
45,818
l.~J4
271
7,014
537
7,476
372
68
1.128
Douglas. Ariz.
Duluth, llinn.
El Paso, Te• .
Enid, 01<1 a.
Evansville , Ind.
Everett. Wash.
Findlay, Ohio
Fort Wayne, Ind .
Gastonia, N. C,
Gloversvi I le, N. Y.
Hibbing, Winn.
Houston, Tf'x,
lndiaMpol is, Ind.
Jackson, .,.,, .
J<>11l l n, Mo .
Kansas City, Mo.
Kenosha, Wis.
WarQuet te. Mich.
Mi l waukee, Wis.
Mi nneapol is. Minn.
Minot, N. Oak .
Mew Orleans.
La.
New York, ~. Y.
Norfolk. Va .
Oak I and, Calif.
Oshkosh, Wi s.
Paterson. ~. J.
Pitt5bur-9h, Pa.
Portland, JMine
Portsn,outh, N. H.
Providence, R. I.
658
1,097
176
m
293
562
93
25.1
14.1
11.9
14.9
16.J
18.8
14.8
36.2
17.8
14.2
16. 7
16.J
19.2
25.1
16.1
-
Digitized by
Google
17
APPENDIX C
Table •-RATIO or HIIILIES •1TH rEIIALE HEAOS TO ALL RELIEr HWILIES IN 19 CITIES
w•1 1~3,-cou 1. . ed
CITY .. ..,
sun
l!,,8'1i"9, Pa.
i:loclwste,..
~- Y.
Roel.ford, Ill.
Rock lsla.M. 111.
5-'9,na.,
Wictl.
St. Louis, Im.
St. Paul. WiM,
Seit Lalle Cit,, Utl/l
San Diego, Calif,
Sen Francisco, Cal if.
"·
Schenectady,
Y.
Shel ton, Conn.
Shenandoah. Pa.
Sioux City,
'""'"
Sioux fal h, S. Dall.
'#e~hington, D. C.
"'-'eli"'l, W. Va.
Wi 1kn-Barre, Pa.
Wil•ington, 0.1.
ALL FA .. IL tES
R[PCJH ,,._•
t:Alr,ilL IE~ •ITH
~EIMLE HE.ADS
RATIO
C,658
!C,R40
•. 755
l,'78
2, lOl
6CO
2.Z05
838
2C6
)2.8'0
13.118
5,,1'7
5,001
8.1)0
2,U3
1,130
813
5,!CO
2,.8
18.6
523
55
215
196
2,0
11.4
12. l
13.8
9.2
14.0
8.099
32. 7
18.0
11. 7
21.)
25,930
4,595
C!,,l
1,562
2,138
l, 1"9
24. 1,5
2,185
3. ll98
3. 1,2
404
500
•55
7118
13.8
le.II
17.6
16.6
19.2
111.0
16.2
19.8
Digitized by
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
78
Table 5-RELIEF HOUSEHOLDS CLASSIFIED BY EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF MEMBERS
16-64 YEARS OF AGE IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
HOUSEHOLDS AEPOIT I w,;;•
CITY ANO STATE
•1TH NO
WITH 0ME OR
0A
- E -EAS •ITH ~ IE-S
SEEM I 1115 WORK,
-.<ING
181181S
WORK 1116 0A
SEEKlll6 MR<
NIMIIER
PERCENT
NOIE 'MIIKIIIG
198,098
100.0
7). l
17.6
9.3
8,530
632
18,648
40.880
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
70. 6
70.8
56. 4
62. 4
66. 4
19.8
15.6
30.2
23.4
23.4
9.6
1).6
1).4
14.2
10.2
819
91)
15,813
41,5110
268
100,0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
50.9
BiminghM, Ala.
Boston. llass.
Bowling Green, Ky.
33.0
9.3
16.0
8.3
31. 7
16.1
16. 5
8.7
16.7
4.9
Bridgeport, Conn.
Buffalo, N. Y.
Burlington, Vt.
Butte. Mont.
Charleston, S. C.
4,087
25,660
403
6,856
4,693
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
74.6
72.2
69.5
58. 0
62.5
17.0
18.0
24.1
33.4
31.3
8.4
9.8
6.4
8.6
6.2
Charlotte, N. C.
Chicago, 111.
Cincinnati. Ohio
Cleveland, Oh io
Derby, Conn.
2,525
120,270
19,208
46,102
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.3
7),9
71.6
71. 7
57.8
41.6
13.8
19.4
18.9
29. 0
7.1
12.3
9.0
9.4
13.2
Urben Relief Sample
Akron, Ohio
Albuquerque, N. llex.
Ansonia. Conn.
Atlanta, Ga.
Bal t;-,re , lid.
860
Benton Harbor, Mich.
Biloxi. Miss.
296
74.2
75.3
75.0
63.4
Detroit, Mich.
30,880
llouglas. Ariz.
Duluth, Minn.
El Paso, Tex.
En id, Olda,
1,014
4.047
3.683
943
100. 0
100,0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
77.8
77.6
69.8
72.9
78. 1
20.0
14.4
20.1
15.6
11,6
2. 2
8.0
10, 1
11. 5
10.3
Evansville, Ind.
4,500
1,687
603
4,552
271
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.3
72.1
68.5
69.5
65.0
13. 7
13.6
17.9
22.8
28.4
11.0
14.3
13.6
7. 7
6.6
469
448
11,683
15,477
2,420
100.0
100,0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
47,7
7).2
69.S
42.5
15.6
15. 6
17.8
15.2
9.8
11,2
14.9
9.9
2) . 2
l , 879
11,886
J,055
432
815
100.0
lOO. O
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
71 , 3
61. 7
53.J
61 . 6
6!1.4
12.0
37.0
25. 9
2). 7
16. 7
12.0
9. 7
12. 5
6.9
1,2)3
1.649
3,668
57,820
3,665
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
70.8
74 . 8
9). 2
82. 5
71 .0
19.5
17.;
4.8
12.;
17.9
9.7
7.9
2.0
5.2
II.I
2,170
6)9
22 , 158
17.829
548
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
50. 9
71.6
72 . 4
12.,
62. 9
)0.3
19.9
19.6
15,4
26,;
18.8
8.5
8.0
12.2
10. 8
14 .581
272 , 610
3. 523
5.532
1. 762
100. 0
100. 0
100, 0
100, 0
100,0
87. 4
83, 7
66,5
78.9
55 . 7
11.,
8.3
4. )
, .9
28.J
16. 7
33.3
5. 2
,.4
11.0
J.152
44,590
1,888
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100,0
71 . 7
81.8
.70.0
59.0
83.)
16.)
10.1
21.2
1).8
12.2
12.0
8.1
8.8
27.2
,.5
Everett, Wash.
Findlay, Ohio
Ft. lllayne, Ind.
Gastonia, N. C.
Gloversville-, N. Y.
Hibbing, Minn.
Houston, Te,c.
lndianepol is, Ind .
Jackson, Mi ss.
Jopl in, Mo .
Ka,,sas Ci ty . Mo.
Kenosha, Wis .
Klamath Falls, Oreg.
Lake Charles, La .
Lakeland, Fla,
Lexington. Ky.
Litt I e Rock, Ark.
Los Angeles, Cal if.
Lynn. Mass.
Manchester, N. H.
Marquette, Mich.
Wi lwauke-e, Wis.
Minneapolis, Minn.
Mi not, N. Oak.
~ Orleans, La.
Ne-# Yori< , N. Y.
Norfolk, Va.
Oakland, Calif,
Oshkosh, llli ••
Paterson, N. J ,
Pittsburgh. Pa.
Portland, Maine.
Portsmouth, N. H,
Providence, R. I.
...
268
6,762
72. 3
61.6
Digitized by
26.3
Google
79
APPENDIX C
Table 5-RELIEF HOUSEHOLDS CLASSIFIED BY EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF IIEIIBERS
16-64 YEARS OF •GE IN l'il CITIES, IIAY 1~)4-Co•ll•ud
HOUSE.HQ.OS AEPORTI
CITY
AJC)
STATE
R-;"9, Pa,
~nch.l>st~r. N. Y.
l!ocklonl, Ill.
l!ock Isl and, 111.
Savi.,_,
Mich.
St. 1..o,,;s, llo.
St. p_.,1, 11;..,,
S.lt Lake C,t,, Utah
San D;ego, C.I ;f.
San Franci1eo. C.1 if.
Schenecuc1,. •· Y.
Sh.I ton, Conn.
She-nandoah, Pa.
Sioux City, la-a
S;ou• Fal h, S, Doi,,
••.i,;nqton, D. C.
-·
._a
*ITH OIi(
~
111'.lRE WElleER'i
SEEKING~-
PERCEIIT
NONE M:'RKllilG
#IHt ti)
#ITM ON£ GI
tiORE WEIIMEAS
M:IRKINC.
IEtieERS
M)RK ING 0A
SEEK I lifG .oAK
4,673
1,432
1,910
100.0
ICXJ.O
100.0
100.0
100.0
76.5
73. 7
69.8
n.6
66.4
9.5
31.1'0
12,677
5,697
4, 7')
24,120
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
65.9
64.5
72.5
78.0
72.9
24.8
24.4
11.1
17. 7
18.W
9.)
11.1
16.4
4,433
"49
1.~1
I, 768
I, :,ea
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
80. 7
!>6.6
72.6
7J,4
IJ.9
26.)
11.0
19,3
19.6
5.4
15.1
4. 7
8.1
7 .0
1),800
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
74. 7
79.9
JS.8
71.1
12. 5
12.8
19.0
18.4
12.8
7.)
5.2
4.5
4,383
14.448
Whe,e1i"9, W. Va.
2,000
•• I kH-8arre, Pa.
*il•inrgton, Del.
),805
3.~15
8'.)
17.4
16.2
17.8
12.5
6.1
10.1
12.4
9.9
24. 1
4,)
8.2
. , . , .... ~ ....... ■ 10 ..... ,. • • , - - - ....., . .•• ••••••• ..........., ....................... , ..
•IUi .--,.citied - - . , er .. ,ura.
Digitized by
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URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBF
80
Table 6-IIEDIAN NUIIBER OF IIEIIBEIIS AND WORKERS PER RELIEF HOUSEHOLD OF TWO OR IIOII£
IIEIIBERS IN 79 CITIES, IIAY 1934
11£01 Ml
Cl TY
•o
STATE
IIOUse«>lOS
A9'0RTtwc;•
-BEA
o, M S , PEA HOU S911)1. 0
-BEA
OF IOll<EAS
PEA HDll~LO
un>en Relief Slr,ple
155,117
3.9
1.,
Akron, Ohio
All>u-rque, N. lie,,.
6 . 260
729
440
13,590
34 .0015
3, 7
4.4
4.2
,.4
,.9
1,4
1.2
1.5
1,5
1.4
523
3,5
4.0
1.4
Ansonia, Conn .
Atlanta, Ga.
Bait iMOrl, lid,
Benton Harbor, Ill ell.
Bilo•I, lli11.
Bi ,,.inghM, Ala.
Bos ton, llass,
Bowling Green, Kr,
715
13,356
28,656
254
Bri"9ei,ort, Conn.
Buffalo, N. Y.
Burlington, Vt .
Butte, lblt.
Ch1rl11ton, S. C.
,.1
1.4
u
4.2
4,5
1. 3
3,498
19,'3()
355
4,940
3,865
4,1
3.9
4,2
,.5
3,9
1.3
1,3
1. 3
1.,
1,B
Charlotte, N. C.
Chicago, 111.
Cincinnati, Ohl"
Cleveland, Ohio
0.rby, Conn.
2,245
35,210
14,896
34,202
235
4.0
3.7
3.4
4.0
4.4
1. 7
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
0.troll, llich,
Douglas, Ariz.
0..luth , llinn,
El l'Mo, Tex.
Enid, Okla.
28,700
812
3,278
2,858
7~
4.1
4,4
4.0
4.3
4.0
1,4
1.3
1.3
1,3
1.3
3,657
1,198
495
3,6
3,6
4.1
3. 7
4.9
1.5
1.2
3. 6
4. 0
4.0
3. 7
3,5
1. 7
1,3
1.4
1. 5
1.3
1.4
1.,
1.3
1,3
1,4
u
u
Evan1YI lie, Ind.
Everett, Wall,,
Findlay, ot,io
Fort Wayne, Ind.
Gutonla, N, C.
Gloversville, N. Y.
Hibbing, lllnn,
Houaton, Tex.
lndianapol ls, Ind,
J1ckl0fl, Mi 11.
3,730
248
330
338
8,645
12,523
1,604
1.1
u
t.3
1.7
Jool ln, llo.
Kenaaa City, llo.
"""""'8 . • , •.
Kl-th Falls, Oreg.
Lake Charles, La.
1,439
8,932
2,345
258
704
3.9
3,5
4,1
3. 7
4.4
Lakeland, Fla.
le•ington, Ky.
Li II le Rock, Ark .
Los Angeles, Calif,
lynn, Illus.
1,021
1,449
3,275
0,6,0
2,878
3. 7
3,6
3,3
3,3
4.0
1.4
1.3
1.3
llanchester, N, H,
llal"Qtlette, llich.
Mi laukN, •i1 .
1,538
538
16 , 479
11,571
,.1
4.0
3, 7
3.9
4. 2
1. 5
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
3,9
1.4
1.,
1, 7
1.,
1.,
llinneapol is. Mirtn.
lllnot, N, Oak.
466
New Orleans, I.a,
N• York, N, Y,
Norfolk, Va,
Oekland, Calif,
Oshkosh, 1111 s.
12,880
235.800
3,072
4,944
1,380
Patenon, N. J.
f>i ttsburgh, Pa .
Portland, llalne
Port...,.,th, N. H.
P""'idence, R. I.
2,3,s
32 , 060
1,668
161
6,135
,.o
3,8
3,8
,.2
4,0
3.a
4,3
4,4
,.s
Digitized by
1.3
1.3
1,3
1.2
1.,
Google
81
APPENDIX C
Tole 1-IIEDIU NUIIBER OF IIEIIBERS UO WORKERS PER RELIEF HOUSEHOLD OF TWO OR IIORE
IIEIIBERS IN 78 CITIES, IUY 1934-Conlln .. d
Cl TY •O STATE
MOUSec>LDS
IIIPORTtNC. 8
tf\.lilftEA
OF liil&IBERS
'EA MOUSO<OLO
,.m
- -
liilEDIM
-n•
OF 11:>IIC:ERS
'EA HOU Se«)L 0
-----
"-!;OCJ, Pa.
Rochester. •· Y.
Rockford, I I 1.
Rock Island. 111.
Seqin•. Mich.
11.515
3.155
1,135
1,180
3,9
4.1
3. 7
3.5
3.9
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.2
St. Lou ; •• llo.
St. Pau I. 11;nn.
Solt Lake c;1y. 11ta11
So,, 0;990, Cal if.
Son Franc; sco, Co Ii f.
12.300
9.133
3,898
4,165
13.730
3.6
3.9
4.2
,. 7
3,3
1.6
I. 3
1.3
1.4
1.3
,. '613
335
1,0157
1.488
1,200
3.9
4. 3
4.3
4.0
3.1
1.4
1.4
1.6
1.3
1.3
15,195
1,745
2, 7t0
2.~
3.2
3.6
4.6
3.8
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.6
Schenectady, N. Y.
Shelton. Conn.
51,enanctoot, ,
s;°""
City,
5;..,x
Fall ■•
,_
Pa.
S. Dali.
•1ld"9ton, 0. C.
_,HI 11>9, W. Ya.
w; I kes-ll■ rre. Pa.
W;l,ainqton, Del.
.... , .... .,...,., ......... ,, •. ....... u, •• , .. ,.. .., ...,,. , ..... , -·-- .....
• • ,.._ . . •IU
•111-,.clfl .. . . . . , •' ,..,111..,1.
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URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBF
82
Table 7-SOCIO-ECONOIIIC CLASS OF USUAL OCCUPATION OF HEADS OF FAMILIES DN RELIEF
IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
TOTAL
IIHITE COLLAR
AEPCIIT I NGa
CITY ANO STATE
IUIIER
Urban relief sample
4kron. Ohio
AI buo~rciue, N. lie•.
4nso,,ia, Conn.
Atlanta, Ga.
s.11;..,re. I'd .
Rt!nton H3rbor. Mich.
Biloxi . Miss.
Bi rrni ngha.11, Al a.
Boston, I.lass.
Bo•ling Green, Ky .
Bridgepc,rt, Conn,
Buffalo, N. Y.
Burlington, Vt.
!Jutte, IJont.
Charleston, S. C.
Char I otte, N. C.
Ch ic~qo, 111.
C1ncinn3ti, Ohio
Cl fl!vel and, Ohio
Derby, Conn.
Detroit. Mich.
Douglas, Arir.
Oulutll, Winn .
El P..o, Tex.
E:nid, Oldi,,,
Evansvi I le, Ind.
Ev@r@t t, Wash.
Findl~y. Ohio
Fort Wi!yne, Ind.
177,062
P[RC(NT
PROFE!r PROPRI- CLER- SKILLED
TOTAL
SIONAL
ET ARY ICAL
SOIiSKILLED
UNSKIUEO
LA11011£RS
SPVAIITS
100.0 14.5
1.9
4.8
7.8
2).8
26.0
24.5
11.2
14.888
34. 748
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.4
11.1
10.8
14.2
10.5
1. 7
1.4
0.6
1. 6
1.3
4.1
5.9
4.3
4.5
3.1
6.6
J.8
5.9
8.1
6.1
23.8
21.3
27. 4
21.3
2).2
J().2
211.0
)8. 6
24.1
26.8
21.9
37.0
19.7
1).4
23.3
11.7
10.6
3.5
27.0
16.2
687
711
14,315
32,620
265
100.0 lJ . 1
100.0 5.6
100.0 13.3
100.0 15.3
100. 0 7.9
1.3
0. 7
1. 7
2.1
5.4
-
6. 4
1.5
3.6
2.4
6.4
26.8
1:> .5
21.2
27.6
17. 0
27.2
25.9
20.5
25. 0
14.3
22. 1
)5.7
24. 7
19.1
50.2
10.8
17.:,
20.)
1).0
JD.6
J.688
21,970
100.0 11.7
100.0 17.2
100.0 5.5
100.0 6.9
100.0 14.4
1.2
2. 7
0.6
0.9
1.1
3.2
4.1
1.4
1.6
3.11
7.3
10.4
J.5
9.4
32.9
:,1.s
24. 7
11.11
20. 8
:,3.0
25.4
)8. 7
7.9
23.8
17. 7
20.0
25.0
67. 7
18.8
4. 7
5.9
6.1
5.6
22.2
100.0 8.1
100.0 16.3
100.0 9.6
100.0 15. 4
100.0 10.6
0.8
1.8
1.3
1.6
0.9
J. 7
J.6
10.1
5.5
8.6
5.5
12.0
21.8
20.4
27.0
17.0
24.0
29.1
27.1
28.4
47.0
25.2
20.1
25. 7
19.2
21.2
JO. 7
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
12.11
11. 7
16.8
18.2
22. 7
1.4
1. 7
1,1
2.4
1.J
4.4
4.8
5.2
5.J
14.2
7. 1
5. 2
10. 5
10.5
7.2
Jl.O
18.0
:,1.2
22. 7
26.4
33.9
20.0
24.J
20.11
17.8
16. 0
34. 7
20.0
21.2
2). 7
6.2
15.6
7. 7
17,0
9. 4
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
7.4
13.2
17.1
18.3
0.9
1.4
1.1
1.6
22.3
28.1
27.3
26.8
10.8
)5.2
26.5
32.6
J:,.2
49.0
21.9
27.3
17.5
14.1
16.5
1).2
14.)
J.9
5.8
6.6
10.4
4,2
4.8
4.3
5.8
20.9
18.5
)0,0
7. 700
695
508
)44
5.956
4,348
2,255
103.130
17 .171
40.922
236
30,000
908
3,590
3,1)0
860
4.4
2.8
5.2
4.2
3.4
8.0
10.8
1.5
4.4
12. 7
17.2
10.0
4.2
-
2.6
6.0
9.4
6.3
10.1
Gloversville, N. Y.
Hibbing, Uinn.
Houston, Tex.
Indiana.pol is, Ind.
Jackson, Miss.
420
416
10,332
13.888
1.776
100.0 7.8
100.0 7.2
100. 0 15.8
100.0 10.2
100.0 ID.9
0.9
1.4
1.5
1.1
2.4
2.1
1.9
6.0
;.1
2.1
;.9
8.J
6.0
6.4
20. 7
27.4
21. 3
22,4
20. 8
49.3
20.2
18.5
28.5
17. 7
17.9
39.4
23.5
Jool in, Mo .
K.\ns.as Cit)', Mo .
Kenosha. Wis .
1,497
12,278
2, ISS
13. 7
15. 7
10.6
13.4
10.8
o. 7
1. 4
L8
1.2
1.2
5.9
5.0
3.5
5.9
4.6
6.4
8.9
6.4
6.3
5.0
21.2
20. 8
24. 7
26,4
14 . 0
16. 7
23.2
46.1
21.;
14. 8
34. 7
21.8
14.9
29.6
46.5
13. 7
18.5
3.7
778
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
16.6
8.6
14.8
28.9
12.9
1.6
0.8
2.1
6.4
2.0
J0.7
4.5
;.5
6.7
2.3
4,3
9.2
15.8
8.6
20.6
17.8
25.7
25.9
27.7
18.9
111.0
18.5
111. 7
42.5
JO. 7
Lynn, hlass.
1,098
1,534
),518
5:,,870
J,057
13.2
15.8
18.5
11.0
7.6
a.,l!lnchester. N. H.
Mar~uette. "'ich.
ltili lwaukee, Wis.
ijinneaPol is, Jilinn.
1,742
!>!>2
19.881
15,988
485
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12. 7
1).8
19.1
23.5
5.5
7.6
8.0
12.5
10.1
16.2
29. 7
:,J. 8
28.3
25.6
56.7
27.4
32.2
25.1
21,6
10.9
25.0
14.5
19.2
20.0
lJ,818
246, 7~
).590
5.220
1,582
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
10.1
111. 7
6.4
23.5
12.5
20.2
27.J
12. 0
)0.6
25. 3
19.6
27.1
21.4
22.1
)9.1
)4.1
16.2
100, 0 8.3
100. 0 12.)
100. 0 10.;
100.0 8. 7
100. 0 10.1
1. 1
1.1
1.2
1.5
1.)
20. 0
25.3
22.6
22.9
26,0
4).6
21. 7
)2.9
,30.1
40,)
19. 8
29.0
ZS.2
)0.1
18.0
Gaston;,, N. C.
Klamath Falls , Oreg.
Lake Charles, La.
Lakeland, Fla.
Le,cington, Ky.
Li ti le !lock, Ark.
Lo• Angeles, Cali r.
Minot, N. Dok.
Hew Ori eans, La.
Ne. York, N. Y.
Norfolk, Va.
Ookland, CaHf.
OshlfosJ\, Wis.
Paterson, N. J .
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Portland, ~ine
Port!fflOuth, N, H.
ProV"idence, "'· I.
J,953
1.~10
54)
4,263
286
409
2,743
40,152
1,648
196
6,07!>
8.4
).:J
o. 7
0.9
2.0
4.4
1.8
2.0
3.3
4.0
4.6
10.1
1.2
4.0
0. 7
4.4
2.9
5.9
2.2
6.4
0. 9
4.6
6.0
9. 8
J.5
12. 7
7,0
3.0
2.6
2. 7
3.1
3.2
4.Z
8.6
6.4
4.1
5.6
Digitized by
20.4
20.8
:,e.e
22.5
14.5
9.3
)0.4
14.1
17. 6
4.9
5.5
7.6
9.4
9.)
1).9
7.8
5.2
5.7
8.J
11.;
16. 0
9.7
29.8
9. 7
5.5
8.3
11.7
11.0
8.2
5.6
Google
APPENDIX C
83
Tobi• 7-SOCIO-[CO~OIIIC CLASS OF USUAL OCCUPATION OF HEADS OF FAIIILl[S ON REll[F
IN 79 CITIES. IIAY 1914-ConllnHd
~--=--~-T--~:~\":-.•
c,,v
ANO STATE
~-
!
-----=--~-.~(-::LAA
,
_,..,£A
PERCE•T
Ji>Mdinq, Pa.
lroc~'\t~r. k. Y.
'k;ckfor1, 111,
lloc• 1,1.,>d. Ill.
St. Louis, Yo.
St. Pllul, ltllinn,
$81t lakf' City, OUtl
San Di !'JO, CA l If.
Sen rr,nc,Ko, Calif.
Sc••-t•d1. N. ,.
~lton, Conn,
Pa.
S,,.,nand<>.>n,
S,ou• C,ty, Iowa
S•ov• ,alls, S. [),,.
1---
1-
,.;,11
!
l:.o.~
1
1.1
!::
I.I
1.;
13.0
100.0, l.ll.:i
100.C' n.4
!00.J: U.3
3_;,;e
100.ol 12.,
2.s
4.J
0.2
36A
1,6,0
1,'1J
r -
~
llAi.•J
2.8
100.u 20.,
100.01 /~.o
i ;,o
I
~:~
~:!
2'.>.4
,a.1
7.9
6.1
_,,ng . •.
•c.,, .. d*•
20.u1
J.H,O
J.••s
100.ol
lw.o,
'••l1e1 .. ,. gt.,,..,.__
23.6
16. 7
20.1
9.3
s.•
9.1
13.0
6.7 ,1u.;
8.2 'II. 7
3.7 ,IJ.~
29.l
/9.2
2;.8
1.9
I.I
0.8
1.2
3- 7
2.0
2.31'
7.•
J.1
ll.•
JI. 5
26.1
9. ~
;1.9
21.8
2;.1
2,.;
l.~
17. II
•.91
;, I
2,..
17.9
•.2
6,lj
:t~
/9.e
n.o
11.8
U.7
18.9
1~. ~
87.•
26. ~
4.0
l
U.9
i ::;
'
L~-~
1e,.,.,1 ... ... ,..,
20.6 _
,_11, ...... - . "1411111 ......... , . , ... 1111. lltooM - - · · M(l-«o. . . ,c , . . . . . , . . . . ,
ew•d,Ole• .,_, -.OU
6.2
5.2
21.8
27.9
21.,
20.;
2,.2
11. 7
1,.4
I
U.9
u.e
15.5
I.I
1.;
0.6
32.8
26.5
7.0
I.V
---
s.2
1.•
2.9
2. 2
-
SEA"ANTS
2;,;
11.b
1
UNc;KILL£D
---
\KILLED1LA80AE.AS
3.7
;.~
1
8.0 I
Va.
V.:i I
•• '-•s--S.,re, I'll.
1uu.01 7.0 I
~~•"<J!":~ _ _L~'JI~ LIOO.O _u__J _
.. ,n,ngton, D. c.
~Ewi-
!:! ;:~
o.~
U,.o,
I
I
n.1
6.1
•.7,
;,,1LLEO
27.8
2.1
,.1
0.9
I.V
1.1
3,;
lvo.v, IJ.b
4, cl8
22,;iJ.J
l,tl'J
I
-L
---7----f
-
I TOTAL ,PAOf-'ES-'P'QoPAl-,CLfRj
~IOIIAl. I ETARY j ICAL.
I ,.2;5 100.c! 8.8
'!~:~~~ :~:~, ~:~
I l,<"81!()(1,v:12.7
1,He I 100.0• 13.;
I 28,700
lu,<"'1'1
" -
18.0
26.4
11. 7
26.8
I
2';.2
~~- 3
~:~
~-8
2.2
1.3
1.0
6.8
27.8
10.1
,.1
1!>.2
,119,
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Tobia a-RATIO OF HEADS OF FAIIILIES WITHOUT WORK EXPERIENCE TO All HEAOS
OF RELIEF FAMILIES IN 79 CITIES, IIAY 19,,
Cl fY ANO STAT(
Urban Rel ief SMi,lo
Alcran , Ot,io
Al bu-niue, N. llox ,
Anaon ia. Conn.
At I ant&, Ge.
Bait i...,ro, lld,
Benton Hart>or, Iii eh.
Biloxi, Mis1.
,,..IL'f' HE.I.OS
REPOATING 8
206.~
29,!,23
e. 790
1,090
195
129
4,522
7, 35()
890
637
19,410
42,098
BU
Bl mingh .. , Ala,
Boston, llass.
Bo,rl ing Green,
958
16,898
41,860
297
Br idgeport, Conn.
S.,ffalo, N: Y,
S..rl ington, Vt.
S..tte, llont.
Charles\on, S. C.
4, 191
26, !560
411
6,1182
4,878
K,.
Charl otte, N. C.
C~ieago, 111.
Cincinnati. Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Derby, Conn,
0.trol I, Iii eh.
Dou9las. Ariz.
!Nluth, llinn.
El Paso, Tex.
Enid, Okla.
Evansv il le, Ind.
Everett. •ash .
Findlay, Oh io
Fort Wayne, Ind.
Gastonia, N. C.
Gloversvll le, N, Y.
Hibbing, Minn.
Houston, Tex.
FMII LY HEADS WI THOIJT
1011< OPEAI fllCE
2,70S
12,,230
19,8511
47,418
302
RATIO
"·'
12.,
21. ,
3).,
23 ,3
17.5
157
247
2,58,
9,240
32
18.6
25.8
15. ,
22.1
10.8
50)
12.0
17.)
16.,
14. 7
4,580
&7
1,0215
530
450
21,100
2.&88
6,49&
66
w.,
1e.e
17. 0
1,3.5
13.7
21.,
31.570
1.101
4,11,
1,570
193
583
91M
124
4,768
1,814
651
'· 75,
815
304
108
490
47
17.1
16.8
16.6
477
457
12,768
16,492
57
11.9
'1
2.,,e
,.89)
m
76,
5.0
17.5
1'.0
19.6
12. e
w.,
14,1
,.o
2,506
2, 604
730
19. 1
15.8
29,1
46'
z,. 7
Kl,...th Fol Is, Oreg.
Lake Charles, La.
1, 961
13,636
3,346
443
BM
1,)58
448
34
118
10.0
1).4
7, 7
1,.2
Lakeland, Fla.
Lexington, Ky.
Little Rock, Ark.
Los Angeles, Calif.
Lynn, llass.
1,281
1, 73)
3,851
58,620
3, 71JJ
llanehester, N. H.
Mer"'et te. '-lich .
2,2)6
658
22. 19•
18,578
556
Indianapolis, Ind.
Jackson , Mi u .
Joplin, llo.
Kansas Ci ty, llo.
Ke-noYla, •1 s.
Mi lwaulcee. Wi , .
WinnH.pol is, Minn.
llli not. N. Dale.
New Ori eans, La.
"ew York,
H. Y.
Norfolk , Va .
Oakland , Cal H.
Oshlcosh, #i ,.
Paterson, N. J.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Portland, Maine
Port.,,.,.th , N. H,
Providence, R. I,
183
u.,
199
333
5,750
11.5
8.6
9.6
19,1
""
22.1
16.1
10. ,
13,t
12.1
15,4~
219.240
,,035
5,709
1,817
1,638
32,,90
10.e
•89
235
12.,
3,215
472
S.UB
286
75
933
,s. s10
1, 934
271
7, 008
m
106
2.313
2. !,90
71
us
11.6
11.0
8.6
14. 7
11.9
14.8
27 . 7
13. 3
-
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APPINDII C
Tnlo I-RATIO
o,
o,
o, H
rl .. lLIE5
MUDS
•CLIH
S..gi,...., Illich.
St. Loo ••• llo.
St. P-,l, Winn.
S.lt LA•• C,ty. Utah
S.. 0;eqo, Cal if.
Son Francisco, Calif.
.,...
,au u MEA.01 e1 nouT
id'UII 8'Cl
IIATIO
,.6'2
1• . 8))
• . 7'l0
1.47)
2.096
)!17
2.'18
8. )
16. 7
15. 1
U .6
28.5
31.670
·~-°'1
5. ~•1
,,976
).890
2 .1•2
1.005
•'.lll
2,U0
11.9
16. ,
1G.9
•.•86
'118
l.~2
1. e.n
1, '>112
163
171
119
10. 9
18. 9
16.8
9.,
7.5
•PO•T•~•
llu,li"9 . Pa .
'loc-.,t er. •· Y.
llocHord . 111.
Jlocll lsl..a, 111 .
715
115
5911
2'!>,120
·~
'·
,_
S,,.. ondooh .....
Su,..• Cit1 ,
Sico,x Falla, S. 0...
...,,,.,on. D.
C.
..... li"I, •• Vo.
Wil_.,rro, l'L
Wil•i"9ton, Del.
86
,.095
2',542
2.~
),195
,.m
•''•Ill•• .....
MCle-«e..-lr: CIIH •' . . . ,1 •cwtat l .a
·(•tl-'el ......
IN 79 CIT!£$, IIAY 19'•-Co•lluod
,_,,L, NIAOS
CITY MO STATI
Sc"-Udy. N
S..lton. c-.
.. ILl[S WITNOUT •Otn [Xl'[Rl[NC[ TO lLL H[lOS
fM 111 H
. ., .
et • M l - - l l n
- · .........
........
--M
e.e
9.6
,so
~
16. 7
10. 7
11. 6
)50
9. •
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIBF
86
Table 9-SOClO-ECONOIIIC CLASS OF USUAL occu,ATION OF WORKERS ON RELIEF
IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934"
TOTAi. REPOAT1fr1Gb
'#CITE CX>LLAR
Cl TY NID STATE
Urban Relief San-<,l e
Akron. Ohio
Albuquerque, ~. \tex.
Ansonia, Conn.
Atlanta. G-ri.
Baltimore, l.td.
Benton Harbor, Mich.
Ski LLEO
S9'19<1LLEO
UNSKILLED
HINBER
PERCEJH
TOTN.
PICFE~
SIONAL
PR>PRI-
CLER-
ETARr
ICAI.
258,517
100.0
16.5
2.2
3.5
10. 8
17. 7
27.8
38.0
10,305
1.044
902
25 ,172
52,990
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
14.9
12. •
12.0
1J.3
13.6
1.9
2. 2
1.2
1.5
1.2
J,3
4. 1
3.0
3.2
2.6
9. 7
6.1
7.8
8.6
9.8
19.5
15.3
19. 7
lJ.8
17. 0
32.2
19.2
42.2
24. 3
28.6
3).4
5.3.1
26.1
48.6
40.8
1,036
1,242
23 . 709
45,514
479
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13. 7
6.6
14.9
20.2
6. 7
5,375
32,660
549
8,492
7,738
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4,188
148,650
25,893
60. 368
413
1.3
4.4
2.1
2.2
1.1
2. 5
2.0
4,8
8.0
4. 8
10.3
16. 0
1.9
20. 1
9.6
14 . 6
22.2
u.o
28. 0
35-3
20.0
29.1
18.8
38.2
48.5
40.!I
28.S
63. 5
13.8
21.3
8.4
11.5
17.1
1. 3
2.6
0.4
1.6
1.9
2.3
3.2
1.1
1. 3
2.5
10. 2
15.S
6.9
8.6
12. 7
26.2
24.2
16.9
9. 7
13.2
JS. 7
26.8
36.6
10.1
28. 0
2•.3
27. 7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
7. 6
19. 7
10. 7
18.8
1).8
0.8
1.9
1. 3
1.8
I. 2
2.1
3.5
2.2
3.9
2.4
4. 7
14,3
7.2
13, 1
10.2
7.2
16.5
15.2
20.3
11.6
24.4
31.2
28.l
29.4
50.4
•3. 700
1.331
5,290
4,495
1,191
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 . •
100.0
16.8
15.3
20.8
20.8
21.5
1. 7
3.4
3,8
3. 7
4.0
10.8
11.7
9.5
15.5
14,3
8.9
23.3
13. 7
23.6
18.1
21.5
_32.6
19.1
25. 7
19.9
18.5
6.200
1,853
883
6. 152
466
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
8.5
15.0
16.3
19. 0
10.9
0.9
1.6
1.3
1. 7
o.,
2.0
5.2
5.8
4. 7
6.2
5.6
8.2
9.2
12.6
4.3
16.2
,?J.2
21.0
21.1
6.0
37.4
27.4
37.6
34.9
52.0
707
570
15,428
21,602
2,600
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.2
9.5
15. 5
12.8
12. 7
1.6
1.9
1.3
1.3
2.3
1.4
1.8
4. 5
2.4
1.8
6.2
5.8
9. 7
9.1
8.6
lJ.9
23.0
15.4
16.5
15.2
54.9
16.8
?I.I
27.2
17.2
22.D
50. 7
48.0
43.5
54.9
Joplio, Mo.
Kansas City , Mo.
Kenosha . Wis.
Klamath Fa I h, Oreg.
Lake Charles. La.
2,327
16,387
13.4
18.2
14. l
15.0
12.3
1.8
2.1
1.5
1.6
1.8
4. 3
1.3
2. 7
5.3
3. 0
12.0
9.9
8.1
7. 5
15.4
16. 7
19. 0
22.8
9.8
19.3
4, 1
505
1,247
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
44.7
21.8
12.6
51.9
40.7
22.2
40.4
65.3
Lakeland, Fla.
1.873
2,582
5, 180
75,670
4,928
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.8
7.9
15.8
JO. 7
17.2
1.9
0. 7
2.1
7.0
2.3
6.9
2.9
2. 7
5. 4
1.8
18.3
13.1
13.1
11.8
18.8
20. 7
19. 7
21.5
21.8
18.3
21,3
46.0
51.6
58.5
47.1
27 • .J
17.1
2,882
835
26,496
21. 483
731
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
8.5
17.9
15.5
o. 7
1.4
3.2
3. 1
3.9
6.8
6.4
12.8
10. 6
17. 2
lJ.6
11.3
23.0
27. I
22.9
18.2
60. 4
24.6
34,5
26.0
20.2
}4.5
22.9
27.9
24.6
1.9
1.8
2.1
4. 2
New Orleans , La.
New York, N. Y.
Norfolk, Va.
Oakland, Call f.
Oshkosh, Wis .
20,888
379.380
6,035
7. 923
2,419
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.5
25.0
6.8
25.1
13. 1
I.I
4.1
0. 9
4. 5
0.8
2.3
1. 7
4.8
3.3
8.1
16. 7
4.2
15.8
9.0
14.3
19.9
8.1
23.1
18.4
20. 7
29.9
21,9
26.2
38.8
63.2
Paterson, N. J.
Pittsburgh. Pa.
3,974
56.616
2,5:JO
269
10.080
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.6
15. 7
13.6
9.3
12.2
1. 2
1.1
1.1
1.5
1.2
2.2
2.0
1.8
2.2
2.2
6.2
12.6
10. 7
5.6
0.8
15.4
20.6
16.6
18.6
18. 3
46.8
22 . 0
3).8
:,,. 1
46.5
,i.o
Bilo•i.
Mis5.
Bi rmi ngha,,i, Ale.
Boston, Mass.
Bowling Cree,,, Ky.
Bridgeport, Conn.
Buffalo, N. Y.
Burlington, Vt.
Butte, "4ont.
Charleston, S. C.
Charlot te, N. C.
Chicago , 111.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleveland. Ohio
Deroy, Coon.
Det ro it. Mich.
Doug h s, Ariz.
D..duth, Minn.
El Paso , Tex.
Enid, Okla.
Evans'li 1le, Ind .
Eve rot t, Wash.
Findlay, Ohio
Fort Wayne, Ind.
Gastonia , N. C.
Gloversville, N. Y.
Hlbbiog, t,f inn.
Houston, rex.
Ind i anapo 1 is, Ind.
Jackson, Miss.
Lexington , Ky.
Little Rock, Ark.
Los Angeles, Calif.
Lynn, Mass.
Wanchester, N. H.
\larquette, Wich.
ijilwaukee, Wis.
Minnc.spol is, Minn .
Minot, N. Dek.
Portland. Maine
Portsmouth, N. H.
Providence, R. I.
,.a.a
23. 2
o. 7
-
2.0
1.6
2.5
1.8
4 .2
5.0
4.3
u.o
Digitized by
24.4
Google
JS.l
68. 7
4L7
60.8
.32.6
46.0
31.5
24.2
27.J
51.9
29.9
H.2
38. 5
37.9
34.,
25.1
25.0
31.1
19.B
31.0
53.5
25.2
25.6
29.7
28.2
41.7
J9.0
23.0
87
APPENDIX C
Tole 1-SOCIO-[CONOIIIC CLASS OF USUAL OCCUPATION OF •ORHRS ON RELIEF
IN 71 CITIES, WlY 193•"-Co•llo ■ od
TOTAL AEr()lltTI•• "'
Cl
n
WUWIEA
PPC81T
TOTAi.
Roct-e~ter, N. Y.
Rocofol"<I . 111.
lloc• Is l and , 111.
S.9 i nH, W1ch.
5.9'50
17 , 577
5.65J
I . 759
I. 79•
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
9.5
U.3
St. lou;, , _...,
!t. PatrJI • ., i nn.
S.lt I.Ake C;1, , Utall
Sen O;eqo, CaH I .
Son fra,,c;aco, C.Hf.
•J. 730
16 ,373
6,9 7
6.~
29.0!JO
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100. 0
100.0
l!>.6
2•.8
5,985
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
16. 7
8 .8
5.6
20.2
2,.1
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100. 0
8.8
IJ.J
10. ,
10. 2
lftoad in11, Pe.
Sc•eNCtody, N. Y.
Shal ton, Conn.
$.,.,_clOah,
,,,..
Pa,
S icu• Ci t, ,
S;ou• fal h, S. Oak.
Wath ;"9ton,
D. C.
""ae l ,"'I , • · Ya.
Wi I 1res-a..rr1, Pa.
Wi l•ington, 0.1.
60•
2, IIJ
2, •3'
2, 172
27.'503
J. "°6
5,188
5, )88
._, •• ,. ii , . ., • • , ... _, ... ,.
1 hcl ....
, .... • - ...,., .. ni.,.-,
,.,. .......
s.. ,_
.....
•c.iu.£D
9(1LLB>
22. •
23 . J
2, . 2
20.3
25. 9
J9.0
37.9
'l6 . 5
29.1
2•.5
20.9
31.8
)' . J
941 TE CDllAA
MO STATE
18.•
14.1
14.3
1' . 2
23 . 1
11 .,
IIR.'.)J:[S.,.
IIA)ltJII-
SIOIIAL.
ET.,,.
C<Ea.
ICAI.
9<1lllD
6. 1
1.0
1.8
1.,
I. I
1.6
1.8
2.5
5.0
3.0
5.5
10. 0
17. 0
10.0
1. 2
I.I
2.1
2. 2
• .3
J. 5
•.5
5. 3
6.J
J.2
9.6
16 . 5
IJ , 9
15 . 0
16. 9
11 . 2
20. •
1,.1
21. 6
22. 2
JI. 2
28 .9
26 . 5
•J . •
27.6
)? .6
29.8
26 . 5
2.8
0.8
I.~
1.9
II. 1
6.2
•. 9
10.J
12. 5
2, . •
o.•
2.2
1.8
O.J
8.•
10.J
19.0
8. 2
16 . •
18.8
32 . J
51.6
12. 1
2).6
24.2
26.6
20.6
7•. I
39,8
)2.J
2.0
I.I
1.0
0.9
0.9
J.O
1.6
I. 7
5.9
9. 2
7. 8
7.6
1•.1
19. 6
1) . 9
1.5.1
17. 9
29. 1
18.C
28.1
..,
JJ.B
25. 5
11.1
n.o
59.2
38.0
57.J
•&.6
.ci ....c .... l c cl ... •' ...., ecc .. e11 . . . . . . . . . . .
Digitized by
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URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBF
88
Table 10-SOCIO-[CONOIIIC CLASS OF USUAL OCCUPATION OF IIAL[ WORKERS
ON RELIEF IN 79 CITIES, IIAY lt)C 8
114tTE COLLAR
TDTAL AE'OATIIIG'
SBoll-
u...
IIIILLIO
911LLED
24.6
25.8
31,8
21.0
:,S.5
29. 5
27.9
"·'
6.8
9.3
9,6
2,.8
20.8
25. 7
26. 3
2C,2
6.1
1.8
4.3
2.e
7.1
6.3
3,8
8.2
12. 7
1.9
2'7.9
te.7
26, 4
211.3
17.1
27. 4
2).9
2).7
25.5
IC,2
31. 1
53, 5
35.8
1.2
2.5
0.5
0.8
o.8
2. 9
3. 7
1.,
1.,
8.9
11.0
5.0
5.1
12.0
32.9
:,0.5
21.2
11.4
26.0
31.8
25.5
)5.1
7.2
28.4
22.)
4.2
17.6
10.9
17.0
13, I
0.7
1.6
1.1
1.8
1.0
6. 3
11.,
6.8
10. 2
8.8
14,6
20.6
22.6
27.3
14.7
29,1
29.0
27. 7
29.7
45.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
IC . 2
1).5
16.7
18.8
22.,
1. 3
1. 7
1.1
2. ,
1,3
a.a
29. 2
18.C
:,0.2
26.5
27.)
,. ,8
19.1
25, ,
19.C
16.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
8.6
12.,
16.9
18.5
15.1
0.8
1.1
1.0
1. 7
2. 7
5. 7
8.1
6.0
10. 7
5.1
~. 6
7,8
10.8
2c . 2
26.6
29,2
27. 7
10.,
3'.2
26.9
29.6
32,3
52.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.3
7.2
17. 7
12.,
10.9
1.6
1.3
1.2
0.8
1.1
2. 3
2.1
7.2
6.,
3,8
9,3
8.0
6.6
22,3
27.9
25.C
24.6
30,9
37, 7
16.6
20.2
28.8
17.9
i.,.8
17. 6
U.7
13.1
11.2
1.,
2;1
1.0
1. 0
0. 6
5.8
6.2
3, 3
6, 6
4,2
,.,
1.,
21. 6
24.9
22.9
27.1
1).8
15,7
n.2
45.0
20.3
15.6
59,C
1.1
21.,
18.6
:,0.6
28.2
21.1
17,4
20.,
46.8
52.8
18. 7
,1.e
25.4
15.8
16.7
27.7
32,8
29. 1
s,.o
25.0
33,0
25.2
21.0
20.8
32.e
20.,
25.C
:,0.9
21. 7
27, 2
25.8
22.8
45,3
2,.0
49, 5
2,. ,
2U
43,6
22.5
:,0.2
29.8
:,S.6
26.9
)8.0
:,5.1
''°"sSIONAL
,0111ETAIIT
CLIIIICAL
IIIILLED
14.t
1. 7
C.7
8.5
12.,
10.9
11.8
16.)
14 , 1
1.6
1.2
1, )
1.2
1. 1
'· 1
5, 3
).7
5. 8
).4
6. 7
,.,
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.e
5.9
IC . I
17.5
9.0
1.2
0.3
1.6
2.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.0
17. 2
6.8
7.Z
17.)
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
u.z
Cl TY •D ITATI
Nl.1111111
'EACl!NT
Urban Relief 5-le
184,918
100.0
Akron, Ohio
Albuquerque, N. Ila•.
Anson la, Conn.
Atlanta, Ga..
Bal I i..,ro , lid.
8,0:,0
n1
692
13. 15)
36.9)2
100, 0
100,D
100.0
100.0
100.0
Benion Harllor, llich.
Bi loxi, lliu,
I I nolnghall, Ala.
Boston, . lla11.
llj,wl Ing G,-, Ky.
741
711
13.013
3' . 315◄
)10
Bridgeport, Conn.
Buffalo, N. Y.
Burl lngton, Vt.
Butte, llont.
CharlHton, S, C.
4,257
25,670
Charlotte, N. C.
Ch i cago, 111.
2,070
105. 7BO
17, 227
Cincinnati, Ohio
,,e
7,170
3,920
Cle-,eland . Ohio
Dert>y , Conn.
U,)66
306
Detro i t , ~ich.
)1 , 460
Oougl as , Ariz.
Du l uth, lf i M.
991
, . 118
El Paso. Tex.
Enid, Ol<la.
),0)8
E•ansv l Ila, Ind.
Everett, Wa,h,
Findlay, Ohio
Fort Wayne, Ind.
Gaatonia, N, C.
C,108
1,627
617
Gloversvi lie, N, Y.
Hibbing, llinn,
Houaton, Tax.
lndlanapol la, Ind,
Jad<son, Iii 11.
921
4 ,660
272
,35
470
9,"2
IC, 2BO
1,:,08
TDTAL
-
-
◄ .5
◄ .6
3,0
5.0
,.,
,.1
,.,
C.5
5. 3
13.5
M
3.2
7, C
11.1
11, 1
7. 6
'·'
JoPlln, llo .
Kanaaa City, llo.
Kanow, Wis,
Kl-th Falfa, 0,-a,
Lake Cha rl n, I.a.
1,651
10. a
3,'55
.,
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Lakeland, Fla.
la•lngton, Ky.
LI tt le "'ck, Art..
Loa AngelH, Cell r.
Lynn, llaaa.
1, 142
3, 175
55,0)0
3.465
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.5
8.3
14.5
27.7
14.7
1.8
6.0
2.,
10. 4
C. 3
3,9
6.9
2.6
ll inot, N, Oak,
1,810
1189
21 , 870
16,821
561
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.5
14. 7
13.1
20.,
24,6
0.8
1.5
1.9
2.0
,.o
1.8
3,8
3.6
c.5
8. 9
8.4
13,8
12.7
New or•-•· La.
13,979
New York, N. Y.
285, ,00
Norfolk, Ya.
O,kland, Cal i f.
0ahkosh, Wis,
2,933
5.5'5
1,848
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
11.8
22. 7
8.5
20. ,
12.1
1.0
,. 7
0.6
,.,
o.8
3.1
5.3
,.2
e.o
4, 1
7. 7
13, 7
,.1
11.0
7. 2
21. 2
26.1
16.C
32,5
24.0
Paterson, N. J.
Pittsburgh, Pa,
2,947
100.0
100.0
100,0
100.0
100.0
9.0
13.2
12.1
8.e
11.8
1.1
1.0
0.6
1.,
1.2
2.9
2.4
2.5
2.9
2.8
5.0
9.8
9.0
4.)
20.5
28. )
22.6
23,1
7,8
2'.5
llanchastar, N. H,
Marquette, Iii ch.
llil-kae, Wia.
Minneapol i I, MiM.
Portland, "8.ine
Port""°"th, N. H.
Providence, R. I,
39C
1.632
CC,268
1,858
208
7.29)
o. 7
6, 6
6.1
6.,
,.,
,.o
8.8
14.8
9. 7
..,
6.9
Digitized by
23,5
is.,
"·'
Google
31,0
47.)
26.0
27.9
33,8
28.7
59.7
25.8
:,S.9
74.2
:,0.)
45.1
:,0.8
,a.a
215.0
26.5
21.8
49,0
27.7
)5.)
"·'
,c.o
34,1
2, . ,
21.5
22.,
29. 7
ca.,
36. 7
"·'
co.,
48.1
,C.3
20.,
,a.,
35.6
311.5
2,.1
89
APPENDIX C
Table 10-S0C I 0-EC0N0II IC CLASS OF USUAL OCCUPATION OF MALE WORKERS
ON ~ELIEF IN 79 CITIES, IIAY 1934"-Conlt•••d
TOTAl RE~RTINGD
N-l!TE COLLAR
Cl TY MO STATE
Reading, Pa.
Roctester, H. Y.
Rodi ford, 111.
Roell Island. Ill,
Saginaw, Illich,
St. Louis. Mo.
St. Paul, Minn.
Salt l•ke Cit,, Utah
S.,, O,ego, Cali I.
Sa.n Francisco, Calif.
Schen~tadt, N. Y.
She 1ton. Conn.
S~enandoah, Pa.
Sioux C1 ty, Iowa
Sioux Falls, S. llak,
Washington, 0. C.
Wheeling, •· Va.
Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
•i lr11inqtot1, Del.
UN-
SKILLED
28.3
29.0
)0. I
24.8
)0.8
31.9
35,9
JJ,2
24.2
)0.5
24.4
18.8
)0.6
32,0
17 .6
27 .o
29.8
28.9
28.)
27. 7
19.6
19.4
23,3
25.5
31.3
28.6
27.9
8.6
3,5
2.5
6.0
8.9
)0.4
2).5
9.6
20. 7
24.8
31.2
50.2
5.8
23.9
22.9
24.8
20.1
81.6
36.3
28.6
5.3
6.6
6.1
5.8
2).6
25.1
16. 7
2).1
18. 7
27. 2
13.1
28.)
49. 7
)6.5
61.5
PROPRt-
CLE~
SIONM.
ET ARY
ICAL
1.0
1.5
I.I
0.9
1.3
2. 3
2.8
5.8
).6
6.2
6.0
8.0
8.3
6.9
5.5
15.9
19.8
18.8
22.2
19.9
0.9
I. 7
1.5
2. 7
3.4
5. 2
5. 7
6.4
7.9
4.0
9.8
12.4
10.9
11.6
12.5
JO,)
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
IJ.6
6.2
3.0
19.1
23, 7
2.3
0.6
0.2
o. 7
1.0
2. 7
2.1
0.3
10.4
13.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
8.0
11.2
8.7
9.4
1.3
0.9
0. 7
0.9
1.4
3, 7
1.9
2. 7
PEACEJIT
TOTAL
4,682
4,530
1. 413
1,488
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.3
12.3
15.2
11.4
1).0
27, •JO
12. 215
5. 217
4,802
21,860
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4,770
486
1. 795
1. 916
1,621
16. 352
2,643
4,253
3.500
14.063
SEMI-
SKILLED
SK I LLED
PAOFES.NtN9EA
)4.)
)8.2
39.2
•-.c,11e,, u ,•ars or .,. and ower.
bhcl•cl•• &flON ...,o ~- n-.er 90rkff a,ul tftOH llftOH aoc10-ecof'Oalc cl••• or uau,1 occupation••• un,no~.
1330M 0-37--3
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
90
Table 11-SOCIO-ECONOIIIC CLASS OF USUAL OCCUPATION OF FEIIALE WORKERS 0tl IIELIEF
IN 79 Cl TIES, IIAY 19)4 8
TOTAL REPORTINGb
IIIUTE COLLAR
Cl TY AND STATE
Pll>FES-
PROf'RI-
SIOIIAL
ET-
SIMI-
CLEIIICAL
9<1LLED 911LLED
NIMSER
PERCENT
TOTAL
Urbon Relief S.mple
73,599
100.0
20.,
3.1
0.6
16.7
0.6
Akron, Ohio
Albuquerque, N. "1ex.
Ansonia. Conn.
At 1anta. Ga.
Bolt imore, lld.
2,275
273
210
12,019
16,058
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
23.7
16.8
12.,
10.0
12.,
2.8
5.1
1.0
1.8
1.4
0.7
o. 7
0.5
0.3
o. 7
20.2
11.0
10.9
7.9
10.3
0.9
Benton Horbor, llich.
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13,9
7.5
15.9
29.8
2.4
1.4
1.1
2. 7
1.9
0.3
0.2
o.,
-
0.6
12.2
6.2
12.8
27.9
1.8
0.3
Bos ton. \lass.
Bo,,i inq Green, Ky.
295
531
10,696
10,150
169
Br idgepart, Conn.
11,,ffalo, N, Y.
11,,rl ington, Yt.
Butte, llont.
Charleston, S, C,
1,118
6,990
110
1,322
3,818
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
17. 1
36.2
14,6
:,5.1
17.0
1.6
3,0
0.3
1.3
0.9
1.3
6.1
3.1
1.2·
0.5
15.2
31.9
14.6
27.8
Charlotte, N. C.
Chicago, 1ll.
2,118
42,870
8,666
16,002
107
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
4.0
25.0
10,3
,23.8
15.11
0.11
2. 7
1.8
2.1
1.9
Detroit, Iii ch.
Oauglu, Ariz.
O,,luth, Minn.
El Puo, Tex.
Enid, Okla.
9,240
3'0
1,172
1,457
270
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
26.2
20,3
35,1
25.l
18.9
Evans't'ille. Ind.
Everett, Wash,
Findlay, Ohio
Fort Wayne, Ind,
Gastonia, N, C.
2,092
2E6
1,492
194
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Gloversville, N. Y.
272
100
6,076
7,322
1,372
Bi lo,ri. Wiss.
Bi minghani, Ala.
-
-
0.2
0.4
0.1
1.0
-
-
13.,
0.3
0.2
0. 7
0.6
0.8
-
3..1
21.6
7.9
20.9
1'.0
1.5
o.,
1.0
2.8
3- 1
2.9
3,3
2.9
3, 7
0.8
1.8
0.9
1.3
1.9
22,3
15.6
30.9
20.9
13.3
8.5
32.6
15.0
20.4
5.1
1,3
5.1
2.3
1. 7
1.0
0.6
1. 7
0.4
0.6
6.6
25.8
12.3
18.1
,.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
20.0
12,2
13. 7
14.4
1.5
5.0
1.5
2.2
3.5
-
Kl-th Falls, Orag,
Lake Charin, La.
676
5,579
693
111
363
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12. 7
19.3
26.0
111.8
1'.9
3.0
2. 1
3.6
3,6
4. 7
Lakeland, Fla.
Lexington, Ky.
Little Rock, Ark.
Los Angeles, Cal if.
Lynn, Mass.
731
2,005
20,640
1,463
100;0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
11.1
7.2
17.8
39.0
23.3
992
146
4,626
4,662
170
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Norfolk, Ya.
Oakland, Calif.
Oshkosh, Wis.
6,909
9',080
3,102
2,3111
571
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
100.0
Paterson, N. J.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Portland, Maine
PortSfflOUth, N. H.
Providence. R. I.
1,027
12,348
672
61
2,787
100.0
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Derby, Conn,
Hibbing, .. inn.
Houston, Tex.
lndi•naool 1s, Ind.
Jackson, Miss.
Joplin, llo.
Kansas City, llo.
Kenosha, Wis.
Manchester. N. H.
Marquette, Mich.
Milwaukee, Wis.
MinneePol is, Minn.
Minot, N. Dok.
Now Ori eans, La.
New York, N. Y.
236
950
-
-
-
9<1LLED
32.8
46.2
"·'
,2.0
611.3
26.2
71.2
57.l
29.5
50.7
15.5
'1.4
27.2
56,3
41.8
13.9
61.,
18.6
30.1
50.3
27.9
42.7
26.0
29.6
58.5
27.8
10.,
31.7
:,u
,2.1
38.6
53.2
76.2
19.8
36.8
28.9
28.8
63.5
so.,
2,.5
19.1
27.0
20.8
27.0
48.l
60.3
31.,
5'-6
52.6
0.6
0.4
1.9
0.7
45.4
30,9
~.0
42.9
51.6
,s.5
36,1
27.1
36.0
,3,3
5.9
15.0
10.2
11.2
10.5
0.4
82.3
18.0
22.4
2,.2
16.e
9.9
S2.0
65.4
61.5
68.9
0,6
0.3
o.,
0.9
0.3
0.9
-
9.1
16.9
22.0
15.3
10.2
-
27.8
26.7
,3.3
27.0
5.2
59.2
53.1
:,0.7
'7.8
79.9
3.1
0.7
2.6
9.8
2.1
1.4
o.,
o. 7
1.,
0.1
6.6
6.1
14.5
27.8
21.1
o.,
0.1
0.1
0.9
o. 7
27.8
24.4
18.3
?8.1
55.9
60.7
68,3
63.8
6. 7
33.6
2).2
3).6
24. 7
0.6
,.1
1.,
2.6
8.2
0.6
o. 7
0.6
1.,
-
5.5
28.8
21.2
29.6
16.5
1.0
0.7
0.4
0.8
0.6
74.4
22.6
,1.,
28.8
17.6
17.9
43.1
35.0
36.8
57. 1
10.9
31,9
5.2
35.8
16.3
1.4
5.2
1.2
7,2
0.9
0.6
o.s
0.2
1.9
o. 7
8.9
25.11
3.8
26. 7
U.7
0,3
1.1
0.2
1.5
o.,
18. 7
38.l
18.4
3'.0
37.0
70.1
28.9
76.2
28.7
46,3
11,2
1.1
1.6
2.,
1.6
1.2
0.2
0.5
-
9.9
22.6
15.5
9.9
0.5
0.2
0.5
11.5
2.3
56.0
20.2
43.5
44.2
64.4
32.3
5'.9
:,S.6
'1.0
20.1
1.,
24. 7
17.9
11.5
13.2
0.5
0.3
o.,
-
Digitized by
1.2
0.3
M
0.5
1.5
0,6
0.1
5.4
3.3
Google
36.7
46.4
17.8
,z.o
20.1
91
APPENDIX C
Table 11-SOCIO-ECONOIIIC CUSS OF USUAL OCC~PATION OF FEMALE ll'ORKERS ON RELIEF
IN 79 CITIES. MAY 193••-conilaood
TOTM. AEPORTINGb
NUMMR
lifn1i"g. Pa.
lloc l-e"". t ~r, N. Y.
Roe, ford, 111 .
Roel. 1,Jand , 111.
Sagil'l.l•, 1Aich.
Sl. l o-Ji ,, Mo.
St. Paul . \I inn.
Solt lAke C; tr. Ut•h
San Oieqo, Calif.
Sen F'rainc i ICO , Calif.
Schf>nectad,. N. Y.
5~H!•l ton, Con n.
St-erian,:,Mh, Pa,
Siouw City,
s;ouw rolh, S.
'""" O.,.
•ashingtOt'!, 0. C.
wt,e,el in9, W. Va.
•i I 1re,-B4rre, Pa.
Wi l,.inqton, Oel.
1,258
J,51'
1.173
:),6
~
16 . 300
• · l';8
I , JE,0
1,902
7,190
1,215
118
378
518
551
11. 151
763
935
1,888
·~Fr.. ·. . .
~
... ,TE COLLAII
CITY MO STATE
.......
SIONM. l/ EH.RY
PEACOIT
TOTAi.
100 .0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
10.,
22.3
31. 2
2'1 . !
20 . 3
o.9
J.0
2. 7
2.0
2.E
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
11. 5
)).0
31.6
}4 . 0
,0.1
1.5
3.•
• .9
8.2
8.9
0. 7
1.2
I.I
2.3
0.8
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
29. 7
19.5
20.1
2• .3
21.,
•.9
I. 7
1.8
,.2
4.4
O.•
0.8
O.J
I. 2
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100. 0
9. 9
20. 7
18.2
11.6
).0
2.0
2. 1
1.0
O.J
o. 7
O.J
-_,...,, 16 ,•ar1 of at• •nf o•er.
•1..ch,dH U.ON-. llad ,...,,., " " ' " _. ...... .,.. .. NCi . . ac•oalc
1
1
I
-~--3
1.0
1.6
0.)
2.0
i
9.2
18.3
26 . 9
ch••., . __,.,
UNSKILLED
I
0. 7
0.6
0. 2
6•.9
~2. 2
19. 2
2,.0
24.9
29.•
37.1
•5. 7
22 .B
I..
36 . •
I 15. 7
2.0
J2.0
9. J
78.•
?5.6
73.5
0.6
0. 1
0.5
0 .9
1.8
)6.1
37.5
0. 6
0.8
0.)
)6.5
57. 7
•6 . 1
22. •
28.)
?..,, 7
16.8
73.0
43.2
)8.0
60.6
I
I
I
I 30.,
I 2).9
11.0
- I
-
S9'11SKILLED
I CAL
18.0
18.9
23.0
6.6
18.0
15. 8
10.6
o.•
I.I
0. 3
0. 7
1.3
0. I
)0 . 4
37 .)
)5.9
35.4
•7 .5
17. 7
51.8
)3 . 8
J7.5
17.8
22.2
?7.0
J).5
52. 9
4J.2
occ11ootlo11 - · _,...~.
Digitized by
Google
Taolo 12-INDUSTRY Of WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 193' A~D OF GAINFUL WORKERS 1130• IN 79 CITIES
AKRON, OHIO
AI.BUQJERQJE,
N. WElt,
~
8CNTOII MAA90III, Ml Clt,
5ALTIW0AE, WO,
ATLANTA. G.A.
ANSOIII A, COIIUI,
INDUSTRY
REL IEf
CENSUS
RELIEF
CENSUS
RELIEF'
CU5US
IIELIEF
CIJISU5
RELIEF
CENSUS
ltELtlF
CENSUS
IIILIIF
CENSUS
10.565
100.0
llli.411
100.0
1.01)
W.019
100.0
863
7.816
100.0
24.6'0
130.154
100.0
51.926
100.0
362.108
100.0
981
100.0
100.0
6.632
100.0
1.210
100.0
5.719
W0.0
Agr icu I ture
2.3
0.5
12.0
1.9
2.1
0.8
3.2
I.I
0.•
8.8
1.9
2.0
0.8
Fishing and forestry
1.0
0.6
0.5
1.3
-
O.•
-
o.•
•
16.8
13.2
Total workers reporting:
,.,,,..,
Percent
E.ictract ion of •inerals
Manufecturln9 end 11111Chanical irdustries
&., i Id ing and construct ion
Clay, glass, and stone industries
Clothing industries
Food ard al I ied industr·ies
Shoe factorin
Other leather industries
li.dber and furniture industrin
Automr:IDi le factorie, and repair shop,
Blast furnec:es and steel. rol 1ing 11i I ls
Other iron, steel, raachinery, etc. industries'
Metal indy1tries !except iron and stNI)~
Paper. printing, and allied industries
Textile if"dustrin
Other •nuf«:turing induatrlnd
0
cci"
i'j"
""
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
BILOXI, MISS.
.
wo.o
.
1.7
0.,
3.9
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
'8.6
58.6
6.2
0.8
o.•
1.8
25.2
11.6
0.2
20.7
7.6
0.2
1.•
0.1
1.2
70.2
11.1
0.1
•.2
0.9
0.1
1.8
0.6
69.9
3.5
0.1
2.0
0.5
0.1
26. 7
11.,
0.1
1.•
1.8
0.1
0.1
1.3
1'.8
1.8
0.2
1.9
0.2
1.2
2.7
..
0.5
-
5.6
o.•
-
.
3.0
0.3
I. 2
0.1
20.8
0. 7
0.3
2. 7
0.3
1.2
0.1
43.6
1.1
0.1
2.8
Transpartat ion and C01111Unlcat Ion
Construct ion and •intenance of roads. etc.
St NIii ra i I roads
Telegraph and telepnone
Other transportation and ca...nication•
10.•
5.5
1.6
6.,
0.6
1.!
16.9
1.2
8.3
2.9
,.3
19.3
8. 7
6. 7
1.1
2.8
Tracie
11.2
0.2
o.•
10.5
0.1
15.7
0.9
1.5
12.9
o.,
9.9
0.)
~.7
S..nking and brCNl:erave
Insurance Ind real estate
lholeule and retail trade'
Other trlld••
100.0
o.•
o.•
-
-
0.1
0.1
2.1
-
8.0
1.6
.
1.0
0.5
•.o
0.2
1.2
0.1
2.9
e.•
.
0.3
..
0.5
28.3
6.2
o.•
1.5
2.3
0.2
0.1
1.•
0.1
27.0
5.9
2.•
1.6
11.8
0.7
3.6
12.0
,.6
1.3
9.2
0.8
I.I
6.0
7.5
5.0
2.0
4.6
3.8
1.2
0.7
0.5
22.5
1.5
3.2
lft.7
1.1
13.8
0.2
0.6
12. 7
0.)
20.2
1.6
2.2
15.8
0.6
9.1
o.,
o.•
8.2
0.1
3.2
0.2
0.5
o. 7
1.8
7.1
1.8
2.2
11.3
o. 7
,.6
z.o
7.6
0.1
0.2
7.2
0.1
10.5
15.2
1.,
2 .9
20.S
0.9
-
13.8
0.3
-
1.0
1.6
3.2
.•
11.8
2.5
2.8
0.6
5.9
6.1
3.•
0.5
o.,
2.5
o.•
0.7
0.1
•3.5
7.5
0.3
0.3
30.0
0. 7
0.1
0.5
27.2
0.5
9.6
6.6
---
0.1
... 7
6.2
0.5
0.3
1.8
2.2
1.2
19.6
o.,
3.3
0.,
6.,
1.8
0.6
2.1
0.3
2.2
2.3
6.9
1.,-
0.9
•3.2
8. 7
0.8
0.6
2.•
3.5
0.2
16.9
o.•
1.3
o.•
•.8
1.•
0.3
1.•
0.2
0.9
3.0
3.3
I.I
0.1
38.9
6.6
0.9
5.8
3.2
o.•
0.1
1.3
0.8
2.•
4.3
2.1
2.1
0.6
8.3
0.2
7.0
II. 7
23.7
0.8
8.0
12.0
-
o.•
.,.5
13.1
1.0
5.9
3.9
0.5
0.3
1.,
•. 6
2.7
1.5
0.9
5.1
-
0.1
0.2
2.2
.
0.3
12.8
0.8
o. 7
0.1
1.6
0.1
0.6
0.1
,.o
L•
8.1
1.,
1.0
0.7
5.1
18.0
5.3
11.0
--
o.,-
,.,
-
1.8
0.1
--
,.1
Public service
0.9
1.5
1.3
3.3
0.9
0.9
0.9
2.7
1.6
,.o
0.8
1.s
o.,
Profeasional service
2.9
6.0
3.2
13.3
1.6
5.•
2.,
7.2
2.)
7.2
1.5
7.2
1.,
6.5
20.8
0.2
5.9
1'.7
0.2
8.9
1.0
3.1
,.8
2.0
2, ..
15.5
2.1
5.•
8.0
1.,
9.2
~-1
2.5
Jt.5
0.2
3.6
20. 7
0.6
1'.0
1.1
2.7
10.2
21.5
0.2
12. 7
22.9
0.2
5.1
17.6
).8
21.0
•.3
«.2
o.•
,.1
39. 7
0.2
Dcantic and persONI Mrvice
Cleaning, dyeing, pressing shoos, and laundrin
Hotel,, re.laura.nu, and boarding ttou&ea
Other d0111tst ic and personal nrv ice
•ot siac:ified industries and services
••r ,.,_... '" ,. st,.
0.3
•• o
20.1
0.2
-
1.2
8.0
o. 2
,.,
--
•.9
17. 7
2.•
...
1.,
13.9
1.8
-
-
'· 7
--
2.6
C:
:,a
=
►
'2:
C
0
:a:,
111'11
Cl:I
l:11:1
Cll
0
'2:
:a:,
t:,;s
t:""
Cl:!
">a
hble 12-INDUSTRY OF IORNERS ON RELIEF MAY 19,- AND OF GAINFUL WORKERS 19)0° IN 79 CITIES-CoUlaud
IIAWltGH.W,. ALA.
aosra.. 1Mu.
9011\ING <.REl•• KY,
9RIDGO'ORT, CONN.
INOUSTRT
RELIEF
CENSJS
AEL IEF
CfNSUS
n,974
100,0
IIJ,2511
IJ0.0
... 112
100.0
)55,352
100,0
4!6
100.0
AQriculture
2.4
0. 7
0.4
0.4
25.9
2.9
Fiahing and forestr,
0.J
•
0.1
0.5
0.1
J.1
J.O
0.1
-
J.1
2.4
0.6
Jl.6
8.5
'3.0
5.4
0.9
0.6
1.9
JJ.9
7,5
0,3
J.I
2.9
1.9
0.4
I.I
21.1
1.J
I. I
0.4
I.I
21.2
6.9
1.2
0,4
1.6
0.1
0.1
48.2
20.6
0.2
2.5
4.1
2.8
J.3
1.8
1.5
1.1
64.4
19.0
0.2
5.6
1.5
0.2
0.1
0.8
I.I
•• 7
6.4
0.1
1.0
2.1
4,4
I.I
6.8
8.1
0. 2
1.2
0,6
5.5
I.J
0.4
J. 7
0,8
2.5
1.6
5.0
1.2
0.3
J.9
0.5
2.6
1.2
1.0
I.I
I.I
0.9
0.8
0.1
0.8
8.1
1.6
4,2
!.O
I.J
11.2
0. 7
6.1
13.6
J.9
2.0
1.0
6. 7
11.,
8.5
12.1
0.1
0,8
IJ,9
0.3
2J.2
1.2
2. 7
15.7
0.6
16.2
0.9
1'.5
o.,
22.0
I. 7
2.3
17.3
o. 1
f\tbl ic sen,ice
!.O
1.9
1,2
Professional sen,ice
3,2
7.0
J7. I
o. 7
,.o
)1.•
21.1
0.5
Tota1 ...-leers ,..port i ,.:
Extract io,1 of
,.._,
'-rcent
■ inerala
llltnufacturing and achenical i,11::h•trin
&,,ti lding and constrvction
Clay, glass, and stone industries
Clothing industrirs
Food anct allied in::tuStries
Shoe hctories
Ot"'8r leat~r inchl!ltries
L...-.r and fwrniture industries
AutOIIObi le factories and repair shops
Blut furraces ancl !lot eel ro1 l 1119 ,..j I ls
Oth&r iron, steel, ~c~inery. etc. industries'
Metal iftdustries lexcl?pl iron .!lnd stH?l)c
Paper, printing, ard allied industries
Tedi le industril?s
Other nanuhcturi"9 industr-ie-s 41
Transportation and cC11a.1niut ion
Construet ion !l~ 119intenance of roads, etc.
Stea,, rail roa:ts
Tel&gn1pt. "I.rid telephone
Other trartsportat ion and c0111111Unicst ion•
Tracie
0
cci"
i'j"
""
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
S...nlc i ng Md brollerage
IMur.,,,nce 1nd real estate
1
l'holeule and r•tail trade
Other tradelJ
OonH tic and per-sOM I service
Cleaning, dyeing. prnsing s1-ops, arrJ launclrin
Hoteh. resta,~rant5, and bo!irding houses
Otlier da,,estic and personal seN1ce
. ......... ,. ,.,.
Not specified il'ldustries ard services
,~ , ,
.o.,
0.4
1.5
1.0
R(Ll(F
CEMSUS
RRl[f
4. 908
100,0
5,176
100,0
cosus
aJFFALO,
IIELIEF'
Jill,
Y,
IUTT£, lil)NT,
IUALIMGTO., YT,
CENSUS
AELIP
CEIISUS
1111:ll(,
C(NSUS
8, 121!
100.0
18,624
100.0
0.6
64,07)
100.0
JI.IMO
100.0
2)9,2l)
100.0
I.I
o. 1
J.9
J.3
5.5
1.4
1.5
0.5
0.1
0.4
-
0.9
0.1
0,9
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.1
58.8
42.8
57.J
6.5
0.2
4.1
1.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
51.J
IJ. 7
o. 7
1.8
J.O
0.2
O.J
1.5
•J.J
6.6
0.8
1.6
3.4
o. 2
0.2
1.4
U,8
'3, 1
7.1
0.3
2.1
J.O
9.3
0.2
1.8
11.5
2.9
0.1
0.5
I. 7
2.6
0.1
0.2
1.5
I. 2
14.9
7.5
I. I
1.8
15.5
4.9
1.5
11,5
\.7
2.J
1,4
6.8
4,0
).:!
8.J
1.2
1.9
I. J
9.5
I. 7
1.5
0,4
I.I
12.J
2.9
0.4
J.I
1.3
J.I
!.6
7.6
7,4
I.I
6.•
2.6
0. 7
9.5
7.J
!.O
J.3
12.0
0.4
0,2
0.4
0.1
2,4
0. 7
0.2
I.I
0.4
1.0
0.1
2.6
II, 7
9.4
6. 7
15.4
-
o.,
0.6
1.2
).8
4.9
R.9
0.8
1,5
1.5
5.1
3.)
1.0
0.4
2.4
0,J
1.9
,.2
-
2.9
5.3
l,J
5.9
13.J
4.5
1.5
J. 7
6.6
6.1
J.6
1.6
IJ.O
0.6
6.J
7.1
I.I
J.6
I.J
5. 7
7.2
21.0
l0.9
l~.6
1.6
1.7
0.6
0.2
0.4
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J,I
IJ.B
0. 7
0.6
11.8
o. 7
24. t
-
16.9
I, 2
1.5
IJ.9
O.J
14.9
J.2
5.•
17.5
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1.3
1•.6
0.5
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J.4
2.3
1.3
2.2
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9.5
J.4
12.2
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6.4
15.0
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1,.,
1.3
5.8
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0.2
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6. 7
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1.5
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J, 7
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-
0.2
0. 7
6.8
8.1
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.
.
.
.
6.1
532
100.0
13.2
0.8
2.8
0.5
0.2
4, 7
-
10,085
100,0
2.6
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.
-
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ts,
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0
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0
-
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9.1
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0.1
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2.,
J.O
0.9
1.7
3.5
7.9
0.9
11. 7
2.7
1.2
7.6
0.8
2.14,6
17.4
O.J
J.9
8. 2
9.6
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4.1
I 1,5
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-
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5.6
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2.4
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'i
Table 12-INDUSTRY OF WORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 19)• UD OF GAINFUL IIORKERS 19)0' I• 71 CITIES-CoUl .. ed
CMAAL ES TOM,
S. C.
0
~,.......
(i)
-
o.,
0.)
0.1
0. 7
0.2
0. 2
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0. 7
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0.2
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0.1
1.0
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--
2.0
2.0
0.5
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0.1
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o. 7
0.9
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0.2
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7.1
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0.9
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0. 7
11.2
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0.8
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0.2
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6.,
0.2
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2'.2
5.)
0.1
0.1
1.5
'6.8
10.9
0.8
3.1
5.9
0.3
L - . r and furnitu,.. ind .. trin
2.0
1.,
1.0
1.0
2.5
AutOl90bi I• factories and r.pair ,hops
0.8
o.e
1.0
0.1
1.2
0.1
0.1
8.1
,.1
2.8
0. 1
2.1
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6.9
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0.9
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1.2
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0. 7
7. 7
7.J
2.9
2.5
0. 9
1.0
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2.6
11.8
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0.)
8.9
0.1
0.)
8.2
0.)
22. 6
1.6
2.8
16.9
I.)
81a,t furrecn and atNI rvlHng ,.. i lls
Other Iron , StNI. ,whi,.r7,etc. indultrieslt
Mltal lnduatriH (ltlleec,t i ron and stHI JC
Paper, printing, and allied industries
Textile industries
Other 111nufacturing lnclwtries•
Tr1nsportat Ion and COM'llnleat ion
CJ
I.I
F'ishing and for'nt,y
.
CT
o. 7
0. 9
Other le11ther irdiatri.,
'<
1.2
8.8
Food ard al 1 i~ induatrin
Shoe factories
~
0.2
o.e
Building and constn.c:t ion
Clo, glass, and atone inch•trin
Clothing industries
Conatrw:tion and 111lnte,.rce of roads. etc.
SteM ra i 1roads
Telegraph and telephone
Other tran1portat Ion aftd c..-....,icat ion•
Tr•
Bonklng Md ~ - , _
lnaunnce and real Ntat•
lholnale and mail , , _ ,
011-r ,,_,
11.•
0.1
.-
2.8
0. 2
0.7
). 7
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.
3. )
0.1
o. 7
I. 7
9.4
10.8
1.9
2.0
0.5
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) .9
U .5
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0.8
12.9
0.2
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8.9
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1.9
15. 7
-
o.,
0.8
1. 7
0.1
.
,,9
0.5
1.0
J.e
)7.2
.
I.)
100.0
Agr iewl twre
.
)91 . 1191
100.0
OETfil'.>lt, IIIICH,
Z.. 109
100.0
,.097
100.0
.
a:uus
58, 9611
100.0
co,011.
aNSu>
27. )1)
100.0
,._,cent
Ctll$US
20) .0)0
100.0
DlRIIY,
1,558. 9'9
100.0
7,565
100. 0
llanufecturing and 111tehenical l ndwatrin
;;;-
U4,'I))
RELIEF
Extrw;:t ion of 111inerala
co·
;c.
)8 . IC8
l:>0. 0
CL£YILAN0, OHIO
lltRIEF
IIIRIH
C[NSUS
Total c,rkers ~rting :
0
co~
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RELIEF
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Cl1$Cl•ATI, OHIO
CHICAGO, ill,
CHARLOTTE, • • C,
l•DUSHrT
o.,
o.,
9.5
11.e
o.,
,.2
10.8
2.9
).)
5.0
7.0
o.e
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5.6
15.2
0.7
0.8
1).2
0.5
Z,.l
2. 2
2.5
16.8
1.6
9.,
0.2
0.3
I .7
0.2
20. 1
1.6
2.1
16.2
0.8
I.I
0.1
.
2.9
9.1
1.3
1.6
1.C
5.9
.
•
0.1
5.6
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Cfl<SU,
100. 0
C,085
100.0
,2. 710
100.0
689, 566
llO. 0
I.)
1.•
0.1
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0.5
-
0.1
IIELI EF
)!II
7.9
CENSUS
.
C.5
6.0
0.1
8.2
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0.2
o. 7
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,.2
1.2
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0.2
).,
9.1
2.9
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1.0
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12.5
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s- . o
6. 1
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0.8
1. 8
.
0. 1
0. 5
JO. I
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1.5
0.1
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1.5
2. 1
13. 0
0.1
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o. 7
1.1
0.8
2.0
0. 7
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1.5
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0.)
0.9
1.2
2. 7
8.1
1.9
1.e
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8.5
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6.1
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7.5
2.8
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0.2
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211. 7
27.)
1.1
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22.1
•5.0
0.9
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22.e
2. 7
19.1
11.2
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6. 1
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10. 1
1.1
6.6
12.1
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1. 5
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o.,
6.6
22.)
IA.9
0.5
39.,
12.0
1.5
4.6
5.9
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11.5
5.c
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).8
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).8
2.g
0.2
u
. ,........ ,...,.
lot 1pecified lndustrlN aftd N,.,.ICft
-
2.8
,.8
1).8
o.,
2. 9
1. 5
6.,
0.)
--
2.5
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s:ii,
0
s:ii,
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0
7.9
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I. 7
1.8
o.,
•
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,.)
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5.5
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DoNatlc and peraol"IIII 1ef'W'lce
CINni"I, dytint, prestin,g ahopw,, rd laundrlea
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1'1:1
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1;11;1
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Tobie 12--INDUSUY OF WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 193• AND OF ~AI-FUL IORlERS 1130• IN 19 CITIES-Co•ll•ud
DOU&LAS 0 Mil,.
QJll,ITM 0
u ,.,so, ru.
11111 . . .
PIO, Cl(LA.
IYUSYII.Ll, IND.
,1•0la1' 1 Ql,UO
(YlA(TT, WASH.
IIIOU$TWT
,._,
Total aor""ra r•pc:rt int:
P.rcent
il'ldu1tr1 ■a
Sha. fM:tories
Other leather indU'Strin
L&.teer and furniture industries
Autoaob• le factories and repair shoDI
Blast f11rn.acn ano 5tMI rol I ing 1111 l ls
Otri.er iron, steel, nacninery,etc. i~ustrinMetal ,ngustries (e.:c.ept iron and stNl)c
Peiper, pt"intir19, And .1llied irlOustrin
Textile if\lustries
Other ...,nuracturing indY1tr-i••
Tr.,..oortat ion and c~nicat ion
Con1truct1on and •intenance of roacts. etc.
Stea,,. r-a11 roeds
Tele,grapfl Af\l tele-phc:Nw
Otrier transportation and c01111Unicat ,on•
r,...
""
i'j"
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
CUIVS
IIILIP
CIN$US
•1L11,
CIIISUI
A(Ll[f,
CIHUS
ltlll('
1.280
100.0
3. 78Z
100.0
5.099
100.0
H.ffl
100.0
•.329
100.0
•0.S.9
100.0
1.1'9
100.0
10.385
100.0
5.925
100.0
0.1,5
100.0
1. 712
100.0
1.6
18.S
1.S
2.8
I.J
0.8
•
o.,
,..
8111 Id 1119 and construct ion
Clay, ilus. and stone indwatrin
Clothing ir"d1,1stries
Food and al I ied irwJustrin
0
AILIIJ
0.2
btrlCt ,on of •inerals
cci"
CDWS
s.•
Aericuhure
F •shing ind fornt"Y
llilnufecturing and .c:hanic.al
IIELIIF
39. 7
6.1
o.c
0.l
1.3
-
2.S
1.0
S.5
2.•
2.1
0.2
5.1
1.0
0.8
1.8
0.1
2. 7
1.1
J.I
)C.9
38.S
27.8
6.7
0.9
1.7
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0.1
0.2
29.9
~.2
11.8
1.1
1.5
2.1
0.1
27.1
5.5
1.0
I.I
2.5
27.8
0.9
0.6
13.8
0.5
0.9
3.8
7.1
0.J
0. 7
-
..
1.•
-
o.•
0.2
2.1
1.2
0.1
1.c
2,.8
0.5
0.1
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0.1
0.1
9.2
18.1
0.7
IU
2.6
c.8
0.6
3.6
11.6
0.1
.
I.I
0.2
11.6
0.9
1.6
2.6
.. ..
0.3
o. 7
I.I
1.0
0.2
2.J
2.6
'8. 7
,e.s
SJ.I
,o.9
6.1
1.6
1.2
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10.0
0.2
0.1
'1.7
8.2
2. 7
,.,
•. 7
0.2
o.s
I.I
2.•
5.9
2.2
2. 7
1.c
o.•
7.2
I. 7
2.5
2.9
0.1
o.s
12.0
0.1
0. I
22.6
22.1
l.J
0.8
1.0
0.1
1.8
0.2
I.J
0.1
7.1
2.1
0.2
L3
0.5
o.c
1. 3
9.0
5.3
0.5
7.1
0.5
1.2
0.6
10. 7
I.I
1.0
1.8
0.1
J. 7
0.1
J. 7
•.1
0.1
10.s
0.1
0.2
20.1
1.3
0.3
6.5
0.2
1.2
0.1
18.2
9.5
1.6
C.l
0.6
).2
9.9
o.c
5.0
10.6
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c.e
1.3
I.I
1.7
•. 5
...,
.
I.J
l.J
0.1
•.9
1.2
I.J
0.5
c.J
~o
J.2
0.1
1.0
0.1
0.6
0.1
5.5
IL0
0.8
6.2
0.6
J.C
19.l
ta.9
o. 7
7.0
13.8
13.6
3.5
9.2
1'.5
J.0
7.0
0. 7
J.8
-
~7
1.0
3. 7
19.3
Z!.8
1.5
1.9
18.5
1.7
17.0
0.J
l.J
!S.l
0.J
23.3
1.c
1.9
19.C
0.6
11.1
0.1
o.c
10.2
o.c
28.2
2.0
22.1
1.7
8.l
0.1
0.3
7. 7
0.2
-
0.5
7.6
5.c
.
6. 7
0.9
6.0
J.2
0. J
1.5
0.5
J. 5
•.o
6.J
l.C
7.6
I.I
I.I
1.5
6.3
s.o
0.J
I.I
I.I
J.0
2. 7
7.~
100.0
2.,
0.8
.
100.0
827
100.0
S.5
1.6
-
CDIVS
o.•n
5.6
0.7
2.6
1.0
0. 7
o.•
.
Cl•WS
tllll(J
12.,
1.1
5. 7
-
6.1
.
0.1
LO
I.I
I.I
I.I
J.J
..
..,
17.8
J.I
5.1
0.9
8. 7
12.9
o.s
18.J
I.I
1.7
IS.0
0.5
10.2
11.,
o.c
9.5
0.3
-
1.0
1.8
16.0
0.6
-
-
B.0
,..
-
-
1.6
1.2
J.0
..
-
-
Aloi ic .,.,..,,c•
0.9
2.6
I.I
3.1
2.C
J.O
1.0
1.9
0.7
1.9
1.2
2.2
0.8
2.0
Professional service
2 ••
LS
2.S
9.1
J.6
B.C
3.1
11.1
1.8
6.7
2.C
7.6
J.I
8.2
Downt 1c and persON1 I ser" ,ce
20.5
13. 7
1'.0
11.7
25.C
17.5
9.8
I.I
c.o
6.6
c.1
0.3
5.1
20.0
1.8
1.8
I.•
3.0
6.l
3.1
0.1
3.2
6.5
2,6
9.9
I.I
3.6
S.2
2.,
13.1
o.c
3.S
9.2
o.c
10.1
0.3
5.C
8.3
1.5
22.8
0.1
5.0
17. 7
0.9
10. 7
0.1
c.1
16.3
3.8
17.1
0.1
C.5
12.5
2.2
11.9
Clnning, d;eing, pressing shops, and laundriH
Hotels, r~taurants, and !)oerd,ng hou~s
Other dCJaat ,c arvi personal ser..,ic•
Not soeclfied 1r'llustries and ser..,,cea
Bank I nq and brOMrage
IR$urance and r•al estate
-.oleos.a.le an.J retai I tr.ae'
Other tra.iel
••r '"'..••• •• •· ,.,,
11.5
1.8
C.6
11.1
).8
2.C
1.6
'·'
5.!I
•.8
8.C
o.,
~
;I
:z:
t:I
Ill<
(")
,.1
17.2
0.l
0.9
15.S
0.5
9.2
0.1
0.3
>
21.5
-
-
3.8
'°
\.JI
Tab lo 12-INOUSTRY OF WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 19)' ANO OF GAi NFUL WORKERS 19)0• IN 79 CI Tl ES--CoU Uud
_,
FORT WATII(,
11110.
liASIONIA, •. ~.
GL0VER5~1LLE, N. Y,
Ml8b1JtG, WIIIN,
HOUSTON, TU.
~
I NOi HAPOL IS,
1•MTRT
0
~,.......
rv
U , 868
100. 0
137 •• 29
100. 0
10,783
100.0
16' , '44
2 ,~92
100.0
100.0
22 ,0 70
100.0
0.5
6.2
1. e
0.1
0.2
•!>6
7,)72
100. 0
66)
100.0
100. 0
12,509
100. 0
Ag,ricultu,..
•-2
0.5
11.6
0.8
2. 1
0.5
Fllhing and fo,_try
o.,
0.2
•
•
O.•
of 11i,.r■ h
facti>ries
Tr-anspor-tat Ion and Cc,,ll\lnicat iOf'I
CJ
5, 799
100.0
•9. 915'
100.0
.\utCMl>bi te factories and reo,atr shops
81 11st furnaces and stNI roll ing f!lill:,
Other iron, steel, mec hi nery. etc. industries'
Metal industries {e•c•Pt iron and steeJ)C
Paper. print ing, end allied in:,ustries
T•xt i le industr-ies
Otha-r llllllnufecturing i hdustriesd
CT
531
100.0
5,llll
100.0
Other leather industri1ts
l_.,,.r M"d furniturt i"'Ctustrln
'<
CEWSUS
11£LIEF
~
N.
""
A[ll(F
CUtSUS
Buildirag and constn,,ct Ion
Clay , glass, and atone industr-in
Clothing indu1triu
Food end al I ied induatries
~
cusus
RELIEF
Manufacturing 111d aechlnical industries
0
ltELIEF
CllrSUS
btract ion
co·
CIUSUS
lt[Ll[F
Construction and •ititenanc:e of roads. etc.
Steam rs 11 roads
Telegreph end telephone
Other transp,ortetion and c°"""'"ication•
r..-
0.)
.
-
0.2
...-
so.•
so.•
12 . 9
5.9
0. 2
1.5
2. •
0.2
o. 7
0. I
0.8
0. 2
0.9
).)
0. 7
2. 9
8.9
0.)
1.8
0. 6
0.2
o.•
1.8
2.5
•
-
0.9
2. )
0.9
9.5
2.6
1.6
1.9
1). 1
.
).6
18.7
58.8
-
-
49. C
...
1.5
52.1
• .6
o. 7
2.0
1.0
o.•
•
0.6
)).5
29 . S
1.8
1.6
0.)
0.2
0.5
0.5
18.5
11.9
10.0
• .2
)I. 7
10.s
,o.6
11.)
)9.6
o.•
--
0.1
2.1
1.,
0. 1
)l.l
7.5
0,6
1.0
2.1
26.5
10.)
0.4
1.5
I. 5
0.1
25.0
7.1
o. 7
1.1
1. 8
I.)
0. 2
0.5
0. 6
0.1
2. 0
.
0 ,6
I. I
0 .6
0. 2
2. 1
0.2
0. 6
)9 . 8
2.1
0.6
0. )
0.9
o.s
0.6
).0
2. 7
0.7
).2
).9
o.,
7.5
2.6
0.9
0. 1
).9
•-6
O.)
I.I
0.6
2.6
17.S
7. 7
6.6
o.,
2.8
10 . 0
o. •
1).6
6.8
1). 6
-
-
0. 2
..
•.I
-
• .8
0.9
1).0
0.2
I.I
20 .)
5.9
15. 2
0.2
--
1.0
•.1
0.6
0. 9
•
0.2
...
2.0
1.5
1.7
2.1
66.8
,.9
0.2
•0.2
0.9
0.1
11.)
0.6
O.)
1. 2
1.0
1. 6
2.5
.
l< .9
-
.
-
..
,
72. 7
11.2
0.1
)5.9
1.7
10.6
0.5
5. )
12.2
0.1
•
JACK~, WISS..
Rf.LIEF
CE"5US
Total wor._r, r9port 1,. :,.,cent
I NO,
C£J1$U'5
AUtH·
0.5
0.8
-
2.8
1.2
a.•
-
..
2.0
1.1
o.s
1.2
0.8
).0
0.2
0. 7
1.6
1.7
0. )
5. 1
0. 3
..
-
e.s
...
0. 6
9.•
11.)
).1
). 7
0.8
) .7
IJ.6
o. e
5.6
22 .)
6.•
0.2
--
12 . 6
0. 5
0.7
11.2
0. 2
1.7
2. 5
17.1
1.0
...
1. 0
•.2
7. 2
...
.
1.5
5.1
6.5
o. 7
1.9
,.1
0.2
2.9
0.1
1.6
•.2
0.9
5.6
0.6
1.5
0.8
• .6
-
10.•
1. 7
).•
0. 7
•• 6
-
.
.•
).8
)
o.s
6.6
0.6
2.5
2.1
8.•
I.I
0.1
0. 6
O. t
0.5
0.1
6.•
1.5
0.1
0.9
0.1
1.1
0.1
7. 1
10. 7
0.5
•• 6
9.6
2.2
•• 7
10.)
0.e
•.O
-
I.)
...5.1
5.6
1.•
22.)
2).J
1. 5
J.I
16.6
l.l
10.6
0.2
0. 7
9. 5
0.2
..
).,
0. )
1.•
2.8
15. 6
0.5
5. 5
0. 2
-
6.5
0. 2
0. 2
6.0
0.1
P\,bl ic sa~ice
0. 8
1.6
0. 7
1.6
0.8
1.2
2.)
10. 7
0.6
1.9
0. 7
2.J
0.2
,rofessional se~ice
2.,
7.2
1.1
6.1
1.•
5.6
2.•
11.S
2.0
7. 1
2.8
8.6
)
IS. I
0.2
5.•
9.5
8.2
1.0
2. 9
•-J
17.l
16. 0
7.1
6. 7
10.e
-
-
-
-
1' .)
0.2
5. 1
9. 0
-
)<.)
o. ,
5.6
2R. )
18.8
2.0
S. J
1).1
1.6
•.o
7.5
'1.5
o.,
7.1
)< . 0
n .•
U . :)
29.2
0.5
7.1
21.6
1.2
1.2
-
1.0
0. 9
2. 2
0. 9
2. 9
1.1
2. 7
1.,
z.7
Bank ing and brOherage
lf'lsurance and real estate
'lholHale and reU i I trecte'
Other tradef
Dowest ic and 09fsonal se~ice
Clraning, dyeing, prHs ing st.ops, 4nd laundries
Hotel,, restaurants , and boarding houses
Ot"er donltst ic Ind oer10nel urvice
lilot specifild induslr iH IM ter'Y iCH
ror , .. l ... 111
... p , It) .
11.C
1.5
15. 6
-). 1
1.7
s.•
...
12.J
0.2
0.6
11.2
.
0. 3
1.6
J .O
18.1
0.6
9.6
2.J
5.2
15. 9
c::
i;:.::,
t:J:j
>
:z:
C
0
~
=-<
t,r;J
~
C/l
0
:z
~
tz;:I
I:""'
c,,;i
~
Table 12-IIICOUSYRY OF WORICERS ON RELIH UAY 19)4 ANO OF GAINfUL WORt<ERS lYJo• IN 19 CITl[S-Collllll ■ ed
JOPLtlll •
..:>.
-.ANSA5 Cl TT, tilO.
KLAWATM FALLS, OR(G.
KE'tOSHA, WIS.
LM(l...,.O, f'LA.
LM[ CHARUS, LA.
LE.IIIIGTOII, ICT.
IIIDV$TIIY
flillEF
.......,
13. 217
100.0
Av,.iculture
S.6
1.•
Fishing 111d forestry
0.6
i:i.rcent
i'j"
""
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
CENSUS
CENSUS
fl(lllF
C(IISUS
ClllSUS
llt(ll(J
CINSUS
A£Ll(F
CllSUS
15,U9
100.0
19'. 74S
100.0
3.9'0
100.0
20.1'1
100.0
SOli
100.0
7.97•
100.0
1.210
100.0
1.us
100.0
1.818
100.0
7.260
100.0
2.•82
100.0
20.389
100.0
1.9
0.6
2.7
o.s
7.9
1.3
1•.0
1.8
19.6
6.S
11.8
•.o
1.7
0.3
1).2
•-1
o.•
o.•
0.3
1.0
1.1
0.2
0.7
1.1
1.1
0.9
1.0
o.s
•2.0
10 .•
O.J
O.J
1.2
27.•
6.0
l.J
21.s
S.l
o.s
17.2
S.l
0.1
o.•
2.6
JO.•
13.2
0.3
O.J
1.•
19.9
•. s
23.8
8.9
0.2
O.J
6.8
10.J
2.6
2.1
0.6
0.2
o. 1
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.2
0. l
0.8
o.s
.
13.2
7.0
1.1
o.•
0.8
0.1
0.•
lillnufacturing and 111Khanical indust,.ies
27.0
29.•
6.S
0.6
2.2
•.1
87.l
o.•
1.8
o.8
60.2
S.6
0.3
2.1
1.0
)0.7
13. 7
o.s
1.9
•. 8
1.8
0.1
0.9
0. 8
12.0
0.1
1•.2
2J. l
0.2
6.•
0.1
•. 9
2. 7
lS.6
o.s
•.o
8.8
o.s
7. 7
J.8
s.•
•. 6
1.•
1.1
0.5
2.•
o.•
8.S
o.s
1.9
2.1
0.1
o.s
0.8
28.3
6.•
0.3
1.•
J.l
0.1
0. 7
0.6
,S.9
Budding a~ construction
Clar. glau. arw:i stone i,-,ustries
Clothi1"19 industries
Food .1na a 11 led inch.astr 1es
Sl'ioe factories
Ott~r leather industries
L~r and furniture iMustr1es
"-itClftOOi le factories and ,.ep,air shoCIIS
Blut furn.aces and steel rol I ,ng •ills
Other iron, st~I. i,echinery. etc. industri.s'
Metal indu$tr•c-s (e.:cetit iron and steel le
Pa~r. printing, and allied industries
Te11.tile inctu,tr-ies
Other- •nufactur ing industries"
2.1
0.1
1.7
3.2
0.3
0.2
5.0
1.6
0.2
2. 7
J.O
l.J
0.1
6.8
2.3
0.7
2.3
0.6
2.1
0.5
•.6
2.S
0.8
2.•
o.•
2.3
0.2
8.8
1.9
2.2
0.6
•.1
9.S
0.8
).2
-
U.2
1.9
J.9
1.0
12.J
0.6
s.o
10.3
0.2
0.3
9.6
0.2
2J.6
1.3
2.1
19. 7
o.s
1'.8
o.•
0.8
1).1
o.s
27.J
2.2
J.S
20.l
1.5
8.8
0.1
0.6
8.1
Puc.lie service
l.J
1.5
1.0
z.•
1.•
Professi0n1I sen,•ice
2.s
8.)
).1
8. 7
22.5
0.)
6.S
15. 7
1).5
1.9
5.0
6.6
29.J
0.6
,..
8. 2
6.9
,,_
cci"
.
ltf:Ll(F
11£Ll(F
Extraction of •ir-.erals
Transportat ,on and C(Jllllunication
Constn,ct,on and •intenance of roads, etc.
SteMI ra i I r-oads
Tele-graph 11nd tel@phone
Other tran.sportat,on and c~nication•
0
CE>SU>
2.196
100.0
Total -.o,.ke,.s ,.eport 11,9;
R(ll(F
Ban.Ii. ing atw:I oroker119e
lnsun1nc.e aro real estate
..,ole$ale and retai I tr.oe'
Otr-.er traoe9
Dotestic iiu·d personal ser..,ice
Cleaning, dyeing. pressing shops, and laundries
Hotels, rest&Jnsnts, and boarcJing houses
Other d01estic and personal serw1ce
Not si:ecified industries and se,...,icea
,., ,..1.0,., - •· ,.,.
s.s
9.•
.. . . .
...
11.7
o.•
0.2
1.2
13.2
1.2
20.0
•. 2
-
2.2
1.0
0.2
1.2
0.1
0.1
o.8
6 .•
lS.8
5.J
6.9
0.8
2.8
12. 7
1.0
6.6
0.9
•.2
10.S
2.1
J.9
6.7
o.,
0.2
6.1
17.2
0.2
-
9.5
O.J
0.6
8.•
0.2
2.0
1.2
1.7
2.2
6.•
2.2
1.0
s.s
0.2
2.0
11.2
6.3
e.J
0.8
2.0
3.S
1,.0
o.,
21.J
lS. 7
2.1
6.0
7.6
•.9
8. 7
-
1.2
J.2
1.•
2.0
7.9
2.•
...
~-•
-
6. 7
-
1.2
-
J.O
1).6
0.8
1.2
u.,
0.2
o.,
-
-
0.3
0.1
J.3
o.,
,.1
.-
o.•
.
.
-
.
8.•
0.2
0.6
l. 7
. ..
.
.
.-
o.s
S.J
0.J
0. J
2.8
2.7
0.1
0.9
0.1
J.3
0.9
0.1
o.s
0.1
O.J
0.2
12.2
12.5
1.7
3.5
1.5
5.8
9.8
2.0
S.J
o.s
2.0
1).0
l.J
8.1
0. 7
2.9
8.8
).9
2.)
o. 1
1.9
10.l
0.6
J.J
23. l
9.J
22.,
-
8.•
0.2
o. 2
7.2
0.8
22.S
-
-
1.1
0.1
0.9
-
1.2
o. 7
0.8
0.1
1.0
0.1
s.8
'"Cl
'"Cl
c;:,;i
:z:
t:J
><
0
-
6.2
u
-
O.J
8.9
0.1
1.,
l. 7
0.1
2.6
0.6
2.S
2.6
8.•
).1
10.1
J.O
H.J
29.0
O.J
J. I
2S.6
26.0
29.0
0.)
,.s
2•.2
21.1
-
-
32.J
0.1
,.o
22.S
2.1
6.0
28.2
14 ••
,.s
J.6
2.6
S.I
).5
). 7
-
>-
2. l
18 .•
0.6
'-0
-.i
~
Table 12-INOUSTRY OF WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 AND OF GAINFUL WORKERS 1930• IN 79 CITIES-Cou1 ...i
LITTLE ROCK. ARK.
LOS AMGELES, CALIF,
YANCMHTER, II. H,
l'f'llfll. MASS.
INDUSTIIT
Total workers .-e,port 1ng:
A,;dculture
-·
Percent
Fishing and forestry
Utraction of 111inerala
llllnufacturing and ...:hanical industries
&,ilding and construction
Clay, glass, and !tone- industries
Clothing industr-ies
Food and al I ied industries
Shoe factories
Other leather indultl"fl!'S
Luniber and furniture in0Jstrie1
Autoriobile fo1ctorie, and repair shops
Blast furnace'! and steel rolling r11ills
Other iron, steel, iMchinery,etc. indusvies'
llll!tel industries (eircept iron and steel Jc
Paper, printing, end allied industriH
TMti1e industr-lH
Other manufacturing industrlnd
Tr.,nsportation and C(lll'IIIUnicatlon
0
cci"
""
i'j"
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
Construction and M1intenanc:e of roads. etc.
Ste1111 rai I roads
Telegraph and telephn,..
Other transportation and corwaunication•
r,_
Banki"9 Md brokerage
Insurance and real estate
lhol4tlale and reu,il tracte'
Other tradel
IULIEF
2,732
100.0
)1,,50
100.0
807
100.0
5.~1
100.0
25, 7SII
100.0
'6,22S
100.0
0,9
0.6
1.3
0.8
3.0
1.,
0.3
0.6
0.1
1.1
0.2
s.o
1.3
1. 7
0.9
0.1
0.3
0.1
2.,
)I.S
1'.0
o. 7
2.2
3,0
0.1
0.1
1.3
17.3
7.0
0. 7
2.3
2.5
0,1
0.1
1.,
63.•
12.,
0.1
1.0
1.0
2•.6
2.3
1.0
58.7
5.5
0.2
1.0
1.6
19.,
3.2
0. 7
68.B
8.2
0.1
60.9
•.3
0.1
0.6
1.3
0.5
1.0
2.0
0.3
3.3
0.5
1.5
0.5
5.0
1.6
o.,
2.8
0.5
1.8
0.3
5.8
0.9
0. 7
0.1
3.2
0.3
1.J
0.5
2l.0
1.0
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.6
27.B
5.2
o.,
0.1
1.1
0.1
1.2
22.9
6.9
5.9
1.,
o.s
1.2
2. 7
S.5
0.3
0.9
,.5
1.1
0.7
o.,
5.2
o.,
1.0
11.7
o.,
0.5
CENSUS
RELIEF
S,093
100.0
36.509
580,786
100.0
73. 210
100.0
100.0
•.190
,.s
1.6
3,5
2,3
0.2
0.1
0,6
0.2
21.9
S.5
0,3
0.9
2.1
0.1
1,.9
o.,
1.2
2.1
0.2
0.1
,.1
0.5
0.1
1.8
0.1
0.6
0,3
,.o
•
2.5
1.,
0.1
2.8
0.1
1.,
0.3
,.,
11.5
2.1
5. 7
1.1
2.6
12.B
1.0
6.,
5.,
12.5
2.9
3,0
1.,
5.2
1:,.1
o.,
26.1
2.5
3-6
19.1
0.9
17.5
1.1
2.0
1).9
0.5
0.1
11.9
0.2
9.3
0.1
1.9
6.7
2&.9
2.1
,.5
18.8
0.9
.
2.0
0.3
1.3
0.8
15. 7
.
10.8
.
o.,
1.3
20. 7
o. 7
1. 7
ai.,
ClllSUS
IIEL.IEF
ClllSUS
100.0
25','78
100.0
18, s,3
100.0
211.~2
100.0
1.9
o.,
,. 7
0.9
1.,
•
0.1
0.1
o.s
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
)3.0
10.0
o.,
0.2
1.0
32.6
se.,
,o.9
6.9
5.,
Sl.2
7.S
0.6
2.0
3.,
2. 7
1.1
1.6
13, 1
o.,
2.3
,.2
0.1
0.3
3.6
32.3
6.5
o.,
2.0
,.1
0.1
0.2
1.9
1.,
1.9
7.6
o.,
3.0
9.0
0.1
1.3
0.9
2.7
3,9
1.7
11.6
1.2
2. 7
2.,
8.8
2.2
0.2
5.6
0.6
2.5
1.2
,.5
1.6
0.5
,.5
0.5
2.6
1.2
6.2
9.1
12.3
o.8
5.2
!:It!
5.8
15.0
2.8
5.6
1.6
5.0
6.)
1-1
lll.4
1.2
2.3
15.0
0.9
19.3
o.,
1.3
17.1
0,6
31.8
2.,
c,;i
-
1.1
-
2.5
,.1
0.1
3,9
1.1
..
111:LIE'
15.6
0.6
1.9
3.8
2.5
I.S
2.2
,.e
1.6
1'.8
1.3
1.6
1.5
5. 7
2.,
3,8
2,.8
3.8
12.)
1.5
7.2
16.1
1.1
1.,
13.3
0.3
8.8
1,.1
1:,.,
15. 7
0.1
8.6
0.1
0.7
1.9
11.3
0.2
0.6
o.,
12.3
0.1
--
0.2
0.6
9.5
o.,
,.)-
-
MINNE-"OLIS, WIN,
..ILWAUKH. WII,
ClllS<IS
REL1£1
~-·
cu,us
ltELl[F
C£NS<JS
0.6
IUJl"'1£TTE, WI CH.
CENSUS
RELIEF
19.1
0.3
12. 7
1.6
,.s
2.3
1.,
5.1
10.1
-
12.2
).,
0.1
2.6
-
-
2.1
20.2
1.5
Publ le service
1.6
,.o
1.,
:,.o
o.8
2.,
1.8
1.,
0.9
2.5
1.0
2.5
3.1
10.8
8.,
1).6
,.,
2.2
Prnfn11ona1 service
6.1
2.0
6.,
2.5
8.9
2.5
6.6
2.9
9.9
32.6
o. 7
5.1
26.8
21.1
1,9
,.5
1'.7
18.9
1'.5
1.7
5.7
7.1
12.1
0.2
3.9
8.0
9.,
1.,
2.9
5.1
11.5
0.1
2.2
9.2
-
10.6
o.,
3.3
6.9
8.,
1.0
2.9
,.5
15.3
0.2
5.6
9.5
12.6
1,0
,.1
7.3
7.7
o.8
2.,
,.5
10.0
0.5
7.1
11.3
1.5
2.,
1.0
1.9
1.0
1.3
1.0
2.2
2.6
:,.1
0.2
2.3
1.1
2.5
Cbantic and personal Hrvictt
Cl•nln9, d)'eing, pressinq 1hop1, Ind laundrin
Hotel~, rntA1.1r■nt1, and bo1t'ding hou1n
Other <Xll'lle"&l ic and per'SQft■ I prvice
Not 't)«ifl~ intlustries and servicn
fer feolNIH IN ,. le,,
1.0
11.,
-
,.,
6.9
c::
!:It!
=
>
:z:
-=
'"'!:It!
0
!:It!
l;,Q
Cll
0
:z:
c,;i
t"f
"Iii
Table 12-INDUSTRY OF' WORHRS ON RELIEF' WAY 19)il AND OF' GAINFUL WORKERS 11,0• IN 79 CITICS-Co111&11 ■ ed
IIIIIIOT 0
N.
•l• CIALEIJrtS,
O.UC..
LA.
ll[W YO'-',
II.
..:)A:J:Ol,t 0
"•
OML.UD, CAl IF.
VA..
OStMOSN,
••s.
i,AT[li$Qof 0
11.
J,
l ■ OUSHY
Total aorws
r■ pc,rting:
......,
Pwrcent
AgricwltYr■
0
-
~
( i)
100.0
6,W
100.0
20,531
100.0
20<.•n
100.0
372,!130
100.0
3,187,616
100.0
12.1
2.1
1.7
0.8
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.3
1e,,
.
.
0.2
0.3
20.•
11.7
0.3
,.2
19.2
7.5
0.1
0.5
2.9
32.0
13.2
0.5
1.,
).3
26.3
5.1
0.J
1.•
3.4
0.6
0.2
2.2
1.3
o.•
i.,
1.3
t.•
0.1
2.1
0.1
0.9
0.1
3.2
2.5
0.2
1.0
1.•
0.J
2.4
0.6
1.,
1.l
6.6
11.0
0.1
7.5
19.1
l.Z
U.8
1.2
4.7
16.8
2.8
3,8
0.6
1.6
16.9
I.I
4.1
15.1
a.2
13,5
0,3
0.6
Tr-
0
CIN>us
3.6
Constr1K.l •Oft and iaint ■narc• of re.ts, etc.
Stem nr1ilroads
felegraph 4rcl telephone
Oth■ r tr&nsPOl"t&tion and c~ica.tion•
~
~
lltl'Ll[J
U'tl"Ktion of •inerala
Transportation and c.-..niution
i'j"
""
Cl■ SUS
0.•
AutcncJOile hctories and repair sho~
llut furnaces and atHI rolling iaills
Other iron, slNI, •ch,,.ry1 etc. indwstr1H 11
llleal ind11stries lt.'ltC~Pl iron anti steel)c
'-io,er, printi"9, .and allied industries
Tutile indwstrin
Othar aanufactur1ng industr ies111
0
"ILl(F
Fishine and for•tr,
lanufactwring and -.chlnical inctutlrin
lk,1 ldi"9 and construct ion
Clar, glut, and stone ind111trin
Clotl<ling 1nclustri•s
food and al I ,ed indwstrin
Shoe factor iH
Ottier leather ir'dustries
L#loer and furn,twre 1ndustrin
cci"
C£NSUS
llf.Lla,
-
0.1
0.3
1.0
0.6
0.1
2.1
l!I.I
4.1
..
..
.
4 ••
0.1
..
11. 7
.,..
0.2
..
iltiLII'
CE•SUS
"I Liff
C(NSUS
"ILIIF
tl■ SIS
"ILIU'
Cl•SUS
5,856
100.0
60.310
100.0
7.70t
100.0
126.l~
100.0
2,'15
100.0
16,22•
100.0
),!Ill
100.0
61,861
100.0
5.5
I.I
2.6
1.2
,.a
1.0
0.1
0.)
0.3
o.z
0.1
1.,
0.2
0,8
0.1
.
35.3
7.5
0.4
7.0
2.0
0.6
a.1
0.8
2.•
23.6
•.6
0.4
1.0
2.0
0.1
o.,
1.5
1.0
Z.5
1.2
0.9
0.1
2.9
1.0
2.6
1.6
6.5
0.9
0.2
2.1
0.7
3.0
l. 7
7.8
1.2
2.8
0.2
3,3
0.3
0,9
0.9
6,0
10.Z
1.2
10.9
0.6
1.,
20.2
o.•
a.•
2.1
0.9
o.~
7.0
o.,
.
.
-
2 .•
o.•
0.6
1.6
5.5
..
10.6
1.1
1.2
0.3
8.0
16.5
0.5
•.3
11.7
1.0
7,1
8.9
11.,
24.2
1.2
1.5
14.2
0.5
J.4
3.1
16.8
0.1
11.8
0.1
0.2
10.5
1.0
19.2
1.2
1.8
15.6
0.6
.
.
1.0
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
41.4
33.•
7.6
0.5
1.0
3.•
57.t
10.1
50.2
0.1
3.0
1.7
0.1
2.0
19,3
59.3
12.2
0.2
3.6
I.•
0.1
0. l
0.6
56.•
6,0
0.2
2.6
1.2
1.0
0. 1
•.5
o. 1
1'.5
1.4
-
7 .•
0.1
0.1
2.2
2.•
0.1
5.3
I.I
1.•
1.0
4,4
t•.•
2.2
4.•
1.•
.
0.1
1.,
J.0
0.4
5.•
0.7
2.0
0.5
1.,
11.3
0.6
5.2
-
1,4
7.5
.0
24.6
,.7
1.4
13.5
o.•
1.3
0.1
2.•
,0.8
2.4
-
3. 7
0.1
0.9
2.1
Z.9
6.7
o.•
2.3
0.1
5.•
0.5
1.2
2.5
5.0
7.9
3,0
1.2
0.6
3.1
•.5
10.6
0.2
0.2
10.1
6.5
0.5
1.5
o.,
0.8
ll.l
2.6
.
0.1
0,6
0.3
3.9
0.2
1.2
~-6
l.8
9.•
3.8
1.5
0.3
3.8
4 .I
20.2
1.3
1.8
16.7
11.0
0.1
O.l
10.5
0.1
16.6
1.,
1.4
ll.5
0,4
-
1.2
o.•
l'uitl le service
1.4
2.1
I.I
J.9
0.7
2.J
o.,
11.Z
I.I
2.,
1.0
o.•
z.o
0. 7
2.2
Profess iora 1 service
3,8
12.1
2.3
7.1
•.8
8.8
1,8
7.2
6.0
9.1
1.6
7.8
1.7
6.1
18.2
1).5
J0.2
o. 7
15.5
0.3
3.4
11.8
14.1
1,3
21;,4
18.1
1.8
3.8
1).3
..,
18.J
1.6
3.6
IJ.l
15.1
0.5
•. 6
10.0
11.0
1.8
3. 7
5.5
15.1
0.5
3.l
8.Z
0.7
0.6
4.1
39.0
U.l
8.9
I.I
2.2
5.6
1,.1
0.1
2. 7
11.3
7.9
1.1
2 .0
4,6
2.2
3,0
0.5
4,2
0.9
2.7
1.6
•.6
0. 7
l.l
1.6
2.9
DoMHt ic and persOll\lf service
Cleaning, dyeing, !)fessing shooe, ard laundries
Hotels, restawrants, and board i"tll hOUMs
Other do1111est ic an; per-son.a I serv ,ce
Not apa::ified industries and aervices
hr , .. , . , ..
Ne •·
1e,,
0.5
ll,3
1.0
o.,
7.0
10.9
0.3 .
---
4.6
11.•
J.l
.
z
C,
.....
I><
(")
-
2.1
l.7
18.0
0.9
O.J
"ti
"'t1
t'3
6.9
0.7
2.1
22.8
2.0
2.,
17.2
l.Z
8ank i ng and broker•
lnsurarce and real estate
l'holesale and retai I trad•f
Other t rede1
>
~
t-"'
Table 12-INDUSTRY OF WORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 19)4 ANO OF GAINFUL WORKERS 19)0° IN 79 CITIES-Conllnud
Pl TTSSURGH, PA,
POIHLANO, MAINE
PC)RTSl«)UTH, N, H.
PROVIDENCE, R. I.
g
ROCHESTER, N. Y.
READING, PA.
AOCKFOAO, I lL,
IIC)U$TIIY
RELIEF
55,062
100,0
278,6'8
100.0
Agricul tur9
o. 7
Fishing and forestry
0.4
Extraction of .. ine.-.l1
Total worliers reporting:
NulTi>~r
Pucenl
Manufacturing and niect..nlca) industries
Building Md construction
Clay, glass, and stone industries
Clothing industrin
Food and allied industries
Sh04! factories
Other leather industrin
l.uillber and furniture indvstdes
AutOIIObile factories Ind repair shops
Sia.st furnaces and steel rol I ing mi I ls
Other iron, stnl, machinery, etc, industries11
Metal industries (except iron and steel)c
Paper. printing. and a11 ied industries
Textile industries
Other inanufacturing industriesd
Transportation and eOflfflUnication
Construction and 1111intenance of roads. etc.
cci"
0
Ste• rai I roads
Telegraph And telephone
""
Other transportation and cC11111Uniution•
i'j"
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
CENSUS
Trlde
ctNSUS
RELIEF
CENSUS
R6LIEF"
2,422
100.0
30. 526
100.0
249
100.0
0.4
1.9
0.9
2.8
1.5
1.1
-
1.8
1.0
2.0
0.4
0.1
2.0
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
44.9
15.6
1.5
0. 7
3-4
)8.0
).4
1.1
1.1
).5
Y.1
50.2
11.)
1.6
0.1
1.0
0.1
1.0
61.9
12. 7
0.5
0.9
1.9
0.1
0.)
0.6
1.1
9.9
5.6
0.5
l.l
O.l
4.3
1.2
8.2
5.l
0.1
l.)
O.)
).4
14.2
1).4
.
3-5
4.0
1.2
4. 7
14.4
Bank Ing and brokera9C!
AEL1£F
-
1.8
o. 1
2.0
10,8
2.6
1.5
1.6
)5.)
4.9
1.2
0.4
1.1
5.8
0.1
0.2
1.6
0.2
2.8
0.4
1.4
0.8
0.2
2.4
0,6
2.3
0. 2
4.9
12.4
0.6
1.6
8.6
1.5
-
o. 2
0.1
).6
3-)
11.2
21.4
).9
5.5
1.4
10.6
o. 1
4.4
6.1
.
6,064
100.0
21.9
l.6
2.1
17.)
0,9
1).2
0.)
0.4
11.8
25.1
6.3
0.5
1.3
).4
•
16.6
0.4
6.1
10.1
o.•
-
.
9,960
100.0
3-6
0.4
9.)
0.4
0.8
0.8
6,8
12.)
0.8
0.)
7.6
14.5
5.9
e.o
17.4
1.0
1.6
1,3
13-5
10.1
3.8
I.I
0.5
4.)
11. 7
0.1
-
3.6
0.8
1.6
•
25,3
2.1
2.4
19.9
0.9
12.5
15.6
-
-
1.)
CE"5U1
Ml.lEF'
CENSUS
llEllli:F
CENSUS
RELIEF
,CENSUS
112,3'7
100.D
5, 7)6
100,0
50,9)5
100.0
17,185
100,0
14',868
100.0
5,)80
100.0
)8,552
100,0
D.8
2.9
0.9
..
0.5
1.0
0.)
0.7
0.1
-
0.6
1.0
0.1
0.2
6'.9
l).3
0.4
).6
4.)
1.2
1.0
59.1
5.6
0,4
2.8
).2
0. 7
O.l
0.5
0.9
5.5
11.5
3-4
1.4
13-8
4.6
7.3
0.9
1.2
-
12.4
2.2
6.4
0.5
5.2
).)
18.8
1.3
1.8
15.2
0.5
8.5
0.1
0.3
8.0
0.1
0.1
,g.,
5.8
0,4
1.2
1.6
0.1
0.1
0.6
o. 7
0.5
7,9
10,)
1.5
10.I
8.6
.
.
0.5
•
0.1
0,6
0.1
62.)
17.2
0.5
9.7
2.6
4.9
0.)
3- 7
50.9
6. 7
0.5
7.2
2.)
3-2
0.2
2.0
59.)
13.8
0.1
1.0
2.0
0.1
0.4
11.0
55.6
7.2
1.0
5.9
10.4
0,6
1.5
7!J. 7
5. 7
l.5
0.1
8.l
0.9
2.0
0. 7
10.1
l.)
0.2
5.4
0. 7
2.6
0.6
8.6
).)
11.3
4,8
1.7
0.8
4.2
14.4
0.9
1.4
11.8
0.3
10.8
0.1
0.4
9.9
0.4
o.•
4.9
-
o.)
0.9
1. 7
0.1
0.4
8. 7
5.9
o. 7
0.9
:,0
Ill;!
•-3
-1-4
ta.0
1.2
1.9
14.8
0.5
14.1
0.4
0.8
12.7
0.2
7.8
0.8
2.1
-
4.9
ta.•
-
LO
Public Nrvic•
1.0
3-1
I.)
4.9
2.0
6.2
I.I
2.4
l,1
1.5
I.I
2.6
l.1
1.4
2.1
e.o
2. 7
10.0
2.0
7.5
I. 7
8.0
1.6
5.)
2.2
8.6
2.4
6.8
19.5
0.4
5.1
14.0
1).0
1.1
).8
8.1
111.6
l). 7
l.4
12.J
5.2
-
7.9
12.5
--
11.)
0.)
),0
8.0
11.6
1.)
3-2
12.6
...
17.7
).!
8.4
0.1
2.8
5.5
7.8
0.6
2.6
4.6
10.8
0.4
4,0
6.4
9.2
1.0
3.0
5.2
11.5
0.5
4,4
6.6
8.5
0.9
3-)
4.3
1.6
2.9
1.2
2.5
). 7
0.3
1.9
l,O
2.9
1.6
0.)
2.8
Oo-llestic and personal service
Cleening. dyeing, pressing !.hops, and laundries
Hotels, rl'!staurants, Md boarding houses
Other dontest ic and personal servict
Not speci fled industriH and sef"Yices
ror
fMtMIH
Ne •• 111,
6.0
12.5
...
11.0
0,2
.
po,:
7.)
2.2
1.4
0. 1
3-0
ta.a
Professional sen, ice
0.1
o.•
-=0
:,0
1.l
0.5
21.5
l.2
1.9
2.9
7.2
Other t ,.edell
-
=
z►
5.1
0.1
17.0
0.8
2.0
3-6
2.)
0.2
0.8
1).0
0.4
lnsuranu and real estate
Wholesale and retail trlde'
c::
:,0
2.5
14.0
0.5
lll;I
:,0
Cll
0
z
t"'
Ill;!
"'12
Table 12-INOUSTRY OF WORKERS ON R£Ll[F MAY 113" ANO Of GAINFUL IJORKCRS 1130• IN 71 CITICS-Coalluetl
'-XX ISl.fJID, ILL
INDUSTRT
Total .orltera report i,wa:
......,
"-rcttnt
Agriculture
Fishing
■NI
ror•try
b:tn.ction of
•iner■ ls
Mariuf■cturing ■ n:1
111Khanical indultriN
8udctin9 :Ind construct ion
Cla:,. glaH, and ~tone industrift
Clothir-ig ird1.1str,u
F'ood ud al 1i&d ird..atri•
Shoe f■ ctoria
Other le-atheor in:l'l.lstries
LUlllber and furniture in:hetriel
Aut0fll0tl11e factories !ltd repair shops
Bl ,tSl furnaces and steel rolling .. i 1ls
Ott-er iron, steel. ""chinerr. etc. il'l'.fustrinll
liiPtal industries (elfCept iren ard stttl )'
Pa.per. print i1"9, arw:t allied lndustria
Te:i,;til• industrie,~
Other aanufact1.1ring industriesd
Tra.,,portat ion and CO'llllnicat ion
Construct ion and •inte,.nce of roads, etc.
Stea.• ra i I roads
Tele~r,..ph arid telephone
Other trareportation .1.111 cCJ11111nication•
Trade
0
cci"
i'j"
""
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
Bankil\9 aid brokerage
Insurance and r-e-■ 1 estate
ltlolu.ale and retail trade 1
Other traoet
Public Hrvice
l'rofnsl~I service
Drrcinat ic and personal sen, ice
Cluning, dyeing, pressing shops, and laundries
Hotels, restaurants. and boarding houMS
Ot._r dClllett ic and per1onal service
..... ,. "'·
Not specified inch,strin and servic,e,s
,.,,......,
•n1E,
C(NSUS
1.687
100.0
16.981
100.0
3.8
1.2
0.5
.
ST. ,&Ul, MINII,
IIIRIP
CE ■ 'SJS
111&1[,
CtNSUI
ltQl(II'
cosus
IIIRl(J
C[N$US
N(ll (I
CD~S
11111.11,
CIWSUS
'2.2',0
100.0
)86.122
100.0
15.!!J'
100.0
117.767
100.0
6.190
100.0
~.OiJ7
6,162
100.0
61.007
100.0
27.fll'C
100.0
3').562
100.0
5.962
100.0
41, 10)
100.0
5.5
1.0
I.I
O.J
2.1
o. 7
5.0
1.6
J.4
2.1
I.J
o.e
I.I
O.J
0.9
•
O.J
2.J
I.J
I.I
O.J
0.1
1.2
o.e
0. 2
0.6
0.1
6.6
2.4
0.1
O.J
1.0
0.1
o.,
•
•
)9.1
8.0
I.J
J.O
5.3
J.4
o. 2
1.7
11.9
,2. 7
1).0
0.5
1.,
:,i.,
Jl.8
15.J
0.5
0.9
J.O
:e.5
6.2
0.6
1.0
2.9
21.1
)11.6
1. 1
0.5
0. 1
J.2
1).2
0.4
2.4
,.6
O.J
21.5
6.1
0.5
0.1
0.6
o. 1
1.,
1.8
J.O
0.1
0.2
1.0
58.1
12.2
O.J
I.I
1.0
0.8
)1.5
17.J
o. 5
o. 1
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0.1
1.2
2.J
O.J
5.2
0.9
1.9
1.1
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2.J
1.0
5.2
o.8
2.6
0.5
8.9
1.6
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3.0
0.9
1.9
0.5
5.9
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0.1
1.2
0.3
0.'
0,2
,.2
1.•
0.1
l.J
0.2
I.J
0.1
J.9
2.1
0,J
J.9
o.8
1.9
0.'
,.6
1.6
0.5
2. 7
0.6
2.2
O.J
5.9
10.9
0.5
C,6
1).8
0.6
\J.6
5.2
I.I
0.1
5.6
1. 1
U.6
0.)
2.0
5.6
17.5
1.5
2.1
2.0
11.6
16.C
0.9
1.8
13.l
0.5
5'.5
12.8
0.4
1.6
1.5
0.2
,e.5
6.2
O.J
1.6
1.,
I.J
•9.9
1).1
-
0.9
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-
. ,...
6.1
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1.,
.
1.,
0,1
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0.2
1.9
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.
e.,
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1.0
1.'
0.5
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1.,
J.8
2.,
2.2
0.5
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0.8
1.5
10.6
0.9
0. 1
22.0
0.2
1.6
0.9
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1).2
11.8
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0.2
11.8
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3.1
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10.,
-
11.6
2.4
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5.8
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1.0
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u.o
o. 2
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12.9
o.,
22.0
9.1
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18.6
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1.5
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o.8
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5.6
7.6
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8.6
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6.6
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6.8
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,.,
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JJ.218
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c... u,
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SALT lM( CIT'Y, UTAM
1.698
100.0
1.7
. .
ST, LOUIS, 'i>,
SAGIIIIA•• MICH.
,:u,,,
0.1
0.5
0.1
5.1
o. 2
8.•
0.2
0.6
o.8
0.1
6.5
0.1
,.1
-
1.1
2.,
11,t
o.8
1.7
-
6.J
0.6
).8
0.1
•.8
.
5.9
0.5
1.8
,.6
0.1
0.l
I.I
I.J
0.2
,.e
0.6
,.1
o.,
5.5
0.9
100.0
.
.. .
2.1
-
2.2
1.,
0.9
o.,
J.9
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U.6
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5.8
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0.9
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6.9
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,.9
16.8
0.6
0. 7
1'.9
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211.2
1.9
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9.6
11.1
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11.8
1.8
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o.,
6,8
11.9
11.2
15.0
2.0
6.2
6.8
5.5
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0,4
7.8
8.1
8.8
a.,
3.J
15.5
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9.2
1.6
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2.2
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I. 7
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6.9
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5.6
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16.2
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1.1
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I.I
1.0
-
.
0.1
0.1
.
1.0
11.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
29.6
51.J
5.4
o.,
0.8
l.J
•
•
O.J
o.,
0,1
12.2
0.1
1.5
0.1
35. 7
5.9
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1.5
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8.0
2. 7
1.8
0,5
,.o
2'. 1
2. 7
J. 7
11.,
0.1
9.J
0.1
0. 2
8.9
0.1
1'.6
0.8
1.2
12.2
o.,
-
,.,
t:J
><
0
-
2. 7
'·'
8.5
1.9
6.J
6.5
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.
z
,.1
J.6
11.l
IC.1
>
"Cl
"Cl
Cl:I
5
I-'
ra.,. 12-INOU~TRY OF •oRKERS ON RELIEF IIAY 19J•
IMOU'STIIT
0
a.......
(i)
CDSUS
....,..,.,r0111.
0.
c.
... £Ell~, • • VA.
. ,. ,,,
cosus
Rllllf
CEIISIIS
1',192
100.0
27,183
100.0
2•J.lf>9
100.0
15,,
1.8
1.3
0.5
o.3
-
0.1
o. 7
O.J
o.,
0. 1
Jl . 2
5,7
0.2
0.5
1' .I
:,o.,
17,3
22, l
O.J
0,9
0.9
0.1
7.1
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0. 9
I.I
, .o
o.,
2.9
Jt[LIEF
Rill(,
)5,685
5,038
100.0
32. 767
100.0
0,3
0.2
J,5
5.7
0,J
0,4
17.5
2.2
F"ish i 09 and forestry
0.5
-
0.3
0.1
o.s
C.tract ic>n of n11 in.rah
0. 2
68.1
59.8
0. 2
1'.0
J.7
11.2
1,7
J0,8
29. 2
II.I
0,5
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9. 8
5.7
0,8
0.6
11,9
:,0,J
12.6
0.J
O.J
9.5
0,3
0.7
0. 7
0.6
0 .9
0,1
0.3
0.2
0.8
0.1
0.8
0.2
2,0
O.J
0.1
,.2
1.,
0.2
0.8
O.J
2.9
0.5
0.1
0.6
0.1
1.1
1.6
0.1
1.1
0. 1
2.2
0.2
1.6
0.1
0. 8
0.2
0.9
0.1
0.7
0. 1
J.O
0.1
0. 1
1.0
0.1
J.O
0.1
2. 7
1.5
9.5
6.0
1.7
1.1
0. 2
7.6
0.9
8.7
•.5
2.7
1.•
o. 7
7.J
2.5
0.1
0.1
0.2
I.I
15.0
J.I
5.0
1.5
• •9
12.7
0.1
IA.J
8.9
8.7
o. s
2.J
10. 1
2.4
,.1
1.0
8.0
0. 5
2.•
12.3
14.I
0.4
a .1
u.o
21.8
2.,
Percent
Construct ion and nwi intenance of roads, etc.
Stea,a ra i I roads
Telegraptl encl toleE!hone
Other transportation and cpaa,nicat Ion•
r,Bank i ng ano brokerage
Insurance 1rd rMI 11tale
llholesal e ard retail trade'
Ot "'-' trAIH'1
A..lbllc .,.,..,ice
Proteu lonal ..
,...,1c,
Dolllltttic and per1anal MF"Vlce
CIU11ing, d7•i"1 , prn1 inrg shops, and laundrie1
Hotel 1, restaurants, encl D~rd ing houtea
Other dCffltst ic and persona I Mrv iu
.... ..... •· ,.,.
Nat apec It ild i ndwlt r iH and Nt'"V iCH
,., ,
~
74.J
9. 9
0.2
).1
0.9
0.2
-
1.2
.
.
65.7
•• 7
1. 8
0.9
0.5
,.1-
.- .•
.
.
.
.
1.7
10.0
9.6
0.3
29.5
8.7
0.5
0.1
0.1
27.0
7. 0
0.5
2.5
8.0
J.2
1. 0
1. 0
2.8
5.1
o. 7
0.7
0.7
J.5
,. 7
5.2
0.2
10.0
I.I
O.l
0.1
5.1
-
-
5.0
o.•
-
--
o.,
1.,
0. 1
5.8
7.J
0.2
1.6
5 .5
5.0
-
-
0.8
2,5
2.1
0,1
0. )
0.8
15.2
7.1
0. 1
.
-
0.4
1.9
0.1
1.J
-
-
--
-
-
o.,
0.2
1.1
0.1
0.1
1.0
5.4
5.8
..,.
1.1
5,2
•
--
1.4
.
-
2,069
100.0
. .. ..
.
o.,
,.
•••5.•
1.9
u
.
•.2
..,
1.8
1.1
1.5
U.4
0.5
0.8
12.2
o.t
1.6
1. 7
0.1
,.2
8. 7
0,9
2.2
5.1
27 .8
1.,
,.1
21.1
-
J.•
1.J
O.J
J.9
8.7
.
..
5,1
I.)
7.1
O.J
17.2
1.2
l.l
1, .,
o.e
o.i
o.,
J.230
100,0
100.0
.
,.. ..,
2, 1
WI UI.ES-8AAAE. l'A•
CEWSU5
Agriculture
Tnnsportet ion and COllll'l.lnicat ion
0
AEllU
32 . 709
100.0
"-'tOIIOtl i '" factories end repa i r shops
8Lasi furnaus and ~te,el ,.-ollinq • ills
Other iron . st"\ , 1Mchinet'")l. etc. industries11
Me t al inctustries (e>1ce pt iron and steel le
Pa~r. printit\9, •nd all1td indu1tries
Textile lna ustr ies
Other ,...nufacturing Industries
'<
CE•SUS
2,326
100.0
Shoe factories
Otr'-r luther i nd"'1tr in
L..rcler ana furniture i nduatr i n
~
RELIEF
-
SIOUX FAL.lS, S. DM
7,43'
100.0
Cloth ing i ndustr ies
roa:1 ano allied i-ncluslriH
CY
CENSUS
SIOUX CITY, 10..a
2,067
100.0
Butlising and consiruct ion
Clay, 9 la)s , end slone i l'dustr iea
""
;::;-
R(LIEF
-
~EIIANOOA.H, PA.
rv
J. 753
100.0
NunoMr
Mwlufacludng and mechanical indust riH
0
51-lEL TON. COIIIIIII.
....0
Of GAINFUL .,RKERS 1930' IN 19 CITIES-c .......d
57'
100.0
fotal 110r "~rs report i"i:
co·
-
uo
o. 7
0. 2
1. 9
•.J
39,1
25,8
'5,2
•o.o
•.5
Zl.9
315,5
8. 0
O.J
1.9
2.0
0.1
0. 2
1. ,
2.)
0.1
0. 1
,..
12 . 2
o.,
o.•
u .1
o. 7
2. 9
.
5.1
Zl.2
1.11
1.9
o.•
18.9
0 .6
2.1
-
0.9
0.)
).9
0.9
0.7
o.•
1.9
2.5
o.•
1.0
8.1
•••2.0
8.0
1. 7
2.5
0.5
3.J
10.7
0.2
0,J
10.2
-
1.1
21.1
1.1
2. J
t.8
2.8
10.8
J.5
11 .1
2.4
15.8
0.2
5.1
10.0
2.7
11.t
1.2
4.8
17. 0
o.,
11..S
o.,
12.,
2.,
..,
U.5
1.2
5. t
.., ,.. ,....,,
20.2
1.1
5.)
13.2
11 . 7
1.,
9.7
0.2
2.9
6.1
,.2
2. 8
1.2
I.I
0.2
,.,
2.9
o.,
.
0. 5
5 .1
,.,
,.,
...
0.5
2.4
40.9
.
9. 0
2.J
11.4
1.7
•.J
CENSUS
0.5
1.7
'-3
t.l
0.5
4.2
4.4
18.7
0.9
1.4
18. 1
o.,
,..
1.8
..,
WI Ull lfGTOII, DEL .
MLIEF
c.., ...
5,226
100.0
'7,27)
100,0
2.3
0.1
0.5
.
O.J
0.1
,e.s
1).6
o.,
2.1
1,1
,s.1
1. 1
0.2
1.,
►
'Z
1.2
1.0
5.0
0.5
0
1.,
1.•
9.6
0.1
2.9
2.,
5.7
0.8
0.7
-
.
l.)
8.9
o.,
1.9
J.9
u.o
8.0
2.1
2.1
0.4
2.8
13.5
10.2
0.2
11.0
1.7
1.5
u.s
,..
o.,
.
o.,
o.,
5.7
-
1.5
o.,
2.e
2.,
1.4
31.0
0.1
2.7
U.8
o.,
0.1
2.2
5.5
JJ.2
8.9
2.0
1.1
,.1
2.1
c:::
~
0:,
-=
~
:,.;
tz:I
::11:1
en
0
:z:
::11:1
tz:I
t'"4
-...,
tlQ
APPENDIX C
103
NOTES TO APPENDIX TABLE 12
The preceding tables present the industry distribution of
"MOrkers (employed and unemployed) 16-6q years of age on relief
Hay 193q and of gainful workers 10 years of age and over 1930a
for each of the 79 cities.
