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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR F r a n c e s P e r k i n s , Secretary B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S I s a d o r L u b i n , Com m issioner U nion W ages, H ours, and W ork in g Conditions in the Building Trades June 1, 1939 ♦ Prepared by INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS DIVISION Florence Peterson, Chief Bulletin 7s[o. 674 U N IT E D G O V E R N M E N T S T A T ES P R IN T IN G W A S H IN G T O N O F F IC E : 19 4 0 For sale by the Superintendent o f Documents, Washington, D . C. Price 15 cents CONTENTS Page Preface____________________________________________________________________________ ix W ages and H o u rs Summary__________________________________________________________________________ Scope and method_________________________________________________________________ List of cities covered_________________________________________________________ Definitions____________________________________________________________________ Trend of union wage rates and hours, 19 0 7 -3 9 _____________________ Trends in individual trades______________________________________________ Changes in union scales between 1938 and 1939_______________________________ Average union wage rates, 1939_________________________________________________ Differences by size of city and region______________________________________ Average rates in each city__________________________________________________ Wage rates for special types of work____________________________________________ Home building_______________________________________________________________ Overtime rates____________________________________________________________________ Union hours, 1939________________________________________________________________ 1 2 2 3 6 7 12 17 19 22 25 25 27 29 P r o v is io n s in U n io n A g r e e m e n ts Parties to the agreements________________________________________________________ Qualifications of employers_________________________________________________ Duration of the agreements______________________________________________________ Union status and coverage of agreement________________________________________ The check-off________________________________________________________________ Working employers__________________________________________________________ Foremen______________________________________________________________________ Union hiring_________________________________________________________________ Aids to enforcement________________________*______________________________ Wage regulations: Older or disabled workers___________________________________________________ Minimum call pay___________________________________________________________ Piece work, lumping, or subcontracting labor_____________________________ Wage payment_______________________________________________________________ Hours and shift provisions: Hours per da y ________________________________________________________________ Days per week_______________________________________________________________ Overtime restrictions________________________________________________________ Regulation of shifts__________________________________________________________ Sundays and holidays: Sundays______________________________________________________________________ H olid ays_____________________________________________________________________ Restrictions on holiday work_______________________________________________ Seniority and sharing of work____________________________________________________ hi 31 33 33 34 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 37 38 38 39 39 39 40 40 40 IV CONTENTS Page Working rules__________________________________________________________________ Material and tool restrictions____________________________________________ Furnishing tools___________________________________________________________ Maintenance of tools_____________________________________________________ Travel between jobs or job and office___________________________________ Use of employees’ cars____________________________________________________ Volume of work____________________________________________________ Minimum quality of work________________________________________________ Original contractor clause________________________________________________ Discharge__________________________________________________________________ Miscellaneous_____________________________________________________________ Out-of-town work______________________________________________________________ Out-of-town contractors_______________________________________________________ Apprentices_____________________________________________________________________ Health and safety______________________________________________________________ Adjustment of disputes: Stewards___________________________________________________________________ Business agents___________________________________________________________ Grievance committees____________________________________________________ Employer representatives________________________________________________ Joint boards_______________________________________________________________ Arbitration_____________________________________________________________________ Subjects of arbitration____________________________________________________ Strikes and lock-outs__________________________________________________________ Jurisdictional controversies_______________________________________________ 41 41 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 44 44 44 45 45 47 48 48 49 49 49 50 51 51 51 U n i o n Sca les o f W a g e s a n d H o u r s , b y T r a d e s a n d C i t i e s Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, June 1, 1939, and June 1, 1938________________________________________________ 53 A p p e n d ix e s A p pen d ix A.— Changes in rates after June 1, 1939__________________________ A p pen d ix B.— Wages and hours in supplementary building trades-------------- 82 84 T a b le s T able 1.-— Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in all building trades, 1907 to 1939__________________________________ T able 2.— Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in each building trade, 1907 to 1939___________________________________ T able 3.— Number of changes in union wage-rate quotations and percent age of members affected, June 1, 1939, compared with June 1, 1938___________________________________________________________ T able 4.— Number of increases in union wage-rate quotations, and per centage of members affected, by percentage of increase, June 1, 1939, compared with June1, 1938------------------------------T able 5.— Number of changes in union hour quotations, and percentage of members affected, June 1, 1939,compared with June 1, 1938_ T able 6.— Distribution of union members in the building trades, by hourly wage rates, June 1, 1939________________________________________ T able 7.— Average union hourly wage rates in the building trades, by region and population group, June1, 1939_____________________ T able 8.— Average union hourly wage rates in the building trades, by cities and population groups, June 1, 19 39 „____ 7 8 13 14 15 18 22 23 CONTENTS V Page T a b l e T a b l e T a b l e T a b l e 9.— Overtime rates provided in building-trades union agreements, June 1, 1939_____________________________________________________ 10.— Distribution of union members in each building trade, by weekly hours,June 1, 1939___________________________________ 11.— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, June 1, 1939, and June 1, 1938________________________ 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in supplementary building trades, by cities, June 1, 1939__________________ 28 30 53 84 Charts C h ar t C h a r t C h a r t 1.— Union wage rates and hours in building trades, 19 0 7 -3 9 _______ 2.— Distribution of union building trades workers according to hourly wage rates, June 1, 1939_________________________ ______ 3.— Average union wage rates in building trades according to size of city and region, June 1, 1939_______________________________ x 16 20 L ette r o f T ra n sm itta l U n it ed S tates D epar tm ent of L a b o r , B u r e a u of L abor S ta tistic s , Washington , D . C., M arch 1 , 1940. The S e c retary of L a b o r : I have the honor to transmit herewith the annual report on Union Wages, Hours, and Working Conditions in the Building Trades as of June 1, 1939, showing actual and average rates for each trade and average rates for all trades in 72 cities of the United States. I sador L u b in , Commissioner. Hon. F rances P e r k in s , Secretary of Labor. VII Preface The Bureau of Labor Statistics has made surveys of union wages and hours in the building trades in selected cities each year since 1907. The earliest studies included 37 cities. The coverage was gradually extended— the present study including 72 cities. The 1939 report not only shows the actual rates of each trade in each of the cities covered, but also average rates for each trade, as well as the average rates of all the trades in each city. There is also included a table showing the trend throughout the period 1907-39. For the first time since these annual surveys were undertaken, a complete analysis has been made of the provisions in the agreements other than those pertaining to wages and hours. Among other matters, the provisions include statements with regard to the con tractual relationship between the unions and the employers, methods of enforcing agreements, methods of adjusting disputes, and detailed working rules. This bulletin was prepared by the Industrial Relations Division, under the supervision of Florence Peterson, chief of the division. Frank S. McElroy was in immediate charge of the field work and the preparation of the bulletin. I sador L tjbin, Commissioner o f Labor Statistics . F e b r u a r y 1, 1940. IX CHART I . UNION WAGE RATES AND HOURS IN BUILDING TRADES U .S . BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Bulletin 7\[o. 674 o f the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics U nion W ages, H ours, and W o rk in g Conditions in the Building Trades, June 1, 1939 W ages and H ou rs Su m m ary The average union wage rate per hour was $1,364 for all of the building trades in the 72 cities covered in a survey by the Bureau of Labor Statistics on June 1, 1939. The average for the journeyman trades was $1,468, and for the helper and laborer trades, $0,866. The hourly-wage rate index for all building trades advanced to 107.4 (1929 = 100), a rise of 0.6 percent above 1938. Increases in wage scales were reported in 14.6 percent of the quotations com parable with 1938 and applied to about 10 percent of the total buildingtrades union membership included in the study. Weekly hours as provided for in the agreements of all trades averaged 38.3 in 1939. The journeymen averaged 38.1 hours, and helpers and laborers, 39.5 hours. Comparatively few changes in hour scales were reported. The index of union scales of hours de clined 0.1 percent to 88.5 (1929 = 100). Forty hours per week was the union scale for 68.8 percent of the total membership covered in the study. Less than 40-hour scales were specified for 27.1 percent of the members. Only 4.1 percent had a basic workweek of over 40 hours. In the cities included in this survey, union wage rates generally apply to the construction of all public buildings, large commercial buildings, and larger residences. In the construction of small dwell ings, however, the union scales are frequently not effective. Rate differentials favoring dwelling construction are provided in a few agreements. Lower rates or longer weekly hours are sometimes provided for maintenance and repair work than for regular construc tion. A few agreements specify higher pro rata rates for broken time work than for full weekly employment. 1 Scope and M eth o d o f th e S tu d y Cities Covered The cities covered in the survey of union scales of wages and hours in the building trades are located in 40 States and the District of Columbia. They include cities of all sizes from the largest to some with a population of around 40,000; 53 of them are located in the North and Pacific regions and 19 in the South and Southwest. List of Cities Covered [Numerals indicate the population group in which the city was included in tables 7 and 8] North and Pacific New Haven, Conn. 4. Baltimore, M d. 2. Boston, Mass. 2. New York, N. Y . 1. Omaha, Nebr. 4. Buffalo, N. Y . 2. Butte, Mont. 5. Peoria, 111. 4. Charleston, W . Va. 5. Philadelphia, Pa. 1. Pittsburgh, Pa. 2. Chicago, 111. 1. Cincinnati, Ohio. 3. Portland, Maine. 5. Cleveland, Ohio. 2. Portland, Oreg. 3. Providence, R. I. 3. Columbus, Ohio. 3. Davenport, Iowa, included in Rock Reading, Pa. 4. Rochester, N. Y . 3. Island (111.) district. Rock Island (111.) district. D ayton, Ohio. 4. St. Louis, M o. 2. Denver, Colo. 3. St. Paul, Minn. 3. Des Moines, Iowa. 4. Salt Lake City, Utah. 4. Detroit, Mich. 1. San Francisco, Calif. 2. Duluth, Minn. 4. Scranton, Pa. 4. Erie, Pa. 4. Grand Rapids, Mich. 4. Seattle, Wash. 3. Indianapolis, Ind. 3. South Bend, Ind. 4, Kansas City, M o. 3. Spokane, Wash. 4. Los Angeles, Calif. 1. Springfield, Mass. 4. Madison, Wis. 5. Toledo, Ohio. 3. Washington, D . C. 3. Manchester, N. H. 5. Wichita, Kans. 4. Milwaukee, Wis. 2. Minneapolis, Minn. 3. Worcester, Mass. 4. Moline, 111., included in Rock Island York, Pa. 5. Youngstown, Ohio. 4. (111.) district. Newark, N. J. 3. 2 4. 3 SCOPE AND METHOD S o u th a n d S o u th w e st Atlanta, Ga. 3. Birmingham, Ala. 3. Charleston, S. C. 5. Charlotte, N. C. 5. Dallas, Tex. 3. El Paso, Tex. 4. Houston, Tex. 3. Jackson, Miss. 5. Jacksonville, Fla. 4. Little Rock, Ark. 5. Louisville, K y. 3. Memphis, Tenn. 3. Nashville, Tenn. 4. New Orleans, La. 3. Norfolk, Va. 4. Oklahoma City, Okla. Phoenix, Ariz. 5. Richmond, Va. 4. San Antonio, Tex. 4. 3. C ollection o f the data .— As far as possible, the scales collected were those actually in force on June 1. The collection of the data was made by agents of the Bureau who personally visited some responsible official of each local union included in the study. Each scale was verified by the union official interviewed, and was further checked by comparison with the written agreements when copies were available. Interviews were obtained with 1,551 union representatives and 2,729 quotations of scales were received. The union membership covered by these contractual scales of wages and hours was approximately 444,000. Definitions A union scale is a wage rate or schedule of hours agreed to by an employer (or group of employers) and a labor organization for per sons who are actually working or would be working if there were work to be done in that locality. A union scale usually fixes a limit in one direction, that is, a minimum wage rate and maximum hours of work with specific provisions for overtime. The union may be (1) either an independent local union, (2) one affiliated with a national or international federation, (3) an organiza tion embracing one craft or more than one craft, or (4) one having a contract with only one employer or more than one employer. A collective agreement is a mutual arrangement between a union and an employer (or group of employers) regarding wages and hours and other working conditions. Collective agreements are usually written and signed by both parties, although oral agreements may be equally binding. The Bureau has included scales set under oral agreements only in those cases where there was clear evidence that the rates were actually in effect. A p p r e n tic e s a n d f o r e m e n .'—A young person working in a trade for a definite number of years, for the purpose of learning the trade, and receiving instruction as an element of compensation, is considered an apprentice. Scales for apprentices have not been included. Scales for helpers in a number of trades were collected. In some trades the work of helpers is performed at least in part by apprentices. When- 4 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES ever it was found that helpers’ work was done largely by apprentices, the scales for such helpers were omitted. No rates were collected for strictly supervising foremen nor for individuals who were paid unusual rates because of some personal qualification as distinct from the usual trade qualifications. U n io n rates an d actual ra tes .—As mentioned above, the rates of wages and hours included in this report were obtained from union business agents, secretaries, and other officials of local unions in the 72 cities visited. A large majority of the rates were recorded in written agreements, copies of which in most cases were given to the agents for the Bureau’s files. Where no written records were on file in the union office, the Bureau representative listed the scales on a schedule which the union official then signed. If the Bureau repre sentative had any reason to doubt the accuracy of these scales, he made further inquiry from persons who might be informed about the situation. It is believed that the scales collected in this survey ac curately represent the union scales in effect on June 1, 1939. It does not necessarily follow, however, that these scales are in all cases the actual wages paid or hours worked. The union agreement usually fixes the minimum wages and maximum hours. More experienced and skilled workers may command more than the union rate. This is especially true during periods of prosperity, when a plentiful supply of jobs creates competitive bidding for the better workmen. In periods of depression, in order to spread or share avail able work, actual hours worked are sometimes less than those provided in the union agreement. Where such a share-the-work policy was formally adopted by the union and in effect for a majority of the members, the adjusted scale of hours is used in this report rather than the theoretical scale appearing in the written agreement. U n io n rates an d p reva ilin g ra tes .—This report is concerned only with the contract scales for union members on union jobs. No attempt has been made to discover what proportions of all the workers in the different occupations are members of the unions. Inasmuch as union strength varies from city to city and between trades, the prevailing scale for any occupation in any one city may or may not coincide with the union scale. Where practically all the workers of a particular trade belong to the local union, the union scale will be equivalent to the prevailing scale in that community. On the other hand, where the proportion of craftsmen belonging to the union is small, the union scale may not be the actual prevailing scale. A v e r a g e s .—The averages for each trade given in this report are weighted according to the number of members in the various local unions. Thus the averages reflect not only the specific rates provided in the union agreements, but also the number of persons presumably benefiting from these rates. SCOPE AND METHOD 5 Index numbers.'—In the series of index numbers the percentage change from year to year is based on aggregates computed from the quotations of the unions which furnished reports for identical occupa tions in both years. The membership weights in both of the aggre gates used in each year-to-year comparison are those reported for the second year. The index for each year is computed by multiplying the index for the preceding year by the ratio of the aggregates so obtained. The index numbers were revised on this basis in 1936 in order to eliminate the influence of changes in union membership which obscure the real changes in wages and hours. For the trend of union rates, the table of indexes should be consulted: fo r a comparison of wage rates between trades or cities at a given tim e , the table o f averages should be used . T re n d o f U n io n W age R ates and H o u rs, 1907 to 1939 The index of union hourly wage rates for all building trades rose to 107.4, on June 1, 1939. The advance from the preceding year, however, amounted to only 0.6 percent, the smallest percentage increase recorded in any year since the present upward movement of the index began in 1934. The relative stability of union wage rates in the building trades during the year covered by this study contrasts strongly with the up ward movement which has characterized their previous advance from the depression lows of 1933. In 1934 the index rose 0.7 percent above 1933; in 1935 it advanced 1.1 percent over 1934. The years 1936 and 1937 recorded increasingly greater percentage advances over the preceding years, and the advance of 8.9 percent in 1938 surpassed all previous annual increases since 1923. While the journeymen’s wage-rate index of 106.8 represents the highest thus far obtained, it is only 0.6 percent above that for 1938. The helpers and laborers’ index of wage rates advanced considerably more rapidly than that of the journeymen in 1936, 1937, and 1938, and maintained a greater relative increase in the past year, although at 112.6 it was only 0.8 percent above the 1938 index. The indexes of union scales of hours per week continued to move downward, but in each case the decline was relatively slight. For all building trades combined, the index of 88.5 showed a decrease of 0.1 percent over the year. The journeymen’s index of hours (88.3) also dropped 0.1 percent and the helpers and laborers’ index (89.7) declined 0.2 percent. The complete series of annual index numbers from 1907 to 1939 is shown in table 1. 6 U N IO N T able 1 .— WAGE RATES AND 7 HOURS Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in all building trades, 1907 to 1939 Index numbers (1929=100) Year All building trades Wage rate 1907_______________________ 1908_______________________ 1909_______________________ 1910_______________________ 1911_______________________ 1912_______________________ 1913_______________________ 1914_______________________ 1915_______________________ 1916_______________________ 1917_______________________ 1918_______________________ 1919_______________________ 1920_______________________ 1921_______________________ 1922_______________________ 1923_______________________ 1924_______________________ 1925_______________________ 1926_______________________ 1927_______________________ 1928_______________________ 1929_______________________ 1930_______________________ 1931_______________________ 1932_______________________ 1933_______________________ 1934_______________________ 1935_______________________ 1936_______________________ 1937_______________________ 1938_______________________ 1939___ ____ _______________ 31. 5 33. 5 35.1 36. 5 37. 1 37.9 38.8 39.6 39.9 41.2 43. 8 48.6 55.7 75.2 76.6 71.8 79.4 85.7 89.0 94.8 98.1 98.7 100.0 104.2 104.5 89.3 86.8 87.4 88.4 91.6 98.0 106. 7 107.4 Hours 110.0 108.3 106.8 105. 5 105.1 104.8 104. 6 104.2 104.1 103.7 103. 5 102.9 102.4 101.9 101.8 101.8 101.9 101. 9 101.9 101.7 101. 5 100.9 100.0 97.2 96.0 94.3 94.0 90.5 89.8 89.8 90.2 88. 7 88. 5 Journeymen Wage rate 31.7 33.8 35. 5 37.0 37.6 38.5 39.4 40.3 40.6 42.0 44.3 49.0 56.0 74.9 76.3 71.9 79.2 85.6 88.8 91. 7 97.9 98.7 100.0 104.1 104.5 89.3 86.9 87.4 88.4 91.3 97.6 106.1 106.8 Helpers and laborers Hours 109.3 107.7 106.4 105.2 104.8 104. 5 104.2 103.9 103.8 103. 4 103.2 102.6 102.2 101. 7 101.6 101.7 101.8 101.8 101.8 101.6 101.4 100.7 100.0 97.1 95.8 94.1 93.8 90.3 89.6 89.6 90.0 88.4 88.3 Wage rate 30.7 32.1 33.2 34.3 34.5 34.8 35.8 36. 2 36.5 37.7 41. 4 48.0 55.5 80. 5 81.3 74.0 78. 5 84.9 87.7 95.6 97.3 98. 3 100.0 105.1 104.5 89.2 85.2 87.7 88.2 93.4 101.5 111.7 112.6 Hours 113.1 110.8 108.5 106.6 106.4 106.1 106.1 105. 5 105.4 105.1 104.7 104.3 103.3 102.7 102. 7 102.4 102.6 102.6 102.4 102.2 102.2 102.1 100. 0 97.8 97.0 94.8 94.4 91.4 90.8 91.0 91.3 89.9 89.7 Trends m Individual Trades The wage-rate index of every trade included in the survey rose somewhat between 1938 and 1939 (table 2). In most cases the rise was small, the majority moving less than a full index point. The largest advance in the journeyman group was that of the lathers’ index, which is 3.3 percent higher than in 1938, bringing the current index to 116.4. The elevator constructors’ helpers also had a 3.3 percent increase in their index, which rose from 104.5 in 1938 to 107.9 in 1939. The 1939 indexes of wage rates represent all-time highs for all trades except the bricklayers, granite cutters, painters, sign painters, and stonecutters. Only the granite cutters, sign painters, and stone cutters’ indexes were lower in 1939 than 10 years previously in 1929. 218646°— 40------ 2 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 8 The steam and sprinkler fitters' helpers had the greatest advance above the 1929 level, the index now being 122.5. Three other indexes, those of the engineers (117.4), the lathers (116.4), and the composition roofers (115.2), are all more than 15 percent above 1929. T able 2, — In d e x es o f u n io n h o u rly wage rates and w eek ly hours in each building trade , 1 9 0 7 to 1 9 3 9 [1929=100] Year 1907 _______ 1908 ______ 1909 1910 1911 ___ ___ 1912 1913 _____ 1914 1915 1916_________ 1917_________ 1918_________ 1919_________ 1920_________ 1921_________ 1922_________ 1923_________ 1924_________ 1925____ ____ 1926_________ 1927_________ 1928_________ 1929_________ 1930_________ 1931_________ 1932_________ 1933_________ 1934_________ 1935....... .......... 1936_________ 1937_________ 1938_________ 1939_________ Asbestos workers Bricklayers Carpenters Electricians Elevator con Cement fin (inside wire- structors ishers men) Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours rate rate rate rate rate rate 40.0 42.1 47.1 57.3 74.5 75.5 70.3 72.9 81.4 84.6 90.5 95.0 95.6 100.0 105.8 106.8 89.0 88.7 88.6 89.8 93.4 100.6 110.3 110.8 103.0 102.6 102.0 101.0 100.9 101.1 101.1 100.9 101.0 101.0 101.0 100.9 100.9 100.0 96.3 94.0 92.8 91.8 91.7 91.0 91.3 91.0 89.5 89.5 37.9 38.9 39.7 40.4 40.4 41.0 41.7 42.8 42.9 43.3 44.8 48.1 53.4 72.8 72.3 70.4 79.7 84.3 89.2 94.7 97.0 97.8 100.0 102.4 102.2 87.5 85.2 84.5 84.2 84.7 90.6 100.1 100.6 112.0 109.6 107.3 105.3 104.9 104.9 104.7 104.2 104.1 103.9 103.6 103.6 103.4 103.3 103.3 103.3 103.3 103.2 103.1 103.2 102.7 102.7 100.0 97.6 96.1 93.9 94.9 93.3 93.2 93.2 94.1 91.0 91.1 32.0 34.0 35.9 37.6 38.1 38.9 39.5 40.1 40.6 41.8 45.5 50.5 58.2 77.8 78.4 72.7 81.0 86.7 88.5 95.0 98.1 98.4 100.0 104.0 104.2 85.4 85.2 86.7 87.8 92.3 98.3 107.1 107.3 107.2 105.6 104.4 103.1 102.6 102.5 102.4 102.0 102.0 102.0 102.0 100.9 100.3 100.4 100.3 100.4 100.7 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.0 100.0 96.9 95.4 93.0 91.6 90.8 90.4 90.5 90.3 88.6 88.6 38.5 38.4 39.6 40.0 41.5 41.5 42.5 42.9 43.3 43.7 46.2 51.0 57.2 77.7 80.3 74.5 81.5 90.1 90.6 96.7 101.0 100.0 100.0 106.6 107.0 93.4 91.2 92.1 92.6 95.0 101.9 111.3 111.7 109.1 108.1 108.9 108.7 107.7 107.7 106.5 105.8 105.8 104.2 103.0 102.5 101.7 101.2 101.2 101.1 101.1 101.1 100.8 100.8 100.5 99.9 100.0 96.1 95.0 93.9 95.7 92.2 92.0 91.6 91.7 88.9 88.9 31.3 34.2 35.3 36.3 36. 7 37.1 37.9 39.1 39.9 40.7 43.3 48.2 55.2 72.8 75.4 71.1 73.8 82.4 86.7 91.3 95.1 96.0 100.0 101.8 103.2 98.5 89.9 90.1 94.4 96.9 101.1 111.4 112.0 110.3 109. 5 108.8 108.2 108.0 107.6 107.2 106.8 106.2 105.3 104.9 104.2 103.3 103.0 103.0 103.0 103.0 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.4 100.0 97.6 96.6 94.3 94.3 88.7 85.1 85.4 89.6 89.1 88.8 41.8 42.1 43.1 46.2 49.2 57.3 73.6 77.4 72.4 76.9 86.3 90.5 95.3 98.8 99.8 100.0 104.7 105.2 97.9 91.0 91.2 91.3 92.4 96.0 107.7 109.5 102.7 102. 2 102.1 101.6 101.6 100.9 100.8 100.7 100.4 100.5 100.5 100.4 100.4 100.4 100.4 100.0 96.8 95.0 95.0 93.0 92.2 91.9 92.6 92.4 91.7 89.5 9 U NIO N WAGE RATES AND HOURS In d e x es o f u n io n h ou rly wage rates and w eek ly hours in each building trade, 1 9 0 7 to 1 9 3 9 — Continued Engineers (portable and hoisting) Wage rate Glaziers Hours Wage rate 1907. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911. 1912. 1913. 41.8 43.0 105.6 104.1 1914. 1915. 1916. 1917. 1918. 1919. 1920. 43.6 43.6 44.1 46. 5 53.2 58.3 75.5 104.0 103.5 103.1 102.4 1921. 1922. 1923. 1924. 1925. 1926. 1927. 76.7 72.2 79.8 84.8 88.5 93.4 96.4 1928. 1929. 1930. 19311932. 1933. 1934. 100.4 99.7 98.5 107.7 107.7 100.7 99.6 101.4 95.1 93.7 92.6 91.7 89.7 104.6 105.3 1935. 1936. 1937. 1938. 1939. 103.1 104.2 89.2 89.7 89.5 89.3 89.2 94.1 95.5 104.6 100.8 100.3 99.8 99.4 99.1 98.7 98.7 99.0 99.2 100.8 45.9 49.1 71.0 72.2 72.4 76.7 80.9 90.0 91.2 97.4 Hours Granite cutters Wage rate Hours 102.5 102.3 102.3 101.9 101.6 101.2 100.0 39.4 40.3 104.0 104.0 40.3 40.5 42.2 43.8 52.2 61.7 76.0 100.4 100.4 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.3 41.0 41.5 42.7 44.4 47.9 53.3 76.0 104.0 103.5 103.5 103.0 103.0 102.7 100.3 77.2 72.5 80.1 86.4 94.2 96.6 100.5 97.1 102.0 102.3 102.1 101.8 101.5 101.0 112.6 116.0 117.4 88.2 88.0 93.2 112.2 113.0 105.1 105.2 94.2 90.7 90.6 95.2 94.4 94.8 93.6 92.1 104.3 103.7 93.1 89.7 92.1 94.3 93.8 93.3 92.9 87.5 87.5 87.8 87.9 86.3 90.5 90.5 91.0 96.3 97.7 92.1 91.5 91.9 85.3 85.3 93.1 95.5 101.8 87.4 86.5 87.7 112.7 116.4 85.4 88.1 86.1 Plasterers 114.1 112.3 110.7 109.3 108.6 108.5 107.9 39.9 39.8 40.1 40.5 40.8 41.6 42.0 108.8 108.3 108.3 108.2 108.8 107.5 107.5 37.8 38.2 38.8 39.1 41.4 41.6 43.0 104.7 104.8 104.8 104.6 104.3 103.5 103.5 1914. 1915. 1916. 1917. 1918. 1919. 1920. 38.5 38.7 42.3 43.6 48.1 56.3 76.7 107.6 107.6 106.9 106.8 106.3 106.1 103.0 42.2 42.4 43.9 45.2 47.6 54.9 71.7 107.4 106.9 105.8 105.7 105.4 105.4 105.2 43.6 43.9 44.3 45.8 50.6 57.2 74.0 103.1 103.1 102.6 102.5 101.6 101.3 101.3 36.2 37.1 37.4 39.5 44.8 49.8 70.8 101.1 74.2 101.1 71.0 101.1 71.9 86.6 101.1 83.3 88.4 101.1 85.8 102.2 95.2 101.1 93.3 101.0 101.8 97.2 100.9 95.9 100.2 100.3 101.2 100.9 99.2 100.9 98.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 78.9 73.8 81.0 85.3 90.0 95.4 98.6 103.1 103.9 103.6 103.5 103.8 103.4 103.0 75.6 72.7 81.0 90.6 92.1 98.9 104.9 105.0 105.5 105.6 105.3 77.4 71.9 79.4 105.6 106.1 89.6 87.8 86.4 98.9 98.0 97.9 97.7 85.6 105.0 104.7 87.1 83.7 84.6 97.7 97.0 95.2 97.2 93.1 103.9 105.1 91.4 90.6 91.4 95.4 94.1 93.7 93.3 92.4 106.0 106.7 93.2 91.2 93.0 86.7 91.1 97.7 104.2 105.0 85.5 85.9 85.9 85.6 91.6 90.1 90.2 86.5 86.5 92.8 95.2 100.4 112.5 113.5 91.8 90.6 91.1 86.5 95.6 96.2 103.7 114.8 115.2 86.0 85.7 86.1 94.9 106.1 107.0 86.1 Marble setters Wage rate 38.4 38.8 39.0 39.5 39.9 40.1 42.7 43.2 43.6 43.8 43.8 46.1 51.2 67.7 86.8 Mosaic and terrazzo workers Hours Wage rate Hours 102.6 102.6 101.5 101.3 100.9 100.9 100.9 100.7 100.7 100.5 100.4 100.4 37.7 39.7 42.9 46.1 100.0 100.0 68.2 68.8 100.1 69.4 67.4 100.1 67.4 76.2 100.1 69.0 79.7 100.1 81.5 81.4 100.1 85.7 91.0 100.1 87.5 92.9 100.0 91.1 93.4 100.0 95.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.3 94.7 104.7 100.8 93.0 105.6 103.9 103.9 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.3 100.2 100.2 99.9 99.9 100.0 92.3 89.2 92.0 91.9 90.9 97.2 89.5 90.8 94.5 93.6 89.8 91.0 90.9 89.4 89.9 95.1 103.2 103.5 90.9 90.8 90.8 90.8 90.8 90.8 91.1 95.4 106.0 107.5 90.3 89.4 90.0 87.7 87.7 88.8 Plumbers and Roofers— com Roofers— slate gas fitters position and tile 27.5 30.5 32.6 34.6 35.3 35.7 37.3 1935. 101.9 96.8 95.1 92.9 92.9 1907. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911. 1912. 1913. 1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 102.1 101.1 98.2 100.3 100.8 100.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Painters 1921. 1922. 1923. 1924. 1925. 1926. 1927. Wage Hours rate 36.6 36.8 37.4 37.6 37.7 38.1 40.1 101.6 101.6 101.2 101.6 83.7 100.1 83.5 101.7 99.3 101.2 85.1 99.9 101.2 85.8 100.2 100.8 86.8 100.3 101.2 97.7 100.1 101.5 Lathers Sheet-metal workers 33.8 34.5 34.7 35.7 36.8 37.6 39.3 105.4 105.3 105.3 105.3 105.0 103.7 103.5 103.4 103.2 103.7 103.7 103.7 103.0 102.5 102.5 102.5 37.0 38.4 39.5 42.1 46.1 52.5 67.9 104.0 104.0 103.6 101.8 101.8 101.5 101.5 40.7 41.3 42.0 43.8 51.3 56.6 75.9 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 73.9 70.7 78.8 87.3 91.3 94.3 98.8 101.4 101.3 78.7 73.0 96.1 94.9 93.9 95.1 92.6 103.1 103.5 89.9 87.7 87.2 95.7 94.1. 94.1 94.1 93.8 104.6 106.2 92.1 89.4 89.7 96.3 94.7 93.3 93.2 91.9 92.5 93.1 93.2 91.5 91.6 89.5 90.2 96.9 103.4 104.4 92.6 93.4 93.3 92.2 92.2 90.4 92.2 98.9 108.8 110.4 92.0 91.9 92.0 90.1 90.1 102.8 101.6 101.2 100.8 100.8 102.7 100.7 101.6 78.6 100.7 101.2 86.3 100.7 101.2 89.2 100.7 101.2 95.3 100.7 101.2 98.2 100.4 100.5 99.0 101.2 96.3 100.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BU ILD IN G TRADES 2 —Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in each building . trade, 1907 to 1989— C on tin u ed Steam and Structuralsprinkler Stonecutters Stonemasons iron workers Tile layers flitters Year Wage Hours Wage Hours* Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours rate rate rate rate rate rate 38.1 101. 2 34.7 106.8 31.8 108.1 33.8 105.9 1907 34. 2 105.9 38.2 101.2 35. 2 106.8 34.7 105.9 190S 38.9 105.6 38.2 101. 2 35.3 106.8 37.2 104.5 1909 36.1 105.0 38.4 101.2 35.6 105. 2 39.5 103.4 1910 37.3 104.9 38.5 101.2 36.0 104.5 40.5 103. 2 1911 37.9 104.2 38.6 100.9 36.4 104.5 41.2 102.1 42.7 102.8 1912 ____ 39.9 103.8 39.6 100.8 37.6 104.4 42.5 101.7 44.8 102. 3 106.7 39.3 1913__________ 1914__________ 40.1 106.3 40.0 102.5 41.1 100.8 38.7 104.4 43.3 101.5 45.0 102.3 1915__________ 40.1 106.0 40.9 102.5 41.4 100.8 39.1 104.3 43.3 101. 5 45. 3 101.9 1916__________ 40.9 106.1 41.7 102.2 41.8 100.4 39.7 104.1 44.0 101. 2 45.9 101.4 1917__________ 42.7 105.6 43.3 102.1 43.8 100.3 41.2 104.0 46.6 101.0 48.2 101.1 1918__________ 46.7 105.5 47.3 101.1 46.7 100.3 45.2 104.0 53.4 100.7 49.6 101.1 1919__________ 56.1 105. 4 53.2 101.0 55.5 100.3 50.7 103.4 60.1 100.5 54.1 100.7 1920__________ 75.7 105.3 70.2 100.9 72.7 100.2 70.7 103.4 76.2 100.5 72.8 100.4 1921__________ 78.5 105.4 71.1 100.8 74.7 100.2 72.4 103.5 77.6 100.5 72.2 100. 5 1922__________ 77.8 105.4 69.5 100.8 71.7 100.2 67.4 103.4 70.5 100.5 71.0 100.3 1923__________ 84.0 103.4 72.9 100.8 78.2 100.1 79.7 103.4 75.1 100.5 77.6 100.6 1924__________ 95.7 101.6 83.6 100.8 84.0 100.1 84.5 103.1 85.0 100.5 88.1 100.6 1925__________ 96.7 101.6 88.0 100.8 87.5 100.3 86.1 103.1 85.9 100.2 90.2 100.6 1926__________ 96. 2 103.7 95.3 100.7 95.4 100.1 94.9 103.3 92.4 100.5 94.6 100.6 1927__________ 98.9 101.8 98.0 100.5 95.1 100.1 96.1 103.1 99.0 100.5 99.0 100.5 1928__________ 99.0 101.7 99.4 100.5 95.5 100.2 97.3 103.0 99.2 100.4 98.9 100.2 1929__________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1930__________ 99.9 99.1 104.9 95.5 100.7 96.9 101.5 96.6 105. 5 96.9 104.5 94.8 1931__________ 99.8 98.1 105.5 94.5 101.0 96.4 102.0 94.9 106.5 95.8 105.6 93.6 1932__________ 90.1 97.6 90.9 93.6 93.7 94.3 90.5 94.5 92.3 93.4 91.1 92.6 1933__________ 83.2 97.8 88.2 93.1 84.7 94.3 84.5 93.8 91.3 93.1 88.3 92.4 1934__________ 82.9 95.1 89.2 92.5 85.1 93.0 84.4 93.4 92.5 91.8 88.3 86.2 1935__________ 85. 6 93.1 90.7 92.2 85.1 92.7 84.2 93.3 93.2 90.7 89.0 86. 2 1936__________ 87.6 92.9 93.7 92.4 86.3 92.8 85.2 93.3 95.6 90.6 90.7 86.1 1937__________ 96.8 92.9 98.8 92.5 88.3 92.8 94.1 93.3 104.4 90.2 97.1 89.8 1938__________ 97.7 92.0 111.4 87.6 96.1 91.7 102.1 90.2 113. 2 89.5 106.4 89.8 1939__________ 97.9 91.9 112.2 88.0 96.5 91.8 102.4 90.2 114.5 89.4 106. 5 89.8 Hod carriers Steam and Elevator Marble Building layers’ (masons’, Plasterers’ constructors’ setters’ sprinkler fit Tile laborers laborers helpers tenders) helpers helpers ters’ helpers Year W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours rate rate rate rate rate rate rate 26. 4 103.1 1907_. 35.0 108.5 33.1 110. 5 34.1 106.6 26. 8 103. 0 1908__ 35. 2 108. 5 33. 2 110. 5 35.6 106. 2 26.9 102. 8 1909 35.3 108.1 33.3 110.1 36.0 105.9 29.1 101. 8 1910_ _ 36. 7 105. 5 33.8 109. 2 36. 2 105.9 29.3 101. 7 1911._ 36.8 105. 5 34.1 108. 6 36. 2 105. 8 35. 8 100. 5 30. 2 101. 6 36.1 103. 0 1912 37. 2 105. 5 34. 3 107. 8 36. 6 105. 3 37.9 100. 5 31.0 101. 3 36! 8 102. 5 1913._ 38.8 105. 5 34.8 107. 8 37. 5 105. 3 1914-_ 39.2 105.2 35.2 106.4 38. 3 105.4 37.5 102.9 38.1 100.1 31.6 102.0 37.1 102.5 1915... 39.4 105.2 35.4 106.4 38.4 105.4 37.8 102.2 38.1 100.1 32.5 102.0 38.4 100.9 1916.. 41.2 104.6 36.5 106.4 39.4 104.4 38.8 102.2 38.1 100.1 33.0 101.7 39.8 100.6 1917.. 45.5 103.5 40.7 106.3 42.1 104.2 40.9 101.7 40.6 100.1 35.1 101.7 40.8 99.8 1918-. 53.4 103.0 47.5 106.3 48.5 104.2 43.6 101.7 42.5 100.1 40.5 100.3 42.1 99.8 1919._ 60.5 101.1 55. 6 105.9 55.3 103.8 52.9 100.9 48.6 100.0 48.6 100.2 51.0 99. 5 1920.. 87.7 100.0 80.8 105.7 80.1 103.8 74.1 100.7 82.0 100.0 70.4 100.2 83.5 99.5 1921__ 88.2 100.0 81.2 105.7 82.7 103.4 77.5 100.5 81.9 100. 2 72. 2 100.2 84.4 99.6 1922.. 82.8 99.3 67.3 105.9 72.6 103.4 73.8 100.6 76.2 100.2 74.1 100.3 79.3 99.6 1923.. 84.4 100.0 73.5 105.9 80.0 103.5 77.3 100. 6 82.3 100.2 78.7 100.3 81.1 100.5 1924.. 93.9 99.7 76.8 105.8 86.0 103.4 85.2 100.6 89. 2 100.2 87. 2 100.3 88.3 100.5 1925.. 89.7 99.8 85.8 105.7 91.7 103.3 89.2 100.5 84.6 100.2 89.7 100. 3 90.8 100.5 1926... 98.7 100.0 93.5 105.8 97.1 99.9 96.1 100. 5 93.9 100.2 95.0 100. 2 98.4 100.5 1927.. 99.1 100.2 95.7 105. 8 98.0 99.8 99.0 100.5 93.3 100.0 99.3 100.4 99.5 100.5 1928.. 99.5 100.1 95.8 105.8 99.6 100.1 100.9 100.5 94.3 100.1 101. 4 100.0 101. 5 100.5 1929.. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1930._ 105.5 98.1 103.8 99.3 106.0 97. 4 105.4 96.2 101. 7 95.9 109.3 92.1 108. 5 93.6 1931.. 103.9 97.0 103.5 98.8 105.6 96.6 105. 7 94.7 101.8 94.2 109.3 91.8 108.5 92.6 1932.. 89.4 93.6 85.8 96.6 87.6 96.3 96.9 94.7 93.2 93.8 94.3 91.7 95.8 91.4 1933.. 84.2 93.2 84.7 96.1 82.5 94.7 88.9 92.5 90.7 94.0 91.6 91.6 91.4 91.5 1934.. 87.3 89.1 90.3 94.3 84.8 91.8 88.4 91.8 90.9 92.3 91.9 91.1 91.5 87.6 1935.. 88.6 89.0 87.4 94.2 86.2 90.7 88.6 91.5 91.5 92.3 93.0 91.1 94.6 76.3 1936.. 96. 2 89.5 92.1 94.0 88.0 89.2 89. 5 92.1 91.6 92.2 93.2 91.5 96.0 76.3 1937._ 105.3 89.7 99.1 94.3 95.8 89. 2 91.8 91.7 97.0 92. 2 100.0 91.8 101. 2 81.6 1938.. 112.9 89.3 109.1 93. 2 108.1 85.1 104. 5 91.1 105.4 92.2 121.8 82.3 111.6 81.6 1939.. 113.6 89.2 109.4 92.9 109.0 84.8 107.9 86.8 105.9 92.2 122.5 82.2 111.9 81.6 Sign painters U N IO N WAGE RATES AND 11 HOURS Five journeyman trades had slight increases in their indexes of weekly hours between 1938 and 1939. Eight of the journeyman hour indexes and five helper and laborer indexes declined during the year. None of the hour index changes except those of the ele vator constructors and their helpers amounted to as much as 1 percent of the 1938 values. The elevator constructors’ hour index, however, decreased 2.4 percent from 91.7 in 1938 to 89.5 in 1939, while their helpers’ index dropped from 91.2 in 1938 to 86.8 in 1939, a decrease of 4.8 percent. In relation to the base year, the hour index for tile layers’ helpers (81.6) has declined more than that of any other trade. The hod carriers’ index (92.9) has had the least decline. Among the journeyman trades the index for granite cutters (85.3) has declined most and that for slate and tile roofers (92.2) has decreased least from the 1929 level. Since data for boilermakers, machinists, paperhangers, and rodmen were not collected in 1929, it is impossible to present index numbers for these crafts comparable to those for the other crafts. The changes over the previous year, as shown in comparable quotations for each year in which data have been collected for these trades, are as follows: Percentage change from previous year Boilermakers: Wage rates. Hour scales Machinists: Wage rates. Hour scales Paperhangers: Wage rates. Hour scales Rodmen: Wage rates. Hour scales 1937 + 2.4 -. 