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Union Wages and Hours:
The Baking Industry
July 1,1947
Bulletin No. 936
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
L. B. Schwellenbach, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner
Letter of Transmittal
U nited States D epartment of L abor,
B ureau of L abor Statistics,
Washington, D. C., March 81,1948 .
The Secretary
of
L abor:
I have the honor to transmit herewith the annual report on wages and hours
in the Baking Industry in 69 cities as of July 1, 1947.
This report was prepared in the Bureau’s Division of Wage Analysis by
James P. Corkery, under the direction of Hilda W . Callaway.
E wan C lague,
Commissioner .
Hon. L. B. SCHWELLENBACH,
Secretary of Labor.
Contents
Summary___________________________________________________________________
Scope and method_________________________________________ _________________
Variation in pay scales by type of baking_____________________ ________________
Straight-time weekly hours______________________________________
Tables:
1. Indexes of union hourly wage rates and hours in bakeries, 1939 to 1947__
2. Average hourly wage rates as of July 1, 1947, and wage increases between
July 1, 1946, and July 1, 1947, for union workers in the baking industry,
by type of baking_________________________________________________
3. Percent of union members affected by increases by type of baking, July 1,
1946, to July 1, 1947______________________________________________
4. Distribution of union members in the bakery trades, by type of baking,
and by hourly rates, July 1, 1947___________________________________
5. Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1, 1947, and wage increases
between July 1, 1946, and July 1, 1947, for union workers in Hebrew bake
shops, by city_____________________________________________________
6. Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1, 1947, and wage increases be
tween July 1, 1946, and July 1, 1947, in other national bake shops, by city_
7. Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1,1947, and wage increases be
tween July 1,1946, and July 1,1947, for union workers in bread and cake
machine shops, by city_____________________________________________
8. Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1,1947, and wage increases be
tween July 1,1946, and July 1,1947, for union workers in bread and cake
hand shops, by city----------------------------------------------------------------------9. Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1,1947, and wage increases be
tween July 1, 1946, and July 1, 1947, for union workers in cracker and
cooky shops, by city_______________________________________________
10. Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1, 1947, and wage increases be
tween July 1,1946, and July 1,1947, for union workers in pie and pastry
shops, by city_____________________________________________________
11. Average weekly hours of union bakery workers, by type of baking, July 1,
1947______________________________________________________________
12. Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July
1, 1947, and July 1, 1946__________________________________________
(ii)
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6
Union Wages and Hours in the Baking Industry, July 1, 1947
Summary
Wage rates of union bakery workers averaged
$1.13 an hour on July 1, 1947, according to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics’ annual survey of
union scales in the baking industry. In the same
month, average hourly earnings of both union and
nonunion labor amounted to S1.07.1
The pay scales for practically all union workers
were advanced between July 1, 1946 and July 1,
1947, usually from 10 to 20 percent an hour. In
both years, at least half of the workers had hourly
rates of $1 or more but the proportion with the
dollar or higher minimum was somewhat greater
in 1947 than in 1946. The average increase over
the year of 14 percent— 14 cents an hour—brought
the index of hourly wage rates to 160.6 (June 1,
1939=100).
T a ble 1.— Indexes of union hourly wage rates and hours in
bakeries 19S9 to 1947
[June 1,1939*100.0]
Year
1939: June......................... .................................
1940:
June.......
...................................................
1941: Jim
a
1942: July.............................................................
1943: July.............................................................
1944: July.............................................................
1945: July______________________________
1946:
July.............................................................
1947? July
Index of
Index of
hourly rates weekly hours
100.0
102.7
106.1
116.3
121.2
122.0
123.6
141.6
160.6
100.0
99.5
99.2
99.1
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.3
98.2
Scope and Method
The present study of the baking industry is one
of several union wage studies conducted annually
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Seventy-five
cities ranging in population from 40,000 to over a
million and located in 40 States and the District
of Columbia are included in the current studies.
1 Derived from total pay roll and total man-hours worked for the pay
period nearest the 15th of the month, July 1947.
(1)
Bread baking was the only branch of the in
dustry studied prior to 1939. In that year, how
ever, a complete coverage of all occupations
(except delivery drivers and plant maintenance
workers) was made in all branches of the industry.
A further modification of the study since 1941 has
been the presentation of data by type of baking,
e. g., hand shop, machine shop, pie and pastry
shop, cracker and cooky shop, Hebrew baking,
and other specialized (national) baking such as
French, Polish, Bohemian, Scandinavian, Spanish,
and Italian.
The information presented in this report is
based on union wage scales in effect on July 1,
1947 covering 68,567 union bakery workers in
69 of the 75 cities surveyed by the Bureau. In
60 of these cities data were obtained by field
representatives; in the other 9 cities, through
mail questionnaires.
Union scales are defined as the minimum wage
rates or maximum schedule of hours agreed upon
through collective bargaining between employers
and trade unions. Rates in excess of the agreed
minimum which may be paid to union members
because of long service, for special qualifications,
or for other reasons, are excluded.
Bread and cake hand shops constitute 11 percent
of the total membership tabulated, bread and
cake machine shops 58 percent, pie and pastry
shops 3 percent, Hebrew baking 7 percent, other
specialized bake shops 3 percent and cracker and
cooky shops 18 percent.
Average rates per hour shown in this report
are based on all rates reported in effect on July 1,
1947; the individual rates were weighted by the
number of union members working at such rates.
In contrast, the increases in cents per hour and in
percentage terms from July 1, 1946, to July 1,1947,
are based on the specific rates for 1946 and 1947
2
— Average hourly wage rates as of July 1, 1947
and wage increases between July 1,1946 , and July 1,1947,
for union workers in the baking industry , by type of baking
T able 2.
only where comparable data were available for
both years. Data for 1946 and 1947 were weighted
by membership reported in 1947.
Variation in Pay Scales, by
Type of Baking
Type of baking
This study includes all bakery workers who
process or assist in the preparation and processing
of the bakery products. The occupational com
position of the work force differs from shop-toshop, depending upon type of product, size of the
shop, and extent of mechanization. All of these
factors affect the level of union scales. Union
ization among specialized bake shops occurs in
less than a third of the 69 cities surveyed while
bread and cake machine shops were organized in
most cities. It is important, therefore, to con
sider separately wage scales in the various
branches of the industry— Hebrew, and other
national baking; bread and cake, hand and
machine; pie and pastry; and cracker and cooky.
T o some extent, rate levels are affected by the
geographic location and size of city in which the
T able 3.— Percent
Amount of increase
July lf 1946, to July Average
1,1947
rate per
hour July
per 1,1947
Percent Cents
hour
All baking.
____
Bread
and cake:
H and. _ . . .
__
Machine _.
Pie and pastry _____
Hebrew________________________
Other national baking___
Cracker and cooky
__
13.5
14
$1.13
12.0
14.7
12.0
6.9
9.9
17.1
12
15
12
7
10
17
1.40
1.08
.95
1.77
1.45
.88
shops are located. For example, regardless of
type of baking, rates o f union workers in New
York and San Francisco were generally among the
highest.
Hourly rates o f 97 percent o f the union bakery
workers were advanced between July 1,1946, and
July 1, 1947. However, about a sixth o f the pie
and pastry workers, primarily those employed in
shops in D etroit, did not receive an increase dur
ing the 1-year period. In the other branches o f
of union members affected by increases by type of baking, July 1, 1946, to July 1, 1947
Percent of total members affected by increase of—
5 and
Less under
than 5 10
per
percent cent
Type of baking
All types of b a k in g ,
Bread and cake:
Hand
shops
Machine
shops__________________
Pie and pastry.. „Hebrew
bakingbaking
Other national
........
Cracker and cooky
.....
10 and
under
15 per
cent
15 and
under
20 per
cent
20
and
under
25 per
cent
25 and
under
30 per
cent
30 and
under
35 per
cent
35 and
under
40 per
cent
40
and
under
45 per
cent
45
and 50 per
under
and
50 per cent
over
cent
1.9
17.4
38.1
19.5
12.2
4.9
1.7
0.6
0.7
0.2
0.1
4.3
.4
4.1
13.2
2.1
.1
23.1
12.2
18.4
75.3
24.2
5.5
37.5
44.3
26.2
8.9
60.1
29.1
26.8
20.2
19.3
.3
7.1
22.5
2.5
12.6
9.1
2.0
5.0
4.7
.1
1.0
1.7
.4
1.1
.4
.6
.1
1.1
.4
.7
.1
.1
.1
.2
9.3
3.6
1.6
.1
.1
.3
24.5
(0
i Less than .05 of 1 percent.
— Distribution of union members in the bakery trades by type of baking, and by hourly rates, July 1, 1947
T able 4.
Percent of union members whose rates (in cents) per hour were—
Type of baking
AH bakery workers............
Bread and cake:
Hand shops................
Machine shops.............
Pie and pastry....................
Hebrew shops.....................
Other national baking.......
Crackers and cookies.........
age
70
rate Under 60
per 60 and and
under
hour cents under
70 80
90
and
under
100
100
and
under
110
120
and
under
130
130
and
under
140
140
and
under
150
150
and
under
160
160
and
under
170
170
and
under
180
180
and
under
190
9.3 14.5 12.5 13.9 11.9
9.3
7.3
4.5
3.7
3.1
2.7
3.3
190 200
and and
under over
200
$1,132
0.4
2.0
1.396
1.077
.954
1.765
1.452
.884
.1
0)7.5
.1
.5
.7 2.3 1.9 3.0 4.7 7.5 6.3 21.3 17.4 17.1 4.3 4.5 7.0 ___
.3 ___
1.6
.3
.7 7.9 13.6 14.4 19.3 16.4 13.3 6.7 2.8 1.3 2.0 1.3
.9 3.5
.9 1.8 1.3
.9 24.9 14.9 15.4 14.1 7.2 6.0
.7
.5 2.7 5.5 3.4 13.1 19.0 32.4 "____
.5
.5 0)
2.6
3.6" ”‘”i6."6
.1
____
.4 4.6 28.7 12.4 29.2 17.7 1.6
.6
.9
.3 0)2.5
.6
.5
.6
.2
.1
8.1 20.1 32.3 18.4 9.7 6.7 3.3
Less than .05 of 1 percent.
110
and
under
120
80
and
under
90
.2
1.4
3
the industry, only a small proportion of workers,
usually less than 5 percent, did not receive pay
boosts. The typical increases varied from 5 to 25
percent (see table 3).
While there is a wide range in hourly rates—
from less than 60 cents to over $2— pay scales for
more than half of the bakery workers fell between
80 cents and $1.20. Only 15 percent of the
workers, predominantly those in national bake
shops, received as much as $1.50 an hour.
National Baking
As in previous years, union workers engaged in
Hebrew bake shops had the highest average pay
scale, $1.77 an hour, among the various branches
of the industry. Although hourly rates ranged
from less than 60 cents an hour to over $2, better
than 8 out of every 10 workers had a rate of $1.60
and above, and 17 percent at least $2 an hour.
— Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1.
1947, and wage increases between July 1,1946, and July 1,
1947, for union workers in Hebrew bake shops, by city
T able 5.
City
Detroit, Mich___________________
New
York, N. Y..................................
Los Angeles, Calif _ _
___
Rochester,
N. Y...................................
AllrltAea
Boston, Mass
___
Cleveland, Ohio
Newark, N . J ___ .......
Chicago Til
..
Philadelphia, Pa..................................
New Haven, Conn_______________
Springfield,
Mass_________________
Providence, R. T
Worcester, Mass
Milwaukee, Wis
Denver, Colo__________ _____ ____
Minneapolis, Minn_______________
Pittsburgh,
Pa......................................
St. Louis, Mo
Average
rate per
hour
July 1,1947
$2,126
1.843
1.838
1.836
1.765
1.709
1.660
1.652
1.651
1.623
1.507
1.398
1.384
1.378
1.372
1.274
1.269
1.226
1.143
Amount of increase
July 1, 1946, to
July 1,1947
Percent
10.4
6.8
7.0
15.0
6 .9
7.9
5.7
8.2
• 8.2
6.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
12.9
11.4
11.3
5.4
0.0
Cents per
hour
20
12
12
24
11
13
9
13
13
9
0
0
0
0
16
13
13
6
0
Among the 18 cities in which workers in Hebrew
shops were organized, rates varied from $1.14 in
St. Louis to $2.13 in D etroit; in 9 other cities
average rates exceeded $1.50 an hour. No in
crease was negotiated during the 1-year period,
July 1, 1946, to July 1, 1947, in St. Louis and four
New England cities— New Haven, Springfield,
Providence, and Worcester. In other cities, ad
vances in pay scales ranged from 5 percent in
Pittsburgh to 15 percent in Rochester, hourly
rate increases of 6 and 24 cents, respectively.
Pay scales of workers in other national bake
shops (Polish, Bohemian, French, etc.)2 averaged
$1.45, ranking second to Hebrew shops. The
highest city average, $1.57 an hour, was in D etroit;
the lowest, 79 cents, in Tampa, Fla. Wage rates
of those employed in shops in Tampa have always
been considerably lower than workers in other
cities included in this branch of the industry. In
five other cities, the average rate was at least $1.36
an hour. The amount of hourly rate increase
from July 1,1946, varied from 6 cents in Tampa to
15 cents in Buffalo, San Francisco, Detroit, and
Chicago.
— Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1,
1947, and wage increases between July 1,1946, and July 1,
1947, in other national bake shops, by city
T able 6.
City
Detroit, M ich .
___
__ _
San Francisco, Calif_
A U d fir *
___
___ __________
Chicago, Til
New York, N TY_ _ _
Buffalo, N .Y
Cleveland, Ohio.
_
Tampa, Pla ,, -
Amount of increase July
Average 1,1946 to July 1,1947
rate per
hour
July 1,1947 Percent Cents per
hour
$1.574
1.536
u rn
1.449
1.442
1.382
1.355
.786
10.4
11.1
9 .9
11.6
6.7
12.2
10.2
7.6
15
15
15
9
15
13
6
IS
Bread and Cake
From the viewpoint of volume of employment,
bread and cake baking by machine methods is by
far the most important. Nearly three-fifths of
the union labor force were employed in these
shops. M ost rates in such shops fell within a
50-cent interval, 80 cents to $1.30; the average for
the entire group was $1.08.
Among the 66 cities in which union bread and
cake machine shops are located, average rates
ranged from 79 cents in Norfolk to $1.40 in San
Francisco. Wage levels in other Pacific Coast
cities closely approximated the San Francisco
average. In 23 cities, principally those located
in southern States, where unionization is less
advanced, average rates were less than $1.
In all but eight cities, the increase in hourly
rates between July 1, 1946, and July 1,1947, was
at least 10 cents an hour, and in Houston and
Newark averaged 26 cents. Generally, the pay
boosts exceeded 10 and frequently 15 percent.
Employing less than 2.000 workers.
2
4
— Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1, 1947, and wage increases between July 1,1946 , and July 1, 1947,
for union workers in bread and cake machine shops, by city
T able 7.
City
San Eraneiserv Calif
Lns Angelas, Calif
Pnrtland, Oreg __
__________
Seattle, Wash”
Spokane, Wash
Denver, Coin
PhneniY, Ariz
New York, N V
Youngstown, Ohio___ _ _____
TTnnstnn, Tex
_
Newark, N_ J
Oklahoma City, Okla
Dayton, Ohio_______ ____________
Peoria, Til
___ _
Cleveland Ohio
Madison, Wis
Chicago, Til
Toledo, Ohio
Des Moines, Towa
South Bend, Ind__ _ __ _____
Duluth Minn ...
_
_ _
Salt Lake City, Utah
Washington D . C_
A ll citien
TTans»s City, Mo
St. Lords, Mo
Roehester, N . Y
Onlnmhns, Ohio
Pittsburgh, Pa
Oineinnati, Ohio
St. Paul. Minn.......................................
Providence R. T
Buffalo. N. Y..........................................
Average
rate per
hour,
July 1,1947
$1,398
1.391
1,381
1.339
1.288
1.277
1.223
1.163
1.162
1.144
1.138
1.134
1.133
1.128
1.121
1.114
1.105
1.104
1.101
1.097
1.082
1.082
1.082
1.077
1.075
1.068
1.058
1.053
1.051
1.040
1.040
1.036
1.035
Amount of increase,
July 1, 1946 to
July 1,1947
Percent
City
Cents per
hour
17.3
17.4
16.9
11.8
13.2
11.3
14.0
14.0
12.3
29.7
29.6
13.3
15.8
13.5
11.2
14.0
17.7
13.1
10.8
16.5
12.9
13.8
16.1
U .7
14.7
14.5
14.0
14.5
10.5
15.7
11.6
15.7
17.3
21
21
20
14
15
13
15
14
13
26
26
13
15
13
11
14
17
13
11
16
12
13
15
U
14
14
13
13
10
14
11
14
15
Average
rate per
hour,
July 1,1947
Indianapolis, Tnd_ ___
Minneapolis, Minn___
Louisville. Ky _ __ ___ _
. __
Philadelphia, Pa.....................................
Worcester. Mass_____ _____________
Wichita, Kans____________________
Reading, Pa______________________
New Orleans, La_________________
Dallas, Tex ___ ___ __
Omaha, Nebr..........................................
Grand Rapids, Mich______________
Detroit, Mich _
Springfield, M ass.
__
Boston, Mass_____________________
New
Haven, Conn________________
El Paso, TeY__
___ ____ _
Little Rock, Ark __ ......
Tampa, Ela
Richmond, Va
_ __
Memphis, Tenn__________________
Charleston, W. Va
Baltimore, Md___________________
Scranton, Pa___
__
_
Binghamton,
N. Y .................................
Rock Tsland, Til. (district.)! _ __ .. . _
Milwaukee,
Wis_____________ _____
Atlanta, Ga . . . . . .
Jacksonville, Ela _
Nashville, Tenn.
Charlotte, N . C .
Birmingham, Ala_________________
Norfolk, Va
$1,030
1.030
1.027
1.020
1.020
1.017
1.014
1.012
1.010
1.006
1.000
.989
.984
.982
.975
.955
.950
.934
.929
.923
.918
.915
.910
.906
.883
.859
.847
.839
.832
.815
.808
.794
Amount of increase,
July 1,1946 to
July 1,1947
Percent
17.2
11.5
13.0
20.0
16.4
11.5
15.2
15.4
15.0
15.3
16.0
6.2
9.0
21.8
11.9
18.6
13.2
13.0
13.1
10.7
16.3
13.9
18.8
19.9
23.0
9.1
12.1
11.9
18.4
14.4
12.1
11.0
Cents per
hour
15
11
12
17
15
11
13
14
13
13
15
6
8
18
10
15
11
11
11
9
13
11
14
15
17
7
9
9
13
10
9
8
1 Includes Rock Island, and Moline, 111., and Davenport, Iowa.
The average rate for workers in hand shops was
considerably higher than the level of pay in ma
chine shops (table 2). This same relationship
was fairly consistent within individual cities. In
part, this can be attributed to the fact that propor
tionately more workers in the hand shops have
higher skills or are more versatile than in machine
shops. Over half of the workers in hand shops
had an hourly scale ranging from $1.30 to $1.60.
Comparisons in hand shops are limited to 35
cities. New York with an average rate of $1.63
ranked highest; San Francisco with $1.54 was sec
ond; while Baltimore and Boston with average
rates of 88 and 84 cents, respectively, were the
lowest ranking.
Increases in pay scales since July 1, 1946 were
generally between 10 and 15 percent; unusually
large rate changes in Houston (47 percent) and in
South Bend (28 percent) meant an average hourly
pay boost to the organized workers of 38 and 31
cents, respectively. Des Moines and Toledo with
average rates of 93 cents and $1.09 were the only
cities in which the pay scales were not raised during
the vear.
— Average union hourly wage rates July 1, 1947,
and wage increases between July 1,1946, and July 1,1947 ,
for union workers in bread and cake hand shops, by city
T able 8.
City
New York, N. Y..................................
San Francisco, Calif. ____________
South Bend, Ind_________________
Cincinnati, Ohio........................ .........
Portland,
Oieg_______
____
A 11 c.iiie.R
.
_ ______
Newark, N . J
.......
Chicago, TU _ _
_
Rochester, N . Y .
Denver, Colo
Los Angeles, Calif____...____ ______
Springfield, Mass
. _
New Haven, Conn_______________
Houston,
Tex____________________
Cleveland, Ohio
___
Madison, Wis_____ ______________
St.
Louis,
Mo.......................................
Phoenix, Ariz
Salt Lake City, Utah.......................__
Providence, R. I...................................
Toledo,
Ohio........................................
Minneapolis, Minn . _
St. Paul, Minn ........................................
Rock Island, 111. (district)1. ...............
Tampa, Fla..........................................
Youngstown, Ohio...............................
Manchester, N. H................................
Indianapolis, Tnd
.......
Peoria, 111..............................................
Duluth, Minn_______ ____ ______
Scranton, Pa____________________
Des Moines, Iowa________________
Baltimore, Md__________________
Boston, Mass _
Amount of increase July
1,1946 to July 1,1947
Average
rate per
hour July 1,
per
Percent Cents
1947
hour
$1,630
1.542
1.430
1.421
1.415
1.896
1.391
1.379
1.341
1.309
1.250
1.245
1.202
1.200
1.194
1.177
1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.089
1.084
1.066
1.064
1.064
1.057
1.051
1.047
1.039
1.006
.948
.933
.883
.840
7.7
15.8
27.5
10.9
14.3
12.0
16.0
13.0
21.9
11.0
19.4
8.7
14.2
47.1
10.2
14.6
7.8
13.2
18.1
13.8
0
10.6
11.0
14.2
9.9
12.8
21.5
11.6
25.1
15.0
28.4
0
7.7
19.4
1Includes Rock Island and Moline, 111., and Davenport, Iowa.
12
21
31
14
18
15
19
16
24
13
20
10
15
38
11
15
8
14
18
14
0
10
11
13
10
12
19
11
21
13
21
0
6
14
5
Other Baking
Average rates for the cracker and cooky shop
workers are lower than those in any other branch.
This is partially explained by the fact that a large
proportion of the work force are women who
perform routine jobs such as wrapping and pack
ing. Scales for most of the workers were con
centrated between 70 cents and $1.
Contract negotiations occurring between July 1,
1946 and July 1, 1947 raised the levels in indi
vidual cities from 5 to 24 cents. There was less
variation between cities in this branch than in the
other segments of the industry. Average rates
ranged from 70 cents in Scranton to $1.09 in
New York.
— Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1,
1947, and wage increases between July 1,1946, and July 1,
1647, for union workers in cracker and cooky shops, by city
T able 9.
City
New York, N. Y ..................................
San Francisco, Calif.............................
San
Antonio,
Boston.
Mass frex.................................
_ __
Buffalo, N. Y .......................................
Toledo, Ohio.........................................
Dayton, Ohio__................. .................
Duluth, Minn......................................
Cincinnati, Ohio................................
Detroit, Mich.......................................
Los Angeles, Calif...........„...................
Atlanta, Ga..........................................
Chicago, HI..........................................
S t. Louis, Mo___________________
Kansas City, Mo
Memphis, Term_________________
Des Moines, Iow a.______ _____
A ll cities
_ __
Seattle, W ash.....................................
Rochester, N. Y...................................
St. Paul, k in n ..:...............................
Portland, Oreg.....................................
Columbus, Ohio...................................
Spokane, Wash.....................................
Philadelphia,
Pa._...............................
Cleveland Ohio
Omaha,
Nebr......................................
Richmond, Va
Denver, Colo____________________
Minneapolis, Minn.......... ...............
York, Pa..............................................
Louisville,
Milwaukee,Ky___________________
Wis
_ _ ___
Nashville, Tenn
Salt Lake City, TTtah
Birmingham, Ala
__ .....
Scranton, Pa.........................................
Amount of increase July
Average 1, 1946 to July 1,1947
rate
per hour
Julyl, 1947 Percent Cents per
hour
$1,088
1.027
1.013
.995
.977
.965
.950
.948
.935
.933
.918
.905
.903
.894
.891
.886
.885
.884
.880
.875
.869
.863
.856
.846
.843
.819
.818
.807
.797
.795
.792
.763
.759
.749
.745
.736
.697
14.5
16.2
16.7
31.8
28.4
20.8
10.3
12.8
19.1
17.5
11.3
19.9
16.8
16.6
20.0
20.5
12.7
17.1
19.9
20.7
13.4
11.7
14.6
14.7
10.4
14.8
0)22.8o
17.4
20.4
23.9
8.1
15.4
12.8
15.5
25.0
7.7
14
14
15
24
22
17
119
15
14
9
15
13
13
15
15
10
IS
15
15
10
119
11
118
0) 15
12
14
15
6
10
9
10
15
5
1Information not available.
Union workers in pie and pastry shops also had
comparatively low wage scales. One-quarter of
the workers had rates between 70 and 80 cents.
While rates for a third of them were $1.00 or more,
only 1 out o f every 30 workers had a pay scale of
$1.50 or more.
Among 22 cities, average rates ranged from 75
cents in Duluth up to $1.66 in San Francisco. The
Rock Island, Illinois D istrict,3 the next highest in
rank, showed an average rate o f $1.26. Hourly
rates were advanced 11 percent or more in all
cities except Detroit, South Bend, and Chicago.
In Detroit, the increase was only a fractional per
cent; in the other 2 cities, about 7 percent.
— Average union hourly wage rates as of July 1,
1947, and wage increases between July 1,1946, and July 1,
1947, for union workers in pie and pastry shops, by city
T able 10.
Average
rate per
hour July
1,1947
City
San Francisco, Calif............................
Rock Island, 111. (district) 1.................
Los Angeles, Calif................................
Indianapolis, Ind
Boston, M ass___
Toledo, Ohio____
__
_
__
Philadelphia, Pa...................................
New York, N. Y..................................
Cleveland, Ohio___
A ll cities ________________________
Worcester, Mass_________________
Detroit,
Mich___________________
Columbus, Ohio_ _ . __ ___
Omaha, Nebr __
.
_ ... __
Buffalo,
N. Y........................................
York, Pa
South
Bend,
Ind_________ _______
Providence, R. T
Chicago, Til .. ... ...
Baltimore, M d _ _
Diilnth, Minn
.....
1
. . . ..._ _
$1,658
1.263
1.219
1.122
1.021
.990
.979
.965
.957
.954
.926
.898
.896
.879
.875
.871
.848
.775
.767
.754
.745
Amount of increase July
1,1946 to July 1,1947
Percent
15.1
18.4
24.1
11.8
23.5
13.8
17.3
15.9
12.6
1M.0
10.6
.1
13.0
15.2
22.7
20.5
7.6
13.7
7.0
13.5
13.0
Cents per
hour
2
20
24
12
19
12
14
13
11
10
91
10
12
16
15
6
9
5
9
8
Includes Rock Island and Moline, HI., and Davenport, Iowa.
Straight-Time Weekly Hours
On July 1, 1947, a straight-time workweek of
40 hours was typical of bread and cake machine
shops, pie and pastry shops, and cracker and cooky
shops which together account for seven-tenths of
the union workers studied.
In Hebrew bake shops, the workweek for about
half of the workers was 48 hours, although a third
worked from 44 to 48 hours before receiving
premium overtime pay. In other national bake
shops the 48-hour workweek was most prevalent;
approximately half of the workers were on a
48-hour schedule while two-fifths were on 40
hours. W ider variations in straight-time weekly
hours were more apparent in the bread and cake
hand shops than in any other branch. Approxi
mately 40 percent of the workers in hand shops
averaged 48 hours; 25 percent, 40 hours; while
another 25 percent had a workweek ranging
between 40 and 44 hours.*
*Includes Rock Island and Moline, HI., and Davenport. Iowa.
6
No changes in hours were negotiated between
July 1, 1946 and July 1, 1947, for workers in the
cracker and cooky branch or in other national
bake shops. In Hebrew bake shops, hour de
creases affected less than 4 percent of the member
ship, and, in hand and machine bread and cake
T able 11.— Average weekly hours of union bakery workers,
by type of baking July 1, 1947
Percent of weekly hours—
Type of baking
All baking...................
Bread
andshops
cake: ......
Hand
Machine shops__
Pie and pastry............
Hebrew baking...........
Other national baking.
Cracker and cooky__
Not
Over
speci
Over
Under 40 40 and 44 44 and 48 fied in
union
under
40
under
con
44
48
tract
9.4
0.3
26.4 24.2 6.5 3.8 39.1
.4
.2
.7
4.0 92.7 2.0
95.9 4.1
30.4 49.1
6.8 13.7 '
48.3
6.5 40.5 4.7
98.2
1.8
2.6 78.9
5.1
1.1
2.7
shops hours were changed for only a negligible
number of workers.
Union Scales of Wages and Hours
by City and Occupation
Table 12 presents effective union scales of
wages per hour and hours per week as of July 1,
1947, and July 1, 1946, for each classification of
bakery workers, by type of baking, in each of the
69 cities included in the survey. In some cases,
two or more rates for the same classification in
the same city are shown. This occurs when two
different local unions have different scales for the
same classification, or a particular union may
have several agreements with different employers,
or both situations exist. All effective scales were
listed and the letters A, B, C, etc., were used to
designate the different quotations.
The se
quence of the letters does not indicate the rela
tive importance of the quotations or unions so
designated.
T able 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946
[Hours are the same for both years unless otherwise indicated]
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate
Rate Hours per
per per hour
hour week
ATLANTA, GA.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Mixers, ovenmen, doughnut-machine operators__ $1,150
Dividers, molders..................................................... 1.050
Checkers, wrapping-machine operators.................. . 1.050
Mixers’ and molders’ helpers.................................. . 1.000
Selectors.................................................................... .900
Bench hands, twisters, panners, oven loaders,
bread rackers, dumpers, machine catchers, pan
greasers, general helpers, women icers and
wrappers................................................................ .800
Packers..................................................................... . .750
Agreement B:
Mixers....................................................................... . .900
Ovenmen, loaders................................................... .. .750
. .700
Dumpers, enrobers, squeeze bagman (icers).
.650
Hand wrappers, packers, general helpers, woi . .650
Agreement C:
Bread department:
Foremen.......................................................
. 1.295
Dough mixers, ovenmen.............................
. 1.100
Dividers........................................... ...........
. 1.015
. .990
Dumpers......................................................
. .820
Bread rackers, oven helpers, pan greasers.
. .720
Cake department:
Foreman.......................................................
. 1.230
Mixers and ovenmen..................................
. 1.075
. .880
Supervisors............................................................. .780
Icers, checkers, wrappers, packers, cutters, cake
wrapping-machine operators........................... .. .730
Pan rackers and packers, less than 9 months__ . .730
Shipping department:
Shipping clerks.
. 1.100
Bread wrapping-machine operators................... . .965
Checkers, bun wrapping-machine operators___ . .940
Bread and bun wrapping-machine operators’
helpers............................................................... . .720
Bun trayers, hand wrappers............................... . .720
Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40 $1,000
40 .920
40 .900
40 .850
40 .750
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.700
.700
.800
.650
.600
.575
.550
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.175
1.000
.925
.900
.700
.650
1.120
.975
.800
.700
.650
.600
1.000
.875
.875
.650
.600
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate
Rate Hours per
per per hour
hour week
ATLANTA, GA.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement D:
Bread department:
Foremen............................................................... $1,295
Ovenmen, dough mixers..................................... 1.100
Dividers, molders, bench hands......................... 1.015
Benchmen and roll-machine operators.............. .990
Wrapping-machine operators............................. .965
Rackers................................................................ .770
.820
Oven loaders and dumpers................................. .940
Checkers..............................................................
Helpers, packers and slicers (women), wrappers’ .720
helpers, rackers, pan greasers, hand wrappers.
