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Monthly Business Review OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF DALLAS • (Compiled August 15,1936) Volume 21, No.7 Dallas, Texas, September 1, 1936 This copy Is relea sed for pub· Iication In aftemoon papers- Sept 1 • ==================================================================== DISTRICT SUMMARY THE SITUATION AT A GLANCE Eleventh Federal Reserve District Chong. from June July 1936 ~ank debits to individual accounts (at 18 cities) . $757,001,000 ncparttnent store sales............................................... .......... . eseI've bank loans to tnetnber banks at end of B ~onth ...................................................................... $ 884,980 C u ding permit valuation at larger centers ........ $ 3,985,656 12 cOmtnercial flliJures (number) ................................. O?Ftnercial fllilures (liabilities) .............................. $ 68,000 I production (bllrrels) ............................................. 40,230,250 + - + 8.40/0 22.2% - $86,517 20.10/0 - $85,000 8.00/0 5 + ------------------------------------------- - Developments in business and industry in the Eleventh ~ederal Reserve District continued generally favorable durIn!? the past month. The sales of department stores in pnncipal cities declined from June to July by less than the Usual seasonal amount, and registered an increase of 23 per cent as compared with the same month last year. Wholesale distribution in most reporting lines of trade reflected a further expansion in July, and business was maintained at a considerably higher level than in July last year. While retail collections declined seasonally, collections by wholesalers showed a noticeable increase. The volume of debits Lo individual accounts at reporting banks was 3 per cent above that in June and exceeded by 2 per cent the large total in July last year. . :rhe valuation of building permits issued at principal CIhes, though rccording a seasonal decline from the June volume, continued materially higher than in other recent years. The July figure was nearly double that for a year ago and the aggregate for the seven months was 130 per cent larger than the total for the comparable period in 1935. A general improvement in the condition of growing crops occurred during the past month as a result of the rains which fell over the major portion of the district in late June and in July. The Department of Agriculture in its August 1 report placed the condition of growing crops above that of July 1, and in most instances production estimates were increased. The indicated production of cotton in this district, on the basis of the August 1 estimate of the Department of Agriculture, is considerably larger than the 1935 harvest due both to the increased acreage and the higher prospective yield per acre. Range conditions improved in July and livestock were maintained in good condi· tion. The generally favorable agricultural outlook on August 1, however, has been tempered by the unusually high temperatures and hot winds prevailing over most of the district since that date. Commercial reports indicate that considerable crop deterioration has occurred. The loans of reporting member banks in leading cities increased $10,219,000 between July 8 and August 12, but their investments were reduced $3,406,000 during the same period. The combined total of loans and investments on August 12 was $57,772,000 higher than a year earlier, the increase being about equally divided between the two classifications. Member bank borrowings at the Federal Reserve Bank increased further between July 15 and August 15, and the relatively small volume outstanding on the latter date was slightly larger than a year ago. Federal Reserve notes in actual circulation amounted to $84,628,000 on August 15 as compared with $85,602,000 on July 15. BUSINESS Wholesale Trade The movement of merchandise through wholesale channels in this district was generally favorable during the past ~onth, The July sales of dry goods, drugs, and groceries Increased more than usual at this season, and in two lines there was a widening of gains as compared with the cor· responding month of the preceding year. While a greater than seasonal decline occurred in the sales of farm imple. Inents, business in this line was very active during the first half of the year, Substantial increases over a year ago were registered during July in the case of both farm implements and hardware. Collections in July were considerably larger than those in June. An active demand for dry goods at wholesale was in evidence during July. Sales of reporting firms reflected an increase of 30,3 per cent over those in the corresponding month last year, and the gain of 21.2 per cent over the previous month was larger than the average for this seaSOll. This publication was digitized and made available by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas' Historical Library (FedHistory@dal.frb.org) MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW 2 The increase in business was general over the district. Reflecting the accumulation of merchandise for the fall market season, stocks on hand on July 31 were 19.3 per cent greater than on June 30, and were 4..5 per cent larger than a year ago. July collections were 2.8 per cent larger than in June. Following the steady expansion in the sales of reporting wholesale hardware firms during the preceding five months, July business was approximately the same as in the previous month, and exceeded that of July last year by 28.6 per cent. Collections showed a June to July gain of 11.1 per cent. The demand for farm implements during July reflected a further decline of 15.5 per cent as compared with the previous month, but was 17.6 per cent better than in the corresponding month last year. Buying in some sections has been retarded by the dry weather. Collections during the month reflected a noticeable increase. A substantial increase in the buying of groceries at wholesale occurred during the past month. Sales of reporting firms showed a further gain of 9.1 per cent as compared with the previous month, and exceeded those in July last year by 12.8 per cent. Inventories of wholesalers on July 31 were 5.1 per cent larger than on June 30, and 9.2 per cent greater than at the end of July last year. There was an CONDITION OF WHOLESALE TRADE DURING JULY, 1986 Percentage of increase or decrease inNet S. le. July, 1936 compared with July June 19l5 1936 Groceries ........................... . Dry goods............................ Farm implements ................ Hardware ........... _............... Drugs ..................... _.......... . +12.8 +80.8 +17.6 +28.6 +20.6 + 9.1 +21.2 -16.5 + 0.2 + 7.6 Stock. July 31,1936 compnred wi th Jul y 31, Ju ne 30, 19 36 1935 + 9.2 + 4.5 + 5.1 +19.8 +16.6 5.2 +26.7 + 8.6 .7 + 4.0 + Ratio of collections duri ng July to accounts and notes ou ts tanding on June 30 89.4 88.4 7.5 49.6 62.0 increase of 8.8 per cent m collections between June and July. After declining during the second quarter, the wholesale drug business turned upward in July. Sales were 7.6 per cent higher than in June and evidenced a gain of 20.6 per cent over a year ago. Collections in July were 5.2 per cent in excess of those in June. Consumer buying at department stores in larger cities of this district reflected a smaller than usual mid-summer reces· sion. The decline from June to July in the dollar volume of business amounted to 22.2 per cent, and as compared with a year ago, sales registered a gain of 22.8 per cen.t. The index of department store sales as compiled by thIS bank, which makes allowances for average seasonal changes, rose to a new high level for the recovery period, the July figure being 101.6 per cent of the 1923-25 average, as corn' pared with 99.6 per cent in June, and 83.7 per cent in July, 1935. Sales during the first seven months of the year a~er' aged 17.0 per cent higher than in the corresponding penod last year. Retail Trade Inventories at department stores on July 31 were 6.0 per cent less than on June 30, but were 8.0 per cent larger than a year ago. The rate of stock turnover for the seven months of the current year was 1.94., which compares with 1. 75 during the same period of 1935. Collections on regular accounts reflected a seasonal de· cline during the month. The ratio of July collections to regular accounts outstanding on July 1 was 40.8 per cent, as compared with 42.6 per cent in June, and 38.4 per cent in July last year. There was an increase in collections on installment accounts. BUSINESS OF DEPARTMENT SrORES + 28.8 - 22.8 + 18.8 + 27.2 - 20.6 + 20.1 + 17.8 - 21.4 + 12.0 + 28.2 - 20.6 + 19.8 Others + 18.8 - 25.8 + 14.2 Total Dis't. ~~l;: ~~~~: ~~~~:~:~ ~i~~ ~~~~,1{98:6:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~~l;: i~~~: ~~~~:~:~ ~i~ ~~~~, W:6:::::::·.:::::::·.:::·.::::::::~::·.::::·.::::::·.::::'.:.:'.::::::::::.:::'.::::::::'.:'.::::::'.::::::: + 17.8 - 28.8 + 19.4 + 25.9 - 20.8 + 18.9 + 28.9 - 17.7 + 15.5 + 27.4 - 24.8 + 20 .1 + 12.2 - 29.8 + 12.6 + 20.S _ 28.3 + 17.7 + 19.0 6.6 + - + O.lla. Total sales (percentage): January 1 to July 81, 1986, compared with same period last year .......................................... . Credib saies (percentage) : January 1 to July 81, 1986, compared with same period last year ......................................... . Stocke on hand at end of month (percentage) : July, 1986, compared with July, 1985............................................................................................. . July, 1986, compared with June, 1986............................................................................................. Stock turnover (rate) : Rate of stock turnover in July, 1935 ................................................................................................ Rate of stock turnover in July, 1986 .............................................................................................. .. Rate of stock turnover January 1, to July 81. 1986 ..................................................................... Rate of stock turnover January 1, to July 81, 1986 .................................................................... . Ratio of July collections to open accounts receivable and outstanding July 1. 1986............... Retio of July collections to installment accounts receivable and outstanding July 1, 1986... Indexes of department store sales: Unadjusted-June. 1986..............................................................................._.................................... Unadjusted--July, 1986 ........................... _......_.............._................................................................ . Adjusted-June, 1986 .......................................................................................................................... Adjusted--July, 1986 ...................................................................................................._.................... . Indexes of department store stocks: Unadjusted-June, 1986 ..................................................................................................................... Unadjusted--July, 1986 ..................................................................................................................... . Adjusted--June. 1985.......................................................................................................................... Adjusted-July, 1985 ........................................................................................................................... The number and liabilities of commercial failures in the Eleventh Federal Reserve District reflected a decline in July and reached the lowest level in several years. According to the report of Dun and Bradstreet, Incorporated, there were 12 Commercial Failures .26 .27 2.02 2.15 42.2 15.6 Houston Fort Worth 2.8 4.4 .19 .28 1.47 1.74 85.6 16.7 - 2.9 18.0 .21 .24 1.66 1.90 42.7 Sail AntonIo 4.2 2.9 .24 .28 1.96 2.15 45.1 14.6 + 8.6 4.5 .18 .21 1.47 1.68 86.8 24.7 + 22.8 _ 22.2 + 17.0 + 8.0 6.0 .22 .25 1.75 1.94 40.S 16.7 91.6 96.1 76.0 110.6 118.4 101.1 70.4 107.6 105.9 90.0 71.7 84.9 102.4 88.9 66.0 85.6 97.1 99.6 101.6 56.8 52.2 68.S 6S.1 65.1 62.2 68.6 67 .6 40.8 86.6 44.8 41.1 4S.0 44 .6 62.8 51.8 57.1 64.0 60.7 69.8 71.1 - failures in July as compared with 17 defaults in June and 19 insolvencies in the corresponding month last year. ~he indebtedness of defaulting firms amounted to $63,000 dunng July as against $1.4.8,000 in the previous month and $197,000 in July last year. MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW s AGRICULTURE Growing crops in most sections of the Eleventh District responded to the favorable weather conditions obtaining in July, and the August 1 production estimates by the Departlllent of Agriculture for most crops were equal to or higher ~han those on July 1. The Department reported that the Indicated yield per acre of 32 important crops combined, August 