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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, May 11, 2023 Technical information: (202) 691-7705 • ppi-info@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ppi Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov USDL 23-0944 PRODUCER PRICE INDEXES – APRIL 2023 The Producer Price Index for final demand advanced 0.2 percent in April, seasonally adjusted, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Final demand prices fell 0.4 percent in March and were unchanged in February. (See table A.) On an unadjusted basis, the index for final demand moved up 2.3 percent for the 12 months ended in April. In April, 80 percent of the rise in the index for final demand is attributable to a 0.3-percent increase in prices for final demand services. The index for final demand goods advanced 0.2 percent. Prices for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services rose 0.2 percent in April after inching up 0.1 percent in March. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services increased 3.4 percent. Chart 1. One-month percent changes in selected PPI final demand price indexes, seasonally adjusted Percent change 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 Apr'22 May June July Aug Final demand Sep Oct Nov Dec Final demand goods Jan Feb Mar Apr'23 Final demand services Chart 2. Twelve-month percent changes in selected PPI final demand price indexes, not seasonally adjusted Percent change 18.0 15.0 12.0 9.0 6.0 3.0 0.0 Apr'22 May June July Final demand Aug Sep Oct Nov Final demand goods Dec Jan Feb Final demand services Mar Apr'23 Final Demand Final demand services: Prices for final demand services moved up 0.3 percent in April, the largest increase since a 0.4-percent rise in November 2022. Leading the advance in April, the index for final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing climbed 0.4 percent. Margins for final demand trade services increased 0.5 percent. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.) In contrast, the index for final demand transportation and warehousing services decreased 1.7 percent. Product detail: Over one-third of the April advance in the index for final demand services can be traced to a 4.1-percent rise in prices for portfolio management. The indexes for food and alcohol wholesaling, outpatient care (partial), loan services (partial), hospital inpatient care, and guestroom rental also moved higher. Conversely, prices for long-distance motor carrying declined 2.3 percent. The indexes for food retailing and for securities brokerage, dealing, and investment advice also fell. (See table 2.) Final demand goods: Prices for final demand goods increased 0.2 percent in April after falling 1.0 percent in March. Leading the advance, the index for final demand energy rose 0.8 percent. Prices for final demand goods less foods and energy moved up 0.2 percent. In contrast, the index for final demand foods decreased 0.5 percent. Product detail: An 8.4-percent advance in prices for gasoline was a major factor in the April increase in the index for final demand goods. Prices for fresh and dry vegetables, carbon steel scrap, plastic resins and materials, aircraft and aircraft equipment, and fluid power equipment also moved higher. Conversely, the index for chicken eggs dropped 37.9 percent. Prices for jet fuel and for light motor trucks also declined. 2 Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Within intermediate demand in April, the index for processed goods declined 0.4 percent, prices for unprocessed goods rose 1.7 percent, and the index for services advanced 0.7 percent. (See tables B and C.) Processed goods for intermediate demand: Prices for processed goods for intermediate demand decreased 0.4 percent in April after moving down 0.9 percent in March. Leading the April decline, the index for processed energy goods dropped 2.3 percent. Prices for processed foods and feeds fell 1.2 percent. In contrast, the index for processed materials less foods and energy increased 0.3 percent. For the 12 months ended in April, prices for processed goods for intermediate demand decreased 3.2 percent, the largest 12month decline since falling 3.7 percent in July 2020. Product detail: Over half of the April decrease in prices for processed goods for intermediate demand can be traced to a 4.1-percent decline in the index for diesel fuel. Prices for jet fuel, utility natural gas, meats, fats and oils, and nitrogenates also fell. Conversely, the index for plastic resins and materials rose 2.9 percent. Prices for gasoline and for cold rolled steel sheet and strip also advanced. Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand: The index for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand increased 1.7 percent in April, the largest advance since moving up 4.8 percent in August 2022. A major factor in the April rise was a 5.2-percent jump in prices for unprocessed energy materials. The index for unprocessed nonfood materials less energy moved up 1.8 percent. In contrast, prices for unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs decreased 1.4 percent. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand fell 19.2 percent, the largest 12-month decline since dropping 20.1 percent in May 2020. Product detail: Leading the April advance in prices for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand, the index for crude petroleum rose 14.2 percent. Prices for slaughter steers and heifers, corn, carbon steel scrap, fresh and dry vegetables, and coal also increased. Conversely, the index for ungraded chicken eggs dropped 40.7 percent. Prices for natural gas and for aluminum base scrap also fell. 3 Services for intermediate demand: The index for services for intermediate demand rose 0.7 percent in April after declining 0.2 percent in March. More than three-quarters of the increase can be attributed to a 0.8percent advance in prices for services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand. Margins for trade services for intermediate demand moved up 1.5 percent. In contrast, the index for transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand decreased 0.8 percent. For the 12 months ended in April, prices for services for intermediate demand increased 4.5 percent. Product detail: More than 20 percent of the April advance in the index for services for intermediate demand can be traced to a 2.4-percent rise in prices for nonresidential real estate rents. The indexes for food and alcohol wholesaling, loan services (partial), staffing services, portfolio management, and services related to securities brokerage and dealing (partial) also moved higher. Conversely, prices for long-distance motor carrying fell 2.3 percent. The indexes for securities brokerage, dealing, and investment advice and for hardware, building materials, and supplies retailing also declined. Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Stage 4 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 4 intermediate demand moved up 0.4 percent in April after declining 0.2 percent in March. In April, the index for total services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand advanced 0.9 percent. In contrast, prices for total goods inputs edged down 0.1 percent. Increases in the indexes for nonresidential real estate rents, portfolio management, food and alcohol wholesaling, gasoline, services related to securities brokerage and dealing (partial), and loan services (partial) outweighed falling prices for meats; securities brokerage, dealing, and investment advice; and diesel fuel. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for stage 4 intermediate demand rose 2.9 percent. 4 Stage 3 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 3 intermediate demand edged down 0.1 percent in April after falling 0.5 percent in March. In April, the index for total goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand decreased 1.0 percent. Conversely, prices for total services inputs advanced 0.7 percent. Declines in the indexes for ungraded chicken eggs, jet fuel, diesel fuel, slaughter hogs, and arrangement of freight and cargo transportation outweighed rising prices for television advertising time sales, slaughter cattle, staffing services, and plastic resins and materials. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for stage 3 intermediate demand moved down 3.6 percent, the largest 12-month decrease since falling 3.6 percent in August 2020. Stage 2 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 2 intermediate demand increased 1.2 percent in April, the largest advance since climbing 3.0 percent in August 2022. The indexes for total goods inputs and for total services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand both moved higher, 1.8 percent and 0.7 percent, respectively. Increases in the indexes for crude petroleum, loan services (partial), food and alcohol wholesaling, staffing services, carbon steel scrap, and janitorial services outweighed declines in prices for gas fuels, arrangement of freight and cargo transportation, and prepared animal feeds. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for stage 2 intermediate demand fell 5.1 percent, the largest 12-month decrease since dropping 5.3 percent in July 2020. Stage 1 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 1 intermediate demand were unchanged in April following two consecutive decreases. In April, a 0.5-percent increase in the index for total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand offset a 0.5-percent decline in prices for total goods inputs. Advances in the indexes for nonresidential real estate rents, services related to securities brokerage and dealing (partial), gasoline, fluid power equipment, and portfolio management offset falling prices for diesel fuel; utility natural gas; securities, brokerage, dealing, and investment advice; transportation of passengers (partial); and nitrogenates. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for stage 1 intermediate demand decreased 0.8 percent, the first 12-month decline since moving down 0.6 percent in October 2020. ________________ The Producer Price Index for May 2023 is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, June 14, 2023, at 8:30 a.m. (ET). 5 Technical Note from the Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the U.S. In many cases, the same commodity is purchased by different types of buyers. As a result, commodities are often included in several FD-ID indexes. For example, regular gasoline is purchased for personal consumption, export, government use, and business use. The PPI program publishes only one commodity index for regular gasoline (wpu057104), reflecting sales to all types of buyers, and this index is used in all aggregations regardless of whether the gasoline is sold for personal consumption, as an export, to government, or to businesses. Proportions based on BEA “Use of Commodities” data are used to allocate the correct portion of the total weight of gasoline to each use category. In cases when buyer type is an important price determining characteristic, indexes are created based on specific buyer type. For example, within the PPI category for loan services, separate indexes for consumer loans and business loans were constructed. For more information relating to the FD-ID structure, see “A new, experimental system of indexes from the PPI program” in the February 2011 Monthly Labor Review. Brief Explanation of Producer Price Indexes The Producer Price Index (PPI) of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is a family of indexes that measures the average change over time in prices received (price changes) by producers for domestically produced goods, services, and construction. PPIs measure price change from the perspective of the seller. This contrasts with other measures, such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI). CPIs measure price change from the purchaser’s perspective. More than 10,000 PPIs for individual products and groups of products are released each month. PPIs are available for the products of virtually every industry in the mining and manufacturing sectors. Over time, new PPIs have been introduced for products of industries in the services and construction sectors of the U.S. economy. As of January 2023, the PPI covered 69 percent of services as measured by 2017 Census revenue, and 17 percent of construction. More than 64,000 price quotations per month are organized into three sets of PPIs: (1) Final demandIntermediate demand (FD-ID) indexes, (2) commodity indexes, and (3) indexes for the net output of industries and their products. The FD-ID structure organizes products by class of buyer and degree of fabrication as well as by stage of production. The commodity structure organizes products by similarity of end use or product type. The entire output of various industries is sampled to derive price indexes for the net output of industries and their products. Final Demand: The final demand portion of the FD-ID structure measures price change for commodities sold for personal consumption, capital investment, government, and export. The system is composed of six main price indexes: final demand goods; final demand trade services; final demand transportation and warehousing services; final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing; final demand construction; and overall final demand. The final demand goods index measures price change for both unprocessed and processed goods sold to final demand. Fresh fruits sold to consumers and computers sold for capital investment are examples of transactions included in the final demand goods price index. The final demand trade services index measures price change for the retailing and wholesaling of merchandise sold to final demand, generally without transformation. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.) The final demand transportation and warehousing services index tracks price change for transportation of passengers, as well as, transportation of cargo sold to final demand, and also includes prices for warehousing and storage of goods sold to final demand. The final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index measures price change for all services other than trade and transportation sold to final demand. Publishing, banking, lodging, and health care are examples of these services. The final demand construction index tracks price change for new construction, as well as maintenance and repair construction sold to final demand. Construction of office buildings is an example of a commodity that would be included in the final demand construction index. Lastly, the overall final demand index tracks price change for all types of commodities sold to final demand by combining the five final demand component indexes described above. Final Demand–Intermediate Demand Indexes The PPI FD-ID structure measures price change for goods, services, and construction sold to final demand and to intermediate demand. The FD-ID system replaced the PPI stage-of-processing (SOP) system as PPI’s primary aggregation model with the release of data for January 2014. The FD-ID model expands coverage beyond that of the SOP system through the addition of services, construction, exports, and government purchases. Compared with finished goods under the SOP system, the PPI for final demand goods includes nearly a 50 percent expansion of coverage. This increase can be traced to the addition of government purchases and exports. For overall final demand, expansion to include final demand services represents an even larger increase in coverage. In December 2022, final demand goods were about 30.7 percent of overall final demand, final demand services were roughly 66.6 percent, and final demand construction was about 2.7 percent of final demand. Within intermediate demand, coverage of services for intermediate demand resulted in about a 45 percent increase in coverage of the intermediate demand portion of the economy. FD-ID indexes are constructed from commodity-based producer output price indexes. Commodities are allocated to aggregate indexes primarily based on the type of buyer. The main source of data used to determine the type of buyer is the “Use of commodities by industries, before redefinition,” table Intermediate Demand: The intermediate demand portion of the FD-ID system tracks price change for goods, services, and construction products sold to businesses as inputs to 6 intermediate demand index, for example, tracks price change for inputs consumed, but not produced, by industries included in the fourth stage of production. Hence, the index tracks price change in inputs to industries that primarily produce final demand commodities (stage 4 producers primarily produce commodities sold to final demand). Examples of heavily weighted goods-producing industries in stage 4 include the manufacture of light trucks and utility vehicles, automobiles, and pharmaceuticals. Retail trade, food service and drinking places, and hospitals are examples of heavily weighted service industries included in stage 4. Stage 4 also includes all new construction industries. Examples of goods consumed by stage 4 industries include motor vehicle parts, commercial electric power, plastic construction products, biological products, and beef and veal. Engineering services, machinery and equipment wholesaling, long distance motor carrying, and legal services constitute examples of services consumed by stage 4 industries. Examples of highly weighted goods-producing industries included in stage 3 are motor vehicle parts manufacturing, animal (except poultry) slaughtering and processing, and semiconductor manufacturing. Services industries classified in stage 3 include wholesale trade; insurance carriers; architecture, engineering, and related services; and hotels and motels. Examples of goods consumed by stage 3 industries include slaughter steers and heifers, industrial electric power, and hot rolled steel bars, plates, and structural shapes. Services commonly consumed by stage 3 industries include commissions from sales of property and casualty insurance, business loans, temporary help services, and administrative and general management consulting services. Petroleum refineries; electricity generation, transmission, and distribution; natural gas distribution; cattle ranching and farming; and plastic materials and resin manufacturing are among the goods-based industries assigned to stage 2. Services industries that are heavily weighted in stage 2 include management of companies