Full text of Statistical Atlas, 1900 : Vital Statistics

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VITAL

STATISTICS.

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VITAI

STATISTICS

Mortality statistics for the Twelfth Census relate to
the census year June 1, 1899 to May 31, 1900. The
returns of deaths were derived from two sources—first,
from the enumerators’ schedules, and, second, from the
registration records of those states and cities which kept
an official record of deaths.
The enumerators made their returns of deaths by
inquiry of the families enumerated, but, as this inquiry
was not made until after the close of the year for which
the deaths were to be reported, many deaths were
omitted. The failure of a number of enumerators to
make any returns of deaths shows that the enumerators'
returns are too incomplete to afford reliable information
as to death rates in relation to population. They have,
however, a certain value in indicating the relative fre­
quency of deaths from different causes, and, as they
constitute the only means of securing information in
regard to deaths in many parts of the country, they
must be relied upon as the best information on the subject
that can be obtained.
The registration area in 1900 included the states of
Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts,
Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, and
Michigan, and the District of Columbia, also 153 cities
of 8,000 inhabitants, or more, in other states (Twelfth
Census, Volume III, page lvi). The population of these
states and cities was 28,807,209, or more than one-third
of the total population of the United States; as the
registration records were fairly accurate, the returns
for this area can be considered as approximately cor­
rect. The registration area in 1890 comprised the states
of New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode
Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, and Del­
aware, and the District of Columbia, also 83 cities of
5.000 inhabitants, or more, in other states: the gross
population of this area was 19,659,440.
The number of deaths per 1,000 of population for the
registration area in 1900 was 17.8,1and for the regis­
tration area in 1890.19.6,1a decrease during the decade
of 1.8.
Plate 111 is made up of seven diagrams presenting
graphically the death rates in 1900 for certain areas, for
specified diseases and nativities.
Diagram 1, Plate 111, represents the death rates per
1.000 of population in the registration states in 1900,
1 Exclusive of stillbirths.

and shows that the death rate, 22.8, in the District of
Columbia was much higher than in any of the registra­
tion states. As the District of Columbia is practically
a city, and included a large colored population with a
death rate greatly” in excess of that of the white, the
reasons for the high death rate are apparent, as will be
seen byr comparison with other cities which had a large
percentage of colored population, represented in dia­
gram 7, Plate 111. The death rate of Rhode Island,
19.1, was the highest among the registration states.
Diagrams 2 and 4, Plate 111, show the comparative
death rates per 1,000 of population under 15, and from
15 to 45 years of age, for the rural districts and cities of
the registration states, byr birthplace of mothers, in 1900.
The first of these two diagrams shows that in the rural
districts the mortality of children under 15 years of
age was greatest among those of Italian mothers, closely
followed byr the children of mothers born in Canada,
and in Russia and Poland. Children of Scotch mothers
show the lowest death rate. For persons from 15 to 45
years of age the death rate was highest among those .of
Irish mothers, and lowest among those of mothers born
in Russia and Poland.
Diagram 4, Plate 111, shows that in cities in the
registration states the children less than 15 years of
age of mothers born in Italy had the highest death
rate, with France, Canada, Ireland, and the United
States following in order. The children of Scandina­
vian, German, English and Welsh, Russian and Polish,
and Scotch mothers had lower death rates than those
of native mothers. Of persons from 15 to 45 years of
age those born of Irish mothers show the highest death
rate, and those of Russian and Polish mothers the
lowest. Comparing the two diagrams, it will be noted
that the mortality for the nativities specified was much
greater in cities than in rural districts.
Diagram 3, Plate 111, represents the death rates per
1,000 of population, in the registration states, by sex,
color, and general nativity, in 1900. The death rate
for the total population was 17.3, which was lower than
that of the males, 18.1. and higher than that of the
females, 16.5. The death rates for the native white of
native parents, 16.4, and the native white of foreign
parents, 17.1, were lower than that for the aggregate
population; the foreign white death rate, 18.3, and the
colored, 25.3, were much higher. The urban death
( 61)

62

STATISTICAL ATLAS.

