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Bulletin No. 1226

Productivity :
A Bibliography

November 1957

JNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR
lames P. Mitchell, Secretary
HJREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS
iwan Clague, Commissioner







Productivity:
A Bibliography
N o vem b er 1957

Bulletin No

1226

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price . .




. $1




CONTENTS

Page
S e c tio n

P reface

.....................................................................................................

In tr o d u c tio n

I.

111

............................... .................................................................

Industry and sector measures

1

A.

Total economy and sectors or industries • • • > « . . .

1

B.

Agriculture • * . . ...................

6

C.

C o n s t r u c t io n ...............................................................................

lit

D.

Manufacturing ...........................

16

1.
2.
3*
li«
5.

16
20
23
21*

6.
7.
8.
9*
10.
11.
12.
13.
111.
15>.
l6 .
E.




A ll manufacturing or combinations o f industries . •
Food and kindred products ................................................
Tobacco m a n u fa c tu r e s .......................
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s .......................................................
Apparel and other finished products made from
fa b rics and sim ilar materials ....................................
Lumber and wood products (except furniture) . . . .
Paper, printing and a llie d products ............................
Chemicals and a llie d p r o d u c ts ........................ ....
Products o f petroleum and c o a l ......................................
Rubber products ............................................... ...................
Leather and leather g o o d s ................................................
Stone, c la y , and glass p r o d u c ts ....................................
Metal i n d u s t r i e s .......................................
Machinery (except e l e c t r i c a l ) ...................................
E le c tr ic a l machinery, equipment and supplies . . .
Transportation equipment ...................................

Mining
1.
2.
3.

...........................................................................................

Total mining and combinations o f mining industries
Coal mining
......................................................................
Other m i n i n g ...........................
- i -

2$
26
27
27
29
30
30
33
36
39
1«1
1*2
1*3
1*3
1*5
1*6

CONTENTS— Continued

Page

II.

III.
IF.
V.
VI.
V II.
V III.

IX.
X.
X I.

F.

Transportation, communication, and public u t i l i t i e s

k9

G.

Other in d u s t r ie s ...............................

52

P roductivity at the plant l e v e l ...............................................
International ...................................................................................
Concept and m easurem ent...............................................................
Factors a ffe ctin g p r o d u c t iv it y ..............................................
Productivity and the economy
...................................................

51t
60
76
91
105

S ig n ific a n c e o f p r o d u c t iv it y c h a n g e ............................................

H it

Productivity, wages, and p r i c e s ...............................................
Productivity and labor-managementrelation s ..........................
Bibliographies ...........................................
College doctoral dissertation s andtheses .............................

126
136
liil
Iit3

APPENDIXES

A.

Index to authors ...........................................................

Ilt6

B.

Index to t i t l e s .......................................................................

153

C.

Names and addresses o f p eriod ica ls c ite d in
bibliography
.......................................................................

177

Names and addresses o f publishing organizations cite d
in b i b l i o g r a p h y .......................

180

D.




- ii -




PREFACE

The role of productivity in America's
great industrial growth has long been acknowledged,
and research, measurement and analysis of produc­
tivity have been conducted by the U. S. Department
of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics ever since
its founding. Others too have studied and written
about this vital subject so that the literature
in the field has become quite extensive.
In re­
cent years, the key position of productivity in
economic growth and projection seems to be re­
ceiving more and more attention.
However, much
work still remains to be done in the field of
productivity — in its measurement, analysis, and
interpretation.
This bibliography is presented
for economists in government or private industry,
union and management officials, labor relations
analysts, teachers, and students, to help them
make use of the growing volume of published mate­
rial on this subject.
This bibliography was prepared in the
Bureau's Division of Productivity and Technologi­
cal Developments by Laura H. Spatz under the general
direction of Allan D. Searle and Maurice Haven.
The Bureau gratefully acknowledges the assistance
of members of the staff of the Department of Labor
Library and the Library of Congress.

Leon Greenberg, Chief
Division of Productivity and
Technological Developments

iii

p r o d u c t iv it y :

a

b ib l io g r a p h y

In tr o d u c tio n

Scope and L im ita tio n s

To the econ om ist, the con cep t o f p r o d u c t iv it y im p lie s
the r a t i o o f output t o the in p u t o f a l l f a c t o r s . Such f a c t o r s
would in clu d e la b o r , c a p i t a l , la n d , f u e l , e t c . However, most o f
the lit e r a t u r e on p r o d u c t iv it y r e la t e s p ro d u ctio n t o the in p u t
o f la b o r . R eferen ces in t h is b ib lio g r a p h y have been g e n e r a lly
lim it e d t o t h is measure o f p r o d u c t iv it y , although some o f them
do d is c u s s o th e r typ es o f in p u t f a c t o r s in a d d itio n t o la b o r i n ­
p u t.
A ls o ex clu d ed from the b ib lio g r a p h y i s l it e r a t u r e r e ­
la t in g t o time and m otion s tu d ie s at the jo b l e v e l , and t o the
f i e l d o f p sy ch o lo g y d e a lin g w ith a p titu d es and in d iv id u a l d i f ­
fe re n ce s .
Although i t cannot be doubted th a t such f a c t o r s
in flu e n c e p r o d u c t iv it y change, th ese s tu d ie s r i g h t f u l l y b e lo n g
in o th e r s c i e n t i f i c a re a s.
Many sou rces were search ed in com p ilin g the b i b l i o g ­
raphy, in c lu d in g the f i l e s o f the B u reau's D iv is io n o f Produc­
t i v i t y and T e c h n o lo g ic a l Developm ents, the Department o f Labor
L ib r a r y , and the L ib ra ry o f C on gress.
The Cumulative Book
In d ex , the I n d u s t r ia l A rts In dex, the Readers Guide t o P e r io d i­
c a l s , and the P u b lic A f f a i r s In form a tion S e r v ic e were co n s u lte d
f o r l i s t i n g s o f books and p e r i o d i c a l a r t i c l e s on the s u b je c t .
No s p e c i f i c date has been s e le c t e d as a s t a r t in g p o in t
f o r t h is b ib lio g r a p h y . The sou rces l i s t e d above were co v e re d
th orou gh ly from 1953 t o June 1957, bu t l i s t i n g s from e a r l i e r
b ib lio g r a p h ie s p u b lish ed b y the Bureau in 19^6 and 1952 l / are
in c lu d e d h e r e . In g e n e r a l, no attem pt has been made t o in clu d e

l 7 S e le c t e d r e fe r e n c e s on P r o d u c t iv it y , U. S. D epart­
ment o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , O ctober 19^6; and
S e le c t e d R e fe re n ce s on P r o d u c t iv it y P u blish ed in the U nited
S t a t e s , September 19^-6-September 1952 , U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , O ctober 1952 .




iv -

news item s on the s u b je c t , p u b lish ed in the d a ily p r e s s . How­
e v e r , some sig n ed a r t i c l e s from newspapers were in clu d e d , where
the s u b je c t m atter was c o n s id e r e d t o be s u f f i c i e n t l y im portan t.
The r e fe r e n c e s in t h is b ib lio g r a p h y are from ( l ) p e r i ­
o d i c a l a r t i c l e s , b ook s, r e p o r t s , sp eech es, pam phlets, con feren ce
p r o ce e d in g s , and th eses prepared o r p u b lish ed in the U nited
S t a t e s ; (2 ) r e fe r e n c e s p u b lish ed by such in t e r n a t io n a l agen cies
as the O rg a n iza tion f o r European Economic C oop era tion (OEEC),
the In ter-A m erican S t a t i s t i c a l I n s t i t u t e , and the I n te r n a tio n a l
Labor ; 0 f f i c e 5 and ( 3 ) a r t i c l e s from f o r e ig n p e r io d ic a ls r e f e r ­
r in g t o p r o d u c t iv it y in the U n ited S t a t e s . E very e f f o r t has
been made t o co v e r groups ( l ) and ( 2 ) as co m p le te ly as p o s s ib le .
However, r e fe r e n c e s in group ( 3 ) are o n ly th ose which have been
brought to the a t t e n t io n o f the com p ilers o f t h is b ib lio g r a p h y .
There are n e a r ly 9^0 r e fe r e n c e s l i s t e d , p re se n tin g
t e c h n ic a l and n o n te c h n ic a l d e s c r ip t io n s o f p r o d u c t iv it y measure­
ment, f a c t o r s which a f f e c t p r o d u c t iv it y , and the s ig n if ic a n c e o f
p r o d u c t iv it y changes. With the e x ce p tio n s n oted b elow , each
r e fe r e n c e in c lu d e s a b r i e f an n ota tion g iv in g the g i s t o f the sub­
j e c t s c o v e r e d . However, no e v a lu a tio n o f the r e fe r e n c e s in clu d e d
i s in ten d ed .
Although e f f o r t s have been made t o c o v e r the s u b je c t
c o m p le te ly , i t i s p o s s ib le th a t because o f the la r g e volume o f
m a te r ia l p u b lish ed in r e c e n t y e a r s , some im portant r e fe r e n c e s
may have been o m itted . Omissions th a t are brought t o the B ureau's
a t t e n t io n w i l l be in c o r p o r a te d in fu tu re r e v is e d e d it io n s o r sup­
plem ents o f t h is p u b lic a t io n .

U sing the B ib lio g ra p h y
R e fe re n ce s in the s u b je c t m atter s e c t io n o f the b i b l i ­
ography have been c l a s s i f i e d under 11 broad s u b d iv is io n s . When
a r e fe r e n c e r e la t e s t o more then one s u b d iv is io n , i t i s l i s t e d
o n ly on ce, under the d iv is io n t o which a m ajor p o r t io n o f the
a r t i c l e , book, e t c .> r e l a t e s .
The s e c t io n In d u stry and S e c to r Measures d e a ls p r i ­
m a rily w ith e m p ir ic a l measures o f p r o d u c t iv it y and v a riou s
in d u s t r ie s and s e c t o r s o f the economy. I t shows trends in p r o ­
d u c t iv it y over a p e r io d o f time f o r groups o f in d u s t r ie s , o r a
sample o f p la n ts in a p a r t ic u la r in d u s tr y . These s tu d ie s are




- v

sometimes based on f i e l d s tu d ie s made t o o b ta in in fo rm a tio n on
p r o d u c t iv it y changes, o r are prepared from d ata on p ro d u ctio n
and la b o r c o l l e c t e d f o r oth er p u rp oses. Some m a te r ia l may a ls o
be in clu d e d on f a c t o r s and p r o je c t io n s as a p p lie d t o s p e c i f i c
in d u s t r ie s o r s e c t o r s . E n trie s whose m ajor c o n t r ib u t io n i s in
the f i e l d o f m ethodology, even though c o n fin e d t o a p a r t ic u la r
in d u s try , are l i s t e d in the s e c t io n , Concept and Measurement.
In form a tion on p r o d u c t iv it y le v e ls w ith in a p a r t ic u la r p la n t or
fir m , u s u a lly based on case s t u d ie s , are in clu d e d in the s e c t io n
P r o d u c t iv it y at the P la n t L e v e l.
R e fe re n ce s in clu d e d in the s e c t io n I n te r n a tio n a l are
la r g e ly e n t r ie s which compare p r o d u c t iv it y in the U nited S ta tes
w ith th ose in o th e r c o u n tr ie s bu t a ls o c o n ta in American p u b lic a ­
t io n s p e r ta in in g t o s in g le fo r e ig n c o u n t r ie s .
There are o b v io u s ly a g r e a t number o f f a c t o r s which
in flu e n c e p r o d u c t iv it y , and in turn have an e f f e c t on p r a c t i c a l l y
e v e ry a sp ect o f the economy. These e n t r ie s under the s e c t io n s
P a c to r s E ffe c t in g P r o d u c t iv it y and S ig n ific a n c e o f P r o d u c t iv it y
Change are n e c e s s a r ily lim it e d t o s tu d ie s which d is c u s s d i r e c t l y
th ose f a c t o r s which cause p r o d u c t iv it y change, and the im pact o f
such changes on v a rio u s segments o f the economy. S tu d ies d e a lin g
w ith the r e la t io n s h ip o f p r o d u c t iv it y t o econom ic growth are
found in the s e c t io n P r o d u c t iv it y and the Economy.
Trade union a t t it u d e s toward p r o d u c t iv it y , c o l l e c t i v e
b a rg a in in g and p r o d u c t iv it y are co v ered in the s e c t io n P ro­
d u c t iv it y and Labor-Management R e la t io n s . T his s e c t io n o v e r la p s ,
u n a void a b ly , w ith the s e c t io n on P r o d u c t iv it y , Wages, and P r ic e s
which d ea ls p r im a r ily w ith the r e la t io n s h ip between p r o d u c t iv it y ,
and wages and p r i c e s .
The v a s t amount o f l it e r a t u r e on s u b je c t s such as
t e c h n o lo g ic a l change, 2 / the growth o f c a p i t a l equipm ent, p r ic e s
and w ages, labor-management r e la t io n s h ip s , e t c . , a l l o f which
in flu e n c e p r o d u c t iv it y change, are n o t in c lu d e d in the b i b l i ­
ography ■unless th ey are d is c u s s e d in co n n e c tio n w ith p r o d u c t iv it y
change.

2 / Many o f the t e c h n o lo g ic a l changes in the area
r e fe r r e d t o as autom ation are p resen ted in Autom atic T echn ology
and I t s I m p lic a t io n s , A S e le c t e d Annotated B ib lio g r a p h y , BLS
B u lle t in No. H 98, August 1956.




- vi

The s e c t io n B ib lio g r a p h ie s co n ta in s s e v e r a l r e fe r e n c e s
p u b lis h e d o u ts id e the U nited S ta te s .
The s e c t io n C o lle g e D o c to r a l D is s e r t a tio n s and Theses
co n ta in s t i t l e s o f unpublished works o n ly . No an n otation s are
in clu d ed w ith the r e fe r e n c e s l i s t e d in t h is s e c t io n . Theses
which have been p u b lish e d are l i s t e d in the b ib lio g r a p h y in
accordance w ith t h e ir s u b je c t m a tter. The r e fe r e n c e s here are
e it h e r on f i l e at the L ib ra ry o f Congress o r a t the c o lle g e
which is s u e d the d e g re e .
Users o f the b ib lio g r a p h y should w r ite d i r e c t l y t o the
p e r i o d i c a l o r p u b lis h e r f o r any item c i t e d . The Bureau o f Labor
S t a t i s t i c s has o n ly r e p r in t s o f a r t i c l e s , e t c . , e x ce p t those p r e ­
pared in the Bureau i t s e l f .
During the c o m p ila tio n o f t h is b ib lio g r a p h y , i f i t was
found th a t a r e fe r e n c e was no lo n g e r in p r in t , the n o ta tio n " o . p . "
was in clu d ed w ith the a n n ota tion .







SECTION I
INDUSTRY AND SECTOR MEASURES

(The references in th is section deal prim arily with em pirical measures
o f produ ctivity and various industries and sectors o f the economy. Some
m aterial may a lso be included on fa cto rs and p rojection s as applied to
s p e c ific industries or s e c to r s .)
A.
1.001.

Total Economy and Sectors or Industries
Changes in Physical Production, Industrial P roductivity and
Manufacturing Costs, 1927-1932. Frederick C. M ills . New York:
National Bureau o f Economic Research, February 20, 1933, B u ll. No.
16 (6 p p .).
Presents trends in manufacturing, mining, and agricu ltu re,
1927-1932.

1.002.

The Changing E fficie n cy o f the American Economy, 1869-1938. Jacob
Schmookler. Review o f Economics and S t a t is t ic s , August 1952
(pp. 21J4-23I).
The pattern and magnitude o f tech nical change fo r selected
industries in the United States as a whole from 1869 to 1938.
An index o f output per unit o f t o ta l input.

1.003.

Estimates o f Gross National Product in Constant D ollars, 1929-1$.
George Jaszi and John W. Kendrick. U. S. Department o f Commerce,
Survey o f Current Business, January 1951, V ol. 31, No. 1 (pp. 6 -1 1 ).
Included are estimates o f the rate o f growth o f o v era ll
produ ctivity in the private sector o f the economy.

1.001*.

Hand and Machine Labor. C arroll D. Wright. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , 1899, 2 V ols. (2030 p p .) . (13th
Annual Report o f the Commissioner o f Labor, 1898).
The re la tiv e productive power and cost o f hand and machine
labor, and the e f f e c t o f the in troduction o f machines upon
the labor fo r c e .

1.003.

The Industrial Study o f Economic Progress. Hiram S. Davis.
Philadelphia: U niversity o f Pennsylvania Press, 19l;7 (187 pp. )•
Includes studies on productive e ffic ie n c y and produ ctivity
changes in pa rticu la r in d u stries.




-

1

-

-

1.006.

2

-

Labor Productivity and Labor Cost. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau
o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, December 191:1 (PP» 13881391).
Indexes fo r 1939 to 19i|l fo r production, man-hours, and out­
put per man-hour in manufacturing, coal mining, and ra ilro a d s.
A revision and extension o f data in the a r t ic le '’Wages, Hours,
and P roductivity o f Industrial Labor, 1909 to 1939" by Witt
Bowden in the Monthly Labor Review, September 19^0.

1.007.

Labor Savings in American Industry, 1899-1939. Solomon Fabricant.
New York: National Bureau o f Economic Research, November 19ij£>>
Occasional Paper No. 23 (52 p p .).
Trends o f output and produ ctivity fo r a l l manufacturing,
individual manufacturing in du stries, ag ricu ltu re, mining,
and pu blic u t i l i t i e s . The relation sh ip between increase in
p rod u ctivity and national product per capita .

1.008.

Manufacturing Investment Since 1929 in Relation to Employment,
Output and Input. Donald G. Wooden and Robert C. Wasson. Survey
o f Current Business, November 1956 (pp. 8-20).
Includes trends in labor and ca p ita l per un it o f output,
1929-55.

1.009.

New Surge in P roductivity:

Fortune, December 1956 (p . 3 3 ).

Trend table fo r manufacturing and nonfarm prod u ctivity,
1952-56.
1.010.

Output per Man-Hour and Unit Man-Hour Requirements, 1909-1950, U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Handbook o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , 1950 E dition, B u ll. No. 1016, Section F (pp. 166-17U).
Indexes fo r selected manufacturing, nonmanufacturing industries
and agricu ltu re.

1.011.

Output per Man-Hour in Selected Nonmanufacturing In du stries. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, February 1956 (pp. 177-181).
Physical output per man-hour in 6 nonmanufacturing
in d u stries, 19h7-5iu




- 3 -

. .

1 012

Output per Man-Hour in 27 in du stries, 1950. Allan D. Searle and
Enzo A. P u g lisi. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, October 1951 (pp. l*22-li2U).
Indexes o f output per man-hour fo r 19li9 and 1950 fo r 20
manufacturing in d u stries, 5 mining in d u stries, 1 transportation
industry, and agricu ltu re.

1.013.

Postwar P roductivity Growth in the United States. Paper presented
at International Conference on p rodu ctivity, P aris, France. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s . April 1957
(35 p p .).
Basic factu al data with analysis o f produ ctivity trends and
factors a ffe ctin g these changes.

l.O llu

P otential Economic Growth o f the United States During the Next
Decade. Materials prepared fo r the Joint Committee on the Economic
Report, 19514- (35 p p .).
Includes a table showing private nonagricultural and a g ri­
cu ltu ral output per man-hour and per capita .

1.015.

Productivity: Past and Present. Labor Cost and In fla tio n , l i s t
annual meeting, National Industrial Conference Board, May 16, 17,
1957 (pp. 16-17).
Analysis o f produ ctivity charges fo r farm, private nonfarm
and manufacturing, 1909-56).

1.016.

P roductivity Changes Since 1939. C elia Star Gody and Allan D.
Searle. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, December 191*6 (pp. 893-917).
Indexes o f output per man-hour fo r selected manufacturing
and nonmanufacturing in d u stries, and fa ctors a ffe c tin g
prod u ctivity.

1.017.

P roductivity in Nonmanufacturing (U. S. since 1939). Gertrude
Deutsch. National Industrial Conference Board, Conference Board
Business Record, July 1950, V ol. 7 (pp. 27U-278).




Trends fo r agricu ltu re, ra ilroa d s, e le c t r ic lig h t and
power, telephone and telegraph, and mining.

-

1.0X8.

1* -

P roductivity on the Increase. H. E. Hansen. National Industrial
Conference Board, Conference Board Business Record, June 191*8, V ol. 5
(pp. 21*2-215).
Business practices and p rodu ctivity trends fo r individual
in d u stries.

1.019.

P roductivity Trends: Capital and Labor. John W. Kendrick. National
Bureau o f Economic Research, January 1956 (21* p p .). Presented at
jo in t session o f the American Economic A ssociation and the American
S t a t is t ic a l A ssociation on December 29, 1955. Also in Review o f
Economics and S t a t is t ic s , August 1956 (pp. 21*8-257).
P roductivity trends since the turn o f the century in the
American economy, by major segments and in d u stries.

1.020.

P roductivity Trends in American Indu stries. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , January 191*6 (18 p p .).
Charts: Trends in manufacturing, 1909-39? and fo r mining,
ra ilroa d transportation, e le c t r ic lig h t and power, agricu ltu re,
and airframe manufacture, 1909-1*1*.

1.021.

P roductivity Trends in Selected Industries: Indexes Through 1950.
Mary L. K elly. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
B u ll. No. 101*6, 1951 (83 p p .).
Current changes in p rod u ctivity, and h is to r ic a l trends fo r
selected in dustries with technical notes.

1.022.

P roductivity, United States by Decades, 1891-1950. Weekly Chart
S ervice, Road Maps o f Industry, No. 905* May 1, 1952. The National
Indu strial Conference Board.
Charts on Gross National Product, population, t o ta l man-hours
o f labor input and output per man-hour are based on ’’P roductivity
and Economic P rogress,” by Frederick C. M ills . New York:
National Bureau o f Economic Research, 1952.

1.023.

Recent Productivity Trends. Ewan Clague. Summary o f address before
the 1952 Industrial Engineering Conference, sponsored by the Chicago
Chapter o f the Society f o r Advancement o f Management, September 11,
1952. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s .
September 1952 (3 p p .).
Review o f produ ctivity changes, 1939-1951 fo r t o ta l manu­
facturing and nonmanufacturing industries and fo r selected
manufacturing in d u stries.




- $ -

1.021*.

Recent Trends in P roductivity in the American Economy* U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s . Summary o f
Proceedings o f Conference on P roductivity, June 10, 191*8 (31* pp. )•
P rincipal to p ics and speakers: History o f the P roductivity
Conference, Solomon Fabricantj Trends in Gross National Product
and Employment, John W. Kendrick; P roductivity Changes in Agri­
culture, Glen T. Barton; P roductivity in Bituminous Coal Mining,
W. H. Young; Work o f the BLS in the P roductivity F ield , W. Duane
Evans; P roductivity in Nonmanufacturing Industries—Indexes
based on Secondary Data, Allan D. Searle; The Direct Reports
Program, George E. Sadler; Findings o f the National Indu strial
Conference Board, Martin Gainsbrugh; Comparison o f P roductivity
in 19U7 with 191*1 and Recommendations, Hiram S. Davis.

1.02$.

Resource and Output Trends in the United States Since 1870. Moses
Abramovitz. Papers presented at the Sixty-eighth Annual Meeting o f
the American Economic A ssociation, New York C ity, December 28-30,
19$$. American Economic Review, May 19$6, V ol. 1*6, No. 2 (pp. $-31*)»
The average produ ctivity o f various fa cto rs o f our economy
estimated from an accumulation o f h is t o r ic a l s t a t is t ic s .

1.026.

Trends in Output and Employment. George J. S tig le r .
National Bureau o f Economic Research, 191*7 (67 p p .).

New York:

Analyzes output employment, and output per worker from
1899 to 1939 in manufacturing, a g ricu ltu re, mining, gas
and e le c t r ic u t i l i t i e s , and steam ra ilro a d s.
1.027.

Trends in Output per Man-Hour, Selected Nonmanufacturing Industries;
1935-5$. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
J u n e 1 9 $ 6 , BLS R e p o r t N o . 10$

(2 1 p p . ) .

Extends s t a t is t ic s presented in previously published reports
fo r selected nonmanufacturing in d u stries.
1.028.

T r e n d s i n T e c h n o l o g y a n d E m p lo y m e n t.
N o. 1 o f a S e r ie s on
T e c h n o l o g y a n d E m p lo y m e n t. W a s h in g t o n :
C o u n c il f o r T e c h n o lo g ic a l
A d v a n c e m e n t, May 19$ 1* (21* p p . )•
R e ce n t tr e n d s i n m a n u fa c tu r in g , s e r v i c e , t r a d e and o t h e r
i n d u s t r i e s , a n d a f o r e c a s t o f t h e e f f e c t o f A m e r ic a * s a d v a n c i n g
t e c h n o l o g y o n f u t u r e e m p lo y m e n t .




-

1.029.

6

-

Wages, Hours, and Productivity o f In du strial Labor. Witt Bowden.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, September 192:0 (pp. 517-514:).
Data fo r manufacturing, mining, and steam ra ilroa d s, 1909-39.

B

. .

1 030

Agriculture
A m e r ic a n A g r i c u l t u r e , 1899-1939, A S t u d y o f O u t p u t , E m p lo y m e n t a n d
P r o d u c tiv ity .
H a r o l d B a r g e r a n d H ans H . L a n d s b e r g .
New Y o r k :
N a t i o n a l B u re a u o f E c o n o m ic R e s e a r c h , I n c . , 19i|2 (ii35 p p . ) .

Indexes fo r the t o t a l net output o f agricu ltu re, employment
and output per g a in fu lly employed worker, 1899-1939. Techno­
lo g ic a l advance in farm machinery and developments in plant
improvement and animal breeding, and the d istrib u tion o f pro­
d u ctiv ity changes among products and types o f fa m in g en terprise.
1.031.

Changes in Farm Production and E ffic ie n c y . U. S. Department o f
A griculture. A gricultural Research Service, June 195 U (U0 p p .)j
June 1955 (u3 p p .); June 1956 (2*3 p p .) .
An a n n u a l p u b l i c a t i o n p r e s e n t i n g m a j o r s t a t i s t i c a l d a t a o n
fa r m p r o d u c t i o n , p r o d u c t i o n i n p u t s a n d p r o d u c t i v i t y s t a r t i n g
J u n e 195U c o v e r i n g d a t a f o r y e a r 1953.
S u p p le m e n t s p r e s e n t i n g
c r o p s b y g e o g r a p h ic d i v i s i o n a re a v a i la b le .

. .

1 032

Changes in Faming in War and Peace. Sherman E. Johnson. U. S.
Department o f A griculture, Bureau o f A gricultural Economics, June
19h6 (99 p p .).
C h a n g e s i n f a r m in g f r o m W o r l d W ar I t h r o u g h W o r l d W ar I I .
F a c t o r s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r th e u n u s u a lly la r g e in c r e a s e s i n
p r o d u c t i o n d u r i n g W o r l d W ar I I a n d t h e p e a c e t i m e s i g n i f i c a n c e
o f t h i s in c r e a s e d o u tp u t.

1.033.

C h a n g e s i n T e c h n o l o g y a n d L a b o r R e q u ir e m e n t s i n C r o p P r o d u c t i o n :
C orn .
L . K . M a cy , L . E . A r n o l d , a n d E . G . M c K ib b e n .
W a s h in g t o n :
U n i t e d S t a t e s W ork s P r o g r e s s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n , N a t i o n a l R e s e a r c h
P r o j e c t , J u n e 1938, R e p o r t N o . A-5 (181 p p . ) .
o. p.
T h e e f f e c t s o f c h a n g e s i n f a r m in g m e t h o d s a n d p r a c t i c e s o n
t h e v o lu m e o f l a b o r u s e d i n p r o d u c i n g c o r n .
E s t im a te s o f
l a b o r n e e d e d t o p r o d u c e t h e c o r n c r o p s i n c e 1909 a n d , a l s o ,
t h e a m ou n t o f l a b o r r e q u i r e d p e r a c r e t o g r o w c o r n i n
s e l e c t e d a r e a s i n th e U n ite d S t a t e s .




- 7 1.03U-

Changes in Technology and Labor Requirements in Crop Production:
Cotton. W. C. Holley and L. E. Arnold. Washington: United States
Works Progress Administration, National Research P roject, September
1938, Report No. A-7 (132 p p .). o . p.
Labor requirements
1936, and dependence
v a rie tie s o f cotton,
methods o f combating

1.035.

per acre by area, 1909, 1919, 1926, and
o f labor e ffic ie n c y on mechanization,
crop rota tion , use o f f e r t iliz e r s , and
diseases and p ests.

Changes in Technology and Labor Requirements in Crop Production:
Potatoes. Harry E. Knowlton, Robert B. Elwood, and Eugene 0.
McKibben. Washington: United States Works Progress Administration,
National Research P roject, March 1938, Report No. A-l;, (13k p p .).
o. p.
Technological developments and changes in ag ricu ltu ra l
p ra ctices in the production o f potatoes and an estimate o f
th e ir e ffe c t s on labor requirements and a g ricu ltu ra l
employment, 1909-36.

1.036.

Changes in Technology and Labor Requirements in Crop Production:
Sugar Beets. Loring K. Macy and others. Washington: United States
Works Progress Administration, National Research P ro je ct, August
1937, Report No. A -l (k8 p p .). o. p.
Estimates o f labor required per acre and per ton in producing
sugar b eets, by States and fo r the United States from a f i e l d
survey conducted by NRP during 1936, the Department o f Agricul­
tu re, U. S. T a r iff Commission and State a g ricu ltu ra l experiment
sta tion s.

1.037.

Changes in Technology and Labor Requirements in Crop Production.
Vegetables. J. C. S ch ille te r and others. Washington: United
States Works Progress Administration, National Research P roject,
September 1939, Report No. A-12 (131 p p .) . o . p .
The e f f e c t o f changes in farming techniques and in the
le v e l o f production on the amount o f labor used in producing
the p rin cip al vegetable crops o f the United States from 1918
to 1936.

449922 0 -58 -2




-

. .

1 038

8

-

Changes in Technology and Labor Requirements in Crop Production*
Wheat and Oats. R. 6 . Elwood, L. E. Arnold, D. C. Schmutz, and
E. G. McKibben. Washingtons United States Works Progress
Administration, National Research P roject, A pril 1939, Report No.
A-10 (182 p p .). o . p .
The h is to r ic a l development o f the more important machines
used in small grain production; agronomous developments tending
to raise p rodu ctivity; the e ffe c t s o f mechanization on labor
requirements fo r individual operations. Data are from the NRP
farm survey.

1.039.

The Contribution o f Technological Progress to Farm Output* 1950-75.
Vernon W. Ruttan. The Review o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s , February
1956 (pp. 61-69).
Models fo r American agriculture illu s t r a te consequence o f
alternative rates o f tech n ological change on aggregate input
categories during the next quarter century.

. *.

1 01 0

D iffe re n tia ls in P roductivity and in Farm Income o f Agricultural
Workers by Size o f Enterprise and by Region. Louis J . Ducoff and
Margaret J . Hagood. U. S. Department o f A griculture, 191*1* (51* p p .)•
The development o f a unique method o f measurement.

l.oia.

Farm Costs and Returns, 1955 (With Comparisons) Commercial FamilyOperated Farms, by Type and Location. U. S. Department o f Agricul­
ture, Agricultural Research Service, June 1956, Agriculture Informa­
tio n B u ll. No. 158 (62 p p .).
Summary resu lts o f farm operations in 1955 on selected types
and sizes o f farms including production per unit o f input.

. *.

1 01 2

Farm W ork S i m p l i f i c a t i o n .
John W ile y and S o n s , I n c . ,

L a w r e n c e M . V a u gh a n a n d L o w e l l S . H a r d i n .
P P »).

19l*9 (11*5

P rinciples applicable to a l l agricu ltu ra l a c t iv it ie s and
tech n ical research in to methods o f sim p lifica tio n .
1.01*3.

F ield and Crop Labor on Georgia Farms (Coastal Plain Area) L. A.
Reynoldson. U. S. Department o f A griculture, 1925, B u ll. No. 1292
(28 p p .).




L a b o r r e q u ir e m e n ts , a c r e a g e and y i e l d o f c r o p s , and a v e ra g e
m a n -h o u r s r e q u i r e d p e r a c r e f o r i n d i v i d u a l c r o p s .

- 9 1.01*1*.

Gains in Productivity o f Farm Labor. Reuben W. Hecht and Gien T.
Barton. U. S. Department o f Agriculture, 1950, B u ll. No. 1020
(121 p p .).
Indexes o f man-hour requirements and o f production per man­
hour fo r many crops and types o f liv e s to ck , by area, 1910-50
and fa ctors contributing to the increase in prod u ctivity.

1.01*5.

Gross National Farm Product in Constant D ollars, 1910-50. John W.
Kendrick and Carl E. Jones. TJ. S. Department o f Commerce, Survey o f
Current Business, September 1951* V ol. 31> No. 9 (pp. 13-19).
Farm labor p rodu ctivity, as measured by the ra tio o f rea l
farm product to man-hours worked.

1.01*6.

Improving Labor E fficie n cy through Improving Farm Organization. P.
E. Johnston, Journal o f Farm Economics, November 1951 (pp. 808-817).
A p o s s ib le
sh orta g e.

1.01*7.

s o l u t i o n t o U n i t e d S t a t e s p r o b le m o f fa r m l a b o r

Increased P roductivity o f the Farm Worker. Glen T. Barton. Cornell
U niversity, Indu strial and Labor Relations Review, January 191*8
(pp. 261*-282).
Trends in production per worker, 1910-11* to 191*6 and fa ctors
a ffe ctin g produ ctivity and a forecast fo r the fu tu re.

1.0l*8.

Increasing Labor E fficie n cy o f Individual Farm E nterprises. E. J.
Nesius. Journal o f Farm Economics, November 1951 (pp. 818-826).
The achievement o f greater farm labor e ffic ie n c y and how
to deal with b a sic economic problems.

1.0l*9.

Labor Productivity and Size o f Farms:
S tig le r .

J o u r n a l o f Farm E c o n o m i c s ,

A S ta tis tic a l P it f a l l,
191*6 (pp. 821-825).

G. J.

Adapting size o f the farm to the ca p ita l and manpower a v a il­
able to solve manpower shortage in agricu ltu re.
1.050.

Labor Productivity in Agriculture and Industry. Reuben W. Hecht.
U. S. Department o f A griculture, Agricultural Situation, November
1950 (pp. 2 -3 ).
The relation sh ip between produ ctivity changes in agriculture
and in other in d u stries.




-

1.051.

10

Labor Requirements fo r Crops and Livestock. M. C. Cooper, W. C.
H olley, H. W. Hawthorne, and R. S. Washburn. U. S. Department o f
A griculture, May 191*3 (11*0 p p .).
Labor requirements by States and by a gricu ltu ra l regions,
and man-hours per acre in an average year fo r 90 crops and
fo r various classes o f liv e s to ck .

1.052.

Labor Used fo r F ield Crops. Reuben W. Hecht and Keith R. V ice.
U. S. Department o f A griculture, June 1951*> S ta tis t ic a l B ull. No.
11*1* (1*5 p p .).
L abor r e q u ir e d p e r a c r e f o r

1.053*

s e le c te d

crop s,

195>0.

Labor Used fo r Livestock. Reuben W. Hecht. U. S. Department o f
Agriculture, May 1955, S ta tis t ic a l B u ll. No. l 6 l (22 p p .) .
Includes estimates o f man-hours per head or per unit o f
production fo r selected types o f liv e s to ck , 1950.

1.051*.

The Magnificent Decline o f U. S. Farming.
June 1955 (pp. 99-103).

G ilbert Burck.

Fortune,

Productivity improvement in the past quarter century as the
most important development in American agricu ltu re.
1.055.

More Food from Fewer Workers* Shirley S. Hoffknan. The Conference
Board Business Record, May 1955, V ol. X II, (pp. 181*-187).
Contributing fa ctors to the rapid increase in farm pro­
d u ctivity in the past h a lf century.

1.056.

M ultiple Unit Operations and Gross Labor Productivity Within the
Old Cotton B elt. William H. N ich olls. Journal o f Farm Economics,
November 1952 (pp. 1*63-1*81).
Comparison o f le v e ls o f produ ctivity in various plantations.

1.057.

Production and Welfare in Agriculture.
Macmillan C o., 1950 (225 p p .).




T. W. Schultz.

New Yorks

The e ffe c t on foreign rela tion s o f the United States farm
program to increase produ ctivity and obtain a b e tte r d iv isio n
o f income.

-

1.058.

11

-

P r o d u c t iv it y i n A g r ic u ltu r e s
1909-19U2.. U . S . D e p a r tm e n t o f L a b o r ,
B u rea u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s , N o v e m b e r 19b3 (20 p p . ) , a n d M o n t h ly
L a b o r R e v i e w , M a rch 19UU ( p p . 51U-520).
S u p p le m e n t s :
19U2-1+3, Jun e
19UJU (U p p . ) ; 19li2-UU, May 1916 (6 p p . ) ; 19k2-6, J u n e 191:6 (7 p p . ) ;
1909-1+6, N ov em b er 191:7 (27 p p . ) ; 1909-1:7, N o v e m b e r 19l|8 (27 P P « ) ;
1909-1+8, O c t o b e r 19U9 (31 p p » ) .
I n d e x e s o f a g r i c u l t u r a l p r o d u c t i o n , e m p lo y m e n t , a n d o u t p u t
p e r w o r k e r , f o r t h e U n it e d S t a t e s a s a w h o le an d b y fa r m in g
a r e a , and c o n t r ib u t in g f a c t o r s .

1.059.

T h e P r o d u c t i v i t y C a p a c i t y o f R u r a l a n d U rb a n l a b o r :
A C ase S tu d y .
R o b e r t S . W e in t r a u b .
J o u r n a l o f P o l i t i c a l E c o n o m y , O c t o b e r 1955
( p p . 1 & 2 -U 2 6 ).
The i n t e r c h a n g e a b i l i t y o f l a b o r e m p lo y e d i n
o t h e r l a b o r , 19U7—
53•

1.060.

a g r ic u ltu r e

and

Productivity o f Agriculture Workers by Size o f Enterprise and by
Region. J. Oser. Journal o f Farm Economics, November 191:8
(pp. 76L-770).
C r i t i c i s m a n d p o s s i b l e im p r o v e m e n t s o f t h e D u c o f f a n d H a g o o d
m e th o d o f m e a s u r in g p r o d u c t i v i t y o f fa r m w o r k e r s i n
"D iffe r ­
e n t i a l s i n P r o d u c t i v i t y a n d Farm In c o m e o f A g r i c u l t u r a l W o r k e r s
b y S iz e o f E n te r p r is e and b y R e g io n ."

l« 0 6 l.

Productivity o f Farm Labor. Federal Reserve Bank o f Kansas C ity,
Monthly Review, A pril 1955 (pp. 3 -8 ).
C h a n g e s i n fa r m l a b o r i n r e l a t i o n t o o t h e r p r o d u c t i v e a g e n t s ,
i n t e r m s o f e m p lo y m e n t , l a b o r r e q u i r e m e n t s , a n d fa r m w a g e r a t e s ,

1910-55.
1.062.

P r o d u c t i v i t y o f Farm L a b o r , 1909 t o 1938:
C h a n g e s i n A v e r a g e O u t­
p u t.
U . S . D e p a r tm e n t o f L a b o r , B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s ,
M o n t h ly L a b o r R e v ie w , A u g u st 1939 ( p p . 282-291:) •
I n c r e a s e s i n t h e a v e r a g e o u t p u t o f fa rm w o r k e r s b y p r i n c i p a l
f a m i n g r e g io n s an d b y m a jo r c r o p s , and th e t e c h n o l o g i c a l ch a n g e s
r e s p o n s ib le f o r th e in c r e a s e s .




-

1«063.

12

P roductivity o f Resources used on Commercial Farms. Edwin G. Strand
and oth ers. U. S. Department o f Agriculture, November 1955, Technic
c a l B u ll. No. 1128 (86 pp0). Published in cooperation with the Iowa
A gricultural Experiment Station.
An analysis o f p rodu ctivity in 68 regions to provide a basis
fo r appraising the d ifferen ces between returns and production
resources in 191*9.

1.061*.

P roductivity Trends 1909 to 1950s A griculture. Allan D. Searle and
Enzo P u g lis i. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
March 1952 (31* p p . ) .
I n d e x e s o f p r o d u c t i o n , p r o d u c t i v i t y a n d e m p lo y m e n t f o r U n i t e d
S t a t e s a n d m a jo r g e o g r a p h i c r e g i o n s a n d a n a n a l y s i s o f f a c t o r s
a ff e c t in g tre n d ch a n ges.

1.065.

P r o g r e s s o f Farm M e c h a n i z a t i o n .
M a r t i n C . C o o p e r , G le n T . B a r t o n ,
and A lb e r t P . B r o d e ll .
U . S . D e p a r tm e n t o f A g r i c u l t u r e , M i s c .
P u b . N o . 630, O c t o b e r 19V? (101 p p . ) .

The growth pattern o f farm mechanization and tech n ological
improvements and th e ir e ff e c t on output per worker, employment,
production costs and returns o f agricu ltu re.
1.066.

Relation o f A gricultural Production to Inputs. Glen T. Barton, and
M. C. Cooper. Harvard U niversity, Review o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s ,
May 191*8. V ol. 30 (pp. 117-126).
Farm production as related to the inputs o f land, liv e s to c k ,
machinery and a combined unit o f input including la bor.

1.067.

R e q u ir e m e n t s a n d C o s t s f o r P i c k i n g , S n a p p in g , a n d S l e d d i n g C o t t o n
i n W e s t T e x a s a n d O k la h o m a .
A . P . B r o d e l l a n d M. C . C o o p e r .
U. S.
D e p a r tm e n t o f A g r i c u l t u r e , Ju n e 1927 (7 p p . ) .
U n i t m a n -h o u r r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r h a r v e s t i n g , a n d u n i t c o s t f o r
h a r v e s t i n g a n d g i n n i n g b y 3 h a r v e s t i n g m e th o d s f o r 1* d i s t r i c t s .

1.068.

Resource Adjustments to Equate P rod u ctivities in A griculture. Earl
0 . Heacty- and C. B. Baker. U niversity o f North Carolina, Southern
Economics Journal, July 1951*, V ol. 21 (pp. 36-52).
The e ffe c t s o f d iffe re n t quantities o f ca p ita l on labor
produ ctivity and optimum a llo ca tio n o f resources in the United
States.




- 13
1.069.

Resource P roductivity and Income f o r a Sample o f West Kentucky Farms.
H. R. Jensen and W. B. Sundquist. Kentucky A gricultural Experimental
Station, June 1955* B u ll. No. 630 (35 PP»).
Marginal value p rod u ctiv ities o f the resource and resource
service inputs o f land labor, crop and liv e sto ck se rv ice s.

1 .0 ? 0 .

Resource P roductivity, Returns to S cale, and Farm S ize. Earl 0 .
Heady, Glen L. Johnson, and Lowell S. Hardin. Ames: Iowa State
C ollege, 1956 (202 p p .).
Problems, research techniques, and resu lts o f in v e s ti­
gations dealing with resource produ ctivity and size o f
business in agricu ltu ra l production.

1.071.

Resource Returns and Productivity C o e fficie n ts in Selected Farm
Regions. Earl 0. Heady and Russell Shaw. Journal o f Farm Economics
V ol. 36, May 195k (pp. 21*3-258).
A measurement o f the marginal value o f produ ctivity o f
resources in d iffe re n t farming regions to predict the e ffe c t
o f d iffe re n t quantities on the value o f the product produced.

1 .0 7 2 .

Resource Use and Productivity in World Agriculture. Jyoti P.
Bhattachorjee• The American Farm Economic A ssociation, Journal o f
Farm Economics, February 1955 (111 pp. )•
Productivity o f resources in world a gricu ltu ra l production
and the rela tiv e e ffic ie n c y in th e ir uses.

1.073.

Technology: Farmings Chemical Age.
1953 (pp. 151-155).

E ric Hodgins.

Fortune, November

How United States farm produ ctivity can be doubled in the next
two decades.
1.071*.

Technology on the Farm.
(221* p p .).

U. S. Department o f A griculture, August 19l*0

Technological developments and improvements in a g ricu ltu ra l
p ra ctices and th e ir e ffe c t s on the national economy. The d is­
placement o f farm workers resu ltin g from the tech nological
changes are considered.




-

1.075.

11 *

-

Trend in Size and Production o f the Aggregate Farm Enterprise, 190936. R. G. B ressler and J. A. Hopkins. United States Works Progress
Administration, National Research P roject, July 1938, Report No. A-6
(255 p p .). o. p.
Measures o f a g ricu ltu ra l production, to ta l acreage o f land
worked, and liv estock on farms. Base period (192l*-29) unit
labor requirements are used as weights in the derivation o f
the production indexes.

1 .0 76.

Trends in A gricultural Employment. Louis J. Ducoff and Margaret
Hagood. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, December 19l*7 (pp. 61x9—653)•
P roductivity trends in the period before World War II
through 191x6.

1.077.

Trends in Employment in A griculture, 1909-36. E. E. Shaw and J. A.
Hopkins. United States Works Progress Administration, National
Research P roject, November 1938, Report No. A-8 (163 p p .). o . p.
A produ ctivity measure derived from the employment series
and the production indexes published in "Trends in Size and
Production o f the Aggregate Farm E nterprise, 1909-36" by
R. G. B ressler, Jr. and J . A. Hopkins (NRP Report No. A -6).

C.

1.078.

C o n s tr u c tio n

Building Labor P roductivity.
V ol. 136 (p . 557).

Engineering News Record, A pril 18, 191*6,

Productivity in building construction, covering 51* contractors
in 18 metropolitan areas.
1.079.

C o n s tr u c tio n

19U7

(p p .

L abor P r o d u c t iv it y .

E n g i n e e r i n g News

Record,

A p r il

17,

92-93).

Construction labor produ ctivity fo r the f i r s t quarter o f 191*7,
u t iliz in g data by 26 building contractors in 12 large c i t i e s .
1.080.

Construction Productivity R ising.
191*8 (pp. 97-99).




Engineering News Record, May 27,

An analysis o f labor produ ctivity by c it y and by type o f s k i l l .

- 15 -

. .

1 081

Labor and M aterial Costs in Small House Construction. U. S. Depart­
ment o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, May
1939 (pp. 1058-1061).
Man-hours and pa yrolls at the s it e , by occupation, and
m aterial c o sts .

1.082.

Labor and Unit Costs in P. W. A. Low-Rent Housing. Herman B. Byer
and Clarence A. Trump. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, September 1939 (pp. 578-586).
Estimates o f man-hours worked at the s it e and o f f the s ite
beginning in 1931*.

1.083.

Labor Productivity and Costs in Certain Building Trades. Ethelbert
Stewart. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, November 1921* (pp. 91*5-959).
Labor produ ctivity and cost indexes fo r bricklayin g, plas­
terin g, painting, and roofin g fo r several c i t i e s .

. *.

1 081

Labor Relations and Productivity in the Building Trades. William
Haber and Harold M. Levinson. U niversity o f Michigan, Bureau o f
In du strial R elations, 1956 (251* p p .).
Labor rela tion s p ractices and other fa cto rs as they relate
to p rodu ctivity and costs in housing construction.

1.085.

Labor Requirements in Road Construction. L illia n Lunenberg. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
A pril 1939 (pp. 821*—828).
Man-hours (at s ite and o f f s it e ) per m illion dollars o f con­
tra cts awarded fo r fed era l road and bridge construction from
July 1935 to August 1937.

. .

1 086

P roductivity o f Labor in Street and Road Building and in Ditch
Digging. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, December 1931 (pp. 1265-1271*).
Striking instances o f increased produ ctivity in the various
operations.

1.087.

P roductivity o f Labor in the Building o f Concrete Roads in I l l i n o i s .
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, November 1932 (pp. 1026-1028).
Based upon information obtained from a representative con­
tractin g company fo r ty p ica l contracts in 1919, 1925, and 1930.




-

D.

. .

-

Manufacturing
1.

1 088

16

A ll manufacturing or combinations o f industries

Capital and Output Trends in Manufacturing Industries 1880-1914.8.
Daniel Creamer. National Bureau o f Economic Research, I n c ., 19$k>
Occasional Paper No. ill ( IOI4. p p .) .
An analysis o f past trends in the relation sh ip between the
stock o f ca p ita l and output to throw lig h t on long-term future
prospects. Tables o f ra tio s o f t o ta l ca p ita l to output fo r
major and minor manufacturing industries fo r selected years,
I 88O-I 9I48.

1.089.

C y clica l Changes in Input-Output R elations. Thor Hultgren. American
S ta tis t ic a l A ssociation, Proceedings o f the Business and Economic
S ta tis tic s Section, 1955-56 (pp. 272-280). Paper presented at the
ll5 th Annual Meetings, New York 1955*
An examination o f long-run and short-run p rodu ctivity fl u c t ­
uations fo r combined manufacturing and separate in d u stries.

. .

1 090

Employment in Manufacturing, 1899-1939• Solomon Fabricant.
Bureau o f Economic Research, 19i*2, No. I4I (362 p p .) .

National

Indexes o f employment, man-hours, output, workers and man-hours
per unit o f product fo r a l l manufacturing, major manufacturing
groups, and separate manufacturing in d u stries. Changes in em­
ployment, output, and un it labor requirements are analyzed against
the background o f corresponding changes in hours o f work, wage
c o s ts , s e llin g p r ic e , and ca p ita l investment.
1.091.

The Facts o f P roductivity. Ewan Clague. Paper presented before the
Annual Meeting o f the Society fo r the Advancement o f Management,
New York, N. Y. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis­
t i c s , December 6, 191*6 (11 p p .).
S ignificance o f p rodu ctivity measurement and analysis o f
changes in output per man-hour fo r a l l manufacturing and fo r
s p e c ifie d industries fo r selected years, 1925-1*9.

. .

1 092

H o u r ly E a r n in g s and U n it L a b o r C o s t i n M a n u fa c t u r in g .
I r v i n g H.
S ie g e l.
J o u r n a l o f t h e A m e r ic a n S t a t i s t i c a l A s s o c i a t i o n , S e p t e m b e r
19140, V ol. 35 ( p p . l*55-li60).

C la rific a tio n o f the r o le o f ris in g produ ctivity in countering
ris in g hourly earnings* Indexes o f hourly earnings, labor c o s t,
p rice and output per man-hour fo r a l l manufacturing, 1919-39.




- 17 1.093.

Index o f Productivity o f Labor in the S teel, Automobile, Shoe and
Paper Indu stries. Ewan Clague. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, July 1926 (pp. 1 -1 9 ).
Production, employment and p rodu ctivity trends, 1909-23.

1.09U.

Indexes o f Output per Man-Hour and Unit Man-Kours in Manufacturing.
Allan D. Searle and Jack Alterman. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau
o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, January 1956, (pp. 63-68).
Condensed from the report on "Trends in Output per Man-Hour
and Man-Hours per Unit o f Output-Manufacturing, 1939-53."

1.095.

Keeping the BLS Figure Factory Out o f the Line o f B a ttle.
Week, July 17, 195U (1) p p .).

Business

The Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s work program and a report on
p rodu ctivity advancement in manufacturing.

. .

1 096

A Look at the P roductivity Record. Gertrude Deutsch. National
In du strial Conference Board, Conference Board Business Record,
February 191)9, V ol. 6 (pp. 53-55).
Changes in output per man-hour and average hourly earnings
in 22 selected manufacturing in d u stries, 1939—U7.

1.097.

Man-Hour Output in Manufacturing. Gertrude Deutsch. National
Indu strial Conference Board, Conference Board Business Record,
February 1950, V ol. 7 (pp. 60-63).
Changes in produ ctivity fo r manufacturing as a whole and
fo r individual in d u stries.

. .

1 098

Man-Hour Trends in Selected Industries: Men's Dress S h irts, Man-Hows
per Dozen 1939-1)7? Footwear Manufacture, Man-Hours per Pair, 1939-1)5?
F e r t iliz e r Manufacture, Man-Hours per Ton, 1939-1)6. U. S. Department
o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, September
191)8 (pp. 251)-260).
Summary o f i n d u s t r y r e p o r t s p u b l i s h e d s e p a r a t e l y b y t h e B u re a u
o f L abor S t a t i s t i c s .




-

1.099.

18

-

Monthly Production Indexes and Changes in Output per Man-Hour.
M ilton Moss. Paper presented at the annual meeting o f the American
S ta tis t ic a l A ssociation, New York C ity, December 30, 1955.
P roductivity Measurement Review, November 1956, No. 7 (pp. 1*-10).
Includes a discussion o f output per man-hour in manufacturing,
191*7-1955, compiled by the Federal Reserve Board.

1.100.

The Output o f Manufacturing Industries, 1899-1937* Solomon Fabricant.
National Bureau o f Economic Research, 191*2, No. 39 (685 p p .).
Indexes o f physical output, and changes in the size and compo­
s it io n o f output fo r a l l manufacturingj major manufacturing
groups and a large number o f in dividual manufacturing in d u stries.
The b a sic data on the qu an tities, values, and values per un it fo r
in dividual products and on value added by manufacture fo r the
separate in dustries are presented in f u l l .

1.101.

Output per Man-Hour in Manufacturing, 1939-1*7 and 191*7-53. Leon
Greenberg. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, January 1956, (pp. 1 -6 ).
Condenses from BLS pu blica tion , Trends in Output per Man-Hour
and Man-Hours per Unit in Manufacturing, 1939-53.

1.102.

Production, Employment and P roductivity in 59 Manufacturing
Industries, 1919-36. Harry Magdoff, Irving H. S iegel, and M ilton B.
Davis. United States Works Progress Administration, National Research
P ro je ct, May 1929, Report No. S -l (51*7 p p .).
P»
Trends, sources o f data and methods used in the development
o f production and p rodu ctivity measures.

1.103.

P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in Selected Manufacturing Industries
1919-1*0. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
February 19l*2 (111 p p .) .
Revisions and extension o f United States Works Progress
Administration, National Research P roject rep ort, "Production,
Employment, and Productivity in 59 Manufacturing Industries,
1919-36."




- 19 1 . 101*.

P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in Selected Manufacturing Industries
1939-16* U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
May 191*6 (18 p p .).
An extension o f "P rodu ctivity and Unit Labor Cost in Selected
Manufacturing Industries, 1919-191*0" which was published by BLS
in 191*2.

1 .1 0 5 .

Productivity Gains Equal Expectations. J. C. May and G. C. Thompson.
National Industrial Conference Board. Conference Board Business
Record, May 1950, V ol. 7 (pp. 191-19U).
Analyzes re p lie s to a questionnaire sent to a number o f manu­
facturing in d u stries.

