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STATISTICAL ATLAS.
Map 299, plate 47, shows the average yield of Indian
com per acre cultivated in that crop. It develops the fact
that the heaviest yield per acre cultivated is, in the main,
in that region in which the crop is of the greatest abso
lute importance, as shown above, and that where it is of
less importance, there the yield per acre is smaller.
Map 300, plate 47, shows the relation between the corn
production and the population in the form of the yield
per capita. The features of this map are very similar to
those of the first and second maps of the groups relating
to this cereal, the product per capita being highest in the
states of the upper Mississippi valley.
301. Production
of
55
Oats,
by
States : 1890.
[Hundreds of millions of bushels.]
OATS.
Diagram 301 shows the product of oats in those states
in which the crop is of importance. These are almost
entirely northern states, and the two states, Iowa and
Illinois, produce more than double that of any other
state.
Diagram 302 shows the yield of oats per acre culti
vated in that crop. Besides having the largest crop of all
the states, Iowa has the largest yield per acre, its yield
being about 39 bushels. In this regard she is followed by
Wisconsin, Illinois, and Michigan, in the order named.
Map 303, plate 48, shows the yield of oats per square
mile. This is a measure of the absolute importance of
the oat crop. It is heaviest in northern Illinois and
northern Iowa, while it is of great importance also in all
the states of the upper Mississippi valley and of the
Lakes, together with New York and Pennsylvania. It is
of little importance in the south and far west.
Map 304, plate 48, shows the production of oats per
acre of improved land, being a measure of the importance
of the oats crop in relation to the sum of all other crops.
This is seen to be the greatest in northern Illinois, Iowa,
Wisconsin, and southern Minnesota, and least in the
southern and western states.
Map 305, plate 48, shows the yield of oats per acre
cultivated in that crop, and here it is seen that where it
is of the greatest absolute importance, there the yield is
the greatest.
Map 306, plate 48, shows the production of oats as
compared with the population. This is greatest in the
states bordering on the Great Lakes and those of the
upper Mississippi valley, while it is of trifling importance
in the south and southwest.
RYE.
Diagram 307 shows the production of rye in those states
in which it is of importance. It is raised mainly in the
northern states, and of those, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania,
New York, Kansas, Illinois, and Michigan are of the
greatest importance, in the order named.
Diagram 308 shows the average yield of rye per acre
cultivated, and it appears that Minnesota has the highest
yield per acre, followed by Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin, and
Iowa.
Map 309, plate 49, shows the distribution of the pro
duction of rye as compared with the total area. It
shows that the principal regions are in New York, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, southern Michigan, Wisconsin, and
Minnesota.
Map 310, plate 49, shows the production of rye in com
parison with the area of improved land; that is, it outlines
the regions in which rye is of importance as compared
with other crops. The presentation made by this map is
quite similar to that of the last, excepting the addition of
considerable areas in Kansas and Nebraska.
307. Production
of
Ry e ,
by
[Millions of bushels.]
States : 1890.
STATISTICAL ATLAS.
56
311. P r o d u c t i o n o f B a r l e y ,
BA RLEY .
by
States: 1890.
[Millions o f bushels.]
The production of barley is shown, by states, by Dia
gram 311, where it appears that most of the barley of the
country is produced in California, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minne
sota, and New York.
The yield per acre is shown by Diagram 312. It is
seen to range from 32 bushels down to 14.5 bushels per
acre, Wisconsin leading with the highest production.
The production of barley per square mile, being a
measure of its absolute importance as a crop, is shown by
Map 313, plate 50. Being a cold weather crop, its habitat
is seen to be mainly in the Lake states and in California.
Map 314, plate 50, shows the relative importance of
this cereal to other crops, which represents its range as
widespread, it being of importance over the Lake states
and much of the far west.
312. Average Y ield
BU CK W H EA T.
of
Barley
per
A cre,
States : 1890.
by
[Bushels.]
Diagram 315 shows the production of buckwheat by
states. New York produced far more than any other state,
Pennsylvania about two-thirds as much as New York,
Wisconsin about one-third as much as Pennsylvania, and
other states still less.
Diagram 316 represents the average production of
buckwheat per acre by states.
Map 317, plate 51, shows the production of all grains,
as compared with the area of the improved land. It is a
measure of the importance of grain cultivation to all other
crops. The upper Mississippi valley and the Lake states
are seen to be the great grain producing region of the
country.