1, 1936 (expressed as a percentage of the 1921-30 a~erage yield), was as follows for states attached to this dIstrict; Texas-1l2; Louisiana-123; Arizona-1l7; New Mexico-l08; and Oklahoma-63. The low figure for Oklahoma reflects the effects of the severe and prolonged drought prevailing in that State. The effects of the drought upon crops were also visible in those counties on the eastern side of the Panhandle and in north central Texas b?rdering on Oklahoma. Since early in August exceedingly hIgh temperatures accompanied by hot winds have preyailed over much of the district and commercial reports Indicate that crops have been affected adversely. Crop Conditions The cotton crop made good progress during July in most sections of this district. Production for the Eleventh District, as compiled by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System on the basis of estimates by states as of August 1 by the Department of Agriculture, was placed at 4,568,000 bales, which compares with an actual production of 3,569,000 bales in 1935. In all states, wholly or partially attached to this district, except Oklahoma, prospects on August 1 were for a better than average per acre yield. The T~xas crop was estimated at 3,850,000 bales as compared WIth an actual harvest of 2,956,000 bales in 1935. The per a?re yield was placed at 155 pounds, which compares with 133 pounds in 1935. In the southern and southeastern parts of the State, the crop showed the effects of excessive ~l1oisture, unusual vegetative growth and insect activity, but In other sections insect damage was reported as below average and prospective yield above the average. The per acre yield in Louisiana was forecasted at 24.5 pounds, as compared with 218 pounds in 1935, and 192 pounds for the Len-year average. Total production was estimated at 678,000 bales as against an actual production of 556,000 bales last ~ear . Cotton in Arizona and New Mexico was in good conditIon and large yields were in prospect. The drought and unusually high temperatures prevailing in Oklahoma have greatly reduced prospects in that State, and the August 1 forecast of 4,65,000 bales was only about 38 per cent of the ten-year average production. . ~he corn crop in Texas, Louisiana, and Arizona reRected Dn Improvement in July, but the production estimates by the ~partment of Agriculture as of August 1 were below the 1935 harvest due in part to the smaller acreage and in part to lower per acre yields. The indicated production for Texas ivas placed at 68,192,000 bushels, as compared with the Ju ly estimate of 57,537,000 bushels, and a harvest of 89,368,000 bushels in 1935. The estimated production for LOUisiana was increased from 16,244,,000 bushels on July 1 to 20,884,,000 bushels on August 1, and the latter fig ure compares with an output of 27,676,000 bushels in 193r:. I he forecast for Oklahoma remained unchanged at ] 2,52,000 bushels, which is approximately half the poor harvest a year ago. The grain sorghums acreage in Texas and Oklahoma was reduced considerably this year, which will be reflected in a lower total production. The August 1 estimate for Texas was for a crop of 4.9,840,000 bushels as against a production of 60,075,000 bushels in 1935. In Oklahoma, production this year was forecasted at 10,360,000 bushels, as compared with last year's harvest of 13,160,000 bushels. The indicated production ill New Mexico was 4.,875,000 bushels, which is substantially larger than last year's output due ill part to the larger acreage. The August 1 forecast for tame hay in Texas and Louisiana was for a crop larger than the July 1 estimates or the actual production in 1935. There was no change during the month in the indicated production for other staLes partially attached to this district. The Texas rice crop was forecasted at 10,557,000 bushels on August 1, as compared with 10,350,000 bushels on July 1, and a crop of 8,84,0,000 bushels in 1935. While sweet potato prospects in Texas and Louisiana improved materially during July, the indicated production on August 1 was lower than the 1935 production. It was reported that lhe August 1 prospects for the citrus crops in Texas were much beLter than a year ago. A betterment in the condition of ranges during the past month occurred over a major portion of the Eleventh District as a result of rains in late June and in July. The Department of Agriculture reported that on August 1 ranges in Texas were in very good condition and had a good supply of feed for fall grazing, except in the counties of north central and northwest Texas adjacent to Oklahoma. While ranges in most of north, northwest, and west Texas carry a good supply of matured grass, a general rain is needed to revive vegetation. In most other sections of the State, feed supplies are generally ample. Rain is also needed in southeastern Arizona and southern New Mexico to provide winter feed. Except in the very dry areas, caLtle and sheep are in good condition generally and the large lamb and calf crops are making good gains. Livestock The Department of Agriculture reported that Texas ranges improved 3 points in July, whereas a decline usually occurs. Cattle ranges were rated at 85 per cent of normal on August 1, which was 1 point lower than a year earlier, but 5 points higher than the ten-year average. The 88 per cent condition of sheep and goat ranges on August 1 was the same as on that date in 1935, and 6 points above the average. The August 1 condition of cattle was 88 per cent of normal, as compared with 85 per cent on July 1, and 86 per cent on August 1, 1935. Sheep remained unchanged during July at 85 per cent, which is 2 points lower than the condition figure on August 1 last year. The condition of goats showed an improvement of 2 points during the month. In New Mexico, range and livestock conditions declined in July, but the August 1 condition was better than a year earlier. While ranges in Arizona improved during the month, livestock showed little change. Record Lamb Crop in Texas The Department of Agriculture in its July 1 report estimated that the 1936 lamb crop in Texas is the largest on record . The number of lambs docked was placed at 3,726,000 head, which is 69 per cent larger than in 1935, 4.5 per cent greater than in 1934" and slightly above the 1933 4 MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW crop. While the increase was due in part to the larger number of breeding ewes, the major portion of the gain resulted from the larger number of lambs saved per hundred ewes, which