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Dayton & Montgomery Cow
Public Library
OCT 5 1870
COLLECTION
*r *
1980 projections of final demand,
in te S ^ d R fll refat ions hips, output,
odtic tiv ity , and employment
%► *
S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of L abor S ta tistics
etin 1672
. mmmm
This bulletin is the third in a series reporting on the BLS 1980 projections
of the labor force, and industry demand, output, employment and occupation.
“ The U.S. economy in 1980: a preview of BLS projections,” appearing in the
April 1970 M o n t h l y L a b o r R e v i e w , initiated the series; BLS bulletin 1673, T h e
U .S . E c o n o m y in 1 9 8 0 , expanded on the Review article.
Other articles and bulletins are planned to present additional findings and
evaluations for each of the major topics included in the initial study.
PATTERNS
OF U.S.
ECONOM IC
GROW TH
1980 p ro je ctio n s of fin a l demand,
in te rin dustry re la tio n s h ip s , o u tp u t,
p ro d u c tiv ity , and employment
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
J. D. Hodgson, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner
BULLETIN 1672
1970
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $1.25
Preface
This bulletin presents projections of employment by industry for 1980,
based on projections of the labor force, potential gross national product,
the composition and industry structure of gross national product, and
industry output and output per man-hour. Each of the elements in the
sequence of projections is discussed in considerable detail in the chapters
which follow.
The 1980 projections are part of a coordinated program of the Bureau
of Labor Statistics in the field of manpower projections. This program
includes detailed projections of the labor force, aggregate and industry
demand, output, employment, and occupational projections.1 A major
objective of the employment projections by industry is to provide a
framework for the occupational outlook program of the Bureau. In addi
tion, detailed projections of demand, output, and employment have
important uses in providing insight into the effects of alternative govern
ment policies on the distribution of gross national product and employ
ment by industry. For businesses, these projections represent an
important source of information for developing long-run capital invest
ment and understanding changing market structures.
The projections presented in this bulletin are summarized in an article
in the M on th ly L a b o r R e v ie w .2 Other articles and reports are planned to
present additional findings and evaluation for each of the major topics
included in the study.
This study is similar in content and technique to an earlier research
project in which projections were developed for 1970.3 Both studies
were prepared within the Bureau of Labor Statistics as a part of its
work on the Interagency Economic Growth Project. The Growth Project
is chaired by a representative of the Council of Economic Advisors and
has representatives from the Bureau of the Budget and the U.S. Depart
ment of Commerce and Labor. Various agencies and research groups
perform research under its auspices.4 The work of the Bureau of Labor
Statistics in the Growth Project is under the supervision of Jack Alterman, Director of Economic Growth Studies.
This bulletin was prepared in the Bureau of Labor Statistics Office of
Productivity, Technology and Growth. The study was performed by the
staff of the Bureau’s Division of Economic Growth. Ronald E. Kutscher,
Chief of the Division of Economic Growth, was responsible for direct
supervision of the projections and for preparation of the report. Donald
P. Eldridge supervised the preparation of final demand estimates and
assisted in the report preparation; Eva E. Jacobs prepared the aggregate
III
economic projections and developed the projections of industry output
per man-hour; Richard P. Oliver prepared the projections of military
expenditures; William I. Karr prepared the projections of input-output
coefficients; Thomas Fleming prepared the projections of State and local
government spending and nondefense Federal spending; James Walsh
projected business investment and residential construction; Charles Bow
man projected personal consumption expenditures, exports and imports.
Other staff who participated directly in various phases of the research
were Arthur Andreassen, Steve Cochran, and Joyce Goins.
1
Other su b stan tial work by th e B ureau on projections is contained in Tom orrow's
M anpow er N eeds, V olum es I, II, III, and IV , (B L S B u lletin 1 6 0 6 ), Occupational
E m ploym en t P attern s fo r 1960 and 1975 (B L S B u lletin 1 955), and The U .S. Labor
F o r c e : P rojections fo r 1985, (M onthly Labor R eview , M ay 1970).
a“The U .S. Econom y in 1980: A P review o f B LS P rojection s,” M onthly L abor
R eview , A p ril 1970. R eprinted w ith additional d etail a s B ulletin 1673.
3
B LS B u lletin 1536.
* F or a complete listin g o f research under the sponsorship o f th e
Econom ic Growth P roject see appendix B, P a rt II.
IV
In teragen cy
Contents
Page
Introduction and H ighlights_____________________________
Assumptions ___________________________ ____________
Approach _________________________________________
H igh ligh ts_________________________________________
Projection of Potential Gross National P roduct_____________
Labor fo r c e ________________________________________
Conversion to j o b s ____ _____________________________
H o u rs_____________________________________________
Output per m an-hour_______________________________
GNP growth r a t e ___________________________________
Composition of gross national produ ct____________________
GNP components___________________________________
Personal consumption expenditures___________________
Gross private domestic investment____________________
Net exp o rts________________________________________
Government expenditures____________________________
Final demand by input-output se c to rs________________
Projected Industry Output, Output Per Man-Hour
and Em ployment_____________________________________
Projection of input-output coefficients_________________
Sector distribution of real output_____________________
Output per man-hour________________________________
Employment _______________________________________
High Durable m od els___________________________________
Factors determining real G N P ________________________
Components of GNP _______________________________
Industry structure of demand, output, and employment__
Alternative rates of growth in real G N P ______________
Implications of the 1980 projections______________________
Manpower implications _____________________________
Other implications__________________________________
Factors determining Gross National Product 1957, 1965, 1968,
and projected 1980 ___________________________________
Gross National Product by major component selected years
and project, 1980-(1958 dollars) _______________________
Sector composition of gross output originating selected
years and projected 1980 ______________________________
Industries projected to grow most rapidly in output, 1965-80 __
Civilian employment by major sector, selected years and
projected 1980 _______________________________________
Industries projected to grow most rapidly in employment,
1965-80 _____________________________________________
Labor force, hours and Gross National Product, projected 1980 _
Gross National Product, 1980 by major component__________
Civilian employment by major sector, projected 1980 ________
V
l
l
l
2
11
11
13
13
14
15
16
16
16
17
20
22
27
29
29
31
36
36
39
39
40
41
44
47
47
48
3
4
5
5
6
7
8
9
10
Contents—Continued
Page
Table—Continued
10. Labor force, employment, annual hours, productivity and
Gross National Products actual 1957, 1965-68 and pro
jected 1980 __________________________________________
11. Derivation of civilian employment control to ta ls---------------12. Part-time employment as a percent of total employment------13. Gross National Product by major components, selected years
and projected 1980
___________________________
14. Gross National Product by major components, selected years
and projected 1980 (percen t)___________________________
15. Changes in Gross National Product by major components,
selected years and projected 1980 _______________________
16. Personal consumption expenditures, by major types, for
selected years andprojected 1980 _______________________
17. Distribution of personal consumption expenditures by major
types, for selected years and projected 1980 _______________
18. Annual rate of change in personal consumption expenditures
by major types, for selected p eriods_____________________
19. State and local Government purchases of goods and services,
by function, for selected years and projected 1980 lev els___
20. Sector composition of 1980 projections________________ 27
21. Index of coefficient change, 1965-80 _______________________
22. Gross product originating selected years and projected 1980 __
23. Industries projected to grow most rapidly in output, 1965-80 __
24. Industries with significant changes in projected output growth
r a t e s ________________________________________________
25. Range of projected rate of change in output per man-hour by
industry, 1965-80 _____________________________________
26. Civilian employment by major sector selected years and
projected 1980 _______________________________________
27. Annual rate of change in civilian employment by major sector __
28. Industries with 1965-80 employment growth rates of 2.0
percent and ab o v e ____________________________________
29. Projected changes in employment by major sector 1965-80 ___
30. Labor force, hours and Gross National Product, for 3-percent
models 1957, 1965, 1968, and projected 1980 ______________
31. Labor force, hours and Gross National Product, for 4-percent
models 1957, 1965, 1968, and projected 1980 ______________
32. Gross National Product by major component, for 3-percent
models 1965, 1968, and projected 1980 __________________
33. Gross National Product by major component, for 4-percent
models 1965,1968, and projected 1980 ____________________
34. Sector composition of gross output originating selected
years and projected 1980 ______________________________
35. Industries projected to grow most rapidly in real output,
1965-80
36. Civilian employment by major industry group, for 4-percent
models 1965, 1968, and projected 1980 __________________
VI
12
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
30
32
34
34
35
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
43
44
44
45
Contents—Continued
Page
Table—Continued
37. Civilian employment by major industry group, 4-percent
models 1965, 1968, and projected 1980 (4-percent basic and
high durable) ________________________________________
38. Alternative 1980 Gross National Product annual rate of change,
1965-80 _____________________________________________
Chart:
1. Average anual growth rates of fastest growing industries------2. Interrelationship of potential national product, final demand,
industry production, productivity, and employment_______
Appendix:
A. Methods of developing the 1980 projections_________________
B. Bibliography of Research by the Interagency Economic Growth
Project ______________________________________________
C. Bureau of Labor Statistics Publications of EconomicProjections .
D. Tables and M atrices_____________________________________
VII
48
49
33
54
51
81
85
89
Chapter I.
Introduction and H ighlights
Assumptions
The estimates of 1980 demand, output and
employment presented in this report are not
forecasts but projections of what the economy
might be like under a given set of assumptions.
One assumption is that the Viet Nam conflict
will have been resolved and that defense ex
penditures will have been reduced somewhat,
although the level will be still somewhat
higher than just before the Viet Nam build-up.
Another assumption is that the economy will
continue to grow at approximately its potential
growth rate based on continued high resource
utilization.
Four alternative 1980 models are presented
in this report. These four models are grouped
into two sets of models—one set is called the
basic models and the other the high durable
goods models. Each of the sets has two models
with identical characteristics throughout ex
cept for the unemployment rate which is var
ied : one of the models in each set has a 3 per
cent rate and the other has a 4 percent rate.
Most of the discussion throughout the text
of the 1980 report will present the basic mod
els. These are used because they represent
what is believed to be the more likely projec
tion to 1980 than the high durable models. The
basic models reflect the long-term shift to
wards services and away from goods. In order
to evaluate the difference it would make to the
structure of employment if this shift were
slowed down considerably, an alternative set of
estimates were prepared that emphasize ex
penditures on durable goods. The high durable
models are discussed in detail in chapter V and
are summarized later in this chapter.
The basic models have the following charac
teristics: a 3 or 4 percent unemployment rate
and a distribution of GNP that primarily re
flects a continuation of past trends modified to
take account of specific anticipated develop
ments. As a proportion of gross national prod
uct, it shows personal consumption expendi
tures somewhat higher than in the past. State
and local government purchases are also pro
jected as an increasing proportion of GNP.
Federal Government purchases on the other
hand, show a sizable drop as a proportion
of GNP, particularly when compared with
current levels which include a large amount
of Viet Nam related expenditures. However,
Federal nondefense purchases are projected to
increase relative to GNP so that total govern
ment purchases for nondefense functions, Fed
eral as well as State and local, are projected to
increase faster than the over-all growth rate
and as a proportion of GNP. The Armed
Forces in the basic models return to 2.7 million
—about their pre-Viet Nam level. Investment,
both nonresidential and residential, are pro
jected to take a slightly larger proportion of
GNP than at the present time.
In the high durable models the major as
sumptions are : a 3 or 4 percent unemployment
rate and the major areas of demand related to
durable goods a higher proportion of GNP
than in the basic models. Therefore, Federal
Government expenditures, particularly de
fense, do not drop as much as a proportion of
GNP as in the basic models. Investment, both
residential and nonresidential, are higher as a
proportion of GNP than currently or than
found in the basic models, and consumer ex
penditures for durable goods are higher in the
high durable models. The other elements of de
mand—State and local government expendi
tures and consumer nondurables and services
expenditures—are lower proportions than in
the basic models.
Approach
The 1980 projections are made in a series of
distinct but closely inter-related steps. First,
the potential gross national product is devel
oped based on a projection of the labor force,
assumptions regarding the rate of unemploy
ment and the level of the Armed Forces, and
by projecting trends in average hours and out
put per man-hour. Given the potential gross
national product, projections are developed of
the composition of GNP among demand compo
nents—government, consumption, business in
vestment and net foreign demand. Once the
composition of GNP is determined, the detailed
distribution of each of these final demand com1
ponents is projected. In order to translate
projections of industry demand into industry
output requirements, input-output relation
ships which have been projected to 1980 are
used. After the calculation of industry growth
rate is completed, the final step is to derive the
projected level of employment, by industry, by
using projections of changes in output per
man-hour by industry.1
Highlights
Gross national product in the basic models is
projected to grow at an annual rate of 4.3 per
cent a year in real terms between 1965 and
1980.2 This growth rate results in a 1980
gross national product of $1,165 billion in con
stant 1958 dollars under the 3-percent unem
ployment assumption and $1,155 billion under
the assumption of a 4-percent unemployment
rate.3 The projected rate of growth in GNP of
4.3 percent a year is lower than the 4.9 percent
recent rate of increase in aggregate output but
higher than the long-run growth rate of 4.0
percent a year for the 1947-68 postwar period.
The overall growth rate in GNP is projected
by taking into consideration changes in the
labor force, hours of work, and output per
man-hour. (See table 1.)
The labor force (1965-80) is expected to
grow faster than in the 1957-65 period, 1.8
percent a year compared with 1.3 percent. The
total number of jobs is projected to increase at
a somewhat faster rate, 1.8 or 1.9 percent per
year, compared with 1.1 percent.
In the 1957-65 period annual hours declined
at a rate of 0.2 a year. During the projected pe
riod they are expected to decline also at a 0.2 a
year rate. The projected decline in hours, how
ever, will result to a considerable extent from
the expected increase in part-time employment.
Output per man-hour is expected to grow at
a somewhat lower rate than it has over the
postwar period 1947-65 and particularly over
the last decade. The slight decline in the pro
jected rate of increase is due to the fact that
the long-term favorable influence on overall
productivity of the manpower shift from the
low productivity farm sector to other higher
productivity sectors had largely run its course
2
towards the end of the sixties and would con
tribute less in the future than in the past.
