Full text of Survey of Current Business : December 1949
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DECEMBER 1949
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
BUREAU OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC COMMERCE
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
FIELD SERVICE
SURVEY
OF CURRENT
BUSINESS
Albuquerque, N. Mez.
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Memphis 3, Tenn.
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Atlanta 1, Ga.
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Miami 32, Fla.
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Baltimore 2, Md.
103 S. Gay St.
Milwaukee l,Wis.
517 E. Wisconsin Are.
Boston 9, Mass.
2 India St.
Minneapolis 1, Minn.
2d Ave.S. at 4th St.
Buffalo 3, N. Y.
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Mobile, Ala.
109-13 St. Joseph St.
Butte, Mont.
14 W. Granite Sti
New Orleans 12, La.
333 St. Charles Ave.
Charleston 3, S. C.
18 Broad St.
New York 4, N. Y.
42 Broadway
1
3
Cheyenne, Wyo.
304 Federal Office Bldg.
Oklahoma City 2, Okla.
102 NW. Third St.
4
Cincinnati 2, Ohio
105 W. Fourth Sti
No. 12
DECEMBER 1949
PAGE
THE BUSINESS SITUATION
Plant and Equipment Expenditures
International Transactions During the Third Quarter
of 1949
Chicago 4, III.
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SPECIAL ARTICLES
State Estimates of the Business Population
An Approach to Orders Analysis
8
18
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230 W. Fort St.
MONTHLY BUSINESS STATISTICS . . . . S-ltoS-40
Statistical Index
Inside Back Cover
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1319 Farnam St.
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234 N. Central Ave.
Pittsburgh 19, Pa.
700 Grant St.
Portland 4, Oreg.
520 SW. Morrison St.
Providence 3, R. I.
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118 W. Second St.
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801 E. Broad St.
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For local telephone listing, consult section
devoted to U. S. Government
DECEMBER 1949
THE
Farm Income and Prices
',
$
BILLIONS OF DOLLARS
4
Cash farm income
is down from the
record high of
last year
SlTUATION
/ \
1948
By the Office of Business Economics
1949
I
I
I
I I
I
I
I
I I
INDEX, AUG. 1909JULY 1914 =100
400
reflecting lower
farm prices
1948*
300
1949^
200
IOO
I N D E X , 1935-39 * 100
250
which more than
offset the slightly
higher volume of
marketings during
the year.
200
JL HE pace of economic activity in November was virtully unchanged from October except for the rapid pick-up in
output of steel and coal from the low volume which prevailed
when work stoppages were in progress. Industrial output,
aside from steel and coal, held to the level of tha previous
month—which was higher in general than in any period
since last spring. Department store sales recovered part of
October's losses with the more liberal purchasing which followed termination of the strikes in some areas, and the onset
of holiday buying. Construction activity continued firm,
after allowance for the normal seasonal reduction, at about
6 percent above last year's level. Total employment showed
little change other than the usual seasonal gains in some nonagricultural industries.
Industrial activity recovers
Essentially, the trend of business has maintained an even
keel this fall, following a recovery from the summer low,
with rising construction activity and the further decline in
the rate of inventory liquidation offsetting declines in agricultural income and in business investment in plant and
equipment as described in a section below. Though manufacturers' sales, output and—to a lesser extent—inventories
were moderately reduced by the work stoppages in October,
the recovery in November was swift and widespread in the
segment most directly affected by the work stoppages. The
over-all rate of production at the end of the month was
about as high as in September, which in turn was the best
month since May.
In general, the recovery from the summer low to September, just before the strike in steel, was more pronounced for
industries which had shown the greater decline in previous
months. This is shown in the following tabulation which
lists the industries with the most pronounced changes in
manufacturers' sales in this period:
Percent change in 1 manufacturers'
sales
Industry
1948 peak month
150
100
i i I i i
J
F
M
SOURCE OF DATA: V. S. DEPARTMENT
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS.
A
M
J
I
J
I
A
OF AGRICULTURE,
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, OFFICE OF BUSINESS
I
S
I I
O
N
50
D
BUREAU OF
ECONOMICS
49-390*$%
Nonferrous metals
Apparel
.- Textile mill products
Lumber
Electrical machinery
Chemicals
Iron and steel
Stone clay, and £lass
Food and kindred products
1
September
June
November
September
November
September
December
November
June
_.
Peak to
July 1949
July 1949
to
Sept. 1949
-39
-31
-37
-28
-20
-15
-24
-12
-15
+39
+25
+20
+20
+20
+15
+11
+11
+8
Sept. 1949
to
Oct. 1949
-14
-17
-8
-6
-7
-8
-40
—7
-4
Based on sales adjusted for seasonal variations.
For industries not shown, increases as well as previous
declines were in most cases smaller. An outstanding exception was the paper and paper-products industry, in which
shipments reached a low at an earlier date than in most
1
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
other lines and increased by more than 40 percent since
May to a new postwar peak in September. In October, as
in the other lines, there was a moderate decline.
In only two industries was the downward movement in
the first half of this year extended appreciably beyond July—
transportation equipment (other than automobiles), reflecting the reduction in capital outlays of railroads described
below, and beverages. Because of the' generally lower
volume of fixed business investment the recovery from midsummer was relatively small in nonelectrical machinery, with
shipments in September running about 15 per cent below the
peak volume of December 1948.
Changing pattern of retail sales
Chart 2.—Retail Sales by Selected Groups
NONDURABLE GOODS
STORES
DURABLE GOODS
STORES
1^
BIL.LIONS OF DOLLARS
5
TOTAL
BILLIONS OF DOLLA RS
10
TOTAL
_
4
3
Though total retail trade was characterized by relative
stability throughout 1949, there were wide divergences in
the sales trends by kinds of business. In July—the 1949
low point—the aggregate volume of retail trade was less
than 5 percent below its 1948 peak. Sales of automobiles
were substantially above last year's volumes, sales in food
stores had registered little change, but in all other lines there
were declines of considerable magnitude.
Between July and September, however, though total retail
sales gained only 3 percent, there was a general distribution
of advances in these lines in which substantial weakness had
developed, as shown in chart 2. Sales of electrical appliances
rose partly in response to price reductions, cheaper new
models, and growing demand for television sets. Housefurnishing sales in general increased sharply, reflecting the
rising rate of completed residential building in recent months.
In apparel stores, general merchandise and in building
materials and hardware there were also substantial advances,
though in these lines the volume of sales remained well below
the levels of the previous year.
In October the reduction in retail purchasing affected
most lines, as the chart shows. This was due in part to
curtailed spending resulting from the effects of work stoppages. November data available for department store sales,
however, suggest a slight rise in this segment—one in which
the October decline had been among the largest.
December 1949
1948*^ ''
/
1948^
__
8
6
**
2
4
1
1
1
I
1
I
1
I
1
I
I
I
1
t
1
1
1
1
I
I
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!
)
2
2.5
3.0
AUTOMOTIVE
FOOD
^1949
IQ4Q -^
_
2.0
^1948
,
^^*"""""
y
2.5
——
/P4S —s.X
2.0
1.5
1.0
S 194?1S~
1
1 1 !
1
1
1
1
t
1
i i i i i ! i i i i i
1
1.5
.7
.9
HOMEFURNISHINGS
\APPAREL
.6 ~ 1948 -^
.8
~~
.7
.5
1949'"
Prices firm
The generally broadening volume of demand in industrial
markets since the low point of midsummer is evidenced in
the firmness of wholesale prices, outside the agricultural
segment, which has accompanied moderately expanding output in this period. Since July wholesale prices other than
farm products and food have fluctuated in a range of less
than one-half of 1 percent in contrast with the steady decline
of 5 percent during the first 6 months of this year. In
November there was virtually no change.
1
.4
1.0
t
i
Net income
of farm
proprietors
National
income
Net farm
income as
a percent of
national
income
Billions of Billions of
dollars
dollars
19491
15.5
223 9
69
1946-48, average.
_.
16.0
202 5
7.9
1941-45, average
10 7
69
155 4
1929-40, average
39
64.0
6.1
1
Annual rate based on first three quarters: National Income for third quarter estimated,
assuming no change in profits from the second quarter.
I
1
I
i
I
I
i
i
.••••*"'
.9
I
i
1
1
1 I
1
1
l
.6
GENERAL MERCHANDISE
\
_
1-5
;\
.8
*\
.«**
/ *****
J
s*l949 '
\
>*
\ f:
/V
1.4
X
.7
1
.6
1.3
l94
/
1
1
t
t
1
1
1
1
1
i
1
J F M A M J J A S O N D
_
U. 5.
l
1.6
BUILDING MATERIALS
AND HARDWARE
Farm incomes down
As shown in the chart on page 1, the reduction in farm
prices has accounted entirely for the drop in farm incomes
from the record level of 1948. At an estimated $28 billion,
however, cash receipts in 1949 provided farmers with a share
of the national income, after deduction of expenses, which
still compared favorably with the average share obtained in
prewar years as indicated in the tabulation below.
1
o c A e« /•%*! A i
i
i i
i
1
i
i i
l
l
1.2
J F M A M J J A S O N O
LY
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, OFF ICE OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS
49~386
Source of data: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
The persistent decline in agricultural prices, which continued in November, is primarily attributable to an altered
supply situation at home and to reduced demand abroad
rather than to any fundamental change in the domestic demand for farm products. Two successive years of record high
agricultural production in the United States, coupled with the
recovery of farm output in Europe, have necessitated a grad-
December 1949
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
ual adjustment in the general level of farm prices from the
peak reached in the period of world food crisis in the years
following the w^ar. The gradual reduction in farm prices—
amounting to more than 20 percent since the beginning of
1948—would have been substantially sharper were it not for
the large volume of agricultural produce removed from the
market through government loans and price support purchases.
Plant and Equipment Expenditures
_L HE decline in investment in new plant and equipment
which started in the spring of 1949, will continue through
the first quarter of 1950—after allowance for seasonal influences , according to reports from non agricultural business
firms. Based on the latest quarterly survey by the Department of Commerce and the Securities and Exchange Commission, planned outlays are estimated at $3.9 billion during
the first 3 months of next year—14 percent below actual
expenditures in the corresponding months of this year.
Comparable year-to-year declines in capital goods outlays
were 6, 10, and 18 percent, respectively, in the last 3 quarters
of 1949. When the final figures for the fourth quarter are
available, the currently indicated decrease may be reduced—
due to the accounting practice by many firms of concentrating additions to capital accounts in the last quarter.
Thus the year-to-year decline in plant and equipment outlays in the early months of next year will probably be of
approximately the same magnitude as that experienced in
-late 1949. When declines in capital goods costs from their
levels in 1948 and in the first quarter of 1949 are taken into
account, the percentage declines in the physical volume of
plant and equipment acquisitions are somewhat over twothirds those indicated on a current dollar basis.
In addition to the gradual completion of war-deferred
expansion programs, these declines undoubtedly reflect both
the effects of lower profits on businessmen's expectation and,
in general, the greater adequacy of existing capacity to meet
current demand.
chinery industries were the only major groups reporting
increasing expenditures for new plant and equipment. The
high level of investment in these two industries reflects, in
large part, the continuing strong demand by consumers for
automobiles and by utilities (other than railroads) for electrical equipment. The most significant cutbacks in outlays
for new plant and equipment occurred in the leather, tobacco,
and lumber products industries. In most manufacturing
lines the reduction in capital expenditures was much greater
relatively among the smaller asset-size groups than among
larger firms.
Chart 3.—Business Expenditures for New Plant and
Equipment1
BILLIONS OF DOLLARS
6
Industrial trends
Examination of the industrial detail in the accompanying
table and chart indicates the pervasiveness of the curtailment
since mid-1949 in new plant and equipment outlays. Except
for electric and gas utilities, all major industries have been
showing a continually decreasing rate of investment relative
to the last 2 quarters of 1948 and the first quarter of 1949.
Even the increase anticipated by the electric and gas utilities
from the first quarter of 1949 to the first quarter of 1950 was
quite moderate when compared to the year-to-year changes
for the quarters of 1949.
The most significant reductions in plant and equipment
expenditures shown in the current survey are those made and
anticipated by the railroads and by transportation other than
railroads—the anticipated outlays in the first quarter of
1950 are 38 and 40 percent, respectively, below the corresponding quarter of 1949. Up until early 1949, the railroads,
in view of deferred demand, competitive factors and the
necessity of increasing operating efficiency, had engaged in a
large-scale equipment expansion program as well as in a
more moderate construction program. The completion of a
large volume of installations and the rapidly deteriorating
demand and profits situation during 1949, however, were
undoubtedly major factors in the sharp curtailment of both
road and equipment outlays.
Outlays planned by electric and gas utilities in the first 3
months of next year are 9 percent above the first quarter of
this year, while declines of 18 percent were anticipated in
both manufacturing and mining.
Within manufacturing, the automotive and electrical ma-
MANUFACTURING AND MINING
1947
£~
1948
1949
I960
QUARTERLY TOTALS
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, OFFICE OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS
49-378
12 Excludes expenditures of agricultural business and outlays charged to current account.
Includes trade, service, communications, construction, and finance.
3
Includes railroad and other transportation, and electric and gas utilities.
Sources of data: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics, and
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Revisions in planned investment
On the basis of the present survey, actual expenditures on
new plant and equipment in the third quarter of 1949 are
estimated to be 4 percent below, while anticipations for the
fourth quarter are estimated to be 4 percent above,, the
planned levels for the same period as indicated by the previous quarterly survey made in July of this year. This
marked the second downward revision of planned outlays in
the third quarter and, in addition to a moderate decline in
plant and equipment prices since mid-year, may reflect an
adjustment in businessmen's expectations. Actual expenditures were lower than their planned levels in each major
industry.
The interpretation of the upward revision of planned
capital outlays in the fourth quarter requires additional
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Table 1.—Business Expenditures on New Plant and Equipment, 1945—50
[Millions of dollars]
1948
Industry
1945
1946
Jan.Mar.
All industries
._
Manufacturing
Mining. _
.
_
Railroad
Other transportation _ _ _
__
Electric and gas utilities
Commercial and miscellaneous 4
_ _
1949
1950
1947
Apr.June
JulySept.
Oct.Dec.
Total
Jan.Mar.
Apr.June
JulySept.
Oct.Dec.2
Total 3
.Tan.Mar.2
6, 630
12, 040
16, 180
4,170
4,820
4,830
5,410
19, 230
4,460
4,660
4 360
4 430
17 910
3 820
3,210
440
550
320
630
1,480
5,910
560
570
660
1,040
3, 300
7,460
690
910
800
1,900
4,430
1,800
180
270
180
500
1,240
2,140
200
310
190
640
1,340
2,090
200
320
170
690
1,360
2,320
220
410
170
850
1,440
8,340
800
1 320
700
2 680
5,390
1 850
190
360
130
680
1 260
1 8«0
190
380
140
780
1 290
1 690
180
310
130
790
1 260
1 710
170
280
110
900
1 250
7 130
730
1 340
510
3 160
5 040
1 520
160
220
80
740
1 110
1
2
Data represent expenditures of nonagricultural business only and exclude outlays charged to current account.
Based on anticipated capital expenditures of business in October and November,
s4 Annual estimates include anticipations for the last quarter of the year.
Includes trade, service, finance, construction, and communication.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics, and Securities and Exchange Commission.
comment. As pointed out in the October SURVEY, some
upward revision arising from accounting factors was to be
expected. The magnitude of the revision, however, may be
an indication that, due to developments in the third quarter,
the forward plans of business are not being curtailed as
rapidly as had been anticipated a few months ago.
International Transactions During the Third Quarter of 1949
1 HE balance of payments of the United States during the
second and third quarters reflects the developments in the
international transactions between the United States and
foreign countries which led to the nearly world-wide currency devaluations at the end of that period.
After a serious increase in the balance of payments deficit
of foreign countries with the United States during the second
quarter, purchases from the United States were sharply
curtailed—as the third quarter data indicate. Speculative
actions, however, offset these adjustments and caused a
further reduction of foreign reserves, mostly those of the
sterling area. Obviously, the adjustment of balance of
payment deficits by import restrictions cannot be considered
more than a short-term measure. In order to facilitate a
more fundamental improvement in the balances of payments
of foreign countries a strengthening of their competitive
position had to be achieved. This was attempted through
the reduction of the dollar value of their currencies.
Dollar requirements by non-European countries
An analysis of the United States balance of payments for
the first and second quarters by areas (see table 8) indicates
that the pressure on the dollar reserves of the ERP countries—and particularly of the United Kingdom—did not
result from an unduly increased deficit with the United
States in this period, but rather from dollar payments to
other areas. The second quarter deficit of the ERP countries on goods and services—only about $30 million larger
than in the first quarter—was more than covered by Government aid and private United States capital and remittances.
Dollar payments by the ERP countries to other areas,
however, rose by nearly $300 million, which corresponded
roughly to the liquidation of the ERP countries7 gold and
dollar reserves. The principal recipients were the ERP
dependencies, Latin America and the group of countries included under "all other." The last are, mostly in Africa,
Asia, and Oceania. An increased deficit on goods and
services with the United States was apparently the major
reason for the higher requirements of dollar exchange, which
was obtained from the ERP countries by the ERP dependencies and the "all other countries" group. The higher dollar
receipts by Latin America were used to increase dollar
reserves or to repay short-term obligations to the United
States.
Pattern of 1947 crisis repeated
The balance of payments data covering the transactions
between the United States and the sterling area (see table
7) reflect the tendencies indicated above. They show that
a part of the inter-area dollar transfers tended to be concentrated within the sterling area. Of the $300 million rise
of dollar payments from the first to the second quarter by
ERP countries to other areas, the United Kingdom accounted
for about one-half. Of this $300 million total the rest of
the sterling area received about one-third, and Latin America
nearly one-half.
The increase in the dollar requirements of the other sterling
area countries resulted from the rise of their trade deficit
with the United States—which was the result both of higher
imports from, and lower exports to, this country. Dollar
transfers from the United Kingdom to countries outside the
sterling area appear to have risen from the first to the second
quarter by about $40 million.
The data indicate, however, that the ERP countries other
than the United Kingdom also accounted for increased payments to other areas. Since the gold and dollar reserves of
the other ERP countries as a whole did not change during
the second quarter there is some evidence that gold and
dollars paid by the United Kingdom to other ERP countries
were transferred by the latter to non-European areas.
The general pattern of the international flow of dollars
during the recent crisis was very similar to that during the
summer of 1947, which caused the British loan to be prematurely exhausted. At that time too, the pressure upon
British reserves was exerted primarily by other countries,
including other members of the sterling area, who requested
dollars in exchange for their sterling holdings.
Crisis necessitated fundamental corrective
action
The decline of the net export balance on goods and services
from nearly $2 billion in the second quarter to about $1.2
billion in the third (see table 2) indicates that, basically,
SUEVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Table 2.—International Transactions of the United States
1
[Millions of dollars]
1949
Item
Receipts:
Goods and services:
Goods
Income on investments
Other services
Total goods and services
First
quarter
Second
quarter
Third
quarter P
3,453
263
550
3,494
350
570
2,817
298
516
4,266
4,414
3,631
Unilateral transfers
109
99
234
Long-term capital:
Movements of United States capital invested
abroad
Movements of foreign capital invested in United
States .. __
_._
197
108
94
55
25
169
252
133
263
4,627
4,646
4,128
1,963
81
564
1,741
57
624
1,620
64
786
2, 608
2,422
2,470
1 529
1 730
1 573
652
409
230
119
7
1
771
416
231
4,908
4,568
4,274
-f 1, 658
+1,992
-1,631
+1,161
-1,339
Total long-term capital
Total receipts
_ __
Payments:
Goods and services:
Goods
Income on investments
Other services._
_
_
_ __
. __
Total goods and services^
Long-term capital:
Movements of United States capital invested
abroad
Movements of foreign capital invested in United
States
Total long-term capital
Total payments^ _
Excess of receipts (+) or payments (—) :
Goods and services
Unilateral transfers
.
-
Goods and services and unilateral transfers
Long-term capital
All transactions
Net flow of funds on gold and short-term capita] account:
Net increase ( — ) or decrease (+) in gold stock
Net movement of United States short-term capital
abroad
Net movement of foreign short-term capital in United
States
Net inflow (+) or outflow ( — ) of funds
-1,420
+238
-519
-281
+361
-283
-178
+32
+78
146
—69
— 169
—107
+30
+136
-115
+139
-203
-182
+100
-236
-404
+181
+158
+550
i Data on Government transactions which are included in the balance of payments statements are obtained from, and are basically the same as those compiled by the Clearing Office
of Foreign Transactions, Office of Business Economics, and published in the quarterly reports
of the Clearing Office and in the SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS (e. g., "Foreign Transaction
of the United States Government in Fiscal 1949" by E. Seymour Kerber, November 1949.)
Differences may be due to the use in the balance-of-payments statement of preliminary data
which include estimates whenever the records of Government agencies appear to be incomplete. Major revisions of the balance-of-payments data for 1948 and 1949 which will incorporate the revised figures for Government transactions are now scheduled for publication in
June 1950. Other discrepancies may result from conceptual differences. For example, in
the balance of payments, loans guaranteed by the Export-Import Bank are included in private rather than in Government capital movements. Further differences may arise from the
attempts to enter transactions in the balance of payments at the time they are assumed to
have taken place, rather than the time transactions appear in the records of the reporting
Government agencies.
p Preliminary.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
foreign countries as a whole reduced their dollar expenditures
considerably. In fact, the decline in the foreign deficit in
goods and services was much larger than the decline of $200
million in funds made available by the United States through
Government and private capital and unilateral transfers
(see table 3).
Foreign countries as a whole should have been able, at
least on the basis of data now available, to accumulate gold
and dollar reserves from these current transactions. But
with the anticipations of devaluations engendered by events,
further gold sales mostly by the United Kingdom became
necessary. A comparison of the transactions with all foreign
countries and those with the sterling area indicates that these
gold sales were necessary to facilitate dollar transfers by the
United Kingdom to other countries (which increased even
Table 3.—Exports of Goods and Services and Means of Financing
1
[Millions of dollars]
1949
Unilateral transfers
Errors and omissions
over the second quarter and that other countries were able
to add a large part of these dollars to their own reserves.
The exact reason why, with an over-all balance of payments surplus with the United States, the reserves of other
countries should not have increased more than British
reserves declined is not yet known. This lack of information
is evidenced by the large increase in the size of the unexplained residual the "Errors and Omission" (see table 2).
There may, however, be some justification for concluding
that the pressure upon foreign currencies—mainly sterling—
arose as a consequence of actions which anticipated the devaluations presaged by the weakening of foreign financial
positions—particularly of the sterling area—during the preceding quarter. These were factors immediately offsetting the
decline in current foreign expenditures on goods and services.
Item
Exports of goods and services
First
quarter
Second
quarter
4,266
4,414
3 631
2,608
-28
2,422
330
2,470
106
32
8
18
8
3
11
1,273
292
1,490
110
1,215
161
147
115
141
53
124
91
Third
quarter P
MEANS OF FINANCING
Foreign resources:
United States imports of goods and services
Liquidation of gold and dollar assets
_
_ _
Dollar disbursements (net) by:
International Monetary Fund
International Bank
United States Government:
Grants (net) ...
Long and short-term loans (net)
United States private sources:
Kemittances (net) _
Long and short-term capital (net)
Errors and omissions
__
_
_ _ _
-181
-158
-550
i See footnote to table 2.
pPreliminary.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
The sudden increase of British dollar balances by $80
million during the 12 days between the date of devaluation
and the end of September gives some support to this hypothesis.
Import decline slowed down
The continued decline of commodity imports (see table 4)
during the third quarter appears to be due to smaller demands
in the United States and only to a minor extent to expectations of lower prices. Half of the total decline was in nonferrous metals, particularly copper, lead, and zinc, which
were imported in excess of current consumption during the
previous period. Decline in domestic demand may also be
responsible for the smaller imports of machinery and vehicles,
scrap and steel products. The remainder of the import
reductions appears to be largely seasonal.
Tourist expenditures at postwar peak
The decline in. foreign dollar receipts from United States
imports of merchandise was fully compensated by higher
expenditures of United States travelers abroad (see table 5).
The rise reflects not only the seasonal change but also the
upward trend which has been in evidence since the end of
the war. The rise of foreign travel was facilitated by the
greater availability of transportation facilities; these, however, are not yet sufficient to accommodate, during the peak
season, the demand arising from the current high rate of
current personal incomes.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
6
Table 4.—Merchandise Transactions With Foreign Countries
1
December 1949
Table 6.^Gifts and Other Unilateral Transfers 1
[Millions of dollars]
[Millions of dollars]
1949
Item
Transfers to foreign countries:
Exports including reexports recorded by the Bureau of
the Census
Offshore transfers and other adjustments:
Civilian supplies for occupied countries not included
in recorded exports
Surplus property including ship-sales and military
sales
_ ____
_.
_ _
Other adjustments
Total transfers to foreign countries
Through private United States business - Through United States Government agencies. _ _
Transfers from foreign countries:
General imports recorded by Bureau of the Census Purchases for offshore use and other adjustments:
Military purchases abroad
Foreign purchases by other Government agencies
not included in recorded imports _ .._
Other adjustments
Total transfers from foreign countries
Through private United States business
Through United States Government agencies-
1949
First
quarter
Second
quarter
Third
quarter *
3,286
3,356
2,683
24
50
76
39
104
35
53
34
24
3, 453
3,494
2,817
2,868
585
2, 905
588
2,198
619
1,790
1,601
1,477
105
86
95
56
12
28
26
14
34
1,963
1,741
1,620
1,744
219
1,559
182
1,456
164
1
See footnote to table 2.
*> Preliminary.
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
Item
First
quarter
Second
quarter
Third
quarter P
905
53
243
53
1,122
55
244
43
940
13
330
43
53
18
47
44
18
50
62
17
29
1,372
1 576
1 43J
9
90
16
70
150
69
99
1,273
86
1,490
219
1,215
157
10
154
13
139
15
147
141
124
Government:
Payments:
European Recovery Program.. _
_ __
Chinese and Korean aid program. . _
Civilian supplies for occupied countries
Greek-Turkish aid program _
War damage payments and other transfers to the
Republic of the Philippines
International Refugee Organization. _
Other transfers
Total payments
Receipts:
EGA counterpart funds
Other
...
Total receipts
Net Government payments.
__ _
Private remittances:
Payments
Receipts.
Net private payments
1
See footnote to table 2.
P Preliminary.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
Table 7.—International Transactions of the United States
With the Sterling Area
l
Table 5.—Service Transactions With Foreign Countries
[Millions of dollars]
[Millions of dollars]
1949
1949
_
Total payments
_
Item
322
70
303
99
252
113
112
46
119
49
115
36
550
570
516
_
225
111
237
171
240
307
_ _ _ _ _ _
49
179
51
165
51
188
564
624
786
_ _ _ _ _
Total receipts
Payments:
Transportation
Travel
_
Miscellaneous services:
Private
Government
_
Third
quarter »
i See footnote to table 2.
"Preliminary.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
Changes in trade toward prewar pattern
The entire improvement in the foreign deficit on goods and
services was accomplished through a reduction of purchases
from the United States. Even the ERP countries curtailed
their purchases here by $350 million—although EGA-financed
shipments declined by only $200 million. Equally as significant is the decline of merchandise sales to other areas.
Exports to South America fell by about $50 million from
the second quarter, as compared to an increase of our imports from that area by $26 million. These changes brought
our merchandise trade with this continent nearly into balance. Most important among the changes in the trade
with individual Latin American countries was the growing
United States deficit with Brazil, which reached $40 million.
Similarly, an import surplus developed in our trade with
several countries in other areas, especially India and Indonesia.
. This move toward the development of a trade deficit with
tropical countries represents a trend in the direction of the
1
o
EH
Exports of goods and services:
Merchandise, adjusted
Transportation
TraveL.
Miscellaneous services.
Income on investments
Total
____
Imports of goods and services:
Merchandise, adjusted
Transportation
Travel-.
Miscellaneous services
Income on investments _ _ _ _
Total
1
0
Second quarter
"o
EH
'oS
!_!
0>
A
Third quarter
B
13
O
H
United Kingdom
Receipts:
Transportation
Travel
Miscellaneous services:
Private
_
Government
Second
quarter
United Kingdom
First
quarter
United Kingdom
First quarter
Item
%
A
6
505
53
8
54
38
178
31
4
46
22
327
22
4
8
16
575
50
10
54
54
226
29
6
45
23
349
21
4
9
31
438
38
9
52
36
167
23
5
42
21
271
15
4
10
15
658
281
377
743
329
414
573
258
315
373
55
15
49
42
111
44
3
42
42
262
11
12
7
0
284
64
19
50
24
68
54
10
44
23
534
242
292
441
199
216 210
64
10
9
25
6
50
1 28
242
377
68 142
13
51
16
43
28 («)
206 171
?
Net balance of goods and services
+124 +39 +85 +302 +130 +172 +196 +52 +144
Unilateral transfers (net) :
Private
Government
_
n -10
-19
20 -12
-206 -204 — 2 -309 -307
Total
Long-term capital (net) :
United States private
United States Government-. _
Foreign capital
Total
-225 -213
-12 -329 -319
-8 -20 -13
o -253 -252
-10 -273
265
-7
-1
-8
0 -4 +4 -13 -6 -7 -4 -2 -2
-83 -72 -11 -18 +11 -29 -6 +7
13
+8 +8
+11 +12 -1 +11 +11 (")
-75 -68 -7 -20 +17 -37 +1 +16 -15
Gold and short-term capital:
Net purchases (— ) or sales (+) of gold.. -69 +2 -71 -212 -162 -50 -336 -284 -52
Net movements of United States shortterm capital abroad
-10 -13 +3 +17 +17 (•) -59 -59 (•)
Net movement of foreign short-term
capital in the United States
-25 -30 +5 -78 -107 +29 +72 +49 +23
Total
-104
-41 -63 -273 -252
Transfers of funds between foreign areas
(receipts from other areas (— ), payments to other areas (+)), and errors
and omissions
+280 +283
-21
323 -294 -29
-3 +320 +424 -104 +399 +491 -92
* Less than $500,000.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Table 8.—International Transactions of the United States, by Area
[Millions of dollars]
ERP dependencies
ERP countries
Other Europe
Canada and
Newfoundland
Latin America
All other
countries
Total foreign
countries
International
institutions
Total
Item
First Second First Second First Second First Second First Second First Second First Second First Second First Second
quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter quarter
Exports of goods and serpices:
Merchandise, adjusted
Transportation _ _ _ _ _
Travel
Miscellaneous services . ___
Income on investments
Total
Imports of goods and services:
Merchandise, adjusted
Transportation __ _
Travel
.
Miscellaneous services
Income on investments Total
Net balance of goods and services
Unilateral transfers (net) :
Private
Government
1,244
167
12
69
56
1,261
155
17
75
37
209
14
2
2
2
195
13
2
3
20
45
3
2
2
3
48
4
2
2
2
471
11
25
11
70
570
18
44
13
116
785
69
23
24
69
688
57
29
27
105
696
58
6
38
63
728
56
5
33
67
3,450
322
70
146
263
3,490
303
99
153
347
1,548
1, 545
229
233
55
58
588
761
970
906
861
889
4,251
4,392
329
135
18
123
60
252
146
55
127
42
188
3
11
4
0
150
7
7
4
(«)
34
4
1
3
00
32
4
1
1
1
384
15
27
6
13
387
20
58
9
8
658
56
49
16
3
597
48
45
17
3
370
12
5
75
4
323
12
5
58
2
1,963
225
111
227
80
1,741
237
171
216
56
1
1
665
622
206
168
42
39
445
482
782
710
466
400
2,606
2,421
2
+883
+923
+23
+65
+ 13
+ 19
+ 143
+279
+ 188
+ 196
+395
+489 + 1, 645 + 1, 971
+ 13
(•)
-1
(•)
-10
(*)
-17
(•)
-3
-5
-3
-1
7
-3
-5
-2
-33
-205
-26
-243
-147
1 249
-140
1 454
(•)
-24
-1 -147
—36 -1, 273
-141
-1,490
-5
-1
-10
-17
-8
-4
-10
-7
-238
-269
-1,396 -1,594
-24
-37 -1,420
-1,631
+6
-10
(*)
(*)
+2
0
+4
00
-16
(*)
-29
+8
(•)
-96
-14
+8
-132
-7
+1
-34
-1
+1
-47
-3
-2
-141
-291
+10
-187
-108
+16
-18
-5
-74
-2
-4
+2
-159
-296
-64
-189
-112
+18
+2
+4
-45
+4
-102
-138
-34
-52
-422
-279
-97
-4
-519
-283
+4
+6
-89
-88
-1, 036 -1, 208
-1,125 -1,296
Total
Long-term capital (net):
United States private -_ _
United States Government
Foreign capital
Total
Gold and short-term capital:
Net purchases (— ) or sales (-f-)
of gold
Net movements of U. S. shortterm capital abroad
Net movement of foreign shortterm capital in the U. S
Total
Transfers of funds between foreign areas (receipts from other
areas (— ), payments to other
areas (+)) , and errors and omissions
-3
-276
+30
-10
-98
+21
-249
-87
+4
-118
+20
+64
8
(')
(*)
+6
-10
+3
+4
-1
+1
-5
-1
-10
-18
-64
-43
-73
-175
+2
+18
+2
+1
+5
+1
+82
-10
-19
+30
+136
(•)
15
3
3,453
322
70
158
263
3,494
303
99
168
350
22
4,266
4,414
1
1,963
225
111
228
81
1,741
237
171
216
57
1
2,608
2,422
+21 + 1,658
+ 1,992
3
4
12
15
(•)
-69
-169
+30
+136
+63
-173
-7
+16
-15
-10
+82
-92
+3
+95
-38
-16
+88
-180
+51
-23
+139
-203
+87
-227
-4
+22
+2
-7
+78
-88
-6
+ 159
-112
-78
+45
-219
+55
-17
+100
-236
+404
+687
-20
-76
-7
+1
-168
-191
-70
-210
-90
+128
+121
+53
+37
+181
+158
-11
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
* Less than $500,000.
Table 9.—Movements of United States Capital
[Millions of dollars]
Item
Long-term capital:
Government:
Outflow:
Export -Import Bank loans
European Recovery Program
Other.
._
Total outflow
Inflow
-
_ -
--- -
Net outflow of Government long-term capital
Private:
Outflow:
Purchases of obligations from, or guaranteed
by the International Bank
Direct investments 2
Other
.
Total outflow
Inflow
Direct investments
Other
2
-
1
First
quarter
Second
quarter
50
280
29
42
98
28
35
16
22
359
63
168
56
73
44
296
112
29
18
266
9
2
230
9
60
97
293
241
157
104
30
10
* 42
3
47
Third
quarter J»
Total inflow
134
52
50
Net outflow of private long-term capital
159
189
107
-26
-134
-2
3 _17
Net outflow of short-term capital:
Private
Government _.
_ ___ _
1
2
_
A
132
See footnote to table 2.
Data on direct investments for the second and third quarters show the net movements
of capital on intercompany accounts. Other direct investments and liquidations are treated
as 3outflow or inflow of capital, respectively.
Includes a repayment of $1 million of short-term obligations guaranteed by the International Bank.
*> Preliminary.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
prewar trade pattern. Before the war, the United States
trade deficit with these countries permitted them to pay
dollars to European countries, dollars which the latter could
then use to pay for their deficit with Canada and the United
States.
Notwithstanding this shift, data available for the first 8
months of 1949 indicate that exports of the Western European countries to overseas areas (other than United States)
actually declined while their imports at least from Canada
and Latin America increased.1 Thus, it seems that European sales even in countries other than the United States
were frequently
marginal and failed to continue when the
sellers7 market in these countries started to weaken. This
was particularly true in Latin America. The decline in
European exports took place not because of difficulties of
production, but rather because of difficulties in selling.
It was inevitable, therefore, that the competitive ability
of the European countries had to be raised. This was
attempted through the devaluation of their currencies.
The success of the devaluation in stimulating European
sales in overseas countries, particularly in the Western Hemisphere, will determine whether the recent improvements in
the balance of payments of the rest of the world with the
United States constitutes a permanent advance toward the
reestablishment of a new equilibrium—or whether the
adjustments were temporary, as in 1947 when they were
dictated by lack of dollar exchange, and were reversed again
as soon as the immediate emergency disappeared.
1
United Nations, Economic Bulletin for Europe, Second Quarter 1949, table XVI.
By Betty C. Churchill and Murray F. Foss
State Estimates of the
Business Population
The 30-percent rise in the business population between early 1944 and early 1949 was accompanied by
regional variations of considerable magnitude. The
Far West, Southwest, and Southeast increased much
more than average while New England, the Middle East.
Central, and Northwest regions increased less than
average. Strong upward secular forces which were
accentuated during the war dominated the expansion
in the business population of the former areas and
accounted for their higher-than-average rates of newfirm formation. A much larger part of the postwar
business population increase in the other regions represented an adjustment £rom the very low levels brought
on by the war production program. By early 1949 the
strength of the wartime forces which favored the South
and Far West had diminished considerably, but
entrance rates in these regions were still well above
those in the rest of the countrv.
_LHE present article introduces for the first time State and
regional estimates of the business population on an annual
basis for the postwar period. These estimates take on
special significance in view of the far-reaching changes which
the economy has experienced as it moved from a war footing
through the reconversion period to a more normal peacetime
basis.
SURVEY readers who have followed the articles on State
income payments are aware of the wide variations in economic activity, from State to State and region to region,
which have resulted from the war and the subsequent postwar adjustment and from the long-term and cyclical forces at
work in the economy. The interaction of these forces has
also brought about, and in turn, has been influenced by, the
substantial changes in the State and regional distribution of
the business population in recent years. The interpretation of
regional differences and changes in economic activity is
obviously enhanced by a knowledge of the present geographical distribution of the business population and of changes in
this regional pattern over time.
This study presents information on the number of firms in
operation in each State as of March 31, from 1944 to 1949,
and on the number of new and discontinued businesses annually from 1944 through 1948. The data shown here by
States are presented within the framework of the revised
estimates of the business population for the country as a
NOTE.—Miss Churchill and Mr. Foss are members of the Business Structure Division,
Office of Business Economics.
whole, which appeared 1in the June 1949 issue of the SURVEY
OF CURRENT BusiNEss.
Data on firms in operation are presented for 6 major industry divisions: construction, manufacturing, wholesale
trade, retail trade, service industries and all other industries
combined. The "all other industries" group includes 3
major industries—mining and quarrying; transportation,
communication and other public utilities; and finance, insurance and real estate—for each of which are shown the number of firms in operation as of March 31,1948. In addition,
for retail trade and manufacturing, information on firms in
operation as of March 31, 1948 is broken down into minor
industry groupings.
In using the State information shown here it should be
pointed out that the data represent estimated totals rather
than precise counts of firms. The most serious problem of
estimation involved the large group of concerns with no
employees, for which little information was available. It
should be noted that the margin of error increases with the
amount of detail shown and that estimating errors are relatively greater in the case of levels for any single year than in
the case of year-to-year movements.
Comparison with census data
In comparing the business population figures of the Office
of Business Economics with those of the Bureau of the
Census, it should be borne in mind that there are several factors which may give rise to differences between the two sets
of data. In the first place, the basic unit in the OBE business population estimates is the firm, which may consist of
one or more establishments—plants in the case of manufacturing, for example, or stores in the case of retail trade.
The Census of Manufactures and the Census of Business,
on the other hand, are on an establishment basis. Secondly,
differences arise due to the use of cut-off points. The business population estimates presented here include no cut-off
based on size of firm. Although the 1948 Census of Business
uses no size cut-offs, in the 1947 Census of Manufactures,
only manufacturing establishments having at least one
employee are counted. Third, there is a difference in the
treatment of multiunit firms doing business in more than
one indu&try. OBE counts such firms once—and classifies
the firm in that industry engaging the highest proportion of
total employment. In contrast, the Bureau of the Census
counts and classifies each establishment of such a firm
separately.
1
For definitions, concepts and technical notes on the United States business population
the reader is referred to the technical appendix to the June 1949 article, pages 23 and 24. Firms
located in more than one State were classified in the State of the firm's reporting headquarters.
The basic data for the State estimates came from the Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance. The regional classifications used here are the same as those used in Survey articles on
state income payments.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
A further source of discrepancy between the 2 sets of data
may arise from possible differences in industry classifications.
Despite the generally close agreement in the industry classifications employed in the Census of Manufactures, on the
one hand, and in the sources of bench-mark data used by
OBE, on the other—Statistics qf Income of the Bureau of
Internal Revenue, and the Census of Population Labor
Force Reports—it is inevitable that in a number of instances
the same firm was classified differently by the agencies
involved.
It is not possible to present here a quantitative evaluation
of the above-mentioned factors. However, both the Bureau
of the Census and the Office of Business Economics are currently engaged in such a study.
Changes in the Postwar Business Population
In the 5-year period between the first quarter of 1944 and
the first quarter of 1949 the business population of the
United States increased by more than 30 percent. This
over-all average, however, conceals regional and State variations of considerable magnitude.
Far West., Southwest and Southeast lead
As illustrated in the upper left-hand part of chart 1 and
as shown in table 2, the Far West, Southwest, and Southeast regions increased substantially more than the national
average, New England, the Middle East, and the Central
Chart 1.—Percent Change in Number of Firms in Operation, March 31, 1944 to March 31, 1949, by Major Industry
Divisions and by Regions
ALL INDUSTRIES
25
PERCENT CHANGE
50
RETAIL TRADE
75
I
UNITED STATES
25
100
PERCENT CHANGE
50
75
100
UNITED STATES
FAR WEST
SOUTHEAST
SOUTHWEST
MIDDLE EAST
NORTHWEST
NEW E N G L A N D
CENTRAL
FAR WEST
SOUTHWEST
SOUTHEAST
NORTHWEST
NEW ENGLAND
MIDDLE EAST
CENTRAL
MANUFACTURING
WHOLESALE TRADE
UNITED STATES
UNITED STATES
FAR WEST
SOUTHWEST
SOUTHEAST
NORTHWEST
NEW E N G L A N D
MIDDLE EAST
CENTRAL
FAR WEST
SOUTHWEST
SOUTHEAST
MIDDLE EAST
NEW ENGLAND
CENTRAL
NORTHWEST
MINING AND QUARRYING
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE
UNITED STATES
UNITED STATES
SOUTHWEST
SOUTHEAST
FAR WEST
NORTHWEST
NEW E N G L A N D
CENTRAL
MIDDLE EAST
SOUTHEAST
SOUTHWEST
MIDDLE EAST
NEW ENGLAND I
NORTHWEST
•
CENTRAL
•
FAR WEST §••
TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATION, ETC.
SERVICE INDUSTRIES
UNITED STATES ;xK444^44M4^4^xa^^4^
UNITED STATES
FAR WEST
SOUTHWEST
SOUTHEAST
NORTHWEST
MIDDLE EAST
CENTRAL
NEW E N G L A N D
FAR WEST
SOUTHWEST
SOUTHEAST
MIDDLE EAST
NEW ENGLAND
CENTRAL
NORTHWEST
CONTRACT
25
50
75
CONSTRUCTION
100
125
150
175
200
225
UNITED STATES
SOUTHWEST
FAR WEST
SOUTHEAST
NORTHWEST
CENTRAL
NEW E N G L A N D
MIDDLE EAST
U. & DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, OFFICE OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS
1
Also includes other public utilities.
Source of data: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
864941—49
2
49-377
SUEVEY OF CUERENT BUSINESS
10
States increased noticeably less than average while the Northwest increased only moderately less than average. Of the
913,000 net increase in the business population over this
period 48 percent took place in the 3 most rapidly growing regions, which in 1944 accounted for only 30 percent of
the total business population. Basic data on total firms in
operation from 1944 to 1949, by States and regions, are shown
in table 1.
The top-ranking States in the scale of increases were
Florida, Arizona, and California, where the business populations rose 71, 67, and 59 percent, respectively. At the
bottom were the District of Columbia, Illinois, and Missouri,
with increases of 10, 12, and 13 percent.
Similar pattern in major industries
An examination of the regional changes within each major
industry reveals a pattern of increase quite similar to the
increases for all industries combined, as shown in chart 1.
December 1949
Except for mining, the Far West, Southwest, and Southeast
made by far the largest advances in every one of the major
industry divisions. In construction, manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade and finance the relative gain of the
leading region was approximately double or more than double
the national average. It can also be seen that industry by
industry there was not much difference in the increases
which occurred in the 3 or 4 regions with the smallest relative gains.
The pattern of increase by industry was fairly uniform
among the regions and in a general way followed the national
pattern. The construction industry made by far the largest
percentage increase in all regions, an indication of the
pervasiveness of the pent-up demand for construction in the
postwar period. Except for the Far West, the number of
firms in the transportation, communication, and other
public utility group showed the second largest relative gain
in each region and except for the Northwest and Far West
the increase in the business population in wholesale trade
Table 1.—Number of Firms in Operation, March 31, 1944-1949, and Number of New and Discontinued Businesses, 1944-1948, by States and
Regions
[Thousands]
Firms in operation
New businesses
Discontinued businesses
State and region
Continental United States
New England
Connecticut
Maine _
Massachusetts _ _ _
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
__
_
Middle East
Delaware
District of Columbia
Maryland
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
West Virginia
_
Southeast
Alabama
Arkansas
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
Louisiana
Mississippi
North Carolina .
South Carolina
Tennessee
Virginia
__
_
Southwest
Arizona
New Mexico
Oklahoma. __
Texas
Central
Illinois _
Indiana
Iowa
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri
Ohio
Wisconsin
__
Northwest
Colorado
Idaho
Kansas
Montana
Nebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota
Utah
Wyoming
Far West
California
Nevada
Oregon
Washington
__
_
_
_ _ ._
_.
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948 v
1949 v
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948 P
1944
1945
1946
1947
3,022.2
3,219.1
3,515.8
3,839.7
3,966.8
3, 935. 3
354.9
429.8
619.8
472.8
394.6
198.4
202.6
226.4
291.8
373.6
217.4
45.5
23.9
108.3
13.8
17.0
8.9
226.5
47.4
24.6
113.1
14.1
18.1
9.2
245.4
53.8
26.5
118.6
15.8
20.5
10.3
272.8
58.8
29.3
134.8
17.5
21.4
11.0
274.1
57.8
29.5
136.6
17.4
21.8
11.0
269.7
56.9
29.4
133.6
16.8
21.9
11.1
17.0
3.7
1.7
8.2
1.1
1.7
.6
24.4
6.2
2.5
10.5
1.7
2.3
• 1.2
40.8
8.2
4.7
20.7
2.8
2.8
1.6
25.0
4.7
3.1
12.6
1.7
1.9
1.0
20.2
4.2
2.3
9.6
1.4
1.7
1.0
10.6
2.7
1.3
4.4
.8
.8
.5
11.3
1.3
1.5
7.1
.6
.4
.4
10.5
2.3
1.4
4.2
.8
1.2
.5
16.4
4.1
2.1
7.0
1.2
1.2
.8
21.8
4.2
2.4
11.0
1.8
1.6
.8
831.5
7.6
20.3
40.5
116.7
426.0
193.0
27.5
866.8
7.8
21.1
41.8
119.5
445.2
200.9
30.4
939.3
8.3
21.7
45.2
131.1
483.6
216.7
32.8
1,015.1
8.8
22.9
49.5
142.7
519.0
236.3
36.1
1,026.8
9.0
22.8
50.5
143.1
518.3
245.3
37.9
1,030.6
9.2
22.2
50.0
142.8
521.2
245.4
39.8
74.1
.5
1.8
3.6
9.2
40.0
15.3
3.7
104.2
.8
1.7
4.3
15.1
57.9
20.0
4.5
147.0
1.3
2.6
7.6
20.2
78.1
31.0
6.2
104.3
1.0
1.9
5.8
12.5
53.4
24.7
5.0
95.5
.9
1.7
4.8
11.2
48.7
22.5
5.6
48.4
.2
1.2
2.3
8.2
25.6
8.9
1.9
50.9
.6
1.4
2.5
6.8
29.5
8.0
2.2
55.0
.7
1.1
2.1
5.9
33.1
9.8
2.1
76.4
.7
1.7
4.0
9.4
45.8
11.9
2.9
84.8
.7
2.3
5.1
12.0
43.4
18.2
3.1
422.6
37.0
26.1
48.2
45.8
37.8
33.6
23.3
50.9
26.0
45.1
48.8
462.8
39.9
28.8
55.0
50.1
40.5
37.7
25.8
55.1
28.0
49.4
52.5
500.5
42.6
31.2
63.6
53.6
44.0
41.2
28.1
57.8
30.0
52.4
55.9
562.3
48.8
35.3
73.4
61.4
48.7
46.0
30.7
66.7
32.8
57.1
61.4
604.2
52.9
39.5
83.0
64.3
52.9
48.8
32.3
70.6
34.8
59.3
65.7
604.4
51.5
37.8
82.4
64.7
54.2
47.5
32.5
71.7
35.5
59.9
66.7
61.1
4.6
4.0
8.6
6.1
4.6
6. 3
3.5
7.5
2.9
6.7
6.4
65.0
5.1
4.5
11.9
6.7
5.5
5.7
3.9
5.2
3.4
6.9
6.2
107.7
9,3
6.9
17.7
12.5
8.0
10.0
6.2
11.3
5.6
9.7
10.4
89.3
7.4
7.0
16.0
8.1
7.7
7.2
4.6
10.2
4.8
7.5
9.0
72.2
6.1
4.5
14.1
5.6
6.7
5.8
3.6
8.2
3.8
6.3
7.5
29.3
2.7
2.2
4.7
2.6
2.5
2.5
1.3
2.9
1.5
3.2
3.3
35.8
2.7
2.8
5.0
3.8
2.9
3.3
2.3
3.4
1.9
3.8
3.8
38.4
2.7
2.6
5.5
4.0
2.8
3.7
2.6
3.6
2.2
4.6
4.2
40.3
3.3
1.6
6.8
4.2
3.2
3.4
2.5
4.1
2.3
4.5
4.3
61.0
5.6
5.0
12.9
2.8
4.7
6.0
3.1
6.6
2.8
5.4
6.2
200.1
11.2
10.4
39.6
138.9
229.8
12.7
11.5
43.6
162.1
255.0
14.8
13.1
48.7
178.4
278.1
17.3
14.8
52.0
193.9
295.0
19.2
15.9
54.6
205.3
291.6
18.7
15.3
52.9
204.8
43.6
2.5
1.9
6.7
32.6
41.2
2.6
2.3
6.9
29.4
54.4
4.6
3.9
8.6
37.2
44.6
4.2
2.8
7.2
30.4
35.2
3.3
2.1
4.8
25.1
16.7
.9
1.0
2.8
12.1
18.9
1.1
1.3
2.8
13.7
23.0
1.8
1.6
3.5
16.1
27.2
1.8
1.6
4.8
19.0
32.9
3.1
2.4
5.1
22.3
893.8
235.5
79.0
61.6
126. 3
65.0
94.6
153.9
77.9
931. 4
244.0
84.1
64.0
128.0
68.1
98.9
162.7
81.6
1,006.5
260.1
90.5
69.5
142.1
72.9
103.8
177.2
90.5
1,071.4
267.7
96.6
75.0
155.4
79.0
108.4
192.4
96.9
1,085.0
267.7
99.0
76.2
158.5
79.6
109.9
194.8
99.3
1,075.1
264.4
97.9
73.9
157.0
78.7
107.3
198.0
98.1
82.5
20.1
7.7
6.9
10.4
5.8
9.2
15.4
7.0
103.4
26.0
9.8
6.2
16.0
7.4
10.0
19.2
8.9
143.8
30.1
13.9
9.7
26.7
10.3
15.0
26.5
11.6
100.2
20.3
10.7
6.3
16.9
7.5
11.3
18.8
8.5
91.6
21.6
8.5
5.1
16.9
5.9
8.1
18.1
7.5
53.5
14.9
3.7
3.7
9.5
3.7
6.2
8.1
3.7
49.0
12.3
4.3
3.1
8.3
3.5
7.3
7.7
2.6
57.0
16.3
5.7
2.8
9.4
3.3
7.6
8.7
3.3
73.1
18.9
7.0
4.1
11.5
4.6
8.1
13.7
5.3
92.6
24.4
9.2
6.2
16.2
7.0
9.7
13.2
6.8
170.5
27.2
10.7
43.4
14.5
31.1
12.2
14.2
11.1
6.1
178.6
28.6
11.4
46.1
15.1
31.8
12.8
15.0
11.3
6.4
198. 5
32.4
13.3
51.4
16.4
35.3
13.4
15.8
12.9
7.5
216.9
36.0
15.2
55.2
17.8
38.1
14.6
16.9
14.8
8.3
221.3
36.6
15.4
56.6
18.2
38.3
14.7
17.7
15.4
8.5
217.2
35.0
15.0
56.3
18.0
37.4
14.4
17.5
15.2
8.3
17.4
3.1
.5
.9
.5
.1
.0
.7
.8
.8
23.8
4.1
2.1
6.2
2.0
3.8
1.3
1.5
1.7
1.2
35.8
7.1
3.4
8.5
2.8
5.7
1.7
2.1
3.1
1.4
26.8
5.2
2.5
6. 3
2.2
3.8
1.4
2.0
2.3
1.1
19.7
4.1
1.7
4.6
1.7
2.9
1.0
1.4
1.4
.9
11.3
2.0
1.0
2.8
1.0
1.7
.7
.8
.8
.5
10.6
1.9
.9
2.5
1.0
1.6
.7
.8
.8
.3
11.9
2.1
.9
2.9
1.1
2.0
.6
1.0
.8
.5
18.7
4.4
1.8
4.4
1.5
2.8
.9
1.0
1.2
.7
21.5
4.9
2.0
4.3
1.8
3.4
1.2
1.5
1.5
1.0
286.3
206.7
4.0
31.7
44.0
323.2
235.3
4.1
34.1
49.6
370.7
268.0
4.9
39.5
58.3
423.0
306.8
5.6
45.6
65.1
460.4
338.8
5.9
48.0
67.7
446.6
329.2
5.7
46.3
65.4
59.1
44.9
.5
5.2
8.6
68.0
48.3
1.0
7.6
11.0
90.2
65.4
1.5
10.1
13.3
82.2
62.9
1.2
7.9
10.3
60.1
44.5
.9
6.9
7.7
28.7
21.1
.5
3.2
3.9
26.1
19.6
.5
3.1
2.8
30.7
21.7
.6
3.3
5.1
39.6
27.8
59.1
41.9
1.0
7.2
8.9
v Preliminary.
NOTE—Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of rounding.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
5'. 1
6.0
1948 P
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
was third. Generally, retail trade and finance registered the
smallest relative gains.
Year-to-year regional changes
Since year-to-year changes in the total business population varied considerably over the 5-year span covered in
this article, it is desirable to examine the regional changes
over shorter periods. From the first quarter of 1944 to the
first quarter of 1945, a year when wartime controls were
still widespread, tihe total number of firms in operation
increased by about 6 percent, and regional changes conformed
largely to the pattern for the longer period.
Over the next year, which marked the end of hostilities
and the start of the reconversion period, the business population grew at an increasing rate in all regions except the
Southeast and Southwest. Except for the Far West, which
Table 2.—Percent Change in Number of Firms in Operation, March
31, 1944, to March 31, 1949, by Major Industry Divisions and by
State and Regions 1
State and region
All Mining
and
indus- quarrytries
ing
TransportaFiContion,
nance,
tract Manu- commu- Whole- Retail insur- Service
con- factur- nication sale trade ance,
struc- ing
and
trade
and industries
tion
other
real
public
estate
utilities
11
led the rise with a 15-percent advance, differences in rates
of increase among the regions were much less pronounced
than they had been the year before. The Middle East,
New England, Central, and Southeast regions rose about
8 percent, or a little less than the United States average
of 9 percent, while the Northwest and Southwest rose about
11 percent.
From March 1946 to the following year, a period which
marked the virtual completion of demobilization and reconversion and the abolition of price controls, the number of
operating firms showed its greatest annual increase in terms
of numbers. Relatively, however, the change was about the
same as in the previous year. The rate of increase declined
in all regions except New England and the Southeast. Again
the Far West made the greatest relative increase, followed
by the Southeast and New England.
The pronounced slowing down in the growth of the business population between early 1947 and 1948 was evident
throughout the country. The most significant aspect of this
change was that approximately three-fourths of the 125,000
net increase over this period was accounted for in the Far
West, Southwest, and Southeast. The business population
in New England was virtually unchanged while the Middle
East, Central, and Northwest regions registered very small
increases.
Finally, in the year ending March 31, 1949, the number of
firms in operation declined for the first time since late 1943.
The outstanding change was the 14,000 firm drop in the Far
West, over two-fifths of the decline in the entire country.
Except for the Middle East and the Southeast, the business
population of the other regions conformed to the national
pattern and showed small decreases.
Continental United
States
30.2
9.7
116.8
27.3
56.1
41.4
22.1
11.8
31.1
New England
Connecticut
Maine
_ _
Massachusetts
New Hampshire. .
Bhode Island
Vermont
24.1
24 9
22.9
23.4
21.6
29.0
25.8
-2.1
19 6
17.5
1.8
-53.1
0
-26.7
86.2
85.7
97.6
74.5
105.8
114.8
143. 3
22.8
18.9
29.0
18.2
18.3
49.9
18.7
47 3
29 2
84 9
43.2
55.8
60.8
37.7
29 5
47 7
29.4
29.0
27.1
50.0
16 4
14 4
12 1
18.4
11.8
16.5
21.5
92
81
68
10.2
.5
14.6
6.7
22 5
30 5
18 4
20.9
18.2
25.7
12.2
Middle East
Delaware
District of Columbia
Maryland _
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
West Virginia
23.9
20.4
8.9
— 50.0
80.8
100. 2
19.0
5.9
51.0
66 7
33.2
38 8
20.3
14 6
3.9
4
25 4
17 6
9.5
23.6
22.4
22 3
27.2
44.6
Qg g
— 15. 1
-16.9
—7 8
.5
42.9
54.4
91.0
65. 6
77.1
91.0
159.0
6.4
10.5
19.0
17.6
22.1
48.5
22.6
45 4
30.2
50 5
53.1
163.0
34.4
22.3
38.7
32 9
31.2
62.8
6.1
18 2
16.8
21 6
20.2
33.0
11.3
13 1
7.8
2 5
1.9
21.2
1.8
19 3
23.9
24 2
o3.5
33.1
Southeast
Alabama
Arkansas
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
Louisiana.
Mississippi
North Carolina—South Carolina _ . _
Tennessee
Virginia
43.0
89.1
45.0
70.9
41.3
43.4
41.5
39.2
41.0
36.1
32.6
36.8
47.8
13.7
-21.3
-15.2
2.3
101.5
5.3
63.9
-38.2
-9.8
5.9
149.7
185.7
148.6
264.1
258. 3
175.3
179.8
192.2
253.6
177. 8
155.1
166.0
137.7
44.2
37.4
64.1
80.8
46.2
30.3
35.2
42.4
41.5
49.2
46.4
29.1
72.7
71.4
121.2
87.3
53.0
98.3
107.9
61.3
65.7
38.0
63.9
57.9
67.2
65.8
79.6
10?. 1
71.7
48.4
61.4
76.7
68.5
59.3
57.8
47.2
31.9
30.1
33.0
54 0
32.7
32.7
25.7
26.6
28.7
28.0
22.6
32.2
37.1
44.9
4?. 9
63 2
35.4
23.5
46.8
34.8
46.4
33.8
15.3
20.6
37.7
36 0
37.2
62 1
35.1
34.0
44.2
39.9
S7. 4
31.2
30 0
23.2
Southwest
Arizona
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Texas
45.7
67.3
46.8
33.4
47.4
16.4
-25.0
.3
5.4
25.9
227.0
555.7
242.4
172.7
219.3
47.6
97.7
36.8
23.0
52.3
77.6
51.5
56.2
50.6
90.3
69.5
126.7
77.5
48.4
71.9
31 7
41.2
35.0
25.8
32.3
45.7
96.8
77.2
23.8
47.8
40.2
53.9
38.5
32.7
41.2
Central
Illinois
Indiana
__
Iowa
Michigan
Minnesota - .Missouri _
Ohio
Wisconsin
20 3
12.2
23.8
20.1
24.3
21.1
13.4
28.6
26.0
-4 5
-9.1
6.4
-3.4
-13.3
-11.8
-16.9
— .1
23.4
86.3
54.6
119.9
87.6
83.8
133.9
76.3
102.2
94.4
15.2
14.1
22.1
.8
13.4
15.8
13.3
19.0
17.6
46 8
44.9
45.4
40.7
61.5
55.4
32.6
54.1
40.6
28 4
26.3
27.4
17.2
33.0
32.4
24.1
32.4
34.7
13.1
9.0
14.8
14.6
14.8
10.3
8.8
17.3
16.2
4 2
-5.2
10.3
10.8
16.0
3.2
4.2
16.2
20.7
24 1
14.9
26.0
20.3
30.3
21.7
10.0
40 5
30.5
Northwest
Colorado.
Idaho
Kansas
Montana
Nebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota
Utah
Wyoming
27.4
28.7
40.0
29.9
24.1
20.4
18.1
23.6
36.9
36.1
-3.6
-24.6
4.6
14. 5
-17.9
21.8
-27.7
-36.6
-8.3
19.9
158.4
143.9
471.1
154.7
146.8
114.9
193.2
194.7
133.4
172.3
26.5
40.3
66.6
24.6
45.6
7.7
-3.7
-3.5
24.9
34.7
45.4
49.7
37.3
54.7
36.5
43.0
27.9
45.8
28.1
64.4
25.5
52.4
61.3
17.9
34.0
13.0
5.4
14.9
59.5
33.6
18.3
18.3
23.4
20.0
19.0
12.8
14.6
13.3
30.6
24.0
17.4
21.2
26.4
22.2
5.8
10.5
14.1
22.0
13.8
25.4
27.8
24.2
30.1
34.9
20.4
22.0
17.3
26.2
38.8
33.5
Far West
California .
Nevada.
Oregon
Washington
56.0
59.2
44.9
46.1
48.6
-9.9
-8.8
-31.0
0 0
206.0
206.2
195.5
223.9
194.2
60.6
52.2
24.6
79.7
73.7
82.3
101.1
83.4
73.5
39.3
83.6
85.7
127.1
74.2
76.6
40.4
44.7
37.3
22.7
33.3
32.6
33.5
28.7
35.6
26.7
53.3
57.4
34.7
33.0
47.8
The nature of the regional business population changes
over time can be better seen by an examination of new and
discontinued businesses. In order to eliminate the influence
of the size of the business population on the number of births
and deaths, information on entrance and discontinuance
rates is presented in tables 3 and 4 and chart 2. The rates
in table 4 and chart 2 refer to the number of new or discontinued businesses in each calendar year per 1,000 businesses in operation as of March 31 in each year.2 Table 3
is a regional summary in which the rates are expressed in
terms of 5-year averages for the 1944-48 period. State
data on firms in operation and turn-over for all industries
combined are shown in table 1. Firms in operation by
State for 6 major industry groups are presented in table 7,
Similar data on new and discontinued businesses by major
industry and State may be obtained upon request from the
Office of Business Economics.
The entrance rates bring into sharp focus the more
buoyant activity in the South and Far West. For the
economy as a whole there were 129 new businesses formed
on the average each year for every 1,000 businesses in
operation, from 1944 to 1948. The Far West led the rest
of the country with an entrance rate of 193, followed by the
Southwest (174) and the Southeast (155). New England
and the Central region were low with birth rates of 103 and
104, respectively.
Over the same period there were 74 deaths per 1,000 for
the United States. As table 4 indicates, there is a clear-cut
positive correlation between the size of birth rate and that
of the discontinuance rate. It has been pointed out previously that high birth rates and death rates go together because
of the high rate of new firm mortality.
Based on data in tables 1 and 7. All computations were made from unrounded figures.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
2 SURVEY readers will note that in earlier articles the entrance and discontinuance rates
referred to births and deaths relative to the number of firms operating at the beginning of
the period.
-6.1
1
6
New and Discontinued Businesses
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
12
Table 3.—Entrance and Discontinuance Rates: Number of New
and Discontinued Firms per 1,000 Firms in Operation, by Regions,
1944-48 Average *
Region
Continental United States
New England
Middle East
Southeast. __
Southwest- _
Central
Northwest
Far West
Entrance
rate
Discontinuance
rate
129.3
73.6
55.7
103.1
112 2
154 9
174.1
57.1
67.4
80.2
94.4
65.2
75.1
98 8
46.0
44.8
74.7
79.7
39.1
50.2
94 2
_
104.5
125.3
193 0
__
Net
change
1
Based on data in table 1. All computations were made from unrounded figures.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
Year-to-year changes in entrances
For the country as a whole the number of new businesses
formed increased up to 1946 and declined thereafter. Except
for the Southwest region, where the number of births edged
down between 1944 and 1945, the national pattern was
duplicated in all the regions and practically all the states.
Throughout the period entrance rates in the Far West,
Southwest and Southeast were higher than those in the rest
of the country. However, there were pronounced differences in the degree of year-to-year changes among the regions.
These are outlined below:
1. Although the population of the Far West, Southwest
and Southeast rose relatively more than average between
1944 and 1946, the percent increase in the number of new
businesses and in entrance rates for these regions was less
than average. In fact, the entrance rate dropped slightly
in the Southwest over this period. These differential
changes in the entrance rates are brought out clearly in
chart 2. In terms of the number of new firms the increase
in the above regions was 54 percent, as compared with 92
Chart 2.—Entrance Rates by Regions: Number of New
Businesses Per 1,000 Firms in Operation l
RATE
50
100
150
200
250
UNITED STATES
SOUTHWEST
NORTHWEST
Entrance rates
MIDDLE EAST
23 1944
1946
1948
49-381
1944
Continental United
States
Firms in operation are as of March 31 in each year.
Source of data: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
117
1945
1946
1947 1948 * 1944
1945
1946
1947
1948 v
134
176
123
99
66
63
64
76
94
78
81
73
76
77
98
73
108
131
103
93
123
124
128
166
153
177
174
180
138
153
92
80
105
94
97
87
93
74
72
78
70
82
80
90
49
59
54
41
59
48
60
50
28
63
63
41
19
47
43
43
53
35
52
59
52
60
69
72
52
68
57
74
79
72
81
81
103
72
73
Middle East
Delaware
District of Columbia, __
Maryland
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
West Virginia
89
64
91
90
79
94
79
134
120
101
81
103
126
130
100
147
156
159
121
168
154
161
143
190
103
114
85
116
87
103
105
139
93
101
76
96
78
94
92
148
58
31
58
57
71
60
46
69
59
78
66
60
57
66
40
72
59
82
52
47
45
69
45
65
75
79
73
81
66
88
51
81
83
75
100
102
84
84
74
83
Southeast
Alabama
Arkansas
Florida
Georgia _
_
Kentucky
Louisiana
Mississippi ._
North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee..
Virginia
145
124
152
178
133
122
189
150
147
111
148
131
140
129
155
216
133
136
150
150
95
122
141
118
215
219
222
279
233
182
242
219
195
187
186
187
159
151
198
218
132
157
158
149
152
145
131
147
119
115
115
170
87
126
119
111
116
109
107
114
69
73
84
98
57
66
73
54
57
56
72
67
77
69
97
91
75
71
87
91
62
69
77
73
77
64
83
86
75
63
89
92
63
74
89
74
72
69
46
93
68
65
74
81
62
70
79
69
101
106
126
155
43
89
122
95
94
79
91
95
218
222
185
169
234
179
204
196
159
181
213
309
302
177
209
160
245
186
139
157
119
170
131
88
122
84
80
95
70
87
82
87
116
65
84
90
122
122
73
90
98
102
105
93
98
112
160
148
94
109
92
85
97
113
83
90
97
100
90
111
106
116
96
125
108
101
118
109
143
116
154
139
188
141
145
150
128
94
76
110
84
109
94
104
98
88
84
81
86
67
106
75
73
93
75
60
63
47
60
75
57
65
52
48
53
50
51
48
65
52
74
47
32
57
63
63
40
66
45
73
49
36
68
71
72
55
74
58
75
71
54
85
91
93
82
102
88
88
68
68
102
112
139
113
103
68
85
117
76
126
133
142
187
135
129
118
100
97
146
192
180
218
255
165
172
163
130
133
237
180
124
146
161
114
124
100
95
120
154
135
89
112
109
81
94
75
67
82
91
109
66
72
90
64
73
55
56
60
69
89
59
65
83
54
66
51
56
55
71
52
60
65
71
56
68
57
44
60
61
67
86
122
115
80
83
74
63
60
83
85
97
133
130
76
100
89
82
83
97
115
.. 207
210
205
251
222
222
243
244
309
254
228
194
205
217
172
158
131
131
157
144
114
100
102
117
102
89
81
84
125
90
57
83
81
121
84
87
94
91
130
112
92
128
124
172
150
132
New England
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
Far West
_
California
Nevada
Oregon
Washington
1
a
Discontinuance rates
State and region
._
_.
...
__
Northwest—
Colorado Idaho. -..
Kansas
Montana _ . __ .
Nebraska - _
North Dakota
South Dakota
Utah
Wyoming..
NEW ENGLAND
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, OFFICE OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS
Table 4.—Entrance and Discontinuance Rates: Number of New
and Discontinued Firms per 1,000 Firms in Operation March 31,
by States and Regions, 1944-48 l
Central
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Michigan _
Minnesota
Missouri __
Ohio
Wisconsin _
SOUTHEAST
CENTRAL
percent in the more slowly growing areas—New England,
the Middle East, Central and Northwest regions.
2. Between 1946 and 1947 the drop in both the number of
new businesses and entrance rates was more pronounced
in the more slowly growing regions mentioned above.
Between 1947 and 1948, however, the picture is mixed.
The number of births and the entrance rates dropped most
in the Far West and Northwest, somewhat less in the Southeast, Southwest, and New England, and least of all in the
Central and Middle East regions.
3. The drop in the entrance rates between 1946 and 1948
for the 3 most rapidly growing regions was sufficiently large
to bring the 1946 rates for these regions well below their
1944 levels. As compared to 1944 the actual number of
births in 1948 was about the same in the Far West, somewhat lower in the Southwest, and higher in the Southeast.
For the other regions the 1948 entrance rates were about
the same as in 1944, as can be seen in chart 2. However,
in each of these 4 other regions the number of births was
higher in 1948 than, in 1944.
Southwest
Arizona
New Mexico. _
Oklahoma
Texas
FAR WEST
December 1949
_
__
__
__
217
132
163
195
Based on data in table 1. All computations were made from unrounded figures.
9 Preliminary.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
SUEVEY OF CUEKENT BUSINESS
December 1949
4. There was still considerable variation in regional
entrance rates in 1948, though it was less than in 1944. In
1944 the entrance rate of the highest region, the Southwest,
was almost 3 times that of the lowest region, New England—
218 against 78. In 1948 the top-ranking region, the Far
West, had an entrance rate of 131, which was only threefourths greater than that of New England.
Discontinuances mirror age composition
Throughout the period the discontinuance rates in the Far
West, Southwest and Southeast were generally greater than
those in the other areas because of their higher entrance rates.
Similarly, regional year-to-year changes in the number of discontinuances and in discontinuance rates reflect for the most
part the age composition of the regional business population.
For example, the relatively larger increase from 1946 to 1947
in the number of discontinuances and discontinuance rates in
New England, the Middle East, Central, and Northwest
regions as compared to the Far West, Southwest, and Southeast may be considered an aftermath of the earlier entrance
pattern. New firm formation, as mentioned before, had
jumped markedly in the more slowly growing regions between
1944 and 1946. Although the new business rate was higher
in the other regions, it had changed little over the same
period.
