The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
News
Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212
Historical, technical
information:
(202) 523-9261
Current data : (202) 523-1221 or 1208
Media contact: (202) 523-1913
USDL 90-407
Wire embargo until 10:00 AM EDT
Monday, August 6, 1990
PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS
Second Quarter 1990
The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor today
reported preliminary productivity data—-as measured by output per hour of
all persons—for the second quarter of 1990. The preliminary seasonallyadjusted annual rates of productivity change in the second quarter were:
1.9 percent in the business sector,
1.6 percent in the nonfarm business sector,
3.7 percent in manufacturing,
6.7 percent in durable goods manufacturing, and
-1.1 percent in nondurable goods manufacturing.
Productivity advanced in business and nonfarm business as output rose
while hours decreased. In manufacturing, however, a more rapid productivity
increase occurred; although hours were unchanged output increased more than
in the business and nonfarm business sectors. All of the manufacturing
productivity gain took place among durable goods industries, unlike the
previous 2 quarters. Second-quarter measures are summarized in table A and
appear in detail in tables 1 through 5.
Business
Productivity increased at a 1.9 percent annual rate during the second
quarter of 1990 in the business sector, as output rose 1.5 percent and hours
of all persons engaged in the sector declined 0.4 percent (seasonally
adjusted annual rates). This was the first decline in hours since 1986. In
the second quarter of 1990, employment rose 0.3 percent and average weekly
hours declined 0.7 percent. During the first quarter of 1990, productivity
had decreased i.5 percent (table 1).
NOTE; The productivity and cost measures in this release reflect the
regular 3-year revisions to the national income and product accounts data
announced by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of
Commerce on July 27. Also, indexes are now based on 1982 as 100. See
Ravised measures section (page 4), and appendix tables 1-12 (pages 14-25).
table A. Productivity and costs: Second-quarter 1990 measures
(Seasonally adjusted annual rates)
Sector
Productivity
Output
Hours
Hourly
compensation
Real
hourly
compensation
Unit
labor
costs
Percent change from preceding quarter
1 .9
Business
Nonfarm business 1.6
Manufacturing
3 .7
6 .7
Durable
Nondurable
-1 .1
1.5
1.5
3 .7
6.3
-0 .6
-0 .4
-0 .1
0 .6
-0 .4
0.5
5.9
5 .6
6 .4
6.8
5.7
2.2
1.8
2 .6
3 .0
2.0
4.0
3.9
2.6
0.1
6.9
Percent change from same quarter a year ago
-0 .8
Business
Nonfarm business -0 .8
Manufacturing
2.5
2.9
Durable
2 .1
Nondurable
0.4
0 .4
0 .7
0.4
1 .1
1.2
1.2
-1 .8
-2 .4
-1 .0
3.4
3 .3
3.7
3 .7
3 .7
-1 .2
-1 .3
-0 .9
-0 .9
-0 .9
4.2
4.2
1.1
0,8
1.6
Hourly compensation increased at a 5.9 percent annual rate during the
second quarter of 1990, compared with a 3.8 percent gain during the previous
quarter. The second-quarter increase was the largest since 1987.
This
measure includes wages and salaries, supplements, employer contributions to
employee-benefit plans, and taxes. Unit labor costs, which reflect changes
in hourly compensation and productivity, increased at a 4.0 percent annual
rate during the second quarter, compared with a 5.3 percent increase during
the first quarter.
Real hourly compensation, which takes into account changes in the
Consumer Price index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), increased at a 2.2
percent annual rate during the second quarter. During the first quarter,
this measure had declined at a 4.0 percent annual rate. The second quarter
increase was the first gain in 7 quarters.
The implicit price deflator for business output, which reflects changes
in unit labor costs and unit nonlabor payments, increased 4.4 percent in the
second quarter, compared with a 4.6 percent rise in the first quarter.
Nonfarm bu*ln*s«
Nonfarm productivity posted its first gain in 6 quarters during the
April- June period of 1990. Productivity increased 1.6 percent as output
rose 1.5 percent and hours of all persons — employees, proprietors, and
unpaid family workers — declined 0.1 percent. During the first quarter of
1990, productivity had decreased 1.9 percent in this sector (table 2).
Hourly compensation increased 5.6 percent in the second quarter, or 1.8
percent when the increase in the CPI-U was taken into account. During the
first quarter, the comparable changes were 3.2 percent and -4.5 percent,
respectively. As in the more comprehensive business sector, the increase in
hourly compensation was the greatest since 1987 (when a 6.8 percent increase
occurred in the fourth quarter) , and the increase in real hourly
compensation was the first upward movement in 7 quarters. Unit labor costs
increased 3.9 percent during the second quarter, compared with a 5.2 percent
rise during the preceding period.
The implicit price deflator for nonfarm business output rose 4.6
percent in the second quarter, compared with a 3.8 percent increase one
quarter earlier.
Productivity increased at a 3.7 percent seasonally adjusted annual rate
in manufacturing in the second quarter of 1990, as output increased 3.7
percent and hours of all persons were unchanged. During the first quarter,
productivity had increased at a 5.1 percent rate. The productivity increase
in manufacturing resulted from opposite movements in durable and nondurable
goods industries. Productivity increased rapidly among durable goods
manufacturers, but declined in nondurables (tables 4, 5) . The increase in
durables productivity reflects the large gain in durable output during the'
second quarter. On the other hand, nondurables goods industries experienced
a decline in output coupled with a small rise in hours.
Hourly compensation of all manufacturing workers increased 6.4 percent
during the second quarter, compared with a 2.5 percent increase during the
first quarter. This was the largest quarterly increase since the first
quarter of 1988 (when it rose 6.7 percent). Real hourly compensation rose
2.6 percent in the second quarter when the increase in consumer prices was
taken into account. During the first quarter, this measure fell at a 5.2
percent annual rate. Manufacturing real hourly compensation has declined in
10 of the past 14 quarters. Unit labor costs increased at a 2.6 percent
annual rate in the second quarter, compared with a 2.5 percent decrease
during the first quarter of 1990.
Table B. Nonfinancial corporations:
productivity and related measures
(Percent change)
Measure
Productivity Output
Previous
Current
-2.1
-2.2
0.3
0.2
Hours
2.4
2.5
Previous and current first quarter
Hourly
compensation
3.8
2.1
Real
hourly
compensation
-4.0
-5.5
Unit
labor
costs
Unit
profits
Implicit
price
deflator
6.0
4.4
-1.5
1.2
4.5
3.9
Revised measures
- The productivity and cost measures in this press release are based on
the latest measures of output and compensation available. While the
productivity increase in nonfarm business was revised upward for 1988 (from
2.0 percent to 2.2 percent), downward revisions occurred in 1989. The
revised measures show productivity declining in each quarter last year;
previously, only the first quarter showed a decrease. For the year as a
whole, nonfarm productivity declined 0.3 percent. Previously a 0.9 percent
increase was reported. See appendix tables 1-6 for quarterly measures.
Revised quarterly and annual output and compensation measures prepared
by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) of the U.S. Department of Commerce
were published on July 27 as part of the regular revision -cycle of the
national income and product accounts and affect the last 3 years. (For
manufacturing, revised output measures will be announced by BEA later this•
year. Until then, post-1987 manufacturing output will continue to be based
oh the Federal Reserve Board's Index of Industrial Production.) Annual
indexes calculated with 1982 as 100 appear in appendix tables 7-12.
Table B compares previous and current productivity and cost measures in
nonfinancial corporations for the first quarter of 1990. These measures,
which were released previously on June 4, show a somewhat greater decline in
productivity than when preliminary figures were released.
In addition, all of the productivity and cost measures in this release
incorporate recent information on seasonal trends in employment and average
weekly hours. This new information affected measures begining with 1985.
Printed historical tables containing new quarterly values are available on
request from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Productivity and
Technology, Washington, D.C. 20212; or telephone (202) 523-9261.