To summarize: the 4.3 growth rate in GNP
reflects a higher projected labor force growth,
slightly higher projected growth in total jobs,
greater growth in projected private jobs, con
tinuation of past rate of decline of average
hours and a somewhat smaller rate of increase
of output per man-hour.
C om position o f g ro ss n ation al p ro d u c t . Gross
national product and its major components for
selected years and projections to 1980 for the
basic models are shown in table 2. In compar
ing the 1980 projections with the historical
data, several observations can be made about
GNP and its components. The ratio of con
sumption to GNP is higher (65.1 percent) in
the 1980 projections than it has been in the
past. While no clear historical trend in the pro
portion of GNP going to consumption is evi
dent the slight proportionate increase for this
category does not substantially depart from
past relationships. The increase for consump
tion in the basic models reflects the underlying
assumption that part of the declining Federal
defense share of GNP is distributed to consum
ers either by transfer payments or a cut in per
sonal taxes.
The relationship of investment to GNP for
1980 differs with respect to continuation of
past trends for its two major components—
nonresidential fixed expenditures and residen
tial structures. Nonresidential fixed investment
has shown considerable fluctuations in past
years between 10.7 and 11.2 percent of total
1 A detailed description of the techniques used in de
veloping the 1980 projections is contained in appendix
A.
2 All projections th ro u g h o u t th is re p o rt a re fo r 196580. T his is because the period 1965-68 h as been sub
sta n tia lly affected in m any cases by th e V iet N am w ar.
The d ata fo r the 1965-68 period are shown w herever
available fo r use by those who desire m ore recent
benchm arks. The grow th r a te between 1968 and 1980
is about th e same as fo r the 1965-80 period— 4.3 p er
cent.
8
All calculations in the 1980 projections were m ade
in 1958 constant dollars. If a tra n sla tio n is m ade to
1968 dollars, th e 1980 G N P would be som ething over
$1,400 billion.
Table 1. F acto rs determ ining gross national product, 1957, 1965, 1968, and projected 1980
Average annual grow th rate
1965-80
Projected 1980
Basic models
Item
1957
1965
1968
1957-65
Basic models
3-percent 4-percent
unem ploy unem ploy
m ent
m ent
3-percent
4-percent
unem ploym ent unem ploym ent
Total labor force (thousands) __
Unemployed __
___ ____
Employed: jobs c o n c ep t1 (thousands)
Total private ------------ __ __
__
Annual man-hours (per job)
private --------------- -----------Total man-hours (m illions)
private ___
______________ ____
GNP per man-hour p r iv a te 2
(1958 dollars) _________________
Total g n p (1958 dollars) __ _____
P rivate g n p (1958 dollars) _________
Total g n p (1968 dollars __ _ _
69,729
2,859
70,953
61,197
77,177
3,366
77,689
65,695
2,085
2,052
2,000
127.6
134.8
140.5
3.22
452.6
410.6
553.8
4.21
617.8
567.0
754.3
4.61
707.6
647.9
865.7
6.54
3 1,168.6
1,091.9
1,427.8
82,817
2,817
84,688
70,274
1.8
100,727
3,918
101,867
83,552
1.3
2.1
1.1
.9
1.8
— .9
1.9
1.7
1.8
1.6
1,977
1,977
— .2
— .2
— .2
166.9
165.2
.7
1.4
1.4
6.54
3 1,156.9
1,081.0
1,415.7
3.4
4.0
4.1
3.9
3.0
4.3
4.5
4.3
3.0
4.3
4.4
4.3
100,727
2,940
102,896
84,396
1 .0
1 The estim ates o f 1980 em ploym ent start w ith an estim ate of
labor force which is a count of people and is converted to a jobs
concept which is a count o f jobs. This is more fully discussed in
chapter II.
2 The g n p per man-hour is private since by national income con
ventions governm ent productivity is set at zero.
3 This is g n p as w as derived, in all other calculations it is round
ed to 1,165 and 1,155.
GNP. Most of these years have been years of
relatively high growth. The projections for
1980 reflects a constant relationship to private
GNP based on these past few years of high re
source utilization. The projections of the resi
dential structures component of gross national
product, on the other hand, represents a break
with the past trend. As can be seen clearly
from table 2, during the 1957 to 1967 period
residential structure fell from 4.5 per
cent of GNP to only 3.0 percent with a slight
recovery in 1968. The projections for 1980 do
not continue this downtrend but show some in
crease from the recent ratio and a return to a
proportion of GNP only slightly lower than
prevailed in 1965. This turn around in the resi
dential structures component of GNP reflects a
reservoir of demand for housing resulting
from the increase in household formations,
from the growth in the elderly population who
increasingly maintain their own residences,
and from a backlog of substandard housing.
The 1980 projected level of housing is consist
ent with meeting the levels called for in the
national housing goals.
The 7.3 percent of GNP for Federal Govern
ment purchases for goods and services 4 in the
1980 projections is a drop from the 1965 level
of 9.4 percent. The 1980 Federal purchases
component of GNP reflect to a considerable ex
tent a continuation of the downtrend of the
1957-65 period. Another way of looking at the
decline in Federal expenditures as a proportion
of GNP is to consider that expenditures by the
Federal Government currently used for Viet
Nam as well as any future fiscal dividends
which may accrue, will largely be distributed
in these models to Federal nondefense pur
chases and State and local governments
through grants-in-aid and to business and con
sumers either through transfer payments or
direct tax cuts. Although total Federal expend
itures is projected to decline as a portion of
GNP, Federal nondefense expenditures will be
an increasing proportion of the total.
State and local government purchases had
increased as a proportion of GNP from 8.3 in
1957 to 9.2 percent by 1965 and to 9.8 percent
in 1968. The 1980 projections reflect a continu
ation of high rates of growth for State and
local government purchases, but they do con
stitute some slow down from the very high
rates of the most recent period. This slow
down in the rate of increase results from an
expected deceleration in school enrollment: an
absolute decline at the primary school level
and a slow down in the rate of increase for sec
ondary schools and colleges. Though a slowing
down of State and local expenditures is pro
jected, they will still grow faster than GNP
and are projected in 1980 to make up 10.8 per
cent of the total gross national product.
4
E xpenditures by th e F ederal governm ent fo r
gran ts-in-aid to S tate and local governm ents and tr a n s
fe r paym ents to individuals such as social security are
not counted as F ederal expenditures on the expendi
tu re or dem and side of the national income and product
accounts.
3
proportions.
The proportions of gross product originating
in trade and services have been rather stable in
the past and the projections retain these pro
portions. Transportation, communication, and
public utilities, and finance, insurance, and real
estate have increased their proportion in the
historical period and are projected to continue
this relative growth.
P r o je c te d in d u s tr y o u tp u t . In making the
1980 projections, for each of the components of
gross national product discussed in the pre
vious section, a projection of the detailed in
dustry structure of demand is developed. These
detailed bills of goods are translated into out
put for each industry by use of a projected in
put-output table.
In order to examine the sector composition
of output a distribution of gross output origi
nating is used.5 An examination of table 3 re
veals that sector composition of gross product
originating is changing. The decline in the ag
ricultural and mining proportions, for instance,
is readily discernible.
The manufacturing sector has shown, for
the historical period, a slight upward trend.
However, the projections show that manufac
turing’s share will return to about the same
In d ivid u a l se c to rs . Table 4 shows those indus
tries which are projected to grow most rapidly
5
Gross o u tp u t o rig in atin g is a m easure of th e co n tri
bution of each sector in term s of paym ents to the fac
to rs of production. These paym ents, sometimes re fe rre d
to as value added, when summed fo r all sectors, equal
to ta l gross n ational product. I t differs from a sales or
production value of an in d u stry ’s o u tp u t in th a t it ex
cludes cost of m aterials, supplies, and services used in
the course of production.
Table 2. Gross national product by m ajor com ponent selected y ears and projected 1980
[1958 dollars]
Projected 1980
Basic models
Component
1957
1965
1967
1968
3-percent
unem ploym ent
4-percent
unem ploym ent
Gross N ational P r o d u c t -------- . -----------Personal consum ption e x p e n d itu r e s __
Gross private domestic in v e s tm e n t__
N onresidential
___ ____
_ _
Residential structures _ ___ _ _ N et inventory change _____ . __
N e t exports _____ __ _ ___ __
____
Government
__
__
_ ___
Federal
_ —
___
____
___
State a n d l o c a l
_ _
452.5
288.2
68.8
47.4
20.2
1.2
6.2
89.3
51.7
37.6
617.8
397.7
99.2
66.3
23.8
9.0
6.2
114.7
57.9
56.8
674.6
430.3
100.8
73.6
20.3
6.9
3.6
140.0
74.8
65.2
707.6
452.6
105.7
75.8
23.3
6.6
0.9
148.4
78.9
69.5
1,165.0
758.3
186.3
130.4
40.9
15.1
9.6
210.8
85.0
125.8
1,155.0
751.9
184.7
129.3
40.5
15.0
9.5
208.9
84.3
124.6
Gross N ational Product
100.0
100.0
64.4
16.1
10.7
3.9
1.5
100.0
63.8
14.9
10.9
3.0
100.0
100.0
1.0
.5
20.8
11.1
9.7
65.1
16.0
11.2
3.5
1.3
.8
18.1
7.3
10.8
65.1
16.0
11.2
3.5
1.3
.8
18.1
7.3
10.8
Percent distribution
_
_ _
___
Personal consum ption e x p e n d itu r e s__
Gross private domestic in v e s tm e n t__
N onresidential
__ _____ __ _.
R esidential structures
N et inventory change
N e t exports
___
__
___
_____
Government
___
_ _ _ _ ____
Federal
_______ __ _ ___
State and local
_____ __
___
63.7
15.2
10.5
4.5
.3
1.4
19.7
11.4
8.3
1.0
18.6
9.4
9.2
100.0
64.0
14.9
10.7
3.3
.9
.1
21.0
11.2
9.8
Gross N ational Product by Major Component Selected Periods
and Projected 1965-80
(A verage annual rate of change) 1
1965-80
Basic models
1957-65
Gross N ational Product _____ __
Personal consum ption expenditures _.
Gross private dom estic in v e s tm e n t__
N o n r e sid e n tia l____
__ __ _____
R esidential structures _ __ _____
Change in business inventories
N et exports o f goods and services ____ .
Government purchases o f goods and
services _ _
__ __ __ _____ _____
Federal _ _
__ _ _
State and local ___
__
__ _____
1 Compound interest rates between the term inal year.
H istorical data are from the Office of Business Economics,
Sou rce:
4
1965-68
3-percent
unem ploym ent
4-percent
unem plovm ent
4.0
4.1
4.7
4.3
2.1
4.6
4.4
2.1
4.6
— 0.7
4.3
4.4
4.3
4.6
3.7
3.5
3.0
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.6
3.6
3.5
2.9
3.2
1.4
5.3
9.0
10.9
7.0
4.1
2.6
5.4
4.1
2.5
5.4
U .S. D epartm ent of Commerce. The projections are by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Table 3.
Sector composition of gross o utput o rig in a tin g 1 selected years and projected 1980
[P ercent distribution based on 1958 dollars]
Projected 1980
Selected Years
Basic models
Sector
T otal
________________________________________________
Agriculture, forestry and fisheries __ — ---------- __ ------M ining ----------------------------------------------- . . -------- —
-------- ------------------ ------------------------------------C onstiuction
M anufacturing -------- ------------__ ------- --------------- -Transportation, communication and public utilities -----------W holesale and retail trade _ -- _ -- _______ ________
Finance, insurance, and real estate _ ---------— --------------- __ — ----- --- ------------------ - - -Services ------Government and governm ent enterprises - ___ - - — —
O th er2
__ ____ _ _
__ _____________ ___________ _ _
1950
1957
1963
1965
1967
1968
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
5.7
3.0
4.6
29.7
8.7
17.0
11.5
9.3
10.1
.4
4.8
3.0
4.7
29.7
9.1
16.6
12.6
9.2
10.4
— .1
4.4
2.5
4.0
29.5
9.4
16.8
13.5
9.5
9.8
.6
4.0
2.4
3.8
30.8
9.6
17.0
13.5
9.3
9.4
.2
3.7
2.4
3.4
30.5
9.9
16.9
13.5
9.4
9.7
.6
3.5
2.3
3.4
31.2
9.9
16.9
13.5
9.3
9.7
.2
3.2
2.0
3.5
30.3
11.2
17.4
14.8
9.6
7.9
.2
3.2
2.0
3.5
30.3
11.2
17.4
14.8
9.6
7.9
.2
3-percent
unem ploym ent
4-percent
unem ploym ent
1 Gross output originating is the contribution of value added by
each of the sectors to total gross national product.
2 Includes rest of the world and statistical residual.
Source: Historical data are from U .S. D epartm ent of Com
merce, Office of Business Economics. Projections are by the Bureau
of Labor Statistics.
from 1965 to 1980. The ten sectors shown have
projected growth rates ranging from about 6.0
percent a year (in real terms) for research and
development to over 10.0 percent a year for
office, computing, and accounting machines.
Most of these industries have had high growth
rates in the recent past so that the projections
are a continuation of high growth rates for
these sectors.
large increases in employment. This sector—
including personal, business, and private edu
cational and medical services, has the second
highest rate of growth in projected employ
ment of the major sectors and the largest rela
tive increases as a proportion to total employ
ment—up by over 3 percent from 1965 to over
18 percent of the total in 1980. Concomitantly,
the 7 million new jobs projected in the service
sector are the most for any of the sectors.
These projections reflect a continuing shift in
demand for services and lower than average
increases in productivity for the service indus
tries.
Agriculture—with moderately increasing
output but a very substantial productivity
change—has had absolute declines in employ
ment. Agriculture is projected to continue to
have large increases in productivity accompa
nied by small gains in output that will result
in further declines in employment.