and enterprises; non-depository credit intermediation; insurance agencies and brokerages; and services to buildings and dwellings. Goods commonly purchased by stage 2 industries include crude oil, natural gas, formula feeds, and primary basic organic chemicals. Services that are heavily weighted in the intermediate demand stage 2 index are legal services, business loans, and cellular phone and other wireless telecommunication. Goods producing industries in stage 1 include oil and gas extraction, paper mills, and grain farming. Real estate, legal services, and advertising services are examples of highly weighted services industries included in stage 1. Examples of goods consumed by stage 1 industries are commercial and industrial electric power and gasoline. Services commonly consumed by stage 1 industries include solid waste collection, chemicals and allied products wholesaling, and guestroom or unit rental. It should be noted that all inputs purchased by stage 1 industries are by definition produced either within stage 1 or by latter stages of processing, leaving stage 1 less useful for price transmission analysis. For additional information on industry stage assignments, see www.bls.gov/ppi/fd-id/ppi-intermediate-demand-byproduction-flow-industry-stage-assignments.htm. production, excluding capital investment. The system includes two parallel treatments of intermediate demand. The first treatment organizes intermediate demand commodities by type. The second organizes intermediate demand commodities into production stages, with the explicit goal of developing a forward-flow model of production and price change. The intermediate demand by commodity type portion of the system organizes commodities by similarity of product. The system is composed of six main price indexes: unprocessed goods for intermediate demand; processed goods for intermediate demand; intermediate demand trade services; intermediate demand transportation and warehousing services; intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing; and intermediate demand construction. The unprocessed goods for intermediate demand price index measures price change for goods sold to businesses as inputs to production that have undergone no fabrication. Crude petroleum sold to refineries is an example of an unprocessed good sold to intermediate demand. The processed goods for intermediate demand index tracks price change for fabricated goods sold as business inputs. Examples include car parts sold to car manufacturers and gasoline sold to trucking companies. The index for trade services for intermediate demand measures price change for the services of retailing and wholesaling goods purchased by businesses as inputs to production. The intermediate demand transportation and warehousing services index measures price change for business travel, as well as, transportation and warehousing of cargo sold to intermediate demand. The intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index measures price change for services other than trade, transportation, and warehousing sold as inputs to production. Legal and accounting services purchased by businesses are examples of intermediate demand services excluding trade, transportation, and warehousing. Finally, the construction for intermediate demand index measures price change for construction purchased by firms as inputs to production. The index for construction for intermediate demand tracks price change for maintenance and repair construction purchased by firms. The production flow treatment of intermediate demand is a stage-based system of price indexes. These indexes can be used to study price transmission across stages of production and final demand. This system is constructed in a manner that maximizes forward flow of production between stages, while minimizing back-flow of production. The production flow treatment contains four main indexes: intermediate demand stage 1, intermediate demand stage 2, intermediate demand stage 3, and intermediate demand stage 4. Indexes for the four stages were developed by first assigning each industry in the economy to one of four stages of production, where industries assigned to the fourth stage primarily produce output consumed as final demand, industries in the third stage primarily produce output consumed by stage 4 industries, industries assigned to the second stage primarily produce output consumed by stage 3 industries, and industries assigned to the first stage produce output primarily consumed by stage 2 industries. The four indexes then track prices for the net inputs consumed by industries in each of the four stages of production. The stage 4 7 Comparing the PPI with CPI addition, most industries have secondary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments for products chiefly made in some other industry. Some industries have miscellaneous receipts indexes that track price changes for other sources of revenue received by establishments within the industry that are not derived from sales of their products; for example, resales of purchased materials, or revenues from parking lots owned by a manufacturing plant. Although some data users utilize the PPI as a potential indicator of the Consumer Price Index (CPI), there are many reasons why the PPI and the CPI may diverge. The scope of the personal consumption portion of the PPI includes all marketable output sold by domestic producers for households. The scope of the CPI includes goods and services provided by business or government, where explicit user charges are paid by consumers. For example, the most heavily weighted item in the CPI, owners’ equivalent rent, is excluded from the PPI. The scope of the CPI includes imports. The PPI excludes imports. The CPI only includes components of personal consumption directly paid for by the consumers, while the PPI includes components of personal consumption that may not be paid for by consumers. For example, the PPI includes medical services paid for by third parties. In contrast to CPI, PPI does not completely cover services. PPIs exclude taxes, since they do not represent producer revenue. Conversely, sales and other taxes paid by consumers are part of household expenditure and are included in the CPI. Additional technical differences between PPI and CPI also exist. For more information see “Comparing new final demand producer price indexes with other Government price indexes,” Monthly Labor Review, January 2014, at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/. Data Collection PPIs are constructed using selling prices reported by establishments of all sizes, selected by probability sampling, with the probability of selection proportionate to size. Individual items and transaction terms also are chosen by probability proportionate to size. BLS strongly encourages cooperating companies to supply actual transaction prices at the time of shipment to minimize the use of list prices. Prices submitted by survey respondents are effective on the Tuesday of the week containing the 13th day of the month. The survey is conducted online via the BLS Internet Data Collection Facility (IDCF). Data provided by survey respondents are supplemented with data from other sources for some areas. Price data are provided by survey respondents on a voluntary and confidential basis; only sworn BLS employees are allowed access to individual company price reports. BLS publishes price indexes, not actual prices. All PPIs are subject to monthly revisions up to 4 months after original publication to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents. BLS periodically updates the PPI sample of survey respondents to better reflect current conditions when the structure, membership, technology, or product mix of an industry shifts significantly and to spread reporting burden among smaller firms. Information on these resampling efforts are noted in the PPI News Release and PPI Detailed Report in the months they occur. As part of an ongoing effort to expand coverage to sectors of the economy other than mining and manufacturing, an increasing number of service and construction sector industries have been introduced into the PPI. The following list of industries introduced since the mid-1990s includes the month and year in which an article describing the industry’s content appeared in the PPI Detailed Report. Commodity Indexes The commodity classification of the PPI organizes goods, services, and construction by similarity of product or end use, disregarding industry of origin. With the release of data for July 2009, PPI expanded its commodity structure to include indexes for services and construction products. Prior to this date, the PPI commodity structure only included products from goods producing sectors. Table 9 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data for commodity indexes, organized in a hierarchal structure, including major groupings, subgroups, product classes, sub-product classes, and individual items. Industry Net-Output Price Indexes PPIs for the net output of industries and their products are grouped according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Prior to the release of January 2004, industry-based PPIs were published according to the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Industry price indexes are compatible with other economic time series organized by industry, such as data on employment, wages, and productivity. Table 11 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data for NAICS industries and industry groups (3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-digit codes), Census product classes (7- and 8-digit codes), products (9-digit codes), more detailed sub-products (11-digit codes), and, for some industries, indexes for other sources of revenue. Indexes may represent one of three kinds of product categories. Every industry has primary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments classified in the industry for products made primarily, but not necessarily exclusively, by that industry. The industry classification of an establishment is determined by which products make up a plurality of its total shipment value. In Service and construction sector industries introduced into the Producer Price Index, by SIC or NAICS code at their date of introduction and the PPI Detailed Report issue that announces their introduction PPI Detailed Title Code Report Issue SIC 8 Wireless telecommunications …………. 4812 July 1999 Telephone communications, except radio telephone …………………………. Television broadcasting ……………….. 4813 4833 July 1995 July 2002 Grocery stores ………………………….. 5411 July 2000 Meat and fish (seafood) markets ……... 5421 July 2000 Fruit and vegetable markets …………... 5431 July 2000 Candy, nut, and confectionery stores … 5441 July 2000 Title Code PPI Detailed Report Issue Title Code SIC PPI Detailed Report Issue NAICS Retail bakeries ………………………….. 5461 July 2000 Miscellaneous food stores …………….. 5499 July 2000 July 2000 Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing ……………………………………. Management consulting services ……... New car dealers ………………………… 5511 532412 541610 January 2005 January 2007 Gasoline service stations ……………… Boat dealers …………………………….. 5541 January 2002 Security guards and patrol services …... 561612 July 2005 5551 January 2002 Offices of dentists ……………………….. 621210 January 2011 Recreational vehicle dealers ………….. 5561 January 2002 Blood and organ banks ………………… 621991 January 2007 Miscellaneous retail ……………………. 59 January 2001 Amusement and theme parks …………. 713110 July 2006 Golf courses and country clubs ……….. 713910 July 2006 Fitness and recreational sports centers . 713940 July 2005 Commercial machinery repair and maintenance……………………………... 811310 July 2007 Security brokers, dealers, and investment bankers …………………….. Investment advice ……………………… 6211 6282 January 2001 January 2003 Life insurance carriers …………………. 6311 January 1999 Property and casualty insurance ……… 6331 July 1998 Insurance agencies and brokerages …. 6412 January 2003 Operators and lessors of nonresidential buildings …………………………………. Real estate agents and managers ……. 6512 6531 January 1996 January 1996 Prepackaged software …………………. 7372 January 1998 Data processing services ……………… 7374 January 2002 Home health care services ……………. 8082 January 1997 Legal services …………………………... 8111 January 1997 8711 January 1997 8712 January 1997 9331 July 1998 Engineering design, analysis, and consulting services …………………….. Architectural design, analysis, and consulting services ……………………... Premiums for property and casualty insurance ………………………………... Weights Weights for most commodity groupings of the PPI, as well as, weights for commodity-based aggregate indexes calculated from commodity groupings, such as FD-ID indexes, currently reflect 2017 values of shipments as reported in the Census of Manufactures and other sources. From January 2018 to December 2022, PPI weights were derived from 2012 shipment values. Industry indexes now are calculated under the 2022 NAICS structure utilizing 2017 value of shipment weights and 2012 net output ratios. The periodic update of the value weights used to calculate the PPI is done to more accurately reflect changes in production and marketing patterns in the economy. Net output values of shipments are used as weights for industry indexes. Net output values refer to the value of shipments from establishments within the industry to buyers outside the industry. However, weights for commodity indexes are based on gross shipment values, including values of shipments between establishments within the same industry. As a result, broad commodity grouping indexes, such as the PPI for All Commodities (which is composed of major commodity groupings 01 through 15), are affected by the multiple counting of price change at successive stages of processing, which can lead to exaggerated or misleading signals about inflation. The intermediate demand by commodity type FD-ID indexes partially correct for this defect, but industry indexes, final demand FD-ID indexes, and intermediate demand by production flow FD-ID indexes consistently correct for this at all levels of aggregation. Therefore, industry and FD-ID indexes are more appropriate than broad commodity groupings for analysis of general price trends. NAICS New Industrial building construction ….. 236211 January 2008 New warehouse building construction .. 236221 July 2005 New school construction ………………. 236222 July 2006 New office construction ………………... 236223 January 2007 New health care building construction... 236224 January 2013 23811X July 2008 23816X July 2008 Concrete contractors, nonresidential building work ……………………………. Roofing contractors, nonresidential building work ……………………………. Electrical contractors, nonresidential building work ……………………………. Plumbing / HVAC contractors, nonresidential building work ..…………. Merchant wholesalers, durable goods .. 23821X July 2008 23822X 423 July 2008 July 2005 Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods …………………………………….. Electronics and appliance stores ……... 424 443 July 2005 January 2004 444 January 2004 451 452 January 2004 January 2004 Miscellaneous store retailers ………….. 453 January 2004 Pipeline transportation of natural gas…. 486210 June 2022 Internet service providers ………………. 518111 July 2005 Internet publishing and web search portals ………………..…………………... Commercial banking ……………………. 519130 522110 January 2010 January 2005 Savings institutions ……………………... 522120 January 2005 Direct health and medical insurance carriers …………………………………… 524114 July 2004 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers…………………….. Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores ……………………………... General merchandise stores ………….. Price Index Reference Base Effective with publication of January 1988 data, many important PPI series (including most commodity groups and individual items) were placed on a new reference base, 1982 = 100. From 1971 through 1987, the standard reference base for most PPI series was 1967 = 100. Except for rounding differences, the shift to the new reference base did not alter any previously published percent changes for affected PPI series. (See “Calculating Index Changes,” below.) The 1982 9 that are generally cited when escalating long-term contracts such as purchasing agreements or real estate leases. For more information, see Price Adjustment Guide for Contracting Parties, on the Web at: www.bls.gov/ppi/publications/priceadjustment-guide-for-contracting-parties.htm. Seasonal adjustment is accomplished using X-13 ARIMA, a software package published by the U.S. Census Bureau. Each year, the seasonal status of most commodity indexes is reevaluated to reflect more recent price behavior. Industry net output indexes are not seasonally adjusted. For time series that exhibit seasonal pricing patterns, new seasonal factors are estimated and applied to the unadjusted data from the prior 5 years. Updated seasonally adjusted indexes replace the most recent 5 years of seasonal data. Seasonal factors may be applied to series using either a direct or an aggregative method. Generally, commodity indexes are seasonally adjusted using direct seasonal adjustment, which produces a more complete elimination of seasonal movements than does the aggregative method. However, the direct seasonal adjustment process may not yield figures that possess additive consistency. Thus, a seasonally adjusted index for a broad category that is directly adjusted may not be logically consistent with all seasonally adjusted indexes for its components. Seasonal movements for FD-ID indexes are derived indirectly through an aggregative method that combines movements of a wide variety of subproduct class (six-digit) series. Seasonally adjusted indexes can become problematic when previously stable and predictable price patterns abruptly change. If the new pattern persists, the seasonal adjustment method will eventually reflect it; if the pattern keeps shifting, however, seasonally adjusted data will become chronically troublesome. This problem occurs relatively infrequently for farm and food-related products, but has more often affected manufactured products such as automobiles and steel. Since January 1988, the PPI has used Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment methods to enhance the calculation of seasonal factors. With this technique, outlier values that may distort the seasonal pattern are removed from the data prior to applying the standard seasonal factor estimation procedure. For example, a possible economic cause for large price movements for petroleum-based