amounted to 76 per cent in 1936, as compared with 4.6 per cent in 1935, and 48 per cent in 1934.. The crop in New Mexico is 15 per cent larger than in 1935, and it is about the same in Arizona. Wool ProducThe preliminary report on wool production in 1936 tion for 1936 by the Department of Agriculture placed the Texas crop at 63,167,000 pounds, which is 3,94.7,000 pounds larger than the 1935 crop and the second largest crop on record. The increase is accounted for both by the greater number of sheep shorn and the heavier average weight per fleece. Production in other states partially attached to this district showed a decline. Movements The receipts of livestock at the Fort and Prices Worth market reflected a sharp decline during July. The arrivals of cattle, calves, and sheep were materially smaller than in either the previous month or the corresponding month last year, with the largest decline occurring in the sheep division. While the receipts of hogs were considerably below those in June, they exceeded by a substantial margin the small volume of July, 1935. The cattle market during the last half of July and the first week of August was slow and prices were uneven to lower, but in the second week of August trading was more active and prices on practically all classes showed an ad· vance of twenty-five cents. The decline in hog prices around the middle of July was soon regained and the best offerings at mid-August were bringing $10.75, which was the highest level reached since last September. The trend of the sheep and lamb market was toward a lower level. FORT WORTH LIVESTOOK REOEIPTS (Number) July Oattle ........................ Oalves....................... Hogs......................... Sheep ........................ 1936 42,496 21,182 18,004 87,122 July 1935 70,048 28,042 11,785 63,286 Change over year -27,547 - 6,860 6,269 -26,164 + Change over June 1936 53,927 25,068 24,778 87,705 month - 11,481 - 8,886 - 6,774 - 50,583 OOMPARATIVE TOP LIVESTOOK PRICES (Dollars per hundredweight) July July 1936 Beef steers. ................................................................... $ 7.75 Stocker steers................................................................ 7.00 1935 $ 9.75 ~~~~he~ ~~~~.e.~.~~.~~~.~::::::::::. :::. :::::. ::::. :. :. . ::. ::::::::. ::::::: ~:~~ 10.65 6.50 8.00 10.60 4.00 7.50 Oalves.............................................................................. 7.25 l~~~:.:.:..:. ~:.:::~:~:.:~~.:~~.:.:.:.:.:.:.:::~.:.:~~:~~:::.:.: .:.: :.: .~ ~ .: :. : . :.:~~:.:. ~.: ~:~~ 1 Junt: 1936 $ 8.00 7.00 8.50 5.50 8.00 10.20 6.00 10.00 FINANCE Condition of Member Banks in Leading Cities The loans of reporting member banks in leading cities of this district rose to $203,601,000 on August 12, which was the highest figure reported since early in 1934.. The total was $10,219,000 above that on July 8, and $27,775,000 greater than loans on August 14, 1935. During the five-week period ending August 12, loans on securities declined $724,000, while "all other" loans (agricultural, commercial, and industrial loans) increased $10,943,000. While the investments of these banks in the direct and fully guaranteed obligations of the United States Government were reduced $3,154.,000 between July 8 and August 12, holdings on the latter date were $23,. 167,000 larger than on the corresponding date in 1935. Investments in other securities declined $252,000 during the five-week period, but were $6,830,000 higher than a year earlier. Their demand deposits-adjusted on August 12 totaled $361,562,000, which represents an increase of $9,OONDITION STATISTICS OF MEMB'E R BANKS IN LEADING OITIES (In thousands of dollars) Aug. 12, Aug. 14, July 8, 1936 1935 1936 United States securities (owned) ...................... $189,914 $154,956 $195,080 Securities fully guaranteed by United States Government (owned) ........................... 81,363 43,154 29,851 All other stocks, bonds, and securities (owned) .............................................................. . 48,669 41,889 48,921 Loans on securities ............................................... 42.882 42,471 48,606 All other loans ..................................................... .. 133,355 160,719 149,776 Total loans .............................................................. 175,826 203,601 193,882 Demand deposit&-adjusted O......... . ........ .. .......... . 361,562 823,185 851,991 Time deposits .......................................................... 120,155 121,805 120,828 United States Government deposits................ .. 87,174 19,607 88,847 Interbank deposits............................................ .... 180.816 136.933 192,161 Balances with domestic banks ........................... 179,981 152,975 184,301 Reserve with Federal Reserve Bank ............. 88,748 78,418 95,377 Bills payable and rediscounts with F ederal Resel've Bank.................................................... . None None None ·Demand deposits other than interbank and United States Government, less cash items reported as on hand or in process of collection. 571,000 during the five· week period, and $38,377,000 o~er those a year ago. Time deposits, however, showed a dechn e from both comparative dates. The reserve deposits of these banks with the Federal Reserve Bank amounted to $88,748,000 on August 12, as compared with $95,377,000 Oil July 8, and $73,418,000 on August 14" 1935. Operations of Federal Reserve Bank loans to member the Federal Rebanks reflected a further increase beserve BanI. tween July 15 and August 15. Total loans on the latter date amounted to $597,000 as compared with $379,000 a month earlier, and $577,000 on August 15, 1935. Outstanding industrial ad· vances stood at $1,560,000 on August 15, which represents a decline of $63,000 from the total on July 15, and $285.,000 from that on the corresponding date last year. bank's investments in United States Government secuntles remained unchanged at $93,570,000. The reserve deposits of member banks amounted to $144,110,000 on August 15, as compared with $138,662,000 on July 15, and $121,088,000 on August 15, 1935. Federal Reserve notes in actual circulation totaled $84,628,000 on August 15, which was $974.,000 lower than a month earlier. The cash reserves of this bank, which declined sharply during the last haH of 'P!IS OONDITION OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANK (In thousands of dollars) Total cash reserves..... ............ ....................... .. Discounts for member banks ............................. . Other bills discounted ........................................... Industrial advances .............................................. . Oommitments to make Industriul advances .. . Bills bought in the open market.................. .. United States Government securities owned .. All other investments.......................................... . Total earning assets. ...................................... Member bank reserve deposits ........... ............ . Federal Reserve notes In actual circulation.. .. Aug. IS, Aug. IS, 1936 $168,905 597 None 1,560 536 87 98,570 None 95,814 144.110 84,628 1935 $110,887 577 None 1,845 448 122 81,475 None 84.019 121,088 61,044 July IS, 1936 $178,255 879 None 1,628 588 86 98,570 None 95,658 138,662 85,602 6 MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW Iu.ly, rose steadily in the two succeeding weeks and at the mlddle of August amounted to $168,905,000. While this figure was $41,350,000 lower than a month earlier, it was $58,068,000 higher than a year ago. Deposits 0/ Member Banles There is presented a table showing the demand deposits-adjusted and time de. posits of member banks in the Eleventh DIstrict as of each "call" date from June 30, 1933, to March 4" 1936, inclusive, segregated according to reserve city and COuntry banks. DEPOSITS OF MEMB'ER BANKS (In thousands of dollRrs) Combined Tot:tl Reserve City Bnnks Demand Dem:md Country B'IOks (2) Demand Call d deposits Tillie deposits Tllne deposits Time J ates: ndjnSled (1) Deposits ndjusted (1) Deposits nrljusted (1) Deposits Ou~e SO. 1988 (3) .. $879,662 $189,863 $176,729 $114,301 $202,938 $76,662 DC' 26, 1988........... 406,974 189,949 181.897 108.783 224.077 81,216 80. 1938........... 444,206 190,000 194,914 107,497 249.291 82,608 Jar. 5. 1934 .......... 489.624 198.799 216,647 108.256 272,877 85,643 e 80, 1984 .......... 496,620 197.280 232.911 111.854 262,609 86,426 DC 17,1984 ........ 542.021 195,992 246,486 109,410 295.585 86, 582 ~ec. 81, 1984 ......... 551,276 196.066 242,422 112,117 308.854 88 ,949 Juar • 4. 1986 .... ........ 572,576 195,066 269,032 111.861 318.644 88,196 »ne 29, 1986......... 588,644 195,210 276,556 113,421 307,088 81.789 D ov. I, 1985 .......... 628,988 194.362 294,456 111, 378 384,582 82.989 ~cc. 81, 1985 ......... 642,167 198,495 292,629 111,851 349.688 86 ,644 ar. 4, 1986 ...... 662,216 196,626 300,624 109,285 361,692 87,34 1 (1) Demand deposits ot her than Interbank and United States Government, les8 cash items in process of collection and. pt'ior to December 81, 1986, less cash items r eported on band but not in proceS8 of collection. (2) Outlying banks in reserve cities which bave been authorized to carl'y country bunk reserves Ill'e included witb country banks. (a) Beginning June, 1988, figures reiate to licensed banks only. 'ltr' r oUt --------------------------------------------------------Debits to IndiVidual Accounts ( Debits to individual accounts at banks in eighteen reporting cities of this district in July reflecLed a further increase of 3.4 per cent as compared with the previous month, and 1.9 per cent as compared with the correSPonding month last year. While the increase over a year ago was considerably smaller than in earlier months of the year, it will be recalled that debits at one city were exceptionally large in July, 1935, as a result of transactions incident to the transfer of ownership of a large corporation. DEBITS TO INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS (In thousands of dollars) June Petg. change July July Petg. eh.nge 1936 over month over year 1936 19J5 $ 7,147 + 4.5 Abilene .......................... .. $ 7.466 +66.1 $ 4.815 Austin ....................... ..... . +14.4 21.871 - 6.1 26.661 26.024 21,759 -.3 Beaumont....... _.............. 20,181 21.688 7.4 2.617 + 7.7 Corsicana ...................... . +14.6 2.460 2.818 206.948 + 6.1 Dallas.. .......................... .. +29.6 168.570 218.477 28.626 - 1.7 +14.4 El Paso........................... . 20.806 28.221 +12.1 71,892 Fort Worth ................... _ 80,016 66.746 +19.9 25,286 - 1.7 24,860 +20.4 20.651 ~~~se~~~:..:....:::~.::..::::..::..:: 180,601 266.089 -82.1 181 ,966 - .7 7.456 + 8.2 +88.1 6.061 8.066 Port Arthur .................. 8.148 -14.0 2,783 - 2.7 2,708 RoswelL ...................... .. 62,921 - 1.0 58,299 62.818 6.9 San Antonio ................. .. 89,445 + 2.9 29,408 88.0 40,583 Sbreveport.................... .. 10.1 - 6.8 6.782 5,784 6.312 Texarkana· .................. .. 88.9 10.612 6.8 9,954 7.486 Tucson........................... .. 18.499 +18.0 10,957 +89.2 15,254 Tyler ............................. .. 12.428 + 2.5 12,737 +15.7 11,010 Waco ............................ ·14.802 + 4.2 14,903 14.691 + 1.4 Wicblta Falls ............... .. $782.084 + 8.4 $742.808 1.9 TotnL ........ . $767.001 "Includes the figm'cs of two banks in Texarkana, Arkansas, located in the Eighth District. + + i + Outstanding bankers' acceptances executed by accepting banks in this district amounted to $600,116 on July 31 as compared with $501,759 on June 30, and $1,013,064 on July 31, 1935. Acceptances executed against import and export transactions reflected a slight decline during July, while those based on the domestic shipment and storage of goods were increased. Acceptance Market The savings deposits at 125 banks in this district which operate savings departments showed little change between June 30 and July 31, but the total on the latter date was 2.9 per cent larger than a year ago. There was a further increase in the number of savings depositors. Savings Deposits ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SAVINGS DEPOSITS July 3 I, 1936 Number of fe- Number of porting savings bAnks depositors 3 8.943 July 3 t. t 9JS Juno 10,1916 Amount of Number of Amount of Percentnge change Number of Amount of Percentage change snvings snvings savings over year in savings savings over month in deposits savings deposits depositors deposi ts snvings deposits depositors deposits Beaumont ........................ ............... .. $ 8,556,707 .n 9,029 8,598,689 - 1.2 8.888 $ 8,574,800 9" 80.116 26,881,620 77,126 25,514.649 + 1.2 79,865 26,788.886 .2 2 18,041 6,782.3 69 12,299 6.685.394 +19.8 12,909 6.764.862 .4 8 36 ,118 12.188.454 84.868 11.176,668 + 9.1 86,668 12.180,241 .5 4 17,889 10,693.044 16,985 10,829.040 + 8.5 17,218 10,600.627 .9 11" 68,054 80,157,766 - 1.1 66.584 81.780,799 - 5.1 67.698 80.602,742 2 6.210 2,287,605 6.848 2.107.116 + 8.6 6,177 2,248,421 1.7 19,619 17.866,517 6" 17,658 16,818.980 + 9.5 19,520 17,880,885 .1 10.837.15 6 8 23 ,599 22,255 10.670,274 + 2.5 28.208 10,676.076 + 1.5 3 9,629 5,481.846 9.846 6,846.880 -18.6 9,499 6,662,969 - 8.2 8 6,462 8.427.077 6.077 8.104,651 +10.4 6.440 8,429,964 .1 76' 52.393 27,493.618 60.752 25.659,261 + 7.1 61,661 27,419,468 .8 Total..... .. ................ .... .. ill, 340,428 $156.602,262 • + 2.9 887.241 $156.661 ,870 -=-:03 828.767 $152,185,751 ·Only 8 banks in Dallas, 10 ill Houston, 5 San A ntollio. and 68 banks in "All othel's" l'eported tbe numbel' of savings depositors. il;.![;!;:I~\~; + + + + + + ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------DISCOUNT RATES OHARGED BY MEMBER BANKS DURING AUGUST Prevailing Rates Dnllns Rate cbarged customers on prime commercial pnper such as is now eligible for n t ~edi8count under the Fecleral R eserve Act .................. ................................................ . n~~ cba~ged on lonns to otbel' bank8 secured by bills receivable .............................. .. i on loans secured by prime stock exchange or other current collateral (nob ncluding loans placed in otber markets tbrough correspondent banks ) : Demand ....................................... _............................................................................. . Rate b Time ...................... ........................................................................................ .................... . nat c al'ged on commodity paper secured by warehouse receipt8, etc .... _.................. . C On cattle loans....... _................ .................................................. ............ ........... . ... .. 3-8 4-5 4 5-8 2-8 El Poso Fort Worth Houston San Antonlo 5-6 5 1-6 4-6 8-7 4¥.!-6 5-7 6 6-8 6-8 7-8 6-8 8-'l 6-8 6 6-8 6-8 6-8 4-10 4-10 5-10 8-7 8-7 7-10 Waco 6-8 6-8 8-'l 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW 6 INDUSTRY Cottonseed Products The receipts of cottonseed and the production of cottonseed products at Texas mills in J ul y were materially larger than in June, but were considerably lower than in July last year. At all United States mills, July operations were on a smaller scale than in either comparative month. During the 1935-36 crushing season ending July 31, the production of all classes of cottonseed products was larger than in the previous season at both Texas and all United States mills, but the largest increase occurred at Texas mills. The production of crude oil, cake and meal, and hulls, however, was smaller than in any previous season since 1923-24, due to the smaller volume of seed available for crushing. The distribution of products during the season exceeded production and stocks on hand at mills on July 31, 1936, were sharply lower than a year earlier. STATISTICS ON COTTONSEED AND COTTONSEED PRODUCTS Texas August 1 to July 31 This season Last season United States August 1 to July 3 1 This season Last se:tSon Cottonseed received at mills (tons) ...................... . 971,778 744,460 3,742,122 3,418,135 Cottonseed crushed (tons) . 986,809 823,379 3,813,935 8,549,891 Cottonseed on hand July 81 (tons).................. 7.881 22,412 17,762 89,575 Crude oil produced (lbs.) ... 282,285,886 236,848,883 1,163,055,575 1,108,582,294 Cake and meal produced (tone) ................................. 460,463 889,588 1,737,950 1,614,345 Hulls produced (tons) ........ 264,044 218,648 987,416 913,039 Linters produced (running bales) ............... 195,708 175,240 873,907 805,083 Stocks on hand July 31: Crude oil (pounds).............. 1,408,052 2,6 64,149 8,456,614 10,885,604 Cake and meal (tons)......... 8,078 31,567 68,905 198,367 Hulls (tons) .......................... 11,092 17,744 26,278 76,604 Linters (running bales) ... _ 9,990 22,209 44,786 71,292 Source : Bureau of Census. Textile Milling The domestic consumption of cotton reflected a further counter-to-seasonal gain in July. The total for the month rose to 603,203 bales, which is 8.4, per cent above that in June, 54,.4, per cent greater than in July, 1935, and the largest consumption in any month since June, 1933. Total consumption during the 1935-36 season, which aggregated 6,348,423 bales, exceeded by 18.4, per cent the amount consumed in the 1934-35 season, and was larger than · in any similar period since the 1928-29 season. Mill stocks of raw cotton on July 31 were lower than a month earlier, but greater than a year ago . The Bureau of Census estimated that the carry-over of American cotton on July 31, 1936, was 5,397,185 bales, as compared with 7,208,477 bales on the same date last year, and 7,743,695 bales two years ago . COTTON CONSUMED AND ON HAND (Bales) July July August 1 to Jul y 31 1936 19 3 S This season Lus t senson Cotton-growing states: Cotton consumed .............................. 504,821 821,470 5,334,284 4,805,950 Cotton on hand July 81 inConsuming establishments ....... 708,131 596,479 Public storage and compresses . 3,880,156 5,594,682 United States : Cotton consumed .............................. 608,208 890,71 2 6,848,428 5,860,867 Cotton on hand July 81 inConsuming establishments ..... _ 898 ,084 788,989 Public storage and compresses 8,924,101 5,789 ,488 Source: Bureau of Census. The receipts of cotton at the ports of Houslon and Galveston in July were slightly larger than in the previous month, or the same month last year. Exports from these ports were smaller than in June, and at Houston they were lower than in July, 1935. Stocks of colton at Houston on July 31 were noticeably smaller than on June 30 and July 31 last year, while at Galveston supplies were materially larger than a year ago. Cotton Movements The July foreign exports of cotton from all United States ports declined to 156,262 bales, which represents a reduction of 45.6 per cent as compared with the previous month, and 43.5 per cent as compared with the correspond· ing month last year. Exports during the 1935-36 season amounted to 5,972,566 bales, as compared with 4,795,339 bales in the 1934-35 season, or an increase of 24.5 per cent, but the season's total was lower than in any other recent season. COTTON MOVEMENTS THROUGH THE PORT (Bales) July July 1936 1935 Receipts. ................................ 23,923 18,270 Exports ................................. . 51,921 63,844 Stocks, July 81.................. . OF GALVESTON August 1 to July 3 I This season L:lst season 1,629,172 1,49 1,610 362,195 954,833 1,241, 653 224,653 COTTON-GALVESTON STOCK STATEMENT (Bales) July 31, 1936 For Great Br itain ..................................................................... . 