. .

1 106

P roductivity o f Labor in the Cement, Leather, Flour and Sugar
Refining Industries, 1911* to 1925. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau
o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, October 1926 (pp. 690-

701 ).

Indexes o f production, man-hours, and output per man-hour.
1.107.

Productivity o f Labor in 11 Manufacturing Indu stries. U. S. Depart­
ment o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
March 1930 (pp. 501-517).
Indexes o f production, man-hours, and output per man-hour
(1899-1927) in : iron and s t e e l, boots and shoes, leath er,
meatpacking, petroleum re fin in g , paper and pulp, cement,
automobiles, rubber t ir e s , flo u r m illin g and cane sugar
r e fin in g .

. .

1 108

Recent Trends in P roductivity. Ewan Clague. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , (M aterial submitted to Joint
Economic Committee fo r Hearings on January 1957 Economic Report o f
the President), January 1957 (h PP*)»
Long-run and postwar trends: 1939-53j 191*7-53j and 1953-56j
with analysis o f produ ctivity changes.

1.109.

The Relations Between Factory Employment and Output Since 1899.
Solomon Fabricant. New York: National Bureau o f Economic Research,
December 19i*l, Occasional Paper No. 1* (39 p p .).
Traces manufacturing output, employment, and labor per unit
o f product since 1899.




-

1.110.

20

-

Trends in Output per Man-Hour and Man-Hours per Unit o f Output—
Manufacturing, 1939-53* U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , 1955, Report No. 100 (33 p p .). Excerpts from Automation
and Technological Change. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Eco­
nomic S ta b iliza tion o f the Joint Committee on the Economic Report,
1955. (pp. 301-331*). (See reference in Section IV ).
BLS produ ctivity indexes fo r postwar and e a r lie r years,
sources o f data, methodology used in compiling indexes, and
fa ctors a ffe c tin g p rodu ctivity changes.

1.111.

Trends in P roductivity, 1919-191*3 * • Gertrude C. Deutsch, R. Feldman,
and Martin R. Gainsbrugh. Conference Board Business Record, 191*5
( pp . 51 -5 5 ).
Past trends and future outlook fo r p rod u ctivity.

1.112.

What i s Happening to In du strial P rodu ctivity.
and Factory, March 1957 (pp. 83-87).

A . N. Wecksler.

M ill

P roductivity index in manufacturing 1919-57 with an analysis
o f the economic importance o f these changes.
1.113.

What's Happening to P roductivity? Factory Management and Maintenance,
September 191*7 (pp. 66- 69) . A rticle o f same t i t l e in September 191*8
issu e.
A questionnaire survey to determine p rod u ctivity change covered
by the period 191*6 to 19l*7 and fa cto rs a ffe c tin g p rodu ctivity in
selected industry groups.
2.

l .l l l * .

Food and kindred products

Labor Productivity and Displacement in the Slaughtering and Meat
Packing Industry. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, November 1932, (pp. 1018-1025).
A study by BLS in the c a t t le , hog, c a l f , and sheep k illin g
departments and hog cutting departments o f 3 large and 3 mediumsized slaughtering and meatpacking establishm ents, 1911*-31 .

1.115.

Labor P roductivity Functions in Meat Packing.
U niversity o f Chicago Press, 191*8 (256 p p .).

William H. N ich olls.

The fresh pork operations o f a large midwestern meatpacking
plant during the years 1938 to 19l*0. Relation between pro­
duction, labor cost and man-hours, in which employment and
hours (workweek) are separately treated .




-

1.116.

21

-

Labor P roductivity in Slaughtering. Sthelbert Stewart. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
March 1921; (pp. 1;88-1;95) .
Output per man-hour, hourly wage ra te s, and unit labor cost
by occupations fo r 1900, 1902, 1903 and 1923.

1.117.

P roductivity and Employment in Selected Industries: Beet Sugar.
Raymond K. Adamson and Miriam E. West. United States Works Progress
Administration, National Research P ro je ct, October 1938, Report No.
N-l (190 p p .). o. p.
Changes in employment, unit labor requirements and produ ctivity
in various segments o f the industry, 1917-36.

. .

1 118

P roductivity in Slaughtering and Meat Packing Industry, 1919-1&. A.
W. Frazer. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, May 19h2 (pp. 1092-1099).
The h istory and ch a ra cte ristics o f the meatpacking industry
with indexes o f production, employment, man-hours, pa yrolls,
and unit labor c o s t .

1.119.

P roductivity in the Beet Sugar Industry, 1939—U8• Catherine S.
Kaplan and Mary L. K elly. TJ • S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S t a t is t ic s , May 1950 (f> p p .). Supplements: 1939-1;9, February
1951 and 1939-50, November 1951 (7 p p *).
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour.

. .

1 120

P roductivity in the Bread and Other Bakery Products Industry, U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , August 19l;8 (2 p p .).
o. p.
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour, 1939-i;7.

. .

1 121

P roductivity in the Cane Sugar Refining Industry. U. S. Department
o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , October 19i;8 (2 p p .). o . p.
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour, 1939-1;7.




22
1*122.

-

P r o d u c t iv it y Trends i n the Canning and P reserv in g I n d u s t r ie s , 1939 t o
±9h9» Bernard M ich ael and Mary L. K e lly . U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , September 1950 (7 p p . ) .
Supplement?
1939-1950, January 1952 (9 p p . )•
In dexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, m an-hours, output
p e r p r o d u ctio n w orker and p e r man-hour, and an a n a ly s is o f some
f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g tren d changes.

1.123.

P roductivity Trends in the Condensed and Evaporated Milk Industry,
1939-50. Glen F. V ogel. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , May 1952 (9 p p .) .
In dexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, man-hours, output
p e r p ro d u ctio n worker and p e r man-hour, and some f a c t o r s
a f f e c t i n g tren d changes.

1.12U.

P r o d u c t iv it y Trends in the C o n fe c tio n e r y In d u str y , 1939 t o 1951.
Bernard M ich ael and Mary L. K e lly . U. S . Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , A p r il 1952 (8 p p . ) .
In dexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p r o d u ctio n w ork ers, m an-hours, output
p e r p ro d u ctio n w orker and p e r man-hour, and an a n a ly s is o f sane
f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g tren d changes.

1.125.

P r o d u c t iv it y Trends i n the F lou r and Other G ra in -M ill Products
In d u s tr y , 1939-51. Bernard M ichael and Mary L. K e lly . U. S. Depart­
ment o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Ju ly 1952 (12 p p . ) .
In dexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, m an-hours, output
p e r p ro d u ctio n and p e r man-hour, and an a n a ly s is o f some f a c t o r s
a f f e c t i n g tre n d changes.

1.126.

P r o d u c t iv it y Trends in the I c e Cream In d u s tr y , 1939-51. N a ta lie C.
S tra d er and Mary L. K e lly . U. S . Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S t a t i s t i c s , June 1952 (11 p p . ) .
Indexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, m an-hours, output
p e r p ro d u ctio n w orker and p e r man-hour, and an a n a ly s is o f
some f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g tren d changes.

1.127.

P r o d u c t iv it y Trends in the Malt L iquors In d u stry , 1939 t o 1950.
M arion D. H a ll. U . S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t i s t i c s , February 1952 (6 p p . ) .
Indexes o f p r o d u c tio n , employment, m an-hours, output per
p r o d u ctio n w orker and p er man-hour, and an a n a ly s is o f some
f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g tren d changes.




-

1 .1 2 8 .

23 -

P r o d u c t iv it y Trends in the M illin g In d u str y . L. A. E p stein and Harry
Brenner. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s ,
M onthly Labor Review, Ju ly 191*1 (p p . 8 3 - 9 1 0 •
Indexes o f p r o d u ctio n , employment, m an-hours, p r o d u c t iv it y ,
p a y r o lls and u n it la b o r c o s t , 1899-1939, and the e f f e c t o f
p la n t s iz e and geograp h ic s h i f t s on p r o d u c t iv it y .

1 .1 2 9 .

Trends i n Man-Hours Expended p e r Ton, Cane Sugar R e fin in g , 1 9 3 9 -1 * 6 .
Frank L. Wood and Maxwell I . KLayman. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , September 191*9 ( 5 8 p p . )• Supplements:
191:6-1*8, March 1 9 5 0 ( 7 p p . ) j 191*8-1*9, June 1 9 5 1 (1 5 p p . ) j 1 9 i* 9 -5 0 ,
February 1 9 5 2 ( 1 1 p p . ) .
Man-hours p e r u n it o f p rod u ct f o r in d iv id u a l p rod u cts and
f o r groups o f p rod u cts f o r p la n ts grouped b y p la n t s i z e ,
p r o d u ctio n method, c a p a c it y u t i l i z a t i o n , e t c . , based on
d ir e c t p la n t r e p o r t s .

3.
1.130.

Tobacco manufactures

Mechanization and Productivity o f Labor in the Cigar Manufacturing
Industry. W. Duane Evans. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis t ic s , September 1938, B u ll. No. 660 (66 p p .).
The trend toward mechanization o f cigar manufacture and the
im plications mechanization o f the industry. Descriptions o f
cigarmaking fo r both hand and machine methods. Average man­
hour requirements by various methods o f cigarmaking from data
c o lle c te d fo r 15 plan ts.

1.131.

Productivity Trends in the Tobacco Products Industries, 1939-1950.
Bernard Michael. U• S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s , March 1952 (9 PP»).
Indexes o f production, employment, man-hours, output per
production worker and per man-hour, and an analysis o f some
fa ctors a ffe c tin g trend changes.

449922 0 -5 8 -3




-

1*.

. .

1 132

21* -

T extile m ill products (f o r synthetic fib e r s see ^Chemicals
and a llie d 'products11)'

Developments A ffecting P roductivity in the Cotton Goods Industry.
Irving H. Siegel and Celia S. Gody. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, July 191*2
(pp. ltf-5 3 ).
Factors influencing produ ctivity in the cotton goods
industry during the early war p eriod .

1.133.

Labor P roductivity and Labor Costs in Cotton Manufacturing. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
September 1926 (pp. 1*63-1*71*).
The relation sh ip between production, man-hours and the money
paid fo r labor fo r cotton c lo th , 1915 and 1926.

1.131*.

Location Theory and the Cotton Industry. S. Hammond. New York:
New York U niversity Press, Journal o f Economic H istory, Supplement
I I , December 191*2 (pp. 101-117).
Comparison between the North and South o f wages and
produ ctivity since 1900.

1.135.

Mechanical Changes in the Cotton T extile Industry, 1910 to 1936.
Boris Stern. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, August 1937 (pp. 316-31*1).
Unit labor requirements fo r the manufacture o f 8 cotton
t e x t ile products using the most modern equipment a v a ila b le.

1.136.

Mechanical Changes in the Woolen and Worsted Industries, 1910 to
1936, U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly
Labor Review, January 1938 (pp. 58 -93 ).
Changes in processes used to manufacture p a rticu lar types o f
woolen and worsted clo th , and man-hour requirements by depart­
ments based on a f i e l d study.

1.137.

P roductivity Changes in the T extile Industry. Solomon Barkin.
D irector o f Research, T extile Workers Union o f America, (1 p . ) .
Extension o f Remarks o f Hon. Thomas J. Lane o f Massachusetts in
the House o f Representatives Monday May 2, 1955.
Employment, man-hours, production and t o ta l yards per man­
hour 191*7-1951*.




-

1.138.

25

-

P r o d u c t iv it y o f a New England C otton M i l l , 1838 t o 1925. Ann Jamba.
U. S . Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Monthly Labor
Review, O ctober 1926 (p p . 701-712).

The h istory o f a New England cotton m ill. Production o f clo th
per man-hour fo r the sheeting and the flan n el m ill combined.
1.139.

Regional D ifferences in Costs and P roductivity in the American Cotton
Manufacturing Industry, 1880-1910. Chen-Han Chen; The Quarterly
Journal o f Economics, August 19l*l*, V ol. f>0 (pp. 533-566).
Real wage rates, labor supply, produ ctivity o f labor and
tech nical improvements in the northern and southern States.

l.li* 0 .

Regional Labor P roductivity in the T extile Industry. J . W. Markham.
The American Economic Review, March 19l*3, V ol. 33 (pp. 110-115).
A comparison o f produ ctivity o f labor in selected northern
and southern plants o f two large t e x t ile corporations.
5.

1.11*1.

Apparel and other fin ish ed products made from fa b rics and
sim ilar m aterials.

Higher P r o d u c t iv it y through Product A n a ly s is , W ashington: I n t e r ­
n a tio n a l C oop era tion A d m in istra tion , February 1953 (15 PP*)*
How one European p rodu ct ( ja c k e t ) was an a lyzed b y American
in d u s try and red esig n ed t o reduce p ro d u ctio n c o s t s , w ith ou t
a lt e r in g i t s q u a lit y o r i t s outward appearance.

l.li* 2 .

Productivity in the Hosiery Indu stries, 1939-1*9. Allan D. Searle and
Mary L. K elly. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s ,
October 1950 (7 P P »). Supplement: 1939-1950, October 1951 (7 P P *).
Indexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, m an-hours, output
p e r p ro d u ctio n worker and per man-hour, and an a n a ly s is o f some
f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g tren d changes.

1.11*3.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended p er Dozen Men’ s Dress S h ir t s , 1939-1*7.
George E. S a d le r . U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor Sta­
t i s t i c s , May 191*8 (100 p p . ) . Supplements: 191*7-1*8, March 1950
(31 p p . ) j 191*8-1*9, July 1951 (18 p p . ) .

Man-hours per unit o f product fo r in dividual products and
fo r groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e ,
production method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c . , based on d irect
plant rep orts.




-

26

-

1 . 11*1*. Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Dozen Men's Work Clothing, 191*5-1*9.

John Peterson. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
May 1952 (31 p p .).
Man-hours per u n it o f product fo r individual products and fo r
groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , production
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c ., based on d ire ct plant reports.
6.

1.116.

Lumber and wood products (except fu rn itu re)

Labor E fficie n c y and Productiveness in Sawmills. Ethelbert Stewart.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, January 1923 (pp. 1 -2 1 ).
Average time and labor cost per 1,000 f t . o f lumber, and
earnings and output per hour fo r various occupations by
States based on data from 276 sawmills in 22 S tates.

l.ll*6.

Labor Requirements: Hardwood Flooring Production. Roland V. Murray
and Eugene V. Lowther. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, July 191*7 (pp. 1*9-53).
Factors a ffe c tin g man-hour requirements and the le v e ls o f
unit man-hours expended.

1.11*7.

Labor Requirements in Southern Pine Lumber Production. Eugene V.
Lowther and Roland V. Murray. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, December 191*6 (pp. 91*1-953).
The th ird o f a series on man-hour requirements in the pro­
duction o f building m aterials. Unit man-hour le v e ls by opera­
tio n , type o f lumber, and a comparison o f requirements in
1935 and 191*6.

1 . 11*8 .

Man-Hour P roductivity in the Lumber Industry in the P a c ific Coast
States in 1929. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, October 1932 (pp. 818-825).
Output per man-hour and output per wage earner, by State
(C a liforn ia , Oregon, Washington) and by size o f plan t.

1.1 1*9.

Output per Man-Hour in a Forest Industry. Allan D. Searle and
Adolph S colnick. 1953 (pp. 127-132). (Reprinted from "Research in
the Economics o f F orestry") Washington: The Charles Lathrop Pack
Forestry Foundation, 1953 (1*75 p p .).
Changes in the amount o f labor which accompany changes in
physical volume o f output.




- 27 7.

l.l£0.

Paper, prin ting and a llie d products

Are We Operating at Maximum P roductivity?
Industry, May 1951* (pp. 137-138).

W. J. I)yck,

Paper

Methods o f increasing produ ctivity in the pulp and paper
industry.
1.351.

How to Increase Labor P roductivity. J. D. Corrigan.
December 191x7, V ol. 29 (pp. 1310-1311).

Paper Industry,

Job evaluation, production standards and in cen tives, plant
layout, and production planning to improve produ ctivity in
paper m ills .
1.152.

Increased P roductivity.

Paper Industry, May 1951; (pp. 11*1-163).

Methods o f increasing produ ctivity in twelve stages o f
manufacturing in the pulp and paper industry.
1.153.

P roductivity o f Labor in Newspaper P rinting. S. Kjaer. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , March 1929, B u ll.
No. 1*75 (253 p p .).
Labor c o s t, man-hours and output per man-hour fo r compo­
s it io n , stereotyping, and presswork in a modern newspaper
establishment•

1.15U.

The Pulp and Paper Industry in the U. S. A. Paris* European
P roductivity Agency, Organization fo r European Economic Co-operation,
1951 (31*8 p p .).
The fin d in g s o f t h i r t y - f o u r e x p e r ts from tw elve c o u n tr ie s on
s tr u c t u r e , p a st and p resen t tr e n d s , and th e manner o f the e x t r a ­
o rd in a ry growth o f the in d u s try i n the U n ited S t a t e s .

8.
1.155.

Chemicals and a llie d products

Labor Requirements f o r M anufacture o f S y n th e tic Rubber. George E.
S a d le r . U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s ,
M onthly Labor Review, May 191*5 (p p . 990-999).
Based on a BLS f i e l d s tu d y . Supplements and r e v is e s a study
p u b lish e d in the Monthly Labor Review, May 191*3.




- 28 1.156.

la b o r Requirements f o r S y n th e tic Rubber In d u s tr y . James M. Silberm an
and George E . S a d le r. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t i s t i c s , Monthly Labor Review, May 19l*3 (p p . 837-81*5).
U nit la b o r requirem ents b y typ e o f s y n th e tic ru b b er, s iz e o f
p la n t , and o c c u p a tio n . The com p osition o f the la b o r f o r c e
needed, and problem s o f s t a f f i n g are d is c u s s e d .

1.157*

P r o d u c t iv it y and T e c h n o lo g ic a l Changes i n th e Chem icals In d u stry ,
1929-1*0. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s ,
M onthly Labor Review, Ju ly 19l*2 (p p . 53-57).
Indexes o f p r o d u c tio n , employment and p r o d u c t iv it y , and a
d is c u s s io n o f t e c h n o lo g ic a l changes.

1.158.

Productivity in the F e r t iliz e r Industry. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , August 191*8 (2 p p .). o . p.
Indexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, m an-hours, output
p e r p r o d u ctio n w orker and p er man-hour, 1939-1*7.

1.159.

P r o d u c t iv it y Trends i n the Rayon and Other S y n th e tic F ib e rs In d u stry ,
1939-1*8. Bernard M ichael and Mary L. K e lly . U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , March 1950 (6 p p . ) . Supplem ents:
1939-1*9, O ctober 1950 ( 7 p p . ) j 1939-50, February 1952 (7 p p .)*
Indexes o f p r o d u ctio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, m an-hours, output
p e r p r o d u ctio n w orker and p e r man-hour, and an a n a ly s is o f some
f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g p r o d u c t iv it y .

1.160.

Rayon Labor P roductivity. T extile Economics Bureau, I n c ., T extile
Organon, September 191*6, V ol. 17 (p . ll*0).
Output per man-hour, 1939-1*6.
BLS index.

1 .1 6 1 .

Comparison i s made with the

Trends i n Man-Hours Expended p e r Ton i n the Manufacture o f F e r t i l i z e r ,
1939-1*6. Maxwell I . Klayman. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau, o f
Labor S t a t i s t i c s , May 191*8 (60 p p . ) . Supplements: 191*6-1*7, March
1950, (26 p p .) j 191*7-1*8, A p r il 1950 (10 p p . ) j 191*8-1*9, March 1952
(22 p p . ) . o . p .
Man-hours p e r u n it o f p rodu ct f o r in d iv id u a l p rod u cts and f o r
f o r groups o f p rod u cts f o r p la n ts grouped by p la n t s i z e , p ro ­
d u c tio n method, c a p a c ity u t i l i z a t i o n , e t c . , based on d ir e c t
p la n t r e p o r t s .




-

1.162.

29

-

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit, Soap and Glycerin Manufacture,
1939-V?. A. William Buschman. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis t ic s , November 19U8 (66 p p .). Supplements: 19U7-U8,
March 1950 (it p p .)j 19U8—U9> August 1951 (15 pp. )•
Man-hours fo r unit o f product fo r in dividual products and far
groups o f products f o r plants grouped by plant s iz e , prodiction
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c . , based on d ire ct plant rep orts.

1.163.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit, Synthetic Rubber and Components,
19U5-U9. Herman Slomin, U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , A pril 1952 (U9 p p .)•
Man-hours per unit o f product f o r individual products and fo r
groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , prod iction
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c . , based on direct plant reports.

I . I 6I4.

Unit Man-Hour Requirements, Soap Manufacture, 1939-li7. George E.
Sadler. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, December 19l|8 (pp. 618- 619) .
Summarization o f ’’Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit,
Soap and Glycerin Manufacture, 1939—U7.M
9.

1.165.

Products o f petroleum and coa l

How i s Productivity o f Refinery Labor Changing? W. L. Nelson.
and Gas Journal, September 2U, 1956 (p. 157).

O il

Index o f capacity per employee 1919-56, with analysis o f trends.
1.166.

Injury Experiences in the Coking Industry, Detailed Analysis o f
Safety Factors and Related Employment Data. U. S. Department o f the
In te rio r, Bureau o f Mines. Annual B u lle tin s, Technical paper 191319143. F irst issue annual b u lle tin 1951 containing data fo r in te r ­
vening years.
Output per man-hour, by type o f oven.

1.167.

Man-Hour P roductivity in the Petroleum-Refining Industry in 1929.
S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, December 1932 (pp. 1283-1292).

U.

Output per man-hour and per wage earner by type o f operation,
by State, by size o f plant, by average hourly earnings and by
horsepower.




- 30 -

1 . 168.

P roductivity in the Coke Oven Industries: 1939-1:8. Daniel J. Swist
and Mary L. K elly. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor Sta­
t i s t i c s , August 1950 (9 PP«). Supplement: 1939-1950, February 1952
(16 p p .).
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour, and an analysis o f some
fa ctors a ffe ctin g 'tre n d changes.
10.

1.169.

Rubber products (fo r synthetic rubber see "Chemicals and
a llie d products")

Labor P roductivity in the Automobile Tire Industry. Boris Stern.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , 1933, B u ll.
No. 585 (7U P P «).
Records o f 6 major t ir e plants, 1922-31. Technological
changes in the manufacturing processes during the period and
th e ir e ffe c t s upon la b or.

. .

1 170

P roductivity o f Labor in the Rubber Tire Manufacturing Industry.
John D. Gaffey. New York: Columbia U niversity Press, 19^0 (201; p p .).
The tech n ologica l and economic h istory from the standpoint
o f prod u ctivity. Six measurements o f produ ctivity are given
fo r the period 19lii.-37: (1) t ir e s per man-year, (2) t ir e s
per man-hour, (3) tire -m ile s per man-year, (Ii) pounds per
man-hour, (5 ) pounds per man-year and, (6) t ir e m iles per man­
hour.
11.

1.171.

Leather and leather goods

Labor P roductivity and Displacement in the Leather Industry. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
September 1932 (pp. 1*73-U78).
Data on output per man-hour (1923 and 1931) in 5 major branches
o f the industry from plants representing about 55 percent o f the
industry in 1931.

1 .172 . Labor Productivity in Boot and Shoe Making Before the Invention o f
Machinery. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, June 1929 (pp. 1293-1291:).
Based on the 1817-22 diary o f a s k ille d shoemaker and the
1806 tid a l o f the Journeyman Cordwainers o f Philadelphia.




31 1.173•

Labor Productivity in the Boot and Shoe Industry. Boris Stern.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, February 1939 Cpp. 271-292).

U.S.

Factors a ffe c tin g produ ctivity based on a f i e l d study o f 1*3
plants, 1923-36.
1.171*.

Labor P roductivity in the Leather Industry. John R. Arnold. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
July 1937 (pp. 68-77).
Summary o f a study by BLS and WPA fo r the period 1923-35,
based on a survey covering about 51* percent o f the industry.

1.175#

Leather Manufacturings Man-Hour Requirements, 1939—ii6. U .S .
Department o f Labor. Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
October 191*8 (pp. 383-385).
Summary o f report "Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit,
Selected Types o f Leather," published by the Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis tic s

1.176.

Productivity as Seen by the Manufacturer.
A pril 15, 1956 (pp. 27-30).

Boot and Shoe Recorder.

A review o f the National Shoe Manufacturers A ssocia tion 's
stucty- o f the increase in produ ctivity over the past 25 years
stressing the need fo r further increase.
1.177.

Productivity in the Footwear, Except Rubber, Industry. U. S. Depart­
ment o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , August 191*8 (2 p p .). o. p.
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour, 1939-191*7.

1.178.

P roductivity in the Leather Industry. Benjamin D. Kaplan.
and Shoes, February 12, 19h9 (pp. 2i;-25 f f . ) .

Leather

A study covering an 8-year period reveals findings important
to future production methods.
1.179.

P roductivity in the Leather Industry. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , August 191*8 (2 p p .). Some b a sic data
published in the International Shoe and Leather Weekly. V ol. 117>
No. 7, February 12, 191*9 (pp. 20-23). o. p.
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour.




- 32 1.180.

P roductivity in the Shoe Industry. George E. Sadler and Lewis H.
E arl. Leather and Shoes, The International Shoe and Leather Weekly,
February 19, 191*9 (pp. 17-18 f f . ) .
A study covering a 7-year period fo r selected types o f shoes.

1.181.

P roductivity in the Shoe Industry. National Shoe Manufacturers
A ssociation, I n c ., News B u lletin , March 9, 1956 (2 p p .).
Shoe in d u stry's rea l p r o fits as related to produ ctivity
increases and wage increases, 191*7-55.

1.182.

The Shoe Industry's Rising P roductivity, A 30-Year Record and I ts
S ign ifica n ce. Boot and Shoe Workers' Union, AFL-CIO, Economics
Research D ivision, March 1956 (12 p p .).
A study designed to enable the shoe industry to b etter
evaluate i t s produ ctivity record o f progress. Includes
p rodu ctivity trends, 1925-55*

1.183.

Time and Labor Costs in Manufacturing 100 Pairs o f Shoes, 1923. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , July 1921*, B u ll. No.
360 (15U p p .).
Time and labor cost reports furnished BLS by representative
shoe manufacturers located in 9 o f the important shoe-pro­
ducing S ta tes.

1.181*.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit Selected Footwear, 1939—1*5•
Lewis H. Earl and David Schenker. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau
o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , March 191*8 (71 PP*)* Supplements* 1939-1*7*
May 1950 ( 73 P P *)j 191*7-1*8, O ctober 1950 (25 p p . ) ; 1939-50, May 1952
(13 p p . ) .
Man-hours per unit o f product fo r in dividual products and fo r
groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , production
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c ., based on d ire ct plant reports.

1.185.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit Selected Types o f Leather, 19391*6. Benjamin D. Kaplan. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , A pril 191*8 (1*1* p p .). Supplements: 191*6-1*8, March 1950
(15 p p .); 191*8-50, October 1951 (17 p p .); 1950-51, October 1952
(7 p p .) .
Man-hours per un it o f product fo r in dividual products and fo r
groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , production
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c ., based on d ire ct plant reports.




- 33
1.186.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended p er U nit S e le c te d Types o f Luggage,
Frank M. T u cker. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S t a t i s t i c s , August 1950 (11 p p . )•

191*5-1*8.

Man-hours p er u n it o f p rodu ct f o r in d iv id u a l p rod u cts and f o r
groups o f p rod u cts f o r p la n ts grouped b y p la n t s i z e , p ro d u ctio n
method, c a p a c it y u t i l i z a t i o n , e t c . , based on d ir e c t p la n t r e p o r t s .

12.
1.187.

Stone, cla y, and glass products

Cement. Chapter from Minerals Yearbook ( Annual)0 U. S. Department
o f the In te r io r , Bureau o f Mines.
Output in Portland-Cement Industry per man per s h ift and per
hour by type o f operator (Mills fin ish ed Portland-cementj
quarry and crusherj quarry rock handled) by d i s t r ic t . Latest
data given fo r 191*9, in 1952 chapter.

1.188.

Labor Requirements fo r Construction M aterials. Part I . Portland
Cement, B u lletin 888-1, 191*7 (21 p p .) j Part I I . Concrete Masonry
Units, B u lletin 888-2, 19l*7 (16 p p .)j Part I I I . Concrete Pipe,
B u lletin 888-3, 191*7 (8 p p .). U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau
o f Labor S ta tis t ic s .
Variations in man-hours by rate o f operation, plant capacity
and by geographic areas from data c o lle c te d through a f i e l d
study, 191*5 and 191*6.

1.189*

Labor Requirements fo r Gypsum Wall Plaster and Board. Adela L.
Stucke. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, October 19l*7 (pp* 1j53-1*56).
The development o f the gypsum industry and fa cto rs
a ffe c tin g unit labor requirements and the le v e ls o f man­
hours expended in the production o f one ton o f each product*

1.190.

Labor Requirements in Cement Production. Bernard H. Topkis. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, March 1936 (pp. 561*-577)«
The m anufacturing p r o c e s s f o r P ortla n d cement and estim a tes
o f the man-hours r e q u ir e d t o tr a n s p o r t the raw m a te r ia ls and
s u p p lie s and t o produce th e cem ent. The stu dy i s based on
re c o rd s o f 102 p la n ts i n 1931*.




- 31* -

1.191.

Labor Requirements in Cement Production. A lfred W. C o llie r . U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
September 191*6 (pp. 355-363)•
Summary o f "Labor Requirements fo r Construction M aterials,
Part I , Portland Cement," B u lletin 888-1.

1.192.

Labor Requirements in Production and D istribution o f Concrete Masonry
Units and Concrete Pipe. A lfred W. C o llie r . U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, November
191*6 (pp. 681-691).
"Labor Requirements fo r Construction M aterials, Part I I , Con­
crete Masonry Units" and "Part I I I , Concrete P ipe," published
by the Bureau as B ulletins 888-2 and 888-3, are summarized.

1.193.

Labor Requirements* Sand and Gravel and Ready-Mixed Concrete. Adela
L. Stucke. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, June 191*8 (pp. 630-635).
Factors a ffe ctin g unit labor requirements, le v e ls o f man­
hours expended per 100 tons fo r each product and major
operation, and a comparison o f 191*6-1*7 le v e ls with those o f
1937.

1.191*.

Labor Requirements to Produce Home Insulation. Carl R. Taylor and
Benjamin Lavine. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor Sta­
t i s t i c s , 191*7, B u ll. 919 (19 p p .).
Manufacturing processes and man-hours per un it o f product
at each production le v e l, from mining or growing the raw
m aterial to transporting the fin ish ed product fo r 3 types.

1.195.

Mechanization in the Brick Industry. A. J. Van Tassel and D. W.
Bluestone. United States Works Progress Administration, National
Research P roject, June 1939, Report No. M-2 (83 p p .).
Changes in production techniques in the brick industry fo r
the past 50 years. The f i e l d data were c o lle c te d in 1936 in
cooperation with the National Bureau o f Economic Research.

1.196.

Mechanization in the Cement Industry. S. T. Woal and H. Schimmel.
United States Works Progress Administration, National Research
P ro je ct, December 1939, Report No. M-3 (113 p p .).
The major tech n ologica l developments since 1919 and the
e ffe c t s upon labor requirements. Indexes o f man-hour
requirements, 1920-36, by department.




- 35 1.197.

P r o d u c t iv it y and Employment in S e le c te d In d u str ie s* B rick and T i l e .
Miriam E. W est. U n ited S ta tes Works P rog ress A d m in istra tion ,
N a tion a l Research P r o je c t , February 1939, Report No. N-12 (212 p p .).
o. p.
Data based on p la n t r e c o r d s , in c lu d e s a d e s c r ip t io n o f the
in d u s try and the p r o d u ctio n p r o c e s s e s ; l o c a t i o n , s iz e and
number o f p la n ts j volume and tre n d o f employment; trad e o r ­
g a n iz a tio n and p r a c t ic e s ; and p r ic e s and t h e i r e f f e c t s on
p r o d u c t iv it y .

. .

1 198

P r o d u c t iv it y C osts in the Common-Brick In d u str y .

W illiam F. K irk .

U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , October 192it,
B u ll. No. 356 (71 p p «).
Data on man-hour and la b o r c o s t s from the r e c o rd s o f 79 manu­
fa c tu r e r s o f common b u ild in g b r ic k i n 23 s t a t e s , 1922 and 1923.

1.199.

P roductivity in the Cement Industry* 1939-1*9. Daniel J. Swist and
Mary L. K elly. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
July 19^0 (5> p p .). Supplement; 1939-50 (5 PP»).
Indexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, man-hours, output
p e r p ro d u ctio n worker and p er man-hour and an a n a ly s is o f some
f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g tren d changes.

. .

1 200

P roductivity in the Clay Construction Products Industry, 1939-1*8.
Bernard Michael and Mary L. K elly. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , May 1950 (6 p p . ) . Supplements: 1939-1*9,
January 1951 (8 p p . ) ; 1939-50, November 1951 (11 PP»).
Indexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, man-hours, output
p e r p r o d u ctio n worker and p er man-hour and an a n a ly s is o f some
f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g tren d changes.

1 . 201 ,

P roductivity in the Glass Products Group. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , August 191*8 (2 p p .).
In dexes o f p r o d u c tio n , p ro d u ctio n w ork ers, m an-hours, output
p e r p ro d u ctio n w orker and p er man-hour and an a n a ly s is o f some
f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g tre n d changes.

1.202.

P r o d u c t iv it y i n the Portland-Cem ent In d u str y . A. W. F razer and L. A.
E p s te in . U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s ,
M onthly Labor Review, September 191*6 (p p . 355-363).
In dexes o f p r o d u ctio n , employment, m an-hours, p a y r o lls , c a p a c it y
and u n it la b o r c o s t , 1919-1*0, and f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g p r o d u c t iv it y .




- 36 -

1.203.

P roductivity o f Labor in the Glass Industry. Boris Stern. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , 1927, B ull. No. liljl
( 20I4. p p .).
The change from hand
processes in the glass
hour and labor cost by
and blown ware, window

1.20it«

methods to semiautomatic and automatic
industry. Comparison o f output per man­
process fo r b o ttle s and ja r s , pressed
g la ss, and plate g la ss.

P roductivity Trends in the Glass Container Industry, 1935-51* Daniel
J. Swist and Elmer S. P ersigehl. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau
o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , September 1952 (10 p p .).
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour and an analysis o f some
fa ctors a ffe c tin g trend changes.

1.205.

Sand and Gravel. Chapter from Minerals Yearbook (Annual).
Department o f the I n te rio r, Bureau o f Mines.

U. S.

Output in commercial operations per man per s h ift and per
hour by d i s t r ic t .
13.
1.206.

Metal industries

Blast Furnace P roductivity in the United S tates. Ethelbert Stewart.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, June 1928 (pp. 1123-1126).
Indexes o f b la s t furnace output per man-year, 1850-1926, and
the e ffe c t upon employment o f the produ ctivity changes.

1.207.

Cost o f Production: Iron, S teel, Coal, E tc. C arroll D. Wright. U.S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Sixth Annual Report
o f the Commissioner o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , 1890 (lliOli p p .).
Pioneer work on unit labor costs in steelmaking and related
in d u stries.

1.208.

Employment and P roductivity in a Sheet S teel M ill.
Gruener. Downs Printing Co., 1938 (86 pp*).

Jennette R.

Analysis o f problems encountered by one s te e l m ill in order
to discover the changing rela tion s o f various fa ctors such as
production, employment, p rodu ctivity, and labor co sts, 1919-33.




- 37 -

1 .2 0 9 .

Improving P roductivity in a Wire M ill. Charles C. Tappeno. Blast
Furnace and Steel Plant, January 1 9 5 6 , V ol. Uli, No. 1 (pp. 6 9 - 7 2 ) .
The resu lts o f time stu dies, e t c . to meet the demands fo r
increasing prod u ctivity.

1 .2 1 0 .

Labor P roductivity.

G. F. Sullivan.

The Iron Age, January 19^7

(p p . 1 0 9 -1 1 5 ).

Results from a questionnaire survey sent to 653 metalworking
plants, to determine the state o f labor p rodu ctivity in 19^6,
as compared with the prewar le v e l.
1 .2 1 1

Labor P roductivity in Copper R efining. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, November 1 9 2 7
(pp. 30-33).
Based on employment and output data from a large copper
refin in g company in 1918 and in 1927.

1 .2 1 2 .

Man-Hour Productivity in the Blast-Furnace Industry in 1 9 2 9 . U . S .
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
August 1 9 3 2 (pp. 2 6 0 - 2 6 7 ) .
Output per man-hour, unit labor c o s t, and hourly earnings by
State and by size o f plant and fa ctors a ffe ctin g p rod u ctivity.

1.213*

Man-Hours o f Labor per Unit o f Output in S teel Manufacture. Bernard
H. Topkis and H. 0 . Rogers. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, May 1935 (pp. I l 5 5 - l l 6 l ) .
Man-hour requirements fo r semifinished and fin ish ed s te e l
products based on the experience o f 15 representative s te e l
m ills . Labor requirements in manufacturing, mining and trans­
porting the iron ore, co a l, fluxin g agents, and fe r r o a llo y s .

1 .2 1 iu

Man-Hours per Unit o f Output in the Basic S teel Industry, 1 9 3 9 - 5 5 .
Allan D. Searle and S ta ff. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis t ic s , September 1 9 5 6 , BLS B u ll. 1 2 0 0 (J4O p p .).
P roductivity trends, fa ctors such as tech n ologica l change,
volume, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c w h i c h a ffe c t produ ctivity
and concepts and measurement.




- 38 1.215*

Output per Man-Hour in Basic S te e l. Maurice Haven and Allan D. Searle.
U* S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, November 1956 (pp. 1276-1280).
A condensation o f "Man-Hours per Unit o f Output in the Basic
S teel Industry, 1939-55,” BLS B u ll. 1200, 1956.

1.216.

P roductivity in the Alumina and Aluminum Industries: 191*1-191*3, U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , October 19l*3 (5 p p .) .
Indexes o f production, employment, man-hours, p a y ro lls, pro­
d u ctiv ity , and u n it labor co st by months fo r January 191*2July 191*3.

1.217.

P roductivity in the Blast Furnace and Open Hearth Segments o f the
S teel Industry, 1920-1*6. William T. Hogan. New York: Fordham
U niversity Press, 1950 (150 p p .).
S ta tis tic s on output and labor with an evaluation o f impor­
tant tech n ological changes.

1.218.

P roductivity in the Light F lat-R olled Segment o f the Steel Industry.
Thomas F. Walsh. New York: Fordham U niversity Press, 1953 (61* p p .).
An analysis o f one representative plant and conclusions that
may prove applicable to other plants o f th is type.

1.219.

P roductivity in the Primary Staelting and Refining o f Copper, Lead and
Zinc, 1939-1*8. Bernard Michael and Mary L. K elly. U. S. Department
o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , A pril 1950 (6 p p .). Supplements:
1939-1*9, June 1950 (7 p p .)j and 1939-50, June 1952 (7 p p .).
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour and an analysis o f some
fa ctors a ffe c tin g trend changes.

1.220.

Productivity o f Labor in Merchant Blast Furnaces. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , December 1928, B u ll. No. 1*71*
(11:5 p p .).
P roductivity by occupation and by labor groups, by plant in
each region, 1916-23, based on company records.

1 .2 2 1 .

P roductivity o f Labor in the Sheet Department o f the Iron and Steel
Industry. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, January 1932 (pp. 19-26).
Indexes o f average output per man-hour and o f man-hours per
net ton o f output are based on a f i e l d study o f the p rin cip a l
operations in standard sheet m ills , 1925 and 1929.




- 39 1.222.

Productivity Trends in Gray Iron Foundries, 19i|6-50. Theodore .H.
A lle g r i. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, A pril 1952 (pp. UOU—ii06) .
Indexes o f unit man-hours fo r product groups, 19U6-50.

1.223.

The Real Danger o f High Costs. Plato Malozemoff.
Mining Journal, November 19k9 (8 p p .).

Engineering and

Suggested methods fo r reducing costs and increasing produ ctivity
in the nonferrous metal in d u stries.
111.
1.221;.

Machinery (except e le c t r ic a l)

A gricultural Equipment Financing. Howard G. D iesslin . National
Bureau o f Economic Research, Occasional Paper, No. 50, 1953 (95 p p .).
Farm equipment s e llin g , 1920-53* and the relation sh ip between
decrease in farm labor force and increase in prod u ctivity.

1.225.

Construction Machinery, Unit Man-Hour Trends, 19U5-57* George E.
Sadler. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly labor Review, December 19^8 (pp. 618- 619) .
A summary o f "Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit,
Selected Types o f Construction Machinery, 1939-li7,M
published by the Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s .

1 .2 2 6 .

Labor Requirements in P rod u ction and D is t r ib u t io n o f Plumbing and
H eating S u p p lie s . Bernard H. T o p k is. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Monthly Labor Review, June 1938
(p p . 1 3 8 1 -1 3 8 6 ).

The 1935 man-hour requirements fo r the production and d i s t r i ­
bution o f a v a riety o f the plumbing and heating supplies used
in ty p ica l 6-room dw ellings.
1.227.

Man-Hours Expended per Unit: Selected Construction Machinery, 1939
to 19i)5. George E. Sadler. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, July 19ii7 (pp. i|l-ii7)•
Summary o f the r e p o r t , "Trends in Man-Hours Expended p er U n it:
S e le c te d Types o f C on stru ction M achinery, 1939-19U5*"

4 499zz

- 58-4




-

1.228.

1*0

-

Man-Hours Expended per Unit: Selected Machine T ools, 1939-191*5.
Kenneth A. Middleton. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, August 19l*7 (pp* 186-192).
Summary o f the report, "Trends in Man-Hours Expended per
Unit: Selected Machine T ools, 1935-19l*5.N

1.229.

Redesign Pays Off in Higher P roductivity.
A pril 1, 1951* (pp. 11*0-11*2).

W. G. Patton.

Iron Age.

The progress report o f a bu ilder o f sp ecia l machine t o o ls .
1.230.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit: Selected Types o f Construction
Machinery, 1939-191*5. George E. Sadler. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , July 19l*7 (51* p p .). Supplements: 19391*7, January 19l*9 (1*9 p p .)j 191*7-1*8, March 1950 (12 p p .)j 191*8-1*9,
January 1952 (16 p p .)j Selected Types o f Construction and Mining
Machinery, 191*9-50 (12 p p .).
Man-hours per unit o f product fo r individual products and fo r
groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , p rod iction
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c ., based on d ire ct plant rep orts.

1.231.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit: Selected Machine T ools, 1939*
191*5. Kenneth A. Middleton. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis t ic s , June 191*7 (56 p p .). Supplements* 1939-191*7,
November 191*8 (37 PP*)j 191*7-1*8, A pril 1950 ( 9 pp*)j 191*8-1*9, January
1951 (19 p p .)j 191*9-50, June 1952 (5 p p .).
Man-hours per un it o f product fo r in dividual products and fo r
groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , production
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c ., based on d ire ct plant reports.

1.232.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit: Selected Metal Forming Ma­
chinery, 1939-191*9. Matilda Sugg. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , February 1952 (27 p p .).
Man-hours per unit o f product fo r individual products and fo r
groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , production
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c . , based on d ire ct plant rep orts.

1*233.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit: Selected Types o f Indu strial
Equipment, 1939-1*5. George E. Sadler. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , A pril 191*8 (71 p p .)* Supplements: 191*51*7, March 1950 (19 p p .)j 191*7-1*8, A pril 1950 (6 p p .)j 191*8-1*9, Feb­
ruary 1952 ( 9 pp.)s 191*9-50, May 1952 (6 p p .).
Man-hours per u n it o f product fo r in dividual products and fo r
groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , production
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c . , based on d ire ct plant rep orts.




- i+i -

1.231+.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Units Selected Types o f Mining
Machinery, 1939-191+9. John H. Linton and Robert T. Kinsley# U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , February 1952
(I4I4. pp#)# Supplements Selected Types o f Construction and Mining
Machinery, 191+9-50, May 1952 (12 pp.)#
Man-hours per unit o f product fo r individual products and fo r
groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , production
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e tc# , based on d irect plant rep orts.

1.235.

Unit Man-Hour Requirements, Selected Machine T ools, 1939-191+7.
Benjamin D. Kaplan. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, December 191+8 (pp. 6lJ?-6l7).
Summary o f "Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Units
Machine T ools, 1939-191+7#"

1.236#

Selected

Unit Man-Hour Trends in Three Machinery Industries. U. S. Department
o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, June 1950
(pp. 61*5-61+8).
Summary o f three industry reports fo r 19l+7-i+8s Machine T ools,
Industrial Equipment, Construction Machinery, published by the
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s .
15#

1.237#

E le c tr ic a l machinery, equipment and supplies

Labor Requirements in the Manufacture and D istribution o f E le c tr ic a l
Products. Bernard H. Toplfis. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, March 1939 (pp. 559-563).
Man-hours per $1,000 o f e le c t r ic a l machinery, apparatus and
supplies produced and distribu ted in the United States in 1937
fo r 13 major groups o f e le c t r ic a l products.

1.238.

Technological Changes and Employment in the E le ctric Lamp Industry.
Witt Bowden. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
1933, B u ll. No. 593 (62 p p .).
The growth o f the industry and problems o f estimating the
e ffe c t s o f tech n ological changes on employment, 1920-30.
Indexes o f output per man-hour, output, and employment are
included.




1*239*

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit: E le c tr ic a l Equipment and
Supplies, 1939-191*7. Lewis H. Earl and Thayer D. Moss. U. S. Depart­
ment o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , A pril 1900 (1*2 p p .).
Man-hours per unit o f product fo r in dividual products and
fo r groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , pro­
duction method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c . , based on d ire ct
plant reports*

1.21*0,

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit: Home Radio R eceivers, 193919k?* Benjamin D. Kaplan and Walter Hirsch. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , May 1950 (56 p p .) . Supplements:
T elevision and Radio Sets, 191*7-1*9, July 1951 (21 p p .); 191*9-50,
October 1952 (1* p p .).
Man-hours per unit o f product f o r individual products and
fo r groups o f products o f plants grouped by plant s iz e , pro­
duction method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c ., based on d ire ct
plant rep orts.

1.21*1.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit: Household E le c tr ic a l Appliances,
1939-191*7* Benjamin D. Kaplan and Walter Hirsch. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , A p ril 1950 (77 PP*)*
Man-hours per unit o f product fo r individual products and fo r
groups o f products f o r plants grouped by plant s iz e , production
method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e tc * , based on d ire c t plant reports*

1.21*2*

Unit Man-Hour Requirements: Home Radio R eceivers, 1939-1*7. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
May 1950 (p . 517).
Summary o f Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit*
Receivers*

1.2l*3*

Home Radio

Unit Man-Hour Trends, 1939-191*8, Household E le c tr ic a l Appliances*
U* S. Department o f Labor,Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, July 1950 (p p. 122-125).
Summary o f Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit* Household
E le c tr ic a l Appliances, 1939-1*7 and i t s supplement f o r 191*7-1*8*
16*

1.2l*l*«

Transportation equipment

Indexes o f Labor Requirements fo r Selected Shipbuilding Programs*
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , July 191*5 (12 pp*
Indexes o f average man-hour requirements and average time
elapsed between k eel-la yin g and delivery fo r selected types
o f vessels included in the shipbuilding programs o f the Mari­
time Commission and the Navy Department.




1.2U5.

Mechanization Trends in Material Handling, D, J . Davis, Ford Motor
Company, Milwaukee: In du strial M aterials Handling and Packaging
Conference, January 17, 1956,
Ford Motor Company’ s methods o f achieving a higher le v e l o f
produ ctivity through automation and other fa c t o r s ,

1.2U6.

P roductivity Changes in Selected Wartime Shipbuilding Programs.
Allan D, S earle, U, S, Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, December 19U5 (pp. 1132-11U7).
Man-hours per v essel and on time elapsed between keel-layin g
and delivery f o r lib e r ty ships, v ic to ry ships, selected types o f
other cargo v e s s e ls , tankers, and destroyer-escort v e s s e ls . Time
series and learning curves a n a ly sis,

1.2ii7»

P rojecting Labor Loads in A ircra ft Production, P, B, Crouse, Aero
D igest, October 19l*3 (pp, 216-2^3). Also in A ircra ft Production,
August 19k3 (pp. 22—3U)•
The use and e ff e c t o f learning curves as an adjunct to
labor load p rojection in a ir c r a ft manufacture,

1.2U8.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Car: Selected Types o f Railroad
Freight Cars, 1939-19U8. Thayer David Moss, U, S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , November 1950 (23 PP*)#
Man-hours per unit o f product f o r individual products and
fo r groups o f products fo r plants grouped by plant s iz e , pro­
duction method, capacity u t iliz a t io n , e t c . , based on d irect
plant rep orts.

1.2U9.

Wartime P roductivity Changes in the Airframe Industry. K. A, Middleton.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, August 19U5 (p p. 215-225).
Analysis o f the reduction in man-hours per pound o f airframe
fo r individual plants producing various types o f planes, January
19U2 to May 19U5. Time series and learning curves an alysis.
E.

Mining
1.

1.250.

To ta l mining and combinations o f mining industries

Capital and Output Trends in Mining Industries, 1870-19U8. Is r a e l
Barenstein, New York: National Bureau o f Economic Research, 195U,
Occasional Paper U5 (81 p p .).




- uu
A detailed examination o f trends sin ce 1870 in the r a t io o f
ca p ita l output in the mining in dustries o f the United States,
including comparisons o f capital-produ ct r a tio with ca p ita l
per unit o f labor and product per unit o f labor*
1.251. Employment, production, Wage and Safety S ta tis t ic s in the Mining
Industry, 1939-19U6. Washington: U. S. War Production Board and
C iv ilia n Board and C ivilia n Production Administration, A pril 19k7
(189 PP*). o .p .
Data by type o f production on employment, labor turnover,
absenteeism, average weekly hours, average hourly and weekly
earnings; mine accident data; mine production data; primary
smelter and refin ery production; and produ ctivity (output per
worker)*
1*252* Minerals Yearbook (Annual). U. S. Department o f In te r io r , Bureau
o f Mines* Published annually since 1933* Successor to "Mineral
Resources o f the United S tates*"
Includes s t a t is t ic s on produ ctivity fo r various mining
in du stries— coa l, cement, sand and gravel* See lis t in g s
under in dividual products*
1*253. Mining Indu stries, 1899-1939, a Study o f Output, Employment and
Productivity* Harold Barger and Sam Schurr. New Yorks National
Bureau o f Economic Research, 1914s (h$2 p p .).
Indexes o f output, employment and p rodu ctivity f o r t o t a l
mining, t o ta l metal, iron , copper, other nonferrous metals,
t o t a l c o a l, Pennsylvania anthracite, bituminous co a l, o i l and
gas, t o t a l stone, gypsum, and phosphate rock*
l*251i. P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in Selected Mining In du stries:
1935-19U5• U* S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
June
(9 PP*).

19kS

Indexes o f production, employment, man-hours, output per
man-hour, p a y rolls, and u n it labor c o s t f o r an th racite,
bituminous co a l, crude petroleum and natural gas, iron ,
copper, and lead and zinc*
1*255. Trends in Output per Man-Hour in Mining, 1935-191:9. Allan D. Searle
and Harriet S. Taylor* U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s , August 1950 (UO p p .).
Industries include bituminous c o a l, an th racite, copper,
iro n , lead and zin c, crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural
gasoline*




2.
1.256*

Coal mining

An Analysis o f Coal-Mine Labor P rod u ctivity. Ethelbert Stewart.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, December 1930 (pp. 37-39)*
Output per man-day fo r the p rin cip a l mine occupations, by
States, f o r bituminous coal and fo r Pennsylvania anth racite.

1.257.

Bituminous Coal Wages, P r o fits , and P roductivity. Jules Backman.
Prepared fo r Southern Coal Producers A ssociation and presented before
Presidential Coal Board, 1950 (128 p p .).
The c r it e r ia which determine wage changes. Comparison o f rea l
wages in coa l raining and other in d u strie s. The relation sh ip be­
tween wages and produ ctivity in the industry and in the economy
as a whole.

1.258.

Building fo r I960.

Coal Age, September 1956 (pp. 5U-58).

Raising tons per man is discussed by producing organizations
in th e ir plan to meet r is in g co a l demands.
1.259*

Coal— Bituminous and Lignite.

Chapter from Minerals Yearbook (Annual)

D. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines.
Output per man, per day, and per year.
by type o f mine, by State and county.
1.260.

Coal— Pensylvania A nthracite. Chapter from Minerals Yearbook (Annual)
U. S. Department o f the In te rio r, Bureau o f Mines.
Output per man, per day, and per yea r.
data by region and type o f plan t.

1.261.

Trend data and data

Trend data and

Employment in rela tion to Mechanization in the Bituminous Coal
Industzy. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, February 1933 (pp. 256-278).
Productivity changes brought about by the in troduction o f
mechanical loading in a small group o f mines in I l l i n o i s ,
Pennsylvania and Wyoming.

1.262.

Injury Experiences in Coal Mining,
Related Employment, and Production
Department o f the I n te rio r, Bureau
1911-12. Annual b u lle tin , 1913-1*2

Analysis o f Mine Safety Factors,
Data. Annual B u lletin s, D. S.
o f Mines. Technical paper
and from 19U8 forward.

Output per man-hour fo r bituminous co a l and Pennsylvania
anthracite mines.




1.263•

Measuring P roductivity in Coal Mining, 1919-19U8. Charles M. Janes
University o f Pennsylvania Press, Wharton School o f Finance and
Commerce, In du strial Research Department, Research Report No. 13
March 1952, (96 p p .).
P roductivity measurement in bituminous coal mining, and
fa ctors influencing p rodu ctivity, 1919-U8.

1.26b.

Mechanization, Employment and Output per Man in Bituminous Coal
Mining. W. E. Hotchkiss and Others. United States Work Progress
Administration, National Research P ro je ct, August 1939, Report
No. E-9, V ol. 2 (U35 p p .). o. p.
Deals with the introduction o f mechanization fo r loading coal
in to the p it cars underground. Production, employment and net
tons per man-day, 1890-1937.

1.265.

Output per Man-Shift.

Coal Age, November 19b2, V o l. k7 (pp. 69-70)

Tons per man-shift in relation to seam thickness
1.266.

Pond Creek P roductivity upped.
19U7 (pp. 82-85).

J . H. Edwards.

Coal Age, December

Changes in working plans, and tech n ologica l improvements that
have accounted f o r p rodu ctivity increases at Pond Creek C o llie ry
o f Norfolk and Western Railway Company in West V irg in ia .
1.267.