In 1948 the spread in discontinuance rates among the
regions, from the lowest to the highest, was less than it had
been in the earlier years, as was true of regional entrance
rates. However, as might be expected, discontinuance rates
for all regions were noticeably higher than in 1944, in contrast
to the pattern of entrance rates.
Differential
13
rates in 1948 in the South and Far West were well below
their 1944 levels, though for the other regions there was
little change in entrance rates between these 2 years.
Characteristics of the Business Population
Previous articles on the business population have shown
that over the long term the growth of the human population and of income are among the more important factors
associated with the over-all level of the business population.
Similarly, at any given time the total number of firms in
operation in any State is primarily associated with the size
of the human population and income in the State.
Close relationship with income payments
Chart 3 depicts the 1948 relationship between the number
of firms in operation and the total income payments to
individuals (which takes into account the joint effect of
population and per capita income), by States.
Chart 3.—Relationship Between Numher of Firms in
Operation and Total Income Payments, by States,
1948 l
600
500
s400
influences in regional change
It is difficult to draw conclusions about the significance of
the regional birth and death data in the absence of a prewar
frame of reference. However, the differential level and
behavior in new firm formation over the period as between
New England, the Middle East, Central, and Northwest
regions on the one hand, and the Far West, Southwest, and
Southeast, on the other, suggest fundamental differences
in the economic forces at work in the two groups of regions.
It will be recalled first of all that throughout the period
entrance rates in the South and Far West were considerably
above those in the rest of the country, especially in 1944 and
1945. It will be further recalled that there was a sharp
increase in business births between 1944 and 1946 followed
by a pronounced drop in 1947 for the more slowly growing
regions, and a corresponding moderate increase and moderate
drop in births for the others.
It was the undercurrent of strong upward secular forces,
accentuated during the war—in the form of industrialization
and the growth of income—which dominated the behavior of
new business formation in the South and the Far West and
which accounted for the much higher levels in their entrance
rates. The heavy increase in the human population was an
additional expansionary element in the case of the Far West.
The strength of these long-term forces, in contrast, was
considerably less in the other sections of the country. The
effect of the war program on the business population was
relatively severe in the Eastern and Central regions and a
much larger part of the increase in the number of operating
firms here was probably an adjustment of the "deficits" in
the business population brought on by the war.
It would also appear that the wartime accentuation of these
long-term trends in the South and Far West had diminished
considerably by the beginning of 1949, at least in their
effect on the business population. This is suggested by the
sharper than average drop in entrances in the Far West and
Southeast between 1947 and 1948, and the fact that entrance
.2
.3
.4
.5 .6 .7 .8 .9 I
2
3
4
5
6 7 8 9 10
20
3O
TOTAL INCOME PAYMENTS, 1948 (RATIO SCALE - BILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
U.S. DEPARTMENT
OF COMMERCE,
OFFICE OF BUSINESS' ECONOMICS
49-36?
1
Income payments for D. C., Md., N. J., N. Y., and Va. are on a residence basis. See
table 9, footnote 2, p. 17, August 1949 SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS.
Source of data: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
Although the business population is highly correlated with
income payments by state, there are a few instances in which
the relationship does not hold too well. There is no single
factor, however, which can account for these exceptional
cases. The highest positive deviation is found in the case of
Florida, where the number of firms in operation, especially
in the first quarter of the year, could be expected to be unusually high because of the extent to which this state caters:
to vacationists. The number of firms in operation is lower
than would be expected on the basis of income payments
alone in the District of Columbia—a result which is related
in large part to the fact that an unusually high percentage
of income here is derived from the Government and that
this is a small urban area. It is of interest to note that the
degree of correspondence is not so close if the state data are
plotted for 1944, when dislocations caused by the war were
in full effect.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
14
Little variation in regional industry patterns
A break-down of the business population into major industries shows a fair degree of uniformity from region to
region in the proportion of firms in each industry. For the
country as a whole the proportion of firms in retail trade is
In the neighborhood of 43 percent, approximately 22 percent
is in service industries, about 8 percent each in construction,
finance, and manufacturing, while the rest is distributed in
roughly equal parts between wholesale trade and transportation.
As table 5 shows and as might be expected, retail trade is
the most uniform of the industry divisions, varying from a
low of 39 percent in the Middle East to a high of 46 percent
in the Northwest. It is interesting to note that the proportion of retail firms tends to be lowest in those regions where,
subject to the qualification noted below, the proportion of
firms in manufacturing is relatively high—the Middle East,
for example—and conversely, is highest where the proportion of manufacturing firms is relatively low—the Southeast,
Northwest, and Southwest. Apparently in areas which are
not highly industrialized, and where agriculture is important,
opportunities in nonagricultural business are limited to retailing to a somewhat greater extent than in other areas.
Table 5.—Percent Distribution of Number of Firms in Operation
Within Each Region, by Major Industry Divisions, 1948 1
Regions
Continental United
States
New England
Middle East
Southeast _ Southwest
Central
Northwest _
Far West
Mining
All
indus- and
tries quarrying
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100.00
100. 00
.87
.10
.94
.92
2.52
.51
1.54
.55
TransportaFi
tion,
Connance,
tract Man- muni- Whole- Retail insur- ice
con- ufacsale
ance,
trade trade and indusstruc- turing cation,
and
tries
tion
real
estate
public
utilities
7.87
9.44
7.40
6.58
8.19
7.82
7.40
9.84
8.30
10.48
9.85
9.02
4.77
7.33
4.83
8.82
4.70
5.04
4.70
4.28
4.17
4.94
5.58
4.43
5.08
4.48
6.08
4.67
4.78
4.78
5.09
4.62
42.96
42. 93
39.25
45.56
43.94
44.99
46.22
40: 89
8.72
7.07
11.77
6.23
6.04
9.40
7.00
7.07
21.50
20.46
20.01
22.74
25.59
20.22
22.35
23. 79
1
Based on data in tables 1, 7, and 8. All computations were made from unrounded figures.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
Services show only slightly more variability than retail
trade, followed by wholesale trade, transportation and construction. Mining and quarrying, on the other hand, exhibits the greatest relative variability, being dependent, of
course, on the location of natural resources; this major division represents only 0.1 percent of the total number of firms
in operation in New England but as much as 2.5 percent of
the total in the Southwest. Finance, insurance, and real
estate represent a substantially higher than average proportion of the total firms in operation in the Middle East,
because of the concentration of such firms in New York,
while the highest proportion of construction firms is found in
the Far West. The latter region has accounted for an unusually high proportion of the total new construction put in
place in the postwar period, particularly in the residential
field, where the small contractor is important.
The proportion of total firms in the manufacturing division
by regions shows somewhat surprising results. New England
is the region with the highest proportion of all firms in manufacturing, the Southeast is well above average, and the Central States are below average. Substantial numbers of very
small lumber manufacturers are located in these first two
regions, and the pattern shown for manufacturing can be
traced to the influence of the lumber group. When the lumber group is excluded from the total number of firms in
operation and from the manufacturing division, the Middle
East becomes the region with the highest proportion of total
firms in manufacturing. New England is second, followed
December 1949
by the Central States, the Far West, the Southeast, the
Northwest, and the Southwest. With the exclusion of lumber firms, the Central States become about average, and the
Southeast falls well below average.
Relative proportions in major industries
In table 6 are presented 1948 percentage distributions, by
state, of the total business population and of each of the
major industry divisions. Also shown for comparative purposes are distributions of the human population and of total
income payments. The table brings out the close correspondence between relative shares of income and total firms
by state, which was also demonstrated in chart 3. This
relationship with income also holds well for the major industry divisions, though it is relatively better in the case of
retail trade, transportation, and services than for the other
industry divisions.
Table 6.—Percent Distribution of Number of Firms in Operation
Within Each Major Industry, by States and Regions, 1948 l
State and region
Continental United
States
New England
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire. Rhode Island
Vermont
Middle East
Delaware.. _
District of Columbia.- _ _.
Maryland
New Jersey
New York ._
Pennsylvania
West Virginia
Southeast
Alabama
ArkansasFlorida
Georgia
Kentucky
Louisiana
Mississippi
North Carolina...
South Carolina
Tennessee
Virginia
Southwest
Arizona
New Mexico _
Oklahoma
Texas
Central
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri
Ohio —
__ _
Wisconsin
_
Northwest
Colorado
Idaho
Kansas
__ _
Montana
_ _
Nebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota
Utah
Wyoming
Far West
California
Nevada
Oregon
Washington
Transportation,
All Con- Man- com- Whole- Rein- tract ufac- muni- sale
tail
dus- con- tur- cation, trade trade
tries struc- ing
and
tion
other
public
utilities
100. 00 100. 00 100. 00
6.91 8.29 8.72
1.46 2.18 1.40
.74
.70 1.56
3.44 3.88 3.87
.44
.66
.57
.55
.81
.65
.43
.28
.31
25.90 24.34 30.71
.23
.17
.29
.58
1.27
3.61
13.07
6.18
.96
15.23
1.33
1.00
2.09
1.62
1.33
1.23
.81
1.78
.88
1.50
1.66
7.44
.48
.40
1.38
5.17
27.36
6.75
2.50
1.92
4.00
2.01
2.77
4.91
2.50
5.58
.92
.39
1.43
.46
.97
.37
.44
.39
.21
11.61
8.54
.15
1.21
1.71
.56
1.56
4.58
9.83
6.86
.69
12.73
.81
.64
2.54
1.15
1.11
1.02
.50
1.39
.61
1.15
1.79
7.73
.75
.42
1.19
5.38
27.17
5.88
2.45
1.84
4.46
2.04
2.32
5.31
2.85
5.24
1.00
.42
1.17
.40
.93
.24
.38
.48
.22
14.50
11.08
.20
1.32
1.90
.18
1.03
3.84
18.48
6.11
.90
16.66
1.64
1.11
1.58
2.06
.97
1.47
1.14
2.66
.94
1.44
1.64
4.15
.22
.21
.67
3.05
24.16
6.04
1.96
1.09
3.99
1.91
2.20
4.31
2.65
3.25
.64
.33
.73
.35
.48
.14
.20
.25
.12
12.32
7.83
.05
2.24
2.20
Finance,
insurance
and
real
estate
Service
industries
Hu- Total
man
inpop- come
ula- pay- 2
tion ments
100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00
7.40
5.61 6.57 6.27
6.09 6.90
6.68
1.14
1.01 1.51
1.20 1.45 1.36
1.64
.72
1.09
.48
.43
.63
.61
.53
3.70
3.71 3.40
3.17 3.33 3.17
3.40
.43
.60
.22
.28
.41
.36
.32
.43
.57
.51
.38 ..50
.51
.57
.28
.14
.45
.16
.26
.25
.22
25.85 31.01 23.65 34.95 24.09 23.75 27.75
.23
.24
.32
15
.20
.21
.25
.32
1.60
3.76
11. 93
6.63
1.37
13.86
1.26
.80
1.53
1.24
1.49
1.29
.62
1.73
.71
1.20
2.00
6.59
.34
.37
1.24
4.64
28.75
6.67
2.61
3.12
3.41
2.47
2.94
4.63
2.89
6.62
.91
.49
1.82
.46
1.24
.44
.66
.29
.30
10.93
7.12
.15
1.74
1.93
.47
1.25
2.74
19.52
6.22
.66
14.02
1.19
.83
1.97
1.67
1.12
1.29
.74
1.73
.73
1.42
1.34
6.99
.40
.20
1.34
4.96
25.73
6.85
2.00
1.85
3.43
2.06
2.97
4.49
2.07
5.59
.95
.33
1.33
.38
1.05
.55
.48
.37
.15
10.57
8.00
.10
.95
1.51
.48
1.29
3.66
10.84
6.19
.96
16.15
1.43
1.14
2.04
1.71
1.41
1.34
.95
1.79
1.03
1.65
1.66
7.61
.47
.42
1.43
5.29
28.65
6.34
2.83
2.19
4.37
2.14
2.86
5.22
2.69
6.00
.88
.41
1.58
.50
1.08
.44
.51
.39
.22
11.04
8.15
.14
1.09
1.66
1.19
1.09
3.95
22.88
4.84
.69
10.89
.92
.59
1.97
1.15
.92
.91
.39
1.08
.53
1.08
1.36
5.15
.32
.23
1.01
3.60
29.50
12.17
2.01
1.47
2.92
1.69
3.17
4.06
2.00
4.48
.92
.25
1.06
.36
.85
.27
.30
.33
.14
9.41
7.15
.09
.82
1.35
.79
1.27
3.22
11.77
5.97
.86
16.11
1.41
1.03
2.49
1.73
1.34
1.23
.77
1.98
.88
1.57
1.68
8.85
.63
.51
1.59
6.12
25.73
6.08
2.37
1.71
3.88
1.84
2.78
4.85
2.23
5.80
1.05
.40
1.47
.46
.93
.36
.45
.43
.25
12.84
9.78
.21
1.15
1.71
.59
1.47
3.26
9.74
7.17
1.31
20.54
1.99
1.33
1.66
2.17
1.95
1.77
1.45
2.60
1.36
2.18
2.09
7.49
.48
.39
1.57
5.04
26.73
5.71
2.68
1.79
4.25
2.01
2.66
5.37
2.26
5.22
.82
.40
1.30
.35
.88
.40
.42
.46
.20
10.01
7.09
.11
1.12
1.69
.91
1.62
3.71
13.06
7.34
1.05
13.94
1.25
.81
1.34
1.49
1.26
1.26
.78
1.71
.83
1.47
1.72
6.13
.40
.31
1.15
4.27
29.09
7.36
2.67
1.89
4.48
1.93
2.56
5.89
2.31
5.24
.83
.36
1.19
.44
.92
.42
.47
.40
.21
11.21
8.30
.13
1.04
1.74
1 Based on data in tables 1, 7, and 8. All computations were made from unrounded figures.
2 In the case of the District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York and Virginia
the income payments figures have been adjusted to a residence basis, as noted in footnote 2
to table 9 of "State Income Payments in 1948," SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS, August 1949,
p. 17.
Source: All data except human population: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of
Business Economics; human population; Bureau of the Census.
SURVEY OF CUKKENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Somewhat over half (53.3 percent) the number of firms in
operation in 1948 were in the Middle East and Central
regions which had a somewhat smaller proportion of the
population (50.5 percent) and a larger share of total income
payments (56.9 percent).
The table makes clear the relatively high proportion of
construction firms in the Far West and the relatively low
proportion of such firms in the Southeast. California, for
example, had over 11 percent of all firms in contract construction, the highest state percentage, though its total business
population was only 8.5 percent of the national total. In
finance, insurance and real estate, the Middle East had
almost 35 percent of all the firms though its proportion of
all firms was less than 26 percent. In wholesaling, too, the
concentration of firms in the Middle East, particularly
New York, is readily apparent.
15
Minor industry breakdowns
In table 8 the number of firms in operation as of March 31,
1948 is shown in more industry detail for the manufacturing
and retail trade divisions and separately for mining and
quarrying, transportation, communication and other public
utilities, and finance, insurance and real estate. Although
data on minor industries are not shown for the earlier years,
regional shifts in the minor industries were generally in line
with the major industry changes. Specialized industrial
concentrations are apparent in this table, particularly the
concentration of textile, apparel and leather firms in New
York, and the location of a high proportion of durable goods
and other metal working firms in the Central States.
Table 7.—Number of Firms in Operation March 31, by Major Industry Divisions, and by States and Regions, 1944-49
[Thousands]
Manufacturing
Contract construction
Wholesale trade
State and region
Continental United States
New England
Connecticut __ _
MaineMassachusetts
New Hampshire
Khode Island
Vermont
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948 P
1949 v
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948 P
1949 P
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948 *
149.1
168.4
228.6
280.5
312.4
323.4
242.0
258.9
291.0
330.6
329.3
308.1
143.1
156.9
176.1
194.4
201.4
202.4
23.0
3.7
4.2
10.3
1.7
1.9
1.3
25.9
4.3
4.5
11.2
1,9
2.5
1.4
29.5
4.9
5.3
12.9
2.2
2.7
1.5
28.7
4.6
5.1
12.7
2.2
2.7
1.4
27.1
4.2
5.2
11.7
1.9
2.5
1.5
9.5
1.4
1.0
5.8
.3
.8
.2
10.2
1.6
1.0
6.2
.4
.8
.2
10.8
1.8
.9
6.5
.4
1.0
.3
12.0
2.0
1.0
7.3
.4
1.0
.3
12.3
2.0
1.0
7.5
.5
1.0
.3
12.3
2.1
1.0
7.5
.4
1.0
.3
1949 P
14.0
3.7
1.1
6.9
.9
1.0
.4
15.1
4.0
1.2
7.3
.9
1.1
.5
19.9
5.4
1.6
9.2
1.3
1.6
.7
24.7
6.6
2.1
11.5
1.7
1.9
.9
25.9
6.8
2.2
12.1
1.8
2.0
1.0
26.1
6.8
2.3
12.1
1.8
21
1.0
22.0
3.6
4.0
9.9
1.6
17
1.2
Middle East ._
Delaware
District of Columbia
Maryland
New Jersey.
New York
Pennsylvania
West Virginia
Southeast.
Alabama
Arkansas—
Florida
Georgia. _
Kentucky
Louisiana
Mississippi
North Carolina- _
South Carolina
TennesseeVirginia
Southwest.
Arizona
New Mexico
Oklahoma _
Texas _.
44.1
.5
1.1
2.6
8.9
18.4
11.7
1.0
46.6
.5
1.2
2.7
9.1
19.6
12.3
1.1
60.5
.7
1.4
3.6
12.0
25 3
16.1
1.5
71.9
.8
1.6
4.6
13.9
29.7
19.5
1.9
76.0
.9
1.6
4.9
14.3
30.7
21.4
2.2
79.7
1.0
1.6
5.0
14.7
32.5
22.3
2.5
79.8
.5
.5
2.8
10.1
47.9
15.7
2.1
83.8
.5
.5
2.9
10.2
50.8
16.5
2.4
94.6
.5
.6
3.1
11.4
58.4
17.9
2.7
104.3
.5
.6
3.4
12.9
63.5
20.3
3.1
101.2
.6
.6
3.4
12.7
60.9
20.1
3.0
95.0
.5
.6
3.1
12.1
56.4
19.2
3.1
46.8
.2
.7
2.1
4.0
29.4
9.5
.9
50.6
.2
.8
2.1
4.4
32.2
10.0
1.0
56.2
.3
.8
2.3
4.8
36.0
10.8
1.1
62.1
.3
.9
2.5
5.4
39.9
11.9
1.2
62.5
.3
.9
2.5
5.5
39 3
12^5
1.3
62.4
.3
1.0
2.5
5.6
39.1
12.5
1.4
14.6
1.0
.6
2.2
1.4
1.4
1.1
.5
1.7
.8
1.5
2.5
17.7
1.2
.8
30
1.6
1.6
1.5
,7
2.0
.9
1.8
2.8
25.3
1.7
1.2
4.5
2.4
2.3
2.2
1.0
2.7
1.2
2.4
3.7
33.1
2.2
1.6
6.2
3.2
2.8
2.8
1.4
3.7
1.6
3.0
4.7
39.8
2.5
2 0
7.9
3.6
3.5
3.2
1.6
4.3
1.9
3.6
5.6
41.6
2.5
2.0
8.0
3.8
4.0
3.2
1.7
4.6
2.0
3.9
5.9
35.9
3.8
2.0
2.8
4.5
2.5
2.4
2.5
5.8
2.1
3.3
4.3
40.4
4.0
2.3
3.6
5.1
2.6
2.6
3.0
6.3
2.5
3.8
4.7
44.8
4.3
2.8
4.2
5.8
2.8
3.1
3.2
6.9
2.6
4.3
4.9
53.2
5.3
3.7
4.9
6.8
3.3
3.5
3.9
8.2
3.0
5.0
5.7
54.9
5.4
3.7
5.2
' 6.8
3.2
4.8
3.8
8.8
3.1
4.8
5.4
51.8
5.2
3.2
5.0
6 6
3.2
3.2
3.6
8.2
3.2
4.8
5.6
17.2
1.4
.9
2.0
2.0
1.6
1.6
.9
2.2
.9
1.9
1.8
19.5
1.6
1.0
2.5
2.3
1.7
1.8
1.0
2.4
1.1
2.1
2.1
22.9
1.9
1.2
3.0
2.7
1.9
2.1
1.2
2.8
1.3
2.4
2.2
26.1
2. 2
1.4
3.5
3.1
2.1
2.4
1.3
3.3
1.4
2.7
2 5
28.2
2.4
1.7
4.0
3.4
2.3
2.6
1.5
3.5
1.5
2.9
2.7
28.8
2.4
1.6
4.0
3.5
2.3
2.6
1.5
3.6
1.5
3.0
2.7
7.7
.3
.4
1.4
5.6
11.4
.8
.6
1.9
8.2
16.4
1.4
.8
2.6
11.5
20.7
1.9
1.2
3.2
14.4
24.2
2.3
1.3
3.7
16.8
25.3
2.3
1.3
3.9
17.8
8.9
.3
.4
1.7
6.4
10.2
.5
.5
1.8
7.4
11.8
.6
.6
2.0
8.5
13.9
.7
.7
2.3
10.3
13.7
.7
.7
2.2
10.0
13.1
.7
.6
2.1
9.7
8.4
.4
.3
1.8
5.9
10.0
.5
.4
2.0
7.2
11.8
.6
.5
2.3
8.4
13.1
.7
.6
2.5
9.3
14.1
.8
.6
2.7
10.0
14.2
.8
.6
2.6
10.2
Central.
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Michigan
Minnesota.
MissouriOhio
Wisconsin
47.2
12.2
3.7
3.1
7.7
3.0
34.1
8.6
4.7
50.4
12.8
4.2
3.2
7.6
3.5
4.5
9.5
5.1
66.7
15.7
5.7
4.2
10.6
4.6
5.8
13.3
6.8
77.0
17.1
6.7
5.1
12.5
5.7
6.8
15.0
8.1
84.9
18.4
7.7
5.7
13.9
6.4
7.3
16.6
8.9
87.9
18.9
8.2
5.8
14.2
7.0
7.3
17.4
9.1
64.7
16.4
4.9
3.3
10.4
5.2
6.0
11.6
7.1
67.5
17.0
5.2
3.3
10.6
5.5
6.2
12.1
7.5
74.3
18.7
5.9
3.5
11.8
6.0
6.9
13.0
8.5
81.8
20.4
6.6
3.6
13.4
6.5
7.5
14.9
8.8
79.6
19.9
6.4
3.6
13.1
6.3
7.3
14.2
8.7
74.6
18.7
6.0
3.3
11.7
6.0
6.8
13.8
8.3
40.7
11.0
3.2
3.2
5.3
3.2
4.8
6.9
3.1
43.4
11.8
3.4
3.3
5.5
3.4
5.1
7.4
3.4
47.5
13.0
3.7
3.5
6.2
3.7
5.4
8.2
3.7
50.8
13.7
3.9
3.7
6.7
4.1
5.8
8.9
4.0
51.8
13.8
4.0
3.7
6.9
4.2
6.0
9.0
4.2
52.2
13.9
4.0
3.7
7.0
4.2
6.0
9.2
4.2
6.7
1.3
.2
1.6
.5
1.4
.3
.5
.7
.3
7.7
1.4
.4
1.8
.6
1.4
.4
.6
.7
.3
11.2
2.1
.8
2.5
.8
2.0
.5
.8
1.0
.5
14.5
2.9
1.1
3.2
1.1
2.5
.7
1.0
1.4
.6
16.4
3.1
1.3
3.7
1.2
2.9
.7
1.2
1.5
.7
17.3
3.1
1.4
4.0
1.3
3.0
.8
1.4
1.5
.7
7.9
1.4
.6
1.8
.7
1.3
.4
.6
.6
.3
8.3
1.5
.7
1.9
.8
1.4
.4
.6
.6
.3
9.4
1.8
.9
2.2
.9
1.5
.4
.7
.7
.3
10.7
2.1
1.0
2.4
1.1
1.6
.5
.7
.9
.4
10.7
2.1
1.1
2.4
1.1
1.6
.5
.7
.8
.4
10.0
1.9
1.1
2.3
1.0
1.4
.4
.6
.8
.4
8.9
1.2
.4
2.3
.6
1.8
1.1
.8
.5
.2
9.4
1.4
.4
2.3
.6
1.9
1.1
.9
.5
.2
10.2
1.6
.5
2.5
.7
2.0
1.1
.9
.6
.2
11.0
1.8
.6
2.7
.7
2.1
1.1
.9
.7
.3
11.3
1.9
.7
2.7
.8
2.1
1.1
1.0
.8
.3
11.2
1.9
.6
2.7
.8
2.1
1.1
1.0
.8
.3
14.9
11.4
.2
1.3
2.0
19.5
14.5
.3
1.7
2.9
28.5
20.9
.4
2.8
4.4
38.8
28.6
.6
3.8
5.7
45.3
34.6
.6
4.1
5.9
45.6
34.8
.7
4.3
5.9
22.8
14.8
.1
4.0
4.0
25.7
16.8
.1
4.3
4.4
30.2
19.7
.2
5.0
5.4
37.2
23.3
.2
7.0
6.8
40.6
25.8
.2
7.4
7.2
36.6
22.5
.1
7.1
6.9
11.5
8.6
.1
1.1
1.7
13.8
10.4
.1
1.2
2.0
16.7
12.6
.2
1.5
2.5
19.2
14.4
.2
1.8
2.8
21.3
16.1
.2
1.9
3.0
21.2
16.0
.2
2.0
3.0
__
__ __
_
_ _ _
_
_ __
_ _
_
Northwest
_
Colorado
Idaho
Kansas
MontanaNebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota
_
Utah
__ —
Wyoming
Far West
California
Nevada _ __
Oregon
Washington
See footnotes at end of table.
SUKVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
16
December 1949
Table 7.—Number of Firms in Operation March 31, by Major Industry Divisions, and by States and Regions, 1944-49—Continued
[Thousands]
Retail trade
All other industries1
Service industries
State and region
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948 *
1949 P
1,379.8 1,443.8 1,540.6 1,656. 6 1,704.2 1,684.7
1944
1945
1946
194T
1948 P
1949 v
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948 P
1949 P
647.6
698.8
755.8
821.5
852.8
849.0
460.6
492.3
523.8
556.1
566.7
567.7
New England
Connecticut
MaineMassachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
100.0
22.0
10.8
48.4
6.4
8.5
3.9
103. 4
22.6
11.0
50.6
6.4
8.9
4.0
108.4
24.7
11.4
51.5
6.9
9.4
4.4
117.2
26.3
12.3
57.1
7.4
9.6
4.6
117.7
25.7
12.2
57.9
7.4
9.7
4.7
116.4
25.2
12.1
57.4
7.1
9.8
4.7
44.7
9 3
4^4
22.8
2.8
3.4
2.0
46.3
9.8
4.5
23.6
2.9
3.5
2.0
49.8
11.2
4.9
24.4
3.2
3.9
2.2
56.0
12.4
5.5
28.2
3.6
4.1
2.2
56.1
12.3
5.4
28.4
3.5
4.2
2.3
54.7
12.1
5.3
27.5
3.4
4.2
2.2
27.1
5.6
2.6
14.5
1.7
1.7
1.1
28.5
5.8
2.7
15.1
1.9
1.9
1.2
30.6
6.3
3.2
15.9
2.0
2.0
1.3
33.4
6.5
3.3
17.9
2.2
2.2
1.4
33.5
6.3
3.6
18.0
2.1
2.1
1.3
33.1
6.4
3.6
17.5
2.1
2.2
1.4
Middle East
Delaware .
District of Columbia
Maryland
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania _
West Virginia
338.1
3.6
7.4
18.5
53.4
155.3
87.5
12.6
349.0
3.6
7.5
19.0
54.1
161.0
90.3
13.4
371.6
3.8
7.7
20.1
58.0
172.0
95.7
14.2
398.2
3.8
8.1
21.3
62.2
184.2
103.0
15.6
403.0
3.9
8.1
22.0
62.3
184.8
105.5
16.4
406.8
4.1
7.8
21.8
62.3
188.9
105.2
16.8
164.9
1.5
6.5
8.9
22.1
82.0
38.3
5.7
173.2
1.5
6.8
9.3
22.8
86.3
40.2
6.2
185.2
1.4
6.8
9.9
24.9
91.9
43.6
6.6
199.4
1.7
7.0
10.8
27.3
98.1
47.6
7.1
205.4
1.7
6.8
10.8
27.5
100.3
50.9
7.4
206.9
1.7
6.6
10.6
27.3
101.9
51.1
7.6
157.8
1.4
163.5
1.5
171.2
1.6
179.1
1.6
178.7
1.5
179.8
1.5
5.6
18.2
92.9
30.2
5.2
5.8
18.9
95.3
31.5
6.3
6.2
20.0
99.9
32.6
6.6
6.9
21.0
103.7
34.1
7.1
6.9
20.8
102.3
34.7
7.7
6.9
20.8
102.4
35.1
8.4
Southeast
Alabama
Arkansas
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
Louisiana
Mississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee
Virginia _ _
207.9
18.2
14.1
22.4
22.2
18.3
17.5
12.8
23.9
13.9
22.9
21.7
222.2
19.1
15.0
24.8
23.9
19.1
19.2
13.6
25.5
14.7
24.4
23.0
233.6
20.0
15.8
27.8
24.6
20.4
20.1
14.5
25.5
15.3
25.1
24.5
257.6
22.4
17.3
31.3
27.9
22.2
21.7
15.3
28.9
16.7
27.1
26.6
275.2
24.3
19.4
34.8
29.2
24.0
22.8
16.2
30.5
17.5
28.1
28.4
274.2
23.7
18.7
34.6
29.5
24.3
22.0
16.2
30.8
17.8
28.1
28.7
99.7
8.5
6.1
12.9
11.0
8.7
7.2
4.8
12.5
5.8
10.5
11.6
109.8
9.4
6.8
14.4
12.3
9.3
8.1
5.4
13.6
6.3
11.7
12.5
115.9
9.7
7.1
16.4
12.8
9.9
8.7
5.8
14.0
6.7
12.1
12.7
128.2
11.2
7.8
18.7
14.2
10.9
9.8
6.2
15.9
7. 1
12.9
13.5
137.4
12.0
8.8
21.2
14.8
11.4
10.5
6.6
16.9
7.5
13.4
14.3
137.4
11.5
8.4
21.0
14.9
11.6
10.4
6.7
17.2
7.7
13.6
14.4
47.3
4.1
2.5
5.8
4.6
5.4
3.8
1.8
4.8
2.4
5.1
6.8
53.1
4.5
2.9
6.8
5.0
6.1
4.5
2.1
5.3
2.6
5.8
7.4
57.9
5.0
3.1
7.7
5.5
6.5
5.0
2.4
5.7
2.8
6.1
7.9
64.1
5.5
3.5
8.8
6.1
7.4
5.7
2.6
6.6
3.1
6.3
8.4
69.1
6.1
3.8
9.7
6.4
8.5
6.1
2.6
7.1
3.2
6.5
9.1
70.6
6.2
3.8
9.8
6.5
8.9
6.1
2.6
7.3
3.3
6.6
9;5
96.5
5.6
5.1
18.4
67.4
106.4
5.9
5.5
20.0
75.0
114.9
6.4
6.1
22.1
80.3
123.2
7.4
6.7
23.4
85.8
129.6
8.0
7.1
24.4
90.1
127.1
7.8
6.9
23.2
89.1
'52.8
3.4
3.0
9.9
36.5
61.3
3.7
3.1
11.1
43.4
66.3
4.1
3.6
12.1
46.5
71.3
4.8
4.0
12.9
49.6
75.5
5.4
4.4
13.5
52.2
74.1
5.2
4.2
13.2
51.6
25.8
1.2
1.2
6.4
17.1
30.5
1.4
1.4
6.8
20.9
33.7
1.6
1.5
7.4
23.2
35.9
1.8
1.7
7.8
24.6
37.5
1.9
1.8
8.0
25.9
37.9
1.9
1.8
7.9
26.3
423.9
97.4
41.1
31.2
63.8
32.3
43.5
75.9
38.6
436.5
100.9
43.0
32.1
64.0
32.9
45.2
78. 7
39.6
461.8
106.7
45.0
34.3
69.1
34.4
46.4
83.1
42.8
485.2
108.7
47.3
36.7
74.2
36.4
47.7
88.7
45.4
488.2
108.0
48.3
37.3
74.5
36.5
48.7
88.9
45.9
479.3
106.2
47. 1
35.8
73.2
35.6
47.4
89.1
44.9
177.8
44.9
16.0
11.8
26.0
12.6
20.9
30.8
14.8
187.4
47.0
17.3
12.3
26.7
13.3
21.9
33.7
15.4
202.3
49.9
18.6
13.5
29.4
14.3
22.8
36.7
17.1
216.3
51.2
19.7
14.6
32.4
15.8
23.8
40.4
18.2
219.4
51.8
20.2
14.6
33.1
15.7
23.7
41.4
19.0
220.8
51.6
20.2
14.2
33.9
15.3
23.0
43.3
19.3
139.5
53.6
10.2
9.0
13.1
8.7
15.2
20.1
9.6
146.2
54.4
10.9
9.8
13.5
9.5
16.0
21.4
10.6
153.9
56.2
11.7
10.5
15.0
9.9
16.3
22.8
11.6
160.4
56.6
12.4
11.2
16.2
10.5
16.8
24.4
12.2
161.2
55.8
12.4
11.2
16.9
10.6
17.1
24.7
12.5
160.4
55.1
12.4
11.1
16.9
10.5
6.9
25.2
12.4
83.9
12.0
5.4
22.0
7.0
15.8
6.4
7.5
5.0
2.8
86.6
12.4
5.5
23.2
7.3
16.0
6.6
7.7
5.0
2.9
94.4
13.8
6.2
25.2
7.8
17.5
6.8
8.0
5.6
3.4
101.2
15.0
6.9
26.5
8.4
18.6
7.3
8.4
6.5
3.7
102.3
14.9
7.0
26.9
8.5
18.4
7.4
8.7
6.7
3.7
99.3
14.2
6.7
26.4
8.3
17.8
7.3
8.5
6.6
3.5
37.9
6.9
2.5
9.1
3.3
6.4
2.5
3.0
2.6
1.6
39.7
7.1
2.7
9.8
3.4
6.6
2.7
3.2
2.7
1.6
44.5
8.0
3.1
11.3
3.7
7.2
2.8
3.4
3.1
1.9
48.7
8.7
3.6
12.3
3.9
7.9
3.2
3.7
3.5
2.0
49.5
9.0
3.4
12.5
3.9
7.9
3.1
3.8
3.7
2.1
48.3
8.6
3.2
12.3
3.9
7.8
2.9
3.7
3.6
2.1
25.2
4.4
1.5
6.6
2.4
4.3
1.6
1.8
1.7
.9
27.0
4.8
1.6
7.0
2.5
4.6
1.7
2.0
1.7
1.1
28.9
5.1
1.7
7.7
2.5
5.0
1.8
2.1
1.8
1.2
30.9
5.5
2.0
8.2
2.6
5.4
1.9
2.2
1.9
1.3
31.2
5.5
1.9
8.5
2.6
5.4
1.8
2.3
1.9
1.2
31.2
5.4
1.9
8.6
2.6
5.3
1.8
2.4
2.0
1.3
129.4
93.1
1.7
14.3
20.3
139.7
101.5
1.7
14.7
21.8
156.0
112.4
2.0
16.4
25.1
174.0
126.9
2.3
17.6
27.2
188.2
138.9
2.4
18.5
28.4
181.7
134.7
2.3
17.5
27.1
69.7
52.0
1.2
6.9
9.6
81.0
60.8
1.3
7.5
11.4
91.8
68.3
1.5
8.8
13.2
101.6
76.2
1.6
9.6
14.2
109.5
83.4
1.8
9.8
14.5
106.9
81.9
1.7
9.1
14.2
37.9
26.8
.6
4.2
6.4
43.6
31.3
.6
4.6
7.0
47.5
34.2
.6
5.0
7.7
52.3
37.5
.7
5.8
8.3
55.5
39.9
.8
6.2
8.5
54.6
39.3
.7
6.3
8.3
Continental United States
-
Southwest
Arizona _
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Texas
Central
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri _
Ohio
Wisconsin
_ ..
_
Northwest
Colorado
Idaho _
Kansas
Montana
Nebraska
North Dakota - South Dakota
Utah _ _ _
_
Wyoming
Far West
California.
Nevada
Oregon _
Washington
_
_
1
Includes mining and quarrying; transportation, communication and other public utilities; ind finance, insurance and real estate.
P Preliminary.
NOTE.—Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of rounding.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
17
Table 8.—Number of Firms in Operation March 31, by Selected Major and Minor Industry Divisions, and by States and Regions, 1948
[Thousands]
Transportation,
comTexLum- Print- Metals Other muniand manu- cation
tiles, ber and
and metal
apparel lumber ing
Total
and
facpuband
prod- turing
prod- lishing
other
leather ucts
ucts
public
utilities
Manufacturing
Mining
and
quarrying
Total
State and region
Continental United States
New England
Connecticut
Maine. _ _
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
_
_-
Southeast
Alabama
Arkansas. _ _
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
Louisiana
_
Mississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee
Virginia _
Southwest
Arizona
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Texas
__
_
_
Central
_ _ _
Illinois
Indiana- _ __ _
Iowa
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri
Ohio
Wisconsin
_
_ _ _ _ _
_ __
Northwest
Colorado
Idaho
Kansas
_ __
Montana
_ __ __
Nebraska
North Dakota___
South Dakota
Utah
_
Wyoming
__ _
Far West
California
Nevada
Oregon
Washington. _
_
__ _
__
__ __
3
Eating
Apparel Autoand Filling
staand motive drinking
tions
accessplaces
ories
Other
retail
trade
329.3
36.1
50.2
84.4
45.5
58.6
54.5
78.8
492.8
95.4
77.9
324.9
229.3
405.1
345.8
28.7
4.6
5.1
12.7
2.2
2.7
1.4
2.0
.4
.3
1.1
.1
.2
.1
5.1
.6
.2
3.3
.3
.6
.1
8.2
.5
4.0
1.4
1.3
.1
.9
3.1
.5
.2
1.8
.1
.2
.1
5.5
1.8
.3
2.7
.2
.6
.1
4.8
.9
.2
2.4
.2
1.0
.2
13.8
2.1
2.0
6.9
1.1
.8
.8
117.7
25.7
12.2
57.9
7.4
9.7
4.7
5.3
.8
.9
2.2
.5
.4
.4
37.7
7.9
4.2
19.0
2.3
2.9
1.4
8.2
1.9
.7
4.3
.5
.6
.3
4.7
1.2
.5
2.0
.3
.4
.2
18.1
4.6
1.2
9.0
.9
2.0
.5
14.5
3.3
1.7
6.6
1.0
1.2
.6
29.1
6.0
2.9
14.7
1.9
2.3
1.3
19.4
4.1
1.6
11.0
1.0
1.3
.5
7.1
.1
.1
.6
.8
3.0
2.3
.3
32.5
.1
0)
.5
3.7
24.3
4.0
(0
11.9
.1
.2
.1
1.0
5.6
2.8
101.2
.6
.6
3.4
12.7
60.9
20.1
3.0
.7
.9
4.7
3.7
1.8
13.2
.1
.3
.5
1.4
7.9
2.8
.3
16.5
.1
.1
.6
3.1
8.6
3.8
.2
19.9
.1
.1
.6
2.8
12.4
3.6
.3
48.2
.4
.6
3.0
7.0
22.3
12.4
2.6
403.0
3.9
8.1
22.0
62.3
184.8
105. 5
16.4
13.6
.2
.1
1.0
1.7
5.4
3.8
1.4
130.6
1.2
3.0
7.0
19.3
63.8
31.6
4.9
31.6
.2
.7
1.3
4.4
16.7
7.4
.8
13.8
.2
.2
.9
2.1
5.1
4.5
.9
80.2
.7
1.4
4.5
13.6
35.9
21.1
3.0
39.3
.6
.8
2.6
7.5
14.0
11.8
2.1
93.9
1.0
1.8
4.8
13.8
43.9
25.4
3.2
120.8
1.1
4.1
3.8
13.6
79.1
16.8
2.4
5.5
.6
.3
.1
.1
2.5
.5
.1
.1
0)
.5
.7
54.5
5.6
3.8
5.4
7.0
3.3
3.7
3.9
8.3
3.2
4.9
5.6
6.4
.5
.5
.7
.7
.5
.7
.4
.8
.3
.7
.6
3.5
.2
0)
.2
.7
.1
.1
.1
1.2
.3
.3
.2
30.6
3.7
2.5
2.0
3.9
1.5
1.7
2.8
4.7
1.9
2.4
3.4
5.1
.4
.3
.7
.6
.4
.4
.3
.6
.2
.5
.5
3.4
.3
.1
.6
.4
.3
.3
.1
.4
.1
.4
.3
5.4
.4
.3
1.0
.7
.4
.4
.2
.7
.3
.6
.5
25.9
2.3
1.5
2.8
2.3
2.8
2.4
1.2
3.2
1.3
2.2
3.7
275.2
24.3
19.4
34.8
29.2
24.0
22.8
16.2
30.5
17.5
28.1
28.4
22.7
2.7
2.1
1.4
2.3
1.8
1.8
2.2
2.2
1.5
2.2
2.4
79.9
7.4
5.5
9.1
8.9
7.0
6.7
4.2
8.7
5.7
8.6
8.1
12.2
1.0
.7
2.0
1.3
1.1
.9
.6
1.5
.8
1.2
1.4
15.0
1.3
1.2
1.6
1.7
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.9
1.1
1.5
4.1
40.4
2.9
2.7
7.1
3.3
4.4
4.5
2.0
3.5
1.7
4.2
1.4
41.1
3.4
3.0
5.0
4.7
3.0
2.9
2.5
5.2
2.8
3.9
4.7
63.9
5.7
4.3
8.6
7.0
5.5
4.9
3.6
7.5
4.0
6.5
6.3
37.7
3.2
2.0
6.8
4.0
3.2
3.1
1.3
3.7
1.8
3.7
4.7
7.4
.2
.3
2.2
4.8
14.1
.8
.7
2.3
10.3
2.8
.2
.1
.6
1.9
.7
2.9
.2
.1
.6
2.0
2.0
.1
0)
!e
3.6
.1
.3
.3
2.9
1.4
2.1
.2
.1
.3
1.6
12.3
.6
.7
2.3
8.7
129.6
8.0
7.1
24.4
90 1
7.2
.4
.6
1.4
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21.8
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1.6
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12.5
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79.6
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6.4
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1.9
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488.2
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6.6
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102.1
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116.0
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47
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i Less than 50.
p Preliminary.
NOTE: Similar data for the years 1945-47 may be obtained upon request from the Office of Business Economics.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
864941—49
Food
and
liquor
.3
.1
«
.1
(0
Middle East
Delaware
_
_ __
District of Columbia. _ _
Maryland
New Jersey
New York.
Pennsylvania
__
West Virginia
General
merchandise
Finance,
insurance
and
real
estate
34.4
0)
0)
_
Food
Retail trade
B Walter W. Jacobs and Genevieve B. Wimsatt
An Approach to Orders Analysis
o,
"RDERS data have long been recognized as a tool of
value to those concerned with appraising the business outlook. A number of aggregate series on new and unfilled
orders have been compiled in the past. The monthly indexes
of new orders for all manufacturing, published by the Office
of Business Economics, have constituted a comprehensive
series of this type.
This series has now been improved and related to the flow
of shipments or sales, and the new figures beginning with the
year 1946 are presented with this article. The work of producing a more useful series has been carried on during a
period of more than a year, and has involved obtaining
additional information from the reporting companies, as well
as testing alternative computational procedures.
The new series are in the form of dollar values instead of
indexes, and both net new orders—that is, with cancellations
subtracted—and unfilled orders are presented. These values
are consistent with the monthly series on manufacturers'
sales, so that new orders for a month, added to unfilled orders
at the end of the previous month, equal sales for the month
plus unfilled orders at the end of the month. Thus, for the
first time an over-all new orders series is available which may
be compared with sales.
The article also considers the application of orders statistics
to the problem of appraising sales prospects. The more
direct implications of a comparison between new orders and
current sales are discussed briefly, and some questions
.requiring further study are touched upon.
Summary
Manufacturers' sales since the beginning of 1947 have
been outrunning net new orders. For much of the period,
this did not represent a decline in new business, but was
largely the consequence of improvement in the supply situation, permitting a steady reduction in the time required to
fill orders.
Throughout 1947 and early 1948, new orders were generally
increasing, but output was expanding more rapidly, reflecting
the rise in productive capacity. Thus, unfilled orders were
adjusted to a more normal size in contrast to the enormous
backlogs which had piled up on manufacturers' books in
1946, when companies reconverting to peacetime operations
could not cope with the demand for their products.
Among the durable-goods industries, where unfilled orders
generally are more significant than in the nondurables, backlogs in 1946 averaged about 6 months of sales. By the end
of 1948, the ratio was slightly more than 3 months. Backlogs at this time were still very substantial by prewar
standards, since unfilled orders of the durables in 1939
amounted to about one and one-half months of sales.
In the closing months of 1948, the value of new orders
began to decline. Sales also fell off, but to a lesser extent,
and unfilled orders continued their downward trend at an
accelerated rate. In the first 6 months of 1949, backlogs
shrank 25 percent in dollar value.
Incoming business increased considerably in August and
September of 1949, reaching the highest levels of the year,
mud the downward trend of unfilled orders was halted.
NOTE.—Mr. Jacobs and Miss Wimsatt are members of the Business Structure Division,
Office of Business Economics.
18
Despite a dip in October, new orders were still high as comared with the early months of the year. Backlogs again
eld steady and were several times their value in 1939 and
1940; relative to sales they were also somewhat higher than
before the war.
The improvement in orders position has characterized
most manufacturing industries. The principal exception is
the nonelectrical machinery industry, where the summer
increases in new orders ha*ve been insufficient to bring incoming business into line with current sales, and where
unfilled orders are approaching their prewar relation with
sales.
E
Interpreting orders statistics
In presenting data on new and unfilled orders for use as
business indicators, some discussion is required of the manner
in which they may be applied. The principal questions that
should be considered relate to the aspects of the business
situation on whicfi they give information, how far in advance
inferences can be drawn, how reliable the inferences can be
expected to be, and what concomitant factors should be
examined.
These questions will be investigated in the next section,
although it is clear that a complete set of answers cannot be
given until a sufficiently long historical series is available.
Many of the inferences are tentative and require empirical
verification, and during the greater part of the postwar
period conditions relevant to the behavior of orders have
been so atypical that little information can be derived for
this purpose.
The Significance of Orders Statistics
Before presenting the new data, the concepts of new and
unfilled orders are briefly discussed in this section. The
rationale of the definitions and the technical questions
involved are covered more fully in the Appendix.
In addition, the potential uses of the statistics are considered. This will help to clarify the concepts, as well as to
point out the directions along which further study is required.
Gross and net orders
A new order is a communication received and accepted by
a company of an intention to buy, for delivery immediately
or in the future. Generally this involves a firm commitment,
although practices in this respect vary among industries.
The total value of orders received during a specified period
for goods from stock—as well as goods manufactured to
order—constitutes gross new orders for the period. Subtracting orders canceled gives net new orders. Orders
which are not filled or canceled during the period are added
to unfilled orders or backlogs. Consequently, net new orders
equal sales plus the change in unfilled orders.
In dealing with reported data, however, adjustments are
required in gross new orders less cancellations to arrive at a
net figure on the same basis as reported sales, because there
are various types of credits and charges to sales which may
not be reflected in the orders figures. Sales include installation and service charges and other receipts as well as ship-
December 1949
SUEVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
ments of merchandise, and are reported net of returns,
allowances, transportation, and other types of deductions.
Reported orders are frequently not affected by these adjustments, and in addition, sometimes cover only a part of goods
sold.
To derive aggregate orders estimates on a basis comparable
with sales, the revised series presented here measures net
new orders as sales plus the change in unfilled orders. This
conforms with the practices of many businesses in maintaining orders records, and for the others, the differences between
gross orders less cancellations and net new orders derived
from sales and unfilled orders are relatively small on the
average. This accounts for the fact that the month-tomonth movements which are obtained under the revised
method of measurement are substantially in agreement with
those shown by the previously published indexes of new
orders, which were based on reported new orders net of
cancellations.
When the two methods of measuring net new orders yield
results appreciably different, in almost all cases the figure
derived from unfilled orders is more appropriate for comparison with sales. Moreover, the present procedure must be
used if an unfilled orders series consistent with new orders and
sales is to be computed. The alternative approach of estimating new orders from reported figures and deriving
unfilled orders from sales and new orders would lead to serious
cumulative errors in these unfilled orders, since in many
cases the change in unfilled orders so obtained would tend to
differ systematically from that reported.
19
order, with a production period of several months, will be
discussed.
For such a firm, the effect of changes in the rate of incoming business would be strongly influenced by the size of
unfilled orders or backlogs in relation to sales. The ratio of
backlogs to sales roughly measures the average elapsed time
between receiving an order and filling it, although the time
required to complete individual orders may vary greatly.
A decision as to this average delay is involved in the acceptance of an order for delivery on a specified date or the scheduling of work when delivery is indefinite. The manufacturer
must weigh the risk of cancellation or loss of good will in
delaying completion of an order against the added expense
in hastening it. Clearly, an expansion of operations would
be costly mainly when fairly close to capacity, and in other
situations the normal tendency would be to try to finish
orders as rapidly as would be practicable.
Chart 1.—Manufacturers' New Orders and Sales
BILLIONS OF DOLLARS
22
ALL INDUSTRIES
20
18
NEW
ORDERS
16
14
Orders statistics as economic barometers
12
In appraising current and prospective economic developments the class of series sometimes called "anticipatory
statistics" has considerable utility. These data are employed widely in projecting the direction in which such
measures as gross national product, industrial production
and manufacturers' sales may be expected to move, or in
determining the outlook for individual industries.
The Office of Business Economies' surveys of business
anticipations-—particularly of plant and equipment expenditures^—yield information of this type. While the indexes of
manufacturers' new orders previously published have also
been useful as anticipatory statistics—though of a somewhat
different nature—their analysis was kindered by the fact that
they could not be compared directly with sales. A leading
consideration in the present revision has been to remove this
limitation.
There are different ways of constructing a business indicator from new orders data, depending on whether a value
or quantity basis is used, and whether all orders or only
orders for specific industries or types of goods are included.
Moreover, different methods of combining or weighting figures for individual companies or entire industries are possible.
The series presented here are simple aggregates of the value
of net new orders for all manufacturing, or for the component
industries, and are appropriate for comparison with the value
of sales in the same industries. Other possible orders composites which may be useful in other ways are not discussed
here.
New orders and prospective sales
In considering the implications of orders statistics for
prospective trends in sales, it is helpful to investigate how
new orders influence the planning of operations in an individual company, and what other elements are examined in
making decisions in the light of orders developments. More
specifically, a company manufacturing heavy equipment to
10
8
14
NONDURABLE GOODS INDUSTRIES
12
NEW ORDERS
10
8
6
10
I II Ii I i I i I i i
DURABLE GOODS
INDUSTRIES
1946
1947
1948
1949
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, OFFICE OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS
Source of data: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
Considering first the case when output is below capacity
levels, changes in the rate of incoming business would thus
tend to be reflected in sales with a lag little different from
the average time required for production, and this lag woidd
be measured by the ratio of unfilled orders to sales, or
backlog ratio. However, the flow of orders booked is quite
erratic, with sizable haphazard fluctuations superimposed
on those resulting from seasonal factors and from changes in
the demand, supply or price outlook. Since corresponding
fluctuations in output would greatly increase costs, opera-
20
SUEVEY OF CUEEENT BUSINESS
tions are ordinarily scheduled so as to average out much of
the month-to-month variation in new business. Hence, the
sales curve with the appropriate lag would more closely
resemble a moving average of the new orders curve.
As the flow of incoming business increases up to or beyond
the capacity of the company to deal with it currently, it
becomes more difficult and more expensive to increase output
correspondingly, while at the same time, with other companies equally busy, there is less concern over the possibility
that business will be lost as a result of delays in filling orders.
Production and sales accordingly rise less rapidly than new
orders, and backlogs increase in relation to sales.
In competitive industries, however, sales are likely to
continue dropping behind new business only so long as there
are outside limitations to expansion—primarily shortages of
labor, materials, capital goods, or funds. The urge to maintain or improve the company's position in the industry will
often work toward expansion even in many situations where
a more conservative policy might have a higher profit expectation, at least in the short run. When the ratio of unfilled
orders to sales is abnormally high, production and sales will
frequently not turn down in response to a drop in incoming
business, and may even continue to increase for some time.
If the decline in new business persists, of course, the
manufacturer's confidence will be impaired by the downward
movement in new orders and the fact that backlogs have
dropped well below the levels to which he has become accustomed, and sales will turn down before unfilled orders have
returned to a normal state. Thus, a change in new orders
may affect sales in different ways depending not only on the
size of the backlog ratio, but also on whether it has been
increasing or declining.
In passing from the case of a single company of this type to
an entire industry or to manufacturing as a whole, the situation is complicated somewhat by the fact that orders figures
have different significance for companies producing various
types of goods. At the other extreme from the previous
example is the company which customarily fills all orders
from stock. Here new orders are effectively equal to sales,
unless demand exceeds the capacity to fill orders on receipt,
at which time the company may maintain a backlog of
orders. However, the case where unfilled orders are zero
and there is no lag is still consistent with the conclusion that
in general sales will follow new orders with a lag measured
by the ratio of unfilled orders to sales.
As new orders and sales are combined for many companies
characterized by different lags, the resemblance between
total new orders and total sales with an average lag may be
weakened. Furthermore, this lag may no longer be as
closely represented by the over-all backlog ratio as would
be the case for a single company.
It should also be noted that the reaction of total sales to
changes in total new business may differ according as the
component changes are generally similar or quite variable.
If, for example, total new orders in a given industry remain
constant, this may reflect either little movement among
individual companies, or increases for some companies
offset by declines for others. The behavior of sales in the
two cases may not be the same. Since there is evidence
that the concentration of orders varies over the business
cycle, with large and small companies showing divergent
trends near turning points, distributional effects of this type
may well be important.
How reliably total new orders for a group anticipate total
sales, and how well the lead is measured by the ratio of unfilled orders to sales, are questions which can be answered
only when a sufficiently long historical series is available.
Nevertheless, previous experience with orders data has indicated their value in projecting sales trends, and the revisions
should increase their usefulness along this line.
December 1049
Although the present discussion has concerned itself only
with net new orders, the amount of cancellations may have
a differential effect not completely measured by the net
figures. It is expected that the estimation of gross new
orders and cancellations will be undertaken at a later date.
The analysis of orders data
It will require detailed study of the characteristic behavior
of sales in relation to orders before the most efficient method
of applying orders data to the analysis of the sales outlook
for a given industry can be determined. However, the preceding discussion indicates in a general way how inferences
can be arrived at through a comparison of new orders and
unfilled orders with current sales.
When new orders have been received for several months at
a rate exceeding current sales, the
indications are strong that
sales will rise in the near future. 1 If, on the other hand, new
business has been running below sales, a downward sales
trend is indicated, except when backlogs are unusually high
in relation to sales. Of course, in this case also sales must
ultimately drop unless demand is stimulated, but with many
months of unfilled orders on hand, a cut in output can be deferred for a considerable period. Finally, when incoming
orders are about in line with sales and backlogs are normal, it
is likely that sales will not be altered much for several months.
In order to go beyond these simple inferences, the probable
trend of new business must be studied. One way of attacking
this question is to examine the new orders of industries which
purchase from the one in question. For example, the new
orders in machinery and transportation equipment may throw
some light on the prospective demand for iron and steel
products. Information on developments in construction and
in canning will also be relevant.
Analyzing the outlook for manufacturing as a whole is
more complex than studying a single industry. The new
business booked by manufacturers in any period comes from
other manufacturing firms as well as from sectors of business
outside manufacturing. Orders for consumer goods in final
form and for some producer goods will originate in distributive channels. Other orders will come from construction,
the extractive industries, the utilities, etc. Finally, part of
the aggregate of manufacturers' new orders is received from
other manufacturing firms, covering both capital equipment
and goods for further fabrication. Thus, total new orders
contain a degree of double counting similar to that in total
sales of manufacturers, and as a result cannot be directly
compared with final demand.
When relating changes in manufacturers' new orders to
changes in final demand, it should be realized that orders
received from distributive channels can fluctuate without
any change in consumer demand. The orders placed by
retailers are based on anticipations of their sales and on
inventory position. The rate of ordering may be cut below
replacement needs despite stability in sales, because of an
expected drop in demand or a desire to reduce stocks. If
the expected decline has not occurred at the time of delivery,
or inventory policy has changed, orders will increase beyond
the point needed to supply current requirements.
Changes in sales expectations and inventory policy
similarly modify the relation between orders received for
goods in the final stages of fabrication and orders placed for
goods at primary or intermediate stages. Orders received by
manufacturers also affect their decisions to acquire capital
equipment, which introduces another element of variation
in the aggregate flow of manufacturers' new orders as comi Strictly speaking, the period required before an excess of new orders over sales can be considered significant varies by industry, and depends on both the average production period
and the degree of regularity exhibited by new orders.
SUEVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
pared with final demand. The extent to which changes in
the rate of incoming business lead to modifications in capital
outlays is an important question under study at the present
time.
Apart from their use in projecting sales trends, orders
statistics are potentially of value in other economic studies.
The distinction between new orders and the sales which they
generate after some lapse of time may lead to better measurement of demand, and to clearer understanding of how
changes in the business situation react on different industries.
Postwar Developments in Orders
The significant economic events of the years since the end
of the war may be traced in the movements of manufacturers'
orders (see chart 1 and table 1). In this span of time, four
fairly distinct periods can be discerned.
The first period began with "VJ-Day" and ended at the
close of 1946. As manufacturers undertook the reconversion
to a civilian economy, orders for goods poured in at a rate
far beyond industry's capacity to handle them, and backlogs
grew rapidly. In the early part of 1946, net new orders
exceeded sales by a considerable margin, and gross new
21
orders were substantially larger, since war contracts were
still being canceled at this time. Expansion of output was
particularly urgent among the durable-goods industries, where
the task of reconversion seriously limited current operations;
and in this group net new orders were one-third larger than
sales.
By the end of 1946, the dollar value of orders on manufacturers' books was nearly $37 billion. More than 80
percent of the total pertained to the durable-goods group,
where unfilled orders represented more than 5 months of
sales (see table 2). Of course, some part of this backlog
was duplicated, with purchasers placing simultaneous orders
with two or more firms so as to get the earliest possible
delivery. On the other hand, many potential buyers could
not get their orders placed, and to this extent the total does
not reflect the full measure of unsatisfied demand.
As the second period started, at the beginning of 1947,
output was about equal to new business.2 Incoming orders
were still rising, although the increase was largely due to
the upward movement of prices. Deliveries were expanding
2
There is some evidence that the practice of allocating sales and limiting the acceptance
of new orders may have been growing at this time. Thus, it was probably not until somewhat later that production actually caught up with current ordering, apart from the backlog
of demand.
Table 1.—Manufacturers' New Orders and Unfilled Orders
[Millions of dollars]
New orders
Unfilled orders
Elec- Other TransTotal
Total
Nonfer- trical
porta- Other nondurmanumarous
tion
durmafacturable
metals chinery chinery equip- ables i
ing
goods
ment
Total
manufactur-
ing
Total
durable
goods
Iron
and
steel
__ _
June
12, 997
11, 208
13, 547
14, 045
14, 220
13, 270
5,761
4,280
5,880
5,968
6,440
5,648
1,281
1,115
1,772
1,539
1,782
1,182
536
386
440
456
463
463
440
433
479
598
593
694
955
869
971
,045
,256
,162
605
196
583
543
398
386
1,943
1,282
1,635*
1,787
1,947
1,760
7,236
6, 928
7,667
8,078
7,780
7,622
July
August
September __
October
November
December.. _ _
_
13, 401
14, 253
14, 236
15, 880
15, 469
15, 516
6,002
5,978
5,889
6,042
5,274
6,309
1,491
1,117
1,352
1,400
1,366
1,588
466
564
475
512
493
455
665
688
681
718
636
752
,074
,142
1,069
1,239
1,010
1,015
536
496
436
134
119
387
1,771
1,972
1,876
2,039
1,650
2,113
16, 142
15, 530
17, 136
15, 890
15, 342
16, 183
6,254
6,150
6,593
6,143
5,968
6,319
1,525
1,552
1,684
1,467
1,253
1,602
562
475
504
491
492
291
680
628
707
599
580
643
1,044
1,070
1,104
1,061
1,006
1,017
409
267
357
334
302
351
15, 373
16, 064
18, 180
19, 303
18, 172
5,948
6,001
7,126
7,463
6,991
7,556
1,292
1,508
1,644
1,754
1,821
2,032
382
484
612
579
553
583
636
628
633
741
700
803
974
980
1,074
1, 185
1,057
1,158
18, 029
17, 496
19, 449
18,021
16, 895
20, 065
7,233
7,076
8, 057
7,353
6,739
8,912
1,982
1,826
2,239
1,802
1,609
2,028
619
490
582
605
555
546
701
624
863
755
669
772
18, 190
__ _ 19, 577
19, 890
_
19, 739
18, 928
18, 050
7,972
8,170
8,206
8,108
7,722
7,570
1,927
2,107
2,059
2,232
2,122
2,023
577
705
613
642
606
582
June
16, 860
16, 534
17, %2
15, 968
15, 734
16, 300
6,703
6,734
7,185
6,127
5,993
6,544
2,034
1,8312
1,816
1,425
1,328
1,504
July
August
September
October
15, 496
18, 697
19, 379
18, 482
6,195
7,407
7,572
7,602
1,284
1,776
1,451
1,960
Item
1946:
January
February
March
April
_
May
1947:
January
February
March
April. _
May
__
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December
_
_
__ _
17,901
1948:
January
February.
March
April..
__
May
_
_
__ __ __
June
Julv
August .
September
October
__ __
November
December
1949:
January
February
March
April
May
-
Iron
and
steel
25, 148
26, 343
28, 372
30, 265
32, 325
33, 587
21, 281
22, 401
24, 267
25, 769
27, 703
28, 860
6,001
6,518
7,252
7,617
8,310
8,380
974
1,092
1,218
1,334
1,442
1,531
2,190
2,306
2,416
2,616
2,790
3,014
4,462
4,691
4,961
5,217
5,670
6,029
3,467
3,465
3,814
4,102
4,230
4,382
4,186
4,328
4,607
4,882
5,261
5,525
3,867
3,942
4,105
4,496
4,622
4,726
7,398
8,275
8,346
9,838
10, 195
9,207
34, 797
35, 203
35, 968
36, 715
36, 791
36, 761
30, 172
30, 784
31, 441
31, 518
31, 043
31, 351
8,674
8,387
8,417
8,312
8,268
8,470
1,617
1,720
1,748
1,733
1,675
1,582
3,225
3, 380
3,522
3,631
3,665
3,738
6,309
6,603
6,847
7,134
7,216
7,215
4,680
4,930
5,117
4,996
4,876
4,976
5,667
5,764
5,791
5,713
5,344
5,370
4,625
4,419
4,527
5, 197
5,748
5,410
2,034
2,159
2,237
2,191
2,334
2,415
9,888
9,380
10, 543
9,747
9,375
9,865
36, 890
36, 722
36, 749
35, 824
34, 654
34, 366
31, 243
31, 186
30, 947
30,064
29, 233
28, 775
8,397
8,445
8,444
8,187
7,756
7,688
1,605
1,544
1,448
1,349
1,281
1,040
3,766
3,732
3,712
3,591
3,468
3,378
7,229
7,254
7,224
7,127
6,986
6,842
5,101
5,105
5,153
5,164
5,144
5,153
5,146
5,107
4,965
4,646
4,598
4,674
5,646
5,536
5,802
5,760
5,421
5,590
224
128
341
394
515
405
2,440
2,277
2,821
2,810
2,346
2,574
9,425
10, 063
11, 054
11,841
10, 910
10, 616
34, 037
33, 361
33, 533
33, 116
33, 239
32, 874
28, 512
27, 953
27, 913
27, 437
27, 411
27, 264
7,423
7,209
7,028
6,796
6,857
6,989
967
962
1,028
990
953
950
3,377
3,314
3,194
3,087
3,007
2,937
6,790
6,692
6,628
6,554
6,508
6,402
5,102
4,961
4,978
5,024
5,224
5,292
4,852
4,816
5,056
4,985
4,862
4,694
5,525
5,408
5,621
5,679
5,827
5,610
1,061
1,118
1,276
1,225
1,086
1,294
227
498
340
353
290
1,276
2,644
2,520
2,758
2,612
2,531
2,996
10, 796
10, 420
11, 392
10, 668
10, 156
11, 154
32, 855
32, 516
32, 391
31, 775
30, 706
31, 678
27, 353
27, 219
27, 060
26, 696
26, 024
26, 943
7,135
7,181
7,380
7,297
7,051
7,094
1,008
951
920
926
892
823
2,918
2,789
2,800
2,748
2,684
2,676
6,337
6,250
6,173
6,120
5,957
5,889
5, 198
5,356
5,275
5,242
5,164
6,010
4,758
4,692
4,513
4,364
4,276
4, 450
5,502
5,297
5,332
5,078
4,682
4,735
853
750
804
780
856
786
1,149
1,166
1,190
1,120
1,009
1, 075
461
570
381
307
481
444
3,044
2, 872
3,158
3,028
2,649
2,660
10, 218
11, 408
11, 684
11, 631
11, 206
10, 480
32, 391
32, 368
31, 922
31, 200
30, 634
29, 196
27, 837
28, 023
27, 709
27, 255
26, 722
25, 668
7,250
7,255
7,092
7,069
7,045
6,811
902
998
924
891
802
703
2,840
2, 868
2,851
2,782
2,776
2,656
5,915
5,820
5,671
5,486
5,251
4,893
6,112
6,290
6,234
6,145
6,168
6,060
4,818
4,793
4,938
4,882
4,680
4,546
4,554
4,345
4,213
3,946
3,911
3,528
5-94
514
570
437
358
418
699
612
754
619
584
702
918
1,016
1,151
985
986
1,017
2-155
384
296
160
495
217
2,613
2,376
2,598
2,501
2,241
2,686
10, 157
9,800
10, 778
9,841
9,742
9, 756
28, 415
27,455
26, 197
24, 577
23, 207
21, 890
24, 983
24, 305
23, 247
21, 765
20, 438
19, 229
6,828
6, 701
6,359
5,893
5,475
5", 166
706
639
605
541
455
377
2,656
2, 568
2,527
2,409
2,290
2,273
4,641
4,440
4,206
3,907
3,654
3,425
5,515
5,450
5,247
4,960
4,971
4,685
4,638
4,506
4,303
4,054
3,593
3,303
3,432
3,149
2,950
2,812
2,769
2,661
365
615
583
562
561
687
810
817
858
938
996
959
263
244
377
326
2,865
3,146
3,355
2,976
9,301
11,290
11, 807
10, 881
21, 562
21, 407
21, 476
21, 723
18, 787
18, 336
17, 908
18, 387
4,890
4,779
4,280
5,017
394
490
497
526
2,248
2,229
2,240
2,259
3,295
3,125
2,980
2,858
4,502
4,300
4,307
4,214
3,458
3,413
3,604
3,513
2,775
3,071
3,569
3,336
1 Other durables include motor vehicles and equipment; lumber; furniture; stone, clay and glass; and miscellaneous.
2
Net cancellations.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
Elec- Other TransTotal
Nonfer- trical
porta- Other nondurmarous
tion
durmametals chinery chinery equip- ables ! able,
goods
ment
Total
durable
goods
SUKVEY OF CURKENT BUSINESS
22
even faster, however, and manufacturers began to work into
their sizable backlogs (chart 2). By the end of the summer,
unfilled orders of the durable-goods industries had been cut
by $3 billion, though they still represented over 4 months
of sales.
Table 2.—Ratio of Manufacturers' Unfilled Orders to Sales l
[Months]
TransNonfer- Electri- Other porta- Other Nonrous cal ma- machin- tion durable durable
equip- goods goods
metals chinery ery
ment
Total
manufacturing
Duraable
goods
2.33
2.54
2.56
2.48
2.56
2.74
5.64
6.79
6.38
5.90
6.02
6.43
6.35
10.32
7.34
6.56
7.54
7.55
2.94
3.92
4.11
4.01
3.96
3.97
6.78
7.11
7.01
6.73
6.34
6.30
5.91
7.02
7.39
6. 73
7.11
7.86
14.43
16.40
18.03
16.93
15.80
20.47
3.55
3.65
3.57
3.33
3.23
3.60
0.55
.56
.57
.58
.58
.61
July
August
September..
October
November..
December. .
2.61
2.53
2.74
2.63
2.43
2.41
5.85
5.66
6.10
5.65
5.33
5.40
6.63
6.11
6.55
5.91
5.71
6.13
3.54
3.57
3.93
3.56
3.29
3.07
6.23
5.98
6.52
6.39
6.28
6.15
7.36
7.64
8.38
7.77
7.44
7.59
17.70
18.46
20.44
19.13
19.36
18.77
3.23
3.06
3.19
2.95
2.60
2.58
.57
.52
.57
.62
.62
.57
1947:
January
February—.
March
April
May
June
2.28
2.26
2.24
2.14
2.03
2.05
4.81
4.82
4.78
4.43
4.21
4.24
5.21
5.30
5.26
4.80
4.55
4.61
2.94
2.77
2.57
2.35
2.25
1.89
5.54
5.51
5.48
5.10
4.68
4.54
6.64
6.66
6.66
6.26
6.14
6.16
17.29
18.08
18.43
16.90
16.19
16.44
2.27
2.24
2.20
1.91
1.86
1.95
.58
.57
.58
.58
.54
.56
1.99
1.99
.91
.82
.89
.81
4.18
4.20
3.95
3.69
3.85
3.65
4.36
4.28
3.96
3.67
3.80
3.69
1.77
1.88
1.89
1.73
1.75
1.72
4.64
4.55
4.24
3.90
3.97
3.76
6.13
6.08
5.88
5.39
5.65
5.41
16.73
16.96
15.24
14.12
15.84
16.99
2.00
2.07
1.99
1.89
1.93
1.71
.54
.53
.53
.53
.56
.52
.81
.76
.73
.71
.65
.63
3.76
3.62
3.48
3.54
3.44
3.37
3.85
3.80
3.80
3.92
3.76
3.58
1.77
1.68
1.59
1.59
1.49
1.30
3.88
3.61
3.52
3.48
3.48
3.38
5.32
4.97
4.77
4.87
4.81
4.51
15.58
14.71
13.87
14.47
14.18
15.34
1.84
1.76
1.62
1.63
1.57
1.54
.50
.48
.49
-.46
.43
.41
.71
.65
.60
.64
.56
.53
3.59
3.46
3.30
3.40
3.19
3.08
3.75
3.52
3.28
3.36
3.20
3.03
1.50
1.56
1.35
1.42
1.25
1.10
3.61
3.75
3.46
3.52
3.32
3.27
4.90
4.52
4.28
4.35
4.05
3.65
15. 45
14.72
14.27
15.21
12.95
11.88
1.71
1.64
1.67
1.73
1.61
1.63
.41
.38
.37
.36
.35
.33
1.59
1.51
1.42
1.39
1.31
1.22
3.31
3.13
2.98
2.92
2.73
2.48
3.36
3.22
3.10
3.13
3.10
2.85
1.19
1.06
1.07
1.11
1.01
.74
3.64
3.59
3.41
3.35
3.09
3.11
3.75
3.50
3.17
3.10
2.97
2.87
13.59
11.29
11.58
11.66
10.28
10.32
1.82
1.73
1.62
1.52
1.28
1 09
.33
.30
.28
.28
.27
26
1.26
1.13
1.14
1.30
2.61
2.30
2.27
2.76
2.87
2.58
2.26
4.39
.94
.90
.86
1.06
3.36
2.98
2.79
3.04
3.10
2.76
2.64
2.73
9.25
8.74
11.80
10.00
1 21
1.06
1.16
1.25
28
.28
.32
.33
Item
1946:
January
February...
