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U N IT E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
Frances Perkins, Secretary
B U R E A U OF L A B O R ST A T IS T IC S
Isador Lubin, Commissioner (on leave)
A . F. Hinrichs, A cting Commissioner
in cooperation w ith
W O R K PROJECTS A D M IN IS T R A T IO N
+
Salaries and Hours o f Labor
in M unicipal Fire Departments
J u ly 1, 1938
VOLUME II
Middle Atlantic Cities
Part I— N e w Y o rk C ity
Part II— Sixty-seven Cities W ith Populations Greater Than 25,000
Part III— Appendix
+
Prepared by the
D IVISIO N OF C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D PUBLIC E M PLO YM EN T
H E R M A N B. B Y E R , Chief
B ulletin N o . 684
U N IT E D ST A T E S
G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G OFFICE
W A S H IN G T O N : 1941
For sale by the Superintendent o f Documents, Washington, D . C.
-
-
Price 10 cents
UNITED STATES D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR
F ran ces P e r k in s , Secretary
+
B U R E A U OF L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S
I
L
sa d o r
H
A. F.
u b in
,
Commissioner (on leave)
,
in r ic h s
Acting Commissioner
Donald
Davenport,
Chief,
Employment and Occupa
tional Outlook Branch
Ary ness Joy, Chief, Prices and
Cost of Living Branch
Henry J. Fitzgerald, Chief,
Business M anagem ent
Branch
N. A r n o l d T o l i e s , C h i e f ,
Working Conditions and In
dustrial Relations Branch
Hugh S. Hanna, Chief, Edi
torial and Research
Sidney W . Wilcox, Chief Stat
istician
C H IE F S OF D IV IS IO N S
Herman B. Byer, Construction
and Public Employment
Charles F. Sharkey,
Law Information
Labor
J. M . Cutts, Wholesale Prices
Boris Stern, Labor Informa
tion. Bulletin
W . Duane Evans, Productivity
and Technological Develop
ments
Stella Stewart, Retail Prices
Swen Kjaer, Industrial Acci
dents
John J. Mahaney,
Tabulation
Robert J. Myers,
Hour Statistics
Machine
Wage and
Florence Peterson, Industrial
Relations
Lewis E. Talbert,
ment Statistics
Employ
Em m ett H. Welch,
tional Outlook
Occupa
Faith M .
Living
Cost of
Williams,
+
S T A T E , C O U N T Y , A N D M U N IC IP A L S U R V E Y
J
ii
e ss e
M.
H
a d l e y
,
Director
CO N TEN TS
Pago
Summary_______________________________________________________________________
1
P art I
New York City
Level of salaries and salaries in various occupations________________________
Hours and working conditions:
Average hours on duty per week________________________________________
Two-platoon system ______________________________________________________
Two-platoon, 10-group system______________________________________________
Three-platoon system_____ __________________________________________________
Vacations with p a y _________________________________________________________
Distribution of employees and salaries__________________________________________
7
8
8
9
10
12
12
P art II
Sixty-seven Middle Atlantic Cities
Annual salaries:
General level of salaries__________________________________________________
Salaries in selected occupations_____________________________________________
Salaries of privates----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hours and working conditions:
Average hours on duty per week-------------------------------------------------------------Items supplied to firemen-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Vacations with pay__________________________________________________________
Promotions of lower-grade privates--------------------------------------------------------Distribution of employees and salaries:
Division and occupation____________________________________________________
Per capita distribution______________________________________________________
17
20
26
29
31
32
32
33
36
P art III
Appendix
T able A .— Number, salary rates, and total salaries in New York City, by
occupation____________ i ________________________________________
T able B.— Number and salary rates in selected occupations in New York
C ity ________________________________________________________________
T able C.— Sixty-seven cities covered by part I I ----------------------------------------------T able D .— Number of employees and annual salaries in cities of 500,000 or
more, by occupation______________________________________________
T able E .— Number of employees and annual salaries in cities of 100,000 to
500.000, by occupation____________________________________________
T able F.— Number of employees and annual salaries in cities of 50,000 to
100.000, by occupation____________________________________________
T able G.— Number of employees and annual salaries in cities of 25,000 to
50.000, by occupation_____________________________________________
T able H .— Average hours on duty in 67 cities, by occupational division—
T able I.— Total salaries and total number of employees in 67 cities----------
in
39
42
43
44
46
50
54
60
63
Letter of Transmittal
U n ited S ta tes D e p ar tm en t of L a b o r ,
B u r e a u of L abor S t a tist ic s ,
Washington, D. C., April 10, 1941 •
The S e c r e t a r y of L a b o r :
I have the honor to transmit herewith the second of a series of nine
reports on Salaries and Hours of Labor in Municipal Fire Depart
ments. This report covers cities in the M iddle Atlantic States. An
explanation of the purposes of the survey was given in the preface to
the first report, Volume I, New England Cities.
A. F. H in r ic h s , Acting Commissioner.
Hon. F ran c es P e r k in s ,
Secretary of Labor.
v
Bulletin 7\[o. 684 ( V 61. II) o f the
U nited States Bureau o f Labor Statistics
Salaries and H ours o f Labor in M unicipal Fire De
partments, M iddle A tlantic Cities, July 1, 1 9 3 8 1
Summary
This bulletin, which covers fire departments 2 in 68 cities in the
M iddle Atlantic States of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania,
is divided into three parts. Part I deals with New Y ork City, which
has been treated separately because it had almost as many fire-depart
ment employees as all the other 67 cities combined and paid much
higher salaries. Part II, covering 67 cities, includes all other cities
with a population of 25,000 or more in this region, except 4 cities for
which information was not available and 4 cities which did not have any
full-time fire-department employees but depended entirely on volun
teers or call men. Part III contains detailed statistical tabulations
for parts I and II. For the sake of brevity and comparability with
other reports in this series the 67 cities in part II have been divided into
4 population groups on the basis of the United States Census of Popula
tion for 1930. Group I includes cities with a population of 500,000
or m ore; group II, cities of 100,000 and under 500,000; group III,
cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of 25,000 and
under 50,000. The cities range in size from W oodridge, N . J., with
a population of 25,266 to Philadelphia, Pa., with 1,950,961 inhabitants
in 1930. The population of each city in 1930 is shown in appendix
table C.
The New York City fire department had 10,489 persons on its pay
roll on July 1, 1938, and at the rates of pay in effect at that time the
annual salaries for these workers totaled approximately $29,592,000.
Although the combined employment of 10,770 persons in fire depart
ments in the remaining 67 M iddle Atlantic cities was slightly higher
1 Analysis and presentation by Arthur Dadian.
Editing and tabulation of the data by Mahlon B.
Buckman. Carol P. Brainerd, technical adviser.
2 Relatively little general information is available on employment and salaries in city fire departments,
in spite of the importance of their functions and the considerable number of their employees. A study of
salaries and working conditions of fire department employees in 1934 was made by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics and was published in the Monthly Labor Review for November 1935. In the present study the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with the Work Projects Administration, undertook to compile
this information, as of July 1, 1938, for cities in the United States having a population of 25,000 or more.
This report for 6 8 Middle Atlantic Division cities is one of a series which is being issued by geographic
divisions.
1
2
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
than that for New Y ork City, total annual salary payments in these
departments were lower— only $24,148,000 as of July 1, 1938. In
New Y ork City there were 15 fire-department employees for every
10,000 inhabitants and the salary cost was $4.27 per capita. The
other 60 departments with complete full-time staffs (7 departments
had small full-time staffs supplemented by call men or volunteers)
had 14 employees per 10,000 inhabitants and the per capita cost
was only $3.13.3
The annual rates of pay in the New York City department ranged
from $840 for clerks to $12,500 for the commissioner who headed the
department, whereas in the other M iddle Atlantic cities the extremes
in salary rates were $600 and $7,500. The great m ajority of the
salaries were concentrated within much narrower ranges than these
extremes— 82 percent of all employees in the New Y ork City depart
ment received between $2,000 and $3,000 a year and 86 percent of
those in the other 67 departments were in the $1,000 interval beginning
at $1,550.
For almost all occupations the salaries were higher in New Y ork
C ity than in the other 67 cities in the M iddle Atlantic area. The dif
ferences were m ost pronounced among the higher ranking occupations.
For example, 55 of the 63 cities reporting chiefs or officers of equivalent
rank paid their department heads between $2,000 and $5,000 a year
and the remaining 8 cities between $5,000 and $7,500 a year. New
York City paid the head of its department $12,500. Captains in
New Y ork City received $4,500 a year, whereas those in the other
Middle Atlantic cities received between $1,550 and $4,050 a year and
98 percent of them were paid less than $3,250 a year. Lieutenants in
New Y ork C ity received $3,900, but those in the other M iddle
Atlantic cities received a maximum of $3,400 and 89 percent were
paid less than $2,750 a year.
The annual salary of $3,000 received by first-grade privates in
New Y ork C ity was higher than the annual salaries of captains in all
except 9 of the 55 M iddle Atlantic cities reporting captains, and was
higher than those of lieutenants in all but 3 of the 35 cities reporting
lieutenants.
T w o cities near New York City— M ount Vernon and Yonkers,
N . Y .— also paid their first-grade privates $3,000. Moreover, these
two cities had a larger proportion of all their privates in the first grade
than New Y ork City: 80 percent in M ount Vernon and 72 percent in
Yonkers, as compared with 55 percent in New Y ork City. They also
paid higher salaries than New Y ork City to the lower-grade privates.
As a result, the average annual salaries for all privates in these two
cities were higher than the average for New York City— $2,820 for
M ount Vernon, $2,830 for Yonkers, and $2,594 for New Y ork City.
3
All population figures are based on the U. S. Census oC Population for 1930.
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
3
A third city, New Rochelle, N. Y ., which paid its first-grade privates
$100 a year less than New York City, had an average for all privates
of $2,784, because New Rochelle had 80 percent of its privates in the
first grade and maintained higher salary rates than New Y ork City
for privates in the lower grades.
In comparing the annual salaries of firemen in New York City with
those of firemen in other cities, it should be borne in mind that New
Y ork City did not supply its firemen with any items of equipment
such as uniforms, rubber coats and boots, and helmets. On the
other hand, 8 of the 67 other M iddle Atlantic cities supplied uniforms
and 10 supplied cloth and trimmings for uniforms. All of the M iddle
Atlantic cities provided sleeping quarters for firemen on night duty,
but only 40 of them reported that they furnished the necessary bedding
and laundry.
On July 1, 1938, the uniformed force of the New Y ork City depart
ment was working under 3 different systems of rotating hours on duty:
(1) The regular 2-platoon system with an average of 84 hours on duty
per week; (2) the 2-platoon, 10-group system with an average of 67
hours on duty per week; and (3) the 3-platoon, 10-group system with
an average of 50.4 hours on duty per week. The nonuniformed
employees worked the same hours as other municipal employees.
In the other 67 cities 93.2 percent of all employees worked under
some variation of the 2-platoon system with average hours ranging
from 67 to 84 per week, 0.4 percent were under the single-platoon
system with average hours of 108 to 144 per week, and 6.4 were outside
the platoon system. M ost of this last group were nonuniformed em
ployees who had the same hours as other municipal workers, but a
few were on continuous duty.
The policy of giving vacations with pay was well established in
fire departments of M iddle Atlantic cities. All employees in New
Y ork City received vacations which averaged 21.7 days per year.
All but 10 of the 10,770 employees in the other 67 cities received paid
vacations. The average vacation period in these cities was 15.6 days
per year.
Privates in the New York City department were promoted auto
matically after their first year of service. Of the 60 other Middle
Atlantic departments which had privates, 52 promoted them auto
matically after a specified period of service, 4 after a civil-service
examination, 1 by appointment, and 3 started all their privates in
the first grade.
3 1 9 0 8 5 ° — 41------- 2
Part I
New York C ity
5
Level of Salaries and Salaries in Various Occupations
The annual salaries in the New Y ork City fire department ranged
from $840 received by 4 clerks to $12,500 received by the commis
sioner who was the administrative head of the department. There
was a pronounced concentration of salaries at 2 points: nearly 43
percent of the 10,489 employees of this department received $3,000 a
year and almost 28 percent received $2,000. Practically all of those
at the $3,000 rate were first-grade privates and likewise nearly all of
those receiving $2,000 were privates of the third and lower grades.
Privates in the second grade, who were paid $2,500 a year, composed
an additional 7 percent of all employees. In brief, nearly 5 out of
every, 6 employees in the New York City department were paid be
tween $2,000 and $3,000 a year in 1938, and 94 percent of the em
ployees in this salary range were privates. N ot quite 2 percent of all
employees received $1,938 or less per year, and about 16 percent were
paid more than $3,000.
T a b l e 1. — D istrib u tio n o f em p lo yees in the N e w
Y ork
C ity fire
depa rtm ent , b y
sa la ry , J u ly 1 , 1 9 3 8
Employees
Salary class
All salaries.
___
N um
ber
___________ 110,489
Under $1,650__________________
$1,650 and under $1,750_________
$1,750 and under $1,850________
$1,850 and under $1,950. ___ __
$1,950 and under $2,050_________
$2,050 and under $2,150______ _
$2,150 and under $2,250_________
$2,250 and under $2,350
____
$2,350 and under $2,450____ ____
$2,450 and under $2,550___ _____
$2,550 and under $2,650_________
$2,650 and under $2,750 _____ _
$2,750 and under $2,850_____ _
$2,850 and under $2,950_________
$2,950 and under $3,050_________
$3,050 and under $3,150_________
$3,150 and under $3,250_________
$3,250 and under $3,350_________
$3,350 and under $3,450_________
93
44
17
20
2,950
19
68
75
134
822
30
5
13
29
4,489
20
10
19
107
Employees
Percent
age
1 0 0 .0
.9
.4
.2
.2
28.1
.2
.6
.7
1.3
7.8
.3
.1
.1
.3
42.8
.2
.1
.2
1 .0
Salary class
Num Percent
ber
age
$3,450 and under $3,550__ ______
$3,550 and under $3,650. .
__
$3,650 and under $3,750.. __ __
$3,750 and under $3,850________
$3,850 and under $3,950____ ____
$3,950 and under $4,050_____ _
$4,050 and under $4,150________
$4,150 and under $4,250______ _
$4,250 and under $4,350___ _____
$4,350 and under $4,450... _____
$4,450 and under $4,550________
$4,550 and under $4,650________
$4,650 and under $4,750__ ____
$4,750 and under $4,850_________
$4,850 and under $4,950________
$4,950 and under $5,050. .. . . _
$5,050 and under $5,150___ ___
$5,150 and under $5,250________
$5,250 and under $5,350... ____
$5,350 and over_____ _____ _ _
38
3
2
2
931
1
(2)
(2)
(2)
1
3
(2)
(2)
0.4
8.9
(2)
354
3.4
1
(2)
1
136
3 52
(2)
1.3
.5
1 Includes only full-time employees.
2 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
2 Includes 1 at $5,460, 1 at $6,000, 45 at $6,300, 1 at $7,300, 2 at $7,500, 1 at $8,000, and 1 at $12,500.
Next to privates in numerical importance were 931 lieutenants
whose annual rate of pay was $3,900 on July 1, 1938. The New York
City department also had 354 captains who received $4,500. The
7
8
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
group receiving $5,000 or more was composed in the main of higher
ranking officers. Salary rates for each occupation in the New Y ork
C ity department are shown in appendix tables A and B.
The annual salary rates did not represent net salaries, because the
firemen in New York City had to pay for their uniforms and other
necessary items, such as rubber boots, rubber coats, and helmets.
Hours and Working Conditions
Average Hours on D uty Per Week 4
In 1937 New Y ork City passed a law which made mandatory the
installation of the 3-platoon system of hours on duty for firemen of
all grades and to officers ranking as high as deputy chief. The primary
purpose of the 3-platoon system is to give the firemen an 8-hour day,
with a day off each week. A t the time this law was passed the city
was operating under a 2-platoon system with an average of 84 hours
on duty per week. In a fire department as large as that of New Y ork
City, it is a difficult and time-consuming task to make such a drastic
reduction in hours on duty per week and at the same time provide
adequate fire protection. T o facilitate this transition, a part of the
force was placed under a variation of the 2-platoon system called the
10-group system which eliminated the continuous 24-hour tour of
duty and averaged 67 hours on duty per week. A t the time of this
study, the New Y ork City fire department was still in the transition
stage and all 3 systems of hours were in operation. N o data were
available as to the number of firemen operating under each of these
systems.
TwcvPlatoon System
Under the original 2-platoon system, every 6 days the firemen in
the first platoon had two tours of night duty of 15 hours each, one
continuous tour of 24 hours, two tours of day duty of 9 hours each,
and one continuous period of 24 hours off duty. The 24-hour tour of
continuous duty was a combination of the third night tour of 15 hours
and the first day tour of 9 hours. This combination was necessary
to effect the shift on the third day from a night to day tour of duty.
Thus in 6 days the firemen were on duty a total of 72 hours. This
averaged 12 hours a day and over a period of 2 weeks resulted in an
average work-week of 84 hours. The firemen working in the second
platoon supplemented the hours worked b y those in the first, so that
the same number of firemen were on duty at all times. This system
of operation is illustrated in chart I.
4 For a discussion of hours of firemen throughout the United States, see “ Hours of Work of Municipal
Firemen in the United States,” Monthly Labor Review, July 1940, pp. 13-26.
9
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
C h a r t I . — T w o -p la to o n s y s t e m s h i f t on third d a y, N e w Y o r k C ity , J u ly 1, 1 9 8 8
a. :m.
P. m.
Day
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
P- m.
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
5
Platoon number
________
________
3________
4________
5________
6 ________
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
i
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
Two-Platoon, Ten-Group System
Under the 2-platoon, 10-group system, instituted to facilitate the
transition from the regular 2-platoon to the 3-platoon system, the
C h a r t I I. — T w o -p la too n , 1 0 -g ro u p system , N e w Y o r k C ity , J u ly 1, 1 9 3 8
10
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
firemen were first divided into 2 platoons: a night platoon with a 15hour tour of duty starting at 6 p. m. and a day platoon with a 9-hour
tour starting at 9 a. m. T o eliminate the continuous 24-hour tour of
duty that prevailed under the regular 2-platoon system, the firemen
were divided into 10 groups of equal size. A fireman assigned to one
of these groups did not stay on the same tour or platoon constantly,
but worked on the night tour for 4 days and the day tour for 4 days
with a total of 24 hours off duty between the shift from night to day
tour, and a total of 48 hours off duty between the shift from the day
to the night tour. Thus, it took a fireman 10 days to complete the
cycle. Each group worked the same schedule of hours over a 10-day
period, with an interval of a day between the starting of each group.