Productivity in the Anthracite Mining Industry, 1935-19b8. Allan D
Searle and Harriet S. Taylor. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis t ic s , A pril 1950 (6 p p .) . Supplement: 1935-50, March
1952 (6 p p .).
Indexes o f production, employment, man-hours, p rodu ctivity and
unit labor requirements, with in flu en cin g fa c to r s .

1.268.

P roductivity in the Bituminous Coal Mining Industry, 1935-19U8.
Allan D. Searle and Harriet S. Taylor. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , May 1950 (8 p p .).
Indexes o f production, employment, man-hours, produ ctivity
and un it labor requirements with influ encing fa cto rs
3.

1.269.

Other mining

Changes in Technology and Labor Requirements in the Crushed Stone
Industry. Harxy S. Kanter and Goeffrey A. Saeger. United States
Work Progress Administration, National Research P ro je ct, February
1939, Report No. K-8 (169 p p .). o .p .




- k7

..

1 270

Technological changes, 1900-1937 in quarrying, underground
mining, and crushing p lan ts. Bureau o f Mines data on employ­
ment, production, and output per man fo r crushed stone oper­
ations by States and fo r the United States as a whole are
presented fo r the years 1915-36.
Labor Requirements in production and D istribu tion o f Sand and Gravel.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, July 1939 (p p. 87-91).
Unit man-hour requirements by type o f operation in 1937 based
on the records o f 2k plan ts.

1.271.

Lead and Zinc Mining and M illing in the United States. C. F . Jacobson,
J. B. Knaebel and C. A. Wright. U. S. Department o f the In te rio r,
Bureau o f Mines, 1939, B u lletin 381 (20li p p .).
Man-hours per ton o f ore treated, by department f o r 7
representative lead and zinc concentrators.

. .

1 272

Mineral Technology and Output per Meui-Studies: Rock D r illin g . C. E.
Nighman and 0 . E. K iesslin g. United States Work Progress Administra­
tio n , National Research P roject, February 19U0, Report No. E -ll
(158 p p .) . o .p .
The p rin cip a l improvements made from 1865 to 1939 in the rock
d r il ls used in metal mining and in quarrying. The influ ence o f
changing d r illin g technology on the volume o f employment, on
occupations and s k ills and on health sa fe ty .

1.273.

Production, Employment and Output per Man-in Gypsum Mining. R. Newcomb
and K. Peterson. U. S. Department o f the In te r io r , Bureau o f Mines,
m is in fo rm a tio n C ircular No. 713U (17 PP»).
Data by States, 1925-38, and fo r the United States^1911-38.
Trends since i860 are in dicated.

1.27U.

Production, Employment, and Productivity in the Mineral Extractive
Industries, 1880-1938. Vivian G. Spencer. Unites States Work
Progress Administration. National Research P ro je ct, June 19U0,
Report No. S-2 (168 p p .) . o .p .
Indexes fo r a l l mineral extra ction , fo r U groups o f industries
and 19 individual in d u strie s.




- U8 1.275*

P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in the Lead and Zinc Mining Industry,
1935-U9* Allan D. Searle and Harriet S. Taylor* U* S, Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , June 1950 (7 pp*) Supplement:
1939-50, March 1952 (8 p p .).
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour and an analysis o f some
fa cto rs a ffe c tin g trend changes.

1.276.

P roductivity in the Copper Ores Mining Industry, 1935-U9. Allan D.
Searle and Harriet S. T aylor. U. So Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S t a t is t ic s , June 1950 (5 p p .)*
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour and an analysis o f some
fa cto rs a ffe c tin g trend changes.

1.277.

P roductivity in the Iron Mining Industry, 1935-U8. Allan D. Searle
and Harriet S. T aylor. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s , May 1950 (6 p p .).
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour and an analysis o f some
fa cto rs a ffe c tin g trend changes.

1.278.

Recent Productivity Changes in Copper Mining0 M. C. Heins and K. A.
Middleton. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, August 19li3 (p p. 258-26U).
Indexes o f production, employment and prod u ctivity, 1935 to
19U2, and fa cto rs a ffe c tin g p rod u ctivity, p a rticu la rly in the
war period .

1.279*

Recent P roductivity Changes in Lead and Zinc Mining. K. A. Middleton.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, December 19U3 (p p . 1116-1122:).
Wartime e ffo r t s to increase p rod u ctiv ity .

1.280.

Technology, Employment, and Output per Man in Copper Mining. S. Leong
and oth ers. United States Work Progress Administration, National
Research P roject, February 19U0, Report No. E-12 (260 p p .)o o .p .
Production, employment, and output per worker, 1880-1936.
Factors a ffe c tin g p rod u ctivity, p a rticu la rly advances in tech­
nology in the mining o f le s s a cce ssib le o re s.




- 1*9 1.281.

Technology, Employment and Output per Man in Iron Mining. N. Yavorski,
and others. United States Work Progress. Administration, National
Research P roject, June 19l*0, Report E-13 (26U p p .). o . p .
Long-time trends in employment, production, and produ ctivity
and fa ctors a ffe c tin g prod u ctivity.

1.282.

Technology, Employment and Output per Man in Petroleum and Natural Gas
Production. 0. E. K iessling and others. United States Work Progress
Administration, National Research P ro je ct, July 1939, Report No. E-10
(31*6 p p .). o . p .
P roductivity indexes in crude petroleum, natural gas, and
natural gasoline production; in petroleum re fin in g ; and in
pipelin e transportation, 1889-1937. Technology and physical
conditions o f operations are discussed.

1.283.

Technology, Employment and Output per Man in Phosphate-Rock Mining.
A. Porter Haskell, Jr. and 0. E. K iesslin g. United States Work Progress
Administration, National Research P ro je ct, November 1938, Report N -l
(130 p p .). o . p.
Employment, production and output per man fo r underground
phosphate rock mines 1922-37 and fo r F lorida Long-Pebble
Phosphate, 1919-37. Technological improvements and fa cto rs
a ffe ctin g p rod u ctiv ity .

F.
1.281*.

Transportation, Communication, and Public U t ilit ie s
Increasing Output per Worker and Decreasing Wage Cost per Unit o f Out­
put. Leo E. K eller. Exhibit No. 10 before the P resident's National
Emergency Board, Washington, D. C ., October 1938 (1*0 p p .) . o . p .
Data fo r ra ilroa d transportation (passenger and fr e ig h t) main­
tenance o f way, telegraphic se rv ice s, and maintenance o f equipment,
based on s t a t is t ic s from Interstate Commerce Commission.

1.285.

Labor P roductivity and Displacement in the E le c tr ic Light and Power
Industry. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, August 1932 (pp. 21*9-259).
Technological changes and th eir e ffe c t s upon la b or, covering
10 representative e le c t r ic power companies or systems.

1.286.

Labor Requirements in Rail Transportation o f Construction M aterials.
S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, October 1937 (pp. 81*6-853).

U.

Man-hours required fo r transportation to building s ite s
in 1935 fo r 16 construction m aterials.




- 50 1.287.

..

1 288

Output and Productivity in the E le c tr ic and Gas U t ilit ie s , 1899-191*2.
Jacob Martin Gould. New York: National Bureau o f Economic Research
191*6 (195 p p .) .
Production, employment and produ ctivity and fa cto rs
underlying the improvement in p rod u ctiv ity .
P roductivity and Displacement o f Labor in Ticker Telegraph Work.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, June 1932 (pp. 1269-1277).
Tables in the New York Stock Exchange Yearbook are used to
derive produ ctivity indexes fo r the years 1890-1930. The
e ff e c t o f the introduction o f the high-speed t ic k e r on employ­
ment in the telegraph industry.

1.289.

P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in the E le ctric Light and Power
Industry, 1917-191*5. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s , July 19U6 (U p p .).
Indexes o f production, t o ta l employment, man-hours, p a y ro lls ,
prod u ctivity, and unit labor c o s t .

1.290.

Productivity and Unit Labor Cost in Steam Railroad Transportation?
1935-191*5. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau of Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
M ay 191*6 (1* p p .) .
Indexes o f produ ctivity and unit labor co st fo r Class I
steam lin e-h au l ra ilroa d s.

1.291.

P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in the Telephone and Telegraph
In du stries: 1935-191*5. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s ,
August 191*6 (5 p p .) . Supplement: 1935-1*7, January
(3 P P .).
Indexes o f production, employment, output per employee,
p a y ro lls , and unit labor c o s t .

1 .292 . P roductivity, Hours, and Compensation o f Railroad Labor, 1933 to 1936.
W itt Bowden. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, July 1937 (p p. 68-77).
Indexes o f output per man-hour f o r Class I railroads and
p rin cip a l terminal companies. Production i s measured in terms
o f rev en u e-tra ffic u n its .
1.293.

Productivity in Railroad Labor. W. H. Dunlap. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review;, March 1927
(p p. 1*71-1*78).
Indexes o f t r a f f i c units per man-hour, 1915-26, fo r a l l
employees and fo r tra in and engine crews.




- 51
1.29U#

Productivity in Railroad Transportation, 1935-51. Bernard Michael#
U. S* Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , June 1952
(12 P P .).
Trends in revenue t r a f f i c (fr e ig h t and passenger) per man-hour
o f work# Indexes o f revenue t r a f f i c , ra ilroa d employees, man­
hours, and revenue t r a f f i c per employee and per man-hour and
fa ctors a ffe ctin g productivity#

1.295#

Productivity in E le c tr ic Energy Generation. C. S. Gody and L. M.
Walsh# U# S, Department o f Labor, Bureau of Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly
Labor Review, January 19l*l* (pp. 25-31.)•
Output o f e le c t r ic energy i s compared with labor employed
at generating sta tion s, 1937-1*2.

1,296#

Productivity in E le c tr ic Energy Generation: 1937-191*2’. U. S#
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , October 19l*3 (6 p p .) .
Indexes o f generating capacity per employee, output per k ilo ­
watt o f capacity, output per employee in terms o f kilow att-hours,
and estimates o f t o t a l employment at generating stations fo r
hydroelectric and fu el plants#

1.297#

P roductivity in the E le c tr ic Light and Power Industry, 1917-191*8•
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , December
19l*9 (7 p p .) . o.p#
Indexes o f production, production workers, man-hours, output
per production worker and per man-hour and an analysis o f some
fa cto rs a ffe c tin g trend changes.

1#298#

Some Considerations in the Measurement o f P roductivity o f Railroad
Workers# Herbert Ashton,, Journal o f P o lit ic a l Economy, October 1938
(pp. 71i*-720).
An analysis o f "Productivity Hours and Compensation o f R ail­
road la b o r ."

1.299#

The Transportation Industries, 1889-191*6: A Study o f Output, Employ­
ment, and P rodu ctivity. Harold Barger. New York: National Bureau
o f Economic Research, 1951 (288 p p .) .
Progress in the industry, types o f transportation, and trends
in output and employment. Indexes o f output fo r steam ra ilroa d s,
e le c t r ic railways, p ip elin e s, waterways, and a ir lin e s .

1.300#

Wartime Labor P roductivity in Railroad Transportation. K. A. Middleton#
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, September 19l*3 (pp. l*l*l*-i*5l) .
P roductivity measures 1935-1*2 and the e ffe c t on produ ctivity
o f u t iliz a tio n o f car capacity, shortages o f new equipment, and
labor s k i l l .




- 52 G.
1.301.

Other Industries

Changing Output per Person Employed in Trade, 1900-19U0. R. R.
G r iffin . Journal o f Marketing, October 19U7, V o l. 12 (p p. 2U2-2U5).
Estimate o f produ ctivity in trade.

1.302.

D istrib u tio n 's Place in the American Economy since 1869. Harold
Barger. New York: National Bureau o f Economic Research, 1955 (222 p p .).
S ign ifican t changes that have taken place in d i s t r ib u t i o n in i t s output o f se rv ice , in i t s share o f the labor fo r c e , in
p rod u ctivity, in co sts , and in re la tiv e importance o f whole­
sale and r e t a il trade.

1.303.

E ffe cts o f Technological Changes Upon Employment in the Amusement
Industry. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
Monthly Labor Review, August 1931 (p p. 261-267).
The e ffe c t o f the introduction o f sound p ictu res on employ­
ment in the industry.

1.30U.

E ffe cts o f Technological Changes Upon Employment in the Motion
Picture Theaters o f Washington, D. C ., U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, November 1931
(p p . 1001-1018).
The employment situ ation in 1931 with analysis o f changes
caused by the in s ta lla tio n o f sound equipment.

1.305.

E ffects on Employment o f the P rinter Telegraph fo r Handling News.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, A p ril 1932 (p p. 753-758).
The e ffe c t s o f the introduction o f prin ter telegraph on
p rod u ctiv ity .

1.306.

Increased Productivity by Integration o f Forest and Wood U tiliz a tio n .
Reavis C. S proull. Paper Industry, May 195U (p p. 139-lUO).
How more than one marketable product can be made from a u n it
o f fo r e s t.

1.307.

Increased produ ctivity in the Construction o f Liberty V essels.
Frances J . Montgomery. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, November 1953 (p p. 861-88U).
Presentation and analysis o f indexes o f unit man-hour
requirements and time requirements f o r vessels delivered,
December 19Ul-April 19h3 *




53

1.308.

Productivity in Government and the Output o f Government S ervices.
Solomon Fabricant. New York: National Bureau o f Economic Research,
In c.jN o. 56, 1952. The Trend o f Government a c t iv it y in the United
States Since 1900 (pp. 8U-111).
Chapter fiv e deals with the government's use o f resources
and the serv ices in to which they are transformed— government' s
p rodu ctivity, and the volume o f services rendered.

1.309.

Productivity o f Labor in Loading and Discharging Ship Cargoes. U. S0
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
February 1931 (p p. 255-283).
Output per man-hour and per gang-hour fo r the handling
o f general cargo and a number o f individual commodities
in the p rin cip al ports o f the United States*

1.310.

Technological Changes and Employment in the U. S. Postal S ervice.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, October 1932 (pp. 7U5-762).
Output per employee between 1908 and 1931 based on number
o f pieces o f mail handled plus sp ecia l service transactions.




SECTION II
PRODUCTIVITY AT THE PLANT IEVEL
2.001*

Boosting Worker Productivity* 250$ in 5 Years. Modern Industry (Now
Dun’ s Review and Modern Industry), September 191*6 (pp. 67-78).
The case h istory o f a small plant in the "Deep South” which has
boosted worker p rod u ctivity, found new markets, improved employee
morale by sound ap p lica tion o f b ig -p la n t methods.

2.002.

Case Study Data on P roductivity and Factory Performance. A s e rie s
prepared fo r the Foreign Operations Administration (now International
Cooperation Adm inistration), P roductivity and Technical Assistance
Division* U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , 1*9
stu dies.
Each o f the reports in th is se rie s presents man-hour require­
ments per u n it o f output during a selected period f o r a small
group o f United States plants manufacturing a s p e c ifie d product.
Each report contains, a description o f the product, the equipment,
and the processes applicable to each plant, as w ell as information
on layou ts, m aterial handling equipment and methods, s ta ffin g
patterns, and operating p o lic ie s . The reports lis t e d in th is
series are designed mainly fo r use in highly in d u stria lized
countries*
Product

Product
No.
Aluminum Ware (63 p p .)
Beet Sugar Refining
(81* p p .)
Brick and T ile (8$ p p .)
C entrifugal Pumps
(59 p p .)
Coal Burning Space
Heaters (110 p p .)
Coarse Cotton Gray
Goods (106 p p .)
Cold Formed Machine Nuts
& Hexagon Nuts (72 p p .)
Combines (159 p p .)
Copper Tube & Brass Rod
(110 p p .)
Cotton T extile Eyeing and
Finishing (151 p p .)
D iesel Engines (177 p p .)
Dome R eflectors (36 p p .)




1*8

O ct.1953

6
1*3

Feb.1953
O ct.1953

69

Oct. 1951*

78

Dec* 1951*

16

Mar. 1953

1*7
13

O ct.1953
Feb. 1951*

81

Mar.1955

66
86

Jun.1951*
Jun.1955
Mar.1952

-mr

Dry E le c tr o ly tic
capacitors (70 pp. ) 15
Farm Implements
52
(2 5l p p .)
Farm Tractors (182 p p )38
F e r tiliz e r s (68 p p .) 63
Fine Cotton Gray Goods
58
(91* p p .).
Five Small Gray Iron
Foundries (188 pp. ) 85
^-Horsepower Induction
Motors (ll|2 p p .)
55
Flourescent Lighting
Fixtures (1*6 p p .)
Fork l i f t Trucks
(120 p p .)
51*
Fractional Horsepower
Motors (169 p p .)
23
Glass Containers
70
(103 p p .)
mm

- 51*

mm

Mar.1953
Apr. 1951*
Aug.1953
May 1951*
Feb. 1951*
Apr.1955
Feb. 1951*
Jan.1952
Feb. 1951*
May 1953
Oct. 1951*

Product

BLS Report Year
No.

Gray Iron Foundries
(lOii p p .)
Hand Tools (106 pp .)
39
Iron s, Hot P lates, & Space
6l
Heaters (211 p p .)
Knit Outerwear (85 p p .)
ho
Knit Underwear (1U2 pp .)
Men’ s Bib Overalls & Men's
Work Jackets (1E>6 p p .)
Men's Dress Shirts (80 p p .) Men's Dress Shoes (71 p p .)
Men's Winter Suits and
Topcoats (26l p p .)
h
Men's Work Pants (65 p p .)
Men’ s Work Shirts (50 p p .)
Metal Containers (95 p p .)
71
Paint and Varnish (90 p p .) 79
Power Laundries (61± p p .)
Processed Foods: Canned
8
Vegetables (7h p p .)
Processed Foods: Preserves,i
57
2.003.

Product

BLS Report Year
No.

Pulp and Paper M ills
(6U p p .)
Aug.1951
Sep.1953 Radio and T elevision Manufacturing (160 p p .)
May 195h Seamless Hosiery
hh
(105 P P .)
Jul.1953
Ju1.1953 School Bus Bodies
(11U PP-)
Jan.1952 Street lig h tin g
Luminaires (57 p p .)
Aug.1951
Aug.1951 3-Pole C ircu it Interupters and Safety
Switches (8U p p .)
67
Jan.1953
Dec.1951 Veneer and Plywood
Dec.1951
(107 p p .)
37
Oct.l95U Women's Dresses
81*
Dec.l95U
(H I PP.)
Dec.1951 Women's Dress ShoesCement Process
(53 p p .)
Feb.1953
Wood Furniture
18
Feb.195U (158 p p .)

Dec.1951
Feb.1952
Jul.1953
Feb.1952
Nov.1952
Ju1.195U
Jul.1953
Apr.1955
Nov.1951
Nov.1951:

Case Stucfy Report on 3 Small Gray Iron Shops. Herman Rothberg.
Modern Castings, January 1956 (pp. 1*1-56). Prepared by U. S. Bureau
o f Labor S t a t is t ic s .
Condensed from the study o f fiv e small gray iron foundries
lis t e d under Case Studies on Plant Operations.

2.00i|.

Cost Savings Through Standardization, S im p lifica tion , and S p e cia li­
zation . Prepared under the d ire ctio n o f M ilton Lipton. A series
prepared fo r Mutual Security Agency, la te r Foreign Operations Adninis tr a tio n (now International Cooperation Adm inistration), P roductivity
and Technical Assistance D ivision. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau
o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , 5 stu dies, o . p.
Each o f the reports presents examples o f application s by
American firms o f the p rin cip les o f standardization reduction
in v a rie ty , s im p lifica tio n and s p e cia liz a tio n through actual
case stu dies. The reports lis t e d are designed to be applied
broadly by m aterials handling in other countries:

449922 0 - 5 8




- 56 Product
Building Industry (182 p p .)
Clothing Industry (57 p p .)
Containers (li2 p p .)

2.0Q5.

Year

Product
E le c tr ic a lly Operated
Household Appliances
(172 p p .)
M aterials Handling
Equipment (125 pp .)

1951*
1951*
1951*

Year

Nov. 1952
195U

E ffectiveness o f Factory Labor* South-North Comparisons. R. A.
Lester. The Journal o f P o lit ic a l Economy* U niversity o f Chicago
Press, February 191*6, V ol. 51* (pp* 60-75)•
Comparison o f se-lected plan ts. The b a sic data were obtained
from a questionnaire answered by 1*7 firms in various manufac­
turing in d u stries.

2.006.

How to Trim Production C osts.
(pp. 51*—5 6 ).

Business Week, November 20, 1951*

P roductivity changes resu lting from ca refu l planning o f
production in product development.
2.007.

How We Can Boost P rodu ctivity.
October 1950 (pp. 68-73).

Factory Management and Maintenance,

The report o f a round table discussion by s ix production experts.
2 .008.

Increasing P roductivity Through S im p lification , Standardization,
S p ecia liza tion . U. S. Economic Cooperation Administration, (now
International Cooperation Adm inistration), Special P rojects Branch,
Technical Assistance D ivision, 1951* o . p .
The f i e ld manual describing the terms, the b e n e fits and
procedures to be follow ed in promoting th e ir a p p lica tion .

2.009.

In du strial P roductivity Handbook.
1*0, No. 5 (682 p p .).

M ill and Factory, May 19l*7, V ol.

Prepared to a s s is t manufacturers in increasing output per man­
hour. Part I shows how p r o d ic tiv ity and the standard o f liv in g
have increased in the United States. Part I I presents statements
o f outstanding leaders o f labor and industry on the importance
o f increased p rod u ctivity. Part I I I deals with methods o f in ­
creasing p rodu ctivity in the p lan t. The fin a l section describes
many types o f in d u stria l equipment, gives numerous case studies
showing how s p e c ific companies increased p rod u ctiv ity .




- 57 2.010*

An Internal Measure o f P roductivity. Council fo r Technological
Advancement, January 15, 1951* CTA B u lletin No. 18 ($ pp. )•
The value o f p rod u ctivity r a tio s at the plant and company le v e l.

2.011.

Measuring Labor's P rodu ctivity. Andrew T. Court. Automotive and
Aviation Industries, March 1, 191*6, V ol. 91* (pp. 17# 1*3-1*!*)•
A General M otors' study o f a plant producing a subassembly
i s given as evidence o f decreased postwar p rod u ctivity.

2.012.

Methods o f Increasing Labor P roductivity in M ulti-Story and Snail
One-Floor Grocery Warehouses. U. S. Department o f A griculture,
Marketing Research D ivision. Marketing Research Report No. ll*2,
November 1956 (1*2 p p .).
Factors a ffe c tin g produ ctivity in re ce iv in g , assembling and
loading operations, and systems used in improving p rod u ctivity.

2.013.

Methods o f Increasing P roductivity in Modern Grocery Warehouses. D .S.
Department o f A g r ic u ltu r e , M arketing Research Report No. 9h, June
1955 (30 p p .).
Discusses produ ctivity increases resu ltin g from application o f
modern techniques in d istrib u tio n .

2.011*.

Modern Industry (now Dun's Review and Modern Industry), August 19l*9«
Complete issu e.
Ideas, methods, and p o lic ie s to stimulate p rod u ctivity. The
a r t ic le s are grouped under the follow in g headings: (1) Pro­
d u ctivity in managing people; (2) P roductivity in production;
(3) Productivity in s e llin g ; and (It) P roductivity in product
development.

2.01$.

Plant Operation Report. A series prepared fo r the Foreign Operations
Administration (now International Cooperation Adm inistration), Pro­
d u ctiv ity and Technical Assistance D ivision. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , 6 studies, 1951* and 1955* o . p.
Each o f the reports in th is series presents man-hour require­
ments per unit o f output during a selected period fo r a small
group o f United States plants manufacturing a s p e c ific product.
Each report contains a d escription o f the product, the equipment,
and the processes applicable to each plant, as w ell as information
on layouts, m aterial handling equipment and methods, s ta ffin g
patterns, and operating p o l ic ie s . The reports li s t e d in t h is series
are designed mainly fo r use in underdeveloped countries*




BLS
Report No.
Concrete Pipe and Block (50 p p .)
Fish Netting (28 p p .)
Meat Processing (6b p p .)
Plows (66 p p .)
Rubber Sole Fabric Shoes (28 p p .)
Small Gray Iron Foundry (LL p p .)

2.016.

88

90
89
68
91
53

Year
June 1955
June 1955
June 1955
Sept 1951*
June 1955
Mar. 1951*

A Plant-Wide P roductivity Bonus in a Snail Factory. Thomas Q. G ilson,
and Myron J. Lefcow itz. Indu strial Labor and Relations Review,
January 1956 (pp. 281*-296).
Study o f an unsuccessful case o f group incentive plans to pro­
vide fo r the sharing o f gains to improve p rodu ctivity in a small
New Jersey ceramic plan t.

2.017.

P roductivity in Chemical Plant Maintenance. Lyman A. Darling and Hugh
A. B ogle. Chemical Engineering Progress, March 1951* (pp. 161-163).
The resu lts o f a methods-time-measurements study.

. .

2 018

P roductivity in the Chemical Industry. R. F. Brockart.
Engineering Progress, A pril 1951* (pp. 173-176).

Chemical

Measuring produ ctivity in a chemical plant and the need fo r
further improvement.
2.019.

..

2 020

..

2 021

P roductivity on the Upgrade.
(p . 13 f f . )

Betty Savesky.

Commerce, September 19l*9

Industry's drive fo r more output-per-»an-hour through use o f
b e tte r to o ls and equipment and improved,methods.
The Proper Approach and Solution to Wage Incentive Plan Problems*
W. C. Zinck. Advanced Management, February 1951* (pp. 2l*-27).
Several solu tion s on how wage incentives may be applied to
s p e c ific situation s by a firm .
Scale o f Output and Technical Organization o f the Firm. F. E.
Balderston. The Quarterly Journal o f Economics, February 1955, V ol.
69 (pp. 1*5-70).
The d i f f ic u l t i e s in current theory o f output determination,
em pirical te sts o f optimum scale and economies, and diseconomies
o f s c a le .




2.022.

S ocio-P sych ological Factors in P rod u ctivity. R. M arricott. Occupa­
tio n a l Psychology, Januaxy 1951, V ol. 25, No. 1 (pp. 15-2U ).
Case studies o f fou r fa c to r ie s .

2.023.

Uses o f P rod u ctivity Data in American Manufacturing Establishm ents.
George E. Sadler and Walter H irseh. U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s , July 19U9 (17 PP*)*
Findings o f a survey on the use o f p rod u ctivity data by
American in d u stria l establishm ents, prepared fo r AngloAmerican Council on p rod u ctiv ity .

2.02U*

What Are Present In d u strial P rodu ctivity Trends? M ill and F actory,
May 1953 (pp. 6 7 -7 0 ).
A survey o f in d u stria l firm s o f a l l types and s iz e s , presenting
some o f the p rod u ctiv ity trends apparent in American business
today.

2.025.

What is Happening to Labor P rodu ctivity? M ill and Factory Survey,
M ill and Factory, March 1956 (pp. 71-7U).
A survey o f in d u stria l firm s o f a l l types and s iz e s , high­
lig h ts the trends in la bor p rod u ctiv ity .

2.026.

The W ill to Work:
P h illip s Bradley.

The Greatest Resource o f American Industry.
Advanced Management, June 19U8, V ol. 13 (pp* 6 5 -7 2 ).

Means by which the worker can be induced to s triv e fo r greater
p rod u ctiv ity .




SECTION III
INTERNATIONAL
(Largely a section on in tern a tion al comparisons but a lso contains
American p u blica tion s pertain ing to sin gle foreig n co u n trie s.)
3.001.

A gricu ltu ral P rod u ctivity and Economic Development in Japan. B. F.
Johnston. Journal o f P o lit ic a l Economy, December 1951 (pp. *4-98-513) •
Factors responsible fo r a doubling o f labor p rod u ctiv ity in
agricu ltu re from 1885 to 1915 in Japan, and a comparison o f
th is rapid progress with that in the United Kingdom.

3.002.

American P rod u ctivity and the D ollar Payments Problem. E. M. B ernstein.
Review o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s , May 1955> V ol. 37 (pp. 101-109)•
E ffe cts o f increased American p rod u ctiv ity on the payment
problems o f other cou n tries. The study re la te s p rod u ctiv ity
to com petitive c o s ts , United States exp orts, and im ports, and
terms o f tra d e.

3.003*

American Unions and U. S. P rod u ctivity.
(pp. 620- 621) .

The S ta tis t, November 1*4, 1953

Factors which make United States in d u stria l p rod u ctivity
higher than that in any European country, emphasizing the
great in flu ence o f unions’ attitu de in ra isin g th is le v e l.
3.00*4.

Anglo-American P rod u ctivity D ifferen ce: Their Magnitude and Some
Causes. Marvin Frankel. American Economic Review, May 1955> V ol. XLV
(p p. 99 -13 8).
Compares p rod u ctiv ity in 30 in du stries in the 2 cou n tries,
describin g methods employed and the lim ita tion s o f the fin d in g s,
designed to throw lig h t on the problem o f what determines the
p rod u ctiv ity o f any economy.

3.005.

Anglo-American P rod u ctivity Team R eports. New York:
American Council on P rod u ctiv ity . 50 Case Studies:

The Anglo-

The Anglo-American C ouncil on P rod u ctivity was formed in
the autumn o f 19*48 on the in it ia t iv e o f S ir S ta fford C ripps,
the Chancellor o f the Exchequer in B rita in , and Mr. Paul
Hoffman, the Economic Cooperation Adm inistrator in the
United S ta tes. I t was composed o f represen tatives o f manage­
ment and labor both in the United States and in the United
Kingdom. The purpose o f the cou n cil was to promote economic
w ell-b ein g by a fre e exchange o f knowledge in the realm o f
in d u stria l organ ization , method, and technique and thereby




- 60 -

- 61 -

to a ssist B ritish industry to raise the le v e l o f prod u ctivity.
The p rin cip a l means adopted to achieve th is end was to send to
America in d u stria l teams, the members o f which were drawn in
equal numbers from the supervisory, the te ch n ica l, and the
workshop le v e ls . The business o f the teams was to study
American production methods, to report th e ir observations and
findings and to make recommendations. The a c t iv it ie s o f the
cou n cil and the work of the United States section came to an
end on June 30, 1952. The team reports were published by the
Anglo-American Council, London and Hew York as fo llo w s:
Product
The Brass Foundry (173 p p .)
Brushes (5k p p .)
B uilding ( 8 l p p .)
Cake and B is c u its (68 p p .)
Coal (107 p p .)
Cotton Spinning (121 p p .)
Cotton Weaving (o2 p p .)
Cotton Yarn Doubling (88 p p .)
D iesel Locomotives (51 p p .)
Drop Forging (56 p p .)
Education f o r Management
(86 p p .)
E le c t r ic Motor C ontrol and
Small Airbreak Switch
Gear (ko p p .)
E l e c t r ic it y Supply (129 p p .)
Food Canning (86 p p .)
Footwear (190 p p .)
Freight Handling (58 p p .)
F ru it and Vegetable
U t iliz a t io n (56 p p .)
Furniture (73 PP*)
The Hop Industry (113 PP*)
H osiery and Knitwear (52 p p .)
Hot Dip Galvanising o f
General Work (57 PP*)
In tern a l Combustion Engines
(83 PP*)
Iron and S te e l ( 1 U7 p p .)
L etterpress P rin tin g (78 p p .)
Lithographic P rin tin g
(120 p p .)
Management Accounting
(7 1 p p *)




Year
1951
1951
1950
1952
1951
1950
1950
1950
1950
1950

1951
1950
1950
1952
1951
1951
1952
1952
1951
1951
1951
1950
1952
1951
1951

1950

Product

Year

M aterials Handling in Industry
(52 p p .)
1950
Meat Packaging and P rocessing
(72 p p .)
1951
Men's and Youths' F a ctoryT a ilo re d C lothing ( 8 k p p .)
1950
Metal F inishin g (75 PP*)
1951
N on-ferrous Metals (Wrought)
(96 p p .)
1951
Packet Foods ( 7 I PP*)
1951
Packaging (58 p p .)
1950
Pharmaceuticals (669 p p .)
1951
Pressed Metals (52 p p .)
1950
P ro d u ctiv ity in Farming(1+3 pp.)1951
P ro d u ctiv ity Measurement in
B r itis h Industry (38 p p .)
1950
Rayon Weaving (65 p p .)
19^9
R igid Boxes and C artons (38 pp.)1951
Saving Scarce M aterials(28 pp.;1951
S im p lific a tio n in B r itis h
Industry (13 p p .)
1950
S im p lific a tio n in Industry
(12 p p .)
19^9
S te e l C onstruction (70 p p .)
1952
S te e l Founding (108 p p .)
19%)
Superphosphate and Compound
F e r t iliz e r s (66 p p .)
1950
T raining o f Operatives (52 p p .)l9 5 1
T raining o f S u pervisors (56 p p .)l9 5 1
U n iv e rsitie s and Industry
(29 PP*)
1951
V alves, S te e l, Iron and Nonfe rro u s ( 6 k p p .)
1951
Welding ( 7 ^ p p .)
1951

-

3 . 006.

62

Approaches to Economic Development. Norman S. Buchanan and Howard
L. E llis . New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1955 (*i9*i p p .)•
A chapter on "Resouces and Their P rod u ctivity in Under­
developed A reas,” is in cluded.

3.007.

B ritish and American Exports. G. D. A. MacDougall. Economic Journal,
December-1951, V ol. 6l (pp. 697- 72*1) , and September 1952, V ol. 62
(pp. 1»87-521).
E ffe cts o f p rod u ctiv ity , wage ra te s , and t a r i f f le v e ls on
com petitive power.

3.008.

B ritish and American Manufacturing P rod u ctivity: A Comparison and
In terp reta tion . Marvin Frankel. U niversity o f I llin o is B u lle tin ,
January 1957 (130 p p .).
A comparison o f b a sic postwar p rod u ctiv ity data fo r 3*1 manu­
fa ctu rin g in d u stries. The s t a t is t ic a l rela tion sh ip s between
p rod u ctiv ity d iffe re n ce s and other v a ria b les, and an in te r ­
p reta tion o f the fin d in g s.

3.009.

B ritish and American P rod u ctiv ity . G. M. Clark, J r . and S. R. Clark.
Journal o f the In stitu te o f Personnel Management, September-October
1951 (PP- 230-238).
Factors leading to higher p rod u ctiv ity in the United States
as compared with B rita in , based on reports by the A ngloAmerican p rod u ctiv ity teams. Several th eories are advanced
and discu ssed.

3.010.

B ritish E ffo rts to Increase P rod u ctivity. Jean A. F lexner.
U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
December 1950 (pp. 70*1-706).
Various means employed by the B ritish to measure and increase
p rod u ctiv ity in Great B rita in . The a c t iv it ie s o f the A ngloAmerican P rod u ctivity C oun cil, the B ritish In stitu te o f Manage­
ment, and the Trades Union Congress.

3.011.

B ritish v s . American P rod u ctivity. Gertrude Deutsch. N ational
In d u stria l Conference Board, Conference Board Business Record,
November 19*17, V ol. *1 (pp. 317-321).
P rod u ctivity comparisons fo r the follow in g in d u stries:
cotton , boots and shoes, apparel, fu rn itu re, w ool, and
co a l mining.




- 63 3.012.

Can Europe Use American Methods? Andre S ie g frie d .
July 1952, V ol. 30 (pp. 660-668).

Foreign A ffa ir s ,

A Frenchman analyzes the fa cto rs in flu en cin g in d u stria l
production in the United States and evaluates them in terms
o f th e ir a p p lic a b ility in Europe.
3.013.

Coal Mining Since N ation alization : Great B rita in . Jean A. F lexner.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, January 1950 (pp. 1 9 -2 5 ).
The recovery o f prewar p rod u ctiv ity in B ritish mines, and
the part n ation al ownership contributed through clo s e r nego­
tia tio n s with trade unions.

3.014.

Comparative Economic Development: Canada and the United S ta tes.
John H. Young. American Economic Review, May 1955, V ol. 45 (pp. 8o-93)«
Economic comparisons to throw lig h t on the question:
What determines the p rod u ctivity o f an economy?

3.015.

Comparative P rod u ctivity in B ritish and American Industry. Laszlo
R ostas. U niversity P ress, Cambridge, England. New York: Macmillan
C o ., O ccasional Paper No. 12 at the N ational In stitu te o f Economic
and S ocia l Research, 1948 (263 p p .).
An analysis o f the large discrepan cies between p rod u ctivity
in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing in d u stries in the two
countries with emphasis on the need fo r a ction to increase
output per man-hour in B ritish fa c t o r ie s , and on the need fo r
fu rth er in v estig a tion o f in tern ation comparisons o f p ro d u ctiv ity .

3.016.

The Conditions o f Economic P rogress.
& C o., 19*iO (504 p p .).

C olin Clark.

London:

Macmillan

Data fo r the p rin cip a l cou n tries o f the world developing
various per cap ita output measures.

3 .01 7 .

The Conditions o f Economic P rogress.
& C o ., 1951 (584 p p .).

C olin Clark.

London:

Macmillan

Expanded version o f the book by the same author published
in 19*K).

3.018.

Cotton T ex tile Wages in the United States and Great B rita in , a Com­
parison o f Trends, 1860-1945. Roland Gibson. London: Kings Crown
P ress. Labor P rod u ctivity, 1948 (pp. 13-27).
A presentation o f measures o f ( l ) value o f gross output per
man-hour and ( 2 ) value added by manufacture rela ted to man-hours,
and a discu ssion o f new inventions and organization o f the work
force.




-

3.019.

61:

-

C risis o f Soviet C apitalism . G ilbert Burck and Sanford S. Parker.
Fortune, February 1957 (pp. 102-107 f f . ) .
Includes a table on Russian p rod u ctiv ity as percentage
o f United States p rod u ctiv ity .

3.020.

D iffe r e n tia l Rates o f P rod u ctivity Growth and In tern ation al
Imbalance. J . M. L etich e. The Quarterly Journal o f Economics,
August 1955» V ol. 69 (pp. 371-1*01).
The rela tion sh ip between p rod u ctiv ity growth and in te r ­
n ation al imbalance.

3.021.

D istrib u tion o f Gains from R ising Technical E fficie n c y in Progressing
Economics. Mordecai E zek iel. Address b efore the American Economic
A ssocia tion , December 29, 1956.
P rod u ctivity changes in highly in d u stria lized countries
as illu s tr a te d by the United States fo r agricu ltu re and
manufacturing in d u stries.

3.022.

Does P rod u ctivity Rise Faster in the United States? G. D. A.
MacDougall. Review o f Economics and S t a tis t ic s , May 1956
(pp. 155-176).
A d is c u s s io n o f p r o p o r tio n a te r a t e s o f p r o d u c t iv it y
growth i n th e U nited S ta te s and th e r e s t o f th e w o rld ,
w ith tren d t a b le s f o r s e le c t e d c o u n tr ie s on s p e c i f i e d
econom ic f a c t o r s .

3.023.

Economic Development and P rod u ctivity A n alysis: The Case o f S oviet
Metalworking. David Granick. Quarterly Journal o f Economics,
May 1957, V ol. LXXI (pp. 205-233).
Explores the th e sis that in d u stria l development in an
underdeveloped country can be undertaken with the most
modern techniques and the interm ediate steps o f develop­
ment can be elim inated.

3.021*-.

Economic Development o f Underdeveloped C ountries. New York: United
Nations O rganization. Working paper by Secretary General, United
Nations Economic and S ocia l C ouncil, May 195^ (50 p p .). AI60 Report
o f May 18, 1953J and in Current H istory, November 1953 (pp. 312-317).




E ffo rts toward ra isin g p rod u ctiv ity in industry.

-

3.025.

65 -

Europe*s Competitive Challenge to American P rod u ctivity. F rederic
S. B la ck a ll, J r . Time Study and Methods Conference o f the S ociety
fo r Advancement o f Management and the American S ociety o f Mechanical
Engineers, New York, A p ril 28, 1955* Mechanical Engineering,
October 1955 (p p. 872- 87U).
United States manufacturing cost as rela ted t o that o f
European cou n tries, the n ecessity o f m aintaining adequate
t a r i f f law s, and the lack o f a guarantee that we maintain
our p rod u ctivity su p eriority .

3.026.

Europe Today and in i 960. Eighth Annual Report o f the Organization
fo r European Economic Cooperation. A p ril 1957, V ol. I (120 p p .)j
V ol. n (152 p p .).
Contains fig u res on the growth o f Gross N ational Product
per man-hour in a l l member countries from 1950- 55*

3 .0 2 7 .

The lU T o o ls o f th e Marshall. P lan P r o d u c t iv it y Program. U. S . Economic
C oop era tion A d m in is tra tio n , (now I n te r n a t io n a l C oop era tion A d m in istra­
t i v e ) , 1950 (20 p p . ) .

•'Tools" (p oin ts o f con ta ct, types and sources o f informa­
tio n u t iliz e d , e t c .) , fo r ra isin g p rod u ctiv ity in the Marshall
Plan cou n tries.
3.028.

From Recovery Towards Economic Strength. European P rod u ctivity
Agency, Organization fo r European Economic C ooperation, March 1955,
Sixth R eport, V ol. I (258 p p .)j V ol. I I (256 p p .).
Chapter on trends in output per man-hour in manufacturing
and extra ctive in d u stries from prewar to 195^ fo r the United
States and 7 European cou n tries.

3.029.

In d u stria l Production, P rod u ctivity and D istribu tion in B rita in ,
Germany and the U. S.~ Laszlo R ostas. The Economic Journal, A p ril
19^3, V o l. 53 (PP. 39-5*0 •
An attempt to measure the scope, stru ctu re, and the pro­
d u ctiv ity o f manufacturing in du stries o f B rita in , Germany
and the United S tates.

3.030.

In d u stria l P rod u ctivity Growth in Europe and in the U. S.
Economica, November 195^, V ol. 21 (pp. 308-319)♦

A. Maddison.

An estim ate o f the degree to which the d isp a rity between
America and Europe has been in creasin g in the past 15 years,
and some ten ta tive suggestions about the fu tu re.




-

3 .0 3 1 .

66

-

I n d u s t r ia l P r o d u c t iv it y i n Great B r ita in and the U nited S t a t e s .
A. W. F lu x. Q u a rterly Jou rn a l o f E conom ics, November 1933, V o l. lj.8
(p p . 1 - 3 8 ) .
Sources o f d a ta , methods o f measurement, tren ds and com parisons.

3 .0 3 2 .

I n t e r n a t io n a l Comparisons o f P r o d u c t iv it y . L a szlo R o s ta s .
I n t e r n a t io n a l Labor R eview , September 19u8, V o l. 5 8 , No. 3
(p p . 2 8 3 -3 0 5 ).
Compares p r o d u c t iv it y and r e a l income in U nited S ta te s and
United Kingdom f o r p re-W orld War n y ea rs f o r s e le c t e d in d u s t r ie s .

3 .0 3 3 .

I n t e r n a t io n a l D iffe r e n c e s in P r o d u c t iv it y and in P lant S iz e . Marvin
F ra n k el. P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement Review , February 1957, No. 8
(p p . 1 1 -2 1 ).
Comparison o f p r o d u c t iv it y f o r 29 m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s
by s i z e o f p la n t in U nited S ta te s and G reat B r it a in .

3 .0 3 k .

I n t e r n a t io n a l S t a t i s t i c s o f P rod u ction and Per C apita Output o f C oa l.
U. S . Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Monthly Labor
R eview , January 1926 (p p . 1 2 5 -1 3 0 ).
Data on p r o d u c tio n , employment, d u ra tio n o f s h i f t , and output
p er m a n -sh ift fa r c o a l-p r o d u c in g d i s t r i c t s in Germany, France,
Great B r it a in , Belgium , The N etherlands, C zech oslov a k ia and
Poland, and the U nited S t a t e s , 1913-1925.

3 .0 3 5 .

Labor and th e P r o d u c t iv it y Is s u e in W estern Europe. Labor and
N ation, Summer 1951, V o l. 7 , No. 3 (p p . 9 - 2 5 ) .
(No lo n g e r
p u b lis h e d ).
Seven a r t i c l e s d e a lin g with the purposes and problem s o f
Economic C oop eration A d m in istra tion P r o d u c t iv it y D rive in
E urope: M arion H. Hedges, Economic C oop eration A d m in istra tio n ;
S o l . D. O zer, Economic C ooperation A d m in istra tio n ; M aurice
Bouladoux, E x ecu tiv e O f f i c e r o f C h ristia n Workers* Union,
p ra n ce ; Nelson Cruikshank, Economic C oop eration A d m in istra tion ;
John M. Carmody, Economic C ooperation A d m in istra tio n ; W illiam
Gomberg, in t e r n a t io n a l L adies Garmavt Workers* u n ion ; and
Andre C oret, p r e s id e n t o f the Young Employers* Trade A s s o c ia tio n
o f F ran ce.

3 .0 3 6 .

Labor Costs i n the Coal In d u stry in V a riou s C o u n trie s. U. S.
Department o f L abor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Monthly Labor
R eview , June 1938 (p p . 1 3 8 6 -1 3 9 0 ).
Comparison o f U nited S ta te s output o f c o a l per m a n -s h ift,
1935, w ith th a t o f 7 European c o u n t r ie s . In dexes f o r United
S t a t e s , 1927-36.




67
3.037*

Labor Costs in the United States Compared with Costs Elsewhere.
F. W. Taussig. The Quarterly Journal o f Economics, November 192^
(pp. 96-llA ).
Comparison o f quantity o f labor per unit o f output fo r
selected manufacturing in du stries between United States
and various other cou n tries.

3 . 038.

Labor P rod u ctivity and the Soviet Challenge. Irvin g H. S ie g e l.
M ill and F actory, March 1952, V ol. 50 (pp. 79*83)•
The e ffe ctiv e n e ss o f the Soviet drive to increase output
per man-hour, with United States comparisons.

3.039.

Labor P rod u ctivity in Soviet and American Industry. W alter Galenson.
New York: Columbia U niversity P ress, 1955 (273 PP»)«
Development o f labor p rod u ctivity in a number o f Soviet
in du stries since 1928, p rod u ctiv ity compared with th e ir
United States counterparts, and some general conclusions
on comparative labor p rod u ctiv ity .

3.0iK).

Labor P rod u ctivity in the Soviet Union. Irvin g H. S ie g e l. Journal
o f American S ta tis tic a l A ssocia tion , March 1953, V ol. f e , No. 261
(pp. 65- 78) .
The impact o f the in cen tive-pay plan, s o c ia lis t com petition
and other featu res o f Soviet l i f e on labor p rod u ctivity in
comparison with labor p rod u ctivity o f advanced c a p ita lis t
cou n tries.

3.0^1.

Labor P rod u ctivity o f the Cotton T ex tile Industry in Five L atin American C ountries. New York: United Nations O rganization,
Department o f Economic A ffa ir s , 1951 (293 PP*).
The cotton spinning and weaving industries o f B r a z il,
C h ile, Ecuador, M exico, and Peru are studied to assess
in d u stria l p rod u ctiv ity , to compare i t with standards
based on the experience o f h ighly in d u stria lized cou n tries,
and to analyze the fa cto rs which bear upon i t .

3.0^2.

The Logic o f B ritish and American Industry. P . Sargant F lorence.
London: Rutledge and Kegan Paul, L td ., 1953 (368 p p .).
An analysis o f economic structure and government in the
two cou n tries, including a chapter on the meaning, mechanism
and measures o f e ffic ie n c y in industry.




68
3.0*43.

More P r o d u c t iv it y f o r E urope. Modern In d u stry (now Dun's Review and
Modem I n d u s t r y ), November 1951 (p p . 5 8 -5 9 )*

The Mutual S ecu rity Agency P rod u ctivity A ssistance Drive
in Europe, purposes and how i t operates.
3.0*4*4.

New P rod u ctivity fo r the West. T. H. W hite.
December 1951, V ol. *40 (pp. 7 5 6 -7 5 8 ).

Management Review,

The p rin cip a l hindrances to rapid progress in ra isin g
Europe's p rod u ctiv ity .
3.0*45.

Number o f Shops and P rod u ctivity in R eta il D istribu tion in Great
B rita in , the United States and Canada. Margaret H all and John Knapp.
The Economic Journal, March 1955 (pp. 7 2 -8 8 ).
Comparison o f the structure and p rod u ctiv ity o f the
B ritish d istrib u tiv e trades with those in North America.

3.0*46.

O rg a n iza tion and T echn ology in S o v ie t M etalw orking: Some C o n d itio n in g
F a c t o r s . David G ran ick . American Economic Review , Papers and P ro­
ceed in g s o f the S ix t y -n in th Annual M eeting, May 1957, V o l. XLVII,

(pp. 631- 6^2 ) .
Improvements in p rod u ctiv ity in the Soviet metalworking
industry by use o f u p -to-date procedures.
3.0*47.

Output o f Coal Miners in Great B rita in and Various Other C ountries.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, September 1922 (pp. 612- 613) .
Average output per man-year in the p rin cip a l co a l producing
countries o f the w orld, 1885- 1921.

3.0*48.

Output per Man-Hour in French Industry, 1938-^7* U. S. Department
o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, July 19*48
(pp. *4*4-*45).
Indexes o f output per man-hour, in d u stria l production,
and employment.

3.014-9*

Partners in P rod u ctiv ity ; Shoe F actory, France.
Readers D igest, July 195*4 (pp. 1*45- 1*48) .

0 . K. Armstrong.

A French shoe manufacturer demonstrates unique methods
o f creatin g b ette r employee-employer rela tion s and thereby
doubling p rod u ctiv ity .




- 69
3.050.

Plant Level P rod u ctivity in French and American Shoe Manufacturing.
Kenneth G. Van Auken, J r . U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, July 1953 (PP* 1 -3 ) •
Output per man-hour by p rice o f shoe groups, and by
departments w ithin a shoe fa cto ry .

3.051.

Postwar Growth in S oviet Labor P rod u ctiv ity . U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, May 1956
(pp. 556-557).
Review o f the d ire ctiv e s o f the S oviet Union on the
Sixth Five Year Plan, 1956- 60, published in Pravda,
January 15 and March 21, 1956.

3.052.

P ra ctica l Methods o f Increasing P rod u ctivity in Manufacturing
In d u stries. In tern ation al Labour Review, A p ril 1953 (PP* 318-339)*
The conclusions reached by a meeting o f experts on
P rod u ctivity in Manufacturing Indu stries held under the
auspices o f ILO in Geneva 1952.

3.053.

P rice s , Wages and In d u stria l P rod u ctivity in A u stralia and New Zealand.
E. Lerdau and J . Rowe. Quarterly Journal o f Economics, February 195^>
V ol. 67 (pp. 156- 165) .
Compares the unit p rices o f products in A u stralia and
New Zealand fo r 17 in d u stries. Evaluates the assumption
that a country w ill export a product to another country
when the r a tio o f output per worker to money wage rate
is greater thail in that other country.

3.05^.

Production Functions and B ritish Coal Mining.
Econometrica, October 1955 (pp. bk2-kh6 ) .

C. E. V. Leser.

Estimating the e la s t ic it ie s o f output with regard to
labor and mechanization in B ritish co a l m ining, 19^3-53*
3.055.

P rod u ctivity and Economic Development in Latin America. Jorge Franco.
In tem a tion a l Labour Review, November 1955 (pp» 367- 38^ ).
Analyzes p rod u ctivity problems o f sp ecia l importance to
Latin America and suggests means o f ra isin g p rod u ctivity
in order to speed up the economic development o f the
region .




70
3.056.

P rod u ctivity and the Worker - - P rod u ctivity in Coal Mining Discussed
by ILO Committee. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s , Monthly R eport, Developments o f Labor P rod u ctiv ity ,
March 1954, No. 15 (pp. 1 3 -l6 ). Prepared in cooperation w ith the
Foreign Operations Adm inistration (now Intern ational Cooperation
A dm inistration).
A study o f p rod u ctiv ity problems in various cou n tries,
taken from P rod u ctivity in Coal Mines, Coal Mine Committee
ILO, D useldorf, Germany; United Mine Workers Journal,
January 1, 1954, page 11.

3.057.

P rod u ctivity Comparisons Between some American and English Shoe
F a ctories. A. D. Murray. B u lletin o f the B ritish B oot, Shoe and
A llie d Trades' Research A ssocia tion . August 1951 (pp* 241-243).
Data fo r United States based on a survey o f fou r
American shoe fa c t o r ie s .

3.058.

P rod u ctiv ity , Employment and Living Standards. Ewan Clague.
Statement b efore the Conference on P rod u ctiv ity , U niversity o f
W isconsin In d u stria l R elations Center, June 4 , 1949. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a tis t ic s , 1949 (8 p p .).
Comparisons o f liv in g standards in United States with
those in other countries and fo re ca st o f tech n olog ica l
advancement in United S ta tes.

3.059.

P roductivity in an Expanding Economy. A. Maddison.
Journal, September 1952, V o l. 62 (pp. 584-594),

Economic

The con tribu tion o f p rod u ctiv ity in creases to the
remarkably rapid rate o f growth o f the Canadian economy
over the past two decades.

3.o6o .

P rod u ctivity in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United S tates.
A. Maddison. Oxford U n iversity, Economic Papers (new s e r ie s ).
London: -B a s il B lackw ell & M otts, L td ., October 1952, V ol. 4
(pp. 235-242).
Comparisons o f le v e ls o f p rod u ctiv ity in certa in
in d u stries.

3 . 061.

P rod u ctivity in Canadian Manufacturing. A. Maddison. Canadian
Journal o f Economic and P o lit ic a l S cien ce, May 1953# V ol. 19
(p p. 222- 226) .
Comparison fo r selected in d u stries in Canada and the
United S ta tes, 1935-48.




- 71

3 . 062. P rod u ctivity in Manufacturing in the Postwar Period in Canada,
Western Europe, and the United S ta tes. Francis W. Dresch.
Stanford: Stanford U niversity Research In s titu te , September 1953
(26 p p .).
A comparison o f p rod u ctiv ity in 11 Western European
cou n tries, Canada,and the United S ta tes, 19^7-50.

3 . 063.

P rod u ctivity in Puerto R ico. Simon Rotteriberg. Paper fo r meeting
o f American S ta tis tic a l A ssocia tion , Boston, M ass., December 27, 1951
(18 p p .).
Puerto R ico’ s need fo r increased p rod u ctiv ity to a ttra ct
c a p ita l. Compares p rod u ctiv ity le v e ls in Puerto R ico and
the United States in sugar r e fin in g , cement, f e r t iliz e r ,
and h y d roelectric p la n ts.

3.06ii-.

P rod u ctivity in R eta il D istrib u tion . Margaret H all and John Knapp.
The Economic Journal, 1955 (pp. 7 2 -8 8 ).
P rod u ctivity in r e t a il d istrib u tio n in Great B rita in ,
the United States,and Canada fo r selected shops.