March.
April
May
June __ _
July
August
September—
Octobe"r
November—
December. .
1948:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September—
October
November—
December. _
1949:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September—
October
Iron
and
steel
The fourth phase commenced as the summer of 1948 drew
to a close. As inventories began to accumulate—particularly at retail—manufacturers' new orders began to drop.
The decline was accelerated in the first half of 1949 as first
retailers and wholesalers and then manufacturers started to
liquidate inventories. Pessimism over the business outlook
caused a substantial amount of cancellation of orders already
booked.
Chart 2.—Manufacturers' Unfilled Orders
BILLIONS OF DOLLARS
NONDURABLE:..
GOODS INDUSTRIES
DURABLE GOODS
INDUSTRIES^
1946
i Ratio of unfilled orders, end of month, to seasonally adjusted sales for the month.
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
The third period is an extension of the second, and perhaps should not be distinguished from it. However, a
clearly marked increase in demand occurred in the early fall
of 1947. The flow of new orders pushed up past the earlier
peak as prices again moved upward. Sales rose correspondingly, and unfilled orders continued downward although
somewhat more slowly.
Early in 1948, there was a brief hesitation in business
activity. The February break in commodity prices engendered some concern as to whether the postwar boom had
reached its end, and some postponement of forward purchasing occurred. Confidence was restored quickly following such international and domestic developments as the
enactment of the European Recovery Program, the reduction of taxes and the discussions of increases in expenditures
for armaments. Ordering was resumed at the end of the
second quarter, and the 18-month decline in backlogs was
temporarily halted.
December 1949
1947
1948
1949
U. 5. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, OFFICE OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS
49-379
Source of data: U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
On September 30, 1948, total unfilled orders had been
valued at $31.9 billion. By July 31, 1949, they had declined
to $21.6 billion. Only a small part of the drop could be ascribed to lower prices. As chart 2 indicates, backlogs in this
period were being reduced more rapidly than at any previous
time in the postwar years.
The backlog ratio also continued its downward movement.
Unfilled orders of the durables had amounted to 3% months
of sales in the summer of 1948; a year later the ratio was 2}£
months.
Despite the steady drop in the ratio over a period of more
than 3 years, backlogs were still perceptibly larger in terms
of sales than in such years as 1939 and 1940. Preliminary
estimates indicate that in the first half of 1939, before the
influx of new business resulting from the start of war in
Europe, unfilled orders of the durable group amounted to
about \% months of sales. In 1940, the ratio had increased,
but was still only about 2 months.
Incoming orders rise in summer
A strong pick-up in incoming orders in August and September of this year reversed the decline in new business that
had been in progress since the previous autumn. New orders
were at their highest levels for the year.
The rise was most pronounced among the nondurable
goods group, and backlogs increased in such industries as
paper, textiles, and leather. The durables also participated
in the upward movement of incoming business, although
in this group new orders did not quite catch up with sales,
so that backlogs continued to decline.
This decline for the durables ceased in October and backlogs rose moderately, in large part because of the steel strike.
New orders of the nondurable goods industries were lower
in October, the most sizable drop occurring in textiles.
December 1949
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
23
Chart 3.—Manufacturers' New Orders, Sales, and Ratio of Unfilled Orders to Sales, by Selected Groups
BILLIONS OF DOLLARS
14
ALL D U R A B L E GOODS INDUSTRIES
BILLIONS OF DOLLARS
2.8
IRON AND STEEL
I 2
2.4
10
2.0
8
1.6
6
1.2
4
V
.8
^SALES
SALES
2
.4
i i i i i 1 i i 11 i
0
RATIO
RATIO
12
ALL
OF
UNFILLED
DURABLE GOODS INDUSTRIES
1 1I I I I M
ORDERS TO
IRON
SALES.
0
RATIO
1 12
AND STEEL
BILLIONS OF DOLLARS
1.4
BILLIONS OF DOLLARS
1.4
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY
OTHER MACHINERY
1.2
1.0
1.0
NEW ORDERS-^
NEW ORDERS
.8
.8
SALES
.6
.6
.4
.4
SALES
.2
.2
0
0
RATIO OF UNFILLED
RATIO
12
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY
1946
1947
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE,
ORDERS
TO SALES*/
RATIO
1 12
OTHER MACHINERY
1948
1949
1946
1947
1948
1949
OFFICE OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS
1 New orders are 3-month moving averages, centered at the middle month; data plotted for October 1949 are an average of September and October 1949. Comparable data for December
19452are not available, hence average for January 1946 is not shown.
Ratio of unfilled orders, end month, to seasonally adjusted total sales for month.
Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics.
24
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
Orders in selected industries
The movements of new orders as compared with sales are
pictured in chart 3 for the durable goods group as a whole
and for three of the most important durable industries—
iron and steel, and electrical and other machinery. Each
of these industries has experienced a sizable reduction in
backlogs this year. In order to eliminate part of the variation in these series, 3-month moving averages of new orders
are shown together with seasonally adjusted sales. The
backlog ratios for these industries appear in separate panels.
It may be noted that in each industry, sales rose without
significant interruptions until the last months of 1948,
despite the fact that in all three cases there were periods in
the years 1946 to 1948 of appreciable dips in new orders.
This sales behavior is consistent with the earlier discussion
of the way that the relative size of backlogs influences the
reaction of sales to changes in incoming business. With
unfilled orders large, the temporary slackening in the flow
of new orders provided the opportunity for a further reduction in the average time elapsing between receipt and delivery
of orders.
The situation was materially altered by the end of 1948.
The backlog ratios, though about twice their 1939 values,
were still considerably below the figures with which producers had been operating, and were much closer to a normal
condition than at any time since the end of the war.
In this circumstance, declines in new orders in each of the
three industries were followed by drops in sales some months
later. However, the decreases in sales were appreciably
smaller than the reductions in incoming business, since
unfilled orders were still substantial despite the shrinkage
that had occurred in 1947 and 1948.
Present position
An analysis of the sales outlook for manufacturing as a
whole or for the three selected industries is beyond the scope
of this article. However, the current orders situation can be
briefly summarized.
In the iron and steel industry, the interpretation of the
late summer upturn in sales and new orders is clouded by the
fact that shutdowns were impending. In any case, the temporary cessation of operations has created a further backlog.
With the recent rise in new orders for electrical machinery
and equipment, incoming business has for several months
been about equal to sales. Unfilled orders are higher in relation to sales than in 1939 or 1940, although the backlog ratio
is currently not far above the 1940 value.
The situation of nonelectrical machinery appears less
strong. New orders have been running well below sales,
and the increases in the past few months were insufficient to
recover more than a small part of the previous decline.
Although unfilled orders are still dropping, they amount to
more than 2% months of sales, compared with less than 2
months in 1939 and slightly more than 2 months in 1940.
Apart from transportation equipment (excluding automotive), the other durable goods industries have also participated in the recent upturn. In the main, these supply the
construction industry, whose continuing strength helps to
account for the fact that new orders have lately exceeded
sales.
The nondurables in the third quarter reported increases
in new business exceeding those of the durable goods group.
Prior to the October drop, unfilled orders for the nondurables
had been rising for several months, in large part because of
the paper industry, where new orders exceed even 1948 levels.
December 1949
TECHNICAL APPENDIX
In this section, the implications of the method used to measure net new orders in the revised
series are spelled out. The nature of the differences between gross new orders less cancellations and sales plus the change in unfilled orders are considered, with specific reference to
typical practices in maintaining orders records. A brief description of the procedure used to
derive the monthly estimates of the value of new and unfilled orders from reported sample
data is also presented.
It should be stressed that the discussion here is concerned only with the problem of arriving
at estimates of orders which are on the same basis as sales, recognizing that in many cases the
reported figures are on a different basis, since accounting procedures will vary according to
the purposes for which orders files are kept.
Recording orders data
In discussing business practice, there are two main questions to be considered from the
point of view of aggregating orders data. The first is whether separate records of new orders
and backlogs are kept or one of these is estimated from the other. The second is whether the
reported figures reflect all transactions included in sales or only a part of them.
A large proportion of companies do not compile both new and unfilled orders. Among
these, the more common procedure is to obtain total backlogs each month, and to derive
net new orders by adding the change in unfilled orders to sales for the month. If net sales
are used for this purpose, the reported new orders are then on a basis comparable with reported
sales. However, many companies compute net new orders by adding the change in unfilled
orders to gross sales—even though sales as reported are on a net basis, excluding returns,
allowances, commissions, and other deductions and including various receipts not reflected
in gross sales.
Sometimes only new orders are compiled, and unfilled orders at the end of the month are
obtained by adding the excess of gross new orders less cancellations over net sales to the backlog at the beginning of the month. With this procedure, any difference in comparability
between new orders and net sales produces cumulative errors in the unfilled orders total,
so that an inventory of unfilled orders must be taken from time to time to correct the figures.
For example, returns may not be reflected in new orders, and to this extent the derived backlog figures will be increasingly too high until the level is adjusted.
When new orders and backlogs are compiled independently, they sometimes do not balance
out with sales. The failure to check out may reflect factors already mentioned, or may derive
from other practices. One of the more common sources of discrepancy is pricing; orders are
frequently kept in terms of physical units, and values are derived by applying average prices
to total quantities. When the prices are approximate, the values may not balance even
though the quantities do. Even when actual prices are used, the price of an order may be
changed between the times that it is received and filled, so that the value of the sale differs
from the value deducted from unfilled orders. If no adjustment for the change in price is
made in new orders, there will be a difference between gross orders less cancellations and sales
plus change in unfilled orders. Again, no allowance may be made for cancellations, so that
the reported new orders figure is gross. Still another source of difference arises when partial
shipments or progress payments occur without a corresponding debit to unfilled orders.
In another common situation leading to a lack of comparability between reported orders
and sales, orders records are maintained only for a part of the items sold. This usually arises
when a company sells shelf goods as well as goods manufactured to order, and maintains
orders records only for the latter category.
Aggregate new orders
In view of the diversity of meanings underlying the reported figures, the interpretation of
a composite new orders estimate obtained by employing reported new orders without adjustment would be extremely difficult. If, for example, net new orders for a given industry as
estimated on this basis were to fall below sales, it would not be possible to say whether this
was due to a deficiency in the demand needed to maintain current operations, or simply to
the inconsistency in the bases on which the sales and orders were reported.
When net new orders are estimated from the change in unfilled orders, on the other hand,
the new orders obtained in this way can properly be compared with sales except when unfilled orders as reported are inaccurate, which will usually occur only in connection with
problems of pricing. Even in these cases, it is unlikely that the change in reported unfilled
orders will be consistently too high or too low, and the effect on net new orders as estimated
here will generally be unimportant.
In a small proportion of cases, a given month's new orders, measured by the present method,
will be affected improperly by failure to cover in unfilled orders such transactions as partial
shipments. However, inaccuracies of this nature will be small and will tend to average out,
whereas the discrepancies produced by the inconsistency of reported new orders and reported
sales do not in general behave in this way.
The method of estimation
If series on sales, new orders and unfilled orders are to be consistent, then only two of the
three can be estimated independently, the third being determined by the relation holding
among the three quantities. It was decided that more dependable results would be obtained
by estimating unfilled orders and deriving new orders from the estimated total than by
proceeding the other way round, because of the danger in the second method of cumulative
errors in unfilled orders.
The series on unfilled orders was obtained by estimating the aggregate value as of December
1947, and then computing the movements forward and back from that point. To derive the
level, the reporting sample was stratified by industry and size in the same way as for estimating sales, and in each stratum, the sample ratio of unfilled orders on December 1947 to sales
for 1948 was applied to total sales for 1948. The estimated value of unfilled orders obtained in
this way may have some bias, since not all companies in the sample maintain orders records.
To minimize the bias companies stating that they did not report orders figures because new
orders were equal to sales were included in the sample with unfilled orders equal to zero.
The sample of companies reporting orders data is smaller than that reporting sales, because
of the number of companies for which new orders are equal to sales as well as those which
have backlogs but to not report. However, the sample accounts for more than 25 percent
of unfilled orders for all manufacturing.
The month-to-month percent changes in unfilled orders shown by the sample were used
to obtain the monthly movements of total backlogs in each stratum, this method having
been selected after testing alternative procedures for deriving monthly changes in the series.
Finally, the net new orders were computed from the estimated monthly sales and unfilled
orders.
For a number of industries where records of backlogs are rarely maintained, and where
total backlogs are insignificant in relation to total sales, new orders have been taken equal
to sales and unfilled orders equal to zero. All of these industries are in the nondurables group.
In addition, new orders are assumed to equal sales in the motor vehicle subgroup of the automotive industry, since the practice in this group is not to maintain any unfilled orders file
even when there exists a substantial backlog of demand.
Back figures
The current revision has been carried back only to the beginning of 1946. The reason is
that orders data reported during the war period were much less dependable than they are
at present. Companies working on war contracts frequently did not report orders because
the information was subject to military classification, or reported only the data pertaining
to civilian production.
In this situation it appears unlikely that satisfactory estimates of orders figures can be
obtained for the war years. Work is progressing, however, on estimates for the period 1939-41
comparable with those presented here, and the prewar figures will be published in a subsequent article, together with further analysis.
BUSINESS STATISTICS
J. HE DATA here are a continuation of the statistics published in the 1949 Statistical Supplement to the SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS.
That volume contains monthly data for the years 1945 to 1948, and monthly averages for earlier years back to 1935 insofar as available; it also
provides a description of each series and references to sources of monthly figures prior to 1945. Series added or revised since publication of the
1949 Supplement are indicated by an asterisk (*) and a dagger (f), respectively, the accompanying footnote indicating where historical data and
a descriptive note may be found. The terms "unadjusted" and "adjusted" used to designate index numbers and dollar values refer to adjustment of monthly figures for seasonal variation.
Data subsequent to October for selected series will be found in the Weekly Supplement to the SURVEY.
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
1949
1948
October
Novem-
ber
Decem-
ber
January
Febru-
ary
March
April
May
June
July
August
Septem-
ber
October
GENERAL BUSINESS INDICATORS
NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT
Seasonally adjusted quarterly totals at annual rates:
National income, total
_ ._
bil. ofdol
Compensation of employees, total
do
Wages and salaries total
do
Private
do
Military
do
Government civilian _ _
do
Supplements to wages and salaries
do
Proprietors' and rental income total c?
do
Business and professional cf
_do
Farm
do
Rental income of persons
- do
Corporate profits and inventory valuation adjustment, total
bil. of dol
Corporate profits before tax, total
do
Corporate profits tax liability
do
Corporate profits after tax
do
Inventorv valuation adjustment
do
Net interest
do
234. 3
144.9
139.8
119.6
226.3
142.5
137 5
117.2
223 .4
141.8
136 5
115.9
16.1
16.2
16.6
49 7
24.5
18.5
47 8
24.0
17.1
46 5
24.1
15.7
35.7
34.5
13.6
20.9
31.8
29.4
11.5
17.9
30.9
26.4
10.6
15.8
4.1
4.1
5.0
4.0
5.0
6.7
5.3
6.7
1.2
4.1
142 2
136 6
115 7
40
16 8
56
44 5
24 2
13 8
6 5
6.7
2.3
4.2
4.5
4.3
35
4.3
Gross national product, total
_do
Personal consumption expenditures, total do
Durable goods
do
Nondurable goods
do
Services
do
Gross private domestic investment . _do
New construction
do
Producers' durable equipment
_do
Change in business inventories
do
Net foreign investment
do
Government purchases of goods and services,
total
bil ofdol
Federal (less Government sales)
do
State and local
do
270.3
180.9
22.9
103.3
54.8
48.0
17.9
21.2
263.5
178.6
23.1
100 1
55.4
41.6
16 8
21.2
36
259.6
178 9
23.8
99 3
55.9
35.4
16 4
20.4
—1 4
256.3
178 5
25.8
96 5
56.2
35.0
17 3
20.1
—2 4
40.3
23.4
16.9
42 3
25.2
17.0
44 0
26.2
17.8
43 6
25.5
18. 1
Personal income total
Less* PersonaFtax and nontax payments
Equals* Disposable personal income
Personal saving §
216.6
20.4
196.2
15.3
213 7
18.8
194 9
16.3
212 5
18.7
193 8
14.8
210.6
18.8
191 9
13.3
9.0
1.0
do
do
do
do
1.2
1.0
—.8
PERSONAL INCOME, BY SOURCE
Seasonally adjusted, at annual rates:
Total personal income
_
bil. of dol
Wage and salary receipts, total
do
Employer disbursements, total
do
Commodity- producing industries
do
Distributive industries.. _
do _ _
Service industries _ .
_do
Government
__
do _ _
Less employee contributions for social insurance
bil. of dol_.
Other labor income
do
Proprietors' and rental income
_do
Personal interest income and dividends, .do
Total transfer payments
do ...
Total nonagricultural income
do _
216.3
138.1
140.3
62.7
40.4
16.9
20.3
216.6
137.5
139.7
62.7
39.8
16.9
20.3
217.0
137.1
139.4
62.3
40.0
16.9
20.2
215.7
136.6
138.9
61.4
40.2
17.0
20.3
212.9
135.0
137. 3
60.6
39.5
16.9
20.3
212.4
133.5
135.8
58.9
39.4
17.1
20.4
212.5
134.7
136.8
58.6
40.5
17.1
20.6
213.1
135.0
137.2
58.3
41.1
17.3
20.5
211.9
133.9
136.2
58.1
40.3
17.1
20.7
209.7
134.2
136.4
57.8
40.5
17.2
20.9
211.4
134 4
136.6
58.2
40.5
17.1
20.8
2.2
2.0
49.0
16.8
10.4
2.2
2.0
49.8
16.9
10.4
2.3
2.0
50.3
16.9
10.7
2.3
2.0
49.0
17.0
11.1
2.3
2.1
47.2
17.1
11.5
2.3
2.1
47.3
17.1
12.4
2.1
2.1
46.3
17.2
12.2
2.2
2.1
46.7
17.3
12.0
2.3
2.2
46.5
17.2
12.1
2.2
2.1
44.2
17.1
12.1
2.2
2.2
45 2
17.3
12.3
192.9
192.8
193.6
192.6
191.7
191.4
192.3
192.6
191.5
191.2
192.2
'r 210. 5
134. 8
r
137. 0
58.5
r
40.4
T
17.1
r
21.0
208.4
133 1
135.3
56.8
39.8
17 4
21.3
2.2
2.2
43.8
'17.4
12.3
2.2
2.2
43 9
17. -5
11 7
r
r
193 1
T
r
4 360
1 690
NEW PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
EXPENDITURES
All industries, quarterly total
...
Manufacturing
Mining
_
Railroad
Other transportation
Electric and gas utilities
Commercial and miscellaneous
mil. ofdol
do
do
do
do
do
do
5,410
2 320
220
410
170
850
1,440
4,460
1 850
190
360
130
680
1,260
4,660
1,880
190
380
140
780
1,290
' Revised.
d" Includes inventory valuation adjustment.
§ Personal saving is excess of disposable income over personal consumption expenditures shown as a component of gross national product above.
864941° -49
4
180
r
310
r
130
r
790
'1,260
190 6
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
&-2
December 1949
1949
1948
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
GENERAL BUSINESS INDICATORS— Continued
FARM INCOME AND MARKETINGS
Cash receipts from farming, including Government
payments, total J
mil. of dol._
Farm marketings and CCC loans, total
do
Crops _ _
do _
Livestock and products, total
.do
Dairy products
do
Meat animals
_. _
_
do
Poultry and eggs
do
Indexes of cash receipts from marketings and CCC
loans, unad justed :t
All commodities
1935-39=100..
Crops
do
Livestock and products
__ do
Indexes of volume of farm marketings, unadjusted :tAll commodities
1935-39=100 _
Crops
do
Livestock and products
do
INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION
Federal Reserve Index
Unadjusted, combined index
.. 1935-39 =100. .
Manufactures
__
Minerals _
Fuels
Anthracite
.
Bituminous coal
Crude petroleum
Metals
.
-
_
_
--
Adjusted, combined index cT_
Manufactures
Durable manufactures
Lumber and products
Lumber
Nonferrous metals
Smelting and refining
Stone, clay, and glass products
Cement
_.
..
Clay products
Glass containers
2,706
2,696
1,304
1,392
280
789
312
2,383
2,367
1,080
1,287
305
752
223
1,783
1,768
689
1,079
283
589
200
1,973
1,946
677
1,269
327
692
242
1,850
1,823
592
1,231
326
623
265
1,944
1,915
639
1,276
361
627
259
2,053
2,036
757
1.279
359
647
239
2,177
2,168
972
1,196
347
592
233
2,417
2,411
1,162
1,249
328
661
245
2,608
2.601
1,327
1, 274
304
705
250
3 156
3,144
1 791
1 353
998
786
255
583
805
415
484
582
410
406
457
367
356
378
340
266
241
285
293
237
335
275
209
325
288
224
337
306
265
338
326
340
316
363
407
330
392
465
336
473
627
357
219
314
147
176
213
149
157
182
138
145
160
135
113
103
120
120
94
139
114
81
140
123
89
149
132
110
148
141
145
138
162
190
140
168
209
138
203
274
150
199
195
190
187
185
181
177
174
170
163
173
'178
" 169
202
197
195
193
190
183
179
176
169
180
' 188
p 178
232
221
154
170
145
277
192
192
191
220
214
180
230
243
209
229
224
142
169
128
276
188
192
176
208
211
178
191
238
203
229
223
132
168
113
277
184
185
183
199
193
178
171
246
208
225
228
118
154
100
268
183
182
186
192
169
166
185
244
209
223
232
115
154
96
262
185
180
200
187
168
166
179
241
206
221
233
124
150
110
252
183
172
210
185
171
163
178
240
204
212
219
126
144
11.6
240
167
151
209
186
202
160
179
235
203
202
204
129
139
124
232
145
123
200
190
206
156
202
220
184
195
177
129
139
124
225
133
108
192
188
209
151
204
240
211
186
156
121
136
113
217
127
105
179
187
209
' 140
214
249
225
194
178
134
148
126
215
141
128
174
191
207
150
212
244
225
'200
179
141
159
132
224
157
150
175
192
219
151
199
' 252
'232
" 176
101
" 143
P 166
p 139
p 227
"165
" 164
p 168
"194
211
P 155
210
" 234
p 217
.do
do
do do
do
do . do ...
do
do
do
do
183
203
258
446
114
109
117
173
"122
142
197
179
212
258
449
104
103
104
161
"95
173
129
171
174
258
450
99
102
97
153
"92
181
111
170
153
255
447
108
104
111
148
"92
179
90
168
159
251
435
116
115
117
146
"104
149
86
164
173
248
427
113
99
123
145
"124
141
85
159
163
239
417
106
96
113
148
" 160
134
94
160
182
233
406
101
95
105
156
"203
138
102
'161
190
' 230
' 404
104
95
110
165
"223
139
133
156
188
'225
'392
94
80
104
172
2>222
140
'181
' 170
179
' 226
388
110
90
123
186
p 197
134
'285
'178
179
' 237
404
' 114
98
125
'188
" 161
145
'262
p 180
180
p243
p 410
P 108
do do
do
do ..
do
do
do ..do
do .
do
do
172
167
"217
181
167
205
167
129
319
168
180
170
163
183
163
203
164
122
322
162
173
153
149
"231
184
158
200
156
114
317
151
136
163
158
"228
184
149
193
160
123
313
150
158
158
154
"221
185
152
188
157
125
305
143
153
151
148
"213
178
156
182
142
120
275
122
163
146
142
"209
182
157
177
129
111
240
112
153
144
139
"207
175
158
178
123
103
214
118
170
143
138
"202
159
148
178
126
105
217
120
179
128
124
" 198
139
133
175
120
87
238
109
152
155
'147
"203
146
143
' 178
140
111
259
134
184
' 169
160
"206
176
168
"206
'159
' 176
'154
127
'293
139
185
"169
" 182
" 164
134
319
do
do
do
do ..do
do --
161
166
118
152
176
132
160
167
116
155
177
114
151
164
103
145
177
77
143
156
88
145
167
68
143
155
74
142
168
76
131
137
52
93
163
93
146
148
88
144
156
134
148
149
105
144
155
142
137
135
78
104
153
150
128
126
93
80
147
139
134
134
82
108
149
135
123
122
50
60
154
p 127
" 114
" 123
" 118
"31
"159
"67
Durable manufactures
-do
Iron and steel
do
Lumber and products
do _
Furniture
do
Lumber
do
Machinery
_ _
_ do
Nonferrous metals and products
do
Fabricating
do
Smelting and refining
. ._
_do
Stone, clay, and glass products.
do
Cement
do
Clay products
do
Glass containers
do
Transportation equipment
. do
Automobiles (incl. parts)
do
Paper and products
_.
Paper and pulp
Petroleum and coal products
Coke
_
Printing and publishing.
Rubber products
.
Textiles and products
Cotton consumption
Rayon deliveries _ _
Wool textiles
Tobacco products
. _ _
3,225
3,215
1,663
1,552
281
931
328
205
.do
Nondurable manufactures _. Alcoholic beverages
Chemicals products
Industrial chemicals
Leather and products
Leather tanning
Shoes
Manufactured food products
Dairy products
Meat packing
Processed fruits and vegetables
3,878
3,871
2,299
1,572
328
952
278
116
"178
" 121
155
"206
171
do
195
195
192
191
189
184
179
174
169
161
170
'174
"166
do
202
201
199
198
196
193
184
179
176
168
177
'184
"175
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
231
147
135
192
191
210
184
171
224
229
145
133
187
175
203
195
172
189
231
143
131
184
183
205
212
173
184
227
129
117
183
186
204
208
180
189
225
123
107
185
200
202
222
176
184
223
129
119
183
210
195
208
171
178
212
126
118
167
209
189
213
164
179
201
126
120
145
200
185
196
157
189
194
123
114
133
193
186
195
152
206
185
115
104
127
180
185
190
" 140
223
192
126
115
141
174
183
183
146
204
' 199
'133
'119
'157
'175
184
189
' 145
195
" 175
"137
p 122
P165
P168
P185
182
" 148
204
173
168
162
154
165
'172
175
161
160
173
"175
178
179
Nondurable manufactures
do
165
172
164
174
169
174
167
181
177
187
197
186
217
Alcoholic beverages
. . _ _ do
245
234
'228
229
"239
250
237
'233
257
••236
255
257
257
Chemical products...
do
' 111
113
113
106
101
105
96
"108
100
102
108
115
113
Leather and products
do
84
95
99
96
97
'91
103
103
107
100
100
108
Leather tanning
__ .. do
161
'166
" 166
162
162
163
165
' 166
160
162
159
158
161
Manufactured food products
do
p 151
"153
P 152
P146
"144
"145
"150
"154
"151
" 151
"144
"144
"148
Dairy products
do
153
145
141
150
154
156
137
153
155
155
152
158
141
Meat packing _
do ..
155
154
173
139
150
"159
142
136
156
'134
140
138
152
Processed fruits and vegetables
do
129
176
151
146
144
143
'169
153
163
158
155
169
172
Paper and products
do
168
141
139
154
147
125
163
150
137
148
160
158
167
Paper and pulp
do
' Revised.
" Preliminary.
t Data have been revised beginning January 1947 to incorporate revisions in reports on production and sales of farm products; revised figures for January 1947-July 1948 are available upon
request.
cf Seasonal factors for a number of industries were fixed at 100 during 1939-42; data for these industries are shown only in the unadjusted series.
SUEVEY OF CUKKENT BUSINESS
December 1949
S-3
1949
1948
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through.
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
GENERAL BUSINESS INDICATIONS—Continued
INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION—Continued
Adjustedcf — Continued
Manufactures — Continued
Nondurable manufactures— Continued
Petroleum and coal products. _ . 1935-39 =100..
Printing and publishing
do_.
Tobacco products
do
Minerals . . - _ _
Metals
_--do._do
J>217
164
174
P227
156
170
*>231
154
146
?228
155
159
*221
153
160
?213
153
172
p209
152
162
»207
155
170
P202
149
172
*198
144
146
*204
151
178
158
113
161
121
156
110
149
104
149
113
136
129
148
145
145
126
133
124
123
105
38.0
19.0
8.0
11.0
8.1
2.1
6.0
10.9
3.2
7.7
38.6
19.6
8.4
11.3
8.2
2.1
6.1
10.8
3.2
7.6
'38.2
19.1
8.3
10.7
8.2
2.0
6.2
11.0
3.3
7.7
36.2
17.9
7.6
10.3
7.7
1.7
'6.1
10.6
3.0
7.6
'36.5
18.2
7.8
10.4
7.7
1.8
5.9
10.7
3.2
7.5
37.0
18.5
7.8
10.6
7.9
1.9
6.0
10.7
3.3
7.4
'35.9
17.6
7.4
10.2
7.4
1.7
5.7
10.8
3.3
7.5
35.9
17.7
7.5
10.3
7.5
1.8
5.7
10.7
3.3
7.4
36.4
18.0
7.7
10.2
7.7
1.8
5.9
10.7
3.3
7.3
34.8
17.1
7.2
9.9
7.2
1.6
5.5
10.5
3.3
7.2
'58.2
33.5
15.6
17.9
9.7
3.2
6.5
14.9
5.6
9.4
'58.6
33.8
15.9
17.9
9.7
3.3
6.4
15.0
5.6
9.4
58.5
34.1
16.2
17.9
9.5
3.3
6.2
15.0
5.7
9.2
'58.5
34.4
16.5
17.9
9.5
3.4
6.1
14.7
5.7
8.9
58.4
34.4
16.6
17.8
9.5
3.4
6.1
14.5
5.7
8.8
58.2
34.2
16.5
17.7
9.3
3.4
5.9
14.7
5.8
8.9
57.8
34.0
16.5
17.6
9.3
3.4
5.9
14.5
5.7
8.8
56.9
33.6
16.0
17.6
9.2
3.3
5.9
14.1
5.4
8.8
56.4
33.2
15.7
17.5
9.0
3.2
5.8
14.2
5.4
8.8
33.4
13.8
8.2
11.4
33.8
13.9
8.2
11.7
34.2
14.1
8.1
12.0
34.6
14.1
8.2
12.3
34.6
13.9
8.3
12.4
34.4
13.6
8.2
12.5
33.9
13.3
8.2
12.4
33.4
12.8
8.3
12.4
18, 978
8,014
2,104
627
792
1,262
1,191
404
462
402
380
391
19, 648
8,369
2,203
644
837
1,298
1,232
476
460
406
397
416
19, 065
8,341
2,251
640
812
1,340
1,235
510
411
355
382
405
17,880
7,550
2,033
595
729
1,238
1,176
406
351
299
358
366
18, 175
7,757
2,081
602
716
1, 270
1,217
483
349
302
373
364
18, 451
7,805
2,054
567
742
1,325
1,222
453
384
337
371
351
17, 643
7,445
1,883
488
720
1,261
1,289
426
370
316
332
361
10, 964
3,117
511
256
1, 148
976
321
567
514
1,224
1,731
294
304
11, 279
3,029
514
292
1,530
1,009
277
551
528
1,205
1,735
291
318
10, 724
3,036
537
272
1,116
894
272
538
571
1,167
1,742
280
298
10, 330
3,028
498
272
986
958
256
502
588
1,138
1, 554
260
290
10, 418
3,040
482
274
1,014
978
288
497
619
1,129
1,545
251
302
10, 646
2,923
601
292
1,028
1,043
294
486
641
1,152
1,584
260
342
33, 528
15, 611
3,387
1,050
1,992
3,510
1,980
952
654
756
555
774
33, 810
15, 895
3,484
1,045
1,999
3,564
2,054
980
664
761
560
784
34, 066
16, 182
3,523
1,078
2,018
3,618
2,133
998
666
780
577
792
34, 409
16, 539
3,586
1,062
2,059
3,666
2,212
996
737
814
593
814
34, 409
16, 629
3,633
1,029
2,088
3,688
2,217
976
744
835
605
813
34, 223
16, 528
3,632
1,096
2,063
3,691
2,194
951
698
817
572
815
*206
' 159
175
P206
P165
129
102
'119
p98
"114
*62
37.3
18.9
'7.9
11.0
7.7
1.8
5.9
10.6
3.5
7.2
37.3
18.9
'7.9
'11.0
7.6
1.9
5.7
10.8
3.5
7.3
34.7
16. &
6.7
10.2
7.2
1.7
5.4
10.6
3.5
7.1
'55.3
32.4
15.2
17.1
9.1
3.1
'6.0
13.9
5.3
8.6
'54.6
31.6
14.7
16.9
'9.1
3.0
6.0
13.9
5.3
8.6
'54.6
'31.1
14.3
' 16.8
9.2
3.0
'6.2
14.4
5.6
8.8
54.5
30.8
14.0
16.9
9.2
2.9
6.3
14.5
5.8
8.7
32.9
12.4
8.1
12.4
32.3
12.2
8.0
12.2
31.7
12.0
7.7
11.9
'31.0
11.8
'7.5
11.7
30.8
11.7
7.4
11.7
17, 741
7,488
1,768
452
741
1,229
1,389
484
381
328
367
350
17,990
7,745
1,811
512
730
1,195
1,553
454
417
339
369
366
17,114
7,207
1,703
418
669
1,063
1,558
487
362
288
349
310
18, 945
7,982
1,850
546
749
1,130
1,739
492
410
336
395
335
' 18, 866
' 7, 878
' 1, 895
'579
'802
' 1, 130
' 1, 579
'365
'436
'346
'388
'358
16, 881
6,665
1,142
498
744
1,045
1,377
422
412
325
361
339
10, 198
2,942
607
266
943
895
291
461
596
1,086
1,540
257
314
10, 253
3,027
671
284
936
807
279
451
573
1, 144
1,523
248
310
10, 244
3,006
701
279
984
685
303
461
592
1,143
1,525
266
300
9,907
2,774
674
271
968
770
282
497
555
1,106
1,511
271
227
10, 964
2,969
740
298
1,111
995
316
583
573
1,239
1,598
295
245
' 10, 988
' 2, 989
'589
285
' 1, 164
'964
'294
'644
'596
1,274
' 1, 618
'277
'294
10, 216
2, 879
534
256
1,071
799
273
626
510
1,173
1,558
244
293
34, 018
16, 466
3,654
1,123
2,024
3,628
2,201
926
737
795
570
808
33, 565
15, 994
3,629
1,120
1,941
3,533
2,008
909
725
787
557
785
33, 250
15, 727
3,564
1,136
1,888
3,484
1,977
915
652
786
563
762
32. 367
15, 225
3,459
1,115
1,806
3,386
1,904
903
617
757
548
731
31,638
14, 741
3,337
1,064
1,737
3,329
1,824
860
586
754
527
724
' 31, 059
' 14, 266
' 3, 185
' 1, 035
' 1, 648
' 3, 239
' 1, 769
'869
558
'744
506
'712
30, 842
13, 954
3,090
1,021
1,610
3,154
1,703
843
606
737
487
703
BUSINESS SALES AND INVENTORIES *
Business sales (adjusted), total
bil. of dol_.
Manufacturing, total
do
Durable-goods industries _
. . - .do_.
Nondurable-goods industries
do
Wholesale trade, total
do
Durable-goods establishments
do
Nondurable-goods establishments
- -do
Retail trade, total
do
Durable-goods stores
do __.
Nondurable-goods stores
do
Business inventories, book value, end of month
(adjusted), total
bil. of dol
Manufacturing, total
do __
Durable-goods industries
do
Nondurable-goods industries. _ - . _ -do
Wholesale, total
do
Durable-goods establishments
do
Non durable-goods establishments
do - _
Retail trade, total
do
Durable-goods stores
_
-. do .._
Nondurable-goods stores
do
Manufacturing inventories (unadjusted), by
stage of fabrication, total
bil. of dol_
Purchased materials
_.
- do_ __
Goods in process
do
Finished goods
_
do
r
MANUFACTURERS' SALES AND INVENTORIES—VALUE (ADJUSTED)*
Sales, total..
mil. of dol...
Durable-goods industries, total
. _ do
Iron steel and products
do
Nonferrous metals and products
do _ _
Electrical machinery and equipment
do
Machinery except electrical
do
Automobiles and equipment
do
Transportation equip , except autos
do
Lumber and timber basic products
do- __
Furniture and finished lumber products. .do
Stone clay, and glass products
.- do
Other durable-goods industries
do
Nondurable-goods industries, total
Food and kindred products
Beverages _ _
Tobacco manufactures
Textile-mill products
Apparel and related products
Leather and products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber products
_.
Other nondurable-goods industries
do
do
do
do
do
do
._ do
...do
. do- .
do
do
do
do
Inventories, book value, end of month, total
do
Durable-goods industries, total
do
Iron, steel, and products
do
Nonferrous metals and products
._ do
Electrical machinery and equipment
do
Machinery, except electrical _
do
Automobiles and equipment
do
Transportation equip., except autos
do
Lumber and timber basic products
do
Furniture and finished lumber products. .do
Stone, clay, and glass products
do
Other durable-goods industries
__ do
16, 898
' 16, 794 16, 889
17, 142
17, 552
17, 572
17, 524
17, 870
17, 780
17, 695
17, 884
17, 917
17, 916
Nondurable-goods industries, total
do
2,884
' 2, 806
2,842
2,933
2,993
3,026
3,028
2,975
3,010
3,015
3,011
3,045
3,029
Food and kindred products
do
1,062
' 1, 124
1,101
1,108
1,095
1,102
1,114
1,082
1,118
1, 052
1.052
1,062
1,059
Beverages
_ _
do
1,668
1,728
1,716
1,614
1,633
1,595
1,611
1,577
1,568
1,631
1,619
1,598
1,656
Tobacco manufactures
do
2,219
'
2,
198
2,203
2,404
2,395
2,361
2,316
2, 482
2,521
2,509
2,466
2,450
2,448
Textile-mill products
do
1,339
1,359
' 1, 332
1,412
1,421
1,404
1,363
1,494
1,564
1,436
1,540
1,636
1,588
Apparel and related products
do
598
'614
615
595
617
624
590
606
598
609
634
630
616
Leather and products
do
793
756
737
894
832
911
872
919
889
906
886
909
887
Paper and allied products
do
568
'561
559
611
616
609
580
645
628
645
640
617
629
Printing and publishing
..do
' 2, 228
2,247
2,227
2,278
2,264
2,316
2,346
2,411
2,355
2,435
2,428
2,429
2,445
Chemicals and allied products
do
2,531
2,513
'
2,
497
2,539
2,544
2,546
2,516
2,527
2,432
2,495
2,344
2,446
2,408
Petroleum and coal products
do
'562
586
555
625
650
648
644
661
653
650
661
650
667
Rubber products
do
'390
374
400
415
420
414
427
412
420
513
425
513
510
Other nondurable-goods industries
do
' Revised.
* Preliminary.
cf See note marked "<f" on p. S-2.
*New series. Except as otherwise stated, seasonally adjusted dollar sales and inventories have been substituted beginning with the October 1949 SURVEY for the unadjusted dollar values
and indexes formerly shown; for earlier figures and details regarding the new series, see pp. 12-24 of the October issue. Sales and inventories of service and limited-function wholesalers only
are published currently on p. S-10.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-4
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
GENERAL BUSINESS INDICATORS—Continued
MANUFACTURERS'
NEW ORDERS, NET *
Value (unadjusted), total
mil. of dol
Durable-goods industries, total .
. do _ _
Iron steel, and products
do
Nonferrous metals and their products
do _
Electrical machinery and equipment- _. _do ...
Machinery, except electrical
do
Transportation equipment, except autos _ -do
Other durable-goods industries
do
Nondurable-goods industries -do_
19, 739
8,108
2,232
642
780
1,120
307
3,028
11,631
18,928
7,722
2,122
606
856
1,009
481
2,649
11,206
18, 050
7,570
2,023
582
786
1,075
444
2,660
10, 480
16,860
6,703
2,034
594
699
918
1-155
2,613
10, 157
16, 534
6,734
1,832
514
612
1,016
384
2,376
9,800
17, 962
7,185
1,816
570
754
1,151
296
2,598
10, 778
15, 968
6,127
1,425
437
619
985
160
2,501
9,841
15, 734
5,993
1,328
358
584
986
495
2,241
9,742
16, 300
6,544
1,504
418
702
1,017
217
2,686
9,756
15, 496
6,195
1,284
365
561
858
263
2,865
9,301
18, 697
7,407
1,776
615
687
938
244
3,146
11,290
19, 379
7,572
1,451
583
810
996
377
3 355
11, 807
18 482
7.602
1 960
562
817
959
326
2,976
10.881
BUSINESS POPULATION
OPERATING BUSINESSES AND BUSINESS
TURN-OVER
3, 964. 7
323. 9
320.0
852.4
1,696.1
202.7
569.5
3, 935. 3
323.4
308.1
849.1
1, 684. 7
202.4
567.7
do
do _ _
do
do _
do
do
do
77.6
11.3
7 5
16.4
28.8
95.1
16.1
91
19.8
34.5
do
-do
do
do
do
do
do __
102 0
12.8
15.1
20.4
38.8
124 4
16.6
21.0
23.2
45.9
11.0
12 9
do -
70.6
102.2
Operating businesses, total, end of quarter. thous._
Contract construction
-do
I^Eanufacturing
do
Service industries
- do
Retail trade
do
Wholesale trade
_ _ _
do
All other
--do
New businesses quarterly total
Contract construction
!Manufacturing
Service industries
Retail trade
Wholesale trade
All other
-Discontinued businesses quarterly total
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Service industries ._
Retail trade
Wholesale trade
_
All other
- Business transfers quarterly total
4.4
3.9
9.8
11.1
4.0
4.7
BUSINESS INCORPORATIONS
New incorporations (48 States)*
number
6,686
6,413
7,421
7,906
6,362
7,637
7,273
7,445
7,260
6,424
6 828
6 867
6 877
461
52
40
112
188
69
460
31
37
129
208
55
531
36
64
155
217
59
566
41
53
129
267
76
685
44
63
170
318
90
849
89
77
215
366
102
877
76
68
229
406
98
776
59
63
202
351
101
828
75
74
215
372
92
719
49
61
188
344
77
810
53
55
221
385
96
732
67
71
183
329
82
802
58
90
181
364
109
101, 060
77, 709
1 135
14, 160
5 917
2,139
24, 416
1,382
31, 731
924
2 396
21, 980
4 247
2, 184
19, 159
1,174
1,892
8,625
4 841
2.627
27,567
896
2,476
15,009
5 728
3,458
97, 444
65, 048
3,018
17, 075
7,269
5,034
31, 930
5,774
1 519
24,523
6 139
3,975
28,374
5,390
1 434
11, 182
6 034
4,334
28,161
1,862
2,476
13,500
6,234
4,089
21, 804
1,393
1,845
10,183
5,629
2,754
31, 175
1,187
2,272
16, 008
6 424
5,284
20,598
1,289
2 148
9,379
4 929
2 853
23, 894
1,248
1 989
11, 897
5 833
2 927
INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL
FAILURES
Failures total
Commercial service
Construction
Manufacturing and mining
Retail trade
Wholesale trade
Liabilities, total......
Commercial service
Construction
Manufacturing and mining
Retail trade
Wholesale trade
-
--
-
number
do
do
- - - - do
do
do
thous. of dol._
do__ _
do
do
do
do
955
15, 933
3,456
2,690
COMMODITY PRICES
PRICES RECEIVED AND PAID BY FARMERS
Prices received, all farm products §..- .1909-14=100-Crops
do
Food grain
do _
Feed grain and hay
do
Tobacco
do
Cotton
.
do _
Fruit
do
Truck crops
_ _ do _ _
Oil-bearing crops
do
Livestock and products
do
Meat animals
do
Dairy products
do
Poultry and eggs
do
277
227
192
418
251
174
176
270
323
373
289
260
271
224
234
181
412
246
157
186
283
313
351
284
272
268
228
236
184
415
239
164
209
283
305
339
283
260
268
238
232
187
412
236
180
282
274
295
330
275
240
258
233
221
173
412
235
181
285
244
280
315
264
218
261
232
224
178
411
232
189
263
242
287
335
254
217
260
236
227
178
410
241
207
236
238
282
333
240
221
256
234
227
174
411
242
215
213
231
277
328
234
217
252
225
212
168
412
243
211
175
219
277
331
230
213
249
220
207
171
412
243
194
185
205
275
324
236
214
245
212
204
166
407
236
160
174
225
276
317
243
226
249
211
210
167
400
240
143
205
213
284
326
249
237
243
206
212
163
403
231
155
170
208
276
308
255
231
Prices paid:
All commodities
-_ 1910-14=100..
Commodities used in living
do
Commodities used in production
do
All commodities, interest and taxes
... do
263
273
249
249
262
272
249
248
262
271
250
248
260
267
250
248
257
264
249
245
258
265
249
246
258
264
250
246
257
263
250
245
257
264
248
245
256
263
247
244
254
260
247
243
253
260
243
242
251
258
242
240
Paritv ratio.
111
109
108
108
105
106
106
104
103
102
101
103
101
do
226
i Minus denotes excess of cancellations over new orders.
*New series. Beginning with this SURVEY, dollar values of manufacturers' new orders have been substituted for the indexes shown prior to the October 1949 issue; figures back to January 1946 and details regarding the new series are given on pp. 18-24 of this SURVEY. Data on new incorporations are compiled by Dun and Bradstreet, Inc.; they are available for the 48 States
beginning 1946 and for 47 States (excluding Louisiana) beginning July 1945.
§November 1949 indexes: All farm products, 239; crops, 208; food grain, 215; feed grain and hay, 159; tobacco, 375; cotton, 224; fruit, 149; truck crops, 226; oil-bearing crops 207; livestock and
products, 268; meat animals, 295; dairy products, 258; poultry and eggs, 217.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
S-5
1949
1948
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
Septem-
October
COMMODITY PRICES—Continued
RETAIL PRICES
AH commodities (U. S. Department of Commerce
index)
1935-39=100
195.0
193.4
192.5
191.5
189.2
189.4
189.2
188.3
188.3
186.8
186.6
187.2
185.6
Coal (U. S. Department of Labor indexes):
Anthracite
Oct. 1922-Sept. 1925=100..
Bituminous
do
145.5
159.2
145.5
159.2
145.5
159.2
147.0
159l 5
149.1
160.0
140.1
160.0
144.9
158.1
140.7
154.7
142.3
154.8
143.0
154.8
143.4
154.9
145.4
156.4
147.1
158.6
Consumers' price index (U. S. Dept. of Labor):
All items
1935-39—100
Apparel
do
Food
do
Cereals and bakery products
do
Dairy products
-.
do
Fruits and vegetables
.do
Meats, poultry, and
fish
do
Fuel, electricity, and refrigeration
do
Gas and electricity
do
Other fuels
..do
Housefurnishings
do.-..
Rent
do
Miscellaneous
_
do
173.6
201.6
211.5
170.0
203.0
193.5
256.1
137.8
95.4
191.4
198.8
118.7
153.7
172.2
201.4
207.5
169.9
199.5
189.4
246.7
137.9
95.4
191.6
198.7
118.8
153.9
171.4
200.4
205.0
170.2
199.2
192.3
241.3
137.8
95.3
191.3
198.6
119.5
154.0
170.9
196.5
204.8
170.5
196.0
205.2
235.9
138.2
95.5
191.8
196.5
119.7
154.1
169.0
195.1
199.7
170.0
192.5
213.7
221.4
138.8
96.1
192.6
195. 6
119.9
154.1
169.5
193.9
201.6
170.1
190.3
214.5
229.6
138.9
96.1
192.5
193. 8
120.1
154.4
169.7
192.5
202.8
170.3
184.9
218.6
234.4
137.4
96.8
187.8
191.9
120.3
154.6
169.2
191.3
202.4
170.1
182.6
220.7
232.3
135.4
96.9
182.7
189.5
120.4
164.5
169.6
190.3
204.3
169.7
182.0
217.9
240.6
135.6
96.9
183.0
187.3
120.6
154.2
168.5
188.5
201.7
169.5
182.2
210.2
236.0
135.6
96.9
183.1
186.8
120.7
154.3
168.8
187.4
202.6
169.4
184.9
201.9
239.5
135.8
97.1
183.1
184.8
120.8
154.8
169.6
187.2
204.2
169.7
185.3
199.8
243.6
137.0
97.1
185.9
185.6
121.2
155.2
168.5
186.8
200.6
169.1
186.7
194.5
235.1
138.4
97.0
188.3
185.2
121.5
155.2
165.4
164.0
162.4
160.6
158.1
158.4
156.9
155.7
154.5
153.5
152.9
153.7
152.2
160.3
177.0
160.0
183.5
170.4
223.4
161.2
158.8
175.2
161.0
180.8
171.1
213.4
160.1
157.6
172.2
160.8
177.3
171.1
204.6
158.9
156.2
169.3
160.4
172.5
167.7
194.7
157. 8
154.0
165.8
159.6
168.3
157.2
187.2
155.7
154.1
167.3
156.9
171.5
162.6
195.0
155.3
153.0
165.8
153.1
170.5
163.8
189.0
153.7
151.5
165.9
149.4
171.2
159.9
191.5
152.1
150.7
164.5
146.5
168.8
154.9
193.3
151.2
149.7
163.2
146.0
166.2
154.1
188.5
150.5
149.4
161.3
147.9
162.3
150.4
186.3
150.6
150. 1
162.0
!47.8
163.1
156.4
186.6
r
151. 2
149.1
160.3
145.3
159.6
155.3
177.7
150.3
178.2
149.6
174. 9
137.1
239.8
174.3
150.5
170.7
139.6
227.4
170.2
150.0
171.2
139.8
220.8
165.8
148.0
163.6
145.3
214.2
161.5
146.7
159.8
152.3
205.1
162.9
146.5
154.8
151.7
214.8
162.9
145.3
147.2
158.1
216.0
163.8
145.1
145.9
167.3
215.2
162.4
145.6
145.5
157.5
215.5
161.3
146.1
149.2
145.4
212.2
160.6
142.8
152.7
130.3
210.7
162.0
143.7
153.5
126.9
215.1
159.6
144.6
154.6
128.1
205.0
Commodities other than farm products and
foods
1926=100..
Building materials .
do
Brick and tile
do
Cement
do
Lumber
do
Paint and paint materials
..do
153.4
203.7
160.1
133.6
315.4
160.1
153.6
203.1
160.4
133.6
311.2
161.4
153.1
202.2
160.5
133.4
305.9
161.2
152.9
202.3
162.5
134.1
299.5
166.3
151.8
201.5
162.4
134.3
296.9
165.3
150.7
200.0
162.4
134.3
294.7
162.3
148.9
196.5
160.8
134.3
290.6
157.9
146.8
193.9
160.8
134.3
285. 2
157. 4
145.6
191.4
160.8
134.3
280.7
153.6
145.0
189.0
161.5
133.6
277.4
145.2
145.0
188.2
161.5
' 133. 0
277.4
143.8
145. 3
189.4
161.8
r
133. 0
' 279. 7
143.9
145.0
189.2
161.8
134.5
281.9
141.1
Chemicals and allied products.
_ -do
Chemicals
do
Drug and pharmaceutical materials. -do. ..
Fertilizer materials
do
Oils and fats
. do
135.5
128.5
152.7
117.2
194.5
134.4
125.8
152.0
119.5
195.1
131.1
123.4
151.5
120.1
179.4
126.3
122.2
150.4
120.8
146.1
122.8
119.5
148.9
120.8
131.7
121.1
118.4
142.4
119.6
129.3
117.7
117.2
123.0
119.7
121.2
118.2
116.9
123.6
118.9
127.0
116.8
116.9
124.3
117.5
116.9
118.1
118.1
124.7
120.7
118.5
119.7
118.0
125.0
121.8
130.3
117.7
117.4
125.0
120.4
118.4
116.0
115.5
123.1
120.2
115.6
Fuel and lighting materials
Electricity
Gas
Petroleum and products
do.._
do _
do
do
137.3
66.5
90.9
122.8
137.6
67.3
92.6
122.8
137.2
67.7
91.1
122.0
137.1
67.7
88.1
121.3
135.9
68.5
91.9
118.7
134.3
67.9
92.8
115.9
132.0
67.9
92.3
113.3
130.1
68.2
90.9
110. 7
129.9
68.9
90.1
110.4
129.9
70.0
89.5
110.2
129.7
68.5
88.9
109.7
130.0
130.6
Hides and leather products
Hides and skins
Leather __
Shoes
do
do
do
do
185.5
202.0
180.4
189.7
186.2
206.0
183.8
188.1
185.3
197.2
186.5
188.0
184.8
198.7
185.4
187.8
182.3
185.9
183.9
187.8
180.4
181.8
178.9
187.8
179.9
183.4
177.8
186.9
179.2
188.2
177.4
184.0
178.8
186.0
177.1
184.1
177.8
184.7
175.4
183.8
do...
do
do
147.5
152.5
142.5
148.2
153.6
142.8
148.4
153.6
143.1
148.8
153.6
142.8
148.3
154.2
142.3
148.0
153.9
142.1
147.0
152.4
141.6
146.2
151.9
140.3
145.1
150.9
139.3
do
do
do
do
172.4
164.5
167.0
157.3
173.3
165.0
171.4
157.3
173.8
165.4
172.5
157.3
175.6
169.1
172.5
156.9
175.5
169.1
172.5
156.1
174.4
168.3
168.4
155.3
171.8
166.2
156.4
154.9
168.4
165.1
138.2
154. 7
do
do
. do
do
.do
do
.do
148.3
148.8
195.0
104.3
41.8
46.4
159.6
147.4
149.1
191.2
104.0
41.8
46.4
159.6
146.7
148.8
189.2
103.7
41.8
46.4
159.6
146.1
147.7
186.9
102.5
41.8
50.1
161.6
145.2
147.3
184.8
101.3
41.8
50.1
162.1
143.8
147.1
180.1
101.2
41.8
50.1
161.8
142.2
146.4
176.2
101.2
41.8
50.1
160.9
119.0
66.2
170.2
119.2
66.2
169.9
118.5
66.2
169.5
117.3
65.5
168.3
115.3
64.7
168.0
115.7
64.6
167.2
48.7
57.6
47.3
49.1
58.1
48.2
49.5
58.3
48.8
50.1
58.5
48.8
50.9
59.2
50.1
50.8
59.0
49.6
WHOLESALE PRICES tf
U. S. Department of Labor indexes:!
All commodities
1926=100
Economic classes:
Manufactured products..
.do
Raw materials
..do
Semimanufactured articles
do
Farm products
—do
Grains
-do
Livestock and poultry
do
Commodities other than farm products- .do
Foods
Cereal products
.
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Meats poultry and
__
fish
Housefurnishing goods.
Furnishings
Furniture
_._
Metals and metal products
Iron and steel
Nonferrous metals
Plumbing and heating
Textile products
Clothing
Cotton goods
Hosiery and underwear
_._
Rayon and nylon
_
Silk
Woolen and worsted goods
Miscellaneous
Automobile tires and tubes
Paper and pulp
do
_ do
do
do__
do
do
do
do*-..-
T
T
r
T
r
89.3
109. 1
110.1
178.9
194.5
173.7
183.8
181.1
204. 8
175.5
183.8
181.3
205.6
176.5
183.4
143.0
149.1
136.8
142.9
149.1
136.6
142.9
149.1
136.6
143.0
149.2
136.7
167.5
164.7
128.8
154.7
167.9
164.2
132.1
154.7
168.2
163.8
135.9
154.7
«-r 168. 3
163. 9
135.7
154.6
167.3
163.3
131.5
154.6
140.5
146.0
172.6
100.4
40.8
50.1
159.7
139.2
145.6
169.7
99.6
39.6
49.2
159.7
138.0
144.8
167.3
98.5
39.6
49.2
157.6
138.1
144.8
170.2
98.4
39.6
49.2
152.6
139.0
144.8
174.8
'98.4
39.6
49.2
150.5
138.1
144.6
176.5
98.4
39.6
49.2
145.1
115.6
64.6
165.1
113.5
64.5
163.3
111.0
62.1
159.6
111.3
60.6
156.8
109.8
60.6
156.8
109.6
60.6
156.5
109.0
60.7
156.5
51.2
58.9
49.5
51.6
59.1
49.4
52.0
59.0
48.9
52.4
59.3
49.6
52.6
59.2
49.4
52.4
59.0
49.0
52.8
59.3
49.9
r
PURCHASING POWER OF THE DOLLAR
As measured by—
Wholesale prices
Consumers' prices
Retail food prices
-
1935-39=100..
do
__do
* Revised. cTFor actual wholesale prices of individual commodities, see respective commodities.
JThe Department of Labor is currently reviewing and revising the samples of commodities and of reporters for the indexes, subgroup by subgroup, to reflect postwar changes
in production and distribution. As subgroup revisions are completed, the revisions are incorporated in the pertinent group indexes and the all-commodity index and the subgroup indexes
are revised retroactively for the entire period covered by the revision; however, to avoid repeated revisions of the group indexes and the all-commodity index, these are not revised retroactively
more than 2 months. If introduction of a revised subgroup into the calculations changes significantly the levels of the group indexes and the all-commodity index, the latter indexes computed
with the original sample for the first month of the revision will be provided in a footnote. In some instances, it is necessary to correct previously published indexes because of late reports,
ncorrect reports, or other errors hi prices previously used. Indexes for the latest 2 months are preliminary and are currently revised to incorporate corrections received in the 2 months following. Any additional corrections received are incorporated in final annual summaries issued in the middle of the year. Indexes for June-December 1948 were corrected in the August 1949
SURVEY. Corrected indexes for January-May 1948 are available upon request.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-6
December 1949
1949
1948
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
November
October
December
January
February
March
April
May
July
June
August
Septem- October
ber
CONSTRUCTION AND REAL ESTATE
CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY
1,814
1,355
670
1,646
1,256
615
1,447
1,129
547
1,293
1,002
475
905
400
327
110
116
39
319
325
106
116
22
294
305
93
114
13
264
285
82
271
78
459
7
11
115
66
186
74
390
7
11
116
58
131
67
318
7
9
110
50
83
59
291
8
7
110
40
68
58
267
8
7
108
39
52
53
316
10
9
122
45
68
62
29, 761
778, 606
261,988
516,618
25, 264
611,216
198, 699
412, 517
24, 143
694, 023
278, 147
4J5, 876
15, 597
482, 984
159, 942
323, 042
16, 510
568, 467
316, 601
24, 281
747 619
281, 947
465, 672
4,675
33 118
316, 354
3,529
25, 077
240, 310
3,374
28, 335
266, 399
2,901
21, 685
221 883
21, 646
221, 895
23, 304
37, 159
296, 760
20, 472
33, 563
264, 033
19, 529
31, 500
256, 746
11, 855
19, 892
159, 128
12, 770
26, 665
193, 073
1, 432
125, 251
934
77, 760
956
125, 581
620
74, 528
350
40, 241
329
29, 113
284
45, 297
221
27, 445
175
152
184
157
169
148
189
154
145
123
180
145
648, 434
451, 112
843, 544
2,908
••302
1,344
1,263
2,522
210
1,646
665
5, 217
i 228
i1 2, 951
2, 038
73, 400
63,600
52,900
40, 014
38, 503
31,189
2,393
4,921
1,511
34, 773
32, 514
25. 642
1, 729
5,143
2,259
28, 904
25, 553
19, 229
1,995
4,329
3,351
199.1
270.6
355.3
213.1
229.1
166.2
247.4
297.2
215.3
219.0
New construction total
mil. of dol
Private, total
--do
Residential (nonfarm)
_
_ . _ -do ._
Nonresidential building, except farm and public
utility, total
___mil. of doL.
Commercial*
do
Industrial
_
-do
Farm construction
do
Public utility
do ...
Public, total
Residential
Military and naval
Nonresidential building
Conservation and development*
Highway
All other
do _
do
do
do
do
-do
do
1,172
104
10
224
1,267
1,370
951
420
989
445
262
79
1,576
1,108
530
251
76
1,735
1,229
257
83
268
92
269
91
76
50
311
72
60
322
381
14
8
134
56
100
69
468
15
9
141
67
160
76
506
17
9
144
74
185
77
532
20
10
148
75
200
79
842 586
318, 506
524, 080
31,570
33, 474
880 344
368, 551
511, 793
37
945
375,
570
203
676
431
245
32, 579
943, 560
410, 352
533, 208
27, 953
327 441
4,154
31, 929
316 370
4 138
30 166
320 630
32 961
335 961
19, 288
28 282
251, 770
25, 541
37 087
303 825
27 187
42 392
346 251
573
954
117, 325
120, 210
1,513
169, 700
238
36, 174
344
48 198
142
110
174
133
146
109
169
123
565, 826
2,560
41
89
30
263
96
18
251
T
1, 903
r 1,r 343
r 1, 368
710
725
264
85
263
83
261
82
675
650
82
40
281
110
12
230
r
1,833
1,301
600
1 922
T
1 889
1 353
71
75
329
70
65
330
68
50
317
560
23
12
152
77
215
81
554
27
14
155
77
200
81
536
27
14
158
74
185
73
CONTRACT AWARDS
Construction contracts awarded in 37 States (F. W.
Dodge Corp.):
Total projects
number
Total valuation
thous of dol
Public ownership.
-do
Private ownership
do
Nonresidential buildings:
Projects
number
Floor area
- thous. of sq. ft
Valuation
thous. of dol
Residential buildings:
Projects
- .number __
Floor area
thous. of sq. ft
Valuation
_ . _ _thous. of dol_.
Public works:
Projects
_ -. - number _
Valuation
thous. of doL_
Utilities:
Projects _ _ _ _
number __
Valuation
thous. of dol
Value of contract awards (F. R. indexes):
Total unadjusted
1923-25 = 100
Residential, unadjusted ___
_-do _
Total adjusted
do
Residential, adjusted
_ _ _ _ do _
Engineering construction:
Contract awards (E. N. R.)§
thous. of dol__
Highway concrete pavement contract awards :o*
Total
- thous. of sq. yd
Airports
_ _ _
do
Roads
do
Streets and alleys
do
1
37, 662
46 925
905 748 1 093 724 1
316, 409
288, 754
589, 339
804, 970
43 782
061 751
331, 892
729 859
33, 283
350 282
4,384
4,318
25, 746
278 031
4 186
32, 448
345 023
4 528
32 004
357 085
29 949
45 804
370 752
25, 570
42 950
340, 593
31, 079
48 146
393, 434
40, 342
65 715
525, 572
37, 289
60 801
500 702
1 737
179, 396
2 197
175, 861
2, 142
207, 130
1, 892
173, 714
1,947
171, 576
128, 860
362
52 691
412
34 067
479
63 102
483
45, 555
373
60 569
450
51 553
399
75 104
176
136
175
130
201
165
177
141
218
187
181
159
226
194
195
176
228
202
209
200
238
226
229
228
563, 084
743, 529
589, 693
601, 709
896, 128
619, 442
1,151
3 302
3 653
4 410
7 966
2 164
1 079
1 633
1 968
2 198
1 885
4 792
2 387
95 500
251,866
2,929
3,695
1,736
784
37
601
513
59
50, 000
50, 400
69, 400
27, 080
23, 420
16, 739
1,919
29, 002
26, 522
18, 331
1, 345
6, 846
46, 225
42 315
32 909
2,391
7 015
3 910
157.5
221.3
267. 5
53
327
4 6<78
787
1 5fi8
r
247
r
246
254
253
254
265
262
781, 416
810, 309
553, 482
5 035
5 224
3 927
2, 950
1 990
2 854
2 281
2 154
1 565
208
2 648
487
1 037
1 124
100, 000
100,000
65,290
59, 436
57 182
41, 789
2,851
12 542
89
95
254
NEW DWELLING UNITS AND URBAN
BUILDING
New permanent nonfarm dwelling units started
(U. S. Department of Labor)
number.
Urban building authorized (U. S. Dept. of Labor) :
New urban dwelling units, total:}:
.number
Privately financed, total
do
Units in 1-family structures _ _ _ -do
Uiii ts in 2-f amily structures
do_ _ _
Units in multif ami ly structures __ _ __do
Publicly financed, total _
_ _
_do
Indexes of urban building authorized:
Number of new dwelling units
1935-39=100__
Valuation of building, total _
-do
New residential building
do
New nonresidential building __ _
do_ _
Additions, alterations, and repairs
do
r
230. 7
'r 340. 8
408. 3
' 309. 2
r 271. 8
r
r
r
4,762
3,660
156. 1
234.1
263.4
221.8
200.0
2,480
265.3
190.6
201.8
333.4
467 0
248.6
265.0
88,300
95 400
r
r
53, 704
50 966
37 680
r
10 294
2 738
58
54
36
2
15
3
2,992
308. 7
362 9
523 5
257 0
277.0
r
59 073
55 416
36' 947
2, 131
16 338
3 657
51 679
48 525
34 324
1, 765
12 436
3 154
330.5
338. 5
427 5
578 3
334 8
295.3
380 4
583 5
240.2
287.3
329.0
98,000
96, 100
037
667
563
588
516
370
r
r
r
58 594
57 051
40 340
2,282
14 429
1,543
337.7
342 3
495 9
234 0
390 8
570 4
267 5
488
509
486
506
277.7
306.9
63 174
43 998
2,189
16 987
2 116
r
r
377. 3
412 6
r 627 5
r
278 2
r
279. 0
2,254
342.7
387.9
593 8
252 6
276.2
CONSTRUCTION COST INDEXES
Aberthaw (industrial building)
1914=100..
323
319
American Appraisal Company:
504
502
Average, 30 cities
1913 =100 __
501
502
499
494
496
531
529
Atlanta
_ _ _
_ _
-do
532
529
532
525
521
523
New York
do.
522
520
520
516
513
510
460
454
San Francisco .
do
457
459
452
447
448
495
493
St. Louis
___
_do
491
491
488
485
482
341
341
Associated General Contractors (all types) do__ _
341
341
339
339
340
E. H. Boeckh and Associates, Inc.:
Average, 20 cities:
Apartments, hotels, and office buildings:
Brick and concrete
210.0
U. S. avg. cost 1926-29=100..
209.7
209.0
208.9
209.3
209.3
208.6
212.9
Brick and steel
do
212.4
211 3
211 0
211 5
211 0
210 0
Brick and wood
do
225.8
219 2
224.6
221.1
220 7
220 9
218 2
Commercial and factory buildings:
213 3
213.2
Brick and concrete
do
212.9
212.5
212 8
213 2
212 0
211.6
Brick and steel
__ _ _
do
211.2
210.3
210 4
209 5
210.6
210 3
219.9
Brick and wood
do
218.9
216 5
216 4
216 5
215 5
214 5
234.1
Frame ._
do
232.4
227.1
226 8
226 3
223 8
222 5
Steel.
_
_..do _
198.2
198.0
197.5
197.7
197.7
197 5
196 7
Residences:
226.2
Brick
do
225.0
221 A
221.1
221 2
219 7
218 7
227.5
Frame
do
226.0
221.5
221.0
221.1
219.1
217. R
r
Revised.
* Data include some contracts awarded in prior months but not reported.
*New series. Monthly averages for 1915-38 and monthly figures for January 1939-July 1948 are available upon request.
§Data for December 1948 and March, June, and September 1949 are for 5 weeks; other months, 4 weeks.
cf Data for December 1948 and March, June, and August 1949 are for 5 weeks; other months, 4 weeks.
JMinor revisions in figures for number of dwelling units beginning January 1947 are available upon request.
313
492
518
489
510
307
485
503
484
505
492
442
471
345
508
446
480
340
501
445
477
343
497
445
477
343
495
446
474
342
493
443
471
343
207.1
208 0
214 9
208 I
214 6
208.2
206.5
206 2
210 8
207.1
206 1
210 0
206 3
211 1
207 2
212. 9
209 3
207 5
211 1
219 0
194 7
211 1
208 3
211 3
218 2
195 1
210 2
207 1
208 6
212 6
194 1
210 6
207 3
208 2
211 3
194 4
210 7
207 6
212 7
194 4
211 1
208 4
210 1
215 2
194 4
215 6
21 4. 3
215 4
213 fi
211 4
211 7
9ns Q
213 4
9in »
9AR 7
210 6
907 fi
207.4
90S Q
207.9
SUKVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
S-7
1949
1948
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
October
November
December
January
Febru-
ary
March
April
May
June
July
August
Se
m
Elt
ber -
October
353. 5
480.4
352 8
480.0
CONSTRUCTION AND REAL ESTATE—Continued
CONSTRUCTION COST INDEXES— Con.
Engineering News-Record:
Building
1913 = 100
Construction
._
do
Bu. of Public Roads—Highway construction:
Composite, standard mile
1925-29=100--
355.9
478.3
355.6
477.7
354.9
477.4
352.9
475.4
352.5
474.8
165. 3
348.9
472.1
351. 4
473. 5
349.3
473.8
161.4
350.7
478.3
349.4
477.5
352. 0
479.8
155.5
148.7
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
Production of selected construction materials, index:
Unadjusted
1939=100
Adjusted
do
160.8
145. 1
145.2
146.5
132.7
150.1
117.0
137.0
108.2
131.2
129.9
137. 5
130.5
131.3
132.6
125. 3
135. 3
126.4
216,931
212, 085
214, 407
208,312
183,152
188,634
162,187
156,122
168, 527
479
487
515
427
386
357
339
333
358
T
r
'T 123. 5
116. 1
146. 6
129. 5
P 147. 7
f 137. 4
154, 576
186, 312
173, 970
19S. 235
332
331
333
347
REAL ESTATE
Home mortgages insured by Fed. Hous. Admin.:
New premium paying mortgages. --thous. of dol__
Loans outstanding of agencies under the Home
Loan Bank Board:
Federal Home Loan Banks, outstanding advances
to member institutions
mil. of dol
Home Owners' Loan Corporation, balance of
loans outstanding
mil. of dol
New mortgage loans of all savings and loan associations estimated total
thous of dol
By purpose of loan:
Home construction
do _ _ _
Home purchase
do
Refinancing
do. .