Complete historical series of productivity and cost measures also are
available on the BLS Major Sector Labor and Multifactor Productivity
diskette, formatted for use on IBM-compatible microcomputers using LOTUS 12-3 for $38, prepaid. To order, send a check or money order payable to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics to: BLS Data Diskettes, 441 G Street NW, Room
2831 A, Washington, D.C. 20212 or call (202) 523-7827. Please specify
"Major Sector Labor and Multifactor Productivity Diskette". NOTE: The
mult if act or productivity measures for 1948 through 198*7 on this diskette
will be revised later to incorporate the new information now being
introduced in the labor productivity measures.
Noxt release date
The next release of productivity and cost measures is scheduled for
10:00 AM EOT, Tuesday, September 4, 1990. Second-quarter measures for
nonfinancial corporations will be released at that time.
TECHNICAL NOTES
Labor Input: The primary source of hours and employment data is the BLS Cutrent Employment Statistics (CES) program, which provides monthly survey data
on total employment and average weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory
workers innonagricultural establishments.
Jobs rather than persons are
counted. Weekly hours are adjusted to the hours at work definition using the
BLS Hours at Work survey, conducted for this purpose.
, Data from the BLS Current Population Survey (CPS) are used for farm labor; in the nonfarm sector, the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA)
prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce
and the CPS are used to measure labor-input for government enterprises, proprietors, unpaid family workers, and paid employees of private households.
Output: Business sector output is equal to gross national product (GNP) in
constant 1982 dollars, less the rest-of-the-world sector, general government,
output of nonprofit institutions, output of paid employees of private households, rental value of owner-occupied dwellings, and the statistical discrepancy in computing the NIPA. Corresponding exclusions are also made in labor
inputs. Business output, was about 81 percent of GNP in 1988. Nonfarm business, which a1so excludes. farming, was about 7 9 pe rcent of GNP in 1988.
. _:... .^.- Total manufacturing measures are computed by summing series prepared for
the durable and nondurable goods sector
Durables include the following 2-_
digit SICindustries: j Primarymetais; fabricated metal products; nonelectrical machinery; electrical ma
transportation equipment; instruments; lumber and lumber products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay,
and glass products; and miscellaneous manufactures.
Nondurabies include:
Textile mill products, apparel products, leather and leather products, printing and publishing, chemicals and chemical products, petroleum products, rubber and plastic products, food, and tobacco products. Manufacturing accounted
for about 22 percent of GNP in 1988.
Nonfiriancial corporate output is equal to GNP in constant 1982 dollars,
less the rest-of-the-world sector, general government, output of nonprofit institutions, output of paid employees of private households, rental value of
owner-occupied dwellings, unincorporated business, the output of corporations
engaged in banking, finance, stock and commodity trading, and credit and insurance agencies, and the statistical discrepancy in computing the NIPA. Nonfinancial corporations accounted for about 60 percent of GNP in 1988.
PRODUCTIVITY: These productivity measures describe the relationship between
real output and the labor time involved in its production.
They show the
changes from period to period in the amount of goods and services produced per
hour. Although these measures relate output to hours at work of all persons
engaged in a sector, they do not measure the specific'contribution of labor,
capital, or any other factor of production.
Rather, they reflect the joint
effects of many influences, including changes in technology; capital investment; level of output; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; the organization of production; managerial skill; and the characteristics and effort
of the work force.
Table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor cost, and prices, seasonally
adjusted
Year
and
quarter
Output per
hour of
all persons
Output
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour (1)
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
Unit
labor
cost
Unit nonlabor payments (3)
Implicit
price
deflator (4)
Indexes 1982=100
1989
1990
I
II
III
IV
rl!3.3
rl!3.3
rl!2.8
rl!2.3
r!35.6
r!35.9
r!36.1
r!35.5
rl!9.7
r!20.0
r!20.6
r!20.7
r!32.2
r!33.0
r!33.4
r!34.3
r!04.6
r!03.7
r!03.3
r!03.0
rl!6.7
rl!7.4
rl!8.2
rl!9.6
r!30.8
r!33.2
r!33.8
r!34.4
r!21.2
r!22.5
r!23.3
r!24.3
ANNUAL
rl!2.8
r!35.8
r!20.4
r!33.1
r!03.5
rllS.O
r!33.1
r!22.8
rill. 9
112.4
r!36.0
136.4
r!21.5
121.4
r!35.5
137.5
rl01.9
102.5
r!21.1
122.3
r!35.5
137.2
r!25.8
127.1
I
II
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)
I
II
III
IV
rO.5
rO.O
r-1.5
r-2.0
r3.5
rO.9
rO.6
r-1.8
r3.0
rO.9
r2.1
rO.l
r2.0
r2.4
rl.3
r2.6
r-3.3
r-3.4
r-1.5
r-1.4
rl.5
r2.5
r2.8
r4.6
r6.3
r7.7
rl.8
rl.6
r3.1
r4.3
r2.5
r3.5
ANNUAL
r-0.2
r2.1
2.3
r3.0
r-1.7
r3.2
r5.2
3.9
1990
I
II
r-1.5
1.9
rl.4
1.5
r2.9
-0.4
r3.8
5.9
r-4.0
2.2
r5.3
4.0
r3.3
5.2
r4.6
4.4
1989
I
II
III
IV
rO.l
rO.4
r-0.6
r-0.7
r3.4
r2.5
rl.7
rO.8
3.3
r2.0
r2.3
rl.5
r4.1
r3.4
r2.4
r2.1
r-0.6
r-1.7
r-2.2
r-2.4
r4.0
r3.0
r2.9
r2.8
r5.1
r6.6
r5.1
r4.3
r4-4
4 ,,2
3.7
r3.4
ANNUAL
r-0.2
r2.1
2.3
r3.0
r-1.7
r3.2
r5.2
3.9
I
II
r-1.2
-0.8
rO.3
0.4
1.5
1.2
r2.5
3.4
r-2.6
-1.2
r3.8
4.2
r3.6
3.0
r3.7
3.8
1989
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
1990
See footnotes, following table 6.
r«revised
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor
seasonally adjusted!
Real
CompensaUnit
Hours
compensaOutput
Output per
Year
labor
tion per
tion per
of all
hour of
and
hour (?)
persons
cost
hour (1)
all persons
quarter
cost, and prices,
Unit non- Implicit
labor pay- price
ments (3)
deflatorM)
Indexes 1982-100
1989
1990
rl21v4
r 12 1.9
rl22.4
r!31.4
r!31.9
r!32.5
r!33.4
r!04.0
r!36.7
rl22 ,2
rl36.8
137.3
r!23.5
123.4
r!36.4
IV
rl!2.4
rll2.2
rll2.0
rill.A
ANNUAL
rill.9
I
II
rllO.8
111.3
I
II
III
r!36.8
rl37.1
r!36.3
102.6
r!02.3
rl!6.9
T117.5
rl!8.3
rl!9.8
r!30.9
r!33.9
r!34.7
r!35.3
r!21.4
r!22.7
r!23.5
r!24.7
r!32.1
rl02.8
r118.1
r!33.7
r123.0
r!34.4
136.3
rlOl.l
101.6
r!21.3
122.5
r!35.7
137.6
r!25.8
127.2
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (-6)
1989
I
II
III
IV
r-1.7
r-0.5
r-0.8
r-2-2
rl.2
rl.3
rO.6
r-2.1
ANNUAL
r-0.3
r2.0
r2.0
rl.5
rl.8
r2.7
r-3.3
r-4.2
r-1.0
r-1.3
r3.8
r2.0
r2.7
r-5.1
rl.O
r9.3
r2.6
2.8
4.4
r2.6
ri.9
.•WM^
r3.0
r-1.8
r3.3
r5.0
r3.9
i3.4
-0.1
r3.2
5.6
r-4.5
1.8
r5.2
3.9
rl.2
5.9
r3.8
4.6
r3.0 .
1.7
roll
•.''': ;'::.; '•'•::•<•••..•";•' .:.'''