Because of this rotation there was always the same number of firemen
on duty, 4 groups being on night duty and 4 groups on day duty.
Chart II shows the operation of this system over a 10-day cycle for
both platoons and each of the 10 groups.
Three-Platoon System
Under the 3-platoon system the firemen were divided into 3 pla
toons and the day was divided into three 8-hour tours of duty, start
ing at midnight, 4 p. m., and 8 a. m. A platoon was assigned to
each of the tours. So that the city might be equally protected at all
times, the firemen were further divided into 10 groups. Over a period
of 20 days each of the 10 groups had the same schedule of hours,
but there was an interval of 2 days between the schedule of each group.
B y rotating the groups in this way, the fire department had 3 groups
on duty constantly on each of the 3 tours, or a total of 9 groups on
duty every 24 hours. Chart III shows in detail the operation of
this system.
A fireman did not work on any one of the 3 tours constantly, but
was shifted from one to the other once every 6% days. The 6% days
on each tour was made up of 6 periods of 8 hours on and 16 hours off
duty, followed by 16 additional hours off duty after the sixth working
period. It was because of the continuous period of 32 hours off duty
between the shifts that a fireman finishing with the tour which ended
at 8 a. m., started his next tour at 4 p. m. rather than at 8 a. m.
T o go through the three tours of 6% days each, took a fireman 20
days with eighteen 8-hour periods on duty. Thus, a fireman worked
a total of 144 hours in 20 days, or an average of 7.2 hours a day and
50.4 hours a week.
11
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
C
h a r t III.—
12
1
2
T h ree-platoon , 1 0 -g ro u p system , N e w Y o rk C ity, J u ly 1, 1 9 S 8
3
4
5
6
7
First platoon, 8 hours on
duty, midnight to 8 a. m
Day
9
8
10
|1 2
11
1
2
3
Second platoon, 8 hours on
duty, 8 a. m. to 4 p. m.
4
5
7
6
9
8
11
10
Third platoon, 8 hours on
duty, 4 p . m. to 1 2 p. m.
Group number
1
_______
1
9
10
2
_______
1
9
10
3_______
4_______
5_______
6
8
_______
9_______
10
11
12
____ --
______
______
13______
16______
20
______
1
9
10
1
9
10
1
9
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
1
2
10
1
1
1
1
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
1
2
1
2
10
10
1
1
10
2
2
2
3
1
2
2
3
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
1
1
1
3
4
2
3
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
3
4
3
4
5
5
5
3
4
5
3
4
3
4
3
4
5
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
5
6
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
3
4
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
3
4
5
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
7
9
9
9
9
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
7
7
7
7
5
5
8
8
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
6
4
5
4
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
5
5
6
6
2
1
2
2
2
6
3
3
3
3
7
7
7
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
2
2
2
3
4
2
2
3
4
2
2
2
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
2
2
3
4
3
4
2
3
4
2
2
3
4
2
2
3
4
2
3
4
3
4
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
5
3
4
5
5
5
5
5
8
3
4
3
4
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
7
7
6
6
3
7
6
7
7
7
7
6
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
7
9
7
9
7
9
7
7
9
9
9
9
6
7
6
1
2
6
6
8
7
4
5
3
6
6
8
7
6
4
6
6
8
3
4
7
9
8
9
10
8
9
10
9
8
9
10
8
10
1
9
9
9
8
9
1
1
8
10
10
9
10
9
10
1
9
9
1
9
10
1
9
9
9
7
7
8
8
9
8
8
10
10
9
8
9
10
1
9
10
1
9
7
8
9
9
8
9
10
1
9
10
1
9
10
9
8
9
10
8
9
10
1
9
10
1
9
7
8
7
8
9
8
9
10
8
9
10
1
9
10
1
9
8
10
10
10
6
1
2
10
1
2
10
1
1
1
1
1
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
1
2
10
1
1
1
1
1
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
9
10
10
7
8
9
10
1
2
9
7
8
9
8
9
10
8
9
10
1
9
10
1
9
10
1
2
10
10
1
2
10
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
5
4
5
4
5
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
6
6
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
3
3
3
3
4
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
9
7
8
9
8
8
8
8
10
10
10
1
9
10
1
1
9
10
1
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
10
10
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
1
2
10
1
2
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
9
1
9
10
1
9
1
9
10
10
10
1
1
2
10
1
2
1
2
10
1
2
10
1
2
10
1
2
10
1
2
10
8
9
9
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
1
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
2
2
2
2
9
9
3
3
3
3
1
2
2
9
8
8
8
10
10
10
9
8
9
10
9
8
9
10
9
8
9
10
8
9
10
8
9
10
9
8
9
10
8
9
10
319085°— 41 -------3
9
8
8
10
10
9
8
9
10
9
8
9
10
9
9
1
2
10
10
1
2
10
1
1
1
1
8
9
10
8
9
10
1
2
3
2
3
4
1
3'* 3
2
3
4
1
2
3
9
2
10
1
2
10
1
1
9
10
1
7
9
1
9
10
8
9
10
10
9
9
9
1
8
7
8
1
9
10
8
10
9
10
9
9
7
1
2
1
9
10
9
9
7
8
10
9
1
9
7
8
10
7
8
9
10
9
8
7
9
7
8
8
6
7
9
7
8
10
9
7
7
9
7
8
8
8
7
7
8
10
7
6
6
7
8
8
9
19______
1
9
10
9
2
10
9
18______
1
9
10
1
10
9
1
8
17______
9
1
10
2
10
7
15______
1
10
1
9
10
1
7
14______
1
9
10
1
9
10
2
1
7_______
1
9
10
1
9
10
10
1
_______
1
9
10
9
10
1
2
10
1
1
9
1
2
10
1
2
2
3
4
3
4
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
4
2
2
2
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
3
4
5
5
4
2
2
5
2
2
2
3
4
2
5
5
5
5
4
5
4
4
5
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
5
4
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
4
5
4
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
2
1
2
2
1
2
3
3
3
3
6
1
2
1
2
1
2
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
3
3
1
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
7
7
7
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
6
12
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
Vacations With Pay
All employees in the New York City fire department received vaca
tions with pay which ranged in length from 15 to 30 days a year. The
most usual vacation period was 21 days, nearly four-fifths of the de
partment being entitled to 3 weeks of vacation. About 17 percent
more received 25 days a year. The average for the entire department
was 21.7 days of vacation per year.
T a b l e %.— D istr ib u tio n o f em p lo ye es in the N e w Y o r k C ity fire d epa rtm ent, b y d a ys
o f vacation with p a y , J u l y 1, 1 9 8 8
Employees
Number of days of vacation with pay
Number
Total
___________ ______________ _________________ ____________ _____
15________________________________________________________________________
16.5______________________________________________________________________
18
_
__________________________________________________________
2 1 ________________________________________________________________________
25________________________ _______ ____ ___________________________________
30-. - _____ __________________________________________________________
10,489
100
75
38
8,332
1,761
183
Percentage
1 0 0 .0
1 .0
.7
.4
79.4
16.8
1.7
Distribution of Employees and Salaries
In New York City 93 percent of the fire-department employees
were in the fire-fighting division and they received 94 percent of all
the salaries paid. Privates constituted over 77 percent of all employ
ees, but received less than 71 percent of the total salaries. Although
supervisory personnel comprised little more than 14 percent of all
employees, they received over 21 percent of the total salary expendi
tures as of July 1, 1938. In general, larger cities have relatively fewer
officers than smaller cities, but a comparison of New York City with
other cities in the Middle Atlantic region shows that the New York
City department had a larger proportion of officers than the three
other Middle Atlantic cities with a population of 500,000 or more.
The proportion of supervisory employees in New York City, however,
was lower than it was in the cities comprising groups II, III, and IV in
this region.
The 7 percent of the employees outside the fire-fighting division
were engaged in fire-prevention, clerical, and miscellaneous work or in
operating and maintaining apparatus and the fire-alarm system. New
York City had a proportionately larger fire-prevention division than
any of the city groups in the Middle Atlantic region.
13
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
T
a b l e
3 .—
Percentage d istribu tion s o f em p lo yees and total sala ries in sp ecified
division s o f the N e w Y o rk C ity fire d epa rtm en t, J u ly 1, 1 9 3 8
Percentage dis
tribution of—
Percentage dis
tribution of—
Division and occupation
divisions. _ .
_____
•e fighting___ ______________
Chiefs______ ____ . . ____
Assistant or deputy chiefs___
Assistant deputy chiefs_____
Battalion chiefs___
Captains___ _______________
Lieutenants.
__________
Pilots_____________________
Engineers, fire engine__ ____
Engineers, marine_____ ____
1
Less than Ho of
1
percent.
Em
ploy
ees
Total
salaries
100.0
100.0
93.0
94.0
)
)
.1
.1
.9
2.4
5.4
12.3
.4
.4
.7
0
0
.5
1.3
3.4
8.9
.3
.4
.6
Division and occupation
Fire fighting—Continued.
Privates:
1 st grade________
2 d grade_________
3d grade_________
4th grade________
Probationary____
Miscellaneous_______
Fire prevention.
Apparatus____
Fire alarm____
Clerical_______
Miscellaneous..
Em
ploy-
Total
salaries
42.3
7.1
16.8
8.4
45.0
6.3
11.9
5.9
2.6
1.8
.4
.4
1.8
1.6
1. 3
2. 3
1. 1
2.1
1.1
.8
.5
.4
Part II
Sixty-seven Middle Atlantic Cities
15
Annual Salaries
General Level of Salaries
Annual salaries in the 67 Middle Atlantic cities with a population of
25,000 or more ranged from $600 received by acharwoman in Rochester,
N. Y., to $7,500 received by the fire chief in Philadelphia, Pa. Most
of the salaries, however, were concentrated within a smaller range;
approximately 86 percent were from $1,550 to $2,550. This con
centration was due primarily to the high proportion of employees
in the one occupational category of privates, and also to the small
differences in the salaries of privates and some of the other major
occupational groups.
Although the range of salaries was wider in the large than in the
small cities, the concentration of salaries was more pronounced in the
larger places than in the ones with less population. This is clearly
illustrated in the cumulative chart on page 18. The steepness of the
curve for cities with a population of 500,000 or more indicates that
three-fifths of all fire-department employees in these cities received
annual salaries within the $100 interval beginning at $2,150. There
were only 3 cities in this population group, and first-grade privates in
2 of them— Buffalo and Philadelphia— were paid $2,200 and $2,190
a year, respectively. In all of the other population groups there were
larger numbers of cities, so that even though within each city there
was a similar concentration at the salary rate for privates, the com
bination of salaries for the several cities resulted in a more even dis
tribution for the entire population group than was the case in cities of
group I.
In cities with a population of 100,000 to 500,000 there were 2 points
of almost equal concentration in the distribution, i. e., 22 percent of all
salaries were between $1,950 and $2,050 and nearly 19 percent, between
$2,450 and $2,550. This latter salary interval was also the point of
maximum concentration in the distributions for the 2 groups of
smaller cities, containing 17 percent of all salaries in group III and
nearly 21 percent of all those in group IV. Practically as many of the
salaries in group IV, however, were in the $100 interval beginning
at $1,750.
The salary distributions shown in the chart are rather unusual in
that the median salary was about the same for all population groups.
Regardless of the size of the city, approximately half of the firemen in
the Middle Atlantic cities were paid less than $2,200 a year and half
were paid more than that amount. Below the $2,200 mark there was a
noticeable correlation between population group and salary rate—
17
00
EMPLOYEES IN FIRE DEPARTMENTS OF 6 7 MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
BY SALARY AND SIZE OF CITY
J*ULY I. 1938
PERCENT OF EMPLOYEES
PERCENT OF EMPLOYEES
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
1050
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
1550
2050
2550
______________________________________ SALARY IN DOLLARS
3050
3550
4050
19
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
the larger the city, the higher the salary. This is indicated by the
position of the cumulative curves on the chart; the curves for the cities
having the higher salary scales appear toward the right of the chart.
Thus, for salaries below $2,200, cities in group I are at the extreme
right and the other curves appear to the left as the cities decrease in
size, so that at the extreme left are the cities of 25,000 to 50,000 which
composed group IV.
T a b l e 4. — D istr ib u tio n o f em p lo yees in fire departm ents o f 6 7 M id d le A tla n tic
cities , by sala ry and size o f c ity , J u l y 1 , 1 9 8 8
Number of employees
Salary class
All
cities
All salaries____________________ 310,770
Under $950 _ ________
$950 and under $1,050___________
$1,050 and under $1,150___ ______
$1,150 and under $1,250__
$1,250 and under $1,350 __ __ __
$1,350 and under $1,450__
__ _
$1,450 and under $1,550_________
$1,550 and under $1,650_________
$1,650 and under $1,750_________
$1,750 and under $1,850_________
85
City group
I
3, 385
2, 303
78
1
6
2
2
6
2
20
10
4
105
167
403
702
159
$1,850 and under $1,950_________
$1,950 and under $2,050_________
$2,050 and under $2,150________
$2,150 and under $2,250__ _______
$2,250 and under $2,350 ________
497
1,048
662
2,616
1,204
55
48
2,266
644
$2,350 and under
$2,450 and under
$2,550 and under
$2,650 and under
$2,750 and under
$2,450______
$2,550_________
$2,650_________
$2,750_________
$2,850_________
523
1, 394
69
327
190
$2,850 and under
$2,950 and under
$3,050 and under
$3,150 and under
$3,250 and under
$2,950_________
$3,050
$3,150__
___
$3,250_________
$3,350_________
155
10
7
21
12
98
93
2
180
$3,350 and under $3,450 _
$3,450 and under $3,550
$3,550 and under $3,650_________
$3,650 and under $3,750 _
___
$3,750 and under $3,850 _
__
40
16
____
$3,850 and under $3,950
$3,950 and under $4,050 _______ _
$4,050 and over_________________
1
11
4
8
32
42
19
35
71
261
752
446
138
343
197
639
50
51
1
2
56
19
59
155
255
152
150
140
160
72
40
18
72
57
177
391
51
271
11
6
74
54
16
29
5
25
25
13
2
8
1
6
2
1
26
618
8
20
11
2
2
6
3
2
5
5
7 13
I
1 0 0 .0
II
1 0 0 .0
(4)
2 .1
.1
.2
.2
.1
.1
2
14
132
16
83
3
62
11
12
56
82
192
217
201
City group
(4)
3
6
1 0 0 .0
.8
55
76
22
18
1, 304
41
91
1
211
52
141
24
4
20
All
cities
IV
3, 778
9
Percentage of employees
2
III
II
1
1
1
3
5
1 .0
1 .6
.1
.5
4.2
4.6
9.7
.3
1.4
1.3
60.0
17.0
24.3
1 1 .2
4.9
12.9
.6
3.0
.6
.6
1 .0
2 .1
.2
3.7
6.5
6 .1
.1
.3
7.7
2 2 .2
13.2
4.1
1 0 .1
5.8
18.9
1.5
1.5
2 .6
2.5
.1
1 .8
4.7
(4)
1.4
1 .6
2 .0
.5
1.3
.2
.5
.3
.4
.2
.1
(*)
.1
(4)
.3
.4
(4)
1 0 0 .0
IV
1 0 0 .0
.3
.1
" .3
.3
.9
.1
2.4
3.6
8.3
9.4
1.4
4.5
11.9
19.5
6 .6
8.7
6.5
6 .1
6.9
7.7
17.0
.5
1 .8
5.5
3.0
1.4
5.5
4.4
3.9
2 0 .8
.5
4.2
5.8
4.0
.4
3.9
.5
2.4
.1
3.2
2.3
.7
1.3
.3
.4
1.9
1.5
.7
.1
.6
.2
.2
.8
.5
.2
I ll
.6
.1
(4)
.1
2
.3
(4)
.2
.2
.6
.8
2
_
.5
.2
.2
.1
.1
.4
.
For a more detailed analysis of data, see appendix tables D, E, F, and G.
Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of 100,000 and under
500,000; group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of 25,000 and under 50,000, based
on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
3 Includes only regular, full-time employees.
4 Less than Mo of 1 percent.
3 Includes 2 at $4,200, 1 at $4,500, 1 at $5,970,
1 at $6,300, and 1 at $7,500.
e Includes 4 at $4,200, 1 at $4,400, 5 at $4,500, 1 at $4,900, 4 at $5,000, 1 at $5,200,1 at$6,000
and1 at$6,500.
7 Includes 1 at $4,200, 1 at $4,250, 2 at $4,280, 1 at $4,300, 1 at $4,625, 1 at $4,750,4 at $5,000,
1
at$5,500, and
1 at $6 ,0 0 0 .
3 Includes 1 at $4,250, 1 at $4,312, 1 at $4,500, 1 at $4,700, and 1 at $4,833.
1
2
For salaries above $2,200, on the other hand, this relationship dis
appears. For example, less than 8 percent of all fire-department
3 1 9 0 8 5 °— 41 ------- 4
20
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
employees in cities of group I received as much as $2,550 a year, as
compared with about 13 percent in group II, 16 percent in group III,
and 17 percent in group IV. There are several possible explanations
for this situation. It is partially accounted for by the fact that in the
smaller cities the supervisory employees, such as chiefs, captains, and
lieutenants, who were paid the highest salaries, constituted a greater
proportion of all employees than they did in the larger cities. The
proximity of a city to a much larger city also appeared in some cases to
affect the rates of pay in the smaller cities. For example, firstgrade privates in Yonkers, N. Y. (group II), and Mount Yernon,
N. Y. (group III), both of which were suburbs of New York City,
were paid the same salary as privates in New York City, $3,000 a
year, while privates in a third suburb, New Rochelle (group III), re
ceived $2,900. Numerous local factors, such as the financial condition
of the various cities, which cannot be evaluated from the information
at hand, also affect this intercity comparison of salary rates.