products might have been the COVID-19 pandemic. In this case, intervention techniques allowed for better estimates of seasonally adjusted data. On the whole, very few series have required intervention. Out of over 400 seasonally adjusted commodity series, 69 were subject to intervention in 2023. For more information relating to seasonal adjustment methods, see “PPI and CPI Seasonal Adjustment: an Update” in the July 2010 Monthly Labor Review, and “PPI and CPI Seasonal Adjustment During the COVID-19 Pandemic” in the May 2022 Monthly Labor Review. reference base is not used for commodity indexes with a base later than December 1981 or for industry net output indexes and their products. The FD-ID indexes typically have a reference base of November 2009 = 100. For further information on the underlying concepts and methodology of the Producer Price Index, see chapter 14, “Producer Prices,” in the BLS Handbook of Methods. This chapter can be downloaded from the BLS Web site at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch14.htm. Calculating Index Changes Each PPI measures price changes from a reference period that equals 100.0. An increase of 5.5 percent from the reference period in the Final Demand Goods Price Index, for example, is shown as 105.5. This change also can be expressed in dollars, as follows: prices received by domestic producers of a sample of final demand goods have risen from $100 in November 2009 to $105.50. Likewise, a current index of 90.0 would indicate that prices received by producers of final demand goods are 10 percent lower than they were in November 2009. Movements of price indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent changes, rather than as changes in index points. Index point changes are affected by the level of the index in relation to its base period, whereas percent changes are not. The following example shows the computation of index point and percent changes. Index point change Final Demand Goods Price Index 107.5 Less previous index 104.0 Equals index point change 3.5 Index percent change Index point change 3.5 Divided by the previous index 104.0 Equals 0.034 Result multiplied by 100 0.034 x 100 Equals percent change 3.4 Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data Because price data are used for different purposes by different groups, BLS publishes seasonally adjusted and unadjusted changes each month. Seasonally adjusted data are preferred for analyzing general price trends in the economy because these data eliminate the effect of changes that normally occur at about the same time, and in about the same magnitude, every year—such as price movements resulting from normal weather patterns, regular production and marketing cycles, model changeovers, seasonal discounts, and holidays. For these reasons, seasonally adjusted data more clearly reveal underlying trends. Unadjusted data are of primary interest to users who need information that can be related to actual dollar values of transactions. Individuals requiring this information include marketing specialists, purchasing agents, budget and cost analysts, contract specialists, and commodity traders. It is the unadjusted data Producer Price Index Data on the Internet In 1995, the BLS began posting PPI series, news releases, and technical information to the internet. There were more than 13 million instances of PPI data being downloaded from the BLS website during 2022. 10 Commodity code wps141101 wpu141101 Retrieving PPI data from the PPI Web site PPI data can be obtained online (www.bls.gov/ppi). On this page, under the tab labeled “Featured PPI databases” links provide the following methods of data retrieval: • • wpufd4 Top Picks is a form-based application for both Industry Data and Commodity Data that allows the user to quickly obtain PPI time series data by selecting the high-level aggregate and other commonly requested time series, including the All Commodities Index and the FD-ID indexes (for example, Final Demand). Within each list, any one—or all—of the time series shown can be selected. A user can modify the date range and output options after executing the query, using the reformat button above the data output table. wpsid63 One-Screen Data Search and Multi-Screen Data Search are form-based query applications for both Industry Data and Commodity Data designed for users unfamiliar with the PPI coding structure. These applications guide a user through the PPI classification by listing index titles and do not require knowledge of commodity or industry codes. Data retrieved are based on a query formulated by selecting data characteristics from lists provided. Two options are available to create customized tables, depending on a user’s browser capability. The one-screen option is a JavaScript application that uses a single screen to guide a user through the available time series data. The second option is a multiple-screen, non-Java-based application. Both methods allow a user to browse the PPI coding structure and select multiple series. Users can modify the date range and output options after executing the query using the reformat button above the data output table. wdu0635 Provides data for: Passenger cars, seasonally adjusted Passenger cars, not seasonally adjusted Final demand, not seasonally adjusted Services for intermediate demand, seasonally adjusted For discontinued commodity indexes, series identifiers combine a “wdu” prefix (not seasonally adjusted) or a “wds” prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code. Commodity code wds019 wdusi138011 Provides data for: Other farm products, seasonally adjusted Preparations, ethical (prescription), not seasonally adjusted Stainless steel mill products, not seasonally adjusted Current price indexes grouped by industry according to NAICS have series identifiers that begin with the prefix “pcu.” After the prefix, there are 12 digits (the 6digit industry code is listed twice) followed by up to 7 alphanumeric characters identifying product detail. Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-level industry group codes. Industry-product code, current NAICS series pcu325---325--pcu336110336110 pcu621111621111411 • Series Report is a form-based application that allows users to input multiple, formatted PPI time series identifiers (commodity or industry codes) as inputs in extracting data according to a specified set of date ranges and output options. This application provides the most efficient path for users who are familiar with the format of PPI time series identifiers. There are five alphabetic prefixes used to create unique PPI time series identifiers: WP, WD, PC, PD, and ND. Each provides the user access to a different PPI database. Adding either a “u” (not seasonally adjusted) or an “s” (seasonally adjusted) to the end of these prefixes further specifies the type of data needed. Provides data for: Chemical manufacturing Automobile and light duty motor vehicle manufacturing Offices of physicians, one- and two-physician practices and single-specialty group practices, general/family practice Discontinued industry-product codes based on SIC combine a “pdu” prefix and “#” between the fourth and fifth characters of the product code. Series identifiers for the discontinued dataset use underscores as placeholders to complete a reference to an SIC industry group code of fewer than four digits. (All PPI industry-based indexes organized by SIC were discontinued with the introduction of NAICS in 2004.) EXAMPLES Industry-product code, discontinued SIC series pdu28_ _# pdu331_# For commodity and FD-ID indexes, series identifiers combine a “wpu” prefix (not seasonally adjusted) or a “wps” prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code. pdu3711#111 11 Provides data for: Chemicals and allied products Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling and finishing mills Passenger cars Price indexes for discontinued series grouped by industry according to NAICS have identifiers that begin with the prefix “ndu”. After the prefix, there are 12 numeric digits (the 6-digit industry code is listed twice), and up to 7 additional alphanumeric characters that identify product detail. Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-level group codes. Industry-product code, discontinued NAICS series ndu212231212231 ndu2122312122312 ndu212231212231214 • Directory: Industry Data Industry Data - Discontinued (NAICS basis) (SIC basis) Commodity Data (incl. FD-ID) Commodity Data – Discontinued Special requests /pub/time.series/pc /pub/time.series/nd /pub/time.series/pd /pub/time.series/wp /pub/time.series/wd /pub/special.requests/ppi Additional information Provides data for Lead and zinc ore mining Lead, zinc concentrates Lead concentrates The PPI homepage (www.bls.gov/ppi) contains additional information regarding PPI data and methodology. The “PPI Publications” section of the homepage provides PPI news releases, both current and archived, as well as general PPI information. The “PPI Tables” section provides relative importance and seasonal factor tables. The remaining sections offer special notices and publications pertaining to PPI methodology and applications. For questions or comments regarding PPI data classification, methodology, or data availability on the Internet, call or e-mail the Section of Index Analysis and Public Information at (202) 691-7705 or ppi-info@bls.gov. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services. Text Files are best suited for users requiring access to either a large volume of time series data or other PPI-related documentation, such as seasonal factor tables and relative importance tables. The text files can be accessed at download.bls.gov/ or directly from links on the “PPI Databases” page or the PPI homepage. Data and documentation available for download include the following: 12 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20221 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p Final Demand Final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods, crude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods, processed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer energy goods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods less foods and energy3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable consumer goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods, excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods excluding foods, energy, and capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods for export, excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand trade services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of finished goods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of personal consumption goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of private capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of government purchased goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of government purchased goods, excluding capital equipment. . . Trade of government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of private passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of government passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of finished goods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of personal consumption goods. . . . . Transportation and warehousing of private capital equipment. . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of government purchased goods. . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . Finished services less trade, transportation, and warehousing3. . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gov. purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing, excl. capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services for export less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . Final demand construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction for private capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction for government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 4 41 411 4111 41113 41112 4112 4113 412 4121 4122 4123 413 4131 41311 413111 413112 41312 413121 413122 4132 100.000 30.721 5.953 4.521 0.606 3.915 0.408 1.024 5.845 4.458 0.933 0.454 18.922 10.796 5.749 3.454 2.295 5.047 1.225 3.822 1.972 2.3 0.8 2.5 4.1 6.6 3.2 0.9 -4.2 -8.1 -4.8 -16.8 -21.7 3.3 5.4 5.3 6.3 3.7 5.5 6.3 5.3 2.8 -0.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.2 -1.4 -6.3 -4.5 -12.7 -11.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -17.3 1.2 0.0 -2.0 5.4 5.6 7.2 1.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.0 -0.4 -2.3 -2.6 -18.9 -0.6 -1.3 -1.2 -0.8 0.0 -3.2 -3.7 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.4 -1.0 0.3 0.8 4.0 0.5 0.3 -1.9 -6.0 -6.5 -5.0 -2.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.5 2.0 -0.8 -1.1 0.1 0.8 2.3 -4.1 -4.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 41321 41322 4133 42 423 4231 42311 42312 4232 42321 42322 4233 422 4221 42211 42212 42213 4222 42221 422211 422212 42222 42223 421 4211 1.163 0.809 6.154 66.603 19.642 16.988 13.855 3.133 0.746 0.463 0.283 1.908 5.218 1.282 0.865 0.103 0.314 3.936 2.565 2.062 0.503 0.233 1.138 41.742 36.483 2.8 2.6 -0.2 3.0 2.6 2.4 3.1 -0.6 3.4 5.6 -0.1 3.5 -2.3 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.3 -5.1 -5.8 -5.5 -6.7 -3.0 -4.0 3.8 3.6 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.1 -1.0 1.3 -0.5 0.0 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.0 -1.2 -1.2 -0.9 -2.9 -1.6 -0.5 -3.3 -0.3 -0.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.5 -1.9 -0.9 -1.1 0.6 0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.4 -0.3 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.6 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7 0.6 -0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.0 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 -0.2 1.1 1.9 -0.3 0.9 -1.7 -2.9 -2.9 -2.9 -2.9 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1 0.4 0.4 FD 42111 32.129 3.6 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 FD 42112 4.354 3.5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 FD 4212 2.674 2.7 0.3 0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.5 FD 42121 2.515 2.8 0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.6 FD FD FD FD FD 42122 4213 43 431 432 0.159 2.585 2.676 1.861 0.815 1.3 7.0 11.2 11.8 10.0 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.8 0.6 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 Final demand less exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD Final demand less government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD 49101 49102 86.423 92.116 2.7 2.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.3 Special Groupings of Final Demand See footnotes at end of table. 13 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Final demand less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods and energy5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods plus final demand distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods, energy, and trade services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private and government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private and government purchased capital investment services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private and government purchased capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods and energy3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less energy3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods less energy3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods, excluding foods3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital investment services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished distributive services3, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services less trade services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services less distributive services3, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction). . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods plus finished distributive services3, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total government purchases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total government purchased capital investment (goods, services, construction).. . Government purchases, defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchases, non-defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods (finished consumer goods). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption nondurable goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods, energy, and trade services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods, energy, and distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods plus personal consumption distributive services6. . . Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20221 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p FD FD 49103 49104 87.788 88.202 3.2 3.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 49105 49106 49107 49108 49109 49111 49112 49113 49114 49115 49116 49117 49118 49119 49201 93.633 94.047 94.155 80.358 76.422 24.875 24.767 46.960 23.578 54.298 68.560 5.856 8.432 14.288 78.537 2.3 2.3 3.2 2.3 2.6 3.0 0.5 3.1 1.3 1.0 3.4 5.1 1.1 3.8 2.9 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -1.5 0.2 0.1 -0.8 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.8 0.9 0.2 1.9 0.5 -1.2 0.2 0.6 0.6 -1.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 -1.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.8 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 FD FD 49202 49203 69.149 69.558 3.5 3.5 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 49204 49205 49206 49207 49208 49209 49210 49211 49212 49213 49214 49215 49216 49301 49302 49303 49401 49402 49403 49404 49405 49406 49501 49502 49503 49504 49508 49505 49506 49507 49510 49511 49512 49509 73.607 74.016 74.079 19.775 15.317 15.254 56.901 7.990 19.553 39.913 37.348 14.898 39.328 13.577 7.632 5.945 7.884 3.313 3.756 2.066 2.342 5.542 63.639 14.728 10.270 10.207 7.912 48.911 49.784 47.722 54.660 40.805 38.743 30.645 2.8 2.8 3.5 2.6 5.0 2.2 2.9 1.1 1.4 3.0 3.7 3.7 2.0 0.3 -2.1 3.7 0.5 -3.3 2.7 4.7 -2.1 1.6 2.7 1.5 4.7 0.6 0.0 3.2 2.6 2.9 3.4 3.5 4.0 1.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -1.1 -0.1 -1.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -1.1 0.0 -1.7 -3.6 0.2 0.3 -2.0 -1.6 -0.2 -1.6 -0.3 -2.0 -2.