Mixers’ helpers.................................................... .770
Cake department:
Foremen............................................................... 1.230
Mixers, ovenmen................................................. 1.075
Scaling-machine operators.................................. .880
Ingredientmen..................................................... .880
Wrapping-machine operators............................. .730
Dumpers.............................................................. .670
Pan greasers, packers and icers (women), check
ers...................................................................... .730
Helpers................................................................. .730
Shipping department:
Shipping clerks.................................................... 1.100
Crackers and cookies:
Sponge mixing:
Head mixers............................................................ 1.250
Mixers.................................................................... 1.150
Mixers’ helpers....................................................... 1.000
Sweet mixing:
Head mixers........................................................... 1.250
Mixers..................................................................... 1.150
Mixers’ helpers....................................................... 1.000
Sponge baking:
Head bakers............................................................ 1.220
Machine captains.................................................. . 1.190
Bakers (including sweet baking)........................... 1.120
Rollermen.............................................................. . 1.080
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1.175
1.000
.925
.900
.875
(*)
.700
.850
.650
0)
1.120
.975
.800
0).650
.650
.650
0)
1.000
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.100
1.000
.850
1.100
1.000
.850
1.070
1.040
.970
.930
7
T able 12.—
Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
ly-jo—
Rate
Rate Hours
per per per
hour week hour
ATLANTA, GA.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Sweet baking:
Machine captains..................................................... $1,190
Ovenmen---.............................................................. 1.000
Dough feeders........................................................... .950
Pan cleaners and feeders.......................................... .950
Icing department:
Head mixers.............................................................. 1.175
Mixers’ helpers......................................................... 1.050
Base cake weighers. ................................................. 1.000
Machine set-up men................................................. .950
Supervisors (women)................................................ .920
Floormen................................................................... .900
Machine operators and all other women helpers__ .800
Packing department:
Supervisors, supplymen—....................................... 1.050
Pastemen.................................................................. 1.000
Wrapping-machine operators, machine set-up
men........................................................................ .950
Supervisors (women)............................................... .920
Floormen..................................... -......................... .900
Tally clerks (women)............................................... .890
Sponge packers, bundlers (women) ........................ .820
Sealers and weighers (women)................................. .810
Formers and stitchers, women wrapping-machine
operators. .............................................................. .800
Sweet packers, weighers and closers (women)........ .790
Shipping department:
Supervisors................................................................ 1.050
Assemblymen. ......................................................... 1.000
Car loaders................................................................ .950
Clerks........................................................................ .890
BALTIMORE, MD.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Dough mixers................................................... .......... 1.021
Journeymen bakers..................................................... .917
Helpers......................................................................... .792
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Bread department:
Mixers.................................................-................ 1.150
Ingredient scalers.................................................. 1.125
Bench hands.......................................................... 1.120
Oven operators (bread trays)............................... 1.150
Molder operators, divider operators.................... 1.025
Mixers’ helpers, oven dumpers and helpers, oven
feeders............... ±............................................... .925
Bread packers........................................................ .850
Bread
wrappers, machine.....................................
.950
Flour blenders-------------------------------------- .825
Bakery helpers (men and women)....................... .813
Bread wrappers (women)..................................... .855
Pan greasers.......................................................... .813
Cake and sweet department:
Mixers................................................................. 1.150
Ovenmen (first class)............................................ 1.115
Bench hands (men).............................................. 1.120
Cake decorators (men).......................................... 1.075
Ovenmen (second class)........................................ 1.050
Dividers (depositor operators)............................. 1.000
Icing mixers........................................................... 1.050
Cooky mixers........................................................ 1.050
Decorators (women)............................................. 1.075
Ingredient mixers.................................................. .925
Oven feeders.......................................................... .900
Cake packers......................................................... .875
Bench hands (women).......................................... .750
Bakers’ helpers...................................................... .813
Pan greasers, bakery helpers................................ .813
Cake icers (women).............................................. .725
Cake wrappers (women)...................................... .725
Packers.................................................................. .850
Agreement B:
Bread department:
Mixers, ovenmen.................................................. 1.140
Set-up men........................................................... 1.085
Dividermen........................................................... 1.040
Oven dumpers, dough scalers.............................. .965
Ovenmen’s helpers, coolermen, bake-shop
helpers................................................................ .890
Molders................................................................. .940
Pan greasers.......................................................... .890
Wrappers and slicers (men)................................. .815
Wrappers and slicers (women)............................. .700
787943—48-----2
40 $1,040
40 .850
40 .800
40 .800
40 1.025
40 .900
40 .850
40 .800
40 .770
40 .750
40 .650
40 .900
40 .850
40 .800
40 .770
40 .750
40 .740
40 .670
40 .660
40 .650
40 .640
40 .900
40 .850
40 .800
40 .740
48
48
48
.958
.854
.729
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.050
1.025
1.000
1.000
.925
.825
.750
.750
.723
.713
.675
.675
1.050
1.000
1.000
.975
.950
.900
.900
.900
.850
.825
.750
.775
.725
.713
.675
.650
.625
.622
40 1.040
40 .985
40 .940
40 .865
40 .790
40 .790
40 .700
40 .715
40 .625
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1GAA—
Rate
Rate Hours
per per per
hour week hour
BALTIMORE, MD.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement B—Continued
Cake department:
Mixers, ovenmen.................................................. $1,140
Icing makers.......................................................... 1.130
Ingredient scalers, dough scalers, sugar grinders.. .965
.890
Scalers’ helpers, oven dumpers............................ .865
Flour blenders....................................................... .800
Pan greasers, packers and shippers...................... .785
Tray and mold boys.............................................
Icers, wrappers (women)...................................... .700
Agreement C:
Bread and cake:
Working foremen.................................................. 1.320
Mixers.................................................................... 1.260
Peel-oven men....................................................... 1.190
Traveling-oven men.............................................. 1.170
Ingredient scalers.................................................. 1.140
Bench hands, machine operators......................... 1.100
Bread checkers...................................................... 1.040
Icers, bread wrappers, cake wrappers.................. 1.000
General help (men)............................................... .960
General help (women).......................................... .735
Agreement D:
Bread department:
Oven operators, dough mixers, shipping clerks.. 1.145
Doughnut-machine operators, bench hands......... 1.145
Ingredient scalers, oven feeders and dumpers,
mixers’ helpers, stock clerks, doughnut-room 1.045
men.....................................................................
All-round bench hands, molder operators, di 1.095
vider operators, wrapping-machine operators..
Pan rackers and greasers, molders’ helpers,
chute and bread packers, selectors and order .995
packers................. ........................ .....................
Pan washers, flour handlers................................. .945
Women helpers...................................................... .800
Agreement E:
Foremen, mixers....................................................... 1.125
Icers........................................................................... 1.125
Mixers’ helpers, scalers, ovenmen, icers’ helpers.. .800
Pan greasers and helpers.......................................... .700
Wrappers, foremen (women)................................... .800
Wrappers................................................................... .700
Pie and pastry:
Agreement A:
Mixers, machine operators, enrobing-machine .900
operators................................................................
Bench hands, fryers, miscellaneous yeast em .800
ployees...................................................................
Packers and wrappers (women), after 6 months... .700
Agreement B :
Doughnut-machine operators.................................. .950
Bakery helpers.......................................................... .800
Packers, (women).................................................... .670
BINGHAMTON, N. Y.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Bread
department:
1.150
Utilitymen................................................................
Tray-oven men and mixers..................................... 1.100
1.070
Checkers...................................................................
Benchmen, divider operators, traveling-oven 1.050
feeders and dumpers, molders...................... .Wrapping-machine operators........................... ...... 1.000
Flour handlers, mixers’ helpers.............. ............... .950
Cooler pick-up men, machine helpers................... .900
Pan greasers, women helpers................................... .770
Cake and cruller department:
Mixers.................................................................... . 1.100
Doughnut fryers...................................................... 1.100
Icing mixers, cake scalers, cruller box makers........ 1.000
Cleaning foremen, sugar grinders............................ .950
Loaders..................................................................... .900
.900
Kitchen helpers........................................................ .850
Helpers (general)
Cake finishers, icers, wrappersandpadkers'(women)„ .770
BIRMINGHAM, ALA.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Mixers....................................................................... .920
Head rolling-machine operators.............................. .770
Head ovenmen......................................................... .820
40 $1,040
40 1.030
40 .865
40 .790
40 .765
40 .700
40 .685
40 .625
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.200
1.140
1.070
1.050
1.020
.980
.920
.880
.840
.635
40 1.025
40 .975
40
40
.925
.975
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.875
.825
.700
.750
.675
.525
.450
.425
.400
40
40
40
40
40
40
.800
.700
.600
.850
.750
.600
40 1.000
40 .950
40 .920
40 .900
40 .850
40 .800
40 .750
40 .620
40 .950
40 .850
40 .850
40 .800
40 .750
40 .750
40 .700
40 .620
40
40
40
.800
.700
.675
— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
T able 12.
City and classification
July 1,,1947 July 1,
1946Bate Hours Bate
per per per
hour week hour
BIRMINGHAM, ALA.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
$0,720
Bolling-machine operators..............................
Utilitymen.......................................................
.670
.620
Pan greasers, bake-shop helpers.....................
.770
Dividers and molders......................................
Benchmen........................................................
.770
.646
Machine wrappers...........................................
Oven helpers....................................................
.795
.595
Shipping clerks and checkers.........................
Agreement B:
Mixers..............................................................
1.130
1.030
Dividers and ovenmen....................................
Molders............................................................
975
Wrapping-machine operators........................ .
.945
Feeders and dumpers, second ovenmen........
.960
.935
Packers, checkers.............................................
Pan greasers and bake-shop helpers...............
.830
Slicer feeders....................................................
.755
.855
Shippers.......................................................... .
Agreement C:
Bread department:
Head mixers.................................................
1.130
Head ovenmen............................................
1.095
1.065
Head machinemen, head benchmen..........
1.045
Mixers...........................................................
Ovenmen......................................................
1.005
.985
Head wrapping-machine operators...........
.975
Machinemen and benchmen......................
.895
Wrapping-machine operators.....................
.855
Shippers.......................................................
Bake-shop helpers, packers, pan greasers..
.830
Wrapping helpers........................................
.755
Cake department:
1.020
Mixers..........................................................
.995
Head ovenmen............................................
Ovenmen.....................................................
.945
Dumpers......................................................
.830
Machine operators.......................................
.960
.825
Mixers (fruit cake)......................................
.745
leers, wrappers, pan greasers......................
.855
Mixers-.........................................................
.775
Bakers and scalers.......................................
Packers, seal checkers, pan washers (fruit cake). .650
.605
Wrappers
Agreement
D: (fruit cake)...........................................
Bread department:
Mixers.................................................................. . 1.130
Ovenmen............................................................ . 1.095
Dividers and machinemen................................... 1.030
Molders and benchmen....................................... .975
Oven feeders and dumpers................................. .880
Helpers................................................................ .830
Flour dumpers..................................................... .780
Helpers:
Under 1 month................................................ .730
Over 1 month.................................................... .830
Cake department:
Ovenmen.............................................................. 1.095
Mixers.................................................................. 1.130
Dividermen and machinemen............................ 1.030
Icing mixers......................................................... 1.005
Sugar grinders...................................................... .880
Checkers and order fillers................................... .855
Head icers and wrapping-machine operators__ .840
Packers, oven feeders, dumpers.......................... .830
Helpers (under 1 month).................................... .730
Icers and wrappers:
Under 1 month................................................ . .645
Over 1 month................................................... . .745
Crackers and cookies:
Machine feeders.......................................................... . .810
Head mixers................................................................ . .935
Sponge peelers, sponge-oven bakers.......................... . .900
Marshmallow mixers................................................. . .855
Sweet-oven bakers, dough rollers, tray men, spongeoven helpers.......................................................... . .830
Stackers, machine feeders, sweet-oven helpers,
sponge peelers (1-6 months)............................... . .810
Wrapping-machine operators, greasers, checkers,
day stock checkers.................................................. . .805
Icing mixers, mixers* helpers, issue clerks.............. . .785
Sponge packers, large carton makers, large wafermachine operators, tray and pan dumpers, cold
. .735
room packers, stock helpers...........................
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40 $0,650
40 .630
40 .525
40 .625
40 .600
40 .525
40 .525
40 .525
40 1.060
.960
40 .905
40 .875
40 .810
40 .785
40
40 .760
40 .685
40 .785
40 1.060
40 1.025
40 .995
40 .975
40 .935
40 .915
.905
40 .825
40 .785
40
40 .760
40 .685
.950
40 .925
40 .875
40 .760
40 .810
40 .675
40
40 .675
40 .705
40 .625
.500
40
40 .455
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.060
1.025
.960
.905
.810
.760
.710
.660
.760
1.025
1.060
.960
.935
.810
.785
.770
.760
.660
.575
.675
.660
.785
.750
.705
.680
.660
.655
.635
40
.585
City and classification
July l ,1947 luly 1,
1946Bate Hours Bate
per
per per hour
hour week
BIRMINGHAM, ALA.—Continued
Crackers and Cookies—Continued
Machine helpers (men), other helpers (men), icing
mixers' helpers........................................................ . $0,700
Packers and bundlers................................................. .685
Stackers, learners (1-3 months), women helpers,
caddy and carton makers........................................ .655
Icers, finishers, packers, wrappers (women)............. .600
BOSTON, MASS.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Agreement A:
Bread and pastry:
Dough mixers................................................... 1.250
Ovenmen, bench hands................................... 1.150
Divider operators............................................. 1.150
Molders............................................................. 1.100
Bakers’ helpers................................................. 1.030
.970
Wrapping-machine operators, shippers..........
.825
Women helpers.................................................
Filling cooks.....................................................
.925
Agreement B:
Pie, bread, and pastry:
Foremen, second hands, mixers, cake decorators. .975
Head benchmen................................................... .953
Ovenmen.............................................................. .913
Frosting makers................................................... .871
Filling cooks......................................................... .819
Benchmen............................................................ .808
Shippers, cleaners and greasers, bread wrappingmachine operators............................................ .642
General helpers.................................................... .631
Frosters................................................................ .577
Agreement C:
Pie, bread, and pastry:
Foremen............................................................... 1.225
Ovenmen, dough mixers..................................... 1.125
Benchmen............................................................ 1.075
Frosters................................................................ .750
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
1.250
Dividermen.............................................................. 1.150
Mixers' helpers, ingredient scalers, moldermen, 1.100
ovenmen feeders..................................................
Flour blenders......................................................... 1.030
Floormen:
1-3 years............................................................... .970
After 3 years........................................................ 1.060
Molders' helpers, rackers, pan greasers................. 1.030
Packers and wrappers:
1-3 years............................................................... .970
After 3 years......................................................... 1.060
Agreement B:
Mixers...................................................................... 1.250
Ovenmen, machinemen.......................................... 1.150
Mixers’ and overmen's helpers, ingredient scalers. 1.100
1.100
Molder operators................................................
1.150
Benchmen..........................................................
Bakery helpers, pan greasers.............................. 1.030
Checkers and rackers:
.970
1-3 years.......................................................... .
After 3 years..................................................... 1.060
Bread only—Machine shops:
1.250
Mixers...................................................................
1.150
Divider operators..................................................
1.100
Mixers’ helpers......................................................
1.100
Molder operators...................................................
Ovenmen________ ____________ _______ ___
1.150
Wrapping-machine operators:
.970
1-3 years..............................................................
After 3 years....................................................... . 1.060
Benchmen, benchwomen...................................... . 1.150
Bakery helpers...................................................... . 1.030
Wrapping-machine helpers, packers:
1-3 years.............................................................. . .970
After 3 years...................................................... . 1.060
Stockmen, flour dumpers...................................... . 1.030
Roll packers, strippers, and baggers:
1-3 years.............................................................. . .970
After 3 years..................................................... . 1.060
Cake only—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Mixers.............................— .............................. . 1.220
Ovenmen............................................................ . 1.170
40 $0,550
40 .535
40 .505
40 .600
48 1.083
48 .875
48 .771
48 .771
48 .729
48 .729
48 .625
48 .771
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.875
.853
.813
.771
.719
.708
.542
.531
.477
40 1.115
40 .969
40 .906
40 .635
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.130
1.010
.960
.925
.910
0).875
.925
(0
1.063
.975
.938
.975
.928
.868
0)
(l)
1.050
.950
.920
.910
.900
.880
0).870
.830
.775
0).725
.650
0)
40 1.050
40 1.020
9
T able
12.—
Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
BOSTON, MASS.—Continued
Cake only—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
.$1,100
Ingredient scalers.......................................
. 1.080
Scalers.........................................................
. .970
Helpers.......................................................
Packers, icers, wrappers, women helpers:
. .740
Under 1 year...........................................
. .780
1-3 years..................................................
. .820
After 3 years...........................................
Agreement B:
. 1.150
Mixers........................................................
. 1.150
Icing mixers...............................................
. 1.150
Ovenmen. _.................................................
. 1.050
Shippers.....................................................
. 1.000
Ingredient scalers.......................................
Helpers:
. .850
1-2 months..............................................
. .900
After 2 months........................................
. .850
Table heads................................................
Wrappers, women:
. .700
First 2 months........................................
After 2 months........................................
. .750
Shippers’ helpers:
. .850
First month............................................
. .900
Second month.........................................
. .900
3-6 months..............................................
. .900
After 6 months........................................
Pie and pastry:
Agreement A:
. 1.130
Ovenmen....................................................
1.130
Soft-pie-oven men, mixers.........................
. 1.100
Oven firemen..............................................
1.030
Flour handlers............................................
. .950
Helpers.......................................................
Agreement B:
1.125
Ovenmen, bench hands.............................
. .825
Wrappers and frosters...............................
. .925
Helpers.......................................................
Hebrew shops:
Foremen.........................................................
. 1.874
1.737
Second hands.................................................
1.599
Third hands...................................................
Crackers and cookies:
Dog food department:
1.125
Machine captains, mixers..........................
. 1.100
Bakers.........................................................
1.095
Reliefmen...................................................
.975
Bakers’
helpers..........................................
Floormen....................................................
. .910
Kibblers......................... ............................
.940
. 1.050
Dough feeders............................................
Pan feeders.................................................
. .940
Packing department:
. 1.010
Floormen....................................................
. .795
Dog food packers.......................................
. .805
Handlers of broken and rejected goods.._
Shipping department:
. 1.100
Light shippers............................................
. 1.065
Car checkers...............................................
1.040
Hand car loaders........................................
. 1.045
Car assemblers...........................................
. 1.000
Car loaders.................................................
Stock clerks...............................................
. .980
. 1.015
Assemblers, shippers.................................
. .980
Stockmen....................................................
BUFFALO, N. Y.
Bread and cake—Hand and semimachine shops:
Day work:
Oven hands and mixers............................................ 1.275
Bench hands.............................................................. 1.220
Helpers and pan greasers.......................................... .965
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Foremen.................................................................. .. 1.480
Oven hands and mixers_____________________ . 1.420
Bench hands............................................................ . 1.360
Scalers and machine operators................................. 1.280
Ingredientmen........................................................... 1.220
Packers and checkers................................................ 1.170
Oven dumpers........................................................... 1.160
Molders (women)...................................................... 1.130
Helpers and pan greasers, flour dumpers and
blenders (women).................................................. 1.100
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946,
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$0,920
.920
.790
0)
0)
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
48
48
48
.950
.938
.938
.888
.813
*.850
*.663
*.550
1.749
1.612
1.474
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.875
.850
.845
.755
.685
.685
.800
.715
.750
.570
.570
.875
.840
.815
.790
.775
.755
.790
.705
(')
1.000
.955
.950
.880
.860
0).780
.700
.550
.600
.680
.730
.780
.880
40 1.105
40 1.060
40 .840
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.150
1.105
1.060
.990
0).840
.880
<9
.840
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour 9week hour
BUFFALO, N. Y.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
Machine operators........................................
$1,070
Bread and pan stackers................................
1.070
Icers and wrappers (women)........................
.870
Agreement B:
Bread:
1.293
Mixers.................................................................... 1.180
Traveling-oven men.............................................. 1.155
Assemblymen........................................................ 1.130
Dividermen, bench hands.................................... 1.110
Machine and moldermen..................................... 1.080
Oven feeders and dumpers, oven helpers (men). 1.005
Checkers................................................................ 1.000
Bench helpers (men)............................................. .990
Wrapping-machine operators............................... 1.005
Wrapping and slicing helpers, flour handlers
utilitymen, packers............................................ .965
Coolermen.............................................................. .940
Pan greasers........................................................... .940
Cake department
Foremen................................................................ 1.293
Mixers.................................................................... 1.180
Assemblymen, traveling-oven men...................... 1.155
Scalers.................................................................... 1.100
Fried-cake-machine men....................................... 1.045
Wrapping-machine operators............................... 1.005
Oven helpers........................................................ 1.005
Foremen (women)................................................. .985
Pan greasers........................................................... .940
Pie-machine boys (after 6 months)...................... .870
Machine helpers.................................................... .980
Cake decorators (women)..................................... .790
Icers, packers, wrappers, pie-machine operators
(women).............................................................. .770
Agreement C:
Bread:
Working foremen................................................... 1.293
Mixers.................................................................... 1.180
Ovenmen............................................................... 1.155
Assemblymen....................................................... 1.130
Dividermen, bench hands.................................... 1.110
Machine and moldermen...................................... 1.080
Mixers’ helpers...................................................... 1.030
Assembly helpers.................................................. 1.005
Oven feeders and dumpers................................... 1.005
Checkers-.............................................................. 1.000
Wrapping-machine operators, bench helpers___
Wrapping-machine helpers, coolermen, flour .990
handlers, packers.............................................. .965
Pan greasers and helpers___________________ .940
Cake:
Mixers, cake and icing.......................................... 1.170
Icing machine operators (women)_...................... .805
Ovenmen................................................................ 1.130
Depositors.............................................................. 1.090
General helpers...................................................... .940
Foremen (women)................................................. .970
Pan greasers
.960
Icers, packers, wrappers (women)........................ .760
Rollette department:
Mixers.................................................................... 1.120
Mixer helpers......................................................... .970
Jam cooker............................................................. .980
Foremen (women)................................................. .970
Pan washers........................................................... .940
Wrappers, rollers and boxers (women)................ .760
Agreement D:
Mixers and ovenmen________ ______ _____ ___ 1.200
Cake decorators........................................................ 1.180
Assemblymen, fried-cake-machine operators_____ 1.130
Dividermen, bench hands, receiving department
foremen.................................................................. 1.110
Moldermen, peelmen............................................... 1.080
Receiving department helpers................................ 1.050
Mixers’ helpers, doughnut fryers, icing-machine
operators, packers.................................................. 1.030
Wrapping-machine operators................................. 1.010
Bench helpers, cookie-machine operators, oven
helpers, flour sifters and blenders........................ .990
Bake-shop helpers, flour sifters, blenders’ helpers,
doughnut fillers, washing-machine operators___ .940
Icers, wrappers, and packers (women)................... .770
Agreement E:
Male workers............................................................ 1.050
* 48-hour week on July 1.1946.
40 $0,950
40 .810
40 .675
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.173
1.060
1.035
1.010
.990
.960
.875
.870
.860
.860
.835
.835
.810
1.173
1.060
1.035
.980
.925
.885
0).855
.810
.750
.875
.650
.630
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.173
1.060
1.035
1.010
.990
.960
.910
.885
.875
.870
.860
.835
.810
1.035
.665
.990
.970
.830
.820
.810
.620
.985
.830
.830
.820
.810
.620
1.050
1.030
.980
.960
.930
.900
.880
.860
.830
.780
.600
.950
10
T a b l e 12.—
Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Bate Hours Bate
per per per
hour week hour
BUFFALO, N. Y.—Continued
Pie and pastry:
Doughnuts:
$1,045
Machine operators...........................................
.825
Packers and wrappers (women).................... .
Floorladies........................................................
.905
Polish and Hebrew shops:
1.450
First hands......................................................
1.350
Second hands..................................................
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Mixing department:
1.345
Head mixers.................................................
Sponge mixers........................................................ 1.260
Sponge helpers....................................................... 1.160
Flour dumpers....................................................... 1.100
Baking department:
Machine captains, mixers..................................... 1.260
Peelers.................................................................... 1.220
Bakers, traveling and reel-ovens.......................... 1.190
Cuttermen............................................................. 1.170
Sponge rollermen................................................... 1.160
Sponge drawmen................................................... 1.120
Oven firemen......................................................... 1.190
Bollermen.............................................................. 1.100
Pan feeders and greasers....................................... 1.090
Stackers.................................................................. 1.040
Spray-machine operators, oven feeders and
takers-out............................................................ 1.040
Icing department:
Head mixers........................................................... 1.345
Machinemen, mixers’ helpers............................... 1.160
Working supervisors (women)............................. .990
Machine operators................................................. .900
Packers, feeders, handlers (women).....................
Warehouse and assembly department:
Division heads....................................................... 1.140
Assemblymen........................................................ 1.120
Packing department:
Assistant foremen.................................................. 1.180
Checkers and truckers.......................................... .940
Supervisors (working).......................................... .990
Sponge packers, clerks.......................................... .940
Carton formers, machine...................................... .900
.940
Bepack girls___________________ ____-......... .920
Hand bundlers....................................................
Scalers, weighers, filling-machine operators, “Q”
formers and stitchers, hand-carton formers,
machine operators, carton closers..................... .890
.910
Sweet
packers........................................................
Loading
foremen................................................... 1.300
Assemblers, car loaders....................................... 1.120
Agreement B:
Mixing department:
Head mixers......................................................... 1.200
Sponge mixers.—................................................. 1.120
Sweet mixers........................................................ 1.090
Mixers’ helpers..................................................... 1.060
Flour dumpers..................................................... .970
Baking department:
Machine captains................................................. 1.190
Peelers................................................................... 1.150
Beel-oven bakers............................................... 1.120
Cuttermen............................................................ 1.100
Sponge rollermen................................................. 1.090
Traveling-oven unloaders, sponge drawmen,
reel-oven take-out men..................................... 1.050
Traveling-oven loaders........................................ 1.000
Pan feeders and greasers, general helpers............ .970
Towermen......................... ................................. .880
Stackers (women)................................................ .870
Scrap girls............................................................. .820
Icing and cello-bag department:
Head mixers......................................................... 1.120
Machine set-up men............................................ 1.050
Paper cutters, icing mixers’ helpers................... 1.030
Machinemen........................................................ 1.000
Checkers, truckers, general helpers (men)......... .970
Working supervisors (women)............................ .920
Packers and feeders (women)............................. .820
General helpers.................................................... .780
Packing department:
Checkers, truckers (men).................................... .970
Working supervisors............................................ .920
$0,840
.675
0)
1.300
1.200
40 1.045
40 .965
40 .905
40 .815
40 1.035
40 .995
40 .965
40 .945
40 .935
40 .895
40 .865
40 .875
40 .815
40 .715
40 .815
40 .965
40 .815
40 .755
40 .675
40 .665
40 .885
40 .865
40 .955
40 .815
40 .765
40 .715
40 .675
40 .665
40 .675
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
.665
.665
1.075
40 1.045
40 .965
40 .935
40 .905
40 .815
40 1.035
40 .995
40 .965
40 .945
40 .935
40 .895
40 .845
40 .815
40 .725
40 .715
40 .665
40 .965
40 .895
40 .875
40 .845
40 .815
40 .755
40 .665
40 .625
40 .815
40 .765
City and classification
July 1,1947 j uly 1,
1946Bate !Hours Bate
per per per
hour week hour
BUFFALO, N. Y.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Agreement B—Continued
Packing department—Continued
Sponge packers...................................................... $0,870 40 $0,715
Hand bundlers and carton formers (machine
table)................................................................. .830
40 .675
Sweet packers, carton formers (hand), “Q” formers,
cover stitchers, repack girls, breakage girls....... .820 40 .665
40 .625
General helpers (men).......................................... .970
Warehouse department:
Beceiving clerks....................................................... . 1.100 40 .945
Paper stockmen; general assemblymen.................. . 1.020 40 .865
CHARLOTTE, N. C.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Bread:
Foremen................................................................ . 1.000 40 1.000
40 .850
Mixers......................................... 1........................ .950
Head ovenmen.................................................... . . .850 40 .850
Ovenmen_________ ____ ________________ .750 40 .750
Helpers:
40 .550
First 3 months................................................... .650
After 3 months.................................................. .700 40 .600
40 .775
Machinemen....................................................... .875
Wrapping-machine operators............................. . .850 40 .750
Hand wrappers and machine helpers:
First 3 months.................................................. .650 40 .550
After 3 months.................................................. . .700 40 .600
Cake:
Foremen............................................................... . 1.000 40 1.000
Mixers............................ ..................................... . .950 40 .850
Oven loaders and dumpers................................. . .750 40 .650
Helpers:
First 3 months.................................................. . .650 40 .550
After 3 months................................................. . .700 40 .600
Ovenmen.............................................................. . .850 40 .850
Machinemen........................................................ . .850 40 .750
Foremen (women)............................................... . .800 40 .700
leers, wrappers, and box makers:
40 .500
First 2 months.................................................. _ .600
40 .550
3-4 months. ..................................................... _ .650
40 .600
After 4 months................................................. . .700
.650
40 ».625
Experienced icers................................................ _ .750
40
Pan washers and greasers................................... . .725
Shipping department:
Shipping clerks.................................................... . .950 40 .850
Checkers and packers......................................... _ .750 40 .650
Freight handlers and stock helpers.................... .. .800 40 .700
Agreement B:
Mixers, oven operators, doughnut-machine oper
.. 1.080 40 .950
ators..
Dividers, roll-machine operators, depositor oper
ators, wrapping-machine operators.................... 1.030 40 .900
Scalers, molder operators, stockmen, mixers’
.980
40 .850
helpers.......................................................
.. .880 40 .750
Oven loaders and dumpers..........................
.. .800 40 .700
Production employees, cake icers, hand__
- .750
40 .650
General bakery helpers.............................
Shipping department:
.. .930 40 .800
Shipping and receiving clerks..................
.. .880
40 .750
Selectors....... .............................................
CHARLESTON, W. YA.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Mixers No. 1.
.. 1.270
48 1,150
ators, shipping clerks...........
.. 1.120 48 1,000
Proof box operators.................
- 1.070 48 .950
Bakers’ helpers, first class___
- 1.020
48 .900
Molders..................................
.. .920
48 .800
Bakers’ helpers, second class..
.. .870
48 .750
Dividers (female)....................
1.120 48 .750
tent B:
1.220 48 1,100
Dough mixers...........................
1.220 48 1.000
Sponge mixers..........................
1.050 48 .900
Divider operators.....................
1.040 48 .900
Ovenmen..................................
- 1.120 48 .850
Wrapping-machine operators..
3 Information not available for hours per week on July 1,1946.
11
T able
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
12
City and classification
July 1., 1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
CHARLESTON, W. VA.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement B—Continued
Bread—Continued
Dough panners, feeders........................................ $0,900
Greasers................................................................. .850
Shipping clerk....................................................... 1.020
Agreement C:
Bread:
Mixers No. 1......................................................... 1.270
Mixers No. 2, dividermen, wrapping-machine
operators, shipping clerks................................. 1.120
Proof box operators............................................... 1.070
Bakers’ helpers, first class..................................... 1.020
Molders................................................................. .920
Bakers’ helpers; second class, bread panners and
rackers, helpers; second class, wrappers—....... .870
Dividers (women)................................................ 1.120
Cake:
Oven helpers, No. 1.............................................. 1.020
Oven helpers, No. 2.............................................. .920
Bakers’ helpers, No. 1, cake icers, No. 1............. .820
Bakers’ helpers, No. 2, cake icers, No. 2............. .720
Cake wrappers..................................................... .620
Floating relief, No. 1............................................. .870
Floating relief, No. 2............................................. .770
CHICAGO, ILL.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Retail—Bread:
First hands............................................................... 1.460
Second hands............................................................ 1.410
Retail—Bread and cake:
First hands or spongers, ovenmen.......................... 1.460
Second hands...........................................................
Third hands (24-36 months)................................... 1.410
1.260
Third hands:
6-24 months......................................................... .950
First 6 months..................................................... .760
Wholesale—Bread:
First hands, mixers, ovenmen, spongers................. 1.350
Second hands, bench or machine hands, molders
or dividers............................................................. 1.300
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Bread only:
Agreement A:
Ingredient scalers.................................................. 1.410
Ovenmen............................................................... 1.250
Traveling-oven feeders and dumpers, soft-roll 1.300
scaling-machine men, bench hands.................. 1.250
Dividermen..........................................................