Salaries in Selected Occupations
Although there was no consistent relationship in the Middle Atlantic
region between size of city and rates of pay for fire-department em
ployees, there was some tendency for officers in the large cities to
receive higher salaries than those having the same rank in smaller
cities. This is brought out by the average salaries shown in table 5.
For example, the average annual salaries of chiefs in cities of group I
was 45 percent higher than the average in group II, 78 percent higher
than in group III, and 106 percent higher than in group IV. The
differences among the averages for the four city groups narrowed
as the officers decreased in rank. For the rank of captain and all
ranks or occupations below that level, except lieutenants, there was
no clearly defined relationship between salaries and size of city.
Although average salaries for lieutenants decreased systematically
from the groups of largest to smallest cities, the average for cities
in group I was little more than 8 percent higher than the average in
group IV.
The greatest differences in salaries in the Middle Atlantic fire
departments resulted from differences in the occupation or rank of
the employee rather than from the size or location of the city in which
he worked. For example, the highest salary reported in the 67 cities
surveyed was $7,500 for the chief in Philadelphia, who had more than
2,000 employees under his supervision; yet in this same city the annual
salary rate reported for cleaners was $900. On the other hand, the
chief in York, Pa., where the entire department numbered only 33
employees in 1938, was paid only $2,000. This was the lowest
salary reported for the head of a fire department in the Middle
Atlantic cities.
T a b l e 5 . — D istrib u tio n o f em p loyees in fire departments o f 6 7 M id d le A tla n tic cities, b y selected occupation and sa la ry, J u ly 1, 1 9 3 8
Chiefs
All occupations
Salary class
City group
All
cities
I
Number of cities reporting indicated occupations_____ ______
III
All
cities
IV
City group
I
II
City group
2
III
All
cities
IV
I
City group
2
III
II
Assistant deputy chiefs
All
cities3
IV
III
II
2
IV
12
23
29
63
3
12
22
26
49
3
10
17
19
7
1
5
1
3,385
2,303
1,304
63
3
12
22
26
77
5
19
27
26
9
3
5
1
1
6
2
85
78
2
9
20
10
105
167
403
702
497
1,048
662
2,616
1, 204
523
1,394
69
327
190
155
4
10
7
21
159
12
55
48
2 , 266
644
98
93
2
180
11
1
22
14
132
16
83
3
25
18
11
1
4
8
1
32
42
20
19
35
71
261
752
446
138
343
197
639
50
51
62
211
52
141
24
40
16
6
2
4
2
2
6
2
1
3
6
2
56
82
192
217
152
201
150
140
160
177
391
12
19
59
155
255
72
40
18
72
57
51
271
11
6
41
91
74
54
16
29
55
76
5
25
8
13
8
1
20
11
1
1
1
2
5
1
2
2
2
1
5
3
1
8
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
4
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
2
6
4
3
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
5
1
1
5
5
3
2
1
1
2
2
2
3
1
3
4
3
3
6
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
5
2
8
3
2
4
2
5
5
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
2
7
3
1
5
2
1
6
26
18
5
13
1
5
3
23
«3
2
9 8
1
10 8
n4
1
7
12
3
13 3
1
14 1
4
15 3
16 1
Average annual salary_____ $2,242 $2, 219 $2 , 302 $2, 224 $2,186 $3, 788 $6,590 $4,530 $3,696 $3, 200 $3,043 $4, 080 $3, 244 $3, 098 $2,638 $3, 271 $4, 200 $2,940
See footnotes at end of table.
$2,136
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
3
All salaries____ ______________ _ HO, 770 3,778
Under $950.
_ _______
$950 and under $1,050 _ ______ _
$1,050 and under $1,150 ________
$1,150 and under $1,250 _____ _ _
$1,250 and under $1,350
$1,350 and under $1,450
$1,450 and under $1,550
$1,550 and under $1,650
$1,650 and under $1,750
$1,750 and under $1,850
_
$1,850 and under $1,950
__ ____
$1,950 and under $2,050
$2,050 and under $2,150__ _ _
$2,150 and under $2,250_ _ ______
$2,250 and under $2,350
_ _
$2,350 and under $2,450
__ _ _
$2,450 and under $2,550
__ _
$2,550 and under $2,650
$2,650 and under $2,750- ______ _
$2,750 and under $2,850
$2,850 and under $2,950
$2,950 and under $3,050
_ _
$3,050 and under $3,150
_ _
$3,150 and under $3,250
_ _
$3,250 and under $3,350
$3,350 and under $3,450
$3,450 and under $3,550 _
___
$3,550 and under $3,650
$3,650 and under $3,750
$3,750 and under $3,850
__ _ _
$3,850 and under $3,950
___ _
$3,950 and under $4,050 __ _ . _
$4,050 and over
____ _____
67
II
2
Assistant or deputy chiefs
T a b l e 5 . — D istrib u tio n o f em p lo yees in fire departments o f 6 7 M id d le A tla n tic cities, by selected occupation and sala ry, J u ly 1, 1 9 8 8 1— Con.
Battalion chiefs
Salary class
All
cities4
All salaries________________
___
Under $950_
___ - ___ ____
$950 and under $1,050 _______ $1,050 and under $1,150 ________
$1,150 and under $1,250 ____ _____
$1,250 and under $1,350 .
__
$1,350 and under $1,450__ _______
$1,450 and under $1,550_________
$1,550 and under $1,650. _ ___ __ .
$1,650 and under $1,750
____ _
$1,750 and under $1,850. _ _ _ __
$1,850 and under $1,950
_ _ _.
$1,950 and under $2,050
$2,050 and under $2,150
$2,150 and under $2,250
__ _
$2,250 and under $2,350. _ __ __
$2,350 and under $2,450__ _____
$2,450 and under $2,550 _ __
$2,550 and under $2,650 _________
$2,650 and under $2,750 __ ___
$2,750 and under $2,850. _ _____ _
$2,850 and under $2,950
_ _ _ _
$2,950 and under $3,050 . ____ _
$3,050 and under $3,150 _ ____ _
$3,150 and under $3,250____ _____
$3,250 and under $3,350_________
$3,350 and under $3,450__________
$3,450 and under $3,550. .
___
$3,550 and under $3,650- .
_____
$3,650 and under $3,750
$3,750 and under $3,850 _____ _
$3,850 and under $3,950____ ______
$3,950 and under $4,050
$4,050 and over
City group 2
I
II
All
cities
III
Lieutenants
City group 2
I
II
III
All
cities
IV
Engineers, fire engine
City group 2
I
III
II
City group 2
All
cities
IV
II
I
III
IV
19
3
10
6
55
3
12
18
22
35
2
9
9
15
12
1
4
6
1
105
39
51
15
945
263
310
253
119
511
146
194
98
73
82
6
22
51
3
12
6
19
3
.
8
8
5
5
2
8
2
2
4
8
11
4
10
19
12
5
4
2
8
2
2
4
8
11
18
10
4
10
1
2
5
1
1
6
2
6
26
40
51
11
75
41
25
143
41
134
97
55
35
31
109
90
122
51
13
41
8
17
13
56
26
24
33
36
12
15
82
9
4
77
16
15
25
12
26
27
10
3
2
2
1
8
5
4
10
12
7
8
21
39
11
34
64
35
131
24
7
80
6
9
7
6
29
4
2
21
17
12
11
94
52
34
51
17
36
24
14
13
18
7
9
18
8
4
27
1
1
31
9
12
22
3
1
12
22
14
6
3
3
7
6
1
1
3
11
2
18
3
17 2
Average annual salary_____ $3,012 $3,122 $3,000 $2,769 $2,614 $2,652 $2,736 $2,559 $2,333 $2,392 $2,484 $2, 404 $2,305 $2,290 $2, 244 $2, 200 $2,107 $2, 296 $2,460
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
Number of cities reporting indicated occupations_____________
Captains
Drivers
Salary class
Number of cities reporting indicated occupations____ ______ _
All salaries______
Under $950_
City group 2
All
cities3
________ _
II
23
III
7
346
87
City group 2
All
cities
IV
7
143
9
116
60
7,918
I
II
3
3,048
12
2,427
III
21
1,583
Fire-alarm operators
Automobile mechanics
Privates, all grades
All
cities
IV
24
860
City group 2
City group 2
I
II
IV
III
28
2
7
70
22
22
All
cities
10
9
17
9
«133
2
51
8
50
30
15
77
10
33
4
35
43
20
18
18
9
33
23
4
7
100
8
50
24
2, 236
630
6
14
33
63
242
640
379
11
261
133
531
5
9
100
1
52
39
174
187
105
133
105
98
96
138
361
2
13
21
141
172
3
20
9
39
47
33
256
36
66
60
32
1
1
2
5
5
7
22
2
3
7
1
4
10
1
4
18
2
3
1
2
4
1
1
1
2
2
2
7
3
1
7
1
1
2
1
3
49
12
16
43
4
3
12
12
2
1
10
4
6
1
1
9
3
3
18
14
2
2
4
10
1
11
4
6
1
7
3
4
3
3
1
6
3
3
10
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
4
65
15
43
20
77
18
23
32
16
4
1
71
74
348
522
358
843
517
2, 384
1,034
304
1,148
7
36
66
69
132
IV
III
2
2
_ ..... .............. .
$1,050 and under $1,150__________
$1,150 and under $1,250
$1,250 and under $1,350__ __ _
$1,350 and under $1,450
$1,450 and under $1,550 _____
$1,550 and under $1,650 __
__
$1,650 and under $1,750 ________
$1,750 and under $1,850
__ __
$1,850 and under $1,950
$1,950 and under $2,050
$2,050 and under $2,150
$2,150 and under $2,250 __
$2,250 and under $2,350
__ _
____ _
$2,350 and under $2,450
$2,450 and under $2,550 _ _____ _
$2,550 and under $2,650
$2,650 and under $2,750 ___
___
$2,750 and under $2,850
$2,850 and under $2,950
$2,950 and under $3,050
$3,050 and under $3,150 __
$3,150 and under $3,250 ____
$3,250 and under $3,350
_
$3,350 and under $3,450
$3,450 and under $3,550_________
$3,550 and under $3,650
$3,650 and under $3,750
_ __
$3,750 and under $3,850 __ ___
$3,850 and under $3,950 _______
$3,950 and under $4,050__________
$4,050 and over
19
II
I
»
Average annual salary_____ $1, 995 $2,049 $2,080 $1,849 $2,188 $2,200 $2,212 $2,140 $2,169 $2,318 $2,176 $2,610 $2,249 $2,081 $1,833 $1,855 $1,938 $1, 589 $1,687
See footnotes at end of table.
to
CO
T a b l e 5 . — D istrib u tio n o f em p lo yees in fire departments o f 6 7 M id d le A tla n tic cities, by selected occup ation and sa la ry , J u ly 1 , 1 9 3 8 1— Con.
Linemen and other construction employees
Electricians
Salary class
City group 2
City group 2
All
cities 3,
III
II
Others
All
cities
IV
II
I
III
City group 2
All
cities
IV
I
II
III
IV
14
4
4
6
22
2
10
5
5
67
3
12
23
29
All salaries-— _ . ------- _ _ _ _ _ _
17
5
5
7
7 70
14
40
9
7
424
181
143
57
43
83
78
1
4
Under $950 __ _____ __________
$950 and under $1,050 _ _________
$1,050 and under $1,150__ ______
$1,250 and under $1,350_______ _
$1,350 and under $1,450.__ ________
$1,450 and under $1,550.__ ____ ___
$1,550 and under $1,650___________
$1,650 and under $1,750._______ _
$1,750 and under $1,850
$1,850 and under $1,950___ _______
$1,950 and under $2,050.._ ______
$2,050 and under $2,150. _ _____
$2,150 and under $2,250____ _____
$2,250 and under $2,350__ ______
$2,350 and under $2,450 __ __
$2,450 and under $2,550 ________
$2,550 and under $2,650__ __ _
$2,650 and under $2,750.__ ___ ___
$2,750 and under $2,850.
____
$2,850 and under $2,950. __ ____
$2,950 and under $3,050 — _____
$3,050 and under $3,150
_ _
$3,150 and under $3,250--. __ ____
$3,250 and under $3,350
_____
$3,350 and under $3,450 __________
$3,450 and under $3,550
_______
$3,550 and under $3,650 __________
$3,650 and under $3,750 ____
___
$3,750 and under $3,850
_ ____
$3,850 and under $3,950. ______
$3,950 and under $4,050___________
$4,050 and over______ __________
Average annual salary__ _
2
4
3
3
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
3
1
10
4
10
12
9
3
2
12
2
2
1
8
4
2
1
1
1
3
8
6
9
2
2
2
11
1
1
3
6
8
19
16
27
24
14
20
24
23
24
9
33
7
22
12
7
9
4
9
3
3
3
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
$2,388
$2,042
$1,980
$2,098
$1, 950
$2, 232
$2,047
$1,689
(20)
1
3
1
2
2
2
5
9
3
1
3
2
3
1
2
2
6
4
2
6
2
3
1
2
7
3
3
2
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
18 4
6
$2,118
3
2
3
7
5
2
5
1
12
5
8
10
4
26
5
13
4
4
6
2
5
1
1
1
2
4
10
7
21
8
4
1
16
6
10
2
3
2
6
1
(20)
(20)
1
19 1
(20)
1
19 1
(20)
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
Number of cities reporting indicated occupations-.
_ __
1 For a more detailed analysis, see appendix tables D, E, F, and G.
2 Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of
100,000 and under 500,000; group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV,
cities of 25,000 and under 50,000, based on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
3 No employees in this occupation in cities of group I.
4 No employees in this occupation in cities of group IV.
6 Includes only regular, full-time employees.
6Includes telephone operators, but not chief fire alarm operators.
7Includes 2 cable splicers in group I and 1 in group II.
8Includes 1 at $5,970, 1 at $6,300, and 1 at $7,500.
9 Includes 1 at $4,200,1 at $4,400, 2 at $4,500,1 at $4,900, 1 at $5,200, 1 at $6,000, and 1 at
$6,500.
Includes 1 at $4,200, 1 at $4,300,1 at $4,265, 3 at $5,000, 1 at $5,500, and 1 at $6,000.
11 Includes 1 at $4,312, 1 at $4,500, 1 at $4,700, and 1 at $4,833.
12 Includes 1 at $4,200 and 2 at $4,500.
is Includes 2 at $4,500 and 1 at $5,000.
14 Receives $5,000.
i® Each receives $4,200.
1®Receives $4,750.
17 Each receives $4,280.
i« Includes 1 at $4,500 and 3 at $5,000.
19 Receives $4,250.
20No average computed because such a heterogeneous group of occupations.
26
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
Salaries o f Privates
Of the 67 cities included in part II of this study, 7 had volunteers
in place of privates. Privates constituted approximately threefourths of all employees in the remaining 60 cities, and received a
little less than three-fourths of the total salaries. Furthermore,
since over 90 percent of all privates were in the first grade, the salary
rates applicable to first-grade privates in the 60 cities had a marked
effect on the distribution of salaries for all fire-department employees
in the M iddle Atlantic area.
Rates of pay in effect for privates on July 1, 1938, ranged from
$1,300 to $3,000 a year. However, the salaries of almost four-fifths
of the privates shown in table 6 were in the $600 range beginning at
$1,950. The maximum salary paid to privates in the 3 cities com
prising group I was $2, 310, and the lowest reported in these cities
was $1,825; 94 percent of all privates in group I were in the $200
interval beginning at $2,150. In all 3 groups of smaller cities, not
only were the ranges of salaries for privates wider, but the concentra
tion of salaries was less intense. Some privates in cities of both
group II and group III of the Middle Atlantic region were paid as
much as $3,000. As has already been pointed out, these are cities
adjacent to New York City, where the scale for first-grade privates
was also $3, 000. The maximum salary of $2,750 for privates in
the cities with a population of 25,000 to 50,000 was reported by the
department of White Plains, N. Y ., which is also near New Y ork
City.
Despite the differences among the several population groups in
ranges of salaries for privates, the average rate of pay was about the
same in all city groups. The highest, $2, 212 per year, in cities of
group II, was only about 3 percent above the average in group III
which had the lowest average.
27
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
T able
6. —
D istrib u tio n o f privates in fire departm ents o f 6 0 1 M id d le
cities, b y sala ry and grade, J u ly 1, 1 9 8 8
A tla n tic
All grades
Number
Percentage
Salary class
All
cities
All salaries-------------------------
7,918
$1,250 and under $1,350_____
$1,350 and under $1,450____
$l' 450 and under $lj 550_____
$1,550 and under $lj 650_____
$1,650 and under $1,750_____
4
1
71
74
348
$1,750 and under $1,850_____
$1,850 and under $1,950_____
$1,950 and under $2,050_____
$2,050 and under $2,150_____
$2,150 and under $2,250_____
522
358
843
517
2,384
$2,250 and under $2,350. ___
$2,350 and under $2,450_____
$2’ 450 and under $2,550_____
$2,550 and under $2| 650_____
$2* 650 and under $2^ 750
1,034
304
1,148
7
36
City group2
I
II
III
3,048
2,427
1,583
IV
860
100.0
4
City group 2
I
II
m
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.2
.6
1.4
.1
3.3
2.5
11.0
1.5
2.4
16.4
IV
6
14
33
1
52
39
174
13
21
141
.1
(4)
^.9
.9
4.4
100
8
50
24
2,236
63
242
640
379
11
187
105
133
105
98
172
3
20
9
39
6.6
4.5
10.6
6.5
30.1
3.3
.3
1.6
.8
73.3
2.6
10.0
26.4
15.6
.4
11.8
6.6
8.4
6.6
6.2
20.0
.4
2.8
1.0
4.5
630
261
133
531
5
96
138
361
2
47
33
256
13.1
3.8
14.5
.1
.5
20.7
10.7
5. 5
21.9
.2
6.1
8.7
22.8
.1
5.5
3.8
29.8
36
66
69
132
$2,750 and under $2,850
$2,850 and under $2,950
$2,950 and under $3,050
All
cities
9
100
66
60
32
.5
4.2
.8
.9
1.7
.4
4.1
3.8
2.0
7.7
Number of privates by specified grade
Second
First
Salary class
All
cities
All salaries_______
--- - 7,245
$1,250 and under $1,350____
$1,350 and under $1,450_____
$1,450 and under $1,550_____
$1,550 and under $1,650____
$1,650 and under $1,750 _.