rate, 18.6, was much higher than the rural, 15.4. The
death rate of the urban white population, 18.4, was
much lower than that of the urban colored, 27.6.
Diagram 6, Plate 111, represents the death rates per
100,000 of population, from certain diseases, in the reg­
istration states in 1900. Pneumonia leads with 193.3
per 100,000; consumption (175.9); diarrheal diseases
(132.2); cancer and tumor (67.7); diphtheria and croup
(40.3); and influenza (29.1) show the highest death rates.
Diagram 5, Plate 111, represents the proportion of
deaths due to certain causes per 1,000 deaths from all
causes among the white and the colored in the United
States in 1900, and brings out the difference in the death
rates of these two races. Deaths from diseases of the
nervous system were more prevalent among the white
than the colored. From pneumonia, which was next
in order, the death rates of the two races were almost
equal, that for the colored slightly exceeding that for
the white, but for consumption the death rate of the
colored was over 50 per cent higher than that of the
white. From diseases of the circulatory system, diar­
rheal diseases, diseases of the digestive system, diseases
of the urinary system, cancer and tumor, bronchitis,
and diphtheria, the death rate of the white exceeded
that of the colored, while from accidents and injuries,
typhoid fever, influenza, measles, malarial fever, affec­
tions connected with pregnane}^ and scrofula and tabes,
the death rate of the colored exceeded that of the white.
Diagram 7, Plate 111, to which reference has been
made, shows the death rates of the white and the colored
for 1900, per 1,000 of population in certain cities, ar­
ranged in the order of their white death rates. Of the
nine cities specified, Charleston had the highest death
rate among both the white (25.6) and the colored (46.7),
while St. Louis had the lowest death rate among the
white (17.0), and Memphis among the colored (28.6).
Washington, with a death rate of 19.1 for the white,
and 31.0 for the colored, ranked seventh; its death rate
for the colored was lower than for any of the other cities
mentioned, except Memphis and Louisville. In all of
these cities the death rate of the colored greatly ex­
ceeded that of the white.
Diagram 1, Plate 112, represents the percentages of
deaths in the United States from certain causes in 1900
and 1890, and is based principal^ on the enumerators’
returns. The percentages for 1900 are represented by
the black bars, and those for 1890 by the uncolored
bars. Consumption led in both 1900 and 1890 with
a greater percentage of deaths than any other disease.
It will be noted, however, that the percentage of deaths
from consumption in 1900 was not as large as in 1890.
The proportions of deaths from diarrheal diseases,
diphtheria and croup, cholera infantum, bronchitis,
convulsions, and malarial fever show large decreases
in 1900, as compared with 1890. The diagram brings
out the large proportion of deaths from consumption
and from pneumonia, and the fact that the percentage

of the former is smaller, and the latter larger, than in
1890.
Diagram 2, Plate 112, represents the percentages of
deaths from certain causes, in 1900 and 1890, for the
registration area. In this diagram, pneumonia shows
the highest percentage of deaths in 1900, and consump­
tion in 1890. The decrease in the proportion of deaths
from consumption in 1900, as compared with 1890, is
marked, being 1.8 per cent. The large decrease noted
in the proportion of deaths from consumption, diarrheal
diseases, bronchitis, cholera infantum, diphtheria and
croup, convulsions, and malarial fever in 1900, as com­
pared with 1890, is a matter of great interest, as it is
due to the great advance in medical science and im­
proved sanitary methods.
Plate 113 shows for the United States the proportion
of deaths in each month, and the relative proportions
at all ages and at specified age groups in 1900. The
proportion of deaths at all ages was highest in March
(103.6), and lowest in June (67.0), while of those under
5 years of age the proportion was highest in August
(104.1), and lowest in November (62.1); in ages from 5
to 59 years the proportion was highest in March (102.9),
and lowest in June (66.8), the same as in all ages; in 60
years and over the proportion of deaths was highest in
April (117.8), and lowest in June (60.6).
Diagram 1, Plate 114, represents the death rates from
general diseases—A, including measles, scarlet fever,
diphtheria, whooping cough, malarial fever, influenza,
ti^phoid fever, cholera morbus, colitis, diarrhea, dysen­
tery, enteritis, cholera infantum, fever (unspecified),
cerebro-spinal fever, smallpox, erysipelas, septicemia,
venereal diseases, and other minor diseases—in each
month, for cities and rural districts of the registration
states in 1900, and shows that in cities the death rate
was highest in the month of July (60.8) and lowest in
the month of November (16.8), while in the rural dis­
tricts the death rate was highest in August (36.2) and
lowest in June (12.2).
S p e c if ie d

D is e a s e s .

