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P la te 6 POLITICAL P la te 6 H ISTO RY SUPREMACY OF PARTIES AND INCREASE OF THE POPULAR VOTE. 1789. 1797. W A S H IN G T O N . H IS T O R Y O F A D M IN IS T R A T IO N - S Y N O P S IS . 1 7 8 9 ,- In a u iju ra tio n a t New Y o rk C ity , A p r il 30. T h e a b o litio n o f slavery discussed. T h e b ill o f r ig h ts (te n c o n s titu tio n a l am endm ents) adopted. A t a r iff fo r revenue and to encourage m anufactures, adopted. T h e seat o f gove rnm ent located. 1790.—T h e p u b lic d e b t o f th e confederation re funded. S tate war debts assumed—$18,271,786. N a tu ra liz a tio n , p a te n t and c o p y rig h t laws, passed. 1791.—D is tille d liquors taxed.—(Resistance in Pennsylvania.) U n ite d S tates B ank chartere d (capital, $10,000,000). 1792.—T he Post Office D e p a rtm e n t organ ized. 1793.—A fu g itiv e slave law passed. W a r w ith E ngland th re a te n e d . 179 4.— 178© . N e u tra lity proclaim ed as to France and Electoral Vote. E n glan d. W h is k e y in s u rre c tio n in Penn W ashington. 69 sylvania. 17 9 5 .—E m bargo la id to oppose A d am s..........34 S c a tte rin g . . 35 V a ca n t.......... 8 T o t a l . . . . . . ..146 B r itis h “ O rde r in C o uncil.” J a y ’ s tre a ty o f commerce, boundary, and claim s w ith G rea t B rita in , ra tifie d . Second n a tu ra liz a tio n law passed. A cab in e t ru p tu re occurred. 1796,—T h e P re s id e n t and House o f Repre sentatives disagreed concerning th e tre a ty w ith G rea t B rita in . A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . F ed eralist. 1798.—A d v o c a t e d a ta riff. 1790.—A d v o c a t e d : — I n te r n a l revenue. A U n ite d S tates bank. T h e fu n d in g o f th e p u b lic deb t. T h e assum ption o f state war debts. A m ilit ia organiza tio n . 1793.—S ym pathized w ith England. A n ti-F e d e ra l. 1789.—A d v o c a t e d A b i ll o f rig h ts . Electoral Vote. S tate sovereignty. 179 0 .— O p p o s e d th e assum ption o f F ed era l. ..130 state w ar debts. em .-R ep. 98 D e m o c ra tic -R e p u b lic a n . 1793.— S ym pathized D S c a tte rin g 48 w ith France. T o ta l......... 276 i 7©e. “l M O N R O E .— Continued. a to u r o f th e S o uthe rn states, to in spect defenses and to m ake th e ac quaintance of th e people. A g reat fina n c ia l panic. F lo rid a purchased, (consideration, $5,000,000). 1 8 2 0 .—T h e “ E ra o f good fe e lin g ” inaugu ra te d . T h e M issouri com promise b ill passed. A navigation act passed, p rovid ing fo r im p o rts by U n ite d S tates vessels only. A n act passed, closing th e ports o f th e U n ite d S tates against B ritis h vessels fro m B r itis h colonies. 1821.—T h e electoral vote o f M issouri contested. 1 8 2 2 .—A tre a ty o f com merce w ith France, concluded. A n in te rn a l im provem ent b ill, pro v id in g fo r th e preservation and re p a ir o f th e C um ber la n d road, vetoed. T h e independence o f M exico and o f five provinces in S o uth A m erica, fo rm e rly und er th e dom in ion o f Spain, recognized. T h e In d ia n fa c to ry system abolished. 1 8 2 3 .—A tre a ty w ith G reat B r ita in fo r th e suppression o f th e slave trade, ra tifie d . T h e M onroe doctrine prom ulgated. [ “ I t is im possible t h a t th e allie d powers (of Europe) should ex te n d th e ir p o litic a l system to e ith e r (A m erican) c o n tin e n t w ith o u t endangering o u r peace and happiness.” ] 1 8 2 4 ,—A p ro te ctive t a r iff revived. T h ir ty thousand dollars appropriated fo r in te r n a l im provem ents. L a fa y e tte v is ite d th e U n ite d States. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . D e m o c ra tic -R e p u b lic a n . A d v o c a te d : ( 1817)— In te r n a l im provem ents; (1819)—th e purchase o f F lo rid a ; (1 8 2 0 )—th e M issouri com prom ise; (1 8 2 3 )—th e M onroe d o c trin e ; (1 8 2 4 )—a con s titu tio n a l am endm ent, ch a n g in g th e m e th o d o f elect 1824. in g th e President. Electoral Vote. Jackson. .. 99 A d a m s ___ 84 C ra w fo rd .. 41 C lay............ 37 T o ta l......... 261 1853. 1825. J. Q . A D A M S . H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . I 8 2 5 . - T h e P resident’ s policy, favor. in g in te rn a l im provem ents, cre a te d a stron g opposition to his a dm in istra tio n . 182 6.—Georgia opposed th e policy o f th e G overnm ent concerning th e rem oval o f th e Creeks. V a rious in te rn a l im provem ents undertaken. A n e x c itin g Congressional debate occurred, on th e question o f sending representatives to th e Panam a convention. A n e ffo rt made to amend th e C o n s titu tio n , by s u b s titu tin g d is tric t fo r ele c to ra l votes in th e choice o f th e P resident. 182 7.—Trade w ith B ritis h ports in th e W est Indies, p ro h ib ite d . T h e G a lla tin tre a ty o f in d e m n ity w ith G reat B rita in , ra tifie d . 1827-8—M any a d d itio n a l in te rn a l im provem ents und ertaken. 1 8 2 8 ,—A h ig h pro te ctive t a r iff act passed, a fte r a b itt e r sectional debate. Free M asonry became an im p o rta n t p o litic a l question. The P resident’ s policy o f m a k in g a p p o in tm e n ts to office w ith o u t regard to p o litic a l sentim ents, proved disastrous to h is personal interests. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . D e m o c ra tic -R e p u b lic a n . 1 8 2 5 -1 8 2 6 . — A d v o c a t e d : — The Panam a congress. T he lim itin g o f executive patronage. T he rem oval o f th e Creeks fro m Georgia. 1 8 2 8 .—A d v o c a t e d : —A m ediu m protective ta riff. In te rn a l im provem ents. N a tio n a l-R e p u b lic a n . I t is d iffic u lt to define th e early principles o f th is party. T h e le ad in g po lic y o f th e Clay-Adam s p a rty (later, th e N ational-R epublican ) seems to have been, th e advocacy o f th e Panama congress and o f a h ig h p ro te c tiv e ta riff, and opposition to th e forc ib le rem oval o f th e Creeks fro m Georgia. 1828. Popular Vote. D e m .. 647,231 N. R .. 509,097 T o t a l.l, 156,328 1857. P IE R C E . H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1853.—T h e a cqu isitio n o f Cuba a gi ta te d . 1 8 5 4 .—T h e Ostend m anifesto issued. T h e Kansas-Nebraska b ill passed, s e ttin g aside th e M issouri com promise. A tre a ty o f reci p ro c ity w ith England, and a com m ercial tre a ty w ith Japan, concluded. 1855.—T h e C o u rt o f Claim s established. 1856.—C iv il war in aug u ra te d in Kansas. Sum ner assaulted by Brooks. T h e B r itis h m in is te r a t W ash in g to n , and th e B r itis h consuls a t New Y o rk , P h ila d e lp h ia , and C incin n a ti, dismissed. 1857.—T h e t a r iff reduced. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . D e m o c ra tic . 1854.— A d v o c a t e d th e Kansas-Nebraska b ill. 1856. — A d v o c a t e d .-—N on-interference w ith slavery in th e te rrito rie s . T h e free navigation o f th e M ississippi. T h e M onroe doctrine. Free trad e. R e lig ious freedom . O p p o s e d P o litic a l secret societies. In te r n a l im provem ents. R e p u b lic a n . 1856.— A d v o c a t e d / —T h e absolute co n tro l o f th e te rrito rie s by Congress. In te r n a l im provem ents. T h e adm ission o f Kansas. A Pacific railroa d. O p p o s e d ; — Polygam y. T h e Ostend m anifesto. T he extension o f slavery to th e te rrito rie s . A m e ric a n , and S ilver G ra y. 1856.—A d v o c a t e d : —A change in th e n a tu ra liz a tio n laws. R e lig ious freedom . Reserved rig h ts o f states. O p p o s e d ; —Suffrage and office-holding by fore ign-born citizens. Geo graphical parties. U n io n betw een c h u rc h and state. Government Losses, by Administrations. BUCHANAN. H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1857.—T h e D re d S co tt case decided. B e g in n in g o f a fina n c ia l panic. T h e firs t A tla n tic cable la id. E x p e d itio n sent against th e M orm ons. 1 8 5 8 .—T h e Leco m pton c o n s titu tio n for Kansas tw ice rejected. T he E n g lis h com promise b ill passed. A tre a ty o f a m ity w ith C h ina concluded. 1859.—T h e W y a n d o t c o n s titu tio n fo r Kansas adopted. J o h n B row n’s ra id u n d e rta k e n . I 8 6 0 .—S o uth Caro lin a seceded. T h e P re s id e n t declared th e E xe cutive powerless to pre v e n t secession. M a jo r A nderson rem oved h is com m and to F o rt S u m ter. 1861.—S o u th e rn senators and officers resigned. T h e C ritte n d e n com prom ise defeated. Secession convention h e ld a t M ontgom ery, Alabam a. A peace congress convened a t W ashington. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . D e m o c ra tic . 1857.—A p p r o v e d th e D re d S c o tt decision. D o u g la s -D e m o c ra ts . I 8 6 0 . —A d v o c a t e d : —T h e P a cific railroad. A fu g itiv e slave law. T he a c q u is itio n o f Cuba. T h e f u ll p ro te c tio n o f citize ns a t hom e and abroad. T h e in te rp re ta tio n o f c o n s titu tio n a l law by th e Suprem e Court. B re c k ln rld g e -D e m o c ra ts . I 8 6 0 . —A d v o c a t e d : — The unre s tric te d adm ission o f states. T h e p ro te c tio n o f slavery in th e te rrito rie s . T h e P a cific railroa d. The acq u isitio n o f Cuba. A fu g itiv e slave law. T h e f u ll p ro te c tio n o f citizens. R e p u b lic a n . I 8 6 0 . —A d v o c a t e d : —T h e preservation o f th e U n ion. Freedom as th e n a tu ra l c o n d itio n o f te rrito ry . T h e e q u a lity o f a ll m en before th e law. A ta riff. A hom estead law. O p p o s e d : —T he A fric a n slave trad e. T h e r ig h t o f p ro p e rty in persons. A change in th e n a tu ra liz a tio n law. T he Leco m pton cons titu tio n . C o n s titu tio n a l-U n io n . I 8 6 0 . —A d v o c a t e d ; — The C o n s titu tio n . T h e U n io n . T h e preservation o f th e laws. ~S~ JE F FE R S O N . H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1801.