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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, April 11, 2024 Technical information: (202) 691-7705 • ppi-info@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ppi Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov USDL 24-0655 PRODUCER PRICE INDEXES – MARCH 2024 The Producer Price Index for final demand rose 0.2 percent in March, seasonally adjusted, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Final demand prices moved up 0.6 percent in February and 0.4 percent in January. (See table A.) On an unadjusted basis, the index for final demand increased 2.1 percent for the 12 months ended in March, the largest advance since rising 2.3 percent for the 12 months ended April 2023. The March increase in the index for final demand is attributable to a 0.3-percent rise in prices for final demand services. In contrast, the index for final demand goods edged down 0.1 percent. The index for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services moved up 0.2 percent in March after rising 0.3 percent in February. For the 12 months ended in March, prices for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services increased 2.8 percent. Chart 1. One-month percent changes in selected PPI final demand price indexes, seasonally adjusted Percent change 2.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 Mar'23 Apr May June Final demand July Aug Sep Oct Final demand goods Nov Dec Jan Final demand services Feb Mar'24 Chart 2. Twelve-month percent changes in selected PPI final demand price indexes, not seasonally adjusted Percent change 4.0 2.0 0.0 -2.0 -4.0 -6.0 Mar'23 Apr May June Final demand July Aug Sep Oct Final demand goods Nov Dec Jan Final demand services Feb Mar'24 Final Demand Final demand services: The index for final demand services moved up 0.3 percent in March, the third consecutive rise. Leading the broad-based March increase, prices for final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing advanced 0.2 percent. The indexes for final demand trade services and for final demand transportation and warehousing services moved up 0.3 percent and 0.8 percent, respectively. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.) Product detail: A major factor in the March increase in prices for final demand services was the index for securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services, which rose 3.1 percent. The indexes for professional and commercial equipment wholesaling; airline passenger services; investment banking; deposit services (partial); and computer hardware, software, and supplies retailing also moved higher. Conversely, prices for traveler accommodation services decreased 3.8 percent. The indexes for automobiles retailing (partial) and for machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling also fell. (See table 2.) Final demand goods: Prices for final demand goods decreased 0.1 percent in March after rising 1.2 percent in February. The decline is attributable to the index for final demand energy, which moved down 1.6 percent. In contrast, prices for final demand foods and for final demand goods less foods and energy advanced 0.8 percent and 0.1 percent, respectively. Product detail: Leading the March decline in the index for final demand goods, prices for gasoline decreased 3.6 percent. The indexes for chicken eggs, carbon steel scrap, jet fuel, and fresh fruits and melons also fell. Conversely, prices for processed poultry jumped 10.7 percent. The indexes for fresh and dry vegetables, residential electric power, and motor vehicles also moved higher. 2 Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Within intermediate demand in March, prices for processed goods declined 0.5 percent, the index for unprocessed goods fell 1.9 percent, and prices for services rose 0.2 percent. (See tables B and C.) Processed goods for intermediate demand: In March, the index for processed goods for intermediate demand moved down 0.5 percent, the largest decline since falling 0.7 percent in November 2023. Leading the March decrease, prices for processed energy goods dropped 1.5 percent. The index for processed materials less foods and energy moved down 0.4 percent. In contrast, prices for processed foods and feeds advanced 0.6 percent. For the 12 months ended in March, the index for processed goods for intermediate demand fell 1.7 percent. Product detail: A major factor in the March decline in prices for processed goods for intermediate demand was the index for natural gas to electric utilities, which decreased 6.4 percent. Prices for ethanol, cold rolled steel sheet and strip, gasoline, commercial electric power, and prepared animal feeds also fell. Conversely, the index for processed poultry jumped 10.7 percent. Prices for primary basic organic chemicals and for diesel fuel also rose. Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand: The index for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand moved down 1.9 percent in March following a 0.7-percent decline in February. The March decrease can be attributed to prices for unprocessed energy materials, which fell 6.9 percent. In contrast, the index for unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs advanced 2.2 percent, and prices for unprocessed nonfood materials less energy increased 0.2 percent. For the 12 months ended in March, the index for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand dropped 7.1 percent. Product detail: Leading the March decrease in prices for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand, the index for natural gas dropped 37.0 percent. Prices for carbon steel scrap, slaughter chickens, crude petroleum, fresh fruits and melons, and ungraded chicken eggs also fell. Conversely, the index for livestock increased 5.4 percent. Prices for nonferrous metal ores and for corn also rose. 3 Services for intermediate demand: Prices for services for intermediate demand moved up 0.2 percent in March after no change in February. The advance can be traced to a 0.3-percent increase in the index for services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand. Both margins for trade services for intermediate demand and prices for transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand were unchanged. For the 12 months ended in March, the index for services for intermediate demand rose 3.6 percent. Product detail: More than half of the March increase in the index for services for intermediate demand can be attributed to a 3.1-percent advance in prices for securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services. The indexes for investment banking; metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling; deposit services (partial); gross rents for office buildings; and airline passenger services also moved higher. In contrast, prices for television advertising time sales fell 8.4 percent. The indexes for arrangement of freight and cargo transportation and for machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling also decreased. Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Stage 4 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 4 intermediate demand moved up 0.2 percent in March, the fifth consecutive rise. In March, the index for total services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand advanced 0.4 percent. In contrast, prices for total goods inputs declined 0.2 percent. Increases in the indexes for securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services; investment banking; processed poultry; metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling; gross rents for office buildings; and food and alcohol wholesaling outweighed decreases in the indexes for gasoline; machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling; and gross rents for retail properties. For the 12 months ended in March, prices for stage 4 intermediate demand rose 2.1 percent. 4 Stage 3 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 3 intermediate demand were unchanged in March after increasing 1.0 percent in February. In March, the index for total goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand edged down 0.1 percent, while the index for total services inputs was unchanged. Falling prices for jet fuel, slaughter chickens, arrangement of freight and cargo transportation, cold rolled steel sheet and strip, and television advertising time sales offset advances in the indexes for livestock; raw milk; primary basic organic chemicals; corn; and metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling. For the 12 months ended in March, prices for stage 3 intermediate demand decreased 0.4 percent. Stage 2 intermediate demand: The index for stage 2 intermediate demand decreased 1.3 percent in March, the largest decline since falling 1.4 percent in May 2023. In March, prices for total goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand dropped 3.1 percent, while the index for total services inputs was unchanged. Declining prices for gas fuels, carbon steel scrap, broadcast and network television advertising time sales, ethanol, crude petroleum, and arrangement of freight and cargo transportation outweighed increases in the indexes for deposit services (partial), primary basic organic chemicals, and nonferrous metal ores. For the 12 months ended in March, prices for stage 2 intermediate demand fell 0.4 percent. Stage 1 intermediate demand: The index for stage 1 intermediate demand edged down 0.1 percent in March after increasing 0.4 percent in February. In March, prices for total goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand declined 0.7 percent. Conversely, the index for total services inputs moved up 0.5 percent. Decreasing prices for carbon steel scrap, ethanol, traveler accommodation services, natural gas to electric utilities, and cold rolled steel sheet and strip outweighed increases in the indexes for securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services; investment banking; primary basic organic chemicals; and metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling. For the 12 months ended in March, prices for stage 1 intermediate demand advanced 0.2 percent, the first increase since rising 0.7 percent in the 12 months ended March 2023. ________________ The Producer Price Index for April 2024 is scheduled to be released on Tuesday, May 14, 2024, at 8:30 a.m. (ET). 5 Technical Note Brief Explanation of Producer Price Indexes from the Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the U.S. In many cases, the same commodity is purchased by different types of buyers. As a result, commodities are often included in several FD-ID indexes. For example, regular gasoline is purchased for personal consumption, export, government use, and business use. The PPI program publishes only one commodity index for regular gasoline (wpu057104), reflecting sales to all types of buyers, and this index is used in all aggregations regardless of whether the gasoline is sold for personal consumption, as an export, to government, or to businesses. Proportions based on BEA “Use of Commodities” data are used to allocate the correct portion of the total weight of gasoline to each use category. In cases when buyer type is an important price determining characteristic, indexes are created based on specific buyer type. For example, within the PPI category for loan services, separate indexes for consumer loans and business loans were constructed. For more information relating to the FD-ID structure, see “A new, experimental system of indexes from the PPI program” in the February 2011 Monthly Labor Review. The Producer Price Index (PPI) of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is a family of indexes that measures the average change over time in prices received (price changes) by producers for domestically produced goods, services, and construction. PPIs measure price change from the perspective of the seller. This contrasts with other measures, such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI). CPIs measure price change from the purchaser’s perspective. More than 10,000 PPIs for individual products and groups of products are released each month. PPIs are available for the products of virtually every industry in the mining and manufacturing sectors. Over time, new PPIs have been introduced for products of industries in the services and construction sectors of the U.S. economy. As of January 2023, the PPI covered 69 percent of services as measured by 2017 Census revenue, and 17 percent of construction. More than 64,000 price quotations per month are organized into three sets of PPIs: (1) Final demandIntermediate demand (FD-ID) indexes, (2) commodity indexes, and (3) indexes for the net output of industries and their products. The FD-ID structure organizes products by class of buyer and degree of fabrication as well as by stage of production. The commodity structure organizes products by similarity of end use or product type. The entire output of various industries is sampled to derive price indexes for the net output of industries and their products. Final Demand: The final demand portion of the FD-ID structure measures price change for commodities sold for personal consumption, capital investment, government, and export. The system is composed of six main price indexes: final demand goods; final demand trade services; final demand transportation and warehousing services; final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing; final demand construction; and overall final demand. The final demand goods index measures price change for both unprocessed and processed goods sold to final demand. Fresh fruits sold to consumers and computers sold for capital investment are examples of transactions included in the final demand goods price index. The final demand trade services index measures price change for the retailing and wholesaling of merchandise sold to final demand, generally without transformation. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.) The final demand transportation and warehousing services index tracks price change for transportation of passengers, as well as, transportation of cargo sold to final demand, and also includes prices for warehousing and storage of goods sold to final demand. The final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index measures price change for all services other than trade and transportation sold to final demand. Publishing, banking, lodging, and health care are examples of these services. The final demand construction index tracks price change for new construction, as well as maintenance and repair construction sold to final demand. Construction of office buildings is an example of a commodity that would be included in the final demand construction index. Lastly, the overall final demand index tracks price change for all types of commodities sold to final demand by combining the five final demand component indexes described above. Final Demand–Intermediate Demand Indexes The PPI FD-ID structure measures price change for goods, services, and construction sold to final demand and to intermediate demand. The FD-ID system replaced the PPI stage-of-processing (SOP) system as PPI’s primary aggregation model with the release of data for January 2014. The FD-ID model expands coverage beyond that of the SOP system through the addition of services, construction, exports, and government purchases. Compared with finished goods under the SOP system, the PPI for final demand goods includes nearly a 50 percent expansion of coverage. This increase can be traced to the addition of government purchases and exports. For overall final demand, expansion to include final demand services represents an even larger increase in coverage. In December 2022, final demand goods were about 30.7 percent of overall final demand, final demand services were roughly 66.6 percent, and final demand construction was about 2.7 percent of final demand. Within intermediate demand, coverage of services for intermediate demand resulted in about a 45 percent increase in coverage of the intermediate demand portion of the economy. FD-ID indexes are constructed from commodity-based producer output price indexes. Commodities are allocated to aggregate indexes primarily based on the type of buyer. The main source of data used to determine the type of buyer is the “Use of commodities by industries, before redefinition,” table Intermediate Demand: The intermediate demand portion of the FD-ID system tracks price change for goods, services, and construction products sold to businesses as inputs to 6 production, excluding capital investment. The system includes two parallel treatments of intermediate demand. The first treatment organizes intermediate demand commodities by type. The second organizes intermediate demand commodities into production stages, with the explicit goal of developing a forward-flow model of production and price change. The intermediate demand by commodity type portion of the system organizes commodities by similarity of product. The system is composed of six main price indexes: unprocessed goods for intermediate demand; processed goods for intermediate demand; intermediate demand trade services; intermediate demand transportation and warehousing services; intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing; and intermediate demand construction. The unprocessed goods for intermediate demand price index measures price change for goods sold to businesses as inputs to production that have undergone no fabrication. Crude petroleum sold to refineries is an example of an unprocessed good sold to intermediate demand. The processed goods for intermediate demand index tracks price change for fabricated goods sold as business inputs. Examples include car parts sold to car manufacturers and gasoline sold to trucking companies. The index for trade services for intermediate demand measures price change for the services of retailing and wholesaling goods purchased by businesses as inputs to production. The intermediate demand transportation and warehousing services index measures price change for business travel, as well as, transportation and warehousing of cargo sold to intermediate demand. The intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index measures price change for services other than trade, transportation, and warehousing sold as inputs to production. Legal and accounting services purchased by businesses are examples of intermediate demand services excluding trade, transportation, and warehousing. Finally, the construction for intermediate demand index measures price change for construction purchased by firms as inputs to production. The index for construction for intermediate demand tracks price change for maintenance and repair construction purchased by firms. The production flow treatment