View original document

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

Monthly Business Review
OF

THE

FEDERAL RESERVE BANK

OF

DALLAS

•

(Compiled August 15,1936)

Volume 21, No.7

Dallas, Texas, September 1, 1936

This copy Is relea sed for pub·
Iication In aftemoon papers-

Sept 1
•

====================================================================
DISTRICT SUMMARY
THE SITUATION AT A GLANCE
Eleventh Federal Reserve District
Chong. from
June

July

1936

~ank debits to individual accounts (at 18 cities) . $757,001,000

ncparttnent store sales...............................................

.......... .
eseI've bank loans to tnetnber banks at end of
B ~onth ...................................................................... $
884,980
C u ding permit valuation at larger centers ........ $ 3,985,656
12
cOmtnercial flliJures (number) .................................
O?Ftnercial fllilures (liabilities) .............................. $
68,000
I production (bllrrels) .............................................
40,230,250

+

-

+

8.40/0
22.2%

-

$86,517
20.10/0

-

$85,000
8.00/0

5

+

-------------------------------------------

- Developments in business and industry in the Eleventh

~ederal Reserve District continued generally favorable durIn!? the past month. The sales of department stores in
pnncipal cities declined from June to July by less than the
Usual seasonal amount, and registered an increase of 23
per cent as compared with the same month last year. Wholesale distribution in most reporting lines of trade reflected
a further expansion in July, and business was maintained
at a considerably higher level than in July last year. While
retail collections declined seasonally, collections by wholesalers showed a noticeable increase. The volume of debits
Lo individual accounts at reporting banks was 3 per cent
above that in June and exceeded by 2 per cent the large
total in July last year.
. :rhe valuation of building permits issued at principal
CIhes, though rccording a seasonal decline from the June
volume, continued materially higher than in other recent
years. The July figure was nearly double that for a year
ago and the aggregate for the seven months was 130 per
cent larger than the total for the comparable period in 1935.

A general improvement in the condition of growing crops
occurred during the past month as a result of the rains
which fell over the major portion of the district in late
June and in July. The Department of Agriculture in its
August 1 report placed the condition of growing crops
above that of July 1, and in most instances production estimates were increased. The indicated production of cotton in
this district, on the basis of the August 1 estimate of the
Department of Agriculture, is considerably larger than the
1935 harvest due both to the increased acreage and the
higher prospective yield per acre. Range conditions improved in July and livestock were maintained in good condi·
tion. The generally favorable agricultural outlook on August
1, however, has been tempered by the unusually high
temperatures and hot winds prevailing over most of the
district since that date. Commercial reports indicate that
considerable crop deterioration has occurred.
The loans of reporting member banks in leading cities
increased $10,219,000 between July 8 and August 12, but
their investments were reduced $3,406,000 during the same
period. The combined total of loans and investments on
August 12 was $57,772,000 higher than a year earlier, the
increase being about equally divided between the two classifications. Member bank borrowings at the Federal Reserve
Bank increased further between July 15 and August 15,
and the relatively small volume outstanding on the latter
date was slightly larger than a year ago. Federal Reserve
notes in actual circulation amounted to $84,628,000 on
August 15 as compared with $85,602,000 on July 15.

BUSINESS
Wholesale
Trade

The movement of merchandise through
wholesale channels in this district was
generally favorable during the past
~onth, The July sales of dry goods, drugs, and groceries
Increased more than usual at this season, and in two lines
there was a widening of gains as compared with the cor·
responding month of the preceding year. While a greater
than seasonal decline occurred in the sales of farm imple.
Inents, business in this line was very active during the first

half of the year, Substantial increases over a year ago were
registered during July in the case of both farm implements
and hardware. Collections in July were considerably larger
than those in June.
An active demand for dry goods at wholesale was in
evidence during July. Sales of reporting firms reflected an
increase of 30,3 per cent over those in the corresponding
month last year, and the gain of 21.2 per cent over the
previous month was larger than the average for this seaSOll.

This publication was digitized and made available by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas' Historical Library (FedHistory@dal.frb.org)

MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW

2

The increase in business was general over the district. Reflecting the accumulation of merchandise for the fall market
season, stocks on hand on July 31 were 19.3 per cent greater
than on June 30, and were 4..5 per cent larger than a year
ago. July collections were 2.8 per cent larger than in June.
Following the steady expansion in the sales of reporting
wholesale hardware firms during the preceding five months,
July business was approximately the same as in the previous
month, and exceeded that of July last year by 28.6 per cent.
Collections showed a June to July gain of 11.1 per cent.
The demand for farm implements during July reflected
a further decline of 15.5 per cent as compared with the
previous month, but was 17.6 per cent better than in the
corresponding month last year. Buying in some sections
has been retarded by the dry weather. Collections during
the month reflected a noticeable increase.
A substantial increase in the buying of groceries at wholesale occurred during the past month. Sales of reporting
firms showed a further gain of 9.1 per cent as compared
with the previous month, and exceeded those in July last
year by 12.8 per cent. Inventories of wholesalers on July
31 were 5.1 per cent larger than on June 30, and 9.2 per cent
greater than at the end of July last year. There was an
CONDITION OF WHOLESALE TRADE DURING JULY, 1986
Percentage of increase or decrease inNet S. le.
July, 1936
compared with
July
June
19l5
1936

Groceries ........................... .
Dry goods............................
Farm implements ................
Hardware ........... _...............
Drugs ..................... _.......... .