The stub presents 10 main industry groups. Four of these,
■ anufacturing and mechanical
industries, transportation and
communication, trade, and domestic and personal service, al·e
broken down to show further detail. The stub is condensed fr0111
the 5:t-item stub used in the urban summary industry tables of
Part I. The footnotes below explain these combinations.
• Less than 0.05 percent.
t Workers 16-6ti Jears of age.
a ftfteenth Census of the Untted States 1930, Population Volume III, State Table 20, and unpublished data. Includes all
persons 10 years of age a.nd over who usually followed a gainful occupation and who were either working or seeking work.
b Includes car shops and all other iron and steel industries.
e Includes. brass 111i lls and all other metal industries except
iron and steel.
d Includes chemical factories, cigar and tobacco factories,
electrical goods factories, rubber factories, independent
hand trades, and all other manufacturing industries not elsewhere classified.
e Includes air transportation, garages, postal services, radio
broadcasting, street railroads, water transportation, and all
other transportation aid communication industries not elsewhere classified.
f Includes aut0110bile agencies, stores, and filling stations,
and all other wholesale and retail trade.
g Includes adTertising agencies, stockyards, warehouses, and
all other trade not elsewhere classified.
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
lOLJ
Table 13-UNEMPLOYED •ORKERS OIi RELIEF IIAT 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SU, ANO All
GAINFUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION li30 CLASSIFIED
BY OCCUPATIOII,•
AICRON, OHIO
CENSUS
IXCU,-TIOI
Total IJOf'kers reporting:
Agriculture
·-·
Percent
Farwrs (o,,ner1 and tt?nents.J and fal"II •nagers
Fam laoor•rs
TOTAL
1015,400
100.0
•LE
FEIMLE
8,660
100.0
5,505
100.0
l.illlS
100.0
0.5
0.1
0.4
2.6
0.7
1.9
1.0
3.9
1.2
I. 7
1.2
0.3
1,5
I. 7
52.4
0.4
0.2
0.1
47.i
0.4
56.i
0.5
0.4
Fishing and forestry 11
Extract ion of n1i~ralsc
Manufacturing and 111eehanical industries
Bakers
Bl-,cksn1iths, forg...n, ard hMllefllllft
801 lenMkers
Brick and stone •sons and ti le layers
Bu, la ino contractors
Carp!!'nters
Dres5"1lkers, Mlftlllres$H, and •i 11 iner1
Electricians
EnginNrs (stationery). crane.n, etc.
F irlffltn !except I otOflllOt ive and fire departNnt I
Forenen and Oll'erseers l•nufacturingJ
Furnacemtn, t111themen, hNtl!rl, ana puddlers
lillM,:h,nists, ,.i I l•rights, tool•--rs, and die setter-a
MaM9er1 and officials (nenufecturing} an::I anufacturer1
Mec.h.l.niu not ott.rw,se specifieel
Painten, glaziers, enaNlen, etc.
P,iper Mngen
Plasterers ard c...,t finishers
PIUlllbers ard gas llnd stelfll fitters
Roofers and slaters
Sh0111111kers and cobblers (net In factorrl
Ski I led •orker1 in print ingd
S1,,,illed •orkers not els.,..,.n·clHsifl«I•
Structural iron -orkers
Tailors aM tai loresses
Tins,n,the and coppersaiths
Operatives
Building industry
Chefflical and allied industries'
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clar. 9lass. and stone industries•
Clothing industriesh
FOOd ard allied industriea 1
Iron and steel • ..chinery, etc. indu:striesJ
W.t ■ I industries, except iron and atN1 11
l.Hther industries 1
l..uN>er and furniture industries•
Paper, printing, and al I ied industries"
1 i le industrin°
Other ,-nufactur ing and not specified industries'
r...
laborers
Building, general, and not 1pecified induatrin
Chetlical and al I im indu1tries'
Clay. glass, and stone industries•
Food and allied industries 1
Iron and steel, ...chinery, etc. industriesj
l,u,tiber 1nd furniture industries•
Otl"lr •nufacturir,v industrieaQ
Transportation and c01M11tnication
■&1110
•ITI
IO,O
TOTAL
0.3
MO OTtEI
IMU:
0.8
1.6
2.t
lll.4
52.1
0.1
1.4
I.I
o.e
1.8
0.2
4.1
5.8
3,3
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
I.&
2.8
1.2
1.6
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
1.5
1.6
1.0
0.2
0.9
0.2
2.0
3.2
2.3
3.5
1.4
0.3
1,4
0.3
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.8
7.0
0.4
0.1
0.1
2.2
I.I
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.8
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
1.2
0.1
0,3
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
1.1
0.2
0.5
1.0
1,5
I.I
0.7
0.8
1.2
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.1
1.5
0.1
0.2
0.5
0,4
0.1
16.3
0.8
0.4
0.4
I.I
0.8
0.8
17.5
5.8
3.1
o.e
l9.0
.
0.3
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
22.1
13.7
2.0
0.2
4. 7
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.1
8.3
0.2
0.8
0.1
1.8
6,0
13-3
2.3
0.4
0.2
1.0
0.2
-
o.e
o.•
0.3
0.8
0.1
F8MLE
l,ll0
860
100.0 100.0
l.t
1.6
0.2
2.1
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.3
0.4
0,4
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.8
1.8
4.1
2.8
IS.6
1,6
1.2
1,g
21.9
0.8
7.i
0.8
•ter transportation I 't.0.1
Longshorem,n and stevedorea
Sai Iors, deckhands, and boat111111n
ROid and streiet transPOl"tat ion 1s,0J
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Dra)'1119n and teMaters
Gar age Iaboren
laborers for truck, transfar, and cab c~ies, and hoatlen
Laborers. rem
and
str..t
Ra i Ir* transportation ls.oJ
8ag9ag_... freight agents, ticket and station agents
Boiler ■asher:. and engine hostlers
Bra"-n {slftfl r_ai 1roa:t)
2.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
5.8
7.3
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.3
4.2
4.1
0.1
0.3
0.5
..
Digitized by
0.4
0.4
II.I
Google
APPENDIX C
105
Table 13-UMEWPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 1934 CLASSIFIED 8Y CCCUPATI0•. RACE. AHO S[X, •~D All
GAINFUL •0RKHS IN GENERAL P0PULATIOO 1930 CLASSJFIEO BY OCCUPAIION,
8
,U:R()tl, OH I 0-Co11t l1u11d
---
-
--
-- - - - - - - - -
wire -J-■-m-•-o-.-■-o-o-,=-
OCCUMTHlN
TOTAL
-
RELIEF' 193'
CE .. SUS
TOTAL
-
r·---
--
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - + - - - - + - - • - • _ L ~ _ FEMAL~___ ... LE
--,---
·-
FE~
Transportation and c~iution !continued)
tr■ n"1,porl111t ion '9.o.l !cont in,Jied)
Ccnductors lstean111nd street railr0Jltds) anti bus conductors
Rai !reed
locOMOt 1ve en; i neers
Loc<:l'W)t ive f irewaen
Yotonwn
S.1tct'lllltn, flagnen, an::t yardlaen
0,1
0.1
0,3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
o.8
0.8
o.z
0,4
0.2
0.4
2.1
fapress, post, radio, telephone.and telegraph l•.0.1
[.ii;pres, ag~nts, e11press t111JS:.engers, and rai 1-ay 1M1 I clerks
"4i1 ceu·rie~
0.7
Telel)hone
Tel~ra.ph
Tel~r~oh
Telephone
o.z
0, I
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0. I
0.3
0.2
0,1
0.1
0.3
0,2
0.1
o.z
0.2
0,3
13.5
8.5
10.1
o.z
0.1
0.1
0.6
2.0
0.1
0,5
and teleqraiti I inenen
1111essengers
and rad 10 operators
operators
O(her transwrtation and co1ffl11.mic11tian pursuits
For@tllen and OYers.rs
lnsot"Ctors
Laooners
Proprietors and 11111nagers"
Other occupat ioru,•
Trade
Advl!'rt is i ng &Qent s
Canerc1al tr4velers
0.1 iveryn.en
Floor•alkt-rs, for~n. a,-j 1nspe,ctors
lnsurancit and re"11 '!1ll'lte agents, lllill\ag"rs,
0.3
0.3
"-"°
off1c1als
Laborers (includes por\e-rs 1n stores)
Ne,o.,sooys
Proprietors !except ret11 i I dealers Jt
0. I
I.Z
o.,
1.,
0.1
0.3
1.0
3. 7
0.5
3,Z
A.tblic serYice
1.4
0.9
Profess10MI service
Retai 1 dealers
S...levnef'I and s11les,i,<JJ1en
Othdr i:-,,rsuils
in
tr11de"
0.5
1.5
0.6
0.1
0. 5
Z .8
7.0
0,4
0.1
o.,
o.,
11.7
2.9
1.3
1.2
0.6
0.3
0. 5
1.6
11.7
o.,
0.9
0,4
2. I
2. 7
5.1
1.2
0,6
6.4
2.6
Actors and shcwlitn
Architects, designer5, draftSltlen, arrl inven\Of'"S
Artists, sculptor,, "nd teachers of art
Mus,c ians and teachers of 1T1Js1c
Teachers
0,1
0.4
0.1
o.z
o.,
0.2
0.3
0.1
0. 1
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.1
Techn,cal engir.eers
Trai~ nurses
Other professional pursuits--'
SemiprotessiOMI pyrsu,u•
Atlendanu and ne I pers
0,7
0.6
I. 7
0,4
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.2
o. 7
0,1
0.3
0.9
o.8
9,8
18.6
4 .5
42.8
14 .5
1.0
0.5
2.3
0,4
0.4
Doatst ic and peorsOM1 sen, ici,
Baroers, hair1ressers, and "11!!1nicurislS
Boarding and 100911"9 hou:se keepers
0. 3
1.8
o.,
1.2
2.3
0.4
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.4
0,4
Bootblacks
0.1
0,1
Char•cnen and cleaners
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.1
0,1
1.2
o.,
o.,
0.4
O.B
Hotel and restaurant keepers ano lllilllnayer1
Hwsekeepers afll1 stNard1
0.5
0.4
0.4
0,9
0.1
0.3
0,4
2.1
0.3
Janitor!> and Mxtons
I.I
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.3
1.0
Laur-dry 8ncl dfJ' cleaning cwners, nanagers, and operatives
Porters (except in stores)
0.8
0.8
0.1
0,2
Practical nurses
Ser11ants
0.3
o.8
3.4
laiters
1.0
9.5
1.9
1.4
0.5
Elevator tenoers
laborers
Launc1enrrs and laundressn (not in laundry J
7.9
2.3
3.0
9,8
1.9
2.3
1.5
o.8
1.6
0.4
96.9
0.9
1.5
1.7
4. 7
20.2
7.4
1.5
1.2
0.4
71.2
5.3
Other pursuits"
9, 7
3.1
2,5
Agents, collectors, and credit raen
BoOk.keepers, caish ier!., and accountanu
Cieri!!. not else--here classd ied
0,6
2.0
5.1
0.1
o.8
0.2
0.6
Messenger, err.vtd, and gffice t>oys and gi,-ls
0,1
0.1
StenOQraphef"S llnd t,p,sU
1.9
1.6
0.1
0,5
Clerical occupations
1.6
9. 7
2. 7
3.5
3.5
133055 0-37-9
Digitized by
Google
URBAN
106
WORIBIS ON RBLIBF
o• RELIEF MAT U)• CLASSIFIED IT OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AlD ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS II GUUAL POl'ULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATIOl,•
AL8UOUER0UE, NEW IIEI I CO
hble 1)-UNEM,LOYED IIOR•EIIS
RUIEF 1914
1030
Total ,crhrs ~rtlng:
~~l
TOTAL
TOTAL
10,020
100.0
866
100.0
1.8
0,8
NEliiRO At11 OTMOt
MtlTE
•a:i
100 . 0
1'9
100.0
201
100.0
-
20.4
).0
1,0
I).•
2.8
10.6
f"ishlng ~ forestry•
0.2
0.3
l~.5
3, 7
11.8
0.2
Extraction of flll l nerah"
0.6
),)
2.6
-
7.9
n. ,
28.)
)11.3
2.0
2,.8
0.2
-
o.s
I.I
0.6
0,8
-
0.5
1.0
).9
-
1.S
0,6
0.4
-
0.5
-
1.0
Agr lcu l ture
F•l"'llers (~rs and teMttll) and fem 1"'8Ngers
Fem I a.borers
Manufacturing and Meeh
iul industrie3
Bahrs
0.5
8oilerwe.lcers
o. ,
o.,
Bri cit and stone N50l"IS and ti I e I ayers
Building cont~ tors
0,2
0.6
Carpenters
Oressulcers, searwst,-eses, andi.llllners
Electric 1Ms
0.5
0 .6
81 ackS'li ths, for94"ffl, and h~,.._.,
Engil'lftr'I tstation11ry), crat"lffllef,, ~tc,
Firenien (e eot loc.O'IO tl"e and fir-e d~r-t.-nt)
0.2
0.2
o. 7
0,6
0.6
2.5
0.2
0,)
) .)
o.,
o.,
o.,
-
11.,
-
1.0
0,2
0.9
1.0
0.6
0,)
0,6
I.
0.9
I.)
I.I
2.2
1. 2
1.9
-
0.5
Painters, 9laz1ers, en--.elers, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and tfftleftt finishers
Pl ....tiers and ga.s and stHllt fitters
Roofers and slaters
1,1
2.9
J.9
-
2.9
0.5
0. 7
1.8
1.8
-
2.0
0.5
0,1
0.1
2.)
2.9
0.2
Operatives
0.2
O.J
o.,
-
0.5
D.6
0.6
0.1
2.1
0. 2
2. 7
-
2.5
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.1
0,2
..
BuildinQ Industry
Chetiical and al I led induatr-tesf
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glass , and atone industrie.sl
Clothing industriesh
food and al I ied lndustriu 1
0,1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0 .1
0 .1
0.9
I.)
0. 7
0.5
Iron and steel, ..c.hinery , etc. lndus tr ieaJ
Metal industries, u:cept iron and stNlk
leathe,. Industries'
LUlllbe,. and furniture industrie~
Paper, printing, and allied irdust r ies"
Textile lndust,.ies0
Other NnU(acturir19 and not spec I fied industries'
0.9
1.8
2.3
-
2.5
0.3
0.1
2.0
0.5
2.2
0. 2
0.1
0,1
0. 7
-
2.9
-
1.5
0.)
o.,
-
0.5
J.O
). 7
-
).9
-
0.5
0.1
0.1
labo,-ers
&.,ildi"9, general. and riot Spec:ifild Industries
Che.luil and al I led indust riesf
Clay, gla.ss , and stone indus tries'
F'ood and a llied irdustries
Iron and steel. MC.hil"try, etc. industrfesJ
L1611ber and furniture Industries•
Other rMnufacturing lndustrlesQ
Transporta.t iofl af'd ~nlcet ion
o.•
0.2
1.,
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.)
2.J
0.6
0.5
0.5
-
11.3
21. 5
215,3
-
29.•
2.0
0.2
0.2
6.6
1.5
8. 7
1. 7
Water transportation 1a,o.1
LonQshorfll!ffl and ste.oedores
S. i 1ors. dee le hands, Md boatnien
~d and street transportation ta.o. I
Chauffeurs nd truck and tractor dr ivers
Ora~ and teansters
Gersge 1aborers
Laborers for truc:k, transfer, and cab C(lnlpanies, end hostlers
Lebo,..r-s, ~ and street
o.,
0.5
-
6.9
0.3
o.,
-
0,2
7.1
-
2.0
0.5
0.2
6.2
-
10.0
0.6
0.6
-
1.0
o.s
Railroad trattSPO,-t•tion ta . 0 .1
~ . freight agents, ticket and station agents
Bolle,- shers and engine hostlers
Brakffllltfl (1teM rail road l
0.2
0,2
0.5
Dig1t1zed by
6.1
6.1
F"onnen and O¥erseers 1•nufacturingJ
• hffters, and ouddl era
Fuf"NllCMe"I, .-.1 te
ers, and die setters
W.Chinists, ,.ill •r ig+,u, tool
facturers
Wanagers and oHlciah (NnufacturingJ nd
!Mchanics not ott,erw,se specified
~ e r s and cobblers {not In factory)
Sidi led -,M(e,-1 in printli,; 4
Skilled woriiten not else,,i,he,-e c l 11ssi flid9
Structural I ron worli.e rs
Tailors and tailontsses
Ti n.-1 ths 11nd copi,.rs,ai ths
))
100.0
Google
APPBNDIX C
r..i • l)-U8£11P\.OYEO 90•1us ON
107
REL I Er IIAY U)• CLASS Ir I [O BY OCCUPA 110•, RAC[, . . o SCI, ANO ALL
GAuruL IORIUS . . G[l[HL l"OPULAIIOI 1930 CLASSirl[O 8Y OCC UPAIIO• . •
AL8UQUEIIQU[, NEW 11[1 ICO-CoU Uud
;~: F· p~fJ:
I
OCC#AflOII
lr11Moot1at,on MWJ ~ n t u 1ion lcOfttinvedt
•ill"Oed trans;iorUtion f• . o. J lconti"UeidJ
Conductors I ,t . . Md 11 reet rai 1roa-tsJ and bus cOtYi.lctors
For-.n and ow-f"lifieO
Loeo.tti.,. ef'9it1Nr-s
LOCOftOt i Ye f i r.wn
lloto,...,.
S.i tchllrn.
n..,_...
Md par~
bpres1, past. radio. tele,hontt. an-1 t111l,tqr.aph 1,.0.
0.3
a,.cl
0.5
3.5
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
I_
,
=
0. 6
J,8
0,2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.5 ,
6.0
0.5
J
[xpress aqe,nu. e,cpr-.n . .,..,,~rs, end r11,I•, 1111il cl"rk'
Ma i l cvri•l""S
feleohonr
0.6
O.l
0.8
0.5
0. 2
tel~raph I i ~
h•le,orapfl ,wswnqers
fele,ora,,h .,,,., rad i o openton
f e l ~ ~r•tors
0.6
0. 3
o.,
0. 1
0. 3
o.s
:
0. 3
0.2
II
o.4
0. 4
-I
I
Other trW'~rt•t i on a,ld t,Ollaall'll i ca t ion purkt i ts
f'oreiwn
~~, ... Ml
,,.~«tors
L5borer-s
Proor i et o r-1 ard
~rt'
Other occ upat iona•
T,_
tra.,-ler'W
()e l ,ver,...,p -,., ,....11,;9,-,, forei-en, etld i "1JCM"'Ct o r11
lt11urance
......,,,
end,.,.,
0.3
0.3
0. 1
0.9
0. 6
20 . 9
0. 2
Mvert i sint ~ t i
Co-nerc, ■ 1
f'5la t e •9"nts, """'"~'•· ~ off ic iah
0. 1
0. 1
0. 3
2. 2
Laborrrs linc l udl!'I porters i f'I lt t> rHI
0. 1
Proprietors l••ctipt reta i l .:lea l •rs)t
1.2
~ t ai 1 de,elers
5. 7
Salellllel"t and s.alnW0Rlle"
Other pursui ti in trlde11
8.9
0.3
Pltlbl ic Nrvice
Professional aervice
At.tors and shoawn
Arr.,itects. dnignen. drafttflltl'I, an~ ;nvtintors
Art i sts, sculplM'S . and tUCPIUS of ut
1111,s i c i afls and teachers of -..s i c
TMC.hert
T«M icet ...,ineen
Traintid fturtin
profn1 i0ft1I purt.u i u"
S.-iprnf~niona1 pursuits•
AttPf'IICMnta 4ftd hel Pl!'""
oo.. ,
tlt,.intic Md personal M"" i c:t
8u111Pr1. h• i rdre-s~rs. erw, l'lliltl icuri1U
- I
I
0.2
0.8
6. 8
IO.;
- I
I
:i
0. 1
1. 0
1.8
0.1
0.2
o.,
2.1
0.2
1
·
I
I.I
0.2
0. 2
0.8
1. J
0. 7
0. 1
8, 7
0.2
2.0
1.2
1.11
12.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
3,0
2. 1
9. 4
0.1
I . ti
o.•
8.0
3. 7
1.0
1.5
3.6
1.0
0. 3
16. 2
0.5
0.1
0. 1
0.1
0.5
0. 5
0. 6
0.1
4. 6
, •. 5
0. 1
p,.'let ical nurs"
Servants
1.8
0.4
0.6
6.0
.,.;ter1
1.4
0.1
2. l
0.2
0,8
13.0
1.2
0.1
11.4
2.1
1. 9
4. 0
J.2
0.1
0.8
1. 3
4. 5
0. 1
2.9
1.2
1.1
0.2
Othe,- .,..,...,its"
'9f,lts, collectof"S. and c,...,it ftlef'I
Bonkkeepers, cash iers, Md ec counUnU
Cl•n:, not elMllht~ clas, ifi ed
IIHWftQ!tr. errMd. and off ice bo,s &nd g l rh
Stenognaohera lfld typish
,.,.
........
1.0
0. 1
o. 1
L&u"'1ry and dry cl"n;r,q 09'1"111trs, NnAa.r,. end opcrat l ¥e5
Port~,., {~C@pl in storHI
3.0
0. 2
1.0
0. 1
0.5
l111Mr .. rs
l~Merer-s and ,.,ndrene, (not i n laundryl
1.5
0.5
0. 9
0.2
Hot•I .,..,t rHtAur6nt " ~ " •net ,-naqers
tb•-MO--rs ~ n....,.rds
Jan i tors .,,d M1fl~
0. 5
0. 5
o. 1
0.1
0 .1
J.O
0.5
0.4
1.3
o. 1
I
i
0 .2
1. 0
20.1
0, 4
"'u11rd i flllljl Ind lodqi-,9 houw latt0ert
h t bl acks
C ► .\ r"lltfflll"n .,c:, cle..,_,."
[lew1tor tendifrt
Cleric11 occupations
f:'
A[LI[, --;-;;.. - - ----
6. 0
0. 5
87. 11
0,5
0. 1
1. 0
I.I
0. 1
1. 0
6. 0
1.3
0.6
0.2
2.3
6. 7
4.0
51. 7
6.1
1.0
12.l
1.5
66. 7
o.s
3.0
1.0
0.2
1.0
3,0
0. 1
2. 0
0.1
1. 0
3. 0
,. ..,_
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
108
Tobie IJ-u•EWPLOYEO WORKERS O• RELIEF MAY 19)4 CLASSIFIED BT OCCUPATION , UC[, AND SEX, AND All
GAllFUL WOR,ERS 1• GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY occu,u10•. •
ANSON IA , CONNECTICUI
CENSUS
19.IO
OCCUPAT I
TOTAL
Total -.od•er~ repgrt ing:
~':t
Agricwlture
f'•n,,ers (owners Anet tenants) and fa,-,. •.-,agers
r ,,. labOrers
fi1~,ng Yid for
try 111
Utract1on of ,..,neralsc
kl.A.LE
62':I
100.0
451
100.0
2. •
2.0
0,7
1.)
U,8
1.6
1.7
FElilALE
79
100.0
.,.
t"llen
Yoi le,,...hr1
Brick and ,tone ~,ons and ti le layers
8uild•"9 c0t1tractors
f0,.A.l(
18
100.0
21
100.0
7.7
2.0
1.)
65.)
68.7
0,2
0.5
0.7
),2
MALE
2.6
5.1
2.6
0.2
Manufecturint snd 1118Cl'lanlcal industr-ies
8111eltp,i th1, forijl.-n, Ind h
TOTAL
67.1
4,0
0.)
o.,
56.4
I.)
.6
4.0
5.6
Cltctric1an1
£.ng ineers (llat ionary J. c.rane,ien, etc.
Fire-,n (uuot loc:O'IOtive and r,,.. cteoartiaent}
1.D
1.0
0.6
0.9
Fora-en and overseers (IIWW'IUfacturingJ
Furn«.eraen, a,,.lter""8t'I, heaters, and Juddlers
rs, and die Mllers
W hinists, "'ill-,i9hu. tool
0.8
0.6
).2
0.9
0.5
lil1n1iger1 and offici Is (11a1•11.,facturl,,g) and unufacturers
llechanics not othenr•H specified
0,)
1,7
0,4
2.2
L)
Painters, glaziers, en.a.elars, etc.
),D
).8
2.6
PIHterers and ctnenl finishers
fi tter1
PIUl'lbers and 911 and ste
Roofers and slaters
0.5
0.5
o. 7
0.4
I.)
Shotm.,ker1 Md cobblers (l'lot In factory)
0.2
0.2
),)
4.0
0.4
roenter1
19.0
Df"es.!flWlers, se3"11."!.\res.ses, and •i 11 iners
1,)
I.I
1.2
1.2
,.6
4.,
Paper ha~ers
11 led -orli.ers in print lnq d
5afilled #Orl.ers not elsewhere classified•
St n.rctural i ron worker,
Tel Iors and te. i loreues
fl n,mi l h1 and copper anti th s
0,)
).8
Ooer-at ives
&.,i1c,ii,g industry
O\tnical and al I ied indu1 tries'
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glass, Ind stone industries'
Clothinv industries"'
Food Md allied industries 1
1,7
0.)
Iron and steel, tNChlnery, etc. indvstrie,J
Weu1 industries, ext:fft iron and ste.1 11
Luther lnoustriH 1
UIIIOer and furniture lndustrid
P per, printing, and all led Industries"
Tu-tile industries0
Other aanufec.turing and not SCMJClfied industries'
Laborers
8uildi"9, general, and not specified industries
Chc,,iical Md allied industries'
Clay. glass, Ind stone lmustries•
Food nd 111 I ied indust r tes 1
Iron and '\teel, "'8Ch1nery, etc. industrluJ
LLJ'llber and furniturtt industrlf!'s•
Othe-r -...anufacturlng 1ndustr ies 4
Transpartat ion and CO"nUnicat ion
0.2
).0
).)
12.5
IJ,5
0,2
0.2
0,)
7.6
6.7
5,2
,.o
2.9
2.2
o.~
11.4
1.)
2.5
9.5
2.6
15.
7 .7
2.5
11 .7
!6.5
.6
2.6
10.2
I.)
1.0
1,1
1.)
0.)
0.5
5.1
10.2
4 ,9
1.2
8.6
1',1
Yfater transporUtlon , •• o. 1
Long$horemen Md stevedores
Sal Iors, deck.hands, and b.,A ..,.,,
Rold and street trMsoortatlon , • . 0.1
Chauffeurs and trucli. end tractor drivers
Ora)"lllln and tea-,sters
Garage 1aborers
Laborers for truck, transfer. and cab CO'!IOM!ies, and hostlers
2.2
0,5
5.1
0.)
0,2
4,5
I.)
).8
Laborers, road and street
Railn,ld tran1partatlon , •. o.,
Baggagllle"I, freight agents, t ici,..et
.a.hers and engirie hostlers
Boller
B r ~ (sten r-ailroadJ
2.2
0.5
~
L)
5.1
stat Ion egenu
DiQ1t1zed by
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APPENDIX C
r.,:e
109
13-Ul[ll,LOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF IIU 19)4 CLASSIFIEO BY OCCUPATION. RACE. UO SEX. ANO ALL
GAIOFUL •DRIERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED RY OCCUPATION,•
AIISONIA. CONl[CTICUT-Co,Ul11U1d
.
RELIEF 19'4
CENSUS
OCC\WATION
, ..,
TOTAl
.....
TOTAi.
.... ,
NEGfrl MID OTMEA
MOTE
FOIAlE
FOIALE
f,.ansportation and coau"icet ion (cont inUfld)
Jfail,-oad transoort•tion ••-0.1 (continued)
Corductors ht_.. 1nd strNt railroad1I and bus conductors
For.-.n
and ov.,....r,
labof'ers
loc:OIIIOt ive enginee,.,
Locoaotive fir.-.n
Motonllltf'I
S.itc,..n.
c.,,....
-t."-·
-··-
radio. telec,hotle, and tel119r1ph l•.o. 1
Express agents, n:prns 111et.sengert, arwJ r1i 1•1 "'9i 1 cl•rh
llai I earrie,.,
Telephone and tele;raph I In..,.
Telegraph 111esle"91r1
Tel119r-aph and radio operators
T1tlei,hont operator-a
,
O.J
o.,
-
0.2
0.2
-
-
0.5
-
C.2
0.2
-
0.2
-
Labore,-,
Propri1tor1 and ~ n "
Other occupat ions•
Trade
Advertising agents
-
-
-
-
-
1.2
-
0.7
0.2
0.2
-
1.)
-
-
7.J
e.2
5.1
6.•
-
-
--
2.5
0.2
-
labo,wrs t lncludN porters In 1torHJ
O.B
-
-
--
0.7
I.)
1.e
2.5
0.6
2. 7
0.Y
Pl.el ic Nrvice
1.e
1.6
Profeulonel •rvlce
Actors and 1hc,w,en
ArchitKtl, dnl9ner1, draft9'111fl, and Inventors
Artists, eculptors, and tnct\era of art
llu1lci4ns arid teachers of IIIU■ ic
I.II
2.,
0.)
0.2
o.,
Teec"'9rs
O.)
0.5
Tachnlcal eng lneen
Trainm nwr••
Other profftllO"'II pursuit,_.
S..iprofe11ion1I pur1ult1•
At landanta and helpers
0.1
0.2
0.8
D.2
1.1
7.2
0.5
1.e
0.5
l>oiilnt ic
end peraonel Mf'Vlce
llarben, halrdre1Nr'I, and 111a11icurisll
Boar-d l rig Ind I odg Ing house kNPUI
llootblack1
Charwo-.n and c1Nntr'I
Elevator terden
-.
Hotel and ,...tau,-11nt keeper'I and •nagen
Houteli:Npers end st ...nl•
Jaf'ltors end Ndont
Launderer'I
a,'ld
Iauf'ld,...HI t not In lau'ld,-yj
l.Aundry and ,.,., c1uning _,.,.,, NN1ger1, alld operat ivn
Porters {except in 1lore1J
Practical nu,...
Servant,
.. lten
Ot.W punu1u•
Clerleel occupat Ions
Agents, collectort, end cr"9dlt fJl9fl
8ookkNP1r1, caahiera, and 11ccount1nt1
Clerh not elNllhere clusified
Mnaenger, errand, W'ld office boys Ind 9lr-l1
Stenographer■ end typists
-
--
0.2
1.9
-0.2
-
-
--
--
-
-
-
0.2
0.2
1. 7
Proprl•ton (except retail de1l ■rsJ'
Altai I dealers
s.1 . . .n a,'ld salHlfllCJlllllfl
Other purawitl In trade"
-
-
0.1
0.1
CoMerci1l travelers
Ollive,.,-,..n
Floorwe.l&.er1, fo,_..n, end in1pec.tor1
lnMlt'lll"ICe and reel nt ■ te .,.ti, •f'a9•r•. W'ld offlc11111
~-
-
-
Other tranaoortation and cO'IIIUnicetion pursuits
fo,..,_n and D¥1r8Nr1
Inspectors
-
--
2.6
---
).8
-
...
--19.0
--
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.2
--
---
0.7
2.5
0.2
15.2
1.3
-
--
0.5
0.8
4.)
0.3
-
3.e
-
0.5
2.9
0.1
O.)
-
-
,.o
o.,
J.•
0.2
-
-
I.)
-
-5.1
-
--
-
-
-
-
7.6
-
I.J
).8
-
2.5
Digitized by
-
I.)
1.)
--1.)
-
--
-
-
-----
----
81.0
--,.s
-
-
lA.)
).9
-
---
1.2
-
---
,.a
52.)
•.8
---
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URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBP
110
uo
Table 13-UNEWPLOY(O WORJUS O• R(Ll(r WAY 1934 CLASS1r1£0 IT OCCUPATIOW, RAC[,
GAINFUL WORKERS 10 G(N[RAL l"Ol'ULATIOO lt)O CLASSlrl[D IT occu,u10•.·
SU, AND ALL
ATLUTA, GEOl!Gll
C05US
19 )0
OCQJl'AT ION
Total -ortrer-s rtDOrting :
A9ricuhure
=~t
Iii.Al[
F'eniiers l(Jllll'ners end ttMl'ltl) ard fam . .nagers
F11n,i I bortrt
IJD.152
100.0
19 ,
100.0
4,781
0.5
0.1
3.)
•.8
1.2
2.1
0.1
3.2
o.,
Fishing and forestry•
Bllters
81eckl'llths, forg_,.,, and hllffllll:f'1"!'1en
100. 0
WALE
f &W.E
I, 7!11 6.ZIO
100.0 100.0
6,867
100.0
5.8
Ll
0.6
0.1
0.5
FEMALE
,.1
1.6
O,)
0.2
0. 1
0. 3
2,. 7
27 .,
51.•
0.3
0. 1
0.2
0.3
0.)
0.2
Ewtr-.ctlOl'I of t1lnerahc
M.anufa:turlng a1'd lftKhanical industries
NfGCIO -,,:, OTHO:
a41 TE
TOT AL
o.,
o.,
Bol ltt"Nllers
Bric• and stone llll..sons and tile layers
&Jl1dif'Q con t ractors
0.1
0.5
0.3
1,5
0.2
).2
0.6
Carpe11ters
Oressmokers. se.,..,trHNS, and •I 11 lners
Clectl"ic lens
I. 7
0.8
0.6
2.8
7.8
o.,
, 0.2
)2.0
0 .9
2.1
2.9
0.8
5. 7
0.8
1.5
o.•
Engineers (stationary). c:ranemtl'I, etc.
flrMen (ueept loc.o-otlve and fire depart~\)
o.,
0.2
0.5
0.)
0 .1
1.2
ForMet'I af'd Ort'et"Men (_,.,facturingJ
0.5
0.2
0,7
0.1
0.7
0.5
1.5
fumac.-n • .,.1 ter,,i,en, heaters, and puddlers
luc:JlinhU, llltrrlgh\s, tool•ilers, and Git Mtters
Mana r and offic ials INnufacturl"9J Md NnUfacturers
lrilachan lcs not othen. lse specified
0.1
0,2
1.•
1.5
0.6
0.1
1.1
,.o
0.6
2.3
0.1
.1
6.)
2.5
O.J
0. 1
6.0
o.,
Painters, 9lazlers, en.elers, etc.
1.2
Paper hangers
PlASttrers and c ~ t fin l &hera
Plun!Nrs and g.is and st ... fl tters
u.,
0.5
1.2
Roofer, and slaters
0.1
0.)
0.7
).5
0.6
Show.ken and cobble r s lnot In factory)
Skilled 910,-l(ers in pr lntingd
Skilled -oflrers not els.Nhe,.. classified•
Struc t ural Iron 1110rkir1
Tai 1ors and t al lor111u
TlnS111lths 11nd cop«>erlffllths
0.2
0.2
o.,
o.,
0. 7
0.8
0.8
0.1
0.2
1.3
2.2
0.7
0.1
0.1
o.,
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
Operat Ives
Bui I ding Industry
Chefllca1 and al I led Indus t ries '
Cl9ar and tobacco factories
Clay. glHs, and stone lndullrit I
Clothing industrlH"
Food And al I IN lndustrlH 1
Iron and stet I, NCh l rwry, etc. Indus rl ,J
Metal il'dustrles, f•cept iron and steel"
leather industrie,
~ , . nd furniture Industries"
Peprr-, prlntl"Q, and al1'ed industrl sl\
Textile lndustries 0
Other 1'\111,_,facturlng ■ nd not specified industries'
Laborers
ituildlng , geMral. a.nd not 1i:,ec;lfied indust ries
0,1r11lcal and al lled industries '
Clay, glass, al'ld stone lndustrles9
Food and al I ied Industries
Iron and stNI, lftl!IChlnery, tlc, lndu1tdesJ
L..&Moer and furniture lnc1u1trles•
Other ,,.nufacturll"IQ inc,ustrles q
0.3
o.,
0.1
1.2
0.2
12.0
5,7
0.5
0.2
0.1
1.0
1.,
0.6
1.0
0.9
0. 7
0.8
o.,
0.1
0.1
1.8
0.2
0.2
0.2
0 .8
0 .3
0.3
1.6
1.6
0.8
0.1
0.1
o.,
1.0
0.1
0.3
1.2
0.2
0.1
5.3
1.J
10,3
2.1
0.6
0.8
0.1
1.0
2.2
0.3
2.)
o.,
1.3
6. 2
0.3
0.3
0. 1
0.1
0.6
o.,
o.,
o.,
8.5
10.7
13.9
Otauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Or-ayr.ien and t . . . ter,
2.3
0.3
5.11
0,3
7.2
0. 6
Garage 1a borers
Laborer, for trvck, tr nsftr-, and cab c01panl11, and hostle rs
u.boren, roed and 1trNt
0.1
0,1
0.1
0.2
0 .6
0. 1
0. 6
, .11
21.7
tra.nspartatlOf'I u . o. 1
Longshorer,en and stevedores
SI 11 on . deckhands. and boatmen
W.t ■ r
Road ud 1trNl tr.,,spor t at ion cs .o. I
Sra.ktnen (,t.,..
0.5
0 .1
1.0
o.,
u.o
0.6
0.4
0.)
2.9
11.0.1
Basa;av--n, freight agents, ticket
Bol1er washers and engine hostler,
r allro■dJ
&nd
at tlon qnll
0.5
0 .1
0.3
Railroad transportation
0.1
o.,
0. 1
2.2
0. 4
1.0
o.,
1. 2
LO
Transportal ion and cCWWft.lniCat Ion
1.0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0.3
0. 1
0.2
DiQ1t1zed by
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0,3
APPBNDII C
Toh l)-VllllPLOTEO
■OIIKEIS o■
111
ULIEF IIAY lt)4 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION, UC[, UO SEX, UO ALL
GAIIFUL WOIUIS I ■ GUllAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED 1Y OCCUPATION,•
ATLAIIU, GEOIIGIA=Coll1Ho4
ror"'Tr-tlO<tatl.., 11111 -lcatl.., lcontlnuedJ
lllllroed t,...ID"'tltion ••••• I tcGfttil'IIUN)
CoNluctors 1,1. . . 8ftd 1treet rei lrOlldsJ 111d MIi cOflduetora
FOl'Wlafl Md.,.,...,..
......
..._11.. ..,.1-.
--
UC.-tiwe fit'Wlllft
,-lie-. f l _ , .,..
1•-
C.,,,... • t • radio. tel ...... Md tel . .ra!llh ••••· t
111..- _ . , , .,.,,.... - " • 11111 rail- •11
i.,.,.....,
IIIU carrlera
Tel.....,. ...
11Toi-,,..,.._.
Tel-,...., 11111 ndio _.ton
Tel--eton
,.......
.
OIiier t._i.11., 11111 -lcatl..,
........
.,.,...,.
cl•"'•
,..,...1,,
"-letors 11111 _ , . ,
T,_
1....•
_1,,,._..
C.0-.rcial trwe1en
Dltliwe,.,..n
n-111on. f..,.., Md 1-t•rs
, _ , _ . 11111 ,_, Nieto-''• _ , . , Ml offlclal1
_,.
"'"°"
. . IT£
MAU
.
0.1
1.0
0.1
0.2
O.J
0.)
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
O.J
0.8
17.4
0.2
0.9
1.0
0.2
1.8
•
O.J
0.2
o.,
.-
0.1
-
,..lie ....,Ice
1.9
Profn•i-1 •twice
Actorslllll-
6.1
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.)
1.5
0.6
"-letor1 I - '
llllal1c1Nlors
s.,- ......1 _
Othar •raulta I" trade•
Archltecta, _ , . .,., mft-. Md l11Weotora
Artl1t1, aculptora. IN t11ehen of art
.._lei.,.. Md teachera of ••ic
T-.
TtcMical Oflll-.
Traioed ,_,_.
OIiier .... fH1i-l ,..,_,ita•
S-1,rof... ionel ..,,...it ■•
·•-•1111111e1...-.
o.,
2.)
0.4
0.)
- ........___
-ticn-leorwice
- . . . llalrd-n, n -lcurlata
25.5
1.0
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.2
............. ,.,.1,. - '-"'"
lootblaclla
.....,
llwator t . - .
......._
...........
llllal -
,_. _
_,.,. 11111 _ , .
J.,ltonlllll-i-.ereraaodl _ _ _ lllOI
I• 1-ryJ
i-ry 11111 dry cl-11111 - . . - " • lfld . .ratiYN
l'brlera (peapt i• ato,...J
l'rectlca1 ..,,...
Sitrvant'1
...,..11.-
a,itera
Ot...
o.a
..,....,.,... caatiief"'I, and IICCOUftt.ants
J.O
Clen, not el.....,.• cl . . ifitd
- . _ , .,,...., 11111 office...,, n
11111 typiats
,_,_
___
,,_
....
9lrh
1.,
0.2
J.J
0.4
•.5
-
---
-
--0.2
---
17.2
17.9
I.)
-
-
0.7
5.5
0.5
0.2
0.)
0.2
-
-
..,
o.,
-
--
-0.4
-
9.1
0.1
0.1
-
0.1
-
1.5
o.. 4
1.0
-
1.9
0.1
0.1
2.6
0.3
0.3
4.1
0.9
1.8
--
-
--
O.i
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
o.,-
--
0.2
o.,
0.1
0.2
0.4
40.9
0.5
).7
1.2
0.2
•
0.4
0.)
--
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.6
1.8
0.8
6.9
IA.1
-
-
0.1
o.,
2.0
1.2
0.5
11.6
I.)
0.2
IA.8
1.6
LO
I.I
O.J
4.5
-
O.J
1.2
0.7
2.9
9.4
e.1
),1
7.2
1.3
O.J
•
Clerical - 1 1 ...
.,._._ col lactors, 11111 cndlt -
9t_,.,.,.,..
0.7
-
0.2
11.5
0.1
1.0
1.5
I.I
0.)
0.2
1.0
3.0
I• 1terNJ
mall c1Nler,J 1
F9'AL.(
--
11. 7
•
MAL[
0.5
0.2
I.I
0.2
).5
0.2
0.5
FDtM.[
----
0.1
O.J
0.4
0.6
O.J
0.1
0.9
0.1
1.5
0.1
1.0
).2
1.0
0.5
.._..,. l111CI-
ltEGililO ,_.D OTHEA
TOTA&.
0.)
0.1
0.7
0.)
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.)
I-tor,
Other """""'
RELIEF 19J4
CENSUS
19,0
OCQJPATIOII
---
-
o.,
0.4
2.1
0.4
0.8
15.6
o.e
-
--
0.4
0.4
2.0
0.2
24.)
,.e
o.,
O.i
,.,•
0.)
0.5
1.)
0.1
1.1
0.1
0.2
-
-
0.7
111.4
0.2
92.5
0.2
- o.,
0.2
- 0.2
J.1
. --
-0,5
0.1
0.4
2.8
1.0
-
0.4
0. 7
o.,
1.2
0. 7
--
5.4
2.5
-
-
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
-
..-,
111.~
0.4
,.1
0.1
6).9
0.7
5.0
1.0
17.1
1.1
0.5
o.,
2.4
0.6
2.9
0.2
5.1
1.2
2.1
4,1
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.2
11.1
-
0.1
u.,
-
-
Digitized by
-
-
-
-
-o.,-
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
112
Table 13-UNE•PLOY(O #ORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOM,•
BALTIMORE, MARYLAND
OCCUPATION
RELIEF
CENSUS
19}0
TOTAL
TOT Al
IMLE
Total ,aoorkers reporting:
Numoer
Percent
Agriculture
Far"'!'rs (CMneors and tenants I and farm 191!11N!l9ers
Farm laborers
Fishinij and forHlryb
362,072
100.0
0.4
0.1
0.3
.
•0.838
100.0
1.2
0.2
1.0
0.4
....
.. ,TE
NESRO AIID OTtEl
FSMLE
17,402
100.0
1.2
0.2
1.0
0.3
... LE
3,892 11,816
100.0 100.0
1.9
0.5
o.s
0.1
1.8
O.B
-
F-LE
1,ns
100.0
0.2
-
0.2
-
0.1
0.4
0.5
-
o. 7
-
38.3
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.3
41.9
0,4
0.5
0.2
0.9
0.1
SS.4
0.6
1.0
0.4
2.1
0.2
47.8
0.4
43.1
o.s
6. 7
1,7
0.6
0. 7
0.9
0.4
2.2
0.1
0.6
o. 7
I.I
4.7
Managers and officials (rnanufactyring) and •nufacturers
lilech!ln1cs not other-win specified
0,9
0.1
1.7
1.3
I.I
o.s
0.3
0.6
0.2
1.3
0.9
0.3
1.2
o.5
Painters. glAZiers, enaaeler:.. etc.
Parii-r hangers
P1utertrs and cenant finishers
Plumoer1 and gas And ltffffl f itter1
Roofers and slaters
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.1
2.4
0.3
1. 7
1.0
5.4
0,6
1.9
o.,
o. 7
Sh0111111,kers and coboler1 (not in factory J
Skilled aiorkers in printingd
Skilled worken not else-here classified•
Structural iron workers
Tai I ors ano tai loresaes
Tinanitns and copper1111iths
0.2
0.9
1.3
0.1
1.6
0.3
0.2
0.4
1.3
0.1
o. 7
0.5
1.0
2.S
0.3
1.4
1.0
Operat ivH
Bui laing industry
Chetnical I.I'd al I ied lndustriesf
Cigar an1 tooacco factories
Clay, glass, ano ston. industries&
Clothing industries"
1
Food and allied industries
0.1
o.4
0.1
0.3
3.3
1.0
o.,
0. 7
0.2
o.s
3,6
2.2
0. 7
0.6
0.2
0.6
1.4
1.4
22,7
7.9
1.6
0.6
0.3
0,4
0.4
0.4
3.1
1.9
I.I
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.6
I. 7
3.2
1.S
1.0
0.7
0.6
0.6
2.5
3.2
I.I
0.4
1.8
2.5
s.o
0.1
0.4
3,2
0.9
0.3
0.4
1.8
0.1
1.7
5.2
o. 7
0.2
0.4
1.,
0.1
0. 7
2.3
0.1
1.8
0.2
0,6
---
14.6
2.3
0.8
1.3
2.3
0.2
1.1
9.7
13.5
15.3
2.2
2).6
---
0.9
0.8
1.6
0.3
0.6
0.2
-
4,8
0.6
-
2.7
0.2
0.1
0.1
0,5
S.4
0.4
0.1
o.,
1.5
6.3
0.4
Extract ion of 111ineralsc
Manufacturing and ri,ec.hanical industries
Bakers
Blac.k5111itns, torgs,ien,
and h. . . . men
Soi lemekers
Br icM and stone masons ana ti le layers
Building contractors
Carpenters
OresStl\akers,
se.wnstresus,
and 111i
11 iner1
Electricians
Engineers (stationary}. crane,ien, etc.
Fi retntn (except loc0110t ive and fire Clepart1'1tnt)
Foremen and a,,erseers (IMl'IUfacturing)
Furnacerwn, sneltermtn, he•t•rs. and pudd1ers
Machinists, mi I I wrights, tooll'llekers, and die setters
Iron Ind stNI, machinery, etc. inouatrie,.;
llletal industries, except iron ano steel.,
Luther inoustries 1
Uolllber and furniture industrie..
Paper, printing, and allied industriea"
Text i It industries0
Other m&nufacturing and not specified lndu1trie1P
laborer,
~~~~~•
::~T:~
~nd:!r~::'fified Industries
Clay, glass, and stone indystrin•
Food aod al I ied industries
Iron and steel, 11111,chinery, etc. indu&triea-l
lumber and furniture industries•
Other ,aanufacturing induatrieaq
Transportation and cowa,nication
••ttr transportation 1•.0.1
longshorenen and stevedores
S.i I ors. deckhands, and boatnien
Roao and street tran1portat Ion I s.o. J
Cnauffeun Md truck and tractor drivers
Dra)'INn and t..,.,ters
Garage laborers
laborers for truck, transfer, and cab ccnpanie1, and hostlers
laborers, road and strNt
Railroad transportation u.0.1
~gagecaen, freight a9ent1, ticket and station agentl
Boiler •ashers ana eR9ine h06tlers
Brakemen (stoani rai 1road)
0.1
•
0,2
.
0.1
0.2
Digitized by
-
I.I
1.4
1.2
2. 7
2.2
-
0.1
-
-
-
0. I
-
0.9
1.0
-
-
0.3
1.9
0,4
0.5
o. 7
0.2
-
o. 7
-
-
o.s
O.•
-
-
0.4
-
-
0.1
3.3
0.4
0,4
--
0.6
0.1
0.8
-
-
-
0.1
--
-
0.2
1.5
0.4
0.6
0.7
1.9
--
0.7
-
--
0.3
2.1
-
0. I
0.1
0.5
---
Google
1.7
0.4
0.1
0. 7
-
9.5
0.7
0.2
0.8
2.3
-.
0. I
-
-
3.4
1.6
-
0.2
o.s
-
0.6
----
-
APPBNDU C
r.. 1.
113
l)-UIICIIPLOY[O 90HERS 01 RElllF IUY 11),t CUSSIF 1(0 IY OCCUPATl()tl, RACE, 4"0 SCI , UO ALL
GAIIFUL WORKERS II GENERAL ,OPULAflOI 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPAIIO!I , •
IALflWOAC.
111tAfYUIO-Co11&(11 ■ td
OCCUP'ATION
ClNSUS
19JO
TOU.l
AELl(F
TOTAL.
IOAL[
Tu,1100,tat1on MO coaa,niution leant inuedJ
'h1ilr1Md tr"n"""'t"t•on 1a.o.1 (cont 1nuatJ
Conauctors Isle. . ¥Id strNt ra1 lr011d1J MO ovs conch,ctors
Forallltft.,,., o,e, ... rt
Laoorers
ltiitc:110t1ve ~
'"" ' '
l«~t•w• l,r.-.n
lbto,_
»o it cl"IIW'I ,
fl.,....,
Md
,.,.-.,i
E.apres.s, OOlt, ,--,io, telepftcne, Md tel-eraoh ts.0.1
C..pr•s eeents . . . ,,...., ...,.._., • • .,.., ,.,1 .., • ii clef'llt
W. il carr iers
fel•~.,., t•levr-" 1,,_,
fe levu• ..,..,..n
fel~r•oh eno rao,o ooeraton
felect1c:in. Ol)erator1
01.her transo,ortat,on end cc,a,nication DUrtuiU
for-.a and o,e,. .ra
l"ID«tort
UDorert
Proor,etof"'I
,no
,.,_,.,'Ir
OU'9f OtC\o!Clal IOl'IIS
T,_
Altwen •••no 19"'t1
Coaen: •• I t ,.,. ler1
Otl i~,,..,.
FIOOl"Wallaer1, for_,_, end ir,s pec t ort
1,.urwce ltld rMI Htatt -,.nu , -.nagers , #Id off ic1 al1
Luorl't1 I i nt 1-.., oorur1 in 1tornJ
-o,•
l'Topri•ton (.-:cept reUil 0Nler1J 1
lleta i l diealers
s.1....,. .,._, seleW01191"1
OU-.r SMrk.l i U in tr-,."
,_I ic 1erv ice
,..ofeutOl"oll Mt"Vic•
ltt:.torl and I l l ~
An:hitecu. oe1 igner1, dnftllll9fl, aNI , ,...,entor1
An i1U. 1eulet1or1, etld tHChen of art
"'-tic 1at1.1 ano tNChen of 11111ic
fNC ... rl
TtieMical et19inar1
Trained ,_.,,n
Ott1er profns ional pur1wit1•
S.. iprofeH,onel pursw1t1•
AttetldaftU and helper1
Oc:latttic and perton11I Mrvice
lar11rer1, M i rdrnMrt , Ind _, icur i1U
e.n,ing MCI lodg i"9 howH kaPlrl
lootblac:11.1
Ch.,...... and ct..,..,,
Elewatot'
t.,.,.,
Motel #Id re1tauran1 keeP1ra and -.nai,ers
Hou.....,_n encl ,t ... ros
Jani ton and en:ton1
0.5
0.1
0.6
0. 2
Q.I
0.3
0.1
0.2
Q.2
0.5
0.1
-
0.1
-
0. 2
0.1
0. 1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0,1
0.2
0.2
0.5
o.•
0.2
1.0
9.5
11.3
0. 1
0. 2
0. 1
.
o.e
o.e
0.2
~-9
0.1
0.5
O.•
0t ...,
,U'11fit1•
Cler ic.al CIICCY"t iona
col lec:tor1. etld credl1. _,.
.....,.,., ~ief"I, and IICCOUtltantl
not ellelllhere cla11if ie>d
.......,., errand, and off ice boJ• and 9irh
Stllf'IOlr•...,.. Md t1ti1u
...,t,,
c,.,.._
3.•
-
0.2
0,3
-
1.0
1.0
-
-
-
2.2
-
-
0,5
0,2
-
0.•
-
~.8
10.5
0.9
-
-
-
0.•
-0.6
-
1.9
0.2
0.1
1.3
).1
0.7
1.1
0,5
0.2
).9
0.6
12.5
2.2
2.5
LI
1.9
-
5.8
0.1
0.3
0.1
1,5
2.2
0.J
0.2
-
o.•
0,3
0. 2
,..
o.•
-
0.4
o.•
0.1
0.2
0.5
1.0
2. 1
0.5
0.3
•
0. I
0.1
0.2
0. 2
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.3
u.5
0. 8
0.2
0.1
0.J
0.2
25 . 8
O, J
4. 7
0,4
0.1
0.8
0.5
0.1
0.2
O.•
0. 1
0.1
0.9
0.1
2.•
0.2
0.1
0.4
0. 1
-
0. 3
1.8
1.0
0.5
15 .•
1.e
0.6
0.1
0. 5
1.2
0. 7
0.1
4.7
0.2
0.6
2.8
0, 7
7. 2
0. 5
0.8
1. 5
o.•
6.9
I.I
0.1
11.8
o.e
2.1
6.5
o.•
2.2
-
.
o.•
0,1
-
-
-
•••
L4
0.1
-
0.1
-
1.2
0.1
0.9
•-3
5.5
0.5
2.,
-
-
FEMALE
-
0.1
1.0
0.5
. ,,.,.
-
0.5
1.2
0.1
-
1.0
o.•
lauftderef"I .,., lewnd ... lNS (not in laundry)
'°"'.,., ,.,••
.
MALE
0. 1
1.2
Laundry Md dr1 cleanine - r a . ..,-een , end operat ivH
t ,n atorea)
Practic•I ,.,, ...
Servants
1.5
NEGRO ANO OTHER
~(MALE
0.3
0. 1
0.5
0. 7
0. 1
1. 2
.._.,.
0.1
,.,.
a41TE
-
--
2.•
0.1
-
--
-
Q.2
5.3
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.5
0.8
0.2
-
0.2
0.)
0.8
-
0 .6
0.3
I.)
0.2
-
--
--
0.2
0.7
-
-
0.1
0.1
0.1
18.J
17.1
90. 7
0.4
1.2
0.1
1.2
3,2
-
1. 7
0. 2
2, 2
-
0. 8
3.3
0.2
1.e
6.J
o.e
-
-- 0.1- o.,
o.•
1,3
1.8
J.5
-
1',0
2.2
8.6
-
3.2
--
-
0.2
-
-
-
0.2
0.5
0.5
-
12. 5
5.8
o.,e.•
2.8
1.8
-
0. 9
0. 1
o.•
0.4
-
0.2
-
0.2
-
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
hole 13-UNEMPLOYED •Otu£RS 011 RELIEF HY 19)' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RAC[, AND SEX, AND ALL
GAl~FUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL l'OPULATIOII 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
l[NTON HARIOfl, MICHIGAN
R[Ll(.F 1954
118i1110 Mm Ol'IB
WMITI
CCCUPATIOIII
TOl'AL
Toul -,rllers report 1ng:
Aericul ture
Fenwrs (oaners
ten...t1J
fa,.. aanaeers
..,
652
154
133
100.0
100.0
ICIO.O
100
100.D
65
1110.D
1.5
3,8
13,0
10.8
2.0
11.D
10.8
1,1
filhi"li! #Id foreatrr•
0.9
7.5
0,5
htraction of •ineralac
I.I
1.1
3.0
'7.0
l•er1
0,3
llack,aiths. for,-rt • .-. h-rwn
1e,1.,...,.
0,5
57.7
0.&
0.&
end
and
Fam laborers
,3.,
lilllnufacturint end aedwlical inaustries
C...r,et1ters
0r-.....-.,a. . . . .,,......
and ■ ii
liners
£lec.tric1an1
Enetnnrs {1tatieMr1J, c,....,... ate.
Fir--, (eacept lacaolive ll'td fin depart...tJ
o.e
1.,
o.&
1.2
2.3
1.7
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.,
0.3
lf-1cli. ane1 stone IIMOlla and tile la,en
Building contractOf"'I
1.,
0.8
2.5
o.&
0.1
0.9
0.5
1.8
0.3
flainten., tluiers, tn-lera, etc.
Paper haneer1
Pl•terers and c...,., finiNrs
Pl..._rs And gu lr'IO ,t... fitters
Rooter• Md slaters
0.2
I.I
0,5
0.1
....,,acturing)
~
,.,..,.,..
•t•rs
2.)
Sha.Nker1 aid coMlera (not In fectery)
Ski I IN .orkert in ,rlnti,...
Skilled -,rker1 "Dt el....,. clualfiee1•
o.,
Structural iron 'IIOMlera
Tai Iors .,-ld lei loresHs
Tin•itns and copper•ith1
0.5
0.2
3.8
,.,ng
()peratiwes
lui
indlil1try
Chanlical .,. al I ied iMuatrinf
Cigar 11"11 tabacco f•U•i41
Clay, glass • .,.. as.•• i,...1trint
Clothing indystrles"
Food ana al I ied induatrl"'
0.1
0,5
0.1
2.0
l.Norers
luildi119, 9ener1l, and not apacified indu■ Vi"
Ch•iul and al I ied inow1trie1f
Clay. glus, Md atone inowstri ■ sg
Fooc:1 ~ al I ied industriH 1
Iron and stNI, fUCl'linery, etc. industri..,l
LYiaber and furnitur"9 indlfatrie.Otner 1U11Ufath1ring industrinllll
Tr1nsportat ion
.wi
c~ic1t ian
••·•·J
#ater transpgrt11tion
LonqShorMen .-ld 1tevatores
Sailors, ded,hns. olfld bolt111en
lfoad and 1treet transportation t1.o.1
Cnauffeurs and truck Md tractor drivers
Oraymeo and teaasters
~r sge ·I aborers
Laborers for truck, transfer, and cao conipanies, an:lhostlers
laborers, rOftd eno sHeet
Rai I roa:i transpcrtation 11 .0.1
Bag!ilagenen, freight agents, t 1tket
Soi ler •"'-"riers .and engine hoat lers
Brake.en (ste.n rai I road)
anc1
,.6
1.2
1.5
1.0
2.0
1.7
0.8
3,C
,.,
0.8
0.3
D.8
0,3
0,3
2.0
t.0
2.0
o.&
,.o
5.1
0.8
0.8
0,3
0.&
0.7
0.3
).0
0,6
Iron and SlNI. 11&hi,...y. etc. industri..,J
Metal industri•. •ca,t iron.,.. 1twl 11
leather industri•'
l.uaber MIO turnitwre ina,stri..Paper, pr1nli"'IJ. Ind allied indllatr-in"
Textile 1ndustriH0
Other ---..hc1wring and ,., ~ i fied iMldlrin'
I.&
I.I
0.1
0,)
lt,d ~
furqc~, _ , IM!Mft,_ ...... rs,
1.0
2.8
khinists, •i 11•itata, ._.....,.,, aid di•
llan... r1 arid officials (...,hct•ri"9) _. .... t11eturers
kftanics not othenriN ..,.itied
Foraen
1.0
0,3
t.0
7.1
0.8
1.C
1.,
2.2
3,7
c.o
1.5
3.8
5.0
0.3
o.&
3-5
C.3
0.2
0.2
0,3
12.3
I&.,
0.2
0.)
5.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
8.2
,.o
6.D
7.0
8.0
0,3
0.1
21.D
,.o
0.3
1.0
,.o
0,3
).I
D.2
0.3
0.5
15.0
stat ion agenh
Digitized by
1.0
Google
APPBNDIX C
115
hole 1)-Ull[lll'I.OYEO -•[RS 01 R[U[r IIU 1934 ClASSlrl[O 8T OCCUPAT 101, RACE. AID SEX, uo All
,.1.ruL -•[RS II Cl ■ [UL ,OPULAIIOII 19J0 CLASS IF IEO 8T OCCUPAI 10•.•
IC.TC>tl HAII0A, MICHIGA•-co .. ,, .... d
-~==========c=======------ ---=-
- - - --
- - - - - - - - -- -·- - - -
·-~·. . ~,er.
lt[l l[F
CU'SU'S
1e,o
CCCUIMTI-
TOTAL
TOTAL
Tra.,iortelion f t C~•c•tion lc•t•....,J
la,lroee tra,iaportat,on .... ., (cont,,.,..}
'°"'°"''°"
l•t••
ro,........ o.e,...,.
Met 1trNt ra1lrOM1) -'d 1111 c.onduc.tort
UIOOl"•r•
l.oc.o.:,t,"""'i"'"rs
...,_
0,1
0.)
0.5
0.1
Lcc.-,t iwe fir...,.,
S.,cc....,, t1.,..,. . .,..
C..!H'eu.
,et"_,.
bPf'.u .,...u,
lllill i I ,.,.rien
• .,.... ...........,,
.... ..........,.
,
IN
rail-,.
!lllMO HO OfN£•
~
~I
0.3
~:~
I
=
O. )
,utl cl•,••
telev,._.. I,,_.
arwc1
,
19'4
.,..,n
r•ho, · · • ~. . . . Lei . . , ....... . . ,
OOll ,
TelllflflOne
0.1
I
0.)
0.1
0.6
0.)
Telegr• 9'ld ra1110 o,erators
0.8
0.1
T e l ~ OPl'f'•tors
Ott\ff tr~rtation 1nc1 c~1cati• ,..,..,ill
ror.-.n ... ow......,.
0.)
0,6
7.1
8. 2
0.2
0, 5
0.8
O. J
0.6
lnsNC.ton
Lao,ers
flr""ietor1 and ,......,.,,
Ot,...,. occupa1
,o,i,•
r,_
.._,,,,;"9
C.-.~ i •I tr..,.lers
Del tve,.,.....
floor•ll.er1, for.-.n, ano 111qi«t.,..
lnwr.-ce .-'Ct real Hlate .,enu, _ . . , , • .,.. off1c1.1ls
ta.,.,,
-..
l f ncltilCIN Nrters ,n 110,. . J
fltr.,-1eton l••cwt retail ctealenJ 1
a.t a1 I oeal•r11
Sa
arW1
Ot~r p.,rs..iits ,n \rao."
I.,,_..
NI•__,
0.7
0. 2
0. 2
0.7
4.1
0.2
0.)
1,1
o. 7
3-•
11.3
O.J
0.1
1,1
1.2
1. 7
0.1
O.)
0.2
0.)
0.5
0.1
0,2
0,J
lctors91dlhoalan
Arcrtitec:t• . ctes•vners. draft.....,,,, 8111d inwatlors
Art,it,, K-.lptors, ano teacher• of an
MCI
tachers of
IIWIIC
Tcrin,c.al enrti,....,s
Tra11\ed nurMs
Ott1er profenional purauill..,
S.i profns i onal .,._,...,it 1•
Att.,.,.,h .-Id Nlpera
0.7
0,)
0.6
22.8
a.n.rs. N i rdrnNr1. a,,o a1n1c11ri111
0.9
2,8
1.1
'°""'"' "°""
IMnliftt and
looUalacka
Ch.,,_,. Md cleW11tf"a
( Iewator tienoan
i...,.n
0. )
,..,.,,ai1t
0. 2
Ja, i tora .,.. s.,;tona
Laa,.,..
0.2
uwoef'er1o Md 1..,....,..... lriot in la.Mry)
0.6
la,nd'J ar'ld Ort cle..,1"9 oa'!efS, . . , , . , . . and operatiwH
I.)
Ptlirtera le:cept
1n
atorH)
"act ical iwr ...
... t.,,
OtMr .,,..,iu•
Cleric.al oc.c11patio,a
51.0
0.1
1.5
1).0
1.0
0,)
0,3
0.3
1.2
16.1
89. 2
1.5
1.5
~- 2
"i,tel 11t10
lleepers Md . . . . , . ,
Ho.I . . . .,. and .,. .r-o,
S.rvanta
1.5
0,8
perwonal Nrvic•
.,..
1.0
I.I
0. 3
Prof•sio,al wrwice
Doat1t 1t
1,0
0,)
,..lie Mt'w•c.e
·•iti.,.,
fa&,_,,
12. 0
~u
,.s
•.s
,.s
6.2
).I
2,0
}5.2
1.S
0.8
0.)
2.6
1. 7
6.8
2.0
0.8
1. 0
1. 1
o.a
2.2
).8
2.0
9.0
1.0
).1
70. 7
).I
Ageflts, coll.ctors, Wd neo i t ._...
cahiers , ~ ettGUl'l\11'1\a
Cl~rlla not el...,.,e classified
lltaNngrtr. errlfld, MO off,ce 001• and 9irh
S1--.,.,..re f t l1pi1tl
Boolt..._rs .
0. 8
o;6
...............,.
,.,,
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIBF
116
Table IJ-UNEWPLOYEO •OUERS ON RELIEF IIAY 19)• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AID All
GAINFUL •ORXERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
BILOXI, MISSISSIPPI
_,
CW::C\.NtATION
RELIEF
CEIISUS
1950
TOTAL
TOTAL
,.,.
WHIT£
FEIMLE
1,111
100.0
516
100.0
297
100.0
2.0
0.)
I. 7
2.)
0,6
1.7
0,3
18.0
)6.6
-
-
•8.0
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.2
4'.2
I.)
0.2
0.2
5.6
Engineers (stationary). cranemtn, etc.
F'ir..,.n (excl!'Ot I oc01110t i we and fire departflll9ftt J
2.9
0.9
0.4
D.5
0.1
For.,..n and overse,,rs (,..nufecturinlJ)
0.1
Total tt0rkers reporting:
Percent
,
Agriculture
Farner, (011tWrs and ,.,_.ntsJ and ,.,.. 1111inatt:rs
Fa,,. I aborer'S
F' i YI i ng and for-est ry•
E,rtrKt ion of •ineralsc
Wllnuhcturing and 1111tehanical industries
O.kers
Rlacks,,iiths, for"Qe"ltft, and hannen111n
Boi ler.kers
9rick and stone 1111.sons and tile layers
Building contrl'lcto"'
C.roente,....
OressrMkers, ....,, ruses, and 111i fl i ners
El.ctricians
Furnacfl'llltn, ,n,elte,,.,,, heaters, and puddler,
lachini1ts, fllill•right'S, toollftl.kers, and die Htters
-
-
o.,
o.,
o.,
-
1.0
1.0
0.6
-
-
0.8
0.2
1.9
Managers and officials ,,,.nufachring) and 1111nufact..rera
lillch1nics not otherwise specified
0.1
0.9
Painters, glaziers, .,,...1,rs, etc,
Pa~r hangers
PIHterers and cement finishers
Pl '-"lbers and gas •nd at.- fit ter1
Sh>ofers and alaters
1.8
2.5
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.9
-
-
o.,
--
Shoeffle,lu,rs •~ cobblera !not in factory)
Skilled worke-rs in printing11
Skilled workers not elSNhere classified•
Structural iron worker1
Tailors and tailorHse1
Tin9111ith1 and copper9111ith1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
-
-
0pe,-11t ives
Bui I ding industry
Chelaical and al I itd industrle1'
Cigar and toblcco factorlH
Cl11y, gl1s., and stone indust,-iest
Clothing induttrin,.
Food and •I I led induatriet 1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
27.)
1).5
0.2
0.,
0.2
0.2
0.2
Jn:,n and ltffl, NChl,..ry, etc. industrinJ
Metal induttries, except Iron and stN1 111
Leather industries 1
Ll.lllber and furniture industrl11111
l>,iper 1 printing, 11nd all led lndultrles"
Textile industriH0
Other "9nufacturing and nut sNClfied inda'ltrles'
Laborers
Buildi"9, genet'III, and not specified lndustrln
Ch•ical and al I ied industrie1f
c·1.,., glass, and stone industri,~9
Food and a11 ied industries 1
Iron and steel, 1111Chinery, etc. industrleaJ
Ulllber and furniture industries•
Other nanufacturing industriesq
Tran1port11t ion and cOIMl.lnlcat ion
•ter t ransoortat ion I•· o. I
Longshorenieon and 1t1Yedo,.t
S.ilors, ded:hands, and boatmen
Road and street transportation 1a.o, I
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Ora,.,.n and te111111ters
Garage Laborers
Laborers for truck, transfer. and cab cONP9nin, and'hostlers
Laborers, road and street
~--
'
-
-
-
-
-
0.2
0.5
4.8
-
0.1
2.1
-
-
--
-
1.2
5,4
).9
..,.
IIIEGIIOA•DGne
IMLE
-
FDML£
1'2
156
100.0 100.0
,.9
1.3
-
,.9
-
7.B
-
-
-
76.1
•8.6
6.•
-
-
2. 7
-
---
---
-
0. 7
n.,
---
O.)
--
-
o. 7
-
2.8
-
0.1
).5
o. 7
-
5.0
0.1
2.8
-
1.0
-
-
5.8
8.)
o. 7
13.•
0.1
0,)
0.2
0.6
-
-
2.9
0.)
•• 6
-
1.0
-
-0.7
--
--
-
-
--
-
Railroad transportation la.0.1
freight agents, t lcket and stat Ion agents
Boiler •thers and envlne hostlers
Brak.-en 1st..,. railroad)
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1,3
-
--
1.3
-----
-
--
- - - - 5.17.8
--- -0.1
- -- 17.6
- 0. 7
2.B
-1.4
0.7
--
0.6,
0.1
-
-
0.)
,..
2.1
-
-
,.9
---
-
---
-
APPENDIX C
117
Table 1)-UNEMPLOY(D WORKERS ON RELIEF IIAY 193' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, R•CE, ANO SEX, UO All
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 191~ CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
111 LOX I, MISS ISSI PPI-CoU U••d
CENSU$
OCCUl'ATION
'"""
TOTAL
NEC.RO AND OTHER
llt41TE
TOTAL
*LE
FEIMLE
IML[
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - t - - - - t - - - - t - - c--
FEMALE
Tran,PO,.tat ion and c~nic1t ion (cont inuedl
'lai I road transportation I a.0.1 (cont 1n~d)
Conductors (st•. . •nd strNt r1i I ra.ds) and bus conch,ctors
For.-en and overseers
Loc011mt h,•e
■ng
0.2
0.2
i ,...,.,
o.,
0.6
locCIIIOt iv■ fir...,.
lt)tonaen
S.itchatn. flapirn. and ,anhen
[,rp,-ns, POtt, radio, telepflone, and telegr•h ta.0.1
bprns •~ts, exprns •nengers, and rail•y ••I
Ya, I carriers
Teleohone and telegraph Ii.....,.
Telegn1ph 111e1wnger,Tel~raph tnd rwiio operAtor1
Telephone ooerators
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
o.,
clerr.,
Other transport11t ion and cc,,.nunicat ion pursuits
For-n and overseers
Inspectors
Laborers
Proprietors and •na?9rs"
Other occupations•
Tradt
0.2
0. 7
0.2
0.1
0.2
J.9
,.1
Advertising agents
C:C.-.rc 1 :11 t rave I ers
D!liwer)"lllen
0.J
o.,
Floorwallu,rs, fore,ae,n, and if'tloector,
Insurance and rNI estate •nh, 1111nagers, and officials
0.J
0.6
Laborers I inc1ude1, p0rters in stores)
Newsboys
Proprietors (except retail dNlersJ'
Retai I deal~rs
5a I e1'118n and sa I n.o,wn
Other pursuits in tr~•
o.,
0.1
0.2
2.J
Public service
o.•
o.~
ProfnsiOMI Nr.,ice
1.2
0.9
Technical ert9ineers
Trained nurses
Other profnsional our,uits"
S..iorofessional purauits•
0.1
0.1
0.J
Attendants and helpers
Oo,ant ic and personal service
0.1
0.1
0.2
1.,
2.6
0.7
1.6
0.1
0.6
0,J
19.2
Hote I and restaurant k~rs 11rw1 f'llllllna9ers
Housek~rs and ,t . .rds
o. 7
1.,
2.6
o.•
o.,
'· 7
0.J
0.1
0.8
Barbers, hei rdresser1, and •nicuri sts
Boarding and lodging house kNpers
Bootblacks
Char....,_,, and c1NMt'$
El..,ator tenders
2.8
o.,
2.1
0.2
o.,
0.7
0. 2
0.2
0,J
Actors and s ~
Arch i tectl, designers, draft.,..n, and inventors
Artists. sculptors, and teachers of art
Mu1icians and tNChers of 11Usic
Tuchers
'· 7
o.,
0. 7
13.S
18. J
89. 7
I. J
0.6
0. 3
o.,
o. 7
2.1
Jani tors and N,Ctons
Laborers
Launderers and laundresses (not in l11undry)
o.s
J. 7
o. 7
0. 7
25.0
laundry atld ,:try cl•ani"9 a.nen, •nagers, and OHrativH
Porters le•c~t in storH)
Practical nurses
0.8
2.0
0. 7
2.8
1.J
S.rv11nt1
-iters
Other oursuits •
Clerical occuoat ion1
0.1
o.,
o.s
10. 7
1.7
1.5
Agents, collectors, and credit Nn
0.2
Boold1eeoers, cashif!rs, and accountants
Clerks not else.here classified
o.s
0,6
o.,
I. 7
). 7
o.,
, .•
1.2
,.1
0.2
0.6
2.1
1.0
o.,
o. 7
B.S
2.R
0.6
60.9
lllesM"9er, errand, and office bo1s and girls
Steno;raohers and t,oists
0.2
1.0
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URBAN WORIKRS ON R&LIBF
-•us
OIi l[ltH WAT 113, CUSSlftlO IT OCCUPATIOII. IACl. AID SU, AID .All
Table 1'-UN[WPLOY[O
GAINFUL IORlllS ,. GUUAL POPUlATIDI 19)0 CLASSIFl(O tT occu,u,01,•
IINIIGHMI, ALAIMIA
occu,.u,011
Toul 1JOrii.ers report Ing:
Agriculture
fe,-rs
t011ner1 ~
F.,. laiborer1
-
Ptrcant
,.,..,.ti) and fam ...,...n
20, IJ2
100. 0
,.725
100.0
0. 7
0.2
0.5
2.2
0.5
1,7
0.2
2.2
1.0
1.2
•
2.9
Extract ion of 1ttit11raleC
21. 7
lllnufacturine and 11111ChMical lllduttrln
e-..,,
o.,
o.,
o.,
8lackMtlth1. forg-,., ai'CI h--,fllll'fl
8oile,...,1
Bricli and stone ...ans
&.ii 1di"9 contractors
and
tile la,.n
0.6
o.,
ClrPef'lters
Ores11Mlcer1,
YOYAI.
113,.&5
100.0
IIHIT[
se•stre1M1. llftd •illlnera
[lectriciana
Engineers (1t ■ tlonaryJ. ,,....,., etc .
F'lrlllllft {exc..»t locCIIIOtlwe and fire depert.,.tJ
FD,...., and ower1oNrs t...,.,facturl"IJ
Furnac.-.n, -ltenMft, heaters , ll'rd puddl.,-1
llachinisU, •illllf'ightl, tool,...en, and die Ntter■
IIIM.lv•r• and official& l...,factvri"II and ..,.,factvrers
.-.Chenic1 not otherwi• -,.cifl•
~••rs.
LO
o.,
•
0.1
•
0. 2
0. 2
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0. 2
0.1
o.,
0. 1
2.9
).4
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.2
L7
0.t
0 .)
2.8
.,·
o0.)
1.6
.•
).0
o.:i
0.1
0.4
1.0
1.,
-
-
1.0
).2
I.)
--
2. 6
L2
--
o.•
o.e
9.2
1.0
o.,
1.,
-- 0.8
-
10.8
,.5
18.7
-
• --
lfai I road tr.,sportat ion I a . a , 1
freight age,'lh. t icltet and stet ion
Boiler •shers and engine hostlers
Brakeraen ( stelfl'I rai I road J
0. 1
0. 1
0.2
0. 2
0.2
u
Digitized
).9
-
--
0.6
-
0.2
0.)
0.)
0.1
0.6
, .2
0. 2
0.1
0. 1
1.2
-
------
0.5
10.1
0.1
--
6.5
0.1
--
0.)
-
---
o.a
0.1
0.t
1.5
--
0.)
0.1
).2
0.1
0.6
2.)
0.,
0. 2
0.1
0. 4
-
).)
0.9
0.2
8.8
0.)
1.2
Rold and ttreet trensportal ion 1a . o. 1
Chauffeurs Ind trud1 end tractor driver-a
Ora,-,n and te.stert
Garage I 1borer1
Laborers for truck, transfer , N cab CQ'9CNU"li11, and hotller~
Laborers, road and st reet
agent ■
-
- 0.6
- 0.1
-- 1.4- 0.1
1.7
).5
-- 0.1
- 2.5
o.,
0.)
I. 7
-- 1.0
- I.I0.6
--- 0.I.I1
1. I
-- o.,
- 0.)
0.2
- ,.2
-- 0.1
-- --- 0.1
0.7
- 0.22.1
-
0. )
0. 2
,.1
0. 1
0.8
.. .•
Water transporta t ior, u.o.,
Longsl\orenw:n Mid stevedorn
Sai Ion:, dKkhanda, and IIOatiaen
1.,
,.o
0. 2
0.)
o.,
Transportation and cOIWfl.lnicat ion
-
1.9
2.6
0.2
0.5
1. 5
0.1
0. 1
0.2
0.5
Lab0n~rs
Building, general, and "'Ot SNClfled Industries
Chpical and allied industriea 1
Clay, gL~.,s, and at011e indu1trleal
FooJ and 11\li~ industries 1
Iron ,-\od steel, llll!llchinery, etc. IMustriesJ
LLl!lber and furniture industrieSOther ~ufacturiflg irdustriesill
1.,
6.6
0.1
0.)
L9
o.,
.._,_
2.,
0.9
1.7
0. 1
0.7
0.1
0.1
-
-
-
1.5
2.)
0.1
,.o
-
2.,
'5.5
0. )
I. )
I.a
o.a
21. 1
o.,
0.9
o.,
o.,
O.)
•••
IOO.O 100.0
).7
1.5
55.7
o.,
Shoeialkers Md cNltlers lnot in fec:c.oryJ
Skilled -=irk1r1 in printing41
Steil led woril:ers not.,....._,. clu1ifl_.
Structurtl iron .orken
hilo" lf\d tailoreues
TinS'flittis and coc,per,aith1
,-..:
-
0.5
0.6
I.)
0.6
0.1
~
l,!184
a.2
o.t
I.I
1.)
1.,
--
---
-
o.,
o.,
0.)
Iron end 5teel . IIKhlnery , ale. indu1tr te.,J
1'etal industries, except I ran and 1tNI 111
l.Nther indlfstrles'
u,llber and furn I ture indu1trie ..
prit1t ine , ll"ld al I led lndvltrln"
Textile indostries0
Other ""'31'1ufacluring llftd not spe,ci fi4td lndu1tri11'
,Z.1
0.)
0.5
0.1
I. I
0.2
2,:,15
100.0
,.1
2.)
0.6
0.5
0.8
1.1
0. 1
OperativH
Building industry
O..ical and 111 ied iftdu1trln'
Cigar ll"ld tobacco f.ctorin
Cle,, 9IH1, end ltOM lndu1tr i ...
Clothi"t indu1trln"'
Food ll"ld al lltJCI lftdu1tries 1
,.1
o.,
2. 0
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.)
etc .
Pefnters . glazier,.
Paper h~,.t
Pl•terers and C8JNf'lt finiahe,.,
Ph••rs and 9n and 1t.- f i tten
Roofer, and t 11tef"9
Baiv-•-
~
IIAU:
Filihi"I..., fo,ntry~
•
•uEF 1154
CU1III
1950
YOYAL
-
-
0.1
-
6.2
- 0.7
0.1
-- 0.)
- ).I
-- o.,- o.,
byGoogie
-
0. 1
-
0.6
---
-
----
--
APPINDIX C
Ta~lo
1)-U ■PIPLOTlD
-IEIS
o■
119
lfLIEF HT It)• CLASSIFIED IT DCCUPATIOII, IACE, UD SU, HD ALL
GAl ■fUL -l[IS I ■ GUEIAL l'O,ULAI I 01 1930 CLASS Ir I ED BT OCCUPAT I 01, •
IIIIIIIIGHAII, ALAIAIIA-C.. IIHN
. ,.,
IILII'
Cl"1111
OCQ,l'ATIOI
,OT. .
TOTAL
...
_,
. ,.
,_,
NSN) •D OfNP
,(
FEM.ll.l
...... ,
T'-'■tl••-lcatl•lc_i,_J
.llfllld tr.,...,.-tatlOf'I ••·•• • (contllWlldl
~ton l•t- ttrwt rall,_1 -
F.,..... .... .,.,....,..
..,, c..-ton
~
LDcCIIIOtlvreentlNen
0.7
0.2
1.1
0.5
&Acaoti.,. ,,,.....
o.•
'"It•-· "-· - ,_
0.2
0.1
1111-
i:.,,.o, - • radio, tel...._, -
~ • -1•,
■-
MIii car,-lera
Tel_,_ •
tel ....... ••·•·,
_ . . . , ..i ral I•, • i i cloru
tel"l,.,i, 1 1 -
r.1.,,.. --•
ro1.,,.. radio ...,,ten
r,1...._ •raton
o.•
Ot...,. t,_,.,-tatiCIII .... c_,,.lcatlGR ..,,..flt
F.--,,i 811d
l•.-ctan
...,.,..
"'°'rieton
o,erwer ■
and
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
..,...."r
Other occu,ret lone•
0.J
16.•
Trade
~iting
-..nt•
0.1
ec-n:iel travelers
0.1
0.1
0.1,..,,._
F1oorwalli•rs. for ...... llftd lnepecto"
lt11111rMCe
-.n
__,,,.
and
r•I ntate -..nt1, ..,..rs,
and
officials
(Incl-. -toro I• ■t-1
,,_,ietan face,t rwt•i I dN1e,..J 1
lotall tlelloro
0.1
1.t
I.•
0.1
•••
,..
•
0.1
1.1
o.,
0.5
•
0.1
•-
0.2
o.•
o.•
I.I
0.6
0.1
o.,
0.2
-
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
o.,
0.7
-
1.0
0.J
---
-
--
0.8
0.1
0.1
O.t
0.1
o.•
2.5
Al:ton..i ■Arctlitectt, dNi.,_,.., draft...,,, end lftWantora
0.J
0.1
Ar111t1, eculi,ton, and teechera of art
0.1
. . iciMa .... tNChlr'I of -.le
0.J
0.J
T-horo
2.1
Technical .,.1,...,.
0.1
o. 7
2,0
.........,.,. -
■t-~
Jenltoro ..i - -
'--era
Lwnderara Md 1.,nc1,...... loot In J_,ndr,I
Laundry llftd dry clNftlng CIMIII,., -naoer1, and o,erwtlft&
Parters lec-,t In atoruJ
Pnct lcal nu,..
Servant•
.. iters
Otttier ......,,ts•
St_,.,.,.,. ,_,_____ ,_ ....
t,Piltl
0.6
0.2
11.•
- 7.0-- 0.6
0.2
2.,
0.1
0.8
0.7
-
1.2
-
6.J
1.5
o.,-
0.2
Z.2
-0.2
1.t
o.•
1.5
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.6
0.1
o.,
o.,o.,
-
2.1
21.3
1.0
0.5
0.1
D.I
0.2
~-1
0.6
0.2
0.1
O.)
0.1
2.5
1.2
--
1.5
-
-
0.)
2.4
--
0.J
0.6
).J
0.5
0.1
-
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.)
3.4
0.1
0.2
1.8
0.8
0. 5
9.9
1.0
2.8
0.2
0.8
21.1
1.2
10.1
0.7
2. 7
,.1
0.2
2.,
•• 5
0.2
1.2
1.6
0.J
o.,
0.1
6.5
-
0.J
1.2
-
0.1
0.2
0.2
2.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
o.,
0.2
0.t
0,t
-
o.,-
0.J
o.,
-
•
-
-
2:3.0
0.6
0.1
•
Clerical occu,atlona
Ageftt1, collectors. and credit ..,.
Book...,...., cuh len, and eccountanta
Cloru oot . , _ , . clusllilld
....,..,., errwld. 1111d office tio,1 aftd 9irls
•.2
-
0.1
---
.i..5
0.1
--....
-
-
0.1
1.0
0.9
0.,
1.2
7.1
0.1
Oolllllltic .... Pl,..., Ntvlce
Blrttera. MlrdrHNrw, and ..,..1curlsta
lloardlot and lodlJl"t
Bootblacks
Chaf'WClaaft .-t clNMn
[lewator tende"
Hotel and raet.,,Oftt ....,_,. and _ , .
-
o.o
1.7
Trained 11111rNe
-
0.1
t.9
0.1
0.2
2.5
0.1
0.5
0.1
ProfNtiOfllll Nrvlce
Other ,rof... ional ......,111.,
S..l,rofnalOMI ,-.,_,1ta•
Att- ■ andhel ..ro
-
,.,
--
Mlle Ntvlce
,. 7
o.,-
-
0.2
O.t
-
o.•
ill
,.2
-
---
0.2
o.•
..,,1111
-
--
5.0
0.1
I.I
I.I
0.2
0.2
2.5
5.9
0.6
:ia,-..1tret1e•
Ot...,.
tt
---
-0.J
0.1
7.4
o.•
2.•
J.1
0.6
o.,
0.)
-
o.,
-0.1
1.2
0.7
-
21.7
6.5
0.6
92. 7
0.J
1.5
-
-
,..
2. 7
6.0
-
21.11
0.J
,.a
5.•
1.8
9.6
Digitized by
2.0
0.)
0.2
0.1
0.8
0. 7
0.2
I.J
o.,
-
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.1
-
-
0.1
-
0,J
0.J
0.2
20.1
0.2
6.2
-
1.,
62.9
1.1
-
0.J
0.1
0.1
0.1
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
120
hblo 1)-UNEUPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 19,4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOII, RACE, HO SEX, ANO ALL
G'1NFUL WORKERS IN GENERU POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPHION, 0
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS
RELIEr 1914
,.,.,
COISUS
OCCUPAl ION
Total -.,rkers reporting:
=:;::~t
lgr icu I ture
h1mers (owners and tenants) and
Farm Laborers
ra""
managers
Fishing and forestryb
TOTAL
TOTAL
355,346
100.0
40,236
100.0
)0,520
100.0
7,574
100.0
o.,
0.5
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.8
0.6
o.s
0.1
0.1
)2.0
0.6
0.2
0.1
,1.7
o.,
0.2
o.,
52.1
0.5
0.2
. .
o.,
Extraction of ,.,,,.rah<
Wanufacturing And mechanical ind1,1strles
Bakers
8lackS1ith1, forge,nen, and h.,.,,.men
Bo i 11maker1
Sri ck end sto,w 1'118.sons and ti 1e I ayers
Building contractors
Carpenters
Ore111M1kers. Ms.tresses, and nil I I iners
Electricians
Engineers (1tationaryJ, crantftlen, etc.
Firtnefl !except IOC0110tive and fire department)
Foremen end a.,erseers (manufacturing)
Furnac.._n, smeltemen, heatus. and P'lddlers
MachlnlsU, ,.1 J lwrights, tooltNkers, and die setters
IIE&AQ I.ND OTHER
IHITE
o.,
o.;
I. 7
0.6
0.6
o. 7
,. 7
,.1.
o.,
0.2
I.I
0.5
0.6
1.5
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.1
1.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
)7. S
31,,
0.9
0.1
1.9
2.1
0.9
o.,
2.8
2.8
0.7
0,1
2.5
0.9
1.9
o.,
Mechanics not otherwise speclfled
1.,
0.2
1.4
1.8
0,9
Pa Inters, g lazi1r1, eNW!lel ers, etc.
Paper hangers
Pluterera and c-nt finishers
Pl 1.1t1bers end 9u and steani f It ters
Roofers afld slaters
1.7
0.1
0.2
o. 7
0.2
5.1
6,4
7.6
0.1
1.2
0.1
I. 7
1.8
o. 7
Shoemakers and cobblers (not in factor)'I
Skil led 1110rkers In print ingd
Skilled workers not elsewhere clas.sifie~
Struc tural Iron workers
Tai Iors and tai loresws
TinSJtiths and cooper511lths
0,9
0.9
0.1
I.I
"4nagers and officials (N.J'\Ufecturing) and 1M1"1Ufacturer1
Ooeratives
~~?~1
!:u:nred
Industries'
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, gla.ss, and stone industries"
Clothing lndustrlesh1
food and all ltd lndustries 1
Iron and steel, machinery, etc. industrlesJ
Metal Industries, excei,t iron and stNI"
Leather lndustr ies 1
l.J.tftlber and fumlture lndustrlts111
Paper, printing, and all led Industries"
Tntlle lndustries0
Other NnUfac-turing and not specified Industries'
laborers
Sul lding, general, and not specified Industries
Chenical and al I ied Industries'
Clay, glass, and stone lndustries9
food and all led lndustries 1
Iron and stNI, ntaChinery, etc. lnck,strie,J
unber and furniture lndustd,,Other Mnufacturlng lnctustrlesq
Transport at Ion and cormiunicat ion
Water transportation 1s.o.1
lor19shoremen end stevedores
S.i lors, deckhands, and boatMen
o.,
1.4
0.6
0,2
o. 7
1.4
o.,
0.2
0.2
0. 7
0.8
I. 7
0.9
o.,
0.)
0.6
0. 7
0.1
0.6
o.,
0.7
o.;
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
0,1
0.2
1.2
1.8
2.8
0.6
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
1.6
o.,
1.1
0,2
1,0
7.6
10,S
0.9
1.2
0.1
o.,
o.;
o.,
1,7
2. 7
2.7
0,6
).9
0.2
1.5
o.;
1.0
0. 7
0.9
0,9
0.8
0,7
3 .1
1.2
0.6
1.8
2,6
7,5
0.2
0.2
0,4
1.9
,.,
,.s
1.0
6.7
o.,
9.1
0.4
2.2
0,1
0.1
0.1
0,1
0.2
1.0
0.6
o.,
0.5
10.0
14 .2
17.6
0.7
0.9
0.1
1.0
0.1
6,2
0.9
0.1
8.0
1.2
0. 2
2. 7
1.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
o.s
1.0
1.0
1. 7
u.,
2.,
Road aM street transportation u.o. 1
Chauffeurs and true.le aod tractor drivers
Ora)fflen and tesnsters
Gar39e 1aborers
laborers for truck, tr-4nsfer. andcab ccnpanies , andhostlers
Laborers, road and street
1 ■ .o. 1
Baggagenien, freight agents, ticket and station agents
Boller N.shers and engine hostlers
BraltetMn (stean rai 1 roed)
Ral I road transportat Ion
).1
o.s
0,1
0.1
0,5
..
0.1
o.,
o.,
2.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
).7
1.0
Digitized by
2.1
0.4
1.6
•
sn
100.0
1.0
l.)
0.1
I. 7
1.0
l,'70
100.0
Google
APPBNDIX C
121
TOie 1)-Ul[MPLOY[O IIOll[R5 ON ULl[F WAY 19)• CLASSIF l [O BY OCCUPATION, U C[. UOS[l, UO ALL
GAINFUL WOUERS IN G[N[Rll PO PULATIOO 19)0 CLlSS IFIEO
80ST011,
IY OCC UPATION , •
IIIA$$ACHUS[TT$-Co ■ U1111•d
iltEl.l[F 19J,
cE•sus
19>0
TOTAL
OCCU,ATION
Tra,1aoortat i011 ud CGlllllalflieation (cont ir,uedJ
t ■ , o. 1 Icont i rtued J
Conducton lat.- and 1trNt rai I roads) ana bu• cOf'ducton
fo,...... end ow,.,,..n
Laborers
litl il rlNd tranaportat ion
_,..;,...,a
l.ac.C110tiw•
t,.oc,:-,ti.-ef i r---.
IIDtorwaft
S. i tchalift. " - · end , . , _
eo,...., oost. radio , t e l ~ . and ttlegrec,t,I 11 . 0 . 1
[irprn1 agents, • ..,........ ..,.,.,, end ra , 1•111111 11 clerka
*Teleo,hone
iI carr iers
aM:f t•legraph
I tf19111tn
T1l99rut- anaenger1
r,1 .. ,ac,h and radio ooerator1
TellP'IOftl operators
Other tl'llnuortation and COIIIUl"licatlon pur11,1 i t1
F'or'lll9ft and owerweers
IMO«tort
lebarwrs
Propr ietors and Nn&91r1'
Othtr occupet ions•
,....
..,..r1it i "Q ege,rlt
CCllll9n: ial ,,...,elera
Otl i .,.l"J"lllfl
Fl_,...lk.,.., fo,_,,, Md in,~e< t o r t
1,.,ranc, and .-..1 ntate •nu.
_,....r-,,
•f'ld officials
labor•" (
.......,..
l rclYCIN porters In ,torH)
lilroorletore (newt ratail dNlersJ'
Aletail dealen
__
,.,...,. and .. , . . . . .,.
Other pun.1it1 in lradeu
,-.1 le Nf"\'lce
.,,_,
""°'HAIOMI NtVlce
&rchitecta, dHl9ners, draftl'Wft , •nd 1,wentc,f"I
Art i1ts. tculptor1. and tHcher1 of 1rt
..,.icl.,. Md tachera of ..,.le
r_,,,,,.
Techn ical engi,..,.,
0.2
0.1
o. 7
0.1
0. 1
0.)
0. 1
0.1
0.)
o.z
O. I
0.1
0.9
TOTAL
.•
'IIIMIT(
.. u
•
•
.-
0. 7
0. 9
0. 2
0.J
C. )
0.2
•-
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.)
0.4
0.J
..
0.1
0.1
0. 1
o.~
0.)
0.2
0.1
0.)
0. 3
0. 1
0, 4
0.4
o.s
16 . J
JO. 7
JO . 7
0. 2
0.6
o.•
0. 2
1.1
0. )
1.0
0.1
0. 5
0.8
•
0,8
).6
7. 7
o. 7
,.,
8,4
0.)
o.•
0.2
0.6
1.8
-
-
0.9
0. 1
0.1
-
o.•
1. )
0. 1
0 .6
........... _,......
2. 1
-
-- -- -- 1. 11
-12 . 2
- 2.1
1.0
1.0
2.1
-
2.1
-
-
0.3
-
.
. .0. )
0. 2
I.I
o.•
• .8
-
.
0,9
l,Alyftdry Md dr, claanlng ~ n. ,-,.ge,.., and operatives
fltw'tera (e.ce,t In 1tore1J
P'ract lcal ,_,,....
).0
8.o
0.5
2. 7
12.4
0.9
0.1
0. 1
1 .0
14 .6
--
3. 0
0. 2
0.1
0, 3
1. 1
Cl•rlcal eccupat Iona
...,.,,. coltectore, and credit -.,
laokltNPer'I , caahlerw. and accountants
C1.,U not el..-.rw clanlfied
.......,.. errand, ltld office ltoys and g i rh
St.enae,.._,. aftd l1pl111
-
2.•
0.2
o. 7
o.4
0.9
0.9
0.1
0.2
Other lkll'IUltl ■
-
1.S
2.S
0. 2
o.s
Nlt•I and rntaurant keepers and IIIA1ger1
Mi::NNiirNNn Ind at . . rdl
Janitora Mid NXtON
i.o.....
WUl'ldlr•ra and laundrnMI (not In lallfldryJ
.. it•ra
---
-
0. 1
0. 1
0. 6
s.rw..,.
-
-
0. 9
o.s
0, J
0.1
o.4
0.5
0. 6
0.5
5. )
2. 0
0. 1
o.z
-
1.11
0.5
[levator t9"der,
-
-
-
7. S
o.s
a-,,.._. aftld clNners
-
-
0. 2
0.5
looerd l ng elld lodging houM keope,e
1.0
1.1
14 . 4
9ootblatka
--
0.9
I.)
14.7
1.0
0.8
0.1
o.•
0,)
4tlendMU Md ,-1,-ra
Dallnt ic Mid ...,.tonal Nrvlce
1111 ........ hairdrusers, Md •nicurl1t1
-
HMALE
S. 6
o.8
0.1
0.1
0.5
Tra i ned nurws
-
"'"
1.2
0.1
0. 1
1. 7
4.3
0. 9
0.4
1. •
2.)
o. s
0. 5
Other .,,,feH iona l punvits"
S.-lprofn1 iorial pur"llollt1•
NEGRO .UD OTHER
I FEMALE
-
0. 4
0. 2
0.5
-
-
-
-
o .•
o.e
-
-1.1
29. 11
42.8
~ -7
0. 9
o.•
o. •
--1.
9
1.7
1.0
0.2
1.0
2.1
- -- 2.11.1
- 7. 8
-o. 7
- 12.5
0. 5
0. 2
2. 0
o. s
o. e
0.2
2.8
0. 9
2.8
u .s
5. S
8.2
0.4
1.2
4.S
0. 7
1.4
6. 9
0.5
0.9
•.6
0.8
0.1
15,3
0. 2
2.9
4.8
o.•
7. 0
0. 9
0. 9
0. 1
e.•
-
-
-
2.6
-
-
-
0. 9
12 . •
11.•
s. 7
-
1.,
---
1.9
-
2.1
10. 7
•. 2
-
----
133066 O-37-t0
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
122
hble lJ-u•EMPLOY[O WOU[RS ON RELIEF MAY 19JC CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOW, RAC[, UO SEX, HO All
GAINFUL WORKERS U GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSlfl[O BY OCCUPATION,•
BOWLING GREEN , KENTUCKY
RELIIF
t8f$US
OCCUfl'ATlt;»,
19,0
TOTAi.
Total workers r~port ing :
Parcll'!nt
Ag,.iculture
355
100. 0
2'i.8
f8""t'rS l~rs •nd t......,_tsJ and fam . .na.,rs
J.C
Z).c
Fanti l,11t,or9rs
FEWM.E
7C
•ALE
'8
htrw; t ion of •ineralsc
Bakers
Blacllsniiths, forgeniet1, end h111111enren
100.0
wo.o
IOO. O
)S.5
5. 7
29.8
IJ,5
l.C
ll.l
.3).)
l .•
)J.J
2.•
)6.5
18.7
2. 5
2.6
27.)
)1.8
0.6
1.0
0.5
0.5
Boi le,,,..kers
O.J
Brick W'd stone "'IIISOt'IS 8f'd ti le layers
Building contractors
0.)
C.rpa,nters
0t-H5"18kus , se...stf"HM$ , end ,.; 11 intrs
[IN:tr ic: ians
[ng ineer, (statiON1:ryJ, c,..,..n, etc.
Fire'flel'I le-•ce~t loc011110t ive tnd fire depart.._ntJ
).1
).1
5.8
1.1
0.J
2.2
0. 5
For~ and OYersee-rs l•nuf«:turing)
f»r~~n . !ll'll!ltefflleft, heate~. and ouddlers
llachi11ists, •i 1 l«i9"t1. tool~rs. and die wtters
INnaqers and officials (l'Nlnufactur i rtgJ anti •nufactuntrs
Mechan ics r,ot otherwise specified
Painters, glaziers, ~lers, etc.
Paper hangers
Pl111teritrs al'ld ce...nt finishers
PIU"llbtrs and gas 11nd st.,... fitters
Roofers and slaters
Sh08'11411ers ano cobblers (not In factOf')')
Sk illed -,rllers in pf"i,iti"9d
Sid lied -.or•ers not e l ~ r e clauifitd•
Structur.al i ron workers
hi I ors and tai IOf"flM'S
rin.,.iths and copper•ith1
OPll!rat ive,
&Ji lding industry
ou.. ic:al and al lied i"'Clustrles'
Cigar and tobacco factories
C11y , glan, srd stone (ndustriesl
Clothi~ industries,,
F'ood and allied industries 1
Iron and st•I. ,echinery, etc. lnd"strinJ
Metal inchntriu, ncec,t iron atld steet'li
LNthers inctustries 1
lulber and furniture i"Ctustries•
Paper, print inrg, and al I ied industriu"
Text I le industries0
Other ~fi1eturing al'ld not specified i nd11St ri nP
8.)
1'.9
l.l
0.)
1.1
2.1
2.2
). 7
2.1
0.J
0; 5
0.5
o. 5
0.5
2.1
0.)
0. 5
0.6
0.6
0.5
1.0
). 7
0.8
0.6
0.6
1.6
1.6
1. 0
0. 5
1. 0
0.)
0,8
0. )
0.5
).9
5.)
0.5
1.0
o.,
2.1
ll.O
l.l
2.7
1.c
•. 1
laborers
t~~!J• .:":~~:~
•~::,.~~Hied Industries
Clay , glass, and stone industries9
F'ood and allied ind"stries 1
Iron and slffl. l'lllllthlnery, etc. I ndu1t ri.,J
Llll'lber end furniture indwstriea•
ou~r ,-ar,wf.ctwring industriesq
Transoorut ion
-,'Id
cooa.,,iic.at iOl'I
water transportation I a.e . ,
l0t19shorlll'le" and stwedores
Sai Iors, decli h&ftds , and boetllll9n
Road ar-.t street trans,ortet i on , a . o . J
Olauffeurs ancf truck and tractor drivef"'I
Ora)"lllen and te8'111Sters
Garage laborers
Laborer, for tn,ck, transfer, and c.ab co,apanies. and holtler1
laborers, road and st,...t
0.J
1.4
6.1
2. 1
W.7
16. 7
ll.6
0.8
1.0
2.1
2.8
2.)
0,)
C,J
J.1
2.1
2.1
J,0
5.2
2.1
o.~
Railroad transportation 1s.o.1
9 -..... freight llfentl, t lcket Md 1tatlon ...,.,.
Boiler wshers arid eng ine hoatlers
8rali..,.n fste . . rallt"OldJ
Digitized by
u
192
100.0
Fist'iif'IQ at"ld forHtrytl
Manufactur i ng etld lllkha"ical industriea
.......
NBillO MD OTHER
TOTAL
WAI.[
,.,_,
. ,.
... ff
Google
APPINDIX C
123
T. . lo 1)-Ul[IIPLOY[D IIORX[RS ON RlLIEF MAY 19)4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RAC[, ANO SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFUL ltOIIX[RS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFl[O BY OCCUPATION,•
BO•LllfG GRE[I-Co•&l•Hd
CEM5US
OCCUJIATl()II
TOJM.
TOTAL
Transportation and cOIMIUftic.ation lconti""9dJ
Railroad trans,ortatio, u.0.1 (continued)
Co,lductors lstea,a 'Ind strNt rai I roaosJ and bus conductors
For..-n and o,,erSNrs
Laborers
0.6
locOl'ICt iv• engineers
Loc010ti¥"e fi,...,,
lloto,-n
S.itc'-n.
,1....,_,
-
•.2
2.7
12.5
and yanhen
Express. PDSt. radio, telephone, and teleQraph u.01
E..xorns agettts. ew:ore11 ,....,..,... and rai l•y • i I clerks
Uai I earriert
Telepheftl and tel ..raph Ii,...,.
T•letnllh-euenge,..
Teleqra,tl and radio operators
Telephone o,eratora
Other trenaportati°" 81111:1 COlflllnication pur&uih
FOf'8lllel'I and cwer9Nr&
Inspectors
0.J
0,5
0.5
0.5
0.5
5,6
5.7
0.8
0.J
0.5
Laborers (frcludes porte,.. In stores)
....l>Oy.
Proprietors {ewcept retai I dealers)'
1.•
2.1
lltUi I delllers
S.le1111en llnd ul.....,.
Other puraulu in trade"
0.8
1.5
0.6
1.7
1.6
f\,bl ic service
0,J
0,5
ProfHI i ona I Mf"V ice
Actors and shoaier'I
Architects. designers, draft ...n. end inventors
Artists. sculptors. and t•achers of art
0.6
1.0
S..IDrofnsional ,-rsu1t1•
Att-•tt w holpon
0.6
1.0
0-..tic f t penonel Nrtlce
25.6
5.2
0.J
0.J
Laborers
PrOPrietort and .-nagers'
Other occupations•
Trade
2,4
ldverl ising agents
Colllercial traveler,
Oelin,.,...,,
FIOOnN1lkers. fo,...,., and ire,pector1
lna,rarce and .-..1 Htata ege,,U, "'18NIJlr-s, and officials
4,1
2.1
2.1
2.7
•.2
2.4
Mnlclana and tNCherl of ,.,.1c
TNthen
Technical engi,...rs
Tnlined ,_,,....
Othtr ,rofnsionel pursuits"'
llrbers.
halrdrn•r■• and
Boordh,g
lodging hcluN
w
95.2
•nlcurlstt
kNoo"
Bootblacks
0,J
Cha,woaen and C INnet"I
Elevator ,.,.,..
2.1
Hotel and rntaurant 11Noer1 end ..,..rs
HouNIINPeF'I and
,t-nts
2.7
0.6
_,.,.itors and NXtona
0,J
0.5
laorw"
1.1
1.6
l.alnderera and la,nd,...SN tnot In laundry)
l.llundry and dry cleaning CIMlltrs, Managers,
Pbrt.,-a (except in storeaJ
Pract lcal ,_,,....
S.rvantl
.. lten
Other ,ureul ta•
Clerical OCCUClllt Iona
.1-..
a,.,.11, co1lector1, Md crw:llt •n
1ao11-,.rs, cashien, lftd accountants
C l - not
cluslfled
11n..,..,,
errand, Md office boyt and glrh
St_..,_. lftd t1ol1ta
••t•---••
10,7
6,8
~
operat Ives
2.5
1.0
9.5
12.J
1,6
1.4
17.6
1.4
0.5
0.6
0.J
1,0
0.5
0.J
0.5
0.J
5.•
2.1
2.1
)6.6
8.J
58.6
NL
Digitized by
Google
ORBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBF
Table 13-UNEIIPLOYEO •ORKERS ON Ull[F IIAY U,. CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOII, RACE, HO SU, A■O All
GAINFUL •OAKUS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1130 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOII,•
BR I DGEl'OIIT, CONNECTICUT
.....
---
IIILlfF 19)&
CX:CUNTION
Total aod11~rs ntP()rt iny:
frfUlllber
Pwc.ent
Ayricul ture
Fa,...,s (~rs W tenanttJ M'CS fana 111nagers
Fam laborers
Fishing and forHtryb
Extract ion of ,aineral ,c
lllnufach.1r,~ MCI nec:han1cal inc2ustrie1
BIikers
Rl.ckpit'1s,
toriaenen • ..a h-nwen
CENSUS
19'0
TOTAL
TOTA&.
.....
6',0ll5
100.0
4,)54
100.0
3,)65
100.0
0.6
0.1
0.5
0.1
1.2
0.3
0.1
0.5
1.4
0.4
1.0
0.6
•
0.5
0.6
61.1
0.8
0.4
0.1
3,9
0.1
50.6
0.5
0.2
Bric;i.. end stone ... son, and tile 1_.en
•
0.1
Bui ld1ng con I rctora
0.)
Carpenter,.
Dressm.uer:., ..,.,,ease•.
1.8
Boi lel"l'M11.err.
_,,TE
Electricians
Engineers (stationary). e r ~ . etc.
Fi,. .n (except locO'JIOlive and fire depart,wntJ
0.7
0.6
o.4
4.6
0.2
0.8
0.6
1.0
For.-nen and overseers (nwiufacturing)
fwrnacerren, sniel temen, neaten, and S)lldcllen
llacl'linilth, 111i I l.ri9til1, tocl.._ra, a-.ct die setter,
IIM-.,era arlO officials (JIWlr'tufecturiflg) N unufacturera
1.6
0.1
5.)
1.3
1.2
0.8
0.2
3.1
0.2
2.0
1.5
4.2
0.1
0.8
1.5
0.2
llec:hanics not
otfler ■ iH
and
ai I I inen
apec.ified
Painte,.,. glaziers • .,,_.Jen. etc.
Pape,. han9ers
Plaste,.ers and c.-ent finishet'"I
Pl unGers and gas Md at . . f I tters
Roofers .,d al•ters
o.;
.
0.1
o.e
0.1
Snoen111iters ano cc,tt,alers (not in factor,)
o.,
Skilled .,c,ri«,rs in printingd
Skilled -.orkers nol el....,.re clusifi_.
Structural iron _,,urs
hilon, and tailoresses
fin11111tha Md coppersaiths
0,6
1.9
0.1
0.5
0.2
l)perat i'fes
&.ii ldin9 iod1,1slr1
Chenlical ana al 1 i.O industriesf
C19er ano tobacco fectorie1
Clay, gl,us, Md stone il'Q.lstries9
ClothiRQ inoustrie1o"
Fooa -"d al I ied inOustriea 1
1.2
0.1
0.1
).3
0.2
Iron and sttNtl, !IIKPlinery, etc. industrinj
Metal industries, e11.cept iron and steel"
Leather industries 1
L~r and furniture industries•
Paper, printin9, ....-o allied inctu&tries"
Te,ctil• industries 0
Other J1W1Uf11eturi~ .-io not spacifi.a 1nduatrinP
Labort,rs
Builoing, veneral. ana not s~ified industries
ChO'l,cal and al I ied indust,.ies'
Clay, wlitss, \llO stone industries9
Food Mid al I ,.a indu$lries 1
Iron ano steel. raachinery, etc. induatriesJ
Ltnber and furniture industries•
Otner ,..,ufacturing 1naustries<I
Trensportat ion ana ccnmunicat ion
•
-
0.7
-
0.1
-
65.5
1.0
0.5
0.1
5.0
0.2
58.2
0,)
48.0
U.5
5.8
I.I
-
0.9
0.2
4.1
0.2
2.4
5,3
0.1
1.0
1.1
0,3
o.;
0.6
0.8
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.1
4.2
0.2
0,6
0.)
2.8
.
.
o.e
0.2
0.8
---
0.5
-
----
--
,.,0.)
-
I,)
0.7
-
0.7
-
0. 7
0.7
).2
-
1.)
1.9
-
0.1
0.7
7,3
--
-
1.)
).1
0,)
o.;
22.6
0.3
4.8
1.8
0.1
0.2
0.1
1.2
6.8
4,1
;.1
0,6
0,3
0.5
2.2
6.8
4,6
),4
).)
0,)
2.7
).2
0.7
0.7
0.4
0.5
2.0
5.6
0.8
4.9
15.1
-4,5
2.2
0.5
0.1
0.1
2.7
0.1
3,9
o.•
4.6
0.5
1,4
0.1
2.6
1.7
0.1
).0
. -.
-
4.2
. ..
6.•
11.1
Water trAnsportation IS.o.J
Lonyshon!r1en and stevedores
Sa• lors.. O.Ckhanas. and boalNn
0.1
Ro~ and strNt transportet ion ta.oJ
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
o,..,,ynen ane1 tea11Sters
Garage laborers
Laborers for truck. tntn5for. and cao CeftPlffliH, andhostlera
Laborers, ro~ and street
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.5
6.4
0.)
0.2
0.2
2.5
Railr?"d transportation ts.o.l
Bagg"'J"'""• fniyht agenu, t ickel ald station ag.,ta
Boile, •shers and en.,aine hostlers
Brall.eiaien (ste.. r.eilro«IJ
0,1
0.1
2.3
.•
-
Digitized by
-
--
0.3
0.2
0.2
2.7
0.1
•
,_..
262
120
100.0 100.0
0,7
o. 7
-
I
607
100.0
0,3
-
1.0
0.7
1.0
I
,£!ML£
3,0
-
----
-
-
9.1
0.7
-
-
1.9
5.2
-
---
-
----
--U.5
----
-
-
-
-
-
U.8
I.I
25.0
-
0.1
0.1
-
-
-
--
7.5
0,3
0.1
0.1
2.6
---
9.8
0.7
1.)
2.0
7.8
--
--
-
-
0.1
-
Google
-
-
-
APPBNDII C
, .. ,. 13-Ul(MP'I.OY[O -l(RS o• R(ll(f MAY u:,. CUSSlf l[O IY occ u ,u10•. UC[ , AIIO sex,
GAllfUl -lCRS II GCNCRAl POPUlATIOI lt)O ClASSlflCO 1Y OCCUPATION , •
H IOG[ l'OIIT. COll[CT ICUT-Coa, . . .d
llliLIEf 19)<
... ,.
C"'5US
OCC:UPAT IOII
TOT Al
TOJ.t.L
,,..,..,.,atiar, and ~ic..lion !continued)
.
. . ilroeis tr1r1tporletion ■ .•.J lcontinuedJ
Conducton 1,u .. IN strwt railroanJ.,.. bu1 conck.lctora
For....-i -.. owe,...,.,
Laborer,
0.2
0.1
0.)
0.1
.
L.oc.ca)t ive eng in.. ra
l.acma,t i we fir.-en
..,,.,_
Eaorns. po1.\. ral i o, taleiphone . _... tet .. ,ai,h 11 .e.1
Express ~ u . •Pf'•u ~ •• and ra t ,.., M l I c:lffka
lla i I cerr iara
feleohone ..., ta l .. r,1Pf1 I;,..._.
0.1
0. 2
0.2
Telegracih __. radio operatora
fa 1-,hon,tl oper at Of'I
o.s
ou.., trenSCIOf"tation
.and ~ication
-
-
Adwenisine....,,,
ln1uranc.e and tMl "Uta agents, ..,,,._,., and off ici als
l.aorwa I i nc 1..-. porters in SlCM"n)
--••nJ'
.
9ffV ic•
llrofeuional Mf"Wic.e
Actors ano ~
Arctait«u. cMti,ne,1. draft.-.,,. arid inventors
Ani1t1. ~uloton , end t ..cher1 of art
-..Siciat11 end lHCMrl of ... ,ic
Tuc.hffs
1. 0
0. 8
0.1
0. 1
1.)
I
.
.
2.3
1.3
1.5
-
6.,
0.1
2. 0
0. 2
1.8
0. 1
),0
0.)
0.1
0.1
0. 1
-
..
o.s
0. 2
o.,
0.2
0.1
0.2
0. 1
0.6
1.0
1.•
7.9
0.8
0. 2
1.1
I
I
0.)
-
u,.,ncNrera and l....ar..... tnot it1 la.nc,,y)
0.1
0.1
0.2
l.aifldr1 and dry cl ... in,g OM'lert, . . ....,-•• end ooentivea
florten t••c.,c in ttornJ
"'-=t ical nu ran
»Nant1
0.8
0. 1
0.•
o.•
2. 9
0.6
0. 1
11.8
0.•
2.,
6.)
0.)
2.4
0. 1
o.•
). I
0.3
0,)
0. )
.
o.•
0.2
0.4
4. 1
0.9
0.1
s.o
•.s
0.1
0.)
). 7
0.1
0.8
•.o
-
I.)
I.)
0.6
I
0.)
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
~
................
II
0.)
0.8
-
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
18.1
0.5
-
I
I
I
- !
- I
0.8
-
0.3
1.•
-
1.6
11.6
1. 9
-
10.2
0.)
0.8
4.1
s.o
-
---
II
o.,=
0.5 I
-
-
-
-
I.I
-
-
6,6 t
0. 2
. . ...
. -.
I
J#litors Md 1eXton1
,., ,
o.~
o.•
0. 1
0.)
2.0
--
3.8
0, )
8.S
•.o
0. 2
0.2
0.3
Clerical occupet ions
• t • . col lactotl, ..a creelit ...,
~ n . cMhier1, #Id acccunt...,u
Clen.s not . , , . . . , , clM1ifiect
..........,. errend; Ind office boyl and 9irl1
Sttn0gr..-.,1 ane1 1,pi1u
-
0.)
o••
111.1,., i u•
•
-
--
0.)
1.6
) .8
0. )
Elewator tencten
.....,.
-
-
•.)
Motel and rnteur•t ....,_,. .-, -.nae1r1
...
-
0. 1
0.1
0.2
tb.t....... , . . . . ..... ,.,.
-
--
0.)
0.2
..., ,1 • .,.,.
-
0.)
o.,
kNSlltl
1.1
0.1
0. 9
Attencl_,h MCI hel Pffl
ltld ..,, icwr i1t1
-
-
11.8
Techn ical engineers
Trailllld ....,,.,..
Other prof•H•OM.I ,urauits,,
S.. iprofH1iGftll ,ureuits•
Do.st le ano per tonal MN ice
-
-
0. 1
-
6.0
0. 2
,n
0.2
0.1
-
-
9.1
o.•
o.s
F'lao,_1.,.,.,, for.-.n, ar'ld ins,ecton
0.2
0.1
o.
8.2
0.1
0.1
1. 2
1).9
0. 1
ec...rt1al treotalera
Otliwe,.,..n
Other
-
0.1
1
8.)
0.1
0.1
1.1
0. 2
r,_,
~
0.2
-
-
0.)
0.•
loan,ing ~ loot ing hc:luH
lootDIIClll
0.1
0.2
0. 1
FE*LE
1.)
-
Proprietor, ano . . , . . , , ,
..,_,,. ha,n,,.......,.,,
0. 1
0.2
0. 1
---
All
ANO OTMOI
...,
F(Wil,LE
0.)
Other occ11N1 ions•
"-1 ic
-
-
0.1
0.1
0. 1
lnsoec:tora
l.Mot"ars
Pratw'iatora l•ce,t rwtei I
hui I dMlers
S.l....,.a,'CINI......,.
Ot..., ..,,.., • u
u·--•
0.1
ourauita
F'or.-...i ..., cwa, ... ra
--·
..
..
,.,.. ,..,._ --Mntff•
o.•
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
S.itd'allft • • , ...... and ,a11111en
0.1
0.1
0.1
O.•
.
,_.4-AO
MillTl
19,0
uo
-
I
I •.2-
-
--
-
- I'
0.1
-- .I
8.5
--
--
•.2
I 81.6
- I
-!
-'
0.] I
1.6
-
--
2.S
-; I.~ I
- I
- I 1.7
-i
2. 0 I
-
).8
0.1
-
1.0
-
2.0
-
•.2
8.3
-
60.8
2.5
-
1. 7
1. 7
-
--
Digitized by
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126
URBAN WORKERS ON RELI&F
Tobi• 13-UNEIIPLOVEO l'ORKERS ON RELIEF IIAY 19,. CLASSIFIED BY occu,ATION, RACE, AND SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1!1)0 CLASSIFIED SY OCCUPATION,•
BUFFALO, NEW YORK
_,
•
OCCUHTICJII
Tote1 11Qrl(er, reporti"9:
Pen:ont
Agricul lure
F'a,,..rs (owners and tenants) and fara ..,...ra
Fam hbore,..
TOTAL
TOTAL
2'11,210
100.0
2&,600
100.0
0.1
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.8
o.,
•on.
-E
FIIMU
211.,eo
4,531
100.0
o.,
100.0
1.2
0.3
0.9
•
0.4
0.4
0.1
o.,
o.,
40.6
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.3
51.4
0.5
0.9
58.0
0.6
o.,
0.3
2.2
Fireflleft (except locaaotive and fi,.. deplrtant)
2.1
0.5
1.0
1.1
0.4
,.1
0.3
0.9
0.8
1.1
Fo,._,, and ...,....,.. 1-fe<;turl,.I
furnace.n. _ , ter.en. hMtera. and puddl era
lllchinista. 11i11•righta, too1Mkera, and die setters
llllnagers and officials l..,.,facturlngJ and NnUfacturers
Mechanics not otherwlae ■ P1Clfled
1.,
0.1
).2
1.8
1.8
0.8
0.2
2.3
0.2
1.8
Painters. glazl~, .,....,.,.., etc.
1. 7
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.1
0.5
o.,
1.8
0.3
Fiahlng and forestry-
Extraction of 11inerahc
lanufecturing and -=:hanical induatrin
llokers
BlackMiths. forg....-i, Ind......,_,.
Boile,,..kers
Brick and stone •sons o1nc1 tile layers
Building contraclors
Carpenters
Dres9Mkers. tNflltrnses. IWld •lllirwra
Electricians
UIQineers l•t•tloneryl. c,..,__,, etc.
Poper hangers
'1uterera and c_.nt flnl1hera
P1111bers and tu and ■ t• fitter,
Roofers and sl ■ ten
Shc:,auers and coblt1er■ (rot 1n factoryJ
Skilled cirkerw. In printing•
Skilled workers not el1ewhe,.. c1aulfled'9
Structural iron .,,...,..
Tailors and tailornNi
Tln•ithl Ind coppe,...ithl
Operat i'lfl
Bui 1di"9 industry
CNllical and al I led indu1trln'
Cifl,r and toblcco factorin
Clay. glass. and 1tOt11 lrduttrinl
Clothing lndulltrinh
food and al I led induatrln 1
Iron lftd steel • ..chlnery. etc. indu1tr1nJ
Metal lnd111trin. ',icept irOft and ltNlk
Leather Industries
Llnber and furnltu,. lndu1tri_.
Paper, print Ing. and al I ied lnduatrin"
Textile industrln°
Other •nufacturlng and not specified lnduatrln'
I.A.borers
e.1101,.. -rel, and oot opoclflad 1.-1,I•
Chealcal and al I lad indUltrln'
Clay, gt•"• and atone lnduttrie1I
Food and allied industrin 1
Iron and steel • ..chlnery. etc. lndu1tri ■1J
Liaber and furnitu,.. lndu1trin•
Other •nufacturlng industrinq
Tre"8p0rtation and connunlcatlon
Wllter transportation••·•·•
l.ongahorerlan Ind llevedorel
Sai lora. decld111nds, and boat_,.
Road and street transportation 11.0. •
CMuffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Ora,-.n and tHNt1tn
Ga.raoe leborers
Laborers for truck, tranafer, and cab coap&nin, and hostlers
Laborers. road and street
Rllilroad transportation 11.1.1
~ n , freight agents, ticket and station ..enta
Bo
washers and engine hostlers
e...i.- l•t- rallroadl
o.,
1.6
0.5
-
o.,
2).9
0.2
--
0.7
o.,
O.t
5.5
• 1.3
1.2
1.0
-1.2
1.0
0.2
0.2
).1
-0.)
2.,
-5.2
0.6
-0.5
2.5
0.4
o.,
0.6
0.2
).1
0.3
0.4
0.9
0.8
o.,0.8 2.2o.,-4.7
).2
o.,
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.9
5.1
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.1
1.2
2.5
6.2
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.2
2.4
,.,
0.2
0.8
2.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
o.,
0.1
0.6
0.2
1.1
0.6
2.6
0.2
0.5
0.7
o.,•
:,.o
1.9
o.,
0.1
o.s
2.6
0.1
1.6
10.5
0.1
0.2
2.,
o.,
0.1
0.1
o.,
0.1
0.1
o.,
-----
ttEL.IEF 19J<t
ClllSUS
19)0
0.3
o.,
,.,
0.6
•
o.,
o.e
•
0.6
).5
0.7
o.,•
IMU
1,2!!0
•JO
100.0 100.0
-
0.8
o.8
o.8
0.8
--
62.4
-
).2
-
1.6
0.8
-
2.,
1.6
-
0.8
-
0.8
0.8
-
2.,
o.e
--o.a
2.0
0.8
1.5
).2
1.6
-
0.2
2.2
5. 7
2.4
-
-4.0
0.2
12.8
0.8
-
-
,.2
0.3
1.5
).4
0.4
1.6
--
1.6
13.6
U.6
17.2
4.2
16.8
0.5
0.2
0.5
o.,
4.5
o.,
o.,
-
S.6
2.6
O.)
3-2
-- - •. o-- 0.8
-- 0.8
4.0
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.4
--
0.2
0.2
o.,
Digitized by
5.7
2.,
--
Google
-
2.1
-
--------
---
2.1
---------
--
----
APP!NDII C
127
Tole 1)-Ul[lll'I.OY[D e()RlEl!S 01 RHIH IIAY UJ• CLASSIFIED 9Y OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AND ALL
GAIIFUL e0RIERS II ~E•ERAL l'OPULUIOI 111)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
BUF'F'ALO, NE• YOlh-CoU l.taed
19}0
OCO,ATIOI
TOTAL
TrMUOrt ■ t ,ar, ilf'd
.. ilroad
ca.ia.nlcat ion (c0ttt inutd)
,,.,.ponation
11.0.,
(cont l r,uedJ
Conductors (,t ... Ind u,..., ,.ailroad1J Md bus conductors
Fo,.....-iefld°"9f'Nil,..
LMorers
L~tiwellftgi,_.,..
Locoaotiwe fir_.
..,,.,_
S.itc~.
0.4
0,1
1.0
o.•
o.•
D.8
0.)
0.1
n..-,, .,-, ,.,..,.
c..,.... ,
,-1, radio, tel.....,_, Md tel .. ,-.,h IS . o. J
M i l cleriil
Lq,rns ...,, . . . .,,.... . , ...... n, and ,.• •
lll i l c.arrien
Tel.,..__ Md tel919ra,h I i"91111ft
1.,
Tel99,. . . . . . . . ,,
Y.laq,_.. Md radio ope,ators
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.1
o,g
T.1-,hoftlt ooerato,...
0,Mr transportation and ca-unicAtion pur,wita
F o ~ end c,we,..._n
l"9pectors
Laborer ■
Pr-oor iatort It'd ,.,.,.rt'
OtJ11r occwpet ions•
r.~rti,,,. ..-.u
0.2
0.1
1.6
0, 1
o.,
o. 1
•
D.l
0.1
D. 7
0 .)
0.2
-
D. i
-
0.2
•
2. 0
D.2
0.5
.
.
O.J
D.l
0.1
O.J
0.)
0.J
0.5
0.1
-
0. 2
D.3
-
15.)
9.2
1.9
IJ.J
D. l
0.1
0. ) ·
D.I
0.)
I.I
0.2
o.•
0.)
floo.-..Hi~. fo,....., Md i,,.,pe,ct,:,r,
,,._ranee and rwal nut• a,.nu , • " ' • " • llfld off ic ials
0. J
1. 2
•
0.2
l,Mo,wrs (incllllln portef't '" ,torn)
O. B
,n,prietor'I (nc._t retail deal•r,) 1
0. 1
1.0
..Uil CMelen
,.2
O.B
0. 2
0.2
$ e l ~ Md sal...,.,,
Otirler ,urauits in trade"
6. •
0.5
I.•
0. 1
1,0
•• 1
J.~
0.5
0.5
2.6
1.0
l,)
Ml ic ten,ic•
7.6
"i,fna i OMI MrViu
Acton lftd .._,...,.
D.l
Anh i tectt. dni ... ,.... draft...,,, er,d i ,w.,,tor1
Art i sts , sc11lptor1, •rid lHc~" of ert
..,_ iciant Md teechers of 1'1t ic:
TNChtra
Ttchn icat .,., , ,..,..
, , . . . . . "'Vt"1in
0.6
2.1
0.)
1D. 2
. lwintrnMrw, llftd •r+ic:url1t1
.. ~
loerdil'IQ and hwtgi"9 house 11..,.,,
IDotblaclt1
I.D
D.)
D.•
c,,.,.,....,..c:1..,.,...
Cle¥■ tor t_.,.,
,...,..,,..,.t ._.,.,...
0.1
2.0
0.5
Dai.lt ic: Md per...,.I Nrv ic:e
Motel and
o.•
0. 6
O.i
Otller profns i onel pur941it1•
S. itrofeuional pvrsu tt a•
ltlendenh Wld hel ,.,...
and .,...,_,..
~ , . . . Md 1teard1
JM i tors Md NStone
L•borera
~ , . Ind ,..,.,...., (not ,,. hundryJ
-
-
0. )
0.1
C:0-rcial ,,...,.,..
Dtl iw«,...,
_..,,,
,.o
o.•
0.8
•
0.1
J.2
).0
0.5
0.1
0,1
0.6
.
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.)
11.l
D.5
•
D.I
0. 2
12. 7
1. 6
•.2
D.B
D. 9
l.•
0. 1
).t
)C.)
18.D
D.•
D. 7
D.8
.
• •.o
o.,
D. 2
D.J
D.6
0. 5
0.2
D.6
0.)
D,2
0. 1
o. 7
D.2
o. 7
D.8
Pnctical ,_,,_.
l.•
D.•
D.J
. . it•"
Other pyr'11,it ..
D.I
Md oper1tive1
s.,....u
Clerical
oc.c.-t , _
""'""• collecton. and credit ,.,..
lookk-,.,... c•ien. Md acc:ount8"tt
Clertia ftOt el...._,.. c:hutfitd
. . . . . . , . errllnil. end office llor• end t i rla
s,.,..,...,.. .... ,,,i,ta
J. B
I.I
o.,
0.J
5.2
1.5
0.1
I.J
I.)
16. )
6.6
7.8
5.8
0.2
1.2
19. 7
. o.•.
12.8
0.9
0.)
6.5
1.5
,.2
1.•
o. )
2.'
,.o
0.2
0. 1
1.6
0,J
1D.8
2.1
0.1
D.2
~ .
.. ,
O. l
D.8
O.J
0.)
...... ry W dry c:INnll'WJ OMWra 0
,O,,ten (nce,pt ift ,torn)
D.8
0. 2
0.2
0.J
0.2
0. 5
0.5
).2
D.8
D. 8
0.1
1.0
0. 1
1,6
0.2
1.0
0.1
O.•
0. J
0.B
D.I
0.1
D.6
o.•
2.•
.. ,
).2
,..
D. 8
2.1
,.o
e.•
0.8
ee.o
2.1
o.,
).l
7.)
2.1
o.•
L5
,.,.......__,,...,.
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
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Tobie IJ-UHEMPLOYfD WORKERS D~ RELIEF MAY 193• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, AND All
GAINFUL #ORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
BURL I NG TON, YERIIONT
RELIEF 19)4
CEHSUS
OCCUP,t.TIOH
10:,0
TOTAi.
Total worke,.s reporting:
Nt.nber
Percent
Agr i cu 1lure
NEC.RO ,tNO OTlfER
MtlTE
TOTAi.
MALE
36'
(JO
100.0
5,8
100.0
5.8
1.2
6,9
0.5
0.5
•S.5
•7.6
0.2
0.3
0,5
0.6
FEMALE
M.Al.E
M
1
100.D
100.0
6.9
Fef"l'lers (011fNrs and tenants) and hon 1110nagera
F"am laborers
F1shif"l9 llnd fore,tryb
£11:trnction
or
l'll1nera)1C
M.,nufactur,ng af'1d lllle'Chanical industries
Bakers
8l.•d1.911ith1, forge'llen, ard ~men
Bo,lenfl\kers
Brick and stone masons a!'ld l• le layers
Ru, Iding cont~tors
Carpenters
Ores!l"laken,, se.!WUtresus, and ,., 11 iners
Electric inns
Engineers (st.,tioMry). cra.newen, etc.
Firemen lellteot locClfflOtive and fire department)
Fore,y.en and over~rs (1111artufactunngJ
Furnacf!rllen, Sll!el ternicn, heaters, and Pl,lddl ers
Afoct'linists, 11iJ l.,r i9hts, tool1Nkers, and die setters
1.0.nagers 11.nd officials (manufacturing) and ,...nufacturers
Mrchanlci not othen,ise 1pecified
Painters, gln:zier6, enamelers. etc.
Paper hangers
Plnsterers iv~ Cffl!Ont f ini'!lhers
Pl~rs ario ga.s 0:nd .steft"II fi tt.ers
Roofers and s I Mers
Shoemakers and cobbll"rS loot in factory)
Skilled worli.ers in printingd
Skilled o110rkers not elsewhere classlflede
Structural iron o110rkers
fai I ors 11nd tai loresses
Tir,Miths and coppersniitt.s
Operati ... es
Building industry
Ch8"1ica l al'd al I ied industries t
Cig11,r and tob&c. co factories
Clay, olas.s, ,IJ,r-(3 stone indu.Hrics9
Clot hing indus tr ies"
Food and al 1 ied iMustr,es 1
Iron 11rld steel, machinery , etc. industriesJ
Metal inou.stries. e.•cept i r nn and stoelk
Leather indus tr ies '
Luffiber ttnd furniture industr ies,.
P8per, printing, and allied ir<lustrias"
Text ii e i nctust r i cs0
Other ,ranufacturlng and not srecified lndustriesP
1.,
1.,
'35.•
1.7
0.5
0.2
0,7
0.5
0. )
0.5
0.2
0.9
0.5
0.3
2.3
i.1
D.B
I.I
..
,.o
,
0,2
0,9
1.6
0.9
0.3
0,3
0,8
1.3
0.)
0,2
0.3
o. 7
0.8
1.5
I.I
1.9
I.I
0.8
I, 7
1.6
0.2
0.5
0.7
0,5
0.5
0.9
0,8
1, 6
0.9
1,9
0, 5
8.9
0.8
1.5
1.6
1.•
4,6
21. 5
0. 7
0,3
6.6
0.8
8.8
10.5
0.2
0,3
1.5
Laborers
Budding, general. encl not specified inciustries
Chemical and al 1 led industdesf
Chy, 9lass, and stone indus tri es9
Food and al 1 ied i Nfustries 1
Iron and steel, machl~ry, etc. industriesJ
Li.nber and furniture industries"'
Other 1Mnufocturing industriesq
Transportation and tOffl'll.lnication
W..\ler tnlnsportation 1s,o .1
Longshoremen and ste..,~cres
SD i I ors, deckhands. nnd boatmen
Road and street trl'lnsoortation t•.0.1
Chauffeurs and tn,ck and tractor drl..,ers
Ora)'ffltn ard teM&Sters
Garage labo r ers
laborers for tn,clc, transfer. and cab co'IC)anies. and hostlers
La:,Orers, road and 3treet
1.2
1.4
1.8
2.2
18.1
21.2
0,2
0,3
9.5
11.3
0.5
0.5
0.5
o.s
,.2
1.5
5.0
Rai I rmd transportation •.o,I
Bagga.genen, freight agents, ticket and stat Ion egents
Boiler --ashers and engine hostlers
Brekemen (sleM rel I road)
0.3
Digitized by
0.3
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FEMALE
129
APPBNDIX C
r•• 1.
1)-U ■ Clll'I.OYCO
IOR((q5
o•
A ■O
A(ll[F IIAY l9J• ClU,.Fl[O 1Y OCCUPUtO•. AAC[,
5(X ,
uo
ALL
GAINFUL IOAl(AS I ■ CE•EAAL t'Ol'ULATIO• 19)0 CLA5SIFl[D 9T OCCUPATION,•
IU"Ll"GTOIII. Y[~OMT-CoUlo•d
,,,.
CfWSU,
occ...-ATION
TOTAL
•tCillO U0 OTH(A
914/ l(
TOTAL
IIIAL(
S:8,IAL(
..... ,
J(li!Aa.,£
r,..,..o,o,tat1o,1 alld c~ricat10f't lcont,nuedl
b , l r ~ tra.,~rt•tio,, 11i.o.t {co,it,~1
C(IIW'Jvctors
f,tt•
and
atrNt ra,lroac1J ano INS uw,.ck,ctors
0. 2
0.5
0.1
0. 1
0.5
0. 7
0.2
0. 9
0. J
0.1
Loc'7"0t '"'•
~i"8er1
loc:C11110t1.,. to,...,
lbtor...-,
S.itd-,. 11.,_., • ...., yarfN"
[apr"HI , ooat, radio, t e l ~ . and ,.,1~raph • · • ·•
f•prtn 4.gianu, ••oreu .,,se~r•. 911d ra 1l-ay . . 11 clerk1
lla i l cur,e"
Tell'Ohofle W'ld telit9n.ptl I 1,_.n
Tel~rap;, IIIH~rl
0.5
h l~rapf'I ana r~,o ope,.ator1
Tel•phofte operators
0.2
OtMr trM~oartat,on and COlaUfttc .. tion """"''''
F'or~ a'-10¥e"Nr1
lr,1oector1
LaDor•rs
Propr,etort and 111e""91'rt"
cu.. ,
oc.cuoat 101"11 1
r,_
~rti1i119 agents
c~rc,-11 trawe\et"I
()el 11,af')'lNft
o.,
0.6
10.9
11.8
0.2
2.J
O.J
2. 7
J, I
J.~
0.1
0.)
0.8
2. 7
6.2
F'loo,..1-ert , fo, ... n. a"Ci i n10Ktor1
l'dUranc• vd real •••••• ag.,.u . ,..,.ve,.,, IV'd 0H,c i1h
l.M,ortr• finclMOft pnrta,-s i"
••nc,~•
Pn:,p r ,etora
■ to,.,)
fhtl'ft1 rwhil daler•J'
lileU,i 1 ~alera
Sale~ and ule..,_.,
0, 7
).?
1.2
Ot...,, our~,u ,., trade"
...
lluol ic M""ice
2.8
J.)
,rofn1,onal service
0.5
o.~
0.2
O.}
Acton •nd ~ n
Arch i tecta . CleSi9"9t'I, dr11ft~. 11nd i"'1entor1
Art,sts, tc.ulptor1, ard teacher, of art
&.2
.._,,,ciana and teAChera of -.,,ic
reac"'-r•
Ttchn iul engi,...,.I
fra1ned
111.trNS
Ottwr prnfHt •~ • p.,r1uit1•
S..1orofeu1onal pv.-su,u•
Atlerdllnta Md helpert
O.J
O,l
12 . I
•.9
&lrt,era. hai rdraasers, and ,-r,icuri1t1
Boarding and lod9i"'9 house Keepers
o. 7
0. 5
Flootol•c•s
Cha,.,.,_., and clNnera
( 1rwator tenders
0.2
0,2
O.J
D:wantic aftd pet"IONII ..,,..,ice
l..aufldr; aAd dry clHning c.nen,
~rte rs l#'•cecit i" a torn I
100.0
I.~
~"II~"•
Hot~l .tnd rest4uf'ant kttp,!!rl and
,rr,l'ld 1t~rd1
Jan• tor• ard M•tons
l4b0r•rs
l,11.1nderrrt afld IM1ndrn1es (not In laundry)
Hou,~-~,.,
50. 7
1.5
.,."•n• anc:i OPf''"'tiwH
0,)
100,0
0.2
0,J
1.l
O.J
6.l
7. 9
1.2
0, 2
l .7
0. 5
JS.9
l.6
1, 9
5,2
Pra:::tic.al n&.1r1et
Str"'anll
•iters
?thtr "'°''91.fiu•
Clet'ieet occup,at i ona
o.,
,.6
.&9'f'ts, collector,, Md c,.Mit""""
8oci..11ee-~rs. c111ti,~rs, N1l"I -tecoYl"tanU
Clerks "Ot e l ~ r e clusif,ea
1.9
1.6
,.1
Ytlteft91tr, errand, and office 1>011 and girla
St~rai,her> and typisll
o. 7
o.,
,.1
Digitized by
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URBAN VORIBRS ON RBLIBP
130
T ■ blo
IJ-U•DIPLOYED &'ORIERS O• RELIEF MAY 19)4 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION, RACE, AID SOI, AID All
CAl•FUL -HRS II CUERAL POPIJLUION 100 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATIO■,•
BUTTE, MOITAIA
1111.IEI'
Cloca..TICJIII
-·
19'0
,au1.