$2,750 and under $2,850
$2,850 and under $2,950
$2 950 and under $3,050
.
-
5
II
III
2,866
2,190
1,424
IV
172
20
20
52
145
128
220
604
357
178
91
122
88
75
168
249
133
527
90
132
359
37
22
256
1,006
287
1,142
2,236
630
20
32
36
36
66
60
132
66
100
60
32
All
cities
765
52
See footnotes at end o f table.
3 1 9 0 8 5 ° — 41
I
273
346
$1,750 and under $1,850_____
311
$1,850 and under $1,950 __ _
746
$1,950 and under $2,050_____
445
$2,050 and under $2,150_____
2,343
$2,150 and under $2,250 __
$2,250 and under $2,350
$2,350 and under $2,450 .
$2,450 and under $2,550____
$2,550 and under $2,650
$2,650 and under $2,750 -
City group 2
City group 2
I
II
III
99
57
26
4
6
7
55
16
6
17
6
9
9
6
7
IV
44
29
18
8
2
12
8
4
6
2
2
11
28
T able
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
6. —
D istrib u tio n o f privates in fire departm ents o f 6 0 1 M id d le A tla n tic
cities , b y sala ry and grade , J u l y 1, 1 9 8 8 — Continued
Number of privates by specified grade
Third
Fourth
Salary class
City group2
All
cities
I
All salaries____________ ____
233
$1,250 and under $1,350_____
$1,350 and under $1,450_____
$1,450 and under $1,550... __
$1,550 and under $1,650_____
#1,650 and under $1,750_____
1
4
34
16
$1,750 and under $1,850_____
$1,850 and under $1,950__ __
$1,950 and under $2,050_____
$3,050 and under $2,150_____
$2,150 and under $2,250_____
116
6
9
29
6
$2,250 and under $2,350____
$2,350 and under $2,450_____
$2,450 and under $2,550_____
$2,550 and under $2,650.........
$2,650 and under $2,750
10
II
124
III
City group2
All
cities
IV
33
40
11
21
4
100
8
6
6
24
9
1
4
I
36
147
4
13
1
9
14
14
II
50
III
39
IV
39
19
1
2
3
4
2
55
27
18
9
9
14
5
3
50
5
6
17
17
4
1
10
2
5
2
2
2
5
$2,750 and under $2,850
$2,850 and under $2,950
$2,950 and under $3,050 _
Number of privates by specified grade
Fifth and below
Probationary
Salary class
City group2
All
cities
I
All salaries________________
112
$1,250 and under $1,350____
$1,350 and under $1,450____
$1,450 and under $1,550___ __
$1,550 and under $1,650
$1,650 and under $1,750
4
6
5
17
$1,750 and under $1,850
$1,850 and under $1,950
$1,950 and under $2,050
$2,050 and under $2,150
$2,150 and under $2,250
15
29
10
10
__
III
II
8
66
All
cities 3
IV
28
10
City group2
III
IV
9
8
1
8
8
1
4
6
5
8
8
6
22
9
9
1
7
6
250 a n d u n d e r $2,350
:$2, 350 a n d u n d e r $2, 450
12
6
$2,450 and under $2,550.
$2,550 and under $2,650
$2,650 and under $2,750
4
4
1
1
4
6
$2,750 and under $2,850 __
$2,850 and under $2,950 ____
950 and under $3,050
$2
1 Does not include 7 cities which had volunteers in place of privates.
2 Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of 100,000 and under 500,000; group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of 25,000 and under 50,000, based on
U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
3 No probationary employees in cities of groups I and II.
* Less than Ho of 1 percent.
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
29
Hours and Working Conditions
Average Hours on D u ty Per W eek
In the 67 fire departments of the M iddle Atlantic cities 93.2 percent
of all the employees worked under some form of the 2-platoon system
of rotating employees on duty. Of the remaining employees, 0.6
percent were on continuous duty, 0.4 percent worked under some form
of the single-platoon system, and 5.8 percent had some other type o f
assignment, the hours of which usually corresponded with the hours
observed by other municipal employees.
Chiefs and their immediate assistants comprised practically the
entire group on continuous duty. In other words, these high-ranking
officers were subject to call at any time.
The small fraction of the employees shown in table 7 as working
under the single-platoon system had average hours on duty which
varied from 108 to 144 per week. Under this system a fireman is on
duty from two to six 24-hour days (depending upon the variation o f
the system in use in the particular locality) and then has from 1 to
2% days off. The days a fireman is off duty are so arranged that the
fire department is equally staffed at all hours.
Over 48 percent of all fire-department employees in the 67 M iddle
Atlantic cities worked under the regular 2-platoon system. Under
this system, the firemen are equally divided into 2 platoons. One
platoon is assigned to day duty and the other to night duty. In m ost
cities those on day duty start at 8 in the morning and stay on duty for
10 hours, after which time they are relieved by the platoon on night
duty which stays on duty for 14 hours, or until 8 the following morning.
The variations under the regular 2-platoon system, which are outlined
in table 7, result from differences in the number of days a fireman is
on day duty before being shifted to night duty. An example of the
2-platoon system with a shift on the third day, as it operated in N ew
Y ork City in 1938, has been given on page 9. Although the hours
each platoon goes on duty and the division of the 24 hours of the day
differ from one fire department to another, the essential features of
the operation of the regular 2-platoon system are illustrated in this
chart.
Approximately 45 percent of the employees worked under variations
of the 2-platoon system, which afforded more time off than was the
case under the regular 2-platoon system. The 7 variations of the
2-platoon system with additional time off shown in table 7 resulted in
workweeks which varied in length from an average of 67.0 to 73.5
hours per week. The average for all but about 10 percent of these
employees was 72 hours per week. Tw o cities, both in the population
group of 50,000 to 100,000, used the type of 2-platoon system with
additional time off which eliminates entirely the 24-hour tours o f
T a b l e 7 . — D istrib u tion o f em p lo yees in fire departments o f 6 7 M id d le A tla n tic cities , b y average hours on d u ty per w eek , J u ly 1, 1 9 8 8
System of operation
Number of cities reporting various
systems
All
cities
City group 2
I
II
III
All
cities
IV
_______ ________
Continuous duty__________________ _ _
Single-platoonL - ______ _______ __ _
On 2 days, off 1 day______________ _
On 3 days, off 1 day____ ______ _____
On 4.5 days, off 2.5 days________ __
On 5 days, off 2 days____ __________
On 5.5 days, off 1.5 days______ _____
On 6 days, off 1 day_ ________ _
2-platoon—regular:6_________ ____ _ .
On 24 hours, off 24 hours______
Shift 3d day_________________
.
Shift 4th day_______ _ ________
Shift 5th day_________ _______ ___
________
Shift 6th day, __ ______
Shift 7th day________________ _____
2-platoon—with additional time off
d u ty:7
Shift 3d day, off 1 day per w e e k .___
Shift 4th day, off 1 day per week____
Shift 6th day, off 1 day per week____
Shift 7th day, off 1 day per week____
Shift 8th day, off 0.9 days per week...
10-group elimination system, shift 7th
day, off 1.5 days per week __
10-group system, shift 5th day, off 1.4
days per w e e k ..___________ ..
Other 8___ ______ __________ __________
168.0
45
112.0
126.0
108.0
120.0
132.0
144.0
1
1
1
1
1
3
84.0
84.0
84.0
84.0
84.0
84.0
19
17
5
1
3
1
3
9
17
16
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
2
1
1
7
3
2
7
11
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
5
Percentage of employees
City group 2
I
II
City group 2
All
cities
III
IV
I
II
III
IV
810,770
3,778
3,385
2, 303
1, 304
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
59
44
4
8
2
11
1
18
5,180
1, 640
1,884
525
64
1,026
41
5
12
13
5
4
20
15
21
12
.6
.4
.1
.3
.4
.1
.1
.9
.7
1.6
.9
4,857
2,812
186
200
526
878
3, 520
2,642
8
2
11
1
12
12
1
2, 785
602
1,017
167
64
935
340
15
1,390
746
305
248
91
2
993
280
562
110
41
777
147
154
220
23
32
221
165
(5)
(fi)
.1
.7
.1
.1
.3
(6)
(6)
.2
48.1
15.2
17.5
4.9
.6
9.5
.4
(5)
45.1
26.1
1.7
1.9
4.9
8.1
93.2
69.9
.3
.3
82.3
17.8
30.1
4.9
1.9
27.6
.7
60.3
32.4
13.2
10.8
3.9
5.9
4.1
9.6
12.7
7.2
72.0
1
1
64
64
.6
2.7
67.0
43.8
1
55
1
21
191
630
191
101
1.8
5.8
8.3
4.4
1
3
1
1
12
19
878
229
200
140
242
58
23.3
6.1
3.2
16.9
1.8
2.4
5
3
1
9
1
2
.1
76.2
21.5
43.1
8.4
33.7
6.4
6.7
10.0
72.0
72.0
72.0
72.0
73.5
1 For a more detailed analysis of data, see appendix table H.
2 Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of 100,000
and under 500,000; group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of
25,000 and under 50,000, based on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
3 Includes only regular, full-time employees.
4 The average number of hours on duty per week for employees in each variation of the
single-platoon system is arrived at by dividing the total number of hours on duty per
year for each variation by 52.143.
8 Less than Mo of 1 percent.
Number of employees 1
4.4
6 Under each variation of the regular 2-platoon system the employees work in 2 pla
toons, 1 platoon being on duty while the other is off duty. Over a period of days, there
fore, each platoon is on duty as many hours as the other, or an average of 12 hours a day
and 84 hours a week.
7 Under the 2-platoon system with additional time off duty, the employees are on duty
less than an average of 84 hours per week. The average number of hours on duty per
week is arrived at by deducting the number of additional weekly hours off duty from 84.
8 The average number of hours per week is arrived at by dividing the total weekly man
hours by the total number of employees classified as “ other.”
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
All systems _ ___
Aver
age
hours
on duty
per
week
31
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
duty. This is accomplished by dividing the firemen into 10 groups
and is known as the 2-platoon, 10-group system. The rotation of
firemen under such a system in New Y ork City has been described
on pages 9 and 10.
The trend has been away from the 2-platoon to the 3-platoon
system with shorter individual tours of duty and consequently shorter
average weekly hours. The costliness of the latter system, however,
has limited its use to a few cities. A t the time this survey was made,
the 3-platoon system had not been adopted by any city in the M iddle
Atlantic region except New York City, where the department was in
the process of transition from the 2-platoon to the 3-platoon sys
tem. (See page 10.)
Items Supplied to Firemen
In connection with his work, a fireman has to have sleeping quarters
whenever he is on night duty; bed, bedding, linen, and laundry; a
street uniform, rubber boots, rubber coat, helmet, and various other
minor items of equipment. In cities where a fireman has to pay for
these facilities and items, his annual net income is decreased propor
tionately.
All of the fire departments in the 67 M iddle Atlantic cities supplied
sleeping quarters to men on night duty, but only 40 of them supplied
the necessary furnishings and laundry. As can be seen from table 8,
49 cities supplied neither street uniforms nor the cloth and trimmings
for uniforms. M ore than two-thirds of the cities did not supply
rubber coats, rubber boots, or helmets.
T a b l e 8 .— D istrib u tio n o f 6 7 M id d le A tla n tic cities according to item s su p p lied
to firem en , J u ly 1 , 1 9 3 8
Number of cities supplying—
City group1
Total
number Sleeping Beds,
bed
of
quarters ding,
for men
cities
on night linen,
and
duty
laundry
Hel
mets
Rubber Rubber
coats
boots
Cloth
and
trim
mings
for uni
forms
Uni
forms
Minor
items 2
All cities________________
67
67
40
29
26
21
10
8
48
Group I ________________
Group II ___ _ . - ____
Group III____ __________
Group IV ____ _______
3
12
23
29
3
12
23
29
2
7
12
19
4
11
14
4
9
13
2
8
11
4
5
1
1
3
4
2
8
19
19
1 Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of 100,000 and under
500,000; group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of 25,000 and under 50,000, based on
U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
3 Includes badges, caps, work clothing, and toilet articles.
32
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
Vacations W ith Pay
All but 10 of the 10,770 employees in the fire departments of the 57
M iddle Atlantic cities received vacations with pay. The vacation
periods shown in table 9 ranged between 7 and 33 days a year, but 85
percent of the employees received between 14 and 17 days. Tw oweek vacation periods were the most popular and were given to almost
47 percent of all employees. The average vacation period for all em
ployees was about 16 days. Fire-department employees in cities of
group I had the shortest average vacation period, 14.2 days, as
compared with 16.6 days in group II, 16.3 days in group III, and 15.8
days in group IV.
T a b l e 9.— Distribution of employees in fire departments of 67 Middle Atlantic
cities, according to days of vacation with pay, July 1, 1938
Number of employees having—
Total
Number member
of
of em
No
14
18
10
15
16
17
19
7
cities ployees
vaca days
days days days days days days days
tion
City group 1
All cities_________________
67 210, 770
Group I __________________
Group I I ____________ ____
Group III________________
Group IV ________________
3
12
23
29
3, 778
3,385
2,303
1, 304
10
8
2
5
17 5,022 2,764
883
519
271
177
4
881
2,896
796 1, 219
17
786
356
544
308
378
411
94
129
224
166
148
45
78
140
34
3
1
Number of employees having—
City group 1
21
22
24
20
26
28
23
26
27
30
31
33
days days days days days days days days days days days days
All cities________________
Group
Group
Group
Group
I _________________
II________________
III______________
IV _______ _____
228
253
13
329
81
99
43
23
7
24
1
102
121
5
1
24
197
31
5
2
6
297
24
8
35
44
2
42
8
49
42
16
6
1
2
4
1
5
16
3
1
1
1
1
1 Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of 100,000 and under
500,000; group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of 25,000 and under 50,000, based
on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
2 Includes only regular, full-time employees.
Promotions o f LoweivGrade Privates
The annual income of a fireman just entering the service is sub
stantially affected not only by the number of grades he has to go
through before becoming a full-fledged, first-grade private, but also
by the length of time it takes him to go through these lower grades.
As is shown in table 10, all but 3 of the 60 cities which had regular,
full-time privates, had classifications of more than 1 grade. Some
of the cities had as many as 8 grades of privates.6 The fire depart
ments of 7 cities (all in the 2 smallest population groups) which did
5 See appendix tables D, E, F, and G.
33
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
not have privates, had only small staffs, usually officers and drivers,
which were supplemented b y volunteers or call men. Only the regular
full-time employees in these 7 departments have been included in
this survey.
All but 1 of the 57 cities maintaining several grades of privates had
a definite promotion system for their lower-grade privates. One city
automatically prom oted its lower-grade privates after 6 months of
service, 51 cities after a year of service, and 4 after a civil-service
examination.
T able
10.— Distribution of 6 0 1 Middle Atlantic cities according to method of
promoting lower-grade privates, July 1, 1938
Number of cities
City group3
Total
number
of
privates
Total
cities
With automatic
promotion after—
6 months
All cities
_______________
Ofonp T
__
Group II __________________
Group III____________________
Group IV
7,918
60
3,048
2,427
1,583
860
3
12
21
24
1 year
With promotion
by—
Civil
service
With pri
vates all
in 1
Appoint
grade
ment
1
51
4
1
3
»1
3
11
16
21
1
1
2
1
2
1
1 Does not include 7 cities which had volunteers in place of privates.
3 Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of 100,000 and under
500,000; group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of 25,000 and under 50,000, based
on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
3 Probationary to third grade, 6 months; third grade to second grade, 1 year; second grade to first grade,
2 years.
D istribution of Employees and Salaries
Division and Occupation
Practically 94 percent of all employees in the 67 fire departments
of the M iddle Atlantic cities were in the fire-fighting divisions, and
they received a slightly higher proportion of the total salaries in 1938.
The personnel of the fire-fighting divisions in th ese.67 cities was
distributed among the various ranks or occupations as follows:
Chiefs, assistants to chiefs, and battalion chiefs, who formed 2.4
percent of all employees; captains and lieutenants, 13.5 percent;
privates, drivers, and engineers, 77.6 percent; and all others, 0.3
percent. The corresponding proportions of total salaries paid to these
groups, which are also shown in table 11, were 3.4 percent, 15.3 per
cent, 75.5 percent, and 0.3 percent, respectively.
In these comparisons the data for privates, drivers, and engineers
were combined because some cities do not distinguish among these
occupations but classify all such employees as privates. For example,
of 3,778 fire-department employees reported in the cities with a
population of 500,000 or more, there were only 6 fire-engine engineers
34
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
and no drivers reported. In these 3 cities the firemen performing these
functions were classed as privates. The data for captains and
lieutenants were combined for the same reason. Some cities do not
have any lieutenants but have a proportionately greater number of
captains, or vice versa.
In actual operation the fire-fighting divisions are not so large
relatively as the above percentages indicate because: (1) All fire
departments assign firemen from the fire-fighting divisions to the
other divisions and carry these assigned men on the fire-fighting list;
(2) some fire departments contract their maintenance work to private
concerns; (3) a few have the local telephone company or a separate
city bureau handle their fire-alarm work; and (4) some depend on the
building inspectors’ offices for most of their fire-prevention work.
The employees outside the fire-fighting divisions were distributed
among other divisions as follows: Apparatus, 1.6 percent; fire pre
vention, 0.5 percent; fire alarm, 2.7 percent; clerical, 0.5 percent;
and miscellaneous, 0.9 percent. In terms of salary payments, these
last 3 divisions were slightly less important than they were in terms
of personnel.
T a b l e 11. — Percentage distribution 1 of employees and salaries in fire departments
of 67 Middle Atlantic cities, by division, July 1, 1938
Percentage of all employees
Division and occupation
All
cities
All divisions.......................... . 100.0
Fire fighting----------------------Chiefs_________________
Assistant or deputy chiefs.
Assistant deputy chiefs. _
Battalion chiefs_________
Captains_______________
Lieutenants____________
Pilots__________________
Engineers, fire engine___
Engineers, marine______
Drivers________________
Privates, all grades_____
Miscellaneous__________
93.8
.6
.7
.1
1.0
8.8
4.7
.1
.8
.1
3.2
73.5
.2
Fire prevention......................
Apparatus...... ........................
Fire alarm...............................
Clerical....................................
Miscellaneous..... ........... ........