+12.8
+80.8
+17.6
+28.6
+20.6

+ 9.1
+21.2
-16.5
+ 0.2
+ 7.6

Stock.
July 31,1936
compnred wi th
Jul y 31,
Ju ne 30,
19 36
1935

+
9.2
+ 4.5

+
5.1
+19.8

+16.6
5.2
+26.7

+ 8.6
.7
+ 4.0

+

Ratio of
collections
duri ng July
to accounts
and notes
ou ts tanding
on June 30

89.4
88.4
7.5
49.6
62.0

increase of 8.8 per cent m collections between June and
July.
After declining during the second quarter, the wholesale
drug business turned upward in July. Sales were 7.6 per
cent higher than in June and evidenced a gain of 20.6 per
cent over a year ago. Collections in July were 5.2 per cent
in excess of those in June.
Consumer buying at department stores
in larger cities of this district reflected a
smaller than usual mid-summer reces·
sion. The decline from June to July in the dollar volume
of business amounted to 22.2 per cent, and as compared
with a year ago, sales registered a gain of 22.8 per cen.t.
The index of department store sales as compiled by thIS
bank, which makes allowances for average seasonal changes,
rose to a new high level for the recovery period, the July
figure being 101.6 per cent of the 1923-25 average, as corn'
pared with 99.6 per cent in June, and 83.7 per cent in July,
1935. Sales during the first seven months of the year a~er'
aged 17.0 per cent higher than in the corresponding penod
last year.
Retail
Trade

Inventories at department stores on July 31 were 6.0
per cent less than on June 30, but were 8.0 per cent larger
than a year ago. The rate of stock turnover for the seven
months of the current year was 1.94., which compares with
1. 75 during the same period of 1935.
Collections on regular accounts reflected a seasonal de·
cline during the month. The ratio of July collections to
regular accounts outstanding on July 1 was 40.8 per cent,
as compared with 42.6 per cent in June, and 38.4 per cent
in July last year. There was an increase in collections on
installment accounts.

BUSINESS OF DEPARTMENT SrORES
+ 28.8
- 22.8
+ 18.8

+ 27.2
- 20.6
+ 20.1

+ 17.8
- 21.4
+ 12.0

+ 28.2
- 20.6
+ 19.8

Others
+ 18.8
- 25.8
+ 14.2

Total Dis't.

~~l;: ~~~~: ~~~~:~:~ ~i~~ ~~~~,1{98:6:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

~~l;: i~~~: ~~~~:~:~ ~i~ ~~~~, W:6:::::::·.:::::::·.:::·.::::::::~::·.::::·.::::::·.::::'.:.:'.::::::::::.:::'.::::::::'.:'.::::::'.:::::::

+ 17.8
- 28.8
+ 19.4

+ 25.9
- 20.8
+ 18.9

+ 28.9
- 17.7
+ 15.5

+ 27.4
- 24.8
+ 20 .1

+ 12.2
- 29.8
+ 12.6

+ 20.S
_ 28.3
+ 17.7

+ 19.0
6.6

+

-

+

O.lla.

Total sales (percentage):

January 1 to July 81, 1986, compared with same period last year .......................................... .
Credib saies (percentage) :
January 1 to July 81, 1986, compared with same period last year ......................................... .
Stocke on hand at end of month (percentage) :
July, 1986, compared with July, 1985............................................................................................. .
July, 1986, compared with June, 1986.............................................................................................
Stock turnover (rate) :
Rate of stock turnover in July, 1935 ................................................................................................
Rate of stock turnover in July, 1986 .............................................................................................. ..
Rate of stock turnover January 1, to July 81. 1986 .....................................................................
Rate of stock turnover January 1, to July 81, 1986 .................................................................... .
Ratio of July collections to open accounts receivable and outstanding July 1. 1986...............
Retio of July collections to installment accounts receivable and outstanding July 1, 1986...
Indexes of department store sales:
Unadjusted-June. 1986..............................................................................._....................................
Unadjusted--July, 1986 ........................... _......_.............._................................................................ .
Adjusted-June, 1986 ..........................................................................................................................
Adjusted--July, 1986 ...................................................................................................._.................... .
Indexes of department store stocks:
Unadjusted-June, 1986 .....................................................................................................................
Unadjusted--July, 1986 ..................................................................................................................... .
Adjusted--June. 1985..........................................................................................................................
Adjusted-July, 1985 ...........................................................................................................................

The number and liabilities of commercial
failures in the Eleventh Federal Reserve
District reflected a decline in July and
reached the lowest level in several years. According to the
report of Dun and Bradstreet, Incorporated, there were 12

Commercial
Failures

.26
.27
2.02
2.15
42.2
15.6

Houston

Fort Worth

2.8
4.4
.19
.28
1.47
1.74
85.6
16.7

-

2.9
18.0
.21
.24
1.66
1.90
42.7

Sail AntonIo

4.2
2.9
.24
.28
1.96
2.15
45.1
14.6

+

8.6
4.5
.18
.21
1.47
1.68
86.8
24.7

+ 22.8
_ 22.2
+ 17.0

+

8.0
6.0
.22
.25
1.75
1.94
40.S
16.7
91.6

96.1
76.0
110.6
118.4

101.1
70.4
107.6
105.9

90.0
71.7
84.9
102.4

88.9
66.0
85.6
97.1

99.6
101.6

56.8
52.2
68.S
6S.1

65.1
62.2
68.6
67 .6

40.8
86.6
44.8
41.1

4S.0
44 .6
62.8
51.8

57.1
64.0
60.7
69.8

71.1

-

failures in July as compared with 17 defaults in June and
19 insolvencies in the corresponding month last year. ~he
indebtedness of defaulting firms amounted to $63,000 dunng
July as against $1.4.8,000 in the previous month and $197,000 in July last year.

MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW

s

AGRICULTURE
Growing crops in most sections of the
Eleventh District responded to the favorable weather conditions obtaining in
July, and the August 1 production estimates by the Departlllent of Agriculture for most crops were equal to or higher
~han those on July 1. The Department reported that the
Indicated yield per acre of 32 important crops combined,
August 1, 1936 (expressed as a percentage of the 1921-30
a~erage yield), was as follows for states attached to this
dIstrict; Texas-1l2; Louisiana-123; Arizona-1l7; New
Mexico-l08; and Oklahoma-63. The low figure for Oklahoma reflects the effects of the severe and prolonged
drought prevailing in that State. The effects of the drought
upon crops were also visible in those counties on the
eastern side of the Panhandle and in north central Texas
b?rdering on Oklahoma. Since early in August exceedingly
hIgh temperatures accompanied by hot winds have preyailed over much of the district and commercial reports
Indicate that crops have been affected adversely.