CO TTO N.
The total yield of cotton in 1890 was 7,472,511 bales.
The production of the various cotton states is shown by
Diagram 318, Texas, owing largely to its immense area,
having the greatest production, Georgia and Mississippi
being second and third in the list, and Alabama fourth.
Diagram 3x9 shows, by states, the yield of cotton per
acre cultivated in that crop. It appears that in the state
of Louisiana the average yield per acre was more than
half a bale, in Arkansas more than four-tenths of a bale,
and in Mississippi just four-tenths of a bale.
Map 321, plate 52, shows the production of cotton per
square mile of total area by counties. It is seen that the
heaviest production is in the alluvial regions of the Missis
sippi valley. Following that in point of magnitude is the
middle region of the south Atlantic and Gulf states.
Cotton production extends into Virginia, Kentucky, and
Missouri, to only a trifling extent.
Map 322, plate 52, shows the average yield of cotton
per acre cultivated in that crop. Here again the heaviest
yield is found in the alluvial regions of the Mississippi,
Red, and Arkansas rivers, while all over the south
Atlantic and the Gulf states the yield is fairly good.
Toward the margin of the cotton region, both on the
north and on the south, the yield per acre is light.
318. Production
of
315. Production
of
Buckwheat,
dy
States : 1890.
[Millions of bushels.]
316. Average Y ield
of
Buckwheat
per
Acre,
by
States : 1890.
[Bushels.]
Cotton, b y States : 1890.
319. A v e r a g e Y i e l d
of
C o t t o n p e r A c r e , b y S t a t e s : 1890.
[Bales.]
303.
YIELD OF OATS PER SQUARE MILE:
305.
1890.
AVERAGE YIELD OF OATS PER ACRE:
1890.
PLATE 48.
T ry ;5 ^ 7 -1 ,
Mi
i
j
Ohrrlt 7
fy A lb v Q
Gr*rn'
AHKi.V.1
G re t* ^
AHKA.Y,
(ta rrrn
/‘’a ctW o itJr
,'ii-ks.bn
Under 10 bushels per acre
Under 64 bushels per sq m ile
10 to 20
6 4 to 160
640 - 3200
36 bushels and over
3200 bushels and over
304.
4
c ,y ? fr
^ S
®
it
'
PRODUCTION OF OATS PER ACRE OF IMPROVED LAND:
306.
1890,
PRODUCTION OF OATS PER CAPITA:
1890.
h tt j
y
a
H
rt*sovki
<O 'N a il
tfhcAvVl
\Hauie
!""VAtchison,
VtOlff Vfil
k
! I,e a ye n w orU
•&N.Y
Gardan
f;:v\
Grf<rn^lle
& B (u l
ix f |
vWi
ijvif”J|
i
_ J \ 1
U *
i
\ a
it 1
ra k
w li
i
$
wm
w/M
A
iV
&
ij/
H
\ 1
\t 1
i—
Under 1 bushel.
■
l to 5 bushels
H
5-13
‘San Antonia
Under Vio b u shel
I
bushels and over
Absence of color indicates the unsettled area
IS
L,
i IV i 13 - 5 0
HI
-
■
-
-
50 bushels end over
~T
j
Absence of color indicates theunsettled area
309,
A
i
y J / j\
_ / T/ 1
H
i
W
R
f
YIELD OF RYE PER SQUARE MILE:
1890.
PLATE 49,
lO'.VtPii
)
l
-Coup -H B tu f fc
,i.-v
-o
ri--
E *ten
Ftu, Gil*1
-horff,
Under 64 bushels per si
64 to 160
640 • 3200
310,
HtoG&J
PRODUCTION OF RYE PER ACRE OF IMPROVED LAND:
1890,
>~v
U n d er 4!o bustle! p e r a m -
1 bushel and over
J U L IU S B I E N i 0 0 , L IT H . N.V.
3I3,
YIELD OF BARLEY PER SQUARE MILE:
I890
PLATE
50.
ON«U
D anvife-y
s OV
K n#i
/jtjdmt
-
„Ar&*/a\
Under 64 bushels per sq mih
64 to 160
Absence ot color indicates the unsettled area
3I4.
PRODUCTION OF BARLEY PER ACRE OF IMPROVED LAND:
I890,
J U L IU S BIE N A CO. LITH N Y
317.