Mining employment also has been declining
for many years. This is attributable largely to
P r o je c te d Changes in th e S tru c tu re of E m
p lo ym en t. One of the primary objectives of the
1980 projections is to determine the effect
of projected changes in the level and structure
of demand on the employment structure by in
dustry.
Total employment is projected to increase
from 74.6 million in 1965 to 98.6-99.6 million
by 1980, an annual rate of increase of 1.9 per
cent a year, which is considerably faster than
the 1.2 percent a year rate which prevailed
during the 1957-65 period.
The changes in the structure of employment
between 1965 and 1980 as shown in table 5
generally are expected to be similar in many
ways to those shifts experienced during the
1957-65 period. These changes—past or pro
jected—are the net result of two basic forces:
the rate of change in the output of the sector
and the rate of productivity change within the
sector. Increased output tends to require more
employees; productivity increases mean that
fewer employees are required for a given out
put. Thus, the service sector—which has expe
rienced a high rate of increase in output and a
relatively low productivity change—has had
Table 4. In d u stries projected to grow m ost rapidly
in o u tp u t,1 1965-80
Sector
number
51
63
57
66
28
68
52
32
73
56
10
29
74
Sector name
Office, com puting and accounting machines
Optical, ophthalm ic and photographic equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Communications; except radio and TV broadcasting
Plastics and synthetic materials
Electric, gas, w ater, and sanitary services
Service industry machines
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Business services
Radio, television and communication equipment
Chemical and fertilizer m ineral m ining
Drugs, cleaning, and toilet preparations
Research and development
1 Output grow th is change in real term s of gross duplicated out
put. This differs from gross output originating in th at it counts
in the output of each industry its cost of m aterials as well as
the products prim ary to its output which are made in other sectors
as secondary products.
5
above average gains in productivity and de
creased demand for mining products, particu
larly for coal. This sector is projected to con
tinue to decline in employment, although at a
reduced rate, because of some resurgence of
coal demand.
Contract construction is one of the major
sectors to show a substantially faster rate of
growth in employment from 1965 to 1980 than
from 1957 to 1965. Nearly 1.5 million new jobs
are projected to be available in this sector by
1980. The projected increase in employment re
sults from rising State and local government
Table 5.
needs, sharply increased housing requirements,
and expanding investment by business.
The manufacturing sector historically has
had, and is projected to continue to have, the
largest single share of total employment. It is,
however, a declining share—from 25 percent
in 1965 to just over 22 percent in 1980. This is
a consequence of the sector's slightly lowerthan-average rate of growth in output, particu
larly from 1965 to 1980, along with its some
what higher than average productivity gain.
Still, manufacturing is projected to provide be
tween 3.5 and 4.0 million new jobs between
Civilian em ploym ent1 by m ajor sector, selected years and projected 1980
[Thousands of jobs]
Projected 1980
Basic models
Sector
1957
1965
1968
1967
3-percent
unem ploym ent
Total
________________________________________________
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries M ining
___ __ __________ - __ __
_ _ — __
- _ _ C onstruction
__ _
— _ ----- _ -. ------------ --------------M anufacturing — _______ __ ___
___ _ _ _ _ _ .
Durable
__
- _____
________
_ _ - __
____
Nondurable
_ _____
- - - - - - Transportation, communications, and public utilities _____ __
Trade _
_ _ _ __
_ _ _ ____ _____ _____ _______
Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e __ __ _
Services
_
__
___
_
_ _ _
___
Government
_
_ _ _ _ ____
_ ______
_______
Households _
__
_
_
__ __________
4-percent
unem ploym ent
67,842
74,568
78,906
80,788
2 99,600
98,600
6,233
868
3,701
17,586
10,098
7,488
4,453
13,709
2,786
8,446
7,616
2,444
4,671
667
3,994
18,454
10,644
7,810
4,250
15,352
3,367
11,118
10,091
2,604
4,196
649
3,981
19,805
11,670
8,135
4,470
16,160
3,569
12,194
11,398
2,484
4,154
646
4,050
20,125
11,854
8,271
4,524
16,604
3,726
12,678
11,846
2,435
3,188
590
5,482
22,358
13,274
9,084
4,976
20,487
4,639
18,280
16,800
2,800
3,156
584
5,427
22,133
13,141
8,992
4,926
20,282
4,593
18,097
16,632
2,770
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.2
1.3
5.5
25.9
14.9
11.0
6.6
20.2
4.1
12.4
11.2
3.6
6.3
0.9
5.4
24.7
14.3
10.5
5.7
20.6
4.5
14.9
13.5
3.5
5.3
0.8
5.0
25.1
14.8
10.3
5.7
20.5
4.5
15.5
14.4
3.2
5.1
0.8
5.0
24.9
14.7
10.2
5.6
20.6
4.6
15.7
14.7
3.0
3.2
0.6
5.5
22.4
13.3
9.1
5.0
20.6
4.7
18.4
16.9
2.8
3.2
0.6
5.5
22.4
13.3
9.1
5.0
20.6
4.7
18.4
16.9
2.8
Percent distribution
Total
________________________________________________
A griculture, forestry, and fisheries . _ - - - - - - __ _
M ining - __ __
__ _ _____ __
__ _ _ _ _ _
Construction
_
- ____ _
__
_ ___ _ _ _ _ _
M anufacturing
_ __ _ - _
_ - . _ _ __ .
Durable _
______ ________ ____ _______ __ _ _____
Nondurable . _
- __ _ _ _ _ _____ _ - __________
Transportation, communications, and public u tilities __
Trade
___
__
Finance, insurance, and real estate
_
_ __ _ - _
Services
__ _ __
_ ____ _ _ _
______
Government
_ _ _ _ _ _
__
___
_
_ _
Households
_ _ _____
__
_
_ _ _ _
A verage annual rates of change 3
Projected 1965-80
Basic models
1957-65
Total
__
_ _ _ _ _____ _ _ _
_ _
_ __
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
_
_
_ _
M ining _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Construction _
_
___
__ __
_ _
_
__ _
M anufacturing
Durable
Nondurable
__
__ ____
_ ____
Transportation, communications, and public utilities
Trade
__
__
_ _
_
__
_
Finance, insurance, and real estate _ _ _ __ __
_ _____
Services
_ _ _
_
_
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Government
__
_
_
_ ___
_ __ _
Household
_
__
_
_
1 Includes w age and salary workers, self employed and unpaid
fam ily workers.
2 See chapter II for conversion from 102.5 m illion 1980 employ-
6
1.2
-3.6
-3.2
1.0
.6
.7
.5
- .6
1.4
2.4
3. 5
3.6
.8
1965-68
2.7
3.8
1.1
.5
2.9
3.7
1.9
2.1
2.6
3.4
4. 5
5.5
2.2
3-percent
unem ploym ent
4-percent
unem ploym ent
1.9
-2.5
-0.8
2.1
1.3
1.5
1.0
1.1
1.9
2.2
3. 4
3.5
.5
1.9
-2.5
-0.9
2.1
1.2
1.4
.9
1.0
1.9
2.1
3. 3
3.4
.4
m ent shown earlier to the 99.6 million shown in this table,
3 Compound interest rates between the term inal years.
1965 and 1980.
Total transportation employment has de
clined gradually throughout much of the post
war period, primarily because of a reduction
in railroad employment. Recent increases in
trucking and air transportation, however, have
reversed this trend and total employment is
projected to increase slowly through 1980.
However, transportation’s relative share of
total employment is expected to decline fur
ther.
Communications and public utilities are
characterized by higher than average produc
tivity. The result is that, although services
provided by these industries may increase
sharply, employment will increase only moder
ately and decline as a proportion of total em
ployment. On the other hand, employment in
finance, insurance, and real estate is projected
to increase at a faster rate than the overall av
erage and to be a slightly larger share of total
employment in 1980 than in the most recent
period.
Because the trade function is interwoven so
thoroughly with the economy, particularly the
goods portion, changes in employment in this
sector usually parallel those of the economy.
Trade employment in the 1980 projections
maintained exactly the same relative share of
total employment as it held in 1965— 20.6 per
cent. Given the very substantial size of the sec
tor, trade is expected to contribute about 5 mil
lion new jobs between 1965 and 1980— ranking
third among the major sectors as a source of
new employment.
As a projected source of new jobs, State and
local government ranks second with over 6 mil
lion jobs. In contrast, Federal Government ci
vilian employment is projected to increase only
moderately by 1980. However, since State and
local government employment is much larger
than Federal Government, the share of total
employment attributable to government is ex
pected to increase from 13.5 percent in 1965 to
16.9 by 1980.
Many of the Federal Government programs
which may be expanded substantially by 1980
involve expenditures which are considered, in
the national income and product accounts, as
either transfers of funds to individuals and
nonprofit organizations or grants to State and
local governments. Examples of such programs
are aid to education, manpower training and
retraining, and antipoverty programs, medi
care, and area development. From the view
point of demand for final goods and services,
expenditures resulting from these programs
appear as purchases of goods and services by
consumers and State and local governments
rather than as purchases by the Federal Gov
ernment.
Employment by the household sector, which
has virtually stabilized in the past decade, is
projected to increase very slowly to 1980. If
the projections are realized, household employ
ment in 1980 will equal that of agriculture at
about 2.8 million.
Industries with the highest rates of growth
in employment are shown in table 6. Most of
the sectors which have rapid growth in pro
jected employment also will be among the most
rapidly growing sectors in terms of output; in
fact, of all industries on the list of highest out
put growth only three— communication; elec
tric, gas, water, and sanitary services; and,
chemical and fertilizer mineral mining— do not
appear among the rapidly growing employ
ment sectors. (See table 4.) The reason these
sectors are not among the rapidly growing in
terms of employment is that each has a high
projected rate of growth in productivity.
A ltern a tiv e m odels. In making and present
ing the 1980 projections, the emphasis has
been on the basic models. Because a number of
crucial variables enter into the projections, an
other set of models also was developed in order
to analyze what effect, if any, a significant
change in some of these variables would have
Table 6. Industries projected to grow most rapidly
in employment, 1965-80
S e c to r n u m b e r
51
7 3 , 74
57
23
32
46
52
67
50
29
28
62
70
55
76
56
63
1 1 , 12
S e c to r n a m e
O ffic e , c o m p u t i n g a n d a c c o u n t i n g m a c h i n e s
B u s in e s s se r v ic e s
S t a t e a n d lo c a l g o v e r n m e n t
E le c t r o n ic c o m p o n e n t s a n d a c c e s s o r ie s
O th e r fu r n it u r e a n d fix tu r e s
R u b b e r a n d m is c e lla n e o u s p la s t ic s p r o d u c ts
M a t e r ia ls h a n d lin g m a c h in e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t
S e r v ic e in d u s tr y m a c h in e s
R a d io a n d T V b r o a d c a s t in g
M a c h in e sh o p p r o d u c ts
D r u g s , c le a n in g , a n d to ile t p r e p a r a tio n s
P la s t ic s a n d s y n th e t ic m a t e r ia ls
S c ie n tific a n d c o n t r o llin g in s tr u m e n ts
F in a n c e a n d in s u r a n c e
E le c tr ic lig h tin g a n d w ir in g e q u ip m e n t
A m u sem e n ts
R a d io , te le v is io n , a n d c o m m u n ic a t io n e q u ip m e n t
O p t ic a l, o p h th a lm ic a n d p h o to g r a p h ic e q u ip m e n t
C o n s tr u c tio n
7
Table 7.
Projected 1980 labor force, hours and gross national product
A v e r a g e an n u al ra te o f ch a n g e 1
P r o je c te d 19 80
Ite m
3 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
B a s ic
T o t a l la b o r fo r c e
(th o u sa n d s)
__ __
U n e m p lo y e d
_ _____
_____ _________
E m p lo y m e n t
(jo b s c o n c e p t)
_ ___ ___ __
G o v e r n m e n t 2 _ ________ _____________________
F e d e r a l ______ _______ ___
___ _________
S t a t e a n d lo c a l ______________
___
P r iv a te
- __
_______________________ _______
H o u r s p a id f o r
(a n n u a l a v e ra g e )
P r i v a t e - _____
- _________
________
T o t a l m a n -h o u r (m illio n s )
P r iv a te 3 _ _ _ _
___________
________
_
G N P p e r m a n -h o u r (1 9 5 8 d o lla r s )
P r i v a t e - __________
_ ______
__________ _ _
T o t a l G N P ( b i l l i o n s o f 1 9 5 8 d o l l a r s _____
G overnm en t
__ _
_ _ _
___________
F e d e r a l _____ _________________
_______
S t a t e a n d l o c a l ___________ ____________
P r iv a te
_____
_ _ _ _
_ _ _ _
1 0 0 ,7 2 7
2 ,9 4 0
1 0 2 ,8 9 6
1 8 ,5 0 0
4 ,9 0 0
1 3 ,6 0 0
8 4 ,3 9 6
H ig h
d u r a b le s
1 0 0 ,7 2 7
2 ,9 4 0
1 0 2 ,8 9 6
1 8 ,1 0 0
5 ,1 0 0
1 3 ,0 0 0
8 4 ,7 9 6
1 9 6 5 -8 0
4 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
B a s ic
1 0 0 ,7 2 7
3 ,9 1 8
1 0 1 ,8 6 7
1 8 ,3 1 5
4 ,8 5 1
1 3 ,4 6 4
8 3 ,5 5 2
H ig h
d u r a b le s
1 0 0 ,7 2 7
3 ,9 1 8
1 0 1 ,8 6 7
1 7 ,9 1 8
5 ,0 4 9
1 2 ,8 6 9
8 3 ,9 6 2
3 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
B a s ic
H ig h
d u r a b le s
4 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
B a s ic
H ig h
d u r a b le s
1 .8
-.9
1 .9
2 .9
0 .5
4 .1
1 .7
1 .8
-.9
1 .6
2 .8
0 .7
3 .8
1 .7
1 .8
1 .0
1 .8
2 .8
0 .4
4 .0
1 .6
1 .8
1 .0
1 .8
2 .7
0 .7
3 .7
1 .6
1 ,9 7 7
1 ,9 7 7
1 ,9 7 7
1 ,9 7 7
-.2
-.2
-.2
-.2
1 6 6 ,8 5 8
1 6 7 ,6 4 2
1 6 5 ,1 8 9
1 6 5 ,9 9 6
1 .4
1 .5
1 .4
1 .4
6 .5 4
4 1 ,1 6 8 .6
7 6 .7
2 3 .6
5 3 .1
1 ,0 9 1 .9
6 .5 4
4 1 ,1 7 2 .1
7 5 .0
2 4 .4
5 0 .6
1 ,0 9 7 .1
6 .5 4
4 1 ,1 5 6 .9
7 5 .9
2 3 .4
5 2 .6
1 ,0 8 1 ,0
6 .5 4
4 1 ,1 6 0 .3
7 4 .2
2 4 .2
5 0 .0
1 ,0 8 6 .1
3 .0
4 .3
2 .8
0 .5
4 .1
4 .5
3 .0
4 .4
2 .6
0 .8
3 .8
4 .5
3 .0
4 .3
2 .7
0 .5
4 .0
4 .4
3 .0
4 .3
2 .6
0 .7
3 .7
4 .4
1 C o m p o u n d in te r e s t r a te b e tw e e n t e r m in a l y e a rs .
2 T h e g o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y m e n t to be c o n s is te n t w H h th e g o v e r n
m e n t p r o d u c t is f r o m n a t i o n a l i n c o m e a c c o u n t s . G o v e r n m e n t e m
p l o y m e n t s h o w n e l s e w h e r e in t h i s r e p o r t is f r o m
th e B u re a u o f
L a b o r S ta t is t ic s e s ta b lis h m e n t r e p o r ts .