Crop Conditions

The cotton crop made good progress during July in most
sections of this district. Production for the Eleventh District,
as compiled by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System on the basis of estimates by states as of August
1 by the Department of Agriculture, was placed at 4,568,000
bales, which compares with an actual production of 3,569,000 bales in 1935. In all states, wholly or partially
attached to this district, except Oklahoma, prospects on
August 1 were for a better than average per acre yield. The
T~xas crop was estimated at 3,850,000 bales as compared
WIth an actual harvest of 2,956,000 bales in 1935. The per
a?re yield was placed at 155 pounds, which compares with
133 pounds in 1935. In the southern and southeastern parts
of the State, the crop showed the effects of excessive
~l1oisture, unusual vegetative growth and insect activity, but
In other sections insect damage was reported as below
average and prospective yield above the average. The per
acre yield in Louisiana was forecasted at 24.5 pounds, as
compared with 218 pounds in 1935, and 192 pounds for the
Len-year average. Total production was estimated at 678,000
bales as against an actual production of 556,000 bales last
~ear . Cotton in Arizona and New Mexico was in good conditIon and large yields were in prospect. The drought and
unusually high temperatures prevailing in Oklahoma have
greatly reduced prospects in that State, and the August 1
forecast of 4,65,000 bales was only about 38 per cent of the
ten-year average production.
. ~he corn crop in Texas, Louisiana, and Arizona reRected

Dn Improvement in July, but the production estimates by the

~partment of Agriculture as of August 1 were below the
1935 harvest due in part to the smaller acreage and in part
to lower per acre yields. The indicated production for Texas
ivas placed at 68,192,000 bushels, as compared with the Ju ly
estimate of 57,537,000 bushels, and a harvest of 89,368,000 bushels in 1935. The estimated production for
LOUisiana was increased from 16,244,,000 bushels on July 1
to 20,884,,000 bushels on August 1, and the latter fig ure
compares with an output of 27,676,000 bushels in 193r:.
I he forecast for Oklahoma remained unchanged at ] 2,52,000 bushels, which is approximately half the poor
harvest a year ago. The grain sorghums acreage in Texas
and Oklahoma was reduced considerably this year, which

will be reflected in a lower total production. The August 1
estimate for Texas was for a crop of 4.9,840,000 bushels
as against a production of 60,075,000 bushels in 1935. In
Oklahoma, production this year was forecasted at 10,360,000 bushels, as compared with last year's harvest of
13,160,000 bushels. The indicated production ill New Mexico was 4.,875,000 bushels, which is substantially larger
than last year's output due ill part to the larger acreage.
The August 1 forecast for tame hay in Texas and Louisiana
was for a crop larger than the July 1 estimates or the actual
production in 1935. There was no change during the month
in the indicated production for other staLes partially attached to this district.
The Texas rice crop was forecasted at 10,557,000 bushels
on August 1, as compared with 10,350,000 bushels on July
1, and a crop of 8,84,0,000 bushels in 1935. While sweet
potato prospects in Texas and Louisiana improved materially during July, the indicated production on August 1
was lower than the 1935 production. It was reported that
lhe August 1 prospects for the citrus crops in Texas were
much beLter than a year ago.
A betterment in the condition of ranges
during the past month occurred over a
major portion of the Eleventh District as a result of rains
in late June and in July. The Department of Agriculture
reported that on August 1 ranges in Texas were in very
good condition and had a good supply of feed for fall
grazing, except in the counties of north central and northwest Texas adjacent to Oklahoma. While ranges in most of
north, northwest, and west Texas carry a good supply of
matured grass, a general rain is needed to revive vegetation.
In most other sections of the State, feed supplies are generally ample. Rain is also needed in southeastern Arizona
and southern New Mexico to provide winter feed. Except
in the very dry areas, caLtle and sheep are in good condition
generally and the large lamb and calf crops are making
good gains.
Livestock

The Department of Agriculture reported that Texas ranges
improved 3 points in July, whereas a decline usually occurs.
Cattle ranges were rated at 85 per cent of normal on August
1, which was 1 point lower than a year earlier, but 5 points
higher than the ten-year average. The 88 per cent condition
of sheep and goat ranges on August 1 was the same as on
that date in 1935, and 6 points above the average. The
August 1 condition of cattle was 88 per cent of normal, as
compared with 85 per cent on July 1, and 86 per cent on
August 1, 1935. Sheep remained unchanged during July
at 85 per cent, which is 2 points lower than the condition
figure on August 1 last year. The condition of goats showed
an improvement of 2 points during the month. In New
Mexico, range and livestock conditions declined in July, but
the August 1 condition was better than a year earlier. While
ranges in Arizona improved during the month, livestock
showed little change.
Record Lamb
Crop in Texas

The Department of Agriculture in its
July 1 report estimated that the 1936
lamb crop in Texas is the largest on
record . The number of lambs docked was placed at 3,726,000 head, which is 69 per cent larger than in 1935, 4.5
per cent greater than in 1934" and slightly above the 1933

4

MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW

crop. While the increase was due in part to the larger
number of breeding ewes, the major portion of the gain
resulted from the larger number of lambs saved per hundred ewes, which amounted to 76 per cent in 1936, as
compared with 4.6 per cent in 1935, and 48 per cent in 1934..
The crop in New Mexico is 15 per cent larger than in 1935,
and it is about the same in Arizona.
Wool ProducThe preliminary report on wool production in 1936
tion for 1936 by the Department of Agriculture placed the Texas crop at 63,167,000 pounds, which is 3,94.7,000 pounds larger than the
1935 crop and the second largest crop on record. The increase is accounted for both by the greater number of sheep
shorn and the heavier average weight per fleece. Production
in other states partially attached to this district showed a
decline.
Movements
The receipts of livestock at the Fort
and Prices
Worth market reflected a sharp decline
during July. The arrivals of cattle,
calves, and sheep were materially smaller than in either
the previous month or the corresponding month last year,
with the largest decline occurring in the sheep division.
While the receipts of hogs were considerably below those
in June, they exceeded by a substantial margin the small
volume of July, 1935.

The cattle market during the last half of July and the
first week of August was slow and prices were uneven to
lower, but in the second week of August trading was more
active and prices on practically all classes showed an ad·
vance of twenty-five cents. The decline in hog prices around
the middle of July was soon regained and the best offerings
at mid-August were bringing $10.75, which was the highest
level reached since last September. The trend of the sheep
and lamb market was toward a lower level.
FORT WORTH LIVESTOOK REOEIPTS
(Number)
July

Oattle ........................
Oalves.......................
Hogs.........................
Sheep ........................

