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News
Bureau of Labor Statistics

United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212

FOR DATA ONLY: (202) 691-5200
FOR TECHNICAL INFORMATION:
(202) 691-7705
MEDIA CONTACT: (202) 691-5902
http://www.bls.gov/ppi

USDL 08-1273
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN
THIS RELEASE IS EMBARGOED
UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EDT), FRIDAY
SEPTEMBER 12, 2008

Producer Price Indexes – August 2008
The Producer Price Index for Finished Goods declined 0.9 percent in August, seasonally adjusted, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. This decrease followed advances of
1.2 percent in July and 1.8 percent in June. At the earlier stages of processing, prices received by manufacturers
of intermediate goods fell 1.0 percent in August after rising 2.7 percent in the prior month, and the crude goods
index dropped 11.9 percent following a 4.2-percent increase in July. (See table A.)
Leading the downturn in prices for finished goods, the index for energy goods fell 4.6 percent in August
after climbing 3.1 percent in July. Prices for goods other than foods and energy advanced 0.2 percent following
a 0.7-percent rise in the previous month. The index for consumer foods increased 0.3 percent in August, the
same rate as in July.

Before seasonal adjustment, the Producer Price Index for Finished Goods decreased 1.6 percent in
August to 182.1 (1982 = 100). From August 2007 to August 2008, prices for finished goods advanced 9.6
percent. Over the same period, the index for finished energy goods increased 27.4 percent, prices for finished
goods other than foods and energy rose 3.6 percent, and the index for finished consumer foods climbed 9.1
percent. At the earlier stages of processing, prices received by producers of intermediate goods jumped 16.7
percent and the crude goods index surged 38.1 percent for the 12 months ended in August.
Finished goods
The index for finished energy goods declined 4.6 percent in August following a 3.1-percent advance in
July. Prices for liquefied petroleum gas dropped 19.5 percent in August after rising 10.8 percent a month
earlier. The indexes for residential natural gas, home heating oil, diesel fuel, and kerosene also turned down
following increases in July. Gasoline prices fell more in August than they had in the prior month, while the
index for residential electric power rose less than it had in July. Conversely, slightly counteracting the overall
downturn in finished energy goods, prices for finished lubricants advanced 8.6 percent in August after moving
up 5.4 percent in the preceding month. (See table 2.)
The index for finished goods other than foods and energy moved up 0.2 percent in August following a
0.7-percent jump in July. Prices for pharmaceutical preparations advanced 0.4 percent in August after rising 0.7
percent in the prior month. The indexes for light motor trucks, passenger cars, heavy motor trucks, and for
medical, surgical, and personal aid devices fell after advancing in July. Prices for turbines and turbine generator
sets were unchanged in August following a surge in the previous month. By contrast, the civilian aircraft index
climbed 0.7 percent after rising 0.3 percent in July. Prices for pet food and for industrial trucks and tractors also
moved up more than they had a month earlier.

2

The index for finished consumer foods increased 0.3 percent in August, the same as in July. In August,
higher prices for meats, canned vegetables and vegetable juices, eggs for fresh use, Irish potatoes for consumer
use, spices, and confectionery end products outweighed lower prices for fresh vegetables (excluding potatoes),
packaged fluid milk and related products, fresh fruits and melons, and for shortening and cooking oils.
Intermediate goods
The Producer Price Index for Intermediate Materials, Supplies, and Components declined 1.0 percent in
August following a 2.7-percent increase in July. Prices for intermediate energy goods and for intermediate
foods and feeds turned down after rising in July. The indexes for materials for both durable and nondurable
manufacturing and for materials and components for construction advanced less than they had in the previous
month. Excluding foods and energy, the intermediate materials index rose 1.7 percent after increasing 2.0
percent in July. (See table B.)
Prices for intermediate energy goods fell 8.2 percent in August after moving up 4.3 percent in July. The
jet fuels index dropped 24.9 percent compared with a 6.5-percent increase a month earlier. Prices also turned
down in August for diesel fuel, utility natural gas, residual fuels, liquefied petroleum gas, and heating oil. The
index for gasoline fell more than in July. By contrast, slightly offsetting the downturn in intermediate energy
goods prices, the index for finished lubricants advanced 8.6 percent in August following a 5.4-percent gain in
the prior month. (See table 2.)
Prices for intermediate foods and feeds edged down 0.2 percent in August after rising 4.0 percent in
July. The index for formula feeds decreased 1.7 percent following an 8.3-percent advance in the previous
month. Prices for shortening and cooking oils and for fluid milk products also turned down after rising in July.
The indexes for corn, cottonseed, and soybean cake and meal and for beef and veal increased less than in July.
By contrast, flour prices advanced 1.5 percent in August after dropping 7.8 percent in the prior month. The
indexes for pork and for refined sugar and byproducts rose more in August than a month earlier. Prices for
natural cheese (except cottage cheese) fell less than in July.
The index for materials for durable manufacturing moved up 0.4 percent in August after climbing 1.5
percent in July. Prices for thermoplastic resins and materials increased 2.9 percent following an 8.7-percent
advance in the prior month. The indexes for primary nonferrous metals, copper and brass mill shapes,
secondary precious metals, and specialty glass turned down after rising in July. By contrast, prices for
semifinished steel mill products advanced 5.2 percent in August after moving up 2.2 percent in the previous
month. The index for prepared paint also increased more than it had in July. Prices for cold rolled steel sheet
and strip fell less in August than a month earlier. The indexes for softwood lumber and refined lead turned up
after declining in July.
The materials for nondurable manufacturing index advanced 5.2 percent in August following a 5.4percent rise in July. In August, higher prices for industrial chemicals, agricultural chemicals and chemical
products, plastic resins and materials, non-corrugated paperboard, woodpulp, rubber and rubber products, and
writing and printing papers outweighed lower prices for inedible fats and oils and for shortening and cooking
oils.
The index for materials and components for construction increased 1.5 percent in August following a
1.7-percent rise in July. Prices for paving mixtures and blocks advanced 9.6 percent following a 14.5-percent
jump in the prior month. Prices for cast iron pressure and soil pipe and fittings, plastic construction products,
and nonferrous wire and cable also increased less in August. The indexes for custom roll form metal products
and wiring devices turned down after rising in the preceding month. Conversely, softwood lumber prices
advanced 1.1 percent in August following a 3.4-percent decline a month earlier. The indexes for architectural
coatings; roofing asphalt, pitches, coatings, and cement; and gypsum products rose more than they had in July.
3

Crude goods
The Producer Price Index for Crude Materials for Further Processing fell 11.9 percent in August
compared with a 4.2-percent advance in the previous month. This downturn was broad based, with prices for
crude energy materials, foodstuffs and feedstuffs, and nonfood materials less energy all decreasing after rising
in July. (See table B.)
Prices for crude energy materials dropped 19.4 percent following a 6.9-percent gain in July. A major
contributor to this downturn was the natural gas index which dropped 23.9 percent in August compared with a
7.8-percent increase in the preceding month. Similarly, prices for crude petroleum fell 17.6 percent after
moving up 6.7 percent in July. By contrast, partially offsetting the downturn in prices for crude energy
materials, the coal index rose 2.7 percent subsequent to a 2.1-percent advance a month earlier. (See table 2.)
The crude foodstuffs and feedstuffs index moved down 5.2 percent in August after edging up 0.1 percent
in the prior month. Prices for soybeans declined 21.8 percent compared with a 7.0-percent rise in July. The
index for slaughter poultry also turned down in August. Prices for corn and fluid milk declined more than they
had a month earlier. The index for slaughter steers and heifers increased less than it had in July. By contrast,
the index for slaughter hogs climbed 20.1 percent following a 2.1-percent decrease a month earlier. Prices for
wheat and ungraded chicken eggs also turned up in August. The fresh fruits and melons index declined less
than it had in July.
The index for crude nonfood materials less energy fell 1.9 percent following a 3.4-percent advance in
July. Leading this downturn, prices for iron and steel scrap fell 3.7 percent compared with a 5.2-percent
increase in the previous month. Similarly, the indexes for nonferrous scrap; gold ores; soybeans; plant and
animal fibers; and softwood logs, bolts, and timber also turned down in August. Conversely, prices for
construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone advanced 1.3 percent after edging down 0.2 percent in July. The
phosphates index increased more than it had a month earlier.
Net output price indexes
Mining, Utilities, and Manufacturing Industries. The Producer Price Index for the Net Output of Total
Mining, Utilities, and Manufacturing Industries turned down 1.4 percent after climbing 2.2 percent in July.
(Net output price indexes are not seasonally adjusted.) The index for the petroleum refineries industry declined
11.4 percent in August after increasing 5.5 percent a month earlier. Prices received by natural gas distributors;
oil and gas extractors; automotive, light truck, and utility vehicle manufacturers; as well as by complete swine
feed producers also turned down after advancing in the prior month. The industry index for electric power
distribution was unchanged in August after moving higher in the previous month, and prices received by
livestock slaughterhouses rose less than in July. Conversely, partially offsetting the downturn in the index for
total mining, utilities, and manufacturing industries, the increase in prices received by the electric power
generation industry accelerated to 8.1 percent in August from 5.0 percent in the preceding month. In August,
the index for total mining, utilities, and manufacturing industries was 117.2 (December 2006 = 100), 12.5
percent above its year-ago level.