3 M a n -h o u r s a r e e s t im a t e d f o r th e p r iv a t e s e c t o r o n ly s in c e th e
a s s u m p t i o n is m a d e o f n o c h a n g e in h o u r s o f t h e g o v e r n m e n t s e c
to r.
4 T h e 1 9 8 0 G N P is a s c a lc u l a t e d u s i n g t h e f a c t o r s s h o w n a b o v e .
A l l c a l c u l a t i o n s u s i n g t h e t o t a l G N P e l s e w h e r e in t h e r e p o r t u s e
1 ,1 6 5 .0 a n d 1 ,1 7 0 .0 f o r t h e s e t w o m o d e l s .
on the structure of industry employment in
1980.
The second set of alternative models for
1980 explored the effects of a different compo
sition of GNP on the industry structure of out
put and employment. This second set of models
also has a 3-percent unemployment and a drpercent unemployment model. The factors de
termining the 1980 GNP are similar to those in
the basic models except that the employment
distribution in this model has lower govern
ment employment. The resulting higher pri
vate employment with its higher productivity
results in a 1980 GNP about 5 billion higher
than the respective basic models. Table 7
shows the factors which determine GNP in the
high durable models and compares them with
the same factors in the basic model with sim
ilar unemployment rates.
The composition of GNP in the second set of
models is more heavily weighed toward dura
ble goods than in the basic models. This change
in the distribution was selected to provide a
reasonable alternative since all aspects of du
rable goods are subject to a high degree of var
iability and are consequently more difficult to
project. Therefore, it is important to analyze
their effect on the structure of employment.
The elements that are increased as a propor
tion of GNP in the alternative models are con
sumer durables, business investment (particu
larly producer durable goods) and defense ex
penditures (with emphasis on military hard
goods). Table 8 highlights the change in the
distribution of GNP in the 1980 high durable
models compared with the 1980 basic models.
The change in assumptions has resulted in a
quite different distribution of gross national
product. The Federal Government proportion
is higher because of the assumption about in
creased defense expenditures. State and local
government is lower by approximately the
same proportion. The demand of the private
sector is characterized by a larger proportion
devoted to fixed investment. In personal con
sumption expenditures, although a smaller
part of GNP in the high durable models, a
larger portion has been devoted to durable
goods expenditures.
With the distribution of demand changed in
the high durable models, it should follow that
the distribution of employment will be affected.
Table 9 shows a comparison of projected em
ployment for 1980 in the basic models and the
high durable models.
The distribution of employment in the 1980
high durable models is noticeably different
from the basic models. Construction, and dura
ble goods manufacturing have a larger share
of total employment than in the basic model.
Although manufacturing has a larger share
in the high durable models than in the basic
8
models, it is still a declining share. Services and
government on the other hand, both have a
lower share of employment than in the basic
models but these sectors still have an increasing
share of employment relative to the current
distribution.
The alternative models, therefore, have
shown that changing the distribution of GNP
in the high durable models do not affect appre
ciably the overall level of employment but do
have considerable effect on the distribution of
total employment. Further, they clearly show
that changes in the distribution of demand of
the magnitude introduced in the alternative
models are sufficient to change the rate at
which employment shifts away from goodsproducing sectors to services and government
but do not alter the direction of that shift.
Im plications . Important implications result
from the projections because of the projected
shift toward services and government employ
ment. These sectors have generally experienced
lower increases in output per man-hour than the
goods-producing sectors. Since it can be ex
pected that pressure for larger wages will also
be experienced in these sectors, the implica
tions for prices are important. If wage in
creases exceed gains in output per man-hour,
pressure on costs will increase because of the
rise in unit labor costs, which ultimately must
effect prices. Therefore, unless price declines
are prevalent among goods-producing indus
tries, the effort to hold down inflation will be
increasingly difficult.
In addition to the implications the shift to
ward services has important implications for
the efforts to control inflation, it has a further
effect in that the economy will be less prone to
severe swings in employment. Services and gov
ernment employment is usually less volatile
than employment in the goods-producing sec
tors. As employment shifts toward services
and State and local government, the Nation
should experience much smaller and less severe
swings in employment, when business down
turns are experienced.
Another implication raised by these projec
tions is the continuing decline in farm employ
ment opportunities. As employment shifts
away from the farm more problems will occur
in urban areas that have under-funded public
services, inadequate housing, and out moded
transportation systems.
The 1980 projections show services and gov
ernment employment increases of about 7 mil
lion each. A large number of these workers will
be in areas such as the medical sector, which in
cludes occupational groups already in critically
short supply. Increased employment require
ments in the medical or education fields as well
as other sectors which require high skills or a
significant amount of training have implica
tions for educational planning.
Expan
sion must be planned for professional schools
Table 8.
Projected 1980 gross national product by major component.
[B illio n s o f
1 9 5 8 d o lla r s ]
P ercen t
P r o je c te d
S e c to r
G ross N a tio n a l P ro d u c t _ _ —
P e r s o n a l c o n s u m p tio n
e x p e n d i t u r e s -------------------- ---------- -------------D u r a b le g o o d s
___ _________
G r o s s p r iv a t e d o m e s tic in v e s t m e n t
F ix e d in v e s tm e n t
—
___ ___
N o n r e sid e n tia l
__________
R e s id e n tia l
_ _ _____________
N e t e x p o r t s -------- ---__ ------------_ __
G overnm en t
______________ _ _ _ _
F e d e r a l __ .
_
__
________
S t a t e a n d l o c a l . ____________________
3 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
D is tr ib u tio n
A v e r a g e a n n u a l ra te
o f c h a n g e 1 9 6 5 -8 0 1
P r o je c te d 19 80
4 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
3 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
4 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
3 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
4 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
B a s ic
m odel
H ig h
d u r a b le s
B a s ic
m odel
H ig h
d u r a b le s
1 ,1 6 5 .0
1 ,1 7 0 .0
1 ,1 5 5 .0
1 ,1 6 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
4 .3
4 .4
4 .3
4 .3
7 5 8 .3
1 3 3 .2
1 8 6 .3
1 7 1 .2
1 3 0 .4
4 0 .9
9 .6
2 1 0 .8
8 5 .0
1 2 5 .8
7 4 8 .0
1 4 2 .1
200 2
1 8 4 .1
1 3 7 .3
4 6 .8
9 .6
2 1 2 .2
9 9 .8
1 1 2 .4
7 5 1 .9
1 3 2 .1
1 8 4 .7
1 6 9 .7
1 2 9 .3
4 0 .5
9 .5
2 0 8 .9
8 4 .3
1 2 4 .6
7 4 1 .6
1 4 0 .9
1 9 8 .5
1 8 2 .5
1 3 6 .1
4 6 .4
9 .5
2 1 0 .4
9 9 .0
1 1 1 .4
6 5 .1
1 1 .4
1 6 .0
1 4 .7
1 1 .2
3 .3
.8
1 8 .1
7 .3
1 0 .8
6 3 .9
1 2 .1
1 7 .1
1 5 .7
1 1 .7
4 .0
.8
1 8 .1
8 .5
9 .6
6 5 .1
1 1 .4
1 6 .0
1 4 .7
1 1 .2
3 .3
.8
1 8 .1
7 .3
1 0 .8
6 3 .9
1 2 .1
1 7 .1
1 5 .7
1 1 .7
4 .0
.8
1 8 .1
8 .5
9 .6
4 .4
4 .7
4 .3
4 .4
4 .6
3 .7
3 .0
4 .1
2 .6
5 .4
4 .3
5 .2
4 .8
4 .9
5 .0
4 .6
3 .0
4 .2
3 .7
4 .7
4 .3
4 .7
4 .2
4 .3
4 .6
3 .6
2 .9
4 .1
2 .5
5 .4
4 .2
5 .1
4 .7
4 .8
4 .9
4 .6
2 .9
4 .1
3 .6
4 .6
1 C o m p o u n d in te r e s t b a se d b e tw e e n te r m in a l y e a r s .
Source: H i s t o r i c a l d a t a a r e f r o m t h e O ffic e o f
1980
B u s in e s s
E con-
B a s ic
B a s ic
H ig h
m o d e l d u r a b le s m o d e l
o m ic s , U .S . D e p a r tm e n t
rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s .
of
H ig h
d u r a b le s
B a s ic
H ig h
m o d e l d u r a b le s
C om m erce.
P r o je c t io n s
B a s ic
H ig h
m o d e l d u r a b le s
are
by
th e
Bu-
9
Table 9.
Projected 1980 civilian employment1 by major sector
A v e r a g e a n n u a l ra te
o f g ro w th 3
P e r c e n t d is tr ib u tio n
P r o je c t e d 19 8 0
S e c to r
T o ta l
_______________________
A g r ic u ltu r e , fo r e s tr y , a n d
fis h e r ie s
__ .
__ _
M in in g
----- ------------------- _
C o n s tr u c tio n
__
_
_ _
M a n u fa c tu r in g
__
___________
D u r a b le _ _
_____
N o n d u r a b le
_ __ _
T r a n s p o r ta tio n , co m
m u n ic a t io n s a n d p u b lic
u tilit ie s
_
_
__________
W h o le s a le a n d r e ta il
tra d e
_
_ _ _ ___
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e a n d
real esta te
. _
_
S e r v ic e s
__ _
_ ________________
G overnm en t
_____
H o u s e h o ld s _
______________ -
3 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
1 9 6 5 -8 0
P r o je c te d 1 9 80
4 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
H ig h
d u r a b le s
3 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
B a s ic
H ig h
d u r a b le s
B a s ic
9 9 ,6 0 0
2 9 9 ,4 0 0
9 8 ,6 0 0
2 9 8 ,4 0 0
1 0 0 .0
3 ,1 8 8
590
5 ,4 8 2
2 2 ,3 5 8
1 3 ,2 7 4
9 ,0 8 4
3 ,1 9 2
588
5 ,5 9 5
2 3 ,2 4 0
1 4 ,3 2 2
8 ,9 1 8
3 ,1 5 6
584
5 ,4 2 7
2 2 ,1 3 3
1 3 ,1 4 1
8 ,9 9 2
3 ,1 6 0
582
5 ,5 3 9
2 3 ,0 0 5
1 4 ,1 7 6
8 ,8 2 9
3 .2
.6
5 .5
2 2 .4
1 3 .3
9 .1
B a s ic
H ig h
d u r a b le s
4 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
3 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
H ig h
d u r a b le s
4 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
H ig h
d u r a b le s
B a s ic
H ig h
d u r a b le s
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 .9
1 .9
1 .9
1 .9
3 .2
.6
5 .6
2 3 .4
1 4 .4
9 .0
3 .2
.6
5 .5
2 2 .4
1 3 .3
9 .1
3 .2
.6
5 .6
2 3 .4
1 4 .4
9 .0
-2 .5
.8
2 .1
1 .3
1 .5
-2 .5
-.8
2 .3
1 .5
2 .0
.9
-2 .5
-.9
2 .1
1 .2
1 .4
.9
-2 .5
-.9
2 .2
1 .5
1 .9
.8
B a s ic
1.0
B a s ic
4 ,9 7 6
4 ,9 6 1
4 ,9 2 6
4 ,9 1 1
5 .0
5 .0
5 .0
5 .0
1 .1
1.0
1.0
1.0
2 0 ,4 8 7
2 0 ,5 0 1
2 0 ,2 8 2
2 0 ,2 9 6
2 0 .6
2 0 .6
2 0 .6
2 0 .6
1 .9
1 .9
1 .9
1 .9
4 ,6 3 9
1 8 ,2 8 0
1 6 ,8 0 0
2 ,8 0 0
4 ,5 3 8
1 7 ,7 8 5
1 6 ,2 0 0
2 ,8 0 0
4 ,5 9 3
1 8 ,0 9 7
1 6 ,6 3 2
2 ,7 7 0
4 ,5 9 3
1 7 ,6 0 6
1 6 ,0 3 8
2 ,7 7 0
4 .7
1 8 .4
1 6 .9
2 .8
4 .6
1 7 .9
1 6 .3
2 .8
4 .7
1 8 .4
1 6 .9
2 .8
4 .6
1 7 .9
1 6 .3
2 .8
2 .2
3 .4
3 .5
.5
2 .0
3 .2
3 .2
.5
2 .1
3 .3
3 .4
.4
1 .9
3 .1
3 .1
0 .4
1 C i v i l i a n e m p l o y m e n t i n c lu d e s w a g e a n d s a l a r y e m p l o y m e n t , s e l f
em p lo y e d a n d u n p a id f a m i ly w o r k e r s .