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.4 0.0 1.4 0.1 2.3 -0.1 -1.0 -1.3 0.4 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.3 0.3 0.4 1.3 1.2 0.4 1.7 -0.2 3.0 3.7 0.1 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 -1.1 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.6 -0.9 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.1 -1.3 0.4 -1.9 0.0 0.2 -0.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -1.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -1.9 0.4 -2.9 -3.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.3 -1.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.7 0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4 -1.3 0.4 -0.2 -1.2 0.0 0.4 0.6 -0.2 1.1 1.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 1 11 111 1111 1112 1113 112 100.000 42.988 27.087 4.441 12.298 10.348 15.901 -3.2 -3.6 -7.5 -3.0 -6.8 -9.7 4.0 -2.5 -0.7 -1.1 -0.6 -1.0 -1.4 0.1 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.9 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -2.3 -1.1 1.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.4 -1.1 0.0 1.4 0.2 Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Processed goods Processed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials and components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 14 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Components for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials and components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . Containers for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, other than feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20221 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 1121 1122 12 121 122 13 131 132 14 15 151 152 1521 1522 0.796 15.105 10.365 4.589 5.776 19.623 4.883 14.740 3.112 23.911 3.184 20.727 2.361 18.366 2.6 4.1 0.8 -2.6 3.5 -10.8 -7.0 -12.1 3.5 2.2 1.3 2.3 -1.8 2.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.7 0.0 -9.8 -5.6 -11.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.0 -0.6 0.5 5.3 2.8 6.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.7 -3.8 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -2.2 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.7 -4.1 -0.8 -5.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 -2.3 -3.5 -1.9 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -1.5 -0.1 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 2 21 22 221 2211 100.000 35.620 64.381 45.037 43.152 -19.2 -10.3 -23.7 -16.7 -17.8 1.5 -0.2 2.5 -7.2 -7.6 -4.6 -5.8 -4.0 0.6 0.5 -4.8 -1.0 -6.8 1.9 1.9 -4.1 -0.6 -6.1 -4.0 -4.2 1.7 -1.4 3.6 7.4 7.7 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 2212 222 2221 2222 1.885 19.344 1.007 18.337 12.7 -53.9 -16.0 -56.1 0.6 22.8 0.3 24.5 3.4 -14.8 -3.8 -15.4 0.5 -30.8 -9.3 -32.1 0.0 -14.6 -3.7 -15.5 1.5 -14.0 -2.1 -15.1 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 3 33 331 332 32 321 3211 3212 322 3221 100.000 18.467 9.100 9.367 14.424 1.070 0.127 0.943 13.354 2.932 4.5 1.8 4.5 -0.9 -1.0 6.2 6.3 6.2 -1.6 -1.8 0.0 -1.3 -1.4 -1.2 0.0 3.2 3.2 3.2 -0.3 -0.9 1.0 0.7 2.0 -0.5 0.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 0.2 -0.9 0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 1.0 2.0 -0.1 -0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.7 1.5 1.5 1.4 -0.8 -2.9 -2.9 -2.9 -0.7 -1.0 Unprocessed goods Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to manufacturing industries. . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services Services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for intermediate demand4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for manufacturing industries. . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 3222 10.422 -1.5 -0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 ID6 31 67.109 6.8 0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.4 0.8 ID6 311 2.057 4.6 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.5 ID6 312 65.052 6.9 0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.4 0.8 100.000 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8 9111 9112 9113 9118 9115 9116 9117 9211 9212 9213 9216 90.955 9.045 19.623 80.377 71.332 31.821 – 58.886 44.011 55.989 20.369 -3.3 -1.8 -10.8 -1.2 -1.1 0.3 -2.2 -24.5 -29.1 -11.9 -14.0 -2.7 -0.6 -9.8 -0.4 -0.4 -1.0 -2.1 3.5 5.2 -0.8 -1.7 1.2 0.2 5.3 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.9 -4.6 -7.4 -2.9 2.2 -0.3 -2.0 -1.7 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -7.8 -11.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.9 -0.3 -4.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.5 -6.3 -9.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -1.2 -2.3 0.1 0.3 0.6 -0.1 4.0 5.2 -0.2 1.8 4 41 411 100.000 30.323 22.393 2.9 1.8 0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 1.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.3 0.0 Construction Construction for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 4 Special Groupings of Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Processed materials less foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed energy goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intermediate distributive services7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed goods plus intermediate distributive services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed materials less agricultural products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed energy materials8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Stage 4 Intermediate Demand Stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 Inputs to stage 4 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 See footnotes at end of table. 15 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20221 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 4111 4112 4113 412 4123 4122 41221 41222 4121 42 421 4211 4212 4213 422 4223 4222 42221 42222 4221 423 43 431 4312 4313 432 4323 4322 43221 43222 4321 3.288 0.202 18.903 7.930 5.937 0.515 0.078 0.437 1.478 54.857 13.958 2.359 4.105 7.494 40.847 4.133 3.688 0.491 3.197 33.026 0.052 14.819 10.791 0.840 9.951 4.028 1.737 0.722 0.015 0.707 1.569 -3.7 -6.1 1.5 5.0 5.7 -0.6 6.3 -1.8 4.4 4.7 1.8 -4.1 2.0 3.6 5.7 5.5 3.3 6.3 2.8 6.1 4.7 -0.8 -0.3 -14.6 1.3 -2.0 -4.4 -6.1 6.3 -6.4 4.4 -1.7 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 -1.3 -0.1 3.2 -0.6 0.2 0.0 -0.8 -1.2 -2.1 0.0 0.3 -0.9 0.5 3.2 0.1 0.5 0.1 -1.5 -1.6 -13.8 -0.3 -1.1 -2.1 -1.1 3.2 -1.2 0.2 0.0 -3.7 0.1 1.5 1.8 0.1 2.3 -0.3 1.0 1.4 1.8 0.1 4.4 0.7 1.2 0.6 1.6 2.3 1.5 1.3 0.8 0.7 0.8 6.6 0.3 0.3 1.2 -1.5 2.3 -1.6 0.3 -1.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.5 -1.6 -0.9 0.0 0.3 -0.5 0.4 -1.0 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 0.3 -2.1 4.0 0.0 2.1 2.8 -0.5 0.8 -0.7 0.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.2 -2.7 0.1 -0.4 0.6 -0.4 0.8 -0.5 -0.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -8.1 0.4 0.4 1.4 -1.1 0.8 -1.2 0.1 -0.3 -10.6 0.2 1.1 1.4 -0.9 -2.9 -0.6 0.5 0.5 -0.6 -1.5 -0.8 -0.1 0.8 1.5 -0.6 -2.9 -0.3 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.4 3.9 0.1 0.5 1.0 -1.4 -2.9 -1.4 0.7 Stage 3 Intermediate Demand Stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 3 31 311 3111 3112 3113 312 3123 3122 31221 31222 3121 32 321 3211 3212 3213 322 3223 3222 32221 32222 3221 323 33 331 3313 332 3323 3322 33222 3321 100.000 45.396 35.711 11.819 1.238 22.654 9.685 5.316 3.003 0.144 2.859 1.366 53.446 10.524 0.090 6.519 3.915 42.349 2.635 10.001 0.021 9.980 29.713 0.573 1.157 0.569 0.569 0.588 0.543 0.016 0.016 0.029 -3.6 -6.7 -8.5 -12.6 -17.5 -5.7 0.8 2.2 -3.2 6.3 -3.7 5.2 -0.3 -13.6 1.9 -21.6 2.4 4.0 5.0 -2.0 1.6 -2.0 5.9 4.7 -10.3 -4.9 -4.9 -13.5 -14.4 5.2 5.2 6.7 -2.0 -1.3 -1.4 -0.5 -16.6 -0.7 -1.0 -1.4 -0.7 3.2 -0.9 0.0 -2.6 -11.4 -0.4 -17.0 0.0 0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.1 -2.5 -0.7 -0.7 -3.8 -4.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.2 -1.3 -2.0 -5.4 1.2 -0.4 1.4 2.9 -1.2 2.3 -1.4 1.1 1.6 5.2 2.3 8.1 0.3 0.7 -1.2 0.9 0.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 0.4 0.4 2.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -1.7 -2.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -1.0 -0.7 0.4 -0.2 -2.2 -1.7 -3.5 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 -1.1 -0.1 -0.1 -1.9 -2.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 1.2 -0.1 0.8 1.9 -0.9 0.8 -1.0 0.2 -1.1 -3.5 -1.0 -5.5 0.0 -0.5 -1.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.7 -0.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -2.0 -4.1 0.6 0.6 1.6 -1.2 -2.9 -1.1 0.7 0.0 -3.1 -2.6 -4.8 -0.2 0.7 1.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 1.0 0.8 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.7 Stage 2 Intermediate Demand See footnotes at end of table. 16 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20221 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p Stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 2 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 2 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 2 21 211 2111 2112 2113 212 2123 2122 21221 21222 2121 213 22 221 2211 2212 2213 222 2223 2222 22221 22222 2221 223 100.000 54.614 41.174 4.315 21.420 15.439 13.177 5.199 4.453 0.167 4.286 3.525 0.263 45.386 5.020 0.055 0.350 4.615 39.489 2.263 2.842 0.388 2.454 34.384 0.877 -5.1 -13.7 -19.0 -6.0 -30.0 -6.6 6.7 5.1 4.4 6.0 4.3 13.0 4.7 6.6 0.6 -10.2 -11.9 1.7 7.6 -3.0 -14.4 6.3 -17.2 10.5 4.7 1.0 1.4 1.9 -0.6 4.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 -0.4 3.1 -0.6 1.0 0.1 0.5 -0.9 -1.2 -10.7 -0.1 0.8 4.2 1.0 3.2 0.7 0.5 0.1 -1.0 -2.6 -3.7 -2.4 -6.9 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.4 2.2 0.3 1.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 -1.4 7.9 0.2 1.0 -4.2 -1.6 2.3 -2.2 1.5 0.8 -1.4 -3.8 -5.2 -0.8 -10.4 0.1 0.6 -0.4 0.5 -1.0 0.6 2.0 0.2 1.3 -0.3 -2.3 -1.6 -0.2 1.5 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.8 0.2 -2.2 -3.6 -4.9 -2.9 -9.9 0.3 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.7 -0.5 -3.0 -7.0 0.0 -0.8 -3.7 -1.6 0.8 -1.9 -0.6 0.4 1.2 1.8 2.1 -0.5 4.4 0.5 1.0 2.6 -0.6 -2.8 -0.6 0.8 0.8 0.5 -0.2 -1.0 -2.4 -0.1 0.6 0.7 -1.5 -2.9 -1.2 0.7 0.8 Stage 1 Intermediate Demand Stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 1 11 111 1111 1112 1113 112 1123 1122 11221 11222 1121 113 12 121 1211 1212 1213 122 1223 1222 12221 12222 1221 123 13 131 1312 1313 132 1323 1322 13222 1321 100.000 33.622 24.730 3.334 3.858 17.538 8.891 5.434 0.606 0.103 0.503 2.851 0.001 53.476 16.341 0.115 5.454 10.772 37.132 3.680 4.369 1.346 3.023 29.083 0.003 12.902 9.191 0.911 8.280 3.711 2.767 0.852 0.852 0.092 -0.8 -4.8 -7.3 -10.4 -6.3 -7.0 2.2 1.5 7.7 6.3 7.9 3.0 4.7 2.8 -1.2 0.3 -12.5 5.6 4.9 4.4 3.2 6.3 1.8 5.3 4.7 -4.4 -0.2 -23.3 3.1 -11.7 -11.7 -7.7 -7.7 8.9 -1.8 -1.5 -1.8 -2.2 -4.4 -1.1 -1.0 -1.5 -0.2 3.2 -0.7 0.0 0.1 -1.6 -4.7 8.3 -12.9 0.4 0.2 -0.9 0.7 3.2 -0.5 0.2 0.1 -3.1 -3.0 -22.1 0.0 -3.3 -3.6 -1.4 -1.4 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.0 -0.4 2.4 -0.4 2.0 3.1 -0.1 2.3 -0.6 0.5 0.8 1.0 2.1 -2.3 5.0 0.7 0.6 -0.4 1.4 2.3 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.8 6.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.1 -2.1 -2.1 0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.8 -1.6 0.0 -0.3 -0.7 0.6 -1.0 0.9 0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.8 -16.3 -2.2 0.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.4 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.7 -0.4 -3.9 0.0 -1.3 -1.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -1.0 -4.4 -1.7 -0.2 0.8 1.6 -0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 -1.2 6.2 -3.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.8 -0.6 0.0 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -4.3 0.4 0.3 0.7 -1.3 -1.3 0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.8 -5.5 0.7 0.9 1.2 -0.9 -2.9 -0.4 0.7 0.8 0.2 -0.5 3.0 -2.0 0.3 0.5 1.1 -1.3 -2.9 -0.5 0.7 0.8 -0.2 -0.4 -4.8 0.1 0.1 0.6 -1.7 -1.7 0.5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 9411 9412 9413 9414 47.142 52.805 0.052 5.647 0.8 4.9 4.7 -3.9 -0.7 0.0 0.1 -1.5 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -1.3 -0.4 0.0 0.4 -1.2 -0.1 0.9 0.8 -0.8 Special Groupings of Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Total Total Total Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 17 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 Item code 9415 9416 9311 9312 9313 9314 9315 9316 9211 9212 9213 9214 9215 9216 9111 9112 9117 9114 9115 9116 1 Relative Importance Dec. 20221 5.147 36.348 46.804 52.622 0.573 11.909 7.757 27.138 46.194 52.666 1.140 4.370 21.770 20.054 50.262 49.734 0.004 3.449 10.223 36.590 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p -1.8 1.9 -9.6 2.9 4.7 -12.5 -20.9 -4.6 -17.0 7.4 4.7 -6.0 -29.7 -4.9 -4.1 2.6 4.7 -10.1 -11.7 -1.1 -4.3 -0.1 -3.8 0.0 0.1 -0.5 -16.9 -0.6 1.5 0.6 0.1 -0.6 4.1 -0.5 -3.0 -0.4 0.1 -1.9 -11.1 -0.4 4.5 0.3 -0.4 0.8 0.8 -5.3 6.9 -0.3 -3.2 0.9 0.8 -2.4 -6.7 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.4 4.1 0.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.8 0.1 0.2 -1.7 -3.3 0.4 -4.7 1.3 0.2 -0.9 -10.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 -1.3 -2.2 0.0 -3.4 0.1 -0.9 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 -4.4 -0.1 -4.4 -0.6 0.4 -2.9 -9.8 0.2 -0.9 0.1 0.4 -4.1 -3.0 0.0 -0.4 0.1 -1.0 0.7 0.8 -2.0 -4.7 0.5 1.8 0.7 0.8 -0.5 4.3 0.3 -0.5 0.5 0.8 -0.7 -3.6 0.4 Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available. Individual items and subtotals may not add exactly to totals because of rounding differences. All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January. 3 PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand. 4 Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers. 5 The PPI definition of foods does not include food and beverages for immediate consumption. PPI defines food and beverages for immediate consumption as the service of preparing meals, snacks, and beverages to customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption. 6 Distributive services include transportation, warehousing, and trade of goods. 7 Includes intermediate trade, transportation, and warehousing services. 8 Includes crude petroleum. 9 Excludes crude petroleum. p Preliminary ″-″ Data not available. 2 18 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p 2.3 0.8 2.5 3.2 50.9 -15.1 -24.2 -10.8 9.1 20.7 12.7 4.3 -11.9 -15.8 -10.5 -6.7 -6.8 16.8 5.5 11.8 9.9 -13.4 9.4 -8.1 -50.4 8.4 -0.3 -12.2 -31.9 -27.1 3.3 3.8 14.2 -1.2 3.7 2.7 9.9 -8.6 2.7 15.6 5.6 6.7 10.1 5.7 12.3 -24.2 6.3 9.3 4.1 6.2 4.5 10.7 7.1 2.2 0.2 9.0 3.4 7.9 3.0 1.7 4.0 8.2 6.8 0.8 -0.3 -1.4 -0.9 -7.8 -9.4 -4.0 24.5 0.0 0.1 2.0 0.0 4.4 -1.9 -4.3 -0.3 -1.9 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -1.2 0.5 -4.1 0.5 -6.3 -14.5 1.0 2.1 -8.6 -5.3 -27.5 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.9 -0.3 3.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -6.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.4 1.2 -1.3 6.5 -33.5 -1.6 -12.7 -4.9 0.4 3.3 8.9 7.5 -2.1 -3.7 0.0 0.1 -1.6 1.4 -0.6 6.4 -0.3 -2.1 0.7 5.4 0.6 1.5 11.2 7.5 1.3 11.0 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.7 1.2 0.2 1.1 3.0 0.4 0.9 1.3 0.3 3.4 0.3 -0.2 0.8 1.4 1.6 1.4 0.0 0.8 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.4 -2.3 -6.4 -13.6 0.8 -41.3 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.3 -1.3 -2.3 -2.2 -2.2 -0.6 -2.0 0.9 1.6 -0.8 1.6 -2.4 0.0 -0.8 1.3 0.7 -8.6 2.8 -17.7 -4.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 -1.6 0.2 0.0 0.8 -1.5 0.5 0.2 1.5 1.8 0.0 0.2 0.4 11.2 -0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 -1.0 0.3 -3.2 -7.5 -7.4 33.2 -4.2 0.5 0.4 0.0 1.4 3.3 2.7 -11.6 0.9 -1.9 0.8 0.3 0.0 -0.6 -2.3 1.2 -6.0 -9.3 -1.0 -7.2 -11.6 -4.1 -6.3 0.2 -0.1 2.4 0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0 -0.3 0.0 5.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.5 2.4 35.1 2.5 -35.8 0.5 0.1 0.1 -8.4 -3.1 -6.7 -1.6 -8.3 -2.0 -0.4 0.3 0.3 -1.0 0.3 -0.8 0.3 0.8 -5.9 -0.1 -5.1 8.4 -5.6 -4.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 3.9 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.2 1.3 1.6 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 Final Demand Final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fruits and melons2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh and dry vegetables2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eggs for fresh use2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oilseeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bakery products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milled rice2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pasta products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beef and veal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed young chickens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed turkeys2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finfish and shellfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dairy products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fruits and vegetables2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Confectionery end products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soft drinks2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roasted coffee2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shortening and cooking oils2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen specialty food2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liquefied petroleum gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home heating oil and distillates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pet food2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s, girls’, and infants’ apparel2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s and boys’ apparel2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile housefurnishings2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Footwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pharmaceutical preparations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soaps and detergents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cleaning and polishing products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cosmetics and other toiletries2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tires2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer, institutional, and commercial products, n.e.c.