—In a u g u ra tio n a t W ashington, M arch 4. T im b e r in th e dock-yards sold, and naval ship-b u ild in g stopped. T h e P resident c ritic iz e d fo r p o litic a l removals. W ar against T rip o li (peace declared in 1805). 1 8 0 2 .—A u n ifo rm system o f na tu ra liza tio n established. Spanish In te n d a n t declared th a t th e r ig h t o f deposit a t New Orleans, no lo nger existed. 1 8 0 3 .—Louisiana purchased fro m France (consideration, $15,000,000). E x tra o rd in a ry powers conferred on th e P resi d e n t fo r m a in ta in in g th e fre e navigation o f th e Missis sippi. 1 8 0 4 .—T h e tw e lfth am endm ent o f th e c o n stitu tio n ra tifie d , pro vid in g fo r separate ballots fo r President and V ice-P reside nt. T h e Lew is and C larke expe dition D em .-R ep. 162 started. 1 8 0 5 .—T h e ca rryin g trade received a great im F ed era l. .. 14 T o ta l......... 176 petus, b u t o u r sailors were obliged, ow ing to th e weak ness o f th e navy, to su b m it to gross in d ig n itie s and in sults 1829. F E D E R A L I S T 1861. JO H N SO N ’S ACCESSION. H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . son. T he c iv il w ar term in ate d. ( A p r ilis , 1865.) 1865.—T h e E xe cutive denounced tre a C o n d itio n a l am nesty proclaim ed. T h e f e d Q 1837. revenue am ong th e states ($28,000,000 d is trib u te d ). T h e firs t Comm is sioner o f P a tents appointed. T h e specie c irc u la r issued. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . D e m o c ra tic . 1 8 2 9 .— O p p o s e d ; —A U n ite d S tates Bank. In d ia n sovereignty. I 8 3 0 - ’3 I . —A d v o c a t e d in te rn a l im provem ents. 1 8 3 2 .— Opposed n u llific a tio n . 1 83 3.—A d v o c a t e d .-—S tate banks. T he rem oval o f th e deposits. 1 8 3 4 .—A d v o c a t e d a gold and silve r currency. 1835.— A d v o c a t e d th e rem oval o f th e Cherokees. 183 6 . — A d v o c a t e d th e sale of p u b lic lands fo r specie only. Lo co fo co . 1835.— O pposed:—Paper money. Monopolies. As sum ed powers. N a tio n a l-R e p u b lic a n . 1831.— A d v o c a t e d . —In te r n a l im prove m ents. P ro te ctio n . A U n ite d S tates Bank. 1832.— A d v o c a t e d th e divisio n o f th e proceeds o f la n d sales. O p p o s e d th e spoils system. W h ig . 1 8 3 4 .—A d v o c a t e d : —T h e freedom o f re lig io n , speech and press. T h e non-extension o f slavery. U n ive rsa l education and suffrage. T h e divisio n o f th e proceeds o f land sales. A U n ite d S tates Bank. In te r n a l im provem ents. A p ro te ctive ta riff. O p p o s e d .-—R ebellion. T h e paym ent o f gove rnm ent dues in specie. 1836.— A d v o c a t e d : —T h e r ig h t o f p e titio n . Perm ission to circu- rla te anti-slavery docum ents. 1836. T h e p rin cip le s o f th e A n tl-M a s o n iC p a rty (1827Popular Vote. 1834) and o f th e N u llifica tio n p a rty (1831), are D e m .. 761,549 su fficie n tly in d ic a te d by t h e ir names. W h ig . 736.656 ' v' '"1205 e VAN r a l I iala. th ir te e n th c o n s titu tio n a l am endm ent, abo lish ing slavery, ra tifie d . 1866. —T he P resident denounced by his pa rty and supported by th e opposition. T he fo u rte e n th am endm ent, co nferring c iv il rig h ts upon freedm en, passed. A b ill to enlarge th e powers o f th e F reedm an’s Bureau, vetoed. A b ill d e fin in g th e c iv il r ig h ts o f freedm en, passed. T he second A tla n tic cable la id. 1867.— T h e powers o f th e E xe cutive lim ite d by congress. A reconstru ction b ill passed over th e P resident’s veto. A b ill conferring suffrage upon negroes in th e te rrito rie s , passed. A laska purchased (consideration, $7,200,000). 1868.— P o litic a l am nesty proclaim ed. T he fo u rte e n th am e n d m e n t ra tifie d . T h e S ecretary o f W a r (S tanton) re m oved. T h e P resident im peached, trie d , and a cq u itte d . 1869.— T he fifte e n th am endm ent, g ra n tin g universal suffrage, passed. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . R e p u b lic a n . 1861.— A d v o c a t e d : —T he suppression o f th e rebel lio n . T h e issue o f greenbacks. A n in te rn a l revenue. A n a tio n a l b a n k in g system. T h e issue o f U n ite d S tates bonds and treasury notes. 1863.— A d v o c a t e d th e em ancipation o f slaves. 1864.—A d v o c a t e d : —A c o n s titu tio n a l am endm ent, te rm in a tin g and p ro h ib itin g slavery. T he paym ent o f th e n a tio n a l debt. T he em plo ym en t o f em ancipated slaves as soldiers. F oreign im m ig ra tio n . O p p o s e d th e p la n tin g o f European power in M exico. 1868.—A d v o c a t e d : —The im p ro ve m e n t o f th e n a tio nal cre d it. T h e red u ctio n o f in te re s t on bonds. T he red u ctio n and e qu ali za tio n o f taxation. D e m o c ra tic . 1864.— A d v o c a t e d a convention o f th e states to con clude a peace. O p p o s e d th e m ilita r y supervision o f elections. 1868.— A d v o c a t e d : —U niversal am nesty. S tate con tro l o f elections. T h e taxa tio n o f bonds. T he re duction o f th e array. O p p o s e d a Freedm an’s Bureau. F E DE RA L s t 1841. BUREN. H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1837.—A g reat fin a n cia l panic. T he P resident refused to rescind th e specie circu la r. A n e x tra session o f Congress called by th e P resident, to convene in Septem ber, in response to th e u rg e n t p e titio n o f citizens, p ra yin g fo r general fin a n cia l re lie f. T h e sub-treasury b i ll defeated in e x tra session, and in th e n e x t reg u la r session (1838). 1 83 8.—Congress refused to rescind th e specie circular. N e u tra lity enjoined d u rin g th e Canadian R e bellion . Con gress agreed to ta b le a ll p e titio n s and papers r e la tin g to slavery. 1839. —T he P resident m ade a to u r o f th e p rin c ip a l c itie s and villag es o f New Y o rk. A n e x c itin g debate to o k place in Congress on th e question o f a d m ittin g five W h ig representatives fro m New Jersey. 1 8 4 0 .—T he sub-treasury b ill passed. 1840. Popular Vote. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . W h ig 1,275,017 D e m o c ra tic . 1837.—A d v o c a t e d a sub-treasury. D e m ..1,128,702 1 8 4 0 . — A d v o c a t e d ; — S ta te rig h ts . F ree tra d e . A A b o l.. 7,059 revenue equal to necessary expe nditures only. O p Total.2,410,778 p o s e d : —D o u b tfu l c o n s titu tio n a l powers. T h e a g ita tio n o f th e slavery question. T h e assum ption o f state debts by th e G overnm ent. In te rn a l im provem ents. A U n ite d States bank. R e stricte d na tu ra liz a tio n laws. W h ig . 1837.—A d v o c a t e d designation o f sta te banks fo r G overnm ent deposits. A b o litio n . 1839. — A d v o c a t e d th e im m e d ia te a b o litio n o f slavery. 1869. L IN C O L N . H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1861— T h e E xe cu tive denied th e power o f a state to secede, and opposed in te rfe re n ce w ith th e dom estic a ffa irs o f th e S outh. F eb rua ry 4.—T h e Confederate S tates o f A m e ric a organized. A p r il 12.—T he firs t gun fire d a t F o rt S u m ter, in a u g u ra tin g th e c iv il war. A p r il 15.—75,000 th re e m o n th s’ m ilit ia called. A p r il 19.—A procla m atio n fo r th e blockading o f S o u th e rn ports, issued. M ay 3, J u ly 22 and 25. —500,000 m en called (700,680 responded, p rin c ip a lly th re e years’ m en). 1862.— M ay 15.—T he D e p a rtm e n t o f A g ric u ltu re organized. J u ly 2.— 300,000 th re e years’ m en called. In te r n a l revenue b ill passed. Polygam y forbidden. T h e U n io n P a cific R a ilro a d chartere d. J u ly 17.—T h e e n lis t m e n t o f negro soldiers authorize d. A u g u s t 4.—300,000 nine m o n th s’ m ilitia called. S e ptem ber 22.— A co n d itio n a l em ancipation proclam ation issued. I863i—J a n u a ry 1.—T he em ancipation procla m atio n issued. F eb rua ry 25.—A B ureau o f C urrency established. T h e n a tio n a l bank in g system established. Ju n e 15.—T h e P resident asked fo r six m o n th s ’ m ilitia (about 13,000 responded). Ju n e 19.—W e s t V irg in ia a d m itte d as a state. J u ly 13.—T h e d ra ft r io t in N ew Y o rk C ity began. S e ptem ber 15.— T h e w r it of habeas corpus suspended. O ctober 17, 1863, and F eb ru a ry 1, 1864.-500,000 th re e years’ m en called. D ecem ber 8.—A n am nesty procla m a tio n issued. D ecem ber 9. — A plan o f re constru ction announced. 1864. —M arch 14.-200,000 th re e years’ m en called. A p r il 23 to J u ly 18.— One h un dre d days’ m ilitia called (about 83,000 responded). Ju n e 28.—T he fu g itiv e slave law repealed. J u ly 18.—500,000 one, two, and th re e years’ m en called. D ecem ber 19.-300,000 one, two, and th re e years’ m en called. 1865,—A p ril 14.—T h e P resident assassinated. (D ied, A p ril 15.) 