1936
42,496
21,182
18,004
87,122

July

1935
70,048
28,042
11,785
63,286

Change over
year

-27,547
- 6,860
6,269
-26,164

+

Change over

June

1936
53,927
25,068
24,778
87,705

month

- 11,481
- 8,886
- 6,774
- 50,583

OOMPARATIVE TOP LIVESTOOK PRICES
(Dollars per hundredweight)
July

July

1936
Beef steers. ................................................................... $ 7.75
Stocker steers................................................................
7.00

1935
$ 9.75

~~~~he~ ~~~~.e.~.~~.~~~.~::::::::::. :::. :::::. ::::. :. :. . ::. ::::::::. ::::::: ~:~~

10.65
6.50
8.00
10.60
4.00
7.50

Oalves..............................................................................

7.25

l~~~:.:.:..:. ~:.:::~:~:.:~~.:~~.:.:.:.:.:.:.:::~.:.:~~:~~:::.:.: .:.: :.: .~ ~ .: :. : . :.:~~:.:. ~.: ~:~~
1

Junt:

1936
$ 8.00
7.00
8.50
5.50
8.00
10.20
6.00
10.00

FINANCE
Condition of
Member Banks
in Leading
Cities

The loans of reporting member banks in
leading cities of this district rose to
$203,601,000 on August 12, which was
the highest figure reported since early
in 1934.. The total was $10,219,000 above
that on July 8, and $27,775,000 greater than loans on
August 14, 1935. During the five-week period ending August
12, loans on securities declined $724,000, while "all other"
loans (agricultural, commercial, and industrial loans) increased $10,943,000. While the investments of these banks
in the direct and fully guaranteed obligations of the United
States Government were reduced $3,154.,000 between July
8 and August 12, holdings on the latter date were $23,.
167,000 larger than on the corresponding date in 1935.
Investments in other securities declined $252,000 during the
five-week period, but were $6,830,000 higher than a year
earlier. Their demand deposits-adjusted on August 12
totaled $361,562,000, which represents an increase of $9,OONDITION STATISTICS OF MEMB'E R BANKS IN LEADING OITIES
(In thousands of dollars)
Aug. 12,
Aug. 14,
July 8,
1936
1935
1936
United States securities (owned) ...................... $189,914
$154,956
$195,080
Securities fully guaranteed by United
States Government (owned) ...........................
81,363
43,154
29,851
All other stocks, bonds, and securities
(owned) .............................................................. .
48,669
41,889
48,921
Loans on securities ...............................................
42.882
42,471
48,606
All other loans ..................................................... ..
133,355
160,719
149,776
Total loans ..............................................................
175,826
203,601
193,882
Demand deposit&-adjusted O......... . ........ .. .......... .
361,562
823,185
851,991
Time deposits ..........................................................
120,155
121,805
120,828
United States Government deposits................ ..
87,174
19,607
88,847
Interbank deposits............................................ ....
180.816
136.933
192,161
Balances with domestic banks ...........................
179,981
152,975
184,301
Reserve with Federal Reserve Bank .............
88,748
78,418
95,377
Bills payable and rediscounts with F ederal
Resel've Bank.................................................... .
None
None
None
·Demand deposits other than interbank and United States Government,
less cash items reported as on hand or in process of collection.

571,000 during the five· week period, and $38,377,000 o~er
those a year ago. Time deposits, however, showed a dechn e
from both comparative dates. The reserve deposits of these
banks with the Federal Reserve Bank amounted to $88,748,000 on August 12, as compared with $95,377,000 Oil
July 8, and $73,418,000 on August 14" 1935.
Operations of
Federal Reserve Bank loans to member
the Federal Rebanks reflected a further increase beserve BanI.
tween July 15 and August 15. Total
loans on the latter date amounted to
$597,000 as compared with $379,000 a month earlier, and
$577,000 on August 15, 1935. Outstanding industrial ad·
vances stood at $1,560,000 on August 15, which represents
a decline of $63,000 from the total on July 15, and $285.,000 from that on the corresponding date last year.
bank's investments in United States Government secuntles
remained unchanged at $93,570,000. The reserve deposits
of member banks amounted to $144,110,000 on August 15,
as compared with $138,662,000 on July 15, and $121,088,000 on August 15, 1935. Federal Reserve notes in actual
circulation totaled $84,628,000 on August 15, which was
$974.,000 lower than a month earlier. The cash reserves
of this bank, which declined sharply during the last haH of

'P!IS

OONDITION OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
(In thousands of dollars)
Total cash reserves..... ............ ....................... ..
Discounts for member banks ............................. .
Other bills discounted ...........................................
Industrial advances .............................................. .
Oommitments to make Industriul advances .. .
Bills bought in the open market.................. ..
United States Government securities owned ..
All other investments.......................................... .
Total earning assets. ......................................
Member bank reserve deposits ........... ............ .
Federal Reserve notes In actual circulation.. ..

Aug. IS,

Aug. IS,

1936
$168,905
597
None
1,560
536
87
98,570
None
95,814
144.110
84,628

1935
$110,887
577
None
1,845
448
122
81,475
None
84.019
121,088
61,044

July

IS,

1936
$178,255
879
None
1,628
588
86
98,570
None
95,658
138,662
85,602

6

MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW
Iu.ly, rose steadily in the two succeeding weeks and at the
mlddle of August amounted to $168,905,000. While this
figure was $41,350,000 lower than a month earlier, it was
$58,068,000 higher than a year ago.
Deposits 0/
Member Banles

There is presented a table showing the
demand deposits-adjusted and time de.
posits of member banks in the Eleventh
DIstrict as of each "call" date from June 30, 1933, to March
4" 1936, inclusive, segregated according to reserve city and
COuntry banks.
DEPOSITS OF MEMB'ER BANKS
(In thousands of dollRrs)
Combined Tot:tl
Reserve City Bnnks
Demand

Dem:md

Country B'IOks (2)
Demand

Call d
deposits
Tillie
deposits
Tllne
deposits
Time
J
ates:
ndjnSled (1) Deposits ndjusted (1) Deposits nrljusted (1) Deposits
Ou~e SO. 1988 (3) .. $879,662 $189,863 $176,729 $114,301 $202,938 $76,662
DC' 26, 1988........... 406,974
189,949
181.897
108.783
224.077
81,216
80. 1938........... 444,206
190,000
194,914
107,497
249.291
82,608
Jar. 5. 1934 .......... 489.624
198.799
216,647
108.256
272,877
85,643
e 80, 1984 .......... 496,620 197.280 232.911
111.854
262,609
86,426
DC 17,1984 ........ 542.021
195,992
246,486
109,410
295.585
86, 582
~ec. 81, 1984 ......... 551,276
196.066
242,422
112,117
308.854
88 ,949
Juar • 4. 1986 .... ........ 572,576
195,066
269,032
111.861
318.644
88,196
»ne 29, 1986......... 588,644
195,210
276,556
113,421
307,088
81.789
D ov. I, 1985 .......... 628,988
194.362
294,456
111, 378
384,582
82.989
~cc. 81, 1985 ......... 642,167
198,495
292,629
111,851
349.688
86 ,644
ar. 4, 1986 ......
662,216
196,626
300,624
109,285
361,692
87,34 1
(1) Demand deposits ot her than Interbank and United States Government,
les8 cash items in process of collection and. pt'ior to December 81,
1986, less cash items r eported on band but not in proceS8 of collection.
(2) Outlying banks in reserve cities which bave been authorized to carl'y
country bunk reserves Ill'e included witb country banks.
(a) Beginning June, 1988, figures reiate to licensed banks only.

'ltr'

r

oUt

--------------------------------------------------------Debits to
IndiVidual
Accounts

(

Debits to individual accounts at banks in
eighteen reporting cities of this district
in July reflecLed a further increase of
3.4 per cent as compared with the previous month, and 1.9 per cent as compared with the correSPonding month last year. While the increase over a year
ago was considerably smaller than in earlier months of the

year, it will be recalled that debits at one city were exceptionally large in July, 1935, as a result of transactions
incident to the transfer of ownership of a large corporation.
DEBITS TO INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS
(In thousands of dollars)
June Petg. change
July
July Petg. eh.nge
1936 over month
over year
1936
19J5
$
7,147
+ 4.5
Abilene .......................... .. $ 7.466
+66.1
$ 4.815
Austin ....................... ..... .
+14.4
21.871
- 6.1
26.661
26.024
21,759
-.3
Beaumont....... _..............
20,181
21.688
7.4
2.617
+ 7.7
Corsicana ...................... .
+14.6
2.460
2.818
206.948
+ 6.1
Dallas.. .......................... ..
+29.6
168.570
218.477
28.626
- 1.7
+14.4
El Paso........................... .
20.806
28.221
+12.1
71,892
Fort Worth ................... _
80,016
66.746
+19.9
25,286
- 1.7
24,860
+20.4
20.651
~~~se~~~:..:....:::~.::..::::..::..:: 180,601 266.089 -82.1 181 ,966 - .7
7.456
+ 8.2
+88.1
6.061
8.066
Port Arthur ..................
8.148
-14.0
2,783
- 2.7
2,708
RoswelL ...................... ..
62,921
- 1.0
58,299
62.818
6.9
San Antonio ................. ..
89,445
+ 2.9
29,408
88.0
40,583
Sbreveport.................... ..
10.1
- 6.8
6.782
5,784
6.312
Texarkana· .................. ..
88.9
10.612
6.8
9,954
7.486
Tucson........................... ..
18.499
+18.0
10,957
+89.2
15,254
Tyler ............................. ..
12.428
+
2.5
12,737
+15.7
11,010
Waco ............................ ·14.802
+ 4.2
14,903
14.691
+ 1.4
Wicblta Falls ............... ..
$782.084
+ 8.4
$742.808
1.9
TotnL ........ . $767.001
"Includes the figm'cs of two banks in Texarkana, Arkansas, located in
the Eighth District.