4

Trade Industries. The advance in the Producer Price Index for the Net Output of Total Trade Industries
accelerated to 2.1 percent in August from 1.1 percent in July. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins
received by wholesalers and retailers.) The margin index for merchant wholesalers of nondurable goods
jumped 7.9 percent in August after moving up 0.2 percent in the prior month. Margins received by merchant
wholesalers of durable goods also climbed more than in July. The margin indexes for fuel dealers and women’s
clothing stores turned up in August after falling a month earlier. By contrast, the margin index for gasoline
stations with convenience stores rose 5.0 percent following a 24.2-percent jump in July. Margins received by
pharmacies and drug stores, grocery stores (excluding convenience stores), and non-discount department stores
turned down in August after moving higher in the previous month. In August, the index for total trade
industries was 112.4 (December 2006 = 100), 7.7 percent above its year- ago level.
Transportation and Warehousing Industries. The increase in the Producer Price Index for the Net Output of
Total Transportation and Warehousing Industries slowed to 0.2 percent in August from 0.8 percent in July. The
index for the couriers industry climbed 1.0 percent in August after rising 2.4 percent in the prior month. Prices
received by the industries for scheduled passenger air transportation, long-distance specialized freight trucking
of new goods, nonscheduled air passenger chartering, freight transportation arrangement, as well as, the general
freight trucking industry group, turned down after advancing in July. Conversely, the industry index for
scheduled freight air transportation turned up 11.9 percent in August after falling 5.6 percent a month earlier.
Prices received by deep sea freight transporters increased more than in July. In August, the index for total
transportation and warehousing industries was 116.1 (December 2006 = 100), 10.2 percent above its year-ago
level.
Traditional Service Industries. The Producer Price Index for the Net Output for Total Traditional Service
Industries turned up 0.7 percent in August after edging down 0.2 percent in July. The index for the commercial
banking industry climbed 5.2 percent in August after declining 5.5 percent a month earlier. Prices received by
the industries for casino hotels; cellular and other wireless carriers; and by the securities, commodity contracts,
and like activities industry sector also turned up following July decreases. Conversely, the industry index for
non-casino hotels and motels turned down 1.3 percent in August after advancing 4.1 percent in the preceding
month. Prices received by the industries for passenger car rental, offices of real estate agents and brokers, and
general medical and surgical hospitals also fell after rising in July. In August, the index for total traditional
service industries was 102.5 (December 2006 = 100), 0.6 percent above its year-ago level.
*****
Producer Price Index data for September 2008 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, October 15, 2008 at
8:30 a.m. (EDT).

5

Technical Note
Brief Explanation of Producer Price Indexes

Commodity Indexes

The Producer Price Index (PPI) of the Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS) is a family of indexes that measure the
average change over time in the prices received by domestic
producers of goods and services. PPIs measure price change
from the perspective of the seller. This contrasts with other
measures, such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI). CPIs
measure price change from the purchaser’s perspective.
Sellers’ and purchasers’ prices can differ due to government
subsidies, sales and excise taxes, and distribution costs.
More than 8,000 PPIs for individual products and
groups of products are released each month. PPIs are
available for the products of virtually every industry in the
mining and manufacturing sectors of the U.S. economy. New
PPIs are gradually being introduced for the products of
industries in the construction, trade, finance, and services
sectors of the economy.
More than 100,000 price quotations per month are
organized into three sets of PPIs: (1) Stage-of-processing
indexes, (2) commodity indexes, and (3) indexes for the net
output of industries and their products. The stage-ofprocessing structure organizes products by class of buyer and
degree of fabrication. The commodity structure organizes
products by similarity of end use or material composition.
The entire output of various industries is sampled to derive
price indexes for the net output of industries and their
products.

The commodity classification structure of the PPI
organizes products by similarity of end use or material
composition, disregarding industry of origin. Fifteen major
commodity groupings (two-digit commodity codes) make up
the All Commodities Index. Each major commodity grouping
includes (in descending order of aggregation) subgroups
(three-digit codes), product classes (four-digit codes),
subproduct classes (six-digit codes), and individual items
(eight-digit codes). Nearly all eight-digit commodities under
the traditional commodity coding system are now derived
from corresponding industry-classified product indexes. In
such instances, movements in the traditional commodity price
indexes and corresponding percent changes will be virtually
identical to their industry-based counterparts, even if their
index levels differ.

Industry Net-Output Price Indexes
PPIs for the net output of industries and their
products are grouped according to the North American
Industry Classification System (NAICS). Prior to the release
of January 2004, industry-based PPIs were published
according to the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
system. Industry price indexes are compatible with other
economic time series organized by industry, such as data on
employment, wages, and productivity. Table 5 of the PPI
Detailed Report includes data for NAICS industries and
industry groups (3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-digit codes); Census product
classes (7- and 8-digit codes), products (9-digit codes), and
more detailed subproducts (11-digit codes); and, for some
industries, indexes for other sources of revenue.
Indexes may represent one of three kinds of product
categories. Every industry has primary product indexes to
show changes in prices received by establishments classified
in the industry for products made primarily, but not
necessarily exclusively, by that industry. The industry
classification of an establishment is determined by which
products make up a plurality of its total shipment value. In
addition, most industries have secondary product indexes that
show changes in prices received by establishments classified
in the industry for products chiefly made in some other
industry. Finally, some industries have miscellaneous receipts
indexes to show price changes in other sources of revenue
received by establishments within the industry that are not
derived from sales of their products—for example, resales of
purchased materials, or revenues from parking lots owned by a
manufacturing plant.

Stage-of-Processing Indexes
Within the stage-of-processing system, finished
goods are commodities that will not undergo further
processing and are ready for sale to the final-demand user,
either an individual consumer or business firm. Consumer
foods include unprocessed foods such as eggs and fresh
vegetables, as well as processed foods such as bakery products
and meats. Other finished consumer goods include durable
goods such as automobiles, household furniture, and
appliances, as well as nondurable goods such as apparel and
home heating oil. Capital equipment includes durable goods
such as heavy motor trucks, tractors, and machine tools.
The stage-of-processing category for intermediate
materials, supplies, and components consists partly of
commodities that have been processed but require further
processing. Examples of such semifinished goods include
flour, cotton yarn, steel mill products, and lumber. The
intermediate goods category also encompasses nondurable,
physically complete items purchased by business firms as
inputs for their operations. Examples include diesel fuel, belts
and belting, paper boxes, and fertilizers.
Crude materials for further processing are products
entering the market for the first time that have not been
manufactured or fabricated and that are not sold directly to
consumers. Crude foodstuffs and feedstuffs include items
such as grains and livestock. Examples of crude nonfood
materials include raw cotton, crude petroleum, coal, hides and
skins, and iron and steel scrap.

Data Collection
PPIs are based on selling prices reported by
establishments of all sizes selected by probability sampling,
with the probability of selection proportionate to size.
Individual items and transaction terms from these firms also
are chosen by probability proportionate to size. BLS strongly
6

encourages cooperating companies to supply actual
transaction prices at the time of shipment to minimize the use
of list prices. Prices submitted by survey respondents are
effective on the Tuesday of the week containing the 13th day
of the month. This survey is conducted primarily through the
mail.
Price data are provided on a voluntary and
confidential basis; only sworn BLS employees are allowed
access to individual company price reports. BLS publishes
price indexes instead of actual prices. All PPIs are subject to
revision 4 months after original publication to reflect the
availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.
BLS periodically updates the PPI sample of survey
respondents to better reflect current conditions when the
structure, membership, technology, or product mix of an
industry shifts significantly and to spread reporting burden
among smaller firms. Results of these resampling efforts are
incorporated into the PPI with the release of data for January
and July.
As part of an ongoing effort to expand coverage to
sectors of the economy other than mining and manufacturing,
an increasing number of service sector industries have been
introduced into the PPI. The following list of recently
introduced industries includes the month and year in which an
article describing the industry’s content appeared in the PPI
Detailed Report.

PPI Detailed
Report Issue

Title

Code

Legal services …………………………...

8111

January 1997

8711

January 1997

8712

January 1997

9331

July 1998

SIC
Engineering design, analysis, and
consulting services ……………………..
Architectural design, analysis, and
consulting services ……………………...
Premiums for property and casualty
insurance ………………………………...

NAICS
New Industrial building construction …..

236211

January 2008

New warehouse building construction ..

236221

July 2005

New school construction ……………….

236222

July 2006

New office construction ………………...

236223

January 2007

23811X

July 2008

23816X

July 2008

23821X

July 2008

23822X
423

July 2008
July 2005

Merchant wholesalers, nondurable
goods ……………………………………..
Wholesale trade agents and brokers …

424
425120

July 2005
July 2005

Furniture and home furnishings stores .

442

January 2004

Electronics and appliance stores ……...

443

January 2004

444

January 2004

448

January 2004

451
452

January 2004
January 2004
January 2004

Concrete contractors, nonresidential
building work …………………………….
Roofing contractors, nonresidential
building work …………………………….
Electrical contractors, nonresidential
building work …………………………….
Plumbing / HVAC contractors,
nonresidential building work ..………….
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods ..

Service sector industries introduced into the Producer Price
Index, by SIC or NAICS code and the PPI Detailed Report that
announces their introduction

Building material and garden equipment
and supplies dealers …………………….
Clothing and clothing accessories
stores ……………………………………..
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and
music stores ……………………………...
General merchandise stores …………..

PPI Detailed
Report Issue

Title

Code

Wireless telecommunications ………….

4812

July 1999

Telephone communications, except
radio telephone ………………………….
Television broadcasting ………………..

4813
4833

July 1995
July 2002

Miscellaneous store retailers …………..

453

Grocery stores …………………………..

5411

July 2000

Internet service providers ……………….

518111

July 2005

Meat and fish (seafood) markets ……...

5421

July 2000

Web search portals ……………………...

518112

July 2005

SIC

Fruit and vegetable markets …………...

5431

July 2000

Commercial banking …………………….

522110

January 2005

Candy, nut, and confectionery stores …

5441

July 2000

Savings institutions ……………………...

522120

January 2005

Retail bakeries …………………………..

5461

July 2000

Miscellaneous food stores ……………..

5499

July 2000

Direct health and medical insurance
carriers ……………………………………
Construction, mining, and forestry
machinery and equipment rental and
leasing …………………………………….
Management consulting services ……...

524114

July 2004

532412
541610

January 2005
January 2007

Security guards and patrol services …...

561612

July 2005

Computer training ………………………

611420

July 2007

New car dealers …………………………

5511

July 2000

Gasoline service stations ………………

5541

January 2002

Boat dealers ……………………………..

5551

January 2002

Recreational vehicle dealers …………..

5561

January 2002

Miscellaneous retail …………………….

59

January 2001

Security brokers, dealers, and
investment bankers ……………………..
Investment advice ………………………

Blood and organ banks …………………

621991

January 2007

6211
6282

January 2001
January 2003

Amusement and theme parks ………….