1817. M A D IS O N . H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1 8 0 9 .—A non-intercourse a c t passed. 1810. —Proposal to repeal th e non-intercourse a ct (accepted by France, b u t n o t by E n glan d.) 1812.—T h ird em bargo la id, fo r 90 days. W a r w ith England. R io t in B a ltim o re . The G eneral Lan d Office established. 1813. —T h e e n tire coast blockaded b y th e B ritis h . The war opposed by New England. W a r w ith th e Creeks. 1814. —O pposition to th e G eneral G overnm ent developed in Electoral Vote. New England. 18 15 .—A tre a ty o f peace w ith E n glan d r a ti D em .-R ep. 128 fie d a t G hent. T h e paym ent o f bou n ty to A lgie rs discon F e d e ra l.. . 89 tinue d. 1816.—T h e second U n ite d S tates B a nk chartere d V a c a n t— 1 fo r 20 years. (C apita l $35,000,000.) A p ro te ctive ta riff T o ta l_____ 218 adopted. A b ill fo r in te rn a l im provem ents v e toed. —A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . D e m o c ra tic -R e p u b lic a n . 1 8 0 9 .—A d v o c a t e d a non-intercourse act. 1811 .— O p p o s e d th e establishm ent o f a U n ite d S tates Bank. 1812.—A d v o c a t e d war w ith England. 1816.—A d v o c a t e d a U n ite d S tates Ba-nk. C lin to n la n s . 1812 — A d v o c a t e d : — A. conquest o f Canada. W ar w ith E n glan d. O p p o s e d ; —Lon g term s o f office. Caucus nom inations. A V irg in ia presid ent. A n o fficia l regency. 1 8 1 (3 . F e d e ra lis t. 1811.— A d v o c a t e d a U n ite d States Electoral Vote. Bank. 1812.— O p p o s e d war w ith England. 1816. — O p Dem .-Rep. 183 p o s e d : —A U n ite d S tates bank. A p rotective t a r iff . [H a r t F ed era l. .. 34 fo rd C o n v e n tio n . 1815.— A d v o c a t e d defence o f state te r V a c a n t 4 rito ry a t th e expense of th e general governm en t. R e c o in - T o ta l......... 221 n tw n r te d seven c o n s titu tio n a l am endm ents, affe ctin g re presentation, taxation, adm ission o f states, commerce, declaration of war, c iv il offices and p re sid e n tia l term s.] T 1845. H A R R IS O N . [P re sid e n t H a rriso n died one m o n th a fte r h is in a u g u ra tio n .] T Y L E R ’S ACCESSION. ( A p r il4 , i84i.) H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . I 8 4 l. - T h e sub-treasury b ill repealed. U u ite d S tates B a nk b ill tw ice vetoed. T he ca b in e t resigned, excep ting W ebster. T h e P resident denounced b y h is party. Im p ris o n m e n t fo r deb t abolished. A gen e ra l b a n k ru p t law passed. T he proceeds o f la n d sales d is trib u te d am ong th e states. 1 8 4 2 .—Custom s d u tie s increased. The A sh burton-W ebster boundary tre a ty ra tifie d . 1 84 3.— 1844. Congress app ro p ria te d $30,000 towards th e Morse Popular Vote. telegraph. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . D e m .. 1,337,243 W h ig 1,299,068 W h ig . 1 8 4 0 .— Opposed th e Sem inole W a r. 1841. L ib ... 62,300 — A d v o c a te d a lim ite d veto power. 1 8 4 4 .— A d v o c a t e d a T o ta l .2,698,611 w e ll regulate d currency. O p p o s e d th e ann exation o f T exas. D e m o c ra tic . 1844.- ji&LL0 nltnl ■fjmm UgHls. T h e estab lis h m e n t© * th e G re fo n ljo u n d a ry a t “ fifty -fo u r fo rty or fig h t.” T h e "^annexation o f Texas. O p p o s e d The lim ita tio n o f th e veto power. A divisio n o f th e proceeds o f la n d sales. L ib e rty. 1843.— A d v o c a t e d : — T h e im m e d ia te a b o litio n o f slavery. E q ual rig h ts . H u m a n b ro th e rh o o d . O p p o s e d th e fu g itiv e slave clause o f th e C o n stitu tio n . N a tlv e -A m e rlc a n . 1844.— O p p o s e d : — F o re ig n la bor. GRANT. H IS TO R IC A L SYNOPSIS. R e constructio n prosecuted. Im p o rt a n t questions o f finance discussed. 1869 (to 1873).—T h e t a r iff reduced. 1870.— In te r n a l revenue g re a tly reduced. T h e fifte e n th am endm ent ra tifie d . T h e Santo D o m ingo question discussed. 1871.—A p p o in tm e n t to th e c iv il service by com p e titive e xa m in a tio n in tro d u ce d . The A labam a claim s s u b m itte d to in te rn a tio n a l a rb itra tio n . T h e enforce m e n t a c t passed. 1872.— A general am nesty b ill passed. T h e Geneva aw ard m ade ($15,000,000). T h e San Ju a n question s e ttle d b y a rb itra tio n . T h e C re d it M o b ilie r exposed. 1873.— T he “ salary grab a c t ” passed. T h e fra n k in g p rivilege repealed. F e d era l officials fo rb id d e n to hold sta te offices. T h e V irg in iu s captured. S ilve r dem onetized. A great fina n cia l pan ic. 1874.— T h e currency b i ll vetoed. 1875.— A c iv il rig h ts b ill passed. A n a c t fo r th e resu m p tio n o f specie paym ent passed (to ta ke effect J a n u a ry 1, 1879). 1876.— A tre a ty o f e x tra d itio n w ith Spain, concluded. T h e Secretary o f W a r (B elknap) im peached, trie d , and a cq u itte d . T h e s ilv e r b ill passed. 1877.—T h e E le cto ra l Commission created. R e p u b lica n . ATTITU D E OF PARTIES. 1871.— A d v o c a t e d an e nforcem ent act. 1872.— A d v o c a t e d : —T he ann exation o f Santo D om ingo. A c iv il service reform . Im m ig ra tio n . T h e enforcem ent o f th e c o n s titu tio n a l am endm ents. F ree p u b lic lands fo r actual settlers. T h e resum ption o f specie paym ent. T h e encouragem ent of ship-b u ild in g . T he a b o litio n o f th e fra n k in g p rivile g e . 1875.— A d v o c a t e d th e resum ption o f specie paym ent. 1876. —A d v o c a t e d ; —T h e paym ent o f bonds in specie. T h e sovereign con t r o l o f th e te rrito rie s by Congress. O pposed: — T h e use o f th e p u b lic funds fo r sectarian schools. F u r th e r g ra n ts o f p u b lic la nds to corporations and monopolies. —U niversal am nesty. Free p u b lic lands fo r a ctu a l settlers. A c iv il service reform . A single te rm fo r th e Executive. T h e resum ption o f specie paym ent. A ta r iff by congressional action, “ w h o lly fre e fro m E xe cutive in terfere nce o r d ic ta tio n .” O p p o s e d re p u d ia tio n . D e m o c ra tic . 1876.— A d v o c a t e d : — Im m e d ia te re fo rm o f th e F ed era l G overnm ent. A ta r iff fo r revenue only. Care and p ro te ctio n fo r “ th e soldiers and sailors o f th e R e public.” D e n o u n c e d / —Federal ta xa tio n . T h e re sum ption clause o f 1875. T h e ta riff. L a n d grants to Popular Vote. railroads. T h e issue re gardin g th e use o f p u b lic funds Dens.'^4,284,885 . ip. .4,033,950 fo r sectarian schools. P a rty patronage. O pposed G r,... 81,740 Chinese im m ig ra tio n . P ro b .. 9,522 T e m p e ra n c e . 1872.— A d v o c a te d : — L e g a l S c a t.. 2,636 h ib itio n . Salaries, n o t fees. Low postage. I#tfm igraT o ta l-8,412,733 tio n . Fem ale suffrage. A d ire c t vote fa jra'President. A currency conve rtible in to coin. ^ S t f b e r m en fo r office-holders. P ro h ib itio n . 1876.— A d v o c p t m : — P ro h ib itio n . T h e reduc tio n o f tele g ra p h ic, ra ilro a d ,. and postal rates. U n iversal suffrage. Sabbath laws. Free p u b lic la nds fo r actual settlers. Compulsory education. A direct,yiS te fo r President. In te rn a tio n a l a rb itra tio n . La b o r-R e fo ym . 1872.— A d v o c a t e d : — A single te rm fo r th e E xe cutive. E q u ita b le railroa d and tele g ra p h rates. A currency based on property. A general am nesty. New p a te n t laws. Free p u b lic lands.^^^Pne ta x a tio n o f bonds. T he subjection o f m ilita ry to c iv il O p p o s e d prison labor. G re e n b a c k . (N ation al.) (In d e p e n d e n t.) 1876.— A d v o c a t e d : — C onvertible U n ite d S tates notes. A fra c tio n a l currency. O p- 1870^ PO LK. N 18^9- H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . I 8 7 7 . - A policy o f c o n c ilia tio n adopted. F ed era l troops recalled fro m th i p. .4,449,053 S outh. T h e Nez Perces w ar in au g u ra te d . Dem . 4,442,035 G r.._. 307,306 $1,030,628,200 o f th e n a tio n a l debj^re-issued a t low er Scat.. 12,576 rates o f in te re s t. 187 8.—T h e s ilv e r b ill passed. T h e T o ta l. 9,210,970 H a lifa x fishery m ade ($5,500,000). A p p ro p ria tio n b ill riT* on account o f “ p o litic a l rid e rs .” 1879.—Specie n e n t resum ed. C o m p e titive exam in a tio n in tro d u ce d in th e civilse rvice . A p p ro p ria tio n b ills vetoed because o f “ p o litic a l rid e rs .” A b ill m o d ify in g th e supervision o f elections, vetoed. T h e negro exodus began. A TTITU D E OF PARTIES. 1880.— A d v o c a t e d : — T h e a u th o rity of Con gress to define sta te and fe d e ra l powers. T h e con tro l o f Chinese im m ig ra tio n . G overnm e nt a id to pop u la r education. D e m o c ra tic . 1880.— A d v o c a t e d : — A paper currency con v e rtib le in to coin. A lim it to Chinese im m ig ra tio n . C iv il service refo rm . F ree p u b lic lands fo r a c tu a l s e t^e ’ A t a r iff fo r revenue O p p o s e d : — C e n tra liza tio n . M o n o i only. gove rnm ent troops o r officials a t th e polls. A n G re e n b a c k . 1880.— A d v o c a t e d : — 1The paymv le gal te n d e r currency. A bureau o f la b o r statistics. ^ incom e tax. A n e ig h t-h o u r la bor system. T h e u n lim ite d _ o f gold and silver. Free p u b lic la nds fo r actu a l settlers. G o v ti m e n t co n tro l o f th e currency. O p p o s e d : —Chinese im m ig ra tio n . C o nvict labor. M onopolies. Increase o f th e standing arm y. P ro h ib itio n . 