1990
I
II
r-1.9
1.6
rl.4
1.5
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
1989
I
II
III
r-0.6
IV
ANNUAL
1990
I
II
r-0.6
r-1.8
r-2.2
r-2.4
r3.9
r3.0
r3.0
r3.4
r4.4
r6.4
r5.8
r3.6
r4.1
r2.3
1.6
r4.1
r3.2
r2.4
r2.0
r2.0
2.4
r3.0
r-1.8
r3.3
r5,0
r3.9
rO.3
0.4
1.7
1.2
r2.3
3.3
r-2.8
-1.3
r3.7
4.2
r3.6
2.8
r3.7
3.7
r3.6
r2.6
r3.4
r2.3
r-1.3
rl.7
rO.3
r-0.3
rO.2
rO.3
r-1.4
—0.8
See footnotes following table 6.
r-r*vised
4.1
r3.9
r3.4
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor cost.
seasonally adjusted
Year and
quarter
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
(6)
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
Unit
labor
cost
Indexes 3982=100
IV
r 130.0
r!30.9
rl30.5
r!31.3
r!43.7
r!44.5
r!44.0
r!43.5
rllO.5
rllO.4
rllO.4
r!09.3
r!26.5
r!26.6
r!27.6
r!28.4
rlOO.l
r98.7
r98.8
r98.5
r97.3
r96.7
r97.8
r97.8
ANNUAL
r!30.1
r!44.0
rllO.6
r!26.7
r98.6
r97.4
I
II
r!33.0
134.2
r!44.2
145.5
r!08.4
108.4
r!29.2
131.2
r97.2
97.8
r97.1
97.7
I
II
III
1989
1990
Percent change from previous qirarter at annual rate (5)
I
II
III
IV
2.6
3.1
2.4
r-1.4
r2.8
ANNUAL
I
II
1989
1990
r2.6
-1.4
-1.3
rO.5
-0.2
r-0.1
r-4.0
r2.6
rO.l
r3,2
r2.7
r-2.7
r-5.6
rO.3
r-1.3
rO.O
r-2.5
r4.6
r-0.1
2.0
2.9
0.9
r2.7
r-2.0
rO.7
rS.l
rl.8
r-3.1
r2.5
r-5.2
r-2.5
3.7
3.7
0.0
6.4
2.6
2.6
r-1.3
r-2.2
r-1.9
r-2.4
rO.8
rO.2
rl.3
rO.5
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
I
II
III
IV
1989
1.6
4.9
4.1
2.1
0.7
rO.8
r-1.0
r3.4
r2.9
r2.6
r2.1
ANNUAL
2.0
2.9
0.9
r2.7
r-2.0
rO.7
I
II
r2.3
rO.4
r-3.0
-0.9
r-0.2
0.7
-1.9
-1.8
r2.1
2.5
1990
2.6
2.6
rl.3
See footnotes following table 6*
r-revised
2.3
1.4
3.7
1.1
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
10
Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor cost,
seasonally adjusted
Year and
quarter
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
(6)
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
Unit
labor
cost
Indexes 1982=100
1989
I
II
III
IV
r!42.9
r!44.8
r!44.7
r!44.8
r!59.7
r!60.8
r!60.2
r!58.5
rill. 8
rlll.O
rllO.7
r!09.4
r!25.6
r!25.5
r!26.8
r!27.5
r99.4
r97.9
r98.2
r97.8
r87.9
r86.7
r87.6
r&8.0
ANNUAL
r!43.3
r!59.8
rill. 5
r!25.4
r97,6
r87.5
I
II
r!46.€
149.0
r!59,l
161.6
rl08.5
108.4
r!28.0
130.2
r96.3
97.0
r87.3
87.4
1990
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)
1989
I
II
III
IV
r2.0
r5.5
-0.4
0.5
2.2
2.8
-1.7
-4.1
rO.2
r-2.6
r-1.2
-4.6
r3.6
r-0.1
r4.0
r2.3
r-1.7
r-5.8
rl.2
r-1.7
rl.6
r»5.3
r4.5
rl.8
ANNUAL
r2.5
3.1
0.6
r2.9
r-1.8
rO.4
I
II
r5.0
6.7
rl.6
6.3
-3.2
-0.4
rl.7
6.8
r-5.9
3.0
r»3.1
0.1
1990
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
1989
I
II
III
IV
2.6
r3.3
2.3
rl.9
5.9
4.5
2.3
-0.2
3.2
1.2
0.0
r-2.1
r3.0
r3.1
r3.3
r2.5
r-1.7
r-1.9
r-1.3
r-2.0
rO.4
r-0.1
rl.O
rO.6
ANNUAL
r2.5
3.1
0.6
r2.9
r-1.8
rO.4
I
II
r2.6
2.9
r-0.4
0.4
-2.9
-2.4
r2.0
3.7
r-3.1
-0.9
r-0.6
0.8
1990
See footnotes following table 6.
r*=re vised
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
11
Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor Cost,
seasonally adjusted
Year and
quarter
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
(6)
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
Unit
labor
cost
Indexes 1982^100
1989
1990
rl!2.6
rl!2.2
rill. 4
rll3.3
r!22.3
r!22.8
r!22.5
r!23.7
rl08.6
r!09.5
rllO.O
r!09.1
r!27.9
r!28.2
r!28.8
r!29.9
rl01.2
rlOO.O
r99.7
r99.6
rl!3.6
rl!4.3
r!15.6
rl!4.6
ANNUAL
rl!2.3
r!22.8
r!09.3
r!28.6
rlOO.l
rl!4.5
I
II
rl!4.9
114.5
r!24.3
124.2
rl08.3
108.4
r!31.1
133.0
r98.6
99.1
rl!4.2
116.1
I
II
III
IV
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)
1989
1990
4.7
1.8
3.7
rO.9
r3.4
rl.7
r-3.2
rO.9
rO.8
r2.0
r3.4
r-4.3
r-4.9
r-0.8
r-0.6
r-2.7
r2.4
r4.7
r-3.4
rl.3
2.7
1.4
r2.4
r-2.3
rl.l
5.5
r2.3
-0.6
r-3.0
r3.9
r-3.9
r-1.5
0.5
5.7
2.0
6.9
r-0.8
r-2.6
r-2.8
r-2.7
rl.5
rO.8
r2.0
rO.2
I
II
III
IV
r3.7
-1.5
r-2.€
r7.1
-1.0
ANNUAL
I
II
-1.1
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
1989
1990
I
II
III
IV
r2.4
1.0
r-0.3
rl.6
3.4
3.4
1.8
2.3
rl.7
r2.0
0.7
r3.9
r2.4
rl.7
rl.8
ANNUAL
rl.3
2.7
1.4
r2.4
r-2.3
rl.l
I
II
r2.0
1.7
1.1
-0.3
-1.0
r2.5
r-2.6
-0.9
rO.5
1.6
2.1
See footnotes following table 6.