2 T h e 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 l o w e r c i v i l i a n e m p l o y m e n t in t h e h i g h d u r a b le s a l -
t e r n a t i v e , r e s u l t s f r o m t h e A r m e d F o r c e s ’ le v e ls o f 2 .9
h i g h e r t h a n t h e 2 .7 m i l l i o n in t h e b a s i c m o d e l .
3 C o m p o u n d in te r e s t r a te s b e tw e e n t e r m in a l y e a r s .
as well as for technical schools that train medi
cal and dental technicians, in addition to tech
nical aids in such areas as computer software
technology or architectural engineering tech
nology.
Large employment increases are also pro
jected for personal services and wholesale and
retail trade. These sectors employ hotel and
motel workers and other service-oriented
workers in addition to the workers needed to
staff the expanding retail trade sector. Both of
these areas have had difficulty in attracting
personnel, because of the nature of the work
and because of the pay scales. Both sectors will
need to adjust wages or change the manner of
doing business, or they will experience increas
ing difficulties in completing for talented and
trained employees.
Construction, a sector currently experienc
ing shortages of skilled workers, will require,
according to the 1980 projections, over 1.4 mil
lion additional employees. In order to meet this
need, unquestionably more training will be
needed, as well as increased apprenticeship op
portunities and the elimination of unreasona
ble restrictions of entry in the skilled trades.
Providing trained construction workers has
been a question of increasing concern. It is one
which must be answered if the Nation is to
meet the critical needs in housing and public
facilities.
Since the largest employment increases are
projected for those areas in which serious
shortages of highly trained and skilled person
nel, already exist, the projections imply a need
for a serious look at training and educational
facilities to insure that they can meet the re
quirements of the 1970’s.
10
m illio n
b e in g
Chapter II.
Projection of Potential Gross National Product
The first step in making projections to 1980 is
to determine limits. A quantitative framework
is set for the projections by estimating the
total quantity of goods and services that all
employed persons might be expected to pro
duce. Thus, the initial phase in the 1980 projec
tions is developed by projecting the total labor
force, specifying a ratio of unemployment, and
projecting the size of the Armed Forces, in or
der to estimate civilian employment. Employ
ment is translated into man-hours by projecting
average hours. Potential GNP is derived by
using a projected increase in man-hours and
changes projected in labor productivity or
gross national product per man-hour.
This chapter describes in detail each of the
elements underlying the projection of potential
gross national product for 1980. Each of these
factors will be discussed in turn with the data
shown in table 10. In the development of the
1980 projections, four alternative projections
were made. These four models are grouped into
two sets— a basic model and high durable
model. For each set a 3-percent and a 4-percent
unemployment model is shown. The discussion
throughout chapters II-IV will be limited to
the basic models. In chapter V, the high dura
ble models are discussed and comparisons made
with the basic models. No direct comparisons
are made between the 3- and 4-percent unem
ployment model in each of the sets since the
projections were not developed to show the dif
ferent types of policies necessary to achieve a
3-percent unemployment rate or a 4-percent
unemployment rate. These alternatives are
shown to give variations in level of unemploy
ment for users who may prefer one level over
the other.
Labor Force
The labor force of the United States is pro
jected to grow at an average rate of 1.8 percent
a year from 1965 to 1980, when it is expected
to include 100.7 million persons.6 This is a sig
nificantly faster than the 1.3 percent growth
rate anticipated for the total U.S. population
during the same period.7 The projected rate of
growth in the labor force from 1965 to 1980 is
also substantially greater than the 1.3 percent
annual rate from 1957 to 1965. The faster rate
is due primarily to the changing age distribu
tion of the population. A continually increas
ing proportion will be found in the working
age groups.
Changes in labor force participation rates
are a minor factor in the projected growth rate
of the labor force. The labor force projections,
which were developed separately by sex and
age group, show substantial change in the par
ticipation rate of some individual subgroups.
For all males, however, a slight decrease in the
participation rate is expected; and for all fe
males a somewhat larger increase is projected.
For the total population, the net effect is a
very slight increase in the overall participation
rate.
In the development of the 1980 projections, a
3-and a 4-percent unemployment rate was as
sumed, compared with a 4.5 percent unemploy
ment rate in 1965. The total level of unemploy
ment in 1980 is, however, only slightly lower
than the 1965 level in the 3-percent model and
moderately higher in the 4-percent model, be
cause of growth in the size of the labor force.
The projections assume that the armed forces
will return to their pre-Viet Nam level of 2.7
million.
A similar level of labor force was used for
both the 3-percent unemployment model and
the 4-percent unemployment model, although
evidence suggests that the supply of labor is
responsive to changes in demand. For the pe
riod 1948-65, on the average a one percentage
point change in the unemployment rate was ac
companied by a one half percentage point
change in the labor force in the opposite direc
tion. There is, however, still considerable un
certainty as to how the supply of labor is af
fected by the timing and process by which the
unemployment rate is reduced. Most of the re-
6“The U.S. Labor Force Projections to 1985”,
May 1970.
M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w ,
7U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Cen
sus, Current Population Reports, Series P-25, No. 381.
11
search on the relation between participation
rates and the rate of unemployment has been
based on relatively short-term changes in both.
It is not clear how applicable the relationships
based on this research are to long-term, grad
ual changes in unemployment rates. A further
question is raised about the applicability of
functional relationships between labor force
and unemployment rates, if the reduction in
unemployment is achieved as a result of train
ing and retraining programs focused upon spe
cific groups of unemployed workers. Because of
these factors and uncertainties, the 1980
projections were developed using the same
labor force in both unemployment models.
The 1980 projections were developed with
1965 as the base period, because a number of
elements have been substantially different in
the 1965-68 period than in prior years. These
differences reflect to a considerable extent the
economic effects of the Viet Nam war. Among
the variables whose trend has been substan
tially different during the most recent period
are: Average hours paid, defense spending as a
proportion of total GNP, and the growth rate
in total employment on a jobs concept com
pared with the growth rate of total employ
ment on a persons basis. The decline of 0.8 in
hours paid during the 1965-68 period has been
much sharper than the longer run decline of
0.2 percent a year. Also, the growth rate in
jobs, 3.0 percent a year, has been faster than
the growth rate in employed persons, 2.5 per
cent a per year. Consequently, the adjustment
ratio between the labor force employment and
employment on a jobs concept is much larger
Table 10. Labor force, employment, annual hours, productivity and gross national products, actual, 1957, 1965-68
and projected 1980
1957
1965
1966
1967
1968
Item
A verage annual
ra tes o f c h a n g e 1
P r o je c te d
1980
B a s ic m o d el
1 9 6 5 - 80
1 9 5 7 -6 5
( E m p l o y m e n t in t h o u s a n d s )
T o t a l la b o r fo r c e
(in c lu d in g
m ilita r y )
U n e m p lo y e d
_
_ _
E m p lo y e d
(P e rso n s
co n c ep t)
______
_______ .
A d ju s tm e n t
_
-------E m p lo y m e n t (jo b s
c o n cep t)
_____
__________
G o v ern m en t2 _
_ - _
F ederal
_ ____ M ilita r y
_ _
_
C iv ilia n ~
- _ _. S t a t e a n d lo c a l - .
P r iv a te
__
_ _ ..
A g r ic u ltu r e
_
. __ .
N o n a g r ic u ltu r e
A v e r a g e a n n u a l m a n -h o u r s
p a id f o r :
___ ___ _ _______ _
P r iv a te
A g r ic u ltu r e
N o n a g r ic u ltu r e
_____
T o t a l m a n -h o u r s
(m illio n s ) :
P r iv a te 3
_ _
A g r ic u ltu r e
_
___
N o n a g r ic u ltu r e
G N P p e r m a n -h o u r
(1 9 5 8 d o lla r s )
P r iv a te
_ _
.
A g r ic u ltu r e
____
___
N o n a g r ic u ltu r e
_____
T o ta l G N P
(19 58
d o lla r s ) .G overnm en t _ _
__________
F ederal
_____
_
_______
M ilita r y
__
. __
C iv ilia n
_ .
S ta t e a n d lo c a l
_ __ _.
P r iv a te
A g r ic u ltu r e
. _ .
N o n a g r ic u ltu r e
_____
4 per
cent
1 9 6 5 -6 8
3 p er
cen t
4 per
cent
6 9 ,7 2 9
2 ,8 5 9
7 7 ,1 7 7
3 ,3 6 6
7 8 ,8 9 3
2 ,8 7 5
8 0 ,7 9 3
2 ,9 7 5
8 2 ,2 7 2
2 ,8 1 7
1 0 0 ,7 2 7
2 ,9 4 0
1 0 0 ,7 2 7
3 ,9 1 8
1 .3
2 .1
2 .2
-5 .7
1 .8
— .9
1 .8
1 .0
6 6 ,8 7 0
4 ,0 8 3
7 3 ,8 1 1
3 ,8 7 8
7 6 ,0 1 8
4 ,8 8 3
7 7 ,8 1 8
4 ,9 3 4
7 9 ,4 5 5
5 ,2 3 3
9 7 ,7 8 7
5 ,1 0 9
9 6 ,7 8 8
5 ,0 7 9
1 .2
-.7
2 .5
1 0 .5
1 .9
1 .9
1 .8
1 .8
3 .0
7 .1
8 .8
4 .4
5 .8
2 .3
-4 .2
2 .7
1 .9
2 .9
.5
-.1
1 .2
4 .1
1 .7
— 2 .9
1 .9
1 .8
2 .8
.4
-.4
1 .1
4 .0
1 .6
-2 .9
1 .9
- .8
- .7
- .8
— .2
— .3
— .2
- .2
-.3
- .2
7 7 ,6 8 9
8 0 ,9 0 1
8 2 ,7 5 2
8 4 ,6 8 8
1 0 2 ,8 9 6
1 0 1 ,8 6 7
9 ,7 5 6
1 1 ,9 9 4
1 3 ,1 5 8
1 3 ,9 3 1
1 4 ,4 1 4
1 8 ,5 0 0
1 8 ,3 1 5
4 ,5 3 1
2 ,7 8 6
1 ,7 4 5
5 ,2 2 5
6 1 ,1 9 7
5 ,9 1 4
5 5 ,2 8 3
4 ,5 6 9
2 ,7 3 2
1 ,8 3 7
7 ,4 2 5
6 5 ,6 9 5
4 ,3 3 8
6 1 ,3 5 7
5 ,1 1 8
3 ,1 5 6
1 ,9 6 2
8 ,0 4 0
6 7 ,7 4 3
3 ,9 6 3
6 3 ,7 8 0
5 ,5 0 7
3 ,4 2 1
2 ,0 8 6
8 ,4 2 4
6 8 ,8 2 1
3 ,8 6 0
6 4 ,9 6 1
5 ,6 0 9
3 ,5 1 7
2 ,0 9 2
8 ,8 0 5
7 0 ,2 7 4
3 ,8 1 1
6 6 ,4 6 3
4 ,9 0 0
2 ,7 0 0
2 ,2 0 0
1 3 ,6 0 0
8 4 ,3 9 6
2 ,8 0 0
8 1 ,5 9 6
4 ,8 5 1
2 ,6 7 3
2 ,1 7 8
1 3 ,4 6 4
8 3 ,5 5 2
2 .7 7 2
8 0 ,7 8 0
1 .1
2 .6
.1
-.2
.6
4 .5
.9
-9 .8
1 .3
2 ,0 8 6
2 ,3 7 1
2 ,0 5 4
2 ,0 5 1
2 ,3 7 6
2 ,0 2 8
2 ,0 3 7
2 ,3 6 1
2 ,0 1 7
2 ,0 1 1
2 ,3 4 0
1 ,9 9 1
2 ,0 0 0
2 ,3 3 0
1 ,9 8 1
1 ,9 7 7
2 ,2 7 1
1 ,9 6 7
1 ,9 7 7
2 ,2 7 1
1 ,9 6 7
— ’.2
1 2 7 ,6 4 0
1 4 ,0 2 3
1 1 3 ,6 1 7
1 3 4 ,7 8 1
1 0 ,3 0 7
1 2 4 ,4 7 4
1 3 7 ,9 7 5
9 ,3 5 7
1 2 8 ,6 1 9
1 3 8 ,3 6 9
9 ,0 3 2
1 2 9 ,3 3 7
1 4 0 ,5 4 2
8 ,8 7 9
1 3 1 ,6 6 3
1 6 6 ,8 5 8
6 ,3 5 9
1 6 0 ,4 9 9
1 6 5 ,1 8 9
6 ,2 5 9
1 5 8 ,8 9 4
.7
-3 .8
1 .1
1 .4
-4 .9
1 .9
1 .4
— 3 .2
1 .7
1 .4
-3 .2
1 .6
3 .2 2
1 .4 5
3 .4 4
4 .2 1
2 .3 0
4 .3 6
4 .3 6
2 .3 7
4 .5 1
4 .4 6
2 .6 2
4 .5 9
4 .6 1
2 .6 2
4 .7 4
6 .5 4
5 .1 3
6 .6 0
6 .5 4
5 .1 3
6 .6 0
3 .4
5 .9
3 .0
2 .8
4 .4
2 .8
3 .0
5 .5
2 .8
3 .0
5 .5
2 .8
4 5 2 .5
4 1 .9
2 1 .5
1 1 .1
1 0 .3
2 0 .4
4 1 0 .6
2 0 .3
3 9 0 .3
6 1 7 .8
5 0 .8
2 1 .8
1 0 .9
1 0 .9
2 9 .0
5 6 7 .0
2 3 .7
5 4 3 .3
6 5 8 .1
5 4 .6
2 3 .9
1 2 .3
1 1 .6
3 0 .7
6 0 3 .5
2 2 .4
5 8 0 .8
6 7 4 .6
5 7 .6
2 5 .7
1 3 .4
1 2 .3
3 1 .9
6 1 7 .0
2 3 .7
5 9 3 .3
7 0 7 .6
5 9 .7
2 6 .3
1 3 .9
1 2 .4
3 3 .5
6 4 7 .9
2 3 .3
6 2 4 .6
4 1 ,1 6 8 .6
7 6 .7
2 3 .6
1 0 .6
1 3 .0
5 3 .1
1 ,0 9 1 .9
3 2 .6
1 ,0 5 9 .3
4 1 ,1 5 6 .9
7 5 .9
2 3 .4
1 0 .5
1 2 .9
5 2 .6
1 ,0 8 1 .0
3 2 .3
1 ,0 4 8 .7
4 .0
2 .4
.2
-.2
.7
4 .5
4 .1
1 .9
4 .2
4 .6
5 .5
6 .4
8 .4
4 .4
4 .9
4 .5
— .6
4 .8
4 .3
2 .8
.5
— .2
1 .2
4 .1
4 .5
2 .1
4 .6
4 .3
2 .7
.5
- .2
1 .1
4 .0
4 .4
2 .1
4 .5
7 0 ,9 5 3
1 C o m p o u n d in te re st r a te b ased o n te r m in a l y e a rs.
2 F o r c o n s is te n c y w ith m e a s u r e s o f g o v e r n m e n t p r o d u c t, e s tim a te s
o f g o v e r n m e n t e m p l o y m e n t a r e t h o s e d e v e lo p e d b y t h e U . S . D e
p a r t m e n t o f C o m m e r c e , O f f ic e o f B u s i n e s s E c o n o m i c s .