1.250
Mixers................................................................... 1.300
Dough dumpers, molders.................................... 1.150
Bake-shop helpers:
First 90 days......................................................
After 90 days..................................................... .930
Sorters_________________________________ 1.040
.940
Agreement B:
1.410
Ingredient scalers.................................................. 1.250
Dividermen:.................................................... 1.250
Soft-roll scaling-machine operators, travelingoven dumpers...................................................
Dough dumpers.................................................... 1.250
1.150
Bake-shop helpers................................................ . 1.040
Helpers.................................................................. . .930
Cake only:
Agreement A:
Working foremen................................................. . 1.410
Mixers................................................................... . 1.300
Scalers, cake and yeast oven feeders and dumpers,
cooky-machine operators.................................. . 1.250
Bench hands......................................................... . 1.250
Helpers:
First 90 days...................................................... . .930
After 90 days..................................................... . .930
General bakery helpers, pan washing-machine
helpers, pan greasing-machine helpers,
shipping-room helpers.................................... .930
Women employees:
Foreladies........................................................... .940
Icers.................................................................. .. .870
Dough handlers............................................... .. .870
1 Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
48 $0,750
48 .700
48 .900
48 1,150
48 1,000
48 .950
48 .900
48 .800
48 .750
48 .750
48 .900
48 .800
48 .700
48 .600
48 .500
48 .750
48 .650
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
40
40
>1.310
>1.262
>1.309
>1.261
>.961
0)
0)
1.180
1.130
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.205
1.100
1.050
1.000
1.050
1.100
1.000
.780
.890
.780
1.205
1.100
1.050
1.000
1.000
.890
.780
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.240
1.120
1.070
1.070
.810
.900
40
40
40
40
.900
.820
.750
.750
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
CHICAGO, ILL.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Cake only—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
Women employees—Continued
Machine feeders................................................. $0,820
Wrappers, packers, box workers, miscellaneous. .820
Unskilled......................................................... .750
Skilled, experienced........................................ .870
Skilled, inexperienced.................................... .820
Agreement B:
Cake mixers, icing mixers, ovenmen, first scalers,
doughnut mixers, head cookers............................ 1.300
Ingredientmen.......................................................... 1.300
Mixers’ helpers, oven helpers, second scalers......... 1.040
Dumpers, truckers................................................... 1.040
Women employees:
First month......................................................... .700
After 30 days......................................................... .750
After 6 months...................................................... .800
After 1 year............................................................ .850
Pie and pastry:
Pie shops:
Ingredientmen, ovenmen, cooks, dough mixers— 1.070
Dough breakers, fruit mixers, servicemen, helpers. .870
Pie-machine operators.. ......................................... .790
Toppers, wrappers, cream-pie fillers, cake icers,
fruit cleaners, women helpers, plate washers,
sorters, inspectors:
Rate A................................................................... .550
Rate B................................................................... .720
Doughnut shops:
Doughnut and chocolate enrobing-machine
operators.............................................................. 1.100
Mixers....................................................................... 1.050
Foremen (women).................................................. . .820
Helpers (women):
Starting rate......................................................... .600
After 1 month.................................................... . .650
After 6 months...................................................... .700
After 1 year and wrappers.................................. . .770
Hebrew shops:
Foremen or first hands.............................................. . 1.800
Second hands............................................................... 1.733
Third hands............................................................... . 1.489
Bohemian shops—Bread:
Small shops—Hand:
First hands............................................................... 1.396
Second hands.......................................................... . 1.333
Large shops—
1.650
Fust hands.
1.575
Second hands-----Italian shops:
Hand shops:
1.120
First-class bakeries, without insurance...
1.079
Second-class bakeries, without insurance.
Machine shops:
1.320
First-class bakeries, with insurance.........
1.270
Second-class bakeries, with insurance___
Polish shops:
Retail shops:
Day work:
1.563
Foremen, spongers..............................
1.438
Second hands......................................
Wholesale shops:
Day work:
1.669
Foremen, spongers.............................
1.544
Second hands......................................
Machine shops:
Day work:
1.350
Foremen, spongers..............................
1.300
Second hands......................................
South-side shops:
1.500
Foremen, spongers.................................
Second minds........................................ .
1.375
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Men employees:
1.050
First mixers............................................
.900
Second mixers—.....................................
Other men helpers:
.700
First 2 months....................................
.750
3-12 months....................................... .
.800
1-2 years..............................................
.820
Over 2 years........................................
* 48-hour week on July 1,1946.
40 $0,720
40 .650
40 .650
40 .720
40 .720
40 1.120
40 1.120
40 .960
40 .850
40 .500
40 .700
40
40 0).770
40 1.020
40 .820
40 .740
40
40
.500
.670
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
45
1.025
.975
.750
.550
.600
.650
.700
>1.562
>1.500
>1.271
48
48
40
40
1.250
1.188
1.500
1.425
48 1.058
48 .995
40 1.220
40 1.145
48 1.375
48 1.250
48 1.481
48 1.356
40
40
48
48
1.300
1.200
1.375
1.248
40 1.050
40 .900
40 .700
40 .750
40 .800
40 .820
12
T able
12.—
Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 o/nd July 1,1946 — Continued
City and classification
July 1, 1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
CHICAGO, ILL.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
Women employees:
First 2 months.........................................
$0,600
3-12 months..............................................
.650
1-2 years...................................................
.700
Over 2 years.............................................
.750
Foreladies................................................
.800
Agreement B:
Sponge-mixing department:
Mixers......................................................
1.200
Mixers* helpers........................................
1.100
General helpers........................................
.900
Sponge-baking department:
Machine captains....................................
1.330
Peelers-in..................................................
1.270
Rollermen................................................
1.240
Draw boys...............................................
1.100
Stackers....................................................
1.050
Sweet-mixing department:
1.250
Mixers......................................................
Mixers* helpers........................................
1.150
Sweet-baking department:
Ovenmen..................................................
1.250
Machinemen........................ ..................
1.150
Ovenmen*s helpers..................................
1.100
Pan feeders and greasers.........................
.930
Machinemen............................................
1.100
1.200
Mixers......................................................
.800
Packers................................................... .
Machine feeders......................................
.800
Packing and wrapping department:
Machinemen.......................................... .
1.100
Fiber-case stitchers (male)......................
.950
1.000
Fiber-case scalers.....................................
Sponge packers, under 16-oz. carton___
.900
Sponge packers, 16-oz. carton and over..
.850
. .850
Sweet packers, cartons............................
Sweet packers, caddies............................
. .800
Bag fillers, dump pack...........................
.750
Packers....................................................
. .750
Carton and caddy formers (women)___
. .850
Sweet packers, pans__________ ____
. .900
Fillers, cellophane............................ .
. .850
Glassine packers (women).....................
. .800
Agreement C:
Machinemen
. 1.090
Head mixers......................................................... . .990
Packers................................................................. . .850
Head sample girls................................................ . .825
Stitchers (women), cellophane packers, stickers,
sample helpers, trolley packers....................... . .780
Packing department:
Stacking-machine captains:
First 3 months.................................................. . .865
Next 3 months.................................................. - 1.090
After 6 months................................................. . 1.190
Wrapping-machine operators............................. . 1.040
Scalers (men)....................................................... . .940
General helpers.................................................... . .890
Carton formers.................................................... . .860
Bundlers, sponge packers................................... . .860
Sweet packers.............. ...................................... . .820
Women carton and caddy stitchers................... . .780
Receiving department:
Floor unloaders.................................................... - 1.060
Order fillers and stockmen.................................. . 1.020
Receiving clerks................................................... - 1.015
Paper cutters and sugar grinders........................ . .965
Shipping department:
Head shipping clerk............................................ . 1.240
Men-in-charge, commission department............ . 1.140
Men-in-charge, wholesale department............... . 1.090
Order fillers.......................................................... . .990
Stockmen.............................................................. . .940
Agreement D:
Sponge- and sweet-mixing department:
Mixers (sponge)................................................... . 1.195
Mixers (sweet)................................................... . 1.195
Mixers’ helpers (sponge and sweet)................... . 1.115
General helpers (sponge and sweet)................... . .980
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40 $0,600
40 .650
40 .700
40 .750
40 .800
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.080
1.030
.810
1.170
1.130
1.080
.935
.835
1.080
1.030
1.010
.960
.935
.760
.960
.910
.670
.670
.930
.910
.910
.730
.730
.690
.690
.675
.650
.650
.690
.675
.650
40
40
40
40
40
.950
.850
.710
.685
.640
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.725
1.050
1.050
.900
.800
.750
.720
.720
(9.640
.920
.880
.875
.825
1.100
1.000
.950
.850
.800
40 1.055
40 1.055
40 1.005
40 .870
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
CHICAGO, ILL.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Agreement D—Continued
Sponge, and sweet-baking department:
$1,285
Machinemen.......................................
1.245
Machinemen (sweet)...........................
1.245
Peelers (sponge)...................................
1.195
Rollermen.............................................
1.125
Ovenmen (sweet)..............................
1.050
Head ovenmen (sweet)........................
1.075
Oven relievers.......................................
1.020
Oven helpers (sweet and sponge)........
.930
Stackers (sponge)..................................
Pan feeders and greasers (sweet).........
.930
General helpers.....................................
.820
Icing department:
1.295
Assistant foremen.................................
1.125
Machinemen........................................
Mixers....................................................
1.075
.825
Packers..
.765
Cello-baggers and makers.
.755
Machine
feeders.
hine fee
.705
Machine girls.......................................
Sponge- and sweet-packing department:
.865
Floor boys............................................
.845
Packers (sponge).................................
.825
Packers (sweet)...................................
.765
Cello baggers.......................................
.705
Floor girls............................................
Wrapping and bundling department:
1.060
Machinemen......................................
.845
Bundlers............................................
.725
Feeders.................................................
Carton and caddy forming:
.775
Women employees..............................
CINCINNATI, OHIO
Bread and cake—hand shops:
1.480
Foremen, first hands..........................................
1.361
Bakers................................................................
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
1.375
Foremen or first hands...................................
Ovenmen, mixers, doughnut mixers, icing mixers..
Ingredient scalers, bench or machine hands........... 1.293
1.230
Machine-wrapping operators............................... — 1.130
Stockroom receiving clerks, head shippers............. 1.090
Utility helpers.......................................................... .900
Pan greasers, machine.............................................. 1.050
Pan washing-machine operators, stockroom
helpers, packers and shippers............................... .950
Foremen (women)....... ................... ........................ .920
Chutemen and machine helpers, bread wrappingmachine helpers.................................................... .910
leers, icing-machine operators, doughnut helpers,
cake wrapping-machine helpers, women utility
helpers................................................................. .840
Agreement B:
Foremen or first bakers............................................ 1.450
Ovenmen, mixers...................................................... 1.355
Bench hands. ........................................................... 1.280
Crackers and cookies:
Head mixers, cutting-machine operators.................. 1.250
Reel-oven operators..................................................... 1.200
Machine set-up captains, peelers.......... .................... 1.170
Upright and brake rollermen, mixers (baking and
icing), band ovenmen....................................... — 1.150
Assistant cutting-machine operators, marshmallowdepositor operators, receiving clerks, truck ship
ping clerks, assistant reel-oven operators, inspec
tors, checker captains............ .................................. 1.110
Assistant mixers, order checkers, spray-machine
operators, auto-brake operators............................... 1.045
Small power truck operators, repairmen, marsh
mallow beaters, order fillers, flour dumpers, ware
house storekeepers............ ..................................... 1.005
Sirup mixers, enrober helpers, grinding mill opera
tors, slotting-machine operators, order chasers,
car packers, cheese and fig grinders, spray-machine
cleaners, shortening weighers. ................................ . .965
Women employees:
Captains........... ...................................................... . . .950
Inspectors, box tapers, oven tenders, packers, in. .900
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1.145
1.105
1.105
1.055
.985
.940
.935
.910
.820
.820
.710
1.155
.985
.935
.685
.625
.615
.595
.755
.705
.685
.625
.595
.920
.705
.615
.635
42 1.340
42 1.221
40 1.235
1.153
40
40 1.090
40 .990
40 .950
40 .760
40 .910
40 .810
40 .780
40 .770
40
48
48
48
40
40
4040
.700
1. Ill
1.029
.966
1.100
1.050
1.020
1.000
40
40
.960
.895
40
.855
40
40
40
.815
.800
.750
13
— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
T able 12.
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
CINCINNATI, OHIO—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Women employees—Continued
Machine operators (class B), breakers (stackers),
variable scalers, dump fillers, bundlers, maga
zine feeders, machine feeders, stock clerks, nest
ing makers............................................................. $0,850
Carton weighers, general helpers, supply girls,
carton handlers and assemblers, machine help
ers and machine operators (class C), scrap
pickers................................................................ .800
CLEVELAND, OHIO
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
First hands................................................................... 1.375
Second hands............................................................... 1.315
Male bake-shop helpers and shipping clerks............. 1.020
Women, all classes....................................................... .720
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Ovenmen, mixers, ingredientmen, cake decorators. 1.250
Bench or machine hands......................................... 1.200
Mixers’ helpers, oven feeders, helpers and dump
ers, wrapping and slicer adjusters, doughnutmachine operators, open-kettle fryers................. 1.100
Bake-shop helpers, shipping-room helpers, bread
wrappers and slicers.............................................. 1.000
Agreement B:
Working foremen...................................................... 1.430
Ovenmen, mixers, ingredientmen, cake decorators. 1.330
Bench and machine hands....................................... 1.300
Oven helpers, mixers’ helpers, bread and cake
wrapping and slicing adjusters............................. 1.180
Bake-shop helpers, shipping-room helpers............. 1.100
Floormen (women).................................................. 1.130
Baker porters, panners and make-up, workers
(women)............................................................... .930
leers (women)........................................................... .830
General helpers (women)......................................... .780
Pie and pastry:
Dough mixers, ovenmen............................................. 1.250
Fruit cookers.............................................................. 1.150
Dough cutters............................................................. 1.050
Bake-shop helpers....................................................... 1.000
Machine girls...............................................................
Wrapper girls............................................................... .820
.750
Hebrew bakeries:
First hands................................................................... 1.711
Second hands............................................................... 1.600
Cake bakers’ helpers................................................... 1.178
Bohemian shops:
First hands_________________________________ 1.375
Second hands............................................................... 1.313
Crackers and cookies:
Mixers, ovenmen, peelers, cracker ovenmen.............. 1.150
Machinemen............................................................ . 1.100
Cake-oven helpers, mixers* helpers, rollers................ 1.000
Bake-shop helpers.............. ........................................ .950
All other helpers (women).......................................... .700
COLUMBUS, OHIO
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Working foremen..................................................... 1.400
Mixers.............................................. ........................ 1.250
Oven feeders.......... ......................... ........................ 1.150
Checkers, bench and machinemen, wrappers........ 1.120
Stockmen................................................................. 1.020
Wrapping helpers, pan greasers, flour blenders, etc. 1.000
Agreement B:
Foremen:
Bread department.................... —........................ 1.400
Wrapping department..................... ................... 1.350
Mixers, ovenmen.................................................... 1.250
Oven feeders and dumpers............................. ........ 1.150
Divider and molder operators and bun-machine
operators, benchmen, machine operators, set-up. 1.120
Wrapping-machine helpers, packers, oven helpers,
bake-shop helpers, extra helpers........................... 1.000
Agreement C:
Mixers, ovenmen. ................................................... 1.250
Oven feeders and dumpers................ ................. 1.150
Bench and machine operators, checkers, wrappingmachine operators (set-up).................................. 1.120
1 Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40 $0,700
40
.650
48 1.250
48 1.190
48 0)
48 .650
40 1.120
40 1.070
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
45
48
48
40
40
40
40
40
1.000
.900
8 1.300
3 1.200
31.170
3 1.050
3 1.000
3 1.000
3.850
3.750
3.700
1.120
1.050
.950
.900
.720
.650
1.622
1.511
1.088
1.250
1.188
1.020
.970
.900
.850
.600
40 1.250
40 1.080
40 1.000
40 .980
40 .900
40 .880
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.250
1.200
1.080
1.000
.980
.880
1.080
1.000
.980
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
COLUMBUS, OHIO—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement C—Continued
Bake-shop helpers, bread rackers, packers, flour
blenders................................................................. $1,000
Women rackers, packers (buns).............................. 1.000
Agreement D:
Bread department:
Mixers, oven operators......................................... 1.240
Mixers* helpers, oven loaders and unloaders, divi
ders, divider operators and molder operators... 1.110
Pan rack washers.................................................. .940
Roll department:
Mixers, oven operators......................................... 1.240
Machinemen and ingredient scalers, wrappingmachine operators.............................................. 1.110
Branch leaders and shippers................................ 1.040
Ingredient scalers.................................................. 1.110
Roll panners.......................................................... .990
Hand icers and wrappers...................................... .870
Cake department:
Mixers, ovenmen.................................................. 1.240
Machinemen depositors, decorators..................... 1.110
Cooky-machine operators..................................... .990
Machine helpers.................................................... .940
Hand icers and wrappers, washers and greasers .870
(women)..............................................................
Shipping department:
Wrapping-machine operators, set-up................... 1.110
Wrapping-machine helpers, packers and shippers. .990
Order fillers........................................................... .870
Warehouse department:
Stockroom and receiving clerks........................... 1.000
Freight handlers and flour dumpers.................... .950
Agreement E:
1.250
Mixers, ovenmen..................................................... 1.150
Oven helpers, feeders and dumpers........................
1.120
Dividers, molders, head wrappers, mixers’ helpers.
Molders’ helpers, pan greasers, bread rackers,
flour blenders, wrapping-machine helpers.......... 1.000
Agreement F:
Mixers....................................................................... 1.250
Oven operators....................................................... 1.225
Dividers, tray-oven feeders and dumpers, dough
nut-machine operators, icing mixers.................... 1.170
Bench hands, tunnel-oven feeders and dumpers,
shippers, molders, depositors............................... 1.120
Order workers.......................................................... 1.060
Helpers, panners, pan setters, pan greasers, blenders,
packers............................................................... 1.000
PieOvenmen__________________________________
and pastry:
.940
.870
Roller fillers, toppers and trimmers........................... 1.110
Pie cookers and pie mixers..........................................
Crackers and cookies:
Head mixers................................................................ 1.250
Ovenmen, pan pullers................................................. 1.225
Machine operators, dough mixers.............................. 1.170
Receiving clerks, machine feeders, band-oven
1.120
tendors
Dough break roll feeders, mixers’ helpers.................. 1.060
Ingredient scalers, stockmen___________________ 1.000
Ingredient scalers (women); packers; feeders; dump
ers; cleaners; helpers (men), first 30 days............... .930
Pull and catch pans; men helpers, first 30 days.----- .860
Scrap pickers, packers, tray and carton scalers, box
formers, machine tenders, wrappers....................... .800
Stitchers, packers, magazine feeders.......................... .770
Women helpers, first 30 days...................................... .720
DALLAS, TEXAS
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
1.340
1.240
Mixers..
Molders, dividers, twisters, benchmen, wrappingor slicing-machine operators, ingredient scalers.. 1.140
Foremen (women).................................................. .920
Packers’ helpers.............. ....................................... .860
Beginners:
First 6 months..................................................... .630
7-12 months. .............................. ........................ .690
After 1 year.......................................................... .800
Ovenmen................................................................. 1.220
* Information not available for hours per week on July 1,1946.
40 $0,880
40 .780
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.070
.970
.820
1.070
.970
.920
.920
.870
.770
1.070
.970
.870
.82
.770
.970
.870
.770
.870
.850
1.080
1.000
.980
.880
1.100
1.075
1.025
.975
.925
.870
0).770
0)
1.100
1.075
1.025
.975
.925
.870
.820
.750
.700
.670
.620
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.200
1.100
1.000
.800
.750
.550
.600
.700
1.080
14
T able
12.—
Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1, 19J+7 and July 1,191^6— Continued
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
DALLAS, TEXAS—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement B:
Bread:
Working foremen.................................................. $1,400
Mixers.................................................................... 1.300
Machine operators................................................ 1.160
Slicing operators.................................................... 1.160
Helpers:
First 3 months................................................... .800
4-6 months--...................................................... .850
After 6 months................................................... .900
Cake:
Foremen................................................................ 1.400
Bench, oven and machine operators.................... 1.150
Foremen (women)................................................. 1.050
Wrapping-machine operators............................... .850
Helpers:
First 3 months.................................................... .800
4r-6 months...............................-....................... .850
After 6 months................................................... .900
leers:
First 6 months.................................................... .650
.700
7-12 months--.................................................... .800
After 1 year.........................................................
Agreement C:
Bread:
Foremen................................................................ 1.340
Mixers, sponge...................................................... 1.240
Ovenmen_______________________________ 1.220
Dispensing checkers, henchmen, molders, twist
ers, dividers, slicing- and wrapping-machine
operators............................................................. 1.140
Agreement D:
Working foremen...................................................... 1.340
Mixers....................................................................... 1.240
Ovenmen................................................................... 1.220
Benchmen, second bakers........................................ 1.140
Agreement E:
Mixers....................................................................... 1.240
Ovenmen..................................................................... 1.220
Ingredient scalers, second ovenmen, shipping-room
clerks.......................................................................... 1.140
Miscellaneous employees (men).................................. .860
Finishers and wrappers (women):
First 6 months.......... ............................................... .630
7-12 months--........................................................... .690
After 1 year............................................................... .800
Agreement F:
Working foremen......................................................... 1.340
Mixers........................................................................... 1.240
Benchmen, twisters, panners, dividers, loaders, head
checkers, shipping clerks.......................................... 1.140
DAVENPORT, IOWA
(See Rock Island (HI.) District)
DAYTON, OHIO
Bread and cake—Semimachine shops:
Agreement A:
Mixers, ovenmen.................................................... 1.265
Oven feeders and dumpers, molders, machinemen,
dividers, benchmen............................................. 1.215
leers, wrappers, packers (women).......................... .880
Doughnut-machine operators................................. 1.175
Mixers’ helpers........................................................ 1.165
Set-up men.............................................................. 1.215
Wrapping-machine helpers, other helpers, packers. 1.050
Agreement B:
1.265
Mixers, ovenmen............................................
1.215
Benchmen, machinemen................................
1.175
Doughnut-machine operators........................
1.165
Mixers’ helpers................................................
1.215
Head wrappers................................................
1.100
Pan greasers and setters.................................
1.050
Wrappers and packers....................................
leers, packers, wrappers (women).................
.880
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
1.265
Mixers, ovenmen...............................................
Oven feeders and dumpers, molders, dividers, bench1.215
men.................................................................
1.175
Doughnut-machine operators...........................
1.165
Mixers’ helpers...................................................
1.215
Set-up men and head shippers..........................
Flour blenders....................................................
1.145
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1, 1946.
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
$1.150
1.050
.920
.920
.660
.660
.660
1.060
.890
.700
.650
.630
.630
.630
0)
0)
0)
40 1.200
40 1.100
40 1.080
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.000
1.200
1.100
1.080
1.000
1.100
1.080
1.000
.750
.550
.600
.700
1.200
1.100
1.000
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.115
1.065
.730
1.025
1.015
1.000
.900
1.115
1.065
1.025
1.015
1.000
.950
.900
.730
1.115
1.065
1.025
1.015
1.000
.995
City and classification
July 1, 1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
DAYTON, OHIO—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Wrapping-machine helpers, other helpers, packers,
rackers....................................................................... $1,050
leers, packers, wrappers (women).............................. .880
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Machine captains..................................................... 1.045
Mixers:
First 2 weeks.......................................................... .885
3-4 weeks................................................................ .935
After 1 month. ...................................................... 1.025
Packers and wrappers:
First 2 weeks.......................................................... .705
3-4 weeks................................................................ .755
After 1 month, ...................................................... .845
Handlers, shippers:
First 2 weeks.......................................................... .835
3-4 weeks................................................................ .885
After 1 month........................................................ .975
Agreement B:
Machinemen, plate; head mixers............................ 1.110
Machinemen, reel..................................................... 1.085
Mixers, plate-reel hands. ........................................ 1.060
Machinemen (captains)........................................... 1.035
Ovenmen, reel; band ovenmen; hand-oven
machinemen; hand-oven laminatormen; sirup
mixers.................................................................... 1.010
Machinemen and frymen, head stockmen, receiv
ing clerks - _
.985
Head raw-material stockmen................................I. .990
Order pickers, truck loaders..................................... .970
Peeler plate; take-out men, plate and ripple; reliefmen, plate-band ovens; cuttermen; junior ma
chinemen; receiving clerks’helpers; car checkers;
head carton and paper stockmen........................... .960
Marshmallow men................................................... .950
H. P. A. machinemen, sandwich-machine oper
ators, assistant machinemen................................ .955
Chocolate icing mixers............................................. .945
Dough feeders, stackers, ovenmen, reel, helpers,
grinders, sack cleaners, cooling box tenders,
sirup mixers, helpers, papercutter men, cello-bag
machine operators, dumpers, carton loaders, as
sistant machinemen, shipping department stockmen, car loaders and unloaders, tally clerks,
washing-machine operators, spray machinemen. . .920
Icing mixer girls, shipping department chute girls.. .880
Flour dumpers.................................................... . .860
Weight checkers....................................................... .850
DENVER, COLO.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.390
Dough mixers, ovenmen............................................. 1.300
Bench hands................................................................ 1.250
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.390
Dough mixers, spongers, ovenmen............................. 1.300
Bench hands, machine operators................................ 1.250
Hebrew shops:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.390
Ovenmen...................................................................... 1.300
Bench hands, machine operators*.............................. 1.250
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Machine captains..................................................... 1.125
Head sponge and sweet mixers, peelers.................... 1.075
Bakers...................................................................... 1.045
Mixers, rollermen, drawmen................................... 1.025
Mixers’ helpers......................................................... .935
Stackers.................................................................... .930
General helpers, men:
First 3 months....................................................... .785
4-6 months................................................. .......... .815
Packing and icing department:
Icing mixers. ........................................................ 1.025
Wrapping-machine set-up men............................ .975
Floormen............................................................... .880
Women employees:
Sponge packers.................................................. .785
Bundlers, machine operators, “Q” formers
and stitchers, sweet icing packers, graham
packers............................................................ .750
General helpers:
First 3 months................................................ .650
4-6 months..................................................... .680
40 $0,900
40 .730
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.960
.800
.850
.940
.620
.670
.760
.750
.800
.890
40
40
40
40
<9
(9
(9
(9
(0
(9
(9
(9
40
40
40
40
(9
(9
(9
(9
40
40
40
40
(9
(9
<9
(9
48
48
48
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.260
1.170
1.120
1.260
1.170
1.120
1.260
1.170
1.120
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.975
.925
.895
.875
.780
.780
.635
.665
.875
.825
.730
.625
40
40
40
.600
.500
.530
15
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
DENVER, COLO.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Agreement B:
Baking department:
Machinemen (sponge)..................................
$1,190
Machinemen (sweet)....................................
1.170
Peelers, ovenmen (sponge)...........................
1.140
Ovenmen (sweet), sponge reliefmen............
1.120
Dough mixers, lollermen..............................
1.070
Dough feeders...............................................
1.010
Mixers’ helpers..............................................
.980
Sponge ovenmens’ helpers...........................
.970
Pan greasers..................................................
.940
Icing room:
Machinemen; jelly, cream, and icing mixers.
1.070
Jelly, cream, and icing mixers’ helpers-----.940
Packing department:
Wrapping-and labeling-machine men____
1.090
Wrapping-and labeling-machine helpers...
.940
General helpers (women):
First month.................................................
.650
2-3 months.....................................................
.700
4-6 months.....................................................
.720
7-9 months.....................................................
.750
10-12 months.................................................
.780
After 1 year....................................................
.800
General helpers (men):
First month..................................................
.750
2-3 months.....................................................
.800
4-6 months.....................................................
.820
7-9 months.....................................................
.840
10-12 months.................................................
.870
After 1 year....................................................
.920
DES MOINES, IOWA
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
1.042
First hands...........................
.938
Second hands........................
.844
Third hands..........................
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
1.400
Dough mixers, ovenmen, pan setters, l
1.300
Benchmen, machinemen, shipping clerks.
1.200
Helpers:
First year..................................................
.830
After 1 year...............................................
.950
Agreement B:
Working foremen.........................................
1.390
Mixers, scalers, ovenmen,doormen, benchmen (after
1 year)...........................................
1.290
Benchmen:
First 6 months..............................
1.190
1.240
Second 6 months..........................
Shipping clerks, carton assemblers..
1.190
Helpers:
. .875
First 6 months..............................
.925
Second1 year...................................
6 months...........................
After
.975
Miscellaneous employees:
First year...................................... .
.830
After 1 year...................................
.900
Women employees:
.985
Foremen (women).......................
Cake wrappers, packers, carton makers, icers,
packers of doughnuts or bread on conveyor
.805
First 6 months........................
.830
7-12 months...........................
After 1 year............................
.805
Crackers and cookies:
Mixing and baking department:
1.215
Head mixers..................................
1.155
Machinemen.................................
1.120
Mixers’ helpers.............................
1.105
Reliefmen, peelers........................
1.085
Bakers...........................................
Drawmen.....................................
1.050
1.025
Rollermen.....................................
.980
Stackers........................................
.970
Pan passers, floormen..................
Packing department:
.950
Machinemen.................................
.900
Floormen.......................................
.825
Sponge packers, stock boys.........