. . ,,w
,or...
~
·----
...
~
'·*
0.6
0.1
0.5
0.1
5,51'0
100. 0
2.2
0.1
2.1
1.0
Extraction of ■ lnerahc
311.2
44.•
5'.2
-
lllnufacturing lflCI NChMical industrln
~-4
17.2
0. 4
0.8
0.2
17.6
16.)
0.5
1.0
0.2
Total 'l'Orkerw ,....,rt ing:
Agric1,1lt.,,..
Percent
fa.._" (oaner1 Md tenanu) and f .,,. .,,.,.,.
fana I aborwrs
Fishing UICI forettr, 11
Bobno
81ack... ltha, f o ~ • . . , . _ " " " '
lo
Brick and ttOtW -sona Md tll• 1.,._,..
&,i lding contractors
i, .,,.._.,..
Can,enten
Oreaaeiiers • ..,..,,,..ses, and 111il1 inera
Ehctric i.,,
Engi,..,.• l•t•tlOMryJ, crana.n, etc.
18,622
100.0
o.,
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
1. 5
o.,
o.,
I.I
2. 5
1.0
0. t
Fl,._,. (e•cept locOIIDtlve Md fire dllpart.nt)
1.0
1.t
0.2
fo,......
0.1
0.1
1.1
0.5
1.5
0. 1
end
ov•,....,.. (anufacturlngJ
fyn,ac...,. , ...1,.,..,_, heaters, and puddlar'I
lllllchiniata, ■ ilhrrighh, toolMkera, Ind die Ntte,_
Milna9ers &nd offlciah laanufac:turlngJ and enufactu,.r&
lllchaniQ not otherwiN specif i ed
Painters, 9luiera, enaalers, etc.
,.._,t,ongeno
Pluttrera and c-.nt finithen
'1\.IINrs 11N gea end ,, ... fitters
Aoofen: and 11 ate rs
- " ' ond collbleno (not In factory)
Skilled 110~er1 in printing•
Skll led .,,_,.. not .ala.ti.,.• clual fl_,
Str-uctur-al Iron •rk•r•
Tailors and tallorHMS
Ti """ltha and copper•itha
i,,.,
Operat
Building indu1try
Chelical and al lied lndv1trln'
Ci,.r and toblcco factories
Cle,. glan. Md atone i rduetrlHI
Clothing indwttrlet111
food and all led lnddtrlet 1
Iron and ltNI. llach l,.ry, etc. •-t•l•J
iron and ,t..1•
::~~~;!~:..st•c•t
l.uletr and fumlture industries•
Paper. pr lntl.-g, lndalllld lndu1trln"
Textile lndll,striN°
OUwr ....,facturlng and not ap«lfied indat r i..,
•
0.1
•
o.,
o.,
0.1
0.5
•
o.,
0,1
•
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.3
100.0 100.D
2.6
D.2
-
o. l
0.5
•
z.,
1.,
o.,
o.,
-
-0.1
0. 2
• -1. 1
0.1
-1.1
0. 1
--0. 2
0.1
2.0
-
12.1
•
-
0.2
0.1
•
-
0.1
0.1
0.1
••
•
•
0.2
--0. 2
0.6
1.4
o.,
0.1
o.,
0.1
-1.2
o.,
-
0.1
0.1
0.5
0. 2
0.1
0.6
1.2
2.1
0.1
0.2
O.t
o.,
-
0.1
laborers
.. lldl ... -rol. Md not -lf;al 1.-trln
0...ical ond olllod 1-trlH'
Ctay. tine. Md stone i,..tr in•
Food and al I ied l,_..atr i n 1
lrwi and ltNI, achl,.ry, etc. lnd111tr1nJ
Ulflt,,er and furniture l,.striN•
Other anufacturlng induatrlet•
Tranaportatlon and CCIIIIIU\icatlon
..ter tranaportation la:-1>. I
Lonpho,..., atld lleYtdorN
Sollors. -kholldo. Mel bootRoad and 1trwt tf"M9p0rta\.ion fa.o, I
Chauffeurs and trw::k and lractor drivers
Ora,-n ancl t - t • n
Cof'l90luor,rs
Labor91'1 for truck, trantfer, and eab COlllflll"IN, 1111d hostlers
Laborerw. road and 1trwt
Railroad trana,,ortat lon u .•. t•
~ - fr, itl,t
ticket Md stet lon - t •
Boller-"' Md°"''"° hootlono
,,...._ l•t- rall.-J
-t•.
-
1.,
1. 1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
••
•
-
2.6
----
1.2
2.0
-
---
0.3
o.z
0.2
----
5.6
t.5
11.2
1.4
•
--
--
--
1.5
0.5
0.1
l .t
2.2
O.!
0.5
0.3
0.1
•
•
0.1
0.1
•
-
0. 1
-
•
0.2
.-
0. 2
,..-
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
•
•
•
-
Digitized by
-
,.4
-•
---
~
,._.
20
18
100.0
100.D
-
-
40.0
----
--
12.5
-
-12.5
--- -- --- --- --- -- -- -- --- --- ---- ---- --- ---- -- ----- -- 10.0
- - -
---
---
--
---
Google
APPENDIX C
131
role 1)-UIOl'LOYED 9011£11S 01 AELIEF IIAY u,, CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, ~•CE, ANO SEX, ANO ALL
I.AINFUL IIOAICIIS II ~EIEAAL l'OPULlTIOI 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
BUTTE. MONTANA-CollC lll11•d
~
cosus
R(L l(F 10"'
1930
OCCU,ATIOII
MUTE
TOT ...
IMU
IIIIEGRO .\ND OTIER
F[IMU
IMU
F£1MU
Transportation and caaunicat ion lcontiflUedJ
•nraac1
transportatiOl'I 1•••• 1 lcontlftUl'dJ
Cond.c:tors (It.,_ and ltrNt railroads) and bul conductors
Fo,.._ end Offl'SNr9
~,..,..
~ t i v e qi,..rs
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_,,o,._..
s.,;,_,
fl.,.....
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telegraph l•.o. I
.,..u • ..,,.... . ...,.,..., and rail-, • i i c1ert.a
tel .. raph 1i -
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c__,,..ic ■ t
~Ising ...,.,a
C-rcial travelers
0.1 ive,.,..,.
nOOl"allars. fo,_,., llftd INPIICtOf"I
a,llfl ,..., nt ■ t•
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-
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0.1
0,2
-,.nu. anegers. and officials
....,rers lincludH ,orten in stornJ
l'nlll'rietors leiccept r'9tail dealenJ'
lltuil cMalers
S.lH!lefl Md wJ...,..n
Other pursu i ts i n tr.de"
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0.1
0,1
0.1
0.1
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6.6
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0.6
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1.7
0.5
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, ro f•s lonal serv i ce
7. 2
2. 2
1, 1
6. 9
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Acton and MOMetl
Archi tects, des igners , dr-afta•n , and Inventors
Art ists, 1e11lptor1, and t.e achen of art
b l c l ant and teac:Nra of -.is i c.
0. 6
Teechef"I
2.1
Techn ical eng l t'INra
Tra i ned nurses
Ot"er profess ional pursu i ts"
S..ipn,fHs io...-1 pursu i ts•
AttandanU Md hel,-ra
0.8
0. 8
1. 9
o..nt ic and penol'III Nrv lce
llrtMtrs , Ni rdrnNrt , end ..,,ie11r l1U
lc,,e.n:t i ng and l odg i ng house keepers
lootbhch
a......,..,.
a nator
and c l Nftlra
tenders
Hotel and ,..,t -.irant he,ers Md •ft89erl
HDU....,.rsMdal... rda
Jenltora and NXtOM
~
.....
Latnder-.ra and 1euftd r NNI (not l o 18"NlryJ
L.aundry and dry c lNnlng OIINf"I , Mt1a99r1 , and operat Ives
,Ortars (except In llor'M)
rract ic.al nunea
~rvanll
•iters
Other purs.,Ju•
Cleric.al occ.upa t ION
Aeents. coll.c t ors , Md credit ,_,
lookkeepers , cash lera , and acc<>Ufltanu
Claf'U not,,....._,.. c l ass i f ied
..._..,._,., e r rand, and off ice boys and g l rls
Stenographers and typ ists
....... _,_..,.
,.,.,
0. 2
0. 1
0. 2
0. 7
0 .2
0.2
0.2
0, 1
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0.1
0, )
0.4
0,1
0.2
0.2
IJ . 0
11 .2
1. 1
1.2
0. 2
0. 1
0.1
0,1
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.
0. 7
0. 7
0. 1
0. 1
0.1
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0,1
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0. 1
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0. 6
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0.6
0. 2
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0. 8
0. )
). 7
0. 6
e. 2
0.1
0.9
2.6
29.8
1.5
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0. 1
0.6
0. 1
7. 7
).7
2. 1
11. 4
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0, 9
0, 1
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2.8
2.6
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0,6
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0. 2
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6. 5
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1.2
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0.1
0.1
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0.1
0.2
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-
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0,8
0.1
0.1
o.,
..,..
_...,.
•
0.1
0.2
0.1
•
Tel .. raph.....,...n
Tele-graph and red io ooerators
Telephone operators
Other transportation and
F'oraan end ~,....,..
lna,«tors
0.6
a,'(t
• i i urriers
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.
o.,
0.2
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132
Toblo 13-U•EMPlOYEO •ORKEAS ON RUIEF MAY 19)4 ClASSIFl[O IY OCCUPATIOII , RACE, AID SEX, ANO All
G4UfUL •ORK[RS 1• GENERAL POPIJUTION 19)0 CUS51Fl[O BY OCCUPATION , •
CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA
Alli £F t93'
CDSIS
=t
OCClJP AT I 011
19,0
ll>TAI.
tttl fE
IOTAI.
NGflJ MID 0TMOt
ltM.£
F01.M.E I MALE
f'B'-AU:
1.m
1.345
100.0
1,415
100.0
5.4
4.6
0.1
4.5
27 ,)68
100.0
5,801
100.0
1,808
100.0
0.9
0,1
4.3
0.4
4.0
0.9
3,1
0.)
26.2
0.4
0.2
0.)
0.)
0.2
40.3
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.1
1.5
0.7
Carl)flnters
2.6
3.8
8.5
0rea.akers, scant rHaes, al'd 111i 11 iners
1.1
Electricians
EnglnHrs (statio,,ery). cranenen, etc.
n renei lexceot loc0f90t1ve and fire dePArtlMt'ltJ
0.5
0.6
0.4
).5
0.4
0.4
0.7
1.4
0.5
0.)
For'""" and overseers (alll"lufactu,.ing)
Fumace1111n, . . 1teri,ien, heaters, and puddlers
chlnists, 1111llwr-l9ftts, tool111ak1rs, and die sellers
Managers aod officials (11M1U(acturin9J nd .,..,racturers
Mech.,lcs not otharw1H spe,ci fiod
0.5
0.2
0.5
1.0
1.0
0.6
0.2
0.8
1.5
0.7
2.5
0.4
Painters, glaziers, en1N1lers. etc.
1,3
0. 1
0.1
0.6
7.6
0.1
0.)
4.6
Total -,rt,ers reporting :
4tiricul ture
Fa,_rs (ownen Ind tenants) and fa,fan1 laborers
tishlng and forestry•
0.1
2.2
2.1
0.4
100.0
1.4
0.4
1.0
o.4
5.0
0.7
&traction of •ineral1'
"'-'ufactur-ing 1r1d 1"Ch nical industries
P,,.llers
81ack5ffli ths, forgcnen, .-id ha.~raen
Boi Ierruker1
Brick and stone ""lsons
and ti
le la,ers
&.ii1dinq contractors
Paper hangers
Plasterers and
tfll'lel'lt
flni;,ers
Plud>ers and gas and s\1911 flt ters
bfers ond slaters
ShOe,'118kers and cobblers lnot In fec.tor-y)
Ski 11 ed 11110rkers In prlnting 0
Skilled worliien not eltiewtiere clusified•
Strvctural Iron
Tailors and u, loresses
TinS'll1 ths and copper,-i ths
.,,-e,1
Oper•tives
&Ji lding industry
O.traic.al ,r'ld •Iliad indu1tries''
Ci9.ar m'\d tot,ac.ca f-.:tories
Clay, glass. and stone ,nd.iatnes9
Clothin9 inellstrles"
Food and al I ied in~atries 1
Road and 5treet transportation u.a. I
O,auff1L1ts and trvck end tractor drivers
Ora)'MO Md teamsters
Garage laborers
laborers for truck. transfer. and cab c~nies, and hostlers
laborers, road and street
2.6
0.9
2.6
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.)
0.2
0.4
1.0
0.8
0.2
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
I.I
0.5
0.3
I.)
o.,
0.6
7.5
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.1
1.6
3.6
0.2
0.1
0.9
1.1
0.9
0.1
).6
1.0
0. 7
2.5
1.8
o. 7
).8
7,3
0.2
0.2
0.7
0.6
1,4
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.6
0.5
0.1
11.5
11.8
14 .1
).1
0.5
).3
0.3
0.4
1).8
0.3
4.3
7.1
1.6
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.)
0.3
0.1
Transportation and COlffllUnic.ation
W ter transportation 1s.o.1
Longlhorcnen and st~edores
Sai I ors, deckhands, and boat,r,en
0.1
0.2
1.2
0.2
.
).6
1.0
27.6
0.2
0.4
1.0
0.4
5.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
B,ak_, 1st- rail rood)
and •t•tion ~g9\ts
).0
0.2
6.1
0.6
0. 7
1.5
5.4
0.2
6.2
3.0
0.4
2.5
1.5
0.2
o. 7
o.,
o. 7
0.8
1.2
0.5
31.1
0.1
1.0
0.)
0.2
2.5
).)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
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0. 7
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:n~emen.• ~•~1.,,-:T"n!'t.o!!l:~!
..,.
0.2
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0.4
0.1
0.1
1.6
2.1
0.4
0.1
14.8
4.6
13.4
o.4
o.4
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Laborers
a.dlding, g.,eral. and not specified industries
Chtnlcal -"d all led industries'
Clay. glass, and stont lndustriu9
Food and all led industries 1
Iron and steel, ,aachinery, etc. lndustrlesJ
l.u#lber and fumiture inci.tstrle.~
Other 11ta11ufacturin9 lndustrlesq
,.5
0.)
1.0
)9.4
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.4
0,4
Iron and steel, •c.h,nery, etc. industrlesl
Wet41 industries, e,cccpt iron Md stee1 11
leeither lndu:;tries 1
L.uniber and fumi lure ln4.istries9
Paoer, printing, and allied industdes"
Tnti le inGJstries"
Other 'Mnufacturing and not S(le(.ified ,nclt1triesP
R.ai I road tran1p0rtation
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APPBNDU C
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0. 1
0.6
0. 1
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0. 1
0. 1
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0. 5
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•• , e,r,,, •• ,...
TelW'Cll"'e a,,d UlPOr•tf\ I i...-..n
hlit9rlNllfl -Han~,,
Tela,gra~ and rld10 ONrators
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Oth t>r tre,1sc,ort ■tio,, W"CI coi.-un,cat,on
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1.5
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and ~ , . , , .
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Fl0>,...l-e,s, for---" . .,-, 9n1oect o r1
tnti.1raite ... ,...1 "tale ...,-it1 , aanac,1tr1 , lf"CII off1t i 1l1
1.0
0.1
0.8
0.2
0. 2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0. J
15 . 1
10.5
16 . 1
12 . 6
0. 1
o. 5
1.0
0. 1
0.1
0.1
1.9
0,1
0.2
0. 2
O. J
0.1
0.1
0.2
o.e
1.1
Lalor~ lincluctes ocu·1era i,i atorHJ
1.5
p,.op,,11ors
■-•
I.I
, .. ceot ,.•tail dNl.,.s) 1
0.J
0. 5
0, J
0.1
0.9
5. 1
0.2
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s.1....,,_,1,,cttal.......,.
5.1
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0. )
0. 2
0. J
0. 1
0.2
0. 2
0.5
0. J
o.,
2. 5
o.,
11 . 9
9. 1
0, J
I. 7
0, H
0, J
1.9
8. 7
0.•
0. 7
II. I
0. 8
0. 2
0.2
Mll e 11rv1ce
2.•
0.9
o.•
7.2
2.4
0.6
ActOfS a n d ~
0.1
0.1
0,1
0.1
Arc.f'i,t«: t 1. M1,qr,ers, dr1ft1flllen , Ind ,,..,entor1
Art, 1t1. Ku l otors. Md teai::her, of art
tuchert of
and
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fec,wi , c.al ..,q i neet'I
,,.,ft.. ""''"
Ott1..- or o fe,, , ~ t ourtu,tt"
S.1oro f n1 , on1I pu , 1,u, t,•
Al t lf'ldatltl W\d ti elc,,ers
Dc,anti c end " ' 10n,1I 1erv , ce
0. 1
1.2
0.8
0. J
1.0
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0.5
0.2
0 ,1
0. 5
0. 5
0. J
o.•
0.2
27. 7
2}.9
1.0
11.2
o.,
0.2
!ertiert, l'l11rdr11Mrs , Wld ..,.cu,,111
and 1009,nq ~ouw ii.e,eper1
0.8
o••
0.1
0. 2
0. 2
0. 1
O.J
0.J
El.,,etor tenaers
0.1
0.1
"totel 1ftd rnt~rant keeoers and ..,..,~r•
"'°"1Mlaeepers Md st-rds
o.•
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.6
Jsi•lOf'I ll'ld
w-tons
Leore-f\
la,tld•rer1 IIWJ 1-.ndrrlMS (not u, la,ndryl
l.euftdr') .,d dty c. : ean1"'9 c.ners, ..,,aq1r1, and operat••ft
Porte,, t••ceot 1n stornJ
'r•c. t ,cal ""''"'
~,•.,t,
. . , ters
i9e,,t,. col l K. t ors .
0.6
0.2
7.9
J.0
0.6
0. 6
IJ.•
0 .8
•
Ott.tor cru~,,_.
e. 1
CleflU I oc cupa t 10ft1
.-td cnd i t...,
Boold,~r, . c nti,er, , W'd K count.,,U
C l tn.s r,ot els•ere clus i f1ea
llnu,'l;,.r , errand,~ office bo,s .tnd g1rl1
Ste,,o.;rapl'lus a,,d t,-p11U
O.•
0. 3
Boens rno
and clHner1
0. 5
1.1
}. 7
0.2
2.2
0.2
0.2
•
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o,,. r.o.n
o.,
0.7
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0.1
.,.,,,.,ot,
lf'IAP«lors
l..tbor1rt
, ,oo,,•tora
0,1
0. 1
0. 1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.5
o.,
1.8
o.,
0. J
0. 2
o.e
.
1.•
0. 2
0.2
0. 2
0. 2
9. 8
0.1
77.1
0.1
o.s
o••
0. 2
1.0
2.2
0. 1
0.1
25.6
0. 1
o.e
0.6
0. 4
I.I
0. J
2. 7
2.8
J .6
2.0
0.6
'7 . 8
0. 5
18 . 2
0.1
0.7
0.6
J .J
•.1
, .1
0.5
O.J
0.2
9. 5
0. 7
5. 9
0.1
1.•
2. 1
0.2
2. 1
I.I
o.,
0,9
IJ. 1
2.•
0.9
6.J
0,9
0. 1
0. 2
5.5
0,J
1.6
O.•
2. 1
0.2
0.2
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URBAN WORKBRS ON RBLIEF
Table 1)-UIOIPLOYED WOUEAS ON RELIEF MAY 193' CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATIOI, RACE, HD SEX, HO ALL
ClllrUL WO!UEAS 11 C[l[RAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED 8Y OCCUPATION,•
CN&ALOTT[, NOUH CAROLINA
C£M$US
OCCUPATI
Total
rli.ers r~rtlng:
:,.
Agriculture
fanr-ers l~rs eno tenanUJ and fam 111enagen
hna laborers
19)0
TOT AL
)8. 146
2.829
100.0
«II
100.0
9.9
12.)
5.6
6.7
0.7
100.0
0.9
0.2
o. 7
Extraction of 11lnerahc
8.0
tiEGAO 4ND OTHUI
100.0
1.113
100.0
100.0
5.9
IJ.5
6 .0
)OJ
2.5
5.9
u.
6 .0
)).7
0.1
29.8
0.1
0. 4
!111.0
0.3
81 ac.k,-i ths, forg111en, and hlffl'lll!,-n
Bol lemakers
Briclil and llon. ~ • and ti le layers
&Ii lding contractors
1.1
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.)
0. 7
2. 2
0.6
Carpenters
Ores
ers, SeMlltresses, and 111illlners
Clectrlcians
Engineers Ist t IONry J. cranenien. etc.
fireaen lucept loecnolive and fire depan..ntJ
1.7
0.5
0,5
0.)
0.2
1.)
5.1
o.,
0.1
0.4
0.7
Foremen and overseers ,_,,_,recturin;t
furnKef!lltn, 9'111teraen, he ters. and puddlen
hinlsu. i llwrigMs, tool
ers, and die setters
na;ers Md officials (.....,fecturlngJ and -.nufocturer1
0.6
0. 4
2.2
1.0
0.5
0.1
Painters. glazlers. en...elera, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and c..-ent finistwtrs
PIIMers and gH and st6M fitters
Roofers and slaters
Shoetnakers and cobblers (not In factory)
S'-illed workers In prlntin9d
Skilled workers not elsewhere claulfi.r
Structural iron wr.>r111.tra
Tailors and tailo r esns
Tln.-nl t hs and co~ersniith1
Opctrat ives
8uild1r19 ,nduUry
~ic.al Md al 1 ied indu1trlesf
Cigar and tob&cco factories
Clay, glass. and stone i nciustr1es9
Clothing industries"
Food ard allied indu1tries 1
Iron and s teel, aachinery, etc. indu1tr1esJ
li6ttal lnctu1tries, ~xcept i ron and steel 11
Leather lnctustries 1
unber and furniture Indus tries"'
Paper. printing, al"d a111ecl industries"
Textile industries0
Other Nnufacturing
am
not specified lndu tries'
Laborers
Building. gtneral, and not specified Industries
Ch.7ilcal and al 1 ied lndustries f'
Clay. glass, and stone lndustrles9
Food and al I led industrlcs 1
Iron and steel. machinery, etc. il'ldustrlul
unbar and furn1ture industries-9
Other ,qnufscturing lndust rinq
Tr.,nspor t atlon and c~nlcation
0.1
1.8
1.8
1.1
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.1
1. 1
0.3
Laborers for truck, transfer,andc.ab coq,aniea, and hostlers
Laborers, road and st rHt
R ilroed transportation 11.0.1
Bagg~n. freight ogents, ticket and station agents
Boller washers and engine hostlers
Brakenen (ste.. rai 1road)
2. 1
LJ
8.9
0.5
0.2
0.5
1.8
1.5
).3
o.,
0.7
2.2
1.8
6.1
2.0
0.1
1.6
0.2
o. 7
) .8
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.9
0.1
0.4
0.7
,.5
0.1
0. 2
O.l
o. 7
0.2
1.1
0. )
0.3
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.5
0,3
0. 6
0.1
1.0
0.4
0.2
1.0
0.5
0. 4
0.1
0. 2
0,1
6.2
. 8.2
~:1
1. 7
1.3
2. 7
0.8
0.1
0.2
5.1
0.5
o. 7
0.2
2.0
7.3
0.2
0.8
0.4
0.6
1.1
0.5
0. 7
18.l
0.7
49.5
0.3
0.3
1.6
2.8
2.2
1.3
0 .1
0.1
0,)
0.2
2.2
1.1
1.6
10. 2
10.0
4.9
7.4
1.1
0.4
6.9
2. 4
3.6
0.2
0.1
0.1
0. 4
0.4
0.1
0. 1
0.2
0. 7
0.1
D.2
0.7
0. 1
2.7
Digitized by
0.3
12.l
3.3
21. )
Water transportat ion 11. 0. 1
Longshor..,n Md stevedores
Sal lors, deckhands, &nd boalnlen
Road and 1treet transportation 1•• 0. 1
Chauffeurs and truck Md tractor drivers
Oraymen and te,rnsters
Ga rage 1aboren
6.0
0.)
0.1
:,0.0
Bakers
ltilechanics not othe,..I• specified
•
1.9
O. l
Fishing anc:t forestry•
Manufacturing and flle(.ha,,lc.al Industries
'IICITE
TOTAi.
O.J
0.4
0.2
Google
0.3
APPENDIX C
T ■ Uo
135
l}-UIEV•lOY£0 -•EijS 01 ~[l1[r VAY 19J C ClAS S lrl[O BY OCCUPATION , RAC[, ••o SEX,
GAINrUl ■ OIUE~S I I GE•E~•l POPUlAl 10• 19JO ClAS Sl rl[O BY OC CUPATION , •
CHARLOf f ( .
uo
All
• OR f h CA~O l I NA--- Cou Uu d
C (lll~,i
1910
TO I &&.
OCCull'ATIOII
TOU.&.
Trert'P0"1,at i0ft lfld cO'Ml.ln icat,on lcont, nuf'l'f)
st.\ lrOtld tra~po,.tat 1c,,1 1, . 0 .
J
lcO"'t i nued J
Cc,rcluctors htu111 am strwt r• it roeosJ aM bus cO"Ouctors
For Pl!'" and oi,erSNr1
t.abot'ers
UlCcnolive engineer,
lac::01110l t..,. f ir.-.,n
0. 1
0.1
0. 8
0. 1
1.6
0. 1
0. 1
0. 2
0.2
0. 1
l.l
0. 7
0 ,6
0.1
0,1
0. 1
O. J
0.1
0 .1
0. 1
0. 1
0 .2
O.J
18 .6
7,0
u. l
llotorwn
S.i tct.an, fl.,..., and ,.,..._.
C..prn1 . ,o1t . radio. telec,hCW'e, aftd teleqr•c,h
, .o
0.7
0.)
u . o. ,
C.prns .....-u, ..-preas • • ~ r t, al"ld r1 i l•r •il clarh
IN i I carriers
falephone end tale,rasif' 1 iNllllft
Telegraph aHW"9e''
Jel"9raph and rad io o,erator1
Telephone operators
0. 1
0. 1
0 .2
0. 1
o.,
o.,
l.O
2. J
0t•
trans,ortat ic,,, end c ~ iution P1,,r~ i ts
f' or""'" and over ...,,
ln~tors
~rers
Prop r i rtol"'I at"ld ~ r s '
Othitr occupat i ons•
o.•
Trade
l,.allorars l ire hides porter s in stores)
0 .8
0 . .£
2. 0
l.J
-"°>'•
Pro,r 1ctors
o.,
(..::ept rwtai I NalersJ'
A.fa il dealers
S,.lesi,en and uln11011en
Other purswits in tradev
J ,4
1.7
O.J
I.I
J.2
7· '
"·'
1. 5
Profeuional wrvice
Act ors and sha.ae,,
0.6
1.6
0.2
1. 9
0.2
J .J
0.5
1.7
1.J
0. 7
O.J
1.8
0.4
Ot~r profeu iOflel pwrsu i tt"'
S.. i prof~uicnal pursuits•
o.,
0. 1
0.2
AltenNrltl llftCI helper■
O. J
0.2
22. 9
)9 . 8
0 .9
0 .5
0 .2
0, 2
0 ,2
ttr,tel arid ,.. ., .. ,... , -...,.,. &I'd •neoe,.s
end .,... rd,
Hou. . . .
J..-.H ors and N1Ctons
\Mtiol'art
0 .6
O. J
c,e,,
1.2
O. J
l. 7
,n laundry)
■no
Practical "'""'
Servants
,.. i titrs
purau i u•
occupetjo,t■
. . . . .. co11actors , end credit ...-.
8oolikeeper1. cashier,. and accountantt
Clerift not el.,....ra cl ■ n i fied
MnNftl■ r , itr,.a,-:1, and office ktyt ,.--, g lr h
and t ,Pitll
~nth,et
I.)
0.9
0. 7
1.1
2. 0
c1..,.,.
8. )
1. 1
0,8
Technical -"9iNer't
Tra i ned nurws
lblest ic and penon,al NN ice
8arbet"1. hairdreuers , W'ld -.n icur i1U
brd i"9 and l~9 i "9 houN ... pars
9ootb lec:h
Cha~ ~
(1..,etor tenders
1.1
7.2
0. 2
o.,
0.1
o.,
St.,..,..,.,
I.)
o.,
Arcti itecu, desi9ners . draft....,. , ~ it1wef'lors
Art i sts , sculptors. and tNChtrs of 1rt
•siciana and teachers of ..,,ic
TMChar'S
uundry end dry clean i"9 o,.-.ers . ~ n .
Portitrs (uceP1 in ttoresJ
8.1
1.1
Puolic Nrwice
Clerical
11 . 2
J. ij
FIQOrll9111er-s, for....-n, .,-, in1ptetor1
11\SUrW'te ~ rN1 atat• agent s. ~ r t • .J"d orf ic ials
Other
o.,
8 ,J
0.2
Advert i s i r19 ,.,ents
Co-erc ial travelers
Oi! l iYff,,._"
lAunder'en Md 1.,ndrw,e1 (not
0.)
o.,
2. J
0,4
0 .6
12. •
I.I
.
2.)
1, 0
0. 7
1.6
o.,
J .5
0.9
0, 1
1.4
0.8
2.9
0 ,8
I.I
) .0
0.1
0. 5
o.,
I.J
• •5
0. 1
0. 1
o.,
0 .8
8. 5
1. 6
0 .9
0.)
5. 7
).)
0 .1
6, 9
66.0
J .J
0 .9
0. 8
2. )
0.9
1.0
0. 4
0,J
0. 1
8 .9
0. 1
2. 0
o.,
2!> . 4
1.1
91 . C
0. 7
o.,
J.2
17 . 5
0.)
0.7
4. 6
0. 1
0,)
IJ , 2
) .)
U.5
2.9
1.0
0, 1
0.4
2. 7
0.5
2. 2
1.6
1.6
o. 7
Digitized by
0. )
0.6
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON R&LIBF
136
hble 1)-UNEWPLOYED •ORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 1934 CLASSIFIED 8Y OCCUPATIOII, AACE, AND SEX, AID ALL
GAINFUL •ORKEAS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOII,•
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
_,
Total •orkers reporting:
IIE:LIEF 19)4
CENSuS
OCCU~A'f IC)I
1910
TOTAL
TOTAL
WHIT£
MALE
1,558,858 119,820
100,0
100.0
Percent
.
I.I
0.2
0.3
0,8
LI
1.3
0,4
0.9
L7
0,1
0,4
0,6
36,2
44.8
5).)
0.5
8lacks111itM, for9ei,en, and ...,_,,.,.
Soi ler"'8kers
Br iclo. aod stone nl!Sons and ti le IA1en
&i le11ng contractors
0.5
0,2
0.1
0.5
0,3
0.8
0,4
0.2
2.0
Car~nters
1.8
Ores!tfflakGr'S, MMetrnses, and 11i 11 iner1
0.5
Electricians
Engineers (stet ionaryJ, cnneftlen, etc.
Fir..en (ucept locO'IIOtive and fire departnant)
0,8
0.8
0,2
Forenen and o,erseers l•nufacturingl
Furnac~n. smelterme-n, heaters. and ca,ddlers
0,8
0,1
2.)
1.4
Fana I &borers
Fishing and forestry"
btract ion or ,.int'talsc
Manufacturing ano 1111Chanical industries
Bakers
W.C.hinists, ,ai\l,.,i{lhts, tool•kers, and die settera
Managers and officials (1111nufacturingJ and •nufacturers
Wechanica not otherwise specified
1.e
1.7
Painters. glazier1. enenielers. elc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and Ceftlltlt finiahers
Plunoers and gaa and steaa f itt-,s
0.3
0.6
0,1
Roofers and s liaters
0.3
0.1
1,3
0,)
2.1
0,5
1.7
0.5
LZ
).4
1.9
1.0
0.8
0.7
O.)
1.•
0.3
0.3
2.2
1. 7
2.3
2.)
0.1
0.8
0,7
0.1
0.1
1.0
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.7
1,9
0.2
1.2
2.6
0,)
0,)
0.5
0.4
0,9
0.2
3,2
0,4
0,1
0.1
o.5
Oi:ierativn
Building industry
Ctienical anl al I 1ed industriesf
0.1
0.1
0,4
0.1
0.)
2,2
2,8
0.1
0,)
4.6
o. 7
0.5
1,3
1.4
0.1
4.1
1,2
0,9
0.7
0.4
3,6
1.7
0,1
0.1
Iron and steel, ac:hinerr, etc. industriesJ
llttal industries, exceot iron and steel"
1,8
0.3
),4
leather industries
t.u.:ler and furniture industries•
Paper, printing, and allied iMustr,es"
Textile industries 0
Other ,-nufactu-ring and not specified indU$lri.sP
0.)
0.5
0.9
1.5
L3
1,2
1
0.5
o. 7
o. 7
0.3
0.1
0.4
0,9
1,3
2, l
0.3
0,9
0,4
0.1
2.0
3,0
1.0
0.2
0.1
0.)
Cigar 4nd tobacco factories
Clay. glas!., and st~ industring
Clothing indus\r1esh
Food •nd all iect industries 1
0.8
0,1
0.1
0.4
L4
0,3
TinSffliths and coppers..ltha
0,4
19.l
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.7
0.1
o.e
0.5
o. 7
o.e
0.5
41.8
0.)
o.,
0.8
0.9
0.2
0.7
0.)
)).1
1.)
0.1
0.9
I,)
FEMALE
0.4
Shc,en111kers and cobblers (not in factory)
S~illed •orkers in orintingd
Skilled workers not elswhere classified•
Structural iron workers
hi I ors and ta, loresses
0.2
lllLE
70.)70 19,350 17,930 12,170
100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
0.2
Agriculture
Farniers (Oillflert and tenants) and far• ,..,.,aottrs
NEGRO MIO OlllEII
FEIMLIE
1.0
0.2
0,2
5.8
e.8
0.1
0.1
2.5
0.1
0.7
0.4
0,1
0,3
0,8
3,3
2.9
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.3
1.2
0.3
o.,
).6
4.0
2.2
0,2
0.1
0,7
1,8
0.2
4,3
Q.2
5,6
1, 7
0.5
1.0
1.6
0.2
1,0
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
6. 7
0,2
0.)
1.0
1.5
0.2
0.8
9.2
11.7
1,.1
3.0
16.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
--
0.3
6.5
5,7
4,)
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.1
3-3
laborers
~~~!J• .:n:;~:~
~nd=~r~_:iifiea inaustriH
Clay, glass, and stone industries•
Food and allied 1ndustries 1
Iron and s.teel, ,-:hinery, etc. industri_.j
lutN)er and furniture industries•
Other llllf'lufacturing inoustriesq
Transportation and cCW1111L1n icat ion
later trans portal ion 11. o. ,
longshorenen and stevedores
Sailors. d•ckhands, and boatnen
ROid and street transportation la.o. I
Chauff'eurs and truck and tr«:tot" drivers
Draynaen and te,!lflllters
Garage laoorers
2.6
0,)
laoorers for truck. transfer, and cab COIIIPll'lies, and host1trs
0.2
0.1
l.aborer1. road and st rut
0.3
Railroad transoortation , •• o. I
:-:-n::e:e~he~~e~tena:~:!!·t1o!:~:~
Brakemen \5te1111 rai I road)
and
station aeents
4.2
0,4
0.3
o.z
5.9
0.2
2,5
3.6
0.5
1,3
0.7
0.1
0.)
0.9
0,)
1,)
o. 7
0.2
0.1
0,1
0.2
1,0
Digitized by
0.2
0.8
4. 7
o.,
. . .
0.1
0.1
.
0.2
2.2
1,0
0,1
0,1
0.2
Google
0.2
137
APPENDIX C
r . . 1. 1,-u•EWPLOYED •OAl({R5 o• RELIEF WAY 193• CL.lSSIFIED BY OCCUPUIO•. RACE, AND SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL IIORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
CHICAGO.
ILLINOIS-CoelU•ed
'IIELllF 19,,
CEN$US
100
TOTAL
TOU.t.
Trerisc,orut1on arid c~n,cat,on lcont,nlledJ
Ra,lrom transport.1tion , •••. 11continuedJ
Conduicton hte.. and strNt ra1lroea1J
end
au, corductors
Fc,renen ano o,er.,.ra
l.Mo,.er1
LocOIIOt ,ve er19ineer1
Loccnct I we f I r.-.n
0.5
0.1
1,0
0,2
0.1
o.•
Woto,.,..,..
o.4
S.,tc~. ft...-n. end yardllen
2
J."
horns. post, redio, telegtlone and tel99r1pr, ls.o. t
Uprins ag.,,h, aprns •$t,enQers, ana ra,lqy 11a1I clerks
Ma, I caniers
Telecrione and tele,graofl I ,neae,,
f1"le<9rac,,n •uengers
Teleqrap11 and rMio ooerators
hlephofle o,-raton
0.1
0.2
O.l
0.1
0,2
1.0
0,2
0.1
2.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.1
2.B
0.1
0.l
0.1
0.5
0,2
0.1
0,2
0.2
0,1
0.1
0,2
0,1
0.3
0.3
0,2
.
0.3
0,1
0,5
0.1
0.1
0,2
. .
0.2
0,1
0.2
0.1
0.5
•.3
0.3
0,1
0,2
2. 7
0.1
Ot~r tra~porlat ion and tOIMIUfliUt ion pur,w,t•
F O"~n and ortersee r1
lnspe,ctors
laborers
Prc,prietor,. and ,,.,.qers'
Ot."'ctr «cup.at ions•
T,_
0.1
0,1
0.1
o.•
0.3
17,0
10.e
0.1
0.5
0.6
0.2
1.5
1,3
1.7
lnsurarce and ,... 1 estate•~"''• 11111nagers. and oHiciah
0.2
0.5
0,2
0.1
Labore,, (1ncludft porte" in stores)
1,4
1.1
0.3
0,3
1.5
3,e
o.•
1.e
2.3
7,2
0.5
3.4
2.•
0, 1
0.1
~liver,,-en
Floor..-ilk~rs, , ~ . a."1 ,rni,ector,
0,3
lllew,boys
Propr,eto,., (e-xc:ept retail dealersJt
;feta,;! dealers
Sales"ltn ,n-, salnw~,,
Other pur1ui1,1 1n trade"
I.I
o.,
O.J
o.•
o.•
Ad,,.-rt i1i"Q 10""''
Ca-Prci,11 travelers
0.1
0, I
11.3
0,2
o.e
0.1
12.8
0,1
0.1
0.2
0,2
11.e
1.e
0,1
0.1
1.8
0.1
0.1
o.•
5.9
0,3
0.1
o.•
0.6
10.,
1.2
1.2
1,1
0.5
0.2
I.I
0.2
Publ 1c ser-v ice
1.e
o.e
I.I
0,1
0,8
Profess,onal Hr-vice
e.e
2.5
2.3
3,7
0,2
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.5
0,1
0,1
1.2
0,1
3.3
AclM• ano ahOllfll9fl
o.•
0.2
Arct11tects. desi9ners, dtaftsnien, and in,,.•ntora
Artists, sculptors, and teachers of art
Yus,cians and tuchers of i11L1sic
Tea:hrtrs
Techn1c,1I eng ,neers
Trained nur~s
Other pt"ofess,onal pyrsuits"
Se,tt,profess,on,al pursu1u•
At teno.nt• and he I pen,
Dalitst1c and personel tervice
larc,,ers, ha1rdrP."ners, and "8t1icur1st1
Board•l"Mjl and l°""1ing, house keepers
0,3
0.5
O.•
o.,
1,3
0.3
0.1
0.6
o. 7
2.0
0.1
0.2
0,2
0.3
0,2
0,3
o.,
12.3
18.9
6.1
2e.e
0,9
0,4
o.•
o.•
0.2
1,6
0.1
0.2
1.2
0, 1
..
0,2
0.2
0.1
0.6
Elevator terders
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.3
Hotel and restaurant kHoers and 111an•r•
Housekeepers and steward'I
J,tn,tors iMl(J 1ext°"'
Laborers
Launderers and laundresHI (not in laul'ldry)
0.5
0.5
1.3
0.1
0.2
0,3
0.3
Launary and dry clun1ng, a.ners, •nagers, and ooerat1w-e1
Porters (except 1n stores)
Pr1'1Ct ical nurses
1.3
2.5
1.3
0.3
9.2
1.7
0,1
Aq.,lts, collectors, Md cr«t,t ..n
Bookli.eepers, c111h,ers, and accountants
Cleru not eJs..here classtf ied
Mes~R911tr, errand, and off ice tto,s and girl1
Stenographers and t1pist1
o.,
0,2
O.•
o.•
0. 7
0,2
•.2
1.4
0.1
16.•
0.6
2.7
9.(1
0.5
3.6
o.•
1.0
0.1
O.•
B.I
0.3
1,2
•.e
0.1
I.I
0,1
1.3
o.,
0.9
0.3
Bootblacli.1
Cl~ ical occup,at iona
o.e
0.2
0.3
U'l8~n and c luners
Ser.-&nts
•ai ters
Other pur1u1u•
0.3
0.1
I.I
o.,
0.1
0.1
0.3
O.J
0.3
3,0
1.i
72.2
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.1
o.,
O.•
0,2
2.5
0.1
0, 1
2.3
12. 7
1.6
3.3
7.6
15.2
0.1
•• 8
2.•
18,7
2.9
7,6
0.5
1.0
5,1
0.9
0,1
5.8
0.1
3.5
9.0
0,2
5.9
2,9
O.J
0,2
0,1
1.8
0,1
0.1
0,3
0,6
22.5
0.1
0, 7
0.3
0.1
2.0
o.e
0.2
47,9
1.1
0.1
2.1
0,1
0.1
1,0
0.1
0,8
,., ,_.,,.,..... •· ,.,. 13.10M 0-37--11
Digitized by
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIBF
138
Te• ' • 1'- UNEll,LOYEO
wo~•t•s
e.tllrUL
•ORrt•s
ON •ELltr WAY 193• CLASS IFI ED BY OCCUPATIOI , UC[, AID SU, AID
II C[N[UL POPULATION 1930 CLASSlrl[O BY OCCUPATIOI,•
CIIC I NUTI , OHI O
•u
CUl\1$
occu,1.r10t1
Total #Orhrs report,n,g.
"'°
=~t
TOTAi.
20),00)
100.0
o.a
Agnc~I ture
f'1!'Nn. lo.neri and t1n1nt1 J and
ram labore,..
f ■ ra
NM91rs
O.)
0.5
F1a"- i"9 aN:t for11try 11
0. I
Extraction of 19l,...r1l,c
Wl,.,,fectur lng ard aech.lnic.al l nch,1tr,e1
Bek.era
8hdlult~. forg9'1C!n, and "'-"""'""9"
loi l11'1118ker1
Brldl. and stone l"IUOnt and tile leyen
9'.tild,n; contractor,
)7.0
0. 5
0.2
0.1
o.•
o.•
1.6
Carpenters
D,u.,..Alr,, se ... tresses, and
illintl"'I
Electdc11ns
Engl ,,.. l1tallonuyl, c,.,..n, etc.
0.5
0.6
o. 7
0.)
TOTAi.
20,8)2
100.0
8, U 9
100.0
2.996
100.0
5,6'2
100.0
1.2
0. 5
0. 7
1.8
1.0
0.2
0. 8
1. 0
0.2
1. 7
0. 2
1.5
o.•
...
O.)
0.)
0.5
)
!19.•
50.5
0.2
0.1
0,6
0. I
0.2
I.I
0.2
0.6
0.1
1.8
•.2
D. I
o.•
o.,
o.•
o.,
o.,
0.5
o.a
1.0
0. )
0. 7
W.ch ln1 1t1, dl • rig"'u . tool-.k1r1, and die Ult.,._
~ r t and offlc itlt (NnUf■ ctur in;I and •t'llilfacturer,
2.8
l.t
1.•
1.0
0.1
1.•
0.2
2.5
0.2
2. 7
1.5
0.)
0.)
0.6
0.1
2, 7
0.)
2.0
0.9
a.1
0.7
1.8
o.z
2.0
o.,
0.2
locOM:> t 1¥1
and fire depar1-ntJ
t,,...,,.
lllechan1c1 not
oth,,..,,.
aoeci fied
P1 ,n ter1, gluier,. enaaaltt"I, etc.
ht> r ta•r•
Plasttret"I ard , ... nt f i n ist-era
Pl\#Nrs a/Id 9&1 and a te• fl tt er 1
Aooftrt &I'd thte ra
Shoelukers and cobbl ers lno t In factory!
Skll led -,rtcer"I In print i ng'
5"11 led -,rhr1 not ehewhere claul ritc::1 •
Strvctwral I n)f'I 1110rker1
Ta i lors and tailornMa
TlnM1lth1 end copp1r91I lhl
OperatlvH
&.illdln9 lndt.11try
Ole,,i iul and al 11.S il'ldu1lrie1 '
Cl9-1r and tobacco factorlH
Clay. 9lu1, arid I one lndua tr l e,I
Clothing indwstr lH"'
Food and all led lnd111 tr l e1 1
Iron and ltNI, 11echlnery, etc. lnd~s tr lt1J
Metal indus tr ies, bC.tPt I ron and 1tNI"
Luther lrdt.11trl11 1
u,llber and fwrn lture lnduttr i e.l'aper, pr lntin;. and 111 leo l ndustr l•l"I
Textile 1ndv1trlH•
Other aanufacturlng and not IC)ec lfi td inou1t ri11'
~• .!!-:~11
~nd l~~:, ::t•trleal
Iron and ttNI, ...ch lnery, etc. lnduatrlnJ
l,u,tiber and f1,1rn l ture lnduttr ln•
Other 1Mnufactt.1r l119 l ndu1tr lHq
Tra111portat lon and c~nlutlon
#ater transportat ion 11.a..1
Lo"'91ho~ and atevedorH
S. ll ora, dtckhlnd1. and boatnen
bd and llrMt tra,.portat Ion 11. o,I
Chawfftura and trudc and tractor dr ivers
Ora)"l'lef'I and le#III te ra
Garage labo,.ra
Laborers for truck, tra.nafer, and cab ~ n l11, and hostlers
Laborer,, ro.ct Md 1tre1t
Rall roed tran..,ortatlon 1• •0.1
Bll~o--n, ,,.. 1ght agenta, ticket and station agen ts
11Di1er wuhtra and engine ho1tl1r1
lraktmen (ltMII rallroad)
0.5
0 .9
0.1
0.6
0.1
1.6
0.2
1.0
0.1
5.0
0.2
D. I
0,1
o.a
0.1
1.2
0.1
1.)
1.•
2.)
0.8
0. 2
1.a
0. )
0. 2
0, 5
1.,
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.2
1.8
1.0
0. 2
0. 8
0.)
0. 5
0. 1
2. I
0.)
1.8
I.B
o.•
0.7
a.•
1. 5
0.8
1.2
0.2
2. 5
).0
0.9
1. 2
1. )
1. 2
0.)
2.2
5.5
1.8
1.8
2. 8
1.0
0.1
2.2
O.•
0. 7
0.9
o.,
0.)
o.,
2.9
,.2
0.5
O. I
0.2
I.I
0.1
1.2
0. 2
0.)
1.2
0.2
0,6
9.0
12. 1
o.8
1.•
I. 7
0. 1
1. 9
8.,
1.•
1.2
2. )
0. 9
...
1.2
6, 6
o. •
0.2
0.1
D.•
0.2
o.,
0.9
0.8
0.2
:!S.•
1.•
o.5
o.a
0.2
o. 7
2. 7
0.1
I. I
1'. 8
21. 5
o.•
0.1
2.9
o.,
0. 1
0. 1
0. 6
0.1
0. 1
0. 1
6.3
2. )
8.2
0. 5
0.1
0. 5
I.I
0.2
0.2
0. 1
0.4
0.6
5.1
0. )
o.•
0. 2
Digitized
0.2
0.2
0.5
o. 7
2.1
o.•
o.•
0.5
5.5
0.5
o. 2
0.2
I.I
..,
o.•
!.)
Labore rt
~!!~;:f• .:n:~~~~•~:!,~:,Ifltd l ndt.lstr ln
o.,
100.0
0. 5
2. I
I.I
0.7
For...., al'ld o..,.,._,., f•nufactu r lngl
~•tel"'I, ard puddler,
ru"'6C ... ,.., ll"lel
Fl,...,, lexceot
, . 7,5
0.5
1.•
0. 1
6.8
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o.a
APPBNDIX C
139
TMl• 1)-U•[MPLOY[O IORl[R! 01 R[Ll[F WU U)f CLAS!IFl[O IY OCCUPATION, RACE, 00 SEX, ANO ALL
c.AIIFUL IIORl[R! I• G[O[RAL P'OP\JLATIO• 19)0 CLASSIFIED BT OCCUPATIO•.•
CINCINNATI. OHIO-CoUUHd
,.,.
C("5US
0CCIIATl()II
Tr-,ortatlon •
TOTAL
0.6
0,1
0.9
0.2
0.1
0. 2
0,1
0.1
a!ITE
.... LE
N£GAO._AAD OT11ER
FEMALE
WAL(
HWALE
caaun,cation lcont,nuatJ
bdl"Oad tranaportation •.0.1 (continue,)
Conductors l1teM e,ld ,t,...t ra,lroactsJ and but conch.ctor1
Fo,._it anCII over9Nrs
Looo...,.
loc(JIIIIOtiwe engi.,..rt
Locca,t ,.,. f i r.-.n
IIDlO,,.,.
n....,.
s.,tdllNfl,
TOTAL
ane1 1•t"dlllln
[xpr••• poet, radio, telephone, and t•l~r•ptl 11.0.1
Exp,... a,entt. ewpreu 11111senpn, al'ld ra i I •1 • ; I c I arN1
W.1 l car-riers
Tel1phone and tele9raph Ii......,
1.7
0.1
0.1
1,0
0. I
0. I
0.)
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.)
Telegra,»h and radio operators
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
Teleohona o,eratora
0.8
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0,1
0.2
0, 1
o.,
0.2
0.1
0. 2
0,)
0,1
0.2
0.1
16,0
0.2
0,5
6. 7
8.9
0.1
Floo,...lliert, fo,....,., ■ nit i,.._to~
lnturence and r•I fftate aoents, ..,..,.,., and offic1al1
0.2
1.,
0.1
0,2
0.5
1,1
0.1
-....
0,9
1.5
1.6
0.1
0.9
0.1
Retai I dNl•,..
),9
SI I •-.n and .. 1e..,...,
Other- pur11.till 1n tradeu
6.8
o. 7
0. 7
1.6
0.6
D.2
1.2
1.8
o. 7
8.0
0,2
0,5
1,8
Tel ..re,tl ._...,,..,.,
'· 7
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.4
Other trar,sportatiOf'I afld coiaunicat,on purauit1
aro .,.,.,._.,.,
lnapec.tora
F'or.-.n
L.eDorers
llroor1eton afld 11ana911r1"
01r,er occupet 1on1•
T,...
.lchoerti11ng
11..,,u
COMln:1al traveler•
o.,
0.1,..,_.
laiorers I inc:11.tdet porters in 1to,...I
0.1
ltn,priatort (e.cept retail dealer1Jt
F\tltl
,c MN 1Ce
llrofnsionel Mt"Vice
Actor-1 111d shoillan
lf"t.l'lit«:U, deai9ner1, dr-sftlllll'tl, and inventort
Art,,u, sculotor1, and lNCkers of art
llwtici.,. end t..chers of "IIUlic
TNChet'I
T«:hftical envineen
0,)
0.6
1,6
Trained nur...
0.6
0.9
OU11tr p,ofusional pursuits"
S-iprofeuionel ,urauiu•
At tenclanta and ht I pe r1
2.)
0.5
0.5
1,.,
OaaNtlc 1111d personal Nrvice
.,..,., hainlreawr1, Md anicuri1t1
brding Md loC191n9 houH kHPer-s
lootbleclila
C.. ~ and clNMr■
EI r,ator tenders
Hotel and ,...,.,rant kNptra •nd
HouNk..-rs and ,, . . ro,
..,,.Oil,..
tao, ...
111d laundrnlN (not ift laundry)
Laundry MCI dry cleaning_,.,.., _,...,.,, and operativH
,.,-,.,. (except in atorN)
"'8c t ical
S.n,anta
riu,....
•iten
OU..r ,-,,aui u•
Clerical occupetlon1
lgent1, coll«:to,.., and cf'9dlt ...,.
._._,.,., C<llers, and accountant•
Clerils rw,t el ■-Nrw cluaified
11e1..,..,, erranc1, and office boys and girls
St .......... ra.ond t7plato
,.,........ _,
.....
0,9
o.,
o.,
Jani tore afW ••to,.
Launderer■
o. 7
0,2
0.5
o.•
1,0
0.2
0.9
1.,
0,9
o.•
5.6
1.1
0.1
1).0
0,6
2.8
6.9
D.)
2.6
0, I
0. I
0.1
0.1
0.3
),0
o. 7
o.~
1.5
D. l
0.)
10.1
0.1
0,2
0,2
,.,
0,1
0.5
29.2
8.1
o.,
0.5
).)
2.0
0.1
0.)
0.9
•
,. 7
2-J
0.1
o. 7
0.5
0,5
o. 7
I.I
o.,
0.2
0.2
0.1
D.5
o. 7
1.0
)8.8
15.8
0.2
0,2
0.1
1.9
0,2
1.•
0.5
93, 7
o.,
o.,
0.2
0.2
0.2
1.1
0.2
0.5
I, 7
D.1
0,9
0.4
o.,
0.5
8.9
o. 7
1.,
0.2
D. I
0,5
0. 7
0, 7
0,1
0.5
0.2
0.1
o.,
0.1
0.2
o.,
0,2
o.,
o.•
l.•
3,2
o.,
o.•
0.1
0.9
o.,
I, 7
7,0
2.,
19.8
0.6
6.2
5.f
0,2
D. 7
15.2
2.5
0.2
1,9
1.1
14.0
ID.I
5.0
1.6
61. 7
0.9
,.,
5.6
5.8
0.6
0.2
0.1
0,)
o.,
D.2
o. 7
I.I
1.9
0.)
O.)
),5
2.1
2.1
0.5
0.2
1.8
1.3
0.2
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Tab I e 1)-UNEMPLOYED •ORKERS ON R( LIEF MAY 193• CLASS IF I (D BV OCCUPAT I OIi, RACE, AND SEX,
AND ALL
GAINFUL .ORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
CLEVELAND, OHIO
AELIE.F 191'
CENSUS
occuP-.T 1Qtil
Total worliiers reporting:
Nl#ftbtor
Perc@flt
lqriculture
Fal"lftll!rs (OW"'ler,- .,d tenants) and farm ,aanagers
Fa"" I lborer~
.. ,n
1930
TOTAL
TOTAL
)94,8'2
'8,958
29,288
8,100
7,532
•.0)2
100.0
0.5
100.0
100.0
IOO.O
100.0
100.0
1.2
0.2
1.6
0,2
0.2
1.)
LO
L•
0.2
0.7
1.1
0.1
0.4
Fishil"l{I ll'ld forestry'
Eirtraction of 111ineralsc
w.,ufacturir19 end mechanical ir\dustries
Sakers
81 act.991! ths, fo1"9t1Nn. Md h8'11'1er'ftttfl
IJo i 1ennakers
8ricli: and stone Msons arid tile layers
Builaing contractor1
Ulrpenter'i
Dress,nal.;ers, sell'llstrnses. and 111i 11 i ners
Electricians
Engineers {stationary), cran.-en, etc,
Firllllllf'I (except loc.crt10ti-,e ll"ld fire depal"tfflent)
ForSMn Md ~erseers l,.anufacturing)
Fumacs-n, ,nriel le~. ~eaters, Md puddl ers
Yachinists, n1ilhrrights, toolWers, and die setters
lilanagers and officials l"'9"1uhcturingJ Md Manufacturers
0.1
••-3
0.5
o.•
0.5
0.7
0,3
0.2
0.7
1.,
).)
5.0
0.9
o.•
0.5
1.1
0.8
0.9
1.6
0.9
1.1
o.•
l.B
0.3
4,0
1.0
1.8
1.6
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.1
Shoeinakers and cobblers (not in factory)
Skilled workers in prinlil'\gd
Skilled workers not elsewhere classified•
Structure! iron W0rkers
Tailor, al'\d teiloresses
o.•
0,6
1.6
0.6
2.5
0.2
1.2
0,2
0.3
0,3
0.9
0.5
0.7
2.•
0.3
o.•
0.1
0.6
D.•
0.3
0.5
D. l
0.6
•.9
6.•
o.,
1. 7
1.2
0. l
0.3
o.•
0,6
).5
0,3
0.5
1.7
1.8
0.4
),9
D.•
o.•
0.5
0.2
0.2
2.8
0,3
0.9
0.2
0.5
0.2
1.0
o.•
o.•
1.0
7.2
2.•
9,0
1,9
0.7
0.2
•
0.5
C.5
1.3
0,3
).5
0.5
0.3
1.1
0.)
s.,
0.7
o.•
0.7
5.•
2.9
o.•
0.2
1.1
1.4
1.9
0.3
7.6
0.9
1.5
2,3
0,1
2.1
6.7
1.7
o.•
0.6
9,5
11.3
1).3
0.2
0.2
•• 5
0.1
),6
o.•
0.)
0.1
0.2
0.2
o.~
1,6
19.9
Water transportation ls,o. 1
Longshorenien and st8Yedores
Sailors, deckhands, and boatiwen
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0,1
Road and street transportation l•.0.1
Otauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Drayrt1en and tensten
Garage I llborers
2.8
5,2
0.2
6.5
0.2
0,2
0.2
0.2
2.9
o.•
0.1
3.7
0.7
0.2
5.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0,2
0.2
0.2
Laborers for truck. transfer, aid cab C01111)81'1ies, and hostl•rs
0.1
Lllborera, road Sid strnt
0.8
R1llrost tranaportation o.o. I
BllDQag..en, fr•ight agents, t lc:ket and stat ion agents
Boiler ••hen and enaine hostlers
Brak..en (ste• rai I road I
.•
0.2
Digitized by
1,8
0.2
•.o
o.•
0.1
2.3
O.•
0.3
0.2
0.2
).0
Laborers
1,8
0.2
0,5
0.•
Iron and 'lleel, ""8Chinery, ■tc. indu~trie-sj
Metal industries, except irnn fll'ld steel"
Transportation and comunication
3.1
0.4
0.6
Food and al I ied industries 1
l.Lnber end furniture industries•
Other m.w,ufacturing industriesq
o.•
1.1
0.2
,.0
1.3
0.1
2.8
0.2
0.7
1.8
3.1
0.3
Building, general, end not specified industries
Ch9'1ic■ t and al I ied industr-ies'
Clay, glHs, and stone industriesll
Food and al I ied industries 1
Iron and steel. IMChinery, etc. indu,.triesJ
2.6
o.•
0.1
0.8
I.)
2.)
0.6
0.5
7.3
o.,
o.•
1.7
0.3
':i!.7
0. 7
0.2
1.8
1.0
2.1
0.5
1.9
0.6
o.s
0.1
1.8
0.6
Leather industries 1
lufflber end furniture industries•
P8per, printing, and al I iecl industries"
Textile industries0
at.her- 111anufacturing and not specified industriesP
o.•
1,3
Painters, glaziers, en ... lera, etc.
Paper hanger-.
Plasterer!\ &nd ce,i,ent fin i stters
Pl tr-ber~ and gas and stean fitters
Roofers and slaters
TinS11iths and coppersmiths
25.6
D.2
Ytchan,cs not otherwi5e specified
Operet ivea
lk.iilding industry
Cheniic ■ I and a1 lied industriesf
Cigar and tobacco factoriH
Cl111, glass. and stone industrie-sll
Clothing i'll:lustriesh
1.2
!6,6
0.3
1.1
0.6
0.8
D.6
o.•
0.2
,1.1
0.1
0.8
NEGRO AND OTHER
0.2
Google
9.5
APPENDIX C
Table 13-UWEMPLOYEO •ORKERS o• RELIEF MAY l9J• CLASSIFIED
ev
OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFUL •ORKE•s 1• GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
ClfVELANO, 0~ 10-CoPU J 1111•d
CENSUS
OCa.PATIOfil
,0,0
10TAL
TOT"-
O.•
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.1
0. I
0,1
0.1
0.1
0. I
0.1
0, I
WAlE
FEWALE
MAl[
FEMALE
Traf'ISP01"tation and co,wunication !continued)
Rllilroad tran1pcirtation , .. 0.1 !continued)
Conductors !,te,wti and street re.I roadsl al"d b1>s conductors
For~n and o... ers.eer1
0.1
Laborers
Loccnot i ve engi niters
Loca,iot i "• f i renrien
llotor'l'lef1
I.I
0.J
S.i tcinen, fl as,iien. and yu!Nn
0.J
0.2
0.1
E,rpress, post, radio, telep"~. and telegraph ta. 0.1
Express agenh, exprn1 "W?uen~r,. and rail•y •ii clerlls
0.1
1111 l carriers
Telephone and tel99raph 1 i ~
0.2
0.2
Telegraph MHHng•~
Tel ~r,tpl'I ind ra:I io operators
0.1
0.1
0.1
TelP.Phone 09erators
Ot~r transportation ar1d cO'ffllUnication pursuits
Forenen and over~rs
ln~.ctors
.
0.1
0,1
1.8
o.•
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
laborers
Pr®rietors and mana~~r
0.2
0.2
o.•
0.)
0.J
0,2
13,8
10.2
II.I
0.•
0.1
0. I
0.2
0.1
0. I
0.1
1.1
0.9
0.2
0.5
Laborers I includes. porte" in stores}
0,9
Neoboy$
0.1
0.6
J. I
6.J
0.1
0.9
0.2
0. I
0.6
0. I
t.R
•.J
7.1
J.6
0.5
11.5
1.0
t.J
0.9
Other occupations•
Trade
4dvertising agents
Co,m,.ercial tri1welers
~I iver)lfftl!n
Floor•alkers, forraen, and inspectors
ln.si..ranc.e ard real est.ate .agent$, <M.r..gers. ard offici,i,ls
Pro~r•etors 'iexc-i,t retail dealersl 1
Reta1 I dealers
5,ali,Yf!f'n a.nd s.dlestOM-n
Other pursu, h
, n tr•deu
o.i
0.1
IJ. I
8.2
0.1
o.•
0.J
I.I
1.•
0.1
0,8
J.R
0.1
,.1
o. 7
0.6
0.9
Public service
1.9
I.I
1,2
0,2
1.8
flrofen 10r"111I ,erv ice
6.•
2.J
2. 7
1.9
0,9
Actors and s ~
Architet.tl, designer,, draftsmen, •rrj in ... ~ntors
Artists, ~ulptor~. an<! teachers of art
Yusicians and teacr.ers of :ni..sic
Te,i,diers
n.1
o. 5
0.7
o.•
I.•
0,2
0.J
0.2
0,6
O. I
0.5
0.J
o.:
Technical ~gineers
Trained nur54!>
Other profenional porsui
0,5
Doaest,c and perSOt\11
Nrv,ce
Barbers, ha i rdr~ser3, ard rrieri i cur i sts
Boarding a.n:S lodgin~ house J.:e~ers
BootblacJ.:s
Ch.ilrlllClflle'n and cleaners
0.2
•
0.J
0.J
0.1
0,J
0.2
0.1
0,5
0,2
18.2
c.o
)8.9
t•.9
A6. I
0.8
0. I
0.1
0.8
0.5
2.1
0.3
0.9
1.0
1.0
11.5
1.0
O.J
•
0.2
0.2
0. 7
0.9
0.2
0,5
2.•
0.1
1.6
I.I
21.2
J.•
57.6
0.J
5.•
0.7
J.2
5.2
18,5
1.1
2.1
0.7
0.2
Lau~ry and dry clt?!'lning o.ners, wana1aers, and operatives
1.0
1.5
0.8
0. J
9.5
1.5
0.1
0,J
,.1
I.J
0, I
AgenU., collectors, UICI credit
12.0
tMn
Booli.lteeoers, cashiers, and ,u:.t.ou,,tants
Cler'-s not els~here classifiOO
Messenger, err.t.nd, and office boys and i.irls
Stenographers and typist,
0.•
2.2
6,5
0.J
2.6
o.•
0.1
0.9
o.•
0.6
3_1
0.1
D. I
0.5
0.5
0,J
0. I
0.2
Hotel al'ld restaur11nt keepers and man&9ers
Houselo.e~ers and st"ards
Jani tors and :u:xton,
Laborers
l.aunderers and laundresses lnot in laundry)
o.•
0.J
0.J
0.5
0,J
Clerical occupations
0,J
I.I
0.8
o••
Elevator tenders
Porters le"cept in "Stores)
Practical nurses
Ser't'ants
...,,ters
Other purs..,i u•
0.5
0.1
0. t
D.•
Seffliprofnsionel pur1.Uit1•
Attendants and helpers
0.2
0.5
0, 7
J. I
0.J
1.7
0.9
u ..
0, I
o.•
D.•
I.I
0,)
0.2
1.•
J.J
0.2
1.5
1.0
0.1
2.•
0.7
t.•
t.•
1.2
6.5
0,1
0.1
12.2
0.9
7.J
•• 9
0.1
0.9
J. 7
0.)
0. I
,.1
5.5
0.2
7.9
Digitized by
0. 7
I. I
1.4
Google
URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBF
Table 1)-UN[IIPlOY[O WORKERS ON REllEF IIAY 11,, CUSSlr!ED IT OCCUPATIOII, UC[, AIID SCI, ARO ALL
CAINfUl O,ORKERS IN COERAl POPULATIOtl 11,0 CLASSIFIED IT OCCUPATIOII , •
DERBY, CONNECTICUT
::
RELi EF 19}4
GOISUS
OCC\.l'A1'10fll
Totel -,r\ers report Ing:
·-·
Percent
'9ricu l ture
rs {~r• and t ... nuJ a,w;j ,.,. -,.gen
ra
fana laborers
fishi"9 ard forntry'
urtrac.t ion of •inerahc:
----
"-nufacturing and /lll'chaftic..l industrl11
a.Jtars
Bl edt•I ths, forgaen.
Bol lantakers
'
-·
WHI TE
19,0
!OTAI.
!OTAI.
290
100.0
......
225
100.0
52
100.0
I
100.0
2.2
o.,
o.•
I.•
0.1
1.8
0.9
-
-
--
62.5
61.8
69.2
o.•
o.,
-
1.8
o.,
O.•
1.,
l.8
Bnek and stone MSOns and tile layer,
Bui ldif19 contractors
o.,
0.5
Carpenters
1.8
2.2
Dras.ekers, , .... 1,...... and •i 11 inars
Electricians
E"9ineera (stat ionary!, c:ran.en, etc.
F,r911et'! (except loc.O'l(lli"• and fire depertaent)
For.-n and overseers l•nufecturlngl
furnac.-.n, ... , tatMn, hNters, and Ot,Odl era
W&c:hlnlsU, •11 I wr ights, tool•kars. and die utters
Menagers and official, l•ni.tfacturlng) atld aanufac:twrers
o.•
1.•
0.1
0.1
o.•
-
).8
1.8
--
~nics not otherwise apeclfl~
0.9
Paint ■ f"I,
2.5
,.2
Shoa.akers and cobblers (not In fac t oryJ
Skilled 110rkers In printing•
Sil.i11ed -orkers not elsewhere cluaifi.t•
Strvctural iron -,rkers
T■ i lor• and t■ llores.sea
Tln•ithl and COl)pe,_ithl
°"ratlYa
Br.ti lding industry
0-ic.al W allied imustrlu '
Cigar ancs tobKco factor,a
Clay. glus, and stone Industries•
Cloth1"9 industrlea 11
rooc1 ■rd ■ I lied industries 1
Iron and stNI, 1111Chlnery, etc. induatrlesJ
lilltal industries, except Iron rd stNl 11
Loather indu1trie1 1
l.Yaber and furniture Industries•
Paper, printing, and allied Industries"
fut il e industries 0
Other 1181'lUfattur1ng and not sc,ecifled lrdustrles'
Laoorors
Br.tildlng, general, and not sc,ecified industries
0.-lc■I and al I ieo Industries '
Clay, glass, and atone lndustriesl
rooc:1 and ■ 11 led lndustries 1
Iron and stNI, aachirtef')', etc, itdustriesJ
L...-ber and furniture Industries•
Other ..,..ufacturlng lnch,strlesq
lransportatlon and GO'lftlUnication
«.ter transportation ea.o,J
longshol"tl'flt!n and Slt¥tdorn
Sailors, deckhands, and boatMn
Roed and street transportation a.0.1
Chauffeurs end truck and tractor drivers
Draymen ard \.._ters
Garage I aborers
Laborers for tn,ck, tr.1sfar, and cab cxnoanies, and hostlers
laborers, road and street
Rail road
lrwtapart■ tion 11.oJ
freight agents, ticket .,_, stat ion agenU
e.o-.
Boller "8..Shers &nd engine hostlers
Bnk~ (stMa railroedJ
o.•
o.,
o.•
--
1.2
-
-
--
0.9
o.,
1.•
0.1
glazlan, enawlera, etc.
Paper ha"9era
Plasterers and c-nt finishers
Plinbers ano gas and ste• flttera
Roofe~ and slaters
-
1.9
-
-1.8
-
-o.•
0.5
o.,
1.•
-
-
-
--
-------
11.5
3.8
15.8
8.•
7. 1
1.9
21. 2
15.5
•.2
0.1
-
0.9
o.,
...o.,
1.5
I. 7
11.8
1'. 2
-
-
-
-
,.2
0.1
5.•
o.,).2
--
Digitized by
0.9
-
, .o
-
-
-----
--
2.2
1'.7
).5
--
-
---
----
•• I
).6
-
---
--
-
5.)
3. 5
5.3
-
2
100.0
-
-
-
1.8
o.,
-
-
one
-----
-
-o.•
-
2.1
·-·
N[QI) MD
FEMALE
-
-
9.6
-
--
----
--
--
-
-
-
--
100.0
-
100.0
-
Google
-
-
--
---
143
APPENDIX C
To•I• 1)-U•EMPLOY[O IIOU[RS O• RELl[r WAY 193• CLASS,,1[0 BY o·ccuPATION, RAC[, ANO SfX, ANO ALL
CAllrUL IIORl[RS II CENERAL ,OPULATION 19)0 cLASS1r,co BY OCCUPATION,•
0£RIT,
C0fOi[CTICUT-CoUl ■ ud
====================================::cc::=::=---- ---- - - ----- --------N[llEF
19}4
OCCulll'ATIQII
TOTAL
Trans,oortat,on and
~n1uit10ft
(continv.d)
Railroaa tran1,p,rtat1on ta.o.J lcont,n-..tl
CoMuctor, f,t ... and 1trNl r-a1lroea1J •ncl bvl corouctor,
For...., ana o•• ,....,,,
L..ooren
l.DcO'IIOt , we eng, nee n
Loc.011110t,-. f•r..n
lit>to,......
S.itctwen, f1apen. and yardlliln
1.8
I.I
I. J
o.,
o.,
7.9
8.0
U:pr~s. post, ract,o. telephone, and tere-vraph , •• g, J
U,prns •~ts, ••orn, ..,Hr.ger•. AI\G ,.,1 .., ... 1 cler"s
'-ii carriers
Telept\Ot'4 and tele9r,1ph I 1 ~
T~legrai:,h -n.-ri1ers
Tele9raoh and r.o,o operators
Telep,hone
OPer■ tora
Ottlt'r transportatiOft anll c.o-a,nicet ion pursuits
F'or.-r1 and OYefNeA
lnioectora
L.tt>orers
P,oi;.r,etor, and -.nagen'
Other occupal ions•
TrAch-ert ,1i"'9 agents
::0-.,rc,al trawelart
Del I wer,.an
F'loo,...i..•,,. ror..-n, ard ,n,c,ec.tors
0. 7
0.9
o.,
o.,
Ulbonn I inc IMO• oorter1 ,n uorHI
0.1
0.9
Prot:irieto,., (ellCept retad ctHler•J'
Petai I oealers
s.1...,n and wl.,._n
Ot.,_r i,.,,rs,nta ,n tr.oe"
1.8
3.9
o.,
o.,
Puol ,c ..,-vice
0. 7
0.9
Profna,onal Mnnce
z.s
2. 7
o.,
o.,
0. J
o.,
o.s
~-·
J.5
lns...trance
and
real estate a.vents, •M9f'rS, and off,c,als
_..,,,,
Actors and s ~
Architects, des•g~r,, draft...eri, and inventors
Artista, 1culptor1, end teac~rs of art
11114ician1 anc:I lNchera of au11c
T..c'-rs
7. 7
z.z
).Z
7. 7
1.9
1.9
Techtiiul en,,~,..
y,..,,,.,
nursn
Other profe1s10f\lll pu,.,u,ts•
S..1profit111onel pursuits•
Attendants anrJ t..lpers
Daant1c
~
per10na1 terv1ce
lal"be1"'s, l'la1 re1re1urs, and -.nicurists
lloardin9 end l<>ci911"'9 houN kffpera
8ootblac.lir.1
C,.u.,...,. and
,1..,...,...
1.•
0. 7
1.B
15.•
100.0
0.9
[1evator tencllff'I
o.,
0.5
Hotel and rntaura,,t liie,eoer1 and •nagers
Hou ... ...,.,.. and st ._,da
Janitora and Natona
o.,
o.,
o.,
o.,
UMrderers and laundrHHI !not in laundry)
Laundry ana dry c I"" i '\IJ o,mers, ,...,..;era, and ope rat i vn
Pbrters lexcept in atornt
... ,.,.,
Practic.a1 nurH1
Servant•
Ott..r c,ur-,i u•
Cl.,-ical occuoat10M
).8
o. 7
o.,
9. 7
1.9
s. 7
5.8
5.8
o. 7
0.9
,.1
o. 7
0.9
.,,ta. collectars. atw:I credit~
lookkNPerl, cashiers, and accountants
ClerU not el,...,..re clan1 fied
....,..,., errand, enc, office boya and girlt
).5
,.5
o.,
o.,
StMD9,aphert Ind typtSll
1.1
100.0
5.8
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
hble 13-UNEMPLOYEO WORKERS ON RELIEF IIAY 193• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION. RACE, AND SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL IIOR~ERS IN GENERAL POPULAIIO" 1930 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPAIION, •
DETROIT, MICHIGAN
RELIEF 19]4
CENSUS
~-r
19,0
OCCUP'ATION
Tot.I t110Aers reporting:
TOTAL
TOTAL
Percent
Agriculture
Fa1'11ers (Oti'ners and teflfints) and fan. tMnagers
Fan laborers
Fishing and forestry'
Extr.:t10f1 of ,aioeralsc
tibt1.1factur l ng and t1eehanical 1ndustrie1
MEGAO .tliD OTHER
tlfHITE
WALE
FflilALE
21,990 •.5'0
100,0 100.0
7,290
100.0
2,160
100.0
O.•
0.2
0,2
-
0.1
1.3
I.I
22.9
57.1
FEMALE
NALE
689,489
100,0
35.980
100.0
0,3
0,1
0.2
•
1,0
0.3
0.7
o. 7
0. I
I.I
1.5
,a.5
5'.8
65.4
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.6
o.,
I .I
o.,
0.7
0.8
1.,
I. I
Building contrKtors
o.•
0.3
0,5
0.2
1.9
0,3
C.n>enters
OreSStMkers, seamstreues, ana ,.1l linera
Electricians
Engineers !stationary}. crat'lll'l!lt'n, etc,
o.,
1.8
3, 7
5.4
1.0
o. 7
0.2
1.0
0.6
0.6
1.5
o.,
0. 7
o.,
0.8
1.5
o. 1
o.•
0,9
0.6
0,9
6.8
1.2
2.0
2. 7
,.3
0.1
2.0
0.3
0.1
1,3
0,2
1.5
2.1
2.0
J.6
5.2
2.1
2.,
2,5
,. I
Sake rs
Blac.k•iths, forgnan. ano hMwlemen
Bo, lenaakers
Brick and sto,,. 1111.sons and ti le layers
Firenen (except locOfflOlive &net fire departntentJ
Forenien 11M overseers 1Mlr'\Ufacturingl
Furnac.-wn. J111el termen, heaters, and puddlers
.._,hini s ts, 111i I l•riohts, \00l1Nkera, and die setters
Managers end officials l1111nufacturlngJ and Mnufacturers
llec:h.,nica rot other•i se SOKtf ied
Painters. 9luiers, enMWlers. etc.
?aper hlnvers
Plasterers and ceraient fini&hers
Phnbers and ;as and ste&'11 f, Hers
Roofer-s end slaters
0,3
o. 7
0,1
Shofftllkers end cobbler, lrt0t in fectory)
Skilled workers in grintin9C1
Ski I led workers not elsl#here clu:sl fled•
Str11etural Iron workers
Tailors and talloresses
Tinsmiths and copper!l'lllths
0.2
o. 7
1.6
0.1
o.,
o.,
o.,
I.I
0,2
0,3
0,1
3.,
o.i
o.,
o.,
Operatives
Building irdustry
Chenical and allied lll:ius tri es 1
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glass. and stone Industries•
Clothing lrdustrhts"
Food and a11ild industdH 1
Laborers
Building, 961lerel, and not .specified industries
ChMical and a11 led indus tries 1
Clay, glass, end stone indus tr les9
Food end allied lndus tr les 1
Iron and s toel , l':'i,,lthl~ry, etc. industrle5J
Ltr.1ber and furniture Industries•
Other Noufac turlng lndus tr iesq
R'allroad transoortatlot1 la.0.1
Brakemen (stea111 rail road)
o.,
I. 7
0.3
O.•
0.1
J.6
O.J
0,5
o. 7
o.,
0.2
8,6
0,2
agents
0.9
1.5
0.2
o.,
0,2
0.2
5.9
0.5
o.,
0,5
o.,
o.,
J,I
O.J
o.,
2.2
0.8
0.l
0.6
0.1
0.7
1'.8
o.,
18,B
12.6
0,2
0,3
0.3
0.2
3,1
0,3
6,2
0.5
0.2
0,5
1.3
o.,
0.1
0.1
1.5
2,5
0.9
1.6
0.2
0.1
0.2
8, I
3,0
0.1
0.1
0. I
2.0
8.5
0.5
0,1
0,3
0.3
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.1
2.9
o.,
O.J
O.J
0,1
0.1
3,9
2.,
.
o. 7
0, I
O.J
2.,
0.2
,.3
O.J
0.2
0.2
0,1
0.1
10.0
10. 7
3, I
15.2
0.1
O. I
0.1
2.6
J.6
0,2
0.2
0.2
2. I
,.1
o.,
5. 7
0.2
0.1
0.1
0,3
o.,
2.,
0.5
.
0.1
0.2
Digitized by
2.,
0.9
0,1
0,1
lfOAd and streot transpor tat ion ,•• 0. 1
Ch.JuHe.ura and truck and tractor drivers
Dray,,ien and teiwuters
Gara~ 1abore,.s
laborers for truck, transfer, and cab tOl'I08fliH, and hostlers
Laborers. road and st r eet
::,r:~-::h.~;•~~\~T~!sko!~f::; ard 1tal ion
2.0
2. 7
0.2
0.5
0.3
.
Water transpartation a.0.1
Longshorenen and stevedores
S.llors, deckhands, end boet1111tn
0,3
2.0
0.3
O,J
6.9
Transpartation and conmunlc:ation
o.,
0.2
2.5
0.5
0.1
0,2
0.2
0.1
0,3
o.,
Iron and 5teel, nechln-,ry. etc. industriesJ
litetal lndustrita, except iron and stHI"
Leathtr ind11strles 1
Li.noer and furni ture I nd11a t rl es•
PAper, printing, and allied Industries"
TeJCtlle indu~ tr ies 0
Other manufacturing and not specified industriesP
0. 7
,.2
0.1
0.8
3.2
0.1
1.0
0.1
Google
0.5
0.5
APPENDIX C
h••·
BY
n-u•t•PLOY[O wo••t•s OIi •turr . . . 193• cuss1r1to
OCCUPATIO• . RACE. uo S[X, AND All
G&l•Ful •o••tRS ,. GEO[R&l POPUllftO• 1930 CllSStrt[O BY OCCUPATION,•
DET~OIT, MICHIG~M--CoUUv•d
,.,.,
CU5US
OCCIWAllOIII
TOTM.
lillEc.RO ANO OTHER
'lllttlT(
fOTAL
T,af'lloort.t ,on and COIWIIUnicat ion !cont i nuedJ
lit, d roa:t t,.•~oortet ion •.0.1 lco,,t i!'lultdl
Conductors lste.,a a...i strNt ra• I roads) and bus co'l::luetors
ror~n al"ld ow•rwer,
LOCl)lll)l ,..,. en;ire•,1
l,xOMOI i
fi
.-a
,.,_,n
lilt,to'1111en
S.,t,._n. tla~ft. allf yar~
0.3
0.1
o. 3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0,1
0. 1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0,1
0.2
0,1
0.1
0.1
0. 7
1.9
0.1
0.1
hprnt., ~ l , r.ctio, teleohorw. al\d tel~9raph <a. o , I
E•prns a,.ents, ••preu ,_,s.erqers, ard ra,1-., • i i clerks
0.2
0.2
* i i carriers
Telephone and tele9raph I i,......n
Tele9ra,ph 11esunqctr1
Telegr.1p"' and radio operators
Telep"Ofle oc,eratora
Othrtr trat'lllport.at
1?"
0.1
0. 1
o.,
0.1
0,1
0.1
0.2
2. 7
0.5
aM comrun•c•t ion pwrswi lt
0.1
0.1
0.1
for~,, •nd o,ersnr1,
11'1-t~ctors
UbOrers
Proprietors .-,nc, •~~rs'
Ot!,,e,r oc. c"'pat ions"
0 ,5
0.2
0.1
0.2
13.9
8.2
8.0
0.2
0.9
0.3
0.1
0,9
0. 3
0.5
o.•
T,odo
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0. 3
1.5
0.5
15.o
e.e
C~ r C. ;dt lr,ts. Jers
o.•
C.,I ,w~t1ff9tn
0. 3
0.2
rloor-.11he,.,, ro,.et11tn, 4nd ,n,pecto,.,
lns.,. ,.af'<-0 ard reat oatate- a919nu. lt'!A nage,., , ,~ off,c1als
Uiborer1 liricllldts POrte,, in atorH)
,_.,t>o,s
1.5
o.•
0.6
0.1
1.0
0.2
0.1
1.6
3,1
0.'
Pr,:,pr,etors fe•cept retail diulerslt
i:/tt.t i I dealers
S..,.1u,11tn and 11le!illl)fflfn
3. 3
6.3
Othtr owrsu,u in trade"
0. 3
O.•
0. 1
0.2
t.•
0. 1
0,1
0.•
3. 0
O. ~
0. 5
0.1
2.3
2.2
0,2
0.5
12 . I
1.1
I.I
0.R
0,3
2.•
Profeuio,.J Mrvice
6,2
0,1
0.6
0.1
o.•
0.2
0.1
0.1
0. 3
1.•
0.2
0.1
o.,
0.6
0. 2
0. 2
0.1
0,5
0.2
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.1
15. 2
J.2
38 . 5
1,.3
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
o.e
Actors and • ~
Arch•t«ts. !Hsi~,..,.,. d,.afts,ren, and iPWentors
Art ,,u.. sculptors, &nd te..ct-ers of an
1'.11icia"1 ani, teac~rs of ,r-us,c
Tucht-,.,
Tec..,nicat erqi,...,.,
Tra,nf!d ,.,,,,es
Oti''ltr prof~ss,onel purau•ts"
o. 7
S..,.,profess10"41 pursuits"
Atte~nts and ~lPf'rl
0.3
0,3
1. 5
P@rsonal service
10.•
0.9
0.5
l\lrt>«rs , hair:freuers, and "8nic1.1ri1U
Ao,r::1 ,n~ Ind 1~;•"1 ½use kreper1
lior:tbltclis
0,ar-o.n aM clearwr,
[ lev,tor tende,.s
0.2
0.2
Hotel and rHtaur1nt l.eepers and 11111n19ers
o.,
110useli.,epe,~ and ste,,ar-1s
Jan, tors and w•tons
lAbtlrtrs
0.5
1.0
L&un:::terers and laundresus (~t in laundrtl
Ll,.,n-try 1n1 dry clean,ng g.,npr,, ,.,...gto,s, and oper.1t1ves
Pt,rter, lucept in stores)
Pract 1c-'II nurses
S,,rvants
railers
Other owrsu,u•
Clerical o~cr,1pat ions
A;ents, collector,, ar"d credit ,.,.,.
~ololieepers, cn ► ••rs, arw1 accountants
Cit'"'
l"IOt
....,,e-nq•r.
eh..,her~ clnsi f ied
errand, and office boys and
Sttl"I09rep.,.,., ard typi1,l1
girls
0.1
0.2
0.9
0.3
O.l
3.e
I.I
0.1
1.2
1.8
2.3
2.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.•
0.2
0. 1
0.3
0.2
1.9
0.6
o.•
0,2
I.I
0.1
2.8
0.5
1.8
0 .1
1.5
0.5
o.•
0,J
91.2
J.2
0.5
1.4
1.9
0.•
0.1
0.9
3.J
5.•
0.9
0.9
0.1
o.?
0.8
1.•
o. 7
o.•
7. 5
0.7
o. 3
• .6
0.1
0. 1
1. 0
0.2
2.2
11. I
1.9
0. 1
62 . 5
t.•
15.9
1.•
o.•
•.2
i' ••
6. 6
0.1
0.9
0.1
0. 1
o.•
6.9
5.5
5.J
n.2
0.1
3.6
5.5
3.J
2. 3
0.1
0.8
0.1
0.9
13.0
0.8
0. 1
O,f.
2.3
1.2
0.1
0.9
0.2
11.3
1 .2
6.1
0.1
,.2
0.7
0. 1
0.1
0.9
o.•
P\A:11 ic service
Oc,,ie,it ic and
0,9
0.2
Adwtrt •1i"".J 'lq,ents
o.•
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Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIIF
Tobie 1)-UNEIIPLOYEO WORKUS ON lt[Ll[F IIAT 11)• CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION. RACE. HO SEX. AND ALL
GAINFUL WORKUS IN GENERAL P'OPULATION llJO CLASSIFIED BT OCCUPATIOI. •
DOUGLAS. ARIZONA
_,
OCCU,ATION
Total .oAel"I reporting:
fttrcent
"9r icul lure
Farwera IOM\er1 and tenMtaJ and fana mana.Qers
Fam laborers
Fi sh ing and forestry'
E.xtr-.ctlon of Mlneralac
lllanufactyr lng and mec.hattlea1 industries
l!ekors
llocm l th1, f o , _ . and"-,_,
8ollel'1lilkers
Brick and 1t0t1t •sont and t i1• layera
&, l ld l"9 contractors
C.rpe,.tera
Or•..U.en, HM11tres1es , and ■ 11llners
£Jec.tr l c ian1
Eng l neen (statlonar,I, craneftllln, etc .
FirtDlfl l11Ccept loconotive and fire depart,.,,tJ
Foreaen W ovel"5Hrt l•nufac:turing)
Furnec...,, ,..htffllllfl, he.at era , and puddl era
Wech l n l1t1, ■ 1 1 l•r lghu , tool
ers, and die utten
W.nagers and offlclah (NnUfacturlngJ and iaanufecturers
lilechanics Ml othenrlae specified
Pa inters, glaziers, enanelers, etc.
Psper hangers
PIHterera and eefllfll flnlahers
Ph,flbers and gas and ate• f i tters
Roofers ard slaters
Shoefflekers and cobblers !not in factory )
Sk il led workers In pr l nt lngd
Sk i llecl 110rkers not a1SWlere clau1fled•
Structural Iron workers
Tailors and tai lor111es
TlnS1J l ths and coppern l ths
Operatives
Bui ld in9 Industry
Chealc.a1 and al I iecl lndustrles 1
Cltar end tobacco fect ~ries
Clay, 9lus. and atone industries'
Clothing lndu1t rl es1'
FOQd. and al I itd l ndustrtes 1
Iron and slHl . t'IIKh l,,.ry, etc. industrieJ
Met.al industries. ••cept i run and atHI"
LM.ther induttries 1
u.ber and fum i ture Industries•
Paper, printing , and al I itd indu str ies"
Textile lndus tr les0
Other -.nufactu d ng and not spec I f ied i ndustries'
Labore rs
8ulldin9, 9.-ieral , and not speclfllld i l"ldustrlea
0,.91 l cal and al I led lnctustrles 1
Clay , 9lus, and stone industrles9
Food and al 1 lld lndustrles 1
Ir-on and steel, ...chinery, etc. industr11,J
t..uno.r #Id furniture industries"
Other ~fecturing industrlesq
Transportation and conn&1nlcation
Water transportation t ■ . o . 1
Longshor.-en and stevedores
Sa l I ors, deckhands, and boetNn
Road and street transportation 1 ■ .o, 1
Chauffeurs and trvck and tractor dr ivers
Orar-n and t....,ters
Garage laborers
Laborers for truck, transfer , andcabc~aniea, and hostl~r•
Laborers , road #\Cl street
Ral I road t~pc,rtation 1 ■ .o. t
8a;g&Olft!ltn. freight 89e"ta, t i cket and station agents
Bo l ler was.hers and ent i ne hostlers
BrakeNn (st..,. ra l I r06dJ
AELIEF l9J.t
CENSUS
1930
TOTIJ..
-.,n
TOTAL
WAlE
1,11)
100.0
5.5
1.,
,.1
0.1
Ill.ALE
Ft:NALE
3'•
79
52)
100.0 100.0
100.0
9.6
).5
6.1
0.)
5.)
100.D
) .1
),8
,6.2
,8. 5
0.)
2.0
0.)
0.9
0. 1
0.6
0.2
0.6
,.o
19.0
59.5
12.6
o.,
0.6
0,)
,.9
2.2
o.,
o.,
5.2
o. 7
167
'· 7
0.8
0.9
0.6
1.8
I.I
0.8
lf[GRO NIID ontEJt
FEW.ALE
11.,
).2
2.0
0.6
0.6
9.6
0. 2
o.,
0.6
1.,
1.6
5.2
I, 7
o.,
0.1
1.8
).5
0.2
1.5
0.6
0.6
0.9
I. 7
0.8
o.,
o.,
0.9
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.2
0.9
2.0
2.6
0.9
1.0
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.)
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.)
0.)
1.)
1.)
0.)
0.9
). 7
6.•
0.1
0.)
5.8
0.1
1.)
I.I
0.6
). 7
7.8
1.2
-
0.2
-
0.6
12. 7
1.5
-
2!1.0
12.8
19.8
5.0
1).6
I.)
5.0
I. 7
0.)
5.0
8. 7
0.)
0,9
l.2
1.2
-
0.)
o.,
0.6
-
Digitized by
1. 2
1.7
).8
0.1
5.9
o.,
-
0.6
o.,
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APPENDIX C
, •••• 1)-Ul(MP\.0T(0 ltORl[RS 01 l(ll(f HT 19)• CL•s s 1r1[D BT 0C CePITI0•. llCE, UD SEX. UD All
,.,.Ful C)IU['tS IN (.(N(AAL ,o,uLAflOJf 1910 CLASSlflEO Bl OC CUPAr10•.•
COUC.LAS.
ARllONA-Co•&J11••tf
t
,.,,
•tlD
ro,..,_
TOTAL
, t le,i lc.on t l,wN J
1lt'lllld tran
rtet l • , .... . , {COt1t1ftW«1)
c:.n.ctora let- .,. st.rNl ,..I ll"Olds) end _,, condMc tors
ro
.,..
,....,..
......,,...,..
0.7
1.o11o .. ..
,
·-· "-·..,r;.... ,_
•
loceiiaotvefl,_..
••
C.,.... ,nt.
radto, tel..,_., Mid ttl .. ruti
[e,.... ...,u •
ii urrien
-
r trWtlOOrtttf.-i
r,,..._ w
,,_,,.,o,... .,.,
,,_
0.3
0.)
D.1
1.0
,,.....,.,.
..
o.~
0.1
0.2
,. 7
0.2
0.1
0.5
,..,.
r occ_..tlon •
..._..r1i1i
o.,
~ l u t l.., ,wrwiu
.,.,....,.
lftaKtora
laNren
Ot
2.0
1. 7
en, Met rat 1• 1 .,.. , I clan.•
........ , , _
Tel..
n r•I• . .,. ora
Tel....,.. OPtratort
Ot
o.,
0.6
0.9
t .. .. t
r.,.,~ ... .,,
T•I
0.6
1.5
0.)
D.5
D.1
I.I
0,3
..
1,0
1.7
9 .9
e.•
0.2
0.6
I.I
1.4
1.,
0.6
0. 1
D.)
2,.1
7.8
lt
rt, fo,..._,, Mid ln lHCIOt'I
l11a,,anc.e and r
1 Ht.ate ..-,.u. ~ , . . . . ltld offl clala
Lallef'.,.. (Incl ... , Nr1tra In tloruJ
•
'rwrleton (
un.,.,,,..
c-,t ret• I
1.,..) t
Ot
1MrM'l ta In ,,_.v
flvttllc
rv,c:e
1.6
6.0
0. 2
0.5
,r-or.. ton.el
2.)
s.1-- .. ,
rvlc:
2.)
, .•
1.2
D.2
0.2
1,0
).2
0.6
20.,
5.5
5.1
1.,
D.2
D.1
o.,
,..
1.0
Actora end
lt.ectl, Mllpters, dreft_..., , 1111d lnv.-.ter,
0.1
Anisu, tc.11,tora, and tac.he.-. of art
0.1
o.,
o.,
o.,
0.)
I.)
0.5
0.1
2,5
0.2
0.6
,_,,.,.
1iet
.. -.
• Md , ~ , . . of
,_,...,
a le
Tralood ""
,.,.t ,.,,..., u•
,retHslo,,,al ,.,,., u•
1.2
8.6
1.2
0.6
o.•
0 her ,,.,
0.5
0.9
...- . .. -
...1.....
0.6
0.6
1.3
D.7
0.6
c tnd ,eraof'IIII
rvlce
.,..,..
•rdr.
re. lttd aanlo.,r l1t1
- 41.. lod!ll"t hou
17.3
0.2
0.1
,.2
)!1. 4
2.5
• .6
TT.8
t
loo1~, ..~.
e,d ,, . . .,.
~-en
o.,
(l.,alor tMNra
;totel aN rHUillnn • kNPt:r"S _,., ~ r s
Ito.
,.. Olld •I nll
Jenltora and N1tt.Oft•
l.Morers
rtra and laulClre
l.a.iftdry W 4,y c1Hn11'lf
(t10t In I IIH'dryJ
rs, __,.,.,.. , Md oNr•tlwn
C c•t In atornl
rnct cal 111Uf"MI
llorttt"I
"'"""
•ittra
Ot r ,un1111u•
o.•
o.,
D. 1
D.5
0,1
1.3
2,3
5.D
0.9
D.2
..-u, collec-ton, and credit
. . .,., cut'tlen, and KCOUMMU
a.ru ,,.. •• ,,. c1 ...111td
~ office IIM,ya end girh
SI_,.,...,. nl lypl•U
.....,.._,, ernnd,
0.6
1).2
0.5
0.1
0,8
D,3
1.,
2.0
10.1
7.6
0.!
D.6
6.)
2.)
U.c
1.,
0.6
6.)
0.2
0. 2
D. 6
11.•
0.2
0. 1
C11rlcal ~llCWII
,., ,_,_. . . . . . II
1.,
2.3
0.1
o.e
0.6
0.7
L7
o.,
o.•
2.,
0.4
0.2
o.•
2.•
0.6
81.0
0.5
5.1
UJ.
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
hblo 13-UN[MPLOY£0 WORHRS ON R[ll£f IIAY 19)4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION , RACE, ANO SEX, ANO All
C&INFUl WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIEO BY OCCUPATION.'
OULUTH, 111 UESOTA
R(LIP' 191'
CUGU5
OCCl.PAT l(Nij
Total cu· ers ..-.port1"':
=:t
TOTAi.
TOTAL
42.9n
4,161
100.0
l(XJ.0
4gncul lure
rs and tltnl.nUJ ard fa,,. ~ , . .
Far-en (
Fa,,. laborers
fiah;ng and forNtry 111
I.I
0.4
0.7
1.8
o.,
Extraction of 11lneraltc
Manufacturing~ 19Khartlcal industries
Ba.ltera
81.cli.•lthl, for
lt)O
n, -.net
l'llen
)0.0
0.•
0,4
0.2
Ballerw ers
Brick and atone •.son1 And tila layers
&.illdlng cont1""aCtor1
o.,
2.6
0.7
2.9
1.9
),295
100.0
,.,
1.0
1.2
42.1
0.6
0.6
0.)
48,I
I.)
1.6
o. 7
).6
0.6
4 ••
0.9
0.9
I.I
l,I
1,1
2.4
0.5
0.1
0.4
0. 7
1.4
1.2
1.9
2.)
0.)
0,4
Yec.hanics not ottlerwiae spt-Clfied
1.6
2.9
).5
Palnt•N, gluier,, enaelera, etc.
Paoer han-aers
Plasterers and , ... nt finishers
Pl Ulllbera and 91 and ate• f It tars
Aoofers and alaters
!.)
).)
o.e
4,1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
0,2
0.6
0,1
0. 4
1.5
0.5
0.1
0.)
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.)
F ' I ~ (nc.e,t locoiw:itlve and fire departatntJ
n and offlclah (aanuflcturlngJ and •nvfacturer
ShoelM.kers Md cobblera (not In facloryl
Skilled won.era in printing'
Sid lied -rooters not elsewhere daulfied•
Strvctural iron 'JIOrkera
Tallors and tallore11u
Tln111i tha and coppertntl th1
o.a
o.e
0,1
o.,
0.2
0.9
0.4
17.0
0.2
55.8
2.,
I.I
2.,
20.0
2.9
1.,
0.9
0.2
0.9
I.I
0.5
0.4
2.1
o. 7
0. 2
o.,
0peratlvea
&.,tiding industr1
Chealcal Md al I led lndt.tllrlu'
Clg,ar and tobacco feclorit1
Clay, glau, Ind tone lndvstriestl
Clothing lndustrtes"
Food and allied lndw trles 1
Iron a.nd st•I. 1MC.hlnery, etc. 1ro.,ur111J
Metal indwstrl••• except Iron and stNla
lHtl'ltr lndustrlH 1
L'-llber and furnltwre I ndusll"le~
Paper, printing, and allied lrduttrlt:"
T tile lnduttrles0
Other ,..,..,fectwrlng and not apeclfled indYttr-iesP
LaJ>or-ers
8ul1dlng, g.,,.ral, and not specified industr-les
ChMiul and al 1 led lndwstdes'
Cle,, glass, and ttont' industri.si
Food and al I ltd lrdu1trle1 1
Iron and ttMI, MC.hlnery, ttc. lndustr-lesJ
Luabtr and furniture lndl.lstrle~
0thtr .anufach1ring lndustriesq
TraMportat ion and CIWWJnlcat ion
Water transPortatlon h, o. I
Longshorenen and st..,edorH
Sellors, dflCkh ndS, and boatmen
Road and street transport,Hlon h.o. I
Chawffeurs Md truck and tractor drlwrs
ters
Orayll!M a,,d t
Garage laborers
Laborers for tn.,ck, tr-&r1sfer, and ab c~les, and hostlers
Laborers, road
rd 11rut
Railroad tranaportatlon 1•• 0.1
tntl, ticket Ind station agents
Baggagt!l'll!n, freight
rs and engine hottlera
loller
B r - (Ito., rellroodJ
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.7
2.1
0.)
0.1
2.1
).4
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.4
o.,
0.6
1.0
1.2
1.6
0.2
0.8
0, 4
2.2
1.,
0.4
1.0
4,1
).4
4.0
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.)
0.1
2.1
0.5
1.9
2.1
o.,
0.2
0,4
0.2
1).5
18.4
22.J
1.,
1.5
1.9
0.6
o. 7
2.5
5,9
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.)
4. 7
4,6
4.2
2.9
1.0
U,I
0.)
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.6
0,4
I.I
0.1
0.5
0.)
0.2
1.2
20.0
0.8
2.0
0.5
for-, and ewer... ,., (~fac:turingJ
• heaters, and puddlers
furnac.r.en, ...,1 ta
tri1Khinl1t1, 111-,lfhU, tool• ers, Md die setters
10
100.0
7.0
o.,
o.e
I. 7
0.6
4)
l(XJ.0
7.0
1.0
2.1
2.4
0.6
Carpenters
OrHSN..kers, setnStr'HHI, and 111i111ners
Clectriclans
n, etc.
CnglnNl"I (1UtlonaryJ, er
81)
100.0
1.0
0.•
0.1
1.6
0.1
0. 7
Digitized by
J.7
1.0
7.2
o. 7
0,1
0.1
1.9
0.2
0.9
Google
APPENDIX C
T•b1e 1)-tJl[WPlOT(O
wo••flt5
O• R(ll(F IIAY l9J.C CLASSlfHO
a,
OCCUPATION,
••o sex.
RIC[ ,
ANO Ill
GAIIIFJL IIORa(stS, 1• ~[ll(llll ,-OJ>t,tUIOIII li)O CLASSIFIED IIY OCCUPATI01 , •
DUl\JTH, Wlllll[50U-Co~tlu•d
CENSUS
OCC..,,.ATl(J(I
19,c
TOT.._
r,....~o,ort•tion
An;j
(!>•.-..,.
tcorit,.,.,,.ctl
a~ 1trNt ra1lroad1) •rw1 bu1 condYIC.tun
For_..-. tlnd .,.,.l",\ttr,
L.-.,re"'I
Lo<.~1 ••• pn,Ji~r,
l/Kt'IIWl0t I v• f1 r ~
IIOh),...,
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12. 1
1.9
2, 6
27.9
3).8
0.5
39.2
o. 7
0.6
0.6
0,4
Blacks"'iths, forgitflfn, an::t .__,_n
8oil.,-·1111ken.
0.2
0.1
Bricll atli 1tor. •sons an:t tile la,.rs
Bwilding co"trutors
0,3
0,8
0.3
3.5
,.s
0, 6
0,6
0.5
0.3
2.3
0.9
1.0
D,3
0.4
F o ~ an::I owerwers 1..n1,1facturingJ
Furnace.n, 11Nlterwn, Nl\er'$, and puddlers
0.5
0.6
0.6
-.Chin 1st1, • i ll.r ights , tool,.i.ers , and die Milera
lal'lll9f" 1rd off ic iah (1111nvfectUl'i"'1) al'd . . nutacturers
0. 8
0. 8
0.1
o.,
D,4
D,4
2.3
).6
4, 7
1. 4
0.1
0. 5
2.6
3, 7
2. 0
1.0
2. 9
1,5
o.,
0, 5
0,3
0.4
0,4
0.5
0.5
0,1
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.3
0.1
0,1
0.3
0.1
0. 1
D.5
o.4
I.I
1,9
1, 4
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
D. I
0.1
1.2
0.3
0.2
0,6
0,6
•
0,1
0.2
.
•
0. 3
Pa,er, prlnt i "Q, and all ied i nduatriaa"
Other .. nufacturinv 1rd not apecifitd ind .. trin'
0.1
0.5
Ttlllt i le lndustr ies 0
D.6
2.6
3. 7
0,1
•
•
•
0.1
l..Nther i11thatr ies 1
Ulllbtr ard furnitur• in:hatrift•
5.3
1.2
1.5
f'l!l i nter-s. gluius. 1tW11elen, etc.
Paper hangtr1
Plaslerwn 1..:J c.,.nt flnl1hen
Pl..,...r-1 arct 9u and ,,... fitttrl
Roofers and alai.n
Iron aR:I stHI, Nch i rwry, etc. lnduatriesJ
llttal in:hatr ieS . except iron and StN1 11
12.9
0.4
1.6
Operath,H
8uifding in1:ht1tr1
ChilJiul arid allied fnihatrln 1
Ci99r and tobecco f1ctorin
Clay, ;lus, Aid atore ird..-triesl
Clothil"9 lrdustries 11
F'ood arct allied irt:tustriu 1
7.9
6. J
lllltchanic:1 not otherwise spec i f i td
Shoe.lier, ard cobblers (not In factor,,
Sld119d .orkers In printinv'
SNi11ed IIJOf"lltrs rot e1s...,.rt c:luaifiJ
Structural iron -or-ken
Tailors al"d tailornlft
Tinaltha an:t CQppe!"'Plith:s
25.1
I.I
0.6
0.1
0.6
0.3
0,6
1.2
2.3
5.2
0,6
0.6
0.6
~bo ... ,..
Building, ga,eral. and not 1p,c;ified lrchatrln
C*iul and all it'd ind~trlea 1
Clay. 91aaa. and 1tone ind'8trlu•
Food 111:t all led lnd111trin 1
Iron and 1tNI. aachirwry, etc. ltdustriHJ
Ulllber ard furniture lrd.,.tri ■ 1•
ou,., ..,-,recturing irdwatri"q
Transportation ard ca-unlc ■ t Ion
•ater trarmportation 11.0.1
Lonvshorwfllan and 1tweaores
Sailors, declltw.ndl, ard bol.tt11n
Rolij and 1trHl traf11POrtation ra.o, 1
Chauffevn and trucll af'ld tractDf" drivera
Dra)'llefl and ta,..ter1
<.rage laborer,
Laborerti for true!.:, tranafer ,Md cab c ~ i • . and halt ler-a
Laborers. road and strNt
Reilroad tnt11portation 11. 0 . 1
BaQ~n. freight .,.no. tlc~t afld station agent,
Boiler ...htra al'ld envlnt hostler•
Br•ke•e'n' (st . . railroad,
5.2
1.2
0.2
0.9
0.1
•
4.3
0.4
4,8
o.,
0.2
0.)
0,3
0.2
0.1
14.9
11.,
2.2
0,3
0.2
0.1
,.a
6.3
1.5
0.4
0.2
2.0
0,7
1.8
0.3
1.9
0,2
0.2
0.1
0,4
0.5
.
Digitized oy
I. 7
7.)
0.5
o.,
10. 7
0.1
0.5
5. 3
1.2
1. 0
S.kers
Carp.nters
DrH511all~"· u ... t,nses . and 1111i 11 inert
Electr ici ana
Engineers !stationery), crane-en, etc.
Fireaen (except locc:aotiwa an:11 fire depart•nt)
"SlilD MOOTMO
•1Tf
lOTM.
1.2
1.8
6.J
O.J
Google
APPENDIX C
1!53
h•I• 13-UN[Ml'I.OYED WOIIIERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL WOIIIERS IN GENERAL POPULATIOI 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
[IUD.
Oll'LAHOtM-CoUh ■ ed.
RELIEF 19!4
CEIISU5
OCC~AflGa
'"'"
TOTAi.
Tra,.portat ion and cc:aRUn icat ion (continued I
Railrotd traNPOf"tation ra.0.1 lcontinuiedl
cor.si:..:tors 11.tea• ard strNt --ai I ro.:hl .al'd bus c0Muctor1
0.4
Mt I TE
IIALE
0.1
0.1
locOIIOt ive f i ,_n
libtor•n
S.itc,-n. '1,1g11en. al'W:I yard•n
0.6
0.6
D. 7
0.2
0.)
0.4
0.1
0.2
I.I
0.4
0.2
0.5
t..borers
Loc0110t,.,. engi,..,-1
bprns. cost. radio. te1eoho~. and teleqraph cs.a. J
Express age,its, exprns fte'SSI'>,...,_.,.,, anl raila1 ,,.ii ,:le-rk1
•d carriers
Telephore and tel~rapf, 11 ,...n
Telegraph 111nse•r1
Telegr.tph and radio oper,Uors
Telephore operaton
°'""'
FEMALE
WAL£
FEMALE
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.B
0.1
0.4
F'or1111n •ni:f overs.era
NEGRO MD OTHER
TOTAi.
2.2
2.2
0.1
1.0
0.1
1.4
8.5
1.2
0,3
1.8
0.3
traMporhtion a,wj COll'Wllunication pursuit\
Fontaitn and ori,ersttrs
lnsoec tt:1rs
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0,3
23.9
8.1
0.1
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.4
0.1
O.R
0.1
0.1
1.0
0.1
0.1
1.0
0.1
0.1
•
0.6
Laborers
Propr 1etors am .,..;.rs"
Other occupatio,..•
Trade
9.3
Advert is i "'l a1ents
Coi,r.ierc ,al travelers
Del 1very•n
Floor,..111.ers, fore,,,en, and in.,pectors
lnt.urance and rNI Ht•l• agenU., ll'Ol'\l.gers, 1n:I officials
0.2
1.9
0.5
Laborers finclims porters ,n storesJ
Ne-~boys
1.5
0.2
Proprie,tor, !except retail :te3l1rslt
~etail dealers
1.1
5. I
0.1
0.8
~les,wn and s.alesMM11tn
Other p\lrsu•U in trade"
o. 7
9.8
4,2
0.8
4.0
1.0
Public service
Profnsio~l service
Ac to,., an1 s'"'°"""'n
Architects, 1~13nef"'I, drafts•n, and i"""entors
Art lsts. scwlpton., 11nd lHch-!rs of ut
Y!.n ic ians and t.Hchart of l'rW ic
Te.sche-rs
Technical 11nginnr1
Tr., i ntd nur~es
Other profeHioAtl purs.uitsv
5eniiprofeasiol"ll!lll pursuits•
At lerdants ard hel piers
2.0
1.2
0.6
4,9
0.6
8.2
0,6
1.6
o.4
0.6
2.5
1.2
0,4
0.1
1.9
0,6
0.1
6.4
0.7
0. 7
0.4
2.3
1,2
0.1
).6
0.9
0,5
0.1
0.4
0.)
0.2
0.3
12. I
15. 7
1,4
0,3
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
3.0
1.2
Bootblaclls
Char111tJC1111en and c I ean■ rs
EJe,..ator tenders
6.1
11.2
0.4
Oo19at ic and ,ersonel service
Barbers, haiNressers, ""nd ffftnicuri:sts
Roarding ,and la:tgin~ hou,e kce,pers
0.3
0.1
0.)
3.0
0,4
2.)
0.6
0,6
0.6
48.5
28.1
86.8
2.6
0.6
0.1
tt>tel 1M re,taur•nt keepers an1 /1'18.M;JerS
Hovselt&epf'rs and stewards
Janitors al'ld se.ctoro
laborers
Launderers and laurdrnws !not in 1.,1.1rdryJ
laundry and dry elH1t11rt!J
0.3
9.4
°""'"•
Nna~rs, and operatives
0.9
0.4
0.6
0,2
0.4
0,6
0,8
0,)
2.0
\.ij
0,8
0.9
0.5
0.3
0.3
2.3
0.6
7.3
23, 7
1.0
o. 1
1.1
Porters lexceot in stores)
Prac t n:a I nune,
0,4
0.8
Servants
4.2
o. 1
lat ters
Other pursuits•
I.I
8.0
0.9
;>l;.9
4. 7
9.8
1.2
Clerical occu~t ions
10.1
1.0
2.2
1.2
7.6
1.2
3.8
0.9
3.0
0.1
0. 7
0,3
0.8
4. 7
0.6
2.2
0.6
0.1
2.3
A.gents, collectors, ard credit ri-en
RoakkNpers, cashier,, &nd .. r:count~nts
Clerlis not e,lse#~ere clnsif,ed
llenenger, ttrrand, an-:! orf ,ce boys an:! girls
Stenographers and typi1t1
0.3
P.8
0.1
4. 7
60.5
1.2
13.10M 0-37-12
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORIERS ON RELIEF
-n•s
Table 1'-UIEMPLOTED
01 ULIEF MU 1134 CLASSIFIED BT OCCUPATIO" · RACE. ANO SU. MD All
GAIIFUL IORKUS II GENERAL P.OPUUTIOI 1930 CLASSIFIED BT OCCUPATIOII , •
EVA.SY ILLE, 11D1 AIU
occu,ATtON
TOT AL
Total -.orkera reportlnQ:
N..-er
Percent
AQdcu1ture
Fal"Nra lowners and tenanta) and fal"III ,,..,,.qer1
Fa,. laborers
F"ilhinia and forea\ry 11
Ultract Ion of 11inenl1c
Bakers
Blac k,-ith1 , forg...,., and M'Wlll~n
Boil an.kers
Brick and stone •sons and t 1le layer~
Bul1dlng COl"llractors
Carpenters
oru. .Mrs. ,.,..tresses.
and .. ,111.,.,..
Electrlciana
(rlgineera tstationaryL crane,aet1, etc.
n,...,.. laxceot loc.CJ110tlve and fire departllentJ
Fora.ft and Oit'eraeers (11118nufacturinia)
Fumacetten, s-ehal'ffltn. heaters, and ~lars
Wachlniats, ■ 11 lwr lghu, tool•.kers, and d ie setters
lllt41T(
TOT AL
Na.RO A._lltD OTitElt
WAI.£
, .... LE
WALE
5,211
lOO.0
2,802
JOO.0
1,007
100.0
720
JOO.0
682
IOO.0
1.3
0.5
0.8
0.1
).0
4.0
o. 7
0,2
0,2
5,3
0.5
o.•
2.6
0.6
-
0.2
...,
0.)
0.5
O.J
0.)
0.5
1.8
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.)
.
1.2
),)
I, I
•.O
4.8
49,3
0.2
60.8
0.2
o. 7
0.)
0. 7
0.•
o.
0.•
0.2
0.•
2.1
).8
o.•
0.9
1,0
0.8
1.5
1. 7
0.)
0.1
1.2
0.5
o.•
.
-
-
2.1
0.1
1. 2
-
55.6
0.
-2.2
-
---
5.)
10.2
14. 9
-
---
0.2
0.7
-
0. 2
-
0.2
0.2
-
-
0.5
0.5
M.snagers and officials (arenuf.c:turi"9J and -.nufacturers
Wechanlcs rt0t otherw'se specified
Plintert, 9lu:ler1, enamelers, etc.
Paper hangers
Pluterers and ce,,ent f inishers
Pltnt>ers and gas and steaa fitter,
Roofers al'ld alatert
2.0
0.)
0.2
0.5
0.1
3,5
0.2
0.8
0.7
6.4
0.4
0.7
1.2
0.1
0.5
-
0.2
).1
0.2
Shoenlekert and cobblers (nol In factory)
Slcil led worker, In print lngci
0.2
0,5
2. •
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.1
).8
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.1
6.8
o. •
0.1
0.9
-
0.5
Operat Ive,
~11dlng Industry
Chet11l~I and a11 led Industries'
Ciga r an:t tobacco factories
Clay, glass, and atone i ndustr ie.s9
Cloth ing lndustrlesh
Food and al I led lndus tries 1
Iron and steel. Nthlnery, etc. inoustrluJ
Weta! lndua tr-les , except iron and stHI
Leather lndust r ie, 1
LLll!ber and furniture lndust rtes•
Paper, printing, and allied industries"
Tex1. I le lndu1tri11°
Other nenufacturing and not soecifled industries'
laborers
Bullding, ~ral, and not spec:lfied industries
Chettical and al I ied Industries'
Clo,, 91 s, a1'd stone lndust r ies9
Food and alllld industries 1
Iron and steel, nechinery, etc. lndustrlesJ
h.Ullber and furniture lnduUr ies•
Other nenufacturing industriesq
Transportation a.ncl ccm,1micat Ion
#ater trans pert at ion I • •o. I
L.ongshoreffll!n and steveoores
Sai I ors, deckhands, and boatmen
Road and street transportation 1•• 0. I
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor dri..,ers
Or-aren and teM1.Sters
Garage laborers
Laborer-a for truck, transfer , and c.ab C.Ql'IIIPllnies,and host 1ers
Laboren, road and st reel
Railroad transportation 1•• 0.1
Baggageen. •fr■ i9ht agents . ticket nd stat ion agents
Boller #&Shers nd engirie hostlers
Braker-en tstua ral 1r-oed)
o. 7
.
. ..
0.1
• .1
0,7
0.9
0.9
.
).5
0.1
2.5
0,1
0.)
2.5
).0
0. 1
o.•
0.5
2.0
2.l
1.•
9.2
..
2.)
o.•
0.2
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.1
-
-0.2
--
-
-10,2
-
0.5
-
0.2
-
0.9
-
5,)
0.1
17.4
o. 7
0.2
2. 7
1.6
1.1
1.6
).1
0. 7
•.l
5. 7
0. 1
0.)
8.6
0.2
0.4
2.•
4.•
0.7
0.8
).0
0.)
5.•
4. )
0.9
0.2
0. 5
5.)
0.2
1.2
2.2
2.7
0.1
0.7
0.)
1.2
2.1
0.3
9.9
2.6
0. 1
0.5
0.5
1.7
2. 7
0.6
13.1
1.2
0.8
7.5
0.2
).0
0.2
1.9
).3
0. 2
19.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
--
0.2
).)
•.5
0.6
0.1
0 .1
0.7
-
6.2
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.8
.
o.•
0.4
Digitized by
-
0.1
O.•
0.8
-
0.2
-
0.5
1.0
-
0.1
-
-
I.I
-
-- 11.6.•
0.7
-
-
-
0.5
IS.7
2.3
1.6
1.5
Skilled workers not elsewhere classified•
Structural Iron -.orltera
Tailors and ta llores1ea
TinSl'llths and copperSflllth1
........
42. 740
JOO.0
1.3
Wattufactur1nq and 1111Chanlcal I ndustr ies
REL IEF 19J4
CENSUS
19>0
2.8
-
1.•
0.2
Google
-
---
---
-
-
--
1) .5
-
-
0.2
---
1.2
-
--
--.
-
-----
APPBNDIX C
Te•I• IJ-ll•OPlOY[O WOR«US OIi RELIEF ll&Y It)& ClASSIF1£0 IY OCCUPATIO•, UCE. UO SEX, UO All
GAUFUl ltOR«US 1• GE•ERAL POPULATIOII 11130 CUSSIFIEO IY OCCUPATl()tl,•
[VIISV I LL[•
I NO 1111-Co•I ta ■ ed
,.,.
A(Ll(F
CEIi~$
U:CIWAT ICII
TOT"-
TOTAL
M"-[
T,....-tetion Md c0111111Unlcatien lcontiftuedJ
ltl i lnlm transportation le,o. t (cont i nuedJ
COftCNCtora ht ...
,.o,'
9lllifl and Ort.,....and,.. ttrNt
,....,.,.
rai lroa:te)
loc:c.ot iwe
locoaotiwe
eno inee,..
S.itctwilln.
11....-. .,. ,.,....
...,.,_
bllW'H■,
..,.
and but
coo.tY«:tors
ti,....,_
.
radio, tel""°"'• -.:I 1•199~ le.o. I
-,.ntl.
rail-, •II deritt
lllail carr iers
Telephoftt and telegraph I lne.n
u,,...
••,,........,..,.,end
Tel19raoh .....,.rs
Tel~r ■ r:it-
and r'edio operators
Telepho,11 operators
Other trllftaportation end callalftlcatian purauils
F ~ and cwerNen
lnsoecton
'--•'"
Proc,rietort end lllliftl9«9"
01:fler oc.cupat i0ft9 1
Tr.N
~ l 1 i " 9 ...,.,,
C.0-.rci«I ,,..,.,.,..
0.1, .., _
Floora1kll-,.., f~.enoinspec:IOf'I
fneurwce W ,..1 ntate .,._.,, ,
•nae-,.., lftd offlclalt
0.)
0.2
0.8
0.5
0. )
0. 2
0 .6
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.1
.
o.•
0. 1
-
•
0.1
0. 1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.2
0. 1
0 .)
0.6
15.1
0.1
6.7
7.5
0. 1
0.2
1.8
0.1
0.5
o;1
0.6
0. 1
I.)
l,ab,o,rwt
o.,
rro.,ieton lbcept ret ■ i 1 dealteraJ 1
llwtail dealers
s.,_..., .. , _
).)
Other pursuits ht trade"
•
0.1
1.9
•
0.)
6.8
0.5
0 .8
0.1
0.1
o. 7
2.•
0.)
,-,.11c Mntlce
1.9
,,.of... iDl"III NrYice
Acton_,.. "-oaatf'
Architecta. dHl9ne,.., draft...,,, and lflYefttOrt
AN: i1ts. tculptort, and tNChert of art
..,_iciaM Md tNChe,.. of _,,ic
6.0
0.2
0.)
0.1
0.)
1.6
Techtllcal
•no,,..,..
Traifled l'IIUt'IH
Other .,-ofnsional puraulta"
S-ipl'ofHtiONI pur,witt•
Mtefldarttl and hel,era
DmlNt;c Md per.anal Mntlce
.,..,,., ._.,irdrHN,...., and ...,lc11rittl
lowdi"Q end lodQing hOVN kftpers
Booulac1&1
0t,a,...,. end
[lwator
c1..,.,..,
tender ■
Motel Md rntaurant 1Mteper1 and ..,,.r,
tlauNbe,en Md ■ t-rd1
Ja,iltort and NXtOM
L.Morer■
\.Aunditren and IIIUfldrnNt loot ht laundry)
0. 1
0.1
0.)
0.9
1.5
o.,
o.•
Other purwita•
,,.,.1cal occupetlone
Aflffl•. collectors, and credit 1111ft
8oold•eper1 . cuhien, and accountant ■
Cl•rb Mt 11...._,. cluaified
and office boJ• al'd ;Iris
........., . ..-renc1.
St ■l"llllra,hera
and typist ■
. .. ....... ,.,_
.
,.,
..,
0.5
2.6
0.1
2.2
0. 2
0.1
-
0.5
----
---
----
-
---
6. 5
10.0
-----
-0.8
-
----
0.2
0.2
-
-
--
6.)
-
) .I
-
---
o.•
2.)
0.1
1.2
-
0.5
1.2
0.1
0.8
0.1
0.1
,.o
-
1.9
0. 7
•
0.•
•
•
0. 2
0.2
-
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0.4
0.1
I.I
0.1
---
...---
FEMALE
C2
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.7
1.0
0.2
0.)
0 .)
0.)
•. 2
0. 7
-
o.•
-
YALE
-
22 .6
llttrtet"I (nce,t In 1torHJ
Pratt lcal nurNt
SlrvMta
NEGRO MIIO OTHER
F'O,AlE
0.2
5.6
0.)
U.l
0.9
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
LiuRd'1 aftd dr, clnning OM"tet'I, ~ r t . and operat lvn
•it•rs
-
0.2
_,,.,,. (incl-. Pot1•n 111 atOf"'ftJ
r-...,..
0.J
0. 2
1.0
0. 2
0.8
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.2
0,1
,.,.
Mtlf(
o.•
0.2
o.•
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.5
0.1
l. 7
I.I
•
0.1
--
0 .)
0.1
0. 1
0.2
0.)
-
0.5
0 .2
0. 2
0.2
4.5
0.)
)0.9
0.1
0.1
0.)
-
0.1
0.1
0. 5
0. 1
0.1
0.1
-
--
0.5
-
0 .2
-
1.2
2) .8
0.5
0.)
0.2
-
0.2
-
7.2
0.2
2.0
0.5
2.1
5. 1
-
0.5
).0
1) . 1
1.6
0.9
0.2
0. 1
1.2
0.8
•.o
6 .9
).0
2.0
0.1
2.2
0. 2
-
o.•
1.0
0. 1
o.•
-
o.•
I .•
0. 2
-
1.5
1' . 5
-
•.o
-
1.2
1.2
-
1.6
---
113-•
0.2
0.1
-
0.2
0.2
12.1
-
1.1
0.2
0. 5
0.2
2.)
1.)
0. 1
0. 5
-
--
-
-
o.•
-
-
---
-
0.2
-
0. 1
65.1
0.2
--
0.5
0.)
-
0.2
, ,., ,
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
156
~•blo 13-U•EWPLOrtD WORKERS OH RELIEF UY 193• CLASSIFIED BY DCCUPATIO•, RACE, HD SEK, UDALL
GAl•FUL IIORKERS I• GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOII,•
EVERETT, WASH I NG TOH
~ELIEF
occu,AT I ON
CENSUS
19.30
TOTAL
Total ..arlters reporting.
N....oe,
Percent
Agricul lure
fa,..ra (owners and tenants) and fa"" INM'\agtrs
Fana laborers
Fishing and forestry•
Extract ion of 111ineral1c
Manufacturing and ""ICtwmical industries
8 kers
BlackMiths, forge"tien, and h~n,ien
Bo 11 ■ makers
Brick and stone Nsons and ti 1e I ayers
Bu, Iding contrartors
.
TOT.\l
MALE
181
100.0
1
2
100.0
100.0
I.I
0.3
0,8
2.2
5.9
2.6
3,3
4.5
6.6
3.0
3.6
5.0
0.6
1,.3
-
1,.3
29.6
0.1
42. I
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
1,0
I.I
56.9
0.1
0.9
0.5
0.4
0.5
-
-
51.2
0.1
0.8
0,4
0,3
0.5
12.1
42.8
0,3
0.1
1.9
0,3
J.2
2,3
0.1
0.5
1,3
0.1
2,5
0,1
0.5
1.5
0.2
O.J
0, 4
2.5
0.1
0.2
0 . .1
0,2
0.2
2.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
3,0
0.1
0.1
0.1
Bolldl"'l Industry
Chemical and all led 1...tustries'
Cigar and tobacco factories
Cloy, gl ..,, and stone industries9
Clothing industries"
F~ wld al 1 led lnd1'Stries 1
0.1
0.1
0,1
0.1
0,1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
2.0
0,1
Iron and steel, ,w:hlMry, etc. industri,s-1
Metal industrl.s, except iron aNt steel'
leather industr-les 1
LU"'ber and fumi ture indust rie~
Paper, print Ing, .,-Id al I ied lndu.stries"
Textile ll'ldustrle,0
Other ..anufacturlng Ind not specified lndustriesP
0.1
2.3
0.4
0.8
1.2
Engineers (st t ion ryl, cranenren, etc.
Firemen (except locO"C>tiva and fire deo&rtNf'll)
0.1
Foretritt1 and owerseers l1Mnufecturl~I
1.1
Furn.cC!l"W!n, .,..1temen. Naters, and puddlers
Machinists. l'li 11.-rights. tool•hrs, and die setten .
Managers and officials (..anufacturlng) and ._nufacturera
Mechanics nol otherwise specified
Painters , gl tle,.s. enaaeler,, etc.
p_,.,. han;ers
Plasterers Md cetient flnl shers
PIWl!ber1 and gas and stN'III fitters
Roofers and slaters
Shoel'lekers and cobblers lnot In factory)
Skl 11ed workers In print lngd
Skilled 'M>rl<ers not el~ere classified•
Structural 1ron worlcer3
Ta 11 ors and ta i l oresses
Tln5111lths Md coppers.ralths
.
.
.
2.1
l,J
1.1
1.1
0.1
0.5
5.6
-
Operat Ives
Laborer•
Building. general, and not spKified ltdustrles
0,cnical and all led industries'
Clay. glass, int stone lndustries9
Food and all led lndustrles 1
Iron and steel, M1Cl-tiMry, etc. industrlesi
Lt.l'lber and furniture irtdustries"
Other 1114nufacturlng lndustriesq
.
..
0.2
0.4
4,J
0.6
0.1
1,8
-
1.2
1.5
1. 7
0.1
9.0
0.5
0,1
ID,3
0,6
0.9
1,1
-
-
0.6
-
J,3
-
---
--
---
---
0.5
1.2
--0.5
-
-
-
4.)
4,9
0.1
0.8
0.1
7.0
0,1
0.8
0.1
8.2
0.6
-
-
-
11.0
15.1
16.9
2.8
1.9
0.5
1.2
0.6
1.5
0.1
-
Road and street tronsportation fa.o. I
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Or11ymen and te.v,isters
Garage 1aborers
Laborers for truck. transfer, end cab CCfflP8nlcs. and hostlers
Laborers. road and street
2.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0,1
6.4
0,1
--
0.1
1,0
1.2
Rel lroad transport&\ ion 1s.o. J
8og909_,,, freight agents, t I ctiel end stat ion 81enh
8oi1er nshers and engine hostlers
Brakenen i1tetr1 rai1r•J
0,1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0,2
0,1
0.8
Transportation and ccnnunlcalion
Water transp0rtation ls.o. J
Longshorenien and stevedores
Sai I ors, deckhands, end boat.nien
ifow.E
1,295
100.0
0.3
0.1
1.7
0.2
2.8
tresses, and 111i I I iners
WALE
1,085
100.0
0.7
3,0
1.5
Electricians
NEGRO UO OTI4ER
~Oi&ALE
13,067
llX).0
4.8
0,4
0,6
2.6
1.3
Carpenter a
O...es.,...lters.
....
. . ,TE
2.0
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
11.1
1.6
o.,
-
-
-
Digitized by
1.5
-
-
-
--
-
.-
-
-
--
--
---
14,3
1, .3
----------
1'.2
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
Google
-
--
-
-
------
-
-
--
-
--
-
157
APPENDIX C
Ta"•
1:,-UN[WPlOYED WORKERS Oto RHIEf WAY 19)4 ClASSlf1£D HY OCCUPATION, RAC£, AIID S£1, AND All
GAINfUl IIORKCRS IN G£•ER4l l'Ol'UUTION li)O CLASS If 1£D BY OCCUPATIOII, •
[V[1'[TT. WASMINCTOII -
eou •••••
RELIEF
CEIISUS
OCC:Uf'ATIOII
1950
TOTill
TOTAL
,,.,..J
fr1M,pOrt ■ t
ion a'IICI co.Mic.t ion (cont
Railroad ,,..,....,,taUon •• · •· 1 Ccontinuad)
Conductor, ht ... llf'd atrNt ral lroe:S1J end bul conducto,..
ror...,. Md .,..,.._,...
l.Mo<wrs
locOIOtiYe . . i,.....
LocC11Gti•• fir.-.,
...,.......
...WJ9"',. 1•· ..
S.itc...._.., ,,.,..,.. and
U:oreu
,.n1111en
0. 1
0.2
0 .9
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
.
-
D. l
0.2
0.1
o.~
0. )
0.1
0. 2
0.)
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.)
0.)
0.1
0.)
0.4
16.2
0.1
0.)
0.6
0.4
•
Telegrac,tl . . . . . . . ,.,
Tele,graph and r.tio o,eratora
Tele,phone
0.4
0.)
0.8
0.4
0.)
0.1
0.4
rldio, telephone, and tel911ra,h 1a.o.1
,reaa .,..,..,.,. end ran.., • i i cl.,-ta1
.,_ii carriers
T e l ~ and telt1gra,h Ii..._...
0.2
oper■tor1
0.1
0.2
1.1
0.2
0,8
0.1
0.2
-
0.1
O.)
0. 1
0.1
-
Other tra,i1por11tlon and coaunicatlon ourauit1
For91Wft and owerMera
lnsoectora
a.-«era
Propr ietort
a,d
-.,.ager,'
Othitf' occupet i0f'la1
r,_
Alhiert ill"9 _.,.11
Coal'rcial .,..,.,.,.,
0.1 ive,.,..,_
Fl oc,,-.1 ker1, for...,., and inQeetor,
lnsura-1ee and ,... ,
Ht ■te
~ t i , ll'al'laa,er1. n
officials
laborer, linclYNI ,orter1 i n stornJ
-..
Propr,etort l••ce,t
lltt ■ il
•EGRO AlfD OfMP
FEMALE
MAL(
c-,rou .
19),&
IMIT£
retal 1 dealer1Jt
dealer,
Salnaena,'Gtsale.....,.
Other pur-,ita it11 trate"
Mlic Nrvice
Profnalon•I service
Actor, 8"d
1.6
~
0.4
o.~
-
7.2
6.6
12.1
0.2
1. 0
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.2
0.1
0. 2
o.~
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0,8
-
-
-
J.B
2.8
0.5
1.9
0 .6
0,5
0.5
-
7.2
2.2
1.5
7.2
--
0.6
0.3
0.3
lllw1ictan1 lftd ttacher1 of 11111ic
•
0.5
0, 1
0.)
Teachert
,.3
0.4
0.1
0.)
0.1
Technical eng1,...,.,
Trained ""'HI
0.5
0.9
0.1
0.1
O.J
Other profe11i0t1al purtuitl"
S.iprofnaional pwrwita•
Attenda,,ta and hal pera
1.8
-
0.6
0.4
Oaantic and per90f'A1 Nrvlce
8et"MN, hairdr. . Nrl, and -.nlcurista
loardi"!a and hxtgi "'9 houN keepert
ID.4
1.0
E19Vator lander1
Not.el and rn\lurant keepert and ....-,agers
HouNkNpert a,,cll ~t ... rda
J.,ltort and ...10111
Laborers
LAunditf'era and ltundrns.s (not i" lauftdryJ
Laundry end dry cluning owners, ...,_.,,., and operetivn
9.8
O.J
J, 4
54.7
0.1
1.7
0.1
--
0.1
0.6
0.1
0,7
0. 1
0.1
0.5
0.7
0.2
o.~
0.1
-
1.0
O.b
o.,
1.1
Servants
4.U
1.1
O.l
aaitera
Other pursu I t ••
Clerical occupations
fitt"U, collecto,..., lfld crf'd •t Ille"
BookkNl)ert, ca<Utt..-1, ...., eccount anti
2.H
2.9
0.1
1.6
Clerlls not .,...,..,. clanlf i ed
-·- - - --
0.9
0.1
1.8
lltaNnQer, errand, and office bOJI and 9lrl1
Stenographers atld typists
-
,.e
o.,
--
------
0.1
0 .5
-
1.7
0.2
O.l
1.5
2.8
-
I, I
5.~
0.6
-
I .I
l.8
-
8.8
26.5
6.6
-
-
--
0.7
0,1
5.0
-
I.I
-
---
- ---- --- ----- --- --- -- - ---- --- ---- --- --- - - -- --- -- -- • --- 1' .3 IOO.O
-- -1, .3
-- --- -
10.5
4.4
-
-
-
o.,
o.~
0. 1
--
-
2.6
0.1
1. U
O. B
-
-
I.I
2.8
0.5
-
-
.
-
0.2
0.1
0,3
Practical nwrtet
Porters l nceot it1 stores)
-
0.3
0.1
O.J
0.1
0.1
0. 1
•
0.1
Cha,..,,..n and cleMers
-
0.1
0.4
Bootttlacli:1
o.~
11.6
e.1
0.1
0.1
Arc.hi tect •• dftignera, draftllllltfl, and l,we,1tor1
Artists. sculptors , and teacher, of art
0.6
2.2
0.)
0.3
0. 1
0.3
-
0,Y
O. J
0.8
4.0
------
,.......
....c
-
IOO.O
---
- --- - -
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Table 13-UNEYPLOYEO WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, ANO All
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
FINDLAY, OHIO
IIELIEF 19,.
CDIUS
19,0
OCClWATION
Tota I ..orkers raport i ng:
....
TOTAi.
Mt I TE
TOTAi.
MALE
,
Parcent
A1r icul lure
Far111 laborers
Fishing and forestr,- 11
Extract ion of 11i ,.,-he
lillnufac:turing an::I 111Khl.nical induatrlH
485
207
7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.1
8.7
5.2
3.5
0.5
1.3
1.6
55.1
1.2
0.9
Black1111ith1, forgtMtn, end hltnen11n
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.6
1.3
1.9
0.3
1.3
0,4
o. 7
Electricians
Engineers (stationary). crane1111n. etc.
2.4
1.9
Fi...,..n (except loc.aaotive and fire depart•nt)
0.8
0.8
Fo,... n and oversNrs (nanufacturlngJ
Furnaceiten, ... 1temen, heaters, an::i puddlera
0.6
0.6
0.3
4. 7
6.8
Mtchanics not otherwiH- apecified
2.1
3.1
Painters, glaziers, eM11111tler1, etc.
3.9
0.3
1.9
5.8
0.2
2.5
Phl'l'lbers and gas an:I 1tNr11 fitters
Roofers and sla11r1
I.I
1. 7
Sh0el'Nli:ers and cobblers (not In factor1J
0,1
0.1
0.2
1.8
2. 7
0.4
0.4
11,4
1.8
2.5
2.5
Machinists, 111il l•ri11ht1, toolnakers, and die setters
Managers and officials (nanufacturlngl and •nufacturers
Paper hangers
Plastarers and cement f lnlshers
Ski 11ed workers in print lngd
Skilled workers not elsl'#here cluaifled•
57.1
o.a
0.6
0,...a.,..kera. HMlllfNIH, an:I •il1 iNt"S
14.3
51.2
1.4
0.4
C.rpentera
0.5
o.a
53.8
llakora
Boil en.leers
Brick and stone •acq and tile layers
Building contrac:lor1
FENAI.E
703
3.5
2.6
0.8
Fa,...rs (Olllrers and terentsJ and fana •ra!Jlrs
N8aAO MID OTMER
FEMALE
0.5
0.4
0.5
U.3
14.2
U.3
Structural iron .orlcert
Tailor, an::I tailoreases
TlnaL111ith1 and coppers111lths
Operativn
Building indultr')'
Chffflical and allla:1 ltdu1trl•f
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay. 9la11. and stone ind1.11trieal
Clothing industriesh
Food and al I ied in::lustrin 1
2.0
Iron and steel • ..chiner,,, etc. lmuatrlHJ
Mital Industries, tJCcept iron and stHlk
Laather industrles 1
lllllber and furnlt1o1re industries•
Paper, printing, and a11 i ■d incho11trie1"
Textile industries0
Other 1t11nufactt.1ring and not 1peclfi1c lndustrlnP
l.Aborora
Bi.,ilding, general. and not tpec;lfled ln::l111tries
Cheniical and all led industries'
Cla1, glass, and sto,. ind111tri ■sl
Food and all iecl industrla
Iron and steel, nachi,.ry. etc, lnduatrie1J
LIAl'Oer and furniture ir~u,trin•
Other 1t1111n1o1facturing irduatrinq
Tranaportat io" and t011111Unicat Ion
Water transportation la.o. I
0,5
32.8
0.5
6.8
0.7
0.4
1.4
4.8
0.5
0,1
8.4
0.2
0.4
0.8
4, 7
4.5
1.0
1.5
D. I
0.2
0.9
0,3
0.4
0.3
0,3
1.1
0.6
12.0
16.3
4.5
6.2
0.2
5.3
14.3
0,4
0.4
0.4
1.9
14.3
longshorenen and stev~ores
Sailors, declthandt, and boatNn
Road afld street transport•tlon c,,o. 1
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor driver,
Oraymen and lNneters
0.1
Garage laborers
Laborers for tri,ek, trantfer ,and cab
Laborers. road and street
c0111panie ■ 1
and host lera
5.0
Rai 1road transportation la.o. J
Ba911ge,aen, frei;ht agents. ticket and station agents
Boiler
••hera
and engine hoatlers
h - n (st- rallroodJ
Digitized by
Google
4
100.0
APPENDIX C
1!59
h~lo 13-UO(MPLOY[O •OR<[RS 00 RELIEF MAY 193' CLASSIFIED SY OCCUPATION, RACE, UO SEX, ANO All
GAINFUL OOR<ERS 10 GENERAL POPULATION 1930 cLASSIFIEO BY OCCUPATION,•
FINDLAY, 0HIO-C0Uf~11•d
.