r-revised
3.7
1.6
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
12
Table 6. Nonfinancial corporations: Productivity,hourly compensation, unit labor cost, unit profits,
and prices, seasonally adjusted
Year
and
quarter
Output
per allemployee
hour
Output
Real
Employee Hourly
hours compensa- hourly
compention
sation(2)
(1)
Unit
labor
cost
Unit
nonlabor
cost (7)
Total
unit
cost
(8)
Unit Implicit
proprice
fits deflator
(9)
(4)
Indexes 1982-100
1989
I
II
III
IV
ANNUAL
1990
I
rl!2.5
rll2.1
rl!2.3
rlll.l
r!36.2
r!36.4
r!37.1
r!35.9
r!21.1
r!21.7
r!22.1
r!22.3
r!28.9
r!29.4
r!30.0
r!30.7
r!02.0
rlOO.9
rlOO.7
rlOO.2
rl!4.6
rll5.4
rll5.7
rl!7.6
rlOS.O
rllO.6
rl!3.3
rll5.2
rl!2.7
rl!4.1
rllS.O
rl!7.0
r!62.3
r!62.9
r!59.3
r!47.2
rll5.9
rl!7.1
rl!7.8
r!18.9
rill. 9
r!36.4
r!21.9
r!29.6
rlOO.9
rll5.8
rill. 8
rl!4.7
r!57.9
rl!7.4
rllO.5
r!36.0
r!23.0
r!31.4
r98.8
rll8.9
rl!6.2
rll8.1
r!47.6
r!20.0
Percent change frbm previous quarter at annual rate .(5)
1989
1990
I
II
III
IV
r-2.5
r-1.4
rO.8
r-4.2
r-0.1
rO .6
r2.1
r-3.6
r2.4
r2.0
rl.3
rO.7
r3.3
rl.4
rl.8
r2.4
r-2.0
r-4.3
r-1.0
r-1.6
r5.9
r2.8
rl.O
r6.9
r9.5
r9.9
rlO.2
r6.9
r6.8
r4.7
r3.5
r6.9
r-32.5
rl.5
r-8.5
r-27.1
r2.4
r4.4
r2.4
r3.6
ANNUAL
r-1.3
rl.l
2.5
r3.0
r-1.7
r4.4
r7.7
5.3
r-10.4
r3.7
I
r-2.2
rO.2
r2.5
r2.1
r-5.5
r4.4
r3.3
r4.1
rl.2
r3.9
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
1989
1990
I
II
III
IV
r-1.1
r-1.4
r-1.0
r-1.8
r2.3
rl.4
rl.3
r-0.3
3.4
2.8
2.3
1.6
r4.1
r3.3
r2.5
r2.2
r-0.6
r-1.8
r-2.1
r-2.2
r5.3
r4.7
r3.5
r4.1
r5.3
r7.4
r8.7
r9.2
r5.3
5.4
r4.9
5.5
r-8.1
r-8.5
r-7.0
r-17.8
4.0
4.0
r3.8
3.2
ANNUAL
r-1.3
rl.l
2.5
r3.0
r-1.7
r4.4
r7.7
5.3
r-10.4
r3.7
I
r-1.8
r-0.2
1.6
rl.9
r-3.1
r3.8
r7.6
r4.8
r-9.0
r3.6
See footnotes following table 6.
r«revised
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
13
SOURCE: Output data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of
Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Compensation and hours data from the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, and the Bureau of
Economic Analysis.
RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more
complete information becomes available. The measures are first published 30
days after the close of the reference period; revisions appear 30 days later,
and third revisions after an additional 60 days. In the business sector, the
probability is 0.95 that the third publication (third revision) of a quarterly
index of output per hour of all persons will differ from the initial value by
between -1.8 and +2.1 index points. This interval is based on the performance
of this measure between the second quarter of 1976 and the third quarter of
1988.
Footnotes, Tables 1-6
(1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers1 contributions for social
insurance and private benefit plans. Except for nonfinancial
corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include an
estimate of wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the selfemployed.
(2) Compensation per hour adjusted for changes in the Consumer Price Index
for All Urban Consumers.
(3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, capital consumption allowances,
interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes.
(4) Current dollar gross product divided by constant dollar gross product.
(5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate from the
original data rather than index numbers. Annual changes: Percent
change between annual average levels.
(6) Quarterly manufacturing output measures are based on the index of
industrial production prepared monthly by the Board of Governors of the
Federal Reserve adjusted by BLS to annual manufacturing output levels
(gross product originating) from the National Income and Product
Accounts prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S.
Department of Commerce.
(7) Unit nonlabor cost includes capital consumption allowances, interest,
rental income of persons, and indirect taxes. For nonfinancial
corporations, rental income of persons is zero by definition.
(8) Total unit cost is the sum of labor and nonlabor costs.
(9) Unit profits include corporate profits with inventory valuation and
capital consumption adjustments.
14
Appendix table 1.
Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor cost, and prices, seasonally adjusted
Year and
quarter
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
Unit
labor
cost
Unit nonlabor payment 8(3)
Implicit
price
deflator (4)
Indexes 1982-100
1987
I
II
III
IV
ANNUAL
1988
109.6
110.5
11.1.3
112.0
123.5
125.4
127.2
129.4
112.7
113.5
114.3
115.5
121.7
122.2
123.5
125.6
104.9
104.2
104.2
105.0
111.0
110.6
111.0
112.1
119.4
122.6
124.5
123.2
113.7
114.5
115.3
115.7
110.7
126.4
114.1
123.1
104.6
111.2
122.5
114.8
126.9
128.6
130.3
131.5
105.3
105.5
105.6
105.5
112.2
114.0
114.8
116.3
124.5
125.0
127.4
128.8
116.2
117.5
118.9
120.3
129.1
105.3
114.3
126.5
118.2
I
II
III
IV
113.1
112.8
113.5
113.1
131.2
132.6
133.8
134.5
115.9
117.6
117.9
118.8
ANNUAL
113.0
133.0
117.7
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)
1987
1988
I
II
III
IV
0.5
3.1
2.9
2.7
4.3
6.1
5.8
7.2
3.9
2.9
2.6
4.4
2.6
1.8
4.2
7.0
-2.8
-2.7
0.2
3.1
2.1
-1.3
1.2
4.2
5.3
11.2
6.2
-4.2
3.2
2.8
2.9
1.2
ANNUAL
1.2
4.1
2.9
3.8
0.1
2.6
3.0
2.7
I
II
III
IV
4.1
-1.2
2.5
-1.2
5.7
4.6
3.5
2.0
1.5
5.9
1.0
3.3
4,4
5.2
5.6
3.8
1.0
0.7
0.6
-0.5
0.3
6.5
3.1
5.1
4.3
1.7
7.8
4.6
1.7
4.8
4.7
4.9
ANNUAL
2.0
5.3
3.2
4.9
0.7
2.8
3.3
3.0
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
1987
1988
-0.3
0.7
1.8
2.3
1.8
3.8
5.1
5.8
2.2
3.1
3.2
3.5
4.2
3.5
3.4
3.9
1.9
-0.3
-0.8
-0.6
4.5
2.8
1.6
1.5
0.0
3.2
4.1
4.5
2.9
2.9
2.5
2.5
ANNUAL
1.2
4-1
2.9
3.8
0.1
2.6
3.0
2.7
I
II
III
IV
3.2
2.1
2.0
1.0
6.2
5.8
5.2
3.9
2.9
3.6
3.2
2.9
4.3
5.2
5.5
4.7
0.4
1.2
1.3
0.4
1.1
3.0
3.5
3.7
4.2
1.9
2.3
4.6
2.2
2.6
3.1
4.0
ANNUAL
2.0
5.3
3.2
4.9
0.7
2.8
3.3
3.0
I
II
III
IV
See footnotes following table 6.
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
15
Appendix table 2.
Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor cost, and prices, seasonally adjusted
Year and
quarter
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
Hours
of all
persons
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
Unit
labor
cost
121.0
121.6
122.9
124.9
104. 3
103. 6
103, 7
104. 4
111.5
110.9
111.3
112.6
120.7
123.7
125.5
124.1
114.4
114.9
115.8
116.2
Compensation per
hourU)
Unit nonlabor payments (3)
Implicit
price
deflator{4)
Indexes 1982-100
1987
1988
108 .6
109 .6
110 .3
110 .9
123.8
125.9
127.6
129.7
114.0
114.8
115.6
116.9
ANNUAL
109 .8
126.8
115.4
122.5
104. 1
111.6
123.6
115.3
I
II
III
IV
112 .1
111 .9
112 .7
112 .8
131.6
133.4
134.8
136.0
117.4
119.2
119.6
120.5
126.2
127.7
129.4
130.8
104. 7
104. 8
104. 9
104. 9
112.6
114.1
114.8
115.9
125.4
125.8
127.4
130.6
116.6
117,8
118.8
120.5
ANNUAL
112 .3
134.0
119.3
128.3
104. 7
114.3
127.4
118.4
I
II
III
IV
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)
1987
1988
I
II
III
IV
0.3
3.9
2.5
2 .2
4.7
6.7
5.6
6.9
4.4
2.8
3.0
4.5
2.0
1.8
4.2
6.8
-3.3
-2.7
0.2
2. 9
1.8
-2.0
1.6
4.4
6.8
10.1
6.1
-4.4
3.4
1.9
3.1
1.4
ANNUAL
1.1
4.2
3.1
3.6
0.0
2.5
2.9
2.7
I
II
III
IV
4.2
-0 .6
2 .8
0.5
5.9
5.6
4.1
3.6
1.7
6.2
1.3
3.1
4.3
5.0
5.3
4.2
0.e
0.6
0.4
-0.1
0.1
5.6
2.5
3.6
4.2
1.1
5.2
10.6
1.4
4.1
3.4
5.9
ANNUAL
2.2
5.7
3.4
4.8
0.6
2.5
3.1
2.7
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
1967
1988
I
II
III
IV
-0 .6
0.7
1,7
2.2
1.6
3.9
5.2
6.0
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.7
3.9
3.4
3.3
3.7
1. 7
-0.5
-0.9
-0.7
4.6
2.7
1.5
1.4
0.0
3.1
4.1
4.5
3.0
2.9
2.4
2.5
ANNUAL
1 .1
4.2
3.1
3.6
0.0
2.5
2.9
2.7
I
II
III
IV
3.2
2.1
2.1
1.7
6.3
6.0
5.6
4.6
3.0
3.8
3.4
3.1
4.3
5.1
5.3
4.7
0.3
1.1
1.2
0.4
1.0
2.9
3.1
2.9
3.9
1.7
1.5
5.2
2.0
2.5
2.6
3.7
ANNUAL
2 .2
5.7
3.4
4.8
0.6
2.5
3.1
2.7
See footnotes following table 6.