787943-48---- 3
the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1,090
1.070
1.040
1.020
.970
.910
.880
.870
.840
.970
.840
.990
.840
.550
.600
.620
.650
.680
.700
.650
.700
.720
.740
.770
.820
48 1.042
48 .938
48 .844
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.250
1.150
1.050
.780
.900
1.240
1.140
1.040
1.090
1.040
.775
.825
.875
.780
.850
.925
40
40
40
.745
.770
.805
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.115
1.055
1.020
1.005
.985
.950
.925
.880
.870
.850
.800
.725
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1ItrtO—
f\AO
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
DES MOINES, IOWA—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Packing department—Continued
Machine feeders, sample room attendants,
bundlers, carton formers...................................... $0,775
Women helpers (after 30 days)............................... .750
Shipping and receiving department:
Order clerks.............................................................. 1.050
Helpers................................-................................... .950
DETROIT, MICH.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Bread department:
Mixers, ovenmen.................................................. 1.200
Flour blenders, ingredientmen, mixers’ help
ers, dividers, molders; oven feeders and
dumpers.......................................................... 1.100
Pan rackers, greasers, wrapping-machine set-up
m en...................................... ....................... 1.050
Bread rackers and wrappers. ........................... 1.000
Cake and sweet goods department:
Benchmen.............................................................. 1.150
Depositors, doughnut-machine operators, icing
mixers, cookers, scalers...................................... 1.100
Pan greasers.......................................................... 1.050
Decorators............................................................. .950
Oven helpers and dumpers................................... .850
Icers and wrappers................................................ .820
Checkers.............................................................. 1.050
Packers (miscellaneous)........................................ 1.000
Agreement B:
Mixers, ovenmen...................................................... 1.200
Benchmen................................................................. 1.150
Dividermen, molders, oven feeders, doughnutmachine operators................................................. 1.100
Pan greasers, wrapping-machine set-up men......... 1.050
Rackers..................................................................... 1.000
Stockroom men......................................................... .950
Agreement C:
Dough mixers........................................................... 1.200
Benchmen................................................................. 1.150
Flour blenders, scalers, icing mixers and cookers,
depositors, dividers............................................... 1.100
Pan greasers.............................................................. 1.050
Dumpers................................................................... .850
Rackers, icers, wrappers (women).......................... .820
Agreement D:
Mixers, ovenmen...................................................... 1.200
Blenders, scalers, dividers, molders, mixers’ help
ers, benchmen, oven feeders and dumpers......... 1.100
Molders’ helpers, pan rackers, greasers, wrappingroom set-up men, checkers................................... 1.050
Bread rackers, machine wrappers, packers............ 1.000
Stockroom men......................................................... .950
Agreement E:
Mixers, oven operators............................................. 1.200
Blenders, scalers, dividers, molders, mixers’ help
ers, benchmen, oven feeders, dumpers, twisters. . 1.100
Molders’ helpers, pan rackers, greasers, wrappingroom set-up men, checkers................................... 1.050
Machine wrappers, packers..................................... 1.000
Stockroom men......................................................... .950
Bun panners............................................................. .850
Wrappers.................................................................. .820
Agreement F:
Mixers, oven operators.......................... .................. 1.200
Blenders, scalers, dividers, molders, mixers’ help
ers, benchmen, oven feeders and dumpers,
twisters.................................................................. 1.100
Molders’ helpers, pan rackers, greasers, wrappingroom set-up men, checkers................................... 1.050
Bread rackers, machine wrappers........................... 1.000
Stockroom men........................................................ .950
Bun panners............................................................. .850
Bun wrappers........................................................... .820
Agreement G:
Mixers, oven operators............................................ 1.200
Blenders, scalers, dividers, molders, mixers’ help
ers, benchmen, oven feeders and dumpers.......... 1.100
Molders’ helpers, pan rackers and setters, greasers,
wrapping-room set-up men, checkers.................. 1.050
Bread wrappers, packers.......................................... 1.000
Stockroom men........................................................ .950
Bun panners............................................................. .850
Wrappers (women).................................................. .820
40 $0,675
40 .650
40 .950
40 .850
40 1.130
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.030
.980
.930
1.080
1.030
.980
.880
.780
.750
.980
.930
1.130
1.080
1.030
.980
.930
.880
1.130
1.080
1.030
.980
.780
.750
1.130
1.030
.980
.930
.880
1.130
1.030
.980
.930
.880
.780
.750
1.130
40 1.030
40 .980
40 .930
40 .880
40 .780
40 .750
40 1.130
40 1.030
40 .980
40 .930
40 .880
40 .780
40 .750
16
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
the bakery trades in selected cities} July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
July 1;, 1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
DETROIT, MICH.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement H:
Bread department:
Mixers, oven operators.......................................... $1,200
Blenders, scalers, dividers, molders, mixers’
helpers, henchmen, oven feeders and dumpers,
twisters............................................................... 1.100
Molders’ helpers, pan rackers, greasers, wrap
ping-room set-up men, checkers........................ 1.060
Bread rackers, packers, machine wrappers......... 1.000
Stockroom men...................................................... .960
Bun panners.......................................................... .860
Wrappers, bun wrappers...................................... .820
Cake department:
Dough mixers, oven operators, icing mixers........ 1.200
Depositor operators............................................... 1.100
Mixers’ helpers, oven helpers, dumpers, de
positor’s helpers, wrapping-machine set-up
men, icing-machine operators........................... 1.060
Packers (men)....................................................... 1.000
Cake cutters, pan greasers.................................... .980
Stockroom men...................................................... .950
Miscellaneous helpers........................................... .940
leers, wrappers, other general helpers (women)... .780
Agreement I:
Bread and roll mixers:
Starting rate.......................................................... 1.190
After 2 months....................................................... 1.330
Ovenmen, icing and filling cookers, cake mixers:
Starting rate.......................................................... 1.170
After 2 months....................................................... 1.310
Bakers, expert bench hands:
Starting rate......................................................... 1.190
Bakers, expert bench hands (after 2 months), in
gredient scalers...................................................... 1.280
Formula men, experienced...................................... 1.270
Pie crust mixers:
Starting rate........................................................... 1.140
After 2 months....................................................... 1.260
Doughnut fryers, after 3 months; stockmen re
ceivers..................................................................... 1.240
Bakers, all-round benchmen:
Starting rate.......................................................... 1.140
After 2 months........ ................................... -........ 1.230
Bread divider operators, bread wrapping-machine
operators starting rate. ........................................ 1.050
Bread divider operators, after 2 months; breadoven loaders, after 3 months; cake-depositor
operators, stockmen, bread wrapping-machine
operators, after 2 months....................-................ 1.190
Cake decorators:
Starting rate.......................................................... . .920
After 1 month,..................................................... . .970
After 3 months...................................................... . 1.070
After 6 months...................................................... . 1.170
Pan pullers to washing machine, washing-machine
operators................................................................. 1.170
Baking utility man, shipping-room servicemen---- . 1.170
Machine operators (not otherwise specified),
Habamfa machine operators, bread and roll
mixers’ helpers..................................................... .. 1.140
Bread panners.......................................................... 1.120
Pan conditioners, general bakery workers, bakery
helpers, oven helpers, bread rackers...................... 1.090
Decorators (finishing department)........................ .. .920
Order girls:
Starting rate......................................................... . .680
After 6 months....................................................... .880
Shipping-room bread packers (women):
Starting rate......................................................... . .680
After 1 month...................................................... . .730
After 3 months....................................................... .780
After 6 months..................................................... . .880
General bakery workers, finishing department
workers, general icing workers, layer cake icers,
bench girls, panners, order helpers, (women):
Starting rate........................................................ .680
After 1 month................................................... . .730
After 3 months.................................................. . .780
After 6 months.................................................. . .880
Agreement J:
Mixers, bread, dough, icing................................... . 1.160
Rolls dividermen, bun panners, ovenmen, benchmen....................................................................... . 1.120
Mixers’ helpers........................................................ „ 1.095
40 $1.130
40 1.030
40 .980
40 .930
40 .880
40 .780
40 .750
40 1.200
40 1.100
40 1.060
40 1.000
40 .980
40 .950
40 .940
40 .780
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.050
1.190
1.030
1.170
1.050
1.140
1.170
1.000
1.110
1.140
1.000
1.090
.960
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.090
.870
.920
1.020
1.120
1.040
1.070
40 1.040
40 1.020
40 .990
40 .870
40 .630
40 .830
40 .630
40 .680
40 .730
40 .830
40 .&30
40 .680
40 .730
40 .830
40 1.050
40 1.020
40 .995
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1 94 6 ate
R ate Hours Rper
per per hour
hour w eek
DETROIT, MICH.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement J—Continued
Oven feeders, dumpers, dividers, twisters, bread
rackers, flour blenders, stockmen,bun panners__ $1,070
Head wrappers......................................................... 1.050
Bread wrappers, pan cleaners, setters, rackers, and
greasers................................................................... 1.020
Cake wrappers, dumpers, rackers, icers, panners
(women)................................................................. .870
Agreement K:
Bread and roll department:
Baker leaders......................................................... 1.450
Mixers.................................................................... 1.400
Bakers.................................................................... 1.400
Moldermen............................................................ 1.240
Bench helpers........................................................ 1.175
Panners (women).................................................. .905
Cake department:
Baker leaders......................................................... 1.450
Mixers.................................................................... 1.400
Bakers.................................................................... 1.400
Icing leaders........................................................... 1.355
Icers........................................................................ 1.305
Depositors.............................................................. 1.240
Depositor and icing helpers................................ 1.175
Icing leaders (women)........................................... .970
Leaders, panners (women).................................... .955
Icers (women)........................................................ .920
Pie department:
Bakers (men).......... .............................................. 1.400
Coffee cake department:
Baker leaders......................................................... 1.450
Bakers.................................................................... 1.400
Benchmen.............................................................. 1.355
Mixers’ helpers...................................................... 1.175
Muffin girls........................................................... .940
Finishers, general utility, leaders (women)........ .915
Cooky department:
Mixers.................................................................... 1.400
Bakers.................................................................... 1.400
Depositors.............................................................. 1.240
Packing leaders (women)..................................... .955
Packers (women)....... ........................................... .905
General utility (women)....................................... .865
Scaling and flour blending department:
Oven No. 1, leaders............................................... 1.450
Scalers, leaders..................................................... 1.290
Scalers, blenders.................................................... 1.240
General utility...................................................... 1.085
Panners (women).................................................. .905
Oven department:
Bakers:
Oven No. 1......................................................... 1.400
Oven No. 2......................................................... 1.325
Fried-cake department:
Fried-cake makers................................................ 1.355
Fried-cake helpers................................................. 1.175
Specialty department:
Baker leader..........................................................
Decorators............................................................. 1.450
1.415
Bakers................................................................... 1.400
General utility...................................................... 1.085
Decorator No. 1 (women).................................... 1.030
Decorator No. 2 (women)..................................... .970
Panners (women)................................................. .905
Agreement M:
Cake and miscellaneous:
Dough mixers, oven operators, icing mixers....... 1.200
Ingredient scalers, depositors, doughnut-machine
operators............................................................ 1.100
Checkers................................................................. 1.050
Packers.................................................................. . 1.000
Miscellaneous men helpers:
Starting rate....................................................... .890
After 6 months................................................... .. .940
Helpers (women):
Starting rate........................................................ .730
After 6 months.................................................... .780
Agreement N :
Cake department:
Cake and icing mixers, ovenmen.......................... 1.200
Biscuit and icing mixers, depositors, ingredient
scalers, doughnut-machine operators....... ....... . 1.100
Checkers, wrapping-machine set-up men............ 1.050
Helpers (men)...................................................... . .940
Bake-shop helpers (women)................................ . .780
40 $0,970
40
.950
40
.920
40
.770
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.305
1.290
1.255
1.170
1.095
.835
1.305
1.290
1.255
1.255
1.205
1.170
1.095
.885
.885
.835
1.255
1.305
1.255
1.205
1.095
.870
.865
1.290
1.255
1.170
.880
.835
.815
1.305
1.220
1.170
1.035
.835
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.255
1.200
1.145
1.095
1.305
1.315
1.255
1.035
.920
.870
.835
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.200
1.100
1.050
1.000
.890
.940
.730
.780
40
40
40
40
40
1.200
1.100
1.050
.940
.780
17
T able
12.—
Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Bate
Bate Hours
per per per
hour week hour
DETROIT, MICH.—Continued
Pie and pastry:
Agreement
A: 1, pie hfllrprs
Hnnkprs No,
$1,200
Pie dough mixers___________________________ 1.100
Pie peelers___________ ____________ ____ ___ 1.050
OAnftF»i miscellaneous helpers, pan washers
.940
Shop helpers (men)________________________ .890
Helpers
(women):'
First ft "months
.730
After ft months
.780
Agreement B:
Pie bakers, sweet yeast goods dough mixers_____ 1.200
Icing mixers, meringue, and pie dough mixers....... 1.100
Checkers, pie peelers, wrapping-machine set-up
men______ _______ ____________ _________ 1.050
Receiving and stnokronm man
Helpers (man)
.
. . . . . . . __ _ .950
.940
Helpers
(women):
First 6 months . _ ____ __ _ _ . _ _ .730
After 6 months _ __ . _ ____ .. ___ .780
Hebrew shops:
First hands (1 oven) cake bakers
2.156
First hands (2 ovens) ___ __
Seoond hands _ ___
__ _ 2.200
2.089
Helpers . _
1.533
Polish shops:
First
hands
(either
handling
2 ovens or mixing
dough)
_ _ ......
1.700
First hands (1 oven)................................................. 1.650
Second hands and partial dough mixers .
1.550
Second hands (1 oven)_____ ___________________ 1.475
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement
A:
Mixers
1.200
Workers (women):
First 6 months. .......... ......................................... .680
7-12
months...........................................................
.730
After 1 year.
_ _
...
.. .
.780
Agreement B:
Mixers:
Starting rate __
1.130
After 1 year
1.200
Helpers
(men)
:
Starting rate. _
... _
_ ....
.840
After 6 months
.890
After 1 year ___. __ _
.940
Helpers (women):
Starting
rate____________ ________________
.650
After fi months _
_
_ _ .710
After 1 year
... .
.780
Agreement C:
Baking
and
mixing
department:
Maehine eaptains
1.280
Peelers,
...
1.250
Sponge
or
sweet
mixers____________________
1.220
Bakers, sponge
1.180
Sponge rollermen, sweet-oven men, oven fire
men.................................................................. 1.170
Assembly
men No. 1, sponge drawmen_______ 1.150
Flour dumpers _
1.100
Ritz mixers_______________ _________ ____ 1.090
Stackers, pan cleaners, ritz rollermen, pan
feeders, mixers' helpers............................ ........ 1.050
Icing
department:
Working assistant foremen _.
__
1.300
Head mixers (icing)__ ______ ______________ 1.250
Machine operators___ ________ ____________ .900
Icing packers ____________________________ .880
Other helpers___ ________________________ .870
Packing
department:
Working supervisors (men) __
1.150
Foremen (women)________________________ 1.080
Maehine set-up men______________________ 1.050
Floormen, assistant foremen (women)__
1.000
Working supervisors (women)______________ .950
Sponge packers __________________________ .910
Head carton formers, machine operators______ .900
Sweet packers, hand carton foremen, “Q” fore
men, stitcheis, weighers, closers, hand bundlers, cripple pickers, filling machine oper
ators, sealing, staplers, sample room weight
clerks, “S” packers and “S” formers................ .890
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
45
45
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1,200
1.100
1.050
.940
.890
.730
.780
1.200
1.100
1.050
.950
.940
.730
.780
1.955
2.000
1.888
1.333
1.550
1.500
1.405
1.330
1.100
.600
.650
.700
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.900
.970
.650
.700
.750
.570
.630
.700
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.130
1.100
1.070
1.030
1.020
1.000
.950
.940
.900
1.150
1.100
.750
.730
.720
1.000
.930
.900
.850
.800
.760
.750
40
.740
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Bate Hours Bate
per per per
hour 9week hour
DULUTH, MINN.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Agreement A:
$1,352
Foramen
1.124
Mixers, ovenmen...................................................... 1.072
Bench hands..............................................................
Hand wrappers and packers:
First 100 days........................................... ............ .665
After 100 days....................................................... .725
Helpers:
First 150 days......................................................... .714
151-300 days........................................................... .765
301-600 days........................................................... .845
After 600 days-..................................................... .885
Bread
and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen
1.361
Dough mixers, ovenmen.............................................. 1.230
Bench hands, doughnut-machine operators--........... 1.175
Machinemen, dividers, molders, traveling-oven
loaders, wrapping-machine operators...................... 1.100
Stockmen, receiving clerks.......................................... 1.038
Bread panners, twisters............................................... 1.030
Shipping clerks (30-90 days) helpers after 300 days— .971
Foremen (women)........................................................ .915
Helpers:
First 150 days............................................................ .820
151-300 days............................................................... .881
301-600 days............................................................... .971
After 600 days__........................................................ 1.020
Hand wrappers and packers:
First 100 days............................................................ .769
After 100 days.......................................................... .836
Dishwashers................................................................. .788
Shipping
Foremendepartment:
_ ___ .
,
.
1.300
Shipping clerks (when only 1 in a plant)................ 1.130
Shipping clerks:
.881
First 30
days..............................................................
31-90
days
_ . _____
.... . _ .971
1.030
After 90 days. ...........................................................
PieRakers
and pastry:
__
. 1.130
Helpers
First 150 days............................................................ .820
151-300 days............................................................... .881
301-600 days............................................................... .971
After 600 days--....................................................... 1.020
Women employees:
First 150 days............................................................ .622
After 150 days.-....................................................... .706
Crackers and cookies:
Men
employees:_
Foremen._
. ___ .._
1.341
Inexperienced............................................................ 1.059
Experienced.............................................................. 1.113
Women employees:
Foremen (women).................................................... .833
Inexperienced............................................................ .720
Experienced.............................................................. .749
EL PASO, TEXAS
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Dough
mixers............................................................ 1.200
Ovfinmfin
1.130
Dividers, scalers, machine bread wrappers............ 1.030
Oven helpers, first class............................................ .990
Molders...................................................................... .890
Oven helpers, second class........................................ .890
Molders’ helpers....................................................... .830
Wrapping-machine helpers, cake wrappers and
bench work, pan greasers...................................... .830
Wrapping-machine operators (cake)........................ .930
Agreement B:
Dough
mixers............................................................
1.200
Ovfinmfin
..
......
1.130
Dividers..
...
_
_____
1.030
.990
Ovenmen’s
helpers...................................................
Molders
.890
Bread rackers............................................................ .890
Bread rackers’ helpers.............................................. .830
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1,082
.977
.932
0)
(0
.650
.695
.768
.805
1.205
1.090
1.040
.975
.940
.910
.860
.810
.730
.780
.860
0)
.680
.740
.698
1.150
1.000
.780
.860
.910
1.000
0)
C9
0)
0)
.550
.625
40 1.188
40 .938
40 .988
40
40 .738
40 .638
.663
40
40 .950
.880
40 .800
40 .760
40 .660
40 .640
40 .620
40 .600
40 .600
40 1.080
40 1.010
40 .930
40 .890
40 .790
40 .780
40 .730
18
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
12
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
EL PASO, TEXAS—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement B—Continued
Wrapping department:
$1,030
Wrapping-machine operators...................
.830
Wrappers, hand........................................
.830
Wrappers’ helpers.....................................
Shipping department:
1.080
Route checkers..........................................
1.080
Shipping checkers.....................................
.830
Shipping helpers........................................
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Foremen, mixers, dividermen, head ovenmen----- 1.250
Oven dumpers, oven loaders and dumpers........... 1.150
Benchmen, machine wrappers, molders................ 1.100
Panrackers......................... ........... ......... — .......... 1.050
Ingredientmen, bread rackers, hand wrappers,
mixers’ helpers, pan greasers, general helpers— 1.000
Agreement B:
Bread and rolls department:
Dough mixers, oven operators, wrapping-ma
chine set-up men, bun and roll operators........ 1.300
Divider operators.................................................. 1.200
Oven dumpers....................................................... 1.150
Molders................................................................. 1.100
Oven loaders, pan catchers, ingredient scalers,
checkers........................... ............................... 1.050
Dough mixers’ helpers, molders’ helpers, pan
greasers, flour dumpers, loaders....................... 1.000
Bread boxers......................................................... .950
Miscellaneous help:
Starting rate..................................................... . .700
After 60 days.................................................... .750
After 1 year........................................................ .850
Cake department:
Mixers, wrapping-machine operators, dough
nut-machine operators...................................... 1.200
Depositor operators, oven dumpers.................... 1.100
Oven loaders........................................................ 1.000
Agreement C:
Ovenmen, cake mixers........................................... 1.200
Ingredient
scalers....................................-..............
Wrapping-machine
operators............... ............... 1.150
1.100
Benchmen............................................................. . 1.050
Ovenloaders and dumpers, depositor operators,
cooky-machine operators, pan greasers..............
Bread rackers, wrapping-machine helpers, fore 1.000
men (women)........ ............................................. .950
Pan rackers, shop helpers...................................... .900
Cake icers and wrappers, miscellaneous helpers. .800
Agreement D:
Mixers, doughnut-machine operators— ............... 1.100
Divider operators, cake-oven operators, bench
hands, bread-oven dumpers................................. 1.050
Shipping clerks....................................................... . 1.025
Molder operators, oven feeders and dumpers, de
positor operators, wrapping-machine operators,
order fillers........................................................... 1.000
.850
Cake-shop employees (women)..........................
.800
Agreement E:
Mixers, divider operators................................... 1.150
Wrapping-machine operators, doughnut-machine
operators, molders, shipping clerks...............
1.000
Order fillers, oven feeders, and dumpers..........
.950
Women cake-shop employees............................ . .800
HOUSTON, TEXAS
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen.................................
. 1.425
Dough mixers.........................
. 1.250
Ovenmen................................
.
1.200
Benchmen.............................
. 1.150
Bread—Semimachine shops:
Foremen.................................
1.425
Dough mixers...... ..................
1.250
Ovenmen or spongers............
1.200
Benchmen, machinemen.......
1.150
Counters, checkers................
1.150
Oven dumpers and loaders...
1.150
Wrappers................................
1.000
1 Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40 $0,930
40 .730
40 .730
40 1.010
40 1.010
40 .730
40 1.100
40 1.000
40 .950
40 .900
40 .850
40 (0
40
40 (0
40 (0
(0
40 0)
40 (0
40 0)
40 0)
40 0)
40 0)
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
0)
0)
0)
0)
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
(0
0)(9
(9
(9
(9
(9
(0
(9
(9
(9
(9
(0
(9
(9
<9
(9
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
<.978
<.826
<.783
1.125
.950
.950
.900
.875
.825
.775
00
to
05
T able
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate
Rate Hours
per
per hour
per week
hour
HOUSTON, TEXAS—Continued
Bread—Semimachine shops—Continued
Pan and bread rackers...................................
$0,976
Weigh-up men............. ..................................
1.150
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen.........................................................
1.425
Dough mixers................................................
1.250
Ovenmen........................................................
1.200
Benchmen and machinemen.........................
1.150
Counters, checkers.........................................
1.150
Oven dumpers or loaders. ............................
1.150
Wrappers........................................................
1.000
Pan and bread rackers...................................
.975
Weigh-up men................................................
1.150
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Bread—Hand shops:
Foremen or first hands................................................ 1.250
Second hands............................................................... 1.200
Helpers......................................................................... .900
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Foremen or first hands............................................. 1.250
Second hands............................................................ 1.200
Helpers. .................................................................... .900
Agreement B:
Bread department:
Dough mixers, oven operators............................. 1.250
Ovenmen (rolls), machine and bench hands...... 1.200
Foremen (women)................................................. 1.100
Helpers (bread)................................................... 1.000
Helpers (rolls)....................................................... .910
Icers and wrappers. ............................................. .875
Crew supervisors, order fillers.............................. 1.040
Service helpers:
Men.................................................................... .910
Women............................................................... .860
Stockroom helpers............................................. .910
Cake department:
Mixers.................................................................... 1.250
Bench and machine hands, oven operators____ 1.200
Foremen (women)................................................ 1.100
Helpers.................................................................. .910
Cake icers.............................................................. .875
Agreement C:
Bread department:
Mixers.................................................................... 1.250
Oven feeders and dumpers, bench and machine
hands; head wrappers and slicers. ................. . 1.200
Assistant head checkers...................................... . 1.040
Wrappers and sackers......................................... . 1.000
Bake shop helpers................................................ 1.000
Flour dumpers..................................................... 1.000
Cake department:
Head mixers......................................................... . 1.350
Mixers...................... .................... ...................... 1.250
Bench hands, oven hands................................... 1.200
Doughnut-machine operators............................. . 1.250
Pan boys and helpers.......................................... 1.000
Cake wrappers and icers...................................... .875
Agreement D:
Bread department:
Dough mixers...................................................... . 1.250
Oven operators; bread shipping supervisors___ 1.250
Machine and bench hands, oven helpers............ 1.200
Crew supervisors.................................................. 1.010
Bread-machine wrappers................................... . 1.200
Bread checkers..................................................... 1.150
Order fillers....................... .................................. 1.000
Helpers.................................................................. 1.000
Stockroom helpers............................................... .950
Cleaners and pan-room helpers........................... .900
Cake department:
Cake depositor operators..................................... 1.200
Foremen (women), cake decorators................... 1.070
Cake wrappers..................................................... 1.000
Cake helpers......................................................... 1.000
Cake icers............................................................. .875
Agreement E:
1.250
Mixers......................................................................
Oven operators, stockroom supervisors................. 1.250
Machine and bench hands..................................... 1.200
Bread shipping supervisors.................................... 1.250
Crew supervisors..................................................... 1.010
Cleaners and pan-room helpers.............................. .900
Stockroom helpers................................................... .950
<46-hour week on July 1,1946.
40 $0,763
40 .700
40 1.125
40 .950
40 .950
40 .900
40 .875
40 .825
40 .775
40 .763
40 .700
44 1.120
44 1.070
44 .810
44 1.120
44 1.070
44 .810
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.120
1.070
1.000
.810
.810
.775
.940
.810
.810
.810
1.120
1.070
1.000
.810
.775
40 .940
40 .890
40 .840
40 .790
40 .740
40 .690
40 1.040
40 .940
40 .890
40 .790
40 .740
40 .615
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.120
1.070
1.070
1.000
.940
.940
.940
.810
.810
.810
1.070
.940
.940
.810
.775
1.120
1.070
1.070
1.070
1.000
.810
.810
19
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement F:
Dough mixers.......................................................... . $1,250 40
Oven operators......................................................... 1.250 40
Machine and bench hands, oven helpers............... 1.200 40
Bread checkers......................................................... 1.150 40
Helpers and order fillers.......................................... 1.000 40
Bun wrappers, cleaners and pan-room helpers___ .900 40
Stockroom helpers.................................................... .950 40
Agreement G:
Dough mixers........................................................... 1.250 40
Oven operators......................................................... 1.250 40
Machine bench hands............................................. 1.200 40
Crew supervisors...................................................... 1.010 40
Bread checkers........................................................ 1.150 40
Helpers, order fillers................................................ 1.000 40
Bun slicers, cleaners and pan-room helpers............ .900 40
Bun wrappers........................................................... .900 40
Stockroom helpers................................................... .950 40
Bread carton fillers.................................................. 1.000 40
Agreement H:
Bread department:
Scalers.................................................................... 1.250 40
Mixers, ovenmen, dividermen............................. 1.200 40
Molder-machine men........................................... 1.100 40
All other helpers.................................................... 1.000 40
Shipping-room employees.................................... 1.000 40
Cake department:
Ingredient scalers, mixers, ovenmen, depositormen, wrapping-machine operators, icing
mixers................................................................. 1.230 40
Depositors' helpers............................................... 1.050 40
Dumpers............................................................... 1.050 40
Helpers, shipping-room employees...................... 1.000 40
Women employees:
First 4 months.................................................... .790 40
6-8 months......................................................... .830
40
9-12 months........................................................ .870 40
After 1 year........................................................ .910 40
Pie and pastry:
Ingredient scalers, machine operators, pie-filling
cookers...................................................................... 1.200 40
Pie-oven operators....................................................... 1.200 40
Foremen (women)....................................................... 1.100 40
Rollers, fillers, toppers, trimmers............................... .910 40
JACKSONVILLE, FLA.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Oven operators, mixers, doughnut-machine oper
ators..................................................... -............... 1.050 40
Dividers, depositors, benchmen, wrapping-ma
chine operators...................................................... 1.000 40
Checkers, ovenmolders, roll-machine operators— .950 40
Benchmen (second class), ingredient scalers, icers
and decorators, stock clerks................................. .900 40
Oven loaders and dumpers, shipping selectors...... .850 40
Cake icers, roll panners, flour dumpers, rackers,
pan greasers, twisters, molders’ helpers.............. .780 40
Bakers’ helpers, doughnut packers, cake cutters
and packagers....................................................... .730 40
Agreement B:
Bread:
Foremen, working................................................ 1.160 40
Mixers................................................................... 1.060 40
Wrapping-machine operators............................... .960 40
Ingredient scalers.................................................. .940 40
Dividers................................................................ .920 40
Benchmen............................................................. .910 40
Molder operators.................................................. .880 40
Feeders and dumpers, wrapping-machine help
ers, shipping checkers....................................... .860
40
Cake:
Mixers, ovenmen, icing makers........................... .980
40
Scalers.................................................................... .930 40
Foremen (women)................................................ .880 40
Wrapping-machine operators............................... .780 40
Helpers.................................................................. .730 40
1Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
$1,120
1.070
1.070
.940
.810
.810
.810
1.120
1.070
1.070
1.000
.940
.810
.810
.810
.810
.810
1.050
1.000
.970
.875
.845
.970
.895
.890
.845
.620
.660
.700
.740
1.070
1.070
1.000
.810
.950
.900
.850
.800
.750
.700
.650
(9
(l)
(l)
(i)
(l)
(!)
<9
<9
m
v)
(1)
(1)
(1)
City and classification
KANSAS CITY, MO.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen.......................................................................
Ovenmen, drawers, mixers, spongers.........................
Bench hands................................................................
Foremen (women).......................................................
Wrappers, ingredientmen, icing makers, head
checkers....................................................................
Men helpers.................................................................
Women helpers............................................................
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Head mixers.............................................................
Head icing-room men...............................................
Head machinemen...................................................
Ovenmen, mixers.....................................................
Rollermen.................................................................
Mixers’ helpers.........................................................
Sandwich-machine operators, wrapping-machine
operators................................................................
Cracker packers........................................................
Sweet-work wrappers and bundlers (women).......
Cooky packers, icing-machine operators, caddymachine operators, stock boys.............................
Agreement B:
Machine captains, head mixers...............................
Mixers, working supervisors (men)........................
Peelers......................................................................
Assemblers................................................................
Icing mixers, paper-stop men.................................
Bakers.......................................................................
Rollermen................................................................
Drawers (sponge and sweet)...................................
Cone bakers, machine operators.............................
Mixers’ helpers, receiving clerks.............................
Cone mixers..............................................................
Flour dumpers.........................................................
Dough feeders...........................................................
Sack binders, car loaders, machine set-up men__
Working supervisors (women), stackers.................
Graham-pan feeders.................................................
Pan cleaners, pan dumpers.....................................
Conveyormen...........................................................
Cone packers...........................................................
Sponge packers.........................................................
Packers, sealers, weighers, sweet packers, women
icing-machine operators........................................
Women helpers.........................................................
Agreement C:
Bake shop (sponge):
Machinemen, head sponge mixers.......................
Sponge
mixers.......................................................
Peelers...............................................................
Ovenmen...............................................................
Rollermen..............................................................
Take-out men........................................................
Sack cleaners.........................................................
Bake shop (sweet):
Machinemen.........................................................
Head mixers...........................................................
Ovenmen..................................................... .........
Mixer helpers.........................................................
Dough feeders, relief men.....................................
Pan greasers and feeders.......................................
Miscellaneous workers..........................................
Fig grinders...........................................................
Icing department:
Machinemen..........................................................
Icing mixers...........................................................
Tray washers.........................................................
Supply girls..........................................................
Packing department:
Floormen truckers................................................
Packers No. 22 cartons (standard crew)..............
Conveyor packers (standard crew), packers from
packing tables (No. 25 cartons) ........................
Carton formers (hand), cello-bag operators,
supply girls, caddy workers..............................
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946ate
R ate Hours Rper
per per
hour week hour
$1,550
1.440
1.350
1.010
.990
.890
.810
40 $1,413
40 1.297
40 1.214
40
.875
40
.850
40
.750
40
.675
1.375
1.235
1.225
1.115
1.065
1.020
.915
.870
.830
.790
1.190
1.150
1.110
1.060
1.090
1.070
1.055
1.040
1.040
1.020
.990
.990
.990
.970
.940
.920
.920
.890
.890
.865
.845
.820
40 1.250
40 1.110
40 1.100
40
.990
40
.940
40
.895
40
.790
40
.745
40
.700
40
.665
40 1.040
40 1.000
40
.960
40
.910
40
.940
40
.920
40
.905
40
.890
40
.890
40
.870
40
.840
40
.840
40
.840
40
.820
40
.790
40
.770
40
.770
40
.740
40
.740
40
.715
40 ' .695
40
.670
1.160
1.110
1.105
1.060
1.050
1.030
.885
1.185
1.160
1.060
1.010
.960
.910
.885
.880
1.080
1.030
1.010
.860
.775
.960
.845
.820
.800
.775
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
0)
(9
0)
O)
h
(9
(9
(9
(j)
8
8(i)
M
(o
(i)
(i)
(l)
(9
(9
C9
(9
(9
(9
20
T able
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
12
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
KANSAS CITY, MO.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Agreement C—Continued
Label room:
Machinemen......................................................... $1.110
Assistant machinemen.......................................... 1.060
Supply men, truckmen......................................... .960
Sealers................................................................... .910
Machine operators and feeders............................ .775
Shipping department:
Head checkers........................................................ 1.025
Checkers.......................-...................................... .975
Order fillers, packers, car loaders, stockmen___ .950
Receiving and warehouse:
Requisition clerks, paper cutters, checkers......... .975
Car unloaders........................................................ .950
LITTLE ROCK, ARK.