PRODUCTION OF ALL GRAINS PER ACRE OF IMPROVED LAND:
/
1890,
PLATE
51.
k/
JJ
/•-—
’ \ N\Z"
c /
f
O 'Neil
uk J
BHI
Under1 bushel per acre of improved
i fh /
1 to 5 bushels
r
J
r;—TCi
:
0
pH
20 bushelsandover
320.
PRODUCTION OF TOBACCO IN RELATION TO THE ENTIRE AREA OF TOBACCO-PRODUCING COUNTIES
1890.
m W R
O .V eil
P'MtMgrjSSSZ?
V
] tM V *
n'a
119
j
l)a ,iv d lc^
Qeattur
■
lienrrt-
O. M A j
O'ulHnej
Ttwfilfo
"•uaIV .
100 to 1000 lb s .p e r sq.iufte
5000 - 10,000
10,000 - 15,000
15,000 lbs.and over
J U L IU S B IE N & CO. L IT H N.Y.
321,
322.
YIELD OF COTTON PER SQUARE MILE:
AVERAGE YIELD OF COTTON PER ACRE:
1890,
PLATE 52.
1890.
O V tA
<'herfir,
Atchiton
{•Puchlo
"''•v,it.
ARIOlYj,
A jv<j
ft lone
f c :—
U nder
b a le p e r a c r e
3A
b a le find over
Absence ot color indicates the unsettled area
STATISTICAL ATLAS.
326. Number
o f
H orses
o n
Farms,
b y
States
57
Map 325, plate 53, shows the yield of hay per acre.
Here it is seen that the highest yield per acre is found on
the Pacific coast, in certain regions of the west and in
central Texas. It is high also in the states bordering on
the Great Lakes.
HAY.
a n d
T erritories : 1890.
The hay product is one of the most valuable of the
country. In 1890 the crop amounted to 66,831,480 tons.
Map 324, plate 53, shows the production of hay com
pared with the total area, county by county. The heaviest
production is seen to be in the northern states, especially
those bordering upon the Great Lakes. The crop in the
south and west was of comparatively little importance.
[Millions.]
IL L IN O IS
IO W A
TEXAS
M ISSO U RI
KAN SAS
OHIO
IN D IA N A
327. Number
of
N eat Cattle
N EW YORK
o n
Farms,
by
States
and
L IV E STOCK.
The number of horses on farms in the country in 1890
was 14,969,467. These were distributed among the states
as shown by Diagram 326.
The number of neat cattle on farms, including working
oxen, milch cows, and beef cattle, was 51,363,572. These
were distributed among the states as shown by Diagram
327, Texas having far the greater number, followed by
Iowa, then Kansas, Illinois, and Missouri.
The number of swine 011 farms was 57,409,583. These
were distributed among the states as shown by Diagram
328, Iowa having a much larger number than any other
state, followed by Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, and Nebraska.
T erritories: 1890.
[Millions.]
N EBRASKA
S TA TE S.
P E N N S Y L V A N IA
M IC H IG A N
TEXAS
IO W A
M IN N ESO TA
KAN SAS
W ISCO NSIN
IL L IN O IS
KENTUCKY
M ISSO URI
C A L IF O R N IA
N EBRASKA
TEN N ESSEE
NEW YORK
OHIO
SOUTH D A K O T A
V IR G IN IA
P E N N S Y L V A N IA
W ISCO N SIN
OREGON
IN D IA N A
ARKAN SAS
M IN N E SO T A
COLORADO
M IS S IS S IP P I
W E S T V IR G IN I A
W A SH IN G T O N
ARKAN SAS
N O R TH C A R O L IN A b
M ARYLAND
G E O R G IA
M O N TA N A
V IR G IN IA
OREGON
M O N TA N A
NEW YO R K
ALABAM A
SOUTH D A K O T A
M A IN E
W Y O M IN G
G E O R G IA
N ORTH C A R O L IN A
UTAH
L O U IS IA N A
N E W M EXICO
W ISC O N SIN
M ISSO URI
OREGON
KEN TU CKY
IDAHO
F L O R ID A
UTAH
VERM ONT
W E ST V IR G IN IA
M A IN E
SOUTH C A R O L IN A
COLORADO
IR R IG A T IO N .