3 . 065. P rod u ctivity in the B elgian Coal Mining Industry. Margaret S ch oen field.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, March 1937 (p . 589).
Data fo r two B elgian co a l fie ld s fo r the period 1831
to 193**-• Comparison o f output per man-day in United
States and Belgium.

3 . 066. P rod u ctivity in the Planned Economics o f Eastern Europe. H. Kowalska.
In tern ation al Labour Review, August 1956 (pp. 1*^6-173)*
A general survey o f Eastern Europe’ s approach to the
problem o f ra isin g p rod u ctiv ity .

3 . 067.

P rod u ctivity in Underdeveloped C ountries. S. T iU e s .
Labour Review, December 1955 (pp« ^9^-513)•

In tern ation al

The n ecessity o f an organ ization al framework to
fa c ilit a t e the in trodu ction o f tech n ica l knowledge fo r
the Increase o f p rod u ctiv ity .
3.068.

The P rod u ctivity o f Labor in Great B rita in . W itt Bowden.
Journal o f P o lit ic a l Economy, June 1937 (p . 3**7)•
Comparisons o f production, employment and average
output per employee fo r selected in d u stries, Great
B rita in and Irelan d .

4499Z2 0 - 58 - 6




The

72

3 . 069.

P rod u ctivity o f Labour in B r itis h , American, and German A gricu ltu re.
L aszlo R ostas. London and Cambridge Economic S ervice (now incorporated
in Times Review o f In du stry), July 19*16, V ol. 2k, B u ll. 3 (p p. 78- 81) .
Compares output per worker, 1937-38 "based on the net
output o f a g ricu ltu re, adjusted hy an exchange rate which
expresses the re la tiv e p rice s o f a g ricu ltu ra l products in
the three cou n tries.

3.070.

P rod u ctivity o f Labour-in the Cotton Industry. Laszlo R ostas.
Economic Journal, June-September 19^5, V ol. 35 (pp. 192-205).

The

Comparison o f long-term changes in output per man-hour
in the United States and United Kingdom and fa cto rs
accounting fo r the higher p rod u ctiv ity le v e l in the
United S ta tes.
3.071.

P rod u ctivity Measurement: Plant Level Measurement, Methods and
R esu lts. Prepared by Jean C arrie. P a ris: European P rod u ctivity
Agency, January 1956, P roject 235, V ol. I I (19^ p p .).
An account o f what has been done in the fi e ld o f produc­
t iv it y measurement in various European cou n tries, based on
data c o lle c te d d ir e c tly in the firm ; i . e . , d ire ct measure­
ment. The f i r s t part is concerned with methodology, while
the second compares the resu lts obtained.

3 . 072.

P rod u ctivity Survey o f English and French Manufacturing P lan ts.
James H. Silberman. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta t is t ic s , May 29-Ju ly 10, 19^8, and Recommendations fo r Further
A ction , August 2 , 19^8 (3 p p .).
Compares techniques in English and French p la n ts, with
those o f comparable establishm ents in the United S ta tes.

3.073.

R aising P rod u ctivity in I s r a e l. Hy F ish . In tern ation al Labour
Review, October-Noveraber 1953, V ol. 68 (pp. 375-392).
Experiences in Is r a e l in a compaign to ra ise p rod u ctivity
and suggestions that may be u sefu l to other countries in
the ea rly stages o f in d u stria l development.

3.07^.

Report o f the Cotton T ex tile M ission to the U.S.A.
o f Production, M arch-April 1 9 ^ (78 p p .). o .p .

B ritish M inistry

A comparison o f p rod u ctiv ity o f labor and production
methods in spinning and weaving m ills in the United
States and B rita in and recommendations fo r improvements.




73 3.075*

Some Observations on Soviet In d u strial Growth. G. Warren N utter.
American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings o f the S ixty-ninth
Annual M eeting, May 1957, V ol. XLVII (pp. 618- 630) .
Comparison o f output and per ca p ita , output fo r 37
in d u stries, 1913, 1937, 1955 between the Soviet Union
and the United S ta tes.

3 . 076.

Soviet Economic Growth—Conditions and P ersp ectives. Edited by
Abram Bergson. New Yorks Row Peterson and C o., 1953 (37& PP«)«
Proceedings o f a conference sponsored by the American
Council o f Learned S o cie tie s and the S ocia l S ociety
C ouncil. Four papers—Transportation, James H. Blackman;
In d u stria l Resources, Chauncey D. H arris; In d u stria l Labor
P rod u ctivity, Walter Galenson; and In d u stria l Production,
Donald R. Hodgman—deal with in d u stria l development.

3 . 077.

S oviet In d u strial Production, 1928- 1951. Donald R. Hodgman.
Cambridge: Harvard U n iversity, Russian Research Center, 195^
( 2lH p p .).
S oviet in d u stria l growth with in tern a tion al comparisons.

3 . 078.

Soviet Labor and the Question o f P rod u ctivity. Jerzy G. Gliksman.
U. S. Department'of Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, June 1957 (pp. 702-706) .
Analysis o f recent changes in Soviet labor p o lic y with
the improvement o f p rod u ctivity as an important o b je c tiv e .

3.079.

Soviet Labor P roductivity. Irving H. S ie g e l. Baltim ore; Johns
Hopkins U n iversity, Operations Research O ffic e , May 1952, Technical
Memorandum ORO-T-125 ( 1^6 p p ., in cluding ta b les and appendices).
A report prepared under contract with the Department o f
the Army and o r ig in a lly r e s tr ic te d . In addition to in tro ­
duction and summary, te x t contains 4 chapters—on produc­
t iv it y in Soviet thought and p r a c tic e , measurement methods,
tren ds, and in tern a tion al comparisons.

3.080.

Survey o f the Economy. Hugh Massingham.
June 11, 1956 (pp. 1 8 -2 0 ).

The New R epublic,

Compares Russian and American p rod u ctiv ity from 1937
p rojected to 1965 along with other economic changes.




- 7k
3.081.

T ech nological Improvements in the Iron and S teel Industry and Their
E ffe cts on Employment. In tern ation al Labour O ffic e , Iron and S teel
Committee, Geneva 19^9> Report I I I , 3d Session (169 p p .).
M odernization and development plans in the p rin cip a l iron
and s te e l producing cou n tries, some o f the more important
tech n olog ica l changes recen tly introduced and th e ir e ffe c t s
on employment.

3.082.

T ex tile Wages, An In tern ation al Study. Studies and R eports. Geneva:
In tern ation al Labour O rganization, 1952, New S eries No. 31 (126 p p .).
D isp a rities in t e x t ile wages and the e ffe c t on the
standards o f liv in g o f t e x t ile workers in various
cou n tries.

3 . 083. Time and Labor Cost o f Production in the Woolen and Worsted Industry;
U. S ., England, France, Germany. Charles E. Baldwin. UI S. Department
o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, September
1928 (p p. If31-^56).
A comparison o f output per man-hour in sim ilar e sta b lish ­
ments o f the United States and foreig n cou n tries. Data were
obtained from o f f ic i a ls o f establishm ents producing each o f
27 kinds o f clo th .
3.08%.

Towards Higher Labour P rod u ctivity in the Countries o f Western Europe.
Jean F ou rastie. In tern ation al Labour Review, A p ril 1953 (PP* 3^0-355)*
Establishment and operation o f the various p rod u ctiv ity
centers fo r the purpose o f stim ulating and developing
e ffo r t s towards higher p rod u ctiv ity .

3 . 085. Wages and P rod u ctivity in Glass Tableware Industry o f Czechoslovakia
and United S ta tes. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, May 1933 (pp. 1059-106l).
A comparison o f output per man-hour fo r sim ilar a r tic le s
o f hand blown glass tableware in the United States and
Czechoslovakia, 1929-30.

3 . 086. Wartime P rod u ctivity in Mining In d u stries.

C. S. Gody. U. S. Depart­
ment o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
August 19^3 (PP- 255-257).
Indexes o f production and output per man-hour, 1939-^2.
Compares the experiences o f mining industries in various
countries during World War I and I I .




- 75 -

3 . 087. We Too Can P rosper:
London:

The Promise o f P rod u ctiv ity . David Graham Hutton.
George A llen and Urwin, L td ., 1953 (2W3 p p .).

The experiences and fin din gs o f 66 p rod u ctiv ity teams
that had v is ite d the United States under the program o f
the B ritish P rod u ctivity C ouncil.
3.088.

W orld's Output o f Work. T. T. Read.
March 19^5, V o l. 35 (pp. 1^3-1^5).

American Economic Review,

In tern ation al comparisons fo r 1929 and 1939 o f work done
hy human and mechanical power.




SECTION IV
CONCEPT AND MEASUREMENT
^■.001.

Accounting fo r P rod u ctivity Changes—Men, Machines, or Management.
Harry E rnst. Harvard Business Review, May-June 1956 (pp. 109-121).
A system o f p rod u ctiv ity accounting, designed to enable
management o f a plant to measure how much labor is con trib ­
uting to the changes in o v e ra ll p rod u ctivity compared with
other fa c to r s .

4.002.

The A pp lication o f Investment C r ite r ia . H o llis B. Chenery.
Journal o f Economics, February 1953, V o l. 67 (pp. 76- 96) .

Quarterly

Theory and p ra ctice in the analysis o f investment in
underdeveloped areas. The ap p lica tion o f s o c ia l marginal
p rod u ctiv ity to a number o f em pirical situ a tio n s.
^.003.

An A pp lication o f P rod u ctivity Measurement. Lawrence W. Nelson.
N ational A ssociation o f Cost Accountants B u lle tin , February 1956 ,
V o l. 37 (p p. 762- 766) .
An example o f p rod u ctiv ity measurement used to compute
equivalent production and consumption.

^.004.

An A ppraisal o f Current P rod u ctivity Developments. Leon Greenberg.
Paper presented at the Work Study Conference, Chicago: I llin o is
In stitu te o f Technology, March 4 , 195*+»
The com plexities in measuring p rod u ctiv ity trends with
th e ir in tern a tion al and economic sig n ifica n ce .

U.005.

A ppraisal o f P rod u ctivity Measures at Washington Conference.
Harry J . Greenspan. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, March 1951 (pp. 313-316).
The P rod u ctivity Conference, War and Postwar Trends in
P rod u ctivity, held in Washington, January 19, 1951, is
summarized.

1J-.006.

Aspects o f P rod u ctivity Measurement and Meaning. Irvin g H. S ie g e l.
P rod u ctivity Measurement: Concept. P a ris: European P rod u ctivity
Agency, August 1955, P roject No. 235, V ol. I , Chapter I I I (pp. ^-3-59)•
P rod u ctivity o f labor presented as the most important
index to be studied. O utlines the p a rtia l product method
o f determining p rod u ctiv ity with heterogeneous products
broken down in to homogeneous subunits.




- 76 -

77 -

4.007*

A Broader Conception o f P roductivity and I t s Measurement.
A. C. S. English. Journal o f the In stitu te o f Production Engineers,
JuOy 1951, V ol. 30 (pp. 356-379).
Methods o f measuring produ ctivity by individual firm s.

4.008.

Concepts and Measurements o f Production and P roductivity.
Irving H. S ie g e l. Working Paper o f the National Conference on
P rod u ctivity, sponsored by the U. S. Department o f Labor’ s Bureau
o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , e t a l . , Washington, 1952 (108 p p .).
The r a t io n a le and tech n iq u es o f measurement o f changes
in th e p h y s ic a l volume o f p r o d u ctio n and th e l e v e l o f
p r o d u c t iv it y . In clu d e s an e x te n s iv e b ib lio g r a p h y on
p r o d u ctio n and p r o d u c t iv it y measurement.

4.009.

C ost A ccou n tin g and P r o d u c t iv it y . P a r is : European P r o d u c t iv it y
Agency, O rg a n iza tion f o r European Economic C o o p e ra tio n , 1952 (125 p p . ) .

The use o f cost accounting in the United States as
studied by a group o f European experts on the Technical
Assistance Mission No. 50.
4.010.

The Degree o f Correspondence between th e Concept o f M arginal P h y s ic a l
P r o d u c t iv it y and I t s E m p irica l R e fe r r e n t s . A rnold B reek e. J ou rn a l
o f Farm E conom ics, May 1954 (pp* 316-323).

An evaluation o f the degree o f v a lid ity o f th is concept
in connection with the nature o f some em pirical processes
o f p rod u ctivity.
4 .0 1 1 .

The D isplacem ent o f Workers Through In cr e a s e s in E f f i c i e n c y and t h e i r
A b sorp tion b y In d u str y , 1920, 1931* David W eintraub. J ou rn a l o f th e
American S t a t i s t i c s ! A s s o c ia t io n , December 1932, V o l. 27 (p p . 383-^ 00 ) .

A s t a t is t ic a l method fo r measuring the influence exerted
by increasing p rodu ctivity upon the le v e l o f employment.
4 .0 1 2 .

Economic and F in a n c ia l A sp ects o f P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement.

A llen W. Rucker.

Commercial and Financial C hronicle, July 28, 1955

(p . 6 f f . ) .
The meaning o f p r o d u c t iv it y , i t s measurement, and i t s
in d u s t r ia l fu t u r e .




- 78 4.013*

An Experiment in P roductivity Measurement. William Langeriberg.
B u lletin o f the National A ssociation o f Cost Accountants, January 1952
(10 p p .).
The application o f p rodu ctivity measurements based on
the concept o f the expenditure o f various resources (input)
in terms o f manpower.

4.014.

An Experiment Toward Measurement o f Man-Hour Requirements fo r
Selected Manufacturing Indu stries, 1939-49* U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , January 1951 ( l 6 p p .).
Relationship between production in physical units and
labor input, and problems encountered in preparing pro­
d u ctiv ity indexes.

4.015.

A Formula fo r Measuring P roductivity in D istribu tion .
The Journal o f Marketing, A p ril 1948 (pp. 442-448).

Wroe Alderson.

A device fo r measuring p rod u ctivity in d istrib u tio n .
4.016.

Foundations o f P roductivity A nalysis. Bela Gold.
University o f Pittsburgh Press, 1955 (291 PP*)*

Pittsburgh:

The major ob je ctiv e s are to strengthen the foundations
o f in d u stria l p rod u ctivity an alysis, to f a c i lit a t e the
more rounded analysis o f p rod u ctivity adjustments by
a n a ly tica l models, t o inquire in to sources, nature, and
e ff e c t s o f produ ctivity adjustments, and to examine the
ro le o f managerial o b je c tiv e s .
4.017.

Greater P roductivity Means — What? S. Moos. Economic Research
C ouncil, Economic D igest, July 1952, V ol. 5, (pp* 281-284).
Concepts o f output per man-hour, and o f labor p rod u ctivity.

4.018.

A Half Century o f American P roductivity Measurement. Irving H. S ie g e l.
Paper presented at American S ta tis t ic a l A ssociation , December 1950
(9 pp.)*
A b r ie f h istory o f p rodu ctivity measurement in the
United States.

4.019.

Hearings before the Joint Committee on the Economic Report. Washington:
Congress o f the United States E ighty-fourth Congress, January 24, 26,
27, 28, 31J February 1 -3 , 8-10, and l 6, 1955.
Mr. Gerhard Coins o f the National Planning A ssociation pre­
sented a table showing output per man-hour based on gross
private product in 1947 p rice s from 1939-54, with an analysis
o f prod u ctivity changes.




- 79 4.020.

I n c e n tiv e Compensation and In cre a s e d P r o d u c t iv it y .

New Y ork:

National In du strial Conference Board, Conference Board Management
Record, June 1955, V ol. IT (pp. 230-243).
O f f ic e Work Measurement b y Norman H. Blumberg; In c e n tiv e s
f o r O f f ic e Workers b y W. G ilb e r t B rook s; The Scanlon Plan
b y Edward M. Dowd; The Rucker Share o f P rod u ction P lan b y
W illiam C. S c o d la t ; D ir e c t and I n d ir e c t In c e n tiv e s b y P h il
C a r r o ll. Papers p resen ted at a p a n el d is c u s s io n c o n ta in
p la n s t o reduce p r o d u ctio n c o s t s and in cre a s e p r o d u c t iv it y
b y in c e n t iv e form s o f com pensation.

4.021.

In dexes o f Labor P r o d u c t iv it y as a P a r t ia l Measure o f T e c h n o lo g ic a l
Change. W. Duane Evans. U. S. Department o f L abor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t i s t i c s . C on ference on Q u a n tita tiv e D e s c r ip tio n o f T e c h n o lo g ic a l
Change, A p r il 1951 (29 p p . ) . A ls o in Input-O utput R e la t io n s ,
N etherlands Economic I n s t i t u t e , H. E. S t e n fe r t Kroese and N. V. L eid en ,

1953 ( p p . 33-35).
An a n a ly s is o f th e con cep tu a l im p lic a tio n s and lim it a t io n s
o f th ese m easures, t h e ir r e f l e c t i o n o f t e c h n o lo g ic a l change,
and th e use o f an in t e r in d u s tr y r e la t io n s t a b u la t io n .

4.022.

Individual P roductivity D ifferences. W. Duane Evans. U. S. Department
o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , 1940, S erial No. R. 1040 (22 p p .).
Summary in Monthly Labor Review, February 1940 (pp. 338-341).
The im p lic a tio n s f o r in d u stry and s o c ie t y o f the problem
o f the slow em ployee. D isp e rsio n in d is t r ib u t io n o f w orker
p r o d u c t iv it y i s examined and some d ata on r e la t io n s h ip t o
age are in c lu d e d .

4.023.

I n d u s t r ia l E f f i c i e n c y . B ela G old .
P itts b u r g h P r e s s , 1955 (303 PP*)«

P itts b u r g h :

Foundations o f p r o d u c t iv it y a n a ly s is :
th e o r y and m arginal c o n t r o l.

4.024.

U n iv e r s ity o f

gu ides t o econom ic

I n d u s t r ia l P r o d u c t iv it y and P r ic e s . F re d e rick C. M i l l s . Jou rn a l o f
The American S t a t i s t i c a l A s s o c ia t io n , June 1937, V o l. 32 (p p . 247-262).
P rocedures th a t may be employed t o measure changes in
p r o d u c t iv it y and t o t r a c e the in c id e n c e o f such changes
on p rod u cers and consum ers.




■ 80 •

4.025.

Investment C rite ria , P rod u ctivity, and Economic Development.
Walter Galenson and Harvey Leibenstein. Quarterly Journal o f
Economics, August 1955, V ol. 69 (pp. 343-370).
The c r ite r io n o f a lloca tin g investment on the basis
o f the marginal produ ctivity o f each unit o f ca p ita l
investment is examined with respect t o underdeveloped
areas.

4.026.

I t 's Not Always P rod u ctivity. Gertrude Deutsch. National In du strial
Conference Board, Conference Board Business Record, March 1950* V ol. 7
(pp. 114-115).
A c ritic is m o f the methods o f measuring p rod u ctivity fo r
the en tire national economy used in the Annual Economic
Review (January 1950) o f the Council o f Economic Advisers
to the President.

4.027.

Job Performance and Age: A Study in Measurement. Jerome A. Mark,
Wolfram Liepe, and Bernard Rein. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau
o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , September 195^, B u ll. No. 1203 (72 p p .).
Summary in Monthly Labor Review, December 195& (pp. 1-5) •
Analysis o f output per man-hour, and other fa cto r s encoun­
tered in measuring the relation sh ip between age and work
performance. Research was confined t o 8 manufacturing e sta b lish ­
ments in 2 in du stries—footwear and men's cloth in g.

4.028.

The L earning Curve as a P ro d u ctio n T o o l. Frank J . A n dress.
B u sin ess Review , January-February 1954 (p p . 87-97).

Harvard

Msthods and use o f learning curves applied to prod u ctivity
measurement. The a ir c r a ft industry is used as an example.
4.029.

A Manual o f Time and M otion Study.
Pitman I s a a c , 1953 (221 p p . ) .

J . W. Hendry.

4th Ed.

New Y ork:

A guide to the measurement o f human endeavor in industry
and t o the development o f productive e ffic ie n c y .
4.030.

A Marginal P roductivity Analysis — A Defect and a Remedy.
E con om etrics, January 1953* V o l. 21, No. 1
(pp. 155-174).

John S. Henderson.

An algebraic technique, o f the theory o f minima under
m ultiple con strain ts, is applied to production theory.




1*.031.

Maximizing Worker P roductivity through Evaluation o f i t s Components:
A Hypothesis. M. E. Brunk. Journal o f Farm Economics, August 1951
(pp. 381-388)•
Three viewpoints t o be considered in measuring p rod u ctivity:
the in d u stria l engineer, the psych ologist, and the economist.

^.032. Washington:
The Meaning and Measurement o f National P rod u ctivity. John W. Kendrick.
The Graduate Council o f George Washington U niversity,
June 1955 (286 p p .).
Development o f the theory that i f p rodu ctivity estimates
are to indicate changes or d ifferen ces in productive
e ffic ie n c y , the physical volumes o f outputs must be related
t o the physical volumes o f a l l corresponding economic inputs
weighted by constant unit fa cto r costs and unit fa cto r p r ic e s ,
re sp e ctiv e ly .

^.033.

The Meaning and Measurement o f P rod u ctivity. Hiram S. Davis.
In du strial P rod u ctivity, Indu strial Relations Research A ssociation,
U niversity o f Wisconsin, 1951 (2 p p .) . (Reproduced fo r the Belgium
Study Group on P rin ciples o f P rod u ctivity. U. S. Mutual Security
Agency, P roject TA-32-72, May-June 1952).
Basic concepts o f p rodu ctivity and i t s measurement,
prepared fo r use in connection with study programs
arranged by the Department o f Labor fo r labor-management
teams and sp ecia l study groups v is it in g the United S tates.
The Meaning and Measurement o f P roductivity in D istribu tion .
Reavis Cox. The Journal o f Marketing, A p ril 19*t8, V ol. 12
(pp. ^ 3 3 -^ 1 ).
Various approaches to the measurement o f p rodu ctivity
in d istrib u tio n .

^.035.

The Meaning o f P roductivity Indexes. W. IXisne Evans and Irving H.
S ie g e l. Journal o f the American S t a t is t ic a l A ssocia tion , March 19^2,
V ol. 37 (pp. 103-111).
The nature, use, and lim itation s o f p rod u ctivity index
numbers.

U.036.

Measurement o f Current Trends in Output per Man-Hour. Leon Greenberg,
Jack Alterman and Allan D. Searle. (A paper presented t o the American
S ta tis t ic a l A ssociation , New York, N. Y ., December 1955). U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s (21 p p .).
Also
appears in the P roductivity Review No. 5, May 1956 (pp. 5 -33).
The problems o f measuring current p rodu ctivity trends, con­
cepts and methodology, and comparisons o f produ ctivity measures.




- 82 4.037.

The Measurement o f P rod u ctiv e E f f i c i e n c y . New Yorks
R esearch C o ., A p r il 1951> V o l. 2 (p p . 151-160).

A ccou n tin g

A p re lim in a ry survey o f th e a ccou n tin g c o n t r ib u t io n t o
th e measurement o f p r o d u ctiv e e f f i c i e n c y .

4.038.

The Measurement o f P r o d u c t iv it y . W ashington: C ou n cil f o r
T e c h n o lo g ic a l Advancement, August 3, 1953 ( l 6 p p . ) .
D e f in it io n , s t a t i s t i c a l s tu d ie s and f a c t o r s r e s p o n s ib le
f o r changes in p r o d u c t iv it y .

4.039.

The Measurement o f P roductivity in State Undertakings and Public
S ervices. Gabriel Ardant. International Labor Organization,
International Labour Review, May 1953> V ol. 67 (pp. 434-452).
O u tlin es o f methods u sed —e v a lu a tio n o f th e c o s t , the
output o f the p u b lic s e r v ic e s — and some p r a c t i c a l c o n c lu s io n s
drawn from in c r e a s in g p r o d u c t iv it y .

4.0 k ).

Measurement o f P r o d u c t iv it y — Methods used b y the Bureau o f Labor
S t a t i s t i c s in the U. S. A ., P a r is : European P r o d u c t iv it y Agency,
O rg a n iza tion f o r European Economic C o o p e ra tio n , O ctober 1952 (104 p p . ) .
C oncepts and d e f i n i t i o n s , o r g a n iz a tio n and p roced u res in
th e f i e l d o f p r o d u c t iv it y .

4 .o 4 l.

The Measurement o f th e T e c h n o lo g ic a l F a cto r in Labor P r o d u c t iv it y .
Arthur Wubnig. Jou rn a l o f th e American S t a t i s t i c a l A s s o c ia t io n ,

June 1939, V ol. 34 (pp. 319-325).
A stu dy em phasizing th a t p ressu re o f t e c h n o lo g ic a l
changes on employment i s n ot n e c e s s a r ily measured b y
p r o d u c t iv it y s in c e p r o d u c t iv it y measures are in flu e n c e d
b y many sh ort-term f a c t o r s .

4.042.

Measurement o f Unit Man-Hour Requirem ents. George E. S a d ler and
A lla n D. S e a r le . U. S. Department o f L abor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t i s t i c s , Monthly Labor Review , February 1950 (p p . 169- 177) .
The methods and p roced u res used b y the Bureau o f Labor
S t a t i s t i c s f o r d e r iv in g p r o d u c t iv it y in d exes are summarized.

4.043.

Measuring Labor's P rod u ctivity. New York: National Indu strial
Conference Board, Studies in Business P o lic y , No. 15, 1946 (20 p p .).
A summary o f ad d resses d e liv e r e d at a round t a b le c o n fe r e n c e :
Solomon F a brica n t o f the N ation a l Bureau o f Economic Research
d is c u s s e d the r e la t io n s h ip between employment and p r o d u c tio n ;
A llen W. Rucker, President o f the Eddy-Rucker-Nichols Company,




- 83 was concerned with a method o f measuring p rodu ctivity as a
means o f determining commercial e ffic ie n c y ; W. Duane Evans
o f the U. S. Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s made some observa­
tion s on the sign ifica n ce o f the Bureau’ s produ ctivity
studies and general prewar and postwar trends; Andrew T.
Court, Labor Economics Section o f General Motors Corpora­
t io n , emphasized postwar findings in a few plants and the
need fo r increased prod u ctivity.
4.o¥»-.

Measuring the Economic P roductivity o f Land.
Farm Economics, November 1 9 ^ (pp. 777-783)*

W. H. Pine.

Journal o f

A measurement o f agricu ltu ra l p rodu ctivity by the
monetary (net income) method.
k.0^5.

Measuring the P roductivity o f C apital. J o e l Dean. Harvard Business
Review, January-February 195^-, V ol. 32, No. 1 (pp. 120-130).
The degree to which decision s on investments sure con trolled
by p r o fit goa ls.

^.0^6.

Methods o f Labour P roductivity S t a t is t ic s . Geneva: International
Labour O ffic e , Report prepared fo r the 7th International Conference
o f Labor S ta tis tic ia n s , Geneva, September 19^9* Studies and Reports
1951, New Series No. l o (136 p p .).
Reviews the methods o f measuring and comparing p rod u ctivity,
p rin cip a lly in the United States. O bjectives, concepts,
d e fin itio n s , and fa ctors influencing p rod u ctivity. Problems
concerning the comparability o f production and man-hour data
and possib le formulae.

L.0V7.

Next Task in the Measurement o f Production and P rod u ctivity.
Irving H. S ieg el. E sta d istica , September/December 1955 (pp* 388- 398) .
Problems o f theory, p r a c tic e , and meaning o f "physical"
production and p rodu ctivity measurement over time.

Ik O ^ .

Notes on the P roductivity Conference. Thomas J . M ill.
Economic Review, March I 9V7, V ol. 37 (PP* I 87- I 90) .

American

Summarization o f the to p ics discussed in the fiv e sessions
o f the Conference on P roductivity held in Washington,
October 28 and 29, I 9MS. Input-output r a tio s , produ ctivity
at the plant and national le v e ls .




4.0*19.

O bjective Procedures fo r Estimating In du strial P rod u ctivity.
Adam Abruzzi. New York: C ornell U niversity. Indu strial and
Labor Relations Review, October 1951 (pp. 108-117).
An evaluation o f various applications o f the methods.

4.050.

On C apital P rod u ctivity, Input A lloca tion and Growth. Otto Eckstein
The Quarterly Journal o f Economics, February 1957 (pp. 86-106).
Studies o f the d e s ir a b ility o f ca p ita l-in ten siv e processes
in countries where c a p ita l i s scarce re la tiv e to la b o r, and
on input a llo ca tio n as a maximizing problem.

4.051.

On the Measurement o f the P roductivity o f Labor. Sigmund P. Zobel.
Journal o f the American S t a t is t ic a l A ssociation , June 1950
(pp. 218-224).
Several formulas fo r constructing p rodu ctivity indexes
which make allowance fo r changes in the composition o f the
labor fo r c e , and changes in the time or e ff o r t expended by
the workers.

4.052.

Procedure fo r Measuring Employee P rod u ctivity.
Advanced Management, August 1952 (pp. 6- 8) .

Martin Kriesberg.

Procedure fo r measuring the p rodu ctivity o f d elivery
truck d riv e rs, o ffe rin g a measure o f p rodu ctivity from
operations that cannot be standardized and f o r which a
count o f units produced i s not fe a s ib le .
4.053*

Production Management, P rod u ctivity, C osts, Wages, Labor R elations.
Albert Ramond. New York: Albert Ramond and A ssociates, I n c ., 1948
(45 PP*)*
A system fo r measuring p rodu ctivity by use o f a work
unit standard. Charts show the resu lts o f the use o f
various incentive systems on p rod u ctivity.

4.054.

P rod u ctivity. Peter 0 . Steiner and William Goldner. U niversity o f
C a lifo rn ia , In stitu te o f Indu strial R elation s, 1952 (60 p p .).
The concept o f p rod u ctiv ity , i t s measurement and in te r pretation j p rodu ctivity and in d u strial r e la tio n s.

4.055.

P rod u ctivity: A Critique o f Current Usage. Lewis A. Maverick.
Southern I l l i n o i s U niversity, Department o f Economics, 1955 (30 pp .)
A c r i t i c a l review o f the present use o f the produ ctivity
concept, with suggested formulas that might be used in
p rod u ctivity measurement.




- 85 ^.056.

P roductivity Accounting. Hiram S. Davis. Wharton School o f Finance
and Commerce, In du strial Research Department, Philadelphia: University
o f Pennsylvania Press, 1955# Research Study No. 37 (19^ p p .) .
A method o f measuring t o t a l p rodu ctivity in a business
enterprise by means o f accounting techniques. An actual
plant case study exem plifies methods o f comparing, over
a time p eriod , t o t a l plant outputs with t o t a l plant inputs.

^.057.

P roductivity Accounting. Hiram S. Davis. (Digested by Mary Jordan.)
A Book Digest by C ontrollership Foundation, I n c ., 1957 (51 PP*)*
A method fo r measuring the produ ctivity o f a business—
the r a tio o f t o t a l goods and services produced by an enter­
prise t o the t o ta l economic costs incurred, both products
and costs revalued to some selected scale o f constant p r ic e s .

^ . 058 .

P r o d u c t iv it y An Im portant F u n ction o f Management.

John W. R o b e rts .

An address before the Metals Manufacturing Industry Conference,
Boston, Massachusetts. New York: Albert Ramond and A ssociates, I n c .,
September 28, 1953 (23 p p .).
The meaning, concept, and value o f produ ctivity measures,
with conclusions on how, and to whom, the b en efits o f pro­
d u ctiv ity should be distribu ted .
^.059*

P roductivity Change. Sam Arnold. Ohio State U niversity, B u lletin
o f Business Research, November 1952, V ol. 27 (p . l / ) .
D efinition s o f p rodu ctivity and reasons fo r produ ctivity
changes.

^ . 060.

P roductivity in the Short Term. Robert H. Persons, J r . The
Conference Board Business Record, March 1957 (pp. 110-116/).
Meaning and measurement o f p rodu ctivity 19^7-56 and the
sign ifica n ce o f current changes.

k.06l.

P roductivity in War and Peace. Julius Hirsch.
Review, May 19^7 (pp. 397-1H l ) .

American Economic

The d is tin ctio n between volume p rod u ctivity, and rea l
p rod u ctivity.

h.062.

The Purpose and Method o f Measuring P rod u ctivity.

Hairy Magdoff.

Jou rn a l o f th e American S t a t i s t i c a l A s s o c ia t io n , June 1939# V o l. 3^

(pp* 309-318).
P roductivity indexes axe developed to y ie ld the re la tiv e
volumes o f lsb or time required to produce a sp e cifie d com­
posite o f products at d iffe re n t tim es. E ffe ct o f d iffe re n t
weighting schemes discussed.




-

4 . 063 .

86

-

P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement. Solomon F a b r ica n t. New York U n iv e r s ity
P r e s s , C on ference on Labor, P r o c e e d in g s , 1950 (p p . 75-92).
Problem s in v o lv e d in the measurement o f p r o d u c t iv it y .
C o n ce p ts, e x is t in g m easu res,
in fo r m a t io n a re r e v ie w e d .

4 .0 6 4 .

and in a d e q u a c ie s o f b a s i c

P r o d u c t i v i t y M e a su rem en t ~ A T o o l f o r E v a l u a t i n g P r o d u c t i o n
E ffic ie n c y .
U . S . D e p a r tm e n t o f L a b o r , B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s ,
1947 (1 1 p p . ) .

E xp lain s p r o d u c t iv it y b y use o f grap h ic p r e s e n t a t io n .

4 . 065.

P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement and C o n tr o l.
E n gin eerin g P rog ress, A p r il 1954 (p p .

Ewan C lagu e.

Chemical

167- 172 ).

P r o d u c t iv it y measurement from a p la n t , company, and
n a t io n a l p o in t o f view .
4 .0 6 6 .

P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement: C on cep ts. Prepared b y G. D eurinck.
P a r is : European P r o d u c t iv it y Agency, August 1955> P r o je c t No.
V o l. I ( 1 4 3 P P . ) *

235>

The f i r s t o f th ree volumes c o v e r in g s i x s t u d ie s . The
in t r o d u c tio n b y Mr. Deurinck e s t a b lis h e s a lin k between
th e c o n t r ib u t io n s t o g iv e a c le a r e r id e a as t o the d i f f e r ­
en ces and s i m i l a r i t i e s among th ese s t u d ie s . The f o llo w in g
l i s t e d essa y s are in c lu d e d :
Chapter I . The Concept o f P r o d u c t iv it y and I t s C o r o lla r ie s —
P r o f . Jean F o u ra stie and a Working P arty o f the N a tion a l
C o u n cil o f P r o d u c t iv it y (F r a n c e ).
Chapter I I . A lte r n a tiv e P r o d u c t iv it y Concepts — Dr. L a szlo
R ostas (U. K .) .
Chapter I I I . A sp ects o f P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement and
Meaning — I r v in g H. S ie g e l (U. S . ) .
Chapter IV . The R ole o f O f f i c i a l S t a t i s t i c s in Measuring
P r o d u c t iv it y — Dr. Gerhard Furst (Germany).
Chapter V. P r o d u c t iv it y , E f f i c i e n c y and Wages — Dr. E rik
R u ist (Sw eden).
Chapter V I. In d ic e s o f I n d u s t r ia l E f f i c i e n c y — B. W alstedt
(Sw eden).
The appendix co n ta in s view s and c o n c lu s io n s drawn by o th e r
a u t h o r it ie s in the f i e l d o f p r o d u c t iv it y measurement.

4 . 067.

The P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement Program o f the Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s .
Benjamin D. Kaplan. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t i s t i c s , August 1950 (80 p p . ) . Supplement, J u ly 1952 (66 p p . ) .
P r o d u c t iv it y co n ce p ts and d e f i n i t i o n s , ty p es o f p u b lis h e d
in d e x e s , sou rces o f d a ta , methods o f c a lc u la t io n , o r g a n iz a t io n ,
and p roced u res o f the Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s . Sample
q u e s tio n n a ir e s and w ork sh eets.




-

4 .0 6 8 .

87

-

P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement Review. P a r is : European P r o d u c t iv it y
A gency, Q u a rterly is s u e s , (F ebru ary, May, August, November) No. 1
is s u e , May 1955*

The problems involved in the d e fin itio n , measurement
and increase in p rod u ctivity. Include a r t ic le s on pro­
d u ctiv ity in various countries and fo r s p e c ific in du stries.

4 . 069.

P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement Review .
A gency, 1 s t S p e c ia l Number, June

P a r is :

European P r o d u c t iv it y

1956 (56 p p . ) .

A survey made by the B ritish In stitu te o f Management
o f the use B ritish industry has made o f the rep orts,
"Case Study Data on P roductivity and Factory Performance,"
prepared by the U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s .
I*.070.

P roductivity Measurement Review. P aris: European P roductivity
Agency, 2nd Special Number, A pril 1957 (50 p p .).
Report o f a survey made in France by the Centre d'Etudes
et de Mesures de produ ctivite on, "Case Study Data on Produc­
t i v i t y and Factory Performance," prepared by the U. S. Depart­
ment o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s .

4 .0 7 1 .

P r o d u c t iv it y Measurements Can be O btained and Used. John H. Kempster.
N a tion a l A s s o c ia t io n o f Cost A ccou n ta n ts, B u lle t in , June 195^
(p p . 127 6 -1 2 7 7 ).

How p rodu ctivity measures may have some p r a c tic a l ap p li­
cation t o the problem o f cost reporting.
4.072.

The P roductivity R atio: Some A nalytical Limitations on I ts Use.
Peter 0. S tein er. Harvard U niversity, The Review o f Economics and
S t a t is t ic s , November 1950, V ol. XXXII, No. 4 (pp. 321-328).
The concepts o f p rodu ctivity s t a t is t ic s in th e ir re la tio n
to the settin g o f wage ra tes.

4 .0 7 3 .

P r o d u c t iv it y S tu d ie s : P lanning Guides f o r In d u s tr y . Ewan C lague.
Dun’ s Review (now Dun’ s Review and Modern I n d u s t r y ), O ctober 1948
(p p . 20 - 22 ) .

Describes the Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s industry studies
based on d ire ct industry reports and in dicates how some o f
the findings from these reports may be usefu l as planning
guides f o r industry.

449922 0 - 58 - 7




-

4.074.

88

-

P roductivity — The Hot News Issu e.
(PP- 25-26).

Business Week, March 9, 1957

D ifferent in terpretations on what p rodu ctivity means and
how to measure i t .
4.075.

Progress end Problems o f Physical Output Measurement. Irving H. S ieg el.
Paper presented at the December 1950 annueil meeting o f the American
S ta tis t ic a l A ssociation.
Problems o f theory, p ra ctice and meaning o f produ ctivity
measurement.

4.076.

Progress and Status o f P roductivity Measurement in the United S tates.
Samuel I . Weiss. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ,
paper presented at the 28th Session, International S ta tis t ic a l I n s titu te ,
Rome, I t a ly , September 6-12, 1953 (10 p p .).
The h is to r ic a l development o f p rodu ctivity measurement in
the United States and the contribution o f the Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s .

4.077.

Relationships Between P roductivity Measures. Allan D. Seaxle.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly
Labor Review, May 1954 (pp. 552-557)*
The concepts and formulation o f the physical output and
net output indexes from a tech n ical viewpoint.

. .

4 078

Russian Labor P roductivity S t a t is t ic s . Walter Galenson. C ornell
U niversity, Indu strial and Labor Relations Review, July 1951> V ol. IV,
No. 4 (pp. 497-508).
Concepts employed by Russian s ta tis tic ia n s in computing
labor prod u ctivity.

4.079.

Selected Statements Interpreting the P roductivity Measurement Program
o f the Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s . George E. Sadler. U. S. Department
o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , August 1950 (80 p p .).
Three lectu res by Ewan Clague: "P rodu ctivity, Employment,
and Living Standards"; "Cost Reduction: A Postwar Problem";
"Recent P roductivity Trends and Their Im p lication s." A
paper by George E. Sadler and Walter Hirsch: "Uses o f
P roductivity Data in American Establishments." An Operations
Report, In stitu te o f American Research. Chart illu s tr a tio n s
o f the f i r s t fou r papers.




- 89 -

4.080.

Some Concepts and Limitations o f P roductivity Measures. Leon Greenberg.
Iowa State C ollege, Iowa Business D igest, F a ll Number, November 1955
(pp. 15-22).
Some basic problems in measuring p rod u ctivity, describing
the nature o f d iffe re n t types o f measures and showing how
such measures y ie ld the same or d iffe re n t re su lts .

4.081.

S ta tis t ic a l Problems Confronted in the Analysis o f the Relationship
Between Production, P rodu ctivity, and Employment. David Weintraub.
Washington: United States Works Progress Administration, National
Research P ro je ct, 1937 (20 p p .). o .p .
Problems in estimating labor displacement from produ ctivity
indexes. NRP charts fo r 1920-27 on production, employment,
and prod u ctivity.

4.082.

Summary o f Proceedings o f Conference on P rodu ctivity, October 28-29,
1946, U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , B u ll.
No. 913 (52 p p .).
The p rin cip a l to p ics and speakers were: Economic Setting,
Robert Nathanj Problem o f Concepts and Measurements, Hiram
Davisj At the Job Level, Martin Gainsbrugh and Nathan Speroj
At the Plant and Company Level, Benjamin Haskel, H. B. Maynard
and Charles E. Young; At the Industry Level, Solomon Barkin,
Charles E. Young, and John D. G ill; At the National Level,
M. Hedges, Everett Hagen, and Robert W. Burgess; At the In ter­
national Level, Julius Hirsch, C. Merwin, and H. Staehle; Scope
and Limitations o f E xisting Measures, W. Duane Evans, Kathryn
P. E llick son , R. Schulman,and Andrew Court; Need fo r Additional
Measures, Lazare Teper; Presentation o f P roductivity Measures,
Solomon Fabricant.

4 . 083.

This Thing Called P rodu ctivity.
November 1948 (pp. 16-18).

Lazare Teper.

American F ederationist,

Concepts and trends o f produ ctivity during World War I I
and the e ffe c t s o f produ ctivity increases.
4.084.

Trends in Output per Man-Hour and Man-Hours per Unit o f Output —
Manufacturing, 1939-53* U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s , 1955, BLS Report No. 100 (33 PP*)• Excerpts from Automa­
tio n and Technological Change. Hearings before the Subcommittee on
Economic S ta b iliza tion o f the Joint Committee on the"Economic Report,
1955 (pp. 301-334). (See reference in Section I . D -l.)
Presentation, methodology, and analysis o f four series o f
indexes o f change in the output per man-hour: physical out­
put per man-hour, base year weighted; physical output per
man-hour, current year weighted; net output per man-hour,
base year p r ic e s ; net output per man-hour, current year p r ic e s .




- 90 4 .0 8 5 .

Trends in P r o d u c t iv it y S ince the War. Ewan C lagu e. P resen ted t o the
N a tion a l I n d u s t r ia l C onference Board M eeting, New Y ork, January 2 0 ,
1956 (11 p p . ) .
Trends in p r o d u c t iv it y from 1947-53 and 1953-55* Tech­
n iqu es f o r measuring p r o d u c t iv it y and some o f th e f a c t o r s
which in flu e n c e i t .

4.086.

War and Postwar Trends in P r o d u c t iv it y . U. S. Department o f L abor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Summary o f P roceed in gs o f C on ference on
P r o d u c t iv it y , January 19, 1951.
T ra n scrip t o f a forum f o r th e d is c u s s io n o f p r o d u c t iv it y
co n ce p ts and measurements among r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s from la b o r ,
in d u s tr y , governm ent, p r iv a te r e se a rch a g e n c ie s , and academic
in s t i t u t i o n s sponsored b y the Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s and
th e D iv is io n o f S t a t i s t i c a l Standards o f the Bureau o f the
B udget.

4 . 087.

What Does P r o d u c t iv it y Measure? The Pulp and Paper In d u stry o f the
U nited S t a t e s . Seymour Melman. A r e v is io n o f the paper p resen ted
t o a p a n el s e s s io n o f the N a tion a l C onference on p r o d u c t iv it y in
W ashington, D. C ., June 1954, and as p u b lish e d in th e Paper Trade
J o u r n a l, August 6 , 1954. European P r o d u c t iv it y A gency, P r o d u c t iv it y
Measurement Review, August 195^, No. 6 (p p . 5 -1 7 )*
A d is c u s s io n o f some o f th e main determ inants o f p rod u c­
t i v i t y change. C ontains a s t a t i s t i c a l a n a ly s is o f a lt e r n a t iv e
labor-m achine c o s t s .

4 .0 8 8 .

Work Measurement. New P r in c ip le s and P roced u res.
New Y ork : Columbia U n iv e r s ity P r e s s , 1952.

Adam A b ru z z i.

A s c i e n t i f i c method o f m easuring p r o d u c t iv it y .

4 . 089.

Y a r d s tic k s o f P r o d u c t iv it y and Use o f P r o d u c t iv it y Concept in In d u stry .
Ewan C lagu e, Commissioner o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s . P resen ted b e fo r e th e
46th annual m eeting o f the American I n s t it u t e o f Chemical E n gin eers,
S t . L o u is, M iss o u r i, December l 4 , 1953* U. S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s ( l 6 p p . ) .
P r o d u c t iv it y measurement from a p la n t and n a tio n a l l e v e l ,
and in d u s tr y ’ s uses o f th ese m easures.




SECTION V
FACTORS AFFECTING PRODUCTIVITY

(See a ls o S e c tio n s I , I I and TV).

5 .0 0 1 .

American Genius f o r P r o d u c t iv it y .
V o l. 52 (pp. 86-87/).

G ilb e r t Burck.

F ortune, J u ly 1955,

Key f a c t o r r e s p o n s ib le f o r A m erica 's r a p id p r o d u c t iv it y
grow th; the p r a c t i c a l , econ om ic, am bitious young American
as an in d iv id u a l.
5 .0 0 2 .

American P r o d u c t iv it y .
and February I 9H6 (p p .

C. R. W alker.

F ortu n e, January 19*1-6 (p p . 150 ff.)

131 f f . ) .

New m achines, methods and m a te ria ls d evelop ed during the
war, f o r e l e c t r i c power, s y n th e tic ru b b er, e l e c t r o n i c s , and
a ir t r a n s p o r t a t io n , and t h e i r in flu e n c e on p r o d u c t iv it y in
o th e r in d u s t r ie s .
5 .0 0 3 .

A n a ly sis o f Work Decrement F a cto rs in a R e p e t it iv e I n d u s t r ia l
O p era tion . L ouis E. Davis and P. Dudley J o s s e ly n . Advanced
Management, A p r il 1953 (pp* 5 - 9 ) .
The r e s u lt o f resea rch con cern in g con sta n t e f f e c t i v e
o p e r a tio n tim e.

5.00*1-.

Are New Machines C u ttin g Down Jobs?
February 1 8, 1955 (3 p p . ) .

U. S. News and World R e p ort,

A nalyses o f econom ic data f o r the y ea rs
changes in p r o d u c t iv it y du rin g t h i s p e r io d .
5 .0 0 5 .

and

B alancing A m erica 's P r o d u c t iv it y . R. R obert U p d eg ra ff.
and Modern In d u stry , A p r il 1955 (pp* 37-38 & 8 7 -9 5 ).

Dun's Review

How we can keep the "machine f o r - g o o d - l i v i n g " o p e ra tin g
e ffic ie n tly .
5 .0 0 6 .

C o lo r , A New T o o l f o r In d u stry .
(p p . 117 f f . ) .

M ill and F a cto r y , O ctober 1953

The r e s u lt s o f a study c a r r ie d out b y U nited S ta tes
P u b lic H ealth S e r v ic e dem onstrates th a t b e t t e r l i g h t and
c o l o r c h o ic e s r e s u lt e d in in c r e a s e s in p r o d u c t iv it y .




-

91

-

- 92 5.007*

The Controversy is S t i l l Going Strong.
(pp. 112- 111+).

Business Week, March J, 1953

Seven companies in d iffe re n t industries report the resu lts
o f th e ir wage incentive systems.
5.008.

Diet and Physical E fficie n c y . Dr. H. W. Haggard and Dr. L. A. Greenberg.
New Haven: Yale U niversity Press, 1935 (180 p p .).
Changes in the "pattern o f produ ctivity" resu ltin g from
dietary d ifferen ces as observed on 213 in d u strial workers.

5.009.

Do Training Programs Work?

Business Week, July 21, 1956 (pp. 79-80)•

P rof. Zalesnik o f Harvard U niversity t e l l s why most present
company-imposed produ ctivity programs are in e ffe c tu a l. L ist
o f co lle g e s and industries that are doing research on th is
program.
5.010.

Dynamic Factors in In du strial P roductivity. Seymour Melman.
New York: John Wiley and Sons, I n c ., 1956 (238 p p .).
A te s t o f three hypotheses a ffe c tin g labor prod u ctivity:
( l ) Degree o f mechanization. (2) Ratio o f labor and
machine c o s t. ( 3 ) Growth o f administrative overhead.

5 .011.

Employee P roductivity in Department Stores. Elizabeth A. Burnham.
Harvard Business Review, July I 9I+9 (PP* 1+80-1+97).
Factors influencing employee p ro d u ctiv ity , and the
p o s s ib ilit y o f increasing produ ctivity through minimizing
lo s t sa les.

5.012.

Employee Understanding and Teamwork fo r Greater P rod u ctivity.
John P. T rox ell. New York: National A ssociation o f Manufacturers,
1951+ (96 p p .).
Three key concepts: Understanding, teamwork, and pro­
d u ctiv ity , discussed as the most important fa cto rs in
economic advancement.

5.013.

Employee’ s A ttitudes and Output. Rensis Likert and Stanley E. Seashore.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, June 1951+ (pp. 61+1-61+8). (Excerpts from "Manpower in the
United States: Problems and P o lic ie s ," published by Harper and
Brothers.)
The p o s s ib ilit ie s fo r increasing productive e ffo r t and
consequently produ ctivity through b e tte r management in the
u t iliz a t io n o f human resources.




- 93 5.01^.

The E rratic Behavior o f S teel P rod u ctivity.
October 13, 1956 (pp. 53-56).

Business Week,

Deciding fa cto r s on p ro d u ctiv ity 's future course in
the lig h t o f the Bureau o f Labor S ta tistics* an aly tical
study o f the s te e l industry, "Man-Hours per Unit o f
Output in the Basic S teel Industry."
5.015.

Factors A ffectin g Inter-Plant D ifferences in P roductivity.
Samuel Thompson. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s , 1951 (13 p p .) • (Reprinted from Indu strial P rod u ctivity,
1951 (pp. 212-22^), published by the In du strial Relations Research
A ssocia tion .)
D ifferences in man-hours per unit by industries and between
plants producing the same or sim ilar products, 19^9- 50.

5.016.

Factors A ffectin g P roductivity in the Metal Trades.
International Labour O ffic e , 1952 ( l l 6 p p .).

Geneva:

The means and methodology by which p rodu ctivity can be
increased in the metal trades, and the p rin cip les that
should be applied in the d istrib u tio n o f these gains.

5 .017 .

Group Gohesiveness as a Factor in In du strial Morale and P rod u ctivity.
Stanley E. Seashore. S ocial Psychology Program, Ann Arbor: University
o f Michigan, A pril 195^ (l66 p p .).
The important contribution o f group cohesiveness toward
higher morale and increases in p rodu ctivity is substantiated
by testin g in d u strial situation s with established groups o f
varied s iz e s , through questionnaires.

5.018.

Growth in Use o f Power Equipment in the U. S ., 18^9- 1923. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, July 1928 (pp. 36- 38) .
A United States G eological Survey study rela tes the
development o f power equipment in each o f the major fie ld s
o f in d u stria l a c t iv it y to the number o f employees.

5.019.

A Guide to Raising P rodu ctivity. New York: United Nations Organization,
United Nations B u lletin , July 15, 1953 > V ol. 1*1- (pp. k2J-k29) .
The importance o f cooperation on the part o f government,
employers, and workers, to attain higher prod u ctivity.




- 9k 5.020.

Higher P roductivity in Manufacturing In du stries. Geneva: International
Labour Organization. Studies and Reports, 199k (195 p p .) .
General conditions a ffe c tin g p rodu ctivity within industries
and within plan ts.

5.021.

H istory o f American Technology.
Ronald P ress, 1956 (676 p p .).

John W. O liver.

New York:

The

A review o f the ro le o f science and technology in the
development o f the United States, describing progress in
agricu ltu re, manufacturing, communications, and transportation.
5.022.

Hours o f Work and Output. Max Davis Kossoris and R einfried F. Kobler,
et a l. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s . B u ll.
No. 917, 19^7 (160 p p .).
Deals prim arily with case studies o f working hours, output
and other influencing fa cto rs in promoting in d u strial
e ffic ie n c y .

5.023.

How Necessary i s Automation to America. Ewan Clague, Commissioner
o f U. S. Department o f Labor’ s Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s . Presented
at the U niversity o f Chicago, November Ik, 1955 (15 p p .).
Factors which influence the introduction o f new technology,
with possib le e ffe c t s o f automation on occupations and indus­
t r ie s as w ell as more general e ffe c t s on the economy as a whole.

5.02k.

How to Increase P roductivity in Small Plants. F. K. Shallenberger.
Mechanical Engineering, May 1952 (pp. 38k-388).
The problems o f increasing produ ctivity in a small plant
where weakness in nonmanufacturing fu nctions—sales c r e d it,
fin an ce, procurement personnel—are as lik e ly to be the
b a sic causes o f low p rodu ctivity as shortcomings in the
production fu n ction s.

5.025.

Human Factors in Management.
Rev. Ed. (327 p p .).

New York:

Harper and Brothers, 1951,

Includes case studies on p rodu ctivity and human re la tio n s.
5.026.

Increased Output Becomes a Bone o f Contention.
August 11, 1956 (pp. .129-131).

Business Week,

"The Three-Year Rise in Labor P rod u ctivity"—how much is
due t o increased worker e ffo r t and e ffic ie n c y , and how much
t o management expenditures and planning in the form o f new
machinery and b etter methods.




- 95 5 .0 2 7 .

In cre a se d P r o d u c t iv it y . I n d u s t r ia l R e la tio n s S e s s io n . New Y ork:
American Ir o n and S t e e l I n s t i t u t e , Y earbook, 1951 (p p . 7 5 -1 0 8 ).
Four papers p resen ted at th e I n d u s t r ia l R e la tio n s S e s s io n ,
May 2 k , 1951s In crea sed P r o d u c t iv it y Through S a fe ty and
A ccid en t P r e v e n tio n , Hjalman W. Johnson; In crea sed Produc­
t i v i t y Through I n c e n t iv e s , R. Conrad C ooper; In crea sed •
P r o d u c t iv it y Through Human R e la t io n s , C h arles L. H ouston, J r . ;
In cre a se d P r o d u c t iv it y Through T ra in in g o r Through G uiding the
Employee, Joseph S . Kopas.

5 .0 2 8 .