Bread and cake—machine shops:
Agreement A:
Bread department:
Foremen................................................................. 1.250
Mixers, ovenmen, head checkers......................... 1.140
Dividers..... ........................................................... 1.070
Molders, henchmen, machine operators.............. 1.010
Wrapping-machine operators, stockroom clerks,
assistant checkers............................................... .960
Helpers:
First 6 months.................................................... .730
7-12 months........................................................ .790
After 12 months...... .............. ........................... .840
Ingredient scalers (cake)....................................... .960
Agreement B:
Bread:
Foremen................................................................ 1.250
Mixers, ovenmen, head checkers......................... 1.140
Dividers................................................................ 1.070
Molders, benchmen, machine operators.............. 1.010
Wrapping-machine operators, stockroom clerks,
assistant checkers....... ...................................... .960
Assistant wrapping-machine operators............... .900
Helpers:
First 6 months................................................... .730
7-12 months....................................................... .790
After 12 months........... .................................... .840
Agreement C:
Bread:
Foremen.................................................... -......... 1.250
Mixers, ovenmen, head checkers......................... 1.140
Dividers........ ....................................................... 1.070
Benchmen, molders.............................................. 1.010
Stock clerks, assistant checkers, wrapping.960
machine operators....................................... .
Helpers:
.730
First 6 months..............................................
.790
7-12 months...................................................
.840
After 12 months............................................
Cake:
Mixers............................................................ . 1.035
Ovenmen.......................................................... 1.135
.960
Scalers, ingredientmen....................................
.850
Foremen (women).......................................... .
.880
Helpers............................................................
leers, wrappers, pan girls, checkers, packers,
boxers:
.610
First 3 months.............................................
.670
3-6 months...................................................
.730
After 6 months............................................
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
Bread and cake—Hand and semimachine shops:
Agreement A:
1.675
Working foremen.............................................
1.575
Mixers, ovenmen.............................................
1.445
Benchmen....................................................... .
1.175
Helpers............................................................ .
Agreement B:
1.500
Foremen..........................................................
1.360
Mixers, ovenmen under a foreman.................
1.250
Benchmen....................................................... .
Helpers:
1.000
First year..................................................... .
1.050
Second year.................................................. .
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40 $1.110
40 1.010
40 .950
40 .900
40 .850
40 .650
40 .700
40 .750
40 .850
40 1.110
40 1.010
40 .950
40 .900
40 .850
40 .800
40 .650
40 .700
40 .750
40 1.110
40 1.010
40 .950
40 .900
40 .850
40 .650
40 .700
40 .750
40 .920
40 .880
40 .850
40 .780
40 .650
40
40
40
.550
.600
.650
48
48
48
48
44
44
44
44
44
1.225
1.150
1.050
.900
1.225
1.150
1.050
.900
1.006
July 1,1947 j
City and classification
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.—Continued
Bread and cake—Hand and semimachine shops—Con.
Machine operators, hand wrappers, checkers, ship
ping clerks________________________________ J$1.100
Helpers (shipping room)______________ ________ 1.050
Agreement C:
Foremen__________________________________ 1.780
Ovenmen, dough mixers____________________ 1.680
Benchmen________________ _____________ 1.590
Bread—Machine shops:
Foremen___________________________________ 1.780
Dough mixers, nvpnmen, dnnghnnt men __
1.680
Shipping-foremen____ ________ _____________ 1.570
Machine and bench hands_____________________ 1.590
Twisters, molders, dough mixers’ helpers, panners,
oven dumpers__________ _ _____________ 1.590
Oven feeders, ingredient men__________________ 1.590
Machine men, shipping clerks, receiving clerks......... 1.420
Machine and bench hand helpers, flour dumpers,
bread rackers______________________________ 1.270
Pan washers, greasers_________________________ 1.270
Hand
wrappers_______________
_____________ 1.250
P.nnvoynrTpAn
} him slicers, paekAfS
1.200
Cake—Machine shops:
Foremen..__________________ _____________ 1.780
Ovenmen, mixers, icing mixers___ _______ ____ _ 1.680
Shipping-room foremen......................... ..................... 1.570
Bench hands________________________________ 1.590
Machine operators, depositors__________________ 1.430
Ingredient
scalers____________________________ 1.430
ftAceiving clerks
1.420
Checkers__________________ ________________ 1.330
Oven helpers________________ _____________ 1.270
Auxiliary workers__________ _________________ 1.230
Packers and helpers.._______ ____________ _____ 1.180
Pan washers, unskilled help___________________ 1.070
Women employees:
Foremen (women)__________________________ 1.180
Machine wrappers.................................................. 1.040
leers_____________________________________ 1.090
Experienced help___________________________ .980
Inexperienced help______ ______ ____________ .850
Pie and pastry:
Foremen___________________________________ 1.575
Head
________________ 1.475
1.475
Head ovenmen_______
cream cooks, fruit ______
cooks__________________
Cake mixers, dough mixers _
_____________ 1.475
Head checkers_______________________________ 1.235
Second ovenmen___________________ _________ 1.185
Second cream cooks__________________________ 1.185
Scalers_____________________________________ 1.185
Rollermen____ ______________________________ 1.185
Toppers _________________________________ 1.085
Topping baggers_____________________________ 1.085
Foremen (women)___________________________ 1.035
Helpers..__________________________________ .985
Order fillers___ __________ ___________________ .985
Packers and wrappers________________________ .935
Wrapping-machine operators (women)___________ .935
Wrappers______ ___________________________ .935
Pan washers___ _______ _____________________ .910
Hebrew bread:
First hands___________________ _____________ 1.934
Second hands___ ____________________________ 1.775
Crackers and cookies:
Hand
and semimachine shops: _ _ _
Foremen
1.290
Assistant foremen, traveling-oven feeders and
take-ont men
..... ..
1.240
1.190
Machine
men, mixers_______________________
Mixers’ helpers
___
1.090
Reel-oven men
__
1.040
.965
Cooky-machine
operators____
_____________
Machine feeders and take-ont men
.940
Miscellaneous machine help____ _____________ .890
Floorladies............................................ .................... .820
Miscellaneous help (women):
1-3
Aftermonths______
4 months _________________
___ . ______
. . __ .680
.710
Machine shops:
Agreement
A:
Head miners, machine met)
1.383
Peelers, ovenmen, reliefmen________________ . 1.333
Rollermen____ ... . . __
1.268
Helpers, sponee-oven mixers................................. 1.235
®45-hour week on July 1,1946.
44
44
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
42
42
$0,950
.825
1.575
1.475
1.345
1.575
1.475
1.375
1.345
1.345
1.345
1.225
1.075
1.075
1.075
1.025
1.575
1.475
1.375
1.345
1.235
1.235
1.226
1.150
1.075
1.050
1.000
.885
1.005
.855
.855
.805
.675
1.225
1.150
1.150
1.150
1.050
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
.900
.900
.850
.800
.800
.750
.750
.750
.725
«1.810
*1.657
40 1.170
40 1.120
40 1.070
40 .970
40 .920
40 .845
40 .820
40 .770
40 .740
40
40 .630
40
40
40
40
1.263
1.213
1.148
1.115
21
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1 , 1946— Continued
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.—*Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Machine shops—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
Wrapping-machine men, icing mixers, wafer
mixers................................................................ $1,220
Sweet-oven helpers, sweet-dough feeders, pan
greasers, feeders.................................................. 1.170
Packing department supervisors......................... 1.150
Stackers, receivers, shippers................................. 1.120
Oven and dough feeders’ helpers......................... 1.095
General helpers..................................................... 1.033
Employees (women):
Supervisors......................................................... .940
Spongers, stackers, packers.............................. .855
Icing ana sugar wafer girls, sugar wafer oven
girls and spreaders, weighers, carton and
caddy formers, wrappers, bundlers, cellobag
machine operators, sample and relief girls. .855
Sweet packers.................................................... .818
Agreement B:
Machine men, head dough mixers.................... 1.383
Ovenmen, reliefmen.............................................. 1.333
Rollermen.............................................................. 1.268
Mixers’ helpers...................................................... 1.235
Sheeters
___ 1.190
Sponge-machine feeders........................................ 1.190
Agreement C:
Head mixers, machine men........................... ...... 1.383
Peelers, ovenmen, reliefmen................................. 1.333
1.268
Rollermen..............................................................
Mixers’ helpers, sponge-oven helpers................... 1.235
Sweet-dough feeders, pan greasers and feeders... 1.170
Traveling-oven feeders.......................................... 1.170
LOUISVILLE, KY.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
First mixers-........................................................... . 1.150
Ovenmen, dumpers, feeders.................................... 1.120
Wrapping-machine operators, first hands, divider
operators, molders, utilitymen, first slicers....... . 1.100
Cake second-mixers, head packers and checkers... 1.070
Cake benchmen....................................................... 1.100
Stockmen, packers and checkers............................. 1.020
Bread panners, twisters, setters............................... .950
Rackers, feeders-...................................................... .900
Foremen (women).................................................... .850
Women icers, wrappers and finishers—................. .800
Pan-room men, helpers............................................. .880
Women production workers..................................... .820
Agreement B:
Mixers........................................................................ 1.150
Dividers, reliefmen................................................... 1.100
Mixers’ helpers, molders, oven feeders and
dumpers, wrapping-machine operators................ 1.050
Pan spotters, machine pan-greasers, bread rackers. .970
Wrapping-machine helpers, general helpers........... .950
Packers, order fillers................................................. .950
Flour blenders........................................................... .850
Agreement C:
1.160
Mixers.......................................................................
Dividers,
molders, depositors, oven feeders and
dumpers, doughnut-machine operators, wrapping-machine operators......................................... 1.110
Stockkeepers.............................................................. 1.035
Shippers, order fillers................................................ 1.010
General helpers......................................................... .935
Women helpers (cake shop)..................................... .810
Agreement D:
Head mixers.............................................................. 1.200
Mixers, ovenmen...................................................... 1.180
Machinemen, head checkers, head wrappers and
dicers (machine).................................................... 1.120
1.090
Dumpers...................................................................
Wrapping- and slicing-machine men, pan rackers,
greasers, mixers’ helpers........................................ 1.010
Flour blenders, general helpers................................ 1.010
Bread rackers............................................................ .970
Agreement E:
Dough mixers............................................................ 1.230
Batchmen, proof-box oven operators....................... 1.220
Utility men............................................................... 1.160
Head packers and checkers--.................................. 1.130
Dividers..................................................................... 1.110
* Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1,100
1.050
1.030
1.000
.975
.913
.860
.775
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.775
.738
1.263
1.213
1.148
1.115
1.070
1.070
1.263
1.213
1.148
1.115
1.050
1.050
40 1.025
40 .975
40 .975
40 .950
40 .925
40 .900
40 .850
40 .805
40 .750
40 .700
40 .805
40 .625
40 1.030
40 .970
40 .950
40 .870
40 .850
40 .770
40 .700
40 1.025
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.975
.900
.875
.800
.700
1.080
1.060
1.000
.970
.890
.850
.850
1.112
1.100
1.075
1.025
1.000
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
LOUISVILLE, KY.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement E—Continued
Ovenmen................................................................. . $1,080
Roll machine helpers, panners, reliefmen, pan
greasers, pan rackers............................................. . 1.060
Flour blenders......................................................... . . 1.010
Wrapping-machine operators (rolls)....................... . .970
Wrapping-machine operarors’ helpers (bread)___ . .960
Wrapping-machine operators (bread)................... . . 1.080
Packers’ helpers....................................................... .980
Wrapping-machine helpers (rolls), bread rackers.. .920
Bakery helpers........................................................ . .950
Mixers’ helpers........................................................ . .950
Crackers and cookies:
Mixing department:
Dough mixers.......................................................... . 1.060
Sponge setters ........................................................... .900
Mixers’ helpers........................................................ .820
Unskilled labor...................................................... . .750
Baking department:
Peelers, ovenmen.................................................... . 1.005
Machinemen, ovenmen’s helpers......................... . .900
Semiskilled labor...................................................... .820
Unskilled labor....................................................... . .770
Icing department:
Enrober men............................................................ .920
Sirup makers........................................................... .870
Filler makers............................................................ .820
Marshmallow-machine operators, sandwich-ma
chine operators, marshmallow makers................ .730
Packers, feeders, marshmallow makers’ helpers.... .680
Packing department:
Main man................................................................. 1.040
Wrapping-machine operators.................................. .890
Stockmen:
Receiving............................................................. . .920
Shipping................................................................ .970
Packers and bundlers............................................. . .680
MADISON, WIS.
Bread and cake—Hand shop:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.390
Mixers, ovenmen......................................................... 1.280
Bench hands................................................................ 1.220
Women icers............................................................. .770
Helpers...................................................................... .912
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Foremen.................................................................... 1.564
Ovenmen. dough and sponge mixers...................... 1.233
Machinemen............................................................. 1.205
Bench hands............................................................. 1.233
Helpers...................................................................... .989
Checkers, packers, stockroom employees............... .989
Slicing and wrapping-machine operators............... .960
Women wrappers, slicers......................................... .845
Agreement B:
Mixers....................................................................... 1.220
Bench hands............................................................
Molders, dividers, doughnut-machine operators, 1.170
oven feeders, dumpers, shipping clerks............ 1.170
Slicing-machine operators........................................ 1.120
Shippers, order fillers, packers................................ 1.070
Helpers.......... .......................................................... .970
MANCHESTER, N. H.
Bread and pastry—Hand shops:
Foremen, mixers.......................................................... 1.250
Second hands............................................................... 1.104
Bench hands................................................................ .958
MEMPHIS, TENN.
Bread and cake—Combination hand and machine
shops:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.290
Ovenmen, mixers........................................................ 1.040
Dividermen............................................................... .950
Moldermen.................................................................. .900
Oven helpers................................................................ .810
Helpers:
First 3 months.......................................................... .650
After 3 months......................................................... .700
40 $0,975
40 .950
40 .900
40 .900
40 .875
40 .950
40 .875
40 .850
40 .850
40 .850
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.990
.830
.750
.700
.935
.830
.750
.700
.850
.800
.750
.680
.630
.970
.820
.850
.900
.630
48 1.270
48 1.160
48 1.100
48 .650
48 .583
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.443
1.113
1.084
1.051
.903
.869
.840
.581
1.100
(0
1.050
1.000
.950
.850
48
48
48
.938
.875
.833
40 1.190
40 .950
40 .860
40 .820
40 .725
40 .600
40 .650
22
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
July 1,1947 July l,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
MEMPHIS, TENN.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Bread only:
Foremen.................................................................... $1,480
Mixers, spongers, ovenmen, ingredient scalers___ 1.200
Dividerroen ______________________________ 1.090
Mactiinemen, pan dumpers, wrapping-machine
operators________________________________ 1.040
Checkers. _________ _______ _____ ____ __ 1.010
Bread rackers______________________________ .920
.830
Wrappers’ and packer’ helpers ,
Helpers:
First 3 months............... ..................—................. .730
4-9 months
_________________________ .780
After 9 months............................................. ...... .830
Flour dumpers........ ............ ................................. .725
Cake only:
Agreement A:
Foremen _______________________________ 1.300
Mixers (dough and icing)__________________ 1.160
Ovenmen ____________________________ 1.100
Checkers _______________________________ .960
Scaling-machine operators, ingredient scalers— .990
Foremen (women)_________________________ .920
Head icers_____ 1________________________ .870
Scaling-machine helpers....................................... .830
Helpers (men):
First 3 months____________ _____________ .730
4-9 months..................... ................................. .780
After 9 months _________ _____ _________ .830
Wrapping-machine operators.............................. .820
Helpers (women):
First 3 months.................................................. .650
4-9 months____ ____________ __________ .700
After 9 months...............-______ __________ .750
Agreement B:
Mixers (dough and icing)__________________ 1.160
Ovenmen_______________________________ 1.100
Ingredient scalers_________________________ .990
Checkers________________________________ .960
.940
Scaling-machine operators__________________ 1.310
Foreman
Foremen (women)
- __
.920
Head icers_______________________________ .870
.830
Scaling-machine
helpers......................................
Helpers (men):
First 3 months____ _____________________ .730
4-9 months____________________________ .780
.830
After 9 months_________________________
Wrapping-machine
operators
.820
Helpers (women):
First 3 months__________________________ .650
4-9 months____________________________ .700
After 9 months__________ ______________ .750
Agreement C:
1.160
Cake
mixers, icing mixers__________________
Oyenmen
..........................
Ingredient sealers _
. .................... 1.100
.990
Shipping
clerks operators
________________________ .960
Sealing-maohine
.940
Sealing-maehine helpers _ _
.830
Helpers (men):
.730
First
3
months__________________________
4-9 months
.780
After 9 months _ . ...
.830
Helpers
(women):
First, 3 months
.650
.700
4-9
Aftermonths____________________________
9 months
.750
Crackers and cookies:
Sweet-baking department:
1.245
Head
mixers_______________________________
Maehine
captains . . . . . .
_ _
__ _ 1.185
Bn.lre.rs
_ _
1.095
Rollermen . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.075
Ovenmen
1.005
Pan cleaners and feeders _
.945
Packers___ _ _ _ _________________________ .785
Icing department:
Mixers ._ ___ . r
_
„
Machine operators. _ . . .
_
__ _ 1.095
.995
Women employees:
Supervisors.
_
.,.
.915
Helpers.,.......................„........... . . . __________ .795
40 $1.345
40 1.090
40 .990
40 .940
40 .915
40 .840
40 .750
40 .650
40 .700
40 .750
40 .625
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
*0
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.195
1.050
1.000
.870
.900
.840
.790
.750
.650
.700
.750
.740
.570
.620
.675
1.050
1.000
.900
.870
.850
1.195
.840
.790
.750
.650
.700
.750
.740
.570
.620
.675
1.050
1.000
.900
.870
.850
.750
.650
.700
.750
.570
.620
.675
40 1.095
40 1.035
40 .925
40 .925
40 .850
40 .795
40 .635
40 .945
40 .845
40 .765
40 .645
July 1, 1947
City and classification
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
MEMPHIS, TENN.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—continued
Sponge-baking department:
Head mixers. ........................................................... $1,245
Machine captains.. . _____________________ 1.185
Mixers_____________________________ _____ 1.145
Assistant foremen__________________________ 1.155
Bakers, peelers________________________ ____ 1.115
Rollermen________________________________ 1.075
Drawmen_________________________________ 1.045
Assemblymen_____________________________ .995
Mixers’ assistants and helpers________________ .975
Women employees:
Foremen (women)________________________ .915
Sponge packers___________________________ .815
Cone department:
Bakers _________________________________ 1.045
Mixers _________________________________ .995
Assistant mixers and bakers__________________ .925
Packers........ ............................................................ .875
Shipping department:
Car loaders:
First________ ___________________________ 1.095
Second_________________ _______________ .925
Assemblers:
First....................................................................... 1.095
Second_________________________________ .955
MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Mixers, ovenmen, doughnut-machine operators... 1.150
Depositor operators, dividermen, oven feeders and
dumpers (bread)
_ ......... 1.050
Bench
hands,
operators,
ermen,
cyanwrapping-machine
feeders and dumpers
(cake) __mold 1.000
Shipping-room workers______________________ .900
Miscellaneous helpers:
.900
Men
- __ __. ___
Women
___
.700
Agreement
B:
Working foremen .
_
1.450
1.200
Mixers
Dividermen,
doughnut-machine
operators. _.
1.150
Oyenmen, molders.
.
1.100
Wrapping-machine operators
1.050
Miscellaneous
helpers, helpers
shipping-room workers----Women miscellaneous
...... 1.000
.800
Agreement
C:
Working foremen
1.100
Mixers, ovenmen
............ .
..... 1.050
Dividermen, moldermen, bench hands, doughnutmachine operators________________________ 1.000
.925
Stockroom
workers_________________________
Miscellaneous
helpers
.875
Junior helpers
__
...... .750
Women miscellaneous helpers .. _ _
.700
Agreement
D:
Working foremen
_ _
1.150
Mixers, ovenmen___________________________ 1.050
Dividermen, benchhands, doughnut-machine op
erators, moldermen, wrapping-machine opera
tors
1.000
Stockroom
workers_________________________
1.000
Miscellaneous
helpers _ . _
.875
Women miscellaneous helpers...
.700
Agreement E:
Foremen
, ,.
1.100
Mixers, oyenmen
1.050
Dividermen, benchmen, doughnut-machine opera
tors, moldermen ....
1.000
Miscellaneous helpers _
_ __r
.875
Women miscellaneous helpers
.700
Agreement
F:
Mixers, ovenmen
_
__ 1.050
Dividermen, molders, benchmen, doughnut-ma
chine operators .,
1.000
Miscellaneous helpers..
.875
Women miscellaneous helpers,,^ _
.700
Agreement G:
1.050
Mixers ovenmen , . , .......
Dividermen, wrapping-machine operators, bench
hands, doughnut-machine operators, molders..- 1.000
40 $1,095
40 1.035
40 .995
40 .975
40 .965
40 .925
40 .895
40 .845
40 .825
40 .765
40 .665
40 .895
40 .845
40 .775
40 .725
40
40
40
40
.945
.775
.945
.805
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.050
.950
.900
.850
.800
.650
1.350
1.100
1.050
1.000
.950
.900
.700
1.050
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.950
.950
.825
.550
1.050
1.000
.950
.825
.550
1.000
.950
.650
.650
1.000
1.000
.875
.825
.650
.550
1.100
1.000
.950
23
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per . per per
hour week hour
MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement Q—Continued
Stockroom and shipping-room workers.................. $0,925
Miscellaneous helpers..............................................
Women miscellaneous helpers................................. .875
.700
Agreement H:
Mixers, ovenmen..................................................... 1.050
Bench hands, wrapping-machine operators, depos
itor operators........................................................ 1.000
Shipping-room workers.......................................... . .925
Women helpers........................................................ .700
Bread only—Machine shops:
Mixers, ovenmen......................................................... 1.050
Wrapping-machine operators, moldermen................ 1.000
Stockroom workers..................................................... .925
Miscellaneous helpers................................................ .875
Cake only—Machine shops:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.150
Mixers, ovenmen......................................................... 1.050
Depositor operators..................................................... 1.000
Miscellaneous helpers.................................................. .875
Women miscellaneous helpers.................................... .700
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Sponge department:
Ovenmen...............................................................
Mixers, relief rollermen, peelers-in...................... 1.070
Bollermen, peelers-out.......................................... 1.050
Mixers’ helpers..................................................... .950
.920
Packers.................................................................. .690
Sweet department:
Mixers.................................................................... 1.050
Machinemen, ovenmen........................................ 1.000
Mixers’ helpers..................................................... .920
Ovenmen helpers.................................................. .850
Panfeeders, greasers, general helpers................... .770
Packers.................................................................. .660
Icing room:
.900
Packers.........................................................
.660
Feeders and sackers.....................................
.610
Packing department:
Floormen......................................................
.900
Floormen helpers..................................... .
.795
Scalers..........................................................
.660
Women employees......................................
.610
Wrapping and cellophane department:
Women employees:
Machine girls, packers.............................
.660
Bundlers, carton-caddy, cases.................
.640
Feeders.....................................................
.610
General helpers.........................................
.600
Agreement B;
Machine captains............................................
1.170
Head sweet mixers..........................................
1.100
Peelers............................................................
1.090
Head sponge mixers........................................
1.070
Mixers’ helpers, bakers, rollermen, icing mixers... 1.050
Drawmen........................................................
1.030
Ovenmen, assembly clerks.............................
1.000
Pan cleaners, assemblymen...........................
.950
Stackers, conveyormen..................................
.900
Women employees:
Working supervisors...................................
.800
Sponge packers, machine operators (women).— .780
Sweet packers, bundlers-formers, stitchers, sup
ply girls.............................................................. .750
General helpers (icing department).................... .730
Hebrew shops, bread and cake:
Cake bakers, bread workers...................................... . 1.390
Dough mixers.............................................................. 1.310
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen......................................
1.244
Mixers, ovenmen, bench hands.
1.133
Wrapping-machine operators__
.897
Helpers:
.680
First 1,000 hours......................
Second 1,000 hours. .................
.737
.793
Third 1,000 hours.....................
Fourth 1,000 hours...................
.850
Fifth 1,000 hours......................
.907
Sixth 1,000 hours......................
1.020
1 Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$0,875
.825
.650
1.000
.950
.875
.550
1.000
.950
.875
.825
1.100
1.000
.950
.825
.550
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.970
.950
.850
.820
.640
.950
.900
.820
.750
.670
.610
.800
.610
.560
.800
.695
.610
.560
40 .610
40 .590
40 .560
40 .550
40 1.020
40 .950
40 .940
40 .920
40 .900
40 .880
40 .850
40 .800
40 .750
40 .650
40 .630
40 .600
40 .580
45 1.260
45 1.190
45 1.133
45 1.022
45 .800
45 .613
45 .664
45 .716
45 .767
45 .858
45 .920
City and classification
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen.......................................................................
Sponge and dough mixers, oven operators and oven
men...........................................................................
Icing and batter mixers, cake ovenmen.....................
Doughnut-machine operators.......................-............
Depositors, and/or drop-machine operators...............
Dividers, molders, bench hands, bun-machine oper
ators..........................................................................
Traveling-oven feeders and dumpers, doughroom
men, slicing- and wrapping-machine operators---Cake ingredient scalers, fruit cookers, kettle fryers..
Foremen (women), twisters, dough panners, oven
and bench helpers....................................................
Icing-machine operators, cake wrappers....................
Helpers:
First 8 weeks............................................................
After 8 weeks............................................................
Women employees:
Finishers, wrappers, packers:
First 8 weeks.........................................................
After 8 weeks........................................................
Hebrew bakeries:
Hand shops:
Foremen, all-round cakemen..................................
Bench hands, machinemen.....................................
General cakemen, mixers, ovenmen.......................
Helpers.....................................................................
Machine shops:
Foremen, all-round cakemen................................. .
General cakemen, mixers, ovenmen...................... .
Bench hands, machinemen..................................
Helpers:
First 6 months...................................................
7-12 months.....................................................After 1 year.......................................................
1 to 1H years......................................................
After 2 years.......................................................
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Baking department:
Sponge mixers.......................................................
Senior sweet mixers..............................................
Sweet mixers.........................................................
Assembly sweet mixers........................................
Sirup mixers..........................................................
Assistant assembly sweet mixers.........................
Sponge department:
Ovenmen...............................................................
Peelers...................................................................
Rollermen,
using paste-----------------------------Rollermen, no paste..............................................
Laminator operators.............................................
Lead ovenmen.....................................................
Take-out men.......................................................
Laminator sheet feeders...................................... .
Stackers.................................................................
Sweet department:
Oven firemen........................................................
Ovenmen..............................................................
Ovenmen’s helpers and relief............................. .
Panmen, hand..................................................... .
Icing department:
Mixers, machinemen............................................
Marshmallow men, experienced..........................
First 30 days.....................................................Second 30 days...................................................
Floormen, experienced.........................................
First 30 days......................................................
Second 30 days...................................................
Checkers (women)................................................
Packers (chill room).............................................
Packers..................................................................
Enrober operators (women).................................
Weighers and baggers (chill room)......................
Miscellaneous girls................................................
Tray feeders (women)..........................................
Inexperienced workers (men):
First 30 days......................................................
Second 30 days...................................................
Inexperienced workers (women):
First 30 days......................................................
Second 30 days...................................................
July 1,1947 July 1,
1046Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
$1,420
1.260
1.260
1.260
1.200
1.200
1.130
1.150
1.030
1.000
.900
1.000
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1,276
1.125
1.100
1.000
1.000
1.075
1.015
1.000
.925
.900
.825
.900
.740
.820
40
40
.740
1.333
1.137
1.188
.933
1.483
1.323
1.263
.833
.888
.938
.988
1.038
45
45
45
45
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.189
1.011
1.056
1.040
1.030
1.005
.965
.945
.925
1.120
1.100
1.035
1.005
1.000
.980
.950
.950
.925
1.045
1.005
.950
.925
1.005
.915
.815
.865
.865
.765
.815
.805
.775
.755
.725
.695
.675
.695
.825
.875
.600
.630
40
40
40
40 .855
40 .815
40 .795
.775
40 .970
40
40 .950
40 0).855
40
40 0).830
40 .800
40
40 0).775
40 .895
40 .855
40 .800
40 .775
40 .855
40 .775
40
40
40 .715
40
40
40 .685
40
40 .655
40 0).635
40
40 .575
40 0).555
40 .675
40 .725
40
40
1.338
1.188
1.138
.738
.788
.838
8
24
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
July 1,1947 July 1,
1940Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
Packing department:
Wrapping-machine men....................................... $0,980
Case sealers............................................................ .886
Floormen............................................................... .866
Sponge packers (cartons), checkers and relief
(women)............................................................. .806
.785
Crahan?packers.................................................... .785
Sweet packers-...................................................... .755
Carton formers, caddy stitchers (women)........... .715
Bundlers.............................................................. .715
Miscellaneous workers, junior caddy stitchers
(women)............................................................. .675
Agreement B:
Baking department:
Machine captains.................................................. 1.125
Sponge and sweet mixers...................................... 1.095
Peelers............................................ —................... 1.075
Rollermen, sweet bakers....................................... 1.025
Drawmen, oven firemen....................................... 1.005
Sweet ovenmen..................................................... .905
Sweet mixers’ helpers............................................ .950
Flour dumpers, stackers, pan cleaners, feeders,
sweepers............................................................. .925
Dough feeders, conveyormen............................... .905
Icing department:
Mixers.................................................................... 1.005
Floormen............................................................... .875
Women employees:
Working supervisors......................................... .875
Other help (after 1 year)................................... .765
Packing department:
Machine set-up men.......................................... .905
Floormen, foremen (women)................................ .875
Sponge packers...................................................... .815
Sweet packers....................................................... .785
Sample room packers, bundlers, machine oper
ators, scalers and weighers, closers, carton
formers, stitchers. ............................................. .765
Cellophane-bag girls............................................. .735
Inexperienced workers (men):
First 30 days...................................................... .825
30-90 days........................................................... .875
Inexperienced workers (women):
First 30 days...................................................... .600
30-90 days........................................................... .650
NASHVILLE, TENN.
Bread and cake:
Agreement A:
Mixers, ovenmen..................................................... 1.020
Bench and machinemen......................................... .910
Wrapping-machine operators.................................. .880
Oven helpers and dumpers, checkers............... — .825
Helpers:
First 3 months...................................—................ .715
After 3 months...................................................... .770
Loaders and packers................................................ .770
Roll wrappers, women:
First 3 months...................................................... .630
3-6 months............................................................ .660
After 6 months...................................................... .680
Agreement B:
Mixers, ovenmen..................................................... 1.020
Bench and machinemen.......................................... .910
Wrapping-machine operators.................................. .880
Oven helpers and dumpers, checkers..................... .825
Helpers:
First 3 months...................................................... .715
After 3 months...................................................... .770
Wrapping-machine operators* helpers:
First 3 months...................................................... .715
After 3 months...................................................... .770
Crackers and cookies:
Machinemen................................................................ 1.000
Reliefmen.................................................................... .930
Ovenmen, peelers-in.................................................... .980
Sweet mixers................................................................ .980
Rollermen, panmen..................................................... .930
Enrober men............................................................... .850
Pan catchers and greasers........................................... .810
Mixers’ helpers (sponge)............................................. .820
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40 $0,830
40 .765
40 .715
40 .685
40 .685
40 .665
40 .635
40 .595
40 0)
40 .555
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.975
.945
.925
.875
.855
.825
.800
.775
.755
.855
.725
.725
.615
.755
.725
.665
.635
40
40
40
40
40
40
.615
.585
.675
.700
.450
.475
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.880
.780
.750
.700
.600
.650
.600
.520
.550
.570
.880
.780
.750
.700
.600
.650
.600
.650
.880
.880
.850
.810
.790
.780
.760
.730
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
City and classification
NASHVILLE, TENN.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Peelers-out......................................................
Pan feeders mid wipers..................................
Sponge mixers..............................................
Relief ovenmen...............................................
Mixers’ helpers (sweet)..................................
Mixers’ helpers...............................................
General workers (women)..................... .......
Packers (women):
Sponge.........................................................
Sweet...........................................................
Receiving clerks.............................................
NEWARK, N. J.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen, oven workers, dough mixers...........
Bench workers, second-class...........................
Third-class workers..........................................
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Ovenmen, mixers, molders..............................