+

+

i

+

Outstanding bankers' acceptances executed by accepting banks in this district
amounted to $600,116 on July 31 as
compared with $501,759 on June 30, and $1,013,064 on
July 31, 1935. Acceptances executed against import and export transactions reflected a slight decline during July,
while those based on the domestic shipment and storage of
goods were increased.
Acceptance
Market

The savings deposits at 125 banks in this
district which operate savings departments showed little change between June
30 and July 31, but the total on the latter date was 2.9
per cent larger than a year ago. There was a further increase in the number of savings depositors.
Savings
Deposits

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SAVINGS DEPOSITS
July 3 I, 1936

Number
of fe- Number of
porting
savings
bAnks
depositors
3
8.943

July 3 t. t 9JS

Juno 10,1916

Amount of
Number of
Amount of
Percentnge change Number of
Amount of Percentage change
snvings
snvings
savings
over year in
savings
savings
over month in
deposits
savings deposits
depositors
deposi ts
snvings deposits
depositors
deposits
Beaumont ........................ ............... ..
$ 8,556,707
.n
9,029
8,598,689
- 1.2
8.888
$ 8,574,800
9"
80.116
26,881,620
77,126
25,514.649
+ 1.2
79,865
26,788.886
.2
2
18,041
6,782.3 69
12,299
6.685.394
+19.8
12,909
6.764.862
.4
8
36 ,118
12.188.454
84.868
11.176,668
+ 9.1
86,668
12.180,241
.5
4
17,889
10,693.044
16,985
10,829.040
+ 8.5
17,218
10,600.627
.9
11"
68,054
80,157,766
- 1.1
66.584
81.780,799
- 5.1
67.698
80.602,742
2
6.210
2,287,605
6.848
2.107.116
+ 8.6
6,177
2,248,421
1.7
19,619
17.866,517
6"
17,658
16,818.980
+ 9.5
19,520
17,880,885
.1
10.837.15 6
8
23 ,599
22,255
10.670,274
+ 2.5
28.208
10,676.076
+ 1.5
3
9,629
5,481.846
9.846
6,846.880
-18.6
9,499
6,662,969
- 8.2
8
6,462
8.427.077
6.077
8.104,651
+10.4
6.440
8,429,964
.1
76'
52.393
27,493.618
60.752
25.659,261
+ 7.1
61,661
27,419,468
.8
Total..... .. ................ .... ..
ill,
340,428
$156.602,262
• + 2.9
887.241
$156.661 ,870
-=-:03
828.767
$152,185,751
·Only 8 banks in Dallas, 10 ill Houston, 5 San A ntollio. and 68 banks in "All othel's" l'eported tbe numbel' of savings depositors.