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Laoor Statistics
16
Appendix table 3.
Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor cost,
seasonally adjusted
Year and
quarter
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
(6)
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
hour(2)
Unit
labor
cost
Indexes 1982-100
1987
1968
129.2
131.2
133.2
135.5
104.8
104.7
105.6
107.4
119.1
119.0
119.5
120.4
102.7
101.4
100.9
100.7
96.7
94.9
94.9
95.5
I
II
III
IV
123.3
125,4
125.9
126.1
ANNUAL
124.7
132.3
106.1
119.0
101.1
95.5
I
II
III
IV
126.7
127.5
128.8
129.2
136.9
138.9
141.1
142.6
108.0
108.9
109.5
110.3
122.4
123.1
124.3
125.7
101.5
100.9
100.7
100.8
96.6
96.5
96.5
97.3
ANNUAL
127.6
139.9
109.6
123.4
100.6
96.7
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)
1987
1986
I
II
III
IV
3.3
7.1
1.7
0.5
3.2
6.6
6.2
6.9
-0.1
-0.5
4.4
6.4
2.5
-0.4
1.8
2.9
-2.9
-4.8
-2.0
-0.8
-0.8
-7.0
0.1
2.4
ANNUAL
3.7
4.3
0.6
2.5
-1.1
-1.2
I
II
III
IV
2.1
2.5
4.1
1.3
4.4
6.0
6.4
4.4
2.2
3.4
2.2
3.1
6.7
2.2
4.1
4.8
3.2
-2.1
-0.9
0.4
4.5
-0.3
0.0
3.5
2.3
5.7
3.3
3.6
-0.5
1.3
ANNUAL
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
1967
1988
I
II
III
IV
3.0
4.5
4.1
3.1
2.2
4.1
5.2
5.7
-0.8
-0.4
1.1
2.5
3.4
2.7
2.1
1.7
1.2
-1.1
-2.1
-2.7
0.4
-1.7
-1.9
-1.4
ANNUAL
3.7
4.3
0.6
2.5
-1.1
-1.2
I
II
III
IV
2.8
1.7
2.3
2.5
6.0
5.8
5.9
5.3
3.1
4.1
3.5
2.7
2.7
3.4
4.0
4.4
-1.2
-0.5
-0.2
0.1
-0.1
1.7
1.6
1.9
ANNUAL
2.3
5.7
3.3
3.6
-0.5
1.3
See footnotes following table 6.
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
17
Appendix table 4.
Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor cost,
seasonally adjusted
Year and
quarter
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
(6)
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
Unit
labor
cost
Indexes 1982-100
1987
1988
102.9
101.3
100.6
100.2
105. 0
104. 5
105. 6
107. 7
119 .4
118 .9
119 .2
119 .8
144.9
106. 4
118 .5
100.7
87.0
150.8
154.0
156.6
158.9
108. 3
109. 8
110. 7
111. 7
121 .9
121 .7
122 .8
124 .4
101.1
99.8
99.5
99.8
87.5
86.6
86.8
87.5
155.1
110. 9
121 .9
99.4
87.1
134. 9
137. 5
137. 6
138. 3
141.5
143.6
145.3
149.0
ANNUAL
136.2
I
II
III
IV
139. 3
140. 3
141. 4
142. 2
ANNUAL
139. 9
I
II
III
IV
88.5
86.5
86.7
86.6
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)
1987
1988
I
II
III
IV
4.2
8.0
0.3
2.1
3.0
6.0
4.8
10.5
-1.2
-1.9
4.5
6.2
3.1
-1 .8
1.3
1.9
-2.3
-6.1
-2.6
-1.8
-1.1
-9.1
1.0
-0.2
ANNUAL
4.4
4.0
-0.4
2 .4
-1.2
-1.9
I
II
III
IV
2.8
2.9
3.3
2.2
5.1
8.5
6.9
6.0
2.3
5. 5
3.5
3.7
7.2
-0 .7
3 .5
5 .6
3.7
-4.9
-1.4
1.2
4.3
-3.5
0.1
3.3
2.7
7.0
4.2
2 .8
-1.2
0.1.
ANNUAL
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
1987
1988
I
II
III
IV
3. 9
5.6
4.4
3.6
1.7
3.8
4.4
6.0
-2.1
-1.6
0.1
2.3
3 .7
2 .8
2 .1
1 .1
1.4
-1.0
-2.1
-3.2
-0.2
-2.6
-2.2
-2.4
ANNUAL
4.4
4.0
-0.4
2.4
-1.2
-1.9
I
II
III
IV
3.3
2.0
2.8
2.8
6.6
7.2
7.7
6.6
3.2
5. 1
4. 8
3,7
2.1
2.4
2.9
3.9
-1.8
-1.4
-1.1
-0.4
-1.1
0.4
0.2
1.0
ANNUAL
2.7
7.0
4.2
2.8
-1.2
0.1
See footnotes following table 6.
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
18
Appendix table 5,
Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor cost,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output
Hours
CompensacompensaUnit
Output per
Year and
of all
tion per
tion per
labor
hour
(6)
quarter
hour(l)
hour (2)
persons
cost
of all persons
Indexes 1982-100
1987
1988
I
II
III
IV
107.8
109.3
110.4
109.7
112.7
114.7
117.1
117.5
104.5
105.0
106.0
107.1
118.6
119.3
120.1
121.4
102.2
101.7
101.4
101.5
110.1
109.1
108.8
110.6
ANNUAL
109.3
115.5
105.7
119.9
101.8
109.7
in
I
II
IV
110.0
110.4
111.7
111.6
118.3
118 .8
120.4
120.9
107.6
107.7
107.8
108.4
123.1
125.1
126.6
127.6
102.1
102.7
102.6
102.3
111.9
113.4
113.3
114.4
ANNUAL
110.9
119.6
107.8
125.6
102.5
113.2
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)
1987
1988
I
II
III
IV
2.0
5.9
4.2
-2.6
3.6
7.6
8.5
1.2
1.6
1.6
4.2
3.9
1.7
2.3
2.7
4.2
-3.7
-2.2
-1.2
0.4
ANNUAL
2.8
4.9
2.0
2.9
-0.8
0.0
5.8
6.8
4.8
3.2
2.3
2.3
-0.2
-1.1
4.7
5.4
-0.3
3.7
4.8
0.6
3.3
I
II
III
IV
1.1
1.3
5.0
-0.5
3.1
1.7
5.4
1.7
2.0
0.4
0.4
2.2
ANNUAL
1.5
3-«
7.1
-0.3
-3.4
-1.4
7.0
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previiaus year
1987
1988
I
II
III
IV
1.9
3.1
3.9
2.3
3.2
4.7
6.5
5.2
1.2
1.5
2.5
2.8
3.5
2.9
2.3
2.7
1.2
-1.0
-1.8
-1.7
1.5
-0.2
-1.5
0.4
ANNUAL
2.8
4.9
2.0
2.9
-0.8
0.0
I
II
III
IV
2.1
1.0
1.2
1.7
5.0
3.6
2.6
2.9
2.9
2.6
1.6
1.2
3.8
4.9
5.4
5.1
-0.2
1.0
1.2
0.8
1.6
3.9
4.2
3.4
ANNUAL
1.5
3.6
2.1
4.8
0.6
3.3
See footnotes following table 6.