Benchmen, dividers.........................................
Peelers, scalers, oven hands.............................
Scaler operators (cake).....................................
Icing makers.....................................................
Icing makers’ helpers...................................
Dough scalers’ helpers.....................................
Checkers...........................................................
Flour dumpers, sifters.....................................
Machine helpers, pan greasers........................
Slicers, wrappers, packers................................
leers, women....................................................
Machine operators (women)............................
Hand wrappers.................................................
Hebrew shops:
Foremen, ovenmen.........................................
Second hands, mixers.......................................
Bread carriers, helpers.....................................
NEW HAVEN, CONN.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen...........................................................
Assistant foremen, mixers, ovenmen..............
Benchmen______________ ______________
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Bread:
Mixers...........................................................
Dividers, ovenmen.......................................
Assistant mixers, receiving clerks................
Blenders, bakemen.......................................
Head packers.................................................
Molders.........................................................
Wrappers:
Rate A.......................................................
Rate B......................................................
Packers, pan greasers, pan rackers..............
Cake:
Foremen........................................................
Dough mixers................................................
Ovenmen......................................................
Head shippers.............................................
Depositors, receivers, stock clerks...............
Ingredient scalers..........................................
Icing mixers..................................................
Depositors’ helpers.......................................
Dumpers....... ................... ...........................
Pan greasers, ulilitymen, shippers’ helpers:
First 6 months...........................................
7-12 months................................................
After 1 year................................................
Women employees:
Head icers, head wrappers........................
leers...........................................................
Wrappers....................................................
Hebrew shops:
Foremen, ovenmen..........................................
Second hands....................................................
NEW ORLEANS, LA.
Bread and cake—Hand and machine shops:
Foremen:
1-3 men..........................................................
4 or more men...............................................
. $0,900
. .810
. 1.020
. .980
. .800
. .780
. .550
. .750
. .720
. .830
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1.542
1.375
1.188
1.450
1.330
1.330
1.330
1.330
1.150
1.150
1.130
1.160
1.090
1.065
.870
1.015
.850
1.875
1.750
1.125
40 $0,790
40 .700
40 .850
40 .880
40 .730
40 .730
40 .500
40 (0
40
40 0).780
48
48
48
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
48
48
48
1.313
1.188
1.042
1.200
1.085
.980
.880
.900
.840
.815
.880
.835
.840
.815
.595
(0.595
1.750
1.625
1.000
. 1.260
. 1.218
. 1.168
44 1.111
44
44 1.068
1.018
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
48
48
1.200
1.075
1.050
1.045
1.030
1.025
1.020
.960
.960
1.230
1.180
1.160
1.130
1.080
1.060
1.030
1.005
.990
.905
.930
.950
.815
.785
.765
1.563
1.479
. 1.285
. 1.385
1.125
1.000
.975
.970
.955
.950
.945
.885
.885
1.095
1.045
1.025
.995
.945
.925
.895
.870
.845
.770
.795
.815
.705
.675
.655
1.563
1.479
40 1.150
40 1.250
25
T able
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1 , 1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
12
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate
Rate
per
per Hours
per hour
hour week
NEW ORLEANS, LA.—Continued
Bread and cake—Hand and machine shops—Continued
Ovenmen, mixers, reliefmen....................................... $1,085
Benchmen,
wrapping-machine
dividers, cake
depositors operators, molders, .985
Ingredient mAn
.935
Mixers' helpers, flour Menders, ponders _
par* greasers, wreppin g-rnabhitia hAlperS _ _ __ .885
.785
Bakers' helpers, p.rnmh pap.lrprs, rankers___ ______ .735
__ .885
Foremen (women) *
'
Cake helpers, icers, wrappers, packers, pan greasers. .735
NEW YORK, N. Y.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Agreement A:
First hands, oven workers ______________ 1.540
Second hands _
1.430
TTAlpArs
1.210
Shippers and packers (man^
Shippers and packers (women)
_ _ __ .990
.825
Agreement B:
First hands, ovenmen, mixers................................. 1.595
Second hands............................ ............................... 1.483
TTalpars
1.188
Packers
1.088
Agreement
C:
ForamAn
1.625
Bench
and second hands
1.500
Third hands. __ ___ _ ____ ________________ 1.375
Agreement D:
First hands . ,
_ _ _
1.663
Second hands
1.559
TTalpars
1.404
MisnAllanAons
_
... .
1.352
Agreement
E:
T?irst hands, nvenman
. 1.992
Second hands
1.858
Third hands _ _______ ____________________ 1.458
Agreement F:
First hands............................................................... 1.563
Second
hands............................................................ 1.500
TTalpars
1.250
Cake
and
pastry—Hand
shops:
First hands
1.812
Second hands
_____
1.687
Frankfurter
rolls—Hand
shops:
Mixers _
_ _____________________ 1.525
Ovenmen___________________________________ 1.450
Bench hands and packers........................................... 1.250
Retail—Hand
First h a n d sshops:
________ __________________________ 1.875
Second hands _______________________________ 1.750
____ ____________________ 1.375
Third hands
Restaurants—Hand
shops: __ _ __________________
First, hands
2.000
Second hands
________________________ 1.875
Third hands________________________________ 1.500
Cafeteria—Hand shops:
First hands.................................................................. 1.875
Second hands. ___ _________________________ 1.750
Third h a n d s_____________________________________ 1.500
TTalpars
. . . ________ 1.030
Bread and cake—Semimachine shops:
1.781
Foremen
_
________________________________
Ovan men, mixers
____ _________________ 1.544
Bench hands
_ ____ _____________________ 1.413
Factors
_ ____ ___ _____________ 1.220
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement
A:
Tray-oven operators _____________________ 1.260
Mixers .
_____________________________ 1.250
Confectioners, dough brake operators, dividermen. 1.220
Tray-oven helpers _ _ _________________ 1.210
Ring twisters, oven operators, steam box opera
tors, icing makers, roll-in operators, mixers’
helpers
_
____ ________________ 1.200
Kitchen operators.................................................... 1.190
Ring makers, depositors________________ _____ 1.180
Icing-machine operators_____________________ 1.170
Benchmen,
blenders, cooky
halrers finishers, scalers,
____ ______________
1.160
Benchmen helpers, finishers helpers
1.120
Packers, pan greasers
_____________________ 1.050
Women employees:
Pie workers
_____________________ 1.000
General workers.................................................... .870
40 $0,950
40 .850
40 .800
40 .750
40 .650
40 .600
40 .750
40 .600
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
48
48
48
40
40
40
40
45
45
45
40
40
40
48
48
40
40
40
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
40
40
40
40
1.400
1.300
1.100
.900
.750
1.413
1.313
1.050
.963
1.563
1.438
1.313
1.473
1.369
1.214
1.162
1.867
1.733
1.333
1.469
1.406
1.156
1.500
1.250
1.375
1.350
1.150
1.756
1.631
1.256
1.875
1.750
1.375
1.750
1.625
1.375
.906
1.575
1.425
1.325
.980
40
40
40
40
1.110
1.100
1.070
1.060
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.050
1.040
1.030
1.020
1.010
.970
.900
.850
.720
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
NEW YORK, N. Y.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement B:
Mixers,
ovenmen...................................................... $1,325
Dividermen
1.235
Benchmen________________________________ 1.225
Mixers’
helpers,
ingredient
scalers,
molders_____
1.175
Ovan faadars and dnmpars_
_ _ ..._ 1.145
Flour dumpers
_
_ _
1.125
Head wrappers or slicers, checkers______ ____ 1.095
General helpers......................................................... 1.085
Packers..................................................................... 1.055
Agreement C:
Ovenmen.................................................................. 1.355
Dough mixers........................................................... 1.355
Icing makers............................................................. 1.275
Cookers__________________________________ 1.105
Checkers and shippers............................................. 1.095
Dough scalers.......................................................... 1.205
Ingredient cookers__________________________ 1.078
General helpers____________________________ 1.105
Women employees................................................... .900
Agreement D:
Bread:
Ovenmen _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.330
Mixers_________________ _______________ 1.250
Stockmen............................................................... 1.250
Dividers, molders, oven helpers, panners
1.150
Bread shop helpers, benchmen _
Mixers'helpers .
__ _.__ _
_ _ 1.150
1.130
Cake:
Ovenmen............................................ ......... ........ 1.200
Stockmen and mixers______________________ 1.120
Oven helpers______ __________ ___________ 1.050
Icing mixers, icers, decorators...... ........................ 1.150
Benchmen.............................................................. 1.100
Doughnut men, decorators’ helpers__________ 1.100
Pan greasers_____________________________ .950
Pan washers, women icers__________________ .900
Wrappers, fruit-room workers.............................. .850
Agreement E:
Bread:
Oven tenders____________________________ 1.360
Mixers.................................................................... 1.300
Dividermen_____________________________ 1.250
Panners, twisters, oven helpers, blenders______ 1.200
Checkers...............................................................
1.180
Floorman, flour handlars_
1.150
Bread wrappers, shipping clerks_____________ 1.130
Agreement F:
Bread:
Mixars, ovanman
_ 1.325
Dividarman
__
1.225
Benchmen_______________________________ 1.225
Ingredient
scalers,
mixers’
helpers,
molders.......
1.175
Ovan loadars or dnmpars, pnllman halpars
1.145
Flour dnmpars
1.125
Head packars and checkers, wrappers
1.095
Pan greasers, general helpers................................ 1.085
Cake:
Ovenmen
_
_ _ __
__ __. 1.355
Mixers__________________________________ 1.355
Benchmen
Fryers......................... .......................................... 1.190
1.188
Ingredient scalers.............................. ............... . 1.205
Depositors______________________________ 1.205
Women helpers....... .............. ............... .......... .900
General helpers....................................__............. 1.105
Pan greasers........................................................... 1.085
Agreement G:
Mixers, peel-ovenmen, relief mixers............ ........... 1.325
Dividers____ _____________________________ 1.235
Benchmen................................................................. 1.225
Molders, mixers’ helpers, ingredient scalers_____ 1.175
Oven dumpers.......................................................... 1.146
Oven loaders............................................................. 1.145
Flour dumpers _
_
_
_ _ 1.125
Head slicers and wrappers, packers, and checkers. 1.095
General helpers _._ ___
_
1.085
Slicers and wrappers, _
1.065
Agreement H:
Ovenmen.................................................................
Mixers___________ ___________ ______ _____ 1.370
1.320
Benchmen.............................................................. 1.275
Icing
makers.............................................................
1.200
Cookers
1.190
Checkers................................................................... 1.180
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1,200
1.110
1.100
1.050
1.020
1.000
.970
.960
.930
1.170
1.120
1.000
.980
.970
.960
.953
.890
.700
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.220
1.130
1.120
1.040
1.020
1.020
1.085
1.020
.940
.930
.920
.870
.820
.770
.620
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.240
1.130
1.130
1.080
1.060
1.030
1.010
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.200
i. no
1.100
1.050
1.020
1.000
.970
.960
1.170
1.120
1.065
1.063
.980
.960
.700
.960
.960
1.200
1.110
1.100
1.050
1.021
1.020
1.000
.970
.960
.940
1.220
1.170
1.125
1.050
1.040
1.030
26
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
NEW YORE, N. Y.—Continued
Bread ond cake—Machine shop—Continued
Agreement H—Continued
Sweet-yeast men.............................................
Packers, floormen...........................................
Helpers............................................................
Women icers and wrappers...........................
Agreement I:
Mixers, overmen............................................
Dividers..........................................................
Benchmen...................................................
Mixers’ helpers, molders................................
Oven dumpers, oven loaders.........................
Flour dumpers................................................
Checkers, head wrappers and packers..........
Oven and bakery helpers, pan greasers.........
Machine cleaners............................................
Wrapping-machine operators........................
Agreement J:
Bread department:
Mixers, overmen........................................
Dividers.......................................................
Benchmen....................................................
Soft-roll dividers, scalers.............................
Mixers’ helpers, molders.............................
Oven feeders, oven dumpers......................
Soft-roll molder operators...........................
Flour dumpers.............................................
Checkers, head slicers, bread wrappers—
Helpers, pan greasers, rack pushers...........
Wrappers.....................................................
Cake department:
Ovenmen.....................................................
Mixers..........................................................
Icing mixers.................................................
Ingredient scalers........................................
Depositors, dough scalers...........................
Oven feeders and delivery..........................
General helpers....... ...................................
Women wrappers and packers..................
Agreement K:
Mixers, ovenmen............................................
Dividermen__................................................
Mixers’ helpers, ingredient scalers, molders..
Oven loaders or oven dumpers......................
Flour dumpers................................................
Head slicers or wrappers................................
Checkers..........................................................
General helpers...............................................
Packers............................................................
Agreement L:
Mixers.............................................................
Dividers..........................................................
Mixers’ helpers, molders................................
Checkers.........................................................
Oven feeders and dumpers.............................
Flour dumpers-..............................................
Hand wrappers and packers..........................
General helpers and pan greasers..................
Machine cleaners............................................
Agreement M:
Head ovenmen.....................................................
Mixers, ovenmen...................................................
Dividermen (bread)............................................
Dividermen and platemen (English muffins). . .
Molder operators...................................................
Mixers’ helpers, ingredient scalers.......................
Roundermen (English muffins)...........................
Wrappers...............................................................
Receiving clerks....................................................
Flour handlers.......................................................
General helpers......................................................
Box carriers, packers, shippers.............................
Agreement N:
Cake only:
Foremen.................................................................
Ovenmen, mixers..................................................
Bench hands.......................................................
Helpers...................................................................
Agreement O:
Mixers, benchmen....................................................
Ovenmen................................................................
Helpers, packers, first class...................................
Packers, second class............................................
the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
$1,175
1.130
1.090
.900
1.325
1.235
1.225
1.175
1.145
1.125
1.095
1.085
1.065
1.055
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1,025
.980
.940
.750
1.200
1.110
1.100
1.050
1.020
1.000
.970
.960
.940
.930
1.375
1.288
1.288
1.240
1.225
1.195
1.240
1.175
1.145
1.135
1.115
1.355
1.355
1.275
1.205
1.205
1.185
1.105
.900
1.325
1.235
1.175
1.145
1.125
1.095
1.088
1.085
1.055
1.355
1.235
1.175
1.158
1.145
1.125
1.095
1.085
1.065
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.200
1.110
1.100
1.065
1.050
1.020
1.015
1.000
.970
.960
.940
1.170
1.120
1.000
.980
.960
0)
0).700
1.200
1.110
1.050
1.020
1.000
.970
.963
.960
.930
1.200
1.110
1.050
.970
1.020
1.000
.970
.960
.940
1.375
1.325
1.275
1.250
1.200
1.175
1.150
1.125
1.108
1.100
1.085
1.075
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.250
1.200
1.150
1.125
1.075
1.050
1.025
1.000
.983
.975
.960
.950
1.625
1.475
1.325
1.225
1.400
1.350
1.050
.950
40
40
40
40
42
42
42
42
1.500
1.350
1.200
1.100
1.300
1.250
.950
.850
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Bate
per
per per hour
hour week
City and classification
NEW YORE, N. Y.—Continued
Pie and pastry:
Agreement A:
Ovenmen, mixers.........................................
Bench hands................................................
Second bench hands....................................
Bench hand rim makers......... ...................
Dough lumpers, bench hand egg washers_
Agreement B:
Men workers..............................................
Women workers..........................................
Agreement C:
Foremen.......................................................
Ovenmen......................................................
Meringue fillers, fruit mixers......................
Bench hands................................................
Helpers.........................................................
Agreement D:
Foremen.......................................................
First hands..................................................
Second hands or mixers...............................
Third hands.................................................
Helpers.........................................................
Doughnuts only—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Machine operators...................................
Mixers, shippers, helpers.........................
Packers, belt attendants..........................
Box makers, beginning packers..............
Agreement B:
Assistant foremen....................................
Mixers.......................................................
Cruller fryers............................................
Cooks......................................................
Benchmen.................................................
Ingredient scalers.....................................
Machine operators...................................
Helpers, checkers.....................................
Packers, sugarers....................................
Agreement C:
Machine operators...................................
Foremen................................................... .
Foremen (women)................................... .
Helpers..................................................... .
Assistant
foremen (women).....................
Packers___________________________
Crackers and cookies:
Bakers............................................................. .
Bakers helpers................................................
Packers, women.............................................
Hebrew—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
First hands..................................................
Second hands...............................................
Helpers.........................................................
Agreement B:
First hands..................................................
Second hands...............................................
Helpers..........................................................
Hebrew—Hand shops:
Agreement A:
Foremen, first hands....................................
Swingmen jobbers........................................
Second hands, third hands......................... .
Agreement B:
First hands, ovenmen..................................
Second hands................................................
Third hands..................................................
Agreement C:
First hands, ovenmen..................................
Second hands................................................
Third hands, helpers....................................
Agreement D:
Ovenmen, mixers..........................................
Bench hands.................................................
Third hands..................................................
Helpers..........................................................
Agreement E:
Foremen, first hands....................................
Mixers, ovenmen..........................................
Second hands................................................
Helpers in traveling-oven shops..................
Third hands (helpers)..................................
. $1.172
. 1.038
. 1.038
. 1.038
. 1.038
. .950
. .850
. 1.700
. 1.500
. 1.400
. 1.300
. 1.275
. 1.600
. 1.425
. 1.300
. 1.200
. 1.025
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$0,992
.872
.863
.858
.820
.850
.750
1.350
1.100
.995
.900
.875
1.475
1.300
1.175
1.075
.900
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1.200
1.050
.875
.850
1.388
1.355
1.355
1.355
1.255
1.205
1.169
1.158
1.088
1.200
1.300
1.080
1.050
1.030
.850
1.400
1.250
.850
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.050
.900
.750
.700
1.273
1.217
1.185
1.173
1.124
1.058
1.058
1.047
.976
1.050
1.150
.930
.900
.880
.750
1.400
.800
.800
. 2; 000
. 1.857
. 1.429
1.992
1.858
1.458
42
42
42
45
45
45
1.929
1.786
1.357
1.867
1.733
1.333
2.125
2.063
2.000
2.000
1.867
1.467
1.875
1.750
1.375
1.625
1.500
1.375
1.208
1.838
1.775
1.675
1.513
. 1.450
48
48
48
45
45
45
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
40
40
40
40
40
1,969
1.906
1.844
1.867
1.733
1.333
1.750
1.625
1.250
1.563
1.438
1.313
1.146
1.744
1.681
1.581
1.419
1.356
.
.
.
.
.
27
T a b l e 12.—
Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
City and classification
NEW YORK, N. Y.—Continued
Bohemian shops:
Large shops:
First hands................................................
Scalers........................................................
Second hands.............................................
Helpers, wrappers, packers, slicers..........
Small shops:
| First hands................................................
“ 'Second hands............................................
French shops:
Bread:
Agreement A:
Day work:
First hands......................... ...............
Bench hands.......................................
Agreement B:
Day work:
Foremen............................................. .
Second hands......................................
Third hands........................................
Italian shops:
Day work:
First hands................................................
Second hands.............................................
Third hands...............................................
Polish shops:
First hands....................................................
Mixers, ovenmen..........................................
Second hands................................................
Helpers..........................................................
Scandinavian shops:
Foremen (day) _...........................................
Bench hands (day).......................................
Second hands................................................
Helpers..........................................................
NORFOLK, VA.
Bread and cake:
Mixers, scalers...........................................
Oven supervisors..................................... .
Truck loaders............................................
Wrapping-machine setters........................
Molder operators, divider operators........
Flour blenders...........................................
Oven feed and delivery.............................
Mixers’ helpers..........................................
Wrapping-machine feeders.......................
Bakery helpers:
First 60 days...........................................
After 60 days........................................
Roll baggers:
First 60 days...........................................
After 60 days........................................
Cleaners, men:
First 60 days..........................................
After 60 days........................................
Cleaners, women:
First 60 days...........................................
After 60 days.-......................................
OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Foremen......................................................
Ovenmen, mixers, icing mixers..................
Bench and machine men............................
Cake depositors...........................................
Scalers.........................................................
Foremen of wrapping department.............
Checkers (bread or cake)............................
Wrapping-machine operators...................
First foreman (woman)..............................
Second foreman (woman)...........................
Cake wrapping-machine operators............
Cake icers, hand wrappers, labelers, boxers
Agreement B:
Foremen......................................................
Bench and machinemen.............................
Wrapping-machine operators...................
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
$1,660
1.600
1.565
1.020
1.650
1.555
35
35
35
40
35
35
1.544
1.413
40 1.444
40 1.319
1.452
1.405
1.357
42 1.452
42 1.405
42 1.357
1.500
1.250
1.042
1.838
1.775
1.675
1.450
1.500
1.417
1.458
1.146
48
48
48
40
40
40
40
48
48
48
48
1.150
1.050
.975
.950
.900
.855
.875
.825
.825
.725
.775
.570
.620
.625
.670
.570
.650
40 1.050
40 .950
40 .875
40 .850
40 .800
40 .780
40 .775
40 .750
40 .750
40 .650
40 .700
40 .520
40 .570
40 (0
40 (0
40 V)
40 0)
1.425
1.275
1.175
1.175
1.150
1.125
1.000
1.025
1.050
.950
.925
.825
1.357
1.119
.976
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
42
40
40
* Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
$1,530
1.480
1.435
.900
1.530
1.435
1.354
1.146
.938
1.744
1.681
1.581
1.356
1.500
1.417
1.458
1.146
1.300
1.150
1.050
1.050
1.025
.925
.875
.825
,.925
.825
.800
.700
1.300
1.050
.825
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
Rate
Rate Hours
per
per per hour
hour week
OMAHA, NEBR.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Working foremen____________________________ $1,390
Cake decorators_______________________ ______ 1.350
Dough mixers, ovenmen______________________ 1.250
Cake mixers...............................................................- 1.200
Benchmen.......... ......................................................... 1.180
Machine men............................... .............................. 1.160
Ingredient scalers............ .............................. ............. 1.150
Dough-room helpers......... .......................................... 1.070
Checkers___________________________________ 1.070
Oven dumpers______________________________ 1.070
Bake-shop helpers and packers:
First 6 months_____________________________ .850
7-12 months............................................................. .880
After 1 year_______________________________ .950
Stockmen............................................... ..................... .950
Hand wrappers and icers:
First 6 months........................................................ .710
7-12 months________ _______________________ .730
After 1 year________________-...........-................ .760
Pie and pastry:
Pie mixers_______________________ _________ 1.200
Working foremen (women)____________________ 1.030
Fruit cookers________________________________ 1.000
M iscellaneous helpers_________________________ .840
Pie fillers and wrappers_______________________ .760
Crackers and cookies:
1.060
Machine captains ....... *., , ____
Ovenmen___________________________________ 1.040
Relief m en_________________________________ 1.000
Machine men, mixers, icing department_________ .990
.980
Peelers-in, roller men, dough-up men,»- - -.
Sponge setters ________ ____________________ .950
Assembly men, utilitymen, machine men, packing
department,
stockmen, receiving and stor
age
__ _head
_ __________________________
.940
Head stockmen, shipping department, head car
loaders, checkers, labelers, head load assembly
men _____________________________________ .930
Flour dumpers, utility mixers and helpers, edgers,
.920
draw men, machine helpers . r~_
Order fillers ______________________________ .910
Pan feeders and greasers, pan loaders, take-out men,
helpers___________________________________ .900
Mixers’ helpers, assembly men’s helpers_________ .890
Paper-cutter operators________________________ .850
Casers____________________________________ .800
Relief girls__________________________________ .730
.700
Women helpers
PEORIA, ILL.
Bread
and cake—hand shops:
Foremen__
^
1.208
Ovenmen,
1.042
Ranchmen mixers____________________________
.. . _ _ _
.979
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen___________________ ___________ _____ 1.508
Ovenmen, spongers___________________________ 1.383
Benchmen, machine operators___ _____________ 1.308
TTAlpAfS
.985
Wrappers, men:
.885
First
2
weeks______________________________
Aftar 2 waaItk ,,
......
.935
Wrappers, women:
First 2 weeks______________________________ .835
After 2 weeks______________________________ .885
PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement
A:
Head oycumen
_. _
1.320
1.245
Oftire
decorators,
peel-oven_ man -.
Dough and icing mixers
1.220
Bench and machinemen, steam-box tenders, in
gredient sealers
..................... . _ . _ 1.180
Treveling-oven feAdAp* end dAliyory mfin
1.155
Bread coolers, mixers’ helpers, dough punchers— 1.130
Route and pastry packers, bread wrappers, and
packers................................................................... 1.095
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1,240
1.120
1.100
1.050
1.030
1.010
1.000
.850
.940
.960
.740
.770
.820
.820
.600
.620
.650
1.050
.900
.870
.730
.650
(0
0)
40
0)
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
(0
0)
0)
(0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
48
48
48
40
40
40
44
44
44
44
44
1.000
.833
.771
1.375
1.250
1.175
.850
.750
.800
.700
.750
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.200
1.125
1.100
1.060
1.035
1.010
.975
0)
0)
0)
28
T able
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
12
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
PHILADELPHIA, PA.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
Flour pilers, dumpers, baking helpers, stockroom
helpers, pan greasers............................................. $1,045
Women wrappers and icers.................................... .810
Agreement B:
Tray- and traveling-oven supervisors, oil ovenmen, reel and rotary ovenmen............................. 1.185
Mixers and icing makers........................................ 1.185
Tray- and traveling-oven feeders, delivery men... 1.135
Tenders, depositor operators, ingredient scalers... 1.095
Mixers’ helpers......................................................... 1.060
Flour blenders, wrapping-machine operators,
route packers......................................................... 1.035
Reel-oven helpers, machine truckers, pilers, han
dlers, roll baggers, wrappers, pan greasers........ .960
Wrappers and icers, women.................................... .745
Agreement C:
Shippers, receivers................................................... 1.315
Traveling- and tray-oven operators........................ 1.305
Mixers, inventory stockmen................................... 1.305
Decorators, oven feeders, delivery men.................. 1.255
Benchmen, divider operators, moldermen, greas
ing-machine operators, icing- and depositormachine operators, roll dividers, ingredient
1.215
Mixers’ helpers........................................................ 1.180
Pan washing-machine operators, wrapping-ma
chine operators, bread selectors, flour blenders,
assemblers, National wrapping-machine oper
ators (cake and sweet goods).................................. 1.155
General baking helpers, rackers, cutters, carton
makers................................................................... 1.080
Women employees:
Working supervisors............................................. 1.150
All other girls........................................................ .845
Agreement D:
Working foremen...................................................... 1.250
Dough mixers, ovenmen, ingredient scalers........... 1.150
Benchmen................................................................. 1.050
Depositor operators, icing- and cutting-machine
operators, shippers, stock clerks............................ 1.030
Wrapping-machine operators.................................. 1.030
Pan greasers’ helpers................................................ .900
Floorladies...................................... ....................... .800
Wrappers and icers, women.................................... .745
Pie and pastry:
Agreement A:
Working foremen..................................................... 1.314
First hands............................................................... . 1.270
Second hands....................................................... . 1.180
Packers....................................................................... 1.095
Third hands_______________________________. 1.045
Agreement B:
Working foremen..................................................... . 1.200
Head order packers, ovenmen, cooks, dough and
custard mixers....................................................... . 1.100
Floorladies................................................................ . 1.015
Washing-machine men, order packers, cook help
ers, ovenmen’s helpers, ingredient scalers.......... . 1.000
Toppers, fillers, pie makers, shell makers.............. . .950
Dish washers, helpers, wrappers, utility men and
cleaners.................................................................. . .875
Pie wrappers, crown makers................................... . .745
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Sponge and sweet baking:
Head mixers, sponge.................................._.......... 1.070
Sweet and sponge mixers, machine captains...... . 1.045
Peelers.................................................................. .. 1.020
Bakers (reel or travel)......................................... .. .995
Rollermen............................................................ .. .950
Drawmen............................................................. .. .930
Sweet mixers’ helpers.......................................... .. .920
Ovenmen, gas...................................................... .. .910
Oven firemen....................................................... .. .900
Pan cleaners, feeders (fast).................................... .870
Stackers................................................................. . .850
Pan cleaners, feeders (slow) pan men, spray-ma
chine operators.................................................. . .840
Packing and icing department:
Tally clerks........................................................... . .950
Supply men.......................................................... . .920
1 Information not available for rate and hours on July 1, 1946.
40 $0,925
40 .710
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.000
1.000
.950
.910
.875
.850
.775
.560
1.195
1.170
1.120
1.080
40 1.080
40 1.020
40 .995
40 .945
40 .970
40 .730
40 1.150
40 1.050
40 .950
40 .930
40 .930
.800
40
40 .700
40 .660
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.194
1.150
1.060
.975
.925
1.050
.950
.865
.850
.800
.725
.610
40 1.070
40 1.045
40 1.020
40 .995
40 .950
40 .930
40 .920
40 .910
40 .900
40 .870
40 .850
40 .840
40 .950
40 .920
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
PHILADELPHIA, PA.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
Packing and icing department—Continued
$0,870
Tang, mixing icing helpers..........................
.870
Paste makers................................................
Stockmen......................................................
.850
.820
Icing department tallymen..........................
.810
Scalers and weighers................................... .
.800
Floormen.......................................................
.770
Working supervisors...........................
.680
General packing, machine operators..
.650
Carton formers, other packers............
Agreement B:
1.195
Dough mixers.__
Dough mixers’ helpers, assemblers...................... 1.070
Mixing room helpers...................................... — .995
Bake house:
Machinemen......................................................... 1.195
Ovenmen.............................................................. 1.145
Dough rollers......................................................... 1.100
Relief men............................................................. 1.085
Helpers.................................................................. .995
Stockroom packing materials:
Supervisors............................................................ 1.215
Stockmen.............................................................. 1.195
Paper-cutting-machine operators......................... 1.045
Packing material helpers, wrapping-depart
ment helpers, conveyor workers....................... .995
Icing, wrapping, and packing department:
Receivers, loaders................................................ . 1.100
Set-up men............................................................ 1.065
Warehousemen’s helpers, wrapping depart
ment helpers...................................................... .995
Working supervisors............................................ .925
Packers, bundlers, weighers, stitchers, inspec
tors, hand carton formers, helpers, machine
operators, sugarers, stockers, baggers and
crimpers of lady fingers..................................... .840
General helpers (men):
Starting rate.......................................................... .820
After 200 hours.................................................... .870
.920
After
400 hours......................................................
Icing room
and feeding magazine, miscellaneous
wrapping departments (women)......................... .840
General helpers (women):
Starting rate......................................................... .700
After 200 hours. .................................................. .730
After 400 hours. .................................................. .800
After 600 hours. .................................................. .800
After 800 hours................................................... .840
Agreement C:
Machine captains.................................................... 1.190
Sponge and sweet dough mixers............................ 1.190
1.170
Peelers.....................................................................
Ovenmen................................................................. 1.140
Rollermen............................................................... 1.090
Icing mixers............................................................ 1.100
Drawmen............................................................... 1.060
Mixers’ helpers....................................................... 1.060
Dumpers................................................................. 1.045
Panmen (out)....................................................... 1.040
Supply men............................................................ 1.030
Sandwich depositor operators................................ 1.010
Stockroom men..... ................................................. 1.020
Stackers, panmen (in)............................................ .990
Pan cleaners, feeders, general helpers.................... .980
Women employees:
Set-up supervisors, wrapping-machine operators. 1.010
Working supervisors...
.910
Packers, sponge...........
.830
Packers and bundlers..
.805
Hebrew shops—Bread:
Foremen, ovenhands____
1.750
Second hand dough mixers
1.680
1.560
Third hand helpers............
Fourth hands....................
1.130
Hebrew shops—Cake:
1.750
First hands, foremen..........
1.680
Second hands.....................
1.560
Third hands.......................
1.130
Fourth hands, helpers.......