1,000 Fot· France ................................................................................. 1,400 For other foreign ports ........................................................... . 8,200 For coastwise ports .................................................................. . 500 In compresses and depots....... ................................................ . 856,095 TotaL ............................................................................ 862,195 July 31, 1935 1,400 100 2,000 800 220,803 224,65» COTTON MOVEMENTS THROUGH .:I'HE PORT OF HOUSTON (Bales) August I to Jul y 3 1 July July This se:lson Las t sen son 1936 1935 Receipts........................................... 16,984 1,741,105 1,098,327 16,878 Exports ......................................... . 52,325 1,764,024 1,510,900 81 ,088 Stocks, July 31 .............................. . 194,952 812,917 SEASON'S RECEIPTS, E XPORTS, AND STOCKS OF COTTON AT ALL UNITED STATES PORTS (Bales) August I to Jul y 31 Las t season This season 4,500,405 Receipts ................................................................................. . 7,134,814 Exports: 788,15 4 UnIted Kingdom ................................................................ 1,'109,54 7 372,656 France................................................................................... 680,927 474,106 Italy ...................................................................................... . 379,896 841,850 Germany .............................................................................. 765,485 939,188 Other Europe............................................ .......................... . 923,587 1, 52 1,19~ Japa n .................................................................................... 1,479,167 All other countries ............................................................ . 833,957 ~0 4,795,83 Total exporta ............................................................................ 5,912,566 1,084,316 1,221,114 Stocks held at all United States porta July 81 ........... . SPOT COTTON PRICES Middling Basis (Cents per pound) July, 1936 New york .............. . ............................................... . New Orleans .......................................................... . Dallas ..................................................... ,................. Houston ................................................................ . Galveston ............................................................... . Petroleum High Low 13.65 18.44 12.96 18.40 18.40 12.49 12.55 11.88 12.24 12.25 Aug. IS, 1936 12.86 12.12 11.78 12.18 12.16 The production of crude oil in the Eleventh Federal Reserve District totaled 40,230,250 barrels in July, as compared with 39,073,100 barrels in June, and 35,153,150 barrels in July, 1935. On MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW JULY DRILLING RESULTS account of the longer month, the daily average output of 1,297,750 barrels in July was 4,686 barrels lower than in the previous month, but it remained at a relatively high ~evel and was 163,778 barrels larger than in the correspond. Ing month of 1935. There was a further decline in the rate of drilling activity in July. There were 1,060 wells com· pleted during the four weeks ending July 25, of which 795 \lv~ns were producers of oil yielding an initial production of ,312,527 barrels. During the five·week period ending June coml?letions. ~o~aled 1,384 wells including 1,054, pro· ucers with an mlttal output of 1,614,023 barrels. Completion, Producers S~~hTT~~s ..................... . Teltas Coa~~ai·::: ··.::: .. ··:::.:·: N Tot:} Texas .................... . N~~h ~i~o ........... . ...... . ulsiana ............. .. Total District ............... . 8,749,360 6,862,200 14,963,600 2,619,350 7,789,000 86,428,400 2,294 .160 2,612,700 40,230,260 120,947 204,910 482,698 84,496 249,646 W2.ii9O 74,006 81,066 1,297,760 Total Building Building operations at principal cities in the Eleventh Federal Reserve District, while seasonally smaller than in the previous month, con· tinued at a relatively high level. The aggregate valuation of building permits issued at fourteen cities in July amounted to $3,985,656, which is 20.1 per cent less than the total of $4.,987,002 in June, but 98.7 per cent larger than the aggregate of $2,005,697 in July a year ago . The volume for the first seven months of the current year averaged 129.6 per cent higher than in the corresponding period last year. Dally Avg. 180,960 208,200 238,800 69,060 206,700 + 887 ,200 + 103,160 + 216,800 +1,167,160 t + + + - 81,682 178,686 862,627 79,368 24,683 1,166,686 100,866 46,486 1,312,627 1.614,023 Aug . 9, 19J6 1935 Texas Coastal (34 gravity and above) ........................... ... $1.22 $1.12 North Texas (40 gl'avity and above) ..................................... 1.08 1.03 North Louisiana (40 gravity and above) ............................. 1.10 1.08 (Oil statistics compiled by The 011 Weekly, Houston. Texas) Increase or decrcOlse over June, 1936 + + + Initial Production Aug. 7, OIL PRODUCTION (Barrels) North T Fallurea CRUDE OIL PRICES (Price per barrel) ~roduction from Texas fields averaged 1,14,2,690 barrels datIy, or 10,183 barrels lower than in June. While there Was a slight increase in north Texas, all other Texas fields ~'egistered declines with the principal reduction occurring In the east Texas field . After declining in June, the daily average production in New Mexico and north Louisiana l'heflected an increase in July, and in the latter area reached t e highest level of the current year at 81,055 banels. ~est Te~~~::·::· ..::·":::·.::·:::.:· ens Wells North Teltas...................... 226 126 88 12 West Texas ....................... 144 124 20 26 East Texas ....................... 266 227 3 73 South Texas...................... 268 179 6 2 21 Texas CoastaL................ 83 60 Total Texas ................. 9sii 7i5 2s 228 New Mexico...................... 66 63 2 North Louisiana.............. 89 27 6 7 "July totals, dlstl'ict ....... 1,060 795 2s 237 ··June totals, district .... 1,884 1,064 46 284 . July figures represent four weeks ended July 26, 1986 • •• June figures represent five weeks ended June 27, 1986. r, July, 19J6 Total Dally Avg. 7 384 67 8,147 848 1,466 10,188 972 4,626 4,686 BUILDING PERMITS July, 19J 6 Vnluntiol1 No. Amat'lIIo ~~:~~o;;:.::::::·.·.::::.·:·.::::::: D~lrus Christi ............. EIP~s .......... .. Forb ~o·{.t ..