1880 — A d v o c a t e d congressional co n tro l o f tHe liq u o r tra ffic , and o p p o s e d its legalization. (Based on a Special R ep o rt o f th e T re a s u re r.) Administration W a sh in g to n .. A d am s........... Je ffe rso n ___ M adiso n........ M onroe......... .......... Adams, J . Q............ Jackson............... V a n B u re n ............... H a rrison and T y le r. P o lk ........................... T a ylo r and F illm o re P ierce........ B u chanan.. L in c o ln . Johnson.. G ra n t_________ Hayes (2 years).. N o t e . — Originally the members o f the Democratic-Republican party were known both a* Republicans a n d a t Dem ocrats: at a subsequent period chiejty as Republican*. ana latterly almost wholly as Democrat*. _ TAYLO R . H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 18 5 0 . —T h e om nibus b ill, covering ques tions re la tin g to th e M exican cession, discussed. [P re sid e n t T a ylo r died J u ly 9, i860.] F IL LM O R E ’S ACCESSION. (J u ly 10, isso.) 185 2. Popular Vote, H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1 8 5 0 ,- T a y lo r ’s policy and his own p a rty p la tfo rm , opposed by th e President. D e m .. 1,601,474 W h ig 1,386,578 A tre a ty w ith E ngland in re la tio n to th e Panam a tran sit, F . S ... 156,149 by ship-canal, ra tifie d . Comprom ise measures passed, Total-3,144,201 p ro vid in g c iv il governm ents fo r th e M e xican cession, fix in g th e Texan boundary, a d m ittin g C a lifo rnjn nnifl fn ll l l l l l i i i f fh n capture o f f u g itive slauaifc— lO f ll. 1 -xfle corner stone o f th e C a p ito l aan flllib u s te rin g a tte m p te d . 1 8 5 2 .—E x p e d itio n sent to Japan. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . W h ig . 1 8 5 2 .—A d v o c a t e d th e com prom ise measures o f 1850. D e m o c ra tic . 1 8 5 2 .—A d v o c a t e d The com promise measures o f 1850. T h e K e n tu c k y and V irg in ia n u llific a tio n resolutions. 1 8 5 2 .— O p p o s e d .’—T h e com promise meas- F re e -S o il. 1881. HAYES. R e p u b lic a n . A FEDERALIST H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . I 8 4 5 - - A u n ifo rm date fixed fo r h o ld in g P residential elections. Congress rescinded th e ru le fo r ta b lin g p e ti tio n s re la tin g to slavery. 1 8 4 6 .—W a r w ith M exico declared. The sub-treasury b ill re-enacted. T h e W ilin o t proviso in troduce d. T h e ta riff o f 1842 repealed and a t a r iff fo r revenue only, adopted. T h e Oregon boundary fixed. A n in te rn a l im pro ve m e n t b ill vetoed. 184 7.—In te r n a l im pro ve m e n t conventions h e ld a t M em p his and Chicago. A second in te rn a l im provem ent 1848. b ill vetoed. 1 8 4 8 .—T h e G uadaloupe-H idalgo tre a ty Popular Vote. o f peace w ith M exico, ra tifie d . 1 8 4 9 .—A postal tre a ty W h ig 1,360,101 w ith E n glan d, concluded. T h e D e p a rtm e n t o f th e D e m .. 1,220,544 F .S ... 291,263 In te r io r organized. T o ta l 2,871,908 A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . D e m o c ra tic . 1846. — A d v o c a t e d : — W a r w ith M exico. The W ilm o t proviso. 1848*—R easserted th e principle s o f th e p la tfo rm o f 1840. A d v o c a t e d a revenue equal only to necessary expe nditures. O p p o s e d th e d is trib u tio n o f th e proceeds o f la nd sales. W h ig . (Advanced no d e fin ite policy.) L ib e rty -L e a g u e . 1 8 4 5 .—“ D u ty is ours—results are G od’s. F re e -S o il. 1 8 4 8 . — A d v o c a t e d : — “ Free soil, free 1877. D e m o c ra tic and L lb e ra l* R e p u b llc a n . 1872.— A d v o c a t e d : C era l i s t ^ rs r-1 MONROE. H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1817.—A s p irit o f m u tu a l co n c ilia tio n prevailed, p o in tin g to th e “ E ra of good fe e lin g .” T h e P re sid e n t visite d th e p rin c ip a l c itie s and towns o f th e eastern and n o rth e rn states, to in spect fo rtific a tio n s , garrisons, arsenals and naval de pots. In te rn a l revenue abolished. T h e construction of 1820. th e E rie Canal begun. T h e S em inole W a r inaugu Electoral Vote. rated. 1818.—T h e officers and soldiers o f th e R evolu D em .-R ep. 231 tio n a ry W a r pensioned. T h e present na tio n a l flag O pposition * adopted. A tre a ty re la tin g to th e n o rth e rn boundary and V a c a n t___ _ to fisheries, concluded w ith G reat B rita in . T h e Spanish T o ta l......... 235 posts o f S t. M a rks and Pensacola seized by G overnm ent troops un d e r G eneral Jackson. T he firs t Sem inole W ar concluded. 1819.—T h e A rkansas b ill passed. T h e firs t steam er (th e “ Savannah ” ) crossed th e ocean fro m N ew Y o rk to Liverp ool. T h e P resident made U JA C K S O N . H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . T h e slavery que stion was p ro m in e n t th ro u g h o u t th e a d m in is tra tio n . 1829.—H u ndreds o f fe d e ra l officers rem oved’to m ake room fo r p o litic a l favorites. C om m ercial tre a tie s w ith B ra z il and Russia, ra tifie d . 1830.— T h e n u llific a tio n debate between H ayne and W ebster, occurred. In te r n a l im provem ents became an issue between Congress and th e P resident. T h e p o rts o f th e U n ite d States were opened to B r itis h colonies. 1831.— T h e C a bine t resigned. A b ill passed g re a tly lim itin g th e powers o f th e U n ite d S tates courts. In s u r re ctio n o f slaves in V irg in ia , le d b y N a t T u rn e r. T h e p u b lic a tio n o f “ T h e L ib e ra to r” begun. R a ilw ay co n stru ctio n earnestly prosecuted. A tre a ty w ith T u rk e y ra tifie d (freedom o f th e B la ck Sea). T reaties o f boundary and com merce w ith M exico, ra tifie d . T he Senate refused to concur in th e a p p o in tm e n t o f V a n B u re n as m in is te r to E n glan d, th u s com pellin g h im to re tu rn hom e. 1832.— T h e S o u th C a rolina n u llific a tio n convention held. A procla m atio n against n u llifie rs issued b y th e P resident. T h e B lack H a w k w ar in augurated. A tre a ty o f com merce w ith Russia, concluded. T h e re -ch a rte r o f th e U n ite d S tates B a nk vetoed. T h e t a r iff readjusted. 1833.—T h e force act passed. Clay’s t a r if f b ill passed (gradual re d u c tio n u n t il 1842). G overnm e nt de posits in th e U n ite d S tates Bank, discontinued . 1834.— T h e P resident censured by th e Senate. France and o th e r fo re ig n powers req u ire d to se ttle old claim s. 1835.—T h e N a tio n a l D e b t e x tin guished. T h e second war w ith th e Sem inoles inaugu1832. rate d. 1836.— A b i ll passed d iv id in g th e surplus Popular Vote. D e m .. 687,502 N. R._ 530,189 A .M .. 33,108 Total-1,250,799 1809. fro m com m andants o f blockading squadrons in fo re ig n ports. A m e rica n seamen im pressed by G re a t B rita in . 1 8 0 6 .—T h e im p o rta tio n o f specific articles o f B ritis h g ro w th or m anufactu re, p ro h ib ite d . T h e question o f n e u tra l r ig h ts w ith E n glan d and France, discussed. A n in te rn a l im prove m e n t b ill passed. 1 8 0 7 .—T h e slave trad e p ro h ib ite d a fte r Jan u a ry 1, 1808. A coast survey authorize d. A second em bargo la id (repealed except as to France and G re a t B r ita in in 1808. 1809). B u rr trie d fo r conspiracy and a c q u itte d . T he Electoral Vote. Chesapeake searched by E n glish naval officers. Dem .-Rep. 122 A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . F ed era l. . . 47 D e m o c ra tic -R e p u b lic a n . 1 8 0 7 . — A d v o c a t e d C lin to n 6 an em bargo act. V a c a n t— 1 T o ta l......... 176 Fe d e ra lis t! 1803. — O p p o s e d th e purchase of Louisiana. 1 8 0 7 ,— O p p o s e d an em bargo act. M T DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN ANTI-FEDERAL 1801. ADAMS. H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1797.—In a u g u ra tio n a t P h ila d e lp h ia , M arch 4. 1798.—A sta n d in g arm y organized. T h e Navy D e p a rtm e n t created. Commerce harassed by th e French and E n glish. A lie n , strong natura liza tio n , and sed itio n laws, passed. N u llific a tio n resolutions passed by K e n tu cky. 17 9 9 .—T h e V irg in ia resolu tions passed. T h e R obbins ex tra d itio n case trie d . 1 8 0 0 .—A general b a n k ru p t law passed. T h e ca b in e t dismissed. 18 0 1,—T h e P resident elected by th e House a fte r 36 ballots. A T T IT U D E O F P A R T IE S . Fe d e ra lis t. 1798.—A d v o c a t e d : —A lie n and sedition 1800. laws. A stron g n a tu ra liz a tio n law. W a r w ith France. Electoral Vote. D e m .-R e p . 1798.— A d v o c a t e d n u llific a tio n . O p p o s e d Dem .-R ep. 146 increase o f th e arm y and navy. 18 0 0 .— A d v o c a t e d .-—State F ed era l ...129 rig h ts . Freedom o f re lig io n , speech, and press. L ib e ra l H a y _____ 1 T o ta l........ 276 natura liza tio n . E n la rg e d suffrage. F ree trad e. G A R F IE L D . ’'H IS T O R IC A L SYNOPSIS. rS S r.-T H e’ S ta f Rdute iiivekCTg-atl?ffir begun. M a tu rin g bonds extended a t a low er ra te (3i per ce n t.—“ W in doms ” ). A pro tra cte d controversy occurred between th e P resident and Senators, concerning F ederal app ointm ents. T h e P re sid e n t was shot J u ly 2,1881. (D ied, S e ptem ber 19.) A R T H U R ’S ACCESSION. (Sept. 20, 1881). 1882.