713110

July 2006

Golf courses and country clubs ………..

713910

July 2006

Life insurance carriers ………………….

6311

January 1999

Fitness and recreational sports centers .

713940

July 2005

Property and casualty insurance ………

6331

July 1998

Insurance agencies and brokerages ….

6412

January 2003

Commercial machinery repair and
maintenance……………………………...

811310

July 2007

Operators and lessors of nonresidential
buildings ………………………………….
Real estate agents and managers …….

6512
6531

January 1996
January 1996

Weights

Prepackaged software ………………….

7372

January 1998

Data processing services ………………

7374

January 2002

Home health care services …………….

8082

January 1997

Weights for most traditional commodity groupings of
the PPI, as well as weights for commodity-based aggregate
indexes calculated using traditional commodity groupings,
7

such as stage-of-processing indexes, currently reflect 2002
values of shipments as reported in the Census of Manufactures
and other sources. From January 2002 through December
2006, PPI weights were derived from 1997 shipment values.
Industry indexes now are calculated with 2002 weights and
1997 net output ratios. This periodic update of the value
weights used to calculate the PPI is done to more accurately
reflect changes in production and marketing patterns in the
economy. Net output values of shipments are used as weights
for industry indexes. Net output values refer to the value of
shipments from establishments within the industry to buyers
outside the industry. However, weights for commodity price
indexes are based on gross shipment values, including values
of shipments between establishments within the same
industry. As a result, broad commodity grouping indexes,
such as the PPI for All Commodities, are affected by the
multiple counting of price change at successive stages of
processing, which can lead to exaggerated or misleading
signals about inflation. Stage-of-processing indexes partially
correct for this defect, but industry indexes consistently
correct for this at all levels of aggregation. Therefore,
industry and stage-of-processing indexes are more appropriate
than broad commodity groupings for economic analysis of
general price trends.

by the level of the index in relation to its base period, whereas
percent changes are not. The following example shows the
computation of index point and percent changes.
Index point change
Finished Goods Price Index
Less previous index
Equals index point change

107.5
104.0
3.5

Index percent change
Index point change
3.5
Divided by the previous index
104.0
Equals
0.034
Result multiplied by 100
0.034 x 100
Equals percent change
3.4

Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data
Because price data are used for different purposes by
different groups, BLS publishes seasonally adjusted and
unadjusted changes each month. Seasonally adjusted data are
preferred for analyzing general price trends in the
economy because these data eliminate the effect of changes
that normally occur at about the same time, and in about the
same magnitude, every year—such as price movements
resulting from normal weather patterns, regular production
and marketing cycles, model changeovers, seasonal discounts,
and holidays. For these reasons, seasonally adjusted data
more clearly reveal underlying cyclical trends. Unadjusted
data are of primary interest to users who need information that
can be related to actual dollar values of transactions.
Individuals requiring this information include marketing
specialists, purchasing agents, budget and cost analysts,
contract specialists, and commodity traders.
It is the
unadjusted data that are generally cited when escalating longterm contracts such as purchasing agreements or real estate
leases. For more information, see Escalation and Producer
Price Indexes: A Guide for Contracting Parties, BLS Report
807,
September
1991,
on
the
Web
at
www.bls.gov/ppi/ppiescalation.htm. Reprints are available
on request.
In 1998, the PPI implemented the X-12-ARIMA
Seasonal Adjustment Method; prior to that year, the PPI
employed the X-11 method. Each year, the seasonal status of
most commodity indexes is reevaluated to reflect more recent
price behavior. Industry net output indexes are not seasonally
adjusted. For time series that exhibit seasonal pricing patterns,
new seasonal factors are estimated and applied to the
unadjusted data for the previous 5 years. These updated
seasonally adjusted indexes replace the most recent 5 years of
seasonal data.
Seasonal factors may be applied to series using either
a direct or an aggregative method. Generally, commodity
indexes are seasonally adjusted using direct seasonal
adjustment, which produces a more complete elimination of
seasonal movements than does the aggregative method.
However, the direct seasonal adjustment process may not yield
figures that possess additive consistency. Thus, a seasonally
adjusted index for a broad category that is directly adjusted
may not be logically consistent with all seasonally adjusted

Price Index Reference Base
Effective with publication of January 1988 data,
many important PPI series (including stage-of-processing
groupings and most commodity groups and individual items)
were placed on a new reference base, 1982 = 100. From
1971 through 1987, the standard reference base for most PPI
series was 1967 = 100. Except for rounding differences, the
shift to the new reference base did not alter any previously
published percent changes for affected PPI series. (See
“Calculating Index Changes,” below.) The 1982 reference
base is not used for commodity indexes with a base later than
December 1981 or for industry net output indexes and their
products.
For further information on the underlying concepts
and methodology of the Producer Price Index, see chapter 14,
“Producer Prices,” in BLS Handbook of Methods (April
1997), Bulletin 2490. This document can be downloaded from
the
BLS
Web
site
at
www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch14_itc.htm.
Reprints are
available on request.

Calculating Index Changes
Each PPI measures price changes from a reference
period that equals 100.0. An increase of 5.5 percent from the
reference period in the Finished Goods Price Index, for
example, is shown as 105.5. This change also can be
expressed in dollars, as follows: prices received by domestic
producers of a sample of finished goods have risen from $100
in 1982 to $105.50. Likewise, a current index of 90.0 would
indicate that prices received by producers of finished goods
are 10 percent lower than they were in 1982.
Movements of price indexes from one month to
another are usually expressed as percent changes, rather than
as changes in index points. Index point changes are affected
8

indexes for its components. Seasonal movements for stage-ofprocessing indexes are derived indirectly through an
aggregative method that combines movements of a wide
variety of subproduct class (six-digit) series.
Seasonally adjusted indexes can become problematic
when previously stable and predictable price patterns abruptly
change. If the new pattern persists, the seasonal adjustment
method will eventually reflect it adequately; if the pattern
keeps shifting, however, seasonally adjusted data will become
chronically troublesome. This problem occurs relatively
infrequently for farm and food-related products, but has more
often affected manufactured products such as automobiles and
steel.
Since January 1988, the PPI has used Intervention
Analysis Seasonal Adjustment methods to enhance the
calculation of seasonal factors. With this technique, outlier
values that may distort the seasonal pattern are removed from
the data prior to applying the standard seasonal factor
estimation procedure. For example, a possible economic
cause for large price movements for petroleum-based products
might have been the Persian Gulf War. In this case,
intervention techniques allowed for better estimates of
seasonally adjusted data. On the whole, very few series have
required intervention. Out of nearly 900 seasonally adjusted
series, only 16 were subject to intervention in 1997.
For more information relating to seasonal adjustment
methods, see (1) “Appendix A: Seasonal Adjustment
Methodology at BLS,” in the BLS Handbook of Methods
(April 1997), Bulletin 2490 and (2) “Summary of Changes to
the PPI’s Seasonal Adjustment Methodology” in the January
1995 issue of Producer Price Indexes.

executing the query, using the reformat button above
the data output table.

Producer Price Index Data on the Internet
In 1995, the BLS began posting PPI series, news
releases, and technical information to both a World Wide Web
(WWW) site and a file transfer protocol (FTP) site. During
the years following the introduction of PPI Internet services,
use of these sites eclipsed more traditional methods of data
dissemination, such as subscriptions to the PPI Detailed
Report. There were more than 1.6 million instances of PPI
series being downloaded from the Internet during the 12
months ended December 31, 2003.

•

Create Customized Tables is a form-based query
application designed for users unfamiliar with the PPI
coding structure. The application guides a user
through the PPI classification system by listing index
titles and does not require knowledge of commodity
or industry codes. Data retrieved are based on a
query formulated by selecting data characteristics
from lists provided. Two options are available to
create customized tables, depending on a user’s
browser capability. The one-screen option is a
JavaScript application that uses a single screen to
guide a user through the available time series data.
The second option is a multiple-screen, non-Javabased application. Both methods allow a user to
browse the PPI coding structure and select multiple
series codes. Using the one-screen option, users can
modify the date range and output options after
executing the query using the reformat button above
the data output table.

•

Series Report is a form-based application that uses
formatted PPI time series identifiers (commodity or
industry codes) as input in extracting data according
to a specified set of date ranges and output options.
This application provides the most efficient path for
users who are familiar with the format of PPI time
series identifiers. Up to 300 indexes can be extracted
at a time.
There are five alphabetic prefixes used to
create unique PPI time series identifiers: WP, WD,
PC, PD, and ND. Each provides the user access to a
different PPI database. Adding either a “u” (not
seasonally adjusted) or an “s” (seasonally adjusted) to
the end of these prefixes further specifies the type of
data needed.

EXAMPLES
For commodity and stage-of-processing indexes,
series identifiers combine a “wpu” prefix (not
seasonally adjusted) or a “wps” prefix (seasonally
adjusted) with a commodity code.

Retrieving PPI data from the PPI Web site
PPI data can be obtained from the WWW address
(www.bls.gov/ppi). Scrolling down the page to the “Get
Detailed PPI Statistics” header reveals the following methods
of data retrieval:

Commodity code
wps141101
wpu141101

•

Most Requested Series is a form-based application
that allows the user to quickly obtain PPI time series
data by selecting from two separate lists (commodity
and industry) of the most commonly requested time
series, including the All Commodities Index and the
stage-of-processing indexes (for example, Finished
Goods). Within each list, any one—or all—of the
time series shown can be selected. A user can
modify the date range and output options after

wpusop3000

Provides data for:
Passenger cars, seasonally
adjusted
Passenger cars, not
seasonally adjusted
Finished goods, not
seasonally adjusted

For discontinued commodity indexes, series
identifiers combine a “wdu” prefix (not seasonally
adjusted) or a “wds” prefix (seasonally adjusted) with
a commodity code.