Repairs and reconditioning
do
All other purposes
do
New nonfarm mortgages recorded ($20,000 and
under), estimated total
thous of dol
N onfarm foreclosures adjusted index 1935-39 =100
Fire losses
'
thous of dol
344
369
r 206, 577
>• 214, 931
' 269, 128 ' 279, 606 ' 293, 215 ' 326, 637 r 304, 343
287. 336
260, 472
249, 828
89, 505
132,006
23, 482
14, 089
28. 254
82,172
117,088
22, 881
12. 270
26, 061
70,011
114,090
23. 549
11,506
30, 672
r
' 56, 428 r 59, 611
76, 666
r 89, 192
r 90, 348 ' 111. 523
r
23, 198 r 24, 181 r 30, 562
r 10, 502
Ml, 822 r 14, 242
r
27, 257 r 28, 969
r 36, 135
977, 830
8.9
51.845
919, 631
8.6
52, 949
938, 938
9.2
69, 397
789, 559
9.4
57, 926
756, 490
9.7
62, 424
319
881,033
10.3
67,218
' 348, 276 ' 354, 194
353, 909
r 90, 397 r 101, 022 T 108, 280
84, 277
" 87, 517 r 97. 963
r
116,051 ' 125, 073 r 141, 674 r 128, 657 «• 149, 867 r 155, 915
r
29, 383
»• 29, 036
' 34, 443 r 33. 188
'r 28, 849 'r• 31, 838
'r 16, 732 r 19. 510
«• 15, 663
rr 18,362
17, 375
17, 714
r 34, 232 r 34, 401 r 37, 448
39, 531 r 43, 434
38. 449
102, 151
159,050
31, 814
17, 796
43. 098
r
908, 016
9.7
55, 290
942, 749 1,000,920
10.9
9.7
51,787
54, 162
953, 520 1,054,843 1, 052, 232
11.8
12.8
11.9
49, 592
50, 150
49. 678
48.914
DOMESTIC TRADE
ADVERTISING
Advertising indexes, adjusted:
Printers' Ink, combined index__
Magazines
Newspapers
__
Outdoor
Radio
Tide advertising index
1935-39=100-do
do
do
do
do
Radio advertising:
Cost of facilities, total
Apparel and accessories
Automotive incl accessories
Drugs and toiletries
Electric household equipment
Financial
thous of dol
do
do
do
do
do
278
320
327
276.8
302
342
253
285
317
281.4
284
322
237
255
319
253.5
296
302
277
314
310
277.8
301
334
274
310
303
287.6
318
350
306
296
307
301.2
310
346
280
279
309
284.6
309
338
290
289
308
286.4
302
314
286
296
305
283.2
276
284
264
274
252
257.6
18. 321
156
659
4 677
681
374
17, 394
132
1,036
4 416
668
333
17, 951
117
772
4 760
651
364
17, 702
146
782
4 650
624
347
16, 117
123
612
4,042
601
320
17. 698
124
657
4,616
702
342
16, 762
119
729
4.240
653
349
17, 072
114
809
4,470
683
364
15, 421
75
663
4,285
644
336
12, 091
89
332
3 473
222
318
do
do_ _ _
do
do
do
_ do
4,782
514
213
1, 923
1,731
2,611
4.673
511
176
1,936
1,684
1,829
4,948
613
186
1.955
1,966
1,618
4,768
636
201
1,708
2,089
1, 752
4,493
570
162
1,707
1,914
1,573
5.006
620
164
1.936
1,946
1,585
4,690
530
169
1, 818
1, 958
1,506
4,608
460
197
1,852
1,988
1,526
4,127
408
158
1,698
1,961
1,067
do
do
do. __
do
do
do
do
52, 993
6,151
3,922
2,265
6,019
7,253
2,621
52, 270
4,936
3,907
1,585
5,778
6,940
2,944
39, 209
3, 488
2, 756
775
4,681
5,242
3,420
29, 115
1,748
2,309
963
4, 037
4,845
1,744
39, 069
3,373
3, 227
1,286
5, 203
6,584
2,066
46, 365
5,224
3,923
1, 842
5,610
6,299
2, 435
51, 170
5,509
4,705
2,545
5, 584
6,479
2,413
50, 659
4,937
4,562
2,427
5,463
6,396
2,432
4,192
3,677
2,091
1,780
1,287
11, 734
4,091
3,570
2,537
1.247
1, 349
13, 387
3, 166
1,725
1,584
729
1,351
10, 284
1,095
965
1,389
574
1,098
8,349
1,998
1,617
1,648
1,027
1,205
9.834
3,007
2,272
1,910
1,300
1,334
11,208
3,861
2,978
2,165
1,387
1,356
12, 187
thous. of lines--
4.847
4,145
3,015
3,410
3,921
4,301
do--__
do
do __
do
do
do. _ do
220, 449
46, 861
173, 588
7,453
1,994
38, 251
125. 891
209, 199
41, 480
167, 718
7,567
1,999
34, 880
123, 273
204, 428
37, 624
166, 804
5,843
2,112
25, 703
133, 146
163, 977
38, 498
125, 479
7,362
2,952
21, 955
93, 210
163, 379
35, 559
127, 820
7,335
1,744
26, 920
91, 820
202, 070
42, 195
159, 875
9,698
2,236
34, 029
113, 914
Foods, soft drinks, confectionery
Gasoline and oil
._ - _ _
Household furnishings, etc
Soap, cleansers, etc _ _
Smoking materials
All other
Magazine advertising:^
Cost total
Apparel and accessories
_
Automotive, incl. accessories _
Building materials§
Drugs and toiletries
Foods, soft drinks, confectionery
Beer, wine, liquors§
__
._
_ _
_
Household equipment and supplies§_ . do_ _ Household furnishings!
_
_
do
Industrial materials§
do
Soaps, cleansers, etc
do -Smoking materials
do
A l l other
_ _ _ _ _ . __do _ _ _
Linage, total
Newspaper advertising:
Linage, total (52 cities)
Classified
Display, total
Automotive
Financial
General
Retail
_
- -
r
--
311
329
_
- -
270
297
252
284
256
272.2
292
301
286
299
278
12, 186
71
335
3,546
208
287
14, 082
96
404
3 829
247
298
2. 994
379
148
1,148
1,840
1,150
3,073
376
103
1,255
1,738
1,173
4,001
377
112
1,467
1,777
1,474
40, 642
3, 185
3, 856
1,774
5,162
5, 678
2,215
28, 582
771
3.481
956
4,538
4,938
1.755
31, 495
3,436
3,330
917
4,284
4.812
1,614
41, 729
5, 273
3,490
1,789
5, 093
5, 665
2. 002
3,781
3,332
2,075
1,478
1,455
12, 320
2,970
1,712
1,996
1.098
1,345
9,651
1,318
489
1,456
833
1,191
6,858
1,025
956
1,286
1,040
1,348
7,447
2.129
2,633
1,822
] , 441
1,252
9,139
4,350
3,806
2,814
2,854
3,494
3, 921
4. 464
205, 466
43, 404
162, 062
9,791
2,143
32, 453
117,676
210, 677
45, 386
165, 291
9,554
2,001
33, 758
119, 978
193, 287
41, 476
151,811
9,265
2,039
31, 045
109, 462
164, 040
40, 082
123, 959
8,115
2,252
24, 534
89, 057
170, 504
40, 713
129, 791
8,887
1,609
21, 879
97, 416
197, 858
40, 050
157, 808
8 224
1,752
29, 766
118, 066
214,935
42, 295
172, 640
10, 033
2,140
38, 417
122, 051
r
r
Revised.
*> Preliminary.
tComparable data on magazine advertising cost (Publishers' Information Bureau, Inc.) are available back to January 1948 only. Beginning with the October 1949 SURVEY, five new components are shown (marked with "§"); the total of the two components "household equipment, etc." and "household furnishings" covers all items formerly included in "electric household
equipment" and "housefurnishings, etc." Data for January-July 1948 for the new components are available upon request.
§See note marked "J" above.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
DOMESTIC TRADE—Continued
POSTAL BUSINESS
Money orders:
Domestic, issued (50 cities):
Number
_ Value
Domestic, paid (50 cities):
Number
_
_ _ _
Value
thousands __
thous of dol
5,267
98, 446
5,353
97, 114
5,229
98, 629
4,729
94 492
4,422
87 275
5,105
101 312
4,718
91 387
4,318
84 477
4,743
84 583
4,042
81 320
3,967
85 093
4,175
83, 785
4,557
88 798
thousands..
thous. of dol_.
15, 552
247, 204
20, 044
256, 791
17,235
265, 659
14, 395
227, 123
13, 245
209, 374
16, 680
264, 621
14, 106
218, 673
13, 971
197,015
14, 711
207, 673
12 822
185, 481
13, 749
203, 946
13, 592
201, 534
14, 005
207, 377
PERSONAL CONSUMPTION
EXPENDITURES
Seasonally adjusted quarterly totals at annual rates:
Goods and services total
bil of dol
Durable goods, total
Automobiles and parts
Furniture and household equipment
Other durable goods
_ _
Nondurable goods, total
__
Clothing and shoes
Food and alcoholic beverages
_ do
do
do
Semi durable housefurnishings
Tobacco
Other nondurable goods
Services
Household operation
Housing
Personal service
Recreati on
Transportation
Other services
_
do
do
do
do ...
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
. - -do
180.9
178 6
178 9
178 5
22.9
8.5
10.4
3.9
23.1
9 2
10.2
3.7
23.8
98
10.1
3.8
25 8
11 0
11 1
3.7
103.3
20.5
61.7
4 3
1.9
4.1
10.8
100.1
19.3
60 0
4 2
2.0
4.1
10.4
99.3
19 1
59 5
4 4
1.8
4.1
10.3
96.5
17 7
58 4
4 4
1.8
4.2
10.0
54.8
7.9
16.3
3.7
4.1
5.3
17.6
55.4
81
16.6
3.6
4.0
5 2
17.9
55.9
80
16.9
3 7
4.0
51
18.1
56.2
81
17.1
3 7
4.0
51
18.3
RETAIL TRADE
All types of retail stores :f
Estimated sales, unadjusted, total 9 ..mil. of dol .
Durable-goods stores 9
__
_ do_ __
Automotive group 9
do
Motor- vehicle dealers 19 -- do
Parts and accessories d
do
Building materials and hardware group c?
mil. of doL.
Building materialscf
do __
Farm implements
do
Hardware d"1
do
Homefurnishings group a". ..
_
_
do
Furniture and housefurnishings d"1
do
Household appliances
and
radios
d*—
-do
Jewelry stores d1
do
Nondurable-good 1stores 9
Apparel group d
_ _ _. _
Men's clothing and furnishingsd"1
Women's apparel and accessories
Family and other apparel d1
Shoes
Drug stores
Eating and drinking places 9
do
_ do
do
do
do
do
do
do
Food group 9
do
Grocery and combination 9
do
Other food 9
do
Filling stations
do
General -merchandise group §
do
Department, Including mail-order § do
General, including general merchandise
with food
mil. of dol _
Dry goods and other general merchandised1
mil. of dol..
Variety
do
Other retail stores 0
do
LiquorO
-do .
Other §
do
r
11, 514
3,335
1,710
1,566
144
10, 992
3,197
1,637
1, 495
142
13,136
3,497
1,667
1,493
174
9,349
2,563
1,435
1,324
111
8,919
2,592
1,522
1,420
102
10, 526
3,280
1,989
1,864
126
11,137
3,469
2, 059
1,925
134
10, 763
3,520
2,039
1,898
141
10, 809
3.601
2,093
1,945
148
10, 209
3, 370
2 026
1,880
146
10, 623
3,631
2 165
2,019
145
975
634
139
201
561
334
226
89
872
552
130
190
576
352
224
112
832
480
109
243
727
419
308
271
621
387
94
140
434
252
182
72
582
357
90
135
420
245
175
68
728
438
132
159
489
288
201
73
818
482
148
188
515
307
208
78
855
523
135
197
542
328
214
84
874
544
139
192
543
320
223
91
788
486
128
173
489
273
216
66
851
563
121
167
541
307
234
75
8,180
982
230
477
140
135
307
1,072
7,795
901
226
422
132
121
296
987
9,639
1,270
359
539
198
174
394
1,023
6,786
687
186
303
95
102
293
936
6,327
578
138
270
80
89
280
853
7,246
754
163
369
103
118
298
937
7,668
934
203
437
124
170
300
952
7,243
757
178
348
103
127
296
944
7,208
736
192
315
97
132
297
932
6 839
530
132
226
73
98
296
945
6 992
563
118
268
78
99
293
972
7,456
'r 788
171
r
373
107
r
136
r
288
958
7,531
807
185
386
112
123
296
961
2,674
2,115
559
550
1,562
1,054
2,497
1,958
539
519
1,600
1,101
2,762
2,180
582
531
2,309
1,527
2, 439
1,944
495
468
1,050
689
2,284
1,822
462
442
1,013
657
2,512
2,002
510
500
1,242
832
2,583
2,072
512
524
1,401
920
2,461
1,961
500
550
1,303
864
2 491
1, 973
518
552
1,270
836
2 574
2 056
518
573
1 058
656
2 518
1 997
521
557
1 190
783
r 2 566
r 2 036
529
535
r
1r 347
913
2 588
2 066
522
542
1 375
928
172
161
196
129
123
140
162
156
154
149
144
146
145
153
184
1,033
166
867
148
191
995
167
828
218
368
1,349
265
1,084
101
131
915
132
783
97
137
877
126
750
116
153
1,003
137
866
136
184
974
146
828
126
157
932
132
799
123
157
930
130
800
103
151
863
130
733
107
156
899
126
774
125
162
r
974
r
138
836
130
172
960
150
810
10, 982
3, 526
2 006
1,872
134
11,120
3,589
2 009
1,868
141
••880
591
114
174
r
564
r
316
247
77
898
607
116
176
599
329
270
84
r
r
f
10, 987
10, 592
10, 686
10, 705
10,790
10, 738
10, 899
10, 763
10, 663
10,644
10, 521
10, 824
10, 647
Estimated sales (adjusted), total
do
r
3,018
3,304
3, 254
3,201
3, 307
3,320
3,196
3,196
3,340
3, 324
3,477
3, 501
3,540
Durable-goods stores
__
do. __
1,911
1,742
1,567
1,779
1,897
1,880
1,928
1,944
1,681
2,088
1,687
2,077
2,070
Automotive group
do
1,742
1,429
1,641
1,760
1,776
1,794
1,595
1,944
1,951
1,540
1,550
1,938
1,810
Motor vehicles
do
139
138
136
138
134
141
147
138
134
135
137
132
136
Parts and accessories
do
Building materials and hardware group
804
796
791
785
811
791
873
855
765
mil. of dol_ _
870
783
798
780
r
492
482
496
492
506
531
• 496
472
549
549
501
515
507
Building materials
do
r
184
191
176
182
181
171
176
191
188
177
165
169
Hardware
do
166
r
514
528
518
536
554
545
526
528
543
535
527
578
Homefurnishings group. . .
do
544
r
331
316
306
311
306
327
301
304
Furniture and housefurnishings
do
321
320
315
302
300
213
211
213
225
223
218
222
220
225
215
228
264
242
Household appliances and radios
do
93
98
97
97
94
102
101
103
101
86
89
94
90
Jewelrv stores.
do
f Revised.
fRevised series. Dollar estimates of sales for all types of retail stores and for chain stores and mail-order houses have been revised for various periods back to 1943; specific periods for which
the series have been revised are as stated in the notes below. Adjusted dollar values for sales and inventories of all types of retail stores have been substituted beginning with the October 1949
SURVEY for the index numbers formerly shown; monthly data for 1946-48 for both the unadjusted and adjusted series appear on pp. 21-23 of that issue. Unpublished revisions are available
upon request.
9 Revised beginning 1943.
(^Revised beginning 1948.
§Revised beginning 1947.
©Revised beginning 1945.
SUEVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-9
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
July
June
May
August
September
October
DOMESTIC TRADE—Continued
RETAIL TRADE—Continued
All types of retail storesf— Continued
Estimated sales (adjusted), total— Continued
Nondurable-goods stores
mil. ofdol
Apparel group
do _
Men's clothing and furnishings
do
Women's apparel and accessories
do
Family and other apparel
do
Shoes
_
_.do
Drug stores
do
Eating and drinking places
_ -do _ _ _
7,703
861
199
417
122
123
307
1,012
7,567
825
193
394
114
124
306
996
7,733
862
212
386
126
138
301
1,008
7,573
875
237
380
124
135
309
981
7,485
791
197
356
111
127
313
994
7,401
775
184
351
111
129
305
956
7,483
800
180
379
111
130
310
974
7 418
800
195
365
112
128
298
922
7,323
771
188
354
105
124
303
924
7,197
705
178
313
99
115
299
928
7,168
693
167
312
96
117
296
916
T
7,r 323
735
173
335
104
r
123
294
918
7 107
708
165
334
97
111
296
905
Food group
do
Grocery and combination
do
Other food
-do
Filling stations
do
General-merchandise group
do
Department, including mail-order .. do
Other retail stores
do
2,549
2,018
531
521
1,435
960
1,018
2,555
2,006
549
518
1, 378
907
989
2,564
2,028
536
520
1,458
954
1,020
2,509
1,989
521
520
1,386
915
994
2,546
2,020
526
534
1,334
868
973
2,553
2,034
519
528
1,310
854
972
2,533
2,020
513
534
1,360
900
972
2, 532
2 027
506
524
1,368
903
973
2,520
2,003
517
526
1,330
880
949
2, 494
1,983
511
526
1,296
864
950
2,495
1,983
512
522
1,312
878
934
r
T
2, 533
2, 026
507
518
1,339
894
r
986
9 484
1 984
501
512
1 260
843
943
Estimated inventories (adjusted), total
do
Durable-goods stores
do
Automotive group -do
Building materials and hardware group
mil. of doL.
Homefurnishing group
do
Jewelry stores
do_ _
Nondurable-goods stores
do
Apparel group
do
Drugstores
_
do
Eating and drinking places
do
Food group
-do
Filling stations
do
General-merchandise group
do
Other retail stores
do
14, 937
5,554
1,675
15, 027
5,646
1,754
14, 969
5,746
1,996
14, 659
5,734
2,122
14, 479
5,675
2,169
14,700
5,751
2,150
14, 458
5,669
2,038
14, 139
5 375
1,841
14, 182
5,357
1,914
13, 862
5,289
1,917
13, 932
5,333
2,051
14, 355
5, 580
' 2, 222
14, 478
5 765
2 333
2,080
1 364
435
9 383
1,865
562
468
1,724
312
3,029
1 423
2,068
1,379
445
9 381
1,866
567
472
1,622
319
3,059
1 476
1,935
1 372
443
9 223
1,838
566
458
1,529
337
3,067
1 428
1,930
1 241
441
8 925
1,746
591
449
1,497
326
2,938
1 378
1,857
1 215
434
8 804
1 747
599
428
1,511
329
2 875
1 315
1,904
1 234
463
8 949
1 833
602
465
1,523
329
2 925
1 272
1,938
1 235
458
8 789
1 794
588
426
1,458
328
2 847
1 348
1,935
1 139
460
8 764
1 798
581
423
1 488
333
2 787
1 354
1,904
1 086
453
8 825
1,810
596
423
1,530
347
2,733
1 386
1,882
1,039
451
8 573
1,716
571
402
1,543
347
2,646
1 348
1,840
993
449
8,599
1,752
583
398
1,529
324
2,675
1,338
'T 1, 869
1, 047
442
r
8 775
T
1,r 806
596
r
411
T
1, 552
327
T
2, 767
r
1, 316
1,858
1 132
442
8 713
1 739
567
409
1 553
391
2 828
1 296
2,519
290
50
145
69
41
125
71
54
25
706
2,391
263
48
129
63
42
101
67
51
28
706
3,028
375
66
179
98
62
80
97
55
39
1,024
1,968
185
35
86
48
29
61
66
51
19
430
1 856
173
28
85
45
29
54
64
48
19
424
2 186
238
38
120
59
38
70
68
52
22
530
2 401
308
46
148
90
42
85
67
54
24
620
2 240
238
37
116
66
46
93
66
51
26
581
2 226
235
38
108
70
47
99
66
51
25
573
2,095
176
22
88
32
49
87
69
52
23
501
2,144
180
21
93
52
47
102
66
53
26
562
r
2,r 306
249
41
r
117
r
71
41
r
112
'64
50
r
26
622
2 357
239
38
119
62
44
113
67
52
29
637
414
125
154
839
394
139
161
774
556
144
310
850
231
79
110
807
224
76
116
740
298
92
129
816
368
86
155
848
351
86
132
788
347
82
132
772
301
62
127
797
330
90
132
754
369
105
137
778
381
100
145
812
325.3
311.0
342 0
300.1
471 3
235.4
226.1
370.2
232.3
221.8
224.8
301.3
328.3
307.7
329.9
296.0
443.3
235.6
212.8
378.6
225. 0
219.5
217.6
300.3
406.4
316.3
340.4
316.5
434 2
262.1
256. 2
355. 1
227.0
222 4
248.9
323.2
264.8
306.2
337.2
327.8
429 1
252.6
239.0
300 0
228.4
222.5
243. 5
298.8
267.7
300.6
316.3
284.7
409 2
242.2
238.6
292.2
232.2
226. 4
222.7
291.3
286.8
302.2
315 1
271.2
413 0
243.0
241.8
300.2
225.2
218 1
214.9
290.5
310.6
304.7
328 8
273. 4
441 1
246.9
240.8
306.5
229.8
233.2
229.4
288.8
306.9
308.6
315 4
291.1
404 5
241.1
248.2
325. 1
225.2
221 4
236.6
304.1
300.5
301.1
304 3
271.3
392 5
235. 7
235.2
325.6
225.3
223. 7
231.8
293.8
274.7
296.8
284.9
250.1
368 8
220.9
248.0
306 6
233.8
221.2
244 2
286.2
281.0
300.8
291.0
245.1
374.9
232.5
238. 2
321.8
223. 9
224.9
242.5
295.8
314.8
r
307. 4
r
313
0
r
291. 9
T
396
6
T
240. 6
r
222.
5
r
346. 1
r
222. 4
r
214.
5
r
229.
4
r
300. 7
305.8
293 8
283 7
228 5
387 8
210 6
244. 0
336 3
220 0
211 8
241 8
272 9
358. 2
283.0
226.3
365.4
355. 2
279 7
230.3
360.4
378.2
301 0
254.6
359.6
351.6
276 5
232 6
366 5
345.4
256 1
229.9
361 1
350.0
246 8
226.3
367 1
350.2
244 3
221.2
366 3
369.6
' 269 6
226.0
368 7
357.8
258 7
218.0
358.4
345.2
256 7
215.0
358 0
360.0
265.9
217.9
360 8
r
365. 2
265. 6
225.
6
r
368 1
329
232
212
358
206
155
219
160
281
176
219
163
187
157
180
152
190
152
191
153
187
152
163
151
161
155
182
165
54
24
55
24
53
25
52
22
50
22
56
25
54
24
54
24
54
24
50
22
52
23
53
23
51
42
7
51
42
7
53
41
6
52
41
7
51
42
7
51
42
7
51
41
g
50
42
g
51
42
7
52
39
9
50
40
10
49
42
9
••329
424
258
313
338
r
426
361
343
T
281
323
359
362
'345
357
434
285
345
366
475
375
334
298
356
388
404
391
495
635
428
460
491
648
502
431
414
480
575
517
582
226
287
187
216
230
306
223
203
194
209
224
238
272
227
314
180
212
227
315
252
202
192
199
239
261
266
254
339
194
239
254
353
280
241
209
249
274
287
289
295
393
256
280
304
377
311
295
237
284
309
327
331
287
365
241
277
292
373
306
279
230
277
310
328
322
268
323
232
262
265
331
284
255
224
256
287
283
314
218
294
155
212
214
310
249
211
155
188
236
254
280
238
324
173
'229
234
333
275
242
171
201
243
280
313
••299
381
248
r
296
282
404
'328
307
243
280
328
335
'331
Chain stores and mail-order houses :f
Sales, estimated, total 9
do
Apparel group
_
do
Men's wear
do
Women's wear
do.- Shoes
do
Automotive parts and accessories
do__
Building materials
do
Drug
do
Eating and drinking places
_
do ._
Furniture and housefurnishings
do
General-merchandise group
do
Department, dry goods, and general merchandise
mil. of dol
Mail-order (catalog sales)
do
Variety
do
Grocery and combination
._ do
Indexes of sales :f
Unadjusted, combined index9__._1935-39=100-Adjusted, combined
index 9
do _ _
Apparel group d11
do
Men's wear d 1
-do
Women's
weard
do
Shoesd1
- do___
Automotive parts and
accessories^
do
Building materials d1
do
Drug
_1
do-_
Eating and drinking placesd
do
Furniture and housefurnishings d1 _ _ _ d o - _
General-merchandise group d1do _.
Department, dry goods, and general merchandised"1 - 1935-39=100.
Mail-orderd
do
Varietyd1
do
Grocery and combination
do
Department stores:
Accounts, collections, and sales by type of
payment:
Accounts receivable, end of month:
Charge accounts
__ 1941 average =100
Instalment accounts
do _ _ _
Ratio of collections to accounts receivable:
Charge accounts
percent-Instalment accounts
__
do
Sales by type of payment:
Cash sales
percent of total sales. _
Charge account sales
_
do
Instalment sales
do
Sales, unadjusted, total U. S
Atlanta
Boston
Chicago
Cleveland
Dallas
Kansas City
Minneapolis
_
New York
Philadelphia
Richmond
St Louis
San Francisco
p
Revised.
Preliminary.
fSee note marked "f" on p. S-8.
1935-39=100-do
do
- do
do
do
do
do
do .
do
do
do
do
r
9 Revised beginning 1943.
evised beginning 1948.
r
r
T
4
3
1
8
^292
395
230
271
274
414
p326
314
243
277
314
331
*338
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-10
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
289
367
*275
376
DOMESTIC TRADE—Continued
RETAIL TRADE—Continued
Department stores— Continued
Sales, adjusted, total U. S.J
Atlanta:}:
Boston
Chicago^
Cleveland^
Dallas?
Kansas CityJ
_
1935-39=100..
- do
do
do .
- do _ _
do
_
do
309
404
232
298
319
410
334
290
374
228
278
293
390
323
303
378
245
295
300
397
320
295
378
246
289
311
387
293
282
374
234
272
284
393
311
278
365
208
266
279
392
301
294
389
251
277
301
374
314
292
377
243
275
295
384
309
285
368
242
262
281
385
309
279
377
227
258
274
387
304
283
360
234
'276
269
366
299
Minneapolis J
_ do _
New York _
do
Philadelphia J
do
Richmond t
_ _ do _
St. Louis.
do
San Fran cisco t
do
Stocks, total U. S., end of month: t
Unadjusted
do
Adjusted
do _
Mail-order and store sales:
Total sales 2 companies
thous of dol
Montgomery Ward & Co _ _ _ _ _ do...
Sears, Roebuck & Co
do
Rural sales of general merchandise :t
Total U. S., unadjusted
1935-39=100..
East
. . do
South
do
Middle West
do. _
Far West
_ .
do
Total U. S , adjusted
do
East
_
...do
South
do
Middle West
.
do.._
Far West
do
WHOLESALE TRADE
Service and limited-function wholesalers ::£
Sales, estimated (unadjO, total
mil. of doL.
Durable-goods establishments
do
Nondurable-goods establishments _ ...do
Inventories, estimated (unadj.), total
do
Durable-goods establishments
do Nondurable-goods establishments
do
304
-•253
302
337
338
r
344
286
229
268
314
321
343
288
247
284
331
338
358
265
243
283
309
290
343
274
229
265
306
310
'309
267
220
272
294
309
325
292
242
274
303
321
339
273
239
271
315
335
'340
266
238
269
311
314
336
261
222
261
326
325
323
269
234
268
304
326
r
335
276
241
277
306
332
325
r
319
290
330
295
260
288
250
278
265
276
287
283
285
'278
277
273
256
265
245
256
254
253
274
353, 270
131,302
221,968
350, 748
124, 896
225, 852
431, 601
150, 960
280, 641
205, 902
66, 689
139, 213
196, 656
68, 316
128, 340
258 692
89, 179
169, 513
295 754
101, 110
194, 644
292 936
100, 334
192, 602
284 289
90, 678
193, 611
240, 126
77, 005
163, 121
392.7
372.8
489.8
361.7
359.9
328.3
310.7
383.3
307.8
320.2
414.9
418.8
509.9
383.1
411.1
320.1
299.8
372.7
291.6
317.7
446.8
422.9
513.8
427.8
517.2
334.4
316.3
386.9
316.0
346.4
239.6
229.3
294.2
221.4
242.6
316.5
302.5
367.8
295.2
329.6
237.0
218.1
278.4
219.8
233.5
283.2
254.2
302.6
274.8
312.6
260.5
248.8
290.4
251.1
268.2
261.3
248.8
305.7
264.3
298.0
278.4
265.7
302.5
264.8
290.0
290.9
267.3
329.5
271.3
310.2
272.4
264.0
287.7
262.6
283.2
303.7
294.0
347.0
296.4
316.1
260.1
244.1
273.1
251.5
300.0
293.2
281.2
333.5
283.2
331.5
209.1
183.1
228 2
202.9
249.9
283 7
274.1
326 5
271.8
306.2
6,594
2,222
4,372
7,462
2,999
4,463
6,449
2,063
4,386
7, 537
3,083
4,454
6,322
1,997
4,325
7, 325
3,124
4,201
5,472
1,610
3,862
7,412
3, 232
4,180
5,234
1,615
3,619
7,487
3,342
4,145
5,737
1,839
3,898
7,413
3,392
4 021
5,236
1,765
3,471
7,217
3,341
3 876
5,220
1,754
3,466
6,992
3,222
3 770
5,247
1,735
3,512
6,854
3,092
3 762
4,856
1 525
3 331
' 6. 839
2 970
r 3 869
r 4 Q15
r
241
282
279
378
312
207
258
259
398
*>302
278
219
259
295
309
*337
264
p 297
f 270
280 233
95,517
184, 716
316 387
106 735
209 652
315 329
112 398
202 931
263.5
235.9
289 4
250 3
305.4
287 4
269 0
322 3
270 3
313.2
317.3
285 3
354 6
305 1
338 4
286 9
275 1
311 6
283 6
295 8
318.4
278 7
384 0
297 6
352 1
266 2
232 2
300 5
253 3
313 3
5,551
1 737
3,814
6, 873
2 848
5,851
1 843
4 008
7, 002
2 820
r 4 182
5, 773
1 842
3 931
7,014
2 741
4 273
r
r
r
EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION
POPULATION
Population, continental United States :§
Total, including armed forces
thousands
Civilian population, _ ._ _.
do
147, 358
145, 943
147, 610
146, 171
147, 838
146, 381
148, 051
146, 578
148, 245
146, 731
148, 430
146, 921
148, 639
147, 145
148, 823
147, 354
149,014
147, 546
149, 215
147, 752
149, 452
147, 983
r 149 703
r i4g' 244
149 947
148 502
108, 853
53, 546
55, 307
108, 948
53, 587
55, 361
109, 036
53, 624
55, 412
109, 117
53, 658
55, 459
109, 195
53, 689
55, 506
109, 290
53, 730
55, 560
109, 373
53, 764
55, 609
109, 458
53, 799
55 659
109, 547
53,837
55, 716
109, 664
53, 898
55, 766
109, 760
53,939
55 821
109 860
53 984
55 876
109 Q75
54 036
55 939
EMPLOYMENT
Employment status of noninstitutional population:
Estimated number 14 years of age and over,
total
thousands
Male . _
_
do
Female
_
do
Total labor force, including armed forces
Armed forces. _ _ _ _ _ _
Civilian labor force, total
Male
_
Female
Employed.
Male
Female
Agricultural employment
Nonagricultural employment
Unemployed
_ _ _
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do__ _
do
63, 166
1,391
61, 775
43, 851
17 924
60, 134
42, 763
17, 371
8,627
51, 506
1,642
63,138
1,414
61,724
43, 782
17 942
59, 893
42, 551
17, 342
7,961
51, 932
1,831
62, 828
1,453
61, 375
43, 573
17 802
59, 434
42 162
17, 272
7,375
52, 059
1,941
61, 546
1,468
60, 078
43, 161
16 917
57, 414
41 150
16, 264
6,763
50, 651
2,664
61, 896
1,508
60, 388
43, 229
17 159
57, 168
40 812
16, 356
6,993
50, 174
3, 221
62, 305
1,491
60, 814
43, 525
17 289
57, 647
41 092
16, 555
7 393
50, 254
3, 167
62, 327
1,492
60,835
43 668
17 167
57 819
41 463
16, 356
7 820
49, 999
3,016
63, 452
1,469
61, 983
43 886
18 097
58 694
41 521
17, 173
8 974
49, 720
3,289
64, 866
1,468
63, 398
44, 832
18 566
59, 619
42 233
17,386
9,696
49, 924
3,778
65, 278
1,463
63, 815
45, 267
18, 548
59, 720
42 422
17, 298
9,647
50, 073
4,095
65, 105
1 468
63, 637
45, 163
18 474
59, 947
42 644
17, 303
8,507
51, 441
3,689
64, 222
1 459
62 763
44 319
18 444
59 411
42 085
17 326
8 158
51 254
3 351
64, 021
1 445
62 576
43 988
18 588
59 001
41 426
17 575
7 710
51 290
3 576
Not in labor force
do
45 685
45 810
46, 208
47, 571
47 298
46 985
47 046
46 006
44 683
44 385
44 655
45 638
45 Q53
Employees in nonagricultural establishments :t
Total, unadjusted (U.S. Dept. of Labor)
r
44, 915
45, 282
thousands __
44, 815
42, 731
42, 835
43, 449
43, 061
42, 966
42, 918
42, 573
' 43, 006
P 42, 705
*• 43, 476
T
r 14 H5
Manufacturing
do
r 14 307
15,514
15, 174
14, 782
15, 368
14 649
14 475
13, 757
14 177
13 877
13 884
p 13 984
r
r
r 7 413
Durable-goods industries
. do
8,393
8,352
8,258
8,044
7,392
7 441
7 255
7,923
7 656
7 819
7 305
p 7 08°
r
r
7,121
Nondurable-goods industries
do
6,916
7,016
6,492
6,738
6,726
6 521
6,436
6,656
6,r 502
r 6 894
6 810
P 6 902
r 957
j> 583
r 948
Mining, total __
do
1,002
1,000
999
943
991
986
968
984
981
974
r
Metaldo
99
99
97
98
101
101
102
103
95
100
94
p 72
92
r
r 77
Anthracite
do
79
80
80
80
81
78
77
79
77
76
76
r
Bituminous coal
do
458
461
455
P 79
458
458
446
438
431
425
448
r 422
410
Crude-petroleum and natural-gas production
262
264
thousands ._
263
260
258
262
259
260
257
'264
'263
260
r 99
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying __. do _
102
101
99
94
93
95
98
97
98
99
99
p Q6~
Contract construction _
do
2,334
2,287
2,200
2,016
1 926
r 2 340
1 947
2 036
r 2 342
2 137
2 277
v 9 391
2 205
r
3'
994
r
3
954
4,188
4,166
4,158
Transportation and public utilities
do.
4,054
4,024
3,991
3,975
4,021
p 3 874
4,031
4 007
Interstate railroads
_do
1,534
1,504
1,517
1,414
1,440
1,387
1, 370
1,416
1,410
1 381
1*375
1 339
162
Local railways and bus lines
do
162
162
161
161
161
159
159
160
158
157
157
644
Telephone
do...
640
643
641
644
644
641
637
639
638
633
625
Telegraph
do
59
58
58
57
56
55
55
55
53
52
52
50
502
503
505
Gas and electric utilities..
_
do
503
504
505
507
509
515
520
521
519
«• Revised.
p Preliminary.
JThe adjusted indexes of department-store sales have recently been revised; unpublished revisions available upon request are as follows: Atlanta, 1944-April 1948' Chicago 1945-April
1948; Cleveland and Minneapolis, 1946-March 1948; Kansas City, 1945-March 1948; Philadelphia, 1944-March 1948; Richmond, 1946-May 1948. Current revisions for Dallas and San Francisco are tentative, pending completion of the revision for earlier periods. Department-store sales indexes for the United States reflect all revisions in the districts and therefore are subject
to further adjustment. Recent revisions of data on department-store stocks, by districts, are reflected in the U. S. total which is also subject to further revision. The indexes of rural sales
of merchandise have been recomputed on a 1935-39 base; data through 1948 appear in the 1949 STATISTICAL SUPPLEMENT. The series on wholesale trade have been re vised back to 1939-monthly
figures for 1946-48 and annual data beginning 1939 are shown on pp. 18-20 of the October 1949 SURVEY; unpublished revisions are available upon request
'
§Data for 1947 and 1948 (shown in the 1949 STATISTICAL SUPPLEMENT) have been revised; revisions prior to August 1948 are available upon request.
fRevised series. See note marked "t" on p. S-ll.
SUEVEY OF CUBKENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-ll
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
June
May
July
August
!
September
October
EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION—Continued
BMP LO YM ENT— Continued
Employees in nonagricultural establishmentsf —
Continued
Unadjusted (U. S. Dept. of Labor)— Continued
Trade
__ _
thousands. .
Wholesale trade
do
Retail trade
_
do
General-merchandise stores
do ___
Food and liquor
do
Automotive and accessories dealers.- do
Finance
do .-.
Service
do
Hotels and lodging places
do
Laundries
do
Cleaning and dyeing plants
do
Government
do
Total adjusted (Federal Reserve)
do
Manufacturing
__do
Mining
_ __ do_
Contract construction
do
Transportation and public utilities , ^ do
Trade
do
Finance
'.
- do
Service
do ___
Government
do
Production workers in manufacturing industries:!
Total (U S Dept of Labor)
thousands-.
Durable-goods industries
do
Ordnance and accessories ..
do
Lumber and wood products (except furniture)
thousands
Sawmills and planing mills ..
do
Furniture and
fixtures
do
Stone clay, and glass products
do
Glass and glass products __
do_-.
Primary metal industries
do
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling
mills
thousands
Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals
thousands
Fabricated metal prod (except ordnance, machinery, transportation equipment) __thous
Heating apparatus (except electrical) and
plumbers' supplies
thousands
Machinery (except electrical)
do
Electrical machinery
do
Transportation equipment
do
Automobiles
__
do
Aircraft and parts
do
Ship and boat building and repairs
do
Railroad equipment
do
Instruments and related products
do
Miscellaneous mfg. industries
do Nondurable-goods industries
do
Food and kindred products
do
Meat products
do
Dairy products
do
Canning and preserving.. _
do
Bakery products
do
Beverages
do
Tobacco manufactures
do
Textile-mill products
do
Broad. -woven fabric mills..
do
Knitting mills
do
Apparel and other finished textile products
thousands
Men's and boys' suits and coats
do
Men's and boys' furnishings and work
clothing
_
thousands
Women's outerwear
do
Paper and allied products
do
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills. _ -do
Printing, publishing, and allied industries
thousands
Newspapers
_ __
do
Commercial printing
do_.
Chemicals and allied products _ _ _ _.do. _
Industrial organic chemicals
do
Drugs and medicines
do
Paints, pigments, and
fillers
_ _ do
Products of petroleum and coal
do
Petroleum refining
do
Rubber products __ ___
do
Tires and inner tubes
do
Leather and leather products.
do
Footwear (except rubber) _
.do
9,654
2,601
7,053
1,523
1,196
648
1,720
4,811
464
355
150
5,694
9,807
2,612
7,195
1,647
1,197
654
1,721
4,782
458
351
147
5,685
10, 273
2,595
7,678
1,990
1,208
668
1,724
4,757
461
350
145
5,994
' 44, 468 ' 44 403 r 44, 276
' 15, 320 r 15, 250 ' 15, 055
998
998
1.003
2,223
2,242
2,245
4,195
4.170
4,158
9,533
9,500
9,537
1,737
1,741
1,738
4,787
4,782
4,781
5,675
5,723
5,756
9,388
2,559
6,829
1,423
1,186
653
1,731
4,723
447
351
144
5,764
r
43, 881
r 14, 816
997
2,215
4,090
9,479
1,740
4,771
5,773
'9,220
2,472
6,748
1, 356
1,201
'679
1,780
4,851
r
511
'364
151
5,738
fr 9, 218
2, 516
' 6, 702
'1,339
r
1, 179
689
1,782
r
4,r 837
504
358
144
5 763
'r 43, 657 ' 43. 445 r 43 263 r 43. 027 r 42, 896 rr 42, 711
14, 671 ? 14, 501 ' 14, 316 ' 14, 095 ' 14, 007 13, 917
965
939
995
987
975
987
2,164
2,140
2,100
2,128
2, 121
2,116
4,003
4,059
4,008
4, 024
3,968
4,008
9,456
9 465
9,497
9,475
9,368
9 516
1,744
1,749
1,756
1,755
1,754
1,748
4,792
4,786
4,777
4,784
4,804
4,792
5,771
5,846
5,775
5, 775
5,784
5, 823
' 42, 877
' 13.r 982
949
2 165
r
3,
949
r
9 425
1,764
r
4, 789
5,852
71
r
' 11, 561
r
5 948
18
r
9,292
2,541
6,751
1,386
1,184
647
1,735
4,712
447
346
142
5,737
9,310
2,523
6,787
1,411
1,193
648
1,749
4,720
445
346
144
5,761
9,478
2,504
6,974
1, 515
1,204
658
1,757
4,768
451
347
150
5,775
9,342
2,482
6,860
1, 434
1, 203
661
1,763
4,804
464
353
153
5,813
9,336
2,491
6,845
1,401
1,208
670
1,774
4,834
487
361
154
5,803
12, 913
6 969
24
12 775
6 942
24
12 578
6 845
24
12,201
6 640
24
12 074
6 523
23
11 904
6 417
23
11 616
6 262
23
11 324
6 057
21
11, 337
6 022
21
769
452
307
458
122
1,096
754
443
305
457
120
1 099
720
420
297
451
117
1 101
667
387
284
436
112
1,090
655
380
278
429
110
1 077
659
385
274
423
107
1 062
659
389
268
416
105
1,028
672
399
259
414
106
991
686
410
257
409
105
971
545
547
551
550
553
552
545
534
523
T
11, 211
5, 894
19
r
676
407
253
MOO
r 101
'r 9, 412
2, 540
r
6, 872
' 1, 425
' 1,r 188
693
r
r
1, 771
4, 839
475
362
147
' 5, 893
11, 760 * 11, 445
6 057
p 5 738
18
P 18
r
r
'688
r 934
263
'412
107
932
685
417
' 276
''414
107
r
940
506
498
500
46
47
46
46
46
47
47
45
45
42
41
820
816
801
767
752
729
706
683
679
'671
'688
143
1,190
647
1,045
672
177
111
70
2U1
412
140
1 187
650
1,046
669
183
108
72
198
406
131
1 179
'643
1,048
670
186
106
72
196
385
117
1 155
623
1,038
665
190
102
72
190
366
112
1 133
607
1,021
649
190
100
72
185
363
108
1,108
585
1,017
646
192
98
72
183
354
103
1 066
560
1,012
649
192
93
69
181
343
97
1 014
538
955
601
187
92
67
177
333
94
977
518
995
646
187
88
66
176
333
92
939
505
1,014
670
192
'86
59
170
313
100
925
506
1, 000
' 680
185
79
46
170
'346
5,944
1,311
226
108
258
203
167
ICO
1,249
610
226
5.833
1,226
235
104
173
197
167
97
1,245
610
225
5.733
1 171
247
luu
147
196
157
93
1.236
607
220
5,561
1 097
240
99
118
190
146
90
1,200
590
212
5,551
1 073
231
luO
108
189
145
88
1,190
582
214
5,487
1,069
226
103
110
185
149
85
1,150
558
211
5,354
1 071
217
108
125
186
140
82
530
207
5,267
1 095
221
115
131
188
148
82
1,087
526
202
5, 315
1 153
226
122
169
192
152
84
1,083
525
203
' 5, 317
1,224
227
122
220
191
169
82
1,057
518
200
' 1,348
t 229
116
'337
194
165
91
1,092
531
211
1,072
142
1,058
135
1,040
135
1,015
135
1,055
139
1,051
137
1,008
134
956
118
959
122
942
116
1,040
130
249
316
411
211
246
315
412
211
236
315
409
210
225
314
398
208
241
324
391
204
242
318
386
201
241
289
377
196
239
257
372
194
236
258
369
192
221
263
365
188
236
307
371
191
246
318
'384
197
485
141
162
453
136
59
41
189
150
177
82
487
f 142
493
144
163
' 478
140
61
42
190
150
508
137
168
532
165
60
47
184
150
208
93
369
233
508
138
167
529
166
60
47
192
149
209
94
357
224
509
139
170
526
165
60
46
189
149
206
93
354
228
500
136
169
519
163
62
45
187
149
201
91
354
233
497
137
166
513
162
62
45
188
150
197
89
359
235
496
139
164
511
157
61
44
187
149
194
89
358
234
i, 100
495
140
163
495
148
61
44
188
149
190
89
348
228
494
141
162
476
142
60
43
188
149
185
87
332
216
494
142
163
464
139
60
43
189
150
181
86
339
223
r
'342
226
r 5, 613
' 161
458
135
60
42
190
150
r
180
r
81
355
234
v 5, 866
43, 082 f> 4*> 266
14, 106 f 13, 798
'944
p581
r
2, 189
2 210
r
3.
944
3,
880
T
9, 456
9 391
' 1. 780
1, 786
' 4, 791
4, 775
5. 872
5 845
r 415
r
•P 9, 510
r>2 550
v 6, 960
p 1, 476
p 1, 198
p700
' 1, 768
p 4, 799
^689
p 285
v 415
P588
42
r
709
109
'930
'529
' 1, 018
690
191
74
53
172
'366
»701
p935
P553
P999
P 175
p380
' 5, 703
1, 332
230
111
315
196
157
'94
1,132
547
219
P 5, 707
* 1 276
' 1, 078
133
P 1 076
r
?92
P 1 167
p 392
•p 498
p 484
P182
T 1Q9
P 189
64
'353
230
P351
Manufacturing production-worker exmployment
index, unadjusted (U. S. Dept. of Labor) f
155.9
153.5
157.6
148.9
147.4
145.3
138.2
1939=100141.8
138.4
136.9
'141.1
' 143. 6 p 139. 7
Manufacturing production-worker employment
r
r
T
r
r
r
' 154. 5
152.1
149. 3
147. 6
145. 6
index, adjusted (Federal Reserve) t
1939= 100. . ' 155. 3
' 143. 4
!40.8
139. 9
138. 9
' 139. 6
' 141. 2 v 137. 5
r
p
Revised.
Preliminary.
tHevised series. Beginning with the October 1949 SURVEY, the indicated series on employment, pay rolls, and hours and earnings have been revised to incorporate three major changes:
(1) adoption of the current Standard Industrial Classification; (2) reclassification of reporting establishments on the basis of major postwar product or activity; (3) adjustment to 1947 benchmark levels and a revision in estimating production-worker employment. Revised data on empolyees in nonagricultural establishments (unadjusted) by major groups are shown on p. 24
of the November 1949 SURVEY . The Federal Reserve adjusted figures for total nonagricultural and manufacturing employment and the adjusted indexes for manufacturing production workers
have been further revised in this issue of the SURVEY. All unpublished revisions are available upon request.
OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-12
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
Septem-
October
EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION—Continued
EMPLOYMENT—Continued
Miscellaneous employment data:
Federal and State highways, total §
number.. 289,056
124, 100
Construction (Federal and State)
do
117, 957
Maintenance (State)
-- -- do
Federal civilian employees:
1,880
United States
thousands-209
District of Columbia
-.
-do
Eailway employees (class I steam railways) :
1,376
Total
_ -thousands. Indexes:
131.8
Unadjusted
-..-1935-39= 100- 127.6
Adjusted
-_ .do. _ _
259, 338
99, 158
117, 706
227, 808
69, 381
112, 519
207, 943
52, 207
110, 216
203,088
48, 744
109, 014
214,405
59, 507
108, 618
238,605
80, 881
111, 169
268, 525
106, 743
113, 965
295, 071
124, 025
120, 469
314, 414
137, 965
124, 931
322,005
140, 613
128, 631
313, 625
136, 368
125, 032
1,896
212
1,899
212
1,901
212
1,900
213
1,908
214
1,922
215
1,933
216
1,929
217
1,923
217
1,915
214
1,886
213
1,360
1,339
1,285
1,261
1,228
1,245
1,267
1,261
1,238
1,231
P 1,196
p 1, 115
130.2
129.1
127.9
129.9
123.0
127.9
120.6
123.6
117.3
120.3
119.1
121.0
121.2
121.7
120.6
119.0
118.4
116.0
117.8
115.4
P 114. 2
pill. 5
"106.8
P103.3
366.7
362.8
360.7
345.9
340.4
332.8
319.2
312.8
315.8
312.9
322.8
334.7
40.0
40.7
42.1
39.8
40.4
41.9
40.1
40.7
41.4
39.5
40.1
40.9
39.4
39.9
41.3
39.1
39.5
39.6
38.4
39.0
36.7
38.6
39.0
40.3
38.8
39.2
39.7
38.8
'38.8
40.3
39.1
39.2
39.7
39.6
'39.7
'40.3
P39.7
'39.8
P40.5
42.0
42.2
41.6
41.4
40.2
40.6
41.2
41.0
40.7
40.6
38.8
40.3
41.0
40.8
41.2
41.0
39.7
40.3
40.7
40.8
39.4
40.1
39.3
40.0
39.5
39.3
39.8
40.4
39.9
39.8
40.3
40.2
39.6
39.9
39.1
39.0
40.5
40.6
38.7
39.3
38.2
38.4
41.1
41.1
38.5
39.6
39.1
38.0
40.7
40.7
39.0
39.4
38.9
37.6
' 39. 4
39.3
38.6
38.7
37.9
36.9
••40.7
••40.7
••40.5
39.6
39.0
37.6
'40.7
40.7
'41.3
'39.7
38.2
'37.7
P41.7
40.3
40.0
39.8
40.0
39.9
39.5
39.4
38.7
37.7
36.4
37.6
37.2
41.3
40.4
41.0
41.0
40.8
41.0
41.3
40.7
40.5
39.1
••39.4
39.6
40.8
40.7
41.0
40.1
39.7
39.5
38.7
39.0
39.2
••39.3
'39.5
'39.9
40.9
41.1
40.2
39.3
39.0
41.2
37.3
39.9
39.8
41.0
40.0
40.8
40.3
39.0
38.8
41.4
34.7
39.7
39.9
41.0
40.2
41.1
40.4
40.1
39.7
41.4
39.0
41.5
40.0
41.0
38.1
40.5
39.7
39.9
39.8
40.5
39.0
40.8
40.0
40.2
37.2
40.4
39.6
39.8
39.5
41.2
38.5
40.7
39.8
40.3
37.6
39.9
39.1
38.6
37.7
40.7
38.9
39.9
39.7
40.2
36.6
39.1
38.5
38.7
38.6
39.4
38.2
38.6
39.3
39.0
37.1
39.2
38.8
38.2
37.3
40.5
38.1
39.2
39.5
39.0
37.3
39.2
39.0
39.5
39.4
40.5
38.4
39.0
39.2
39.4
••37.7
39.0
38.7
39.9
40.3
39.9
38.4
37.7
39.0
39.0
'38.8
39.1
39.2
39.3
39.9
••38.1
'37.4
38.3
••39.0
'39.2
39.5
39.4
'40.0
'40.1
40.4
40.5
37.7
37.9
'39.4
'40.5
39.1
41.8
42.0
45.0
39.3
42.4
41.1
39.9
37.9
38.3
37.1
39.2
41.8
42.9
44.9
35.6
41.9
42.1
37.9
38.0
38.4
37.1
39.3
41.9
44.1
44.7
36.5
41.9
41.2
38.3
38.4
38.7
36.5
38.7
41.5
42.9
44.8
36.8
40.9
40.2
36.2
37.5
37.7
35.7
38.8
41,3
41.2
45.0
38.2
42.1
40.3
35.4
37.7
37.8
36.3
38.6
40.9
40.3
44.4
37.2
41.4
40.8
36.1
37.2
36.8
36.5
37.6
40.6
39.9
44.6
36.5
42.0
40.9
34.7
35.7
35.2
35.1
38.1
41.3
40.7
45.2
37.4
42.1
41.8
35.7
35.4
34.6
35.3
38.5
41.6
40.4
45.8
38.3
42.2
42.1
38.0
36.3
35.7
36.2
38.7
42.2
41.8
45.7
r
39.7
42.2
42.7
'37.4
••36.6
36.3
36.3
38.9
41.7
41.0
'45.0
'40.8
'41.6
41.5
'38.7
37.6
37.6
37.0
'39.5
'41.7
41.3
44.4
40.1
42.0
40.5
'38.9
'38.6
38.5
37.8
P39.5
P41.6
35.0
34.5
36.0
35.5
35.7
35.3
35.3
35.4
36.2
36.5
36. 3
36.7
34.4
34.6
35.5
34.2
35.4
33.3
35.4
••33.4
35.6
'33.6
'36.9
35.5
P36.4
35.9
32.6
42.8
43.8
35.5
35.2
42.9
43.9
34.8
35.2
42.6
43.3
34.2
35.1
41.6
42.7
35.6
35.8
41.2
42.0
36.4
35.4
41.0
41.7
35.2
33.4
40.3
41.2
36.1
35.0
40.4
41.1
35.8
34.6
40.7
41.1
36.1
"33.9
41.1
41.8
36.4
34.2
41.9
42.8
37.0
35.8
'42.6
43.0
P43.1
38.9
37.7
39.8
41.8
40.1
40.7
42.3
41.4
40.8
39.2
37.2
36.4
35.4
39.2
37.7
40.1
41.7
40.3
40.9
41.6
40.4
40.0
38.7
36.2
35.7
34.3
39.6
38.5
40.7
41.8
40.3
41.2
41.3
40.4
40.4
38.5
35.6
37.1
36.5
38.6
36.9
40.1
41.1
39.6
40.7
40.9
41.2
41.5
37.9
35.3
37.2
36.9
38.6
37.1
39.6
41.0
39.9
40.6
40.7
39.9
39.9
37.7
35.4
37.7
37.3
38.6
37.1
39.6
40.9
39.4
40.7
40.5
40.0
40.0
37.0
35.8
37.5
37.2
38.4
37.6
39.3
40.6
38.8
40.1
41.1
40.1
39.8
36.9
35.4
35.8
35.1
38.7
37.8
39.7
40.7
39.2
40.4
40.7
40.7
40.5
37.7
36.3
35.1
34.0
38.7
37.4
40.0
40.8
39.2
40.2
41.2
40.2
39.9
38.2
36.6
36.5
36.0
••38.6
••37.1
••39.8
40.6
39.3
40.0
40.9
40.7
40.4
38.4
36.6
'37.0
'36.8
' 38. 5
'36.8
'39.6
'40.5
39.2
39.9
'41.1
'40.3
' 39. 8
'38.2
'35.8
'37.3
'36.8
39.0
37.5
39.8
'41.3
39.8
40.4
41.5
'41.1
40.5
40.3
39.1
' 36. 8
36.0
42.5
38.7
39.2
42.4
33.4
37.2
43.0
34.0
39.0
42.1
36.0
39.2
42.4
26.1
37.9
43.3
25.0
36.4
42.6
30.6
37.4
42.2
34.1
37.5
40.6
23.4
30.7
'39.4
'35.0
25.1
'39.4
'23.4
26.1
39.4
32.0
27.3
39.7
45.7
38.6
42.1
37.3
39.6
44.4
37.1
39.1
36.4
40.0
44.3
38.5
40.7
37.8
41.1
42.7
37.5
39.5
37.0
39.8
42.3
37.3
39.7
36.5
39.6
42.5
36.9
39.5
36.1
39. 9
43.3
37.3
40.1
36.4
40.6
44.3
38.5
41.7
37.2
39.7
43.8
38.5
41.9
37.1
' 40.3
43.4
38.6
42.2
37.1
'40.1
44.3
'38.8
42.4
'37.3
40.4
43.5
37.7
41.0
36.4
1,846
211
PAY ROLLS
Manufacturing production-worker pay roll index,
unadjusted (U. S. Dept. of Labor) f— 1939= 100. _.
r
LABOR CONDITIONS
Average weekly hours per worker (U. S. Dept. of
Labor) :t
A 11 m anuf acturing industries
hours ..
Durable-goods industries
do
Ordnance and accessories do
Lumber and j,wood products (except furniture)
.hours
Sawmills and planing mills
do
Furniture and fixtures
do
Stone, clay, and glass products __
do
Glass and glass products
do
Primary metal industries
- _do
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills
hours. .
Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous
metals
- hours Fabricated metal prod, (except ordnance, machinery, transportation equipment)- .hours _ .
Heating apparatus (except electrical) and
plumbers' supplies
.. .hours. _
Machinery (except electrical)
do _
Electrical machinery
do
Transportation equipment _
do
Automobiles
do __
Aircraft and parts
do
Ship and boat building and repairs__-do
Railroad equipment
do
Instruments and related products
_do
"Miscellaneous mfg. industries
do
Nondurable-goods industries
do
Food and kindred products
do
Meat products.
__ do
Dairy products
__ _
do
Canning and preserving
do
Bakery products
__
do
Beverages
do ...
Tobacco manufactures
__ __ ... do
Textile-mill products
do
Broad-woven fabric mills
do...
Knitting mills
_.„ do ._
Apparel and other finished textile products
hours. .
Men's and boys' suits and coats
do
Men's and boys' furnishings and work
clothing
hours
Women's outerwear
..do
Paper and allied products.
do _
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills— .do
Printing, publishing, and allied industries
hours ._
Newspapers
do
Commercial printing
_ _ do
Chemicals and allied products
do
Industrial organic chemicals
do
Drugs and medicines
do
Paints, pigments, and
fillers
__do
Products of petroleum and coal
-do
Petroleum refining
do
Rubber products
do
Tires and inner tubes
do
Leather and leather products
do .
Footwear (except rubber)
do
Nonmanufacturing industries:
Mining:
Metal..
-hours.Anthracite
do
Bituminous coal.
do
Crude-petroleum and natural-gas production:
Petroleum and natural- gas production
hours.Nonmetallic mining and quarrying
do
Contract construction
do
Nonbuilding construction
do
Building construction
do
Preliminary.
'Revised..
§Total includes State engineering, supervisory, and
tRevised series. See note marked "f" on p. S-ll.
administrative employees not shown separately.
P41.8
P40.6
P37.5
P39.8
P39.3
P40.2
P38.8
P39.9
P41.0
P38.1
P39.4
P38.2
*41.8
P41.0
"36.4
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-13
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION—Continued
LABOR CONDITIONS—Continued
Average weekly hours per worker, etc.f— Continued
Nonmanufacturing industries— Continued
Transportation and public utilities:
Local railways and bus lines
hours - _
Telephone
do
Telegraph
do _.
Gas and electric utilities
do
Trade:
Wholesale trade
- - _-do
Retail trade:
General-merchandise stores
do
Food and liquor
do
Automotive and accessories dealers -do
Service:
Hotels year-round
do
Laundries
_ do_ __
Cleaning and dyeing plants
do
Industrial disputes (strikes and lock-outs) :
Beginning in month:
Work stoppages
- _. number. _
Workers involved
thousands
In effect during month:
Work stoppages
number
Workers involved
__
-thousands. _
Man-days idle during month
do
Percent of available working time
U. S. Employment Service placement activities:
Nonagricultural placements _ _ .thousands..
Unemployment compensation (Soc. Sec. Admin.) :
Initial claims
thousands
Continued claims
do
Benefit payments:
Beneficiaries, weekly average
_. do ___
\mount of payments
thous. of dol
Veterans' unemployment allowances:
Initial claims
thousands. .
Continued claims
do
Claims filed during last week of month. _ -do ...
Amount of payments
.thous. of dol__
Labor turn-over in manufacturing establishments:
Accession rate. . _ monthly rate per 100 employees. .
Separation rate, total
_
thousands _
Discharges
do
Lay-offs
do
Quits
do
Military and miscellaneous
_ do
45.7
39.5
44.4
41.7
45.6
39.4
44.4
41.7
40.9
40.9
36.0
40.0
45.4
35.8
39.8
45.2
44.1
41.5
41.0
44.2
41.7
40.7
256
110
468
194
2,060
.3
44.9
38.6
45.2
41.3
46.0
38.4
45.0
41.3
45.1
38.5
45.4
41.3
44.8
38.4
45.1
Ml. 4
40.6
40.7
40.6
MO. 8
'40.9
40.8
36.6
40.0
45.7
36.3
39.7
45.8
36.8
40.4
45.5
r
37.2
41.1
«• 45.6
'37.2
41.1
r
45. 7
36.4
40.2
45.5
44.2
41.8
42.4
44.7
42.4
42.7
44.1
41.6
42.3
44.1
41.5
'41.0
44.1
40.8
'39.2
43.9
41.2
41.6
275
500
400
175
450
250
375
575
300
110
375
150
275
510
P250
P600
400
540
3,600
.5
500
225
1,800
.3
600
320
3,200
.5
550
660
4,600
.6
525
225
2,100
.3
550
250
2,000
.3
6,350
475
610
M25
p 1, 000
p 19, 000
»2. 7
45.1
38.4
44.3
41.8
45.1
38.6
44.5
41.4
41.0
40.8
40.5
40.6
37.5
40.2
45.4
36.5
39.8
45.4
36.3
40.0
45.5
36.1
39.7
45.7
44.2
42.0
41.2
44.1
42.1
40.9
44.0
41.5
40.0
44.5
41.5
40.5
216
111
144
41
225
70
225
80
388
189
1,910
.3
283
93
713
.1
400
110
800
.1
350
120
650
.1
45.9
38.7
44.1
41.8
45.2
38.3
44.7
41.5
45.2
38.2
45.3
41.3
44.4
38.6
44.5
41.4
.9
492
422
339
308
276
327
363
403
400
369
452
466
416
724
3,306
956
3,953
1,323
5,175
1,554
6,544
1,300
7,111
1,458
8,754
1,800
7,886
1,662
8,366
1,522
8,778
1,383
7,467
1,252
8, 353
1,013
7,084
1,353
6,660
659
55, 435
731
62, 151
939
79, 966
1,213
103,011
1,468
115, 268
1,786
152, 204
1,598
136, 558
1,718
146, 712
1,809
154, 695
1,717
148, 767
1,955
170, 629
1, 744
154, 079
P 1, 527
* 135, 707
192
1,017
239
19, 258
256
1,124
259
20, 088
383
1,578
355
27, 997
450
2,206
571
39, 849
372
2,551
647
47, 103
376
3,130
678
60, 766
299
2,608
624
50, 423
331
2,358
553
44, 618
446
2,486
548
45, 797
279
2,569
606
48, 939
52
936
219
24, 135
31
385
95
8,775
31
265
64
4.5
4.5
.4
1.2
2.8
.1
3.9
4.1
.4
1.4
2.2
.1
2.7
4.3
.3
2.2
1.7
.1
3.2
4.6
.3
2.5
1.7
.1
2.9
4.1
.3
2.3
1.4
.1
3.0
4.8
.3
2.8
1.6
.1
2.9
4.8
.2
2.8
1.7
.1
3.5
5.2
.2
3.3
1.6
.1
4.4
4.3
.2
2.5
1.5
.1
3.5
3.8
.2
2.1
1.4
.1
4.4
4.0
.3
1.8
1.8
.1
4.2
4.2
.2
1.7
2.2
.1
55.60
59.50
59.28
55.60
59.11
59.50
56.14
59.67
58.62
55.50
58.83
58.08
55.20
58.49
59.22
54.74
57.83
57.90
53.80
57.21
54.13
54.08
57.21
59.32
54.51
57.82
58.72
54.63
57. 31
59.64
54.66
r 57. 70
58.52
' 55. 72
••58.80
v 55. 26
P 58. 11
54.01
54.56
50.92
56.01
56.92
64.51
52.53
52.52
50.02
55.18
55.91
64.08
51.13
51.24
50.76
55.72
57.45
64.12
49.82
50.59
48.34
54.50
57.30
63.72
48.03
48.73
- 48.99
55.02
58.53
63.16
50.21
50.85
48.87
54.18
56.97
61.70
51.52
52.29
47.60
53.37
55.39
60.83
52.94
53.76
47.59
53.90
56.81
60.08
52.91
53.56
48.36
53.58
55.98
59.82
' 50. 75
51.25
47.86
52.94
' 55. 22
' 58. 63
' 52. 91
' 53. 36
'r 49. 73
54. 17
' 56. 08
59.48
' 52. 79
p 54. 17
66.66
66.16
65.87
66.24
65.64
64.90
64.69
63.24
62.21
'59.88
' 61. 33
62.31
61.08
59.95
61.01
61.91
61.16
61.09
61.95
61.05
60.71
r
r
5,462
WAGES
Average weekly earnings (U. S. Department of
Labor) :f
All manufacturing industries.
dollars. .
Durable-goods industries
do
Ordnance and accessories
.
_.do
Lumber and wood products (except furniture)
dollars _
Sawmills and planing mills
do
Furniture and
fixtures
do
Stone clay, and glass products
do .
Glass and glass products
.do
Primary metal industries
do
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling
mills
dollars..
Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous
metals
- dollar s..
Fabricated metal prod, (except ordnance, machinery, transportation equipment) . dollars. .
Heating apparatus (except electrical) and
plumbers' supplies
dollars _
Machinery (except electrical)
do
Electrical machinery. __ .
do ..
Transportation equipment _
..do
Automobiles
do
Aircraft and parts . .
__do
Ship and boat building and repairs do
Railroad equipment
do
Instruments and related products _ do
Miscellaneous mfg. industries
__do
59.00
r
57. 61
r 57. 99
59.20
59. 10
59.57
58.23
57.72
57.35
56.19
56.67
57.39
r
60.82
62. 43
57.93
64.85
65.75
64.40
60.61
63.92
54.49
51.05
59.36
62.02
57.91
64.27
65.22
65.04
56.11
64.51
54.90
51.33
59.58
62.80
58.10
66.21
66.82
64.79
63.34
68.89
55.24
51.78
55.97
61.72
57.01
66.23
67.74
63.18
63.30
66.50
55.36
50.77
54.94
61.57
57.02
65.79
66.91
64.52
61.99
65.53
55.28
50.86
55.57
60.85
56.50
63.19
62.96
63.41
62.98
64.76
55.18
50.17
53.99
59.55
55.59
63.58
64.77
60.99
62.50
62.42
54.51
48.95
54.61
59.70
55.99
63.03
63.22
62.98
61.61
63.39
54.83
48.83
54.72
59.94
56. 16
65. 49
66.94
62.94
62.82
62.71
54.61
49.72
' 54. 85
59.71
56.00
66.27
68.67
'r 62. 08
61. 94
r
60. 32
54. 37
' 48. 75
50.91
Nondurable-goods industries
. do
51.63
51.84
52.29
53.25
53.84
Food and kindred products
do
56.91
Meat products
do
60.19
61.52
53.42
53.39
Dairy products
do
53.37
Canning and preserving
_ __ do
45.16
39.41
42.45
Bakery products
do
50.67
50.24
50.74
61.24
Beverages
do
64.33
6?. 34
37.94
Tobacco manufactures
_.do
37.07
37.50
Textile-mill products
do
45.25
45.49
45.93
Broad-woven fabric mills
do
45.58
45.81
46.13
42.29
Knitting mills
do
41.65
42.48
'Revised.
p Preliminary.
tRevised series. See note marked "t" on p. S-ll.
r
51.35
53.62
59.59
54.34
42.61
49.82
60.90
35.69
44.89
44.79
40.88
51.33
53.07
55.70
54.59
43.89
51.28
61.54
34.94
45.01
44.83
41.09
51.07
52.80
55.25
53.77
42.89
50.34
62.75
36.21
44.19
43. 28
41.39
49.67
52.33
54.98
54.10
43.07
51.07
62.29
35.15
42.20
41.08
39.87
50.41
53.44
56.17
54.47
43.65
51.61
64.54
36.27
41.91
40.52
40.07
50.97
53. 62
55.87
55.23
42.63
52.29
65.59
38.57
42.98
42.09
40.73
' 51. 55
54.69
58.02
55.71
43. 59
52.62
68.79
r
38. 19
' 43. 26
' 42. 87
40.44
' 59. 76
r
53.36
51.01
' 54. 83
56.04
'60.62
P60.18
p 51. 41
"55.83
p 58. 69
59.24
58.39
' 58. 85
P 58. 27
r
58.42
56. 57
59.82
60.68
' 56. 92 ' 57. 92
' 65. 24 ' 67. 21
69.41
* 67. 91
r
58. 75
63.46
60.96
' 60. 21
61.40
-61.89
' 54. 21 ' 55. 00
' 48. 76 ' 50. 75
51.31
r 52. 96
r
56. 87
r 54. 77
r
52. 46
' 53. 50
57.37
55.23
44.67
r 44. 15
r
r
51. 79
66. 44
' 38. 58
r
44.37
44. 41
41.11
p 60. 40
p 57. 89
p 64. 10
p 56. 02
P51.41
P 52. 26
p 53. 46
52.71
r
64.60
38. 39
' 45. 86
45.82
42.15
p 37. 76
P 46. 93
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-14
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION—Continued
WAGES — Continued
Average weekly earnings t— Continued
All manufacturing industries— Continued
Nondurable-goods industries— Continued
Apparel and other finished textile products
dollars _ _
Men's and boys' suits and coats___ __do
Men's and boys' furnishings and work
clothing
dollars
Women's outerwear
do
Paper and allied products
__do
Pulp paper and paperboard mills do
Printing, publishing, and allied industries
dollars. .
Newspapers
do
Commercial printing
_ do
Chemicals and allied products
do
Industrial organic chemicals
do
Drugs and medicines
do
Paints pigments and
fillers
do
Products of petroleum and coal
do
Petroleum refining
_ _ __ _ . do
Rubber products
do
Tires and inner tubes
do
Leather and leather products. _ _.
do ..
Footwear (except rubber)
do
Nonmanufacturing industries:
Mining:
Metal
do
Anthracite
__do__
Bituminous coal
do
Crude-petroleum and natural-gas production:
Petroleum and natural-gas production
dollars
Nonmetalic mining and quarrying
do
Contract construction
do
Nonbuilding construction
do
Building construction
do
Transportation and public utilities:
Local railways and bus lines
do
Telephone
do__
Telegraph
do
Gas and electric utilities
do
Trade:
Wholesale trade
do
Retail trade:
General-merchandise stores
do
Food and liquor
do
Automotive and accessories dealers _do_ __
Finance:
Banks and trust companies
. do__
Service:
Hotels year-round
_ __
do
Laundries
do
Cleaning and dyeing plants
do
Average hourly earnings (U. S. Department of
Labor) :f
All manufacturing industries __
dollars. .
Durable-goods industries
do
Ordnance and accessories
do
Lumber and wood products (except furniture)
dollars
Sawmills and planing mills
. . . . do. . Furniture and
fixtures
do
Stone, clay, and glass products.
do
Glass and glass products
do
Primary metal industries
do
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills
dollars. .
Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous
metals __
__dollars..
Fabricated metal prod, (except ordnance, machinery, transportation equipment) .dollars. _
Heating apparatus (except electrical) and
plumbers' supplies
dollars
Machinery (except electrical)
do
Electrical machinery
do .