In c r e a s in g Labor E f f i c i e n c y through Worker T ra in in g and Improved
Labor R e la t io n s . Lawrence M. Vaughan. Jou rn a l o f Farm E conom ics,
November 1955 (p p . 827- 836) .
The problem s th a t a r is e i n a l l ty p e s o f farm work and a
d is c u s s io n o f th ose in v o lv e d in t r a in in g farm w orkers as
compared w ith in d u s tr y ’ s worker p roblem s.

5 .0 2 9 .

In cr e a s in g P r o d u c t iv it y and T e c h n o lo g ic a l Improvements in Defense
I n d u s t r ie s . L. A. E p stein and I r v in g H. S ie g e l. U. S. Department
o f L abor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Monthly Labor Review,
January 19^2 (p p . 314—1*3).
Developments which were o f b e n e f it in th e d efen se program .

5 .0 3 0 .

I n d u s t r ia l P r o d u c t iv it y . Seymour Melman.
J u ly 1955, V o l. 193 (PP- 3 3 -3 5 ).

S c i e n t i f i c Am erican,

The r a t i o between la b o r and m achinery c o s t s as the f a c t o r
which determ ines how much a worker can produce in d i f f e r e n t
p e r io d s and in d i f f e r e n t c o u n t r ie s .
5 .0 3 1 .

I n d u s t r ia l P r o d u c t iv it y . Ann A rb or: U n iv e r s ity o f M ichigan,
I n d u s t r ia l R e la tio n s Research A s s o c ia t io n , December 1951,
P u b lic a t io n No. 7 (22k p p . ) .
Twelve a r t i c l e s on s p e c ia l a s p e cts o f p r o d u c t iv it y .
The f i n a l a r t i c l e d is c u s s e s in t e r p la n t d iff e r e n c e s in
p r o d u c t iv it y u sin g s p e c ia l ta b u la tio n s o f data o f the
U. S. Department o f L abor’ s Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s .

5 .0 3 2 .

I n d u s t r ia l P r o d u c t iv it y in R e la tio n t o the Cost o f Management.
Seymour Melman. P r o d u c t iv it y Measurement Review, May 1956, No. 5
(p p . 5 - 20 ) .




A t e s t o f the assum ption th a t changes in management c o s t
and in d u s t r ia l p r o d u c t iv it y are c l o s e l y r e la t e d .

-

5 .0 3 3 .

96

-

I n d u s t r ia l T ra in in g in the S o v ie t U nion. W alter G alenson.
and Labor R e la tio n s Review , J u ly 1956 (p p . 562-57 6 ) .

I n d u s t r ia l

D e s c r ip tio n o f the S o v ie t t r a in in g program aimed p r im a r ily
tow ard in c r e a s in g la b o r p r o d u c t iv it y .

5 .03^.

I n f l a t i o n o r D e fla t io n ? Durns Says Both Must Be A void ed . Arthur
F. Burns. The f u l l t e x t o f an address by Mr. Burns, the P r e s id e n t ’ s
A d v is e r , b e fo r e the N a tion a l F ed era tion o f F in a n c ia l A n a ly s ts '
S o c i e t i e s in B oston , on May 2 1 , 1956. U. S. News and W orld R e p o rt,
June 1 , 1956 (p p . 1 2 6 -1 2 9 ).
A f o r e c a s t o f con tin u ed econom ic growth in U nited S ta te s
w ith a stu dy o f c o n t r ib u t in g f a c t o r s — te c h n o lo g y , m anagerial
p la n n in g , r e s e a r c h , and c a p i t a l investm ent a l l h e lp in g t o
in c r e a s e in d u s t r ia l p r o d u c t iv it y .

5 .0 3 5 .

I n t e r n a t io n a l R ed u ction o f Working Hours and Labor P r o d u c t iv it y
In d u stry and L abor. Genevas I n te r n a tio n a l Labour O f f i c e ,

February 1950 (pp. 1 1 9 - 1 2 1 ) .
The t e c h n o lo g ic a l p r o g r e s s made in modern s c ie n c e and
in d u s t r ia l methods and th e e f f e c t s o f th ese and oth er
changes on p r o d u c t iv it y .
5 .0 3 6 .

An I n v e s t ig a t io n o f Rest P au ses, Working C o n d itio n s , and I n d u s t r ia l
E f f i c i e n c y . W estern E l e c t r i c C o ., P rog ress R e p o rt, May 1 1 , 1929
(lli -6 p p . ) .
R esearch on c o n t r o l groups a t the Hawthorne p la n t o f th e
W estern E l e c t r i c Co.

5 .0 3 7 .

Investm ent C r it e r ia in Development. A lfr e d E. Kahn. Q u a rterly
Jou rn a l o f E conom ics, February 1951, V o l. 65 (p p . 38- 61) .
The " r u le o f m arginal p r o d u c t iv it y " as a guide t o in v e s t ­
ment. Underdeveloped areas should choose in d u s t r ie s and
tech n iq u es r e q u ir in g a low er c a p i t a l /l a b o r r a t i o than th a t
p r e v a ilin g in d evelop ed c o u n t r ie s .

5 .0 3 8 .

Job Enlargement B oosts P ro d u c tio n . John Kord Lagermann.
B u sin e s s, December 1951*-, V o l. k2 (p p . 3^ -37) •

N a tio n 's

A system a tic r a t in g o f te n m orale f a c t o r s , b y s u p e rv iso r s
and b y em ployees, and t h e ir va lu e toward in c r e a s in g p rod u c­
t i o n and p r o d u c t iv it y in the p la n t .




- 97 -

5.039*

Labor P r o d u c t iv it y . L. B. W heildon.
R e p o rt, 19*+6, V o l. 11 (p p . 6I49- 662) .

W ashington:

E d it o r ia l R esearch

Reviews the p r in c ip a l fin d in g s on p r o d u c t iv it y in the
U nited S ta te s o v er the l a s t c e n tu r y . A nalyzes examples
o f labor-management c o o p e r a tiv e e f f o r t s t o in cre a s e p r o ­
d u c t iv it y and comments on th e r e s u lt s o f the r e s e a rc h .
5.0*40.

Labor P r o d u c t iv it y and S iz e o f E stablish m en t. J . Johnson. O xford :
B a s il B la ck w ell and M ott, L td . B u ll, o f the O xford U n iv e rs ity
I n s t it u t e o f S t a t i s t i c s , November-December 195*4, V o l. l 6 (p p . 3 3 9 -3 6 l) •
An e x p lo r a t io n o f the s t a t i s t i c a l paradox o f th e c o n f l i c t i n g
r e s u lt s th a t emerge a cco rd in g t o the c l a s s i f i c a t i o n methods
adopted.

5.0*41.

L ev els o f E x p e cta tio n in P r o d u c t iv it y . R. G. S t a n s fie ld .
P s y ch o lo g y , January 1951> V o l. 2 5 , No. 1 (p p . 25-3*0 •

O ccu p a tion a l

The e x p e c ta tio n o f person s im m ediately around i s s tu d ie d
as one o f the most p ow erfu l f a c t o r s in in c r e a s in g p rod u c­
t i v i t y in m anufacturing.
5.0*4-2.

M echanization in In d u stry . Harry Jerom e.
o f Economic R esearch , 193*+ (*tS*+ p p . ) .

New Y ork:

N a tion a l Bureau

F a ctors d eterm inin g th e r a p id it y and the e f f e c t s o f mechani­
z a tio n in m anufacturing, c o n s t r u c t io n , a g r ic u lt u r e ,a n d m ining.
M echanical changes and d a tes o f in t r o d u c t io n . B a sic data from
f i e l d s t u d ie s , m ailed su rv ey s, and government s o u r ce s .
5.0*4-3.

M echanization Versus Wages. Seymour Melman.
A p r il 1953, V o l. 6 (p p . 169- l T l ) .

Economic D ig e s t,

The s u b s t it u t io n o f m achinery f o r la b o r as an econom ic
p r o p o s it io n .
5 . 0 *+*4-.

Morale and P r o d u c t iv it y . D ick C a rlso n . A case study in management
v ie w p o in ts , C a lifo r n ia P erson n el Management A s s o c ia t io n . Management
Report 1952, No. 150 (1*4- p p . ) .
E xperien ce o f th e Farm Bureau Insurance Companies o f
Columbus, Ohio i s p re se n te d .

5.0*4-5.

M otiv a tion and In cre a s e d P r o d u c t iv it y .
R ecord , A p r il 1956 (p p . 1 2 8 -1 3 1 ).

R en sis L ik e r t .

Management

F in din gs em erging from re se a rch on management p r a c t ic e s
and in d u s t r ia l p r o d u c t iv it y .




-

5 -0 4 6 .

98

-

Nine I n c e n tiv e P lans in a Two Hundred Man P la n t.
Advanced Management, December 1953 (p p . 9-17)•

F . R. L arrabee.

R e la tio n s h ip o f wage in c r e a s e s and o v e r a ll p r o d u c t iv it y ,
and p r o d u c t iv it y and c o o p e r a tio n , are among the in c e n tiv e
p la n s d is c u s s e d .
5 .0 ^ 7 .

Our M ira cle o f P r o d u c t iv it y . W ashington: Chamber o f Commerce o f
th e U nited S t a t e s , Economic Research Department, A p r il 195^-> B u ll.
No. 30 (7 P P .)T races the h is t o r y o f p r o d u c t iv it y in c r e a s e s in U nited
S ta te s and s t r e s s e s in c e n t iv e s , p o s s ib le o n ly in a f r e e
economy, as the prim ary f a c t o r r e s p o n s ib le f o r th ese
advances.

5 .0 ^ 8 .

P r e d ic t in g Group P r o d u c t iv it y . Norman G ekoski.
I n c . W inter 1952 (p p . 2 8 1 -2 9 2 ).

P erson n el P s y ch o lo g y ,

R e la tio n s h ip o f group c h a r a c t e r is t ic s t o in d u s try
p r o d u c t iv it y .
5 .0 ^ 9 .

P r o d u c t iv it y .
(p p . 1^ - 18) .

S ir G e o ffr e y Heyworth.

Advanced Management, March 1951

The chairman o f Lever B roth ers and U n ilev er d e s c r ib e s how
in c e n t iv e p lan s and p r o d u ctio n s tu d ie s have r a is e d p rod u c­
t i v i t y in h is fir m ’ s esta b lish m en ts in s e v e r a l c o u n t r ie s .
5 .0 5 0 .

P r o d u c t iv it y : An Economic and S o c ia l C hallenge t o American L ea d ersh ip .
Leo Teplow . Advanced Management, February 195^ (3 p p .) •
The m ajor f a c t o r s u n d erly in g our le a d e r s h ip in high p rod u c­
t i v i t y a r e : m echanical in g e n u ity ; re a d in e s s t o c o o p e r a te ; our
tremendous re se a rch f a c i l i t i e s ; and our p aten t system .

5 .0 5 1 .

P r o d u c t iv it y and A ttitu d e Toward S u p e r v is o r . C. H. Lawshe and
Bryant F . N agle. Jou rn a l o f A p p lied P sy ch o lo g y , June 1953> V o l. 37
(p p . 159- 162) .
The r e la t io n s h ip between employee

5 .0 5 2 .

P r o d u c t iv it y and Human R e la t io n s .
Review. May 19^7 (p p . ^-12-^22).

a t t it u d e s and p r o d u c t iv it y .

W. Duane Evans.

American Economic

B a sic causes f o r d e lib e r a t e r e s t r i c t i o n in output p r a c t ic e d
b y w orkers and recommendations th a t an understanding o f human
b e h a v io r i s e s s e n t ia l t o the s o lu t io n o f the problem .




- 99 -

5.053*

P r o d u c t iv it y , Employment, and L iv in g S tandards. Ewan C lague.
U. S . Department o f L abor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , 19%
(1 4 p p . ) .
P r o d u c t iv it y l e v e l s in the U nited S ta te s and how
th ese l e v e l s have been a ch ie v e d .

5 .0 5 ^ .

P r o d u c t iv it y in C oa l M ines. Geneva: In te r n a tio n a l Labour O f f i c e ,
C oal Mines Committee, 1951 (178 p p . ) .
F a ctors in flu e n c in g p r o d u c t iv it y under fo u r h ead in g s:
n a tu ra l c o n d it io n s ; t e c h n ic a l c o n d it io n s ; o r g a n iz a tio n
and management and w orking c o n d it io n s .

5 .0 5 5 *

P r o d u c t iv it y in the S a la r ie d O rg a n iza tion . Merle C. H ale, D ir e c t o r ,
S a la r ie d P erson n el A c t i v i t y , G eneral M otors C o rp o ra tio n . B e rk e le y :
C a lifo r n ia P erson n el Management A s s o c ia t io n . Management R eport
No. 1 5 6 , 1 9 5 2 ( 1 ^ p p . ) .
The r o le o f the s a la r ie d o r g a n iz a tio n in im proving p rod u c­
t i v i t y . The bonus p la n inaugurated b y G eneral Motors i s
d e s c r ib e d w ith r e s u lt s n oted .

5 . 056 .

P r o d u c t iv it y : How t o In cre a se I t . New Y ork: N a tion a l I n d u s t r ia l
C onference B oard, C onference Board Management R ecord , June 1 9 5 0 ,
V o l.

12 ( p p . 2 2 6 -2 2 7 ).

Summary o f a c o n f e r e n c e a t t h e 3 1 2 t h m e e t i n g o f t h e
N a t i o n a l I n d u s t r i a l C o n f e r e n c e B o a r d i n New Y o r k ,
M a rch 2 3 , 1 9 5 0 .

5.057*

P r o d u c tiv ity i s
A p r il 1952 (p p .

an A t t i t u d e .

3k

P e t e r F. D ru ck e r.

N a tio n ’ s B u s in e s s ,

ff.).

A summary o f c o n c lu s io n s reached b y European businessm en,
t e c h n ic ia n s , e d u c a to r s , w orkers and union o f f i c i a l s a f t e r
an exam ination o f our econom ic system and in d u s t r ia l
te c h n iq u e s .

5 . 058 .

P r o d u c t iv it y o f Food M arketing P e rso n n e l. M artin K riesb erg and
R. W. H oecker. U. S . Department o f A g r ic u lt u r e . The Jou rn al o f
M arketing, A p r il 195^ (pp« 3 8 7 -3 9 2 ).




How f o o d m a r k e t i n g p r o d u c t i v i t y c a n b e

im p r o v e d .

-

5 .0 5 9 .

100

P r o d u c t iv it y o f L abor. Geneva: In te r n a tio n a l Labour O f f i c e .
o f D ir e c t o r G en eral, 1950 (p p . 7 7 -1 1 4 ).

R eport

Reviews the p r in c ip a l f a c t o r s in flu e n c in g the l e v e l and
growth o f p r o d u c t iv it y and su gg ests s p e c i f i c s tu d ie s t o be
undertaken. Emphasizes the need f o r r e c o n c ilin g the claim s
o f w orkers f o r s e c u r it y o f employment and income w ith an
a l l - o u t d r iv e f o r h ig h er p r o d u c t iv it y .

5 . 060.

P r o d u c t iv it y o f Labor in Peace and War. Solomon F a b r ica n t. New Y ork:
N a tion a l Bureau o f Economic R esearch , O cca sio n a l Paper No. 7 ,
September 1942 (28 p p . ) .
C o n sid e ra tio n o f f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g output p er man-hour during
peace and war.

5 . 061 .

P roductivity o f Labor in the Cotton-Garment Industry. N. I . Stone.
U. S . Department o f L abor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , November 1938,
B u ll. No. 662 (139 p p . ) .
Data based on a f i e l d stu dy made during 1934-36 in l l 6
p la n t s . O rg a n iza tion o f the in d u s tr y , the m achinery used
and th e p r o c e s s e s o f m anufacture. P r o d u c t iv it y d ata b y
o p e r a t io n , p r ic e o f s h i r t , and system o f p r o d u c tio n .

5 . 062 .

P r o d u c t iv it y : P r o s p e c tiv e Trends and H i s t o r ic a l F a c t o r s . Leon G reenberg.
Paper p resen ted b e fo r e the Dartmouth C onference on Economic Growth,
Dartmouth C o lle g e , June 2 1 , 1956. U. S. Department o f L abor, Bureau
o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , 1956 (15 P P «)«
Problem s o f measurement and f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g p r o d u c t iv it y .

5 . 063.

P roductivity Rush: Industry Boosts: Output per Worker to Trim Labor
M aterial Costs. Wall Street Journal, August 9 , 1955*
Methods employed by v a rio u s m anufacturers t o a t t a in g r e a te r
p r o d u c t iv it y , w ith a d is c u s s io n on th e d is t r ib u t io n b e n e f it s
thus r e a liz e d .

5 .0 6 4 .

P r o d u c t iv it y Stands S t i l l . H. A. Balke and G. C. Thompson. N a tion a l
I n d u s t r ia l C onference B oard, C onference Board B u siness R ecord ,
February 1952, V o l. 9 (p p . 7 2 -7 7 ).
F a cto rs r e s p o n s ib le f o r ga in s o r d e c lin e s in p r o d u c t iv it y
from a survey o f 137 m anufacturing fir m s .

5 . 065 .

P roductivity:

S t i l l Going Up.

Sumner S lic h te r.

The A tla n tic,

J u ly 1 9 5 2 , V o l. 1 9 0 (p p . 6 4 -6 8 ).
Reason f o r the a c c e le r a t e d r a te o f p r o d u c t iv it y in c r e a s e s
in U nited S t a t e s .




-

5.066.

101

P r o d u c t iv it y , S u p e rv isio n and Employee M orale. A r e p o r t from th e
Survey R esearch C enter o f th e U n iv e r s ity o f M ichigan, November 2 2 , 19^8,
Study No. 6 (22 p p . ) .
F in din gs from a study o f c l e r i c a l w orkers in the P ru d e n tia l
Insurance Company o f Am erica.

5 .0 6 7.

P r o d u c t iv it y , S u p e r v is io n , and M orale Among R a ilro a d W orkers.
D a n iel K atz. Ann A rb or: U n iv e r s ity o f M ichigan, Survey Research
C en ter, I n s t it u t e f o r S o c ia l R esearch , 1951 ( 6 l p p . ) .
R e la tio n s h ip o f p r o d u c t iv it y w ith s u p e r v is io n and employee
a t t it u d e s .

5.068.

P r o d u c t iv it y , S u p e rv isio n and Morale in an O f f ic e S it u a t io n .
D aniel K atz, Nathan Maccoby, and Nancy C. M orse. Ann A rb or:
U n iv e r s ity o f M ichigan, Survey Research C en ter, I n s t it u t e f o r
S o c ia l R esearch , 1950 (8^ p p . ) .
The r e la t io n s h ip between p r o d u c t iv it y and v a riou s
a t t it u d e s and a c t io n s o f the s u p e rv iso r s and o f members
o f the group from a study o f U19 c l e r i c a l em ployees and
2k s u p e rv is o r s in the home o f f i c e o f the P ru d e n tia l L ife
In suran ce Company.

5 . 069 .

P r o d u c t iv it y , the Key t o N a tion a l S e c u r it y . H arold Glenn M oulton.
Time Study and Methods C onference P r o c e e d in g s , 1951. Sponsored b y
the S o c ie t y f o r Advancement o f Management and the American S o c ie t y
o f M echanical E n gin eers. New Y ork: Advanced Management, 1951
(p p . 5 2 -5 9 ).
F a ctors in flu e n c in g p r o d u c t iv it y such as the s ig n if ic a n c e
o f s c i e n t i f i c and t e c h n o lo g ic a l advances, and improvements
in b u s in e s s o r g a n iz a tio n and m anagerial p o l i c i e s .

5 .0 7 0 .

P rog ress in P r o d u c t iv it y and Pay, A l l U. S. M anufacturing Combined.
A lle n W. Rucker. Cambridge: The E ddy-R ucker-N ickels C o ., 1 9 5 2
(7 2 p p . ) .

P r o d u c t iv it y as a f a c t o r in wage p o l i c y .
5 .0 7 1 .

P s y c h o lo g is t s a t Work.

B usiness Week.

September 1 9 , 1953 (PP* 52-5*0 •

Workers* a t t it u d e as a key f a c t o r in r a is in g p r o d u c t iv it y .
5 .0 7 2 .

R e la tio n o f Energy Output t o P rod u ction in the U nited S t a t e s .
J . F r e d e r ic Dewhurst. S o c ia l S c ie n c e , O ctober 19*+8 (p p . 2 0 7 -2 1 7 ).
The s ig n if ic a n c e o f the s h i f t from animate energy sou rces
t o inanim ate o r m echanical en ergy .




-

5 .0 7 3 .

102

-

"R esearch F in din gs in Employee Morale and P r o d u c t iv it y " in Making
P erson n el P r a c t ic e s Pay O f f . New Y ork : American Management
A s s o c ia t io n , P erson n el S e r ie s No. 151 , 1953 (6*4- p p . ) .
The r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f the s u p e rv iso r in prom oting p rod u c­
t i v i t y in c r e a s e s .

. ^.

5 07

R e s t r ic t io n o f Output Among U norganized W orkers. S . B. Mathewson.
(W ith ch a p ters b y W. M. L e is e r s o n , H. S. Dennison, and A. E. M organ.)
New Y ork: The V ik in g P r e s s , 1931 (212 p p . ) .
Examples o f how and why w orkers a n d /or t h e ir immediate
s u p e rio r s r e s t r i c t ou tp u t. Based on in te rv ie w s w ith
approxim ately 350 w orkers and 65 e x e c u t iv e s .

5 .0 7 5 .

T h e R o l e o f R e s e a r c h i n E c o n o m ic G r o w t h .
a n d E n g i n e e r i n g N e w s, J u l y 1 8 , 1955 (P P *

R . H. E w e ll.

C h e m ic a l

2980- 2985) .

F a cto rs a f f e c t i n g p r o d u c t iv it y changes and the p a rt
r e se a rc h and development p la y s in p r o d u c t iv it y advances.
5 .0 7 6 .

S c i e n c e a n d t h e C h a n g in g F a c e o f I n d u s t r y — T h e S o c i a l P h a s e .

A lexander K ing. Impact o f S cien ce on S o c ie t y , March 1956,
V o l. V I I , No. 1 (p p . 3 - 3 0 ) .
Summary o f r e la t io n s h ip o f s c ie n c e t o t e c h n o lo g ic a l
developm ents and p r o d u c t iv it y , p lu s comments on economic
and s o c i a l im p lic a t io n s .
5 .0 7 7 .

S i g n i f i c a n c e o f N o n m e c h a n ic a l F a c t o r s i n L a b o r P r o d u c t i v i t y a n d
D is p la c e m e n t.
W illia m G . R o y la n c e .
U . S . D e p a r tm e n t o f L a b o r ,
B u r e a u o f - L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s , M o n t h ly L a b o r R e v i e w , N o v e m b e r 1933

(p p .

1028- 1038) .

In c r e a s in g p r o d u c t iv it y through im proving w orking con ­
d i t i o n s , the arrangement o f t o o l s and m achinery, and
s ta n d a r d iz a tio n o f m a t e r ia ls .
5 .0 7 8 .

The S u p erv isor and P r o d u c t iv it y . L ouis E. D avis. (Paper p resen ted
b e fo r e A ir Transport A s s o c ia t io n , Annual E n gin eerin g and Maintenance
C on feren ce, San F r a n c is c o , 195^*) Jou rn a l o f P erson n el A d m in istra tion
and I n d u s t r ia l R e la t io n s , Summer 1955 (pp* 56-7*0*
R a isin g p r o d u c t iv it y l e v e l s b y u t i l i z i n g p o t e n t ia ls a v a i l ­
a b le in in cre a s e d m o tiv a tio n .

5 .0 7 9 .

S u re, I

C o u ld P r o d u c e M o r e .

C a r lt o n B ra dsh aw .

H a r p e r ’ s M a g a z in e ,

May 19^7, V o l. 19*4- (p p . 396-*»Ol).
A union member d is c u s s e s th e is s u e o f m o tiv a tin g w orkers
t o produce more g ood s.




- 103 -

5 .0 8 0 .

T echn ology Takes Over th e Farra--and the Fanner.
June 6 , 1953 (p p . 1 1 6 -1 2 6 ).

B u siness Week,

F a cto rs in farm p r o d u ctio n in c r e a s e s ov er the p a st

15 y e a r s .
5 .0 8 1 .

U. S. Output Gains Found D ecreased.
November 2 3 , 1956 ( l p . ) .

Joseph A. L o ft u s .

New York Tim es,

The causes and p o s s ib le r e s u lt s o f a p r o d u c t iv it y slow ­
down betw een f i r s t h a lf o f 1955 and f i r s t h a lf o f 1956.
5 .0 8 2 .

What A i l s P r o d u c t iv it y ?

B u siness Week, May 5 , 1951 (p p .

6k- 7 2 ) .

Solomon F a brica n t i s qu estion ed about the f a c t o r s a f f e c t i n g
the apparent d e c lin e in m anufacturing p r o d u c t iv it y du rin g the
19k0 *s .

5 . 083.

What Makes A m erica 's In d u stry Strong? Harry Lee W addell. F a ctory
Management and M aintenance, February 1951> V o l. 109 (p p . 80- 83 ) .
E xcerp ts from Anglo-Am erican team r e p o r ts on American
a t t it u d e s th a t promote high p r o d u c t iv it y .

5 .0 8 k .

What Makes Them Want t o Work?
(p p . 1 1 9 -1 3 1 ).

B u siness Week, August 2 8 , 195k

F a cto rs th a t in flu e n c e the p r o d u c t iv it y and the s a t i s f a c ­
t i o n o f w orkers in la r g e o r g a n iz a t io n s .

5 . 085.

W hat's Behind the New Farm C r i s i s .
(p p . 106- 126) .

B u siness Week, December 1 0, 1955

New te c h n iq u e s , more m achinery and m u lt ip lie d use o f
f e r t i l i z e r as key f a c t o r s in th e fa r m e r 's econom ic
p rogress.
5 .0 8 6 .

The Why and How o f Wage I n c e n t iv e s . Bruce Payne.
Modern In d u str y , January 195k (p p . 60-62 f f . ) .

Dun's Review and

The n e c e s s it y o f a w e ll th ou g h t-ou t p la n t o in c r e a s e p r o ­
d u c t iv it y b y in c e n t iv e program s.

6 . 087 .

W ill to Work More E ffe c tiv e ly . R. C. Cooper.
July 1 9 5 2 , V ol. 1 7 (pp. l k - l 6 ) .

Advanced Management,

P r in c ip le s t o f o llo w in in flu e n c in g th e w i l l o f the
em ployees t o work more e f f e c t i v e l y t o in c r e a s e la b o r
p r o d u c t iv it y .
449922 0

-

58-8




-

5.088.

104 -

Winning Workers t o P r o d u c t iv it y . Modem In d u stry (now Dun's Review
and Modem I n d u s t r y ), December 19^6 (p p . ^ 9 -5 2 ).




The r e s u lt s o f a s p e c ia l study o f p la n ts aimed t o o v e r ­
come employee o p p o s it io n toward in c r e a s in g p r o d u c t iv it y .

SECTION VI
PRODUCTIVITY AND THE ECONOMY
(Includes m aterial dealing with the relation sh ip o f produ ctivity to
economic growth)*
6*001.

Advances in Productivity-—Past, Present and Future* Eighth Annual
Labor-Management Conference* In stitu te o f Management and Labor
Relations, A pril 20, 1956 (9U pp.)*
Examination o f available information regarding the s t a t is t ic s
o f past and lik e ly future increases in produ ctivity and analysis
o f the p oten tia l impact on industry and commerce. Papers: What
i s Happening to P roductivity? Ewan Clague; The Outlook fo r In­
creasing P roductivity, Elmer C. Easton; Technology and the Human
Factor, Robert H* Quest; A Labor Viewpoint, Elmer Walker; A
Management Viewpoint, I . D. Robbins*

6.002.

The American Economy in 1970.
1955 ( p p * 68-78).

Engineering News Record.

February 17,

Estimates o f produ ctivity changes over the years fo r selected
services and manufacturing in d u stries.
6.003*

The American Economy — I ts Problems and Prospects.
New York* A lfred A. Knopf, I n c ., 191*8 (21k PP*)*

Sumner S lichter*

Basic ch a ra cteristics o f the American economy* The long-run
prospects and the outlook with regard to liv in g standards are
analyzed and appraised in the fin a l chapters.
6*00U*

The American Economy — Prospects fo r Growth 1950-1960-1970.
York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 195U (p . 21 f f . )•

New

An assumed produ ctivity increase i s used in projection s o f
the national economy.
6.005.

American P roductivity and Full Employment* Paul Stanchfield* U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor Review,
February 1952 (pp. 125-129).
An analysis by a French study group*

6.006*

America's Needs and Resources. J. Frederic Dewhurst and Associates*
New York: The Twentieth Century Fund, 19h7 (812 p p .).
Includes a chapter on the 1950 and I960 patterns o f such ba sic
s t a t is t ic s o f the economy as prod u ctivity, employment, income
consumption, and expenditures, based on prewar and current
economic trends*




- 105

6.007•

America's Needs and Resources, A New Survey. J. Frederic Devhurst
and A ssociates. Sequence to America's Needs and Resources, published
in 19U7» New York: The Twentieth Century Fund, 1955 (lli|8 ppo)«
Includes a chapter on tech n ologica l advances, new products
and techniques, w elfare, and th e ir e ffe c t s on American pro­
d u ctiv ity and the economy as a whole.

6.008.

Can We Survive Technology.
(pp. 106-108).

John Von Neumann.

Fortune, June 1955

A look at man's economic prospects by 1980.
6.009*

C ontrolling Factors in Economic Development. Harold 0 . Moulton.
Washington: The Brookings In s titu tio n , 1935 (398 p p .).
Forces and fa ctors which accounted fo r the economic progress
o f the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, an estimate
o f the economic p o te n tia litie s o f the century ahead, and pro­
d u c tiv ity 's contribution to th is progress.

6.010.

Economic Challenge o f Longevity. A llen W. Rucker.
Review, November 195i» (pp* 9U-102).

Harvard Business

P rojecting economic fa c t o r s , 1910-1953-1975*
6.011.

The Engine: Rising P roductivity.
1955, V ol. 51 (pp. 66-69 f f * ) .

G ilbert Burck.

Fortune, January

One o f a series on "The New Economy" dealing with produc­
t i v i t y from a broad h is to r ic a l approach and viewing with
optimism the prospects fo r continuous American advance. Two
pages o f charts contain international comparisons and trends
fo r farm and nonfarm products.
6.012.

A Forecast o f Production in 1980.
(pp. 158-165).

Business Week, August 15, 1953

A report to executives on estimated economic and technologi­
c a l changes in industry by 1980*
6.013.

Forecasting Postwar Demand: I I I . Jacob L. Mosak.
January 19k$, V ol. 13 (pp. 25-37)*

Econometrica,

Forecast o f Gross National Product assuming 19lii: produ ctivity
le v e l.




- 107 6.011*.

The General Outlook fo r the American Economy, 191*9-1960.
The Econometric In s titu te , I n c ., June 19h9 (u6 p p .).

New York*

S ta tis tic s o f population, in d u stria l production, labor fo rce ,
employment, p rodu ctivity, unit labor costs and p r ic e s , and
income are forecast fo r the period 19l*9 to I960.
6.015.

The Growth Potentials o f Our Economy, (from Economic Report to
Congress), U. S. News and World Report, January 28, 1955 (p . 1*5)*
P roductivity increases and u sefu l employment opportunities
as the core to economic expansion.

6. 016.

Growth Trends in P roductivity, Consumption, and Investment.
Apel. S ocial Research, Summer 1956, V ol. 23 (pp. 127-150).

Hans

Fundamental im plications o f produ ctivity trends ckiring the
la st quarter o f a century fo r the consumption function as w ell
as fo r the growth requirements o f the economy at la rge.
6.017.

The Influence o f P roductivity on Economic Welfare.
Economic Journal, March 1952, V ol. 62 (pp. 68-86).

J. Tinbergen.

The e ffe c t s o f an increase in produ ctivity on d iffe re n t
types o f economic models. Concludes that an increase in
produ ctivity does not invariably lead to favorable r e su lts .
6.018.

Jobs A fter the War. E. A. Goldenweiser and Everett E. Hagen.
Federal Reserve B u lletin , May 191*1*, V ol. 30 (pp. l*2l*-i*31).
Estimated gross national product per worker in 191*7
based on an assumed produ ctivity in crease.

6.019.

Living Costs, Prices and P roductivity. Frederick C. M ills .
o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s , February 191*8 (pp. 6 -8 ).

Review

Discussion o f United States Economic problems 1939-1*7 and
suggestions oh how to adjust fo r sound economic growth.
6.020.

Living Standards and P roductivity. Jesse Burkhead. Review o f
Economics and S ta tis t ic s , August 1951, V ol. 33 (p p.21*1-21*7).




The relation sh ip between personal disposable income and
gross national product, and the fa ctors which determine the
le v e l o f gross national product. P roductivity changes fo r
the economy as a whole from 19l*0 to 19l*9.

-

6.021,

108

-

Long Range Economic P rojection , Princeton: Princeton U niversity
Press, Studies in Income and Wealth, 1955, V ol.
A chapter by John W. Kendrick, e n title d "National Productivity
and i t s Long-Term P rojectio n ," (pp. 67-101*),

6.022,

National Income, A Summary o f Findings, Simon Kuznets,
National Bureau o f Economic Research, 191*6 (II4J4. pp,)*

New York;

The structure o f national income during the two decades
between the two world wars, and the longer term changes in
i t and i t s components, as revealed by estimates fo r the
seven decades 1869-1938,
6.023,

The National Output at Full Employment in 1950, Everett E, Hagen and
Nora Boddy Kirkpatrick. The American Economic Review, September 19l*l*,
V ol. 3k (pp* 1*72-500).
An analysis o f 5 components o f the economic system: the Armed
Forces, c iv ilia n government, agricu ltu re, "Industry Group A"
(mining, manufacturing, ra ilroa d s, e le c t r ic power and gas u t i l ­
i t i e s , and con stru ction ), and "Industry Group B" (trade, communi­
cations and a l l other nonagricultural in dustry). P roductivity
trends ("gross value added" in 1939 prices per man-hour fo r
Industry Group A and Industry Group B) were extrapolated to 1950,

6,021*.

National P roductivity and I ts Long-Term P rojection . John W. Kendrick,
Long-Range Economic P rojection . New York: National Bureau o f Economic
Research, 195U, V ol. 16 (pp. 67-101*).
The p ro je ctio n problem o f the p rodu ctivity concept in a gross
national product framework, iii the aggregate, and by industry*

6.025*

A National Prosperity Program fo r 1955* Washington:
Economic Progress, February 1955 (66 pp*)*
The attainment o f a national prosperity budget*
i s devoted to produ ctivity and technology*

6.026.

Conference on
A chapter

The New S ociety. The Anatomy o f the Indu strial Order. Peter F.
Drucker. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1950 (337 PP*)*
Traces in d u stria l progress in the United States And d is­
cusses the s o c io lo g ic a l e ffe c t s o f mass production and
increased prod u ctivity.

6.027*

Population Booms Call fo r Rising P roductivity. Federal Reserve Bank,
Chicago Business Conditions, December 1953 (pp* l l - l l * ) .
Relation between population growth, changing age distribu tion
and ris in g p rod u ctivity.




- 109
6.028.

Postwar Economic Perspectives. W. S. Woytinsky. U. S. S ocial
Security Board, S ocial Security B u lletin , December 191*5, V ol. 8 (pp.
18-29)} January 191*6, V ol. 9 (pp. 8 -16); February 191*6 (pp. 9-16);
March 191*6 (pp. 11-25).
Probable p rodu ctivity changes between 191*0 and 1950, noting
experiences upon which given foreca sts are based.

6.029*

Postwar Income Potentials in Measuring and P rojecting National Income.
S. Morris Livingston. New York* National In du strial Conference Board
Report, March 191*5 (pp. 23-27).
A discussion o f the size o f the labor fo r c e , the amount o f
unemployment, and the growth o f output per worker in p rojectin g
national income.

6.030.

Postwar Manpower and i t s Capacity to Produce. S. Morris Livingston.
Survey o f Current Business, April 19i*3, V o l. 23 (pp. 10-16).
P oten tial output in 191*6 based on an assumed labor force and
produ ctivity growth ra te s.

6.031.

Postwar National Income — I ts Probable Magnitude. Joseph Mayer*
Washington* The Brookings In stitu tio n , 19l*l* (31* PP*)*
Probable changes in produ ctivity fo r the war and immediate
postwar periods.

6.032.

Power, Machines, and Plenty. G loria Waldron and J. Frederic Dewhurst.
New York: The Twentieth Century Fund, Public A ffa irs Pamphlet No.
11*2, 191*8 (31 p p .).
The growth o f in d u stria l mechanization, relation sh ip o f
increased produ ctivity to liv in g standards, and a forecast
o f future economic con dition s.

6 o033.

P rices, P roductivity, and Factor Return Assumptions in Long-Range
Economic P rojection s. Marvin Hoffenberg. Paper presented at the
U 6th Annual Meeting, D etroit, 1956. Washington* American S t a t is t i­
c a l A ssociation, Proceedings o f the Business and Economic S ta tis tic s
S ection . 1955-56 (pp. 16-21).
Discussion o f the relation sh ip among p rodu ctivity, fa ctor
returns, and price assumptions in long-range economic models.




- no
6.03k.

The Production Economics o f Growth. W. Duane Evans. U . S. Department
o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s . Paper presented to the American
Economic A ssociation, New York C ity, December 28, 1955 (17 PP»). Also
in American Economic Review, May 1956, No. 2 (pp. 1*2-51*).
The importance o f technology in the economic growth in the
United States. Evaluations and comparisons o f the economic
theories by J. Frederic Dewhurst, John W. Kendrick, W. S.
Woytinsky, George J. S tig le r and others.

6.035.

P roductivity and Consumption Trends. J. Frederic Dewhurst. New York:
Twentieth Century Fund. Paper presented at the Boston Conference on
D istribu tion , October 17, 1955 (10 p p .).
The importance o f productivity-consumption trends in main­
taining American economy at a higher le v e l than in any other
country.

6 .036.

P roductivity and Economic Progress. Frederick C. M ills . New York:
Bureau o f Economic Research, I n c ., Occasional Paper No. 38, 1952
(35 p p .).
The influence o f the produ ctivity increment on economic
growth in the United States in the la st h a lf century.

6.037.

P roductivity and the American Standard o f Living. Frederic J.
Dewhurst. Pittsburgh: U niversity o f Pittsburgh, In stitu te o f
Business and Economic Problems, 191*9 (pp. 11 0-lli*).
P roductivity as a contributing fa cto r in the rapid r is e in
the standard o f liv in g in the United States over the past
several decades.

6.038.

Productivity* Key to Plenty. The Twentieth Century Fund, and
Encyclopedia Britannica Films, Winter 1953. (Encyclopedia Britannica
Films, I n c ., i s the film s d istrib u to r in the U . S. and abroad.)
Based on "America's Needs and Resources," th is film i s an ima­
ginative explanation o f what produ ctivity i s and how i t a ffe c ts
our standard o f liv in g . I t i s designed fo r upper grades in high
sch ool, the college le v e l, and adult groups.

6.039.

Progress through P roductivity. Ernest T. Weir. New York, San Fran­
c is c o , Montreal* The Newcomen S ociety in North America, 1952 (28 p p .).
The n ecessity fo r p rodu ctivity increases from the early 1700's.
The span o f progress over the years fo r individual plants and
in d u stries.




- I ll
6.0l*0.

Progress Unlimited. National City Bank New York, Monthly Letter,
December 1951* (h p p .).
The growth o f Gross National Product since 1909 and pro­
je c tio n s to 1970 and factors involved in the growth.

6.01*1.

Prospects o f Permanent Pull Employment. W. S. Woytinsky. American
Labor Conference on International A ffa ir s , International Postwar
Problems, September 19l*l*, V ol. 1 (pp. 1*85-515). (Quarterly pu bli­
cation discontinued January 191*6.) o . p.
A forecast o f economic progress based on p rojected produ ctivity
trend.

6.01*2.

Race o f P roductivity; Abstract.
1956 (pp. 193-19U).

Louis Polk.

Tool Engineer, July

Technological growth o f U. S. from 1930 with p rojection s
to 1980.
6.01*3.

Rising P roductivity, Maintaining P rosperity. Washington: Congress
o f Industrial Organizations (now AFL-CI0), Spring 1953 (pp* 12-16).
Long-run produ ctivity increases and the part future changes
must play in our expanding economy.

6.01*1*.

Second Industrial Revolution. Wendell B. Barnes.
A pril 1, 1955, V ol. 21 (pp. 111*7-1152).

V ita l Speeches,

The impact o f tech n ological progress on economic advances
over the la s t h a lf century.
6.01*5.

The Secret o f American Prosperity. William E. Rappard.
Greenberg Publisher, 1955 (121* p p .).

New York:

American produ ctivity su p eriority i s proven h is to r ic a lly
with international comparisons.
6.01*6.

Sharing Productivity Increases. Economic Outlook, Congress o f
Indu strial Organizations (now AFL-CIO, A pril 1951* (8 p p .)•




Charts showing changes in output per man-hour in the
private economy 1939 to 1953, based on John Kendrick's
National P roductivity and I ts Long-Term P rojection .

-

6.01*7.

112

Sharing the Gains o f P roductivity. Washington: AFL-CIO, Labor
Economic Review, June-July 1957, V ol. 2 No. 6 (pp. JUl—U8) •
The promise o f increasing produ ctivity in i t s broadest d e fi­
n itio n : output per man-hour o f work; output per un it o f
investment in fa cto rie s and machines; output per u n it o f raw
m aterials, in promoting improvements in national strength and
liv in g conditions.

6.01:8.

A Short History o f Technology. Harold G. Bowen and Charles F.
K ettering. West Orange: The Thomas Edison Foundation, I n c ., 1951*
(110 p p .).
The progress o f technology through the ages including the
ever increasing produ ctivity per man through mechanization.

6.01*9.

Some Measures o f Changing Labor P roductivity and Their Use in Economic
Analysis. David Weintraub. Journal o f the American S ta tis t ic a l Asso­
c ia tio n , March 1938, V ol. 33 (pp. 153-163).
Examples o f d i f f ic u l t i e s encountered in rela tin g p rodu ctivity
measures to economic changes.

6.050.

Technology and the Standard o f Living in the United S tates. W. F.
Ogburn. U niversity o f Chicago, American Journal o f S ociology, January
1955, V ol. 6o (pp. 380-386).
Improvements in technology studied as the c h ie f fa c to r in
increased liv in g standards, 1900-1950.

6.051.

Two Indu strial Leaders Look Ahead 20 Years.
Report, May 13, 1955 (2 p p .) .

U. S. News and World

Benjamin F. F airless o f the U. S. S teel Corporation and
Lester L. C olbert, President o f Chrysler Corporation, em­
phasize p ro d u ctiv ity 's part in our economic growth.
6.052.

U.S.A. — 1975. Dr. Weldon B. Gibson. An address in the College
Lecture S eries, San Jose State C ollege, C a liforn ia . Stanford Research
In s titu re , December 1951* (18 p p .).
P roductivity p rojected to 1975 (based on d eflated Gross
National Product data).

6.053.

What's Happening to P roductivity?
January 30, 19l*7 (pp. 93-100).

Burnham Finney.

American Machinist,

Trends in p rodu ctivity fo r the economy as a whole and fo r s ix
ty p ic a l metalworking companies.




- 113

6.0!?I*o

The World o f Tomorrow: What W ill i t be Like? Chamber o f Commerce o f
the United States, Economic Research Department, 1956 (32 p p .).
Traces past growth and p rojected economic trends f o r ten to
twenty years, including p ro d u ctiv ity 's contribution to progress.

6.055*

Yardsticks o f P roductivity.
1951* (pp. 191-192).

Ewan Clague.

The Tool Engineer, June

Productivity as one o f the dynamic fa cto rs o f any economic
system, with a discussion o f i t s many forms and u ses.




SECTION VII
SIGNIFICANCE OF PRODUCTIVITY CHANGE
(See also Sections I , I I and V I).
7.001.

American P roductivity, Our P rotection and Our Danger. Dr. J. Hersch.
The Commercial and Financial Chronicle, March 7, 19l|6, V ol. 163
(pp. 121U, 12U0-12la).
The danger that productive capacity w ill outrun the capacity
to consume, as a negative resu lt o f our rapidly increasing
p rod u ctiv ity .

7.002.

The Automatic Factory.

Fortune, October 1953 (pp. 168-171).

A round table discussion by men from industry and the
sciences o f the future o f American p r o d ic tiv ity .
7.003*

Changes in P rices, Manufacturing Costs and Indu strial P roductivity,
1929-193U. Frederick C. M ills . New Yorks National Bureau o f
Economic Research, I n c ., December 22, 193U, B u ll. No. 53 (pp. 1-1+).
Price movements related to cost and produ ctivity fa c to r s .

7.00U.

The Coordination o f Supply and Demand Assumptions in Long-Range
Economic P rojection s: Product Mix, Capital Investment, and Product i v i t y . Louis Weiner. Paper presented at the U 6th Annual Meeting,
D etroit, 1956. American S ta tis t ic a l A ssociation, Proceedings o f the
Business and Economic S ta tis tic s Section, 1955-56 (pp. I l - l 6 ) 0
Evaluating the extent to which supply and demand assumptions
in economic p rojection s are in te rre la te d , with sp e cia l
reference to product mix, ca p ita l investment, and p rod u ctiv ity .

7.00$o

Cost Behavior and Price P o licy . Committee on Price Determination,
New York: National Bureau o f Economic Research, 191+3 (356 p p .).
Stress on produ ctivity indexes as measures o f tech n ical
change and fa ctors influencing p rod u ctivity.

7.006.

Cost Reduction: A Postwar Problem. Ewan Clague. A paper presented
at the O ffice Management Conference, American Management A ssociation,
New York, October 20, 191+9. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S t a t is t ic s , 19a9 ( ll+ p p .).
Importance o f cost reductions through increased in d u stria l
e ffic ie n c y . Presents BLS produ ctivity measures.




- lilt

- 115
7.007.

Did Productivity Increase in the Twenties? Elmer C. B ratt. Journal
o f American S ta tis t ic a l A ssociation, June 1939, V ol. 3U (pp. 326—33U)•
Productivity as an important s t a t is t ic a l measurement in studying
employment opportunities; broadening scope o f labor administration;
making the proper provision f o r the needs o f growthj and under­
standing the p o s s ib ilit ie s o f achievement between various economic
processes,

7.008.

Economic P olicy and F ull Employment.
H ill Publishing C o., 191*7 (3U0 p p .)•

Alvin Hansen.

New York:

McGraw-

Examines contemporary economic p o lic y , analyzes the problems
that confront the s o c ia l and economic planner, and suggests
basic p o lic ie s needed fo r f u l l employment.
7.009.

Economic Tendencies in the United States; Aspects o f Pre-War and
Post-War Changes. Frederick C. M ills . New York: National Bureau o f
Economic Research, I n c ., 1932 (639 p p .) .
The dominant tendencies prevailing in our economy between 1922
and 1929 are contrasted with the ch a ra cteristics o f the pre-1911*
era o f expansion. For a discussion o f produ ctivity, see e s p e cia lly
pp. 25-1*9, 289-311*.

7.010.

E ffe cts o f Increased Productivity Upon the Ratio o f Urban to Rural
Population. Herbert Simon. Econoraetrica, January 191*7 (pp. 31-1*2).
e

A s h ift o f labor from agricu ltu ra l to nonagricultural occu­
pations w ill resu lt from increases in produ ctivity.
7.011.

Employment in Relation to Technical Progress. H. Staehle.
o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s , May 19l*0 (pp. 9l*-100).

A Review

The general problem o f tech n ological unemployment in the
United Kingdom, 1930-35.
7 .0 1 2 .

An Evaluation o f B.L.S. Data on P roductivity. Washington:
Wage Research Committee, January 191*6 (25 p p .).

AFL-CIO,

A c r i t i c a l an alysis.
7.013.

The Four-Day Week:
(pp. 81 f f . ) .

How Soon?

Daniel Seligman.

Fortune, July 1951*

A continuation o f increasing produ ctivity in the United States
industry as a major fa cto r which w ill make a shorter workweek
p o s s ib le .




-

7.011*.

116

French Study Group in P roductivity and F ull Employment. P rovisional
Report. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Joint
ECA-BLS P roject, TA 38-11*3, December 1951 (1*6 p p .).
A pplication o f American production p rin cip le s to the French
economy.

7.015.

How to Double Wages. Washington:
S tates, L ea flet, 1955 (12 p p .).

Chamber o f Commerce o f the United

Factors responsible fo r our ris in g standards o f liv in g and
economic progress.
7.016.

Importance o f Increased Attention to P roductivity. Ewan Clague.
Paper presented before l*th Annual Production Conference o f the
Philadelphia Chamber o f Commerce, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, March
20, 1951. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s
(3 p p .).
H istorica l importance o f p rodu ctivity changes and future
need fo r e ffo r t s to promote higher produ ctivity.

7.017.

Increasing P roductivity, Income Price Trends and the Trade Balance.
H. G. Johnson. Economic Journal, September 1951*# V ol. 61* (pp. 1*621*85).
The choice between secular d efla tion and depreciation .

7.018.

In du strial P roductivity and Economic Equilibrium. John D. G il l. The
Commercial and Financial Chronicle, A pril 10, 19l*7 (pp. 12 and 3 8 ).
A proposal that an equilibrium index be established; the
p rin cip a l components would be employment le v e ls , p r o fit s ,
in ven tories, and standard o f liv in g .

7.019.

International Reduction o f Working Hours as Consequence o f Rising
Labor P roductivity. AFL-CIO. Internation Labor Relations Committee,
Communication from the American Federation o f Labor, Lake Success,
191*9 (20 p p .).
A l*0-hour week as a goal in a l l United Nation countries and
a further reduction in econom ically advanced countries.

7.020.

Jobs, P roductivity and F ull Employment. Richard C. Wilcocko Urbana:
U niversity o f I l l i n o i s , I l l i n o i s Business Review, August 1955
(pp. 6 -8 ).
An analysis o f p r o d u c tiv ity -fu ll employment relation sh ip ,
and produ ctivity and jobs in manufacturing.




- 117
7.021.

The Key to Better Days. Julius Hirsch. Chamber o f Commerce o f
United States, Washingtons Nation»s Business, A pril 1950, V ol. 38,
No* it (pp. 72-76).
Advocates a new national p o lic y on p rodu ctivity in which
government, management, la b or, and science w ill collaborate in
an a ll-o u t e ff o r t toward higher p rod u ctivity.

7.022.

Labor P roductivity and Technological Advances. Albert Ramond. New
York: American Management A ssociation, Series No. 163, 19it6 (pp. 172 7 ).
The n ecessity and means fo r promoting p rod u ctivity increases
in industry.

7.023.

Mechanization in the Lumber Industry. A. J. Van Tassel and D. W.
Bluestone. United States Workers Progress Administration, National
Research P roject, March 191*0, Report No. M-5 (201 p p .). o . p.
The relation sh ips between tech n ologica l developments, timber
depletion, and employment opportun ities. Indexes o f u n it labor
requirements fo r the Southern and P a c ific Coast regions, 1920-3$.

7.021*.

The Miracle o f P roductivity. New York* National In du strial Conference
Board, Studies in Business Economics, November 9, 191*7 (1*7 PP»)o
A forum o f sixteen economists from u n iv e r s itie s , government,
management, and labor participated on the im plications and
sign ifica n ce o f produ ctivity to our economy.

7.025.

Modern Science and Management Creating a New In du strial Revolution.
Solomon Barkin. AFL-CIO, T extile Workers Union o f America, 19$$
No. P-208 (9 P P .).
Reprint o f a discussion on automation, p rodu ctivity and
in d u stria l relation s from proceedings o f the Seventh Annual
Meeting, Indu strial Relations Research A ssociation, held in
D etroit, December 19$1*.

7.026.

National P roductivity: I ts Relationship to Unemployment-in-Prosperity.
Benjamin Graham. American Economic Review, May 19l*7 (pp. 381*-396).
The e ffe c t s o f produ ctivity on employment.

7.027.

Of P roductivity S ta tistics* An Admonition. Solomon Fabricant.
Review o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s , November 191*9 (pp. 309-311).




The d e fic ie n c ie s and lim itation s in productivity measurement.

-

7.028.

118

-

Only More Production Can O ffset I n fla tio n . Factory Management and
Maintenance, January 19U8, ? o l . 106, No. 1 (pp. 65-70).
Improving produ ctivity i s stressed as the key fa cto r in
expanding in d u stria l production.

7.029.

Our Living Standards Can Go Up.
May 1953 (pp. 5 - U ) .

P. D. Foote.

Advanced Management,

A study o f high United States standard o f liv in g based on
increased labor p rod u ctivity through tech n ological advances.
7.030.

The Primary Employment E ffe cts o f P roductivity Gains. E ric S c h iff.
Chicago Council fo r Technological Advancement, January 15, 195ii, CTA
B u ll. No. 19 (23 p p .).
A method o f estimating the primary disemployment resu ltin g
from p rodu ctivity in creases. Economic models are developed in
the an aly sis.

7.031.

Proceedings o f the Conference on P roductivity, June it, 191*9.
Milwaukeej U niversity o f Wisconsin Industrial Relations Center,
19k9 (1*2 P P .).
( l ) Martin Gainsbrugh, Chief Economist, National In du strial
Conference Board, New York, discussed the current business
outlook and the relation sh ip o f produ ctivity to the business
environment) (2 ) Joseph Scanlon, Massachusetts In stitu te o f
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, discussed the workers'
p oten tia l contribution to increased productive e ffic ie n c y ; and
(3) Ewan Clague, Commissioner o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Washington,
D. C ., compared European produ ctivity and standards o f liv in g
with those o f the United S tates. An open forum, with questions
from the flo o r , centered la rg e ly around the problems involved
in d istribu tin g the gains o f p rod u ctivity.

7.032.

Proceedings o f the Conference on P roductivity, 1950. Milwaukee:
U niversity o f Wisconsin Indu strial Relations Center, 1950 (1*2 p p .).
( l ) Ivan C. Lawrence, Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing
Company, S t. Paul, Minnesota, discussed p r o d ic tiv ity as i t
relates to the standard o f liv in g from the management point
o f view . (2 ) Sidney G arfield, International Chemical
Workers Union, AFL, discussed workers' attitu des toward
produ ctivity changes.




- 119 7 .0 3 3 .

Productivity A Restraining Price Influence.
April 1, 1956 (pp. 2 2 -2 3 ).