il;.![;!;:I~\~;

+
+
+
+
+

+

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------DISCOUNT RATES OHARGED BY MEMBER BANKS DURING AUGUST
Prevailing Rates
Dnllns
Rate cbarged customers on prime commercial pnper such as is now eligible for
n t ~edi8count under the Fecleral R eserve Act .................. ................................................ .
n~~ cba~ged on lonns to otbel' bank8 secured by bills receivable .............................. ..
i on loans secured by prime stock exchange or other current collateral (nob
ncluding loans placed in otber markets tbrough correspondent banks ) :
Demand ....................................... _............................................................................. .
Rate b Time ...................... ........................................................................................ .................... .
nat c al'ged on commodity paper secured by warehouse receipt8, etc .... _.................. .
C On cattle loans....... _................ .................................................. ............ ........... . ... ..

3-8

4-5
4

5-8
2-8

El Poso

Fort Worth

Houston

San Antonlo

5-6
5

1-6
4-6

8-7
4¥.!-6

5-7
6

6-8
6-8
7-8
6-8

8-'l

6-8

6
6-8
6-8
6-8

4-10
4-10
5-10

8-7
8-7
7-10

Waco

6-8
6-8

8-'l
8

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW

6

INDUSTRY
Cottonseed
Products

The receipts of cottonseed and the production of cottonseed products at Texas
mills in J ul y were materially larger than
in June, but were considerably lower than in July last year.
At all United States mills, July operations were on a
smaller scale than in either comparative month.

During the 1935-36 crushing season ending July 31, the
production of all classes of cottonseed products was larger
than in the previous season at both Texas and all United
States mills, but the largest increase occurred at Texas
mills. The production of crude oil, cake and meal, and
hulls, however, was smaller than in any previous season
since 1923-24, due to the smaller volume of seed available
for crushing.
The distribution of products during the season exceeded
production and stocks on hand at mills on July 31, 1936,
were sharply lower than a year earlier.
STATISTICS ON COTTONSEED AND COTTONSEED PRODUCTS
Texas

August 1 to July 31
This season Last season

United States

August 1 to July 3 1
This season

Last se:tSon

Cottonseed received at
mills (tons) ...................... .
971,778
744,460
3,742,122
3,418,135
Cottonseed crushed (tons) .
986,809
823,379
3,813,935
8,549,891
Cottonseed on hand
July 81 (tons)..................
7.881
22,412
17,762
89,575
Crude oil produced (lbs.) ... 282,285,886 236,848,883 1,163,055,575 1,108,582,294
Cake and meal produced
(tone) .................................
460,463
889,588
1,737,950
1,614,345
Hulls produced (tons) ........
264,044
218,648
987,416
913,039
Linters produced
(running bales) ...............
195,708
175,240
873,907
805,083
Stocks on hand July 31:
Crude oil (pounds)..............
1,408,052
2,6 64,149
8,456,614
10,885,604
Cake and meal (tons).........
8,078
31,567
68,905
198,367
Hulls (tons) ..........................
11,092
17,744
26,278
76,604
Linters (running bales) ... _
9,990
22,209
44,786
71,292
Source : Bureau of Census.

Textile
Milling

The domestic consumption of cotton reflected a further counter-to-seasonal gain
in July. The total for the month rose to
603,203 bales, which is 8.4, per cent above that in June,
54,.4, per cent greater than in July, 1935, and the largest
consumption in any month since June, 1933. Total consumption during the 1935-36 season, which aggregated
6,348,423 bales, exceeded by 18.4, per cent the amount consumed in the 1934-35 season, and was larger than · in any
similar period since the 1928-29 season. Mill stocks of raw
cotton on July 31 were lower than a month earlier, but
greater than a year ago .
The Bureau of Census estimated that the carry-over of
American cotton on July 31, 1936, was 5,397,185 bales, as
compared with 7,208,477 bales on the same date last year,
and 7,743,695 bales two years ago .
COTTON CONSUMED AND ON HAND
(Bales)
July
July
August 1 to Jul y 31
1936
19 3 S
This season Lus t senson
Cotton-growing states:
Cotton consumed ..............................
504,821
821,470 5,334,284 4,805,950
Cotton on hand July 81 inConsuming establishments .......
708,131
596,479
Public storage and compresses .
3,880,156 5,594,682
United States :
Cotton consumed ..............................
608,208
890,71 2 6,848,428 5,860,867
Cotton on hand July 81 inConsuming establishments ..... _
898 ,084
788,989
Public storage and compresses
8,924,101 5,789 ,488
Source: Bureau of Census.

The receipts of cotton at the ports of
Houslon and Galveston in July were
slightly larger than in the previous
month, or the same month last year. Exports from these
ports were smaller than in June, and at Houston they were
lower than in July, 1935. Stocks of colton at Houston on
July 31 were noticeably smaller than on June 30 and July
31 last year, while at Galveston supplies were materially
larger than a year ago.

Cotton
Movements

The July foreign exports of cotton from all United
States ports declined to 156,262 bales, which represents a
reduction of 45.6 per cent as compared with the previous
month, and 43.5 per cent as compared with the correspond·
ing month last year. Exports during the 1935-36 season
amounted to 5,972,566 bales, as compared with 4,795,339
bales in the 1934-35 season, or an increase of 24.5 per cent,
but the season's total was lower than in any other recent
season.
COTTON MOVEMENTS THROUGH THE PORT
(Bales)
July
July
1936
1935
Receipts. ................................
23,923
18,270
Exports ................................. .
51,921
63,844
Stocks, July 81.................. .