Transportation equipment
do
Automobiles
_
do
Aircraft and parts
do
Ship and boat building and repairs do
Railroad equipment
_
do
Instruments and related products
do
Miscellaneous mfg industries
do
41.48
46.68
43.24
48.03
42.95
48.01
43.10
48.07
43.87
49.42
43.41
50.13
39.53
46.30
39.94
46.00
40.11
43.86
32.99
48.15
56.84
61.41
33.02
52.98
57.27
61.94
32.50
52.52
56.66
60.79
32.05
53.81
55.54
59.91
32.89
53.84
54.84
58.72
33.82
51.68
54.45
58.17
32.49
45.42
53.48
57.35
33.36
45.61
53.73
57.58
32.76
46.33
54.54
57.95
67.76
76.15
66.90
57.56
59.23
55.51
60.07
73.15
76.13
58.96
64.50
41.50
39.15
68.36
76.76
67. 37
57.92
59.93
56.24
59.32
72.60
75.92
58.20
62.66
40.88
37.87
69.30
79.39
68.58
58.35
60.05
56.36
59.14
71.59
75.02
57.67
61.20
42.41
40.22
67.59
74.83
67.77
57.70
59.36
56.45
58.45
73.29
77.02
56.89
60.72
42.30
40.63
68.32
75.65
67.91
57.81
60.37
56.52
58.97
70.82
73.89
56.55
60.99
42.83
41.07
69.56
76.72
69.26
57.51
59.69
56.37
58.81
70.92
74.00
55.43
61.50
42.56
40.96
69.39
78.43
68.42
57.45
59.17
55.78
59.92
71.26
73.95
55.50
60.92
40.74
38. 68
70.40
80.02
69.51
58.20
60.09
56.68
59.22
72.12
75.21
57.08
63.20
40.05
37.37
70.47
78.73
70.80
59.08
60.56
56.28
59.90
71.84
74.73
58 29
64.09
41.46
39.24
64.09
73.68
76.24
64.02
60.89
72.73
65.36
63.27
76.28
64.75
67.39
76.32
64.74
47.97
73.56
66.16
46. 15
70.54
64.71
56.82
72.33
63.72
63.63
72.98
60.53
45.28
59.90
68.28
58.68
70.51
70.40
70.59
68.82
57.05
68.28
65.31
69.39
69.52
56.79
71.65
69.64
72.33
73.32
54.91
70.14
67.54
70.88
70.37
54.36
69.96
68.06
70.53
69.54
54.40
69.22
67.25
69.83
70.30
56.38
69.86
68.47
70.33
71 78
58. 17
71.70
71 42
71.81
63.29
49.85
61.32
62. 38
63.25
51.42
61.41
62.38
63.85
49.85
61.17
62.41
63.82
49.84
61.58
63.08
64.18
50.84
61.94
62.60
64.18
50.82
62.31
62.54
64.64
50.58
63.37
62.82
64.48
51.84
63.69
63.40
'r 41. 83
44. 99
33.03
48. 51
'r 55. 57
59. 65
32.72
'r 50. 21
56. 40
' 60. 65
»• 70. 45
r
78. 02
'r 70. 05
59. 44
r
61.50
56.40
59.31
73.59
76.60
58.37
64.45
'41.74
r
39. 93
' 70. 72
' 77. 87
r
69. 74
' 58. 73
60.64
r
56. 18
r
59. 51
' 72. 22
r
74. 90
r
57. 61
' 62. 01
' 42. 11
r
40. 15
r
' 58. 75
66. 08
r 47. 94
r
r
' 58. 15
42. 85
49. 54
58 67
59.62
52.99
70 59
57.82
71.41
71 34
71.44
r
72. 54
' 56. 77
71.55
72.20
71.28
r
70. 78
' 57. 72
72. 15
' 72. 61
' 71. 96
72 48
56.68
70.67
70 81
70.62
66.01
51.46
62.96
63.64
r
r
64. 69
51.61
63.64
63. 92
64 65
52.65
62 83
64 75
r
65. 21
51.90
63.97
r 64. 02
44. 06
48.00
33 93
53. 09
57.72
61.19
r
71. 96
80 33
70.25
r
59. 39
r
62. 17
56.88
60 76
' 74. 31
76.91
60 93
70.03
' 41. 92
39 64
r
T
56.28
56.48
56.87
57.24
56.82
56.88
57.12
57 83
57 49
' 58. 18
r
57. 51
57 49
33.19
47.52
57.11
32.86
47.84
57.22
34. 46
48.48
57.07
34.42
49.07
57.25
34.01
49.12
57.15
33.68
48.87
58.18
34.26
49.08
59.50
34.85
48.99
60.00
35.62
50.26
59.70
' 35. 86
r
51.13
r
59. 83
r
r
r
35. 75
51. 21
59. 68
35.24
50 53
59.51
41.90
42.19
42.04
43.92
43. 55
43.24
43.49
44.05
43.10
r
43. 80
r
43. 24
43 80
r
r
T
32. 90
35. 03
40 43
32.94
'T 34. 31
38 49
32 79
34.77
41 56
32.06
34.20
40.51
32.35
34.74
39.76
32.35
34.99
40.62
32.41
35.49
40.37
32.47
34.90
39.32
32.53
35.07
39. 93
32. 35
35.24
42. 15
32.99
36.04
43 17
32.85
35.32
42 17
1.390
1.462
1.408
.397
.463
.420
1.400
1.466
1.416
1.405
1.467
1.420
1.401
1.466
1.434
1.400
1 464
1.462
1.401
1.467
1.475
1.401
1 467
1.472
1.405
1 475
1.479
1.408
1 477
1.480
1.286
1.293
1.224
1.353
1.416
1.589
.275
.281
.229
.359
.441
1.590
1.247
1.256
1.232
1.359
1.447
1.591
1.224
1.240
1.227
1.359
1.458
1.593
1.216
1.240
1.231
1.362
1.467
1.587
1.246
1.265
1.234
1.358
1.457
1.582
1.272
1.288
1.230
1. 358
1.450
1.584
1 288
1.308
1.236
1.361
1.453
1 581
1 300
1.316
1.240
1.360
1.439
1 591
' 1. 288
1.304
1.240
1.368
r
1.
457
T
1 589
1.654
1.654
1.655
1.656
1.645
1. 643
1.642
1.634
1.650
••1.645
'1.631
1.675
1.479
1.484
1.488
1.510
1.499
1.490
1.500
1.500
1.499
r
' 1. 448
1.467
1.451
1.452
1.453
1.452
1.454
1.452
1. 452
1.453
1.464
'1.466
1.468
1.475
1.487
1.519
1.441
1.650
1.686
1. 563
1.625
1.602
1.369
1.245
1.484
1.520
1.437
1.648
1.681
1.571
1.617
1.625
1.376
1.252
1.482
1.528
1.438
1.651
1.683
1.565
1.624
1.660
1.381
1.263
1.469
1.524
1.436
1.660
1.702
1.560
1.623
1.630
1.384
1.263
1.477
1.524
1.440
1.653
1.694
1.566
1.610
1.610
1.389
1.262
478
.525
1 475
1. 523
1.444
1.643
1.678
1.548
1.636
1.617
1.387
1.255
1 472
1.523
1 443
1.650
.695
.555
.617
.388
252
1 467
1.529
1 440
1.658
1 699
1.554
1 636
1.608
1.393
1 262
1.455
1. 530
1.447
1.661
1.704
1. 607
1 613
1 . 600
1.394
1 250
r i 458
1 530
' 1 452
'1.660
' 1 702
r
1.565
r
1 610
r
1 616
' 1. 390
r
1 244
1 479
' 1 538
1 448
' 1. 676
1 718
1.603
1 617
1 620
'1.396
' 1 253
1.327
1.292
1.389
1.213
1.158
1.218
1.515
.986
1.197
1.188
1.145
1.323
1.285
1.352
1.213
1.149
1.218
1.527
.987
1.194
1.186
1.132
1.321
1 289
1.378
1 213
1.180
1.216
1.523
1.013
1.182
1.167
1.136
1.323
1 294
1.380
1 205
1.167
1.226
1.544
1.016
1.184
1.171
1.135
1.324
1 289
1.383
1 206
1.113
1.239
1.558
1.015
1.184
1.179
1.125
1.302
1.317
1.319
Nondurable-goods industries _
do
1.274
1.285
1.251
Food and kindred products
do
1.403
1.395
1.355
Meat products
do. ..
1.194
1.189
1 187
Dairy products
do
1.107
1.163
1.149
Canning and preserving
do
1.211
1.195
1.199
Bakery products
_
-do
1.513
1.490
1.528
Beverages
do__ .
.951
.978
.979
Tobacco manufactures
do
1.196
1.194
1.197
Textile-mill products
do
1.193
1.192
1.190
Broad-woven fabric mills
do
1.145
1.141
1.140
Knitting mills
do
p Preliminary.
fRevised series. See note marked "t" on p. S-ll.
' Revised.
f
'41.03
' 44. 93
445
.637
.670
.558
619
.623
.390
248
.323
291
.371
211
.153
1.216
1.538
1.003
1.188
1.176
1.134
617
r
r
r
T
r
1. 489
' 1. 332
1 296
1.388
1 219
1.098
1.247
1.611
'r 1. 021
1 182
' 1. 181
1.114
T
r
r
r
r
1.398
1 472
1.474
r
1 300
1.311
1.228
1. 368
1. 438
1.582
' 297
1.407
481
'
r
r
* 42. 52
P 58. 31
p 70. 82
* 59. 61
P 73 84
P 41. 46
v 1 392
P i 460
483 p 1 486
v 1 299
311
235
p 1 230
p 1. 375
1. 381
1 467
' 1 608 9 1 565
p 1. 464
P 1 537
v l 440
P 1. 652
p 1. 404
p 1 254
1 319
' 1 328 P 1 323
' 1 270 r 1 283
p 1 285
' 1 387 1 389
r I 217
1 °44
1.082
1 114
' 1 245 1 255
r
1.601
1 595
.997
.987
P. 991
r I IgS
1 180
P 1 191
1 181
1 190
1.111
1.115
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-15
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
v 1. 168
EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION—Continued
WAGES—Continued
Average hourly earnings, etc. f— Continued
All manufacturing industries— Continued
Nondurable-goods industries— Continued
Apparel and other finished textile products
dollars..
Men's and boys' suits and coats
do
Men's _ and boys' furnishings and work
clothing
dollars
Women's outerwear
do
Paper and allied products
do
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills do
Printing, publishing, and allied industries
dollars. _
Newspapers
do
Commercial printing
do
Chemicals and allied products _ _
do
Industrial organic chemicals
do
Drugs and medicines
do
Paints, pigments, and
fillers
do
Products of petroleum and coal
do
Petroleum refining
do
Rubber products
do
Tires and inner tubes
do
Leather and leather products
do
Footwear (except rubber)
do
Nonmanufacturing industries:
Mining:
Metal
do
Anthracite
do
Bituminous coal
do
Crude-petroleum and natural-gas production:
Petroleum and natural-gas production
dollars
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying
do
Contract construction _ _ .
do
Nonbuilding construction
do
Building construction
do
Transportation and public utilities:
Local railways and bus lines
do
Telephone
do
Telegraph
do
Gas and electric utilities
do
Trade:
Wholesale trade
.
do
Retail trade:
General-merchandise stores
do
Food and liquor
do
Automotive and accessories dealers do
Service:
Hotels, year-round
do
Laundries
do
Cleaning and dyeing plants
do
Miscellaneous wage data:
Construction wage rates (E. N. R.):§
Common labor
dol. per hr_,
Skilled labor _
do
Farm wage rates, without board or room (quarterly) *
_
dol per hr
Railway wages (average class I)
do
Road-building wages common labor
do
1.185
1.353
1.201
1.353
1.203
1.360
1.221
1.358
1.212
1.354
1.196
1.366
1.149
1.342
1.125
1.345
1.133
1.317
" 1. 159
r
" 1.306
1. 175
"1.339
" 1. 194
1.352
.919
1.477
1.328
1.402
.930
1. 505
1. 335
1.411
.934
1.492
1.330
1.404
.937
1.533
1.335
1.403
.924
1.504
1.331
1.398
.929
1.460
1.328
1.395
.923
1.360
1.327
1.392
.924
1. 303
1.330
1.401
.915
1.339
1.340
1.410
.915
'1.431
' 1. 352
" 1. 427
.899'
'1.468
"1.346
' 1. 417
.917
1. 483
"1.355
1.423
1.742
2.020
1.681
1.377
1.477
1.364
1.420
1.767
1.866
1.504
1.734
1.140
1.106
1.744
2.036
1.680
1.389
1.487
1.375
1.426
1.797
1.898
1. 504
1.731
1.145
1.104
1.750
2.062
1.685
1. 396
1.490
1.368
1.432
1.772
1.857
1.498
1.719
1.143
1.102
1.751
2.028
1.690
1.404
.499
.387
.429
.779
.856
.501
.720
.137
101
1.770
2.039
1.715
1.410
1.513
1.392
1.449
1.775
1.852
1.500
1.723
1.136
1.101
1.802
2.068
1.749
1.406
1.515
1.385
1.452
1.773
1.850
1.498
1.718
1.135
1.101
1.807
2. 086
1. 741
1.415
1.525
1.391
1.458
1.777
1.858
1.504
1.721
1.138
1.102
1.819
2.117
1.751
1. 430
1.533
1.403
1. 455
1.772
1.857
1.514
1.741
1.141
1.099
1.821
2.105
1.770
1.448
1.545
1.400
1.454
1.787
1.873
1.526
1.751
1.136
1.090
" 1. 825
' 2. 103
" 1. 760
"•1.464
' 1. 565
1.410
1.450
1.808
1.896
1.520
1.761
f
1. 128
r
1. 085
' 1. 837
" 2. 116
1.761
" 1. 450
1.547
" 1. 408
" 1.448
1.792
1.882
r
1. 508
" 1. 732
1.129
"1.091
1.845
2.142
1. 765
1.438
1.562
1.408
1.464
1.808
1.899
1.512
1.791
' 1. 139
r
1. 101
1.508
1.904
1.945
1.510
1.823
1.955
1.520
1.861
1.956
1.538
1.872
1.947
1.527
1.838
1.941
1.528
1.846
1.938
1.519
1.857
1.934
1.510
1.866
1.946
1.491
1.935
1.951
" 1. 491
' 1. 888
' 1. 910
' 1. 476
r
1. 831
" 1. 898
1.489
1.864
1.941
1 720
1.284
1.826
1 672
1.892
1 738
1.285
1.840
1 671
1.906
1.738
1.282
1.862
1 712
1.915
1 784
1.286
1.869
1 710
1.918
1.768
1.285
1.877
1 714
1.930
1.756
1.280
1.875
1 703
1.933
1.762
1.302
1.872
1 709
1.934
1.768
1.313
1.864
1 712
1.930
1.778
1.320
1.856
1 704
1.924
r
1.856
1.712
1.922
T
1. 765
"1.303
" 1. 862
T
1. 713
"1.932
1.794
1.303
1.874
1.726
1.938
1 385
1.262
1.381
1 496
1 387
1.305
1.383
1 496
1 391
1.288
1.387
1 493
1 415
1.298
1.390
1 509
1.423
1.317
1.392
1.512
1.420
1.327
1.394
1.507
1 430
1.324
1.399
1 521
1.436
1.343
1.409
1.535
1.435
1.340
1.399
1.541
1.446
1.348
1.409
1. 550
' 1. 444
1.344
1.411
" 1. 544
1.456
1.364
1.412
1.564
1.376
1.381
1.387
1.403
1.403
1.401
1.407
1.421
1.416
" 1. 426
1.406
1.409
922
1.188
1.258
918
1.202
1.266
919
1.206
1.257
943
1. 233
1.261
.937
1.228
1.256
.933
1.231
1.273
936
1.227
1.302
.960
1.234
1.310
.968
1.244
1.312
r.964
1. 244
r
1.312
".961
" 1. 246
" 1. 306
.968
1.257
1.308
.727
824
.988
.732
833
977
.732
833
.986
.735
843
.987
.738
.841
.983
.731
.845
.986
.732
.843
.994
.738
.850
1.011
.745
849
.997
••.746
.844
r
.986
.747
'. 841
".982
.747
.844
.939
1.413
2.332
1.413
2.343
1.413
2.347
1.417
2.353
1.417
2.353
1.424
2.376
1.424
2.378
1.431
2.384
1.441
2.394
1.465
2.412
1.470
2.434
1.478
2.453
.71
1.314
1.08
1 341
1.338
.77
1.352
1.00
1.370
1.337
.71
1.380
1 06
1.389
1.375
.74
1.392
1.16
1.373
1.565
204
249
195
219
194
211
189
230
207
265
0)
0)
0)
0)
261
2590
1,791
951
890
62
281
2
559
88,536
36, 070
52,466
90,266
37,191
53,075
90, 792
36, 334
54, 458
44,192
18, 225
531
17,524
23,362
44,192
18, 036
16, 512
1,175
23, 273
56.6
44,323
18,415
109
18,010
23,350
44,323
18,173
15,947
"771
23,278
56.3
43, 513
17, 860
283
17, 316
23,320
43, 513
17, 632
15, 850
"615
23, 247
57.0
1. 800
"1.308
r
r
v L 353
v 1. 854
P 1. 426
* 1. 801
v 1. 139
1.478
r 2. 458
.71
1.17
FINANCE
BANKING
Acceptances and commercial paper outstanding:
Bankers' acceptances.
.mil. of doL.
Commercial paper
_
.do
Agricultural loans outstanding of agencies supervised by the Farm Credit Administration:
Total
_
.mil. ofdoL.
Farm mortgage loans, total
do
Federal land banks
do
Land Bank Commissioner
...do
Loans to cooperatives
do
Short-term credit
__do
221
285
301
480
239
287
259
269
314
449
1,677
932
857
75
311
435
262
299
444
228
268
215
257
466
1,710
936
866
70
270
504
198
199
1,786
946
880
65
250
2591
(0
0)
0)
0)
258
2600
88,353
94, 080
80,180
98, 335
98, 276
Bank debits, total (141 centers)
..do
91, 569
109, 908
95, 582
36, 467
42,890
34, 754
46,194
31,982
39,698
New York City
do
38, 429
38,169
55,386
51,886
63, 714
55,651
Outside New York City
_
do
56,815
48,198
58, 637
57,413
Federal Reserve banks, condition, end of month:
44, 937
45, 502
48,585
50, 043
48, 448
48, 051
Assets, total
mil. of dol-49, 514
49, 803
19,239
22,855
19,696
23,875
23, 881
22, 914
22, 267
Reserve bank credit outstanding, total...do
24,097
317
103
Discounts and advances
do
456
339
337
223
251
246
18,529
19, 343
United States Government securities. _ .do
23, 042
23, 333
22,109
22, 342
23, 209
21,688
23, 285
23, 245
Gold certificate reserves..
do
23, 025
23,045
22, 726
22,889
22, 966
23.077
44, —
45, 502
Liabilities, total
do
48, 585
48; 051
49, 514
49, 803
50, 043
48,448
22, 235
Deposits, total
do
22, 420
22, 427
22, 791
22, 248
19, 246
21, 754
17, 437
Member-bank reserve balances
do
19, 736
19, 894
20, 479
19, 540
19, 617
17, 867
19,118
752
Excess reserves (estimated)..
...do
742
809
1,202
477
808
686
948
23, 305
23,373
Federal Reserve notes in circulation
do
24, 062
23, 528
23,383
24,172
24,161
23,609
55.1
Reserve ratio
percent..
54.5
49.1
50.2
50.4
51.1
48.9
48.9
r
Revised.
*> Preliminary.
1
Beginning July 1,1948, farm mortgage loan data are reported quarterly.
2
In accordance with Public Law 38,81st Congress, the Regional Agricultural Credit Corporation of Washington, D. C., was dissolved and as of April 16,1949, its
Farmers Home Administration.
{Revised series. See note marked "f" on p. S-ll.
§Rate as of December 1,1949: Common labor, $1.478; skilled labor, $2.462.
*New series. Comparable data prior to January 1948 are not available.
215
278
0)
0)
306
2506
assets were transferred to the
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948]
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
FINANCE—Continued
BANKING— Continued
Federal Reserve weekly reporting member banks,
condition, Wednesday nearest end of month:
Deposits-.
Demand, adjusted
. mil. of dol
Demand, except interbank:
Individuals, partnerships, and corporations
mil. of dol_ .
States and political subdivisions
do
United States Government
do
Time, except interbank, total
do _ . _
Individuals, partnerships, and corporations
mil. of doL.
States and political subdivisions
do
Interbank (demand and time)
do
Investments, total
do
U. S. Government obligations, direct and
guaranteed, total
_ _ .mil. of dol
Bills
_
-do
Certificates
do
Bonds and guaranteed obligations
do
Notes
_
_.do
Other securities
do
Loans, total
_ __
_ do
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural. do
To brokers and dealers in securities
_ do _.
Other loans for purchasing or carrying securities
mil. of doL .
Real -estate loans
do
Loans of banks
do _
Other loans
,_do
Money and interest rates :d"
Bank rates to customers:!
In New York City
percent
In 7 other northern and eastern c'ties
do
In 11 southern and western cities
do
Discount rate (N Y F R Bank)
do
Federal land bank loans
do _
Federal intermediate credit bank loans
do
Open market rates, New York City:
Acceptances, prime, bankers', 90 days
do
Commercial paper, prime, 4-6 months
do
Time loans, 90 days (N. Y. S. E.) - - do _.
Call loans, renewal (N. Y. S. E)
do
Yield on U. S. Govt. securities:
3-month bills
do
3-5 year taxable issues
do
Savings deposits, balance to credit of depositors:
New York State savings banks
mil. of doLU. S postal savings
do _ _
46, 607
47, 341
47, 794
46, 945
46, 112
44,909
46, 175
46, 364
16.093
46, 282
46, 737
46, 457
46,860
47, 474
3,299
1,513
14, 944
47, 804
3,292
1,264
14, 796
48, 214
3,282
1,274
15, 028
46, 576
3,408
1,476
15, 087
46,014
3.418
1,706
15, 132
44, 341
3,588
2,095
15, 151
45, 737
3, 548
1, 188
15, 226
46, 128
3,683
790
15, 283
45, 805
3, 361
1,356
15, 375
45, 685
3,432
1,591
15, 282
46, 416
3,367
2,196
15, 270
46, 465
3,165
2,636
15, 255
46, 867
3,299
2,335
15,228
14,323
536
10, 701
37, 502
14, 238
505
10, 472
37,238
14, 403
540
10, 602
37, 192
14, 419
582
10, 174
37, 452
14, 452
593
10,163
37, 359
14, 458
602
9,364
36, 137
14, 485
648
9,203
36, 945
14, 513
667
9,703
38, 525
14, 596
664
9,526
38, 699
14, 520
641
10, 032
40,637
14, 502
647
" 10, 095
r 42, 288
14,501
632
10, 065
42,064
14,500
605
10, 687
42,360
33, 268
2,378
4.423
24, 794
1,673
4,234
24,730
15, 433
662
33, 075
2,106
4,458
24, 823
1,688
4,163
25, 092
15, 542
974
32. 987
1,807
4,742
24, 594
1, 844
4,205
25, 559
15, 577
1,331
33, 268
1,987
5, 364
24, 890
1,027
4,184
25, 244
15,318
1,297
33, 069
2,000
5,048
24, 992
1,029
4,290
24, 617
15, 147
947
31,750
1,063
4,624
25, 136
927
4,387
25, 034
14, 904
1,548
32, 951
1,827
4,712
25, 458
954
4,354
24, 010
14, 162
1,328
34, 035
2,105
5, 225
25, 734
971
4,490
23,811
13, 476
1,678
34, 149
1, 793
5, 274
26, 132
950
4, 550
23,883
13, 181
1,955
35, 773
2,603
5,716
26, 394
1,060
4,864
23, 159
' 12, 826
1,520
37, 307
' 3, 260
' 6, 392
26, 536
1,119
r
4, 981
«• 23, 491
12, 965
1,609
37, 004
2,608
7,181
26, 091
1,124
5,060
23, 998
13, 384
1,668
37, 401
2,617
7,286
26, 348
1,150
4,959
24, 321
13, 699
1,618
695
4,021
673
4,044
679
4,062
663
4,079
630
4,082
638
4,083
657
4,118
'663
4,143
665
4,185
258
266
263
333
264
273
597
4,246
308
292
638
4,207
218
241
617
4,078
628
4,092
295
3,887
3,893
3,930
3,918
3,837
3, 851
3,863
3,904
3,981
1.50
4.04
2.00
1.50
4.04
2.00
2.34
2 68
3.02
1.50
4.04
2.00
1.50
4.08
2.02
1.50
4.08
2.02
2.42
2 68
3 12
1.50
4.08
2.02
1.50
4.08
2.04
1.50
4.08
2.04
2.35
2.86
3.17
1.50
4.08
2.04
1.19
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.19
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.19
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.19
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.19
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.19
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.19
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.19
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.120
1.71
1.144
1.69
1.154
1.64
1.160
1.59
1.163
1.57
1.162
1.54
1.155
1.53
10, 149
3,342
10, 194
3,336
10, 326
3,330
10, 402
3,334
10, 446
3,333
10, 518
3,327
Total consumer credit, end of month ... mil. of doL.
Instalment credit, total
_
do
Sale credit, total __
...do
Automobile dealers
do
Department stores and mail-order houses
mil. of dol- .
Furniture stores
do
Household-appliance stores
do
Jewelry stores
do
All other retail stores
do
15, 518
8,233
4,239
1,889
15, 739
8,322
4,310
1,922
16,319
8,600
4,528
1,961
15, 748
8,424
4,370
1,965
15, 325
8,339
4,306
1,996
797
687
379
117
812
696
377
127
874
750
387
152
815
704
366
141
778
685
353
130
370
376
404
379
364
356
359
367
373
378
Cash loans total
do -Commercial banks
do
Credit unions
do
Industrial banks
do -Industrial-loan companies
do
Insured repair and modernization loans
mil. of dol- .
Small-loan companies
do
Miscellaneous lenders. _
do
3,994
1,700
4,012
1,701
4,072
1,709
4,054
1,705
4,033
1,695
302
204
304
204
312
204
309
202
308
201
4,065
1,720
4, 113
1 749
4,170
1,788
323
207
333
213
4,253
1,836
4,325
1 866
155
156
160
159
159
161
163
165
167
169
171
735
772
740
780
739
817
737
812
734
806
729
807
726
827
126
131
722
818
127
130
130
727
815
130
'747
851
131
131
132
732
843
133
3,457
2,869
3,557
2,892
3,854
2,902
3,457
2,904
3,169
2,865
3,121
2,816
968
963
963
952
3, 232
2,764
969
3,235
2,739
3 274
2,752
959
969
981
975
222
44
29
24
116
237
46
31
26
134
251
57
37
31
180
236
42
31
26
112
215
44
28
25
109
287
58
36
30
142
278
58
33
29
146
288
60
35
28
135
303
68
38
28
140
233
4,102
207
4,178
4,266
1.50
4.08
2.04
1.50
4.08
2.04
2.32
2 64
3 07
1.50
4.08
2.04
1.50
4.08
2.04
1.19
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.06
1.56
1.63
1.63
1.06
1.44
1.63
1.63
1.06
1.38
1.63
1.63
1.06
1.38
1.63
1.63
1.156
1.49
1.158
1.42
.990
1.26
1.027
1.26
10,550
3,314
10,600
3,294
10, 718
3,277
10, 753
3,266
10, 786
3,248
15, 335
8,429
4,364
2,105
15, 595
8,630
4,917
2,241
15, 843
8,888
4,718
2,386
16, 124
9,123
4,870
2,499
16, 198
9,335
5,010
2,610
756
675
348
124
760
683
351
123
771
704
367
123
774
718
382
124
766
730
405
121
r
4, 049
T
1.062
i 1. 37
1.044
1.38
1
10,830
» 3, 228
10,860
"3, 211
' 16,453 *> 16, 799
' 9, 622 * 9, 893
5,223
* 5, 438
2,761
v 2, 876
p 17, 187
v 10, 171
v 5, 678
v 3, 002
CONSUMER CREDIT
Charge accounts
Single-payment loans
Service credit
_. _
do
- - do - do -
Consumer instalment loans made during the month,
by principal lending institutions:
Commercial banks
mil. of dol- .
Credit unions
do
Industrial banks
__ __ do -Industrial -loan companies ___
do
Small -loan companies
do -
315
203
346
219
781
755
417
121
"818
*>784
"435
P122
P404
*855
J>822
P455
p 123
v 421
f 4, 455
fl 922
p 379
*>235
P172
v 4, 493
p 1 937
P 385
p 239
P172
134
"757
P 855
*>135
*767
P g5g
p 135
972
3 064
2, 799
r
968
P 3 130
P2 808
P 968
P 3 192
p 2 854
P 970
282
59
35
28
155
294
66
37
29
143
P278
p 272
p 59
p 34
p 26
P 134
388
r
357
225
3 123
2,768
4,399
1,897
369
230
r
P65
p 34
p27
v 128
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE
Budget receipts and expenditures:
2,941
4,062
3,675
3,935
6,133
2,199
2,751
2,306
Receipts, total
mil. of dol- 4,928
2,061
4,885
2,917
1,993
2,540
4,014
3,579
5,435
2,101
3,381
1,340
1,945
4,767
Receipts, net
- -- - do
1,946
4 832
1 881
2 479
33
29
38
30
34
36
29
Customs
do
28
28
25
32
33
35
1,583
3,042
2,762
2,690
1,180
5, 100
1,544
1,308
3 819
Income and profits taxes
do 1 209
1 568
3 893
1 060
65
384
134
54
438
168
137
81
410
Employment taxes
do
65
144
404
65
654
702
768
638
720
768
644
656
704
Miscellaneous internal revenue
do
653
749
714
753
130
173
192
111
150
146
244
114
240
All other receipts
do 110
165
101
79
2,815
3,603
2.684
2,968
2,646
3,621
2,748
2,822
4,579
Expenditures, total
-do
3,434
3 585
3 995
3 111
1,112
141
212
122
319
589
178
125
1,570
322
Interest on public debt
...do
125
544
255
555
547
618
528
640
490
614
548
525
Veterans Administration
do _ _
494
522
859
502
957
1,043
930
931
1,017
1,109
1,043
950
1,159
National defense and related activities. . .do
987
1,134
985
959
1,052
920
1,078
1,027
1,283
1,118
1,325
979
2,208
All other exnenditures
do
1,631
1.804
1.607
1. 395
r
Revised, p Preliminary. 1 Beginning September 12, series changed from one to two bond issues (2 percent December 1952-54 and 2J-£ percent March 1956-58). Average for old series for
September is 1.25 percent. <•? For bond yields see p. S-19.
fRevised series. Bank rates to customers have been revised to reflect a change in the reporting form; for the series shown here no revisions were made prior to June 1948.
SUKVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
&-17
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
251, 530
249, 509
217, 676
31, 833
2,021
251, 889
249, 890
217, 975
31, 914
2,000
252, 770
250, 762
217, 986
32, 776
2,009
253, 877
251, 880
218, 831
33, 049
1,996
August
September
October
FINANCE—Continued
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE— Con.
Debt, gross:
Public debt (direct), end of month, total
mil. of doL. 252, 460
Interest-bearing, total
do
250, 300
219, 077
Public issues.
_
.__
__do
31, 223
Special issues
do
Noninterest bearing
do
2,161
Obligations guaranteed by U. S. Government,
52
end of month
mil. of dol..
U. S. savings bonds:
Amount outstanding, end of month
do
54, 908
415
Sales series E, F, and G
do
393
Redemptions- _
do .
252, 506
250, 391
218, 992
31, 400
2,115
252, 800
250, 579
218, 865
31, 714
2,220
252, 620
250, 435
218, 675
31, 760
2,186
252, 721
250, 603
218, 799
31, 804
2,118
251, 642
249, 573
217, 647
31, 926
2,068
256, 680
254, 756
220, 842
33, 914
1,923
256, 778
254 876
221, 066
33 810
1 901
57
55
36
26
24
23
23
27
26
27
29
28
54, 989
419
406
55, 197
540
432
55, 467
647
476
55, 763
599
369
55, 982
590
440
56, 103
454
398
56, 195
433
415
56, 333
485
451
56, 522
511
425
56, 602
449
439
56. 663
398
411
56,729
388
396
Government corporations and credit agencies:
Assets except interagency, total
mil of dol
Loans receivable, total (less reserves)
do
To aid agriculture
do
To aid home owners
do
To aid railroads
do
To aid other industries
do
To aid banks
do
To aid other financial institutions
do
Foreign loans
do
All other
do
Commodities, supplies, and materials do
U S Government securities
do
Other securities __
._
do
Land structures, and equipment
do
All other assets
do
21 718
11, 692
3,632
768
140
310
5
520
6,102
584
627
1,854
3,518
3,060
967
22 324
12, 228
4,209
851
141
337
5
367
6,098
589
674
2,077
3,515
3,048
782
22 232
11, 770
3,847
980
120
364
4
368
6,108
488
1,140
2,004
3,508
2,946
865
Liabilities except interagency, total
Bonds, notes, and debentures:
Guaranteed by the United States
Other
Other liabilities
do
2,666
2,834
2,377
do
do
do
38
964
1,663
23
884
1,927
26
865
1,487
Privately owned interest
U S Government interest
do
do
166
18, 886
170
19, 320
172
19, 682
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, loans and
securities (at cost) outstanding, end of month,
total
.
mil. of dol.
Industrial and commercial enterprises, including
national defense
mil. of dol.
Financial institutions.
do
Railroads, including securities from PWA._do___
States, territories, and political subdivisions _do_._
United Kingdom and Republic of the Philippines
mil. of dol.
Mortgages purchased
.
do .
0 ther loans
do
255, 852
253, 921
220, 563
33 358
1,931
1,213
1,249
1,282
1,323
1,362
1,411
1,465
1,419
1 1, 458
1 1, 522
1 1, 603
1 1, 670
i 1, 737
305
133
141
134
310
132
141
134
321
129
138
134
330
127
138
137
340
126
138
135
349
125
139
138
362
124
138
138
380
123
138
30
384
123
U17
30
399
122
1117
30
416
123
1117
30
434
122
U17
30
443
121
i 117
30
207
259
36
204
292
36
194
331
37
192
363
37
191
395
37
185
438
37
182
483
37
179
531
37
174
592
37
173
643
37
176
703
38
167
762
37
165
824
37
54, 892
49, 778
55, 383
50,265
55, 746
50, 465
55, 984
50, 735
56, 309
50, 995
56, 589
51, 323
56, 872
51, 498
57, 233
51, 921
57, 503
52, 251
57, 768
52, 390
58,082
52, 640
58, 407
52. 903
1,769
903
1 021
49, 030
35 899
17, 453
15 444
8,070
2,835
7,541
718
8 702
829
7,873
1,779
910
1 021
49, 483
36 125
17, 235
15 204
8,289
2,863
7,737
731
8 893
837
8,057
1,788
932
1 013
49, 778
36 191
17, 189
15 151
8,322
2,861
7,818
802
9 009
842
8,167
1,800
947
1,029
49, 999
36 319
17, 134
15 097
8,388
2,856
7,942
711
9 128
855
8, 273
1,809
971
1,061
50, 278
36, 404
17, 005
14, 957
8,467
2.857
8,076
727
9,275
867
8,409
1,822
980
1,070
50, 519
36, 537
16, 792
14, 748
8,585
2,855
8,304
694
9,404
882
8,522
l,83c
995
1,057
50, 763
36, 548
16, 575
14, 529
8,678
2,853
8,442
730
9,532
899
8, 633
1,845
1,007
1,100
51, 073
36, 779
16, 361
14, 324
8.968
2,865
8,585
675
9,687
912
8,775
l,85t
1,028
1.044
51, 292
36, 921
16,133
14, 093
9,082
2,861
8,846
648
9,804
925
8,879
1,87(
1,042
1,008
51,520
36, 883
16, 001
13, 962
9,127
2,855
8,900
702
9,946
935
9,011
1,884
1,045
1,080
51, 789
36, 957 !
15, 972
13, 871
9,145
2,856
8,983
690
10, 092
944
9.147
1.890
1,059
1,095
52, 065
37, 038
15, 891
13, 770
9,189
2, 857
9.101
721
10, 209
955
9,254
1,907
1,077
1,114
1 720
192
378
1,150
75
273
249
11
13
5
8
3
13
1 808
262
370
1,176
78
282
259
109
132
50
93
39
133
2 303
664
321
1,318
85
298
289
133
147
54
107
47
158
1 821
335
357
1,129
86
292
254
103
118
42
87
33
113
1 711
193
375
1,143
78
298
250
99
123
46
97
34
118
2,224
454
433
1,337
89
335
290
124
147
55
111
41
145
1,852
182
414
1,256
84
302
267
122
52
106
41
141
1,861
185
431
1,245
83
294
258
118
141
53
108
43
147
1,890
242
396
1,252
81
289
263
127
135
52
114
45
145
1,657
179
356
1,122
73
26;
235
113
12^
46
91
40
130
1,778
250
381
1,147
69
249
243
116
132
50
108
42
138
1,718
249
384
1,085
67
234
231
112
123
49
101
38
128
1.861
267
416
1, 178
77
277
251
111
137
53
99
40
134
333, 180
131, 229
42, 975
8,81
18,64
80,72
50.79
296, 940
123. 024
46, 076
8,58
24,20
54, 39
40,65
269,380
117, 83/)
38, 10
7,82
17,63
46,23
41.74
326, 028
143, 484
44, 426
8,142
20, 500
58, 889
50,58
285, 303
124, 889
37, 960
8,013
19,25
46, 348
48,83
274, 398
119, 043
37, 318
7,385
19, 998
42,061
48, 593
304, 428
124, 888
42, 636
8,347
20, 868
56, 118
51, 571
267, 451
115,810
34, 227
7,475
19, 970
42, 990
46, 979
286,065
130, 188
35, 505
7,912
18, 739
43, 828
49, 893
276, 238
115, 711
36, 027
7,641
19, 856
47, 329
49, 674
276, 422
121,365
38,565
8,136
20, 078
39,729
48, 54S
LIFE INSURANCE
Assets, admitted:
All companies (Institute of Life Insurance), esti54, 628
mated total
mil. of dol
49, 541
Securities and mortgages
do
49 companies (Life Insurance Association of
' 48, 807
America), total
mil. of dol
35 854
Bonds and stocks, book value total
do
17, 671
Govt. (domestic and foreign) total
do
' T15 669
U S Government
do
7, 949
Public utility
do
2,821
Railroad . .
do
7,415
Other
__.
do
705
Cash
do
Mortgage loans total
do
8 555
823
Farm
.
do .
7,732
Other
do_-_
Policy loans and premium notes
do
Real-estate holdings
do...
Other admitted assets
do
Life Insurance Agency Management Association:
Insurance written (new paid-for-insurance) :
Value estimated total
mil of^<~>!
Group
do
Industrial
do
Ordinary, total
do
New England.__
do
Middle Atlantic
do
East North Central
do
West North Central...
_ do
South Atlantic
_
do
East South Central
. do
West South Central
do
Mountain
_ do
Pacific
do
Institute of Life Insurance:
Payments to policyholders and beneficiaries
estimated total
__ ..thous. of dol
Death claim payments
do
Matured endowments.
do
Disability payments
..
do..
Annuity payments
do..
Policy dividends
do
Surrender values
do..
r
Revised.
i Excludes securities from PWA.
248, 33
110,83
35,29
7,63
18,92
38,30
37. 345
257, 97
118,35
37,64
8,21
18,93
36,68
38.13
14:
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-18
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
FINANCE—Continued
LIFE INSURANCE— Continued
Life Insurance Association of America:
Premium collections, (39 cos.) total. thous. of dol_.
Accident and health
_do_ .
Annuities
do
Group
_
_ _ .- do.- .
Industrial
do
Ordinary
._ do._ _
393, 127
25, 792
42,453
28, 251
62, 415
234, 216
433, 212
26, 456
58,814
29, 905
68, 239
249, 798
622, 752
37, 742
114, 939
44, 759
98,231
327,081
24,004
970
8,337
129, 908
61,103
37, 855
10, 742
6,325
24, 166
99, 659
21,097
75, 321
60, 482
37, 758
10, 897
5,091
24, 244
-45, 945
24, 123
132, 420
60, 208
37, 682
11, 444
4,832
61
6,910
.772
123
4,973
.736
1,419
4,908
.700
581
2,116
.700
1,527
4,500
2,957
1,236
3,400
3,414
1,206
3 600
2,281
28, 176
28, 331
170, 400
25, 700
452, 169
29, 185
54,430
37,036
67, 507
264,011
527, 368
34, 267
67, 864
40, 824
78, 615
305, 798
406, 923
26, 391
47, 377
32, 182
58, 935
242, 038
437, 739
31, 655
46, 497
34, 905
68,541
256, 141
499, 843
32, 955
63,102
34,690
75, 606
293, 490
373, 628
28, 171
14, 316
30, 362
61, 015
239, 764
466, 669
29, 964
52. 865
30,485
76, 015
277, 340
414, 820
31, 116
53, 964
32, 973
63, 806
232, 961
24, 271
24, 290
-2,690 -22, 201
6,399
4,499
52, 333
25, 978
' 58, 358 r 56, 335
37, 456
35, 529
10, 843
10, 766
3,864
3,869
24, 314
-16, 725
5,108
24, 879
r
62, 227
39, 275
11, 994
5,544
24, 332
-17, 741
12,019
25,615
r
60, 755
37,941
11, 442
5,674
24, 342
37, 775
1,612
11,142
63, 109
38,902
11, 635
5,623
24, 466
121, 632
5,483
12,389
24, 608
24, 520
24,602
-19, 936 -208, 540 -154, 799
11,563
6.890
15, 857
268, 936
137, 986
114,002
p 24, 584
-89, 117
2,397
58, 527
39, 307
12, 015
5,529
39,966
11, 421
5,728
12, 569
6,505
6,239
7,306
261
3,278
.708
214
6,444
.715
4,783
2,825
.715
514
12, 190
.715
1,818
10, 237
.715
11, 910
6,824
.715
2,090
6,056
.719
160
5,628
.732
86
7,508
733
976
4 400
2,761
969
4 TOO
2,821
1,298
4 800
2,743
1 246
4 000
3,341
1 499
4 400
3,614
2,198
4 300
2,724
1,735
3 500
2,349
1,196
4,000
2,909
2,167
28, 224
27, 580
27 557
27 439
27 417
27 507
27, 493
27, 394
27, 393
27 412
170,300
25,900
170, 570
26,079
170,200
25, 200
169. 300
25, 100
167, 600
25, 100
167, 500
24, 900
167, 600
25, 000
167, 930 v 167, 900
25, 266 P 24, 900
v 170, 000 P 170, 300 p 171, 500
9 25, 100 P 24, 900 p 24, 900
144, 700
85, 100
57, 300
144, 400
85, 200
57, 000
145, 491
85, 520
57, 520
145 000
85, 400
57, 600
144 200
83,400
57, 800
142 500
81,100
58, 000
142 600
82,400
58, 100
142 600
82,600
58, 200
142, 664 p 143, 000
81.877 r 83, 100
58, 483 P 58, 400
v 144, 900
P 83, 400
P 58, 400
27.9
19.3
27.8
20.8
32.1
21.0
29.3
19.3
27.1
18.6
27.2
19.2
27.6
18.6
28.3
18.5
28.7
18.5
25.5
17.1
28.0
18.6
27.3
18.5
765
685
441
432
9
0
244
79
78
22
56
0
617
309
291
117
0
174
18
308
204
g
195
1
707
519
510
127
69
314
10
188
188
38
146
4
823
675
639
405
0
234
36
148
148
91
53
4
449, 865
27, 817
76, 348
39,000
72, 171
234, 529
435,090
32, 927
50, 965
37, 535
66, 277
247, 386
MONETARY STATISTICS
Gold and silver:
Gold:
Monetary stock, U. S
mil. of dol._
Net release from earmark§
thous. of dol_.
Gold exports
do
Gold imports
_
do_. _
Production reported monthly total t
do
Africa
do
Canada
do
United States i
do
Silver:
Exports
do
Imports
_
do . .
Price at New York
dol per fine oz
Production:
Canadad"
thous. of fine oz
TVIexico
(Jo
United States
do
Money supply:
Currency in circulation
mil of dol
Deposits adjusted, all banks, and currency outside banks, totalQ
mil. of dol
Currency outside banks
do
Deposits, adjusted, total, including U. S. deposits 0
mil of dol
Demand deposits, adjusted, excl. U. S_.do
Time deposits, incl. postal savings
do
Turn-over of demand deposits, except interbank and
U. S. Government, annual rate:
New York City
ratio of debits to deposits
Other leading cities
do
r
29.8
18.7
P 27, 405
P145 400 p 146 600
P 83, 300 p 84, 600
P 58, 400 p 58, 400
PROFITS AND DIVIDENDS (QUARTERLY)
Manufacturing corporations (Federal Reserve):*
Profits after taxes, total (200 cos )
mil. of dol
Durable goods, total (106 cos )
do
Primary metals and products (39) cos ) do
Machinery (27 cos )
do
Automobiles and equipment (15 cos ) do
Nondurable goods, total (94 cos )
do
Food and kindred products (28 cos ) do
Chemicals and allied products (26 cos ) do
Petroleum refining (14 cos )
_- _.do
Dividends, total (200 cos )
do
Durable goods (106 cos )
do
Nondurable goods (94 cos )
do
Electric utilities, profits after taxes (Fed. Res.)
mil of dol
Railways and telephone cos. (see p. S-23).
958
564
240
105
176
394
71
119
141
499
274
225
823
498
220
72
180
325
52
105
119
343
196
146
»751
*491
P163
v 71
P229
J>260
p 54
p88
p92
v 355
P188
P 167
176
206
v 180
SECURITIES ISSUED
Commercial and Financial Chronicle:
Securities issued, by type of security, total (new
capital and refunding)
mil. of dol._
New capital total
do
Domestic, total
. _
do
Corporate
do
Federal agencies
__ _ _
_ do
Municipal, State, etc
do
Foreign
do
Refunding, total _
do
Domestic, total
„
do
Corporate
_ __ .do
Federal agencies
do
Municipal, State, etc
do
983
902
651
378
0
273
251
81
81
19
56
6
666
593
583
433
0
150
10
73
73
16
56
2
831
753
753
627
0
126
o
78
78
3
72
3
690
633
618
419
7
192
15
57
57
1
55
1
500
436
436
231
14
191
o
64
64
7
53
4
695
600
584
383
26
174
16
96
96
39
55
1
949
904
904
681
33
190
757
681
681
295
51
335
45
45
1
44
1
76
76
31
38
7
o
o
1,644
1 550
1 535
1 196
24
315
15
94
94
31
62
1
Securities and Exchange Commission: J
1,895
Estimated gross proceeds, total
do_.
1,426
1,992
1,408
1,395
1,489
2, 327
1,280
1,606
2,672
2 079
1,611
1 667
By type of security:
B onds and notes, total _ . _
do 1,374
1,808
1,910
1,347
1,336
1,314
1,423
1,266
2,268
2,541
1 549
1 562
2 012
345
Corporate
do
704
455
700
273
515
415
308
330
246
113
1 126
105
Common stock.
do
35
31
8
68
65
133
41
60
74
46
35
61
46
5
8
Preferred stock.
do
52
21
14
14
50
82
27
40
57
21
45
By type of issuer:
321
Corporate, total
do
791
507
783
345
411
698
388
475
1 257
173
174
4^1
Industrial _ __
do
211
410
166
231
169
129
117
340
102
251
36
166
47
99
203
231
Public utility
. d o
272
497
120
106
183
281
198
925
138
99
Railroad
do
64
45
75
36
55
18
49
88
51
45
16
41
20
Real estate and
financial
do
45
36
9
20
32
23
59
39
76
34
24
42
6
Noncorporate, total
do
1,104
918
1,209
1,063
958
985
908
1 101
1 415
1 852
1 907
1 437
1 216
U. S. Government
do
825
763
1,080
870
763
792
717
759
1,099
1,606
894
978
1,608
State and municipal
do
279
152
129
193
195
175
190
342
316
245
326
238
198
Foreign governments
do
0
0
0
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
r 0
16
100
Nonprofit
do-._
4
1
1
1
1
1
O)
2
0
0
0)
0)
ro
' Revised.
v Preliminary.
1 Less than $500,000.
§0r increase in earmarked gold (-).
fRevisions for January-May 1948 for United States and total gold production are shown in the August 1949 SURVEY, p. S-18. Revisions for JanuaryJuly 1948 for securities issued (SEC data) are available upon request.
cfRevised data for January-August 1948 are shown in the November 1949 SURVEY.
OU. S. Government deposits at Federal Reserve banks are not included.
*New series on large manufacturing corporations (assets end-of-year 1948, $10,000,000 and over); annual data beginning 1939 and quarterly data beginning 1946 are available upon request.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-19
1948
October
November
1949
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
FINANCE—Continued
SECURITIES ISSUED—Continued
Securities and Exchange Commission:}:— Continued
New corporate security issues:
Estimated net proceeds, total
mil. of doL_
Proposed uses of proceeds:
New money, total __
do
Plant and equipment
do
Working capital
do
Retirement of debt and stock, total. _do
Funded debt
do
Other debt _.
do
Preferred stock
do
Other purposes
do
Proposed uses by major groups:
Industrial, total
do
New money
. do
Retirement of debt and stock
do
Public utility, total
do
New money
do _.
Retirement of debt and stock
do
Railroad, total .
do
New money
_ _ __
do _ _ _
Retirement of debt and stock
do
Real estate and financial, total _
do ...
New money
do
Retirement of debt and stock
do
State and municipal issues (Bond Buyer) :
Long-term
thous. of dol__
Short-term
do _ . _
782
501
336
318
403
688
380
1,244
468
168
171
445
734
559
175
45
23
22
0)
3
463
314
149
34
0
26
8
4
677
586
91
80
7
70
3
14
312
274
38
9
0
7
2
16
220
172
48
32
7
25
0
66
319
253
66
81
37
44
0
3
553
402
151
127
1
126
0
7
340
254
85
33
13
15
5
7
1,074
958
116
161
40
116
4
9
430
393
37
30
18
12
1
8
140
119
21
24
7
17
0
4
118
87
31
40
19
2
20
12
272
229
43
88
58
29
1
84
406
383
21
268
246
22
64
64
0
45
42
2
164
145
16
228
209
18
73
73
0
36
35
0
228
166
50
489
461
27
45
45
0
9
5
2
162
139
9
118
118
0
36
36
0
20
19
(0
128
39
23
104
102
2
54
50
4
32
29
3
114
85
26
179
125
54
87
87
0
23
21
1
336
215
118
276
270
7
17
17
0
58
51
2
100
92
7
192
171
21
49
49
0
39
28
5
207
113
91
916
856
54
45
45
0
76
60
16
249
236
11
136
134
2
51
51
0
33
9
16
46
28
14
97
93
4
20
13
7
6
5
35
27
2
97
54
37
16
16
0
23
22
1
163
118
23
199
108
65
41
41
0
41
5
0
283, 325
43, 138
213, 808
81, 747
131, 720
84, 614
199, 063
126, 809
203, 674
120, 198
171, 704
133, 002
198, 762
110, 200
349, 557
61, 224
324, 825
120, 040
244, 173
67, 450
266
263
381
348
301
337
250
328
395
445
254
357
209
368
173
380
169
552
199
660
216
420
153
371
128
244
580
540
252
551
563
244
349
550
586
257
537
573
247
527
565
225
530
551
254
626
542
329
660
537
355
280
681
528
493
690
530
399
699
548
404
740
584
418
783
586
416
101.40
101.86
71.77
101. 82
102. 28
72.07
101. 80
102. 27
71.82
101.81
102. 27
72.48
102.0
103.0
103.1
102.8
91.8
98.6
96.9
79.9
127.9
103. 29
92.6
98.2
97.7
81.9
129.1
103. 63
93.3
99.0
98.8
82.1
128.6
103. 86
93.7
99.9
99.2
82.0
128.8
103. 90
72, 615
87,224
60, 737
78, 549
47, 468
59,560
51, 480
68, 959
69, 941
84, 074
57, 108
73, 916
44, 469
55, 721
47, 938
64, 706
64,021
31
63, 990
58, 779
5,166
66, 223
52
66, 171
59, 388
6,769
55, 413
61
55, 352
47, 169
8,166
63, 934
12
63, 922
56, 494
7,412
132, 813
131,124
1,436
130, 975
128, 724
2,001
133, 643
131,956
1,432
131, 254
129, 017
1,988
132, 210
130, 535
1,422
129, 874
127, 644
1.981
132, 221
130, 509
1, 458
129, 870
127, 608
2,012
0)
218, 662 'r 332, 957
196,516
105, 586
225, 680
46, 189
COMMODITY MARKETS
Volume of trading in grain futures:
Corn
Wheat .
mil. of bu_.
do
SECURITY MARKETS
Brokers' Balances (N. Y. S. E. Members
Carrying Margin Accounts)
Cash on hand and in banks
Customers' debit balances (net)
Customers' free credit balances Money borrowed
_.
mil of dol
-do _ _ _
do
do
Bonds
Prices:
Average price of all listed bonds (N. Y. S. E.),
100.98
100.56
100.49
100. 45
100.58
100.47
100. 18
99.85
99.79
total §
dollars..
101.45
101.04
101.01
100.93
100.96
100. 93
100.69
100. 30
100.37
Domestic
do
71.40
71.35
72.18
72.20
69.82
70.26
68.41
67.82
68.19
Foreign
__
__do
Standard and Poor's Corporation:
Industrial, utility, and railroad:
100.9
101.0
101.0
100.5
100.7
100.5
98.9
97.9
97.8
High grade (11 bonds)
dol. per $100 bond..
Medium grade:
91.7
91.7
91.9
91.9
92.1
92.7
91.1
90.9
91.9
Composite (12 bonds)
do
98.9
98.0
98.7
97.1
97.0
96.1
94.5
94.7
95.7
Industrial (4 bonds)
do
96.3
95.5
95.6
95.7
93.8
94.7
93.6
93.6
94.4
Public utility (4 bonds)
do 81.2
80.0
81.6
86.4
86.6
83.1
85.1
84.5
85.8
Railroad (4 bonds).
do
127.5
129.0
129.0
128.5
128.8
129.9
124.9
127.8
124.5
Domestic municipal (15 bonds) .
do
101.72
101. 65
101. 62
101.67
101.16
101. 51
100. 89
100. 79
100.69
U. S. Treasury bonds, taxable do _ _ .
Sales:
Total, excluding U. S. Government bonds:
All registered exchanges:
49,004
53, 189
52,009
56,225
50,767
60, 686
63,049
63, 470
57, 711
Market value
thous. of dol__
76, 590
67, 171
80, 637
67, 997
80, 599
70, 080
89, 347
88, 261
78, 581
Face value
do
New York Stock Exchange:
50,459
46, 165
52, 359
47, 431
49, 038
57, 073
60, 152
54, 179
59, 386
Market value
do
72,458
63, 433
75, 821
63, 601
66, 056
75, 419
84, 620
83,409
74, 345
Face value
do
New York Stock Exchange, exclusive of stopped
66, 839
62, 284
64, 257
63, 661
67, 820
69, 725
72, 582
74, 537
78, 063
sales, face value, total§
thous. of dol..
30
202
5
13
21
65
36
U. S. Government
do
137
64, 227
62, 279
66, 836
63, 459
67, 807
69, 660
78, 042
72, 445
74, 501
Other than U. S. Government, total §
do ..
58,
133
54,
953
54,
847
59,
523
55,
150
62,
188
69,
941
69,
115
66, 631
Domestic
_ _ _ _ _
do
6,035
7,350
11, 804
8,043
8,155
7,301
8,018
Foreign
_
__ ___ _ _.do .__
5,713
5,287
Value, issues listed on N. Y. S. E.:
131, 686
132, 029
132, 065
132, 098
131, 863
131, 897
131, 306
131, 234
Market value, total, all issuescf
mil. of dol- _ 130, 945
130, 000
130, 392
130, 368
130, 326
130, 188
129, 304
129,600 129, 660 130, 230
Domestic
do
1,432
1,455
1,452
1, 447
1,426
1,419
1,401
Foreign
_ __
do _
1,390
1,400
130, 402
131,
381
131,
360
131,
272
131,
304
131,
276
131,
226
131,
426
131,
068
Face value, total, all issuescf
do
128, 146
128, 771
128,994 128, 993 129, 027 129, 094 129, 120
128, 923
129, 126
Domestic
do _
2,006
2,016
2,011
2,030
2,028
2,032
2,048
Foreign
do
2,054
2,050
Yields:
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.02
3.12
3.09
Domestic corporate (Moody's)
percent. .
3.11
By ratings:
2.71
2.70
2.71
2.70
2.71
2.71
2.79
2.84
2.84
Aaa_
. .-_ _ _ do ..
2.78
2.79
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
2.92
2.88
2.94
Aa
do
3.04
3.05
3.04
3.05
3.05
3.08
3.16
3.15
3.18
A -_
do
3.47
3.45
3.45
3.45
3.47
3.46
3.53
3.53
Baa
do
3.50
By groups:
2.78
2.78
2.78
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.85
2.89
Industrial
- _ _ do ..
2.90
2.93
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.99
2.99
3.06
Public utility
do
3.09
3.07
3.29
3.26
3.27
3.24
3.27
3.26
3.35
3.36
Railroad
do
3.37
Domestic municipal:
2.20
2.21
2.13
2.21
2.17
2.17
2.20
Bond Buyer (20 cities)
do
2.31
2.41
2.28
2.21
2.20
2.20
2.23
2.15
2.26
Standard and Poor's Corp. (15 bonds)
do
2.45
2.42
2.38
2.38
2.38
2.39
2.38
2.42
2.44
2.45
2.44
U. S. Treasurv bonds, taxable
do
' Revised.
1 Less than $500,000.
^Revisions for January-July 1948 are available upon request.
§Sales figures include bonds of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development not shown separately; these bonds are included also
bonds.
cTTotal includes bonds of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development not shown separately.
2.98
2.92
2.90
2.90
2.67
2.75
3.03
3.46
2.62
2.71
2.96
3.40
2.60
2 69
2.95
3. 37
2.61
2.70
2.94
3.36
2.75
2.89
3.29
2.70
2.86
3.21
2.68
2.84
3.19
2.68
2.83
3.20
2.13
2.26
2.27
2.12
2.20
2.24
2.16
2.22
2.22
2.13
2.21
2. 22
in computing average price of all listed
SUKVEY OF CUERENT BUSINESS
S-20
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December
1948
October
November
1949
December
January
February
March
April
June
May
July
August
September
October
FINANCE—Continued
SECURITY MARKETS— Continued
Stocks
Cash dividend payments publicly reported:
Total dividend payments
_ _ mil. ofdol..
Finance
do
Manufacturing
do
Mining
do
Public utilities:
Communications
_
-do
Heat, light, and power
do
Railroad
do
Trade
do
Miscellaneous
do
Dividend rates, prices, yields, and earnings, 200
common stocks (Moody's) :
Dividends per share, annual rate (200 stocks)
dollars..
Industrial (125 stocks)
_. do
Public utility (25 stocks)
do
Railroad (25 stocks)
do _ _
Bank (15 stocks)
.
do
Insurance (10 stocks)
do
Price per share, end of month (200 stocks). .do
Industrial (125 stocks)
do
Public utility (25 stocks)
-- do _
Railroad (25 stocks)
-do
Yield (200 stocks)-.percent-Industrial (125 stocks)
do
Public utility (25 stocks)
do
Railroad (25 stocks)
__
do__
Bank (15 stocks)
do
Insurance (10 stocks)
do
Earnings per share (at annual rate), quarterly:
Industrial (125 stocks)
dollars
Public utility (25 stocks)
do
Railroad (25 stocks)
do
Dividend yields, preferred stocks, high-grade, 11
stocks (Standard and Poor's Corp.)---percent_.
Prices:
Average price of all listed shares (N. Y. S. E.)
Dec. 31, 1924=100-.
Dow-Jones & Co., Inc. (65 stocks) dol. per share. _
Industrial (30 stocks)
do
Public utility (15 stocks) .
.
-._ do
Railroad (20 stocks)
do
Standard and Poor's Corporation:
Industrial, public utility, and railroad :§
Combined index (416 stocks) _ _ .1935-39 =100. .
Industrial, total (365 stocks) .
do
Capital goods (121 stocks) __
do
Consumers' goods (182 stocks)
do
Public utility (31 stocks)
do
Railroad (20 stocks)
do
Banks, N. Y. C. (19 stocks) .
do
Fire and marine insurance (18 stocks)
do
Sales (Securities and Exchange Commission) :
Total on all registered exchanges:
Market value
mil. of dol _
Shares sold
thousands
On New York Stock Exchange:
Market value
mil of dol
Shares sold
thousands
Exclusive of odd lot and stopped sales
(N. Y. Times)
thousands __
Shares listed, New York Stock Exchange:
Market value, all listed shares
mil. of dol._
Number of shares listed
.millions. _
474.6
62.9
231.1
8.2
205.1
25.1
114.3
2.3
1, 318. 9
111.5
838.7
119.8
532.1
103.8
223.3
14.0
204.0
37.9
99.1
2.1
705.6
38.0
440.6
65.2
474.4
68.3
217.7
6.8
193.3
27.0
102.0
1.6
825.8
68.8
515.0
70 5
493.6
105.4
226.3
5.3
189.6
35.1
93.9
1.3
725.7
43 7
448 7
63 7
52.9
50.3
16.1
41.9
11.2
.5
38.1
12.7
7.9
4.2
14.5
45.9
68.5
84.5
35.5
55.5
48.0
22.4
55.0
10.1
.4
36.8
9.7
15.8
2.2
14.1
40.8
37.5
50.2
19.2
57.5
52.1
19.7
41.8
10.5
.4
38.8
12.6
7.5
3.4
13.7
49.7
39.5
46.6
22.0
54.8
43.4
13.7
34.7
10.0
.4
40.9
5.9
9.1
3.0
24.7
57.8
27 7
48.5
20.9
55 5
57.5
15 6
42 3
83
2.90
2.97
3.28
2.24
2.33
1.87
3.02
3.12
3.29
2.32
2.33
1.87
3.04
3.14
3.30
2.40
2.34
1.99
3.07
3.17
3.30
2.42
2.35
1.99
3.07
3.17
3.31
2.42
2.35
1.99
3.08
3.18
3.31
2.46
2.35
1.99
3.09
3.18
3.32
2.46
2.35
1.99
3.08
3.17
3.32
2.46
2.35
1.99
3.05
3.14
3.31
2.46
2.33
2.03
3.04
3.12
3.30
2.46
2.33
2.03
3.03
3.10
3.29
2.46
2.33
2.03
3.01
3.08
3.30
2.45
2.33
2.10
3.01
3.09
3.31
2 36
2.37
2.11
49.87
50.07
56.55
36.12
44.97
44.70
54.14
31.28
46.30
46.33
54.23
31.31
46.40
46.36
54.62
31.14
44.79
44.52
54.34
28.86
46.22
46.21
54.64
29.60
45.37
45.28
54.31
28.52
43.77
43.46
53.05
27.60
43.58
43.48
52.28
26.52
45.76
46.01
53.48
27.43
46.64
46.91
54.29
27.52
47.72
48.18
54.44
28.30
49. 25
49.94
55.23
28.26
5.82
5.93
5.80
6.20
4.45
3.16
6.72
6.98
6.08
7.42
4.87
3.30
6.57
6.78
6.09
7.67
4.74
3.34
6.62
6.84
6.04
7.77
4.67
3.33
6.85
7.12
6.09
8.39
4.70
3.33
6.66
6.88
6.06
8.31
4.66
3.27
6.81
7.02
6.11
8.63
4.71
3.34
7.04
7.29
6.26
8.91
4.75
3.38
7.00
7.22
6.33
9.28
4.76
3.52
6.64
6.78
6.17
8.97
4.70
3.35
6.50
6.61
6.06
8.94
4.51
3.26
6.31
6.39
6.06
8.66
4.52
3.21
6.11
6.19
5.99
8.35
4.41
3.10
7.65
3.95
6.29
4.28
4.21
4.15
78.8
69.00
185. 19
35.20
60.62
71.4
64.90
176. 60
33.34
55.00
73.0
64.24
176. 31
33.09
53.27
127.8
134.3
123.9
128.0
97.4
120.9
96.0
135.3
120.4
126.4
116.3
122.1
94.2
108.8
92.9
131.0
891
40, 593
747
29, 081
6.60
3.84
1.72
4.09
r
4.04
6.00
3.73
4.04
463
70
207
6
5
4
3
6
*6. 25
* 3 80
* 3. 30
3.98
3.97
3.90
3.85
3.88
67.9
62.79
174. 03
35.73
45.90
67.0
59.25
165. 59
34.31
42.89
70.1
61.61
173. 34
35.31
44.31
71.3
63.79
179. 24
36.54
46.14
73.1
64.68
180. 93
37.65
46.65
75.9
66.66
186. 47
38. 25
48.68
118.5
124.2
111.6
121.2
96.1
97.1
93.9
140.9
117.7
123.5
110.4
121.2
95.3
95.8
93.3
139.7
112.0
117.0
104.3
116.7
93.0
88.4
91.0
134.5
117.8
123.8
110.5
123.9
95.4
96.6
92.5
138.1
123.8
130.3
116.0
129.2
100.0
95.1
96.8
149.0
127.3
134.4
119.7
133.0
101.2
97.6
99.5
157.2
754
36, 915
853
40, 684
765
37, 411
705
39, 437
626
37, 950
807
39, 057
871
40, 437
1,083
51, 455
626
26, 182
722
30, 293
639
26, 709
587
28, 776
526
29,139
672
28, 977
729
29, 937
906
38, 474
18, 752
21,785
23,837
28, 891
67, 279
2,150
68, 668
2,154
70, 700
2,162
72,631
2,145
4.64
4.07
4.07
72.9
65.37
179. 75
34.43
53.16
69.9
63.15
174. 46
34.51
49.37
72.0
63.29
175. 88
35.08
48.19
70.5
63.47
175. 65
35.73
48.27
119.4
125.5
115.9
120.2
92.9
105.8
90.3
135.7
121.0
127.3
117.6
122.8
94.2
105.9
92.6
138.6
117.2
122.7
113.2
120.4
94.4
99.6
92.6
140.9
118.0
123.7
113.1
120.9
95.3
97.4
93.4
141.5
1,137
53, 415
1,077
49, 092
854
37, 069
720
31, 509
970
39, 345
914
35, 534
716
26, 471
601
22, 153
20,434
28, 319
27, 963
18, 825
17, 180
21, 136
19, 314
18, 179
17, 767
72, 186
2,008
65, 466
2,011
67, 048
2,018
67, 478
2,030
65, 325
2,045
67, 518
2,051
66, 238
2,060
64, 147
2,072
63, 921
2, 140
p
121. 8
128.0
114.5
127 A
98.5
94.2
95.5
144.9
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS (QUARTERLY)*
Goods and services:
4,201
For goods exported
Income on investments abroad
For other services rendered
Payments total
For goods imported
For foreign investments in U S
For other services received
Unilateral transfers (net), total
Private
Government
-
Long-term capital movements (net), total
Private
Government
3,306
415
480
2,683
2,028
85
570
do
do
do
—1, 149
-174
-975
-1, 420
-147
-1, 273
do
do
do
-695
-173
-522
—223
+184
+139
Gold and short-term capital movements (net), total
mil. of dol
Gold and foreign short-term capital in U. S. do
U S capital abroad
do
+45
1,963
4, 414
r 3,r 494
350
3 631
2 817
r
2 470 -.-_....._
1 620
570
2, 422
r 1, r741
57
81
564
298
516
r 624
64
786
-1,631
r
-141
*• —1, 490
—1 339
—124
—1 215
r
—519
'r
-296
r
+100
' —236
«• —372
—404
—289
••+158
+550
+70
+30
+142
Errors and omissions
do
+181
r
Revised.
9 Preliminary.
§Number of stocks represents number currently used; the change in the number does not affect the continuity of the series.
JBalance-of-payments revisions for the first two quarters of 1948 are shown on p. S-20 of the October 1949 SURVEY.
r
4,266
3,453
263
550
2,608
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
r
283
—171
—112
+136
4-32
+61
—29
—115
SUEVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-21
1949
1948
October
November
December
February
January
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES—Continued
FOREIGN TRADEJ
Indexes
Exports of U. S. merchandise:
Quantity
1923-25=100 _
Value
do
Unit value
do
Imports for consumption:
Quantity do
Value
do
Unit value
- __
do
Agricultural products, quantity:
Exports, domestic, total:
Unadjusted
1924-29 =100. _
Adjusted _
do
Total, excluding cotton:
Unadjusted
do
Adjusted
do
Imports for consumption:
Unadjusted
do
Adjusted
do
130
'243
'312
129
r
242
'310
128
137
181
133
132
174
133
150
196
131
130
108
115
114
120
145
134
120
181
163
169
175
102
103
92
85
130
129
6,937
5,673
5,613
5,349
1,023
823
204
272
133
166
219
132
266
350
131
'222
'214
'293
132
r277
142
190
133
132
176
133
166
221
133
98
73
99
85
155
121
r
230
'290
126
233
294
126
194
238
123
191
234
123
196
240
123
131
165
126
133
167
'126
' 134
166
'124
117
144
123
132
161
122
135
166
123
125
143
117
147
116
146
115
159
84
118
91
104
93
77
165
207
165
192
148
174
162
180
154
181
133
164
154
155
152
124
109
104
99
97
109
98
96
91
92
93
97
104
91
100
97
105
102
108
5,654
5,657
4,975
5,315
4,700
4?978
5,464
5,228
7, 251
5,443
8,273
5,683
7,945
5,829
4,907
5,750
1,317
' 1, 104
1, 177
' 1, 164
'1,089
1,104
'898
Shipping Weight
Water-borne trade:
Exports, including reexports. -thous. of long tons..
General imports
do
Value
Exports, including reexports, total
mil. of doLBy geographic regions:
Africa
- thous. of dol..
\sia and Oceania
do
Europe
do
Northern North America
do
Southern North America
do
South America
do
Total exports by leading countries:
Africa:
Egvpt
do
Union of South \frica
do
Asia and Oceania:
Australia, including New Guinea
..do
British Malaya
do -China
do
India and Pakistan
do
Japan
do
Netherlands Indies
do
Republic of the Philippines
do
Europe:
France
do
Germany
-do
Italy "
do
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
do
United Kingdom
- __.
do
North and South America:
Canada
do
Latin-American Republics total
do
Argentina
do
Brazil
do
Chile
do
Colombia
do _Cuba
do
M[exico
do
Venezuela
do
Exports of U. S. merchandise, total
mil. of doLBy economic classes:
Crude materials
thous of dol
Crude foodstuffs
- -- do
Manufactured foodstuffs and beverages. -do
Semimanufactures
do
Finished manufactures
do
By principal commodities:
Agricultural products total 1
do
Cotton unmanufactured
do
Fruits vegetables and preparations <3* do
Grains and preparations
do
Nonagricultural products total!
do
Aircraft parts and accessories
do
Automobiles, parts, and accessoriescT--do
1
Chemicals and related products^
do
1
Copper and manufactures cf ..