— G uiteau trie d fo r th e assassination o f P re sid e n t G arfield, convicted, and h u n g J u n e 30. T h e M orm on question revived. Chinese im m ig ra tio n discussed. A n im p o rta n t riv e r and h a rb o r b ill passed, over th e P resident’ s veto. 1883.— A com prehensive c iv il service b i ll passed. T he T a riff reduced. T h e S ta r R oute d efenda nts a cq u itte d . A general s trik e o f te le g ra p h operators occurred. L e tte r postage reduced to tw o cents. S tanda rd tim e (Eastern, C e ntral, M o u n ta in , P a cific) adopted. 1884.—T a riff revision and fo rfe itu re o f la n d grants discussed. T h e P resident vetoed th e b ill re in s ta tin g G eneral P o rte r. ATTITU D E OF PARTIES. R e p u b lic a n . 1884.—A d v o c a t e d : — A p ro te ctive ta riff. R e d u ctio n o f surplus revenue. A n a tio n a l bureau o f labor. E q u a liz a tio n o f pen sions. A p p ro p ria tio n s fo r e du cational purposes. A n increase o f th e Navy. L e g is la tio n to encourage A m e ric a n sh ip p in g . F o rc ib le suppres sion o f polygam y. D e m o c ra tic . 1884.—A d v o c a t e d : —A re d u c tio n o f ta x a tio n . A t a r iff fo r revenue and lim ite d pro te ctio n . F ix e d salaries fo r fe d e ra l offi cers. Free education. T he repeal o f laws re s tric tin g labor. T h e in cor poration o f la bor organizations. A n A m e rica n policy. O p p o s e d sum p tuary laws. N a tio n a l G re e n b a c k . 1884.— A p p r o v e d th e le g a l te n d e r de cision o f th e Suprem e C ourt. A d v o c a t e d : — T h e s u b s titu tio n o f green backs fo r n a tio n a l b an k notes. T h e p ro m p t p aym ent o f th e p u b lic debt. A t a r iff on lu xu rie s only. A g radua ted incom e ta x. A G overnm ent postal teleg rap h. Suffrage w ith o u t regard to sex. T h e P re c e d in g P a rtie s . 1884.— A d v o c a t e d : — C iv il service re fo rm . Congressional co n tro l o f in te r-sta te com m erce. F o rfe itu re o f unearned la n d grants. M ore in tim a te re la tio n s w ith A m e rica n repub lics. O p p o s e d : — Chinese im m ig ra tio n . T h e acq u isitio n o f la n d by m o nopolies or non-resident aliens. T h e im p o rta tio n o f co n tra c t labor. P ro h ib itio n . 1884 .—A d v o c a t e d : —P ro h ib itio n o f th e im p o rta tio n , m anufactu re, supply and sale o f alcoholic beverages. A t a r iff fo r revenue and pro te ctio n . C iv il service re fo rm . A gove rnm ent le g a l te n d e r cur rency only. U n re s tric te d im m ig ra tio n . O p p o s e d th e g ra n tin g o f lands to corporations, and also large hold in g s fo r speculation. N JE X JP L A N A T O i l Y . T h is C h a rt is designed to present, a t a glance, a b ird ’seye view o f th e p o litic a l h is to ry o f th e coun try, b e g in n in g w ith colonia l tim es. C o lo rs .— T h e color-belt, in th re e sections, Bhows by its va ryin g w id th , th e re la tive size, and increase o r decrease, o f th e to ta l P re sid e n tia l vote. Each o f th e le a d in g p o litic a l pa rtie s is represented by a d is tin g u is h in g color, and th is color occupies th e e n tire w id th o f tn e b e lt fo r th e period d u r in g w h ic h th e p a rty was in power. T h is d is tin c tio n of colors is observed th ro u g h o u t th e P lates o f th e P o litic a l Group. E le c tio n s .— The narrow p e rpen dicular bars o f color compare th e re la tive p a rty vote a t each election, th e la rgest vote being represented by th e upp erm ost section, and th e others by th e divisions below, in o rd e r o f size, unless th e vote o f a p a rty was to o sm all to be cle arly shown on th is scale. P a rtie s.— W h e n n o t in power, pa rtie s are shown on th e color b e lt by black lines and names only. T h e dire ctio n , blending, o r separation of these lines, serve to in d ica te pa rty affiliations, accessions, or disrup tions. A fa c tio n b re a kin g fro m a pa rty d u rin g its suprem acy, is shown by converging lin e s; and a fa ctio n u n itin g w ith th e p a rty in power, by d i vergin g lines, te rm in a tin g in th e color t h a t represents th e party. . P o litic a l P e rio d s .— The sm all c h a rt a t th e low er rig h t-h a n d corner o f th is fo lio , shows, in a general way, the pre d o m in a n t subjects th a t have occupied th e a tte n tio n o f th e General G overnm ent, and also, by colors and dates, th e pa rtie s in power, d u rin g th e d iffe re n t periods. T H E C O L O N IA L PERIOD. H IS T O R IC A L S Y N O P S IS . 1636.—In d ire c t ta x a tio n opposed. 1651. N a vigatio n laws evaded. 167 2.—In te rc o lo n ia l du tie s evaded. 1 7 5 4 .— T he c o n s titu tio n d ra fte d by com m issioners fo r th e A m e rica n colonies, dis cussed. [T he Crown to a p p o in t th e governors, o rig in a te bills , a n d re ta in an absolute veto power, b u t th e colonies to le g is la te .] Rejected. 1765.—D ire c t 1776 ta x a tio n opposed. The stam p act resisted. 17 7 4 .—A declaration o f rig h ts i&sued. 1775.—T h e R e vo lu tio n a ry W a r in augurated. 1776.—Independence declared. A rtic le s o f confederation proje cted . (Drawn, 1777. A d opte d, 1781.) 1787. — The c o n s titu tio n fram ed. T h e N o rth w e s t T e rrito ry form ed. 178 8.—T h e c o n s titu tio n ra tifie d . '7 8 9 . - M a r c h .* .— 'T he G eneral G overnm ent organized. T he re was, th ro u g h o u t th e colonial period, a com mon and grow ing s e n tim e n t aga inst in te rfe re n ce , by th e Crown, w ith m anufactures and o th e r lo ca l in terests. A TTITUDE OF PARTIES. W h ig . 1783 w H T O RY 1781.—Advocated a confederation. I n la te ry e a rs th e “ S trong G overnm e nt M en,” favored a c o n s titu tio n , and th e “ P a rticu la rists,” state sovereignty. T o r y . A d v o c a t e d th e claim s o f th e E n glish Crown. Fe d e ra lis t. A d v o c a t e d a c o n stitu tio n . A n ti-F e d e ra lis t. A d v o c a t e d a confederation. P O LIT IC A L PERIODS. 1789 1816 F IR ST PERIOD. F E DE R AL I S T ’ r EDERALI ST SECO PERIOD. isin 1872 1844 18^5 I8&-9 I8j53 •£? TH IRD PERIOD. (27 Y E A R S .) (28 Y E A R S .) (28 Y E A R S .) FOREI GN RE L A T I ONS . F I N A N C E AND I N D U S T R Y . SLAVERY, CVIL WAR, AND RECONSTRUCTION, 1788 1787 ___________ COPYRIGHT, 1883, BY CHA(|_ES SCRIBNER’S SONS., FOURTH P ER IO D . FINANCE AND INDUSTRY. POLITICAL P late 7 H ISTORY PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS. (Based on Tables in the “ American Almanac and T re a su ry o f Facts.” ) Electoral Vote, 1789 to 1832. SCALE: Elect- Date 1789 j Candidate 73 George W ashington George C lin to n ....... 135 George W ashington A aron B u r r .............. as P in c k n e y . 138 Thom Thom as Je ffe rs o n .. Jo h n A d am s............ Charles O. P inckney 138 A aron B u r r .............. Thom as Je ffe rs o n .. 1792 1796 1S00 1812 218 22] me 1832 30 68 73 D e m .-R ep.. 37 D em .-R ep.. 41 D em .-R ep. . Dem .-R ep.. 99 N a t.-R ep. — 83 D e m o c ra t.. 178 7 A n ti-M ason 11 N a t.-R e p — D e m o c ra t.. 219 176 1828 D em .-R ep.. F e d e ra lis t . F ed e ra lis t . D em .-R ep.. F e d e ra lis t. D em .-R ep.. F e d e ra lis t. F e d e ra lis t. F e d e ra lis t. D em .-R ep.. D em .-R ep.. m . H . C ra w fo rd -. 261 W J o h n Q . A d a m s ---A n drew Jack s o n — n Q . A d a m s ___ 261 JAonhdre w Jackson . .. W illia m W ir t ........... 288 A n dre w Jackson— 1S08 1821 34 F ed era list . 14 Dem .-R ep.. Dem .-R ep— 6 F e d e ra lis t . Dem .-R ep.. 122 F e d e ra lis t. Dem .-R ep.. 128 F e d e ra lis t. 34 Dem .-Rep. O pposition. 1 D em .-R ep— 176 1820 Votes Charles C. P inckney Thom as J e ffe rs o n .. George C lin to n ....... C harlesC. P inckney Jam es M a d is o n ---De W it t C lin to n ___ Jam es M a d is o n ---R u fus K in g . . . ___ 'Jam es M o n ro e ........ [John Q. A d a m s ---|Jam es M onroe......... 1801 ISIS Party State N. U. Dem. Ratio of Predominant to Total Vote, lack ion Adam* Crawford 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 R .I. . Mo. .. 111. . .. N .H . . Miss. . M e. . C onn•. Ala. . . Va. . . . Ind. . . T en n. N J .... K y . .. . M d. . . . N .C . .. 2,145 311 1,542 4,107 1,694 6,870 7,587 2,416 3,189 3.095 216 9,110 10*20*30*40*50:! 18 17 16 15 ioo* 66.6 M o. . . . N .C .... V t____ 75.1 C onti. . 75.6 R .L . . 77.0 13 12 11 73.1 9 8 89.8 100.0 Analysis of the Popular Vote, by States. Jackson Adam* 987 1,901 643 3,234 2,330 200 219 Clay 1,401 1,047 119 1,978 1.680 8,489 9,443 2,861 7,343 20,197 10,985 6,453 14,523 14,632 20,415 30,687 312 1,196 67 416 5,315 16,782 3,646 695 15,621 6,616 4,206 19,255 State N .Y . .. K y. . . M e.. .. R .I. . . N .H . .. V t ____ Conn. . La. Pa. . .. [Ind. . . Mass. . 111. .. V a ....... N.C. .. 2,345 2,699 4,709 4,750 5,047 9,200 9,565 13,606 14,955 15,753 20,725 21,291 23,235 33,496 36,036 37,303 47,355 49,992 1 i ■ ■ a ■ BH 1^3 na nea HUD R . I . , .. 821 2,754 3,575 M is s ... 6,763 1,581 8,344 6.763 1,581 8,344 J11........ L a ____ 4.605 4,097 8,702 4,349 4,769 9,118 D e l.... M o .. .. 8,232 3,422 11,654 C o n n .. 4,448 13,829 18,277 Ga....... 18,709 18,709 A l a . . . 17,138 1,938 19,076 V t ........ 8,205 24,784 32,989 M e .. - ,13,927 20,773 34,700 M ass. . 6,019 29,836 35,855 V a ... . 26,752 12,101 38,853 I n d . . . . 22,237 17,052 39,289 N .H . .. 20,692 24,076 44,768 N . J . . . . 21,950 23,758 45,708 T e n n . . 44,090 2,240 46,330 M d .. . . 24,578 25,759 50,337 N.C. .. 