9

Commodity code
wds019
wdu0635

wdusi138011

Provides data for:
Other farm products,
seasonally adjusted
Preparations, ethical
(prescription), not
seasonally adjusted
Stainless steel mill
products, not seasonally
adjusted

listed twice), and up to 7 additional alphanumeric
characters that identify product detail. Dashes are
used as placeholders for higher-level industry group
codes.
Industry-product code,
discontinued NAICS series
ndu212231212231
ndu2122312122312

Current price indexes grouped by industry
according to NAICS have series identifiers that
begin with the prefix “pcu.” After the prefix, there
are 12 digits (the 6-digit industry code is listed twice)
followed by up to 7 alphanumeric characters
identifying product detail. Dashes are used as
placeholders for higher-level industry group codes.
Industry-product code,
current NAICS series
pcu325---325--pcu336110336110

pcu621111621111411

pcu325412325412A

ndu212231212231214

•

Provides data for:
Chemical manufacturing,
not seasonally adjusted
Automobile and light duty
motor vehicle
manufacturing
Offices of physicians, oneand two-physician
practices and singlespecialty group practices,
general/family practice
Pharmaceutical
preparation
manufacturing,
pharmaceuticals acting on
the respiratory system

pdu331_#

pdu3711#111

Flat Files and the FTP server are best suited for users
requiring access to either a large volume of time
series data or other PPI-related documentation (such
as seasonal factor and relative importance tables).
The FTP site can be accessed at ftp://ftp.bls.gov or
directly from the links on the “Get Detailed
Statistics” page or the PPI homepage. Data and
documentation available for download include the
following:
Directory:
NAICS series, current
/pub/time.series/pc
NAICS series, discontinued
/pub/time.series/nd
SIC series, discontinued
/pub/time.series/pd
Commodity series, current
/pub/time.series/wp
Commodity series, discontinued
/pub/time.series/wd
Special requests
/pub/special.requests/ppi
Latest news release
/pub/news.release/ppi.txt

The FTP site maintains files to help with searches
and downloads. These files are centrally located in the
/pub/doc directory. Within this directory, the overview.txt
file contains an overview relating to all BLS data available
through the FTP site. For current commodity-based PPI data,
the program help file is wp.txt; for discontinued commodity
series, wd.txt; for current industry-based PPI data based on
NAICS, pc.txt; for industry-based SIC time series that have
been discontinued, pd.txt; and for industry-based NAICS
series that have been discontinued, nd.txt.
Users who prefer downloading PPI datasets as
individual ZIP files should go to the directory labeled
/pub/time.series/compressed/tape.format/ on the FTP site.
This directory includes six PPI-specific ZIP files, one for each
of the PPI databases—WP, WD, PC, ND, and PD—and a ZIP
file for the annual 5-year revision to historical seasonal PPIs.

Discontinued industry-product codes based on
SIC combine a “pdu” prefix and “#” between the
fourth and fifth characters of the product code.
Series identifiers for the discontinued dataset use
underscores as placeholders to complete a reference
to an SIC industry group code of fewer than four
digits. (All PPI industry-based indexes organized by
SIC were discontinued with the introduction of
NAICS.)
Industry-product code,
discontinued SIC series
pdu28_ _#

Provides data for
Lead ore and zinc
ore mining
Lead and zinc
concentrates
Lead
concentrates

Provides data for:
Chemicals and allied
products, not seasonally
adjusted
Blast furnaces, steel
works, and rolling and
finishing mills, not
seasonally adjusted
Passenger cars

Other Sources of PPI Data
PPI data can also be accessed via the BLS homepage
(www.bls.gov). Clicking on the “Get Detailed Statistics” link
at the top of the homepage calls up a chart listing all available
BLS programs. The following methods are available for
retrieving PPI data:
Most requested statistics, create
customized tables (one screen or multiple screens), and flat
files. Additional sources of BLS data also are accessible from
this page, including economic news releases, series report, and
economy at a glance.

Price indexes for discontinued series grouped by
industry according to NAICS have identifiers that
begin with the prefix “ndu.” After the prefix, there
are 12 numeric digits (the 6-digit industry code is
10

statistics section provides relative importance and seasonal
factor tables. The remaining sections offer special notices and
publications pertaining to PPI methodology and applications.
For questions or comments regarding PPI data
classification, methodology, or data availability on the
Internet, call or e-mail the Section of Index Analysis and
Public Information at (202) 691-7705 or ppi-info@bls.gov.

Additional information
The PPI homepage (www.bls.gov/ppi) contains
additional information regarding PPI data and methodology.
The top section of the homepage provides PPI news releases,
both current and archived, as well as general PPI information.
The “Tables Created by BLS” section found beneath the

11

Table 1. Producer price indexes and percent changes by stage of processing
[1982=100]
Grouping

Relative
importance
Dec. 20071

Unadjusted percent
change to Aug. 2008
from:

Unadjusted index

Seasonally adjusted percent change
from:

Apr.
20082

July
20082

Aug.
20082

Aug.
2007

July
2008

May to
June

June to July July to Aug.

Finished goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer goods, excluding foods. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
78.284
21.296
2.258
19.038
56.988
42.845
14.143
21.716
5.508
16.208

176.5
185.8
175.5
177.6
175.3
189.6
211.7
140.5
152.4
155.9
151.2

185.0
197.1
180.9
164.1
182.6
203.2
232.5
140.3
153.6
157.7
152.1

182.1
193.1
181.4
158.2
183.7
197.4
223.8
139.9
153.7
158.4
152.1

9.6
11.6
9.1
8.0
9.1
12.6
16.7
2.0
3.2
3.9
2.9

-1.6
-2.0
0.3
-3.6
0.6
-2.9
-3.7
-0.3
0.1
0.4
0.0

1.8
2.3
1.5
8.1
0.9
2.6
3.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3

1.2
1.2
0.3
-9.8
1.3
1.6
2.0
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.9

-0.9
-1.2
0.3
-3.7
0.7
-1.7
-2.3
-0.1
0.1
0.4
0.0

Intermediate materials, supplies, and components. . . . . . . . . .
Materials and components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials for food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials and components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed fuels and lubricants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Containers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
41.867
2.911
15.185
8.624
15.147
13.389
22.403
5.999
16.404
2.923
19.418
3.911
15.507
1.081
14.426

187.3
175.5
180.3
209.5
205.6
138.6
200.2
211.8
201.1
216.8
187.0
171.3
168.4
170.5
179.3
170.7

202.5
186.6
187.7
231.9
219.4
141.4
209.9
249.6
233.7
256.6
191.6
177.7
171.4
177.8
205.9
175.9

200.2
190.6
187.4
243.8
220.1
142.1
213.1
224.2
219.0
227.0
194.2
179.4
172.7
179.6
204.7
178.0

16.7
16.6
13.9
31.8
14.8
4.1
10.1
27.9
24.9
29.1
7.6
10.7
5.7
12.0
48.5
8.9

-1.1
2.1
-0.2
5.1
0.3
0.5
1.5
-10.2
-6.3
-11.5
1.4
1.0
0.8
1.0
-0.6
1.2

2.1
1.6
1.6
2.7
1.7
0.4
1.5
4.7
3.0
5.3
0.3
0.9
0.7
0.9
0.1
1.0

2.7
2.7
0.9
5.4
1.5
1.1
1.7
3.7
4.1
3.5
1.7
2.0
1.0
2.2
9.9
1.3

-1.0
2.2
-0.1
5.2
0.4
0.5
1.5
-9.4
-5.3
-10.8
1.4
0.9
0.8
1.0
-0.6
1.2

Crude materials for further processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foodstuffs and feedstuffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonfood materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonfood materials except fuel3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude fuel4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
32.756
67.244
40.982
40.533
0.449
26.262
2.338
23.924

274.6
168.1
352.4
349.6
325.9
199.6
329.1
312.1
336.6

317.9
179.3
423.3
401.8
375.0
201.6
426.6
402.3
436.6

280.0
170.4
360.5
358.9
334.6
200.3
335.1
317.9
342.7

38.1
15.3
51.7
48.2
48.8
-0.6
58.3
57.6
58.3

-11.9
-5.0
-14.8
-10.7
-10.8
-0.6
-21.4
-21.0
-21.5

3.7
3.5
3.7
2.3
2.3
0.8
6.3
6.5
6.3

4.2
0.1
6.0
5.2
5.2
1.6
7.3
7.2
7.3

-11.9
-5.2
-14.8
-10.6
-10.7
-0.6
-21.4
-20.9
-21.4

Special groupings
Finished goods, excluding foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intermediate materials less foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intermediate foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude materials less agricultural products3 , 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

78.7045
96.0086
3.9926
66.5458

176.4
187.7
180.5
362.5

185.9
203.0
194.6
437.1

182.0
200.5
194.0
371.3

9.8
16.4
24.1
52.0

-2.1
-1.2
-0.3
-15.1

1.9
2.2
1.0
3.9

1.4
2.6
4.0
6.1

-1.2
-1.0
-0.2
-15.0

Finished energy goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21.6545
78.3465
56.6305

182.4
168.0
174.9

213.0
170.4
177.8

198.2
170.7
178.3

27.4
5.0
5.9

-6.9
0.2
0.3

6.0
0.6
0.7

3.1
0.6
0.5

-4.6
0.2
0.3

Finished goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer nondurable goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . .

57.0505
35.3345
21.1915

165.7
174.8
204.3

167.1
176.2
207.6

167.3
176.6
208.8

3.6
3.9
5.5

0.1
0.2
0.6

0.2
0.3
0.3

0.7
0.6
0.6

0.2
0.2
0.6

Intermediate energy goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intermediate materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intermediate materials less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23.3066
76.6946
72.7026

213.4
178.4
178.3

253.0
187.3
186.9

230.3
190.1
189.9

30.1
13.1
12.5

-9.0
1.5
1.6

5.0
1.2
1.3

4.3
2.2
2.0

-8.2
1.5
1.7

Crude energy materials3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude nonfood materials less energy4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

50.8738
49.0328
16.3718

346.1
218.5
366.7

437.9
232.2
387.2

352.7
223.2
379.1

59.1
21.4
33.2

-19.5
-3.9
-2.1

5.4
2.1
-0.2

6.9
1.3
3.4

-19.4
-3.9
-1.9

1 Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available.
2 The indexes for April 2008 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject revision 4 months after original publication.
3 Includes crude petroleum.
4 Excludes crude petroleum.
5 Percent of total finished goods.
6 Percent of total intermediate materials.
7 Formerly titled ″Crude materials for further processing, excluding crude foodstuffs and feedstuffs, plant and animal fibers, oilseeds, and leaf tobacco.″
8 Percent of total crude materials.