of intermediate demand is a stage-based system of price indexes. These indexes can be used to study price transmission across stages of production and final demand. This system is constructed in a manner that maximizes forward flow of production between stages, while minimizing back-flow of production. The production flow treatment contains four main indexes: intermediate demand stage 1, intermediate demand stage 2, intermediate demand stage 3, and intermediate demand stage 4. Indexes for the four stages were developed by first assigning each industry in the economy to one of four stages of production, where industries assigned to the fourth stage primarily produce output consumed as final demand, industries in the third stage primarily produce output consumed by stage 4 industries, industries assigned to the second stage primarily produce output consumed by stage 3 industries, and industries assigned to the first stage produce output primarily consumed by stage 2 industries. The four indexes then track prices for the net inputs consumed by industries in each of the four stages of production. The stage 4 intermediate demand index, for example, tracks price change for inputs consumed, but not produced, by industries included in the fourth stage of production. Hence, the index tracks price change in inputs to industries that primarily produce final demand commodities (stage 4 producers primarily produce commodities sold to final demand). Examples of heavily weighted goods-producing industries in stage 4 include the manufacture of light trucks and utility vehicles, automobiles, and pharmaceuticals. Retail trade, food service and drinking places, and hospitals are examples of heavily weighted service industries included in stage 4. Stage 4 also includes all new construction industries. Examples of goods consumed by stage 4 industries include motor vehicle parts, commercial electric power, plastic construction products, biological products, and beef and veal. Engineering services, machinery and equipment wholesaling, long distance motor carrying, and legal services constitute examples of services consumed by stage 4 industries. Examples of highly weighted goods-producing industries included in stage 3 are motor vehicle parts manufacturing, animal (except poultry) slaughtering and processing, and semiconductor manufacturing. Services industries classified in stage 3 include wholesale trade; insurance carriers; architecture, engineering, and related services; and hotels and motels. Examples of goods consumed by stage 3 industries include slaughter steers and heifers, industrial electric power, and hot rolled steel bars, plates, and structural shapes. Services commonly consumed by stage 3 industries include commissions from sales of property and casualty insurance, business loans, temporary help services, and administrative and general management consulting services. Petroleum refineries; electricity generation, transmission, and distribution; natural gas distribution; cattle ranching and farming; and plastic materials and resin manufacturing are among the goods-based industries assigned to stage 2. Services industries that are heavily weighted in stage 2 include management of companies and enterprises; non-depository credit intermediation; insurance agencies and brokerages; and services to buildings and dwellings. Goods commonly purchased by stage 2 industries include crude oil, natural gas, formula feeds, and primary basic organic chemicals. Services that are heavily weighted in the intermediate demand stage 2 index are legal services, business loans, and cellular phone and other wireless telecommunication. Goods producing industries in stage 1 include oil and gas extraction, paper mills, and grain farming. Real estate, legal services, and advertising services are examples of highly weighted services industries included in stage 1. Examples of goods consumed by stage 1 industries are commercial and industrial electric power and gasoline. Services commonly consumed by stage 1 industries include solid waste collection, chemicals and allied products wholesaling, and guestroom or unit rental. It should be noted that all inputs purchased by stage 1 industries are by definition produced either within stage 1 or by latter stages of processing, leaving stage 1 less useful for price transmission analysis. For additional information on industry stage assignments, see www.bls.gov/ppi/fd-id/ppi-intermediate-demand-byproduction-flow-industry-stage-assignments.htm. 7 Comparing the PPI with CPI addition, most industries have secondary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments for products chiefly made in some other industry. Some industries have miscellaneous receipts indexes that track price changes for other sources of revenue received by establishments within the industry that are not derived from sales of their products; for example, resales of purchased materials, or revenues from parking lots owned by a manufacturing plant. Although some data users utilize the PPI as a potential indicator of the Consumer Price Index (CPI), there are many reasons why the PPI and the CPI may diverge. The scope of the personal consumption portion of the PPI includes all marketable output sold by domestic producers for households. The scope of the CPI includes goods and services provided by business or government, where explicit user charges are paid by consumers. For example, the most heavily weighted item in the CPI, owners’ equivalent rent, is excluded from the PPI. The scope of the CPI includes imports. The PPI excludes imports. The CPI only includes components of personal consumption directly paid for by the consumers, while the PPI includes components of personal consumption that may not be paid for by consumers. For example, the PPI includes medical services paid for by third parties. In contrast to CPI, PPI does not completely cover services. PPIs exclude taxes, since they do not represent producer revenue. Conversely, sales and other taxes paid by consumers are part of household expenditure and are included in the CPI. Additional technical differences between PPI and CPI also exist. For more information see “Comparing new final demand producer price indexes with other Government price indexes,” Monthly Labor Review, January 2014, at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/. Data Collection PPIs are constructed using selling prices reported by establishments of all sizes, selected by probability sampling, with the probability of selection proportionate to size. Individual items and transaction terms also are chosen by probability proportionate to size. BLS strongly encourages cooperating companies to supply actual transaction prices at the time of shipment to minimize the use of list prices. Prices submitted by survey respondents are effective on the Tuesday of the week containing the 13th day of the month. The survey is conducted online via the BLS Internet Data Collection Facility (IDCF). Data provided by survey respondents are supplemented with data from other sources for some areas. Price data are provided by survey respondents on a voluntary and confidential basis; only sworn BLS employees are allowed access to individual company price reports. BLS publishes price indexes, not actual prices. All PPIs are subject to monthly revisions up to 4 months after original publication to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents. BLS periodically updates the PPI sample of survey respondents to better reflect current conditions when the structure, membership, technology, or product mix of an industry shifts significantly and to spread reporting burden among smaller firms. Information on these resampling efforts are noted in the PPI News Release and PPI Detailed Report in the months they occur. As part of an ongoing effort to expand coverage to sectors of the economy other than mining and manufacturing, an increasing number of service and construction sector industries have been introduced into the PPI. The following list of industries introduced since the mid-1990s includes the month and year in which an article describing the industry’s content appeared in the PPI Detailed Report. Commodity Indexes The commodity classification of the PPI organizes goods, services, and construction by similarity of product or end use, disregarding industry of origin. With the release of data for July 2009, PPI expanded its commodity structure to include indexes for services and construction products. Prior to this date, the PPI commodity structure only included products from goods producing sectors. Table 9 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data for commodity indexes, organized in a hierarchal structure, including major groupings, subgroups, product classes, sub-product classes, and individual items. Industry Net-Output Price Indexes PPIs for the net output of industries and their products are grouped according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Prior to the release of January 2004, industry-based PPIs were published according to the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Industry price indexes are compatible with other economic time series organized by industry, such as data on employment, wages, and productivity. Table 11 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data for NAICS industries and industry groups (3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-digit codes), Census product classes (7- and 8-digit codes), products (9-digit codes), more detailed sub-products (11-digit codes), and, for some industries, indexes for other sources of revenue. Indexes may represent one of three kinds of product categories. Every industry has primary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments classified in the industry for products made primarily, but not necessarily exclusively, by that industry. The industry classification of an establishment is determined by which products make up a plurality of its total shipment value. In Service and construction sector industries introduced into the Producer Price Index, by SIC or NAICS code at their date of introduction and the PPI Detailed Report issue that announces their introduction PPI Detailed Title Code Report Issue SIC 8 Wireless telecommunications ………. 4812 July 1999 Telephone communications, except radio telephone ………………………. Television broadcasting ……………….. 4813 4833 July 1995 July 2002 Grocery stores ………………………….. 5411 July 2000 Meat and fish (seafood) markets …….. 5421 July 2000 Fruit and vegetable markets …...……... 5431 July 2000 Candy, nut, and confectionery stores ... 5441 July 2000 Title Code PPI Detailed Report Issue Title Code SIC PPI Detailed Report Issue NAICS Retail bakeries ……………………….. 5461 July 2000 Miscellaneous food stores …………….. 5499 July 2000 July 2000 Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing …………………………………. Management consulting services …….. New car dealers ……………………… 5511 532412 541610 January 2005 January 2007 Gasoline service stations ……………… Boat dealers ………………………….. 5541 January 2002 5551 January 2002 Security guards and patrol services ….. 561612 July 2005 Recreational vehicle dealers ………….. 5561 January 2002 Offices of dentists …………………….. 621210 January 2011 Miscellaneous retail ……………………. 59 January 2001 Blood and organ banks ………………… 621991 January 2007 Amusement and theme parks …………. 713110 July 2006 Golf courses and country clubs ……….. 713910 July 2006 Fitness and recreational sports centers. 713940 July 2005 Commercial machinery repair and maintenance……………………………... 811310 July 2007 Security brokers, dealers, and investment bankers ………………….. Investment advice ……………………… 6211 6282 January 2001 January 2003 Life insurance carriers …………………. 6311 January 1999 Property and casualty insurance …… 6331 July 1998 Insurance agencies and brokerages … 6412 January 2003 Operators and lessors of nonresidential buildings ……….………. Real estate agents and managers …… 6512 6531 January 1996 January 1996 Prepackaged software ………………. 7372 January 1998 Data processing services …………… 7374 January 2002 Home health care services ……………. 8082 January 1997 Legal services ………………………... 8111 January 1997 8711 January 1997 8712 January 1997 9331 July 1998 Engineering design, analysis, and consulting services …………………….. Architectural design, analysis, and consulting services …………………... Premiums for property and casualty insurance ……………………………... Weights Weights for most commodity groupings of the PPI, as well as, weights for commodity-based aggregate indexes calculated from commodity groupings, such as FD-ID indexes, currently reflect 2017 values of shipments as reported in the Census of Manufactures and other sources. From January 2018 to December 2022, PPI weights were derived from 2012 shipment values. Industry indexes now are calculated under the 2022 NAICS structure utilizing 2017 value of shipment weights and 2012 net output ratios. The periodic update of the value weights used to calculate the PPI is done to more accurately reflect changes in production and marketing patterns in the economy. Net output values of shipments are used as weights for industry indexes. Net output values refer to the value of shipments from establishments within the industry to buyers outside the industry. However, weights for commodity indexes are based on gross shipment values, including values of shipments between establishments within the same industry. As a result, broad commodity grouping indexes, such as the PPI for All Commodities (which is composed of major commodity groupings 01 through 15), are affected by the multiple counting of price change at successive stages of processing, which can lead to exaggerated or misleading signals about inflation. The intermediate demand by commodity type FD-ID indexes partially correct for this defect, but industry indexes, final demand FD-ID indexes, and intermediate demand by production flow FD-ID indexes consistently correct for this at all levels of aggregation. Therefore, industry and FD-ID indexes are more appropriate than broad commodity groupings for analysis of general price trends. NAICS New Industrial building construction …. 236211 January 2008 New warehouse building construction .. 236221 July 2005 New school construction ………………. 236222 July 2006 New office construction ……………... 236223 January 2007 New health care building construction.. 236224 January 2013 23811X July 2008 23816X July 2008 23821X July 2008 23822X 423 July 2008 July 2005 424 443 July 2005 January 2004 444 January 2004 451 452 January 2004 January 2004 Miscellaneous store retailers ………….. 453 January 2004 Pipeline transportation of natural gas…. 486210 June 2022 Internet service providers ……………. 518111 July 2005 Internet publishing and web search portals ………………..………………... Commercial banking …………………. 519130 522110 January 2010 January 2005 Savings institutions …………………... 522120 January 2005 Direct health and medical insurance carriers …………………………………… 524114 July 2004 Concrete contractors, nonresidential building work ……………………………. Roofing contractors, nonresidential building work ……………………………. Electrical contractors, nonresidential building work ……………………………. Plumbing / HVAC contractors, nonresidential building work ..………. Merchant wholesalers, durable goods.. Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods ………………………………….. Electronics and appliance stores …... Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers…….. Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores …………………………... General merchandise stores ………….. Price Index Reference Base Effective with publication of January 1988 data, many important PPI series (including most commodity groups and individual items) were placed on a new reference base, 1982 = 100. From 1971 through 1987, the standard reference base for most PPI series was 1967 = 100. Except for rounding differences, the shift to the new reference base did not alter any previously published percent changes for affected PPI series. (See “Calculating Index Changes,” below.) The 1982 9 reference base is not used for commodity indexes with a base later than December 1981 or for industry net output indexes and their products. The FD-ID indexes typically have a reference base of November 2009 = 100. For further information on the underlying concepts and methodology of the Producer Price Index, see chapter 14, “Producer Prices,” in the BLS Handbook of Methods. This chapter can be downloaded from the BLS Web site at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch14.htm. that are generally cited when escalating long-term contracts such as purchasing agreements or real estate leases. For more information, see Price Adjustment Guide for Contracting Parties, on the Web at: www.bls.gov/ppi/publications/priceadjustment-guide-for-contracting-parties.htm. Seasonal adjustment is accomplished using X-13 ARIMA, a software package published by the U.S. Census Bureau. Each year, the seasonal status of most commodity indexes is reevaluated to reflect more recent price behavior. Industry net output indexes are not seasonally adjusted. For time series that exhibit seasonal pricing patterns, new seasonal factors are estimated and applied to the unadjusted data from the prior 5 years. Updated seasonally adjusted indexes replace the most recent 5 years of seasonal data. Seasonal factors may be applied to series using either a direct or an aggregative method. Generally, commodity indexes are seasonally adjusted using direct seasonal adjustment, which produces a more complete elimination of seasonal movements than does the aggregative method. However, the direct seasonal adjustment process may not yield figures that possess additive consistency. Thus, a seasonally adjusted index for a broad category that is directly adjusted may not be logically consistent with all seasonally adjusted indexes for its components. Seasonal movements for FD-ID indexes are derived indirectly through an aggregative method that combines movements of a wide variety of subproduct class (six-digit) series. Seasonally adjusted indexes can become problematic when previously stable and predictable price patterns abruptly change. If the new pattern persists, the seasonal adjustment method will eventually reflect it; if the pattern keeps shifting, however, seasonally adjusted data will become chronically troublesome. This problem occurs relatively infrequently for farm and food-related products, but has more often affected manufactured products such as automobiles and steel. Since January 1988, the PPI has used Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment methods to enhance the calculation of seasonal factors. With this technique, outlier values that may distort the seasonal pattern are removed from the data prior to applying the standard seasonal factor estimation procedure. For example, a possible economic cause for large