A£l IEF 1954
, .,
C£1i11S.US
occur.u,o•
TOTAL
TOTAL
Trar.spcrt,tt ion ard CDf'lllunic,t io,, tcont ,nuect)
'l:11lrc>ed traMporlation 1a.o.1 lco,,tini.e:tl
\...o"1uc:t~rs hie.,., •nd street railrQ,11-t,J and bus con1uctora
0.1
0.2
LA.borers
1.6
2.J
LJxc,110t,we •~•neen
Loc.Ol'JIOI ,,,e f ,re,ren
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.6
libtonen
~i tc,._..,,
11.,,_n, and
,a,..,..n
[.press. post, redio, t•lepkone, and te1eQraph h,0.1
fxpres.1 a9Cnt1, express 1111C'Ue"'19rl, an::I r11l•1
,..,1
clerlr.s
Wail urrier1
felepho,w and u•le~nph I i,...n
hl1t1rapl'I ,,..,se,.rs
Tele9r.,,pt, and r&d•o operator&
Telepriore operators
0.6
1.9
Othl>r lransportat ion Ind COlllufticat ion pursuit&
ror--,n am °""'\ters
lnsp.rctors
0.5
0.1
t..~rl!rS
Proprietors aid nia,-ger1"
Other occupations•
0.6
0.2
0.J
o.,
5.,
6.,
C~rci•I trayelera
0,6
0.8
~I 1,rer)"'Wn
Floor•alker,., for.-n, and il"ll~to,.,
1,_wranu •nd rNI Hlo1t• 1911nt1, ,,.,.~,-.. end official,
0.J
o.,
0.J
o.,
o.,
0.6
Traa
bert11ing a~nt~
IAMren lincludn Portera in atornl
llt~tioys
Proprietors foceot retail i:1ea1.,,.,t
Artail dNl•ra
0. 7
Sales.n and aal ......n
o.,
2. 7
Other purtv• ta In trade"
0.8
2.8
0.5
2.9
0.6
Mlic Nrvice
0.9
1.2
Prof..,.iona1 aervice
2. 7
,.1
Actors and sho.-lltn
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.9
o.,
o.,
0.5
1.5
2.1
13.9
0.1
J.9
,S.B
0,6
1.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
Ardiitecta. deaig,wra, draft,... n, ard hwentora
Art 11ta, tcul pton, and IHchars of art
.._ ic lana and tHchen of """ic
Teac.hars
Tect•nlu1 englf'INra
Trained nurN■
Other profeHlo,.I punuitlw
S.iprofe1 ■ io,.1 pvr1u1u•
Attendant, and halpera
0..atlc and
,-,._,.1
NNice
•rbln, heln:lresNn, atd •nlcurlsta
lloonll .. ard lodgh,g lootblacka
Chl,_..n and
-,.rs
C IN,.1"8
1.9
0.2
"·'
100.0
Elaw•tor tenders
HDta:1 and restaurant keepers and •naeera
~ and 11... ,cta
Janiton and ... ,o,.
laborw,.
and 1aundrHM• lnol I• 1aundr,I
2.9
0.9
I.I
1.5
i._.,.,.
0.9
Laundry and drJ clNnlng a.Mra, _,..,.., and operat i~•
PDrterw fncept in 1t0rnJ
P'nct ical ..,,..,,
1.0
0.2
0.1
,.,
o.,
1.1
0.6
0.2
,.5
2.9
5.J
o.,
1.9
Sarvanu
•ttera
Other ,.,..,,..
Clerical OCCU111tlN1
collecton, Md credit an
.-a.
.......,.,.., , . .hlera, and
accountant ■
Cl-"°' al-re clualflad
- . , . en-Ml, Ml ofllca be>,--, ,1,la
Ml tr,lau
s'-......,.
...............
0.8
2.1
0.8
u.,
2.9
2.5
2.9
1oa.o
1.5
1.,
..,,
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORIERS ON RBLIBF
160
Table 1}-UOEMPlOYEO IORKERS 00 RELIEF MAT 193• CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATIOtl, RACE, ANO S£1, AID All
GAIOFUl OORKERS IM GENERAL POPUlAflOlf 1'30 CLASSIFIED IT OCCUPATION,•
FORT WATNE, IIDIAU
_,
Total .:>rilen r-epcn Ing:
IISO
TOTAL
,.,,.,.t
Agr icultu.-.
fan.en (a.ners wws tenants) .-.dfan.~r •
fu• IPOre,a
Fistling Md fore·llry'
C..trect ion of •ineral sC
lllanufactwrine
a,1(1
IIIIC~ical inoustriea
Bakers
and haaae,..,
Bledi... itha.
Bo i , .......,,
Brick and stone ..,ons __. l i le 1e.,era
Bu i ld i ng contractors
to,...,..
M_,lrdMI, and •i
I I inert
Electr ici ans
[nginNr1 (stationary). ,,......,.., etc .
Fi,....,
(except
For...,.
aid
loccaotiwe
iand
fire oepartaentl
owerseer1 (..,..,tactur i nol
Fur-nae_,, ... 1tef'111111'1 . hu.ters, and Pl,lddlara
k.h ini ats, .. i ll•r ighla. toollllaker1. and d ie Hltlr&
llla,i19er1 e,.s off ici als (•ni.,fachtr ing ) erld anufaturars
52.3
O.)
37,6
0.1
51 .8
0. 4
0.6
0.9
2.0
1.0
),8
5.2
,).)
o.,
o.,·
0,2
0,3
0. 6
,..
o.,
0.1
1.,
0, 8
0.8
0.3
1.0
1.1
0. 8
1.8
0.1
0.5
0. 1
1.5
0.3
2.1
,.a
Ro.:I and ltrN\ traMpGl"t&tion ••• o. I
<hauffeurs and tn,clt Md traetor drivers
Dre,wn and t . . . tera
Gar• lllbof'ers
laborer-a for trueli, traNf.,.. Md c• CQIIPMfN,and hostler,
Llboren. raied Mid str•t
Re ilrOld transoortation u.o. •
t icMt Md stetian •o-nls
frei9ht ..
loi ler ... hers and tngiN heat len
l•t- rollrood)
~a...-
.,ta.
.
3.6
0.1
5.8
1.7
2.t
0,9
1.,
8.2
8.1
.
1.1
0.2
0. 3
2.1
0.1
1.)
9.3
U.7
.• -.
2.u
0.2
0.2
0.1
o.,
•
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
0,2
.
,..
0.)
0.1
o.,
o.,-
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.6
0.1
0.1
0,4
2,l
o.,
0.2
1.2
1.2
-
5.9
0.1
2.1
1.,
1.7
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.2
----
0,2
-0.8
6.6
7.2
2.0
1.1
1.4
-2.5
)).2
3-•
-- --- - -- 1. 0
-- -0.1
1.1
- -I.I
l.1
- -1.8
- --- -).9
-- --- 0. 1
1.8
-0.1
-
..,-
o.,o.,
0.2
0.6
8.0
5.6
12.7
--
) .9
0.2
0. 1
0.1
l.8
0.1
10.5
-•
0.4
5.9
0.3
0.1
o.,
1.7
1.6
0.1
0.1
0,6
0.2
0.5
Digitized !)y
-
2,6
o.,
.
.
-
0.9
0. 4
u.,
4.8
-
-
-
2. 8
0.1
---
1.,
1.4
1.0
o.,
0.1
1.6
0.9
0.2
o.,
2.0
0,1
2,0
...
1.0
0,5
o.,•
o.,
5. 8
o.,
0.1
0.1
lonphor.... Md l\eYltdorH
S.ilon, dck"-m, ... - -
-
-
0.1
0.2
0.1
Tren.,ortation Mid ,__,nic.ation
•ter tr.,.POl""tation te,o. 1
2.5
-
o.,
Iron ano stNI • ...::h intry. etc.
l.utlllitr and hrf'liture induatri..Other Nnufcturi no industriu 4
IOO, O
0. 1
0.1
0.7
1.0
0.1
0.2
0,3
11
induatr l•j
145
100.0
0. 2
Sttc...kera a,-, cmblera (not in factoryJ
Skilled l#Of'ker1 in printing•
Skilled aorkert not el ...... re clu1ifltc1•
Str""twral i raft -orker1
Tai I ors and tai loresses
Ti,_,.ith1 and c.oHer•lthl
itld induttrl•
8'1
100.0
28)
100.0
,.,01
0. 1
..
1.5
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1
~~::· ::~~!;..fncr::!r:~if
;!:•.!!~ii:' l: r:::ystriN
•LE
2.,
,.s
o.•
Painters, glu:iera , .,._Iara, etc.
Paoor hanger•
Pluterers end c. .nt fin ishers
PIU11Der1 and 9&1 MO st•• f i tters
Roofers and ,later,
Laborers
.....LE
4.5
1. 8
2. 7
0.5
o.,
Ol'llP:
•-LE
MALE
0.5
0. 1
lllec::hen i cs not otherwise specified
Iron encl st•I • ..chine,,.. etc. industri..,J
Metal in:h,:atrin. ',cept iron Md stN1 11
Leether lndult.riee
u,IINr and fumit.urw il'ldut,trie..
hPff. pr int ing , Mid al I ittd induatrin"
Tect i le lndu1tr i11°
Other --..factt,ring and not specif ied inelllstri••
'""•aAO..,
•.676
100,0
1. ,
1.5
Operati•n
Building inctustry
0-.ical and al I iecl lndustriea f
Ci9ar 8"d tolNCCo factories
Clay, 9ln1, and atone itduatrl"f
Clothing indwtries"
Food encl al I ied industrin 1
.. ,n
fOfAl
•9.lf,2
100.0
1,7
Carpenters
Dns..-kera,
tlU.l&F
cosus
0CCUN,TIOII
•
0,1
o.,
0,1
,..
----
1.5
0.1
-
0.1
-
5,J
~
28.6
--
--
-
8.8
--- •••-- u.,
--- ---
Google
---
-1.,
2.0
-----
--
--
APPBNDIX C
161
T. . le l~UNOIPLOYEO •OIIICEIIS ON IEllH MAY 11134 CLASS IF 1£0 IY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, ANO All
GAIWUL •OlllUS IN GEIIERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION,•
FORT •AYN[.
INOIANA-Co•U••••
Rf.LIEF 191'
,,,o
CElf!.US
IXCYNTl(II
TOTAL
for.an
a,,d
ow.,...,.
Dul
cOl'ductora
i.-.n
Loccaotiwe efl!lif'INn
l.acCIIIOI•" f t r - "
lllotor-.n
~1tc_,., fl....,.,
0.4
0.3
0,3
and,.,~
ExprH1. paat, rao10, telephone, and tol99r•ph 1s.o.1
U,pre,a agents, n,re11 _u.nge,1, and r ■ fl•1 • i i clerlla
Mai I
c ■ rr
iers
Telophcwla and t•l99rapt1 I 1.-...n
Tel~r ■ Pf'I IIIH..,.rs
Tel~r ■ ptt and radio otilf'lltot'I
Tol ■ Dhone
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
•
0.4
0.1
cc.aunic ■t
IML£
1,.pecton
Prop,- ,et ors Ind •naeera'
Other oc.cwpal 1on1 1
0.1
0.1
2.8
I. I
0.1
0.1
0,1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0,1
0.5
0.6
9.1
0.1
0.8
0.8
9.5
0.1
1.0
I. I
10,9
0.7
0.6
0.2
16.3
0.2
Tr.tor.rt 111 nt agent.
,,...,.1.ra
0.8
Oel,wer,-n
flaorwel._,,, f ~ . and 1nspector1
1,...,ance Md ,...1 ntate -.ents,
•nave,..,
0.4
I.I
3.5
0,3
and officials
1.5
0.7
0,9
~ . , . . linclYdel porters ,n stornJ
0. 7
0. 7
= o r s lo.cept retail dealenJ 1
0.2
0.8
J.2
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.8
R-,,ai I dN lort
S.1..-.n and t.alftWOlafl
7. 7
Other purtuits 1n ,,._,.u
0.5
4,6
0.5
2.1
0.1
0.1
1.0
3.8
o. 7
9.8
o.,
0.1
o. 7
wrw,c ■
1.5
0.5
0.6
,..ofea,ONI NNice
7.6
2.2
0,1
0.3
0.1
0.3
0,3
2.1
2.4
2.5
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
o. 7
0.2
0.2
0.4
fl\,ol
ic
Actora Md s ~
Architects. des19,wr1, draft.....,, and 1nrri,entora
Art isu. tculptors, end lNChert of art
""•c ians and lHcher1 of IIIUS ic
Teachen
Technical "9if'1Nrs
Trained ,..rMS
Other s,rofns,onal 11,1r1wits"
S..iDt'ofen•~I pursuit,•
Attendants aft:t helpers
Oc.nt ic al"d sar10N1 I
0. 1
0.8
0.2
0.4
1.8
0.9
1.0
1.6
O.J
0.1
0,4
0.2
0,4
0,4
0.1
0.4
0. I
0.1
0.5
13,4
3.1
1.0
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.3
BootDlacks
Cha,,.,..n and c leMera
[1...,-ator terdera
0,3
0.1
0.5
O.J
0.1
0.2
0.1
1.2
0.2
Hote I and rnt ■ urant ._..,,, and ,.nave,.
Housekeepers and 11.-ro,
Janitors and Nxtons
Laoorers
Llunderen and laundresaes (not 1n l ■undryl
0.5
0.5
1.2
0.1
0.2
0,3
0.3
0.4
0,4
0.9
0.3
2.0
0.6
0.1
Laundry •nd dry c INninq tMners, •negers, and operatives
Porters (except in storesJ
Pr■ct ,cal nurMa
o. 7
0.9
0.1
0.4
0.4
Servant,
Cleric.al ac:cuoat 1ona
collectors, and credit ~
&oo. .... pers, cashiers, and accountants
Clerks not elsfthere clau1l1ed
llllasaenger, errand, and office ooya and 91rls
Sterqraphera Md typisu
.......... ,.,.,.
o. 7
0.1
12,8
0.6
J.O
6.3
0.2
2. 7
1,8
1,4
27,2
91.0
0.2
8. 7
Waiter,
Other pursuits•
0.1
0.6
Nni ice
lerbera, ha1ntre1ur1, and ..,,,cur,sta
0.2
2.8
2.1
1.0
Boantina end lo:S9,ng house l..npers
.,_ts,
,lila.Li
,on our1,.11t1
LAborers
C:C-rci ■ I
.
0.1
1.0
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.3
FOMLE
0.2
optl'ators
Olher tranaport1t10l'I end
For-n ano .,.,.,,_,..
0.8
0.2
0.7
0.8
ANO OTH£A
TOTAL
MILi
r,......tation Md caa.,,iicat,on lconto•1uedJ
lai I road transportat 1o,1 • • · • · 1 lcont ,nuedl
Conductors 11, ... and slrNt r ■ 1 lroedsJ end
■ E&AO
11N1TE
37.1
1.0
I. 7
1,5
2.5
o. 7
5.5
4.8
1,4
8.8
0.1
.
5.7
1.6
5.6
0,3
1.0
3.3
0.2
0.8
13.8
1.4
0.2
0,1
3.2,
0.1
0. 7
0,J
0,1
1.8
5.C
0,4
4,8
4.6
17.5
6.!i>
60. 7
10.I
0.8
1.8
3,4
4,5
1,4
1,4
0.3
0,1
3.8
0,7
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKBRS ON RELIEF
162
Tobie 1'-Ul[M,LOHD -•ERS 01 .CLIE• IIAY lt,. CLASSIFIED IY occu,u101. HC[, AID SEX, AID ALL
GAIIFUL IIORKERS II GEIERAL ,O,UUTIOI 19,0 CLASSIFIED IT occu,u101.•
GAS TOI I A, IORTH CAIIOLl 114
RELIEF lt)4.
CENSUS
19)0
occuP,.TION
-·
'#M ITE
TOTAL
Percent
Agricul turt
Far1Ntr1 (o.rners and tenants) Ind fam 1N1f\lger1
Fam laborers
Fishing ard forestry•
F0Ml£
)61
in
97
54
33
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
l2.7
8.,
4.4
11.3
4.5
6.8
8.2
8. 2
25.9
14 .8
11.1
12.1
12.1
0.J
0.6
-
1.9
-
82. 5
3).3
0.J
htr.ctlon of 11ineralac
63 . 9
Mllnuf.cturlng and ....:hanlcal Industries
NEGRO A,eD OT'HER
... LE
75.0
ALE
Bakers
Black .. iths, forgenien, and hirnenMn
8o l le,-ker1
Brick and 1tone •sons and tile layers
Building contractor1
0.3
l.9
C.ro.nten
Oreunekers,
trHHs, and •1 I I lntn
Electrlc1ans
Engineers lstationaryl, er; ,....,, ate.
Fl,.._... (except loccnrotive ar,d rlre deo,lrtaentl
2.5
0.5
5.0
0.3
0.6
Fort111en at\CI overlffn taenufecturlntl
0.3
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.5
1.9
3.6
Ful"NGelllen, ... 1tenonen, heaters, and puddlera
■ illwrlghts,
i.tec:hlnic1 not otherw ise soecified
1.4
1.7
0.6
1.7
Pall'lters, glaziers, enaraelers, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and cewiern flnishe,...
Pl"'°«lrs and gas nd 1tN11 fitters
Roofen and slaters
0.5
1.1
Machinists.
lenagers
tool•kera, and dlt
tt1ra
nd officials (,-nufec:turlngt and •nufactwrera
o.,
,.6
0.6
J. 7
0.3
1.9
ShoMekers and cobblers (not In factory)
Skilled rken In prlntlngd
Skilled workers not elsewhere classified•
Struc t ural Iron worliu, r 1
Tallors and tailoreues
o.,
0. 6
Tin1111lths and COPOtrS"tiths
Operatives
Building Industry
Chenical and al I led Industries'
Cigar nd tobacco factories
Clay. gla,1, and Slone Industries'
ClothlnQ lndustrlesh
Food nd al I led lnd1o11triu 1
o.,
Iron and stHI. •chine,,, etc. lndustr iesJ
Metal lndustrle , except Iron and &tNI•
l.Mther lndustrles 1
LUIIO■ r and furnlt1o1re Industries•
Paper, printing, fld all led Industries"
Taxtile il"dustr,n°
Other •nufacturlng and not specified Industries'
laborers
9'.lld l ng, gene,-1, and not specified indust riu
Cheniical and 1111 ied industries'
Clay, glass.and stone industries'
Food and 1111 led lndustrles 1
Iron 11nd steel, NC.hinery, e t c. Industries.I
LUllber and furniture indust ries-9
Other Nnufacturlng lnctust r luCI
Tran.sporta t Ion eA:t comunlc.t ion
1.0
0.6
I.I
49.0
1.0
54 . 7
I. 7
1.9
I. I
I.I
3. 7
0.3
80.5
J .7
1.9
3.0
4. 5
4. 7
3.4
1.8
1. 6
Wate r transportation cs.o. 1
Longshor-.n and s t evedo res
Sllilors, deckhands , and boat•n
R* and st~t transportat ion fs, o. J
ChauffMAra and trvck and tract or ddvers
Ora,...n and ttMISters
7. 4
Garage laborers
laborers for truck, transfer,
Laborers, roed and 1trNt
Rai I road tral\S.C)Ortatlon fs.o. I
and
cab ccnpanles, f t hos tl ers
::n::.e:. .~•!:!t:~'ho!~r:~!
Br11Jl...n 1st ... railrNdf
I.I
and stat ion ~ant&
o.,
0.3
Digitized by
0. 6
1.9
Google
APPENDIX C
163-
Ta'1o 13-UN[MPLOYEO l'()RK[RS ON RELIEF MAY 193' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RAC[, ANO S[X, ANO All
GAllFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
GAS TON I A, NORTH CAROLI NA-CoU l• ■ •d
CXCUll'ATION
RELIEF
CENSUS
19,0
TOTAL
19}&
N£Gllt0 AND OTHER
WHIT(
TOTAL
MOLE
FOMLE
--
-
,BMLE
MOLE
Trat<sportat ion and c~nicat io,1 (cont inuedl
bilrold lransportatiOft l•.o.J (continuitd)
Conductor, (tlNII and atr·Nt railroads) and bus conductors
Fo,....n and over.,..,,
Lalaor•rt
lo(ca,t i we engineers
.....,_
Locamtiwe f,r....,
9-ttctaen. fl....,,,
and ,arc:Nn
E,,p,.., post, radio, ttleohone, and tele,graoh ts,0.1
born. agents, exprn1 • ....,.,.,. and r1il•1 Nil clerlls
111111 c ■ rrier-s
• TeTeohofw and t•l99raott Ii,....,,
Tele,vraph • s ~ r s
Tele-gr1pt1 and radio ooer·,ton
Tell'Phone operator,
Other tran100rtation and c~1c1tion pursuits
Fo,....n and over1Nn
Inspectors
Lallorers
Proo,.ietora
and
•naterar
other occuc,at ions•
Trodo
1
-
0.3
0.6
-
--
o.,
-
-
ill'IIIJ ■ gent.I
eo-.rcial travelers
Del iver,,..n
0.6
--
0.6
-
lflsuranc:e and rNI ntale agents. ,.,.119r1, and officials
0,3
0.3
ProPrietor1 (except retal I dNleralt
•tail ct.lert
S.le.-n and Ml•.....,.
Ot"-r pyrauill in tradeu
-
I.I
Laborers I inclwdet portera in storttl
.... sboyt
-
---
...-
-
Floor• I kers, for-,, and i na,pactors
-
-
4,2
...,.r1
0.6
-
I.I
0.6
-
1.4
2.1
1.1
Mlle Nrvice
0.8
0.8
ftrofHsio,wl Nr"¥iCI
Actor-t a n d ~
Architects. dnl9ner1, draftl!Nfl. and irwentor1
&rtitta, 1eulptors, aftd teechen of art
lltsic ia,. and lNChert of -.sic
Teether-a
0.6
0.8
T.c:hnia,1 engil'INr&
Tnilnitd nurNI
Other profnaiOMI pvrsulh"
S..ipn,fntlo...l pursui tt•
Attendant& aNI hel,.rt
Banter-a. hairdrHMrs, and ...,nlcuri1t1
lloordlng ond lodging '-N k-•ra
llootblack1
Cha,...._. IN cl_,.n
Elewator t..,.n
Ni:ttel and rNtaurwtt "-"" and •naeer•
~ r • and 1t-rd1
Jani ton Md ..,.\On■
Laborera
~ , . , , . oncl , _ , . . _ (not In launctr1J
Nftllrt,
•11111r1. and c,peratlve1
"'""'" , ...,.,,t in atom)
Pnct ical
s....... ,.
MllraN
.. it.,..
Other purauiu•
Cler lea I
occupation ■
At,ent ■• collecto,-., and crwdit -.n
Book.._.n, caU'llen. and accountantt
Cl1r1l1 not eJNft,.. claaaified
.......,., errand, and office boy1 and 9lrl1
:11-rophoro oncl t111l1U
-
-
o.,
--
0.3
-0,6
10.8
1.8
-
....tic and NraoNI MNICI
laundr, and d,.., clNning
-
-0.6
-
-
-
--
0.6
0,3
0.3
0.6
0.)
0.6
1.6
a.,
0.5
0.3
1. 7
o.,
0.6
0.8
-
-
--
-
0.6
0.6
1. 7
-2.)
-
-
3, 7
---
-
---
-
--
--
-----
-
--
-
-
-
-
).1
7,4
,.1
-
5.5
-
-
--
-4.1
--
---
1,1
-
1.0
1.0
1.0
-
2.1
1.0
I.I
--
-
1.9
-
--
-
--
---
,. 7
-
-
,.o
---7,4
--1.9
-
1.9
--
).6
----
--).0
-
---
84.9
-
--
6.1
-
Ul.2
--
).0
57.8
-----
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Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Table 1)-UN[WPlOYEO •oRK[l!S ON RELIEF IIAY l9)t ClASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, ANO All
GAINFUL •ORKERS IN GEIIERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
GLOV[RSVILLE, NE• YOU
RELIEF 1934
CENSUS
OCCUPA.TIOH
IQ}O
TOTAL
Tot al workers reporting:
N....,t,er
Percent
1
Agncul ture
Fal'1fflrs (owners end teMntsJ
nd
fam managers
Fam laborers
Fishlna and forestry 11
Extract i on of t1inera1,c
linnufactur,ng and -cMnical induJtriH
Bak•n
TOTAL
)87
100,0
2.6
0.5
2.1
0.)
o.,
69.2
1.0
Blaclc.lfJliths, forg.-en, and hannel'l'ien
Boilef'!'tlllters
Br i ck and stone ,wsons nd tile layers
-1.8
Build i ng contractors
0.5
Carpenters
..
NEGRO
WHITE
...LE
FEW.U:
265
100.0
102
100.0
11
100.0
9
100.0
,.a
-
-
-
-
--
-
82.3
9.1
22.2
-
-
0.8
,.o
0.4
0.4
68.2
1.5
-
-
2.6
0.8
-
-
4.5
-
9.1
-
4.9
Fire,,,en (except loc.OfflOtlve and f i re department)
I.I
I. I
0.8
For
o:J
0.4
-
n and 0'11trseers ll'Mnufacturing}'
Furnactnen, anel tel"ffl!!n, heaters, and i,uddlers
Wachinists, Mil I wrights, toolrukers, nd die 1etter-s
0. )
2.5
0.4
trMnagers and offlcia1s (rM,,ufacturingJ and nonufactun,r~
Mechanics not otherwise specified
Pa.Inters, glaziers. eMmelers, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterer-a and cement finishers
Pl lffl>e:rs and gas and steM flt ters
Roofers and s1atera
5.2
O.J
0.5
0.5
O.J
7.4
0.4
0.8
0.8
0.4
Shoemakers ard cobblers (rw>t in f11CtoryJ
Skilled .,nters in printing"
Sidi led
ners not else-here clusifiecf9'
Structural iron -or'iers
Tallors and tailoresses
Tinsniths 11.nd copperSrtlths
0.5
0.8
Operatives
Building Industry
Chemical and al I led lrdustriesf
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glass, •nd stone lndustriesl
Clothing l rdustriesh
Food and allied irdus tr les 1
Iron and stNI, nechinery, etc. industr lesJ
Metal industries, except iron and steel._,
leather Indus tr ies
urrber and furniture lndustrle..Paper, printing, and •I lied industries"
T.xtlle industries0
Other nenufacturlng and not specified lndustrJuP
-
20.9
0.5
). 7
-
6.0
-
-
-
-
62.6
-
10.)
0.3
12. 7
0.4
2.)
1.8
2.J
1.5
2.9
3.0
4.6
6.1
1.0
5.9
-
Laborers
~1~:f• .~en:~!~ ~r-d:!r~:,1 fied
indust r ies
Cley, glass, and stone )ndus triesV
Food ar-d allied industries 1
Iron and steel. machinery, etc. indu1triesJ
LU1111ber and furniture Industries•
Other mftnufacturlng lndust riesq
Transportation and cOl'mlUnicat Ion
Wt.tar transpcrtation fs.o. I
Long~ot'Wlll!n ard stevedores
Sailors, deckhands, and boatmen
Road and street transportation la.o.J
Chauffeurs and tn,ck and tractor drivers
Oraymen and teaneters
Garage 1•borers
laborers for t n.,c:1t, transfer, and cab co,ipanies, and hostlers
l.Aborers, road and street
Rall road transportatloo la.o. I
Bagg-. freight a,aents, ticket and stat ion agents
&oiler 'MlShers and Mglne hostlers
Brak_,, l•t- rolln,aaJ
-
-
-
--
-
1.0
-
-
-
0.8
-
-
-
--
0.8
-
-
-
-
0.8
-
OTHE.R
FEMM.E
3.4
1.3
0.8
o. 7
0.5
tresses, and 1t1i 11 i~rs
DresS!IAkers,
Electricians
(nvinNrs (sUtiON1ryJ. crantnien, etc.
Ml)
IW.E
-
--
-
-
-
---
-
---
-
---
---
-
-
-11.1
----
11.1
-
-
1.5
8.6
1.0
-
--
9.0
10.9
1.0
45.4
--
-
-
-
----
3.8
0.8
4.4
0.8
27.2
9.1
--
0.3
2.7
-
4.1
-
-
--
-
-
--
-
1.0
6.3
-
-
-
-
Digitized by
-
0.4
-
-
-
Google
-
---
APPENDIX C
165
Table 1)-UN[IIPLOY[D WOR«ERS c• HLl[F WO Ill• CUSSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RAC[, UD SEX, ANO ALL
GAIIFUL IORKERS IN G[l[RAL POPU_LATIOI 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOI,•
GLOV£1iSV I LU, 11£• YOfU&:-Co•l U11•d
. ,.
•n11,
CU$4.1$
OCCI.PATIOII
TOTM.
ttJ4
M41TE
NEiAO #ID OTHlA
'IOTA&.
Tren1portat1on and c01"111Un1cat1on lcont1n1Adl
IQ,lroad tran.~portat,on , •. o. t lcont1.....,edl
Cond11clort fit•• .t.nd ltrNl ra.iroadll aM bwl COnduClO"I
LocOfJIOt i we
~
1
0,)
o.,
0.5
o.,
MDtor'!ften
S.,tctvt.n,
0.J
o.,
9.1
neer,
Locc1110t ,..,. f i re,ten
n~.
and 1 areftltn
[.pr~n. post, rm,o, t•l@C>~ne. 11.nd teleigrapt- u.0.1
E•t1re9,s &~~ts, IJJCprn\ ~un~rs, ari.1 rail . ., 1111111 clerks
.._, I carr,"'r•
Telf'C)~-one ilf'd t•l~1rtph I,,_.,.
Tel eqraph !lln9ol"l'l~frl
Tel
"9'...,"' .,..,
rsd,o operators
0.J
Telcihone o~rator1
1.0
Othe>r tr4mp:,nati">" aM co,a,,nication pursuits
For.-e-n and ovei,ffrs
L"bore-rs.
Pr'.Jl)!"i et ors and "WIM~rs r
Other occ..,pat ioAS•
Tr-
5.6
0.2
0.8
0.5
Advert I II "9 agents
eo-rc,al tri1weler1
[)pl,veq,~
a.,
o.,
,.9
I.I
D.B
F'loor•lk«!'r!., for.-ier,, and ,n,~tor1
lt16'1rM<.e •nd rNI "l•t• agenta. IM~!i9r•. and off,ci•ls
Labor!'rs fincllolde porterw ,n 1tor■ 1J
Mewsbo,1
Propr1eton leace9t retail dealeral'
Aet..d IM'JJlers
Sale,_,,. an1 s,.1.~n
Otl\er pur1u1ls 1n trade"'
Profns1oral sel"'t•c•
Actors and ,...,,_.n
Arc~1tect'I, de-s,11""''• ,;reft~. and inventors
Art• sa, sculptors. and te,1chen of art
lll1o•c•¥11 and teact\ers of
-..,,c
0.2
o.,
o.e
1.1
2.A
D.J
2.2
o.,
I.J
1.9
2.1
1.9
•.9
2.9
0,5
Tuchera
Technical engineers
0.8
I.I
0.5
Tr1111ne1 nurses
Ot~er pr-.Jftt,,11on1I
2.0
puf"11,11tt"
S-,iprof"ss,on,.J pu,-,.ui
Attendants ind helpers
u•
Doant1c and penonal ser.,ice
0,J
7.5
Barbe~. hairdressers, and -.n1c.urists
Boarding and lodg1n9 house ke-e,pera
Aootbl.-.c:i.,
O•.ar.-:,,t1en :1nd clHM.rl
[lr1•tor tenders
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.9
M
6.9
o.,
,s.5
11.e
9. \
18.2
o.,
ft:ltel ,n,1 r,nt11unr,t ke~Prs •nd 1111na9er1
1-tlu'l!'keepers and stewerds
Jan, tors &nd se•tons
0.)
Lt borers
0.)
o.,
0.5
0.8
1.0
Uiunderer!i ard laundrnsH fnot in laundry)
laundry and dry cleaninq oM'lera, •rogers, and operati'lft
Porters le•cec:>t , n 1tore1I
Practical nurtes
SPrvants
la, ters
Other pursuits•
Clerical occupations
l~e.,ts. collectors, and credi\ ~
'\:)ol..1,:ee,pers, c..s~iers, anc1 ,.,,ount1Jnt1
Cieri., not else,,,here class, f1ed
Wiess~~,. erraM, and office boys and g1rl1
Stenognphers and ttP•sts
O.J
1.0
,.e
i.e
,.9
2. \
0.)
0.8
2.)
2.D
0.8
o. 7
18.2
77.8
o.,
1.0
I.I
1.0
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
166
Tab lo 13-UNEMPLOY[D «ORKERS ON •ELIEF II.IT 193C CLASS IF TED BY OCCUPATIOtl, RACE. ANO SEX, AND ALL
GAIIFUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATIOI 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
HIBBING, MIHES0TA
R£LIEF 1934
CENSUS
OCCIIATIOlf
19:,0
TOTAL
lOTAL
WH I TE
WAL E
.,(GAO ANO OTMEA
FOIAI.E
,cg
;)80
69
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.6
0.1
0.9
1,8
1.9
0.8
I.I
2.1
[xtraction of 11, ne,..1sc.
21. ,
32.,
W.nufacturi "9 ,no n.echlnical indus tr ies
<ers
26.5
0,2
0.2
29. 7
Boilentekers
Brick and stone muons and t Ile layers
Building co ntractors
t.•
1.6
Carpenter,
3,1
3. 7
2.,
F i remen !except locCIM)tive and fire depar-tJnentJ
D. 7
0,9
2.0
2.5
2.9
Foremen and overaeera {manufac turing)
0.2
0.)
Tote I .rorkera reoort i"9:
AQricul lure
FaOftlrs (orne rs
nd tenants) and fam tl'llnagera
Fam laborers
Fishirt9 and rores tr1'
Blacks111 i ths, forge,tien, and haffmet'fflen
Orwssnekers,
Electr,c ian1
se_,.t,eues, and 111111 lnera
Engiretra (stationary). c,.-anemen, etc.
Furnscetren, s,nel temen, heaters, ar-d puddlers
M.!lchinllts, 111illlllfrlght1, too1"'5kers, and die setters
Managers and orflcials l•nufacturingl ana nenutactunira
Wechanlcs not otherwise specified
Painter,. glazlera, ena.malera , etc.
Paper ha nge f"'I
Plesterera and ee,Nnt finishers
Pl lolllbers ard ou .ind steaffl f i ttera
Roofers and sla ters
$hoefl9kers ard cobble rs (not in factory)
Sli.lll«t #Orkers in printingd
Sidi led lfOrkers not els.. hero clauiflect•
Structural I ron ..,crkers
Tailors ard ta lloresses
TinS111iths and copperS01lths
C)perat lv11
Building lrdustry
Chettllca l and al I led industries '
Cigar •rd tobeicco factories
Clay, glass, and stone industrlesl1
Cl othing lndus tr lesh
Food and allied lndustrles 1
Iron and &t NI, "9chlnery. e t c. tnmntriesJ
Mital Industries, except iron and ateelk
Leather l ndustr1H 1
U,11'.!'ber and f1,1rn,ture ln::lustr11,s•
Paper, printir-9, nd allied industrles"
Textile lnduatrlea 0
WALE
8.7
0.2
0. 2
•. )
1.0
o. 7
0.8
) .8
2.0
•.5
2.,
1.8
2.1
0.2
0.2
o.,
0.2
o.,
0. )
0.5
0.2
0.2
o.s
0.5
o. 7
0.5
0.2
0.)
0.2
0.3
).8
,.s
2.9
1.5
Ot hflr r,enuft1ctur1ng and not specified industrlesP
Laborers
&,tiding, general, and not specified lndustriea
Chemical and allied industries'
Clay, glen, and stone industrie.s11
F'ood and allied indust r ies 1
Iron ard 1tnl 1 NChinery, etc. industrlesJ
Lumber and furn i ture i ndustries"'
Other ff'enufacturlng lndus tr iesq
Transportation ard cOfll'IU nication
Water transportation la . o.t
Longshoremen and stevedores
Se ii ors, deckNnds, and boetlftltn
Road itnd street transportation la.0 .1
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
0ra}'fflen and teamsters
Garage 1aborers
laborers for tn.ick. transfer, •nd cab COftlPl nfes, and hostlers
Laborers, road arid street
0.2
0.)
18.5
21,)
1.,
0.2
8.7
0. 2
0. 2
0.3
1.6
1.8
2.9
Ra.ilrced traMportatlon •.0. 1
::n:~°::he~;•!~te~~:sho!~~~ and stat ion agents
Brakemen (steatt rail road)
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HlilALE
APPENDIX C
167
h•I• IJ-Ul[ll~lOHO •011•c•s o• •Ell[f IIAY 19)4 CLASS If 1[0 8Y OCCUPUIO ■ • RAC[,
GAI ... UL WOlll[q5 II G[l[UL POPUlATIOI 19)0 CUSSlfl[O BY OCCUPHoOI,•
uo sex. uo
MIBBt ■C.
All
MIUES0TA-C0UIIIHd
10TAL
Tnil"COO'"t•t ion and c0111111niut ion (cont 1nuedl
Railroad
tr ■ P'ISoortat
ion ILo.J lcont,n!A':fJ
Con:luctors !•t~ and 1lrNt ,.,lrOlldsl and M
comuctors
loc.Ol'IOI iv• •rio i neert
1.,
1. e
lo((IIIIDtiwt f1f'Slll'f\
2. 9
,.4
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.3
Mttto,..,.
S. i tc.Mln .
fl~"• •~ 1•rdaen
,.,.P~.
••P~H 119\M~r,,
hP,..H. OOll, r-ad•O,
[.apr.ss •~nta,
and tel1t9,...pfrl ... ., .•
and ,.. i l•1, -.ii clerti1
- i i ,,,.,,.,,
Telt,pl'lol'Mt ard tele9r1ph
Tele9'11ptl ... , .. noi,r1
ftl~roh •rid radio operators
Teleph0ta o,eratora
1,,,...,.
lttti,eclort
Laborers
2.9
0.4
Othtr tniftlportat ion and c~nicat ,on purawi ts
f:o, ... n and
Oft"•'•
Propr,ators and ..na911r1.r
Ot._r occwrpeti~•
0.2
0.3
3.e
4.2
4.9
4. 7
I.I
0.2
1.3
0.)
0.3
0.2
0.2
3.1
0.3
2.6
111,,bl ic Hrvice
I.I
1.)
,raf•aior.1 Mrvic•
2.4
1.9
0.2
0.)
0.2
0. 7
o.,
1.5
2.9
I.I
1.0
1.4
0.2
0,3
14.2
0. 7
0,2
0. 8
,,_
Aawart i 1 i "IQ aeent I
CCJ"Nrc1af trav•f1r1
Otl i ~r,._n
floor•llilers, fo,...,n, arw::I ira,ector,
l"'uranc• afld rNI Htata atentl ,
,_,.ge,..,
5.8
arw::I official1
lAbc,rars (incl..,_ porters in 1\oresJ
lltiftboJI
Propl"ietors lexuot r9t1il dellersJ'
Rltt•i I dealers
~1""9,, and sales-oNn
5. 8
Otl'wr pursuits in trade"
Ac:tora •'Id 1 ~
Arcfrlitecta, dHig,-rs, dnih.,..n. and lnventora
A,.t i sts. aculpt ors, and t•achtra of art
lltllc ial'III a'ld t•ac._r, of 1111sic
fMChera
TecPlnical •ngi,..,a
freifWd nurwt
O\her profess,o,.1 purawitt"
S.•orore,a tonel ours.,ita•
Atlardanll atd t.lpar-a
Doilltat ic and peraorel Mrvice
Aa,...,.a, haintrnaers, and ,..nicuriata
brdi"Q and lod9i"Q l'touu kNPera
llootbl•cks
).,
5. 8
7).9
1. 4
C...,nacr.,, and c1Nnera
Elevator tal'ICNra
"°t•I and rntaurant keepers and ,..na~rt
Houseilttp.rs and tt ... rd1
J&11 i tort •IW:1 N•tona
Ulborar1
0.2
0.9
1.3
l,,aunderera and laurdreun !not in laundr1J
0.2
La.,nctry and drp clNninq o,rners. Nl"ll9fr-t, and operalivn
Ft.ttera (awcept in atoreaJ
0 .2
Ptac:t1cal n«ut
Sen,anu
••t•ra
Other pu"uits•
Cler ical occ""t icwe
lqtnt1, collectors, and credit .. ,..
flookk•pers, ca.shiers, and accoi,ntanta
Clerks not •h..,...,.. classiri@d
llnNnger, •rrand, and office boys ard 9irl1
Stel'lll9raphef"t and t1pists
0.)
5.8
8.6
1.4
0.2
I.I
8.5
2. 1
7. 2
4). 7
5.8
0.9
1.6
I.)
2.9
0.5
0.9
0.2
0.2
1.4
0.)
o.a
1.5
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
168
Tobie 1)-UNEYPI.OYED WORKERS ON RELIEF 11.lY 193' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, HO SEX, UO All
GAINFUL IIORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATIOI 1930 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATIO■,•
HOUSTON, TEXAS
Total 110r'. rs reoortir,g:
.
REI..IEF 19}4
CENSUS
0CCUP AT I ON
19)0
. ...
'Mt I TE
,.,..,
NE&RO AWO OtltEft
TOTAL
TOTAL
1)7,)98
U,852
100.0
4 ,207
1,512
) , 698
3. 4)7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
o. 7
4,8
7.5
2 .1
2.1
IM LE
Farmers (owner, and tenant&) and fam Ninao-rs
0,2
I. 7
). 7
6,3
1.7
Fam laborers
0.5
).I
3.8
4,6
0.)
0. 5
0.6
Agriculture
Fishing and forestry•
o.8
0.8
1.0
2.5
29.5
0,3
3). 7
0. 2
Brick a/Id atone fl8sons and ttle lay~rs
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.5
49. 2
0.7
o. 7
1.0
S..,lldi"9 contractors
0.5
0.2
0.7
Carpenters
2, 7
0. 7
5.1
0.9
13.5
Ores
0.6
0.6
2.0
Engineers htat lonary), cranewen. etc.
Fir... n (eiccept loconot•ve and fire depar-\nllf!ntJ
0.9
0. 7
0.2
0.6
2.1
I.)
0.8
Fo~"
0.6
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.2
Utreclion of l'lineral,c
Manufacturing and
hanlcal lndustrie.s
Bl.leers
BlacUl'liths, forg--,n, end hannemen
Boi le,...kers
ers, ~tresse.1. ard all liners
Electric lan1
nd
overseers (Nrw.,facturing}
o.,
24.5
4'.9
0.2
0.8
1.0
2. 4
5.6
1.0
Furnac. .n, ,..,.lterNn, heeters, end puddlers
Mlchlnlsts, nu11wr l;hu, toof'llll.l,.ers, a"Ct die setters
~ ra and officiah (Nl'UfacturingJ and Nnufac:turers
Mechanic-1 not otherwise specified
2.0
o.s
1.)
1.2
1.9
0.)
I.I
0.8
2.3
I .I
Painters, glu,ers . .,.._len, etc.
1,3
0.1
0.2
0,6
0.1
0.1
6.5
0.8
0.2
).I
0.2
I.I
Paper hangers
2,5
0.)
0.3
1.2
0.2
0. 6
0.1
Pluterers atld ,.,.nt finis.hers
Pluabers and gas and ,t.,. filters
Roofers and slaters
Shoalllekera and cobblers (not In factory)
Skilled workers in prlntlngd
Skilled -orkers l"IOt elsewhere classified•
Structural Iron 1110rtora
Tall ors Md tal loreues
Tl nSIII ths and copper.,_i ths
Operative,
Building Indus t ry
Chealcal and all led lndustrte.s'
Cigar and tobacco f.c:tories
Clay, g1a.u. and atone lndU$lries9
Clothing lndu1trle1"
Food nd al I ied lndu.strlu 1
o. 7
0,1
0.2
0,2
1.3
0. 2
0.2
0. 4
0,)
0.8
0.2
0.4
0.2
0. 2
0.2
o.s
0.1
0.1
0. )
0. 5
0. 1
0.1
0.1
1.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.9
o. 7
0.2
0. 1
o. 7
I.)
0.2
0.2
0.2
11 .6
0.5
1.8
0. 4
0 .9
2.7
0.2
0. 4
).7
0.6
0. 5
•.9
Iron and steel, nechlnery. etc, Industries-I
Metal Industries, e)ltePt Iron and st .. 111.
Luther industriu 1
1. 3
LJ.,,t!b,er and furn i ture induttrie.Paper, printing, and al 1 ied industries"
0.)
0. 2
0.3
1.3
o. 7
1.4
1.9
0. )
0.8
3,1
2.2
0,7
0. )
0.2
0.6
1.3
o.s
0.2
0.2
1.9
1.5
1.6
3 ,2
0, 3
10,4
10. 7
11.2
15.0
0.1
0.4
0.6
0.2
1.2
o. 7
0,3
0.2
2.6
0.2
0. 2
3,2
0.5
S,3
5. 7
0.5
TelCt Ila industrlea0
Other anufacturlng and not soeelfiecl industrie,P
laborers
Building. general, ard not soeclfled industries
Chenilcal nd al I ied industries'
Clay, glass, and stone lndu.stries9
Food and allied lndustries 1
Iron and stNI. •chinery, etc. industrle,.I
l.l.flCH!r aNJ furniture Industries•
Other 1M.nufacturi"9 lndustriesq
Transportat Ion and conniunlcat ion
0.1
0.1
o.8
0.2
o.,
I.I
0.2
1.5
Road and street transportation 1•. 0. I
Chauffeurs and trvck and tractor drivers
Oraren nd te1111Ster1
Gar ga labo,..rs
Laborers for truck. transfer. andub canpenies, and hostlers
Laborers, road and street
Railroad transportation , •• o. •
Baggalil ... "• freight agents, ticket &nd stat ion agents
Boller
hers and engine hostlers
Bralte,en (stNll rail road)
0,1
0.6
I.I
0.2
6.4
2.)
I.I
0.2
0.6
1. 9
21. 0
2.1
0. 7
I.I
0.6
0.2
6,8
0.)
0.5
0. 4
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
Digitized by
1.2
0.4
0.2
1.2
0,1
Water tf"llnsportat ion u.o. I
l.ongshorenen and st...,edores
Sailors, deckhe.nds. and boatr11en
6.7
Google
2.5
0.8
0. 2
0.6
APPENDIX C
ra.i.
169
1)-u•Ellf'L0Y[0 •0••E•5 o• REuEr YU 19)• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATI0•. RACE, uo 5[X, HO UL
GllMFUL •0. . ERS IO GE•£UL l'OPULATI0I 19)0 CLA551Fl[0 9T OCCUPATI0I,•
HOUS TOIi. TU l.S-Co• I I . . .d
CU\US
'"'°
0tC"""TIOlt
l""1,Cii0rt•t•Ofl
'-'-r
TOTAL
IMU
'llMI.E
*LE
FDMLE
CCIIIIIIUfl1cat•on (cont i "-«11
.,ln,itd traMCIOl'Ut i on 1 • . • • 1 (CCHll •!IU«IJ
~ t o n (st~ •fld 'llrNC ro.lrOlldtl Ind ~• con::hclort.
LocCl"l'Dl t ...
N(c.,t() ANO OfHUI
'IIMIT(
TOTAL
•"9 i ftll,erl
l.ocCJIIOt•..,. f1, .....
lloto,......,
S.itc'-tft. 11...,.,
0. 2
0. 2
0. 9
0. J
0.2
0. 1
~
o.,
,.,....,
C.:prn1, IDOSt. radio, telec,hone. ancr te lf-9''°"'
0.2
0. 2
I.I
0. 4
0. 5
0. )
0.l
0.J
0. 2
o. 7
o.,
1. 0
0.7
0. 5
),6
o.,
u . 0. 1
E•prn1 ~ • • • " ' ' " ' . . ....,.,,.,. al'ld rail•, N i l clerks
Mail carr ,er1
Telep~ aftd tel . . raoh I ,'"'91111ft
Tel.;r-tOl'I . .st•f'l9e"'
Tel1t9r1i,,,. IWld ra,1,o oc,ento.,
0. 1
0. 2
0. 2
0.1
0.2
0. 1
0. 2
0.2
T e l ~ ooerators
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
0. 2
1.9
Ot_,
transoortat ,ol'I ar,d tQllllllnicat ,on pursuits
For....., •nd owe,.,..,,
ln1p,orctort
l.lbor•rs
Propr,.-tors
and~,.,,.
0,7
0.4
O\f\er o«u01U 10,,s•
r.--
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.4
17. )
0.2
9. 5
eo-trc.,al tr0¥1!'1ert
Ori ••• ,,.-ctfl
0.6
0.6
0. 3
F'loo,...llal!'r'I, for.-ef'I , .,--, •t't'JO.Clort
0.2
._.,.,..;,,"'9 ~'"·
,....,,.nc.
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.4
0,3
0.J
0.5
0.6
0.3
0,5
0.1
12.0
0.)
10.0
t.O
2.2
0.4
Sfld ,.., Hlll4P •~nts , _..,,.,,_ and offic11l1
1.8
ttornJ
1.4
0.2
1.0
1.6
0.1
0. 2
0.)
),8
1.0
0. 7
2. l
o.,
7.1
4 .5
0.2
5.3
20.,
o. 1
0 ,4
o.,
2.8
1.9
0,4
0. 2
0.2
0.2
LAbo,..r1 I iric:ludrn p0rters in
-...s11o,s
ll'roor,etort (eJ1Cfft retal I dealers)'
llt't••' dllalen
5,a1.....,. #'Id 1,11 • ..,...,
Other pyr1~11u ; ,. trade"'
o.,
I.)
0,2
Ml it terviu
1.6
0.7
1.3
7.0
0,1
1.•
1. 2
0.)
eno • ~
A.rc"'•1Kll . oes,;riert, draftSl'ltft, ,,_, irwvet11Mt
Art i 11, , sc:ulotor, ,
t•«hers of 1rt
•"°
_,. ic,a"" and teacher1 or -.,,,c
fMChert
Tectw. iul ef'OitlHrt
fra i ned 11iUrMt
Other profets10t1el purtuits•
S.- i profK1 1o,w:I pursu, u•
lttlfldantt al'ld hel piers
Dmant ic and oer10M.I Nrvice
llr'Mf"s. "- i rdrHwrt, and -.nicuritU
Boerd,ng al"CI lodgin; ~ , . k.-pera
lloo1bleckl
Chet'WClllltn alld clMnltrt
(t~ator teNNrs
0.l
5.3
0.4
Profe11ionel yryice
Actor,
20.8
1.0
0. 1
0.3
0.1
0.4
1. 1
0. 1
0. 7
2.2
0.1
O.t
0. 2
0.2
1.4
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.1
0. 2
0.2
0,1
0.)
19.0
3-'-I
5.5
40. 7
12. 5
89.2
1.3
0.6
0.1
0. 1
0.7
0.)
1.,
2. 3
o.,
1.0
1.4
0.2
0 .1
I.I
0.3
0.1
0.2
0 .5
0.3
Mouwkeeoers and
0.5
0.5
0.7
o.,
I.I
0.5
0 .)
0.2
0, 9
2,8
2.8
I.I
0.2
2.1
5.2
1.1
0.9
2.1
0.8
Launor, aflld dry cl•ni"'J ow.r1. N11N9"rt. 8111d oc,erat l vH
Pbrt•rs (e11c:Ht in 'lloresl
Pract 1c.al nurws
o.,
.
,ery111nt1
7,7
1.6
•• ,,.r,
Other pur,uitt•
Clerical occiJOAt ions
col lKtors, and crl!!di t l'IIIIL!n
Booli~e~r•. cashiers, 111nd 'IICcnuntants
.,.ts,
I).,
0.8
3.1
Clerks not elMllftf're cl.\nif i~
1At1Nnger , errand, .and off ice boys and g i rl 1
6.•
Stanographen atld t)'pistt
2.8
,., ••••IH .... JU.
0.3
0.9
18. S
2. 0
0. 1
0.5
0.2
0.2
2.1
0 .5
0.)
) .3
0. J
5.3
0.7
1.,
1.0
2. 8
0.2
0. 5
o. 7
0.2
0.2
0. 1
0.2
l.aborwra
La""°9ret"I Md laundrnwt !not in laUftdryJ
o.,
0.2
0.1
,t.,..,d,
1.0
0.9
Hotel and rnt.aura11t kelll!c,ert and • ~ r s
Janitor, atld 1. . tons
0.2
I. 7
).6
0.2
1.0
0,9
0,4
18. 7
6.0
I.I
3,5
2.,
6. 0
1.,
9.7
2. 5
0.2
0.6
61.7
2.3
0,6
1.0
2.8
1.9
0. 2
Q. 7
0, 2
4,6
0.6
133066 0-37-13
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WOREBRS ON RBLI&F
170
Table 13-UNEWPLOYEO •ORKERS ON RELIEF WAY lt.)( CLASSIFIEO IY OCCUPATION, RACE, UD SU, AND ALL
GAINFUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL PO PU LAT I ON 1'30 CLASS I Fl EO BT OCCUPATION,•
I NOIUAPOLIS, INOIANA
RELIEF IS'l)4
OCCUf'ATION
WHITE
TOT,._
Total -.orl..ers re-porting:
Nul9ber
Percent
A-9rlc.ul ture
Farr.er-$ (owners and tctn111.nUJ and fam Ntllgera
Fam laborers
Fishing and forestry'
WALE
R:WU
t6<,4))
17,696
8,218
2,667
),962
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2,849
100,0
0.4
2.1
0.5
).B
1.0
2.8
0.)
1.2
0.2
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.2
'2.•
&kers
0,4
BlackSIIII ths, forgernen. and hatnemen
Bol ler"llll!lliters
&rick nd stone l'IIISons and tile layers
0. 2
0.2
0.)
0. 5
0.)
0.2
0.)
o. 7
Bui I ding contractors
FON.£
1.6
0.6
)6.3
EKtrectlon or mlneralsc
Manufactur ing and 1111chanical Industries
HE:CillO Al() OTt«lt
NA.LE
o.,
0,3
o. 7
0.5
0.2
57.)
0,4
o.,
1.0
1.2
;)0.2
0.5
o. 7
o. 7
0.6
46,0
0.2
1.6
0.)
Caf'l)enters
1.9
2.3
0.5
0.7
0.5
0.2
o.e
4. 7
Dress,,..1kers, H''ll'IIStrenes, and ,ail liners
0.4
0.5
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
0.6
o.,
0,9
0.2
2.6
1.6
1.9
0.6
0.2
2.2
1.4
0.3
4,0
1.2
1.6
)..0
5.9
0.2
1.1
1.4
1.1
0.4
1.0
0.2
2.5
0.1
0.6
1.2
0,6
0.2
0.2
0,1
1,0
0.)
0,2
0.6
1.)
2.0
),6
Electricians
Engl"Hrs (stationaryj, cra.net'.!en, etc.
rire-ren (e•etpt loconoth1e and flr. department)
ForlJWtl NW.1 oversNrs (runufacturing}
Fumace,,aen, 1n111l teraen, heaters, Md pUddlers
wa,chinlsu. mlllwright1, tool•kers, and die setters
lrHnagers Nw:f officials (nenufacturlngJ ~ Nnuf cturer1
Uech,in ics not otherwise specified
Peinten.. glaziers, ~lers, etc.
P per hangers
Plasterers and ce-nent finishers
Phnbers and ga.s and lte;)III r1 tters
Roofers and sl11ters
ShoeMkers ~no cobblers {not i n ractory)
Skilled 110ner1 In pr in t ingd
Sltllled -orkers no t elsewhere c:lasslfled4'
Structur&l Iron workers
Tailors 11nd tai loresses
Tl nsr.Iths A/Id copper1-,I ths
0.3
0.6
0.1
0. 1
. 0.4
0.1
5. 7
0.5
) .6
1.0
0,2
0.2
1,0
1.9
0.5
0.2
1.4
0,4
0.2
0.J
0.2
0.2
2.1
0. )
0.5
0.)
o.,
0.9
Ooert1tlves
Building lnrlustry
Chemical and al I led lndus tries 1
Cigar nd tobacco factories
Clot, glass, end stone lndustries9
0.4
0,)
0.1
0.)
0.2
0 .1
o. 7
0.6
Clnthing lndus triesh
1,)
1,1
1,0
Iron end stul, machinery, etc. lndustrie1J
Wt•l industries , except iron and stHI'
Letther lndus tr ies 1
2.0
0.1
0.1
l.J..Hrber and fornlture indu~t r ie:s•
Paper, printing, anti allied industr 1 e.s"
Text ile industries0
OtMr ff'ftnufacturing and not specified industriesP
o.,
1.4
2.,
0,4
0.5
2. 7
Food end allied lndustries 1
Laborers
Building, ge,noral, &nd not specified industries
Chtnical Md al I led lndus trl es'
Clay, glass, anc:1 stone industries9
Food nd .11 1led lndustrles 1
Iron and steel, machinery, etc: . ir,dust riesJ
Ltnber ar,d furnitwre industries•
Other ~nufacturlng industriesq
TrMsportat ion
nd COt!'l"'llnication
0.8
0.)
0.2
0.9
2.)
0.)
1 ,5
1.0
4,5
5,1
) .7
0.2
6.8
0.2
2.1
0.8
1.0
0,1
0.J
1.S
o.,
0.1
1.0
1.8
2.8
). 7
0.9
0.2
0.1
).9
2.9
0. )
1), I
1.6
O.)
1.6
2.6
).7
0.2
0.9
0.J
2.5
,.3
0.4
0.4
0.6
1, 2
1.9
0.2
1,1
1.9
2.,
0.3
1.2
2.0
0.9
0.8
0.)
).2
1.1
0.3
0.4
1.6
0.6
0. 7
8.9
11. 7
16.3
2.4
0.2
0,2
5.2
0. 2
0.J
0,4
0.2
7.4
0.4
1.6
0.6
4.1
18.4
Water transport,ltion 1•.0.1
Longshoremen and s tevetk>res
Sailors, deckhan.:ls, and boltrren
street transportation l!o.0 .1
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor driv"rs
Oray!Nl'n and teMSters
Ca rage I aborers
Laborers for truck. tran<1fer, and c3b cmpa,,ie,, l'lnd hostlers
Laborers, rOo'ld and street
Railroad transportation ra.o.,
Bagg.,gemen, freight agents , ticket no station gents
Boiler'Wuhers and erigine hostlers
Brakeraen (stun railroad)
Road and
0.1
0.J
0,2
1.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0 .5
Digitized by
1.,
o.,
0.1
1,0
Google
0.2
0.2
2,0
0.8
0.2
0.5
APPINDIX C
171
To~le 1)-UN[YPLOYEO WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 193' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO Sf.X, ANO ALL
GAINFUL WORK(R5 IN G[N[RAL PO PU LAT I ON 19)0 CLASS I rl [O BY OCCUPATION,•
IH0IANAP0LIS.
l'III0IAJtA-C0IISl•■ •d
C(...,.
19,0
TOTAL
CICC~ATIOII
T""9fPC)rtat ion and C(all.lnic.at ion (cor,t i nu«tJ
RailMilld 1ru,sc,ortatii,n 1s.o.1 tconti,,V'l"'dJ
Conducto,., 1,1.- and 1trwet r1i 1r-:>adsJ lftl't b..1.1 CondYClOf"I
For-.n •"-' o,irer,eer-a
L.aborer1
Locoaoti.,. --airwer,
-·-
L,ocoa,t iwe fi ,-..,
S.itc.....,., r l ~ , and .,,rdillltn
Ewprns, post, radio, t e l ~ . anrl tel~r4oh t•.o. 1
E•preH •'14"1ll, ••rrn, ..,.~,ioert, and r•il.., ,.ii cler\t
ltlil c:errler,
T•lltl)horwo tl'd tele,graph Ii......,
Telt9raph
TelP9r■ ph
,..,M~"'"
and rldio ope,.ator-a
Teleot,one openitors
Other lransporut iot1 and ca.ainicat iOl"I pursui ti
Fo,...... end owerSHra
ln1oector1
Laborers
,roprietors Md ,..,..,_,..,
Other occup.1tion1•
T,_
o.~
0.1
o. 7
o.,
0.2
o. 3
o.•
llfLl[F 19'4
TOTAL
.
0.1
1.5
0.2
0,1
0.2
0.)
..•-
NHAO .,_, OTNIII
. . ,T£
.....,
0.1
0.2
1.4
0.)
0.2
o.,
0.6
-
FO,,U
-
FIIML(
-
).5
-
--
~
-----
----
--
--
-
0.5
0.2
o. 7
-.,-
10.0
8.5
0.2
--
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.)
0.2
0.4
0.2
o.,
0.4
o.;
0.6
-
17.9
8.5
.
.....,
-
-
Acfvertili"9 ag.-ils
0.)
C:C.-.rci•I
1.2
0.4
0,2
I.II
0.2
1.,
0.2
0.4
10.9
0.1
0.4
1.4
0,4
0.6
I.I
0.2
1.0
1.,
1.5
O.f
o.;
7. 7
o.,
1.0
).3
0,4
1.8
).6
0.8
--9. 7
-
-
Mlle Nr;,ice
1.9
0.6
0.6
-
---0.2
-
1.4
0.2
Pfofr1tionel service
I. 7
0,1
0.1
1.9
0.1
0.2
2.1
o. 7
lctort and • ~
Architects, detigner-s. drdt...,.. •nd in'llat"lort
Art isu, sculptors, Ind tNCht>rs of Art
t1u1ieia,i1 and teacher, of flUsic
Tnc.he,..
7.8
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.4
I. 7
2,0
0.3
0.2
0,2
0.3
0.1
ht;hnical eng,neert
Trained nurS'II
Other proftttioMI purtults"
S..iprofess1on1I pursui 11•
Att....,.nU .end helpers
0.5
0.9
2.5
0.6
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
13.4
I.I
0.5
28.2
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.6
,,...,.,.,,...
0.1 iver,.,-n
Floo,_l.er,,
and !~tors
Insur~ Md real estale ife"U.
,o,..,.,..,
•nao•"•
1nd officials
.......,.
l.llboren lil"llflt.det porters ln stores)
,roprietors (ncept retatl deel•rsJ 1
huil dMle"'
s..1...,. Ind t a l ~
Other purauits In trade"
rbwtt ic end person11 N-rvlce
Berbart, haintriutert, and ,.nicu,-ists
BoaNJir"IO and lod9in9 t-ouH keeper-,
lootblaclo.t
Chu...,..n 4nd cl eariert
Elevator tenders
).5
.
0.2
0.2
Hott I 1"'1 rest ,ur111nt 11:~rs and ,_,..gert
11ouwlo.ettpers a.M ,u,.. ms
J-,-iton and , .. ton,
LAbor•r1
LaYfldentrt and 1aundr'HHt (not in laundry)
0.6
0. 7
1.2
(,,
0.6
Laundry ard dry cleaning own~ra. IIIIMaers. and oper11tivH
Jtortera l••ceot in storn}
Prac:t ,c.a.1 nurses
Servano
1.)
0.5
0.3
•.9
Waiters
I.I
•
Other pur,u i la•
CleriCJII occupat Ions
Agents, col lectnrs, Ind crlfdit ,wn
-k._ro, csshiers, and aecountanU
Clerii.e not eheahere classified
llnMni9t1r. errMd, and oHice boys and girls
Stenographers and typists
.........
,... ,
...
,. ,
13.3
0. 7
).I
6.0
0.2
3-3
-
-
0.6
.
-
-
o.;
0, 7
,.1
0.6
--
0.1
0.4
-
0.3
1.7
0.2
2.4
0.8
0,1
2.0
1.0
0.6
16.0
2.0
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.8
0.5
,.o
.
1.0
1.9
0.)
o.8
-
,.2
0.1
I.I
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0.1
-
--
0.3
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0.8
-
1.2
0.3
-
45.1
0.)
1.)
1.,
0.5
0.3
1.6
1.,
-
1.3
-
-
).4
-
0,2
3,5
0.4
-
0,5
0.5
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21.,
0.4
-
1.4
0.2
0.5
-
0.2
4.9
0.7
-
--
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0.5
-
o. 7
0.2
91.4
0,2
1.0
1.0
-
0.3
0.3
-
13,5
).2
20.5
7.6
1.2
4.1
0.2
6.4
1.2
0.2
69.5
2.2
11.B
o. 7
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.2
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-
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2.6
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URBAN WORIERS ON RBLIEF
17:2
Tobie 13-UNEMPLOYED •O~ERS ON REL,Ef MAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI
OCCI.PATION
AEl.l[F 1934
CENSUS
19]0
10TAL
TOTAi.
'IIIMITE
NEGRO AND OTHER
FEliilAlE
Total 1110rkers reporting:
Nt.nber
Percent
22,071
100.0
2,192
100.0
416
100.D
"9rlc11lture
Farnel"$ lo.wners ard tenants) ard fam •nagers
fa"" laborers
fishing and forestryb
1.6
6.4
5.9'
0.5
I.I
0.1
o.a
5.6
2.1
3.8
Extraction of •ineralsc
0.3
0.5
0.8
24.4
30.3
59.3
.....,.cturinQ and N11Chanical irdu&tries
0.3
81ackSffliths. forgenan, and hMnemen
8oilernre.kers
Brick and stone nasons and tile layers
Bui Iding contractors
0.5
0.5
Carpenters
OrH11111.kers, Halllltresses, and •111 iners
o. 7
2.5
4. 7
Electricians
Engineers (stationary), cranenen, etc.
r ire-en (except I ocomot ive and fire depart•nt I
0.6
0.3
0.4
1.4
0.6
0.6
I.I
Forenen ard oversers (manufacturing)
FurrecfJl'll8n, Sfflltltenren, heaters, and puddlers
Machinists, mi11wri"hls, tool1191kers, and die setters
0.4
0.5
0.4
1.3
o. 7
Marw.gers and oHiclals (NnufacturingJ and •nufectuf'9rs
Mechanics not other•ise specified
Painters, glaziers, .,._ten, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers. and c.,..nt finishers
PlUMbers and 9,5s and SlNAI fitt•rs
Roofers an1 slatera
Shoenll.hrs ard cobblers (not in factory}
Skilled aiorilen in pril'ltingd
Skilled woMlera not elsewhere cla11ifiecl 8
Structural iron workers
Tailors and tailoreases
Tinsniitha and copperSll'litha
Operat ivea
Building industry
Chaltlcal and allied iR:tuatries'
Cigar and tobacco factori•
Clay, glass, and store indUltrlnl
Clothing induatriesh
food and allied ind~trin 1
Iron and steel. machinery, etc. industrieeJ
Metal industries, except Iron and steel"'
leather il"dustr ies 1
L&llllber and furniture il"duatries•
Paper, printing, and allied industries"
Textile industries0
Other •nufacturing and not specified industriesP
Laborers
Building, geMra1, and not spec;.ifJed industries
Chemical and .-iill ied irdustries'
Clay, glass, and stone indU1tries9
food and allied induatrles 1
Iron and stnl, 1111Chinery, etc. irdustrinj
~ r and furni lure industries111
Other nanufacturing industriesq
Transporlat ion and COfllll.lnicat ion
0.1
0.1
1.0
0.2
1.8
0.2
0.9
1.0
2.3
0.4
0.1
1.2
1.2
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.4
D.3
•
IIU.LE
Rai I road transportation 1s.o.1
Baggag.,.n, freight agents, ticket ard stat ion agents
Bolter ••hers and engine hostlers
8raken9n {stea111 railroad}
4.8
0.3
4.5
0.9
25. 7
43.9
1.8
0.3
0.4
2.5
1.5
0.9
IS.I
4.8
8. 7
0.8
0.9
2. 7
D.6
3.4
0.9
2.5
1.2
1.5
0.3
8.8
0.4
0.9
4.6
D.8
0.2
0.9
0.1
0.4
1.2
D.4
3.3
0.6
0.3
0. 7
1.8
0,1
0. I
0.1
D.I
0.1
0.3
0.9
0.2
1.3
0.6
0.2
o.s
I. 7
0.4
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.1
1.0
2.1
2.8
0.5
3.4
•
o.s
2.9
0.9
0.4
0.4
0.2
2.0
8.8
0.3
0.3
D. 7
0.9
o. 7
o. 7
2.1
o. 7
7.0
1.2
0,4
2.3
D.3
1.4
1.9
0.9
3.9
6.0
9,1
10.6
11.8
2.2
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.4
2.9
0.6
5.5
0.8
6.1
2C.O
0.4
6.0
1.5
0.4
0.3
4.5
•
0.1
0.2
0.2
Digitized by
0.3
0.2
1.5
0.4
0.1
1.4
0.3
4. 7
#ater transportation 1s.0.1
longshoreraen and stevedores
Sal Ion, deckhands, and boatmen
Road and street transportation 11.0. J
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Draymen and teems ters
Garage laborers
Laborers for truck, transfer, arid cab coq>anies, and hostlers
laborers, road and str-eet
FBMLE
666
754
100.0 100.0
11.4
0.6
10.8
0.3
0.1
Bakers
D.I
296
100.D
0.6
Google
0.2
APPBNDIX C
173
, •• ,. u-uao,LOY[O •OHEtS 01 •EL•EF ""' 193' CUSSIFl[D IY occu,AT1oa, IAC[, AID SU, UD All
CAlllfUL •OHEtS II GENEUL l'O,uur,01 19)0 CLASSIFIED IY occu,ATIO■,•
JACKSON, IIISSISSIPPI-Coall ■■d
. ,.
Rn.ti,
Cl-WS
OCCI.PATIOII
19,0
10Ul
1UTAI.
NGA:) MD OTHO
•1T(
_,
flMAl.l
......
FEMALE
Tra,-o,ortatlOft and c~1cali0f'I (contil"lledJ
Jta,lr-ow.t tr1.rsport,it10,, ••••·• fconti~,
Conductors ltt•• •nd atrNt ra, I roed1J and bUI conducton
For..-, af'ld owersNr1
0,1
0,2
1.&1orer1
1.•
Locc,10tiwe •"OiftNr"I
O.J
0.2
0.1
l,oc:olat 1ve f i , ...n
IIIDto,-.n
o.•
S.,tc.Nleft. fl11g11119"- aid ,.,....,..
Eicprnt , IIIO•t. radio , telephone, and tel99,.apf, ,a. o. 1
hpren ~ t i , h.PfHI ...,. .. ,.,.. • .,w, rail•, • i i c1erka
11111.l c.arr,er•
Teleg.hc:l,lw and tele9ra,h I i....-.n
Telearapt-i .... 1enger1
Tele9rao~ arid radio operators
Ttltt:i~ operators
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
o.•
-
---
---
8.S
10. S
2).0
1.6
0.5
o.,-
0. 6
~I
-
0.1
0.1
-
0.1
o.8
F'or.-.,,i and ow-ersNrt
lnspecton
La.borers
0.2
0.2
0.1
Pr-o,rietors atd •ne~r•"
Other oc, ... , ion.•
0.1
Ot"9r traMc,ortation afld ca..,niution pwnwitl
o.•
,,_
~ r 1 i til"IQ
•nu
ec,...en:1al tra~eler1
0.1,,.,.,.,..,.
ro,...
11 • .,... ,,.o«tor1.
Floor•lller1.,
lnawranu and r•I Ht•l• •tents ,
~.,.
•nage,..,
anO official•
llncludn portu1 in ttOf"e'II
.... tio,1
,ropr ietor1 leM:apt retail dealers)'
'feted csealer'I
S.1.-n ard aalH.,...n
Other tu,..wit1 1n triaoe"
18. 7
0. 1
1.0
0.6
0.2
2.0
2.0
0.2
I.I
J.6
7. 7
0.2
-
0.1
I. 7
-
0.8
0.8
o.•
...
o. 7
-
\,J
.
-
o.•0.1
o.•-
I. 7
2.0
0.5
I. 7
l'roffttio,ial Mrwice
8.8
0.1
O.J
0.1
2.8
2.9
11,,i c ,.,.. •~ t..::hera of ,._,.,,
o.,
Techers
2.1
Tecl'tnical 1"9inten
p.e
Oltwr profeH iOl'AI purtuiu"
S.- ipr of"s iOftll pur1ui ts•
Att.-.nll •rid htlper1
0.9
2. 7
0.8
1.0
,,..,,_ ,_,,w,
°"'"'
. ""''·
,c and Ptr10nel Nr'Wl(I
toaird,-saers, end -.nicuri1u
l!o,,rd 11'19 and lodging t,ouM il.Npefl
lootblacks
Che,_.., and c1Nnen
C19Vator tender-a
~•I ud rnteurent kNP1rs and ~ r s
NDwMkeeoer1 and ,t . . rds
J.,.. i tors atm:I ... tons
~borers
Lawnderers arrt laundrHHI (not In l1undryJ
Laundrr and dr1 cleanil'IQ Oll'1'111fl, . . naoen. an:I ooerat lwH
Porten tucept In llOrH)
,,_tieal l"IJr'III
S.f"Yant1
- il1r1
Ot'-r pursuits•
Cltri~I OCC'-'O,ll iona
,&,gi.nu , col lectort , and credit •n
BooldaHoera, cashiers, and accountanta
Cl1r1t.1 not el.,.here cla111f,ed
. . . . . . ,. errand, and office bo11 a"1 9irh
Stenograplwra an:I t1pi1ts
......... ,.....
-
0.1
0.)
1.2
0.1
0.2
O.J
0.2
0.4
ZJ.5
1.0
o. 7
0.1
0.1
0.2
J7.9
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.5
0.5
•. 5
O.J
1.8
1.2
0. 5
10. '
..•
-
o.,
o. 7
11.5
o. 7
2. 4
O. I
0.9
0.9
).4
-
-
0.5
-
0.)
---
--
O.J
6.1
--
-
10.1
---
-
,0.6
..
1.8
-
-0.6
1.2
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0.)
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0.5
-2.1
0.J
2.,
o.•
2.5
:It.)
9. J
90.5
-o.,
-
o. 7
o. 7
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0.9
o.•
o.,
,
---
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9.)
2. ,
-
o.,
0.8
2.9
0. 7
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0.3
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2.1
). 7
0.2
).5
--
0.4
,. 7
-
-
- 0.,1.3
- --I. 7
22. )
•. 6
o.e
,-,.11c ..,..,ice
Actors and , ~
Arch,tect,. dn i9 ner1, draft ... n, and ifllt'f'fltors
Art iau. scul ptora, af'd teachers of art
0.1
---------
o.•
2. 7
o.•
o.,-
2. 7
) .J
o. 7
o. 7
-
-1.•
, .7
-1.•
-
) .)
2. 7
0. 9
11.•
4. 6
10. 8
o. 7
J.•
2.7
-
-
2.1
2.5
-
-
-
,.o-
-
-2.•
-- IJ.5--
-
1. 5
2.1
-
2. 7
0.6
-
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0. 5
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
n~ ■ [MPLOYEO
Tulo
WORKERS QJI RELIEF MAY 19'4 CUSSIFICO IY OCCUPATIOI, RAC[, AND SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS II GENERAL PDPUUTION 1930 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATIO■,•
JOPLIN, MISSOURI
Total worlc.ars reporting:
.
1950
TOTAL
.,..,.,
Percent
Agriculture
Faf'191n 10llf'nera and ten&nts) and fa,,. -.negera
fana l ■bot"•rs
Fishing and for
try•
Extr-ac.t Ion of 11ln.re1sc
M.anufect11ring and Nehanlcal INustriH
8akera
8lacUNlths, forg . .n. af'd hlWfflllmret1
Boller-alters
Brick and stone flC.sona and t I la laren
Bui Id Ing cont ractors
Carpenters
DretM11kar1, Mlnl5t rHIOS, and 11f 11 Intra
Electric lens
Engineers (slat lonftryf. crancnen. etc,
Flrtmtn (e.-cept loc.O'BOllve and ftrt dep&rtmtntJ
Forenn and 0taneera (IMllufacturlngJ
FurMCemen, Melttt"Nn, heaters, and Pl,Kkll1r1
Machinists, 11111wrlghts, toolll)Pera, and d le setters
Mana~er1 and off ic la ls (MntJfacturlngJ and 1Mnufac.t1.1rer1
Mechanics not otherwise specified
Painters, glaziers, tnanrelers, etc ,
Piper
h_,.
Pluttrer1 end Uffiltnt flnlahers
PlUfllbers end gas and steam f ittera
Roofers and , later,
Sho••••hrs and cobblers lno~ In factory)
Sldllld .. r1,ors In prlnt l"II
here cluslfiN•
Skll lld wor"'°rs not el
StructMral Iron workers
Tailor, and tailor11H1
T4n .. i ths a'\d copper111i th,
OperatiYH
Bui Iding Industry
Ch•ic.al and al I led lndustriest
Cigar and tobac.c;o factories
Cler, glus, end 1tone induslrlu'
Clothing indtntrles11
Food ano al I ied lnduatriu 1
Iron and steel, nachlnery, etc.
RELIEF 19,.
CENJUS
OC:Cu,ATIQIII
industrlesJ
W.tal industries, e.cept Iron end stHlk
Leather industrles 1
unber end furniture Industrias•
Paper, printing, and ellieo indu..ltrles"
Textl le lndustriu0
Other l'lllltlUfacturlng and not spec.If led indus tr ies'
_,.IT£
TOTA L
NS.AO MIO OTHER
MALE
FEMALE
"'LE
F"EMALE
13,216
100.0
1,9t)
100. 0
1,)74
100. 0
476
100.0
•8
100.0
45
100.0
1.,
5. 7
1.7
4.0
0.8
7.8
0. 4
2. 1
0.7
0.7
2.4
5. •
5.7
11.8
16. 7
)0. 5
0.6
0.)
0.1
0.2
0.4
39.5
0.4
0.6
<6 .1
0.5
0.8
0. 5
2.7
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.1
2.6
1. 7
0.5
1.6
0.5
3.6
0.8
0.2
0.9
1.8
2.7
0.3
1.2
0. 9
0.1
2.5
o.,
1. 7
1.2
0,1
3.3
1.5
0.2
0.2
0,5
0.1
2 .J
0.2
.
0. 2
0.6
0.8
o.,
0.2
0.2
o.e
0.5
0.1
.
0.2
0.1
.
.
0,1
0.8
0.1
0.1
o.8
0.1
-
0,1
-
0.1
o.,
o.4
-
0.1
2.2
0.7
o.,
2.1
-
2.1
-
-
2•.6
0.2
35 .4
-
-7.1
-0.2
-3.2
0.2
0.9
-0.1
0,1
0.2
0.1
1.0
-0.2
0.1
- 0.4
,.o0.1
0.1
0.1
7.4
-
-
2.1
-2.1
-
-
-
4 .I
-
2.1
---
1.1
0.6
0.2
1.0
0.1
1.9
0.8
0. 4
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
I. 7
1.0
0,3
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.9
1.4
0.4
0.1
0,1
0.9
0.4
1.4
-
•. 7
o.~
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.1
1.7
11.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
o.~
0.1
1.8
14.6
0.3
1.1
0.3
0.3
0.1
2,5
---
22 .9
8.9
9.9
1) .2
1. 5
10.4
-4 .2
-
0.6
o.,
-
1.7
-0.4
I. 7
-
---
laborers
~:~~~•.:":~~:~ ~nd::,.~~ified lncNstries
Clar. glass, and stone lndus triesll
Food ana allied lndust r les 1
Iron and stNI, •chlnery, etc. industrlesJ
UMlllber end furniture lndU1trres•
Other ffll.nufacturlng indu1tri•s q
Transportation and cO'lfflUt'llcatlon
Weter traJ'\$portat ton I• · o. 1
l.ongshC>r'8ftlen and st8"eaores
Sal Iors, dock hancts , and boetJw.n
O.J
-
-
-
-
Roaa and street transportation , •• o. 1
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor ar,vera
Ora)'Nft and te... ters
Garage I at>oren
LADorers for truck. transfer. and cao COIIP8nies , and hostler,
laborers. road and street
3.0
0. 2
0.3
0.1
0. 3
4.6
0.6
0.2
0.1
1.0
6.5
0.9
0.2
0.1
1.3
-----
Reil read traospiortat ion , •• o. 1
::,,ag..en, freight agents, ticket and stat ion egenll
er •lhera and engine hostlers
a..-, (ot..., ral I road)
0.2
0.1
0,3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
-
Digitized by
-
-
2. 1
-
--
2.1
,.1
-
Google
-
---
--
---
--
--------
---
-
---
---
APPENDIX C
175
Taalo IJ-U•EWPL0TC0 •oo•ERS 011 RELIEF WAY 1934 CLASSIFl[0 BY OCCUPATI0•, UC[, UD SEX, OD All
GAl•FUl •Olll[RS IO ,l.ERAL P0PULATI0• lil0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
JOPLIN• 111 SSOUR 1-Co11i I 11••d
,.,.
Clll$1JS
CICCUPAfl~
TO'l'AL.
,,..,,,ortat
'°"'
aftd
For..,,, .,-, ow•r1•r1
Ltooter1
l.ocCIIIIOt ............ ,.
Loe caaot , ve r , '91111ft
lllotoraen
S.,tcl'lllaft.
and 1•rt111et1
o.,
Uore&a • .-,. radio, telelllf\Clflll,and teleor•• 11.e.1
[.press agents, Hprna .,...,._,.,, and ,a,IHJ .. ,1 clerU
... , I ,.,, •• ,.
hlec,hane and teletr•llft 1,,.....
Tel119raP\ •uenlJllr•
Tel-.gragta and rad,o operatora
Telephone ~rato,1
OtMr 1rane,ortat10ft and
and_..,..,,
coawnic ■ t1on
and..,._.,..,
Aowert111"1 lllllfflll
Ctall'rc,al tr•elera
Dt I iwer,..,.
lllllnefe"'·
-....
1n
and offic1al1
1torNJ
,.,.oprietor1 teue,t rwtal I deeler,, 1
leut I Meiers
S.1-n and Ml...-.n
OU1i1r ,wrau1t1 in trade•
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.1
IIEGRO A•O OTHER
taec:her■
of .,.ic
1-.1,. hOUM
.._per■
Hotel ana t'Nta,rent ...,.,. Md
anager■
Hou........r1 Md lt...,..I
Jeniton Md . .tona
t..oorer1
~,.,. n • - -
IIIOI In laundr,J
Ullfndr1 Md •r1 clHn•"I ....n. an.gen, and operativff
ftotler■ lece,t in llOAI J
,ractical ,..,....
Servant a
•itef'I
o,...,. ,._,....1t1•
Clerical accupat iGN
Aeentl, col ltctOf'I. Md credit _,.
cullien, end accountenla
Clerk1 not .-1...,_rw cl . . ified
look.._,.,...
........,. • .,.,..,.,. Md office ~,1 Md 9irl1
"-._. tr,;,u
0,2
7.1
8.2
0.4
1.2
0.2
0.1
1.2
0.1
0.1
1.)
0.1
0.1
1. 7
o.,
0.1
1.1
5.)
,.,
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.1
0,5
lootolecU
C...,..__ and clNMn
EIft'at or t.encliln
o.,
0,3
0.8
0.7
2.1
Doleltic llftd ..,.....1 Mrvlce
•rlMn. t1a1n,r....,.., and aanicuriall
1.5
1.1
o.,
OtW ,..ofN1ic,1al ,ursultlw
S.i,rofNaional
At._ _ _ _ .. ,-,rau1u•
I..,.
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
20.8
0.1
1.,
Tecllnical 9flgift1Nr■
TraiNd nuran
o.,
0.1
o.,
0.5
o.,
o.,
&rclutecll. dni.,.rs. draft...,. and if'IW9f'ltort
An 1st 1. Kulptora, and teacher■ of art
o.,
0.2
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.2
8.3
Nt'Vtce
ec.roi,. .,-,
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
U.3
0.5
1c,.,. _ _
__
0.1
0.2
0.)
0.1
0.2
0.7
1.4
"-1 le Nrv Ice
,
0.3
o.,
FIGQt"aal&en. fo,.-n, Md 1MDK\or1
, ....., . . . Md , . . 1 .,.,. ag911ll,
.._.ic.ia•.,..
0.2
o.,
,,_
l.aNrera I inc hoes porlers
0.1
0,1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
,vrauit1
Propr,etora
Other occw•t•Ofl6•
,.,.tlf ... iOMI
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.2
11..,..,..
ln1P1C,tor1
l..Mtorer•
IIHITE
c,_.u,uc•t IOl'I lcont 1nuedl
lta,lroad 1,.,,,P'l,.t•t•::tfl '•·•· • lconti"ueoJ
C'.Olductor, lit•.. end street ,a, Ira.oil end hi conductors
for9119n
TO'l'AL
1'.I
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
o.8
,.o
0.1
o.,
1.1
,.8
0.1
0.1
0.6
0,2
0.)
0,1
0.1
1.4
1.1
0.5
1,3
o.,
4.t
1.3
11.7
2.4
).I
2.1
0.)
0.4
o.,
•
,.1
o.,
2.1
0.1
1.t
o.,
).0
0.5
o.a
Z.1
4.2
),6
0.2
•••
2.2
2,1
o.8
o.,
z.z
2.1
0.2
95.6
!!11.2
o.,
o.,
o.,
0.2
0.4
0.1
o.z
,.2
2.1
o.,
0.1
o.,
12.5
2.1
4.11
11.1
).8
10.,
0.1
0.8
o.e
0.2
0.l
5.5
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.l
0.5
O.l
-
10.4
1.6
o.,
0.8
0,7
0.1
0.4
1.2
I.II
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
10.,
0.2
2.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0,1
0.)
19.7
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.2
6.)
2.)
)11.2
,.1
1.5
•••
o.,
o.,
1.&
0.l
0.8
z.z
82.)
1.l
0.8
Z.5
, . , ,. . . . . . . . . . ,. NI.
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORIBRS ON RBLIBF
176
Table 1,-UNEM,lOYEO WOUERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION, RACE, AID SEX, HD All
1:AINFUl WORKERS IN GUUAl ,0,UUT I ON 19,0 CLASSIFIED 1Y OCCUPATION,•
UNSAS CITY, MISSOIJRI
RELi Ef 19}4
COISUS
OCOJ,ATI~
19.10
_.ITE
tor"-
~.;t
Total lfOrilers reporting:
19', 7)9
100.0
0.6
4gricu1ture
Fanaera (o-ners and tenants) and faM ,aen,agers
Fam laborers
0.2
0.4
Fishing tw\d rorestry•
Extraction of 111 l neralac
Mllnufacturing #Id nrechenical industries
.
0.5
1.5
Paper hangers
Plasterers W ,...,., finishers
Phnbera Ind ga.s Ind st ... fitter,
Roofers and slaters
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
9iOll"'likera and cobblers (not In factory)
0.2
0.9
0.9
0.1
o.,
Iron and stNI. •chinery, etc. inchtstrie.,J
Metal Industries, except Iron end st•I"
Leather industries 1
WIIOer and furniture lndustrleSPaoer. printing. and allied industriu"
Textile lnckl1trlesO
Other aenufacturing and not specified industries'
laborers
Building, general, end not specifltd Industries
Ch I cal and al I ied lndu1trles 1
Clay, glass, and stone lndus trlesl
Food and allied ln0Jstrles 1
Iron and steel, -.chinery, etc. industrinJ
WIiber and furn i ture lndustrlUOther -.nufacturing industrlesq
Tra,sportatlon Ind comunicatlon
3.5
1.3
0.4
1.1
2.4
0.5
0.)
1.2
0. 7
1.6
0.5
0.1
Painters. glaziers. en.elers, etc.
Operatives
&,1 lding lnci.lttf')'
Ch•ieal end allied lndustrles1
Cigar and tobacco factorlea
Clay. gins , end stone industrle5'
Clothing industrlu"
Food and allied incl,stries 1
2.0
0.5
1.4
0.4
6.6
0.8
1.8
1.9
Structure I iron workers
Tai lor1 and tel loresses
Tl nS11lths and copper911I ths
1.n2
100.0
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.9
Furnace,we,, ,-lteraen. heaters. and PUddlers
IAlchinista, •ill.rights, tool•kers, and d i• setters
Wana9er, and officlal1 (Nr'lUfacturlngJ and NnYfacturers
liAechanlc.s not othe,.. Jse 19Kiflld
Skilled worktra in prlntlngd
Ski 11ed worilers not else.here class I fled•
100.0
,.2
1.6
0.6
0.6
cwerseers (IW'M.lfacturlngl
100.0
1.4
Carpenters
and
2.121
51.5
o. 7
0.4
0.4
Fo,...,
2,156
I.I
ons and ti le layers
Brick and atone
Bui ldit19 contrKtors
Electric ians
Enginnrs (stationary). ,,...,...,, etc.
Fire,ien !except loc:01110tlve and flredepan.19t'nt)
F9Uil.E
5,817
100.0
,iu
0.4
0.4
0.1
I.I
0.5
8ol lerw11kers
Drnsnekers. Sffl'IStresses. Ind •l 11 lners
WM.E
11,816
100.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
Black,al ths, forg.-,. and h....e,,..,
F91M.E
26.4
o.,
Bakers
0.2
0.1
0.8
0.2
1.9
1.0
1.0
2.3
25. 7
44.6
0.2
1.9
I.I
0.2
0.1
1.6
0.)
0.7
0.3
0.3
,.1
2.0
4.7
1.0
0.5
1.2
1.4
0.9
0.1
I. 7
0.1
0.1
0.6
1.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.0
2.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
o.,
0.2
o.,
1.4
1.5
1.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
1.6
0.2
0.1
0.4
o.,
1.6
0.3
3.3
,.o
0.1
0.5
0.5
1.4
1.2
J.0
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.8
0.1
0.5
6. 7
6.5
0.1
0.2
1.3
0.6
0.1
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.9
9.6
II.I
U.8
2.,
4.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.7
6.6
0.2
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0.2
0.2
o.,
0.7
0. 7
1.6
0.8
7.8
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.4
0.1
2.0
0.4
o.,
0.3
o. 7
0. 7
0.6
2.3
2.9
0. 7
0.4
o.,
0.9
).9
o. 7
0.3
0.3
1.0
1.9
2.2
1.0
19.5
o.,
0. 7
0.4
2.9
o. 7
4.6
1.6
0. 7
1.0
18 .5
Water transportation I•·•· ,
Longshoreoien and steveoores
Sai I ors. deckhands, and boat_,
Road a,d
street transPOrtatlon I a.o.
I
ChB1Jffeurs and tn,ck and tractor dr i vers
Dra)'fflen and t...uters
Gara~ 1aborers
laborers for truck, transfer, endcllb c ~ l n , and hostlers
Labo reca. road and st reet
0.2
1.9
6.4
0.3
0.3
5. 0
Railroad transportation la,o.,
1in!'ho!~~~~ and station agents
~Y~e:"she~•~t 111
BrakMen (steM ral I rOlldJ
Digitized
2.8
1.0
2.5
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
a.1
0.2
o.,
NB.SI> ,t,N0 OTHER
WA.LE
1.0
0.5
JYGoogle
1.2
177
APPENDIX C
ra,i.
1'-Ul[M,LOY[O IIOAI[~ o• R[Ll[r MAY 193• CLASS!rl[O BY occu,u,01. RACE, ANO sex. ANO ALL
GAl ■ ruL IIOAl[R5
11 G(l(RAL l'OP!JLATIOI 1930 CL45Slr1EO BY OCCUPATION,•
l.,UISlS CITY, lflSS0Ulll-Co11tl11••4
11£L1£F Ilk
CBll5US
OCC\#'UIOI
'"'°
TOTAL
TOTAL
0.2
0. 2
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
1.3
0.2
0.t
0.3
0.5
o.,
TrwisoortatiClfl Ind c°""'n1co1t1on (continued)
lta,lroad tran1port1t10fl ••.o.l lcont1nued)
CO"ductors 1st ... ~ 1trNt ra, 1 road1J ~ bt.tl c0t'dl.lctor1
For.-.n a1d O't'erNefl
Laborer,
loc:c..ot,we
Locc..ot, . . ti,...,.
~•,,..n
llototalf\
S.,tcMa'I. f l ~ .
end
r•r-.n
o. I
0.3
o.,
1.2
•• 6
o••
0.1
0.1
o. 7
0.3
po1t, radio. tel-one, and telegraotl • •.o. 1
C..tf'ftS,
Exorna ~ents. exprn1 -s1•uaer1,
and
ra, 1• .,. • • I cle·rll•
••' carr,e,.,
Tel~on•
~
teleiQrsptl 1,,,....,.
hl~raoti IWIMn(Jt'fl
Teleqraoh ~ rac1,o operator,
Ta I eof'iON' operators
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.1
O.J
0,3
2.6
0th4tr t,..,sportat,on and CC111111,n1cat1on pur1u,u
Fo~
llf'<ll
ove,......,1
lnapectors
LM>orers
Proor,etora
~
...,...,.,,
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0. 7
o.•
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.3
10.5
i,.1
12. 7
0.8
1.6
0.1
0.7
1.0
occuoat, ans•
0.3
Adwert i sine ..-,its
C°""'9rc, 11 I t rave I .rs
20.8
0.3
1.0
0.5
0.3
Olhef'
Del,.,.,,...,.,
r100,..ll,ers, fo,-tllllel'I, •rid '"•P«"to,1
lnturwice and r•I ntate ~.,,ts, _,...ger1,
~
officials
Llborer1 I inclwdrl POrtert 1n llornJ
N•lbo,s
Propr1 et or's (except retai I deel.,.sJ 1
2.3
o.•
t.•
0.2
0.6
1.3
0.2
0.2
1.3
Retai 1 OHier,
S4le-, end , .. 1.,_,....
1.2
0,1
1.5
3.9
9.0
1.~
2 .6
Other our111i ts in t,'ld_.-
0. 7
0.9
11\,bl ic Nrvice
1.9
0.9
Profn1ionel wn,ice
8.0
Actors wad t h ~
0.3
Arct11tects, ~•qn•rs. dr.ft~ • .11nt1 1nv..,tor1
0.3
Artists, sculptors, 1nd t•11eh•r1 of ert
0.3
0.5
1.5
o.,
0.6
0.1
0.8
2. 7
0.2
0.6
o.,
0.2
0.2
o.•
15.9
1.2
0.6
27.5
6.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
O.t
0.2
Hotel and rntaurlf'lt lleepers and ~ • r s
0.8
HQ,,wfianpen and st.,.rds
J.ani tors and M•tons
0.3
0.2
laborers
0.6
1.3
0.1
l.-,nderera and laundrnNI (not In leundr,J
0.6
2.J
laundry 11'\d dry cle,ning oaner1, _...,,aqers, and ooerat ives
1.8
0,8
3.•
lll,1iciant end te«her1
Teachers
Ot ....,,.,
Tld'l"ical enQinNrl
Treined ,.,,vs
Other profetsion•I pursuits"
S..,profeu,on•I oursu1 t1•
Atllf\dMU and hel per1
Doaestic and persa,al Nrvice
Barbe"• h•i rdr@1ser,,
and
1111111nicuri su
loerd,nq •nd lodQing house keepers
8ootbl eeks
Chat'WOllln end c leenera
Elevator tenden
Porters (except In storH)
ftract, ca I nurses
Se,-,..an11
•iten
Other pursuits•
Clerical occupation,
l9f!"U, collectors, Wtd credit 'Wien
8ookli11te,pers, C-'IVl•ers, e,,d 11ccount.-,ts
Cler1t1 not •l,...,ere class1 fied
'-ss.,qer, errarid, and office bo,s and girls
Sten09raot,ers and typists
•
o.,
5.8
1.5
0.1
16.5
1.0
3,,
8.0
0.2
J.9
3.B
2.•
0.3
0.3
o. 7
,..
0.3
1.0
0.3
1.6
3.2
0.6
0. 7
0.3
o.•
o.•
0.3
o.•
0,1
2.6
0.•
1.3
0.3
0.•
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
1.3
0.3
0.7
0.3
0.5
0.2
I.I
0.8
1.0
2. 7
0.2
3.6
11.D
o.•
0.1
0.8
3,7
o.•
o.•
3.6
8.9
,S.6
0.6
1.0
18.5
0.7
0.3
0,3
9'.8
o.•
0.5
0.5
o.•
0.1
0.3
1.0
0.3
•• 6
13.5
1.6
I.I
0,1
•.s
O.•
1.6
11.•
•.o
0.8
0.5
15.6
3.2
16.9
2.3
0.6
9.1
6.3
1.0
67.9
1.2
•.5
16.9
1.3
0.8
5.6
C.I
1.2
3.0
0.2
I.I
2.6
0.1
0.8
3.3
0.2
0.1
•• 6
6.8
0.3
5.2
1.0
0.3
0.8
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
178
Tobi• 1)-UN[WPLOYED •OP.HRS ON RELIEF WAY 19)4 CLASSIF(ED IY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AND ALL
Gl I NFUL WORKERS IN G£JfERAL POPULlT I ON 19)0 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPlT ION,•
KE NOSH A, WI $CONS IM
RE1.1£F 191'
CENSUS
19)0
OC:"-l'AT l(N
fot•I worhrs re,po,.t i ng:
A,grict:l ture
Fanners (owners Md teMnts) and fin. tr\!lna;~rs
Farra laborers
Fishlnp and forestr~b
TOTAL
2 , 626
2, 19D
393
28
15
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0. 5
).6
,.2
0.1
0.1
o.,
O.G
o. 7
).0
0.3
2.1
) .5
2,5
58.6
64.l
70. 1
0. 3
0.3
0.3
0. 9
o.,
0 .8
0.2
1.1
0.5
0.7
0.1
Extraction of n1i'"'ra1,c
ltt\nuf&c.turing Md ~chanlcal inJustrie1
&ke,.s
81:tck"-'fliths, forger-rt,
Boilen,i,al..ers
lOTAL.
20 ,1)6
100,0
,net
o.e
~.n"lle~
Bric"- 'IM stone r,e;sons and ti le layers
Bui ldlr,g contractors
0.5
Carpenters
1.9
OresS1"111cers,
tres1es, Md ,.i 11 lners
Electr iciMs
[nginNrl (stationary}, cranewien. etc.
Firer,,e,n l"crpt loconGlive a:nd fire dep.artmentJ
0.2
0.6
0. 7
0.)
7.2
0. 2
1.•
0.5
(.8
0.1
0.7
1.1
0.1
0.1
O.•
o.s
1.9
0.3
o2.3
.,
5. 8
0. 8
1.,
fore-,en And ovf!rs~ers ("'8nufac.turingl
Fur-nac:ffllt'n, Sffll!I ternien, hNtera, Md puddlars
hinlsls, 111l1lwrlghlS, tOOllM.,er&, Md die sellers
I. 7
0. 1
ti,'.aMgers And off1ci1ls (11111nufacturing} and Pl'An!Jfacturers
1,3
lilechsn,cs t\Ol otherwise soec, fied
1.5
1.0
1. 2
2.,
•.1
4,9
1.2
0.8
1.(
1. 1
7.2
1. 7
2. 6
0.)
3,0
0,3
7, 1
0.2
0.6
0,1
0. 1
0.5
0.1
0,2
0.2
0,5
1.3
0.1
0.3
0,3
o.,
o.s
0.1
5.1
5.5
10.6
12.1
0,8
8.)
2. 7
0,8
9.(
2. 5
0.5
0.5
2.5
Painters, glaziers, enuelers , etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and ce,,ent finishers
Plurabers and gH and stem fl tters
Roofers .lnd slaters
,.8
.
0, )
0.6
o.,
0. 5
0.2
0.2
ShOOMkers Md cobblers lnot ln factory)
Skilled worlter1 in prlnting 6
Skilled ""0rlutrs no t e l se,i,her9 clas11fiec,e
Structural Iron 1110rkers
Tailors and talloresses
TlnMlths And coppersmiths
Oper1 t i¥H
Building indus t ry
Chetllcal and al I led industries'
Cigar aid tobacco factories
Clay. glass, and s t one indus trie,9
Clothing lndust rlesh
Food and al I illtd lndustries 1
Iron and steel. ,..'\Cttinery , etc. industriesJ
lndustrlH, except iron and stnllt.
Leather industl"les 1
LU"lber and furniture
Paper, printing, and al I led indus trin"
Textile industries0
Other Nnufxturing and not specified industriesP
litet•I
Industries•
Laborers
Building, g~ral, and not specl fied incluatr,es
Chenical and all led Industries'
Clay, glus, ,,w; ••one lndus triHO
Food antt al I ied lndustries1
Iron and steel, IMC.hinery , etc. industriesJ
L.unt,er and furn I ture indust ries•
Other r,w,nufacturing industriesq
Transportation and c°"""nication
0.1
0.1
•.8
0.4
0,8
2.•
1,)
5.6
,.o
3,0
1.9
0.1
0,2
,.,
10. 7
17,3
1.6
3.1
). 7
10. 7
0.)
o.•
1.•
10. 7
0,1
4. 7
5 .1
1.2
0.8
3.9
'· 7
•• 7
6. 7
7.5
0.9
0.8
35,7
Water treinsportatlon , •. 0.1
Longshoremen and stevedores
Sailors, deckhands, and boa tmen
Road and street transportat ion 1•• 0. •
Chauffeurs, truck and tractor drivers
Oraynen and teMiSters
Gara9P laborers
Laborers for truck, transfer, and cob c~les, and hostlers
Laborers, road and st rttt
1.9
2.9
3.•
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.0
1. 3
10. 7
0.1
0.2
Railroad trans~rtation , •• 0.1
tn:~~he;_;e!~te,,:r:'ho!!l~ w
station agents
Brak~n (ste!lrl rail ro&d)
Digitized by
Google
APPENDIX C
179
Ta-I• lJ-UICIIPLOYCD ■ 0HUS 01 REL•H WAY l934 CLASSIFIED 1Y OCCUPAIIOI, RACE, UO SEX, A•D ALL
GAllfUL ■ 0RIUS II ~E•ERAL POPULA~ICI 19)0 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPAT101,•
Kl NO SHA. WISCONS I •-co11 U
iui1<f
11£LIEF
ca...,.
OCCU,ATIOII
10,0
TOtAL
TrW11Portat,on and
Ccn1U"1cat1on
j ,..,.
,l,....,
llotor•n
n......-.
S.itc...,..
c.,,,n,.
-··
and ,.,,,.."
radio, t • I ~ . !:t'ld teh•gr11pfl 11.0,J
9Jrpr~H
•tt:t railMy "-,i I clerll.s
••w-r-.,•rs.
bpr•H • " ' ' •
....
, c.e,, ••,..
Tel•phonr
T•l99,.a,.,
Tele,grapti
Tele~
•"' , .. 1f"9rapti I i,_n
•"\.l!'n;en1
ano ,., io open.tors
operaton
,,,.op,
,_
•
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.•
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
o.•
0.J
.
.
•
.•
o.,
0.1
0.1
11.7
0.1
,,.__.,.,.
Mwert ising 1911nt1
eo-rc ial
-.......,.,.
FIOOA1ellier1, forei.n, eftd inspec1or1
IMYfaftU Md ,.., Ht.tte ...nh. •N91' .... •Ni off'lci•I•
(Incl . . . ,orter'9 I" llOf"ff)
.,.,,
T_lto,.
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.)
2.1
Techol,.I .,.,_,.
0.3
0.1
1.•
o.,
0,)
........,." aNI 11.._rdl
_,.
Janltora .,.. NXlonl
. . _ , . , . .... , _ _ _ (not
In leunit,.,J
l..llllfN!r, Md dry clNfll"IJ .,..,.., ._,...,... and operat 1¥H
l'Drt■ ra (ncept in 1tore1J
,,._tlcal ,..,.,
-·
.. 1,.,.
,.,..11.-
acc.,., lone
olfont• collectoni, Md crwdlt •"
........ ,.. caahl•n, ef'd acco-.ntent1
Clerlia ftOt . , _ . , . clu1ified
.........,. errW, and office boya end oirla
Olld t1plsls
St_,.,..,_
....................
7.0
0.7
0.2
•
0.1
0.1
MDte1 Md rnteurant ....,.r, and .. ~ , . .
3.8
0.2
)).1
10.7
100.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
-
2.5
o.,
-
0.2
-
5.8
15.8
-
e.o
Cho-Olldcl_,_
lie.tor ,.,_n
---
o.,-
0.8
1.0
-
1.,
o.,
o.,
2.3
0.2
0.1
o.•
o.,
0,2
0.2
0.3
0.1
o.,
8.8
0.2
0,1
0.1
o.e
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
o. 7
0. 7
0.1
o.z
2.3
0.5
0,2
0.5
0.1
o.e
,.2
0.)
1.6
5.8
0.1
1.,
0.1
0.2
-
1.8
0,2
0.1
-----
5.1
-
o.,-
-1.3
0.1
1.8
0.2
-
0.2
0.1
0.5
-
0.5
-
--
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.9
0.1
3.0
21.1
1.1
10.2
0.5
1.2
1.9
o.z
J.3
0.6
0.9
1.e
0.2
-
0.2
).9
..,
o.s
--
--
-
U.3
0.5
-
-
-
1.3
0. 7
0.1
1. 7
2.,
o.,
,,.of... ionel NNlce
Actor, aM 1Nllllan
-bloclts
7.2
--
-
,.z
1.,
Olilntlc 811d ......... Nf'ltlce
lllf'ler1, Mlnll,.....,.,, alld aenicurittl
ll•rtll"I lq;"I _,.,.
0.3
0.3
0.)
0.2
0,1
•
Mlle Nf'Vlce
pu,....1,.-
--
--
7.2
----------------
0.5
0.2
0,1
o.,
),9
Other ,rofe11ion1I ,unu1uw
S.-1,rofeHIOMI
littNdant t and helptra
G.1
-
-10.7
o.e
4.5
0.2
r,..,,_ nurw•
o.:
-
..... i"-·
--
o.e
S.leMaft8'1dN1....,.
Af'Ctiltecta. 6HIO .."· drafu. . ,., •Nt 1.....tors
Art l1U, eculp1or1, and tHC•rs of .,.,
. . lei•• Md INCMl'S of IIUSiC
-
0.6
0.1
1.0
0.5
Ottll-r pur ... it1 11'1 ,,....
-
O.l
0.7
,,._rletora l••cept Ntell ._,.,.,,,
Cler lcel
NEGAO AND OT~
'E.IML.£
0.1
0.2
o.•
0.1 ,,,.,,..,.
Olhor
"'Li
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.)
Oth9r traMpor1•t iOft '11'11:1 c~ieat lori pur1ui1,
f ~ and t:,Y~r"'Wel"I
lnep,ctors
Laoot"ers
letora and •nat•rr'
Olh•r oc:cup11t ions"
l.aeOt'ffl
-
(cont,"lllldJ
. . ilrNCt traft9c,ortat,on ••·•·• (r.on1 ,l"l>.lltdJ
Corductors lit . . . and 1trNt re, l ro1ich~ ans b"' cond•JCtorl
F'or-11 •M awer~rs
L,abor•rs
L,ocaaot i .... •n.1
t.occ,,otl'4
TOTAL
...
,
WHIT£
o. 7
-
-
1.8
1,3
-
-
-
-
J.I
J.8
,.,-
-
--
-
7.1
----
--
----
10. 7
--
-
-
--
--
20.0
--
1).3
-
-66.7
----
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
180
hbl• 13-UNEMPLOYEO OORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 19)4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, HO ALL
GAINFUL OORXERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1830 CLASSIFIED 9Y OCCUPATION,•
KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON
,.,.
RELIEF
,.,.
CENSUS
OCC!IATION
Total llfQrkers report Ing:
.
~
Pere.en\
Agriculture
rar,,ers (o«ners and tenants! and fan. •na11rs
Fann laborers
fishin~ and forestr1 11
[draction of 11ire,..1,c
10TAL
TOTAL
.....
4)1
100.0
100.0
6. 7
2. )
4.4
9.)
8.2
2.9
5. )
II. 7
)'2
0.5
0.6
40. 6
0. 2
1.2
48 . 5
Building contr.icton,
0.5
0. 2
0.6
0.)
CarP@nt@lrs
Dress.makers, seamstresses, and 111i11 iners
£.lectr1c1,1ns
Engineers (stationary), cra~n, ete.
Firemen (e.llCept 1oc01rot i •e and fire depart1t1ent)
4. 7
o. 7
0.2
1. ,
0.2
0.)
I.A
0.J
F'onenen and over5eers (manufacturing)
Furnace,l'IHI, 511'1C!lternien, ~&ters, and pu1dl•rs
Miachinists, tr.ill•rtghts, toolnekers, an:1 die ~tters
0.5
0.6
Wanufactwring snd i,echenic.1 industriH
&kers
RIACksmiths, for~r,en, and hel'lf'llerNn
Boi leM1akers
Bricli. and stone mttsons and tile layer&
1.7
Pa inters, ql.uiers. et\llllBlera. etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers ,and c~nt f inishe"
Phatbers ,1n(j gas aM steam fitters
Roofers ,1rd slaters
1. 6
2.0
1.4
o. 7
1.8
0.9
ShoerMkers and cobblers (not In factor,)
Ski I led .orkers in print inljl 0
Skilled 1110rkers not el,..here classified•
Structural iron .-orkt!'rs
Tailors and hi loresses
TinS11iths and copperSffliths
,..
laborers
Building, general, and not specified industries
Chemical and al 1 ied industries'
Clay, gins, anj stone industrin9
Food and al 1 ied industries 1
lrori and steel, 119chinery, etc. ifdustriesJ
l.inber arcl furniture industries•
Other •nufacturing industrinq
Transportation and tOl'll'll!Jnicat ion
'ffater tran~portation n.o, 1
Longshor-enen and stevedon,s
Sailors. deckhands. and boat,..n
Road ard street transportation 11. 0.1
Ch.luHeurs and true" and tractor drivers
Oray,nen and t-..stera
Garage laborers
Laborers for t ruclc , trans.fer. ard cab conipanies, and host I ers
laborers. road and street
Railroad transpertation 1s.0.1
Bogga-•. freight a9ents, t icliet and stat ion agents
Boiler .-ashers and engine hostlers
Brakaen (stea,11 railroad)
I
100.0
·-·
1
100.0
1.1
1.1
9.2
100.0
).4
2.0
Iron and steel, ~chintry, etc . industriesJ
Metal imustr in , except in:,n and steel•
Leather ind115trie5 1
~rand furnitut'9 indU5trin•
Paper, printing, ,1nd all lad industries"
Textile industries 0
Other Nnufacturing and not tpecifled industriesP
87
100.0
5. 7
1.6
Operati~s
Building industry
Chemical and allied industries'
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glass, and stone industriftl
Clothing industriesh
Food and allied industries 1
F9'\LE
0.)
1,5
1. 4
Man.,gers and off ic ia h !manufacturing) and •nufecturers
Wechanics not other•iH" spec i r ied
.....
NE"'° MD OTNEII
WHIT£
4.4
0.5
0,6
0.5
0.6
0.9
1.2
2.6
0.2
2.)
O.)
0.9
1.2
10.0
12.)
5.1
5.8
2.,
15.8
19.0
2.3
8.1 .
10.4
1.4
1.S
0.2
0.)
Digitized by
).5
-
100.0
100.0
Google
100.0
APPBNDIX C
, ••••
181
•0tl[IS o• l!ll[F ... , II)• CLOSlf l[D If 0CCUPAT 101, ••ct, llD SEX, AND ALL
CAllrnl 10Rl[l5 II G£•1Ul l'()PIJUTI0I 19)0 CUSSlfl[D I f OCCUPATION,•
1'-U ■ [YPL0l[0
ILi\lil&TH F'ILLS. 0~[G0I--CoUl11••d
R(LIIF
CEIISU$
,o,o
TOTAL
TOTAi.
_,
...
,
■(GAO
IIIUT(
fEwAL£
rre"'°'°rtat ,o,, end c~1cat10l'I fcOflt 1nuedl
-. ,1,041
15.o.1 lco,.t i ~ J
ANO OTNER
"'" •-E
,,a,"po,,,.,,,,,.
Co~ye_tors fllP.Jilllll
,1,d
1trMl r-111ro.-h) and but CO"':h,ctort
...
0.5
locOl'IOt •.,.
•,q. ,....,.,
lDCO"IDt , .,. f • r.-n
0. 5
0.9
0.6
I. 7
0.6
1.2
0.2
0.)
0.2
0.5
0.)
lt>to,-..n
S.• tc~. rla,-.ri. 611d , . . , ~
[llpritH, DOS,t, t~•O, titlf'p"c,ne-, ard t~lp~rapfl 11 . 0. I
(.,orH, .1~11 . e1prn1 _.., • • ,, •• ,., ra, I•, ,. , I c larii1
Ill, I carr ;.,,
T11lap"'one arw:11 tel~rap,t- I,,...,.
Tela1ra.ph . . , ~ ~ , ,
tel 119'•".., aM r .111 ,o opeorator1
felap~ operator,
2. 3
'°"
Ot~r tr~n1,portat
•"'1 c~n•c•t ,on pur11,11U
Fo,_" and over~""'
0.2
O.)
LAt.orer1
Pre or ,eto" ard ... ,.a,,,1'
0.1
o.~
Otlil,fr OC'CwPll ,ons•
0.7
0.9
5.8
•• 7
0.5
0,6
0.7
0. 7
J. 7
o. 7
0.9
2.6
O.J
~lie aerwice
0.2
0,J
Prof . .110f\ll Mh'IC•
1.9
1.2
lf'IIOit<tOf"t
,,_
J•"''
.,.,.,., ,, , ng ...
C.0,.-.r( ,1I tra,..eler-a
1_,.,,._
Otl
Floo, .. hert, forflft!Pft, afrl lf'ISl)l(.tors
10.J
INi-1o1raric.a al'ld , .. 1 utaLe ag,,nU, -.ne~r• . •"Ct oHiciah
UIM,..,s f,rclwdn porters in 1tort'sJ
11r-,.bo,1
Pr0pr,etor1 f.,.cept ret•il 1Nl•r1olt
IIP'T-"t I 1•al•r1o
S,.l•Sl'lll'fl •nd a . a l n ~
Ot•r pursu, h ,n tr-,."'
0.)
8.0
2.3
•.6
Actor, aM ,..,_,.
&rchitect1 , .:M1,,q,...r1,, dr4,fh_,., and inve-ntors
&rt,1t1. 1culotor1, &lid te,te ►,ers of art
Ill.ts ,c , 1n1 •nd teechera of -.,, ,c
r.. cher1
2. J
0.5
T«hfhC•I .,._, 1""rt
Trained ,_,,~,,,
Otlwr pr of en ional :,ursu,ts•
S.-1oro fe,\1ona l P,o.Jr1ui t 1•
0. 7
0.2
0.5
0.6
0. )
D.)
1.2
16.2
J.A
65 . 6
Flart>er1, l'\a1rdr.s1ers, 'Ind •nicurisU
flo'lrd,ntJ and 1009,119 kouse linpers
Aoolbl111clls
Che,...,._n and clNl"9F"I
0.5
O.J
I.I
£1ewator t•nde'1
0.2
At tef'ld•nt I ard hel pert
~ t i c •l'ld ~rt.o""'l Mn-ice
Hotf'I 1ftd rMhur1nt llttr:N!rt ard
I.I
1.1
lllan.l(Jerl
Hovwlt.•oen aM ,,.,.,1,
LAt>or•rs
LIYl'ldrerers and l1i,,ndresu1 (not in l aundry)
La~rr •nd dry clHl'l•f"IQ ~ r s , Nna~r•. and ~rati~•
Porter, l••cept .,, 1tore1I
Pracl ,cal m,n..s
•1 i ters
Other pursuits•
Cler ical oc::cu0,atio,.
•"ti,
collector,, slld credit n<e"
loo,6ilar,e-pe~. cn~iers, "nd acco-.,ntanU
Cleri11 l'IOt else•here clu\1f1~
. . . . . . r , e,rraM, 8n:I off,ce bof!I. 1r-d 'ilirls
Stl'f'I09taPher'I and typists
0.2
0.2
O.J
O.J
2. 1
0.6
8.1
1.9
A.5
2.6
2.)
9.2
JJ.•
12. 7
-
J,0
2.0
6.9
1.2
I.I
0.9
I.I
2. 3
I. I
0. 7
.
J. 5
, ~ ,. . . . . . . . . . . . HI.
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
182
T1bl1 l}-UN(YPLOYED •ORKlRS ON RELIEF WAY ltl• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOII, RACE, UO SU, ANO ALL
CAINFUL WORKERS IN GENEUl POPULATIOII 1930 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATIOII,•
LAKE CHARLES, LOU I SI ANA
RELIEF 19 } •
CO<SUS
OCCJf'AT ION
19,0
TOTAi.
961
Tou1 .od,er1 reporting ;
Agr,culture
farmers (a.ners
lt'Ct
tenanul
TOTAL
and ,.,.,. 11111nager-1
100.0
2)5
100.0
"
100.0
50l
100.0
U6
100.0
J5.7
15.7
18.)
l8.)
•
•
20. 4
1.7
1.7
-
o.,
o.,
•.5
•6.6
2.,
-
0.2
0.5
-
0.2
Fam laborers
F'lshinq tnd foreatr1b
0.5
Extract ion of 111iner•I ,c
o.,
o.,
)5.2
41 .2
0.8
0.9
lrilanufactur i,--. Yid ffl«hantcal Industries
o.,
Bliloers
0.2
0.1
61acl..5"1itha, forge"len, and haMe,....n
8ol lennaker1
Brick and stone •sons end tile ley•rs
Bui ldlrt9 contractors
I .)
O.?
o.,
o.,
'°·'
3.1
9 .0
0.2
0.4
0.6
1.2
2.)
1.8
-
Electrlclw,1
Engineers (1UtionaryJ. crM9'1en, etc.
flr9Mef'\ (except loc°""°tl"'e and fire depart~tJ
1.7
1.7
-
o.,
I.)
o.,
o.,
•
fof"e"l"en
0.8
0.1
0.6
2.1
o.,
0.6
1, 7
o.,
0.9
0.1
9.2
2.6
0.6
Caroentera
Dre~era, searastrrsses, and •i 11 iner-1
rd overseers ll'IIM!.lfectur-ingJ
Furnacera,en, 11111elte,...,, huters , and Pllddlers
Yachlnists, •lll'ffi9hts, tool
era, and die
er-1 and off icials (Nf'IUfac tur i ngJ end
Mec.!\anlc1 not othe,...ise soeclfled
lters
ufacturcn
Paint.era, glaziers, enM1ehr-s, etc.
Per,er hengtrs
Plesterers and cellef'lt f inishers
Plum.t>en and gu and ste
Otters
Roofers and slaters
Shoemalien nd cobblers lnot ir, factory)
5'tilltd 11110rkeir1 In prln1,ngd
Skilled workers not else-here cla.sslflect•
0.6
1.8
o.,
0. 2
o.,
o.,
0 .1
1. 0
0. 4
1.)
o.,
0.6
Structural I ron workors
Tai Iors end tal loresses
Tir,,-iths and CO()pe r S'llths
Operat Ives
~lld,ng lndustry
O,enilcal mnd al I itd lncwstrles'
Cigar and tobacco f.ctorles
Cl 1, gl ss. and atone lndustries11
Clothln; Industries"
Food end al I led i ndust rl11 1
0.2
0.1
Iron and ltHI. -ac;hlnery, etc. industrleaJ
Metal industries, except Iron M.i 1totl ll
LAatMlr lndustr1H 1
WIiber end furniture ln.111strlUPeper, print Ing, W al I led l l'ldustrletl'I
Tt•tl1e lndu1trlHo
Other ,unufacturlng and not specified lrtdu1trie.sP
1.3
1.7
0.)
0.4
0.4
2.8
2.1
•· I
0.6
o.,
1.0
6.9
9.•
Laborers
&iilding. general. e,,d not specified industries
Olcnilcal and allled lndustr les 1
C'3y, gl _,s, an., stone Industr i es•
foo:t atrd a11 1ed lndustric, 1
Iron ar'Ct 1te 1. NChinory. etc. lndustriesJ
6.8
0.6
~ r a,'Ct furniture Indus tries•
6. 7
ortallon and comiunlcation
tar transport at ICY.\ 1•.o. 1
Longshoreaen .,d stwedores
Sai lor.s, deckhands. and boat,-,,,
Road end 5treet transportation 11 . 0. 1
Cha,Heura and ruclt and tractor drivers
Drar-en 8"d tetn.sters
r-,e laborer•
l.llborors for truclt, trensfe r. a."ld c~ ccr-.oanlts. and hostlen
Laborers. road at'd street
Railroad transportat ion 11.0.1
Baggag
n, freight
enta, t · ck•t and
Boller tM!>hers ano1 eng ine hostlers
Br --" (st1 reilroa:t)
2.5
o.,
I.I
Other "'8ffl.lfacturlng lndustrlesq
Tran
1.1
o.,
o.,
,.
12.2
16.2
0.9
0.)
0.9
J. )
).4
5.1
0.2
0.4
2.2
1.6
,.,
0.8
11 . 0
2.2
15.7
1.,
4. 1
o.,
1.0
2.1
2.6
2.9
0.)
0.9
0. 4
talion ~enu
Digitized by
0.6
0.8
1.8
Google
0.6
APPENDIX C
T ■ III•
183
J}-UN[llfPLOY~O •ti.iJE-iS Ok R[LIH 1uv l i } ' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPAilOII. RAC[. A.ND SEX,
ANO All
C41•~tJL •OUlrtS IN C.U•LRAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
LU[ CHARL[S,
LOUISIANA-CoUU• ■ d
A(LJEJ'
occ1.1,u
CENSlt5
'°"
t9~0
TOTAi.
rou.1.
,.,.
attTE
1111.ll(
NEGRO ANO OfHEA
HIIUolE
WALE
FEMAlE
Tr9l"t'lpor1ation..., ca-iunication (cont1""9dl
Rt,ilr~ tra,,Al)OrtatiO" u.0.1
"°"4...c:torl t ,, • .,.
"Ind
lcc,r,ti~J
It rwt ra, I r-oa:t1J
8l'ld
o-u, conductors
for...-. aid owerNer1
Lllborers
lot~t ;.,• ~i"-Cr•
l.Dcomt•w• ftr...Yolo,._...
S.1tc,....,.,
"-·
[I:"""'· .....
Ind
y ■ Nl'W'I
rldio, telec,NMW. 11'.t tel99rapl'I 11.0. 1
Expreu aqent •• eJ1preH -.sMnger,. and ra, I.. , -..i I clerlil1
Ma, I carriers
r.,1~ ard tel49raptt I 1,......,.
TelegrW ....,Wl"f9-9rl
T~leQr..,,, Ind radio OOf'rttort.
Tele,oh,o,,la operato,-,
Otl'ler tr..,sportat ion a,'ld c ~ l c a t ic,,t pur1Ui lt
F°l'>f'..-n and owertN:r1
lt11P1Ctor1
LIIDOrer1
Proprietors
~
..,._,.,.,.
Ottwr occupet ion••
r,_
0.1
0.3
2.3
o.•
o.,
0.2
o.•
0.2
0.2
o.•
0.2
0.1
o.•
o.•
1.)
0.1
o.,
0.9
0.3
0.1
o.•
6.0
11.1
0.)
1.1
0.1
0.9
3. 7
0.8
1.3
0.2
9.1
~-5
~isi"9-.,..,-t1
eo-.rcial
Dtl ,,,.,.,._.Jfl
t,.,.,..,..
floo,wal1i.ers. foAIIWfl. afld in90ec.tor1
l"turanc.• Ind ,.. ., nute aeenu, ~-...,., • ..ct officials
La,or•rs OncludH POn•r• in 1torHI
-,,
Proo,r1etor1 ( b e • reteil dHler1)'
llltail oeel..-.
s-1.....,.a,1:1u1.......,.
Other pursuits i11
tr.,_.
o.~
1.4
0.1
0.1
0.5
1.9
o.•
o.,
o.•
o.,
0.6
2.5
o.•
o.•
2.1
6.1
'-"lie NNice
1.0
3-•
Profnaional wrwice
1.2
0.1
1.J
Actors a n d ~
0.2
2.0
9.1
o.•
~-9
0.6
~-9
0.6
o.•
ArchitKU, dnigner1. draft-.f'I, lno1 i nventor1
Artist,. tculptors, and l•achert of art
..,,icians and tHchtrt of ,..,,ic
0.9
THcher1
Teth"ical _..i,,..r1
Tr11ined "urwt
Ot"i4r prof~UiOl'IAI pursuitlw
S.,.iprof•HiO"al pvrault1•
<endenU _., hel pert
0.:..-ttic afld perM»NI Mnt•c•
Sart,,.rs, "iei ni'"Mwrt, end 1118" 1 cur'ist1
8aardlng -Wld IMlj)INJ houw .,,npers
Boot bl IC~S
O l a ~ and cleaner,
[le,,ator t.nders
tlott"I It'd
,..,,..,,ant
0.2
0 1
2,.9
2.1
o.1
0.2
0.1
29.6
10.6
95.1
i.J
0.6
o.,
0.4
0.8
o.•
1.1
0.9
•.6
0.1
I. I
11.•
l,.ffpers ~ "'111'\llgers
Houwkeepers and stewards
Janitors and aexton1
lAbor~rt
l..-.ln<»rers .,_, !.,nd,nses (not in l~ndry)
Laundry lftd dry cle111.nir19 o-ners. M81"t.tge,.,, an:, operat ivH
Porters IPCll!Ol In stores)
Prati cal """""
Servants
.. itpr1
0.7
0.7
0.3
1'.6
o. 7
1.8
1.8
0.6
25.0
1.2
1.3
0.5
•. 5
9. I
2.3
o.,
3-3
0.6
0.6
66.9
0.8
Other pursui u•
Cleriul occupations
Aoe-nh, collector1, and ~r@'dit ...-.,n
Booli:l,.ftpers, cashiers, and account ent s
Clerks not else-at,,ore clanified
llnMnlJ•r. errand, and office boyl Ind girl1
Sl.ttfle:IIJl"-.,her1 end typists
,.,
........... ,. ....
).0
,.1
,o.9
0.1
0.5
2.2
2.1
4.5
1.8
O.•
)6.1
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Tabla 13-UNEMPLOYEO •OUERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPlTION, RACE. ANO SEX, AIO All
GAINFUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
LAKELAND, FLOR I OA
RELIEF 1954
CENSUS
OCcuP' AT I ON
19,0
TOTAL
Total aorkers reporting:
Agr i cul ti,re
Fa,-n lcwrwrs and tenants) and rana •navers
Fam laborers
TOTAL
• 1TE
MALE
NElifl) MD OTHER
FEW.LE
MALE
432
562
284
100.0
100.0
100.0
20.2
30.6
9.8
24,5
4. 7
11.•
0,3
1,4
0.4
15.5
19.2
9.5
-
23.1
1,9
1.8
-
40.5
27.6
1.0
1,4
Eictract ion of miner•lsc
0,8
0.9
30,0
0,1
40,3
0.2
Rlackstaiths. forgi!fflltn. and hemiel"ll9n
Boi lernakl!rs
Brick and stone nesons and ti1e layers
Ruilding contractors
0,2
0.5
0.3
0.4
0,9
0.2
Carpenters
4.2
1.2
0.4
10. 7
1.2
Bakers
Dren11111kcr1, seanelreue1, and •i 11 iners
Electricians
Engineers (stationary!, cnu,emen, etc.
firemen lew.cept loconotive and fire depert•ntJ
0,3
1.5
I.I
o. 7
0,2
D. 7
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.6
1,6
0.1
1.4
0,3
3,5
0.2
Painters, glaziers, enan11t1trs, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and cenent finisNrs
Phl'llber• and gas 11nd steam fitters
Roofers and slaters
2.4
5.9
0.9
0.9
0.5
1.2
0,9
0.5
Operativn
Building industry
Chaiical ard all led lndustriH'
Cigar ard tobacco factories
Clay, glass, and 1tone i nctuatries9
Clothing industries 11
food and allied industrin 1
0.1
0,1
0,1
0.1
Iron and stHI, "8chlrery, etc. industriesJ
letal industrin, except iron and 1tNlk
Leathlr industries 1
Ll.llllber and furniture industries•
Paper, printing, and allied industries,.
Text I le industries 0
Other •nufocturing and not 1HClfied industries'
laborers
Building, general. and not apec;ified lnduatrlN
Chemic.ii and allied industries'
Clay, glass, and stone industr'i•I
foud and allied industries 1
Iron ard steel, l'IIIChinery, ate. industriesJ
L.nber and furniture induatries•
Other nanufacturing industrie&q
Transportation and connunie&tion
Water transportation 1s.o.J
Longshorenen and stevedores
Sailors, deckhands, and boatmen
Road and street transportation •.o.J
Chauff~rs and truck and tractor drivers
Dra)'l"en and lNmsters
Garage laborers
Laborers for truck, transfer, ard cab CORIPl,nies, 11.nd hostler,
La.borers, roed and street
1.2
0,4
0,1
0.1
0,1
I.I
1,1
1.4
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0,5
0.2
6,7
2.3
0.1
0.9
1.0
31.0
0,5
0.5
1.8
0.5
0,4
2.1
0.8
1.6
0.9
3.8
2.0
11.6
0,2
0,5
0.2
0,4
o. 7
1.4
0.9
II.I
13,5
2.3
20.6
0.4
0,5
1,2
1.7
6.6
,.2
0,3
0.2
0,9
1,5
0.9
a.,
lifa i I road t ransporta t ion la.
Baggage,ran, fre Ight agents, ticket ard stat ion •titnls
Boiler was~rs and engine hostlers
Brakeften (stHII rail road)
0.1
0,1
0,8
Digitized by
1.5
0. 7
0,1
0.8
0.5
2.2
1.6
For.,..n and overseers 1,,.nufacturing)
Furnac..,.n, smeltermen, heaters, and puddlen
lachinists, millwrights, tool1111k1rs, and die setters
Mlnagers and officials lllllnufacturing) and nanufactllrers
lillchanics not oti.rwise specified
Shoealkers and cobblers lnot in factory,
Ski11ed ,rorkers in prlntingd
Skilled aorkers n:,t elsewhere clusifie::1•
Struct11ra1 Iron •orkers
Tailon and tailoresaes
Ti,.,.lth1 and copper1111ilh1
289
100,0 100.0
F i1h ing and forestry•
Manufacturing and 1119Chanica1 lndustt-ies
FBIALE
1,5'7
0,2
0.5
Google
0.2
0.2
2.3
0.4
APPENDIX C
185
Tatla 1)-U•EIIPl0YED •ORKERS O• RELIEF IIAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIO•, RACE, OD SEX, ANO All
GlllfUl IORKERS IN GE•EUL P0PULlTI0• 1930 Cll5SIFIED BY 0CCUPATIO•.•
LAKELAND, rL0RIDA-CoUt,a•1d
AHIEF 10'4
,.,.
C[lll$U5
IXC~ATIO■
TOTAL
•in
TOTAl
MALE
...,.
•EGM> •ND OTHER
FEIMLE
FEMALE
Transportat10fl •ncl COIJIIIUl'l•cat1on fcontint.Me'd)
Railro.ct transport•tion 1.. 0.1 lcOl't1~J
Conductors I\I~• 'l"-i ttrNt ra, I rmctsJ ar-d but corductors
Forenen 1nd OYer~rs
0.2
o. 7
Labor1rs
1.5
0. J
0.9
0.5
0. 7
0.5
4.6
LocO'll()t iitt eNjlil"IPer1,
L..oco,iioti11•'·'~
0.8
1.2
1.,
0.1
0.1
0.2
o.•
2.6
lllo!or•n
S.,tc"-n. fl1ren. al'lt yu-...n
(apn!~S, post, rad,o, t•lepkonfo, aM telegraph ••.o.l
£.11pr@>S.S a~nl1,, ••Prtu 111n~ngars, and ra, 1•11 l'llli I clerks
"'ii carriers
Telephone ar-d teleli)raph I 1nefflffl
Tl!l~r_.o,t-i flllP•uenq~rs
Telegrapti al"d rad,o ~r.tors
o.•
0.)
Telephone ~r•tors
0th.tr transi,ortation -1r-d CCJ111JL,n1cation pursuits
rorll!"ll!'n and 01terseers
IMPl!ctors
1.•
0.1
0.1
Q,2
0.2
0.)
0.5
0.3
B.O
0.1
0.1
I.I
0.1
a.•
19.•
LA borers
Proprietors !ind lfltr'fG~rs"
01~r occup.at •<>"s•
Tr•j•
Aove-rt 11 i ""9 "lgenh
Vl"ffll!rc1al travele,.,
~1,wer,-,..n
Floor•alliter,, for....-n.
...,
ir,spector,
l~1o1ra1"1Ce and rs•l estate ,gents, •M~rs. "nd officials
Labor•rs (,ncludet porters in 1tore1J
-"""
Pr-opr ,,.1or1 I except retai I dealerslt
D.2
0.2
I.I
5.1
2.8
0.•
o. 2
0.2
0.8
I.I
o.,
0.7
1.4
o. 7
1.5
2. 7
2.1
2. 7
o. 7
o. 7
1.,
Actors and 1to.,!wn
2.1
D.I
o.,
Architects, des1 l'-''• draft~n. and i rwentors
Art i'lts., ,culptors, am te« ~rs of art
Wu,1c,ans and t•ac..,tors of "'-ls,c
Teachers
0.1
0.1
0.8
0. 2
0.)
2.4
o.,
0.2
1.8
0.6
O.)
0.4
I. 7
24.9
0.)
1.,
20.1
15.0
0.J
o.,
0.5
lleta, I 1e.1I ers
S" l p1"1!!n •rod u I e,_,...,,
Other pvrsu, ts '" trade"
Pvbl
,c wrw,ce
Prof tu i anal 1erwice
Techrucal eng inecrs
Trained nurses
0Hlftr cirofusional puraui u"
Seflllprofessional pur1oui
Attendants and helper a
1.4
Barbera, ha,dressers, and 'll,llnicurists
0.5
5.)
1.9
o. 7
0.2
o. 7
0.2
1.6
0.)
ts•
Do,!est ic and per101'1ill aen,ic•
o. 7
9.1
8.8
o.,
95.2
Bo.ar.::J•~ and lod91ng house 11:eepers
Bootblacks
Ch,1H"l90fllen .11M c:IH,.rl
I.I
0.3
0,1
[le•n.1tor tenoeors
Hotel and restaunnt kee~rs and ~9er1
Hou!oekeepers am s t.,.a,ds
o.,
Jan,tor, and se11tons
l..lborers
launderers and I aund rnses !not in" laundryJ
0.6
0.5
). 7
l.Aurdry And dry c I ean ,nq o.,nprs. IIWll'lagers, and operatives
Porters f••cp,pt in storttl
Practical nun,es
Sen,a,its
•aiters
Ot htr pursu Ill•
Clerical occupations
Age"ts, collKtor,. and cre,:fi t ~"
Bookkeepers, c,nh,ers, ,1nd accountants
Clerks not elu .. t-ere clusif1ed
-.Ss.-rqer. errand, ar.j office boy• and girls
StenQljlrac,hers and typists
,.,. f N l • I • l f f ,. UJ.
1.3
5
1.2
U.9
0.9
0.2
O.l
o.•
2.1
1.,
20.•
1.0
2.5
o.
1.l
0.1
0.2
0. 7
0.4
1.7
0.2
0.2
0.5
1.4
0.4
0.)
0. 7
J.2
1.2
I.A
0.2
5.8
0.9
).2
0.2
,.2
6.0
o.•
o.,
o. 7
0.2
).0
1.5
68. 7
o.,
o.,
1.8
0.2
1.0
1~0-37-1'
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
186
Ta•le 1)-UN[WPLOY[O -URS ON RHIU WAY 11'.'4 CLASSIFl[O 1Y occu,ATION, IAC[, HO SU, ANO All
GAINFUL WORlERS IN GENERAL PO,ULATION 19)0 CLASS IFICO IY OCCU,aTIOtl, a
LEllNGTOII , lENTUCU
IELID'
COIUI
19,0
-r
IXCUf'ATICII
,or ...
TOTAi.
-·
2, 155
100.0
S,1
100.0
12.)
1,3
11.0
0.2
2,.1
o.,
1.0
0.1
22.1
"·'
0.2
'3,11
o.,
0,2
0.6
0 .6
0.3
I.I
0.8
2.,
0.11
o.s
0 .3
0. 2
2.1
0.7
0.1
0. 1
o.s
0.)
0. )
0.6
f ~ an::I owe,....,., (,-nufecturi,.J
furnac.,.n . ... 1ten.tt1 . heeter1, Md puddler,
0.3
0. 1
0.)
IIIK:hinista ... u1.r19hts . tool•llera. aftd dia Ntter,
o.s
0.9
1. 6
o. ,
1.)
1.s
0.)
0 .3
o.s
0.1
2. 2
0.1
1. 7
0.3
6.0
0, 1
' o.s
o.,
0.1
0. 2
0. 2
0.9
0.)
0.2
0.9
Total workers rwportiftQ :
AQric1,1lture
20 , )86
100. 0
"",u,,t
Fa,...n loaMrs eftd teNnts} and fan1
•na,e"
J"arw1 labor•rs
).II
0. 8
3. 1
•
Fistling and forntry•
Extract ion of •iner ■ hc
.._,.,,actwrlnv •~ ..chenlcal lflllultrlet
Baken
91ack.-iitha. forgaMft, end ..._,.....
Bo i 1a,..kers
8ricla Md ttotiie asont Md ti le layen
au; Id illli! cOl'ltractort
Carpat1ten
0,...._kert, . . . . tretNa , and •I 11 INrt
[1ectrician1
Eng i neers l1tationary). er.,,....,., ittc.
Fir..., la•cept loc0110tive end flN depertllltftt}
IIINgien and oHic i ah (...,.,-facti,,ri,.J __, _,_f,cturar-a
Mechanics not otherwise 1pecifled
,...1,,,.
Pllntert, 9latlar1 ••
ate.