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
19
Appendix table 6.
Nonfinancial corporations: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor cost, unit profits, and prices,
seasonally adjusted
Year
and
quarter
Output
per allemployee
hour
Output
IEmployee Hourly
hours
compensation
(1)
Real
hourly
compensation (2)
Unit
labor
cost
Unit
nonlabor
cost (7)
Total
unit
cost
Unit
profits
Implicit
price
deflator
(8)
(9)
(4}
157.5
171.4
181.0
174.0
Indexes 1992=100
1987
I
II
III
IV
111.0
112.0
112.8
112.9
125.4
127.6
129.7
131.3
113.0
113.9
115.0
116.3
119.2
119.7
121.0
122.6
102.7
102.0
102.1
102.5
107.4
106.9
107.3
108.6
103.2
102.8
102.4
102.2
106.2
105.8
105.9
106.8
109.4
109.9
110.6
111.0
112.1
128.5
114.6
120.5
102.4
107.5
102.7
106.2
I
II
III
IV
113.8
113.7
113.5
113.2
133.2
134.6
135.4
136.3
117.1
118.4
119.3
120.4
123.8
125.3
126.8
127.9
102.7
102.8
102.8
102.6
108.8
110.2
111.8
113.0
102.6
102.9
104.2
105.6
107.1
108.2
109.7
110.9
176.6
178.1
171.4
179.1
111.4
112.6
113.5
115.2
ANNUAL
113.4
134.9
119.0
125.8
102.6
111.0
103.8
109.0
176.3
113.2
ANNUAL
1988
171.1
110.2
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)
-0.6
1.7
2.8
1.4
0.3
6.9
7.0
7.0
4.8
4.5
3.2
4.0
4.4
1.4
1.8
4.3
5.4
-3
-2
0.3
1.6
-0.9
-1.7
1.5
5.0
-3.7
-1.3
-1.5
-0.9
-1.6
-1.6
0.6
3.4
11.1
40.3
24.4
-14.5
ANNUAL
2.5
5.3
2.8
3.3
-0.3
0.8
-0.3
0.5
9.1
1.2
I
II
III
IV
3.1
-0.4
-0.7
-0.9
6.0
4.3
2.4
2.6
2.8
4.7
3.2
3.5
3.9
4.9
5.0
3.4
0.5
0.5
0.0
-0.9
0.8
5.3
5.7
4.4
1.4
1.4
5.2
5.2
0.9
4.3
5.6
4.6
6.0
3.4
-14.2
19.2
1.4
4.2
3.5
5.9
ANNUAL
1.1
5.0
3.8
4.3
0.2
3.2
1.1
2.6-
3.0
2.7
1.4
1.4
0.8
1.3
1987
I
II
III
IV
1988
2.3
3.6
2.8
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
II
III
IV
1.6
2.6
3.3
2.3
3.0
5.2
6.8
6.4
1.3
2.5
3.4
4.1
ANNUAL
2.5
5.3
2.8
I
II
III
IV
2.5
1.5
0.6
0.3
6.2
5.5
4.4
3.8
3.6
4.0
3.8
3.5
ANNUAL
1.1
5.0
3.8
4.3
19877
I
19888
See footnotes following table 6.
1.9
0.4
1.7
1.0
1.9
0.6
-2.5
-0.8
-1.1
-1.2
-C.2
-0.7
0.9
-2.0
-1.9
16.2
13.5
3.3
-0.3
0.8
-0.3
0.5
9.1
1.2
3.9
4.6
4.8
4.3
-0.1
-0.6
0.1
1.7
3.3
0.8
2.3
3.5
3.8
12.1
0.7
0.6
0.0
1.3
3.1
4.2
4.0
2.9
1.8
2.5
2.6
3.7
0.2
3.2
1.1
2.6
3.0
2.7
3.5
3.1
3.1
3.2
1.3
0.2
9.4
3.9
-5.3
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
20
Appendix table 7. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor cost, and prices
Indexes 1962*100
Year
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
Unit
labor
cost
Unit nonlabor payments (3)
Implicit
price
deflator (4)
1947
1948
1949
43.7
45.9
46.3
34.3
36.3
35.5
76.6
79.2
76.6
10.5
11.3
11.5
45.3
45.4
46.8
24.0
24.7
24.9
24.0
27.7
26.8
24.0
25.7
25.5
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
50.2
52.3
54.0
56.0
56.9
38.9
41.6
42.9
44.9
44.1
77.4
79.5
79.5
80.2
77.6
12.4
13.6
14.5
15.5
16.0
49.6
50.5
52.7
55.9
57.3
24,7
26.0
26.8
27.6
28.1
28.6
30.8
30.3
29.2
29.3
25.9
27.6
27.9
28.1
28.5
1955
1956
1957
1956
1959
56.6
59.4
61.0
62.6
64.9
47.1
48.5
49.0
48.1
51.6
80.4
81.6
80.3
76.6
79.5
16.4
17.5
16.6
19.5
20.3
59.0
62.0
64.0
65.0
67.4
27.9
29.4
30.5
31.0
31.3
31.8
31.6
32.5
33.0
34.3
29.2
30.1
31.2
31.7
32.3
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
66.0
68.3
70.8
73.6
76.9
52.5
53.5
56.3
58.9
62.4
79.6
78.4
79.6
80.0
61.2
21.2
22.0
23.1
24.0
25.2
69.2
71.1
73.7
75.5
78.5
32.2
32.3
32.6
32.5
32.8
34.0
34.4
35.6
36.7
37.2
32.8
32.9
33.6
33.9
34.2
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
79.2
81.5
83.9
86.4
86.6
66.4
69.8
71.7
74.8
76.8
83.8
85.7
85.4
86.6
88.7
26.2
28.0
29.6
32.1
34.4
80.2
83.5
85.6
88.9
90.4
33.1
34.4
35.3
37.1
39.7
39.1
39.9
40.8
42.3
43.0
35.0
36.2
37.1
38.6
40.8
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
87.4
90.2
92.9
95.0
93.2
76.1
78.2
63.1
88.1
86.5
87.1
86.7
89.5
92.7
92.8
36.9
39.3
41.8
45.4
49.9
91.9
93.7
96.5
98.7
97.6
42.3
43.6
45.0
47.8
53.5
43.6
47.4
49.9
53.3
56.1
42.7
44.8
46.6
49.6
54.3
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
95^2
96.0
99.8
100.7
99.5
84.7
89.6
94.8
100.3
102.3
89.0
91.5
95.0
99.6
102.8
54.6
59.8
64.6
70.X
77.0
98.3
101.4
102.8
103.8
107.3
57.6
61.0
64.7
69.7
77.4
64.8
68.5
73.4
78.3
82.4
59.9
63.4
67.5
72.5
79.0
1980
1961
1982
1983
1984
99.2
100.7
100.0
102.4
105.0
101. a
103.2
100.0
104.2
113.0
101.9
102.5
100.0
101.6
107.6
85.1
93.0
100.0
103.8
106.1
99.7
96.6
100.0
100.6
100.4
85.8
92.4
100.0
101.4
103.0
86.9
98.6
100.0
107.3
114.8
86.2
94.4
100.0
103.3
106.8
1965
1986
1987
1986
1989
107.1
109.5
110.7
113.0
112.8
117.7
121.3
126.4
133.0
135.8
109.9
110.8
114.1
117.7
120.4
112.8
118.6
123.1
129.1
133.1
101.2
104.4
104.6
105.3
103.5
105.4
108.4
111.2
114.3
116.0
118.1
119.0
122.5
126.5
133.1
109.5
111.8
114.6
118.2
122.6
See footnotes following table 6.