price movements for petroleum-based products might have been the COVID-19 pandemic. In this case, intervention techniques allowed for better estimates of seasonally adjusted data. On the whole, very few series have required intervention. Out of over 400 seasonally adjusted commodity series, 69 were subject to intervention in 2023. For more information relating to seasonal adjustment methods, see “PPI and CPI Seasonal Adjustment: an Update” in the July 2010 Monthly Labor Review, and “PPI and CPI Seasonal Adjustment During the COVID-19 Pandemic” in the May 2022 Monthly Labor Review. Calculating Index Changes Each PPI measures price changes from a reference period that equals 100.0. An increase of 5.5 percent from the reference period in the Final Demand Goods Price Index, for example, is shown as 105.5. This change also can be expressed in dollars, as follows: prices received by domestic producers of a sample of final demand goods have risen from $100 in November 2009 to $105.50. Likewise, a current index of 90.0 would indicate that prices received by producers of final demand goods are 10 percent lower than they were in November 2009. Movements of price indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent changes, rather than as changes in index points. Index point changes are affected by the level of the index in relation to its base period, whereas percent changes are not. The following example shows the computation of index point and percent changes. Index point change Final Demand Goods Price Index 107.5 Less previous index 104.0 Equals index point change 3.5 Index percent change Index point change 3.5 Divided by the previous index 104.0 Equals 0.034 Result multiplied by 100 0.034 x 100 Equals percent change 3.4 Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data Because price data are used for different purposes by different groups, BLS publishes seasonally adjusted and unadjusted changes each month. Seasonally adjusted data are preferred for analyzing general price trends in the economy because these data eliminate the effect of changes that normally occur at about the same time, and in about the same magnitude, every year—such as price movements resulting from normal weather patterns, regular production and marketing cycles, model changeovers, seasonal discounts, and holidays. For these reasons, seasonally adjusted data more clearly reveal underlying trends. Unadjusted data are of primary interest to users who need information that can be related to actual dollar values of transactions. Individuals requiring this information include marketing specialists, purchasing agents, budget and cost analysts, contract specialists, and commodity traders. It is the unadjusted data Producer Price Index Data on the Internet In 1995, the BLS began posting PPI series, news releases, and technical information to the internet. There were more than 13 million instances of PPI data being downloaded from the BLS website during 2022. 10 Commodity code wps141101 wpu141101 Retrieving PPI data from the PPI Web site PPI data can be obtained online (www.bls.gov/ppi). On this page, under the tab labeled “Featured PPI databases” links provide the following methods of data retrieval: • • • wpufd4 wpsid63 Top Picks is a form-based application for both Industry Data and Commodity Data that allows the user to quickly obtain PPI time series data by selecting the high-level aggregate and other commonly requested time series, including the All Commodities Index and the FD-ID indexes (for example, Final Demand). Within each list, any one—or all—of the time series shown can be selected. A user can modify the date range and output options after executing the query, using the reformat button above the data output table. Provides data for: Passenger cars, seasonally adjusted Passenger cars, not seasonally adjusted Final demand, not seasonally adjusted Services for intermediate demand, seasonally adjusted For discontinued commodity indexes, series identifiers combine a “wdu” prefix (not seasonally adjusted) or a “wds” prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code. Commodity code wds019 wdu0635 One-Screen Data Search and Multi-Screen Data Search are form-based query applications for both Industry Data and Commodity Data designed for users unfamiliar with the PPI coding structure. These applications guide a user through the PPI classification by listing index titles and do not require knowledge of commodity or industry codes. Data retrieved are based on a query formulated by selecting data characteristics from lists provided. Two options are available to create customized tables, depending on a user’s browser capability. The one-screen option is a JavaScript application that uses a single screen to guide a user through the available time series data. The second option is a multiple-screen, non-Java-based application. Both methods allow a user to browse the PPI coding structure and select multiple series. Users can modify the date range and output options after executing the query using the reformat button above the data output table. wdusi138011 Provides data for: Other farm products, seasonally adjusted Preparations, ethical (prescription), not seasonally adjusted Stainless steel mill products, not seasonally adjusted Current price indexes grouped by industry according to NAICS have series identifiers that begin with the prefix “pcu.” After the prefix, there are 12 digits (the 6digit industry code is listed twice) followed by up to 7 alphanumeric characters identifying product detail. Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-level industry group codes. Industry-product code, current NAICS series pcu325---325--pcu336110336110 pcu621111621111411 Series Report is a form-based application that allows users to input multiple, formatted PPI time series identifiers (commodity or industry codes) as inputs in extracting data according to a specified set of date ranges and output options. This application provides the most efficient path for users who are familiar with the format of PPI time series identifiers. There are five alphabetic prefixes used to create unique PPI time series identifiers: WP, WD, PC, PD, and ND. Each provides the user access to a different PPI database. Adding either a “u” (not seasonally adjusted) or an “s” (seasonally adjusted) to the end of these prefixes further specifies the type of data needed. Provides data for: Chemical manufacturing Automobile and light duty motor vehicle manufacturing Offices of physicians, one- and two-physician practices and single-specialty group practices, general/family practice Discontinued industry-product codes based on SIC combine a “pdu” prefix and “#” between the fourth and fifth characters of the product code. Series identifiers for the discontinued dataset use underscores as placeholders to complete a reference to an SIC industry group code of fewer than four digits. (All PPI industry-based indexes organized by SIC were discontinued with the introduction of NAICS in 2004.) EXAMPLES Industry-product code, discontinued SIC series pdu28_ _# pdu331_# For commodity and FD-ID indexes, series identifiers combine a “wpu” prefix (not seasonally adjusted) or a “wps” prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code. pdu3711#111 11 Provides data for: Chemicals and allied products Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling and finishing mills Passenger cars Price indexes for discontinued series grouped by industry according to NAICS have identifiers that begin with the prefix “ndu”. After the prefix, there are 12 numeric digits (the 6-digit industry code is listed twice), and up to 7 additional alphanumeric characters that identify product detail. Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-level group codes. Industry-product code, discontinued NAICS series ndu212231212231 ndu2122312122312 ndu212231212231214 • Industry Data Industry Data - Discontinued (NAICS basis) (SIC basis) Commodity Data (incl. FD-ID) Commodity Data – Discontinued Special requests Directory: /pub/time.series/pc /pub/time.series/nd /pub/time.series/pd /pub/time.series/wp /pub/time.series/wd /pub/special.requests/ppi Additional information Provides data for Lead and zinc ore mining Lead, zinc concentrates Lead concentrates The PPI homepage (www.bls.gov/ppi) contains additional information regarding PPI data and methodology. The “PPI Publications” section of the homepage provides PPI news releases, both current and archived, as well as general PPI information. The “PPI Tables” section provides relative importance and seasonal factor tables. The remaining sections offer special notices and publications pertaining to PPI methodology and applications. For questions or comments regarding PPI data classification, methodology, or data availability on the Internet, call or e-mail the Section of Index Analysis and Public Information at (202) 691-7705 or ppi-info@bls.gov. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services. Text Files are best suited for users requiring access to either a large volume of time series data or other PPI-related documentation, such as seasonal factor tables and relative importance tables. The text files can be accessed at download.bls.gov/ or directly from links on the “PPI Databases” page or the PPI homepage. Data and documentation available for download include the following: 12 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20231 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Final Demand Final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods, crude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods, processed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer energy goods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods less foods and energy3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable consumer goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods, excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods excluding foods, energy, and capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods for export, excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand trade services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of finished goods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of personal consumption goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of private capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of government purchased goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of government purchased goods, excluding capital equipment. . . Trade of government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of private passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of government passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of finished goods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of personal consumption goods. . . . . Transportation and warehousing of private capital equipment. . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of government purchased goods. . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . Finished services less trade, transportation, and warehousing3. . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gov. purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing, excl. capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services for export less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . Final demand construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction for private capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction for government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 4 41 411 4111 41113 41112 4112 4113 412 4121 4122 4123 413 4131 41311 413111 413112 41312 413121 413122 4132 100.000 30.099 5.587 4.272 0.351 3.921 0.405 0.910 5.515 4.287 0.837 0.391 18.996 10.931 5.809 3.519 2.290 5.122 1.254 3.868 1.959 2.1 0.8 1.0 3.0 -4.1 3.7 3.5 -8.7 -1.0 0.3 -5.3 -6.3 1.4 2.2 1.8 2.4 1.0 2.7 3.6 2.4 1.8 0.1 -0.2 0.7 0.7 19.4 -0.7 -0.1 0.7 -2.0 -1.5 -3.3 -4.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -6.3 0.7 0.6 -0.6 -0.8 0.6 -5.0 -7.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 8.0 -0.2 -1.4 -2.9 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.1 1.9 10.2 1.1 1.0 -2.5 4.1 3.4 7.2 5.8 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.8 -4.0 1.3 0.8 1.0 -1.6 -1.5 -1.8 -2.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 41321 41322 4133 42 423 4231 42311 42312 4232 42321 42322 4233 422 4221 42211 42212 42213 4222 42221 422211 422212 42222 42223 421 4211 1.146 0.813 6.106 67.245 19.337 16.652 13.614 3.038 0.758 0.478 0.280 1.927 4.925 1.262 0.851 0.102 0.309 3.663 2.370 1.910 0.460 0.220 1.073 42.982 37.459 0.2 4.2 -0.1 2.8 0.7 0.3 0.6 -1.4 4.5 5.5 2.8 3.6 -0.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 -1.8 -2.2 -2.0 -2.8 -1.1 -1.0 4.2 4.0 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.4 2.8 2.0 0.6 4.4 2.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -1.1 -0.9 0.0 -4.9 -2.8 -0.5 -6.6 -2.9 -0.1 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 1.4 1.5 0.0 4.0 2.7 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.7 1.1 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 1.1 0.3 -0.2 1.2 0.4 0.8 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 FD 42111 32.980 4.2 0.1 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.1 FD 42112 4.479 2.7 -0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.3 FD 4212 2.807 4.0 0.2 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.1 FD 42121 2.644 4.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.2 0.1 FD FD FD FD FD 42122 4213 43 431 432 0.163 2.716 2.656 1.846 0.810 1.1 6.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.7 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Final demand less exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD Final demand less government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD 49101 49102 86.568 92.102 2.3 2.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.2 Special Groupings of Final Demand See footnotes at end of table. 13 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Final demand less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods and energy5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods plus final demand distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods, energy, and trade services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private and government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private and government purchased capital investment services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private and government purchased capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods and energy3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less energy3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods less energy3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods, excluding foods3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital investment services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished distributive services3, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services less trade services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services less distributive services3, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction). . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods plus finished distributive services3, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total government purchases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total government purchased capital investment (goods, services, construction).. . Government purchases, defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchases, non-defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods (finished consumer goods). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption nondurable goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods, energy, and trade services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods, energy, and distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods plus personal consumption distributive services6. . . Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20231 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p FD FD 49103 49104 88.469 88.898 2.3 2.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 49105 49106 49107 49108 49109 49111 49112 49113 49114 49115 49116 49117 49118 49119 49201 93.984 94.413 94.485 80.663 77.000 24.583 24.511 47.907 23.000 53.098 69.561 5.935 8.420 14.355 78.668 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 1.3 0.8 3.6 0.3 0.6 2.8 2.9 0.8 1.2 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -1.1 -0.6 0.3 0.1 -1.8 -0.9 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.2 FD FD 49202 49203 69.684 70.109 2.4 2.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 49204 49205 49206 49207 49208 49209 49210 49211 49212 49213 49214 49215 49216 49301 49302 49303 49401 49402 49403 49404 49405 49406 49501 49502 49503 49504 49508 49505 49506 49507 49510 49511 49512 49509 73.971 74.396 74.381 19.490 15.203 15.218 57.332 7.977 19.022 40.680 38.310 14.945 38.512 13.432 7.407 6.025 7.898 3.201 3.887 2.066 2.345 5.553 63.723 14.368 10.081 10.096 7.806 49.355 50.109 48.199 55.164 41.550 39.640 29.892 2.3 2.3 2.5 1.9 2.4 1.6 2.6 0.7 0.0 3.6 4.0 1.2 1.0 0.8 -1.6 3.8 1.7 0.0 3.7 1.7 2.1 1.5 2.6 1.7 2.3 1.1 1.2 2.9 3.2 3.4 2.8 3.5 3.8 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 -1.0 0.5 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 -1.7 -0.9 0.3 0.4 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -1.3 -0.2 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.8 0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 1.1 0.4 -0.2 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.9 -0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.4 0.8 1.2 0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.0 2.2 0.2 0.1 1.4 0.8 0.7 1.7 1.0 1.7 2.1 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 1 11 111 1111 1112 1113 112 100.000 43.089 26.451 4.344 11.712 10.395 16.638 -1.7 -1.3 -3.1 -0.3 -5.1 -1.9 1.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -1.0 -0.7 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 1.0 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.1 -1.5 -0.8 1.8 0.4 1.5 0.8 1.2 1.7 1.0 1.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.9 1.4 0.1 -2.8 0.2 Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Processed goods Processed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials and components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 14 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Components for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials and components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . Containers for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, other than feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20231 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 1121 1122 12 121 122 13 131 132 14 15 151 152 1521 1522 0.801 15.837 10.771 4.730 6.041 18.764 4.777 13.987 3.103 24.273 3.228 21.045 2.214 18.831 -0.5 1.7 1.4 2.2 0.7 -4.5 -5.2 -4.2 -2.4 -1.2 -0.3 -1.3 -13.