Paper hanger-s
Plasterers atld c91118ftt flniNn
PIU'lllbers and 9as and ,t..,. fittere
Roofer-s end I l ■ tert
Shoaaker1 afld cobblers {not In fector,J
Sltllled -.orker-1 in printinv11
Ski I lad worlaert not i,1,...,.re c:la11ifiect•
Structural Iron workert
Tailor-a and tal loresset
Tlft911tht and copper9111ltha
()ptr-at ivet
&.,'1di"9 i11cht1try
0-ical Ind ., , ied lfldvttdnf
Ci~r and tGNCco factorlet
Chy, glna, atld lt11"9 induatrlHI
Clothing lrduttr in
Food and allied i,wjustrln 1
Iron arid ttNI, .-chlnery, etc:. ifldultrl..J
llttal 11.i.str ln ,
Iron w 1t•I'
l.Mther iNlu&tr lH
IJ,lt,er and furn i ture l flduatrlH•
Paper, pr i ntlf'IQ, end all lad INluatrlN•
Text I le lndu1trln9
Other .. ,-,fact..1ri"O and not 1peclfl.S lndtiittrlee'
rc"pt
.
O. )
-
•
0.2
0.2
•
•
,.,
20.,
0.6
0 ,3
o.s
0.2
•
1.0
1.J
-
2. s
-
1.1
-
0 .8
0.)
-
-
•
0. 7
0.1
0.1
0.3
100.0
1.2
1, . 0
0.)
13. 7
0.1
-
1.2
32.0
---
---
3.s
0.2
0.)
0.2
0. 2
0. 2
-o.,
•
0.2
0. 8
0.8
o.,
0.8
8.2
0 .)
0. 2
0.2
o.,
o.,-
0. 1
0.1
0. 1
0. 8
0.)
S. J
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
o.s
-
0.3
0. 1
•
•
•
1.6
9. S
7.6
0. 1
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0.1
1. 2
10. 7
-
0.)
2.2
1).8
--
-
--
3.)
0.3
0.2
o.s
) .6
o. s
0.1
0.)
3.•
s.s
0.)
o.,
0.1
0.1
0. 1
-
-
0. 2
-
Digitized by
0.2
).8
-
0. 2
2. 2
)11.2
0.8
0.3
-
1.9
0.1
1.7
-
-
0. 8
-
---
1.1
1.)
- o.,
-- ,.1
- o.~
- - 1.2
- 0.1-- 0.1
- 0.)
o.,
21 . 7
6.)
. .•
3- 7
. , _ l•t- rel I road I
100.0
0.2
Clay , glaH . af'ld 1toi,e ind111tr1H1
Food arcl 111 ied industries'
Iron 111d 1tNI. 11eC:hinery, etc. induotrlaal
L.uiioer and furniture ll'ldU$trln19
Other 11a111,factur ir19 indultri•CI
Rall road t ransoor-tat Ion 1•· o. 1
~ . - . . ,,..19ht a,eni,. ticut and 1teti0" agents
8oi1er ..aher-a Md qlftl holtlert
7&0
0.)
•
0.)
IIAI.£
2')
0.2
~~~!~·:.;~!~•~=r~:,ifled lnduatrln
ROid and 1trNt transportation 11.0.a
Chauffeurs and truck Md tractor driver-a
Dr-■)'T'len ■ no t8Mlltff'I
Garage laborer,
laborers for truck, tl"aftsfer, al'ldcabcc,apanlft, Whottlen
l.Aborers. road a,-:t at ,...t
NEGRO ,,.D 0TM0
,euu
0.1
0. 1
9.)
0.1
0.)
o .~
1.1
uborer1
Tr.,..portat ion and cC1111Unlcat ion
Wiler tr-ansportat iOft ••·•· I
longshQr9llllltf'I al'ld lt9Yed0t"H
S.i Iors, deckhands, end boat,..n
,.,.
llllt(
-
1.2
1.6
--
2.8
-----
0. 1
0.)
0.1
0,3
---
0.1
0.)
1,.6
0. 1
0 ,3
-
0.1
1.3
18.0
-S. 7
1.2
0.)
0.8
6.)
-
0.5
Google
........
SU
100.0
-U.l
--1.0
-----12.1
0.2
--0.2
0.2
-
--o.,
----
187
APPENDIX C
, . , . IJ-u•C•• Lo•co
■ Ol1[RS
o• R[Lo(r
19J• Cl&Ssor,co IY OCCUPATI0•. RACE, uo SEX, ANO All
MAY
;&l ■fUL IOQl[IIS II Ci(l[IUL POPUL.ltlO• 19)0 CLA,51(1(0 SY OCCUPATIOtf,•
l(X I NCf OJII .
llJHUCIT-Co•U•••4
RELIEF 191•
COISUS
19)0
!OT
..
I
I°"
t
...
f'Nt n1 l 1r'Ded1J rd
condYCtOt"I
,_,..
c..,., n llf4l"'{1.
lia ll c.arne,..
,.
UPf
.1
,..ton
,....
,..,r
1.0f"IW
OI..- acc:WJ1t l_,1•
Trade
.....r11,1119 _ . . .
rc.111 tr..,eltra
I
1, f ~ , 9ftd ltl!tPIC lOf"I
1
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•
.....,
eton
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ti, NN91r1 , and offlcl ■ ls
1 t1
l.lir«ff1 (htc.l ...... -
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lrt I" lle<H)
,.. 111
tall _.,,,,
1l1r1
,,,.,.., dr1ft-.n, W
l,wenton
An. i ata, tculptOf"'I, Md IMC.hers of an
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...
lot
etd tNdlat'I of -.,, le
fralNd ,_,....
o, r tr0f
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ra, Md aanic.wrl1t1
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0.2
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0.6
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I.)
I. I
0.8
0,2
0 .5
1,7
0.8
2.1
1.0
2.0
0.5
0.8
12.8
2.•
0.2
0.1
0.1
0,6
2. 2
"• MNger1, and ope.-.t 1ve
Porters (uc.ept In 1lor11J
1
SttvMll
Othef',ursuiu•
Clerical occMpat Ions
'9tntt. c.ollecto,•, Md credit
wien
KC.OUtltMll
9lrl1
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0.7
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0.2
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0.1
0.2
0.2
o.,
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J.8
1.1
0.8
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0.5
7.9
0.5
).0
2.6
0.1
1. 7
0.2
O.J
0.J
0,2
0.2
0.6
1.0
1. 8
0.1
0.1
I.I
1.2
0.1
6.9
0.2
1. 5
J,7
2.1
1.1
0, 7
0.8
11.0
2.J
,.
0.2
Booldaeepars , cash ier,, and
Clons oot ol...+i.re clanlfltd
r, errand, end ofllc,, "10 end typl1ll
0.1
0.2
1.8
),)
l.Aundry and dry clHnlng
o.,
0.1
1.7
I.I
•lid leuNStwlNI (i,ot In laundr,)
St_,..,..,_
0.2
0.1
o. 7
la-underer■
_,,.,.
0.1
8.•
lton Md aatont
LMonr1
Prect le.a I nur
0.5
6.2
o.,
Hotel and rnt4WrAAt .._.,.,. Md aanegers
Pffl Aftd
0,2
18.J
0.2
-
0.1
O.J
o.•
le.I .,. , _,.
Altendafttl Md
0.2
0.1
• .5
rv l«
N"dtftectl ,
2.11
0. 1
0,1
0.1
0,1
0.6
0,1
o.•
lu
aconw
0.2
0.6
0.11
0.1
1,0
J'
°"'-' ..,,.,It, ,,. trade"
llrvfKIIGl'lel
0. 1
0. 2
0. 1
0.1
0, 1
o. 7
0. 1
1.0
lift,,_.
l
I.)
0.2
lut lOI' ..,,...,1t1
for
alld o,en,..n
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lawors
r1
0.1
0. 2
0.1
0,J
0. 1
0. )
to leg,...,, (1.0,I
- . r , . W re i l , •fl clerks
Or.W t ~ llllft MIi c
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F0,4l.£
0.J
pl, I;
T
ltM.E
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t i c.,
.-.
c,,.,...,, ,-,, radio,
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. e. J lcont •IIIMJ
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li"EaRO MO O'TM.(llll
tH ITE
TOJ Al
1.6
0.)
1.5
0.2
2.5
•2. 7
o.,
2.0
0.5
0.)
..,
1.9
0,4
7.5
..,
0.J
11.J
0.5
o.,
2.8
7.9
o.,
J,I
2.0
o.,
18.6
o.,
o.,
15.8
0.2
2.7
0.)
5.5
0.11
6,)
0.2
0.8
0.2
0,2
0.8
0.9
0.)
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.1
0.8
0.5
I,)
•.o
85.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
1. 0
0.2
JJ.8
I. 7
1.,
6).4
0.2
1.5
0.5
0.7
0.J
1.6
0.2
0 .5
0 .1
2.8
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
188
Table 13-UNEWPLOYEO WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, ANO All
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION.•
LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS
_,
Total •orlcers reportit"i]:
RELIEF 19).4
CENSUS
OCCUPATIOIII
19.lO
TOTAL
TOTAL
8), 771
Percerit
100.0
1.6
Agriculture
Famers (o.wners and tenants) •nd fana man.sgers
Fann laborers
Fi shing and forestryll
WHITE
4,9lt
100.0
1,5"8
100.0
•.9
6.6
1.8
4.8
0.)
0.3
1.0
1.3
3.9
0.1
0.2
fllEGRO AND OTHER
630
l. ◄ 65
1,268
100.0
100.0
100.0
o.s
6.8
1.0
5.8
0. I
3.0
0.5
o. 7
O. I
0.5
1.0
21.•
32.9
51.2
21.0
Bakers
81aclitS111iths, forgemen, and humcONn
Boi lennalcers
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
Brlcll and s tone nasons and ti le loyers
Building contractors
O.•
0.3
1.3
0.5
0.2
0.6
0.6
0.6
1.8
0.6
Carpenter,
Orasstl"6.kers, sumstres1es, and 11illlnera
(1 ectric fans
Engi nears {stat ion1r-y) , cn."9men, etc.
Fire111en te•cept locc:rnotlve a nd fire departnentl
2.0
1.0
0.5
•.5
11.5
0.3
1.0
0.1
Extract Ion of 111i narals"
Manu facturing and mechanlcal l l'tdustr les
o.•
u.7
2.5
3.1
I.•
1.6
0.5
1.0
0.1
0.6
0.3
Foremen and overseers 1""1nufacturlngJ
0.4
0.3
I.I
Furnacemen, 1melten.n, heaters, and puddlera
Machinists. raillwrlghts. toolmakers, and die setters
Managers and off icia l s l•nufactudng) and manufactun1ra
Wec:han ics not olhen,, i1e spec if ied
0.9
1.3
1.8
0.5
0.2
1.6
1.6
0.)
0.2
3.8
1.4
I.I
2.9
7.9
1.4
I. 7
1.8
1.8
0.3
3. 7
0.1
0.3
2.)
0.1
0.7
Pa i nters, glaziers, ena.,elers, elc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and ceraent finishers
Plunibers and gas and stea,11 fitter$
Roofers and s faters
Shoe,,-ekers and cobblers (not In factory}
Skilled ffOrkers In prlntlngd
Skilled workers not else-,r,herM c lassiflec:1•
Struc t ural Iron workers
Tailors and tailoresses
Tins11iths and copperS111th5
Operatives
Building industry
Cheraical and al I ied induatrles'
Cigar and tob&cco fac tories
Clay. glass, and stone lndustrles9
Clothing industriosh
Food arw:I all led l ndu1tries 1
Iron and steel, nechinery, e tc . industrJesJ
ltetal Industries, except f ron and steelk
leather lndustrits 1
L\1111:ter and furniture in:tustrles•
Peper , print ll'1jl, and allied Industries"
Textile lndustries 0
Other 1Mnufac.turing and not specified irdustrlesP
Laborers
Building, general, and not specified Industries
Chemical and al I led IMustrles '
~!:· .~a:!i
i~nd1::s~,.;:rstries9
Iron and stael, r111Chlnery, etc. lndus tr iesJ
lumber and furniture lrdustrlas"'
Other 1tenufacturing lndustriesq
.
0.3
o.,
0.1
0.6
o. 7
0.2
0.2
.
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.9
0. 1
0.1
1.1
0.2
o. 7
0.2
0.3
1.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0. 2
O.l
0.1
0.5
0.4
I.I
0.2
0.2
0.9
0.8
7.5
3.2
o. 7
0. 7
0.6
1.0
0.3
1.0
O.•
0.2
0.1
0.5
0. 7
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.3
1.0
0.5
1.8
5.0
2.9
1.5
0.2
0.1
0.9
13.9
0,1
0.1
0.2
o. 7
1.0
o.,
9. 7
Tranaportat ion and c.onnunlcat Ion
I.I
0.1
2.9
0.1
0.5
8. 1
1.5
0.2
2.8
0.2
0.2
0.5
0. 7
0.3
1.3
0.1
0.2
1.8
0.5
0.8
2.9
0.2
11.3
13.•
4. ◄
21.4
o.•
•.2
S.2
8.5
0.2
1.6
0.2
1.1
3.6
Wister transportation I a.0 . 1
l.ong$horet11en and str,eoores
Sa i lors, deckhands, and boatmen
,.o.
fbad and s treet tra.nsportat Ion t
1
Chauffeurs al'lt truck and tractor drivers
Orayni,en and te.-.sters
Garage laborers
Laborers foJ'I truck, transfer. aN cab cOl'tl)ani•s, al'O tost lera
laborers, road al'lt street
Railroad transpart.tion 1a.o.J
Baggagenien, fre ight agents, ticket and station agents
Boiler washers an:t engine hostlers
Brakemen (steam railroad)
2.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.4
0.3
o.e
0.1
0.1
0,1
0.1
0.4
0. 5
1.5
0.1
Digitized by
0.1
3.8
0,6
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189
APPENDIX C
•o••t•s o•
TOie 1)-UN[MPLOT[O
.:;,,,.ruL WORll:fQ3
•EL•£• ... 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE. AND SEK, AND ALL
IN :n1[QAL PCPt.1LATIOM 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
LITTL( li'OCII,
,&QH1f5AS-Co11ltltud
RELIEF 19)4
N[GM:) MD OTMEII
•t1T£
TOTM.
MM.E
F(WALE
MAU
FEMALE
<tR1 C0'111"w.,,i1::•t1on fconl•"''-""dt
fr•"~ort,t10-n
~4 , 1r~,.1 ''""'DO''"t1on , •• 0.1 lcont,"'ue1)
C.Oni...-tor, l'i.te,v,
~est,""
1,t,-Nl r,1,l ro,11sl ain1 bw._ c.onductors
,t"lj
f'l'log• ...,..,,
LO\.Y"ll..'•"e r,r~n
f•~r•.-a, "o~,t, r-sd,o, t"'l!'Pl-o--.e ,n-1 telP9rac~ I s.0.1
f•pr~n """''"'''• e•pre,-.. ,:uc:"'Qers,
w...r
.srd
rail•r • i i clerliis
c:,rr ,ers
Tele~"'o,..,. -1,..., ,,.1e1rapt. 1 ,neitien
Tel"]' ,rJ ..... n,.~,,.
Tel~VotC" ,,..., ,,1,., •..1~r-,1or1
fei~"Onr o,p,er~tors
ln'\;,Kloq,
l11t.0r"rs
Pr-:.pr,etors a,-j t"\!I....O,,rs
Ot.,.,
,,....
occ..,p•t ,ona'
Adv@'rl ,,.,,,~ •g•rts
:O,.....r.- i-11 I r-,.-elcrs
C,e:,.,err'"W""'"I
rloorw-,l'lllers,
f'l,,....,.,
-,rw, ,r,:;.yf'cfor,
lr>&.iflnc.e .and re,,\ nt.11• <1)9rt1, '!'J.l\.l~rs. and 0Hic1.tl1
l•tior•rs l1ncl..dtt porters 1n store1ol
""\boyt,
Proi;r1f'tor~ fe•cept r•t.11 dHlers)t
Ile~, ,I o,,,,1il 1:"r\
5,.sl•'Y'lll!r, ard ~ale\..,._n
0.1
1.9
0.5
0.J
C.5
0. J
C.2
0.3
o.,
0.1
0.1
1.0
1.3
0.1
0.1
o.,
0.1
0.2
o.,
o. 3
D. I
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.3
0.)
0. 7
0.1
0.1
0,3
o. J
o.~
0.1
0.2
0.1
0. 7
0.3
0.1
0.2
Z0.5
9. ◄
0.2
1.6
o. 7
0.2
2. J
0.1
0.6
1.6
0.1
1.2
0.1
1.6
•. J
o.,
6.2
0.2
'·'
0.1
0,5
0.1
l~.5
0.1
1.9
1.8
0.1
1.2
15.•
0,3
0. 7
0.5
0.5
2.1
6.5
1•.6
D. I
1.0
J. I
Ac•?rs :!1"'1 ' $ ~ ~ . ,
Architech, de'>•<Jrers, dr.tft_.t"l!-n, J.n1 inventors
Art ish. ~ulp~on,, "lrvl te-tC''t?'S of art
lih,.,,c,11r-1, ,tnd •e•c.h~r> .>f /1'\,,111C
0.2
0.2
0.)
0.J
0.5
Teackers
2. I
0.5
0,)
1.9
Tec'-nic.al en11 ~ r ,
o. 7
0.1
0.1
?.6
0. 1
0.3
1.3
,. J
0. 7
0.6
D::wt-est ic ard pe-r\ona1 1,erv1C!'
&,ir1.>ers,
k1,1
r1r1•\•,~rs, ,1n'1
21.9
"l.1'11\uri \ti
Bo.tr1i"'1 -,1"11 lo1rJir,.q ~us.c kf'epert,
~,thl-1Ck'$
("'•r~n JM ~,,.,,.""'''
[le-.ati)f teod4!r1,
Ho11!1 4nd "'"11,.ur~r,1
Ii"'"""'' ,,n:, ll"dn 111er1
1-iovs~k~pcr\ ln1 '\te•11rri,
Jsnitors .1rd seatu~
l4Mrer,
La,.,,nderer31 arrl J,.un,.ire\ses (not ii" l11unjry)
1.2
o.~
0.1
0.2
0.2
O. l
1.0
JJ. I
0.J
2.9
0.1
0.1
0. I
0.2
0.2
15.6
91.5
o.,
31.D
1.6
0,5
D.2
0,5
0.2
D.2
0,6
o.,
D. 7
0,6
o.•
o.•
o.,
0.2
D.2
1.9
0.2
15.6
2.1
1.D
J.2
O.R
5.1
•.J
3.2
o. 7
].~
1.0
1.0
,.,
0.2
9.1
19.0
1.•
0.1
1.5
0.1
0.J
......... ,...,.
o.8
o.s
0.7
'Serv,)l"llS
Clerk5 ro! ehl'•here i::11:s'>d 1ed
._'!i.Sf'"-f"r, eorr-:~. ,.,.,.1 .,1,1ce to,s -tn:.1 oirls
Ste"°'ilr .. p ... er~ fllM l:,P•StS
.
1.D
o.8
0.1
D.R
Ac}entl, r.nl lf"Clnr~. ,n1 crM,t ~n
Rooii.keepers, c.1,;"'1ers. •~ "i::cuu,,,.,,,,,
0.2
0.5
I.I
0.3
1.5
0.9
Ott-er pur:'tu, ts•
1.,
o.,
1.6
D.9
0.6
r:leriul occuoat,ons
1.5
5,5
0.2
l4un1r:, <1nd dr 1 cll!'11n1ng o•ners, 11\tMJers, .snd ope,ratives
Port~n. 1,-(1,.ept ,r, :,ture3,)
PractiC!l,I nursr.s
'C.li ler,
0.2
0.2
0.5
1.9
2.5
0.1
Tra,n(!'d '1:.,r~~
0.2
0.1
o.,
O.B
Ott'otr ~roft"1\•on11l pur~itsw
S,e.o,-,profe-,,1'),,il 1n1r\u•ts•
AlUn1ant) o1rrl ... lr,,rs
O.t
3.8
1.9
0.2
0.2
A.O
0.)
9. 7
0.2
0.2
O. I
0.5
Prof•n;oMI 'M!'rv1ce
D.)
0.6
J.•
0.5
I.I
0. I
0. J
,.o
o.•
7,8
Ot~r p.,.,~.,.1tt, ,n tr,tj•w
,.,,
0.5
0.2
O.B
I). 1
,.,
0.9
0.2
,.6
1.5
0.1
1.5
3.•
0.2
,.o
I.I
,.1
0.5
t.•
2.2
1.3
5.5
0.5
2.6
1.2
O.B
t.•
6.6
6. 7
,.1
1.0
2.0
6'.7
1.,
22.2
D. 7
D.•
,.A
5.5
o. 7
0.5
11.,
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
190
Tobi• 13-UNEMPLOYED •ORKERS ON RELIEF IIAY 193C CLASSIFIED 8Y OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL ,oPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY occu,ATION,•
LDS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA
R£l1EF 19}4
OCCUPATION
CENSUS
IOlO
TOT Al
WHITE
TOTAL
580, 73)
100.0
65,020
100.0
3,4
Fishing and forsstry 11
2.,
o. 7
1.6
0.)
Utraction of 111ineralsc
0.5
1.3
1.9
26.2
0, 4
0.2
0.1
35,6
0.7
0.4
0.2
0.9
C),4
Agriculture
Fan,ers (owners and tenants) and faAII l'lainagers
Fa,,. laborers
lihnuf11eturing and 1119thanltal Industries
Bekers
Blackniths, forgMW:n, and hafnemen
Bol lefflllkers
Bric'- and stone •sons and tile byers
Bui Iding contractors
0,)
0.5
)6,070 12,670 U ,4)0
100.0 100.0 100,0
).8
1.8
2.0
1.4
2. 0
0.6
1.0
0.5
o. 7
0,3
3.B
6. )
1.6
1.1
0. 2
0,4
0.5
0,1
0.6
liechanlcs not otherwlsei sped rild
1.2
1.5
2. 1
1.2
0,5
).1
2 .1
0.8
4.5
Pa Inters, g 1az i era, enat111l ers, etc.
1.5
).)
5.0
furMcemen, "91 termen, heaters, and puddlers
Machinisll, ,alll•rlghts, toolllll!lktrs, and die setters
Paper hangers
o.,
Plasterers and cement f In I shtrs
PIIIT'bers and gas and stMm fitters
0.5
Roofers and slaters
0.1
Shoenekers ard cobblers !not in factory)
Skll led .. rkers In print ingd
Skilled workers not else•here cl nifl~
Structural iron workers
Tailors and tailoresses
Tln511lths and copperS1ith1
0.2
0.9
0.1
DPerat ives
Bui I ding industry
Chet11ic.al and a l I led industries'
Cigar and tobacc-o factories
Clay , glass, and stone irn:lustrlesO
Clothing industries"
Food and al I led lndustries 1
0. 1
Iron and steel, mAchlner)', etc. industrie,.l
Wetal industries, except Iron and stee\k
Leather industrles 1
Lumber end furniture Industries"
Paoer, printing, and allied Industries"
Textlle lndustries 0
Other manufacturing and not specified industrlesP
laborers
Bullding, general. a.--:! not specified industries
Cherlical and al I led industrlesf
Clay, glass , and stone industriesV
F"ood and al 1ied industrie-, 1
Iron and steel, l'll!lchiner)', etc. industrlesJ
Lumber and furniture industrles9
Other IMnufacturing lndustr'iesQ
Transportl!ltion and c<JlffllUnication
Water transportation ts.0.1
Longshoremen and stevedores
Sailors, deeil:hllnds, And boat"'ln
1.9
•
I. 7
0,1
0,)
0.6
0.1
),1
0.1
0.1
2.)
1.2
0,8
0.2
0,3
0,)
0.4
0,1
0.3
D.2
0,)
0.4
0,4
0.3
0. 2
0.1
5.5
1.9
0,2
0. 7
0 .2
1.6
1.5
0.2
0.4
0~7
0. 7
I.I
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
1.1
0,2
0.2
0. 4
0.)
1.5
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
1.4
0,3
1.0
I.I
1.9
).•
2.9
0,2
0.2
0.2
0. 2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0,)
0,)
0. 4
0,1
0.1
I.)
0. 6
0,)
o.,
0.1
0.3
0,)
11.9
0.5
0.1
7.5
II.I
0,)
0.3
0.3
0.1
2,3
0,1
0.2
o.,
4,5
5.)
0.2
0.1
1.5
0.1
0.1
1.1
0.2
0. 2
0.6
0.6
0.2
0.1
0,2
0.2
0.2
0. 6
0.8
0.6
0. 2
0.2
0. 6
0.1
I .I
Railroad transoortatlofl , •• 0.1
trf:~~he~~•~~\:r;1,!•~a~~; and station agents
Brakemen Isle~ ral 1road)
0.1
0.4
. .
0. 1
0.)
D.1
0.1
0.2
0.)
Digitized by
6.6
0,3
0.7
0.2
0.2
0,2
0.2
0,3
1.0
o.,
0.1
ID.I
0,9
1.0
0.5
1.0
0.2
0.9
),6
4.)
I. 7
21. 7
0,)
0.1
Road and street transportation 11.0.1
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Dra}'fllen and leNDSltrs
Garage laborers
La.borers for truck, transfer, and cab cOftl)anies, and hostlers
Laborers. road and street
0,2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
).I
2.4
1. 0
0,2
0.1
o. 7
0.)
0.4
o.s
0,3
0.6
0.2
17.1
5,1
0,1
0,4
0.8
0.5
0.)
o. 7
l.0
1.0
0.5
0,6
1.2
0.)
I.I
Fo~ and overseers ("'9nufacturingJ
M&nagers and officials (manufacturing) and "8nufacturer1
)9.3
1.2
1.4
0.9
0. 6
0. 1
4 .'810
Lql.O
I. 7
17.2
0.1
0,3
2.6
D.9
1.0
o. 7
6.8
1.7
5.1
0.5
0.9
Carpenters
Or-et"8illtrs, aenstreases, and mi 11 iners
Electricians
Engineers (statlo,.ryJ, cranemen, etc.
rlreaen (eJCcept locO'!'IOt lve and fire depart1111ntJ
0.1
NEGRO ANO OTHER:
8. 5
1.0
0,8
0,3
5.4
D. l
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APPENDIX C
Ta~I• ll-Ul(WLOYCO
wota[-S o•
ULl[F
,,.n
191
19)• CLASSIFl[0 8Y OCCUPlTI0I , RAC[, UD SEX, uo lll
1.AIIFUL 11011(05 II C.[ll .. L P0PVLlTI0I 1!1)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPUI0N,•
LOS olflGCL[S, C.&Llf'Oftll-,-CoU t11••C
....
JtfL l (f!
CD,US
occi,u1011
J,..naoa,,ut 10ft Ind COlaWn•c•t ,on
'°'"'"
TOTAL
0.)
0.1
0.2
0. 1
WM.(
J (cont,,_.,,
CCJl"lduc:tort 1,1..., afld 1trNt r11lrota1I and but coftductora
L_,,.,,
owe,.,..,,
o.~
....
l,,oe(IIIDll'Het"II I, . . , .
L,ocOIIOt ,we f ,, . . . "
,_
S.1t(,..,. , f l ~ •• ,.,,..,...,...._
c..,,..a.
po1t, rl,d10, telephoria , 1111111 tele,r ■ pfl • • · • · 1
(JipreM IIJe'ffll , lll'Pl'WH . .1Nf'l9et'I, and r■ , l•y • i i clertia
lllol carr,er1
Tellf"DN)f'la af'ld tel419raot'I 1,,,...,.
f•I fl9t'lpl'I . . IM1"19er1
o.,
o.•
0.1
0. 2
0.1
0.2
0.)
•
0.2
•
operators
0.1
0.1
•
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.2
0. 1
0. 1
,,..,.uo,tat1011 and COIIIU"•c.etion oiwrw,ta
for....-. al'lid overNer1
lf'l1,0«.tor1
l,abOrers
Proo,,t1or1 Md...,,,.,.,,
0t11er oc.cwcaat ,on,•
.,.,.,,,..,,no
•~tt
eo-,,c ,al
Dtl 1wer,-et'
F'loor•l••rt. for9111M, •net , "9NC tor•
,_,,.nee.,.., rNI Ht•t• •"ts, •.-..get"t. •nd official,
1,...... ,..
o.•
0.2
o.•
o.,
o.,
21.8
i,.1
0. )
0. 6
1'.9
0.2
0.9
o.s
,,_
O. J
0.8
o.,
o.s
0. 1
) .•
1.•
0.)
1.5
I 111Clude1 porters in ttorHI
0. 7
0. 6
,.,.oo,i•tors lewce,t ret•I I 0Nler11 1
a.t•• I dHl~r1
311le~ •l"ld talHIMRIPf'
OtlWt "'rsu1t, in tra<Mu
0.1
0.1
o.•
1.6
,.2
9.•
0.6
0.6
_..,,.,
L,aOOrert
P\,0,1 ic wrvice
ProfftliOMI Hrvice
Actort•,... .,.,_,.
Arc.-i11«u . des,9nert. dr■ ft ... n, and irwentor1
i tU, Kulotors, Ind t•chers of ■ rl
1t.,1ic1.,., and lNcher1 of -..sic
fNCfrrlert
-
•
0.2
0.2
.
..
0. 2
0.2
0.2
hle,graplt Ind raci,o 0Hrator1
Qt._,
-
0. 1
0.1
0. 2
0.1
0.1
0.)
0. 1
O.J
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
ftlf'CI,.,,_
0.2
FDM.U
H.)
1.2
o.,
0.1
0.1
0.)
1.2
O.)
1. 2
0.5
0.6
18.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
O.J
I.J
0 .1
1.4
0. 6
0. 6
0.1
0. )
--
0.1
0.J
-
0.2
1.9
0.)
0.2
-
1.0
1.8
0.8
1.1
0.9
0. 1
0. 1
1.1
O. J
l.S
0.2
2.)
).•
-
I.)
I.)
-
-
-
0.8
2.1
-
-
0.2
0.6
-
0.6
1.0
o.•
0. 2
0.4
JI.0
17. )
0.)
69.J
0.2
0.2
0.9
o.,
--
0. )
0.6
0.6
1.5
0.J
La,fldr'y and dry clNninq o.nert. f'lrla99r1. and os>erati..,..
Pttrters l•wceot in 1t0rnJ
,rect ical ,.,,..,
5atvaftl I
ta i ters
Ottier 1i111reuit ..
1.,
0.2
-
0.1
0.6
-
o.,
,.o
0.1
-
1.6
0. 1
).5
0.9
9. 1
2. 7
0.1
0.1
0. 2
) .2
0. 8
0. 1
) .6
11 . 1
8. 5
0. 1
,-
12.9
0.8
J.3
5.6
0.2
).0
7.8
0.5
2.2
).2
0.2
I. 7
7. 1
0.9
2.2
).7
0.1
0. 2
17 . )
0. 2
•.8
1.6
-
...
0.6
7.)
Digitized by
-
0.2
0.6
0. 6
5. J
I. 7
.
-
) .I
o.•
0. 6
0.1
o.s
-
0.2
2. 7
0.6
5.,
0.5
I.I
0.1
0.2
0. J
--
).)
o.,
Cleriul occuoet iont
col lee tors. and crlfdi t ..,,
hollllNtMrt, cuh i ers. and accountants
Clerkt not eluwhere clnsifi~
- .. . .,., erraM, and off ice boys and 9 i rl 1
Stefl09raphera and t,oi its
0. 2
0.6
0.1
1). 6
0.9
0.9
1.1
0.1
0.1
-
--
0.1
7. 8
1. 2
0.)
O.J
1.•
0.6
0. 1
-
) .0
1.2
1.S
0.)
0.1
O.J
0. 1
1.0
--
-
0.9
1.0
2 .0
0.)
--
).9
8.0
1.5
0.2
0. J
-
0. 1
-
-
1.9
I.)
0 .1
--
6.1
12 .2
1.3
-
0.1
2.8
o.s
0.1
rntaur■ nt IINper1 and
and ,t . . rds
Jeni tors and te•tOftt
Labore,..
~ , . . , . . and laUftdrHNt lnot in leufldr1J
ltovt■ll""rt
.,..t,.
AND OTMEA
17.)
0.1
1.0
0.9
•!"lei•'•
---
0. 1
).I
ic afld personal Nrvice
.. l"bttrt, ha i rdresMrt. ,.nd 1111nicur i 111
brdi"O and lodgtt'Q houte keeoert
loot blacll.t
Chl,.....n afld clNnert
[l.,ator tendert
,.
0.1
1.0
1.0
t)aae,t,t
--0. 2
6. 7
T■<M1ul
pu,..,
,, ••
°"'""'""
-
0.)
0.5
12 .o
o.s
o.•
aiftOi,..rt
f,.. i "9d l'IUrMt
Ot,,..o,ofeu •~•
S-iprofnt ,OfWil
ltlendl,r1U and hrtlpen
0.2
----
0.2
1.0
1.9
7. 1
•rt
Motel and
.....
■HillO
FO.L(
Icont ,,._J
1111,lrC)Ad 1,,,,.~rt1t10,, 1•• 0.
fa,..,,. afld
....
•1T1
0. 9
2.2
..
1.8
0.1
2. 7
-
0.2
1.9
5. 2
-
1.0
SJ.O
).9
- 0.2
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1.0
1.2
1.2
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIEF
192
Tabl• 1)-UNEWPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 19)4 CLASSlfl(O 8Y OCCUPATION, RACE,ANO SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFUL WOR•ERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED 8Y OCCUPATION,•
LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS
CENSUS
19.}0
OCCUPATIOH
TOTAL
MAL£
Total wor11.ers reoort Ing ;
NU'llber
Percent
Aorltuhurt
Far,,, rs (o-ners and 1... anu) 11nd ram •~e,..
Fa,,., laborers
3.986
2,857
1.027
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.6
0.1
0.5
0.9
1.2
0.J
o.,
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
Uttrect ion of mi neralsc
nd h
l'fflf!ft
Brick and slorte ,..wn1 aiid tile la)'ers
&Jlldlng contrac tors
Carpenter,
Oress,ialcers, seMtStressos,
ano
ml 11 iner1
Flrffllen (except loea"0tlve and fire deP1rt
51.7
0.5
0.2
6'.•
68.)
0.2
0.2
0.)
0.2
o.,
0.J
1.5
0.2
0.)
1.9
3.•
0.3
•.9
0. 7
1.7
1.)
o. 7
0.J
0.)
0. 7
EIKtric t ans
£"9ineers (stationaryJ, craneW'I, etc.
70 I
FEMALE
)2
100.0
100.0
•.J
J.1
«.3
21.9
ti
6.5
1.8
0 .8
0.5
1.9
1.0
1.J
W.Chlnlsts, '11111wrlghta. tool"'l;kers. and die aetten:
4.8
1.5
).6
S.1
1.,
0.1
1.,
0.1
1.9
1.•
•.)
5.9
\l&ru!l1gers and oHlclala (tl,W'IUfacturingl and m,.,,facturers
Mtchanlcs not otherwiae specified
Painters, glaziers, en.-,elers, etc.
P•per hangef'9
Plasterers and cement finishers
Pl~ers Md gas •l'ld SlNrl fl tten
Roofers and slaters
()perati¥es
Building lndu-1try
O, . . ica1 and •I I led Industries '
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, g1us, and stone lndustrleal
Clothing industrlesh
FOOd Md all led lndu1trles 1
•
0.2
I.)
0.6
0.2
0.7
I.I
0.1
o.,
0.2
0.J
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
o.r
0.3
0.J
0.1
•
o.,
Laborers
Building, general, end not specified Indust r ies
Che,ilcal Md oil led industries'
Clay, glan, and ttone lnctust rie19
Food and al I ied industrles 1
Iron and steel, iuchinery, etc. lndus tr lesJ
W'llt>er and furniture Industries•
Other ,..,..,facturing indu1trlesq
Transportation end cOWNnicatlon
Water transoortat ion 1•. 0. 1
Longshor~ and stevedora
Sal I ors, deckhands, and boatnien
0.)
0.2
•
0.1
0.1
o. 7
0.5
o.,
0.8
1.1
0.1
0.2
16. 7
24 .6
0.5
0.8
o. 7
6.5
0.1
21.6
0.6
0.)
0.2
0.)
7.8
0.8
0.2
•
0.1
,.1
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.2
2.,
2.9
2.9
0. 7
0.J
3).8
0.2
10.0
2.9
1.6
1.5
0.5
6. 7
6,6
7.1
2.9
0.2
2.9
0,3
•
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
1.5
1.6
2.1
0.2
2.9
5.•
7.)
9.3
1.9
1,,3
0.1
0.1
0.1
2.1
).5
0.)
0.1
.
1
Chauffeurs afld truck and tractor drl..,ers
and te.stera
Garsge 1aborers
Laborers for trvck, trMsfer, andcabCQ11Panies, and hostlers
Laborers, road and strHt
Rallroad transportat ion 1a.o.1
Baggagemen, freight agen ts, t lcket and ~tat ion agent,
Boiler qshers and engine hostlers
Brakenien (stei,,i ra 11 roadJ
0.5
,.3
2.8
0.2
1.9
0.)
0.3
2.8
0.5
0.2
1.6
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
Iron and steel.
ehlnery, etc. lndus tr lesl
Metal Industries, except Iron •nd 1tcel 111
leather lndustrln 1
l.uaber Md rum 1tur1 1ndust ri e,
Paper, printing, and allied lndl.t1tr1u"
Textile industrle.s0
Other tUl"ll.lfacturlng and not spec:Hilld industries'
u.o.
0.1
0.2
1.0
0.5
0.1
ShOMakers and cotlblers (not In rectory!
Skilled workers in prlntll'lgd
Ski 11ed workers not elsewhere clesslfied•
StNctural iron 'lil'Or11tf'9
Tal1ors end tal1oresses
Tlntfliths and copper.. i th1
~oad and street transportation
0.1
0.1
0.6
2.8
2.2
ForO'le'l .-,d overlffrs (l'Ml'IUfacturing)
Furnacer-.n, .-el tenwn, he111ters, and puddle rs
Or.,_,,
WALE
0.1
Manufoctur i ~ and ~a., , cal industries
S.kers
81ack,- l ths, for11~.
Bollel'Wl&kers
FEMALE
•6,218
0.1
Fi shing And forestry'
IIIEGAO AMO OTHER
llf'ITE
TOUL
o.,
0.1
0.1
-
,.1
o.,
I.)
0.1
0 .6
1. 7
0,1
0,1
o.,
... . .
0.2
Digitized by
4.)
1.4
•.J
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1.5.6
3.1
3.2
193
APPENDIX C
Tatlo lJ-Ull(MPlOYEO •ORl[RS o• RELIEF MU 1934 ClASSIF 1[0 BY OCCUPATION, RAC[, ANO SEX, ANO All
GlllFUl -•£RS IN G[N[Rll POP\JLATION 11110 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
LYN•. till.5S4C"'-ISETTS--Co,u Uud
RELIEF
,,,o
CUW5
OCCI.WAYIOII
TOTAi.
IM,l
NEGRO AIIID OTHER
TOT Al
lillll[
HMALE
IMLE
FEMALE
Tran.portat,on and ccaa1.1t1,c•t•on ,cont,nuedl
R•u I road transpc,rt•t ,on ••.0.1 1cont , ~ ,
Coruw<:t0f"1 tste .. aro 1trNt r•ilr~1J •no Dul cCl'lductors
For ..." &IIO ower1Nr1
l.Morers
,we
Motor,_,..
S.11,,,..n. fl--,..n. and 1•re11ten
bpr~t. potl. recs,o, telephone ,.nc, tel~r•ph 11.0. 1
(aprn1 ~ l 1 . ••P'•U IIIIIM"9•r1, .,c, ,.., 1.. , .... 1 C 1., ••
Ya, I c•rr ,er1
hie~
end
.. .
.
.
0,1
l'ftgil'l9ert
f ,,._,,
LOCOl'IOt IWI'
Lo::a-ot
0.1
tel~r•Jlh 1,,....,..
a,ld
rll:J,o operators
Telephone operator1
0tner tranaportat ,on and coaun,cat ,on purtu•U
f or-,i ll'IO owerwera
ln1~tor1
Laborers
0.1
0.1
0.1
0,1
0.1
0.2
0, I
0.1
0, I
0.1
0.1
0.3
0,l
0.1
0,1
0.1
0,6
0.1
..
0.1
o.•
Pr-ov1etor1 and -..na,a..-1'
Outer otc.w~t1on1 9
0.1
0.1
0,3
Tel~r•oti . . ,Mtlil'f'I
Telt!'Qrap,,
0.1
0,1
I. 7
0, I
-
-
-
0,1
-
-
-
0,2
0,2
L2
L2
-
-
13.0
7.5
1.1
6,8
u.•
-
COfftlrc.,al tr...,elen
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.5
0.1
1,0
LI
1.,
-
2,8
-
floor•l•rs, fo,.,...n. arc1 1rtsP1C.lor1
o.,
0.5
-
-
-
0.5
o.5
-
8.6
0.1
0,1
-
-
-
0.1
&.•
0.9
• ,I
L2
1.2
3. 3
0.2
6.6
-
-
0.3
L•
-
-
-
Puol ,c sennce
1.8
0.9
1.2
-
-
-
ll"rofe111onel tervice
6. l
2.8
0.3
3,1
1.8
0.1
•.3
-
6.3
-
0.2
-
r,_
Advert,11"9 -.,ents
0.,1,.,.,,,.n
IMur.-Ke
Mid
r••I
••t•t• ~~ls,
l.aonr•r• I inc l~n porter,
,n
~ r s . •nd off 1c1als
1\0re1I
J11e,a1a-,,,1
Propr ,et ors !except reta, I dealers)'
A•U• I aealers
S•le141en aM u . l e ~
Other pur,u1ta ,n trade"
Acton Md P ~
ArchitatU, dn,9ner1. draft9'118n, and uwentort
Ari 11t1. ,culptor'I, and teAC:hers of art.
"""•c.,ans ano leathers of 111US1c
fNCn.rt
Tecl'l"1cal e"9111111tn
Tr••l'lled ,..,rM1
ou._r
orofen1onal
punu,u"
Sen11profHr.1onal pur~•t••
Atten;Santt an:I helpers
De.eat ic
Mid
personal Mrv1c•
krNrt, hair,jresMrt • .,_, •n•curitU
Bc:.rd1ng ,and IOdQH'9 houw kNpers
8oot0lite1&1
Chan.a.en and c leanart
[lr,etor le,.,.....
Hotel and rest,.,rent lcNpera and •nagers
Housek•.-n -,a ,t . .ardt
J.,,1tor1 and H'lltlonl
l.AbOf'trs
launderers and laundrHNI (not ,n laundry)
l.Aundry 11n1 or, cleaning Olllf'4tt, iaat1&9er1. and operativH
Portera l••cep\ 1n 1-torHJ
Pr act ,cal nurses
S.rwanu
••tert
Other pura1o1its•
Clerical oc.c1o1pation1
"9tnu, collectors, and credit an
&ooa..knpers, ca1h,ers, encl accountants
Cleril.s not el1ewt1ere i: laud •e~
llllu,.,,qer, ett.\"-'. and off •Ce- 00)'1 and 9,rl1
Sten09rapl'.et1 and lyP• Sll
0,9
0.3
0.1
0.5
3.0
o.•
0.2
0.6
0.1
o.•
I, 7
o.•
o.•
-
LS
LI
0. 7
0,1
0,5
-
-
0.)
-
0,5
-
-
0.3
L3
-
0.1
L3
-
-
0.2
L6
-
•.3
-
6.3
-
0.5
0,2
0. 7
o. 7
I.,
0.3
0.3
0.3
9,3
10.3
•. 3
25,0
18,5
68.7
0.9
0,2
0.2
0.1
o.)
-
-
0.1
0,2
-
-
0,1
0.3
0.3
0.1
0,3
1.0
-
2.9
6,3
-
0,3
0. 3
o.•
0, I
0.2
0.1
o. 5
0,9
o. 7
0,8
o. 1
0.1
0.5
1,1
0.5
3.0
0.8
0.8
,.0
11.8
0.3
2.9
0.1
•
.
6.•
0.2
2.0
L•
-
-
-
0,5
2.6
-
7.1
6.3
-
0,1
-
0.2
-
9,3
0,8
o.,
1.8
-
6,3
1.•
0.1
1.7
0.5
2. 7
12.6
3.6
1.•
7.1
37.•
3,1
5.3
,.o
8.9
2,9
-
0,1
0.6
3,0
3.2
2.7
2.9
-
1.3
2.9
0.2
0,8
0.2
0.2
-
-
0.1
2.8
-
-
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Tobi• IJ-U•EIIPLOTED •ORKERS o• RELi EF wn 19)4 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPAT 10•. RACE, AND SEX, HD All
GAI.FUL •ORKERS U GE•EUL POPIILATIO• 19)0 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATIO•,•
IIANCl1ESTER, NE• HAMPSHIRE
RELIEF 19)'
ct,ISU1
,uo
occu, ... r 10N
Tota1 worliers reporting:
..,...,
Pe~t
TOTAL
)4,06
1,957
100.0
1,)58
100.0
0.8
1.2
0.)
0.1
J.1
1.4
J.8
0.2
1.6
2.1
100.0
Agricuhure
FaM11er1 (o-ners and tenants! and f1n111 nanagen
Fa1'111 I aborers
FI ah Ing a.nd forestry"
0.5
0.2
Extraction of 11,intra11c:
59.0
Manufacturing -"d !'P!Khanlcal• Industries
0.1
0.1
66.4
72.6
0.4
0.1
1.0
0.2
I.
Blacks,11ltlu. fof'geNn. and h""'MMf'I
Bol le,....kers
Brick and atone INl$0n5 and tile layers
Bui ldln; contr-actors
0.)
0.2
o.8
Carpenters
Drestl'Dalctr1, 1
tresses. and mil linen
Electricians
Engineers !stationary). craneten, etc.
Firff"'IIW'I Incept IOCOl!!Otlve and fire depart«ent.J
Forenwn and oververs lnrenufacturlngJ
Fumac...,,, uiehe,_,,, heuers. ano puddlers
~chlnista, ,.jllwrlghts,
toolMk■,.., , and
die setters
1.1
0.4
J.
0.1
2.8
0.6
0.5
0.3
0.)
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
I.)
0.6
0.)
0.1
0.8
1.0
0.5
0.1
Painters, glaziers, en
J.0
2.6
). 7
Plasterers and c.....,t flni&hers
Pllilfflbers nd gas and 1\H'tl fltten
0.1
0.5
0.)
0.5
Roofers e"Ct 1111.ers
0.1
0.4
o. 1
0.6
Shoeftakers and cobblers tnot in factory)
Skilled worlters in prlnllngd
Sid I led '#Orkers not else.here clusi rieo•
Structural l rot1 worh.ers
Tailors and tai loresses
Tlnsrnl ttis nd coppersmiths
0.2
0.5
J.J
0. I
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.)
o.,
I.I
1.6
0.2
0.)
0.)
0.4
Paper hangers
lr9" and at.HI, nrachlnery, etc. industrles-l
"etal lnduatrlu, except iron and 1teel"Leather lndustries 1
Lullber and furniture Industri es•
Pa.per, printing, and 11 I led Industrias"
Textile lmtustrtes0
Other •nufac:turlng and not specl f led industries'
o.,
0.1
I.I
ltilat\agers and officials (11111,nufacturlngJ And raanufacturers
Oper t lvn
Bui ldlng I Mus try
Che,,lcal and al I ied lndustrlesf
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glass, and stot1e induatrie.sl
Clothlttg Indus tr ies"'
FOOd and al I led industrlea 1
100.0
0.)
•t1anlc1 not ot~ rw ise 1oecifled
lers. etc.
598
100.0
68.)
0.8
0.4
0.1
S.ktrs
NEGRO MO OTHER
llflfi
TOTAl
o.,
O.J
1.,
0.4
0.4
2.6
).5
4.4
1.4
0.)
0.)
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.)
0.6
0.9
17 .9
0.4
0.)
17.1
2.5
20.6
0.9
0.2
19.0
1.2
1.6
0.)
12.5
2.2
22.)
2).8
0. )
4).8
0.)
laborers
Building, general, and not specified Uldustrles
Chenilcal and al 1led Industries'
Clay, glass, and stone industries1
Food and 111 fed industrles 1
Iron and steel. machinery, etc. industrlasJ
l.uilber and furniture Industries•
Ottier manufacturing lndustdesq
Transportation and cClfflW.lnlcation
W1ter transportation 1a.o.1
L.ongshorerrien Md stevedores
4.0
5.9
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
2.8
0.1
0.4
0.9
0.2
0.6
1.2
0.)
4,9
6.3
8.1
1.0
1.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
).I
4.4
0.2
0.)
0.2
0.)
1.5
1.0
0.2
Sailors, deckhands, and boatmen
Road afld street tra11sportation c..o. 1
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Oraytl'en and te•sters
Ga rage Iabore rs
Laborers for truck, transfer, andcabCQfflPYlies, ndhostlers
Laborers, road and street
RallrDld transponatlon 1s.o. 1
Baggage"'l'lefl, freight agents. ticket Md station agenu
Boiler washers ano e-,glne hostlers
Bno-• (st- n,llroed)
..
1.0
0.1
Digitized by
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I
100.0
APPENDIX C
Tule
1)-U ■ l.ll•LOflO
195
IORl[RS 01 R[LIH MAY 19)4 CLlSSIFt[O BY OCCUPU I ON, UC[, UO Stl , UO lll
Gll NFUL 90A•LRS II G(NlUL ,OPuLl 1101 111}0 CLlSS IF I (O IY OCCUPU IOI,•
IUJICN(5Tllil.
•c•
·~••d
HU,PS,HtRC-cou
OC.(U,OATIC.
lOTAl
'~•••Oft tlftd c-.,,,-.ut ••
Locoaot iwe 9f19 i " " "
LocOIIIIOt iote ,,,....,.
.....,_
,..,,o,
~t•.
Liorn1
t e l ~ . .,._, t•le"1r"tpl'I is.a. 1
,..,Mf'lt•"•· .,_.. ,..,1 ..,
rcprn,
,..ii cl•r111
~
rld•o °"'ators
Teletihon,a o,,eraton
,,.,.,oo,tat ••
and
coaa,,. iut i o,1 wr-wit1
fM....,. Mid 0..f'Nef'I
LADorer1
flt-oprietor,
0. 1
0.2
o.J
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0. 2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0.1
o.,
0.J
.
.
1. 0
0.1
•
0.5
0.1
0. 1
0.2
0.J
o.•
I
Md...,,_...,.,,
OtJrwtr occvNl ,ona•
T,_
0.2
0.2
J .4
12.1
0. 1
1.8
11.7
C.0-.rcial ,,.,.1.,..
0. 1
0. 7
1. 0
0.1 i .... ,,....
0. 5
0. 1
I.I
1.5
0. 2
0.1
0. 2
0 .5
0.7
1. 0
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.J
0.9
0.9
J.0
).I
0.11
2.2
trade"
0 .6
2. 8
5 .5
0.2
~lie NN•c•
2.1
l'rofNaiOflel Nrvlce
Architacta. dni9"9"'1. draft ...... . Md , .....
6.0
0. 1
0.1
.....-ti,,,..~,.
J'lo,o,..Jlier1 , for...,., end i flt-0«.tor1
.,..c, rMI ntete .,..-iu • ..,..rs, 8'ld off icl al1
,,..,,aftt.e
Lao,-.,-,
-,..
(il'ltl_,.. ,of'tert if'I ttorHJ
'ro,t' ietors 1..,-,1. retail dNlertJ 1
It-tall de1ler1
s.1 ......
and ••
1......,,_
Other purauitt
llctoraand
1ft
~
.....,.
Arti1t1. aculptor1, end teec.'trllt,a of •rt
Md t . . her1 of ._.,1c
,o,..
0.4
lactwiicel ..., •....,..
lr1i,_. """ ...
0. 2
2. 2
p.-of•tt i Oflal ourwitt•
S-lprofeHiOftrll
Attllf'INnh Md ,_1,.r1
ourau,,.-
a...tlc and ,er ■--1 NtVlce
la1'Mf'1, halrdrnwr1 • ..., 1111t1 lcurlttl
&,,.rd l "9 llflld IOCl; i "9 hal,N ...,_,.,
1.0
1. 4
0 .4
0.2
0.2
0. J
0.7
0.J
I.J
0. )
1.8
ID. 7
20.•
0 .11
0.1
0.1
0.2
6.2
0.2
0.2
0.)
IDO.O
0.)
0 .J
0. 1
0.2
0.J
-· -
JW'ilor1 8fld N'lf\OftS
,_'"_ ,_ '" ,_,.,,
Ulllfldry Ind dry clN,'11"9 o.ners • ..,....,... Md °"1'•t ivn
,..,,,.,., 1.-cept "' atornJ
fJrrectlcal ,...,,..
S.Na,,ta
Wllten
Cleric.el occutMt Iona
~ • . collactof"I, end credit_,.
Md &C(N,lf'll . .11
Clerh ftOl el ....... r• clusifl«t
......,...,, err.,.,, -"' off ice boya Md girls
Md lpp11ta
0. 2
0.)
0.8
0.6
0. 1
0.5
0.7
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0.1
0.6
0,6
•
•
0.J
0.)
0.1
0. 7
0.3
I. 7
) ,0
6.2
I.II
2.8
0.9
U.4
0 .6
•
OtNr ,.,.,it1•
St.,..,.....,...
2.2
0.J
0.1
1. 0
[l11Wetor ,......,.,
.......,.r,. cuh,.,.,.
0.2
0.11
0.2
Hot•I __. rMt-..rent ...,_,., ...s ..,..._,..
Nawee1t. . ., • • ,,.-r1:11
Laorera
I.II
0. 2
I
laotlllacka
01.,._,. Md cl....,.1
0.6
0.6
2. 2
0. J
I
,
-,,iciM■
Ot,-,.
CTHP
0. 2
,.1 ..,..... ~~,.,
Tel19,_,..
•o
0.)
0.2
0.1
,.,~end,.,.,,...,.,, .......
Othef'
•
0. 1
0.4
0. 1
0.2
S.,tc...._,, ti..,._.., Mdl ,.,.,.,_
Mail carr,er,
l(GAO
(cOftt , """ICIJ
la1lrDM traritp()"1et1Df'I •• · •• • CC:DAl•t'luedJ
Conductor, l st•• •"<I 1t , . ., ra, lroedtJ Md '"'' c0flductor1
for~ N owe,,..,,
hprn1, IIOtt.
au Tt:
1.1
1.7
0. 2
0.1
2.1
0.2
1.2
J.4
I.II
0.1
I.)
0. 2
0.)
0.)
1.6
-
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4.0
0.1
l.J
0. 2
0.7
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196
URBAN WORKERS
ON RELIEF
Tobi• 1)-UNCMPLOYED WORKERS OM RELIEr WAY 191' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RAC[. UO SEX, UO ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
MARQUETTE, MICHIGAN
RELIEF IIH'
OCQJPATIOM
Total wor'ters reoorting:
Agr icu lture
Farniers (owners end tenants) and fan,i 111anagers
Fan1 laborers
CENSUS
19,0
TOTAi.
NEGRO AMO OTHER
TOTAi.
"AlE
100.D
570
100.0
).2
0.)
2.9
).)
66)
,.2
2.0
2.)
)9.5
0.9
0.)
0.2
o. 7
0.6
•3.2
,.8
5.6
0.9
I.)
1.0
1.,
I. 7
Bladi.~lths , forgenen . and h.,,...men
Bol le,....kers
Br-ick and stone rw.,sons and ti le layers
Building contractors
Carpenters
Ores,nakers, Sea'TIStres.ses, and •illlners
Electrlci!W'ls
Engineers lst ,!lionaryl. cronemen, etc.
Firemen !except locO'Otlve and fire departntent)
o.,
1.5
66.7
0.2
0.9
0.7
I. 2
,.o
Wec:hanics not othe,...ise specified
2.)
2.6
Pa in ters , glaziers, entnelers, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and cnent finishers
Plunibers .and ;as and lt~ma rltters
Roofers and slaters
2.9
).)
0.2
0.2
0.9
t.O
Iron and steel, 1MChlnery, etc. lndu1triul
15.7
o.,
1.0
Operatives
Building 1industry
Oiemical and al I ied industries'
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay. lass, and stone industrlesD
Clothing industrlesh
food and allied industrles 1
100.0
1.0
0.2
).5
Sho.,..kers end cobblers lnot in factory)
Ski lied ,rorkers In prlntingd
Skilled workers not else'M"lere clnslflld•
Structural iron workers
Tailors and t ■ i loresses
finsmi ths and copper1t11i ths
100.0
,.9
Fore,aen and o,.,erseers (1Mnufecturlng)
Furnacenen, 9:'81 teffllen, heaters. and puddlers
litac:hinists, 1111 I l'lfrtghts, toolr111kers, and die aetttrs
Managers and officials l,uinufaetvrlnq) and MMufactureni
o.,
)
).7
Fishing and forHtryb
Bakers
tiU.LE
89
o.,
Extraction of "1neralsc
Maf'\Ufacturi na and mechanical industries
F0.4LE
)).)
0.2
o.,
0.)
1.8
0.6
o.,
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
O.)
0.2
I.I
2. I
0.)
1.9
J.•
0.5
o.,
1.1
).9
2.2
2.1
0,7
2. 7
Metal industries, except iron and stHlk
leather lndustrles 1
lumber and furniture lndus trie,a
Paper , printing, and all led ln~strles"
Tut i le industries0
Other manufacturing and not apec:i fied Industries."
2.)
laborers
Building, general, and not specified industries
Chetatcal and al I led Industries'
Cloy, glass, and stone Industries"'
food and a\1 led indu1trles 1
Iron and steel, "'8.chlnery, etc. industrle.al
lunlber and fumi ture Industries"
Other manufacturing industrles4
TrMsportation and cOfflllnicatlon
Water tr4ftsportation ls,o.l
longshorenien and stevedores
Sal I ors, deckhands, and boattl'll!ln
).6
0.5
o. 2
0.5
0.2
1.2
2.)
1.,
2.1
2.2
26.5
2.2
1.2
0.9
1.,
5.)
1.0
6.1
1.2
).9
,.5
0.3
o.,
o.,
1.0
Road and Str'ft't transportation I a,o, I
°'4uffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Drapen and teanisters
Ga rave I abore:rl
Laborers for truck, transfer. end cab COl'IIC)anlc5, and hostlers
laborers, road and street
Railroad transportation l•.o. t
Baggege11en. freight agents, ticket and station agents
Boller waW\ers and engine hostlers
BrakeNn lsteen railroad)
o. 2
2.,
Digitized by
2.8
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J:EW.ALE
I
100.0
APPENDIX C
1,-u ■ [M,l0TE0
Toblo
197
IOA1[05 0• A[ll[r MAY 193• CllSsrrrco BY
occu,n,o•.
OAC[, uo SEX, uo All
c•11•u110111["5 ,. GE•£All PO,ULUI0I 19)0 Cll551'1[0 BY 0CCUPHI0I,•
W,UQt•[TT[. W ICH IG,U-Co11 It
.11 ■ •d
lill(l1e,
OCO,aTIQlt
C9'5U5
fOTAI,,
Tran,oorl•l•on
~ ca--,r11cat1on
....
•UT(
10,0
'IOUI.
.....
•e.110 •D :JTNER
ffWAl(
111•LE
FEVALE
fcont1nu«1l
~adrr:,.o trlf!,oorlat10t1 1 •. o, 1 (cont,,.uedl
Cor.dv("tnr, 1st.,... ~ 1trNt radroet11I and bus conductors
0.1
2.6
0.2
1.6
0.2
1.5
0,1
3.~
0.1
T.,l~OI'~ an-, 1ele-q,..,.. "1...-.n
0.2
0.3
T"l~q,,.pt, . . ,w-n9•r•
T•leqrao,., ,ard r-1<110 operators
Tel.,pt,o,... operators
o.•
0.3
0.2
0.2
ror~" ard aw•rw~r,
lAbor.-rs
locO""Ol•we t'"'9•~r1
lx.,.....t,.,a f1r ... n
lilot,,....n
S.,
lCP'Pllrfl.
'1 ! I ~ . ltld ,.,.,_,,
hor•11. c,o-tf, r.tc110. tel-,t!O"e, 11nd' te-l~r.,pt, le.0.1
[aor"" '9'"'11. e-orNl" ..-.1en9•r1, aM rail•, ,.,1 clerks
Ma, I carr1•r1
1.9
0.2
1.1
0.2
I.I
I.I
Ot'-r tl"'Jll'l1oertat,.,,. and co••111,m,cat•on purw,11
I nwec tora
L1r>orer1
Propr,etort ilfld --.n14ers'
Ot~er occup,et ,on,•
fr ate
""1verti1i"9 •q~ll
eoi-.rc111\ tro1wel•"
0,.,1,.,.,...,~
0.2
0.~
9.•
9.1
0.2
0.5
10, I
0,3
2.0
0.1
1.J
I.I
0.7
0.2
0. 7
0.2
JJ,J
r100, .. l1r.er1, fo,-.,..,n, ,nc, ,ns11«tors
ln~ranu Mid rNI estate -19erill, ..,,,.~us. and offic,ala
Labor•,., I ir.c:1\Ms PO"t•r1 1n 1torHJ
Nf"'a-,t,o,;-t
P,.,x:i,,etors l••c•t retail dealer1Jt
Att-1, I
I, 2
t.•
3.6
0,7
1.6
9.0
0.6
1.3
1.1
0. I
0.2
1.7
0.2
0. 2
•.s
a,l'lod tetcher~ of '!IJSIC
0.J
o.~
0. ~
0.2
"1<Jinffrl
0.3
0.3
:,oe,.I er,
\.llttf'llf'nM'tds.lle~
Otti•r Pur~,u in tr~"
Pwtil
1c serv,ce
P,.0,.-11,0,,el Hr"ViCe
&clor,
,1,ld , ~
Arc"•lKtS, desu:,ne-r,. dr111ft~. JJnd 1nventor1
Art,st,, v.ulotors, •no ltllc.riers of art
llu,ii:,.,,,
Tea,ct,er1
flJ(t-n,etl
ts"
S.,.q,rote,110,..,11\ P\Jt"'\u,ts•
Atter.<Jent, and ~-elpers
and personal Mrv•ce
8,a,.t,e,s, ,.a,ntre~,.,,,, iv1d "'an,cur,,11
e<Mlrd,,..q •nd lodq•nq house i.@f'oer,
Soot~1 ..
,1o.,
("1,,~
I.I
O.!
r , . , ~ t'll.1r,~
Ot~r orofe1'1o~l pursu1
Cbiiestic
...
33,3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
9.0
0. 3
0. I
0.1
2.6
0,3
•
2.3
I.I
49.5
100.0
I.I
o.?
Md cle,.,...,,
[I ha tor tenders
2.3
0.J
Hotel •no::i re1.tAUr.11"t lirf1!'41l'Oer1 •rod "'ln5Ql!f'I
Hous.!!lo.@,e,ou1 1nd stewi1rds
lsbo,,.,.,
0.1
o.•
0.3
I.I
1.!
•.s
I.I
L.tundertrs and laundroe11e1 (not in l~nrtryl
0.2
Laul"d') arwj dry cll!an,r>q r-er,, "'41\llqers, and opi!tratives
P,,,t..,,, lt"•ce-ot ,n 1tor~sl
0,9
o.•
Pr11etic,.1 riur\tl
0.8
5.3
0.3
o. 2
1.0
0.2
0.2
6,2
0. 2
0.?
2.1
1.9
•.5
1.8
1.8
0. 2
12.4
... , ,.,.
~,wants
Ott-.er ~rs.,,its•
Cler,ctl occuoat,ons
Aqents, collectors, !ind cn•1it ""l!'n
Book•N-oe-r-s, c11~ •trs, •vvj ,ccount,.r,ts
Clerlirs not ~IH--.t'~r.- cla,sifif!'d
Vt'\Hrqer. errar-.d, al'ld office b~s and Qirls
Slt'f,ogr•ote-r1 ¥Id ltoists
2.•
...
5.6
31.6
I.I
100,0
18.0
I.I
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
198
Table 1)-UNEMPLOYEO IIORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 11)1 CLASSIFIED 8Y occu,ATION, RACE, AND SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL IIORKERS IN GENERAL P0'ULATION lt,0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
MILWAUKEE, •ISCONSIN
cosus
OCCuPATl()N
Total 'IIOrkers report lng :
~~~t
AGriculture
Farl'era (owners
nd tenant&) &nCI far"llt ~ . . - 1
Fam laborers
Fl sl\ lng a,-, forestry•
19)0
TOTAL
254 ,337
100.0
21,042
100.0
16,713
100.0
o.,
2.3
0.8
1.5
2.3
0.1
1.9
0.6
0.)
1.3
0.1
1. 7
0.1
0.1
•6.3
0.6
56.9
o.,
o.,
0.l
0. 5
0.5
0.1
2.l
0.5
0.5
0.2
2.,
0.6
,.1
0.1
1.0
I.I
0.9
5.1
Flre,i,en (except locot1110tlve and fir• departt11tnl)
2. 2
0.5
0.9
1.0
0,3
foreit11n and ovel"seers l.,,uf&eturlng}
FurnacMien, s,,,,eltermen, heaters, and l)Udd1era
W.Xhinhts, i,i I lwr i g~U. toolrMken, and die setters
"8Mgers and offlcit1ls 11111.nufacturlngJ and N.nufactuf"!rl
Mechanics not otherwise specified
1.,
0.1
,.2
1.5
l.6
0.6
0.2
2.9
0.2
2.2
o. 7
Palntera, glaz iers, enameler,, etc.
1.8
,.6
Paper hlingera
Plasterers and cenitnt finishers
0.)
1,8
0. 7
1.,
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.9
0.)
0.3
Extr1Ctl011 of 1t1 lneralr'
M•.r11.1facturlng and lflllChan i ca1 lndustriea
Bakers
Black•iths. fon.i~n. and h.,_nrien
Boi lem&kers
Briclt and stone -.sons and tile layers
Bui Id ing contr.tetors
Carpenters
Dr-esSMkers, seautreases, and 11il 1 iners
[lec.tricla,,s
Eng ineers (1tatlon."lry) , crane.n, etc.
:~~:sa:1sf!:e~
steani fitters
Sha.1aker1 and c.obbhrs !not In factory)
Slcilled workers In prlntin,i'
Sk i I led workers not el sf'Where cl anlf ltd9
Structural Iron workers
Tailors and ulloressea
Tlnsralths and copperr.i:i tt-is
Operatives
Build i ng Industry
CM'l\ical end el 1 ied lndu1trl11'
Cigar and tobacco rac.tor les
Clay, glass, and s tone lndustries9
Clothing lndustriesh
F'ood a·nc:1 al I ied lndustrles 1
Iron and steel, ,echinery, etc. lndustrlesJ
t.A&UI industries, exc.ept iron and steel"
leather lndustries 1
Ll.l"lber and furnlturt lndustrleSPaper , printing , and allied lrdustrlea"
Textile induatries0
Other Mnuf&:ti,ring and not speci fled lndustrles.P
Laborers
Bui ldtng, general, and not speci rfed Industries
Chem ical and all led Industries'
Clay, glass, and stone industries;
Food and al I led industrles 1
Iron and steel, ,uchlnery, etc. lnduUrlesJ
Luntier and furniture industries"
Other manufacturinv lndustrlesq
Transportation and COlffll.lnl,ation
Water transportation h.0.1
LOf'QShoremen Md stevedo,.H
Sailors, deckhands, and boat.men
Road and street transporta t ion 1s.o, I
ChAJJffeurs and truc k and tractor drivers
Ora)'l"flltn ard teamsters
Garage hbor-ers
Laborers for truck, transfer, and cab c~anies, and hostlers
Laborers, road and st reel
Railroad transpor ation , •• 0.1
Baegage.-nen. fre i ght agents, tic.kel NM1 station 1J9ents
Boller .-ashers and englr-e hostlers
Brakemen lsteiwn railrOddJ
o.,
o.,
.
2. 2
-
,.o
62.5
52.5
0.8
0.8
10.0
1. 7
,.o
0.8
) .6
5.5
).3
0.6
2.2
1.6
0.4
0.3
0.5
,. 7
0.3
0.1
1.3
0.5
0.2
0.5
I .I
1.8
3, 8
0.3
?.5
0. 5
0.6
1.8
7.1
0.4
2.6
0.6
1.0
1.2
8.2
,.,
).1
0.5
0.5
0,1
0.6
0.5
1.4
7.5
0.3
0 .)
,.9
4. )
0.8
0.8
0.)
).2
3.2
7.1
3.5
,.2
0,)
o.,
0.1
0.4
o.,
2. 7
0.1
1.8
1.9
0.1
1.9
0.1
0.J
o.,
7.8
12. 7
13. 7
0.1
•
0,1
2.1
0.2
J.1
0.1
0.4
'· 7
0.5
0.3
0. 1
2.J
5.6
0.6
0.2
0.1
2.4
0.1
•
0.1
•
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
2,0
0.8
2.5
2.0
5. 9
2.5
1. 7
5. 0
l. 7
2.6
0.J
0.8
0.3
2.)
0.6
o.,
0.8
1. 7
o.,
2.,
0.J
Digitized by
)2.5
0.3
2.,
o.,
.
0.8
0.8
o.,
0,2
0. 2
1.2
1.0
.
'50
100.0
o.8
o.,
0.1
2.,
1,080
100.0
0. J
o. 2
0.3
1.0
1. 9
2,799
100.0
I. 2
1.3
1.1
0.1
0.5
0.5
o.,
NEGRO ,UO OTHER
ill'HITE
TOTAL
1. 7
8.•
0 .8
•-8
0.8
5.0
3-•
0.8
5.9
0.8
2,5
Google
2.0
199
APPBNDII C
Tobie 1)-UNEWPLOYED WO.,ERS
o•
RELIEF"" 19)• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION. RACE. AkD SEX. lNO ALL
GAIHfUl W()RKlqS IN ~£"£'1Al POPULA.TION 19)0 CLASS!F"ICO BY OCCUPATION,•
WI LIAL' K([. WI SCClilSI N-CoUUu•d
OCOJll'ATIOII
10,0
TOTAL
Trll'IUOrt•t i on .,W: c~.,,cal •cn l(Of'lt,n\H!tdl
Jh1ilro.O traMportatio,, 1e.o.J fcmt ; l"l,1.-dl
COMuclor, lste.!Jnl ,nd strNt rei 11"'0-ldsl 1"\d bus condwc.tors
0.2
0.1
0.6
LocOl"'Ot,ve ..,qinNrs
lOCOIIIOliv• fi,__.n
0.J
lloto,,..,,
0.J
0.J
S.1 tchiae,, 0 f l ~ . end y•,._,
UOress , l)Ost, radio, teleof'ionc, Ind tel9grllC)h I Lo. I
Express agents, •.qirn1 ,,..u.,gers, and r•il ..,- • i i cleA.1
..._i I
carrier,
0.1
.•
D.9
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.1
D. 7
0.1
0.2
0. )
0.3
o.,
0. 1
0.1
0. 8
0.7
0. 1
0.1
0.2
o.,
0.1
o.,
0.J
0.5
Other occypetiona•
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.J
0.5
0.5
Advertis i ng egentt
travel ert
1' . B
0.2
0. 6
Tall!l)h~ Ind lll(t9rapt, l1n...-.
Tel~ra:,h . . ue,i~r•
f•le<9raoh ~ raoio ~reiors
Tel~°"• operators
Other
trenac:,ort ■ tion
Proorretors w,d ~WLagl"rs'
,,_
eo-.n: i el
Celi•er,-.,
nao,...I llers , fora-en ,
aw,ct in,occtors
ll'll11,1rance and re.I Ht1te 19e,,1s, 111Ct,naeer1. Af'ld offit i eh
-··
l1DOrer1
I il'ltludes
0.1
end co,....,,11cat1on purauiu
F'or.-en aftd overs"''
lnsoectors
Laborer•
porters in 1torea)
'roor1etors (except retei I deal arsJt
Retai I dNler1
Sale~ and 111,,.,..,..
Other pursuits in trade"'
1.7
O. I
0.2
.
.
7.)
6.8
12.5
-
O.J
-
-
0.9
0. 1
1. 2
0.2
0.J
0.J
0.5
0.7
0.2
0.8
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.8
o. 2
0.2
1.1
1.B
0.2
3.5
).J
2.5
0.)
J.0
0.3
Pvt,lic Nrvice
2.0
0.9
1.0
0.8
Prof"sion•I urvi te
Actors and ll'lo-ien
Ard1it«t1 . designers, draft...,,, ~M it1.,.,,tor1
Art,1ts, sculptors. and teacr.e..-1 of trt
IAusicfa,,1 -.c1 tNChers of Nusit
T.achr1
6. 7
0.1
0. 1
0. 2
2.,
2.,
I. 7
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.1
1.6
•
C-.1tic N person,al N~ice
0.rbers, hairdrnNrs, ._, ~ic1,11r i 1t1
8D.lrdi119 atld lodging hot,,H keeper1
o.,
0.6
O.•
0.2
0.J
0.1
0.6
0.2
o.,
B.8
0.8
10.B
4.J
0.5
0.2
0.J
0.1
0.6
I. 7
lootbl ackt
o.,
o.,
o.e
0. 2
0.2
0.2
Hotel Md r"taMrant k~r• ar'ld _,..aten
HDuMk..... rl and . . . . ,,,.
Jani tori and 1hton1
Laorer1
Leunderen Md I aundrnsn- l not in I awndry)
o.•
0. 5
0.2
0.)
o. 7
o. 7
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.2
L&1nclry Md dry clNning o-,ers. M1neger1. end operetlYN
P'Drters lexcept in Uoresl
Prac ti ca.I n111rHS
Servenu
.. itera
Other ourtui u•
0.B
1.1
cluner ■
tliNator tenden
Cleric.al occupations
'9ent1, col l«tors, .wt cred i t ..,,
ID,oli;k. . era, cashiers. s\d eceo11t1taAU
Clerks not elwahere cl au.tied
llesae,nqer. errat'ld. and off i ce tDys and 9i rlt
St11"109rac,her1 Md 1yp1 Ill
0.1
0.2
2.9
0.9
0.1
lJ .0
0.6
2. 5
6.8
0.2
2.9
..1.,,
0.6
0.)
•
4.0
0.)
1.7
2.0
0.)
0.)
1.4
)7.6
0.6
1.0
2.0
15.9
16.0
0.9
2.0
3.9
0.)
10.0
0.9
0.3
1. 7
2.0
1.0
o.s
4.0
0.6
0.1
3.2
0.1
0.8
0.1
1.6
21.S
4.2
D.B
e.o
10.J
o.e
,.o
0.8
,.o
10.0
O.B
50.0
0.1
5.)
4. 7
0.1
o. 7
J. 7
0.2
0.6
). 7
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.6
0.1
0. 5
0.2
Chi,..,,.., and
2.0
4.0
11.J
M
o.•
0.2
0.5
0.J
e.o·
O.B
o. 5
fethftic.al en9in•ra
fraif\NnurH1
Other orofHtiottal pur-sul u•
S.,.iprofntionel pur,u, ta"
AttandMIU and helpers
6. 5
1.7
o.e
0. 6
0. 7
1.0
o.,
,.a
1.6
J.9
0.)
•.s
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
200
Table 13-u•r•PLOYEO #ORHRS o• RELIEF WAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RAC[, AMO SEX. AND ALL
GAINFUL •ORl<[RS
IN G[N[Pll POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED SY OCCUPATION.•
WINNEAPOLIS, Wl . . [SDfA
RELi EF 19}4
cu,sus
19)0
OCCUPATIOH
.......,
Tol•I
Percent
Agncul lure
Fa,,.ra (
ners and tenants) and fa m
-.na
ra
Fam I bore rs
F'ishlng aNj rorntry•
Extraction of ,.inaralsc
WianufKtur Ing and 111Khanical 1ndus tr le1
Rehn
Bl.ck ilhl, forg
n, and
men
llo l h""""•l"I
llrlck and stone.,.,,. and tile layer6
&.ttldil"I? contractors
C..rpente1 i.
0ree1111kers, se... t,uae.a, and ai 11 lne r a
(1 eel r Ic Ians
EnglnHl"S lt tationaryl, c raneaen, etc.
Fir-.n (e,iceo t l°'cnotl'+'e Mid fire departnrtnt)
F'ortr11en and oversHra f...,,ufacturlnsiJ
F\,rnac..,.,, 11111:I te~n. heater6, and puddl era
W.Chlni 1l1, 1111 l•rlghts. tooh•.k.,.1. and die Hllen
Mana91r1 and officials (aa.nuf~turlnd and illlianufacturer-s
,lilechan lu not other•lae spec, fled
Paint•~. glu ie rs, .,...iers, etc.
Paper hangers
Pluterers and c
nt f_lnlsti.r1
Pli.nblrs Mid gas nd steMI flllera
Roofer1 al"d s later1
ShootMQrs and cobbler• lrot In factory)
Skilled 110rkers in prlntlngd
Slicl11ed fllOrkers not elae*here clualfled•
Structural l ron
rkera
'l'OUL
TOTAL
211,928
17,297
13,517
100.0
0.9
0.1
0.8
0.1
100.0
). 7
1.2
2.5
1.0
100.0
3,171
100.0
100.0
•.5
0.2
5.1
1.5
).0
0.2
5.1
21.0
0.5
2). 7
0.1
0.2
o.,
42. 7
4R.8
0.3
o.e
0.8
0.2
0. 9
0.2
o. 7
0.8
o.,
2.0
) .6
D. 7
0.8
0.2
0,6
0.5
1.0
0.4
0. 7
0.2
1.7
I. 7
I. 7
o.e
1.2
0.2
•.5
0.2
0.1
2. 1
0.2
2.9
1. 7
•. 5
5. 7
0.2
1. 7
0.)
0.5
0.1
1.4
1,4
I. 7
0.4
1.8
I. 7
0. 4
0.2
0.9
0.2
o. 7
0.2
I,)
2.4
J.D
nd CODHr11111 thl
D. )
&!tiding l nd~try
Chellcal and a1111d fnddtrles'
Ciga r and tobacco factories
Clat, glasa . and stone lndustrleaf
Clothing lndu1trles 11
food ard allied 1ndustria1 1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.2
1.0
Iron al"d steel, Nchi,wry, ate. lnduatrluJ
Metal Indus trias, e.xcept iron and steel"
Leather lndustr1es 1
L.-ber and furniture lndustr la1•
Paper, printing, Md allied lndultria"
laatilt industriu0
1. 2
0.1
0.2
0.5
0,4
0.8
2,4
0.2
2.9
0.2
Other 1111nufacturlng and rot 1p,telfled industries'
T1fllffli ths
7. I
1.7
0.1
2.0
0.5
0.2
0.2
Tall ors and tai lorn.es
2.9
0.8
1. )
0. 6
0.3
0.2
0.1
o.,
17.8
).5
0.2
2.)
2.0
I
100.0
1.)
)0.0
0.4
0.1
0.)
0, 4
41)
D.2
o. 7
I. 7
0.1
D.)
Operatives
0.1
0.1
o.,
0.)
].4
0.3
2.D
1,4
0.3
o.,
o.e
o.,
1.8
1.2
0,8
0.5
2.0
1.4
2.4
).6
).6
6.0
4.9
5,1
0.4
0.4
2.0
2. 0
I,)
Laborers
Building, general. a.nd rot 1p,ec:lfltd i l"duatnes
Che,,ica.t and al 1 iad i ndustrlea'
Clay, glasa, and 1ton1 lnoJstrla
F'ood and all iad ,nctustries 1
Iron and 1tul, t1t11Chinery, etc. lndustriesJ
Lurroer and furniture Industries•
Other ,,.r-.,facturlng lndus trieaq
TranaPortat Ion and cormunlcatlon
-.ter trarwportatlon ta.o,J
2.)
•.9
0.1
0.1
0.5
o. 7
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.4
0.2
0. 4
0.5
0. 2
0.5
9. 5
14,8
17.)
2.2
5.5
0.6
0.2
6.6
Q. 8
o.,
0. 1
0.5
I.)
1.4
0. 2
0.6
0.1
0. 1
0. 7
o.,
6. 7
8.1
0. 2
0.1
o.,
I. 7
0,2
3.1
)0.5
Longshorenien am stevedores
Sailors, deckhands, af\d bou....,
Road and street transportat ion , .. o.t
Chai.,ffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
On,~n and teM1Stet"$
Garoge laborers
Le.bor ers for truc.k, transfer, .ind cab cOfl'C)anies, and hostlers
Laborers, road and street
Ra l I roM t ransPo rt at Ion ta.0.1
&;gagmen. fre ight agentt, t ldit t Mid station agents
Bo i ler ..a.shen •~ engine hostlers
Brakemen (atean railroad}
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.5
0. 1
0.1
0.2
.
Digitized by
1). 5
I. 7
5.1
).4
Google
201
APPENDIX C
To•lo I)-UNEMP\.OYEO •OPKfRS ON RELIEF WAY 193• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION , RACE, UO SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CL•SSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
YIU[APOLIS,
WINN[SOTA-CoUt ■ ••d
OCCUI' AT t 0111
,....
YOTAI.
Cord1.1Ctor1 lsteWII and street rai I roads) and btn conductors
0.5
For...,. and owrseer.,t,
Llbor•ra
0.2
0.2
0.2
2.5
r, •....,rutio"
•nv• ,_,,
locOIIIOlive f t r ~
,....,,_
1.0
o.,
0.2
0. 3
S- i lc.tw.ft, flalJlll91'1, and yar•n
[xprns, poat, radio, telephone, and tele9raph ILo,t
[JIP,..H aei-nts, e,rpres, wsserqef"'I, .,,ct ra i lqy ,..i) clerks
lllail c.arriers
Telephone and tel•qrac,t, 1 in...-et'I
Teler;rac,t\ ~ttngers
Ttle,graph and radio operators
Telephora operators
o.,
o.z
0.3
0. 2
0.1
o.z
0. 7
Othtr 1,-nsc,,ortation and COfllllJnication pur1uill
For-n and &,,er... ,a
lfllOICtora
FEMALE
MAI.£
FEMALE
Propr i etor1 and ,_nagera'
Ott.r occupations•
0.5
0.3
19.6
0.3
.t.dwerti1ing agents
C...rcial traveler,
0.1 i-..')'atn
FloorwaH1.1rr1, fo,.,.n, and insi»etors
,,.ur11t1t• Md real ntate a9911t1, man.gers, and officiali
-,·
Ubonrs (includes porters in stornl
Proprietors (e,cceot retai1 dulerslt
llttai I dealers
Sal.....,. and sale..,..n
Ottwr purauill in tradeu
Nrvice
,roteuio,.1 aervice
Actors and
Architecu, desig,.rs, draft!IWn, and inventors
•rtisu. 1culptors, and teachers of art
,,.,_.n
.
0. 2
0.2
0.1
0,6
o.z
o.,
o.,
1.0
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
3.1
0.1
0.1
,,_
0. I
0.)
0,3
0.0
o.z
0.2
3. I
o.z
l.aboter1
,-,.1 ic
M~E
and co,nunication (continuNI
Railroad trartsc,artation ra,o.t (continued)
l,ocolat i,,-•
•E&flD MD OTHER
-.tlTE
YOUL
1.2
0• •
0.3
1.7
o.z
0.3
0.3
o.,
12.8
12 . 7
0.1
I.I
0.9
o.•
o. 7
0.9
I.Z
0.2
1.5
3.6
8.9
0.1
0.2
1.Z
.
l.J
I. I
1.,
o.,
...
0.6
•.0
1.9
0.8
1.0
9.0
0.2
0.4
0.3
2.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
2.5
0.2
0.3
0.2
o.,
0.1
Techftic.al engineert
Tra i rad nurses
Ott.er prof11t1sio~I pursui u"
S.-ipmfessional pursuits•
Atttrclanu and he I pers
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.3
0. 3
o. 7
O.•
0.2
5.9
•3. I
I.I
0.5
0.9
1.0
0. 7
o.z
0.5
..
I. 7
I. 7
3.6
0.4
0.2
0, I
0.5
1.3
0.2
1.7
0.3
J.6
J.6
1.7
0.1
la,ndt')' and dry c.1Nt1ing oaner1, 111anA9t"r1, and operatives
1.2
1.2
0.5
0. 2
1.3
•
16.1
0.8
3.6
1.,
0.3
,.o
67.9
2.2
0.1
5. 0
28.8
o.•
0.1
0. 3
3,5
0.2
1.0
o.,
I, 7
Q.2
0.2
0.8
o.z
I. 7
0. 2
I.I
1'.0
0.5
0.6
I.I
,., rooallOtH ••• ,. HZ.
7.1
12.8
Hotel ard rHtaurant li.Hpers and IIWlN.gll'r1
Hth•lekeepers and ste.rrards
Jani tors and aextons
Laborers
Laundlrer1 and laundresses (not in laundry)
illgenta, collectors, and credit 1111n
BooltkNpera. cashiers, and accountent s
Clerks rot elsewhere cl11ssified
MtsMfl94tr, errand, and office boys and girla
Steqraphers and typists
J.6
0.4
0.1
0.5
o.z
Cleric.al occupations
o. 7
12.s
0.1
2.6
o. 7
0,4
0.3
Othtr ourS1.1it1•
6.8
0.9
o.,
Strvantl
Wai,.,.
-
0.2
0.3
Pr'ai:t ical nurses
I. 7
•
1.9
Porters le,ic.pt in stores)
•
o. 1
o. 7
•rbera, hairdressers, and manicuriall
floardi n; an:I lodging house keepers
Boo\blacli,1
Cher. . . n and cleaners
Cl ewator tenders
).6
0.8
Ww i cial'II and teachers of ra.is ic
Te.ctwr1
~ t i c and personAI ser'lice
8.5
0. 2
o.•
6.1
0.8
1,3
1'.l
o.,
o.•
0.5
6.7
.
•••
I. 7
2•.5
8.5
5.1
I. 7
o.s
3.5
10. I
1.6
50.0
0.1
5. 7
0.3
O.•
,.2
0.2
1.•
1. 7
O.J
1.,
1.3
3.6
2.0
1.2
).8
0.1
0.2
!6.1
0.2
2.2
s. 7
I.I
6.9
3.6
]33066 0-37--16
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORIERS ON RELIEF
202
Tablo 1)-UNEMPLOTED WORKERS 01 RELIEF IIU tt,4 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPlTIOI, RlCE, llD SEX, llD lll
GAIIFUL •0t1KERS II GE ■ERll l'OPIJLATIOI 19)0 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPllT1D1,•
MIIOT , IORTH DUOTl
RELIEF Hl1'
CtnUS
OCCUPATIO.
-·
Tote 1 worbrs report Ing:
Percent
A9rlcu lture
Fa,...rs lowner1 and tenants)
F'a,. laborers
and
fan1 n11nagera
Fishing and forestry'
Extract ion of
■ lneral
r
Manufacturing and -«hanlcal Industries
&ken
Blaclt .. lths. fo,v.,.n, and hlone..,..n
Bolle,..lten
Brick and stone 11r11sons and ti le layers
Building contractors
Carpenters
1, and ■ 111 lnera
DrealnilMat"I, NM1lre
Electrlclena
tngl,..rs (stationery). cranenen, ate.
Flr9111n (e,cept locomotive and f ire d parlJllllntJ
Fo,...,. and OYtrteers f•nufacturlng)
FurneceiNn, ... , ta,-,,, haters, and pu~ltrs
tMch l nlaU, •1111ff"lghl1 tool1Nkers, and die aettara
llanaget"I and officials (aanufact1.1rlngJ Md •nufacturara
Mtchanlcs not othenrlM apecif ied
0
Palnttf"I, glazlera, .,...ten. etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and ceiMnt finishers
Pll.ftbers and gas and steata fitter•
Roofers and slaters
Sho.llkers and cobblers !not In factory)
Skilled workers in pr l ntlngd
Skilled worker, not elaewhere claHlfl~
Stn,c;tural Iron worlten
Tailor• and tallornu1
Tl nnhh1 and Cetppef"llll ths
Operatives
19)0
"f,LE
FEMALE
......
525
100.0
,01
100. 0
119
100.0
2
100.0
1,.1
18.l
TOTAL
TOTAi.
1
5. 7
1.,
8.4
0.2
1.•
10. 7
0.2
1. 7
lji,5
29.9
0.2
o.,
0.2
0.7
6.1
1.)
o.,
0.5
0.2
o.,
-
l.9
1.9
l.3
0.6
0,4
o. 7
0,6
-
o.e
1.0
0.8
1. 7
--0.5
Iron and ltNl. IIIIIChlntry. etc. industrlesJ
Metal lndu1t rln, exceot iron and stNI•
Luther lndvatries 1
L.,,nber and fvrn l ture indu1tr ie ..
Paper, pt"lntlng, and al I led lnduatries,.
Textile lndustriea0
Other fMl'IUfacturlng and not apeclfled l ndustr luP
o.e
O.B
laborers
Building. general. and not specified Industries
C-iul rd al I led industriu 1
Clay, glus, and stone Industries"
Food and al I led indu1trles 1
Iron and SlNl, Nchlnery, etc. lndustrl e.,J
linber and furniture lndustrleSOther manufactur ing industrluq
Transportation Ind cc:im,unlcation
Water transportat ,...,. u.o. 1
Longshor'""n ana stevedores
Sallon, deckhands , and boet,aen
Road and street transportat Ion 1• · •· 1
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Ora)"l'en and teMlSters
Garage I aborera
Laborers for truck, transfer, andcab ccnpanle,, and hostlers
LI.borers, road am street
Railroad transportation 1•.o. t
S.99-n, freight agents. ticket and station agents
8o11er ••hers nd en;ine hostler•
8,ok-n (st.,.. ,ol 1n>ad)
50.0
50.0
-----
15.1
0.8
--7.9
- 5.90.5
0. 7
0.2
0.2
0.8
2.5
-2.5
I. 7
-1.0
-0.8
- - -0.5
0,8
-- --
0.2
-0.2
-
0.5
0.2
Sul I ding l ndu1t,y
Chafllc.al and all led 1Mustrles1
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glus, and stone l ndu1tr 1H9
Cloth i ng lndu1trlest1
Food and all led lndu1tr1H 1
N(QIO ANO OJ1,1ER
1141Tt
-
-
-
-
-----
-
-
----
-
-0.9
-
5.9
---
-
0. 2
--
4.1
0.2
5.2
0.2
0.8
-
0.5
-
0.2
0.5
0.2
----
---
2).6
)0.2
o.e
50,0
0.2
0.2
-
--
-
12.,
0.9
-
o.,0.4
-
9.7
1.7
0.2
2.1
-
0.2
1.9
Digitized by
2.2
-
2.5
-
o.,
-
-
0.2
2.5
-
-
-
-
50.0
-
--
Google
=I
FOMLE
-
--
-
--------------
2:>3
APPENDIX C
'"~·- u-uallPLOY[O - • u s 01 RELIEF IIU • .,. ClASSIFl[O a, OCCUPUION, RACE, UD SU, AID 4ll
lalNFUL -•US 11 ,ENENU POl'ULATIOI lt)O CLASSIFl£0 IY OCCUP-1101,•
IIII0T, IOIITH 11.U0TA -coauued
CIJISUS
19JO
TOTAi.
OCCUN,TIOII
■Et.llU
-·
T0T4L
r,.,._rtatlOfl Md co-unicatlon lcontif'Utd)
.. 11 raM t t'llftllPOt'lat ion c•· o.
C,o,ldl,ctorw
,.,...,. Mid
i nuecU
rai lroect1) and tllu1 COfldYCtor1
1 (cont
1,t. .
ow.,..and
,. 1trNt
--.... -.....
.........._
.
i..c-,......,_,.
,.,_. "-· .... ,_
~n
1.oc-1 .. f l , -
radio. tel.,._.., Md t•l ..
c,.,,_ -11. _,_ __., w
'-·'"'·
••• carrlera
,.,,
,.,.. ,,_
raph ••·•· 1
rall•1 • i i clorb
Tel ..,..., Ml redlo _,.,.,.
lftlPKtora
~
,...,, ....,. and _ , . ,
Other _ _ ,,_.
,,_
Adwe,tlal"t ...... •
C-l'<lel ,,...1.,.
Otll-Fl-Ille,_, ,.,._, 1-ldrl
, ...~ Md ,.., - - · ...-,1,................ offlclal1
=•,.
,.,-- . , -
._..,. ,, ..,_ port.,. .••,_,
I - retell dNl.,.I'
llotall dNlera
-
Ot ... ...... , .... ,,_.
Mlle NNlce
_
d,.,,...,.,
An:hltecU. dffl1•ra.
Md Jnwentor11
aculptOf'I, and teacher, of art
IINICIMI .... teacher• of . . ic
,_...,.
,,,.,....,,....., ..,.,_n
OUwr profeNIOfllll Pll""1t1•
Mid _,.fcuri1U
...nll"t _,,. l.ilglng -
._,.
--lack,
0.,...... lftd cl..,,.ra
£lw1tor t.,.r,
N!tt ■ I
Md rNtaurant k.-pers Md .,..._,..
,t... rd ■
JMltot"I Ind NxlON
lAllo,.r,
LaUl'ldlrer-a and IMndl'ffNI (not in laundry,
LAundry end dr, clNning omer■,
l'or1en (eceot In 1tore1)
_,..rt, end operat lvn
,,..ectlul nu, ...
S.rvat1U
Wlllt•t'A
Other pur'IUit1•
Clerical occ11patlON
.ligltnl.1, col lector1. MIi cradlt -,.
look.Ii:..,.,.., cashiers,
o.e
-
o.,-
-
0.2
o.z
o ••
o.,
0.5
--
-
0.5
o.z
o.z
o.z
0.8
0. 7
o.z
0.3
o.z
0.7
10.t
10.t
o.e
-
1.0
1.0
0.7
0.Z
o.z
o.,
o.8
o.z
o••
0.8
6.8
0.•
0.7
o.z
0.5
0.7
6.0
0.5
l.l
1.5
3.8
Z.5
-
o ••
0.,
1.0
o.e
-2.5
--o.8
o ••
-
- t i c and , . , _ , NNlce
..........,.,.. and
0.5
0. 7
o.8
0.8
o.z
"'"'llnlf••i-1..,..,,.,.
.... 11.halrdrelMf"■•
2.0
o. 7
) .2
0.7
•11- ■-
..,_,.._
-
-
-
Ot._r traflllt'OrtatlOfl Md coaunlcatlon pu,....1t,
,a,_,. Md over. .ra
Artlat ■,
1.5
0.6
2. 5
-
Tel.....,_ o,eraton
"""-,-·
........... ..,,,,.
1
accountant,
Clerkt not 11...,,.,.. clutified
~ , . errand, and office boys and girh
Md
St"'°9r1Pher1 Md t)'Piat1
15.Z
0.Z
o.z
-
0.2
o.•
o••
1.3
--
\
o.z
---
0.2
8. 5
3.8
0.2
1.3
0.5
0. 3
3.2
0.6
0.2
I. 7
0.•
0.3
Z.5
0.5
-
1.5
0.5
19,.
. . ,Tl
-
•EGAD AND OTHER
,EMAL[
-
------
IIALE
FEMALE
--
----
-
------
---
---
----------1.7
0.1
- -58.1
0.8
0.9
-- -- -- -0. 8
- --I. 7
5. 9
- --3). 8
15. 1
- 5.9
0,8
-0.8
2.6
- --1. 7
-10.t
O.t
--10.0
a.•
--,Z.5
..
Digitized by
-
--
-
--
----
------
------
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
2Qij
193• CLASSIFIED BT OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AID ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED 8T OCCUPATION,•
NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA
Ta-la 1)-UN[WPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF WAT
RELIEF 19l4
COISIS
llllflTE
TOTAL
MALE
Total -orkers repc,r-t Ing:
204,)88
~~l
11)(),0
Agrlcul tur1
F1rwren (a.ners and tenant1J and ,.,.,. . .naigers
FaM laborers
Fishing o\nd forestry'
NBiRO AHD Ol MUI
TOTAL
0.8
0,2
0. 6
0.2
19,229
lDO.O
, ,91A
1.1
2.6
0.1
100.0
0,3
1.,
FEMALE
1,))7
100.0
1.9
0.2
o.,
)4.9
•9.9
0.3
0.7
MALE
FOlALE
8.25)
• .725
IDO.O
11)(),0
2.4
0.)
2.1
o.,
0.)
0.1
Extract ion of •lner'al ,c
0.1
26.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
lllanufac:turing and 11«hMiul Industries
Bakara
Blw:lit.•ilt,s, forgenen, and hatffiel"Nfl
Bot lennekers
Brick end atone 1111.SOftS and t I le layers
Bulldlng contractors
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.3
Carpenters
DrH...._.,. •. ...strelMS, and •illlnen
Electricians
Engl,...rs latatlonar,J. er.,,_....,, etc.
0.2
0.3
2.0
1.2
0.6
1.0
3,5
0.5
o.,
0.5
o.,
fl,_.,. luc.ept loc.010tiv1 Md fire deP1-rtNt1l)
o. 7
29.8
o.,
'1.7
0.2
0.2
2.0
0.1
1.0
0.1
1.,
).6
7.7
0.5
1.6
2.1
1.0
1.9
0.1
0.1
0.9
For_, and OltlrMers (IMfklfac turlng )
Furnac:aaen, ,..lterwen, hNters, and puddlars
o.,
0.2
0. 7
U..hln l1U, •I I 1.,.-lghh, toolNkel"S, and die setters
Wenaeen and offlclah l-..i,ufacturi"9) and 11MUfacturer1
lltechanlcs not otherwise specified
0.8
I.I
1,3
0.)
0.2
0.9
0.9
0. 7
I, 7
0.3
Painters, glaziers, en-.lers, etc.
I.)
2.8
0.1
1. 7
0.9
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.1
6.7
o.,
0,1
Paper '-gers
Plasterers end ceitent flnlaher-s
Pl..-.r, and gas and st•• fitters
Aoofera and slaters
o.,
0,5
0.1
0.2
0.5
0,5
0.1
0.2
0.2
9'ioieialken and cobblers (not In factory)
Skilled workers I" prl"tingd
Ski11td .orkers not else.here c1asslfied•
Structural Iron W10rkers
Tai 1ort and ul lores.ses
Tl"911ll1'1s lll'ld copper•iths
.
Operat Ives
Bulldlng lndustr1
Cheralcal and al 1 led industrletf
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glass, and stone lrdlJstriesll
Clothlrig Industries"
Food and al I led indus tries 1
Iron end stNI, NChil'lery, ate. lndu1trluJ
Metal il'ldustr les, except Iron and steel k
Leather lndutlri11 1
l.&.ll'llber and furniture lndustr-ie.-,
Paper, printing, and all led Industries"
Text 1le industrles0
Other ....nufacturlng and not specified Industries'
0.1
0.5
0.1
1.0
0.9
0,7
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.1
1.0
2.,
0.6
3.6
J.3
0.2
0.8
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.1
1.7
o.,
0.2
0,2
0.2
0.7
0.1
1.6
1.6
o.,
0.)
0.1
0.1
o.,
0,6
2.6
2.3
9.•
,.1
0,9
0,1
2. 7
0.2
0.5
0. 7
o.,
0.2
0.6
2.0
0,3
2.6
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.5
6,2
0. 7
0.)
2.7
0.)
I. I
0.6
1,3
0.8
0. 7
0.6
0. 7
1.•
0.1
0.2
0.)
Food and al tied lndustri 1 1
Iron •N SlNI. NChlriery. etc. lndustriesJ
LUNber and furniture industrie~
Other aanufac:turirig lndustrlesQ
Transportation and camiunication
llilter transport at Ion 1• •o, J
Longshoremen and ste,,edonts
Se.i 1ors, deckhands . and boatllle"
Road and street transportation l•.o.l
Chauffeurs and tn,ck and tractor dr-ivers
I.I
Ora)'l'len and telflllters
Ga.rage 1aborers
Laborers for truck, transfer, alld cab companies, and hostlers
Laborers, road and street
0.5
6.3
0.1
I .)
0.1
I.I
0,3
).I
12.0
1.5
0.)
2.2
0.9
2.0
1.6
2.1
29.3
Railroad transportation is.o.,
Baggage,en, fr'l! ight agents, tidcet and station agents
Boiler washers and engine hostlers
Brak~n (st ... rel ln>ad)
1.,
0,1
0.9
0.9
IJ,8
16,9
16.2
2.,
1.,
),)
0.9
1.9
1.6
,.2
s.,
0,5
0.)
0.3
1.9
o.,
0.9
0.1
0.6
,.1
0.1
0.1
0,1
0,1
0.1
0.1
2.6
0.4
0.2
0.1
0,9
.. .
0.1
0.3
0.9
1.,
I.I
.
Digitized by
2.6
0. 7
0.5
0,)
,..
1.9
0,3
o.,
Laborers
Bu11dlng, general. and not spec.ifitd Industries
0,.1ca1 and al I ied Industries'
Clay. glass, and stone industries9
8.1
Google
o.,
o. 7
o.,
0.1
20!5
APPENDIX C
Ta~lo 1)-UNEMPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 19)• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE. AID SEX, UDALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIUA.-Coolloud
RELIEF 19J.t
CENSU1
19,0
occi,ana.
TOTAi.
NEGRO MD OTHER
atlTE
TOTAL
WALE
FEWALE
MALE
FEMALE
Tran1portat ion Md ca.uni cat ion tcont inu'ld)
Railroad tran1portation 11.0.J !continued)
Conductors late.- and street rai I road1J and bu& conductors
for..en and ower ... rs
Lllboren
l.oeoliot i ve •rio i neert
o.,
Loccaotive fir.en
0.1
1.2
0,2
0.1
Woto,,_n
D.)
o.,
S.itcf'nen, rlagnien, and yartMllft
U:prns. po1t, radio, telephone, and tel99raph 1,.0.1
&press agents, express nieH,er'9er1. and rai 1,..,. ,..j I clerks
Mall carriers
Telephone and telegraph I inei,an
hl19raoh •n(ffl1ers
Telegraph Ind rmio operators
Telephone operators
0.1
0,2
0.1
D.1
0.)
0.6
0.1
0,1
2.5
•
0.1
0.1
o.,
•
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
Other transportation and com.,nication pursuit&
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
f'orlflllef'I and overSNrs
Inspectors
laborers
Proprietors and ~ r • "
Other occup,at iona•
0,)
0.1
0.1
1.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
1.0
-
D.1
5.5
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.9
o.,
-
-
0,1
0.2
-
-
2.1
-
o.,
-
0.6
0.6
0.4
1.2
JA.1
25.1
-
0.1
2.2
0,9
U.)
l6,8
0,1
10.2
0.5
O.B
0.2
1.)
0.1
L9
0.1
0.)
Laborers l inc1UCM1 porters in stornJ
...,.boys
Proprietors (except retail dealersJt
Atui I dealers
I.B
0.2
1.1
o.,
SalHMen and sale,-.n
o.,
6.1
o.,
).)
1.0
1.,
1.,
2.3
0.1
0.2
0,1
o.,
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
0,2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0,2
0.1
0.2
O.)
Trade
ActY.,-t ising agents
eo-.rctal travelers
Deliver,,..,.
Floorw11h.ars, fortlflllft, and inspactors
lr1surat1e1 and rul ntate agents, ,..,,agers, Md
official ■
Other pursuiu in trade11
PMbl ic Nrvice
Profeasional 1ervice
Actors and sttow.n
Archlt.ecu, designers, draft....,, and lnYWltors
Arti1ta, sculptor,. and teachers of art
..,,ician1 and teachers of 111Usic
TNCherw
Technical engineers
Trained nvrws
Other professional pursuits"
Se,.iprofessional pursuits•
Attendant, and helpers
Do.ntlc and peraonal Nrvice
Barbers, hairdresHrs. and 111Anicurists
Bolrding and lo69ing house kNPlrl
8ootblac:ka
Charw01111n and c I eanera
Elevator tenders
Hotel Md rntaurant keepers and Nnagera
HouMkeepers and stewards
Janitors Md scu1tons
,.,
6.)
0.2
0.2
0.1
o.,
1.5
o.,
0.1
1.9
0.5
o.,
19.6
0.9
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.2
29.8
0,5
0,1
0.2
1.6
0.)
5.9
0.1
Lllborera
0.)
0.2
uunderera and laundru•s (not In lavndry)
).)
Latndry and dry cleaning Olffltrt, ...anagen, and operat Ives
Porters (1t11cept in 1tort1J
2.9
0.1
1.2
2.8
1.,
0.)
2.6
),0
1.0
0,1
0.2
o.,
1.6
0,6
0.1
2.6
,.1
O.B
o.,
2,6
D.5
o.,
.
0.6
0.1
0.)
12.,
89,8
0.5
0,)
0.2
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.5
).0
0,5
O.B
0.)
0,1
o.,
0,1
0.1
o.,
1.0
,!3,7
1.1
2.)
1.6
0.2
0.)
l6.1
0,8
•
1.9
0.1
Clerical occupationa
12.7
O.B
2.2
),9
8.B
0.)
2.0
0.2
0.9
1.9
0,2
0.1
0.6
0.2
1.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
J.1
0.6
2.6
1.1
0.5
19.,
Other pursuit ■•
6.5
1.,
1.1
..,iters
Agents, co1 lectors, and credit """
Boold1eepers, cashiers, and accountants
Clerks not elle'llhere cluaifi~
WesHnrger, errand, and office DOJ'I and girls
Stenographers and trp i 1t1
2.1
2).0
0.2
0.5
0.1
0,9
0,2
0.5
0.)
1.2
0.5
8.5
1.2
Practical nurNa
Servants
5,B
0.2
2.1
1.6
).6
1.0
8.,
4.7
2.1
0.6
5,5
0,1
0,6
57.6
0,1
0.2
s.,
o.,
0.1
17.8
0,6
0.2
4, 7
5.2
1.1
6.8
Digitized by
0.)
0.4
0,1
0.1
0,1
0.2
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URBAN WORIERS ON RELIEF
206
Table 13-UNEMPLOTED WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AND All
GAINFUL IORKERS II GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION,•
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
R£LIEF 19H
CE'NSUS
OCCUPATIOlf
NfGIO ANO OTlftR
19,0
Tl>Ti\l
TOTAl
Total ..orker1 report, ng:
lluober
Percent
4gricul ture
Faffllltrs {Ollfners and tenants! and fem Nnagers
Fem I aborers
Fis..,,rwa and f o restry•
J , 187.•59 338.250
Bakers
81 eclun i tt,,s, for;.,..,.., and harmief"l'N!tn
Boilen,,,akers
Rrick and stone masons and t i le layers
231,600 55, 590
100.0 100.0
100. 0
0.5
0.6
0. 1
0.9
•
0.2
0. I
0.2
0.1
-
0.9
o. 5
0.2
0.2
32.0
0.6
C6.9
J9. ,
0.1
0.2
0.1
2.1
53, I
0.5
0.2
0.1
2.9
0.5
)6 .0
0.1
0.5
0.•
o. •
•
.
o••
0.•
0. 5
0.6
0.3
C'• rpente rs
Dressmakers, se""'5 tresses, an:1 t111i 11 i ners
Electric lens
Eng ineers (stationary), cra,,._n, etc.
Fi r_,.n le•cept loccnotive and fire department I
I. 7
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.3
3-J
0.5
1.0
0.5
o.,
1.,
0. 7
0.5
Foremen end overaeen. INnufacturl ngl
Furnecemen, smel termen, heaters, and puddlers
Machinists, ,..ill,.rlghu, toolffelters . and die setters
IQ,..gers and officials (Nn1Jfacturingl and lftlr..ifacturers
Mechan ics not ot.,_,., Jse spec, fled
0.5
0.5
0.6
0. 9
o. 7
o.•
I. 7
1.0
0.6
2. 1
•.o
5.1
I, 7
t.•
1.7
Jtoofers and slaters
0.3
o. 7
0. I
Shoffllakers and cobbler ■ (not In factory)
Skilled "°Miers in prinllngd
Skil led '#Or11.ers not else•r• classified•
Structural Iron "°ricers
Tailors ano tailoresset
Tl nnl ths and copPerS'l!i ths
0,3
I.I
0.9
0.2
1.3
0.2
()peratl11es
Buildlng industry
o,.,.icel and al I ied industrles 1
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glass, and sto,. indus tr l11II
Clothing indU$lriesh
Food and allied indlllt r ies 1
Iron and steel, inachinef")', etc. industries-I
Metal industries, except Iron aod stu1 111
Leather indu•triu 1
Lumber and furniture industries•
Paper, printing, and allied Industries"
Textile industr les0
Other fll&.nufacturing and rot speclfled industriesP
Laborers
Building, genera l , 3nd not specified industries
O\effllcal and all led industries 1
Clar, glass, and stone indus triesll
Food and allied industries 1
Iron and steel. machinery, etc. lndustr-iesJ
Lumber •nd furniture industries•
Other 1M1nufacturing industriesq
Tran.sportatiol'I and c°"""'nication
Water t.ransportat ion 1a,o,1
Longshore.n and stevedores
Sailors, dedhands, and boat1t1en
Road and street transportation ca.a.I
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Oraynten and tNl'l'ISters
Garage 1aborers
Laborers for truck, transfer, and cab c01194nies, and hos tl ers
Laborers, road end street
MM.. £
0.1
0.2
0.2
.. ,
0.1
o.,
0. 1
1.5
1. 6
0.2
0.2
o. 7
I.I
0.5
0.6
O.•
0.6
9.,
0. 7
o.,
,.'
0.1
0.2
0.2
o.,
1.1
0.1
J.9
2.5
1.9
o.,
1.2
0.5
0. 1
0,3
2.!
0.1
5.9
2. 0
2.3
0,J
0.3
0.8
1.5
0.8
0.6
1.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
O.l
0,3
0.2
o.•
0.3
,0. 9
0.1
0.6
o.•
0.6
0.2
12.2
0.3
1.6
0.J
0.J
0,3
I.I
0.9
2.9
0.6
1.6
0.4
1.1
0.6
2.9
1.2
0.4
0,5
0.2
5.
0.1
7. 7
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.6
0. 1
0.9
10. 9
12 . 9
2. 2
19.1
1.2
0.2
1.•
1.•
0.2
0.J
0.1
5.1
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.8
o.,
0.2
0.8
1.6
0. 2
I. 7
2. 9
•-3
6 .1
0.2
0.8
1.0
0.J
0.2
2.•
7, 3
0.2
0.2
0. 1
0.1
Digitized by
0.6
1.0
l.J
0.1
o.•
2.
0.3
0.1
9.'
0,5
1.2
1 .•
1.,
0.1
0. 1
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.J
0.1
Rai I road t ransportat. ion 1a.o.1
Bagga.gcnen, freight agents, ticket and station agents
&lier .-ast.rs and engine hostlers
.Srakfl'llltn (st.eani nallroad)
0.1
0.1
20. 2
2.6
6.1
0.8
o. 7
18.9
0.1
o.•
0.1
1.2
0.5
2.C
0.1
0. 1
0. 1
0.2
0.2
1.0
0.5
0. 2
0.5
3,2
-
0.8
0.2
0.4
0.2
3.2
0.5
0.J
0.6
0.2
0. 7
0.2
0. 6
0. 7
...
F9'AL[
28,350 22,710
100.0 100.0
0.1
Building con tract ora
Alinters, glazier,, el\8fftelers, etc.
Paoer ha"'9er1
Plasterel"I and cement f i nishers
Pl.-t>ers and gas •nd stewn fl tter-a
F8U1L£
100.0
E•tract:on of ,1.-.ralsc
Manuf,1cturlng and mechanical indus tries
MAlE
0.1
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o.,
207
APPENDIX C
Ta~la l)-Ul[~P!.OYED l'ORKEIIS ON RELIEF MAY lt)4 CUSStflED 11Y OCCUPUIOI, RACE, ANO SEX, AND All
GAllfUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
NEIi YORI(. NEW roro:-co11U•••d
'IILIU' 19)t
CENSUS
19,0
OCCUfl'ATION
r,..,.partation and c0ML1nication (contin1•U
llli I ro.:I tra,.portat ion 1a.o.1 (continued)
Conduc.tors lstH111 1nd atrfft r•i I roads) and bul conduc.t0r1
ro,....,.
and
uw•n
ove, ... rs
r.,,••. ,...1,
10UI.
TOTM..
0.2
0. I
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.1
0. 1
0,8
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
D.I
••
t.oa,aotive itflglneers
Locomt i ve f 1,_n
ll>to1'91eft
S-ittMllf'I. fl apen. arid ya f"ltlen
radio, tel-,hone. Ind te1e9raph ,......
U~reu agenta. •Pr•s
and rail•1 l'llolil clert..1
lllil carriera
••Hf'l9•r•.
N[c.M) AND OTHER
'IIIIITf
M'"-E
•
•
•
.
<90M.E
-
-
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0. 1
0.2
•
0, 9
1.2
0. I
0.1
0.1
0.5
0,)
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.)
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.4
0.2
--
17.4
0.2
0.)
0.5
0.1
I. 7
11,5
0.1
0.1
I. I
0.2
0.6
1).3
0.1
l..lbor9ra (inclloldN Portera in atore1J
0.8
Propr letor1 Iexcept ret.1 I dealeraJt
llttail dNlera
Sll..-n and N I ~
Ott•r pursuit• in tradeu
1.)
4.9
7.2
0.4
I, I
0.1
0.4
2.3
4.0
1.0
1.1
0.1
0.5
).0
4.1
1.2
l'ub1 ic NNlce
2.1
o. 7
Pn,f..,.lonal Nrvlce
8.0
0.5
0.5
0.4
0. 7
1.5
4.8
0.4
0.6
0.2
0,9
0.6
TaclWtlc.al .,.,_,.
0,5
o. 7
2.)
0.5
0.4
0.6
0.1
O.t
0.2
0.)
0.9
Other pf"DfN&iOMI pureulta•
S..lprDfN&lonal puraui ta•
Att-.11 and halpero
1'.1
1.0
0,4
0.1
0.3
0.6
13,7
o.8
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.8
5. 7
0. 9
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.2
1.Z
0.9
0.4
5.5
I, 7
0.2
16.8
0.6
T1l19raph - ... no•rs
Tel-oraptl and radio operators
Talec,,hoN operatora
•
•
•
-
Other trenll)Ortation and COW11Unication purauitl
f'or..,,.,
and
over1Nr1
1,-..ctors
laborers
Proprietor, and •nager1'
ou..,
occ.upationa•
Trado
...,., ... 1,.
•eent•
0-.rcial tra.,,.lera
_,.
n.,..., ...,., fo~.
0.1 i-..f')aln
Md inapectora
,,.urlf'Ca aM ,_1 eatate ~ u . •rag9r1, Ind offlciala
•
Actor• aid 1hoiaaen
Arc:hltect1. deaignera, draft ■-n, ard lni,entor'I
Artist&. sculptors, and taachert or art
ll&licia,11 Md tNeher1 of ..,,ic
TNcherl
,,...... ,.,....
Dl:Jlastlc .,. ,enoM1 1er,lce
..,_,,. hainll"Nlef"I, and •nlcurl1t1
IDardlno and lodti"II ho,.a k-••
lootblaclut
o.rwa.f'I and C 1Nftlrl
[ I t¥ator tel'lder1
•
Motel W reataurant keepers and •nagera
ttcN.iaellellprer1 and It._ nit
Jani ton Md aetone
laon<•
l.aundtNrs an:I laundrNae1 lnot In 1--.dryJ
larftdry Md dry c1Nning Nner1. - " " " • Allf c,peratlW1e1
filgrtera lac.pt In atornJ
l'tactlcal -
s.-nt•
-•tare
0t._, ,.,,...u.•
Cle,lcal occ.14>At lo,.
•nta, collectors. and credit an
bk..,.,,. CMh iers, and .cc:ovntanta
Clerk• not el,_..re clusified
. . . _ , , ar.....t, and of flea boy1 and 91 rh
" -....... ,. 11111 typi1t1
,., ,...
....... ,....
3-3
9.2
0.8
2,9
0.2
2.0
0.1
0.9
-
---
0.2
I. 7
--0.2
0.1
-
0.1
0.2
0.)
9.2
9.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
--
-
2. 1
0.1
0.6
4.8
-
---0.4
-0, 8
-
-0.1
o.,0,4
-
0.2
I.I
6,6
1.0
0.4
0.4
o ••
0.2
0.9
-
0.6
-
4. 6
0.)
0.8
0.2
0.8
0.2
7.1
0. 9
0.5
0. 4
I.I
1.7
1,9
0.2
4.0
0.5
0.1
0.4
0.2
0,3
2.1
-
0.8
0.3
0,)
-
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.2
-
15.t
0.5
0. 2
28.t
-
0.2
0.1
-
0.)
1.5
0.9
0.3
I,I
1.4
0. 8
0.1
0. 1
1.0
1. 0
1. 9
10.4
0.)
I. 7
5.5
0.9
2.0
8. 2
o.•
1.1
5.1
1.3
0.)
•
0.)
o. 7
L)
0.8
0.2
0.1
-
0. 1
I.)
0.2
0.3
•
•
fDIAI.E
------
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.0
Tehpho,. and telegraph I if'IIINft
M'"-E
0.4
-
0,3
-
0.6
0.5
5.0
0.1
0.2
).I
-
-
-
o.•-
O. )
0.4
7'. I
1.2
0.1
-
1.2
o.,
0,3
0.1
-
1.6
-
2.2
6.5
8.Z
58.)
-
5.4
2.B
0.2
4.1
0.1
0,3
1,B
0.9
7.)
2.0
16. I
-
5. 2
10.)
0.2
10.4
Digitized by
-
3-3
0,3
0.1
-
1.2
1,6
0.1
1.2
0.5
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
208
Table 1)-UNEWPLOYEO •ORlERS ON RELIH IIAY 193t CLASSIFIED 8Y OCCUPATION, RAC[, AIIO SEX, AIIO All
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION,•
NORFOLK, VIIIGINIA
TOTAL
Total worltef"I report Ing:
REL l[F 19.J.6
ctll5US
1910
OCOWAflOI
;.~:t
150,306
100.0
Agr lc\11lure
Farwers (OWfters and tenar,UJ and far. •nagers
f'ar. laborers
Flshii,g a.nd fof"l:atr,..
~IT£
~CiRO AIC> OTMEA
fOTAL
1,810
100.0
7,6
2,0)0
100.0
9,1'6
100.0
505
305
100.0
100.0
5.6
5.5
5.2
2.6
2.9
1.0
1.0
-
7.2
0.5
,.5
2.4
5).2
4).6
)6.)
0.9
9.9
-
0.6
1.,
-
-
1.0
-
0.4
0.1
-
1.1
0.2
0.9
0.2
o.,
25.,
0.)
0.2
0.1
0.2
27.0
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.3
o.,
o.,
,.5
-
Extract i on of 11inerahc
Wanufecturlng and
cMin1cal Industries
S.kers
Black•iths. forgrnen, and
r,,en
Bel 1er'lll9kers
Brlc'c and stone •.sons and t I le layers
Building contractor,
o.,
Carpenters
0res11M rs. seM1tre11e1, and ,.111 iners
I. 7
0.5
0.6
0.9
0.8
Electricians
Engineers (stationary), crenemen. etc.
F1re!!!en (ucept loc.0110tlve and ft,.. departNntl
Forenen and overseers (Nl"ll.lfKh1rlngJ
Fuf"J\8Cellllen, lffltlterl"en, tleatera. and puddler-a
ii.ch lnlsts , 11111 llwrlghts, tool•k rs, and d le sellers
Managers and officials (nenufactudngJ and •nufacturers
Wec:h.anlcs not o'lherwls.e speclfl-1
Painters, glezlers, .,..,.,.,.,. etc.
o.,
1.2
1.2
1,3
1.2
0.1
0.)
0.5
Paper hangers
PIHt ■ rers aJ'ld c8'11ent finishers
.
1.2
6.5
-
1,)
-
1.)
8.2
-
0.1
1.6
0.4
1,4
o.,o.,
-
-
0.1
).5
-
0.1
0.6
o. 7
0.1
1.0
-
0.1
0.1
-
0,9
1.9
0.1
0.8
. .
=~~;-.~rd 1~.~~ steM fitters
Shoenel<ers and cobblers (not In fectoryJ
Skilled work rs In prlntlngd
Skilled 110rker1 not elaeWMra clesslflecfl
0.2
0.3
o.e
).0
,.5
-
0.9
-
13,,
-
I.I
0.1
1.0
-
1.5
0.1
0.2
-
0.1
1.6
,.o
o.,
o.,
--
0.2
0.6
1.2
0.4
o. 7
1.)
-
0.)
1.6
-
o.,
-
o.,
-
Structural iron JJOrlutrs
Tallort and talloresse1
O.)
o.,
Tln1n1itf\s and copperS111lth1
Operet lve.s
Building i ndustry
Cherlic.el and el1 ied lndustrfN1
Cigar and tobacco ractorlea
Clay, glass, ard atone 1ndu1trle1•
o.,
0.2
1.9
-
o. 7
o.,
-
-
1.0
0.4
3.9
Clothing lndustr-les'Food and eH led lndus tr les 1
0.6
0.5
o. 7
0.4
1.0
5.9
0.3
0.3
t.9
1.0
1.0
Iron erd steel, 11111chl,.ry, etc. lndust ri J
Metal Industries, except Iron and 1tMI"
Leather inch.1strles 1
LU'llber end furniture lndustrle.Paper, print Ing, arid al I led industries"
Teirt Ile indus\r'les0
Other Nnufacturlng and not specified lndustriesP
1.2
0.1
2.,
o.,
1.0
0.2
-
1,0
1.,
1.6
1.6
16.3
1.0
1.8
0.1
1.4
-
0.6
1.)
1.0
0.2
0.1
0.8
0.1
1.5
o. 7
2.1
0.9
0.2
). 7
1.0
0.2
2.8
-
1.0
-
0.1
Laborers
Building, general, erw:t not specified Industries
Cheffliul and al I led industr it1 1
,
Clay, glus. erct stone lndustrlesSI
Food end all led lndustrl11 1
Iron end steel, 1MChlnery, etc. lndustriesJ
L~r erw:t furniture industries•
Other m&nufacturlng lndustrluq
0.2
o.,
Road and street transportation 1 ■ ,o, 1
Chauffeurs end truck and tractor drivers
Draynen •rd teamsters
Gerage laborers
Laborers for truck, transfer, and e b conipanles. and hos lers
Laborers, road and s treet
0.)
1.)
0.6
1.2
0.9
12.2
11.3
).1
1.4
4,4
1.1
0.5
Transportat Ion and cOffllUnic ■ t ton
Water transportation 1 ■ .o. 1
longshoremen and stevedores
Sailors, deckhards, end boltmi,n
1.2
o.,
0.6
-
-
o.,
0.1
0.3
o. 7
0.6
0.6
8. 6
2.,
0.5
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.2
2.9
1.6
0. 5
25.0
-
11.2
-
0. 7
-
1.,
-
0. 5
1.,
-
1.8
3.3
7.2
0.)
0.1
,.,
-
0.)
0,1
0.1
0.4
0.8
-
-
0.2
0.5
1.8
-
0,3
-
0.3
o.e
1.0
0.2
-
0.1
o.,
-
-
Railroad transportat ion la.o. 1
::n~~he~~!~t ::~:•ho;!~~~~
0
Brakemen {ste.,. ,.allroad)
llrd station
■gents
0.1
0.2
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209
APPENDIX C
Ta~le lJ-UIEMPLOYED IIORlERS ON RELIEF MAY UJ• CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION, RACE. AND SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS ll GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
NORFOLK,
VIRGINIA-CoJ1IU ■ td
RELIEF 1934
OCCI.PAT ION
TOTAi.
tEfiiAO All) 01'tER
WMITE
IIW..E
FEIMLE
MALE
FEWAL.£
Tl"ans,ortat ion and c~nicat ion (cont int.llltd)
Railroad transportation
t•.o.)
(continued)
Conductors l1t1t1,11 and 1trNt rai I roads) and bus conductors
F'o,..,..n and oveneers
labot"ers
Loc:01101 ive •n;1neer1
loc(llll()t ive f ir11111n
Wotor'llltn
S.,tct.en. f1agaan, and yartti.n
[xprns. post, rlldio, t•lephone,, and telf!'9ra1)1'1 ta.o, I
bpren •ntl, expreu 111nsengers, and rail•1 • i i clerks
Mai I carrien
Telephone and t1l99reph I ,,_n
Telpgraph •ssengera
Tel19raph and radio opffators
Telephone operator,
0.)
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.1
0.1
•
0.1
0.1
0.1
•
0.6
0.6
-
0.2
1.•
-
2.1
-
o.•
-
-
0.1
-
0.6
0.6
0,9
D.4
-
0.1
-
-
o.•
-
-
-
14,5
20.,
15. 7
1.1
Othtr transportal ion al"d COl"tl.lniat ion pursuit&
For9111tn and ower,eera
Inspectors
Llt:1or1r1
Proprietors and • ~ r s '
Other occ~t ions•
T.Advert isi1"19 ag.nts
eo...rcial travelers
0.1 iver,-.n
Floor•lkers. fore-en, and inspectors
Insurance and real e1tata agents, •naoers, and offlclal1
0.1
0.1
0.2
1.2
0.2
16.0
0.1
0.5
0.8
0.1
1.4
9.5
0.2
).1
0.1
0.2
1. 2
-
5.5
0.1
0.1
-
0.6
2.6
o. 7
5.9
0,6
18. 7
1.1
0. 7
o.,
1.0
1.1
0.7
1.5
2.1
0.1
1.0
4.2
6.0
0.1
0.)
o.•
0.4
1.0
Laborers ( includes porters i" stores)
..._boys
Propri•tors l••cept retail dealersJt
Retai I dealers
S.les.n and aale..aaitn
Ottwr pursuits in trade1,1
7.2
).4
o.•
1.6
-
Public Nrvice
9,9
0.5
2.0
-
0.6
-
Profe11ional serviu
Ac:tort 1nd s ~ n
6. 7
1.4
I.)
).9
1,4
1.1
-
0.1
-
1.6
0.2
-
1.1
Architects, desigrer11, draft5'111Pn, and inventors
lrti•ta, sculptors, and tHc..,.r!I of art
llutician1 and !Net.rs of 11111aic
TNchers
Technical 1"9inNrt
Traiflld nurses
Other profH1ional pursuits•
S..iprofHsiOMI pursuits•
Atte,.JanU and h!-lpers
Ocnest le and perlOl'lal aer't' ice
Barbers, Nirdressers, and l'!llnicurists
Boen:tin;
and lod91nig hou• kee~rs
Bootblacks
Char'WQlllen and cluners
Elevator tenders
Hotel a,.t rl'Shurant kHpi-rs 11nd •nagers
HouNkeepers ,,-., '!ltewards
Janitors and se,rtons
Uborers
Uunderers and laundresses (not In laundry)
Laur.try and dry cleaning caners, •nagers, and ooerat ives
Porters (except in stores)
Practical nurses
Servants
.. iters
Other pursuit ..
Cleric.al occupet ions
Agents, col ltttors, and credit "'l!n
9ookkee"rs, cuhiers, and accountants
Clerks not I I sewt,erp c I ass if i ed
Mtuenger, errand, and orfice boys and girls
Steno;raphers ard typists
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.)
1.8
0,4
D.8
1.8
0.5
0.)
19,0
0.9
o.•
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
o.•
0.9
0.2
1.8
I.)
o.•
0.5
.
10.1
1.2
9.6
0.6
2.2
4.1
0.2
1.9
0.1
o.a
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
.,.o
0,4
2.3
-
-
0.8
-
0.1
-
D.2
0.8
e
0.1
-
).6
23.6
12.1
0.6
0.6
0.1
8).)
O.)
o. 1
0.1
0.2
1.6
D. 7
-
o.•
0.)
o.•
0.1
0.1
1.0
1.0
4.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
1,6
2.)
2.0
0.1
0.1
0.6
9. 7
1.6
0.6
4,9
1.)
0.6
66 ••
0. 7
7.6
0.8
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.2
-
0.1
-
2,5
0.)
0.5
0.2
0,4
0.)
).)
)1,4
1.0
0.6
8,2
1.4
1.,
•
0.)
0.5
0.1
O.•
).6
-
4.9
,.o
0.4
1.0
1.6
o.•
0,2
2.,
4.9
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
210
Tobie n-u•E•PLOY[O •ORKERS 01 RELIEF MAT 19)4 CLASSIFIEO BT OCCUPATIOII, RAC( , AIO S(X, AID ALL
GAINFUL •ORKERS II GENERAL l'OPULATIOI 111)0 CLASSIFIED 8T OCCUPATION,•
OULUD, CALIFORNIA
ffll[F 193A
cosus
O(.a,ATIOlf
,._,
Total aor\ert report lttg:
Agriculture
fa,-ra I
F ■ na
ftlircent
n •nd tenantaJ Md ,.,. •rager1
flshfl'IQ and foreatr, 111
Cxtract Ion of alnera l ,c
w.nuractur lng and .chanlcal industrlu
ors
8l ■d•1th1, fot'99fllln, .no
raen
Roi lt,,..ke,w
Brick and 1to,. •aons and tile layera
Budding eontr.c:tors
ca,,,.,,,.,...
Orflrw.kers, se-tr■ssn. and 111 inera
Electric,an1
Engi,..,. (aulloneryJ. ,,.,..n, ate.
I
capt loc.o,iotive and rirt d9'Plrtaenl)
fo,....n and oven.Mrs (-,,ufactwringJ
furNC-n, ... , ten.-en, heatera, aid puddlars
IIIK.hlnhts, • I l•rl9hl1, toolaaMra. and dit Htttrs
~ , . . . and oHiclah Ct1111nufac:h.1ringJ am
wf•uvnrs
nlc.a rot otherw lu ao,eclfied
Pa inters, 9lazitrs, •
TOTAi.
126,092
e.6311
100.0
w.U
fOW.E
WIil.[
1,515
100.0
561
381
100.0
• .1111
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.2
2.6
3. I
1.e
0.8
1.8
0.5
1.2
1.9
0.1
0.9
0.2
4.)
0.)
0.1
4.)
1.6
0.9
0. I
laborara
fl,_n
""'
lO!Al
lers, ate.
Piper t-..ngera
'MU TE
1.0
0.2
0.8
1.2
)2.9
u .5
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
53.6
0.2
o.•
).0
0. 6
).8
0.1
5.8
I.I
1.4
1.0
0.2
O.B
0.4
2.1
\.2
0.6
0.6
o.5
2.5
0.1
1.1
2.5
o.e
0.5
0.1
2.1
0.1
2.11
4 ••
1.e
1.8
0.1
4.1
6.)
0.1
2.2
0.5
2.0
2.1
1.8
I. I
0.5
1.1
0.2
O.•
0.5
27.•
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.1
1.e
0.5
1.0
)9.•
0.5
0.6
1.1
\.6
).I
2.5
0.1
F8Utl.E
0.5
0.6
0.5
1.6
Plaattrera and c
t flnlahtra
,,....,.,., A/Id gu and u ... fl tt ■ r"I
Roofers and 1htt1rs
O.•
0.1
Shoe,,eken and cobbler, lnol In factory)
Skilled crlc n In printing'
Skl11td 11110t'Ura rot el
he,. clau lfl~•
0.2
0.8
1.2
0.1
0.2
2.0
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
D. 7
o.•
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
O.)
-
0.2
0.5
1.0
D.2
0.1
0.2
1.1
0.6
0.2
1.5
15.8
0.5
0.5
0.5
-
).1
2 .2
15.8
).5
0.6
0.4
0.2
1.,
1.1
0.5
0.5
1.1
-
1.9
0.5
1.1
1.6
O.B
Structural Iron workers
T1ilora and ta l loreu,u
TlnM1lth1 and copperM1ith1
O.•
()perat 1¥11
Building l ndullry
ChMlc..1 and allied l nduatrluf
Cigar 1...:1 tobaeco f.ctoriN
Cl1:7, glu.s. and alone lndustrleal
Clothing i rduslrle1"
food and allied industrlea 1
Iron anct stee1. •chi,.,:,. etc. industr1uJ
Metal INustrles, except iron ano llHI k
Leather lnchntr l• '
LUllber end furnl lure l rdustri •
Paper, printing. and allied l nduatrin"
Textile lnduatrln°
Other •nuf.cturlng and not apeclfled lrdustr1H'
Lal>orors
tk,lld l ng, 91ner1I, and not s ~ l f led i l"dvalrl•
0-lul and allied lndustrlos '
~-.:i·:~i ,:.inc1,::u~,::i:r1r1 ..,
Iron and steel, 11111ehlnery, etc. l rdustrlesJ
l.l.aber &nd furn , !ut'9 Industries•
Other NnUfacturlng lndult r i uq
Transportation Pd C011nUnlcation
Water transportation 11.0. 1
Long1horeaen and stevedores
Sailors, deckhands, and boltnen
Road and llntet tr11n1port1tlon
0.1
.
1.4
1.•
I.I
.
0.1
0.1
0.4
2.8
0.5
5.5
2.•
0.1
0.3
o.,
0.4
0.2
0.4
2.2
0.1
I, 1
0.5
0.1
1.2
0.1
1.5
0.2
0.2
1.5
2.5
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.8
0.1
0.8
0. 4
1.1
•.o
3-3
0.4
o.e
0.6
0.2
I.I
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0.1
1.1
1.6
9.5
i,.o
16.9
•. 4
16.5
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.1
-
o.s
2.0
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.4
-
4.8
0.5
0.1
-
•.8
-
I.I
11.0.1
Chauffeurs and ln.ck and tractor drlvera
0,-e,aen and te.,..tara
C.rage laborers
Laborers for tn.,ck, transfer.and cab a:,ctp,1n l•, ltd hoatltra
Laborers, road an:t 1trNt
Rallroad transportation 11.0.1
Bllgge.gtnen, freight qenu. ticket and station agenl1
lbilar -uhtra and engine hostlers
llrak-n l•l- rail rood)
0.1
0.1
0.2
4.9
o.•
1.7
.
0.1
0.1
Digitized by
1.3
0.6
0.2
0.1
2.0
-
9.6
0.5
2.1
0.5
0.2
1.0
0.9
0.2
o.,
1.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
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211
APPBNDIX C
To.ie 1)-UIIIIPI.OYEO IIORKERS O• R£LIH WAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BT OCCUPATIO•, RACE. ANO SEX, ANO ALL
GAIIFUL •ORKERS 1• GEIERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BT OCCUPATION,•
OAKLAND. CAllf'ORIIIIIA-Co,ua,u,ed
([lf$US
19)0
OCCUl"ATION
10T"-
N[eAI) AND OTH(lt
'ltllTE
TOT-.
MM.[
FBIALE
lilAi.E
FEMALE
Trat1sportat ion aftd c~1cat ion (cont ,rued)
Alil rosd H'•naoortat ,on 11. 0.) (cont •l'Uetdl
Conctuctors bl•• and ttrett railroadl) and bus conductors
laborers
Loc~t ivt ent i,..,1
LocOIIIOt iY9 f I,...,.
Moto,-.n
S.itctw.en. fla...,..
and
0.4
0.1
1.0
0.)
0.1
0.3
Fo,...., and OW.t"Seetl
yartt.n
0.4
[icpr••• po1t, ra:fio, telephone, and tele,grac,tl 11.0.1
[;cprn1 apnu. ••prna aesaengera, Mid rai 1.,.., . . i I clen.&
lllil urrien,
Tele,hona .-id telttrac-h I i,_n
Ttl ..,_tl _..Mftgetl
Tel19"aph atd rMtio operatora
Ttle,hone operators
Other tra.-.pc,rtat ion anc:I cCMll9unicat iO"' pursui ta
l'or..,n ancl 0'<lllr1eer1
0. I
.
o.e
Luorera (lnclwdt1 portera in 1torftJ
0.3
0.1
2.6
0.6
0. 1
Proprietors Ct•capt 1'9tail d1Nler1) 1
llttail dNlert
.
0.1
0.1
19.5
0.2
...bo,,
0.1
0.5
0.1
o.,
F'loorwlken, fo~. and i,.pectors
Insurance .net rul estate a911nt1. Ntaten. and official a
0. 1
0.4
I.)
o.,•
0.5
10.9
0. 2
0.1
0. 1
0. 2
0. 1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.8
,..
0.1
0.1
0.2
0. I
0. 1
0. 1
1.0
6.)
0. 8
I.I
-
4.8
4,7
0.6
-
2. 1
0.5
0.8
-
0.2
0.6
0.5
0, 5
).I
0,8
1.0
-
8.6
0.8
1.6
0.5
1,6
-
0.2
4.0
0.2
11.5
0,)
0. 5
0.5
o. 7
o. 7
3, 7
0.4
o.e
0. 2
1.0
0. I
ldwerti1 i,. • " ' '
D. 2
0.4
0.1
o.8
0. I
0.6
C:C-rcial tra,,elars
Dtl iwe,,...n
0. 2
0.5
0.1
0. 1
lnapecton
,,...
0. 4
0. \
0. 3
0.3
l,allC)rer1
rro,rietor& and •neeen'
Ottwr occwipet iont •
0. 3
0.7
0.7
0.6
1.2
0.8
0. I
0.)
4.5
8. 1
0.5
o.e
,_., ic Nrvice
1.9
0.8
1.2
Profnaio,..J N"'ic•
8.8
4,4
O.)
0.5
0.2
5.0
0. 5
0.1
0.3
0.7
0. 7
0.7
0.4
1.0
1.,
1. 2
0.5
3. )
-
1.6
1.0
I.I
2.1
0.6
0.4
0. 3
0.5
I.I
-
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1.,
1.0
0.2
11.B
1.2
15.6
0.5
29,8
0. 5
86.l
1.6
0.1
0.5
0.1
1.6
0.1
0.1
0,4
0.4
-
6.)
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.8
0.8
0.4
).2
Sal•-n and ul...,..n
Other puraui u in trade•
__
Actora all:I ,.....,_
ArchitecU. dnig,wr1. draft ... n, and lnwentora
&rtitta• .culptora, and teachers of art
-•c••~ and lHChers of a111ic
,
Technical en91,..,..
TraillldNWMI
Other profntio,..1 puraultt"
5-iJtDf... iOMI pursuits•
Att-ta and hel pera
Oiaaeltlc an:I ,-rtoNI Nrvlce
•rttera, .. lrdrnNrt. and 11anicuri1U
...,._i"I and lodging hovM liNl)er1
o.r- ..... 1.....
-blec..
0.3
0.1
0.1
Ele¥ator tenclll"I
0.1
HDtel all:I ,-t.aurant keepers and
...,.....,.,.. all:I 1t-rd1
Janltott end NdOnt
o.e
•naoera
0.8
1.0
0. 1
0. 1
La.,.,.
~ - .... , _ , " _ ,..,, i• , _ , ,
l.AundrJ W dry cleenil'lf Olffllrs. . .,,...,...