.5
1.6
2.7
.5
.9
Percentage of total salaries
City group 3
I
II
III
IV
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
94.0
.1
.1
95.5
1.0
1.2
.2
.7
11.0
4.2
94.0
2.0
2.0
.1
80.7
.5
92.5
.4
.6
.1
1.5
9.2
5.7
(3)
.6
(3)
2.6
71.7
.1
1.6
2.0
.2
2.2
1.1
1.9
3.6
.6
.3
1.0
7.0
3.9
.2
.2
.3
All
cities
I
II
III
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.7
.2
.2
95.7
1.6
1.6
.3
.8
12.7
4.4
94.3
2.9
2.4
.1
2.3
.3
80.0
.4
92.5
.7
.8
.2
2.0
10.9
6.0
(3)
.6
(3)
2.3
68.9
.1
5.8
66.1
.1
7.5
65.4
.1
1.4
1.8
.2
.9
1.2
2.1
3.3
.6
.3
.4
1.5
1.9
.4
.1
.5
1.2
3.1
.6
.3
2.2
.2
6.2
68.7
.1
8.9
66.0
.1
94.5
1.0
1.0
.1
1.3
10.2
5.1
.1
.8
.1
2.8
71.8
.2
.4
1.4
2.1
.4
.2
.5
1.2
3.4
.6
.3
.5
1.6
2.5
.4
.5
9.1
5.6
City group *
1.5
8.3
4.3
.3
.2
.3
IV
9.7
5.9
1 Based on figures in appendix table I.
? Group I includes cities with a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of 100,000 and under 500,000;
roup III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of 25,000 and under 50,000, based on U. S.
Census of Population for 1930.
3 Less than H o of 1 percent.
The fire-fighting divisions constituted approximately the same per
centages of all employees in each of the 4 groups of cities: The lowest
was 92.5 percent in cities o f group II, as opposed to the highest o f
95.5 percent in group III. The same generalization could be made
35
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
with reference to the percentage of total salaries going to employees
in the fire-fighting divisions in each of the population groups.
The percentage of employees in the various occupations within the
fire-fighting divisions, however, varied among the 4 »city groups.
Officers in the larger cities supervised a relatively greater number of
subordinates than those in the smaller cities, and, as a result, con
stituted a smaller percentage of all employees. Chiefs, for example,
constituted 0.1 percent of all employees in cities of group I, 0.4 percent
in group II, 1.0 percent in group III, and 2.0 percent in group IV.
Privates, on the other hand, constituted 81 percent of all employees
in cities comprising group I, 72 percent in group II, 69 percent in
group III, and 66 percent in group IV. It does not follow from this
relationship, of course, that the officers in small cities have less to do
than those in the larger centers of population.6 Officers in small cities
have more varied duties, such as doing their own secretarial work and
being directly in charge of such divisions as fire-prevention, apparatus,
or fire-alarm.
T
12, — ■Number and salaries of supervisory employees1 as percentages of total
fire department employees and total salaries in 67 Middle Atlantic cities, July 1,
1938
able
City group 2
Item
A. Supervisory employees as percentage of all em
ployees __
_
______
B. Supervisory salaries as percentage of total salaries .
C. Ratio of B to A_________ ___________________
All cities
16.9
19.8
1.17
I
II
III
12.3
14.9
1.21
18.7
22.1
1.18
19.5
22.8
1.17
IV
20.5
22.9
1.12
1 Supervisory employees are those employees in all divisions who have others working under them. The
group includes chiefs, assistant or deputy chiefs, assistant deputy chiefs, battalion chiefs, captains, lieuten
ants, marshals or wardens, superintendents, chief engineers, chief fire alarm operators, master mechanics,
chief clerks, and assistants to these officers who supervise the activities of others.
2 Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of 100,000 and under
500,000; group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of 25,000 and under 50,000; based on
U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
The ratios of supervisory employees to all employees varied in
inverse relation to the size of city. In other words, these ratios rose
from 12.3 percent in cities with a population of 500,000 and over to
20.5 percent in cities with only 25,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. Like
wise, similar ratios for pay rolls also rose from close to 15 percent in
cities of group I to nearly 23 percent in group IV. The increase
from large to small cities in the ratios of supervisory personnel to
total employees was greater than the increase in the ratios of salaries
of supervisory employees to all salaries. This fact is brought out by
the ratios in line C of table 12, which decreased from 1.21 in cities of
group I to 1.12 in cities of group IV. In other words, in the smaller
6
The ratio of privates, drivers, and engineers to total fire-department employees was higher in the 67
Middle Atlantic cities than in cities of most other geographic regions because the Middle Atlantic States
have a disproportionate number of large cities.
36
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
cities the differences between the salaries of supervisory and non
sup ervisory employees were of less magnitude than was the case in
fire departments in the larger cities.
Per Capita Distribution
The number of fire-department employees per 10,000 persons pro
tected in each of the 60 fire departments in the Middle Atlantic cities
which maintained complete, full-time staffs ranged from 6 employ
ees in Sharon, Pa., to 33 in Atlantic City, N. J. The average for
all 60 cities combined was 14 fire-department employees per 10,000
population.
The group of smallest cities, 25,000 to 50,000, had 14 fire depart
ment employees for every 10,000 population, as compared with 15 in
group III and 16 in group II. However, in the Middle Atlantic
division the 3 cities in group I reported fewer employees in relation
to population than any of the other city-size groups. The compara
tively small number of 12 employees per 10,000 of population in
group I was due mainly to the Philadelphia department, which had
only 10 employees per 10,000 of population. Although Philadelphia
was about 3 times as populous as either Buffalo or Pittsburgh, it had
only a little over twice as many firemen as did each of these other
cities of group I.
It does not necessarily follow from this discussion that the cities
with a relatively large number of firemen provide more adequate
protection nor that those with a relatively small number of firemen are
understaffed. M any other factors, such as the strictness of building
regulations, the effectiveness of the fire-prevention division, and the
quantity and quality of the equipment of the fire department, affect
the adequacy of a fire department and the number of firemen necessary
for efficient operation. Also, in some cities, such as Atlantic City,
N. J., the number of firemen shown for every 10,000 of population
is higher because the city has a large transient population which is
not reflected in the population data.
The per capita salary cost of fire protection to the community in
the same 60 cities having complete, full-time staffs ranged between
$1.11 in Sharon, Pa., and $8.11 in Atlantic City, N. J. The average
for all 60 cities was $3.13.
Per capita salary costs tended to increase with the size of city,
rising from $3.06 per capita in the group of smallest cities, group IV,
to $3.41 in group III, and $3.71 in group II. This relationship did
not obtain in the 3 cities of group I, however. The relatively low
rate of $2.63 per capita in the group of largest cities was due primarily
to the relatively small number of employees and low salaries in
Philadelphia. Per capita salary costs in each of the M iddle Atlantic
cities are shown in table C of the appendix.
Part III
Appendix
37
Appendix
The tables in the appendix present detailed information on some of
the subjects discussed in the body of the report. Table A shows the
number of employees, salary rates, and total salaries in each occupa
tion in the New York City fire department. Table B supplements
table A by showing the number of employees and salary rates for
occupations in which the salaries were over wide ranges.
Table C and the following tables cover in detail information pre
sented in part II of the report. Table C not only lists the cities covered
by part II but shows the population for each city and the relationship
of number of fire-department employees and their salary costs to
population. The number of fire-department employees in each city
and salary rates for individual occupations are shown in tables D
through G, according to size of city. Table H shows weekly hours on
duty under each system of operation, by occupational division for all
cities and for each size group. Table I summarizes total employment
and total salaries paid in each division and occupation for all cities
and for each size group. All data, except population, are as of July
1, 1938.
T
able
A .—•Number, salary rates, and total salaries of New York City fire-department
employees, by occupation, July 1, 1938
Division and occupation
Total
________________
___________________________
Fire fighting:
Commissioners 1_________________ _ ___ _____ _ - ___
Assistant or deputy commissioners___________ ________
{
Assistant deputy commissioners___ _ _ - - - - - - - ___- Battalion chiefs___
_____________ ____ _
________
Captains____ _ ____ __ _ _ ___ - __ ______ Lieutenants___ .__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ __ _ _ _
P ilots_______
__
______
___
_
Engineers, fire engine, _ ____
_ _ __ _ -------------Engineers, marine., _ _ _ _ _ _
__ ___ ___ _ __
Privates:
1st grade___________________________________________
2d grade___________________________________________
3d grade___________________________________________
4th grade--------------------------- ----------------------------------Probationary._.
_ _ _____ __ ___ ___ _ ___ _ ___
Miscellaneous:
Stokers________________ ________ ___________ ____
Fire prevention:
Marshals or wardens___________________________________
Assistant marshals or wardens____ _____________ ___ ___
Chief inspectors__________ _ __ ------- -----------_ _ _ ----------Inspectors-------------------------------------------------------------------Miscellaneous:
Automobile enginemen-------------------------------------- -----Cashiers. _r_______ ________________________________
Chief examiners____________________________________
Plan examiners-------------------------------------------------------Special investigators. ___ __________ _________ ___
Number
Salary rate
10,489
Total salary
$29, 592, 234
$12,500
7,500
8,000 }
6,300
5,300
4,500
3,900
3,500
3,400
3,400
12, 500
23,000
277, 200
715, 500
1, 593, 000
3, 630, 900
105, 000
129, 200
217, 600
4,440
750
1, 763
879
268
3,000
2,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
13,320,000
1, 875,000
3,526, 000
1, 758,000
536,000
43
2,548
109, 564
1
2 23
1
2 161
7,300
1,800 to 3,600
4,000
1,800 to 4, 260
7,300
5% 680
4,000
397,892
1
1
1
1
3
2,040
3,720
3,780
3,120
2,880
2,040
3, 720
3,780
3,120
8,640
1
1
44
135
354
931
30
38
64
See footnotes at end of table.
39
40
T
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
able
A .— Number, salary rates, and total salaries of New York City fire-department
employees, by occupation, July 1, 1938—■Continued
Division and occupation
Number
Apparatus:
Machinists_____________
Master mechanics______
Auto mechanics________
General mechanics:
Battery constructors.
Blacksmiths________
Carpenters........... .
Coremakers....... ........
Hose repairmen_____
2 45
5
11
Inspectors________________
Electricians_______________
Linemen__________________
Linemen’s helpers------------Miscellaneous:
Attendants___________
Automobile enginemen
Automobile machinists
Batterymen__________
Cable splicers_________
{
Foremen cable splicers..
House painters________
Instrument makers____
Laborers_____ _________
Machinists____________
Machinists’ helpers__________
Mechanical draftsmen___
Stenographers and typists
W irem en________________
Clerical:
Secretaries................. ..................
Accountants................. ..............
Clerks___ ___________________
Bookkeepers_____ ___________
Stenographers_______________
Typists_____ _____ __________
See footnotes at end of table.
1
4
2,000
2,375
2,800
2,125
1,875
6,000
9.500
5,600
2,125
7.500
1
1
5
2
2
2,938
1,938
2,375
2,250
1,938
2.938
1.938
11,875
4,500
3,876
2,938
2.500
2,800
2, 250
2.500 \
2,750 J
5,876
2,500
2,800
11, 250
5,250
3
2
1,750
1,750
5,250
3,500
2
960
1,410
3,468
1,993
1,489
1,740
1,920
5,640
3,468
5,979
20,846
6,960
1
M
19
5
2 72
6,300
3,840 to 5, 460
3, 300 \
3,500 J
1. 560 to 3,000
6,300
18, 540
80,200
179, 760
2 18
2
35
6
8
1,800 to 2, 600
2,912
2, 217 \
2, 500 J
1,573
39,780
5, 824
92, 595
12, 584
1
2 12
1
13
1,200
1, 740 to 2, 280
2, 340
2,022
2,574
1,200
25,200
2, 340
22, 242
33, 462
2
8
1
24
1
1,573
2,080
2,912
1, 740 to 3,000
5,220
3,146
16,640
2,912
10,200
5,220
4
3
5
5
1
1
2,860
2,470
2,080
1, 573
1,620
2,340
2,860
9,880
6,240
15,965
2,340
1
3
1
3
1,820
3,120
2,040
2,015
1,820
9,360
2,040
6,045
5,250
2, 820
6,000
2, 400
2,820
2,340
5,250
5,640
158, 830
6,960
31,260
26,220
11
Cable splicers’ helpers
Cable testers-------------Carpenters---------------Clerks_______________
Fire-alarm experts-----
{
$105, 582
14,090
35,035
2
4
1
3
14
4
{
Total salary
$2, 294 to 2,600
2,818
2,438 \
2,739 J
3
4
Letterers_____________
Nickel platers________
Painters, carriage_____
Pattern makers_______
Rubber-tire repairmen
Stripers____ _________
Upholsterers, carriage.
W elders_____________
Wheelwrights________
W oodworkers________
Mechanics’ helpers:
Blacksmiths’ helpers..
Machinists’ helpers. _.
Miscellaneous:
Cleaners_____________
Elevator operators___
Engineers, stationary.
Licensed firemen_____
Laborers............. ..........
W atchmen___________
Fire alarm:
Superintendents_________
Assistant superintendents.
Chief fire-alarm operators
Fire alarm operators--------
Salary rate
1
2
2 75
23
217
2 15
840 to
2, 200 to
1, 320 to
960 to
41
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
T
able
A .— Number, salary rates, and total salaries of New York City fire-department
employees, by occupation, July 1, 1938— Continued
Division and occupation
Miscellaneous:
Inspectors of buildings
Inspectors of heatings
Architectural draftsmen
Foremen mechanics____
Number
{
{
1
1
1
1
2
1
Automobile enginemen
Laborers.................. .......
Cleaners______________
W atchm en___________
Salary rate
$2,460
2,680
2,250
2,400
3,120
3,601
Total salary
I
/
\
/
$5,040
2,250
8,640
3,601
1.740
2,280
1, 573
1,620
960
1.740
17, 444
3,840
1, 740
5,760
Electricians___
Carpenters___
House painters.
Blacksmiths
Bricklayers___
3
7
8
1
1
2,912
2,912
2,470
2,470
3,120
8, 736
20, 384
19,760
2, 470
3,120
Steamfltters________
Plumbers__________
Sheet-metal workers.
Plasterers__________
2
4
3
1
2,912
3,120
2,912
3,120
5, 824
12, 480
8,736
3,120
i The fire commissioner is the administrative head of the department.
3 See table B for individual salary rates.
42
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
T able
B .— Number and salary rates of New York City fire-department employees
in selected occupations, July 1, 1938
Apparatus
Fire prevention
Assistant marshals
or wardens
Salary
rate
Numher
Inspectors
Number
Salary
rate
2
2
2
5
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
12
3
1
14
1
1
23
62
2
2 4
7
2
1
1
1
1
1
9
1
3
5
1
1
2
$1,800
2,040
2, 240
2,280
2, 340
2,400
2, 580
3,000
3,120
3', 240
3, 360
3, 480
3,600
1
1
Number
Salary
rate
$1,800
1,920
2.000
2,160
2,240
2, 250
2,280
2, 340
2, 400
2,415
2,460
2,580
2,700
2,760
2,880
2, 920
2, 940
2,952
3,000
3,060
3,120
3,240
3,660
4,200
4, 260
13
31
1
Assistant super
intendents
N um
ber
$2, 294
2,360
2,600
1
1
1
1
Fire alarm—-Continued
Automobile
enginemen
N um
ber
Salary
rate
1
1
5
2
3
Salary
rate
4
12
1
1
1
1
$1, 740
1,980
2,040
2,220
2, 280
•
Num
ber
Salary
rate
72
$3,840
4,260
4,980
5,460
1
4
6
5
5
1
2
3
11
1
33
Inspectors
N um
ber
Salary
rate
18
$1, 560
1,680
1,740
1,800
2,040
2,220
2, 280
2,340
2.400
2,640
3.000
2
6
5
1
3
1
$1,800
2,140
2,240
2, 340
2,400
2,600
Clerical
Clerks
N um
ber
Salary
rate
Fire-alarm
operators
4
45
161
23
Machinists
Fire alarm
Clerks
N um
ber
Salary
rate
4
1
1
5
2
7
3
4
13
1
3
1
1
4
2
2
4
2
3
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
N um
ber
Salary
rate
3
75
$1, 740
2,640
2, 820
3,000
Bookkeepers
$840
960
1,080
1,140
1, 440
1,560
1,620
1,680
1, 740
2,120
2,160
2.220
2,280
2, 340
2,400
2, 520
2, 640
2, 820
3,000
3,060
3,120
3,230
3, 240
3, 360
3, 420
3,480
3,600
6,000
1
1
1
Stenographers
N um
ber
Salary
rate
17
$2,220
2, 340
2,400
1
4
3
2
1
2
1
2
1
Typists
N um
ber
Salary
rate
15
$1, 320
1, 440
1, 560
1,740
1,920
2,160
2,280
2,340
2, 820
1
1
1
2
2
4
2
2
$960
1,140
1,560
1,620
1, 680
1. 740
2,160
2,340
43
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
T
C.— Fire-department employees and salary costs in relation to population in
67 Middle Atlantic cities with a population of 25,000 or more,1 July 1, 1988
able
Popula
tion 3
Em
ploy
ees per
10,000
Per
capita
salary
costs
All cities______________ 7,927,667
14
$3.13
Group I—cities of 500,000 or m ore_______ 3,193,854
Buffalo, N . Y _______ 573,076
Philadelphia, Pa____ 1,950,961
Pittsburgh, P a ______ 669,817
12
16
10
13
2.63
3.67
2.19
3.00
Group II—cities of 100,000 to 500,000______ 2,098,151
Albany, N . Y _______
127, 412
Camden, N . J ___ _
118, 700
Elizabeth, N . J _____
114, 589
115, 967
Erie, P a ____________
Newark, N. J._. . . .
442, 337
138, 513
Paterson, N . J______
328,132
Rochester, N . Y ____
143, 433
Scranton, Pa________
209, 326
Syracuse, N . Y _____
Trenton, N .J _______
123, 356
101, 740
Utica, N . Y — .........