_..do
r
60, 996
179, 691
327, 997
180, 073
119, 660
154, 141
46, 409
133, 890
272, 211
175, 410
99, 449
95, 604
2,286
39, 344
2,000
31, 885
6,282
45, 602
9,823
5,703
9,569
28, 812
27, 926
8,388
38, 142
10, 393
1,598
13, 868
17, 519
18, 266
3,839
31, 637
18, 110
7,069
43, 188
35, 882
30, 077
16, 754
53, 132
14, 262
13, 431
r
3,592
5, 766
' 9, 982 ' 12, 076
35, 939
26, 854
35, 008
46, 190
15, 072
18, 197
35, 454
44, 411
30, 264
65, 306
29, 753
525
51, 806
29, 907
61, 354
30, 097
43
46, 071
55, 926
67, 362
48, 211
605
58, 406
52, 166
83, 285
36, 786
186
53, 392
175, 944
256, 413
20, 249
41, 255
13, 822
12,651
38, 397
42, 704
48, 558
174, 223
184, 735
14, 942
29, 148
5,899
9,769
32, 772
39, 106
27, 923
161, 043
340, 194
27, 155
56, 769
21, 482
18, 660
46, 791
51, 194
58, 440
78, 189 ' 53, 012
273, 544 'r 227, 051
437, 815
375, 213
165, 451 ' 148, 961
155, 831
124, 683
205, 819
174, 745
r
r
r
6,567
' 22, 345
r
146, 696
281, 098
18, 170
51, 307
13, 210
17, 745
36, 676
42, 524
51, 162
35, 763
212, 567
380, 461
156, 634
113, 956
143, 770
r
r
r
r
r
74, 087
58, 187
233, 399 ' 240, 487 r
424, 668 r 406, 275 '
166, 393 r 188, 470 '
125, 588 r 115, 026
152, 613
156, 021 '
51, 745
214, 262
397, 947
196, 900
102, 767
125, 594
'880
904
' 55, 202 37, 641
77, 054
'211,842 ' 194, 633 172, 717
r
392, 005 ' 278, 506 ' 280, 370
' 185, 624 ' 151, 695 170, 726
' 89, 306 '106,371
' 104, 906
' 132, 511 128, 012 '112,867
49, 814
184, 540
285, 806
152, 775
104, 725
126, 903
r
4,076
28, 766
4,501
«• 29, 136
' 4, 295
23, 416
3,636
17, 525
3,589
18, 076
13, 924
3,047
' 7, 225
33, 268
47, 819
10, 593
37, 624
12, 599
2,938
' 2, 091
' 36, 112
41, 471
9,711
31, 847
12, 936
2,965
' 2, 433
22, 738
41, 089
8,434
36, 348
7,938
2,816
965
16, 489
34, 333
7,953
28, 954
10, 606
2,616
705
13, 677
42, 586
6,605
32, 821
40, 984
81, 742
52, 919
384
r 76, 160
62, 063
59, 186
51, 872
89
78, 266
25, 423
64, 137
23, 370
422
50, 248
22, 868
63, 331
19, 139
'128
53, 203
26, 885
63, 379
20, 420
80
52, 095
154, 196 r 163, 390 r 187, 550 r 194, 130 r 184, 482 ' 150, 700 169, 715
240, 959 * 262, 236 ' 254, 057 ' 213, 676 ' 221, 241 ' 202, 819 ' 204, 298
13, 876
9,909
' 5, 794
9,344
13, 286
9,858
8,282
25, 025
42, 900
' 44, 828
28, 690
36, 023 «• 28, 959
33, 938
10, 071
10, 153
12, 639
11,21514, 527 r 12, 346
14, 230
9,645
19, 575
14, 698
15, 153
19, 336
'14,115
13, 335
r
26, 608
34, 183
27, 240
34, 386
25, 531
29, 527
29,
241
r
42, 092
43, 255 f 49, 045
44, 403
36, 023 ' 32, 866 31, 409
r
45, 973
' 38, 426
44, 998
54, 372
49, 706
43, 356
44, 265
151, 851
217, 072
11, 464
32, 918
12, 920
11, 721
30, 963
30, 626
41, 791
4,874
14, 840
54, 927
71, 366
55, 487
176
59, 415
r
r
1, 043
6,651
31, 036
5,406
27, 849
15, 203 r 10, 822
4,293
3,561
' 15, 921 r 26, 832
35, 362
34, 492
46, 820
36, 385
12, 991
12, 647
r
34, 423 ' 41, 595
61, 244
77, 161
53, 980
1,901
62, 246
56, 792
72, 542
54, 188
3,077
61, 770
1,012
816
127, 852
127, 680
92, 560
102, 711
561, 635
146, 712
96, 545
80, 444
84, 006
408, 337
141, 465
183, 943
116, 619 ' 120, 725
122, 709 r 94, 594
127, 345
128, 860
752, 131 ' 607, 406
292, 483
43, 752
19, 981
149, 536
9,937
275, 146
74, 777
17, 070
108, 440
8,181
383, 597 ' 324, 605 r 338, 367 * 362, 864 ' 341, 983 ' 343, 407 ' 320, 157
98, 538
80, 653
85, 049
100, 674
90, 191
68, 883
91, 623
r
15, 469
18, 352
13, 813
27, 060 r 18, 372 r 18, 136 f 23, 642
118, 565
142, 622 ' 140, 440 ' 143, 356 ' 148, 701 r 114, 239 ' 151, 083
' 24, 751 ' 17, 801
21, 715
13, 558 f 17, 690
13, 447
18, 849
719, 954
11, 098
78, 311
64, 272
7,272
51, 636
189, 948
7,771
24, 510
40, 183
11, 795
95, 626
50, 815
68, 395
540, 899
11, 052
47, 567
51,311
" 5,258
36, 075
126, 638
5,920
19, 980
27, 069
7,951
59, 376
43, 332
50, 477
920, 666 ' 766, 931 ' 694, 502 ' 800, 860 r 812, 716 r 735, 912 ' 773, 260
i 7, 449
15, 889 r 13, 486 r 14, 135 r 15, 282 ' 15, 094 r i 8, 673
90, 166 ' 72, 015 r 70, 096 r 77, 598 ' 73, 359 ' 64, 968 ' 61, 380
r 63, 712
64, 379
' 76, 503 r 73, 834
85, 121 ' 63, 996 r 67, 262
7,396
7,832
5,719
7,738
5,358
5,625
10, 260
r
'
68,
449
70,
440
78, 761
76, 711
59, 316
69, 374 r 66, 027
239, 944 r 209, 389 r 190, 666 ' 220, 324 ' 230, 588 r 1205, 299 ' 1222, 687
14, 785
' 13, 041
12, 461
14, 010
10, 535
11, 119
10, 697
31, 867
31, 593 ' i 25, 938 ' i 26, 644
27, 262 ' 22, 785 * 26, 809
r 43, 364 ' i 34, 610
i 36, 663
' 37, 338 r 42, 986
55, 370 r 41, 624
15,315
17, 109
17, 475
17, 048
14, 864
15, 566
19, 238
112, 279 ' 107, 450 r 90, 641 ' 103, 828 ' 112, 749 ' 94, 695 r 107, 518
54, 252
54, 042
47, 193
53, 235
49,
651
55, 443
56, 770
57, 964
' 65, 218 61, 525 «• 55, 413
' 71, 507 r 60, 599
91, 397
1,304
r 1, 092
' 1, 033
' 1, 164
' 1, 155
' 153, 848
»• 130, 405
r 84, 165
f
119, 230
' 545, 221
170, 551
r 144, 723
' 76, 915
' 138, 809
' 632, 726
f 196, 206
' 98, 538
' 97, 030
' 133, 125
' 629, 801
' 1, 079
1,093
'889
97, 997
' 173, 496
179, 646
97, 938
' 139, 075
111, 521
71, 635
r 86, 136 ' 86, 971
104, 687
' 127, 212 ' 125, 932
r
553, 399 ' 589, 346 ' 515, 457 '
234, 863
38, 729
10, 008
110, 907
14, 140
••872
122, 821
102, 400
53, 054
104, 353
512, 765
244, 227
28, 381
9,389
125, 405
12, 778
245, 950
36, 126
11, 299
105, 949
12, 429
' 652, 651 ' 628, 926
i 7, 891
i 6, 776
' i 59, 360 i 53, 421
58, 812
58, 550
4,243
3,539
r
67, 795
64, 107
' 1201, 455 ' 1179, 388
11, 344
10, 199
' i 24, 374
i 20, 952
' i 33, 719 ' i 35, 290
' 19, 194
14, 836
79, 343
' 88, 365
39, 965
48, 708
44, 082
45, 760
Machinery, total cf __ _
do
Agri cultural d"
do
Tractors, parts, and accessories*.
do
Electrical cf
do
M^etal working
do
Other industrial d*
do
Petroleum and products
do
Textiles and manufactures
do
f Revised.
i Data are not comparable \
^Revisions for various periods in 1947 and 1948 have been i
beginning 1946 a sf i n a ldata a r e completed b y t h e Bureau o
f
t
h
,
,
tural exports group to the agricultural group have affected the pertinent series back to 1942. Revisions are available upon request.
cf Data beginning 1948 have been adjusted in accordance with the 1949 commodity classifications. Revised figures for January-July 1948 are available upon request.
*New series; included with agricultural machinery prior to 1948.
895
108, 786
124, 549
50, 013
100, 593
489, 213
649, 442
i 6, 865
i 56, 635
58, 190
5,514
67, 662
i 190, 458
8,924
i 24, 192
i 31, 050
14, 836
90, 298
40, 397
50, 270
849
842
OF CUEEENT BUSINESS
^22
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
February
January
April
March
June
May
July
August
September
October
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES—Continued
FOREIGN TRADE§—Continued
Value— Continued
General imports total
thous of dol
By geographic regions:
\friea
do
Asia and Oceania
_
-do
Europe
. -do _..
Northern North America
do
Southern North America
do
South America
do
Bv leading countries:
Africa:
Egypt
do
Union of South Africa
_ _ _do
Asia and Oceania:
Australia including New Guinea
do
British Malaya
do
China
-__do_. .
India and Pakistan
- -do
Japan
- -do
Netherlands Indies
do
Republic of the Philippines _
-- -do
Europe:
France
- - - do
Germany
_ -- do _
Italy
do
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. _do
United Kingdom
do
North and South America:
Canada
do _
Latin-American Republics, total
_ do
Argentina
do
Brazil
do
Chile
- do
Colombia
do__ Cuba
- do
Mexico
do _
Venezuela
do
Imports for consumption, total
.
do
By economic classes:
Crude materials
do
Crude foodstuffs
do__ _
Manufactured foodstuffs and beverages, .do
Semimanufactures
do _
Finished manufactures
do
By principal commodities:
Agricultural products, total
do
Coffee
do
Hides and skins
do__ _
Rubber, crude, including guayule
do.___
Silk unmanufactured
-' o__
Sugar
-do
Wool and mohair, unmanufactured
do
Nonagricultural products, total
do_. .
Furs and manufactures
- do
Nonferrous ores, metals, and manufactures,
total
thous. of doL_
Copper, incl. ore and manufactures-. -do
Tin, including ore
- ...do
Paper base stocks
do
Newsprint
-- do
Petroleum and products
do
600, 642
27, 744
125, 558
105, 792
554, 289
719, 748
r
590, 188
r
566, 600
r
r
632, 399
r
534, 371
' 47, 397 21, 100
r 128, 173 •• 128, 246
r 90, 532
r 66, 793
r
133, 071 r 122, 139
r
r
86, 131
108, 795
r
124, 431
109, 962
153. 664
65, 209
122, 675
22, 540
96, 118
83, 264
170, 648
56, 140
125, 578
35, 177
178, 851
113,201
148, 803
83, 476
160, 239
205
13,744
206
11,029
10, 849
261
9,558
8, 914
24, 483
10, 905
23, 567
7,130
8, 583
13,^950
4,999
14, 309
9,315
17, 125
6,214
8, 333
11, 546
13, 171
34, 206
13, 736
26, 976
7,482
15, 235
25, 081
9,387
17, 159
11, 839
r
26, 544
' 7, 144
9,992
r 14, 963
7,768
3,606
10,260
5,253
27, 051
5,521
3,516
9,049
6,745
19, 460
7,343
3,491
11,831
6,592
29, 698
149, 290
177, 181
10, 352
47, 449
12,536
19, 973
29, 492
17, 404
21, 498
605, 029
165, 928
169, 294
6,908
48, 393
11, 876
22, 840
15,965
19, 970
25, 105
561, 418
145, 955
228, 936
9,830
62, 327
18, 327
28, 699
26, 630
25, 232
24, 946
704, 061
167, 987
106, 009
72, 852
139, 879
118, 301
150, 651
116, 158
53, 429
127, 895
113, 285
201, 472
145,154
63,862
165, 627
127, 945
' 181, 419 r 158, 235 r 164, 599 r 146, 104
' 109, 622 ' 99, 434 131,165 »• 109, 909
r
50, 414 r 58, 105
* 73, 308 * 60, 917
r
127, 995 r 131, 896 r 137, 502 r 110, 111
r
r 109 469 r 108, 904 r 117 288
99 728
256, 412
55, 310
5,050
27, 740
1,745
27, 448
19, 893
348, 617
12, 771
232, 428
60, 865
5,064
22, 758
1,091
13, 452
16, 456
328, 990
9,226
313, 886
85, 764
6,331
37, 862
1,543
21,003
18,531
390, 175
11, 932
r 252 318
71, 555
5,646
r
27, 669
2,517
19, 792
21,307
r
326, 602
6,764
66,956
16, 126
16, 375
22, 857
34, 587
34, 430
59, 112
15, 888
11, 361
20, 974
39,609
41, 454
88, 028
22, 804
24, 706
22,562
39, 081
43, 907
26, 418
28, 997
r 124, 151 «• 124, 420
' 90, 053 r 89, 376
127, 065 r 119, 429
r
78, 146
91, 716
r
144, 355 r 114, 552
350
342
367
7, 567
r 12, 693
231
6,295
11, 772
13, 639
15,757
25, 949
9,206
7,260
15, 159
9,570
25, 185
••8,011
25, 278
r
7, 625
8,758
••17,029
5,318
25, 745
5,987
29, 582
6, 355
12,117
15, 07£
r 6, 459
4,648
7,903
1,613
24,835
5, 847
>• 4, 994
5,788
3,257
r
20, 550
5,464
6, 154
r 6, 398
4,293
r
22, 695
122, 013
209, 143
15,234
«• 47, 418
15,084
T
21, 749
25, 067
24, 209
24, 566
r 578, 920
' 115,739
195, 249
11,133
33, 467
18, 552
16, 202
37, 404
24, 664
r
20, 820
r 554, 700
r
r
74, 599
23, 313
9,591
17, 869
. 35,442
44, 004
r
r
r 238 284
57, 396
4,780
22, 580
3,129
32, 659
21,820
r
318, 290
7,012
r
66, 571
' 26, 120
11,007
22,322
34, 210
36, 820
r
r
•• 24, 845
' 126, 670
' 67, 287
r
129, 581
r
81, 601
r
110, 093
r
526, 806
r
275 181
73, 671
5,465
* 21, 698
1,006
44, 278
16, 428
r
348, 681
11, 457
r
86, 959
' 28, 967
26,683
17, 948
37, 404
35, 875
r
227 050
58, 906
5,439
19, 387
34
r
490 569
f
529 900
5, 053
189
9,339
62
8,852
6 907
9,658
11,812
9,901
5,888
21, 834
6,635
11,335
20, 441
2 726
10, 822
7,749
14 140
5,574
8 904
21 874
5 183
17, 082
8,878
17, 252
5,766
8 932
20, 569
4 647
15, 484
6,470
18 573
6,792
10 086
16 543
3,672
2, 896
«• 6, 326
4,609
14, 707
3,926
1,499
5, 430
3 531
r 15 log
r
4, 972
2, 836
6,817
2,960
16 122
4 844
2,484
4,406
7,090
20 546
117, 386
174 687
5,044
39, 866
11 958
21, 844
33 351
r
15, 080
21 680
r
512, 744
116, 987
193 420
6,716
53, 784
10 046
20,648
32 364
15 963
23 357
528 100
r
r
' 3, 793
r
4, 606
3,789
4,209
r
15, 232
76
r
r 128, 306 r 119, 974 r 126, 522 * 127, 664
r
221, 706 T 185, 063 r 181, 909 r 182, 680
r
3, 869
4,500
6,790
7, 543
39, 270
r 34, 163
41,919
36, 944
13, 528
19,530
r 18, 760
14, 367
r
21, 923
16, 198
14, 168
18, 324
r
r
47, 458 r 36, 514
37, 453
35, 069
T
25,963
21, 725
19, 918
23, 761
r
22, 628
20, 755
23, 114
21 022
r
523, 862 r 526, 769 r 533, 052 T 530, 346
r
r
29, 181
98, 087
79, 090
118, 957
68, 456
136 787
13, 913
13, 808
6, 501
20, 949
r 5, 535
10,833
22, 856
r
456, 083
27, 625
23, 472
>• 19, 960
r
106, 262
94, 110 r 101, 594
r
69, 054
r 64, 268
«• 58, 425
r
130, 657 >• 107, 445
120, 745
r
83, 233
' 68, 529 r 68, 611
r
109, 975 r 104, 103
115 391
r
r
r
r
••429
r 7, 277
<- 5, 247
4,371
r 4, 418
1,318
f-14,097
r
540, 077
r
r
r
r
105, 366
162 273
r
5 637
34, 037
7 648
22, 634
30 451
r
13 356
r
23 620
r
458 614
r
r
154, 824
r
90, 281
r 69, 052
r
113, 636
r
105 260
r
150 119
r
103, 701
r 68, 121
r
109 607
r 98 797
r
126 868
T
92 460
r 65, 224
r
84 300
r 89 762
r
138 476
r
91 695
69, 248
r
113 698
r
99 628
161 150
103 254
60, 023
105 441
99 445
r
r 234 878
56 038
6 173
19, 198
r 205
r 58
6
16
r 225 277
55 294
7 044
17, 171
240 370
66 037
6 661
15, 165
216 255
48 995
7 051
19, 933
42
35, 209
39, 770
' 10, 813 ' 10, 629
299, 719 r 316, 798
9 127
11 936
' 73, 767 r 72, 041
' 21, 574 r 20, 558
28, 383
17, 518
12, 427
17 925
39, 195
34,200
38, 244
36, 855
86
r
38, 276
15,605
295 468
8 072
207
596
157
649
45
71
37, 683
20, 734
287 467
8 270
28 297
22, 553
288 942
11 002
23
36 525
11, 671
r 253 407
9 270
r
T
66, 374
17, 763
13, 495
r 17 838
37 261
37, 473
r
39 528
11,007
11 685
14 253
35 942
«• 36.' 490
r
59 266
15,196
18 892
16 478
38 192
35, 417
51 043
13, 179
21 370
13 677
33 394
38, 191
558 600
561 500
TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
TR AN SPORTATION
Airlines
Operations on scheduled airlines:
Miles flown, revenue
_. _ thousands
Express and freight carried
.short tons..
Express and freight ton-miles flo wn__ thousands _ _
Mail ton-miles
flown
do
Passengers carried, revenue
do_ _ _
Passengers-miles flown, revenue
do _
27, 718
16, 575
10,028
3, 321
1,159
522, 007
978
821
868
440, 971
473, 636
418, 212
23, 210
23, 373
28, 585
9
12
61
cents
9. 0608
millions
1,436
.thous. of dol. . 131, 300
9. 0998
1 389
130, 600
9. 1338
1 475
143, 700
25, 361
14, 973
9,509
3, 360
966
26, 250
17, 636
11,085
5,098
23 141
12, 176
7,859
3,292
23, 146
11,819
7,598
3,207
420, 147
26 852
15,871
10,763
3,633
1,092
519 072
26 884
16, 489
10, 991
3, 554
1,226
561, 312
28 257
14, 764
8,921
3,320
1,311
591, 198
28 089
13, 951
8, 938
3,233
1,389
659 605
29 257
13,' 082
8,177
2 915
1 342
621 449
29 371
15, 734
10, 177
3,116
1 326
607 332
28 084
18, 161
11, 381
3 094
1 339
616 559
23, 105
22, 027
20 235
19 992
21 810
20 877
20
42
44
19
1
19 d736
19 324
28
20 487
9. 1727
1 396
128, 700
9. 1922
1 271
117, 300
9. 2092
1 421
130, 000
9 2287
1 358
130, 400
9 2895
1 331
127, 700
9 3114
1 268
122, 000
9 3869
1 169
116 400
9 4501
1 193
121 600
3,099
633
54
159
188
37
303
374
1.350
2 959
3 406
416
44
175
209
30
361
40
318
354
389
420
1.309
1. 560
Express Operations
Operating revenues
Operating income
_ _
_ thous. of dol
_-_
do _ _ _
Z5
'd Jfi
51
Local Transit Lines
Fares, average cash rate..
Passengers carried, revenue
Operating re venues |
9 4793
1 220
116 800
9 5158
1 265
2 923
2 733
459
38
163
2 997
377
39
153
239
25
202
216
41
185
54
272
90
277
364
248
328
85
441
1.364
1.349
1.642
Class I Steam Railways
Freight carloadings (A. A. R.):cf
r
Total cars
thousands
4, 571
3,295
2,951
3,428
2,767
2,619
3,804
Coal
do
••887
642
621
756
607
361
772
75
Coke
.
_.do
60
59
78
63
56
73
Forest products
__do ..
243
169
156
168
131
146
182
264
Grain and grain products
do
207
193
215
156
186
214
Livestock
do
99
62
47
51
34
34
47
r
Ore _
. ... do
338
222
59
78
52
59
312
411
Merchandise, 1. c. 1
do ..
434
'559
369
475
369
383
1,523
Miscellaneous
do
1,394
«• 2, 106
1,428
1,666
1,356
1,730
r
d
Revised.
Deficit.
§See note marked "J" on p. S-21.
JData for 1947 revised; see note marked "%" on p. S-22 of the September 1949 SURVEY.
cT Data for October 1948 and January, April, July, and October 1949 are for 5 weeks; other months, 4 weeks.
537
48
155
SURVEY OF CUEEENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-23
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
99
42
53
131
153
131
35
56
121
92
42
54
124
TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS—Continued
TR AN SPORTATION—Continued
Class I Steam RaiIways~™Continued
Freight carloadings (Federal Reserve indexes) :
Total, unadjusted
1935-39=100 _
Coal
do
Coke
_
_
_
do _ Forest products
do
Gr&in and grain products
do
Livestock
__ _
-do _Ore
do
Merchandise, 1. c. 1
.. --do
Miscellaneous
do
Total, adjusted
_
do
Coal
___
--do
Coke
do
Forest products
- -do
Grain and grain products
__do _
Livestock
do
Ore _ _ _ _ _ _ d o ..
Merchandise 1 c 1
do
Miscellaneous
._ _ __ __ _ _ d o
Freight-car surplus and shortage, daily average:
Car surplus, total
__
number .
Box cars
__
- _ -do
Coal cars
do
Car shortage, total _
__
do
Box cars
do
Coal cars
-do. .Financial operations (unadjusted) :
- Operating revenues, total
thous. of dol._
Freight
do
Passenger
do
Operating expenses
_-do
Tax accruals, joint facility and equipment rents
thous. of dol. .
Net railway operating income.
- do
Net incomet
- do
Financial operations, adjusted:
Operating revenues, total
mil. of dol
Freight
_ _ - do
Passenger
do
Railway expenses
do
Net railway operating income
- do
Net income..
- _do ._
Operating results:
Freight carried 1 mile. _ . . . -mil. of ton-miles _ _
Revenue per ton-mile
cents
Passengers carried 1 mile, revenue
millions. _
151
147
190
158
150
143
240
71
159
140
147
194
149
150
93
178
68
145
141
138
198
141
152
114
196
68
149
137
138
198
144
155
90
178
66
144
128
131
201
123
138
82
62
60
139
137
131
192
139
147
85
201
62
148
120
130
198
116
125
76
44
57
129
131
130
189
129
125
79
175
60
141
117
124
198
107
111
60
46
5S
128
126
124
187
112
113
75
185
61
136
111
79
175
117
128
61
68
61
131
120
79
174
117
139
77
236
60
138
125
129
184
119
121
68
228
60
130
127
129
188
119
138
76
215
59
132
125
130
171
128
132
66
267
59
127
124
130
173
123
150
73
215
59
126
119
98
147
127
159
54
282
57
126
115
98
150
122
156
70
182
58
122
115
79
115
117
212
60
284
55
121
110
79
118
117
177
70
177
55
120
119
95
119
131
149
73
240
57
128
115
95
123
125
138
77
160
57
127
116
68
128
130
140
104
218
55
135
106
68
130
121
125
79
145
52
125
1,792
74
253
20, 885
10, 804
8,908
4,473
161
653
11, 339
7,254
3,469
11, 573
1,902
4 781
1, 561
791
670
31,831
6,031
16 221
657
212
429
60,063
14, 930
34 917
549
103
320
114, 926
17, 803
87 579
510
165
198
78, 336
28, 672
39 994
236
35
74
49, 195
34, 365
4 321
375
71
164
60, 075
35, 263
14 783
395
184
36
86, 418
17, 839
59 834
1,741
1,632
5
63, 822
11, 103
43 570
2, 451
2 254
113
74,760
7,711
62 109
3,568
1,943
104
878, 121
738, 588
75, 316
651, 909
825, 326
691, 177
74, 220
637, 472
806, 554
648, 028
90, 671
648, 742
730, 686
594, 747
81, 522
616, 269
675, 749
559, 186
67, 374
567, 778
739, 058
616, 074
67, 608
587, 933
747, 259
620, 293
68, 659
594, 270
741, 069
615, 923
67, 858
600, 852
735, 439
599 507
77, 076
588, 177
700,648
562, 811
82, 564
569, 818
742, 877
606 201
78 606
587, 116
694, 969
569, 491
69, 833
540, 988
648, 924
534 885
60 993
520 920
115, 335
110, 877
84, 486
103, 788
84, 066
61, 760
93, 150
64, 662
49, 890
81, 173
33, 244
11, 884
78, 217
29, 754
4,635
85, 708
65, 417
41,494
88,226
64, 763
39, 989
82, 621
57, 595
32, 209
85. 998
61, 263
42, 476
80, 493
50,337
26, 861
90, 034
05, 727
39 061
90, 444
63, 538
38,131
81, 219
46 786
845.0
707.8
77.2
755.9
89.1
56.3
832.9
695.9
77.8
751.7
81.2
48.6
810.6
659.4
89.2
738.6
72.1
40.0
767.8
627.2
85.1
703.4
64.4
34.2
739.7
609.0
74.7
688.5
51.3
20.4
721.6
596.0
68.4
662.6
59.0
26.4
741.9
610.4
71.0
689.1
52.8
21.3
736.9
611.7
68.6
676.2
60.6
29.2
748.3
614.5
74.4
677.0
71.3
37.8
700.9
570. 1
75.7
C49.8
51.1
19.0
697 3
569.0
70 1
659.1
38.2
r
5. 2
685.2
560.2
70.1
633.1
52.1
19.1
62, 900
1.248
3,101
56, 162
1.300
2,990
52, 541
1.312
3,538
49, 197
1.292
3,368
45, 359
1.314
2,740
46, 716
1.397
2,744
50, 199
1.321
2,770
51, 607
1.283
2,735
47, 964
1.332
3,111
44, 991
1.345
3,385
47, 107
1 338
3,256
44, 219
7,638
4,083
3,554
6,307
3,232
3,075
6,567
3,101
3,466
5,892
3,015
2,876
5,567
2,797
2,768
6,649
3,401
3,248
7,751
3,933
3,819
8,305
4 425
3,880
8,389
4 579
3,810
7,282
3,989
3,294
7,489
4 076
3,412
7, 232
3,890
3,342
1,642
751
1,764
687
1,827
909
2,341
1,179
1,981
877
2,554
1,280
2,525
1,174
2,426
1,049
2,330
1,116
2,387
1,047
1,979
928
2, 125
1, 166
2 297
1 313
5.60
89
224
5.70
84
225
5.25
73
204
5.41
83
222
5.38
86
222
5.15
85
210
5.62
84
228
5.16
84
234
5.48
84
233
5.27
78
211
5.84
81
222
5.59
86
223
5 71
86
213
85
28
54
111
190
3
183
10
10
978
451
594
924
346
132
Waterway Traffic
Clearances, vessels in foreign trade:
Total U. S. ports
-thous. of net tons .
Foreign
do
United States
do
Panama Canal:
Total
thous. of long tons
In United States vessels_ _.
do . .
Travel
Hotels:
\veragesaleperoccupiedroom__ . .
dollars
Rooms occupied. ._ _ ...
_ .percent of total. _
Restaurant sales index
same month 1929= 100. .
Foreign travel:
U S citizens, arrivals
number
U. S. citizens, departures _
do
FJ migrants
do
Immigrants
do
Passports issued
.
do
National parks, visitors
thousands
Pullman Co.:
Revenue passenger-miles
.__ millions _
Passenger revenues
thous. of dol
r
53, 854
34, 029
1,938
15, 700
12, 456
616
r
44, 540
25, 648
1, 318
15, 321
11, 134
215
r
44, 071
36, 280
2,300
20, 941
12, 669
150
T
39, 348
40, 048
1,569
12, 612
16, 744
155
47, 540
1,461
10,965
21, 975
177
55, 907
53, 681
1,883
16, 662
34, 761
243
r 48, 161
r
r
50, 397
53, 899
2,152
17, 074
32, 319
433
r
47, 743
53, 966
2,078
22, 038
34, 602
803
r
51, 062
71, 695
2,568
20, 809
32, 294
1,732
2
64. 588
77, 419
2
79, 459
53, 058
2
73, 171
41, 928
19, 688
3, 333
19, 847
3,126
15,501
1,446
833
7, 732
1,008
9,183
922
8,396
933
8,417
1,187
10, 814
943
8,600
941
8,663
868
7,883
796
7,370
887
8,135
841
7,731
825
7,587
236 823
1 34, 445
85 855
184, 566
25, 175
32. 972
237 672
136, 254
84 528
190, 563
23, 086
33, 205
246, 660
139,080
90, 172
201,623
20, 461
33, 462
242 267
139, 855
85, 361
193, 151
21, 517
33, 686
232, 667
137,065
78, 603
184, 629
21,059
33, 894
247, 769
141, 270
88, 969
198, 130
22, 164
34,129
245 937
141,955
86, 591
193, 094
23, 958
34,318
250, 363
143, 750
88, 844
197, 138
24, 266
34, 493
253 432
146 744
88 828
196 856
26 458
34, 635
249 852
144, 576
87, 490
195,617
24, 671
34, 766
258 353
146, 891
93 449
199, 772
27 433
34,902
14, 842
14, 187
d
63
14, 493
14,069
4293
15, 959
17,154
1,989
14,024
14, 124
d
942
13, 227
13,171
d
756
14, 955
14, 345
*166
14, 354
14,d 167
612
14,819
14, 228
*254
15,098
13, 901
360
13, 582
13, 939
1, 123
14, 870
13, 964
156
14, 523
13, 420
314
2,057
1,734
132
1,942
1,709
40
2,362
1, 837
315
1,939
1,611
123
1,931
1,584
137
2, 090
1,662
232
1,944
1,696
55
2,078
1,675
180
2,019
1,822
d
l
1,826
1,d 764
127
1,892
1,733
d
20
1,948
1.617
149
1,849
1,791
d
29
1,848
1,850
d
63
2,121
2,020
47
11,820
i 1, 783
i dse
11,844
11,747
127
i 2, 067
i 1, 856
U48
11,896
i 1,862
i d53
il,979
i 1, 843
i 52
1 1, 950
i 1, 845
U6
i 1, 793
i 1, 809
13 592
678
COMMUNICATION S
Telephone carriers:!
Operating revenues
thous of dol
Station revenues
do
Tolls message
do
Operating expenses, before taxes
do
Net operating income
do
Phones in service, end of month
thousands
Telegraph, cable, and radiotelegraph carriers:
Wire-telegraph:
Operating revenues _
thous. of dol Operating expenses, incl. depreciation
do
Net operating revenues .
do
Ocean-cable:
Operating revenues
do
Operating expenses incl depreciation do
Net operating revenues
do
Radiotelegraph:
Operating revenues
.
. do ...
Operating expenses, incl. depreciation
do
Net operating revenues
.
do
T
d
d
i
d
99
11,925
1,800
146
1
1
1
1, 957
1, 696
i 185
1
d
Revised.
Deficit.
{Revised data for September 1948, $81,395,000.
1 Beginning January 1949, data are compiled from reports of carriers having operating revenues of $250,000 or more; however, the one company excluded on the new basis accounted for only
0.3 percent
of
total
revenues
in
December
1948.
2
Beginning July 1949, data exclude departures via international land borders; land-border departures during the 12 months ended June 1949 amounted to less than 1 percent of total departures; July-September 1948revisions, including land-border departures: 58,525; 42,926; 32,503.
fRevised series. The coverage has been reduced from 100-120 to 53 carriers; however, the comparability of the series, based on annual operating revenues, has been affected by less than
3.0 percent. Also, data are now shown after elimination of intercompany duplications for the Bell System; figures prior to August 1948 on the revised basis will be shown later. Data relate to
continental United States.
SURVEY OF CUKKENT BUSINESS
S-24
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
November
October
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
CHEMICALS
Inorganic chemicals, production:
Ammonia, synthetic anhydrous (commercial)
92, 791
short tons..
Calcium arsenate (commercial)
thous. of lb_.
0)
57, 805
Calcium carbide (commercial)
short tons
Carbon dioxide, liquid, gas, and solid
71, 125
thous. of lb__
147, 593
Chlorine
short tons
39, 863
Hydrochloric acid (100% HC1)
_ _
do
Lead arsenate (acid and basic)
thous. of lb__
0)
99, 190
Nitric acid (100% HNOs)
short tons
1,431
Oxygen
mil. of cu ft
113, 726
Phosphoric acid (50% HsPO^
short tons
Soda ash, ammonia-soda process (98-100% Na2
Cos)
short tons. _ 406, 603
8,734
Sodium bichromate and chromQte
do
211,836
Sodium hydroxide (100% NaOH) ...
do. .
Sodium silicate, soluble silicate glass (anhy38, 617
drous)
short tons
Sodium sulfate, Glauber's salt and crude salt
76, 811
cake
short tons
Sulphuric acid (100% H2SO4):
Production
do. __ 950, 801
Price, wholesale, 66°, tanks, at works
17.00
dol. per short ton..
Organic chemicals:
Acetic acid (synthetic and natural), production
38, 322
thous. of lb_.
69, 857
Acetic anhydride, production
do
1,079
Acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin), production.. do
Alcohol, denatured:
15, 962
Production
thous. of wine gal
15, 440
Consumption (withdrawals)
do
1,977
Stocks
__do
Alcohol, ethyl:
29,820
Production
__
thous. of proof g°il
29, 592
Stocks, total
do
28. 738
In industrial alcohol bonded warehouses, do
853
Tn denaturing plants
do__
30,075
Withdrawn for denaturing
do
4,702
Withdrawn tax-paid. _ _
do
11, 756
Creosote oil, production
thous of gal
5,008
Ethyl acetate (85%) production
thous of Ib
Glycerin, refined (100% basis) :
High gravity and yellow distilled:
6,551
Production _ _ _ _ _
_ thous. o f Ib
7,290
Consumption
do
13, 376
Stocks
_
do
Chemically pure:
Production
do
9, 530
7,780
Consumption.
.__
do
20, 586
Stock?
do
Methanol, production:
186
Natural (100%)
thous. of gal. _
16, 396
Synthetic (100%)
do
35,254
Phthalic anhydride production
thous. of Ib
93, 923
0)
55, 347
99, 303
0)
57, 971
99, 057
0)
61, 918
90,917
0)
56, 480
103, 418
129
58, 123
109, 306
1,159
50, 763
110, 129
1,515
45, 804
103, 217
1,871
47, 424
109, 505
3,070
44, 227
113, 894
2,969
42, 009
105, 443
0)
40, 286
108. 604
C1)
47, 274
60,734
147, 451
38, 889
0)
91, 348
1, 386
104, 433
59,668
154, 469
39, 237
1,648
95,099
1,409
109, 149
60,371
152, 838
39, 378
3, 866
97, 854
1.403
112, 257
58, 183
136, 431
38, 994
4,089
90, 545
1,364
107, 134
73, 255
148, 693
42, 297
2,833
85, 680
1,471
113, 927
75. 758
140, 791
40, 267
I, 627
101, 790
1,367
108, 045
103, 665
143, 718
37, 825
711
99, 800
1.286
111, 040
116, 758
134. 572
34, 833
784
97, 476
1,048
97, 252
131, 141
139, 163
35, 978
0)
90,382
1,042
101, 682
132, 266
147, 825
39, 709
0)
93, 308
1,184
109, 100
95, 085
147, 214
41, 030
0)
95, 721
1,174
111, 224
82, 139
151,087
43, 593
0)
85, 208
829
125, 276
398, 158
8,277
212, 494
406,026
8,328
221, 479
372, 224
8,913
209, 891
329, 076
7,987
188, 340
349, 849
8,116
192, 947
312, 647
7,105
175, 850
285, 741
5,286
176, 703
309, 379
4,648
170, 283
289, 943
4,029
163, 678
305, 469
5,575
175, 933
317, 406
5,552
182, 143
328, 899
5,938
189, 367
46, 868
38, 049
35, 914
31, 683
35,423
32, 579
43, 277
37, 658
26, 446
28, 284
37, 159
49,912
73, 721
71,868
72, 477
67,539
65, 623
60,834
54, 485
48, 393
42, 176
58, 794
49, 377
56, 996
944, 268
989, 887
964, 506
868, 584
978, 251
908, 599
937, 255
859, 275
833, 063
871, 458
840, 955
891, 334
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
41, 238
73, 450
1,088
43, 496
67, 941
1,113
41,366
66, 520
1,180
34, 739
57, 807
1,069
30, 496
48, 157
609
29,617
39, 459
804
29, 521
39, 775
940
25, 420
35, 334
1,009
29, 698
40, 528
250
31,638
50, 785
908
34, 788
62, 927
813
16, 013
16, 175
1,817
15, 765
15, 257
2,191
12, 855
12, 929
2,193
11,121
10, 112
3, 232
15, 121
14, 088
4,248
14,468
12, 996
5,708
13. 883
12, 975
6,604
16. 575
14, 430
8,746
10, 097
10, 556
8,266
12, 313
12, 444
8,126
13, 947
15. 341
6,732
14, 845
15, 259
6,313
33,603
31, 999
31, 496
503
29. 134
5,114
13, 436
4,904
30, 795
34, 917
34, 317
601
29, 339
3,159
12, 591
8,279
26, 567
37, 154
36, 587
567
23, 661
2,943
13, 137
6,379
22, 376
37, 727
37, 434
293
20, 165
3.184
13, 435
3,646
28, 426
37, 741
37, 454
288
27, 834
2,944
13, 861
6,374
36, 232
43, 842
43, 373
469
27, 027
2,541
13, 250
6,416
33, 855
49, 950
49, 441
510
25, 770
3,022
13, 728
5,368
31, 796
51,015
50, 544
471
30, 593
3,040
13, 215
5,470
23, 760
53, 788
53, 273
515
18, 663
2,664
10, 542
5,798
26, 660
56, 588
53, 527
a, 061
25, 176
3,572
10, 005
6, 424
22, 770
52, 426
50,652
1, 775
24,362
3,672
22, 679
43, 133
41, 919
1,214
27, 117
3,936
7,069
6,980
13, 538
7,203
6,652
13, 692
5,920
6,289
13, 905
4,689
5,774
12, 679
6,234
6,305
12, 400
6,213
6,182
12, 936
6,089
6,341
12,110
7,907
6,668
13, 596
4,692
5,700
11, 316
6,781
7,068
11, 580
7,528
7,397
11,790
7,550
6,913
12, 123
9,240
7,544
18, 640
10.600
7,551
20, 565
10, 530
7,907
21, 987
8,956
6,921
21, 764
9,973
7,621
21, 307
8,910
7,065
20, 685
9,246
7,189
20, 393
8,617
6,947
18, 211
6,258
6, 286
14, 926
11, 591
8,181
15, 674
11, 165
7,729
15, 479
11,655
8,054
17,214
192
16, 342
15, 921
181
15, 950
15, 873
198
14,506
16, 295
172
12, 783
12, 815
187
14, 038
12, 470
166
11,417
10, 192
223
8,864
9,507
146
7,023
8,018
136
7,609
7,104
157
8,059
10, 103
146
9.323
12, 602
165
531
207, 704
91, 321
100, 172
9,845
87, 081
74, 175
41, 840
4,856
0
736
200, 858
93, 869
82, 149
12, 283
116, 635
93, 869
49, 913
9,774
241
1,244
»• 167, 559
42, 756
102. 382
9,201
98, 651
79, 805
45, 199
3,464
8,020
1,423
»• 214, 591
97, 587
92. 242
8,116
144, 203
130, 339
88, 559
464
5,962
1,815
>• 254, 928
104, 414
123, 799
7,993
170, 937
150, 466
82, 123
8,401
1,964
1,163
250, 058
99, 590
138, 789
9, 133
152, 777
123. 809
61,341
3,215
13, 130
684
207. 809
63, 127
129,643
7,828
176, 584
141, 302
86, 544
13, 333
548
355
r 258, 996 * 264, 575 '351,947
79, 592
58, 420
87, 853
172, 841
161,062
229, 784
8,410
9,824
8,103
69, 454
1 10, 049
120, 479
54,254
93. 061
100, 699
32, 681
66, 791
52, 377
8,130
4, 430
13, 570
1
2,198
0
289, 753
98. 064
162, 597
15, 392
117,352
105, 241
52, 616
5,066
0
54.50
114,673
54.50
78, 290
994, 691
802, 638
928, 882
824, 080
r
5,339
FERTILIZERS
Consumption, (13 States)!
thous. of short tons..
Exports, total
short tons
Nitrogenous materials
do
Phosphate materials
do
Potash materials
do
Imports, total
do
Nitrogenous materials, total
do
Nitrate of soda
do
Phosphate materials
do
Potash Tnflt.erialfi
rjo
493
230,088
79, 641
131, 712
10, 540
66, 405
51, 974
19, 357
3,487
3,613
Price, wholesale, nitrate of soda, crude, f. o. b. cars,
51.50
51.50
51.50
54.50
54.50
port warehouses
_ __ dol. per short ton _
54.50
102, 160
103, 032
94, 312
90,604
98, 968
100, 338
Potash deliveries
short tons
Superphosphate (bulk):
853, 461
822, 517
856, 835 1,015,320
828, 646
840, 276
Production
do
1, 333, 435 1,357,931 1,407,694 1, 387, 127 1,234,569
984, 456
Stocks, end of month
do
54.50
114,025
54.50
77,015
54.50
103, 936
54. 50
92, 825
52. 25
105, 678
829,083
810, 775
876, 802 ' 820, 111 816, 724
960, 752 1,161,919 1, 255, 347 1, 268, 682 1, 259, 678
NAVAL STORES
Rosin (gum and wood) :
Production quarterly total
drums (520 Ib )
Stocks end of quarter
do
Price, gum, wholesale, "WG" grade (Sav.), bulk*
dol. per 100 lb._
Turpentine (gum and wood) :
Production, quarterly total
__bbl. (50 gal.)._
Stocks, end of quarter
do
Price, gum, wholesale (Savannah).. dol. per gal_.
539, 310
670, 550
7.78
.39
7.82
7.87
.39
163, 400
262, 670
.37
521,050
719, 140
362, 650
618,230
7.66
.37
7.15
6.22
.40
114, 860
229, 690
.41
5.68
.40
6.41
6.42
.39
181,810
218, 490
.37
574, 840
840, 920
6.49
.36
6.53
6.70
6.60
.38
194, 110
225, 070
.39
.39
MISCELLANEOUS
Explosives (industrial), shipments:
2,405
2,581
1,333
1,269
2,953
1,081
1,068
2,626
1,730
1,287
1,509
Black blasting powder
thous. of lb__
1,606
1,595
53, 175
47, 704
43,832
44, 985
53, 208
57, 992
50,982
45, 443
43, 362
56, 497
High explosives
do
53,158
48,548
40, 130
Sulfur:
412, 680
438, 527
399,025
393, 385
416, 678
351,086
402, 711
396, 447
417, 526
388, 811
397, 024
Production
-long tons
389, 682 392, 805
3, 292, 826 3, 226, 170 3,225,014 3, 274, 313 3, 234, 481 3, 202, 481 3, 181, 199 3,168,051 3, 168, 312 3, 142, 845 3, 156, 752 3, 139, 785 3, 097, 331
Stocks. _.
do
r
Revised
* Not available for publication.
t Revised series. Data for fertilizer consumption have been revised beginning in the July 1949 SURVEY to exclude Texas which has discontinued tax tag sales; revised figures prior to May
1948 will be shown later.
*New series. The series for rosin "WG" (window glass) grade, which is compiled by the 17. S. Department of Labor beginning November 1948, and prior to that month by the Oil, Paint,
and Drug Reporter, has been substituted for the "H" grade formerly shown. Data beginning 1935 will be shown later.
December 1949
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
November
1949
1948
October
S-25
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Continued
FATS, OILS, OILSEEDS, AND
BYPRODUCTS
Animal fats, greases, and oils:
Animal fats:
221, 253
298, 192
366, 883 i 361, 417 i 303, 420 i 306, 947 i 1270. 742 1 272, 192 i 275, 069 i 254, 842 1 264, 394 11 248, 888 i 288,318
Production
thous. of Ib
122, 063
119, 816
117, 992
i 97, 264
i 94, 838 i 111, 062
Consumption, factory. _
do
94, 188 i 109, 734 i 105, 502
119,516 1 117, 519
i 61, 981 1 120, 143
288, 614
402, 332 1 464, 820 i 485, 516 1 446, 760 i 408, 634 1 368, 929 i 319, 521 1 322, 974 1 292, 421 1 265, 758 1 240 962
Stocks, end of month
do
310, 920
Greases:
1
1
1
1
47, 344
50, 619
53, 144
46, 753 1 44, 706
52, 050 i 50, 232 1 51, 138 i 46, 852
Production
do
49, 170 i 50, 505
i 45 702
48 110
1
1
i 45, 023 i 48, 539
47, 116
49, 474
i 55, 887
i 43, 564
Consumption, factory
do
51, 547
i 38, 425 1 i 41, 590
32, 951 1 1 41, 895 1 46, 031 1 42, 016
1
1
112,915
124, 518 117, 852 i 116,477
Stocks, end of month
do
119, 351
104, 308 i 111, 489 i 107, 603 i 109, 933
110, 882 113, 706
124, 927 1 129, 265
Fish oils:
6,529
5,649
741
2,064
879
1,063
18, 362
13, 599
21, 962
Production.
do
4,717
24, 908
11, 344
12, 735
17, 979
14, 102
10, 733
12, 823
16, 227
13, 395
9,653
Consumption, factory. _ _ _ _
. __ _do. _
20, 225
12, 377
17, 667
10, 753
11,126
20, 865
104, 404
115, 792
134, 465
108, 537
88, 713
Stocks, end of month
do
97, 756
80, 946
78, 442
92, 245
79, 062
97,072:
78, 176
69, 511
Vegetable oils, oilseeds, and byproducts:
Vegetable oils, total:
2
2449
532
529
498
2469
r2464
2506
2381
361
2374
Production, crude
mil. of Ib
2338
2593
2379
453
449
2414
440
2434
2450
2405
2384
2417
Consumption, crude, factory __.
do _ _
2307
2380
2481
2368
Stocks, end of month:
r2776
614
692
528
2769
2808
2812
2718
2736
2735
2732
2856
Crude
._ _
do
2739
2
2
279
152
211
2188
U71
2395 r 2423
462
2231
Refined
_ _ _ _._
. _ do .
448
2376
2266
2319
9,682
19, 767
47, 741 r 97, 268
31, 001
10, 776
29, 596
115,017
60, 173
29, 982
16, 397
73, 123
Exports t
thous. of Ib
30, 545
8,827
31,096
40, 967
31, 329
61, 350
31, 834
23, 126
24, 378
13, 955
38, 516
Imports, total
_
_
._ do _ _ .
32, 589
11,492
19, 028
5,739
2,802
7,946
16, 855
11,335
1,609
4,505
4,925
2,168
Paint oils
do
2,811
23, 382
19, 053
44, 495
26, 592
21, 939
6,025
22, 769
22, 500
17, 387
All other vegetable oils
do
11, 788
33, 591
29, 778
Copra:
17, 624
27, 377
33, 343
29, 959
34, 932
25, 148
19, 754
Consumption, factory
short tons
21, 356
30, 203
36, 773
26, 914
38, 306
46,206
5,265
26, 359
19, 559
14, 864
14, 337
15, 034
Stocks, end of month
do__ _
20, 574
10, 010
8,333
16, 618
15, 536
12, 769
18, 710
19, 049
21, 824
20, 676
58, 361
20, 638
22, 677
38,
594
Imports
do
26, 006
32, 655
40, 940
51, 251
27, 909
Coconut or copra oil:
Production:
23, 014
27, 554
35, 185
42, 657
32, 682
47, 231
44, 961
38, 454
25, 762
Crude
thous of Ib
38, 933
34 368
48 892
58 979
21, 203
23, 682
19, 488
21, 453
20, 545
21, 522
25, 022
29, 168
Refined
do
28. 162
24, 473
30, 374
23, 139
29, 169
Consumption, factory:
47, 098
43, 827
47, 369
38, 592
43, 620
42, 566
46, 903
42, 585
44, 905
36,014
53, 219
54, 538
Crude
_ _ _ do ._
55, 248
19, 529
21, 842
19, 962
17, 838
22, 533
25, 224
24, 483
21, 288
Refined
do
22, 827
28, 147
26, 248
25, 914
19, 689
Stocks, end of month:
39, 135
63, 978
64, 224
44, 208
52, 180
73, 280
83, 124
47, 880
82, 365
56, 132
101, 042
112, 977
Crude
do
-71, 318
7,893
8,807
8,976
11, 423
8,805
10, 059
9,063
8,477
8,728
6,723
11, 876
7,945
Refined
.
__. do
8,283
8,569
14, 475
24, 930
6,950
8,442
10, 049
7,796
7,852
14, 512
14, 485
2,330
17, 020
Imports
do
Cottonseed:
1,593
975
602
115
94
353
' 1,248
212
19
15
117
1,382
30
Receipts at mills _ _ _ _ thous. of short tons _
614
707
670
520
473
325
147
586
Consumption (crush)
do
711
262
197
207
748.
r
941
2,129
1,665
1,260
881
132
2,067
586
162
278
1,575
1,871
343
Stocks at mills, end of month
do
Cottonseed cake and meal:
r
322, 572
231,639
300, 891
272, 678
209, 422
143, 338
94, 081 r253, 763
318, 208
85, 660
66, 340
334, 030
Production
short tons
117,678
92, 253
88, 354
52, 759
Stocks at mills, end of month _ _ _ _ __ do
80, 246
78, 427
81, 515
100, 297
95, 907
95, 806
104, 700
65, 949
98, 076
116, 912
Cottonseed oil, crude:
195,053
167, 157
107,085
64, 805 r 184, 291
223, 733
227, 956
211, 964
153,918
65, 569
242 687
87, 873
48, 656
Production
thous. of Ib
r
141,085
188, 390
198, 729
184, 758
97, 778
157, 722
168, 447
52, 233
40, 908
123, 462
118, 896
76, 240
88, 766
Stocks, end of month
do
Cottonseed oil, refined:
141,105
182,062
177, 824
156, 949
150, 595
119, 975
1 13, 309
115,419
97, 996
61, 255
71, 976
Production
_
do _ _ 178,087
178, 666
122, 995
124, 750
142, 409
115,282
130, 378
133, 361
122, 772
117,056
125, 584
138, 639
110, 959
129, 424
138, 828
Consumption, factory
do
44, 065
38, 635
45, 687
40, 976
38, 569
40, 819
32, 771
32, 728
30, 560
28, 882
32, 076
37, 530
In oleomargarine
_ _ do
83,053
168,081
202, 869
220, 937
242, 512
236, 197
120, 774
186, 268
132, 766
72, 590
125, 176
Stocks, end of month.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ do
227, 587
69, 708
Price, wholesale, summer, yellow, prime (N. Y.)
.199
.174
.155
.125
.215
.221
.143
.136
dol. per lb__
.134
.122
.140
.129
.158
Flaxseed:
4
3 52, 533
41, 153
Production (crop estimate)
thous of bu
Oil mills:
3,505
2,241
2,981
3,006
3,886
3,098
3,178
2,660
2,393
3,528
3,177
3,985
Consumption
_
- do
3,468
7,744
2,104
4,932
6,775
5, 313
8,538
7,076
3,142
1,513
2,227
8,139
1,960
7,553
Stocks, end of month
do
1
5
20
12
58
13
0
0
46
10
7
0
Imports
do
3.91
6.01
6.00
6.00
3.86
3.94
6.00
6.00
6.00
Price, wholesale, No. 1 (Minn.)
dol. per b u _ _
6.00
3.85
(5)
(5)
Linseed oil:
6
e 58, 542 6 60, 949 e 43, 510
58, 111
62, 645
e 52, 794
e 77, 071 6 72. 923
60, 973
6 45, 497
8 70, 927 e 69, 949
Production _ _ _
__
_
thous. of lb__
67, 803
31,331 e 26, 208 6 27, 663 631,966 6 25. 432 8 23, 734 6 26, 402 6 35, 262 e 42, 723 6 49, 884 6 44, 411
39, 347
31, 707
Consumption, factory
do
210, 894
226, 403 e 209, 559 6 239, 449 e 270, 035 6 310, 827 6 321, 765 6 363, 431 6 378, 788 6 407, 230 6 421, 115 6 433, 921
Stocks at factory, end of month. _
do _ _ 190, 988
.290
.288
.288
.288
.293
2.92
.288
.288
.25C
.216
.276
.208
Price, wholesale (N. Y)
dol. per Ib
.192
Soybeans:
4
3220 201
215 222
Production (crop estimate)
thous of bu
r
15, 520
15, 937
13, 849
16, 154
17, 032
15, 264
13, 551 T 11,996
16, 677
16, 830
15, 459
15, 302
Consumption, factory
_ do
17, 522
44, 415
55, 564
49, 721
36, 305
29, 029
48, 781
58, 392
22, 992
18, 333
6,549
12, 477
10, 606
63, 576
Stocks, end of month
do
Soybean oil:
Production:
162, 648
151, 137
156, 088
136, 015
136, 864
154, 757
167, 689
154, 183
150, 583
160, 081
155, 148
172,419
Crude
thous. of Ib
120, 756
124, 100
125, 950
135, 106
116, 910
137, 081
127, 425
118, 045
124, 209
91, 632
110, 908
127, 703
125, 902
Refined
do__
110, 190
103, 591
97, 934
99, 891
130, 314
130, 934
123, 969
141, 462
95, 915
98, 468
120, 798
97, 345
119, 778
Consumption, factory, refined
do
136, 199
Stocks, end of month:
134, 229
140, 245
132, 959
105, 365
62, 351
77, 432
88, 631
82, 793
71, 925
56, 223
101, 100
67, 314
90, 881
Crude
do
119, 744
112, 523
109, 463
123, 562
102, 045
48, 725
69, 216
86, 576
76, 384
93, 929
92, 807
56, 790
55, 410
Refined
do
.173
.154
.259
.237
.209
.250
.158
.154
.141
.157
.145
Price, wholesale, edible (N. Y.)
dol. per lb__
.142
.175
r
Revised.
i Beginning January 1949, data include for animal fats, 45 plants and for greases, 23 plants not previously reporting; operations at these plants in January (thous. of Ibs.): Animal
fats—production, 3,290; stocks, 3,804; greases—production, 953; stocks, 1,949.
2 Beginning January 1949, data on original reports show further details on certain refined oils which are believed
to have been included formerly in the crude oil figures. January 1949 figures for the items excluded beginning in that month (thous. of Ibs.): Sesame—consumption, 29; stocks, 142; rapeseed—
consumption,
550;
stocks,
2,763;
linseed
oil—production,
8,900;
consumption,
15,062;
stocks, 45, 560; other vegetable oils—production, 955; consumption, 1,503; stocks, 1,604.
3
4
5
December 1 estimate.
November 1 estimate.
No sales.
e See note "2" for this page.
t Revised series. Beginning in the September 1949 SURVEY, data include oleomargarine of vegetable or animal origin.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-26
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
Septem-
79, 106
79, 346
74, 408
71, 172
October
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Continued
FATS, OILS, ETC,— Continued
Vegetable oils, oilseeds, etc.— Continued
Oleomargarine:
Production
thous. of Ib
Consumption (tax-paid withdrawals)
do
Price, wholesale, vegetable, delivered (Chicago)
dol. perlb__
Shortenings and compounds:
Production
thous. of Ib
Stocks, end of month
do
79, 626
78, 319
72, 377
72, 997
74, 308
69, 918
81, 652
80, 336
76, 045
75, 305
80, 185
78, 964
65, 754
64, 719
59, 613
60, 415
63, 590
61, 978
56, 118
55, 366
.323
.315
.303
.283
.269
.256
.229
.224
.224
.224
.248
.249
.224
125, 517
53, 137
134, 629
52, 508
129, 341
66, 390
114, 917
73, 773
112, 150
70, 850
125, 607
72, 800
119, 576
80, 436
125, 908
84, 851
122, 213
85, 821
83, 355
64, 438
156, 696
52, 851
133,849
59, 315
123 178
62, 860
Paint, varnish, lacquer, and filler, total
thous. of doL.
Classified, total
_
do.. _
Industrial
do
Trade _
__do
Unclassified
do
81, 759
74, 048
31, 590
42, 459
7,711
71, 778
65, 116
29, 864
35, 252
6,662
65, 824
59, 386
28, 797
30, 589
6,438
76, 961
69, 853
27, 950
41, 903
7,108
70, 190
63, 968
26, 124
37, 844
6,222
84, 124
75, 938
30, 178
45, 760
8,186
86, 236
77, 852
28, 473
49, 379
8,384
89, 083
79, 913
27, 582
52, 331
9,170
88, 465
79, 546
28, 755
50, 791
8,919
74,215
67, 613
25, 775
41, 839
6,601
87, 911
79, 375
30, 821
48, 554
8,537
SYNTHETIC PLASTICS AND RESIN
MATERIALS
Production:*
Cellulose acetate and mixed ester plastics:
Sheets, rods, and tubes. _
thous. of Ib
Molding and extrusion materials. __ _
do
Nitrocellulose, sheets, rods, and tubes
do
Other cellulose plastics _. _
__do
Phenolic and other tar acid resins
do
Polystyrene..
do
Urea and melamine resins.
.do
Vinyl resins
do
Alkyd resins
do
Rosin modifications
do
Miscellaneous resins
.
do
1,947
4,781
936
1,209
24, 982
16, 520
0)
21, 872
1,690
4,495
806
873
23, 101
14, 398
0)
21, 235
1,745
3,951
752
1,034
21, 588
13, 209
(0
20, 110
2 8, 913
2 9, 675
2 10, 247
1,826
4,077
810
784
21, 428
12, 830
10, 868
22, 467
16, 918
7,279
18, 115
1,521
4,322
691
890
20, 195
14, 920
10, 641
19, 065
15, 242
7,098
17, 095
1,563
4,548
728
1,010
20, 585
17, 257
9,248
22, 219
16, 038
7,848
16, 084
1,329
4,610
750
1,022
18, 260
17, 548
8,500
23, 613
16, 069
8,182
14, 547
1,650
3,449
754
709
14, 828
16, 331
8,049
20, 407
17, 853
7,516
14, 162
1,242
4,303
626
176
14, 952
15, 029
7,931
20, 636
19, 149
7,584
14, 825
1,332
3,431
372
433
11,232
15, 905
6,273
18, 853
17, 304
6,631
14, 877
1,405
4,626
'517
113
' 17, 834
19, 749
r
9, 569
23,663
r
19 258
r
8, 103
r
16, 646
1,530
5,798
431
712
22, 560
20,723
10, 299
29,106
21 182
9,918
19, 399
PAINT SALES
r
r
r
r
84, 376
75, 453
30, 227
45,
225
T
8 923
75, 807
68, 603
28 673
39, 930
7 203
ELECTRIC POWER AND GAS
ELECTRIC POWER
Production (utility and industrial), total
mil. of kw.-hr__
Electric utilities, total
do___
By fuels
do
By water power _
do _ _
Privately and municipally owned utilities
mil. of kw.-hr__
Other producers
do
Industrial establishments, total
do
Byfuels .
.
do _ _
By water power
do
Sales to ultimate customers, total (Edison Electric
Institute)
mil of kw -hr
Commercial and industrial:
Small light and power
do
Large light and power
do
Railways and railroads
do
Residential or domestic.. _ _
do __
Rural (distinct rural rates)
do
Street and highway lighting.
_ do__
Other public authorities
do
Interdepartmental
_.
do
Revenue from sales to ultimate customers (Edison
Electric Institute)
thous. of dol
29, 058
24, 385
18, 409
5,976
28, 768
24, 180
17, 587
6,594
30, 478
25, 716
18, 250
7,467
30, 374
25, 570
17,803
7,767
27, 463
22, 996
15, 701
7,295
29, 514
24, 721
16, 585
8,136
27, 745
23, 215
15, 057
8,158
27, 875
23, 348
15,290
8,058
28, 025
23,617
16, 393
7,224
27, 946
23, 684
16, 355
7,330
29,492
25, 021
17, 672
7,349
28, 358
23, 922
16 946
6,976
28, 110
24,288
17 353
6,936
21,004
3,381
4,673
4,382
292
20,811
3,369
4,587
4,254
333
21, 985
3,731
4,762
4,340
422
21,838
3,733
4,804
4,355
449
19, 506
3,490
4,467
4,027
440
21, 028
3,694
4,793
4,327
466
19, 749
3,466
4,530
4,053
478
19, 785
3,563
4,526
4,048
479
20, 034
3,583
4,407
4,012
395
19, 973
3,711
4, 262
3,881
381
20, 965
4.055
4,471
4,067
404
19, 934
3 987
4 436
4 055
382
20, 430
3 858
3 822
3,465
357
20 511
20, 678
21, 465
21, 831
21, 143
20, 882
20, 420
19, 914
19,904
19 960
20 769
20 895
3,634
10, 796
530
4,172
570
233
526
50
3 651
10, 673
532
4,495
487
2'1
540
48
3,823
10, 720
613
4,959
472
270
557
52
3,834
10, 647
595
5,424
459
266
560
46
3,835
10, 220
532
5,269
456
2?3
550
48
3,709
10, 304
580
5,006
465
229
53<6
52
3,685
10, 141
525
4,763
531
205
522
48
3,611
9,967
499
4,464
627
190
510
46
3, 759
9,888
473
4, 375
664
178
522
46
3,975
9, 533
462
4,419
825
184
516
46
4,033
10, 130
470
4,422
873
202
592
46
4 046
10 158
452
4 618
809
224
541
46
367, 712
375, 038
390, 128
398, 487
389, 527
382, 150
374, 713
368, 578
371, 446
375, 419
382, 161
387 529
GAS
Manufactured and mixed gas (quarterly) :
Customers, end of quarter, total
thousands
Residential (incl. house-heating) _
do
Industrial and commercial
do
Sales to consumers, total.. __
.mil. of cu. ft
Residential
,
do
Industrial and commercial
do
Revenue from sales to consumers, total
thous. of dol
Residential (incl. house-heating) _.
do
Industrial and commercial
do
Natural gas (quarterly) :
Customers end of quarter, total
thousands
Residential (incl. house-heating) __
do
Industrial and commercial
do
Sales to consumers, total
mil. of cu. ft
Residential (incl. house-heating) _. __
do
Industrial and commercial
do
Revenue from sales to consumers, total
thous. of dol
Residential (incl. house-heating)
do
Industrial and commercial
_ _
do.
10, 537
9,844
686
143, 721
94, 456
47, 938
10, 590
9,885
697
186, 071
128, 942
55, 576
10, 541
9,842
691
139, 231
90,229
47, 875
143, 338
105, 368
37, 089
176, 698
131, 379
44, 272
144, 513
107, 058
36, 725
11, 773
10, 894
869
749, 156
216, 009
501, 618
11, 971
10, 961
1,000
924, 244
390, 136
511, 640
12, 328
11, 293
1,026
715, 282
192, 659
501, 154
259, 309
136, 622
117, 423
358, 296
224, 031
130, 165
246, 490
127, 776
115, 064
r
1
2
Revised.
Not available for publication.
Not comparable with data beginning January 1949 because of the inclusion at that time of some companies not previously reporting.
*New series. The data for production, compiled by the U. S. Tariff Commission beginning July 1948, are essentially comparable with the series for shipments and consumption (reported
by the Bureau of the Census) previously shown here, except for inventory changes (which tend to balance out over a short period) and the inclusion of a few companies not formerly covered.
Unpublished figures for July 1948 are shown on p. 26 of the October 1949 SURVEY. Data for alkyd resins and rosin modifications are not available prior to 1949.
SUEVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-27
1948
October
1949
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
' 8, 331
' 7, 567
9,646
' 9, 258
' 8, 629
' 9, 879
9,382
8 722
10, 147
August
September
October
7, 392
7 285
9,836
6 438
9 252
FOODSTUFFS AND TOBACCO
ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
Fermented malt liquors:
Production
thous. of bbl Tax-paid withdrawals
do
Stocks end of month
do
Distilled spirits:
Production
thous. of tax gal
Consumption, apparent, for beverage purposes
thous. of wine gal..
Tax-paid withdrawals. __ thous. of tax gal._
Stocks, end of month
do
Imports __
_ _ _ _ - _ _ - thous. of proof gal. .
Whisky:
Production
___thous. of tax gaL.
Tax-paid withdrawals
do.
Stocks end of month
do
Imports
thous. of proof gal._
Bectifled spirits and wines, production, total
thous. of proof gal _ _
Whisky
do
Wines and distilling materials:
Sparkling wines:
Production
thous. of wine gal..
Tax-paid withdrawals
. __ . do_ .
Stocks, end of month-.
do_ Imports
- do.
Still wines:
Production
do
Tax-paid withdrawals
_ _ _ _ __do
Stocks end of month
- --do- __
Imports
__do
Distilling materials produced at wineries. _ -do
6,693
6,366
9,064
' 6, 174
' 6, 667
8,278
6,807
' 6, 568
' 8, 212
' 6, 050
' 5, 596
8,410
' 34, 815 ' 37, 053 ' 29, 391 '21,863
'16,512
20, 175
18, 516
' 11, 456 12,154
' 7, 379
r
615, 401 ' 621, 677 ' 635, 688
1.524
1,380
1,507
' 12, 212
f
r
' 17,572
3,965
' 559, 823
1,329
14, 036
' 6, 091
6,602
547, 534
542, 263
1,247
1,388
' 13, 741 'r 14, 456
r 12, 752
13, 378
51
256
' 133, 683
71
168
81
'162
1,640
45
54
127
1,729
r 64, 97£
11, 294
r
195, 087
'r 9, 758
8, 798
1,525
97
941
' 7, 761
' 7, 084
' 8, 708
' 233, 170
250
294
'7,314
' 6, 507
' 9, 248
' 19, 631 ' 20, 232 ' 16, 922 ' 16, 823 ' 13, 732
12, 741
14, 038
12, 919
13,300
' 7, 264
' 7, 755 ' 7, 826
9,334
654, 589 ' 661, 728 ' 668, 421 ' 674, 661
974
874
1,109
1,097
13, 078
' 7, G32
677, 344
1,111
' 14, 878 14, 148
' 11, 536 ' 10, 971
14, 462
7,852
' 3, 970
' 4, 229
4,720
' 3, 884
' 3, 732
3 537
569, 734 r 578, 342 ' 586, 592 ' 593 094 ' 599 561 602 926
836
783
994
752
1,017
1,027
' 7, 421
' 6, 627
'100
68
1,545
23
' 8, 474 ' 10, 202
' 7, 739 ' 9, 207
60
57
74
65
1,530
1,515
25
21
' 5, 413
'887
821
833
' 11, 194
' 9, 856 ' 9, 696 '11 709
223, 774 ' 213, 595 '203,618 ' 191, 799
r 48, 210
r 12, 307
r
11,690
' 6, 549
646, 272
' 5, 721
' 5, 475
' 8, 399
212
' 8, 306
' 7, 345
'188
53
' 1, 647
32
640
' 8, 931
7 908
' 9, 069
7 889
8,818
9, 182
8 901
10, 032
11, 581
16, 704
26 093
12, 323
8,067
676, 337
' 878
12, 336
8,072
675, 217
14, 121
9,471
673, 701
1,329
11, 438
671 309
5,099
4,048
602 865
5,959
4,383
603 231
914
8,703
5,311
604 768
1,226
9 246
6 101
606 210
8,008
6 864
9,043
7 681
10, 228
9 250
12, 400
11 247
803
985
98
62
163
77
54
49
1,673
1,743
1,742
28
13
1 808
1 734
658
584
435
1 334
8 788
145 702
19 085
11 303
154 365
4,900
37, 979
26
' 9, 585 '8 885
' 182, 156 ' 173, 518
8 815
162 586
6, 122
7 763
155 034
128
62
14
47
99
35
' 13, 476
1,060
217
491
' 84, 888
33 615
.645
92, 030
18 737
.630
91, 210
8 718
.633
111, 865
6 318
.616
123, 820
15 338
.599
158, 675
51 056
.597
155, 585
102 701
.590
136, 870
136 786
.599
129, 355
153 855
.618
'71,613
52 142
148, 100
126 534
2,272
80, 120
60 580
135, 110
116 779
1,423
79, 300
59 540
126, 503
111 073
1 533
95, 610
72 140
120, 563
105 608
2' 035
113, 010
88 330
125, 903
109 920
2 393
142, 645
115 585
134, 765
117 021
r 2 4Q2
136, 585
112 265
162, 256
140 859
2 794
118, 350
96 950
185, 517
162 346
2 206
107, 690 ' 93, 010 80, 345
C-l OflK
87 440 r 73 900
210, 411 ' 213, 433 210, 172
1 8fi 4.Q1
183 208 '188 259
2 442
1 804
.410
.371
.348
.336
.337
.341
.343
.330
' 14, 470 ' 12, 965
'11,767
r
9 932 ' 10 800 r 10 250
' 143, 359 ' 155, 350 ' 160, 300
r 14 100
97 , 666
' 1, 802
'405
221
929
253
238
177
513
148
713
145
188
DAIRY PRODUCTS
Butter, creamery:
Production (factory) t _ .
thous . of Ib . . ' 91, 858 ' 80, 306
83,412
Stocks cold storage, end of month
...do.-60, 214
.644
.629
Price, wholesale, 92-score (New York)_dol. per lb-.
Cheese:
Production (factory), total {__
thous. of lb._ ' 81, 203 rr 67, 072
' 61, 914 48 833
American whole milk t
_
do
Stocks, cold storage, end of month, total. _ _do. 195, 470
164, 410
American whole milk
__do_167, 535
140 791
3,199
Impor ts
do
3,090
Price, wholesale, American, single daisies (Chi.420
cago)
dol. per lb-.
.397
Condensed and evaporated milk:
Production: J
Condensed (sweetened):
Bulk goods
thous. of lb._ r r13, 300 '11,085
r
Case goods
- __
__ _ _ -do 8, 329
7, 847
' 221, 710 '151,414
Evaporated (unsweetened), case goods -__do
Stocks, manufacturers', case goods, end of month:
Condensed (sweetened)
thous. of Ib.13, 408
14, 824
Evaporated (unsweetened)
do _
622 624
542 810
Exports:
Condensed (sweetened) __
do
10, 455
4,367
Evaporated (unsweetened)
do
19, 316
15, 836
Prices, wholesale, U. S. average:
Condensed (sweetened)..
dol. per case..
9.93
9.60
E vaporated (unsweetened)
do
6.26
5.94
Fluid milk:
Production
mil. of lb..
8,748
8,031
Utilization in mfd. dairy products
_. -do .
3 336
2 724
Price, dealers', standard grade
dol. per 100 lb._
5.30
5.27
Dry milk:
Production: t
r
r
Dry whole milk. __ __ __ _
thous. of Ib
11, 773
7, 962
r
Nonfat dry milk solids (human food)
do
38, 779
' 37, 173
Stocks, manufacturers', end of month:
Dry whole milk
do
30 713
25 967
r
Nonfat dry milk solids (human food)
do
73, 114
51, 986
Exports:
Dry whole milk... __ _
do
7,061
6,217
Nonfat dry milk solids (human food)
do
16, 406
23, 901
Price wholesale, nonfat dry milk solids (human
food), U. S. average
dol. perlb..