12

Table 2. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings by stage of
processing
[1982=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping

Unadjusted percent
change to Aug. 2008
from:

Unadjusted index

Commodity
code

Apr. 20081 July 20081

Aug.
20081

Aug. 2007

July 2008

Seasonally adjusted percent change
from:
May to
June

June to
July

July to
Aug.

Finished goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

176.5

185.0

182.1

9.6

-1.6

1.8

1.2

-0.9

Finished consumer goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

185.8

197.1

193.1

11.6

-2.0

2.3

1.2

-1.2

Finished consumer foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

175.5

180.9

181.4

9.1

0.3

1.5

0.3

0.3

Fresh fruits and melons2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01-11
Fresh and dry vegetables2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01-13
Eggs for fresh use (Dec 1991=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01-71-07

126.5
173.4
148.8

114.7
167.5
123.1

111.3
143.6
134.2

2.7
9.6
7.6

-3.0
-14.3
9.0

-2.0
14.7
11.6

-12.4
-9.2
-19.3

-3.0
-14.3
9.3

Bakery products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Milled rice2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pasta products (June 1985=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Beef and veal2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed young chickens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed turkeys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finfish and shellfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dairy products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed fruits and vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Confectionery end products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soft drinks2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Roasted coffee2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shortening and cooking oils2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

234.4
236.8
178.2
146.7
125.0
141.6
117.5
262.4
181.2
164.2
216.9
171.7
178.8
301.2

240.5
296.1
188.3
167.6
137.7
149.0
124.7
252.9
189.3
165.1
218.3
176.3
180.1
335.1

240.5
292.6
188.4
170.3
151.6
145.7
123.9
251.6
187.0
169.2
220.0
175.5
181.1
317.6

11.4
92.0
39.8
19.0
10.2
2.5
7.5
6.5
0.1
7.5
5.7
4.3
10.8
45.4

0.0
-1.2
0.1
1.6
10.1
-2.2
-0.6
-0.5
-1.2
2.5
0.8
-0.5
0.6
-5.2

1.2
5.9
-0.4
2.1
-2.4
1.5
1.5
-6.0
3.5
0.4
-0.1
-1.1
0.3
1.8

1.5
0.4
1.8
7.4
1.1
-1.5
-0.7
3.2
1.2
-0.2
0.6
2.4
0.8
3.4

0.0
-1.2
0.1
1.6
11.2
-0.9
-2.9
-0.5
-1.2
2.8
0.8
-0.5
0.6
-5.2

02-11
02-13
02-14-02
02-21-01
02-21-04
02-22-03
02-22-06
02-23
02-3
02-4
02-55
02-62
02-63-01
02-78

Finished consumer goods excluding foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

189.6

203.2

197.4

12.6

-2.9

2.6

1.6

-1.7

Alcoholic beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02-61
Pet food2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02-94-02

165.7
201.8

166.6
216.6

166.8
223.8

3.9
22.1

0.1
3.3

0.1
6.0

0.2
1.0

0.1
3.3

Women’s, girls’, & infants’ apparel (Dec 2003=100)2 . . . . . . . 03-81-06
Men’s and boys’ apparel (Dec 2003=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03-81-07
Textile housefurnishings2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03-82

101.0
99.4
126.4

100.7
99.9
126.7

101.6
99.6
126.9

0.5
0.9
1.0

0.9
-0.3
0.2

-0.4
0.1
-0.2

0.1
0.3
0.4

0.9
-0.3
0.2

Footwear2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04-3

155.8

157.9

157.9

4.1

0.0

1.2

0.2

0.0

Residential electric power (Dec 1990=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential gas (Dec 1990=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Home heating oil and distillates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

142.0
246.4
281.3
329.6

152.2
290.8
343.7
414.1

151.7
274.8
310.3
355.7

6.2
25.4
43.1
64.1

-0.3
-5.5
-9.7
-14.1

0.8
6.6
9.0
12.4

2.0
8.8
-0.2
3.7

0.1
-5.0
-3.5
-13.6

Pharmaceutical preparations (June 2001=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . 06-38
Soaps and synthetic detergents2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06-71
Cosmetics and other toilet preparations2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06-75

136.7
150.0
147.0

138.0
153.7
147.7

138.5
155.2
148.0

6.0
7.2
0.1

0.4
1.0
0.2

-0.1
0.7
0.1

0.7
1.0
-0.1

0.4
1.0
0.2

Tires, tubes, tread, etc2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07-12

123.7

129.1

129.6

9.1

0.4

2.0

1.4

0.4

Sanitary paper products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newspaper circulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Periodical circulation (June 2007=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Book publishing2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

09-15-01
09-31-01
09-32-04
09-33

169.1
247.7
102.7
295.2

169.8
250.7
101.5
297.5

172.8
251.8
102.6
297.9

5.9
2.9
2.8
4.1

1.8
0.4
1.1
0.1

0.1
0.0
–
0.8

1.0
1.6
–
-0.1

1.8
0.4
–
0.1

Household furniture2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Floor coverings2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Household appliances2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Home electronic equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Household glassware2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Household flatware2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lawn and garden equip, ex tractors2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12-1
12-3
12-4
12-5
12-62
12-64
12-66

178.2
159.3
106.3
56.8
188.0
194.4
139.7

181.6
160.3
106.9
57.2
188.8
197.2
140.4

182.7
162.5
107.3
57.3
188.8
194.4
140.5

4.8
3.6
1.8
1.1
6.9
3.9
3.1

0.6
1.4
0.4
0.2
0.0
-1.4
0.1

0.7
-0.2
-0.1
0.9
–
–
0.2

0.2
1.3
0.8
0.0
–
0.0
0.4

0.6
1.4
0.4
0.2
0.0
-1.4
0.1

05-41
05-51
05-71
05-73-02-01

Passenger cars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-11-01

128.1

128.3

127.8

2.7

-0.4

2.2

1.4

-0.3

Toys, games, and children’s vehicles2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sporting and athletic goods2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tobacco products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mobile homes2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jewelry, platinum, & karat gold2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Costume jewelry and novelties2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

133.2
128.0
500.2
214.1
166.1
160.1

134.5
130.5
511.6
221.4
167.3
159.6

135.5
130.5
512.0
222.2
165.7
159.6

3.4
0.5
4.8
5.1
7.5
1.9

0.7
0.0
0.1
0.4
-1.0
0.0

0.9
0.2
0.0
1.2
0.1
0.1

-0.1
1.0
0.0
0.8
1.5
-0.3

0.7
0.0
0.1
0.4
-1.0
0.0

152.4

153.6

153.7

3.2

0.1

0.3

0.8

0.1

189.0
183.4
168.5
189.3
144.8
202.5
168.5

193.2
185.2
171.7
197.3
145.6
207.3
173.7

193.8
186.0
171.5
197.8
146.5
208.1
179.7

5.4
3.4
3.6
7.3
1.7
6.3
10.5

0.3
0.4
-0.1
0.3
0.6
0.4
3.5

0.3
0.6
0.6
1.2
0.0
0.8
1.1

0.5
0.5
0.9
2.4
0.4
1.1
1.3

0.3
0.6
-0.1
0.3
0.6
0.4
3.5

15-11
15-12
15-2
15-5
15-94-02
15-94-04

Capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agricultural machinery and equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metal cutting machine tools2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metal forming machine tools2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tools, dies, jigs, fixtures, and ind. molds2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pumps, compressors, and equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial material handling equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-1
11-2
11-37
11-38
11-39
11-41
11-44

See footnotes at end of table.

13

Table 2. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings by stage of
processing — Continued
[1982=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping

Unadjusted percent
change to Aug. 2008
from:

Unadjusted index

Commodity
code

Apr. 20081 July 20081

Seasonally adjusted percent change
from:

Aug.
20081

Aug. 2007

July 2008

May to
June

June to
July

July to
Aug.

-17.1
1.3
2.4
1.0
14.3
2.1
-1.3
9.8
9.4
11.9

-1.2
-0.4
0.7
-0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.4
6.2

-0.2
1.9
0.0
-0.3
1.7
-0.2
-0.4
1.9
3.2
1.2

-1.5
-0.4
0.0
-0.1
2.4
0.5
0.1
0.7
0.4
0.3

-1.2
-0.4
0.7
-0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.7
0.4
6.2

Capital equipment - Continued
Electronic computers (Dec 2004=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile machinery2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper industries machinery (June 1982=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing trades machinery2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transformers and power regulators2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communication & related equip (Dec 1985=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
X-ray and electromedical equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil field and gas field machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining machinery and equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office and store machines and equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41.3
163.8
185.9
151.5
213.0
104.6
91.7
198.3
201.4
117.8

40.7
166.6
187.8
152.4
225.7
105.2
91.1
203.7
208.9
121.5

40.2
166.0
189.1
152.3
226.0
105.3
91.5
204.2
209.8
129.0

Commercial furniture2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2

186.6

190.1

191.2

5.6

0.6

1.1

0.7

0.6

Light motor trucks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy motor trucks2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck trailers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian aircraft (Dec 1985=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ships (Dec 1985=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Railroad equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

147.1
181.1
173.5
225.8
196.3
178.7

140.6
182.7
179.3
229.6
200.5
184.7

137.2
182.4
179.9
231.8
200.8
182.4

-2.8
2.3
5.4
5.3
4.1
2.8

-2.4
-0.2
0.3
1.0
0.1
-1.2

-1.8
-0.1
1.4
0.4
0.4
3.4

0.8
0.9
0.7
0.3
1.7
0.5

-1.9
-0.2
0.3
0.7
0.1
-1.2

Intermediate materials, supplies, and components. . . . . . . . . . . . .