134, 646
Yonkers, N . Y ______
16
18
14
15
13
16
15
16
15
18
18
18
14
3. 71
3.65
2.90
3.62
2.45
4. 32
3. 63
3.45
3.04
3.88
4.40
3.80
4.16
Group III—cities of
50,000 to 100,000___ 1, 592, 351
Allentown, P a ______
92, 563
82, 054
Altoona, P a _________
Atlantic C ity, N . J__
66,198
88, 979
Bayonne, N .J ______
Bethlehem, Pa______
57, 892
Binghamton, N . Y __
76, 662
Chester, P a_________
59,164
68, 020
East Organge, N . J_.
Harrisburg, P a _____
80, 339
Hoboken, N . J______
59, 261
56, 733
Irvington, N . J___ __
66, 993
Johnstown, Pa
__
59, 949
Lancaster, Pa - ___
54, 632
M cKeesport, Pa
61, 499
M ount Vernon, N . Y_
54, 000
New Rochelle, N . Y .
75, 460
Niagara Falls, N. Y_
62, 959
Passaic, N . J___
15
9
11
33
22
7
19
(3)
14
9
24
13
13
11
12
8
18
17
3.41
1.68
1.92
8.11
5.90
1.36
3.89
0
3.66
1.47
5. 76
3. 37
2.40
1.65
2. 37
2.16
5.20
3.41
3.82
City
14
City
Group III—cities of
50,000 to 100,000—
Continued.
Schenectady, N . Y___
Troy, N . Y _________
Union C ity, N . J ___
Wilkes-Barre, P a ___
York, P a ___________
Popula
tion 3
Em
ploy
ees per
10,000
95,692
72, 763
58, 659
86, 626
55, 254
14
20
20
14
(3)
$3.06
3.55
5.19
2.68
0
14
3.06
0
2. 78
2.79
2. 33
4. 02
3. 43
1.81
2. 92
0
2.60
5.06
2.09
4.54
0
Group IV —cities of 25,000 to 50,000_______ •1,043, 311
Aliquippa, P a . _ _ __ _
27,116
Amsterdam, N . Y___
34,817
Auburn, N . Y ______
36,652
26, 974
Belleville, N . J _____
Bloomfield, N . J ____
38, 077
Clifton, N . J________
46, 875
Easton, P a _________
34,468
Elmira, N . Y _______
47, 397
Hazleton, P a ._ ..........
36, 765
Jamestown, N . Y ___
45,155
Kearny, N . J _______
40, 716
Kingston, N . Y _____
28, 088
Montclair, N . J........ .
42,017
Nanticoke, P a ______
26,043
New B r u n s w i c k ,
N . J_______________
34, 555
Newburgh, N . Y ___
31, 275
48, 674
N ew Castle, P a _____
Orange, N . J _______
35,399
Perth A m b o y ,N . J_ _
43, 516
Plainfield, N . J _____
34, 422
Poughkeepsie, N . Y .
40, 288
Rome, N . Y _______
32, 338
Sharon, P a _________
25,908
W atertown, N . Y ___
32, 205
West New York,
N . J ______________
37,107
35, 830
W hite Plains, N . Y .
Wilkinsburg, P a____
29,639
Williamsport, P a ___
45, 729
25, 266
W oodbridge, N . JA
0
16
15
9
17
13
10
16
(3)
15
19
10
16
(3)
14
14
10
12
0
17
10
11
6
15
20
22
10
11
0
Per
capita
salary
costs
3. 33
2.43
1.73
2. 95
0
4. 35
2.18
2.05
1.11
2. 76
5. 22
6.16
1.89
1.95
0
1 Includes all M iddle Atlantic cities and urban townships having populations of 25,000 or more, except
N ew York City, which is covered b y part I of this bulletin; Jersey City, N . J. (316,715), Reading, Pa.
(I ll, 171), Lebanon, Pa. (25,561), and North Bergen Township, N . J. (40,714), for which data were not avail
able; Garfield, N . J. (29,739), which had a system of call men; Lower Merion Township, Pa. (35,166), and
Upper D arby Township, Pa. (46,626), both of which had volunteer systems; and Norristown, Pa. (35,853),
which had a combination system of call men and volunteers.
2 Based on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
3 N ot computed, since fire department consists of small full-time staff supplemented b y call men and
volunteers; full-time staff included elsewhere in this report. This city not included in computation of
ratio of employees per 10,000 or per capita cost for city group or for all cities.
4 N ot computed, since fire department consists of small full-time staff supplemented b y volunteers; full
time staff included elsewhere in this report. This city not included in computation of ratio of employees per
10,000 or per capita cost for city group or for all cities.
5 Township classified as urban b y special rule of the U. S. Bureau of the Census.
44
T
able
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
D . — Distribution of salaries and employees in fire departments of each o f 3
M iddle Atlantic cities of group 7,1 by occupation , J u ly 1 , 1938
N ew York
Pennsylvania
Total
num
Philadelphia
Buffalo
ber of
Pittsburgh
employN um Salary N um
ees
Salary N um Salary
ber
ber
ber
Division and occupation
All occupations _ _ ___ __ _
__ _________
_
Fire fighting:
Chiefs . . .
_______ _____ _____ ______ . . .
Assistant or deputy chiefs.. _ _______ ___ _ .
Battalion or district chiefs______ _______ ____
Captains____
. . ___ _
___ ____ _ . . .
Lieutenants._ _
_ ‘ . _____________ __ .
P ilots ._ ___________________________________ __
Engineers, fire engine____ __________________ .
Engineers, marine_________________________ . . .
Privates:
1st grade________________
. . ---------------2d g r a d e ___ ____ _________ _______ ______
3d grade . . . __ _______________________ .
4th grade________ _____ ____________
_
5th grade_____ ___________ _________
Miscellaneous:
Marine p ip em en .. . . . ____________ _ _
Stokers_____ _____ _______________________
3, 778
916
2,009
3
5
39
263
146
9
6
1
2
18
51
52
3
6
$7,500
4, 500
2,915
2, 475
2,365
2,200
3
1
$6,300
1
4,200
11
3,150
2, 850
90
94
2,700
6
2,700
2,200
2, 340
2, 700 IJ 6
736
2,200 1,500
100
12
1, 650
12
2,866
124
50
8
12
6
Fire p revention.. ________________________________
A pparatus:3
Superintendents of m achinery.. .
. . . . ___
Assistant superintendents of machinery_______
Machinists____ _________
_______
Auto m echanics______________ _____ . . . .
General mechanics:
Blacksmiths________________ _____________
Carpenters_______ ____ ___________________
Metal workers.
______ __________ _
P a in ters________
. _________________ .
Upholsterers..
__ ________ ____________
Mechanics’ helpers:
Auto mechanics’ helpers.......... ...............
Fire alarm:3
Superintendents__
________________________
Assistant superintendents_____________________
Operators, fire alarm__________________________
Operators, telephone__________________________
L in e m e n ______________ ______ _______________
Linemen’s helpers. _ _________ ______________
Miscellaneous:
Box testers and battery men . _ ___ ____
Cable splicers__________ . .
______ . . .
Cable splicers’ helpers_____ . . .
Construction foremen or supervisors___ .
Instrument repairmen .. . . . . . . . .
Superintendents of signal boxes______ ___
Assistant superintendents of signal boxes._.
\
6
2,101
1
2
10
122
$5,970
3, 750
3, 300
2,700
2,190
630
2, 310
1,825
24
50
8
2 090
1 980
1, 870
1
1
1
2, 530
1, 780
1,670
2
1
1,920
1,650
2, 255
00
(2)
2
2
8
22
1
1
1
4
3,301
2,101
2,070
2,070
1
1
7
18
2,600
2, 300
1, 800
2,200
5
3
2
6
1
2
2,070
2
2,070
3
3
2
4
1
1, 700
1, 700
1, 900
1, 600
1,700
11
2
1, 620
9
1, 450
2
2
20
31
12
3
1
1
4
4
4
3,601
2, 761
2, 300
2,000
2,101
1
1
16
27
8
3
2, 500
2,400
1, 800
1, 800
1, 800
1, 400
1
1
1
1
1
1,600
2, 401
2,101
2,401
2,401
1
1
2, 550
2,100
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Clerical:
Secretaries_____ ______________________________
Chief clerks_______________ ________ _______
Clerks________________________________________
Stenographers......... .......... ......................................
2
1
2
4
Miscellaneous:
Cleaners. _ ___________________________________
Instructors _ __ __ ___________________________
Storekeepers_____________________________ .
78
2
1
1
2,460
1
1, 950
1
2
1,480
2,101
1
1,350
78
900
1 Includes cities of 500,000 or more, based on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
2 M en from uniformed force assigned to this work.
3 W ork of this division performed b y separate city bureau in Pittsburgh.
853
46
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
T
able
E . — D istr ib u tio n o f salaries and em p lo yees in fire d epartm ents o f
New Jersey
TN* | •.
J|
T otal
num- Camden
ber of
em©
ploy- &
>>
ees
a
&
d
•a
OQ
fc
j•
All occupations2 ____ ____ _
_____
3,385 168
Elizabeth
©
©
JOi
a
d
£
£
a
OQ
174
12
19
3
1 $4,000
2 2,840
1 $4,500
1 3,700
3
Fire fighting:
Chiefs - - _________ _
Assistant or deputy chiefs_______
Assistant deputy chiefs. ______
4
Battalion or district chiefs____ __
51
2 2,520
1 3, 200
1
2
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
Newark
» 2,280
2, 742
7 2,400 } 12
24 2,464
a
d
See footnotes at end of table.
Trenton
©
Vi
©
&
a
d
a
a
OQ
oq
727
214
a
d
fc
a
a
OQ
224
1 $5, 200
1 $4,200
1 5,000
3 4,200
[3,400 1
[ 4 3,000
12 < to
U 000 1
13,000
90 < to | 33 2,500
(3,200
C aptains... _________ ___
310 f
l
Lieutenants___ __ ________
194
Pilots________________ ._ _ ._
1
1
1 2, 220
Engineers, fire engine.. . . . ._
22
1
1
Engineers, m a rin e___________ __
Drivers. _ . . . . . _____ _______ _
4 2,325
87 21 2,040
Privates:
1st grade______ ______
2,190 105 2,040 106 2,325 527
2d grade_______ ______ __ ._
6 2,116
99
3d grade___ . . . . ____ . . .
9 1,991
6 1,680
33
4th grade_______ ____ _
3 1,560
39
5th g r a d e ______ _____
6 1,500
37
6th grade___ ____________
14
7th grade____ _________
9
8th grade____________________
6
Miscellaneous:
1
Superintendents of h ose.. __
1
Assistant superintendents of
hose.
2
Stokers______ . _ __________
2
Fire prevention:4
Marshals or wardens_____ ______
4
1 2,400
1 2, 464
1
1
Chief inspectors. ____ _______
1 2,325 22
32
1 2,040
Inspectors ____ ______________
Apparatus:5
1
Superintendents of machinery___
9
1 2,742
Assistant superintendents of ma
1 2,464
8
chinery___ __ ._ . . _______ _
1
1
Machinists
.
. . . .
Master m echanics_______ ___ _
3
22
10
Auto mechanics
General mechanics:
1
2
Blacksmiths
5
C a r p e n te rs..__ ______ _____
{ f
1
1
Electricians
General mechanics’ helpers.._
3
il 2
2
4
Painters_____ . __________ _
Plumbers___________ _______
Woodworkers
_______
Miscellaneous:
Garagemen
__ ___________
Laborers____________________
>>
£
Paterson
1 $4,400
2 3,600
2 3,300
15 2,800
14 2,700
3,500
3,180
6 2,300
2,500 143
7
1
5
2, 300 133 2,400
6 2, 300
2,200
4 2,200
2,100
6 2,100
2,000
19 2,000
3 1,950
3,000
3,200
2,500
5,000
4 2,300
1 2,700
1 3,200
2 2,600
1 2,900
3,020
3, 020
3,020
3,099 } i
2,700
3, 600 J
3,542
1,409
2,024 J
2,657
1
1
1 3,600
2
2
2 2,000
4 2,700
47
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
each o f 12 M iddle Atlantic cities of group I I , 1 by occupation, J u ly 1, 1938
N ew Y ork
N um ber
A lb a n y
>>
C3
'c3
GO
Syracu se
©
&
Sh
©
&
>>
a
a
£
'3
GO
a
1
2
$ 4 ,5 0 0
>»
ce
'cS
in
1
z
527
235
1
R o ch ester
385
$ 4 ,9 0 0
3 ,6 0 0
1
2
P e n n s y l v a n ia
U tic a
Y onkers
u
©
a
a
&
a
Z
c3
CO
z
Ias
a
Z
GO
188
$ 6 ,0 0 0
3 ,0 0 0
E r ie
Vi
©
,o
1
4
v
©
©
,a
a
184
$ 4 ,0 0 0
2 ,5 0 0
1
2
S c r a n to n
V
03
'S
GO
a
145
$6, 500
4 ,5 0 0
1
1
i
I
>»
js
*3
CO
a
a
Z
214
$ 3 ,3 6 0
2 ,9 4 0
1
2
$ 2 ,8 0 0
2 ,4 6 0
1
2
3
3 ,1 0 0
8
2, 350
36
2 ,6 0 0
32
2 ,2 2 0
17
2 ,3 0 0
18
2, 250
36
2 ,4 0 0
32
2 ,2 0 0
19
2 ,2 0 0
18
2
2 ,1 7 0
2
2 ,0 5 0
2
2 .0 4 0
1
2 ,6 6 6
279
2 .0 4 0
121
5
1
6
2 ,0 0 0
1 ,8 5 0
1, 700
1, 550
2 ,6 0 0
17
17
3 165
10
4
2 ,7 4 0
10
4
357
45
1, 90 0
1, 8 0 0
1, 700
1
1
2 ,1 0 0
1 ,7 8 5
6
2 ,2 6 0
4
2 ,1 6 0
12
2 ,1 6 0
5
2 ,1 0 0
22
2 ,1 0 0
6
17
2 ,1 0 0
8
9
10
2
2 ,2 8 0
4 ,0 0 0
12
3 ,4 0 0
12
100
9
3 ,0 0 0
2 ,8 7 5
5
4
6
9
6
2, 625
2, 500
2 ,3 0 0
2 ,1 0 0
1 ,9 4 0
31
1 ,9 8 0
22
2 .0 4 0
55
3
4
8
8
5
1 ,9 2 0
1 ,8 6 0
1 ,8 0 0
1 ,7 4 0
1 ,6 8 0
1, 620
99
8
4
2 .0 4 0
1 ,9 2 0
1 ,8 0 0
1 ,6 8 0
6
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
2 ,7 0 0
2 ,1 0 0
21
1
2
2 ,6 0 0
1, 90 0
{
1
2 ,7 4 0
1
2, 730
1
2 ,7 4 0
1
2 ,4 1 0
2
2 ,1 9 0
1
2 ,2 4 0
2
2, 258
1
2 ,0 0 0
1
2 ,0 0 0
1
2 ,0 0 0
1
1 ,5 0 0
1 ,8 0 0
1
2 ,2 4 0
1
2 ,2 4 0
1
1
1
2 ,9 0 0
2, 500
2 ,0 5 0
1
( 6)
1
2 ,1 0 0
3
2 ,0 4 0
1
2 ,2 8 0
1
2 ,2 0 0
25
1
2 ,1 0 0
2
2 ,0 4 0
26
27
28
29
3 ,4 0 0
1
1 ,9 8 0
30
31
32
33
34
25
36
J
37
38
48
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
T
able
E .— Distribution of salaries and employees in fire departments o f each o f
New Jersey
Division and occupation
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
s as
51
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
Fire alarm :7
Superintendents. . _ . . . ____
Assistant superintendents___
Operators, chief fire alarm
Operators, fire alarm. ..
Operators, telephone____________
Inspectors.____ _______________ .
Electricians_____________________
Linemen________________________
Linemen’s helpers___ _______ __
Miscellaneous:
Cable splicers...... ................
Laborers_________________ _
Superintendents of buildings.
Clerical:
S ecretaries.......... . __
Chief clerks______________
Bookkeepers___ ___________ _
Clerks _________ _____ ____ ___
Stenographers____ ______________
Typists_____________ ____ ______
Miscellaneous:
Instructors________________ _____
Ambulance division:
Chauffeurs________ _____ __
Orderlies________ ______ _
Building inspectors ___________
Charwom en._ _
_ __________
Experts, anhydrous . __________
Janitors______ __ _____________
Surgeons________________________
Total
num Camden
ber of
em
u
ploy ©
ees
b
a
«
CJ
CO
£
Elizabeth
Newark
©
.o
a
a
fc
Sh
©
.a
a
a
£
>>
08
'oS
CO
i $2, 742
i 2,464
9
6
2
37
13
2
2 2,325
4
39
2
1 2,325
Trenton
©
©
>»
03
a
CO
{
i
1, 500
2,500
XU
a
%
03
a
CO
1 $2, 800
)
V
2,200
{ i f 2,500 }
i 2,080
i
>»
03
a
a
d
i $5,000
i 2,920
1
5
1
4
3
2
9
{
2
2
Paterson
4 2,300
i
2,300
6 $1,900
1 1,425
2,850
3, 325
{1
{1
1,900
2,090
1, 872
1 2,800
i $1,856
i
1, 300
1, 440 /
{
i 5.000
i 2.000
2,700 \
i 3,000 V
i 1,580
1 2,400
-
2
2
1
1
1
2
1 4,500
(9)
1 Includes cities with a population of 100,000 and under 500,000, based on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
2 Totals include regular full-time employees, but do not include part-time employees, call men, or volun
teers.
3 Does not include 18 extra privates hired for 3 months during vacation period at $125 per month.
4 W ork of this division performed b y men assigned from fire-fighting division in Rochester.
49
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
Middle Atlantic cities of group I I , by occupation, July 1, 1938— Continued
12
Pennsylvania
N ew York
N um ber
Albany
&
a
CQ
1
1
\
Rochester
Syracuse
S
h
O
£2
a
(-4
©
&
•a
CO
z
$2, 750
2,200
2,100
2,100
1 $2, 740
1 2,240
1.900
1.900
1
2
1
1.900
1.900
2,100 }
2
{
i
2,100
1,248
1,500 J
l
2,600
1
1,500
1
1,700
{
1
2
2
<5
£i
B
&
•a
CO
3
Z
&
•a
CO
1
{
a
3
z
<D
.o
a
■a
CO
CO
'a
CO
Z
1 $3,200
1 $2,300
1 2,050
1,600
1,800 /
8
2,040
$2,400 39
40
1,500 41
3 1,200 42
43
44
1
5
2,040
(6)
1
3
2,300
1,950
{
1
3,000
2,100 /
1
1
45
2,220 46
1,740 47
48
49
50
1
2,700
i
2,300
1
1
1,500
1,300
1
2,640
1
1
2,300
1
1,350
1
3,200
1,500 51
52
53
54
55
56
57
1,600
1,800
1
600
i
1, 500
1,600
(8)
1
(9)
Scranton
Erie
1
3
3
2
at
z
$3,800
2,800
2,300
2,000
1,800
S
©-i
£2
1
'a
CO
1
i
i
i
4
3
Yonkers
Utica
3,000
)
(9)
6 W ork of this division performed b y separate city bureau or private company in Camden.
• W ork done b y men assigned from fire-fighting division.