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 -2.6 -1.8 -2.8 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 -2.9 -2.6 -2.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -1.6 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.1 -1.1 -1.4 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 -2.6 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 5.9 3.7 6.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -3.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -1.5 -0.8 -1.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -1.9 0.1 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 2 21 22 221 2211 100.000 38.165 61.836 50.586 47.969 -7.1 -9.2 -5.7 -0.8 -1.2 -2.1 -0.4 -3.0 -5.0 -5.3 -4.1 -3.3 -4.6 -5.5 -5.8 1.5 -1.5 3.3 1.6 1.5 -0.7 1.6 -2.0 2.0 2.0 -1.9 2.2 -4.3 -0.4 -0.4 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 2212 222 2221 2222 2.617 11.250 1.006 10.244 8.2 -30.1 -5.8 -32.6 0.5 7.9 3.8 8.3 0.4 -0.4 -1.4 -0.3 2.5 11.4 2.7 12.3 1.2 -18.9 -3.9 -20.2 0.5 -25.2 -6.5 -27.3 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 3 33 331 332 32 321 3211 3212 322 3221 100.000 18.328 9.049 9.279 13.925 1.033 0.123 0.910 12.892 2.732 3.6 3.1 1.9 4.3 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.8 -0.8 0.5 1.5 2.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.8 2.6 2.6 2.6 0.6 -0.6 0.7 1.1 2.2 0.0 0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 0.1 0.2 0.0 -1.5 -2.3 -0.8 1.2 2.6 2.7 2.6 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 -0.2 0.3 Unprocessed goods Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to manufacturing industries. . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services Services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for intermediate demand4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for manufacturing industries. . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 3222 10.160 2.5 -0.2 1.0 0.1 1.4 -0.3 ID6 31 67.747 4.1 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.1 0.3 ID6 311 2.130 4.6 0.1 0.5 1.8 -0.1 0.4 ID6 312 65.617 4.1 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.1 0.3 100.000 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.6 9111 9112 9113 9118 9115 9116 9117 9211 9212 9213 9216 91.153 8.847 18.764 81.236 72.389 31.220 – 56.663 36.891 63.109 24.944 -1.5 -3.1 -4.5 -1.0 -0.7 2.6 -0.4 -3.2 -4.1 -8.6 -7.7 -0.8 -0.5 -2.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.8 -0.3 -3.1 -5.3 0.0 0.7 -0.5 0.1 -2.9 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.3 -4.9 -7.7 -1.9 0.3 0.0 -1.6 -1.1 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.1 4.1 6.4 -1.4 -1.3 1.6 0.3 5.9 0.5 0.5 -0.4 0.9 -1.7 -2.0 0.2 -1.9 -0.6 0.6 -1.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.4 -4.8 -6.9 1.4 0.2 4 41 411 100.000 29.665 21.643 2.1 -0.4 -1.5 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 Construction Construction for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 4 Special Groupings of Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Processed materials less foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed energy goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intermediate distributive services7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed goods plus intermediate distributive services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed materials less agricultural products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed energy materials8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Stage 4 Intermediate Demand Stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 Inputs to stage 4 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 See footnotes at end of table. 15 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20231 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 4111 4112 4113 412 4123 4122 41221 41222 4121 42 421 4211 4212 4213 422 4223 4222 42221 42222 4221 423 43 431 4312 4313 432 4323 4322 43221 43222 4321 2.941 0.170 18.532 8.022 6.017 0.492 0.076 0.416 1.513 55.644 13.716 2.241 4.062 7.413 41.875 4.149 3.724 0.480 3.244 34.002 0.053 14.690 10.712 0.762 9.950 3.978 1.728 0.661 0.015 0.646 1.589 -9.1 -22.2 0.0 2.7 2.6 -0.2 2.0 -0.6 3.9 3.8 0.3 1.3 -1.0 0.6 5.0 3.8 2.9 2.0 3.0 5.4 2.7 1.1 1.3 -4.2 1.9 0.5 0.0 -2.7 2.0 -2.8 2.4 0.4 -6.7 -0.2 1.6 2.0 0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1 0.1 0.3 1.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -3.5 0.2 0.7 1.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -5.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 2.6 -0.6 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.9 0.7 2.6 0.5 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.8 0.4 0.1 0.5 -1.2 2.6 -1.3 0.1 -1.9 -1.6 0.4 1.5 1.8 0.2 -0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 -0.6 -1.3 -1.7 0.3 1.1 1.5 0.1 -0.7 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 -2.3 0.3 0.6 1.2 0.0 -0.7 0.0 0.1 -2.0 0.0 0.4 -0.9 -1.2 0.1 2.7 -0.4 0.0 0.4 1.3 1.0 3.7 0.2 0.0 -0.6 1.9 2.7 1.8 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.7 5.8 0.2 -1.5 -3.4 0.3 2.7 0.3 -0.2 0.3 -1.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 2.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.1 2.0 -1.5 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.4 2.2 0.1 0.7 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -1.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 2.2 0.3 0.1 Stage 3 Intermediate Demand Stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 3 31 311 3111 3112 3113 312 3123 3122 31221 31222 3121 32 321 3211 3212 3213 322 3223 3222 32221 32222 3221 323 33 331 3313 332 3323 3322 33222 3321 100.000 43.800 33.969 10.337 1.164 22.468 9.831 5.506 2.865 0.149 2.716 1.460 55.023 9.949 0.088 5.884 3.977 44.469 2.814 10.389 0.021 10.368 31.266 0.605 1.176 0.568 0.568 0.608 0.561 0.016 0.016 0.031 -0.4 -3.1 -3.9 -7.7 -11.1 -1.5 -0.4 -1.0 -1.3 2.0 -1.5 3.5 1.8 -3.9 -4.3 -6.4 0.4 3.1 4.8 3.6 0.1 3.6 2.8 2.7 2.2 0.5 0.5 3.9 4.0 2.6 2.6 2.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -1.6 -3.3 -0.2 1.5 2.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -2.5 0.6 -4.0 0.0 0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -2.8 -3.4 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 2.6 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 -4.4 -0.7 -7.2 0.0 0.8 0.4 1.6 0.2 1.6 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 -1.3 0.4 0.8 1.7 2.8 0.2 -0.7 0.2 0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.8 0.3 0.3 -1.3 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.7 1.6 3.6 -1.4 0.9 -2.4 -4.4 0.4 2.7 0.3 -0.2 1.3 6.0 -0.5 9.9 0.3 0.3 -0.5 1.6 0.2 1.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.4 -1.3 -1.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 0.0 0.3 0.2 2.3 1.7 -0.8 0.5 0.6 0.5 2.2 0.4 0.3 -0.3 -1.1 -0.1 -2.0 0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.7 0.2 0.2 0.5 Stage 2 Intermediate Demand See footnotes at end of table. 16 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Relative Importance Dec. 20231 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p Stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 2 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 2 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 2 21 211 2111 2112 2113 212 2123 2122 21221 21222 2121 213 22 221 2211 2212 2213 222 2223 2222 22221 22222 2221 223 100.000 50.555 35.815 4.080 15.983 15.752 14.451 5.731 4.784 0.180 4.604 3.936 0.289 49.447 5.262 0.051 0.322 4.889 43.220 2.383 2.817 0.417 2.400 38.020 0.965 -0.4 -3.4 -6.0 -16.7 -4.0 -5.2 3.6 5.2 1.7 1.9 1.7 3.6 2.7 2.6 -1.6 -10.2 -7.5 -1.1 3.1 6.6 1.2 2.0 1.0 3.1 2.7 -1.0 -1.8 -2.7 0.6 -5.4 -0.5 0.7 1.6 0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 1.7 -2.6 -0.4 0.0 -1.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -1.2 -2.8 -3.8 -2.2 -7.4 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 0.5 2.5 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -3.0 -0.1 0.6 1.4 4.5 2.6 4.8 0.3 0.0 1.0 1.7 2.0 -4.7 6.2 -0.6 0.9 1.3 0.5 -0.7 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.4 -0.3 -0.8 0.2 -0.3 0.5 -2.8 -0.4 -0.7 -0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.1 -0.9 -1.2 -5.7 -1.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 2.6 -0.3 0.5 0.0 0.8 0.9 -1.6 8.2 0.4 0.8 0.1 2.3 2.7 2.3 0.7 0.0 -1.3 -2.4 -3.5 -1.5 -6.6 -0.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 2.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -2.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 -1.5 2.2 -2.2 0.0 0.6 Stage 1 Intermediate Demand Stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 1 11 111 1111 1112 1113 112 1123 1122 11221 11222 1121 113 12 121 1211 1212 1213 122 1223 1222 12221 12222 1221 123 13 131 1312 1313 132 1323 1322 13222 1321 100.000 32.376 23.318 2.758 3.446 17.114 9.057 5.505 0.603 0.103 0.500 2.949 0.001 54.733 16.086 0.064 5.040 10.982 38.644 3.829 4.412 1.343 3.069 30.403 0.003 12.891 9.205 0.754 8.451 3.686 2.807 0.783 0.783 0.096 0.2 -4.1 -6.2 -18.9 -10.6 -2.9 1.6 0.0 4.8 2.0 5.4 3.8 2.7 2.7 -0.7 -30.4 -4.0 1.3 4.1 3.7 2.6 2.0 2.8 4.4 2.7 1.3 1.1 -9.1 2.2 1.9 3.4 -3.1 -3.1 2.7 -0.2 -0.5 -1.3 -1.0 -3.4 -0.9 1.5 2.3 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.9 0.5 -2.6 0.0 0.4 0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -4.2 0.2 0.8 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -1.0 -3.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 1.0 2.6 0.7 0.8 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.0 -3.8 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.8 2.6 0.0 0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -8.6 0.3 -0.2 0.1 -1.4 -1.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 -0.3 -3.8 -0.2 0.2 2.5 3.8 0.2 -0.7 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.0 -1.4 0.2 0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.2 0.7 -3.8 4.1 0.7 -2.5 -4.3 1.0 2.7 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.7 2.4 13.1 7.3 0.2 0.0 -0.9 1.8 2.7 1.5 -0.2 0.0 0.6 1.2 11.8 0.3 -1.0 -1.5 0.7 0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.9 -1.4 1.0 -2.0 -1.7 0.6 0.6 0.9 2.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.3 -0.3 -4.2 -0.8 0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.7 2.2 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.7 0.4 0.4 0.2 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 9411 9412 9413 9414 46.071 53.875 0.053 5.182 -0.3 4.3 2.7 -4.8 -0.3 0.5 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 1.1 0.3 -1.6 0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.2 0.4 0.6 1.1 Special Groupings of Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Total Total Total Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 17 Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 Item code 9415 9416 9311 9312 9313 9314 9315 9316 9211 9212 9213 9214 9215 9216 9111 9112 9117 9114 9115 9116 1 Relative Importance Dec. 20231 4.994 35.895 44.486 54.908 0.605 10.425 7.048 27.013 41.077 57.671 1.254 4.131 16.305 20.641 48.609 51.387 0.004 2.822 9.240 36.547 Unadjusted 12-month percent change2 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change2 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p -2.4 0.6 -3.8 2.5 2.7 -7.7 -7.2 -1.2 -5.4 3.2 2.7 -16.6 -4.0 -4.3 -3.0 3.5 2.7 -19.2 -6.9 -0.5 -1.7 0.0 -1.1 0.6 0.0 -1.5 -3.9 -0.1 -2.5 0.2 0.0 0.6 -5.3 -0.5 -0.9 0.6 0.0 -1.0 -3.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.1 -1.6 0.6 0.0 -2.8 -6.6 0.3 -3.4 0.4 0.0 -2.2 -7.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.3 0.0 -1.0 -4.1 0.2 -1.8 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.3 -1.3 -0.6 0.7 1.7 0.6 0.3 -4.7 6.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.9 0.3 -3.8 -0.9 0.3 3.9 0.3 2.6 -0.2 0.0 3.6 8.0 0.8 -0.9 0.6 0.0 -5.6 -1.4 0.4 1.4 -0.5 0.0 -3.4 6.4 0.5 -1.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.6 2.3 -1.4 -0.6 -3.1 0.0 0.6 -1.4 -6.5 -0.6 -0.7 0.5 0.6 0.9 -1.2 -0.7 Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available. Individual items and subtotals may not add exactly to totals because of rounding differences. All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January. 3 PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand. 4 Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers. 5 The PPI definition of foods does not include food and beverages for immediate consumption. PPI defines food and beverages for immediate consumption as the service of preparing meals, snacks, and beverages to customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption. 6 Distributive services include transportation, warehousing, and trade of goods. 7 Includes intermediate trade, transportation, and warehousing services. 8 Includes crude petroleum. 9 Excludes crude petroleum. p Preliminary ″-″ Data not available. 2 18 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p 2.1 0.8 1.0 -11.7 26.4 -31.9 -29.7 -20.6 3.2 -9.6 -11.4 12.4 7.8 21.8 -32.3 -3.9 -0.9 6.2 3.7 5.0 6.9 -4.6 1.7 -1.0 0.6 3.9 -4.2 -1.5 -5.2 -6.2 1.4 0.9 0.2 1.7 2.7 0.5 1.7 -9.3 1.6 1.6 0.8 2.2 -1.0 0.1 -2.9 -18.1 2.1 3.9 2.2 11.0 5.4 6.3 2.8 -0.3 0.0 4.1 2.4 4.1 5.0 0.5 1.7 2.8 9.8 4.3 0.1 -0.2 0.7 18.2 11.2 -3.0 71.2 2.2 0.0 -1.4 0.0 0.4 0.3 -3.2 -1.8 0.3 -0.6 0.2 0.2 -0.6 0.0 1.1 0.2 -2.0 -5.7 0.5 1.0 -4.0 -5.0 -3.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -2.9 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 4.9 -0.5 0.9 0.0 -0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 2.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 -5.6 -1.4 -20.5 -3.8 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.5 20.5 3.8 -2.7 -0.3 -1.4 0.1 0.2 -1.1 0.3 -1.8 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 0.5 -0.1 2.1 -3.4 -9.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.7 0.2 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -1.3 -1.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.3 0.6 1.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 3.7 9.6 -5.2 14.6 -9.2 0.1 -0.8 -1.8 -4.4 -5.8 0.9 4.3 5.5 -1.3 0.6 0.3 3.4 -0.2 -1.0 0.7 -1.2 3.5 -0.5 1.4 -3.4 -0.6 -0.7 0.3 0.2 -0.2 2.2 1.0 0.0 0.2 -3.1 -0.4 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -3.8 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.4 3.0 1.2 1.3 1.4 0.0 0.7 -0.1 0.7 2.1 0.6 0.1 1.7 0.2 2.0 0.6 1.2 1.1 -12.7 8.9 -8.3 55.0 -8.9 0.6 0.1 -0.6 4.9 -0.2 0.4 -4.5 -4.9 1.0 0.2 1.1 2.1 -0.2 0.4 0.2 4.1 3.6 0.2 0.9 6.7 1.1 14.9 0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.0 0.3 1.0 0.7 2.5 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 -4.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.6 0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.8 -7.9 15.3 2.5 -29.8 -0.3 0.1 -0.9 0.0 1.2 -0.5 14.1 0.1 1.9 0.9 -0.9 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -1.6 -0.5 0.5 -1.4 -3.6 -6.6 0.9 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.6 -15.7 0.5 0.0 0.9 0.6 0.0 0.8 0.2 -0.3 0.0 1.0 0.5 0.4 1.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Final Demand Final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fruits and melons2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh and dry vegetables2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eggs for fresh use2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oilseeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bakery products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milled rice2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pasta products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beef and veal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed young chickens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed turkeys2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finfish and shellfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dairy products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fruits and vegetables2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Confectionery end products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soft drinks2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roasted coffee2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shortening and cooking oils2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen specialty food2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liquefied petroleum gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home heating oil and distillates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pet food2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s, girls’, and infants’ apparel2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s and boys’ apparel2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile housefurnishings2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Footwear2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pharmaceutical preparations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soaps and detergents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cleaning and polishing products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cosmetics and other toiletries2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tires2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer, institutional, and commercial products, n.e.c.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sanitary paper products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron and steel scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agricultural machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal cutting machine tools2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal forming machine tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tools, dies, jigs, fixtures, and industrial molds2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pumps, compressors, and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial material handling equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic computers and computer equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper industries machinery2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing trades machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transformers and power regulators2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communication and related equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic components and accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X-ray and electromedical equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil field and gas field machinery2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal combustion engines2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD FD FD 01 01 01 01 01 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 FD 05 05 05 05 05 05 FD 02 02 03 03 03 04 06 06 06 06 06 07 07 09 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 4 41 411 11 13 2 7107 8301 11 13 1402 2101 2104 2203 2206 23 3 4 55 62 6301 78 85 412 32 41 51 71 7302 7303 413 61 9402 8106 8107 82 3 1 38 71 72 75 1201 2B 1501 12 1 2 37 38 39 41 44 5 62 64 65 74 76 78 7905 91 92 94 See footnotes at end of table. 