187.3

202.5

200.2

16.7

-1.1

2.1

2.7

-1.0

Intermediate foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

180.5

194.6

194.0

24.1

-0.3

1.0

4.0

-0.2

269.1
127.4
175.2
207.4
202.4
178.6

231.7
134.0
176.5
213.0
188.8
202.9

235.1
140.2
177.1
212.9
180.0
203.3

31.9
9.1
15.8
8.4
27.2
42.6

1.5
4.6
0.3
0.0
-4.7
0.2

-0.8
2.8
1.1
1.1
-0.3
1.1

-7.8
1.1
0.3
1.8
-6.0
8.4

1.5
4.6
1.2
0.0
-4.7
0.2

187.7

203.0

200.5

16.4

-1.2

2.2

2.6

-1.0

114.1
122.6
122.3
130.5
142.0

117.2
125.0
122.9
133.4
143.4

118.5
125.8
125.0
135.1
144.0

3.4
6.5
3.5
5.0
3.4

1.1
0.6
1.7
1.3
0.4

-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
0.2
0.6

1.5
0.9
0.5
0.8
0.2

1.1
0.6
1.7
1.3
0.4

Leather2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04-2

233.8

232.9

235.7

1.6

1.2

1.5

-1.9

1.2

Liquefied petroleum gas2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial natural gas (Dec 1990=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial natural gas (Dec 1990=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural gas to electric utilities (Dec 1990=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jet fuels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
No 2 Diesel fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residual fuels2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

05-32
05-42
05-43
05-52
05-53
05-54
05-72-03
05-73-03
05-74

418.2
166.7
185.2
261.8
278.0
208.9
322.9
365.1
228.6

516.5
182.2
197.8
318.3
338.2
239.5
410.2
432.5
315.0

415.8
182.7
198.2
299.7
304.8
202.5
315.2
346.9
283.7

34.1
5.8
5.7
30.4
32.5
12.9
45.3
50.0
52.9

-19.5
0.3
0.2
-5.8
-9.9
-15.4
-23.2
-19.8
-9.9

10.2
-1.1
-2.2
6.9
7.4
4.2
8.5
6.7
5.0

10.8
1.3
0.7
9.4
9.0
4.9
6.5
2.6
21.1

-19.5
0.5
0.7
-5.5
-9.2
-14.0
-24.9
-20.7
-9.9

Basic inorganic chemicals2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic organic chemicals2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepared paint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paint materials2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medicinal and botanical chemicals2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fats and oils, inedible2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mixed fertilizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nitrogenates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Phosphates2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other agricultural chemicals2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastic resins and materials2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

06-13
06-14
06-21
06-22
06-31
06-4
06-51
06-52-01
06-52-02
06-53
06-6

235.5
279.1
217.7
224.9
144.6
315.1
222.8
317.4
310.5
164.8
212.1

265.1
313.9
219.1
220.3
143.3
351.8
263.1
383.2
448.5
170.2
236.7

282.0
333.8
227.5
226.9
145.9
339.8
293.6
408.1
518.3
174.6
243.6

49.8
44.6
8.5
5.2
3.0
80.0
79.4
79.1
164.4
10.7
22.6

6.4
6.3
3.8
3.0
1.8
-3.4
11.6
6.5
15.6
2.6
2.9

2.1
2.6
0.3
-4.0
0.0
2.5
8.2
13.2
25.4
1.3
0.7

0.4
6.9
0.9
1.1
1.3
7.0
8.1
12.2
9.6
0.5
7.6

6.4
6.3
4.2
3.0
1.8
-3.4
11.9
8.4
15.6
2.6
2.9

Synthetic rubber2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastic construction products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unsupported plastic film, sheet, & other shapes2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastic parts and components for manufacturing2 . . . . . . . . . . . .

07-11-02
07-21
07-22
07-26

184.5
180.9
192.6
130.1

213.9
187.7
193.8
132.4

222.7
189.5
198.7
133.4

30.5
5.5
11.8
2.6

4.1
1.0
2.5
0.8

4.7
0.8
0.4
0.5

6.9
1.8
2.0
1.4

4.1
1.0
2.5
0.8

Softwood lumber2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardwood lumber2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Millwork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plywood2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Treated wood (June 1985=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

08-11
08-12
08-2
08-3
08-71-01

153.7
187.3
204.2
173.2
161.1

161.7
184.5
205.5
176.4
175.5

163.5
184.0
205.1
175.7
173.1

-6.1
-4.3
1.8
-3.0
2.5

1.1
-0.3
-0.2
-0.4
-1.4

1.8
-0.3
0.0
0.7
3.7

-3.4
-0.6
0.3
-1.8
-0.7

1.1
-0.3
0.0
-0.4
-1.1

171.2

173.6

193.1

18.0

11.2

-0.1

1.1

11.2

Flour2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refined sugar and byproducts2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Confectionery materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soft drink beverage bases (Dec 1985=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed eggs2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepared animal feeds2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-51
11-62
11-64
11-65
11-74
11-76
11-79-05
11-91
11-92
11-93

14-11-05
14-11-06
14-14
14-21-02
14-31
14-4

02-12-03
02-53
02-54
02-64-01-11
02-83
02-9

Intermediate materials less foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Synthetic fibers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed yarns and threads2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gray fabrics2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished fabrics2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial textile products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

03-1
03-2
03-3
03-4
03-83-03

Woodpulp2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 09-11

See footnotes at end of table.

14

Table 2. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings by stage of
processing — Continued
[1982=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping

Unadjusted percent
change to Aug. 2008
from:

Unadjusted index

Commodity
code

Apr. 20081 July 20081

Aug.
20081

Aug. 2007

July 2008

Seasonally adjusted percent change
from:
May to
June

June to
July

July to
Aug.

Intermediate materials less foods and feeds - Continued
Paper2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paperboard2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper boxes and containers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Building paper and board2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial printing (June 1982=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

09-13
09-14
09-15-03
09-2
09-37

180.3
209.7
203.1
155.7
168.9

184.7
211.7
204.9
172.1
169.9

187.9
226.3
207.7
173.5
170.5

11.6
13.7
5.3
8.8
2.6

1.7
6.9
1.4
0.8
0.4

0.4
0.2
0.3
5.1
0.1

1.0
0.8
0.5
-1.7
0.2

1.7
6.9
1.4
0.8
0.4

Foundry and forge shop products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel mill products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary nonferrous metals2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aluminum mill shapes2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Copper and brass mill shapes2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Titanium mill shapes2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonferrous wire and cable2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metal containers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardware2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plumbing fixtures and brass fittings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heating equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated structural metal products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated ferrous wire products (June 1982=100)2 . . . . . . . . . .
Other misc metal products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-15
10-17
10-22
10-25-01
10-25-02
10-25-05
10-26
10-3
10-4
10-5
10-6
10-7
10-88
10-89

181.8
209.7
314.3
195.2
447.0
259.9
264.2
140.9
185.3
226.8
201.6
200.8
194.1
147.9

199.3
252.7
301.4
196.4
446.8
244.2
263.7
147.0
190.2
231.4
211.8
212.6
207.3
153.8

202.5
258.3
284.3
197.8
437.6
255.3
264.8
147.6
194.2
229.7
212.6
215.7
215.6
154.4

17.5
40.8
4.6
4.8
3.5
-14.5
5.3
10.1
7.5
3.5
8.4
14.6
27.9
6.1

1.6
2.2
-5.7
0.7
-2.1
4.5
0.4
0.4
2.1
-0.7
0.4
1.5
4.0
0.4

1.7
8.1
-5.8
0.0
-4.4
–
-2.8
0.1
1.3
1.2
1.6
1.6
3.2
1.0

4.5
1.7
3.2
0.5
2.8
0.0
1.8
2.7
0.6
1.5
3.7
1.6
6.0
2.8

1.6
2.2
-5.7
0.7
-2.1
4.5
0.4
0.4
2.1
-0.4
0.3
1.5
4.0
0.4

Mechanical power transmission equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metal valves, ex.fluid power (Dec. 1982=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ball and roller bearings2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wiring devices2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motors, generators, motor generator sets2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Switchgear, switchboard, etc, equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic components and accessories2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internal combustion engines2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machine shop products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-45
11-48
11-49-02
11-49-05
11-71
11-73
11-75
11-78
11-94
11-95

212.5
159.4
236.5
205.8
201.5
178.7
193.6
77.4
155.6
169.6

222.0
164.1
242.1
216.9
210.3
182.9
195.5
77.4
157.2
171.2

223.2
165.9
241.9
216.9
210.1
183.5
195.4
77.3
157.4
171.6

8.6
5.5
5.5
7.1
7.2
5.5
4.5
-4.3
1.5
7.7

0.5
1.1
-0.1
0.0
-0.1
0.3
-0.1
-0.1
0.1
0.2

1.1
0.2
0.6
-1.2
0.8
0.6
1.2
0.0
0.4
0.9

2.1
1.2
1.0
4.1
1.4
1.4
0.0
-0.1
0.6
-0.1

0.7
1.4
-0.1
0.0
-0.1
0.3
-0.1
-0.1
0.1
0.2

Flat glass2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Concrete products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asphalt felts and coatings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gypsum products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Glass containers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-11
13-22
13-3
13-6
13-7
13-8

112.5
211.3
208.7
156.9
211.0
170.0

117.3
210.3
211.5
185.9
209.8
174.2

118.0
210.7
211.3
209.6
219.7
172.9

3.4
0.5
3.6
42.6
1.7
5.8

0.6
0.2
-0.1
12.7
4.7
-0.7

0.4
0.4
1.0
4.3
-0.4
0.6

2.3
-0.9
0.0
10.9
1.3
1.9

0.6
0.5
0.0
13.0
4.7
-0.5

Motor vehicle parts2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-12
Aircraft engines & engine parts (Dec 1985=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-23
Aircraft parts & aux. equip.,nec (June 1985=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . 14-25