Plates 101 to 110, inclusive, are a series of maps of
the registration states, on which the death rates per
100,000 of population from certain specified diseases in
1900, in each county, are indicated, by shades of color,
for the five groups described in the legend. The cir­
cular diagrams on Plates 113 to 125 represent the death
rates per 100,000 of population in each month for cities
and rural districts, in the United States and the registra­
tion states, and the bar diagrams represent the com­
parative proportion of deaths from specified diseases at
each age per 1,000 deaths from known causes, in 1900
and 1890, for the registration area.
C O N S U M P T IO N .

Plates 101 and 102 show, hy shades of color, the death
rate due to consumption per 100,000 of population in
1900. The heavy shades, indicating a high death

VITAL STATISTICS.
rate, are found principally along- the Atlantic coast,
although a number of counties in New York also show
a heavy death rate from this disease. A comparison of
the two plates brings out the comparatively low death
rate from consumption in the state of Michigan, only
one county, Isabella, appearing in the highest group.
Diagram 1, Plate 120, represents the death rates from
consumption in each month for cities and rural districts
of the registration states in 1900. The diagram indi­
cates that a large number of deaths occurred from this
disease in every month of the year. The highest death
rate in cities (21.1) was in March, and the lowest in June
(14.7), while in the rural districts the highest death
rate was in May (13.4), and the lowest in September
(9.4).
The bar diagram, Plate 120, shows the comparative
proportion of deaths from consumption at each age in
the registration area for 1900 and 1890. The death
rate from consumption for the registration area has
decreased from 245.4 per 100,000 of population in
1890 to 187.3 in 1900, but the diagram shows that in
six of the age groups the proportion of deaths increased,
the greatest increases being shown in the age periods
from 25 to 44 years. The greatest decrease is shown
in the periods from 15 to 24 years. The proportion of
deaths from consumption was very small for persons
less than 15 and over 69 years of age, the greatest pro­
portion being shown for the age periods from 20 to 39
years.
CA N C E R A N I) TU M O R .

Plates 103 and 104 show the death rate due to cancer
and tumor per 100,000 of population in 1900. Maine,
New Hampshire, and Vermont contain the most exten­
sive areas of the darkest shade, indicating the highest
death rates, although New York and Michigan each
had a number of counties with a high death rate. New
Jersey and the upper peninsula of Michigan had the
lowest death rate from these causes, only two counties
in the latter showing a death rate above 50 per 100,000
of population.
The death rate from cancer for the registration area
has increased from 47.9 per 100,000 of population in
1890 to 60.0 in 1900. The third diagram on Plate 121
represents the comparative proportion of deaths from
this cause at each age in the registration area, in 1900
and 1890, and shows a decrease in the proportion of
deaths for all of the age periods except five.. The most
noticeable increase shown was for the age period from
70 to 74 years. The largest proportion of deaths from
this disease occurred at advanced age periods, a very
small proportion being shown for persons less than 25
years.

63

dicating the highest death rates, exclusive of the Dis­
trict of Columbia, were in New Jersey, Massachusetts,
and New York (the death rate in each state from these
causes being over 45 per 100,000 of population), and the
largest areas of the lightest shade, indicating the lowest
death rate, in Vermont and Michigan, both states
having a death rate less than 23.
The death rate from these causes for the registration
area in 1900, 45.2 per 100,000 of population, was much
lower than in 1890, when it was 97.8.
The line diagram, Plate 115, shows the comparative
proportion of deaths from diphtheria and croup at
specified ages in the registration area, in 1900 and 1890.
The greatest proportion of deaths from these diseases
appeared in the ages below 15 years. The diagram
shows a slight increase in the proportion of deaths
for the periods less than 4 years of age, and slight de­
creases in nearly all the periods above 4 years of age.
Diphtheria in cities (Plate 115) had the highest death
rate (4.8) in December, and the lowest (2.4) in August,
while in the rural districts it was highest in November,
December, and January, each having practically the
same death rate (1.8). and lowest in June (0.7).
IN F L U E N Z A .