7 W ork of this division performed b y separate city bureau or private com pany in Camden and Erie.
8 W ork performed b y separate city bureau.
9 On call.
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
50
T
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
able
F.— Distribution of salaries and employees in fire departments of each o f 23
Middle Atlantic cities of group I I I , 1 by occupation, July 1, 1938
N ew Jersey
Division and occupation
Total
num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees
Atlantic Bayonne East Hoboken Irving
City
Orange
ton
S
<x-i>
a
3
a>
&
'S
gq
All occupations 2 _______ ________
2,303 219
a
z
198
<3
&
'S
GO
1
z
97
5
CD
X*
1
'e§
GO
a
z
144
&
•a
GQ
►»
03
z
75
•a
GQ
Passaic
<x>
,a
a
53
z
>>
03
•a
GQ
90
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
Fire fighting:
D o l.
22 1 4, 625 1 5,500 1 5,000 1 5,000 1 3,200 1 3,600
Chiefs. _____________________
27 2 3, 793 1 5,000 1 4,000 3 3, 750 2 3,000 1 3,400
Assistant or deputy chiefs____
1 4, 750
1 3, 300
5
Assistant, deputy chiefs
15 4 3, 515
Battalion or district chiefs _ _
253 34 2, 775 25 3,200 16 3,000 20 2, 750 8 2,800 15 3,100
C aptains._ . . . _____________
98
7 2,600 9 2,900
Lieutenants
12 2,250
25 11 2,359
Engineers, fire engine
3 2,700
15
Senior engineers, fire engine
11 11 2, 359
Assistant engineers, fire engine _
18 2,250
143 9 2, 359 33 2,700
Drivers_______ _______T _____
Privates:
1st grade.................. ............ 1,424 132 2,359 110 2,500 66 2,500 90 2,250 51 2, 500 60 2,500
2 2,400
44 1 1,896
2d grade _
40
3d grade_____________ ___
17 2,100
39
4th grade _ _
15
5th grade _ _ _
__
6th grade __
13
Probationary
8 1,700
8
2 1 2,960
Miscellaneous: Drill masters. _
,
Fire prevention:6
Marshals or wardens
3
Chief inspectors
(7)
(7)
1 2,500
7
Inspectors
(7)
A pparatus:8
1 3,200
1 2,200
5
Superintendents of machinery
(7)
Assistant superintendents of
1
1 3, 200
machinery
2 2,800
2
M achinists.
_________
(7)
4 1 2,868
Master mechanics
_____
2,451
Auto mechanics
17 {l *3 2, 544 J
(7)
)~
General mechanics: Black
1
1 2,800
smiths
Mechanics’ helpers: Auto me
1
chanics’ helpers
Fire alarm :9
1 4,250 1 4,000
10
Superintendents
__
(7)
5
Assistant superintendents
1
Operators, chief fire ala rm ____
1 2,150
3 2,500
Operators, fire alarm
_____
16
Operators, telephone
2
Inspectors___________________
(7)
Electricians _
______ __
5
2,500
Linemen
__
_
n 2,900
1 1,600
9
Il l
J
C lerical:10
Secretaries
1 2,700
4 1 2,868 1 3,200
1 1,650
4
Clerks ______________________
Stenographers
... _
2
Miscellaneous:
1 1 2,775
Custodians_____ ____________
Surgeons __________________
(*>
Chaplains___________________
(3)
(3)
Matrons
_
_ _
_ _
4 4 833
See footnotes at end of table.
Union
City
<3
,Q
a
53
Z
$
'a
GQ
120
D o l.
1 4,200
2 3,300
20 2,800
72 2, 500
4 2,400
17 2,200
1 2,800
1 2,500
__1 2,800
1 2,500
51
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
T
F .— Distribution of salaries and employees in fire departments of each of 28
Middle Atlantic cities of group I I I , 1 by occupation, July 1, 1938— Continued
able
Pennsylvania
New York
Division and occupation
Bing
hamton
New
Niagara Schenec
M ount
Vernon Rochelle Falls
tady
©
t©
H
X*
1!
All occupations 2 _______
Eire fighting:
Chiefs___ _ _ __ _ ______
Assistant or deputy chiefs. _
Assistant deputy chiefs____
Captains _ ______________
Lieutenants____ _______
GO
144
©
fc
95
125
131
48
D o l.
1 3, 500
1 2, 850
1 2, 500
2 2, 350
13 2, 250
13 2,175
D o l.
1 5,000
1 3, 500
1 3,000
D o l.
1 6,000
a
3
©
rO
©
&
'os 1
GQ fc
Xi
%
m
£
©
& 1&
GO
£
D o l.
1 3,300
2 2,700
T roy
•a
CO
£
>»
&
•a
m
147 —
D o l.
1 4,300
3 3, 300
D o l.
1 3,050
Allen
town
Altoona
©
©
n
&
'a
S
ZD
86
03
a
CO
§
87
D o l.
1 2,800
4 1,950
2 4,280
3 3,950 i7 2,200 12 2, 500 13 1,850 2 2,100
11 3,400
18 2,325 17 1, 750 11 1,950
D o l.
1 2, 580
1 2,260
8 1,980
8 1,884
1 1,896
12 2,100
Senior engineers, fire engine.
Assistants, engineers, fire
engine_____
Drivers_____
20 1,860
Privates:
88 2,060 32 3,000 60 2,900 89 2,000 75 2,150 91 1,700 58 1,800 28 1,800
1st grade______ ____ 2 1,900 4 2,000 9 1,600 4 1, 725 4 1,680
5 1,928
2d grade
6 1,800
4 1, 650 14 1,560
6 1,856 1 2, 625 1 2, 576
3d grade
_ _
3 1, 784
2 2,463
4th grade
9 1, 700
6 2, 336
5th grade
7 2,025 6 2, 218
6th grade
__
Probationary
_
Miscellaneous: Drill masters.'
Fire prevention:6
1 3,300 1 2,800
Marshals or wardens
_ _ 1 2,250
Chief inspectors
(7)
1 1,680
2
2,200 1 2,000 (7)
Inspectors
(7)
Apparatus:8
Superintendents of ma
1 3,000
chinery
Assistant superintendents of
chinery
Machinists
1 2, 250
1 3, 400
Master mechanics
1 2,200 2 2,400
1 1,920
Auto mechanics
(7)
General mechanics: Black
smiths
Mechanics’ helpers: Auto
mechanics’ helpers. Fire alarm :9
1 2,978
1 2, 900 1 2,700 (7)
Superintendents
(7)
1 1,800
1 2,150 1 2,100
Assistant superintendents
1 1, 380
Operators, chief fire alarm
4 1, 500 3 1, 320
Operators, fire alarm
3 1,800
(7)
Operators, telephone._
Inspectors. ___________ ____
1 2,150
2 1,800
Electricians_________
2 1, 950 ( o 1, 700 ) _
Linemen_______ ____
l 2 2,100
C lerical:10
Secretaries________________
(7)
1 1,800 1 2,200 1 1, 300
Clerks___
(7)
1 1,300
1 1,600
Stenographers___ _ . _ _
Miscellaneous:
Custodians____________ .
Surgeons_______________ . .
Chaplains _____ ______ ___
M atrons__ _____ _________
See footnotes at end of table.
52
T
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
F .— Distribution of salaries and employees in fire departments of each of 28
Middle Atlantic cities of group I l l y 1 by occupation, July 1, 1988 — Continued
able
Bethle Chester Harris
burg
hem
Johns
town
| Number
Pennsylvania— Continued
1
M c
Kees
port
Lan
caster
Division and occupation
All occupations 2______________
jg
13
GQ
43
m i.
Fire fighting:
1 2,640
Chiefs_____________________
2 2,040
Assistant or deputy chiefs..
Assistant deputy chiefs-----Battalion or district chiefs..
Captains__________________
Lieutenants_______________
Engineers, fire engine_____
Senior engineers, fire engine.
Assistant engineers, fire en
gine..................................... .
Drivers........ .............. ............
Privates:
1st g ra d e........................ . 36 1,800
2d grade..........................
3d grade..........................
4th grade......... ...............
5th grade--------------------6th grade_____________
Probationary.............
Miscellaneous: Drill mas
ters_____________________
Fire prevention :6
Marshals or wardens______
Chief inspectors___________
Inspectors________________ - CO
Apparatus : 8
Superintendents of ma
1 1,800
chinery—
Assistant superintendents
of machinery_____
Machinists_________
Master mechanics__
1 1,620
Auto mechanics____
General mechanics: Black
smiths____________
Mechanics’ helpers: Auto
mechanics’ helpers
Fire a larm :9
1 2,160
Superintendents___
Assistant superintendents. .
1 1,620
Operators, chief fire alarm.
Operators, fire alarm_____
Operators, telephone_____
Inspectors. ______________
Electricians______________
Linemen..............................
C lerical:10
Secretaries_______________
Clerks----------------------------Stenographers_______ ____
See footnotes at end of table.
I
P»>
'S
13
GQ
t>>
£
15
GQ
i
3
70
17
m i.
(3)
(3)
&
tx>
rO
&
13
GQ
§
63
85
m i.
1
z
m i.
1 2,700
1 2,100
1 1,800
t>»
c3
13
GQ
2,820
&
13
GQ
M
13
GQ
£
%
~Dd.
m i.
1 3,500 1 2,000
1 2,530 (4)
1 2,350
1 3, 500
1 2,400
1 2,500
16 2,040
1 2,000
8 1,620
2 2,208
6 2,117 17 2,020
4 1,941
1
&
13
GQ
1
33
122
m i.
2 2,400
15 1,695
(5)
&
a
York
£
,Q
©
rQ
64
m i.
WilkesBarre
30 1,560
18 2,062
54 1,680 56 1,848 52 1,500 33 1,971 91 1,890 (5)
9 1, 560
1 1,440 7 1,584
1 1,968
2 1,971 (7)
(4)
. . I 2,146
1 2,080
1 2,240
u
1,980
2,100 /
1 1,800
1 1,800
1 2,520
1 1,800
1 1,800
2
2
(4)
(*)
1 1,320
—
1 1,962
1 1,620
960
840
1 2,500
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
53
F .— Distribution of salaries and employees in fire departments of each of 23
Middle Atlantic cities of group I I I , 1 by occupation, July 1, 1938— Continued
T able
1 Includes cities with a population of 50,000 and under 100,000, based on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
2 Totals include full-time employees but do not include part-time employees, call men, or volunteers.
3 On call.
4 Part-time.
5 Volunteers.
« W ork of this division performed b y men assigned from fire-fighting division in East Orange, Passaic,
M ount Vernon, N ew Rochelle, and Johnstown.
7 W ork done b y men assigned from fire-fighting division.
8 W ork of this division performed b y separate city bureau or private company in East Orange, Allen
town, and McKeesport.
8
W ork of this division performed b y separate city bureau or private company in Atlantic City, Bing
hamton, Niagara Falls, Altoona, and Johnstown, and b y men assigned from fire-fighting division in H o
boken.
10
In cities which report no employees in this division, clerical work is usually done b y members assigned
from fire-fighting division.
T a b l e G . — D istrib u tio n o f salaries and em p lo yees in fire departments in each o f
July 1, 1938
M id d le
A tla n tic
cities
o f group I V , 1 by occupation ,
Or
New Jersey
All occupations8
_____
_______
_
Fire fighting:
Chiefs
____ _ _____ _______ _
Assistant or deputy chiefs_________ _
Assistant deputy chiefs
_ _____
Captains
_
_ __ _ _ __
Lieutenants
_ _ __ . _
Engineer, fire engine
_ _
Drivers
_ _ _______
Privates:
1st grade
____ __________ 2d grad e___ _ ____ __
3d grade
_ __
4th grade. _ . . . __
______ 5th grade _
______- _________
Probationary
. .. ______ ___
Miscellaneous: Drill masters . ____
Fire prevention: «
Marshals or wardens
Chief inspectors
__ _ ___________
Inspectors
Apparatus:7
Superintendents of machinery. ___
Assistant superintendents of mach
inery
_ _ __. . .
Machinists
__ _
Master mechanics
Auto mechanics
Mechanics’ helpers: Auto mechanics’
helpers____ _____________________
1,304
26
26
1
119
73
3
116
765
29
36
19
10
1
1
Clifton
Kearny
79
63
69
1 $3, 700
1 3,200
1 $3,200
2 2,990
1 $4, 312
1 3, 710
1 $4, 700
2 3,500
3
2,700
4
4
6
2,750
6
3
3,008
2,707
7
7
3,200
2,950
16
2,500
53
2, 500
67
2, 507
36
2, 700
8
1
1
1
2, 300
2,200
2,100
1, 600
1
3,200
1
1
2,100
1,900
28
10
2
2, 500
2,400
2,300
Orange
1
1
5
1
1
Perth
Amboy
2, 600
1 $3,360
1 2,780
5
2, 592
37
2,304
8
2, 520
3
7
2,460
2.400
22
2.400
1
2,400
Plainfield
23
(6)
Salary
59
1 $3,000
(3)
Number
Salary
Number
25
1 $3, 600
2 2,800
3
1
1
1
9
Salary
Number
Salary
44
47
1 $3,500
2 3,000
3,000
2,700
New Bruns
wick
Number
Salary
Number
Salary
Number
Salary
Number
Salary
Number
i
Number j
Salary
64
25
Montclair
'
1
Bloomfield
1
Belleville
1
1
$4,500
3,200
4
4
2,900
2,700
41
1
2
3
2,500
2,350
2,200
2,100
2,200
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
Total
number
of em
ployees
Division and occupation
Fire alarm:8
Superintendents_________
Assistant superintendents..
Operators, fire alarm_____
Operators,telephone_____
Electricians_____________
Linemen_________
Linemen’s helpers.
(0)
(8)
1
1,200
1
4,250
7
1
1
1,300
(«)
1,200
2,500
1,248
1,620 / ----
{ 1
Clerical: 10
Secretaries_______
Clerks___________
Bookkeepers_____
See footnotes at end of table.
(6)
1
1
2,700
2,000
3,911
1
3,400
3
2,700
1
1,500
, C6)
1
0 1)
2
2,400
2, 300
(8)
(0)
1
1
2,400
1,526
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
Miscellaneous:
Building inspectors_________
Assistant building inspectors..
1
O*
CR
T a b l e G . — D istrib u tio n o f salaries and em p lo yees in fire departm ents in each o f 2 9 M id d le A tla n tic cities o f group 7F, 1 b y occu p a tion ,
J u ly 1 , 1 9 8 8 — Continued
New York
New Jersey*--Continued
West New
York
M
Woodbridge
CD
CD
rO
jf
c3
GO
l
All
occupations2 _
______________
Fir© fighting:
Chiefs _
__ ______ _________
Assistant nr deputy chiefs
Assistant deputy chiefs________
Captains_____ _______ _ ___
Lieutenants___________________
73
12
3,100
51
2,500
4
2,100
1
3,100
Engineer, fire engine
Drivers
Privates:
1st grade__________________
2d grade
__
______
3d grade
____
______
4th grade
_ _ ___________
5th grade
__ _________
Probationary
______
M iscellaneous: D rill m asters
Fire prevention:6
Marshals or wardens
Chief inspectors________ _______
Inspectors____ ________________
Apparatus: 7
Superintendents of machinery. _.
Assistant superintendents of ma
chinery
Machinists.
Master mechanics _____
Auto mechanics____
Mechanics' helpers: Auto me
chanics' helpers.........................
n
>»
a
'S
OQ
&
•a
&
oq
6
1 $4,000
1 3,500
Amsterdam
54
(3)
i $2,400
l 2,350
4
(3)
2,300
Auburn
Elmira
CD
&
■a
OQ
l
56
Jamestown
CD
.f i
&
•a
OQ
!
£
75
►
»
•a
OQ
1
67
Kingston
©
CD
,0
OQ
1 $2,880
1 $3,000
2 2, 220
1 $2,400
2 1,978
5
1,860
6
6
1,950
1,860
7
7
1, 920
1,860
13
1,818
15
1,800
27
1,740
35 1,800
1 1,667
4 1,533
47
1
4
1,800
1,680
1,560
43
3
1
1,711
1, 657
1,604
1
1,800
1
1,711
1
2,160
1
1,920
£
45
28
1 $2,400
1 2,040
>»
&
'a
OQ
.0
Z
1 $3, 250
1 2,520
2,040
1, 920
1,800
6
1,800
8
9
4
1,600
1,500
1,300
1
1,900
(•)
1
3,500
1
1,920
1
1
1,818
1, 900
1,850
Rome
©
.a,
CD
.a
1
'S
OQ
Z
40
1 $2,400
1 2,100
6
7
20
2
2
Pough
keepsie
Newburgh
36
1 $3,000
(3)
(3)
2 2,250
32
2
a
OQ
i
2,190
1, 760
1
2,250
1
2,190
1
2
$2,800
2,050
4
4
1,900
1,840
21
1,780
1
1,560
1
1,980
2,160
(6)
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
Division and occupation
Oi
o>
Fire alarm:
Superintendents_________
Assistant superintendents..
Operators, fire alarm_____
Operators, telephone_____
Electricians_____________
Linemen___________ _____
Linemen’s helpers..............
3,500
3,100
2,040
1,920
1,740
2,250
( 8)
( 8)
1,860
1,780
1,818
(8)
1,300
1,860
1,766
( 6)
( 8)
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
See footnotes at end of table.
1,800
2,160
1,920
1,920
Clerical: w
Secretaries__
Clerks______
Bookkeepers..