'vrtera l•111t•t In stornJ
1.5
1.3
0.6
).6
0.8
15.9
0.4
0.2
0,3
0.)
o. 7
o. 7
0. 3
0.3
•
o.,
o.,
o.,
0. 1
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0,8
o.6
4.0
28.6
0.5
0.4
0.2
,,..,lul ,..,_
1.5
0.3
0.8
0.)
0. 7
1.4
...Servant
u.,. ■
3.8
1.)
2.,
0.)
1.2
0.2
0.1
14. I
0.8
ard o,erativn
•
Other purau1t1•
Clerical occ._atiOM
Aeenta, collectors. and crlldit
._.keepere, cuhi•rs. and ..ccowntant1
Cl•rb not el.,.r• c1u1ified
erraft:t. and office bort W 9irl1
•n
...._.r,
St.,..,....,..
and typi1U
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0.2
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3. 7
4,8
u.,
5.3
11 . 6
0.2
4.0
2.9
0. 4
4.1
Digitized by
-
0.8
5. 9
-
-
0.8
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
212
hblo 1)-UNE•PlOYED •ORKERS Ol RELIEF WAY U)• CLASSIFIED 9Y OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEl, ANO All
GAIOFUL WORKERS ll GENERAL POPULATION U)O CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOl,•
OSH•OSH • • , sco•s,.
_,
RELi EF 00)4
C(IIS,U5
OCCuP&f 10111
19)0
TOTAi.
fOTA&.
NEUO MDOTMl'R
WHITE
'IIALE
FENAt.E
NALE
100.0
16 , 222
100.0
1,820
100.0
1,204
100.0
•01
100.0
o.v
1.0
).8
1.9
1.0
f"ishif\9 and fof"l'st,y 1
).8
o. 7
).1
1.5
,.1
0. )
0.6
0.2
Cxtraction of ~ i nerahc
0. 1
-
-
~ -1
0. 2
0.3
0.1
0.8
0.7
156.0
)) . 2
---
2. 7
0.8
0.8
0. 7
0. 7
). 7
Total -orli:ers rtporti~ :
P9n:enl
Agricultur•
fatwlllrs la-ner1 ¥'Cl
t•nentsl
lfll:I fan1
_,,.ge,..
Fiu·"' let>orer1
llanufacturir'l9 and 1W1Khenic1I industrlu
Bal.ers
8IK!.Pith1, for~ . and"i...... rwian
Bo1 l er'l'ftlli~rs
8r1di and ,tone "19sonS and tile l•1ers
47 . 8
0.)
0.5
.
o.,
Bui ldin9 contractort
0.6
Carpenters
2.5
0.5
0.6
0.5
DrM!lfflllkers,
se1M1tressn . and
lfli111ner1
Ele-ctricians
Engi!"Ml!ers (stationary). cran9'flle'fl, etc .
Firefflen {except locCl'IIOtlve VICI fire depart...,tJ
o.,
FM_,, and overseers t•nufecturln9J
1.•
Furnx..,...n, Sl'll'll ler'ffltn, heaters , and OUdcfltra
U...Ch in i sts, "'i I l•r i ghts, tool,...._.,., , and d ie Htten
Mianaqers and offici11)s l~fecturlng) and IMnl.lfecturen
Mechanics "Ot otherwiM spec i f itd
Painter1 , gluier,, ena,aelen. etc .
Pap&r hangers
Pl,..1terers and c.,._,,t finisher1
Pl~rs and gas and 1\Nfllll f i tters
Roofers and slaters
Shoe,Mkers and cobblers (not In factory)
Skilled workers in printingd
Ski 11.o workers not els....,.re clasalf ied•
Stn,ctural iron worli:•rs
lai Iors and tai loresses
Tins,aitlis •nd copper.. iths
Oper'at Ives
&.ii 1'1ing industry
Chenlical and al I ied industr-ies'
Cigar Md tobac co factories
Clay, 91111, and stone inctustriesO
Clothing industries"'
f'ood ~ al I ied in6uttr'iH 1
Iron and steel . Neh t nery . etc . inctustrletl
Metal industries , e11cept Iron and I\Nt•
lAather industri11 1
~ r al"'d furniture lndustrle..
~per, printir19, and al I ied industries•
TeJCtilt industries0
Other •nufacturii,g end not specified industriN'
Labor-ers
~~~~:r·
.:n:~::~
~::r~~ified industries
CI ay. g I ass. and stone industries•
Food and al 1 ied industries 1
Iron and stNI, t111ehinery , etc.. lndustrlesJ
LJ.,,,lber and furniture industries•
Other IMl'IUfactur ing industrin 4
Transportation
a,ld
cCJMUnicetion
water tran1portat ion u . o. 1
Longahore,,en end Sle¥ed01"H
Sai lcrs, deckhands. and bolt.nen
Road end st rut tran1portetion le . o. I
Chauffeurs and truck Wld tractor drivers
Drayi,ie,n and telfflSters
Garage 1a borers
Laboi-ers for truclii, trlll"lsfer . 1ndcabcc,apanlH. and hostlers
Laborers, read and street
Rail,-oad tra,,sportation cs.0.1
BaggAgertien, freight 199"ts. t icket and station agents
Boiler washers and engine h01,tl1rs
Brak-.n (st9SII railroad)
.
1.8
2.0
1.6
1.9
•
0.l
0.5
O.l
0. 2
0.6
1.5
-
0.4
0.1
1.1
0. )
1.5
...
0.1
1. 1
0.6
0.8
0. 2
0. 2
).8
0.2
0.)
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
1.4
0.4
0.1
0.2
o.•
.
0.1
-
o.~
0. )
o.v
0.)
0.4
0.1
1.1
o.v
-
1.1
0.9
0.7
0.6
0. 1
1.,
0.3
1.1
-
-
).2
-
--
15.•
-
2.8
0. 1
2.8
-
-
-
s.o
2.1
1. 7
2.0
0.5
0.1
0.1
6.8
0. 1
0.1
0.6
7. 5
0.1
8.)
0. 1
0. 1
0 .2
2. 1
0 .)
0.2
0.1
) .1
0.2
0.2
5 .2
0. l
0.2
0.)
1.)
1.9
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0.)
0.2
0.1
0.4
5.•
1.6
.
-
0.1
-
Digitized by
-
1. 7
0.6
1.5
o.v
--
15.4
0.1
0.)
o.~
-
1.7
---
1.8
1.6
2.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
92 . )
--15.3
---
-0.2
0.1
0.2
5.2
0.2
-0.7
0. 2
- 0.50.2
-
-
1.)
0.7
1.0
4.1
11. 6
0.2
o.,
-
15.•
15.9
I.)
8.)
0.2
I.)
1.5
7.7
1.1
1.~
0. 2
5.5
2.0
0. 1
).0
1,.1
I .)
13
-
-
9.5
--2.2
11.0
0.2
0.7
0.1
-
-
-
-
--
15.4
--
7.7
-
--
--
Google
------
FOIAU
2
100.0
50.0
-
------
----
------
50. 0
-
-
--------
213
APPENDIX C
Table 13-UNEWPLOYEO •ORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE. ANO SEX, ANO All
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
OSH•OSH, WISCONSIJI-CoU
OCCUl'ATIOII
t• ■ •d
AELI EF 19)4
CENSUS
19>0
TOTAL
TOTAL
IIIALE
Transportation end cowaunicat ion tcont inufdl
RailrOlld tra,,sportation (s.o . J lcontinue::O
Condvctors l1t~ and strNt rel lroac1sJ and bus conductor,
N&AO AND OTHER
ltllTE
FEMALE
0.1
0.2
0 .5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0. 2
0.1
0.2
0 .2
0.2
0. 1
0. 2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
-
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
-
16 .5
a.i
7. 5
10.7
0.1
1.6
0.6
0.2
1.1
o. 7
laborers lincllolffs porters in stornJ
Proprietors ie«tpt retatl dealers)'
1Ltt11il ctnlers
cw•r~rs
Laborer,
0.1
0.4
Loc0110tive e"9i1"11er-s
0.1
FOt"tnen
and
Loc01110tiYe fir..-en
llloto,...n
S-itc,-.,. fl--,..n, and yarcl'len
Uprns, po,1\. r.:I io, t•lephont;, and t•legreplt (1.0. J
Ulpress ~"'''• ewprn, ,..,seng,ers, ltl\d rail ..y • i i clerlts
... 11 carriers
Telephone and tel~t"•ph I i,.,..n
Tele;iraph •swn~r•
Tele1Jr•s,h and radio ooeretors
Telephone °"retors
Other tr-ansportat ion ~ ctM111Unlcat iOt' purwits
For..., And °"erserer1
.
•
0.4
0.1
0.2
0 .2
0.1
0.2
0.6
titAU
FEMALE
0. 7
O.J
0.7
Inspectors
Laborers
Proprietor, at'ICI 11111.na~rs'
Other occupel iO"'I•
r,_
Advertising f191'1"U
COIM9rcial trav,lers
Del iver,-,.n
Floo,....11!.ers, for8'111n, al"ld in,oectors
lnt,urance and real estate agents, ~ r 1 , and officials
.........
Sal•9'11eft llf'd sel1t..,..,,
Other pursuit, in trade"
f\,bllc Nrvlc.e
Profnsional seNlce
Actor, and stioa111111
Architects , d@sioner1 , draft,,..,. and inveflton
Artists, sculotort. al'ld teachers of ert
Mwsiciena end lHChers of 11111ic
0.B
1.2
-
0.1
0.1
1.0
0.1
0.1
-
0.9
0. 6
o. 7
-
0.8
4.0
6,7
D,5
0. 2
0. 5
4.6
0.6
0.2
0.6
2.8
0.2
10.5
C.B
-
1,8
o.a
1.0
-
7 .J
1.2
1.1
1.5
0.1
O.J
O.J
-
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
-
0.5
0,1
0.1
0.2
0,1
-
O.J
O.J
O.J
0.4
0.2
9.2
15 . 2
0,4
0.1
0. 1
4,2
48 . 9
1.0
0.2
-
0.1
0. 2
0,1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.1
0. 4
0.2
0.6
0.7
0.5
-
0.4
-
1. 7
0.9
0.1
1. )
B.4
1.2
0.2
0 .6
0.1
2.0
-
-
5.3
1.5
0.3
0.2
29.0
2.6
0,2
4.0
o.,
2.4
Technic,.I 4"19i,-,er1
Trair-1 nurses
Other profe~s i O"- I purs11 i ti"
S..iorofe,aional pursuits•
Attendants #Id heloers
O.J
Hotel end restaurant lieei,ers and lftlna94trs
HcusekNpers and
,,.,..,r.t,
Jani tors tnd uxtOl'ls
Laborers
Lauftdlrera end laundressH (not in la,lldry)
laundry end dr, c1t,ani"'4) Qlllnera, ,....gers, el'ld operativu
Porte,., (except in 1toresJ
Practiul nurMS
Servants
Waiters
Other pursuits 111
Clerical occupet Ion•
Aqents, col lee tors, and credl l ...n
9ookkee,ers . cashier,, end accountentt
Cl•rh l'IOt tl,-,ere, classified
lllltssanger, err.-.:1, and office boys ind girh
Stenogr,phers and t1oist1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
TNCher1
Oo.stlc and ,.,,o,al sen,in
Berbers, heirdrener ■, anti ,..ni c urisU
8oerdir.g and lod9ing houM kNper1
Bootblacks
C h • ~ end clHners
El...,ator tenc:Mrt
-
1.0
1.9
0.B
O.J
0,J
0.1
0.4
0.6
0.7
0. 2
0.2
1.1
0.1
0.3
J.6
0.4
0.1
9.6
0.4
1.2
2.9
4,J
2.8
0. 1
0. 7
1. 2
0.1
2.0
o. 7
D.2
0.6
1.5
0.2
0.1
50 . 0
,.B
-
50,0
J. 7
-
1. 0
0.2
2.8
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORI&RS ON RELIEF
r .. ,. IJ-u•EM,IDHD WORKERS 011 RCLIEF IIA• 19'• CUSS I Fl ED 1, occu,ATIOI, IACE, AID SEX, AID ALL
GAIOFUL WOUERS II GEOEUL l"O,ULATIOI 19,0 CUSSIFIED IT OCCUPAflOI,•
PATERSON, IEW JCIISEY
lltlll EF tt).t
C
_,,
IOlD
~"':::,
Total -ork•r• reoortfflQ;
~r l o,lture
n and tanentsl tnd ta
,-.,.,..,., l
Fa,. la1boren
F,ttt,na MM1
..-
ra
forest,,•
[artrac.tlon of
8oile,..ken
Irick and stone --.0,1 Md tile ,.,.,..
9ul1dint cont...ctora
Carpenters
str-eues, and 1111nen
OreUNllers,
Electrlclena
£nolnftra lautlonery), ,,.,.._.., etc.
(e-wcept locomotive Ind fire dePlrlNntl
F',,...,,
(it.1nufacturln9J
-It•,,_,,,
h tet"I , and ,uddlera
,
F\,rn
.,.., end die Mtters
li&Khinl Ill, • 11 lfhta, too1
ltanaqera Md officials (..,_,factwrlng) and ..,..,fec:tvrera
Wile.ti lu not olhl IN aoeclfled
Painters, 9la.zler1, .,.....,.,.., etc.
Piioer hanqers
,..
Pl•en and 9H Ind stea fl tters
,toofera end 11 ters
,,.,,.,..,.. and c.ent ,i,.;
ShGe'Mkera N cobble,.. lnol In factory)
Sltl 11ed work rt In printing
r-e claaslfl~•
Sk111td workers i,ot el
Strvc-ture1 lrCWI -ork ra
Tllo,.. and ta 11oreues
Thtftlths .Ind cc,ooe,...lthl
Ope,._tlvet
.. lld;ng ladult'l'
OI lca1 and ellled lndu1trlu'
Cigar and tObecc.o f ctorl es
Cl1y, 9I 11, and llOtle lnduatrle I
Clothl09 lndu1lrl11•
F'ood and 1tlled INN1trl11 1
Iron end ateel. ~lnery. etc. lnduatrlesJ
Met.el lftdu1triea, ••cept I ron and 1t•I'
Leet.her lnduatde 1
l..uaeer end fumihire l~atrln•
Piper. printing, and allied lnduatrl11"
Tut I le lndu1trl1,0
Other unufacturlng and ftOt apecl fled 1nduatrle9'
laborer•
~~~~:,•
TI)tM.
62,860
100.0
,. 2117
100.0
0.)
I.I
•
o.,
0.1
1.0
•
0 ..8
0.1
iner-ahc
fec:tvnng end '11Ct\anlu1 inGJ1trlH
S.Qra
81 c\ .. i tha, forq....,, no .....,.,..
Fore'llll'I .,_d o-ttr ... n
TOTAL
.:::~~:~'7",d,":~,..::,'
fled lnduatrlu
Clay. 9101, Md atone lndu trlu9
Food and olllod lndu1trlu 1
Iron end stNI. -.dilnery, etc. ,nctrwstri .t
L,,.ee, end fumfture lndt.lstr1u"
Othr- ,..,..,,.:turlng induatr'ieaQ
Tra.napetrtatlon and COMUnic.,itlon
*tter- t ransoortat I on I•. o. 1
R i I road tr.-1,ortatlon , ... o. I
a.g.geg...,, freight agenu, ticket .,,c, at•tlon agenu
er-a and engine ho&1ler1
Boiler
9,.._1,i-., (st ... r1ilroad}
1.2
- ,.o
o.,
1.1
0.9
o.,
1.,
0.6
1.5
o.,
o.,
2.1
0.1
0.6
0.5
1.•
1.0
o.,
o.,
0.1
0.1
2.1
0.1
0.5
1.9
2.0
1.3
o.,
o.,
1.•
0.1
1.,
-
0.5
1.7
0.1
,.,
o.,
0.1
0.5
2.0
0.9
I.)
0.5
0 .9
,.o
0.1
1.•
0.)
0.2
o.,
o.,
o.,
I.I
0,5
0.)
0.2
0.9
0.7
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
2.1
0.)
o.,
o.,
0,9
I.I
I.)
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
.
0.1
0.1
1.1
O.t
0.2
0.2
2,.2
5.2
o.,
0,1
o.,
0.9
1.7
2.8
0.1
0.6
7.5
61.8
o.,
0.1
0.8
0.1
I.)
,.o
- ,.o
1.2
o.,
0.1
1.0
2.1
0.6
o.,
o.,
,.5
0.9
1.8
0.8
,.1
7.8
I.)
1.0
0.9
0.2
1.0
22.2
5.2
18.6
'8.6
4.9
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
5.6
1.6
1.2
I.)
0.8
6.7
1).2
16.3
0.5
25.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
7.1
9.2
-
12.1
0.6
o.,
-
1.8
0.1
0.1
0.4
7.1
2.3
i,.o
1.5
0.9
I.)
0.1
0.9
).I
O.l
0.2
0.2
Digitized by
,..
0.9
0.2
0.4
2.7
..
o.,
o.,
0.5
).I
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.5
o.,
I"
100.0
0.6
6).,
0.8
59.1
0.5
0.2
l.ot\Qahor...,, and ltevedot'fl
Garaqe laborers
la.borers for trvd. transfer, Ind CM coac,,,wilea, Ind holt len
Laborers. road and street
230
6')
100.0 100.0
5).1
0.5
0.1
O.t
0.6
Sai lora, decll.Mndt, and boat....,
!load ll"ld street trentportetlon I a.0 . 1
Chauff-.,r-s and truck and tractor drive,..
tera
Dr-,.e,n end t
o.,
2,2tll
100.0
0.4
2.6
o.,
I.)
2.2
1.,
Google
APPENDII C
215
193• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION. RACE. AND SEX. AND ALL
GAIIFUL WORHRS IN GENERAL l'OPUUTION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
,nERSON, NEW JERSEY-Con11 .. 0<1
Ta'1o 1'-UIEY,LOHD WORKERS ON RHI EF IIAY
Rn1u ,,,.
CENSUS
19,0
OCCUl'ATl(IIII
TOTM.
Tn,.1portation and cOMu"ication (conti,..ed)
Sh1i Jroac, tranqort1t,or , •. 0.1 lcontinuecil
Conductors (11 ... end strewt rai 1roed1J and bus cond&.tctor1
ror....,
and ow-er"Nera
Laorer1
Loc01110tive qineera
locOIIIOt ive
fi ,._,
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
Tel911r1ph and radio ooer1tor1
Teleli\on. operators
.. ALE
0.5
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
o.,
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
£xprns. Pott. radio, teleohone, a,d teleorapf'I 11.0.1
ExoreH -vents. express 1aHMnQer1, and rai 1-, c I erila
Mai I carrier,
Telephone #Id teleorapf'I I ln.-.n
Tel99r.,,_ ..,.1en9e,-s
TOTAL
0.1
0.1
0.1
•
lloto,..,.
S.i tchaan. 11....,., Md 1•rdllen
1141TE
FOIM.E
MALE
FBW.E
0.9
•
..
0.5
Other transportation Md coaunication pur111it1
fo,_,..,.
a,d
over ... ,,
•
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
o.,
0.3
o.,
0.3
0.2
13.6
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.9
6.8
7.2
0.1
o. 7
0.1
1.0
0,2
O.!
Laborers (Includes porters in 1tore1J
o. i
2.3
1.9
,roprietors le•cept retai I dealers)'
Reui I deal er,
S.le...-i and sale..,...,
Other pursuits in trecM"
0.6
0.2
1.1
2.0
0.2
0.2
1.6
1.8
o.•
Inspectors
Labortn
Proori etor1 ~ ....,-,era'
Other occuo,at ions•
Trodo
Ad¥ertising aoentl
Cc,inerci11I tr..,eler1
Oeliver,-en
floorwal llltn, for.,..,, and inspectors
ln111rance and rNI Htate aijl..,,ts, ...,,~•rs. and officials
-··
•
,.6
5.8
0.1
ll\lb1ic Mrvice
2.1
1.1
1.6
f'rofeHional Nrvice
Actors and lh011111en
Art.hi tec:U, desiQners, drtftl'llen, and inventors
Artilts, 1eulptor1, 'Ind teachers of art
lilu1ician1 ,1nd teachers of .-u1ic
Teachers
&.•
1.5
1.5
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.3
2.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
12.6
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
•• 6
Technical flftQlnNf'I
Trained nurses
Other professional pursulU"
S..iorofe,sior,,11 our.,its•
Attendants end helpers
D.3
0.8
1.,
0.5
0.2
B.o
Oot-estic and perlOl"lal service
Barbers, hairdreswr1. 1t1d ,qnicurists
brdina and IO<Sging house keepers
Bootblacks
Char'WOlllltn W clNn1r1
EI.vat or tenders
0.9
0.2
Hotel and rHlturant keepers Md 11Rt11Qers
Hou-"eeP9rs .-.d ste.ards
Jviitors lf'ld sewtons
laborers
l&tnderers and laundresMt (i,ot in 1aundryJ
o.•
o.,
la,ndr1 -,ct dry clewiu,q owner,.
Pot'ters (except in stores)
Pr act iul nurses
Servants
Wa, ters
Other put',ui u•
"'-W''MJUI, and
Cter,ul occup.1tion1
Agents, collectora, ,.nd Ct'edit ff'll!n
Bool.:kttpet's, cashiers. Md accounu,nu
Clerks not else--f'iere cl~ui fied
1-uenqer, errand, and office boy'I and qirh
!tenOQr'IIJher't Mfl typ1 'Ill
•
0.1
0.1
operatives
3.9
0.9
3.9
0.9
1.6
0.5
0.3
0,3
0.3
0.1
o.,
0.8
0.2
N.9
0.5
0.3
0.1
D.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.5
o.•
0.3
0.1
0.1
o.,
1.2
0.2
0.3
2.5
0.7
0.2
0.8
o.,
2.0
0.6
0.2
1.3
9.7
3.,
0.3
2.6
0.1
•.9
0.2
1.7
0.6
2.0
0.3
D.•
10.9
0.1
o. 7
7 ·'
2:2
0.9
0.9
0.9
6.0
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.8
1.3
2.8
0.1
o.,
2.0
0.3
1.3
3.3
1'.8
2.6
7 .8
7.3
0.3
1.6
3.1
0.3
2.0
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
216
Tobie 13-UNEMPLOTCO •ORKUS ON RELIEF MAJ 19)4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOII, UCE, AID SEX, AID ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPIJU.TION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
PITTSBURGH,
P[NNSYLVANIA
tllLIIEf 19Jt
CIOtul
OCCU,ATIOIII
Total workers re,ort ing:
A9ric11ltvre
Fa,-rs (a-ner1
F.,. I•borers
19JO
IIMITI
AIID
TOTAL,___ _
_ _ _.NIIIIIO
__ _
_OTH81
__
TOTAL
=-~t
and ten.anti} and f•n1
•nae•r•
IIMLI
FeMU
IMLI
F81AL.I
278,591
100,0
50,0&I
100.0
30,BIM
1,1110
100.0
8,218
100.0
3,89Z
100.0
0,J
0.1
LO
0,3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0,1
0.1
0.9
0,5
0.3
0.J
Fislling anc:I forntry 11
0.3
Extraction of ■ineral1c
llanufactwrlng and aecnan1cal induatriea
Bake.-.
8lack•ith1. forgeaen 0 MO "-ntan
Boi lemu.erl
Brick and stone •1orw and t I le layers
lu i Id i ng contrK tori
Carpente,..
Oro. .kera. ,._., rnsn. and
■i
0.3
1.t
2.0
3,9
34.•
•5.4
55.5
0.5
0.2
o.6
0,9
51,7
0,J
0.5
0.2
I.I
0,1
0.3
0.5
0,3
0.3
0,3
1.6
0.5
1.•
2,5
3,8
0,4
0.7
0.9
0.2
0,4
1.0
0.1
11 iners
Electricians
Enginaer1 l1tationer')'J, er....,., etc.
Fi , ...n (except I occnot iwe and fire department J
Fore111111 and o;oerswra (NnufacturingJ
Furnac...,... . . . itemen, heatert, and puddlert
Machinists, •ii l•righll, tool1Mkers, die tellers
Managers encl officials "9,anufacturingJ and unufacturtn
Ytchani cs not otherwi H sp.c if i ed
Painters, 9lazier1, .,. . Jars, etc.
fllper hangers
Pl uterera and c...,,t finishers
PILllbers and ljlU and st. . fitters
Roofers and I I aters
Shoeiukera and cobblers (not in factory)
Skilled •orQrs in printingd
Skilled workers not eltM'lere claui(iect•
Stl'\lctural iron workers
Tai Iors and tallornan
Ti,..ith1 and copper•ithl
Operat lvn
Bui Iding industry
Cheaical and al I led lnC1u1triHf
Ci;ar and tobacco factoriH
Clay. ;lasa. and stone indu1tri11 1
Clothing induatri11"
food and al I ied industriH 1
0,1
0.2
1.5
1.•
0.5
0.5
0.7
o.•
1.9
~!:• -~•=~i i:ond
indl.strin
j:::r::yatriHg
Iron and stNI, NChinery, etc. lndustrlea.i
L.uneer and furniture industrie,■
Other nanufacturing industrietq
Transportation and co,a,,nicat ion
Water tren1portat ion I a.o. I
Longshorenen and stevmores
S.i Iors, deckhands, and boat.n
Road and strNl transportation 1a.o.1
Chauffeurs and truck 11.nd tractor drivers
Dra)'llltn and teaasters
GarAie 1aborerg
Ulborers for truck, transfer, and catl companlH, and hostlers
Laborers, road and street
Railroad trahsportetion 11.0.J
BaQgag.,.n, freight agents, ticket and station agents
Boiler .ashers and engine hostlers
Brai.-n latelfll r•i I rc.i 1
0,3
1.,
0.1
0,5
0,2
0.2
0.3
0.1
2.6
0.1
1,4
2.2
2.9
2.6
1.0
0.2
0.2
2. 7
3,8
0.5
1,7
0,2
2. 7
0.5
0.3
1,3
0,1
1.3
1.0
1,1
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.6
0.9
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.8
0.5
0.2
0,3
0,3
o.•
0.1
0.1
0,1
0,1
0.2
0.2
0,1
0,2
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.3
1.0
4,0
0.5
0,5
0,2
2.3
3,3
0,3
0,2
1.5
o.s
1.5
0.1
0,3
0.2
0,1
1.7
3,6
0.3
o.s
O.f
1.4
0,J
2.2
10,1
0,3
o.•
2,7
0.9
0.5
0.2
•
1.2
2.0
0.2
1.8
1,4
0.9
7.J
0.J
0.6
1,6
o.•-
18.6
0,5
-
1,4
-
0.1
6.1
0.1
0.2
II.I
0.1
1,9
0.2
0.8
0,2
1.1
14.6
17.6
5,3
18.2
-
0,2
7.0
0.J
-
o.•
2.5
0.1
0.4
2,9
-
-
8.9
0.5
1.0
0.5
o•
n5
-
0.2
1.,
0,3
0.1
0.6
o.•
•
5.7
n,•
0.6
0.J
0.3
2.9
0.2
0.2
0.1
o. 7
0.7
L2
0. 7
0.2
o.•
0.1
0.3
0.5
o.•
0.2
1,2
0.2
0.1
0,4
0.1
0.J
0.1
0.4
2.3
laborers
~~~:T•.:":~~!;/~:~,.~~if ied
0.9
2.4
1,5
2.0
0.7
5.7
1.2
o.•
0.9
Iron and ltNI I IIIIChlnery. etc. indu1trieJ
Metal industries. rcept iron and slNl 11
LNther lnduslriH
unbar and furniture Industries•
Paper, printing, and allied Industries"
Textile in:tuslrles0
01.her Mnufacturing and not specified induatriesP
o.,
100.0
0.3
0.3
..
Digitized by
0.1
-
4.•
Google
0.1
o.•
217
APPENDIX C
TOI• n-u•CWPLOl'ED IORKERS o• R(LIEF WAY 1934 CLASSIFl(O BY OCCUPATIO• . ucc. uo SEX. AND ALL
«.AINF UL IORKERS IN GE.CRAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
P I TTS8URGl1 .
PENKSYLVAN I
A-Co•U • ••d
,.,.,
C£N9J5
OCCUPAT l c»I
TOTAL
IIUTE
W&l[
Tr.,sPOrtat i o,, and COl'llllun i ca ti o,, (co i, t inuf'dl
ilailroad tr.,tPOrtat,on ••. o . J {cont i nue::i)
Conductor~ l 1\e-1Y1 and strNt r.i i lro.-!s l and bus condl.K:tors
F'or9'1'11tft -tnd overseers
Uborers
0.4
0. 1
1.4
0.2
0.2
0.3
0. 1
l.ocOl'IIOli'l'e tnQi,,8"rs
Loc.CWl'!Otiwe fir....-,
Voto,,,_,
S.itctw.'I, flaq,ien, and yardllion
[xpr•u . fl01l , rad io , tel~one , end televracih I a.o . ,
lxpren
norus mes5.en9en . 11\d r,11 ..,. iaail cl erhs
Wai I c•rr ie-rs
Telephcne ,rid tele;rapi'I I i ~
•9•"'·
hlegr•"' -,ue,ge-rs
Te legrai,h iW'w:I r.t io oper111lor'S
0. 1
0. 2
0.2
0.1
0. 2
o.e
fe l ~one ooer•tou
lll[Glil) MO OTHER
IOTAI.
0.;1
0.1
1.6
0.1
0.5
0. 2
0.1
.
0.1
0.3
0. 2
0.1
0. 6
0.5
0. 2
1.9
0.1
0.9
0.3
0.1
F8UJ..E
0.5
WAlE
IOIALE
2.0
0.3
0.2
0.1
o.••
o.,
•
0.2
4.6
Other tr..,,pcrtation ..,d C01111111Ut1icat i on our111its
F'oreiw,i and cweraeers
lnspecton
u.borers
flroorietort arid ...,. . . ,.,,
Ottrter oc:cuo,at ions•
T,_
~ i t i n4j
eo-nts
C.0.-.rc i al travel er-s
Dtl i wery111m
F100,.U1en, f o ~ . .cl i uoecton
l ntur!S'Ce a,<11 rNI nt11te IIOants , ,._.,a,ger1, end orf i t i 11 s
0. 1
0. 2
0.2
0.4
0. 2
16 . 9
0. 1
0.9
0 .4
0.1
0.3
0. l
0.1
0. 1
0. 2
10. 1
0. 1
o.•
0. 6
0.2
0. l
0. 1
o.,
10. B
18. 4
0.1
0.6
2.1
0. 2
1. 5
0. 1
0.3
laborers 1includn porters i n stores)
1.4
0.1
0.9
0.3
I. I
0.3
Proprietors l••c.-pt r•tli 1 dellenJ'
Retai l dN,l ers
S1te-.n and t.t.le,.,,_,,
Other pursui U in ,,...,_.,
0.8
0 .8
5. 2
0.5
1.0
1.1
4.3
0.7
'-,1,l lc Nrvlce
3,7
7.7
0.5
2.6
ProfN ■ ion•I
7.7
1.5
I. 7
2.0
Acton Md IN..-i
t:reh i tects . dH i9ners. dr1ft11Nn , and inventors
Art i 1U, sculptors , and teacher, of art
W.,1icill'II Md teechers of 111,1ic
fMC:her1
O.t
0.6
0.1
0.4
1. 6
•
0. 1
0. 1
0. 3
0. 1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0. 4
TKhn i cal eng i t\eert
Trained nur~
Other profenio,..1 c,ur,ui uw
S..iprofessional pura, i ts•
Attencia,,U #Id helpers
0.7
1.2
2.2
0 .4
0.4
0.2
0. 1
0.1
0.1
0. 4
0.1
0. 2
0.5
0.4
13. 6
18. 9
0.7
0. 1
0. 1
0. 2
0. 4
4.4
0.1
0. 4
0. 1
--·
..n,ic•
~ I l le end pe,nonal terv i«
Berbers. he i rdrttHrt1 , and ..--i cur i 1t1
Board l n9 .,d lodg i f'\V houae ktepers
Booulack1
0 .8
0.4
•
°'•
0.2
0. 2
0.5
.
2.2
o.4
0.4
17. 4
0.2
0.9
.
0.6
0.6
0. 2
0. 2
0.7
0.4
0.4
0. 2
5.5
0.2
0.6
0.8
0 .5
0.2
5.5
1.4
0 .9
0. 6
0.1
3.0
•
1.6
~ -0
1.4
o.,
U.7
1. 8
2.1
1.6
0.8
5. 6
0.1
1.1
3.)
0. 1
1.0
5.6
0.2
1.0
) .9
0.2
0.3
1.8
1.0
3-6
2.9
6.8
3.7
2.0
0.4
6-1.4
3.6
1). 9
o.4
1.5
0.1
Cl•rJul occup1ti0111
~ u . collectors, lftd credit ...,
l!lic..o.i...,.,., calh i ers , and acco-,nta,U
C lens not 111..iwre clas1 i f i ed
: - • ~ r . err.a, .,d office b<>y's and gi rls
t.-.ogra,hera Md t1pi sts
'-t- . . ., ... ff-■ t , NI,
.
0.4
1.1
0. 8
2. B
S.rvenu
0.3
0.4
0. 3
0.6
.,._iten
Other PUrsui u•
o.,
o.,
0.2
0.)
10.1
1.4
90.3
1.6
Por-1.1rs (e,i:uot i n 1toresJ
Pr11etical nurNI
0.4
17. 7
o.,
end operat i vu
2.,
0.5
45. 0
2. 0
0.4
0.4
0.6
1.4
0. 2
0.6
Incl dry cletninq 011ners , -.n■e•r•.
0.7
0. 2
Hotel and rnt ■urant k~r• Md -..nagers
ko..,Nkeeperl and !l991rdl
J.-. i tora -,a
laborers
La.ancteren .-w:I la,ndrHHI (not in la,ndryl
L..ndry
0.3
0. 2
O.B
0. 4
0 .3
.
o.,
0.3
f1IOllllin _,d CI _,er■
(levator tenders
'"'°"'
0.7
1.0
1.2
•
4.6
14.1
0.5
2.0
7.9
0 .6
3.1
4. 2
4 .6
0. 2
0.4
5. 1
0. 2
1.1
]33065 0-37--J8
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Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
218
r . . ,. 1'-UN[MPLOHO •ofU[RS OIi R[U[r MU It)• cuss1rico 8Y OCCUPATION, RAC[, HD sex, AND ALL
GAINFUL .ORKCRS ,. C[N[UL POPULATION 1830 CLASS1r1cD 8T OCCUPATION,•
N>RTLHD, IIAIN[
OCQ.PATIClf
TOTAL
Total
r
reoort 119:
r-1
Agr lcultwr
Fa
r-1
(Cl"tlllrl arcJ ltNnUJ WO f rw • ~ r " I
Fa,- laborers
Flal,lo,g •"" for. .,,,..
:,0,522
1,llllO
100,0
100.0
1,508
100.0
0.8
1.8
0.2
1.6
1.8
2.,
o.,
2.1
2.,
0.1
0.1
42.3
0.9
0.5
,e.e
o.,
0.5
0.9
lnera1aC
Extraction of
haftlcal 1,_.ustr ltt
llfllnufactur- lng a/Id
Bolte.-.
81acktallhl. for
n, and .__.men
1o11,,,..q,.,
Brick and stone •.sona nd t lie layers
lulldlng Cot\trac-ton
o.,
0,6
2.,
Carpenters
,
tre
Ore, ... r-1,
fleet de lens
Ert1Nera (atatloneryJ, c
24.9
0.6
0.2
0.1
Md
111inen
, etc.
Fire.en (except locOIOt Ive ard fire Otpert•nt )
0.6
0.6
o. 7
0.3
1.0
0.7
2,9
0.5
o.,
0.9
,. 7
0.3
1.5
0.9
0.5
1.9
1.2
0.7
1.t
1.5
1.5
1.8
2.,
2.,
Paint rs, 9la.zlers, 1nMel1r1, etc.
1.5
2.8
,.6
Paper t.ngera
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.1
r1Nra (_,_, fec-tur- l trgJ
n, heaters and puddlers
It
n,
rurr~
tters
lnlsta, •l11-,.lghta, tool•Qrs, and die
Mlnegera end offlclah l•nufactvrlngJ and ~fac.t1,1rera
hanlc.a not otht,.. IN specified
n\ f l nlUllrs
Pl sttr'9ra a.nd
Phnbera nd ,aa and ate.• f I ttera
Roofers and 1lat1ra
_ , . _ , , . and c..-loro loot In factory)
rl<ers In pr lntlo,g'
Sldllod
rt cluslfl~
Skllled worker-a not el
Stn,ctural Iron worti.rt
Tai lora and ta I lor-.ue1
TINfll1tha and coppe,-•ltha
0.2
0.8
0.9
0. 1
0.5
0. 7
o.,
0.5
o.,
0.8
o.,
o.e
2.,
0.7
o.,
1.2
0.4
1,5
0.5
0. 1
O.l
0.1
Ct.. lcal and 111 led lndu.tr l af
Cft•,. and tobacco fec.tor les
Clay. glau. and atore lnduatrl ,t
Clothing l ndu t,- lu"
Food and 11 lld hldustrles 1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.8
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
1 ,2
f,-on and ateel. NChlntry. etc. lndustrluJ
Wetal lnduatr-lH, e:JCCept i ron atld atNILNther l ndu tr le 1
LJ,ilber and furnlturw l ndustrle.Pa,er, pr i nt Ir.a. end all led lndustriu•
Ten il1 l ndu.atriea0
Othe,- ..,.,factur l"9 and not apeclf ied l ndvstrluP
0.5
0.2
0. 6
0.5
o.,
2e.1
1o.,.,
0.5
f1'II
20.0
1.2
0.5
n and
10
IOJ.O
o. 7
1.)
For
,,.
100.0
()pef'llt l¥t:a
Building lnd.,.try
5.6
1. 7
0.2
I, 7
o.,
1.4
0.5
0.1
1.2
food and all led lndu trles 1
Iron and UNI, aac.hlnery. ate. lndustriuJ
UIClitr and furniture lnduatrle.Othar •nufac-turlng lndv1tdes'I
r,..,.pgrtat Ion and coin,nlc.at Ion
Wate,- tran,portatlon tt.0.1
Longsho.--n and atevedOf'es
Sailors, deck.herds, aACI boat1t11n
1.7
0.2
0.2
2.1
0.1
1.9
1.t
o.,
0.9
1.,
0. 4
1.0
0.5
0.8
5, 7
1.,
o.,
0.2
0.9
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.3
0.)
0.1
0.5
1,.2
22.1
27.9
1.8
0.5
,.a
o.,
6.0
0.5
o.,
2.3
18.0
0.J
~1'11
llulldlng, gene.-.1, and not apoclflod ,,...,.., ;
Chea lcal and all ltd l nduatrlu'
Clay. glua, and atON lndustrle ..
0.9
0.9
0.1
0.t
2.1
0. 5
1.2
o.,
o.,
o. 7
1.8
40.0
Road and street transportation u.o. 1
Chauffeurs and truck and tr-actor driver-a
o,..,,_" atWJ
teanaters
Garege I borer,
Laborer-a for tn,c:11 , transfer, elld c.eb CCIIIIPlln iu. and hostlers
1..1,borera, road and street
::,Y.r _;._:.,,...~t ~:•~~~=! and atatlon egent,
Railroad transportat loti la.o. f
Bra
1
n {at ... railroad
2.8
0.3
7.2
o.,
9.3
0.J
o.4
0.4
3. 2
0.5
,.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.5
0,1
0.1
0.7
0.1
o.,
20.0
0. 5
0.1
0.1
0.4
Digitized by
Google
8
100.0
219
APPENDIX C
Tabh 1)-U•EMPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF IIAY 1934 CLASS IF 1(0 BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, AID All
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CUSSIFIEO BY DCCUPATIO•,•
PORTLAND. MAINE-Co11&l1t ■ •d
RELIEF
CENSu>
0.:C~ATION
1\))0
TOTAL
TOTAL
IMU
Tren1port ■ t
l.llbo~rs
LocCJIIIOt Ive engil'INr'I
LocOflOtive fir~n
lmlOfflfn
S.itc!Met1. flaq,en. and )' ■ rdften
Express, post, rlletio, telephe>M,
0.5
0.2
1.0
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
■ rd
telegraph u.0.1
bprH1 19enU, eic:preas ftl!'sHngers, and rail•1 flllil clerli:s
lllli l carriers
Telephone and telegraph I i,...n
TelecJraph 118SM"9f'f'S
Tehtgn1ph 111nd radio operators
Telephone operators
Other transpo,.tat ion ard c01MUnicat ion pursuits
Forefllltn and cwerNers
Inspectors
L,lborers
ProCI" ietors ■ nd ... ~r•'
Olhtr occupations•
Trlldo
Advertising agents
C0'1119rciat travelP.rs
Ott iverJ"'ll!n
floon.ll1ers. ro,...n. and inspectors
lnaurance and real Htate &9t!nts, •~rs, ard officials
-bay•
.
NEGRO AND OT.el
........ ...... ......
ion and CO"'l'\lnicat ion (cont inuedJ
Railroad tran~porUI ion l•.o. I (cont inuedJ
Corduc:1on {st•• .,r,c1 ~lre-i!'t ra i 1roacssJ 111'1d bus conductors
Forf"llt'n ancr ovf'rseers
Labor.-■
. ,.
at I TE
I includes parters i" stornJ
l'raprietor■ texcept retail dealer ■ Jt
A.tall delllers
S.t,_n 11nd HlesllO'llen
Other pur11o1its in trade"
0,3
0.)
0.3
.
0,3
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.7
0.4
19.l
0.)
1.7
0.)
0.1
1.6
0.8
0.1
1.)
4.2
8.1
0,6
0.1
0.2
2.1
0,1
0.)
2.4
0.)
0.4
O.)
-
0.)
0.5
0.2
0.3
-
-
-
0.4
--
-
-
0.5
20.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8.8
0.1
8.0
0.1
12.0
0.1
0.1
-
1.9
2.4
0.8
4.2
1.0
I.I
2.6
0.8
-
--
0.9
-
P'ubl le service
4.)
1.2
1.6
Prof111 i ona 1 serv i ct
ActOf'I •nd s...,._n
Architects, dt1lgner1, draftlr111tn, and inwentors
Art ista. sculptors, and tNct.rs of art
..,.,ciaM and te11etwrs of 111111c
Tuchrtra
9.,
0.2
0.)
0.1
0.5
2.1
1.B
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
-
-
I,)
-
0.1
-
-
--
10.1
1.9
). 7
--
1.4
0.9
0.1
-
0.6
0.9
1).5
1,2
0.8
0.1
0.2
0.2
15.)
0.5
5.4
0.5
47.5
0.5
0.)
0,)
0,4
Hott I a,-:t r.staurant kiNpers and •nagera
HouNkeepera and st ... rds
Janitors and sextons
i..ttc,rers
Launchtrera and I a undresses lnot in lau,-:tryJ
0.4
1,1
0.8
0.2
0.2
-
0.)
o. 7
0.1
0.)
1.4
-
Laundry and dry de11nlng Cllffert, l'lflMgera, a,-:t operatives
Porters 1e11cept In stores)
Pract lc ■ I nuraes
Servant,
Waitara
Ott.r pursuit_.
I.I
0.1
0.7
5.1
1.2
0.1
0.9
7.6
2.)
0.2
14.0
0.5
3.5
6,3
0.2
).5
4.e
0,)
o. 7
2.)
0.5
1.0
Technlcal engireert
Traiftld ""'rNt
Ottwr prof111ional pursuits"
S..lprofesalonal pursuit~
Atltrclanta and helpers
Daalatic a,-:t pertonel Nrvlc.
lerblrs, haird"9tHrt, ard •nicurists
Boord Ing_,., lodging houu i.opors
-block ■
Charwoiien and cleaners
[1..,ator terders
Citric.al oc:cup1t Ions
Agents, collectora, and cr.dit nen
Bookkeepers, cash iars. and accountants
Clerks not el.....,.rt clasaified
••unger, errand. arm office boys and girls
Stenographers a,-:t typlata
0.6
1.9
2.5
0.6
0.5
o.,
0.1
-
-
1.8
-
--
-
0.7
0.4
0.2
----
1.3
0.5
--
-
-
0.1
o. 7
-
-
--
-
-
-
O.)
0.8
0.1
-
1.4
-
-
0.5
0.5
-
-
1.4
0.5
6.0
2.1
0.4
4.1
24.4
a. 7
--
0.3
-
4.2
6.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
---
40.0
-
--
40.0
-
0.)
0.4
2.8
0.7
1.8
0.5
-
4.6
Digitized by
-
-
-
0.4
o. 7
0.2
0.1
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
------
--
-----
100.0
-
25.0
-
75.0
--
---
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
220
Table IJ-UN[IIIPLOY£0 •ORlt:£RS ON RELIEF WAY
GA I Nrut IORIC[RS
t~H CLASSIF'l[D RY OCCUPATION, RAC(.
IN GE N(R.t.L POPULATION
PORTSMOUTH.
t 930
ANO SEX,
ANO All
CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION.•
N(l/f HAMPSHIRE
Mil l[F
OCCUPATION
TOT.II.
.lgr,cwl ture
F,Hfflers fowners ,u"ld tenants) and fa,,. ""1Mgers
Fam l,1borer:s.
F,&hing "nd forHtr, 111
E•trai;t ion of m,neral sc
.... ,
1no
7
100.~
1.,
2.~
1,.)
0.5
:.9
0.6
1.9
14.)
1.,
J. I
0.6
6). 7
f\rick .1.IYI stone ma:sons ,no tile l,11y~rs
8uildiriy c.ontr.xtors
1.,
1.9
Carr""'"''"'
OresSIT\:!i~f"rs,
1.•
1. I
0.5
0.5
1.9
0.5
0.6
1.5
Rl,.c.11..sm,t1-s, for911!'-n, .\J\11 h.wlnil!~n
Roi I erm.akt>rs
.... ,
)7
100.0
100.0
0.5
R/lkers
NEGRO ANt• OTI-IEA
FEMM.£
207
100.0
~-1
1.,
1.0
lihNAf.Cturinq and 1"19c~nical industries
,.,.
'Mtl T[
79. 7
14.J
1.9
1.3
~ s t res~s. and •i 11, n,-rs
[l~tric,An"'o
fngifW't"rs l~t'ltion'tryl, crvw.•~n. etc.
Firerae-n (e•cept locO"W)tive and fire department)
o. 5
Fc,r,,,,rrer, ,lM Ov.!rs~rs {-n;sr,..,f.teturin~I
Furn.,c~n. ~ I tenren, ti,ntf>rs. ,1rw1 pU"ktlcrs
lilllcl'l1n1sts, 1111llwr1~hh, tooll"IAll.t!rs, .and die setters
Mal'\,,)qers and offic,al~ (""111uhdurira~I and ~nufacturt-rs
Wie-chan1c5, not other•ise 5,pt--c1f1ed
7.9
l,R
P!!iintMs, qlaziers, l"Ml'l!lers, etc.
,.a
6.)
2. 7
0.5
0.6
Paper h,n,,er"J.
PIA!'.terer~ ,Ind c~lll"nt f ,ni!'.~rs.
Pltl"llbers .3nd g1s ,1nd str&IP fitters
Roofers snd slAlers
ShoemAi.ers 1nd cobbh•r!'. fnot in r.sctory)
S.,lled -ori.l!r!o 1n pr,ntin~d
Skil l@d wori.@rs not rlse-.here cla!.5ified•
Structur111 ir-on -ork~rs
fail ors dnri t,1dorl"'J,St!S
Ti n~.1 ths tnd copper~i t~s
()peraiti~s
Build,nq i"'1ustry
Cheniul ,1nd ,,.11 ,e:t irtdustries'
Cigar .snrl tobacco f~clor,es
Clay, glas-s, and stone 11vtustrip5\1
Clothing industries~
F'ood and al I ied industnes 1
Iron and sti,el, "ISchinery, ~tc. irvtu~1r1esi
Metal ir-dustr,es, e•cept iron and stl"l"I._
l.eath@r ir.:tust ril"s 1
ll.M't>er and furn1 ture indust ril"s•
P4')er, prin\1<"19, tnd all;~ in1ustr1es"
Tedile industriH 0
Other manuhctur,ng and not specified il'dustriesP
0.6
0.5
1.9
0.5
o. 5
1.5
o.~
0.6
0.6
0.5
o.~
14. J
0.5
0.5
4.R
0.5
9. 1
6.7
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.6
6.9
...
3.9
21.6
2. 7
1.1
l..tborers
Ruilr1,ng, gP.nl!'ral, and not specified industriu
Cheniul arv;I allied in.1ustries'
Chy, glass, ,.1nd stone in:1ustrie~\1
F"ood dnd al I ied industriesI
Iron .ind steel, "'11Ch,nery, etc. •r-dustriesJ
ID. I
0.5
13. 1
t.O
0.6
1.3
1.9
2.S
7. 7
!0.J
l ~ r a.nd furniture industries•
Other ''lllfh.1facturing industr1f'Sq
Transportation !!Ind COOWl'Unicat ion
•ter tr,'Jnsportal ion ls.o. I
longshoremen and stevedores
Sailors, deck~nds, and boatn-en
Road .PJind street tran!.porlation ls.o. J
Chauffeurs and truck 1nd tractor drivers
Draynten and tea,nsters
Garage laborers
Laborers for trL.1Ck, tran!.fer,11.nd cab cCJ'ipanie!., and hostlers
Laborer:-, road dnd street
2.9
3.8
0.5
0.6
Railroad tran5portat1on ls.o.J
Baggagemen, freight agents, ticket and station agents
Doil er •shers and engine hostlers
Brakefflen (steam ra i I road)
Digitized by
Google
F(llilM.E
)
100.0
221
APPENDIX C
ht.le t)-UIIOIPLOYEO '#CWKfRS 0"'1 ~ELIEF IIA.Y 1034 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION. RACE. AND SEX 1 ANO ALL
GAINF"Ul W'JPl(rqs IN G(H[PAL POPULATtOfrrt 1~30 CLASSIF'l[O BY OCCUPATION, ..
POIH$"1~'JfH.
,C[AI HAIIPSH I RE-Corn Ul.l•d
.
RCLl[F
, .,
CflrfSUS
OCCuPUIO"
TOTAL
19~
9HI TE
TOTM.
\UI.£
FE~Al.£
VAL£
HMM.E
TrJnsportdt1on ,111 CO""""ur,1c-,t,on lc;nt,nuec,)
RA1lnn:t tn.n\port,ltion ls.0.1 tcont,nut>1)
r:orductor~ l~tt?.:ir.- trY! street ,.,_,!ro.1.::!SI -,n•J bus cond....ctors
f:or~n .an1 ov~,,.~~r!•
l,,_t,or,ns
lor'1N'll •
.,f!
0.5
enJHieers
LocY"Ot,ve frre~ri
l,lroto,-,...-n
S.,tc ..,~. fl'li~n. Jnd
r..r.pre::.s,
pest, ra::tio,
,11rc:r,'len
telept--ot'l!!, and tele,r"ph 1s.o,,
[,q;r~v, "'g~r• ... e•cress ~~"'Jers, ,nd rsd•:t1 l""dil clerks
""",I c.srr 1~r-.
Tel"'"i-o~ .1"1 tel~~r.tph I tne<N?.,
Telev1pl1 l'l'lf:'i.!>f"r'Jt"(S
Te1einP'°'
v1~
r-iJ10
ooentc.rs
Tel1?p1u~ ~n~'Jrs
Other transportllt iuri ,n; C()flfflun1cat ion pursuits
~or~n t1nd o.-c-r~ers
Inspectors
Laborers
PVipr ,etor'!> ,.,_nd .,..,,.,,,.~,,.,.
:Jtl-.er occupst 1r,ns 1
Tr•dl!'
0.5
0.6
12.1
11.A
1.0
1.5
1.)
A. I
Advl!rtis•nJ ,1,~enls
C""""'rc,il lraYelers
Del , .. ~ry"'ll'!n
t.9
Floorwalkers, rorl'!f'en, dnd ,nSDectors
lnsurtJnce i'lnd r!?al estAitl!t 'l.g~nts, r:dnd~ers, •nj off1ciAils
•.J
5.6
t.•
3.9
1.9
3. 1
Pub I ic service
?.•
2.5
Profe'.ssional s,e,.-..,ice
1.9
1.3
l11Mrers {includes porten. in stores)
~•sboys
Proprietors rucept ret"'i t je,tl ers) t
l?eta,I d,e;,.lers
5.-slesmen ard sale~n
Other pursu1U in tra.de:M
Actors and sho"'1W"n
Ard,i tl"Ct,. ~s19neri. dr11fts1t1t-n, and ir,v,entors
Art,sts, sc•Jlptors, ari::J teachers of art
Wusic1A1ns tnd teachers of ....,-.ic
8.1
IC. 2
2. 7
o.s
0.5
IC.3
t•.3
o. 7
Teiichers
Techn,u,1 e~ineers
Tr4,ne,1 nur-.es
Ot~r prof~n,onal pursuits"
O.•
2. 7
0.5
0.6
tc.5
0.5
?.5
Seff'l1professional pursuits•
At lendants anrl helpers
~ t i c and personal w,,.-..,ice
&1r~rs, h4ir:1ressers, and l'\,Jn;curists
Po,1rdi~ and IOdQ•'Wil house keepers
o. 5
Bootblacks
0.5
SC.I
2. 7
2. 7
,2.9
100.0
t•.3
Char~,, and cleaoe-rs
Elhstor ten:1ers
Hot•I and restaurAnt i.eepwrs Md "Un.1_;ers
Hovsekeepe,r!\ and ste-arlS
Jctn, tors anJ se11.tons
L4borers
Launderers and l11,u,-.,Jr~w,a (not in laundry!
L4un,fry ,1nd dry cle.1ni1"9 ~ r s . r,ianagers, and operatiYes
Po, tel's {e11.c!'pl in stores)
Practical nursH
Servi,nts.
lai-te,-s
0.6
1).5
1.•
5.•
1.5
5.3
1.9
0.6
1. 3
8.1
16.2
5.5
2.9
Other pur~ui ts•
Clerical occupationJ
1.0
5.•
1.0
5.•
33.)
?!1.6
66. 7
::nts. collectors, and cre:lit llll!'n
CJ 1..1,c..,~ers, CdS~iers, and ucountanls
~ l!r~s not els-here classified
:s~"ger, errand, aM office boys Md girls
51
"ogr-aph@rs M-d typ is.ts
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORIBRS ON RELIBF
222
Tobi• 1)-U•t•PL0Y[D WOll •ERS o• l[lltf IIAY 193• CLASSlr!ED BY OCCUPAI 1011, RACE, U0 SO, AMO ALL
G• •••uL •OIIKtNS IN ,COE UL P0PULATI0• 19"!0 CLlSSlfl[D BY OCCUPATIOII,•
PROV I 0E•CE. 111<00[ I 5LU0
Total
._,
Percent
,.,,,... rePOf'\ing ;
Agr,c1.1lture
F,,_,.,
...
, •us
C
CICCUl'UI
IQlllll"lera ana tenenuJ a,-, fara
fan1 l.aor1rt
•Mil•'•
TOl'AL
TOUL
112,3)1
100.0
IDD.O
0.5
0.1
0.4
r1iJ'l1ng .,.., lore.atry•
C.tract
'°" of
1ner1h,c
44. 5
0.6
0.2
0.1
li6anuractwririg ena aec,,..,-,c..l 1nou1tr1n
.,.
1!11«.k••l"I, t~.-..
ao,1,,.....,,,
8riclr.
ana
~
o.,
no atane l'IIUon.a ana t de la,1r1
lv1 lou~ contract.ors
0,4
Y!rpen11ra
1.6
0.4
0.6
0.6
D r e ~ • ...,.trnaa, ano ••llinera
EleurlciaN
Cne,,..,s lttatlonaryJ, era,,,...,,, ttc.
r,,....,. (e ept loc:CJ110t•ve ano firt deo,art
tJ
0,)
F'o,...,..., .,-, o,,e, ... ~ t-,,.,,fa:twr,ngJ
t1r1, and CIYddlera
fi,,rn.eceatr1, -lttr'Nn,
lrillchln,su, .,,11r19"U, tool•iilert,.,., Clfl Hlltra
~ " MO 0H,cial1 {..wfactwr,,.,J ilftd ..,.tachfftrl
liltchan1u not other.. ,N aoeclt 1.0
2.t
,.,ni,,,, glaz,,,.., ~lira,
1.6
etc.
Paperh#t9t:r1
t fln11her1
Plaster.rs Md c.
Pl~rs .,-, u And 11,.. t ltt1r1
ooter,
Mid
1.6
I.I
0.2
0.6
0.1
1lat1rs
S,,Qilla&Qrt a.rid c.oooltra (not In factor1J
SK.ti.a .torktrs in printing•
rker-s not el
Std I led
rktra
Stn,eture1 Iron
I,)
re eland 1ea•
0,)
0.7
2.2
,00,
5,228
IOD.0
•oe
2,154
IDD.O
IDD.0
I.I
1.3
0.3
2.2
I.I
0.6
I.)
0.)
2.2
0,1
0.9
0.1
0,1
60. 4
0.5
0.2
61,7
0.8
0.)
L2
0.4
ll.3
66.)
0.8
O.l
213
1DD.O
0.7
0.1
2. 3
),)
0.4
0,5
0,3
0.7
0.1
0.4
0,8
0.5
0. 2
2.0
0.2
1,5
0.1
0.2
2.8
0.2
2.3
•
1.5
4.2
0.1
1,0
0.8
0.2
5.8
0.1
0.6
2.2
I,)
•
1,5
2.1
1.5
I, 7
0.1
3.0
o.,
0.1
1,2
O.)
o.,
0.2
0.5
0.8
2. 7
),I
0.)
o.,
1.,
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.2
0,)
a.r,o teil 1otnsH
Tln.,.lths and copper1111,tns
0,4
0.5
•
0.1
Operetl'IH
lul ld111Q lnck.lstry
Chaicel ana •I I ltd 1ndustrluf
0.1
0,2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0,2
0.3
0.7
Clotning HICJullrtM,.
Fooo an::i .,1 ... ifldustr1u 1
0.1
0.5
0.•
0.)
0.6
o. 1
0.)
0.2
0,5
0.1
1.9
•
•
1.5
Iron ard StNI, .cn1nery. tic. 1noualr1er
lrilelal 1nckil1tr1u, ,xcept iron ano 11•1"
2. 4
),I
5,5
10.)
0.4
).8
6.1
r • .iors
Cigar
and 1obeeeo
Cl y, glau,
and
factoriu
alone inoustne1t
1
le•tMr U!0.1Str1u
Laaber and furniture lnck.lltr••••
Paow. pnnt,ng. and allied 1nd&nlrlu"
T ti 11 lnous1r1u•
OltHtr -.anufacturlng atld not IPIC'.if eel IM"strin'
0.1
0.2
o.,
0,)
0.5
7.2
5.1
U.7
5.2
1.5
0.2
0,1
0.1
0.8
2.9
0.2
0,4
0.)
8.6
5.)
1.,
.
1.1
0.1
1.4
25.1
•
1.4
0.8
0.1
I.I
22.8
6.1
·
4.4
,.2
•
•
10.•
0.7
2.2
l&Dorera
~~~!J• !,en:~~!~~":~,~~if1eo
~!:• !!•:,i i::,:::,::!ystrl11
inouttrltt
1
Iron and lteel, ~hlMry, etc. ll'IOintrlHJ
U.•er --, furn, ture lnduatr,u•
Ottter •nufactur1ng 1no111trie1q
rr-•naportat,on and COlll'\lnicat Ion
••t•r tranaponat lon i..0.1
longshor ...n and steveooru
S.1 Iara, detkhancit, end ooetMen
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.0
).5
0.2
0.1
•
0.7
I.)
-
1.&
1.2
,..
2.2
0,1
•
7.2
12.2
15.1
0.)
)8, 7
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.1
•
2.2
2.8
5.2
0.6
0.2
0,2
-
13,3
2. 2
0.7
2.8
6.7
0.8
0.2
0.2
3.5
-
2.2
5,1
0 l
0 l
Rold and 1trHt transpor-tat ion. I s.o. I
Ct1auffeura and truck and tractor oriV"trs
Dr-a,-i .,.., t--t•ra
CMage laoorers
~or•rs for truck, transfer, and c• caapenlH, anoho&tlera
laborers, rOlld and str t
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.6
R.a1 I road lranspottal ion h.o. •
• freight eeenu, 110 t ano station 1191nts
Bae919
en and engine ftoat lers
loi ler
Brake-en tste• ratlr;._1
n,
7.•
223
APPENDIX C
Talllo IJ-Ul[MPLOT[D •ORKE•S Oto •EL1[F WAT 193' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE. AND SEX, AND lLL
GAINFUL wO•KE• s IN GENERAL POPIJLlT I OI 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPlTIOl,
PAOYIO[NCE, RHODE
<J:CUl'ATfON
,......
...
,
TOTAL
Tr
portal ,on ana cOML1n1cat ,on
or,,erseel"I
Laooren
0.1
D.2
D.2
0.1
o.,
0.9
1. 3
0.1
0.1
~01,ve et1911"1Nr1
l.c,aa:ot ,ve
JtlGRO NC> OTKER
IT£
TOTAL
lcont 1"'4d)
lailrcad'tr.,.spon tion (a.o.J (cont,nwec1J
Conduc.tora l•t•• and strNl ra il ro-'1) ..a ous conductors
r°"'.." .,.,
1
ISLt.llD-CoaUa ■ •4
r, r
Y.oto,_n
S.ltct.tn, flegit11n , and ,ero.en
0.J
0.1
0.J
0.1
0.J
0.1
o.,
0.7
bprns, POil, reo,o, te 1epf\Onl and te legrac:i'I ls.o.)
C..prna 1t1t1, express
asengers, and ~I I•-, •• I clerks
W.1 I ,.,,....,..
Telephone ana telegra~ I 1neaan
r• 1.gracill SMl'IQl'rs
r.,.~
Tel-araoft 81'111 rld\o OC)ef"alOl'I
ooer tori
o,,,.,. transportat
1ot1 and
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.J
c
FOf'..-n Wld c,,.,era•n
0.1
0.1
lnaoecton
Lloorers
ftroor 11\on Md ~•r•,.
Otner oc.c.vpat 1on1•
,,_
Advar l Is Inv 19t'"l I
Cointrc.1 ■ 1
0.2
0.1
tr.valtrs
0.2
0.2
0.J
0.1
o.,
0. 1
0.2
o.,
14.9
0.1
1.8
0.1
8.J
0.1
0.1
Del 1Vltylli8n
o.,
1.1
1.,
F'loo,-.eh f"a, f0< n, And 1n,r.c.ton
lnMtrarca ano rul estate ~ u . •Nl99"• and aff,c,ala
0.2
1.1
0.1
0.3
0.5
laorers l,nclwd11 porters '" 1toruJ
0.8
1.2
1.3
0.9
3.9
0.1
o.,
6.4
3.1
2. 1
0.9
1.2
0.1
o.,
1.5
0.2
0,2
0.1
0.3
1.5
0.2
2.2
6.1
14.0
•.5
0.7
0.1
8.1
0,,1
Proprietors (except reuil ctNlera}t
Reta, I oealers
s.1 ........ end HleS•CJllltn
Otner oursu, l1 ,n trade"
F\lol ic
Ml'"lf'1te
1.,
Profe s i ono1I ,erv,ce
Acton ano
A.rch1tecu . onl9ner1, oraf\Men, ano ,nvenlOf"a
Art11U. aculptors. ano tuchers or art
lilu$1c1ans and lMChers
fucMn
of_,.,,
Tectwtiul eng lNtrs
T,-a,,.; nuraes
Other profen ,onal punu,u•
S..tproteu \onal p1,rau,u•
Attendw\U It'd l'lelpera
0.-.stic ano c-rsCW'la l Hf"ll1c.e
8 ,-.,... tte1rdrH.Mfl, nd •"•cur11U
8oarc, j ng and 1Od9 i "I h<MM -piers
8oot•ltc
C~r
and
c.lHners
EI .-valor lenctier1
Hotel and restaurant kelpers and NNifJef"I
Housei..epen ana u .... ,oa
J
l tor1 a,-,
tons
Laoonrs
Launc-.rer1 and 1-.,nd,..un ll'IOl in laMldry,
l-aunory enc, drp clNnl"-1 o,,ner1, Nna9er1. and ~relives
Porters I
Pt ,n atoresl
Pr act lcal nuru1
rvanu
,tera
o"ther purau1u•
Cl
r- 1cal occwpat iona
enu. collectors, And crea,t n
ao .h.Npe.ra, CMhlera, and ac.cowntanU
not ala
,. clas1if111e1
r, errano, and office oor• and girla
1.enogracinera And tpp11l1
Cler
0.1
0.5
1.,
o.,
0.1
1.9
2.6
0.5
1.1
1.9
0.2
0.1
0.1
o.,
0.J
0.2
10.9
0.9
5.8
1.3
1.0
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
18.S
0.1
o.•
0.1
0.1
0.2
1.J
0.J
0.8
0.8
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
D.l
0.1
0.1
1.1
0.2
1.6
0.2
0.1
5.1
0.8
0.1
1.1
0.1
1.0
0.1
11.5
4.5
0.1
0.9
2.5
0.6
o.,
,.1
o.,
2.6
5.9
D.•
2.2
8.8
0.7
87.J
0.1
2.2
8.4
1.4
0.1
0.2
0.J
1.•
1.4
D.5
11.9
Q.l
1.5
1,3
0.1
0. 2
0.2
0.1
0.2
o.,
0.1
0.J
2.2
o.,
o.J
5.J
0.J
0.1
0.3
o.,
2.J
,.o
1.8
o.,
1.4
1.5
0.)
9.9
3.5
9.9
2.2
0.3
9.3
2.4
1. 5
7.2
1.5
56.J
0.1
0.1
1.8
2.5
0.6
3.5
0.7
0.1
1.2
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIEF
Tobi• 1)-U•EVPlOY[D •o••r•s o• ~[LIEF MAY 19)• CllSSlfl[D IY occu•n10• . RACE. UD S[X, AND All
GAl•FuL wo•oc•s ,. G[N[~AL POPUlATION 1930 CLASSIFIED 8Y OCCUPATION , •
ll[401JrCG. PElllflSYLYANIA
LIEF t9)4
cosus
,uo
DC(U,,AT I
'-r-c
TOfAl
TOTAL
r
~ .925
,,l
100.0
•.ese
100.0
"9r1c111twno
,-.,_.,., (
r,,,_
rs
nd te~fllll) .,_.
hrw
1.0
0.)
0.)
0.1
forenr-,-•
F11f!l"9 ~nd
'"°"'tries
11
0.3
9ert
labor ,-.
"1i..1tha .
to,.,_n,
rwen
nd
loi ltniaker ■
8r10 al'ld ll0"4
.:,ftl Ind ti It 1.,.,,
luildi"Q C'O'\I
tori
c.,,,.,,,.,..
0ru... en,
,,.., ... ,
nd
111 iner-a
En91,...r1 ht tlonaryl, e r ~ . etc.
r , ~ I• " ' toe
11.-e and fire
rt
n1}
o.ef"Mers ,,..,.,.ract1.tri"9)
• ._,,,
II 1. ..
aftd PIIOd1trs
en, I'd dlt Nlltrs
wrl"1J T.t
vf tMf"H't
offic
"°' ot
In
factory)
•
I.I
0.5
0.6
57.2
66. 7
99.•
0.•
0.•
o.
o.,
1.1
D
.•
1.0
0.3
0.1
I.)
0. 1
1.•
0.5
2.l
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.)
1.0
0.6
0.8
0. 8
I.)
O.•
0.5
2.6
1. •
0.1
1.6
).2
0.1
I.I
J.)
1.0
a.,
D.)
0.5
I. 7
0.1
0.)
O. •
0.1
0.9
0.1
,.
) .2
1.0
1.9
1.6
1.0
0.
2.8
).
J.9
0.5
I.I
0.)
1.0
1.5
1.1
0.6
0. 2
O.J
0.1
0.2
0.)
0.2
0.8
0.2
).1
o.•
0.6
0. 1
0.9
0.)
O.•
2.1
0.2
0.•
1.1
1.0
0.)
10.2
2.)
2.
•.0
5,.J
0.1
0.5
0.1
1.0
O.l
1.2
0.)
0.
ILi
2.5
10.7
1.,
t.5
o.,
1.5
..
•I
.o
1.1
0.9
2.J
0.9
,S.l
0.6
...
0.6
0.t
5,.
LS
.2
2.6
u.
u.
25 .. i
l-l
0.5
0.2
1.,
1.1
0.5
O.J
a.
s.o
s.,
).J
0.2
0.1
1.6
1.5
).0
...
•. o
0.1
0.1
O.J
6.7
0.6
l.
I.I
..
57.0
0.5
0.5
,.,
1.•
105
100.0
2.1
66.7
0.8
O. •
0.1
r-. clu if1
1.3
0.1
0.6
l~~
D.9
0.•
1.)
D.2
D.5
lno~
100.0
I.I
1.1
0.1
,.,..
1161
100.0
0.1
0.6
M!EG'IO ,UIO OTIC'11
J.5n
0.1
o.s
Cl~tricl "'
_.ITE
.2
L2
11.l
o.,
0.3
21.0
1.,
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225
APPENDIX C
Tobit n-u•E•PLOY[O •o••t•s ON •tLIH WAY 193' CLASS1r1to BY OCCUPATION, ••ct, ANO SE~. ••DALL
~,1111ruL WORKERS IN G(N[iU,l POPULATIOII 19JO CLASSIFIED BY 0CCUP.UJ0N,•
q(&OllillG,
P(IOIS't'LVANIA-CoUUud
RELIEF 193'
CENS~
19~0
CX:CUPATJCM
TOTAL
...,.
NEGRO HO OTifER
WHITE
TOTAL
HMALE
MALE
FE.IMLE
r,.an.sportation and COl"'l"'IUnication [continue-dl
Jtatlra.,d tr'1nsporUt i on
1,,,.,.
h . o.J
(cont inutid)
C,,n0~tors
and s tr~t ra, I roads I and bus conductors
ror...en o1nd o,,erMers
Labore~
Loc01t10t ive en9 i l'\N'r1
loc01'11C1t•w• fir ...n
libto~n
S.itc..._n, fl19"Wn, and yardltlen
uPrNt, POSt, radio, teleph~. and te1egnph 1s.o . 1
[wpren •~nts, eworess lflllsser,a•rs, and rail ..,
lllil c•rriers
T1lfl)hore and teltQraph I i n.en
,-. , I clerlil,1
hle,;rapt, •n•ngers
Telegraph and radio operators
Telephone operators
.
o.,
0 ,2
0.2
0.1
1.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
2.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
2.9
•
.
0.2
0, 2
-
o.,
-
0.1
0.2
0,3
0.1
0, 1
r
0 .1
-
-
0,3
0.1
0.3
0. 1
0.1
0,2
0.1
0,2
0.1
0 .8
0.1
0.1
0.1
6.0
6.5
•
-
-
F'or.-.n and overwers
I nspec to"
Laborer,
Pros,, ietors end atina99r1"
Other occv,iat ion1•
0, )
Trade
A6,,erti1i"9 •oents
eo-.rcial travelers
0.1 i.,.r,-.n
f'looralii.er1. for.-.n, •nd insoector11
Insurance and rtal estate 49ents, 1111ne~rs, and officials
12.1
0.1
0,8
0.2
0.1
0.9
.........
Proorietor1 l••UPt retail dNleral'
.
o.,
ltetai l dealers
3.)
511.,...,. and salt..,,_.,
Ottter purau i lS i,, trade"
5.,
uborer1 ( incluOH porters in stores)
-
1.0
.
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.8
0. 2
0.2
0, 7
-
-
.
0.1
0, 7
0 .1
0.1
o. 1
3.2
0,2
Pub! ic Nrvice
1.8
1.2
1.,
Profnsionel Nrvic•
Actor, erlCI , ~ , ,
Architej;:ts, dt's igner, , df'8ft"'9", end inven tors
Artists, sculptors , anct tNChers of ert
ri.u,tciana and t.-chers of 1J1USic
Teachers
,.9
1.,
1.5
0,)
0.)
0.1
Tach,,icat 9n9i,,..r1
Trained nurses
Other profess loMI pursuits"
Seniprofenional oursuits•
Attendants atld hel per1
""'°,,.1
ltntice
Ooiln1 ic and
Bllrtiier1, htirdre11er1, and •nfcur i sts
Boarding and lod9 ing house keepers
Bootblacks
Cta,....n and cleaners
Elevator tencten
0. 8
0.1
0, )
.
0. 3
1.,
o.,
0.2
0.1
0,1
0.1
0.1
I.I
J.2
0.2
.
0.)
0.5
1.3
o.,
0.)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
7. 9
8.1
0. 8
o.,
2.2
0,5
O.J
0.2
-
-
-
I.I
5.2
).8
-
0.2
5.0
-
o.,
0.8
0. 7
0. 2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0. 2
0.1
•
-
0.2
laundry and dr y clNnl1"19 o.ner1, .,..,_.,r,. and operativH
Portera ltxce,t i,, storeaJ
Pract ieal nurw1
Servant a
0.5
o. ,
0.1
0.2
0.5
1.,
0.1
1.3
0.7
0.6
8.1
0.2
1.8
2.6
2.)
4.9
0 .1
0.8
'·'
1.J
0. 1
0. 7
1.5
1.5
1.2
0.1
.,,.,.,
Other pursuitt•
0.1
Citric.al occ""tlons
~ t , . collectors, and credit •n
Bookkeepers. ushiera, and accCNntantl
Clerks not elle'llhere classified
IAH•nter, errand , •nd office bo1s and oirls
Stenographers end typists
0.2
1.5
. .
-
o.,
-
•
1.•
0.2
0.2
0,9
0,2
.-
--
-
93. 3
-
Hotel and rnt••"•nt keepen and
Hou9"NHn and ,t . . rds
Jani tor, and M ■ lOtll
laborer,
lAvndertn and huftdrHM'I lnot in lawftdryl
2. 7
o. 7
0.5
-
-
-
0.1
0.1
-
2.2
0,6
--
9. 7
0.1
0.1
-
-
-
0.1
0.3
-
0.5
--
21.7
o.,
0.2
•
0.)
.._,.ge,,
--
-
-
0.2
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.2
0.)
-
-
1.2
o.,
•
-
--
-
----
---
0,2
Ott.er transporUtiort and cCl'INJniat,on pursuits
-
0.5
2.2
-
).2
I.I
-0.5
-
-0.5
-I.I
--I.I
I.I
-
-
2.9
--
2.8
-
-
0.5
0.5
2. 9
II. 7
3.2
2.2
82.8
--
--
0.8
,.5
-
-
2.2
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-
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
226
Tobi• 13-UO[WPLOYEO •Ot><[RS o• R[LI[' MAY 193' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIOtl, RAC[, UD SU, AND ALL
CA10,uL •ORK[RS II C[O(RAL POPULATION 1930 CLASS1r1co IY OCCUPATIOI,•
ROCH[STlR, NE• YORI
cusus
19)0
'°'"'foul
A9rlcultur~
F
rt t
r1 and tenants) and hm "'l!ltu1o9ftr-s
Fan. leDOr~r•
TOTAi.
I U, IIM
100,0
1',)25
0.8
0. 2
0,6
0.8
0.2
0.2
4).9
60.0
o. 7
0.8
F11hlng arid forntr,'
(,ctract,on
or
•ineral,c
* ""facturlng
,w.,
Nn,ul 1,-,u-1lr•••
81.c" ttt-1, ro
n, nd
r n
Boller• H,
Br ic t,, and stone -.sons and ti le leyer1
Building co,,tr
ors
Cltt tr ,ci
i 11 irwtrs
M-lr•ues. an::t
"'I
c,.1"ffrs (1tat1onar1J. era
n, etc.
F' i ~ n {ocept locO'Ot•Ye arid f1rf df>oart
ntJ
ra encl off ici Is llll!lnufactur ingJ and
o. 7
o. 7
1.
0. 4
0. 8
0.8
0.2
3.)
).
tters
).4
.._,,.,rectur ,.,
1.5
0.)
2.,
0.)
1,0
I.I
1.2
0.1
0.2
0. )
0.3
).)
4.1
0.1
1.1
1.4
I. 7
Painters, glaziers, e
l ers , etc,
"9per M.t'Qers
Plaster rs al"d
nt flnishen
Pll.ftbers nd g I at'd ,,..,. fltt rs
Roofers and 1later1
1.7
0.1
4, 7
~II.era ard cObbl r
0.2
hen1t1 not otht rw iM
pecified
(not I n factory)
Sk11 led 90r"er-1 in pr int lngd
S1tllled worket"S not el
here cl
Structural Iron wc,Nrs
Tellor1 and U llo rHN
Tl~lths ard coppe,...lths
°"'•ti~•
Bui ldl"9
o. 7
0,1
1.1
stfl
Industry
C*lcel and al I ltd lnchntrtes'
Cigar- and tobacco factories
Clay, ,, .... •rd llON l ndustrles-9
Clothing l rchatr l h
Food and •I I l ed l nchi11tdes 1
Iron and steel, MCtlinery. etc. indu tr1uJ
lilltta l l ndustr lu, xcept iron and 1tw11t.
Laathtr INlustri s 1
LJ,lllt,,er and furnlh.ire 1Nfustrie.Paper. pr i nt I ~. and all led l ndustrlH11
Text 11 l ndustrlel°
Other Nnufectur lng and not spec i fied lnd1.11trles'
Uoorer s
Bu ildir,,g , o•,..,.•1. and rot specified lnd1,1strles
Cheftica l and all led lnd~tri ,,
Chy. 9IH1, and 11one industrle
F'ood ard 1111-, lnduttr les 1
Iron and at NI, aac:hinery, etc. ird1,1strles.J
l.J,nber end furnlt1,1re industries"
Other .,.nufect1,1rlng lrdustrlesll
Transportat Ion ard COMUnic.at Ion
I.)
0.1
2.9
0.5
0.1
0.)
0.2
),)
0.5
1.)
0.2
2.7
0.8
0.6
0.5
7.0
o.,
0.9
0,4
0.1
0.5
2,6
0.5
o.,
0,7
0.)
o.,
0,1
0.2
6.8
1.0
2.6
0.5
4.2
2.0
0.9
0.5
6.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
1.2
6.)
0.5
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.2
o. 7
7.1
2.0
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.6
1.9
2,261
100.0
224
100.0
1~
100.0
C5.2
50.0
4,5
1.0
0.2
0.8
0.9
0.2
F'ore,w-n and O'W'etMen t•riuf.c-turl "9)
Furn«:•
It r,or,er,,
tef"'I , and puldl rs
hlnlsu, 11111l • rightl, tool
e rs, ,,_, die
0.1
O.J
o. 7
C.rpe,nera
Or'°,,,.. ""'•
11,811&
100.0
0.8
0.)
0.1
2.8
0.2
0.5
0,2
Bakers
100,0
).I
1.6
4,5
I.)
9.4
0.)
).I
).I
0.)
6.)
0.6
0.)
0.8
0.)
5.6
0.1
0.)
I.I
0.4
0.2
0.6
).I
0.3
0.)
0.1
0.2
4.)
0.8
2.9
0,5
4,1
2.,
0.)
19.8
2.2
0.9
0.3
5.6
0.)
0,5
).I
6.2
1.5
8.4
o.,
7.3
3,1
18.8
0.6
0.1
0.2
1.,
3,1
0.2
0.1
0.)
12.2
1',2
2.5
4.0
0.6
0.1
o. 7
12.5
Water transpon.allon u.o. 1
Lor,vshor-ef'll'tn and stevedores
Sa 11 ors, deckhands, and boat•n
ROid and ltnMt tran.sportat Ion ra . o. t
Cha.uHe1,1r1 and truck and tractor drivers
Dra,-en and teat11Sters
Ga rage Iaborers
Laborers for truck , transfer. and cab ccaip,anies, and hostlers
La.borers, road and street
Ra 11 road t r-ansportat ion • • · o. 1
Beg
n, fre tght agents, t lcket aNt st1t lon egents
Boiler
,... end 1"9lt11 hostlers
Br&Maln 1t1• ,,.nroed
0.1
4.)
0,1
0.1
5.2
),I
0.1
0.1
0,2
4. 7
0.)
Digitized by
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227
APPENDIX C
Tobit !)-UNEMPLOYED •ORKERS ON RELIEF IIAY 19)4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE. OD SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
ROCHESTCR, NEW YORK-Cont l 11••d
,.,.
C(NSU,
OCC ... ATION
NE.910 AND OTHER
IIIIIITE
TOTAL
IMLE
FUMLE
IMLE
FEMAL.£
Tral'lsport11t ion and cO""\.lnicat ion (cont inuedJ
Railr* transportation 1 •• 0.1 (continued)
Corw::tuctor, tste,,91111 and str..,t railroads) and bus conductors
r or~,, and overseers
LADOrer1
LocOfJIOt ive ttng ineers
LocGftOti~ fir~n
Wotorflen
S.itdnen. 11-....n. and yardillwn
tele,gr■ ph ra.0.1
[wpreas aQC!'nts, express •ne9rs, and rail•y ,..;J cle-rtcs
lillil car-rie-rs
0.)
0.1
o.,
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
-
-
0.1
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
-
-
0.1
0.1
0.1
-
0.3
2.2
-
Express, post, rlldio, t@l•phone, •rd
Tel111,phofw and t@l~r•ph I i,__n
hl~rapt, IIIPHf'nq~rs
Tel99reph and radio operators
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
O.B
o.,
,,.sp,!Ctors
0.1
0.1
0.2
l.AbOr•rt
ProPr i11ttors and •nagers'
o.,
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
-
-
15.1
0.2
0.6
0.5
0.1
1.3
8.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
7.5
0.1
0.2
11.•
O.)
-
6.)
-
0.4
-
-
o.,
0.1
0.5
0.6
-
0.6
0.1
0.9
J. 7
6.6
0.5
1.1
1.2
-
6.)
!.)
).8
0.1
1.5
2.1
0.6
9.3
1.2
-
Teleph(llnP. operators
0.1
OtNr t,..Mportat ior, and ccn1111.1nint ion pu,-suitl
Fon!ffll!'n and overseers
Othltr cxcup11t ionsS
0.2
r..Actvert ising agents
~rcial travel11trs
0.1 iYe'"J'IIII"
Floor.lkers, fo,....n, and in"lpectors
Insurance and real estate 'Ve'nts, •r1e9•rs an:t officials
_...,,
Laborers ( Inc 1udes Portera in at or111 I
Propr-ietora (,nocept t"9tall dealeraJt
Altai! dealers
s., .....,, ard
SIIIH•Ol!Pn
Other pursuits In tracht"
•
•
•
0.1
o. 7
Ml ic •rvlc•
2.1
1.2
Profnaional service
Actors and a ~ n
Architects, de-sigrera. dr ■ ftt11tn, and inventors
Art lats, ~ulptors. ard tNci.rs of art
..,.iciana a..:t teechrtrs of ,_,,ic
Tnchers
8.•
2.3
1.9
A.O
).1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.)
0.6
).I
-
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.5
2.1
o. 7
Techn lea I eng I ""8rs
T,...inad nurses
Other prof.ssional pursuits•
S.,.lprof,,ssional purauitt"
Attendants a...:, he I pera
0.2
-
-
O.)
-
1.9
-
2.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.6
-
-
5.)
0.6
28.2
1.2
25.0
-
-
O.J
-
O.:,
I.)
O.J
).I
0.)
-
0.6
0.9
).I
-
O.)
Bootblacks
0.3
o.,
1.2
o.,
Dailaat le 1nd PlfnOMI Nrv ice
•rwra, halrdre11ers, and •nicurlats
lloarding and loct9i"9 houM kftpers
0.4
9.5
1.0
0.2
•
.
10.1
o. 7
Cha,_,.n and cleane.-s
El.,.ator terden
0.2
O.)
o.•
Hott 1 and restaurant keepers and •1'11191'rs
0.5
o.,
0.8
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
HouNkeepitrt and ste-.n:t ■
Janitors and 11111t ons
Labot"9rl
L.aunde,..n and laundreases (not in laurdry}
°""'"•
L.aunc:11")' and dry cleaninq
Port1rs (•xcept in store9J
P.-ec:t ical nurtH
•naeers, and ope111t ives
o.•
o.8
0.2
o.,
O.)
0.8
0.)
o.,
Servants
lhiters
Other pursuits•
).5
0.9
5.0
1.)
Clerical occupations
1:,.1
4.5
0.1
•
A9ent1, coll.ctor,, and credit""'"
o.,
look._.per~. cashiers, and accountants
Clerka not elwwhere classified
.....,..,., errand, arl:t office boys and girh
Stenographers encl t1pist1
3.0
6.1
0.)
.......... ,. ,.,.
).3
0.7
).2
0.1
o.,
-
-
-
0.6
-
0.5
0.2
0.2
2.1
2.5
-
).8
0.1
12.5
,.3
-
8.7
).1
-
2.8
). 7
0.1
0.1
2.2
91.0
6.)
-
1.9
1'.)
O.J
3.2
4.5
-
0.)
0.1
o. 7
4.5
az.o
-
3.1
-
,.,,
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
228
hbl• IJ-U•E•PL OHD wo• <E•S o• O[LIE• YU 19)4 CllSS,.IED BY OCCUPATION , ••CE , AND SEX, UDALL
GAl• FU L OORK[RS IN GE•EOAL POP\J LATIOK 193 0 CLASSIFIED 8T OCCUPATION,•
ooc .rooo , 1u1•01s
TOTAL
Agriculture
F'•mer ■
I
r1
nd
te,,•ntsl and fam NN-9er1
Fa,..,. laborf'rs
W.,,ni.,f«tur,,..g and 1'11Kh.a.nic1I lndus triH
~lters
TOT AL
Ji[GIID MD OTMOI
• . '58
).'85
110
150
;J
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
o.s
).I
).8
-
4.7
0.2
0.6
0.9
2.2
0.6
1.1
-
2.7
-
, .1
0.1
-
-
0. 1
0.6
0.1
-
-
S0.0
57.7
o.,
0.4
0.3
65.)
0.5
28. 9
0.)
•6. 7
-
o.,
men
.. ,rt
38,553
100.0
F1shir"19 •nd forratry•
(lllt'ICt Ion of ,..,nerahc
Blacks. • ths. f o r ~ . al'ld
REt.l[F 19}&
CE.NSUS
19]0
ot0Jf' Al t Clil
o.,
-
@oile
rs
Brick al"1 st~ ,_,on, and tile I yer1
Bui ld1t19 contr ctor,
0.2
0.5
1.,
0.2
1.7
-
1.J
0.1
0.8
-
1.)
Cerpenters
Or u,.,.i.ers, ~.-.streu-s. and•, 11,ners
o.,
,.,
1.0
0.)
'·'
1.6
2.2
0.1
0.)
0.6
0.)
0,6
o.,
("'8,..,fKh1ri"9)
F'umaccr-n.
1te,..,,,.,, hf' ten, .,.,rt puddler
\IKhlnists, "'i I !wrights, tnol kers, and d•fl!I setters
~ r s nd officials INt'1.!fKturlngJ .i"CI
l"IJfacturers
1-'ect--t.,ics not otht-Nise sp,c.ified
1.1
0.1
0.C)
0.1
1.9
Painters, ;I z1ers. 8"4--.elers, etc.
Pa.oar h ngers
Pl starer" N,d
fin,,t-ers
El«\rici ns
(r19ineer, l1t,t10f'! ryl. cran.iien, etc.
r,.....,,_ le•c~l locO"IIOlin a,,ct fire deper
Forlf'ltn
q
:,r,d O\l'f'r,Hn
,.,.Mt
Ph.roe rs and 001 and stea,11 r, tlers
Roof.rs N'td 11 ters
ShoerMkers ind cobblers (not In f11ctoryl
died -orllers in prlnt1ngd
Ski I lf!d -orltf"rs not ,ls
re clusi flfd•
Structural iron ffOrker•
hi lors a.net tn l lorl!Uts
fin .. lths
,no
copper,,..lt .. s
nd al 1 le-t uw:fostrles'
-
1.5
1.6
-
6.1
1.9
5.5
7.1
-
).•
0.1
0.1
-
I. 7
0.5
0.2
2.2
-
0.)
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
,.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
C:lritt\ing if\ju1trie,"
0.5
Food
0.3
Iron and steel, ~ch1nery, etc. lndustrlesJ
Weta! industries, ewcegt iron and steeJk
Le.tther industries 1
l,utlber nd rurniture industries
Paper. printing, nd allied 1ndustr1e""
Teictlle lndus tries0
Other !IW"ufacturing nd not speclfiecl industriesP
-
o.,
0.1
llied indullr1n 1
0.1
0.1
1.8
Cig:tr 8nd tOblk:co fACtorle..s
Chy, ~I 11. and stone industries'
nd
o.,
2.0
~rat+..-es
&.11 ldinq Indus tr)
(Jl-.ical
5.6
0.3
0.1
2.,
0.5
7.)
•.6
o.,
0.1
-
0.)
-
0.2
0.7
0.)
-
0.6
1.1
0.1
0,1
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
-
0.1
0.6
1.1
0.1
-
0.2
I.I
2.6
0,9
8 .6
9.9
5.2
0.1
0.5
6.0
0.1
0.1
o.,
0.8
0. 7
2. 7
2.6
2.5
1.0
2.5
2.2
0.2
1.6
0.1
1.9
0.1
-
0.2
2.5
1.0
0.1
0.1
).1
u.P"lber a"Ct furniture industries•
Other 11W1Uf11Cturlng lndustrles 0
).5
0.)
1.9
0.5
6.0
1.,
1.,
z.o
-
1.9
0.)
1.3
1.9
10.5
1.7
0.)
I.)
).8
1.)
!.)
!,)
7.J
L..borers
&,ildlng. gt-neral, and not spe(;ified indu1tries
Ch@onica1 and al 1 ied industries'
Chy, ;I.us. and 1tone lndustries'il
Food
Iron
nd 11 led induurie. 1
nd steel. Nthiner:,, e t c. industries'
TransportAtlon and cOtfflUnlcalion
2.0
0.1
-
o.,
8.7
1.0
1.6
0.8
0.1
0,6
-
,.o
5.2
9.2
10.8
1.9
IJ.3
2.0
0.2
0.2
,.9
6.,
0.2
0.1
-
2.0
-
3,)
1.8
-
0.1
0.1
-
0.1
0.1
-
2. 7
Water transportation I 1,0, ,
Longshoreinen Md stevedores
Sallors, deci.-hal'lds, and boatnen
Road and street transportation 1,.0.1
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
DreY""'n and tea""Sters
Gtiirage laborers
Uborers for truck, transfer, and cab CO'flP&"les, and hostlers
laborers, roa.d ar'ld street
R11llrMd transportatic,r, 11,0.,
8aggagfll'"en, freight ag~ls, t,cket and slat Ion agents
Boller ,mshers and engir,e hostlers
Bra~en-en (stea"t ra l I road)
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.5
Digitized by
9.•
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229
APPENDIX C
Tao,. 13-UNEMPLOYEO
WORK LO S O• •ELI tr ... 193• CLA SSIFIED BY OCC UPAT Io•. RACl . ANO SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFIJL WORK ERS IN GE•E R•L PO PUL AT ION 1930 CLASSIFIE D BY OCCU PAT I ON.•
~OC l< FCRO,
ILLINOIS-Co11tl11ud'
0:CLIP•T 1()11
REL I EF
Chl SUS
1910
TOTAL
19}4
TOTAL
r ~11nspcrt-1t i on and c.o--u r, , c.et •Otl lcon t i '\\.t ed)
Ra il road tr&nsportat •o~ h .O, • t cont i nu~)
Con-1uctors ( sle,t,11 al'ld st t lff,t ra 1lroad!.J .!ln.d bus cOt'ductors
0.1
0.3
0.1
0. 7
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0. 1
U.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0. 1
o.,
LocNl'IOtive engi""Hrs
Loc~tive fir~.,
Yoto~
S.,i lclnen, fl 11gnrien, and yarOl"len
Express, post, radio. tel..,ohone . and tele;p-11ph 1a . o.1
Exores, aQe""lts, expre,s 'l'll!'SSengers, aM rail••r 'll!llil c lerlics
Uiail carriers
Telephone and lel~raph I i ~
0. 2
0.1
Teleq r 1ph 'lltssenge~s
Tel~nph atvf ra.1io ooerators
Tel eoh~ operators
0. 1
0.7
O. l
0.1
0. 2
..,
O• .l
1.5
0.3
Other tran sportat i O" and cO'ffflJn i c ott i on pur-suits
For~ ..I'd overseer-,
Ins pectors
0.1
0. 1
0 .1
0. )
0.1
0 .3
0. 1
l C.5
9.8
0.1
0.8
0. 9
1.0
0. 5
0.6
7.3
o.,
1.1
0.2
0.1
1.2
5.0
0.9
1.3
0.3
0.1
1.•
3,,
0.9
13.2
0.8
1.3
Aloi le service
1.3
0.8
1.0
Prof~sional service
7.2
0. 1
0.8
0. 1
2.5
0. 1
0.1
2.1
0.1
0. 1
, .)
1. 1
1..;
l.abOr~rs
Proorietors and ""'""'ilers '
Ot ,..er occupat ; on,•
r..M.len
,, ,ng
~ts
C.O,...., rc,al tr.welers
0,.1 i-.-er,ffl!n
floor-.ehers . forfll'len , 11nd ; n,pe,cto n
tn,.,rance end real ntaU agents . ,-nagers, and off icials
Laborers li~ludt>S POrters in stores)
Nt,wst,oys
Proprietors (except reta i I dt>aler,)t
Retai I dealers
Salesri.n anoi sales1'tfl'len
Other pursuits in trade"
Actors and shownen
Archit«ts . de5 1gnt>rs, drafts~ . and inyfltltors
Artist,,, scu\et o r, . aM te-'lc~rs of art
.._.sic ians and teacht> r s o f "'1tic
0.3
0. 1
15.6
0. 2
0. 7
0. 5
0. 1
1.1
0.5
0. 2
0.7
3.3
o.,
o.,
f.ach•rs
1.8
0.3
0. 1
0. 1
TKhn ical •"g ineers
0.5
1.0
0. l
0 .2
0.1
Tra i ned nur~
Ot her profess ional pu rsu it ,v
S..- i pro f"s l onal pursu i t s•
Al t endants N !'!e l ~rs
l)roilint ic and personal yrvice
Barbers. ha i rdres~rs, and "MVl i cur i sts
Bo4rding MCI lodg i ng house.,..~,.,
&otblac._,
c~...,,...n Md c leMers
[1..-ator tenders
Hotel and rttl8'Hent keepers and ,..,.19ers
Houseli:N~rs and stew,rds
J.,, i tors and sew tons
l,ab,,rers
L1ul'\dertrs and launr'lrHw'5 (not il'I h,u"GtryJ
La,nory and dry cleaning CW\tr1, lfleMQers, and operativH
Porters (e,:cept in stornJ
Practical nur!les
Waiters
Other pursuits•
Clerical occupat iOl"ls
Agt,ftts, col htctors, 11nd cre-J i t "-"
Bookkeepers, c11st, i ers, and 11c-cCJUntant1
Cle'11s not elsewh.re clns i f ied
Wn~r • • ,rand, and off ice t,0,01 and girls
Sten09r&Nrs and t ypist,
15. 9
o.,
3-3
2.0
0.6
1.8
o.,
o.,
0.3
0.2
1.0
0. 1
1.0
0 .6
10,7
3.8
33 -~
o. ~
0. 6
o.,
8.8
1.0
.
o.,
2. 7
0. 5
0.)
0. 1
0.5
0 .3
0.6
0.6
0.3
5. 7
2b. 7
84.9
5.6
5. 7
6. 7
3.8
1.3
0.3
0.9
0.5
o. 7
0.7
0.1
1.3
0.2
15 . 0
6 .5
15.o
0.1
0.3
3.0
0.9
0.1
•.6
10. 7
,.3
2.0
o.,
, .8
0.2
1.0
1.9
0. 2
0.3
1. 5
0.1
2. 5
1. 2
2. 9
1.3
2. 0
0.1
0.1
0.8
5.7
1. 9
0. 3
0.6
0.1
0. 8
0. 1
0.2
3.3
o.,
0. 1
0. 1
o.,
3.3
1.,
3.8
1.3
).6
13.,
1.3
3.3
66.0
, .s
, .2
6.9
Digitized by
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
230
Table 13- UN(IIIPl OT!O • l)IU:O S ON P(ll(r MAY 193' CLASSIF"l[O BY OCC UPATION, lt&C[, AID SEC, AND ALL
GA I Nl" UL e J Qll:(PS
1111 G,( 111(tl&l POPULAT I ON 1910 CLASSlfl(O BY OCCUPATIOI,•
r.tO:ic ISL.t.1110,
ILLINOIS
C
OCCuPftTI
klS
19.!0
TOT"-
I ,981
100.0
I.I
&9ncwl lure
Farlll!!rt f ...,.,... •tt:1 tr
,-.,. la•ionra
'°itsJ •'Id f1,- ,.,.,.i9,.I
o.,
o. 7
f 11to.1ng ltd tot"fflr-) 1
Ea tract ion of •ineral•c:
heniul ♦ nct...atriu
"-""'•ctwr,119 nd
Ba ,.
fll•d. iths. for~. t'ld ..,.,....,...,.
ao,,.,.....,,,,
lricli, and atone •ION al'd tile l1y1r1
!uil:f1,. tOf'ltr.c.tors
Clrpenter-a
o,....,..,,n, seMatr-nsH, and
■ 111
rt.MtntJ
1. I
62.•
o.,
o.,
o.,
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.5
2.1
,.e
0.8
0.5
0.5
,.e
o.e
0,2
0.1
1.0
l. 2
1.,
0.1
0.2
I.I
2.5
0.1
0.1
5.2
o.
0.1
1.6
,.,rit1r1, 911.u rs, enaaelera, etc.
ra
'»er hit
1.6
0.1
2.8
Plasterer& t'W ~ l f1nl1her,
al'CI &t._ fitter•
Pl..,.,& rtd 9
~fer& and slater&
0.6
0.1
o. 7
o.,
O. I
0. I
~el'"I and cobblers (not In factoryJ
r\ef'I In orlnt1"9•
Sldlled
Skilled -o,d1e,._ not el ...... re cl 11lfled•
Strwctural iron 1110r'-.er1
Tai lor1 and tal loraaH
Tlnul tha and coppe,....I tht
t.2
,.o
I. 7
t.•
*"'99""'
1.8
o.,
o. 7
2.,
0.1
o.,
o.,
I.I
""
1.0
2.C
Jt.B
•. 5
0.1
I.I
0.1
0.1
0.5
1.0
1.0
,.o
1.0
o.~
2.0
1.0
2, I
,.e
,.1
1.2
0.1
o.,
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.5
,. I
0.)
0.1
0.2
0.)
0.1
0.)
0.)
O. I
0.5
0.1
t.9
1.0
e. 7
0.)
o.,
11.0
I.I
6.l
0.)
o.•
o.,
l.O
7.)
0.8
16.6
1.0
5.B
o.,
\7.2
0.)
,.2
o.,
2.0
o.,
Operatiwn
Building ,,o,,stry
~ical and all led lndus tr 1H 1
Cipr and toba«o factorlu
Cl y. ;lasa. and stone industries•
Clothi"t itduttr,e.1"
food and al I 1ed lndultrlH 1
Iron and steel. ~lnery. etc. lnduatrlHJ
Metal lndustri•, e,c.ept ln,n and atH1 11
l.Hthar indY11tr1es 1
L-.r and rwrnlture lnd"'trtH•
l'uer, printi"9, and allied lndYll trlH"
Te•ti le lnd.,,striu0
OtNr •nt.tfactvrr,. eJ'ld not specified lnd"9trles'
O. l
0.1
0. I
0.1
1.2
0.2
•.8
1.0
0.1
0.l
..
o.,,
LAborers
9',ilding, ~,wral, and not specified lndt.l&trlH
0.-lcal and al1led ihdvstrlu '
~!:• a!!
al j ,:CS"° ,:,.~,::rtri ••
Iron and at.NI. ~ ; , . , , , etc. ind1otatr1e1J
LUllber and fwrn,tu,.. lndultrlH•
Other NnUfac:turint lrdvltrln 41
Tr.t\lportatlon ana COIWILll'llcatlon
Water transportat Ion tt, 0,1
Long1horwaen and 1tr,ectorH
Sallon, deckhands, and bOILNn
Aoed and street lrantpOr\atlon ILo.l
ChauHturs and truck and tr.ctor drivers
ters
Ora,-n and t
C.n9e I abo rers
laborers for trUU, tranafer, &ndcab COIIIPlnlH, andhoat.len
Laborers, road and street.
R.11 road trat1aPOrtat1on ILo,I
~ n . freight. ._nu, t icket •"11tatlo" agentl
loller st.rs al"ld engine hostlers
Bralcaen lat ... rall roedl
2.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
5.2
0.5
1.6
7.B
1.,
o.,
o.,
1.8
2.,
0.1
1.0
0.1
1.2
e.,
5.•
0.2
0.l
o.,
0.2
2. 7
,.o
0.5
o.e
0.5
1.0
12.8
u.1
0.1
0.2
,.o
5.J
o.•
5. 7
o.,
8.l
2.0
1.9
28,)
t.0
2.)
0.1
0.1
o.,
0.1
2.0
0.1
),I
12.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
o.,
0.5
l.O
0.1
Digitized
:,0
100.0 100.0
1.0
0.6
5'.8
0.5
o. 7
I&'
100.0
5.2
0.2
o. 7
f"orta1t11 nd owr&Nr1 f•,_,-f,ctwrlngJ
F'vt,_ ... ,,, ...11,,...,,, heat,,.., .,_, ,uddltf'I
Wilc.fllit1i1l1, ■ ill•n9"t1, tool-11ara, al'ld dlt Mlltr'I
t111factwr1r1
and off1ci1h (,.,.,fachrintJ arid
ICI not otJirer••M 1peciflN
o.,
1,099
100.0
•5.1
0.)
o.8
0.2
o.,
lners
Clactrlcl1111
f111t1ona,,.). era~. etc.
,-,,.... n (uceot loc010tlY1 al'IIS f1r1 3
Cno ♦ neer1
1,,92
100.0
).9
0.9
J.O
0.)
JYGoogle
231
APPENDIX C
Table 13-UN[MPLOYFO *ORKfF?S Off RfLIH WAY 1QJ,4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, PAr.E, AIIIO SEX, ANO ALL
GAINF'UL t01;ol(£ijS IN Gf'lfRAL POPULATIOlif 1~JO CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
IWCK
ISLAND,
ILLIN0IS-Co11tt,rud
CflillSUS
OCCUP,HIOIII
,.,o
NEGR> AND OTKEA
llltilT(
TOT"'-
TOTAL
0.2
0.1
ry_1
1.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.1
o.q
O. I
O. I
1.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
WALE
' FE.WM.£
tiULE
FEtilN..E
Trat'l$portat1on ,sn:S CCftl'lunication lcont,nuedl
Rl..lro.\d transporlation
ta.0.1
!cont•n~dl
C.Onductors fste.MI and street rai I road!>) -!nd bus conductors
ror@"llen and 0¥1er~rs
0.2
LOCOfl'O l i ve e ng i nee rs
o. 7
o. 5
loco1TC1ti¥e firt!W!n
0.2
Llborers
lkitornien
S.1 tctvren, fl119"11et1, .. ne1 ytr<tnen
O. l
o. 7
10.1
o. \
[xpr~5. pest,. rlldio, t~ll?C)hone, ard teleQrtipt,, 1.. 0.1
E•prl!ss -1~nu, upress rtesse11Jert, and rail•o 1n11il clrrlts
Wail carriers
0.2
.
Telephone •nd telegraph I 1ne,r,en
0.2
0.1
Tele:;,raph mn!oe~rs
Tele1raph snd radio operators
Telephone oper•tori
0.1
0.6
Other transport"llt ion .snd CQ!WlltJnication p11rs.u1ts
For~ an1 owersears
lnspe-ctors
Laborer,,
Propr ,etors and ,..,...9"!rt'
Other occupat1ol'tl•
Trade
0.1
o. 3
o.,
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0.5
0.2
1.5
0.2
0.2
0. l
0.•
0.•
15.0
7.0
6.0
13.8
Al:h,ertising ag~nts
~rcial tra..,•lers
Del 1verywnen
Floorwalker1. forenen, and inspector1
ln1urance and real estate agents., ""'~r•. and officials
0.7
0.5
0.1
0.6
0.2
o.,
Laborers (includes porters in storHJ
'-nt..o7s
Proprietors (except f'9tail daalers)t
Attail dealen.
S.lesaen and saln-.n
Other puraui t& in tradeu
0.5
0.1
Public servica
Profeuional ser..,ice
0.3
o. 7
0.1
1.5
0.1
o.•
0.6
7.0
,.o
0.1
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.3
1.8
I.I
t.•
7.0
I. 7
0.1
1.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
3.A
0.2
Teachers
2.0
Technical engineers
Trained nur1e1
Other profenional pursuita•
0.5
0. 7
1.9
0.5
o.•
0.5
0.3
0.3
9.0
13. 1
•f'bers, ~irdressar1, and t111.nicurists
Boerding and loctving hoi.,,e keepers
Root blacks
Char"°""n and claa,.rs
Elevator lenders
1.0
0.5
0.1
o••
Hotel ard rntaurant keepera and t111.nager1,
HouHlr.wPer1 and ste•rds
Janitors and H•tons
Lsborers
launderers and launjrenes !not in laundry)
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.1
0.3
0.3
L4.u~ry and dry cleaning Ollfners, 1Nn,gers, and operatives
Porters le•cept in 1toreJ)
Prtct,,,.J nurHs
Sen1ant1
._iter1
0.9
0.2
1.0
0.8
0.5
2.9
0.6
1.6
Attendants and helpers
C.st ic ard personal service
0.2
0.2
0.1
2.,
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.0
12.5
1.0
1.0
2. 7
1.0
1.0
0.1
1.2
o.•
0.2
0.•
3.8
o.,
40.9
18.2
90.0
3.3
0.•
1.0
0.1
0.1
o.,
o.,
o.,
o.,
0.5
0.6
0.1
0.1
1.9
6.5
3.3
I.I
0.1
0.1
O.t
0.3
o. 7
2.0
0.2
0.1
0.5
0. 7
Actor1 and shotnen
Architects. designers, dr•ft5fflen, and i""'9fltol""I
Arlish, sculptors, 11nd teachers of art·
Musicians and teachers of music
S,e,.iprofeuional pursuits•
0.2
0. 7
0.9
o.•
0.1
,.1
o. 7
0.3
3.4
O. I
0.1
1.2
0.5
2. 7
2•.2
3.3
10.0
1.0
It.I
6. 7
1.0
116. 7
6.8
Other oursuitt,•
Clerical occupat io,..,
Agents. collKtors, and cr~it men
Booklr.Nper1, cashiers, and accountants
Cler1':s rot else-here classified
llltssenger, 11rrard. and office boys and girl a
Stenographers and typists
12.3
o.•
2.6
3. 7
O.l
6. 2
0.8
1.6
0.1
0.3
3.0
0.8
2.9
0.2
9.1
6. 7
0.•
0.6
2.6
1.9
0.2
1.5
o.,
,.2
,.r fNlnelff · " ,. IH.
Digitized by
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
232
rable,
U-Ufll f. t.tPl OYfO •O'l•E !.lS 0 1111 Qfl l(f WAY 19)4 CLAS~IF'l[O 8Y OCCUPATION, R4C(, ANO S(l, .u o All
GA\NfUL • J::>l(Ll15 1H Gl tii[qAL POP1IL~Tl(H1 :'JJO CLASS1F'IED 8~ OCC UP.ATION,•
SAGH,AW, liillCHICA"
,.,.,
C(NSUS
Total
rl,,,,r1 report •"9:
~~~t
~r'lcuhun:
hr1'e'rs l rwn1 1'M tfM'l""'ttJ
fa,. I tw,rtrs
'-"1 for~,t,..,.•
r
"Cf
t"tl ~ "
JOIAL
fOTAL
.3), 215
l.•94
100'.0
5.6
I. 1
100.0
0.9
0.2
0.1
l•tract1on or 111irieral,'
,wj fli
).8
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.1
n, etc.
Fi,.,.n !except locOl'IOtiv,. Mid fire dtPlrt
ntJ
f'orr--en rd avf'rHUI (,..,_,,f..:,turl"9J
Furnac.
ltt>natn,
ter1, and pud.dlers
h1n1su. i I lwr'i9ht., tool ker1, no die Mtters
iu~rs
and offlc••h l..,_,factul"lnoJ and
~hanlcs "'Ot ot rwis~ 1pec.lflad
Peinters. 91ulitrt,
0,)
1.2
0.9
2.0
0.5
0.9
11 l~r
[lectrici "'
(ng11·1ttr'I Isl lion ry). er
0.2
0.6
•nufac.tu,..rs
,~1.,.,. ttc.
O.•
o.,
o.,
1.•
o.~
◄ .8
◄ .1
5.5
0.1
OJ,eratives
8"11ding industry
0.)
2.,
0.1
1.9
1.9
5.9
J.8
J.9
0.1
•.e
Poofers Ind sl t rs
9.1
1.0
1.0
1.)
Shortelrera and cobbltt"'I lnot ,n factory J
S"i 1lld .at'lc rs In prit1tfng0
S"ll ltd .orkers not tlM'#hlre cl1 siflect•
Structural ,rOft .-orQrs
hi lors and lei lor MS
Tin ittl1 nd copper~lths
..,
6.1
0.1
).I
Ph,...,.,
10.5
2.0
0.5
0.9
0.4
0.)
22
100.0
2.0
29.0
1.,
1.6
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
PaPtr- ~ , . .
nd c.-enl flnu ers
6ftd
s ~ st
f1 uer•
Pl sttrera
102
100.0
11.8
11.8
o.8
o.•
Carpenters
tr"u• ,
).5
5/.0
0.1
0.)
1\,11.:,,rig COfltractors
Ore1~loers, M
1.0
•6.2
O.•
li.•rt
Bl11ck ,lth1, f0f'1e"lefl, ,._a "
,...,,
Bo• le,....k~rs
'lf'icli nd stON1
sons art1 :1h• I)' rs
21'
100.0
).
0.i
r .,hi"Q
1ri&.1t1uf ctur,nq and f'lf!'CNl'tlul 1f'du1trleo:
I, 156
JDO.O
0.9
5.9
1.9
1.9
2.0
2,0
1.0
0.5
0,)
0.2
0.8
o.,
0.1
2.2
J.5
J.•
~:!·
o.,
0.J
0.)
0.5
o.
0.1
0.)
0,2
1.2
1.6
0.9
9.8
0.)
0.9
0.1
~lcal and el lied ll'dwstrles'
Cha ,. and tobacco factories
Cley. glass. nd stone industrle.sll
Clothi"g lndustrlesfl
Fooo nd a11 led 11'1du1tries 1
0.1
0.1
0.9
o.,
0.5
0,2
2.8
2.8
Iron and steal. --=.h,nery, etc. industr,,J
Mrettl Industries, rcept iron and stNI'
Leather industries
Lu
r and furniture industries•
•.5
•-8
0.1
,.8
•. ,
Pa~r. crlnt ing, .nr:t 111 led lndustrlta"
Text lie industriH0
Othtir fflllnufecturlng and not soeclflf'd lndustriesP
0.1
O.•
0.1
1.9
0.1
0.1
2.5
•-2
).9
0.2
0.2
,.,
0.1
2.5
9.1
6.6
0.9
2.8
1.9
2.0
Laborers
~~!J• !.~~I!~~l'd:~,::,lfleo lndu1trlt1
~~-
o~ :~, i~::,:;:vsu-Jeat
ledrtd
7.)
0.)
0.9
1.,
).6
1,6
0.1
0.2
9.0
11.1
12.5
0.1
0.2
Other •nufacturl"9 industrlesq
n
9.1
1.0
0.1
~
.net street transport tlon ts.o.t
Chauffeurs atld trucll end trac.tor drivtra
0raymen end te•ster,
G,ar 1• 1 bortr-s
Laborers for vud,, transfer. and cab ccnpenies,and ho,tlers
Laboren. road and s treet
Railroad transportatlOf'I ts.o.J
8aggager'l8ft. frei9ht agents, ticket
Boiler washers 4nd e119;ne hostlen
Brakemen (ste~ ra il road)
1.8
0.)
Iron And stMI, NCt'tlnery, ttc. il'dustrl11J
u.ll'!ber and furniture lndustrles111
Tninsportation and c°""'9nlcat10ft
ter transportation 1,.0.1
~shorei'!len •lid stevedores
SIi lors, decllhands, W bolt
6.2
0.)
0.1
1.8
0.1
0.1
nd
station agen I
2.5
0.2
0.1
0.1
o.,
,.,
19.6
2.9
1.9
0.9
2.8
15.7
5.5
0.6
0,1
0.1
1.5
1.7
0.6
0.1
1.9
2.0
0.1
0.)
Digitized by
Google
233
APPENDIX C
Tobi• 1)-UN[WPLOY[D IIORK[RS ON RELIC• WAY 1934 CLASSIFIED 8Y OCCUPATION, RAC[, UO SEX, UDALL
GAINFUL •ORK(.QS
1• GENERAL POPULATION
19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION , •
SAGlliU.W, MICHIGAN-CoUIAaed
.
, ..,.
OCO,ATIOllli
19,0
TOTAL
RHIU' 1914
TOTAL
.. ,n
WALE
Transoortat ion
~
~-·
Loccnotlve e"9lnNr1
loc:01110t Ive fl rtfllln
Wolor'llllt'I
itctnen, f l ~ . N
yardlftln
£,c9Nu, post, radio, telephone, and telegral)tl ls . o. 1
Express ~ent1. express ..ssenget"$, end rail 'I
11 clerlta
ii c.arriera
Telephone end telegraph I 1,,.....
Telegradt
u.ngers
Telegr ph end r~lo oper tori
Telephone operators
ror
I
.....
Mid
,..,.,s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.7
I.)
0.8
0.)
0.)
0.7
0.6
0.8
0. 7
0.)
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.9
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.4
9.8
o.,
0.2
0.2
2.8
0.1
0.2
0,3
0.4
0.1
o.4
0.2
15.2
8.)
8.0
0. 7
1.1
0.9
D.)
0.3
0.6
0.9
0.1
0.5
Pro,rletors a,ic, ~ , . , .
Other oc:cupat Ions•
T,_
ben lsing agents
C.0-.n:ial uevelers
O.llveryaen
fl
I era, for..-n. etW1 lnsoectora
ln•rw,ce Md r 1 Hlltl .-,u. IIIAN!gers, and officials
...,,.
uborei, I lnc:IU0.1 porters in atornJ
Proprietors texceot r1ul I dt t1r1Jt
Reta I I deal trt
Sal1.t1111tn and ulel'IIIOl!en
Other puraulll In tra:te"
0.1
0.9
0.4
0.1
1.2
0.8
).8
6. 7
0,4
1.7
Prof
7.0
0.1
0.5
0.1
1lonal Ml"'V Ice
Actors and
Archlttcta, deal9fttt1"1 , drah9Wn, and Inventors
Artl1u. sculptors, and tNCher1 or art
"'-' lclan1 and teachers of -..sic
Teachers
Technic.al englneera
Trained nursn
Other profH.slon 1 pursuits"
lprofes.slonal pur1.u1t1•
Attefdants end helpers
lloonllng Ind lodgong houM keepe,s
15.0
1.4
1.2
).5
2.8
1.9
9.4
0.9
0.4
D.5
J.7
1.2
0.5
1.7
1.7
0.3
0.)
0.)
0.)
0.5
0.)
o.,
2.1
0.)
0.7
1.0
1.5
0.4
eioi.ttlc and pel'90fla1 Ml"'Vlc.e
Barbers, halntr INN, and INl'IC\lrl1ts
2.0
0.1
0. 7
Pl.,bl le Mrvlc.o
0.1
2.8
1.9
0.2
o.,
0.3
0.1
0.2
9.8
0.8
0.6
9.8
0.1
2.6
0.2
lootbleds
0.9
44 .8
0.1
0.2
Cl evator tenders
0.1
0.)
0,3
Hotel and restaurant keepers and aanager1
Housekeepers and st
rd1
J.,ltor1 and •tons
laborer,
0.4
0.3
0.2
I.I
0.1
0.4
0.1
0,2
0.7
0.1
0.5
0,1
0.2
0.2
2.8
0.)
).6
0.8
I.I
0.5
0,4
).7
26.2
end cleaners
launderers
and
FEMALE
Ion and CO"fl!Uniutlon pursuits
0,,,
PKlOrl
~
MALE
'°""'"ic.t iOf'I (cont 1n"8d)
R:1llroad tr
port tion 1s.o.1 (con t inoedJ
COl'tdlil'cton lst..-i a1'd 1trNt railroads) and bws conducto,...
f"ormeft &f'ld ovenMrs
Other transp0rt
NEGRO .\ICD OTNER
FEMALE
0.2
laundresse
(not In ler.mdryJ
l.liuf,dry and dry cleaning
Porters (except In stores)
Praict lcal nurses
rs. NnaQert, and operatlvH
5el"'Vent1
w lters
sifled
lrleuenger, errand, and office boys and girls
Sleniogrephers rd t1pl au
0.9
0.6
0th r pur11,1 i t1•
Cltrlcal occupations
Agent,. col lee.tors, Ind credit -"'
per1, cashiers, wad accountants
Clel"lts not e l ~ r e cl
90.9
0.5
5.5
).7
1.1
0.1
0.2
9.1
81.8
7.5
9.2
0.5
2. 7
1.7
1.2
5.6
0.7
4. 1
0.8
0.)
0.9
2.8
0.9
0.1
1.8
0.2
1.9
133066 - 37- -li
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Taoh 1'-UNEWPLOYEO •o••E•s ON •ELIH WAY 193• CLASSIFIEO BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL •o•xE•s IN GENE•AL l!()PULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI
RELIEF 195•
OCCUl'ATION
TOTAL
Total .-or-i.~r1 reporting:
~~~l
Aoricul luf"t'
386,0SJ
33,510
13,600
5,5!ll
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.3
1.2
0.2
1.8
o.•
o.•
o. 7
Fa"""rs (DWN!!rs and tenants} and fe,... nanager-1
0.1
Fam laborer1i
0.2
Flshi"9 and fo,-.1tr~
Extraction of 111i,..ra1,c
Manufacturing and l"!chanical industriH
&1..1irs
Bl11ri.,,,,;11,~, fo,-9,,,..n, and
~f'fflltn
Boi 1.,,...i.,.,-s
Br-icW i11rc1 'ltON" •~ons and t Ile layers
Buildi119 contr-actors
c.v~nters
0.2
0.8
1.2
36,9
•o.o
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
50.1
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.5
0. 7
o.•
0.3
1. 7
Dr-f"'!,Vt'tker-s, s.a1W1St resse1, and
(IMt,.iciM'IS
"'i 11 irert
Er,qi~,., ('\t11tiON1ry). cra~n. ptc.
F1~., (e-xcept loc01"10tive 1tnd fir& dep,1rt•ntJ
1.3
o. 7
o.•
Fore--P.n and ovf'rW,.r'5 ("'Onuf1Jctul"inQJ
Furnace,.n, Sl'l!'ltl!rrl'n, hto.'lt~r'I, l!lnd ~Jpr1
0.9
1.6
0.5
1.0
0.5
o.•
1.,
0.2
0.1
1.(>
1.8
Plintf!rs, 9luier<1, .,,....,.,.,. &le.
1.3
1.6
Pa~r hanq@rs
PJa.,,t.,~rs end Cf"'l'l'Pnt fini'\to@-rs
Pl~n, aN::I gas aBJ ste.,. fitters
Roofers al'l.1 sh1ters
0,3
0.2
0,6
0.1
o.•
0.6
o.•
Stu:il'•"ISl.f!'M and cobblf!'r'\ (not in fac.torvl
S"-illPd wor'-tir, in prir,tingd
51,,;J\e,d t10rl,,f!rs not l'!ls~r~ c.lnsifii!d9
Structur41 1r()rt worlu•rs
0.2
0.1
0.2
fa i I DI'"'!.
o.•
ta i 1O'"~'!.~S
TinS'llith'I and COQp@'rY'liths
And
Operat Ives
9uildirq indu'\try
Ct..-mical ard 1111 ie,d industriest'
Cigar al"d tobarco hctories
Cll'ly, gla'ls, ard -.tone industriesll
Clntl'oing ir<lustri~-.h
food alJI al I il"d ihdustriu 1
Iron l'lrd st~l, ltfllchi~ry, ~tc, ,ndustriesJ
let~l indu'l,tri"!S, e'llrept Iron and steelk
lPAtt-.for iridv'\trif"St
LV"Oer ,.,..-, furnitur,. industri"~
PB~r. printing. and 11\lit!d industries"
lf":ii:l il" industri"s 0
Other 1Mnufacturirog 11nd not Spf!cified industrie,P
Laborers
Buildinq, gf"!"@rl!il, and not specifil"d industries
Cht>"'ic11l 'lrd all 1"'1 industri.,s'
Cl.,y, glass, end st,~1'11"' indu!.trlull
F"ood arl. iillied industries'
Iron ,net 'Stl!"f"l, ,,._oichincry, ~tc. indus1rlesJ
LU"!bf'r llnd furniturf" irtdu,.trif"s•
Otho!r "'llnufacturing industriesq
Transportiit ion and co,n,unicat ion
•ater tr.-,nc;port.,tion la.o. I
Long!>hor~n PJnd st~Yedores
Sl!iilors, OeckMnds, and b011tr,en
ROo!ld and stref!t transportation C•.o. I
Cha.uffeurs and truck and tractor dri ... ers
f'Jr11yiteon And tl"arn5ters
G,ttrage l11borers
Labor-tors for truck, transfer, ard cab c(ff(lanies, and hostlers
laborers, rOo'ld iircj st ~et
Railro,ed tran~portation
0.1
0.9
1.3
0.1
1.3
0,3
0.1
o.,
1.5
0.2
0.5
0.6
0,3
2.9
2.•
O.•
4.2
0.3
0.5
o.•
0.5
1.8
0.2
1.6
0.3
o. 7
1.,
.
1.0
1.6
o.•
o.•
1.2
0.1
0.5
1.9
0.1
1.9
0.2
0.6
0.5
3.5
1.2
o.•
0.1
2.8
•.8
o.,
o.•
2.0
1.6
10.1
5,2
1.1
9. 7
0.9
1.1
J.•
2.2
o.,
0.2
0. 9
o.•
o.•
o.e
0.3
15.2
2.5
0.2
0.2
0.5
2.5
25.7
0.1
0.1
2.9
•• 6
6.6
0.6
0.2
0.1
2.2
0. 7
0.1
2.5
1.9
1.J
8.9
0.5
1.6
1.1
5.0
D.•
1.•
16.•
0.2
0.2
o.,
o.,
0.2
o.
0.2
o.•
0.6
0.2
1.1
0.5
7
0,3
0.1
0.1
0,3
0.1
o.•
13,3
0,1
0.5
o.,
8.8
o.•
0.1
0,6
2.•
J.•
J.5
0.9
0.8
0.8
•.9
0.9
0.5
o. 9
o.•
0.6
o.•
2.8
1.6
0.5
1.6
•• 6
2.3
20.s
0.1
0.1
1.1
0. B
1.1
0.2
o.•
0.2
0.5
1.0
1.2
0.3
3,1
0. 7
0.8
3.2
36.8
0.1
0.2
0.1
2.2
0.1
1.•
•o. 1
0.3
1. 7
0.5
o.•
o.•
J.2
2.0
1.2
D. 7
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.6
o.•
6,240
100.0
1.6
0.2
1.•
0.6
O.J
O.J
0. 7
0.5
0.3
llachini'lh, "'illwrigkts, tool""t!llo.Pr-s, and die wtter-s
•~9e-rs an::t offici11,I, ("'8nuhcturi"9j a,-.:i Nnufactur-ers
YK.hanict not other•iw. SPf'cified
1.•
8,0EO
100.0
0.5
1.1
0.2
0.2
8.0
1.5
0. 7
0.6
•.8
t ■ .o.l
:H:~e:;;,l"~;f"!~\.~r~sho~~1~:~ and stat ion 119enU
Briike!!ll"n (ste4"1 railroad)
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
Digitized by
0.1
1.0
0.1
Google
I
235
APPENDIX C
•
Toti• 1)-UNEWPLOYEO •DRK[RS ON RELIEF MAY U)' CLA.SSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, AND All
GAINFUL WOIIKERS IN CE•ERAL POPULATIOII 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
ST. LOUIS, WISSOtJRI-Coa11 . .1d
OCCI.PATIOIII
CENSUS
IP~O
TOfAL
'IELIEF 11186
TOTAC.
...,.
TrMsc,orUt ion and Ca.lUI icalion lcont ,nued)
Railroed trantoortatiott t•.0,1 lcont in!oleCIJ
Conductors (st«•.,.., llrNt rai I roads) ana 0iu1 conc:tuctors
For_, and owerNera
Laborer•
lacC190tiW"e .-.•neers
loc:Clllll)live fir_,.
.....
.,....
S.,"~•
f l ~ . end 1erdlaen
[:icprn.t. p01t. rid i o. telephone, and hlegraph 1•. o . I
[.i;preH ao~t s, eapresa ffle$lel"iger1, and rai 1--, • i I clertt
... ii carri~rs
T e l ~ aftd telegraph 11,...n
Te I 119 r aph 11ft w,nge ra
Tel99raph
ltlO
radio oc,eraton
Telepnorw operators
0.4
0.1
1.0
0.2
0.1
o.,
0.)
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
2.5
.
0.2
0.1
0.2
.•
.•
0.2
0.1
2.4
0.1
o.&
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.2
0,)
0.5
0.8
-
Other transportation and canunication purtuiU
r ortll4r' and 0terNen
lnaoectora
~,.,..
Proprietors and -,.aaers"
Other occwipat iona 1
0.1
0.1
0.1
o.•
0.2
.
lolillllOANDOTMER
WttlTE
'°"'"
------
2.)
MAL£
FEMALE
--
-----
a.1
--
0.2
0.1
--
-- -0.2
- 0.5
-- o.•
0,3
0.8
0.1
O. J
14.8
0.1
0.6
1.0
0.1
0,7
I.I
0.1
0.9
3.7
7.2
o. 7
2.2
0.)
0.2
1.3
3.5
0.9
1.4
o. 7
0.5
2.9
5. 7
I.I
ftuDlic Mrwice
2.0
I.I
2.1
-
1.0
ProfeuiOMl MN ice
6.3
1.7
2.0
2.5
1.5
0.2
0.4
0. 2
0.4
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.1
D.4
0.4
0.)
Adrwert. i1ing aoenu
C.C-~ ial travel era
0.1 ,wer,-..n
FI009"981kera, for-,i, ard in1pector1
lnaurance an:t real ealate agent&. man,ager1, 111d officiah
........
L..-orert !inc:la.10e1 porters in slorn)
l"rgprietors (except reteil oulen)t
Retei 1 ou.lers
SaJe..et" and ul.....,-i
OUwr pur1uiU in trme"
Ac.tors and sf'IOlllllieft
Arch i t.cu, aet.ig,..n. draft...,,, an::t 1l"N'enton
Ani,u. xul ptott. ana teachers of art
...,,ic1tt11 and t.«hers of 1JU1ic
Tnthera
Technical engh... ra
Trained AurMA
Other ptofnsion.1 pursulta'"
S...iprofeasion&I purtuita•
Au..,oenu aftCI helpers
Daant ic encl personal aerwic:e
.. ,....,.s. NirdrNNrl, and aanicuriltl
Boardil'lg and ICY.1ginQ houN kffpera
8ooul11:ks
Charwo.n and cleaner's
El•etor tenders
11otel Mid t'esta,r.-.t ilNpers ano • . , . r ,
li)i,,Hi..pera and st ... rda
Jani ton 111d NlCl on,
laoren
Launderers &ftd I eunclresHs (not in laundry)
la'-"1dry MCI dry cleaning o-ners, •an.gen, and operative•
Porters (eceot in atOf"el)
frect ical nurN1
S.rw91U
.. ltera
Otter 1111rauil1•
Chrical occupatiMa
Ag.nu, col lector1, and credit ,..,,
Boottknper1. cashiers, and a:countanta
Clerk1 not else,l'lere c lu11 t ia:t
.._.....,.,., errand, ar,ci otf ice b0y1 and girls
5tencigrallher1 and typi 1U
0.4
0.8
1.8
9.9
.
0.4
0.1
-
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
o. 7
27.)
0.5
0.2
0.1
2.0
0.7
0.5
0.5
1.0
0.1
0.9
0.3
1.4
0.1
2.8
o.•
O.•
I). 7
.
0.9
0.6
0.3
i.1
1.4
1.0
0.2
4.8
1.2
0.1
1.8
0.4
12.9
1. 7
15.0
0.6
2.4
8.2
0.4
J.4
4.3
0.2
0.5
2.5
0.3
0.8
.
0.1
0.2
0.1
-
6. 7
0.2
--
-
6.2
1.4
--
-
0.4
0.6
0,3
--
-
0. 1
0.8
6.0
0.6
0.1
0. 1
0.9
20. 7
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.6
-
0.3
7.)
0.5
1.0
0.4
0.1
0.4
o.•
0.1
0.7
0.5
0.1
).0
-
4. 7
0.)
0.1
0.)
0.4
0.1
1.9
0. 8
0.1
5.2
1.0
6.9
-
4.9
0.4
0.4
,..
0.7
-
-
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.7
)4 . 4
0.2
-
-
--8.4
9.8
0.8
- -- -0.2
- I. -7 -0.2
16.8
0.2
0.7
0.4
0.)
1.5
Tr-
--
-
o.•
-
-
-
--0.6
0.5
--
0.2
0.2
-
0.1
---
76.1
0.3
0.5
-
3,8
0.8
0.2
0.5
0,3
-
12.2
5.0
-
2.2
9.5
4.5
4.5
1. 2
0.1
51.r
l.4
!LS
0.9
I.I
2.0
5.•
•.I
-
-
o. 7
0.2
-
Digitized by
-
-
-
0.5
0.1
0.5
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
236
Tobi• l)-Ul[MPLOH0 •ORKERS ON RELIEF MAY
u,,
uo
CLASsIrIt0 9Y OCCUPATION, RAC[, ANO SEX,
ALL
GAINFUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CI .ASSIFl[O BY OCCUPATION,•
ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA
RD.I (F 19}<1
cosus
10TAL
fot•I aod,en report i ng :
Agricwlt"'t
F'anatr'I (Otr,.n; and t.,.nt'II and fara
F.,.. I abortra
,..,.ge,,
Fi1hin; and forntry•
Extraction of 11i1"1eral1c
Mlnufact1i1r1ng and 111K!wnical induatrlea
Rakers
Blacks,a i thl. forq ... n.
l(GAD MDOTNP
19,0
OCCIIATION
end~,_,.
Boiltr"lllllk.ers
Br ic'-. a...:t stone ..sons and tilt la1ar1
Bui I ding contractora
c..,,.,.,.,,
Orea,..liers , u-tresaes. and •ii I inera
[lsctriclu11
Engi,-ers (1tatio1W;ry). cra,...11, etc.
Fir.en le•upt loco-mtive and fire departaentl
Fo....,n and o..,.,,Nra 1.. nuracturlngl
w-.(
111, 1~
12 . 264
,.m
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.2
0.5
2.2
0.8
, .•
0. 7
2.9
I.I
1.8
•
0.9
1.2
0.1
0.5
0.5
29.9
•5.0
51.6
0.9
0.2
0.5
O.•
0.1
0. 3
0.2
0.3
0. 5
0.2
o.,
I.I
1. 0
..
1. 9
3. 6
,.s
0.1
0.9
1.0
0.1
1.2
1.4
0.8
0.6
o. 7
0.2
1.5
o.,
lllchinisU, ■ ii l•ri9hU, tool1111ker1, at¥! dit Htttr'I
•na119n and 0Hicial1 t.. nufacturin;J and Mr1.dacturer•
Mtchanics rot other•iu •pecifiecl
2.1
0.2
2.0
0.2
2. 7
Painters. olulers, ena'lelers,
1. 5
3,)
0.2
0.6
-
•• I
1. 0
1.3
1.4
0. 5
1. 8
0,6
etc .
Paper hangers
Plast•nn and c-nt finish.rs
P l ~ n 11'd QH
•rd ste ..
fitter ■
.
0.1
1oor,,a 111d 1lat.ra
0.1
ShoeM■kers and cobb1•rs (not In faclor,-J
Skilled .orktrt, in printi"9d
Sid I led -c,rlttrs not •lsewt-ere clUai fled•
Str\lCt urel iron aiorlil•rs
Tailors and ti1ilore11es
Ti n1111i tha and copper•ltha
0.2
-
1.3
1.0
I. 7
()peret i-.,n
Buildinli) irdu1try
O.t111ical and al 11«1 imustries'
Cili)ar and tobacco factories
Clay, 9lass. aid 110,. indultrissl
Clothing industrie1h
Food and allied inch•trlu 1
Iron attd atoel . ~hi.-.ry, •tc, induatrietJ
•t•I 11"dustriH, oxceot iron and 1tNI"
LHther induttriu 1
Llofllber am f1.1rniture inch,striH•
Paper, printing, and all IN inchatrlu"
Tutile induatries0
Other Ntu1fac"twing and rmt apecl fied indwatrin'
laborera
&uildh19, 91,_,al, and not specified lnchatriH
0-lc.al and a111ed induatrin 1
Cla,. ,,au. &ftd alone indutlriHI
F'ood a,d allied induatriH 1
Iron aftd atN1. -.:htner,, etc, industrlet;
Li.Mer and furniture induetries•
Other Nftllfacturing inch•triesCI
Tranaportatlon and conaunltation
•t•r tra,.portat ion 11..0.1
LongshorlMtft and stevedof"ea
S.i lor1, deckhands, and boatnltn
0.4
o.,
0.3
0. I
o. 7
1,4
2.1
0.5
O. I
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0,1
I.I
0.1
,..
,. 7
0.1
0.2
0.1
2. 7
I. I
O. I
1.3
0.2
1.0
Fa,-.r
329
100.0
100.0
175
100.0
22.,
u.7
o.,
o.,
2.1
o.,
2.,
2.1
2.1
0.6
2. I
4. 7
5,2
0.6
0.6
1.2
0.5
2.5
1.9
O. I
0.1
0.9
1.0
0.2
,.o
,.s
0.2
0.2
1.8
0.8
0. 2
0.1
0.3
o.,
1.0
0.2
0.4
14.5
IS.•
2.5
0.8
..
10.e
1.1
o.,
2.,
2. 1
2.1
0.3
0. 9
0.2
!. 7
0.8
0.8
15.0
o.,
o.,
1.6
,.,
I.I
,..
..,
o.,
2.1
2.)
2. I
0,3
--
2.)
6.1
0.1
-
■
0.2
1.5
o.,
o.,
o. 7
8.1
0.9
0.2
\.9
Rlilrv,ad \r&ftSCIOrl.ltiOf'I 11.oJ
B l ~ n . frelehl agents, ticbt &ftd 1tation agents
Boiler ...._..., and engine trioat1ert
Brak.-.n (st•• railrOldt
0.2
0.1
0.2
0. I
0.1
o.,
Digitized by
8. 0
2.1
Ro.d and atrHt transportation 1a.o.1
ChauHtura •nd truck and tractor driver&
Drarnien and tt111Sters
Garage laborers
Laborers for true:!., transfer. and ceb c011P1,nin. and hostlers
Laborer,. road and st rMt
8.0
2.1
0.2
0.2
...
0.5
1.8
0.2
o.,
20.0
2.1
2.5
0, 8
•
1.5
1.4
,..
Furnac . .n, s-e-1 teflllln, '-•t.,.s, and p!Jddlera
MAI,.[
2,5)1
,,..
0. 1
0.6
o.~
F8UL(
0, I
0.2
0.5
Google
6.•
,.o
237
APPENDIX C
Table 1)-UNEMPLOHD rORKERS ON RELIEF MAY
GAINFUL oORKERS
193• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AND ALL
1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
IN GENERH POPULATION
ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA-CoUh•ed
REllEF 19)4
CEWSUS
19.lO
TOTAL
lOUI.
0.5
0.2
1.3
0.J
0.1
1,3
0.5
Laborera
Loc0110tive en;i,.ers
0,4
Loco.,tive firtr1en
0.6
0.1
0.8
lit>tontien
0.2
0,3
0.1
S.itc.Mln, fl~n. and yarcben
0.6
0.3
0.5
O.•
0,3
0.J
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.1
OCCUPATION
NEGRO MO OTHER
WHITE
WN..E
FEMM.E
MN..E
FEWM.£
Transportatioi, and c:om1.1nicatlon (continued)
Railroad transportation ts.o.t (contim.,edl
ConiChx:tors (st•• and street rail roads) and bus cond~tors
For-n ard overseers
Upreu, post, radio, telephone, and telegragh t•.o.J
f.xpreH agents, express ••se"91rs, and t'lllway 1111il clerks
lei I carriers
Telephone: and telegrac,k 1 l nemen
Telegraph aessengers
0.2
Telegrapf, and radio operators
Telephone ooeratora
0.2
0.9
Other transportation arc conmunicat lon purau , t s
Forlftlln end overseers
ll"IIPe<tors
laborer•
Proprietors and 1119nagers'"
Other occuo1ti0111•
Trme
Advertising agenu
~rcial travelers
Dtllvtr,-n
0.2
0,2
0,2
0.5
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.1
o.•
0.2
0.2
0,J
1.6
0.)
0.2
0.J
0.1
0. 7
o.,
0,9
0.5
0.3
18.3
J0.5
9.,
16.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.0
0.6
0.5
0.8
0.5
1.•
o••
o.•
Laborers Onell.Ides porters in storesl
1.0
0.1
1.4
3,5
1.9
I.I
0.1
0.)