1 + 14.7 1938 1939 + 10.4 -5 . 0 + 6.5 + 0.6 0. 0 + .2 - .4 - .5 - . 1 _______ + 1.7 + .5 _______ _______ ______ - .6 + 9.8 0.0 + .2 + 1.0 -. 1 Changes in U nion Scales Between 1938 and 19391 Increased wage rates were reported in 372, or 14.6 percent, of the 1939 quotations which were comparable with 1938 (table 3). The great bulk of the comparable quotations, 2,176 of the total of 2,556, indicated that no change had been made during the past year. The decreases in wage rates reported were negligible, there being only 8 reductions among all quotations obtained. Approximately 1 in every 10 union members in the building trades participated in the benefits of the increased scales. Proportionately the increases were about evenly divided between the journeymen and the helpers and laborers. Some increases were reported in every trade group, but no one trade had an outstanding volume of raises. The bricklayers had only 7 increases among 75 quotations, but they led all the other journeyman trades in the proportion of their total membership affected (29 percent). Four other journeyman trades, the elevator constructors, granite cutters, lathers, and sheetmetal workers, reported that their raises benefited over 20 percent of their total memberships. In 8 of the 28 journeyman classifications, however, over 95 percent of the total memberships had no changes in their wage scales during the year. The elevator constructors’ helpers had 11 increases among 87 com parable quotations, exceeding all of the trade groups in the proportion of members affected (42.1 percent). The plumbers’ laborers reported only 4 raises in 29 quotations, but those increases applied to 22.2 percent of the members in this classification. The distribution of the wage rate changes and of the members affected are shown in table 3. Certain anomalies enter into a comparison of average rates between 2 years when such averages reflect not only the actual rates provided for in the agreements but the number of union members for that year in each local union covered by the reported rates. By and large, it would be expected that a general increase in actual rates would be accompanied by a corresponding increase in the average rate paid to union mem bers, but if union membership increases most (or decreases least) in the lower-paid crafts or in areas with less-than-average rates, the average of the rates paid to all union members may not increase correspondingly or may even show a decrease. Conversely, the average rate may increase in spite of a downward swing in actual rates, if union membership declines sufficiently in the lower-paid crafts or in areas where lower-thanaverage rates are paid. Because the averages do not accurately reflect changes from year to year, no table comparing 1938 and 1939 averages is included in this report. For the trend of actual union rates, the table of indexes (table ) should be consulted, since these are so computed as to eliminate the effect of fluctuating memberships at various rates. The current averages, on the other hand, best serve for comparison of the general level of wage rates between trades, or between cities and regions at the time the survey was made. 12 1 1 13 CHANGES IN U N IO N SCALES T a b l e 3 .— N u m b er o f changes in u n io n wage-rate quotations and percentage o f m em bers affected , J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 , com pared w ith J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 8 Trade Num Number of quotations Percentage of union showing— ber of members affected quota tions com De In parable In No De No with crease crease change crease crease change 1938 All building trades_____ ________________ 2,556 Journeymen. _________ ... 2,079 Asbestos workers_________ _______________ 52 Boilermakers_________________ ___ __ 36 Bricklayers_________________ ____ _ __ 75 Carpenters______________________ _ __ 96 Cement finishers___ __________ _ 70 89 Electricians—inside wiremen_________ _____ Elevator constructors__________ _________ 113 239 Engineers, portable and hoisting___________ Glaziers_________________ _ __ _ _ 65 Granite cutters_____ _____________________ 30 Lathers________________ _ __ 83 Machinists______________________________ 30 Marble setters________________ _____ _____ 64 Mosaic and terrazzo workers _________ 56 Painters__________________ ____________ . Paperhangers____________________________ 59 Plasterers_____________________________ 73 Plumbers and gas fitters_______________ 75 Rodmen_______ __ __ __ ____________ 64 69 Roofers, composition. _ _______________ __ Roofers, slate and tile___________________ 45 Sheet-metal workers______ ____________ ... 61 Sign pain ters..._____ _ . . . _________ Steam and sprinkler fitters________________ 96 Stonecutters_____________ __ _ _ „ 70 Stonemasons_____________ _ _____________ 66 Structural-iron workers________ __ _ 71 Tile layers_______________________________ 64 Helpers and laborers...... ............... 477 Building laborers____ ____________ ________ 69 Composition roofers’ helpers _______ _ 25 Elevator constructors’ helpers_____________ 87 Hod carriers (masons’ tenders)_____________ 73 Marble setters’ helpers _ . _. ____ 42 65 Plasterers’ laborers_______________________ 29 Plumbers’ laborers . _______ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers 43 Tile layers’ helpers ______ ____ __________ 44 102 66 372 294 7 7 7 9 16 13 48 8 4 6 68 100 2 10 10 16 4 5 16 20 1 1 7 13 13 6 8 4 9 3 21 6 6 11 2 78 4 2 1 11 10 2 12 1 6 4 18 5 67 25 58 49 86 11 10 2,176 1,781 45 30 89 61 73 189 55 48 60 69 51 61 41 52 63 75 64 60 60 62 395 58 23 76 61 36 52 25 25 39 10.4 10.3 7.6 7.3 29. 0 3.0 4.5 7.5 28.9 12.5 13.8 24.4 0 .2 0 ) 0 ) 8 6 .2 2 1 .1 3.2 4.5 17.4 14.8 7.1 13.0 4.9 7.2 21.5 3.4 9.2 8.3 3.6 15.1 1 .2 .2 1 2 .1 1 2 .1 1 .1 1 1 .0 9.6 3.1 42.1 1 0 .8 6. 7 11.4 10. 5 2. 7 2 2 .2 89.4 89.7 92.4 92. 7 71. 0 97.0 95! 5 92.5 71.1 87.5 75.6 78.9 95.6 95.3 82.6 85.2 92.9 87.9 87.0 87.9 95.1 92.8 78.5 96.6 90.8 91. 7 96.4 84.9 98.9 1 .0 .6 4.1 .2 8 8 .0 89.8 96.9 57.9 85.1 93.3 88.4 77.8 89. 5 97.3 i Less than Ho of 1 percent. Over half of the wage raises reported in 1939 were for less than 10 percent, and nearly one-third represented increases between 10 and 15 percent. Of the total membership benefited by increased scales, less than one-tenth had their rates raised by 15 percent or more. The greatest percentage increase reported was that for rodmen in Little Rock, Ark., which was an advance from $0.65 to $1 per hour. Table 4 shows the distribution of the wage-rate increases according to the percentage of increase. 14 U N IO N SCALES IN B U IL D IN G T R AD ES T able 4 . — N u m b er o f in crea ses in u n ion w age-rate qu ota tion s, and percentage o f m em bers affected, by percentage o f in crea se, J u n e 1, 1 9 3 9 , com pa red with J u n e 1, 1938 Number of quotations showing increases of— Trade Less than 10 per cent All building trades---- ------___ __ __ 193 Journeymen _________ 138 5 Asbestos workers ____ _ __ Boilermakers ___________ _ 4 3 Bricklayers _ __ _______________ 4 Carpenters __ _ _ ____________ 3 5 Electricians, inside wiremen __ Elevator constructors______ ______ 12 Engineers, portable and hoisting,._ . 19 6 Glaziers __ ____ 8 Granite cutters _ ____ _ __ Lathers _ _ __ ____ __ _ 6 Machinists ____ _ _ _ _ 2 1 Marble setters. .. . . _______ Mosaic and terrazzo workers . ___ 2 10 Painters _ ___ 5 Paperhangers __ _______ 4 Plasterers __ ___ _ Plumbers and gas fitters. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 4 Rodmen _ _ __ Roofers, composition. ________ _ _ 8 2 Roofers, slate and tile. __ __ _ _ __ 6 Sheet-metal workers 2 Sign painters _ __ ____ 2 Steam and sprinkler fitters _____ ___ Stonecutters. _ __ ____ _ 3 2 Stonemasons _ ____ _ _____ Structural-iron workers. _ __ _ _ _ 6 1 Tile layers__ __ _ ________ Helpers and laborers____ _ 55 Building laborers. _ _ _ _______ 71 Composition roofers’ helpers. _ __ Elevator constructors’ helpers _______ 11 73 Hod carriers (masons’ tenders)_____ Marble setters’ helpers __ ____ _ Plasterers’ laborers _ ____ 9 1 Plumbers’ laborers Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers__ 15 1 Tile layers’ helpers _ _________ 10 and un der 15 per cent 15 and un der 20 per cent 20 and un der 25 per cent 25 and un der 30 per cent 109 96 2 1 2 4 9 1 11 3 1 4 1 3 5 4 6 2 7 13 10 25 21 19 17 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 6 4 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 3 17 3 2 3 1 13 3 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 30 per cent and over Percentage of total members affected by increases of— Less than 10 per cent 10 and un der 15 per cent 13 7.2 2.3 12 7.2 2.1 5.5 2.1 5.6 1.5 26.9 1.0 1 2.1 1.3 2.8 1 3.7 3.7 28.7 .2 5 5.6 4.3 11.8 .8 21.8 2. 5 1 6.1 1.8 1 1.7 2.8 .1 7.1 8. 5 1 12.7 1.7 1 5.1 1.2 5.5 5. 5 3.3 9.4 1 6. 5 3.9 4.9 1.3 2. 5 19.8 1. 7 3.3 .4 8.4 5.2 3.1 2.1 1.2 11.4 2.7 .7 .4 1 6.6 3.0 5.3 4.3 1 2. 6 42.1 9. 5 1.1 3.4 1.0 9.0 .9 .3 1.9 5. 7 1.4 .2 1.0 15 and un der 20 per cent 20 and un der 25 per cent 25 and un der 30 per cent 30 per cent and over 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 .3 .3 .2 .2 .7 1.1 .1 .l .2 .3 .l .1 0) .6 1.2 .3 .5 1. 2 .1 1. 5 9.7 2.0 .1 1. 4 .2 1.4 1.2 .6 .4 .4 .4 .6 . 5 .3 1.1 .6 3.4 .2 .1 .2 .2 .8 .1 .2 .1 1.1 .2 0) .5 . 5 1.8 20.0 I. 6 1.8 .4 1.1 .2 1. 5 1 Less than Mo of 1 percent. H o u r s .— Changes in hour scales between 1938 and 1939 were very few. Only 51 reductions and 14 increases in weekly hours were reported among the 2 ,5 5 5 quotations showing comparable hours for both years. The decreases applied to 1.6 percent of the total member ship and the increases to 0.4 percent. All of the increases and 43 of the decreases applied to the journey man group. The helpers and laborers reported 8 reductions in weekly hours among 477 comparable quotations. 15 CHANGES IN UNION SCALES The elevator constructors and their helpers were the only trades that had as many as 10 percent of their members affected by hour changes. Reductions in New York, Newark, and Duluth affected 19.6 percent of the journeymen elevator constructors and 32.7 percent of their helpers. The distribution of the changes in weekly hours between 1938 and 1939 and the percentage of members affected are shown in table 5. T able 5 . — N u m b er o f changes in u n io n hour q uotations , and percentage o f m em bers affected , J u n e 1 , 1 9 8 9 , com pared with J u n e 1, 1 9 3 8 Trade Num Number of quotations Percentage of union showing— ber of members affected tions com In parable In De No De No with crease crease change crease crease change 1938 All building trades______ __________ _ - 2, 555 Journeymen _ ______ __ 2, 078 Asbestos workers________ _ _______ __ 52 Boilermakers___ 36 Bricklayers __ 75 Carpenters __ ___ _ __ __ 96 Cement finishers ___ _ _ _ ______ 70 Electricians, inside wiremen____ _____ _ _ 89 Elevator constructors _ _ _ ... 113 Engineers, portable and hoisting 239 Glaziers __ __ _ ___ 65 Granite cutters______ __ _ _______ _ 30 Lathers _ 82 Machinists __ __ __ 30 Marble setters___ ____ _____ ___ __ 64 Mosaic and terrazzo workers _ __ ___ _ 56 102 Painters _ _ _ ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ Paperhangers_____ ___ _______________ ___ 59 Plasterers __ _ __ ___ ___ 73 Plumbers and gas fitters __ ___ ___ _______ 75 ___ ____ ___ Rodmen _ 64 Roofers, composition _______ _ _ _ ___ __ 69 45 Roofers, slate and tile _ ___ ___ Sheet-metal workers- _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ 61 Sign painters__ _ _ __ _ __ ___ _ 66 Steam and sprinkler fitters. __ _ _ _ _ 96 Stonecutters. ___ __ ________ __ _ _ _ _ 70 Stonemasons __ 66 Structural-iron workers ___ 71 _________ Tile layers _ _ _ _ __ 64 Helpers and laborers _ _ ____ _ _ 477 ___ __ 69 Building laborers _ _ _ Composition roofers’ helpers ___ _____ _____ __ _ 25 Elevator constructors’ helpers ____________ _ 87 Hod carriers (masons’ tenders) _ _ _ __ __ 73 Marble setters’ helpers ___ 42 Plasterers’ laborers..____ __ ____ ______ _ 65 Plumbers’ laborers 29 Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers __ _ _ 43 Tile layers’ helpers _ ___ __ ____________ 44 14 14 1 51 43 1 4 2 3 3 5 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 5 1 3 4 1 8 1 3 2 1 1 2, 490 2, 021 52 35 74 92 68 86 110 234 63 30 81 28 64 56 98 56 71 69 63 68 44 60 61 91 68 65 70 64 469 68 25 84 71 42 64 29 42 44 0.4 .5 .4 1.6 1.5 .2 .4 .4 2.4 19. 6 2. 1 8.0 1. 2 .8 2.9 2.7 .3 .9 .3 3. 5 2.8 .4 3.9 1.6 .7 2.2 .6 4. 5 1.0 .3 . 2 1. 7 .9 32.7 2. 1 2.3 .5 98.0 98.0 100.0 99.8 99.6 99.6 99.6 97.6 80.4 99. 5 97.9 100.0 92.0 98.8 100. 0 100.0 95.3 95.5 99. 3 95.1 99.4 99.7 99.1 99.7 92.0 96.2 99.6 99. 7 99. 8 100.0 98.3 99.1 100.0 67.3 97.9 100. 0 97.7 100.0 99. 5 100.0 CHART. 2 . DISTRIBUTION OF UNION BUILDING TR A D ES W ORKERS ACCORDING TO H O U RLY WAGE R A T E S J U N E I, 1 9 3 9 PERCENT PERCENT 2 0 ------ — 20 .6 0 CENTS UNDER .7 0 .7 0 UNDER .8 0 U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS .8 0 UNDER .9 0 .9 0 UNDER 1 .0 0 1 .0 0 1.10 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER 1.10 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 HOURLY WAGE RATE IN DOLLARS 1 .4 0 UNDER 1 .5 0 1 .5 0 UNDER 1 .6 0 1 .6 0 UNDER 1 .7 0 1 .7 0 UNDER 1 .8 0 1 .8 0 AND OVER U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 10 A v era g e U n io n W age R a tes, 1939 The average union rate per hour for all building trades in the 72 cities studied on June 1, 1939, was $1,364. The journeyman average was $1,468 and that of the helpers and laborers $0,866 (table 6). The plasterers’ average of $1,686 was the highest for any trade. The bricklayers ($1,662), lathers ($1,625), and boilermakers ($1,602) were next in line. Nine additional journeyman trades had average hourly rates above $1.50 per hour. The lowest journeyman average was $1.27 for composition roofers. The elevator constructors’ helpers had the highest average, $1,144 per hour, among the helper and laborer trades. Four other helper and laborer trades had averages of over $1 per hour. The lowest average was that of the building laborers, $0.79 per hour. Among the journeyman trades the hourly wage rates ranged from $0.60 for composition roofers in Louisville to $2.50 for bucket-lioist operators on superstructure work in New York City. Generally the journeyman rates ranged between $1.10 and $1.80 per hour. Scales above $1.80 were reported for 9.2 percent of the journeyman members and scales below $1.10 for 5.4 percent. Only 1.1 percent of the journeymen had rates of less than $1 per hour. The rates of $2 and over applied to a considerable number of workers, 5.1 percent of the total journeymen, but they occurred in only 10 of the 72 cities cov ered—Birmingham, Butte, Chicago, Cleveland, Newark, New York, Pittsburgh, St. Louis, San Francisco, and Washington, D. C. In many cases these high rates were not the scales for the general work of the trades, but applied to specialty work such as spray painting or work under air pressure. Sixteen of the trades had some quotations in these higher brackets. Sixteen journeyman trades had over half their total membership in wage brackets above $1.50 per hour. Five trades had no scales exceeding $1.80 per hour. On the other hand, 11 trades had no rates of less than $1. The boilermakers and structural-iron workers re ported no rates below $1.20 and the marble setters reported none below $1.10. The helper and laborer rates ranged from 40 cents per hour for build ing laborers in Atlanta, El Paso, Jackson (Miss.), Jacksonville, and Nashville, and for plumbers’ laborers in Dallas, to $1,517 per hour for plasterers’ tenders in Brooklyn. The proportions of the helper and laborer membership having the various scales were not definitely con centrated but were widely distributed over the entire range of rates. 17 U NIO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 18 Over half of the total, however, had rates of 85 cents per hour or higher, and over 35 percent had rates of $1 or more. The building laborers and the hod carriers were the only trades which did not have a considerable proportion of their membership in the $1.20 and over bracket. A majority of the elevator constructors’ helpers, plasterers’ tenders, and steam- and sprinkler-fitters’ helpers had hourly rates of $1 or better. The elevator constructors’ helpers had no scales lower than 75 cents per hour. Only the building laborers, hod carriers, and plasterers’ tenders reported rates of under 60 cents for any substantial proportion of their members. The average rates by trades and the distribution of the memberships reported, according to hourly wage rates, are shown in table 6. T able 6 . — D istribution o f union members in the building trades, by hourly wage rates, J une 1 , 1939 Trade Percentage of union journeymen whose rates (in cents) per hour were— Average 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 rate per Un and and and and and and and and and and 200 hour der un un un un un un un un un un and 100 der der der der der der der der der der over 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 Journeymen________ $1. 468 1.1 4.3 Asbestos workers.... _ _______ 1. 458 5.4 2.1 Boilermakers________________ 1.602 Bricklayers__________________ 1.662 .9 Carpenters. _ . ____ _ 1.401 .8 5.9 Cement finishers. _ _ _____ 1.441 .4 2.9 Electricians, inside wiremen... 1.532 .6 3.4 Elevator constructors________ 1.531 .8 Engineers, portable and hoist ing _ _____ ___ 1. 561 .7 4.0 1.404 4.8 10.7 Glaziers __ _________ 19.1 Granite cutters___________ __ 1. 279 1.625 .1 .8 Lathers _______ _ Machinists__________________ 1.459 .8 4.4 Marble setters_______________ 1.586 Mosaic and terrazzo workers. __ 1. 442 2.3 Painters ______________ _ 1. 365 2.3 5.6 Paper hangers__________ _____ 1.337 1.6 8.5 .8 Plasterers___________________ 1.686 Plumbers and gas fitters. ._ __ 1.526 .2 1.1 2.7 Rodmen____________________ 1. 470 Roofers, composition. ____ _ 1.270 'l2~7 15.3 Roofers, slate and tile________ 1. 397 4.5 9.4 Sheet-metal workers___ _ 1. 427 .5 3.3 5.9 Sign painters______ ______ 1.568 Steam and sprinkler fitters____ 1.589 0).2 1.9 Stonecutters_____________ _ 1.364 10.3 5.6 .3 Stonemasons ______________ 1. 544 Structural-iron workers_______ 1. 596 Tile layers __ __ ________ 1.497 'c T 1 Less than Ht> of 1 percent. 8.4 19.1 11.6 2.8 2.5 13.6 34.2 4.3 7.9 9.4 2.0 4.6 '" 12.6 25.9 11.8 3.7 3.2 35.1 9.4 4.4 11.0 13.0 12.5 1.1 2.1 12.2 13.8 12.2 4.8 10.6 10.8 3.1 18.8 17.3 8.9 3.2 17.0 5.7 50.0 4.2 2.0 7. 2 7. 5 3.1 .5 31.7 4.1 .2 5.0 15.9 .9 1.7 29.2 19.9 1.3 14.0 23. 5 8.8 .1 12.2 33.2 14.0 .1 6.3 9.4 2.2 20.2 11.3 9.3 8.0 23.8 10.2 2.5 8.5 21.9 11.1 3.4 7.2 18.8 13.3 2.0 8.3 25.0 25.0 .7 5.6 13.1 8.6 4.4 1.6 4.4 19.5 4.6 7.5 32.0 4.9 5.9 21.0 4.2 10.6 7.7 14.7 2.0 1.8 18.0 15.3 3.1 1 .5 16.1 7.3 42.2 27.4 8.3 9.5 13.9 25.7 24.3 5. 2 .7 23.8 7.4 12.3 15.8 23.9 3.0 18.2 21.6 15.9 5.8 12.2 10.4 12.5 19.6 8.2 26.7 24.1 19.8 13.2 8.5 5.9 13.9 11.4 15.7 10.7 8.2 10. 2 2.0 .1 13.9 46.5 59.6 8.3 21. 6 27.5 16.4 1.9 2.3 11.3 14.0 2.0 8.3 5.8 15.0 7.7 17.8 42.0 14.2 9.6 6. 6 20.6 20. 2 17.7 12.9 4.3 9.0 .4 27. 4 4.6 4.6 21.5 .2 1.4 2.7 5.1 12.5 28.6 2.4 25.6 1.1 1.2 .4 .1 1.1 19.8 20.7 2.9 3.5 16.1 13.1 16.0 2.8 14.2 1.5 ‘or 16.9 .8 .4 16.5 32.3 8.6 — — 12.9 5.7 8.0 16.8 24.6 9.3 25.0 1.1 — 9.2 13.0 7.9 8.6 18.5 9.5 30.2 15. 7 2.3 1.4 "7."7 17.4 .3 5.7 19 AVERAGE U NIO N WAGE RATES, 19 3 9 T able 6 .— D istribution o f union members in the building trades, by hourly wage rates, J une 1, 1939— Continued Trade Percentage of union helpers and laborers whose rates (in cents) per hour were— Average 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 110 rate per Un and and and and and and and and and and 120 hour der un un un un un un un un un un and 60 der der der der der der der der der der over 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 110 120 Helpers and Laborers 3____ $0. 866 Building laborers___________ .790 Elevator constructors’ helpers _ 1.144 Hod carriers (masons’ tenders). .886 Marble setters’ helpers______ 1.038 1.094 Plasterers’ laborers ___ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ h e l p e r s ________________ 1.109 Tile layers’ helpers __ ___ _ 1.001 10.7 14.3 8. i 1.0 5.0 .6 1.3 8.5 12.5 3.0 2.2 1.7 2.4 1.4 3.7 9.9 4.2 12.4 1 .3 " i l l 1.5 .4 1.5 3.1 1.4 4.1 .8 1.5 7. 6 6.1 .9 7.0 9.5 2.7 17.2 15.7 6.8 8.3 1.7 6.8 5.9 2.3 9.0 1.2 11.9 15.4 4.8 11.0 4.7 .9 f 4.4 11.7 3.5 1.8 2.3 2.9 "1174 4.2 5.1 10.0 8.6 4.6 4.5 5.8 1.3 12.8 7.7 15.4 16.6 29.1 15.6 15.7 12.2 7.1 4.7 13.4 6.8 7.9 o T 13.4 ~35.8 22.1 2.5 7.1 33.4 29.9 31.6 6.4 40.3 10.7 30.5 2 Includes also plumbers’ laborers and composition roofers’ helpers, not shown separately because of the small number of quotations obtained for these trades. Differences by Siz;e o f C ity and Region The average wage rates for the building trades varied directly with the size of the cities 2 for which reports were received. This was true not only for the averages of all building trades combined, but also for the averages of the separate journeyman and helper and laborer groups (table 7). For the Northern and Pacific cities the direct variation in accordance with population held for both the averages of all trades combined and for the averages of the helper and laborer trades. In the journey man averages there was one exception; the average for group 3 cities slightly exceeded that for group 2 cities. In the Southern and Southwestern cities there was a direct variation in the journeyman averages, but not in those for helpers and laborers nor in the averages for all trades. In the helper and laborer group the average for group 5 was greater than those for either group 3 or 4. The combined averages for all trades in Southern cities showed an inverse variation in respect to the city-size groups. This reversal, however, was undoubtedly due to the fact that the number of helper and laborer members reported in the smaller cities of the South and Southwest was relatively small, which gave disproportionate weight to the higher journeyman rates in the averages for those cities. Seventeen of the journeyman trades and two of the helper and laborer trades had direct variation between their averages and the city size groups. For the Northern and Pacific cities there was direct variation between the city sizes and the averages for 9 journeyman and 3 helper and laborer trades; for the Southern and Southwestern 2 See table 7 for a description of the population groups used. U NIO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 20 CHART 3 . A V ER A G E UNION WAGE R A T E S IN BU ILDIN G T R A D E S ACCO RDING TO S IZ E OF C IT Y AND REGION JUNE 1 , 193 9 AVERAGE HOURLY RATES JUUKNLYMtN AVERAGE HOURLY RATES H ELPERS AND LABORERS $1.20 IA I ID M C V k ilC M AVERAGE HOURLY RATES AVERAGE HOURLY RATES $1.20 1.00 .80 .60 .40 20 .0 AND OVER UNDER I M ILLIO N UNDER 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 S IZ E OF CITIES U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS UNbER 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 UNDER IOOPOO AVERAGE U NIO N WAGE RATES, 19 39 21 cities this was true for 13 journeyman trades and 3 helper and laborer trades. Practically all of the deviations from direct variation between the averages for the different trades and the size of city were in the comparisons of group 2 with group 3 cities and of group 4 with group 5 cities. Seven journeyman trades and one helper trade had higher averages for group 3 cities than for group 2 cities, and 4 trades in each classification had higher averages for group 5 cities than for group 4 cities. There is no city in the South or Southwest with a population of over 500,000. Consequently, any comparison of average wage rates between the regions must be confined to population groups 3 , 4 , and 5. The averages for all building trades combined and those for the journeyman trades in the Northern and Pacific cities were higher than the comparable averages for Southern and Southwestern cities in all of the population groups. The same relationship held for the helpers and laborers’ averages in the comparisons for city groups 3 and 4, but the positions were reversed in group 5 cities. This, in part, is due to the fact that the least-skilled occupations are less widely organized in Southern and Southwestern cities than in Northern and Pacific cities, which tends to give additional weight in the averages to the more highly paid classifications. The regional differences prevailed generally for all of the different crafts. In the population groups 3 and 4 every trade for which there were comparable regional reports had higher average rates in the Northern and Pacific cities than in the Southern and Southwestern cities. The only exceptions were in the group 5 cities where two of the journeyman trades and two of the helper and laborer trades had higher averages for the Southern and Southwestern cities than for the North ern and Pacific cities. 22 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES A verage u n ion h ou rly wage rates in the building trades , by region and p op u lation g ro u p , J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 North and Pacific All building trades__________ Journeymen________ Asbestos workers_____ Boilermakers________ __ __ Bricklayers___ _ _________ Carpenters _____ __ .. . _. _ Cement finishers____________ Electricians, inside wiremem. _ Elevator constructors - _ __ Engineers, portable and hoist ing— Glaziers... -------Granite cutters _ ____ _ _ Lathers. . .. . . . ____ .. M achinists.___ ____ ... _ Marble setters.. ____________ Mosaic and terrazzo workers.__ Painters_____ _ ... .. ----Paperhangers______ _. __ Plasterers_____ _ . . . Plumbers and gas fitters __ _ . Rodmen . . _ ______ Roofers, composition________ Roofers, slate and tile __^ Sheet-metal workers_________ Sign painters. _ _ _ __ Steam and sprinkler fitters___ Stone cutters.. ---- ----- . Stonemasons---------------------Structural-iron workers______ Tile layers________ ._ __ ... Helpers and laborers 4___ _ Building laborers. ._ Elevator constructors’ helpers. Hod carriers (masons’ tenders) Marble setters’ helpers_______ Plasterers’ laborers__________ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers . ______ Tile layers’ helpers__________ 22 North and Pacific 12 Trade North and Pacific South and Southwest Group Group 1 North and Pacific South and Southwest Cities in population group— $1. 510 1.597 1.612 1.758 1.784 1.549 1. 558 1.643 1.642 1.717 1.665 1.329 1. 774 1.562 1.662 1.617 1.471 1.450 1.815 1.630 1.565 1.429 1.587 1.613 1.756 1.750 1.406 1. 594 1.701 1.574 . Oil .924 1.252 1.006 1.195 1.270 1.319 1.092 $1.313 $1,236 $1. 294 $1,026 $1,116 $1.137 $1.039 $1.055 $1.056 $1.054 1.395 1.373 1.413 . 216 1.232 1.262 1.131 1.165 1.194 1.119 1.440 1.344 1.364 1.289 1.261 1.269 1.250 1.167 1.375 1.481 1.493 1. 529 1.320 1.405 1.415 1.238 1.351 1.313 1.068 (3) 1.579 1.578 1.613 1.480 1.465 1.481 1.431 1.360 1.379 1.323 1.330 1.308 1.358 1.092 1.166 .997 1.098 1.117 1.061 1.345 1.389 1.369 1.249 1.245 . 263 1.182 1.267 1.318 1.466 1.458 1.490 1.347 1.242 1.275 1.137 1.115 1.181 1.016 1.500 1.456 1.503 1.329 1.304 1.332 1.215 1.248 1.159 1.566 1.491 1.534 1.321 1. 366 1.154 1.318 1.369 1.263 1.335 1.179 1.234 .979 1.079 1.129 .834 1.009 1.048 .965 1.125 1.203 1.203 1.063 1.063 1.191 1.191 1.552 1.442 1.493 1.352 1. 399 1.404 1.378 1. 230 1. 330 1.320 1.406 1.527 1.145 1.196 1.236 1.162 (3) (3) 1.412 1. 537 1.556 1.443 1.398 1.432 1.338 1.357 1.292 1.406 1.355 1.342 1.354 1.304 1.345 1.378 1.271 1. 269 1.278 1.250 1.304 1.225 1.277 1.064 1.107 .913 .959 .985 . 915 1.323 1.174 1.194 1.026 1.089 1.106 .956 1.033 1.057 .946 1.588 1.570 1.630 1.417 1.442 1.473 1.373 1.259 1.383 1.178 1.470 1.444 1.452 1.414 1.301 1.304 1.292 1. 235 1.293 1.150 1.504 1.369 1.457 1.149 1.301 1.361 1.107 1.199 1.288 1.094 1.270 1.192 1.241 .842 1.007 1.032 .807 .984 .993 .962 1.475 1.301 1.352 1.161 1.147 1.196 .908 1.341 1.329 1. 349 1.233 1.238 1.254 1.143 1.136 1.185 1.552 1.380 1.402 1.302 1.162 1.214 1.056 1.473 1.445 1.456 1.382 1.267 1.287 1.196 1.245 1.295 1.125 1.307 1.359 1.378 1.075 1.241 1.241 1.167 1.167 1.484 1. 560 1.577 1. 423 1.480 1.481 1.476 1.324 1. 327 1.316 1.540 1.592 1.649 1.376 1.408 1.442 1.294 1.338 1.363 1.309 1.428 1.415 1.445 1.322 1.316 1.338 1.273 1.327 1.294 1.350 .862 .742 .823 .536 .710 .743 .518 .691 .689 .698 .792 .675 .748 .496 .660 .680 .442 .643 .644 .640 1.065 1.065 1.107 .970 .910 .953 .849 .884 .892 .943 .821 .933 .596 .789 .849 .519 .756 .748 .784 .924 .887 .937 .587 .816 .825 .583 1.014 1.031 (3) .830 (3) 1.108 .937 1.034 .620 .809 .950 .561 .865 .908 .933 . 722 .684 .702 .627 .789 .789 .904 .885 .937 .558 .802 .820 .619 .953 1.043 (3) 1 3 < North and Pacific South and Southwest T a b l e 7. — 1 1 .2 1 1 1 1 .2 2 2 1 .2 1 2 1 .2 2 2 1 .1 0 1 1 .0 1 1 1 .0 0 0 1 .2 1 0 — 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .2 1 0 — .8 8 6 .8 6 6 1 Group 1 includes cities of over 1,000,000 population; group 2, 500,000 to 1,000,000; group 3, 250,000 to 500,000; group 4, 100,000 to 250,000; and group 5, 40,000 to 100,000. No city of this size in South or Southwest. 3 Reports for these trades were received from only 1 city in each of these classifications; therefore, no aver ages could be shown. Includes also plumbers’ laborers and composition roofers’ helpers, not shown separately because of the small number of quotations obtained for these trades. 2 4 Average Rates in Each City Not all the trades had effective union scales in all the cities. This was especially true among the helper and laborer trades. Average rates of helpers and laborers are shown only for those cities in which AVERAGE U NION WAGE RATES, 19 3 9 23 there were effective scales for a considerable number of building laborers and at least one other helper trade. Six cities had averages 3 of over $1.50 per hour for the journeyman trades. New York City’s average was $ 1.76; Newark, with an average of $1,699, was second; Chicago was third with $1,653; while Wash ington, Pittsburgh, and St. Louis followed with averages of $1.59, $1,559, and $1,528, respectively. Butte, although one of the cities in the smallest population group, had the seventh highest average for journeymen ($1,494). Union organization varies considerably more in the helper and laborer trades than in the journeyman trades among the different cities. In many of the smaller cities no union scales were reported for the more unskilled occupations. This tended to raise their averages higher than they would be had all of the helper and laborer trades been included. Likewise, since no city averages are given in the absence of union rates for at least one helper trade and a substan tial number of laborers, a number of cities are missing entirely from the listing for groups 4 and 5. The remaining list thereby tends to include only those cities which have higher rates for their least skilled trades (table 7). T able 8 .— A verage u n io n h ou rly wage rates in the building trades, b y cities and po p u latio n g r o u p s, J u n e 1 , 1 9 8 9 City and population group .verage lourly rate City and population group Average hourly rate Journeymen J o u r n e y m e n —Continued Population group 3 (250,000 to 500,000): Population group 1 (over 1,000,000): $1.760 Newark, N. J_____ _ ___ __ _ _ $1. 699 New York, N. Y _________________ 1.653 Washington, D. C_ _ _ __ 1. 590 Chicago, 111_____________________ 1.597 Cincinnati, Ohio___ _______ _____ 1.440 Average for group 1 _______________ 1.347 Toledo, Ohio______ ___ _______ 1.439 Detroit, Mich___________________ Denver, Colo __ _ _ _______ . 280 1. 423 Philadelphia, Pa_________________ 1.192 Kansas City, Mo ___________ 1.404 Los Angeles, Calif________________ A v era g e fo r g ro u p 3 _ _ ________ ___ Population group 2 (500,000 to 1,000,000): 1.373 1. 559 Indianapolis, Ind _ ______ Pittsburgh, Pa__________________ 1. 366 ______ 1.528 Rochester, N .Y 1.357 St. Louis, M o___________________ 1.435 Seattle, Wash ___ _ _ __ _ _ ____ 1. 333 Cleveland, Ohio_________________ 1.401 Minneapolis, Minn _ . _____ 1. 309 Boston, Mass____________________ 1.895 St. Paul, Minn_ _ ______ ___ ___ 1. 294 Average for group 2 _______________ 1.352 Columbus, Ohio_ _ ___ ______ 1.284 Buffalo, N. Y ___________________ 1.314 Houston, Tex ___ _________ _ Baltimore, M d__________________ 1.270 1.309 Louisville, Ky_ _ ___________ San Francisco, Calif______________ 1.265 1. 217 Birmingham, Ala. ____ __ ___ 1. 251 Milwaukee, Wis_________________ The averages are weighted according to the number of members in each local union covered by the reported rates. While a comparison of average rates between cities where averages include the influence of the membership factor may be somewhat misleading where membership is unusually large or small in com parison to the same trade in other cities, a weighted average of this kind is obviously more realistic than a simple average of specific rates. In the latter case a wage rate in a trade including half a dozen members would be given the same importance as that of a trade including several thousand members. 1 3 218646°— 40- -3 24 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES T able 8 .— A v era g e u n io n h o u rly wage rates in the bu ild in g trades, b y cities and p o p u la tio n g ro u p s, J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 — Continued City and population group Journeymen—Continued Population group 3—Continued. Providence, R. I ___ _ __ _________ Portland, Oreg__________________ Dallas, Tex _________ __ Memphis, Tenn_____ ___ - _______ New Orleans, La _____________ Atlanta, Ga_’______________ --- . Population group 4 (100,000 to 250,000): Dayton, O hio____ _________ _ Peoria, 111 __ _ _ _ _ ___ Youngstown, Ohio__ _____________ Spokane, Wash. _ _____ _____ __ Springfield, Mass. __ __ ________ Des Moines, Iowa ______________ Erie, Pa_ . __________ __ Rock Island (111.) district ________ Scranton, P a _____ - _________ __ South Bend, Ind __ ________ __ El Paso, Tex. __ ______ __________ Average for group 4 ___________ Oklahoma City, Okla_____________ New Haven, Conn _ _________ _ _ Reading, Pa__ . _____ ___________ Grand Rapids, Mich __________ _ San Antonio, Tex ______________ Worcester, Mass _____________ Salt Lake City, Utah. _ _______ Duluth, Minn. _ _____________ .. Nashville, Tenn __ _____________ Omaha, N ebr... ______________ .. Richmond, Va _ _ ______ ________ Wichita, Kans__ ________________ Jacksonville, Fla ____ ___ _______ _________________ Norfolk, Va Population group 5 (40,000 to 100,000): Butte, M o n t..___________ ____ Charleston, W .V a. ________ .. _ Madison, Wis . . . _________ __ Phoenix, Ariz ____________ Average for group 5__________ ___ Jackson, Miss _____ _____ ___ Manchester, N. H _______________ Little Rock, Ark __ _ ________ _ Charlotte, N. C __ _________ Charleston, S. C _. ._ _________ Portland, Maine_________ _ ____ York, Pa _______________ 1 Helpers and laborers Population group 1 (over 1,000,000): New York, N. Y_ _____ _____ ___ _ Chicago, 111___ _____ . . . ----------Average for group 1 _____________ Detroit, Mich Los Angeles, Calif _________ .. . Philadelphia, Pa ________ _ _ _ Population group 2 (500,000 to 1,000,000): St. Louis, Mo _____ ... ... .. Cleveland, Ohio _____ ._ San Francisco, Calif ____ ___ ___ Boston, Mass ______________ Average hourly rate $1.234 1.198 1.195 1.167 1.126 1.421 1.388 1. 353 1.328 1.312 1.265 1.264 1.258 1.258 1.243 1. 241 1.232 1.208 1.206 1.194 1.192 1.192 1.187 1.161 1.144 1.138 1.134 1.116 1.088 1.047 1.028 1.494 1.218 1.213 1 .2 0 0 1.165 1.148 1 .2 1 1 1.118 1.063 1.014 .990 .945 1 .0 2 2 1.152 1.039 1.011 .776 .715 .665 .971 .922 .910 .889 City and population group Helpers and laborers—Continued Population group —Continued. Milwaukee, Wis__ _ Pittsburgh, Pa__ ________ _ Average for group 2 _ _ Buffalo, N. Y ______ Baltimore, Md________ __ Population group 3 (250,000 to 500,000): Newark, N. J____________________ Seattle, Wash_________ _ _ ___ Kansas City, M o___ _ Minneapolis, Minn __ _ Cincinnati, h io _______ Toledo, O hio_________ _ _ ___ St. Paul, Minn _ ___ Portland, Oreg_________ Indianapolis, Ind_________ . Denver, Colo ___________ _ Washington, D. C_______ Average for group 3____________ Rochester, N. Y _______ Providence, R. I_________ Memphis, Tenn__________ _ . Columbus, Ohio__________ ____ Houston, Tex________ :___ _ __ New Orleans, La _ ____ Louisville, Ky _______ Dallas, Tex _____ Atlanta, Ga_________j ____ _____ Birmingham, Ala ___ Population group 4 ( to 250,000): Spokane, Wash. __ ... __ Peoria, 111 _________ _____ _ _ Worcester, Mass________ Salt Lake City, Utah__ __ South Bend, I n d __________ ... Des Moines, Iowa____ ____ ___ _ New Haven, Conn______ Scranton, P a... __________ _____ Rock Island (111.) district Average for group 4 - __ Reading, Pa _ _ __________ Dayton, Ohio ___ ________ _ Youngstown, O hio_______ ____ Duluth, Minn __________ _______ Springfield, Mass______________ Erie, Pa. ______ _____________ Oklahoma Citv, Okla__________ _ San Antonio, Tex____________... El Paso, Tex__________ __________ Grand Rapids, Mich_____________ Nashville, Tenn. ... _____ _ _ Jacksonville, Fla______________ _ Population group 5 (40,000 to , ): Butte, M o n t___ . . . Phoenix, A riz______ _ York, Pa________________________ Average for group 5_____________ _ Madison, Wis _____________ _. Manchester, N. H _________ ____ _ Portland, Maine ____ _ __ _ Charleston, W .V a___ ______ _ Jackson, Miss ___________________ i Includes Rock Island, 111., Davenport, Iowa, and Moline, 111. Average hourly rate 2 6 $0 882 .867 .862 .690 .632 1.073 .921 .907 .838 .817 .808 .798 .785 .789 .74* .74 9 .705 .679 .658 .656 .540 .575 .546 .522 .472 .468 .8 8 6 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 100 000 1 .0 0 1 .878 .808 .771 .765 .761 .751 .725 .724 .710 .709 .678 .676 .645 .638 .615 .584 .581 .542 .527 .488 .449 .894 .743 .722 .691 .6 8 6 .669 .644 .546 .450 Wage Rates for Special Types o f W ork Most of the building trades’ agreements provide only one rate of wages, which applies to all work of the specified crafts regardless of the type of construction involved. Penalty rates for work con sidered particularly dangerous or difficult, such as spray painting, work on high scaffolds, or work under air pressure, are sometimes provided. Agreements for elevator constructors generally specify a 10-percent differential in favor of maintenance or repair work. Similar main tenance differentials are occasionally found in the agreements for a few other crafts, particularly electricians, plumbers, and carpenters. These differentials are sometimes based upon the full weekly employ ment of the workman and may not be invoked on part-time work. This principle of a differential in favor of full-time employment is applied in a few of the agreements for engineers, which provide full time weekly rates of approximately 10 percent under the broken-time hourly rates, applying to all types of work. Home Building Supplementary to the collection of the union wage and hour scales, each union official interviewed was asked to estimate the proportion of new construction in his territory to which the union scales apply. The same question was also asked of a number of active general contractors in each city. The concensus of opinion was that nearly all public buildings, large commercial buildings, and larger residences in the cities surveyed are constructed under union conditions. In respect to the construc tion of smaller dwellings (ranging under $10,000), the opinions varied widely between cities, although those relating to particular cities were generally in comparatively close agreement.4 In only 4 cities was it universally agreed that union rates prevailed upon practically all residential construction. In two additional cities the contractors agreed that union conditions were nearly universal, although the union officials in these cities were not so sure. The con tractors in 12 other cities and the union officials in 16 cities estimated that union conditions prevail on over half of the smaller residence jobs. The union officials in 47 cities and the contractors in 52 cities *Inasmuch as the proportions quoted are based only upon well-informed estimates, care must be exercised in their application, and the possibility of personal bias would be taken into consideration. 