W YO M IN G
I11 that portion of the United States lying west of the
one hundredth meridian, excluding certain portions of
Idaho, Washington, Oregon, and California, the rainfall
is insufficient for agricultural requirements. In this
region, comprising about two-fifths of the area of the
country, irrigation is a necessity, and, the supply of water
for irrigation being much less than sufficient to irrigate
all the land, water has become the valuable article, while
land which is inaccessible to water has but a trifling value.
Map 330, plate 54, shows the extent to which this
region has been irrigated, the irrigation areas being
expressed by the green patches.
NEVADA
A R IZ O N A
IO W A
N EW H A M P S H IR E |
M ARYLAND
TEN N ESSEE
M A SSA C H U SE T T S
V IR G IN IA
W A SH IN G TO N
M IS S IS S IP P I
N E W H A M P S H IR E
F L O R ID A
DELAW ARE
O KLA H O M A
The number of sheep on farms was 35,935,364. Dia
gram 329 shows the distribution among the various states,
Ohio containing the greatest number, Texas next, followed
by California and Michigan.
IL L IN O IS
N O R TH D A K O T A
N E W M EX ICO
Territories : 1S90.
IN D IA N A
W E S T V IR G IN IA
C O N N E C TIC U T
a n d
N E W M EXICO
N E W JE R S E Y
SOUTH C A R O L IN A |
States
M IC H IG A N
P E N N S Y L V A N IA
M ASSACH U SETTS I
by
TEXAS
COLORADO
W Y O M IN G
Farms,
C A L IF O R N IA
L O U IS IA N A
V ERM O N T
o n
OHIO
TEN N ESSEE
M ISSISSIP PI
Sheep
S TA TE S.
M IC H IG A N
ALABAM A
of
[M illio n a .J
KENTUCKY
M ON TANA
N O R TH D A K O T A
329. Number
C A L IF O R N IA
G E O R G IA
ID AH O
N ORTH C A R O L IN A
NEW JERSEY
N EVADA
KAN SAS
CO N N E CTIC U T
M IN N E SO T A
UTAH
ALABAM A
O K LA H O M A
M A IN E
DELAW ARE
ID AH O
RH O DE IS L A N D
V ERM O N T
NEVADA
TOBACCO.
W A SH IN G TO N
The total production of tobacco in the United States
in 1890 was 488,256,646 pounds. The production in the
different states is shown in Diagram 323, from which
it appears that Kentucky produced many times as much
tobacco as any other state. Indeed, its product is nearly
half that of the entire country.
Map 320, plate 51, shows the distribution of tobacco
production over the United States. It is produced, not
only in the border states of Kentucky, Tennessee, the
Virginias, and North Carolina, but is found as far north
as Wisconsin, New York, Massachusetts, and New Hamp
shire, and as far south as Florida. Still, the great bulk
of the product comes from the border states.
323. Production
of
T obacco,
by
S t a t e s : 1890.
[H u n d r e d s o f m illio n s o f p o u n d s .!
ARKAN SAS
SOUTH D A K O T A
N EBRASKA
328. Number
L O U IS IA N A
N E W H A M P S H IR E
A R IZ O N A
F L O R ID A
SO UTH C A R O L IN A
N EW JER SEY
M ASSACH U SETTS
CO N N ECTICU T
Swine
on
Farms,
by
States
[Millions.]
N ORTH D A K O T A
M ARYLAND
of
STA TE S.
IO W A
IL L IN O IS
M ISSOURI
KAN SAS
N EBRASKA
IN D IA N A
OHIO
TEXAS
KEN TU CKY
TEN N E SSE E
ARKAN SAS
ALABAM A
GEO RGIA
W ISCONSIN
P E N N S Y L V A N IA
NORTH C A R O L IN A
M ISSISSIP PI
M IC H IG A N
M IN N ESO TA
NEW YORK
V IR G IN IA
SOUTH D A K O T A
C A L IF O R N IA
L O U IS IA N A
SOUTH C A R O L IN A
W E ST V IR G IN I A
F L O R ID A
M ARYLAND
N EW JE R SE Y
OREGON
N ORTH D A K O T A
VE R M O N T
M ASSACH U SETTS
M A IN E
W A SH IN G T O N
COLORADO
C O N N E CTIC U T
N E W H A M P S H IR E
DELAW ARE
ID AH O
UTAH
and
T erritories : 1890.
@FedFRASER