37,857 13,918 51,775 Kv, . . . 39,084 31,172 70,256 O n to .. 67,597 63,396 130,993 Pa....... 101,652 50,848 152,500 N . Y . .. 140,763 135,413 276,176 I 1 v o te s ■ Ml 2 Issa .i.y.’-it 300,000 ----tmmm 2EBBS9 e-.r.'WT-.TI mammm Summary. Candidate 100,000 V otes. Votes Adams, J . Q ......... Jackson................. 509,097 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 S tate 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 R .L . . . Mo. . . . M is s ... La-----D e l.. .. V t. - 111........ Ga____ Conn. . N.C---T e n n .. M d___ N . H . .. Va. .. T nd .. .. N .J. . . Mass. . Me. . . . Ky. . .. 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 1 2 2 3 3 3 5 Votes Candidate C ra w fo rd ............... C lay............ ......... Adams, J . Q .......... Jackson................. mm3o$io%5o% 6 44,282 46,587 105,321 Ratio of Predominant to Total Vote, . - 'i 50.9 52.1 54.4 55.0 56.9 1002 57.2 58.6 61.1 61.6 67.0 69.3 Analysis of the Popular Vote, Bank 1 2 50. + SCALE: Total l m m m JACKSON-1832. N. Rep. Dem. 50. + Total 72.2 74.5 84.4 95.2 100.0 100.0 1 A la . . . ......... 100.0 6 81.0 M ass. . 83.2 23 22 21 20 T9 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 State 23 M d .. .. 22 M o ....... N.J. 20 D e l.. .. 59.8 M e .. P a ____ State Rank Ratio by States. N .H ._ . 53.7 K y. .. Bank KEY Analysis of the Popular Vote, by States. Bank N .Y . .. M d. ... 51.1 O ftio .. N .J — 51.9 D e l . . . . 52.3 G a ........ N o te . — In t h e ele ctio n o f 18 24, each candidate rep resented a division o f th e same party ( t h e bem ocraticR-epub lica n ;; b u t in shading th e map, e a c h division i s tre a te d as i f i t had b e e n a separate party. Pa....... 1 O hio .. 18.457 12,280 JACKSON-1828. Ratio by States. Ratio of Predominant to Total Vote, J. Q. ADAMS-1824. Ratio by States. N o te s . —Previous to 1804 each electo r voted fo r tw o candi dates fo r President. T h e can didate receiving th e largest vote was declared President, and th e one receiving th e n e x t largest, V ice-P reside nt. A rtic le X I I . of th e A m e n d m e n t s to th e C o ns titu tio n , w h ich took effect Sept. 25, 1804. requires electors to b a llo t sepa ra te ly fo r P resident and VicePresident. Previous to 1824 m ost o f th e states chose P residential Elec tors by rh e ir Legislatures, and th e re tu rn s of th e pop ular vote are n o t preserved w ith sufficien t completeness fo r m a k in g com parisons. T h e votes n o t in clude d in th e table , are, 1789, scattering, 35; vacant, 4 (8 votes). 1792, scat tering, 5 ; vacant, 3 (0 votes). 1796, scattering. 48. 1800, J o h n Hay, 1. 1808, George C linton, 6: vacant, 1. 1812, vacant, 1. 1816, vacant, 4. 1820, vacant, 3. 1832, vacant, 1. 2,126 5,192 5,919 4,049 4.110 7,870 14,147 20,750 11,269 24,862 28,740 19,156 25,486 Total 2,810 2,528 4,276 11,152 5,429 4,936 , 5,192 ■ (M ajo rity . 5,919 1 6,577 ■ 8,386 ■ 19,022 wm 19,576 wm 17,755 4,563 1,436 19,160 19,010 29,024 29,425 30,176 38,316 44,496 31,552 15,472 47,024 23,856 23,393 47,249 14,545 33,003 47,548 33,291 27,204 60,495 36,247 43,396 79,643 90,983 66,7l6 2 O h io .. 81,246 76,539 157,785 ICO, 497 154,000 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 SC ALE : Clay J ii.kson l uu . iahj 1 v o te s. o J T o ta ls unknow n.) 2 » ,000 6 6 300,000 Summary, y u ." .' w __________ a Candidate Votes W ir t and Floyd .. Clay .................... Jackson................. 33,108 530,189 687,502 VAN BUREN—1836 -------A Ratio by States. 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 100,000 V otes. ■ C a rrie d no State. Ratio of Predominant to Total Vote, SCALE: State Hank Analysis of the Popular Vote, by States. Rank 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 State Van Buren Harrison 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 SCALE: 100,000 V otes. Total W h i, N .J . . . 24 Miss. — 23 Conn. . Pa....... A r k ---R .I. . . . La........ Del. . . M ich. . M o .. . . M is s ... N .H . .. 2,400 1,238 3,638 2,964 2,710 5,674 3,653 3,383 7,036 4,155 4,738 8,893 7,360 4,000 11,360 10,995 8,337 19,332 9,979 9,688 19,667 18,722 6,228 24,950 18,097 14,983 33,080 Ill........ 19,068 15,637 34,705 Ala. . . 14,037 20,991 35,028 V t -----M e ... . 22,300 15 239 37,539 Conn. . 19,234 18,466 37,700 Ga....... 22,126 24,930 47,056 M d ... . 22,167 25,852 48,019 N .C .... 26,910 23,626 50,536 N.J. . . 26,347 26,892 53,239 30,261 23,368 53,629 V a....... 26,120 35,962 62,082 Tenn. K y. . . . 33,435 36,955 70,390 32,480 41,281 73,761 In d . . . Mass. _ 33,501 41,093 74,594 91,475 87,111 178,586 Pa____ 96,948 105,405 202,353 O hio 166,815 138,543 305,358 N .Y . - 200,000 D em 10#20#30^10#50# 5 0 .5 5 0 .7 5 1 .2 5 2 .0 R .I. . . 5 2 .2 K y ... 5 2 .5 5 2 .9 Ga....... N.C. D el. . . M d - .. N .Y . .. 5 3 .2 5 3 .8 111............ In d . . . V a ....... M o___ T e n n .. M e___ JC 5 4 .7 5 4 .9 Ala. . . "55.6 5 5 .9 5 6 .4 5 6 .8 ’ 5 7 .5 " 5 9 .4 5 9 .9 V t --------- M ic h .. A rk . .. N .H . . . ......... 6 4 .7 6 5 .9 300,000 400,000 Electoral Vote. Summary. j Candidate Candidate Votes 1 )0,000 V otes. W . P. M a n g u m ............ D a niel W e b s te r........... H u g h L . W h ite ............ W illia m H . H a rris o n .. M a rtin V a n B u re n ___ 50 0 ,0 0 0 Wrh ig Candidates) 736,656 V a n B u re n ..........| 761,549 \ Party W h ig ......... W h ig ......... W h ig ......... W h ig ......... Dem ocratic Votes 11 14 26 HARRISON—1840. Ratio by States. Rank 25 Analysis of the Popular Vote, by States, 23 22 SCALE: Bank 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 I Sta te R . I . .. D e l.. A rk . . La— Miss. M ich. V t. . . Mo. .. Conn. N .H .. M d .A la ... N .J .Ga— N.C. . V a— . :Ky. . . Me. .. 111. . . . Tenn. I n d . .. Mass. O h io . Pa— N .Y .. H arriso n Van Buren 5,278 5,967 5,160 11,297 19,518 22,933 32,445 22,972 31,601 26,158 33,528 28,471 33,351 40,261 46,376 42,501 58,489 46,612 45,537 60,391 65,302 72,874 148,157 144,021 225,817 Total 3,301 8,621 4,884 10,851 6,049 11,209 7,617 18,914 16,995 36,513 44,352 21,098 60,773 18,009 52,732 29,760 25,296 57,071 58,954 32,670 62,280 28,752 62,462 33,991 64,454 31,034 31,933 72,194 34,218 43,893 91,105 32,616 93,007 46,201 93,162 47,476 108,680 48,289 116,997 51,695 51,948 1,621 126,443 124,782 903 273,842 343 288,040 143,676 212,519 2,798 441,134 100,000 V otes. 16 15 14 200,000 8 ta te Pa-----M e. . . . Va. . I l l ____ M ich. . N .Y . . N .J. M d. A rk — . D em . B im e y .................... V an B u re n ........... H a rris o n ............... SCALE: 10#20#30#40#50 # 5 0 .8 5 0 .9 5 3 .9 D el. . . 12 N .H . .. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 G a____ In d ----A la — M o___ N.C. .. Mass. . L a ____ R .I. —- 5 5 .4 KEY W.H.H. SJ.V.B. 5 6 .0 5 6 .4 / U n d e r 55V o f a l l ____ 55V and und er 60V ... V t ........... 1 K y. 60V 300,000 400,000 ,r 70V 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 80V „ I0 V - _ >. 8 0 V ” » 90V — 90V and o v e r------------ Summary, Candidate Ratio of Predominant to Total Vote, Votes 7,059 100,000 V otes. 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 1,000,000 Electoral Vote. Candidate P a rty M a rtin Va n B u re n ----- D e m ocratic W illia m H . H a rris o n .. W h ig —----- COPYRIGHT, 1883, BY CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS. V o te by L e g is la tu re ..! Votes POLITICAL HISTORY PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS. P la te 8 (Based on Tables in the “ American Almanac and Treasury of Facts.” ' -Continued. Ratio of Predominant to Total Vote, by States. SCA LE: S tate 25 24 N .Y . . . O h io .. iM ic h . . T enn. . In d . . . P a. . N .J . . . 21 22 21 20 19 State Del. . . R .I.. A r k ---L a ........ M iss. V t -----N .H . .. M ich. . Conn. . Md. . . M o___ N .J .... N.C. .. M e ... . G a....... V a....... I l l ........ K y -----Tenn. . Mass. . Ind. O hio .. P a. N .Y . Clay Polk 5,996 6,728 4,867 7,322 9,546 5,504 13,782 13,083 25,126 19,206 18,041 26,770 27,160 18,866 27,759 24,337 37,741) 26,084 29,841 32,832 32; 676 35,984 41,369 31,251 37,495 38,318 39,287 43,232 45,719 34,378 44,177 42,106 49,570 43,677 57,920 45,528 51,988 61,‘255 59,917 60,030 52,846 67.418 70,181 67,867 149.117 155,057 167,535 161,203 237,588 232,482 Total Birney SCA LE: 12,274 12,296 15,050 26,865 44,332 48,765 49,187 55,728 63.824 64,616 6*. 660 72,620 75,944 82,519 84,933 86,283 93,247 107,018 113,243 119,947 131,124 140,154 312,224 331,876 485,882 107 3,954 4.161 3,632 1,943 131 4,836 3,570 10,860 2,106 8,050 3,138 15,812 100,000 V otes. Whi* R ank 6 2,300 1 ,2 99,068 1 ,3 37,243 B i r n e y ........................... C l a y ................................. P o l k ................................. 5 0 .0 IOWA 5 0 .4 M ass. . 13 |N . C . 1 2 M d -----1 1 V a _____ 10 M e .. . 9 K y. .. . 8 III. . . . . 7 V t _____ 6 N .H . .. 5 'M i s s . . . 4 M o ......... 3 | A la . . . 2 I R .I. . . 5 1 .4 5 2 .3 5 2 .4 5 1 .2 _____ 5 3 .1 5 3 .8 5 4 .0 1 &4.1 _ I 5 4 .8 5 6 .6 5 6 .9 5 9 .1 TENN. U n d e r 55% o f a ll 5 9 .5 1 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 V o t e s . Votea 4 9 .8 5 0 .0 5 1 .1 Summary C a n d id a te 10*20% 3 0 * 4 0 * 5 0 % _ 4 9 .6 17 I b e l . . . 16 G a _____ 14 T*em 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 I ! "1 H 56% a n d u n d e r 60^" 000,000 Electoral Vote, 1 1 l ■ ■ ■ C a rrie d n o S t a t e . 