3 In
accord an ce
w ith
th e
c o n v e n tio n s
in
th e
m easurem en t
of
c o n s t a n t d o lla r g r o s s n a tio n a l p r o d u c t,
p r o d u c tiv ity f o r
govern
m e n t is a s s u m e d c o n s t a n t . S i n c e n o c h a n g e i n a v e r a g e h o u r s is
12
3 per
cent
- .2
6 .3
p r o j e c t e d f o r t h i s s e c t o r t h e c h a n g e in g o v e r n m e n t p r o d u c t is e q u a l
t o t h e c h a n g e in e m p l o y m e n t .
4
G r o s s n a t i o n a l p r o d u c t f o r 1 9 8 0 s h o w n h e r e is a s c o m p u t e d , b u t
h a s b e e n r o u n d e d t o $ 1 ,1 6 5 a n d $ 1 ,1 5 5 f o r c o n t r o l t o t a l s f o r t h e r e
m a in in g c a lc u la tio n s .
N ote : 1 9 6 6 , 1 9 6 7 , a n d 1 9 6 8 d a t a a r e s h o w n f o r i n f o r m a t i o n
o n ly . T h e 1 9 8 0 e s t im a t e s w e r e m a d e w it h 1 9 6 5 a s a b a s e .
in 1968 than in 1965. The extent to which the
growth rate in establishment employment has
come from dual job holders would be a contrib
uting factor to the sharp decline in hours dur
ing the 1965-68 period. Finally, defense spend
ing has been much higher, both in level and as
a proportion of GNP, from 1965 through 1968,
to meet demands for Viet Nam. Although 1965
was used as the base period for the 1980
projections, later data are shown where availa
ble.
Conversion to Jobs
The initial projection of employment in
1980 was made using the labor force series
which was then converted to a level of employ
ment consistent with the Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics’ establishment series. The labor force
series is a count of persons and the latter
employment series is a count of jobs. The
difference between the two series includes
both coverage and statistical differences. In
the coverage differences the employment series
includes dual job holders and employees under
16 years of age. While the labor force series
is more suitable for use in aggregate projec
tions, only the establishment series has detailed
industry estimates.
The difference or adjustment factor between
the series has not been sufficiently consistent in
the past for it to be easily predictable. There is
some indication that in the long run its size in
creases as the labor force increases. In the
1980 projections the adjustment factor is pro
jected to be a constant proportion of the labor
force in the 1965 to 1980 period. In magnitude
it increases from 3.9 million in 1965 to 5.1 mil
lion in 1980.
Hours
In order to estimate for 1980 the available
man-hours of labor, it was neceessary to esti
mate change in average hours. The data on
average hours used in making these projections
are measures of hours paid. Although it would
be preferable, at least from the viewpoint of
productivity, to have a measure of hours
worked, such measures are not available for
detailed industries. Therefore, the decline in
hours shown would be different from those for
a series of hours worked, since paid vacation
and sick leave is included in the former series
but is not included in the latter. Consequently
the decline, both historical and projected, does
not reflect the trend toward more paid leisure
time.
By 1980, average hours are projected to de
cline 0.2 percent a year. This is the same rate as
the 1957-65 decline in nonfarm average hours
paid. The overall decline in average hours in
the past has been the result of varying influ
ences and differences among the sectors. Most
goods-producing industries, excluding agricul
ture, showed very little change in hours paid
from 1950 until a rise in overtime hours began
in 1964-65. Services and trade sectors on the
other hand, have shown a consistent decline
throughout the post-World-War-II period.
In addition to the influence of sector differ
ences on the decline in hours, other variables
have influenced the trend. In the early postwar
period the decline in hours resulted, to a
considerable extent, from a reduction in the
standard work week. However, a more impor
tant factor in the decline in hours during the
later postwar period was the increasing pro
portion of partime employees. The increasing
portion of the labor force engaged in part-time
work can be seen in table 12.
During the period shown in this table, em
ployment grew at 1.5 percent a year and parttime employment grew at 5.7 percent a year.
The 1980 projections of average hours as
sume a continued increase in part-time employ
ment as a percent of the total, but no substan
tive reduction in the standard work week. The
decline in total private average hours of 0.2
percent a year from 1965 to 1980 is, therefore,
about the same rate of decline as in the
1957-65 period but is a slowdown from the
rate for the entire postwar period and espe
cially from that of the last three years. In fact,
if the sharp decline in hours during the
1965—68 period of 0.8 percent a year is in
cluded and 1968 taken as a base, the 1968-80
change implied by these projections is 0.1 per
cent decline a year in average yearly hours
paid.
13
Output Per Man-Hour
Because of the widely differing treatment of
private and public productivity, estimates of
aggregate GNP are derived by projecting pri
vate and public employment separately. Gov
ernment employment must be projected inde
pendently because it is a policy variable and, at
the same time, is not determined by the inputoutput system. Also, in accordance with the na
tional income accounting conventions of the
Office of Business Economics, Department of
Commerce, constant productivity is assumed
for all general government employment. This
means that the level and rate of change in gov
ernment output per man-hour is substantially
different from the private sector and the rela
tive importance of the two sectors must be
taken into account in projecting potential out
put.
Within the private sector, the trend in out
put per man-hour was projected separately for
the farm and for the nonfarm sectors because
their productivity trends and levels have been
quite different. In the past, increases have av
eraged about 6 percent a year in the farm sec
tor as a result of rapid changes in technology
and a continuing movement of employment
away from farms as the number of marginal
farms decline.
1
able 11.
This movement between sectors indicated a
shift of people from a low to a higher level of
output per man-hour and gave an added impe
tus to the rate of increase in private sector out
put per man-hour for the 1947-67 period. For
instance as pointed out by Jerome Mark, “ Anal
ysis of the effect of shifts on output per man
hour for the private economy, derived by
weighting the man-hours of industry divisions,
indicates that for the postwar period, 1947-66,
0.3 percentage points of the 3.2 percent annual
rate of increase was attributable to the effect
of shifts among major sectors. Most of the
shifts occurred during the first decade, when
these shifts were about one-half of a percent
age point of the growth in output per man
hour. In recent years this growth has been re
duced substantially and from 1957 to 1966, has
amounted to about two-tenths of a percentage
point.
The bulk of the effect of shifts among sec
tors occurred between the farm and nonfarm
sectors. Shifts among the nonfarm sectors con
tributed relatively little to the change in out
put per man-hour.” 8
8
Paper by Jerome A. Mark, A ssistant Commissioner
for Productivity, Technology and Growth, Bureau of
Labor Statistics, presented at a meeting of the Amer
ican Statistical Association, Pittsburgh, Pa., August
20-22, 1968.
Derivation of civilian employment control totals
Component
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Total employment (jobs concept) —
_ ----------Less general government (national income basis) ----Total private employment ----- __ - _
Agriculture ----- _ _ . —
- _
Nonagriculture _
___
_ _ _ _
Self-employed _ _
__ _
— ----- _ ------_____
Unpaid family workers _
__
Households __ __
---------------------- -- _ -- —
Government enterprises __ _ _
—
__ --------Wage and salary employment (private) _ --------- __
Adjustment to BLS government basis
11. BLS total civilian government ___ ___
12. BLS total nonagricultural wage and salary (sum of
lines 10 and 11) __
------- _ -------------------------13. Total civilian employment BLS government basis (sum
of lines 4, 6, 7, 8, and 12) —
_ ------- _ __ —
1957
1965
71.0
9.8
61.2
5.9
55.3
6.0
.6
2.4
.9
45.3
77.7
12.0
65.7
4.3
61.4
6.2
.6
2.6
1.2
50.7
7.6
52.9
67.8
10.1
60.8
74.5
S ources for table 11 historical data:
Line 1. Sum of lines 2 and 3.
Line 2. Office of Business Economics, same as in table 10. This gov
ernment employment level is used to be consistent with govern
ment product from the same source. General government excludes
government enterprises.
Lines 3, 4, and 5. BLS, Office of Productivity, Technology and
Growth. Line 5 is the sum of lines 6-10.
Lines 6-9. To the BLS published estimates of nonfarm establish
ment wage and salary employment is added to Office of Business
Economics estimates of self-employed, household workers and govern
ment enterprise workers. These are consistent with estimates of
14
Basic 3percent
model
102.9
18.5
84.4
2.8
81.6
6.7
.7
2.8
1.6
69.8
Basic 4percent
model
1980
3 percent
High
durables
101.9
18.3
83.6
2.8
80.8
6.6
.7
2.8
1.6
69.1
102.9
18.1
84.8
2.8
82.0
6.7
.7
2.8
1.6
70.2
16.8
16.6
86.6
99.6
85.7
98.6
16.2
86.4
99.4
4 percent
High
durables
101.9
17.9
84.0
2.8
81.2
6.6
.7
2.8
1.6
69.5
16.0
85.5
98.4
private GNP. Also added is the number of unpaid family workers
published by the BLS from data collected as a part of the labor force
series.
Lines 10, 11, and 12. BLS published establishment employment data.
Government enterprises are included in government employment in
the BLS series.
Line 13. Once the GNP has been developed on the basis of the
Office, of Business Economics definition of government and private
employment, we revert to BLS government definitions. The total
shown here is the control total for the distribution of industry em
ployment and is used throughout the remainder of the report.
Table 12.
Part-time employment as a percent of total employment, 1956-68
Year
Total employment
labor force
(millions of employees)
Nonagricultural
part-time work
for noneconomic
reasons
(millions of employees)
Parttime
as a
percent of
total employment
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
63,802
64,071
63,036
64,630
65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
4,330
4,515
4,542
4,889
5,175
5,361
5,700
6,021
6,448
6.8
7.0
7.2
7.6
1965
1966
1967
1968
________________________
________________________
________________________
_________________ _______
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
6,740
7,441
8,048
8,452
9.5
10.2
10.8
11.1
S ource
:
E m p lo y m e n t a n d E a rn in g s ,
Volume 15 No. 8, February 1969, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
As employment in the farm sector becomes a
smaller proportion of the total, the effect of
this shift becomes less significant. It is esti
mated that if each sector maintains its histori
cal rate of change of output per man-hour to
1980 the effect of the shift will virtually disap
pear.
For 1980, the rate of increase in output per
man-hour in the private sector is projected to
be approximately 3.0 percent a year. This
change results from the combination of a 5.5
percent rate for the farm sector and a 2.8 per
cent projected rate for the private nonfarm
sector. This rate of projected farm output per
man-hour provides for a slowdown from the
1957-65 rate of 5.9 percent. Traditionally,
farm output per man-hour has fluctuated
widely, but even at the lower average rate pro
jected, the change in farm output per man
hour is expected to remain considerably above
that in the nonfarm sector.
The private, nonfarm sector is assumed to
maintain its historical output per man-hour
growth rate of 2.8 percent a year. Even though
the total nonfarm is projected at its historical
rate, individual industries within the broad
nonfarm sector, may deviate from their past
productivity rates. The average rate assumed
provides for greater than historical increases
7.9
8.2
8.5
8.9
9.3
in some industries to offset the shift in weight
towards lower productivity industries.
GNP Growth Rate
By combining the projections of labor force,
change in hours, and output per man-hour, the
1980 gross national product is determined. The
1965-80 real GNP growth rate which results is
4.3 percent a year and the 1980 GNP is 1,165
billion dollars (1958 $’s) for the 3-percent
basic model. This overall growth rate in GNP
is a combination of a 4.5 percent annual
growth rate for the private sector and 2.8 per
cent annual rate for the public sector.9 In the
4-percent basic model the 1965-80 growth of
GNP is also 4.3 percent, but combines a private
sector growth of 4.4 percent with a 2.7 percent
rate for the public sector and results in $1,155
billion of GNP in 1980. The projected growth
in real GNP of 4.3 percent a year to 1980 in
both models is slightly higher than the
1957-65 growth rate of 4.0 percent a year.
9 The public GNP in the national income and product
accounts is simply the constant dollar wages and sal
aries of government employees. Thus, the 2.8 or 2.7
percent growth rate reflects only the growth in public
employment.
15
Chapter III.