OF GALVESTON
August 1 to July 3 I
This season

L:lst season

1,629,172
1,49 1,610
362,195

954,833
1,241, 653
224,653

COTTON-GALVESTON STOCK STATEMENT
(Bales)
July 31,
1936

For Great Br itain ..................................................................... .
1,000
Fot· France .................................................................................
1,400
For other foreign ports ........................................................... .
8,200
For coastwise ports .................................................................. .
500
In compresses and depots....... ................................................ . 856,095
TotaL ............................................................................ 862,195

July 31,
1935
1,400
100
2,000
800
220,803

224,65»

COTTON MOVEMENTS THROUGH .:I'HE PORT OF HOUSTON
(Bales)
August I to Jul y 3 1
July
July
This se:lson
Las t sen son
1936
1935
Receipts........................................... 16,984
1,741,105
1,098,327
16,878
Exports ......................................... . 52,325
1,764,024
1,510,900
81 ,088
Stocks, July 31 .............................. .
194,952
812,917
SEASON'S RECEIPTS, E XPORTS, AND STOCKS OF COTTON AT ALL
UNITED STATES PORTS
(Bales)
August I to Jul y 31
Las t season
This season
4,500,405
Receipts ................................................................................. . 7,134,814
Exports:
788,15 4
UnIted Kingdom ................................................................ 1,'109,54 7
372,656
France...................................................................................
680,927
474,106
Italy ...................................................................................... .
379,896
841,850
Germany ..............................................................................
765,485
939,188
Other Europe............................................ .......................... .
923,587
1, 52 1,19~
Japa n .................................................................................... 1,479,167
All other countries ............................................................ .
833,957
~0
4,795,83
Total exporta ............................................................................ 5,912,566
1,084,316
1,221,114
Stocks held at all United States porta July 81 ........... .
SPOT COTTON PRICES
Middling Basis
(Cents per pound)
July, 1936

New york .............. . ............................................... .
New Orleans .......................................................... .
Dallas ..................................................... ,.................
Houston ................................................................ .
Galveston ............................................................... .

Petroleum

High

Low

13.65
18.44
12.96
18.40
18.40

12.49
12.55
11.88
12.24
12.25

Aug. IS,
1936
12.86
12.12
11.78
12.18
12.16

The production of crude oil in the
Eleventh Federal Reserve District totaled
40,230,250 barrels in July, as compared with 39,073,100
barrels in June, and 35,153,150 barrels in July, 1935. On

MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW
JULY DRILLING RESULTS

account of the longer month, the daily average output of
1,297,750 barrels in July was 4,686 barrels lower than in
the previous month, but it remained at a relatively high
~evel and was 163,778 barrels larger than in the correspond.
Ing month of 1935. There was a further decline in the rate
of drilling activity in July. There were 1,060 wells com·
pleted during the four weeks ending July 25, of which 795
\lv~ns were producers of oil yielding an initial production of
,312,527 barrels. During the five·week period ending June
coml?letions. ~o~aled 1,384 wells including 1,054, pro·
ucers with an mlttal output of 1,614,023 barrels.

Completion, Producers

S~~hTT~~s ..................... .
Teltas Coa~~ai·::: ··.::: .. ··:::.:·:
N Tot:} Texas .................... .
N~~h ~i~o ........... . ...... .
ulsiana ............. ..
Total District ............... .

8,749,360
6,862,200
14,963,600
2,619,350
7,789,000
86,428,400
2,294 .160
2,612,700
40,230,260

120,947
204,910
482,698
84,496
249,646

W2.ii9O

74,006
81,066
1,297,760

Total

Building

Building operations at principal cities in
the Eleventh Federal Reserve District,
while seasonally smaller than in the previous month, con·
tinued at a relatively high level. The aggregate valuation
of building permits issued at fourteen cities in July
amounted to $3,985,656, which is 20.1 per cent less than
the total of $4.,987,002 in June, but 98.7 per cent larger
than the aggregate of $2,005,697 in July a year ago . The
volume for the first seven months of the current year
averaged 129.6 per cent higher than in the corresponding
period last year.

Dally Avg.

180,960
208,200
238,800
69,060
206,700
+ 887 ,200
+ 103,160
+ 216,800
+1,167,160

t

+
+
+
-

81,682
178,686
862,627
79,368
24,683
1,166,686
100,866
46,486
1,312,627
1.614,023

Aug . 9,
19J6
1935
Texas Coastal (34 gravity and above) ........................... ...
$1.22
$1.12
North Texas (40 gl'avity and above) .....................................
1.08
1.03
North Louisiana (40 gravity and above) .............................
1.10
1.08
(Oil statistics compiled by The 011 Weekly, Houston. Texas)

Increase or decrcOlse
over June, 1936

+
+
+

Initial
Production

Aug. 7,

OIL PRODUCTION
(Barrels)

North T

Fallurea

CRUDE OIL PRICES
(Price per barrel)

~roduction from Texas fields averaged 1,14,2,690 barrels
datIy, or 10,183 barrels lower than in June. While there
Was a slight increase in north Texas, all other Texas fields
~'egistered declines with the principal reduction occurring
In the east Texas field . After declining in June, the daily
average production in New Mexico and north Louisiana
l'heflected an increase in July, and in the latter area reached
t e highest level of the current year at 81,055 banels.

~est Te~~~::·::· ..::·":::·.::·:::.:·

ens Wells

North Teltas......................
226
126
88
12
West Texas .......................
144
124
20
26
East Texas .......................
266
227
3
73
South Texas......................
268
179
6
2
21
Texas CoastaL................
83
60
Total Texas ................. 9sii
7i5
2s
228
New Mexico......................
66
63
2
North Louisiana..............
89
27
6
7
"July totals, dlstl'ict ....... 1,060
795
2s
237
··June totals, district .... 1,884
1,064
46
284
. July figures represent four weeks ended July 26, 1986 •
•• June figures represent five weeks ended June 27, 1986.

r,

July, 19J6
Total
Dally Avg.

7

384
67
8,147
848
1,466
10,188
972
4,626
4,686

BUILDING PERMITS
July, 19J 6
Vnluntiol1

No.

Amat'lIIo

~~:~~o;;:.::::::·.·.::::.·:·.:::::::

D~lrus Christi .............

EIP~s .......... ..

Forb ~o·{.t ..· ................. .
GalVeston h ..... .. ......... .
~O'\8ton .. :::::::::.:::::::::
SOl' frthur .................
n ntonio .............. ..
W~:eport ................. .

Sh

Wichlt~..F~·ii~·::::::::.::.·::.
TotaL. .........

-

28 $ 88.092
179
249,646
182
76,189
162,672
167
422,980
616
101,885
77
761,696
227
124
676.871
408
867,170
111,820
187
310,242
248
206,676
182
90.428
85
26,186
18
2,468 $8,986,666

'Increase over one thousand per cent.