Plates 107 and 108 sKow, for 1900, the death rate due
to influenza per 100,000 of population. The most exten­
sive areas of the darkest shade, indicating the highest
rates, were found in Connecticut and Rhode Island.
Every county in the former state and all but one in the
latter were in the highest group, as were a number of
counties in Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and
Massachusetts. Michigan shows the most extensive
area of the lightest shade, indicating the lowest death
rate. The death rate from influenza in Rhode Island
was 75.6 and Connecticut 70.9, while in Michigan it
was only 17.3.
Plate 117 shows the death rates from influenza in
each month for cities and rural districts of the registra­
tion states in 1900. The highest death rate (8.6) from
influenza in cities was found in March, and the lowest
(0.1) in July, August, and September. In rural dis­
tricts the highest rate (11.7) was found in April, and
the lowest rate (0.3) in the months of August and
September.
The general death rate for the registration area from
influenza in 1900 was 23.9 per 100,000 of population.
Deaths from this cause were not reported separately in
1890.
T Y P H O ID

FEVER.

Plates 109 and 110 show the death rate due to typhoid
fever per 100,000 of population in 1900. The heavy
shades, indicating those counties in which the death rate
D IP H T H E R I A A N D C R O U P .
from this disease was highest, are scattered through all
Plates 105 and 106, representing the death rate per the registration states. Excluding the District of Co­
100,000 of population due to diphtheria and croup, show lumbia, Vermont and Maine had the highest death rate,
that the most extensive areas of the darkest shade, in­ and New Hampshire and New Jersey the lowest.

STATISTICAL ATLAS.

64

The highest death rate (3.3) from this disease in cities,
illustrated on Plate 117, is indicated in the months of
September and October, and the lowest (1.1) in June,
while in the rural districts the highest rate was in Octo­
ber, and the lowest in June, practically the same as in

The death rate fo r the registration area from whoop­
ing cough per 100,000 of population has decreased from
15.8 in 1890 to 12.7 in 1900.

the cities.
The line diagram on Plate 117 shows the comparative
proportion o f deaths from typhoid fever at each age in
the registration area, in 1900 and 1890.
hile the
death rate in the registration area from this fever has
decreased from -16.3 per 100,000 o f population in 1890
to 33.8 in 1900, a number o f the age groups on the dia­
gram show a higher proportion of deaths in 1900 than in
1890. Large decreases w ill be noted in the age periods
from 15 to 29 years, which show the largest proportion
o f deaths from this disease. The age periods from 30
to 71 show the greatest increases in the death rate from
typhoid fever, and slight increases and decreases are
indicated in several o f the other groups.

In cities deaths from malarial fever were most nu­
merous in the month o f September, the rate for that
month being 0.7, and fewest from December to M ay, as
shown by the circular diagrams on Plate 116, the rates
fo r these months ranging from 0.3 to 0.4. In rural
districts the highest rate was in October and the lowest
in the months from December to June, the death rate
in these months being very nearly the same.
The death rate fo r the registration area from this
disease was lower fo r 1900 than 1890, having decreased
from 19.2 per 100,000 o f population to 8.8.
Diagram 2, Plate 116, shows the comparative pro­
portion of deaths from malarial fe ve r at each age in the
registration area in 1900 and 1890. In the age period
less than 1 year the death rate was much higher fo r
1900 than fo r 1890. The age periods showing an in­
crease since 1890 are 1 to 4 years, 20 to 24, 45 to 49,
and 65 to 89, inclusive. The age periods from 10 to 19
show the largest decreases, the decreases in the remain­
ing age periods being very small. The largest propor­
tions o f deaths from this disease are noted fo r the ages
from 20 to 24 years and less than 1 year.