25 26 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES estimated that less than half the small-dwelling work in their localities is done under union conditions. In 49 of these cities the contractors placed the proportion of union work at less than 25 percent for the small-house construction, while the union officials agreed that it was under 25 percent in 25 cities. Differentials favoring dwelling construction, as opposed to public and commercial work, are contained in a few agreements. The elec tricians reported such differentials in 10 cities, the carpenters in 4 cities, and the plasterers in 3 cities. The asbestos workers, cement finishers, lathers, painters, plumbers, roofers, sheet-metal workers, steam fitters, and tile layers each had dwelling differentials in one or two cities. The most extensive development of dwelling differentials was reported in Philadelphia, where the Building Trades Council has exe cuted a general agreement with the Home Builders’ Association of Philadelphia and Suburbs, which covers the “ operative building” of dwelling units. It provides wage scales for the trades involved at rates generally about 20 percent below those specified in the regular commercial agreements. By the definition in the agreement, these provisions are restricted to “ the erection or alteration, upon ground purchased by operative builders, of buildings, anticipating the sale of the completed structures at a profit.” Building work under contract awarded after competitive bidding is specifically excluded from the benefits of this agreement. Most of the local unions that are customarily concerned with dwelling construction in Philadelphia have ratified this agreement and are participating in the work under its terms. Generally the partici pating unions have placed restrictions upon their members who are permitted to work under this agreement, customarily either classifying such members within the local or organizing them into subordinate locals. These members then are prohibited under normal conditions from accepting work on any jobs which are covered by the regular commercial agreements. Overtim e Rates Double time was specified as the initial overtime rate in agreements covering 63.3 percent of the total building-trades membership in the cities surveyed. Time and one-half was reported for 35.9 percent of the membership. A small number of reports showed time and onethird or specific monetary rates which were not multiples of the regular rates. In 41 instances no provision was made in the agreements for any penalty rate for overtime. Most of these cases were in localities where oral agreements prevailed and it was explained that overtime work was so seldom required that no consideration of a penalty rate had been necessary. Two other agreements prohibited overtime work entirely. The overtime sections of the agreements frequently provided that the initial overtime rate should apply only for a limited number of hours after the regular quitting time, and that a further increased scale should apply thereafter. This was particularly true of those agreements which specified time and one-half as the initial overtime rate. These agreements frequently required the payment of double time for work continuing after 6 p. m. and also for any overtime work on Saturday. Double time was more generally specified for excess hours among the journeyman trades than among the helpers and laborers. In the journeyman group the double time rate applied to 70.9 percent of the membership, while 28.6 percent had a time and one-half rate. The helpers and laborers had a time and one-half rate for 70.7 percent of their members and double time for 27.1 percent. A slight modification of the overtime provisions was allowed under some of the helper and laborer agreements whereby serving laborers were permitted to begin work before the regular starting time in order to have the materials prepared and distributed before the journeymen were ready to start work. The limited periods allowed for this pre paratory work were not usually classed as overtime nor made subject to penalty rates. The distribution of the initial overtime rates and the percentages of the memberships to which each applied are shown in table 9. 27 28 T a b l e 9. — U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES O vertim e rates p rovid ed in building-trades u n io n a greem en ts , J u n e l y 1 9 3 9 of union members Number of quotations showing Percentage having initial overtime rates initial overtime rates of— of— Trade Over No Time Dou Other time pen and ble pen pro alty one- time alty hib rate scales ited spec half ified All building trades__________ _____- - 1,254 1,419 Journeymen.................- -- 958 , 208 Asbestos workers ___ _______________ 27 31 7 34 Boilermakers ______ ______ 54 Bricklayers _ ________ ____________ Carpenters __ _______ _________ - 43 59 46 25 Electricians, inside wiremen ___ ____ 38 52 25 90 Engineers, portable and hoisting______ 119 133 50 14 _______ _____ _____ ____ Glaziers Granite cutters _______ _ _ 14 18 Lathers ________________________ 13 72 Machinists __________ ___________ 16 23 Marble setters_____ _ ___________ 24 41 Mosaic and terrazzo workers ______ 28 31 Painters___________ ___________ 89 17 Paperhangers. _ ___________________ 51 Plasterers _ __ ___________ 23 52 Plumbers and eras fitters___ __________ 26 50 Rod men ______________ Roofers, composition ___________ __ 56 Roofers, slate and tile________________ 35 19 51 Sheet-metal workers _ _______ _ 7 57 Sign painters _ ____ 29 67 Steam and sprinkler fitters__________ Stonecutters ________ __ 53 18 Stonemasons_______________________ 19 48 73 Structural-iron workers______________ . 34 33 ________ Tile layers H e lp e r s a n d la b o r ers 296 8 Building laborers _________ 62 Composition roofers* helpers __ __ 23 5 Elevator constructors’ helpers______ 14 76 Hod carriers (masons’ tenders)_______ 57 17 Marble setters’ helpers __ _________ _ 30 17 Plasterers’ laborers _________________ 42 24 Plumbers’ laborers 23 11 Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers _ 10 40 Tile layers’ helpers _______ 35 13 1 13 13 2 2 1 1 2 i Less than Ho of 1 percent. 0 ) (0 0.7 .3 .6 1 .2 2 .2 .6 .3 .6 5.0 1 0 .2 2 1 1 1 9.6 1.9 76.7 54.2 9.0 55.7 31. 5 4 32.4 11.9 32.0 70.7 6 87.3 4 79.6 6.6 5 74.2 33.1 2 35.0 1 22.3 7.7 3 45.3 8 8 .0 1 1 1 2 12 211 .2 6 66 1 0 .1 81 1 10 20 41 35.9 63.3 19 28.6 70.9 37.9 62.1 98.0 15.0 85.0 18.5 . 5 55.4 44.0 35.9 63.6 10.3 89.7 33. 5 65.7 64. 3. 35.1 19.4 80.6 4.2 90.8 89.8 17.6 82.4 45.5 54.5 59.7 39.0 2 .0 22 1 Over No Time Dou Other time pen and ble pen pro alty one- time alty hib rate half scales ited spec ified 1 1 1 1 .6 2 1 1 1 .0 22 1 .5 1 1 .8 87.2 98.1 8 8 .2 2 2 .2 40.0 91.0 43.7 .4 61.2 68 0.3 .5 .2 3.2 .2 .7 .4 5.6 .2 .3 .3 1 6.4 . 8 8 .1 99 0 6 8 .0 27.1 2 .2 1 0 .1 12.5 93.4 23.4 2 .6 7.9 2.4 6 6 .8 .1 64.2 76.4 92.3 53.6 .8 1.3 1.1 Union Hours, 1939 The average maximum workweek for all building trades was 38.3 hours. The journeyman trades averaged 38.1 hours per week and the helper and laborer trades averaged 39.5 hours (table 10). The plasterers’ average of 35.3 hours per week was the lowest of any trade. The highest average among the journeyman trades was that of the engineers, 40.2 hours. This high average was due to the fact that a number of the agreements for engineers specify a 48-hour week for street or road work. The average for steam and sprinkler fitters, 35.7 hours per week, was the lowest in the helper and laborer group. The building la borers had the highest average of all the trades, 40*5 hours per week. The basic workweek for 68.8 percent of the building-trades members was 40 hours. Thirty-five hours was specified for 17.5 percent of the total membership, and 9.5 percent were limited to 30 hours per week. Only 3.7 percent were allowed 44 hours and less than half of 1 percent were permitted to work 48 hours in any week without over time. The 40-hour week predominated for both the journeyman and the helper and laborer groups. The unskilled and semiskilled trades, however, had longer workweeks for 17 percent of their members as compared with 1.4 percent of the journeyman group. Less than 40hour weeks prevailed for 29.2 percent of the journeymen and for 16.5 percent of the helpers and laborers. 29 30 T able U N IO N 10.— SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES D i s t r i b u t i o n o f u n i o n m e m b e r s i n ea ch b u il d i n g t r a d e , b y w e e k l y h o u r s , J u n e 1, 1 9 3 9 Aver age hours per week Trade All building trades-. _________________ . . Journeymen _. _ _________ Boilermakers __________________________ Bricklayers _ ___ ____ ___ ______ Elevator constructors ________ __ Engineers, portable and hoisting-------------- Granite cutters____________ _____ _______Lathers __________________ ___ ___ - ___ Machinists - - _______ _____________ Marble setters __ ______ ________ _ Mosaic and terrazzo workers _ __________ Painters ________ _ _______ _ Paperhangers - ______ ___ _ - - Plasterers ____ - - _______________ __ Plumbers and gas fitters. _ ___________ Hodmen _ ___ ______- ____ Roofers composition _____ _ _____ Roofers, slate and tile __ ______ ____ _ Sheet-metal workers _ __ _ ______________ Sign painters _ _ ______ __________ Steam and sprinkler fitters. ___________ Stonecutters - . _________ ________ Stonemasons ______ __ _____ - ___ _. Structural-iron workers____ _ ____________ Tile layers - . -- ______________ Helpers and laborers _______ __ Building laborers . . . . . ________ __ Elevator constructors’ helpers ___________ Hod carriers (masons’ tenders)____________ Marble setters’ helpers _______________ Plasterers* laborers __ . . _________ .. . Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers. __ __ Tile layers’ helpers . ------------------2 38.3 38.1 38. 7 38.4 38.4 38.7 38.9 37.6 39.5 40.2 38.3 37.1 37.0 39. 9 39.9 38.8 36.4 36.7 35.3 37.9 39. 7 39. 39. 5 38.9 38.2 37.8 39.5 38.8 39.0 39.8 39.5 40.5 38.4 39.3 39.9 36.4 35.7 40.0 6 Percentage of union members whose hours per week were— 30 9.5 9.9 14.7 32 35 0 .1 .1 2 .1 1 .6 2 .2 2 2 .6 1.4 4.5 1 .1 2 .2 19.4 1 .1 4.0 1.3 7.3 .8 1 .1 1.7 35.4 40.3 1 .0 1 .1 69.4 76.3 69.8 67.9 75.5 73.0 72.5 63.1 83.3 65.2 42.9 68.5 93.1 98.1 74.9 45.7 60.1 48.9 74.6 95.6 82.9 83.3 79.9 53.9 74.4 1 1 .2 8 6 .8 22.5 11. 5 1.4 9.2 8.7 32.5 16.5 .9 76.2 84.0 96.6 .5 65.5 54.8 74.4 97. 7 56. 5 53.7 95.9 1 .8 1 .1 29.6 .4 18.8 28.4 42.4 17.6 1. 7 .7 .5 17.5 19.2 2.3 28.1 29.5 22.9 4.0 19.9 32.3 57.1 1.4 4.6 1.3 23.1 35.0 10.4 3.2 7.2 11.4 12.4 17.8 40.7 5.8 2 1 .6 1 .2 4.0 2 .2 1 40 4.4 5.8 1 .2 6 8 .8 66 44 48 3.7 1 .0 0.4 .4 6.7 1 .0 .7 2.5 .6 15.6 2.4 1.4 .2 2.3 .9 .5 .4 .3 8 .0 .3 .2 1 .1 1.5 .5 3.6 3.0 . 5.4 .6 1.4 .8 1 .4 2 .0 .2 .5 .7 16.4 24.2 7.1 .4 3.5 1 1 .6 .2 .5 3. 6 3.8 3.3 .2 1.3 Includes Mo of 1 percent having a 36.9-hour scale, amounting to less than Mo of 1 percent in the journey man totals. Includes also plumbers’ laborers and composition roofers’ helpers, not shown separately because of the small number of quotations obtained for these trades. One-tenth of 1 percent of the building laborers and Mo of 1 percent of the hod carriers had 49-hour scales amounting to Mo of percent of the group totals. 1 2 3 1 A majority of the members in each of the trades, except the granite cutters, painters, and plasterers, had 40-hour scales. Every trade reported some members as having 35-hour scales and nearly all reported a few 30-hour and 44-hour scales. The plasterers had the greatest proportion of members (42.4 percent) with 30-hour scales, and the building laborers had the largest proportion (24.2 percent) with 44-hour scales. Relatively few 48-hour weeks were reported. Only the engineers, composition roofers, and tile layers’ helpers had as many as 1 percent of their members working on a 48-hour basis. Provisions in Union Agreements 1 The great majority of union agreements in the building trades are written documents, signed by both union and individual employers or employer associations. The following discussion of the provisions generally included in building-trades agreements is based upon the analysis of 774 current agreements now in the files of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Parties to the Agreements About 60 percent of the agreements studied were negotiated by the unions with representatives of either permanent or temporary asso ciations of employers. The others contain terms prescribed by the unions and accepted by the individual employers without formal meetings. In over a third of the cases studied, in which actual negotiations were conducted, the negotiators for the employers represented asso ciations comprising all of the union firms in the localities. In less than 10 percent of the cases the employers’ associations represented fewer than half the union contractors in the respective districts. Wherever permanent employers’ associations exist the unions nego tiate with representatives of these associations who are usually em powered to sign for all association members. Nonassociation con tractors are then almost invariably offered agreements containing identical terms, with the exception that some of the joint machinery for settling disputes between the union and association members, of necessity, must be modified in respect to individual signers. In a few instances a slight advantage is given to association members through a provision that, in case of a shortage of workmen, members of the asso ciation shall have preference in the employment of union members. Where no permanent associations of employers exist, the unions frequently are able to negotiate with groups of employers temporarily associated for the purpose of arranging an agreement with the union. Under such circumstances the agreed-upon terms are incorporated in separate identical agreements between the unions and the individual employers. In many cases, however, there is neither a permanent nor temporary association of employers, and the preparation of the agree ment terms devolves entirely upon the unions. The customary pro1 In addition to the wage and hour scales discussed above. 31 32 U N IO N SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES cedure then is for the union, after consulting with a number of impor tant employers individually, to draw up a contract which must be accepted by each union firm in the community. In a few cities blanket agreements covering all, or most, trades are entered into between the building trades council, as agent for the separate local unions, and the employers. Such agreements generally include only the wage and hour scales of the various crafts and an agreement, by reference, to observe the established working rules of the respective local unions in the employment of their particular members. A few trades, notably the elevator constructors, sprinkler fitters, and tile and marble setters, have national agreements negotiated between the international unions and the national associations of con tractors. The national agreements generally define the craft juris dictions, establish general working conditions, and provide for a na tional board of conciliation or arbitration to which are referred disputes which cannot be settled locally. Wage and hour scales, however, are generally left to the locals to be incorporated in supplementary agreements. The Sheet Metal Workers Union and the Asbestos Workers Inter national Union have adopted standard agreement forms which are used by nearly all their local unions, thus establishing uniform work ing conditions throughout these crafts, excepting, of course, the pro visions relating to wages and hours, which vary between localities. Agreements entered into are sometimes influenced by constitutional provisions of the international unions. For instance, the electrical workers, operating engineers, structural-iron workers, plasterers and cement finishers, and the painters and paperhangers all have consti tutional provisions requiring the local unions to obtain approval of every agreement from their international offices before the agree ments can be made effective. This, in effect, makes the international office an additional party to the approved agreement although not a signer. In a few instances, constitutional limitations or requirements are placed upon the subjects which the local unions may include in their agreements. The carpenters, painters, paperhangers, plaster ers, and cement finishers are prohibited from agreeing to work only for members of an employers’ association; the plumbers, steam fitters, painters, and paperhangers are prohibited from establishing more than one wage scale; the plumbers and steam fitters may not sign an agreement containing a clause which prohibits sympathetic strikes; and the bricklayers and tile, marble, and terrazzo helpers are required to include an arbitration clause in every agreement. P R O V IS IO N S IN U N IO N AGREEM ENTS 33 Qualifications of Employers Many of the agreements specify definite qualifications which must be met by each contractor who desires to become a party thereto. The most common is a requirement that he maintain valid workmen's compensation insurance. Agreements for trades such as plumbing or electric wiring, in which contractors are frequently required to have licenses, often require that the license be obtained before the agreement is signed. Other requirements appear in about 10 percent of the agreements. These include most frequently the maintenance of an office separate from the contractor's home, and proof of his financial ability to meet pay-roll obligations. Less frequently he is required to maintain a business telephone, to be a member of the contractors' association, or to be approved, after investigation, by a joint board composed of union and union contractors' representatives. In some cases the approval of prospective signers is delegated entirely to the contractors' association. A few agreements require the possession of an adequate stock of materials, and a small number require that the signer shall guarantee either the continuous employment of one or two men or cumulative employment for a specified number of man-hours during the year. In a few agreements nonmembers of the contractors' association are required to pay to the union amounts equivalent to membership fees in the association, and to meet all assessments later imposed upon members of the association. These fees are designed to cover the nonmember's share in the cost of maintaining the joint trade boards. In return he is granted the right to use the facilities for settling disputes thus provided. M ost of the unions have rules governing those of their own member ship who wish to become contractors and these rules are sometimes incorporated in the agreements. Generally such members are required to take out a withdrawal card which certifies to their honora ble separation from the union. They are then required to sign the regular trade agreement as contractors, and are prohibited from working as journeymen for others. Should they elect to give up con tracting they must return their withdrawal cards, and are generally prohibited from engaging in contracting for a year thereafter. Duration o f the Agreements The great majority of building-trades agreements are made for a 1-year term. Comparatively few agreements have specified terms exceeding 1 year, although some provide that the terms shall continue in effect indefinitely until one of the parties shall give notice of a 34 U N IO N SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES desired change. In some instances it is provided that particular sections of the agreements may be opened for reconsideration without affecting other portions of the contract. The elevator constructors have this provision in respect to the wage section of their agreement. U nion Status and Coverage o f Agreement The closed shop is almost universally provided in the buildingtrades agreements. Three-fourths definitely state that only good standing members of the signatory local union shall be employed on any work of their craft undertaken by the signatory employers. Most of those agreements in which this provision is not specifically stated contain sections extending the agreement to include applica tion of the working rules of the local unions. These almost invaria bly incorporate the closed-shop principle. In a very small number of agreements the employers agree only to give preference to union members in hiring workmen. The Check-off The check-off method of collecting union dues is rarely provided in building-trades agreements. This is largely due to the fact that building tradesmen work intermittently, and frequently change employers so that it would be difficult to keep employers informed concerning the proper deductions to be made from the pay of their particular employees on pay days. In practice most building-trades unions insure the payment of dues by requiring the job stewards periodically to inspect the dues books of all members on their jobs and to report all delinquents to the busi ness agent. In some cases the stewards are also authorized to collect dues from all members working with them. Working Employers About a fourth of the agreements place some restrictions upon the employers working in other than a supervisory capacity. Many agreements prohibit the use of tools by employers. This provision is included in the standard agreement form of the International Associa tion of Heat and Frost Insulators and Asbestos Workers, and appears in practically all of their local agreements. A considerable number of agreements permit only one member of an employing firm or partnership to work on the job; generally such working employers must be accompanied by at least one journeyman. A small number of agreements allow two members of a firm to work and a few require only that not over half of any crew may be members of the employing firm. A very small number of agreements require working employers to be members of the union. Generally it is P R O V IS IO N S IN U N IO N AGREEM ENTS 35 required that working employers observe the hour scales and working rules applying to employees. Foremen Foremen are generally included under the terms of building-trades agreements and are usually required to be members of the unions. The membership requirement is specified in the constitutions of several international unions. The constitution of the Granite Cutters’ International Association of America requires working foremen to be members but prohibits their attending union meetings, and that of the Sheet Metal Workers’ International Association specifies that foremen may optionally belong to the union. Even though they are union members, a number of agreements specifically provide that foremen shall be considered agents of the employer with power to hire and fire, and that they shall not be subject to censure or discipline by the union for the execution of their em ployers’ instructions. On the other hand, many agreements specifi cally state that foremen must adhere to the same hour and overtime provisions applying to journeymen. It is customarily understood that the employer may employ workmen of his own choice as foremen. Frequently the agreements which require hiring to be done through the union office specifically exempt the foremen from this requirement. Generally the employment of a foreman is required only when there are a number of workmen on a job. Occasionally, however, it is specified that every job shall have a foreman and that a man working alone must be given foreman’s wages. In a few cases duties that are generally performed by job stewards are assigned to the foremen, such as the enforcement of agreement provisions and the reporting of violations to the union. A frequent requirement is that workmen shall take orders only from their own foreman, the employer, or his superintendent. Union Hiring The great majority of the agreements contain no reference to hiring methods, requiring only that union members shall be employed. About one in eight specifically say that all hiring shall be done through the union offices. Several specify that stated proportions of each crew, most frequently 50 percent, shall be furnished by the union office and that the employer may engage the others as he sees fit. On the other hand a number of agreements specifically state that the employer may hire any member he desires without consulting the union. Over a fourth of the agreements state that, in case the local union is unable to furnish the workmen needed, the employer may engage nonmembers who will be granted working permits by the union. A 36 U N IO N SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES considerable number of these specify that such permit men must be replaced by members of the local union as soon as they become avail able. In a few cases nonmembers are required to apply for member ship in the union immediately upon being employed. Aids to Enforcement A majority of the agreements provide that properly accredited representatives of the unions may visit the jobs during working hours to interview union members or to observe whether or not the agree ment provisions are being followed. In a number of cases it is also provided that the employers’ pay-roll records shall be open to union inspection. Under some agreements each employer is required to furnish the union with a copy of his weekly pay roll. A few agreements require the employer to report each job to the union before work is started and to post on the job a card issued by the union certifying that the job has been registered. Union rules usually require the first man starting work on any job to report the job to the union and to serve as acting steward until a regular steward has been appointed. Through these requirements of job registration and stewards’ reports the union office is enabled to know just where work is being performed and the status of each job. This not only assists the business agent in checking the jobs, but also serves to inform the union members where employment may be available. Wage Regulations Older or Disabled Workers The employment of older men in a specified ratio to the size of each crew is required under a number of agreements. The Operative Plasterers’ and Cement Finishers International Association of the United States and Canada has a consitutional provision making this requirement a part of the working rules. The requirement is most frequently that there shall be at least one superannuated man, or man of the age of 55 or over, among each 10 journeymen employed. The plasterers and cement finishers working rules extend the require ment to provide that “ where there are 2 or more apprentices in any employment there shall be one superannuated man.” The agreements rarely specify actual wage differentials in favor of older or partially disabled workers, but in a few instances indicate that special arrangements may be made in individual cases when workers are unable to hold employment at the regular rate of wages. A num ber of local unions have provisions to this effect in their working rules, which may be assumed to be followed in practice, although not specifi cally written into the agreements. Generally the method followed is PROVISIONS IN U NIO N AGREEMENTS 37 for the union, after investigation, to issue a privilege card to the indi vidual member. This card authorizes his employment at less than the contract rate. In some cases the privilege card specifies the rate at which the holder may be hired. More frequently the privileged member is allowed to make his own arrangements regarding wages. M in im u m C all P ay Regular workmen reporting for work at starting time, in the absence of previous instructions not to report, and any men who are ordered to report, but are not given a full day’s work, are frequently guaran teed a minimum amount of pay for reporting. The amount guaran teed for reporting is most often 2 hours’ pay. Guarantees of a half day’s pay occur in a number of agreements. Such guarantees in no cases, however, cover inability to go to work or to continue work because of weather conditions. Piece W ork, L um ping, o r S u b co n tractin g L abor Lumping or contracting to perform a given amount of work for a flat price is prohibited in the rules of nearly every union, and the prohibition is expressly stated in a great many agreements. Piece work is likewise generally prohibited although the application of wood lath on this basis is allowed in a few agreements. W age P a y m e n t Nearly all of the agreements specify a weekly pay period and a majority name the day of the week which shall be pay day. The great majority specifically state that pay shall be distributed during working hours, generally on the job. Should the employer elect to pay at his office he is usually required to allow the men to go to the office during regular working hours, and to pay them for the necessary transportation. A considerable number of agreements require each man’s pay to be contained in an envelope upon which shall be entered his name, the net amount paid, and the details concerning any deductions from his gross earnings for the week. Some agreements specify that the men must not be required to spend an undue amount of time waiting in line for their pay, and a few specify that members of their crafts shall not be required to line up with other crafts for payment. About one in every six agreements provide that should the pay not be distributed before quitting time on pay day the men shall receive pay for the time spent waiting for their money. Frequently this waiting-time pay is at the rate of time and a half. The majority of the agreements either specifically or impliedly require that each pay shall cover all accrued time, including that of 38 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES the pay day. About 1 in 10 allows payment to be on the day following the close of the pay period, 1 in 9 allows 2 days’ pay to be withheld, and a very small number grant the employer from 3 to 5 days in which to prepare his pay roll. Some agreements require that men who are discharged or laid off shall be paid at once. Men who quit voluntarily usually must wait until the regular pay day for their money, although a few agreements specify that they shall be paid at once, provided they have given sufficient notice (not less than 4 hours), for the preparation of their pay. A majority of the agreements do not specify the form of wage payment. Slightly more than a fifth require payment to be in cash and nearly an equal number specifically permit payment by check. Frequently the local union reserves the right to withdraw the privilege of payment by check, in case it is found difficult to obtain cash for the checks, or in case the employer should fail at any time to maintain sufficient balance to cover the checks. Hours and Shift Provisions H o u rs P e r D ay The 8-hour day predominates in the agreements of the building trades. The only provisions for a longer day without overtime among the agreements studied are those of hod carriers and building laborers in Little Rock who are permitted to work 9 hours. The 7-hour day is in effect for some trades in 15 of the 72 cities. In Denver all but 1 craft is working on a 7-hour basis; in New York about half the trades and in Minneapolis and Saint Paul about a fourth of the trades have 7-hour provisions in their agreements. The 6-hour day is specified in all but 3 of the regular construction agreements for Seattle, in about half of those for Butte, and about a fifth of those for San Francisco. In 11 other cities the 6-hour day is effective for a few trades. A majority of the agreements specify the hours of the day during which regular work must be performed. This is most generally between 8 a. m. and 5 p. m. D ays P e r W eek The great majority of the agreements limit work to 5 days per week. In 22 cities there are no exceptions to the 5-day week, and in 11 other cities only the elevator constructors engaged in maintenance or repair work are allowed over 5 days. The 5%-day week is established for all of the work of some trades in 36 cities. In Charlotte, N . C., the 5K-day week applies to all but 3 trades; in Jackson, Miss., and Jacksonville, Fla., to about half the PROVISIONS IN U NIO N AGREEMENTS 39 trades; in El Paso, Tex., to about a third of the trades; and in Charles ton, S. C., Little Pock, Ark., Oklahoma City, Okla., Phoenix, Ariz., and Wichita, Kans., to about a fourth of the trades. A 6-day week is permitted in the agreements of five trades in El Paso; three in Oklahoma City, Salt Lake City, and Butte; two in Dallas; and one in Jackson and Wichita. A few agreements from other cities, permit 6-day weeks on street and highway construction, but not on the construction of buildings. Maintenance and repair men are very frequently specifically per mitted to work 5% days under the agreements which limit construction men to a 5-day week. This provision is particularly prevalent in agreements covering electricians and elevator constructors. O v ertim e R e stric tio n s In addition to the imposition of a penalty rate (see p. 27), a number of agreements further restrict overtime work. Many require a permit from the union. A number prohibit overtime entirely. Some allow overtime only when there are no unemployed union members avail able, and others limit it to occasions when it is apparent that not over an hour’s work will be required to finish the job. R eg u la tio n o f S hifts A considerable number of the agreements contain provisions per mitting shift work under particular conditions. Special permission from the union is invariably required and generally it is specified that 8 hours’ pay be given for 6 or 7 hours of shift work. In all cases it is required that no workmen be used on a late shift who have worked any time that day on a regular or early shift. The occasions upon which shift work may be approved by the union are generally limited to work in occupied premises. New con struction is generally excluded although a few agreements include new construction when there is a time penalty clause in the job con tract. Sundays and Holidays S undays Sunday work is commonly prohibited in the building-trades agree ments except in case of emergency. Generally its necessity must be demonstrated and a permit obtained from the union before Sunday work may be undertaken. A majority of the agreements require the payment of double time for all work done on Sunday. These restric tions applying to Sunday work are also applied to work on Saturday in those agreements providing for a 5-day week. 218646°— 40- 4 40 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES H olidays Over 80 percent of the agreements specify certain holidays on which no work is to be performed. The number of holidays ranges from 3 to 11, 6 or 7 being specified in more than half the agreements. The holidays generally listed are New Year’s Day, Memorial Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. Frequently in cluded as holidays are Armistice Day, Washington’s Birthday, Elec tion Day, Lincoln’s Birthday, and Columbus Day. Various other holidays are specified in certain agreements, most of these being State holidays such as Admission Day in California and San Jacinto Day in Texas. Some agreements have a general provision to include all legal holidays. The agreements providing as many as 10 or 11 holidays are mostly for New York City or Boston. R estric tio n s o n H o liday W ork Holiday work is commonly allowed only upon the issuance of a permit by the union when proven to be necessary, and is almost always required to be paid for at double-time rates. Labor Day work is frequently even more stringently restricted, being permitted only when necessary for the preservation of life or property. The standard agreement form used by the asbestos workers requires triple wages for all work on Labor Day. Seniority and Sharing o f W ork Seniority is rarely treated in the agreements of the building trades. In occasional agreements with firms which normally offer compara tively steady employment to a regular crew of men, such as sign painting companies, larger glazing firms, or stone-cutting shops, seniority is applied, on the shop basis, in respect to lay-offs occasioned by slack work. Work-sharing requirements are contained in relatively few agree ments (about 1 in 22). Some provide that all overtime or work out side the regular hours must be given to workers supplied by the union from its unemployed list. Others provide that, in case a speci fied proportion of the union is unemployed, the union may restrict the working time of its members to less than the normal weekly hours. Others specifically limit the weekly hours of individuals, but not of the shop, to less than normal during slack seasons. In a few cases the employer agrees to allow the union periodically to rotate a fixed percentage of his workmen. The majority of the plans for sharing work are based upon regula tions applied by the unions to their own members rather than through agreements with the employers. Generally this amounts to the es- PROVISIONS IN U NION AGREEMENTS 41 tablishment of an unemployed list from which members are taken in rotation as calls for workers are received. The members who are sent out may usually work to the completion of the job, although they are sometimes restricted to a limited period. This type of work shar ing is common and is most successful among those trades having agree ments which require the contractors to secure all needed workmen through the union. W orking Rules Every union has a set of rules which define the duties and obliga tions of both employer and employee in respect to the performance of their regular work. In nearly all agreements some or all of these rules are stated as being binding upon both parties. Frequently the working rules sections of the agreements are detailed and exhaustive. In other cases only the rules covering a few specific situations are made part of the contract. A number of agreements do not enumer ate specific rules, but incorporate the established working rules of the union merely by reference. The rules vary considerably between cities and between crafts. The topics most frequently covered are treated in the following paragraphs. M aterial and T ool R estric tio n s Most frequently the agreements state that there shall be no restric tions upon the use of any material. Exception is sometimes made in respect to prison-made materials, which are banned in about 10 per cent of the agreements. A union-made material requirement appears in less than 2 percent of the agreements. A very small number prohibit the use of materials considered dangerous to the health of the workmen. Tool restrictions are likewise infrequently included in the agree ments. About one in six definitely provides that there shall be no restrictions upon the use of any tools. A small number place restric tions upon the use of a few particular tools. Most of these are agreements covering granite cutters, stone cutters, and painters. In the stone trades the limitations are generally in respect to the size and use of pneumatic hammers. The painters’ restrictions generally relate to the maximum size brush permitted in applying oil paints or prohibit the use of spray machines under certain conditions. In general the tool limitations imposed are not designed to retard the use of labor-saving tools, but rather to preserve the standards of workmanship in the crafts, or, in respect to spray painting, to protect the workmen from indiscriminate use of equipment which they consider a hazard to health. 