· ................. . GalVeston h ..... .. ......... . ~O'\8ton .. :::::::::.::::::::: SOl' frthur ................. n ntonio .............. .. W~:eport ................. . Sh Wichlt~..F~·ii~·::::::::.::.·::. TotaL. ......... - 28 $ 88.092 179 249,646 182 76,189 162,672 167 422,980 616 101,885 77 761,696 227 124 676.871 408 867,170 111,820 187 310,242 248 206,676 182 90.428 85 26,186 18 2,468 $8,986,666 'Increase over one thousand per cent. July, 1935 No. 40 188 132 67 410 39 124 92 Valuation Pete. ch:mge valuntion over ycnr + No. 82,738 262,286 41,192 74.406 846,464 22,188 221,400 39,693 1.1 1.1 + 86.0 +118.6 22.4 +866.9 +244.0 26R 597,816 84 86a 108 33 26 83,220 162,222 78,328 76,691 88,716 + 48.6 +236.6 +103.8 +163.7 + 17.9 - 34.9 46 181 189 132 542 60 176 130 482 144 286 188 46 21 1,949 $2,006,697 + 98.7 2,466 $ + " June, 19J6 Valuation $ 60,808 878,006 96,687 104,038 887,097 144,291 1,467,662 236,465 1,176,880 79,108 632,627 166,746 76,923 118,180 $4,987 ,002 Pctg. change vnhmtion over month - 84.9 84.0 21.2 56 .3 9.S - 29.7 - 47.8 +146.0 - 27.1 41.4 - 41.8 + 32.6 + 19.1 - 77.7 + + + - 20.1 January I through July J I --:-:--=-1:.;9J:..::;-;:-:----,.,-- 19 J 6 No. Valuation 209 $ 382,777 1,126 2,846,987 808 766,466 735 1,098,497 8,678 7,288,681 447 608.174 1,140 6,723,565 760 1,109,626 2,696 11,482,708 886 677,738 1,697 2,666,092 864 1,172,461 264 421.527 119 266,888 16,208 $86,244,661 No. Valuation 199 $ 161,176 1,060 8,666,669 809 292,789 886 324,060 2,784 2,042,627 318 860,881 778 1,602,660 736 427,499 1,760 3,680,366 517 266,662 4,980 1,852,703 929 711,636 194 308,698 199 220,967 15,628 $16,788,667 Pctg. change valuntion over period +137.6 - 22.2 +161.8 +287.4 +266.6 - 29.1 +267.2 +169 .6 +219.3 +126.1 89.7 + 64.8 + 36.6 + 20.1 + + 129.6 8 MONTHLY BUSINESS REVIEW SUMMARY OF NATIONAL BUSINESS CONDITIONS (Complied by the Board of Governors of the Fedel'al Reserve System a s of August 26, 1936) Production, employment, and trade increased further in July, when allowance is made for the usual seasonal changes, and commodity prices continued to advance. Money rates remained at extremely low levels. PRODUCTION AND EMPLOYMENT Industrial production, which usually declines considerably in July, was maintained at the level of the preceding three months, and the Board's seasonally adjusted index advanced to 108 per cent of the 1923-1925 average as compared with 103 per cent in June. Output of steel continued at about the June rate, although a sharp decrease is usual, and automobile production declined by less than the usual amount. In the first three weeks of August there was little change in activity at steel mills, while at automobile fac· tories output was curtailed as preparations were made for the production of 1937 models. Output of nondurable products was larger in July than in June, reflecting chiefly a sharp rise in activity at cotton mills and greater than seasonal increases in production at shoe factories, silk mills, and flour mills. At coal mines output increased and crude petroleum continued to be produced in large volume. Factory employment increased further in July, contrary to seasonal tendency. The number of workers was larger than in June at steel mills, foundry and machine shops, and furniture factories, while at railroad repair shops there was a decline. Among the nondurable goods industries employment increased at textile mills and meat-packing plants, and declined less than seasonally at establishments producing wearing apparel. Factory payrolls decreased by a smaller amount than is usual in July. ' The value of construction contracts awarded increased considerably from June to July, according to the F. W. Dodge Corporation, with large increases reported for both publicly-financed and privately-financed work. AGRICULTURE Crop prospects declined during July as a result of continued drought. On the basis of August 1 conditions, the corn crop was estimated by the Department of Agriculture at 1,439,000,000 bushels, a reduction of 37 per cent from last season, and estimates for spring wheat, oats, hay, and potatoes were also considerably under the harvests of a year ago. The cotton crop was forecast at 12,481,000 bales as compared with 10,638,000 bales last year and an average of 14,,667,000 bales during the five years 1928-1932. DISTRIBUTION Retail trade was sustained in July at a higher level than is usual in that month. The Board's adjusted index of department store sales, which allows for a considerable sea' sonal decline, increased from 88 per cent of the 1923-1925 average in June to 91 per cent in July, and mail-order and variety store sales also showed smaller decreases lhan are usual for the season. Freight-car loadings increased in July. COMMODITY PRICES Wholesale commodity prices continued to advance be· tween the middle of July and the middle of August. Prices of wheat, flour, feed grains, and dairy products rose consider· ably, owing primarily to the drought, and livestock prices also advanced while cotton declined. There was a consider· able increase in the price of steel scrap. BANK CREDIT Excess reserves of member banks decreased from $2,920, 000,000 on July 15, to $1,810,000,000 on August 19. About $1.,4.70,000,000 of excess reserves were absorbed by the in· crease of 50 per cenl in reserve requirements of member banks, which went into effect August 15. This decrease was offset in part by a growth of $360,000,000 in total reserve balances, reflecting principally large disbursements by the Treasury from its funds held on deposit with Federal Re· serve banks. After the increase in reserve requirements there remained a large amount of excess reserves widely distributed among member banks. The money market was not affected by the action, and interest rates remained at extremely low levels. In the week ending August 19 a few scattered banks borrowed at the Reserve banks, but the total amount borrowed was negligible and some banks drew upon their balances with other banks in order to meet the increase in requirements. Deposits of domestic banks with reporting member banks in leading cities declined by $210,000,000 in the week. Between July 15 and August 19 loans and investments of reporting member banks in leading cities declined by $260,000,000, reflecting reductions of $130,000,000 in loans on securities and of $160,000,000 in holdings of United States Government direct obligations, partly offset by an increase of $60,000,000 in other loans to customers. Adjusted demand deposits, which increased to a new high level on July 22, were slightly smaller on August 19.