I.I
0.1
0.2
5,5
Sal__,, and 1alu-.ornen
Other pursu1ts in traclew
J.5
1.,
0.J
0.6
lJ. 7
0.9
0. 7
3,6
0. 5
Publ le service
2.1
1.2
t.&
Profuslonal serv,ce
Actors and 1"'°""'8n
Architects, dltig,..ra. drafts11,en, and Inventors
Artists, •culptors, end teachers of art
.lilusiclana and teachers of 11111.sic
Teachers
8,9
0.1
Technical englne,rs
Trained nur:ses
Other profeulonal pursul u"
S-iprofeulorel pur•uits•
At tenet.Ats and helpers
Dcnestic and personal aervlce
&rbers, hairdressers, and 1111nicuri1U
Boarding and lodging house keepers
Bootblacks
Chano-,en and cluners
Elevator tenders
Hotel and restaunu,t keepers and managers
House epers and ste•rds
Jani to rs and MJttons
Laborers
Ullunduers and laundrKses {rot in laundry)
Laundry and dry clNning o.ners, 1111nagers, and operatives
FDrlers (except In stores)
Practical nurses
Servants
i ters
Olher pursuits•
Cleric.al occupatlol'\s
Agents, col lee tors, and credi l fflen
Book.keepers, c:.ashien, and accounlAnts
Clerits not elstwhtre c:1assl fied
Muunger. err-and, and office boys and girl a
Sterographera and typists
2.1
0. 7
0.1
o••
0,1
2.1
1.9
floorwalkers, fof"efflen. 11'1d i nspeetors
lnaurance and r•I utate 1gent1, man.agers, a~ officials
,.._,boys
Proprietors lucept reta i l dealers)'
Retail dealers
0.3
1.•
2.1
5.0
0.3
'.? ,I
2.2
6••
2.6
1.9
0,J
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.5
2.0
0.1
0.1
O.•
0.2
0.3
0:1
I. 7
0.6
J.5
0.2
o.•
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.)
I.I
2.1
12.J
U.2
5.8
37,8
:J6.2
0,9
0,6
0.J
0.J
0.6
0.3
0.3
2.1
0.1
0.J
0.3
O. I
O.•
2.6
0.6
o.•
O.•
o. 7
1.•
0,1
0.2
1.0
0,3
0.3
• •8
.
J.2
0,3
o.•
J.)
0.1
I.)
o••
0.4
6.J
2.2
0.1
8.•
0.2
1.8
8,9
•• 6
0.)
0.5
I.)
12. 0
0.6
2.1
0,6
I.I
0.8
6.•
B.0
12.0
0.6
0.1
1.0
0.6
80.0
0.1
o.•
0.5
0.8
J.9
l,3
0.5
17.J
3.•
0.1
3,3
2.5
20. )
7.4
2.1
15.0
2.1
6. 7
0.2
16. 0
2.1
J.3
J.9
0.3
0. I
0.1
1.6
0.5
0.1
,.5
6.)
6..
-
u.o
,.o
2.J
0.6
0. I
5.8
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIBF
238
hole ll-U•E•PlOYEO •ORl[IS ON l[llEF IIAY 191• CLASSIFIED 1Y occu,.r101, -•CE, uo SEX,
C.,,INFUl l'ORIEIS IN GENEUL ,OPUlHIOI 1930 CLASSIFIED BY occu,u10•.•
s•LT LAKE CITY, UUH
COISUS
19,0
OCCU,AflOIII
fOTAl
TOTAL
54,069
S,522
100.0
r ,..,, (
,.,. I eoorers
rs ancs te•ntsJ
nd far•
aane19ra
(xt,..ctlon of 111il'litr1l1°
W.nufacturll\g 1nd ..c:Nnlcal indu1tr l 11
kers
llack.. lth1,. for9.-en, no
loile,_k rs
NwM!t,..,.
Irle
and
atone
NSOf\6 and
("9 l rieer-1 lat.atlONryJ. er.....,, etc.
(u:ce,t loc010tlve and fire
for.en
and
tJ
ove, ... rs (...,hc twr lng)
~,...
nd
offlclah l..,.,hcturl"IJ afld ..,,.,faith1rer1
lllch&nic1 not ot
rw1M u,eclffd
21.•
25.0
0.5
0,3
38,8
0.5
0.8
0. 4
•5.0
0.6
1.0
0.5
1.5
0.5
15.8
-
)0.1
1,2
0,6
0,1
I.I
1.5
2.0
1.,
,ta,teref"I eftO c.-.nt flnllhtra
fhten
,...,_,. •nd ta• and st
Roofers Ind 1l111ra
0.1
0.)
0.6
0.1
~kers end cobblers (not In factory)
0,2
Sklllld ti0rhn In prlnth,,g11
,.. claulflff•
Sldlltd -or art not ti
Structural Iron aorkera
T1 l lor1 Ind Lal lorHM.I
Tln .. l tl\s 1.nd cop0t,...lth1
O,.ret lv11
I.I
o.•
0.1
0.2
1.0
0,1
).5
). 7
0.2
1.5
1.6
o.,
o.,
1.2
5,3
1.2
l.J
0.8
0.2
0.2
..•.1,
-
1.2
1.J
0.1
0.2
2.0
2.1
0.5
-
1.2
0.2
2.)
-
1.2
0.5
0,)
0.2
1.0
0.)
1.2
0. 2
0,2
0. 2
•
o.,
o.,
o.,
o.,
Chelfllc1I 1nd 11 I led lnduttrleaf
Cloer ind tobacco (,ctor l 1
Clay, 91 1, Md atone lnctu1trlut
Clothlng lndvllr l ■1"'
Food and 111 led l ndustr ies 1
0,2
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.9
0.1
0.4
0.1
0,2
-
0,1
0.6
1.9
0.1
0,1
1.0
2.6
5.7
-
Iron a.nd ' ' " ' · NChlnery, llC, lnctu1tr1uJ
lillt1I lnduttriu, 1xceot lrot1 and 1tNl1t
LNtfrler INU1 tr l11 1
l..Milber and furniture lndustrl .,Paper. prl"tlng. and a ll led 1,.._tr l•"
0.6
0.1
1.2
0.3
1. 5
o.,
-
2,)
-
2.8
0.2
0.2
0,3
1.1
o.•
0.2
0.5
-
0.5
-
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.8
0. 4
-
2.a
5.8
8.6
0.2
0.1
0. 1
0.1
-
1.2
0,5
9.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
1.1
0.1
0. 2
0.3
0,2
0.2
0.5
10.•
2.2
0.2
0. 1
0.1
lulldl119
Tntlla loduotrl ...
.....
Other
,..,,acturlng and not 1p.clfled lndustrl u'
,..
lulhtlng, general, and rot spec ifi ed lndu.1trles
Chalcel and 11 I led lndustrlu'
Clay. glus. and atone lnou1trl11I
food Ind 1111.S lr~u1trl11 1
I, MChlrery, etc, lnduttrle-1
Iron and at
LUl'Olr 1nc1 (urn1ture lndus tr l,_.
Other ...,.,,facturlng lndus t rles4'
T.-ansoortatlon MCI COMM"lc..t lOf\
•ter transoortatlon la.a. 1
Longsho,..,.n and 1tevldorea
S.llora, deckhfllncls, and bolllltn
tran,oortatlon 1, . 0 . 1
~ tractor driver&
Ora~n and
Garage labor.ra
La~rars (or truck, transfer, and cab COIIOl,nl a . 1ndhoatlera
laborers , road and 1trNl
0,2
0.4
-
2.)
o.a
-
2.9
16.0
18.9
2.6
21.1
6.6
a.,
-
6.9
-
1.2
-
1.2
Road end strNt
ChauHeur-a and truck
,..,.t,n
ilroed transportation
o.,
1.•
0.8
0,1
0.1
1.8
0.2
0,1
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.1
0,1
1.0
0.1
0.1
1,.0. t
::n~~"!.'!'~n!'t-o!!r:,!
8ra~
0.1
l•t- rallrood)
I/Id station
■;ents
o.•
Digitized by
10, 1
1.1
4, 5
1.0
0,9
1.0
0.6
0.6
0.1
1-.1.,,
3,6
).6
-
,alnters, 9la,l1r1, 1N1111l.ra, etc.
'-"' ,,_,..
9.2
0.6
8.6
I.I
0.2
, heater-a, aftd PIICIOlers
furnte.-.fl, ... 1te
WK:hln11u, lllwrl~tl. oolllllktn, end die Ntltra
0.5
0.2
0.3
1.1
0.1
pert
5.7
2. 3
3,,
o.e
2.1
0,6
0,8
,i,_.,.
100.0
6.1
CarNttUrs
trffMI, end •llllners
29
100.0
1.1
0,5
o,,.,... .,..
173
100.0
1.9
3.0
lulld l ng contrac:lOt"I
[lec:trlcl1n1
1,0511
100.0
..,
o.,
o.,
ll I• 1 ,.,..
• .213
1.1
f'i ... l"9 ind forestry•
All
IICGIIO AMO Ol"MEJI:
0.6
1.1
100,0
A1r-icul tvre
11M I l£
uo
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,.6
7.1
239
APPBNDIX C
Tabh U-UNEMPLOYED WOHUS ON RELIEF MAY 19)4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, AND All
GAINFUL WOUERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPUION,•
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH-Co•ll ..e4
I
RUIEF
CfNSUS
OCCl#ATIOII
I
10]()
TOTAL
TOTAi.
_,
19)4
..,,n
■E:GRO
'iDMU
_,
AND OTMEA
FEMALE
T,,.,..,.,,-tatlon Md ca.uni cat ion !cont i~J
•ii
rad trMt00rtetlon ••·••, (continued)
Conductor■
tat. . and strNt r1i I roacttJ
ror-,. Md ow-er8Nrs
en:t bus condMCtors
laborers
loc01110t ,.,. et'!li,..,.
loc(IIWIQt.iw fi r.-.n
tibtOt"llllft
o.,
~ i tc-...n. fl...-,i, and ,aro-ien
[-,,_a, PMl, rad i o, telapt,one, and tel99ra.ph 1s. o. I
E•a,rnt .-,its, exprHt •n•nger-s. end raiJ ..r • II clerks
Wall carriera
Telephone
felegrapf'I
Telegraph
Telephone
and telegraph I i,....n
-.1Nng41r1
and radio operators
o,9rator1
and
•nagera"
Other occwpation1•
,,_
.ldwertising 'f'l'lll
C--n::ial tra-velera
De l lve,.,..n
Fl~lhra, for.-.n, and i1t1pectors
(Nuranu Md ral Htate
_,. I
Laborers
agent ■,
..,.,.,.,. end offici•I•
includff po,rter1 In storHJ
Mlle tervic1
P\-ofH1io,ial Nrvice
Acton-•rch l tectt. dlsignera. draft...,.. •nd inotentort
Artltll , ""lptora, and t1achlra of art
Mll,t lc IMe and tNCttert of -.rslc
Teacheni
fectwiiul engi,...,...
fralftN nursn
Otl\ff profnsiona, p.,,raui u"
S.lprofHtional purtui ta•
4tteftdutl Md helPttrt
f11111N91"'• and
S.n,Afth
• it.,,
Other Pl'l"IUitt•
Cleric.al occupetiOM
~ t t. collectors, Md credit~
8ookkNPrtr'I, cashiers, and accounl.,,ts
Clerkt not el9"heNt classified
...,.__,.,, err111nd, and office boys al'ld girls
Stll'IOQrapfliera •net typists
0.)
I .)
0.)
o.,
-
-
0.)
1.7
1).2
---
0.6
-
-
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
o. ,
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.1
20.2
0.2
1.2
0.6
0.2
1. 7
10.5
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.1
1).8
0.1
O.•
10.1
0. 1
0.5
0.1
0 .1
0.5
--
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.9
I.)
1. 7
1.,
4.8
0. 3
-1).1
--
•
1.0
6.1
0.2
).4
0.8
10.5
0.2
0.4
0.2
2. 7
0.1
0.1
2.8
•
0.2
0.5
0. 1
0.2 ,
0.1
0.1
-
-
0.4
0. 2
0.8
2.6
o.,
-
-
o.,
0.1
0.2
0. 4
12.1
I.I
14.6
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
5.2
0.2
0.1
0.)
8.1
1,2
I
o.,
1. 5
0.1
1.0
7.1
1. 5
0. 5
8.0
O.J
4.,
15.0
1.0
4.1
5.5
0.2
4.2
,.a
,.,- ,.,-
0,5
1.4
1.8
0,1
1.0
0.5
1.2
1.9
0,1
0.2
-
•
o.e
0.1
-
•
2.,
0.)
--
1.2
0.5
• 1.2
•
0.1
o. 7
0.1
1.2
52.D
1.5
0.2
0.5
4. 1
1, 0
0.1
0.2
0.1
-
I.I
-
0.2
1.,
-
1.4
D.4
0.2
0.5
o.4
0.5
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.5
1.7
1.0
5.9
2.0
1.2
0.2
-•
0. 2
-
0.2
0. 2
0.1
0.2
0.2
M
.
2.9
0.6
o.,
-
--- -- 2.90.1
0. 2
2. 0
0.1
I.I
o.,
oo.rativH
I .)
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.4
o.•
HDtel and r'nt•ur•nt kNNr'I and lllllnagl'r'I
Mout.a.MPe"I and 1t.-rd1
J•nitOr'S M'CI HJl'tont
Laborers
uuf'lderers and laundretMI (not in l111ndr1)
-
----
o.,
0.3
o.,
1.2
DalllNtlc Md pierwnal 11rvice
larbtf"I. hairdruMrs, ■ nd •nlorlstt
ae.n:11no and lodging house k..,.rs
IDotbl•ck.a
Chi,...,. and cle•nera
E1watar tendlrt
0.2
0.3
1. 4
0. 2
1. 0
0.2
0.)
0.1
0. 1
0.2
0.1
o.4
0.1
1.6
4.0
9.•
0.5
Proprietor"I t1xceot retail dNler1J 1
t.tail dHler"I
s.1 ...... ..,., ..1ellllQJilllrl"
Other pur1Uit1 in tradeu
l..al.a'ldf'l' Md di') cleaning""'"'•
Parters (exc.ot in StOr'etJ
,,.act ic..-1 nurHt
0.2
O.)
0.2
0.1
0.)
1.0
Other transpertation and c--..nication ,ursuitt
Fo,.,.n an:t owerseer1
lntP«tors
Uibor.,a
,.._,letora
0. 5
0.2
1. 0
0.6
0.3
0.)
2.4
0.9
0.2
0.)
-
•••
9.5
0.2
2.8
1.5
-
4. t
Digitized by
---1. 7
-1.2
1.2
---
1.1
1.7
----
--
-----
-
7.1
--
7. 1
-78.6
7.1
-7.1
-
----
57.2
7.2
----
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
T ■ blo
!)-UNEMPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 19)• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, AIID SEX, AND ALL
(iAINFUL WORKERS IN (i[N[RAL POPULATION 111)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA
OCCUPATION
Total arorllers reportil'Q:
Agriculture
fa,,..rs (c.ners
r.,,.
.._.,
Perce,nt
and l9f'l.,h) and fan11-.neger1
1eborers
fiatiing and forestry•
Extraction of •Iner• JsC
CENSUS
19.IO
TOTIL
l4,005
100.0
2.•
0.8
1.6
1.2
RELIEF 19)4
TO'f'Al
•AU
FEMALE
IIALE
5.~,
100.0
),1118
100.0
1,117
100,0
1137
100.0
).)
).6
0.2
0.7
2.6
1.6
1.2
2.4
1.8
0.2
0.6
21.9
0.5
0,2
0.1
0.2
0.8
)9.1
0.6
0,4
0.1
0.6
I.•
[l"IQiAHrs 1,ution1ry}. crenenien, etc.
Firenien le•cept locClftlOtive .-Id fire departflal'ltJ
2.8
0. 7
0.7
0.5
0.1
5.6
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.2
1.6
1,6
0.)
Fol"e'lllf'I and ao,ef'Mltrs (1Mnufacturlt\9J
0.)
0.)
0.5
Machinists, t1ill•rlqhU, toollftllllers, and die setters
lrilanaqers and officials jsanufacturingJ 111d ,qnufacturer,
Mechanic, not other-.iae 1Pt(ified
0.6
1.2
2.1
o. 7
I.)
0.)
).8
o.~
Paintt,r·s, 9laziers, enaael•rs. etc.
P•oer hangers
Plasterers and c... nt finishers
Pl~rs and gH Md st.- fitters
Roofers end slaters
1.5
j.)
o.•
0.5
0.1
1.7
1.4
0.)
5.3
0.1
2.0
2.1
0.6
ShMIIIPers and cobblers (not in factory)
51,ii I led -,rliiers in print ir19d
51-:i I lid 111100:ers not e1H'tllhere clusified9
Structur11l iron 1110rker1
Tailors olnd tai loressn
Tln•lths n copper911iths
0.2
0.6
0.5
0.1
0.)
0.2
0. 2
O.i
0.2
0.)
0.2
0.1
0,)
I.•
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
1.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.5
).4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.)
0,)
o.•
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
lilenufacturiFMJ and 111Khaniul Industries
Bakers
6ltckS111iths, forg....,,, and h.,....r"ftlleft
Boi ler,-.ahrs
Brick and stone •sons and tile layers
&:ii loing contractors
Carpenters
Ore,sukert, N_...t res1e1, end .. ii liners
[lKtricians
Furnac...-n, .,.1 ,.,,...,, heaters, Md puddler,
Operativn
Bui I ding Industry
Chtfflical and allied induttriHf
Ctgar and tobacco f1ctoriet
Chy, 91111, and stone industrial
Clothing industries,.
Food and al I ied lndustrlea 1
Iron and ste-el, MKhlnel")'. ett lndustrl.sJ
Metel industrie-9, exc"t Iron and steel"
Leat~r lnctustries 1
Ll.l'lber and fun,iture industries•
Paper, printing. and 111 ied irw:tustries"
TeJCtile industries0
Other NnUfacturin; and not specified industrieaP
l.aborwrs
Bui loing, gener11l, and not so-cified industriet
Ch•ical andlall ied industrlesf
Chy, ghas. l"ld stone industrlesl
food and allied lndustrles 1
Iron and steel, Mehinery. etc. lndu1tr1esJ
Lumber and furniture industries•
Other "'8nufacturin9 inclustrlesq
frat)sportat ion and cOfllllUfllcat Ion
.. ter transportati011 11.0.1
Longshol"ellllfl and stevedores
Sei Iors, deckhands, and boatn11n
Road and street transportation 1•.0.1
Chauffeura and truck and tractor driffrs
OraY"'9" and teMaters
Ciar119e I a.borers
L1borera for truclc. transfer • .,dcab COllt)llniel, and host I ers
Laborers, road and ttrnt
Railroad tran~portation l•.0.1
Baggage,,en, freight agents, ticket and st•t Ion qents
Boiler ..!hers and engine hostlers
Brakemen htellr'I rai 1road I
•
-
. .
0.1
0.2
•
.•
0.2
U. I
0.1
0.7
•EGRO ANO cmD
941TE
.
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.9
0.8
0.2
1.0
2.0
9.2
-
-
5.7
-
0.7
0.2
-
0.4
7.0
).6
0.2
1.4
15.8
0.2
)5.2
-
-
0.2
--
1.0
--
0.8
-
).8
o.•
0.4
0.2
-
0.4
0.2
0.2
--0.2
-0.)
-0.2
1.5
6.8
-
-
0.2
0.2
O.)
0.4
O.)
.
3-3
1.0
-
).)
0.6
-0.8
0.6
-0.8
2.0
0,2
0.2
0,4
-0.2
0.1
0.1
0,1
0.2
0.2
6.5
0,)
0.1
0.2
0,2
0.1
0.)
6.7
IJ-•
15.7
2.1
25.6
0.1
0-1
0.)
0.1
o.,
-
0.4
2.)
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.6
6.4
0.(
8.6
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.6
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0.)
0.2
o.•
5.9
0.6
•9.•
1.,
o.•
0.2
0.)
o.i
0,2
0.1
2.5
.. .
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
U.2
0.)
Digitized by
-
0.8
---
i.,.2
1.2
0.8
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.4
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-
8.4
1.6
1.0
0.2
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-
0.2
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100.0
0.8
-
0.8
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0.6
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-
0.5
--1.7
2(,2
--0.6
-
-
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--
APPENDIX C
Tobie !}-UNEMPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 19J4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RAC[, ANO SEX, AND All
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
SU DIEGO, CALIFOQ~IA-C0Ul1u1ed
RELIEF 1934
CENSUS
19}0
TOTAL
OCCUPATIQril
NEGRO AND 0TM£R
atlTE
TOTAL
MALE
FEMALE
WALE
FOIALIE:
TrMsoortation Md cCJ11WJnication (continued!
Rai I rOM t ransportet ion t •. o. , (continued J
Comuctors (st•• and street railroads) and bus conductors
l.aborert
Locc,aot ive e-ngineers
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
LOCOIIIIOtive fir...en
Wotof'119'1
0.1
For...n and overseer,
S.i tcl'lfflen, fl
acren.
and :,archen
Exore11, post, radio, teh•phone, and tele9raph ts.o. I
Express age,nts, ••press niessengers, and rai l•y iu.i 1 clerks
llai I carriers
Telephone 11\d teleQraph Ii,....,,
Telegraph ...,,~ng~rs
TeleQraph and radio operators
Telephone operators
0.1
0.2
0,2
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
O.J
-
O.J
0.1
0,1
0.1
0,2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
-
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
-
-
•
0.2
0.4
1.6
0.4
0.2
1.9
Other tran5portation and cClf'IIIUnication puraults
For.-.n
and
overseers
0.2
0.1
ln1pectors
laborers
Proprietors and ...,,.,.,,.
Other occupations•
•
Tr-
0.5
-
0.2
0.2
1,0
ID.2
11.9
0.1
0.3
0.9
12.2
17.0
6,J
0.3
0.5
-
0.2
0.2
I.I
o. 7
0,4
0.1
0.3
1.6
6. 5
0.6
Public service
13.3
1.5
Profeasional service
Actors and shOl#llen
Architects, designers. dr"aft!1'11911, and inventol"I
Art istl, sculptors, and te.1ehera of art
lllusicians and teacher"s of lftUSic
ID.J
4,9
0.3
0.3
O.J
0.9
2.2
0.2
0.1
0. 2
0.6
I.I
0.8
1.3
2.7
1.0
0.6
0.5
0.8
0.3
0,4
,......
,.
Technical engineers
Trained nurses
Other professional pursuits"
S.,ip,-ofessional pursuits•
Attendants and helpers
eo.stic Md personal Nrvice
Barbers, hai rd,.nsers. and iqnicuri sts
Bot.r'ding Md lodging house keepers
Bootblacks
01.,...,..,, and c I Hner'S
E1e¥ator tenders
Hotel and rnta,rant keepers and 111&nager1
HousekNpers Ind st ... ,..d,
J-,itora and sexton&
Lllborars
L.1uncN,.-er1 and laundrnses
(not in
laundry)
lAundr,, and dry cleani"9 Ollfte,..S, Nna,gers, and operatlvn
Porten l••cept in 110,.-n)
Pract lc1I nurses
Servants
Wai ten
Other pursuits •
Clerical occupations
Agents, collecton. and c,.-ldlt ..,,,
BookkNpers, ca.shiers, and accountdlfllS
Cl erkt not e I se-here c I ass i f i ed
"81Nnger. errand, and office boys and girls
Ste,nographer't and typists
-
0.4
0.7
-·
-
0.2
Laborers I Includes porter, in stores)
Proprietors l••cept retail deal•rsJt
Retail dealer5
S.le'9ften and uleswomet1
OU,er pursuits in tradeu
-
0.2
0.5
0.2
Insurance and rNI estate agents, 11a11agers. and officials
0.11 • .,,....,.
Floorwalkers, forlllllefl, and i l"ISpectors
0.6
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
O.J
0.1
3.1
Advert i Ii ng i19enll
Cowlercial travelers
0.4
0.1
0.1
1.3
4.8
8.4
l.J
0.1
0.9
O.J
0.1
-
0.6
0.8
5.5
13.3
I. 7
4.5
O.J
-
0.4
1.6
0.6
3- 7
0.2
11.5
1.8
2.0
o.4
0.1
0.2
0.4
0,4
-
o.•
I, 5
o...
1.0
-
-
0.4
,. 7
-
-
2.3
-
1.J
0. 2
o. 7
0.4
0.6
39. 7
0.7
1,0
-
16.5
0.7
0.2
0.2
-
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.6
6. 5
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.1
I.I
1.2
0.9
0.1
0.2
o. 7
1.7
0.1
0.9
4,8
1.6
0.1
1.9
0.4
1,3
9.1
1.1
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.6
0.1
0,4
0.6
I, I
0.4
2.J
0.2
-
4,4
0.6
!il.B
0.6
0.2
2.0
0.6
0.1
0,4
2.7
O.J
4.7
•• 7
17.7
0.6
2.5
0.2
6.4
0.2
6.2
O.B
-
0.6
9.1
5.5
4.4
13,7
0.5
2.8
0.1
2.0
2.1
0.1
1.2
0.1
1.8
2.1
-
-
4.7
0.2
J,4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0,2
5.4
-
J.B
0.1
1.9
1,4
-
-
0.5
0.1
0.1
0,5
0.6
2.1
18.2
I.I
1,6
0.4
2. 2
0.5
0.6
0,5
-
0.2
IA.I
1.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0,1
0.7
2.2
o.,
0.7
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
-
5.6
Digitized by
8.2
0.8
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1.4
0,6
0.8
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URBAN WORKERS OH RELIEF
c.AlfllfUL a 0•OE AS
uo
sex. AND All
MU 19)• CLASSlfl[O 8Y OCCUPATION . HCC.
l!'I C,(lll('lAL POPULATION 19)0 CL&SSIFl[0 8Y OCCUPlTION.•
•u•rr
, •••• 1)-u•IWPL OYCO •o••c•s o•
SU r~&•CI SC O, CAL1f Oq •11A
A£LIEF Ill'
tOISUS
19.IO
1---~- ----~- ----
IOT M.
rl.ua report, "'II:
folal
& ,
ra,..
11bor•r1
E.11:tract,on of 1111neral
l11f1"9 afld
,c:
C
1ca,I 1ndu1tr1•
•'•
...I'.
.,,"'"',.,,.
flla.c.1. ... ,ths, for~r1. aM hao,ae,,..n
... ,. 4'nd tile la,ers
Buil~•nt contr to~
8r,c1i ei,d
■ •one
fexupt I
t•"'•
f,,..
d-..r-t
ntJ
onrsttrs I nufactur,ng)
F'or..,n 11'0
n, .,..1 ,.,.,...,_, h.. ters,
Furn,c
""die Htl•ra
\ta1'99er1 and off ic.,ah I nwf•ctwringl ard
hl",a rot ot~,.,u
nwflCU,rers
1HC1f1ed
en a,,o cobblera lf'IDt in ractoryl
Skilled •orkera in printing•
re cl.u11r1-,•
r1ter1 no\ el,
Sliilled
rlo.era
Suwct1.1nl iron
a.f'ld
0.6
0.2
D.9
0.)
1,9
5.0
1.2
0.9
1.0
0. 7
I.)
,..
0.2
0.1
1.9
0.2
o.,
0.2
0.1
1.2
1.2
0.1
,.~
..
1
Food ard al I 1ed 1 .atrles
atld tt~l, ,w: int ry, etc. 1fl(justrinJ
''°"
r ~ twr,.llv"• uo,urias•
L
Other 1Mnwf .:t", 1"'9 1N3uslri•q
nic1l1on
Transp>rtttion and co
ttr traras,ortat ,on 11.0.1
lonpl'lor_..,. I'd st1111r.:tiru
Sa,lor,, decl...,.l'\d1, ar,d bott. .n
bd and str t tr nsportat ior, ts,0.1
Chl"fftura tnd truck al'ld tractor drive"
ters
Ora,,..,, and t.nd c b c
n,o. M'CI ho1t1•r"I
,lroed tr 'l1P0rl•tlon tt.o.t
Ra iAi"lt"• fr•iihl •gents, tic"-et and stet,on ~nta
hostlers
flJoller • •htr1 and enii
railroad!
Br ...,. bte
2. 7
).8
0.)
1.0
1.2
0.7
0.2
,.,
..
1.,
,
I.)
0.7
~-·
1.6
0.6
0.8
2. I
o. 2
O.•
I.)
o. 1
0.1
0.2
0.2
o.,
o.,
•.5
7.A
2.8
0.2
1.0
0. 7
1.8
2. I
0.1
0.2
0.)
0.)
0.)
D.2
o.,
0.2
0.)
0.2
o.,
0.2
0.2
2.,
o••
0,)
I.)
1.2
0.9
0.1
0.8
1.5
0.9
17.•
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,.1
1.6
).S
...
2.9
0.1
,.,
17.1
).6
tt.•
5.1
5. 7
2.9
0.1
8.6
,..
o.,
0.5
0.7
0. 7
I.)
5. I
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.)
2. 7
0.1
1.5
,.,
0.9
2.)
1.8
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
i.,
o. 7
,,.o
2.8
S. I
o.,
10.5
•2.8
2.1
,.1
1.5
0.)
0.1
0.5
O.•
o.,
)4. t
0. 7
1.0
o.,
2.)
1,4
1.5
o.,
o. 7
0.2
0.1
)!,O
100.0
5.1
0.2
0.9
o.,
I.HO
100.D
LA
o. 7
z,. 7
7.0
o.,
0.2
0.)
FUtM.E
WAI.I
0. 7
o.•
0.)
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.8
Laborer,
&.,tiding, ,.,,.,..1, and not specified indi.-tr+es
°'411-ical nd all led inr:hdlrtH f
C'•'1• 91 $, rd atone lndldtnes•
o.,
0.)
0.2
c ,,.ry, etc. 1f'Ckntr, .. J
Iron end atNI.
Mlttal 1~u1trin. e_..c-,\ iron and ,tHl"
t.uher lndltS riea 1
l\lllmr and f1.1rnl h.1r• 1rldtAtr,e1•
~per, printing, atld all 1ed i,.1\rin"
Ta•ttle lndlolStrlea0
Other .. ,,,.,, cturin, •~ not 1peclf1 d •nck.tltriH,
Lsborer, (or tn,d, tra,u,fer,
l.olboren, ro.ad •f'WJ l\ree\
0.1
0. 7
()perath,H
Buildlfti 1nch•try
1
Che,liul nd all ,ed lndwstrlu
Cf91r nd tobKco factor••
Cl y, gl1u. nd ato,,,e indottriu•
Clo thi ng 1nduatrlu"
1
Food •nd all led lnd111trle1
C.r • l1borefl
1.2
I.I
(OCll)ef . . 1\hs
0,4
UJO.O
l,)
'7.1
1.0
0.2
0.1
te1lore11u
T,,,..lt I end
0.•
0.1
,
ler1, etc.
Painters. gla11er1,
Paper n91rs
P1 terera arid c.ient (ini,.,.,.
•nd Ile• f tl ter•
Pl \lllber1 nd )
Aoorera 1td slaters
I.)
0.2
I. I
41.)
o. 7
nd plolddlers
11tchln11t1, •111.•d hu, tool•ker1,
1.0
0.9
5,290
D.2
0.1
I.I
c,.,,...,,.rs lllat ,oniar,.I. c,.,,.._,,, etc.
0.t
16,:ltO
100.0
27.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0,9
Onu.l..ers, ...-.tretus, and ,..111 inert
[lec.tr,ci ns
T•,lors
100.0
1,1
o.•
Carpenters
r,,....-,
100.0
0.2
0.6
0.)
r11tlit19 Ind for~l\ry•
f
2:J.•lO
o.~
lcwl twre
re,,..rs I ner1 and ten.aritsl and fa,. •n,~r•
F90l[
IULE
))).51)
0.1
,.1
o. 7
12.8
).5
5.7
I.I
).6
0.8
0.2
0.2
0.1
0. 1
0.9
0.1
0.1
0,1
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APPENDIX C
cuss1rno BY OCC UPAIIO•. RACE. UD SEX, UDALL
GAINFUL •ORXERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSl'IEO BY OCCUPATION , •
h•lo 1)-u•EWPLOYED WORKERS D• RELIEF MAY 19)4
SUI FRANC ISCO. CALIF'ORNIA-CoUl~Hd
...
RQIH 19J4
,
CE'NSU!
OCCUl'ATtOtl
TOTAL
fran11ortetion •nd CQlll"Unicat1on
bilroad tran,portation 111.0., (continued!
Conductors lstur•
And
10UI.
lcontin*I
street rai I roa:jsJ and bus conductors
F'ore,:,en &nd overseers
Laborers
loc.Ol'Otive eng1t'INrs
loc011GtiV'I fir.-. n
'6oto naen
S-1tdwen, fl•-,11tn, u'd yar°"'9fl
(apreu, poat, rM i o , telepMne , otnd tP1egraph 1s. o .1
[1pr eu a9&nh, exprns lft«SWngers, arw:I rai l••Y .. ii clerlita
... i 1 c arriers
l•le~one and tel~raph I inMen
TtleQraph ~st-ngers
Telegraph and radio ~,.ators
Tel epkont: aper-a tors
.
0.)
0. 3
0.)
O.•
0.4
0. 1
0. 1
0.4
0.1
0. 5
0.1
0. 2
0. 1
0,5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0. 1
0. 1
0.2
0. 1
0. )
0. t
0.2
0.1
0.1
O.)
0.2
0.2
1.0
1.0
o.•
o.,
2.2
•.5
0. 7
Othtr transportation and c~nic.ation pursuits
F'ora.,n ana overseers
Uborers
0.1
0.1
0.1
Proprietors and rT11Mg1tr1'
Ot ..._, occupations•
0.1
0.1
0,4
0.4
18.4
10.9
lntc,«tor1
,,_
Alfvertis i n.;i a9tnts
C.0-.,,c,al tnvel.rs
O.liverylftl'n
rloo, ..lllers, fo~n . ard insc,ec t or,
,,.u,.al'ICe and rHI utat• a99nts , •navera, ard otriclals
laborers ( i ncludH porter, in 11ore1J
. . . SbOJI
Proprietor, 1... cept ret ■ i I dealersJ'
i.u i I dealers
~l ....n and uln..,..n
Othtr purauiu in trade"
o.~
0.2
0. ~
0. )
0.1
2.2
0.5
0.1
1.•
).8
8.9
0,4
flub) ic Mrvice
3.2
Profn1 ional Nrvice
8.3
Actora atld shcH,,ien
Architect~. designers, draft,111en, and i,,.,.ntor1
.t,rt i1U , 1cul ptor'I, and lHcher, or an
Mwlici,,. am te.c.,_,. or 111Wic
Teec:hers
Technic.■ 1 •ngineer1
Treined nura.es
Other profe:11ionaf t)ul"luitl"
S-iprofn1iOl'lill ,x,nuits"
Attendanll and htlpera
DrliaNt ic and personal service
flarbers, ttairdres,.,.,, and 11111n icuri1t1
brdlng and lodging J-N,u1e keeper1
lootblacloa
Cha,.,,..n and cleaners
Ele¥ator tenders
Hotel and resta1.1rant keeper, and •nagers
HoulekNP9rs ard ,t.,.ards
Jani tors and seaton•
Uiborwn
L.11111:Hrera and laundrnsn fnot if'I leundryJ
0.3
0.)
0,3
o. 7
t.•
o.e
0.1
O, I
0.5
0.6
0.1
1.1
0.4
0.3
0.3
I.I
5. 7
o. 7
o. 7
5.2
0.)
0.1
0.3
0. 6
0.8
0.6
I,)
o••
2.~
0.6
0. 3
1. 2
0.5
0.4
15. I
IS.5
I.I
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.)
0,6
0.9
0.8
1.3
0.1
•
0.2
0.1
0.2
o.,
0.2
0.4
1.4
.
la.u-wtr1 and dry clNninljl o•ner1, .-.nagen, and oe,,eratlvn
Partert (-,icapt t n Slorul
1.6
1. 4
0,)
Prac t i cal nu,..,
0. 6
Servants
•it.ers
Other ,ursui ta•
5,3
0. 2
1.2
7.2
).I
Cl.,.lcal occ11pat ions
16,1
8. 5
o. 7
0.4
'9tnts, col lee tors, and credit ~n
fbokltaepe,_. , cashiers, aM accountants
Clulir.1 not eh.~re clas1d1ed
•uel'll]er, errand, and off,ce boys and 9irl1
Stel'OQrac,l\ers ard typists
2, I
0.1
O. I
0. 2
o.•
0. 2
9.~
0.1
16.9
0,2
0. 7
-
0.5
0.8
-
O.l
-
0. 7
2.5
0. 8
0. 7
0.9
0. 7
o. 7
1.4
1.4
).4
11 . 2
5.0
0.1
I.I
0.3
I,)
3.9
0. 6
2.9
2.1
0.5
o.•
7. 8
0.2
0,4
12 . 7
2.9
1.0
0.2
0. 2
0.8
0.4
I.I
O. I
2. 9
0. 9
0. 1
0.7
O.•
0. )
9,9
0. 5
0.1
0,1
0.1
1.6
1.9
0, 9
0,9
29.5
0,8
0.6
2.9
o. 7
1,5
o. 7
2.9
2. I
)4.0
Sl.4
o. 7
t.4
0, 4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0. 1
I.)
o. 7
1.2
0.8
5.0
0.1
1.4
2.1
0.8
0. 1
0.2
4. 2
1. 9
11.B
6. 0
•.I
2.9
2.9
19.2
3. 5
J7.0
8,6
0.1
).5
8.1
0.2
3.6
2.,
7, 4
0. 5
2. 2
).9
0.2
1.6
1). 6
3.5
0.2
3, 6
o. 7
4,0
4.4
2.8
0.2
0.5
5.4
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
hblo 13-UNEWPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE , UD SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL POPIJLlTION 1930 CLASSIFIED 8Y OCCUPATION,•
SCHENECTADY, NU YORK
OCCuPATION
Total .::,r\ers report Ing:
,._,
Percent
lgricul lure
Farniers (owners and tenants) and far'III 1N1nagers
Fam laborers
Fishing and forestryb
Extr11ction of nilneralsc
CENSUS
19,0
TOTAL
RELIEF 19}4
TOTAL
1.0
1.2
0.5
0.6
6'.9
0.3
1.7
2.1
1.8
32,1
)8,9
-
-
0.1
). 7
0.1
0.9
I.I
1.,
0.6
3.5
-
--
0. )
-
..
-
1.6
0.)
0.9
45.B
1.,
3,0
I.)
I.I
O. J
0.5
1.8
0.1
7,9
Managers and offic ials (iaanufacturirigJ and 1t1i111ufactul"9rs
Mechanics not otherwise specified
0.1
1.6
0.3
0.)
3,8
0.2
I. 7
Painters, glaziers. erwnelers. etc.
Paper h4n9er1
Plasterers and cenent finishers
PIUfllbers and Iii/JI Ind stea,1 fitters
Roofers and slaters
1.6
,.o
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.6
1.3
0.5
Iron and stNl, machinery, etc. industriesJ
i.tal Industries, except I ron and steel II.
L.eatht-r industries 1
L~r and furniture indu.stries•
Paper, printing, and al I i~ indus tries"
Text i 1e i ndustries0
Other raanufacturing and not soecified industrles9
Uborers
Building. general. 11nd not specified indus tr tts
ChMical 1.nd al I ied lndustrles 1
Clay, glass. and stone indust r ies9
Food and al I ied indus trles 1
Iron and steel. uchinery. etc. industrle5'
L'-fflber and furniture Industries•
Other manufacturing industriesq
Tra.n.sportat ion and cClffl'IJUnical ion
Water transportation 11.0.1
Longshoremen and stevedores
Sailors, df'C,kh11nds, ard boatmen
Road and street transportation 1e . o. J
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
Ora)'fflen and taarasters
Garage 1a.borers
Laborers for truck, transfer, and cab conrpanin. and hos tlers
Laborers, road and st reel
Railroad transportat ion u.o.
J
:n:~e::he~e~l .:r~sho~~~~~~ and stat ton agents
8ralte,aen lste. . ral 1~ ,
).2
3,2
1.•
Carpenters
Operatives
&,,I ldlng industry
Chetlical and allied industries'
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay. glass, and stone industrles9
Clothing industries"
Food and al I led industries 1
0,3
0,J
1.2
1.2
I. 7
1.5
0,3
Shoeffiakers and cobblers (not in factory)
Ski I led workers In prlntlngd
Skilled -.orlter1 not elsewhere clusi fied•
Structural Iron workers
Tai Iors and tailoreasn
TinSl'llths and coppers11iths
33
100.D
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.3
Furnacenoen. smel terw.en, heaters, and puddl ers
Mach i nists, •• I !wrights, toolmakers, and die setters
100.0
4,190
100.0
o.,
For~n and OYerseers l,.,nufacturlng)
F'Etil4LE
95
100.0
5,253
100 ,0
BlaclitSl"liths . for99"8n, and hllffll8r-en
8o i leffllOlcers
Brlci.. and stone masons ard tile layers
Bu i ld 1ng contractors
E1ectr,c: i1ns
Engineers (ststionary). cra,....n, etc.
Fi rem1m texcept loc090t Ive and fl re ~partJaenlJ
IMlE
41,697
100.0
Bakers
Dres9"lllkers, H . . tressM, and mil I int rs
I NEGRO AND OTHER
FEMALE
MAl[
58.2
0.2
Wanufacturing and mechanical Indus tr-Jes
••on
9)5
1.,
-
-
--
o.,
-
0,3
-
).1
-
-
--
-
-
-
4,6
0.2
2.1
-
---
-
,.8
0.1
o. 7
1.6
0.6
-
J.2
-
0.6
0,3
0.1
-
J.2
1.)
0.2
0.1
o.,
1.5
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
O.J
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.1
0,1
0.)
-
2.0
0.9
0.)
4.6
0.)
4,0
0.1
0,1
5.0
0.1
0.2
--
0,2
0.5
14.1
0.1
0,)
13.•
2.1
19.2
-
2.1
5. 7
I.I
10.5
---
-
.
0.2
0.8
1.2
.
o.,
O. J
.
..
),3
.
0.2
0.1
10.2
0.1
-
.. .-..- .-
o.,
o.,
-
-
--
-
-
-
0.1
-
-
-
-
7.4
--
--
-
1.6
0.1
0.1
5.0
1.6
1.4
1.8
J.2
, .2
0.1
5.1
0.3
7.4
5.8
9.4
11.0
I.I
26,3
.
-
-
0.1
2.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
, .6
0.1
0.2
0,1
2.1
0.1
0.1
n.t
~-!
~-~
..
-
0.1
5.5
0.1
0.1
.
2,3
Digitized by
-
-
--
-
--
-
--
---
-
--
-
J.2
--
5.3
--
-
-
-
-
10.,
-
-
--
--
-
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APPENDIX C
ra.i.
1)-U ■ lll,LOl'ED
IOUEIS De l[LIH . . .
u,,
CLASSIFIED •• DCCUPATIOO, RAC[. AID SEX, AID ALL
GAIIFUL 10 . . [15 10 G[l[Rll l'OPIJLATIOI 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATIO ■,•
SCH[ Jl(CT iOY,
I[ ■
YORK-Co11l I 11 ■ ed
a:cull'aT ION
TOT Al
Tra,11portat •Of'I .,-, cOll9JUf'l1cet ion lcor,t if'lu«II
. . ilroad transoortation 1•. 0.1 lcOl'lt•~J
Conductors \11•• ard 1trNt re,lroa:hj #Id but conducton
0.2
ror .... " 11'<1 <N•r~r•
0.1
L.-bor•r1
t.oc.Cl'IIOt;,,.
locoaol , ,,.
0.1
0.1
o.•
--'9;,..,.,
f1rtll'lefl
\loto,...,.
0. 2
S.1lc~. flaqi,aie,n, ard yu<Nn
0. 1
bprpu . oo•t. rld,o, t • I " ~ • .,., 1•1.-ir~ 11 . 0.
J
Ulpr1tu aq.nts, ••prn1 ,..n.,-,.,,. and rai , . ., 111e,i I cle,.lts
ilte1 I carri•r•
T•l•pl<ion• ,."1 1elerqr1pf', Ii,,,._...
T•l90r8')h ..,IW"9'1'rl
f•!"9r"pt, ~ ,ai:,,o operatol"W
•
0.1
0.1
0 .1
0.)
0.1
O.J
0.2
0 .1
•
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
0. 1
0.1
'""o«tor1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
LAIM•r•
,,opr,•tor1 aM ...,,-aer1"
0ttier oc.cupal •on,•
0.2
0.1
0. 2
Telal)hone oo.ratort
Other tran•c,ortat,on end cClfWIUnicat1on pursuits
Fo,...,.. ""1 overuier1
0.2
0.2
2.1
u.,
7. 0
6.•
o.•
0.,
0. )
0.1
0.8
0.9
0.1
1.0
0.1
0. 1
0.5
0.1
0.1
,._.,.,i1 i "'9 ,1Qt'"ll
C-rc ,al trav•lert
0.l i vt'r,-.ef'
F'loo,...lloert . tor....,. , .,..., ... ,pectors
lftturaftCe and , .. 1 Hlate ~ u . ~ . , . , . and ofttciah
......,,,.
Laborers. linclY(tH porter, 1n 1tornJ
Propr,.tort l••ce,t retail 6ealer1J 1
Atta• I deal art
S.lel'llef'I M'll ulH..,...,,
o. 5
o.,•
,.1
D.l
I,I
2.2
).5
0.)
2.5
,rofn1i0f'al Hrvice
II.I
).)
Aic1Mt llfld ~OMIII'"
0.1
0. 2
Other pursuits in tr11M 11
5.)
0.2
~lie Nrw•ee
Archi tee ts, 6etiQl"lert, drafttl'left, lf'ld i,-.,.tors
A1'111U, sculptor1, lt'ld tNCtiert of art
and
teacher• of 1111a,c
I.)
Tec:hf'lical eft9i,...rt
).)
Tra ffted "Urw,
Othef' profMt•on•t our,uita•
0.7
2.0
0.1
0.)
S. i profnt , on•I our1Uit1•
Alla,,ld•lt e,\d helper1
Hf"'V
8.9
ice
lllrNra, heirdrHMrt, #Id llllfticuri1U
brd i "O Md lod9i"9 hol.iH kNper1
8ootbleckt
c,.,,..,...,,.
lfld cleaner,
lleitatM tenders
~r•
rntaurant IINNrt end
HouNllee,ers arid ,t ... rdt
Janitors and Mdont
uborert
uu,ider-ert e,ld l,1Ul'ldrnM1 (l"IOt In lail'ldryJ
UUl'ld,,
and dry clean in; a.nert, -.negen. 8"ld aper.at ivH
Porter, te•cept In ttornJ
Prec:t lul nuran
$en,9fttl
Other pur•lt••
tts
0.2
o.,
o.,
o.,
I .)
2.0
0. 5
) .I
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
D.•
,.1
1.,•
0, 2
0.1
0.1
0.1
D.2
0.1
0. 5
0 .)
0.5
2.8
0. )
5,5
0.8
L3
.
9.8
2.1
9.1
0. 2
9.1
1.6
I.)
o.,
l0.6
0.7
0.1
5.)
0. 5
0. )
0.5
0.1
5.)
2.8
0 .2
o.,
o.,
Y.8
D.8
0.1
0. 1
0.)
0. 5
1.0
0.6
0.1
13.5
~
Boc,lili.~f'I, c11hier1, and eccountanll
Clerltt !'!Ol .,....._,.. class, fild
. _ . ~ , . errend, llt'ld off,c ■ 1>o,1 and 9irl1
..............,.
0.5
0.1
Clerlcal occuoetion1
ao,e....u . cotlecto,1, -"' crfldil
and typi
•
o.,
_,,.,..
Steri09r1pher1
1.0
o. 5
0.1
0.1
"°tel N
0.5
0.1
0.5
2.1
feec:hert
Oc,ant ic end oerlO"III
I.I
0.)
T..-
..,,ic •ens
5.)
0.8
0 .1
1.,
0.5
)6.•
1.6
0.2
6.,
21.0
).2
81.8
2.1
21.2
I.)
0.)
0.)
).1
2.1
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.8
9.1
2.5
1.1
19.)
7.)
o.8
0,1
J.•
).2
6. )
,.4
I!>.)
).2
0.6
).5
0.6
0.5
) .1
0.9
5.9
).2
D.J
1.6
0.1
51.5
9.1
0.2
2.,
1.,
o.•
3.1
8.5
9.1
,., ,
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORIBRS ON RELIEF
Toole 13-UNEWPLOYEO •ORl([RS ON RELIEF WAT 193• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, UO SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED 1Y OCCUPATIOII.'
SH( LTON, CONNECTICUT
RELIEF 1914
CENSUS
IQ)()
CICCU"ATIOI
TOTAl
MAU:
Total 11110ril.ers rl'POf"ting :
•.-r
Perc.ent
1
Agr,culture
Fa,...rs lo
r 1 and te~nuJ 91'0 f am Nnf18et'I
Fam laborers
Fish1r,g forestry~
t.Jttrtw:lion of 11lntralsc
3~
62
100.0
l
1
100.0
100.0
3.7
-
-
--
3.1
0.7
2.•
0.2
0.2
Bloc
0.5
-
2,6
..,0,2
Carpenters
Orus-akers, ,..,.tresses,
and
••II inen
(lac:trlcians
Eng1neer1 lstat1anary), e r ~ . etc.
F,,_n lexceot loc0110tive and fire dePlrt
o.s
0.5
ntl
0.7
'
-0.3
0.5
1,.5
•5.1
0.3
0.6
-3.1
0.9
2.8
0.3
S.l
-
-
0.6
0.6
0.8
--
For-.n and ower-...n ""°""fo<turlngl
Fumac.11111en, s-hemen, heaters, and puddlers
2.6
2. 7
1.6
luchinista, ~ 1 I l,.-righu, toollll6ker1, Md die aetters
M.naeers and offlclala {...,.,.,fac:turing) and Nnufactwrera
WechM1lc1 not other'IIIH spec lf 1K
•• 9
1.2
5.5
Painters, 91aziera, erw.lers, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterer-1 ana ceirent f1nllhers
Plumber& and gu and &tiNrnl fitters
Roofer, and 1laten
1.•
1.7
1.0
-
---
-
Sh~ers a.no coc:;blers (not In. fectory)
Skilled workers In prlnting 11
s,c1 lied workers not els~rw clanlfiedc
Struciural ,ron workers
Te,lors end ta1loresses
TinMilh.s and copOerMlths
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.9
1.8
OperativH
Building ind~try
Cheraical and al I lid IN:i ustrlts 1
Cigar and tobaeco factories'
Clay, glass, and stone industries
Clothing industries"
food and al I itd lr.dus trles'
Ir-on and steel, -chlnery, etc. lndintrleol
Mitta l industries, e.xcept 1 ron and steel 111
LHthlr 1ndl.tstrlaa 1
U,,Wlber and furn,tura 1nchntrlea•
Paper, print Ing, Md al I 1ad Industries"
Text, la -.noustr tu 0
Other aanufac.turlng and not spec.1Hect lnd..st riu'
laoorers
Bu 11ding, geNral, and not specified induslria
C"'- lcal and al I ieo lnduatr ies 1
Clliy, 9lu1, and stone lndustriea
Foocs ana allied lnctu1trios 1
Iron and stHI, NC.hlnery, e.tc. industrlul
Luaoer at.t furniture industri e.s9
Other NN.tfa:turlng lndus triu11
Tranaoortat ion and c,__,nlcat ion
Mater transportation 0.0. 1
Longshoremen and steveooru
Sei lor1, decli.hanc:lt, and botlnen
antEJt
FOU.LE
100.0
Belilers
Bui loi~ untractora
WALE
'19
0.2
iths , t o r ~ . and t,,,a,.,,wr,aen
8o 11 erftlillir.ers
Brick And stone •sons 6ncl l i le layef"'S
FDIALE
100.0
10.0
Yanufac turing and iaethln1cal ,ndu11.r i ea
•~o .uo
111tUTE
TOTAl
-
-
l,)
--
0.2
0.2
-
-
1.•
1.1
--
0.3
-
-
-
---
----
-
o.,
-0.8
-
2.0
1.1
5.5
5.•
5.5
).2
0.2
0.)
1.1
-
-
1.7
6 ••
-
-
--
--
-
--
-
------
--
--
-----
---
-
----
--
-
-
-
-
-
).6
2.0
0.3
• 2
9.8
11.2
1.6
-
--
-
-
-
--
---
-
-
------
-
-
--
1.0
-
21.)
-
1••
21.•
7,6
1.7
0.2
2.0
0.3
-
-
1.7
0.2
Roacs and street tr~aPOrtat ion u.0 . 1
Chauffeurs aro truck and tractor drl'lers
Oraynen ano ttMWIIIUrs
Garage laborers
laborers for truck, transfer, and cab conipen ln, andhast1ers
laborers, road and street
J.•
Jq;llroed transp,or-tat,on u.o. 1
llo911•-· freight agents, ticket .,,c, stat ion 99ents
Boiler
rt and engine hostlers
lrakeaen (st . . rai I road)
0.7
2.9
o. 7
-
-
-
--
,..
0.8
--
3.8
-
0 8
Digitized by
-
-
21.0
6.•
---
-
-
--
---
-
Google
-
APPENDIX C
l&blo 1)-UO[Wl't.OYED •Ol!•ERS O• RELIEF MAY 1934 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, 4"0 ALL
GAl•FUL ooR,ERS 1• GE•ERAL l'OPULAIIO• 1930 CUSSIFIEO BY OCCUPATION,•
SH[ LTON, CONN[CT ICUT ---Co11 r l n•d
'IELI EF
CE~US
19!0
CCC,P,AT 10.
TOTAL
tran1pol'ti1t
NEGRO AND OTHER
TOTAL
"""
Tr•nsoon•t•on and cc,,wun1c•l1c,,, (continued)
R•i lro.aa
.
,.
-.tlTE
f'E..,.LE
WALE
FOIALE
,on 1•.0.1 (c.o,,t ,roued)
:ond.u,;tcrs lst~.vii ,.,-J strnt ra1 lr0111::Js) """ous c.onductors
0.5
0,6
0.2
0.3
0.5
0,2
0.6
0.3
Lacorers
loc()'l'Wjt •vtt en.:;i,r.-.,..r1,
Lor crc.,1 •v• t ,r...-en
Uotorf"lefl
S.1tc,,,_n, f l ~ .
and 1ara,,en
[.11:ireu. po~t. raj10, teleph~,ancl teleqr,1pri l•.0.1
b1D<its!!o d,,ents, e■press r.w:lo:io<:r..,,er~. a..'\J rad•a1 11111,I clerks
~,I carriers
Tele'-"-''-t' afl::J teleqr~ph l1f'l,flrlll9ff
Telr.1i1r11,1r. •"'l!'~Yr>~r,,
fel~,r1ph ,a,\d r~io operators
Telept...,,_. operator~
Ot~r t,,.,,.,po,ut
•or" 4r,d
1.6
0.2
cOW1Un1ci1t1ori pi,,rs,,1111
F0renre11 ard ower1,nrs
ln:;.Pl!(tc.,rt
f'ri..lor,etors .\lv.t ,,... ,.,.,'Jers.'
Otl'ler c.ccuo,at I Ol'ls 1
1,..,.
0.5
0,6
5.0
3,9
1.5
1.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
2.2
0,2
0. 3
0.3
0.3
0.5
C.6
0.3
0.2
0.3
9.7
100.0
9. 7
100.0
IOY"rl IS!fl9 &,Jl!'l"IS
CCA"1rrc1i1I travelers
Del
1wery"1en
Fioor•al .. ers, forene", ano tn'lpectors
lr,~urancit 4fl(J rHI e:.t•te agerits. 11\af'IJifil:ers, and off1cialt
laoorers (,nclUOfl porters 1n stores!
~,-ticyS
Propr, etor" ft••cept reta, I deal f!t)) t
Reta, I "4Nler:.
S.let,.,,.n an-1 ,ales"'a"W"n
Ot~r purs"',ts ,n tr..-.M"
ll'rofeu1onal serv ,,e
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.5
1.6
Ac.tors •no sl't~n
Arch,lects, oe-s,"riert. draf111111eri, and ir,yentor,
Art,su, sculptors, •OfJ te«.h«rs of •rt
w..,,,c,.v,s
,llld
teachers of ._,,,,c
fe«r.ers
Tecnn1u.l enqineera •
Trained nura.es
0tht'r profe•uit':lftal p,wrsu,t, ...
So.nri,profess10t1al pur"-t1ts•
Allend.,,ls and helpers
1.6
0.2
Oo,o.e1t1c and per10f\lil seN,ct
• 0.2
0.3
7,2
2.3
3).9
100.0
&rtf!rs, hairdre"lsPrs, And &ttHCurt sts
Soaro,ng and lod~1~ house k~Pf!rS
8oott1lac11.s
Ch.11,_...,, a"'1 cluner1
[le',!&lor tendt'rs
Hotel ~ re)taurant keepers and •n.a~ers
Ho .. se•~p,or, and \te..,uos
Janito .. s and u•tons
0,2
1,6
0.2
1.6
1.&,.o,urers ano launareues (r,ot tn laundry!
Uiundr, and cir, cl•eninq a.rcrs, ,..,,.,_Qers, and OPo!r&tives
Porters le•cei;t ,n stores)
0,2
0.3
Pr~t 1cAI "'-'Ml
Servants
•A•ters
Otr,•r pursuits•
0,8
5.1
0.1
0.3
1.1
0.6
3.2
25.9
1.6
3.3
2.5
8.1
1.2
1.9
0.8
1.7
3.2
3,2
c1.,., .. ,
occup,1ti0fl!I,
Aq•r,t•. col \e('tor,, 11nd cr@G,t
IJIIP"
Bo,.,;1,,.,.,ep,er,. C4l"•ers, """ •ccountants
Clerks riot el,.,~here clu,'§1f11?'1
...,--;s,o,nqer, ernnd, 11nd oll,ce 1>ors Al'1d
Stenogra~r1 and t7p1)ls
100.0
~•rhi
0.2
1. 7
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
21J8
Table 13-UNEMPLOYEO WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 19)4 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, AND SEX, ANO ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
SHENANDOAH, PENNSYLVANIA
R&LIEf
,.,,,
CENSUS
OCCUPATION
TOTAL
Total 1110rkers reporting:
10TM.
.....
Number
l,Be6
Percent
100.0
1,641
100.0
0.3
o.,
Agriculture
,.,.
NEGAO MD OTHER
MtlTE
FE-E
MALE
219
100.0
6
100.0
Farmers (o«ners and tenants) and fam l'l'llnager1
F11 na I a borers
0.3
0.4
0.4
Ext rac lion of ffli neral ,c
68.S
77.5
Manufacturing and mechanical industries
u.,
Fishing and forestry•
Bakers
BhckSll!iths, forgemen, and hal'!l'lllmen
Boi lef"l'll8kers
Brick and stone i,asons and tile layers
o.,
0.5
0.3
10.R
0.5
0.3
o.,
o.,
I.I
0.2
0.3
0.8
o. 7
o.,
100.0
41.6
0.5
Building contractors
Carpenters
OresSffll!kers, H!ll111Stresses, and rni 11 iners
Electricians
Engineers (stationer)'), cranemen, etc.
Fireman (except locOffDtive and fire deaprtment)
1.2
0.1
0.1
0. I
0.1
0.3
0. I
0.8
0.8
Painters, glHiers, ena111elers, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and cemant finishers
Ph•nbers and gas and steam fitters
Roofe~ and slaters
1.2
0.1
0.2
0,5
1.4
0.1
0.2
0.5
Shoem!!lkers and cobblers !not in factory)
Skilled '#Orkers in prlntingcl
Skilled workers not else•here cJa55ified•
Structural iron workers
Tailors and tai loresses
Tinsmiths and coppers11iths
0.3
0.1
0.1
0,3
0.1
0.1
O. I
0.1
ForC!fllen an:j over?.eers (rnanufacturi ng)
Furl'llltemen, 111191 terrnen, heaters, and puddlers
Machinists, mill.rights, toolmakers, and die setters
Maregers and officials ln111nuh.cturingJ and 1111Snufacturers
Mechanics rcil ot~.er.-ise specified
Operatives
Building industry
Chenical and al I ied infostrinf
Cigar and tobacco factories
Clay, glass, and stone industrlesO
Clothing industriesh
Food and al I ied industries 1
Iron and steel, 111111chinery, etc. industritsJ
"'='tal industries, except iron and steel
Leather industries 1
L&111ber and furniture industries•
Paper, printing. and allied industriu"
Te.-.:tile industries 0
Other manufacturing and rot specified industriesP
Laborers
Building, general, and not specified industries
Chemical and allied il"dustriesf
Chty, gins, and stone ifdustriesGI
Food and allied irdustries 1
Iron and steel, 1n5chinery, etc. industriesi
Lumber and furniture industries•
Other ll'l!lnufa.cturing industriaq
Transporta t ion and co,mM.m i cat ion
•ter transportation ls,0.1
Longshoremen and slevedore5
Sailors, .::teckhands, and boat•n
1.8
1.0
0.9
o.c
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.2
O. I
10.0
J.O
o.,
0.1
0.3
25.0
0.9
0.2
0,2
0.1
0.1
O.l
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
'· 7
5.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
o.c
0.1
0. I
1.4
o.s
Road and street transpgrtat ion I s.o. J
Chauffeurs n.nd truck an::I tractor drivers
Draymen and teams le rs
C-,rage laborers
Laborers for truck, transfer.and cab companies, and hostlers
laborers. road and street
Ra.i I road tr!lnsportat ion u.o. J
Baggaigemen, freight agents. ticket and station agents
Boiler washers and engine hostlers
Brakemen lstNIII rail road)
2.2
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FOUL[
APPENDIX C
Te~lo 1)-Ul[MPlOHO 'lfOO,CIS 01 l!ll£' IIU 19)• CUSSIFIEO 9Y OCCUPUIOI, RAC[, Alt> S[l, ANO All
CAIIFUl •o••r•s II cr•c•u POPUlHIOI 19)0 ClASS I FIED SY OCCUPATION, 1
SH[UJID OAH .
P[IISTLV,U 14-COU IIIHd
REl l[F
,.,.
CIW,US
OCCLlll'ATIOII
TOTAL
TOT"-
_.._r
....
IIEGRO AND OTHER
•IT[
F9'At.E
_.._,
F9UIL.E
Trena,ortat ion end c01111J111n1c.•t ion (cont ,n..-11
b,J,c.3 ?ransportit,on 1•.0.1 lcont i r!r.,ed)
Co...,...c:tors lite.., ,rd 1trHl ra1 I ro•c:h) and
&,,,a c~uctor1
0.1
0.5
0.9
0.1
LocOl"IOt ,we .,..,l"'-"'
Loc~t,.,. f1, .... ,.
0.1
o.7
1.0
0.1
lllblO,._.I'\
S., t,...,.n. flarit"', tfd t•nilaen
C•prns , po1l . raj,o, telepho,,e , tnd tel~ raph •• · •· I
[~,~• t .t-e"ll, ••'°"rn, .-nHnger1, eno ra, 1.., 11ia1I
IMil carr , er,
Tel t"PhoM and tt-1 eqraph I , ~
0.1
0. 1
0.1
O. I
clerlta
Te l e-irao>- ,..,u~ers
Tele~r,.ph and rad,o ope,rator1
Tel es,h01"4 oprrator1
Other tranaport<1t ,on and ca.un1c.al ion purtui ti
ro,.,.n ard Ch'en""'
lt11oectors
LA bore rt
Propr,P.tof"I and ._,...ge,s."
Ot~r
,,_
OCC~li0tlt 1
O.J
0.2
0.1
0.1
•.5
2. 7
18. J
Adv,ert i 1,"Q •~nts
eoi-rc ial tra .. elera
0.1 ,..,., ,.,..,,
f'loor•lker1, for~n . 1nd i~~ctor"
l~r•nc.• aid rul HUte •..-nu, 11a~r1. 1nd 0ff,cial1
l1bor•rs li"Clwdn port•rs i" stornl
0. I
0. 5
0. 1
0.1
0. 1
o.,
0.5
0. 1
0. )
0. 5
O. I
0.2
J.O
0. I
0.1
0.2
1.2
0.1
111.C>l lc .. rvice
o.,
o.•
P"rof.,.1,oral aerv,c•
0.5
0. )
0.1
0.1
0.1
~boys
fl'ropr1etors le.::"t r•tail ~aler,1 1
1Nlera
s.1..,.." and uln ....n
Ot,_r Sk<lr&u i U i" trade"'
..,,ii
.Actors M i d ~
.t.rct<i,tect,. de'!.19ne,.,, drafl.,..n, and i ,.,entora
.lrti1t1 , 1culptor1., and lNcher1 of art
"'1 ic t1f'l1 and tefK'.her1 of 111Usic
,......
,.
17.)
n.5
2. 7
0.9
Tech,i iul ...-.; 1neer1
Tra iMd nur1e1
0t• orof•H•onal ,._.,1u1t1"
S.-•orofn••ot'lilll purswt11•
ltteftdll'lll and hel pera
0.::.-.tlc ..... Nr&ONI Nrwlce
larNra. hainSreuers,
-,Id
•nicwr,1t1
0.1
0.1
I.J
0.1
0.1
0, I
0,5
5.2
0.)
1. 2
O.l
)5 ,8
0.9
brding &NI loc,g,~ houH keepera
lootbl acll.1
1..,.,.
Char...,.. and c
El ewator tenders
N1,tel aftd restaurant k•~r• aftd .. natjerl
M o ~ " 1nd ,t... rds
Janjtora 1nd N ■ ton1
La110r1t1
LaUl'ldit,_t'I a,ld lawndrHMI (t'IOt In laundr,)
LAl.tfldr1 aftd dr1 cleaning o.ners, ..,.,.,.,, and o,tr1t ivH
~rt.era (hceot in 1tornJ
fllract lc.al nuran
Serva11t1
..1,.,.
0.2
0,2
0.1
0. 1
0,2
0.)
0.1
0. 1
0.9
2.)
o.,
0.1
2. 7
0.2
).0
0.5
0.1
0. I
0.2
0.9
25.2
2. 1
I.I
0.1
1.0
0.1
0. 5
1. 8
Other pvnwtl ..
Clerical occ.w•t io,.
...,,... collectors , Wld crlld i t ...,
lookll•oe,., cash i•,-, and accountent1
O•riat t'IOt elt•here clu1if1.:I
... ..,..,, errand, and office bar• and 9 irl1
$tet"109raphera afld typ, It•
,., ,....,.... ,. •i.
o.,
o.•
0.2
o.•
0.5
I.)
III066 0-17--18
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
2!50
Tobi• I3-UN[~PLOYEO •ORktRS ON RELIEF MAY I9J• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, UO All
GAi NFUL •ORKERS IN GENERAL PO PU LAT I ON 1930 CLASS IF I EO BY OCCUPATION,•
SIOUX CITY, IOU
CEHSUS
,.,o
OCCUPATION
Toul
d1ers report, ng;
Agriculture
Fa~rs lo,,,mcrs a,,d tenantsl
F'arit1 laborers
nd fu'Y!I ~n•ierS
TOTAL
32,708
100.0
951
760
169
16
G
100.0
loo.o
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.2
12.5
1.2
12.5
13.0
56.2
2.2
18.9
23.1
0.9
6,3
7.9
1.3
12.6
15.2
0. 5
0. 7
F1sh1n9 snd forestryb
E.xtract10,, of ..,ineMl,c
30.0
M.ln1,1facturin~ and ~hanical industries
o.,
~1kers
Black;h, ths. forqefflen, al'd hS"""e~
l'loi lemalcers
Brick and stone ,.nons and ti le h,,ers
&, laing contractors
0.3
0.2
Carpenters
2.0
o.,
0.1
0.2
0.3
33. 7
37.9
0.5
o.,
0.2
0. 7
0.5
0.3
0.7
0,9
0.5
2.9
). •
[lec.tri .:ians
Engineers lst,tionary). cr111ntrfte'I, etc.
F'ir~ lexct-ot locO'IOUve and fire aepartmentJ
0.7
o.,
0.5
o.,
0.2
0,G
F"orer,cn and OYerseers (manufactunno)
0.8
0.1
0. 1
0.7
0.9
Dres~k.ers, se.lW'n!tresses, And i,ii 11 ,ners
F'umacemen, 9'Y'..e1 temen, hHters, Md puddlers
Machinists, mill.,rights, tool"'51icers, anel die setters
Managers N'ld officials {lft4l'lufacturlngl and .. "lf'l.lfacturer-s
Mechan,cs not other..ise speci (ied
Painters, gl..uu,r,. en~lers, etc.
P11per hanger,
Plasterers ~nd ceraent fin, shers
PIU'tlbers ~nd 9as 11nd 5t!Nl9 fi ller1
Roofers and slaters
0.5
...
1.,
I.B
.
1.5
0.2
0.6
0.1
ShoeMkers and cobblers !not 1n factory!
Skilled '11Cd1ers in printincl'
Skillltd workers not elae-here c lasaif l ~
Structurc,l i rOf'I worl..ers
hi lors and tal loresses
Ti n5"1i lhs Md coooers,ni ths
Ooerat Ives
Bui I ding industry
Che-.ical and ~I I ied industries'
Cigar and tobacco factories
Cla,y, gins, and stOf\e lndustrles9
Clothing industries"
F'ood and allied +ndustries 1
Iron and steel, !Mt~lnery, etc. industriesJ
Weta! industries, exceot Ire,,, Md Slee!•
Leather industries 1
Lumber and furniture •ndustries'II
Poper, printinq, ano all led industries"
Text• le industrlesO
Other "'5nufacturing and not specified industrle~
Building, general, and not specified industries
Ole,1iul Md allied industries'
F'ood and all led industrles 1
Iron !Ind stul, ~chinery, etc. lndustriesJ
l.u!Tlber and fumi ture industries•
Other 1Nnufacturin9 lndi.lstrJesQ
Transportation and C01'1111Jnication
1.8
'·
o.,7
I.I
0.2
0.2
2.1
5.8
0.5
1.2
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.J
0.3
o.,
0,3
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.5
0. 1
0.J
0.J
0.1
0.2
0.1
0,3
0.1
0.5
6 .2
6.2
O.G
O.?
0.3
2.J
0.3
5.8
5.1
6.•
0.6
I.I
1.2
0.6
0.)
0.2
0,3
0.3
0.1
0.1
1.0
0,7
0. 7
0.6
3.5
0.2
5.,
6.7
0.6
0.3
I. 7
0.1
o.,
10.2
IG.•
19.5
2.0
6,3
1.5
7.G
I.B
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0. 1
0.1
0.1
6,2
0.5
0.8
0. 7
0.6
2.,
0. 7
0.2
l ,B
25.1
o.,
0.1
Ulborers
Ch,. glass, Md stone industries?
HE;M> AND OTHER
lltU TE
1------1-----Iii.ALE FE.'AAlE
FEMM.E
MALE
TOTAL
o.,
5.0
0.3
12,5
I. 7
0.1
0.3
3.6
12.S
Water transporution 1 s.0.1
~~f~:~~~:~:~ev~o~tmen
Ro'ld Md street tra.isportation ls.o. I
Cha,Heurs and truck and tractor drivers
Ora)"'len and t&M!Sters
Carage I borers
l.Aborers for truck, trans fer, 11nd cab cO"\pani es, and host 1ers
laborers. road and st reel
o.,
o.,
2.•
6.2
2.9
Ral 1roed transportMlon , •• o. I
::n:~":'1She~e~~l~~!\o~~1~~
Braken&n bte.wn rai 1 road)
and stat1a, agents
0.1
0, I
0,3
0.8
1.0
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251
APPENDIX C
ro1o n-u•c••1ovro •o••c•s o• •c1ocr wn u,, n•ss,r,co 8Y occcPu10•. ••cc. uo sex. uo ALL
(,All1f'tl w01l[R5 IN C[,-[Rll POPl!LATIO .. 19)0 ClASSIF'l(O BY OCCUPlflON.•
Sl)IJl CITY,
10•1-coac1,111•d
REL I ( f 1951
,.,.
C91'9JS
OCC.U•ATICllt
,~r1,,.,1,o"
lr'lrtinue-ol
lif1,lrn41 l'4"'1H'rt4t•Ot" 11 . 0.1
lcont,....,M)
Tr,1r11onrt•t,on Yid
r o,_,..,
"1\d
overtHr1.
lec,,rf!'rS
L.nc(l"W)t•vt' ef\~lt\Hrl
l.oc(llf!Ollf't'
TOTM.
TOTA&.
0.6
0.l
0.J
0.1
1.0
0. 9
I.I
I.I
0,5
0.1
o.,
f,r....,
tilotor--e,t
s., ,,....... flaw-en.
0.1
0.6
-'4 ,.,..,....
po,t , "khO, tf'lf'O',o" • · ~ t•'f"9'"•P" 1 1.0.,
[rore-u •~.,,11 , ••ore-11
at'IO re,1 ..)' .,.,1 clitrtia
(rorit1t .
,.u~•"•
...,ii
~
o.,
0.5
0. 3
0. 5
0.2
o.,
0 ,3
o.,
Tctlpq,,.ot. #'4 r1d , o Dt"tt t or1
o.,
' • 1PVOl'f' 0Hf'l1orl
0.5
0.5
'"10.-crort
0. 1
0. 1
0 .1
0 ,2
leboritn.
o.,
0.1
0. 5
0.1
0. 1
0.5
0 .1
0.1
11.,
O.l
10.,
10. ,
1.,
0.6
0.8
o.,
1.4
o.,
1.7
0.1
1.8
0.1
0.2
o.,
0.l
WEGf'Q .tiND OTMEA
0.6
o.,
o.,
carr,11er,
Tit l ~Of'le .,.o u,l~r•lfl 1. ,..,._..,
fe l.._,.,p,- ~'U..,.· l f''lo
0.1
I TE
o.~
0.3
,.o
Ot"it' tr111n'IO-,rt11t,Ot1 •no c01a1n 1cet i on pwrtuill
for....- 11\d ovrrs.er1
Proc: r,t'tor,
°'"'•'
M'ld
1'Ma9•r1'
0CtuP"l11Mll
1
lidvitrt,s,ng aq...,,.t,
COll"lerc, .. I lniw•l•rs
0.1
,.,.,..,,..,-i
F'loorMl k@r1, for....-i, end ,nsoector,
lnwrance and rMI nt•t• ,llf.,.lt, ~•9•r1. Ind off1ci1l1
l.Mor_.r, l1rcludct1 porters in ttorH)
llew'lbor1
,roor1•tor1 1... c,1,t ,,u,I oealeraJ 1
A'•t,1, l de•ler1
\4ltt...., and wleMO'l'-....01~., pur1U i u "' tred ..
o.,
1.5
o.,
I.~
0.1
1,8
0.1
0.1
1. 5
'·'
0.)
I.I
10.5
0.2
0.9
).5
10. 7
I.I
2.1
1. I
0.5
1.5
1.1
U
ftuol ic wrvice
1.0
0.5
0.1
•roft111on1I Nrvice
9.0
0.2
0. I
0. 1
0. 5
I. 7
0.1
0.1
0.1
Ac:tor1 ~ 'lh011111ie,1
Arctiite<U, 6-s i gne,s , drar1,.., , lftd inventors
An,1t1 , 1eulotor1, #10:, t•ac.tiera of 1rt
._,,1 ci an1 .-s t•.chtrs of -.is•c
TMchtrt
Technical ~•nNrt
Tr11nfid ,--.ir1e1
Ot l'!. tr profeHion1I ou r 1u i u"
S..1prof1ss1onel pursu i u•
Au.-.1a Md htlp,t,s
~ t i c : 111d Hrtor'-al wr... ,r.1
llrber1, t11i raress.trs. Ind
brd•"9
~
looqin~
f,~1,1
..,, icuri UI
1.6
o. 7
o.,
I. 7
1.,
0.1
0.1
0.7
0 .6
0. J
o.,
0.1
II.I
1.3
1,.1
o.~
k. . .,,
9ootttlac._,
Ctiar--.n oWld c J,.,.,,
(le,,•tor tenders
o.,
0.1
and --'l9er1
o.•
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.6
Laborers
I.I
0.)
la,notr1r1 ~ llundrHNS (rc,t In IM!dr,,
0. 1
o.,
0.9
0 .1
0.1
0.8
0.7
0.5
tori and Nxtons
.,....r,,
IAuf'ldrr Wld dry clNf'i"'9
Pt>rt1r1 (ellCf'Ot in ttoresl
,rKt •CII r•HMI
aene,ers. and 0Nr1tivn
,.2
S.rv.-,\1
-•ters
ov,.,
16. 7
,.1
6. 3
2. 9
6. J
16.7
0.6
0.1
0. 3
0.1
16. 7
0.6
,.1
o.,
57.)
o.,
0.6
0.6
12.5
66.6
0.1
0.1
Hotel ~ '"'"'rant kHotr1
H~NIINo,trt erld ,1_.rd1
J¥1
16.7
1. 5
ou,.,iu•
o.,
Cleriul oceu...-1,on1
A,enu. col lact0r1, Md crtd, t ...,.
12. 1
0.8
,.
lookllNP,er1, ut11,er1, tl'ld ,ICC~ntents
Cl•rti• not alH'lltiere cl111, f,ed
Yn,,.,qer, errand, ane1 off,c• boJ•
Sttrqr1Dh•r1 and l1P• 111
~
girls
5.1
0. 1
2.6
1.2
0.1
0.6
o.,
,.s
,.o
I.A
8.3
1.,
1.8
0. 5
'.!6. 0
10. 0
3. 7
1.,
0.1
o.,
ID. I
0.1
I.I
1.9
0.1
o.~
1.8
0.1
18.6
12.5
50.0
,.1
).0
,.o
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URBAN WORIIRS ON RELIEF
hble Ir-UNEMPLOYED WORKERS o• RELIEF MAY 19)' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, UD SEX, AIIO ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL l'OPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION.•
SIOUX FALLS, SOUTH DAKOTA
RRIEf 1914
Total
.grl,1ers
reporting:
...... ,
Ptrcent
Agriculture
Fa,..rs
lo-ners aA:t tenantsl ard fana 1111,negers
Fam laborers
.,,n
CENSUS
19l0
TOTN..
lOTAI.
1•.192
100.0
F&tM.E
1,696
100.0
1.308
100.0
)51
100.0
1.1
16.6
21.)
0.6
0.5
8.9
11.5
1.2
1.1
9.8
0.5
o.,
Fishing and forestry•
(JClraction of ,. i rw,ralsc
Ml!.nufacturiog and ,.,hanical il'dustriH
0.1
41.4
19.1
1.0
0.)
0.2
Bo i letl'lllkers
Br I ck and stone IN.Ions and ti I e 1ayers
Bulldiny contrACtors
0.)
I.)
0.6
0.5
o. 7
5.1
2.1
6.5
o.,
C..rpenters
1.9
0.5
D. 7
0.5
Fi,._n fe.-cept IOC0110tive and fire deput:Mntl
Foreiaen and overseers l•nufactur,ng)
1.1
0.)
o.a
0.2
0.2
Furnac9'1M, ~I te.-.en. heaters, and puddle rs
Machinists, •ii 1-.righta, toolnekers, and die seller1
Ma,-gers and officials l nufacturi~J and •nufacturer1
o.,
0.5
0. 7
0.1
0.1
Mechanics not othe,...ise specified
2.0
).J
J.8
Painters, gluiera. et\llllltlers, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and cenent finishers
Plunibers and ~ and steMI fl tters
Abofers and slaters
I.)
).6
•.5
Operatives
Bui Iding industry
Chenical and al Ii~ inchatries'
Cigar and tob9cco factories
Clay, glass, and stone lndustrie,9
Clothing industries"
Food and allied indiatries 1
Iron and steel, t1Khinery, etc. ltdustriesJ
Wetal industries, except iron and steel It.
leather industrles 1
unber and fumi lure industries•
Pw>er. print i ng, and allied industries"
fut i le industrias0
Other -.-.,facturing end not spec, fied •n:S~triesP
La.borers
Building, g.-ieral. and not specified Industries
C~ical and al 1 ied industr,es'
Clay, glass, and stone industries9
Food and allied induatrles 1
Iron and ateol. machinery, etc. ,ndustriesJ
l\Aber and furn I lure industries•
Other "'1nuf.lcturing irdustrid-Sq
Transportation and cornun,cation
W,Uer trans.portation fa.a.,
longshore.n -,kl stevedores
Sa i1ors, deckhands, ncl boat1111en
Road and street transportation ILo.1
ChauHeur-s and true.le and tractor- drivers
Ora)'flen and teantSters
G.arage labor-ers
LAborer-1 for trucli., tr-ansfer, and CAb ccnpanin, and hostlers
Laborers, rOild and stre.t
Railroad transporl1.t1on ta.o.l
Baggageaen, freil}ht agents, ticket end sU.tion agents
fbi 1er- ..shers ard engine hostlers
Brakeaen {Ile
r•llr-oad)
0.8
1.,
0.)
0.5
o.~
0.1
0. 2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0. 6
0.6
0.'
0.1
0.5
0.5
0. 1
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.)
0.3
0.2
.
0. 2
'·'
0.3
..
e.o
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
5.5
5.0
0.5
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.9
I.I
2.8
).8
•.6
0.3
0.1
0.1
D.I
0.2
0.9
0.2
0.2
8.0
O.J
o. 2
0.1
D.)
5.1
0.)
1.8
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
8.)
8,)
9. 7
0.5
0.8
0.5
.
40.0
0.1
1.7
o.,
1.5
100.0
,.o
0.5
0.1
0ressnelters, seanastresses, a~ a, I I inert
(lectricians
Eng i neers (stationary!, crancnen, etc.
12
100.0
,.o
0.6
)6.5
0.R
RI acksnii ths. f orgenen, and ha,w,.erwien
f=BW.E
25
,.o
29.6
0.6
MM.£
D.6
o.,
Balir.ers
Shoeukers and cobblers lnot In factoryl
Sidi led .arkers In prlntingd
Skilled #OrMers not els~re classified•
Structural Iron -od1er1
Tailors and talloressea
TiRS111iths and copper9"111 ths
NEGAD MIO OTHER
WAI.E
1.1.1,
,.o
8.0
I.I
0.1
o.,
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
7. 7
u.,
18,0
0.1
0.2
2.,
o.,
6.6
1.,
8.•
1.9
0. 2
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.1
2.2
2.8
0.1
0.2
0.1
0 .1
0.)
Digitized by
8.0
,.o
l. 7
12.0
,.o
8.0
0.2
0.2
o.,
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253
APPENDIX C
, •• 1. 11-u•E•PI.OHO •o••E•s O• OELIE' WAY 193• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION. RACE. ANO SEX. AND ALL
GAINFUL •o••E•s IN GENERAL POPULATION 19)0 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
SIOUX. F"4LLS, SOUTH
O,U,OU-C0Ul11 ■ •d
Mll EF 19}_.
cosus
'°'"llallt"Old U--•rwpori.uon 1t.o.1 (COf\l1"1edl
C.ondYClor1 (1t._ and atrNl r•i1rOildaJ and bua corduc.tors
fo,...,.. •lid c.werseera
Llborer•
1..
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.3
L.ocoaoti•• eng1neer1
LOCO"Ol
f I' - "
0.1
lloto,-n
S•i lChae", 0 liJ1!9"1, 1M 11ro.n
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0. 2
0.2
o.e
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
poll, radio, tel1P~. and tale,raph ... o,t
bp,u,a Ml•"ts, •~r•a 111euengers, and rail
1 NII clerks
Mllil urriers
Teleip~ and tel~raoh I ,nae,i
Tel91raph aes1engert
feltigr pt! ,,_, radio 00trators
feleptlone operators
Ot.,_,
NEGRO ANO OTHER
TOTAi
nd COff'l'IUtl1at1on lcon\lt\led)
J,.,_portallon
c,.,•.,.,
'IIIHITE
19'0
0CCWA1'10-
t,.,.por
for__,. nd
lion Aid
coiMul'IIC-lliOfl
0.1
0.)
0.2
D. l
0. I
0.9
0.2
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.1
o••
0.2
0.2
0.)
O.)
0.)
1.•
pur'lwhs
OWf"Hert
lna,ptetOt'I
Labo,.,.
,.,.o,,r11tor1 a1'd ,.,.;ie,...r
Other occupat lo,w 1
0.5
0.1
r,_
27.6
0.2
).0
0.6
Adver1111n; •~U
c:....rc,al travelers
Del Iver,..,
F'"loo
hers, to,... n, and iNPKtors
IMuranc.e and rul nt•t• agents, -.nagerl,
and offlc.lala
Laborer, (lnclwct. portera ln atorHJ
boJt
Proorluon (tlKIPl retail dHleraJt
•t•l1 ••,.,.
S.le ...11 and &ales
"
Ot._r pursuit, In trade"
o.•
0.•
0.1
0.)
0.2
0.5
9.6
9.2
0.8
I.I
0.1
0.2
0.1
0. 7
o.e
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.)
0.9
0.6
0.8
1.•
0.•
•. I
9.5
0.)
0.•
2.2
0.8
5.)
o. 7
0.5
1.0
).8
0.8
8.0
e.•
0.)
10.5
0.)
•.0
•• o
Public wn,Jce
•.)
I. 7
2.2
2.2
Profe••onal Hrv•c•
9.•
1.9
0.1
1.2
•.8
8.)
0.6
2.8
8.)
Ac.ton Md,._...,,
Ardtitecl1, de1i9,.,.., draft....-., and 1,...e,1ton
Arthu. aculptor , and tMC.her1 or an
Mia1c,e11a and tud'li9rt ot -..le
Tuchln
Technlc;:.al 1"9lneers
fra1ntd nun11
Other proft111ona l purav1t1•
S lprofeulone.l pvrsviu•
Altefdanta Mid Nlpen
0.2
,-1 rdr1uera,
~•-ra
floo1blo<k1
Ctw,r..,..n a.nd cl_,,.,.
C11.a1or landers
Llvndry and dry c1
ni ng
o.wnen, ..
Porters luupt In 11or11J
Prectlc;:,11 t'l!Jr'I-II
Str,,•nt1
.,..91,.,
Other civrswi ts•
Cltrlcal occ"'"tlona
4;ent1. co11ecto.,, and en.di t
Nn
Aooll."- pen, cu.,1,rt, •nd •ccovnt.anll
Cltr~, riot cl,...... ,. clauifltd
Me•t~r. erraM, and office boy1 ard 9irl1
Jer ,.,.,,..,., -
o••
0.1
0.1
0.2
0. 7
0.2
1.5
0.2
0.)
,.1
1.•
0.1
...,,.,,
S1111D9niphen and typlttl
).I
I.)
0.5
0.1
0.5
1.0
0.1
0.1
ard <!~•rat 1,11
0.1
1'.0
0.6
1Abof'-1rs
Lau,-serera and 1 ul'dr111.. (not In laundry)
0.2
0.1
o. 7
O.•
0.2
Hotel end rt:I UI uranl k1eper1 Wld ..nagera
~M
t'I Mid ll •rdl
JM\I ton and MJtloAI
0.2
12.0
I.)
2.9
and . .nlcur11ll
lloo rd Ing Ind Iod9 "'9 - •
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.)
0.1
0.2
0. 7
~Ille and peraon.l 11rYlct
8r1rtJer1,
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.5
2.9
12.5
0.9
).9
•.0
0.1
J.6
I.I
0.)
0.1
0.2
I.I
0.)
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.1
7.0
1.•
..
0.1
)2. 0
8. 0
66. 7
8.)
,.o
). •
0,1
0.1
0.2
1.0
51.)
0.)
0.6
0.2
0.1
0. 2
0.8
0.1
0.•
0.)
0.8
0.1
0.9
0.9
0.9
..
16. 7
1. •
..
)
R.O
)
28 ••
12. 0
)).•
5.9
8.)
11.•
8. )
)
2.•
0,f
o. 7
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0. )
1.•
1.6
2.0
0.6
2.0
0.2
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
hbl e 13-UNEM,LOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 193• CLASS I Fl £0 BY occu,ATI ON, RAtf, ANO SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
WASHINGTON, O.C.
RQIEF IIJ4
OCClll'ATION
Tot1l 1110rii:er1 reportino:
Agr i cu 1ture
·-·
Percent
faffltrs !owners and tenants) and hna •nagers
Far'!II laborers
CBISIS
19,0
ll)TM.
TOTAi.
2•3.853
23,5'1
•.305
100.0
100.0
100.0
I. C07 10,080
100.0 100.0
·-·
1.3
0.1
0.1
1.2
1.0
0.2
0.8
2.•
0.2
2.2
0.3
WMI TE
YAt.E
o.,
o.,
F91ALE
MALE
Fishing and forHtry'
0.2
o.,
0.3
Extraction of 1t1ine,.JsC
o.•
0.5
0.8
19.3
36.3
Bakers
o.,
Bl ac:k•i ths, for9911en, and ha,ner,a,en
Boilef'111akers
Brick and stooe lfllson1 N'ld tile layers
Building contrite tor•
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
1.7
0.1
llanuf•cturing and ll!Khanical industries
0.3
1.•
66.2
0.5
23.•
,11!.C
0.3
0.3
0.3
5.5
0.2
1.6
0.1
2.1
1.6
9.7
O.B
o.s
o.,
o.c
o.,
o.,
2.0
I.I
0.1
0.2
0.7
Forlll8tl and overseers (Nnufacturing)
f'urnece,,en, "'91temen, huters, and ouddlers
llaehlnists, nii ll•righu, tooli•kers. and die setters
Yanegers and officials lunufecturing) and IMl"lufacturers
0.2
0.1
0.3
1.0
0. 7
0.2
0.1
0.8
Mectianics not ott-ierwi1e specified
1.3
1.2
3.1
1.3
Painters, 9luiers. ena,ielers. etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterers and Ct!l'Mtnt flni 9hera
Pl Ufllbers and gas and 1teaw fitters
Roofers 11nd sl sters
1.1
2.7
0.2
2.2
1.2
11.0
0.5
I. 7
1.5
0.2
0.2
o.•
0. I
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.8
0.7
2.6
0.2
1.8
0.3
CarDenter&
Ores!WNkers. seMstresHS, 111nd 111i 11 iners
Electricians
£n9i~r5 lstUionar-yJ. cr!Y'le--en, etc.
Fi,..,..,, (e,rcept 1ocOMOti ve and fire department)
Shotnakers and cobblers (not in factory)
Skilled workers in orlntlngd
Sir.ii led workers not elsewtiere classified•
Structural iron aorkers
Tailors ,.nd tai lornses
Ti n1111i ths and copper9r11i ths
0.6
0.6
•
0.2
o.•
0.7
•
0.2
o.c
0.2
.
o.,
o.••
Operatives
&.iildinc;a industry
Ch .. ical and al 1 ied industries'
Cigar and toN.cco factories
Clay, glass, and stone industriesO
Clothir19 industries"
Food and al I ied industries 1
lfon and steel, -chiner,,, etc. industriesl
Metal industries. except Iron and steelk
LNther industries 1
lunlber and furniture industries,.
Peper, printing, and allied industries"
Textile industries0
Other rnanufacturi"9 and not 5peci filld industrle,P
laborers
Building, general. ana not specified Industries
Chenical and al I ied industries'
Clay. glass. and stone industries'
Food and 111 ied industries 1
Iron and stnl, 11111ehinery. etc. industries!
LUl'llber 11nd furniture industrie.Other lflanufacturi ng lndustriesq
Transportation and t011111Unication
Water transportation 1 ,. o. 1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
o.•
o. 7
o.,
o.•
0.2
O.c
7, 7C9
100.0
o.,
6.1
3.2
0.3
o.s
0. l
0.1
0.2
0.3
o.,
3.•
0.6
c. I
5.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
o. 7
0.2
0.5
0.1
o.s
0.1
3.5
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.3
0.5
0.2
1.5
0.3
o. 7
0.1
0.1
0.1
o.,
I.I
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
2.5
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.9
0.1
0.5
o.,
1.0
0.5
0.9
0.1
c.o
)0.6
1 ••
•
D. I
.
o.c•
15.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
7.6
10.9
2.5
0. I
0.1
0.1
0.1
Longlhor..., and stevedores
0.2
o.•
0.1
0.2
o••
1.0
0.1
0.1
10.7
0.1
•
Sailors, deckhands, and boatmen
~ad and street ti-ansportation I s.o.J
Chauffeurs and tnrcli. and tractor drivers
Dra,-en and teinsters
Garage I11t,orers
laborers for truck, transfer, and cab ci:,t1panies, and hostlers
Laborers. roa:t and strNt
2.9
5.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.2
Railroad transportation fs.o.f
Bet9agenen, freight awenu, ticket and station agents
Boiler •ati•rw and engine hoatler1
lraktnln (st ... rallrmd)
0.1
.•
0.3
0.1
5.•
0.3
10.2
0.5
0.6
1.5
6.9
•
0.1
20.7
0.1
0.2
3.2
1.5
o.,
0.1
o.,
Digitized by
0.1
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25!5
APPINDII C
hbl• 1)-Ul(IIPl0Y[0 •Olt•ERS 01 R[L l (f IIU 19)• CUSSlfl[0 BY OCCUPATI0I, RAC[, U0 5[1, U0 All
GA!lfUL IJOltl[R5 II ,11!Ul POPUUTI0I 19)0 CU551flE0 8 Y OCCUPATI0I,•
l&Sl'tlllCfOM .
o. c . -coutauc:I
a...,.
,.,.,
TOUL
,.,....
11£Ll9' 1e,,
Tr •MC>Of"at , .,,, 111"d c~ n ica,,ori tr-,nt,,.""'°J
Re ,lr()edl ''"'l""'g,,,r'lt • l)f'I lt . D. I
Cn"1urtM• 1,1.___. ,r'd ,1,-.t
(rl)l"lf i "v«S)
,, 11 ,-.,....,,J .,.,
bu,
cON:luctors
0.)
0. 1
o.,
loc!'P'IOt•wf>tor<q•~t
loc..,,,wtt •w•
0. 1
f,,...,n
0. )
1110',Y•n
0. 2
0. 6
0.1
0.1
0. 1
5-- i l c ~ . fl-r-n, and y11r~"
0.1
0.)
0.1
0 .)
0.1
0 .1
0.)
0.1
1.2
[ wp,.H , poll, rad io , t e> l ~s, .., -,,. , lr"d ff>l•qraph 1 • . D, I
•Ill""''· ..11,.•11 . . •wnri-r,,
£.pr•-n
•
ario ,., J.ay
••I cle,-111
ii c arr 1.Pr1
r.,1,.0 . . ..,... .,,,, ,,.,~, .. ph
, .,...."
f• l "!'9raoh -,-.rrql'r1
f• l -.iraoh al'd ,.., , o optr•tor,
ftlf>ONI,. 09'f'ra t nr1
0,hrtr t ,..,.,, p()rt 11 t •on arc, co-a.it1ic1t i c,tt pursu i ts
fO""lt"W"l'I .,., ,.,,,. ,. ,,..,,
UbOrer,
""' oor i •t Of't ard •.-.qer1'
01...,.,
oc r uo,at 10"1•
T,..,_
r,~-1~.,,. ,..,,....,.,,_"""
l"'lu'•""-• •"Ill , . . 1 •ttat•
0.2
•""91''· al"d offic ia l s
lincl...,... ..,,,.,, i ll 1toret }
l••c•P1 r•teif dlNlertJ 1
RPta i I dMI"'"
s.1......-
11'1d ule•o-.."
ou,1uit1 i"
t,.,, •.,
~ I ic ••"'ict'
flrof•n1oi-..l Hrvice
Ac1of"t af'd 1,h°"""'""
Arch il «h . dn iqn1r1, draflVIIIII. •nd
'""•"'or•
Art i su. tc"lpton , •'Id t.-c"-rt of a r t
Mut , c i•~ and t•chers of niw1 ic
T.c:t.ers
0.1
0.1
0.2
'
0. 1
0,1
O.•
5.5
0.1
0. 1
0.11
8.9
0, 2
0.8
0,2
0.8
0.1
1.0
0.1
0. 1
).2
5.11
0.)
1.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0. )
I.I
0. 5
) ,I
0. )
0.1
0.)
G .,
0.5
0, 5
o.,
o.•
,.1 11.•
5. 7
1.0
1.6
11.1
0. 1
0.5
2.,
).)
0.1
0. 2
0.1
0.1
0.6
0 .)
0,2
0.1
0.2
0. 5
1.8
1.6
0.1
1.6
1.5
o.,
0.)
0.1
0.2
I .)
0. 5
0,1
0. 6
)7,)
16 .8
111.8
0 ,2
0.6
0.6
0.-.t ic 11"1d Pffto•I Nrv ic e
20 . 1
)II.)
). •
I.I
o.•
0 ,)
..lel'litor1 aftll M'llOf'II
Laborer,
LIUf'lderers and lauf'drnt" (r,,ot in
l ■ undryl
la""lllrp INI dr1 c1H,. ;"IJ ~ • . ,.,.._,,, Ind optrat i-,e1
~tert (ewcept i" 1tort'11I
Pr~t ical nwrMI
S.f"Ytlfttl
.. i ters
Other ,ursuiu•
Clerical occupations
"""'ti,
0.5
co l lector1., a"CI crec,11 1111'1'1
too.l•p,i,rt , c11h 1eo,1 , arc! er ( ount1nt1
Clertas "et e l ,...,..,e c ln, ifi -c,
llil!'tff'II•' • •r,,.nd, al'ld off iu boyt Ind 9irl1
St9ft0tra1her1 and lyp11t1
0. 1
0.2
0,1
0,)
I,)
o.•
1.5
21.8
o.,
2.,
14 ...
o.,
) .7
1. 0
o.•
0.6
0. 5
0. 5
0,1
I.II
0.6
10,0
1.6
0,1
1.0
0.1
I.I
1.,
0.1
7.5
0. 1
0.2
I.I
1.6
0 .1
0.1
S- l profnt ionsl p.,r~ i u•
Att ..... t1t1 af'III N I p,e,1
0.6
•
0,2
0.2
2.,
0, 5
0.)
0.6
0.1
0,5
Motel aftll rNtaurant IIIN~rs ard • ~ • r t'
0.1
0,1
0.8
1.2
0. 5
0.1
0.6
0,5
o.~
0.5
1.,
0.1
• .8
tlou'NII..,.,., INI 1t-rdl1
6.11
I.)
Techt1iUI e"'9 i Plfff"I
Tra i,_ r,ur'IH
l1nator ,.,... .... I.
12 .11
0. 5
0,)
OtJrier orof•n ioral pur111i11•
.. ,Nrs . t.irdrl"ue,1,, aridl ,-r,ic ur i1U
._,.4 ;,. and lod9 i"1 house 1it~r1
loat•lacks
Ct.,....,. lflll clHNn
o.,
0.1
1. 7
0 .5
0,1
; ""c,,tetll)f's
-l>Or•
,.,opr i elorl
ou..,
0.1
0. 1
0.1
0. 5
0,2
0, 1
•¥"' '·
0,2
0.2
0.1
0,2
0. 1,_..,,.....,
0.1
0,9
I).•
..,,,..,., t 'l i "'9 aq•"'lt'I
C~rc , a l t ra w". l•rt
uw.,1.
0. 1
0.2
0. 1
0.1
o. 2
).2
0.9
0,6
216.1
2.1
•
2.7
0.3
1.8
0.2
o.,
0,5
o.,
o.,
2.0
0.5
0.1
0 .1
0. 9
),)
0.)
2.5
0,5
),0
0,1
0,6
0.)
0,)
5.8
0.8
2.0
1.1
7.•
2.0
0. 7
0,5
5,0
0,)
0.5
17.)
6.5
6.8
1.6
66.8
2.9
0, 5
•.1
0. 1
J.•
17.•
0.7
1.0
11.•
0.5
•.5
Digitized
1,8
o.,
0.)
o.•
1.0
o.,
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
256
hblo 13-UNEWPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF WAY 193' CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SEX, AND ALL
GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED 8Y OCCUPATION,•
Wl<EELING, •EST VIRGINIA
RELIEF 19)4
CENSUS
OCCUPATION
=::t
19>0
TOTAL
NEGRO ANO OTNEA
. . ,T(
TOTAL
MAl.E
FIIML.E
IIALE
FEMAI.E
25,683
100.0
2,931
wo.o
2,°'8
100.0
503
230
150
100.0
100.0
JIJO.O
0.7
1.9
2.6
-
1.3
-
Fan.ers {01111ers and tenants) and fa,,. Nnagers
0. 2
0.3
0.,
Faf'l'JI 1aborers
0.5
-
1.3
-
Total .,,.kers report in;:
AQricu1tur'e
1.6
2.2
o.,
0,3
Fistii"9 and forestry•
3.9
9,1
9. 7
-
3().4
3,.8
"6.0
53.0
3'.2
33.5
1:Salcers
o.,
0.5
0.6
8lack9"'ltt.s, for9.-n. and hnler1111tn
Boi le""Pers
0.2
0.1
0.3
o.,
Extraction of •ineralsc
Manufacturing and niechanlcal Industries
Brick and stone 111ason1 and tile layer,
0,3
0.8
0.3
0.5
1.0
0. 7
Carpenters
1.,
2.3
3.3
OresStMllers, see,,st ressea. and 111111 ners
0.5
2.0
0.6
1.6
0.9
Electricians
o. 7
0,8
For911en and owerseers (r.enufac:turlngJ
Fvrnac..,.n, snel temen, huters. and puddler•
MachinisU, millwrights, toolMkers, and die setters
I.I
0.6
1.6
I. 7
1.2
Managers and officials (Nnufacturlng) and tlW'lufacturers
Mechanics not otherwl se specified
Painters, glaziers. enMllllers, etc.
Paper hangers
Pluterus and c ~ t finishers
Plint>en and gas and ste1r11 fitters
Roof•rs and slaters
Shoelllakers and cobbler& (not in factory)
S«illed .arkers in printingd
S«illed workers not else-fiere classified•
Structural iron '#Orkers
T1i I ors and tai loresses
Tin,-iths and copper,-iths
Operatives
Building industry
Chetnical and 111 ied industries1
Cigar and tobacco f1c.tories
Clay, glass, 1nd stone industries9
Clothing industries"
Food and "11 ied industrles 1
Iron and stnl. 1t1achinery, etc. lndu1trie.J
liletal industries, e11:cept iron and st NI•
l.Nther lndustries 1
Lint>er llt'd furniture lndustri_.
Paper, printing, and allied indu1triH"
Te,ctile industries0
Other iaanufacturing and not specified fndustriesP
Laborers
Building, general, and not specified Industries
Chemical and 11 I ied Industries'
Clay, glass, and stone industriesl
Food and al I ied industries 1
Iron and 1teel, 1118Chinery, etc. industrlesJ
li.1nber and furniture industries•
Other 1111anufacturing inclustrinq
1.3
1.5
0.5
1.3
1.7
1.5
2.1
1.6
2.3
2.6
3.6
0.1
I.I
o. 7
0.2
1.4
1.0
0.2
0.9
0.1
0.,
0.2
1.7
3,7
5.2
0.6
0.2
o.,
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
1.3
3.5
0.6
1.3
0.9
0.5
0.3
•
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
2.7
3.2
2.1
1.8
2.1
1.9
,.a
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.9
0.9
1.6
1.6
0.3
8.3
2.,
3.8
5. I
0.9
1.5
1.6
2.,
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
1.0
1.0
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.8
0.6
I.I
0.1
3,0
0.2
2.7
0,3
I. I
I.I
1.5
1,3
6.7
9.3
o.,
0.1
0.9
2.,
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1
o.,
0.3
3.3
0.3
3,0
0.1
1.8
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.6
IJ,I
16.6
5.9
0.2
0.2
0.1
1.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.7
1.,
Tranaportat ion and COl'IN.ln I cation
Water transportation
0.3
1.3
0.5
0,3
81,,i Iding contractors
[nginnrs (stationary). cra......en, etc.
Fir.,..., (except loc01110tive end fi,re depart...,,tJ
1.6
1.0
1.3
8.7
o.,
1.3
2.5
IJ,0
2.8
12.6
11.0, 1
longshor9'11en and stevedores
Sai Iors, deckhands, and boatnmn
Road and street transportation
11.0, 1
Chauffeurs and tn,c.k aind tractor drivers
Dra)'ftlen and tel!lfflSters
c;.,age I aborers
Laborers for truck, transfer, and c. ■b CO'llpanlH, and hoatl1rs
Laborers, road and street
Qailroad transportation 11.0.1
Baggege.n. freight agents. ticket aftd station agents
Boi 1er WI.Shers and engine host le,..
Brak..-.n (at ... rel I road)
2.6
Q,2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
O. I
-
6.7
Digitized by
7.5
2.5
8.6
0.9
0.9
L3
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APPENDIX C
hbh 13-UNCWPlOT[O wo,a:CRS Oflll QELIEF uu 193' CLASSIFIED BT OCCUPATION, RACE. ANO SEX, ANO ALL
C.AIIIFUL tOQKl~S lfll G(JlllllAL POPULAT IOlit 1930 CLASSIFIED 9Y OCCUPATION,•
aHHLIIIU,
•csr VIRGIIIIA-ColUIIIHd
AELIEF 19H
CDWS
occu,.,,1011
19)0
TOTAL
NEG.QO ANO OTHER
~IT[
TOTAL
WALE
FElilAl.E
au.LE
f[MALE
'°"
rransportat iot1 a,,o """'"icat
lcOf'lt •"Uedl
5Pa,1,..,_, trtn,f!Ortat•O" 11.0.1 lcO"'lt•"'..-JI
Conductors \tie.. .-i llr'Nl n, I roads) .-S but conductors
Forfll"lltf' #'Cl over,.,.,,
UDOn~r9
Loccw-ot ,..,. ~,....,.,.,
locCJ"IO\
IW. f I,.....,.
"c:>to~
)li,1c.......,, ft.,..", and , . ~
,.-,,o,
Ulprn1, DO'll,
0.1
0.2
0.1
.
0.,
0.1
Tel~r•oh and red,o OP1trator1
oc,9r,1tor1
Ott.,., tr.,,'\r,ortilt
L.M:,r,rer1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Proc,r,•tort Mid ~ • r • "
0.5
Ot"-r occupat ,on,•
Tredo
Advert i,i"l9 ~e-.,ts
ea...rc ,el tr-.,1oler1
floo~he-r,. for~.
-·
0.1
0.1
0.9
1.5
0.J
0.5
o.,
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.9
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.2
o.,
0.2
2.8
iO" 'Ind C091.l''HCllt io,,t pursuits
for..., 8"'1 OYPl"attrt
ln...,rence and
0.1
0.1
t•lec,ho~. &rid Tfll"'?'"-'IP"' u.o. I
l•prp11 69~! s, e.:pr•n ,..,.W~'"• and ra, l •1 . . , , clerks
1&4, I carr ,ert
fl!!leot,~ Jl'W1 tt>1~r•pf'I I , ~
r.1~1r•P,, -•w~ ... ,
r.,.~
0.J
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.J
0.1
re ■ i
i"sci-<:tors
eni,
estate
•Qet'tl,
....-v.qer,,
and
officials
l.Al,nr.-,, (11'1CIUCW1 port•r1 in stornJ
Proorietor1 (NCf'Ot retail dealer,) 1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.J
0.2
0.2
0.J
0.4
17.4
8.6
8.0
o.,
0.6
0. 7
0.1
1.0
0.J
0.1
I.)
o. 7
0.1
1.2
,.2
8.0
0.6
0.1
0.J
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.0
12. 1
1.6
1.)
2.6
1.3
Public wrw,ce
2.u
1.0
L•
,rofHsional •rwice
8.9
1.7
0.1
I. 7
0.2
o.,
0.1
0.9
0.6
0.6
~-·
L•
1.3
3.8
1.J
lctor1 Mid \ h ~
2.2
0. 7
0.2
0.2
1.6
o.,
Alta, I dif'11\""r1
S I i i ~ W't1 , . , . ~
Other purw,u ,n trill:M 11
16.5
1.3
Arc~,te<t,. 'k'1•1~r•. ,fr11h....e,n, and i,,.,_,.tor1
Art 111t, tculptors, and teect-ers of art
o.~
Mu1,c1an1
2.,
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.1
2.2
1.0
0.7
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.9
12.8
0.8
11.7
). 7
35.•
o.,
0.4
0.2
0.2
1.6
0.6
2.0
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.3
1.0
2.0
8f"lj
t..:hers of ""sic
TNChars
Technical •nca•neers
Trau,ed "UfWI
Other prof•s11onal c,ur"SUittv
pur,ui ts•
Altendentl at1C1 hel per1
and
onsonel Nrvice
Bartters. h4,r'1r1t1wr1, and ,-,,icuri'lll
Board , "9 and I odQ 11'9 houN lo.ffPl'rt
llootblactiis
Di■ ,...,..n
.....-t cleaoiers
[1--,•tor t ~ r •
Motel
rntaur.-t '-"pert Ind
Houwli:Hpers Md ,t ... rds
J., i tors and N•tons
a,ld
-en~~,,
Labo,.,..
Launderers and llllolndrnws !not In la,ndr1)
La,t'ldry and dr1 cl.-nlng CMlfttrs, ....,avers, and operativn
Porters l.,.cept in atores)
Pract iul """n••
SeN.w1t1
11111,ters
Other purauiu•
Cleric.al oc.cupet ions
A1Jent1, collactor1. and eredit"""
Bootid,eepers, cashiers, and accountants
Cl~rt.s "Ot eh••here chs,i fied
Muynqer, errand, and office boys and 9irl1
Ste,qraphitra and typists
1.6
I.J
S.,..iprof"sion ■ I
O.....tic
0.1
1.0
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.6
I.I
0.1
0.J
0.3
0.4
0.7
0.4
0.2
0.9
0.2
0.4
5.6
0.9
0.1
0.5
1.0
8.2
1.4
0.1
12.1
3.6
0.6
2.9
0.2
o. 7
1.6
0.2
0.9
5.9
0.2
2.5
0. 2
1.0
1.J
16. 1
9).)
5.)
5.2
9.3
2.8
0.2
1.6
o.,
J.6
1.3
2.0
3-3
I.I
0.5
0.1
20.2
,.o
,.4
5.2
2.9
0.J
0.4
2.0
0. 2
8.5
1.3
69.•
2.,
0.6
1.)
5.5
fe, , ...... • • - 1 . M J ,
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
2'8
Table l)-U•£WPLOYEO WORKERS O• RCLl[f MAY 193f CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATION, UC[, AND SEK, UDALL
GAl•fUL WORKERS IN GE•ERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED IY OCCUPATIO•,•
WI LK[S-8URE, PCNNSYLVAN IA
M:LIEF 19)4
cusus
19,0
OCCuPATIOtl
Total M>rkers ,..eporting :
I\IUfflb-,r
Percent
TOTAL
l2, 7SC
•.178
100.0
100.0
Agriculture
Fan'fll!rs !owners al"'ld tenants) and
TOTAL
ram
Fam I aborers
,..,.if',..
o.,
0,2
•
-..1T(
FOM.lt
3,•60
61~
100.0
100.0
-
'7.1
100.0
o.,
2.2
2. 7
Extraction of 111i,.,a1,c
2,.0
39.8
•6.9
26.9
27.2
26. 2
0,2
0.1
0. 5
o. 7
0.3
0. 3
Bo i l emaker,
Brick and stone ..uon1 and tile layers
Bui ldin, contrectora
C.roenters
o,es,..kers, ~tresses. and •i 11 i ners
Eltctricians
Engineers l1tat iona,-,J, craneae-n, etc.
Fl,.._,. (except loc01110tiv1 and fire departlftlfltJ
For... ,.. and over'"°rs l•nufacturi~I
Furnac_,.., .,..1 tamet'I, heaters, and puddle,.,
W.Chin i stl, 111111.rights, tool ..kers, rd Clit setters
lllane.gers Md of ficials INnufacturingJ and •nufacturers
Mact..nica not otne,..iH specified
o.,
0, 3
0,8
0. 9
0. 2
0.2
0.2
O.•
I.•
2.5
0.1
3. 2
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.8
0.9
0. 9
o. 7
0.5
0. 3
0.1
I.J
0.2
•
1.0
0.6
0. 9
0.3
1.3
0. 1
1.7
0.1
2. 3
0. 1
0.5
0.2
0,8
0.3
0.9
0.1
0.1
Shoenlillker, and cobblers (not In factory)
Skilled aorker, in ttrintin1i11
Skilled workers not elsewhere classified•
Structural Iron aorker1
Teilor1 and t1ilore11es
Tinsmiths and copper.. ith1
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.1
()perat iv••
&.ilding il'd.tttf")I
Chl'!lical and al I led industrinf
Cigar and tobM:co factorin
Chy , 9la11, end stOftlt indu&trinl
Clothin9 lndustriese.
Food and el I itd indu1t ries 1
Iron encl 1tNI , uchinery. etc. industri11J
Ureta! indu1trlH, except iron end stNllt
Leather industrin 1
l..&aber end furniture induatries9
Paoer. printing. and allied industrin"
Textile inctustrine
OttNtr ,.nufacturing and not specified indu:1trie1 11
LUOrers
&.,ildi"9 , e-neral, and not spec;ified i ndustries
Cheaical and allied industries'
Clay, 9la11 , arid stone industriest
Food and ellied industriH 1
Iron ard stNI, ..chinery, etc . industrtnJ
ll.l'Mller and furniture industries•
Other ~ufecturlnt industrieaq
Transportation arid ccn.,nicet ion
1'1ter traMportation 1a,o. J
Lot191horeflltft end st..,edores
Sailors, deekhands, and boatmeri
Road and street transpartation U,D, 1
Chawrfeurs and truck and tractor drlwen
Ora,.,..n arid te.-slert
Gilr• !~borers
Laborers for truck. transfer, anclcab COIIPlniel, andhottlers
Laborers, road ancl strHt
llllllroect trantoorution u . 0 . 1
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.2
•
0.1
0.1
0.1
0. 3
0.1
0.8
0.5
0. 1
0.5
1.,
I.I
0.1
0.3
0.1
0,1
-
0.5
-
-
3.5
0.5
2. 0
-
,.,
-
0.3
-
0.3
-
o.,
0.3
•
0,9
0.8
0.1
0.5
0.2
o.,•
2).5
0.1
1.5
0. 2
1.5
Painters, 9laziera, __,... Jer,. etc.
PaNr hengers
,1uterer1 ar-d c1t111tnt finishers
Pl IPbera and 9H -,Id stea. fitters
ltoofers ar,d 11 ater1
•
33, 7
0.9
0. 7
o.,
85
0.1
D. 3
lllanufac:taring and 1111Krtanical industrin
Bakers
8lACks,iH11, forg...,fl, and h.,,,.naen
IMU
0.5
0.1
0,2
Fishing and fo,.estry 1
NKIIO HD 0TKA
MlU
o.,
0.1
0. 1
0.1
0. 1
0.1
5.9
•.5
1.5
0.5
o.,
22.1
0.5
-
2.2
0.1
1.9
1. 7
0.5
17. 1
0.1
0.2
-
2.,
2.0
0.1
0. 2
I.I
0. 1
0.2
0.2
2.0
0.3
1.,
0.1
o.,
9.1
9.0
10.2
1.3
20.0
0. 1
0.1
3.3
3.9
0 .2
0.2
0.1
-
1.3
-
,.5
-
1.2
0.1
1.0
o.s
•
•
2.3
0,2
0.2
0.l
0.1
0. 1
o.,
I.•
o.,
.
o.,
I.I
tff:r:",;_~•!~•.=•ho!!f~! and stet ion egent1
0.1
0.1
0. 1
lr11!1.-n lat ... railroad,
0.1
o.,
0. 4
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P:EIMU
18
100.D
259
APPENDIX C
r.~•-
n-uuw•LOTEO OO,U[t5 ON J[Ll[F ,..., 193• Cll$$1FIED BY OCCUPATION, UCE , AND SEX, AND All
GAIOF UL oOUEJS IN G[l[OAL POPULATIOI 1930 Cll$$1FIEO BY OCCUPATION,•
et LK[!.-URI(. ft(IIISYLV&lil I A-Co.U I aud
a...,.
IUO
TOfAL
OCCUf'ATtOII
1111110 ANO
ll<JT(
fOTAl
IMLE
FtMAlE
one
IIMLE
FUMLE
9••
100.0
fransoorut,on etlO c~n ic1t 1on tco,._t,!"luel1)
t r1"'1.PG"t•1 i ori • • · • · 1 lco,,.t ,.,.v@d,
Con-Nctor-1 1st•• erd strHt r, , I ro.011 and bul cO'lductort
ta, I ,-Md
ow, ... ,.,
F'or~r1 and
1
,..,..n
Woto,.,...,.
S.-11c....,,., f l ~ .
ai,ld
7ardlllltn
horns. po1t. rad,o . hlephQl"lt , and t•litQnripti
hO"fll ate"tl, .... ,.,, ... ,,M,...rt, ,no ,.,
Ma1 l carr ,,,.,
f e l ~ arw1 t•levr-.i Ii......,,
r• •~ ,.._.,. ...,Mf'91' ,.,
1•.•·,
1., .. i I
r,, ..,~ •"'
r,1.....,,._
cl1r\1
,...,,o o,.raton
ooeratoo
0.1
0.1
0.)
0.1
0.2
0. 2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0,1
0. 1
•
.
0.1
Otir.er • ~ r t a t ilWI ,,,., c~lcat io,1 Pl,rtu l lt
Fo,..... Ard owerw•rt
ll"IINClOl'I
Laborers
,,oor,,tc,rs
0.)
0.)
0.1
0.1
1.5
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.1
1. 7
•"ti.._,.,
locOIIIOt I Ye
Loci:w-ot ••• f
0.2
al'ld ,.,_.,.,...,.
Ot._.- occuoet ,on,•
T,_
0.1
0. 1
0.1
0.)
0. 1
15.5
~titi"9a,..11
C-rt11I travel•"'
L)
0.5
0.5
0.8
0. )
0.2
0.2
0.)
7.2
6.8
0.1
0. 7
0.2
0.1
0. 1
0. 9
11.1
0. 1
o.e
Dtliw,,...,_
0.6
rioo,._.1-..,,. ror... n, Md i tt1NCtof"I
frisura,1e1 and , .. 1 ntatir aoenu.
•l\elJe,.., .,_. off ic iah
.....,,.
0.1
0,1
0.1
1.0
0.1
0.8
0.1
L.Norers I i"Clwdn POrter1 1ft ttornJ
1.0
o.e
0.9
0.1
1.0
0.1
,roor••tor1 1.-.cnt rtt•il dNler1,Jt
.. ,ail dealers
0,)
0,)
7. 2
0.2
0. 7
).8
O.)
0.)
Nrvlce
1.7
o.e
o. 7
"°'"IIC)f'ltl Hntlce
1.0
0. 1
0.1
0.1
1.5
0,1
0. 2
1.2
0. 1
0.2
0.2
0. 2
0 ,1
0 ,8
2.)
0.1
1.2
0.2
0 .8
0.5
s.1....., Md uln..:,aen
Other 1urauit1 in traoe"
,-1 ic
ac,o,., a n d - ~
4rctlit«ts. drn t9Nr1, draft....,. . and i""'-ntor1
Art i1t 1, .c:wlptor, , •~ t•.c .... ,, of art
_,t ic i •"'I •M teechert of _,,ic
'•cti•rs
fecM lul
""9;,_,.,
•
•.1
o.,
0.8
).I
0.5
9.)
o.s
0.)
fr• i l'llld .._,,......
1.5
Otfrler p,.ofHt iONI pur,w,t,•
S.-iprofe•ton,al ,w r ,w 1t1•
1.6
0.)
0 .1
0.)
0.1
4ttendlf'ltt Ind ._, ocr1
0,)
0.)
0.1
0 .4
8.)
9.)
0. )
2. 9
0. 2
0.2
1.2
0. )
0. 1
o.,
0. )
0. 1
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
0 ,8
....Nry al'ld dr1 cl11nin9 ~rs. ,.,.~r•. atlCI o,,eratiwee
,-,,.,,,., l••ceot in uo,...J
~lie.I nuran
0,5
0.5
0.1
2.6
0.2
S.n,■nts
•.1
O.J
I.I
)0, 4
0.8
5. 7
1.4
0.1
0.1
1.)
DMntlc .,,., Nrtof'l•I Hn,ice
•r11e,...,
._ir,trnNrt . -'d ..,.icuri,u
IN,.dl"9 MCI lod9 •"9 houM ti. . ~,.
loot blacks
C h i ~ •ftd clNner,
l:l~tor tenders
•l"IAflt"
Mcttel and tfftaurant ""9el"'I allld
~ r w a l ' d 1 t ... rd1
Jtf'l i tO"I and NWtOf'tl
La..,..,.
l.aulwrer1 lfld l•Uf'ldrHN9 {l'IOt 1ft laundry)
.. i •• ,.
Other ,uraui ta•
Cltrlll f'IOI ,1...,..,1 cltttif i lld
_,.._.,., errano . Md off i ce boys aftd 9idt
SleflOt,..._,., 611d ty1i1h
,M,. . l . . N
0.1
0.1
7. )
-..ii
loou .... ,,, c ..l'lier1 . ,,_, ecc~tantl
o .o
0.8
0.1
0.1
Cleriul occupet lo,11
At,,ttt, col l«tor'I, af'ld crtdit
0. 7
0.•
1.8
3,e
0. 2
L)
2.9
0.1
0.1
1.1
o.,
0.5
le.7
0,)
0.5
o.•
6.5
5.1
'6.6
16, 7
0.1
1.9
1.e
0.1
0. )
3.2
I.I
0.)
0. 1
0.)
1, 8
2. )
...., ... ,
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
260
Table 13-UNEMPLOYEO #ORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 193• CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION, RACE, ANO SU, ANO ALL
GAIWFUL OORKEl!S IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930 CLASSIFIED BY OCCUPATION,•
0 I LUI NG TON, DELAWARE
REl.lEF 19)4
,.,,,
CENSU!
OCCUPATION
Total 1JOrliers reporting:
10TAL
lOTAL
NIJ'llber
'7,170
Percent
100.0
0.6
0.1
0,5
,,,96
100.0
Agricul lure
Farmer!!, fo•ner-s .lnd tenants) and fet'ffl l'lllll"laqers
Farm I aborers
Extraction of niinerl!llsc
Ritlicers
Blad!Sfflitt-.s, forg.-eri, and h....-effllen
Aoi I el'ffl,lker-s
Brick arid stone lh'l10ns and tile I aye~
Building contractors
Carpenters
Dressmakers, seM1Stresses, and 111i I I iners
ElectritiAnS
Engineers !stl!ltionaryl. cranemen, etc.
Fir.-en (except locOfflOlive and fire departnientJ
Forenen and O¥erseers (nelll.lfacturingJ
Furnacenien, smel termen, hHters, ■ nd puddlers
lilachinists, millwriqhts, toolrrekers, and die setters
lillnagers and officials (t'IM.nufar.turingJ and 1t11nufacturH"S
2.J
0.2
2.1
o.s
Fishing and forestry•
Manuf1cturing and mechanical industries
NEGII) MO OTMIR
WHITE
MALE
FEMALE
1.822
100.0
1.8
0.3
1.5
1.2
650
100.0
0.1
0.3
0.5
U.7
0,3
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.2
f!:I. J
69.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
1.2
0.2
0.5
0.5
2.9
0.3
2.5
0. 5
1.0
1.0
0,8
1.7
0.1
3, I
1.,
MechAniu not othe-rwise specified
0.9
Painters, glaziers, eNftlllers, etc.
Paper hangers
Plasterer$ and ceiient finithers
PI\M'ftbers and gas and steem fitters
bfers and sllllMs
1.5
0.2
0.2
1.2
0.1
Sto9Wllkers and cobblers Ir-at in factory)
SSlilled •orlcers in printingd
S1.illed 1110rhrs not elsewhere clauified•
Structural iron 11r0rli;ers
Tailors and tailoressn
Tin111i th, and copper•iths
0.2
o.,
J.0
o.,
7.1
0.6
0.8
0.9
1.5
1.3
1.2
0.2
o.,
1.2
0.2
1.0
2.,
MALE
1,182
100.0
5.8
o.,
5.•
51.6
6.9
0.2
0.2
0.2
o.,
2.J
0.6
0.9
1.5
o.,
0,5
2.9
0.5
2.,
5.•
0.2
0,6
0.2
1.,
J.5
0,3
0.5
o.•
0.1
0,2
0,3
1.,
o.,
I.I
0.5
0.1
0,1
0.6
2.9
0.3
0.3
1.5
•
0.J
0.2
0.2
•3.6
0.6
0.2
0.8
o.,
8-12
100.0
0.2
0.2
o. 7
0.1
D.5
FBIM.E
0.5
0.2
o.,
0.2
Operatives
Building industry
Chemical and al I ied industriea'
Ci9.1r and tobacco factories
Clay, glass, and stone industrial
Clothing industries"
Food and al I ied lnduetrles 1
Iron and steel, flllChinery, etc. lndu1triNJ
Metal industries, except iron and steel"
LNther industries 1
li.nber and furni tur-e industries•
Paper. printing. and allied industries"
Textile inclustries0
Ott\tr 11i1nufacturing and not specified lndustriesP
Laborers
Building, general. ard not specified inclu1triH
Ch•ical and all led industries'
Clay, glass, and stone lndustrlesG
F'ood and allied industries 1
Iron and 1teel, ffllChinery, etc. industrinj
luaber and furniture industries•
Other ,..nufacturing industriaq
Transportation and connunication
•ter transporhtion la.0.1
Longshoremen and stevedores
Sailors, deckhands, and boat,_,,
0.1
o.,
o.,
.
0.8
0.3
,..
•
2.8
0.2
o.,
2.0
2.,
Drayraen and teansters
Garage laborers
Laborers for truck. transfer, and cab c01111anies, and hostlers
laborers, road and street
Rllilroad transportation 11.0.1
Baggagemen, freight agents, ticket an:t station agents
Boiler •ashers and engine t-o1tlera
Brakenien (steani railroad)
0,1
0.2
0.2
o.,
0.3
9.2
1.5
J.2
5.S
0.5
0.5
II.I
D.5
2.8
3.2
o.,
5.2
0.5
I.I
2.0
1.,
1.6
1.8
3. 7
o. 7
C,2
o.,
I.I
2.5
2,5
,.1
0.J
0.5
3.2
0.9
0.8
2,J
0.6
20.5
1.3
7,2
0.8
0.1
0.1
2.5
0.1
0,6
0.2
0.1
2.6
0.2
2.6
0.7
0.2
0.1
2.6
0.2
2.8
O.J
10.,
10.5
11.J
I.I
0,1
0.5
0.1
,..
0.1
,.5
0.J
6.2
0.2
O. I
0.1
2.5
1.2
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.3
O. I
Digitized by
5.•
0.2
O,J
o.,
0.6
5.9
0.6
5.6
22.0
1.6
1.5
2.0
0.2
0,1
0.1
0.2
0.2
6.3
3,6
~
and street transport,uion 11.0.1
Chauffeurs and truclc and tractor drivers
0.7
0.3
0.9
0.6
0,1
1.5
0,6
1.,
0.8
o.,
o.,
7.6
0.2
0.1
0.8
Google
0.1
APPENDIX C
261
Ta•I• t)-Ul[ltPlOY[O •OOl[SfS OW D[ll[F' MAY l~'l• CLASSIFl{O 8T OCCUPATION, UC(, HO SEX. AID All
r.•u•uL •o••E•s IN r.E•E••L POPULAT IO• 19JO CLASStrt[O BY OCCUPATtO•.•
•1tti1INCTOI, 0£.LAIAIH-Cou1,11,ed
OCCU"AT,011
fr■ 1'11,C10rtat10fl
CE•5US
19l0
fflTII.
!IHI TE
ME'-'Wl ANO OTHER
TOTA&.
Ind COll'-Jn,c•t•Otl ft.ont1nUlldl
b,lrod transporl•t•on •.0,1 lconti~I
Cot'lduetor, lu.,..,. and 1trNt rad roadst and tud col'\&lctors
Loca-,t,we en91neers
S.1tctwen. fl •rtn, and ,.,-..,,
[aprHs. ,-,.1, red,o,
0.1
o.z
I.I
0. 6
J.O
O.J
0. 5
f,, ..."
l.OCCll"'01 •w•
llloto,,_..,
0,6
0. 9
o.z
.
o. t
o.,
0. 1
0. 1
0. Z
0.J
0. J
0.8
0.1
O.J
O. t
lfllt"P~. e<'ld teole>Q'lll>h • · "·'
E•oren ,gent,, exprn, ._ne"9trt , ,no r1d•a1 ._ , 1 cler\1
lill,,1 c.arr,ers
Tele,ot,,orw, aM tel~raph I 1n...,.
Te 1•1raph •n~i-rs
.
o.z
0.1
Tele1r•"h and rs1,o operatora
o.z
Tel epho,.. op.rators
0.5
o.z
0.1
1,1
Other traraportat,on and cO'IIIIUn•cation pwrwilt
For...n and o.erwer1
lnsDe<:tors
Laborers
n.1
Proor ••to~ "Ind "IAl"ll<Jl'r1'
Othar oc.c1.opat,ons•
o. 7
Trade
&.,j.,.,, ,1,' f'\J
•Q•"''
C.0-.rc ••• tr.a ... elars
0.1 twf'ry,..n
floor-.til"ers, forfl"'4tn, •"<f inspector,
INuranc.e and '••I nt-tle •ge"tl, •na~rs. ard offici•l1
o.z
0.1
0,1
0.1
O.J
o.z
0.1
0.1
0.2
13,0
0,1
7. 7
8.1
O.J
0.1
I.I
0. 1
0.2
0.2
0. 1
I.I
.
15. 1
B.6
0, 2
0,5
0. 5
0. 2
o.z
,.o
O.J
laDOrer, (ir-.c:;li,0n porters in storn)
0.8
1.5
o. 7
1.0
0. 1
Proprietors l••ce,pt retail dHlerslt
Atta, I .1eal•rs
Sale.,..,., •l"l:j s1ln..:,,,ren
Other ~rsu,tl 1n trade"
0.5
0,5
0.5
...,tio,,
Mlic .. ,..,..e,e
Z.J
1.,
fllrofns10f\ll serw,ce
Ac. tors and s ~ n
Archttec!S, ~s•~rs. dr,ft~. end inwentotl
Artists, Kul ptors, 1nd teac~ers of art
lli,1c1a,. .,., te.cher1 of 111ya1c
fe1chrer1
Te,c.hti i uif
J.9
5,6
0,2
et1Q"'"''
0.1
0.6
0.1
O.J
I.A
0,8
•
1,.1
o.,
o.,
0,J
O.J
0,J
0,9
O.B
O. J
1.5
1,5
J.J
0.8
0.1
0.1
1.8
0.1
0. Z
O.J
O.J
O.J
0. 3
0.9
0,1
o.z
0. Z
0,J
0, J
•
0, 7
2. 2
0. 5
O.J
o.z
O.J
o.,
12.5
2•.•
1.8
0,9
0. 7
0.1
Ch.a,.,.,.,., and d•ner-t
0.1
(lawator tenders
0.1
t4otel and rest•urant k9901tr1 and •na911r1
Nc>u,elie~ers and
0,5
lAbor•n
Laurd•rert and hun1resHI lnot in hi.n,r,t
0.9
0,1
o. 7
Liu,_,,., and dr, cl•anir19 c,,.,-rs, ,..,,,a;tr1, and o"ratlvn
Porter1, leac,eot •" 11or•1l
Pract,c•I n..rses
•.. ,.,,
O.J
O. J
O.J
0.9
18. 0
o.z
0,2
0.2
o. J
0. 1
0.1
9.1
9Z.J
o.,
I.I
0.4
o.,
O.J
1,0
0,2
0.1
0,6
0,9
O.l
O.l
2,5
I.Z
0. 6
z.o
Z. I
0, 7
0.3
0,8
13,1
0.9
o.z
J.9
o.,
n.5
6,1
I.I
16.9
1.0
O.J
0. 5
0. t
Z. J
13.5
J.9
,.z
0,6
72.8
0.8
0,2
0.2
o.~
0.1
Ottler puf"luitt•
0. 1
IZ .O
Z.9
),7
8.6
o.~
0.1
o.,
0. 2
0.5
0.)
Z.5
6,0
o.z
0.2
Clartcal occi.c>at1ons
lge,.,t!I , collKtor-s , attd cr~it "'t!n
B0olid11e-epers, c:•"h,ers, and accountanll
Cl•rli.1. rot el~_ .... re clnsified
llllnung•r. errand, an:, off,ee tm,s and girh
St•rogro111pher1 ard t,0,sts
0,4
0.2
0,2
0.1
0,4
t .. ard1
I
o.z
O.J
0. 9
0.2
fra,,..-t '°"r,es
&lrbel"'I , ha 1 r1r""1ers, and •nicur,1ta
&ardll''9 a,wj lod91"9 ho1.1H keeper1
Aootbl 1c1t.1
0,8
J,J
0.5
J.4
Ot"-er pro,u,s1on,1I pur1111t1"
S. icrofns,o,-1 pur1u,t1•
Allel'danll and ... lper1
Diai-.stic aflld per.on.al 1erv1c•
Z.5
0.8
1.0
o.,
0, 1
I. 7
Z.6
o.z
o.z
O.J
Z.8
0.5
0, I
1.5
4,0
o.z
0.2
Z.8
Digitized by
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ORBAN WORIERS ON RELIEF
262
NOTES TO APPENDIX TABLE 13
The preceding tables present the occupational distribution
of unemployed workers 16-6tJ years of age on relief Ha, 1~ and
of gainful workers 10 years of age and over in the general population 1930, a by city. Both number and percent distributions
are given for relief workers by race and sex. For a-ainfnl workers in the general popuiation in 1930, only a percent distribution of the total is presented. For the 19 cities with a
population under 2!5,000 no occupation data were available ft'OII
the Census.
A basic stub of 118 occupations within the 10 main a-roups
was used. This stub i-s a condensation of the 213 item stub
used in urban summary occupation tables in Part I of this report. When the occupations included in a line are not indicated clearly in the stub, a reference is aade to the footnotes
that precede the tables where the group of occupations is listed
in detail.
Occupations that represented less than ,0!5 of a percent of
all a-ainful workers in a a-hen city and were not represented
on relief, were omitted from the table for that city. When
fewer than 50 workers in a sina-le race-sex 1roup were on relief in a city, the percent distribution colu1111 for that racesex a-roup was omitted.
• Less than
of one percent
t Workers 16-61J years of age.
a Fifteenth Census of the United States 1930, Population Volume IV, State Tables q and !5. Includes all persons 10 years
of age and over who usually followed a gainful occupation
and who were either workina- or seekina- wort.
b Includes fishenen and oystel'llen; foresters, forest ran1ers,
and timber cruisers; owners and managers of loa- and tiaber
camps; lumbemen, raft•en, and woodchoppers.
c Includes operators, managers, and officials; foremen, overseers, and inspectors; and operatives in mines, quarries, oil
and gas wells, and salt wells and works.
d Includes compositors, linotypers, and typesetters; electrotypers, stereotypers, and lithoa-raphers; en1ravers; and pressmen and plate printers.
e Includes cabinetmakers; coopers; a-lass blowers; Jewelers,
watchmakers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths; loomfhen; millel'S
in flour and grain mills; moulders, founders, and casters
lmetall; pattern and model makers; piano and ora-an tuners;
rollers and roll hands; salf)'ers; stone cutters; upholsterers;
and skilled workers not elsewhere classified.
f Includes operatives in charcoal and coke works; explosives,
ammunition., and fireworks factories; fertilizer factories;
gas works; paint and varnish factories; petroleua refineries;
.o,
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APPENDIX
263
C
rayon factories; soap factories; other che11ical factories.
g Includes operatives in brick, tile, and terra-cotta factories;
flass factories; lime, cement, and artificial stone factories;
marble and stone yards; potteries.
h Includes corset factories; glove factories; hat factories
Ueltl; shirt, collar, and cuff factories; suit, coat, and
overall factories; other clothing factories.
Includes bakeries; butter, cheese, and condensed milk factories; candy factories; fish curing and packing; flour and
grain ■ ills; fruit and vegetable canning; slaughter and packing houses; sugar factories and refi~eries; other food factories; liquor and beverage industries.
j Includes agricultural implement factories; automobile factories; automobile repair shops; blast furnaces and steel
rolling mills; car and railroad shops; ship and boat building; wagon and carriage factories; other iron and steel and
111&chinery factories; not specified 111etal industries.
k Includes brass mills; clock and watch factories; copper factories; gold and silver factories; jewelry factories; lead
and zinc factories; tinware, enamelware,etc.,factories; other
specified metal factories.
Includes harness and saddle factories; leather belt, leather
goods, etc.,factories; shoe factories: tanneries; trunk, suitca.~e, and bag factories.
m Includes furniture factories; piano and organ factories; saw
and planing mills; other wood working factories.
n Includes blank book, envelope, tag, paper ba,, etc.,factories; paper and pulp mills; paper box factories; printing,
publishing, and engraving.
o Includes cotton mills, knitting mills, silk 11ills; textile
dyeing, finishing and printing 111ills; woolen and worsted 11ills;
carpet mills; hemp, jute, and linen ■ ills; lace and e11brolder1
11ills; rope and cordage factories; sail, awn inf, and tent
factories, and other textile ■ ills.
p Includes broom and brush factories; button factories; electric light and power plants; electrical machinery and supply
factories, rubber factories; straw factories; turpentine
farms and distilleries; other miscellaneous manufacturing industries and not specified industries and senices. Also includes apprentices in manufacturing and mechanical industries;
dyers; filers, grinders, buffers, and polishers (metal); and
oilers of machinery.
q Includes cigar and tobacco factories; clothing industries;
metal industries except iron and steel; leather industries;
paper, printing, and allied industries; textile industries;
and miscellaneous manufacturing industries.
~ Includes captains.masters, mates, and pilots; garage owners,
■anagers, and officials; owners and lllanagers, truck, transfer,
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URBAN WORKERS ON RBLIIF
and cab companies; officials and superintendents of railroads; postmasters; and proprietors, managers, and officials
not otherwise specified.
s Includes apprentices; aviators; and other occupations in
transportation and communication.
t Includes bankers, brokers, and money lenders; undertakers;
wholesale dealers, importers, and exporters; and proprietors,
managers, and officials not otherwise specified.
~ Includes apprentices; decorators, drapers, and window dressers; and other pursuits in trade.
v Includes authors, editors, and reporters; chemists and metallurgists; clergymen; college presidents and professors;
dentists; lawyers, judges, and justices; osteopaths; photographers; physicians and surgeons; veterinary surgeons; and
other professional pursuits.
w Includes abstracters, notaries, and justices of peace; architects', designers', and draftsmen's apprentices; apprentices to other professional persons; billiard room, dance
hall, skating rink, etc., keepers; chiropractors; directors,
managers, and officials, motion picture production; healers
lnot elsewhere classified); keepers of charitable and penal
institutions; keepers of pleasureresorts, race tracks, etc.;
officials of lodges, societies, etc.; radio announcers, directors, managers, and officials; religious workers; technicians and laboratory assistants; theatrical owners, managers,
and officials; and other semiprofessional and recreational
pursuits.
x Includes cemetery keepers; hunters, trappers, and guides;
and other domestic and personal occupations.
y Census occupational data are not available for cities under
25,000 population.
s.o.- Selected occupations.