42 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES F u rn ish in g T ools In nearly all building operations it is customary for the workmen to furnish, for their own use, the ordinary hand tools used in their work. The employer is expected to supply all the more unusual tools, power tools, and heavy or large equipment. To avoid possible question as to what tools each shall furnish many agreements specify the tools to be supplied by each. The requirements necessarily vary between crafts and the provisions for particular crafts frequently vary in details between cities. By way of example, plumbers and steam fitters are generally required to furnish all necessary wrenches up to a 14-inch size, and journeymen paperhangers must furnish their own straight edges or cutters. Inasmuch as it is frequently impracticable to remove personal tools from the job each night, a considerable number of agreements specify that precautions must be taken to protect them from fire or theft when the workmen are not on the job. The employer is generally required to supply a substantial locker or safe place in which tools may be locked, and is frequently required to reimburse employees for the loss of tools or clothes through fire or theft. A number of agreements specify the maximum amounts an employee may claim for such losses. M ain ten an ce o f T ools Edged tools dull rapidly and frequently need to be reset or sharpened if good workmanship and efficient production are to be maintained. In order that the sharpening may not be neglected and that it shall be done properly, many agreements specify that setting or sharpening shall be done during working hours, either by the journeymen using the tools or by a journeyman designated to sharpen tools for the crew. T ra v e l B e tw e e n Jobs o r Job an d Office The transfer of workmen between jobs or any necessary trips between the jobs and the office occurring during a day’s work is customarily the employer’s obligation. Frequently the agreements specifically state that the employer must furnish such transportation and pay for the time consumed. U se o f E m ployees’ C ars Many of the agreements permit individual employees to use their own automobiles in their daily trips to and from work and to haul their own tools to and from the job at the beginning and end of the work, but not otherwise. Generally the transportation of the employ ers’ equipment in employees’ cars is either strictly limited or pro hibited entirely. The use of employees’ cars in moving from job to job during working hours is also generally prohibited. These restric- PROVISIONS IN U NIO N AGREEMENTS 43 tions serve not only to prevent some employers from taking advantage of their employees who possess automobiles, but also to prevent such workmen from having preference over others in obtaining employ ment through offering the use of their cars, which in effect would amount to a rebate on their wages. In some cases when jobs are inaccessible through regular public transportation systems, employers are permitted to arrange with employees who have cars to transport other men to and from work. Such circumstances are generally restricted and the compensation to be given the car owner is specified. V o lum e of W ork Few of the agreements or working rules studied impose any restric tions upon the amount of work to be performed by a workman in a day. On the other hand about a fourth of the agreements definitely prohibit any such limitations. Complementary to this provision some agreements prohibit the employer from establishing time stand ards for specific jobs and from requiring workmen to turn in detailed work sheets showing the time spent on particular operations. A few lathers’ agreements specify the maximum amount of lathing to be done in a day or state the minimum that shall be considered a “ fair” day’s work. M inim u m Q u a lity o f W ork A number of agreements specify the minimum quality of the work to be installed and require that both the employees and the employer shall observe such standards. In many cases the standards are described in detail. In other cases reference is merely made to recognized standards established by law or adopted by the standards committees of national organizations. Some agreements constitute the union business agent as inspector with authority to stop work on a job until the standards are adhered to. Under a number of agreements employees who are responsible for mistakes or poor installations must replace the work on their own time. O rigin al C o n tra c to r Clause In a few agreements the union agrees to recognize only one employer of the craft on any particular job. In effect this requires that all work of a particular craft on any one project must be awarded to one contractor, and once started must be completed by the contractor to whom it was originally awarded. This provision is designed mainly to insure that, should the contractor stop work because of failure to receive payments agreed upon, the work may not be completed by another union firm without a settlement being made with the original contractor. 44 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES D ischarge Because building tradesmen change employers frequently and are accustomed to being hired on a day-to-day basis, and to being laid off without notice in accordance with the need for their services, they do not consider discharge (for cause) to be the serious matter that it becomes in industries where continuous employment with one em ployer is the rule. As a result, differentiation between discharge for cause and lay-off due to lack of work is seldom made. Very frequently the term “ discharge” is used in the agreements to mean any termina tion of employment initiated by the employer regardless of the cause. Restrictions upon discharge are very infrequent. On the contrary, a considerable number of agreements specifically affirm the employers' right to discharge without limitation. A comparatively small number of agreements do restrict the discharge of a job steward by requiring that he be retained for the duration of the job, and many prohibit discharge because of union activity. M iscell aneous M any agreements contain minor working rules of limited applica tion which run into innumerable variations. Examples of these are: That when construction rises above certain heights elevators must be installed, that painters shall start each week in clean white overalls, that drop cloths furnished by employers shall be clean and sanitary, that sign painters shall not be responsible for damage caused by paint carried by the wind, that materials! must bse distributed on the job and made conveniently available to the journeymen, and that no bricklayer working on a wall may work ahead of the line. O u t-o f-T o w n . W ork Most of the agreements provide that when workmen are sent out of town the employer shall provide round-trip transportation, pay at straight time for travel during regular working hours, and room and board while away from home. The wages to be paid on such work are usually whichever is higher— the home rate or the prevailing rate where the job is located. Some agreements specify that men shall be guaranteed full time while away from home, In a few instances the agreements require to employer taking an out-of-town job to send at least One man from the local union to superintend the work. The bylaws of the international unions require members who wish to work outside the jurisdiction of their own local unions to apply for a permit from the local in whose jurisdiction they desire to work. These permits' are issued subject to the local bylaws and the holder is required to observe all of the local agreement provisions and the local working rules. PROVISIONS IN U NION AGREEMENTS 45 When the job is so located that the workmen may conveniently return home each night, but is outside the city limits or beyond one streetcar or bus fare from the shop office, it is commonly required that the contractor furnish transportation or pay the excess fare. Travel ing time between the city line, or some fixed radius from the city hall, and the job is required to be paid at the straight-time rate under about one-fourth of the agreements. In a few instances it is required that arrangements be made so that the men may be at the city line, or city railroad station, within a half hour of both starting and quitting times, or the overtime rate shall apply. O u t-o f-T o w n Contractors Only those out-of-town firms which have accepted the local agree ment terms and working rules are considered “ fair.” Inasmuch as most agreements require contractors to employ only members of the local union signing the agreement, the importation of outside workers is, in effect, prohibited unless such workmen are given working per mits by the local union. The permits do not allow the holders to accept less than the local rate of wages, but do not prevent their receiving their home scale if it is higher. Some agreements specifically state that a definite proportion of local members must be employed on jobs performed by out-of-town firms. This is a constitutional provision of the lathers, who require 50 percent to be local men, and of the painters and paperhangers, who require 75 percent. A few agreements specify that the union shall give preference to local firms in furnishing workmen when labor is scarce. Apprentices Many of the international unions have provisions in their constitu tions specifying the term of apprenticeship, the age limits for ap prentices, and the number permitted. Other details are generally delegated to the local unions. The constitutional limitations on the number of apprentices are generally based upon the number of journeymen working for the firms which employ apprentices, although the plasterers and cement finishers are limited to 2 apprentices in any local union having less than 25 members and the lathers to 1 for each 5 members in the local union. The constitutional limitations applying to any one firm are: One to four journeymen for sheet-metal workers and ornamental-iron workers; one to five, with a limit of 5 for any 1 firm, for plumbers, steam fitters, and stone cutters; and one to 7 for structural-iron work ers. The constitutions of the bricklayers, granite cutters, and painters specifically, and those of the carpenters and asbestos workers im pliedly, delegate the regulation of the number of apprentices to the local unions. 46 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES The limitations set in the constitutions are maxima. They may be, and frequently are, made more restricted by the local unions. In the application of the limitations, the local unions frequently give preference in admission to apprenticeship to sons of members or of contractors, or to helpers who are already working in the trade. The minimum terms of apprenticeship specified in the inter national constitutions are: 5 years for plumbers and steam fitters; 4 years for asbestos workers, carpenters, plasterers, cement finishers, sheet-metal workers, and stone cutters; 3 years for bricklayers, granite cutters, painters, and paperhangers; and 2 years for lathers and iron workers. The bricklayers' constitution further requires that apprentices attend a technical night school for 1 year or complete an approved home study course, and that of the plumbers and steam fitters requires school attendance under the Federal training plan where such facilities are available. The minimum age for apprentices specified in the constitutions varies from 15 to 18 years. The maximum age is usually 21 or 22 years, although the asbestos workers extend the entrance age to 25 years and the iron workers to 30 years. In a few trades in which there are established systems of helpers the local unions sometimes make no provisions for apprentices and require that new journeymen be taken from among the experienced helpers. The standard agreement of the elevator constructors permits registered apprentices to complete their course, but prohibits the registering of any additional ones. Detailed regulation of apprenticeship is not generally made a part of the agreements. Frequently, only the wage scale and the per mitted ratio of apprentices to journeymen on any one job are given. A number of agreements specify that the regulations governing appren tices shall be established by a joint board, but customarily the impli cation is that apprentices shall be employed on the basis of rules adopted by the local unions. Comparatively complete statements of apprenticeship regulations appear in about 15 percent of the agreements. The regulations governing apprentices, as expressed in the agree ments and working rules of the local unions, vary extensively. As a rule the more extensive regulations are found in the larger cities, particularly in those crafts that have set up joint boards of control with employer participation. These regulations frequently require that the employer of an apprentice be able to give him well rounded training in the craft; that he agree to keep the apprentice fully em ployed throughout his term; that he require the apprentice to attend trade school; and that he make periodic reports to the apprenticeship committee regarding the apprentice's conduct and progress. PROVISIONS IN U N IO N AGREEMENTS 47 The working rules generally require that an apprentice work in company with a journeyman and prohibit his being placed in charge of a job. In most cases they are not allowed to change employers except upon special permit from the apprenticeship committee or upon the occasion of their employer’s retirement from business. Most of the local unions require each apprentice to pass an exami nation at the end of his term before granting him a journeyman’s card. These examinations are generally conducted by a committee of the union although the joint board is frequently given this authority. Some local unions require a written examination or an oral test, while in others it consists of a practical demonstration on the job. In others the applicant is considered qualified for journeymanship when he is vouched for by three or more journeymen who have worked with him. In a few cases the test is whether the applicant can obtain and hold work at the journeyman scale. The entrance wage rate for apprentices is usually about one-third of the journeymen’s rate, with specified increases every 6 months or each year. Generally the trades having the longer terms have proportionately lower starting rates. Health and Safety Minimum standards of safety are frequently established by State laws, city ordinances, or by the adoption of safety codes by the national associations of contractors. The agreements, therefore, do not generally provide extensive safety regulations. Less than half contain any references to safety. The requirements that are stated in the agreements generally relate to the construction of scaffolds or to the use of particularly hazardous equipment. The minimum specifications for scaffolds are frequently given in detail, although many agreements merely require that standards established elsewhere shall be observed. Some agree ments state that refusal to work from an unsafe scaffold shall not be grounds for discharge, but do not define what constitutes safe con struction. A few agreements require the employer to furnish masks or pro tective glasses to men using certain machines and to provide guards on power cutting machines. The granite cutters’ agreements frequently require surfacing machines to be enclosed or to be kept a specified dis tance from unprotected workmen. In a few cases the use of open salamanders is prohibited, and lathers are sometimes required to be furnished sterile blue nails when it is necessary for them to hold the nails in their mouths. Provisions designed to protect the health of the workers, as opposed to injury are included in very few agreements. The most frequent 48 U NIO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES of these requires employers to furnish rubber boots and raincoats to men working in concrete or in mud and rain. Painters’ agree ments sometimes prohibit the use of poisonous materials, or specifically permit the use of gloves by the workmen. Plasterers’ agreements sometimes require buildings in which they are working to be enclosed and heated during the winter months. Adjustm ent of Disputes S tew ard s Nearly all building-trades unions require one of their members in each shop or on each job to act as steward or union representative. This rule is made a part of over half the agreements. Usually the steward is appointed by the business-agent although sometimes he is elected by the workmen on the job. The duties generally assigned to the steward are to examine the union cards of all men employed on the job, to see that all provisions of the agreement are observed, and to report all violations to the union. In many instances he is re quired to collect any delinquent dues owed the union by members on his job and to see that injured men are properly cared for. Not many agreements or working rules specifically require the steward to do more than to report to the union in respect to agreement violations or grievances that may arise. Occasionally, however, he is authorized to present grievances to the foreman and to attempt settle ment on the job. In a few instances the steward may stop all work on the job if nonunion men are employed, and he is sometimes authorized to call time or close the job for the day in case of inclement weather. Generally it is required that the steward’s union duties shall not interfere with the performance of his regular work for the employer. On the other hand, discrimination against him because of his union duties, is prohibited. Frequently it is required that the steward be the last man of the crew to be laid off. B usiness A g en ts Most local building-trades unions with sufficient membership to carry the expense have a full-time paid representative called the “ business agent.” The business agent serves as the union’s contact man and enforcement officer. He is required to keep a record of all union jobs in the district, to see that stewards are appointed, to investigate all reports of grievances or agreement violations, to per suade employers to sign the agreement, to assist members in securing employment, and generally to look after the interests and business of the union. Also, he is usually the one who represents his union in the meetings of the building-trade council. PROVISIONS IN U NION AGREEMENTS 49 Few of the agreements specifically state that the business agent shall act with the employer in settling grievances or disputes. In practice, however, most grievances are handled in the initial stages by the business agent and employer, and the great majority of the problems that arise are settled by them. The extent to which the business agent may commit the union is generally established in the bylaws of the local union and varies from city to city. In a few locals his handling of grievances or disputes is limited to instructions given him by the executive or grievance committee, and frequently any concessions that he may have to make to secure a settlement must be approved by the union. Very rarely does he have authority to call a strike even against an individual firm without approval by the union. G riev ance C om m ittees The committees within the local unions to whom grievance matters are referred are variously termed “ grievance committees,” “ adjust ment committees,” or the “ general executive committee.” Generally these committees are empowered either to meet with the employers in grievance discussions or to instruct the business agent regarding the arrangements that he shall make in such meetings, and to recommend appropriate action to the union. Relatively few of the agreements specifically mention these committees, their participation in adjust ments being based upon custom or the laws of the local unions. E m ploy er R ep resen ta tiv es A number of the agreements which are signed by permanent em ployers ^associations provide that the executive officer of the associa tion shall represent the members of the association in all grievance discussions with the union, even when the matter under consideration affects but one firm. Any decision reached by this officer in con ference with the union representative is made binding upon the asso ciation members. J o in t B oards Over half of the agreements provide for the creation of permanent joint boards composed of an equal number of union and employer representatives to whom disputes may be referred. These provisions are confined almost exclusively to agreements signed by permanent associations of employers. The joint boards are charged with the duty of enforcing the agreement and with interpreting any of the agree ment provisions that may be questioned. In some cases they are authorized to draw up supplemental regulations governing both parties to the agreements, and are frequently entrusted with the 50 U NIO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES control of apprentices and the creation of standards of competition and workmanship. Although the submission of grievances to these joint boards is sometimes required without previous action by the union and em ployer, generally it is implied that attempts at direct settlement have been made previous to submission. The joint boards are usually required to meet promptly for the consideration of disputes and fre quently must render their decision within a specified time. Any decision by a majority of the board is made binding upon both parties to the agreement. A number of additional agreements provide for the creation of joint boards only when disputes cannot be settled by direct negotiations between the union and employer. These temporary joint boards are limited to consideration of the dispute which caused their formation. Generally the joint boards are permitted to establish their own rules governing the submission of questions and the procedure in reaching a decision. The power to compel either union or association members to appear at their hearings is frequently specifically given them in the agreements, as is the authority to impose fines or other discipline upon proven violators of the agreement. The standard agreement of the elevator constructors provides that disputes which cannot be settled locally shall be referred to a national joint board which is called the “ national arbitrating committee.” Arbitration Nearly half of all the agreements contain provisions for the arbitra tion by outsiders of disputes which cannot be peacefully settled by joint action. About 70 percent of the agreements which provide for permanent joint boards and half of those providing for temporary joint boards provide also for the appointment of arbitrators in case the joint boards are unable to reach a decision. Generally the provision in these agree ments is that, in case of disagreement, the joint board shall select a single impartial umpire who shall cast the deciding vote. In a few cases the selection of an entirely new board of arbitrators, composed of equal union and employer representatives plus an impartial indi vidual, is required. Permanent impartial chairmen are required to be selected by the joint boards under a small number of agreements. Arbitration provisions are not frequently included in agreements not negotiated with employers’ associations. A few of these, however, provide for arbitration when disputes cannot be settled directly. Generally these call for the appointment of one union and one em ployer representative who then select an outsider as the third member of the arbitration board. PROVISIONS IN U NIO N AGREEMENTS 51 Subjects o f A rb itra tio n Generally the disputes which are to be arbitrated are limited to those arising from the interpretation or application of the current agreement. About one in six of the arbitration agreements, however, extend the arbitration provisions to include disputes over the terms of succeeding agreements. A small number specifically exclude questions relating to craft jurisdiction or to union conditions. Strikes and Lock-Outs Restrictions are placed upon strikes in about 60 percent of the agreements and upon lock-outs in about half. In the majority of these agreements the restriction is expressed as “ pending arbitration” although a considerable number make no qualifications whatever. General strikes, ordered by the Building Trades Council, and general lock-outs, ordered by the combined employers’ associations, are excepted from the prohibition against strikes or lock-outs in about 10 percent of the cases. Some agreements specifically allow sympathetic strikes in support of other members of the same craft, and a number state that the strike restrictions shall not apply in respect to the question of maintaining the closed shop. In addition to the restrictions placed upon strikes in the agree ments, each local union is bound by the strike provisions contained in the constitutions and rules of their international associations. In all cases approval must be obtained from the international office in advance if the local union is to receive any assistance or strike benefits from the international. In some cases an unauthorized strike renders the local union liable to suspension. Generally, approval of a strike by the international is contingent upon proof that all other methods of settling the dispute have been tried and have failed. In most cases it is required that the strike cal] be delayed, following application for approval, until the international can send a representative into the district to investigate and to make a final effort to bring about a settlement. Most of the international constitutions require a two-thirds affirma tive vote of the local union’s membership present, at a special meeting called to consider strike action, before approval of the international may be requested. In cases where the proposed strike will not affect all employers it is sometimes also required that two-thirds of the members working for the affected employers concur. Ju risd ictio n al C o n tro v ersies Methods for the settlement of jurisdictional disputes between unions are rarely made part of the union-employer agreements. The standard agreement form of the sheet-metal workers provides 52 U N IO N SCALES IN BU ILD IN G TRADES that such disputes shall be settled “ in accordance with national or international agreements, and decisions rendered by recognized and duly authorized labor tribunals and/or the National Jurisdictional Awards Board for the Construction Industry.” A few other agree ments specify that jurisdictional questions shall be referred to the international officers. These provisions imply but do not specifically require that such questions shall be settled without resort to a strike. Only 1 in 25 of the agreements contains a specific prohibition of jurisdictional strikes, although those contracts which state “ there shall be no strikes during the life of this agreement” may be assumed to include jurisdictional disputes as well as those arising between union and employer. Generally, jurisdictional disputes are settled through machinery set up between the unions themselves. In some of the larger cities local agreements covering jurisdictional matters have been entered into by the unions. More frequently, however, jurisdiction is a matter of concern to all locals of each craft and such questions are handled by the international offices. U nion Scales of Wages and Hours by Trades and Cities Table 11 lists the union rates of wages per hour and hours per week in effect on June 1, 1938, and June 1, 1939, by trade, in each of the 72 cities included in the survey. Since there are no union rates in effect for some trades in a few cities, some of the trade classi fications lack a full listing of cities. Sometimes there are two or more union rates for the same occu pation in the same city. This may be due to two or more unions having different scales, to one union having different agreements with different employers because of various qualifications or con ditions, or to both these situations. Where more than one union rate is in effect all are listed in the following tables, the letters A, B, C, etc., being used to designate the different quotations. The sequence of the letters is in no way intended to indicate the relative importance of the quotations or unions so designated. T able 11 .— U nion scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J u n e 1, 1989, and June 1, 1988 ASBESTOS WORKERS Atlanta, Ga_________ Baltimore, Md______ Birmingham, Ala____ Boston, Mass_______ Buffalo, N. Y _______ Charleston, W. Va___ Charlotte, N. C-_____ Chicago, 111_________ Cincinnati, Ohio_____ Cleveland, Ohio_____ Columbus, Ohio_____ Dallas, Tex_________ Dayton, Ohio_______ Denver, Colo________ Des Moines, Iowa__—. Detroit, Mich ______ Duluth, Minn_______ Grand Rapids, Mich Houston, Tex_______ Indianapolis, Ind____ Jackson, Miss_______ Kansas City, M o____ Little Rock, Ark____ Los Angeles, Calif___ Louisville, Ky _____ Memphis, Tenn_____ Milwaukee, Wis_____ Minneapolis, Minn__ Nashville, Tenn_____ .1 .1 $1.125 1.375 1.250 1.500 1.375 1.375 1.000 1.700 1.425 1.425 1.375 1.375 1. 375 1.250 1.000 1. 375 1. 200 1.000 1.375 1. 375 1.250 1.350 1.125 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.350 1. 375 1.125 See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1,000 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1. 500 40 1.375 40 1.375 44 40 1. 700 40 1.425 40 1.425 40 1.300 40 1.375 40 1.375 35 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.375 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 1.375 40 1.325 40 40 1.350 40 40 1. 250 40 1.250 40 1. 250 40 1.250 35 1.375 40 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 June 1, 1939 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s pe r 1 week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s pe r week City .1 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s pe r 1 week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s pe r week June 1, 1939 Newark, N. J__________ . $1.650 Home insulators ____ . .850 New Haven, Conn- ______ 1.375 New Orleans, La_____ 1.250 New York, N. Y __________ 2.000 Norfolk, Va______________ 1.125 Oklahoma City, Okla _ _ - 1.375 Omaha, Nebr. __ __ 1. 300 Philadelphia, Pa_____ i ___ 1. 375 Residential work____ .850 Phoenix, Ariz- __________ 1. 250 Pittsburgh, Pa. ______ - 1. 675 Portland, Oreg—_ __ ____ 1. 375 Providence, R. I __________ 1.375 Richmond, Va ________ _ 1. 250 Rochester, N .Y _______. 1. 375 St. Louis, M o... ......... ....... 1.500 St. Paul, Minn__ ________ 1.375 San Antonio, Tex_________ 1. 375 San Francisco, Calif—-. 1.250 Scranton, Pa.1__ 1. 250 Seattle, Wash_____ ______ 1. 350 South Bend, Ind. _ _ _ 1. 250 Spokane, Wash___________ 1.250 Springfield, Mass_________ 1.375 Toledo, Ohio_____________ 1.375 Washington, D. C________ 1. 625 York, Pa_ _ _ __ _ __ _ 1.375 Youngstown, Ohio. __ _ __ 1. 375 40 $1.650 44 40 1.375 40 1.125 30 2.000 40 1.125 40 1. 375 40 1.300 40 1.375 44 40 1. 250 40 1. 675 30 1. 375 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1.260 40 1.500 35 1. 375 40 1.375 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 30 1.350 40 1. 250 35 1. 250 40 1. 375 40 1. 375 40 1.625 40 40 1.300 53 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 54 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BU ILD IN G TRADES 11.— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J un e 1, 1989, and J un e 1 } 1938— Continued BOILERMAKERS Baltimore, Md___ Birmingham, Ala.. Boston, Mass____ Buffalo, N. Y ____ Butte, Mont_____ Charleston, W. Va. Chicago, 111._____ Cincinnati, Ohio... Cleveland, Ohio__ Columbus, Ohio... Dayton, Ohio____ Detroit, Mich____ Houston, Tex------Indianapolis, Ind.C Jacksonville, Fla... Kansas City, Mo_. Los Angeles, Calif. Louisville, K y____ Memphis, Tenn__ Milwaukee, W is... June 1, 1939 $1. 500 1. 250 1.500 1.500 1.225 1. 375 1.700 1.500 n.1. 500 500 1.500 1.500 1. 250 1.500 1. 250 1. 500 1. 375 1. 500 1.250 1. 375 40 $1.500 40 1. 250 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.225 40 40 1.700 40 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1. 500 40 1. 500 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 40 L 375 40 1.375 40 1.350 40 1.000 40 1.375 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H ours perj week | Rates of wages per hour Hours perl week 1 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour j H o u r s pe r I week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week June 1, 1939 Minneapolis, M in n .____ $1.375 Nashville, Tenn. . _ ... 1.200 Newark, N. J_____ _ _ _ 1.650 New Orleans, La... _ ... 1.250 New York, N. Y __________ 1.900 Peoria, 111 1. 500 Philadelphia, PaJ________ 1.250 Phoenix, Ariz. _____ ___ 1.375 Pittsburgh, Pa________ _ 1.375 Portland, Oreg______ ___ 1.500 Rochester, N. Y __________ 1.500 St. Louis, M o.. __ _ ... ___ 1.500 St. Paul, Minn_____ ______ 1.375 Salt Lake City, Utah______ 1.250 San Francisco, Calif_____ _ 1.500 Seattle, Wash____ ___ __ 1.500 South Bend, Ind... __ 1.625 Spokane, Wash. _____ _ _ 1.500 Toledo, Ohio_____________ 1.625 Washington, D. C______ 1.500 40 40 $1,200 40 1.650 40 1.250 35 1.900 40 1. 375 40 1.250 40 1.325 40 1.375 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 1.500 40 40 1.250 40 1.500 30 1.500 40 1.625 35 1.500 40 1.625 40 1.500 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 BRICKLAYERS 3 Atlanta, Ga___ . . . ____ $1.250 Baltimore, Md__ ______ 1.500 Birmingham, Ala_________ 1.500 Boston, Mass _ ___ _ 1.500 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1.500 Butte, Mont _____ _ 1.625 Charleston, S. C_ __ _______ 1.000 Charleston, W. Va___ ___ 1.500 Charlotte, N. C.__ _____ 1.250 Chicago, 111_______________ 1.700 Caisson, sewer, and tun nel work___ __ _ 2.000 1.625 Cincinnati, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio_________ _ 1.625 Caisson, sewer, and tun 2.000 nel work Columbus, O h io___ 1.563 Dallas, Tex _ ___ 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio __ ____ __ 1.650 Denver, Colo __ __ _ 1.650 Sewer work _. _______ 1.900 Des Moines, Iowa 1.600 Detroit, Mich _ _ 1.500 Duluth, Minn 1.250 El Paso, Tex __ _ _ 1.500 Erie, Pa _ _____ 1.500 1.500 Grand Rapids, Mich Houston, Tex _ _ _ 1.500 Indianapolis, Ind_______ 1.600 Jackson, Miss ._ ______ _ 1.500 Jacksonville, Fla.i _____ 1.000 Kansas City, Mo_ __ __ __ 1.625 1.500 Little Rock, Ark Los Angeles, Calif _ __ 1.250 Louisville, Ky ._ ______ 1.500 Madison, Wis __ _ __ 1.375 Manchester, N. H ___ __ 1.500 Memphis, Tenn . __ __ 1.625 Milwaukee, Wis 1.450 Caisson, sewer, and tun nel work__________ 1.750 See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1,250 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1. 500 40 1.500 30 1.625 44 1.000 40 1.500 44 1.250 40 1.700 40 2.000 40 1.625 40 1.625 40 2.000 40 1.563 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.650 1.500 1.750 1.600 1.500 1.250 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.600 1.500 1.000 1.625 1.250 1.250 1.500 1.375 1. 500 1.625 1.450 1.750 35 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1. 375 Minneapolis, Minn Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn. _ _ 1.500 Newark, N. J ... _ 1.813 New Haven, Conn.. .__ _. 1.375 New Orleans, La ____ . 1.500 New York, N. Y__________ 1.900 Norfolk, V a... _________ _ 1.375 Oklahoma City, Okla._. _._ 1.500 Omaha, N e b r .______ __. 1.375 Peoria, 111________ 1.625 Sewer work __ 1. 875 Philadelphia, Pa. _____ 1.650 Phoenix, Ariz___ _ __ ___ _ 1.500 Pittsburgh, Pa__ _ __ _ 1.750 Portland, Maine _ ____- . 1.250 Portland, Oreg _ _ 1.500 Providence, R. I_____ __. 1.500 Reading, Pa___ _____ _ 1.375 Richmond, Va_ __ _._ 1.500 Rochester, N. Y _ _ _ ___ 1.500 Rock Island (111.) district._. 1.500 St. Louis, Mo. ._ 1.500 St. Paul, Minn . . . . 1.375 Salt Lake City, U tah.. 1.375 San Antonio, T e x . _ _ 1. 500 San Francisco, Calif. _ ___ 1.750 Scranton, Pa__. _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.500 Seattle, Wash _ _ __ 1.600 Caisson, sewer, and tun nel work _ _ _ _ _ __ 1.767 South Bend, Ind __ _ __ 1.500 Spokane, Wash, _ _ ___ 1.500 Springfield, Mass __ ____ 1.625 Toledo, Ohio.. __ _ _ _ 1.625 Washington, D. C_____ _ 41.750 Wichita, Kans . ___ 1.375 Worcester, Mass ._ _ ___ 1.500 York, Pa_________________ 1.000 Youngstown, Ohio. _ _ _ 1.500 40 $1.375 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.813 1.375 1.250 1.886 1.375 1.500 1.375 1.625 1.875 1.650 1.500 1.750 1.250 1.500 1.500 1.375 1.500 1.375 1.500 1.500 1.375 1.375 1.500 1.750 1.500 1.600 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 1.500 1.500 1.625 1.625 1.750 1.250 1. 500 1.000 1. 500 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 U N IO N T able 55 SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES 11.— U nion scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J un e l f 1989, and J une 1, 1938— Continued CARPENTERS « June 1, 1939 City b03©JOM ©ft mM© June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 C©O © C3 a City M sK03J ftfn So * 103 ft so i Ph Atlanta, Ga_____ ________ $1,000 Baltimore, Md__________ 1.250 Ship caulkers_______ ._ .800 Birmingham, Ala _ _____ 1.125 Boston, Mass___ _ 1. 375 Wharf and bridge______ 1.275 Buffalo, N. Y ______ 1. 300 M illwrights.