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sanitary paper products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron and steel scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agricultural machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal cutting machine tools2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal forming machine tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tools, dies, jigs, fixtures, and industrial molds2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pumps, compressors, and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial material handling equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic computers and computer equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper industries machinery2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing trades machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transformers and power regulators2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communication and related equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic components and accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X-ray and electromedical equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil field and gas field machinery2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office and store machines and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD FD FD 01 01 01 01 01 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 FD 05 05 05 05 05 05 FD 02 02 03 03 03 04 06 06 06 06 06 07 07 09 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 4 41 411 11 13 2 7107 8301 11 13 1402 2101 2104 2203 2206 23 3 4 55 62 6301 78 85 412 32 41 51 71 7302 7303 413 61 9402 8106 8107 82 3 1 38 71 72 75 1201 2B 1501 12 1 2 37 38 39 41 44 5 62 64 65 74 76 78 7905 91 92 93 See footnotes at end of table. 19 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Household furniture2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial furniture2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Floor coverings2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household appliances2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home electronic equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lawn and garden equipment excl. garden tractors2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Passenger cars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Light motor trucks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy motor trucks2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck trailers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel trailers and campers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ships2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Railroad equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toys, games, and children’s vehicles2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sporting and athletic goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cigarettes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mobile homes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical, surgical & personal aid devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jewelry, platinum and karat gold2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Costume jewelry and novelties2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand trade services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and vehicle wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and commercial equipment wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furnishings wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and alcohol wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and alcohol retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health, beauty, and optical goods retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel, jewelry, footwear, and accessories retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer hardware, software, and supplies retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TV, video, and photographic equipment and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . Automobiles retailing (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automotive parts, including tires, retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RVs, trailers, and campers retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sporting goods, including boats, retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lawn, garden, and farm equipment and supplies retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flooring and floor coverings retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware, building materials, and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major household appliances retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuels and lubricants retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cleaning supplies and paper products retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of freight and mail2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline passenger services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . Sales of books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and subscriptions of periodicals and newspapers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application software publishing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential wired telecommunication services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telecommunication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cable and satellite subscriber services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internet access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code 12 12 12 12 12 12 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 FD FD 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 FD 30 30 30 30 30 30 FD 33 33 34 1 2 3 4 5 66 1101 1105 1106 12 14 16 21 31 4 11 12 21 5 6 9402 9404 42 423 1102 1103 1104 2 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6101 6102 8 9 A B C D E F G H 422 11 12 14 16 21 22 421 11 12 2 36 37 37 37 37 1 11 2 3 4 See footnotes at end of table. 20 Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p 5.3 7.4 2.6 2.0 4.4 7.2 0.3 4.7 3.2 2.4 0.3 3.4 4.3 1.1 1.9 2.2 13.7 12.4 -3.5 2.8 4.4 6.0 3.0 2.6 7.2 -0.7 2.6 6.2 6.4 7.4 8.7 7.8 14.6 7.4 1.3 -21.0 -20.4 -16.9 10.2 -45.1 0.8 28.1 -5.2 -2.5 -25.8 1.0 -18.7 20.1 -1.1 -2.3 3.9 -8.6 -6.2 6.3 1.4 6.3 3.8 7.3 2.1 0.3 0.3 0.9 -1.6 0.9 0.0 1.4 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.3 -1.3 1.5 1.7 0.8 -1.1 1.6 -7.3 -1.7 -0.3 3.3 3.1 0.6 -8.8 -4.9 0.2 -9.2 -1.4 -4.1 1.1 -5.6 -6.9 0.6 13.6 -2.0 -5.9 0.0 -0.1 -1.4 -1.7 -0.4 0.0 3.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 1.2 0.6 -0.7 0.7 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.1 0.4 -1.3 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.1 1.1 0.7 1.7 -1.3 0.8 1.7 4.1 0.0 -1.2 1.8 -4.5 1.3 0.4 4.0 -1.7 5.0 -0.4 -1.1 3.9 2.1 -1.4 -4.2 -6.9 1.4 16.0 -2.8 0.6 1.7 4.3 -0.4 0.9 -11.4 2.3 5.2 -0.5 1.1 -2.2 1.1 2.2 -0.2 2.3 0.6 1.5 -0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.6 0.0 0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.0 1.3 2.1 -0.6 0.0 -2.0 0.9 0.2 0.2 -1.3 0.3 1.2 -0.5 -3.5 0.8 5.3 -0.3 3.0 0.5 -2.0 -14.5 -1.3 0.4 -0.9 -6.1 -0.8 0.6 3.5 0.5 -5.4 12.2 -0.7 7.9 -4.3 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 -1.0 0.3 0.2 0.5 -0.7 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 4.7 -2.1 5.1 1.1 -1.9 -1.1 -5.1 1.2 1.5 -0.8 0.9 2.2 1.5 -0.8 -2.4 -2.3 -0.2 12.5 -0.6 0.1 0.3 -8.5 -12.6 -0.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -1.4 -1.0 -0.3 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.5 0.6 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.8 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.3 1.4 1.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.6 -4.7 0.0 0.6 2.5 4.4 4.0 -2.0 -0.3 -1.8 0.2 -2.3 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 2.5 1.8 -0.3 3.2 -1.1 3.3 -1.5 4.2 0.0 -1.7 0.2 -1.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -2.9 0.4 0.7 0.0 -0.4 4.2 5.7 1.7 11.4 0.4 1.0 0.0 0.1 2.6 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.9 0.4 0.1 1.8 0.8 0.0 1.3 0.1 0.2 -0.2 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Bundled wired telecommunications access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Life insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disability insurance, including accidental death2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and medical insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property and casualty insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annuities2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential property sales and leases, brokerage fees and commissions.. . Passenger car rental. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax preparation and planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of flights (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of vehicle rentals and lodging2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of cruises and tours2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physician care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical laboratory and diagnostic imaging care2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home health and hospice care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospital outpatient care2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dental care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospital inpatient care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing home care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traveler accommodation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and beverages for immediate consumption services (partial)2. . . . . . . Motor vehicle repair and maintenance (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership dues and admissions and recreation facility use fees (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreational activity instruction fees (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gaming receipts (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New warehouse building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New school building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New office building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New industrial building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New health care building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p 37 39 39 39 40 40 41 41 41 41 41 43 44 45 45 45 45 47 47 47 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 53 54 55 5 12 2 3 1 2 1101 1102 1103 1104 2 21 1 1 2102 3 4 1 2 3 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 2101 2102 11 1 2 10.0 3.4 19.8 -5.2 31.6 -7.2 0.1 -0.3 1.1 5.0 -1.5 2.4 -8.0 6.6 9.3 3.8 0.3 6.6 5.5 11.4 0.9 0.0 4.7 2.0 3.9 4.7 7.3 6.2 4.5 5.2 -0.2 -6.6 15.2 0.0 0.4 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.3 3.1 0.2 1.2 -1.1 0.5 6.5 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.6 0.1 0.5 0.2 1.8 -0.4 0.3 4.2 1.8 -1.9 0.1 0.4 3.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.7 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -2.5 1.6 -0.1 0.0 1.1 -0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.2 1.0 -2.3 0.9 0.9 -0.4 3.2 -2.1 1.7 4.5 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.5 -1.4 1.0 0.6 0.4 -1.3 1.0 1.3 -6.6 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.3 2.0 0.2 0.8 -3.6 0.6 0.0 1.3 -4.6 4.3 0.1 -0.3 -4.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.5 -1.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.7 -1.9 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.5 3.8 0.2 0.9 0.0 2.3 0.3 0.2 -0.4 4.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.3 2.5 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.0 1.6 2.2 0.1 0.0 1.3 0.9 0.0 0.4 0.2 1.3 0.4 0.0 56 56 56 60 FD 80 80 80 80 80 1 2 3 1 43 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 6.6 0.5 3.0 7.8 11.2 7.0 10.8 14.9 11.2 12.3 1.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.1 2.6 0.0 1.7 0.5 1.9 0.0 1.6 3.8 1.3 1.7 0.9 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 -1.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.1 -1.0 -0.2 ID6 ID6 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 ID6 03 03 03 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 1 9112 21 22 3 4 53 7 9 9111 1 2 4 32 42 43 52 53 54 71 7203 7303 74 -3.2 -1.8 -0.7 -18.7 -6.8 16.8 10.7 -18.5 1.3 -3.3 6.7 -11.3 3.5 -50.4 10.0 7.5 -4.5 -4.5 2.8 -12.2 -32.1 -27.1 -38.2 -2.5 -0.6 1.4 -9.9 -0.3 0.1 0.8 -3.4 0.0 -2.7 -1.2 -2.9 -0.6 -14.5 1.8 2.8 3.3 4.6 1.4 -8.6 -15.8 -27.5 -3.3 1.1 0.2 2.3 1.2 -1.6 1.4 0.5 0.2 -0.8 1.2 2.0 -3.1 0.1 0.6 2.1 7.0 11.8 6.8 7.4 7.5 14.0 11.0 -17.4 -0.5 -2.0 -1.0 -3.6 -2.0 0.9 2.4 -6.1 -1.8 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.3 1.3 1.7 -4.5 -10.9 -10.3 1.6 2.8 -5.3 -4.6 -5.4 -0.9 -0.3 1.9 1.2 -1.9 0.8 0.4 -4.4 -0.8 -0.9 0.2 -0.2 0.1 -9.3 -2.6 -0.1 -9.8 -6.8 -6.2 -11.6 -6.1 -6.3 13.2 -0.4 -1.2 -3.2 -2.2 -0.4 0.3 0.1 -5.2 -1.4 -0.3 0.2 -1.0 0.0 -5.9 0.8 -1.4 -6.5 -7.2 -5.4 8.4 -13.2 -4.1 -1.1 Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Processed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed poultry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dairy products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fruits and vegetables2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refined sugar and byproducts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fats and oils2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared animal feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthetic fibers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed yarns and threads2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished fabrics2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liquefied petroleum gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural gas to electric utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jet fuel2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residual fuels2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 21 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Finished lubricants2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lubricating oil base stocks2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic inorganic chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic organic chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared paint2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paint materials2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicinal and botanical chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biological products, including diagnostics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fats and oils, inedible2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nitrogenates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phosphates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other agricultural chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic resins and materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial gases2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adhesives and sealants2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthetic rubber2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tires2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic construction products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsupported plastic film, sheet, other shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parts for manufacturing from plastics2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic packaging products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Softwood lumber. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardwood lumber2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Millwork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plywood2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paperboard2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper boxes and containers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building paper and board2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial printing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foundry and forge shop products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary nonferrous metals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Secondary nonferrous metals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aluminum mill shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copper and brass mill shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous wire and cable2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous foundry shop products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal containers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plumbing fixtures and brass fittings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heating equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated structural metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lighting fixtures2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated ferrous wire products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other miscellaneous metal products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fluid power equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mechanical power transmission equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal valves, except fluid power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ball and roller bearings2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wiring devices2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motors, generators, motor generator sets2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switchgear, switchboard, and industrial controls equip.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic components and accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal combustion engines2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machine shop products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flat glass2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concrete products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt felts and coatings2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paving mixtures and blocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft engines and engine parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05 05 05 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 07 07 07 07 07 07 08 08 08 08 09 09 09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 Item code 76 78 8102 13 14 21 22 31 37 4 5201 5202 53 6 7903 7904 1102 1201 21 22 26 2A 11 12 2 3 13 14 1503 2 47 15 17 22 24 2501 2502 26 28 3 4 5 6 7 81 83 88 89 43 45 48 4902 4905 71 73 75 78 94 95 11 22 3 6 94 12 23 See footnotes at end of table. 