July, 1935
No.

40
188
132
67
410
39
124
92

Valuation

Pete. ch:mge
valuntion
over ycnr

+

No.

82,738
262,286
41,192
74.406
846,464
22,188
221,400
39,693

1.1
1.1
+ 86.0
+118.6
22.4
+866.9
+244.0

26R

597,816

84
86a
108
33
26

83,220
162,222
78,328
76,691
88,716

+ 48.6
+236.6
+103.8
+163.7
+ 17.9
- 34.9

46
181
189
132
542
60
176
130
482
144
286
188
46
21

1,949

$2,006,697

+ 98.7

2,466

$

+

"

June, 19J6
Valuation

$

60,808
878,006
96,687
104,038
887,097
144,291
1,467,662
236,465
1,176,880
79,108
632,627
166,746
76,923
118,180

$4,987 ,002

Pctg. change
vnhmtion
over month

-

84.9
84.0
21.2
56 .3
9.S
- 29.7
- 47.8
+146.0
- 27.1
41.4
- 41.8
+ 32.6
+ 19.1
- 77.7

+
+
+
-

20.1

January I through July J I
--:-:--=-1:.;9J:..::;-;:-:----,.,--

19 J 6
No.

Valuation

209 $ 382,777
1,126
2,846,987
808
766,466
735
1,098,497
8,678
7,288,681
447
608.174
1,140
6,723,565
760
1,109,626
2,696
11,482,708
886
677,738
1,697
2,666,092
864
1,172,461
264
421.527
119
266,888
16,208

$86,244,661

No.

Valuation

199 $ 161,176
1,060
8,666,669
809
292,789
886
324,060
2,784
2,042,627
318
860,881
778
1,602,660
736
427,499
1,760
3,680,366
517
266,662
4,980
1,852,703
929
711,636
194
308,698
199
220,967
15,628

$16,788,667

Pctg. change
valuntion
over period

+137.6
- 22.2
+161.8
+287.4
+266.6
- 29.1
+267.2
+169 .6
+219.3
+126.1
89.7
+ 64.8
+ 36.6
+ 20.1

+

+ 129.6

8

MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW

SUMMARY OF NATIONAL BUSINESS CONDITIONS
(Complied by the Board of Governors of the Fedel'al Reserve System a s of August 26, 1936)

Production, employment, and trade increased further in
July, when allowance is made for the usual seasonal
changes, and commodity prices continued to advance.
Money rates remained at extremely low levels.
PRODUCTION AND EMPLOYMENT

Industrial production, which usually declines considerably in July, was maintained at the level of the preceding
three months, and the Board's seasonally adjusted index
advanced to 108 per cent of the 1923-1925 average as compared with 103 per cent in June. Output of steel continued
at about the June rate, although a sharp decrease is usual,
and automobile production declined by less than the usual
amount. In the first three weeks of August there was little
change in activity at steel mills, while at automobile fac·
tories output was curtailed as preparations were made for
the production of 1937 models. Output of nondurable products was larger in July than in June, reflecting chiefly a
sharp rise in activity at cotton mills and greater than seasonal increases in production at shoe factories, silk mills,
and flour mills. At coal mines output increased and crude
petroleum continued to be produced in large volume. Factory employment increased further in July, contrary to seasonal tendency. The number of workers was larger than in
June at steel mills, foundry and machine shops, and furniture factories, while at railroad repair shops there was a
decline. Among the nondurable goods industries employment increased at textile mills and meat-packing plants, and
declined less than seasonally at establishments producing
wearing apparel. Factory payrolls decreased by a smaller
amount than is usual in July.
'
The value of construction contracts awarded increased
considerably from June to July, according to the F. W.
Dodge Corporation, with large increases reported for both
publicly-financed and privately-financed work.
AGRICULTURE

Crop prospects declined during July as a result of continued drought. On the basis of August 1 conditions, the
corn crop was estimated by the Department of Agriculture
at 1,439,000,000 bushels, a reduction of 37 per cent from
last season, and estimates for spring wheat, oats, hay, and
potatoes were also considerably under the harvests of a
year ago. The cotton crop was forecast at 12,481,000 bales
as compared with 10,638,000 bales last year and an average
of 14,,667,000 bales during the five years 1928-1932.

DISTRIBUTION

Retail trade was sustained in July at a higher level than
is usual in that month. The Board's adjusted index of
department store sales, which allows for a considerable sea'
sonal decline, increased from 88 per cent of the 1923-1925
average in June to 91 per cent in July, and mail-order and
variety store sales also showed smaller decreases lhan are
usual for the season. Freight-car loadings increased in July.
COMMODITY PRICES

Wholesale commodity prices continued to advance be·
tween the middle of July and the middle of August. Prices of
wheat, flour, feed grains, and dairy products rose consider·
ably, owing primarily to the drought, and livestock prices
also advanced while cotton declined. There was a consider·
able increase in the price of steel scrap.
BANK CREDIT

Excess reserves of member banks decreased from $2,920,
000,000 on July 15, to $1,810,000,000 on August 19. About
$1.,4.70,000,000 of excess reserves were absorbed by the in·
crease of 50 per cenl in reserve requirements of member
banks, which went into effect August 15. This decrease was
offset in part by a growth of $360,000,000 in total reserve
balances, reflecting principally large disbursements by the
Treasury from its funds held on deposit with Federal Re·
serve banks.
After the increase in reserve requirements there remained
a large amount of excess reserves widely distributed among
member banks. The money market was not affected by the
action, and interest rates remained at extremely low levels.
In the week ending August 19 a few scattered banks borrowed at the Reserve banks, but the total amount borrowed
was negligible and some banks drew upon their balances
with other banks in order to meet the increase in requirements. Deposits of domestic banks with reporting member
banks in leading cities declined by $210,000,000 in the
week.
Between July 15 and August 19 loans and investments
of reporting member banks in leading cities declined by
$260,000,000, reflecting reductions of $130,000,000 in loans
on securities and of $160,000,000 in holdings of United
States Government direct obligations, partly offset by an
increase of $60,000,000 in other loans to customers. Adjusted demand deposits, which increased to a new high level
on July 22, were slightly smaller on August 19.