118.5
185.5
163.5

120.3
185.5
164.3

120.8
186.0
166.8

2.1
3.6
5.5

0.4
0.3
1.5

0.0
-0.1
0.2

1.2
0.4
0.1

0.4
0.4
1.5

Photographic supplies2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-42
Medical/surgical/personal aid devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-6

124.5
166.1

125.5
166.3

127.1
165.9

2.7
1.8

1.3
-0.2

-0.3
-0.2

0.0
0.5

1.3
-0.2

Crude materials for further processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

274.6

317.9

280.0

38.1

-11.9

3.7

4.2

-11.9

Crude foodstuffs and feedstuffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

168.1

179.3

170.4

15.3

-5.0

3.5

0.1

-5.2

01-21
01-22-02
01-31
01-32
01-41-02
01-42
01-6
01-83-01-31

269.1
232.1
133.9
68.5
206.6
162.0
134.9
228.2

217.3
240.5
144.8
87.6
232.4
178.5
145.4
259.5

220.7
205.4
148.0
107.2
208.5
186.9
138.6
203.0

27.6
63.0
10.3
26.3
2.5
9.4
-14.3
58.0

1.6
-14.6
2.2
22.4
-10.3
4.7
-4.7
-21.8

-2.7
12.2
-0.4
-3.4
-0.9
-2.0
5.7
6.9

-9.1
-6.1
4.5
-2.1
3.6
-0.1
-0.5
7.0

1.6
-14.6
2.2
20.1
-9.0
-0.3
-5.7
-21.8

Cane sugar, raw (Dec 2003=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02-52-01-03

117.9

121.9

123.9

2.3

1.6

0.0

3.0

1.6

352.4

423.3

360.5

51.7

-14.8

3.7

6.0

-14.8

Wheat2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corn2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slaughter cattle2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slaughter hogs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slaughter broilers/fryers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slaughter turkeys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fluid milk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soybeans2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Crude nonfood materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Raw cotton2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01-51

103.5

100.5

99.0

32.4

-1.5

-2.5

1.9

-1.5

Hides and skins2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04-1

193.5

201.1

199.6

-1.0

-0.7

3.2

0.0

-0.7

Coal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05-1
Natural gas2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05-31
Crude petroleum2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05-61

163.9
384.0
314.4

166.8
512.6
389.3

169.9
389.9
320.6

30.2
61.6
62.0

1.9
-23.9
-17.6

14.4
5.2
4.4

2.1
7.8
6.7

2.7
-23.9
-17.6

Logs, timber, etc2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08-5

217.4

222.6

220.0

2.9

-1.2

1.1

0.1

-1.2

Wastepaper2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 09-12

437.9

403.2

401.0

3.2

-0.5

-4.7

1.5

-0.5

Iron ore2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11

145.2

145.2

145.2

12.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

See footnotes at end of table.

15

Table 2. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings by stage of
processing — Continued
[1982=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping

Unadjusted percent
change to Aug. 2008
from:

Unadjusted index

Commodity
code

Apr. 20081 July 20081

Seasonally adjusted percent change
from:

Aug.
20081

Aug. 2007

July 2008

May to
June

June to
July

July to
Aug.

Crude nonfood materials - Continued
Iron and steel scrap2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonferrous metal ores (Dec 1983=100)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Copper base scrap2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aluminum base scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-12
10-21
10-23-01
10-23-02

700.4
282.2
605.3
318.2

816.4
280.9
581.1
323.6

786.6
275.6
551.4
309.1

100.1
8.9
8.7
15.5

-3.7
-1.9
-5.1
-4.5

0.3
1.0
-5.3
1.1

5.2
3.9
1.8
5.8

-3.7
-1.9
-5.1
-2.3

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-21
Industrial sand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-99-01

245.1
206.8

248.0
221.7

250.7
220.9

7.0
15.6

1.1
-0.4

1.0
0.6

-0.2
6.6

1.3
0.2

1 The indexes for April 2008 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject revision 4 months after original publication.
2 Not seasonally adjusted.
″-″ Data not available.

16

Table 3. Producer price indexes for selected commodity groupings
[1982=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Commodity
code

Grouping

Unadjusted index1
Apr. 2008

July 2008

Aug. 2008

190.9

205.6

199.9

Farm products and processed foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Farm products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01
Processed foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02

174.0
166.7
177.8

182.6
174.7
186.6

179.3
164.5
187.4

Industrial commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile products and apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hides, skins, leather, and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuels and related products and power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals and allied products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rubber and plastic products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lumber and wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pulp, paper, and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metals and metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and household durables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

193.8
127.6
172.9
224.7
240.4
161.3
190.5
224.9
217.6
128.7
147.2
191.0
157.6
214.9

209.6
129.0
175.0
269.8
259.4
167.3
193.7
226.8
232.2
130.4
149.1
198.9
157.5
218.4

203.5
130.1
175.4
239.5
268.7
169.1
193.7
230.0
232.2
130.8
149.9
203.1
157.3
219.1

179.8

185.7

187.5

159.9
239.8
119.0
195.0
104.3
184.7
255.5
244.9
228.5
146.3
136.3
177.5
171.4
175.3
305.2
127.8
158.6
386.5
170.4
291.1
339.3
244.3
168.7
147.3
183.6
160.0
171.9
162.8
196.3
194.7
250.6
270.6
228.6
167.5
189.3
186.6
113.2
162.4
172.4
228.7
133.6
142.9
110.5
161.4

150.9
235.4
132.8
218.6
101.4
150.3
289.8
278.1
233.2
157.6
142.7
180.1
174.1
177.0
336.6
128.0
159.9
506.0
183.5
357.9
341.9
303.1
173.8
156.4
212.8
165.2
177.2
166.9
198.5
197.4
295.0
266.3
228.8
169.9
194.7
187.8
114.0
166.7
173.9
230.1
132.7
145.0
111.6
163.4

138.1
210.2
141.6
201.2
99.9
163.7
238.5
218.8
232.7
160.9
140.5
182.4
173.9
177.9
319.6
128.5
159.9
390.3
183.5
314.3
343.4
333.5
175.0
158.2
221.6
165.8
179.0
167.9
203.7
201.0
296.4
261.0
225.8
170.5
196.4
188.3
114.0
167.6
174.6
231.9
132.0
145.3
112.8
163.4

All commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Major commodity groups

03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15

Industrial commodities less fuels and related products and power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other commodity groupings
Fruits and melons, fresh and dry vegetables, and tree nuts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slaughter livestock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slaughter poultry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plant and animal fibers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chicken eggs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hay, hayseeds, and oilseeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oilseeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cereal and bakery products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Meats, poultry, and fish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed poultry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sugar and confectionery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Beverages and beverage materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Packaged beverage materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fats and oils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other leather and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gas fuels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refined petroleum products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drugs and pharmaceuticals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agricultural chemicals and products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other chemicals and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rubber and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rubber, except natural rubber. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastic products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lumber. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pulp, paper, and products, excluding building paper and board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Converted paper and paperboard products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Iron and steel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonferrous metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonferrous mill shapes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metalworking machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General purpose machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Special industry machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other household durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Concrete ingredients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Toys, sporting goods, small arms, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Photographic equipment and supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other miscellaneous products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

01-1
01-2
01-3
01-4
01-5
01-7
01-8
01-83
02-1
02-2
02-22
02-5
02-6
02-63
02-7
03-81
04-4
05-3
05-4
05-7
06-3
06-5
06-7
07-1
07-11
07-13
07-2
08-1
09-1
09-15
10-1
10-2
10-25
11-3
11-4
11-6
11-7
11-9
12-6
13-2
14-1
15-1
15-4
15-9

1 Data for April 2008 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents. All data are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.
2 Prices of some items in this grouping are lagged 1 month.

17

Table 4. Producer price indexes for the net output of selected industries and industry groups, not seasonally
adjusted
Industry1

Industry
code

Index
base

Percent change to Aug. 2008
from:

Index
2

Apr. 2008

2

July 2008

2

Aug. 2008

Aug. 2007

July 2008

Total mining, utilities, and manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12/06

111.8

118.9

117.2

12.5

-1.4

Total mining industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Mining (except oil & gas). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Mining support activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

12/84
12/85
12/03
12/03

301.6
390.8
186.1
170.1

368.9
499.4
189.3
176.5

306.9
395.4
191.6
178.8

44.4
55.6
19.2
6.0

-16.8
-20.8
1.2
1.3

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

12/03

134.5

146.3

146.2

11.8

-0.1

Total manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Beverage & tobacco mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leather and allied product manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood product manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemical mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral product mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metal mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal product mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer & electronic product mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical equipment, appliance & component mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture & related product mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12/84
12/84
12/03
12/84
12/03
12/03
12/84
12/03
12/03
12/03
12/84
12/84
12/84
12/84
12/84
12/84
12/03
12/03
12/03
12/03
12/84
12/03

175.3
171.2
112.9
110.6
111.3
102.2
152.7
106.2
120.2
109.0
347.7
221.1
156.8
169.1
211.5
171.1
115.1
92.7
127.3
106.7
169.5
109.3

185.6
180.1
115.2
112.6
112.0
102.4
154.4
109.0
121.6
110.0
428.9
233.7
162.7
171.4
233.2
177.3
117.9
93.0
129.0
106.5
172.1
110.4

183.0
180.8
114.9
113.9
113.0
102.8
154.8
109.2
124.2
110.4
383.9
240.0
165.0
171.9
235.1
178.9
118.5
93.0
129.9
106.3
172.7
110.8

12.3
12.8
4.5
4.9
3.0
1.3
3.3
1.3
7.4
3.4
48.8
17.1
9.1
3.2
22.4
9.8
5.5
-0.5
5.1
2.0
4.2
3.6

-1.4
0.4
-0.3
1.2
0.9
0.4
0.3
0.2
2.1
0.4
-10.5
2.7
1.4
0.3
0.8
0.9
0.5
0.0
0.7
-0.2
0.3
0.4

Total trade industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12/06

106.6

110.1

112.4

7.7

2.1

Total wholesale trade industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
Wholesale trade agents and brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