1 W h ig . ... H e n r y C la;j Jam es K. D e m o c ra tic TAYLOR-1848 SCALE: R ank S tate F la ... R .I.. D e l. . T ex. . A rk . . Io w a L a. . W is . V t. .. N .H . M is s .. A la .. C onn. M ic h . M d. . M o. . | N .J . N .C . . M e . .. !V a . . G a .... K y . .. T enn. 'i l l . . . . M ass. I n d ... IO h i o . P a. In . y . IOWA N .Y . IConn, 100,000 V otes. 3 ,1 1 6 6 ,7 7 9 6,421 4 ,5 0 9 7 ,588 11,084 18,217 13,747 23 ,1 2 2 14,781 25 ,9 2 2 30 ,4 8 2 30,314 23 ,9 4 0 37 ,7 0 2 32,671 40,015 43 ,5 5 0 35 ,1 2 5 45,124 47 ,5 4 4 67,141 64,705 53,047 61 ,0 7 2 69,907 13 8 ,3 6 0 1 85,513 21 8 ,6 0 3 jln d . . |Io w a P a ... M is s .. V a. 10,668 9 ,300 12,093 1 5,370 16,001 10,948 27 ,763 26,537 31,363 27 ,046 3 0,687 3 4,528 40,077 36,901 3 4,869 IO W A . A la .. N .J. 47,907 50,104 52 ,4 5 9 61,845 62,365 65,016 72,355 72,748 77,745 78,419 87,101 91,719 44 ,802 49 ,720 58 ,419 56 ,300 35,281 74,745 154,775 171,176 114,318 Ratio of Predominant to Total Vote, by States, 10*20*80*40*50* W is . . II I . . . M ass. M e. O h io M ic h . V t. SCA LE: 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 i V o te b y L e g is la tu re G a . .. D e l.. M d. Ten n. L a. . M o .. t e n n . A rk ... W / U n d e r 55% o f a ll N .H . K y. R .I.. F l a . .. T ex. 116,861 123,124 125,121 134.411 152,752 328,489 367,952 453,431 5 5 % a n d u n d e r 60.% Electoral Vote, C andidate P a r ty Vote* 1 C a rrie d n o S ta te . 291.263 1,220,544 1,360,101 L e w i s < a s s .......................... D e m o c r a t i c W h ite SCALE: F la .. D e l.. R .I ., T e x .. A r k .. [Io w a L a. . A la . . V t. .. M is s .. G a. . |N . H . W is . C onn. IM o . . . M d. . C a l.. N .C . . M e. . M ic h . N .J .. K y. . T enn. M ass. V a ... 1111. . . In d . . O h io P a . .. In . y . 4 .3 1 8 6 .318 8 ,7 3 5 1 3,552 12 ,1 7 3 17 ,7 6 3 18,647 26,881 13,044 2 6 ,8 7 6 3 4 ,7 0 5 2 9,997 3 3 ,6 5 8 3 3 ,2 4 9 3 8 ,3 5 3 4 0 ,0 2 0 4 0 ,6 2 6 3 9,744 4 1 ,6 0 9 4 1 ,8 4 2 4 4 ,3 0 5 5 3 ,8 0 6 5 7 ,0 1 8 4 4 ,5 6 9 7 3 ,8 5 8 8 0 ,5 9 7 9 5 ,3 4 0 1 69,220 1 98,568 26 2 ,0 8 3 7,193 12,673 17,005 18,547 19,577 3.’ ,‘2 23 35,902 41,919 43.838 44,424 51,365 52.839 64,712 7,404 15,856 17,255 15,038 2 2,173 17,548 16,660 16,147 2 2,240 3 0,357 29,984 3 5,066 3 5,407 3 9,058 3 2 ,543 3 3,859 3 8 ,556 57,068 5 8,893 5 2,683 5 8,572 6 4,934 8 0,901 152,526 1 79,174 2 34,882 100,000 V otes. Hank State W h i« 30 29 28 27 26 25 M ass. . O h io .. C onn. . D e l. N .Y .. . N .C . . M ic h . Io w a V t. . M e. T enn. R .I. K y. i P a ------- 42 .0 24 23 22 21 '20 19 18 17 16 111. .. 15 L a . 14 W i s . . . 13 I n d . 12 N . J . 11 M d . 10 C a l . 9 !V a . . . 8 M o. . 7 N .H . 6 F la .. . 5 M i s s ___ 4 A rk . . . 3 A la . . _ 2 G a _____ 68,337 75,140 76,133 78,861 82,182 8 2 ,9 :* 83,211 111,139 115,916 125,275 132,430 155,497 183,170 353,428 386,267 522,294 1 Dem. 10 V otes. 50 I 20 30 40 I 127 I PIERCE-1852 SCALE: 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 II 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 i 10*20*30% 40# 50# Ratio of Predominant to Total Vote, by States. k 49.7 49.8 50.1 50 .3 50.4 50.4 50 .5 50 .6 50 .8 IO W A . 5 1 .3 51 .3 5 1 .7 52 .0 |UNORGAN-| I I2E D ' 53 .2 TENN. 55.7 56.1 56.7 U n d e r 55% o f a ll 6 0 .0 5 5 % a n d u n d e r 60.%. 62.1 64.1 Tex. . . Summary V o te b y L e g is la tu r e . Dectoral Vote, C andidate Votea H a l e ............................... 1 5 6 ,1 4 9 C a rrie d n o S ta te . W in fie ld S c o t t .. F r a n k lin P ie rc e P i e r c e ........................... D e m o c ra tic Ratio of Predominant to Total Vote, ’ by States, SCALE: 10*20%30* 40* 50* SCALE: 6 ,3 5 8 8 ,0 0 4 6 ,6 8 0 21 ,9 1 0 22,164 T ex. . V t,... M is s .. N.H._ A la ... C onn. N.C. M d. . Io w a G a ... N.J._ M o . .. M e. . Cal.. W is . M ic h . T enn. K y. V a. . M ass. In d . . 111. ... O h io P a .... N .Y . 35 ,4 4 6 32 ,7 8 9 46 ,7 3 9 34,995 48 ,2 4 6 39,115 36 ,1 7 0 56,578 46 ,9 4 3 58,164 39 ,0 8 0 53 ,3 6 5 52 ,8 4 3 52 ,1 3 6 73,638 7 4,642 8 9 ,7 0 6 3 9 .2 4 0 1 18,670 105.348 170,874 21 0 ,7 1 0 195,878 lpO.OOO V otes. 4,833 6,175 1.675 10,787 20,709 15,639 545 24,195 422 28,552 2,615 K y. . T enn. C onn. N .H . D e l... M o. . M d ... W is . 86,856 43,954 IOWA KANS. N.C. F la . . M ic h . G a ... 142,372 28,126 82,175 124.604 167,056 235,431 238,9«1 386.497 460,395 596.489 R .I. . V a ... M is s . M e. . A la . . M ass. T ex. A rk .. V t... Summary t e n n F i l l m o r e ...................... , 5 5 % a n d u n d e r 60.% Electoral Vote, 100.000 V otes. Candidate 2 2 3 3 T 4 _7 ____ V o te b y L e g is la tu re . Votes V a n B u r e n ................ C a s s ................................. T a y lo r— l 5 Summary C an d id ate 1 N.C. Candidate Vote* 8 74,534 C arried M a r y l a n d o n l y . Party M i l l a r d F i l l m o r e ............. A m e r i c a n . . J o h n C . F r e m o n t ___ __ R e p u b l i c a n J a m e s B u c h a n a n ............ D e m o c r a t i c COPYRIGHT, 1883, BY CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS. Vote* 8 10 V otes. I 20 30 40 V o te by Le g isla tu re POLITICAL P late 9 HISTORY PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS. —Continued. (Based on Tables in the “ American Almanac and Treasury of Facts.” ) Ratio of Predominant LINCOLN-1860. Ratio by States. Rank Analysis of the Popular Vote, by States. R ank S tate Oreg. F la - . D e l.— R .I— M in n .. V t. . . L a ____ A rk . .. T e x— N . H . .. M is s ... Conn . A la ----M d. ... N .C— M e___ Ga. . .. C a L ... N .J — Iow a .. T e n n .. L incoln D ouglas 5 ,2 7 0 3,951 367 1 ,0 2 3 7 ,7 0 7 1 1 ,9 2 0 6 ,8 4 9 7 ,6 2 5 5 ,2 2 7 3 ,8 1 5 1 2 ,2 4 4 2 2 ,0 6 9 3 3 ,8 0 8 25,881 3,283 15,522 13.651 5,966 2 ,2 9 4 2,701 26,693 J1,590 38,516 3 9 ,1 7 3 5 8 ,3 2 4 62,801 55,111 7 0 ,4 0 9 11,350 1 ,3 6 4 25.651 65,021 86,110 65,057 8 8 ,4 8 0 58,801 1 7 ,0 2 8 1 ,9 2 9 16,290 34,372 1 0 6 ,5 3 3 1 3 9 ,0 3 3 115.509 160,215 1 7 2 ,1 6 1 2 2 1 ,6 1 0 187,232 2 6 8 ,0 3 0 16,765 3 6 2 ,6 4 6 312.510 3 7 ,5 1 9 4 3 ,6 9 2 fSt;: M ich. . Mo. . . . V a -.. Mass. . In d . . . I l l ........ O hio .. Pa. . . . N .Y . . . B reck in rid g e T o tal 3 ,0 0 6 8 ,5 4 3 7 ,3 4 7 183 5 ,4 3 7 3 ,8 6 4 748 1 ,9 6 9 2 2 ,6 8 1 2 8 ,7 3 2 4 7 ,5 4 8 2 ,1 1 2 4 0 ,7 9 7 1 4 ,6 4 1 4 8 ,8 3 1 4 2 ,4 8 2 4 8 ,3 3 9 6 ,3 6 8 5 1 ,8 8 9 3 4 ,3 3 4 62 218 2 0 ,2 0 4 2 0 ,0 9 4 1 5 ,4 3 8 441 2 5 ,0 4 0 3 ,2 9 1 2 7 ,8 2 5 4 1 ,7 6 0 4 4 ,9 9 0 2 ,0 4 6 4 2 ,8 8 6 6 ,8 1 7 1 ,0 4 8 6 4 ,7 0 9 5 3 ,1 4 3 888 805 1 ,7 6 3 6 9 .2 7 4 6 6 .0 5 8 161 405 5 8 ,3 7 2 7 4 ,6 8 1 2 2 ,3 3 1 5 ,3 0 6 3 ,9 1 3 1 2 ,1 9 4 1 2 ,7 7 6 31,317 7 4 ,3 2 3 5 ,9 3 9 1 2 ,2 9 5 2 ,4 0 4 1 1 ,4 0 5 1 7 8 ,8 7 1 SCALE: 1 2 ,4 1 0 1 4 ,3 4 7 1 6 ,0 4 9 1 9 ,9 5 1 3 4 ,7 9 9 4 2 ,8 4 4 5 0 ,5 1 0 5 4 ,0 5 3 6 2 ,9 8 6 6 5 ,9 5 3 6 9 ,1 2 0 7 7 ,1 4 6 9 0 ,3 0 7 9 2 ,5 0 2 9 6 ,0 3 0 9 7 ,9 1 8 1 0 6 ,3 6 5 1 1 8 ,8 4 0 1 2 1 ,1 2 5 1 2 8 ,3 3 1 1 4 5 ,3 3 3 1 4 6 ,2 1 6 1 5 2 ,1 8 0 1 5 4 ,7 4 7 1 6 5 ,5 1 8 1 6 7 ,2 2 3 1 6 9 ,1 7 5 2 7 2 ,1 4 3 338 693 4 4 2 .4 4 1 4 7 6 .4 4 2 6 7 5 ,1 5 6 100,000 V o te s . 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 State Cal................... 32.9 M o................... 35.5 Oreg. .......... 42.4 Va....... 44.6 La____ 44.9 K y. . . ’ 45.1 D el— * 4 5 .7 " M d. ... 45.9 Tenn. 47.6 Ga.................... 48.7 N.C.................. 50.3 I l l ..................... In d .. 51.0 N .J. . . 51.8 O hio .. 52.3 A rk — 53.1 N .Y . 53.7 A la .. . 54.0 Iowa .. Pa....... W is. . ............. 56.5 Conn. .......... N .H M ich. . ! .......... Miss................. 59.0 F la ................... 59.5 R .I.............. 61.3 Mass................ M inn. . — M e................... 64 1 T e x .................. 75.4 V t. . . . . . . . ............... 78.9 ...... 100,000 V o te s , C andidate D ouglas................. L in c o ln .................. 1 ,3 7 5 ,1 5 7 1 , 8 6 6 ,3 5 2 I 1 | [ 1 300,000 400,000 C andidate 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 700,000 1,000,000 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 P a rry Stephen A. Douglas .. In d . Dem. . 600,000 V otes 5 8 9 ,5 8 1 1 200,000 Summary. B e ll........................ Const. U Breck. Dem. Doug. Dem. Rep. 1 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 J . C. B re c k in rid g e .. .. D em ocratic A b rah am L in c o ln ....... R epublican Votes 10 V otes. 200 50 12 39 72 180 2 , 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 li i| ■ nil Ratio by States. SCALE: Rank S ta te 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 N .Y - . Pa....... D e l. . . N . H . .. N .J ----Ind. Oreg. . 111. D em . 10*20 *30 *4 0*50* 51.8 52.8 ... M ic h . . M d ___ 14 13 12 M e. .. 11 Cal. .. 10 9 8 R . I .. . . 7 6 W . Va. 5 Mo. . .. 4 K y. ... 3 Mass. . 2 V t. . .. Analysis of the Popular Vote, by States. SCALE: Rank S tate L incoln M cClellan T o tal 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Nev. .. D e l- . . O reg ... Kans. . R .I.. .. W .V a. M inn. . 9 ,8 2 6 8 ,1 5 5 9 ,8 8 8 1 6 ,4 4 1 1 3 ,6 9 2 2 3 ,1 5 2 2 5 ,0 6 0 4 2 ,4 1 9 3 6 ,4 0 0 4 0 ,1 5 3 4 4 ,6 9 1 2 7 ,7 8 6 7 2 ,7 5 0 6 2 ,1 3 4 6 1 ,8 0 3 6 0 ,7 2 3 8 9 ,0 7 5 8 3 ,4 5 8 9 1 ,5 2 1 1 2 6 ,7 4 2 1 5 0 ,4 2 2 1 8 9 ,4 9 6 2 6 5 ,1 5 4 2 9 6 ,3 9 1 3 6 8 .7 3 5 6 ,5 9 4 8 ,7 6 7 8 ,4 5 7 3 ,6 9 1 8 ,4 7 0 1 0 ,4 3 8 1 7 ,3 7 5 1 3 ,3 2 1 3 2 ,8 7 1 3 2 ,7 3 9 4 2 ,2 8 5 6 4 ,3 0 1 3 1 .6 7 8 4 3 ,8 4 1 4 4 ,2 1 1 6 8 ,0 2 4 4 9 ,5 9 6 6 5 ,8 8 4 7 4 ,6 0 4 4 8 ,7 4 5 1 3 0 ,2 3 3 1 5 8 ,7 3 0 2 0 5 ,5 6 8 2 7 6 ,3 1 6 3 6 1 ,9 8 6 1 6 ,4 2 0 1 6 ,9 2 2 1 8 ,3 4 5 2 0 ,1 3 2 2 2 ,1 6 2 3 3 ,5 9 0 4 2 ,4 3 5 5 5 ,7 4 0 6 9 ,2 7 1 7 2 ,8 9 2 8 6 ,9 7 6 9 2 ,0 8 7 V t ............ N .H . .. M d----Conn. . Ky. . .. M o.. .. Cal----M e ----N . J ------ Iowa .. W is. . . M ich. . Mass. . In d . . . I l l ........ O hio .. Pa____ J N .Y — 100,000 V otes. 200,000 l 400,000 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 M cC lellan........ .. 3 3 i j 1 5 5 6 6 600,000 700,000 C andidate | P a r ty V otes George B. M c C le lla n .. D em ocratic 21 81 V a c a n t.................................................. A b rah am L in c o ln ....... R epublican 212 800,000 10 V o te s . 50 1 20 30 40 IOO 1 1 1 1I1 r"TTri 150 1 200 1 - r - 5 7 2 ,7 0 7 100,000 V o te s . | 1 300,000 Summary. Candidate 1 69.8 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 Vote. 1,000,000 1 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,8 0 8 .7 2 5 1 i 1 I I 2 ,0 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 11 GRANT-1868. Ratio of Predominant Ratio by States. SCALE: Analysis of the Popular Vote, by States. Rank 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Grant S tate S ey m o u r Nev. .. Nebr. . D e l- . . R .I .. . . Oreg. . A rk . . . Kans. . W .V a. V t ....... N .H — . M inn. . T e n n .. M d ----Conn. . S.C — . C a l- . . M e - .. La. — A la ----M o— .. K y ------ 6,480 5,218 9,729 5,439 7,623 10,980 12,993 6,548 10,961 11,125 22,112 19,078 31,048 13,990 29,175 20,306 44,167 12,045 38,191 31,244 43,545 28,075 56,628 26,129 30,438 62,357 50,995 47,952 62,301 45,237 54,583 54,077 70,493 42,460 33,263 80,225 76,366 72,088 86,860 65,628 39,566 115,890 N .J — . N .C -.. V\ is. . . Iowa .. Mass. . M ich. . In d . . . I l l ........ O hio .. 83,001 84,601 84,707 74,040 59,408 97,069 166,980 199,143 238,606 313,382 429,883 80,131 96,769 108 857 120,399 136,477 128,550 176,548 250,303 280,223 342,280 N .Y . .. 419,883 KEY SCALE: T o ta l 11,698 15,168 18,603 19,541 22,086 41,190 45,038 49,481 56,212 69,415 71,620 82,757 92,795 98,947 107,538 108,660 112,953 113,488 148,454 U .S .G . I I .S . 100,000 V otes. . 200,000 G r a n t ........ .................. Votes ■ 1 3 2 3 3 4 T p a 61 400,000 155,456 163,132 181,370 193,564 194,439 195,885 225,619 343,528 449,446 518,829 C andidate 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 600,000 700,000 | L ■ P « 't y 1..................... 2 3 V a c a n t.................... H o ra tio S e ym ou r... ..D e m o c ra tic 8 0 Ulysses S. G ra n t .. 214 800,000 900,000 849,766 Summary. C andidate 1 100,000 V otes. 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 1, 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 2 , 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,7 0 9 ,6 1 3 3 ,0 1 5 ,0 7 1 COPYRIGHT, 1883, BY CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS. 2 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 POLITICAL HISTORY P late 1 0 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS. —Continued. (Based on Tables in the “ American Almanac and Treasury of Facts.” ) Ratio by States. Hank Analysis of the Popular Vote, by States. SCALE: R ank S ta te Grant Greeley Nev. . E X Oreg. D e l... Nebr. F la .. . V t. . .. W .V a. N . H . .. A r k .. . M in n .. M e. ... S .C .--. C a l.... C o n n .. Kans. . T e x .... L a . .. . . M iss... M d .. .. Ga. .. N .C .. . N . J . .. . A la . .. T e n n .. V a ....... K y. . . . W is. .. Mass. . Iow a .. M ich. . M o. . . In d ----111 O hio .. Pa........ N .Y .. . 8,413 13,665 11,819 11,115 18,329 17,763 41,481 32,315 37,168 41,373 55,117 61,422 72,290 54,020 50,638 67,048 47,406 71,663 82,175 66,760 62,550 94,769 91,656 90,272 85,655 93,468 88,766 101,997 133,472 131.566 138,455 119,196 186.147 241,944 281,852 349,589 440,736 6,236 5,329 7,730 10,206 7,812 15,427 10.927 29.451 31.424 37.927 34,423 29,087 22,703 40,718 45,880 32,970 66,500 57,029 47,288 67,687 76,356 70,094 76,456 79,444 94,391 91,654 99,995 86,477 59,260 71,196 78,355 151,434 163,632 184,938 244,321 212,041 387,281 .... Total 100,000 V otes. 14,649 18,994 572 487 20,121 593 600 100 187 1,068 204 596 2,499 908 4,000 42 2,374 834 2,221 1,271 2,861 2,429 1,417 3,058 1,163 2,100 1,454 201 1,630 21,808 26,141 33,190 53,001 62,366 68,892 79,300 89,540 90,509 95,180 95,806 96,928 100,614 116,405 128,692 129,463 134,466 142,906 164,863 168,742 169,716 180,046 185,164 191,135 192,308 192,732 204,983 220,942 273,059 351,196 429,940 529,436 563,260 829,672 200.000 100,000 V otes. Vote* B la c k ..................... 5,608 O’C o nor................ 29,408 G re e le y ................ 2,834,079 G ra n t..................... 3,597,070 D em .-L ib.-R ep. 50.3 52.3 52.4 53.4 55.4 57.1 9 8 7 Me. 6 5 .. Nebr. . R .I. .. 2 S.C. . 1 V t ______ 4 3 D a vid D avis.................. Indopen d’t- 400,000 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 B. G ratz B row n........... L ib .-R e p —Thom as A. H e ndricks. Dem ocratic Ulysses S. G r a n t......... Republican , 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 10 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 .5 0 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,000,00 0 10 V otes. 50 20 30 40 Vote* Party Candidate 300,000 Summary. Candidate S tate 37 36 M d ... . V a ....... D e l___ 33 W . Va. 32 Conn. . 31 K y . . .. 30 Tenn. . Ind. . N .Y . 27 26 25 Ga....... 24 Fla___ 23 N .H . .. 22 N . J . . . 21 W is .... 20 M o___ 19 L a . . .. 1 8 III. . .. 17 Cal. 16 Tex. .. 15 N . C . . . 14 N e v .... 13 Oreg. . 12 M in n . . 11 Pa. . .. 10 1 2 17 18 42 200 250 —I—1[ Ga[ Ga. 3 f( fo r G reeley; X rk 1. 6, and La. 8 2 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 [ C arried ino S tate. I r Ratio of Predominant HAYES-1876 / m AKU. \ T — j 1 L Electoral Vote, Candidate V ot» P arty 10 V otes. 5 0 I 20 30 40 I IOO 200 Sam uel J . T ild e n ........ D em ocratic R u th e rfo rd B. Hayes . R epublican Summary. 1*)0,000 V otes, Candidate 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 1.0 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 .5 0 0 ,0 0 0 Vote* 2.H36 9,522 Cooper................... 81,740 4,033,950 T ild e n .................... 4,284,885 2 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 2 , 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 4 , 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 ijc a r r iid no S tate. i r i GARFIELD-1880 r Ratio of Predominant Ratio by States. S tate Hank Analysis of the Popular Vote, by States. Rank State ] Garfield 8,732 18,195 14,150 20,619 23,654 Nev. - - R.I. — D e l... . Oreg. . Fla. . . . C o lo ... V t ____ N .H . .. Nebr. . L a ____ A rk ---W . Va. M is s ... Conn. . Me. . . M in n . . Ala. . . Ga....... C a l. .. . S. M d. . . . K a n s .. Va . .. . N .C .-.T e x— Tenn. . N . J .... K y ....... W is. .. Mass. . Iow a .. M ich . . Mo. . . . In d .... I l l ........ O hio .. Pa-----N .Y . .. 2 7 ,4 5 0 45,090 44,852 54,979 37,994 41,661 46,243 3 4 ,8 5 4 67,073 74,039 93,903 56,178 52,648 80,348 58,071 C. 78,515 121,520 84,020 115,878 57,845 107,677 120,555 104,550 144,397 165,205 183,904 185,190 153,567 232,164 318,037 375,048 444,704 555.544 Total 9,611 10,779 15,183 19,948 236 " 249 2 7 ,9 6 4 24,647 18,181 40,794 28,523 65,310 60,489 57,391 75,750 64,417 65,171 53,315 90,687 102,522 80,426 . 112,312 . 93,706 59,789 127,976 124,204 156,228 128,191 122,565 147,999 114,634 111,960 105,845 131,300 208,609 225,528 277,321 340,821 407,428. 534.511 1,435 1,212 528 3,853 439 4.079 9.079 5,797 110 189 868 4,408 3,267 4,642 481 3,392 566 818 19,710 139 1,136 27,405 5,916 2,617 11,498 7,980 4,548 32,327 34,795 35,045 12,986 26,358 6,456 20,668 12,373 677 412 235 43 191 257 161 799 630 1,156 596 2,642 1,983 2,177 D em . 38 Cal. .. . 3 7 In d ___ 36 N .J ----35 N .Y . .. 34 O reg. . 33 Conn. . Pa. .. 31 W . Va. 18,343 29,235 29,333 40,816 51,618 53,532 64,593 86,363 87,355 97,201 106,229 112,713 117,078 132.770 143,853 150.771 151,507 155,651 164,166 170,956 173,039 201,019 212,135 241,218 241,478 241,827 245,928 264,304 267,172 2*2,512 322,706 352,441 397,221 470,678 622,312 724,967 874,783 ,104,605 100,000 Votes. 30 111. 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 Colo. .. N .C .... 21 20 19 18 17 16 4 M r... 50.9 51.4 . O hio .. D e l... . N .H . .. Mo. . .. Nev. . . M ich. . Tenn. . W is. .. M d. . .. Fla. . . . K y ....... S .C . . . 3 Ga....... 2 L a -----1 V t. . . . .300,000 49.8 .. 14 A rk . . . 13 Mass. . 12 A la. . . 11 V a ....... JO Kans. . 9 R .I. . . . 8 7 Nebr. . 6 T e x .... 5 M is s ... 200,000 48.9 Rep. 49.3 50.2 50.5 50.5 51.1 51.2 51.4 51.7 51.7 51.9 52.2 ___ 52.3 52.5 53.0 54.0 54.1 54.1 55.9 56.9 56.9 58.4 59.8 60.3 60.4 62.2 64.6 64.7 65.6 65.8 67.1 62.9 Electoral Vote, 69.8 400,000 Candidate 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 p.n, Vote* 200 10 V otes. 50 I 20 30 40 I W in fie ld S. H a n co ck.. D em ocratic Jam es A . G arfie ld . . . Republican 1,000,000 Summary, C andidate V o te. S c a tte rin g ............ W e a ve r................. 1 2 ,5 7 6 3 0 7 ,3 0 6 G a rfie ld ................. 4 ,4 4 9 ,0 5 3 100,000 V otes. 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 1,000,000 1 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 ( C arried no S ta le . COPYRIGHT, 1883, BY CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS. 2 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 4 , 0 0 0 .0 0 0 3 0 0
@FedFRASER