M EASLES.

Diagram 2, Plate 111, represents the death rates from
measles in each month fo r cities and rural districts of
the registration states in 1900, and shows that in cities
the death rate from measles was highest in March (2.7),
and lowest in October (0.1); in the rural districts it was
highest in March (1.8), and lowest in September (0.1).
The death rate from this cause fo r the registration
area per 100,000 o f population has decreased from 13.5
in 1890 to 13.2 in 1900.

M A L A R IA L F E V E R .

C E R E B R O -S P IN A L F E V E R .

The circular diagrams on Plate 118 show the death
rates from cerebro-spinal fever in each month fo r cities
SC A R LE T F E V E R .
and rural districts o f the registration states in 1900.
The first set of circular diagrams on Plate 115 shows
The death rate in cities was highest (1.1) in June and
the death rates from scarlet fever, by months, fo r cities
July and lowest (0.4) in December and January. In
and rural districts of the registration states in 1900.
the rural districts June had much the highest death rate
Deaths from this fever were most prevalent in cities in
(1.0) and Novem ber, December, February, March, and
the month o f February, the rate fo r that month being
A p ril the lowest, the rates fo r each o f these months
1.8, while the lowest rate (0.1) was for the month of
being the same (0.5).
September; in the rural districts February and March
Bar diagram 2, Plate 118, shows the comparative pro­
had the highest death rates (0.9) and July, August, and
portion o f deaths from cerebro-spinal fe ve r at each age
September the lowest (0.3).
period in the registration area, 1900 and 1890. The
The death rate fo r the registration area from scarlet
death rates have decreased in a m ajority o f the age
fever has decreased from 13.6 per 100,000 of popula­
groups; however, it is also true that the death rate in
tion in 1890 to 11.6 in 1900.
the registration area from this disease has increased
from 6.3 per 100,000 o f population in 1890 to 7.1 in
W H O O P IN G COUGH.
1900. The greatest proportion o f deaths from this dis­
The first pair o f circular diagrams on Plate 116 shows ! ease was found to be in the low er age periods, and was
especially large among children less than ly e a r o f age.
the death rates from this disease in each month for
cities and rural districts o f the registration states in
E R Y S IP E L A S .
1900. The diagram shows a singular condition in rela­
The second, line diagram on Plate 118 shows the com­
tion to the highest death rate from whooping cough
parative
proportion o f deaths from erysipelas at each
in cities, as two w idely separated months, March and
August, had the highest rate (2.0), and October and
age in the registration area in 1900 and 1890.
Novem ber the lowest (0.8). In the rural districts the ^ The death rate fo r the registration area from this dis­
ease shows a slight decrease, from 5.4 per 100,000 o f
highest death rate was in August (1.3), and the lowest
in the month of October (0.6).
population in 1890 to 5.1 in 1900. but nearly one-half

VITAL STATISTICS.
the age groups show an increase in the proportion of
deaths in 1900 over 1890. The proportion of deaths
from erysipelas was exceptionally large among children
less than 1 year of age.
OLD

age groups. An increase in the death rate is especially
noticeable in the age period from 60 to 64 years. Com
paratively few deaths occurred from this disease in the
age periods below 5 years, the age groups from 50 to
74 years showing large percentages of deaths.

AGE.

Diagram 1, Plate 119, shows the death rates from old
age in each month for cities and rural districts of the
registration states in 1900, and brings out the fact that
the death rate from old age, in both cities and rural dis­
tricts, was highest in March and lowest in July. It is
also true that the rates for rural districts were almost
double those for corresponding months in cities. The
death rate for the registration area from old age in 1900,
54.0 per 100,000 of population, was greater than in 1890,
when it was 44.9.
D IA R R H E A L

65

D IS E A S E S .