Composition of Gross National Product
In chapter II the discussion centered around
the development of the growth rate in real
GNP from 1965 to 1980 and the factors which
influenced this growth. In this chapter the dis
cussion will focus on the composition of gross
national product. The overall characteristics of
the basic 1980 projection model is described
first and then each of the major components of
GNP are discussed in subsequent sections. In
the final section the relationship between the
purchases of goods and services by final users
and the final demands by producing industries
is discussed.
GNP components
The projections for 1980 associated with the
basic 3-percent and the basic 4-percent unem
ployment models can be characterized as being
most nearly representative of long-term
trends. The levels, distributions, and rates of
growth of GNP and its major components are
presented for selected years and for projected
1980 in tables 13 through 15.
Even though the projected economic struc
ture in these models is generally consistent
with the trends in recent years, two important
changes should be noted: First, the projected
level of defense spending constitutes a much
lower proportion of GNP than it does at the
present time. This is the result of a two-fold
assumption, that the Viet Nam conflict will end
in the early 1970’s with a significant reduction
in military costs and that defense spending
then will resume the declining trend relative to
GNP that was operating prior to the Viet Nam
acceleration. Secondly, residential construction
is projected to be a larger proportion of GNP
than it was in 1968. The trend in the ratio of
housing expenditures to GNP—which reached
a post-World War II low in 1967—is reversed
in the 1980 projections because of the expected
rise in the population age group most often as
sociated with the purchase or rental of dwell
ing units.
For the other components of GNP the pro
jected trend is closer to the recent trends. Du
16
rable consumer goods and consumer services
will grow faster than total consumption while
nondurable goods will grow more slowly—all
in line with past trends. Nonresidential con
struction is projected to grow more slowly
than producer durable equipment which is in
accord with past trends. For foreign trade, the
projected growth rate of exports is somewhat
slower than imports. State and local govern
ment expenditures are projected to maintain a
high rate of growth and constitute a larger
share of total constant dollar GNP in 1980
than at any time since the 1930-39 decade.
Each of the major components of GNP is
discussed in detail in the following sections.
Each section includes only a limited discussion
of the industry composition although, in prac
tice, the components of GNP are distributed to
full input-output industry detail for use in pro
jecting industry output.10
Personal consumption expenditures
Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)
is by far the largest component of final de
mand, about two-thirds of total GNP. The pro
jected 1980 levels of PCE are $758.3 billion
and $751.9 billion (1958 dollars) for the 3-percent basic and 4-percent basic models, respec
tively. Data are available for over 80 individ
ual categories of consumption as part of the
national income and product accounts and the
1980 projections were made at this level of de
tail. These data are summarized for selected
years and projected 19B0 in tables 16 through
18.
Time series of the PCE data, covering the
years 1929 through 1965 (excluding World
War II years), formed the basis for the 1980
projections. The estimating equations or “ func
tions” which were used in making the 1980
projections were developed by Hendrik Hou10 See appendix D, tables D -l through D-8 for the
full input-output sector detail for total GNP and each
of the major components. For a detailed description of
the methods used in deriving the bills of goods see
appendix A.
thakker and Lester D. Taylor.11 The time se
ries for each item of consumption and for total
consumption were expressed in constant 1958
dollars per capita. Demand equations were esti
mated with the per capita consumption of an
item expressed as a function of (a) past con
sumption of the item, (b) past consumption of
all items, (c) the annual change in the level of
total consumption, and (d) other variables,
wherever significant.
The projected rate of increase in PCE of 4.4
percent a year (4.3 in the 4-percent basic
model) is a somewhat faster rate than oc
curred during the entire post-World-War-II pe
riod, but closer to the rate of 4.1 percent a year
experienced in the 1957-65 period. This pro
jected rate of growth in consumption is very
close to the rate projected for GNP. Two of the
three major subdivisions of consumer expendi
tures, durable goods and services, are projected
to maintain rates of growth which are faster
than total PCE. By 1980 both durable goods
and services are projected to have a larger
share of total consumption than any time in
the post-war period. On the other hand, ex
penditures on nondurable goods are projected
to continue their consistently slower rate of
growth relative to durables and services. Con
sequently, nondurable goods are expected to
constitute a distinctly smaller proportion of
total PCE—and of total GNP as indicated in
table 14—than it has in past years.
Among durable goods category, furniture
and household equipment will show the most
pronounced growth to 1980, consistent with
the projected strong growth in housing de
mand. Projected expenditures for food and
beverages as well as for clothing and shoes re
flect the long run declining proportion of non
durables in consumers’ budgets. The other ser
vices subgroups, composed of a large number
of heterogenous activities, owes its substantial
growth to rapidly increasing expenditures for
medical care, private education, and recreation.
These comparisons are in terms of rates of
growth and proportions, however, and not in
terms of values, nearly every category of PCE
has a higher projected constant dollar value in
1980 than it had in the historical period.
Gross private domestic investment
Gross private domestic investment (GPDI)
includes spending for private plant and equip
ment, residential structures and the net change
in business inventories. In 1980, this invest
11 Hendrik Houthakker and Lester D. Taylor, Con- ment is projected to total $186.3 billion (1958
sumer Demand in the United States. 1929—70, (Cam
dollars) and to grow at 4.3 percent a year from
bridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1966). A
1965 to 1980 in the basic 3-percent unemploy
later version of these equations will appear in a forth
ment
model. In the 4-percent basic model the
coming book by Professor Houthakker and Dr. Taylor.
Table 13.
Gross national product by major components, selected years and projected 1980
[Billions of 1958 dollars]
Components
Gross National Product
_
_ - --------- - - - - - Personal consumption expenditures _
—
Durable g o o d s . __
____
_ _ —
—
..
Nondurable goods ____ - - — . _ — . .
Services _
_
--------- ----— -------------Gross private domestic investment - — Fixed investment ___ . ___ ___ _ _ _.
Nonresidential __
____ _ __ _____
Structures - ____________________________
Producers’ durable equipment --------------Residential structures ___ __
_
Change in business inventories . _
Net exports of goods and services - _ _
Exports
_____ ____ __ __ __ .........
Imports _____
_
__
___ _ __
Government purchases of goods and services__
Federal
_ _
__ __ ____
__
___
State and local_______________ _ ____
1957
1962
1965
1967
1968
452.5
288.2
41.5
138.7
108.0
68.8
67.6
47.4
18.2
29.1
20.2
1.2
6.2
26.2
19.9
89.3
51.7
37.6
530.0
338.6
49.2
158.4
131.1
79.4
73.4
49.7
17.9
31.7
23.8
6.0
4.5
30.0
25.5
107.5
60.0
47.5
617.8
397.7
66.6
178.6
152.5
99.2
90.1
66.3
22.3
44.0
23.8
9.0
6.2
37.4
31.2
114.7
57.9
56.8
674.6
430.3
72.8
190.3
167.2
100.8
93.9
73.6
22.6
51.0
20.3
6.9
3.6
42.1
38.5
140.0
74.8
65.2
707.6
452.6
80.7
196.9
175.0
105.7
99.1
75.8
22.7
53.2
23.3
6.6
0.9
45.6
44.7
148.4
78.9
69.5
Source : Historical data from the Office of Business Economics,
U.S. Department of Commerce, and projections are from the Bureau
Projected 1980
Basic models
3 percent
4 percent
1,165.0
758.3
133.2
295.9
329.2
186.3
171.2
130.4
36.5
93.9
40.9
15.1
9.6
79.2
69.6
210.8
85.0
125.8
1,155.0
751.9
132.1
293.4
326.4
184.8
169.8
129.3
36.2
93.1
40.5
15.0
9.5
78.5
69.0
208.9
84.3
124.6
of Labor Statistics.
17
Table 14.
Gross national product by major components, selected years and projected 1980
[Percent distribution based on 1958 dollars]
Projected 1980
Components
1957
1962
1965
1967
1968
Gross National Product - - - - - - 100.0
Personal consumption expenditures _______ 63.7
Durable goods ----------------- --- __ - -_ - -.
9.2
Nondurable goods - ___ ___
30.7
Services
__
__
23.9
Gross private domestic investment - _
15.2
Fixed investment _ _ _
___
__
14.9
Nonresidential
___________ - . 10.5
__
_______ ___
Structures
4.0
Producers’ durable equipment _
6.4
4.5
Residential structures ___ _____ __
Change in business inventories _____
.3
Net exports of goods and services . . _____ 1.4
Exports
__ ______
_______ ____
5.8
Imports _ _ _ _ _ _
_
__
4.4
Government purchases of goods and services___
19.7
Federal___ _ _
______
______
11.4
State and local
__ _
__
8.3
100.0
63.9
9.3
29.9
24.7
15.0
13.8
9.4
3.4
6.0
4.5
1.1
.8
5.7
4.8
20.3
11.3
9.0
100.0
64.4
10.8
28.9
24.7
16.1
14.6
10.7
3.6
7.1
3.9
1.5
100.0
63.8
10.8
28.2
24.8
14.9
13.9
10.9
3.4
7.6
3.0
100.0
64.0
11.4
27.8
24.7
14.9
14.0
10.7
3.2
7.5
3.3
.9
.1
6.4
6.3
21.0
11.2
9.8
projected growth rate is 4.2 percent a year for
a 1980 total of $184.8 billion. These projections
compare with a 1957-65 growth rate of 4.7
percent for total GPDI. (See table 15.)
The role of GPDI in the input-output system
differs from the other areas of final demand in
that investment goods (except for residential
construction) are purchased by the sectors
which constitute the system. Therefore, a di
rect relationship exists between industry
growth rates, the level of investment required
by the respective industries, and the demands
on the industries producing investment goods.
As a consequence, the projection of investment
demand is a sequential process.
Projections of investment demand are made
separately for the major components of GPDI
and at the level of detail for which data are
available. Originally, the projections are based
on analyses of past trends and relationships.
As the model is developed, the projections are
modified on the basis of information generated
by the input-output system in order to achieve
a balance between the derived industry growth
rates and investment demand. The composition
of GPDI is discussed in more detail in the fol
lowing paragraphs.
P r iv a te resid en tia l construction . Housing ex
penditures are expected to be high during the
1970,s. Private residential construction is pro
jected to total $40.9 billion in the 3-percent
model and $40.5 billion in the 4-percent basic
model (1958 dollars) in 1980. Stated in terms
of units, from 2.6 to 2.9 million private non
18
1.0
6.1
5.1
18.6
9.4
9.2
1.0
.5
6.2
5.7
20.9
11.1
9.7
Basic models
3-percent
4-percent
100,0
100.0
65.1
65.1
11.4
11.4
25.4
25.4
28.3
28.3
16.0
16.0
14.7
14.7
11.2
11.2
3.1
3.1
8.1
8.1
3.5
3.5
1.3
1.3
.8
.8
6.8
6.8
6.0
6.0
18.1
18.1
7.3
7.3
10.8
10.8
farm starts are projected in the basic 1980
models, depending on the mix assumed between
single family housing and multifamily units.12
In addition to new dwelling units, the expendi
ture level for private residential construction
includes the costs of alterations and additions
to existing homes and expenditures on motel
and hotels.
In the long run, the level of expenditure for
housing is determined by changes in the size
and age distribution of the population. During
the next decade the major changes in the popu
lation distribution will show an increasing pro
portion of young adults and retired persons.
Thus, the central problems in projecting the
level of demand for housing to 1980 concern
the timing of demand and the proportions of
that demand for single family and multi-family
units.
On the basis of the changing age distribu
tion of population, apartment building through
1975 is projected to be particularly strong; by
1980 a further shift in the age structure could
alter demand back toward a larger proportion
of single family housing—assuming the availa
bility of land and other resources necessary for
this type of structure. This later shift would
occur as young adults acquire families and if
they choose the traditional pattern of single
family housing.
12 This range of construction would encompass—
depending on the time path assumed—the goal of 26
million new housing units in the decade 1969-78 set
forth as the National Housing Goals in the Housing
and Urban Development Act of 1968.
Spending gains in other types of nonfarm
residential construction— hotels, motels and
additions and alternations— are expected to
follow the general economic trends.
P la n t an d e q u ip m e n t . Plant and equipment
expenditures provide one of the major factors
influencing growth in industries as well as in
the economy as a whole. Among the motivating
forces behind the purchase of plant and equip
ment by a firm are a desire to expand produc
tive capacity for either present or new markets
and to control costs through capital equipment
possessing improved technology. The 1980
projections of plant and equipment spending
considers these factors to the extent possible.
Spending on plant and equipment is expected
to be at least two thirds of all GPDI in 1980.
In the basic models the projected level of spend
ing is 12 percent of private GNP— about the
same ratio that occurred during the relatively
high investment years 1965-69. In the 3-per
cent model the projection of $130.4 billion
(1958 dollars) of nonresidential fixed invest
ment is divided between $36.5 for structures
and $93.9 billion for producers’ durable equip
ment. For the 4 percent model the $129.3 billion
level of spending (1958 dollars) comprises
$36.2 billion for structures and $93.1 billion for
equipment.
Among all the producer durable equipment
industries the following groups are projected
to show the largest gains between 1965 and
1980 in terms of demand: Industries 56 and 66,
Table 15.
communication equipment; industry 60, civil
ian aircraft and parts; industry 61, office, com
puting, and accounting machinery; industry
63, optical and photographic equipment (in
cluding photocopying); and industry 40, heat
ing, plumbing, and fabricated structural metal
products. Most of the other industries expected
to show a greater than average rate of growth
during the projected period are connected with
electrical equipment, devices, or parts. In
cluded in this group are industries 53, electri
cal industrial equipment; industry 55, electric
light and wiring equipment; industry 57, elec
tronic components and accessories; and indus
try 58, miscellaneous electrical machinery and
supplies.
When considered individually, the equipment
groups characterized by above average growth
rates in terms of demand make up relatively
small proportions of total equipment spending;
none of these groups currently are more than 7
percent of equipment spending, and they are
not expected to exceed 10 percent of total
equipment spending in 1980. The larger equip
ment groups will have less than average growth
rates and are associated mainly with farming,
mining and railroading.