__ __ _ 1.400 Butte, Mont. _____ 1.500 Charleston, S. C .. ______ 1.000 Ship carpenters and caulkers... __ _____ _ .750 Charleston, W. Va________ 1.125 Chicago, 111__ ______ _ 1.625 Cincinnati, Ohio. ______ 1.450 Cleveland, O hio_______ 1.375 Columbus, Ohio________ _ 1.150 Dallas, Tex____ __ ___ 1.000 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio. . _______ 1.375 Denver, Colo __ _ 1.430 Des Moines, Iowa 1___ ... 1.225 Detroit, M ich... __ __ 1. 250 Floor layers. _______ ___ 1.275 Duluth, Minn___________ 1.125 El Paso, Tex.. ... ... 1.125 Erie, Pa _ ... . __ 1.150 Grand Rapids, Mich.. 1.000 Wharf and bridge. 1.250 Houston, Tex. 1.125 Residential. __ .. _ ._ 1.000 Indianapolis, Ind __ 1.250 Jackson, M iss... . __ ... 1.000 Jacksonville, Fla.: Union A ... _ __ _ 1.000 Union B _ . . . . 1.000 Kansas City, Mo _____ 1. 375 Little Rock, Ark_____ ... 1.000 Los Angeles, Calif_________ 61.100 M illwrights and par quetry floor layers____ 1.250 Ship carpenters_________ 1.000 Wharf and bridge __ 1. 333 Louisville, K y____ _ .... 1.250 Madison, Wis 1.100 Manchester, N. H 1.000 Memphis, Tenn ______ 1.125 Floor layers 1 _ _ _ _. .875 Pile drivers ._ _. 1. 250 Milwaukee, Wis. _ _____ 1. 200 Residential_____ _______ 1.000 Minneapolis, Minn ... __ 1.250 3 H 40 $1,000 40 1.250 44 .800 40 1.125 40 1.375 40 1. 275 40 1. 300 40 1.400 30 1.500 40 .750 40 .750 40 1.125 40 1.625 40 1.450 40 1. 375 40 1.150 40 1.000 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 1.375 1.430 1.225 1.250 1.250 1.125 1.125 1.150 1.000 1.250 1.125 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 1. 000 1. 375 1.000 1.100 1.250 1.000 1.333 1. 250 1.100 1.000 1.125 .875 1.200 1.000 1.250 June 1, 1938 C O §0 ©ft 03©W) ©ft n coM© 'o,ci M cg 25 S * si 03 o. o l03a o P3 H Ph tn Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) $1,000 Nashville, Tenn.1 Newark, N. J____________ 1. 750 1. 750 Wharf and bridge New Haven, Conn. ___ _ 1.150 1.000 New Orleans, La.1 1. 750 New York, N. Y 1. 750 Wharf and bridge. _ Norfolk, Va .900 Oklahoma City, Okla.. _ __ 1. 250 Omaha, Nebr_____________ 1.125 Peoria, 111- _______ ___ __ 1.375 1.250 Philadelphia, Pa.1___ Residential__ ______ 1.000 Phoenix, Ariz_ _______ 1.125 Pittsburgh, P a ._ ______ _ 1. 500 Portland, Maine. ________ .800 Portland, Oreg _ ________ 1.125 W'harf and dock_____ _ 1.250 Boom work. _ _____ 1.333 1.175 Providence, R. I Reading, Pa ____ 1. 200 Richmond, Va_. . . _ _ .900 Rochester, N. Y 1.335 Residential 1.000 Rock Island (111.) district__ 1.200 St. Louis, Mo 1. 500 Ship carpenters _ 1.000 St. Paul, Minn . . . . . 1. 250 Salt Lake City, Utah______ 1.125 San Antonio, T ex... _ . 1.000 San Francisco, Calif... . . . 1.250 Wharf and bridge 1.400 Shipwrights and caulkers. 1.125 Scranton, Pa . . _ 1.125 Seattle, Wash 1.250 Floor layers _ _ _ _ 1. 350 Boom work__________ _ 1.417 Bridge, dock, and pile driver. _____ . . . 1.333 Ship caulkers. _________ 1.200 Shipwrights____ _ 1.150 South Bend, Ind___ _ 1.250 Spokane, W a s h ..__ __ 1. 250 Boom work __ _____ 1. 500 Springfield, M a ss_____ _ 1.250 Toledo, Ohio . __ 1. 375 Washington, D .C ________ 1. 500 Wichita, K ans._ _____ ... 1.000 Worcester, Mass __ __ 1.175 York, Pa______ ________ .900 Youngstown, Ohio. ___ 1.250 40 $1.000 35 1.750 40 1. 750 40 1. 063 40 1.000 35 1. 750 40 1.750 44 .900 40 1.250 40 1.125 40 1. 375 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.500 40 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.333 40 1.000 40 1.200 40 .900 40 1. 225 40 40 1.200 40 1. 500 40 1.000 35 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.400 40 1.125 40 1.125 30 1.250 30 1.350 30 1.417 30 1.333 40 1.200 40 1.150 40 1. 250 35 1.250 35 1. 500 40 1. 250 40 1.300 40 1.500 44 1.000 40 1.175 40 .750 40 1.250 40 35 40 40 40 35 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 30 30 30 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 30 $2. 000 44 1.000 40 40 1.625 40 40 1. 375 40 1. 375 30 44 40 40 40 CEMENT FINISHERS $1. 250 Atlanta, Ga Baltimore, Md 1. 250 Birmingham, Ala.: Union A __ 1.500 Union B 1. 500 Boston, Mass . _ __ 1.450 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1.250 See footnotes at end of table. 218646°— 40------5 40 $1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.450 40 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 Butte, Mont .. _____ _ $2. 000 Charleston, S. C _________ 1.000 Charleston, W. Va______ _ 1.100 Chicago, 111__ ____ _ . 1.625 Road and curbing_______ 1.688 Cincinnati, Ohio_________ 1. 375 Cleveland, Ohio........ ........... 1. 375 56 T able U N IO N SCALES IN B U ILD IN G TRADES 1 1 .— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, Jun e 1, 1939, and J une 1, 1938— Continued CEMENT FINISHERS—Continued City June 1, 1939 wo> o> bfi ft n toM© S03 i So * M $1. 250 Columbus, Ohio. _ _ 1.250 Dallas, Tex _ _ _____ D avenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) 1.250 Dayton, Ohio 1.430 Denver, Colo __. . . Des Moines, Iow a.____ _ 1.250 1. 250 Detroit, M ich _______ Duluth, M in n ____ __ _ 1.000 El Paso, Tex _ _ _____ 1.000 1.250 Erie, Pa. _ . . . Grand Rapids, Mich______ 1.250 1.250 Houston, Tex Indianapolis, Ind___ _ . 1.250 1. 250 Jackson, Miss Jacksonville, Fla 1.000 1. 375 Kansas City, Mo______ 1.250 Little Rock, Ark. Los Angeles, Calif . ____ 1.250 1. 250 Louisville, Ky Madison, Wis 1.100 Manchester, N. H 1. 500 Memphis, Tenn _ 1. 250 Milwaukee, Wis__ 1. 300 Minneapolis, Minn . 1.250 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn . ___ 1.250 Newark, N. J_ _ _ __ 1.813 New Haven, Conn.._ 1.375 New Orleans, La . . . . __ 1.125 New York, N. Y.: Union A __ ____ ___ 1.750 Union B ____ _____ 1.900 June 1, 1938 © be <3 Ui *3^ i03& ® ft June 1, 1938 s 3 © £gc3 ©a tf cs"o I^ H © ft M *3^ _ u Z3 Sf lo3a o M City M "3 I* o June 1, 1939 H 40 $1.125 40 Norfolk, Va.. _ _ ________ $0.875 48 1.250 48 Oklahoma City, O k la .____ 1.500 Omaha, Nebr__ ________ 1.250 Peoria, I1L_______________ 1.375 Philadelphia, Pa__________ 1.250 40 1. 250 40 Residential.____________ 1.000 35 1.430 35 Phoenix, Ariz_____________ 1.250 40 1.250 40 Pittsburgh, P a __________ 1.500 40 1.250 40 Portland, Maine. ________ 1. 250 40 1.000 40 Portland, Oreg _ ______ 1.125 40 1.000 40 Providence, R. I _______ 1.150 40 1.250 40 Reading, Pa . __________ 1.000 40 1.250 40 Richmond, Va. __ ______ 1.250 40 1.250 40 Rochester, N. Y _______ _ 1. 500 40 1.250 40 Rock Island (111.) district___ 1.200 40 1.250 44 St. Louis, Mo. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1. 575 1. 250 44 1.000 44 St. Paul, M in n .........._ 40 1.375 40 Salt Lake City, U ta h .._ ... 1.125 40 1. 250 40 San Antonio, Tex. ______ 1.250 40 1.250 40 San Francisco, Calif_____ _ 1.250 40 1. 250 40 Scranton, Pa _______ _ . 1.200 40 1.000 40 Seattle, Wash... ______ _ 1.250 40 1. 500 40 South Bend, Ind_______ 1.250 44 1.125 44 Spokane, Wash__ _____ 1.675 1. 625 40 1. 300 40 Springfield, Mass______ 35 1.250 35 Toledo, Ohio.. _________ 1.625 Washington, D. C _ _ . ____ 1.500 Wichita, Kans . __ _____ _ 1.000 40 1.250 40 Worcester, Mass ______ ___ 1. 500 40 1.813 40 Youngstown, Ohio ______ 1.200 40 1. 375 40 40 1.000 40 35 1.750 35 35 1.886 35 ft T <=> M 44 $0.875 40 1.500 44 1.250 40 1.375 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1. 500 40 1. 250 40 1.125 40 1.150 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.375 40 1.200 40 1.575 40 1. 250 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.200 30 1.250 40 1.250 30 1.675 40 1.625 40 1.625 40 1.500 44 1.000 40 1. 500 40 1.150 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 $1. 250 44 1.250 44 40 1.500 40 1. 500 40 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 .750 44 .750 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 .750 30 1. 300 40 40 1. 250 40 1.300 40 1.063 40 .925 40 1. 375 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 ELECTRICIANS (Inside wiremen and fixture hangers) Atlanta, Ga.: Class A—Jobs over $5,000. _ $1. 250 Class B—Jobs under $5,000. 1.125 Baltimore, Md____________ 1. 375 Birmingham, Ala_________ 1.250 Boston, Mass_____________ 1. 500 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1.375 Butte, Mont______________ 1.667 Charleston, S. C__________ Charleston, W. Va________ 1.250 Charlotte, N. C ___________ Chicago, 111_______________ 1.700 Modernization__________ 1.250 Cincinnati, Ohio__________ 1. 500 Cleveland, Ohio__________ 1.650 Fixture hangers_________ 1. 650 Industrial wiring________ 1. 500 Columbus, Ohio__________ 1.250 Dallas, Tex_______________ 1.250 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis> trict.) Dayton, Ohio_____________ 1.650 Denver, Colo_____________ 1.500 Des Moines, Iowa_________ 1.375 Detroit, Mich_____________ 1.650 Duluth, Minn____________ 1.125 El Paso, Tex______________ 1.250 See footnotes at end of table. 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 $1. 250 40 1.125 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1. 375 30 1.667 40 40 1.250 40 40 1.700 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.650 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 $1. 250 Erie, Pa Grand Rapids, Mich__ ___ 1.250 Residential ____________ Houston, Tex ___________ 1.500 Indianapolis, Ind_________ 1.500 Residential, small.__ ___ _ Jacksonville, Fla ____ 1.250 Kansas City, Mo. _______ 1.375 Little Rock, Ark__________ Residential, small_______ .875 Los Angeles, Calif___ 1.125 Louisville, Ky.: Class A _______________ 1. 313 Class B ____ ____ 1. 250 Residential____________ .750 Madison, Wis____________ 1. 300 Manchester, N. H ________ Memphis, Tenn_____ 1. 250 Milwaukee, Wis.: Class A ___ ___________ 1.300 Class B -. 1.063 Residential___ .925 Minneapolis, Minn_____ _ 1.375 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn__________ 1.125 Newark, N. J_ _ _ ___ 1.750 New Haven, Conn,,............. 1.125 ___________________________ 7 1 .0 0 0 __ _ _ 1 .0 0 0 8 9 1 .0 0 0 _ _ __ 1.650 1.430 1. 375 1.650 1.125 1.250 1.000 ______ __ _ __ _ _ 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 1.125 40 35 1.750 40 40 1.125 40 U N IO N T able 57 SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES 11.— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J u n e 1 , 1939, and Jun e 1, 1938— Continued ELECTRICIANS (Inside wiremen and fixture hangers)—Continued New Orleans, La. $1. 450 New York, N. Y _______ __ . Alteration, maintenance, or repairs____ _______ 1.125 Norfolk, Va______________ Oklahoma City, Okla_____ 1.250 Omaha, N e b r ._____ _ 1.250 Peoria, 111.. ________ 1.375 Maintenance... _ _____ 1.125 Philadelphia, P a _________ 1.500 Maintenance____ _ ... _ 1.375 Residential_____________ Phoenix, Ariz _ _____... 1.125 Residential______ _ _. Pittsburgh, Pa. __________ 1.650 Portland, M a in e.___ ___ Portland, Oreg . _ ... 1.375 Providence, R. I_ _ _____ 1.150 Reading, Pa___ ... _______ Maintenance or repairs__ .900 Residential. _ . .800 Richmond, Va. _ _ Rochester, N . Y _________ 1.500 2 000 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 $1. 375 30 40 1.125 40 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 1.125 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 40 44 40 1.650 40 .900 30 1.250 40 1.150 40 44 40 40 .900 40 1.375 2 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 City Rock Island (111.) district. _. $1. 325 St. Louis, M o... _ ... __ 1.500 St. Paul, Minn_____ _____ 1.350 Salt Lake City, U tah.__ ___ 1.125 San Antonio, Tex ’... 1.250 San Francisco, Calif_______ 1.375 Fixture hangers_________ Scranton, P a _____________ 1.125 Seattle, Wash_____________ 1.500 Fixture hangers______ 1.250 South Bend, Ind________ _ Spokane, Wash. _ _ __ 1. 375 Fixture hangers and small repairs. _ . . . ___ 1.375 Springfield, M ass... ___ 1.375 Toledo, Ohio_____________ 1.650 Fixture hangers_________ 1.500 Washington, D. C_._ _____ 1.800 Residential______ ___ .750 Wichita, Kans.. _______ Worcester, Mass . .. _ _ 1.250 _ _ __ 40 York, Pa. _ 40 Youngstown, O hio_____ _ 1.500 40 30 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 30 40 40 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s pe r week City June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour j H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week June 1, 1939 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 $1.300 40 1.500 40 1.350 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1. 375 40 40 1.125 30 1.500 35 1. 250 40 35 1.375 35 1.250 40 1.375 35 1.650 35 1. 500 40 1.800 40 48 40 1.250 40 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 35 40 35 35 40 35 35 40 48 40 40 40 40 $1. 545 40 1.390 44 1.150 44 1.035 40 1.540 40 1.390 44 1.125 44 40 1. 250 40 1.400 44 1.260 40 1. 415 40 1. 273 40 1. 370 40 1. 230 40 1. 380 44 1.240 40 40 44 44 40 40 44 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 35 40 44 44 44 35 44 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 44 40 44 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 ELEVATOR CONSTRUCTORS Atlanta, Ga______________ $1. 250 Maintenance _ . ______ 1.125 Baltimore, Md. ________ 1.400 Birmingham, Ala ___ ___ 1.350 Maintenance _____ 1. 215 Boston, Mass. ___ __ _ __ 1. 525 Maintenance. . . . __ _ _ 1. 375 Buffalo, N. Y ____________ 1.430 Maintenance _______ 1. 290 Butte, M o n t.._____ ... _ 1. 540 Maintenance _ _______ 1.254 Charleston, W. Va _ _ _ 1.300 Chicago, 111.. . 1.700 Maintenance _. _______ 1.530 Cincinnati, Ohio ... _ 1.545 Maintenance _ ___... 1.390 Cleveland, Ohio. 1.600 Maintenance.. _ _ 1.440 Columbus, Ohio. _ 1.440 Maintenance 1. 300 Dallas, Tex______ _ . ... 1.425 Maintenance ____ 1.280 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio _ __ _ 1.545 Maintenance . ____. . . 1.390 Denver, Colo. ______ _____ 1.440 Maintenance________ _ _ 1.300 Des Moines, Iow a._____ _ 1.400 Maintenance _ ________ 1.260 Detroit, Mich____ ____ _ . 1. 550 Maintenance _________ _ 1.380 Duluth, Minn____________ 1. 250 Maintenance_______ 1.125 Erie, P a ______ __ _ _ _ 1.300 Maintenance _ ___... 1.170 Grand Rapids, Mich______ 1. 350 Maintenance______ _ ... Houston, Tex_________ 1.500 Maintenance____________ 1.350 See footnotes at end of table. .1 1 .1 1 1 .2 1 0 40 $1.250 44 1.125 40 1.400 40 1.350 44 1. 215 40 1. 525 44 1.375 40 1.430 40 1.290 44 1. 540 44 1. 254 40 1.300 40 1.700 44 1.530 40 1.545 40 1.390 40 1.600 40 1.440 40 1.440 40 1.300 40 1.425 44 1.280 40 44 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 44 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 Indianapolis, In d _____ M aintenance________ Jacksonville, F la______ M aintenance________ Kansas City, M o_____ M aintenance________ Little Rock, Ark______ M aintenance________ Los Angeles, Calif_____ Louisville, K y ________ M aintenance________ M em phis, Tenn______ M aintenance________ M ilwaukee, W is______ M aintenance________ Minneapolis, M inn___ M aintenance________ M oline, 111. (See Roc] land (111.) district.) N ashville, T enn______ M aintenance________ Newark, N . J _________ N ew Haven, Conn____ M aintenance________ 40 N ew Orleans, La______ 40 M aintenance________ 35 1.440 35 N ew York, N . Y ______ 40 1.300 40 Norfolk, V a___________ M aintenance________ 40 1.400 40 44 1.260 44 Oklahoma City, Okla. M aintenance________ 40 1. 550 40 N ebr_________ 40 1.380 40 Omaha, M aintenance________ 44 Peoria, 10 40 1.250 111_____________ 44 1.125 44 M aintenance_______ 40 1.300 40 Philadelphia, Pa.1------40 1.170 40 Repair 1_____________ M aintenance 1______ 40 1.350 40 40 1 .2 1 0 40 Phoenix, A riz_________ 40 1.500 40 Pittsburgh, P a________ M aintenance________ 44 l. 350 44 $1. 545 1.390 1.080 1.540 1.390 1.080 1.250 1.425 1.280 1.415 1. 273 1.370 1.230 1.380 1.240 1 .2 0 0 1 .2 0 0 1.300 1.170 1.850 1. 500 1.350 1.300 1.170 1.850 1.080 1. 350 1. 215 1. 250 1.125 1. 420 1.290 1.530 1.530 1.377 1.250 1.665 1.500 1 .2 0 0 1 .0 1 0 1.300 1.170 1.750 1.500 1.350 1.300 1.170 1.750 1.125 .950 1.350 1. 215 1.250 1.125 1.420 1.290 1. 530 1.530 1.377 1.250 1.665 1.500 58 T able U N IO N SCALES IN B U ILD IN G TRADES 11 .— U nion scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J u n e l f 1939y and J un e 1, 1938— Continued ELEVATOR CONSTRUCTORS—C ontinued Portland, M a in e ..____ _ $1,200 Maintenance . . . . __ _. 1.010 Portland, Oreg____________ 1.400 Maintenance___ _ _ . 1.260 Providence, R .I _______ . 1.410 M aintenance____ _ ... 1.269 Reading, P a . ____________ 1.300 Maintenance___________ 1.170 Richmond, Va____________ 1.250 Maintenance____________ 1.125 Rochester, N. Y .L . --------- 1. 375 Maintenance 1__________ 1.238 Rock Island (111.) district. _. 1.400 Maintenance_____ ___ 1.260 St. Louis, Mo_____________ 1.630 St. Paul, Minn___________ 1.380 Maintenance______ ____ 1.240 San Antonio, Tex____ 1. 350 Maintenance.._____ ... _ 1.215 40 $1,200 44 1.010 40 1.400 40 1.260 40 1.410 44 1.269 40 1.300 40 1.170 40 1. 250 44 1.125 40 1.375 40 1.238 40 1.400 40 1.260 40 1.580 40 1.380 44 1.240 40 1.350 44 1. 215 40 44 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 44 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s pe r week Rates of wages per hour ' H o u r s pe r week City June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour 1 H o u r s pe r | week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week June 1, 1939 San Francisco, Calif___ ___ $1,560 Maintenance____ ______ 1.404 Scranton, Pa.1____________ 1.365 Seattle, Wash__________ _ 1.540 Maintenance_____ __ __ 1.386 South Bend, Ind__________ 1.280 Maintenance____________ 1.150 Spokane, Wash___________ 1.485 Maintenance_________ _ 1. 337 Springfield, Mass_________ 1.475 Toledo, Ohio_____________ 1.600 Maintenance____________ 1.440 Washington, D. C 1.800 Maintenance, _________ 1.620 Wichita, Kans. _______ . 1.150 Maintenance___ _ 1.035 Worcester, M ass.. _____ 1.425 Youngstown, Ohio. . 1.500 Maintenance________ 1.350 40 $1,500 40 1.350 44 1.365 30 1.540 30 1.386 40 1.280 44 1.150 44 1.485 44 1. 337 40 1.475 40 1.600 40 1.440 40 1.800 40 1.620 40 1.150 44 1. 035 40 1.425 40 1.500 44 1. 350 40 40 44 30 30 40 44 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 44 ENGINEERS (Portable and hoisting) Atlanta, Ga.: 2- or 3-drum rigs_________ $1. 375 40 $1. 375 1- drum rigs___________ 1. 125 40 1.125 Baltimore, Md.: Heavy equipment: Der ricks, 2-drum hoists, cranes, pile drivers_____ 111.625 40 1.625 Light equipment: 1-drum hoists, compressors, con crete mixers, conveyors, road rollers, welders, pavers, batching plants.. >21.375 40 1. 375 Birmingham, Ala.: 1 2- drum machines, rollers. 1. 250 44 1.250 1-drum machines________ 1.125 44 1.125 Tractors, bulldozers, Le Tourneau machines____ 1.150 44 Boston, Mass.: Digging------------------------- 1.625 40 1.625 Hoisting________________ 1.375 40 1. 375 Hoisting assistants______ 1.150 40 1.150 Buffalo, N. Y.: Shovels, draglines, skim mers, cranes, derricks, pile drivers, head tow ers, cableways_________ 1.500 40 1.500 Rollers_________________ 1.375 40 1. 250 Hoists, locomotives, back filling machines_______ 1.333 40 1. 333 Air compressors, welders, pneumatic mixers, pow er graders, trenchers, heating boilers, concrete mixers, pumps________ 1.250 40 1.250 Butte, Mont.: Shovels_________________ !31.500 14 30 1. 500 Le Tourneaus (16 yards and over)_____________ 1.500 14 30 1.500 Shovel-rigged machines, winches, pile drivers, 1drum hoists___________ 1. 500 14 30 1. 250 See footnotes at end of table. 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 30 30 Butte, Mont.—Continued. Hoists on steel erection___ $1. 375 14 30 $1. 375 Bulldozers, scrapers, Le Tourneaus (under 16 yards)____ _ ___ __ . 1.250 14 30 1.200 Caterpillars or tractors (without attachments) _- 1.000 14 30 1.000 Portable engineers on building construction. _. 1.500 30 1.500 Street and road graders (public work)______ __ 1.125 48 1.125 Charleston, S. C.: Hoists (over 1 drum), shovels, pile drivers____ 1.250 44 1.250 1-drum hoists, bulldozers.. 1.000 44 1.000 Concrete mixers, pumps. __ .750 44 .750 Charleston, W. Va.: Steamshovels, cranes, der ricks, 2-drum hoists___ 1.375 40 1. 375 Concrete mixers (over 1 bag), portable air com pressors, tractors, 1drum hoists___________ 1.125 40 1.125 Chicago, 111.: Building construction: All equipment________ 1.700 40 1.700 Paving and open con struction: Power shovels, drag lines, Koehring grad ers, Haiss or Barber Green diggers, ex cavating cranes, and all machines of like capacity____________ 2.000 48 2.000 Rollers on black top____ 1.800 48 1.800 Clamshells, surfacing and retreading ma chines, asphalt plants. 1.750 48 1.750 Grade rollers__________ 1.700 48 1.700 30 30 30 30 48 44 44 44 40 40 40 48 48 48 48 U N IO N T able 59 SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES 11 .— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J u n e 1, 1939, and J un e 1, 1938— Continued ENGINEERS (Portable and hoisting)—Continued June 1, 1938 City Rates of wages per hour 1 H o u r s pe r | week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week June 1, 1939 Chicago, 111.—Continued. Paving and open con struction—Con. Boilers; curb, sidewalk, and culvert mixers; dinkey locomotives; stone crushers; tamp ing and finishing ma chines; form graders; material handling de vices; power blades; welding machines; air compressors_________ $1.625 Paving pumps___ ___ 1.125 Cincinnati, Ohio: Class A ________________ in.ooo Class B __________ ______ 151.375 Class C__________ ___ __ 151.525 Cleveland, Ohio: Building construction: P um ps_____ ____ _ . 2. 050 D errick s, high-speed 1.500 hoists_______ Air compressors, lowspeed hoists, boilers__ 1.375 1.150 -bag cement mixers. Road construction: Shovels, cranes, drag lines, Peerless cranes, hoes_______________ 1.875 Hoists on tunnel shafts, air compressors (plant operation)___________ 1.620 Foremen_____________ 1.600 Asphalt rollers, paving mixers, trench ma chines, truck cranes__ 1.500 Plant mixers, grade roll ers, backfillers, air compressors. _____ _ _ 1. 300 Columbus, Ohio: Cranes, shovels, draglines, trench machines, der ricks, cableways. __ _ 1.400 1.300 Hoists_______ ... Dallas, Tex.: Draglines, power shovels, 2-drum hoists ________ 1. 250 Bulldozers______________ 1.250 Air compressors, concrete mixers, 1-drum hoists___ 1.000 Tractors___ _ _________ 1.000 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio: Shovels, derricks, heavy hoisting equipment_____ 1.500 Mixers (21 feet and over) without power moving device_______ _________ 1. 375 Compressors, pumps, roll ers, small mixers.. _ _ .. 1.250 Denver, Colo.: Shovels, cranes, draglines, derricks, locomotive cranes, pile drivers, 2-drum hoists: In city_______ _ ____ 1.500 Outside city___________ 1.500 See footnotes at end of table. 1 48 $1.625 48 1.125 40 40 1.375 40 1.525 48 48 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1 .0 0 0 2. 050 1.500 1.375 1.150 40 1.875 40 40 1.620 40 40 1.600 40 40 1.500 40 40 1.300 40 40 1.400 40 40 1.300 40 40 40 40 40 1.250 1.000 1.000 .750 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 40 40 1.375 40 40 1.250 40 35 1.500 35 40 1.500 40 June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 a City cs « M o3 Denver, Colo.—Continued. M ixers, com pressors, cableways, clamshells, truck cranes, locomo tives, rollers, back fill ers, blade machines, bulldozers, pumps: In city________________ $1.430 $1. 430 Outside city___________ 1.250 Des Moines, Iowa: Shovels, derricks, 2-drum machines_____________ 1.375 M ixers, com pressors, pumps, rollers, tractors, elevators, 1-drum ma chines________________ 1.300 1.300 Detroit, Mich.: All machinery except on steel construction______ 1.500 1.500 Steel construction_______ 1.625 1.500 El Paso, Tex.: Shovels, draglines, and other large equipment _- - 1.250 1.250 Concrete mixers and other small equipment______ 1.000 1.000 Erie, Pa.: Shovels, derricks, cranes- 1.375 1.375 Hoists, air compressors___ 1.250 1. 250 Road rollers, paving ma chines, mixers (over 1 1.125 bag)---------------------------- 1.125 1-bag mixers, tractors____ .925 .925 Grand Rapids, Mich_______ 1.500 1.500 Houston, Tex.: Large equipment________ 1.375 1.375 Small equipment________ 1.125 1.125 Indianapolis, Ind.: General construction: Cranes, draglines, shov els, derricks, paving and hoisting machines. 1.450 1.450 Cement mixers, air com pressors, pumps, weld ing machines________ 1.300 1.300 Road construction: Power cranes, draglines, shovels, 2-drum ma chines, pavers (21-foot capacity)____________ 1.400 Scoops, bu lld ozers, trench machines, back 1. 250 fillers_______________ 1. 250 Elevating graders, pow 1.125 er blades____________ 1.125 Mixers (under 21-foot capacity), 50-horse power tractors, finish ing machines, form graders, 1-drum ma chines______________ 1.000 40 1.000 30-50-horsepower trac tors, air compressors, water pumps, dirt rol lers, firemen and oilers. .850 40 Jackson, Miss.: Hoists, shovels, pile driv ers, graders, draglines, air compressors, concrete mixers (5-bag)_________ 1.250 44 1. 250 o 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 60 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BUILD IN G TRADES 11 .— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J u n e 1, 1989, and J u n e 1, 1 938— Continued ENGINEERS (Portable and hoisting)—Continued Jackson, Miss.—Continued. Concrete mixers (2-bag)__ $1,000 44 Jacksonville, Fla.: Shovels_________________ 1.500 44 $1,500 2- and 3-drum hoists______ 1.250 44 1.250 Air compressors on steel construction___________ 1.250 44 1-drum brick hoists, con crete mixers, air com pressors_______________ 1.125 44 1.125 Pumps_________________ .900 44 .900 Kansas City, M oBoilers (2), clamshells, cableways, cranes, der ricks and derrick cars, draglines, dredges, loco motives regardless of power, master mechan ics, orange peels, pile driver and floating driv er, shovels, skimmerscoops, trench hoes, truck cranes or derricks, 2-drum hoists_________ 1.500 I 1.500 Boilers (1), boring or drill ing machines, compres sors, concrete pumps, ready-mix concrete plants on job, endless chain ho ists, generators, scoops, loaders, master mechanic’s helper, con crete mixers, 1-drum hoists, pumps, siphons or jets, towboats, trac tion front-end shovels, welding machines, rock crushers______________ 1.375 16 40 Backfillers, bulldozers, ditch machines________ 1.250 16 40 Elevating graders, finish ing machines, power blades, rollers, tractors. _ 1.000 i Los Angeles, CalifBuilding construction: Cranes, derricks_______ 1.600 40 1.375 Highline cableways____ 1.500 40 1. 500 Heavy hoisting and portable machines not otherwise specified___ 1.500 40 1.375 Material hoists________ 1.375 40 1.125 2-drum hoists_________ 1.375 40 1. 250 Compressors, concrete mixers under 1 yard... 1.250 40 1.125 Excavating: Steam shovels, draglines. 1.500 40 1. 500 Highway work: Trench machines______ 1. 500 40 1. 250 Tractors, rollers, con crete mixers (less than 1 yard)--------------------- 1.250 40 1.125 Louisville, Ky.: Class A________________ 1.500 40 1.250 Class B ________________ 1.250 40 1.000 Madison, Wis.: Dredges________________ 1.650 40 1. 500 Derricks, shovels, cranes. _ 1.650 40 1. 250 See footnotes at end of table. 640 City Madison, Wis.—Continued. - drum hoists_________ $1.350 Mixers_________________ 1.300 Manchester, N. H _________ 1.375 Memphis, Tenn.: 3-drum hoists, skimmerscoops, pile drivers, draglines, paving ma chinery, -bag mixers__ 1. 375 Tractors, bulldozers, pav ers, -bag mixers_______ 1.125 -drum hoists, street rollers________________ 1.250 Milwaukee, Wis.: Building work: Cranes, power shovels, derricks_____________ 1.650 Concrete pumps_______ 1.500 Pile drivers___________ 1.450 Hoists________________ 1. 350 Mixers_______________ 1.300 Compressors__________ 1.100 Pumps_______________ 1.050 Road work: Rollers, plant men_____ 1.650 Sewer and tunnel work: Backfillers, cranes, draglines, trench ma ch i n e s, co ncr et e pumps______________ 1. 650 Minneapolis, Minn.: Power shovels___________ 1.500 2- or 3-drum hoists, der ricks, asphalt rollers tons or over)__________ 1.400 Steam pum ps, stone crushers, street rollers (less than tons)---------- 1.200 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn.: - or -drum hoists, shov els, backfillers, cranes, cableways, ditching ma chines, diggers, drag lines, derricks, pile driv ers___________________ 1.250 Compressors, concrete m ixers, conveyors, drills, graders, pumps, rollers, stone crushers, tractors, -drum hoists. _ 1.000 Newark, N. J.: Hoists or compressors on steel work____________ 2. 250 Pile drivers on foundation work_________________ 2.025 Brick hoists, mixers, com pressors, excavating ma chines________________ 2.000 New Haven, Conn.: Air compressors, carryalls, cranes, derricks, pile drivers, steam or power shovels, -drum hoists. _ 1.500 -drum hoists___________ 1.500 Paving rollers, bulldozers, pumps, compressors____ 1. 300 1 44 44 44 44 2 1 1 40 (8 8 2 6 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1,000 40 40 1.000 40 40 40 1.250 44 40 1.000 44 40 1.125 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.650 1.500 1. 450 1. 350 1.300 1.100 1.050 1.650 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.650 40 40 1.500 40 40 1.400 40 40 1.200 40 3 1 2 1 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per 1 week i Rates of wages per hour H o u r s pe r week City June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week June 1, 1939 40 1.250 40 40 1.000 40 40 2. 250 40 40 2. 025 40 40 2.000 40 40 1.500 40 40 1. 300 40 40 61 U N IO N SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T able 11. — Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, Jun e 1, 1989, and J un e 1, 1988— Continued ENGINEERS (Portable and hoisting)—Continued June 1, 1939 os t-l City- June 1, 1938 City “f New Orleans, La.: -drum (or more) hoists, draglines, shovels, cranes, and other large equip ment_________________ $1. 375 -drum hoists, concrete mixers, pumps, and other small equipment. _ 1.125 New York, N. Y.: Heavy work: Hoists, cranes, derricks (steel hoisting)______ 2. 250 Shovels_______________ 2.125 Pile drivers___________ 2. 025 Stone hoists___________ 2.000 Cranes, derricks (other than steel hoisting), pumps (well point sys tem) _______________ 1.925 Rollers, concrete mixers, compressors, suction pumps______________ 1.750 Superstructure work: Bucket hoist (building material)____________ 2. 500 Platform hoist (building material)____________ 2.000 Oklahoma City, Okla.: Clamshells, shovels, hod hoists, concrete mixers, derricks, pile drivers___ 1. 250 Air compressors_________ 1.000 Omaha, Nebr.: Derricks, cranes, power shovels, draglines, clam shells, pile drivers_____ 1.275 Dredges, cableways, comDressors, hoists, mixers. _ 1. 250 Peoria, 111.: Building construction____ 1.500 Dredging: Hydraulic, dipper, or clamshell dredges____ 1.500 Cranemen on dipper dredges, powerboat operators____________ 1.250 Road construction: Paving mixers, power cranes, draglines, der ricks, shovels, -drum m achines, rollers, trench machines, pile d ri v e r s , backfillers, scoop or grader trac tors, bulldozers, sub graders, surfacers, load ers, crushers, mixers (over 3 bags)________ 1.500 Dinkeys, air compres sors, power batchers, water pumps________ 1. 375 -drum machines, - or -bag mixers, bullfloats, small rollers, tractors (over 50 horse power) ______________ 1.250 See footnotes at end of table. 2 40 $1. 250 40 1 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 35 2.250 2.125 1.925 2.000 40 40 40 35 1.925 40 1. 750 40 2.500 30 2.000 35 1.250 44 1.000 44 1. 275 40 1. 250 40 1. 500 40 1.500 48 1.250 48 2 1 17 40 1.500 40 17 40 1. 375 40 17 40 1.250 40 1 2 Philadelphia, Pa.: Machines handling steel or stone: Daily unit____________ $1. 875 $1. 750 Weekly unit__________ 1. 625 1.500 Shovels: Daily unit____________ 1.750 1.625 Weekly unit__________ 1.625 1.500 Tractors with bulldozers, rollers on earth: Daily unit____________ 1.375 1.375 Weekly unit__________ 1.250 1.250 All other building and con struction equipment: Daily unit____________ 1.625 1. 625 Weekly unit__________ 1.500 1.500 Phoenix, Ariz.: Shovels, draglines, trench hoes, cableways_______ 1. 500 Cranes, derricks, pile driv ers, mixers, backfillers, bulldozers, rollers, crush ers, hoists_____________ 1.250 Hot plant mixers, head fire men, crushers (under 1.125 400 tons)______________ 1.125 Pumps_________________ 1.000 1.000 Pittsburgh, Pa.: Major excavating and hoisting equipment____ 1. 563 1840 l.i Minor hoisting equipment. 1. 500 i«40 1.500 Bulldozers, tractors, grad ers___________________ 1.250 1840 1.250 Portland, Maine: Gas, steam, or electric shovels; 3-drum elevators. 1.375 40 1.300 Mixers, pumps, 1- or 2drum elevators________ 1.250 40 .900 Portland, Oreg.: Engineers with boiler makers _______________ 1. 500 1. 500 Steel setting, pile drivers, power shovels_________ 1. 375 1. 375 Derricks, cranes_________ 1. 250 1. 250 drum hoists._ 1. 125 1. 125 -drum hoists___________ 1. 000 1.000 Providence, R. I.: 3drum machines, shov1.500 Straight time__________ 1.500 Broken time__________ 1.750 1.750 Other equipment: Straight time_________ 1. 250 1. 250 1.500 Broken time________ . 1. 500 Reading, Pa.: Machines handling steel or stone: 1.750 Daily unit____________ 1. 875 1.500 Weekly unit__________ 1.625 Shovels: 1.625 Daily unit____________ 1. 750 Weekly unit________ 1.625 1. 500 All other building and construction equip ment: 1. 625 Daily unit____________ 1. 625 1.500 Weekly unit__________ 1.50C 2 1 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 62 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BU ILD IN G TRADES 11 .— U nion scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J un e 1, i'989, and J un e 1, 1938— Continued ENGINEERS (Portable and hoisting)—Continued June 1, June , 1939 1938 COO u© CCOD tia> S * ft ft City M M * ^ ” 1 ‘o “ & K>& S03 a o C3 a o M w 1 City 0 ,c5 .2 Reading, Pa.—Continued. Tractors with bulldozers, dirt rollers: Daily unit ________ $1,375 Weekly unit _______ 1. 250 Rochester,*N. Y.: Back hoes; keystones; pumps, 2 or 3 in battery; concrete mixers (14 bags or over)_______________ 1. 500 Wagon scrapers. _ _ _____ 1.125 Rollers; scull crackers; bulldozers; pumps (4 inches or over); concrete mixers (under 14 bags)-------------------------Rock Island (111.) district: Small machines (building . work) _ _ Heavy machines (road work). __ __ _ _____ 1. 250 Finishing machines (road work)... . ________ ..... 1.150 St. Louis, Mo.: -drum hoists, orange peels, clamshells, piie drivers, locomotive cranes, and other large equinment__________ . -drum hoists, small mix ers, and other small equipment.. . _ _ _ . 1. 500 Asphalt rollers, mixing plants___ ____________ 1.750 St. Paul, Minn.: Power shovels . ... ... 1.500 2- oi 3-drum hoists, der ricks, asphalt rollers 1.400 tons or over) _ ... Steam pumps, stone crush ers, rollers (under tons). Salt Lake City, Utah: Shovels, draglines, pavers, and machinery not oth erwise classified_______ 1. 250 Bulldozers, Le Tourneau machines, blades, rollers San Antonio, Tex.: Cableways_____ ____ 1.500 1. 250 Derricks _ _ _ _ Clamshells, power shovels, draglines, pile drivers, 2- or 3-drum hoists_____ 1 250 1. 250 Truck cranes Rollers, tractors, maintainers, pumps, -drum hoists, air compressors... Graders____ __ . . . . . .750 San Francisco, Calif.: Power shovels or other machines with “ shoveltvpe” controls 1.625 Pile drivers Machinery for handling steel____________ ___ 1.600 Tractors (over 50 horse power), rollers, trench ers, draglines, clam shells, asphalt burners... 1. 500 Building hoists__________ 1.3751 See footnotes at end of table. 1 .0 0 0 1 200 40 $1. 375 40 40 1. 250 40 40 1.375 40 40 40 1 .0 0 0 40 1 .0 0 0 40 40 . 4C 40 1. 250 40 40 1.150 40 1 200 2 2 .0 0 0 8 1 .2 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 1 .0 0 0 2 .0 0 0 0 Scranton, Pa.: Derricks________________ $1,500 Concrete mixers, pumps... 1.500 Seattle, Wash.: 1. 850 Power shovels__ ... Locomotive cranes, clam shells, paving mixers___ 1. 750 Rollers on plant-mixed material______________ 1. 650 Hoists on steel erection__ 1.625 All other hoists, motor patrols, power graders, bulldozers (60 horse power or over)___ . . . 1.500 Bulldozers (under 60 horse power), rollers other than on plant-mixed material, excavating 1.350 compressors _____ 1.250 Caterpillar tractors___ South Bend, Ind.: Cranes, derricks, shovels, - or more drum ma chines. ___ .. _ .. 1. 500 Mixers of 1-bag capacity, -drum machinas______ 1.250 Spokane, Wash.: Shovels, clamshells, loco motives, 3-drum hoists. 1.625 Concrete mixers, black top and grade rollers___ 1.500 Bulldozers and all other road m achinery. . . __ 1. 250 Excavating compressors __ 1. 250 Dinkeys . . . . Springfield, Mass.: Excavating shovels, cranes, 3-drum hoists.. ______ 1. 500 -or -drum hoists_______ 1.2.50 Road mixers.. ... ______ 1.250 Small mixers (roads) . ... .750 Toledo, Ohio: Building and excavating work: Derricks, shovels______ 181.500 Hoists, pumps, mixers (over bag)_________ 1. 375 -bag mixers_________ 1.125 Road work: Derricks, shovels_____ 1.500 Pumps (over 4 inches), mixers (over bag)___ 1. 375 Hoists, pumps (under 4 1.250 inches), bulldozers -bag mixers___ _____ Washington, D. C.: Building work: Shovels, cranes, derricks, pile drivers__________ Hoists, pavers, wheeltype scrapers________ 1.750 Pumps, compressors _ _ 1.600 Bulldozers___ ________ 1.150 Street and sewer work: Shovels, cranes, drag lines .. . . ... ... _ 1.438 -drum hoists, rollers, concrete mixers______ 1. 300 Bulldozers, tractors, compressors. _ _____ .900 2 1 40 2 .0 0 0 40 1 (8 June 1, 1939 K J © bC C3 Si ft OM © < 'C! G Kg lC3! oo * W 40 1. 500 40 40 ____ 40 1.500 40 40 . 400 40 40 40 1 1 .2 0 0 44 1. 250 44 40 1.500 40 1. 500 1 .0 0 0 44 44 40 40 40 1. 250 40 40 . 40 1 000 1 .1 0 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 40 40 40 .750 40 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 2 .0 0 0 30 30 40 1. 625 40 40 1.500 40 2 .0 0 0 1 40 1. 500 40 40 1. 375 40 June , 1938 CO © bJj c3 Si ft 44 * ^ GSiO©© to C D £03 ft sO* Ph M 1 0 40 $1,500 40 1.250 30 1. 850 30 1.750 30 1.650 30 1.625 40 40 30 30 30 30 30 1.500 30 30 1. 350 30 30 1. 250 30 40 1.250 40 40 40 1 .0 0 0 40 40 40 40 40 1. 625 1.500 1. 250 1. 375 1 .1 0 0 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.250 1. 250 .750 40 40 48 18 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.375 1.125 1.500 1.375 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1 .0 0 0 40 40 40 1.750 40 40 1.600 40 40 40 2 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 1.438 40 40 1.300 40 40 .900 40 U N IO N 63 SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T a b l e 1 1 . — Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, Jun e 1, 1939, and June 1, 1938— Continued ENGINEERS (Portable and hoisting)—Contioued June , 1939 w© S©-i be cl u ft M to M . ©© OT S03 ft O M 1 City York, Pa.: Machines handling steel or stone: Daily unit____________ $1,875 Weekly unit__________ 1. 625 Shovels: Daily unit........ ... 1. 750 Weekly unit_______ 1. 625 All other building and construction equip ment: Daily unit________ _ 1. 625 Weekly unit________ 1. 500 Tractors with bulldozers, earth rollers: Daily unit___ _ _____ 1. 375 Weekly unit__________ 1. 250 Youngstown, Ohio: Shovels, boom derricks, derrick cars, -drum hoists, pile drivers, road pavers, dredges, cranes.. _ 1.563 June , 1938 C©O © e3 ft C.OM ©© P C O O J £03f t O « M 1 40 $1,750 40 1. 500 40 1.625 40 1. 500 40 40 40 40 40 1. 625 40 40 1.500 40 40 1.375 40 40 1. 