Boot and Shoe Recorder*

Review o f a report by the Boot and Shoe Union on the e ff e c t
o f produ ctivity increases on the manufacturer* the worker, the
r e ta ile r , and the consumer.
7.03lu

Productivity and Economic Progress. John W. Kendrick.
Magazine, November 1956 (pp. 31-35).

Challenge

P roductivity advance as a b a sic index o f the underlying
health and creative titynamisra o f our type o f economy.
7.035.

P roductivity and Economics, Jean Fourastie'. New York: Columbia
U niversity, P o lit ic a l Sciency Quarterly, June 1951, V ol. 66, No. 2
(pp. 216-225).
A review o f the economic consequences o f produ ctivity changes.

7.036.

Productivity and Employment 1955-1965. Stephen Raushenbush.
Washington: The Public A ffa irs In s titu te , 1956 (63 p p .).
Increased produ ctivity i s analyzed as one o f the fa cto rs
which may produce a major change in working time arrangements
fo r most o f the economy by 1965.

7o037.

Productivity and Labor Cost Trends. Gertrude Deutsch. New York:
National Indu strial Conference Board, Conference Board Business
Record, May 191:7 (pp. 121-121:).
Increased p rodu ctivity as the means to o ffs e t r is in g labor
costs and uncertain p r ic e s .

7.038.

P roductivity and Living Standards. W. Duane Evans. New York:
National Conference o f S ocia l Work Proceedings, 191:7 (pp. 96-102).
The ro le played by increasing produ ctivity in elim inating
ch ild labor, reducing hours o f work, and maintaining f u l l
employment•

7.039.

P roductivity and Living Standards. Jules Backman and Martin R.
Gainsbrugh. New York: Cornell U niversity Press, Industrial and
Labor Relations Review, January 191:9 (pp. 16U-191:).
The meaning and measurement o f p rod u ctivity, long-term
gains, World War II and postwar trends, in ternational com­
parisons, and the most e ffe c t iv e way t o distribu te the gains.

449922 0 - 5 8 - 9




-

7.0l*0.

120

P roductivity and Progress. The F irst National Bank o f Boston, New
England L etter, July 31, 1956 (pp. 2 -3 ).
The sign ifica n ce o f p rodu ctivity changes 191*7-56.

7.0 la.

P roductivity and the Worker. W. C. B alfour. Los Angeles: U niversity
o f Southern C a liforn ia , Sociology and S ocial Research, September 1953
(8 p p .).
Observations on the American worker's p rod u ctivity from reports
issued by the Anglo-American p rodu ctivity teams.

7 .01*2 .

P roductivity: Gauge o f Economic Performance. George G. Hagedom.
New York: National A ssociation o f Manufacturers, Research Department,
September 1955 (1*8 p p .).
Three major sets o f studies o f produ ctivity fa cto rs involved
and the relation sh ip to wages.

7.01*3.

P roductivity: Gauge o f Economic Performance In stru cto r’ s Manual.
New York: National A ssociation o f Manufacturers, Educational Depart­
ment, Catalog No. 12i*-A, September 1955 (16 p p .).
This manual and the study by the same t i t l e are presented as
an educational aid fo r c o lle g e s .

7. 01*1*.

P roductivity in Industry—A Round Table Discussion. Ewan Clague,
John T. Dunlop, George G. Hagedorn. New York: National Indu strial
Conference Board, I n c ., 1956 (1*0 p p .).
Papers delivered at the 361*th Meeting o f the Conference Board,
January 20, 1956.

7.01*5.

P roductivity in Research and Development. Ralph M. Hogan.
Monthly, November 21*, 1952, V ol. 112 (pp. 6 l3 -6 l6 ).

Science

P roductivity in the f i e l d o f research and development from
the point o f view o f the personnel actainistrator.

7.01*6 .

The P roductivity o f Labor: A Note on Terminology and Method. Witt
Bowden. Journal o f P o lit ic a l Economy, December 1938, V ol. 1*6
(pp. 857-863).
The views o f other eminent au th orities on the subject and a
discussion on d ifferen ces o f opinion.




-

7•01*7•

P roductivity Rise Ahead.

121

Fortune, December 1956 (p . 36 f f . ) 0

Significance o f produ ctivity changes since 1953 with a
forecast through 1957*
?.0l*8.

Productivity: The Great Age o f 3%* G ilbert Burck and Sanford Parker.
Fortune, November 1955 (pp. 102-105 f f . )•
P rediction based on past experiences o f a 3% annual
average produ ctivity increase 1955-80.

7.01*9.

P roductivity, the Key to P rosperity. Charles D. Stewart. Storrs:
U niversity o f Connecticut, Labor Management In s titu te , B u ll. No. 1,
19k8 (pp. 10-17).
Productivity studies o f the Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s are
summarized with pa rticu la r reference to th e ir use by management
and workers in further stimulating produ ctivity in creases.

7.050.

P roductivity, T h rift and the Rate o f In te re st. R. W. Clover.
Economic Journal, March 1951*> V ol. 61* ( p p . 1 0 7 - 1 1 5 ) .
The in d irect influences o f current produ ctivity changes on
the rate o f in terest as a determinant o f a future rate o f
in te r e s t.

7.051.

Productivity Trends. M ilton IApton. The Conference Board Business
Record, February 1956, V ol. 13 (pp. 5U-58).
The f i r s t o f a three-part s e rie s , dealing with the fa c ts and
im plications o f produ ctivity in American industry. The influence
o f labor and ca p ita l inputs on the risin g trend o f national output.

7.052.

Productivity Trends: Portents o f the Future. Milton IApton. The
Conference Board Business Record, A pril 1956, V ol. 13 (pp. 11*8-152).
The second o f a three-part series dealing with prod xctivity
in American industry, views p oten tia l economic growth from the
perspective o f related trends in output per man-hour, business
investment, and spending-saving d ecision s.

7.053.

Productivity Trends: What the Averages Conceal. M ilton IApton. The
Conference Board Business Record, June 1956, V ol. 13 (pp. 21*6-250).
Third o f a three-part s e r ie s , dealing with the produ ctivity in
American industry, reviews some o f the myriad d iv e rs itie s that
l i e behind p rod u ctivity trends.




-

. *.

7 051

122

Productivity U.S.A. and Pull Employment. E. Wenger. Paris: European
P roductivity Agency, Trade Union Information and Research S ervice,
1955 No. 5 (pp. 22-23).
The reaction o f a European Trade Unionist a fte r a v i s i t to
United States early in 1955.

7.055.

P roductivity, Wages and the Balance o f Payments. Svend Laursen.
Review o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s , Kay 1955* V ol. 37 (pp. 180-188).
Study o f the v a lid ity o f the argument that d ifferen ces in
national rates o f p rodu ctivity growth i s one o f the fa cto rs
which has contributed to the imbalance in the world economy.

7 .0 5 6 .

P roductivity: Who Gets the B enefits?
11, 1952 (pp. 99-100).

G. 0. Carr. Iron Age, December

How industry, workers and customers a l l share in the b en efits
from higher p rod u ctivity.
7.057.

Recent P roductivity Trends and Their Im plications. W. Duane Evans.
Journal o f the American S ta tis t ic a l A ssociation, June 191*7 (pp. 211223).
The sign ifica n ce o f produ ctivity changes.

7.058.

Recent P rocbctivity Trends and Their Im plications.

Ewan Clague.

Paper p re se n te d b e fo r e the 312th Regular M eeting o f the N ation al
I n d u s t r ia l C onference Board, New Y ork, March 2 3 , 1950. U. S. Depart­
ment o f o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , 1950 (15 p p . ) .

Importance o f produ ctivity changes in re la tio n to in d u strial
progress. Includes produ ctivity measures fo r a number o f
in d u stries.
7 .0 5 9 .

..

7 060

The Relationship Between Total Output and Man-Hour Output in American
Industry. Henry M. O liver, Jr. Quarterly Journal o f Economics,
February 19l*l> V ol. 55 (pp. 239-251*)o
A com parison o f F ed eral Reserve Board p ro d u ctio n in d exes and
BLS employment data f o r the p e r io d 193 3-38.
Role o f P r o d u c t iv it y in Economic Growth. F . C. M i l l s . The American
Economic Review, Papers and P roceed in g s, May 1952, V o l. 1*2 (p p . 51*5-

557).
Traces productivity changes in the United States from 18991950 and e ff e c t o f these changes on economic progress.




- 123

7.061.

The S hifting Employment Pattern*
(pp. ll*l*-il*6).

Business Week, February 1956

Productivity as a fa cto r in th is sh ift*
7*062.

The Significance o f Productivity Data0 John Diebold0 Harvard Business
Review, July 1952, V ol. 30 (pp. 53-63)*
Variations in p rodu ctivity changes from year to year, from
industry to industry, and from plant to plan t.

7*063*

S ocial Climate and P roductivity in Snail M ilitary Groups. Stuart
Adams. American S o cio lo g ic a l Review, August 195U, V ol. 19 (pp. 1*211*2 5 ).
The relation sh ip between equalitarian s o c ia l attitu d es and
group performance in a m ilita ry s e ttin g .

7.061*.

Survey o f Economic Theory on Technological Change and Employment.
Alexander Gourvitch and oth ers. United States Workers Progress
Administration, National Research P ro je ct, July 1939, Report No. G-5
(251* p p .). o . p.
Analyzes the th e o re tica l lite ra tu re relevant to the re la tio n ­
ship o f tech n ologica l change, and employment and unemployment.

7.065.

Technological Change and P roductivity. W. Duane Evans.
Science, January 19l*9» V ol. 21* (pp. 15-21).

S ocia l

The s o c ia l e ff e c t s o f stea d ily increasing le v e ls o f pro­
d u ctivity in the United States.
7.066.

Technological Change, Ideology, and P rodu ctivity. Yale Brozen. New
Yorks Columbia U niversity, P o lit ic a l Science Quarterly, 1955 (pp*

522- 51*2 ).

The in d iv id u a l's part in increasing prod u ctivity. Decentra­
liz e d in it ia t iv e i s explained as a precondition f o r rapid progress
in p rod u ctivity.
7.067.

Technological Innovations and the Changing Socio-economic Structure.
A. D. J a ffe . Science Monthly, August 191*8, V ol. 67 (pp. 93-102).
The influence o f technology on cla ss structure and standards
o f liv in g in the United S tates.

7.068.

Technology: The Automatic Factory.
(pp. 168 f f . ) .

Fortune, October 1953

A round table at which sixteen men from industry and the sciences,
exchange shoptalk on the future o f American p rod u ctivity.




-

7.069*

3 Keys to More P roductivity.
March 1957 (pp. 1*8-58).

121*

Malcolm P. Ferguson.

N ation's Business,

Increased p rod u ctivity as the key to our economic progress—
higher standard o f liv in g , r e la t iv e ly lower p r ic e s , lower unit
co st o f production and serv ices, shorter working hours, and
other b e n e fits .
7.070.

Time fo r Living.
(181* p p .).

George Soule.

New York:

The Viking Press, 1955

The growth o f technology in the United States and the accom­
panying r is e in manufacturing p rod u ctiv ity .
7.071.

Toward Full Employment and Full Production.
on Economic Progress, July 1951* (1*1* pp. )•

Washington:

Conference

P roductivity increases and tech n ologica l advances are given
due cre d it in th is foreca st o f economic growth.
7.072.

Trends in Equipping the American Worker. Washington: Council fo r
Technological Advancement, No. h o f a Series on Technology and
Employment, July 1956 (22 p p .) .
The p a r a lle l between investment in technology and improvement
in liv in g standards and employment.

7.073.

Under-Employment o f Rural Fam ilies.

Washington: U. S. Congress,
Joint Committee on the Economic Report, 1951 (71* p p .).
Suggestions fo r increasing the produ ctivity o f the rural
underemployed, and thus improving th e ir standard o f liv in g .

7.07*:.

Unemployment and Increasing P roductivity, in Technological Trends and
National P olicy . David Weintraub. United States Workers Progress
Administration, National Resources Committee, 1937, Section V, Part
K (pp. 67-87). o . p.
S t a t is t ic a l information on the volume o f p rod iction and
employment in the lig h t o f the changes in output per man-year,
1920-1935.

7.075.

Unemployment Outlook.

Fortune, May 1951* (pp. 30 f f . ) .

The prospect o f ris in g produ ctivity and the e f f e c t on the
unemployment outlook.




- 125 -

7.076,

Where Freedom Begins. C. Lackman.
V ol. Hi (pp. 583-586).




V ita l Speeches, July 15, 19U8,

A plan to create a Joint P roductivity C lin ic to formulate and
put in to p ra ctice procedures to secure increased p rod u ctiv ity .

SECTION VIII
PRODUCTIVITY, WAGES. AND PRICES
8.001*

AFL Demands Wage Boost on Productivity Raise. Boris Shishkin* (Report
o f the AFL Executive C ou n cil.) AFL News Reporter (now AFL-CIO News),
February 13, 1953, V ol. 2 (pp. 1-1*)*
A report showing that the increase in the p rodu ctivity index
i s almost double the increase in the wage index since 1939*

8.002.

Agreement Between General Motors Corp. and the United Automobile
Workers Union o f America, CIO (111* p p .) , with Supplement (81* p p .).
Agreements. United Automobile Workers, CIO. Research Department,
May 29, 1950.
Cost o f liv in g adjustments, guaranteed wages, annual pro­
d u ctiv ity in crease, m odified union shop, pension plan, and
the insurance program are analyzed*

8.003*

Applications and Problems o f P roductivity Data. Charles E. Young*
Journal o f the American S ta tis tic a l A ssociation, December 191*6,
(pp. 1*21-1*31).
The close relation sh ip between real wages and output per
man-hour i s discussed in connection with the question o f
wage in creases.

8.001*.

Bargaining on P roductivity—A Management Guide. Frederick Rudge.
Washington* Bureau o f National A ffa ir s , I n c ., 1953 (ll*6 pp.)*
Suggests the methods by
may be carried forward in
determinant, and outlines
i t s e l f to bargain in th is

8.005*

which further e ffe c t iv e research
the use o f produ ctivity as a wage
how management can best prepare
area.

Basic C riteria Used in Wage N egotiations. Sumner H. S lich te r.
Chicago A ssociation o f Commerce and Industry, 19l*7 (56 pp*).
One o f the seven b a sic c r ite r ia used in wage negotiations
i s changes in p rod u ctivity. This fa cto r as a wage deter­
minant i s analyzed.




-

126

-

- 127 8.006.

Behavior o f Wages. New York: National Indu strial Conference Board,
Studies in Business Economics, Conference Board Business Record,
November 191:8, No. 15 (96 p p .).
A chapter i s devoted to the relation sh ips between changes
in real earnings and in prod u ctivity.

8.007.

The Committee on Economic Development Report on Real Wage Trends.
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Monthly Labor
Review, August 1950 (pp. 238-239)*
A summary on report "How to Raise Real Wages."

8.008.

The Economics o f the Annual Improvement Factor. Jules Backman.
New York U niversity Business S eries, 1952, No. 10 (72 p p .).
Shows produ ctivity as a major, but only one, fa cto r that should
enter in to wage determination. How wide discrepancies can
develop between actual produ ctivity changes within individual
in dustries and in the economy as a whole, and the uniform
wage increases that would be e ffe c te d by an annual improvement
fa c to r .

8.009.

Enterprise fo r Everyman.
(pp* 55 -59 ).

R. W. Davenport.

Fortune, January 1950

A case h istory o f how the Scanlon Plan as applied by union
and management at Lapointe Machine Tool Company in Hudson,
Massachusetts has raised p rod u ctivity, p r o fit s , and pay.
8.010.

Facts on S teel: P r o fits , P roductivity, Prices and Wages.
S teel Workers o f America, July 1956 (5 l PP*)»

United

A set o f bargaining proposals compiled by the Steelworkers
union as presented to the s te e l industry in 1956.
8.011.

The General Motors Wage Agreement o f 191:8. Arthur M. Ross.
o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s , February 191:9 (pp. 1 -7 ).

Review

Deals prim arily with two important issues—the extent to
which increased p rodu ctivity should lead to a r is e in wages,
and whether the corresponding gains should be retained within
the in dustries responsible fo r them or be passed on to a l l
workers.
8.012.

How Shall P rod u ctivity*3 B enefits Be Shared: Nathaniel G oldfinger.
AFL-CI0, American F ederationist, June 1956 (pp. lU-15)•
D istribution o f the b e n e fits o f improved produ ctivity among
a l l groups in the population—through wage increases and
lower p rice s , as w ell as greater p r o f i t s .




- 128

8.013.

How Should Labor Participate in Gains Through Technological Improve­
ments. John W. Nickerson. Advanced Management, June 1952 (pp. 2 -7 ).
A systematic method o f action f o r labor and management to
agree on how the fr u it s o f progress should be shared.

8.01U.

How Should P roductivity Increases Be Shared? Washingtons
Department o f Education and Research, 1952 (8 p p .).

AFL-CIO,

A trade union approach to wage adjustments based on increased
p rod u ctivity.
8.015.

How to Raise Real Wages. New York: Committee fo r Economic Develop­
ment, Research and P olicy Committee, June 1950 (29 pp*) .
National p o lic y as i t rela tes to the improvement o f the
standard o f liv in g . Suggestions to la bor, management, and
government on ways to stimulate further in creases.

8.016.

How to S p lit P roductivity Gains with Labor, Owners and Consumers.
Commercial and Financial Chronicle, August 23, 1956.
A method advocated by the F irst National Bank o f Boston.

8.017.

Increasing Labor P roductivity. John D. G ill. New York: American
Management A ssociation, Production P o lic ie s fo r Increased Output,
Production series No. 169, November 191:6 (36 p p .) .
The d i f f ic u l t i e s o f making adjustments between wages, p r ic e s ,
production and p r o fits which are necessary to maintain economic
s t a b ilit y .

8.018.

Industry’ s View on P roductivity and Wages. New York:
A ssociation o f Manufacturers, A pril 1953 (*U p p .).

National

A study on whether i t i s in the natural in te re st or prac­
tic a b le to attempt tying wages to p rod u ctivity.
8.019.

The Interindustry Wage Structure and P ro d ic tiv ity . Frederic Meyers
and Roger L. Bowlby. Indu strial and Labor Relations Review, October
1953, V ol. 7 (pp. 93-102).
The relation sh ip between produ ctivity and changes in the in te r­
industry wage structure and a comparison with conclusion by other
eminent a u th or!ties on the su b je ct.




- 129 8.020.

Labor and Management Look at C o llectiv e Bargaining. W. S. Woytin3ky
and A ssociates. New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 19U9 (285 p p .)»
Chapter 6 "Linking Wages to Prices or Productivity" contains
various views on th is relation sh ip.

8.021.

Labor Costs o f Production. AFL-CIO, Education and Research Department,
Economic Outlook, September 1953, V ol. XIV, No. 9 (pp. 67- 68) ,
Labor*s share o f the p r o fits re a lize d from increasing productivity.

8.022.

The "Labor Monopoly" Myth. AFL-CIO, Labor's Economic Review, February
1956, V ol. 1, No. 2 (2i| p p .).
An analysis o f economic fa ctors that have made c o lle c tiv e
bargaining essen tia l to the welfare o f both the worker and
the nation. Includes a production-wages-prices comparison,
1953-55.

8o023.

Machinery and Equipment Prices and Wages. Machinery and A llie d
Products In stitu te B u lletin , No. 3216, December 20, 195li (8 p p .); also
Machinery Prices Versus Wage Rates, No. 3366, A pril 16, 1956 (U p p .).
Both b u lle tin s deal with the ro le o f produ ctivity in the p r ic e wage rela tion sh ip .

8.021*.

Meeting the N ation's Need fo r S te e l. Arthur B. Homer, President,
Bethlehem S teel Company. Address before the Investment Bankers
A ssociation, Hollywood, F lorida, November 27, 1956 (16 p p «).
Productivity changes, and the relation sh ip o f wages and
produ ctivity in the s te e l industry.

8.025.

NAM Can't See P roductivity Pay.
(p . 176).

Business Week, February 21, 1953

The National A ssociation o f Manufacturer's view on the
r e lia b il it y o f produ ctivity changes as a wage determinant.
8.026.

The Nature o f P roductivity as a Wage Determinant and Issue o f
C ollectiv e Bargaining. Carl Frederic Erbe. Iowa City: State
U niversity o f Iowa. (21*6 p p .).
H istorica l development o f the term p rod u ctivity, and an
analysis o f i t s measurement and i t s u t iliz a t io n in the
wage structure.




-

8.027*

130

-

A Note on "P rodu ctivity” , Wage Increases. New York: Indu strial
Relations C ou n selors,.In c., Indu strial Relations Memo. No. 128, May
22, 1952 (8 p p .).
Summarizes the relevant provisions o f the agreement between
General Motors and the United Automobile Workers.

8.028.

Price Rises Pull Up Labor Costs. AFL-CIO, Economic P olicy Committee,
Economic Trends and Outlook, June 1957 (1 p . )•
Analysis o f the Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s report dealing
with p rod u ctivity, wages and s a la rie s , costs and p rice s in the
private nonfarm part o f the national economy 1957-56.

8.029.

Prices-Costs-Wages. A graphic analysis prepared fo r the 38th Annual
Meeting o f the Conference Board} National Industrial Conference Board,
May 1955 (35 p p .).
Two sections o f th is report emphasize the importance o f pro­
d u ctiv ity stu dies. The section "Rewards o f Greater E ffic ie n c y ,"
stresses the general upward trend, and the section , "Two that
Move as One," deals with un it labor cost as compared with out­
put per man-hour from 1957-50.

8.030.

P roductivity A Big Labor Issue in 1955.
(71 p . ) .

S teel, August 17, 1953

The n ecessity o f granting a company's productivity-wage
clause on i t s own experience rather than on the in du stry's
or the general economy's produ ctivity change.
8.031.

P roductivity and Progress. (Prepared fo r the Thirteenth Annual
Meeting o f the Conference Board, New York, May 16, 1956.) New York:
National In du strial Conference Board, 1956 (36 p p .).
P roductivity and "re a l" earnings} wages and p rice s} and
standards o f liv in g from the early twenties to the nineteen
fo r t ie s .

8.032.

Productivity and Real Wages. New York:
Survey, A pril 1953 (pp. 1 -5 ).

Guaranty Trust C o., Guaranty

Defines produ ctivity and discusses i t s rela tion s to money
and real wages.
8.033.

P roductivity and the Wage Structure. John T. Dunlop. Income, Employ­
ment and Public P olicy; Essays in Honor o f Alvin Hansen. New York:
W. W. Norton & Company, I n c ., 1958 (pp. 351-362).
The impact o f changes in productivity on wage structure based
on individual firm and industry experiences.




- 131
8.031*.

P roductivity and the Worker* Developments in Labor Productivity
Monthly Report, U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s ,
November 19$ 1* (pp. 7-8)* Prepared in cooperation with the Foreign
Operations Administration, (now International Cooperation Adminis­
t r a tio n ).
Problems o f w a g e -p ro d u c tiv ity align m en t.
d u c t iv it y C om parisons," J u les Backman.

8.03$.

Source: "Wage Pro­

Productivity and Wage Control. Arthur M. Ross. Industrial and Labor
Relations Review, January 19$ 1*, V ol. 7 (pp. 177-191).
The relation sh ip between produ ctivity changes and wages, and
the problems involved in such an an aly sis.

8.036.

Productivity and Wages. Seymour E. Harris and A ssociates. Review o f
Economics and S ta tis t ic s , November 19U9, V ol. 31, No. 1* (pp. 292-311).
The relation sh ip between produ ctivity and wages.

8.037.

Productivity and Wages in C ollective Bargaining. New York: National
Indu strial Conference Board, I n c ., Management Record, August 19$3
(pp. 281- 28$, 306- 312) .
A roundtable conference held at the 37th annual meeting o f
the National Industrial Conference Board.

8.038.

P r o d u c t iv it y and Wages i n the U n ited S t a t e s . W. Duane Evans. W. S.
W oytinsky and A s s o c ia te s . New York: Tw entieth Century Fund, 19$3

(pp. 63- 81) .

The general relation sh ip between wages, prices and prod u ctivity.
8.039.

P roductivity as a Factor in Wage Determination. A Research Monograph.
Austin Mo Fisher and Fred Rudge. New York: Fisher, Rudge and Neblett,
19$2 (96 p p .).
A detailed d e fin itio n o f "p r o d u c tiv ity ,” and an account o f
economic gains o f employees over various periods as compared
to produ ctivity changes.

8.01*0.

P roductivity as a Standard fo r Wage Determination. R. E. Sibson.
Labor Law Jou rn a l, March 19$2, V o l. 3 (pp. 187-199)*
Reasons fo r b elievin g that the national produ ctivity index
cannot be a s ig n ifica n t determinant o f wages.




-

8.01*1.

132

-

P roductivity, Earnings, Costs and Prices in the Private Nonagricul­
tu ral Sector o f the Economy, 191*7-56, (R e v .). U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , May 29, 1957 (10 p p .)•
Relationship o f earnings, produ ctivity and p r ic e s , noting
certain s t a t is t ic a l and conceptual lim itation s and q u a lific a tio n s .

8.0l*2.

P roductivity Trends: Im plications f o r Wage P o licy .
June 1956 (pp. 203-205).

Management Record,

Insight in to the v a lid it y o f any figu re on the n a tion 's pro­
d u ctiv ity fo r purposes o f wage p o lic y .
8.01*3.

P roductivity, Wage Rates, and Employment# Mordecai E zekiel.
Economic Review, September 19l*0, V o l. 80 (pp. 507-522).

American

A review o f Spurgeon B e ll's book "P rodu ctivity, Wages and
National Income" with the thought that i t w ill stimulate theo­
re ticia n s to a more in c is iv e examination o f th is (dynamic problem.
8.01*1*.

The Productivity-W age R elationship.
C hronicle. A pril 2, 1953 (31 p#)#

The Commercial and Financial

Why no one can say with authority whether re a l wages are low
or high in re la tio n to p rod u ctivity.
8.01*5.

P roductivity, Wages and National Income. Spurgeon B e ll.
The Brookings In stitu tio n , 19l*0 (31*3 p p .).

Washington:

Relationships between ca p ita l investment, produ ctivity, employ­
ment, output, and le v e l o f wages fo r the period 1919-38 in the
manufacturing, mining, ra ilro a d , and e le c t r ic lig h t and power
in dustries with an analysis o f the d iv isio n o f the gains resu lting
from increased p rodu ctivity among la bor, c a p ita l, and the general
p u b lic.
8.01*6.

Railroad Workers Win 1*-Cent Hourly "P roductivity" Increase. New York
Times, March 19, 1953j The Railway Clerk, A pril 1, 1953 (3 p . ) .
P rod u ctivity's influence in th is l*-cent hourly in crease.

8.01*7.

Relation o f Wages to P roductivity. New York: American Management
A ssociation, Advanced Management, Personnel S eries, No. 122, 191*8
(pp. 28- 52 ) .
A discussion by an economist, 2 industry and 2 union
representatives *




- 133 8.0U8.

Rewards o f Increased P roductivity. George G. Hagedom.
Digest, January 195it, V ol. 7 (pp. 5 - 6 ).

Economic

Labor's share o f p r o fits rea lized from produ ctivity in crease.
8.01*9.

R ig id ity o f Payrolls Held Threat to Continuation o f Free Enterprise.
S teel, November 11, 191*6 (2 p p .).
The relation sh ip between re a l wages and prod u ctivity.

. ^.

8 0 0

Sharing the Gains o f Technological Change. Clyde E. Dankert.
Hanover: Dartmouth C ollege, Amos Tuck School o f Business Adminis­
tra tio n , 1955 ( 1*7 p p .)•
Part 5, "The General Sharing o f Technological Change," deals
with arguments advanced in support o f workers, employers, and
consumers ben efitin g from them.

8.051.

The Short-Run Behavior o f Physical P roductivity and Average Hourly
Earnings. Clark Kerr. Berkeley: U niversity o f C aliforn ia , In stitu te
o f Indu strial R elations. Reprint No. 18, 1950 (pp. 299-309). (Also
Review o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s , V ol. 31* No. 1*, November 191*9.)
Some o f the d if f ic u l t i e s encountered in rela tin g wage rates
to changes in p rod u ctivity.

. .

8 052

The Significance o f Current Trends in P rices, Wages, and P roductivity.
Ewan Clague. Paper presented before Chicago Chamber o f Commerce and
Chicago Chapter o f American S ta tis t ic a l A ssociation, Chicago, I l l i n o i s ,
January 9* 19l*7. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis­
t i c s (11 p p .).
The Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s ' a c t iv it ie s in the f ie ld s o f
price movements, wage rates and p rod u ctivity.

8.053.

The Significance o f the 191*8 General Motors Agreement. M. W. Reder.
Cambridge: Harvard U niversity, Review o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s ,
February 191*9, V ol. XXXI (pp. 7 -U i).
The possible e ffe c t s o f the agreement on p rice le v e ls , the
wage structure, and f u l l employment.

8.051*.

Technology in Our Economy.

L. L. Lovin and J. M. B la ir .

Washington:

U. S. Temporary National Economic Committee, 19ill (313 p p .). o . p .

Condenses references to technology in economic lite r a tu r e .
Explores the relation sh ip between laborsavings and price
redaction by comparing produ ctivity and prices fo r 9 in d is t r ie s .




- 13k
8.055.

A Theory o f In te r in d u s tr y Wage S tru ctu re V a ria tio n * Joseph W.
G a rbarin o. The Q u arterly Journal o f E conom ics, May 1950 (pp* 282-305).

The r e la tiv e incidence o f p rod u ctiv ity , the degree o f in d u stria l
concentration and the extent o f trade union organizations*
8.056.

Trade Unions and P rod u ctivity. William H. Chartener. Washington:
E d ito ria l Research Reports, 1900, V o l. 1 No. 1* (pp. 63-79).
P roductivity as a basis fo r wage determination.

8.057*

Trends in Wage Rates and P rod u ctivity. P. H. Nystrom. Boston Chamber
o f Commerce R etail Trade Board, 22nd Annual Conference on D istribu tion ,
1950 (pp. 1*8- 56) .
Recent in fla tio n a ry trends have been caused c h ie fly by increases
in wages and sa la ries at a fa s te r pace than p rod u ctivity. Eleven
steps are proposed to stop in fla t io n .

8.058.

Tying Labor to P roductivity.
A pril 1953 (pp. 285-286).

Charles R. Weidman.

Labor Law Journal,

The phrases "increased worker p ro d u ctiv ity ," and "improvement
fa ctor" should not be accepted at th e ir face value.
8.059.

Up. Output per Man-Unions Say: Raise Wages.
Report, April 23, 1951* (pp. 110-115).

U. S. News and World

P roductivity i s discussed as the key in un ion 's argument
fo r wage in creases.
8.060.

Value P roductivity and the Interindustry Wage Structure. Richard
Perlman. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, October 1956
(pp. 26-39).
Studies o f the relation sh ip between value p rodu ctivity changes
and the wage structure.

8.061.

Wage Increases—E ssential fo r P rosperity.
Review, July-August 1956 (pp. 57-61*).

AFL-CI0, Labor Economic

Organized la b o r ’ s view o f the importance o f wage and salary
increases in improving liv in g conditions and in contributing
strength to the national economy.
8.062.

Wage P olicy in Our Expanding Economy. Washington: AFL-CI0,
Department o f Education and Research, 1952 (60 p p .)„
An analysis o f the Wage S ta b iliza tion Board's wage p o licy
and the sig n ifica n ce o f r is in g p rod u ctivity.




- 135 8.063.

Wage - Productivity Comparisons. Jules Bachman, P rofessor o f
Economics, New York U niversity. Indu strial and Labor Relations
Review, October 1951+, V ol. 8 (pp. 59-6?)•
The sign ifica n ce o f various types o f comparisons, in
s p e c ific situ a tion s.

8.061+.

Wage - Productivity Comparisons. Grady L. Mullennix. In du strial and
Labor Relations Review, July 1955, V ol. 8 (pp. 581-581+).
Comment on '•Wage - Productivity Comparisons" by Jules Backman,
in Indu strial and Labor Relations Review, October 1951+, V ol. 8
(pp* 5 9 -6 ?). Mr. Backman re p lie s July 1955 (pp. 585-589)*

8.065*

Wages and Future Economic S ta b ility .
1953 (5 PP*).

Washington:

AFL-CIO, February

Compares produ ctivity and wage in creases.
8.066.

Wages and P roductivity. Jules Backman. Dun's Review and Modern
Industry, January 1953 (pp. 23-21+ and 72-80).
The relation sh ip o f produ ction -payroll, f o r consideration
by businessmen.

8. 067.

Wages and P roductivity. John C. Davis and Thomas K. Hitch. Harvard
U niversity, Review o f Economics and S t a t is t ic s , November 191+9, V ol.
XXXI, No. 1+ (pp. 292-298).
An examination o f the theory that wages should move in re la tio n
to changes in produ ctivity and a number o f questions regarding
the economic b en efits expected i f th is relation sh ip i s maintained.

8.068.

Wages Up or Prices Down. Solomon Barkin and &nerson P. Schmidt.
Challenge Magazine, June 1953 (pp. 31+-1+0)*
Mr. Barkin fo r la b or, and Mr. Schmidt fo r industry, State
th e ir views on whether our increasing produ ctivity should
lead t o bigger pay checks or lower p r ic e s .

8. 069. When Should Wages Be Increased? New York:

National Indu strial
Conference Board, Studies in Business Economics, 1950, No. 23 (61+ p p .).
The connection between produ ctivity and wages, and the
importance and the d if f ic u l t y in assessing the value o f th is
rela tion sh ip .

8.070. Why Wages R ise: 2 .
1956 (pp. 36-39).

P roductivity.

F. A. Harper.

Freeman, April

Relationship o f changes in produ ctivity and wage ra te s,
1910-55).
449922 0 - 58 - 10




SECTION IX
PRODUCTIVITY AND LABOR MANAGEMENT RELATIONS

(P ublications whose major emphasis i s on p rod u ctivity, wages and p rices
are lis t e d in Section V I I I ).
9.001.

AFL Attitudes Toward Production, 1900-32. Jean T. McKelvey. Cornell
Studies in Indu strial and Labor Relations, Ithaca:
Cornell Univer­
s it y Press, 1952, V ol. I I (1U8 p p .).
A h istory o f trade union attitu des toward production and
progress to increase e ffic ie n c y . Various produ ctivity trends
are thoroughly analyzed.

9.002.

American Labor and the American S p ir it. Witt Bowden. U. S.
Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , January 19$U» Bullo
No. llh$ (66 p p .).
A study designed to provide the members o f p rodu ctivity teams,
v is it in g the United States under Government auspices, with back­
ground and in sigh t in to various aspects o f our trade union
movement and labor attitu des toward tech n ological changes.

9.003.

Can We Move Men?

Peter F. Drucker.

Steelways, A pril 1957 (pp. 16-18).

The challenge in d u stria l managers face o f making enlightened
use o f the human resources they have*
9.00k.

The Control o f In du strial Labor in Communist China; and Development in
Working Conditions in Communist China Since 1952. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, August 1953
(p . 821); and April 1955 (p . Uk9) re sp e ctiv e ly .
Both a r t ic le s deal with China’ s methods o f increasing the
produ ctivity o f factory and o f f ic e workers without increasing
the return fo r th eir la b or.

9.005.

French Measures Favoring C ollective Bargaining. U. S. Department o f
Labor, Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, August 1955
(pp. 915-916).
One o f two decrees issued by the French Government on May
1955 aimed toward the establishment o f p ro d u ctiv ity -b e n e fitsharing programs.




-

136

- 137

9. 006.

Fundamentals o f Setting Work Done Through Others.
Advanced Management, January 19$3 (pp* 7 -1 0 ).

Frederick Q. Radge.

The problem o f personal relation sh ip which management should
consider in i t s e ff o r t to attain ov e ra ll e ffic ie n c y .
9.007.

Greater P roductivity from Modernization, from Expansion. E. A. Krauss.
Magazine o f Wall S treet, May 6, 1950* V ol. 86 (pp. 133-13$).
Outline the p o lic ie s o f management, la b or, and government which
w il l help to maintain produ ctivity in creases.

9.008.

Greater P roductivity through Labor-Management Cooperation. Ernest
Dale. New York* American Management A ssociation, 19h9 (197 p p .)•
Company and union experience in integratin g labor and manage­
ment in a common e ff o r t t o increase produ ctivity is analyzed
on the basis o f reports from 263 companies.

9.009.

Incentives and P roductivity Management's Attitude Toward Incentive
System. Solomon Barkin. Industrial and Labqur Relations Review,
October 19$1 (pp. 92-108).
The attitude o f management to wage incen tive systems.

9.010.

Labor Management Cooperation. West P. S to tts , Martin E. Withrow,
Ray P h illip s . A Case Study in the Minneapolis Laundry In s titu te .
Minneapolis* U niversity o f Minnesota, Indu strial Relations Center,
July 19U6, B u lli11 (20 p p .).
Three papers presenting the views o f management, labor, and
an engineer at a conference session ca lle d "The Laundry Looks
to the Future Through Increased P roductivity. "

9.011.

Labor-Management Cooperation fo r Increased P roductivity. New York:
American Management A ssociation, 191*8 Production Series No. 17$
(U8 p p .).
Merit rating instead o f incentive in the job shop.

9.012.

Labor's R esponsibility fo r Full P roductivity.
Modern Management, August 19U7 (pp. 26-29).

Edward C heyfitz.

Increasing p rodu ctivity as a common in te re st fo r labor and
management.




- 138 9.013.

Management Problems o f Worker P rod u ctivity. James P. M itch ell*
Review and Modern Industry, August 1956 (pp. 1*6-1*7 and 88-91)*

Don's

The contribution o f p rodu ctivity t o in d u stria l growth over the
past f i f t y years, and the challenges management must be prepared
to meet in the years ahead*
9.011*.

Management Techniques fo r Increasing Labor Productivity* New York:
American Management A ssociation, 19H6, Production Series No. 163*
(51 pp*)*
Relationship o f tech n ologica l advances and labor productivity*

9.015*

More P rod u ctivity from Engineers.
Review, March 1957 (pp. 5U-62).

C. D. Orth

III.

Harvard Business

An analysis and concrete examples o f administrative functions
in the tech n ical organization to re a lize a greater creative
p oten tia l and e ffic ie n c y in a group.
9*016*

Problems o f Labor P roductivity in Wartime* W. Lund* The Annals o f
the American Academy o f P o lit ic a l and S ocial Science, November 19i*2,
V ol. 221* (pp. 110-116).
Labor's contribution to wartime prod u ctivity, suggestions by
unions to increase output, and the role o f labor-management
committees.

9.017*

P roductivity—and C ollectiv e Bargainings Benjamin M* Selekman and
Sylvia K* Selekman. Harvard Business Review, March 1950, V ol. 28
(pp. 127-11*1*).
Procedures in labor rela tion s fo r overcoming obstacles to
p rodu ctivity indreases.

9.018.

P rod u ctivity—and Labor R elation s. Benjamin M. Selekman and S ylvia
K. Selekman. Harvard Business Review, May"19i*9, V ol. 27 (pp. 373-391)*
Current and past experiences in th is f i e l d are presented as a
guide to what l i e s ahead*

9*019*

P roductivity and the Trade Unions in France* Rene Richard* In ter­
national Labor Review, September 1953, V o l. 68 (pp. 279-302).
A discussion o f produ ctivity questions within the trade union
movement in France since the war and o f experiments made in
d iffe re n t in dustries by agreement between o f f i c i a l produ ctivity
bodies and unions.




- 139
9.020.

Review o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s .
Press, November 19U9.

Cambridge!

Harvard U niversity

The en tire issue i s devoted to p rod u ctivity and i t s impact
on in d u stria l r e la tio n s.
9.021.

Section Work in the Women's Garment Industry. Nathan B elfer.
U niversity o f North Carolina, Southern Economic Journal, October 195 b
(12 p p .).
Attitudes o f trade unions toward innovations and new techniques
in the d iv ision o f la b or.

9.022.

Tightening Work Standards.
July 1952 (pp. 61*-7U).

Henry E. Wrape.

Harvard Business Review,

Management problems that arise from a plantwide program o f
standards rev ision ; the present deterioration o f produ ctivity
standards and the e ffe c t o f wage incentive plans.
9.023.

Trade Union Attitudes and Their E ffe ct Upon P roductivity. Solomon
Barkin. In du strial Relations Research A ssociation, 1952 (20 p p .).
The impact o f mass production on the tra d itio n a l cra ft
union attitu des toward tech n ological change. C ollective
bargaining techniques developed by in d u stria l unions to
meet new con dition s.

9.02b.

Trade Unions and P roductivity.
Congress, 1950 (80 p p .).

London:

B ritish Trade Unions

Recommendations to the Congress by a team o f B ritish Trade
Union O ffic ia ls who v is it e d the United States fo r s ix weeks
beginning October 20, 19b9j to in vestigate the role o f unions
in increasing produ ctivity in the United S tates.
9.025.

Union-Management Cooperation and P roductivity. Robert Dubin. Cornell
U niversity, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, January 19b9» V ol.
2, No. 2 (pp. 195-209).
An analysis o f the basis fo r the existence o f union-management
cooperation to improve worker and tech n ologica l e ffic ie n c y .




9.026.

Unionism and the Marginal P roductivity Theory. Nathan B elfer and
G. F. Bloomo Insights in to Labor Issu es, Richard A. Lester, Editor
New Yorkj Macmillan C o., 191*8 (pp. 238-266).
The e ff e c t o f union rules and regulations upon the determi­
nation o f wage-employment e q u ilib ria in the individual firm
and an inquiry in to the m odifications that may be required in
the marginal produ ctivity theory to recon cile i t with presentday developments in the labor market.

9.027.

Wage Incentive Systems and Indu strial P roductivity. Solomon Barkin
Reprinted from the proceedings o f the New York U niversity Second
Annual Conference on Labor, 19l*9 (25> pp. )•
E ffectiven ess o f wage incentive systems in promoting higher
p rodu ctivity and in sharing p rodu ctivity gains with the worker.




SECTION X
BIBLIOGRAPHIES

. .

10 001

. .

10 002

Automatic Technology and Its Im p lication s. A S elected Annotated
B ibliography. Edgar Weinberg. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f
Labor S ta tis tic s , August 1956, B u ll. No. 1198 (78 p p .).
A bibliograph y o f published m aterials concerning the progress
o f automatic technology and i t s s o c ia l and economic e ffe c t s .
Bibliography on P rod u ctivity. Pariss The European P rodu ctivity
Agency o f the Organisation fo r European Economic Co-Operation, A p ril
1956, P roject No. 233 (250 p p .).
A bibliography prepared by the N ational Centre o f the French
A ssociation fo r the Increase o f P rodu ctivity and the European
P rod u ctivity Agency. Contains referen ces to p e rio d ica ls and
books published anywhere in the v o r ld .

10.003.

Digest o f M aterial on T echnological Changes, P roductivity o f Labor
and Labor Displacement. U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis t ic s , Monthly Labor Review, November 1932 (pp. 1031-1057).
Assembled by industry, the m aterial on p rod u ctivity and labor
displacement p reviou sly published by Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s
e ith e r in b u lle tin form or in the Monthly Labor Review.

lO.OOlu

Have You Read? B rie f Abstracts o f Important P roductivity L iteratu re.
Trade Union Inform ation, January/February 1955, No. 1, (pp. 17-25).
A bimonthly p u b lica tion o f the Trade Union Research and
Inform ation S ervice, European P rod u ctivity Agency. I t is
devoted to reports on research and trade union progress or
ra isin g p rod u ctivity in Europe.

10. 00$.

In d u stria l Change and Employment Opportunity—A S elected B ibliography.
Alexander Gourvitch and others. United States Works Progress
Adm inistration, N ational Research P ro je ct, July 1939, Report No. G-5
(2$U p p .). o . p .
B ib liogra p h ica l m aterial accumulated (faring N ational Research
P roject stu d ies.

. .

10 006

L ist and Index o f Interindustry Research Items and M iscellaneous
Papers. Perry D. Teitelbaum. U. S. Department o f the In te rio r,
Bureau o f Mines, O ffice o f Chief Economist, Industry Miscellaneous
Paper No. 100, November 2, 195U (75 p p .).




- 1U1 -

- Ih2
10*007.

Major Sources o f Productivity Information. Allan D. Searle and
Staff* U* S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , Jane
19k9 (1*8 p p .).
A review o f contributions to p rodu ctivity information made by
p u blic and private organizations engaged in research in the
f i e l d o f productivity*

10*008*

Productivityt I t s Measurement and Relationship With Wages* A
Bibliography* D etroit: Automobile Manufacturers A ssociation,
September 1953 (70 pp*)*
C ollection o f many "p rodu ctivity 11 studies as w e ll as the
in vestiga tion o f additional source material*

10*009*

S elect Bibliography on Productivity* Laszlo Rostas*
London Board o f Trade, 1952 (20 pp .)*

London:

L istings o f selected books, pamphlets and a r t ic le s on
p rodu ctivity published in the United Kingdom from 191(8 to 1952*

10*010* Selected References on Productivity* U* S. Department o f Labor,
Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , October 191*6 (1*8 p p .).
Bibliography lis t in g p rin cip a l works in the f i e ld o f pro­
d u ctiv ity measurement* Individual lis t in g s also appear in
th is 1957 publication*
10*011*

Selected References on Productivity* Philadelphia: U niversity o f
Pennsylvania, Wharton School o f Finance and Commerce, March 11*, 191*7
(7 p p .) .
Listings cover the years 1939-191*6.

10.012.

Selected References on Productivity Published in the United States*
U. S. Department o f Labor, Bureau o f Labor S t a t is t ic s , September
19l*6-September 1952* (in dividu al lis t in g s also appear in th is 1957
p u b lica tio n .)
Extension o f "Selected References on P roductivity." October
191*6.

10*013*

Technological Advances and S k illed Manpower* U. S. Department o f
Health, Education,and W elfare, D ivision o f Vocational Education,
1956, M isc. 3509 (67 p p .).




Annotated bibliography—im plications fo r trade and in ch s tr ia l
education*

SECTION XI
COLLEGE DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS AND THESES

. .

11 001

. .

A gricu ltu ral P rod u ctivity and Economic Development in France, 18521950. Louie-Marie Goreux. D octoral D isserta tion , U niversity o f
Chicago, 1955 (122 p p .).

11 002

American and Foreign In d u strial P rod u ctivity; A Comparison and Eval­
u a tion . Arnold Oshin. M.P.A. Management Thesis, Nov York U niversity,
1953.

11.003.

An Analysis o f the P roductivity o f Labor. Walter K. Carpenter. M.A.
Labor and Indu strial Management Thesis, State University o f Iowa,
1952.

ll.OOlu

An Analysis o f Wage S ta b iliz a tio n B oard's C riteria in Wage Determi­
n ation . W illiam C. Ferguson. D octoral D isserta tion , State Univer­
s it y o f lev a , June 1955 (181; p p .).

n.oo5.

An Appraisal o f Factors A ffectin g the P ro d ictiv ity o f Employees in a
Naval Ordance P lant. Charles J. P rie s t. M. S. In d u stria l Engineering
T hesis, Purdue U n iversity, 195U (218 p p .).

. .

1 1 006

Case Study in Industry; In d u strial Development—the Growth o f the
Pulp and Paper Industry in In dia. John C. EddLson. D octoral D isser­
ta tio n , Massachusetts In stitu te o f Technology, 195U.

11.007.

A Century and a H alf o f American P rod u ctivity.
Economics T hesis, Stanford U n iversity, 1953.

. .

11 008

. .

11 009

. .
11.011.

11 010

. .

11 012

Irma P. Moses.

A. M.

C o lle ctiv e Bargaining in R elation to R estriction o f Work in the
Rubber Industry. Frank Sim onetti. D octoral D isserta tion , Indiana
U n iversity, 195it (25U p p .).
Comparison o f A gricu ltu ral Labor P roductivity in the United States
and West Germany. F ritz H. J. Stanger. M. S. A gricu ltu ral Economics
T hesis, Purdue U n iversity, 1951a (97 PP»).
Development and Testing o f Methods o f Measuring P roductivity. Charles
Z. W ilson. Doctoral d isserta tion , U niversity o f I l l i n o i s , 1956.
Development C riteria o f P roficien cy in Work Performance. Erwin
Schoenfeld. M. A. Graduate School T hesis, New York U n iversity, 1953.

1928~19k9*

The Development o f Modern Manufacturing Industry in China,
U. M. An-min Chung. D octoral D isserta tion , U niversity o f Pennsylvania,
1953.




- U3

-1 1 * 11.013.

Economic Trends in Woolen and Worsted Industry, 1899-1939. Robert W.
Rosen. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, 1955
(336 pp«).

ll.Olli.

Effects of Color Dynamics on the Efficiency of the Industrial Worker.
Sydney J. Cohen. M.B.A. Business Administration Thesis, New York
University, 19$ lw

11.035.

Experimental Procedures and Criteria for Estimating Industrial Pro­
ductivity. Adam Abruzzi. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia Univer­
sity, 1950 (381 pp.).

11.016.

11.017.

. .

11 018

11.019.

A History of the Productivity Concept With a Concept on Associated
Union Management Attitude. Norman S. Anon. Doctoral Dissertation,
University of Wisconsin, 19$U (3Ul pp.).
Improving Labor Productivity in Bottling Fluid Milk. Cordon A. Rove.
Doctoral Dissertation, Purdue University, 195* (105 pp.).
An Index for Rating Employee Productivity. Walter E. Langvay. M.P.A.
Graduate S ch ool of P u b lic A d m in istra tion and S o c ia l S e r v ic e T h e s is ,
New York University, 1953.
Labor Costs and Productivity in the Bituminous Coal Industry. Harold
M. A. Economics Thesis, Columbia University, 19$3
($7 pp.).

A. Borletta.
11.020.

Management Problems in Programs for Revising Productivity Standards
Under Incentive Wage Plans. Henry E. Wrape. Doctoral Dissertation,
Harvard University, 19$2.

11.021.

The Physical Conditions of the Work Environment and Their Effects
Upon Production. Wilbur C. Rothgeber. M.B.A. Business Administra­
tion Thesis, New York University, 19$lu

11.022.

Productivity as an Issue in the Fall River- New B edford C otton and
Rayon Textile Industry. Keith J. Norman. M. S. Industrial and Labor
Relations Thesis, Cornell University, 19$$ (163 pp.).

11.023.

The Productivity of the Human Agent in Agriculture: An International
Comparison. E. Thomson. Thesis, University of Chicago, 19$1
(190 pp.).

11.02lu

A Quantitative Comparison of Certain Psychological Conditions Related
to Group Productivity in Two Widely Different Industrial Situations.
Nathan Maccoby. Thesis, University of Michigan, Microfilm, 19$0.




- Uj$ -

. .

11 025

. .

Some A ltern atives to the Marginal P rod u ctivity Theory as an Expla­
nation o f Firm Employment L evel. Janes L. Green. D octoral
D issertation , U n iversity o f Minnesota, 1951*

11 026

Some Aspects o f P rodu ctivity and the Balance o f Payments.
Beza. D octoral D isserta tion , Harvard U n iversity, 195b.

11.027.

Some Economic Aspects of Adjustments to Technological Change.
Segal. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University, 19*>b.

11.028.

A Statistical Evaluation of the Effects of Wage Incentives Upon
Worker Productivity. Donald C. Demangate. M. S. Engineering Thesis,
University of Southern California, 19$ b (72 pp.).

. .

11 029

11 . 030 .

Starts T.

Martin

The Stim ulation o f Creative Thinking in the Business O rganization.
F rederic D. Randall. M. S. In d u stria l Management T hesis,
Massachusetts In stitu re o f Technology, 195b.
A Study o f P rod u ctivity and I ts Measurement.
D isserta tion , U n iversity o f W isconsin, 1951.

Louis B. Kahn. D octoral

11.031.

A Study o f the R elationship Between Employee A ttitudes and P roducti­
v it y in a Group o f Factory Workers. Martin W. Schaul. D octoral
D isserta tion , Columbia U n iversity, 1953.

11.032.

Use, Productivity and Allocation of Space Resources in Department
Stores. William R. Davidson. Doctoral Dissertation, Ohio State
University, 1952o




APPENDIX A
INDEX TO AUTHORS
Reference
]Number

Name

B- <Continued

A
Abramovitz, Moses ........................ 1.025
Abruzzi, Adam . . 4.049, 4.088, 11.015
Adams, Stuart ................................ 7.063
Adamson, Raymond K........................ 1.117
Alderson, Wroe ............................ 4.015
A lle g r i, Theodore H...................... 1.222
Alterman, Jack . . . .
1.094, 4.036
Andress, Frank J ............................ If.028
Anon, Norman S................................ H . 0l 6
A pel, Hans .................................... 6.016
Ardant, Gabriel ............................ 4.039
Armstrong, 0 . K.............................. 3.049
Arnold, John R. . . . . . . .
. 1.174
Arnold, L* E* • • l#033j l#03^*j 1.038
Arnold, Sam . . . . . ................ 4.059
Ashton, Herbert ............................ 1.298
B
Backman, Ju les. . 1.257# 7*039#
8 . 063, 8.066
Baker, C. B......................................
Balderston, F . E . ........................
Baldwin, Charles E........................
B alfour, W .C ..................................
Salke, H. A......................................
Barenstein, Is r a e l ....................
Barger, Harold. . 1.030, 1.253#

8.008

Barkin, Solomon . 1.137# 7*025#
9*009, 9*023, 9*027
Barnes, Wendell B..........................
Barton, Glen T. . 1.044, 1.047,

8.068

1.302

1.066

1.068
2.021
3.083
7.041
5.064
1.250
1.299

6.044

1.065

B e lfe r , Nathan . . . .
9*021, 9.026
B e ll, Spurgeon ............................ 8.045
Bergson, Abram . . . . . . . .
3.076
Bernstein, E. M.............................. 3.002
Beza, S terie T. . . . ................ 11.026
Bhattachorjee, J y oti P................ 1.072




Reference
Number

Name

B la ck all, Frederic S ., Jr . . . .
B la ir , J . M....................
Bloom, G. F....................
Bluestone, D. W.
1.195#
Bogle, Hugh A. . . . .
B orletta , Harold A.
Bowden, Witt . . . 1.029# 1 . 238,
3 . 068, 7.046, 9.002
Bowen, Harold G. . . .
Bowlby, Roger L. . . .
Bradley, P h illip s . .
Bradshaw, Carlton . . * . . . .
B ratt, Elmer C. . . .
Breeke, Arnold . . . .
Brenner, Harry . . . .
B ressler, R. G. . . .
Brockart, R. F. . . .
B rod ell, A. P................
Brozen, Yale ................
Brunk, M. E................ *
Buchanan, Norman S. . • . . . .
Burck, G ilbert . . 1.054, 3 . 019#
6 . 011, 7.048
Burkhead, Jesse . . •
Burnham, Elizabeth A. • . . . .
Burns, Arthur F. . . .
Buschman, A. William .
Byer, Herman B. . . .