40 $0,870
40 .870
40 .850
40 .820
40 .810
40 .800
40 .770
40 .680
40 .650
40 1.045
40 .920
40 .845
40 1.045
40 .995
40 .950
40 .935
40 .845
40 0)
40 1.015
40 .895
40 .845
40 .950
40 .895
40 .845
40 .775
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
.690
.670
.720
.770
.625
.550
.580
(0
0)
(0
1.025
1.015
1.010
.975
.940
.925
.910
.905
.890
.890
.875
.855
.850
.840
.825
.860
.755
.680
.655
1.640
1.581
1.484
1.094
1.640
1.581
1.484
1.094
29
T able
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
12
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
PHOENIX, ARIZ.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen.......................................................................
Mixers, ovenmen....................................................... . $1,409
1.318
Machine and bench hands......................................... 1.227
Distribution foremen.................................................. 1.182
Checkers, shipping clerks........................................... 1.000
Pan washers..................._........................................... .818
Wrappers:
First 3 months........................................................ . .773
Second 3 months...................................................... .818
After 6 months. ....................................................... .909
Flour dumpers......................................................... .909
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Baking department:
Foremen................................................................... 1.560
Dough mixers, ovenmen........................................ . 1.450
Machinemen, bench hands..................................... 1.350
Pan washers, etc...................................................... .900
Wrapping department:
Foremen.................... .............................................. 1.300
Machine operators................................................... 1.200
Machine helpers:
First 3 months...................................................... .850
Second 3 months................................................... .900
Thereafter............................................................. 1.000
PITTSBURGH, PA.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Mixers, ovenmen, ingredient scalers.......................... 1.270
Molders, dividers, benchmen, machine hands......... 1.220
Traveling-oven feeders, dumpers............................... 1.170
Mixers, helpers, bake-shop helpers............................ 1.110
Checkers...................................................................... 1.060
Wrapping-machine setters.......................................... 1.060
Stock handlers, order assemblers............................... 1.030
Packers......................................................................... .990
Miscellaneous helpers................................................ . .980
Women helpers............................................................ .850
Hebrew bake shops:
Bread:
Ovenmen, first hands.............................................. 1.625
Mixers, second hands.............................................. 1.563
Third hands, bench hands...................................... 1.479
Cake:
First hands............................................................... 1.563
Second hands........................................................... 1.479
Unskilled help:
Shippers, bread wrappers........................................ .896
Cake
helpers................................................ .823
.884
Stock bakers’
handlers_____________________________
Pan greasers............................................................. .792
Wrappers, women.................................................... .625
Women dumpers, cake wrappers, icers, and pack
ers.......................................................................... .646
PORTLAND, OREG.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.655
Ovenmen, mixers......................................................... 1.564
Bench hands................................................................ 1.446
Head checkers.............................................................. 1.269
Assistant checkers....................................................... 1.122
Packers, hand wrappers.............................................. 1.089
Helpers:
First year.................................................................. .955
Third year................................................................ 1.145
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.737
Ovenmen, mixers......................................................... 1.638
Bench hands, machinemen......................................... 1.550
Head checkers, wrappers, stock clerks, receiving
clerks, head shipping clerks..................................- 1.454
Wrappers, machine operators..................................... 1.389
Flour blenders............................................................. 1.316
Assistant checkers....................................................... 1.297
Machine operators’ helpers......................................... 1.187
Pan greasers (helpers first year)................................. 1.029
Women employees:
Foremen, women (in charge of 4 or more girls)---- 1.194
Cake decorators........................................................ 1.139
Icers........................................................................... 1.028
Other helpers (after 1 year)..................................... 1.000
Machine shop helpers (second and third years)........ 1.244
1 Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
$1,273
1.182
1.091
1.045
.864
.682
.636
.682
.773
.773
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.400
1.300
1.200
.750
1.150
1.050
.700
.750
.850
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.170
1.120
1.070
1.010
.960
.950
.930
.890
.880
.750
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
1.563
1.500
1.417
1.500
1.417
.833
.822
.760
.729
.583
.563
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
1.455
1.389
1.257
1.119
.972
.939
.805
.991
1.537
1.463
1.390
1.332
1.239
1.166
1.147
1.037
.879
6.920
6.870
8.762
8.705
8 1.094
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
PORTLAND, OREG.—Continued
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Machinemen, sponge............................................... $1,320
Machinemen, sweet shop......................................... 1.330
Mixers....................................................................... 1.260
Peelers....................................................................... 1.245
Ovenmen.................................................................. 1.195
Rollermen................................................................. 1.170
Scalemen, wrappers.................................................. 1.148
Mixers’ helpers......................................................... 1.110
Roller-men's helpers, dough feeders, assemblymen.. 1.070
Stackers..................................................................... 1.050
Other helpers............................................................ 1.045
Women employees:
Packers.................................................................. .785
Icers and other helpers.......................................... .740
Agreement B:
Shipping clerks......................................................... 1.125
Mixers....................................................................... 1.260
Peelers....................................................................... 1.245
Ovenmen................................................................... 1.195
Rollermen................................................................. 1.170
Mixers’ helpers......................................................... 1.110
Stackers..................................................................... 1.050
Other helpers............................................................ 1.045
Women employees:
Packers.................................................................. .785
Other helpers......................................................... .785
PROVIDENCE, R.I.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Working foremen, mixers, ovenmen........................... 1.265
General helpers............................................................ 1.065
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Mixers....................................................................... 1.225
Dividers.................................................................... 1.175
Molders, traveling-oven men. ................................ 1.125
Doughnut mixers, baking mechanics, bread wrap
pers, machine adjusters, head wrappers.............. 1.100
Doughnut wrappers, utilitymen, helpers, packers.. 1.000
Agreement B:
Mixers, head ovenmen............................................. 1.290
Head benchmen, roll-oven men, dividers............... 1.190
Molders.................................................................... 1.140
Utilitymen............................................................... 1.115
Mixers’ helpers, ingredient scalers.......................... 1.090
Benchmen and bread wrappers............................... 1.070
Roll-oven helpers.................................................... 1.060
1.045
Flour
dumpers
..........................................................
Ovenmen
helpers,
checkers, molders’ helpers_____ 1.040
Wrappers.................................................................. .995
Packers..................................................................... .990
Pan greasers.............................................................. .945
Agreement C:
Mixers....................................................................... 1.290
Dividers.................................................................... 1.190
Molders..................................................................... 1.140
Ingredient scalers, mixers’ helpers........................... 1.090
Flour dumpers. ........................................................ 1.045
Ovenmen helpers, molders’ helpers, checkers_____ 1.040
Wrappers................................................................. .995
Packers............................................................. ........ .990
Pan greasers.............................................................. .950
Agreement D:
Working foremen..................................................... 1.640
Mixer scalers-....................................................... 1.290
Mixers....................................................................... 1.240
Ovenmen................................................................... 1.190
Dividers, first benchmen......................................... 1.115
Molders........................... ........................................ 1.065
Checkers, wrapping-machine operators................. .985
Benchmen, oven helpers, general helpers............... .965
Agreement E:
Mixers....................................................................... 1.300
Ovenmen......................... ........................................ 1.215
Scalers, icing mixers, icing- and cutting-machine
operators, fryers, fried-cake mixers...................... 1.105
Stock clerks, doormen, cake and fried-cake helpers
(after 2 months).................................................... .995
Pan greasers, pan washers, pan papering,«cake and
fried-cake helpers (first 2 months)........................ .915
Women helpers:
First 2 months..................................................... - .785
After 2 months. .............................................— .855
8 40-hour week on July 1,1946.
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
0)
$1,178
1.140
1.125
1.075
1.050
1.050
1.020
.950
.930
.925
.705
.660
1.000
1.140
1.125
1.075
1.050
1.020
.930
.925
.705
.660
40 1.125
40 .925
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.075
1.025
.975
.950
.850
1.150
1.050
1.000
.975
.950
.930
.920
.905
.900
.855
.850
.805
1.150
1.050
1.000
.950
.905
.900
.855
.850
.810
1.500
1.150
1.100
1.050
.975
.925
.845
.825
1.160
1.075
.965
.855
.775
.645
.715
30
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate
Rate Hours
per
per per hour
hour week
PROVIDENCE, R. I.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—continued
Agreement F:
Head
mxers and scalers..................................... $1,390
Ovenmen............................................................
1.215
Dividers....................................................
1.190
1.165
Head
wrapping-machine
operators........
IHI__
Molders...................................................
1.140
First henchmen..................................................
1.115
Mixers’ helpers...................................................
1.090
Ovenmens* helpers, henchmen, roll-oven men....... 1.065
Molders’ helpers, checkers, henchmen helpers___ 1.040
.995
Wrapping-machine
operators......................
Packers............................................................
.990
Pan greasers........................................
.945
Pie and pastry:
Cooks. .......................................................
.950
Bakers..........................................................""
.910
Receiving clerks.....................................
.880
Filling mixers..................................................
.860
Doughhreakers, helpers..................................
.850
.810
Washers, cleaners, miscellaneous workers...
Women employees:
.650
Beginners.....................................................
.690
After 3 months.......................................
After 9 months........................................
.730
Hebrew shops:
Foremen..................................................
1.458
Second hands.............................................
1.354
READING, PA.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Mixers....................................................................... 1.220
Oven
feeders,
bread; ovenmen, cake and sweets; 1.200
all round
bakers...................................................
Dividers, molders, batter scalers, oven delivery
men, bench hands, bread-wrapping-machine 1.150
operators................................................................
Ingredient scalers and mixers’ helpers.................... 1.125
Icing mixers, women...... ......................................... 1.000
Cake packers, women; bread rackers, blenders__ 1.050
Pan rackers, loaf stackers, sweet-bun icers, semi
automatic
wrappers, men;
pan greasers
____________
____ and
___ 1.000
washers, women_____
Cake decorators, women.......................................... 1.000
Cake icers, women................................................... .820
Cake and sweet wrappers, women........................ .780
Agreement B:
Foremen, packing room......................................... . 1.225
1.225
Foremen, bread and cake__________
Stockmen...................................................I........ 1.150
1.200
Mixers, oven supervisors.....................
Ingredient scalers, second mixers............................ 1.200
1.125
Wrapping-machine operators................................. 1,150
Divider operators, henchmen, molders................. .
Ovenmen................................................................ 1.150
Floor packers........................................................... 1.100
Helpers:
Stockmen............................................................. 1.075
Bread and cake, ovenmen........... ....................... 1.000
Women................................................................. .740
RICHMOND, VA.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Mixers.............................................
1.180
Dividers..........................................
1.100
5 1.050
1.030
Oven feeders and dumpers______________
1.000
Oven tenders............................................
.850
General helpers............................................. .
.800
Icers and wrappers, women..........................
Agreement B:
Cake mixers, icing mixers, doughnut-machine
1.050
operators......................................................
Ovenmen.................................................
1.000
Depositors..........................................I___
.950
Ingredient scalers.......................................... .
.900
.850
Foremen (women) helpers (men)________
.800
Hand icers and wrappers, helpers (women)..
Sweet goods department:
Dough mixers.................................................
1.180
Oven feeders...................................................
1.030
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
48
48
$1,250
1.075
1.050
1.025
1.000
.975
.950
.925
.900
.855
.850
.805
.860
.820
.800
.780
.770
.730
.550
.590
.630
1.458
1.354
40 1.075
40 1.050
40 1.000
40 .975
40 .900
40 .900
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40.
40
.850
.800
.730
.690
1.175
1.075
1.025
1.050
1.025
.975
1.000
.975
.950
.925
.850
.640
40 1.080
40 1.000
40 .950
40 .930
40 .900
40 .750
40 .700
40 .950
40 .900
40 .850
40 .800
40 .750
40 .700
40 1.080
40 .930
City and classification
July 1,1947 ;
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
RICHMOND, VA.—Continued
Sweet goods department—continued
Agreement C:
Bread:
Mixers __ ___________________ _____ __ $1.180
Dividers, ovenmen .. ___________________ 1.100
Molders, roll-machine men, wrapping-machine
operators ____ ___________________ 1.050
Oven feeders and dumpers_________________ 1.030
General helpers, pan greasers....___— ______ .850
Cake:
Mixers ________________________________ 1.050
Ovenmen. _ ___________________________ 1.000
Depositors, scalers___ ___________________ .950
TFTelpers (men)
_____________ .850
Cake wrappers, icers, women ____________ .800
Agreement D:
Bread:
1.310
Working and shipping foremen .
Mixers
_ _ __________________ 1.170
"Dividers
_ _ __________________ 1.090
Wrapping-machine operators, mixers’ helpers.. 1.040
Molders helpers, wrapping-machine operators’ 1.040
* Molders’
helpers, bread packers___________________ .920
.870
Generalblenders___
helpers________________-_________
Flour
___________________ .820
1.020
Oven feeders, dumpers
Cake and doughnuts:
Foremen____________ ________ __________ 1.310
_____ ___________________ 1.170
Mixers .
Cake slicers. hand icers____________________ .830
Doughnut-machine operators, oven tenders....... 1.090
Foremen (women)________________________ .980
Wrapping-machine operators_______________ .880
Depositors
_ _ ___________________ .900
Helpers (women)
.780
Agreement E:
Bread
and
rolls:
Mixers ____ ___________________ 1.180
Dividers,ovenmen
.... r
1.100
Roll-machine operators, dough mixers’ helpers,
molders, wrapping-machine operators
1.050
Oven feeders and dumpers.
__ _
1.030
Wrappers, feeders
— ___ - .950
General helpers__________________________ .850
Cake and doughnut:
Doughnut-machine operators, mixers, icing
1.050
mixers .
1.000
Ovenmen_______________________________
Cake-depositor operators _
.950
Scalers__________________________________ .900
General helpers (men), machine wrappers, fore
men (women), icing machine operators......... . _ .850
Icers, wrappers (women), general help (women). .800
Crackers and cookies:
1.025
Dongb mixers u ir .
1.000
Checkers ,,.
_ n.
Maehinemen, numbers, ovenmen
.975
Wrapping and automatic carton forming
.950
.925
"Dough rollers___ .. .
. —
Stockmen .....
.,
_. .
.900
Finished
mixers goods stockmen, icing-machine men and .875
deceiving clerks, mixers and bakers* helpers
.850
Dough rollers’ helpers________________________ .800
Shippers, stockmen helpers, icing helpers, packing
department helpers
.
.775
Women employees, after ft months _ .
.750
ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
1.426
First
.. __ mixers _ _. _ _
Seeondhands
hands, ovenmen,
1.336
Third hands, heneh hands , _
1.286
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
1.405
First
Senondhands________________________________
bands . . .
1.300
Third hands, bench hands _ _ _ ., _ . 1.250
Feeders and dumpers
_ _
1.300
.980
Decorators .....
...... .
Icers, cooky-machine assistants, helpers, wrappers
and finishers........................................................... .850
40 $1,080
40 1.000
40 .950
40 .930
40 .750
40 .950
40 .900
40 .850
40 .750
40 .700
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.190
1.050
.920
.920
.870
.800
.750
.700
.870
1.190
1.050
.700
.920
.850
.750
.750
.650
40 1.080
40 1.000
40 .950
40
.850
40
40 .750
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.900
.850
.800
.750
.700
.875
.850
.825
.800
.775
.750
.725
.700
.650
.625
.600
40 1.275
40 1.090
40 1.060
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.275
1.190
1.150
1.150
.850
.750
31
T able
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
12
City and classification
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement A—continued
Women employees:
Foremen (women)................................................
General helpers, wrappers....................*..............
Agreement B:
Mixers.......................... ..................................... .....
Dividermen..............................................................
Moldermen, henchmen, overmen, assemblymen,
batchmen, oven dumpers, and feeders...............
Flour blenders, mixers’ helpers..............................
Wrapping-machine operators..................................
Flour handlers.........................................................
Pan greasers; oven, bench, and machine helpers;
bread rackers; checkers and packers...................
Wrapping and slicing helpers.................................
Agreement C:
First hands or foremen............................................
Mixers.................................................................... .
Second hands, overmen..........................................
Third hands, machine or bench hands, shipping
clerks....................................................................
General helpers, wrappers.......................................
Hebrew shops:
Overmen mixers, first cake bakers...........................
Bench hands, second cake bakers..............................
Crackers and cookies:
Shop foremen...............................................................
Batch scalers, dough mixers, machine operators,
oven feeders, oven dumpers....................................
Rack pullers, cooky dumpers, pan cleaners, carton
packers and helpers................................................ .
Women employees:
Foremen.................................................................. .
Wrappers and packers.............................................
ROCK ISLAND, ILL.
(Includes Davenport, Iowa, and Moline, 111.)
Bread—Hand shops:
Foremen.......................................................................
First bakers.................................................................
Second bakers..............................................................
Helpers.........................................................................
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Wrapping-machine operators.....................................
Pan rackers, roll partners............................................
Helpers, open kettle fryers, icing-machine operators.
Rackers, pan greasers..................................................
Cake dumpers.............................................................
Hand wrappers, icers, etc. (women) after 1 year......
Bread and rolls—Machine shops:
Checkers, shipping clerks...........................................
Stockmen, packers, wrapping-machine helpers.........
Hand wrappers and icers, women:
1-6 months................................................................
After 6 months.........................................................
Pie and pastry:
Working foremen........................................................
Scalers..........................................................................
ST. LOUIS, MO.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen.......................................................................
Second hands, benchmen............................................
Bread—Machine shops:
Foremen.......................................................................
Oven hands..................................................................
Assistant spongers.......................................................
First bench hands, scalers...........................................
Bench and machine hands..........................................
Bread counters.............................................................
Helpers, pan greasers..................................................
Ingredient scalers.........................................................
Wrapping and slicing-machine operators...................
Packers:
Experienced..............................................................
Inexperienced...........................................................
Beltmen:
First 6 months..........................................................
Experienced..............................................................
Foremen (women).......................................................
3 48-hour week on July 1,1946.
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
$0,980
.760
1.180
1.130
1.080
1.030
.980
.966
.930
.906
1.300
1.280
1.200
1.160
.980
1.911
1.767
1.080
1.030
.880
.800
.730
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
40
40
40
40
40
1.276
1.170
1.120
.860
1.236
1.035
.885
.885
.835
.785
1.035
.885
.685
.735
1.285
1.235
48
48
48
48
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.167
1.071
1.603
1.493
1.438
1.410
1.383
1.218
1.190
1.073
.998
1.085
1.010
.923
.998
.910
48
48
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
City and classification
ST. LOUIS, MO.—Continued
Bread—Machine shops—Continued
Women
helpers: __ _ . ___
Experienced
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
$0,860
Inexperienced _ _ ____
$0,850
.785
.700 Cake—Machine shops:
Foremen
......
.
_
.
.
...
1.603
1.030 Ovenmen, mixers
_ __ _
1.493
.980 Machine hands______________________________
1.383
Helpers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1.190
.930 Teing mixers, ingredient sealers ..
1.159
.880 Miscellaneous helpers:
.830
Experienced................................ ............................. .960
.805
Inexperienced___ __________________________ .885
Foremen
(women)
.910
.780 Women helpers:
.755
Experienced ... . „
.860
Inexperienced _ _
.785
1.170 Crackers
and cookies:
1.170 Agreement
A:
1.090
Oven operators
__ _ ____
1.225
Cracker-dough mixers, sweet-dough mixers,
1.060
graham-dough mixers, dough-machine set-up
.880
and operators, sponge mixers, enrobing machine
set-up and operators _
1.200
31.667
Dough-break-machine
feeders, marshmallow ma
31.631
chine
set-up
and
operators,
icing
machine
set-up
anr| operators
1.175
.930
Mixers’
helpers
(sweetmixers.
and graham dough), icing
mixers,
marshallow
1.100
.880
Head stockkeepers ...
... .
1.075
Dongh-hreak
roll
feeders.
1.050
.730
Wrapping-machine set-np men
1.000
Jam mixers, sirup mixers, vanilla sugar mixers,
.660
scrap grinders, machine relief............................... .975
.680
Scrap
(women),
carton-forming-machine
opera
tors
_ _ ... .
_ _
.925
Miscellaneous help, packers, off wrapping ma
chine,
wire-tie-machine
operators,
sack
cleaners,
stockkeepers, carton peelers .
.850
Healers
..........
.800
Women
helpers:
1.125
Experienced __
.750
1.020
Inexperienced _
.700
.970 Agreement
B:
.750
Sponge mixing department:
1.135
.950
Head
mixers_____________________________
Sponge and dough mixers _
_ __
1.025
.850
Mixers’ helpers
.925
.750
.700
Sweet mixing department:
1.125
Head
mixers
.
.
. . .
.700
Mixers
. . ............
_
.650
1.085
.925
Mixers’ helpers
__
.900
Baking department:
.750
Machineman____________________________ 1.125
1.085
Peelers
.650
1.025
Rollermen, AVenmen
Oven teke-ont men . ......................... .
.985
.600
.9*55
Sheeters
and
laminators,
reliefmen
(sweet).........
fJost and raw material checkers _
.905
1.200
Stackers, men
......
.935
.900
General help, semiskilled __
_ „ .855
Sponge and sweet-packing department:
.895
Supply men
__
General help, semiskilled, m en......
.855
.810
1.083
Working supervisors, women_______________
.770
.988
Checkers, women, cello-bag-machine
operators—
Weighers
.................
.
_ _ .700
General help, semiskilled, women - ... __
1.468
.660
1.358
Icing
department:
Mixers, machioemen
1.025
1.303
Marshmallow and icing mixers
.970
1.275
1.248
Supply men_____________________________ .895
1.083
Women employees:
.845
1.055
Machine operators,
Checkers______________________________ .770
.938
.740
Machine feeders. .
.863
Trolley girls____________________________ .660
General help, semiskilled, men _
.855
.950
General help, semiskilled, women ..............660
.875
Carton and caddy forming and wrapping depart
.788
ment:
Machinemen (set-up aTid adjusters).
1.055
.863
Machine operators, men....................................... .975
.775
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$0,725
.650
1.468
1.358
1.248
1.055
1.024
.825
.750
.775
.725
.650
40 1.075
40 1.050
40 1.025
m
40 .950
40 .925
40 .900
40 .850
40 .825
40 .775
40
40
40
40
.700
.650
.600
.550
40 1.035
40 .925
40 .825
40 1.035
40 .925
40 .825
40 1.025
40 .985
40 .925
40 .885
40 .835
40 .805
40 .795
40 .755
40 .795
40 .755
40 .740
40 .700
40 .630
40 .590
40 .925
40 .850
40 .795
40 .775
40 .700
40 .650
40 .590
40 .755
40 .590
40
40
.955
.875
32
T able
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1 , 1946— Continued
12
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
ST. LOUIS, MO.—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Agreement B—Continued
Receiving and warehouse department:
Working supervisors, men.................................... $1,006
Receivers................................................................ .926
Receivers’ helpers, loaders.................................... .876
Shipping department:
Working supervisors............................................. 1.006
Checkers-.............................................................. .925
Assemblers and loaders........................................ .875
Women employees:
Checkers--......................................................... .800
Assemblers and loaders..................................... .760
Agreement C:
Baking and mixing departments:
Head mixers, machine captains........................... 1.095
Peelers..................... ............................................. 1.045
Bakers, sponge mixers, assemblymen.................. 1.015
Rollermen.............................................................. .995
Ovenmen, drawmen............................................. .945
Mixers’ helpers, stackers, general help................ .895
Packing department:
Floormen............................................................... .895
Women employees:
Working supervisors.......................................... .895
Packers, sponge.................................................. .795
Tally clerks........................................................ .775
Packers, sweet, bundlers, machine operators,
weighers and closers, “Q” formers and
stitchers, general help, carton formers........... .745
Icing department:
Mixers.................................................................... .925
Mixers’ helpers...................................................... .895
Working supervisors (women)............................ .795
Machine operators, other helpers (women)......... .745
Hebrew hand shops:
Foremen, bakers, ovenmen.................................. 1.354
Second hands......................................................... 1.146
Miscellaneous helpers........................................... .542
ST. PAUL, MINN.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen, supervising 6 or more workers................... 1.289
Foremen,
5 orhands..................................
less workers, first hands.. 1.178
1.111
Ovenmen,supervising
mixers, bench
Wrappers...................................................................... .911
Helpers:
First 6 months.......................................................... .667
6-12 months.............................................................. .722
12-18 months............................................................. .778
2 years....................................................................... .833
months............................................................. .889
324-30
years.......................................................................
1.000
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
„
Foremen................................................. _________ 1.420
Sponge
and dough
mixers, ovenmen and oven
operators.........
.........................................................
1.260
Bench hands, dividers, molders, bun-machine
operators................................................................... 1.200
Oven feeders and dumpers, slicing- and wrappingmachine operators.................................................... 1.130
Doughnut-machine operators..................................... 1.260
1.030
Oven helpers,
Helpers
(men):bench helpers, twisters and panners-.
First 8 weeks............................................................ .900
After 8 weeks............................................................ 1.000
Women employees:
Foremen................................ .................................. 1.030
Finishers, packers and wrappers:
First 8 weeks......................................................... .740
After 8 weeks......................................................... .820
Bread and cake—Semimachine shops:
Foremen, supervising up to 5 workers....... .............. 1.247
Ovenmen, dough mixers, bench hands...................... 1.176
Wrapping-machine operators..................................... .965
Hand workers (women) after 6 months..................... .847
Helpers, first year........................................................ .776
After first year................................_........................ .894
Cake—Machine
shops:
Foremen.......................................................................
1.420
Mixers, ovenmen.......................................I................ 1.260
Depositors and/or drop-machine operators.............— 1.200
Ingredient scalers, fruit cookers, kettle fryers............ 1.150
Icing or jell-machine operators.................................... 1.000
1 Information not available for rate and hours on July 1, 1946.
40 $0,905
40 .805
40 .775
40 .905
40 .805
.775
40 .730
40 .680
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.945
.895
.865
.845
.795
.745
.745
.745
.645
.625
40 .595
40 .775
40 .745
40 .645
40 .595
48 1.354
48 1.146
48 .542
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
42*£
42*$
42*$
42*4
42*$
42*4
40*4
40*4
40
40
40
1.178
1.067
1.000
.800
.600
.650
.700
.750
.800
.900
1.275
1.125
1.075
1.015
1.000
.925
.825
.900
.925
.680
.740
1.129
1.059
.847
.729
.659
.776
1.275
1.100
1.000
1.000
0)
City and classification
July 1, 1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
ST. PAUL, MINN.—Continued
Cake—Machine shops—Continued
Helpers:
First 8 weeks............................................................ $0,900
After 8 weeks............................................................ 1.000
Women employees:
Foremen.................................................................. 1.030
Wrapping-machine operators, semi-automatic....... 1.000
Wrappers, packers, finishers:
First 8 weeks......................................................... .740
After 8 weeks......................................................... .820
Crackers and cookies:
Head sweet-dough mixers........................................... 1.250
Peelers, reliefmen, sponge ovenmen ........................ 1.220
Foremen....................................................................... 1.220
Head sponge dough mixers......................................... 1.170
Assistant sponge dough mixers................................... 1.130
Rollermen.................................................................... 1.150
Assistant sweet dough mixers..................................... 1.130
Dough scalers, sweet-oven reliefmen, cracker stack1.050
1.090
Marshmallow mixers, sweet-oven men, machinemen. 1.090
Drawmen................................................................... 1.050
Pan greasers, flour dumpers........................................
Unclassified helpers (men):
Starting rate.............................................................. .860
.930
After 3 months. - ...................................................... 1.000
After 6 months. .......................................................
Women employees:
Floorladies............................................................... .860
Cracker packers. ...................................................... .840
.820
Assistant floorladies................................................ .820
Cooky packers..........................................................
Wrappers, cracker-machine operators.................... .820
Unclassified helpers:
Starting rate.............................................................. .680
After 3 months......................................................... .730
After 6 months.......................................................... .780
SALT LAKE, CITY, UTAH
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.360
Ovenmen, mixers......................................................... 1.200
Bench hands............................................................. . 1.180
Shipping clerks, head wrappers....... ......... ............... 1.020
Helpers:
First year.................................................................. .800
Second year...... ......................... ............................. .880
Third year................................................................. .990
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen................................................... -......... ........ 1.440
Mixers, ovenmen......................................................... 1.300
Ingredient scalers........................................................ 1.240
1.190
Machinemen, benchmen............................................. 1.120
Shipping clerks, head wrappers.................................. 1.070
Checkers-.................................................................... .970
Rackers, pan greasers, all second year helpers........... .970
Foremen (women).......................................................
Helpers, first year. ...................................................... .870
Wrapping-machine operators (women)...................... .850
leers, wrappers, packers, labelers, sweet-roll pan .800
ners (women)............................................................
Crackers and cookies:
Assistant foremen (icing), machinists....................... .950
Panners (out)............................................................... .925
Panners (in)................................................................. .900
Sponge mixers.............................................................. .875
Cracker edgers............................................................. .775
Sponge packers............................................................. .750
Weighers...................................................................... .685
Case makers................................................................. .680
.650
Sweet packers......... ................................................... .625
Cello-nest cutters, cello-machine operators (women).
Feeders, machinemen.................................................. .600
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS
Crackers and cookies:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.275
Shipping foremen......................................................... 1.175
Dough and sponge mixers, ovenmen, shipping clerks 1.050
or checkers................................................................
Machinemen, dividers, ingredient scalers, loaders,
dumpers and bench hands, wrapping-machine .950
operators...................................................................
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$0,825
.900
.925
.900
.680
.740
1.130
1.100
1.080
1.060
1.020
1.000
0)
0).980
.970
.940
.780
.830
.890
.770
.750
.740
.730
.720
.600
.650
.700
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.160
1.020
1.000
.860
.650
.730
.830
1.290
1.150
1.090
1.040
.970
.920
.870
.820
.770
.750
.700
.850
.825
.800
.775
.675
.650
.585
.580
.550
.525
.500
40 1.125
40 1.025
40 .900
40
.800
33
T able
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
12
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Helpers:
Experienced.................................................... . . $0,850
First 3 months................................................ . . .700
3-6 months.-.................................................. . . .750
6-9 months--.................................................. . . .800
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Dairy, lunches, restaurants, cafeterias:
Foremen, ovenmen.......................................
. 1.675
Bench hands................................................
. 1.550
Other hand shops:
Foremen........................................................
.
1.670
Ovenmen, mixers..........................................
. 1.600
Bench hands.................................................
. 1.520
Bread department—Machine shops:
Foremen............................................................
. 1.780
Mixers, ovenmen.............................................
. 1.720
Bench hands....................................................
. 1.630
Flour blenders..................................................
. 1.540
Helpers (after 1 year).......................................
. 1.340
Cake department—Women employees:
Ornamental icers..............................................
. 1.240
Foremen (women)..........................................
. 1.180
Icers (after 3 months)....... ..............................
. 1.090
Wrappers, packers, other helpers....................
. .980
Pie and pastry:
Foremen............................................................
. 1.810
Ovenmen, mixers.............................................
. 1.740
Journeymen pie makers...................................
. 1.630
Helpers (after first year)..................................
. 1.310
French and Italian—Hand shops:
Foremen, ovenmen, mixers.--.......................
. 1.620
Bench hands__________________________
. 1.500
French and Italian—Machine shops:
Foremen, ovenmen, mixers.............................
. 1.620
Bench hands.....................................................
. 1.500
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Machinemen, ovenmen, mixers...................
. 1.575
Cellophane or wax-wrapping-machine operators. _.. 1.370
Mixers’ helpers..............................................
. 1.405
Icers..............................................................
. 1.340
Head shipping clerks. ..................................
_ 1.335
Shippers and receivers..................................
. 1.300
Benchmen....................................................
. 1.200
Floorladies....................................................
- 1.050
j-Uiiig guis, awetjb paupers, weigueis, wrappers, re
lief girls, carton and caddy foremen, bundlers,
stickers, cellophane-machine operators.—
. .950
Agreement B:
Machinemen, head mixers...........................
. 1.545
Peelers, ovenmen, reliefmen.........................
. 1.490
Rollermen......................................................
. 1.410
Sponge-oven drawmen, mixers’ helpers.......
. 1.375
Icers............................................................... .
. 1.360
Wrapping-machine set-up men....................
. 1.330
Icing helpers.................... ............................ .
. 1.300
Sweet-dough feeders, pan greasers, pan feeders,
sweet-oven helpers, oven feeders..............