250 40 City June 1, 1939 June , 1938 ©bfl > ft© coM © co £C3f t o « M H w So3 ©ft © ft COM ©© so * M 1 8 Youngstown, Ohio—Con. 1-drum hoists (350 feet or more)________________ $1. 500 -drum hoists (less than 350 feet); pavers; con crete mixers (over 14 bags); bulldozers, trac tors with scrapers, grad ers (all over 30 horse power); trench ma chines (over feet); Le Tourneau and tractor combinations 1. 250 40 Concrete mixers (14 bags, hours daily minimum) _ 1.125 Bulldozers, tractors with scrapers, graders (all under 30 horsepower); all other machine^___ 20 40 1 8 20 20 40 2 1 ,0 0 0 20 40 2 20 4 Q GLAZIERS Atlanta, Ga____ ... $0. 900 Baltimore, Md____ 1.125 Birmingham, Ala ______ 1.075 Boston, Mass________ _ 1.375 Buffalo, N. Y_ _ 1.350 Butte, M ont... _ __ 1.375 Charleston, W. Va.. Chicago, 111_________ _ 1.943 Cincinnati, Ohio.- _ ____ 1. 550 Cleveland, Ohio: Wood sash._______ ______ 1.375 Steel sash ______ _____ 1. 500 Columbus, Ohio_________ Dallas, T e x . _______ _ Davenport, Iowa. (S e e Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio. .. _ . 1.375 Denver, Colo _ Des Moines, Iowa L__ _ . Detroit, Mich_____ _____ 1.150 Duluth, Minn________ _ .850 El Paso, Tex _____... Erie, Pa _ . . . __ Houston, Tex 1.125 Indianapolis, Ind_ ____ 1. 250 Jackson, Miss. . ... ._ . .900 Jacksonville, Fla _. .750 Kansas City, Mo _______ 1.500 Little Rock, A r k ._____ . .875 Los Angeles, Calif—. _. __ Louisville, Ky Madison, Wis . 1.050 Manchester, N. H ___... .900 Memphis, Tenn.1... . 800 Milwaukee, Wis_____... . Minneapolis, Minn . .... _ .1 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .2 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 .1 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .2 0 0 1 .0 0 0 See footnotes at end of table. 40 $0.800 40 1.125 40 1.075 40 1. 375 40 1.350 40 1.375 40 35 1.943 40 . 550 40 1. 375 40 1. 500 40 40 1 .0 0 0 1 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 35 40 40 44 44 44 40 40 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.375 .900 .850 1 .2 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1.125 1. 250 .800 .750 1.500 .875 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 .900 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 44 44 44 40 40 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land ( .) district.) Nashville, Tenn $0. 750 40 $ . 750 Newark, N. J 1. 313 40 1.313 New Haven, Conn 1. 250 40 1.250 New Orleans, La.. .875 40 .750 35 New York, N. Y . Norfolk, Va . 800 40 .800 Oklahoma City, Okla .900 40 .900 Omaha, Nebr. ________ 40 Peoria, 111 _ 1. 250 40 1. 250 Philadelphia, Pa . 1. 250 40 1. 250 Phoenix, Ariz _____ 40 Pittsburgh, Pa 1. 450 40 1.400 Portland, Oreg __ ______ 40 Providence, R. I __________ 40 Reading, Pa ________ ___ 40 Rochester, N. Y.: Structural and plate glass. 40 Steel sash____. . . . 40 . Rock Island (111.) district . .. 1.150 40 1.150 St. Louis, Mo. _ _ 1.625 40 1.500 St. Paul, Minn 40 w 40 Salt Lake City, Utah__ San Antonio, Tex. ... _ 40 San Francisco, Calif _____ 40 . Scranton, Pa. _________ 1.125 40 1.125 Seattle, Wash_______ _____ 30 South Bend, Ind_________ 40 Spokane, Wash_________ _ 35 Shop work __ ____ 40 Springfield, Mass____ 1. 250 40 1.250 Toledo, Ohio_____________ 1.125 40 1.125 Washington, D. C______ 1. 500 40 1.500 Worcester, Mass_______ __ 40 Youngstown, O h io .._____ 1.400 40 1.375 111 0 .2 1 1 1 .8 8 6 1 .8 8 6 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 .1 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .2 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 200 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .2 1 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 10 1 .0 0 0 1 210 1 .2 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .2 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 04 T able UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 11 .— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J un e 1, 1939, and J u n e 1 , 1938— Continued GRANITE CUTTERS City June 1, 1939 ©CbeO f-i© Sh ft June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 be 03 j-, ©ft wM © mM© C O S ca fe s * £03f t o 03 o Ph w Ph W Boston, Mass.: $1.065 1. 750 1.250 Buffalo, N. Y ___ 1. 250 Butte, Mont Outside 1. 313 Chicago, 111 1. 375 1.125 Cincinnati, Ohio 1.225 Machine Cleveland, Ohio 1.187 Snpplving own tools 1.750 Denver, Colo 1.250 Maohine 1. 375 Los Angeles, Calif _ 1.125 1.125 Manchester, N. H Newark, N. J 1. 357 New Haven, Conn..__ __ _ 1.063 In yards On buildings 8 40 $ 40 1. 750 40 1. 250 1.313 40 1.375 40 1.125 40 1. 225 40 1.125 40 1. 500 35 . 250 35 1.375 40 40 1.031 35 1.357 40 1 .0 0 0 1 .2 0 0 2240 2240 1 1 .0 0 0 City June 1, 1938 bo c3 u ©ft t o mM© *i*g^ coM© CO£ s ? COm -g ft o g ft S3 o be 03 ti ©ft 8 8 0 03 P3 New York, N. Y__________ $1.357 Outside. ____________ . 40 Machine. ... _____ 1.429 40 40 Philadelphia, Pa__________ 1.063 Outside. _____ _________ 1.250 Pittsburgh, P a .______ _ 1.625 40 Portland, Maine_________ 1.063 40 Portland, Oreg._ . . . _____ 1.125 40 Providence, R. I_ ________ 1.125 40 St. Louis, Mo _________ 1.125 Machine_____ _______ 1.188 40 35 San Francisco, Calif... . . . 1.125 35 Seattle, Wash.. __ ______ 40 Springfield, Mass_________ 1.063 40 Washington, D. C________ 1.250 35 Outside________________ 251.500 2 000 2240 2240 1 .0 0 0 M c3 P? H 35 $1.357 35 35 1.429 40 40 1.250 40 40 1.125 40 1.031 40 1.125 40 1.188 40 1.125 40 40 1.250 40 1.500 2340 2440 1040 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 10 40 40 $1.375 40 1.000 40 1. 375 30 1. 500 40 40 40 30 40 1.250 40 1.625 40 268.500 40 1. 500 40 1. 250 30 2.000 40 1. 750 30 1. 714 30 271.400 40 40 40 1. 250 40 1.200 40 1.500 40 1. 500 40 1. 200 40 1.125 40 1. 250 40 1. 750 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.375 1.250 1.375 1.250 1. 500 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 40 2 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 35 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 LATHERS Atlanta, Ga.: M etal.. _____________ $1. 250 Wood . ____ ______ 1. 000 Baltimore, Md__ __ ______ 1.375 Birmingham, A l a ..__ __ 1.250 Boston, Mass ______ _ .. 1.667 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1.500 Butte, Mont . . . _. ____ 1.625 Charleston, S. C.: Metal and rock ___ _ 1.125 Channel ____ ___ ___ _ 1. 250 Wood.. _____ ____ _ _ 264.500 Charleston, W. Va . . . ___ 1.250 Chicago, 111_________ 1.700 Cincinnati, Ohio. __ _ __ _ 1.400 Cleveland, Ohio_______ _ _ 1.625 Columbus, Ohio 1 ___ 1.400 Dallas, Tex__ ... _______ 1. 500 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio . . . 1. 500 Denver, Colo . . . 1. 500 Des Moines, Iowa_____ . . 1.430 Detroit, Mich.: Metal ________ .. ... . 1.550 Nail on. _ __ . . . ____... 1.375 Duluth, Minn____________ 1.350 El Paso, Tex. _____... 1.375 Erie, Pa. . _____ ___ 1.500 Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wire and metal ________ 1.250 Wood__________________ .750 Houston, Tex. _______ ... 1. 500 Indianapolis, Ind ___ _ 1.450 Jackson, Miss. _______ _ 1.000 Jacksonville, Fla.: Wood__________________ 265.000 Metal and w ir e _______ 1.250 Kansas City, Mo _______ 1.500 Los Angeles, Calif. _ 1.500 Louisville, Ky ____ 1.375 Madison, Wis _____ . 1.300 Manchester, N. H ________ 1.375 See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.250 30 1.667 40 1. 500 30 1.625 40 40 40 40 1.250 40 1.700 40 1. 400 40 1.625 40 1. 313 40 1. 500 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 48 44 44 40 30 40 40 40 1.500 1. 500 1.430 1.500 1. 375 1. 350 1. 500 1.250 .750 1.500 1.375 1.000 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 48 1.000 1.500 1.500 1.375 1.300 1.250 44 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Memphis, Tenn.: M etal.._ ______ ________ $1.375 Wood__________________ 1.000 Milwaukee, W is ___ 1.375 Minneapolis, Minn___ __ 1. 500 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn ____ __ 1.250 Newark, N. J____ ______ 1,625 Wood. _ 268.500 New Haven, Conn 1. 500 New Orleans, La 1. 500 New York, N. Y.: Wire______________ . . . 2.000 Metal __ __ . 1. 750 Wood and metal (Brook lyn) 2.167 W ood_____ 2U.400 Norfolk, Va.: Wire and metal. _ . ____ 1.375 W ood 1 _. _____ ____ 265.000 Oklahoma City, Okla 1. 500 Omaha, Nebr__ _____ 1.250 Peoria, 111.. ____________ 1. 500 Philadelphia, Pa __ 1. 563 Residential- _ 1.200 Phoenix, Ariz.: Wood . ___ 1.125 Wire and metal __ _ 1. 250 Pittsburgh, Pa.. _ ______ 1.750 Portland, Oreg.: Metal and first-class wood lathing.. 1. 375 Second-class wood lathing. 1.250 Providence, R. I. ________ 1.500 Reading, Pa____ ____ _ ... 1.375 Richmond, Va.1 1. 250 Rochester, N. Y 1. 500 Rock Island, (111.) district._ 1.500 St. Louis, Mo.: Union A: Wood 1.125 Wood________________ 266.500 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .875 40 40 265.000 40 65 UNION SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T a b l e 11.— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the bu ild in g trades in 7 2 cities , J u n e 1 , 1 9 2 9 , and J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 8 — Continued LATHERS—Continued June 1, 1939 City June 1, 1938 C O 8bJO © bfi © C3 Sh ft C3t-l ft wM © * § CtOM ©© s * IC3S o £co03 <ft£$ o Ph w Ph M St. Louis, Mo.—Continued. Union B: Wood____________ __ 269.000 Metal___________ _ _ 1.625 St. Paul, Minn_ __ _ __ __ 1.500 Salt Lake City, Utah: Wood, first-class _____ 1.250 Wood, second-class_____ 1.100 Metal, first-class __ __ 1.500 1.125 Metal, second-class— San Antonio, Tex _____ 1.500 San Francisco, Calif.: Metal and first-class wood_ 1.600 Second-class w ood____ 1.350 Scranton, P a _ _ _____ __ 1. 375 40 268.000 40 1.625 30 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1.100 40 1. 500 40 1.125 40 1. 500 30 1.600 30 1.350 40 1.375 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 30 30 40 City Seattle, Wash.: Metal__________ _____ Wood Wood, residential _____ South Bend, Ind_ _____ Spokane, Wash___________ Springfield, Mass.: Wire and metal ______ Wood ______ Toledo, Ohio Washington, D. C ______ Wichita, Kans__ __ ___ _ Youngstown, Ohio________ June 1, 1938 Sh 1| | ©ft M «3M © 09 & m & £03 ft so £ £03f t o P5 H P5 M June 1, 1939 CO © S’* ft $1,500 1. 500 1.350 1.500 1. 500 1.500 267.500 1. 625 1. 625 1. 250 1.500 30 $1,500 30 1.500 30 1.350 40 1. 500 30 1.500 40 1.500 40 267.500 35 1. 625 40 1.625 40 1.250 40 1.500 30 30 30 40 30 40 40 35 40 40 40 Minneapolis, Minn_______ $1. 250 Nashville, Tenn__________ 1. 250 Newark, N.J_. _________ 1. 650 New Orleans, La.1____ ___ 1.000 New York, N. Y __________ 1.750 Omaha, Nebr__________ 1.350 Peoria, 111 ___ _ ____ ___ 1.500 Philadelphia, P a _________ 1. 250 Pittsburgh, Pa_____ _ __ 1.500 Portland, Oreg____ ... ___ 1.375 St. Louis, Mo_____ __ _ 1.500 St. Paul, Minn__ _ __ ___ 1.250 San Antonio, Tex_ _ __ ___ 1.250 Large construction work__ 1. 500 Spokane, Wash__ _ _ __ 1. 250 Toledo, Ohio. _ . _____ 1.375 Washington, D. C____ _ __ 1.650 Wichita, Kans_ _ __ 1.250 Worcester, Mass______ __ .860 York, P a ____ _ ___ 1.150 40 40 $1. 250 40 1. 650 40 1.000 35 1. 750 40 40 1.375 40 1. 250 40 1.500 40 40 1.500 40 40 1.180 40 1.250 40 40 1.375 40 1. 650 40 40 .860 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1. 375 40 1.375 44 1.250 40 1.438 40 1.250 40 1. 250 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 1.375 40 1.375 40 1.325 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 MACHINISTS Atlanta, Ga.: Rate A__ _____ ____ _____ $1.000 Rate B_ _______ __ 1.000 Baltimore, Md________ _ 1.250 Boston, Mass_____________ 1. 375 Remodeling work._ ___ 1.250 Chicago, 111 _ __ ___ 1.625 Cleveland, O h io ._____ 1. 250 Des Moines, Iowa_________ 1.375 Detroit, Mich____ _ _ __ 1. 500 El Paso, Tex __ ____ ___ 1.250 Erie, Pa _ __ ______ _ 1.250 Houston, Tex ____________ 1. 250 Indianapolis, Ind____ _ __ 1.000 Jacksonville, Fla___ _ __ 1.000 Kansas City, M o_________ 1. 375 1. 250 Los Angeles, Calif Louisville, K y ___________ 1.250 Memphis, T enn_____ ____ 1.250 Milwaukee, Wis_____ _ _ 1.250 40 $1.000 44 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1.625 40 1. 250 40 1.375 40 1.500 40 40 40 1.500 40 1. 000 44 .750 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 MARBLE SETTERS Atlanta, Ga______________ $1. 250 Baltimore, M d____________ 1.250 Birmingham, Ala_________ 1.500 Boston, Mass_____________ 1. 500 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1.375 Butte, Mont______________ 1.625 Charleston, S. C__________ 1.250 Charlotte, N. C___________ 1.375 Chicago, 111_______________ 1.625 Cincinnati, Ohio__________ 1.625 Cleveland, Ohio___________ 1.500 Columbus, Ohio__________ 1.375 Dallas, Tex_______________ 1. 375 D a v e n p o r t , Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio_____________ 1.500 Denver, Colo_____________ 1.500 Des Moines, Iowa_________ 1.375 Detroit, Mich____________ 1.500 Duluth, Minn____________ 1.250 El Paso, Tex______________ 1. 500 Erie, Pa__________________ 1.375 Grand Rapids, Mich______ 1.250 See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1. 250 40 1.250 40 1. 500 40 1.500 40 1.375 30 1.625 44 1.250 44 1.250 40 1.625 40 1.625 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 1. 375 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.500 1.375 1.500 1.250 1.500 1.500 1.250 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 Houston, Tex _ _____ _ $1. 375 Indianapolis, Ind_______ 1.375 Jacksonville, F la _________ 1.250 Kansas City, Mo. ___ __ 1.438 Little Rock, Ark___ ___ _ __ 1.500 Los Angeles, Calif.__ 1.250 Louisville, K y__________ 1.500 Madison, W is_______ __ 1.375 Memphis, Tenn____ _ ___ 1.625 Milwaukee, Wis __ _ ___ _ 1.375 Minneapolis, Minn. __ _ _ 1.325 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn_______ ___ 1.375 Newark, N. J_____________ 1.688 New Haven, Conn____ _ 1.375 New Orleans, La_________ 1.500 New York, N. Y __________ 1.688 Carvers________________ 1.813 Norfolk, Va_ ___ ______ _ 1.375 Oklahoma City, Okla. _ __ 1.250 Omaha, Nebr_ _____ ___ _ 1.375 Peoria, 111________________ 1.500 1.375 1.688 1.375 1. 250 1.688 1.813 1.375 1.250 1.375 1.500 66 T able UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 11.— U nion scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 72 cities, J u n e U 1939, and J u n e 1, 1938— Continued MARBLE SETTERS—Continued Philadelphia, Pa . . . Phoenix, Ariz __ Pittsburgh, P a._ _. ___ Portland, Maine_____ _ Portland, Oreg _________ Providence, R. I __________ Richmond, Va______ ____ Rochester, N. Y.1__ .. ... Rock Island (111.) district. .. St. Louis, Mo _____ St. Paul, Minn . . . Salt Lake City, Utah______ $1.625 1.500 1.500 1.250 1.250 1.500 1. 375 1. 320 1.250 1. 375 1. 325 1.125 40 $1,600 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 40 1.320 40 1.250 40 1. 375 40 1.325 40 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H ours perl week | Rates of wages per hour H o u r s pe r week City June 1 1939 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour [ H o u r s per | week June 1, 1939 San Antonio, Tex $1,250 40 $1,250 San Francisco, Calif 1.313 40 1.313 Scranton, Pa_____ 1. 500 40 1. 500 Seattle, Wash____. . . 1. 500 30 1. 500 South Bend, Ind ____ 1. 500 40 1. 500 Spokane, Wash ______ 1. 500 35 1.500 Springfield, M a ss___ __ 1. 625 40 1.625 Toledo, Ohio. . ___ 1.500 40 1. 500 Washington, D. C____... 281. 750 40 1. 750 Worcester, Mass ____ 1. 500 40 1. 500 Youngstown, Ohio ____ _ 1.250 40 1. 250 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 MOSAIC AND TERRAZZO WORKERS Atlanta, Ga______________ $1. 250 Baltimore, M d___.. ... -- 1.375 Birmingham, Ala_________ 1. 250 Boston, Mass______ ____ 1.500 Buffalo, N. Y_____________ 1.250 Butte, Mont__________ . 1. 625 Charleston, S. C__________ 1. 250 1. 250 Charleston, W. Va __ Charlotte, N. C_____ _ _ 1. 250 Chicago, 111.. ----------------- 1. 625 Cincinnati, Ohio. ------------ 1. 250 Cleveland, Ohio___________ 1. 375 Columbus, Ohio__________ 1.000 1.500 Dallas, Tex__ _ _____ D avenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) 1.500 Dayton, Ohio__ _ Denver, Colo. __ ------------- 1. 430 1. 250 Des Moines, Iow a___ Detroit, Mich---- --------------- 1. 375 El Paso, Tex_____________ 1.500 Erie, Pa_____ ____ . . . ____ 1. 375 Grand Rapids, Mich___---- 1. 250 Houston, Tex__________ 1. 375 Indianapolis, Ind _ ____ . 1.375 Jacksonville, F la .____ __ 1. 250 Kansas City, M o ............. 1. 250 Los Angeles, Calif_____ _ 1. 250 Louisville, K y____________ 1. 250 Madison, Wis__________ _ 1.200 Memphis, Tenn__________ 1. 250 Milwaukee, Wis__________ 1.310 40 $1,250 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1.500 40 1.250 30 1.625 44 1.250 40 44 1.250 40 1.625 40 1.250 40 1. 375 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1. 430 1. 250 1.250 1.500 1. 250 1. 250 1. 375 1.250 1.000 1.250 1. 250 1. 250 1.200 1. 250 1.300 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn__________ $1,250 Newark, N. J_____________ 1.750 New Haven, Conn.. ______ 1. 375 New Orleans, La. ________ 1.500 New York, N. Y _________ 1. 750 Oklahoma City, Okla_____ 1.250 Peoria, 111________ ______ 1.250 Philadelphia, Pa_. _ __ .. . 1.500 Phoenix, A r iz .___________ 1. 250 Pittsburgh, Pa____ _____ 1.500 Portland, Maine_____ .. 1.250 Providence, R. I . ________ 1.500 Richmond, Va ... ... 1. 250 Rochester, N .Y . _____ 1.320 Rock Island (111.) district__ 1.125 St. Louis, Mo. _ _______ 1.300 St. Paul, Minn__________ 1.250 Salt Lake City, U tah ... _ 1.125 San Antonio, Tex._____ ... 1. 250 San Francisco, Calif_______ 1. 250 Scranton, Pa._ ________ 1. 425 Seattle, W ash... ._ __ ... 1. 350 South Bend, In d _________ 1.500 Spokane, Wash___ . . . ____ 1.500 Springfield, Mass_________ 1. 625 Toledo, Ohio_____________ 1.250 Washington, D. C________ 201.500 Worcester, Mass _ . . . ____ 1.500 Youngstown, Ohio________ 1.250 40 $1,250 35 1.750 40 1. 375 40 1.250 35 1. 750 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 40 1. 320 40 1.125 40 1.300 40 1. 250 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1. 250 40 1. 425 30 1. 350 40 1.500 35 1.500 40 1. 625 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 35 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 Cleveland, Ohio__________ $1,300 30 $1.300 Fresco painting_________ 1.350 1. 350 Structural-steel painting. _ 1.625 1. 575 Columbus, Ohio 1_________ 1.125 40 1.125 Structural-steel painting L 1. 250 40 1.250 Dallas, Tex______... ... _ 1.000 40 1.000 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio_____________ 1.250 40 1.250 Swing or scaffold painting. 1. 350 40 1. 350 Spray painting__________ 1. 650 30 1. 650 Denver, Colo_____________ 1. 250 35 1.250 Swing-stage painting. _ _ 1.430 35 Steeple jack_____________ 1.650 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 PAINTERS $0,900 Atlanta, Ga______ 1.125 Baltimore, Md___ Birmingham, Ala.1. 1.075 2. 000 Spray painting... 1.250 Boston, Mass____ 1.250 Buffalo, N. Y ____ Spray painting... 1.530 1.375 Butte, Mont_____ Charleston, S. C.1.. .850 Charleston, W. Va. 1. 000 Charlotte, N. C__ .750 Spray painting. 1.000 Chicago, 111______ 1.667 Cincinnati. Ohio... 1.350 See footnotes at end of table. 40 $0,800 40 1.125 40 1.075 40 2.000 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.530 40 1.375 40 .750 40 1.000 44 .750 44 1.000 30 1.667 40 1. 350 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 30 40 40 3040 3 04 0 40 40 30 35 67 U NIO N SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T able 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 cities, J u n e 1, 1 9 8 9 , and J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 8 — Continued P A IN T E R S-C ontinued June 1, 1939 Des Moines, Iowa_________ $1,200 Detroit, Mich____________ 1. 250 Duluth, Minn____________ 1.000 El Paso, Tex_____________ 1.000 Stage painting__________ 1.125 Spray painting__________ 1.250 Erie, Pa__________________ 1.050 Swing or structural-iron painting______________ 1.150 Grand Rapids, Mich______ 1.000 Houston, Tex_____________ 1.125 Stage painting__________ 1.250 Spray painting__________ 1.375 Indianapolis, Ind_________ 1. 250 Jackson, Miss_____________ .900 Jacksonville, Fla.1_________ .750 Structural-iron paintingU_ 1.000 Spray painting 1_________ 1.250 Kansas City, Mo_________ 1.375 Little Rock, Ark__________ .875 Swing stage_____________ 1.000 Spray painting__________ 1. 250 Los Angeles, Calif_________ 1.100 Louisville, K y____________ 1.000 Madison, Wis____________ 1. 050 Manchester, N. H _________ .900 Memphis, Tenn__________ 1.000 Spray painting__________ 1.250 Milwaukee, Wis__________ 1.125 Swing-stage.____________ 1. 225 Spray painting__________ 1.250 Structural-iron or bridge painting______________ 1. 375 Residential____ _________ 1.000 Minneapolis, Minn_______ 1.250 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn__________ 1.000 Spray painting__________ 1.500 Newark, N. J_____________ 1.250 New Haven, Conn________ 1.063 New Orleans, La__________ 1.000 Fresco painting_________ 1. 250 Residential_____________ . 750 Union B ________________ . 750 New York, N. Y.: Manhattan, Bronx, Rich mond________________ 1.500 40 $1,200 40 1. 250 40 1.000 44 1.000 44 1.125 44 1.250 40 1.050 40 1.150 40 .900 40 1.125 40 1. 250 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 .800 40 .750 40 40 1.250 40 1.375 44 .875 44 44 1.250 35 1.100 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 .900 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.225 40 1.250 40 1. 375 40 1.000 35 1.250 40 40 40 44 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.500 1.125 1.063 .750 1.250 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s pe r week City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour 1 H o u r s pe r 1 week Rates of wages j per hour j H o u r s pe r week June 1, 1939 New York, N. Y.—Con. Brooklyn____ _ _ $1,600 31 35 $1,600 31 35 Fresco painting_______ 1. 714 31 35 1. 714 31 35 Norfolk, V a _____________ .800 40 .800 40 Oklahoma City, Okla.1__ _ 1.000 40 1.000 40 Omaha, Nebr.L__ _____ .950 40 .900 40 1.200 40 1.125 40 Peoria, 111_____ ______ 1.500 40 1.410 40 Swing-stage. _____ _ Philadelphia, Pa__________ 1.175 40 1.125 40 Phoenix, Ariz_____________ 1.000 40 1.000 40 Spray painting__________ 1.250 40 1. 250 40 Pittsburgh, Pa___________ 1.500 40 1. 375 40 Portland, Maine _______ .700 44 Portland, Oreg____________ 1.100 32 40 1.100 35 Providence, R. I__ _____ _ 1.000 40 1.000 40 Reading, Pa______________ 1.000 40 1.000 40 Structural-steel or spray painting______________ 1.500 40 1.500 40 Richmond, Va_____ _ ___ .800 40 .800 40 Rochester, N. Y __________ 1.200 40 1.200 40 Rock Island (111.) district__ 1.150 40 1.150 40 St. Louis, Mo. ___ ___ 1.500 40 1.500 40 St. Paul, Minn____ _ _ _ 1.200 35 1.200 35 Fresco painting _____ __ 1.500 35 1.500 35 Salt Lake City, Utah. ____ 1.000 40 1.000 40 Swing-stage_____________ 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 Spray painting __ 1.500 40 San Antonio, Tex. _ ______ 1.000 40 1.000 40 San Francisco, C alif___ _ 1.250 35 1. 214 35 Scranton, P a __________ 1.125 40 1.125 40 Seattle, Wash___________ 1.250 30 1.250 30 South Bend, Ind___ ___ __ 1.000 40 1.000 40 Spray painting _________ 1.125 40 1.125 40 Spokane, Wash__________ 1.250 35 1.250 35 Spray painting __ _ _ _ 1.600 35 1.600 35 Springfield, Mass_____ ___ 1.125 40 1.125 40 Fresco painting_____ _ 1. 375 40 1. 375 40 Toledo, Ohio____ ______ 1.300 35 1.300 35 Spray painting. _______ 1.400 35 1.400 35 Washington, D. C______ 1.571 35 1. 571 35 Wichita, Kans__ __ _ _ _ .750 44 .750 44 Worcester, Mass____ _ __ 1.000 40 1.000 40 York, Pa_________________ .700 40 .650 40 Youngstown, Ohio. __ 1. 250 40 1.200 40 35 1.500 35 PAPERHANGERS Atlanta, Ga______________ $a«oo Baltimore, Md___________ 1.125 Birmingham, Ala.1________ 1.075 Buffalo, N. Y ____________ 1.250 Butte, Mont_____________ 1.375 Charleston, W. Va________ 1.250 Charlotte, N. C__________ 1.000 Chicago, 111______________ 1.667 Cincinnati, Ohio__________ 1.375 Cleveland, Ohio__________ 1.300 Columbus, Ohio__________ 1.125 Dallas, Tex______________ 1.000 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) See footnotes at end of table. 40 $0,800 40 1.125 40 1. 075 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 1.000 44 1.000 30 1.667 40 1.300 40 1.125 40 1.000 3340 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 30 40 40 40 Dayton, Ohio_____ $1,250 Denver, Colo_____ _ _ __ 1.250 Des Moines, Iowa___ _____ 1.200 Detroit, Mich____________ 1.250 Duluth, Minn_________ 1.000 El Paso, Tex_____________ 1.000 Erie, Pa_____ ______ __ _ 1.050 Grand Rapids, Mich___ _ 1.000 Houston, Tex ___ 1.125 Indianapolis, Ind.: Union A ________ _ 1.250 Union B ________ _ _ _ 1.250 Jackson, Miss_____ _______ .900 Jacksonville, Fla.1__ ______ .750 Kansas City, Mo________ 1.375 40 $1,250 35 1.250 40 1.200 40 1.250 40 1.000 44 1.000 40 1.050 40 .900 40 1.125 44 1.250 40 1. 250 40 .800 40 .750 40 1.375 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 68 T a b l e U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 11.— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades i n 7 2 c itie s , J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 , and J u n e 1, 1 9 3 8 — Continued PAPERHANGERS—Continued City- Little Rock, Ark__________ Los Angeles, Calif_________ Madison, Wis____________ Manchester, N. H ________ Memphis, Tenn__________ Minneapolis, Minn_______ Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Newark, N. J_____________ New Orleans, La.: Union A _______________ Union B _______________ Oklahoma City, Okla.1____ Peoria, 111________________ Philadelphia, Pa.1_________ Phoenix, Ariz_____________ Pittsburgh, Pa____________ Portland, Maine__________ Portland, Oreg____________ Providence, R. I __________ $0.875 1.225 1.050 .900 1.000 1.250 44 $0.875 35 1. 225 40 1.000 40 .900 40 1.000 35 1. 250 44 40 40 40 40 35 1.375 1.000 .750 1.000 1. 200 1.125 1.000 1. 500 .700 1.100 1.000 40 40 40 40 .40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 3240 1.250 .750 1.000 1.125 1.125 1.000 1.375 1.100 1.000 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week June 1, 1939 Reading, Pa____ ______ $1.100 Richmond, Va____________ .800 Rochester, N. Y ________ _ 1. 200 Rock Island (111.) district___ 1.150 1. 500 St. Louis, Mo______ _ St. Paul, Minn___________ 1. 200 Salt Lake City, Utah_____ 1.000 San Antonio, Tex_________ 1.000 San Francisco, Calif___ _ 1. 250 Scranton, Pa____ ___ 1.125 Seattle, W ash___________ 1. 250 South Bend, Ind_ _ __ 1.000 Spokane, Wash_______ _ 1. 250 Springfield, Mass______ 1.125 Toledo, Ohio____ _____ 1.300 Washington, D. C_______ 1.000 Worcester, Mass________ .950 York, Pa_______________ .700 Youngstown, Ohio________ 1. 250 40 $1.100 40 .800 40 1. 200 40 1.150 40 1. 500 35 1. 200 40 1.000 40 1.000 35 1. 214 40 1.125 30 1.250 40 1.000 35 1. 250 40 1.125 35 1. 300 40 1.000 40 .950 40 .700 40 1.200 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 35 40 30 40 35 40 35 40 40 40 40 Nashville, Tenn__________ $1,375 40 $1.375 Newark, N. J_________ 1.813 40 1.813 New Haven, Conn____ ... 1.375 40 1.375 New Orleans, La_______ _ 1. 375 40 1.250 New York, N. Y.: Union A________ _ _ 2.000 30 2.000 Union B ______ _ _____ 1.900 35 1.886 Norfolk, Va______________ 1. 375 40 1.250 Oklahoma City, Okla ___ _ 1.500 40 1.500 Omaha, Nebr___________ 1. 375 40 1. 250 Peoria, 111_______ _ _ _ . 1.625 40 1.625 Philadelphia, Pa.1_________ 1.650 32 1.563 Residential___ ______ 1. 250 40 1. 250 Phoenix, Ariz____ ___ __ _ 1.500 35 1.500 Pittsburgh, Pa_____ 1. 750 40 1. 750 Portland, M aine.. ____ 1.125 40 1.125 Portland, Oreg.. ________ _ 1.500 40 1.500 Providence, R. I. ____ 1.500 40 1.500 Reading, Pa______________ 1. 250 40 1. 250 Richmond, Va_________ _ 1.250 44 1.250 Rochester, N. Y __________ 1. 500 40 1.375 Rock Island (111.) district___ 1.500 40 1.500 St. Louis, Mo.: Rate A____________ ._ 1.750 40 1.750 Rate B ____ . . . ____ 1. 250 40 St. Paul, Minn __ _ _ 1. 500 3435 1. 500 Salt Lake City, Utah_____ 1.500 35 1.500 San Antonio, Tex_____ _ _ 1. 500 40 1. 500 San Francisco, Calif_______ 1.667 30 1.667 Scranton, P a _ _ _____... 1. 500 40 1. 500 Seattle, Wash. ___________ 1. 600 30 1. 600 South Bend, In d _____ ... 1. 500 40 1. 500 Spokane, Wash___________ 1. 675 30 1. 675 Springfield, Mass________ 1. 625 40 1. 625 Toledo, Ohio... _________ 1. 650 35 1. 625 Washington, D. C________ 2.000 30 2. 000 Wichita, Kans____________ 1. 375 40 1.250 Worcester, M ass.. ______ 1. 500 40 1.500 York, P a ...... _ ________ 1.250 40 1. 250 Youngstown, Ohio................ 1. 500 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 30 35 40 40 40 40 32 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 35 35 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 35 30 44 40 40 40 PLASTERERS Atlanta, Ga $1,250 Baltimore, Md____________ 1. 250 Birmingham, Ala.: 1.500 Union A ______ Union B__ ___________ 1. 500 1.667 Boston, M ass.. _______ Buffalo, N. Y_____________ 1.500 Butte, Mont____ ______ 2.000 Charleston, S. C_____ 1.000 Charleston, W. Va __ 1.375 Charlotte, N. C 1.000 Chicago, 111 ______ 1.700 1. 625 Cincinnati, Ohio. Cleveland, Ohio. 1. 625 1. 450 Columbus, Ohio Dallas, Tex_______ _______ 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio ______ ... 1.500 Denver, Colo_____________ 1.500 Des Moines, Iowa _____ 1.375 Detroit, Mich____________ 1.550 Residential________ _ 1.375 Duluth, Minn________ __ 1. 350 El Paso, Tex. _ _________ 1. 500 Erie, Pa_____ ________ 1.500 Grand Rapids, Mich ... __ 1. 500 Houston, Tex. _ 1.500 1. 575 Indianapolis, Ind Jackson, M is s ... 1. 250 1. 250 Jacksonville, Fla Kansas City, Mo 1. 575 Little Rock, Ark__________ 1. 250 Los Angeles, C alif __ 1. 500 Louisville, K y___ 1.375 Madison, Wis 1.375 Manchester, N. H ________ 1.500 Memphis, Tenn. . . . _ 1.563 Milwaukee, Wis_____- _ 1.375 Minneapolis, Minn________ 1.500 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) ________________________ _ __ _ _ __ __ _ ________ _______________ ________ _____ __ ._ _____ ________ __ ___ . . . _______________ ________________ _______________ _________________ ________________ _______ ________ ___________ . ______ See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.500 40 1. 250 30 1.667 40 1. 500 30 2.000 44 1.000 40 1.375 44 40 1.700 40 1.625 40 1. 625 40 1.375 40 1. 500 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 30 1.500 1.500 1.375 1. 550 1. 250 1350 1.500 1. 500 1. 250 1.500 1. 575 1. 250 1.000 1. 575 1. 250 1.500 1. 375 1. 250 1.500 1.563 1. 375 1.500 . 69 U NIO N SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T able 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f w ages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 c ities, J u n e l y 1 9 3 9 , and J u n e 1, 1 9 3 8 — Continued PLUMBERS AND GAS FITTERS City June 1, 1939 co <b£3 ©t-< ft n M 3E *l C3 o P3 m Atlanta, Ga $1. 250 Baltimore, Md_.................. 1. 250 1.500 Birmingham, Ala Boston, Mass_____________ 1. 500 1. 375 Buffalo', N.Y.1. . ............. Butte, Mont_...................... . 2.000 Gas fitters 1. 438 Charleston, S. C.1................ 1.000 Charleston^ W. Va 1. 250 Charlotte, N. C___________ 1. 250 Chicago, 111__________ ___ 1. 700 Cincinnati, O hio_________ 1. 500 Cleveland, Ohio___ _______ 1. 500 Columbus, Ohio________ 1. 375 Dallas, T e x __________ __ 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio_________ 1.400 Denver, Colo _______ 1.430 Des Moines, Iowa. __ 1. 375 Detroit, Mich_________ _ 1. 500 Duluth, Minn_________ 1. 250 El Paso, Tex_____________ 1. 500 Erie, Pa______________ _ . 1. 250 Grand Rapids, Mich____ 1. 250 Houston, Tex___________ 1. 500 Indianapolis, Ind_________ 1. 500 Jackson, Miss___________ 1. 250 Jacksonville, Fla ........... . 1. 250 Kansas City, Mo_________ 1. 500 Little Rock, Ark__________ 1. 000 Los Angeles, Calif_________ 1. 250 Louisville, Ky_............... ....... 1. 375 Madison, Wis___________ 1. 375 Manchester, N. H ____ 1. 250 Memphis, Tenn ____ _ 1. 375 Milwaukee, Wis____ _ 1. 350 Minneapolis, Minn, ___ __ 1. 375 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn.1_________ 1.250 June 1, 1938 8be S<3-l <3>-i ft *§ M CO& E f £o3 ft o tf M 40 $1.250 40 1. 250 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1. 375 30 2. 000 40 1. 438 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1. 250 40 1. 700 40 1. 500 40 1. 500 40 1. 375 40 1. 500 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 1. 400 40 1. 430 35 1. 375 40 1. 500 14 1. 250 40 1. 500 40 1. 250 40 1. 000 44 1. 500 40 1. 500 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 500 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 40 1. 300 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 40 1. 350 40 1. 375 40 32 40 1.250 40 City June 1, 1939 co© © bp ft n M Ef SC03OoCD, 3o * H Newark, N. J____________ $1. 500 New Haven, Cnnn.l 1.125 New Orleans, L a . _____ 1. 375 New York, N. Y __________ 2.000 Alteration work 1 1.250 Residential: Staten Island _ __ _ 1. 750 Brooklyn and Queens. __ 1.250 Norfolk, Va______________ 1.100 Oklahoma City, Okla__ _ _ 1. 250 Omaha, Nebr______ _ _ _ 1.250 1. 375 Peoria, 111. _____ Philadelphia, Pa_____ _ _ 1.440 Residential — ________ 1.150 Phoenix, Ariz___________ 1.250 Pittsburgh, P a ___________ 1.700 Portland, M aine_________ 1. 250 Portland, Oreg__________ _ 1. 500 Providence, R. I ________ 1. 350 Reading, Pa . _________ 1.200 Richmond, V a ___________ 1.000 Rochester, N. Y__ _ ___ 1. 375 Rock Island (111.) district. __ 1. 375 St. Louis, Mo____ _ _ __ _ 1. 625 St. Paul, Minn____ _____ 1. 250 Salt Lake City, Utah___ _ 1.200 San Antonio, Tex____ __ 1. 500 San Francisco, C alif____ 1. 400 Gas fitters ___________ 1.000 Scranton, Pa_____________ 1. 200 Seattle, Wash....................... 1.500 South Bend, Ind__________ 1. 250 Spokane, W ash _________ 1.400 Springfield, Mass. ________ 1. 375 Toledo, Ohio ______ ___ 1.500 Washington, D. C_______ 1. 500 Wichita, Kans___ _____ 1.000 Worcester, M ass.. _______ 1.200 York, Pa_________________ .900 Youngstown, Ohio ______ 1.500 June 1, 1938 <3 H raftM<3 8) W sc3 i 3o * M 40 $1. 500 40 1.125 40 1. 250 30 2.000 40 1.125 35 1.750 40 1.250 40 1.100 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 35 1.440 40 1.150 44 1. 250 40 1.700 40 1.250 30 1. 500 40 1. 350 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 1. 375 40 1. 375 40 1. 625 40 1. 250 40 1.200 40 1.500 40 1. 375 40 40 1.200 30 1. 500 40 1.250 35 1.400 40 1. 375 40 1.500 40 1. 500 40 40 1.200 40 .850 40 1.500 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 44 40 40 30 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1.125 40 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.300 40 1.000 40 40 1.325 40 .650 40 1. 250 40 1.320 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1. 500 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 RODMEN Atlanta, Ga______________ $1.125 Baltimore, M d____________ 1. 375 Birmingham, Ala_________ 1.150 Boston, Mass_____________ 1.500 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1.500 Butte, Mont______________ 1. 500 Charleston, S. C__________ 1.125 Charleston, W. Va__......... 1.250 Chicago, 111____________ 1. 700 Cincinnati, Ohio__________ 1.375 Cleveland, Ohio___________ 1.625 Columbus, Ohio__________ 1.125 Dallas, Tex_______________ 1.000 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio_____________ 1.350 Denver, Colo_____________ 1.430 Detroit, Mich_____________ 1. 250 Duluth, Minn____________ 1.250 El Paso, Tex______________ 1.125 See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1.125 40 1. 250 40 1.150 40 1. 500 40 1. 500 40 1.500 40 40 1. 250 40 1.700 40 1.375 40 1.625 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 44 40 35 40 40 44 1.350 1.430 1.250 1.250 1.125 Erie, Pa_________________ Grand Rapids, Mich______ Houston, Tex____________ Indianapolis, Ind_________ Jackson, Miss____________ Jacksonville, Fla__________ Kansas City, Mo_________ Little Rock, Ark__________ Los Angeles, Calif_________ Louisville, K y....................... Madison, Wis____________ Manchester, N. H.1_______ Memphis, Tenn__________ Milwaukee, Wis__________ Minneapolis, Minn_______ Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn__________ Newark, N. J____________ New Haven, Conn________ $1.250 1.250 1.125 1.550 1.000 1.000 1. 375 1.000 1.250 1.320 1. 250 1. 375 1.125 1.250 1.500 1.125 40 1.000 40 2.000 40 2.000 40 1.650 40 1.650 40 70 T a b l e U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 cities, J u n e 1 , 1 9 8 9 , and J u n e 1 , 1 9 8 8 — C ontinued RODM EN—C ontinued New Orleans, La__________ $1.125 New York, N. Y --------------- 1.750 Norfolk, V a---------------------- 1.000 Oklahoma City, Okla--------- 1.250 Omaha, Nebr_____________ 1.125 Peoria, 111__________________ 1.500 Philadelphia, Pa.1-------------- 1.250 Phoenix, Ariz-------------------- 1.250 Pittsburgh, Pa------------------ 1.500 Portland, Maine---------------- 1.000 Portland, Oreg------------------ 1.125 1.500 Providence, R. I ---------------- 1.250 Reading, Pa---------------------- 1.250 Richmond, Va------------------ 1.440 Rochester, N. Y.1-------------- 1.300 Rock Island (111.) district-.. 40 $1,000 40 1.750 40 1.000 44 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.500 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.500 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 1.300 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour | H o u r s per week City June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week June 1, 1939 St. Louis, Mo_____________ $1,750 40 $1.750 40 St. Paul, Minn_________ 1.500 40 1.500 40 Salt Lake City, Utah______ 1.125 40 1.125 40 San Antonio, Tex.1________ 1.000 40 1.000 40 San Francisco, Calif_______ 1.313 40 1.250 40 Scranton, Pa_______ ______ 1. 375 40 1.375 40 Seattle, Wash_____________ 1. 250 30 1. 250 30 South Bend, Ind._______ 1.500 40 1.500 40 Spokane, Wash___________ 1.300 35 1. 300 35 Springfield, Mass_________ 1. 375 40 1.375 40 Toledo, Ohio____________ _ 1.250 40 1.250 40 Washington, D. C________ 1.500 40 1.500 40 Wichita, Kans ___________ 1. 250 40 Worcester, Mass________ _ 1.500 40 1.500 40 Youngstown, Ohio................. 1.500 40 1.500 40 ROOFERS, COMPOSITION Atlanta, Ga---------------------Md-----------------Birmingham, Ala-------------Boston, Mass-------------------Buffalo, N. Y ------------------Butte, Mont--------------------Charleston, S. C--------------C h a r le s t o n , W. Va-----------Chicago, 111---------------------Foremen---- -----------------Cincinnati, Ohio-------------Cleveland, Ohio---------------Foremen_______________ Columbus, Ohio---------------Foremen_______________ Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio------------------Foremen_______________ Denver, Colo-------------------Des Moines, Iowa_________ Detroit, Mich.: New work--------------------Old work_______________ Duluth, Minn-----------------Foremen_______________ El Paso, Tex_____________ Grand Rapids, Mich.1------Houston, Tex____________ Indianapolis, Ind.1------------Foremen 1______________ Jackson, Miss____________ Jacksonville, Fla__________ Kansas City, Mo_________ Foremen_______________ Los Angeles, Calif_________ Louisville, K y____________ Madison, Wis____________ Milwaukee, Wis__________ Minneapolis, Minn_______ Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (HU district.) B a lt i m o r e , $1,000 1.150 1. 125 1. 375 1.100 1.200 1.000 .875 1. 750 2. 000 1.250 1.425 1.550 1. 