From diarrheal diseases (Plate 119) the death rate in
cities was highest in July (49.8) and lowest in the winter
months, while in the rural districts it was highest in
August (27.7) and lowest in the winter months. The
death rate for the registration area from these diseases
has decreased from 183.7 per 100,000 of population in
1890 to 132.8 in 1900.
Diagram 2, Plate 119, represents the comparative pro­
portion of deaths from diarrheal diseases (excluding
cholera infantum) for ages 2 years and over in the regis­
tration area in 1900 and 1890. The proportion of deaths
from diarrheal diseases has increased for ages below 5
years and above 64 years, and decreased for the ages
from 5 to 64 years. The diagram also shows that the
proportion of deaths from these causes was very large
for children from 2 to 3 years and for adults from 65 to
79 years of age.
PNEUM ONIA.

The death rate for the registration area from pneu­
monia was larger in 1900 than in 1890, having increased
from 186.9 to 192.0 per 100,000 of population.
The second bar diagram on Plate 120 represents the
comparative proportion of deaths from pneumonia at
each age in 1900 and 1890. The diagram shows large
increases in the proportion of deaths for persons less
than 3 years of age; for a majority of the age periods
shown on the diagram the proportion of deaths in 1890
was larger than for 1900. The largest proportion of
deaths from this disease is shown for children less than
1 year of age.
D IA B E T E S .

The death rate for the registration area from diabetes
has increased from 5.5 per 100,000 of population in
1890 to 9.3 in 1900.
The first diagram on Plate 121 shows the comparative
proportion of deaths from this disease at each age in
the registration area in 1900 and 1890, and indicates a
decrease in the proportion of deaths in a majority of the

SCROFULA

AND

TABES.

The death rate for the registration area from these
causes has decreased from 6.7 per 100,000 of population
in 1890 to 3.6 in 1900.
The second diagram on Plate 121 represents the com­
parative proportion of deaths at each age period from
scrofula and tabes in 1900 and 1890, and shows an in­
crease in the proportion of deaths for nearly ever}7age
group, the most noticeable exceptions being for children
less than 1 year, 1, and 2 years of age, each of which
shows a considerable decrease as compared with 1890.
A large proportion of deaths from these causes is indi­
cated for the lowest age period.
D IS E A S E S O F T H E

N E R V O U S SYSTEM .

The circular diagrams on Plate 122, representing the
death rates from diseases of the nervous system in each
month for cities and rural districts of the registration
states in 1900, show but slight variations throughout
the year in both cities'and rural districts, the highest
rates occurring in March and April, each being over
20; and the lowest in November, both less than 17.
The death rate per 100,000 of population from these
causes in the registration area has decreased from 247.4
in 1890 to 217.2 in 1900.
D IS E A S E S O F T H E

C IR C U L A T O R Y S Y S T E M .

The circular diagram on Plate 122, representing the
death rates from diseases of the circulatory system in
the registration states, shows that it was highest in
March for both cities and rural districts, both being
over 16; while the lowest rate for the city districts (9.9)
was in August, and for the rural districts (11.8) in Sep­
tember and October.
The death rate from these causes for the registra­
tion area has increased from 134.2 per 100,000 of popu­
lation in 1890 to 150.1 in 1900.
A P O P L E X Y A N D P A R A L Y S IS .

The death rate from apoplexy and paralysis per
100,000 of population for the registration area has
increased from 84.5 in 1890 to 99.4 in 1900.
Diagram 2, Plate 122, shows the comparative pro­
portion of deaths from apoplexy and paralysis at each
age in the registration area in 1900 and 1890. A slight
increase in a number of the age periods is shown, the
most marked being in the groups from 55 to 59, and 70
to 74 years, the differences in the other periods beingslight. The proportion of deaths from these causes was
very small in the lower age groups, and very large in
the groups from 60 to 79 years.

STATISTICAL ATLAS.

66
DISEASES O F T H E

R E S P IR A T O R Y SYSTEM .

Diagram 1, Plate 123, shows the death rates from dis­
eases o f the respiratory system in each month fo r cities
and rural districts o f the registration states in 1900.
In cities the highest death rate (5-1.0) occurred in the
month o f March, and the lowest (11.0) in the month of
August, while in rural districts A p ril had the highest
rate (35.1) and July and August the lowest (5.-1).
The death rate fo r the registration area, from diseases
o f the respiratory system, has greatly decreased, being
279.5 per 100,000 o f population in 1900, and 330.3 in
1890.
B R O N C H IT IS .