22 Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p 13.8 -4.4 -23.8 12.2 -11.8 4.9 13.6 0.5 4.5 -16.9 -41.4 -22.8 -9.2 -8.1 4.9 9.5 -6.2 10.1 1.0 -0.1 2.1 0.2 -38.9 -15.0 -3.6 -23.9 6.1 1.7 6.2 -44.8 9.7 4.5 -14.8 -19.4 -8.8 -18.1 -6.5 2.7 4.1 -0.9 3.9 2.6 8.7 0.1 11.2 4.4 -1.9 5.0 14.5 10.4 8.0 9.4 6.3 15.3 8.1 11.2 1.7 6.8 6.8 9.3 13.7 13.2 4.2 9.6 2.4 3.8 0.0 6.8 -31.5 0.1 -1.1 0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -7.1 -2.4 -10.1 -1.8 0.4 -0.6 0.3 -4.5 0.6 -0.2 -0.7 0.4 -0.4 -8.0 -1.8 -0.5 -1.9 0.2 -0.5 0.0 -8.4 0.4 0.2 -3.4 1.6 0.8 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.4 0.0 0.7 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.1 -1.1 -0.1 0.3 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 2.3 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.7 1.0 0.3 -0.7 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -21.4 2.9 2.0 -0.2 0.0 1.2 0.4 1.3 -2.1 -10.4 -0.3 -2.0 -0.8 3.9 0.2 -2.5 3.0 -0.2 -1.2 -0.1 -2.0 -9.8 7.8 -0.4 -1.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -6.6 1.4 1.5 -2.4 3.1 1.3 2.3 2.2 2.5 -0.3 -1.8 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.3 -0.3 0.0 1.1 0.9 -0.5 0.7 0.0 8.3 0.6 0.3 -0.6 4.0 0.1 -0.6 3.5 1.2 -2.4 -1.0 0.4 0.3 0.3 3.3 -2.9 -0.2 -1.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.7 -5.4 -12.1 -2.6 1.2 1.3 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.3 -1.7 -0.7 -1.0 -1.7 0.0 -1.5 0.7 -1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.6 2.3 1.5 0.6 1.7 2.0 1.8 0.8 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.3 1.6 0.1 -0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.5 3.5 1.5 0.4 -0.2 1.9 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -3.0 3.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.9 0.3 0.4 -2.6 -9.9 -5.1 -0.1 0.2 1.0 0.2 -1.3 0.0 0.1 -1.6 0.0 -0.2 -4.0 -1.4 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.9 -5.2 0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.6 0.4 1.5 -0.6 -0.4 0.4 0.0 1.6 0.2 1.9 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.7 0.9 0.1 1.2 0.2 0.1 -0.9 3.8 12.0 -1.6 0.0 0.3 -0.8 0.3 0.2 -2.7 -9.9 2.2 -0.5 2.9 -0.4 0.7 1.5 0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.0 6.2 -0.7 -1.0 -0.2 1.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 1.0 3.6 1.2 -0.4 -1.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 6.6 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -1.3 0.3 1.8 -1.6 0.2 0.3 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Medical, surgical, and personal aid devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Item code 25 6 Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p 5.8 2.8 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.9 0.0 1.0 0.4 0.0 -0.3 Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wheat2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter cattle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter hogs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter chickens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter turkeys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raw milk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hay and hayseeds2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oilseeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raw cane sugar and byproducts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raw cotton2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hides and skins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crude petroleum2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and woodchips2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recyclable paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron ores2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron and steel scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous metal ores2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copper base scrap2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aluminum base scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 ID6 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 02 ID6 01 04 05 05 05 08 09 10 10 10 10 10 13 2 21 21 2202 31 32 4102 42 6 81 8301 5201 22 51 1 1 31 61 5 12 11 12 21 2301 2302 21 -19.2 -10.3 -28.5 -12.4 24.8 -28.1 -17.9 20.9 -22.7 -6.6 -10.8 15.2 -23.7 -39.7 -11.3 8.4 -64.1 -20.4 -1.8 -58.4 12.0 -24.2 -6.0 -9.7 -30.7 12.4 1.5 -0.2 -7.2 -3.6 1.2 -0.1 -6.3 6.1 -2.6 21.4 0.0 1.1 2.5 -5.1 -2.6 -7.5 31.1 -13.2 0.7 10.1 -0.1 -6.8 -0.6 2.1 5.9 0.7 -4.6 -5.8 -3.6 -1.2 1.2 -14.0 -9.4 2.3 -2.9 -11.0 -4.9 3.2 -4.0 2.9 -4.7 2.8 -17.6 -1.2 -0.5 -3.7 0.9 1.3 11.2 2.8 0.0 3.4 -4.8 -1.0 5.9 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1 5.6 -2.7 -5.3 10.5 0.6 1.3 -6.8 -2.4 0.3 1.4 -37.2 3.4 -0.9 10.1 1.0 11.2 -4.8 0.9 -1.6 0.5 -4.1 -0.6 -9.3 -7.5 4.1 -3.3 1.8 -0.9 -3.3 -5.0 -4.2 2.3 -6.1 -5.1 4.9 0.0 -19.3 -7.8 -1.1 0.2 -0.5 5.0 3.4 0.2 -4.5 -0.1 1.7 -1.4 4.0 2.4 8.0 -8.0 -0.1 -2.4 -2.7 -15.3 0.5 -0.3 3.6 -0.3 3.9 1.3 -20.1 14.2 -0.9 6.7 -1.3 3.9 0.2 0.8 -1.4 1.5 Services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for intermediate demand3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automotive parts, including tires, retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware, building material, and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of freight and mail2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier and messenger services, except air mail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipline transportation2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services related to water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of freight and cargo2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing, storage, and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network compensation from broadcast TV, cable TV, radio2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in directories and mail lists2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Television advertising time sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radio advertising time sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internet advertising sales2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business wired telecommunication services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telecommunication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cable and satellite subscriber services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bundled wired telecommunication access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 ID6 57 57 57 57 57 57 58 58 ID6 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 31 31 32 3 33 1102 3 4 5 6 8101 6102 D 32 11 12 13 14 1601 1602 1603 17 2 1 31 1 4.5 1.8 7.2 -5.4 -1.4 6.4 7.4 7.1 10.2 -25.8 -1.0 3.9 -8.6 14.3 -6.2 10.0 4.4 1.6 – 6.2 2.8 -34.5 9.3 0.0 -1.3 -1.3 1.3 -6.2 -1.1 1.6 -2.1 0.2 -6.9 0.0 -0.1 -1.4 -0.3 -1.7 0.0 0.5 -3.1 -1.3 3.2 0.0 2.0 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8 -2.5 15.2 4.0 -1.7 -0.6 1.4 -0.4 0.3 1.1 -2.2 -2.3 1.1 4.0 -0.3 3.3 0.3 2.3 1.0 -6.0 2.8 0.3 -0.3 -1.3 -2.1 2.1 -3.5 0.8 -0.4 -0.9 -5.4 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 1.3 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.1 1.2 -1.0 1.1 -2.7 2.8 -0.2 1.0 4.7 -1.7 10.7 -1.9 -1.1 1.6 -2.4 0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -1.4 -0.3 -1.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 0.0 0.8 -1.1 -4.4 -0.3 0.7 1.5 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.6 2.5 4.4 -0.1 -1.1 -0.8 0.2 -1.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -1.1 -2.9 0.0 -3.4 0.0 ID6 35 36 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 37 38 39 31 – 11 12 2 3 6 12 2 3 5 1 11 6.8 1.7 3.2 9.7 -17.0 -4.8 – 3.2 1.7 11.4 10.0 0.7 81.9 0.4 0.0 1.2 0.0 -9.0 -2.5 – 0.2 0.1 2.6 -0.2 0.4 1.4 1.1 0.3 0.4 5.3 -2.0 -9.8 0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.7 4.2 0.2 8.7 0.6 0.0 0.7 0.0 -7.4 11.0 0.0 1.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.4 0.4 10.8 -0.4 0.0 1.0 0.0 -2.9 -1.6 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.8 1.3 0.3 -5.7 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.9 -1.3 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 1.8 See footnotes at end of table. 23 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment banking2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Life insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and medical insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property and casualty insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annuities2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commissions from sales of insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential real estate rents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential property sales and leases2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential property management fees2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Passenger car rental. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck, utility trailer, and RV rental and leasing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting services (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising and related services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent placement services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Executive search services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staffing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Security guard services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Janitorial services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traveler accommodation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal treatment services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p 39 39 40 40 40 41 41 41 41 42 43 43 43 44 44 2 3 1 2 3 1101 1103 1104 2 1 11 12 22 1 2 19.8 -5.2 31.6 -7.2 -5.4 0.1 1.1 5.0 -1.5 0.8 0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -8.0 1.4 15.2 0.0 0.4 -0.9 -1.4 -0.1 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.6 -1.0 0.6 0.3 -1.9 0.1 0.4 3.7 0.3 -0.4 -0.7 0.9 -0.1 0.7 1.7 -0.6 0.7 -2.5 -0.7 -2.1 1.7 4.5 -0.5 2.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 -4.2 -1.1 -0.5 -1.4 -0.6 4.3 0.1 -0.3 -4.6 3.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -1.6 -0.6 -0.1 -1.4 0.7 0.3 0.2 -0.4 4.1 -1.7 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0 2.4 -1.1 0.3 2.5 0.2 44 45 45 45 45 45 46 46 46 48 49 50 53 3 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 1 1 11 10.0 6.6 7.5 3.8 0.3 0.9 1.4 5.9 1.8 7.1 2.9 12.8 6.2 1.4 0.3 0.8 0.2 1.2 0.0 0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.2 0.0 1.1 0.1 -0.1 1.1 0.0 1.1 0.7 1.3 -2.3 0.0 1.0 1.3 0.4 -1.3 0.2 -2.5 -0.7 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 1.6 -3.6 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.2 1.1 3.8 0.8 0.2 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.6 -1.1 0.9 0.1 0.7 1.1 1.3 55 55 59 1 4 1 7.6 4.4 5.5 0.5 0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 2.5 -0.4 2.1 0.0 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.7 4 2 4.7 4.7 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.8 2.9 0.8 -15.1 -0.7 -6.7 -6.8 10.0 7.5 -12.2 -27.1 -11.8 4.9 0.5 4.5 2.7 1.0 -0.1 2.1 0.2 -32.1 -3.6 6.2 9.7 -14.8 2.7 0.1 5.0 8.0 15.3 -0.4 -0.7 -4.0 1.4 -1.9 -0.3 1.8 2.8 -8.6 -27.5 -1.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.4 -0.4 -6.1 -0.5 0.0 0.4 -3.4 1.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.6 0.2 1.0 0.8 -1.6 2.3 0.1 -1.6 2.1 7.0 7.5 11.0 -0.2 0.0 0.4 1.3 0.7 -0.2 -1.2 -0.1 -2.0 -3.6 -0.4 -0.1 1.4 -2.4 2.5 0.4 0.0 -0.5 8.3 0.0 -0.1 0.8 -1.0 -0.6 -2.0 1.7 -4.5 2.8 -4.6 -1.8 0.0 -0.4 0.7 0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -1.7 -0.7 -1.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.3 1.8 -0.3 1.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -7.4 1.9 0.9 -1.9 -2.6 -0.1 -11.6 -6.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.1 -1.6 0.0 -0.2 -2.9 -0.8 -0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.7 0.6 -0.4 1.6 0.5 0.4 -0.1 2.5 -3.2 -2.0 -0.4 0.8 -1.4 8.4 -4.1 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.0 3.4 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4 3.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 Construction for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 Maintenance and repair of non-residential buildings (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 4 intermediate demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed and packaged fish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dairy products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic organic chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared paint2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicinal and botanical chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biological products, including diagnostics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pharmaceutical preparations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic construction products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parts for manufacturing from plastics2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic packaging products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lumber. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Millwork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper boxes and containers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial printing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous wire and cable2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated structural metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other miscellaneous metal products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wiring devices2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 01 02 02 02 05 05 05 05 06 06 06 06 06 07 07 07 07 08 08 09 09 10 10 10 10 11 11 4 9411 2 21 23 3 42 43 71 7303 14 21 31 37 38 21 22 26 2A 1 2 1503 47 17 26 7 89 48 71 See footnotes at end of table. 24 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Electronic components and accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous electrical machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal combustion engines2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machine shop products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concrete ingredients and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concrete products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared asphalt, tar roofing and siding products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paving mixtures and blocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft engines and engine parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical, surgical and personal aid devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 4 intermediate demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline passenger services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing, storage, and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment banking2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annuities2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential real estate rents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential property sales and leases2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential property management fees2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential property management fees2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising agency services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting services (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staffing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Janitorial services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and alcohol wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal treatment services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 3 intermediate demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter cattle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter hogs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter poultry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raw milk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jet fuel2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished lubricants2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lubricating oil base stocks2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic inorganic chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic organic chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paints and allied products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p 11 11 11 11 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 ID5 30 30 30 32 36 38 39 39 40 40 40 41 41 43 43 43 43 78 79 94 95 2 3 61 94 12 23 25 6 9412 12 16 22 1 11 1 11 2 1 2 3 11 2 11 12 13 22 1.7 4.8 6.8 6.8 12.7 13.2 4.4 9.6 2.4 3.8 5.8 2.8 4.9 -8.6 6.3 6.3 9.3 3.2 0.7 81.9 19.8 31.6 -7.2 -5.4 2.9 -1.5 0.5 -0.6 5.7 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.7 1.0 0.4 -0.7 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 -1.4 -0.4 3.2 0.9 1.2 0.4 1.4 15.2 0.4 -0.9 -1.4 0.6 0.0 1.0 0.6 0.4 -1.0 -0.6 0.7 4.0 0.1 3.4 1.2 -3.1 -1.0 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.8 1.2 -2.2 2.2 2.3 2.8 0.4 0.2 8.7 -1.9 0.4 3.7 0.3 0.2 -0.1 1.7 -0.6 0.6 0.7 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.5 0.8 0.4 -0.3 1.9 -0.1 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.2 -1.0 0.1 -1.0 2.8 0.7 0.4 10.8 -2.1 4.5 -0.5 2.1 0.2 0.0 -4.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1 1.2 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.4 0.0 -1.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.3 1.0 0.3 -5.7 4.3 -0.3 -4.6 3.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.3 2.3 -1.6 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.9 -1.7 0.0 -2.