3.025

7.023

1.292

5•079

3.006
5.001
5.011

C
Carlson, Dick . . . .
Carpenter, Walter M. .
Carr, G. G......................
C arrie, Jean ................
Chartener, William H.
Chen-Han, Chen . . . .
Chenery, H o llis B. . .
C heyfitz, Edward . . .
Chung, U. M. An-min .

- 146 -

. . . . 3.071
. . . . 1.139

Reference
Number

Name

D- Continued

C-Continued
Clague, Ewan . . .
1.108, 3.058,
4 . 089, 5.024,
7 . 016, 7.044,
Clark, Colin . . .
Clark, G. M. . . .
Clark, S. R. . . .
C lover, R. W. . .
Cohen, Sydney J . .
C o llie r , A lfred W.
Cooper, Martin C.
I.O 67
Cooper, R. C. . .
Corrigan, J . D. .
Court, Andrew T. .
Cox, Reavis . . .
Creamer, Daniel .
Crouse, P . B. . .

1.023, 1.091, 1.093
4.065, 4.073, 4.085
5.053, 6.055, 7.006
7.058

Dunlap, W. H. . ...............................1.293
Dunlop, John T................ 7.044, 8.033
fyck , W .J ...........................................1.150
E

. . . 1.191, 1.192
1.051, I.O 65, 1.066

D
Dale, Ernest . . .
Dankert, Clyde E.
Darling, Lyman A. . . . . . . . 2.017
Davenport, R. W. .
Davidson, William R.................... 11.032
Davis, D. J . . . .
Davis, Hiram S. . 1.005, 4.033, 4.056
4.057
Davis, John C. . .
Davis, Louis E.
Davis, Milton B. .
Dean, J o e l .......................................... 4.045
Demangate, Donald C.............11.028
Deurinck, G. . . . . . . . . .
4.066
Deutsch, Gertrude C. . . 1.017, 1.096
1.097, 1.111, 3 . 011,
4.026, 7.037
Dewhurst, J. Frederic . .5.072 , 6.006
6.007, 6. 032, 6.035,
6.037
Diebold, John . • • • . • • • . 7.062
D iesslin , Howard G.............................1.224
Dresch, Francis W............................. 3.062
Drucker, Peter F. 5.057, 6.026, 9.003
IXibin, Robert ...................................9.025
Ducoff, XiOuis J . . . .
1.040, I.O 76




Reference
Number

Name

E arl, Lewis H.
1.180, 1.184, 1.239
Eckstein, Otto . ...........................4.050
Eddison, John C...............................11.006
Edwards, J. H. ...............................1.266
E l l i s , Howard L.................................3.006
Elwood, Robert B. . . . 1.035, 1.038
English, A.C.S...................................U.007
Epstein, L. A. . 1.128, 1.202, 5.029
Erbe, Frederic C a r l .......................8.026
Ernst, H a r r y ...................................U.001
Evans, W. Duane, it.021, 1**022, 1.130
4.035, 5 . 052, 6.031*, 7.038, 7.057
7.065, 8.038
Ewell, R. H.........................................5.075
E zekiel, Mordecai . . . 3.021, 8.01*3
F
Fabricant, Solomon • • 1.007,
1 . 100, 1 . 109, 1 . 308, 4.063,
7.027
Feldman, R........................
Ferguson, Malcolm P. .
Ferguson, William C. .
Finney, Burnham . . . .
Fish, Hy ........................
Fisher, Austin M. . . .
Flexner, Jean A. . . .
3 . 010,
Florence, Sargant P. .
Flux, A. W.
................
Foote, P. D. . . . . .
Fourastie, Jean . . . .
3.081*,
Franco, J o r g e ................ ....
Frankel, Marvin
3,001*, 3.008,
Frazer, A. W. • • • . • 1.118,

1.09&
5.060

3.013

7.035
3.055
3.033
1.202

G
Gaffey, John D

1.170

-

11*8

-

Reference
Nomber_____ Name

Name
Q-Continued

Gainsbrugh, Martin R. . . 1,111, 7*039
Galenson, Walter
3*039* U.O20, 1*.078
5*033
Garbarino, Joseph W.............. .... , 8.000
Gekoski, Norman.................................0.01*8
Gibson, Roland ...........................
3*018
Gibson, Weldon B . .
6,002
G ill, John D........................ 7*018, 8.017
Gilson, Thomas Q * , « , . . * ,
2.016
Gliksman, Jerzy G ........................ 3*078
Gody, Celia S. . 1.016, 1.132, 1.290

3.086

Gold, Bela . . * « » * • I*.0l6, 1**023
Goldenweiser, E . A . . . . . . .
6.018
G oldflnger, N a t h a n ...................
8.012
Goldner, W i l l i a m .............................1**001*
Goreux, L ou is-M arie.......................11.001
Gould, Jacob Martin . . . . . .
1.287
Gourvitch, Alexander . . 7*061*,10.000
Graham, Benjamin . . . . . . .
7.026
Granick, Darid . . . . . 3.023, 3*01*6
Green, James L. . . . . . . . . 11.020
Greenberg, Dr. L. A...........................0.008
Greenberg, Leon • .1.101, lt.OOl*, i*.036
1**080, 0 .0 6 2

Greenspan, Harry J...................
U.000
G r iffin , R. R.......................................1.301
Gruener, Jennette R. . . . . .
1.208

Reference
Number
H-Continued

Haskell, A. Porter, J r. . . . . 1.283
Haven, Maurice . . . . . . . . 1.210
Hawthorne, H .W .................................1.001
Hea<$r, Earl 0 . . 1.068, 1.070,1.071
Heeht, Reuben W. 1.01*1*, 1.000, 1.002
1.003
Heins, M. C.........................................1.278
Henderson, John S.............................1**030
Hendry, J .W .......................................1**029
Hersch, Dr. J..................................... 7.001
Heyworth, S ir Geoffrey . . . . 0.01*9
Hirsch, Julius . . . .
l*.06l, 7*021
Hirsch, Walter . 1.21*0, 1.21*1, 2.023
Hitch, Thomas K. . . . . . . . 8.067
Hodgins, E ric
........................... 1*073
Hodgman, Donald R . ................... 3*077
Hoeeker, R. W . ...............................0.008
Hoffehberg, M a r v i n .......................6.033
Hoffinan, Shirley S . .......................1.000
Hogan, Ralph M . ...................
7.01*0
Hogan, William T. . .......................1.217
Holley, W.C.......................... 1.031*, 1.001
Homer, Arthur B. . ....................... 8.021*
Hopkins, J. A. . . . .
1.070, 1.077
Hotchkiss, W .E ................................1.261*
Hultgren, T h o r ...............................1.089
Hutton, David Graham . . . . . 3.087
J

H
Haber, William • • • • • • • •
1.081*
Hagedorn, George G. . . . 7.01*2, 7.0l*U

8. 01*8

Hagen, Everett E. . . . . 6.018, 6.023
Haggard, Dr. H. W.........................
5.008
Hagood, Margaret . . . . 1.01*0, 1.076
Hale, Merle C. • • • • • • • •
0.000
H all, Margaret . . . .
3.01*0, 3.061*
Hall, Marian D . ...................
1.127
Hammond, S * .
1.131*
Hansen, A l r i n .....................................7.008
Hansen, H . E . .....................................1.018
Hardin, Lowell S.................1.01*2, 1.070
Harper, F . A . .....................................8.070
Harris, Seymour E...............................8.036




Jacobson, C . F . . . . . . . . . 1.271
J a ffe , A. D.........................................7.067
Jamba, A n n ................................... 1.138
James, Charles M. . .......................1.263
Jaszi, George ................................ 1.003
Jensen, H * R . ...................................1.069
Jerome, Harry .................................. 0.01*2
Johnson, Glen L. ...........................1.070
Johnson, H .G .....................................7*017
Johnson, J.......................................... 0.01*0
Johnson, Sherman E. . . . . . . 1.032
Johnston, B . F ............................... 3.001
Johnston, P. E. . . . . . . . . 1.01*6
Jones, Carl E.....................................1.01*0
Josselyn, P. Dudley . . . . . . 0.003

- lb-9 -

R eferen ce
Number

Name

L-C ontinued

K
K a h n , A l f r e d E ................................................. 5 * 0 3 7
K a h n , L o u i s B ............................................... 1 1 .0 3 0
K a n t e r , H a r r y S ............................................... I .269
Kaplan, Benjamin D . . . . 1 . 178 , 1 * 1 8 5
1 . 2 3 5 , 1 .2 1 K ), 1 . 2 4 1 , 4 . 0 6 7
K a p la n , C a th e r in e
...............................
1 .1 1 9
Katz, D a n ie l........................ 5 * 067 ,
5.068
K e l l e r , L e o E ................................................1 . 2 8 4
K e l l y , M a ry L . . . . 1 . 0 2 1 , 1 . 1 1 9 , 1 * 1 2 2
1 .1 2 4 ,
1 . 125 , 1 . 126 , 1 . 1 4 2 , 1 .1 5 9
1 . 168 , 1 . 1 9 9 , 1 * 2 0 0 , 1 . 2 1 9
Kempster, J o h n H .................................. 4 . 0 7 1
Kendrick, J o h n W.
1 .0 0 3 , 1 .0 1 9 , 1*045
4 .0 3 2 ,
6 .0 2 4 ,
7 .0 3 4
K e r r , C l a r k .................................................... 8 . 0 5 1
K e t t e r i n g , C h a r l e s F .............................
6 .0 4 8
K i e s s l i n g , 0 . E. .
1 . 2 7 2 , 1 . 2 8 2 , I .283
King, A l e x a n d e r ................................. 5 * 0 7 8
K i n s l e y , R o b e r t T .....................................
1 .2 3 4
K i r k , W i l l i a m F ............................................... 1 . 1 9 8
Kirkpatrick, Nora B o d d y . . . .
6 .0 2 3

Kjaer, S .................................................. 1 .1 5 3
K la y m a n , M a x w e l l ........................ 1 * 1 2 9 , l . l 6 l
K n a e b e l , J . B .................................................... 1 . 2 7 1
K n a p p , J o h n ............................... 3 * 0 4 5 , 3 * o 6 4
K n o w l t o n , H a r r y E .......................................... 1 * 0 3 5

Kohler, R einfried F........................

R eferen ce
Number

Name

5*022

K o s s o r i s , Max D a v i s ................................ 5 * 0 2 2
K o w a ls k a , H ....................................................3 * 0 66
K r a u s s , E . A .......................................................9 * 0 0 7
K r i e s b e r g , M a r t in
. . . .
4 .0 5 2 , 5*058
K u z n e t s , S i m o n ............................................... 6 . 0 2 2

L
Lagermann, John K o r d ....................... 5*038

Leser, C. E. V.................................3*054
L ester, R. A.................................... 2.005
Letiche, J. M...................................3*020
Levinson, Harold M.........................1.084
Liepe, Wolfram ........................ 4.027
L ik e r t , R en sis
. . . . 5*013, 5*045
Linton, John H................................ 1.234
Lipton, Milton . 2.004, 7*051, 7*052
7*053
Livingston, Morris S. . 6.029, 6.030
L oftus, Joseph A.............................5*081
Lowin, L. L...................................... 8.054
Lowther, Eugene V. . . 1.146, 1.147
Luckman, C . . . .............................7*078
Lund, W.............................................. 9.016
Lunenberg, L illia n ................ I.O 85
M
M accoby, Nathan . . . .
M acDougall, G. D. A.
.
Macy, L orin g K..................
M addison, A.
. 3*030,

3.061

5.068,11.024
3*007, 3*022
1*033, 1*036
3*059, 3*o6o

Magdoff, Harry . . . . 1.102,
Malozemoff, Plato ....................
Mark, Jerome A............................
Markham, J . W..............................
M arricott, R................................
Massingham, Hugh ....................
Mathewson, S . B ..........................
Maverick, Lewis A......................
May, J . C......................................
Mayer, Joseph ............................
McKelvey, Jean T........................
McKibben, E. G. .1.033, 1*035,
Melman, Seymour . 4 . 087, 5*010,
5.032, 5*043
Meyers, Frederic ....................
Michael, Bernard . . . 1.122,
1.125, 1.131, 1*159, 1 *200,
1.294
M id d leton , Kenneth A. . 1.228,
1.249, 1 . 278, 1.279, 1*300
M i l l s , F r e d e r ic k C. . . 1.001,

4.062

1.223

4.027

l.lto
2.022

3.080
5*074

4.055
1.105
6.031
9 .0 0 1
I.O 38
5*030

Landsberg, Hans H............................... 1.030
Langenberg, W i l l i a m .........................4.013
Langway, Walter E...............................11.018
8.019
Larrabee, F. R.......................................5*046
1.124
Laursen, S v en d ...........................
7*055
1.219
Lavine, B enjam in................................ 1.194
1.231
Lawshe, C. H.......................................... 5*051
Lefcow itz, Myron J ...............................2.016
4.024
Leibenstein, H a r v e y .........................4.025
Leong, S.................................................. 1.280
6.019,
6.036, 7*003, 7*009, 7.060
Lerdau, ................................................... 3*053 M i l l s , Thomas ............................... 4.048




- 150 Reference
Number

Name

Name

P-Continued

M-Continued
M itch ell, James P.............................9.013
Montgomery, Frances . . . . .
1.307
Moos, S.................................................U.017
Morse, N ancy.................................... 5.068
Mosak, Jacob L. • .........................6.013
Moses, Irma P...................................11.007
Moss, M ilt o n .....................................1.099
Moss, Thayer Davis . •
1.239, 1.21*8
Moulton, Harold 0 . . .
5.069, 6.009
Mullennix, Grady L...........................8.061*
Murray, A. D.................................
3.057
Murray, Roland V. . . . l.ll*6 , l.ll*7
N
Nagle, Bryant F.................................5 .0 5 l
Nelson, Lawrence W. . . . . .
1*.003
Nelson, W. L.......................................1.165
Nesius, E. J.......................................1.01*8
Newcomb, R...........................................1.273
N ich olls, William H. .
1.056, 1.115
Nickerson, John W. . . . . . . 8.013
Nighman, C. E.....................................1.272
Norman, Keith J............................ 11.022
Nutter, Warren G. . . . . . .
3.075
Nystrom, P. H . .................................8.057
0
O liver, Henry M., Jr. . . . .
7.059
O liver, John W...................................5.021
Ogburn, W. F . .......................
6.050
Orth, C. D...........................................9.015
Oser, J...........................
1.060
Oshin, Arnold
11.002
P
Parker, Sanford S. . . 3.019, 7.0i*8
Patton, W. G.......................................1.229
Payne, Bruce
. . . . . . . .
5.066
Perlman, R ic h a rd .............................8.060
Persigehl, Elmer . . . . . . .
1.201*
Persons, Robert H., Jr. . . .
1*.060
Peterson, J o h n .................................1.11*1*
Peterson, K .....................................1.273




Reference
_____________ Number

P h illip s , Ray . . . . . . . .
9.010
Pine, W. H. • . . . . . . . .
l*.0l*l*
Polk, L o u is ........................
6.01*2
P rie st, Charles J................ 11.005
P u g lisi, Bnzo A. . .
1.012, 1.061*
R
Ramond, Albert . . . .
1*.053, 7.022
Randall, Frederic D. . . . .
11.029
Rappard, William E. • • • . .
6.01*5
Raushenbush, Stephen . . . .
7.036
Read, T. T............................
3.088
Reder, M. W..........................
8.053
Rein, B ern ard ....................
1*.027
Reynoldson, L. A................
1.01*3
Richard, Rene
................... .
9.019
Roberts, John W. . . . . . .
1*.058
Rogers, H. 0. . .
................
1.213
Rosen, Robert W.................... 11.013
Ross, Arthur M. . , .
8.011, 8.035
Rostas, Laszlo
3*015, 3.029, 3.032
3.069, 3.070, 10.009
Rothberg, H erm an ............
2.003
Rothgeber, Wilber C. . . . .
11.021
Rottenberg, Simon • ................
3.063
Rowe, Gordon A.................... 11.017
Rowe, J . ................................
3.053
Roylance, William G. . . . .
5.077
Rucker, Allen W. U.012, 5.070, 6.010
Rudge, Frederick G. . • 8.001*, 8.039

9.006
Ruttan, Vernon W.

•• • .

• .

1.039

S
Sadler, George l.ll* 3 , 1.155, 1.156
1.161*, 1 . 180, 1.225, 1.227, 1.230
1.233, 2.023, l*.0l*2, 1*.079,
Saeger, G eoffrey A. . . . . . • 1.269
Savesky, Betty
2.019
Schaul, Martin W.............................11.031
Schenker, David .......................
1.181*
S c h iff, E r i c ............................
7.030
S c h ille te r , J. C........................
1.037
Schimmel, H . . . . . . . .
1.196
Schmidt, Etoerson P. • . . . •
8.068

- i5 i

Reference
Name____________________________ Number______ Name
S

Schmookler, J a c o b ................
1*002
Schmutz, D. C. * * .
1*038
Schoenfeld, Erwin .................. 11*011
Schoenfield, Margaret . * . • 3.065
Schurr, Sam................ • • • •
1*253
Schultz, T. W . .........
1*057
S colnick, A d o l p h .....
l . l l *9
Searle, Allan D. 1.012, 1,016, 1.061*
1.091*, 1.11*2, 1.11*9, 1.211*, 1.215
1.21*6, 1.255, 1.267, 1.268, 1.275
1.276, 1*277} U.O36, I(e0!t2, 1*.077
10.007
Seashore, Stanley E. * 5.013, 5.017
Segal, Martin ............................ 11*027
Selekman, B. M. . . . . 9.017, 9.OI 8
Selekman, Sylvia . . .
9.017, 9.018
Seligman, Daniel . . . . . .
7.013
Shallehberger, F. K.........
5.023
Shaw, E. E...........................
1.077
1.071
Shaw, R u s s e l ...................
Shishkin, Boris • • • • . . .
8.001
Sibson, R. E.......................
8.01*0
S ieg el, Irving H. 1.092, 1.102, 1.132
3.038, 3.01*0, 3.079, 1*.006,
1*.008
1*.018, 1*.035, l*.0l*7, 1*.075,
5.029
Siegflried, Andre ....................
3.012
Silberman, James M. . . 1.156, 3.072
Simon, Herbert ........................
7.010
Simonetti, Frank . . . . . .
11.008
S lich ter, Sumner 5.065, 6.003, 8.005
Slomin, H erm an ...............
1.163
Soule, George ............................
7.070
Spencer, Vivian E......................
1.271*
Sproull, Reavis C. . . . . .
1.306
Staehle, H. ................................
7.011
Stanchfield, Paul ....................
6.005
Stanger, F ritz H. J......... 11.009
S ta n sfield , R. G................
5.0l*l
Steiner, Peter 0. . . . 1*.051*, 1*.072
Stern, Boris ................ 1.135, I . I 69
1.173, 1.203
Stewart, Charles D............
7.01*9
Stewart, Ethelbert • . 1.083, 1.116
1.11*5, 1.206, 1.256
S tig le r , George J. . . 1.026, 1.01*9
Stone, N. 1..........................
5.061
449922 0 - 5 8 - 1 1




Reference
____________ Number
S-Continued

S to tts, West P.................................9.010
Strader, Natalie . . . . . .
1.126
Strand, Edwin G...............................1.063
Stucke, Adela L. .
1.189, 1.193
Sugg, Matilda
. . . • • • •
1.232
Sullivan, G. F.................................1.210
Sundquist, W. B. . . . . . .
1.069
Swist, Daniel J. 1.168, 1.199, 1.201*
T
Tappeno, Charles C.........................1.209
Taussig, F. W.................................. 3.037
Taylor, Carl R. .............................1.191*
Taylor, Harriet . . . . 1.255, 1.267
1 . 268, 1.275, 1. 276, 1.277
Teitelbaum, Perry D. . . . . 10.006
Teper, L a z a r e .................................1**083
Teplow, Leo
.................................5.050
Thompson, G* C. • • • . 1.105, 5.061*
Thompson, Samuel
.....................5.015
Thomson, E.................................... 11.023
T ille s , S.......................................... 3.067
Tinbergen J. .................................6.017
Topkis, Bernard H. . . 1.190, 1.213
1 . 226, 1.237
T rox ell, John P...............................5.012
Trump, C laren ce A . ..................... 1.082
Tucker, Frank M.. . . . . .
1.186
U
Updegraff, Robert R.......................5.005
V
Van Auken, Kenneth G ., Jr. • 3.050
Van T assel, A. J. . . 1.195, 7.023
Vaughan, Lawrence M.
1.01*2, 5.028
V ice, Keith R...................................1.052
Vogel, Glen F...................................1.123
Von Neumann, J o h n .........................6.008
W
Waddell, Harry L e e .....................5.083

- 152
R eference
Number

Name

W
W aldron, G lo r ia . . . .
W alker, C h arles R.
. .
Walsh, L. M.........................
W alsh, Thomas F .
. . .
Washburn, R. S ..................
Wasson, R obert C. . . .
W eck sler, A. N. . . . .
Weidman, C harles R. . .
W einberg, Edgar . . . .
W einer, L ou is ..................
W eintraub, David . . .

R eferen ce
Number

Name
W-Continued

6.032
5.002
1.295

1.218
1.051

1.008
1.112
8.058
10.001
4.011,

7.004
4.081

W ithrow, M artin E.
W oal, S . T.
. . .
Wood, Frank L. . .
Wooden, Donald G.
W oytinsky, W. S . .




•

8 . 020, 8.038

1.117,

7.020
11.010

Y aw orski, N. . . .
Young, C harles E.
Young, John H. . .
Z
Z in ck , W. C. . . .
Z o b e l, Sigmund P .

•

•

• • .

6. 028,

1.008
6 .o 4 l

1.207
Y

1.059
6.039
4.076
7.054
1.197
5.039
3.044

•
• .

11.020

Wrape, Henry E.
W righ t, C. A.
. .
W righ t, C a r r o ll D.
Wubnig, Arthur . .

6. 0^9 , 7.074
W eintraub, R obert E.
W eir, E rnest T ..................
W eiss, Samuel ..................
Wenger, E.............................
W est, Miriam E..................
W heildon, L. B. . . . .
W hite, T. H.........................
W ilc o c k , R ichard C. . .
W ilson , C harles Z .
. .

•

APPENDIX B
INDEX TO TITLES
R eferen ce
T itle

Number

A
AFL Attitudes Toward Production, 1900-1932 * .................................... . .
9.001
AFL Demands Wage Boost on P roductivity Raise o ........................................
8.001
Accounting fo r Productivity Changes — Men, Machines, or Management. 2;. 001
Advances in Productivity — Past, Present and Future
6.001
Agreement Between General Motors Corp. and the United Automobile
Workers Union o f America - CIO with Supplement} Agreements . . . .
8.002
A gricultural Equipment Financing
1.222;
A gricultural Productivity and Economic Development in France,
1852-1950 ............................................................................................................... n . o o i
A gricultural Productivity and Economic Development in Japan . . . .
3.001
American A griculture, 1899-1939} A Stucfcr o f Output, Employment and
Productivity • • • . . . • . • • . . .................................... . . . . .
1.030
American and Foreign Industrial Productivity} A Comparison and
Evaluation • • • • • ................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.002
American Economy in 1970, The ..........................................................
American Economy, The - I t s Problems and Prospects ...............................
6.003
American Economy, The - Prospects f o r Growth1950-1960-1970
0 . . .
6.002;
American Genius fo r Productivity • • • • • • • ................ . ................
5.001
American Labor and the American S p irit • « ................................................
9.002
American Productivity
5.002
American Productivity and Full Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.005
American Productivity and the Dollar Payments Problem • • • . . . •
3.002
American Productivity, Our P rotection and Our Danger
................
7.001
American Unions and U. S. Productivity • • • . * . . ............................
3.003
America's Needs and Resources ...........................................
6.006
America's Needs and Resources, A New Survey
.......................
6.007
Analysis o f Coal-Mine Labor P roductivity, A n . . . . .................... . .
1.256
Analysis o f the P roductivity o f Labor, An • • • • • . . .................... U .003
Analysis o f Whge S ta b iliza tion Board's C riteria in Wage
Determination, An .......................................
11.002;
Analysis o f Work Decrement Factors in a Repetitive Indu strial
Operation ......................................................................
Anglo-American Productivity D ifference: Their Magnitude and Some
Causes ..................................................................................
Anglo-American Productivity Team Reports ....................................................
3.005
A pplication o f Investment C rite ria , The ....................................................
2;.002
Application o f P roductivity Measurement, An
........................ ...
2;.003
A pplications and Problems o f P roductivity Data
8.003
Appraisal o f Current P roductivity Developments, A n . . . . . . . . .
2;. 002;
Appraisal o f Factors A ffecting the P roductivity o f Employees in a
Naval Ordnance Plant, A n . . . . . ........................................................ • 11.005
Appraisal o f P roductivity Measures at Washington Conference . . . .
2;.005




- 153 -

6.002

-

151+

-

Reference
Number

T it le
A—Continued

Approaches to Economic Development . . . . . . . . .
.................... • 3.006
Are New Machines Cutting Down Jobs? ........................................................
Are We Operating at Maximum Productivity? • • • • . . . • . • . .
l.U ?0
Aspects o f P roductivity Measurement and Meaning • • • • • • • . .
1*.006
Automatic Factory, The • • • • . ........................................ . . . . . .
7*002
Automatic Technology and I ts Im plications * . . . . . • • • • • .
10.001

5,00k

B
Balancing America's P roductivity * ............................ ... ................... ....
5.005
Bargaining on P roductivity — A Management Guide ................................
8.001*
Basic C riteria Used in Wage Negotiations ............................................ .
8.005
Behavior o f Wages ................................. • • • • • • . . . . . . . .
8.006
Bibliography on Productivity . . . . . ................ . . . . . . . . .
10.002
Bituminous Coal Wages, P r o fit s , and P roductivity • • • • • • . . .
1.257
Blast-Furnace P roductivity in the United States • • • • • . . . •
1.206
Boosting Worker Productivity* 250J6 in 5 Years . . . . . . . . . .
2.001
B ritish and American Exports •
3.007
B ritish and American Manufacturing P roductivity: A Comparison and
Interpretation
3.008
B ritish and American P roductivity • • • • • • • • • • . . . . . •
3.009
B ritish E ffo rts to Increase P roductivity ................................ ...
3.010
B ritish v s . American P roductivity
................. . . . .
3.011
Broader Conception o f P roductivity and I t s Measurement, A • • • •
1*. 007
Building fo r I960 ...........................................................................................
1.258
Building Labor P roductivity
................ ...
.
1.078
C
Can Europe Use American Methods? • • • • • • . • • . . .....................
Can We Move Men ...............................................................................................
Can We Survive Technology • • .................................... . . . . . . . .
Capital and Output Trends in Manufacturing Industries, 1880-191*8 •
Capital and Output Trends in Mining Industries, 1870-191*8 • • • •
Case Study Data on P roductivity and Factory Performance • • • . •
Case Study in Industry} In du strial Development - The Growth o f the
Pulp and Paper Industry in India
....................
Case Study Report on 3 Small Gray Iron Shops ........................................
Cement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Century and Half o f American P roductivity, A . . . ............................
Changes in Farm Production and E fficie n cy . . • • . • • . . . • •
Changes in Farming in War and Peace
Changes in Physical Production, In du strial Productivity and
Manufacturing Costs, 1927-1932 ...............................
Changes in P rices, Manufacturing Costs and Indu strial P roductivitv,
1929 - 1931*




3.012
9.003
6.008
1.088
1.250
2.002
11.006
2.003
1.187
11.007
1.031
1.032
1.001
7.003

Reference
Number

T itle
C~Continued

Changes in Technology and Labor Requirements in Crop Productions
Corn . . . . . . . . . . . . .
............................................................ • 1.003
Cotton •
1.034
Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
•• .................... . . . . .
1.035
Sugar Beets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.036
Vegetables ......................................................................
1.037
Wheat and Oats . . . . . . . . . .
................ . . . . . . . . . .
1.038
Changes in Technology and Labor Requirements in the Crushed-Stone
Industry ...................................
1.269
Changing E fficien cy o f the American Economy, 1869-1938, The • • • • 1.002
Changing Output per Person Employed in Trade, 1900-1940 . . . . . .
1.301
1.259
Coal-Bituminous and Lignite o . . . . . . . .................... • ................
Coal Mining Since N ationalization: Great B ritain ................................
3.013
Coal-Pennsylvania Anthracite ...............................
1.260
C ollective Bargaining in Relation to R estriction o f Work in the
Rubber Industry ...................................................
11.008
C olor, A New Tool fo r Industry • • • • • • . • • • ................................
5.006
Committee on Economic Development Report on Real Wage Trends, The «
8.007
Comparative Economic Developments Canada and the United States • • 3.014
Comparative P roductivity in B ritish and American Industry . • • • • 3.015
Comparison o f A gricultural Labor Productivity in the United States
and West Germany . 0 . .................... . . . . . . . . . . . c . . . .
11.009
Concepts and Measurements o f Production and Productivity • • • . . .
4*008
Conditions o f Economic Progress, The
3.016, 3.017
Construction Labor P roductivity • • • • . ........................................... .
1.079
Construction Machinery, Unit Man-Hour Trends, 194>-57 . ....................
1.225
Construction Productivity Rising • ................ . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.080
Contribution of Technological Progress to Farm Outputs 1950-75, The
1.039
Control o f Industrial Labor in Communist China; and Development in
Working Conditions in Communist China Since 1952, The . . . . . .
9.004
C ontrolling Factors in Economic Development • • • • • • • . . . . .
6.009
Controversy is S t i l l Going Strong, The 0 . . . ........................................
5*007
Coordination o f Supply and Demand Assumptions in Long-Range Economic
P rojection s, The • • • • • • .................... • • • • ...................................
7.004
Cost Accounting and Productivity • . • • • • • • • • . . . • • • • *
4.009
Cost Behavior and Price P olicy « • ........................ ... ...................................
7.0Q5
Cost o f Productions Iron, S teel, Coal, E tc. • . • . • • . • . • • •
1*207
Cost Reductions A Postwar Problem . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . .
7*006
Cost Savings Through S im p lification , Standardization, and
S pecialization ........................... ................... ...........................................
2.004
Cotton Textile Wages in the United States and Great B rita in , a
Comparison o f Trends, 1860-194? « • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . .
3.018
C risis o f Soviet Capitalism ................ • • • • • ................ . . . . .
3.019
C y clica l Changes in Input-Output Relations
1.089




-

156

-

Reference
_ Number

T it le
D

Degree of Correspondence between the Concept o f Marginal Physical
Productivity and I t s Empirical Referrents, The • * . * • * . o • •
Development and Testing o f Methods o f Measuring P roductivity • • •
Development C riteria o f P roficien cy in Work Performance ................
Development o f Modern Manufacturing Industry in China, The * * . •
Developments A ffecting Productivity in the Cotton Goods Industry •
Did P roductivity Increase in the Twenties? ............................................
Diet and Physical E fficie n cy • * . . . . . ................................
D iffe r e n tia l Rates o f P roductivity Growth and International
Imbalance ............................................... ....................................... ....
D iffe r e n tia l in P roductivity and in Farm Income o f A gricultural
Workers by Size o f Enterprise and by Region ........................
Digest o f Material on Technological Changes, Productivity o f
Labor, and Labor Displacement . . . . . . . . .
........................ .
Displacement o f Workers Through Increases in E fficie n cy and Their
Absorption by Industry, 1920, 1931, The • • • • • . . ................
D istribution o f Gains from Rising Technical E fficie n cy in
Progressing E c o n o m ie s ...............................................................................
D istrib u tion 's Place in the American Economy Since 1869 * * . • •
Do Training Programs Work? * o . . . . . . . . . . . .........................
Does P roductivity Rise Faster in the United States? . . . . . . .
Dynamic Factors in Indu strial P roductivity

li.OlO
11*010
11.011
11.012
1.132
7*007
5.008
3.020
l»0l(0
10.003
1+.011
3*021
1*302
5*009
3.022
5.010

E
Economic and Financial Aspects o f Productivity Measurement « • . •
1(*012
Economic Challenge o f Longevity . • • • « • • • • • • * . . • • •
6.010
Economic Development and Productivity Analysis* The Case of
Soviet Metalworking ...............................................
3.023
Economic Development o f Underdeveloped Countries ........................ ....
3»02k
Economic P olicy and F u ll Employment
7.008
Economic Tendencies in the United Statesj Aspects o f Pre-War and
Post-War Changes . . ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7*009
Economic Trends in Woolen and Worsted Industry, 1899-1939 * . . • 11.013
Economics o f the Annual Improvement Factor, The * * • • . . . . •
8*008
E ffectiveness o f Factory labor: South-North Comparisons • • . . •
2.0Q5
E ffects o f Color Dynamics on the E fficie n cy of the Indu strial
Worker
.............................................................
ll.O lli
E ffects o f Increased P roductivity Upon the Ratio o f Urban to Rural
Population • • • * . ........................ . . . . . ............................ . .
7*010
E ffects o f Technological Changes Upon Employment in the Amusement
Industry
1*303
E ffe cts o f Technological Changes Upon Employment in the Motion
Picture Theaters o f Washington,D. C. ... ..................................................
1.30U
E ffects o f Employment o f the Printer Telegraph fo r Handling News *
1*305
Employee P roductivity in Department Stores .. ...............................................
5*011




- 157
Reference
Number

T itle
E—Continued

Employee Understanding and Teamwork f o r Greater P roductivity • . .
Employee's Attitudes and Output • • • • • • * . .................... . * •
Employment and P roductivity in a Sheet S teel M ill • • • • • • • •
Employment in Manufacturing, 1899-1939 • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Employment in Relation to Mechanization in the Bituminous-Coal
Industry • • • • • .................................... * ...............................................
Employment in Relation to Technical Progress ............................• . •
Employment, Production, Wage and Safety S ta tis tic s in the Mining
Industry, 1939-19U& •• ............................................ . . . . . . . .
Engine* The: Rising Productivity e * * * . * * . . . . . . . . .
Enterprise fo r Everyman • • • • . . * . . • • ................ . . . . .
E rratic Behavior o f S teel P roductivity, The • * . . . . .
. . . .
Estimates o f Gross National Product in Constant D ollars, 1929-1:9 •
Europe Today and in i 960 ....................................* .......................................
Europe's Competitive Challenge to American Productivity • • • . *
Evaluation of BLS Data on Productivity, A n . . * . . . . . . . . .
Experiment in Productivity Measurement, A n . . . . . . . . . . . .
Experiment Toward Measurement o f Man-Hour Requirements f o r
Selected Manufacturing Industries, 1939-U9* A n . . ........................
Experimental Procedures and C riteria fo r Estimating Indu strial
P roductivity
. . . .

5*012
5*013
1*208
1*090
1.261
7*011
1.251
6.011
8.007
5*011;
1*003
3*026
3*025
7*012
U*013
li.0lU
11.015

F
Factors A ffecting Inter-plant Differences in Productivity • • • •
Factors A ffecting P roductivity in the Metal Trades • • • • . . . •
Facts o f Productivity, The ............................ ....
................................
Facts on Steels P r o fits , P roductivity, Prices and Wages . . . . „
Farm Costs and Returns, 1955 (With Comparisons) Commercial FamilyOperated Farms, by Type and Location ...............................
•
Farm Work S im plifi cation ............................................... ................... ...
F ield and Crop Labor on Georgia Farms (Coastal Plain Area) . • • •
Forecast o f Production in 1980, A . . . . . . . . . ........................
Forecasting Postwar Demand: IH ...............................................................
Formula f o r Measuring Productivity in D istribution, A . . . . . .
Foundations o f P roductivity Analysis ........................................................
Four-Day Whek, The: How Soon? . . . • • • • ........................................
1U Tools o f the Marshall Plan Productivity Program 1950, The . . .
French Measures Favoring C ollective Bargaining . . ............................
French Study Group in Productivity and Full Employment • • • • . .
From Recovery Towards Economic Strength
Fundamentals o f Getting Work Done Through Others ................................




5*Ol5
5*Ol6
1.091
8.010
l.O ijl
l.OL#
1.0ii3
6.012
6.013
U.015
I;.0l6
7.013
3.027
9*OQ5
7*011;
3.028
9.006

-

158

-

Reference
Number

T it le
0

Gains in Productivity and Farm Labor * • ....................................................
General Motors Wage Agreement o f 191*8, The * * . • ................ ....
General Outlook fo r the American Economy, 191*9-1960, The ....................
Greater Productivity from Modernization, from Expansion * • * • • •
Greater P roductivity Means ~ What?
Greater Productivity through Labor ~ Management Cooperation • » o *
Gross National Farm Product in Constant D ollars, 1910-50 * * * • • .
Group Cohesiveness as a Factor in Industrial Morale and P roductivity
Growth in Use o f Power Equipment in the U. S ., 181*9-1923 o • « • • •
Growth Potentials o f Our Economy, The . « . * * * . . * . . . o * *
Growth Trends in P roductivity, Consumption, and Investment • • • • •
Guide to Raising P roductivity, A o • • • • • • • * . • • • • • • •

1.0l*l*
8*011
6.0ll*
9*007
1**017
9*008
l«0l*5
5*017
5*018
6.015
6*016
5*019

H
Half Century of American P roductivity Measurement, A * * ................ ....
Hand and Machine Labor • < > • • • ................ • • * • ............................... ...
Have You Read? B rief Abstracts o f Important P roductivity Literature
Hearings before the Joint Committee on the Economic Report * . . . .
Higher P roductivity in Manufacturing Industries • • • • * • • * • •
Higher P roductivity through Product Analysis * • • • * • ....................
History of American Technology « * . • * . . . • • . ............................
History o f the Productivity Concept With a Concept on Associated
Union Management Attitude, A * * * . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
Hourly Earnings and Unit Labor Cost in Manufacturing * * ....................
Hours o f Work and Output • • • ...................... • • • ................................. ....
How i s P roductivity o f Refinery Labor Changing * ....................................
How Necessary i s Automation to America
How Shall P rod u ctivity's B enefits Be Shared • * . . . . . • • • • •
How Should Labor Participate in Gains through Technological
Improvements • • • • . • • • • • • • . . » • • • ................................
How Should Productivity Increases Be Shared? * • * . ....................... .
How to Double Wages * • • ........................................................................... ....
How to Increase Labor P roductivity ...................................................
How to Increase Productivity in Small Plants « * * . * . . . . . . .
How to Raise Real Wages * .............................................................................. *
How to S p lit P roductivity Gains With Labor, Owners and Consumers * *
How to Trim Production Costs
How We Can Boost P roductivity
Human Factors in Management • • • . . * • • . • • • • • . . . . . •

1*.018
l.OOl*
10.001*
1**019
5*020
l* ll* l
5*021
11.016
1.092
5*022
1*165
5*023
8.012
8.013
8.011*
7.015
I .l5 l
5*021*
8.015
8.016
2*006
2.007
5*025

I
Importance o f Increased Attention to P roductivity * • • . ................
7*016
Improving Labor E fficie n cy through Improving Farm Organization * • • 1.01*6
Improving Labor Productivity in B ottling Fluid Milk * * * . . . . • 11.017




- 159 Reference
Number

T itle
I —Continued

Improving Productivity in a Wire M ill < > . . . . . ............................ ....
1.209
Incentive Compensation and Increased Productivity . . . . . . . . .
1*.020
Incentives and P roductivity Management's Attitudes toward Incentive
System . . . . . . . . . . . ............................ ...........................................
9.009
Increased Output Becomes a Bone o f Contention • • . ................ ....
5*026
Increased Productivity ................................................................... ...
1.152 , 5.027
Increased P roductivity by Integration o f Forest and Wood U tiliz a tio n
1.306
Increased Productivity in the Construction o f Liberty V essels. . • • 1.30?
............................
1.01*7
Increased Productivity o f the Farm Worker*
Increasing Labor E fficien cy o f Individual Faim Enterprises • • • • • 1.0l*8
Increasing Labor E fficien cy through Worker Training and Improved
Labor Relations ...................................................................................
5*028
Increasing Labor Productivity * . . . . . ................................................
8.017
Increasing Output per Worker and Decreasing Wage Cost per Unit o f
Output . . • • ............................................. • ........................... ...
1.281*
Increasing Productivity and Technological Improvements in Defense
Industries ........................ ........................... ... ...................................................
5.029
Increasing P roductivity, Income Price Trends and the Trade Balance .
7.017
Increasing Productivity through S im p lification , Standardization,
S pecialization . .................... . . ................ . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.008
Index fo r Rating Employee P roductivity, A n . . ........................................ 11.018
Index o f Productivity o f Labor in the S teel, Automobile, Shoe and
Paper Industries
.................... ...............................................................
1.093
Indexes o f Labor Productivity as a P artial Measure of Technological
Change
................................................ ... ........................................
1*.021
Indexes o f Labor Requirements for Selected Shipbuilding Programs * .
1.21*1*
Indexes o f Output Per Man-hour and Unit Man-Hours in Manufacturing • 1.091*
Individual Productivity Differences
1*.022
Industrial Change and Employment Opportunity — A Selected
Bibliography ...................................
10.005
Industrial E fficien cy ............................................................................... ... .
1*.023
Industrial Production, Productivity and D istribution in B rita in ,
Germany and the United S t a t e s .................................... ... ...........................
3.029
Industrial P roductivity. . . . . . .
................................................ 5.030, 5.031
Industrial Productivity and Economic Equilibrium ........................ ....
7.018
Industrial Productivity and Prices
l*.02l*
Indu strial Productivity Growth in Europe and in the United States. • 3.030
Indu strial Productivity Handbook .................... ............................... ;
. . .
2,009
Indu strial P roductivity in Great B ritain and the United States . . .
3.031
Industrial Productivity in Relation to the Cost o f Management. . . .
5.032
Indu strial Stu<fy o f Economic Progress, The * • • • • • • ................ •
1.005
Indu strial Training in the Soviet Union ............................................... ....
5.033
Industry's View on P roductivity and Wages ................................
8.018
In fla tio n or D eflation .......................................................................................
5.031*
Influence o f Productivity on Economic Welfare, The ................................
6.017




-

160
Reference
Number

T it le
I —'Continued

Injury Experiences in the Coal Mining, Analysis of Mine Safety
Factors, Related Employment, and Production Data ................................
Injury Experiences in the Coking Industry o • • . ................ « . . .
Interindustry Wage Structure and P roductivity, The ...............................
Internal Measure o f P roductivity, A n , 0 * . ................ . . . . . . .
International Comparisons o f Productivity • • • • • ........................ •
International Differences in Productivity and in Plant Size • • • •
International Reduction o f Working Hours and Labour P roductivity • •
International Reduction o f Working Hours as Consequence o f Rising
Labor Productivity ...................................
International S ta tis tic s o f Production and Per Capita Output o f
C o a l .......................................................................................................................
Investigation o f Rest Pauses, Working Conditions, and Industrial
E fficie n cy , A n * * * ................................ • * . . . • • • ................ •
Investment C riteria in Development * ............................................................
Investment C rite ria , P roductivity, and Economic Development 0 • • •
I t 's Not Always Productivity o * . . * * . . * ........................................

1*262
1.166
8*019
2.010
3*032
3*033
5*035
7*019
3.03li
5*036
5*037
U.025
U.026

J
Job Enlargement Boosts Production . . . . . . . . . .
........................
Job Performance and Age: A Study in Measurement
................ ...
Jobs A fter the War * • • • . . .......................
Jobs, P roductivity and F ull Employment 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5.038
U.027
6.018
7*020

K
Keeping the BLS Figure Factory Out o f the Line o f Battle * » . . . .
Key to Better Days, The * • • • . • • • . ................................................

1*095
7*021

L
Labor and Management Look at C ollectiv e Bargaining o * . . . . . . *
8.020
Labor and Material Costs in Small House Construction * • • . . . . .
1.081
Labor and the Productivity Issue in Western Europe * . . . . . . . .
3.035
Labor and Unit Costs in P.W.A. Low-Rent Housing . o . . . . . . . .
1.082
Labor Costs and Productivity in the Bituminous Coal Industry • • « • 11.019
Labor Costs in the Coal Industry in Various Countries . . . . . . .
3.036
Labor Costs o f Production • • . • • • • • • . . . . . . ....................
8.021
Labor E fficie n cy and Productiveness in Sawmills • « . • • • • . . .
I.lii5
Labor Management Cooperation • • • • • • • ................ . ................ . .
9*010
Labor-Management Cooperation for Increased P roductivity * • • . • •
9*011
•‘Labor Monopoly” Myth, The .................................... * . . ................... ...
8*022
Labor Productivity . .................................................... . . . . . . .
1.210, 5.039
Labor P roductivity and Costs in Certain Building Trades . . . . . .
1.083




- l6l Reference
Number

T itle
L—Continued

Labor Productivity and Displacement in the E le c tr ic Light and
Power Industry ....................................................... ... .................... ....
Labor Productivity and Displacement in the Leather Industry* • • • •
Labor Productivity and Displacement in the Slaughtering and Meat
Packing Industry ...............................................................................................
Labor Productivity andLabor Cost • • • • • • • * . • • ................. •
Labor Productivity andLabor Costs in Cotton Manufacturing • • • • •
Labor Productivity and Size o f Establishment • • . * . . . . • . • •
Labor Productivity and Size o f Farms* A S ta tis tic a l P it f a l l * . . •
Labor Productivity andTechnological Advances • • • • • • • • * • •
Labor Productivity and the Soviet Challenge • • • • • * • • • • • •
Labor Productivity Functions in Meat Packing o
*
*
.
Labor Productivity in Agriculture and Industry * • ................................
Labor Productivity in Boot and Shoe Making before the Invention o f
Machinery ...........................................
Labor Productivity in Copper Refining o * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Labor Productivity in Slaughtering ....................................................* • • •
Labor Productivity in Soviet and American Industry a * * . * * * . *
Labor P roductivity in
the Automobile Tire Industry • • • • • • • • •
Labor P roductivity in the Boot and Shoe Industry
Labor Productivity in the Leather Industry ................................* . . . *
Labor Productivity in the Soviet Union * * . . * . . . . . . . . . .
Labor Productivity o f the Cotton Textile Industry in Five LatinAmerican Countries ....................................................................................... *
Labor Relations and Productivity in the Building Trades * * * * * •
Labor Requirements:
Hardwood Flooring Production * ...........................
Sand and Gravel and Reacfy-Mixed Concrete ........................ ... ...................
Labor Requirements fo r Construction Materials ........................................
labor Requirements fo r Crops and Livestock ..............................................
Labor Requirements fo r Gypsum Wall P laster and Board • * . . . . • •
Labor Requirements fo r Manufacture o f Synthetic Rubber . . . . . . .
Labor Requirements fo r Synthetic Rubber Industry * . . . . . . . . .
Labor Requirements in Cement Production • • • • . .................... 1,190,
Labor Requirements in Production and D istribution o f Concrete
Masonry Units and Concrete P i p e ................ ... ................... ...
Labor Requirements in Production and D istribution o f Plumbing and
Heating Supplies . . . . . .
................................................................... •
Labor Requirements in Production and D istribution o f Sand and Gravel
Labor Requirements in R ail Transportation o f Construction Materials*
Labor Requirements in Road Construction • • • • • ......................
Labor Requirements in Southern Pine Lumber Production * . . . . • •
Labor Requirements in the Manufacture and D istribution o f E le c tr ic a l
Products * ......................................................................
Labor Requirements to Produce Home Insulation * . . . . ................ ....
Labor Savings in American Industry, 1399-1939 * * . . . . . . . . .
Labor Used fo r Field Crops ........................................... ...................................




1*285
1*171
1*111*

1*006
1*133
5.0l*0
1.0l*9
7*022
3*038
1*115
1.050
1*172
1.211

1*116
3*039
1.169
1.173
1.171*
3.01*0
3 *01*1
1*081*
l.ll*6
1.193
1.188
1.051
1.189
1.155
1.156
1.191
1.192
1*226
1.270
1.286
1.085
1.11*7
1.237
1.191*
1.007
1.052

-

162
Reference
Number

T itle
L—Continued

Labor Used fo r Livestock • • . ............................ • . • • • .......................
Labor's R esponsibility fo r Full Productivity • • • • • • ....................
Lead and Zinc Mining and M illing in the United States . . . . . . .
Learning Curve as a Production T ool, The • • • • • • • • • .................
Leather Manufacturings Man-Hour Requirements, 1939-1*6 . . . . . . .
Levels o f Expectation in Productivity • • • . . . . . . . . . . . .
List and Index o f Interindustry Research Items and Miscellaneous
Papers •
.....................
Living Costs, Prices and P roductivity • • ........................ . . . . . .
Living Standards and Productivity o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Location Theory and the Cotton Industry • • « . . . .................... ...
Logic o f B ritish and American Indust xy, The ...........................................
Long Range Economic P rojection , The ............................................................
................................
Look at the Productivity Record, A . . . . . . . .

1.053
9.012
1.271
1*.028
1.175
5.0l*l
10.006
6.019
6.020
lol3l*
3.01*2
6.021
1.096

M
Machinery and Equipment Prices and Wages • • .................... . . . . . .
M agnificient Decline of U.S. Farming, The ...........................................
Major Sources o f P roductivity Information
•
Management Problems in Programs fo r Revising Productivity Standards
Under Incentive Wage Plans
Management Problems o f Worker P roductivity ................................................
Management Techniques fo r Increasing Labor Productivity • • • • . .
Man-Hour Output in Manufacturing • • • . . . .................................... .... •
Man-Hour Productivity in the Blast-Furnace Industry in 1929 . . . .
Man-Hour Productivity in the Lumber Industry in the P a cific Coast
States in 1929 ................................................................................... ...
Man-Hour P roductivity in the Petroleum-Refining Industry in 1929 « .
Man-Hour Trends in Selected Industries: Men's Dress S h irts, ManHours per Dozen 1939-1*7} Footwear Manufacture, Man-Hours per Pair,
1939-!|5} F e r t iliz e r Manufacture, Man-Hours per Ton, 1939-U6 . . .
Man-Hours Expended per Unit:
Selected Construction Machinery. 1939 to 191)5 ................................
Selected Machine Tools, 1939-19&5 . . ................................................
Man-Hours o f Labor per Unit o f Output in S teel Manufacture . . . . .
Man-Hours per Unit o f Output in the Basic S teel Industry (1939-1955)
Manual o f Time and Motion Stuty, A . . . . . ................ ...
Manufacturing Investment Since 1929 in Relation to Employment,
Output and Input
................ • • .................... •
Marginal P roductivity Analysis — A Defect and Remecfy, A . . . . . •
Maximizing Worker Productivity through Evaluation o f I ts Components:
A Hypothesis ........................................................... ........................... ...
Meaning and Measurement o f
National Productivity ... ..............
Meaning and Measurement o f Productivity
Meaning and Measurement o f
P roductivity in D istribu tion , The . . . .




8.023
1.051*
10.007
11.020
9.013
9.0ll*
1.097
1.212
l.ll*8
1.167
1.098
1.227
1.228
1.213
1.211*
1*.029
1.008
1*.030
1*.031
1*.032
1*.033
l*.03l*

- 163
Reference
Number

T itle
M—Continued

Meaning o f Productivity Indexes, The
............................ l+*035
Measurement o f Current Trends in Output Per Man-Hour 0 . . . . . . .
1+.036
Measurement o f Productive E fficie n cy , The ............................................... l+*037
Measurement o f P roductivity, The •
1+.038
Measurement o f P roductivity in State Undertakings and Public
Services, The
.................... . . . . . . . . .
1+.039
Measurement o f P roductivity — Methods used by the Bureau o f Labor
S ta tis tic s in the U.S.A. ................................ ............................................... l+.Ol+O
Measurement o f the Technological Factor in Labor P roductivity, The • l+.Oljl
Measurement o f Unit Man-Hour Requirements • • . . . . . .................... 1+.01+2
Measuring Labor’ s Productivity ....................................................... ... 2.011, 1+.01+3
Measuring P roductivity in Coal Mining, 1919-191+8 e • ........................ .... 1.263
Measuring the Economic P roductivity o f Land .................... ...
1+.01+1+
Measuring the P roductivity o f Capital ....................................................... 1+.01+5
Mechanical Changes in the Cotton T extile Industry, 1910 to 1936 . . 1.135
Mechanical Changes in the Woolen and Worsted Industries, 1910 to
1936 ....................................................................................................................... 1.136
Mechanization, Employment and Output per Man in Bituminous Coal
M in in g....................................................................................................................... 1,26k
Mechanization and P roductivity o f Labor in the Cigar Manufacturing
Industry . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . .
................ . .
1.130
Mechanization in Industry
5 .0l£
Mechanization in the Brick Industry . . » • • • • .................... . . .
1.195
Mechanization in the
Cement Industry ..... .........................................
1.196
Mechanization in the
LumberIndustry ..... ......................
7*023
Mechanization Trends in Material Handling . . . . . .................... . .
1.21+5
Mechanization Versus Wages .....................................................................................5*01+3
Meeting the Nation's Need fo r Steel a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.021+
Methods o f Increasing Labor Productivity in M ulti-Story and Small
One-Floor Grocery Warehouses ....................................................................... 2.012
Methods o f Increasing Productivity in Modern Grocery Warehouses • . 2.013
Methods o f Labor P roductivity S ta tis tic s . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U. Oi+6
Mineral Technology and Output per Man Studies: R ock-D rilling . . .
1.272
Minerals Yearbook (Annual) . . . . . . . . .
............................................ 1.252
Mining Industries, 1899-1939, a Study o f Output, Employment and
Productivity ...................................
1.253
Miracle o f P roductivity, The ...............................................
7.021+
Modem Industry ...................................
2.011+
Modern Science and Management Creating a New Industrial Revolution • 7*025
Monthly Production Indexes and Changes in Output per Man-Hour 0 . . 1.099
Morale and Productivity ...............................
5*01+1;
More Food from Fewer Workers • • . . . * . . ................................................ 1*055
More Productivity fo r Europe . . . .................................... ...
3*Ol+3
More Productivity from Engineers ..........................................................
9*Ol5
Motivation and Increased Productivity ............................................................5.01+5
M ultiple Unit Operations and Gross Labor Productive +y Within the Old
Cotton Belt ........................................................................................................... 1.056




- 16U
Reference
Number

T it le

N
NAN Can't See P roductivity P a y .................................................... ...
National Income, A Summary o f F i n d i n g s ....................................................
National Output at F u ll Employment in 1950, The . ...............................
National P roductivity: I t s R elationship to Unemployment in
prosperity .......................................................................................................
National P roductivity and I t s Long-Term Projection . . . . . . . .
National Prosperity Program fo r 1955, A ........................................ ....
Nature o f Productivity as a Wage Determinant and Issue o f C ollectiv e
Bargaining, T h e ...................................................
New Productivity fa r theW e s t........................................................................
New S ociety , T h e .......................
New Surge in P roductivity ......................................................
New Task in the Measurement o f Production and P roductivity . . . .
Nine Incentive Plans in a Two Hundred Man Plant ....................................
Note on "P rod u ctiv ity " Wage Increases, A . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notes on the Productivity Conference ...................................................
Number o f Shops and P roductivity in R e ta il D istribution in Great
B rita in , the United States and Canada ....................................................