The death rate from bronchitis fo r the registration
area shows a decrease from 74.4 per 100,000 of popula­
tion in 1890 to 48.3 in 1900.
The diagram fo r this disease, Plate 123, shows very
few increases in the death rates in 1900, the most marked
being in the rate fo r children less than 1 year o f age.
The diagram brings out the fact that a large proportion
of deaths from this disease occurred among children less
than 3 years o f age.
H E A R T D ISEASE A N D D RO PSY.

The death rate for the registration area from heart
disease and drops}7has increased from 132.1 per 100,000
o f population in 1890 to 140.9 in 1900.
The line diagram on Plate 123, representing the com­
parative proportion o f deaths from these diseases, at
each age in the registration area in 1900 and 1890, shows
increases in the advanced age groups, from 55 to 89
years, and but slight differences in the other groups,
those for less than 1 year and fo r 4 years indicating
but small increases. The greatest proportion o f deaths
from these causes occurred at advanced ages.
DISEASES O F T H E

D IG E S T IV E SYSTEM .

Diagram 1, Plate 124, represents the death rates from
diseases o f the digestive system in each month fo r cities
and rural districts o f the registration states in 1900.
'these death rates show but slight variations during the
vear fo r both cities and rural districts. The highest
rate (8.7) fo r cities was in the month o f March, and the
lowest (7.1) in the month of November. In the rural
districts the highest rate (8.3) was in M ay and August,
and the lowest (6.6) in February. Considerable differ­
ence is shown between the two areas in a number of
months.
The death rate fo r the registration area from diseases
of this class has increased from 91.5 per 100,000 o f pop­
ulation in 1890 to 98.5 in 1900.

DISEASES OF T H E

L IV E R .

The death rate from diseases of the liver in the re g ­
istration area has decreased from 24.1 per 100,000 o f
population in 1890 to 22.7 in 1900.
Diagram 2, Plate 124, shows the comparative propor­
tion of deaths from diseases o f the liver, at each age in
the registration area in 1900 and 1890, and indicates
that there has been a slight increase fo r a m ajority of
the age periods. The greatest proportions o f deaths
from diseases o f the liver were fo r the ages from 50 to
69 years and less than 1 year.
D ISEASES OF T H E

BONES A N D JO IN TS.

The death rate from diseases o f the bones and joints
in the registration area has decreased but slightly, hav­
ing been 4.0 per 100,000 o f population in 1890 and 3.6
in 1900.
The diagram on Plate 124, representing the proportion
o f deaths from diseases o f the bones and joints, shows a
slight decrease in most o f the age periods below 15, and
a slight increase in a m ajority o f the groups above 14
years o f age. The largest proportion o f deaths from
these diseases was found in the ages from 5 to 24 years
and less than 1 year.
A C C ID E N T S A N D IN J U R IE S .

Diagram 1, Plate 125, represents the death rates from
accidents and injuries (excluding suicides) in each month
fo r cities and rural districts o f the registration states in
1900, and shows that in cities the death rate from these
causes was highest in the months o f June (7.9) and July
(7.5) and lowest in January, February, and March. In
the rural districts it was highest in the months o f July
(7.6) and August (7.8) and lowest in December, January,
and Februarv.
The death rate from these causes per 100,000 o f pop­
ulation in the registration area has increased from 91.9
! in 1890 to 96.0 in 1900.
S U IC ID E .

F or the registration states, the death rate from sui­
cide, as shown on Plate 125, was highest in cities in A p ril
and M ay (1.1) and lowest in December and February
(0.7); in the rural districts it was highest in M ay (1.0)
and lowest in Novem ber and February (0.6).
In the registration area the death rate from this
cause per 100,000 o f population has increased from 10.3
in 1890 to 11.8 in 1900.
Diagram 2, Plate 125, represents the comparative
proportion o f deaths from suicide at specified ages
in the registration area in 1900 and 1890, and shows
that in the age groups less than 15, 15 to 19, 30 to 44,
70 to 74, and 80 to 84, the death rate from suicide has
increased.

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