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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Treasury Announces Marketable Borrowing Estimates
July 31, 2023

Sources and Uses Table
WASHINGTON -- The U.S. Department of the Treasury today announced its current estimates of
privately-held net marketable borrowing[1]for the July – September 2023 and October – December
2023 quarters.
During the July – September 2023 quarter, Treasury expects to borrow $1.007 trillion in
privately-held net marketable debt, assuming an end-of-September cash balance of $650
billion.[2] The borrowing estimate is $274 billion higher than announced in May 2023, primarily
due to the lower beginning-of-quarter cash balance ($148 billion) and higher end-of-quarter
cash balance ($50 billion), as well as projections of lower receipts and higher outlays ($83
billion).[3]
During the October – December 2023 quarter, Treasury expects to borrow $852 billion in
privately-held net marketable debt, assuming an end-of-December cash balance of $750
billion.[4]
During the April – June 2023 quarter, Treasury borrowed $657 billion in privately-held net
marketable debt and ended the quarter with a cash balance of $402 billion. In May 2023, Treasury
estimated borrowing of $726 billion and assumed an end-of-June cash balance of $550 billion. The
$70 billion decrease in privately-held net market borrowing resulted primarily from the lower endof-quarter cash balance ($148 billion), somewhat offset by lower receipts and higher outlays.

Additional financing details relating to Treasury’s Quarterly Refunding will be released at 8:30 a.m.
on Wednesday, August 2, 2023.

[1] Privately-held net marketable borrowing excludes rollovers (auction “add-ons”) of Treasury securities held in the Federal
Reserve System Open Market Account (SOMA) but includes financing required due to SOMA redemptions. Secondary market

purchases of Treasury securities by SOMA do not directly change net privately-held marketable borrowing but, all else equal, when
the securities mature and assuming the Federal Reserve does not redeem any maturing securities, would increase the amount of
cash raised for a given privately-held auction size by increasing the SOMA “add-on” amount.
[2]

[3] $22 billion of SOMA Treasury holdings dated September 30, 2023, are projected to be redeemed on October 2, 2023. These
redemptions are expected to be considered by the Federal Reserve as part of the September redemption cap, but are not reflected
in the $1.007 trillion in expected borrowing above, as the redemptions will settle in October.
[4] $32 billion of SOMA Treasury holdings dated December 31, 2023, are projected to be redeemed on January 2, 2024. These
redemptions are expected to be considered by the Federal Reserve as part of the December redemption cap, but are not reflected in
the $852 billion in expected borrowing above, as the redemptions will settle in January.