19 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Household furniture2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial furniture2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Floor coverings2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household appliances2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home electronic equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lawn and garden equipment excl. garden tractors2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Passenger cars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Light motor trucks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy motor trucks2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck trailers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel trailers and campers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ships2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Railroad equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toys, games, and children’s vehicles2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sporting and athletic goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cigarettes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mobile homes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical, surgical & personal aid devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jewelry, platinum and karat gold2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Costume jewelry and novelties2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand trade services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and vehicle wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and commercial equipment wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furnishings wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and alcohol wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and alcohol retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health, beauty, and optical goods retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel, jewelry, footwear, and accessories retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer hardware, software, and supplies retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TV, video, and photographic equipment and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . Automobiles retailing (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automotive parts, including tires, retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RVs, trailers, and campers retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sporting goods, including boats, retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lawn, garden, and farm equipment and supplies retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flooring and floor coverings retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware, building materials, and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major household appliances retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuels and lubricants retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cleaning supplies and paper products retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of freight and mail2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline passenger services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . Sales of books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and subscriptions of periodicals and newspapers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application software publishing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential wired telecommunication services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telecommunication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cable and satellite subscriber services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internet access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code 12 12 12 12 12 12 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 FD FD 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 FD 30 30 30 30 30 30 FD 33 33 34 1 2 3 4 5 66 1101 1105 1106 12 14 16 21 31 4 11 12 21 5 6 9402 9404 42 423 1102 1103 1104 2 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6101 6102 8 9 A B C D E F G H 422 11 12 14 16 21 22 421 11 12 2 36 37 37 37 37 1 11 2 3 4 See footnotes at end of table. 20 Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p -1.5 2.6 -0.5 0.9 2.1 1.9 -2.8 1.5 1.2 1.0 -0.8 0.6 4.7 2.5 0.9 0.3 11.6 11.3 -1.2 2.5 4.5 2.6 2.8 0.7 4.3 2.5 4.8 -7.1 3.2 -2.4 3.6 6.6 1.4 7.4 2.8 -27.4 -0.9 -38.0 0.5 -6.8 1.5 2.3 -3.4 1.6 9.6 -3.9 8.2 8.0 1.9 -0.8 0.8 -3.6 0.4 5.2 0.0 2.0 4.2 8.1 2.7 4.0 -0.1 0.6 -1.1 0.4 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 2.2 1.6 0.4 0.3 2.4 0.0 0.2 0.4 1.5 5.8 -1.4 1.0 1.0 1.4 0.6 2.3 -0.4 -1.0 -0.1 6.4 3.9 -4.3 3.8 3.7 -3.0 -0.4 -5.6 0.3 0.3 2.9 -5.1 -1.7 -3.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.2 2.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.9 -0.1 -1.6 0.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.6 -2.4 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 2.6 0.0 -0.1 -1.1 -0.1 -8.5 1.1 0.1 -5.8 1.1 -8.4 -1.2 0.9 2.9 5.0 5.9 -6.8 -5.3 1.3 -6.1 4.2 0.3 0.5 -2.7 -0.7 -4.1 4.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -1.5 -1.1 0.3 0.1 2.6 0.4 0.7 1.5 2.0 0.1 0.4 1.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.8 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.2 1.2 5.1 0.0 0.3 10.4 -1.1 1.7 0.7 0.1 3.4 -2.0 -24.0 3.3 -10.4 0.2 -8.9 4.8 -0.7 -0.3 2.3 -1.3 -4.9 -7.7 2.2 3.7 -0.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 -0.7 0.8 0.8 -0.3 1.2 -0.1 1.3 -1.9 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.3 2.6 0.0 0.5 -0.5 0.0 0.3 0.1 1.0 0.5 -1.7 0.2 -3.9 -2.6 -3.5 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.3 -8.5 -3.3 -1.8 -2.2 14.8 -2.4 -1.6 1.5 1.6 -1.6 6.6 -0.6 -0.8 -3.4 1.1 -1.4 0.7 -1.0 1.3 0.0 2.7 0.3 1.9 0.8 -0.4 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.4 1.9 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 2.0 0.0 -0.4 0.1 1.8 0.0 0.3 0.3 -1.2 -0.2 8.3 0.0 0.8 -0.4 1.9 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.2 12.5 -6.7 -5.4 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 -1.4 -6.5 2.5 -0.5 2.6 0.8 0.0 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0 2.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -1.4 4.2 1.2 4.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -1.0 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -1.6 0.3 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Bundled wired telecommunications access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Life insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disability insurance, including accidental death2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and medical insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property and casualty insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annuities2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential property sales and leases, brokerage fees and commissions.. . Passenger car rental. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax preparation and planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of flights (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of vehicle rentals and lodging2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of cruises and tours2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physician care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical laboratory and diagnostic imaging care2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home health and hospice care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospital outpatient care2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dental care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospital inpatient care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing home care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traveler accommodation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and beverages for immediate consumption services (partial)2. . . . . . . Motor vehicle repair and maintenance (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership dues and admissions and recreation facility use fees (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreational activity instruction fees (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gaming receipts (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New warehouse building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New school building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New office building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New industrial building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New health care building construction2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p 37 39 39 39 40 40 41 41 41 41 41 43 44 45 45 45 45 47 47 47 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 53 54 55 5 12 2 3 1 2 1101 1102 1103 1104 2 21 1 1 2102 3 4 1 2 3 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 2101 2102 11 1 2 -0.5 12.5 19.7 1.4 10.8 13.5 -1.2 -0.5 2.3 6.8 0.7 5.2 -3.8 6.2 3.9 2.7 5.4 -2.5 -5.9 8.8 1.9 0.1 4.0 4.7 2.4 4.8 2.8 -4.6 4.7 3.8 -0.2 0.3 2.3 -3.7 0.1 -1.7 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 -2.1 0.3 -0.5 0.0 2.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.5 1.9 4.2 3.2 -0.2 2.7 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.5 1.3 0.4 -1.0 0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.1 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.5 0.1 0.6 0.2 -4.5 0.0 0.2 1.6 0.6 0.9 0.0 0.8 6.1 0.1 -0.5 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.0 -4.2 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -1.0 -1.4 -0.9 1.2 0.2 -0.2 1.4 0.0 0.7 0.1 3.7 0.1 0.3 0.1 3.0 1.1 1.3 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -2.0 0.4 3.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 1.7 0.3 0.0 -1.2 0.6 0.5 -0.2 0.8 2.7 0.0 3.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 4.2 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -1.2 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -3.8 1.1 0.0 56 56 56 60 FD 80 80 80 80 80 1 2 3 1 43 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 5.2 0.8 1.6 1.8 -1.1 -1.0 -1.4 -1.2 -0.7 -1.8 1.7 0.0 -0.2 1.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 2.3 0.0 1.8 1.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.6 -1.6 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 1.5 0.0 2.5 0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.2 ID6 ID6 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 ID6 03 03 03 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 1 9112 21 22 3 4 53 7 9 9111 1 2 4 32 42 43 52 53 54 71 7203 7303 74 -1.7 -3.1 7.6 6.2 -0.9 6.2 18.2 -14.5 -10.6 -1.5 3.8 -1.9 -0.6 0.6 1.2 2.4 -7.1 -6.4 -9.8 -1.5 -8.9 -6.2 12.3 -0.7 -0.5 0.1 -6.5 -0.6 0.2 2.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1 -0.1 -5.7 -0.5 -0.2 2.2 1.1 -0.1 -4.0 -5.8 -3.7 -5.2 -0.4 0.1 4.8 1.2 -1.4 0.1 0.1 -1.6 -0.7 -0.5 -1.2 0.2 0.2 -0.8 1.1 1.1 2.0 -0.4 -0.3 2.1 -12.1 -9.3 -7.1 -0.1 -1.6 -3.9 0.5 -1.3 0.6 2.6 -3.0 -2.5 0.0 -1.6 0.4 0.1 3.5 -2.3 -2.0 -0.2 3.6 4.8 -3.4 0.4 -0.7 -0.2 1.5 0.3 2.3 1.3 1.0 0.2 8.7 -2.1 -2.4 1.6 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 3.6 2.5 2.2 2.0 -0.4 7.3 6.7 11.5 14.9 1.8 -0.5 0.6 0.8 10.7 0.9 -0.9 0.8 -0.5 -1.9 -0.6 5.5 0.9 0.6 -0.5 -1.4 -1.4 0.2 1.8 -6.4 -3.6 -6.0 0.9 0.9 Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Processed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed poultry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dairy products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fruits and vegetables2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refined sugar and byproducts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fats and oils2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared animal feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthetic fibers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed yarns and threads2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished fabrics2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liquefied petroleum gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural gas to electric utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jet fuel2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residual fuels2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 21 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Finished lubricants2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lubricating oil base stocks2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic inorganic chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic organic chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared paint2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paint materials2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicinal and botanical chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biological products, including diagnostics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fats and oils, inedible2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nitrogenates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phosphates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other agricultural chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic resins and materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial gases2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adhesives and sealants2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthetic rubber2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tires2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic construction products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsupported plastic film, sheet, other shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parts for manufacturing from plastics2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic packaging products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Softwood lumber. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardwood lumber2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Millwork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plywood2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paperboard2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper boxes and containers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building paper and board2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial printing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foundry and forge shop products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary nonferrous metals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Secondary nonferrous metals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aluminum mill shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copper and brass mill shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous wire and cable2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous foundry shop products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal containers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plumbing fixtures and brass fittings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heating equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated structural metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lighting fixtures2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated ferrous wire products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other miscellaneous metal products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fluid power equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mechanical power transmission equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal valves, except fluid power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ball and roller bearings2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wiring devices2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motors, generators, motor generator sets2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switchgear, switchboard, and industrial controls equip.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic components and accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal combustion engines2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machine shop products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flat glass2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concrete products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt felts and coatings2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paving mixtures and blocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft engines and engine parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05 05 05 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 07 07 07 07 07 07 08 08 08 08 09 09 09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 Item code 76 78 8102 13 14 21 22 31 37 4 5201 5202 53 6 7903 7904 1102 1201 21 22 26 2A 11 12 2 3 13 14 1503 2 47 15 17 22 24 2501 2502 26 28 3 4 5 6 7 81 83 88 89 43 45 48 4902 4905 71 73 75 78 94 95 11 22 3 6 94 12 23 See footnotes at end of table. 22 Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p -0.9 -8.1 13.0 -12.7 -8.5 -1.2 -2.7 9.1 1.8 -1.4 -20.4 -2.7 -16.5 -6.2 -1.8 0.4 -3.1 -1.0 -2.0 -4.5 -0.9 -1.4 -6.8 1.6 -1.3 -0.1 -0.9 -5.7 -3.6 13.3 1.7 1.8 -3.6 6.6 -4.6 -6.6 -3.1 -2.8 3.2 -2.3 0.4 1.1 3.6 1.2 7.4 2.3 -5.2 1.6 9.2 3.6 1.4 2.6 2.9 -4.9 4.4 7.2 0.5 4.3 1.9 -0.7 5.0 6.2 5.9 0.9 1.0 3.4 0.2 2.1 2.3 -0.1 -3.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.4 -6.0 -0.7 1.9 -0.6 1.7 -2.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.2 -4.2 1.3 0.3 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -2.4 0.1 -0.1 -2.0 0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.1 -2.0 0.7 0.6 0.3 -0.7 -0.1 -0.3 0.9 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.5 -0.4 1.3 0.1 0.9 0.7 -7.3 4.3 -0.2 -2.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -1.9 4.5 2.9 0.5 1.1 0.8 -0.2 -1.5 0.0 -0.4 0.6 0.0 -0.3 -1.7 4.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 -1.5 -0.1 3.0 0.0 0.9 2.4 -1.0 0.0 -0.3 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 1.2 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.6 -0.