.158
.159
r
12, 576
424 619
8,713
49, 058
9,504
297 463
7,759
206 464
' 11, 442
7,322
'31,152
' 31, 795
'15,145
215, 750
'114,310
' 154 455
.622
.352
.358
' 22, 910 ' 39, 450 ' 34, 275 ' 22, 490 ' 26, 130
r 12 250
' 12 350
' 8 650
10 550
8 800
' 266, 250 ' 361, 150 ' 350, 650 ' 306, 750 ' 273, 650
' 22, 320
5 7^0
212, 750
8,350
177 077
9,511
189 735
11, 390
298 661
13, 059
379 000
11, 778
454 397
8,559
477 81°
6,758
484 246
11, 021
' 21, 688
9,901
' 20, 971
7,657
' 24, 517
8,903
24, 391
6,205
22, 967
4,500
11, 209
5,692
12, 368
103, 130
1 4.1 Q7^
.625
.356
16, 300
4 A7K
167, 750
6,925
At)R
CQA
9.60
5.95
9.60
5.81
9.48
5.66
9.10
5.45
9.10
5.18
9.10
5.05
9.10
5.09
9.10
5.12
9.10
5.11
9.10
5.08
9.10
5.08
8,215
2 866
5.25
8,671
3 143
5.16
8,276
3 113
5.04
9,558
3 833
4.89
10, 226
4 394
4.67
11, 888
5 640
4.58
12, 303
5 482
4.56
11, 544
4 828
4.61
10, 546
9,390
r q ofio
'4.71
9,004
12 275 ' 13 715 T 12 225
' 98, 350 ' 122, 400 ' 112, 200
12 620
' 88, 360
in son
' 76, 750
in 795
63, 050
54, 150
57, 037
'9 153 ' 10 850 ' 8 540 11 150
' 50, 180 ' 55, 500 ' 59, 500 ' 80, 000
A 4.7 K
4.66
18 491
44, 738
16 098
49, 627
14 928
63, 320
15 479
71, 784
14 198
76, 114
16 096
95, 387
104, 868
19 059
98, 020
96, 994
80, 060
11,439
19, 704
11,431
26, 496
8 229
5,620
4 616
8,288
6 666
26, 248
10 014
16, 226
5 873
14, 042
5 499
2,857
7 336
20, 579
5 449
44, 267
.151
.131
.115
.115
.117
.118
.116
.117
.118
.121
3 297
12, 971
12, 633
3 229
9,028
10, 319
3 161
5,491
11,571
2 065
3,318
10, 210
1 776
1,' 294
10, 051
343
9,002
175
7,902
412
6,390
17 377
4.74
.123
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Apples:
Production (crop estimate)
.thous. of bu_
Shipments, carlot..
.. _
no. of carloads
Stocks, cold storage, end of month— thous. of bu_.
Citrus fruits, carlot shipments
no. of carloads..
Frozen fruits, stocks, cold storage, end of month
thous. of lb._
Frozen vegetables, stocks, cold storage, end of
month
thous. of lb._
Potatoes, white:
Production (crop estimate)
thous. of bu__
Shipments, carlot
no. of carloads
Price, wholesale, U. S. No. 1 (New York)
dol. per 1001 bs.
r
Revised.
1 December 1 estimate.
7,737
22, 413
8,604
4,791
21, 836
9,580
i 90, 288
3 505
17, 813
15, 334
362, 423
346, 941
335, 940
317, 695
301, 249
266, 581
237, 419
237, 856
255, 787
327,090
339, 588
' 355, 552
311, 968
308, 829
281, 825
262, 047
229, 506
206, 061
191, 666
186, 821
219, 515
237, 847
315, 788
' 368, 552
1
33, 052
24 026
445, 850
26 437
3.193
3. 302
3.699
2 November 1 estimate.
2 133 3fiQ
764
549
24 226
12 045
5.258
t Revisions prior to October 1948 are available upon request.
3.546
3.287
25 415
35 867
26 059
4.628
4.474
4.568
4.623
r 9 5R4,
' 14, 777
' 4, 790
35, 566
5,519
346, 640
386, 435
2 38Q g32
22 999
21 394
CA7
U
OA-t
3.498
r 1Q OKA
3.236
2.873
SURVEY OF CUERENT BUSINESS
S-28
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1948
October
November
1949
December
February
January
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
FOODSTUFFS AND TOBACCO—Continued
GRAINS AND GRAIN PRODUCTS
Exports, principal grains, including flour and meal
thous. of bu__ ' 55, 153
Barley:
Production (crop estimate)
do
12, 570
Receipts, principal markets
_ _ . _„ do __
Stocks, domestic, end of month:
18, 847
Commercial _
_ _
do_ __
On farms
do
' 3, 644
Exports including malt
do
Prices, wholesale (Minneapolis):
1. 517
No. 2, malting
. dol. per bu__
1.419
No 3, straight
do
Corn:
Production (crop estimate)
mil of bu
Grindings wet process
thous. of bu
Receipts principal markets
do
Stocks, domestic, end of month:
Commercial
_
_
do
On farms
mil of bu
Exports including meal
thous of bu
Prices, wholesale:
No. 3, white (Chicago)
dol. per bu__
No 3 yellow (Chicago)
- __do _ _
Weighted average, 5 markets, all grades, -do
Oats:
Receipts, principal markets
Stocks, domestic, end of month:
Commercial
do
Exports, including oatmeal
do
Price, wholesale, No. 3, white (Chicago)
dol. per bu_.
Rice:
Rye:
Production (crop estimate)
thous. of bu_ Receipts, principal markets
- do
Stocks, commercial, domestic, end of month_do_._Price, wholesale, No. 2 (Minn.)
dol. per bu_.
Wheat:
(Cr-i e. ti
10, 616
i 317, 037
11,300
do
thous. of bu_-
Stocks, end of month:
Canada (Canadian wheat)
- - - do. _
United States domestic totaled
do. _
Commercial
do
Interior mills, elevators, and warehouses
thous. of bu__
O f
do
do
Prices, wholesale:
No. 1, dark northern spring (Minneapolis)
dol. per bu_.
No. 2, hard winter (Kansas City)
_ do
No 2, red winter (St Louis)
do
Weighted avg., 6 markets, all grades . _ do_ __
' 65, 849
8,323
5,254
r
45, 380
' 57, 458
47, 295
46, 059
59, 045
46,153
8,991
5,860
11, 906
19, 312
24, 843
24, 940
14, 954
2 234, 025
11,003
16, 457
156, 600
1,162
15, 214
12, 426
10, 057
33, 056
1,636
4,199
6,410
33, 976
146, 268
3, 382
35, 942
1,390
14, 922
59,311
2,111
24, 659
2,653
11, 197
111, 511
2,864
9,491
2,614
1.554
1.447
1.480
1.346
1.474
1.375
1.344
1.242
1.312
1.200
1.256
1.178
1.249
1.184
1.253
1.163
1,290
1.236
1.327
1.299
1.523
1.455
1.556
1.502
10, 517
26, 339
11, 197
63, 005
i 3, 651
9,927
45, 269
9,958
38, 281
9,357
20, 139
9,902
23, 694
8,813
19, 646
8,632
21, 198
8,910
21, 977
8,658
19,683
10, 637
22, 064
10, 501
23, 967
4,621
39, 002
43, 903
i: 582
5,711
11, 251
8,209
8,926
8,369
9, 614
699.2
7,116
20, 020
13. 081
10, 888
1,239.4
4,611
4,744
11,355
25, 895
1, 776. 2
21, 267
15, 266
6,890
50, 328
2, 519. 6
11,040
50, 639
1,225
1.477
1.470
1.375
1.449
1.381
1.272
1.443
1.424
1.329
1.464
1.428
1.303
(3)
1.271
1.160
1.427
1.337
1.224
1.403
1.370
1.322
1.410
1.358
1.279
(3)
1.353
1.276
1.451
1.402
1.327
1.340
1.307
1.256
1.262
1.312
1.238
1.390
1.152
1.134
9,864
8,861
1, 492
9,335
9,321
5.311
8,915
10, 175
9,874
13, 988
33, 804
24, 804
9,338
15, 031
10, 424
5,916
1,662
30, 095
' 2, 539
r 1, 869
'503
6,167
270, 264
3,182
17,745
r 2, 988
4,215
577, 945
'1,392
3, 635
2,530
11, 433
927, 488
2,936
9,544
3,552
562
6,719
27, 462
1,049 342
1,765
.778
.878
.866
.819
.753
.741
.701
.673
.638
.637
678
2
3, 358
11, 206
43, 947
2
.741
r
1, 321
5,953
25, 254
.687
2
i 81, 170
87, 491
40, 833
42, 987
53, 677
21, 904
27, 300
18, 049
37, 216
19, 003
55, 691
61, 988
48, 913
30, 421
45, 785
26, 728
46, 994
31,908
68, 741
64, 909
48, 951
26, 998
236, 472
48, 435
63, 368
45, 769
56, 962
56, 651
59, 154
38, 289
37, 944
39, 358
35, 752
13, 806
16, 508
114, 029
2,602
229, 040
"1,485
219, 803
544
149, 711
684
130, 522
841
141, 767
665
120, 202
412
134, 241
377
132, 777
183
78, 233
781
81, 631
4,315
194, 961
4,188
265, 382
530, 676
83, 406
150
.100
r 574, 806
117, 935
202
.091
519, 213
146, 866
534
.103
434, 167
92, 254
215
.098
379, 906
69, 715
103
.093
332, 121
51,418
439
.093
286, 353
117, 042
458
.092
202, 235
113, 173
' 106, 781 60, 952
772
809
.089
.091
57, 291
88, 768
909
.087
65, 554
39, 932
605
.084
316, 540
63, 013
423
(3)
489, 341
1,946
4,322
1.645
1,714
5,376
1.731
i 26, 388
1,858
4,838
1.676
245
2,971
1.364
431
2,075
1.352
3,348
3,618
1.361
1,772
4,091
1.454
3,131
6,170
1.384
1, 043
5,435
1.428
97, 925
29, 478
89, 946
28, 920
36, 376
4,996
242, 475
46, 870
28, 534
180, 518
169, 448
206, 600 ~ 181^ 917
rio
flour
' 58, 612 ' 60, 184
1,570
18, 741
i •;, i
Winter wheat
Receipts, principal markets
Exports total including
Wheat onlv'
r 54, 234
1
thous. of bu_-
California:
Receipts, domestic, rough. _.
thous. of lb__
Shipments from mills, milled
rice
do_
Stocks, rough and cleaned (cleaned basis), end
of month _
thous. of lb-_
Southern States (Ark., La., Tenn., Tex.):
Receipts, rough, at mills.thous. of bbl. (162 lb.)_
Shipments from mills, milled rice- thous. of lb-_
Stocks, domestic, rough and cleaned (cleaned
basis), end of month
thous. of lb__
Exportst
do
Imports
do
Price, wholesale, head, clean (N. 6.). -dol. per lb_-
41, 906
46, 481
35, 919
30, 916
19, 756
2.387
2.226
2.263
2.282
2.473
2.282
2. 359
2.367
i 1, 288. 4
i 298. 3
i 990. 1
30, 397
290, 546
r
2
r 735
3,980
1. 632
36, 604
' 280, 287
27, 560
14, 067
155, 367
142, 276
~ 150, 165
125," 504
130, 737
118, 551
578, 863
124, 656 "Il6," 806"
203, 984
103, 377
381, 667
' 39, 094 r 40, 572
29,123
25, 917
' 41, 389
30, 771
148, 287
63, 229
239, 315
r 39, 095
32, 358
r 29, 812
23, 020
2.351
2.250
2.294
2.286
2.337
2.196
2.287
2.246
2.348
2.241
2.329
2.278
2.342
2.260
2.366
2.285
2.397
2.287
2.444
2.308
727
2,732
1.362
748
2,993
1.346
18,831
2,187
5,401
1.465
2
17, 923
166, 144
859, 077
166, 348
(3)
49, 082
64, 749
274, 325
89, 097
70, 146
54, 488
305, 773
128, 158 "~234~493~
114,242
130, 305
76, 031
86, 400
260,412
50, 170
304, 149
1, 126. 2
22 231. 4
894. 9
27, 586
176, 459
162. 524
1, 127, 975
' 261, 109 "244," 664"
' 46, 555
40, 617
75, 859
32, 361
65, 598
36, 667
30, 313
31,796
24, 789
37, 366
34, 230
265, 186
132, 852
459, 556
33, 495
30, 082
2.328
2.221
2.344
2.254
2.367
1.951
1.828
2.160
2. 379
2.004
1.872
2.096
2.285
2.060
1.865
2.185
2.374
2.152
2.013
2.253
2.431
2.188
2.083
2.282
Wheat flour:
Production:!
20, 116
20, 895
18, 994
23, 099
22, 695 ' 22, 383 ' 19, 760 ' 20, 178 * 17, 007 '17,152
19, 957 ' 20, 357
24, 380
Flour
thous. of sacks (100 Ib.)
66.1
69.0
65.3
82.2
'64.8
'57.0
'59.9
63.5
70.2
79.9
74.6
'74.9
'78.0
Operations percent of capacity
390, 721
380, 597
429. 907
431, 000 r 424, 801 ' 377, 295 f 388, 055 ' 330, 126 ' 334, 365
405,
071
466, 000
438, 000
'
413,
639
Offal
short tons
46, 344
44, 222
48, 740
52, 892
' 45, 300 r 46, 420
' 39, 168 ' 39, 573
55,891
51, 986 r 51, 274
46, 561 ' 47, 541
Grindings of wheatf
thous of bu
Stocks held by mills, end of month
4,500
5,428
4,800
5,118
thous of sacks (100 Ib )
1,346
2,727
3,007
' 4, 784 ' 3, 041
' 3, 044
4,713
5,038
* 5, 062
' 2, 623
1,465
5,897
Exports
do
Prices, wholesale:
Standard patents (Minneapolis)
5.575
5.512
5.600
5.715
5.400
5.255
5. 775
5.750
5.445
5.469
5.269
5.340
5.712
dol. per sack (100 Ib.)
4.915
5.194
4.869
5.069
5.231
5.106
4.869
5.169
5.140
5.135
5.119
4.980
4.938
Winter, straights (Kansas City).
.-do
r
2
3
Revised.
i December 1 estimate.
November 1 estimate.
No quotation.
d"The total includes wheat owned by the Commodity Credit Corporation and stored off farms in its own steel and wooden bins; such data are not included in the break-down of stocks.
tRevised series. Data for rough rice, included in rice exports, have been revised using a new conversion factor supplied by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, which takes into account changes in milling practices; revisions beginning 1933 are available upon request. Revised data for January 1947 to July 1948 for wheat-flour production and grindings of wheat will be
published later.
SUEVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-29
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
July
June
August
September
October
FOODSTUFFS AND TOBACCO—Continued
LIVESTOCK
Cattle and calves:
Slaughter (Federally inspected) :
Calves _
_ .thous. of animals _
Cattle
do
Receipts, principal markets
do
Shipments, feeder, to 8 corn-belt States
do
Prices, wholesale:
Beef steers (Chicago)
dol per 100 Ib
Steers, stocker and feeder (Kansas City) .-do
Calves, vealers (Chicago)
do
Hogs:
Slaughter (Federally inspected)
thous. of animals-Receipts, principal markets.
__do-_Prices:
Wholesale, average, all grades (Chicago)
dol. per 1001b._
Hog-corn ratio
bu. of corn equal in value to 100 Ib. of live hog.
Sheep and lambs:
Slaughter (Federally inspected)
thous. of animals ...
Receipts, principal markets.
.
do
Shipments, feeder, to 8 corn-belt States
do
Prices, wholesale:
Lambs, average (Chicago)
dol. per 100 lb__
Lambs, feeder, good and choice (Omaha) .do
633
1,176
2,722
606
614
1,151
2,511
461
572
1,197
1,855
195
484
1,126
1,786
94
476
994
1,526
72
619
1,102
1,895
126
562
996
1,733
100
1,025
1,827
92
1,095
1,896
140
1,090
1,833
164
1,232
2,470
384
252
1,524
2,528
586
568
1,156
3,061
869
32.05
24.41
30.75
30.71
24.52
30.80
26.78
23.26
30.75
24.35
22.15
32.50
22.25
21.25
30.38
24.14
24.37
27.63
24.20
23 66
27.94
24.88
24.02
26.45
26.47
22.53
25.94
25.86
20.62
24.88
26 28
20.06
25.70
28 11
19.74
27.25
28 93
20.57
27.15
4,098
2,361
5,425
3,272
6,089
3,528
5,377
3,316
4,080
2,562
4,315
2,615
3,894
2,471
3,721
2,438
3,745
2,406
3,165
2,072
3,417
2,314
3,879
2 395
4,959
3,055
510
533
501
549
25.48
22.68
21.01
19.46
19.44
20.16
38.32
18.49
19.08
18.23
19.09
19.74
17.87
'17.9
18.0
17.2
16.1
17.5
16.9
15.2
14.7
15.5
15.4
16.4
17.2
16.1
1,632
2,512
548
1,444
1,786
367
1,329
1,439
133
1,235
1,386
151
1,046
1,092
74
949
845
61
676
824
63
761
1,243
163
898
1,164
138
976
1,202
144
1,126
1,650
335
1,180
1 932
534
1,172
2,054
572
22.12
22.12
25.12
23.01
25.12
23.31
24.75
0)
24.75
0)
30.50
0)
29.50
0)
29.25
0)
27.12
0)
24.50
0)
23.62
22.66
23.00
23.21
23.75
23.28
1,432
449
34
1,691
612
28
1,890
879
64
1,757
1,049
46
1,408
1,083
52
1,519
1,018
'69
1,353
930
1,362
779
1,438
716
1,358
643
1,441
521
65
45
1,436
r
411
1,564
407
640, 225
97, 705
949
635, 429
126, 287
447
671, 468
170, 581
1,928
649, 195
170, 784
935
583, 486
158, 240
984
638, 252
75, 627
1,482
716, 737
72,053
2,511
698, 993
* 71 475
2 260
660, 890
77, 042
MEATS
Total meats (including lard) :
Production (inspected slaughter)
mil. of l b _ _ _
Stocks, cold storage, end of month
do
Exports
do
Beef and veal:
Production (inspected slaughter)
thous. of lb__
Stocks cold storage, end of month
do
Exports
- -do
Price, wholesale, beef, fresh, steer carcasses, good
(600-700 Ibs.) (New York)
dol. per lb__
Lamb and mutton:
Production (inspected slaughter)
thous. of lb__
Stocks, cold storage, end of month
___do __
Pork, including lard, production (inspected
slaughter)
- - - thous . of Ib _ _
Pork, excluding lard:
Production (inspected slaughter) _. . _do _
Stocks, cold storage, end of month
do
Exports
do
Prices, wholesale:
Hams smoked (Chicago)
dol. per Ib
Fresh loins, 8-10 Ib. average (New York)_do
Miscellaneous meats and meat products, stocks, cold
storage, end of month:
Edible offal
thous of Ib
Canned meats and sausage and sausage-room
products
thous of Ib
Lard:
Production (inspected slaughter) _ _
do
Stocks cold storage, end of month
do
Exports
do _ _
Price, wholesale, refined (Chicago). --dol. per lb__
r 115
76
664, 174
606, 020
119, 431
143, 137
' 1, 709 ' 2, 388
623, 536
94, 035
1,302
97
645, 249
81, 148
1,227
45
.516
.489
.443
.406
.368
.392
.404
.410
.433
.431
.438
.464
.476
67, 469
16, 296
61, 663
23, 305
58, 335
26, 209
55, 520
22, 466
47, 548
19, 571
43, 156
14, 268
30, 761
9,864
33, 561
7,007
37, 427
6,761
40, 975
6,651
48, 257
6,869
50, 414
r 7, 268
51, 338
8,463
724, 580
993, 960 1, 159, 741 1, 052, 632
777, 258
811, 293
715, 895
704, 543
754, 870
678, 466
675, 735
686, 365
851, 970
558, 733
203, 163
1,879
752, 254
310, 706
1,813
851, 366
469, 153
3,345
762, 355
585, 215
3,027
563, 446
611, 123
3,076
593. 593
586, 429
2,943
527, 859
545, 231
3,866
517, 974
466, 108
5,855
556, 838
419, 590
12, 105
495, 142
367,043
6,102
500, 186
518, 143
283, 178 r 204, 678
6,749
4,342
634, 343
210, 121
.586
.595
.570
.456
,579
.415
.571
.429
.546
.457
.570
.502
.550
.518
.520
.515
.556
.533
.586
.546
.613
.558
.569
.551
34, 690
42,312
58, 081
64, 021
62, 136
61, 269
58,535
54, 707
55, 322
56, 671
54,958
«• 51, 245
47, 899
30, 270
32, 446
38, 863
46, 065
51, 980
55, 683
58, 348
50, 941
49, 570
41, 209
34, 310
•• 27 374
26, 107
120, 682
66, 526
16, 525
.234
176, 282
77, 021
15, 117
.216
225, 748
116, 397
41, 112
.195
212, 810
160, 610
33, 821
.171
156, 573
179, 628
42, 517
.152
159, 474
156, 782
55, 604
.152
137, 441
138, 216
92, 304
.136
136, 470
125, 823
63, 282
!l47
144, 798
103, 890
76, 508
.136
134, 178
96, 255
52,293
.132
128, 257
68, 819
28, 305
.166
122, 743
•• 48, 768
32, 682
.152
158, 861
37, 142
r
45, 007
154, 617
.300
63, 536
171, 472
.306
54, 511
160, 834
.346
22, 069
148, 418
.340
19, 959
131, 496
.328
24, 937
108, 732
.353
26, 798
89, 205
.339
31, 644
77, 823
.298
38, 054
74, 733
.268
34, 769
71, 261
.241
38, 991
83,466
.260
49, 399
' 132, 380
.238
58, 185
209, 927
.236
3,497
2,384
3,456
927
4,008
554
4,567
2,431
4,815
6,846
6,137
13, 993
6,105
13, 285
5,845
7,875
4,905
7,640
4,334
6,118
3,853
3,963
3,576
1,778
3,749
933
.489
.453
.158
POULTRY AND EGGS
Poultry:
Receipts 5 markets
thous. of Ib
Stocks cold storage, end of month
do .
Price, wholesale, live fowls (Chicago) -dol. per lb._
Eggs:
Production, farm
millions. Dried egg production
thous. of lb_.
Stocks, cold storage, end of month:
Shell
thous. of cases
Frozen
- thous. of lb_
Price, wholesale, extras, large (Chicago) t
dol. per doz._
1,685
169, 287
444
139, 298
159
104, 932
152
71, 532
144
58, 621
530
77, 319
954
107, 058
1,943
141, 361
2,290
166, 582
1,936
168, 394
1,426
146, 868
.645
.636
.547
.463
.435
.451
.483
.483
.493
.533
78, 074
77, 293
64, 926
55, 187
51, 876
55, 507
43, 851
34, 642
36,028
11, 898
.402
13, 958
.391
24, 698
.317
13, 863
.266
23, 276
.203
44, 434
.185
26, 698
.199
24, 963
.190
32, 103
.187
1,827
1,388
1,103
1,716
1,844
1,295
1,259
1,851
1,805
1,198
1,082
2,560
1,214
843
1,036
2,113
1,359
890
929
1,667
1,488
1,058
1,127
2,086
1,294
811
1,572
942
906
796
1,326
906
1,782
1,477
1,685
r
810
121, 476
497
96, 578
.559
.628
.564
25, 580
40, 928
66,713
69, 382
21, 845
.211
22, 119
.226
11, 253
.200
.205
1,672
933
1,868
1,129
1,603
1,945
1,280
763
1, 687
2,332
1,403
798
1,932
r
MISCELLANEOUS FOOD PRODUCTS
Candy, sales by manufacturers
thous. of dol._
Cocoa:
Imports
long tons
Price, wholesale, Accra (New York)__dol. per lb._
Coffee:
Clearances from Brazil, total
thous. of bags..
To United States
do _.
Visible supply, United States _
do
Imports
do
Price, wholesale, Santos, No. 4 (New York)
dol. perlb.Fish:
Landings fresh fish 5 ports
thous of Ib
Stocks, cold storage,' end of month
do
r
808
r
859
796
.268
.276
.272
.270
.268
.265
.261
.270
.272
.277
.284
.302
.355
54 418
148, 049
49, 699
158, 008
29, 535
150, 974
28, 077
127, 635
29,033
104, 138
40, 750
82, 722
49, 612
74, 940
69, 890
91, 453
71, 117
114, 031
66, 145
127, 217
77, 219
146, 344
Iso, eos
156, 077
l
Revised.
No quotation.
fRevised series. U. S. Department of Agriculture data replace the series for U. S. standards published prior to the October 1949 issue of the SURVEY. Data begining September 1944
are available upon request.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-30
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
Febru-
ary
March
April
May
June
July
August
Septem-
ber
FOODSTUFFS AND TOBACCO—Continued
MISCELLANEOUS FOOD PRODUCTS—Con.
Sugar:
Cuban stocks, raw, end of month
thous. of Spanish tons..
United States:
Deliveries and supply (raw basis):
Production and receipts:
Production
short tons _
Entries from off-shore
-. -do
Hawaii and Puerto Rico
do
Deliveries, total
do
For domestic consumption
do
For export
do
Stocks, raw and refined, end of month
thous. of short tons__
Exports, refined sugar __
short tons _
Imports:
Raw sugar, total
do _From Cuba
do
From Philippine Islands cf
do
Refined sugar total
do
From Cuba
do
Price (New York):
Raw, wholesale
dol. perlb__
Refined:
Retail
do
Wholesale
do
Tea imports
thous of Ib
TOBACCO
Leaf:
Production (crop estimate)
mil. of Ib
Stock, dealers' and manufacturers', end of quarter,
total
mil. of Ib
Domestic:
Cigar leaf
do
Air-cured, fire-cured, flue-cured, and miscellaneous domestic
mil of Ib
Foreign grown:
Cigar leaf
do
Cigarette tobacco
do
Exports including scrap and stems
thous of Ib
Imports including scrap and stems
do
'947
919
409
434
1,091
2,490
3,728
3,678
3,215
505, 601
482, 660
238, 358
543, 215
531, 924
11,291
636, 652
239, 064
18, 865
576, 922
571, 618
5,314
275, 318
210,060
79, 992
564, 079
556, 439
7,640
125, 201
245, 436
56, 243
563,238
558, 390
4,848
54, 358
485,090
138,038
504, 622
503, 222
1,400
0)
681, 532
225, 273
619, 578
611, 382
8,196
0)
567, 829
236, 686
537, 449
535, 102
2,347
0)
577, 439
156, 084
608, 479
604, 698
3,781
1,266
7,612
1,533
3,186
1,493
8,447
1,348
3,149
1,416
4,095
1,442
'3,657
236, 329
199, 787
23, 576
40 260
40, 260
134, 306
121, 292
3,500
8,330
8,330
214, 014
205, 456
5,600
1
189, 969
167, 014
15, 236
6,452
6,450
313, 176
287, 966
25, 176
26 204
25, 950
383, 040
327, 282
50, 849
68 585
68, 147
317, 789
263, 275
52, 845
42 328
41, 820
.056
.057
.056
.057
.056
.057
.092
.076
6,680
.092
.076
4,001
.092
.076
9,332
.092
.078
7, 689
.092
.078
7,606
.093
.078
8,128
r
r
r
2,599
2,022
1,668
1,021
509, 595
123, 322
792, 936
789, 878
3,058
(i)
471, 237
84,350
747 453
743, 698
3 755
43, 899
642, 038
132, 227
924, 533
921, 391
3,242
116, 207
391, 859
165, 441
733, 977
729, 920
4,057
548 576
402, 253
133, 168
523 702
519, 358
4 344
1,252
1, 997
956
1,879
617
2,379
404
2,403
879
382, 265
267, 999
114, 266
25 951
25, 901
346, 885
253, 342
88, 409
39 180
36, 555
342, 089
232, 097
104, 072
23 401
23,398
342, 392
272, 690
61, 901
28, 254
23,684
248, 878
227, 217
8,549
28, 272
28, 259
.056
.058
.059
.058
.059
.060
.060
.093
.079
9,774
.093
.078
7,465
.093
.078
8,411
.093
.077
6,129
.093
.077
7,877
.093
.077
8,443
.093
.079
1,525
2, 785
1,492
1,863
0)
r
32,004
2 1, 982
3,851
3,875
36, 260
7,713
Manufactured products:
23 999
Production manufactured tobacco total do
8,805
Chewing plug and twist
do
Smoking
do
11, 743
3,451
Snuff
do _
Consumption (withdrawals) :
Cigarettes (small):
4,030
Tax-free
millions
31, 079
Tax-paid
do
Cigars (large), tax-paid
thousands. _ 529, 971
Manufactured tobacco and snuff, tax-paid
23,816
thous. of lb_.
2,952
Exports cigarettes
millions
Price, wholesale (composite), cigarettes, f. o. b.,
6.862
destination
_ dol. per thous__
3,690
3,509
307
345
367
330
3,416
3,350
2,970
3,206
20
134
21, 711
6,838
24
128
57, 773
6,035
46 949
7,209
36 167
6,713
22
134
25, 155
9,287
22 249
6,905
20,400
7,621
33, 402
8,217
30, 563
6,606
61, 875
9,088
76, 768
7,483
20, 461
8,386
8,721
3,354
17, 517
7,152
6,830
3,535
18, 031
7,218
7,386
3,427
17 576
6,768
7,548
3,260
20 880
7,618
9,567
3,695
18 729
6 940
8,535
3,254
20 591
7,226
10, 120
3,246
21 740
8 558
9,747
3,435
16, 625
6,918
7,311
2,396
22, 986
8,839
10,308
3,838
22, 565
8,345
10, 579
3,641
2,736
29, 075
553, 755
3,185
24, 897
440, 267
2,208
27, 967
438, 286
2,570
25,024
410, 170
3,168
31, 448
457, 149
3 568
27, 307
428, 452
3,172
30, 691
428, 357
3,236
32, 849
519, 509
2,155
25, 806
422, 496
3,041
35, 347
516, 208
2,680
31, 743
532, 446
19, 527
1,674
16, 492
2,368
18, 214
1,280
17, 138
1,237
20,490
1,649
18, 392
2,446
20, 362
1,937
20,583
1,611
16, 625
1,449
22, 869
1,476
22, 674
1,720
21, 975
6.862
6.862
6.862
6.862
6,862
6.862
6.862
6.862
6.862
6.862
6.862
6.862
23
149
P 29, 506
534, 274
LEATHER AND PRODUCTS
HIDES AND SKINS
Imports, total hides and skins
thous. of Ib
Calf and kip skins
thous. of pieces
Cattle hides
do
Goatskins
do
Sheep and lamb skins
do
Prices, wholesale (Chicago):
Calfskins, packers', 8 to 15 Ib
dol. per lb__
Hides, steer, packers', heavy, nativedo
LEATHER
Production:
Calf and kip
thous. of skins
Cattle hide
thous of hides
Goat and kid
thous. of skins
Sheep and lamb___ _
do
Exports:
Sole leather:
Bends backs, and sides
thous. of Ib
Offal, including belting offal
do
Upper leather
thous of sq ft
Prices, wholesale:
Sole, bends, steer, f. o. b. tannery
dol. per lb__
Chrome calf, black, B grade, composite
dol. persq. ft..
r
1
11, 091
50
85
3,181
897
12, 355
105
127
1,480
2,831
14, 320
51
104
3,433
1,011
13, 738
82
147
2,497
885
9,900
67
97
2,722
925
10, 281
67
65
3,221
••991
10, 714
58
85
3,294
1,477
15, 302
47
53
3,631
2,629
11, 942
44
103
4,005
965
14, 082
23
27
3,319
r
2, 705
16, 951
118
35
2,657
4,076
15, 569
145
41
2,312
3,276
.381
.269
.394
.295
.410
.267
.398
.267
.385
.229
.421
.209
.422
.200
.414
.213
.398
.214
.385
.209
.410
.238
.421
.246
894
2,142
3,106
2,743
905
2,049
3,048
2,729
1,053
2,239
3,232
2,665
943
2,073
3,013
2,564
886
2,124
2,982
2,537
947
2,163
3,457
2,463
766
1,891
2,859
2,154
797
1,942
2,764
2,214
877
1,976
3,018
2,419
571
1,566
2,364
1,834
••867
1, 982
2, 730
2,619
831
1,962
2,978
2,532
44
50
2,811
37
60
1,714
57
122
3,676
314
527
6, 080
466
890
6,314
189
704
6,035
6
185
3,329
56
151
3,113
93
116
3,153
87
106
2 906
70
73
3,462
92
49
2,886
r
.632
.674
.701
.681
.657
1.013
1.026
1.046
1.051
1.036
.592
1.030
.578
1.025
.578
1.023
.568
1.024
r
r
r
.425
.244
.564
.555
.559
.559
1.016
.975
.977
.975
Revised.
*> Preliminary.
Corrected monthly figures3 are not available; January-July 1949 total (including revisions for January and February) is 218,055 short tons.
2 December 1 estimate.
November 1 estimate.
cf This series continues data in the 1942 STATISTICAL SUPPLEMENT to the SUEVEY; there were no shipments for 1942 to 1947 except for January, February, and May 1942 (12,136,1,120, and
8,618 short tons, respectively). Data for January-July 1948 are shown on p. S-30 of the October 1949 SURVEY.
NOTE FOR LUMBER SERIES, p. S. 31.—Exports of sawmill products for 1948 have been adjusted to exclude box shooks, in accordance with the revised commodity classification effective
January 1949. Revisions for January-July 1948 are shown in a footnote on p. S-38 of the October 1949 SURVEY.
Minor revisions for total lumber production, shipments, and stocks for 1946-47 (since publication of the 1949 STATISTICAL SUPPLEMENT) are available upon request. Revised data for total
lumber for January-July 1948 and revised data for Western pine for January 1947-March 1948 are also shown in the above-mentioned note.
December 1949
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
November
S-31
1948
October
1949
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
LEATHER AND PRODUCTS—Continued
LEATHER MANUFACTURES
Shoes and slippers :§
Production, total
thous. of pairs
Shoes, sandals, and play shoes, except athletic,
total
thous. of pairs
By types of uppers :d*
All leather
__
_ __do. ._
Part leather and nonleather
do
By kinds:
Men's
do
Youths' and boys'
_
-do
Women's
..do
Misses' and children's
do
Infants' and babies'
do. __
Slippers for housewear
do
Athletic
do
Other footwear
do
Exports
do
Prices, wholesale, factory, Goodyear welt, leather
sole:
Men's black calf oxford, plain toe__dol. per pair__
Men's black calf oxford, tip toe
do
Women's black kid blucher oxford
_ do
39, 050
34, 691
35, 508
36 921
37, 089
44 818
37 626
35 098
38 509
32 987
r 44, 969
41 522
33, 048
28, 618
31, 639
34 327
34, 180
41 266
34 262
31 4?9
34 152
28 845
»• 38, 926
34 858
31, 288
1,830
27, 127
1,599
30, 110
1,567
32, 267
2,058
31, 697
2, 506
38, 037
3, 183
31, 171
4,454
28, 018
3 351
32, 622
5 911
26, 360
2 580
35, 630
3,405
8,625
1, 635
15, 812
4,052
2,924
5,368
7,813
1,438
12, 873
3,802
2,692
5,477
8,901
1,319
13, 875
4,520
3,024
3,357
8,677
1,181
16, 485
4,829
3, 155
2, 177
8,141
1,077
17, 151
4,629
3,182
2,497
9,623
1,407
20, 818
5,634
3,784
3, 068
7,283
1,217
16, 149
3, 956
2,824
3,212
8 431
1 639
16, 748
4 267
3 067
3 877
6,383
1 464
15, 234
3 541
2,223
3 706
r 336
'341
261
223
358
7,790
1, 209
17, 537
4 497
3,229
2,931
9.653
6.750
5. 150
9.653
6.750
5.150
9. 653
6.750
5.150
339
295
502
10. 143
6.750
5.150
313
283
278
9.653
6.750
5. 150
271
241
608
9.653
6.750
5. 150
236
181
227
185
216
217
392
9.653
6.750
5.150
246
211
323
255
225
287
9.653
6.600
5.150
221
215
334
r
r
8, 702
1,797
20, 791
4, 782
2, 854
5,r 476
306
r
261
8,476
1,710
17, 985
4, 156
2,531
6,051
527
299
314
406
T
r
r
9.653
6.600
5.150
9.653
6.600
5.150
9.653
6.600
5.150
9.653
6.600
5.150
60 234
121 115
44 549
100 176
61, 796
123, 722
74, 447
146, 880
9.604
6.600
5.150
LUMBER AND MANUFACTURES
LUMBER—ALL TYPES
Exports total sawmill products!
M! bd ft
Imports total sawmill products
do
National Lumber Manufacturers Association:
Production totalj
mil. bd. ft
Hard woods J
- -do_ _
Softwoods}:
do. .
Shipments, totalj
do
HardwoodsJ
do.
Softwoodst
do
Stocks, gross (mill and concentration yards), end
of month, total!
mil. bd. f t _ Hardwoods J
_
- do
Softwoods J
do
57 641
126 299
45 092
94 181
51 421
98, 673
2 815
2 541
2 258
2,195
2,540
2,002
2, 318
1,649
2,220
2,304
1,958
1,833
6,888
2,229
4,659
7,140
2,253
4,887
6,947
5,427
6,140
5,048
28 623
151, 073
29 003
148 352
3,183
2, 473
2, 937
710
633
620
582
r
54 161
123, 435
49 924
103 852
59 784
117 351
2,057
2 658
2 613
2,731
2 778
2 432
2,938
2,874
471
469
2,790
2,090
2,533
2, 236
2,625
2,317
2,653
2, 352
2,729
413
1,607
1,946
2,019
2,371
2,468
2,901
2,405
2,951
450
478
2,289
2,903
1,644
1,568
2,070
2,218
2,247
2,361
1,992
2,451
2,473
2, 402
7,411
2,303
5,108
7,455
2,338
5 117
7,515
2,406
5,109
7,679
2,512
5,167
7,671
2,482
5, 189
7, 743
2,490
5,253
7,776
2,548
5,228
7,859
2,582
5, 277
7,914
2,603
5,311
7,851
2,594
5, 257
7,777
2,594
5,183
32, 863
8, 836
24, 027
24, 572
i 7 970
16, 602
25, 943
i 12, 326
13, 617
28, 914
i 17, 407
11, 507
24, 231
1 11, 837
12, 394
29, 617
i 4, 307
25, 310
27, 606
i 9, 681
17, 925
20, 594
i 4, 852
15, 742
31, 062
i 5, 474
25, 588
42, 275
i 9, 054
33, 221
539
485
609
576
450
378
568
463
377
407
414
406
r
426
368
379
501
500
SOFTWOODS
Douglas fir:
Exports, total sawmill products _
M bd. ft
Sawed timber
do
Boards, planks, scantlings, etc
do
Prices, wholesale:
Dimension, No. 1, common, 2" x 4" x 16'
dol. per Mbd. f t _ _
Flooring, B and better, F. G., 1" x 4", R. L.
dol. per Mbd. f t _ _
Southern pine:
Orders new
mil bd ft
Orders, unfilled, end of month
do .
Production
do
Shipments
- do
Stocks, gross (mill and concentration yards) , end
of month
mil bd. ft
Exports total sawmill products
M bd ft
Sawed timber
do
Boards planks scantlings etc
do
Prices, wholesale, composite:
Boards, No. 2 common, I" x 6" or 8" x 12'
dol. per M b d . f t _ _
Flooring, B and better, F. G., 1" x 4" x 12-14'
dol. per M bd. ft._
Western pine:
Orders, new
mil. bd. ft
Orders, unfilled, end of month
do
Production J
_
__
_ do _ _
Shipments!
do
Stocks, gross, mill, end of month.
_ __ _ do_ _ _
Price, wholesale, Ponderosa, boards, No. 3 common, 1" x 8"
dol. per M bd. ft
West coast woods:
Orders new
mil bd ft
Orders, unfilled, end of month
do
Production
_ ._
__ _ __
__do
Shipments
do
Stocks, gross, mill, end of month
do
807
379
75.240
75. 240
70. 785
66. 330
67.815
68. 310
68. 310
68. 310
67. 568
64. 680
63.896
62. 720
62. 720
133. 650
133. 650
133.650
133. 650
133. 650
128. 700
127. 958
122. 562
118.058
114. 660
114. 660
114. 660
108. 780
738
660
725
690
842
765
744
593
605
460
790
795
372
716
681
332
732
645
303
694
626
282
598
560
307
706
713
1,581
8 076
1,794
6,282
1,616
11 672
2,532
9 140
1,703
9 842
1. 743
8 099
1,771
9 076
2,555
6 521
1,809
9,299
3,218
6,081
1,802
11,390
4,330
7,060
597
539
276
661
691
261
728
740
1,772
7,346
2,930
4,416
1,760
10, 202
3, 797
6,405
697
913
228
703
723
247
670
678
340
744
820
372
782
810
1,740
9,848
3,457
6,391
1,732
9 028
3,016
6 012
1, 656
9,218
2,737
6,481
1,628
8,869
2,488
6,381
374
701
763
1,566
71.815
70. 289
69. 872
67. 292
65. 400
64. 167
62.001
60. 380
59. 033
59. 479
61. 173
63. 326
64. 311
152. 852
152. 764
152.151
149. 144
148. 409
146. 650
144. 513
142.865
139. 374
139. 200
136. 484
138. 542
139. 583
334
306
457
568
684
643
618
592
702
591
511
611
581
499
438
638
422
411
589
223
299
531
238
288
466
381
400
545
492
579
523
498
619
561
539
712
643
607
628
578
673
629
721
655
693
699
627
626
643
734
617
610
1,590
1,664
1,675
1,599
1,548
1,529
1,586
1,644
1, 713
1,763
1,829
1,840
1,847
71.03
69.93
69.59
68.00
68.05
67.48
66.80
65. 84
65.20
62.54
59.21
57.02
57.56
565
496
714
659
849
484
429
651
550
932
592
448
609
573
983
641
547
526
541
966
621
610
577
559
940
770
650
761
743
979
705
584
743
760
981
642
524
709
701
984
646
403
683
751
904
612
476
513
534
903
794
570
735
720
936
813
582
725
778
899
790
607
722
769
890
183,486
180, 626
54, 941
172,151
160, 833
64, 670
155, 286
156,013
63, 688
118, 284
107, 837
75, 894
143, 180
133, 192
84, 534
176,061
179,021
81, 526
153, 516
158, 279
76, 148
154, 677
152, 137
77, 811
151,386
160, 856
68. 742
96, 538
102, 578
62, 947
169, 274
172, 478
59, 756
168, 747
169, 832
58, 881
176, 197
178, 764
55, 984
4,250
13, 350
6,000
5,800
5,900
3,925
12,000
5,875
4.925
6,825
3,925
10,025
5,550
4.700
7,425
3,475
9,300
4,200
3,900
7,300
4,025
8, 750
4,200
3,700
7,850
5,000
7,575
5,000
5.200
8,550
3,950
8,500
4,175
3,950
7,725
3,400
7, 325
4,275
3, 675
8,000
4,299
6,872
5, 246
4.651
8,843
4,275
6,875
4,650
4,000
9,300
4,200
6, 300
4,900
4, 550
9,700
4,300
6,6CO
4,325
3,950
10, 150
4,800
6,850
4,175
4,575
9,650
SOFTWOOD PLYWOOD
Production
thous. of sq. ft., %" equivalent
Shipments _
_.
__ . do__
Stocks end of month
do
HARDWOOD FLOORING
Maple, beech, and birch:
Orders, new
Orders, unfilled, end of month
Production
Shipments
Stocks, mill, end of month. _ _
M bd. ft
. do
do
do
... _do. _
l
' Revised.
*> Preliminary.
Beginning 1949, data include some treated sawed timber which cannot be segregated.
§1948 data for production of shoes and slippers have been revised; revisions January-July are shown in the September 1949 SURVEY on p. S-31.
cfThe figures include a comparatively small number of "other footwear" which is not shown separately from shoes, sandals, etc., in the distribution by types of uppers; there are further
small differences between the sum of the figures and the totals for shoes, sandals, and play shoes, because the latter, and also the distribution by kinds, include small revisions not available
by types of uppers.
JSee note at the bottom of p. S-30 of this issue regarding revised lumber series.
SUEVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-32
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
LUMBER AND MANUFACTURES—Continued
HARDWOOD FLOORING—Continued
Oak:
Orders, new
Orders, unfilled, end of month
Production
Shipments
Stocks, mill, end of month
M bd. ft
do._
do
do _
_ _ do
62, 568
45, 223
74, 422
70, 951
32, 019
58, 507
41, 161
73, 784
66, 185
39, 618
51, 806
34, 730
67, 849
58, 237
49, 230
54, 851
32, 389
62, 043
56, 378
54, 895
50, 086
32, 964
54, 460
51, 204
58, 151
61, 264
34, 744
65, 504
64, 869
58, 786
54, 156
34, 933
61, 441
60, 360
59, 867
58, 749
31,879
64, 409
61, 803
62, 473
r
56, 876
31, 908
66,584
62, 825
66,232
62, 722
30, 229
58 250
61, 691
62, 791
78, 066
35, 029
70,606
73, 266
57, 135
599, 093
50, 866
109, 133
91,838
668, 053
184 052
56, 133
52 359
509, 644
27, 342
50, 667
r
43 207
521, 553
22 453
19, 327
5 618
106, 218
52, 547
81, 946
' 85, 926
••54,009
r
r
85, 525
55, 918
72, 162
77, 453
47, 202
METALS AND MANUFACTURES
IRON AND STEEL
Foreign trade:
Iron and steel products (excl. advanced mfrs.):
Exports, total
_ short tons__
Scrap
do _ .
Imports, total
_ __
do.__
Scrap
do
455, 940
386, 939
12, 244
10, 157
298, 844
293, 209
' 199, 846 ' 239, 226
565, 140
33, 217
184, 289
118, 839
553, 950
53, 114
161, 729
' 127, 675
377, 496
19, 181
162, 035
77, 598
281, 097
27, 498
119, 611
70, 886
463, 376
16, 010
181, 716
76, 214
436, 255
9,971
284, 142
r 166, 448
5, 783
2,914
2,869
5, 675
1 511
4,164
5,656
2,867
2,789
5,792
1,491
4,301
5,615
2,819
2,796
6,065
1,550
4, 515
5,759
2,915
2,844
6,030
1,485
4,545
5, 346
2, 658
2,688
5,882
1,403
4,479
5,925
2,976
2,949
5,842
1,466
4,376
5,223
2,722
2,501
5,771
1,555
4,216
4,968
2,719
2.249
5,745
1,626
4,119
4,398
2,500
1,898
5,824
1 751
4,073
3,800
2,241
1,559
5,748
1,820
3,928
4,756
2,747
2,009
5,351
1 789
3,563
4,631
2 658
1,973
4 824
1 531
3 293
10 003
11, 150
5,206
8,577
9,329
4, 455
3,675
2,698
5,433
2,920
1,498
6,835
2,882
1,610
8,107
4,335
2,799
9,643
9,889
10, 910
8,623
11, 865
12, 549
7,939
12, 923
13, 750
7,112
12, 531
13, 696
6,172
11 986
12, 582
£, 576
10 164
10 421
5,319
10,029
7,273
43, 883
38 619
5,264
955
7,239
7,058
45, 160
39, 470
5,690
630
501
7,351
39, 460
34, 557
4,903
388
0
7,590
31,904
27, 882
4,022
371
0
6,992
24, 981
21, 811
3,170
391
499
7,735
17, 308
15, 050
2,258
386
8,868
7,322
17, 803
15, 770
2,033
560
11, 656
7,277
21, 508
19, 273
2,235
650
12, 162
6,249
27, 696
24, 957
2,739
642
12, 768
5 258
35, 064
31 493
3,571
946
11,315
5,711
40,811
36, 084
4,728
1,025
9,461
5 541
45 356
39 346
6 010
968
55
35
58
43
55
48
38
37
60
42
46
50
2,523
1 148
642
2,407
1,100
606
2,284
1,111
625
2,065
1,040
573
1,857
987
535
1,639
1,075
567
1,446
929
467
1,243
867
439
1,087
906
455
1 032
697
342
1,048
872
446
980
881
459
38 654
158, 351
81 761
44, 305
30, 312
146, 422
77, 194
42, 241
34, 360
137, 385
79, 882
43, 397
26, 948
126, 393
71, 876
38, 040
26, 999
118, 318
66, 744
35, 074
22, 204
102, 379
72, 052
38, 143
24, 307
94, 958
61. 329
31, 728
11, 629
78, 944
54, 572
27, 643
23,560
69, 865
59, 597
32, 639
24 147
70 796
44 360
23,216
20, 861
61, 330
58, 121
30, 327
26 828
57, 512
60 488
30, 646
25 392
54 322
57 150
28, 582
5 520
5 491
5,399
5,344
5,595
5,420
5,732
5,610
5 223
5,135
5,820
5,771
5 531
5,406
5,517
5,290
4,819
4 573
4 173
4^054
4 477
4, 604
r 4 350
4 495
612
Iron and Steel Scrap
'Consumption, total..
- thous. of short tons. _
Home scrap
do
Purchased scrap
_
do
iStocks, consumers', end of month, total
do
Home scrap
do
Purchased scrap
_ __
do
Ore
Iron ore:
All districts:
Production
thous. of long tons
Shipments
do
Stocks, end of month.. __ __
do
Lake Superior district:
Shipments from upper lake ports
do
Consumption by furnaces
do
Stocks, end of month, total
__do
At furnaces .
do
On Lake Erie docks
do
Imports
do
Manganese ore, imports (manganese content)
thous. of long tons__
1,575
877
47, 017
39 585
7,432
Pig Iron and Iron Manufactures
Castings, gray iron:
Unfilled orders for sale
thous. of short tons
Shipments, total
do
For sale.
_
do
Castings, malleable iron:
Orders, new. for sale
short tons
Orders, unfilled, for sale __
__ __ _ do_.
Shipments, total
do
For sale
_.do_ __
Pig iron:
Production
thous of short tons
Consumption
do
Stocks (consumers' and suppliers'), end of month
thous. of short tons
Prices, wholesale:
Composite
dol. per long ton
Basic (furnace)
do
Foundry, No. 2, f. o. b. Neville Island ..do
1,049
1,043
1,212
1,262
1,295
1,350
1,525
1,775
1,942
2,013
1,847
2,230
47.00
45 63
46.50
47.59
46.00
46.50
47.59
46.00
46.50
47.65
46.00
46.50
47.67
46.00
46.50
47.67
46.00
46.50
47.55
46.00
46.50
46.62
46.00
46.50
46.62
46.00
46.50
46 62
46 00
46.50
46.62
46.00
46.50
46 68
46 00
46.50
46 68
46 00
46.50
152, 983
114 819
38, 833
146, 835
110, 275
36, 014
157, 395
116, 285
38, 730
140, 577
103, 503
31,891
135, 042
99, 425
32, 545
138, 889
102,027
30, 313
119,953
83, 277
23,834
106, 178
75, 537
22, 165
116, 052
84, 112
26, 940
78 710
50 124
14 625
89,964
59 412
13, 348
86 502
55 853
11 823
70 690
48? 263
8 964
604, 715
495, 672
109, 043
123, 161
88, 198
34, 963
620, 503
508, 339
112, 164
123, 914
87, 757
36, 157
600, 500
493, 487
107, 013
131, 544
94, 487
37, 057
570, 665
469, 059
101, 606
124, 582
90, 093
34, 489
539, 717
439, 790
99, 927
111, 217
79, 758
31, 459
504, 142
410, 248
93, 894
120, 035
85,986
34, 049
464, 782
379, 673
85, 109
104, 305
76, 116
28, 189
411, 601
338, 912
72, 689
91, 775
67, 580
24, 195
376, 761
310, 182
66, 579
100, 756
77, 877
22, 879
348 239
293 206
55, 033
70 129
55 072
15, 057
311, 923
257, 259
54, 664
95, 794
73 630
r 22, 164
294, 240
250 239
44,001
88 417
71 781
16,636
280 291
231 849
48 442
81 278
65 651
15, 627
7 997
100
7,798
101
7,781
98
8,183
100
7 481
101
8 388
103
7 785
98
7 590
93
6 498
82
5 779
71
6 715
82
r 6 592
T
84
926
11
Steel, Crude and Semimanufactures
Steel castings:
Shipments, total
short tons
For sale, total
do
Railway specialties
do
Steel forgings, for sale:
Orders, unfilled, total.
_ ._ ._ _ do __
Drop and upset
do
Press and open hammer.—
do
Shipments, total
do
Drop and upset
do
Press and open hammer
do
Steel ingots and steel for castings:
Production
thous of short tons
Percent of capacity!
_.
Prices, wholesale:
Composite, finished steel
dol. per Ib
Steel billets, rerolling (producing point)
dol. per long ton.Structural steel (Pittsburgh)
dol. per lb._
Steel scrap, heavy melting (Pittsburgh)
dol. per long ton__
T
.0415
0415
0415
.0420
0420
0420
0420
.0420
0420
0420
0420
0420
0420
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
58.24
.0350
42.75
42.75
42.75
42.05
39.50
37.25
26.60
23.25
23.00
21.00
21.00
27. 25
29.45
9,485
2,336
21
9,321
2,307
30
10, 041
2,461
27
9,088
2,065
33
7,582
1,801
31
7,693
1,917
34
6,693
1,745
22
6,200
1,921
32
5,197
2,087
29
5 815
1 833
30
5 645
1,990
33
5 401
2,419
28
Steel, Manufactured Products
Barrels and drums, steel, heavy types:
Orders, unfilled, end of month
thousands
Shipments
__do
Stocks, end of month
_do_ _
* Revised.
JFor 1949, percent of capacity is calculated on annual capacity as of January 1,1949, of 96,120,930 tons of steel; 1948 data are based on capacity as of January 1,1948, 94,233,460 tons.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-33
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
METALS AND MANUFACTURES—Continued
IRON AND STEEL— Continued
Steel, Manufactured Products— Continued
Cans, metal, shipments (in terms of steel consumed),
total...
short tons .
Food
do
Nonfood
_
do
Shipments for sale
_
do _.
Commercial closures, production
millions
Crowns, production
thousand gross
Steel products, net shipments:
Total
thous. of short tons
Bars, hot rolled— Carbon and alloy
do _
Reinforcing
do
Semimanufactures
do
Pipe and tubes.
do
Plates
do
Bails
do
Sheets
_ _
do
Strip— Cold rolled
do
Hot rolled
do
Structural shapes, heavy
do
Tin plate and terneplate
do
Wire and wire products. _ _
do
296, 152
209, 433
86, 719
258, 316
235, 506
153, 809
81, 697
202, 508
266, 139
186, 544
79, 595
230, 872
186, 272
119, 810
66, 462
157, 631
190, 755
126, 377
64, 378
163, 389
208, 188
131, 004
77, 184
172, 320
204, 353
126, 898
77, 455
169, 194
230, 167
147, 808
82, 359
189, 024
303, 921
208, 633
95, 288
259, 026
314, 372
219, 067
95, 305
282, 977
489, 794
383, 603
106, 191
444, 976
416, 948
312, 505
104, 443
371, 665
910
25,511
885
860
932
943
833
905
746
23, 824
920
21, 889
25, 496
768
23,408
779
24, 040
22, 316
737
27, 613
23, 422
27, 559
26, 984
29, 709
5,952
713
143
286
638
641
190
1, 463
161
154
392
350
436
5,732
698
119
285
614
629
190
1,418
165
146
368
315
417
6,056
745
136
294
637
658
190
1,476
155
143
394
400
430
5,762
708
139
289
611
608
181
1,462
164
155
356
299
428
5, 520
5,597
677
141
223
635
619
199
1,437
144
155
375
295
365
5,235
597
134
202
618
590
193
1,330
132
142
378
292
338
5,177
121
150
327
387
347
4,535
432
125
125
550
464
182
1,290
76
125
290
418
241
4,918
150
146
359
300
404
6,306
757
150
308
721
684
207
1,562
170
169
394
333
451
53, 474
218, 591
53, 357
171, 918
49, 749
175, 704
54, 851
254, 512
54, 076
180, 765
56, 920
182, 760
54, 185
262, 247
55, 777
182, 171
.1325
.1263
.1022
.0847
.0702
.0630
.0605
157.7
31.8
125.9
94.5
.346
148.4
29.1
119.3
90.2
.346
137. 3
27.2
110.0
80.7
.346
152.9
27.5
125.4
92.4
.345
129.5
23.8
105.7
73.1
.331
110.4
21.4
89.0
56.9
.295
103. 9
23.3
80.7
48.1
.276
50, 668
50, 403
56, 746
77, 873
72, 657
67, 354
61, 413
56, 910
64, 451
96, 117
102, 292
96, 080
13, 725
52, 222
23, 898
28, 359
.2320
69, 438
78, 298
94, 070
91, 053
21, 041
48, 329
25, 920
22, 409
. 2320
76, 941
80, 275
97, 861
83, 841
10, 653
59, 158
27, 859
31, 299
.2320
97, 123
88, 165
113, 154
68, 450
15,415
64, 790
32, 198
32, 592
.2318
91, 589
93, 873
76, 134
76, 494
11, 248
48, 702
27, 376
21, 326
.2145
81, 258
98, 139
32, 566
128, 441
14, 910
48, 802
19, 049
29,753
.1776
72, 051
92, 118
45, 653
166, 925
17, 066
46, 570
20, 221
26, 349
.1634
62, 449
85, 638
45, 316
212, 817
10, 349
33, 829
14 414
19, 415
.1706
36, 997
38, 357
33, 761
32, 307
33, 245
32, 285
39, 822
43, 558
37, 272
38, 715
36, 807
38, 347
36, 162
36, 654
30, 030
32, 126
52, 315
49, 667
44, 456
40, 647
50, 664
48, 775
50, 440
38, 656
44, 751
42, 254
41, 652
38, 514
53, 947
51, 373
28, 368
56, 737
50, 150
48, 957
16, 743
72, 347
51,605
51,206
19, 792
94, 132
46, 429
45, 455
30, 017
100, 117
i 39, 282
38, 332
i 34, 894
i 94, 201
655
133
308
584
590
179
1,365
564
141
139
623
517
211
1,355
465
156
136
648
481
196
1,377
106
153
300
322
334
NONFERROUS METALS AND PRODUCTS
Aluminum :
54, 526
50, 714
Production, primary
_ _ . .short tons
231, 097
227, 583
Imports, bauxite
long tons
Price, wholesale, scrap castings (N. Y.)
.0995
.1241
dol. per lb._
Aluminum fabricated products, shipments, total
174.2
164.3
mil. of Ibs
35.5
34.6
Castings
do
138.6
129.8
Wrought products, total
do
109.7
99.2
Plate, sheet, and strip
do
.338
.341
Brass sheets, wholesale price, mill
dol. per lb_.
Copper:
Production:
Mine production, recoverable copper
68, 256
51, 318
short tons__
Crude (mine or smelter, including custom in81, 474
58, 297
take)
short tons
102, 779
101, 436
Refined
do
112, 580
99, 655
Deliveries, refined, domestic
do
Stocks, refined, end of month . _
_do
76, 371
89, 756
17, 861
11, 636
Exports, refined and manufactures
do
35, 491
36, 947
Imports, total
. . . __ _ do
Unrefined including scrap
do
14, 906
18, 210
21,970
17, 281
Refined
do
.2320
.2320
Price, wholesale, electrolytic (N. Y.)--dol. per lb_.
Lead:
Ore (lead content) :
35, 337
36, 504
Mine production
_
short tons
35, 392
35, 337
Receipts by smelters, domestic ore . do
Refined:
47, 029
46, 787
Production, total
do
43, 857
44, 534
Primary.
do
39, 375
40, 289
Shipments (domestic)
do
Stocks, end of month
_
do
27, 553
34, 192
Price, wholesale, pig, desilverized (New York)
.1950
.2150
dol. per Reimports, total, except mfrs. (lead content)
32, 753
40, 666
short tons
Tin:
3,244
2,597
Production, pig
long tons
5,354
5,179
Consumption, pig
do
57, 978
60,064
Stocks, pig, end of month, total §
do
44,
814
46,
454
Government §
do
13, 164
13, 610
Industrial
do
Imports:
1,884
2,835
Ore (tin content)
do
5,625
2,433
Bars blocks pigs, etc
do
1.0300
1. 0300
Price, wholesale, Straits (N. Y.)
dol. per lb._
Zinc:
53, 542
55 005
Mine production of recoverable zinc short tons
Slab zinc:
70, 716
71, 195
Production
do
67, 402
96,142
Shipments, total
do
66, 211
61, 751
Domestic
do
Stocks, end of month
. __
do
44, 431
19, 484
Price, wholesale, prime Western (St. Louis)
.1524
.1679
dol. per lb._
24 904
32 323
Imports total (zinc content)
short tons
1 850
2 609
For smelting refining and export
do
For domestic consumption:
12, 427
17, 073
Ore (zinc content)
do
10,627
12,641
Blocks, pigs, etc
do
r
52, 001
276, 727
49, 742
245 978
. 0575
.0651
.0725
.0737
90.4
18.6
71.7
42.8
.277
104.2
24.0
80.2
49.3
.282
123.4
27.6
95.8
65.3
.282
106.2
75.9
.282
r
55, 850
62, 279
85, 577
90, 739
217, 167
8,695
45, 372
24, 372
21, 000
.1733
r
33, 905
32, 255
58, 379
r
64, 870
79, 949
103, 115
193, 890
14, 214
38, 177
15, 744
22, 432
.1733
r
29, 497
i 39, 362 r ri 35, 924
34, 928
37, 754
i 36, 059 r i 29, 566
i 76, 782 'i 61,433
47, 210
46, 246
23, 738
66,005
.2150
.2150
.2150
.1891
.1515
.1372
.1200
.1356
.1503
.1505
52, 809
64, 286
30, 859
33, 250
26, 430
48, 731
71, 661
9,287
30, 856
19, 240
3,436
5,203
2 39, 314
2 24, 322
14, 992
3,541
4,696
39, 274
23,929
15, 345
3,545
4,461
39, 827
25, 199
14,628
3,382
4,723
41, 602
27, 903
13,699
3,066
4,228
43, 322
31, 116
12, 206
3,241
4,186
41, 130
30, 550
10, 580
3,346
4,161
43, 431
33, 704
9,727
3, 129
3,990
40, 679
31, 146
9,533
3,307
5,045
31,416
21, 703
9,713
3,171
4,852
30, 287
20, 873
9,414
4,194
7,111
1. 0300
3,977
587
1. 0300
2,443
2,526
1.0300
3,174
8,795
1.0300
4,205
8,493
1. 0300
3,801
4,210
1. 0300
2,108
4,049
1.0300
2,210
3,318
1. 0300
2,332
6,434
1. 0300
3,284
6,458
1. 0209
55, 141
52, 036
52, 419
60, 980
58,285
54, 791
53, 599
40,064
44, 483
42, 193
76, 696
75, 332
67, 996
20, 848
75, 815
76, 234
62, 614
20, 429
69, 193
68, 522
60, 827
21,100
78, 121
71, 017
51, 381
28,204
75, 921
53, 143
35, 948
50,982
77, 537
52,689
35,564
75,830
73, 989
66,900
44,820
82, 919
74, 569
72,080
62, 443
85, 408
73, 819
74, 339
68, 659
84, 888
70, 392
70, 077
60,220
85,203
64,399
51, 761
43, 998
97, 841
.1750
20,165
4 057
.1750
24, 952
4 966
.1750
13 044
2 211
.1706
21, 213
4 090
.1406
20 066
5 447
.1188
36 484
9 025
.0955
30, 534
6 873
.0936
21, 113
5 669
.1000
24, 756
3 839
.1001
23,190
1,692
.0932
5,919
10, 189
8,039
11, 947
5,014
5,819
7,606
9,517
7,994
6,625
19, 868
7,591
15, 093
8,568
5,747
9,697
9,941
10, 976
8,265
13, 233
r
35, 353
62,199
21,223
64 465
14, 192
69 092
10,632
81,260
8,239
90 152
7,127
100 759
6,042
105 574
8,528
112 115
13, 155
109, 624
14, 265
101, 842
27, 270
89 724
33,839
74, 863
6,106
3.389
5,191
3.495
3,321
5.101
2,404
7.179
1,823
9.226
1,412
11.896
1,305
13.833
1,510
14.803
2,221
13.706
2,747
12,068
4,130
10.485
5,363
8,547
2
Revised.
> Preliminary.
* Beginning July 1949, figures exclude data for one secondary plant included previously.
See note marked "§."
IGovernment stocks represent those available for industrial use; data for December 1948 reflect a considerable transfer of pig tin to strategic stock piles.
.1733
30, 281
30, 161
HEATING APPARATUS, EXCEPT
ELECTRIC
Boilers, radiators and convectors, cast iron:
Boilers (round and square):
Shipments
thous of Ib
Stocks end of month
do
Radiation:
Shipments
thous of sq ft
Stocks, end of month
do
69, 061
86, 882
108, 192
164, 464
.1342
.9572
SURVEY OF CUERENT BUSINESS
S-34
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1949
1948
Novem-
October
ber
Decem-
ber
January
Febru-
ary
March
May
April
June
July
August
Septem-
ber
October
METALS AND MANUFACTURES—Continued
HEATING APPARATUS, ETC.— Continued
Boilers, range, shipments ___
_ _ number _ _
Oil burners:
Orders, unfilled, end of month
do__ _
Shipments
__do
Stocks, end of month
do
Stoves and ranges, domestic cooking, exc. electric:
Shipments, total
number
Coal and wood
do _ _
Gas (inc. bungalow and combination)
do _ .
Kerosene, gasoline and fuel oil
do
Stoves, domestic heating, shipments, total do
Coal and wood
do
Gas
do
Kerosene, gasoline, and fuel oil
do
Warm-air furnaces (forced-air and gravity-air flow) ,
shipments total
number
Gas
do
Oil
do
Solid fuel
do
Water heaters, nonelectric, shipments
do
43, 417
38, 973
33, 810
34, 513
31, 892
36,295
27, 799
24, 867
29,250
27, 587
63, 198
59, 351
41, 366
57, 087
39, 690
42, 773
51, 225
27, 090
45, 501
45, 947
26, 201
43, 781
47, 722
23, 878
43, 581
47, 673
25, 895
47, 112
51, 231
25, 504
56, 430
51, 388
34, 906
54,684
51, 210
46, 862
48, 050
55 060
41, 589
46 910
304, 971
25, 480
259, 513
• 19, 978
750, 738
213, 754
271, 543
265, 441
258, 193
20, 832
215, 715
21, 646
509, 780
147, 042
189, 515
173, 223
175, 615
16, 536
136, 683
22, 396
234, 434
79, 628
83, 004
71, 802
136, 321
14, 440
107, 148
14, 733
125, 563
24, 114
40, 076
61, 373
154, 230
16, 285
118, 171
19, 774
98, 800
15, 102
32, 986
50, 712
189, 388
17, 107
152, 217
20, 064
112, 212
11, 107
42, 038
59, 067
177, 962
12, 610
150, 737
14, 615
89, 125
12, 986
34, 354
41, 785
177, 292
10, 797
152,382
14, 113
99, 691
17, 716
45, 821
36, 154
187, 294
10, 477
163, 115
13, 702
187 626
42, 249
62 692
82, 685
149 399
11 780
126, 619
11 000
288 102
75, 257
104 603
108, 242
107, 024
24, 862
26, 718
55, 444
172, 366
77, 498
17, 403
19, 981
40, 114
142, 474
51, 163
13, 044
15, 563
22, 556
114, 817
31, 855
8,876
9,714
13, 265
116, 402
33, 125
8,543
8,834
15, 748
108, 485
41, 376
12, 146
10 330
18, 900
133, 674
34, 595
12, 263
9,668
12, 664
140, 597
42, 427
17, 131
12 613
12, 683
150, 111
55 857
24, 573
16 820
14 464
165, 597
48 551
20, 059
15 237
13, 255
144, 701
39, 273
41, 492
60, 801
74, 116
42 004
65, 364
94, 805
35 451
241 977
17, 144
207, 521
17 312
563, 694
146, 962
220 861
195, 871
262 193
18, 926
229, 244
14 023
734, 975
213, 955
263 859
257, 161
r
T
111, 500
48, 156
30 852
32, 492
191, 787
r
r
r
r
r
84 250
36, 492
26 143
21,615
180, 632
MACHINERY AND APPARATUS
Blowers, fans, and unit heaters, quarterly:
Blowers and fans, new orders
thous. of dol__
TJnit heater group new orders
do
Foundry equipment (new), new orders,
net
1937-39=100..
Furnaces, electric, industrial, new orders:
Unit
kilowatts
Value
thous of dol
Machine tools, shipments
1945-47=100 _
Mechanical stokers, sales:
Classes 1, 2, and 3
number .
Classes 4 and 5:
Number
Horsepower
Pumps, steam, power, centrifugal and rotary, new
orders
thous. of dol .
12, 984
11,201
r
12, 672
6,549
17, 029
11, 432
16, 266
6,075
296.0
284.4
243. 7
149.9
144.4
190.8
172.0
121.9
164.9
146.6
127.1
166. 6
133.5
7,413
599
80.4
3,110
273
76.2
4,960
690
96.9
9,328
948
68.8
3,802
402
70.3
4,242
436
75.8
5,473
543
74.7
5,998
762
72.8
2,278
196
79.0
2,401
329
60.7
1,892
210
67.3
3,033
318
67.6
^62.3
10, 685
4,765
2,851
1,949
1,820
1,784
1,524
1, 552
2,676
2,378
4,214
6, 671
4,257
391
76, 774
248
46, 679
245
63, 206
193
52, 677
144
43, 781
133
47, 957
117
37, 836
158
30, 910
252
58, 142
191
31, 703
343
65, 118
3,571
3,580
4,263
3,390
3,247
3 593
2,699
2,775
3,019
3,358
2,845
2,541
1,906
1,243
826
560
499
685
1,059
250
281, 573
382, 400
245
255, 080
319, 300
217
274, 180
183, 700
254
228, 769
172, 400
224
241, 267
201, 300
245
309, 897
242, 500
216
252, 656
192, 500
220
222, 850
211, 700
179
207, 354
260, 700
390
391
391
359
329
366
315
285
4,922
4,966
4,862
4,462
4,077
4,702
4,170
4,802
4,259
4, 328
4,424
4,227
4,324
3,844
T
r
268
50, 693
239
40,923
3,767
2,914
2,539
1,637
2,648
' 2, 786
2,574
210
161, 920
200,900
205
219 909
323, 789
357, 281
333, 700
282
240
273
3,697
3,646
3,329
3,649
4,380
4,479
3,966
3,649
2,776
2,678
3,038
3,201
1,063
T
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Batteries (automotive replacement only) , shipments
thousands _.
Domestic electrical appliances, sales billed:
Refrigerators, index
1936=100
Vacuum cleaners standard type
number
Washers
do
Insulating materials and related products:
Insulating materials, sales billed, index 1936=100
Fiber products:
Laminated fiber products, shipments
thous. of dol. _
Vulcanized fiber:
Consumption of fiber paper
thous. of lb_.
Shipments of vulcanized products
thous. of dol__
Steel conduit (rigid) and fittings, shipments
short tons
Motors and generators, quarterly:
New orders, index
1936=100
Polyphase induction motors, 1-200 hp.:cf
New orders
thous of dol
Billings
do
Direct current motors and. generators, 1-200 hp.:c?
New orders
thous of dol
Billings
do
1,597
1,568
1,525
1,518
1,454
1,496
1,247
1,133
982
810
947
1,013
24, 588
27, 650
28, 113
22, 705
21, 630
24, 590
21, 931
17, 566
13, 240
12, 568
12, 400
14 992
301
262
240
24, 697
29 090
21,148
22, 421
18, 679
20, 542
17, 293
19 655
5,016
6,708
5,266
5, 236
4,997
4,833
2,898
3,248
PETROLEUM, COAL, AND PRODUCTS
COAL
Anthracite:
Production
thous of short tons
Stocks in producers' storage yards, end of month
thous. of short tons-_
Exports
do
Prices, composite, chestnut:
Retail
dol per short ton
Wholesale
-do
Bituminous:
Productiont
-- --thous. of short tons. _
Industrial consumption and retail deliveries, total
thous. of short tons._
Industrial consumption, total
do
Beehive coke ovens
do- _
Byproduct coke ovens
-do
Cement mills
do
Electric-power utilities
do_ _
Railways (class I)
do. _.