. 1.295
Assemblymen, shippers, receivers...............
. 1.270
Traveling-oven feeders..................................
1.220
. 1.190
Flour dumpers—..........................................
. 1.180
Wrapping-machine helpers..........................
Women workers:
Supervisors, part time sponge- and sweetworkers................................................................ 1.020
Sponge packers, wrappers, bundlers, weighers,
. .920
carton formers.........................................
. .900
sweet packers..
SCRANTON, PA.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Agreement A:
. 1.173
Ovenmen, dough mixers, second hands.
. 1.059
Bench hands............................................
.923
Assistant bench hands............................
.809
Helpers.....................................................
Agreement B:
1.115
Mixers, ovenmen, first hands.................
1.010
Bench hands, oven helpers......................
* 48-hour week on July 1, 1946.
40
40
40
40
40
40
42
42
42
38
38
38
38
38
40
40
40
40
42
42
42
42
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
44
44
44
44
48
48
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
lAifi_
ImO—
Rate
Rate Hours
per
per hour
per week
hour
SCRANTON PA.—Continued
Bread and cake—Hand shops—Continued
Agreement B—Continued
Shippers.................................................................... $0,896
$0,800
Wrappers, utilitymen.............................................. .844
.625
Helpers......................................................................
.646
.675 Bread and cake—Machine shops:
.725 Agreement A:
Bread and rolls department:
Shipping clerks..................................................... 1.240
Mixers, molders.................................................... 1.140
Dividers................................................................. 1.080
Third mixers......................................................... 1.070
1.422
Ovenmen............................................................... 1.075
1.333
Proof-box men....................................................... 1.015
Flour
blenders, mixers’ helpers, molding1.460
machine helpers................................................. 1.000
1.390
Assistant
shipping clerks...................................... .975
1.310
Pan setters............................................................. .985
Traveling-oven
feeders and receivers................... .950
1.570
Bench hands__________________ _________ .913
1.510
.925
Wrappers,
pan
greasers........................................
1.420
Packers.................................................................. .913
1.330
.900
Hand
wrappers....................................................
1.130
General helpers..................................................... .838
Cake
department:
1.040
General
utilitymen............................................... 1.020
.980
Mixers, ovenmen— ............................................. .908
.890
Depositor operators, pan greasers........................ .858
.780
Helpers................................................................... .795
Women employees:
1.570
Machine operators......................................... .708
1.510
Icers and helpers, other jobs.......................... .695
1.420 Agreement
B:
1.130
Bread department:
Mixers,
sponge-dough scalers............................... 1.250
1.420
Traveling ovenmen, shipping clerks.................... 1.200
1.300
Mixers’ assistants.................................................. 1.125
Bread rackers........................................................ 1.100
1.570
Dividers, molder operators................................. . 1.075
1.420
Belief men............................................................. 1.250
Receiving clerks, flour blenders........................... 1.050
Assistant shipping clerks...................................... 1.025
1.405
Wrapping-machine
operators............................... 1.050
1.200
Molders’ helpers.................................................... 1.000
1.190
.925
Pan
greasers...........................................................
1.170
Cake department:
1.165
1.325
W
orking
foremen.................................................
1.130
Receiving clerks.................................................... 1.200
1.030
Mixers and scalers................................................. 1.250
.860
Shipping clerks...................................................... 1.200
1.075
Depositors..............................................................
Ovenmen______________________________ _ 1.200
.780
Icing mixers.......................................................... 1.250
Oven helpers..................................................— .975
1.405
Wrapping-machine operators............................... 1.050
1.350
Depositors’ helpers............................................... 1.000
1.270
Dumpers................................................................ .925
1.235
Pan greasers—....................................................... .900
1.220
Packers, shipping-room helpers.......................... .925
1.190
Box sorters............................................................ .825
1.160
Stockmen............................................................... .975
Women employees:
1.155
Wrapping-machine operators............................ .775
1.130
Wrappers, icers, after 6 months, box-makers __ .725
1.080
Icers and general helpers, first 6 months.......... .650
1.050
Variety department:
1.040
Traveling-oven feeders and dumpers................... 1.200
Shippers................................................................. 1.200
Sponge and dough mixers..................................... 1.250
.880
Dough mixers and scalers..................................... 1.250
Wrapping-machine operators............................... 1.050
.780
Junior shipping clerks.......................................... 1.000
Assistant dough rollers and bench hand as
.760
sistants, machine packers, and operators......... .950
Pan greasers and rackers...................................... .825
Bun packers and variety rackers......................... .850
Agreement C:
Relief men................................................................. 1.220
Receiving clerks........................................................ 1.195
*.937
Doughnut-machine operators, oven operators,
*833
mixers..................................................................... 1.145
*708
Wrapping-machine operators (women), scalers,
*.604
divider and molder operators............................. 1.095
Stockmen, cake depositors....................................... 1.070
.927
Tray
ovenmen, industrial pan washers.................. 1.045
.812 1
48 $0,625
48 .583
48 .500
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.215
1.115
1.055
1.045
.990
.990
.975
.950
.935
.925
.888
.875
.863
.850
.788
.995
.883
.808
.770
.683
.670
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.150
1.100
1.025
1.000
.950
.950
.925
.900
.875
.875
.810
1.075
1.075
.900
.900
.850
.850
.840
.810
.810
.810
.760
.735
.705
.680
.760
.638
.625
.545
1.000
.950
.950
.900
.840
.825
.815
.650
.650
1.050
1.025
.975
.925
.900
.875
34
T able
.— Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1, 19J+7 and July 1, 1946— Continued
12
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
SCRANTON, PA.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement C—Continued
Fan rackers, flour blenders, henchmen, proof-box
men. depositors’ helpers, loaders...................... $1,020
Mixers’ helpers, oven dumpers and feeders........... .995
Oven bread rackers, cake dumpers......................... .995
Bread packers and truckers, carton makers, pan
greasers.................................................................. .950
Industrial pan washers’ helpers (men)................... 1.045
General baking helpers............................................ .850
Women employees:
Working foremen (women)....................:............ .900
Pan greasers, cake cutters, machine wrappers,
depositors, bread rackers................................... .750
Doughnut-machine helpers, selectors, bread
roll girls, bench helpers, floor girls, icers, cakeshop girls, hand wrappers................................. .700
Bread only—Machine shops:
Shipping clerks.......................................................... . 1.398
Mixers, peel-oven men, molders, divider operators,
utilitymen— ............................................................ 1.320
Flour blenders............................................................. 1.185
Mixers’ helpers........................................................... 1.195
Molders’ helpers.......................................................... 1.145
Pan greasers....................................................... ......... 1.145
Traveling-oven feeders and dumpers, assistant
shippers................................................................ 1.145
Machine wrappers..................................................... 1.145
Bread rackers and pick-ups:
First 3 months........................................................ 1.020
After 3 months...................................................... 1.145
Pie and cake:
Fruit cookers.............................................................. 1.413
Mixers.............................................. ......................... 1.163
Ovenmen................................................................... 1.138
Shipping clerks.......................................................... 1.063
Helpers. ...................................................................... .925
Scalers......................................................................... .875
Cake dumpers, pan greasers, depositor operators. .. .850
Fruit cookers’ helpers................................................ .950
Depositors’ helpers, bowl washers............................ .800
Women employees:
Icers, packers............................................................. .725
Box makers, wrappers, wrapping-machine operators. .725
Crackers and cookies:
1.135
Mixers................................................................
1.075
Working foremen...........................................
Shipping clerks............................................................ .950
Marshmallow mixers.................................................. .895
Peelers, machinemen, assistant mixers...................... .855
Ovenmen.................................................................. . .855
Assistant machinemen................................................ . .830
Ovenmen’s helpers, assistant shipping clerks........... .810
Stackers, pan feeders, dough rollers, oven feeders... . .745
Pan catchers and greasers, flour blenders, sugar
grinders, general helpers.......................................... .710
Utilitymen.................................................................. .650
Women employees:
Working foremen.................................................... . .660
Working foremen, second and third floor.............. .625
Machine operators and handlers........................... .635
Marshmallow girls, box makers, packers, bun- .625
dlers, stackers, all others...........................
SEATTLE, WASH.
Bread and cake—Hand and machine shops:
1.836
Foremen..
1.710
Mixers, ovenmen, machinemen.
1.634
Bench hands..
1.334
Control-room men................................
Helpers:
1.328
After 1 year.......................................
1.450
After 2 years......................................
Unskilled help:
1.175
Stockmen......................................... .
_ 1.075
Men-in-charge, assistant stockmen..
General helpers:
.900
First 6 months...............................
. .950
6-12 months.................................. .
. 1.025
After 1 year....................................
Women:
. 1.000
Floorladies.........................................
.950
Assistant floorladies..........................
.940
Machine operators, experienced-----
40 $0,850
40 .825
40 .880
40 .800
40 .775
40 .700
40 .750
40 .630
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.580
1.283
1.205
1.070
1.040
1.030
1.024
.980
.955
.880
.980
.938
.963
.938
.813
.725
.675
.650
.550
.550
.588
.550
1.085
1.025
.900
.845
.805
.800
.780
.760
.695
.660
.600
.610
.575
.585
.575
36
36
36
36
36
36
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.670
1.545
1.465
1.165
1.130
1.285
1.100
1.000
.750
.805
.930
.885
.835
.810
1 Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
City and classification
July 1, 1947 jruly 1,
1946Rate ]Eours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
SEATTLE, WASH—Continued
Bread and cake—Hand and machine shops—Continued
Women—Continued
General workers:
First 6 months...................................................... $0,700
6-12 months........................................................... .750
1 year and over..................................................... .825
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Machinemen............................................................ 1.360
Mixers....................................................................... 1.280
Ovenmen.................................................................. 1.180
Scalers, wrappers................................................. 1.080
Mixers' helpers........................................................ 1.120
Pan cleaners, sweepers, feeders, and other helpers: .980
First 6 months...................................................
After 6 months..................................................... 1.030
Women employees:
Plain sweet packers.............................................. .730
Agreement B:
Machinemen......................................................— 1.480
Mixers:
1.480
First....................................................................... 1.330
Second...................................................... ............
Peelers..................................................................... . 1.330
Ovenmen:
First..................................................................... . 1.330
Second................................................................... 1.230
Rollermen................................................................ 1.230
Scalers and wrappers.............................................. 1.130
Mixers’ helpers........................................................ 1.150
Feeders, sweepers, and other helpers:
First 6 months..................................................... . .980
After 6 months________________ _________ . 1.080
Women employees:
Sponge packers, experienced................................ .880
Plain sweet and combination packers, icing and .830
sugar-wafer girls. ______
Agreement C:
. 1.305
Machinemen...............................
1.225
Mixers.........................................
1.205
Peelers.........................................
1.160
Ovenmen.....................................
1.115
Rollermen...................................
1.095
Scalers, wrappers, oven helpers.
1.055
Mixers’ helpers...........................
.985
Stackers.......................................
.985
Icing helpers...............................
Sweepers and other helpers:
.980
After 6 months.........................
1.165
Receiving clerks..........................
.930
Pan cleaners and feeders............
.765
packers..............................................................
.725
Plain sweet packers, icing and sugar wafers.
Agreement D:
1.430
Machinemen........................................................
Mixers, peelers, ovenmen............................... .. 1.280
1.180
Rollermen.......................................................
Scalers and wrappers...................................... . 1.080
Feeders and other helpers:
After 6 months............................................ . 1.080
Pan cleaners and other helpers:
.930
First 6 months.............................................
.850
Experienced sponge packing..........................
_ .800
Plain sweet packers........................................
.800
Icing and sugar wafers....................................
. .850
Combination packers.....................................
SOUTH BEND, IND.
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Agreement A:
1.750
First hands........................................
1.375
Second hands.....................................
Agreement B:
.. 1.550
Working foremen..............................
__ 1.320
Bench hands......................................
.. .900
Bench helpers..................................
Bread mid cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
L,
.. 1.260
receiving clerks.........
.. 1.260
Molder operators.........
.. 1.210
Benchmen, repairmen.
„ 1.040
Stockroom helpers.......
40 $0,600
40 .635
40 .710
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.155
1.075
1.010
.945
.905
.780
.830
.635
1.300
1.300
1.150
1.150
1.150
1.105
1.050
.950
0
.850
.900
.700
.650
1.155
1.075
1.055
1.010
.965
.945
.905
.835
.830
.830
1.015
.780
.675
.635
1.250
1.100
1.000
.900
.750
.750
.700
.650
0).650
40 1.375
40 1.250
42 1.050
42 .900
42 .750
40
40
40
40
1.135
1.105
1.085
1.030
35
T a b l e 12. — Union scales of wages and hours in
City and classification
the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1, 1946— Continued
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
SOUTH BEND, IND.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement A—Continued
Molders’ helpers, mixers’ helpers
$1,130
Checkers... I— 1 ............... .................................... 1.110
Conveyormen,
bake-shop
helpers...........................
1.090
Stockroom men.
1.090
Packers ___ ___
1.040
Sheers and wrappers
.980
Stiftlp, checkers
.960
Agreement
B:
Mixers, dividers, ovenmen
1.300
Mixers* sponge
_ . ... ___
1.200
Molders * . . . ___ _____
1.190
Wrappers
.
.
__
_ - ____ 1.120
Checkers . __
.970
Oven feeders’ helpers .
1.050
Molders* helpers.* .
__
.940
filieers__
.900
Conveyormen,
bake-shop helpers........................... .850
Packers
________________________________
.800
Agreement
Dividers, C:
henchmen
... _
1.320
Ovenmen , ,
. ___
1.220
Wrappers
1.000
Agreement D:
Ovenmen,
loaders,
dough
mixers,
cookers,
ingrediant men _ _
1.020
Pie-table
operators....................................................
.990
Cookers, oven
helpers__
Emit mixers *
_ _ . __ .940
.920
Dough feeders_____________________________ .860
Receiver helpers....................................................... .810
Women
.780
Women supervisors..................................................
helpers, miscellaneous
.740
SPOKANE, WASH.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen, mixers, ovenmen......................................... 1.620
Machine
hands...........
____________________ 1.560
Pen eh hands
_
Bread dumpers _ ________________________ 1.500
1.320
Bread packers, conveyormen, machine wrappers,
shipping and stock clerks, flour blenders................ 1.210
Carton strippers, helpers_____________________ 1.080
Women wrappers _ _______________________ .900
Crackers and cookies:
Agreement A:
Machinemen
1.200
1.160
Mixers
1.130
Poolers clerks
............
- ......
Receiving
Ovenmen
_____________________ 1.100
1.080
Rollermen.................... ............................................ 1.080
Sealers and wrappers _ ____________________ 1.020
Ovenmen’s helpers
1.020
Rollermenhelpers, dough feeders
1.030
Mixers’ helpers......................................................... 1.000
Assembly men.......................................................... .950
Stackers, other helpers............................................. .930
Pan cleaners and feeders, icing helpers................... .930
Women
workers:
Floorladies
____________________
Assistant
________________________ .900
.850
Experienced workers
________ .700
Agreement B:
Working supervisors............................................. 1.250
1.200
Machinemen........................................................
Mixers
_ _ _ _ ______________ 1.180
Poolers
___ ___ 1.120
Receiving clerks _____ _____________ 1.100
Ovenmen
_______ 1.070
Rollermen
- - ________ ____ 1.030
Scalers and wrappers_ ____ _____ 1.020
Ovenmen *s helpers
___ ____ 1.020
.990
Mixers’ helpers.....................................................
Rollermen’s
helpers, dough feeders
.940
.850
Assembly men
- - __..
.920
Pan cleaners and feeders, helpers
Women:
Stackers
_ _ _________________ .920
Wording supervisors _
_
.850
.720
girls, cracker
packers
H,Floor
.YTv»riAT»/»ed
fefnv rnnm
virls _ ___________ .720
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
40 $1,005
40 .985
40 .965
40 .935
40 .915
40 .855
40 .835
40 1.100
40 1.100
40 .990
40 .920
40 .870
40 .850
40 .840
40 .800
40 .750
40 .700
42 .900
42 .900
42 .850
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.960
.930
.880
.860
.810
.750
.720
.680
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.470
1.410
1.350
1.170
1.060
.930
.750
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.120
1.050
1.000
.970
.950
.950
.908
.900
.900
.870
.820
.800
.795
.800
(l)
\650
1.108
1.058
1.020
.995
.970
.945
.910
.908
.900
.870
.820
.820
.795
.800
.695
.620
.600
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour 9week
SPRINGFIELD, MASS.
Bread, cakes, and pies—Hand shops:
Foremen....................................................................... $1,325
Second hands, dough mixers, bench hands________ 1.225
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement
A:
Cake foremen
_ . _ _ __
$1.510
Dough mixers__ .
1.125
Relief men__
1.125
Oven dumpers... . __
_ ... 1.135
Ovenmen................................................................... 1.035
Oven helpers, henchmen. __
.......
.960
Divider operators.
_
.. .960
Molder operators ..
. _
_ _ .960
Doughnut bench hand.
Shipping room____ __
__
__ .960
.910
Doughnut-machine
men
and
fryers____________
.875
Cake icing girls. _ ____
.735
Helpers, women . . .
.680
Agreement
B:
Foremen._. .. .
_
1.310
Dough mixers, ovenmen.......................................... 1.210
Floormen, assistant foremen _
. ... _ 1.185
Cake mixers. _
1.125
Cake ovenmen.......................................................... 1.085
Dividers, molder operators, bench hands............... 1.060
Scalers.......................................................................
1.050
Dough-room
helpers _
1.035
Women
employees:
Foreladies. __ _ ___
.935
Other helpers
.
.885
Hand cake icers............. ......... .............................. .835
Bread only—Machine shops:
Agreement
A:
Foremen...
1.310
Dough mixers, bench foremen................................. 1.210
Assistant foremen__________________ ________ 1.185
Ovenmen__________________________ ______ 1.085
Order men (retail shop)........................................... 1.080
Dividers,
scalers, molder operators,
1.060
Dough-rnomhelpers._
_ ... bench hands..
_ . _ 1.035
Pan greasers.. . . . .
1.010
Packers, slicers, icers, coolers _
.960
Helpers, men............................................................. .960
Women
employees:
Foremen. ...
_ . __...... _
.935
Helpers. __
.
...... ,
.775
Agreement B:
Reliefmen............................................................... 1.225
Dough mixers___________________ _____ ____ 1.210
Oven feeders.......... ........................................ ......... 1.085
Molder operators...................................................... 1.060
Divider operators_________ _________________ 1.060
Other workers_____________________________ .985
Hebrew—Hand shops:
Foremen___________________________________ 1.514
Second hands, dough mixers..................................... 1.398
Bench hands
...
. _ . _. 1.281
TAMPA. FLA.
Cake—Hand shops:
Head cakemen.............................................................. 1.370
Second cakemen..................................................... .
Piemen......................................................................... 1.180
Ovenmen, third cakemen _ _. _ __
_ _ 1.100
.960
Helpers...................................................................... .710
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Foremen................................................................ 1.270
Dough mixers, ovenmen.......................................... 1.120
Bench and machinemen, shipping clerks............... 1.010
Wrapping-machine operators................................ .960
Oven dumpers and loaders...................................... .900
Helpers...................................................................... .750
Stockmen.................................................................. .750
Agreement B:
Working foremen___________________________ 1.270
Mixers...................................................................... 1.120
Ovenmen_________________________________ 1.120
Oven dumpers and loaders...................................... .900
Bench and machinemen.......................................... 1.010
Helpers...................................................................... .750
Wrapping-machine operators.................................. .960
Shipping clerks________________________ ____ 1.010
s 48-hour week on July 1,1946.
48 $1.225
48 1.125
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
$1.510
1.125
1.125
1.135
1.035
.960
.960
.960
.960
.910
.875
.735
.680
1.210
1.110
1.085
1.025
.985
.960
.950
.935
.835
.785
.735
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.210
1.110
1.085
.985
.980
.960
.935
.910
.860
.860
.835
.675
1.125
1.110
.985
.960
.960
.885
1.514
1.398
1.281
40 1.250
40 1.070
40 1.000
40 .870
40 .650
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
2 1.150
a1.000
a.900
a.850
2.800
2.650
2.650
ft)
/n
(1)
m
(i)
36
T able
12.—
Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1940Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
TAMPA, FLA.—Continued
Cuban shops:
Master bakers, first cakemen:
Ovenmen-in-charge..........................
$0,958
Dough-mixers-in-charge, ovenmen.
.888
.815
Dough mixers...................................
.719
Benchmen........................................
.624
Helpers.............................................
TOLEDO. OHIO
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
First hands................................................................. . 1.160
Second hands............................................................... 1.110
Third hands................................................................. 1.060
Helpers......................................................................... 1.010
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Major shops, bread division:
First ana second mixers, ovenmen......................
Helpers and wrappers (women)......................... . 1.330
Traveling-oven men, mixers’ helpers, dividers, .880
molders, benchmen, bread wrapping-machine
men, set-up........................................................
Flour blenders.................................................... . 1.180
1.130
Helpers:
Bake shop, wrapping, packing, or shipping
room................................................................ 1.080
Agreement B:
Major shops—Cake division:
Ovenmen, depositors, icing mixers, dough mix
ers, ingredient scalers........................................
Wrapping-machine operators............................. 1.290
1.130
Icing mixers’ helpers, dough helpers.................. . 1.120
Icing-machine operators....................................... 1.090
Depositor helpers’ checkers, dumpers................. 1.080
Stockroom men..................................................... 1.070
Pan greasers.......................................................... 1.050
Loaders.................................................................
Miscellaneous
male help.......................................... 1.040
Women helpers, packers, hand icers, wrappers, 1.040
and miscellaneous................................................. .880
Agreement C:
Smaller machine shops:
First and second mixers, cake mixers, ovenmen. 1.300
Cake and bread bench foremen-------------------- 1.240
Peel-oven men....................................................... 1.210
Frymen, bread, cake and rolls bench hands....... 1.190
Oven pullers, shovers and helpers, dividermen,
molders............................................................... 1.150
Ingredientmen......................................................
Helpers, bread slicers, rackers, shipping-room 1.100
1.050
helpers—............................................................
Hand
fryers, cake and doughnut, automaticmachine frymen................................................. 1.090
Wrapping-machine helpers----- -------------- ----- 1.050
Pie and pastry:
Ovenmen..................................................................... 1.170
Bench hand fillers; helpers, men after 30 days.......... 1.070
Helpers, men:
First 30 days............................................................. .990
Helpers, women:
First 30 days............................................................. .820
After 30 days........................................................... - .880
Crackers and cookies:
Mixing department:
Head mixers............................................................ . 1.230
Sponge mixers, flour dumpers, assistant mixers— 1.160
1.080
Mixers’ helpers...............................................
Baking department:
Oven No. 1:
Machinemen................................................
1.310
f
ti
1.205
Ovenmen~spray-machine operators...........
1.180
Peelers-out, rollermen.................................
1.160
Intermediate rollermen...............................
1.100
Tray and pan men......................................
1.060
Oven No. 2:
Machinemen................................................
1.310
Peelers-in......................................................
1.230
Ovenmen, rollermen....................................
1.180
Peelers-out...................................................
1.160
Intermediate rollermen...............................
1.100
Traymen......................................................
1.080
Oven No. 3:
Oven and machinemen...............................
1.345
General labor...............................................
.990
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1, 1946.
48 $0,906
48 .835
48 .763
48 .666
48 .571
48
48
48
48
1.160
1.110
1.060
1.010
40
40 1.200
0)
40 1.050
40 1.000
40
.950
40 1.160
40 1.000
40 .990
40
40 .960
.950
40 .940
40 .920
40 .910
40 .850
40 .750
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.170
1.110
1.080
1.060
1.020
.970
.970
.960
.920
21.040
a. 940
a. 890
a. 710
a. 760
40 1.065
40 .995
40 .915
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.145
1.040
1.015
.995
.935
.895
1.145
1.065
1.015
.995
.935
.915
1.180
.825
City and classification
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946—
Rate Hours Rate
per
per per hour
hour week
TOLEDO, OHIO—Continued
Crackers and cookies—Continued
Icing department:
Men workers:
Machinemen......................................................... $1,210
Chocolate mixers.................................................. 1.180
Icing and marshmallow mixers............................ 1.060
Supply clerks........................................................ .955
Women workers:
Working leaders.................................................... 1.090
Marshmallow machine packers and feeders,
scalers, carton formers.......................................
Sandwich-machine packers, sandwich feeders, .920
caddy and case formers, supply workers........ .900
Separators, crimp patch operators, general labor. .875
Packing department:
Men:
Machine operators................................................ 1.280
Scalers.................................................................... 1.060
General helpers...................................................... .990
Women:
Working leaders....................................................
Machine handlers, tin wrappers.......................... 1.090
Sponge packers, carton formers, scalers............... .960
Caddy and case foremen, sweet packers, wrapper .940
feeders................................................................. .900
Stackers.................................................................. .875
General helpers..................................................... .815
No. 2 bundlers....................................................... .990
Deceiving department:
Stock clerks............................................................... 1.160
Stock handlers..........................................................
General helpers......................................................... 1.060
.945
Shipping department:
Order fillers............................................................... 1.263
Stockmen.................................................................. 1.200
Shipping laborers...................................................... 1.095
Conveyormen........................................................... .955
WASHINGTON, D. C.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Day work:
Journeymen........................................................... 1.400
Helpers.................................................................. 1.000
Packers and wrappers_____________________ .900
Women wrappers.................................................. .800
WICHITA, EANS.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Foremen....................................................................... 1.315
Mixers, spongers, ovenmen, head pastry men.......... 1.175
Dividers, panners, machinemen, second pastry men.. 1.060
Bread twisters.............................................................. 1.020
Checkers...................................................................... .880
Wrapping-machine operators:
First 3 months..........................................................
After 3 months......................................................... .850
950
Helpers, bake shop...................................................... .830
Helpers, women:
First 3 months.......................................................... .610
After 3 months......................................................... .720
WORCESTER, MASS.
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Peel-oven men.......................................................... 1.215
Head shippers.......................................................... 1.135
Head benchmen....................................................... 1.160
Mixers....................................................................... 1.143
Molders, bench hands, dividermen........................ 1.110
Special packers, tray-oven men, receiving and
stock clerks............................................................ 1.035
Pan rackers, wrapping-machine operators’ helpers. .940
Shipping packers, wrapping-machine operators. .970
Mixers' helpers, bread rackers................................ .935
Flour blenders.......................................................... .835
Pan greasers.............................................................. .885
General helpers......................................................... .835
General helpers, women........................................... .785
Agreement B:
Foremen.................................................................... 1.300
Mixers....................................................................... 1.150
Head machine operators.......................................... 1.100
Bench hands, divider operators, ovenmen, reliefmen............................................... .................... . 1.050
a 48-hour week on July 1,19*6.
40 $1,045
40 1.015
40 .895
40 .790
40 .825
40 .755
40 .735
40 .710
40 1.115
40 .895
40 .825
40 .825
40 .795
40 .775
40 .735
40 .710
40 .650
40 .825
40 .995
40 .895
40 .780
40 1.098
40 1.035
40 .930
40 .790
40 1.250
40 .850
40 .750
40 .650
40 1.175
40 1.050
40 .950
40 .900
40 .800
40 .780
40 .850
40 .750
40 .550
40 .650
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.180
1.100
1.125
1.108
1.075
1.000
.905
.935
.900
.800
.850
.800
.750
0)
G)
h
0)
37
T a b l e 12.—
Union scales of wages and hours in the bakery trades in selected cities, July 1,1947 and July 1,1946 — Continued
City and classification
WORCESTER, MASS.—Continued
Bread and cake—Machine shops—Continued
Agreement B—Continued
Mixers' helpers, molder operators, ingredient scal
ers, oven feeders and dumpers, wrapping-ma
chine operators, checkers, doughnut mixers and
machine operators............................................... .
Pan greasers, molders' helpers, rackers, bench
helpers, general helpers....................................... .
Packers and boxers..................................................
Bread only—Machine shops:
Agreement A:
Foremen:
Baking..................................................................
Sweet goods..........................................................
Mixers......................................................................
Dividermen.............................................................
Assistant packers....................................................
Batchmen................. .............................................
Moldermen..............................................................
Oven dumpers.........................................................
Mixers' helpers.......................................................
Machine wrappers..................................................
Oven loaders............................................................
Flour blenders, bread rackers................................ .
Bakery helpers.........................................................
Bread rackers, women.............................................
Helpers, women.......................................................
Agreement B:
Working foremen:
Special.................................................................. .
Shipping................................................................
Dough mixers...........................................................
Rovers..................................................................... .
Special packers, wrappers...................................... .
Utilitymen.............................................................. .
Dividermen.............................................................
Moldermen..............................................................
Ovenmen..................................................................
Packers, machine operators, mixers’ helpers..........
Pan rackers, bread packers, pan greasers...............
Pie and pastry:
Foremen.......................................................................
Mixers..........................................................................
Ovenmen, group I.......................................................
Bench hands...............................................................
Pie fillers......................................................................
Shippers......................................................................
Helpers, cleaners..........................................................
July 1,1947 July l,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
$1,000
.930
.760
40
40
40
1.300
1.300
1.150
1.050
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
.930
.930
.850
.850
40 $1.125
40 1.050
40 .950
40 .800
40 .900
40 .850
40 .800
40 .750
40 .725
40 .675
40 .700
40 .700
40 .675
40 .700
40 .600
1.450
1.400
1.250
1.150
1.100
1.200
1.100
1.050
1.000
.900
.800
1.275
1.125
1.125
1.125
1.125
.975
.975
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
(0
0)
0)
1.350
1.300
1.150
1.150
1.050
1.050
.950
.900
.850
.750
.650
1.150
1.060
1.000
.980
0).950
.850
City and classification
WORCESTER, MASS.—Continued
Pie and Pastry—Continued
Ovenmen, group II..................................................... . $0,975
Miscellaneous women helpers................................... . .870
Pie fillers, group II...................................................... . .975
Apple machine, pie machine, conveyors................... . .820
Hebrew shops:
Foremen........................................................................ 1.458
Second hands............................................................... . 1.354
YORK, PA.
Pie and pastry:
Head order packers, ovenmen, cooks, dough and
custard mixers.......................................................... . $1,025
Cooks' helpers, washing-machine men, ovenmen’s
helpers, order packers............................................... .925
Ingredient scalers........................................................ . .925
Pie makers, shell makers, women toppers and fillers.. .875
Utilitymen and helpers, dishwashers........................ . .800
Pie wrappers and crown makers, women.................. . .710
Crackers and cookies:
Machinemen................................................................. 1.050
Ovenmen..................................................................... . .940
Supervisors, women. .................................................. . .820
Helpers, women............................................................ .740
Dough mixers.............................................................. . .955
YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO
Bread and cake—Hand shops:
Working foremen........................................................ . 1.275
Ovenmen, mixers........................................................ . 1.205
Bench hands................................................................ . 1.145
Checkers...................................................................... . 1.045
Helpers......................................................................... . .925
Helpers, women........................................................... .725
Bread and cake—Machine shops:
Mixers, ovenmen......................................................... . 1.330
Mixers’ helpers, bench and machine hands, dumpers
and feeders............................................................... . 1.230
Wrapping-machine set-up men, checkers.................. . 1.130
Bake-shop helpers....................................................... . 1.080
Bread rackers, packers, wrapping and slicing-ma
chine feeders............................................................. . 1.050
Women employees:
Bread rackers, packers and shippers...................... . 1.050
Hand wrappers.......................................................... .880
i Information not available for rate and hours on July 1,1946.
July 1,1947 July 1,
1946Rate Hours Rate
per per per
hour week hour
II. S. fOVERNMENT PRINTIM OFFICE: 1948
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office
Washington 25, D. C. - Price 20 cents
40 0)
40 $0,800
40 .750
40 .750
48 1.458
48 1.354
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
.875
.775
.775
.725
.650
.755
.870
.790
.640
.590
.800
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1.150
1.080
1.020
.920
.800
.625
1.175
1.100
1.000
.960
.930
.930
.810
@FedFRASER