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.3 -0.4 4.1 -1.7 0.2 -0.1 2.4 -1.1 -0.3 0.3 44 45 45 45 45 45 46 49 3 1 51 2 3 4 3 1 10.0 6.6 0.9 7.5 3.8 0.3 1.8 2.9 1.4 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.2 1.2 0.1 1.0 1.4 1.6 0.1 1.2 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.7 0.0 1.0 0.2 1.3 0.4 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.0 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.9 0.7 55 57 57 57 57 57 57 58 59 1 1102 3 4 5 6 8 D 1 7.6 7.2 -5.4 -1.4 6.4 7.4 7.8 -25.8 5.5 0.5 -1.3 1.3 -6.2 -1.1 1.6 -1.7 -6.9 -0.6 -0.6 1.8 -2.5 15.2 4.0 -1.7 -0.4 -0.4 2.5 -0.4 -1.3 -2.1 2.1 -3.5 0.8 -0.3 -5.4 0.0 0.9 4.7 -1.7 10.7 -1.9 -1.1 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.6 2.5 4.0 -1.1 0.7 ID5 ID5 01 01 01 01 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 06 06 06 3 9311 31 32 4 6 42 43 71 7203 7303 76 78 8102 13 14 2 -3.6 -9.6 24.8 -28.1 -12.2 -22.7 10.0 7.5 -12.2 -32.1 -27.1 13.8 -4.4 -23.8 12.2 -11.8 6.6 -2.0 -3.8 1.2 -0.1 -4.0 -2.6 1.8 2.8 -8.6 -15.8 -27.5 0.0 6.8 -31.5 0.1 -1.1 0.3 0.2 -0.4 1.2 -14.0 -7.1 -2.9 2.1 7.0 7.5 14.0 11.0 -0.5 -21.4 2.9 2.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.8 -0.6 -0.1 4.0 -5.3 1.7 -4.5 2.8 -5.3 -4.6 0.3 3.3 -2.9 -0.2 -1.8 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 4.1 -3.3 1.3 -3.3 -2.6 -0.1 -11.6 -6.1 -6.3 0.1 -3.0 3.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 -1.0 8.0 -8.0 -0.5 -2.7 0.8 -1.4 8.4 -13.2 -4.1 -0.9 3.8 12.0 -1.6 0.0 0.0 See footnotes at end of table. 25 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Agricultural chemicals and chemical products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic resins and materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthetic rubber2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paperboard2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Converted paper and paperboard products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial printing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foundry and forge shop products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous mill shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous foundry shop products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal containers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Structural, architectural, and pre-engineered metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other miscellaneous metal products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General purpose machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft and aircraft equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 3 intermediate demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of freight and mail2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of freight and cargo2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Freight forwarding2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing, storage, and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wired telephone services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bundled wired telecommunications access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential real estate rents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting services (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising agency services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staffing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft repair maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal treatment services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 2 intermediate demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oilseeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared animal feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liquefied petroleum gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crude petroleum2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic resins and materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and wood chips2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p 06 06 07 07 09 09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 13 13 14 14 ID5 30 30 31 31 32 5 6 1102 22 13 14 15 47 15 17 25 28 3 74 81 89 4 7 21 22 12 2 9312 11 16 31 3201 1 -19.5 -8.1 -6.2 -0.1 6.1 1.7 7.6 9.7 4.5 -14.8 -11.5 4.1 -0.9 -3.0 11.2 5.0 9.2 4.6 12.4 13.7 2.4 4.5 2.9 3.9 6.3 -34.5 -4.7 9.3 -4.3 0.4 -4.5 -0.7 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 -3.4 1.1 0.4 0.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 2.0 0.0 0.9 -2.9 -0.8 -2.5 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 1.4 1.5 -2.4 2.2 -0.3 -1.8 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.7 0.6 3.4 3.5 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 2.2 -6.0 0.0 2.8 -3.0 1.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.7 -1.0 0.1 0.1 0.6 2.3 1.7 0.8 -0.3 -0.4 1.6 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.5 1.5 -0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.9 0.1 -2.7 -0.1 2.8 -3.9 0.2 -1.3 -1.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.3 0.4 0.1 0.9 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 1.0 0.4 -0.4 0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.7 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -4.4 -0.4 -0.3 -2.7 2.9 1.5 0.3 1.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 1.0 3.6 -0.8 -0.5 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.9 0.0 1.5 -1.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.0 -3.4 1.1 0.0 36 37 37 38 39 39 40 41 43 45 45 45 45 45 46 55 57 57 57 57 57 57 59 1 1 5 1 11 2 1 11 11 1 2 3 4 51 3 4 1102 3 4 5 6 8101 1 4.2 3.6 10.0 0.7 81.9 19.8 31.6 2.9 0.5 6.6 7.5 3.8 0.3 0.9 1.8 4.4 7.2 -5.4 -1.4 6.4 7.4 7.1 5.5 1.0 0.1 -0.2 0.4 1.4 15.2 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.3 0.8 0.2 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.6 -1.3 1.3 -6.2 -1.1 1.6 -2.1 -0.6 1.1 0.0 4.2 0.2 8.7 -1.9 0.4 0.2 1.7 1.6 1.2 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.0 -0.5 1.8 -2.5 15.2 4.0 -1.7 -0.6 2.5 0.6 0.7 -0.4 0.4 10.8 -2.1 4.5 0.2 -4.2 1.0 1.3 0.4 -1.3 0.2 -0.2 2.1 -1.3 -2.1 2.1 -3.5 0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.9 0.2 1.3 0.3 -5.7 4.3 -0.3 0.2 -1.6 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.4 4.7 -1.7 10.7 -1.9 -1.1 1.6 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.3 -0.4 0.2 2.4 0.2 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.6 2.5 4.4 0.7 ID5 ID5 01 01 02 05 05 05 05 05 06 06 07 08 2 9211 2202 83 9 1 31 32 61 7303 1 6 2 5 -5.1 -17.0 -12.4 -10.8 1.3 8.4 -64.1 -50.4 -20.4 -27.1 -8.6 -8.1 1.8 -1.8 1.0 1.5 -3.6 0.0 0.0 -7.5 31.1 -14.5 -13.2 -27.5 -0.9 0.4 -0.2 0.7 -1.0 -3.2 -1.2 -4.9 -0.8 2.8 -17.6 0.6 -1.2 11.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 -1.4 -4.7 -0.2 0.6 -1.8 1.4 -37.2 1.3 3.4 -4.6 -1.5 1.3 -0.5 -0.9 -2.2 -4.4 -7.5 -4.2 -0.8 0.0 -19.3 -9.3 -7.8 -6.3 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 -1.1 1.2 1.8 2.4 0.5 -1.4 1.3 -20.1 -5.9 14.2 -4.1 -0.3 2.9 0.2 -0.9 See footnotes at end of table. 26 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p Paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paperboard, excluding corrugated paperboard2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial printing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron and steel scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous mill shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic components and accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 2 intermediate demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of freight and mail2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier and messenger services, except air. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline passenger services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of freight and cargo2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Television advertising time sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telecommunication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment banking2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commissions from sales of insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting services (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising agency services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staffing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Security guard services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Janitorial services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traveler accommodation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 09 09 09 10 10 10 11 11 ID5 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 31 36 37 38 40 40 40 41 42 45 45 45 45 46 48 49 53 13 1411 47 12 17 25 7 78 9212 11 12 1601 1602 1603 17 22 31 21 2 1 1 2 31 11 11 1 2 4 51 3 1 1 1 6.1 2.1 9.7 -24.2 -14.8 -11.5 4.6 1.7 7.4 3.9 -8.6 10.0 4.4 1.6 – 6.3 -34.5 -17.0 1.7 0.7 31.6 -7.2 -5.4 2.9 0.8 6.6 7.5 0.3 0.9 1.8 7.1 2.9 6.2 0.2 -0.4 0.4 -6.8 -3.4 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -1.4 0.0 0.5 -3.1 -1.3 3.2 2.0 -9.0 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.9 -1.4 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.8 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.0 1.8 -0.3 -0.4 1.4 1.3 -2.4 2.2 0.6 -0.6 0.9 1.1 -2.2 4.0 -0.3 3.3 0.3 2.3 -6.0 -2.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 3.7 0.3 0.2 0.7 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.1 0.0 1.1 0.7 -2.3 0.7 -1.0 0.1 11.2 2.3 1.7 0.0 0.1 1.3 -0.9 -1.0 0.0 0.3 -0.1 1.2 -1.0 -2.7 -7.4 0.3 0.4 4.5 -0.5 2.1 0.2 0.0 1.0 1.3 -1.3 0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -3.6 -0.8 -0.1 0.4 5.0 0.9 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 -1.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 0.0 0.8 -4.4 -2.9 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -4.6 3.0 0.2 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.2 3.8 1.0 -0.7 -0.4 3.9 3.6 -0.8 0.0 -0.5 0.7 0.2 -1.7 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -1.1 -2.9 -3.4 2.9 0.1 0.0 -0.4 4.1 -1.7 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.7 1.3 55 58 1 D 7.6 -25.8 0.5 -6.9 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -5.4 0.9 0.3 0.3 -1.1 Stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 1 intermediate demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared animal feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared paint2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic construction products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recyclable paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Converted paper and paperboard products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron and steel scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary nonferrous metals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous wire and cable2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated structural metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General purpose machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 1 intermediate demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline passenger services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business wired telecommunication services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telecommunication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 02 05 05 05 05 05 05 06 06 07 09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 13 ID5 30 30 1 9111 9 42 43 52 53 71 7303 1 21 21 12 13 15 12 17 22 23 26 7 4 21 9112 12 22 -0.8 -4.1 1.3 10.0 7.5 -4.5 -4.5 -12.2 -27.1 -8.6 4.9 1.0 -58.4 6.1 7.6 -24.2 -14.8 -19.4 -23.6 2.7 0.1 9.2 12.4 2.6 -8.6 6.3 -1.8 -3.0 0.0 1.8 2.8 3.3 4.6 -8.6 -27.5 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 10.1 0.2 0.3 -6.8 -3.4 1.6 1.3 1.0 -0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.4 -1.4 3.2 0.8 0.8 -0.8 2.1 7.0 11.8 6.8 7.5 11.0 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -3.7 -0.3 0.2 1.3 -2.4 3.1 -0.2 2.5 0.4 0.7 3.4 0.8 -2.2 2.3 -0.4 -0.5 -1.8 1.7 -4.5 -10.9 -10.3 2.8 -4.6 -1.5 0.0 -0.7 10.1 0.7 0.1 11.2 2.3 1.5 -3.3 1.8 -0.3 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -0.4 -0.9 -0.8 -2.6 -0.1 -9.8 -6.8 -11.6 -6.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.8 -0.3 5.0 0.9 -5.2 -2.6 -0.7 0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.1 -1.4 0.8 0.0 -0.5 -1.4 0.8 -1.4 -6.5 -7.2 8.4 -4.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 6.7 1.0 -0.1 3.9 3.6 1.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.1 0.9 1.5 0.5 -1.7 -2.9 36 37 37 1 12 2 4.2 3.2 1.7 1.0 0.2 0.1 1.1 -0.1 0.0 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.1 See footnotes at end of table. 27 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023] Commodity code Grouping Group code Bundled wired telecommunications access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment banking2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential real estate rents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traveler accommodation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code 37 39 39 40 40 40 41 43 45 45 50 53 5 11 2 1 2 3 11 11 3 41 1 11 55 57 57 57 57 57 58 60 1 1102 3 4 5 6 D 1 1 Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Apr. 2022 to Apr. 2023p Nov. to Dec. Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Mar. to Apr.p 10.0 81.9 19.8 31.6 -7.2 -5.4 2.9 0.5 3.8 0.3 12.8 6.2 -0.2 1.4 15.2 0.4 -0.9 -1.4 0.6 1.0 0.2 1.2 0.7 1.8 4.2 8.7 -1.9 0.4 3.7 0.3 0.2 1.7 0.0 1.1 1.3 -2.3 -0.4 10.8 -2.1 4.5 -0.5 2.1 0.2 -4.2 0.4 -1.3 1.6 -3.6 1.3 -5.7 4.3 -0.3 -4.6 3.0 0.2 -1.6 0.0 0.1 1.1 3.8 0.0 1.8 0.3 -0.4 4.1 -1.7 0.2 2.4 0.7 0.1 1.1 1.3 7.6 7.2 -5.4 -1.4 6.4 7.4 -25.8 7.8 0.5 -1.3 1.3 -6.2 -1.1 1.6 -6.9 0.2 -0.6 1.8 -2.5 15.2 4.0 -1.7 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 -1.3 -2.1 2.1 -3.5 0.8 -5.4 0.5 0.9 4.7 -1.7 10.7 -1.9 -1.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.6 2.5 -1.1 0.1 All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January. Seasonal tests did not indicate the presence of seasonality. Data shown is not seasonally adjusted. 3 Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers. p Preliminary ″-″ Data not available. NOTE: The term ″(partial)″ denotes incomplete coverage of the index category. 2 28 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted [April 2023, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Commodity Other code index Group Item base code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Dec. 2022 Jan. 2023p Feb. 2023p Mar. 2023p Apr. 2023p Final Demand Final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods, crude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods, processed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer energy goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods less foods and energy2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable consumer goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods, excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods excluding foods, energy, and capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods for export, excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand trade services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of finished goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of personal consumption goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of private capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of government purchased goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of government purchased goods, excluding capital equipment. . . Trade of government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of private passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of government passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of finished goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of personal consumption goods. . . . . Transportation and warehousing of private capital equipment. . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of government purchased goods. . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . Finished services less trade, transportation, and warehousing2. . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gov. purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing, excl. capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services for export less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . Final demand construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction for private capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction for government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 4 41 411 4111 41113 41112 4112 4113 412 4121 4122 4123 413 4131 41311 413111 413112 41312 413121 413122 4132 140.721 143.188 156.904 275.957 422.926 260.770 154.300 163.255 145.646 224.488 162.174 148.122 138.813 242.696 269.999 347.966 189.498 208.113 221.830 204.008 135.876 141.288 144.976 154.851 272.411 349.590 263.858 154.330 159.919 153.567 236.991 173.861 150.184 139.662 244.370 271.794 350.738 190.448 209.607 223.872 205.335 136.249 141.320 144.396 151.324 265.304 283.542 262.387 152.385 157.954 152.374 236.982 168.238 144.569 140.096 245.214 273.060 353.093 190.742 210.044 224.596 205.687 136.287 140.804 142.882 151.756 267.395 294.912 263.587 152.901 154.923 143.279 221.540 159.843 141.707 140.395 245.859 273.486 353.536 191.127 210.854 225.460 206.481 136.441 141.132 143.131 151.047 265.958 300.935 261.446 151.267 155.072 144.434 226.657 153.216 135.052 140.630 246.033 273.623 354.101 190.904 211.051 225.838 206.626 136.402 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 41321 41322 4133 42 423 4231 42311 42312 4232 42321 42322 4233 422 4221 42211 42212 42213 4222 42221 422211 422212 42222 42223 421 4211 145.793 121.479 136.263 138.402 152.566 151.363 150.610 152.981 161.018 163.332 156.015 160.701 156.424 136.639 136.638 136.405 136.654 163.245 162.121 162.309 161.371 159.863 167.777 130.202 130.660 146.330 121.652 137.054 138.393 150.807 149.486 149.295 148.573 158.509 162.508 150.893 160.291 155.666 139.795 139.788 139.527 139.835 160.994 159.604 159.916 158.345 158.487 165.922 130.980 131.324 146.219 121.868 137.521 138.699 151.168 149.919 149.827 148.557 159.073 163.017 151.539 159.890 154.440 138.351 138.346 138.100 138.378 159.860 158.349 158.694 156.955 157.830 164.963 131.422 131.679 146.236 122.184 137.738 138.609 150.508 149.086 148.660 149.240 158.600 162.884 150.538 160.806 153.473 139.403 139.397 139.142 139.438 158.106 156.521 156.894 155.014 156.341 163.310 131.652 132.002 146.138 122.218 138.288 138.998 151.198 149.660 149.421 148.960 160.297 165.930 150.115 162.197 150.838 135.366 135.368 135.149 135.368 156.037 154.332 154.736 152.698 154.534 161.447 132.233 132.581 FD 42111 129.951 130.638 131.029 131.366 132.028 FD 42112 137.268 137.776 137.855 138.067 138.007 FD 4212 121.350 122.349 122.546 122.431 123.082 FD 42121 121.922 122.890 123.052 122.931 123.673 FD FD FD FD FD 42122 4213 43 431 432 107.234 134.477 173.293 177.474 165.484 108.726 136.675 176.527 180.849 168.440 109.384 138.659 176.570 180.865 168.541 109.367 137.941 176.827 181.081 168.887 108.712 138.483 176.326 180.588 168.365 04/10 04/10 FD FD 49101 49102 138.281 138.747 138.833 139.206 138.844 139.287 138.307 138.810 138.662 139.205 04/10 04/10 FD FD 49103 49104 138.026 137.692 138.258 137.947 138.597 138.271 138.586 138.272 138.939 138.603 04/10 FD 49105 138.120 138.832 139.069 138.464 138.868 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 Final Demand Special Groupings Final demand less exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods and energy4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 29 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Final demand less foods4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods plus final demand distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods, energy, and trade services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private and government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private and government purchased capital investment services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private and government purchased capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods and energy2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less energy2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods less energy2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods, excluding foods2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital investment services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished distributive services2, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services less trade services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services less distributive services2, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction). . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods plus finished distributive services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total government purchases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total government purchased capital investment (goods, services, construction).. . Government purchases, defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchases, non-defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods (finished consumer goods). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption nondurable goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods, energy, and trade services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods, energy, and distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods plus personal consumption distributive services5. . . Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Dec. 2022 Jan. 2023p Feb. 2023p Mar. 2023p Apr. 2023p 04/10 04/10 01/10 01/10 01/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 08/13 08/13 08/13 08/13 01/10 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 49106 49107 49108 49109 49111 49112 49113 49114 49115 49116 49117 49118 49119 49201 137.735 138.527 136.384 135.392 141.257 137.212 131.515 151.139 144.434 126.154 125.575 133.640 133.222 139.212 138.440 138.652 137.442 136.597 141.479 139.775 132.143 149.328 144.689 126.878 126.377 132.210 133.199 139.650 138.668 138.758 137.401 136.603 141.049 139.823 132.424 149.452 144.408 127.174 126.635 132.210 133.299 139.719 138.108 138.784 136.923 136.179 141.374 137.936 132.540 148.637 143.205 127.332 127.101 132.413 133.602 139.212 138.488 139.055 137.167 136.522 141.402 138.379 132.815 148.887 143.450 127.558 127.209 132.150 133.450 139.658 12/10 01/10 FD FD 49202 49203 137.428 138.246 137.546 138.373 137.852 138.685 137.860 138.695 138.192 139.029 12/10 01/10 01/10 00/82 00/82 00/82 01/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 00/82 04/10 04/10 00/82 04/10 08/13 05/15 05/15 01/10 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/14 04/14 04/14 08/13 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 49204 49205 49206 49207 49208 49209 49210 49211 49212 49213 49214 49215 49216 49301 49302 49303 49401 49402 49403 49404 49405 49406 49501 49502 49503 49504 49508 49505 49506 49507 49510 49511 49512 49509 136.998 138.360 139.170 254.047 250.802 247.573 136.943 143.769 149.552 131.371 129.939 141.205 145.464 139.623 234.872 147.856 136.013 234.963 130.462 130.760 122.844 130.538 138.668 273.662 273.188 270.664 305.935 135.372 135.115 134.364 126.793 123.103 122.491 134.135 137.554 138.929 139.179 257.715 251.077 253.180 136.825 142.272 147.622 131.913 130.652 141.099 145.573 140.196 235.580 148.684 137.711 240.297 130.846 131.289 124.441 132.117 139.234 278.196 272.665 278.700 317.355 135.469 136.139 135.518 126.969 123.706 123.220 134.518 137.839 139.220 139.254 256.703 249.772 253.775 137.111 142.234 147.844 132.145 130.966 141.180 145.386 140.348 235.312 149.268 137.157 237.647 131.016 131.547 123.767 131.633 139.301 276.550 270.268 279.390 318.221 135.804 136.090 135.510 127.312 124.004 123.582 134.272 137.241 138.621 139.328 253.364 250.805 249.015 137.049 142.498 146.907 132.368 131.302 141.527 143.969 140.039 234.749 148.976 136.296 234.431 130.805 131.672 123.206 130.722 138.600 271.394 271.424 271.185 306.176 135.692 135.508 134.970 127.239 124.234 123.895 132.482 137.751 139.136 139.599 254.532 250.543 250.867 137.448 142.230 147.136 132.702 131.775 141.382 144.418 140.143 234.910 149.096 135.784 231.346 131.379 131.413 121.700 130.700 139.181 272.986 270.872 274.057 310.431 136.192 136.041 135.600 127.665 124.577 124.340 133.046 00/82 00/82 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 1 11 111 1111 1112 1113 112 1121 1122 12 121 122 13 131 261.622 236.948 149.728 260.262 279.782 281.260 185.345 147.914 130.635 349.119 166.392 177.204 261.502 274.315 264.503 236.771 149.072 260.866 278.957 278.733 186.382 147.445 131.425 349.236 165.444 178.085 275.384 282.031 263.232 236.342 148.438 254.759 275.886 282.121 186.814 147.379 131.749 349.265 165.738 177.862 270.792 271.285 260.950 236.000 147.933 254.780 273.989 281.892 187.160 146.894 132.028 350.946 165.981 179.189 259.813 268.988 260.015 236.775 148.491 251.890 274.125 285.819 187.620 147.276 132.352 351.111 166.180 179.171 253.919 259.678 Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Processed goods Processed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials and components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials and components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 See footnotes at end of table. 30 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Processed fuels and lubricants to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . Containers for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, other than feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Dec. 2022 Jan. 2023p Feb. 2023p Mar. 2023p Apr. 2023p 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 132 14 15 151 152 1521 1522 257.765 314.975 252.603 247.944 251.323 255.506 252.903 273.550 314.404 253.475 247.383 252.409 254.125 254.218 270.861 313.859 252.913 247.245 251.785 248.408 254.247 257.184 312.149 252.871 247.176 251.748 244.439 254.717 252.343 311.677 252.371 247.187 251.172 240.661 254.550 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 2 21 22 221 2211 295.882 255.975 312.297 328.779 304.903 282.189 241.143 299.774 330.741 306.373 268.759 238.718 279.288 336.897 312.263 257.784 237.180 262.244 323.396 299.193 262.120 233.891 271.653 347.467 322.293 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 2212 222 2221 2222 331.393 266.390 273.341 273.598 342.553 226.895 262.832 231.385 344.310 157.013 238.352 157.016 344.228 134.083 229.467 132.662 349.390 115.322 224.540 112.606 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 3 33 331 332 32 321 3211 3212 322 3221 142.892 168.640 153.102 151.010 157.095 136.468 136.630 136.509 159.338 135.475 144.254 169.895 156.218 150.233 157.642 139.589 139.809 139.625 159.655 134.200 144.719 169.336 155.501 149.933 157.519 138.162 138.353 138.201 159.654 133.683 144.457 170.969 158.639 149.816 156.504 139.204 139.412 139.241 158.444 132.656 145.431 173.460 161.065 151.888 155.204 135.212 135.345 135.257 157.395 131.312 Unprocessed goods Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to manufacturing industries. . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services Services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for intermediate demand3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for manufacturing industries. . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12/12 12/12 12/12 12/12 ID6 3222 141.436 142.178 142.328 141.254 140.454 ID6 31 133.399 134.922 135.713 135.178 136.229 ID6 311 125.062 126.514 126.907 127.117 127.773 ID6 312 133.665 135.190 135.995 135.434 136.499 ID6 4 141.372 142.459 142.747 143.366 144.500 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 9111 9112 9113 9118 9115 9116 9117 9211 9212 9213 9216 262.335 254.931 262.716 258.201 258.136 162.178 147.607 315.531 258.464 305.060 449.759 265.451 255.510 276.662 258.357 258.225 163.031 148.970 301.013 239.392 296.210 459.701 264.584 250.278 272.049 257.921 258.408 162.719 148.382 277.649 212.898 294.831 461.557 262.140 249.595 261.019 257.816 258.377 163.112 147.587 260.137 191.825 292.941 458.623 261.413 246.622 255.097 258.117 259.099 164.053 147.473 270.458 201.761 292.471 466.844 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 4 41 411 4111 4112 4113 412 4123 4122 41221 41222 4121 42 146.305 145.737 140.600 157.994 179.883 137.688 162.871 173.458 139.854 136.653 149.743 126.552 142.432 147.755 146.378 140.668 157.960 173.292 137.826 165.357 176.522 139.975 139.835 149.267 127.759 144.374 147.812 146.258 140.762 156.175 172.173 138.218 164.537 175.331 138.865 138.377 148.153 128.175 144.518 147.506 146.736 140.328 152.862 179.121 138.161 168.002 180.279 138.211 139.437 147.118 128.333 143.767 148.130 147.178 140.341 152.399 160.147 138.407 169.853 182.838 136.904 135.367 146.269 128.966 144.464 Construction Construction for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Special Groupings Processed materials less foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed energy goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intermediate distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed goods plus intermediate distributive services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed materials less agricultural products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed energy materials7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 04/10 04/10 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Stage 4 Intermediate Demand Stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 31 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Dec. 2022 Jan. 2023p Feb. 2023p Mar. 2023p Apr. 2023p Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 421 4211 4212 4213 422 4223 4222 42221 42222 4221 423 43 431 4312 4313 432 4323 4322 43221 43222 4321 146.063 150.655 142.193 146.216 140.978 158.559 149.218 136.121 152.056 137.238 141.372 161.303 165.435 159.881 169.826 150.698 167.012 156.692 142.444 157.863 129.000 148.688 150.773 148.512 147.294 142.721 159.460 151.638 139.273 154.367 138.984 142.459 162.426 166.796 170.397 170.296 151.205 169.012 154.317 145.755 155.342 129.393 147.917 148.426 147.179 147.342 143.170 158.622 152.195 137.830 155.272 139.559 142.747 162.513 167.026 171.183 170.476 150.943 168.548 152.908 144.238 153.928 129.746 146.830 148.672 143.214 147.521 142.530 159.513 151.626 138.880 154.421 138.750 143.366 162.309 166.477 157.298 171.233 151.584 170.826 151.183 145.341 152.125 129.854 145.998 146.381 142.079 147.322 143.735 161.860 150.657 134.849 153.977 140.047 144.500 163.027 167.192 163.469 171.425 152.310 172.605 149.077 141.106 150.060 130.719 Stage 3 Intermediate Demand Stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 3 31 311 3111 3112 3113 312 3123 3122 31221 31222 3121 32 321 3211 3212 3213 322 3223 3222 32221 32222 3221 323 33 331 3313 332 3323 3322 33222 3321 148.987 162.575 159.712 189.098 153.779 151.966 162.630 166.057 157.523 145.496 157.960 130.097 137.907 133.523 161.754 138.051 136.138 138.894 191.580 161.027 104.488 161.521 130.154 141.372 140.365 135.705 172.920 164.206 168.924 115.318 121.723 121.955 149.322 160.413 156.454 178.874 155.556 151.312 164.830 170.842 155.620 148.882 155.771 131.470 140.084 140.410 165.552 149.169 136.590 139.894 189.371 162.485 104.461 162.986 131.214 142.459 139.748 135.073 172.116 163.805 168.347 115.798 122.230 124.394 148.886 159.861 155.882 175.796 151.838 151.963 164.394 170.571 154.453 147.331 154.627 131.940 139.757 137.320 162.686 143.997 136.725 140.279 191.630 162.739 104.461 163.242 131.522 142.747 138.270 134.905 171.901 160.616 164.816 115.395 121.804 124.407 148.068 160.043 155.756 175.567 153.702 151.766 165.731 173.822 153.050 148.459 153.085 132.155 138.211 132.553 161.128 136.141 136.672 139.544 189.120 161.547 104.612 162.043 131.017 143.366 138.106 134.437 171.304 160.780 165.013 115.036 121.425 124.411 147.915 159.752 155.122 172.027 147.467 152.660 166.752 176.551 151.156 144.127 151.329 133.055 138.156 128.496 156.981 129.613 136.418 140.515 192.403 160.811 104.349 161.304 132.320 144.500 138.182 134.203 171.007 161.225 165.446 115.078 121.469 125.246 Stage 2 Intermediate Demand Stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 2 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 2 21 211 2111 2112 2113 212 2123 2122 21221 21222 2121 213 140.847 136.226 137.143 175.423 114.025 146.310 146.823 164.707 167.086 136.996 168.818 130.772 141.372 139.425 132.654 132.085 171.161 106.113 146.772 147.822 164.986 167.680 140.050 169.339 133.190 142.459 137.418 127.644 125.151 169.739 95.067 146.981 148.646 164.306 168.572 138.658 170.344 135.843 142.747 134.351 123.069 119.032 164.758 85.690 147.395 148.674 165.329 168.280 139.680 169.987 135.031 143.366 135.928 125.316 121.560 163.996 89.463 148.075 150.229 169.693 167.195 135.776 169.037 136.170 144.500 See footnotes at end of table. 32 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Dec. 2022 Jan. 2023p Feb. 2023p Mar. 2023p Apr. 2023p Inputs to stage 2 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 22 221 2211 2212 2213 222 2223 2222 22221 22222 2221 223 141.690 146.250 130.684 170.176 145.207 140.720 191.446 154.194 137.070 157.945 138.197 141.372 143.012 147.330 128.855 183.673 145.513 142.076 183.363 151.803 140.239 154.525 140.286 142.459 144.837 146.857 125.852 180.738 145.232 144.212 183.360 150.231 138.789 152.924 142.812 142.747 143.768 146.097 122.091 168.103 145.283 143.071 176.663 147.899 139.845 149.959 142.016 143.366 144.450 145.746 120.853 164.150 145.178 143.868 177.863 145.737 135.792 148.138 143.017 144.500 Stage 1 Intermediate Demand Stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 1 11 111 1111 1112 1113 112 1123 1122 11221 11222 1121 113 12 121 1211 1212 1213 122 1223 1222 12221 12222 1221 123 13 131 1312 1313 132 1323 1322 13222 1321 145.774 148.555 148.992 171.021 141.624 150.841 151.101 165.222 157.910 136.627 161.472 107.744 141.372 142.986 147.789 229.169 163.798 147.744 140.279 169.573 143.181 136.545 161.971 135.371 141.372 162.512 164.062 156.309 167.676 159.485 164.805 131.419 135.936 135.241 146.921 149.391 149.036 170.405 145.077 150.201 154.174 170.264 157.790 139.808 160.462 108.323 142.459 144.481 150.914 223.785 172.069 148.745 141.113 168.851 145.168 139.724 163.552 136.173 142.459 163.010 165.319 165.986 167.958 158.400 164.720 128.605 133.025 136.039 146.396 148.894 148.507 168.970 142.721 150.238 153.755 169.047 158.688 138.351 161.928 108.773 142.747 144.057 149.659 187.370 168.225 148.872 141.039 170.227 144.590 138.268 163.378 136.025 142.747 161.885 164.601 159.505 167.906 156.296 162.245 127.489 131.871 135.804 145.852 148.176 147.075 161.538 140.335 150.003 155.039 171.716 158.360 139.410 161.263 108.359 143.366 143.489 147.905 199.063 161.983 149.025 140.970 170.263 144.321 139.327 162.376 135.975 143.366 161.913 164.471 152.648 168.566 156.701 163.424 125.789 130.113 136.423 145.910 148.012 146.342 160.206 132.584 150.991 156.484 173.835 156.976 135.341 160.554 109.141 144.500 143.767 147.195 205.030 158.704 149.429 141.661 172.131 142.478 135.260 161.514 136.901 144.500 161.564 163.892 145.264 168.779 156.898 164.455 123.710 127.962 137.167 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 9411 9412 9413 9414 9415 9416 9311 9312 9313 9314 9315 9316 9211 9212 9213 9214 9215 9216 9111 144.137 144.648 140.201 151.442 134.243 145.677 145.265 141.978 140.201 168.099 137.782 143.495 131.425 142.633 140.201 175.890 112.271 137.719 134.288 145.236 146.400 141.279 151.477 140.265 146.091 144.653 143.147 141.279 159.107 147.287 143.032 127.211 143.906 141.279 171.630 104.750 138.120 135.419 145.100 146.626 141.565 149.494 139.354 146.359 143.504 143.359 141.565 156.368 142.423 143.562 121.243 145.738 141.565 170.171 94.019 138.210 134.705 144.459 146.633 142.178 147.753 134.590 146.542 142.256 142.980 142.178 156.154 136.126 143.388 115.942 144.870 142.178 165.177 84.801 138.521 133.532 144.362 147.889 143.303 146.530 134.092 146.682 140.830 143.947 143.303 152.999 129.763 144.049 118.067 145.850 143.303 164.402 88.414 138.991 132.911 Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Special Groupings Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 See footnotes at end of table. 33 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [April 2023, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Total Total Total Total Total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 1 9112 9117 9114 9115 9116 Seasonally adjusted index1 Dec. 2022 Jan. 2023p Feb. 2023p Mar. 2023p Apr. 2023p 142.677 140.201 162.192 148.862 127.121 143.749 141.279 161.492 154.977 127.179 143.480 141.565 159.326 151.629 127.217 143.678 142.178 152.784 147.065 127.274 144.463 143.303 151.702 141.802 127.813 All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January. PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand. 3 Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers. 4 The PPI definition of foods does not include food and beverages for immediate consumption. PPI defines food and beverages for immediate consumption as the service of preparing meals, snacks, and beverages to customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption. 5 Distributive services include transportation, warehousing, and trade of goods. 6 Includes intermediate trade, transportation, and warehousing services. 7 Includes crude petroleum. 8 Excludes crude petroleum. p Preliminary ″-″ Data not available. 2 34
@FedFRASER