000 1.100 40 $1,000 40 1.150 40 1.125 40 1.375 40 1.100 48 1.200 40 1.000 44 40 1.750 40 2.000 40 1.250 40 1.425 40 1.550 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 40 40 40 40 48 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 1.300 1. 350 .750 1.250 1.000 .800 1.000 1.000 .700 1.000 .950 1.050 .875 .750 1.250 1.375 .875 .600 .900 1.000 1.200 40 40 35 40 40 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 1.300 1.350 .750 1.250 1.000 .800 1.000 40 40 35 40 40 44 40 40 1.666 .900 1.000 .875 1.250 1.375 .875 .600 .900 1.000 1.200 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 See footnotes at end of table. Nashville, Tenn___________ $0. 750 40 $0,750 40 Newark, N. J_____________ 1.513 40 1.513 40 Foremen_______________ 1.650 40 1.650 40 New Orleans, La__________ 1.000 40 New York, N. Y__________ 1. 600 35 1.600 35 Oklahoma City, Okla_____ .750 48 .750 48 Foremen_______________ .850 48 .850 48 Omaha, Nebr_____________ .900 44 .850 44 Peoria, 111________________ 1.250 40 1. 250 40 Foremen_______________ 1.375 40 1. 375 40 Philadelphia, Pa__________ 1.050 40 1.050 40 Foremen_______________ 1.200 40 1.200 40 Phoenix, Ariz.1____________ 1.000 44 1.000 40 Pittsburgh, Pa____________ 1.500 40 1.375 40 Foremen_______________ 1.625 40 1.500 40 Portland, Oreg____________ 1.125 40 1.125 40 Providence, R. I __________ 1.150 40 1.150 40 Reading, Pa______________ 1.050 40 Rochester, N. Y __________ 1.100 40 1.100 40 Rock Island (111.) district.__ 1.250 40 1.250 40 Foremen_______________ 1.375 40 1.375 40 St. Louis, Mo_____________ 1. 375 40 1. 375 40 Foremen_______________ 1.500 40 1. 500 40 St. Paul, Minn___________ 1.200 40 1. 200 40 Salt Lake City, Utah______ .800 48 Foremen_______________ .900 48 San Francisco, Calif_______ 1.210 40 1. 210 40 Foremen_______________ 1.335 40 1. 335 40 Scranton, Pa_____________ 1.125 40 1.125 40 Seattle, Wash_____________ 1. 250 30 1. 250 30 South Bend, Ind__________ 1.250 40 1.150 40 Foremen________ ____ 1. 350 40 1. 250 40 Spokane, Wash___________ 1.000 40 Foremen_______________ 1. 250 40 Springfield, Mass_________ 1. 375 40 1. 375 40 Toledo, Ohio_____________ 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 Washington, D. C________ 1.000 40 1.000 40 Foremen_______________ 1.300 40 1. 300 40 Wichita, Kans____________ .875 36t9tj .875 36xrr Foremen_______________ 1.000 36x5 1.000 Youngstown, Ohio________ 1.200 40 1.100 40 Foremen_______________ 1.350 40 1. 350 40 71 U NIO N SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T a b l e 11.— U n i o n s c a le s o f w a g e s a n d h o u r s i n th e b u il d i n g tra d e s J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 , a n d J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 8 — Continued 7 2 c itie s, in ROOFERS, SLATE AND TILE City cS ca u *s J-4 IB cS , tf June 1, 1938 w <D So 03 ft ft t/)M ® Kg 3o * <X>oft m P?C3 Atlanta, Ga ______________ $1,000 Baltimore, M d___________ 1.375 Concrete pre-cast slate 1.625 roofers _ ______ Birmingham, Ala.1________ 1.125 Boston, Mass.1- __________ 1.375 Prpi-r»ast tile roofers 1.625 Buffalo, N. Y ....................... 1. 250 Charleston, S. C________ _ 1.000 Chicago, 111_____________ - 1. 750 Cincinnati, Ohio________ _ 1.400 Cleveland, O hio.,............. 1. 625 Columbus, O h io__ 1.000 D avenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (HI.) district.) Dayton, Ohio_____________ 1. 375 Denver, Colo_____________ 1.350 Des Moines, Iowa_________ 1.150 Detroit, M ich ____________ 1. 500 El Paso, T e x ____________ 1.250 Grand Rapids, Mich.1_____ .900 Houston, Tex_ _ _ _ _____ 1.500 Indianapolis, Ind.1 ____- 1.050 Jackson, M iss____________ 1.000 Jacksonville, Fla _ ________ .750 Kansas City, M o_________ 1.250 Los Angeles, Calif_________ .875 Louisville, K y___________ 1.000 Memphis, Tenn__________ 1.125 Milwaukee, Wis__ ______ 1.350 Minneapolis, Minn________ 1.200 40 $1,000 40 1.250 40 40 1.125 40 1.375 40 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.750 40 1.400 40 1.625 40 1.000 40 35 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 1.375 1. 350 1.150 1.500 1. 500 1.000 1. 250 .875 1.000 1.350 1.200 M June 1, 1939 City "3 f? o M June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour | H o u r s pe r 1 week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week June 1, 1939 40 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is 40 land (111.) district.) Newark, N. J________ ____ $1. 650 New Orleans, La __ _ ____ 1.000 40 New York, N. Y __________ 1.860 40 Speculative___ ____ _____ 1. 600 .750 40 Oklahoma City, Okla... 40 Omaha, Nebr___________ 1.050 40 Peoria, 111_________ ___ ___ 1. 250 40 Philadelphia, Pa__________ 1.375 40 Pre-cast t ile ______ _____ 1. 500 40 Phoenix, Ariz.1______ . ___ 1.000 40 Pittsburgh, Pa__________ _ 1.500 Portland, Oreg_____ ____ _ 1.125 Providence, R. I _ ________ 1.150 40 Reading, Pa _ ________ 1.200 35 Rochester, N. Y __________ 1.100 40 Rock Island (111.) district- 1.250 40 St. Louis, M o- _________ 1. 750 St. Paul, Minn___________ 1. 200 Salt Lake City, Utah______ .900 40 San Francisco, Calif___ ___ 1.210 Scranton, Pa_____________ 1.125 44 Seattle, Wash_______ _ ___ 1.250 South Bend, Ind__________ 1.250 40 Spokane, Wash_________ _ 1.000 40 Springfield, Mass__. ______ 1. 375 40 Toledo, Ohio_____________ 1.250 Residential___________ _ 1.100 40 Washington, D. C________ 3U.750 40 Youngstown, Ohio_______ 1. 350 40 $1.650 40 35 1.860 35 48 .750 44 1. 050 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 40 44 1.666 40 1.500 40 1.125 40 1.150 40 40 1.100 40 1.250 40 1.750 40 1.200 48 40 1.210 40 1.125 30 1.250 40 1.150 40 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1.100 40 1.500 40 1. 350 40 35 48 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1.100 40 1.125 40 1.200 40 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 SHEET-METAL WORKERS Atlanta, Ga _ ____________ $1.000 Baltimore, M d _________ - 1.375 1.125 Birmingham, Ala.1_____ Boston, Mass.1____ _ - 1.375 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1.300 Butte, M o n t_____ _____ - 1.500 1.000 Charleston, S. C Charleston, W. Va__ ____ 1.125 1.700 Chicago, 111 __ 1.375 Cincinnati, Ohio 1.375 Cleveland, Ohio Columbus, Ohio____ ____ 1.150 Dallas, Tex ______ _ __ - 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) 1.375 Dayton, Ohio _ _ Denver, Colo _ __ ___ 1.430 Des Moines, Iowa_________ 1.375 Detroit, Mich _________ 1.250 1.100 Duluth, Minn 1.250 El Paso, Tex Grand Rapids, Mich _____ .900 Houston, Tex _ __ 1. 500 Indianapolis, Ind................. . 1. 340 Jackson, Miss.1 1.000 Jacksonville, Fla.1_________ .900 Kansas City, Mo 1. 500 Los Angeles, Calif. _____ 1.125 Louisville, K y___ ______ 1.000 See footnotes at end of table. 218646°— 40------6 40 $1,000 40 1.375 40 1.125 40 1.375 40 1.300 40 1.500 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.700 40 1. 375 40 1.375 40 1.150 40 1.375 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 375 1.430 1.375 1.250 1.100 1. 250 .800 1. 500 1. 325 1.000 1. 500 1.125 1.000 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 Madison, Wis ______ _ $1,200 Memphis, Tenn _ 1.125 Milwaukee, Wis____ 1.200 Minneapolis, Minn_______ 1.250 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn _ _ 1.000 Newark, N. J.: 1.650 Union A ______ _ Union B ___ _ _ __ 1. 300 New Haven, Conn _ __ 1.250 1.000 New Orleans, La___ New York, N. Y __________ 1.850 Oklahoma City, Okla_____ 1. 250 Omaha, Nebr_____________ 1.000 1.375 Peoria, 111. _ _ __ . Philadelphia, Pa_________ 1.375 1.250 Residential___ _ Pittsburgh, P a _ ____ ___ 1.500 Portland, Oreg_________ - 1.200 Providence, R. I _________ 1.150 Reading, Pa___ ___ _______ 1.250 Rochester, N. Y __________ 1.300 Rock Island (111.) district. __ 1.175 St. Louis, Mo ________ 1. 500 St. Paul, M inn... _________ 1.250 Salt Lake City, Utah____ 1.100 San Antonio, Tex________ 1. 250 San Francisco, Calif.......... 1.250 1.000 1.650 1. 300 1. 250 .900 1.750 1.250 1.000 1.375 1.375 1.250 1.500 1.200 1.150 1.200 1.175 1.500 1.250 1.100 1.250 1.250 72 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES T a b l e 11.— U n i o n 7 2 cities, s c a le s o f w a g e s a n d h o u r s in the b u il d i n g tra d e s i n J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 , a n d J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 8 — Continued SHEET-METAL WORKERS—Continued June 1, 1939 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour | H o u r s per week City June 1, 1938 1 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per| week June 1, 1939 Scranton, Pa__________ ___ Seattle, Wash_____________ South Bend. Ind______ _ Spokane, Wash_________ Springfield, Mass________ $1.125 1.375 1.250 1.250 1.375 40 $1.125 30 1.375 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1. 375 40 30 40 35 40 Toledo, Ohio______ _____ _ $1.250 Washington, D. C________ 1.500 Wichita, K ans_______ _ 1.050 York, Pa.. . ________ 1.000 Youngstown, Ohio________ 1.375 40 $1.250 40 1.500 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.375 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1.125 40 1.250 40 1. 250 35 1. 729 35 2.310 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.450 40 1. 650 40 1. 375 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1. 260 40 1. 375 40 1.250 40 1.650 40 1. 500 40 1.000 44 1.063 35 1. 714 40 1.125 35 1. 500 40 1.000 35 1. 250 44 1. 375 40 1. 375 40 1. 500 44 .800 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 30 44 35 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 $1. 500 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.100 40 1. 375 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 44 SIGN PAINTERS Atlanta, Ga_____ _______ $1.000 Baltimore, M d_________ _ 1.125 Birmingham, Ala________ 1.375 Boston, Mass____________ 1.250 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1. 250 Butte, M o n t__________ _. 1.375 Charleston, W. Va______ 1.125 Chicago, 111----- -------- ... 1.875 Cincinnati, O h io ..______ 1.250 Cleveland, O hio__ ____ _ 1. 575 1. 250 Columbus, Ohio.. 1.250 Dallas, Tex Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) 1.500 Dayton, Ohio 1. 430 Denver, Colo _____ 1.125 Des Moines, Iowa 1.350 Detroit, Mich 1.250 Duluth, Minn __ 1.250 El Paso, Tex__ __ -----____ ___ _ . 1.050 Erie, Pa Grand Rapids, Mich __ 1.250 Houston, Tex ______ 1. 500 Indianapolis, Ind _ ______ 361.250 1.000 Jacksonville, Fla 1. 500 Kansas City, Mo Los Angeles, Calif 1.125 Outside work _ __ __ 1. 350 Louisville, Ky 1.125 Manchester, N. H .900 Memphis, Term 1. 250 1. 400 Milwaukee, Wis Minneapolis, Minn 1. 500 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) 44 $1,000 40 1.125 40 1. 371 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 1.125 40 1.875 44 1.250 40 1. 575 40 1.250 44 1.250 44 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 44 1.500 1.430 1.125 1.350 1.250 1.250 1.050 1.250 1.500 1.250 1.000 1. 500 1.125 1.350 1.125 .900 1. 250 1.400 1. 500 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 Nashville, Tenn _ _ $1.125 Newark, N. J _ _ 1.250 1. 250 New Orleans, La - __ New York, N. Y_. 1.729 Outside work _____ 2.310 Norfolk, Va _. __ ____ 1.000 1.000 Oklahoma City, Okla Omaha, Nebr.: Bulletin w ork__________ 1.000 Pictorial work__________ 1. 250 Peoria, 111. _ __________ 1.300 Philadelphia, P a . . . ______ 1.250 Outside work__________ 1. 450 Pittsburgh, Pa____________ 1..650 Portland, Oreg __________ 1.375 Providence, R. T______ ... 1.000 Reading, Pa ________ _ 1.000 Richmond, Va _ _ 1. 260 Rochester, N. Y __ . 1. 375 Rock Island (111.) district__ 1. 250 St. Louis, Mo _ _____ 1. 650 St. Paul, Minn___________ 1.500 Salt Lake City, U tah ... __ 1.000 San Antonio, T e x ______ _ 1.063 San Francisco, Calif_______ 1.714 Scranton, P a ___________ _ 1.125 Seattle, Wash. ________ _ 1. 600 South Bend, Ind________ _ 1. 000 Spokane, W ash.. ________ 1. 250 Springfield, Mass_________ 1.375 Toledo, Ohio __ _________ 1. 375 Washington, D. C_............. 1. 500 Wichita, Kans____________ 1.000 Worcester, Mass__________ 1.000 Youngstown, Ohio ........... . 1. 250 STEAM AND SPRINKLER FITTERS $1. 250 Atlanta, Ga______ 1. 375 Baltimore, Md___ 1.375 Sprinkler fitters.. Birmingham, A la.. 1. 500 1.500 Boston, Mass_____ 1. 375 Sprinkler fitters.. 1. 375 Buffalo, N. Y ____ 1. 375 Sprinkler fitters.. 2.000 Butte, Mont_____ Charleston, S. C.i_. 1.000 Charleston, W. Va. 1. 250 Charlotte, N. C__ 1. 250 Chicago, 111______ 1.700 Sprinkler fitters.. 1.700 1.500 Cincinnati, Ohio... See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1. 250 40 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 40 1.250 30 2.000 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1. 250 40 1.700 40 1.700 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 44 40 40 40 Cleveland, Ohio___________ $1. 500 Sprinkler fitters____ _ __ 1. 375 Refrigeration installation._ 1.500 Refrigeration service_____ 1.100 Columbus, Ohio________ 1. 375 Dallas, Tex________ ______ 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio_______ _____ 1.400 Denver, Colo____________ 1. 430 Des Moines, Iowa_______ _ 1.375 Detroit, Mich________ ____ 1.500 Duluth, Minn____________ 1. 250 El Paso, Tex__........................ 1.500 40 35 40 40 40 40 1.400 40 1. 430 35 1. 375 40 1.500 ^32 1. 250 40 1.500 40 73 U NIO N SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T a b l e 11.— 7 2 c ities, U n i o n s c a le s o f w a g e s a n d h o u r s i n the b u il d i n g tra d e s i n J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 , a n d J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 8 — Continued STEAM AND SPRINKLER FITTERS—Continued City June 1, 1939 W Q bL C3 ft ► g inM © m S 3^ Bce ft o P? H June 1, 1938 Sbfi S-I c3u ft tn, M ©© m O Ss* B03 ft o P3 M Erie, Pa _______ $1. 250 40 $1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.000 44 Houston, Tex _ . . . ______ 1. 500 40 1.500 40 Indianapolis, Ind 1. 500 40 1. 500 40 Jackson, Miss 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 Jacksonville, Fla __ _ 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 500 40 1. 500 40 Kansas City, Mo Sprinkler fitters __ ___ _ 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 Little Rock, Ark 1.000 40 1. 000 40 Los Angeles, Calif________ 1.375 40 1. 250 40 Louisville, Ky 1. 375 40 1. 375 40 Madison, Wis.1 __ _ 1.300 40 1. 300 40 Manchester, N. H__ _ _ ___ 1. 250 40 1.250 40 Memphis, Tenn. _ __ 1. 375 40 1. 375 40 Milwaukee, Wis _____ __ 1. 350 40 1. 350 40 Sprinkler fitters ____ __ 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 Minneapolis, Minn __ _ __ 1. 375 3735 1.375 3735 Sprinkler fitters, _ __ ___ 1.375 40 1. 250 40 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn.1_________ 1.250 40 1.250 40 Newark, N. J _____ _ _ 1. 650 40 1. 650 40 Sprinkler fitters _ _ _ __ 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 New Haven, Conn.1 _ _ __ 1.125 40 1.125 40 New Orleans, La _____ 1. 375 40 1.250 40 New York, N. Y __________ 2. 000 30 2.000 30 Alterations 1 __ __ _ _ 1.250 40 1.125 40 Norfolk, Va ____________ 1.100 40 1.100 40 Oklahoma City, O k la .____ 1. 250 40 1.250 40 Omaha, Nebr_________ _ 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 Peoria, 111 _ __ . . . _____ 1.375 40 1. 375 40 Philadelphia, Pa ________ 1.440 35 1.440 35 Residential __________ 1.150 40 1.150 40 Sprinkler fitters __ ____ 1.375 40 1.250 40 Phoenix, Ariz _ _ _ _ __ 1. 250 44 1. 250 44 Pittsburgh, Pa _______ 1. 700 40 1. 700 40 Sprinkler fitters_____ ___ 1.375 40 1. 250 40 June 1, 1939 City June 1, 1938 <CSO> © ft © © SP- ft VIM© to*% VI © 03 Portland, Maine _ ______ $1. 250 Portland, Oreg, ___ _____ 1. 500 Refrigeration fitters.. ___ 1.375 Oil fitters___ _________ 1. 000 Providence, R. I__________ 1.375 Sprinkler fitters_________ 1. 375 Reading, Pa______________ 1.200 Richmond, Va____________ 1.000 Rochester, N. Y __________ 1. 375 Rock Island (111.) district... 1.375 St. Louis, Mo___ ____ _ _ 1. 625 Sprinkler fitters _ ___ __ 1.500 St. Paul, Minn___________ 1. 375 Sprinkler fitters, ________ 1. 375 Salt Lake City, Utah______ 1.200 San Antonio, Tex __ ____ 1. 500 San Francisco, Calif__ . _ 1. 375 Sprinkler fitters, ______ 1. 375 Refrigeration fitters, high pressure___ _ 1. 375 Refrigeration fitters, low pressure _____ ____ 1. 100 Oil burner fitters 1. 000 Scranton, Pa___ ___ 1. 200 Seattle, Wash _ 1. 500 South Bend, Ind, _ 1. 250 Spokane, Wash, 1. 400 Springfield, Mass _ 1. 375 Toledo, Ohio , _ __ _ 1. 500 Washington, D. C.1_______ 1. 650 Sprinkler fitters^ 1. 375 Refrigeration and oil bur ner fitters______ __ 1. 000 Wichita, K an s____ 1.000 Worcester, M a s s ..______ 1. 200 ____ York, Pa .900 Youngstown, Ohio________ 1.500 si o Io3 ft sO* M M 40 $1. 250 30 1. 500 30 1. 375 40 1. 000 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1. 200 40 1.000 40 1.375 40 1, 375 40 1. 625 40 1. 375 40 1.375 40 1. 250 40 1. 200 40 1. 500 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 44 1.100 44 1. 000 40 1.200 30 1. 500 40 1. 250 35 1. 400 40 1. 375 40 1. 500 40 1. 650 40 1. 250 40 1.000 44 40 1. 200 40 . 850 40 1. 500 40 30 30 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 4T 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 STONE CUTTERS Boston, M ass,_ __ __ _ $1. 350 Inside work. __________ 1. 175 Carvers _ _ ___ ... 1.440 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1. 250 Carvers and scaffold cut ters. _ _____ _ _ 1. 500 1. 200 Chicago, 111__________ Carvers _ . ___________ 1. 400 Planermen, ____ _____ .940 Cincinnati, Ohio _ _ ... 1. 250 Carvers. ________________ 1. 375 Planermen. __ __ ___ 1.000 Cleveland, Ohio______ ____ 381.375 Inside w o r k .__ _____ 1. 250 Columbus, Ohio__________ 1. 250 Dallas, Tex___________ _ 1.125 Planermen .900 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Denver, Colo _ . _ __ 1. 250 Detroit, Mich ... ... ... 1. 275 Carvers____ _ _ __ 1. 525 Planermen __ . . . ____ 1. 025 Houston, Tex. ____ ____ 1. 125 Planermen_____________ .900 See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1. 350 40 1. 175 40 1. 440 40 1.250 40 1. 500 40 1. 200 40 1.400 40 .940 40 1.250 40 1. 375 40 1.000 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1.250 44 1.125 44 .900 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 35 40 40 40 44 44 35 40 40 40 44 44 1.250 1. 250 1. 500 1.000 1.125 .900 Kansas City, Mo. $1. 250 Inside work __ 1.125 Planermen ____ _ __ . 800 Carvers. __ 1. 500 Little Rock, Ark__________ 1.000 Milwaukee, Wis, _ 1. 450 Inside work _ _ _ _ _ 1. 250 Machine men, _ __ ___ 1. 000 Minneapolis, Minn__ _ 1. 375 Carvers______ _________ 1. 500 Inside work: Cutters_______________ 1. 250 Carvers, ... _ _______ 1. 375 Machine men __ __ .800 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Newark, N. J 1.688 Machine men, . _______ 1. 563 New Haven, C onn_______ 1.350 Inside w o r k _ ___ _ 1. 200 New Orleans, La . ________ 1.500 New York, N. Y _._ ____ 1. 929 Inside w ork____________ 1. 688 Planerm en._ ________ 1. 563 Peoria, 111________________ 1.000 40 $1. 250 40 40 1.125 40 40 . 800 40 40 1. 500 40 44 1. 000 1 40 40 1. 450 40 40 1. 250 40 40 1. 000 40 40 1. 375 40 40 1. 500 40 40 1.250 40 40 1. 375 40 40 .800 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 1. 688 40 1. 563 40 1. 929 1.688 1. 563 1.000 34 40 40 40 74 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 cities , J u n e 1, 1 9 8 9 , and J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 8 — Continued STONE CUTTERS—Continued City June 1, 1939 tw ©be © g | ft r* *0-3 w © S03 i so e Ph tti $1. 250 Philadelphia, Pa____ Inside work______ __ _ 1.000 Planermen __ _ .800 1. 500 Carvers- _ ____ 1. 250 Phoenix, Ariz 1. 625 Pittsburgh, Pa __ 2. 000 Carvers. _ ______ Reading, Pa______ ____ 1.125 Rock Island (111.) district__ 1. 250 St. Louis, Mo._ ______ .. 1. 125 Carvers. ____ _ _. . 1. 375 1. 375 St. Paul, M in n ____ Carvers________ ____ _ 1.500 Inside work: Cutters .. __ __ __ __ 1.250 1. 375 Carvers._ ________ Machine men. ______ .800 June 1, 1938 m © 14 be 03 S* ©a 03M © £03 ft So i P5 w 40 $1. 250 40 1.000 40 .800 35 1.500 44 1. 250 40 1. 625 40 2.000 40 1.125 40 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.375 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1. 375 40 .800 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 10 40 June 1, 1939 City June 1, 1938 03 ©be © ©be S©-I <3 *-( a o3 h a M 'oxi D3 © ‘o'£3 EMg s * .g<J3a o | a 3o ¥ Ph M M H Salt Lake City, Utah____ $1. 250 40 40 Scranton, Pa_____ ____ 1.500 40 $1.100 1. 500 40 Carvers_______ 1. 750 40 l! 750 40 Planermen.. _ ._ 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 Toledo, Ohio. _ 1. 250 40 1. 250 Planermen. _ _ 1. 000 40 1. 000 40 40 "Washington, D. C____ 1. 500 40 l! 500 40 Inside work___________ 1.125 40 l! 125 40 Planermen__________ .975 40 ‘.975 40 Carvers: Outside. ______ ____ _ 1.750 40 1. 750 40 Inside.. __ ... 1. 375 40 1. 375 40 Wichita, K ans... 1.000 44 1. 000 44 Machine men. _ .800 44 '.800 44 Youngstown, Ohio .. . _ 1. 375 40 STONE MASONS Atlanta, Ga _____ ______ $1. 250 Baltimore, Md _ ________ 1.500 Birmingham, Ala__ 1.500 Boston, Mass____________ 1. 500 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1. 500 Butte, M ont.. _________ 1. 625 Charleston. S. C__________ 1.000 Charleston, W. Va . _____ 1. 500 Charlotte, N. C. _ _. _ . 1. 250 1.700 Chicago, 111___________ 1. 500 Cincinnati, Ohio . Cleveland, Ohio. __ ____ 1. 625 1.450 Columbus, Ohio_______ C ement blockmen .. .. 1.563 Dallas, Tex_________ _. 1.500 Dayton, Ohio. __ _ _ ... 1.650 Denver, Colo.. . _____ ... 1. 650 Des Moines, Iowa. . _ . . 1. 600 Detroit, Mich _ __ _ 1. 500 Duluth, Minn___ . 1. 250 Erie, Pa ____.. . ______ 1. 500 Grand Rapids, Mich______ 1.500 Houston, Tex .. __ 1. 500 Indianapolis, Ind ____ 1.600 Jacksonville, Fla _ 1. 250 Kansas City, Mo __ ... 1. 375 L itfe Rock, Ark _ 1. 500 Los Angeles, Calif. _ ___ 1. 250 Louisville, K y________ __ 1. 500 Madison, Wis __ ____ 1. 375 Manchester, N. H _________ 1. 500 Memphis, Tenn ________ 1. 625 1. 450 Milwaukee, W is__ . . . Minneapolis, Minn___ ... 1. 375 Nashville, Tenn _____ .. 1. 500 See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1,250 40 1.500 40 1. 500 40 1.500 40 1.500 30 1. 625 44 l.OCO 4ft 1.500 44 1.250 40 1.700 40 1.500 40 1.625 40 1. 375 40 1.375 40 1.500 40 1.650 35 1.500 40 1.600 40 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1. 500 40 1. 500 40 1.500 40 1. 600 44 1.000 40 1. 375 40 40 1. 250 40 1. 500 40 1. 375 40 1.500 40 1.625 40 1. 450 40 1. 375 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 40 44 40 40 4ft 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 4ft 4ft 4ft 40 40 40 Newark, N. J $1.813 New Haven, Conn 1.375 New Orleans, La____ ... 1. 500 New York, N. Y___ __ 1.957 All other masonry (ham mer dressed and better) _ 1.886 Rough masonry (cellar work). . . ______ 1. 716 Norfolk, Va_______ . .. 1.375 Oklahoma City, Okla_____ 1. 500 Peoria, 111_____ __ 1.625 Philadelphia, P a ...____ 1.500 Rubble masons 1. 250 Phoenix, Ariz_____________ 1.250 Pittsburgh, Pa._ ... _ 1.625 Portland, Maine__________ 1. 250 Providence, R. I __________ 1.500 Reading, Pa ____________ 1.375 Richmond, Va .... __ _ _ 1. 500 Rochester, N. Y __ . __ 1. 500 St. Louis, Mo____ ____ 1. 250 St. Paul, Minn___________ 1. 375 San Antonio, Tex __ ___ _ 1. 500 San Francisco, Calif____ __ 1. 750 Scranton, Pa.. ._ _ 1. 500 Seattle, Wash_____________ 1.600 South Bend, Ind____ ... 1. 500 Spokane, Wash___. . . 1. 500 Springfield, M a ss_____ 1.625 Toledo, Ohio____ ______ 1. 625 Washington, D. C _____ 1.750 Worcester, Mass________ 1. 500 York, Pa________ _ 1.000 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1. 500 40 $1. 813 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 35 1.957 35 1.886 35 1. 716 40 1. 375 40 1. 500 40 1.625 40 1. 500 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 625 40 1. 250 40 1.500 40 1. 375 40 1. 500 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 4ft 1. 375 40 1. 500 30 1. 750 40 1. 500 30 l! 600 40 1. 500 35 l' 40 l! 625 40 1. 625 40 l! 750 40 1. 500 40 1.000 40 1.500 500 40 40 40 35 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 U N IO N T able SCALES BY TRADES AND 75 C IT IE S 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 c ities , J u n e 1, i 9 8 9 , and J u n e 1 , 1 9 8 8 — Continued STRUCTURAL-IRON WORKERS 39 Rates of wages per hour Hour s per| week Rates of wages I per hour H o u r s per week City June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 Atlanta, Ga_........... —_ ........ $1.375 Baltimore, Md______ ____ 1. 050 Birmingham, A l a . _____ 1. 375 Boston, Mass_______ _ _ 1. 500 Buffalo, N. Y ____________ 1.500 Butte, Mont______________ 1.500 Charleston, S. C___ __ 1. 250 Charleston, W. Va________ 1. 375 Chicago, 111............................. 1. 700 Finishers______________ 1.700 Cincinnati, Ohio__________ 1. 525 Cleveland, Ohio_______... 1.625 Columbus, Ohio_________ 1.375 Dallas, Tex____ _________ 1. 250 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.). Dayton, Ohio.. __________ 1.500 Denver, Colo ______ _ _. 1.430 Des Moines, Iowa_______ _ 1.375 Detroit, Mich_______ ___ 1.625 Duluth, Minn____________ 1. 500 El Paso, Tex_____________ 1. 250 Erie, Pa. _______________ 1. 500 Grand Rapids, Mich __ 1. 500 Houston, Tex_____________ 1. 375 Indianapolis, Ind_____ _ . 1. 550 Jackson, M iss_________ 1. 250 Jacksonville, Fla______ .. 1. 250 Kansas City, M o________ 1. 500 Little Rock, Ark________ 1. 250 Los Angeles, Calif_________ 1.375 Finishers____________ __ 1.250 Louisville, K y______... 1. 500 Madison, Wis ________ ... 1.375 Manchester, N. H.1_______ 1.375 Memphis, Tenn___________ 1.250 Milwaukee, Wis _________ 1.375 Minneapolis, Minn____... 1.500 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) 40 $1.375 40 1. 500 40 1. 375 40 1. 500 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 40 1. 375 40 1.700 40 1. 625 40 1. 525 40 1.625 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 46 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 4C 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.430 1.375 1.500 1.500 1. 250 1. 250 1.500 1. 375 1.550 1.250 1. 500 1.000 1.375 1. 250 1.500 1.375 1.250 1. 250 1.375 1.500 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour [ H o u r s pe r 1 week Rates of wages per hour j H o u r s pe r week June 1, 1939 Nashville, Tenn__ _ __ _ $1.250 Newark, N.J-_ - ___ 2.000 New Haven, Conn__ _ _ 1.650 New Orleans, La_________ 1. 375 New York, N. Y__________ 1.925 Finishers___ _______ __ 1.750 Norfolk, Va________ _____ 1.250 Oklahoma City, Okla ___ __ 1.250 Omaha, Nebr -------------- 1.250 Peoria, 111- _ . __________ 1.500 Philadelphia, Pa___ ___ 1.650 Phoenix, Ariz______ __ 1.375 Pittsburgh, P a _________ _ 1.500 Portland, Maine _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.250 Portland, Oreg.. _. _____ 1.375 Providence, R. I . __ 1.500 Readme, Pa_ _____ ____ 1.500 Richmond, Va_ ___ 1.500 Rochester, N. Y.1. _ _ 1.440 Rock Island (111.) district,__ 1.300 1.750 St. Louis, Mo 1.500 St. Paul, M in n ___ Salt Lake City, U tah .,. _ 1. 250 San Antonio, Tex.1 _ __ _ 1. 250 San Francisco, Calif. _ ___ 1.600 Finishers: Union A -_ _____ ___ 1.313 Union B _____________ 1.250 Scranton, Pa,__ ______ _ _ 1.500 Seattle, Wash _ __ ___ __ 1.500 Finishers _ __ _______ 1.350 South Bend, I n d .______ _ 1.500 Spokane, W ash,. ______ 1.500 Springfield, M ass... - ___ 1.375 Toledo, Ohio_____ _ __ _ 1.625 Washington, D .C ___ _ _ 2.000 Wichita, Kans _ _____ _ 1. 250 Worcester, Mass___ ___ 1.500 Youngstown, O h io -,____ 1.500 40 $1.250 40 2.000 40 1.650 40 1.375 40 1.925 35 1.750 40 1.250 44 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 1.650 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 1.300 40 1.750 40 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1. 500 30 1.500 30 1.350 40 1.500 35 1.500 40 1. 375 40 1.625 30 2.000 40 40 1. 500 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 30 40 35 40 40 30 40 40 40 $1,250 40 1.375 40 1.375 44 1.250 44 1.250 40 1.250 40 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1.375 40 1.325 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 TILE LAYERS Atlanta, Ga______________ $1,250 Baltimore, Md____________ 1.250 Birmingham, Ala_________ 1.250 Boston, Mass_____________ 1.500 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ 1.250 Butte, Mont______________ 1.625 Charleston, S. C__________ 1.000 Charleston, W. Va________ 1. 250 Charlotte, N. C___________ 1.250 Chicago, 111_______________ 1.625 Cincinnati, Ohio__________ 1.375 Cleveland, Ohio___________ 1.500 Columbus, Ohio__________ 1.250 Dallas, Tex_______________ 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio_____________ 1.500 Denver, Colo_____________ 1.500 Des Moines, Iowa_________ 1.250 Detroit, Mich_____________ 1.500 Duluth, M inn____________ 1.250 El Paso, Tex--------------------- 1.500 Erie, Pa__________________ 1.375i See footnotes at end of table. 40 $1.250 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.250 30 1. 625 44 1.000 40 1.250 44 1.250 40 1.625 40 1.375 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.500 1.250 }.500 1.250 1.500; 1.250! 40 Grand Rapids, Mioh^ $1,250 Houston, Tex _ __ _____ 1.375 Indianapolis, Ind___ _ 1.500 Jackson, M iss., _ _ 1. 250 Jacksonville, Fla_ _ _ 1. 250 1.250 Kansas City, Mo_____ Little Rock, Ark __ _ 1. 500 Los Angeles, Calif_____ __ 1.250 Louisville, Ky__. ____ 1.250 Madison, Wis . _ _ __ _ 1.375 Memphis, Tenn___ ___ __ 1.250 Milwaukee, Wis. _ __ 1.375 Minneapolis, Minn_______ 1.325 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn__ _ _ __ 1.250 Newark, N. J__ _ ____ 1.688 New Haven, Conn, _ _ ___ 1.375 New Orleans, La— ___ __ 1.250 New York, N. Y__________ 1.688 Oklahoma City, Okla_ __ __ 1. 250 Omaha, Nebr_ ___ ____ 1.250 Peoria, 111------------------------- 1.500 1.250 1.688 1. 375 1.250 1.688 1.250 1.250 1.500 76 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 cities , J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 , and J u n e 1 , .705S— Continued TILE LAYERS—Continued June 1, 1938 City Rates of wages per hour June 1, 1939 Philadelphia, Pa---------------- $1,400 Residential_____________ 1.120 Phoenix, Ariz_____________ 1.500 Pittsburgh, Pa____________ 1.500 Portland, Maine__________ 1.250 Portland, Oreg------------------ 1.250 Providence, R. I __________ 1.500 Reading, Pa______________ 1.375 Richmond, Va____________ 1.250 Rochester, N. Y __________ 1.320 Rock Island (111.) district-_. 1. 250 St. Louis, Mo_____________ 1. 500 St. Paul, Minn------------------ 1.325 u© © bc S-I ft 03 m © i © •s-2 © ft WM © 40 $1,400 40 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 40 1.320 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.325 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 City 1cS ft o PH O rt June 1, June 1, 1939 1938 CO © C<DO © ft ft 03M © toM © co 33 S3 * o SC3f t o PS M P? M Salt Lake City, Utah, _ ___ $1.125 San Antonio, Tex 1. 250 San Francisco, Calif— _ __ 1.375 Scranton, Pa._ ______ __ 1.425 Seattle, Wash____ ____ 1. 350 South Bend, Ind_____ 1.500 Spokane, Wash____ _____ 1.500 Springfield, Mass_______ _ 1.625 1.500 Toledo, Ohio_________ Washington, D. C.™______ 1.500 Worcester, M ass.. ___ 1.500 Youngstown, Ohio__ _ __ _ 1.250 40 $1.125 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 40 1.425 30 1.350 40 1.500 35 1.500 40 1.625 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 BUILDING LABORERS Atlanta, Ga.: Class A ________________ Class B ________________ Baltimore, M d___________ Birmingham, Ala_________ Boston, Mass_____________ Buffalo, N. Y _____________ Butte, Mont_____________ Concrete laborers_______ Charleston, W. Va________ Chicago, 111______________ Cement workers________ Cincinnati, Ohio__________ Cleveland, Ohio__________ Columbus, Ohio__________ Dallas, Tex______________ Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio____________ Denver, Colo_____________ Des Moines, Iowa________ Detroit, Mich____________ Duluth, M inn____________ Public building work____ El Paso, Tex.: Service laborers_________ General laborers________ Erie, Pa_________________ Grand Rapids, Mich______ Houston, Tex____________ Indianapolis, Ind_________ Jackson, Miss____________ Jacksonville, Fla__________ Kansas City, M o_________ Los Angeles, Calif________ Louisville, K y____________ Madison, Wis.1___________ Manchester, N. H ________ Memphis, Tenn__________ Milwaukee, Wis__________ Minneapolis, Minn_______ $0. 500 .400 .563 .450 .850 .650 .800 1. 333 .500 1.025 1.025 .750 .900 .550 .500 See footnotes at end of table. .600 .714 .750 .700 .600 .625 .500 .400 .575 .500 .500 .700 .400 .400 .850 .625 .500 .650 .625 .650 .850 .850 44 $0,500 44 .400 40 .500 40 .500 40 .850 40 .650 48 .800 30 1.333 40 1.025 44 1.025 40 .750 40 .900 40 .500 40 .500 44 44 40 40 40 40 48 30 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 44 44 44 48 48 40 49 40 40 44 44 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 .550 .714 .725 .700 .600 44 35 40 44 44 .500 .625 .400 .400 .850 .625 .500 .650 .625 .625 .850 .850 49 40 44 44 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 1040 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn___ _ _ _ _ $0. 400 40 $0,400 Newark, N. J_ ___ _ 1.125 40 1.125 New Haven, Conn____ .750 40 .750 New Orleans, La______ __ .500 44 .500 New York, N. Y.: Cement and concrete workers______________ 1.143 35 1.143 Excavating: Building construction. __ 1.031 40 1.031 Heavy construction. ___ .875 40 .875 Staten Island. . _ ___ 1.025 40 1. 025 Oklahoma City, Okla_____ .500 44 .500 Peoria, 111_____ ______ ... .875 40 .825 Philadelphia, Pa.1____ ____ .600 44 .600 Phoenix, Ariz _____ _ __ .750 40 .750 Unskilled. ______ ___ .625 40 .625 Pittsburgh, P a... __ ______ .800 40 .800 Excavating w ork_____ _ .700 40 .700 Portland, Maine: Skilled_________________ .600 40 .600 Common . . . _________ .500 40 .500 Portland, O reg.__________ .750 40 .750 Providence, R. I ________ . 600 40 . 600 Reading, Pa______ ___ .600 40 .600 Rochester, N. Y _ ____ . 700 40 . 650 Rock Island (111.) district__ .700 40 . 650 St. Louis, Mo _ __ __ .875 40 .875 St. Paul, Minn_____ ____ .750 40 .750 Salt Lake City, Utah. __ .650 40 . 650 San Antonio, Tex. __ __ .500 44 .500 San Francisco, Calif_______ .810 40 .810 Scranton, Pa _ _ ___ .700 40 .700 Seattle, Wash. _ ______ .900 30 .900 South Bend, Ind ________ .750 40 .750 Spokane, Wash___________ .800 35 .800 Springfield, Mass_____ ___ .560 40 .560 Toledo, Ohio____ _ .750 44 .750 Washington, D. C__ _ _ __ .700 .700 Worcester, M ass... _ _ _ _ .700 40 .650 York, Pa. ______ __ .600 40 Youngstown, Ohio. __. _ .650 10 40 .650 10 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 45 40 40 40 44 40 40 30 40 35 40 44 40 40 40 77 U NIO N SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T able 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 cities , J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 , and J u n e l y 1 9 3 8 — Continued COMPOSITION ROOFERS’ HELPERS City June 1, 1939 8bo S©m C3 S-I ft June 1, 1938 8 bJ3t-i © M *o^ ftWM© Mg ”! S03 i 3o ? l03l H Baltimore, M d____ _ ____ _ $0.850 Third hands or kettlemen_ .700 Boston, Mass______ ____ .900 Buffalo, N. Y ______ .850 Butte, Mont_ _______ _ 1.000 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Denver, Colo___ _______ .800 Duluth, Minn.1. _________ .600 El Paso, Tex_-_ ______ .600 Indianapolis, Ind.1- ___ - .800 Kansas City, M o___ _ _ _ .750 Los Angeles, C a l i f , _ . .750 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Oklahoma City, Okla_ .600 Philadelphia, Pa__________ .600 Phoenix, Ariz.:1 On ro o f______ _ _____ .750 On ground______________ .625 3O * M 40 $0.850 40 .700 40 .900 40 .850 48 1.000 40 40 40 40 48 35 40 44 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 .800 .600 .750 .750 .750 City 48 .600 48 40 .600 40 44 44 June 1, 1939 8bfl S-l© 03*-i ft M 'o'a “ 1 S i 3o * (Ac3 M June 1, 1938 8 j©-i fa ft M ”! S03 ft o P3 M Rochester, N. Y $0. 600 40 $0.600 40 Kettlemen. _____ ___ _ .700 40 .700 40 Rock Island (111.) district___ .750 40 .750 40 St. Louis, Mo .875 40 .875 40 Salt Lake City, Utah ____ .650 48 Kettlemen______ ____ .700 48 Scranton, Pa— ________ _ .750 40 .750 40 Seattle, Wash_____________ .900 35 .900 35 Spokane, Wash _____ ____ .800 40 Toledo, Ohio __ __ __ 1.000 40 1.000 40 Kettlemen ____ .900 40 .900 40 .650 40 .650 40 Washington, D. C ___ Kettlemen_____ ______ .800 40 .800 40 Wichita, Kans__________ 40.750 36,% . 500 36A York, P a ___ ________ _ .650 40 Youngstown, O h io,-_____ .850 40 .850 40 Kettlemen .900 40 .900 40 ELEVATOR CONSTRUCTORS’ HELPERS Atlanta, Ga______________ $0.875 Maintenance___________ .788 Baltimore, Md___________ .980 Birmingham, Ala_________ .945 Maintenance___________ .850 Boston, Mass_____________ 1.068 Maintenance___________ .963 Buffalo, N. Y ___________ 1.000 Butte, Mont_____________ 1.070 Charleston, W. Va________ .910 Chicago, 111______________ 1.190 Maintenance___________ 1.070 Cincinnati, Ohio__________ 1.080 Cleveland, Ohio__________ 1.120 Columbus, Ohio__________ 1.010 Dallas, Tex_______________ 1.000 Maintenance___________ .900 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio_____________ 1.080 Denver, Colo_____________ 1.008 Maintenance___________ .910 Des Moines, Iowa_________ .980 Detroit, Mich____________ 1.180 Maintenance___________ 1.050 Duluth, M inn____________ .875 Erie, Pa_________________ .910 Grand Rapids, Mich______ .950 Houston, Tex_____________ 1.050 Maintenance___________ .950 Indianapolis, Ind_________ 1.080 Jacksonville, Fla__________ .840 Maintenance___________ .750 Kansas City, Mo_________ 1.080 Little Rock, Ark__________ .840 Maintenance___________ .780 Los Angeles, Calif________ .875 Louisville, K y____________ 1.000 Maintenance___________ .900 Memphis, Tenn__________ .990 Milwaukee, Wis__________ .960 Maintenance___________ .860 See footnotes at end of table. .1 40 $0.875 44 .788 40 .980 40 .945 44 .850 40 1.068 44 .963 40 1.000 44 1.070 40 .910 40 1.190 44 1.070 40 1.080 40 1.120 40 1.010 40 1.000 44 .900 40 35 40 40 40 40 1040 40 40 40 44 40 44 44 40 44 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 1.008 .910 .980 1.180 1.050 .875 .910 .950 1.050 .950 1.080 .805 .725 1. 080 .788 .710 .875 .980 .990 .960 .860 40 44 40 40 44 40 44 40 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 40 44 44 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 Minneapolis, Minn . __ $0.970 40 $0.970 40 Maintenance_______ ___ .870 44 .870 44 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (HI.) district.) Nashville, Tenn__ ______ .910 40 .910 40 Maintenance____________ .819 40 .819 40 Newark, N. J____________ 1. 350 35 1. 250 40 New Haven, Conn___ _ ___ 1.050 40 1.050 40 New Orleans, La ... __ . .910 44 .910 44 Maintenance___________ .820 44 .820 44 New York, N. Y __________ 1.350 35 1. 250 40 Norfolk, Va______________ .840 44 .790 44 Maintenance__________ - .760 44 .720 44 Oklahoma City, Okla_ ____ .945 40 .945 40 .845 44 .845 44 Maintenance,, _ __ _ .880 40 .880 40 Omaha, Nebr ____ _ _ Maintenance____ _____ .790 40 .790 40 Peoria, 111, ______ _ _ .990 40 .990 40 Philadelphia, Pa.1__ _ __ 1. 070 40 1. 070 40 Repair1 _ ____ 1.070 44 1.070 44 Maintenance1.. _ _ ____ .965 44 .965 44 Phoenix, Ariz. __ __ - - 1. 000 40 1. 