12/06
06/04
06/05
06/05

105.7
113.9
114.7
110.6

110.6
120.0
119.3
110.8

115.8
123.1
128.7
112.0

11.3
10.7
12.6
5.0

4.7
2.6
7.9
1.1

Total retail trade industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bldg material and garden equip and supp dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sporting goods hobby, book and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
451
452
454

12/06
12/03
12/03
12/03
12/03
12/99
12/03
06/01
12/03
12/03
12/03
12/03

107.4
118.9
119.4
119.7
117.4
147.9
127.2
65.7
111.6
110.2
115.9
136.4

109.8
118.1
120.3
110.1
121.6
151.3
135.4
80.1
111.7
114.0
113.1
140.9

110.1
118.8
120.8
109.9
120.0
150.0
133.1
84.3
111.0
113.9
111.4
167.6

5.2
3.4
1.0
0.1
-0.7
7.1
7.1
18.2
3.9
7.4
-0.8
30.6

0.3
0.6
0.4
-0.2
-1.3
-0.9
-1.7
5.2
-0.6
-0.1
-1.5
18.9

Transportation and warehousing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12/06

110.5

115.9

116.1

10.2

0.2

Transportation industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline transportation of crude oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refined petroleum product pipeline transport. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation support activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

481
482
483
484
486110
486910
488

12/06
12/92
12/96
12/03
12/03
06/86
06/86
12/03

110.5
199.5
152.9
121.1
122.4
149.9
135.7
112.2

116.1
211.4
161.7
129.3
127.9
156.3
142.1
113.8

116.2
213.0
163.2
132.2
127.1
156.1
141.8
113.0

11.1
12.6
14.4
15.3
10.0
10.4
5.7
3.1

0.1
0.8
0.9
2.2
-0.6
-0.1
-0.2
-0.7

Delivery and warehouse industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Postal service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493

12/06
06/89
12/03
12/06

110.2
175.5
138.3
105.5

115.0
180.5
146.8
107.4

115.5
180.5
148.2
107.4

7.3
2.8
12.1
5.4

0.4
0.0
1.0
0.0

Total traditional service industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12/06

102.1

101.8

102.5

0.6

0.7

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ISPs and Web search portals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12/06
12/03
12/03
12/03
06/04
12/03

102.2
110.9
106.4
101.0
73.5
100.4

102.0
110.8
103.3
101.0
74.0
101.0

102.5
111.3
104.3
101.7
73.5
101.1

1.5
2.7
5.7
0.4
1.4
0.7

0.5
0.5
1.0
0.7
-0.7
0.1

311
312
313
314
315
316
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
339

511
515
517
5181
5182

See footnotes at end of table.

18

Table 4. Producer price indexes for the net output of selected industries and industry groups, not seasonally
adjusted — Continued
Industry1
Selected health care industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Blood and organ banks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential mental retardation facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other selected traditional service industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depository credit intermediation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Security, commodity contracts and like activity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lessors of nonres bldg (exc miniwarehouse). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lessors of miniwarehouse and self storage units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of real estate agents and brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automotive equipment rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other heavy machinery rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architectural, engineering and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising agencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Travel agencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Janitorial services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Waste collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer training. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amusement and theme parks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Golf courses and country clubs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fitness and recreational sports centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial machinery repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Industry
code

Index
base

Percent change to Aug. 2008
from:

Index
2

2

2

Apr. 2008

July 2008

Aug. 2008

Aug. 2007

July 2008

6211
6215
6216
621991
622
6231
62321

12/06
12/96
12/03
12/96
06/06
12/92
12/03
12/03

104.5
123.2
107.3
125.4
105.5
162.7
118.5
118.2

104.7
123.2
106.9
125.4
106.3
163.2
119.1
117.8

104.8
123.4
106.9
126.8
106.8
163.1
119.4
118.1

2.5
1.0
-0.7
2.3
2.9
3.2
3.2
4.3

0.1
0.2
0.0
1.1
0.5
-0.1
0.3
0.3

5221
523
524
53112
53113
5312
5321
532412
5411
5413
5416
54181
5613
56151
56172
5621
61142
71311
71391
71394
721
8113

12/06
12/03
12/03
12/03
12/03
12/03
12/03
06/01
12/03
12/96
12/96
06/06
12/03
12/96
12/03
12/03
12/03
06/06
06/06
12/05
12/04
12/96
06/06

101.3
104.0
119.6
109.7
109.5
112.2
110.2
120.3
119.1
161.1
140.5
105.3
105.7
122.9
98.8
108.9
112.2
109.4
108.3
106.4
100.7
145.6
104.8

100.8
97.7
118.8
109.9
110.2
115.2
107.0
132.6
117.1
161.5
141.5
106.3
105.7
123.1
98.8
109.1
112.1
110.1
109.6
106.9
101.0
152.8
106.2

101.7
102.1
119.4
110.2
111.5
115.4
105.4
133.4
117.5
161.7
141.5
106.1
105.7
123.5
98.8
109.8
113.1
110.3
111.4
107.0
101.1
152.4
106.7

-0.4
-11.9
-0.8
2.3
3.3
1.4
-5.1
9.1
-0.5
5.1
0.5
3.6
0.6
1.3
-2.2
4.1
4.8
6.0
4.3
2.2
1.3
3.5
4.4

0.9
4.5
0.5
0.3
1.2
0.2
-1.5
0.6
0.3
0.1
0.0
-0.2
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.6
0.9
0.2
1.6
0.1
0.1
-0.3
0.5

1 Indexes in this table are derived from the net-output-weighted industry price indexes. Because of differences in coverage and aggregation methodology, they will generally not match the
movements of similarly titled indexes which are derived from traditional commodity groupings.
2 The indexes for April 2008 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.
″-″ Data not available.
NOTE: NAICS replaced the SIC system beginning with the release of PPI data for January 2004.
See http://www.bls.gov/ppi/ppinaics.htm for details.

19

Table 5. Producer price indexes by stage of processing, seasonally adjusted
[1982=100]
Index1
Grouping

Mar. 2008

Apr. 2008

May 2008

June 2008

July 2008

Aug. 2008

Finished goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer goods, excluding foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods less foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Capital equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

175.6
184.9
176.2
195.4
174.3
188.0
209.5
139.5
151.6
155.1
150.4

176.1
185.3
176.2
183.0
175.6
188.4
209.7
140.5
152.5
155.9
151.3

178.5
188.5
177.4
175.1
177.6
192.5
215.9
140.3
152.7
156.7
151.3

181.7
192.8
180.1
189.3
179.2
197.5
223.3
140.7
153.1
157.1
151.7

183.9
195.2
180.6
170.8
181.5
200.7
227.7
141.6
154.3
158.0
153.0

182.2
192.9
181.2
164.4
182.8
197.2
222.4
141.4
154.5
158.7
153.0

Intermediate materials, supplies, and components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials and components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials for food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials for nondurable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials for durable manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Components for manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials and components for construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed fuels and lubricants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Containers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

185.2
173.0
180.1
205.8
200.2
137.9
197.2
209.7
200.8
213.9
185.9
170.0
167.5
169.1
179.3
169.2

187.1
175.4
180.6
209.3
205.4
138.6
200.0
210.6
200.5
215.2
187.0
171.2
168.4
170.5
179.3
170.6

192.0
178.7
182.2
214.3
212.5
139.3
203.2
224.1
211.4
229.9
188.0
172.8
168.6
172.4
187.1
172.0

196.1
181.6
185.1
220.1
216.1
139.9
206.2
234.6
217.8
242.0
188.5
174.3
169.7
174.0
187.3
173.7

201.4
186.5
186.7
232.0
219.3
141.4
209.8
243.2
226.8
250.5
191.7
177.8
171.4
177.8
205.8
175.9

199.4
190.6
186.6
244.1
220.1
142.1
213.0
220.4
214.8
223.4
194.3
179.4
172.7
179.6
204.6
178.0

Crude materials for further processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foodstuffs and feedstuffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonfood materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonfood materials except fuel2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude fuel3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

262.6
170.6
327.1
324.0
301.9
200.4
306.3
289.7
313.4

274.9
169.8
351.3
348.6
325.0
199.1
328.0
310.9
335.5

293.1
170.9
384.7
373.1
348.1
196.9
374.1
352.5
382.9

303.8
176.8
399.1
381.6
356.0
198.5
397.8
375.5
407.0

316.5
177.0
423.1
401.4
374.6
201.6
426.7
402.4
436.7

278.8
167.8
360.6
358.9
334.7
200.4
335.5
318.4
343.1

Finished goods, excluding foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intermediate materials less foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intermediate foods and feeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude materials less agricultural products2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

175.1
185.5
180.4
336.3

175.7
187.4
180.7
361.4

178.5
192.4
184.5
396.6

181.9
196.6
186.4
411.9

184.5
201.8
193.9
436.9

182.2
199.7
193.5
371.5

Finished energy goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer goods less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

179.7
167.5
174.6

179.5
168.2
175.1

188.1
168.9
176.0

199.4
169.9
177.3

205.5
170.9
178.2

196.1
171.3
178.7

Finished goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished consumer goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer nondurable goods less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

164.9
173.9
203.5

165.8
174.8
204.3

166.3
175.5
205.9

166.7
176.0
206.5

167.8
177.1
207.7

168.2
177.5
208.9

Intermediate energy goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intermediate materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intermediate materials less foods and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

212.0
176.0
175.8

212.2
178.3
178.2

225.5
181.1
180.9

236.7
183.3
183.2

246.9
187.3
186.9

226.6
190.2
190.0

Crude energy materials2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude materials less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude nonfood materials less energy3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

325.1
212.9
331.5

345.5
219.6
365.1

388.7
222.7
375.0

409.7
227.3
374.1

438.1
230.3
387.0

352.9
221.3
379.8

Special groupings

1 All seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change up to 5 years after original publication due to the recalculation of seasonal factors each January. The indexes for April 2008 have
been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents.
2 Includes crude petroleum.
3 Excludes crude petroleum.
″-″ Data not available.

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