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
21
Appendix table 8, Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor cost, and prices
Indexes 1982-100
Year
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
Unit
hour (2)
labor
cost
Unit nonlabor payments (3)
Implicit
price
deflator (4)
1947
1948
1949
50.8
52.7
53.5
33.6
35.5
34.7
66.2
67.3
€4.7
11.4
12.4
12.8
49.4
49.6
51.7
22.5
23.5
23.8
23.3
26.3
26.6
22.8
24.4
24.7
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
57.0
58.7
60.1
61,4
62.3
38.0
40.9
42.3
44.2
43.3
66.7
69.7
70.4
72.1
69.6
13.5
14.7
15.6
16.4
17.0
54.2
54.7
56.6
59.5
60.9
23.8
25.1
25.9
26.8
27.3
28.2
29.8
29.7
29.3
29.6
25.2
26.6
27.1
27.6
28.0
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
64.1
64.5
65.7
67.2
69.4
46.4
47.9
48.5
47.5
51.2
72.4
74.2
73.8
70.7
73.7
17.6
18.7
19. t
20.5
21.4
63.4
66.3
67.8
68.6
70.9
27.5
29.0
30.1
30.6
30.8
32.0
31.8
32.7
32.8
34.7
28.9
29.8
30.9
31.3
32.1
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
70.1
72.3
74.7
77.4
80.5
52.0
53.1
56.0
58.6
62.3
74.2
73.3
74.9
75.7
77.4
22.3
23.1
24.0
24.9
26.0
72.8
74.4
76.7
78.4
81.0
31.8
31.9
32.1
32.1
32.3
34.0
34.5
36.0
37.0
37.9
32.5
32.7
33.3
33.7
34.1
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
82.6
84.4
86.5
89.1
88.8
66.3
70.0
71.8
75.1
77.1
80.3
83.0
82.9
84.3
86.8
26.9
28.5
30.2
32.6
34.8
82.4
84.9
87.2
90.3
91.4
32.6
33.8
34.9
36.5
39.1
39.5
40.3
41.3
43.0
43.5
34.8
35.8
36.9
38.6
40.5
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
89.2
91.9
94.6
96.6
94.8
76.3
78.4
83.4
88.5
86.9
85.5
85.3
88.1
91.6
91.7
37.3
39.7
42.2
45,7
50.2
92.7
94.5
97.4
99.3
98.3
41.8
43.2
44.6
47.3
53.0
44.1
47.8
49.8
51.0
54.4
42.5
44.6
46.3
48.4
53.4
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
96.6
99.2
100.9
101.8
100.3
84.9
90.0
95.3
101.0
102.9
87.9
90.7
94.5
99.2
102.6
55.1
59.9
64.7
70.2
76.9
98.9
101.6
103.0
104.0
102.3
57.1
60.4
64.1
69.0
76.7
63.7
68.4
73.5
77.6
81.0
59.2
62.9
67.0
71,7
78.1
1980
1981
1982
1983
1964
99.9
100.9
100.0
103.0
105.1
101.7
103.4
100.0
105.0
113.7
101.8
102.5
100.0
102.0
108.1
85.1
93.1
100.0
104.0
108.1
99.6
98.9
100.0
100.7
100.4
85.2
92.3
100.0
101.0
102.8
86.8
97.9
100.0
108.8
114.9
85.7
94.0
100.0
103.5
106.6
1985
1986
1987
1966
1989
106.5
108.6
109.8
112.3
111.9
118.1
121.6
126.8
134.0
136.7
110.9
111.9
115.4
119.3
122.2
112.5
118.2
122.5
128.3
132.1
100.9
104.1
104.1
104.7
102.8
105.6
108.8
111.6
114.3
118.1
119.0
120.0
123.6
127.4
133.7
109.8
112.3
115.3
118.4
123.0
See footnotes following table 6.
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
22
Manufacturing sector:
i
Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor cost
Appendix table 9 . Manufacturing
Indexes 1962-100
Year
Output per
hour
of all persons
<6)
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
hour {2}
Unit
labor
cost
09.0
00.5
00.7
10.7
11.9
12.5
46.3
47.7
50.5
26.7
42.5
44.2
35.6
37.6
35.7
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
46.6
40.5
49.4
50.5
51.2
40.6
45.4
47.0
50.4
46.7
07.1
93.7
95.0
99.6
91.3
13.1
14.4
15.4
16.2
17.0
52.5
53.6
56.0
56.6
60.9
28.1
29.8
31.1
32.1
33.1
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
53.6
53.3
54.5
54.?
56.6
51.6
52.1
52.4
47.8
53.3
96.3
97.7
96.1
S:J
17.6
10.0
19.9
20.0
21.6
63.4
66.5
68.3
69.4
71.5
32.9
35.2
36.5
36.3
36.1
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
56.9
58.5
61.0
65.2
60.3
53.4
53.5
58.0
62.6
67,0
93.6
91.4
95.1
96.0
90.1
22.5
23.1
24.0
24.7
25.7
73.2
74.6
76.7
76.0
60.2
39.5
39.5
39.3
37.9
37;7
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
70.2
71.0
71.2
73.0
74.9
72.9
76.5
78.2
82.3
84.6
103.9
110.6
109.9
111.5
112.0
26.3
27.5
29.0
31.2
33.5
60.5
61.9
63.7
66.5
00.1
37.5
38.7
40.7
42.3
44.7
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
75.2
79.3
02.4
06.9
04.6
79.9
81.2
80.4
97.9
93.2
106.1
102.4
107.3
112.7
110.1
35.9
36.0
39.9
43.0
47.0
09.3
90.7
92.2
93.5
93.6
47.7
47.9
48.4
49.5
56.5
1975
1976
1977
1970
1979
06.9
90.9
93.0
95.3
95.3
06.3
94.6
101.6
107.7
109.0
99.3
104.1
100.4
113.0
115.2
53.5
50.0
63.0
66.2
74.9
194?
1948
1949
40.0
96.0
90.3
100.4
101.0
99.6
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
95.3
97.5
100.0
105.2
110.8
104.0
106.5
100.0
106.4
119.4
110.0
109.2
100.0
101.2
107.7
63.7
91.0
100.0
102.5
106.0
90.0
97.5
100.0
99.3
90.4
1905
1906
1907
1900
1909
115.9
120.2
124.7
127.6
130.1
124.0
126.0
132.3
139.9
144.0
107.0
105.5
106.1
109.6
110.6
111.1
116.1
119.0
123.4
126.7
99.6
102.3
101.1
100.6
96.6
See footnotes following table 6.
Output
28.1
28.2
61.6
63.7
67.2
71.6
78.6
87.8
94.1
100.0
97.5
95.6
95.9
96.6
95.5
96.7
97.4
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
23
Appendix table 10. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor cost
Indexes 1982-100
Year
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
(6)
Hours
of all
persons
Compensation per
hour(l)
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
71.2
10.5
11.6
12.2
45.4
46.5
49.4
79.3
89.5
91.7
98.6
87.3
12.8
14.2
15.3"
16.1
16.9
51.4
52.7
55.7
58.3
60.5
57.5
57.2
57.6
49.7
56.0
93.2
95.3
94.1
83.2
90.2
17.6
18.7
19.9
20.9
21.7
63.4
66.5
68.2
69.9
72.0
62.0
63.6
66.5
70.8
74.7
55.8
55.1
60.8
65.9
71.5
90.0
86.7
91.4
93.1
95.8
22.6
23.2
24.2
24.8
25.8
73.7
75.0
77.3
78.4
80.4
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
77.0
77.1
77.6
80.1
80.8
79.1
86.1
86.0
90.0
92.1
102.8
111.7
110.8
112.4
114.0
26.3
27.4
28.9
31.1
33.4
80.6
81.7
83.4
86.3
87.8
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
80.0
84.4
87.5
91.1
89.4
84.1
84.3
92.8
104.0
100.3
105.1
99.8
106.1
114.2
112.2
35.9
38.3
40.0
43.0
47.6
89.3
91.2
92.5
93.4
93.2
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
90.7
95.2
97.6
99.1
97.9
89.7
98.6
106.5
114.7
116.8
98.9
103.5
109.2
115.8
119.3
53.7
58.3
63.3
68.2
74.8
96.4
98.9
100.8
100.9
99.4
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
98.5
100.1
100.0
107.0
117.5
110.8
111.7
100.0
107.7
128.8
112.4
111.5
100.0
100.7
109.6
83.8
92.0
100.0
102.1
105.2
98.2
97.7
100.0
98.9
97.7
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
124.3
130.4
136.2
139.3
144.9
155.1
159.8
109.6
106.8
106.4
110.9
111.5
110.2
115.7
118.5
121.9
125.4
98.9
101.9
100.7
99.4
97.6
1947
1948
1949
46.