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T•bl• 1,-EwPLOYED •ORKERS 0 ON RELIEF IN WAY 1934 AND GAINFUL •ORKERS IN TH[ GENERAL POPULATION OF 1930•
IN SI• SELECTED OCCUPATIONS IN 79 CITIES
~
TOT,1,L
0
CITY AAIO SUTE
I
i
-lHIEF"
u~sus
;;iELIH
CE .. SU~
l:tELI EF"
CEP\SUS
RELi EF
CEICSUS
'IELIEF
CEJrtSiJS
:t.)
4. 2
6.2
2.9
1.11
2.9
1.5
Akron, Ohio
30.1
30. 7
18.9
,u.5
JJ. 7
11.a
9.5
IJ.0
, .3
2'.J
1:,.4
3.,
z.,
2.0
~-2
1.0
8.9
2.'.I
1.2
I. I
t
,.1
,.5
4.0
3-3
'
3. 7
2. 7
2 .5
2.3
2.0
ll.6
b.9
5.9
5.,
2.3
'i..1
, .7
J.O
2.9
2.2
5.2
1.B
ti.O
5.8
6.6
J.O
7.0
6.5
2.a
I. 7
2.2
1. 7
'
J.O
2.3
2.4
1.2
1.2
16.1
10. 7
21.1
6.4
t
;.1
2.9
2.9
6.2
2.6
t
9.9
5.J
liitj,
H~rbor. Mich.
Bridgeport, Conn,
!iiff•lo, N. Y.
EkJrl ington, Vt.
!iltte, llont.
Charleston. S. C.
O,arl ott•. ~- C.
O,;cago, 111.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cl ~el and, Ohio
Derby, Conn,
( i)
l:tH1EF"
,. 9
Boston, i.Aa~1.
l:lowl ing <.ireien. l(y.
-
PAINTERS
CE•5'15
2.5
t:liloxi, liitiss.
t:lif"'l'li'lgh""', Ala.
~
CiUIPEt1TERS
SALESIWOlll::1\1
AEltEr:
5.1
Benton
0
SALES.WEN UD
5.9
At I ant a, ~a.
0
--
13.ti
Baltiff'()re,
~
~
BUI LOl"G AJtO
GElllE~Al l~ERS
20.5
Al bUQuerQe, 'I. ~-,
i'j"
""
CEJriSUS
AIIIO T11ACT~ OAl~EifS
3J.;
Ansonia, Conn.
cci"
CH4UHEu~s AIIIO fQU(I(
SERVUTS
Urban s~pl i ng are:s12
.;
0
r:~
SIX 0CCUP4TrOWS
Detroit, Mich.
Cbuglas, Ariz.
~luth, Uinn,
El Paso. Texas
33.1
25.•
2J.5
'
26.0
.t:2 .l.
t
'
35.0
3'.5
2,. 7
2J.4
«!.I
27.5
25. 7
3'.8
l7.6
J2.4
16. 7
18.J
J9. l
25.5
)ti.6
39.0
19. 7
;1. 7
'
'
1:i.J
,7 .o
19. 7
21.J
18.9
t
'
12.J
t
4.1
2,9
3.8
5.2
7.9
6.2
13.2
25.4
9.2
15.2
9.5
J.1
'
J.J
l.j.4
1,4 .•.2
5.b
4.1
t
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t
t
2.3
3.1
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6.4
4.5
9.!>
:i.3
2.4
1.9
J.O
1.5
2.1
J.6
4.2
5. l
5.2
4.2
2.4
2.6
,.9
2.8
'
'
3.8
4.8
2.8
7 .5
3.9
4.2
3.J
8.8
.!.1
3.8
5.1
, _3
9.2
J.6
4 .2
18.1
7 .5
3.6
2.6
t
11.4
Enid, Okla.
24.5
30. 7
28. 7
34.4
28.4
22.2
27. 2
26.J
7.0
13.6
8.0
5.2
8.4
4.2
5.9
4.5
4.8
2.5
2.5
2.2
J.O
5.9
J.4
4.2
4.)
Evansville, Ind.
Everett, Wash.
Findlay, Ohio
Fort Wayne, Ind.
C-1.ston i a, N. C.
27 .1
26.4
20. 7
26. 7
13.6
20.1
18.J
13. l
,.8
7.3
5. 7
6.3
4.2
4.0
3.3
6.4
4.5
4.8
l.8
2.)
2.2
4.J
'
1.0
J.4
1.1
t
17 .4
'
3-8
t
't
2.8
,.o
2.0
t
2. 7
'
2. 2
3-•
3.1
t
t
t
4.1
2.J
t
1.4
£.6
4.2
6. 7
7. 7
'
2.2
1.9
;.6
0.6
4.0
4. 7
t
6.0
6.4
'
J.<
1.2
2.;
5.J
5.1
7.2
5.1
2. 7
2.2
2. 9
,.3
I. 9
J.4
2.6
4.3
J.9
7.4
7. 2
6.a
6.3
J. l
6.3
6.0
5.5
6.2
4.2
7.1
8.4
9.8
't
1.6
4.1
4.0
5.2
3.0
2.0
t
1. 7
'
2.4
3.8
2. 7
4.6
1.4
'
'
'
6.8
6.7
'
'
7. 7
1. 7
2.9
2.J
J. 7
J.l
t
2.3
I.B
I. 7
5.1
2.2
,.6
4.1
1.4
1.6
J.8
1.8
4.2
2.1
J.9
4.0
0.5
3.5
1.3
2.1
1.6
3.3
1.8
1. 7
1.8
1.6
1.8
3. 7
1.8
3.6
J.J
4.5
2.1
4.8
1.3
3.8
2.~
t
2.0
I. 7
t
1.5
2.6
'
'
1.8
2.0
2.6
J.5
1.8
2.3
'
'
1. 7
1.8
2.J
"· 7
3.1
2.5
t
''
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:z:
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n
I.I
1. 7
1.5
I. 7
0.6
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ti:,
ti:,
t.%J
t::,
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1.1
I. 7
1.5
I.ti
't
3.6
0.6
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2.6
2.6
2.0
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2.J
3.9
4.4
0.5
2.0
1.1
1.3
1.3
1.4
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1.5
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Table lt.-EYPLOYED WORKcRS" ON RELIEF IN MAY 1934 AND GAINFUL WORKERS IN THE GENERAL POP~LATION OF 1930•
IN SIX SELECTED OCCUPATIONS IN 79 CITIES-Contlnusd
C tTY AHO STATE
I
TOT AL FOP
I
SIX OCCUPATIONS
~El I Et"
Jloversville, ~. Y.
Hiot,i.,g, 1.Ainn.
Hcu'StfJn, 1'~)1:~s
lr-di~Mrolis, ln,i.
Jadcs0ri, ,1io;-:,
I
II
t
I
;o.3
I
4,.1
~4 .5
21.U
26.5
i'j"
""
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
34. l
36.J
,io. l
d.0
~6.4
23. 'i.
~1 ~th F-11 ls, Oreg.
U!.ke Char I es, La.
;b.9
14 .s
I
Ju. 1
t
Lak.el an1, FI.J.
Le'<ir,gton, l"'y.
Little Rock, Ark,
Los A."geles, C.:,l if.
l.ynn, l.(1ss.
Jl.6
j) .1
l<enosha, ft'i s.
0
I
I
3,J.ci
30.8
22.2
Y?1ncti~!::ler, N. H.
,o.a
~.1rquet te, ~i ch.
Ui l •'1ukee, '11.i s.
Minn~apcl is, I-Jinn.
Minot, N, Oak.
.6.3
2J.3
31.3
~ew Ori ~~ns, L.".
~ew York, N. Y.
Nnrfol~. Va.
~id,rnd, C~lif.
C<.;hkosti, Yfi s.
P1ter'ion, N, J.
P1 tt_...:ovrgh, Pa.
Port l-1nd, Maine
Part".ifT"Outh, N, H.
Prnv i 1e"'Ct', R, I,
,1e,:,:dinq, P::i.
qnd1.,.r,er, N. Y.
1':lcli:!orct, 11 l.
1
qocl island. Ill.
t
2B.2
i4.4
22.8
!I
I
II
8.5
18.6
lfi.0
2:i.C
14.9
19.J
19.0
9.l
'
t
2.6
4.6
J.8
2.2
4.9
10.,
::l.i
2.4
4.J
.£.5
2.9
2.2
,.8
2.9
4.4
4. 9
4.6
5.8
,.3
I
I
4.3
J.O
2.3
1.9
11. l
6. 7
3.1
10.U
6.8
4. 7
3.0
1.9
4.0
3.8
4 .2
3- 7
1.9
t
3.6
3.6
4. 2
4.5
3.5
7. 7
9.s
•. 7
5.1
J.O
2.9
b.4
3.4
t
t
t
t
3.J
2.0
2.3
2.1
J.0
t
3.1
5.J
4. 7
5.5
9. 7
a.~
J.4
5.5
10. l
3.8
J.b
5.1
J.J
4.9
J.I
2.5
5.5
5.1
4.)
7.1
5.1
7 .2
2.9
5.2
4. 5
2. 7
4.6
1.8
5.U
4 .b
6.5
J. 5
4.0
t.0
t
17 .4
22. l
I
15. 9
2:2. l
21.5
7.4
;,;.o
26.J
qH1EF
4.&
16.1
6.1
31.4
2.t.H
27. I
CE~StJS
6.2
5.J
4 .6
6. 7
8.5
<J.1
1.1.4
2,.9
21.8
19.3
26.3
J:J.5
30.4
29.4
22.8
3.8
1.4
3.2
qELI EF
1:J.6
J4.8
28.2
44 .1
I
I
I
i
t
18.6
15.8
17 .6
ld.fi
J.a.'i
7.J
i>.4
10.1
7.6
5.J
5.1
SALESMEN AAO
SALESW()r.!EN
CENStJ':,
lJ.9
t
25.5
QELIEF
GENfqAL LABOREqS
2.6
J. l
4.S
J.3
I
11. 7
15.6
3.9
8.5
14.6
36.5
i.<J.l
t
i
BUI LOING ANO
AND TRUCK
I ANO T~ACTOR DR IVEPS
CENSUS
4.6
I
I
II CHAUFFEURS
SERVA.HTS
RELi E.F
CEI\SiJS
L4 .b
Ll. ';J
Joplin, ,~o.
l(~'lsas City, \4.,,
cci"
I
I
t
2.9
5.0
'
J.O
,.9
4.'~
•. 0
I
J.B
7.6
5.0
J.4
2.1
t
,l.1
t
't
J. 7
1.8
1.9
0.8
2.1
2.2
4.0
J.6
2.3
4.9
1.9
2.3
t
4.1
t
2.6
3.3
1.8
2.0
0.2
5.1
3. 7
J.J
1. 7
l. 7
t
.£.1
J.1
2.9
2.8
t
2.8
(.U
2 ,
4.9
7.J
5. 7
10.1
2.9
5.8
6.J
1.6
5.4
1.0
t
2. 7
1. 7
4 .0
6. 7
4.1
!
CARPENTERS
PAINTERS
REL 1(1=
1=EPl5US
RELIEF
t
3.,
t
5.2
2.0
£.5
3.0
'i..3
I
7. l
7. 7
I.I
J. l
5.1
2.3
4. 7
9.6
9.0
4.5
£.6
J.2
4.8
4. 7
3.1
I
t
t
4 .2
t
2. 7
1.9
2.5
'i.. 7
1.6
1.9
t
I
t
7 .4
1.8
9.4
6.4
,.7
4.5
J.8
5.5
1.9
4.8
1. 7
3.4
l.4
2.0
2.6
1.9
2.3
,.5
4.1
1.6
0.9
'i..4
2.2
2.9
J.J
CENSUS
t
t
1.3
1.6
1.0
1.5
1.5
2.4
t
t
t
1.5
1.1
1.5
2.2
2.0
4.6
4.5
1.8
1. 7
t
1.3
t
2.8
1.J
J.J
l.2
3.8
2. 7
4.0
1.1
J.0
2.5
1.9
4.1
1. 7
1.2
1.8
1. 9
2.1
2.5
2.5
2.6
6.J
6.0
8. 7
6.1
1.8
3.6
1. 7
,.o
4.6
4.2
5.8
7. 7
8.1
1.5
3.9
J.1
6.4
2.1
2. 5
2.9
2.4
2.3
3-3
3.2
1.~
J.8
5.4
b.6
2.3
3-3
5.2
5.0
4.0
I
7.J
7.0
J.4
J.6
~
t"'l
:;o
ti)
2.0
). I.
:;o
0
l. 7
6.1
0
1.4
J.5
,.8
4.0
z
:If;
1.0
4.1
J.6
6.1
>
2.6
2.9
6.5
8.9
I
t
c::
:;:,::,
tXl
4.3
J.O
4.4
3.0
6.1
6.8
2.6
2.2
2.6
~
CENSUS
t..O
t
tu
t
1.5
1.4
2.J
1.4
1.9
2.,
l.1
t
1.6
4.4
2.8
2.7
2.8
4.8
4.2
t
l. 2
1.0
1.5
t
1.6
l.4
1.2
•. I
1. 7
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1.9
1.6
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1
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s.., 11 l•• • .::,lv. llt ,t,
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c.,,,.,e oc e w~• t• c n\ 11a ~ t.,. l aq : Jt rir•• ti~ • reore ~t t1 t• t 11:if' 1111 l l'Mt urnen tel ie, S•••I• .
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79 CIT IES- Co••··••1
IN
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I
Sil'.)uJI
SIX SlL [ CT Ee 0:; JPAT1 0 ,s
T 10f,1'5
r wE~~,-- f- :t11'.)1'5 ' ~£ ~1C:
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
268
Table 15-MEDIAN AGE OF UNEMPLOYED •ORKERS 0 ON RELIEF, IIAY 1934, AND OF ALL GAINFUL
WORKERS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION 1930b CLASSIFIED BY SEX,
IN 79 C If I ES
AHIEF 1934
CENSUS 1930
CITY AND STATE
TOTAL
... LE
FEMALE
TOTAL
IIALE
FE ... LE
Urban United States
35.2
37. 7
30-3
<
<
<
Akron. Ohio
Albuquerque, N. Mex,
Anson i a. Com.
At Ian ta, Ga.
Balti,,iore, Md.
37.8
31.4
31,8
33.9
33,8
39.4
32.6
33.4
35.5
35, 7
32.6
26. 7
26.5
32.1
30.3
33,5
J,I. 7
J,1.9
36.2
28.4
31.0
J,1.2
35.8
29.9
29. 7
Benton Harbor, Mich.
38.8
31.8
J,1,1
35,2
J,1.4
41.3
32.2
36,9
37.2
35,7
34,9
31,3
31.4
25.9
32.5
35,1
35,6
29.1
J,1.8
:n.3
36.7
37.8
29.4
37,l
32,9
27 .2
26.4
26.8
25.1
31.4
35.0
34,8
JE,.l
33,8
t
t
39.2
35.2
31.6
31.6
Cincinnati, O\io
31.9
36,7
35.5
CJ..,eland, Ohio
Derby, Conn,
29,6
31,3
32,6
29.3
211.6
31.6
J,1.2
35.5
J,1.5
33,2
36,1
36,9
36,4
28.6
211.2
30. 7
27.9
32,3
J,1.3
38.8
37 .1
38.2
33,1
t
t
t
41.6
31,7
31.2
3',-9
37,2
216.0
31.9
27.9
30,0
32,4
33.6
J,1.9
27.8
Enid, Ol<la.
39.1
31,B
35,3
33.0
36,4
36,3
33,9
33,9
38,9
35.1
35,7
27.6
30,7
211.8
Evansville, Ind,
Everett, Wash.
Findlay, Ohio
Fort Mayne, Ind,
Gastonia, N. C.
35,l
36,7
36.9
36.6
30,4
37.2
38,5
37,8
38,0
32.7
32,1
25.8
33,9
31.6
25. 7
J,1.7
36,7
36,5
37.9
29,3
31. 7
3).8
'
35.5
'
28.1
I
I
Gloversville, N. Y.
38,3
35,9
35.0
35.9
J,1.0
37,8
37.1
37,4
39,6
28.6
31.8
J,1.2
31.4
Biloxi, Miss.
Birminghin, Ala.
Boston, Mass.
80,,ling Green, Ky,
Bridgeport, Conn,
Buffalo, N: Y.
Burlington, Vt.
Butte, Mont.
Charleston, S. C.
Charlotte, N. C.
Chicago, 111.
Detroit, Mich.
Douglas, Ariz.
Duluth, Minn.
El Paso, Tex.
Hibbing, Minn.
Houston, Tex.
lndianapol is, Ind.
Jackson, Miss.
311.0
36.7
36.2
t
32, 7
34,2
t
t
33,2
35,2
t
t
t
''
Lynn, lila.ss.
32.5
33,3
33,2
J,1,6
30.8
Manchester. N, H.
Marquette, Mich.
Milwaukee, IIVis.
Minneapolis, Minn.
Minot, N, Dok.
3).7
33,9
35.4
38.0
35.5
35.0
29.9
29,5
26.3
30.2
30,3
Orleans, Le.
Ne# York, N. Y.
Norfolk, Va.
Oakland, Calif.
Oshkosh, iii s.
35,3
J,1.2
35.4
37,3
33,4
36,7
36.6
36,6
35.2
28.4
Paterson, N. J.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
37.1
J,1.9
33.5
36.8
33,4
39.2
36.9
J,I. 7
37.l
35,6
31,l
28.2
28.3
35.5
27.4
Portland, Maine
PortsmaJth, N. H
Providenee, R. I.
38,4
32,4
27.0
3',3
35.l
't
''
I
35,3
36,9
38,0
38.8
36.6
Ne,,
I
t
I
t
t
t
3',2
35,2
35,8
37.5
35,5
37,6
39,6
36,9
t
t
I
J,1.4
t
27 .4
28.0
32.2
31.5
26.8
22.4
Lakeland, Fla.
Lexington, Ky,
Little Rock, Ark.
Los Angel es, Coli f.
t
37.3
36,7
38.2
37.2
36.5
32.1
27.0
Kenoshtt, Wis.
29.9
29.6
29.2
31. l
29.8
36,8
35.6
3'.5
Kl ,nath Fal 1s, Ore.
Lalce Chari es, Le.
t
t
J,1.5
37.2
33,B
37.2
33,5
33, l
40.2
37,l
42,3
36.3
31.6
J,I. 7
t
t
t
32.5
35.6
32,3
32.6
38,3
J,1.0
40.3
33,5
Joplin, Mo.
Kansas City, Mo.
t
t
36,9
t
t
36,2
36,6
37,7
36-3
37,2
38,2
35.3
31.2
33, 7
31,9
35.7
38,l
31.3
J,1.4
I
33.6
35.2
t
35, 7
37, 7
t
27.2
29.0
t
t
t
33,8
33.2
J,1.3
37,1
34,9
J,1,9
37.2
30.6
27.l
32.2
32,8
28.8
J,1.1
J,1.6
37,0
36,6
38.8
27.3
27.6
32.4
37.6
29.0
t
35.2
Digitized by
35,4
35.l
38.4
36.4
t
Google
t
269
APPENDIX C
Taole 15-MEDIAN AGE Of UNEMPLOYEO WORHRS" ON RELIEF, MAY 1934, ANO OF ALL GAINFUL
IORkERS IN TH[ GENERAL POPULATION 1930• CLASSIFIED BY SEX,
IN 19 C IT I£ 5-C on 11 nuod
--RELIEF
19, ♦
cE•sus 1930
CITY AM D STATt
lead Ing, Pa.
Roe.nester. Iii. Y.
Aoc1dora. 111
kocti: l5lan1, Ill.
Seg1na. 0 1111,h
St. LOI.tis. Mo
SL Paul, W,M
Salt lake C,t y, Utah
s.,
Diego, Ca Id.
San
Franc1$CO ,
Col if.
SchenectacJ1, N. Y.
S,.,-lton. Corvi
Shenanooan, Pa
-
S,ou. City, I
S10u111 fal Is, s. Oak.
. c.
Wa.sn1ngton, D
._eel 1ng. •· Va,
111 l11er-Sarre, Po.
W,
l'kjlton, De I.
I,.,
...... ,..,.. ....
tc•••• ..,. ,., ,111n 11,....,
,
,
.........
iI
TOTAL
MALE
F[Ml 1£
TOTAL
37.4
36.4
36-3
•0.2
39.2
311.2
38.2
37.8
42.0
31.3
2,.2
29.3
30.8
30.3
34.8
35.9
34.4
35.8
34.1
37,0
38,0
36-2
37.4
35. 7
27.9
29,8
28. 7
30.5
27.9
37.3
36.1
38.0
37 .2
)9.1
39.1
37. 7
:l6.0
37, 9
40.6
34,5
30.3
31.9
35. 7
34, 7
34.4
35.0
34,3
36.4
36,2
36,4
31.3
36-3
36.6
Jl.6
29.0
28.5
27.8
35. 9
32,0
3,.1
27. 1
2'.6
22. 7
30.2
34.0
35.0
36,9
28. 7
I
I
32.5
36.3
37 .J
35.1
35.9
35.9
37 .6
38.2
35.4
34.1
'
37 ,3
36.,'
29.9
28.6
35.2
38. 3
35.3
34. I
36.5
39.3
37.8
36-3
33.1
35. 7
23.9
32.0
35.3
35.6
34. 1
32.2
:l6.2
37.8
36,8
36.4
33. 7
29,4
24,4
29.5
J~.e
;,.o
... LE
FEliiM.LE
I
'
n.•N ,...,,.,,.,. .., .... i, . . , ••
• ,., ...... a..... ., ... , ..... , ....... ., ........ ,., iOIII Wol. ff, Ihle
i• , . . . ., •• " llflilN .,., •• is"' ·••llUle.
, .. , . . t ·""' U-G•infMI
•or•r• ...... 7Hr1 or ....
'At•,.,. .... ,., ..,. ...,.
Digitized by
Google
Tabl~ 16-AGE OF UNEMPLOYED WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 AND OF ALL GAl~FUL WORKERS I~ GE~ERAL POPULATIO~ 1930•
11,J
-.,
CLASSIFIED BY SEX IN CITIES OF OVER 25,000 POPULATION
AKRON,
AGE IN YEARS
Total:
16
18
20
25
-
liumbf"r
Percent
17
19
24
29
30 - 34
35
40
45
55
-
)9
44
:,4
64
Wedi-,n
------
TQTA.L
TOTAL
MALE
9,43:,
100.0
7,020
100.0
3,3
7.1
13.6
2. 5
5.8
12. 7
9.4
9.4
8.4
13,2
13. 2
21.1
9. 7
13.1
12.8
23.9
11.8
13.5
14.5
13,3
3, 7
14.9
11.2
13. 7
5. 7
37,8
]3.4
32.6
33,5
9.0
RELIEF 1934
CENSUS l'HO
FEMA.1.E
2,415 104,190
too.a
100.0
5.6
10.8
16.1
12.2
10.3
1.2
4.6
16. 7
16.:,
b-5
FE....._E
TOT.ll
00,658 23. 532
100.0
lu0.0
943
100.0
MALE
0.8
3,2
14.l
16.2
16.1
2.6
9.5
25. 5
18.0
13.3
5.1
8.0
17.8
15. 3
13.3
1:,,9·
12.1
1:,. 2
6.4
)4.9
11.5
7.8
8.4
3.4
28.4
11.6
MALE
714
100.0
3.5
6.4
16. l
16. 7
H.O
:,.4
12.2
10.l
14.8
6.2
Jl,4
32.6
,l,:,
14.0
BAL T I ll)RE, MAR n, ANO
Total:
0
cci"
i'j"
""
~
~
0
o~
-
~
( i)
16
18
20
25
-
17
19
24
29
30 - 34
35 - 39
'°45 --..54
:,5 - 64
Median
N...i,er
Percent
6,4
12.5
13,9
17.4
8.0
33.8
'7,. 7
12.J
9. 7
11.6
2.8
30,3
12. 7
10.6
16.0
8. 7
34,2
CENSUS I 930
FEt.iALE
_l
229
100.0
9,692
100.0
7,112
100.0
10.0
13.1
23.1
10.9
10.9
2. 2
5.0
14. /
1.6
3.5
13.0
0
2
1 6
28.8
28. 7
'
8
2:,.1
26.5
3
16.•
7.8
)4. 7
17.9
8.8
'
9.6
7.9
11.4
3.1
26. 7
13.5
11.4
17.4
9.8
35.8
10.6
8. 7
12.5
5.9
29. 7
•1'/l••U On,w of CM "'"d ISGt•• Jt)O, Population Wol. '11, St•te htihs t and MJ.
21,966 11,872 10.crn 110,284
100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0
4, 2
7. I
14.4
13.3
13.4
13.3
10. 7
16.J
7.J
34.1
3,3
6.2
12.5
11.3
11. 7
13.0
11.8
2G.2
10.0
)6.9
5.2
8.2
lo.6
1:,.8
~-3
1). 7
~-'
11. 7
4.1
Jl.4
2.2
4.6
lo.8
17 .4
14.0
13. 7
I
33.2 I
10.J
1:,.0
6.0
R~l lfl=
1~34
__
!
J6.2
2, ~20.132
h
u 1w.G
1 3
8
l
4.4
1.1
15.0
13.J
13.l
! 11,2:))
3.6
". 1
I1 14. 7
L11.1
12.8
J.6
13,9
J.6
7.0
22.0
17.8
13.0
1;.1113.6
s.7
10.J
14.:,
16.2
o.4
1.8
12.J
6. 7
11.6
4,0
31,G 2o
f
lJJ ~, :
2 9
I
i,
4:i.1s,4
29.9
_,._._2_~---
11.wJ
339'.5;4
lW,0
LJu.O
I ll>J.O
lw.o
5.\i
1.s
'.,.c
11,7
1s.3
i,0
5.J
1.9
J.8
CJ;.4
l),b
!2.2
9.0
6.0
H. l
12.2
16.9
14.J
15
13
11.4
~.:,
~
i
J .•
2,i .s
_Jo.2
:
.J3,
3,9
1•
13.l
:2.2
10,/
1
I
~2-,.-_-s-19-~--104.70,
l(JIJ.0
100.0
I,
11.I
11.6
LG.:.
J
1 "·
l _31.Z
1.4
7.3
!_l.o
I
8.4J
__2~.,
12.1
10.5
1/.2
10.!)
3~.2
I
I
:
I
J.8
f,,f)
13.4
12.9
23.4
15.6
10.4
13.3
1L7
19.v
11.8
9.5
7.8
13. 3
7.6
I
IJ.b
10.:,
18.~
10.6
eo
11
II
C.
:,;:,
!:XI
>
:z:
~
0
::t,
p;;
t>;l
::t,
Cf.I
J.l:454
14.J
H
ic.o
dOSH>H. MJ.5SACHU5€rTS
,-::.
;4.5
100.0
2.6
4. 2
1:,,4
o_ _
14.6
14 1
11.0
16. 5
7.0
4!),886
10v.o
J.O
o. 2 ,
17.8 I
1.;.1 1
IJ.6 I
II 15.J
e. 4
io.J
I 13.5
l=f."'4LE
7<J.6~
l?:" _ _3~-..:..l_22._~--l~·_!_
'
l.0
,.J
12.1 i 1_;,.,
11.0 I 9.5
18.4
l:,.J
9.1
4.4
12.5
h,.o
17.0
1.0
1
78,658
!00.0
A.:l~-:-j 12~.,0.S
wc.o I 100.0
I 1w.o
1; ;:,
CE."-SUS I ~3C
MALE-~ u I ro,~~ r ·.... E~".;;;:,c,,..
TOTAL
BIRMINGHAM, Al.ASAMA
44,912 30. 786 14,126 )44,837 247,975 %,862
100.0 100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0 100.0
4, 7
6,8
3,8
2.9
6.0
11.3
4. 2
8.0
7.0
10.0
5.5
8.8
12.8
11.6
15.5
15. 7
13.4
21. 5
14.1
14.6
12. 5
12.6
12.J
14,3
13,0
14. 5
12. 7
11.2
12. 3
13. 3
12.4
12.6
15.5
-------~ - - ---~,w-;,-:--~;;:;,, -- -----
ALBUC'UERC-uE, NE'N l!Eic:ICO
OHIO
RELIEF 19J4
0
2',;.6
1-_}1.2-~---
0
z
::t,
t:<l
....l1lt""
...,
Table 16-AGE or UNEMPLOYED •OAKEAS 0~ RELIEF IIAY 1934 ANO Of ALL GAINFUL •oRKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930•
CLASSIFIED BY SEX I~ Ctlt[S OF OVER 2~.000 POPltLAIION-Coftll.•••4
=======-============-=-=----- ------------- -. . IOliEPan. CONN.
AGE IN YEARS
RELIEF 195&
CENSUS 1910
TCJ!A~-IIIAL_E___}_E~~
I ... i ~-I~E
I
t
f--
TOTAL
N,_,,,,
17
19
24
29
34
7 .2
7 .6
13.2
11. 7
10.l
5.1
6.3
12.7
12.0
10.0
16.2
13.5
15.5
10.6
10.6
35 - 39
40 - U
45 - 5'
55 - 64
llled,.an
11.4
10.8
18.3
9, 7
11.1
11.2
20.1
10.9
9.9
8.9
10.6
4.2
13.0
11.6
16.5
9.C
14.2
13.0
18.9
10.4
9.6
8.1
9.9
5.2
12.0
1
11.5
18.81
9.3
12.51
13.0
20.8
10.11
35.1
36.7
27.2
35.0
31.3
27.4
35.6,
37.~~~4
-
'i
,.1
I
I
0
16
18
20
25
30
-
2,938
100.0
26,236
100.0
16.251
100.0
9,979
100.0
2,925
100.0
17
19
24
29
34
4.8
1,3
18.0
14, 7
12.0
4. 7
7 .6
16.8
14. 1
3.0
5.8
17 ,3
2.6
4. 7
14.9
3.6
7 .6
21.1
u.o
4 .9
7.0
19.4
15.3
12.0
27.1
27.3
26.9
7.0
8.0
16.9
14 .0
10. 9
5.6
6.9
15.4
13. 7
9. 7
8.6
9.4
18.8
14.4
12.2
U.2
8.4
l!i.5
7, 1
10.6
9,3
16.6
8.3
14.0
7 ,4
14.2
5.8
24.3
25.6
22.0
15.3
7.2
16.4
8.5
13.6
5.2
13.5
9,2
13.2
7 ,3
12.7
10.4
14 .9
10.7
32.5
33.0
31.8
33.8
35.2
31.5
31.9
34.3
14.4
7. 7
11.3
3.2
29.6
Q_
0-
55 - 64
0
Meai~n
'<
0
-
~
( i)
4.4
3,237
100,0
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 5'
""
i'j"
CD
10.0
6.3
11.8
6, I 7S
100.0
lilu"l>er
Percent
.,'fu•., .. a....
_ _ _ _ _ _ auTTE,
:
I
I
230,2561173.5~ 56,7,a
100.0
100.0
100.0
I
2.7 I
5.7 I
l!i.3:
13.9 I
13.0
4.0
8.9
6.7
17.9
l!i,8 I 23.0
11.0
7.8
8.71' 6.6
9.5 !
9.ol
7.4
9.7
10.7120.Si
5.3
10.6 1
34.l!J___36~~ 28_,C>_
34.8 I
9.1
8.4
I0.2Ll.l
22.1
12.8
11.8
6.5
I
13.3
11.31
16.01
8.8
'
1
I
14.51
12.6 1
l7.8i
10.0 I
31.l
1,593 1.332
100.0 100.0
36.850
100.0
0,:
CHICAGO,
3,0
5.5
19. 7
2.6
16.4
3.9
8.2
26.0
33.0
33,0
32.9
21.8
24,0
17. 7
12.2
4,8
14 .0 :
6.0'
8,7
2.5
31.6
33.2
I
28.6
4,0
I
l 24 ·6i1
r21 .o11
L
I
21.0•1
10.4
'
1C,57o:
100.0
3,192
IJO.O
1.2!
2.3'
10.\,
f
j'
L24 • 2
3.2
8.1
21.l
'
,l
} 6 ·"!
, _i
28 5
l
:J
22.4,
11.2,
, 19 _51
~
"ti
"ti
14.8
6.1
:z:
~:_I_L _ _3~.~
,
31.6
I LL.
>
t,:]
....><
0
0
139.820 9!!,520 ~1.200
100.0 100.0
100.0
I
I
17,7MI
100.0,
1.5 1
3,C
1
12.1
25~1-
!
24,148 12, 712
100.0 100.0
rE•SUS 1910
I
C,t!U I 1,410
100.0 : 100.0
5.1
9.2'
17.41
10.3 ,
8.2
i
5.7 I
11.0 1
2C.4
15.0
11.0
MOJIT,
IFE .. LE~~~--=-:-~ ..!___ rf:(~_Li:
I
6,25'
100.0
I
1.11
j.9
12.3•
13.5
13,1'
+
AELIEF 19:14
CHA~LOTTE, N. C.
CHARLESTON, S. C.
Total:
CE•SUS 1910
I
61.32C U,571 116,753 30,170 1 23,l80 6,790
100.0 I 100.0
100.0
100.0 100.0 I 100.0
3.2
8.1
C,9
3.6 1 9.6
6.6
4.6
U.1
8.4
6.51 15.0
lC.8
11.8
22.8
15.2
13.1: 22.5
12.2
11.7
13.6
10.0
9.8 10-5
11.6
U.2
10.0
9,91
10.0, 9.9
913
100.0
16
18
20
25
30
cci"
T
AEL1Ef 19:14
3,948
100.0
Percent
!
T~~-+-~lE-tFE~~7or;~I "'~~EWA~_!_o~-r- ..,.~
14 .861
1100.0
Total:
---=, - - - - - - - - - - --- --_-_ -- ----=--==-=--~
9uFFAL0, •• Y.
1,514,135
100.0
1,114.369 399, 756
100.0
100.0
5.4
7 .2
11.2
10.5
11.3
3.9
5.B
9.9
9. 7
10.8
9.2
10.5
14 .5
12. 7
12.3
2.5
5.5
15.8
14. 9
13,4
1.8
3. 8
12 ,8
14.4
13.9
5.1
10.5
24.1
16.3
11.8
12. 7
12.8
19.9
8.9
36, I
12.9
13.9
22. 7
10,4
12.4
10.1
13.1
5.2
13.6
11.4
1~.4
1.4
14 .6
12 ,5
17 .5
8.5
10.7
7.8
9. 7
4.0
38.8
31.3
34 .l
~-1
28.2
of u, , .. u •• lk:lc .. UJO. l'Opul&lion Yol. YI. State hol .. t and 10.
I\)
-J
.....
Table 16-AGE OF UNEMPLOYEO WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 ANO OF ALL GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930"
CLASSIFIED BY SEX IN CITIES OF OVER 25,000 POPULATION-Conlln••d
CINCINNATI, OHIO
AGE IN YEARS
RELIEF 193,4
TOTAL
Total:
Numoer
Percent
22,505
100.0
MALE
FEMALE
TOTAL
14,847 7,658
100.0 100.0
193,830
100.0
MALE
RELIEF 1934
FEMALE
TOTAL
MALE
""
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
FEMALE
CENSUS 19~0
FEMALE
TOTAL
FEMALE
TOTAL
MALE
40,390
100.0
30. 900
100.0
9,410
100.0
676,177
100.0
537,068
100.0
139. 109
100,0
MALE
-
17
19
24
29
34
3,2
6.5
12.0
14. l
12.B
2.4
6.3
11.3
12. 0
12.9
4.6
7.0
13.5
18.2
12.6
2.3
5,1
15.2
13.9
12,3
1.9
3. 7
12.8
13.6
12.8
3.6
8.9
21.3
14. 7
10.9
4.5
9.0
12.8
10.3
10.8
3.1
6.9
11.2
9.8
10.2
8.2
14 .5
17.3
11.a
12.2
2. 7
6.0
16.1
13.8
12.8
1.9
4 .2
13.1
13.3
13,3
5.0
11.6
24.9
15. 1
11.5
6.1
8.4
9.6
6.9
8. 7
3.3
5.4
8.0
6,5
8.6
15.2
18.1
15.0
8.4
8.9
1.9
4. 7
15.6
16. 7
15.4
1.2
3.2
13,l
16.5
16.1
4.3
10.5
25.1
17. 7
12. 7
35
40
45
55
-
39
44
54
64
12.8
11.4
17.8
9.4
12.4
12. 1
19.5
ll. l
37. l
13. 7
10. l
14 .4
5.9
12. 7
10.9
17 .3
10.3
13.4
11. 7
18.7
11.4
10. 7
8.9
13.6
7.4
12.9
12.4
18.9
8.4
13.5
13. 7
21.6
10.0
11.3
8. 7
11.6
4.4
13.9
11. 7
16.0
7,0
14 .9
12.9
18.2
8.2
10.9
7.9
9.5
3,6
12,6
15.0
23.6
9.1
12.0
9.8
10.2
2.4
15.2
11.6
13.6
5.3
16,3
12. 7
15.0
5.9
32.6
35.5
36.9
30.7
36.0
38.2
29.3
34.5
36.4
27 .9
39.l
12.8
16.6
27.6
11.2
41.6
26.0
33.6
34.9
10.A
7.3
8.4
3.2
27.8
Total:
i'j"
MALE
139,881 53.946 54,712 39. 774 14,938 385,286 287,586 97.700
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
100.0
100.0 100.0
35.5
EL PASO, TEX,
DULUTH, Ml NN.
0
TOTAL
1934
16
18
20
25
30
Median
cci"
RELIEF
CENSUS 19~0
FEMALE
-.J
I\)
DETROIT, MICH,
CLEVELAND, OHIO
CENSUS 1930
I\)
Nurrcer
Percent
4,510
100.0
3.508
100.0
1.002
100.0
41,011
100.0
30,421 10,590
100.0 100.0
4,155
100.0
2,690
100.0
1,465
100.0
39,067
100.0
1.110
100.0
867
100.0
243
100.0
16
18
20
25
30
-
17
19
24
29
34
3.2
6.6
16.3
12 .5
10.8
2.1
5.0
14.5
12 .2
11.5
7,0
12.1
22 .9
13,5
8.3
1.9
5.4
14. 7
12.6
12.1
1.4
3.3
10.6
11.4
12.4
3.4
11,4
26. 7
16.1
10.9
5.3
8.1
14.9
14 .3
12.2
3.9
6. 7
13.9
14.0
11.8
8.0
10.6
16. 7
14.8
13,0
3.2
5.5
16.3
14,9
12.8
2. 7
4.6
14.6
14 .8
12.9
4.3
8.0
20.6
15.2
12 .5
5. 7
6.3
13.1
11.3
10.2
4.6
5.8
12.8
10. 7
10,3
9.5
8.2
14 ,4
13.2
9.9
35
40
45
55
-
39
10.5
10. 7
19.l
10.3
10.8
11,6
20.8
11.5
37 .2
9.5
7.5
13.2
6.0
27 .9
12.8
12 .2
18.3
10.0
36.3
14.l
13.8
21.0
12 .0
38.9
9.3
7.5
10.5
4.4
27 .6
11.2
9.2
16.8
8.0
11.6
9.5
18.9
9. 7
10.6
8.5
13.0
13.1
10,9
15.9
7.4
13.4
11.4
17.1
8.5
12 .2
9.8
12. 7
4, 7
33.0
34.9
30.0
33.9
35.1
30, 7
12 .2
10.3
19.6
11.3
36.4
13.4
10.9
20.0
11.5
37.2
8.2
7.8
18.5
10.3
32.4
44
54
64
Median
35.3
,.,1'/J•u.'11 C•uw oJ ,,.. ldteit ,haiH 19'0, l'opulation Vol. YI, Shlf! f•tt1u t and 10.
4.81
t:J;j
►
:z
C
0
:;:1:1
:,,;
c,;i
:;11:1
Cll
EN1i) 1 OKLA.
27 .993 11.094
100.0 100.0
c:::
:::ti
9.989
100.0
7,409
100.0
2,580
100.0
2 .1
4,5
17.4
1.6
3.0
14.0
3.B
8.9
26.9
29.2
29.9
27 .0
21.8
23.4
17.1
16.1
8.9
18.0
10.1
33.9
35. 7
10.9
5.4
28.8
0
:z
:;11:1
t:<l
t""'
1.-.;J
"z:I
T•ble 16-A~E OF UNE~PLOY[O lt()qw[q5 ON RELi[< IUY 19H l~D OF lll GAINFUL WORKERS IN GENERll POPULlTIO~ 1910•
CLASSl<IED BY SEX IN CITIES OF OVER 15,000 POPULAIION-Co•ll•••~
I
[VA .. SVIU[.
AGE 11111 YflqS
TC"tal:
In
IA
70
75
10
-
N,,..,..,
Pprc•nt
17
19
74
RELIEF
3•
tr. 0
15 - 19
!O. 5
q_ ~
P.1
4S - 5'
~r.. - F,.i
l!.6
JA. I
ID. I
12.1
20.?
I?. 1
10.8
B.9
6.0
\tej i "'"'
;i;.l
17 . .?
32. I
0
0
-
~
( i)
?Al
100.0
12. 70C
100. 0
? • 101
l('(\,0
:('o'l.0
1.1
5.7
16. l
2.0
3. 7
l.2
0,4
2.0
11.,
7-4.l
14. 7
1.9
3. 5
12.~
!6.1
17. 7
I?. I
1,.6
l.?
z. z
15. 5
11.,
14. l
II. Z
9.1
'· 7
ll. 5
11.4
10. l
B. I
21.9
IB.4
10.6
6. 7
11.3
I 7, 7
II.'
10. 7
9.0
11.B
5.B
9.1
10. 1
19.1
1'.7
9.8
10.B
?0. 1
16.0
5. 7
7.8
12. 7
8.1
36.5
19.1
36. 7
18. 5
:15.B
"·'
14.0
12. 5
13,0
12. ~
10.,
16.2
9.J
3,_ 7
13.~
1.A
).9
11.5
l.8
10.4
25.9
74.6
24.5
77.B
23. 1
21.4
28.B
29.6
?6.6
2,.0
25.0
20.,
21.1
23.5
21.6
2'2.0
1,.0
16.6
1B.9
11.2
?0.1
12. 1
1'.1
7,1
19.6
11.C
20.9
12. 7
15. 7
5. 5
1~,. lj
9.0
17.0
10. 2
11.1
5.6
36. 7
17.9
31, 7
36.6
38.0
31.6
11.B
JS. 5
?8. 7
INC.
J ACKSOk. MI SS.
1. 3
7. 1
22.8
IQ.fi
ll.7
4.1
6.5
11.9
12.0
11.4
6.6
7.9
13.4
12.•
11.5
1.9
1.6
J.4
12. I
11.6
13.4
2.8
7,8
71.0
15. 7
12. 3
4.7
6.1
11. 3
15.9
13.2
3.1
5. 5
10.6
s.,
2. 2
4.6
19.5
1.9
3. 7
16.3
7.6
6.,
75.6
32.6
32.9
32.1
11.0
11.2
18.7
10.8
11.7
11.2
18.0
13.6
5.6
)2. 3
15.2
6.6
10.5
).9
35. 9
12.9
0,9
IS.8
a. 1
)4.0
2).4
?0.2
13. 3
II. 7
1q_3
11.6
17.2
11.1
9. 3
11.4
6.6
l3. A
12.,
11.2
IA. 7
5.9
)4.2
21.9
6.8
11. Q
8.0
J. 9
3. 5
33.5
29.B
15.0
lr .A
14.9
11.a
13. 3
36. 7
,.6
, •. 7
1'.7
13.1
12. 7
11.0
I 7.6
10.2
15.6
31.1
13.9
6. 7
16.0
lA. 4
12.6
1,.2
8.8
19.0
11.4
11.5
11.0
17.4
6.0
16.2
31.4
13.5
►
"ti
"ti
tr.I
:z:
0
......
X
(')
7,?A9
-..~::1 i,,,
l?. s
2. l
5.6
16.B
1',073
100.0
4S - 5•
5S - 64
s.a
11.1
9.1
10.R
l~.9
'::. 7
21. 367
100.0
n.o
I 5.61
1!.A
?.R
,.6
1.110
100.0
13_,
?0.99
11.
37.4
17. n~
100.0
I. 156
100.0
P.A
10. 7
A. s
13. 7.
100.0
FEMALE
7, ;>61;
100.0
13.0
9.R
IA.0
a. 3
40 - 114
JS,?:>('
100.0
7 .n
3.8
15.,
17.,
15. 2
11.4
10.0
ll.S
'7,9,R
100.0
U,979
2.1
,s - 10
I. 27 7
lfO.O
112,?73
100.0
6.6
1.2
11. S
13.0
13.6
~
J.!¥'11
IC'C.C
7. 5
R.9
n.1
5.110
100.0
,. 3
7.0
17.?
157. 2s2
100.0
1.4
5. S
10. 5
10.a
13. 5
3C - 34
-E
6. ,A?
100.0
•• 7
6.?
13. 3
I 2. I
11.6
•.P
TOTAL
TOTAL
17,789
100.0
16.q~
!OC.0
!7.5
17. a
14.8
19,0
Flt,l,l,L£ I
FOUlE
19,?71
100.0
,. 9
7,0
12.4
12.7
11.,
Clfi,451
100.0
r-.rcf>nt
CENS.US
... ,E
INOIANAPOLIS.
111,411
100.0
~Ll""'~r
a.,
TEX.
S.f[,7
100.0
75 -
~
~
1, l91
100.0
B.197
1no.o
16 - 17
Id - 19
?0 - 24
i'j"
""
1,67,
100.0
13,0().1
100.n
Tot-.1:
0
10,q,o
100.0
9.99'1
100.0
19.900
100.0
6. 7
l«:)USTOJ11 0
cci"
""LE
•?
)9
~c - u
TOUL
1nn.o
IND.
19",,4
---
FEWALE
lf'(".1"'1
q_, I
Rfl IH'
IQ~
..ALE
,o.a:,o
6. S
12.F
I I. 1
10. 1
~OAT flTIII[,
CENSUS
muL
:,, ('(\A
7. S
11. Q
11. 8
••!>H.
19}4
FEMALE
1. 1qs
5. ',CJ
l(Y),0
RHIEF
"'LE
TOT,1,l
liULE
~- 1
CENSUS 19)0
FEWAL[
TJU..L
EvEAETT,
1110.
19}4
100.0
°'11/&o'lt/t. f.'otvw oJ iu l'IHd Jtoto 1,,0, rop11l,tio" Yol. '1, Stlll l" r,01u, ,tncl 10.
I\)
-..,
\),j
Table 16-AGE OF UNEl!PLOYEO WORKERS ON RELIEF MAY 1934 ANO OF ALL GAINFUL WORKERS IN ~E'•E~AL POPULATION 19;o•
I\)
CLASSIFIED BY SEX IN CITIES OF OiER 25,0uo POPULATION-Continued
-.I
JOPLIN. MO.
AGE
CENSUS 1930
RELIEF 1934
Number
MALE
12,464
9,210
100.0
wo.o
3,194
100.0
2.J
4. 7
1.8
3.6
12.0
3.8
7. 7
21. 2
651
100.v
6.9
9. 7
15. 7
'-'· 2
10.6
5.5
9.1
10.0
16. 2
12.8
10.5
14.6
lC.9
10.8
40 - 44
45 - 54
55 - 64
9. 1
8.9
15.2
11. 7
9. 1
9.J
15.0
l,c.5
9.2
1.8
15.8
9.8
Median
32.0
3J. l
Jl.6
16
l8
20
25
JO
-
17
19
24
29
>4
35 - 39
RELIEF
FE..-ALE
TOTAL
l, 5,0
100:0
Percent
._.Al(
FEMALE
2,171
100.0
Total:
I
KANSAS CITY, ',IQ,
IN YEARS
TOT4L
l!.1
14.4
24.6
,4.1
24.2
,j.1
24.4
W.5
18.9
20. 2
l<.O
lJ.3
15.2
8.4
36.8
.38. 2
32.2
TOTAL
12,Jtl
100.0
5.1
5.6
FEM-'LE
tlEL ! FF
Ff)"AL=
TOT._L
',IA.LE
55, "/61
!UO.,J
j,1.flS
1\JG.V
7,468
lOu.v
5,6
1,. I
cl.4
n.u
lo.8
J. 7
l.l
lf,.7
9.J
7.~
16.~
l'J,j
6.b
7. 7
8.1
J.2
22.4
l86,5d
100.0
100.0
IC-0.u
130,160
lW.0
7 .8
7.8
1.8
4.0
14 .5
14. 7
JJ.5
1.5
2.:J
ll.9'
l;.~
lJ.o
2.5
6.~
LC.:>
lo.O
)J. 1
1),6
11.4
17.J
9.l.
14. l
1'.J
19.0
lv.b
12.3
Y.4
18.0
7 .4
5. 7
9.0
34./
35.6
JI .2
31.~
)4.0
10.1
11.8
11.6
22.0
12.5
11. 7
11.5
l4 .o
15.1
38.3
40.2
10.6
u.a
12.8
12.0
11.a
CE~SUS l',HO
t,,IALE
4.151
J.8
193.t
TOTAL
8, lib
4.5
10.8
9.e
b. 7
10.1
10.6
KENOSHA, WIS.
CH1SUS 1930
193,A.
MALE
.c:
9.0
l(;.J
19.,
1}.4
J.2
10.~
22.0
11.J
J7. l
F'EYI.LE
TOUL
6,0
100.0
19,564
l(IJ.v
15,417
10\l.U
4, l47
luO.G
15.0
1.7
5. 7
15. 7
1.0
J. 7
12.J
•.3
12.9
.iis.O
,8.J
ii).
7
27 .2
i5.~
28.J
17 .1
15.6
7 .1
34.5
17.8
i:t.2
7 .4
J.1
26.8
ll.J
4.0
i:-EMALE
IJALE
Jo. 5
c:::
::,:,
ti:,
>
z
~
0
::,:,
~
r,tJ
::t:I
LOS ANGELES, CAL IF.
LEXINGTOII, KY.
Total:
0
cci"
""
i'j"
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
2,266
100.0
Nul'llb~r
Percent
1,416
100.0
30 - 34
4 .8
5.6
14.0
12.J
12.9
4.2
4.9
13.8
11.5
11.~
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 54
55 - 64
~ier,
ll.3
11.5
18.8
8.8
35.2
12.0
21.3
W.4
16
l8
20
25
-
17
19
24
29
,,,, .... ,. CH . .
•I
w.o
35.9
8~
100.0
5.9
6.8
14.2
l;l.7
14.5
lJ.4
10. 7
14.6
6.2
33. 3
19,338
100.0
2.2
4.1
l;l.6
25.4
13.004
100.0
2.2
J.6
12.2
25.3
6.334 68,390
100.0
100.0
2. 2
5.0
16.4
25. 7
48,770
100.0
1. 2
4. 7
11.6
12. 7
lJ.3
0.8
J.6
10.0
,.1
7.4
15. 7
0.8
J.j
lJ.2
o. 7
l..6
1,.5
15.J
14.1
12.8
13.J
u.O
13.1
2lll_ 15.8
12.0
7 .9
13. 7
1.:.0
lb.4
9. 2
14,()
12.6
19. 5
9.9
36.2
37. 2
13.J
~: I
24.8
24.2
19.2
10.9
35.9
20. l
11.8
37. 7
17 .4
9,1
12.9
1'.8
20.0
10.8
35.3
37.5 ~_!!.8
34.6
5, ,35
100.ll
400, /02 lo9,2JiJ
100.0
100.0
11.5
14.9
14.J
24.6
u. hUd llolu 19)0, Population vol, YI, ~lat• latitn t and 10.
19,620 559,940
100.0
100.0
LITTLE ROCK, ARK.
1.'
2.ti
5.1
11.3
16.J
lJ.b
~.4
14.0
l,.~
1,l.O
J.090
ICi0.0
2,14:,
ll.JO.O
1.8
J.)
12.8
l~.6
12. l
15.9
lJ.J
14.4
3. 7
11.6
15. 2
s.o
35,278
100.0
2.J
6.J
2,.6
't!B.1
21. 7
JQ.4
24 .0
25.4
21.3
18. 7
9.4
12.5
4.6
Jt,.J
31.2
kO
9.3
20.9
;2. 5
14. l
6.1
16.6
7. 7
__}l-_l___ _35.6
38.0
JJ. 2
}1.4
1.4
1,.078
100.0
l. 7
).5
13.6
18.2
9.~
I
2J. 200
100.0
1.9
4 .•
16. 7
JJ.1
l(J.9
lj.0
10.5
13.o'i
Cf,)
0
z
::,:,
r,tJ
t""
H
tzl
"%j
Tobie 16-AGE OF UNEIIPLOYEO WORKERS ON RELIEF IIAY 1934 uo OF All GAINFUL •oRlE>I~ IN ,;r,(Q4L PCP\'LATIC~ 1910•
CLASSIFIED BY SEX IN CITIES OF OV[ij 7~.000 POPtLATIC~-!.'on11, .. d
=========::::;===================..:;::==.::_~-:--=----=-=----- ~--=....:..-=- .:-:. _:- ~:_LYNN. WASS.
AGE IN YEARS
Total:
16
18
20
25
-
30 -
-··
Percent
11
19
24
29
34
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 54
55 - ~
Medi1.n
r--._ •~LIEF
I
I
tULE
4,351
100.0
3.loe
100.0
~-9
4.1
9.0
13.7
10.0
10.2
6.9
12.6
10.7
11.5
11. 7
10.1
11.9
12.7
10.51
IA.?
12.8
35. 5
36.EI
17 .6
~E•~~JO,-~'.- _ ";''.EF .'.~~~--
19;•
TOTAi.
.. IJi(H[~ Tl",
FEMM.£1
GAl.E
T'JTAI.
I 4•.895
100.0
100.0:
I 1.2,3
2.3
4.6
14.9,
12.9
11.•
1.9
3.3
3.6
7.1
1
11.9
n.6
12.5
14.0
11.6
10.!
9.1
15.9
9.8
12.3
11.1
18.8
11.7
12.9 I
11.9:
20.5 I
13.0
10.9'
9.0;
9.1 I It.I
15.0117.0 I
8.5
10.5 ·
30.s
36.5
Js.2!
31.9.
,
9.4 1
I
1
I
I
5.8 1 1•.2
8.1
7.9,
l•.I
17.1
IC.I
10.~
:a.~ I 1.6
9.?
8.0 I
15.1'
1,).> I
I
,
,.e:
,
e.2
II 4
18.2
12.3
33_1j
I
J5.0j
Total:
18,648 1',553
100.0
100.0
Percent
IC.5
l~.5
14.4
6.b
1.~
1.7
--~
i
29.9L
14.4
,, 1
- ·
•
-,-
l
?4 C •
?•
'
IC ➔
IC.H,
!'.I
5
-·
IQ.>
I
---,- -
!OC.O
!'36,><(.0
ICO.O
).•
""~i
0
cci'
i'j'
""
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
3.5
6.4
11.5
10.0
11.1
1.0
4. 7
9. 7
9.9
12.0
8. 7
12.5
18.1
10.4
7.9
1.9
4 .9
IS.a
14.0
13.0
1.5
3.2
11.6
12.5
13.4
2.61
8.7,
24.7
17. I
12.2
5.2
G.! 1
11.7 ·
12.8
13. 5
•.21
<.O
10.8
12. 7
13.5
7.1
10.1
13.3
11.1
13. 2
35 - 39
12.8
12 .0
55 - 64
12.2
11. 5
11.6
12.2
14.0
10.1
9. 7
16.B
5.8
13.2
11.6
16.5
9.1
13.8
12 .2
21. l
7.6
38.0
39.6
30.2
35. 2
10.4
8.1
11.0
5.0
29.0
13. 7
12 .o
18.5
6.~
Median
U.5
13.7
19.0
11.0
37. 7
35.3
36. 7
-
~o -
44
•5 - 54
•n,,.,.,.u
en-,
of
22.9
14• ,.,, . . l&•&:u 1,,0, l'opula\1on
'iol.
Yt,
Ital•
Tat,IH t •O
: l ._
♦ --TGTAt,.
,,s::,_,: ;,,_,~!
I
?• •
"'.•3
ll.~
IL~
'
:.-.!
l".7
l.'.4
::·.,
11. ►~
:•. t
P.l
1 '.J
l'.4
P.~
21 .
ll.1
II.?
l'.I !
!i, 1,
1?.•
lt,.7 I
,,.,,
'!.• I
".R'
5.(.
1 ,tl i
:n.1
}.l
.,
1uj__ ,,.,l
I
1.'.5
:,. 7
l'.. 1
__ li.~..L_7c,_l____
------------------r- --
100.•
·"'?i-;_1~~r_~!9f.,•.)JL
: 'l9_:1~-.4i,1t ...
: 1.Jr.o
'
1co.o:
,oc.c
5.1'
I
1,7
70.6
)_,:
1o1.'l
:•.~
11.9
12.G
12.1
1
13.::> ·
1,C.O
10.9
I
11.9 'I
1~.9,
7.1
n.6
10.•
8.4
J
1.?
8.1
3.2
16.61
27.0
2.
~.J
'•'
16.0
15.4
13.3
lU
15.
13.'
13.4
11.9
13.2
4. 7
12 .9
10.2
IS. 7
7.9
11.'J
11.- l
10. · u ·9.o
16.' ,
12.e
5.9
8. I
32.•
33.8
3•' i
J
I 1co.o
:.3
5.o
i.2.~
'.2.1
12.•
•. ,
3,2,
I
30:~
10.0
IJ.b
2c,,i,
l•.2
ll.<
T -
1.1
~P-''4 £
-:.2. 7iJ~
1,:~-- .0
I..
~.9 ;
0
4
1
: ;: .:
2. l
;1,('
,.:;.'.!,:_"
-~
p,~_~!-1
~r.._~_r
1•..)_ J,
.•J ~
W41. £
t~f..,~_+-
lX1.~ I h"l:.t.1,
1
17
19
24
29
34
16
18
20
25
30
•1 ~-
11 \I.
NU,. Y(iQt<,
i ;p, 70,
I
' .. I
l~.9
LR'
35.7L'F.. 1i
-.---~-- 7 - ·- - - 1 · - - - -
Ill.~11 I 7,\47
I
\(\1.0 :
I
.L
100.('
•. ,
'f
I
lt I H
2'.'?! ' 1a.11,2
•.. ,
c:
.c:
,..
I
HEW ORl..E'.U.S, LA,
•.095 207. 978 139.648 65.700 2C.95A
100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0
IO<l.O
I
•.I
::.3
'1
~
+!'~A/.._t., __!IJT~
2,168 1 1.4(2 I
7~
3:.~:>s I ll.·'"C 11,77~
100.0: 100.C l 100.0: 1,:'C.0: hX:.f,; l~.J
WINNEAPOL IS, MINN.
Nu"ftbe-r
+-"'"'-i:.
i
30.~13."2
lOC.0
100.0
1
WIL•A!'~d.. ,
M.
~---- c,,,.,, ·•~
~-"4~.!2_T~--"~~-~t"""-E,.._!lH.~
1
10.1
U.2
16.4
8.3
5.8
Ill.
•. 0
l l.9
:? .t
! ... :
27 .0
!•; i
1-t.2
lC. ~
!3.7
°.~
'I.a
"·'
l'.4
e.9
9.<
~-9
''·~-~---~•.1l_n.?_
M,
tz:l
z
....><
C,
(")
'f.
-·
>
"1:l
"1:l
-
·- ---,----
°:1,047:0.:~12,;r.(),rf7:~6.lf:l
l"'-'.L'
t00.c
J.)'.].O
I
3.2 I
(.0 I
I
2.2
tc.e
13.~
JS.4
n.•
U.8
u.3
I
,
~-B
11.1
?b.l
16. 7
10.9
12.l
14.C
1
9.~
11.9 !'
11.0
8.3 I
9.2
~3~----2~..J
?7.l
I
:r.~
1•.~
7.1 ,
4.2
1
1
1
t.9
,.o
10.
I\)
---1
1.:11
Tabl• lt-AGE OF UNEijPLOYEO NORKERS ON RELIEF ijAY 1934 AND OF ALL GAINFUL NORKERS IN GENERAL POPULATION 1930"
f\)
-.,I
CLASSIFIED BY SEX IN CITIES OF OVER 25,000 POPULATION-Conllnue~
NCRFOLK, YA.
AGE IN YEARS
rtrLIEF 1934
TOTAL
Total:
Humoer
Per-cent
FEMALE
4,867
100.0
FEMALE
TOTAL
MALE
2,400
100.0
2,467
100.0
58,390
100.0
42,008
100.0
16,382
100.0
5.3
7 .2
13.4
9.4
10.5
5.1
5.8
14.8
13.1
13.1
2. 7
6.0
15. 7
14.3
13.l
2. 7
6.0
14.3
13.6
13.l
15.3
10.6
15.4
6.8
34,3
13.5
11.0
16.1
7.6
34,3
16
18
20
25
30
-
17
19
24
29
34
5.2
6.5
14 .1
11.2
11.9
35
40
45
55
-
39
U
54
64
14.0
10.9
16.8
9,4
12. 7
11.2
18.3
12.0
35.4
36.6
Median
OAK LANO, CAL IF.
RELIEF 1934
CENSUS 1930
MALE
°'
TOTAL
""LE
OSHKOSH, WIS.
FEMALE
TOTAL
7 .131
100.0
4,857
100.0
2,274
100.0
120,ffi4
100.0
2.B
6.0
19.3
16.2
13.0
2.2
6.5
12.3
11.9
10,9
1.5
5.5
11.1
12.2
10.9
3.B
8. 7
14 .6
11.3
11.1
13,4
13.5
11.3
16.9
8.6
13.5
10.5
13.8
4.9
13.5
13.6
20,3
8.8
13.2
13.5
21.9
10.2
35.1
32,2
37.3
38.4
PATERSON, N. J.
RELIEF
CENSUS 1930
MALE
FEMALE
90,784 30,070
100.0 100.0
CENSUS 1930
1934
TOTAL
MALE
FEMlLE
TOTAL
MALE
1,765
100.0
1,283
100.0
482
100,0
15,306
100.0
11,362
100.0
3,944
100.0
1.3·
FEt.&o\LE
1.2
6.9
20,2
14.9
12.3
3,2
9.0
16. 7
13.3
11.6
2.2
7 .2
15.2
12.9
12.1
6.0
13.5
20. 7
14.5
10.0
1.8
6.1
16. 7
13.6
3.0
11.5
25.9
:;:.:,
13.4
12.9
0. 7
2. 7
11.2
12.9
13.1
25. 7
25.B
25.3
►
14. I
13.9
16,8
5, 7
13.5
12.3
19.9
10.0
14.0
13. l
21.4
10.9
8.8
9.9
16.5
11.0
9.1
10.6
17 .5
13.2
23.0
17. 7
16.2
11.9
18.0
14.1
10.9
5. 7
::a
37.1
38.4
33.4
35.2
B.l
8.1
13,9
5.2
28.4
21.n
35.1
12.0
10.1
15.1
7.3
32,R
34.9
37 .2
28.8
:;:.:,
0.8
3.0
PITTSB~H, PA.
4.2
c:::
tJj
z
-=
0
~
e,:,:,
en
POAH.ANO, MA I NE
0
Total:
0
cci"
i'j"
""
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
N"1'10er
Percent
3,545
100.0
2,625
100.0
920
100,0
60.265
100.0
43,788
100.0
16,477 55,524 41. 762
100.0 100.0 100.0
13 .762 269,534
100.0
100.0
201,105 68,429
100.0 100.0
16
18
20
25
30
-
17
19
24
29
34
7 .2
7.0
11.1
9.1
10,8
5.3
5.6
10.4
8.7
10.2
12. 7
10.9
13.3
10.4
12.6
4,3
6.1
16.2
13.4
12.2
2.9
4.3
13.0
13,3
12.9
7.8
11.1
24. 7
13.9
10.3
3.6
7.5
14 .9
12.3
11.8
2.4
5.5
13.0
12. 1
11.8
7.3
13.8
20.8
12. 7
11. 7
3.2
5.9
15.8
13. 7
12.5
12. 7
13.4
13.3
6.1
11.4
25.0
14.6
10.0
35
40
45
55
-
39
44
54
64
11.6
12,3
19. 7
11.2
37,1
11. 7
13,3
21.8
13.0
39,2
11.1
9.5
13.5
6,0
12.1
10,6
16.1
9.0
13.5
12.5
19.9
9.3
36,9
9.3
9.4
11.6
3,4
34.1
9.5
7.5
10.2
5.0
27.3
12.4
11. 7
17.9
7.9
31,l
13,0
11.8
18,3
10.5
36,4
12 .6
10.7
16.8
8.8
34,6
13. 7
11.8
18.8
10.0
36,6
9.4
7 .5
10.8
5.2
27.6
Median
8
1'f& .. flll C•111• of IM l•U•d lsa,u 19)0, Popul•tion ¥ol. fJ, State Tables t and 10.
34.9
28.2
2.2
4.1
2,122
100.0
1.602
100.0
520
100.0
4,6
7.8
16.0
13.5
11,4
3.6
5.6
14 .5
14.5
12.6
7, 7
14.6
20.8
10.4
7. 7
9.4
11.8
17.9
7.6
9.8
12.0
'19.5
7.9
8.1
11.l
13, I
6,5
33,5
34. 7
28,3
28,655
100.0
19,955
100,0
8,700
100.0
1.8
14.6
1,4
3.4
11.9
2.6
7.4
21.0
24.6
24.1
25. 7
22.5
24.0
18.9
18.9
13.0
37,0
20.4
14.8
38.8
15.4
4 .6
9.0
32.4
z:
:;:.:,
tz;I
t""
e,:,:,
~
T•ol• 16-AGE OF U~EYPLOYEO #ORKERS O• RELIEF WAY 1H4 bO OF ALL GAINFUL WORKERS IN G£,ERAL POPULATION 1930•
CLASSIFJfO BY SEX 1• CITIES Of OVER 25,0UO POPULATJON-Conll•••a
PROVl:XMCE, RHOC\E ISL•ND
AGE IN YE.AAS
Total:
~~:t
MA.LE
1U,u86
100,0
7, l36
lOu.O
- 39
- 44
- :,4
- 64
~dian
FE WALE
I ror AL
r
6. 2
7. 4
9.1
l4.8
1
10. 7
10.2
13.I
10.9
10.8
ll. 7
lo.4
7. 9
ll.8
12.6
18.J
8. 7
33,4
~-6
l0.4
READING,
CENSUS 19)J
1934
TOTAL
a. 4
16 - 17
18 - 19
20 - 24
25 - l:l
30 - 34
35
40
45
55
RELIEF
2. 850 1106. 934
100. 0 , 100. 0
13.9
4.4
lJ.5
6.2
15.3
12.4
17.7
10.2
9.8
IW..E
l FEWAL.E
72,490
100.0
34,444
J.2
7.0
9.9
22.3
l3. 7
9.8
4,4
11.3
12.0
ll.8
12.0
9.1
11. 7
5. 7
11.6
10.4
17. 7
10. 7
12. 7
11.7
19.9
1.1.3
27.4
35.2
37.6
8.4
RELIEF
100.U
9.2
I
...._E
FE-.E
5,283
100.0
4,120
100.0
4,4
~-9
5.1
12.2
lU. 7
4.0
9.8
11.8
10.2
16
18
20
25
0
cci"
i'j"
""
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
-
17
19
24
29
)) - 34
35 - )I
~umb~r
Percent
FEWAL.E
1.163
100.0
47,719
100.0
Joi, 258
lJ,461
100.0
11.2
6.8
13.o
13.3
12.3
5.1
6.6
15.6
12.6
11.0
4.~
llJ.8
,.a
13.0
12. l
11.5
22.J
13.8
9.9
15.3
10.3
9.0
11. l
10.J
16.9
10.8
11. 9
11.4
19. l
12.4
9.1
7. 5
11.0
6. 7
11.8
12.1
16.4
9.5
12.8
13.4
21. 7
10.4
}1.6
37.0
27.9
35.8
38.2
13. 2
7.1
13.8
12.0
9. 7
12. 3
G.9
29.0
37,4
J;.2
JI, J
ROCK ISL.AMO,
1, 1~5
100.0
36,983
100.0
28,049
100.0
8,934
100,0
1,627
100.0
1.266
361
100.0
100.0
2.5
5.4
5.1
10.4
24.6
4.4
J.4
I!,.!;
1.8
J.8
13.1
27.9
;,q,?
;,,;,q
5.4
14.~
12. 7
10.l
14. l
12.4
10.J
8.0
8.~
18.0
13.6
11.0
12.4
15. 3
13.4
10.4
10.8
4,990
100.0
J,835
5.5
7.9
11.8
10.4
10.9
J.4
100.0
5. 7
11.3
10.3
4.4
40 - 44
40 - >I
:,.~ - 64
12. 4
11.5
19.,
10.1
lJ.O
12.4
21.9
11.0
10.4
8. 7
11.5
7.1
;4.0
25.d
lll. l
15. /
8.6
11.5
9.8
10.1
4.8
9. 7
10. 7
18.J
13.8
9.8
11. l
16.6
15. 9
M~ian
)6.4
;fl.2
29.3
34.4
36.2
28. 7
36.J
37.8
193'
WAlE
11.5
13.4
21. l
7.~
I
REL l[F
TOTAi.
11.6
12.6
19. l
12.2
ROCKFOAO, llLINOIS
Total:
CENSUS 19}0
TOTAL
10.6
ROCl4ESTER, ftEW 'f'(RK
P{IUCSY\.YAIUA
193,4
:l.4
100.0
J. 7
8.9
CEt1SUS IGl50
I
I FE...._E
TOTAL
-.E
FEW.ALE
16,863
lJ, 167
100.0
100.0
J,69€
100.0
I.le, 71>
100.0
97,973
100.0
10.0
20. •
21.6
10.2
8.0
2.4
5. 2
14.8
13.J
1,.1
1.6
4,4
3,6
11.7
12.6
12. 5
9.0
22.J
15.0
11.2
>
8,3
7.6
6.8
6.6
24.2
12. 7
11.5
18.0
10.0
)5.9
13. 7
10.J
12.8
20.2
11.J
"'d
12.6
6.8
38.0
29.8
31,678
100.0
24, 369
100.0
7,309
100.0
2. 2
6.2
17.1
1.4
4,0
14.7
5.0
13.4
25.0
27.0
28. 2
2).1
22.l
23.8
16.4
16.2
9. 2
17. 7
10.2
11.2
34. l
35, 7
J.8
2.0
6.6
13.6
10.3
9.2
ILLIN(HS
TOTAL
-.E
40,802
100.0
8.4
SAGINAW, MICHIGAN
100.0
1. 7&j
100.0
1,386
100.0
100.0
4. 5
4, 9
3.:1
9.3
13. l
22.8
25.1
24.6
9.2
11. 7
7. 2
7.8
3.3
7. 5
10.2
7.1
7.5
10.5
l!>.O
16.5
7.5
9.0
9. 4
12.3
25.0
17. 7
6.5
11.0
14. 5
9.5
42.0
30.3
16,177
100.0
12,241
100.0
3. 936
2.6
5.2
15.4
2.0
25.0
9.4
9.4
23.l
24.6
18.2
lo.9
18.1
13.8
6.4
10.6
19.5
11.8
30.8
3!,.8
37.4
6.8
J0,5
8. 7
12.0
22.6
15.9
40. 2
400
"'d
tEJ
:z:
c:,
....=-<
0
5.9
27. 9
•1'/C•-U. C•c.t1".I of l.\e f11H•d Seate, lf)O, ,opuletion Wol. Tl, S\•t• Tab1H f and Mt.
I\)
......
......
T•ble 16-AGE OF UN£11PLOYED WORKERS 0~ RELIEF IIAY 1~34 AND OF ALL GAINFUL •ORKERS IN GE•H~L PllPUcAl
CLASSIFIED BY SEX IN CITIES OF OVER 25,000 POPULATIO~-Conllnuod
I
ST.
.t..:iE lfil YEARS
LOUIS,
CENSUS
[ TOTAL _ ~ ~ t ~ ~ . ~ ~ T A L
Tota I:
16
lb
,O
25
30
-
NurnbP.r
Fercent
17
19
,:4
,,,
J4
!,~/5~ l;2,5uo
..-i.v
lvv.v
l
4,0
4.3
11.J
11.2
11.s
J5 - 3~
1~.7
l<,J
40 - 14
'> -
o4
'!
55 - 64
~"-~
.l.,
I
J
j
"ALE
"jij9:3TJ ~65;822
lGO.O
lvO.O
l~,551
.oc.o
l.3.251
100.0
10,045 J,206
100.0 wo.o
2.5
5.9
s.l
22.6
15.5
11.3
4.9
7.6
12.5
11.1
11.2
3.5
4,9
12.l
ll.4
11.2
9.4
15.9
13.8
1~.3
11.1
10.3
8.2
11.6
12.6
10.9
12.5
7.6
9.2
12.1
11.~
21.1
10.6
29.0
36.1
37.7
13.9
lC.9
12.2
10.6
i:,.s_
:b.~
9.>
l~.O
1 •. 4
~o.5
,0. 7
J4,5
J4.4
36.4
o. l
3.5
~.4
15.t,
H.4
12.5
4,0
12.9
14.0
13.0
,.5
2u.o
,, .... 0'1',.
0
cci"
""
i'j"
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
~rcent
16 - 17
18 - 19
;_4
~5 - 2'~
jC - J4
,o -
JS
40
45
55
-
J9
44
54
b4
lledian
8
1'/lur11U
!5,541 14,148
100.0
11w.o
I
1.6
5.5
1J.6
1;,3
ll.6
12.J
11.~
20.1
11.1
Jl.2
I
I
1.1YJ
100.0
1.5
I.~
• .2
1<.7
8.,
11 .o
11.5
9.2
1~.9
1,.4
2(),9
1,.1
37.9
13.3
lJ.0
18.l
7.6
3:,.1
I 1,.
1
l~.ti
14.6
4.8
JO.J
TOU,L
i
\tALE
FF."•Lt
:;,,,iOl
lC<i.O.
1.7
J,5
11.6
lJ.l
1 1.3.5
J.8
9.6
2o.,l
16.3
11.3
l(.(;,\)
5.J
15.6
14,0
12.9
KELIEF
19,0
79,261
100.0
lu,462
,.J
I\)
-.J
(l)
13.0 I
11.A
16 ..s
9.~
I
WALE
! 6,0J7
4,:,/ll
100.0
100.0
14,3
9.9
12.8
8.0
1s.~10-:
10, I
4.,
35~- _!!__:3
TOTAL
CE"SUS
19}4
19}0
FEYALE
TOTAL
~~E
1,356
100.0
51,481
100.0
38:132
100.0
i lJ,349
F'[UALE
I 100.0
4,0
1,5
1}.7
i3.0
11.2
2.7
5,6
13.G
14.J
12.1!1
8.3
14.1
16.1
8.5
7.9
2.0
5,9
17.3
14.1
12.3
1.5
3.9
14.0
i4.0
u.•
J.5
11.6
,.6,9
14.J
9.J
11.2
9.9
1'..J
1<.2 .
11.'
lv, l
10.0
l<.8
10.5
9.•
15.~
10.,J
l~.6
lL.S
11.0
9.2
12.5
11.5
1e.1
10.5
9.1
7.8
11.9
5.6
__34,3
36.J
2~
I
~
ztl~~__-36..:_0
c::
:;o
cc
>
:z:
:a::
0
~
:,s:
t:i:J
:;o
C/l
SAN tHE•jO, CALIF.
Tot,1:
FEMALE I
UALE
1,.0
l). l
~1.7
,3.1
!
CENSUS
TOTAL
4.4
6.2
1,l.,
14,5
13.0
1
;93,4.
FH~ALE
J.7
4,<
10 • .:
10.&
11.2
! ~ ;~.l
ij~dian
13:200
100.0
RELIEF
1930
1930•
SAI.T LAKE CITY, UTAH
ST. PAUL, M/JillN,
WO,
RELIEF 1914
,a.
60,6JB1•4.9'JJ j1,.6-<s
lOQ.O
100.0
100.0
1.1
4.6
I
1.8
1.3
4.5
,.o
1:;.7
13.l
12.0
lJ.8
JJ,2
15.5
lJ,4
1:1,6
12.6
11.7
18.,
10.9
35.4
12.6
11.8
18.J
11.2
36.6
12.6
11.7
17.8
10.1
13.s
S:MFNfC"Al')Y, If. Y.
SAU FRANCIS'::O, CALIF.
35.9
c....., .. of c.w ' " ' " " J&o&u 1t)C-, ,opulat Ion Y01. VI. Sla.te TIIIIII I erw:I 10.
24.5-3C
1co.c
1· 7
16.010\s,5;0
100.v 1 10(;,0
Lb
0.1
J.j
a. 1
lLI
13.J
7.G
10.1
lJ.9
11.8
12.8
ll.9
13.J
2,,8
~4-~
12.J
39.l
.4.,
40,6
J.4
9.b
11.b
14,l
11.1
ll.7_
11.5
19.2
7.0
J(.7
Jl8,,;4~.J6.5n
1uc;.c
100.\;
I
C. '.
,l,o
I
i
5,785
, lC0.0
I
II
I
4.570
1(1().0
l, ,15
101· .0
40,345
IW.O
31,387
lW.C
8,9".8
lw.O
l.8
6. 2
14,6
7.2
14.4
;:3_0
12.6
9.~
,.2
16.9
5.•
1.5
4.1
14.2
9.9
26.2
25.6
25. 7
25.3
ZZ.J
ZJ,I
17 _4
18.0
~.6
35.0
19.9
10.9
11.7
5.0
28.7
14.2
13.8
2.9
7.9
16.4
lJ.2
11.6
lJ,?
12.o
20.3
10.5
37.6
12.~
9.,
13,7
6.J
32.0
11.5112.~
10.4
11.,
18.1
19.7
8.0
9,0
J(.l_j~
I 11.1
13.J
11.9
18.6
J6,2
I
1.0
0.2 I
20.6 I
11.0
13.J .
~-E
,. 7
1J.~
1~.9
1>,I
9,4
82,011
lOV.O
0
I
lj,4
12.1
I
9.J
7,4
11.9
•.J
21.1
_36,9
•.5
z
~
t,xJ
t""'
t,xJ
'it;l
Tool• lc-~vl OF UNEUPLOY[D t0kK[R5 ON RELIEF MAY 1914 ANO OF ALL GAINFUL •J~<E•S IN uE~E•AL f>OPIJLAIIJN 1110•
C~A5~1FIFD BY S[X IN CITIES O, OVER 25,000 PCP<JL~IION-Conlln••d
-- - - - - -,----- - - ------ - - - - - - - - ------ - - ----- -- - - - - - - - - ---- ----- ------- - -------------'
-----------------7-- - - - - - - -- -- - ---- - - - - - - -- - - - - - !
s.
!
o. c.
:~~-.g,, ~-_j
~L..~~~s-,- --=i_-i---- c,,r,,,,
1
- - ----- - __;~UL _l__--~..E ~;-,.;.,r+~_;;~~r- -~LE ;·-~~~_ro,:-._;~ ""~~-'E".'-'~1 l~•C] -~'•~ ~f...,(:_,?~-i-_~ ~~- ~ ... ~, 4-~•:i,~-:__i__:_ -~,(_] ••··•L_E_
'ilOUA ~AU,S,
AuE IN Y[o\~S
r-111·
"
·
·,,--..,,.,
I
I
Pe,cs• I
!~ - l'
i
,
lei - :J
20 - 2•
i
,010 -- 3'l'l
35
40
45
55
I
- H
- U
- ;'4
- 64
!.Iii•:
l,J,;7 I
1-lv.C
ICX:.J
•.3
7.C
12.7 ,
:~·"
.c.O,
I
3.•
~.7
11.8
11.6
IO.l
I
38.2
I
ll.'
0
i'j"
""
35 - 39
cci"
~
~
0
0
-
~
( i)
l. 046
P~rc ... nt
IOC.O
4. 7
6.8
11. l
9.tl
9.4
•o - u
!5 - 'A
55 - 64
,
1
l,A~•,)11n______
c-,,,
!dll\.X CITY,
• .,..,
i
34.0
I
1
I
I
;_4
13.1
11.5
I
u}.7
11.•
26 4
.
17.6
9.6
18 1
•
9.1
4.3
1~.1
1•. 9
)6.4
28.6
~6.3
7. 7
9.4
U.7
9.8
9.4
3.1
5. 5
14.9
11 .9
6.l
10.9
22. 7
l5.0
25 • 7
23.3
11.6
ll.0
14, 7
9.l
20.8
7 ••
25 .3
17.8
18.2 : 20 .J
10. l
11 .5
JS.6___l____E .8
12. 7
10. 7
ll.l
20.•
6.5
29.4
_19.1
! ,-.,
•_..
~. 7
l&•H• ,no. Po,.latio,1
Yol. n,
I
I .9
3 .4
s, .. ,.
100,:J
1
l.8
5.0
14.6
27.5
11.0
13.3
1·.1
14.5
12.8
IC.•
12.3 ,
7.1 i
25 7
.. I
16.o ,
9.•
37.6
1
i
23,210
,00.0
!
2.7
9.5
23.tl
2H.A
l.5
3-•
11.4
l7.I
27 9
'
e,J,,7
100.0
I .
17.9,
10., ;
1~.ll/l3T-;~;;3lOU.0 ! .C,0.0
!
9!-o
100.0
r -
I 31
19.5
O.l
.
I I oo •0
5.0
8. 3
11.2
9.3
9.4
18.8 ;
11;,7
Id. 7
11.5
6.6
8.4
ll.3
II. 7
23. 9
9.3
8.3
8.5
6.2
•• 7
35,3
37 .8
23.9
7.8
10.•
12. 7
9. 7
8.8
.9
2.4
2.1
3.5
18.6
10.4
8. •
36.8
,,,3,
,
f
3U ,__31'.~
!
3. 7
16. 1
8. 9
I
n.2
10.o
11.,
9.•
h> .l:
13. .
3.01
6,0f
12.si
10.~
1s ~
'·, I
4.S
5 .4 i
13.0 I
1'.2
25. 7
I
15.3
12.6
Iii.I
~-"
!J,I;
1:-'ti U I
22. B
lC,!3•i 2}1.H4
100.0i
l.xl.O
1•.2
11.9
17-~
7..
l().~
!OC.
23.9
1
17.~ 1
1•.•·
J
WJ.O
16. l
1
15.3
4.~
,.;~-1--,.~;~.
10.
16. 4
26. 4
20. 9
1>10
ll.J ,
1;.J I
14.9
7,U
23. 2
~34. l
l•lO.O
n.m
3.2
5.2
13.0
7. 9
100.0
-
l.4
3.9
l4.~
l'>.2
13.d
_j_
--
14 2
I l5,c'67 '11•.":lJ
1
19 4
-~__:2__L_!5,_4 J_~7-~L_!9.9
-
3.8
6.0
10.9
9.9
9.3
38.)
! 31.~97
Wll1<.ES-8AqRE, PA.
! 17, 717 I 6,7'i}
100 .0 ! 100.0
I
422
100.0
10.0
ll.3
16.6
10.9
7.6
v,..
i
I
3.7 i
7.3 I
12.2 !
11.7
9.2
w.
- - - ~---
23.2
!
1·
H.9
24. ,,;9
100.0
I
ICO.O
~-0
713
100.0
22.3
15.2
,w , ... ,.,.
l.5
2.4
3.4
9,3
13.2 I l8.2
26.3 i 28.6
I
7,335
100.0
12.3
10.6
2 l. 9 j
lJ.4 ,
!,!,()!,
•1
,
2 0
'
15.2
8.l 1
34.1:
•&S.HIH(.TON,
-a-~:;;-,9!0- - - - : ·---~(llE;-,914
9,75, I 3,,!09 I 2.0?o
100.0
!00.0
100.0
l.7
5.1
17.5
28.4
•HFEL I NG I
~dTL,•r
1t,.:,u-.o. ~~• .,w
13.~I
lX.U
7.1
l!.6
l'i.7
7.'3
9.e
1u 1 10.6
10.6 I
9.l
1?.s
,c.5
b.7
7.8
--------
16 - 17
l• - 19
n - 24
25 - 2Y
JO - J4
II
316
l•JC.0
11., ,
1 10.J
19.7
, 13.9
I
_ ••• ,'...'.'.'__
Tut,11:
0AI(.
-CE~Sl.JS 19)0
5. 5
II.~
I).:,
3. 9
24.
I
I
I
I, 10.6
::::
10.1
18.51
8.9
21.2
10.0
_]4_._7_..,_~"16-l..
"(;,?",i,
II
I~~.,, I
l,\,.0
1.3
I
U.•
1~-'l
1.5
5.0
17.6
l',.6
13.7
1
11,l
:~-•
1
1
i
i
1
3.l
L.9
u.•
... ,.
I
1,.9
10.2
15.9
1.6
3'._ll_ _J~__:~_l__ !6:!_ L_33:_7_
IIW1tWINf,T()N,
,--
:J';i
OEL,
45.156
!(•). 0
6.0
8.1
15. 71
l'.>.5
3, l
5.4
15.J
13. 7
13.1
9.2
13.4
6.8
l"J.1
lC.8
16. 'i
9.3
_3.?..,_u_
~2
,l: : "l"'
I
u~.1;~:
'1
- - _T _____
33,4?7
l(l('.0
2 .l
4 .0
I
I
I
B.91
11. 7
~,~
~
~
[':l
z
....><
t:)
(")
11. 729
100.0
13.,
13.5 ,
u.1
15.0
10.3
>
5, 7
9.5
21.8
14.5
11.2
L
10. 7
8.2
12.1
6,3
_2_9.:..L
TablH ' al"d " ·
I\)
-.I
I.O
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
280
Table 17-DURATION Of UNEMPLOYM£NT SINCE LAST JOB AT USUAL OCCUPATION Of MEN
0~ Rf.LIEF IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
TOTAL REPORT I NG
8
CITY ANO STATE
LESS
THAN
Ml.NIER
PERCENT
I YEAR
I
YEAR
2
YEARS
3
YEARS
•
5-9
10
YEARS
YEARS
YEARS
ANO
OVER
Urban rel i"f SM!ple
196, 15e
100,0
25. 7
17.0
17. 7
U.4
9. 7
11.2
4,3
A.kmn, Ohio
Al huQ11erque, N. Mex
6,325
62B
476
10,65'
27,8f,O
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
16.4
29.J
lJ. 9
Jl.8
24. 7
11.B
11.J
22.8
21.5
17.5
14.0
12.8
16.5
20.1
18.5
1).2
17 .8
12.J
12.8
17.6
11.l
16.0
6.9
7.4
15.J
10.B
20.2
8.1
10.5
2.9
J.2
8.0
1.6
J.O
436
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
'}6. 7
11.9
15. 5
17.J
24.1
14.9
11.9
12.1
18.0
22. 1
10.1
10.3
6.0
17,6
14.2
11.0
11.5
4.A
12.1
7.1
7.0
10.6
6.8
12.8
6.8
10.5
7.1
1.3
3. 7
0.8
7.0
20.1
20.4
35.6
28.0
24.9
13.l
lJ.O
14.9
4,124
2,783
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
18.4
18.0
20.9
14.2
23.J
17. 7
18.8
18.1
9.1
16.4
lJ.9
14.0
13.0
9.1
10.5
8.0
12.8
11.J
lJ.6
6.J
13.4
3.2
J.3
J.5
o. 7
3, 7
1,515
83,500
lJ, 251
34. 748
200
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
28.1
14.6
21.9
16. 7
25. 5
16.8
12.4
15.9
11. 7
6.0
17.8
19.3
19.1
17.3
12.5
11.1
19. 7
16.6
19. 7
20.5
8.2
16. 7
12.0
16.6
16.5
13. 7
14.0
11.4
14.3
14.5
4.3
3,3
3.1
J. 7
•.5
25,910
lJ.9
15.9
21.J
22.6
2J,J
14.2
12.0
12.8
16.4
11. 7
17.9
25.9
16.8
18.1
14.5
17.2
17.5
19. 7
14.8
16.5
16.0
12.2
12.1
11.5
12.0
15. 7
12.•
13.4
11.0
18.6
5.1
4. l
3,9
5.6
J.4
17.2
17.3
10.4
10.6
13.9
12. 7
2.2
14.0
11.9
15.5
12.1
8.4
J.4
5.1
Anr,oni:,, Conn.
At 1ant a, Ga.
Bal t in-,re, Md,
Benton H8rhor, Mich.
Bilovi, Miss.
Bi minqh1trt1, Ala.
Boston, M<1ss.
Bowling Green, Ky.
620
10,955
25,522
228
Bridgepcrt, Conn.
S.ffalo, N. Y.
2,883
19.610
Burl i not on, Vt.
S.tt•,~hlont.
Chari f'Ston, S. C.
Charlotte, N. C.
Chi ca.go, Ill.
Cincinnati, Ohin
Cleveland, Ohio
Derby, Conn.
~,roit, Mich.
Douglas, Ariz.
:m
SJ. 5
18.5
24.9
39.5
18.4
,14.8
[nid, Okla.
3.195
2. 177
732
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
[vainsvi 11 e. Ind,
Everftt t, W!!ish.
Findl!!iy, Ohio
Fort Wayne, 1"'1.
Gastonia, N. C.
J,355
1,239
459
J,337
226
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
24. 2
23,2
21.)
20. 7
62.0
15.2
11. 7
12.4
15.4
10.2
17. 7
7.5
15.6
20.2
19.2
17. 7
6.2
229
355
7,518
11.067
946
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
46. 3
20.0
28.8
2J.J
26.4
15. 7
10.4
19. 7
15.5
13,3
12.2
14.1
17.0
19.9
18.8
11.8
19. 7
14.3
16.2
16.3
4.8
lJ.2
7. 7
11.9
8.0
6.1
15.3
11.0
11.4
15. 7,
3.1
7.3
1.5
1.8
1.5
I, 281
7,58/l
2,075
284
637
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.5
26. 7
27.4
28.2
20. 1
lJ.9
16. 7
11.l
14.4
18.5
14.7
17.6
15.2
17.6
18.2
17.1
12.9
11.6
11.3
13.8
12. 3
10.5
14.3
10.2
10.2
14.5
11.5
17.3
14.•
15.3
5.0
4.1
3.1
J.9
3,9
L11kel and, Flo,
Lexington. Ky.
Little Rock, Ark.
Los Angeles, Calif.
Lynn, Mass.
906
1,279
1,065
46,640
2,562
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
35.0
)).3
17.J
19.0
22.4
20.4
23. 7
29.0
17. 7
17.6
11.7
13. 2
19. 2
16.4
22.3
10.6
12.1
16.5
lJ.4
11.8
7.3
6.3
10.0
10.4
7.0
12.8
7. 7
10.1
13.8
9.0
4.5
2.•
1.4
4.6
J.)
Manchester, N. H.
ij:nquette, Mich.
MilwaukeP., Wis.
Minneapolis, Minn.
Mi not, N. Oak.
1,190
512
17,505
12,17J
375
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
,38.3
22.9
19. 2
19.6
,30.9
16.8
17.2
14.5
20.1
12.3
15.8
16.0
19.1
20.5
13,9
9. 7
18. 2
18.9
16.6
16.8
5.9
10. 7
14.2
8.8
10.1
9. 7
10.4
11.2
10.5
IJ,3
3,8
4.6
2.9
3,9
2. 7
II, 550
2~.610
2,248
4,572
1,185
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
24.2
18.6
38.2
26.3
~-9
19.2
21.1
1/l.5
14.6
13.4
24.J
22.8
15.1
15.9
16.1
14.1
17.5
10.9
lJ. 7
17.1
7.6
10.5
6.2
10.3
10.6
8.5
8.2
8.1
13. 7
9.0
2.1
1.3
3.0
5.5
2.9
2. 393
37,590
1,336
135
5,805
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
33,6
IJ,4
27.4
J4.8
19.8
21.6
15.8
21.3
17.8
17.6
19. 2
22.8
2J. l
10.4
19. 7
12.0
23.0
11.5
8.9
17.6
7.2
12.4
6.J
5.9
11.6
5.5
10.)
7.6
17.8
10.9
0.9
2. J
2.8
4.4
2.8
Duluth, Minn.
El Paso, Tex.
Glov~rsvil11!", N. Y.
Hit>binq, Minn.
Hou~ton, Tex.
lndianapol is, Ind.
J1'ckson, Miss.
Joplin, Mo.
kansas City, Mo.
Kenoc;hl'!I, Wis.
Kl """'th f•II s, Oreg.
Lake Chari es, La.
New Orleans, Lill,
New York, N. Y.
Norfolk, Va.
Oakland, Calif.
Oshkosh, #is.
P!!itf"rson, N. J.
Pi ttsb1Jrgh, Pa.
Port l ,1nrl, llila i ne
Portsmouth, N. H.
Providence, R. I.
7'7
14.4
Digitized by
Google
).)
3. 7
3,5
281
APPENDIX C
Table
17-0URATION OF UN[IIPLOYIIENT SINCE LAST JOB AT USUAL OCCUPATION OF MEN
ON RELIEF IN 79 CIT I ES, IIAY 1934-Conl I nued
CITY ANO STATE
Readina. Pa.
Rochest~,., N, Y.
Qocl-:ford, 11
Roclii Island,
I.
111.
5,\g1naa, Mich.
St. Louis, WD.
St. P.11ul, Winn.
Salt L•~• City, Utah
5it,, Di-gt,, Calif.
S1n f,-ancisco, Calif.
Sch.....,tody, N. Y.
Sh~I ton, Conn,
~...ndoah,
,_
Pa.
Siou• City,
Sioux F ■ l 11, S. Oak.
•shingtOfl, 0. C.
~l,ng, W. YI.
Wi I kes-&rre, Pa.
Wi ll'tlin9ton, ()eil.
TOTAL A(P(IATtNG•
LE55
-ER
TM.AN
PEACE NT
I YEAR
3,488
10,920
3,400
I, 116
1,208
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
16, 1
22.2
26.3
22.B
18.2
21,020
8, 7)6
3,783
3.~3
16.)90
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3. !,98
315
1,593
1,440
1,250
9,128
2,140
3. ;JI!
2, CJ07
I
I
YEAR
2
'
•
5-9
10
YEARS
YEARS
YEARS
YEARS
YEARS
ANO
OYER
14.0
12.4
13,9
11.J
21.2
19.3
14.9
17.9
13.6
16.8
19.8
18. 7
17. 7
22.5
11.1
11.5
14.9
13,9
16. 7
12.6
11.6
11.0
9.1
14.9
3,4
1.6
1.8
4. 7
2,B
26.0
2,.1
18.8
29.4
26. 7
19.6
18.8
14.1
16. 7
18. 7
18.6
17.9
18.8
16.8
19.4
15.3
13.4
17.9
12.5
1).6
10.5
B.5
11. 7
8.6
9.8
8.6
1),1
13.2
12.5
8.8
1.4
4,2
5.5
3,5
3,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.0
1).2
11.4
24,3
24,0
12.1
10.5
14.9
15.4
19.3
28.0
35-3
14.6
18.2
20.5
15.9
22.9
11.8
12.6
1).6
20.0
7.5
9.2
7.2
12.6
13,J
7.1
14. 7
12. 7
4.2
3,B
0.9
10.0
6,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
)4.
7
20.0
15.9
20.9
1),2
11.8
19.9
21. 2
17. 1
17.2
:J).0
21.4
9.3
15.3
15.9
17.0
5.9
13.1
8.6
8.9
8,3
15. 7
8.0
7.9
1.5
6.9
1. 7
2. 7
18.B
13-3
•1•clllllllu t11,eN..,. ~ ...,.r .. r•N ... ...,. •n.M leM , .... •.,...at IHI ~ el •••• ecc... llM _, IIININ
e<c•1•• la• ar d11ra1I•11 at
11 ..- .
111,...,10,-••• •• ....
133055 0-37-20
Digitized by
Google
URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
282
Table 18-DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT SINCE LAST JOB AT USUAL OCCUPATION OF WOIIEN
ON RELIEF IN 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
CITY' ANO STATE
TOT AL RE~TI NG•
LESS
THAN
I
2
I
YEAR
Y'EAAS
'
fEARS
•
YEARS
,-9
'f'EARS
10
YEARS
ANO
OVER
NUteER
PERCENT
52,6(9
100,0
3J.8
17 .9
1).1
9.3
6.5
11.7
7.7
1,900
182
8,470
11.424
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
27.9
41.J
)4 .J
44.9
32.0
15.8
12.6
7. 1
12.J
27.6
10.3
11.0
6.1
15.J
14.0
10.0
8.0
9.1
7.4
7.8
11.6
4.9
11.1
4.4
6.2
15.0
11.5
14.1
4.0
9.5
9.4
9.9
18.2
1. 7
2.9
Benton Heirbor. Mich.
Biloxi. Min.
Birmin9hM1, Ala.
Boston, Mass.
b l ing Green, ky.
196
44 7
8,666
7,210
110
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
44.4
64 .2
26.5
32.6
50.0
14.3
11.4
19.0
20.6
8.2
7. 7
6.9
15.3
16.9
11.8
7.1
4.5
11.5
9.3
9.1
4 .1
3,4
8.6
6.4
6.4
10.2
6.9
13.8
9.5
8.2
12.2
2. 7
5.3
4. 7
6.3
Bridgeport, Conn.
672
4,480
52
828
2,HB
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
33 .5
25. 7
48.1
JO.O
,38.9
15.6
16.1
19.3
16.0
19.9
12.2
15.2
13.5
15.5
10.2
9.2
10.2
1.9
10.1
6.1
8.4
7.8
1.9
10.1
4.8
10. 7
10. 7
3.8
11.1
12.3
10.4
14,3
11.5
7.2
7.8
1,240
30,470
6,524
11,634
53
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
45.4
12.1
29.5
27.5
J5.9
17 .9
14. 7
17 .4
15.1
11.J
10.9
14.4
lJ. 7
13. 7
3,B
8.5
13.0
12.1
10,6
9.4
7.0
8.8
7.8
8.5
7. 5
7. 7
16.3
12.8
14.9
13.2
2.6
10. 7
6. 7
9. 7
18.9
6,310
209
782
958
173
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
31.5
31.6
29.6
38.4
44.5
14. 7
11.0
13,9
16, 7
1'.5
11.6
18. 7
9.2
14.8
12.1
8.4
9.5
10,9
7 -3
9.8
7.3
9.1
7. 7
6.4
8.1
16.3
11.5
15. 1
10.6
7.5
10. 2
8,6
13.6
5.8
J.5
1,640
172
200
963
129
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
26.8
)6.0
21.0
30.0
75, 2
19,2
12.8
21.9
17.J
4. 7
14.4
1).2
1).2
7,8
10.J
12.2
11.2
9. 5
4.6
7,5
J.5
6.8
6.9
2.3
13.3
1).4
7 .6
1).1
J.9
8.5
7.6
8.J
10.0
1.5
105
67
4,788
5,376
990
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
53.4
)4 ,4
33.9
29.9
Jl.7
11.4
16.4
23- 7
19.0
12.6
13.3
10.4
1).1
15.5
16.2
J.8
9.0
11.0
12.2
10. 9
J.8
4.5
6.9
6.6
7. 5
5. 7
1).4
9.1
12.2
6.5
8.6
11.9
2.J
4.6
4.6
475
J. 791
380
90
201
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
36,3
38,4
42.1
26. 7
42.8
18. 7
16.2
11.0
16.6
19.4
10. 9
11.2
9.9
7.8
17.4
7.8
10.0
7.2
12.2
8.4
6.9
5.0
6.6
7 .8
2.5
1).9
13.8
11.2
18.9
7.5
5.5
5.4
11.2
10.0
2.0
540
723
1, 765
16.920
953
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
59.5
46.J
J4.8
29.J
40. 9
13.3
19.5
l2. 1
16.1
lB.2
7,2
10.4
16.0
1).1
10,J
3. 7
6.8
9.5
8.5
7.3
J. 7
4.8
6.5
7,2
5.1
6.1
8.2
8.1
16.1
10.0
6.5
4.0
2.4
9. 7
8.2
576
79
575
J, 143
102
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
38,5
35,4
25.ij
26.5
47 .0
19.8
13.9
13,1
20.1
10.8
13,9
12. 7
10.1
12.2
5.9
6,3
5.1
10. 7
10.0
10.8
4.5
6.3
8. 7
8.0
2.0
10.1
10.1
19.4
13,4
10.8
6.9
6.5
12.2
9.8
12. 7
5,789
72,810
2,303
1,890
385
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
28.5
J0.5
41.6
29.6
25.8
25.2
21. 5
20.0
14.4
16.6
15.8
14.5
15. 7
13.0
10.6
9.1
9,6
6.1
8. 7
10.4
6. 7
5.9
4. 7
6.0
5.2
10.6
10. 7
8.2
16.2
16. 9
4.1
7.J
J. 7
12.1
14. 6
755
10,668
428
39
2,265
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
40.8
20.1
43. 0
38,5
JO. 2
22.0
18.6
22.0
15.4
15.4
11.5
17.8
10. 7
10.2
14.6
7,J
1).8
5.6
12 .8
10.5
4.9
7.8
3.3
2.6
7.9
8.4
15.5
7.9
17. 9
12.4
5.1
6.4
7.5
2.6
9.0
Urban relief s.nple
Akron, Ohio
AI bu(1..lerQue, N. llex.
Ansonia, Conn.
99
Atlanta, Ga.
Bal t ioore, Md.
Bulfol o, N. Y,
Ekirl i ngton, Vt.
Butte, Wont,
Charleston, S. C.
Chor I otte, N. C.
Chicago, 111.
Cincinnati, Olio
Cleveland, Olio
Deroy, Conn.
De-troi t, Mich,
Douglas, Ariz.
Duluth, Minn.
El Paso, Tex.
Enid, Okla.
Evansv i 11 e, Ind,
Everet l, Nash.
Findlay, Ohio
Fort #ayne, Ina.
Gastonia, N. C.
Gloversville, N. Y.
Hiboing, Minn.
Houston. Tex.
lndianapol is,
Ind.
Jackson, Miss.
Jopl ;n, llo.
kansas City, Mo,
Kenosha, #is.
Kl,wnath Falls, Oreg.
Lake Char Ies, la.
l.akel ond, Fl a.
Lexington, Ky.
little Rock, Ark,
Los Ange I es, Gal ; f.
Lynn, Mass.
Manchester, N. H.
Marquette, Mich.
Mi l•aukee, #is.
Minneaool is, Minn,
Minot, N. Dak.
Ne• Orleans, La.
Ne« York, N, Y.
Norfolk, Va.
Oakland, Calif.
Oshkosh, #is.
Paterson, N. J.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Port land, Maine
Portsmouth, N. H.
Proviaence, R. I.
YEAR
14. 5
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APPENDIX C
283
Table 18-0UUTIOII Of UN[IIPlOYll[NT SINCE LAST JOI AT USUAL OCCUPATIOII Of WOIIEN
ON R[ll[F IN 79 CITIES, IIAY
8
TOTAL llt(,olltTIIIIC.
CIT., A.IC) STAT[
.... Ell
Re1ie1,n9. Pa.
Aoche5t•r. N. Y.
Roc.llforc,, Ill.
~ock h i end, 111.
SaQ1na•. 111,cn .
St. to.,' s. !lo.
St. p...,1, W1M ,
5,.11 LaMe City,
Ut.,.
s.,, 01990, CAl,f .
San Franc , ,co, Cal l f .
Schenectady, N. Y,
Shel ton, Conn.
S-nenandoan, Po.
S101.1• C 1t1, loaa
S,ou, Fol ls, S. Deli.
Wa>hi"9ton, 0 . C.
·"'"'' i 1"19, •• "•·
• • l 1tes-8arre, Po.
e , ,,..,u~ton ,
Del.
LCSS
TIIAN
I
"ERCElfT
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I
YEAA
2
YIAAS
'
YEARS
•
YEARS
,-9
YEAAS
10
YEARS
ANO
OVEJI
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
25.1
31.1
30. 0
27 . 9
29. 8
18 . 5
17.9
10.3
14.1
13. 2
13.6
12. 9
13.•
12. 7
9.6
10.6
12.0
10.3
12. 7
7.9
6.8
9.9
6 .6
1'. l
U.4
U.7
11. 7
1~.o
1' . 3
14.9
10. 7
4.5
M.4
10.2
1).2
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
)l.e
31. 9
2~.3
37. I
J3.5
18.9
1) .4
14 . 8
12.8
16.e
II.I
11 . 4
13.2
9.4
1).0
9.3
11 . 7
12 . I
8. 1
8.8
7.3
5. 4
6.9
6.1
8.4
12. 6
IA.2
IA. I
1).6
13. 0
6.2
2.0
13. 6
12.9
6. 7
323
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
18.4
29.1
24.8
22.7
39 .6
12. 7
U.5
20. 7
9.1
1).0
12.4
4.8
16.2
10.4
12.1
10.6
4.8
10.,
8.5
7. 7
1J.3
8.1
4.9
6.1
5.J
11. 8
22 . 6
12.6
17. 7
9. 9
14.8
16.1
10.4
19,5
12.,
7 ,(85
6Cti
625
l.•25
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
36 . 0
~-3
23.5
13 . 2
)1.0
27 .0
IJ .6
21 . 5
12.6
12.3
14.0
17. 2
8.0
9.1
7. 2
12.2 .
6.0
10. 7
8.0
6.2
10.0
1).6
10.0
9.8
3,9
14.8
1).2
6.1
908
2,338
800
283
228
11.650
2.!>69
993
1.3•3
5,370
828
62
222
328
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
Table 19-MEOIAN DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT SINCE LAST JOB AT USUAL_ OCCUPATION OF WORKERS
ON RELIEF BY RACE ANO SEX, 79 CITIES, MAY 1934
TOTAL AEPORTING 1
MEDI AN I N MONTHS
CITY AND STATE
NI.MBER
MEDIAN IN
IC>HTHS
Urban relief S8fflple
189,660
Akron, Ohio
Albuquerque, N. lie•.
Ansonia, Conn.
Atlanta, Ga.
Bah i..,re, Md,
NEGRO MID OTHER
NIITE
MALE
FEMALE
MALE
27.5
JO.O
21.5
28.0
18.8
7,860
772
519
11:1,809
38,100
36,1
23.1
40.1
18.2
23.2
37. 7
25.3
40.6
25.2
24.9
J0.7
19.6
24.0
'l5. 7
20.1
;l!l.5
20.2
Benton Harbor, Mich.
BIioxi, lllss.
81,,.lnghM, Ala.
Botton, \lass.
8""1 Ing Green, Ky.
577
1,047
18,753
32,186
315
18.3
6.4
29.5
22.9
15.6
21.1
6,3
30.1
24.2
18. 7
11.1
2.3
28.4
21.1
18.0
'l5,8
18.7
34.1
27.7
Bridgeport, Conn.
l!uffalo, N. Y.
l!url Ington, Vt.
3.393
22.1110
34.0
32.5
22.2
27.5
27.8
19.9
24. 7
35.7
36.0
25.8
4,862
4,900
32.2
31.5
20.0
27.2
21.9
24.5
15.0
26.9
17.2
2,658
107,950
18,928
43,960
234
20.6
35.8
28.9
35.3
36.6
26.4
37.2
30.5
37 .4
38.2
17.2
32.4
27.5
24.1
26.0
37.8
31.0
37.8
t
t
13.7
28.2
21.9
30.3
30,270
907
3,750
2,958
874
35.1
32.1
32. 7
26.3
31.5
35.1
32.1
33.9
32.6
36.3
23.6
J2.3
23.4
29.1
14.6
41.5
34.1
21.9
23.l
28.7
15.1
26.J
t
4,738
1,335
632
4,003
345
28.J
31,6
33.5
J0.4
6.4
30,8
32, 7
36.0
32.1
5.0
23.0
21.8
27 .1
22.1
4.0
28.5
24.9
Gloversville, N. Y.
Hibbing, Minn,
Houston, Te•.
lndl•napol is, Ind.
Jackson, Iii ss.
318
338
12,062
16,002
1,876
11. 7
35.1
22.4
28.J
24 .9
14.5
J7.2
25.9
29.6
.10.6
10.5
19.6
18,5
25.2
24.4
Jopl In, Mo.
Kansas City, Mo,
1,666
10,871
2,348
355
810
29.J
2• .5
29.9
27.8
26. 7
33.1
27.6
31. 7
27 .,
32.J
19.4
18.0
15.0
27.4
t
29.2
16.6
l,J70
1,942
4,348
59. 790
J,J52
14.1
16.2
24.J
27.5
22.4
2J.J
16.0
27. 7
2&.8
24.8
5.J
13.1
20.8
25.6
15.6
11.0
19.9
28.6
27.9
5. 7
13.1
18.8
21.0
t
t
1,680
554
19,728
19.1
29.3
33.0
29.1
29.0
16. 9
11!.0
28.4
23.2
10.2
I
I
454
18.3
.S.4
J3.0
28.1
25.3
16.856
,97 ,030
4,398
5.982
1,483
25.0
27.4
17. 2
27 .6
26. 7
28.J
29.4
17.1
28.6
27.2
3.088
46, 718
1,694
334
7,701
19.6
J3.4
21.5
20.8
29.3
Butte, llont.
Charleston, S. C.
Charlotte, N. C.
ChlC"!IO, Ill.
ClnclnMtl, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Derby, Conn.
Detroit, Mich.
Douglas. Ariz.
Duluth, lllnn.
El Paso, Te•.
Enid, Okla.
Evansv i 1le, Ind.
Everett, Wash.
Findlay, Ohio
Fort Wayne, Ind.
Gastonia, N. C.
Kenosha, Wis.
Kl Meth Falls. Oreg.
Lake Charles, La.
Lakelnnd, Fla.
Lexington, Ky.
Little Rock, Ark.
Los Mgeles, C•I if.
Lynn, Wass.
llanchester, N, H.
Marquette. tilich.
14i1waukee, f'is.
Mlnneapol is, hi inn.
llinot, N. Oak.
New Orleans, La,
New York, N, y.
V•.
Norfolk,
Oakland, Calif.
Oshkosh, Wis.
Paterson, N, J.
Pittsburgh, P.\,
Port land, l,lajne
Port5""'Uth, N. H,
Pr-ov idencft, R. I.
344
14.~32
t
FEMALE
t
t
24.0
46.3
19.5
26.1
12.8
18.9
15.3
lJ,3
24.6
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
JJ. 7
20.6
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
24.2
t
23.4
31.8
29.9
t
t
-
20.0
22.2
19. 7
t
26.1
19.4
t
t
t
t
t
1
t
-'
'i.2.7
22.1
20.0
23.6
24.9
25.6
26.6
19.1
30.2
21.l
18.2
15. 7
26.5
t
I
20. 7
34.5
24. l
20.5
16.3
29.1
13.8
21. 7
33.9
12.1
J0.5
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22.9
J9.5
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285
APPENDIX C
Table 19-IIEOIAN DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT SINCE LAST JOB AT USUAL OCCUPATION OF WORKERS
ON RELIEF 8Y RACE AND SEX, 79 CITIES, IIAY 1934-Co•tl•Hd
MEDIAN IN lil)filTHS
TOTAL REIICRTING■
·-·
CITY MO STATE
llefl<liog, Pa.
llochester, N. Y.
llocklonl, ,11.
llock lslllnd, 111.
SagiNII. w,ch.
St. I.Duis, Ila.
St. Paul, Minn,
Salt lAke City, Utah
San Oi~o. CalH.
Sa" frlll'\C isco. Cati f.
Sc-lady, N, Y
She I ton, Conn.
si,.,.,endoah, Pa.
Sioux Cit1,
,_
SiOUll Fal Is,
s.
Dok.
Washington, D. C.
-lincJ,
*•
Ve.
Wi h:n-8,arre. Pa.
•i 11tti"9ton. Oel.
f, .... , ....
N
•rMr1 la
- ..
MEDI AN IN
WOfilTHS
4,180
3().6
12. 978
4,023
1,318
1,J72
30,9
31.3
J0,7
37,9
31,660
W,626
4,433
4,550
20,!110
24.0
26.6
32.2
'IIHI TE
NEGRO ANO OTHER
WAlE
FElilALE
MALE
FEMALE
31.3
32. I
32.1
25.0
)4,)
25,5
t
23,5
t
t
42.0
)8.9
)9.6
'l6. 7
24.0
24.6
t
t
t
22. 7
21.9
26.8
21.2
21. 7
27.9
18,3
25.0
25.5
27 .1
32.9
24.9
25.8
4,150
355
1. 778
1,560
1,458
35,5
36.0
)1.4
28.2
24.8
35,5
37. I
)1.9
28.5
26.4
15. 750
2.5W
3,873
4,167
18.9
)).1
17.5
)4.6
23.8
28.6
:16.3
)I. I
29.)
26.6
t
t
t
39.0
27 .9
27. 7
11.5
35.5
22. 7
2). 7
27.9
15.0
t
t
t
t
-
t
t
t
29.2
27 .3
20.1
22.2
20.2
32,7
17.5
27 .7
t
29.3
t
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t
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
286
Table 20-MEOIAN DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT SINCE LAST JOB AT USUAL OCCUPATION
or MEN ON RELIEF BY MAIN OCCUPATIONAL CROUP,
79 CI Tl ES, MAY 19)4
TOT Al AEPOATI NG•
Cl TY MIO STATE
filEDI N4 IN
ric;IIIITHS
Urban relief samole
Akron , Ohio
Albu~er~e. H. \lex,
At,_sonia, Conn.
Atlant ,. Ga,
Bal t,nore, ~-
141,099
29.6
24 . 9
)). I
)I . 7
28.9
25.2
18.1
24,4
)1 .2
6 , U0
600
)7 .9
I
I
;)4.8
29. 7
f
)6,4
t
24 .0
I
4)8
24 . 7
41.4
41.)
27. 6
I
4),)
t
10, 486
27,020
?1.2
25, 4
34,5
'
't
I
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19.4'
t
tf
25,8
25.1
I
6.2
t
2).2
26.5
28.4
f
21.9
25.2
1).8t
19.4
26.1
I
40!,
21.9
Bi loxi , '4 iss.
Bi mingllar,i, Ala.
612
10,549
9.9
t
2.7
32,)
25.2
11.6
3).0
25.5
24.6
34 .2
;>';,JI]
24.4
I
t
t
40 .0
Boston , "ass.
t
t
25. •
25.8
t
22.4
'
Be,,ton H111rbo r. Mich .
b l Ing Green, l<y .
Bridgeport , Conn.
Buffalo, N. Y.
Sort ing ton ,
Vt.
17 .8
22.8
t
12.7
I
34,2
18,970
32,6
22.3
27.8
27.)
t
I
t
t
36.8
)4-.8
22.7
29.)
28.0
29.8
32,4
19.5
26.0
25.9
t
t
14 .0
29. l
27.9
24.0
t
t
24.0
)9.)
)2 .9
40.8
14 . 1
32.5
:,S.6
) 0. 9
32 .8
17,4
f
)1.8
21.7
28.4
)7 .0
f
t
)8.9
)7.1
32.0
29.1
29.2
40.6
29. 7
I
f
JO.0
I
)3. 1
28.0
28. 0
I
f
)0.3
)2.;
I
t
I
I
298
2,680
Oetroi t , lillch.
Cbugl as, Ariz .
O..luth, Minn.
[1 P,uo, Tex.
Enid, Okla.
Evansville, Ind.
Everet t , Wash.
Findlay , Ohio
Fort Wa1ne, I l"ld.
Gastonia, N. C.
Gloversville, N. Y.
Hibbing. Minn.
Houston, Tex.
lnd ianapol is, lr'C1.
Jackson, M,ss.
Jopl In, Mo.
Kans~s Ci t y, '-lo.
Kenosha, Wis.
Kl a-Mth Fa l Is . Oreg.
l ake Chari es, La ,
Lakeland , Fla.
Lex ington , Ky,
1, 450
80,7)0
12.BJB
3),460
191
26.1
)7.3
:,0. 7
)7. 5
:J8,3
2.7
t
''
'
2,055
707
29.5
35. l
15.0
21.8
20.2
30.)
...
30.2
32, 7
45. 7
28.4
)6.2
'
I , 176
),217
218
t
t
t
I
t
I
34.0
22.2
t
)5.4
37.0
)2. 4
)6.5
24.5
37.5
)2.)
I
t
34.6
).0
28.4
28.4
'
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41.8
'
34.1
I
t
t
28. 0
n.4
)0.0
'
t
t
I
21,
14.5
37, 2
24.6
10 ,871
)0 . 2
9)2
JO. I
1,217
74. 0
47. 0
31.7
t
t
27)
3).1
27 . 2
)1.9
27.8
61)
)0.)
28.4
29.8
3).9
29. 4
)2.9
865
1,248
2,625
ai.3
14.)
19.2
26. 7
27.2
7,280
2,010
1,144
4ff!
19. I
29.8
44, 5'.>0
I
20.3
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t
t
t
t
t
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17, 001
)).)
11,697
J65
28.9
28.8
)9.2
24 .9
NN Orl ~ans, La.
NN Yoril, k. Y.
Norfolk, Va.
Oakl•nd, Cel if.
Oshkosh, Wis.
11,305
227,500
26.8
29.1
18. 7
28.8
27. 2
t
JO,)
Patcr50n, N. J.
2,)73
J6. 722
a>.8
I
Saginaw, Mich.
t
t
)29
7,406
2,477
Reading. Pa.
Roches ter, N. Y.
lbck ford, 111.
Rock Isl 1md, 111.
t
32.6
28.5
Manches ter, H. It.
lilarquet te. t.fi ch .
li,l i 1W5ukee, Wis.
Wlrineapol is , MiM.
lr.tinot , N. D.ik.
Portl and, Maine
PortPOUt h, N. H.
Providence, R. I ,
t
t
28.9
)3.5
7. 7
Lynn , ti,tus.
Pittsburg~. Pa.
t
)8.4
32.2
18.0
28.1
28.6
25. 0
Little lbck, Ark .
Los Ang~I es, Calif.
)3,8
313.5
)7, I
)),)
),24J
t
I
24:600
716
J,072
34.0
t
18. 4
)),5
2,180
4,)20
I, 1.54
I , 298
129
5,640
) ,)68
10,745
3.}38
1,064
1,174
34-3
24,0
21.0
:J) . 8
)1.6
32, I
32.4
31.4
39.0
t
1).6
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24,0
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32, 5
25.)
26 , 4
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18.0
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32.2
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)0.0
25. 7
29,1
40.0
30,0
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21.4
21.0
27.6
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21.5
24.7
15. 7
2,.3
24.0
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15.9
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21. 4
20.5
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39,6
)6,6
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32.0
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25. 7
24.1
21.1
)0.3
24 . 5
22.0
36.9
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24.6'
ft
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26. 2
28.)
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35,7
28. 5
29.5
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212
Oiarl es ton , S. C.
Derby, Conn.
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2. 792
4,124
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleve land, Ohio
t
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Charlotte, N. C.
O,icago, Il l.
t
26.0
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23. 7
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29.6
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APPENDIX C
Tobi• 20-W[0IO OUOATIOtl
or
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UN[WPLOYW[NT 51NC[ LAST JOB AT USUAL OCCUPATION
Of M[N ON R[Ll[F BY WAIN OCCUPATIONAL GROUP,
79 CITIES, MAY
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URBAN WORKERS ON RELIEF
288
Tab I e 21-•ED I AN OUOU I ON OF UN[WPLOYW[NT S INC[ LAST JOB AT USUAL DCCUPAT I ON
OF •OOEN ON RlLllF RY WAIN OCCUPUIONAL GOOUP, 19 CITIES,
MAY 193•
tr,t[DI AM IN lritONfHS
TOfAl
AEPOATl~G•
CITT MID STATE
Nl.NB[R
UrbM relief sMOle
lkn)n. Ohio
Albuo.,ercaJe . N. Mex.
Nlsonia, Com.
Atla>'\ta,
Bait i1110re, '«, .
Henton Harbor. Mich.
81 lo·, d, Wiss.
H,,.ingh1r11, Ala.
Boston, W.a.s,.
Bowl ,ng Gr~.
,,.
Bridgeport, C:O.,n.
Ruffalo, N. Y.
Burl i119ton, Vt.
I\Jtte. \tent.
Charleston,
s. c.
Cha r lotte, N. C.
Chicago, Ill.
Cincinnat I, Ohio
CJ..,e l and, Ohio
O,e ,.by, Conn.
Detroit, ijich.
Oouglu, Ariz.
Dulu t h, Winn.
El PMO, Tew.
Enid, Clda.
1,1£01AN IN
"-()NTHS
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81
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103
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Evan,..,i11e, Ind.
Everett, Wash,
Findlay, Ohio
Ind.
Fort
Gastonia, N. C.
l,502
159
188
867
127
2J.9
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26.9
22.5
C10rw'ersville, M. y.
Uibbing, .. inn.
Houston , Tex.
l ndiat\<lpol is. Ind.
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96
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JCenosha, Wis.
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Lakeland, Fla.
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RocHord, Ill.
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APPENDIX C
289
Table 21-liilOIAII DUlirAJIOM or u•Et1PtOYW£JU' SINCE \.AST J08 AT USUAL OCCUPA1'011
Of •OWEII 0111 RCLl(f BY tUIW OC CUPtT10N4l GROUP. 79 Cll IES .
WAY 19)4-Cul
111 ■ -cl
\EOIAN IN Ml)lrllfHS
TOUl
llt(,ottl.,
ClfT AIIO STAT(
5t .
·-·
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lilllEOI .... HI
WOlilhtS
10.~,0
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2.t6l
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I . 170
S.011>
11. 6
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c.,.,.
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S.,. f'r..-.c•KO, C.ltf .
!Ols
Schenectadp, •• '·
$1\eltOI' , Cono .
S,ou• C, t,,
SiOIII ■ fal 11,
tllnh,notOf' ,
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a i lli•5-aarre.
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II,..,.,.
Digitized by
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Digitized by
Google
INDEX
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
INDEX
Page
Age of unemployed workers on relief •••.•••.••••••..•
41-44
comparison of with gainful workers 1930 .••... 43,-44, 268-26},
270-279
sex differences in .•.•..•...••.••....... 42, 268-269, 270-279
xv
Area, geographic, of cities surveyed .•••••..••••.•••
related toeconomic type of city ..••••••.•..••••••.•.....•
xix
occupations, principal •.•••••••••••••••••••••..
36-37
relief, incidence of .•••.••••••.••••••••••.....
2
unemployment, duration of .•••••..•••••••••••.••
~. 50
See also: Regional differences.
Assistance, public, needed for unemployable
households •.••.••• ; .••••••••••.•.••••••••••••.•
13
Rnilding and related ind1Jstries, workers on relief
from, and gainful workers 1930 •••..••.•.•••. 23--24, 92-103
14n
Cases, use of term ...•••••••••..•.••...••.••••..••••
Cities surveyeddistribution byage of unemployed workers on relief, by sex .••.
42
families with female heads to all families on
relief 193'-', ratio •.••••••.•••....••.•.••••••
9
households with no employable members to all
relief households 1934, ratio .••• • •••••••••••
13
one-person families to all relief families,
rat 10 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
8
persons on relief 1954 to all persons 19,:J,
ratio ....................................... .
unemployed workers in 6 largest occupations
to all unemployed workers on relief, ratio ...
unemployment duration of workers on relief •.••.
workers in socio-economic classes to all workers
on relief by sex, ratio •.•..•..•.•.....•••..•
geographic area, population in 1930, general
economic character, important industries in •...
grouped by employability of relief households ..•..
specialized in manufacturing and mining, proportion of unemployed workers on relief to
gainful workers 19:3() ......••..•.......•.••.....
Digitized by
2
;1
45, 50
1~22
xv
11, 13
38-39
Google
INDEX
Page
City sizepopµlation 1930, reographic area, general economic
character, and important industries in cities
xv
surveyed .............................•....•....
related toeconomic type of city ...•.•...••...•....••.•... xv, xviii
2
relief, incidence of .........•.••..•..•.•...•..
unemployment duration of workers on relief
City typegeneral economic character, important industries,
geographic area, population 1930, in cities
xv
surveyed ...•.••..•.•..•.•.••..•...•.......•••••
18-19
socio-economic class of workers on relief and ..•..
unemployment duration of workers on relief,
related to ..••.....•••.••..•......•..•.••.•....
Comparisons of workers on relief 193q with gainful
workers 1930age, by sex ......................... •.LJ2-4LJ, 268-269, 270-279
industry ....•••......•.•....•.•.•...•.•.•.•••.. 22-29, 92-103
occupationl0U-264
by race, sex, for each city .................. ..
manufacturing and mechanical .................. .
33
of 29 specialized cities ..............•...•....
38
six selecte<i ..... _.....•.•....•.....•......••..
265-267
race ..•..••......................•....... 6-7, 72-73, 1oq-264
sex, by age........ .
. .........•..•.....•. 268-269, 210-279
for each city.. . . ....................•...•.
l~-264
Consumers' i:roods inrlnst~i <"Sworkers 0n relief frol" .ind gainful workers 1930 •• 26-28, 92-103
cigar and tobac~n fActories .........•...•....••
27
clothing and st,.,c~ factories .......•....•.••••..
27
food ...................•...........•.•.••..•..•
27
textile ....•.........•.............•....••....
26-27
Definitions of terms user! in stnrly..................
Depression, pre-, unemploye--l on relief..............
Distribution of cities byage of unemployed workers 0n relief, by sex .• ,....
families with female heads to all families
on relief 193LJ, ratjo.... .....•••..•.•....•••••
households with no employable members to all
relief househol<is 193LJ, ratio..................
one-person families to all relief families,
ratio..........................................
persons on relief 193q to all persons 1930,
rat 10....
.• . • . • . . • • • . . • . . • . . • . . . • . • • . • . • • • • . • . .
Digitized by
Google
61
51
LJ2
9
13
8
2
INDEX
295
Page
Distribution of cities by-lcontinuedl
unemployed workers in 6 largest occupations to
all unemployed workers on relief, ratio ••••••.•
37
unemployment duration of workers on relief ..•....•
45, 50
workers in socio-economic classes to all
workers on relief by sex, ratio •••••••••••.••••
l<:}--22
Domestic and personal service, workers on relief in,
and gainful workers 19~0, by city ••••••••.••.•• 28, 92-103
Duration of unemployment, see Unemployment, duration
ot.
xv
&anomic character of cities surveyed ••••••.•••.••..
related togeographic area .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
xix
xix
race of workers .... ........................... .
occupations, principal •.••••.••••••.••.••••••••
one-person families •..•••••••••••••••••••••••••
relief, incidence of ••.•..••••.••••••••••••••••
.Employabilityemployable households, definition of ••••••••••••••
of households by city ....•••.•.•.•.•••••••••••••••
ratio of households with no employable members to
all relief families, distribution of cities
36, 37
8
2
11, 13
13
by .•••••..••••.......••••••••••••• ,............
13
Employment status of members of relief households.11-13, 78-79
regional differences in •.••..••..•••..•.•.••.•.... xvii-xviii
Experience, work, heads of families without ••••••• 14-16, 84-85
Families, or households, on reliefdefinition of. . • • • • • . • . . • . • . . . . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
one-personratio of to all relief families ••••••.••••.•••• 7-9,
related to economic type of city...............
sex distribution of............................
with female heads, ratio of to all relief
faJ11ilies ..••••••.••••.•.••••••••••••••••••..•. 9-11,
See also: Households.
Female heads, ratio of families with to all relief
families .•.••••••••••••••..•.•••••••••••••..•• 9-11,
See also: Women on relief.
4n
74-75
8
74-75
76-77
76-77
Gainful workers, 1930, and unemployed workers on
reliefage, by sex •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 43-44, 268-269, 270-279
industry .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 22-29, 92-103
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296
IND!sX
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Crili nfu 1 workers, 1930, and ,in employed workers
on relief-(continued)
occupationby race, sex, for each city ..•..•••••••.•••••••
manufacturing and mechanical •••••••••••••••••••
of 29 speci~li?.ed cities •••••••••••••••••••••••
104-26q
33
38
six ~elected .................................. .
265-267
occupational groups of ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
32-36
race ..........................•.......... 6-7, 72-73, 1oq-26q
Geographic area of cities surveyed ••••••••.•••••••••
xv
related toeconomic type of city ••••.•••••••••••••••••••••
xix
occupations, principal ••••••••••.••••••••••••••
36, 37
relief, incidence of ••••••••••.••••••••••••••••
2
unemployment, duration o! .•••••••••••••••••••••
q9, 50
Heads of householdsratio of female heads to all •••••••••••••••.••.•• 9-11,
socio-economic class of usual occupation of .•••••• 16,
work experience, without ••••••••••••.•••••..•••• lq-16,
Households, or families, on reliefdefinition of.....................................
employability of..................................
employment status of members •••••••••••••••••••• 11-13,
heads ofsocio-economic class of usual occupation of •••• 16,
ratio of female heads to all •••••••••••••••••• 9-11,
work experience, without ••.•••••••••••••••••• lq-16,
one-personrat io of to all relief fMlilies •••••••••••••••• 7-9,
related to economic type of city...............
sex distribution of............................
race of ••••.•••••••••••••••••••••.•.•••••••••••••• q-7,
size of. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • . • • • • • • • 14,
unemployable, type of.............................
workers per. • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • 14,
76-77
82-83
Bti-85
qn
11-13
78-79
82-83
76-77
84-85
7q-75
8
7q-75
72-73
80-81
13
80-81
Incidence of relief, see Relief, incidence of.
Industries in cities surveyed •••••••••.••••••.••••••
xv
Industries, usual, of workers on relief and gainful
workers 1930 •••••.••.••.••••••••••••.••••••• 22-29, 92-103
domestic and personal service •••••••••••••••••••••
23, 28
manufacturing and mechanical •.••••••• , ••••••••••••
22-28
building and related •••••••••••••••••••••••••••
23-24
clay, glass, and stone ••••••••.••••••••••••••
23-24
lumber ................................•......
23
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297
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Int1ustries, usual, of workers on relief and
gainful workers 1930 (continuedl
consumers' goods •.•.•.•••.•.••....••••••..••.••
ci i?ar and tobacco factories .•••••........••..
clothinr and shoe factories .•.....•.•.••.....
f oo<l ••..•.................••....•.....•.•....
textile .•...•.............•....•.•..•.•..•..•
metal .••.............•...........•.. . ••......• •
automobile factories and repair shops ..•.••••
bli\~t ftlrnaces and steel rolling mills .•.•..•
electrical machinery and supply factories ..•.
metal except iron and steel. .........•••.....·
mining ......•.........•.....•..••••........•.....•
professional service ..••..........................
p!lblic service ....•.•...•.•....•.•••••••.•.•..••••
trade .•....••.......••••..•....••..•....•.•.•.•••• •
transportation and communication .......•..••.••...
road and street building .....•.•.•••.•..••••..•
26-28
27
27
27
26-27
21'-26
21'-26
21'
21'-26
21'
22, 28
29
29
29
29
29
Lone persons, se~ One-person families.
Hanufact.11ring and mechanical industries, workers
on relief in and gainful workers 1930 ....... 22-28, 92-103
~anufacturing a~d mechanical occupations, ratio
of unefllployed workers with to all unemployed
on relief 1931', and gainful workers with to
all gain fill workers 1930.......................
33
Manufacturing and mining industries, 29 cities
specialized in. . . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . .
38-39
Metal industries, workers on relief in and
gainful workers 1930 ...•.................... 21'-26, 92-103
Mining industry, workers on relief .in and ~ainfnl
workers 1930 .................•.•.•............. 29, 92-103
Negroes on relief, households with, ratio of to
all relief households 1934 and to 1930
population ...........•.•......•.....•.......... 1'-6, 72-73
See also: Race.
Non-family persons, see One-person families.
Occupational characteristics of unemployed
workers on relief .•....••...•.......•.••.•....•
are ....•..•...•..••.••.•....••...•....•.•.....•..•
occ11pation, usual ......•...•..•..•••.........••...
unemployment, duration of ...••.........•...••...••
See also: Age; Occupations, usual; Unemployed
workers; Unemployment, duration of.
31-53
q l-L!U
31-1' 1
U4-53
•~0-37-21
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298
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Occupational groups, unemployed workers and gainful
workers 1930 in, 60 cities •••••••••••••••••••••
32-36
unemployment duration of workers on relief by,
and by sex •••••••••••••••••••••••• 5~53, 286-287, 288-2A9
Occupations, usual, of workers on relieflargest single, by race and sex •••••••••••••••••••
largest six, and of gainful workers 1930 •• 36-37, 39-140,
manufacturing and mechanical, ratio of unempioyed
workers from to all unemployed on relief, and
gainful workers in to all gainful workers 1930.
33
of gainful workers 1930, and, by race and sex, in
each city . .......................••............
race by, ·and of gainful workers 1930, in each
City .. ....•......... • .. • . • • . • • • • • • ..... • .... • . •
sex by, and of gainful workers 1930, in each
c i ty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1Oll-26LI
sex differences in, by socio-economic class of....
19-22,
86-87, AB-89, 9~91
socio-economic class ofheads of households.. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 16, 82-83
sex differences in ••••••••••••• 19-22, 86-87, 88-89, 9(}-91
unemployment duration since last job at, by race
and sex ••••••••••••••••• 144-53, 280-281, 282-283, 2814-285,
286-287, 288-289
One-person familiesratio of to all relief families ••••••••••••••••••• 7-9, 714-75
related to economic type of city ••••••••••••••••••
8
7q_75
sex distribution of .•.•.•••.•••••••.•••••••••••.••
Population 1930gainful workers in, see Gainful workers 1930.
in cities surveyed................................
xv
Pre-depression unemployed..... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Public assistance, needed for unemployable
51
J,ouseholds.....................................
13
Race-
econo,nic type of city related to race of workers..
xix
of relief householdsand of households in 1930 population ........... 14-7, 72-73
other than white or Negro in 8 cities..........
6-7
regional differences in .....••..•.•..•..••.•••• xvii-xviii
of unemployed workers on reliefand occupation and sex, in each c i tr...... . . . . .
lOQ.-261'
in largest single occupation, by sex...........
UQ-141
unen1ployment duration, differences in,
by sex and .•..•...•.•..•....•••••••••••.••• 51-52, 28q..285
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Regional differencesin employment status of households •• •••••••••••••• xvii-xviii
in race of households ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• xvii-xviii
in relief, incidence of •••••••••••••••••••••••••••
2
See also: Geographic area.
Relief, incidence ofin 79 cities, Hay 193q •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1-q, 70-71
ratio of persons on relief in 79 cities
May 193q to total population ••••••••••••••••••• 1-2, 7()-71
relationship of size, geographic location,
or economic characteristics of cities to.......
2-q
57-58
Schedule used in study ......•• ••••·•••••••• ..• ••••••
Sex differencesin age of unemployed workers on relief •• q2, 268-269, 270-279
in socio-economic class of usual occupation of
workers on relief •••••••••••••• 19-22, 86-87, 88-89, 90-91
in unemployment duration of unemployed workers
on relief ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 50-51, 200-281, 282-283
Sex distributionof one-person families on relief..................
7q-75
ratio of families with female heads to all
relief families ..........•............•..•.... 9-11, 76-77
of unemployed workers on relief1oq-26q
by occupation and race in each city ••••••••••••
qo-q1
in largest single occupation, by race ••••••••••
Semiskilled workers, cities with large proportion
of on relief .•••••.••••.•••••••••••••..••••••..
19
Size of relief households by city .................. . 1q, 80-81
Ski] led workers, cities with large proportion of on
relief ........................................ .
18-19
Socio-economic class of usual occupationof heads of households •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 16, 82-83
relationship between type of city and, of
workers on relief..............................
18-19
sex differences in •••••••••••••••• 19-22, 86-87, 88-89, 90-91
Summary of findings for individual cities...........
xvii-xx
Terms used in survey, definition of.................
61
Textile industries, workers on relief in and gainful
workers 1930 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 26-27, 92-103
Transportation .and communication industries, workers
on relief in and gainful workers 193n •••••••••• 29, 92-103
Unattached individuals, see One-person families.
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Unemployable householdsdefinition of.....................................
ratio of households with no employable ~embers
to all relief families.........................
13
type of... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
11
Unemployed workers on reliefage of ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• q1-qq, 268-269, 27fr279
q3-<Jq,
comparison of with gainful workers 1930...........
26~269, 27fr279
in main occupation groups, distribution of and
of gainful workers 1930, 60 cities •••••••••••••
32-36
occupation ofby race, sex, in each city.....................
1Qq-26q
largest single, by race, sex...................
q(rql
largest six, and gainful workers 1930 in.......
36-37,
39-40, 265-26 7
in manufacturing and mechanical, ratio of to
all unemployed workers on relief.............
33
manufacturing and mining, in 29 cities,
proportion of, and gainful workers 1930......
3~39
occupational characteristics of...................
31-53
race, by occupation, sex, in each city............
1Qq-26q
sex, by occupation, race, in each city ..... .-......
1Qq-26q
sex differences in age of •••••••••.••••• q2, 268-269, 27fr279
unemployment duration of, by race, sex ••••••• qq-53, 28fr281,
282-283, 28ij-285, 286-287, 288-289
See also: Workers on relief.
Unemployment, duration of, of workers on relief.....
city, si7.e of, as related to......................
city, type of, as related to......................
qq-!B
q9
q6-q9
differences in....................................
q5-ll6
di~tribution of by cities.........................
q5
occupational group and sex, by ••••••• 52-53, 286-287, 288-289
pre-depression unemployed.........................
51
race differences in ••••••••••••••••••.•••••••• 51,-52, 28q-285
regional differences in •••••••••••••••••••• :......
q9-50
sex differences in ••••..•••••••••••• 50-51, 280-281, 282-283,
29'-285, 286-287, 288-289
Unskilled workers, cities with large proportion of
on relief......................................
19
White collar workerscities with large proportion of on relief ••• :.....
18
clerical. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 20, 35-36
professional •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 20, 29, 35
prop ri et ary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . • . • . . . . .
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Women on reliefage of unemployed workers on relief, by sex .• q1~q, 268-269,
270-279
as one-person families on relief ••••••••••••••••••
7q-75
fa111ilies with female heads, ratio of to all
families on relief •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9-11, 76-77
occupation of, by socio-economic class of usual.19-22, 90-91
Work experience, heads of families without •••••••• 1q-16, M-85
Workers on reliefcity type and socio-economic class of, relationship between .•••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••
18-19
definition of ••••••..•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
13n
female, socio-economic class of usual occupation
o! ... ....................................... . 19--22, 90-91
gainful, 1930, see Gainful workers 1930.
industries, usual, of, see Industries.
male, socio-economic class of usual occupation •• 19-22, 88-89
number of per relief household •••••••••••••••••••• 1q, 80-81
semiskilled, cities with large proportion of ••••••
19
sex differences in socio-economic class of usual
occupation of •••••••••••••••••• 19-22, 86-87, 88-89, 90-91
skilled, cities with large proportions of •••••••••
18-19
socio-economic class of and city type, relationship between ••••• ••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••
18-19
unskilled, cities with large proportion of ••••••••
19
white collar, cities with large proportion of •••••
18
See also: Unemployed workers on relief.
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@FedFRASER