8.025
6.022
6.023
7.026
6.021:
6.025
8.026
3.0UU
6.026
1.009
U.0U7
5.01:6
8.027
U.0U8
3.01:5

0
O bjective Procedures f o r Estimating Indu strial P roductivity . . . .
Of P roductivity S ta tis t ic s ? An Admonition ............................................
On C apital P roductivity: Input A llocation and Growth . ....................
On the Measurement o f the produ ctivity o f Labor ....................................
Only More Production Can O ffset in fla tio n ................................................
Organization and Technology in Soviet Metalworking
Our Living Standards Can Go Up ...................................................................
Our Miracle o f P roductivity
. .
Output and P roductivity in the E le c tr ic and Gas U t ili t i e s , 18991 9 1 :2 ...................................................................................................................
Output o f Coal Miners in Great B ritain and Various Other Countries.
Output o f Manufacturing in d u stries, 1899-1937, The • ........................
Output Per Man-Hour and Unit Man-Hour Requirements, 1909-1950 . . .
Output Per Man-Hour in a Forest industry ................................................
Output Per Man-Hour Basic S teel ...............................................................
Output Per Man-Hour in French industry, 1938-1947 . . . . . . . . .
Output Per Man-Hour in Manufacturing, 1939-47 and 1947-53 ...............
Output Per Man-Hour in Selected Nonmanufacturing Industries . . . .
Output Per Man-Hour in 27 In d u stries, 1950
Output Per M a n - S h ift .......................................................................................

4.01:9
7.027
U.050
U.051
7.028
3.01:6
7.029
5.01:7
1.287
3.01:7
1.100
1.010
1.11:9
1.215
3.01:8
1.101
1.011
1.012
1.265

P
Partners in P roductivity} Shoe Factory, France ....................................
3.01:9
Physical Conditions o f the Work Environment and Their E ffects
Upon Production, The ........................................................................................11.021




-

165

-

Reference
Number

T itle
P~Continued

Plant Level P roductivity in French and American Shoe Manufacturing 3*050
Plant Operation Report •
2.015
Plant-Wide Productivity Bonus in a Small Factory, A • • . . . . .
2.016
Pond Creek Productivity Upped ...................................................................
1.266
6.027
Population Booms C all fo r Rising productivity • ................................
Postwar Economic Perspectives ..................................................................
6.028
Postwar Growth in Soviet Labor Productivity ........................................
3«05l
Postwar income Potentials in Measuring and Projecting National
income
. . . . . . . . . . .
6.029
Postwar Manpower and Its Capacity to Produce • • • . . . . . • •
6.030
Postwar National income — I t s Probable M agnitude............................
6.031
Postwar P roductivity Growth in united States ............................ ...
1.013
P oten tial Economic Growth of the United States During the Next
Decade ...............................................................
1.031*
Power, Machines, and Plenty ............................................
6.032
P ra ctical Methods o f Increasing Productivity in Manufacturing
Industries ...................................................................................................
3.052
predicting Group Productivity . . . . . . . . ................................ •
5.0U8
Price Rises P ull Up Labor Costs . . . . . . .................................... •
8.028
prices-Costs-Wages •• ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.029
P rices, P roductivity, and Factor Return Assumptions in Long-Range
Economic P rojections . . . . . . . ................................................ •
6.033
P rices, Wages, and In d u stria l P roductivity in Australia and
New Zealand . . . . . . . ................................ . . . . . . . . . .
3.053
Primary Employment E ffects o f P roductivity Gains, The • • . . . .
7.030
problems o f Labor P roductivity in Wartime . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.016
Procedure fo r Measuring Employee P roductivity
U.Q52
Proceedings of the Conference on P roductivity, June 1*, 19U9 . . .
7.031
Proceedings o f the Conference on Productivity, 1950
................ ...
7.032
Production and Welfare in Agriculture ...................................................
1.057
Production Economics o f Growth, The . . . . . ....................................
6.03U
Production, Employment and Output Per Man in Gypsum Mining . . .
1.273
Production, Employment and Productivity in 59 Manufacturing
in d u stries, 1919-36 ...................................................................................
1.102
Production, Employment and Productivity in the Mineral Extractive
In du stries, 1880-1938 •• ........................ . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.271*
Production Functions and B ritish Coal Mining . ................................
3.051*
production Management, P roductivity, Costs, Wages, Labor Relations 1*.053
P roductivity ............................................................
l*.05i*, 5.0l*9
P roductivity:
Critique of Current Use, A . . . . ........................................
1*.055
Economic and S ocia l Challenge to American Leadership, An . . .
5.050
Gauge o f Economic Performance ...........................................
7.01*2
Gauge o f Economic Performance in s tr u c to r ’ s Manual . . . . . .
7.0l*3
How to Increase I t . .......................
5.056
I t s Measurement and Relationship With Wages ............................ ... 10.008




-

166
Reference
Number

T it le
P--Continued
P roductivity t —Con tinned

Key to Plenty ...................................................................................................
6.036
Fast and Present ...............................................................................................
1.015
Prospective Trends and H istorica l Factors ....................................... .
5.062
S t i l l Going U p ...................................................................................................
5.065
7.0i?8
Great Age o f 3/6> The .......................................................................................
Who Gets the Benefits
................ . . . . .
7.056
8.030
Productivity a Big Labor issu e in 1951? ................................................
Productivity a Restraining Price Influence • ............................................
7.033
Productivity an Important Function o f Management .................... ...
I?.058
P roductivity — and C ollectiv e Bargaining ...............................................
9.017
Productivity and Attitude Toward Supervisor ................................................
5 .(# 1
P roductivity and Consumption Trends . . . . . . . . .................... . . .
6.035
Productivity and Displacement of Labor in Ticker Telegraph Work . . .
1.288
Productivity and Economic Development in Latin America .................... ...
3.055
P roductivity and Economic Progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.036, 7.03U
Productivity and Economics ........................ ... ...................................................
7.035
P roductivity and Employment 1955-1965 ............................ ...............................
7.036
Productivity and Employment in Selected Industries? Beet Sugar . . .
1.117
P roductivity and Employment in Selected Industriess Brick and T ile • 1.197
P roductivity and Human R elations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.052
P roductivity and Labor Cost Trends . . . . . . . . . . . .
................
7«037
P roductivity — and Labor Relations ................................................................
9.018
produ ctivity and Living Standards ...........................................
. 7.038, 7.039
Productivity and Progress ............................ ... ....................................... 7.0l|0, 8.031
P roductivity and Real Wages .....................................................................
8.032
Productivity and Technological Changes in the Chemicals Industry,
1929-UO.......................................
1.157
P roductivity and the AmericanStandard of Living .....................................
6.037
Productivity and the Trade Unionsin France ............................................
9.019
8.033
Productivity and the Wage Structure ................................................................
Productivity and the Worker ........................................................ 3.056, 7.0l?l, 8.031?
P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in Selected Manufacturing in d u stries,
1919-19U0................................................................................................................
1.103
P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in Selected Manufacturing in d u stries,
1939-19l?5...............................................................................................................
1.101?
P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in Selected Mining In du stries,
1935-19l?5...............................................................................................................
1.251?
P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in Steam Railroad Transportation,
1935-19U5...............................................................................................................
1.290
Productivity and Unit Labor Cost in the E le c tr ic Light and Power
industry, 1917-19l?5...........................................................................................
1.289
P roductivity and Unit Labor Cost in the Lead and Zinc Mining
in du stry, 1935-19l?9............................................................................................
1.275




- 167 Reference
Number

T itle
P~Continued

produ ctivity and unit Labor Cost in the Telephone and Telegraph
in d u strie s, 1935-191+5 • ............................
1.291
P roductivity and Wage Control * • . . ........................................................
8*03$
p rodu ctivity and Wages * ........................
8*036
P roductivity and Wages in C o lle ctiv e Bargaining • * . .......................
8*037
p rodu ctivity and Wages in the united States • • • • * . . ................
8*038
P roductivity as a Factor in Wage Determination * • • • . . * • • .
8.039
produ ctivity as a Standard fo r Wage Determination * • • • • * • • •
8.01*0
Productivity as an issue in the F all River — New Bedford Cotton
and Rayon T extile industry* * . • • • • • * . ................ * • • * •
11.022
p rod u ctivity as Seen by the Manufacturer * ........................ • • * • •
1*176
produ ctivity Accounting ...................................................................................
Iu0$7
P roductivity Capacity o f Rural and Urban Labor, The: A Case Study.
1.059
produ ctivity Changes * ...................................................................................
U.0$9
productivity Changes in Selected Wartime Shipbuilding Programs* . •
1*21:6
Productivity Changes in the T extile Industry • • • . . • • * • . •
1.137
Productivity Changes Since 1939 ...................................................................
1*016
P roductivity Comparisons Between Some American and English Shoe
Factories * • • * . .......................................................................................
3.057
Productivity Costs in the Common-Brick industry * * ........................ ...
1*198
P roductivity, Earnings, Costs and prices in the Private Nonagri cu ltu ral Sector o f the Economy, 191*7-56 . . . . . . . . . . .
8.0l*l
P rodu ctivity, Employment and Living Standards * . . . . * • •
3*058, 5*053
P roductivity Gains Equal Expectations * .................... ....
1*105
prod u ctivity, Hours, and Compensation o f Railroad Labor, 1933 to
1936 ...................................................................................................................
1.292
Productivity in an Expanding Economy « • • • • • • • . . . . . • •
3*059
P roductivity in A gricultures 1909-191*2
1.058
P roductivity in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United S tates. .
3.060
produ ctivity in Canadian Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.061
P roductivity in Chemical Plant Maintenance * . . . . . . . . . . •
2.017
P roductivity in Coal Mines ....................................................................... ....
5.051*
P roductivity in E le ctric EnergyGeneration ...........................................
1.295
Productivity in E le c tr ic Energy Generation: 1937-191*2 . . . . . .
1.296
Productivity in Government and the Output o f Government Services, • 1*308
p rod u ctivity in Industry — A Round Table Discussion . . . . . . .
7.0l*l*
Productivity in Manufacturing in the Postwar Period in Canada,
Western Europe, and the United States . . . • • • ....................
3.062
P roductivity in Nanmanufacturing (U.S. since 1939) ............................
1.017
P roductivity in Puerto R ico * .................................... ...................................
3.063
Productivity in Railroad Labor
1.293
productivity in Railroad Transportation, 1939-51 • • • • . . . . •
1.291*
Productivity in Research and Development, ................................................
7.01*5
Productivity in R e ta il D istribution .......................................................
3.061*
P roductivity in Slaughtering and Meat Packing Industry, 1919-1*1 . . 1,118
P roductivity in the Alumina and Aluminum In du stries; 191*1-191*3 * * 1.216
449922 O - 58 - 12




-

168

-

Reference
Number

T it le
P--Continued

P roductivity in the
Anthracite Mining Industry. 1935-19U8 . . . . 1.267
Productivity in the
Beet Sugar Industry, 1939-U8 . ....... .........
1.119
P roductivity in the
Belgian Coal Mining I n d u s t r y ....................
3.065
P roductivity in the
Bituminous Coal Mining Industry, 1935-19U8. . 1.268
P roductivity in the
B last Furnace and Open Hearth Segments o f the
S te e l industry, 1920-U 6...........................................................................
1.217
P roductivity in the
Bread and Other Bakery Products Industry* • •1.120
P roductivity in the
Cane Sugar Refining Industry . . . . . . . . 1.121
P roductivity in the
Cement industry: 1939-U9 ....... .....................
1.199
P roductivity in the
Chemical Industry ...........................
2.018
P roductivity in the
Clay Construction Products industry, 1939-U8. 1.200
P roductivity in the
Coke Oven In d u stries:
1939-U8
. . . . . . . 1.168
P roductivity in the
Copper Ores Mining Industry, 1935-U9
. . . . 1.276
P roductivity in the
E le c tr ic lig h t and Power Industry, 1917-19U8. 1.297
produ ctivity in the
F e r tiliz e r Industry ...................
1.158
P roductivity in the
Footwear, Except Rubber, Industry . . . . . . 1.177
P roductivity in the
Glass Products Group ...................................
1.201
Productivity in the
Hosiery in du stries, 1939-U9 ........................
l.llj.2
P roductivity in the
iron Mining industry, 1935-U8 . . . . . . . . 1.277
Productivity in the Leather i n d u s t r y ............................................ 1.178, 1.179
Productivity in the
Light F lat-R olled Segment o f the S teel Industry 1.218
Productivity in the
Planned Economics o f Eastern Europe • • • • . 3.066
P roductivity in the
Portland-Cement Industry . - ........................
1.202
Productivity in the
Primary Smelting and Refining o f Copper, Lead
and Zinc, 1939-U8
...................................................................................
1.219
5.055
P roductivity in the Salaried Organization ............................................
Productivity in the Shoe Industry .................... ...
1.180, 1.181
Productivity in the Short Term ................................................................
U.060
Productivity in Underdeveloped Countries ....................................
3.067
Productivity in War and Peace ............................ ........................... ....
U.061
P roductivity i s an Attitude . ................................ . ' ...............................
5.057
P roductivity M easurem ent................ ... ...............................................3.071, U.063
Productivity Measurement - A Tool fo r Evaluating Production
E fficie n cy ...............................................
U.06U
P roductivity Measurementt
Concepts ............................ ... ............................... ... ........................... ... .
U.066
Plant Level Measurements, Methods and Results ........................ ...
3.071
P roductivity Measurement and Control • • • . . . ...........................
U.065
P roductivity Measurement Program o f the Bureau o f Labor
S t a t is t ic s , The ...........................................................................................
Iu067
P roductivity Measurement Review . . . . . . . . . . .
U.O68, U.O69, U.070
Productivity Measurements Can be Obtained and Used . . . . . . .
U.071
P roductivity o f a New England Cotton M ill, 1838-1925 . . . . . .
1.138
Productivity o f A griculture Workers by Size in Enterprise and by
Region . . . . . .................... . . . . . . ................ . . . . . .
1.060
P roductivity o f Farm Labor ....................................... ........................... ...
1.061




- 169 Reference
Number

T it le
P—Continued

produ ctivity o f Farm Labor, 1909 to 1938? Changes in Average
Output ............................ . ........................ ........................... ...
1.062
P roductivity o f Food Marketing Personnel • • • • • . . . . . . • •
5.058
Productivity o f Labor • • • • • ............... . . . . . ............................
5.059
Productivity o f Labor, The: A Note on Terminology and Method . . .
7.0U6
Productivity o f Labour in B r itis h , American and German A griculture.
3.069
P roductivity o f Labor in the Building of Concrete Roads in I l l i n o i s
1.087
P roductivity of Labor in the Cement, Leather, Flour and Sugar
R efining In du stries, 19lU to 1925 ...........................................................
1.106
P roductivity o f Labor in 11 Manufacturing Industries . ....................
1.107
Productivity o f Labor in the Glass industry ............................................
1.203
Productivity of Labor in Great B ritain, The . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.068
Productivity o f Labor in Loading and Discharging Ship Cargoes . . .
1.309
Productivity o f Labor in Merchant Blast Furnaces ...........................
1.220
Productivity o f Labor in Newspaper printing ............................................
1.153
5.060
P roductivity o f Labor in Peace and War • • • • . . . . ...................
P roductivity o f Labor in S treet and Road Building and in Ditch
Digging ...............................................................................................................
1.086
P roductivity o f Labor in the Cot ton-Garment Industry • • . . . . .
5.061
P roductivity o f Labor in the Cotton Industry...........................................
5.070
produ ctivity o f Labor in the Rubber Tire Manufacturing industry . .
1.170
produ ctivity o f Labor in the Sheet Department o f the Iron and S teel
industry ..............................................................
1.221
....................
1.293
P roductivity o f Railroad Labor
P roductivity o f Resources Used on Commercial Farms . . . . . . . .
1.063
Productivity o f the Human Agent in Agriculture* The* An
International C om p a rison ..............................................................
11.023
P roductivity on the increase • • • • ...................
1.018
Productivity on the Upgrade ...........................................................................
2.019
Productivity R atio, The: Some Analytical Limitations on Its Use .
U.072
Productivity Rise Ahead ...................................
7.01*7
Productivity Rush: Industry Boosts? Output Per Worker to Trim
Labor M aterial Costs ..............................................................
5.063
P roductivity Stands S t i l l . • • • • ...............................
5.061*
P roductivity Studies? Planning Guides fo r industry . .................... ....
U.073
p rod u ctivity, Supervision and Employee Morale . . . . . . . . . . .
5.066
P roductivity, Supervision and Morale Among Railroad Workers . . . .
5.067
P roductivity, Supervision and Morale in an O ffice Situation . . . .
5.068
P roductivity Survey o f English and French Manufacturing Plants. . .
3.072
produ ctivity — The Hot New I s s u e ....................................................
i*.07U
P roductivity, the Key to National S e c u r i t y .......................... ..............
5.069
P roductivity, the Key to Prosperity ...........................................................
7.0l*9
P roductivity, T h rift and the Rate o f In terest ........................................
7.050
Productivity Trends ...........................................................
7.051




-

170

-

Reference
Number

T itle
P~Continued

P roductivity Trends?
C apital and Labor .......................................................................................
1.019
Im plication fo r Wage P olicy ...................................................................
8.0l*2
Portents o f the Future ............................................... ....................... .... .
7.052
What the Averages Conceal • • * . . . . . ........................................
7*053
P roductivity Trends in American Industries ............................................
1.020
produ ctivity Trends in Gray Iron Foundries, 19U6-50 . .........................
1.222
P roductivity Trends in Selected Industries* indexes Through 1950 •
1.021
Productivity Trends 1909 to 1950? Agriculture « . . . . ................
1.061?
P roductivity Trends in the Canning and Preserving In d u stries,
1939- 191*9...........................................................................................................
1.122
Productivity Trends in the Condensed and Evaporated Milk Industry,
1939-1950 ............................................................................................................
1.123
P roductivity Trends in the Confectionery Industry, 1939-1951 . . .
1.121?
P roductivity Trends in the Flour and Other Grain-M ill Products
Industry, 1939-1951 • • • • • • • • » • • • • • . . . . . * • • •
1.125
P roductivity Trends in the
Glass Container Industry, 1935-1951* •
•1.201?
Productivity Trends in the
Ice Cream Industry, 1939-1951 * . • .
•1.126
P roductivity Trends in the
Malt liqu ors Industry, 1939-1950 • • .
. 1.127
P roductivity Trends in the
M illing I n d u s tr y ....................................
1.128
P roductivity Trends in the
Rayon and Other Synthetic Fibers Industry,
1939-191*8 ...........................................................................................................
1.159
P roductivity Trends in the
Tobacco products Industries, 1939-1950
•1*131
P roductivity, U. S.
A. and
Full Em ploym ent....................................
7.051*
p rod u ctivity, United States by Decades, 1891-1950 ................................
1.022
P roductivity, Wage Rates, and Employment ................................................
8.0i?3
P roductivity — Wage R elationship, The * . . ...............................
8.0l?l?
P roductivity, Wages and National income • • • .......................................
8.0l?5
produ ctivity, Wages and the Balance o f Payments ....................................
7*055
P roductivity o f Agriculture Workers by Size o f Enterprise and by
Region • * . . . . . ........................................ . . . . . . .................
1.060
Progress and Problems o f Physical Output Measurement . . . . . . .
1?.075
Progress and Status o f produ ctivity Measurement in the United
States ...................................
1*.0?6
Progress in Productivity and Pay, A ll U. S. Manufacturing Combined.
5.070
progress o f Farm Mechanization • • . • • • • • . . ............................
1.065
Progress through P roductivity . . . . . . . .................... . . . . . .
6.039
Progress Unlimited * . . ................................................................................
6.0l?0
P rojecting Labor Loads in A ircra ft Production ........................................
1.2l?7
Proper Approach and Solution to Wage Incentive Plan Problems, The .
2.020
Prospects o f Permanent F ull Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.0i?l
Psychologists at Work * • • • • • • • ................. . . . . . . . . . .
5.071
Pulp and Paper Industry in the U. S. A ., The . . . . . . . . . . .
1.151*
Purpose and Method o f Measuring P roductivity, The .................... ....
1*.062




- 171 Reference
Number

T it le
Q

Quantitative Comparison o f Certain P sychological Conditions Related
to Group P roductivity in Two Widely D ifferen t In du strial
S itu ation s, A • ............................................ .... ............................ . . . »

11.02U

R
Race o f P roductivity! Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R ailroad Workers Win U-Cent Hourly ''P roductivity” Increase . . . .
Raising P roductivity in I s r a e l ...................................................................
Rayon Labor P roductivity ........................ ........................... ... ................... ...
Real Danger o f High C osts, The ....................................................................
Recent Productivity Changes in Copper Mining
...............................
Recent Productivity Changes in Lead and ZincMining ..............................
Recent Productivity Trends ...................................
Recent produ ctivity Trends and Their im p lic a t io n s ................ ... 7.057,
Recent Trends in P roductivity • • • • ........................ ...............................
Recent Trends in Productivity in the AmericanEconomy .........................
Redesign Pays O ff in Higher p r o d u c t i v i t y ................................ ...
Regional D ifferences in Costs and P roductivity in the American
Cotton Manufacturing Industry, 1880-1910 . . . . . . .
................
Regional Labor p rodu ctivity in the T extile Industry ........................ ...
R elation o f A gricu ltu ral Production to Inputs . . . . . . . . . . .
R elation o f Energy Output to Production in the United States . . .
R elation o f Wages to P roductivity • • • • . . . . . . • • . • • • •
Relations Between Factory Employment and Output Since 1899, The . •
R elationship Between Total Output and Man-Hour Output in American
Industry, The
Relationships Between Productivity Measures • • • • . • • . . . • •
Report o f the Cotton T extile Mission to -the U. S. A. . . . . . . .
Requirements and Costs fo r Picking, Snapping, and Sledding Cotten
in West Texas and Oklahoma
.................................... ...
"Research Findings in Employee Morale and P roductivity" in Making
Personnel P ractices Pay O ff ...........................................
Resource Adjustments to Equate P rod u ctivities in Agriculture . . .
Resource and Output Trends in the United States Since 1870 . . . .
Resource Productivity and income fo r a Sample o f West Kentucky
Farms . . • • • • .......................................................
Resource P roductivity, Returns to Scale, and Farm Size . . . . . .
Resource Returns and Productivity C oefficien ts in Selected Farm
Regions ..................................................................
Resource Use and P roductivity in World Agriculture • • • • • . • •
R estriction of Output Among Unorganized Workers
Review o f Economics and S ta tis t ic s ....................................................... ....
Rewards of Increased Productivity .......................................
R ig id ity o f P ayrolls Held Threat to Continuation o f Free Enterprise
R ising P rodu ctivity, Maintaining Prosperity • • • . • • • • • • • •




6*0^2
8.0U6
3.073
1.160
1.223
1.278
1.279
1.023
7.058
1.108
1.02U
1.229
1.139
l.lUO
1.066
5.072
8.0U7
1.109
7.059
U.077
3.07U
1.067
5.073
1.068
1.025
1.069
1.070
1.071
1.072
5*07U
9.020
8.0U8
8.0U9
6.0U3

- 172 Reference
Number

T it le
R— Continued

Role o f P roductivity in Economic Growth............................................ . «
Role o f Research in Economic Growth, The . • . ....................................
Russian Labor Productivity S ta tis tic s .......................................

7*060
5.075
U.078

S
Sand and Gravel ........................................................................................... ...
Scale o f Output and Technical Organization o f the Firm . . . . . .
Science and the Changing Face of Industry — The S ocia l phase . . .
Second In d u strial Revolution • • . . • • . . . • .................... . . .
Secret o f American P rosperity, The ...........................................
Section Work in the Women’ s Garment Industry
S elect Bibliography on produ ctivity • • • • • • • • • . . . . . . «
Selected References on Productivity ............................ 10.010, 10.011,
Selected Statements In terpreting the P roductivity Measurement
program o f the Bureau o f Labor S ta tis t ic s
Sharing P roductivity Increases
.
Sharing the Gains of P roductivity • • • • . . • • • . . . ................
Sharing the Gains o f Technological Change
.................... ...
S h iftin g Employment Pattern, The
Shoe Industry’ s Rising P roductivity, A 30-Year Record and I t s
S ign ifica n ce, The . . . . . ................. . . . . . . . ........................
Short History o f Technology, A ...................................................................
Short-Run Behavior of Physical P roductivity and Average Hourly
Earnings • ..............................................................................................
S ign ifican ce o f Current Trends in P rice s, Wages and P roductivity,
The ............................................................................................................
S ign ifican ce o f Nonmechanical Factors in Labor Productivity and
Displacement
. . . .
S ign ifican ce o f Productivity Data, nThe . . . . ................................ ....
S ignificance o f the 19U8 General Motors Agreement, The . . . • • •
S o cia l Climate and P roductivity in Small M ilitary Groups . . . . .
S ocio-P sych ological Factors in P roductivity ......................................
Some A lternatives to the Marginal P roductivity Theory as an
Explanation o f Firm Employment Level
Some Aspects o f P roductivity and the Balance o f Payments • • . • •
Some Concepts and lim itation s o f P roductivity Measures • • • • • •
Some Considerations in the Measurement o f produ ctivity o f Railroad
Workers ..................................................................................................................
Some Economic Aspects o f Adjustments to Technological Change . . .
Some Measures o f Changing Labor produ ctivity and Their use in
Economic Analysis ........................................................................................
Some Observations on Soviet In d u stria l Growth • • • . . ....................
S oviet Economic Growth — Conditions and Perspectives • • . . . . .
Soviet In d u stria l Production, 1928-1951» • • • • ......................................
Soviet Labor and the Question o f Productivity




1.205
2.021
5.076
6.0UU
6.0it5
9.021
10.009
10.012
U.079
6.QU6
6.0U7

8.050
7.061
1.182
6.0l|8
8.051
8.052
5.077
7.062
8.053
7.063
2.022
11.025
11.026
U.080
1.298
11.027
6.0U9
3.075
3.076
3.077
3.078

- 173 Reference
Number

T it le
S~Continued

Soviet Labor P roductivity ...............................................................................
S ta tis tic a l Evaluation o f the E ffects o f Wage in cen tiv es, A • . . .
S ta tis t ic a l Problems Confronted in the Analysis o f the Relationship
Between Production, Productivity, and Employment . ........................
Stimulation o f Creative Thinking in the Business Organization, The.
Study o f P roductivity and I t s Measurement, A ........................................
Study o f the Relationship Between Employee Attitudes and Produc­
t i v i t y in a Group o f Factory Workers, A . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Summary o f Proceedings o f Conference on Productivity
.....................
Supervisor and P roductivity, The • • • • • • • • ................ ...
Sure, I Could Produce More . ................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Survey o f Economic Theory on Technological Change and Employment. .
Survey o f the Economy . ............................................................................... ...

3*07?
11.028
U.081
11.029
11.030
11.031
U.082
5*078
5.079
7.06U
3.080

T
Technological Advances and S k illed Manpower . . . . . . ....................
Technological Change and P roductivity . ................................ . . . . .
Technological Change, Ideology, and P roductivity . ............................
Technological Changes and Employment in the E le ctric Lamp Industry.
Technological Changes and Employment in the U. S. Postal S ervice. •
Technological Improvements in the iro n and S teel Industry and Their
E ffe cts on Employment .................... ... ....................... ....
Technological Innovations and the Changing Socio-Economic Structure
Technology:
Farmings Chemical Age ................................ ... ...........................................
The Automatic Factory ........................ ... ...................................................
Technology and the Standard o f Living in the United States . . . .
Technology, Employment, and Output per Man in Copper Mining . . . .
Technology, Employment and Output per Man in Iron Mining. . . . . .
Technology, Employment and Output per Man in Petroleum and Natural
Gas Production ...............................................................................................
Technology, Employment and Output per Man in Phosphate-Rock Mining.
Technology in Our Econony ...............................................................................
Technology on the Farm .................................... ... ...........................................
Technology Takes Over the Farm — and the Farmer ................................
T ex tile Wages, An International Study ........................ ... ...........................
Theory of Inter ind us try Wage Structure Variation, A * . ................ ....
This Thing Called P r o d u c t i v i t y ..................................................................
Three Keys to More P roductivity ............................................................... ....
Tightening Work Standards • • • • • • . . . . • . • ............................
Time and Labor Costs in Manufacturing 100 Pairs o f Shoes, 1923 • .
Time and Labor Cost o f Production in the Woolen and Worsted
Industry} U. S ., England, France, Germany • • • • • . . . . . . •
Time fp r L iv in g ...................................................................................................




10.013
7.065
7.066
1.238
1.310
3*081
7.067
1.073
7.068
6.050
1.280
1.281
1.282
1.283
8.05U
1.07U
5.080
3.082
8.055
U.083
7.069
9.022
1.183
3.083
7.070

- 17U -

Reference
Number

T it le
T—Continued

Toward F ull Employment and F u ll Production . . . . . . . . . . . .
Towards Higher Labour P roductivity in "the Countries o f Western
Europe .................................... ............................... . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade union Attitudes and Their E ffe c t Upon p rodu ctivity . . . . .
Trade unions and P roductivity ............................ ... ........................ 8.056,
Transportation in d u s trie s , l889-19l*6j A Study o f Output, Employment,
and P roductivity, The • • • • . . ............................ ... ...........................
Trends in A gricultural Employment ................................................................
Trends in Employment in A griculture, 1909-36
................ ...
Trends in Equipping the American Worker
............................ ...
Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Car: Selected Types o f Railroad
Freight Cars, 1939-191*8 ................................................................
Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Dozen Men's Dress S h irts, 1939-1*7.
Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Dozen Men's Work Clothing, 191*5-1*9
Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Ton, Cane Sugar R efining, 1939-1*6.
Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Ton in the Manufacture o f
F e r t iliz e r , 1939-1*6.......................................................................................
Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit:
E le c tr ic a l Equipment and Supplies, 1939-19U7 ....................................
Home Radio R eceivers, 1939-1*7 ................................................................
Household E le c tr ic a l Appliances, 1939-1*7 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selected Footwear, 1939-1*5 . .................... ... ....................................... ....
Selected Machine T ools, 1939-19U5 ............................................... ....
Selected Metal Forming Machinery, 1939-1 9h9 • ................................
Selected Types o f Construction Machinery, 1939-191*5 . . . . . .
Selected Types
of In du strial Equipment, 1939-191*5 . . . . . . .
Selected Types
o f Leather, 1939-19U6 . ..............................................
Selected Types
of Luggage, 19U5-19U8 ...... ..................
Selected Types
o f Mining Machinery, 1939-191*9 . . . . . . . . .
Soap and Glycerin Manufacture, 1939-19U7 • . ....................................
Synthetic Rubber and Components, 191*5-191*9 ........................................
Trends in Output and Employment ...........................................................
Trends in Output per Man-Hour and Man-Hours per Unit o f Output —
Manufacturing, 1939-1953 ........................................ ...
1.110,
Trends in Output per Man-Hour in Mining, 1935-1 9k9 . . . . . . . .
Trends in Output per Man-Hour: Selected Nonmanufacturing Indu stries,
1935-1955 ...........................................................................................................
Trends in P roductivity, 1919-191*3 . . . . . . . . . . . .
................
Trends in P roductivity Since the War ................ . . . . . . . . . .
Trends in Size and Production o f the Aggregate Farm E nterprise,
1909-1936 ............................................................................................................
Trends in Technology and Employment . . . . . . . . . . .
.................
Trends in Wage Rates and P roductivity
................ ...
Two in d u s tria l Leaders Look Ahead 20 Years • • . . . . . ................
Tying Labor to Productivity ...........................................................................




7»071
3.081*
9.023
9»02U
1.299
1.076
1.077
7.072
1.281*
l.ll*3
l.ll*l*
1.129
1.161
1.239
1.21*0
1.2l*l
1.181*
1.231
1.232
1.230
1.233
1.185
1.186
1.231*
1.162
1.163
1.026
1*. 081*
1.255
1.027
1.111
U.085
1.075
1.028
8.057
6.051
8.058

- 175
Reference
Number

T it le
U
U. S. A. - 1 9 7 5 ...............................................................................................
U. S. Output Gains Found Decreased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Under-Employment of Rural Families .......................................................
Unemployment and Increasing p rodu ctivity, in Technological Trends
and R ational P olicy ........................................................... .......................
Itiemployment Outlook ...................................................................
Union-Management Cooperation and Productivity ....................................
Unionism and the Marginal Productivity T h e o ry ....................................
Unit Man-Hour Requirements*
Home Radio R eceivers, 1939-19^7 ....................................................
Selected Machine Tools, 1939-19U7 . . . . . . . ........................
Soap Manufacture, 1939-19U7 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Unit Man-Hour Trends, 1939-19U8, Household E le c tr ic a l Appliances*
Unit Man-Hour Trends in Three Machinery Industries * . ................
Up: Output per Man-Unions Say: Raise Wages • • • • * . . • • •
Use, P roductivity and A llocation o f Space Resources in Department
Stores

* • • • • • • • • • • •

..............

. . . . . . . .

Uses o f P roductivity Data in American Manufacturing Establishments

6.052
5.081

7*073
7.07U
7.075
9.025
9.026

1.2U2
1.235
1.161;
1.2l;3
1.236
8.059
11.032

2.023

V
Value produ ctivity and the interindustry Wage Structure . . . . .

8.060

W
Wage Incentive Systems and In d u stria l P roductivity • • • • • • •
Wage increases — E ssential fo r Prosperity • • • . . . ................
Wage Policy in Our Expanding Economy ..........................
Wage - P roductivity Comparisons ....................................................... 8.063,
Wages and Future Economic S ta b ility ........................................................
Wages and Productivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.066,
Wages and Productivity in Glass Tableware industry of
Czechoslovakia and United States
................ .
Wages, Hours, and P roductivity o f In d u stria l Labor
Wages Up or Prices Down ........................................ .................... ...
War and Postwar Trends in Productivity * • . . . . . ....................
Wartime Labor Productivity in Railroad Transportation . . . . . .
Wartime P roductivity Changes in the Airframe Industry . . . . . .
Wartime P roductivity in Mining in du stries ...................................
We Too Can Prosper — The Promise o f Productivity . . . • • . • •
What A lls Productivity? ........................................................................... ...
What Are Present In d u stria l P roductivity Trends? * . . • • • . •
What Does P roductivity Measure?
........................ ....
What is Happening to In d u stria l Productivity?
What i s Happening to Labor Productivity?




9.027
8.061
8.062

8.061;
8.065
8.067
3.085
1.029
8.068
U.086
1.300
1.2U9
3.086
3.087
5.082
2.021;
U.O87
1.112
2.025

-

176
Reference
Number

T it le
W—Continued

What Makes America's in dustry Strong? • • • • • • • . . ....................
What Makes Them Want to Work? ............................................................
What's Behind the New Farm C risis? . . . * . • . . .................... ... .
What's Happening to P roductivity? • * . ................ * ................
1.113,
When Should Wages Be Increased? • • • ........................................................
Where Freedom Begins .......................................................................................
Why and How o f Wage In cen tives, The • * . . . . ....................................
Why Wages Rise ...................................................................................................
W ill to Work More E ffe c tiv e ly * ............................................ ...
W ill to Work, The: The Greatest Resource o f American Industry • .
Winning Workers to Productivity ....................................................................
Work Measurement ...................................
World o f Tomorrow, The: What W ill i t be L i k e ? ....................................
W orld's Output o f Work ..................................................................................

5*083
5*081;
5*085
6*053
8.069
7*076
5.086
8.070
5.087
2*027
5.088
U.088
6.05U
3.088

I
Yardsticks o f P roductivity • * . . . ...............................................
Yardsticks o f Productivity and Use of produ ctivity Concept in
Industry ......................................................................................................




6.055
U.089

APPENDIX C
NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF PERIODICALS CITED IN BIBLIOGRAPHY
Advanced Management
Society for the Advancement of
Management, Inc.
74 Fifth Ave.
New York 11, N. Y.

Aero Digest
515 Madison Ave.
New York 22, N. Y.

AFL-CIO News
815 - 16th St., N. W.
Washington, D. C.

The American Economic Review
American Economics Association
Northwestern University
Evanston, 111.

American Federationist
AFL-CIO Bldg.
815 - 16th St., N. W.
Washington 1, D. C.

American Journal of Sociology
University of Chicago Press
5750 Ellis Ave.
Chicago 37, 111.

American Machinist
330 West 42d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

American Sociological Review
American Sociological Society
New York University
Washington Square
New York 3, N. Y.

The Atlantic
8 Arlington St.
Boston, Mass.

Automobile Manufacturers
Association
366 Madison Ave.,
New York, N. Y.
Automotive and Aviation
Industries
Chilton Company, Inc.
Chestnut & 56th Sts.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Blast Furnace and Steel Plant
Steel Publications, Inc.
330 Grant St.
Pittsburgh 30, Pa.
Boot and Shoe Recorder
Chilton Co., Inc.
Chestnut and 56th Sts.
Philadelphia, Pa.




Business Week
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.,
330 West 42d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

Inc.

Canadian Journal of Economics
and Political Science
273 Bloor Street, West
Toronto 5, Canada

Challenge Magazine
New York University
32 Broadway
New York 4, N. Y.
Chemical Engineering Progress
24 West 45th St.
New York, N. Y.

Chemical and Engineering News
American Chemical Society
1155 Sixteenth St., N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

Coal Age
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
330 West 4 2d St.
New York, N. Y.

Commerce
Chicago Association of Commerce
and Industry
1 North La Salle St.
Chicago 2, 111.

Commercial and Financial
Chronicle
William B. Dana Co.
25 Park Place
New York 7, N. Y.

Conference Board Business Record
National Industrial Conference
Board
460 Park Ave.
New York 17, N. Y.
Dun* s Review and Modern
Industry
The Dun and Bradstreet
Publications Corp.
99 Church St.
New York 8, N. Y.

Economic Journal
St. Martin’s Press Co.
103 Park Ave.
New York 17, N. Y.

Economica
The London School of Economics
and Political Science
Houghton Street
Aldwych, London, W. C. 2
England

Engineering and Mining
Journal
National Press Bldg.
Washington, D. C.

Engineering News Record
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
330 West 42d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

Estadistica
Journal of Inter-American
Statistical Institute
Pan American Union
Washington 6, D. C.

Factory Management &
Maintenance
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
330 West 42d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

Federal Reserve Bulletin
Federal Reserve System
Washington 25, D. C.

Foreign Affairs
Council on Foreign
Relations
58 East 68th St.
New York 21, N. Y.

Fortune
9 Rockefeller Plaza
New York 20, N. Y.
Freeman
Foundation of Economic
Education, Inc.
Irvington-on-Hudson, N. Y.

Econometrica
Econometric Society
The University of Chicago
Chicago 37, Illinois

Harper’s Magazine
Harper & Brothers
49 East 33d St.
New York 16, N. Y.

Economic Digest
Economic Research Council
18 South St.
London, W. 1.
England

Harvard Business Review
Harvard Business School
Association
Soldiers Field
Boston 63, Mass.

- 177 -

-

178

-

APPENDIX C— C o n t i n u e d
Illinois Business Review
College of Commerce
University of Illinois
Urbana, 111.

Impact of Science on Society
United Nations Organization
New York, N. Y.

Industrial & Engineering
Chemistry
1155 Sixteenth St., N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

Industrial and Labor Relations
Review
New York State School of
Industrial and Labor Relations
Cornell University
Ithaca, N. Y.

International Labour Review
Editorial Division Organization
Geneva, Switzerland

The International Shoe and
Leather Weekly
Rumpf Publishing Co.
300 West Adams St.
Chicago, 111.

Journal of the Institute of
Production Engineers
Production Engineering Management
Bramson Publishing Co.
2842 West Grand Boulevard
Detroit 2, Mich.

Journal of Marketing
American Marketing Association
1525 E. 53d St.
Chicago 15, 111.

Journal of Personnel Administra­
tion and Industrial Relations
Personnel Research Publishers
P. 0. Box 662, Benjamin Franklin
Station
Washington, D. C.

Journal of Political Economy
The University of Chicago Press
5750 Ellis Avenue
Chicago 37, 111.

Labor* s Economic Review
American Federation of Labor and
Congress of Industrial
Organizations
AFL-CI0 Building
Washington 6, D. C.

Iowa Business Digest
The Iowa State College
Ames, Iowa

Labor Law Journal
Commercial Clearing House,
214 North Michigan Ave.
Chicago 1, 111.

Iron Age
Chilton Co., Inc.
Chestnut & 56th Sts.
Philadelphia, Pa.

Leather and Shoes
The Rumpf Publishing Co.
300 West Adams St.
Chicago 6, 111.

Journal of the American
Statistical Association
1108 Sixteenth St., N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

Magazine of Wall Street
90 Broad St.
New York, N. Y.

Journal of Applied Psychology
1333 Sixteenth St. N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

Journal of Commerce
80 Varick St.
New York 13, N. Y.

Journal of Farm Economics
American Farm Economic
Association
University of Illinois
Urbana, 111.

Journal of the Institute of
Personnel Management
Management House
Hill Street
London, W. 1,
England




Inc.

Management Record
National Industrial Conference
Board
460 Park Ave.
New York 22, N. Y.

Management Review
American Management Association
330 West 42d St.
New York 4, N. Y.

Mill and Factory
Conover-Nast Publishing Co., Inc.
205 East 42d St.
New York 17, N. Y.

Modern Castings
American Foundrymen* s Society,
Inc.
Golf & Wolf Roads
Des Plaines, 111.

Modern Management
1231 - 24th St., N. W.
Washington, D. C.

Monthly Labor Review
U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington 25, D. C.

Monthly Review
Federal Reserve Bank of
Kansas City
Kansas City 6, Mo.

Nation* s Business
Chamber of Commerce of the
United States
1615
H St. N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

New England Letter
The First National Bank
of Boston
Boston, Mass.

The New Republic
1826 Jefferson Place,
Washington 6, D. C.

N. W.

New York Times
Times Building
229 West 43d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

Newsweek
Newsweek Building
Broadway and 42d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

Occupational Psychology
National Institute of
Industrial Psychology
14 Welbeck St.
London, W. 1^ England

Mechanical Engineering
The American Society of
Mechanical Engineers
20th and Northampton Sts.
Easton, Pa.

Oil and Gas Journal
Albee Bldg.
1426 G. St., N. W.
Washington, D. C.

Metal Finishing
381 Broadway
Westwood, N. J.

Paper Industry
Fritz Publishing Co.,
431 Dearborn St.
Chicago 5, 111.

Inc.

- 179 APPENDIX C— C o n t i n u e d

Review of Economics and
Statistics
Harvard Economic Press
Cambridge, Mass.

Paper Trade Journal
15 Vest 47th St.
New York, N. Y.

Personnel Journal
Personnel Journal,
P. 0. Box 239
Swarthmore, Pa.

Textile Organon
10 East 40th St.
New York 16, N. Y.

Times Review of Industry
London, England
Inc.

Personnel Psychology, Inc.
Mount Royal and Guilfort Aves.
Baltimore 2, Md.

Political Science Quarterly
Columbia University
Fayerweather Hall
Columbia University
New York 27, N. Y.

Productivity Measurement
Review
0. E. E. C. Mission
2000 P St. N. V.
Washington 6, D. C.

Science Monthly
American Association for the
Advancement of Science
1615 Massachusetts Ave., N. W.
Washington 5, D. C.

The Tool Engineer
400 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y.

Scientific American
Scientific American,
2 West 45th St.
New York 36, N. Y.

Trade Journal
American Paper and Pulp
Association
122 East 42d St.
New York, N. Y.

Inc.

Social Science
National Social Science Honor
Society
Pi Gamma Mu
Winfield, Kans.

U. S. News and World Report
30 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, N. Y.

United National Bulletin
United Nations Organization
New York, N. Y.

The Statist
London, England
University of Illinois
Bulletin
Urbana, 111.

Purchasing
205 East 42d St.
New York 17, N. Y.

Steel
Penton Publishing Company
Pent on Building
Cleveland 13, Ohio

Quarterly Journal of
E conom ics
Harvard University Press
44 Francis Avenue
Cambridge, Mass.

Steel ways Publication
150 East 42d St.
New York, N. Y.

Reader*s Digest
The Reader *s Digest
Association, Inc.
Pleasantville, N. Y.

Survey of Current Business
Office of Business Economics
U. S. Department of Commerce
Washington, D. C.




Vital Speeches of the Day
City News Publishing Company
33 West 42d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

Wall Street Journal
1015 - 14th St., N. W.
Washington, D. C.

The Washington Post and Times
Herald
1515
L Street, N. W.
Washington 5, D. C.

APPENDIX D
NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF PUBLISHING ORGANIZATIONS CITED IN BIBLIOGRAPHY
Accounting Research Co.
520 - 5th Avenue
New York, N. Y.

Allen, George, & Urwin,
London, England

Ltd.

American Federation of Labor and
Congress of Industrial
Organizations
815 Sixteenth St., N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

American Iron and Steel
Institute
250 Fifth Avenue
New York 1, N. Y.

American Management
Association
330 West 42d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

American Statistical
Association
1108 Sixteenth St., N. W.
Washington 6, D. d

Dartmouth College
Amos Tuck School of Business
Administration
Hanover, N. H.

The Brookings Institution
722 Jackson St., N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

Econometric Institute,
230 Park Ave.
New York, N. Y.

Bulletin of Business Research
College of Commerce and
Administration
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio

Eddy-Rucker-Nickels Company
Harvard Square
Cambridge 38, Mass.

Bureau of National Affairs,
1231 - 24th St., N. W.
Washington 7, D. C.

Inc.

California Personnel Management
Asso.
Farm Credit Building
2180 Milvia St.
Berkeley 4, Calif.

Chamber of Commerce of the
United States
1615
H St., N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

Chicago Association of Commerce
and Industry
1 North La Salle St.
Chicago, 111.

Chicago Council for
Technological Advancement
120 North Michigan
Chicago, 111.

Inc.

Edison, The Thomas,
Foundation, Inc.
West Orange, N. J.

Editorial Research Report
1205 - 19th St., N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

European Productivity Agency
Organization European Economic
Co-operation
2002
P St., N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

Federal Reserve Bank
Chicago Business Conditions
Box 834
Chicago 90, 111.

First National City Bank
of N. Y.
55 Wall St.
New York 5, N. Y.

Fisher, Rudge & Neblett, Inc.
New York & Los Angeles, Calif.
New York, N. Y.

Anglo-American Council of
Productivity
U. S. Section
2 Park Ave.
New York, N. Y.

Columbia University Press
427 West 117th St.
New York 27, N. Y.

The Annals of the American
Academy of Political and
Social Science
3937 Chestnut St.
Philadelphia 4, Pa.

Committee for Economic
Development
Research and Policy Committee
444 Madison Avenue
New York 22, N. Y.

Funk and Wagnalls Co.
155 East 24th St.
New York, N. Y.

Boot and Shoe Workers’ Union
246 Sumner St.
Boston 10, Mass.

Conference on Economic
Progress
1001 Connecticut Ave., N. W.
Washington 6, D. C.

George Washington University
The Graduate Council
2902
G St., N. W.
Washington, D. C.

Boston Chamber of Commerce
Retail Trade Board
Boston, Mass.

Cornell University Press
Ithaca, N. Y.

Greenberg Publisher
201 East 57th St.
New York 22, N. Y.

British Board of Trade
H. M. Stationery Office
London, England

British Boot, Shoe, and Allied
Trades Research Association
Satra House, Rockingham Road
Kettering, Northants
England




Council for Technological
Advancement
Ring Building
1200 - 18th Street
Washington 5, D. C.

Downs Printing Co,,
43
East 60th St.
New York, N. Y.

180

Fordham University Press
302 Broadway
New York, N. Y.

Guaranty Trust Company of
New York
Guaranty Survey
140 Broadway
New York 15, N. Y.

Inc.
Harvard University Press
Cambridge, Mass.

-

APPEN D IX

181

-

P— C o n t i n u e d

Illinois Institute of Technology
3300 South Federal St.
Chicago, 111.

Kings Crown Press
2960 Broadway
New York 27, N. Y.

Indiana University
Bloomington, Ind.

Knopf, Alfred A., Inc.
501 Madison Ave.
New York 22, N. Y.

Industrial Health Research Board
H. M. Stationery Office
London, England

Industrial Materials Handling
and Packaging Conference
Milwaukee, Wis.

Industrial Relations Counselors,
Inc.
Rockefeller Center
1270 Avenue of the Americas
New York 20, N. Y.

Institute of Life Insurance
488 Madison Avenue
New York 22, N. Y.

Institute of Personnel
Management
Management House
Hill St.
London, ¥. 1, England

Investment Bankers’ Association
Hollywood, Fla.

Iowa State College
Ames, Iowa

International Cooperation
Administration
Rochambeau Bldg.
815 Connecticut Ave., N. W.
Washington, D. C.

National Planning
Association
1606 New Hampshire Ave.,
Washington, D. C.

National Research Council
2101 Constitution Ave., N. W.
Washington 25, D. C.

London Board of Trade
House Guards Ave.
Whitehall, London, S. W. 1
England

McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.,
330 West 42d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

National Shoe Manufacturers
Association, Inc.
342 Madison Ave.
New York 17, N. Y.
Inc.

Macmillan Co.
60 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y.

Machinery and Allied Products
Institute
1200 Eighteenth St., N. W.
Washington, D. C.

Manchester Guardian Annual
Survey of Industry
53 East 51st St.
New York, N. Y.

Massachusetts Institute of
Techno’logy
Cambridge, Mass.

Johns Hopkins University
Homewood-Charles & 34th Sts.
Baltimore, Md.

Joint Committee on the Economic
Report
Congress of the United States
Washington 25, D. C.

Kentucky Agricultural
Experimental Station
Lexington, Ky.




New York University Press
Washington Square
New York 3, N. Y.

The Newcomen Society of North
America
RFD 2
West Chester, Pa.

Northwestern University
Evanston, 111.

Norton, W. W., Co.,
101 Fifth Avenue
New York 3, N. Y.

Inc.

Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio

Opinion Research Corporation
Princeton, N. J.
National Association of Cost
Accountants
505 Park Ave.
New York 22, N. Y.

National Association of
Manufacturers
2 East 48th St.
New York 17, N. Y.

International Labour Offices
Geneva, Switzerland

Irwin, Richard D., Inc.
1818 Ridge Road
Homewood, 111.

N. W.

National Bureau of Economic
Research, Inc.
261 Madison Ave.
New York 16, N. Y.

National City Bank of New York
55 Wall St.
New York, N. Y.

National Conference of Social
Work Proceedings
345 East 46th St.
New York, N. Y.

National
Board,
460 Park
New York

Industrial Conference
Inc.
Ave.
17, N. Y.

Oregon State College
Agriculture Experiment
Station
Corvallis, Oreg.

Oxford University
Basil Blackwell & Mott, Ltd.
Broad St.
Oxford, England

Pack, The Charles Lathrop,
Forestry Foundation
1214 - 16th St., N. W.
Washington, D. C.

Pitman Isaac
Pitman Publishing Corp.
2 West 45th St.
New York 36, N. Y.

Prentice-Hall, Inc.
70 Fifth Ave.
New York 11, N. Y.

Princeton University Press
Princeton, N. J.

-

182

-

APPENDIX D— C o n t i n u e d
The Public Affairs Institute
312 Pennsylvania Ave., S. E.
Washington, D. C.

Trade Union Congress
Smith Square
London, S. W. 1. , England

University of Connecticut
Labor Management Institute
Storrs, Conn.

Purdue University
Layfayette, Ind.

Twentieth Century Fund
330 West 42d St.
New York 36, N. Y.

University of Illinois
Urbana, 111.

Raymond, Albert & Associates
Inc.
Chrysler Building
New York 17, N. Y.

U. S. Department of
Agriculture
Washington 25, D. C.

U. S. Department of Commerce
Washington 25, D. C.

The Ronald Press
15 East 26th St.
New York 10, N. Y.

U.

Row, Peterson and Company
1911 Ridge Ave.
Evanston, 111.

S. Department of Health,
Education, and Welfare
Division of Vocational
Education
Washington 25, D. C.

Rutgers University
New Brunswick, N. J.

U.

Rutledge and Kegan Paul,
Broadway House
68-74 Carter Lane
London, England

Ltd.

Social Research
270 Park Avenue
New York, N. Y.

Southern Coal Producers
Association
Southern Building
Washington, D. C.

Southern Economic Association
University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill, N. C.

Southern Illinois University
Lewis A. Maverick
Carbondale, 111.

Stanford University Research
Institute
Menlo Park
Stanford, Calif.

S. Department of the
Interior
Bureau of Mines
Washington 25, D. C.

U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington 25, D. C.

U. S. Government Printing
Office
Superintendent of Documents
Washington 25, D. C.

U. S. Social Security Board
Social Security Administration
Washington 25, D. C.

United Automobile Workers Union
of America
C. I. 0. - Research and
Engineering Dept. Library
Solidarity House
Detroit, Mich.

United Nations Organization
Department of Economic Affairs
New York, N. Y.

State University of Iowa
Iowa City, Iowa

United Steel Workers of America
1500 Commonwealth Bldg.
Pittsburgh 22, Pa.

The Statist
51 Cannon St., FC 4
London, E. C. 4
England

University of California
Institute of Industrial
Relations
Berkeley 4, Calif.

Textile Workers Union of America
99 University Place
New York 3, N. Y.

University of Chicago
5750 Ellis Ave.
Chicago 37, 111.




University of Michigan
Bureau of Industrial Relations
Ann Arbor, Mich.

University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, Minn.

University of Montreal
Montreal, Canada

University of North Carolina
P. 0. Box 1289
Chapel Hill, N. C.

University of Pennsylvania
Press
Wharton School of Finance and
Commerce
Philadelphia, Pa.

University of Pittsburgh Press
Institute of Business and
Economic Problems
Pittsburgh, Pa.

University of Southern
Californi a
Los Angeles, Calif.

University of Wisconsin
Industrial Relations Center
Milwaukee, Wis.

The Viking Press, Inc.
18 East 48th St.
New York 17, N. Y.

Western Electric Co., Inc.
1111 North Capital St.
Washington, D. C.

Wiley, John & Sons,
440 Fourth Ave.
New York 16, N. Y.

Inc.

Yale University Press
New Haven 7, Conn.

U. S. GOVERNM ENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1958 0 — 449752