000 40 Pittsburgh, Pa____________ 1.170 40 1.170 40 Portland, Maine. __ ______ .840 40 .840 40 Portland, Oreg- ___ _ . __ .980 40 .980 40 Maintenance-- ________ .882 40 .882 40 Providence, R. I ... ___ ___ .990 40 .990 40 .888 44 .888 44 Maintenance- ___ Reading, Pa ____________ .910 40 .910 40 Maintenance____ _______ .860 40 .860 40 .875 40 .875 40 Richmond, Va____- - _ Rochester, N. Y.1-- _ - _ .960 40 .960 40 Rock Island (111.) district___ .980 40 .980 40 St. Louis, Mo_____ ______ 1.140 40 1.110 40 St. Paul, Minn _________ .970 40 .970 40 Maintenance._ ___ _ _ _ .870 44 .870 44 San Antonio, Tex_________ .945 40 .945 40 Maintenance____ ____ .850 44 .850 44 San Francisco, Calif-1.092 40 1.050 40 Scranton, Pa.1 _ _ ______ .955 44 .955 44 Seattle, Wash _____ _ __ 1.078 30 1.078 30 Maintenance-. _____ - - .970 30 .970 30 78 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES T able 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 cities , J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 , and J u n e 1, 1 9 3 8 — Continued ELEVATOR CONSTRUCTORS’ HELPERS—C ontinued Rates of wages i per hour H o u r s per week r Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week City June 1, 1938 f City June 1, 1939 June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour I H o u r s per [ week [ Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per [ week June 1, 1939 Smith Rpnd, Tnd $0.900 40 $0,900 40 Washington, D. C_______ $1,260 40 $1,260 M aintcnancfi .900 44 .900 40 Wichita, Kans ________ _ .810 40 .810 Spokane, Wash _________ 1.040 44 1.040 44 Worcester, M ass_________ 1.000 40 Springfield, M ass________ 1.030 40 1.030 40 York, Pa_________________ .870 40 Toledo, Ohio___ _______ 40 40 Youngstown, Ohio _____ 1.050 40 1.050 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 2 0 1 .1 2 0 40 40 40 40 HOD CARRIERS (MASONS’ TENDERS) Atlanta, Ga___________ __ $0,500 Baltimore, Md_____ ______ .813 Birmingham, A la _____ _ .500 Bricklayers’ tenders___ _ .450 Boston, Mass__ _ _______ _ .850 Buffalo, N. Y _____________ .700 Mortar mixers. _ ______ .750 Butte, Mont______________ 1.333 Charleston, W. Va.: On mortar box_ ________ .625 .625 On wheelbarrow___ Chicago, 111________ ____ _ 1.025 Cincinnati, Ohio________ Cleveland, Ohio__________ .900 Columbus, Ohio__ .800 Dallas, T e x ____________ _ « .500 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio_____ _ Denver, Colo_________ __ .775 Des Moines, Io w a .__ Detroit, Mich _ _________ .800 Duluth, Minn _ ___ _■_ El Paso, Tex __ _____ .600 Erie, Pa _ _ _ .675 Grand Rapids, Mich____ .600 Houston, Tex_ .625 Indianapolis, Ind_ _ _ _ .950 Jackson, Miss_________ ___ .600 Jacksonville, Fla_ _ _ .500 Kansas City, Mo.: Union A __ _ __ _____ Union B___ ___ _ ___ _ .900 Los Angeles, Calif________ .750 Louisville, Ky____________ .875 Madison, W isJ___ ____ _ .650 Mortar mixers__________ .800 Manchester, N. H ______ .800 Memphis, Tenn _____ .650 Milwaukee, Wis____ ______ .950 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land ( .) district.) 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 44 $0,500 40 .750 40 .600 40 .500 40 .850 40 .700 40 .750 30 1.333 .625 .500 40 1.025 40 40 .900 40 .800 40 .500 104 0 1040 1 .0 0 0 40 35 40 44 40 48 40 49 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 .775 40 .800 44 40 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 .600 .625 .950 .600 .500 1 .0 0 0 .900 .750 .875 .650 .800 .800 .625 .950 49 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Nashville, Tenn_________ $0,500 Newark, N. J_________ 1.125 New Haven, Conn _ _ ___ .750 New Orleans, La _ .675 New York, N. Y __________ 1.143 Stone masons’ tenders __ _ Oklahoma City, Okla__ ___ .750 Peoria, 111_________ _____ .875 Philadelphia, P a ________ .700 Phoenix, Ariz __ _ ______ .750 Mortar m ixers___ _ _ __ Pittsburgh, Pa____________ 1.125 Portland, Maine _________ .700 Portland, Oreg_____ _ ___ 1.125 Providence, R. I ___ _ ___ .700 Reading, Pa____ _________ .850 Richmond, Va_____ _____ .500 Rochester, N. Y_ __ ______ .700 Rock Island (111.) district__ .700 Mortar mixers ________ .900 St. Louis, Mo_ ___ _ . ___ St. Paul, Minn__________ 1.150 Mortar mixers __ ___ __ _ .850 Salt Lake City, Utah______ Brick wheeler ___ _ .900 San Antonio, Tex _ _ __ .600 Bricklayers ’ tenders ___ .500 San Francisco, Calif___ 1.250 Scranton, Pa___________ __ .700 Seattle, Wash._ 1.150 South Bend, Ind .900 Bricklayers’ and masons’ helpers______________ .750 Spokane, Wash _ 1.167 Mortar mixers _ __ Springfield, M ass________ Toledo, Ohio_____________ .800 Mortar m ixers_________ .850 Worcester, Mass__________ .900 York, Pa___ _______ __ __ .850 Youngstown, Ohio________ .700 1 .2 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 $0,500 40 1.125 40 .750 44 .600 35 1.143 35 40 .700 40 .825 44 .700 40 .750 40 40 1.125 40 .700 40 1.125 40 .700 40 .850 40 40 .650 40 .650 40 .900 40 35 1.150 40 .850 40 40 .900 40 .600 40 .450 30 1.250 40 .700 30 1.150 40 .900 40 .750 35 35 40 40 .800 40 .850 40 .900 40 .700 40 40 40 44 35 35 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 45 45 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 $0. 650 35 .900 40 .725 40 .950 40 40 .750 40 .750 44 35 40 40 40 40 1 .2 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1040 111 MARBLE SETTERS’ HELPERS Baltimore, Md__ $0. 750 Boston, Mass___ .950 Buffalo, N. Y___ .750 1.333 Butte, Mont___ Chicago, 111____ 1.125 Cincinnati, Ohio. .800 Cleveland, Ohio. Columbus, Ohio. .650 Dallas, Tex------.550 See footnotes at end of table. 1 .0 0 0 40 $0. 750 40 .950 40 .750 30 1.333 40 1.125 40 .800 40 40 .650 40 1 .0 0 0 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton. Ohio __________ _ $0.650 Denver, Colo __ ______ .900 Des Moines, Iowa____ _ _ .750 Detroit, Mich____________ Duluth, Minn_ _________ .700 Erie, Pa_______________ .750 Indianapolis, Ind__............... .750 1 1 .0 0 0 79 U NIO N SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T a b l e 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 cities, J u n e 1, 1 9 8 9 , and J u n e 1, 1 9 3 8 — C ontinued MARBLE SETTERS’ HELPERS—Continued City June 1, 1939 S-i 1 ©a ► 1 cnM © «5 ©ft s f o M 08 Kansas City, M o. _ ______ $0. 910 Los Angeles, Calif__ ___ __ .750 .600 Louisville, Ky_ __ Milwaukee, Wis __ __ _ .950 Minneapolis, Minn__ _____ .850 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Newark, N. J _ ___ 1.306 New Haven, Conn .875 .600 New Orleans, La__ __ 1.306 New York, N. Y__________ . 500 Oklahoma City, Okla _ _ Omaha, Nebr____ ____ _ .700 .800 Peoria, 111 Philadelphia, Pa____ __ 1.000 Phoenix, Ariz __ __ __ __ .875 Pittsburgh, Pa_____ ______ 1.000 June 1, 1938 © ■hg-s © a M City © ”PS 1* £M C3 a o H 40 $0.910 40 .750 40 40 .950 40 .850 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.306 .875 .500 1.306 .700 .800 1.000 .875 1.000 June 1, 1939 Si 1 ©a eg coM © m £cea§3 © Ph M Portland, Oreg _ _________ $0,750 Providence, R. I__________ .925 Reading, Pa ____ _____ .850 Rochester, N. Y ______ __ .750 Rock Island (111.) district. __ .750 St. Louis, Mo_ . ________ .825 St. Paul, Minn. ______ .850 Salt Lake City, Utah___ _ .750 .750 San Antonio, Tex Scranton, P a _____________ .925 .900 Seattle, Wash. ___________ Spokane, Wash___________ .900 Springfield, Mass_________ .900 .800 Toledo, O hio___________ Washington, D. C_ _ _____ .938 York, Pa _ ________ _ .850 Youngstown, Ohio ______ .900 June 1, 1938 ©bJO © a eg M 'o'Cl m© PoS ^ ce « M 40 $0,750 40 .925 40 .850 40 .675 40 .650 40 .825 40 .850 40 .750 40 40 .925 30 .900 35 .900 40 .900 40 .800 40 .938 40 40 .850 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 35 40 40 40 40 PLASTERERS’ LABORERS Atlanta, Ga______________ $0. 500 44 $0,500 Baltimore, Md___________ .813 40 .750 Birmingham, Ala_________ .500 40 .500 Boston, Mass_____________ 1.100 30 1.100 Buffalo, N. Y_____________ .700 40 .700 Butte, Mont______________ 1.333 30 1.333 Charleston, W. Va________ .625 10 40 Chicago, 111______________ 1.100 40 1.100 Cincinnati, Ohio__________ 1.000 40 1.000 Cleveland, Ohio__________ .900 40 .900 Columbus, Ohio__________ .800 40 .800 Dallas, Tex_______________ «. 500 40 .500 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio_____________ .600 44 .550 Denver, Colo_____________ 1.000 35 1.000 Des Moines, Iowa_________ .900 40 .900 Detroit, Mich.: Union A _______________ 1.000 40 1.000 Union B _______________ .800 44 .800 Duluth, Minn____________ 1.000 40 1.000 El Paso, Tex_____________ .600 48 Erie, Pa__________________ .775 40 .850 Indianapolis, Ind_________ .950 40 .950 Jacksonville, Fla__________ .500 44 .500 Kansas City, Mo_________ 1.000 40 1.000 Los Angeles, Calif_________ 1. 250 30 1. 250 Louisville, K y____________ .875 40 .875 Madison, Wis.1___________ .950 40 .900 Manchester, N. H ________ .800 40 .800 Memphis, Tenn__________ .650 40 .625 Milwaukee, Wis__________ 1.000 40 1.000 Minneapolis, Minn_______ 1.150 30 1.150 Moline, 111. (See Rock Is land (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn__________ .500 40 .500 Newark, N. J____________ 1.125 40 1.125 S e e f o o t n o t e s a t en d o f t a b le . 44 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 New Haven, Conn________ $0.750 New Orleans, La__________ .750 New York, N. Y.: Manhattan, Bronx, Rich mond. ________________ 1.420 Brooklyn _____________ 1. 517 Staten Island __ _______ 1.420 Queens: Commercial___________ 1.420 Residential1__________ 1.000 Oklahoma City, Okla______ .750 Peoria, 111________________ 1. 000 Philadelphia, Pa.1_________ 1.150 Residential __________ 1.000 Phoenix, Ariz_____________ 1.000 Pittsburgh, Pa____________ 1.125 Portland, Maine_____ .800 Portland, Oreg____________ 1.125 Providence, R. I__ __ _ _ _ .900 Reading, Pa . ___ ___ .850 Rochester, N. Y__ _______ .700 Rock Island (111.) district__ .900 St. Louis, Mo. __ _______ 1. 250 St. Paul, Minn___________ 1.150 Salt Lake City, Utah__ ___ 1. 250 San Antonio, Tex________ .600 San Francisco, Calif______ 1.400 Scranton, P a _____________ .700 Seattle, Wash_____________ 1.150 South Bend, Ind_______ __ .900 Spokane, Wash___________ 1.167 Springfield, Mass_________ 1.000 Toledo, Ohio... _________ .960 Washington, D. C _ _____ 1.050 Worcester, M ass.. _______ 1.000 York, Pa_________________ .850 Youngstown, Ohio________ .800 40 $0.750 40 44 .600 45 30 30 35 30 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 35 30 40 40 40 1040 1.420 1. 517 1.420 1.420 1.000 .700 .925 1.075 .875 1.000 1.125 .800 1.125 .900 .850 .650 . 900 1.250 1.150 1.250 .600 1. 400 .700 1.150 .900 1.167 1.000 .900 1. 050 .900 .800 30 30 35 30 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 40 30 40 40 80 T able U NIO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 1 1 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 cities , J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 , and J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 8 — Continued PLUM BERS’ LABORERS Birmingham, Ala__ Buffalo, N. Y ______ Charleston, W. Va__. Cleveland, Ohio____ Dallas, Tex________ Dayton, Ohio______ Denver, Colo______ Des Moines, Iow a.... Duluth, Minn_____ El Paso, Tex_______ Houston, Tex______ Indianapolis, Ind___ Kansas City, M o----Madison, Wis.1_____ Milwaukee, Wis.: First man________ Second man______ Minneapolis, Minn.: Class A 42________ Class B __________ Rates of wages per hour City June 1, 1939 S©-I ft M June 1, 1938 w© © bfi ft mM© City “1 si o3 * £cef t © w W $0. 500 40 $0. 500 .600 40 .600 .500 io40 .500 1.000 40 1.000 .400 40 .600 44 .550 1.000 35 1.000 .750 40 .750 .700 44 .500 48 .500 40 .700 40 .625 .900 40 .900 .650 40 .650 1.000 40 1.000 .900 40 .900 1.000 40 1.000 .900 40 .900 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 June 1, June 1, 1939 1938 M t i ©W) © 3b/0 © C3 ft n “ftM$ taM© 'S'S S3 * S03 a S3O * SK c3 O W w Newark, N. J___________ . $0.675 New Haven, Conn_____ _ .650 New York, N. Y .i___ 1.167 Alteration work 1__ _____ .750 Residential work: .857 Staten Island.. _____ Brooklyn and Queens... .750 Oklahoma City, Okla______ .500 Phoenix, Ariz____ ______ .625 Pittsburgh, Pa.. ____ ... 1.000 Portland, Oreg _ ___ ... ... .750 Reading, Pa______________ .750 Rochester, N. Y __________ .700 St. Louis, Mo. _ _ ... __ ._ 1.000 San Antonio, Tex_____ __ .500 Scranton, P a _______ .. . _ .700 Seattle, Wash_____________ .900 York, Pa____ ____ ________ .750 40 $0.675 40 .650 30 1.167 .625 35 .857 40 .750 44 .500 40 40 1.000 40 . 750 40 .750 40 .700 40 1.000 44 .450 40 .700 30 .900 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 30 $1,500 io 30 $1. 500 .750 . 625 .700 40 .700 .800 35 . 800 . 600 40 . 600 . 770 40 . 750 1.000 40 1.000 .770 40 .750 .800 40 . 800 .875 40 .875 .770 40 . 750 .750 40 . 750 .700 40 . 700 1.000 40 1.000 .875 40 .813 .700 40 . 700 . 770 40 . 750 .750 40 ! 750 .770 40 . 750 .625 40 . 625 .850 40 . 850 .910 40 .910 .770 40 .800 40 .800 .750 40 30 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1040 STEAM AND SPRINKLER FITTERS’ HELPERS Baltimore, M d _____ _ _ _ $0.963 .770 Sprinkler fitters Boston, Mass.: Sprinkler fitters______ _ .770 Buffalo, N. Y _________ .750 Sprinkler fitters______ _ .770 Chicago, 111 _____ _ 1.063 Cleveland, Ohio: Sprinkler fitters___ ____ .775 .750 Dallas, T e x ____ ___ Dayton, Ohio _ __ _ _. _ __ .600 Duluth, Minn _ ____ _ . _ .700 El Paso, Tex ______ __ .650 Erie, Pa _ . _ ___ .650 Houston, Tex ___________ .750 Kansas City, M o____ _ _ _ .781 .750 Los Angeles, Calif . . . Sprinkler fitters _____ _ . .770 Milwaukee, Wis. _________ .800 Sprinkler fitters_____ . .770 Minneapolis, Minn _____ _ .750 Sprinkler fitters ________ .770 Nashville, Tenn . 500 Newark, N. J_ _ ._ ______ 1.125 Sprinkler fitters____. ___ .770 New Haven, C o n n ..___ _ .650 New Orleans, La__________ .700 40 $0.875 40 .725 40 .750 40 40 .750 40 1.063 40 .750 40 .750 40 .600 44 40 40 .600 40 .750 40 .781 40 40 .750 40 .800 40 .750 35 .750 40 .750 40 40 1.125 40 .750 40 .650 40 .600 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 New York, N. Y __________ Alteration work 1 Oklahoma City, Okla.. Philadelphia, Pa Residential work Sprinkler fitters Pittsburgh, Pa Sprinkler fitters... ... Portland, Maine _ _ Providence, R .I ___ _ . Sprinkler fitters __ _ Reading, Pa __ Rochester, N. Y ___ St. Louis, Mo _ ___ _ Sprinkler fitters . . . St. Paul, Minn Sprinkler fitters San Antonio, Tex. _ San Francisco, Calif.: Sprinkler fitters. _ _ _ Scranton, Pa. _ _ __ Springfield, Mass Washington, D. C.1_______ Sprinkler fitters _ . . . Worcester, Mass . ___... York, Pa_________________ 40 TILE LAYERS’ HELPERS Baltimore, Md__. Boston, Mass___ Buffalo, N. Y ___ Butte, Mont___ Chicago, 111____ Cincinnati, Ohio. Cleveland, Ohio. Columbus, Ohio. Dallas, Tex____ $0. 750 .950 .750 1. 333 1.125 .750 1.000 .650 .500 S e e f o o t n o t e s a t e n d o f ta b le . 40 $0.750 40 .950 40 .750 30 1.333 40 1.125 40 .750 40 1.000 40 .650 48 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 D avenport, Iow a. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio 1_____ $0.650 Denver, Colo_____ _______ .900 Detroit, Mich________ ____ .950 Duluth, Minn____ ______ .700 El Paso, T ex _____________ .750 Erie, Pa_________ ______ .750 Indianapolis, Ind____ _____ .750 44 $0. 650 35 .900 40 .950 40 48 40 .750 40 .750 44 35 40 40 40 81 U N IO N SCALES BY TRADES AND CITIES T a b l e 1 1 ,— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 2 cities , J u n e 1, 1 9 3 9 , and J u n e 1 } 1 9 3 8 — Continued TILE LAYERS’ HELPERS—C ontinued Kansas City, Mo_________ $0.910 .781 Los Angeles, Calif __ _ .600 Louisville, Ky ______ .900 Milwaukee, W is _______ Minneapolis, Minn_______ .850 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Newark, N. J_____ _ __ 1.250 New Haven, Conn. __ _ _ .875 New Orleans, La ______ .600 New York, N. Y __________ 1. 250 Oklahoma City, O kla____ .500 Omaha, Nebr_ ____ ___ .700 Peoria, 111___ __ ___ __ .800 Philadelphia, Pa .__ _ _ .900 Residential.. _ _ _ ___ .720 Phoenix, Ariz __ ___ __ .875 Pittsburgh, Pa_ _________ 1.000 Portland, Maine_____ _ .750 June 1, 1938 CO ft M 'opC| GG03 w © O* C3 o P? M 40 $0. 910 40 .781 40 40 .900 40 .850 40 40 40 40 1.250 .875 .500 1.250 .700 .800 .900 .875 1.000 .750 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 June 1, 1939 City June 1, 1938 Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per | week Rates of wages per hour H o u r s per week City June 1, 1939 <8 <x>i ft mMa> t_l w S £C3 a So * H Portland, Oreg_________ _ $0.750 Providence, R .I __________ .925 Reading, Pa______________ .850 Rochester, N. Y __________ .750 Rock Island (111.) district-__ .750 St. Louis, Mo_____________ .850 St. Paul, Minn___________ .850 Salt Lake City, Utah______ .750 San Antonio, Tex_________ .550 San Francisco, C alif______ .875 Scranton, Pa__ __ _______ .925 .900 Seattle, Wash______ ____ Spokane, Wash __________ .900 Springfield, Mass________ .900 Toledo, Ohio____ _______ .800 Washington, D .C ___ _ _ .938 York, Pa _ _ ____ _ .850 Youngstown, Ohio _ ______ .900 40 $0,750 40 .925 40 .850 40 .675 40 .650 40 .850 40 .850 40 .750 40 .500 40 .875 40 .925 30 .900 35 .900 40 .900 40 .800 40 .938 40 40 .850 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 35 40 40 40 40 1 See appendix A, p. 82, for a listing of new scales, effective after June 1, 1939, which have come to the attention of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2 Stock work, $1,625 per hour. 3 In cities where different kinds of bricklaying are not listed separately, it can generally be assumed that the general bricklaying rate prevails also for sewer and tunnel bricklayers. 4 $2 per hour when working a 6-hour day. 5 In cities where different kinds of carpentering are not listed separately, it can generally be assumed that the general carpenter rate prevails also for millwrights, parquetry-floor layers, ship carpenters, and wharf and bridge carpenters. 6 $1,285 per hour for moving-picture studio work. 7 Also applies to repair jobs of under 150 man-hours. BJobs of over 30 man-days or 240 man-hours. 9 Jobs of under 30 man-days or 240 man-hours. 10 44 hours allowed. 11 Full time rate given; broken time rate, $1.80. 12 Full time rate given; broken time rate, $1.50. 1310 percent additional for underground work. 14 40 hours allowed. 15 Broken time rate given; 10 percent less for full time. 16 44 hours on road work. 17 48 hours allowed. 18 48 hours on dams, sewers, etc. 19 Full time rate given; broken time rate, $1,625. 20 48 hours on road or street work. 21 On strike June 1, 1939. 22 44 hours Feb. 1 to June 1. 23 44 hours Mar. 1 to June 1. 24 44 hours Mar. 1 to June 1 and Sept. 1 to Dec. 1. 25 $13.50 per day plus cost of sharpening when furnishing own tools. 28 Per 1,000 lath. 27 Per 100 lath; limit 850 lath per day. 28 $2.15 per hour when working a 30-hour week. 29 $2 per hour when working a 30-hour week. 30 35-hour week, September to March. 31 Limited to 21 hours per week during January, February, and March. 32 35-hour week 3 months each year. 33 35-hour week September to March. 34 30-hour week Nov. 1 to Apr. 30. 38 $2 per hour when working less than a 40-hour week. 36 25 cents per hour additional on jobs over 50 feet high; double rate on jobs of over 100 feet. 37 40 hours Sept. 1 to Dec. 31. 38 25 cents per hour additional for cutting old stone. 39 In cities where finishers are not listed separately, it can be assumed that the rate shown prevails for both erecting and finishing. 40 $0.65 per hour during first year. 44 Wheelbarrow rate; $0,625 when using hod„ 42 3 or more years’ experience. Appendix A Changes in Rates A fter June 1, 1939 In a number of instances changes in wage or hour scales had been agreed upon which were to take effect after the date of this survey. All such new scales which were reported to the Bureau of Labor Statistics are listed below, with the dates effective. JOURNEYMEN Asbestos workers Detroit, Mich.: $1,425, July 1, 1939: $1.45, January 1, Louisville, Ky.: $1,375, June 11, 1939. 1940. Scranton, Pa.: $1,375, July 1, 1939. Grand Rapids, Mich.: $1.25, July 1, 1939. Boilermakers Indianapolis, Ind.: $1,625, June 15, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1.50, July 1, 1939. Bricklayers Jacksonville, Fla.: $1.25, August 1, 1939. Carpenters Des Moines, Iowa: $1.25, July 1, 1939. Memphis, Tenn.: Floor layers, $1, June 15, 1939. Nashville, Tenn.: $1.15, September 1, 1939. New Orleans, La.: $1,125, July 1, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: Commercial, $1,375, November 1, 1939. Birmingham, Ala.: $1,425, July 1, 1939. Maintenance, $1,243, July 1, 1939. Buffalo, N. Y.: $1,450, July 9, 1939. Maintenance, $1,305, July 9, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1.58, July 3, 1939. Repair, $1.58, July 3, 1939. Maintenance, $1,422, July 3, 1939. Rochester, N. Y.: $1,475, July 1, 1939. Maintenance, $1,328, July 1, 1939. Scranton, Pa.: 40-hour week, July 1, 1939. Elevator constructors Engineers—portable and hoisting Birmingham, Ala.: Over 1-yard capacity shovels, $1.50, June 15, 1939. Steel construction engineers, $1,375, June 15, 1939. All others, $1.25, June 15, 1939. Glaziers Birmingham, Ala.: $1,125, July 1, 1939. Des Moines, Iowa: $1,125, July 10, 1939. Jacksonville, Fla.: $1, August 1, 1939. Memphis, Tenn.: $0.90, July 1, 1939. Newark, N. J.: $1,438, July 10, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1.30, January 1, 1940. Columbus, Ohio: $1.55, January 1, 1940. Norfolk, Va.: Wood, $5.50 per 1,000, July 1, 1939. Rochester, N. Y.: $1,375, July 11, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1.70, December 1,1939. 82 Richmond, Va.: $1,375, August 10, 1939. Marble setters Birmingham, Ala.: $1,125, July 1, 1939. Charleston, S. C.: $1, July 15, 1939. Columbus, Ohio: $1.25, June 26, 1939. Structural-iron painting, $1.35, June 26, 1939. Birmingham, Ala.: $1,125, July 1, 1939. Jacksonville, Fla.: $1, August 1, 1939. Lathers Painters Jacksonville, Fla.: $1, August 1, 1939. Structural-iron painting, $1.25, August 1, 1939. Spray painting, $1.50, August , 1939. Oklahoma City, Okla.: $1,125, September , 1939. Omaha, Nebr.: $1, September 1, 1939. 1 1 Paperhangers Oklahoma City, Okla.: $1,125, September 1, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1.25, January 1, 1940. Plasterers 83 APPEN D IX A Plumbers and gas fitters Buffalo, N. Y.r $1.50, November 1, 1939. Charleston, S. C.: $1.25, July 1, 1939. Nashville, Tenn.: $1,375, January 1, 1940. New Haven, Conn.: $1.25, July 15, 1939. New York, N. Y.: Alteration plumbers, $1,429, December 1, 1939, 7-hour day. Manchester, N. H.: $1.50, August 1, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,325, January 1, 1940. Rodmen Rochester, N. Y.: $1.50, July 1, 1939. San Antonio, Tex.: $1.25, November 1, 1939. Roofers—composition Grand Rapids, Mich.: $0.75, August 1, 1939; $0.80, Phoenix, Ariz.: 42-hour week, October 1, 1939. November 1,1939. Indianapolis, Ind.: $1, July , 1939. Foreman, $1.10, July , 1939. 2 2 Roofers—slate and tile Birmingham, Ala.: $1,188, July 1, 1939. Indianapolis, Ind.: $1.10, July , 1939. Boston, Mass.: $1.44, September 1, 1939. Phoenix, Ariz.: 42-hour week, October 1, 1939. Grand Rapids, Mich.: $0.95, August 1, 1939; $ , November 1, 1939. 2 1 Birmingham, Ala.: $1,188, July 1, 1939. Boston, Mass.: $1.50, January , 1940. 1 Sheet-metal workers Jackson, Miss.: 40-hour week, August , 1939. Jacksonville, Fla.: $ , August 1, 1939. 2 Steam and sprinkler fitters Charleston, S. C.: $1.25, July 1, 1939. Madison, Wis.: $1,375, July 1, 1939. Nashville, Tenn.: $1,375, January , 1940. New Haven, Conn.: $1.25, July 15, 1939. 1 New York, N. Y.: Alteration, $1,429, December 1, 1939, 7-hour day. Washington, D. C.: $1.75, September 15, 1939. 1 Structural-iron workers Manchester, N. H.: $1.50, August 1, 1939. San Antonio, Tex.: $1.50, November 1, 1939. Rochester, N. Y.: $1.50, July 1, 1939. HELPERS AND LABORERS Building laborers Madison, Wis.: $0.70, July 1, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: $0.65, November , 1939. Duluth, Minn.: $0.65, June 15, 1939. Indianapolis, Ind.: $0.85, July , 1939. 2 Buffalo, N. Y.: $ . , July 9, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,106, July 3, 1939. Repair, $1,106, July 3, 1939. Maintenance, $0,995, July 3, 1939. Composition roofers’ helpers Phoenix, Ariz.: 42-hour week, October 1, 1939. Elevator constructors’ helpers Rochester, N. Y.: $1.03, July 1, 1939. Scranton, Pa.: 40-hour week, July 1, 1939. 1 02 Madison, Wis.: $0.70, July 1, 1939. Dayton, Ohio: $0.75, July 1, 1939. 1 Hod carriers (mason tenders) Marble setters’ helpers Plasterers’ laborers Madison, Wis.: $1, November 1, 1939. Philadelphia, Pa.: Commercial, $1.18, December 1, New York, N. Y., Queens: Residential, $0.90, July 1939. 15, 1939, 7-hour day. Plumbers’ laborers Madison, Wis.: $0.70, July 1, 1939. New York, N. Y., Brooklyn: Commercial, $1.25, July 1, 1939, -hour day; $1,333, October 1, 1939. Alteration, $0,857, December 1, 1939, 7-hour day. 6 Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers New York, N. Y.: Alteration, $0,857, December 1, Washington, D. C.: $0.96, September 15, 1939. 1939, 7-hour day. Dayton, Ohio: $0.75, July 1, 1939. Tile layers’ helpers Appendix B Wages and Hours in Supplementary Building Trades In a number of cities the building-trades unions which were visited reported agreements covering subsidiary occupations which do not come within the general classifications included in the survey. No particular effort was made to obtain a complete listing of the scales for these unclassified occupations. Such of them as were reported, however, are listed in the following table. T able 12.— U nion scales o f wages and hours in supplem entary building trades, by cities, J u n e 1, 1939 City and occupation Hour Hours ly per wage week rate City and occupation Hour Hours ly per wage week rate Butte, Mont. Atlanta, Ga. Electricians’ helpers: Class A jobs _________ _ ___ $ . 600 Class B job s_______ ______ . 500 Sign-painters’ helpers . 500 Asphalt mixers and layers_____ $1.333 40 Jackhammermen _ _ .900 40 Riprapping.. _____ _ ___ __ __ .900 44 Work in water________ ____ _ .900 30 48 48 48 Asbestos-workers’ helpers Boilermakers’ helpers Jackhammermen_____ ______ Scaffold builders_____ _________ Terrazzo-workers’ helpers _ _ __ .925 1. 375 .750 .813 .900 44 44 Air-tool operators. __ ___ _ ___ Asphalt rakers, tampers, and smoothers___ Concrete rubbers________ _____ Glaziers’ helpers_____ _____ ____ Labor foremen__ _______ ____ Powder men Powdermen’s helpers Sign builders_____________________ Sign-builders’ helpers: First year __________ ____ Thereafter Sign-painters’ helpers: First year_____ __ ______ Second year Thereafter Terrazzo-workers’ helpers .600 . 600 .600 .500 40 Blasters__ ____________________ .625 40 Jackhammermen____ ________ 40 Chicago, III. 40 40 Caisson diggers. __ __ _______ _ 1.350 Sign-painters’ helpers. _ _ _____ 1.250 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers . 1.075 1.150 40 Terrazzo base-machine operators Windlass or nigger head workers __ __ 40 Wreckers (buildings)__ _______ _ .700 40 Cincinnati, Ohio 40 40 40 Boilermakers’ helpers___ _______ 1.300 40 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers_________ .850 40 Cleveland, Ohio 40 40 Boilermakers’ helpers ._ ___ ____ 1.375 Curb-stone setters ___ ________ _ 1.500 40 Firemen and oilers: Building work _ _ _ _____ 1.150 40 Road work___________ _ _ _ 1.375 40 40 Flagstone cutters and layers_____ 1.250 Marble polishers____ ______ ____ Sign-painters’ helpers. ___ _____ 1.075 Slate and tile roofers’ helpers______ 40 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers.__ ___ _ 40 Welders (structural-iron)______ _ 1.625 Wreckers (barmen)___ ___ ______ .800 40 Wreckers’ helpers_____ _ ___ _ _ . 700 40 Columbus, Ohio 40 Boilermakers’ helpers____ ___ _ 1.250 Laborers: Caisson __________ _ _____ 1.375 40 Road.___________. ____ ______ _ > .650 40 0 Baltimore, Md. Birmingham, Ala. Boston, Mass. Boilermakers’ helpers Electric welders (steel construction). Roofers’ helpers: Pre-cast tile Slate and tile_____ _ __ ___ Sign-painters’ helpers___ _________ Buffalo, N. Y. 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 . 500 . 700 .450 . 600 .550 . 650 . 800 . 500 1. 325 1.500 1 .1 0 0 .900 .938 J ackhammermen .850 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers_________ .750 84 Charleston, W. Va. 1 .1 0 0 1 .2 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 44 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 85 APPEN D IX B T able 1 2 Union scales o f wages and hours in supplem entary building trades, by cities, Jun e 1, 1939— Continued Hour Hours ly per wage week rate City and occupation Columbus, Ohio—Continued Laborers—Continued. Sewer___ _ _ __ ___ _ $0. 700 Tunnel__________ _____ _ 1. 250 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers _ .800 Dallas, Tex. Jackhammermen _ __ ______ _ _ Sign-painters’ helpers: Senior ___ __ _ __ ________ Junior __ _____ _______ __ Terrazzo-workers’ helpers Terrazzo floor-machine operators___ Vibrator operators __ Davenport,(III.) Iowadistrict) (See Rock Island Dayton, Ohio .625 .750 .400 . 500 .850 . 500 Boilermakers’ helpers __________ 1.375 Sign-painters’ helpers _ __________ .650 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers____ _ 1 .1 0 0 Denver, Colo. Firemen and oilers: Incity___ _ __ __ _ _ _ Out of city______ _ ______ .800 Jackhammermen: In city___ _ _ _ _ ___ ___ Outofcity___ _ _____ Terrazzo-workers’ helpers __ _ _ __ .900 Terrazzo base-machine operators _ _ 1.150 Terrazzo floor-machine operators___ 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 Des Moines, Iowa City and occupation Hour Hours ly per wage week rate Indianapolis, Ind. Boilermakers’ helpers____ ____ _ $1.300 40 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers _ __ .850 40 Terrazzo base-machine operators.__ _ 40 40 40 40 Asphalt rakers_____ __ _ _______ Asphalt workers. ______ _______ Boilermakers’ helpers_____________ Compressed-air workers _ _ Concrete vibrator operators Jackhammermen Mastic, hot kettle men_____ _ __ . Other mastic workers __ Oilers and firemen___ ______ _____ Pier hole diggers____________ ____ Powdermen... ____________ _ . Sandblasting: Gunmen__ __ ______ __ _ Nozzlemen.. _____________ _ _ Ordinary sandblast Scaffoldmen. _ __ _____ __ Signalmen_____ ______ ________ Slate and tile roofers’ helpers_______ Terrazzo-workers’ helpers________ Unloaders, reinforcing________ ____ Wreckers: Alterations - __ Entire building _ ______ 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Kansas City, Mo. 40 44 44 48 48 40 40 40 44 1 .0 0 0 1.125 1.250 1.400 .900 .925 1.250 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 .925 1 .1 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1.350 1.150 .900 .750 .910 .850 .850 .750 1 .0 0 0 35 40 35 Los Angeles, Calif. 40 35 Boilermakers’ helpers _ ____ 35 Jackhammermen _______ _ _ _ .750 35 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers________ .750 Terrazzo base-machine operators___ .875 1 .0 0 0 Louisville, Ky. 40 44 40 40 Jackhammermen or vibrator opera tors __________ _ _ _ _______ .900 40 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers__________ .600 40 Boilermakers’ helpers _ __ _ Compressed air workers: Miners___ _______ _ _ ___ Muckers______ __ _ _ ____ Machinery and steel erectors Marble polishers Sign-painters’ helpers Terrazzo-workers’ helpers______ ___ Terrazzo base-machine operators... _ 1.375 1.350 1.150 1. 250 . .850 .950 1.150 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1 .0 0 0 40 Boilermakers’ helpers _____ ___ 1.250 Composition floor layers__ ______ 1. 250 .850 Wrecking laborers _____ 40 35 40 Jackhammermen_______ _ ... _ . Potmen (roofing) Sign-painters’ helpers: Senior ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Junior____ _______ __ ... .500 . 500 .625 .313 . 750 Detroit, Mich. El Paso, Tex. Terrazzo-workers’ helpers Erie, Pa. Jackhammermen Terrazzo-workers’ helpers__ Houston, Tex. 1 100 .650 _. _ .750 Boilermakers’ helpers_____ . . . ____ Composition floor layers 1 250 Sign-painters’ helpers____________ _ .900 1 .0 0 0 Memphis, Tenn. Boilermakers’ helpers_______ ____ Minneapolis, Minn. Moline, III. district) Rock Island (III.) Nashville, Tenn. (S e e 48 48 Boilermakers’ helpers _ _ _ _______ Newark, N. J. 44 44 48 Boilermakers’ helpers. _ ______ Hardwood finishers___ _________ Home insulators’ helpers____ Machinists’ helpers------------------ __ 40 Slate and tile roofers’ helpers. _ ____ 40 New Haven, Conn. Terrazzo-workers’ helpers. _ ---------New Orleans, La. 40 _ __ 40 Air-gun laborers. _. _____ 40 Marble polish ers,,---,,,..................... 1 .1 0 0 1. 512 1.125 .750 1. 238 40 1 .0 0 0 40 40 44 40 40 .875 40 .600 44 40 1 1 .0 0 0 86 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 1 2 . — Union scales o f wages and hours in supplem entary building trades, by cities, J un e 1, 1939— Continued City and occupation Hour Hours ly per wage week rate New Orleans, La. —Continued Terrazzo-workers’ helpers__________ $0.600 Terrazzo base-machine operators___ Terrazzo floor-machine operators___ .750 Terrazzo machine operators’ helpers. .600 1 .0 0 0 New York, N. Y. Asbestos-workers’ helpers__________ Compressed-air workers: Electricians__________________ Gage tenders_________________ Lock tenders_________________ Lock tenders’ helpers__________ Miners_________________ ____ _ Miners’ helpers_______________ Monorail men________________ Motormen and brakemen______ Pipe fitters___________________ Shield drivers_________________ Shovel operators______________ Ornamental-iron workers’ helpers__ Rock drillers: Open cut work________________ Subsurface work______________ Drillers’ helpers_______________ Slate and tile roofers’ helpers______ Wreckers (Barmen)_______________ Wreckers’ helpers_________________ Wrecking labor (Staten Island)____ Norfolk, Va. 1.500 2.333 2.167 2. 333 2.167 2. 333 2.167 2. 333 2.167 2. 333 2. 333 2.833 1. 300 1. 250 1. 375 .960 1. 250 1.150 1. 430 1 .0 0 0 City and occupation Pheonix, Ariz —Continued Hot plant watch firemen___ Jackhammermen__________ Mixer operators ( - -bag)__ Nozzlemen________________ Oilers____________ ____ ___ Pipe layers (cement)_______ Powdermen_______________ 30 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers___ Vibrator o p e r a to r s.______ 30 30 Pittsburgh, Pa. 30 30 Caisson laborers___________ 30 Marble polishers__________ 30 Sign-painters’ helpers______ 30 Slate and tile roofers’ helpers. 30 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers. __ 30 Wreckers_________________ 30 30 Portland, Maine 35 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers._ 40 40 Portland, Oreg. 40 35 Boilermakers’ helpers____ 40 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers.. 40 35 Providence, R. 1. Terrazzo-workers’ helpers. 40 40 40 40 1 2 Reading, Pa. Pile drivers’ and dock builders’ help ers____________________________ Sign-painters’ helpers_____________ . 600 . 500 40 40 Electricians’ helpers______ Jackhammermen________ Sign-painters’ helpers: First year____________ Thereafter____________ Terrazzo-workers’ helpers. .500 .650 .500 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers. .750 40 Sign-painters’ helpers____ 40 44 Rochester, N. Y. Terrazzo grinders. 40 Rock Island (III.) district Boilermakers’ helpers_____________ Sign-painters’ helpers_____________ Terrazzo-workers’ helpers__________ Terrazzo base-machine operators___ 1.375 .800 .800 .900 Firemen and oilers______ 40 Terrazzo grinders: 40 On steps___________ 40 On floor____________ 40 Oklahoma City, Okla. Omaha, Nebr. Peoria, III. Philadelphia, Pa. Boilermakers’ helpers_____________ Carrying reinforcing steel__________ Compressed-air and foundation laborers: Bottom men_________________ Top men_____________________ Machinists’ helpers_______________ Riggers__________________________ Scaffold builders_________________ Sign-painters’ helpers: Inside_______________________ Outside______________________ Slate and tile roofers’ helpers______ Stripping workers________________ Terrazzo-workers’ helpers_________ 1.125 .700 .600 .900 1. 250 .700 .875 .910 .750 .700 1 .1 0 0 Phoenix, Ariz. Asphalt rakers__ Drillers, diamond. Drillers, wagon... 1 .0 0 0 1.125 1 .0 0 0 Hour Hours ly per wage week rate $0.875 .750 .750 1.250 .750 .750 .875 .875 1 .0 0 0 .800 .700 40 40 40 40 40 40 .750 40 1.250 .750 40 40 .925 40 1 .1 0 0 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 40 40 Richmond, Va. St. Louis, Mo. 40 40 Boilermakers’ helpers_____________ Drillers or deep excavation laborers. Granite polishers and sawyers______ Heavy construction laborers_______ Helpers on pre-cast cement slabs___ Sign-painters’ helpers_____________ Slate and tile roofers’ helpers_______ Stone derrickmen_________________ Terrazzo-workers’ helpers__________ Terrazzo machine operators________ Wreckers________________________ 44 44 40 40 44 40 40 St. Paul, Minn. 40 44 Boilermakers’ helpers_____ 40 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers... Terrazzo machine operators. 48 Salt Lake City, Utah 48 48 Jackhammermen............. . 40 48 40 40 40 48 48 40 48 40 .750 1 .0 0 0 .900 .800 40 40 40 40 .925 1.025 .618 40 48 40 48 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.250 .800 .900 40 40 40 .750 40 1.350 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 .800 1.225 1. 250 1.100 1.100 87 APPENDIX B T able 1 2 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in s u p p lem en ta ry building trades , by c ities , J u n e 1 , 1 9 3 9 — Continued City and occupation Hour Hours ly per wage week rate San Antonio, Tex. City and occupation Hour Hours ly per wage week rate Springfield, Mass. Jackhammermen_________________ $0,600 Oilers, firemen, or engineers' helpers _ .750 Sign-painters' helpers_____________ .633 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers__________ .550 Terrazzo base-machine operators___ .800 Terrazzo floor-machine operators____ .650 San Francisco, Calif. 44 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers____ $0.900 40 44 Toledo, Ohio 40 40 Boilermakers’ helpers_____ _______ 1.500 40 Machinists’ helpers_______________ .850 Sewer work: Miners,. ___ __ - . ______ 1. 250 Muckers .. ______ ________ 40 Pipelayers, hand,,, .. .. __ __ 40 Pipelayers, machine--. _______ 40 Sheet-metal workers’ helpers ____ .650 40 Sign-painters’ helpers__ _________ .893 40 Terrazzo-workers’ helpers_________ .750 40 40 40 44 44 44 44 40 40 40 Cribbing laborers_________________ Jackhammermen_________ ______ Refrigerator service men___________ Tunnel laborers__________________ Welders_________________________ 1. 190 .970 .900 1. 190 1. 375 Terrazzo-workers' helpers_________ .925 40 Boilermakers’ helpers _ . _. . _. __ 1.250 Sign-painters’ helpers__ _________ .800 40 40 Boilermakers’ helpers_____________ 1.333 Sign-painters’ helpers_____________ 1.150 30 35 Machinists’ helpers. . . . ____ _ .900 Structural iron-workers’ helpers____ . 835 40 40 Asbestos-workers’ helpers__________ .800 Sign-painters’ helpers_____________ .750 40 40 Jackhammermen- _______________ .750 Sand-pit men_______ ____________ .625 Scaffold builders________ ________ 35 York, Pa. 35 Machinists’ helpers_______________ .900 Scrariton, Pa. Seattle, Wash. South Bend, Ind. Spokane, Wash. 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .1 0 0 Washington, D. C. Wichita, Kans. Worcester, Mass. 1 .1 0 0 Cement mixers, hand_____________ 1.375 Grinders, jackhammermen, or vi brator operators________________ 1 .1 0 0 O 218646°— 40------ 7 40 40 40 40
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