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.6 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.2 0.4 0.3 -3.6 2.7 -1.2 -3.6 0.1 -0.6 0.4 -0.9 17.2 -3.4 3.9 -0.3 -0.6 2.3 0.1 -1.6 0.0 0.3 -1.3 0.0 0.9 -1.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7 5.4 0.6 0.4 -0.7 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.0 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 -1.3 -1.5 0.3 -0.6 0.3 1.3 0.6 2.0 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.9 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.1 9.5 -13.7 -0.3 3.1 -0.3 -0.1 7.9 -0.3 -4.9 -6.3 0.8 0.0 1.0 -4.7 -0.3 1.2 0.0 -0.1 1.0 0.0 -0.6 -3.2 1.1 1.4 -1.5 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.5 3.4 3.6 -1.1 0.2 -0.8 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.5 0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.5 2.6 0.6 0.0 0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.9 0.3 -0.6 0.7 0.9 -0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.9 -5.2 9.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.9 3.3 -1.6 0.1 -1.9 -0.1 0.6 3.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 1.1 0.4 1.9 0.6 -0.6 0.6 -0.5 0.1 -0.6 2.5 0.1 0.3 -7.8 1.1 3.4 -0.5 2.0 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 1.8 -0.8 0.5 0.9 -0.6 0.3 -0.1 0.3 -1.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 1.2 0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.1 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Medical, surgical, and personal aid devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Item code 25 6 Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p 1.5 2.5 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.1 Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wheat2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter cattle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter hogs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter chickens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter turkeys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raw milk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hay and hayseeds2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oilseeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raw cane sugar and byproducts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raw cotton2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hides and skins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crude petroleum2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and woodchips2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recyclable paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron ores2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron and steel scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous metal ores2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copper base scrap2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aluminum base scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 ID6 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 02 ID6 01 04 05 05 05 08 09 10 10 10 10 10 13 2 21 21 2202 31 32 4102 42 6 81 8301 5201 22 51 1 1 31 61 5 12 11 12 21 2301 2302 21 -7.1 -9.2 -27.0 -33.7 17.9 -3.9 -1.6 -32.3 2.0 -35.8 -20.6 5.3 -5.7 10.9 -13.8 0.8 -43.8 6.1 -2.7 77.5 -6.8 -18.1 1.3 1.8 6.4 8.3 -2.1 -0.4 -1.2 -3.5 -4.4 -4.4 -1.3 4.7 -1.4 7.1 2.2 -0.7 -3.0 -6.2 1.3 2.7 10.3 -9.6 -1.1 4.0 -0.7 4.9 2.0 0.5 2.3 0.5 -4.1 -3.3 2.4 -2.0 -3.2 -18.8 4.8 1.3 -5.1 -17.5 -3.8 -0.3 -4.6 3.6 -3.0 -1.6 0.2 -10.6 -0.3 2.7 -0.3 -1.0 1.0 1.8 -0.9 0.5 1.5 -1.5 -3.3 -6.5 1.3 -2.9 -3.3 14.1 1.1 -2.0 -9.2 -2.3 3.3 -0.4 0.0 0.3 16.2 4.4 0.1 8.0 0.6 -3.8 -1.0 -0.4 -1.1 2.6 -0.7 1.6 -5.2 -9.2 1.6 35.6 2.0 -7.5 5.1 -3.4 -8.9 0.8 -2.0 12.7 -7.0 0.7 -26.2 5.5 -0.4 3.0 -0.9 -4.0 -1.0 1.9 2.2 1.2 -1.9 2.2 -2.5 4.1 7.7 4.6 -4.1 0.3 4.1 2.2 -0.3 1.4 -4.3 1.3 1.1 -1.9 -37.0 -0.8 0.1 5.0 0.0 -15.7 8.2 5.0 -1.1 0.4 Services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for intermediate demand3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automotive parts, including tires, retailing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware, building material, and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of freight and mail2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier and messenger services, except air mail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services related to water transportation2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of freight and cargo2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing, storage, and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network compensation from broadcast TV, cable TV, radio2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in directories and mail lists2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Television advertising time sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radio advertising time sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internet advertising sales2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business wired telecommunication services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telecommunication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cable and satellite subscriber services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bundled wired telecommunication access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 ID6 57 57 57 57 57 57 58 58 ID6 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 31 31 32 3 33 1102 3 4 5 6 8101 6102 D 32 11 12 13 14 1601 1602 1603 17 2 1 31 1 3.6 3.1 4.3 -5.0 -9.0 3.2 -2.4 6.6 0.5 9.6 1.8 0.8 -3.6 11.0 0.4 7.1 4.3 4.1 0.7 2.0 5.0 1.3 1.8 0.5 1.5 1.5 -1.7 10.5 1.0 1.4 2.6 3.8 0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.2 -1.4 2.1 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -1.5 4.4 -5.8 1.1 -1.4 1.3 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 -1.5 2.2 -1.1 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.0 2.6 0.4 12.3 -0.1 0.7 1.1 1.2 3.0 5.5 10.4 -1.1 0.8 0.2 -1.3 0.1 1.1 -0.2 1.1 -0.7 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.1 -0.7 1.0 -0.1 0.5 0.0 -1.5 1.0 -1.3 -14.7 -3.9 -2.6 1.2 -2.2 -1.6 1.2 -1.4 0.7 2.1 -1.0 3.2 0.0 1.1 -0.7 2.6 0.5 7.1 2.3 0.2 0.0 -1.2 -0.6 2.8 0.8 -0.4 0.4 0.0 -1.4 0.0 0.0 0.4 1.1 -0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.4 0.0 2.2 0.6 -5.1 0.9 ID6 35 36 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 37 38 39 31 – 11 12 2 3 6 12 2 3 5 1 11 4.1 0.2 -1.6 0.1 -12.5 -4.8 1.3 2.6 1.2 4.0 -0.5 1.6 3.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 6.3 5.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 -1.0 -0.2 0.3 -1.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7 1.3 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 1.9 0.3 -0.2 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.0 -1.0 -15.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.8 1.6 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.5 7.4 0.0 1.1 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.1 2.8 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -8.4 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 -1.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 See footnotes at end of table. 23 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment banking2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Life insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and medical insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property and casualty insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annuities2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commissions from sales of insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential real estate rents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential property sales and leases2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential property management fees2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Passenger car rental. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck, utility trailer, and RV rental and leasing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting services (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising and related services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent placement services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Executive search services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staffing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Security guard services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Janitorial services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traveler accommodation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal treatment services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p 19.7 1.4 10.8 13.5 16.1 -1.2 2.3 6.8 0.7 0.3 5.3 -4.5 4.7 -3.8 -1.4 2.3 -3.7 0.1 -1.7 -0.7 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 1.4 -0.7 1.1 -2.1 0.1 3.2 -0.2 2.7 1.6 -0.7 0.0 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.1 1.1 -1.8 -0.4 1.3 -0.6 0.9 0.0 0.8 6.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.0 1.7 -1.0 3.3 -4.2 0.0 1.1 1.3 0.6 0.2 3.4 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.3 -3.6 0.0 -0.1 -2.0 -0.4 2.7 0.0 3.1 0.5 7.6 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 4.2 -0.3 -0.3 6.2 7.0 2.7 5.4 -0.2 -12.9 3.5 0.5 11.6 -0.5 4.5 -4.6 -0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.0 2.2 0.0 0.7 -0.9 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.8 2.3 0.2 2.4 0.0 -0.3 -4.5 0.1 2.0 2.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.2 2.8 0.7 -0.1 3.7 -0.8 0.4 1.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 -16.1 -0.3 0.0 0.6 0.0 -1.5 -1.2 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -2.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0 1.3 -3.8 39 39 40 40 40 41 41 41 41 42 43 43 43 44 44 2 3 1 2 3 1101 1103 1104 2 1 11 12 22 1 2 44 45 45 45 45 45 46 46 46 48 49 50 53 3 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 1 1 11 55 55 59 1 4 1 5.9 6.1 5.1 0.4 0.5 -0.3 0.8 0.2 0.6 1.2 -0.3 1.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.5 4 2 2.7 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6 2.1 -0.3 -31.9 7.6 -3.9 -0.9 1.2 2.4 -1.5 -6.2 -8.5 -1.2 9.1 1.8 1.6 -2.0 -4.5 -0.9 -1.4 -3.5 -1.3 -3.6 1.7 -3.6 -2.8 1.2 1.6 1.4 -4.9 0.2 -0.3 -3.0 0.1 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -4.0 -3.7 -3.5 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.2 -2.1 0.3 -0.3 0.1 -2.0 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.0 -1.4 4.8 -0.3 -1.4 1.1 1.1 2.1 -9.3 -2.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.0 -0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 2.4 0.4 1.2 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.6 -0.1 -5.2 -3.9 5.5 -1.3 -2.3 -2.0 -3.4 -0.7 -3.6 0.1 0.4 -0.9 -0.4 0.3 -1.3 0.0 0.9 -1.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.8 5.4 0.2 0.7 0.3 -1.3 -0.6 0.2 0.6 -8.3 2.3 -4.9 1.0 2.5 2.2 6.7 14.9 3.1 -0.3 7.9 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 1.0 0.0 -0.6 -1.4 1.4 0.0 0.2 3.4 0.2 -0.5 0.4 1.2 0.6 0.2 -0.2 2.5 0.8 1.9 0.9 -1.4 -1.4 -3.6 0.9 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.4 1.1 0.4 1.3 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 -7.8 0.5 -0.8 0.3 -1.0 -0.1 Construction for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID6 Maintenance and repair of non-residential buildings (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 4 intermediate demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed and packaged fish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dairy products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic organic chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared paint2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicinal and botanical chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biological products, including diagnostics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pharmaceutical preparations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic construction products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parts for manufacturing from plastics2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic packaging products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lumber. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Millwork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper boxes and containers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial printing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous wire and cable2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated structural metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other miscellaneous metal products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wiring devices2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 01 02 02 02 05 05 05 05 06 06 06 06 06 07 07 07 07 08 08 09 09 10 10 10 10 11 11 4 9411 2 21 23 3 42 43 71 7303 14 21 31 37 38 21 22 26 2A 1 2 1503 47 17 26 7 89 48 71 See footnotes at end of table. 24 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Electronic components and accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous electrical machinery and equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal combustion engines2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machine shop products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concrete ingredients and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concrete products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared asphalt, tar roofing and siding products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paving mixtures and blocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft engines and engine parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical, surgical and personal aid devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 4 intermediate demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline passenger services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing, storage, and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment banking2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annuities2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential real estate rents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential property sales and leases2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential property management fees2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential property management fees2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising agency services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting services (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staffing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Janitorial services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and alcohol wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal treatment services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 3 intermediate demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter cattle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter hogs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slaughter poultry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raw milk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jet fuel2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished lubricants2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lubricating oil base stocks2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic inorganic chemicals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic organic chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paints and allied products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p 11 11 11 11 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 ID5 30 30 30 32 36 38 39 39 40 40 40 41 41 43 43 43 43 78 79 94 95 2 3 61 94 12 23 25 6 9412 12 16 22 1 11 1 11 2 1 2 3 11 2 11 12 13 22 0.5 1.2 4.3 1.9 7.4 6.2 7.0 0.9 1.0 3.4 1.5 2.5 4.3 -3.6 5.2 2.0 1.8 -1.6 1.6 3.1 19.7 10.8 13.5 16.1 3.6 0.7 5.3 -4.5 7.6 4.7 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.5 -0.5 1.3 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.3 -1.2 2.3 0.1 -1.7 -0.7 0.3 0.0 1.4 -0.7 -0.9 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.4 -1.5 0.3 2.6 -0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.2 3.2 2.7 1.6 -0.7 0.4 -0.1 1.1 -1.8 1.4 -0.4 0.6 0.2 2.0 0.2 1.9 0.9 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.6 1.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.7 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.8 6.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 1.7 -1.0 -3.7 3.3 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.1 -0.4 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.5 -0.2 0.7 1.3 2.7 2.3 0.1 0.1 2.8 1.1 0.6 0.2 3.4 0.3 0.0 -3.6 0.0 4.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.0 2.2 0.9 0.0 -0.3 0.2 2.7 3.1 0.5 7.6 0.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.3 0.0 44 45 45 45 45 45 46 49 3 1 51 2 3 4 3 1 -0.3 6.2 -0.2 7.0 2.7 5.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.0 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.1 2.0 0.0 2.2 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.7 -0.8 0.4 0.0 1.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 55 57 57 57 57 57 57 58 59 1 1102 3 4 5 6 8 D 1 5.9 4.3 -5.0 -9.0 3.2 -2.4 6.6 9.6 5.1 0.4 1.5 -1.7 10.5 1.0 1.4 2.3 0.3 -0.3 0.8 -0.1 -1.5 4.4 -5.8 1.1 -1.2 -0.7 0.6 1.2 1.2 3.0 5.5 10.4 -1.1 0.7 -1.3 1.3 -0.4 1.0 -1.3 -14.7 -3.9 -2.6 1.1 -1.6 0.0 -0.3 -1.2 -0.6 2.8 0.8 -0.4 0.9 -1.4 0.5 ID5 ID5 01 01 01 01 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 06 06 06 3 9311 31 32 4 6 42 43 71 7203 7303 76 78 8102 13 14 2 -0.4 -3.8 17.9 -3.9 -6.4 2.0 1.2 2.4 -1.5 -8.9 -6.2 -0.9 -8.1 13.0 -12.7 -8.5 -1.6 -0.2 -1.1 -4.4 -4.4 -0.6 -1.4 -0.5 -0.2 -4.0 -5.8 -3.7 0.2 2.1 2.3 -0.1 -3.5 0.2 -0.4 -1.6 -3.2 -18.8 4.3 -5.1 1.1 1.1 2.1 -12.1 -9.3 0.7 -7.3 4.3 -0.2 -2.1 -0.1 0.3 0.0 1.3 -2.9 -1.4 1.1 -2.3 -2.0 -3.4 0.4 -0.7 0.3 -3.6 2.7 -1.2 -3.6 -0.1 1.0 2.6 1.6 35.6 0.8 5.1 2.5 2.2 6.7 11.5 14.9 -0.1 9.5 -13.7 -0.3 3.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 7.7 4.6 -3.5 4.1 -1.4 -1.4 -3.6 -6.0 0.9 -0.9 -5.2 9.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 See footnotes at end of table. 