Miscellaneous:
Building inspectors_________
Assistant building inspectors..
1
1
(»)
(•)
CTi
-< r
T
a b l e G .—
D istrib u tio n o f salaries and em p lo yees in fire departm ents in each o f 2 9 M id d le A tla n tic cities o f group I V A
J u ly 1, 1 9 8 8 — Continued
New York—Continued
Watertown White Plains
Aliquippa
Easton
Hazleton
co
%
All occupations2__________________
Fire fighting:
Chiefs_________ ___ ________
Assistant or deputy chiefs______
Assistant deputy chiefs__ ______
Captains_____ _____ __________
Lieutenants___________________
Engineer, fire engine __ ___
Drivers_____
_
__ __
Privates:
1st grade______ _ __ ___
2d grade________ ___ ____
3d grade _ ________ _____
4th grade
_ _ _______
fith grade
Probationary _ ________
Miscellaneous: Drill masters__
Fire prevention:5
Marshals or wardens
Chief inspectors
Inspectors __
_
1 $3,000
1 2, 256
1 2,136
5 1,944
5 1,872
1,800
1, 728
1,656
1,584
__ ___
__ _____
_______
Apparatus: ?
Superintendents of machinery___
Assistant superintendents of ma
chinery _____ ___________
Machinists ___ ____________
Master m ech anics-........... ........
Auto mechanics ______ _____
Mechanics’ helpers: Auto me
chanics’ helpers.........................
>>
Js
a
S
CO
§
79
48
23
3
1
4
©
©
£>
©
-Q
a!
a
B
3
£
CO
3
fc
CO
34
8
1 $4,833
1 $3,300
2
6
3,625
3,093
3
2,100
4
1,500
66
2,750
4
2,150
(3)
&
a
B
U
£
B
Nanticoke
3
£
1
&
a
CO
23
1 $2,700
1 2,100
(4)
23 $1, 560
25
4
1,800
1,700
1
2,000
1
1,920
00
I
fc
>»
S3
a
New Castle
^
-1
©
rO
B
3
CO
12
fc
03
a
CO
49
Sharon
©
rO
03
©
Ja
a
CO
%
i>»
'5
n
15
2,088
B
>
(u»
03
a
CO
CO
30
51
1 $2,400
1 $2, 520
1 2, 220
1
$2,424
6
8
1,761
1, 704
2
2,220
4
2
7
1,836
10
1,800
18
1,752
26
2
1,704
1, 579
11
1,800
10
1,740
22
1,680
1
1,836
12 $1,620
00
I
©
S3
'o3
1 $2,016
1 1,891
(4)
(4)
(3)
Wilkinsburg Williamsport
2,040
1,920
CO
1
1,920
1
1,680
1
1.577
1
2,220
SALARIES AND HOURS. FIRE DEPARTMENTS
>>
£
•a
B
Q jl
00
Pennsylvania
Division and occupation
1
b y occu p a tion ,
Fire alarm:
Superintendents________
Assistant superintendents.
Operators, fire alarm____
Operators, telephone____
Electricians_____________
Linemen_______________
Linemen’s helpers_______
1
1
(e)
1,800
1
1,577
2
1,980
1 1,800 \
1 1,872 J-
Clerical: i°
Secretaries__________________________
Clerks________________________
1
Bookkeepers________________________
1
1Includes cities with a population of 25,000 and under 50,000, based on U. S. Census
of Population for 1930.
2 Totals include regular, full-time employees, but do not include part-time employees,
call men, or volunteers.
3 Volunteers.
4 On call.
6 Work of this division performed by men assigned from fire-fighting division in
Belleville, Amsterdam, and Watertown.
6 Work performed by men assigned from fire-fighting division.
1,920
(6)
(6)
(n )
7 Work of this division performed by men assigned from fire-fighting division in Mont
clair and by a separate city bureau or private company in Amsterdam.
8 Work of this division performed by separate city bureau or private company in
Plainfield and by men assigned from fire-fighting division in White Plains.
9 Part-time.
i° w ork of this division performed by men assigned from fire-fighting division in Am
sterdam.
ii Work performed by separate city bureau.
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
Miscellaneous:
Building inspectors________
Assistant building inspectors.
1
1,836
1,680
O l
CD
60
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
T a b l e H . — Distribution of employees in specified divisions of fire departments of
67 Middle Atlantic cities, by average hours on duty per week, July 1, 1938
Number of employees
Average
hours
on duty
per
week
System of operation
All systems______
All divisions
City group 2
All
cities
410,770
Continuous duty.
Single platoon 5____________
On 2 days, off 1 day------On 3 days, off 1 day____
On 4.5 days, off 2.5 days.
On 5 days, off 2 days___
On 5.5 days, off 1.5 days.
On 6 days, off 1 day____
168.0
59
112.0
44
4
126.0
108.0
2-platoon—with additional time off duty 7------Shift 3d day, off 1 day per week----------------Shift 4th day, off 1 day per week---------------Shift 6th day, off 1 day per week---------------Shift 7th day, off 1 day per week---------------Shift 8th day, off 0.9 day per week-------------10-group elimination system, shift 7th day,
off 1.5 days per week____________________
10-group system, shift 5th day, off 1.4 days
per week_______________________________
2,303
1,304
13
21
12
2
11
132.0
144.0
1
18
84.0
84.0
84.0
84.0
84.0
84.0
5,180
1,640
1,884
525
64
1,026
41
72.0
72.0
72.0
72.0
73.5
IV
8
120.0
2-platoon—regular 6-------------On 24 hours, off 24 hours.
Shift 3d day____________
Shift 4th day___________
Shift 5th day___________
Shift 6th day___________
Shift 7th day___________
3,385
3,778
III
15
2, 785
602
1,017
167
64
935
1,390
746
305
248
340
777
147
154
3,520
2,642
4,857
2,812
186
200
43.8
110
91
220
23
32
200
526
878
140
878
221
72.0
Other8
993
280
562
64
191
191
630
101
58
Number of employees
Fire fighting
System of operation
Chiefs
All
cities
All systems-------------------------------------Continuous duty
. ___________ -Single platoon 5
_ ______ _______
________
On 3 days, off 1 day
On 4 5 days, off 2.5 days____ _____
On 5.5 days, off 1.5 days__________
On 6 days, off 1 day__________ ___
9 •nlatrinn rPSTllar ® ________ ____
On 24 hours, off 24 hours_________
Shift 3d day
______
Shift 4th day . ________________
Shift 6th day - .. ____________
Shift 7th day - ________________
2 -platoon—with additional time off
7
________________
Shift 3d day, off 1 day per week---Shift 4th day, off 1 day per w eek...
Shift 6th day, off 1 day per week__
Shift 7th day, off 1 day per week__
10-group system, shift 5th day, off
1 4 days per wpftk
Other8------ -----------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.
63
44~
4
1
1
1
1
7
2
2
3
Assistants to chiefs1
City group 3
II
I
3
3
III
12
9
1
22
16
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
IV
26
16
3
1
1
1
4
2
2
cities
86
10
3
2
61
24
27
5
4
1
12
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
I
II
5
2
1
III
22
3
32
4
IV
27
1
2
1
1
4
1
5
City group 3
All
1
2
2
1
17
6
6
1
4
20
11
6
3
2
8
22
5
15
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
61
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
T a b l e H . — D istrib u tio n o f em p lo yees in specified d ivision s o f fire departm ents o f
6 7 M id d le A tla n tic cities , b y average hours on d u ty per w eek , J u ly 1, 1 9 3 8 —
Continued
Number of employees
Fire fighting
Fire prevention
Others
System of operation
All
cities
All systems______
City group 2
All
cities3
I
II
III
IV
3,541
3,097
2,145
1,172
Continuous duty.
Single platoon 8_________
On 2 days, off 1 day. _
On 3 days, off 1 day_ _
On 5 days, off 2 days..
On 6 days, off 1 day. _
2-platoon—regular 8_________
On 24 hours, off 24 hours..
Shift 3d day____________
Shift 4th day___________
Shift 5th day---------------Shift 6th day___________
Shift 7th day___________
37
4
7
11
15
11
5,084
1, 604
1,845
513
64
1,018
40
10
10
2-platoon—with additional time off
duty 7------------------------------------------- 4,831
Shift 3d day, off 1 day per week___ 2,809
Shift 4th day, off 1 day per week__
177
Shift 6th day, off 1 day per week.
196
519
Shift 7th day, off 1 day per week__
Shift 8th day, off 0.9 day per week..
878
10-group elimination system, shift
64
7th day, off 1.5 days per week___
10-group system, shift 5th day, off
188
1.4 days per week______________
4
4
15
City group 2
III
II
54
37
1
1
IV
10
7
7
7
11
15
2, 755
592
1,010
162
64
927
1, 368
735
298
244
951
267
537
107
1
1
1
1
91
40
336
3, 520
2, 642
196
140
878
761
144
148
214
23
29
4
217
162
3
2
2
2
1
8
4
1
1
64
188
1
2
Other 8.
48
36
Number of employees
Apparatus
Fire alarm
System of operation
City group 2
All
cities
All systems______
173
II
62
64
III
IV
City group 2
All
cities
31
290
30
267
II
III
IV
Continuous duty..
2-platoon—regular 6_________
On 24 hours, off 24 hours.
Shift 3d day.....................
Shift 4th day___________
2-platoon—with additional time off
duty 7. . . _____________ ____________
Shift 4th day, off 1 day per week..
Shift 6th day, off 1 day per week..
4
2
2
Other 8..... .............................. ......... .....
165
See footnotes at end of table.
62
77
31
62
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
T a b l e H . — D istrib u tio n o f em p lo ye es in specified d iv isio n s o f fire d ep a rtm en ts o f
67
M id d le A tla n tic c ities, b y average hours on d u ty per w eek, J u l y
1938—
1,
Continued
Number of employees
Clerical
Miscellaneous
System of operation
All
cities
All systems............................. ................
49
2-platoon—regular 6____ ____ ________
Shift 3d day___ _________ _____
Shift 6th day ___________________
2
2
2-platoon—with additional time off
duty 7__________
_ __________ _
Shift 4th day, off 1 day per week.._
1
1
Other 8_____________________________
46
City group 2
I
II
9
22
III
10
IV
All
cities
City group 2
I
81
II
III
8
100
2
2
4
4
4
4
10
IV
5
4
5
4
1
1
9
22
10
5
96
81
6
1 Includes assistant or deputy chiefs and assistant deputy chiefs.
2 Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II, cities of 100,000 and under 500,000;
group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV, cities of 25,000 and under 50,000, based on U. S.
Census of Population for 1930.
3 No employees in this division in group I.
4 Includes only full-time employees.
The average number of hours on duty per week for employees in each variation of the single-platoon
system is arrived at by dividing the total number of hours on duty per year for each variation by 52.143.
6 Under each variation of the regular 2-platoon system the employees work in two platoons, one platoon
being on duty while the other is off duty. Over a period of days, therefore, each platoon is on duty as many
hours as the other, or an average of 12 hours a day and 84 hours a week.
7 Under the 2-platoon system with additional time off duty, the employees are on duty less than an aver
age of 84 hours per week. The average number of weekly hours on duty under this system is arrived at
by deducting the number of additional weekly hours off from 84.
8 The average number of hours per week is arrived at by dividing the total weekly man-hours by the total
number of employees classified as “ other.”
T able
I . — D istrib u tio n o f em p loyees and salaries in fire departm ents o f 6 7 M id d le A tla n tic cities, by occupation , J u ly 1, 1 9 3 8
Total salaries
Number of employees
Division and occupation
City group *
City group i
All cities
All cities
I
II
III
IV
I
II
III
IV
10, 770
3, 778
3,385
2,303
1, 304
$24,148,455
$8, 384, 875
$7,790,669
$5,121,987
$2, 850,924
Fire fighting:_____________________ _________
Chiefs_______________ __ _
Assistant or deputy chiefs_______________
Assistant deputy chiefs___________________________
Battalion chiefs________ ____ _ ______
Captains. _ __________ _______________
Lieutenants________ ____ _____ _________
Pilots _________________________________________
Engineers, fire engine__________________________ .
Engineers, marine________________________________
Drivers___ ____________________________
Privates:
1st grade_____________ . . . ___________________
2d grade___________ ____ _________ ..
3d grade_____________________________________
4th grade____________________________________
5th grade and below__________________________
Probationary________________________________
Miscellaneous
10,104
63
77
9
105
945
511
10
82
13
346
3,549
3
5
3,131
12
19
3
51
310
194
1
22
1
87
2,199
22
27
5
15
253
98
1,225
26
26
1
8,023,821
19, 770
20,400
2,689, 383
83,195
68, 593
2,136
51
3
117,094
7, 380
116
7, 206,830
54, 360
61, 640
12, 600
152,980
848,054
466,386
3,500
46, 360
3,180
178, 280
4,901,081
81,315
83, 656
14,700
41,536
647, 482
225,861
143
22,821,115
238, 640
234, 289
29,436
316, 281
2,470, 666
1, 222,158
24,800
184, 034
31, 830
690,108
297,372
214,456
7,245
172
233
147
112
9
25
2,866
2,190
99
33
39
66
1, 424
44
40
39
28
8
2
765
29
36
19
10
1
1
16, 042, 423
333, 252
430, 396
288,079
218, 289
15, 200
51, 234
6, 359, 500
4,908,170
196, 286
61, 799
73, 705
128, 730
3,085,459
79,796
68,105
83, 378
56, 799
13, 600
4,928
1,689, 294
57,170
67, 832
31,996
17,800
1,600
3,100
Fire prevention. __________________ ______________
Marshals or wardens____________________________
Chief inspectors______________ ____ ____ ____ ______
Inspectors______ ____. . . _______ ________ _
54
8
2
44
37
4
1
32
10
3
128, 058
22, 054
5,100
100,904
90,489
10, 504
3,200
76, 785
22,872
8,350
7
7
1
1
5
14, 522
14, 697
3,200
1,900
9, 597
Apparatus__________________________________________
Superintendents of machinery______
________ _
Assistant superintendents of machinery.. _ ______
Machinists. _. ._ _ .. . . .
. . . _. ______ _____
Master mechanics. _ . ________ ____ _____________
Auto mechanics 3_________________________________
General mechanics _____ __ . . . _______
____
Electricians. ______
_____
___
Mechanics’ helpers4.
__ .. .. . . ____ _____
Miscellaneous___________________________________
173
19
12
12
8
70
32
1
15
4
64
9
8
1
3
22
13
1
3
4
31
5
1
2
4
17
1
16
3
1
1
1
9
1
394, 307
52,913
28, 975
25, 210
20, 892
162, 259
69, 669
3, 542
23, 547
7,300
165, 443
26,192
19,454
3,020
8,140
57,426
34,912
3,542
5,457
7,300
75, 289
13,000
3,200
5,600
10, 664
38, 225
2,800
34,053
7,820
1,920
1,920
2,088
18, 728
1,577
39
263
146
9
6
12
124
50
8
18
62
2
2
8
22
17
11
4
1
119
73
121, 765
697, 500
362, 710
21, 300
13,200
28, 650
232. 660
99,000
14,960
32, 406
119, 522
5,901
4,401
14,670
47,880
30, 380
16,290
10,800
277, 630
167, 201
MIDDLE ATLANTIC CITIES
All occupations 2 _____________________
1,800
See footnotes at end of table.
CO
T a b l e I . — D istrib u tio n o f em p lo yees and salaries in fire departments o f 6 7 M id d le A tla n tic c ities , by o ccu p a tion , J u ly 1, 1 9 3 8 — Continued
Number of employees
Division and occupation
City group1
All cities
II
III
48
10
5
1
16
2
44
11
4
14
3
5
5
9
7
7
1
49
12
4
23
10
9
2
1
2
4
22
4
3
11
4
10
4
8
2
4
2
6
100
5
4
3
88
81
10
1
4
1
4
5
4
4
290
32
17
3
83
50
2
16
70
6
11
77
2
2
20
31
Clerical_____________________________________________
Secretaries___ __________________________ ______
Chiei clerks and accountants__________ __________
Clerks and bookkeepers___________________________
Stenographers and typists _____ _ __________ _
Miscellaneous__________ _______________________ ____
Department of building inspection. _____ ____ _
Medical division
__ _
___________
Instruction division
_ ______ ___________
Others
. _
______ ___
2
79
1 Group I includes cities having a population of 500,000 or more; group II cities of
100,000 and under 500,000; group III, cities of 50,000 and under 100,000; and group IV,
cities of 25,000 and under 50,000, based on U. S. Census of Population for 1930.
2Includes only regular, full-time employees.
I
II
III
IV
$593,199
91, 608
37,925
5,180
152, 650
91,075
6,175
32,470
146,831
9,597
19,668
$148,420
6,101
5,161
$96,700
28,608
9,470
1,380
26,930
1,680
$88,662
29,167
8,620
27,306
4,200
11,052
$259,4 17
27, 732
14, 674
3,800
70, 520
26, 375
6,175
8,400
89,285
3,820
8,616
10, 212
18,420
13,858
11,820
1,577
100, 733
26,418
11,930
46, 533
15,852
17,422
4,410
2,530
3,260
7,222
47, 870
8,700
9,400
24,040
5,730
19,938
10,088
15, 503
3,220
6,950
2,900
12,283
111, 063
13,126
6,800
6,480
84, 657
75,690
20, 640
4,500
6,800
2,640
6,700
6,107
8,626
8,626
IV
121
9
6
2
37
13
2
4
40
2
6
Fire alarm---- -----------------------------------------------------------Superintendents__________________________________
Assistant superintendents_________________________
Chief fire-alarm operators.. __ ____________________
Fire-alarm operators.__ ____________ _____ _________
Telephone operators______________________________
Inspectors________________ .
. . . _____________
Electricians__ __________ ..
. . _______________
Linemen and other construction employees fi. --------Linemen’s helpers
____ . . . _______ ______
Miscellaneous.
...
_______________________
City group 1
All cities
5
10
4
38,000
56,600
3,840
71,850
17,200
6,420
6,107
3 Includes assistants.
4 Includes machinists’, auto mechanics’ , and general mechanics’ helpers.
5 Includes a cable splicer and his helper in Buffalo and a cable splicer in Rochester.
O
SALARIES AND HOURS, FIRE DEPARTMENTS
I
Total salaries
@FedFRASER