49.
51.
38.1
40.0
36.7
81.4
80.6
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
54.
55.
57.3
58.3
58.7
43.2
50.0
52.6
57.5
51.3
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
61.7
60.0
61.2
59.7
62.1
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
136.2
139.9
143.3
See footnotes following table 6.
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
24
Appendix : table 11. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor cost
Indexes 1982=100
Year
Output per
hour
of all persons
Output
(6)
Hours
of all
persons
Oompensation per
- hour (1)
Real
compensation per
hour (2)
Unit
labor
cost
1947
1948
1949
32.3
34.4
36.3
32.3
34.4
^34.2
100.1
100.0
94.3
11.2
12.6
13.1
48.5
50.4
53.3
34.7
36.6
36.2
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954 -
37.7
39.4
39.6
40.3
41.9
37.1
39.3
39.6
41.0
40.7
98.4
99.9
99.9
101.7
97.1
13.7
14.9
15.716.4
17.3
55.0
55.4
57.0
59.4
62.0
36.4
37.9
39.5
40.8
41.2
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
43.4
44.8
45.9
47.5
49.8
; 45.5
43.8
45.3
! 45.3
49.6
100.8
101.1
99.0
95.5
99.7
17.8
18.9
20.0
20.8
21.5
63.9
67.0
68.7
69.5
71.4
40.9
42.2
43.6
43.8
43.3
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
50.5
52.2
54.1
58.1
60 . 2
50.1
51.3
54.3
58.2
61.1
99.2
98.2
100.4
100.3
101.5
22.5
23.2
23.9
24.7
25.8
73.2
74.9
76.5
78.0
80.2
44.5
44. >4
44.3
42.6
42.8
1965
1966
1967
1966
1969
61 i'2
62.6
62.5
65.2
67.0
64.5
68.2
67.9
72.0
74.5
105.4
109.0
108.6
110.3
111.1
26.3
27.5
29.1
31.2
33.6
80.6
81.9
84.1
86.6
88.2
43.0
43.9
46.6
47.9
50.1
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
68.9
72.8
75.8
81.2
78.2
74.2
77.2
82.6
89.8
83,8
107.7
106.1
108.9
110.5
107.2
36.0
37.9
39.8
42.9
47.9
89.6
90.4
91.9
93.3
93.8
52.3
52.1
52.5
52.9
61.3
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
81.8
85.2
88.7
90.2
91.9
81.7
89.4
: -95vl
98.3
100.5
99.9
104.8
107.2
109.0
109.3
53.2
57.5
62.4
68.0
74.5
95.5
97.5
99.3
100.6
99.0
65.1
67.4
70.3
75.3
81.0
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
91.1
94.1
100.0
102.8
101.8
97.0
99.7
100.0
104.8
107.0
106.4
105.9
100.0
101.9
105.0
82.9
90.9
100,0
103.4
106.8
97.1
96.6
100.0
100.2
99.2
91.0
96.7
100.0
100.6
104.9
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
104.2
106.3
109.3
110.9
112.3
107.7
110.1
115.5
119.6
122.8
103.3
103.6
105.7
107.8
109.3
112.0
116.5
119.9
125.6
128.6
100.4
102.6
101.8
102.5
100.1
107*4
109.6
109.7
113.2
114.5
.
See footnotes following table 6.
August 6, 1990
Source; Bureau of Labor Statistics
25
Appendix table 12. Nonfinanclal corporations: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor cost,
unit profits, and prices
Indexes 1982-100
1Employee
hours
Output
per allemployee
hour
Output
1958
1959
68.3
70.8
40.7
44.8
59.6
63.3
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
71.8
73.9
76.7
80.0
83.0
46.1
47.1
50.8
54.1
57.7
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
84.8
86.1
87.2
89.6
89.7
1970
1971
1972
19*73
1974
Year
Unit
labor
cost
Unit
nonlabor
cost (7)
Total
unit
cost
(8)
Unit
profits
(9)
Implicit
price
deflator
(4)
22.5
74.7
31.8
31.8
26.3
25.6
30.3
30.1
70.8
84.0
32.8
33.5
64.2
63.7
66.2
67.6
69.6
23.4
24.2
25.1
25.9
27.1
76.4
78.0
80.3
81.8
84.2
32.7
32.7
32.7
32.4
32.6
26.6
27.2
26.9
26.6
26.6
31.0
31.2
31.1
30.8
30.9
76.2
76.1
83.3
87.3
91.7
33.8
34.0
34.4
34.3
34.8
62.4
66.7
68.3
72.2
75.2
73.5
77.5
78.3
80.6
83.8
27.8
29.4
31.0
33.3
35.6
85.3
87.4
89.6
92.4
93.5
32.8
34.1
35.6
37.2
39.7
26.5
26.5
28.2
30.2
32.5
31.1
32.0
33.5
35.2
37.6
99.1
98.7
92.3
92.6
82.8
35.3
36.2
37.2
38.8
40.5
90.0
92.4
94.3
96.6
94.0
74.4
76.3
82.0
88.1
86.0
82.7
82.6
87.0
91.2
91.5
38.1
40.4
42.7
46.1
50.5
94.6
96.3
98.6
100.1
98.9
42.3
43.7
45.3
47.7
53.8
36.4
38.7
39.0
40.1
46.5
40.7
42.3
43.5
45.6
51.7
66.6
76.3
82.5
83.6
72.1
42.3
44.5
46.0
48.0
53.0
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
96.2
98.0
99.8
100.4
99.7
83.5
88.9
94.6
100.4
103.3
86.8
90.6
94.9
100.0
103.6
55.5
60.2
64.9
70.4
77.1
99.6
102.0
103.3
104.2
102.5
57.7
61.4
65.0
70.1
77.4
53.8
54.5
56.7
59.9
65.7
56.6
59.4
62.7
67.3
74.1
98.1
113.9
127.4
129.9
120.4
59.2
62.9
66.8
71.2
77.0
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
99.0
99.7
100.0
102.7
105.2
101.4
103.1
100.0
104.7
114.3
102.4
103.4
100.0
101.9
108.6
85.2
93.2
100.0
103.2
107.1
99.8
98.9
100.0
100.0
99.4
86.1
93.5
100.0
100.4
101.8
77.5
90.2
100.0
98.8
98.4
83.7
92.6
100.0
100.0
100.8
108.5
125.1
100.0
1'41.4
174.0
85.2
94.6
100.0
102.6
105.4
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
106.9
109.4
112.1
113.4
111.9
118.8
122.0
128.5
134.9
136.4
111.1
111.5
114.6
119.0
121.9
111.3
116.7
120.5
125.8
129.6
99.9
102.8
102.4
102.6
100.9
104.2
106.7
107.5
111.0
115.8
99.6
103.0
102.7
103.8
111.8
102.9
105.7
106.2
109.0
114.7
169.5
156.8
171.1
176.3
157.9
107.1
108.9
110.2
113.2
117.4
See footnotes following table 6.
Hourly
Real
compensa- hourly
tion
compensation (2 )
(1)
21.7
72.5
August 6, 1990
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
@FedFRASER