Steel and rolling mills
do
Other industrial §
do
Retail deliveries
__do
4,961
4,680
4,499
3,722
2,927
2, 373
3, 722
4,403
3,403
3,921
3,707
«• 2, 112
4,985
703
642
971
470
964
408
928
305
837
338
442
301
573
424
584
617
450
610
661
358
879
382
601
399
724
20.10
16. 391
20.10
16. 384
20.10
16. 389
20.30
15. 982
20.60
i 16. 029
20.59
i 16. 029
20.01
i 15. 695
19.44
i 15. 565
19.75
15. 759
19.80
i 15. 814
20.08
i 16. 102
' 53, 936
' 50, 239
' 50, 385
47, 802
45, 342
33, 096
46, 417
47, 945
35, 170
26, 748
37, 153
43, 959
37, 749
954
8,268
771
8,261
7,655
793
11, 047
6,210
46, 913
38, 014
999
8,655
777
8,508
7,710
859
10, 506
8,899
47, 291
37, 814
981
8,654
733
8,251
7,498
878
10, 819
9,477
42, 270
33, 703
983
7,835
640
7,167
6,628
812
9,638
8,567
44, 337
34, 553
695
8,513
666
7,347
6,565
849
9,918
9,784
37, 494
31, 363
995
8,253
649
6,330
6,121
714
8,301
6,131
34,764
29, 718
825
8,305
670
6,142
5,892
621
7,263
5,046
32, 608
26, 891
417
7,523
633
6,338
5,274
559
6,147
5,717
29, 884
25, 842
44
7,008
629
6,168
4,974
505
6,514
4,042
33, 591
28,005
79
7,384
641
6,732
5,133
551
7,485
5,586
r
r
45, 951
38, 576
974
8,500
751
8,689
7,851
766
11, 044
7,375
1
1
19.65
15. 615
1
19,380
r
r
1
20.32
16. 165
10,550
28, 121
36, 537
21, 622
27, 292
17
47
2,442
' 7, 161
643
625
6,341
6,279
4,584
4,709
279
527
7,378
7,882
9.245
6.499
r
Revised.
* Preliminary.
* Data beginning January 1949 are not strictly comparable with earlier figures because of a reduction in the number of reporting cities; December 1948
figure strictly comparable with January 1949, $15.844.
cf The number of companies reporting beginning the second quarter of 1949 is as follows: Direct current, 28; polyphase induction, 32.
§Data for coal-mine fuel are included in "other industrial."
^January-September 1948 revisions (thous. of short tons): 57,160; 50,880; 34,693; 35,407; 57,144; 53,677; 49,025; 54,293; 52,679.
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
S-35
1949
1948
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
October
November
December
January
February
March
May
April
July
June
August
September
October
PETROLEUM, COAL, AND PRODUCTS—Continued
CO A L— Con ti nued
Bituminous— Continued
Consumption on vessels (bunker fuel)
thous of short tons
Stocks, industrial and retail dealers', end of month ,
total
thous of short tons
Industrial, total
do_ _.
Byproduct coke ovens
do
Cement mills
do
Electric-power utilities.
_do _
Railways (class I)
do
Steel and rolling mills
do_ _
Other industrial
do
Retail dealers
do
Exports
do
Prices, composite:
Retail
dol. per short ton
Wholesale:
Mine run
do
Prepared sizes
do
COKE
Production:
Beehive
thous of short tons
Byproduct
do
Petroleum coke
do
Stocks, end of month :
Byproduct plants total
do
At furnace plants
do
At merchant plants
do
Petroleum coke
do
Exports
do
Price, beehive, Connellsville (furnace)
dol. per short ton..
117
100
51
32
46
49
68, 696
65, 772
11, 348
1,354
23, 875
9,C99
1,066
19, 030
2,924
4,202
69 578
66, 499
11, 464
1,377
24, 894
9,153
1,019
18, 592
3,079
3,570
69 373
66. 667
12, 104
1,291
24, 812
9,411
1,052
17, 997
2,706
2,316
67 795
65, 552
12, 481
1, 184
24, 150
9,551
1,017
17, 169
2,243
2,083
68 834
66, 927
13, 759
1,103
24, 120
9,861
1,121
16, 963
1,907
2,021
60, 511
59, 048
11, 452
99
65, 164
63, 066
12, 914
1,105
23, 499
9,296
1,160
15, 092
2,098
' 3, 752
984
22, 127
8,908
1,023
14, 554
1,463
2,016
118
114
87
85
72, 755
70, 273
15, 870
1,433
25, 444
9,701
1,360
16, 465
2,482
4,827
74, 161
71, 351
15, 747
1,614
25, 607
9,818
1,376
17, 189
2,810
4,349
69, 119
66, 399
13, 896
1,469
25, 062
8,669
1,214
16, 089
2,720
1.923
68 621
65, 776
13 604
1. 454
25, 458
8 196
1,152
15 912
2 845
2 274
78
r
r
r
62 064
59, 990
11, 903
1,422
24, 142
6,680
1,029
14 814
2,074
1 806
15.99
15.99
15. 96
15.99
16.04
16.04
15.84
15.51
15.52
15.53
15 54
15 69
8.403
9.199
8. 395
9.211
8.756
9.250
8.816
9.276
8.832
9.303
8.778
9.237
8.570
9.029
8.539
8.921
8.518
8.929
8.531
8.945
8 515
8 964
8 580
9.060
623
5,966
249
610
638
624
623
437
633
528
268
5,807
6,066
6,076
5,475
5,958
5,761
5,798
5, 242
4,911
279
288
253
276
5 142
259
261
323
282
302
304
1 474
986
489
115
46
1,589
1,059
1 591
1,103
1,541
1, 113
1,504
1,122
1,313
1,748
1,182
1,705
1.C77
1 906
1,077
488
129
38
428
154
39
382
158
32
458
198
34
566
227
53
629
228
79
2 027
1 054
530
117
46
952
361
174
42
1,473
1,015
830
241
63
973
250
38
236
43
14. 500
14. 500
14. 500
14. 500
14. 500
14. 500
14. 450
14. 250
13. 812
13. 250
13. 250
13. 250
2,027
174 581
95
173 429
1,968
170 242
2,036
176 329
1,737
167, 072
1,397
150, 519
1,771
161, 955
1,726
150, 354
1,763
154, 146
2,090
147, 098
1,731
145 818
1,840
148 192
1,967
148 206
97
98
94
90
87
84
85
84
85
86
170 166
177, 335
175, 295
153, 440
165, 919
154,223
85
161, 053
154 861
160 358
162 485
162 812
234, 615
60 821
156 839
16, 955
9,357
240, 083
60 629
162, 885
16, 569
9,983
246, 199
60 783
169, 321
16, 095
10, 055
2 2258, 648
64 857
2
176, 316
2
17, 057
3 404
11, 561
2.510
3 192
13, 885
2.510
3 068
14, 166
2.510
2 127
14, 683
2.510
1 942
12, 854
2.510
1 866
11, 554
2.510
3 655
12, 332
2.510
2 872
12, 944
2.510
3 071
13, 092
2.510
33,140
39, 313
32, 434
38, 315
34, 274
40, 276
33,016
41, 999
28, 115
35,904
28, 914
38, 996
25, 368
34, 417
25, 199
35, 277
25, 595
38, 807
30, 645
39, 108
41, 243
47, 30C
41, 615
48, 097
34, 899
42, 911
32, 490
44, 344
22, 149
38, 085
3,267
6, 171
4,386
3 571
5,761
3 734
4,334
5, 733
5 805
5,356
5,380
4,923
4, 651
4,687
4,604
4, 615
4,9C6
5,370
82 920
72, 363
83 909
77, 033
75 953
76, 942
1,266
1,134
1,153
1,376
1,121
1,344
1,108
711
881
642
821
774
562
809
514
1,019
24
47, 329
45, 919
10, 101
1,044
19, 706
4,170
899
9,999
1,410
15. 89
1
1
8. 634
9. 358
45
267
13. 250
PETROLEUM AND PRODUCTS
Crude petroleum:
Wells completed
number
Production
thous of bbl
Refinery operations
percent of capacity
Consumption (runs to stills)
thous of bbl
Stocks, end of month:
Gasoline-bearing in U. S., total
do
At refineries
do
At tank farms and in pipe lines
do
On leases
_
do
Heavy in California
do
Exports
do
Imports
do
Price (Kansas- Oklahoma) at wells, .dol. per bbl._
Refined petroleum products:
Fuel oil:
Production:
Distillate fuel oil
thous. of bbl
Residual fuel oil
do
Domestic demand:
Distillate fuel oil
do
Residual fuel oil
do
Consumption by type of consumer:
Electric-power plants
do
Railways (class I)
..
do
Vessels (bunker oil)
do
Stocks, end of month:
Distillate fuel oil
do
Residual fuel oil
_
_
do
Exports:
Distillate fuel oil
thous. of bbl
Residual fuel oil __ _ _
_ ...
do
Price, wholesale, fuel oil (Pennsylvania)
dol. per gal._
Kerosene:
Production
thous. of bbl
Domestic demand
do
Stocks, end of month
_
do
Exports
do
Price, wholesale, water white, 47°, refinery
(Pennsylvania)
dol. per gal._
Lubricants:
Production
thous. of bbl
Domestic demand
do
Stocks, refinery, end of month _
_.
do
Exports
do
Price, wholesale, cylinder, refinery (Pennsylvania).
_
dol. per gal__
2
265, 216
66, 317
182, 423
2
16, 476
269, 341
66 203
187, 034
2
16, 104
61, 729
62, 585
3
3
2
272, 520
68, 331
188, 152
2
16, 037
2
(2)
53, 937
59, 398
2
2
2
2
(2)
(2)
3
3
2
2
2
273, 912
66, 799
190, 868
2 16, 245
48, 923
3 58, 190
3
3
274, 691
64 040
194 685
2
15, 966
2
2
(2)
(2)
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
267,586
62 793
188,383
2 16,410
(2)
2
260, 585
60 760
183 849
2
15, 976
2
(2)
251, 689
58 244
177 571
2
15, 874
2
2
2
2
(2)
(2)
2 866
13,061
2.510
3 403
12, 091
2.510
2 619
12 348
2.510
23, 134
31, 218
25, 870
32, 250
27, 972
33, 414
30, 047
33, 299
17, 575
35, 378
16, 504
34, 877
18,790
35, 682
22, 858
38, 281
22, 478
39, 639
3,916
4,366
5,353
4,148
4,513
5,063
4,987
4,577
5,345
5,478
4,329
4,665
5,432
4,075
4 836
5,810
4,184
4 765
51, 231
59, 668
33 58, 381
63, 576
76 037
66, 843
33 83 213
67, 117
769
599
627
514
3
3
64 730
64, 628
r
3
3
656
608
71,553
66,084
3
3
453
730
.110
.110
.110
.110
.108
.103
.098
.088
.088
.088
.083
.084
9 663
9 411
26,283
10, 848
10 928
25, 829
10, 851
12 384
24, 010
10, 538
12 917
* 21, 261
8,789
10, 593
4
18, 953
8,974
9,913
17, 801
8,166
6,605
19, 052
7,361
4,577
21, 546
6,715
4 531
23, 648
6,974
5,676
24,826
7,175
6 315
25, 490
8,093
6,799
26, 650
113
297
246
189
489
148
258
181
.120
.120
.120
.120
.118
.112
.112
.112
4,580
3,178
9,306
4,175
3,229
9,512
4,193
2,597
10, 326
1,068
3, 638
2,195
10, 856
3,457
2,623
10, 588
1,031
3,606
2 752
10, 089
1,301
3,804
3 023
9,922
870
3,698
2,426
10, 931
1,138
898
.274
.222
.200
.190
.168.
.150
971
731
4,368
2 953
9, 843
1,142
.350
.318
.300
4
4
4
4
4
5
()
4
5
()
4
111
79
45
5
6,656
.088
93
5
(5)
()
()
3,729
3 026
8,734
998
3,510
3,111
8,962
1,115
.150
.148
.140
3,554
2,699
9,731
2.510
886
.140
t Revised.
1 Because of substitutions in the reporting companies, data beginning October 1949 are not strictly comparable with earlier figures.
23 Beginning January 1949, stocks of heavy crude in California are included in gasoline-bearing figures.
Beginning January 1949, data exclude cracking stocks (formerly included with finished stocks in California) and stocks held in distributors' tanks in California (formerly included with
bulk4 terminal stocks). Comparable figures for December 1948 (thous. of barrels): Distillate fuel oil, 71,381; residual fuel oil, 63,993.
Beginning
January 1949, stocks held by distributors in California (formerly included in bulk terminal stocks) are excluded; comparable figure for December 1948, 23,895,000 barrels.
5
No quotation.
SUEVEY OF CUKRENT BUSINESS
S-36
December 1949
1949
1948
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
PETROLEUM, COAL, AND PRODUCTS—Continued
PETROLEUM AND PRODUCTS— Continued
Refined petroleum products— Continued
Motor fuel:
All types:
Production, total
thous. of bbl _
Gasoline and naphtha from crude petroleum
thous. of bbl__
Natural gasoline and allied products do
Sales of 1. p. g. for fuel, etc., and transfers
of cycle products
thous. of bbl
Used at refineries
do
Domestic demand
do
Stocks, gasoline, end of month:
Finished gasoline, total
do
At refineries
do
Unfinished gasoline
do
Natural gasoline and allied products do
Exports
thous. of bbl _
Prices, gasoline:
Wholesale, refinery (Oklahoma)
dol. per gal_.
Wholesale, tank wagon (N. Y.)
do
Retail, service stations, 50 cities
_do._.
Aviation gasoline:
Production total
thous. of bbl
100-octane and above
do
Stocks, total
do
100-octane and above
do . _
Asphalt:
Production
short tons
Stocks, refinery, end of month. ..
do
Wax:
Production
thous. of Ib
Stocks, refinery, end of month
_do
Asphalt products, shipments:
Asphalt roofing, total
thous. of squares
Roll roofing and cap sheet:
Smooth-surfaced
do
Mineral -surfaced
do
Shingles all types
do
Asphalt sidings
do
Saturated felts
short tons
79, 476
78, 445
83, 279
80, 779
71, 357
79, 025
77, 157
82, 162
79, 383
82, 953
82, 232
80, 310
70, 579
12, 833
69, 588
12, 916
74, 268
13, 476
72, 310
12,998
63, 224
12,081
69, 984
12, 783
68, 432
12,346
72, 905
12, 476
70, 603
11, 964
73, 740
12, 479
73, 069
13, 054
71, 046
13, 270
3,936
6,617
75, 164
4,059
6,953
72, 560
4,465
7,143
72, 162
4,529
6,497
63,083
3,948
6,314
57, 934
3,742
6,577
73, 118
3,621
6,399
75, 279
3,219
7,241
81, 622
3,184
7,296
83, 338
3,266
7,269
82, 118
3,891
7,319
84, 632
4,006
7,470
80, 760
83, 969
47, 708
8,457
6,173
2,444
87, 275
49, 580
8,314
5,857
2,463
95, 422
55, 051
8,275
5,579
2,975
108, 544
65, 341
8,394
6,217
3,501
117, 496
73, 21 2
8,558
7,028
3,374
118, 822
74, 706
8,621
7,405
3,406
117, 020
70,817
8,331
7,253
3,364
113, 164
65, 988
8, 438
7,418
3,668
106, 068
60, 871
7,973
7,031
3,205
103, 867
58, 740
7,350
7,668
1,913
97, 724
55, 281
7,155
7,391
3,277
94, 445
53, 727
7,354
7,607
2,271
.105
.188
.196
.105
.188
.197
.103
.188
.201
.102
.191
.201
.100
.191
.201
.099
.191
.201
.099
.196
.204
.099
.196
.204
.100
.196
.204
.100
.196
.204
.100
.196
.204
.100
.196
203
3,603
2,864
6,224
3,001
4,287
3,143
6,797
3,309
4, 373
3,713
6,068
2,603
3,676
2,746
7, 401
i 3, 430
3, 805
3,078
i 7, 056
i 3, 123
3,975
3,106
* 7, 357
i 3, 500
3,951
3,125
i1 6, 852
3, 088
4,132
3,039
i 6, 841
i 3, 144
4,157
3,297
6, 790
i 3, 170
1
1
1
1
3,614
2,735
6, 584
3, 156
4,036
2,954
1 6, 179
12,782
1
1
•
.100
.196
.203
3 718
2 805
6, 171
2, 817
938, 000
685, 100
455, 800
526, 700
651, 100
765, 600
601, 500
556, 400
798, 900
899, 100
934, 000 1, 018, 700
859, 500 1, 028, 500 1, 224, 200 1, 351, 500 1, 445, 800 1, 510, 000 1, 500, 000 1, 354, 000 1, 247, 100 1, 044, 700
73, 640
154, 560
75. 040
155, 120
78, 960
154, 280
77, 560
151, 760
61,600
138, 600
76, 720
136, 640
69, 160
134, 680
72, 520
140, 560
73, 080
148, 680
64, 120
148, 400
66, 640
139, 720
72, 800
125, 160
5,715
4,708
3,231
3,077
3,108
3,695
4,650
4,196
4,596
4,273
5,482
5,968
5 970
1,454
1,366
2,894
320
44, 403
1,286
1,169
2,253
339
39, 384
935
860
1,437
226
29, 500
908
810
1,360
208
27, 563
936
843
1,330
184
27, 403
1,023
865
1,807
207
32, 256
1,189
976
2,484
180
45, 341
991
897
2,308
166
38,012
977
1,034
2,584
190
43, 153
988
990
2,296
181
42, 232
1,267
1,309
2,906
225
53 387
1 418
1 437
3 113
272
53 911
1 453
1 460
3 057
289
57 946
952 200
830, 000
PULP, PAPER, AND PRINTING
PULPWOOD AND WASTE PAPER
Pulp wood:
Receipts
__thous. of cords (128 cu. ft.)__
Consumption
__do
Stocks end of month
do
Waste paper:
Receipts
-_
- -short tons
Consumption
do
Stocks end of month
_do
WOOD PULP
Production:
Total all grades
thous. of short tons
Bleached sulphate
_
-short tons__
Unbleached sulphate
do
Bleached sulphite
do
Unbleached sulphite
do
Soda
-_ .
do
Groundwood
- do
Defibrated exploded etc
do
Stocks, own pulp at pulp mills, end of month:
Total, all grades
short tons..
Bleached sulphate
. -do _ _
Unbleached sulphate
do _
Bleached sulphite
_
do
Unbleached sulphite
do
Soda
_ _
do
Groundwood
_ _ _
do
Exports, all grades, total
Imports, all grades, total
Bleached sulphate
Unbleached sulphate
Bleached sulphite
Unbleached sulphite
Soda
Groundwood—
_
_
do __
do
do
do
do _ _ _
do
do
__do
2,041
1,895
5,778
1,658
1,822
5,608
1,706
1,688
5,622
1,788
1,824
5,604
1,644
1,619
5,575
1,628
1,739
5,465
1,226
1,572
5,112
1,311
1,537
4,876
1,451
1,502
4,877
1,388
1,330
4,918
1,778
1,670
5 015
1,674
1,681
4 991
644, 603
629, 100
487, 986
627, 082
617, 171
498, 301
591, 356
571, 176
516, 620
497, 232
509, 269
504, 084
498, 892
513, 396
488, 811
545, 024
545, 882
481, 050
509, 123
525, 914
439, 983
492, 256
511, 138
418, 706
491, 700
512, 582
397, 963
427, 149
419,348
405, 228
552, 539
586, 250
367, 874
589, 308
594 610
365, 657
1,153
117, 301
437, 552
163, 849
77, 378
44, 079
189, 856
68, 845
1,120
116, 782
417, 273
160, 162
76, 241
42, 471
193, 116
61, 344
1,023
103, 714
373, 350
146, 467
70, 698
41, 286
181, 178
56, 692
1,117
118, 969
428, 796
158, 635
70, 482
42,328
177, 719
63,973
979
109, 373
366, 048
150, 924
61, 418
39, 692
160, 759
57, 802
1,057
120, 949
381,575
164, 235
67, 140
43, 891
180, 197
52, 375
946
112, 324
344, 744
156, 712
56,963
39, 405
165, 322
32, 376
951
116, 830
343, 235
155, 353
58, 988
38, 061
166, 006
32, 282
920
112, 129
347, 366
135, 302
56, 309
33, 256
160, 917
33, 592
806
104, 061
307, 177
117,955
39, 249
32, 128
142, 101
28, 475
r
1,019
1, 030
119, 599
112, 819
408, 055
400 941
149, 967 •• 149, 496
57, 505 r 54, 219
40, 654
r 38, 844
157, 057 r 155, 658
35,463
52, 441
103, 372
9,191
16, 871
23,594
20, 640
3,241
21, 486
108, 378
11, 125
14, 228
27, 927
18, 556
3,109
24, 741
104, 126
11, 192
14, 535
21, 713
16, 852
2,880
28,186
114, 577
12, 582
16, 842
24, 744
19, 356
3,088
29,942
123, 569
15, 584
17,580
27, 809
20, 486
3,008
30, 311
139, 626
12, 819
17, 982
34, 653
22, 477
3,388
38, 616
151, 920
12, 866
17, 003
40, 803
23,634
3,463
44, 171
161, 188
14, 459
13, 224
45, 443
26, 711
3,631
46, 778
158,496
17,650
12, 043
39,823
28,831
5,116
43, 840
145, 522
17, 593
10, 190
37, 288
23, 173
4,488
40,584
139,658
18, 237
9,634
38,045
21, 515
4,668
36, 024
3,795
149, 272
19, 532
21, 036
42, 542
45, 694
2,184
17, 467
4,423
144, 542
21, 939
16, 532
40, 549
43,530
2,739
18,297
7,946
167, 107
21, 339
21, 312
49, 100
44,079
1,498
28,724
24, 451
127, 036
25, 385
18, 094
36,285
29,908
1,517
15,035
5,147
141, 366
32, 127
24,024
36, 523
31, 572
2,497
13, 979
11, 321
126, 685
27,690
13, 459
39, 872
28,764
2,352
13, 784
10, 923
97, 517
24, 393
11, 522
25,193
19, 155
2,197
14, 461
17, 750
143, 365
39, 272
16, 844
37,528
24, 941
2,100
21, 939
22,487
129, 611
36, 635
14, 309
33,686
27,020
1,695
15,629
6,266
113, 977
26, 394
15, 994
35, 027
23, 435
1,907
10, 784
6,068
135, 280
37, 409
13, 549
35,531
30, 430
2,351
15,548
T
121, 395
15, 442
9,650
33, 351
' 17,917
3,883
r
30, 863
r
4,989
118, 632
28,009
7,848
35, 491
26, 187
2,357
18, 193
PAPER AND PAPER PRODUCTS
All paper and paperboard mills:
Paper and paperboard production, total
1,925
1,856
1,595
1,712
1,571
1,556
thous. of short tons..
1,753
1,747
1.543
1,348
1.749
1,788
923
821
826
801
Paper___
_
do
968
887
895
797
807
862
717
877
699
841
761
762
700
735
695
827
683
579
Paperboard
do
823
826
74
116
98
49
54
56
106
102
81
53
Building board
do
64
85
*• Revised.
* Beginning January 1949, data exclude stocks of unfinished aviation gasoline; comparable figures for December 1948 (thous. of bbl.): Total, 5,915; 100-octane, 2,504.
1,146
128, 507
445 225
165, 553
63, 043
42, 506
167, 395
76, 925
114, 798
12, 047
8,445
33, 201
19, 808
3,364
27, 492
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-37
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
May
April
June
July
August
September
October
PULP, PAPER, AND PRINTING—Continued
PAPER AND PAPER PRODUCTS—Continued
Paper, excl. building paper, newsprint, and paperboard (American Paper and Pulp Association) :
Orders, new
__ _ _ _
short tons.
Orders, unfilled, end of month
do
Production
do _ Shipments
_
do Stocks, end of month
_ _ do _
Fine paper:
Orders, new
do .
Orders, unfilled, end of month _ __ __ do
Production
. _ _ ____
do _
Shipments
do
Stocks, end of month
do
Printing paper:
Orders new
do
Orders, unfilled, end of month
do
Production
do _
Shipments
_
_ _
do _
Stocks end of month
do
Price, wholesale, book paper, "B" grade, English finish, white, f. o. b. mill_ _dol. per 100 lb_.
Coarse paper:
Orders, new _ .
_
. short tons
Orders, unfilled, end of month
do
Production
__
__ __ do
Shipments
__
do
Stocks, end of month
do
Newsprint:
Canada:
Production
do
Shipments from mills.
do
Stocks, at mills, end of month __ _ _. do _
United States:
Consumption by publishers __
__
do
Production
do
Shipments from mills.
_ _
do
Stocks, end of month:
At mills
..
do
A t publishers _ _
_._ _ _ _ _ _
._ d o _
In transit to publishers
do
Imports
do
Price, rolls (New York)
dol. per short ton__
Paperboard (National Paperboard Association) :
Orders, new.
_
_
_ short tons _
Orders, unfilled, end of month
do
Production, total
do
Percent of activity
Paper products:
Shipping containers, corrugated and solid fiber,
shipments
mil. sq. ft. surface area
Folding paper boxes, value:
New orders
1936 = 100
Shipments
do
741,601
486, 380
781, 787
781, Oil
271, 147
690, 493
424, 785
750, 575
732, 656
277, 403
716, 171
431 , 978
720, 715
717, 139
288, 089
707, 112
416, 125
735, 997
724, 647
300, 816
643, 472
385, 086
676, 795
662, 996
307, 643
80, 313
48, 791
93, 224
92, 538
70, 394
73, 088
39, 408
85, 660
80, 611
77, 446
77, 966
43, 364
86, 196
82, 275
87, 638
83, 762
37, 740
87, 649
89, 868
85, 400
80, 650
38, 155
251, 023
238, 398
269, 603
268, 295
250, 963
203, 008
253, 493
248, 613
90, 416
240, 315
192, 520
248, 708
243, 890
96, 344
221, 004
85,012
232, 172
204, 498
261, 219
257, 205
86, 887
11. 30
11.30
11.30
269, 424
128, 105
276, 063
277, 956
65, 679
253, 558
257, 401
726, 594
732, 694
720, 730
321, 039
640, 445
354, 868
664, 594
665, 185
323, 650
629, 447
344, 235
639, 482
634, 235
330, 495
638, 617
347, 135
631, 906
626, 319
335, 220
86, 610
39, 070
87, 484
84, 422
86, 075
86, 234
43, 280
83, 706
86, 128
85, 970
80, 145
38, 795
84, 822
84, 302
89, 250
84, 215
38, 500
85, 363
85, 565
89, 000
71, 145
45, 390
66, 603
66, 407
88, 500
237, 156
169, 705
240, 199
240, 920
101,015
241, 305
166, 870
237, 088
238, 600
98, 480
230, 732
229, 000
97, 683
258, 988
178, 880
255, 393
252, 550
100, 365
225, 219
230, 058
93, 925
218, 920
177, 400
202, 468
204, 108
93, 000
11.30
11. 30
11.30
11.30
11.30
11.30
11.30
254, 792
244, 150
96, 165
252, 040
246, 509
81, 500
195, 350
74, 950
217, 475
215, 043
83, 500
193, 672
72, 425
208, 616
201,355
195, 343
89, 700
206, 055
196, 506
98, 250
198, 513
87, 200
187, 236
192, 380
94, 100
381,980
81,447
79, 300
83, 510
181,840
231,686
161,569
594.
376,
560,
568,
327,
904
893
472
696
440
r
r
r
T
r
721, 374
417, 250
684, 243
680, 005
332, 135
769,
475,
700,
705,
327,
263, 150
r
194, 945
' 248, 153
r
243, 043
' 98,000
11.30
797, 000
505 365
761, 000
763, 000
327, 475
87, 375
45, 500
87, 104
88, 000
87, 500
100, 000
50, 000
93, 000
95, 000
273, 295
213, 970
251, 942
249, 760
100, 000
275, 000
223, 000
268, 000
265, 000
105, 000
r
87, 445
45, 790
87, 847
87, 908
88, 440
r
779
835
984
229
715
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
11.30
' 248, 105 ' 281, 500
r
108, 500 * 145, 000
r 225, 676 r 237, 612
' 226, 795 r 243, 390
r
r
92, 980
87, 200
86,000
11.30
285, 000
160, 000
265, 000
267, 000
85, 000
113,485
117,930
119,000
268, 132
261, 379
64, 492
251, 800
257, 029
61, 207
270, 069
261, 485
70, 000
218, 650
97, 225
239, 403
232, 061
76, 000
399, 788
392, 560
83, 843
397, 330
405, 923
75, 250
385, 819
406, 678
54, 391
385, 961
375, 667
64, 685
372, 344
356, 963
80, 066
415, 792
388, 148
107, 710
404, 973
403, 542
109, 141
404, 869
425, 675
88, 335
399, 891
401, 538
86, 688
385, 027
382, 059
89, 656
408, 761
399, 223
99, 194
377, 147
396, 313
80, 028
395, 766
390, 016
85, 778
381, 697
76, 432
73, 214
364, 253
75, 518
72, 371
363, 698
74, 817
73, 584
332, 671
75, 626
75, 096
308, 753
68, 621
69, 235
366, 887
78, 322
77, 404
368, 945
75, 459
73, 930
392, 212
76, 723
76, 898
349, 944
76, 316
74, 359
313,118
318, 046
75, 749
73, 746
356, 528
68, 919
67, 933
399, 262
73, 350
75, 013
7,729
7,713
344, 226
92, 892
416, 984
100. 00
8,946
9,476
8,862
9,780
11,309
345, 423
101, 655
362, 298
100. 00
373, 590
84, 555
407, 527
100. 00
382, 691
98, 165
369, 223
100. 00
391, 580
92, 609
360, 047
100. 00
392, 601
82, 380
392, 317
100. 00
381, 865
79, 724
362, 996
100. 00
11, 134
373, 041
71, 404
414, 521
100. 00
13, 091
384, 872
75, 863
397, 741
100. 00
416, 595
76, 848
377, 409
14, 179
446, 964
86, 044
404, 129
13, 502
412, 805
75, 708
100.00
100.00
15, 165
444, 335
85, 333
353, 410
100. 00
831, 100
365, 900
832, 100
809, 700
338, 700
822, 500
957, 200
318, 700
953, 300
783, 700
304, 100
769, 400
656, 300
267, 700
694, 300
727, 300
272, 000
731, 800
688, 000
260, 300
696, 700
686, 700
238, 700
692, 300
692, 000
243, 300
696, 800
618, 100
268, 500
583, 800
890, 200
365, 609
821, 600
873, 000
360, 900
833, 800
96
94
84
88
85
84
79
78
75
64
86
87
945, 000
400, 589
888, 500
r
81,068
69, 903
70, 818
12,176
100. 00
94
5,758
5,536
4,942
4,710
4,346
4,893
4,646
4,555
4,773
4,324
5,681
5, 663
6,171
492.3
445.0
451.4
390.2
480.1
483.6
414.4
430.7
480.2
397.2
424.8
390.3
408.0
407.5
436.2
360.5
335.4
447.6
452.4
513.9
508.1
386.9
433.6
482.0
506.6
1,082
911
734
177
1,226
675
541
134
714
550
164
748
586
162
1,074
945
755
190
760
570
190
863
669
194
704
554
150
763
597
166
46, 128
111,875
53, 434
47, 117
103, 626
51, 217
40, 597
103, 017
46, 187
45, 307
99, 850
49, 579
472.0
PRINTING
Book publication, total
New books
New editions
number of editions
_ _
do
__ do _
886
196
987
239
822
252
1,129
944
185
RUBBER AND RUBBER PRODUCTS
RUBBER
Natural rubber:
Consumption
long tons
Stocks, end of month
_
_ do _ _ _
Imports, including latex and guayule
do
Price, wholesale, smoked sheets (New York)
dol. per lb__
Chemical (synthetic):
Production
_
long tons. _
Consumption
__
_
do ___
Stocks, end of month
do
Exports
do
Reclaimed rubber:
Production
do
Consumption
_ _ _ _ _ _ __
__do__
Stocks, end of month
do
49, 617
118, 187
61, 010
51, 632
113, 251
50, 613
45, 985
141,541
87, 635
50, 188
125, 050
67, 680
r
46, 285
118, 803
' 57, 176
53, 108
117, 664
56, 679
r
47, 859
112,916
' 50, 623
r 43, 978
' 100, 618
45, 620
.222
.197
.189
.192
.185
.191
.185
.178
.163
.164
.167
.176
.163
41, 419
38, 367
102, 842
40, 779
37, 690
107, 297
42, 133
35, 446
38, 890
36, 765
118, 357
36, 103
34, 611
36, 063
38, 746
116, 843
35, 445
36, 454
114, 944
31. 953
36, 949
106, 813
587
34, 270
30, 014
113, 595
691
33, 885
34, 419
111, 333
384
30, 878
r 32,443
r
110, 848
425
28,015
33, 481
103, 963
632
118,932
342
975
509
32, 335
35, 267
112, 739
622
21, 430
21, 377
32, 630
19, 741
19, 031
32, 868
18, 270
17, 712
32, 738
19, 991
19, 508
33, 397
18, 463
18, 649
32, 825
18, 184
18, 323
32, 326
18, 849
19, 316
30, 684
14, 626
15, 966
29, 126
17,813
19, 297
27, 526
>•r 18, 304
18, 517
' 26, 257
5,702
5,891
4,866
6,578
5,903
6,959
2,172
2,519
6,934
6,824
2,380
4,323
121
13,r 301
169
7,392
7,535
3,234
4,185
116
13,134
130
6,264
7,694
3,098
4,488
108
11,717
120
6,228
7,768
3,191
4,463
115
9,970
133
5,595
6,719
3,046
3,560
114
8,936
123
6,088
5,296
12, 410
<• 127
6,430
6,409
12, 466
89
5,230
6,300
11,364
80
5,169
6,603
9,858
72
4,902
5,842
8,916
81
451
348
115,111
486
23, 859
23, 512
31, 879
23, 050
22, 170
33, 378
TIRES AND TUBES
Pneumatic casings:
Production
Shipments, total
Original equipment
Replacement equipment
Export
_
Stocks, end of month
Exports
Inner tubes:
Production
Shipments
Stocks, end of month __
Exports
__
thousands
do
do
do
_ ___do_
do
do
6, 735
6,084
6,490
2,436
3,899
155
9,905
125
5,591
5,441
2,335
117
2,299
2,953
189
5,896
5,285
2,304
2,855
127
10, 476
10, 698
11, 339
86
188
179
do
do_
_ _ do
do
6,064
5,126
8,915
9,303
55
__-_ _
_____
r Revised.
50, 797
89, 659
6,321
85
3,139
5,462
2,589
105
3,229
155
12, 385
r
161
13, 091
r 142
5,032
4,723
5,062
4,926
4,922
4,406
9,641
9,815
10, 442
5,174
11, 231
135
130
r 142
r 113
5,948
6,611
2,771
3,718
121
13, 191
»• 171
6,059
5,396
11, 748
' 110
20, 682
19, 635
26, 664
SUEVEY OF CUEEENT BUSINESS
S-38
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
December 1949
1948
October
November
1949
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
148, 461
STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
ABRASIVE PRODUCTS
Coated abrasive paper and cloth, shipments, reams. -
165, 337
139, 414
122, 239
125, 701
131, 393
143, 753
132, 813
120, 863
123, 343
111, 262
132, 950
144, 716
19, 349
93
20, 324
6,094
2,824
18, 435
92
18, 110
6,399
2,781
17, 425
84
12, 741
11,084
3,781
15,261
73
8,756
17, 591
5,475
13, 751
73
9,134
22 206
6,752
15, 439
74
14, 539
23 104
7,764
17, 682
85
17, 779
22 977
7, 560
18, 622
86
19, 426
22 170
7,440
18, 279
87
20 667
19 784
6 922
18 856
87
19 320
19 313
6 212
18 715
87
23 633
14 390
5 771
19 187
92
2? 778
r 1Q 797
r 4 4Q1
595, 584
556, 409
521, 308
493, 302
483, 574
413, 324
389, 199
307, 702
345, 696
289, 331
399, 729
380, 361
420, 477
407, 003
459, 671
433, 772
488, 860
464, 536
449, 182
444 523
506 890
507 886
492 123
500 344
PORTLAND CEMENT
Production
Percent of capacity
Shipments
Stocks finished end of month
Stocks, clinker, end of month
__
thous. ofbbl
thous. of bbl
do
do
19 057
88
21 277
8 577
3 600
CLAY PRODUCTS
Brick, unglazed:
Production
thous. of standard brick- _
Shipments
__
do _ _
Price, wholesale, common, composite, f . o. b. plant
dol. per thous-_
Clay sewer pipe, vitrified:
Production
short tons
Shipments
_ do _ _
Structural tile, unglazed:
Production
-- - -do _
Shipments
do
23. 599
23. 817
23. 868
24. 085
24. 060
24. 050
24. 021
24. 002
24. 000
23. 964
24. 045
r 24. 043
135, 565
135, 123
128, 423
120, 233
124, 647
100, 836
116, 015
83, 965
114, 311
80, 815
124, 781
112, 870
125, 128
112, 584
126, 612
117, 523
125 012
121,010
105 703
111 298
126 139
132 431
123 0?1
129 811
111, 992
110, 948
108, 111
103, 823
103, 514
94, 289
100, 398
85, 222
101,059
89, 899
117, 742
105, 978
114, 878
100, 093
112, 150
112, 997
111,533
111 846
120, 780
105 648
121 209
118 388
109 675
115 559
9,075
8,170
7,214
6,469
6,751
6,026
7,302
6,203
6,501
6,029
7,288
6,929
7,035
6,869
7,663
7,811
8,036
7,928
8, 108
7,746
8 662
8'933
7 550
7 981
24. 026
GLASS PRODUCTS
Glass containers:
Production
thous. of gross
Shipments, domestic, total ._ _. _ _._do
General-use food:
Narrow-neck food
__do _ _
Wide-mouth food (incl. packers' tumblers)
thous. of gross _ _
Beverage (returnable and nonreturnable)
thous. of gross. _
Beer bottles.
_
-do _ _
Liquor and wine
do
Medicinal and toilet
do
Chemical, household and industrial
do _ _
Dairy products
do
Fruit jars and jelly glasses
do
Stocks end of month
do
Other glassware, machine-made:
Tumblers:
Production
thous. of dozens
Shipments
- do
Stocks
do
Table, kitchen, and householdware, shipments
thous. of dozens..
823
8 283
7 737
534
569
601
589
645
649
715
701
748
1 108
1 164
760
1, 775
1,731
1, 761
1,667
1,822
1,763
2, 020
2, 084
2,022
2,528
1,965
i 2, 157
460
422
1,308
2,008
648
320
20
7,776
2246
321
1,263
1,592
443
290
14
8,306
250
332
872
1,564
417
281
11
8,745
159
278
811
1,792
507
277
16
9,459
218
327
799
1,605
540
244
39
9,713
396
464
1,035
1,678
563
262
64
9,801
538
480
841
1,612
587
251
148
9,763
816
567
840
1,666
628
227
333
9,374
1,025
646
837
1,584
553
242
255
9,270
911
538
874
1,526
561
253
311
9,425
486
443
942
1 992
'728
346
359
8 906
206
317
1 121
1 975
205
8 318
i 15
8 602
5,852
5,427
7,150
5,398
4,873
7,662
4, 835
4,347
8,245
4,722
4,288
8,366
4,707
4,450
8,693
4,796
5,038
8,474
4, 621
4,905
8,270
5,242
5,055
8,615
4 608
4,993
8 154
3 899
4,197
7 689
4 907
5 157
7 715
4 770
4 734
7 618
7 676
4,301
3,225
2,785
2,959
3,084
3,645
3,264
3,672
3,368
2,528
3,323
3,349
3,801
2,161
1
164
298
1 359
2 024
' 652
687
341
308
5 521
5 436
GYPSUM AND PRODUCTS
Crude gypsum:
Imports
- -thous. of short tons
Production
do
Calcined, production
.
do
Gypsum products sold or used:
Uncalcined
_. short tons
Calcined:
For building uses:
Base-coat plasters
- do
Keene's cement
.
do
\11 other building plasters
do
Lath
thous of sq ft
Tile _
do _-Wallboard J*
do
Industrial plasters
short tons
895
1,827
1,607
357
1,466
1,382
612, 919
511
1,590
1,313
991
1 615
I 418
508, 200
485, 097
473 462
490, 297
12,419
139, 265
649, 924
6,991
729 939
397, 763
10, 263
108, 453
512, 015
6,052
629 052
443, 069
11, 734
108, 400
393, 725
6,991
574 797
514
12
118
538
9
610
55, 067
57, 575
57, 052
T
531
659
814
427
341
334
169 584
TEXTILE PRODUCTS
CLOTHING
Hosiery:
Production _ _
- thous. of dozen pairs .
Shipments
- do-- _
Stocks end of month
do
11, 809
12, 472
21, 825
11,338
11,345
21, 817
11, 280
9,663
25, 051
11,165
10, 939
25, 420
11, 243
11, 408
25, 234
12, 009
12, 808
24, 386
11,158
11,714
23 820
11,024
10, 898
23, 938
11, 786
11,205
25, 800
9,693
9,450
26, 044
12, 354
12 809
25 589
13 564
14 526
23 741
12 997
13 883
24 703
COTTON
Cotton (exclusive of linters) :
Production:
12, 744
3 14, 580
G innings §
thous. of running bales .
10, 437
13, 430
14, 140
298
1 247
5 309
Crop estimate, equivalent 500-lb. bales
3 14, 868
thous. of bales ._
685, 881
674, 283
640, 179
721, 378
696, 505
675, 466
580, 476
Consumption
.
bales
598, 502
600 651
454 426
664 133 709 958
Stocks in the United States, end of month, total
13, 729
9,019
12, 535
7,877
11,470
6,836
thous. of bales. . 14, 839
10, 346
5,283
5,781
18, 369
18, 829
8,925
14,709
13,604
12, 420
7,786
11,361
10, 247
6,754
Domestic cotton, total
. do
5,705
5,215
18 769
18 305
6,045
844
2,074
3,640
557
1,630
1,228
On farms and in transit-.
do
479
256
316
14, 194
11, 487
7, 532
6,657
5,842
7,278
8,785
8, 410
8,203
Public storage and compresses
do
5,057
4, 388
4,128
3,941
6,120
1, 492
1,391
1, 558
1,554
1, 385
Consuming establishments..
do - 1,575
1,548
1,216
834
998
634
698
130
125
99
Foreign cotton, total
do
110
95
116
91
83
76
69
59
64
r
2
3
Revised.
Jelly glasses included with wide-mouth food containers.
Returnable only.
s Total
Total gginnings of 1948 crop.
* November 1 estimate of 1949 crop.
-ir5 inct tori
cf Includes lamiinated board, reported as component board.
§Total ginnings to end of month indicated.
9 544
4
15 524
725 602
17, 328
17 403
7,907
8,344
1 077
75
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
S-39
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
December 1949
1949
1948
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
TEXTILE PRODUCTS—Continued
COTTON— Continued
Cotton (exclusive of linters)— Continued
Exports
._
. _ _ _ bales..
246, 161
Imports
do
11,726
.311
Prices received by farmers
dol. per lb__
1
f
Prices, wholesale, middling, "/i&' , average, 10
markets
_
dol. per Ib
.312
Cotton linters:
Consumption
thous. of bales- .
115
Production
do _
222
r
Stocks end of month
do
436
428, 132
51
.305
21, 568
5 443
.296
402, 923
12, 244
.293
496, 578
8, 533
.291
576, 846
7, 595
.287
591, 105
4,497
.299
463, 978
3,014
.300
508, 246
4, 057
.301
221,941
11,218
.301
167, 616
5,324
.293
211,372
55, 889
.297
.287
.315
.322
.326
.326
.326
.330
.329
.328
.321
.310
.300
.296
117
219
527
114
204
609
123
188
671
119
159
667
134
144
682
120
99
660
126
80
588
122
58
503
103
44
456
136
63
385
141
182
411
143
83, 294
2,604
58, 030
2,007
2,261
16 046
2,216
102 321
2,270
88 172
1,765
2,251
93 525
2,411
79 355
1, 188
74, 317
1,616
2,003
81,115
649
65, 886
822
60, 018
1,057
66, 384
1,198
37. 55
.338
.157
.178
35 35
.338
155
.174
33.99
. 338
.158
.172
32.78
.338
.155
.170
32.30
.338
.152
.170
31.35
.317
.146
.170
29.94
.303
.138
.170
28.76
.303
.131
.168
27.75
.303
.126
.163
28.18
.303
.128
.161
30.61
.303
.144
.160
34.70
.303
.163
.165
36.08
.303
.166
.167
.686
.941
.686
.917
.666
.882
.659
.882
.642
.862
.629
.827
.612
.789
.604
.776
.598
.764
.600
.764
.610
.772
.620
.799
.639
.823
22, 483
21, 157
9,521
400
8,889
120.0
22, 513
21, 231
9,253
389
8,681
111.9
22, 043
20, 776
9,102
383
8,544
104.1
22, 186
20, 927
8,940
376
8,425
112.0
21,950
20, 758
8,425
355
7,966
112.3
21, 515
20, 425
9,352
393
8,922
106.8
20, 864
19, 801
7,776
327
7,442
97.9
20, 936
19, 862
7,737
325
7,358
93.8
20, 568
19, 464
7,975
337
7, 506
95.8
20, 137
19,012
5,988
255
5,637
79.6
20, 941
19, 747
8,827
377
8, 267
102.5
21, 180
19, 975
9,287
396
8,725
115.2
21, 450
20, 215
9,540
409
8,978
123.3
71.8
21.9
70.4
21.3
75.0
21.2
69.8
17.8
63.5
14.7
57.8
7.8
48.0
6.2
52.1
7.8
56.8
10.9
58.7
13.7
69.2
19.4
'74.8
'22.7
76.2
24.2
10.1
4.7
1,654
12.3
5.4
2 822
11.1
4.6
4,344
15.2
6.2
2,824
20.3
9.7
1,827
32.9
16.2
1,433
44.1
19.1
718
49.8
20.4
297
49.7
18.9
106
48.6
16.8
32
41.9
12.8
468
'31.1
7.8
257
25.3
4.8
.770
.370
.770
.370
.770
.370
.770
.370
.770
.370
.770
.370
.770
.370
.746
.362
.710
.350
.710
.350
.710
.350
.710
.350
.710
.350
787
510
614
1 018
1 215
423
12
48
460
90
27
25
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
33, 988
18, 092
42, 411
29, 705
16, 634
38, 840
37 099
19 000
39 495
29 624
16, 928
42 870
27 688
15, 676
39 701
29 110
18, 575
31 272
20 152
12, 840
24 511
21,576
12, 264
22, 118
28, 785
11,415
29, 878
29, 244
10, 588
38, 046
36, 110
13, 380
39, 252
1.788
.560
1.750
.560
1.790
.560
1.800
.560
1.800
.560
1.800
.560
1.800
.560
1.781
.556
1.725
.545
1.600
.545
1.525
.545
1.525
.545
1.525
.545
1.615
1.615
1.801
1.925
1. 925
1.925
1.862
i 1. 675
1 1. 675
1 1. 675
1. 675
1 1. 675
75
1 626
24
73
1,543
26
79
1,669
28
80
1,746
25
171
82
158
75
143
74
120
60
COTTON MANUFACTURES
Cotton cloth:
Cotton broad-woven goods over 12 inches in width,
production, quarterly
..mil. of linear yards
Exports
thous. of sq. yd__
Im ports
do
Prices, wholesale:
Mill margins
cents per Ib
Denims, 28-inch
dol. per yd_.
Print cloth 38 \*> -inch, 64 x 60
do
Sheeting, unbleached, 36-irich, 56 x 60
do
Cotton yarn, Southern, prices, wholesale, mill:
22/1, carded, white, cones
dol. perlb-.
40/1 twisted, carded, skeins
_.
do.Spindle activity (cotton system spindles):
Active spindles, last working day, total. _ _ thous. .
Consuming 100 percent cotton
. _ -do-_
Spindle hours operated, all fibers, total- .mil. of hr. Average per spindle in place
hours
Consuming 100 percent cotton
mil. of hr._
Operations as percent of capacity
r
RAYON AND MANUFACTURES AND SILK
Rayon yarn and staple fiber:
Consumption:
Filament yarn
mil. of lb_.
Staple
fiber
- _. do
Stocks, producers', end of month:
Filament yarn
_ _ do
Staple
fiber
___
. do_.
Imports
thous. of Ib
Prices, wholesale:
Yarn, viscose, 150 denier, first quality, minimum
filament
dol. per l b _ _
Staple fiber viscose, \Yz denier
do
Rayon broad-woven goods, production, quarterly
thous. of linear yards
Silk, raw:
Imports
thous of Ib
Price, wholesale, Japan, white, 13/15 (N. Y.)
dol. per lb._
WOOL
Consumption (scoured basis) :§
Apparel class
__
-- _ _
thous. of Ib
Carpet class
do
Imports
._ - do
Prices, wholesale, Boston:
Raw, territory, 64s, 70s, 80s, scoured..dol. perlb__
Raw bright fleece 56s, greasy
do
Australian, 64s, 70s, good topmaking, scoured, in
bond
-_.
._ _ - dol. per Ib
434, 460
512 663
)42 401
22, 636
6, 520
23, 082
r
r
1
1. 675
1
2.60
WOOL MANUFACTURES
Machinery activity (weekly average) :§
Looms:
Woolen and worsted:
85
Pile and Jacquard
thous. of active hours, _
89
80
78
77
Broad
_
do
2,224
2,143
2 106
1 987
2 153
Narrow
do
23
29
26
27
30
Carpet and rug:
159
172
172
Broad
do
173
166
Narrow
_
do
114
103
88
97
1-26
Spinning spindles:
Woolen
do
92, 989
90, 274
84,113
82, 547
78, 006
92,615
91 , 989
85, 177
80, 209
Worsted.
.
do
101,900
164
105
156
189
160
Worsted combs _
.
_ _ ._
do
Wool yarn:
61,714
54, 688
52, 208
57, 611
66, 898
Production, total §
thous. of lb__
5,584
5,232
Knitting§
_
do_
5,907
6 958
6,409
Weaving§
do
38, 256
35, 709
41, 166
31,176
32, 760
15, 995
Carpet and other § __
do
17,049
18, 774
16, 344
15, 800
Price, wholesale, worsted yarn (Bradford
3.425
weaving system) 2/32s
_dol. perlb_
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.410
r
l
Revised.
*> Preliminary.
Nominal price.
§Data for December 1948 and March, June, and September 1949 are for 5 weeks; other months, 4 weeks.
r
C7
1, 620
25
70
41
' 76, 257rr 72, 030
69, 738
62, 884
123
122
67, 404
73, 066
142
68, 201
59, 803
110
75, 641
63, 969
115
59 435
6 485
34, 360
18, 590
45, 936
5,656
27, 056
13, 824
49, 356
4,996
31, 256
13, 104
60, 495
6,650
41, 120
12, 725
3.425
3.395
3.375
3.375
r
83
1, 960
30
79
1,920
26
124
65
125
65
88, 831
81, 906
145
82, 051
90, 365
151
r
r
r
' 42, 884r r56, 096
6, 544
4 916
r
31, 124 rT 38, 416
r
11, 136
6 844
3.375
3.375
68, 535
8,625
45, 880
14, 030
3.244
2.850
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
S-40
December 1949
1949
1948
Unless otherwise stated, statistics through
1948 and descriptive notes are shown in the
1949 Statistical Supplement to the Survey
October
November
December
January
February
March
May
April
June
July
August
September
October
TEXTILE PRODUCTS—Continued
WOOL MANUFACTURES—Continued
Woolen and worsted woven goods, except woven
felts:
Production quarterly, total
thous. of lin. yd
Apparel fabrics, total
do
Government orders
do
Other than Government orders, total do
Men's and boys'
__ _ _ do
Women's and children's
do
Unclassified _
, do
Blanketing
do
Other nonapparel fabrics
_ _
do
Prices, wholesale, f. o. b. mill:
Suiting, unfinished worsted, 13 oz_.dol. per yd__
Women's dress goods, flannel, 8 oz, 54-inch
dol. per yd_^
115, 483
99, 767
3,651
96, 116
39, 711
49, 130
7, 275
5,990
9,726
r
r
102, 250
87, 556
4,953
82, 603
34, 420
40, 634
7, 549
5,555
9,139
91, 921
75, 937
3, 218
72, 719
108 273
91, 745
3 613
88, 132
35, 269
45, 014
7,849
6 165
10 363
r
r
>• 33, 227
r
30, 344
r
9, 148
r
5, 704
r
10, 280
3.589
3.589
3.589
3.589
3.589
3.589
3.589
3.589
3.589
3.459
3.069
3.069
3,069
2.624
2.624
2.698
2.722
2.722
2.722
2.722
2.722
2.722
2.475
2.475
2.475
2.475
1,541
1,374
1,416
3,033
2,471
1,532
1 487
1 981
1 769
272
88
284
243
' 626, 180
'298
'274
534 493
521, 524
91 389
82, 487
MISCELLANEOUS
Pur sales by dealers
thous of dol
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
AIRCRAFT
502
117
317
137
235
183
160
139
257
161
399
196
452
223
474
*78
439
!89
301
156
491, 803
679
600
383, 755
361, 867
107,369
91, 296
468, 822
545
460
364, 440
346, 999
103, 837
89, 030
486, 981
824
763
378, 455
360, 986
107, 702
90, 667
431, 276
658
618
326 019
312, 199
104 599
91, 282
426, 665
418
326
324, 547
310, 343
101 700
88, 540
518, 118
545
423
402, 402
385, 834
115 171
99, 925
543, 118
514
494
436, 392
422, 149
106 212
91, 808
481, 467
564
511
394, 703
380, 489
86, 200
75, 518
593, 640
632
522
493, 882
480, 009
99 126
89, 174
579, 048
439
399
483, 261
471, 752
95, 348
85, 427
657, 664
444
420
557, 370
544, 630
99 850
89, 989
- - - do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
36, 562
17 651
18, 911
3 725
3,584
1 982
1 602
141
20, 526
10, 742
9,784
3 819
3,694
2 444
1,250
125
*• 25, 094
12 420
r 12, 674
2 752
2 631
1 426
1 205
121
r
i 24, 275
12, 993
1 11, 282
2,197
2,109
1,314
795
88
i 20, 234
10 853
1
9, 381
2 601
2 504
1 482
1 022
97
i 21, 387
12 326
1
9, 061
do
do
291 442
84 284
313? 230
75 024
311 419
70 282
273 161
66 423
258 218
67 537
360 584
87 165
390 932
78 857
446 251
86 375
432 470
79 069
448 477
76, 866
478 556
85 539
459 647
89 253
9 169
6 806
6,649
2 363
92
81
75
11
9 486
7, 168
6,976
2 318
88
69
69
19
10 491
7 888
7,364
2 603
96
83
78
13
9 427
6 644
6,130
2 783
91
82
71
9
10 800
7,906
7,421
2 894
80
75
66
5
12 626
9 674
8,958
2 952
76
74
69
2
11 184
8 896
8,499
2 288
85
85
85
9 532
6 886
6,879
2 646
95
95
77
9,148
5,832
5,805
3 316
98
98
94
6,645
3,866
3,655
2,779
68
68
66
7 184
4 251
4,245
2 933
70
70
65
6 201
3 996
3,936
2 205
93
93
87
1,754
1,755
1,755
1,757
1,761
1,763
1,767
1 770
1,771
1,769
1 767
1 766
1,765
78
4.6
95 785
61, 438
34, 347
79
4.7
90 484
57, 877
32, 607
80
4 7
84 161
53, 118
31, 043
88
5 2
81 683
51,007
30 676
91
5 4
73 384
46, 403
26 981
94
55
63 410
38 654
24 756
98
5 7
53 975
30, 850
23 125
109
6 4
45 057
23,816
21 241
113
66
36 331
19, 368
16 963
126
7.4
31,746
16, 474
15, 272
125
73
26 599
13 473
13 126
124
7 3
20 609
9 419
11 190
132
77
16 183
6,442
9 741
2,646
8.0
2,600
7.9
2,439
7.5
2,479
7.7
2,504
7.8
2,650
8.3
2,602
8 3
2,737
88
2,665
8 7
2,833
9.3
2,949
98
2,992
10 0
3,189
10 8
86
72
14
1,544
1,541
3
133
33
100
78
65
13
1,615
1, 615
72
60
12
1,561
1 561
73
62
11
1,490
1 490
43
33
10
1,452
1 452
35
26
9
1,287
1 287
38
17
21
1,134
1 134
30
10
20
1,043
1 043
29
10
19
1,098
1 098
25
7
18
984
984
23
6
17
873
873
21
5
16
775
775
17
2
15
816
816
43
15
28
87
10
77
81
14
67
50
g
42
48
10
38
113
43
70
90
7
83
123
69
54
73
17
56
64
12
52
80
4
76
239
216
23
209
158
51
237
194
43
204
184
20
270
255
15
247
214
33
199
142
57
208
179
29
205
175
30
168
133
35
202
183
19
185
168
17
Civil aircraft shipments c?
Exports
number
do
1
MOTOR VEHICLES
Factory sales, total
Coaches total
Domestic
Passenger cars total
Domestic
-Trucks total
Domestic
number-do
__do.do
__do
do
do --
--
Exports, total
Passenger cars
Trucks
Truck trailers production total
Complete trailers
Vans
All other
Chassis shipped as such
Registrations:
New passenger cars
New commercial cars
_ _
r
r 29, 131
27, 166 r 31, 717
' 30, 004
42, 476
18 822
13 536
12 676
15 673 r 14 598
' 15, 595 ' 14, 490 »• 16, 044
15, 406
23, 654
3 426
2 766
2 760
2 296
2 634
3 299
2 181
2 510
2 695
2 568
1 935
1 490
1 095
1 254
1 231
1 205
1 086
1,364
1 256
l'337
127
71
115
124
192
22, 648
»• 12 028
10 620
2 817
2 686
1 575
1 111
131
r
r
r
572, 917
322
275
487, 891
476, 461
84, 704
76, 584
465 765
86, 398
RAILWAY EQUIPMENT
American Railway Car Institute:
Shipments: .
Freight cars total
number
Equipment manufacturers, total
do
Domestic
--do
Railroad shops, domestic
do
Passenger cars, total
do
Equipment manufacturers, total
do
Domestic
do
Railroad shops domestic
do
Association of American Railroads:
Freight cars (class I), end of month :§
Number owned
_
__
thousands
Undergoing or awaiting classified repairs
thousands- _
Percent of total on line
Orders unfilled
number
Equipment manufacturers _ _ __
do
Railroad shops
do
Locomotives (class I), end of month:
Steam, undergoing or awaiting classified repairs
number-Percent of total on line.
.__
Orders, unfilled:
Steam locomotives, total
number
Equipment manufacturers
_ do
Railroad shops
do
Other locomotives, total
do
Equipment manufacturers
_ do
Railroad shops
do
35 xports of locomotives, total
do
Steam
._
. do
Other
do
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
INDUSTRIAL ELECTRIC TRUCKS AND
TRACTORS
.'Shipments, total
Domestic
Export
-
_
-
__number-_
do
- do
r
1
254
235
19
Revised.
Data beginning May 1949 for aircraft exports, and beginning July 1949 for truck exports and total motor-vehicle exports are not comparable with earlier figures; see note "1" for p. S-21.
cf Publication of data for military shipments and the total, previously shown here, has been discontinued by the Civil Aeronautics Administration.
§ Not including railroad-owned private refrigerator cars.
U. S. G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G OFFICE: 1949
-INDEX TO MONTHLY BUSINESS STATISTICS, Pages S1-S40Pages marked S
38
Abrasive paper and cloth (coated)
Acids
24
7
Advertising
Agricultural income and marketings
2
15
Agricultural wages, loans
22
Airline operations.
Aircraft
11,12,14,40
Alcohol, denatured and ethyl
24
Alcoholic beverages
2,27
Aluminum
33
Animal fats, greases
25
Anthracite
2, 5,10,12,14,15,34
Apparel, wearing
5,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,38
Armed forces
10
Asphalt and asphalt products
36
Automobiles....
2,3,7,8,9,11,12,14,18,21
Balance of payments
20
Banking
__
_ 15,16
Barley
28
Barrels and drums
32
Battery shipments
34
Beef and veal
29
Beverages, alcoholic
2,27
Bituminous coal
2,5,10,12,14,15,34,35
Boilers
33,34
Bonds, issues, prices, sales, yields
19
Book publication
37
Brass
33
Brick
5,38
Brokers' loans
16,19
Building contracts awarded
6
Building costs
6,7
Building construction (see Construction).
Building materials, prices, retail trade
5, 7,8,9
Business, orders, sales, inventories
3
Businesses operating and business turn-over __
4
Butter
27
Candy
29
Cans, metal
33
Capital notations
18,19
Carloadings
22,23
Cattle and calves
29
Cement
2,5,38
Cereal and bakery products, price
5
Chain-store sales
9
Cheese
27
Chemicals
2,3, 5,11,12,14,15,18, 21, 24
Cigars and cigarettes
30
Civil-service employees
12
Clay products (see also Stone, clay, etc.)
2,38
Clothing
5,8,9,11,12,14,15,38
Coal
2,5,11,12,14,15,34,35
Cocoa
29
Coffee
22,29
Coke
2,35
Commercial and industrial failures
4
Construction:
New construction, dollar value
6
Contracts awarded
6
Costs
.
6,7
Dwelling units started
'.
6
Highway
6,12
Employment, wage rates, earnings, hours __
10,
11,12,13,14,15
Consumer credit
16
Consumer expenditures
1,8
Consumers* price index
5
Copper
21,33
Copra and coconut oil
25
Corn
19,28
Cost-of-living index (see Consumers' price
index)
5
Cotton, raw. and manufactures
2,
4,5,11,12,13,14,21,38,39
Cottonseed, cake and meal, oil
25
Crops
2,4,25,28,30
Currency in circulation
18
Dairy products
2,4,5,27
Debits, bank
15
Debt, short-term, consumer
16
Debt, United States G overnment
17
Department stores
8,9,10,16
Deposits, bank
15,16,18
Disputes, industrial
13
Distilled spirits
27
Dividend payments and rates
1,18, 20
Drug store sales
8,9
Dwelling units started
6
Earnings, weekly and hourly
13,14,15
Eggs and poultry
2,4,29
Electrical equipment
3,4,7,34
Electric power, production, sales, revenues—
26
Employment estimates
10,11,12
Employment indexes
11
Employment security operations
13
Emigration and immigration
23
Engineering construction
6
Expenditures, United States Government
16
Explosives
24
Exports (see also individual commodities)
21
Express operations
22
Factory, employment, pay rolls, hours, wages. _ 10,
11,12,13,14,15
Failures, industrial and commercial
4
Farm income and marketings
2
Farm wages
15
Farm products, and farm prices.
2,4
Fats and oils
5,25,26
Federal Government,
finance
16,17
Federal Reserve banks, condition of
15,16
Federal Reserve reporting member banks
15,16
Fertilizers.
5,24
Fiber products
34
Pages marked S
Fire losses
7
Fish oils and
fish
25, 29
Flaxseed
25
Flooring
31,32
Flour, wheat
28
Food products
2,3,
4, 5, 7,8, 9,11,12,13,14, 27, 28, 29,30
Footwear
2,5,8,9,11,12,14,31
Foreclosures, real estate
7
Foreign trade, indexes, shipping weight, value
by regions, countries, economic classes, and
commodity groups
21, 22
Foundry equipment
34
Freight cars (equipment)
40
Freight carloadings, cars, indexes
22, 23
Freight-car surplus and shortage
23
Fruits and vegetables
2,4,5,21,27
Fuel equipment and heating apparatus
33,34
Fuel oil
35
Fuels
2,5,35
Fur
„ _ _ 22,40
Furnaces
34
Furniture
2,5,7,8,9,11,12,13,14
Gas, customers, sales, revenues
26
Gasoline
36
Glass and glassware (see also Stone, clay, etc.). 2,38
Generators and motors
34
Glycerin
24
Gold
_
18
Grains
4,19,21,28
Gross national product
1
Gypsum
38
Heating and ventilating equipment
33,34
Hides and skins
5,22,30
Highways
6,7
Hogs
29
Home-loan banks, loans outstanding
7
Home mortgages
7
Hosiery
5,38
Hotels
11,13,15,23
Hours of work per week
12,13
Housefurnishings
5, 7,8,9
Housing
5,6
Immigration and emigration
23
Imports (see also individual commodities)
21,22
Income, personal
1
Income-tax receipts
16
Incorporations, business, new
4
Industrial production indexes
2,3
Instalment loans
16
Instalment sales, department stores
9
Insulating materials
34
Insurance, life
.
17,18
Interest and money rates
16
International transactions of the U. S
20, 21, 22
Inventories, manufacturers' and trade
3,9,10
Iron and steel, crude and manufactures
2,3,
4,5,11,12,13,14,21,32,33
Kerosene
_
35
10
Labor force
Labor disputes, turn-over.
13
29
Lamb and mutton
29
Lard
33
Lead.
Leather and products
2,3,5,11,12,14,30,31
Linseed oil,
25
Livestock
2,4,29
Loans, real estate, agricultural, bank, brokers'
(see also Consumer credit)
7,15,17,19
Locomotives
40
Looms, woolen, activity
39
Lubricants
35
Lumber
2,5,11,12,14,31,32
Machine activity, cotton, wool
39
Machine tools
34
Machinery
2,3,4,11,12,14,18,21,34
Magazine advertising
7
Mail-order houses, sales
10
Manufacturers' sales, inventories, orders
3,4
Manufacturing production indexes
2,3
Meats and meat packing
2,4, 5,11,12,13,14, 29
Metals
2,3,4,5,10,11,12,13,14,18,32,33
Methanol..
24
Milk
27
Minerals
2,3,12,14,15
Money supply
18
Mortgage loans
7,15
Motor fuel
36
Motor vehicles
8,40
Motors, electrical
34
National income and product
1
Newspaper advertising
7
Newsprint
22,37
New York Stock Exchange
19,20
Oats
28
Oil burners
34
Oils and fats
5, 25, 26
Oleomargarine
26
Operating businesses and business turn-over. _
4
Orders, new, manufacturers'
4
Paint and paint materials
5,26
Paper and pulp..
2,3,5,11,12,14,36,37
Paper products
36,37
Passports issued
23
Pay rolls, indexes
12
Personal consumption expenditures
8
Personal income
1
Personal savings and disposable income
1
Petroleum and products
2,3,
5,10,11,12,14,15, 21, 22,34,35,36
Pig iron
32
Pages marked S
Plant and equipment expenditures
1
Plastics and resin materials, synthetic
26
Plywood
31
Population
10
Pork
29
Postal business __
8
Postal savings
16
Poultry and eggs
2,4,5,29
Prices (see also individual commodities):
Consumers' price index
5
Received and paid by farmers
4
Retail price indexes
5
Wholesale price indexes
5
Printing
2,3,11,12,15,37
Profits, corporation
_
18
Public utilities... 1, 5,10,11,13,14,15,17,18,19, 20
Pullman Company
^
23
Pulpwood
36
Pumps
34
Purchasing power of the dollar
5
Radio advertising
7
Railways, operations, equipment, financial statistics, employment, wages __
1,
11,12,13,14,15,17,18,19,20,22,23,40
Railways, street. (See Street railways, etc.)
Rayon, and rayon manufactures
2,5,39
Real estate
7
Receipts, United States Government
16
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, loans
17
Refrigerators
34
Rents (housing), index
5
Retail trade, all retail stores, chain stores, department stores, mail order, rural sales, general merchandise
3,4,8,9,10
Rice
28
Roofing and siding, asphalt
36
Rosin and turpentine
24
Rubber, natural, synthetic, and reclaimed,
tires and tubes
22,37
Rubber industry, production index, sales, inventories, employment, pay rolls, hours,
earnings
2,3,11,12,14,15
Rye
28
Savings deposits
16
Savings, personal
1
Securities issued
18,19
Service industries, employment
11
Sewer pipe, clay
38
Sheep and lambs
29
Shipbuilding
11,13,14
Shoes
2,5,8,9,11,12,14,31
Shortenings
26
Silk, imports, prices
5,22,39
Silver
18
Skins
5,22,30
Slaughtering and meat packing
2,
11,12,13,14,29
Soybeans, and soybean oil
25
Spindle activity, cotton, wool
39
Steel ingots and steel manufactures (see also
Iron and steel)
32,33
Steel, scrap
32
Stocks, department stores (see also Manufacturers' inventories)
10
Stocks, dividends, issues, prices, sales, yields. _
20
Stokers, mechanical
34
Stone, clay, and glass products
2,
11,12,13,14,38
Stoves
34
Street railways and buses
13,14,15,22
Sugar
22,30
Sulfur
24
Sulfuric acid
24
Superphosphate
24
Tea
30
Telephone, telegraph, cable, and radio-telegraph carriers
10,13,14,15,23
Textiles
2,3,5,11,12,13,14,21,38,39,40
Tile
38
Tin
22,33
Tires and inner tubes
5,11,12,14,15,37
Tobacco
2,3,4,7,11,12,13,14,30
Tools, machine
34
Trade, retail and wholesale.. 3,4,8,9,10,11,13,14,15
Transit lines, local
15, 22
Transportation, commodity and passenger
22, 23
Transportation equipment
2,3,4,11,12,13,14,40
Travel
23
Truck trailers
40
Trucks
40
Turpentine and rosin
24
Unemployment and unemployment compensation
10,13
United States Government bonds
17,18,19
United States Government,
finance
16,17
Utilities
1,5,10,11,13,14,15,17,18,19,20
Vacuum cleaners
34
Variety stores
8,9
Vegetable oils
25,26
Vegetables and fruits
2,5,21,27
Vessels cleared in foreign trade
23
Veterans' unemployment allowances
13
Wages, factory and miscellaneous
Washers
Water heaters
Wax
Wheat and wheat
flour
Wholesale price indexes
Wholesale trade
Wood pulp
Wool and wool manufactures
Zinc.
13,14,15
34
34
36
19,28
5
10
36
2, 5, 22,39,40
33
REPRINTS FROM THE
ERTINENT Survey of Current Business
articles for the evaluation of market trends are
currently available in a 110-page publication—
SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS
Among the subjects covered
in this booklet are:
Inventory Turn-Over in Retail Trade
Retail Sales and Consumer Income
Postwar Patterns of Chain and Independent
Store Sales
ECONOMIC analyses for
estimating market trends are an important part of
the "stock in trade" of each issue of Survey of
Current Business, the magazine of the Office of
Business Economics.
Trade data of enduring importance and significance are published every month, brought together
and interpreted in timely articles dealing with
causative factors in the economy—consumer demand, rate of production, income available for
expenditures and savings—and the effect of these
and other economic forces on particular segments
of the business population.
The most-sought-after analytical articles of this
type written in recent months by specialists in the
Office of Business Economics have been assembled
for handy reference in The Trend of Postwar
Markets.
THE TREIV0 OF POSTWAR
Plant and Equipment Programs and Sales
Expectations
Capital Requirements of New Trade Firms
Sales and Inventory Trends of New Trade
Firms
Regional Trends in Income Payments
THE EMERGING PEACETIME
ECONOMY—
A REVIEW OF 1948 is also included for background use in assessing current trends
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