25 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Agricultural chemicals and chemical products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic resins and materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthetic rubber2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paperboard2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Converted paper and paperboard products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial printing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foundry and forge shop products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous mill shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous foundry shop products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal containers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Structural, architectural, and pre-engineered metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other miscellaneous metal products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General purpose machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft and aircraft equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 3 intermediate demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of freight and mail2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of freight and cargo2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Freight forwarding2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing, storage, and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wired telephone services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bundled wired telecommunications access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential real estate rents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting services (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising agency services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staffing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft repair maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal treatment services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 2 intermediate demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oilseeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared animal feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liquefied petroleum gas2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crude petroleum2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic resins and materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and wood chips2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p 06 06 07 07 09 09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 13 13 14 14 ID5 30 30 31 31 32 5 6 1102 22 13 14 15 47 15 17 25 28 3 74 81 89 4 7 21 22 12 2 9312 11 16 31 3201 1 -12.6 -6.2 -3.1 -4.5 -0.9 -5.7 -2.1 1.7 1.8 -3.6 -4.5 3.2 -2.3 -0.1 7.4 1.6 4.0 2.4 8.3 5.0 1.0 3.9 2.5 0.8 5.2 1.3 -2.3 1.8 -0.9 1.7 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -2.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 1.7 1.1 -1.5 0.6 0.1 -1.5 -0.3 0.0 0.9 2.4 0.1 0.7 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.7 -0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.3 12.3 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 -1.6 -1.3 0.3 0.7 -0.4 0.8 0.7 5.4 -0.1 0.1 0.4 1.2 1.8 0.3 -0.3 0.9 2.6 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.5 -1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 3.4 0.1 1.0 0.2 -1.3 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.2 1.2 -0.6 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -1.4 1.3 7.1 -2.3 2.3 -0.1 -1.9 3.6 -0.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.3 -7.8 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -1.4 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -5.1 0.0 0.9 36 37 37 38 39 39 40 41 43 45 45 45 45 45 46 55 57 57 57 57 57 57 59 1 1 5 1 11 2 1 11 11 1 2 3 4 51 3 4 1102 3 4 5 6 8101 1 -1.4 2.9 -0.5 1.6 3.1 19.7 10.8 3.6 5.3 6.2 7.0 2.7 5.4 -0.2 0.5 6.1 4.3 -5.0 -9.0 3.2 -2.4 6.6 5.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.3 -1.2 2.3 0.1 0.3 1.4 0.3 -0.4 0.0 2.2 0.0 0.2 0.5 1.5 -1.7 10.5 1.0 1.4 2.6 -0.3 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.3 -0.2 3.2 2.7 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -1.5 4.4 -5.8 1.1 -1.4 0.6 0.3 -0.1 1.6 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.1 1.7 2.0 2.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 1.2 3.0 5.5 10.4 -1.1 0.8 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 2.8 1.1 0.6 0.3 -3.6 0.4 1.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.0 -1.3 -14.7 -3.9 -2.6 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 2.7 3.1 0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 -1.2 -0.6 2.8 0.8 -0.4 0.4 0.5 ID5 ID5 01 01 02 05 05 05 05 05 06 06 07 08 2 9211 2202 83 9 1 31 32 61 7303 1 6 2 5 -0.4 -5.4 -33.7 -20.6 -10.6 0.8 -43.8 0.6 6.1 -6.2 -9.3 -6.2 -1.3 -2.7 -1.0 -2.5 -3.5 2.2 -0.2 2.7 10.3 -5.7 -9.6 -3.7 -2.9 1.7 0.2 -1.1 -1.2 -3.4 -2.0 -3.8 -0.7 -1.6 0.2 -0.8 -10.6 -9.3 -1.7 1.1 -0.1 -0.3 1.0 1.7 -6.5 -9.2 -2.5 0.3 16.2 3.5 4.4 -0.7 -3.1 -0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.9 -9.2 -8.9 -2.4 0.7 -26.2 3.6 5.5 14.9 2.5 1.0 0.0 -0.4 -1.3 -3.1 4.1 -0.3 -1.9 -1.9 -37.0 -0.5 -0.8 0.9 0.0 -1.9 0.2 0.1 See footnotes at end of table. 26 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Item code Paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paperboard, excluding corrugated paperboard2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial printing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron and steel scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous mill shapes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic components and accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 2 intermediate demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation of freight and mail2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Courier and messenger services, except air. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline passenger services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrangement of freight and cargo2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Television advertising time sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telecommunication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing and related services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment banking2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commissions from sales of insurance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting services (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising agency services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staffing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Security guard services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Janitorial services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traveler accommodation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 09 09 09 10 10 10 11 11 ID5 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 31 36 37 38 40 40 40 41 42 45 45 45 45 46 48 49 53 13 1411 47 12 17 25 7 78 9212 11 12 1601 1602 1603 17 22 31 21 2 1 1 2 31 11 11 1 2 4 51 3 1 1 1 55 58 1 D Stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 1 intermediate demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared animal feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial natural gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared paint2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic construction products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recyclable paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Converted paper and paperboard products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron and steel scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel mill products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary nonferrous metals2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonferrous wire and cable2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated structural metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General purpose machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage 1 intermediate demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation of freight2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline passenger services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business wired telecommunication services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telecommunication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 02 05 05 05 05 05 05 06 06 07 09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 13 ID5 30 30 1 9111 9 42 43 52 53 71 7303 1 21 21 12 13 15 12 17 22 23 26 7 4 21 9112 12 22 36 37 37 1 12 2 See footnotes at end of table. 27 Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p -0.9 -6.3 1.7 -18.1 -3.6 -4.5 2.4 0.5 3.2 0.8 -3.6 7.1 4.3 4.1 0.7 2.0 1.3 -12.5 1.2 1.6 10.8 13.5 16.1 3.6 0.3 6.2 7.0 5.4 -0.2 0.5 11.6 -0.5 -4.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 4.9 -2.0 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 6.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 -1.7 -0.7 0.3 0.0 0.3 -0.4 2.2 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.4 1.0 0.1 -2.0 0.0 -1.0 2.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -1.5 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.0 2.6 12.3 1.7 0.1 0.3 2.7 1.6 -0.7 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 2.4 0.0 -4.5 0.3 0.7 0.8 -3.8 5.4 -0.1 0.9 0.6 0.6 1.1 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 -1.0 0.1 0.4 0.8 6.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 2.0 2.2 0.2 0.0 -0.2 2.8 0.7 3.7 0.3 -0.2 0.2 -4.0 3.4 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.6 -1.4 0.7 3.2 0.0 1.1 -0.7 2.7 7.1 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.2 3.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 -1.2 -0.5 0.2 0.1 -15.7 -7.8 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.3 -0.4 0.0 2.2 -5.1 -8.4 0.1 -0.3 3.1 0.5 7.6 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -3.8 5.9 9.6 0.4 0.3 0.8 -0.7 1.2 -1.3 -0.4 -1.6 -0.3 -1.4 0.2 -3.0 -10.6 1.2 2.4 -7.1 -6.4 -1.5 -6.2 -9.3 -1.2 -2.0 77.5 -0.9 -2.1 -18.1 -3.6 6.6 -1.7 -2.8 1.2 4.0 8.3 3.5 -3.6 2.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 2.2 1.1 -4.0 -3.7 -2.9 0.0 0.0 4.0 -0.1 -0.2 4.9 -2.0 0.6 -0.7 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 1.1 1.1 2.0 -0.4 2.1 -9.3 -1.7 0.0 -0.4 2.7 0.1 -0.3 -1.0 2.4 -1.0 2.1 0.4 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 -1.5 2.6 0.4 -0.2 -2.5 -2.3 -2.0 -0.2 3.6 -3.4 -0.7 -3.1 0.1 0.3 8.0 0.3 -0.4 -3.8 5.4 0.6 -2.2 0.2 0.7 -0.3 2.6 0.9 -0.2 -0.7 0.4 1.4 -2.4 2.5 2.2 2.0 -0.4 6.7 14.9 2.5 -0.3 -0.1 3.0 0.3 0.2 -4.0 3.4 3.6 -0.9 0.2 -0.5 0.7 1.2 -0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.1 -0.7 -1.9 -1.4 -1.4 0.2 1.8 -3.6 0.9 0.0 -0.2 0.0 5.0 -0.5 -0.4 -15.7 -7.8 1.1 4.2 0.5 -0.8 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.4 2.2 -1.4 2.6 1.2 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final DemandIntermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024] Commodity code Grouping Group code Bundled wired telecommunications access services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business loans (partial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposit services (partial)2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services2. . . . . Portfolio management2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment banking2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential real estate rents2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management consulting services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traveler accommodation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals and allied products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and plastics products wholesaling2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item code Unadjusted 12-month percent change1 Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change1 Mar. 2023 to Mar. 2024p Oct. to Nov. Nov. to Dec.p Dec. to Jan.p Jan. to Feb.p Feb. to Mar.p 37 39 39 40 40 40 41 43 45 45 50 53 5 11 2 1 2 3 11 11 3 41 1 11 -0.5 3.1 19.7 10.8 13.5 16.1 3.6 5.3 2.7 5.4 4.5 -4.6 -0.2 -1.2 2.3 0.1 -1.7 -0.7 0.3 1.4 0.0 2.2 0.9 1.0 1.9 -0.2 3.2 2.7 1.6 -0.7 0.4 1.1 0.1 0.8 -0.3 -4.5 1.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 6.1 0.3 0.1 1.7 0.0 0.2 -0.1 3.7 0.1 2.8 1.1 0.6 0.2 3.4 0.3 -3.6 -0.1 -0.2 -1.5 -1.2 -0.2 0.2 2.7 3.1 0.5 7.6 0.2 -0.6 0.0 0.1 1.3 -3.8 55 57 57 57 57 57 58 60 1 1102 3 4 5 6 D 1 5.9 4.3 -5.0 -9.0 3.2 -2.4 9.6 1.8 0.4 1.5 -1.7 10.5 1.0 1.4 0.3 1.2 0.8 -0.1 -1.5 4.4 -5.8 1.1 -0.7 1.3 1.2 1.2 3.0 5.5 10.4 -1.1 -1.3 -0.2 -0.4 1.0 -1.3 -14.7 -3.9 -2.6 -1.6 0.4 -0.3 -1.2 -0.6 2.8 0.8 -0.4 -1.4 0.6 1 All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January. Seasonal tests did not indicate the presence of seasonality. Data shown is not seasonally adjusted. 3 Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers. p Preliminary ″-″ Data not available. NOTE: The term ″(partial)″ denotes incomplete coverage of the index category. 2 28 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted [March 2024, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Commodity Other code index Group Item base code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Nov. 2023 Dec. 2023p Jan. 2024p Feb. 2024p Mar. 2024p Final Demand Final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods, crude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer foods, processed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer energy goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods less foods and energy2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable consumer goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital equipment for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods, excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods excluding foods, energy, and capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods for export, excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand trade services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of finished goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of personal consumption goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of private capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of government purchased goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of government purchased goods, excluding capital equipment. . . Trade of government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of private passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of government passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for final demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of finished goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of personal consumption goods. . . . . Transportation and warehousing of private capital equipment. . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of government purchased goods. . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . Finished services less trade, transportation, and warehousing2. . . . . . . . . . . Finished consumer services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gov. purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing, excl. capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services for export less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . Final demand construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction for private capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction for government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 4 41 411 4111 41113 41112 4112 4113 412 4121 4122 4123 413 4131 41311 413111 413112 41312 413121 413122 4132 142.267 142.960 150.798 266.783 264.889 265.806 156.471 149.282 141.212 219.817 153.323 137.968 141.429 249.122 276.782 359.741 191.834 213.944 229.715 209.227 137.555 142.159 142.801 150.784 266.963 248.093 267.603 157.478 148.315 140.064 221.175 145.706 127.662 141.539 249.241 276.897 360.071 191.767 214.061 230.232 209.225 137.618 142.676 142.631 150.402 268.089 267.841 266.949 155.338 144.015 138.383 218.244 144.143 127.656 141.900 250.063 277.336 360.513 192.176 215.183 231.891 210.189 138.202 143.466 144.309 152.078 273.084 295.277 269.769 156.961 140.482 144.048 225.602 154.492 135.083 142.347 250.898 278.357 362.520 192.323 215.818 232.610 210.800 138.632 143.687 144.137 153.345 275.281 283.379 273.309 158.263 141.857 141.794 222.313 151.739 131.977 142.422 251.468 278.663 362.460 192.914 216.596 233.867 211.436 139.022 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 41321 41322 4133 42 423 4231 42311 42312 4232 42321 42322 4233 422 4221 42211 42212 42213 4222 42221 422211 422212 42222 42223 421 4211 145.539 125.447 137.287 140.824 152.081 149.976 149.534 150.232 166.279 172.210 155.824 166.506 149.708 133.715 133.720 133.517 133.701 155.125 153.084 153.621 150.905 153.786 161.277 134.739 135.057 145.588 125.526 137.480 140.733 150.337 148.674 149.599 142.888 161.596 171.279 145.581 161.700 149.515 137.204 137.202 136.968 137.219 153.496 151.287 151.862 148.955 152.375 159.980 135.325 135.566 145.771 126.579 137.572 141.559 150.637 148.470 148.894 144.908 163.977 171.303 151.460 165.999 149.245 136.259 136.259 136.032 136.267 153.492 151.222 151.801 148.877 152.463 160.095 136.472 136.726 146.293 126.892 137.962 141.978 150.783 148.750 149.347 144.417 164.096 171.463 151.514 164.851 150.920 139.873 139.866 139.607 139.913 154.399 152.171 152.795 149.639 153.631 160.859 136.869 137.121 146.575 127.404 137.499 142.378 151.229 149.178 149.497 146.075 164.626 171.168 153.267 165.436 152.117 142.952 142.939 142.651 143.018 154.855 152.641 153.258 150.138 154.142 161.273 137.165 137.344 FD 42111 134.373 134.845 136.215 136.670 136.871 FD 42112 141.528 142.329 141.853 141.786 142.181 FD 4212 125.364 126.045 127.178 127.357 127.523 FD 42121 126.017 126.686 127.949 128.146 128.282 FD FD FD FD FD 42122 4213 43 431 432 110.003 141.691 174.118 178.171 166.586 110.805 143.293 174.176 178.287 166.522 110.049 144.286 174.643 178.685 167.138 109.952 144.947 174.602 178.648 167.090 110.537 146.460 174.757 178.839 167.167 04/10 04/10 FD FD 49101 49102 139.896 140.272 139.863 140.228 140.378 140.732 141.226 141.458 141.440 141.692 04/10 04/10 FD FD 49103 49104 140.299 140.092 140.203 140.048 140.985 140.757 141.418 141.166 141.726 141.486 04/10 FD 49105 139.924 139.759 140.377 141.149 141.289 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 Final Demand Special Groupings Final demand less exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods and energy4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 29 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Final demand less foods4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand services less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand goods plus final demand distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Final demand less foods, energy, and trade services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private and government purchased capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private and government purchased capital investment services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private and government purchased capital investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods and energy2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less foods2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total finished less energy2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods less energy2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods, excluding foods2, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private capital investment services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished distributive services2, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services less trade services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished services less distributive services2, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction). . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods plus finished distributive services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services for export. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total government purchases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchased services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total government purchased capital investment (goods, services, construction).. . Government purchases, defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government purchases, non-defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods (finished consumer goods). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption nondurable goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods, energy, and trade services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption less foods, energy, and distributive services5. . . . . . . . . . . . Personal consumption goods plus personal consumption distributive services5. . . Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Nov. 2023 Dec. 2023p Jan. 2024p Feb. 2024p Mar. 2024p 04/10 04/10 01/10 01/10 01/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 08/13 08/13 08/13 08/13 01/10 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 49106 49107 49108 49109 49111 49112 49113 49114 49115 49116 49117 49118 49119 49201 139.681 140.446 138.344 137.791 141.964 138.229 134.959 149.478 143.594 129.107 129.175 134.412 135.019 140.852 139.569 140.403 138.595 138.122 142.046 138.043 135.467 147.787 142.802 129.471 129.247 132.021 133.861 140.900 140.128 141.050 139.153 138.704 142.243 137.921 136.472 148.034 142.808 130.236 129.981 132.599 134.472 141.413 140.858 141.529 140.074 139.627 142.950 139.563 136.985 148.294 143.873 130.684 130.356 132.441 134.525 142.211 141.018 141.901 140.244 139.785 143.282 139.096 137.363 148.733 143.957 130.955 130.833 133.272 135.133 142.443 12/10 01/10 FD FD 49202 49203 139.774 140.634 139.765 140.624 140.429 141.288 140.854 141.719 141.171 142.046 12/10 01/10 01/10 00/82 00/82 00/82 01/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 00/82 04/10 04/10 00/82 04/10 08/13 05/15 05/15 01/10 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/14 04/14 04/14 08/13 FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD FD 49204 49205 49206 49207 49208 49209 49210 49211 49212 49213 49214 49215 49216 49301 49302 49303 49401 49402 49403 49404 49405 49406 49501 49502 49503 49504 49508 49505 49506 49507 49510 49511 49512 49509 138.957 140.369 141.142 254.608 253.009 250.745 139.121 144.579 147.261 134.879 134.145 143.040 144.494 140.493 232.645 151.774 137.462 233.516 134.003 132.986 125.055 131.511 140.270 271.823 273.014 272.055 307.115 137.758 137.368 137.016 129.134 126.456 126.354 132.751 139.002 140.413 141.139 255.077 253.144 251.288 139.094 142.184 145.926 135.326 134.716 141.811 143.986 139.912 231.728 151.109 136.647 230.591 133.801 131.863 123.404 131.138 140.609 272.446 273.157 272.861 308.312 138.097 137.775 137.500 129.423 126.815 126.801 132.829 139.506 140.920 141.801 254.988 254.045 250.879 139.800 142.664 145.743 136.368 135.821 142.361 143.872 140.378 231.014 152.814 137.203 230.136 135.032 133.120 124.117 131.587 141.114 271.823 273.898 271.498 306.156 138.835 138.579 138.335 130.064 127.846 127.883 132.395 140.188 141.609 142.361 258.454 255.993 253.935 140.232 142.485 146.097 136.857 136.286 142.407 145.042 140.699 231.579 153.131 138.578 235.189 135.339 133.234 125.823 132.696 142.084 276.533 276.652 276.051 312.722 139.360 139.673 139.435 130.555 128.358 128.380 133.746 140.355 141.787 142.738 258.353 256.999 253.232 140.562 143.355 146.522 137.150 136.570 143.065 145.218 140.947 230.906 154.275 138.619 234.680 135.656 133.734 125.684 132.820 142.219 276.045 277.783 274.427 310.097 139.606 139.804 139.554 130.776 128.604 128.620 133.716 00/82 00/82 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 1 11 111 1111 1112 1113 112 1121 1122 12 121 122 13 131 255.588 231.059 142.407 248.841 261.015 273.026 188.361 145.270 132.994 352.868 167.847 179.358 247.721 258.227 254.475 231.609 142.796 250.340 259.702 275.831 188.704 145.698 133.228 353.706 168.020 179.974 240.649 251.428 254.135 232.130 142.976 246.532 257.691 280.925 189.426 145.443 133.776 354.423 168.497 180.223 237.949 247.844 257.995 234.073 144.714 250.728 260.183 284.561 189.874 146.074 134.079 355.337 169.294 180.381 252.070 257.048 256.651 233.015 143.477 254.258 260.432 276.508 190.241 146.267 134.342 355.140 169.449 180.071 248.302 254.913 Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Processed goods Processed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials and components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials and components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materials for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fuels and lubricants to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 See footnotes at end of table. 30 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Processed fuels and lubricants to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . Containers for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, other than feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Nov. 2023 Dec. 2023p Jan. 2024p Feb. 2024p Mar. 2024p 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 132 14 15 151 152 1521 1522 244.687 304.671 250.610 245.378 249.433 234.791 253.343 237.520 304.742 250.570 245.616 249.350 230.922 253.751 235.097 304.367 250.219 246.674 248.784 224.963 253.881 250.809 304.489 250.243 246.594 248.823 217.276 254.927 246.515 303.480 250.077 246.948 248.578 213.156 255.185 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 2 21 22 221 2211 251.309 219.200 263.730 328.565 303.588 240.982 211.966 251.599 310.566 286.046 244.612 208.824 260.013 315.471 290.426 242.896 212.133 254.704 321.728 296.312 238.367 216.786 243.670 320.577 295.108 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 2212 222 2221 2222 357.427 128.545 226.485 126.693 358.968 128.087 223.405 126.369 367.831 142.735 229.510 141.917 372.202 115.813 220.666 113.208 374.206 86.620 206.247 82.349 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 3 33 331 332 32 321 3211 3212 322 3221 147.485 176.792 161.463 157.379 155.934 133.581 133.679 133.630 158.348 130.954 148.131 176.411 160.864 157.280 157.166 137.031 137.195 137.073 159.374 130.134 149.236 178.297 164.372 157.256 157.301 136.096 136.243 136.139 159.610 130.434 149.214 175.562 160.623 156.014 159.224 139.669 139.886 139.705 161.383 130.569 149.560 175.641 160.824 155.962 159.246 142.712 142.990 142.741 161.123 131.009 Unprocessed goods Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to manufacturing industries. . . Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel to manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed fuel to nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services Services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for intermediate demand3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for manufacturing industries. . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12/12 12/12 12/12 12/12 ID6 3222 141.635 143.038 143.219 145.191 144.768 ID6 31 138.246 138.997 140.102 140.301 140.759 ID6 311 129.610 130.217 132.496 132.397 132.913 ID6 312 138.521 139.277 140.342 140.551 141.007 ID6 4 145.959 145.988 146.400 146.405 147.220 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 ID6 9111 9112 9113 9118 9115 9116 9117 9211 9212 9213 9216 256.821 243.805 248.871 254.196 255.045 166.265 146.310 270.176 203.760 273.368 434.930 255.570 244.033 241.766 254.587 255.455 166.501 145.932 256.890 188.145 268.187 436.281 255.598 240.090 239.053 254.841 256.251 167.644 146.105 267.347 200.143 264.388 430.532 259.766 240.907 253.253 256.073 257.533 166.904 147.446 262.929 196.201 264.930 422.443 258.132 242.420 249.464 255.355 256.530 166.835 146.892 250.215 182.581 268.650 423.105 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 4 41 411 4111 4112 4113 412 4123 4122 41221 41222 4121 42 149.042 146.109 138.471 144.619 150.873 137.523 171.537 184.380 136.640 133.700 146.264 131.640 146.598 149.382 145.946 138.360 144.367 142.766 137.508 171.198 183.762 136.471 137.218 145.361 132.071 147.202 150.233 146.617 138.482 141.650 140.543 138.086 173.698 187.019 136.770 136.266 145.926 132.898 148.248 150.472 146.344 138.574 138.785 140.605 138.632 172.191 184.849 136.895 139.912 145.368 132.876 148.787 150.718 146.046 138.247 139.261 138.619 138.196 171.995 184.367 137.675 143.017 145.744 133.197 149.418 Construction Construction for intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Special Groupings Processed materials less foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed energy goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed materials less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intermediate distributive services6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed goods plus intermediate distributive services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed materials less agricultural products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed energy materials7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 04/10 04/10 00/82 00/82 00/82 00/82 Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Stage 4 Intermediate Demand Stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 31 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Nov. 2023 Dec. 2023p Jan. 2024p Feb. 2024p Mar. 2024p Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 4 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 421 4211 4212 4213 422 4223 4222 42221 42222 4221 423 43 431 4312 4313 432 4323 4322 43221 43222 4321 146.116 147.667 141.389 147.539 146.540 165.105 151.294 133.199 154.998 143.012 145.959 163.248 167.086 150.066 172.627 153.332 173.615 147.620 139.372 148.603 132.755 146.167 148.301 141.172 147.566 147.328 163.551 152.424 136.683 155.734 144.008 145.988 163.608 167.553 148.907 173.268 153.427 174.439 145.883 143.033 146.726 132.931 145.306 146.394 138.771 147.936 149.008 165.999 152.595 135.740 156.095 145.752 146.400 164.030 167.792 145.554 173.873 154.303 176.496 145.866 142.042 146.733 133.128 147.265 147.842 143.860 148.189 149.070 165.013 155.542 139.350 158.941 145.623 146.405 164.165 168.903 153.954 174.287 151.982 170.456 146.374 145.835 147.165 132.900 147.169 150.750 141.641 148.426 149.943 165.074 156.163 142.425 159.150 146.603 147.220 164.009 168.600 151.144 174.227 152.195 170.574 146.853 149.066 147.579 133.083 Stage 3 Intermediate Demand Stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 3 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 3 31 311 3111 3112 3113 312 3123 3122 31221 31222 3121 32 321 3211 3212 3213 322 3223 3222 32221 32222 3221 323 33 331 3313 332 3323 3322 33222 3321 146.099 153.673 148.095 160.139 142.029 147.460 164.832 173.004 149.889 142.354 150.093 135.634 139.304 127.826 157.256 128.918 135.774 142.150 200.490 163.004 104.355 163.509 133.420 145.959 142.173 133.515 170.130 171.347 176.619 116.109 122.557 126.124 145.544 152.747 147.005 155.700 137.215 147.991 164.598 173.081 148.840 146.097 148.781 136.002 139.007 122.166 156.193 119.615 135.739 143.261 201.309 165.590 104.603 166.107 134.149 145.988 142.294 133.803 170.497 171.283 176.493 116.385 122.848 126.672 145.970 153.499 147.228 153.718 137.775 149.143 167.338 177.883 149.090 145.084 149.101 136.607 139.203 121.720 155.102 118.624 136.193 143.624 198.778 165.645 104.462 166.163 134.770 146.400 142.305 134.145 170.933 170.901 175.947 117.379 123.898 127.684 147.467 154.602 149.628 159.287 135.837 150.524 163.335 169.996 149.760 148.964 149.593 136.316 141.015 128.963 154.295 130.390 136.561 144.028 197.800 168.297 104.633 168.828 134.641 146.405 141.625 134.716 171.661 168.630 173.480 116.610 123.087 127.230 147.446 155.081 149.992 162.988 138.168 149.369 164.228 171.096 150.452 152.268 150.140 136.792 140.640 127.494 154.120 127.734 136.952 143.924 197.991 167.365 104.745 167.891 134.747 147.220 141.358 135.092 172.140 167.553 172.215 116.872 123.363 127.899 Stage 2 Intermediate Demand Stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 2 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 2 21 211 2111 2112 2113 212 2123 2122 21221 21222 2121 213 135.574 124.165 119.479 159.015 90.224 141.694 151.838 172.162 168.822 134.185 170.824 137.060 145.959 133.968 120.716 114.915 155.451 83.591 141.242 151.664 170.519 169.628 137.560 171.507 137.576 145.988 135.347 122.708 117.189 148.098 88.783 140.371 152.959 172.675 170.503 136.642 172.470 138.513 146.400 135.276 121.622 115.781 139.663 87.357 140.900 152.797 171.889 170.221 140.134 172.005 139.154 146.405 133.567 118.690 111.720 137.626 81.616 139.789 153.196 172.354 170.631 143.107 172.291 139.532 147.220 See footnotes at end of table. 32 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code Seasonally adjusted index1 Nov. 2023 Dec. 2023p Jan. 2024p Feb. 2024p Mar. 2024p Inputs to stage 2 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 22 221 2211 2212 2213 222 2223 2222 22221 22222 2221 223 144.988 143.978 114.112 151.558 144.187 144.669 190.064 142.897 134.133 145.072 143.546 145.959 145.716 143.507 113.580 147.011 143.984 145.558 192.684 149.319 137.637 152.055 143.949 145.988 146.289 143.076 112.632 147.243 143.515 146.257 187.251 148.792 136.688 151.604 145.028 146.400 147.463 144.299 110.879 159.277 144.071 147.447 187.470 152.266 140.318 155.063 146.101 146.405 147.307 143.798 110.217 155.000 143.819 147.312 188.136 149.906 143.410 151.692 146.093 147.220 Stage 1 Intermediate Demand Stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 goods producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 services producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inputs to stage 1 construction producers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods excluding foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing of goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 1 11 111 1111 1112 1113 112 1123 1122 11221 11222 1121 113 12 121 1211 1212 1213 122 1223 1222 12221 12222 1221 123 13 131 1312 1313 132 1323 1322 13222 1321 145.548 143.398 140.209 142.438 127.309 146.536 156.228 171.957 157.780 133.675 161.960 110.815 145.959 145.439 145.833 128.006 154.372 149.925 144.604 178.080 143.581 133.595 164.193 139.775 145.959 163.626 164.428 137.291 170.385 162.701 173.247 122.010 126.204 139.325 145.297 142.883 139.560 140.969 122.982 146.895 156.089 170.786 159.432 137.192 163.130 111.690 145.988 145.434 144.162 128.022 148.468 150.150 145.299 179.242 144.665 137.110 164.112 140.361 145.988 162.942 163.584 125.462 170.853 162.405 173.483 120.292 124.427 139.993 145.848 143.542 139.119 135.546 122.757 147.238 159.936 177.198 159.700 136.240 163.698 112.301 146.400 146.009 143.768 127.987 146.418 150.512 146.279 178.187 144.474 136.159 164.301 141.696 146.400 163.113 163.960 124.336 171.417 162.072 173.059 120.092 124.220 140.926 146.435 143.258 140.104 130.412 127.758 148.320 155.939 169.609 161.232 139.885 164.682 112.512 146.405 147.056 147.280 144.734 157.036 150.757 146.279 176.619 147.139 139.801 166.736 141.472 146.405 164.035 165.929 139.057 171.880 160.415 170.442 120.939 125.096 140.095 146.258 142.026 138.107 131.716 125.230 145.839 156.912 170.687 162.651 142.990 165.663 113.131 147.220 147.472 146.908 138.610 155.736 150.843 147.026 176.506 148.221 142.904 166.870 142.246 147.220 164.032 166.197 139.437 172.139 159.742 169.317 121.382 125.554 140.313 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 9411 9412 9413 9414 9415 9416 9311 9312 9313 9314 9315 9316 9211 9212 9213 9214 9215 9216 9111 143.471 150.408 144.750 142.730 131.303 146.523 135.773 145.068 144.750 142.511 128.395 139.837 116.144 146.845 144.750 159.358 89.024 134.158 129.880 143.526 150.995 144.779 142.856 130.720 146.671 133.642 145.941 144.779 138.586 119.937 140.256 112.208 147.485 144.779 155.820 82.552 133.786 128.970 143.378 152.725 145.187 140.539 128.383 147.208 133.692 146.681 145.187 136.829 119.195 141.242 114.103 148.327 145.187 148.522 87.580 133.054 128.714 144.224 152.402 145.192 139.542 133.379 147.657 137.132 146.339 145.192 141.736 128.702 142.399 113.030 149.202 145.192 140.141 86.334 133.559 130.490 143.977 153.086 146.000 141.026 131.264 147.452 137.031 146.390 146.000 145.000 126.837 141.556 109.526 149.192 146.000 138.113 80.729 132.701 129.538 Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Special Groupings Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand. . . . . . goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 See footnotes at end of table. 33 Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted — Continued [March 2024, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated] Grouping Total Total Total Total Total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand. . . . . . Commodity Other code index Item base Group code code 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 04/10 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 ID5 1 9112 9117 9114 9115 9116 Seasonally adjusted index1 Nov. 2023 Dec. 2023p Jan. 2024p Feb. 2024p Mar. 2024p 147.025 144.750 133.618 136.914 126.417 147.509 144.779 132.272 131.337 126.700 148.890 145.187 127.296 130.157 127.027 148.098 145.192 122.976 138.536 127.605 148.787 146.000 124.030 136.937 126.671 All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January. PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand. 3 Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers. 4 The PPI definition of foods does not include food and beverages for immediate consumption. PPI defines food and beverages for immediate consumption as the service of preparing meals, snacks, and beverages to customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption. 5 Distributive services include transportation, warehousing, and trade of goods. 6 Includes intermediate trade, transportation, and warehousing services. 7 Includes crude petroleum. 8 Excludes crude petroleum. p Preliminary ″-″ Data not available. 2 34
@FedFRASER