Spending for new plant is expected to grow
less than spending for equipment. This is due
to a slower than average rate of growth in cer
tain institutional and utility building, railroad
structures and farm structures. Increases in in
dustrial building will be less than the increases
in equipment purchases, due to the historical
Changes in gross national product by major components, selected years and projected 1980
[ A v e r a g e a n n u a l r a t e o f c h a n g e b a s e d o n 1 9 5 8 d o lla r s ] 1
1 9 6 5 --1 9 8 0
B a s ic m o d e ls
C o m p o n e n ts
1 9 5 7 -6 5
G ro ss N a tio n a l P r o d u c t _ _ _
—
- . _
—
P e r s o n a l c o n s u m p t i o n e x p e n d i t u r e s - ---------- - - D u r a b le g o o d s __
------------------ ------------- ---------------------N o n d u r a b le g o o d s _ _
_ _ _
___ ___
S e r v ic e s
_ __
_
_ _ - _____ - - - - - G r o s s p r iv a t e d o m e s tic in v e s t m e n t
F ix e d in v e s tm e n t .
_
--------------N o n r e s id e n tia l
___ ___
__ -----------------------------------------S tr u ctu r e s
___ ______
P r o d u c e r s ’ d u r a b le e q u i p m e n t
R e s id e n tia l s tru c tu r e s
C h a n g e in b u s i n e s s i n v e n t o r i e s
N e t e x p o r t s o f g o o d s a n d s e r v ic e s
- E x p o rts
___
_
_____
__
___
_
_____________
Im p o rts
___
______
________________ ______
___
G o v e r n m e n t p u r c h a s e s o f g o o d s a n d s e r v i c e s _____
F ederal
__
_ _
__
_
____
_
S t a t e a n d l o c a l ___ ___
_ _ ________ _______________ _______
1 C om pound
in te r e s t
ra tes
based
on
t e r m in a l
1 9 5 7 -6 2
1 9 6 2 -6 5
1 9 6 5 -6 8
4 .0
4 .1
6 .1
3 .2
4.4
4 .7
3 .7
4 .3
2 .6
5 .3
2 .1
3 .2
3 .3
3 .5
2 .7
4.0
2 .9
1 .7
1 .0
-.3
1 .7
3 .3
5 .3
5 .5
1 0 .6
4 .1
5.2
7 .7
7 .1
1 0 .1
7 .6
1 1 .5
4 .6
4 .4
6 .6
3 .3
4.7
2 .1
3 .2
4 .6
.6
6 .5
-.7
4 .5
5 .8
3 .2
1. 4
5 .3
2 .7
5 .1
3 .8
3. 0
4 .8
7 .6
7 .0
2 .2
-1 .2
6 .1
6 .8
1 2 .7
9 .0
1 0 .9
7 .0
3 p ercen t
4 percen t
4 .3
4 .4
4 .7
3 .4
5. 3
4 .3
4 .4
4 .6
3 .3
5 .2
3 .7
3 .5
3 .0
5 .1
5 .5
4 .1
2 .6
5 .4
4 .3
4 .3
4 .7
3 .4
5.2
4 .2
4 .3
4 .6
3 .3
5 .1
3 .6
3 .5
2 .9
5 .1
5 .4
4 .1
2 .5
5 .4
ye ars.
19
Table 16.
Personal consumption expenditures, by major types, for selected years and projected 1980
' [B illio n s o f 1 9 5 8 d o lla r s ]
P r o je c te d 1 9 8 0
F u n c tio n
1950
1957
1962
1965
1967
1968
3 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
T o t a l p e r s o n a l c o n s u m p t i o n e x p e n d i t u r e s ___ D u r a b le g o o d s
—
— _ ---------------------------------- —
A u to m o b ile s a n d p a r ts
- - _____ - - _ F u r n i t u r e a n d h o u s e h o ld e q u i p m e n t
-O t h e r _________________ _________ ___________________
N o n d u r a b l e g o o d s -------- ---- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ .
F ood and b everages
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
C lo t h in g a n d sh o e s
___________________ _________
G a s o l i n e a n d o il _ _ _
___ _________ ______
O th e r
___ __________________ _ ___________________
S e r v ic e s
______________________ _ __________ _________ _
H o u s in g
_______ __________ _ _ ________________
H o u s e h o ld
o p e r a tio n
__________ ______
_
T r a n s p o r ta tio n
_________________________ _______
O th e r
___ ___
________
_
_____________
2 3 0 .5
3 4 .7
1 5 .9
1 5 .1
3 .7
1 1 4 .0
6 3 .2
2 1 .8
6 .5
2 2 .5
8 1 .8
2 6 .8
1 1 .7
8 .5
3 4 .8
2 8 8 .2
4 1 .5
1 8 .8
1 7 .4
5 .3
1 3 8 .2
7 6 .2
2 4 .4
1 0 .5
2 7 .5
1 0 8 .0
3 9 .3
1 6 .7
9 .5
4 2 .5
3 3 8 .4
4 9 .2
2 1 .8
2 0 .5
6 .8
1 5 8 .2
8 3 .9
2 8 .4
1 2 .5
3 3 .4
1 3 1 .1
4 9 .1
2 0 .4
9 .9
5 1 .7
3 9 7 .7
6 6 .6
3 0 .4
2 7 .4
8 .8
1 7 8 .6
9 2 .1
3 3 .4
1 4 .4
3 8 .7
1 5 2 .5
5 8 .1
2 3 .2
1 1 .0
6 0 .2
4 3 0 .3
7 2 .8
3 0 .6
3 1 .4
1 0 .7
1 9 0 .3
9 5 .4
3 6 .8
1 5 .8
4 2 .3
1 6 7 .2
6 3 .5
2 5 .8
1 2 .0
6 6 .0
4 5 2 .6
8 0 .7
3 6 .1
3 3 .3
1 1 .3
1 9 6 .9
9 8 .4
3 7 .9
1 6 .9
4 3 .8
1 7 5 .0
6 6 .7
2 6 .9
1 2 .6
6 8 .7
7 5 8 .3
1 3 3 .2
5 0 .8
6 1 .2
2 1 .1
2 9 5 .9
1 4 7 .1
5 2 .2
2 2 .9
7 3 .7
3 2 9 .2
1 3 4 .4
4 7 .8
2 1 .8
1 2 5 .2
N o te : V a l u e s a r e a t p u r c h a s e r p r i c e s .
S ource : H i s t o r i c a l d a t a a r e f r o m O ffic e
of
B u s in e s s
E c o n o m ic s ,
downtrend in the ratio of plant to equipment
expenditures. However, commercial, office
building, hospital construction, and social and
recreational structures are expected to show
large gains in the projection period.
C h a n g e s in b u sin e ss in v e n to r ie s . Business in
ventories may be held by either producing or
consuming industries. In fact, most data on in
ventories are reported by consuming or pur
chasing industries, while the input-output clas
sification places inventories in the producing
industries. Therefore, it is necessary to convert
historical data from a purchaser-holding to a
producer-holding basis in order to derive ap
propriate industry distributions of inventories.
The sector distribution of total projected in
ventory change is made on the basis of histori
cal distributions and modified in some in
stances after individual industry growth rates
are derived.
The net change in inventories is estimated to
total 1.3 percent of 1980 output or about $15
billion. Implicit in this project is a slow de
cline in the sales-inventory ratio.
Net exports
Projections of gross exports are made ini
tially for seven major balance-of-payments cat
egories of goods and services.13 Each of the
categories were projected separately with re
spect to the major trading partners of the
United States, based partially on data devel
oped by the United Nations and the Organiza
20
U .S . D e p a r t m e n t
L a b o r S ta tis tic s .
of
C om m erce.
P r o je c t io n s
are
4 -p e r c e n t
u n e m p lo y m e n t
7 5 1 .8
1 3 2 .1
5 0 .4
6 0 .7
2 0 .9
2 9 3 .4
1 4 5 .8
5 1 .8
2 2 .7
7 3 .1
3 2 6 .4
1 3 3 .2
4 7 .4
2 1 .6
1 2 4 .1
by
th e
B ureau
of
tion for Economic Cooperation and Devel
opment on expected changes of population,
industrial production, and real gross national
product. The projection for each of the balanceof-payments categories was further disag
gregated into input-output industry detail based
on 1958-65 trends in industry composition.
The 1980 projection of U.S. exports and im
ports imply an improved net export position
compared with recent years. Both exports and
imports are expected to constitute a larger
share of GNP in 1980 than in 1965— continu
ing the trend of the past decade but at a dimin
ishing differential rate.
The merchandise component of the net ex
ports balance is expected to be less than onehalf of the total balance in 1980, compared
with about two-thirds in 1965. The nonmer
chandise balance of net exports has been an in
creasing proportion of the net export balance
in recent years and is expected to gain a larger
share by 1980. The recent increases in the net
export balance of nonmerchandise transactions
result primarily from increased royalty re
ceipts and income from investments abroad;
the projected increases are contingent upon the
assumption that temporary barriers to the over
seas flow of capital will not be continued in
definitely.
I n d u s tr y str u c tu r e o f e x p o r t s . The projected
industry composition of gross exports indicates
13 The categories correspond to those shown in table
I, “ U.S. International Transactions,” Survey of Cur
rent Business, June 1969.
that products of manufacturing industries in
1980 are expected to be a slightly greater pro
portion of total exports of goods and services.
The share of manufacturing is projected to be
nearly 55 percent of gross exports compared
with about 52 percent in 1965. On the other
hand, agricultural and mining products are ex
pected to decline slightly as a proportion of
total exports.
In individual export categories, computers
and scientific and controlling instruments are
projected to show the greatest rates of increase
from 1965 to 1980 among durable manufactur
ing industries. In the nondurables area, paper
products and chemicals are expected to in
crease their share of total exports. Other non
durables and agricultural products and ser
vices are estimated to expand at a slower pace.
Mining products should make up a slightly
smaller share of total exports than they did in
1965. The major factor in the export of ser
vices is the continued growth of income, fees,
and royalties from U.S. investments abroad
mentioned previously.
In d u s tr y s tr u c tu r e o f im p o r ts . In the inputoutput system, imports are grouped into two
categories— those directly allocated to final de
mand and those allocated to the comparable
domestic industry. Those in the former group
are estimated as a part of the projection proce
dure of the final demand component into which
they fall. The imports of the latter group are
inputs into one of the sectors of the system;
they are first evaluated in terms of product
class data and projected independently on the
Table 17.
1980
basis of historical trends and— depending on
the product class— import quotas and supply
limitations. The projected levels then take the
form of input coefficient for their respective
sectors. A subsequent balancing procedure is
required in order to arrive at an industry by
industry balance between the level of imports,
the domestic inputs, and the derived industry
growth rate. Further discussions on the treat
ment of imports and the balancing procedure is
to be found in appendix A.
Changes in the projected 1980 industry
composition of imports of goods and services
from 1965 generally parallel those outlined for
exports. Manufacturing industries should in
crease their share of imports while agricul
tural and mining products and most nondura
bles expand more slowly. Among the durable
manufacturing sectors, imports of automobiles
and other transportation equipment, as well as
radios and televisions and many types of capi
tal equipment, are expected to increase their
share of total imports to 1980. With the excep
tion of chemicals, nondurable manufacturing
industries should experience a constant or de
clining share of total imports over the 1965-80
period.
The major impetus to the imports of services
is the expected sharp rise in payments to for
eign freight carriers from 1965 to 1980. Other
changes anticipated are a considerable rise in
spending on foreign travel by U.S. residents
and increasing income payments on foreignheld assets in the United States.
Imports assigned to final demand sectors in
the input-output system are expected to consti-
Distribution of personal consumption expenditures by major types, for selected years and projected
[In p e rc e n t]
P r o je c te d 19 8 0
F u n c tio n
1950
1957
1962
1965
1967
1968
B a s ic m o d e ls
3 p ercen t
T o ta l
person al
c o n s u m p tio n
e x p e n d itu r e s
-------------
D u r a b le
goods
_____ _____ —
—
- - A u t o m o b i l e s a n d p a r t s - - -------- - F u r n i t u r e a n d h o u s e h o ld e q u i p m e n t _ O t h e r __ - - - ------------—
N o n d u r a b l e g o o d s ---------------------- --------------------------------F ood an d beverages _ —
_
_
__
C l o t h i n g a n d s h o e s -------- -----------------------G a s o l i n e a n d o il
_ _ _ _ _
-------O th e r
_
-------- ----------------------- -------------__ —
S e r v ic e s
_ —
_ _ _
__ ___________
H o u s in g
_
-------------------- _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _
H o u s e h o ld o p e r a t io n
___ _________ ___
__ _
T r a n s p o r ta tio n
_
_ _
_
_______
O th e r _
_ ______________ ______
1 0 0 .0
1 5 .1
6 .9
6 .6
1 .6
4 9 .4
2 7 .4
9 .5
2 .8
9 .8
3 5 .5
1 1 .6
5 .1
3 .7
1 5 .1
1 0 0 .0
1 4 .4
6 .5
6 .0
1 .8
4 8 .1
2 6 .4
8 .5
3 .6
9 .5
3 7 .5
1 3 .6
5 .8
3 .3
1 4 .8
4 p ercen t
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
100 0
1 4 .5
6 .4
6 .1
2 .0
4 6 .7
2 4 .8
8 .4
3 .7
9 .9
3 8 .8
1 4 .5
6 .0
2 .9
1 5 .3
1 6 .7
7 .6
6 .9
2 .2
4 4 .9
2 3 .2
8 .4
3 .6
9 .7
3 8 .3
1 4 .6
5 .8
2 .8
1 5 .1
1 6 .9
7 .1
7 .3
2 .5
4 4 .2
2 2 .2
8 .6
3 .7
9 .8
3 8 .9
1 4 .8
6 .0
2 .8
1 5 .3
1 7 .8
8 .0
7 .4
2 .5
4 3 .5
2 1 .3
8 .4
3 .7
9 .7
3 8 .7
1 4 .7
5 .9
2 .8
1 5 .2
1 7 .6
6 .7
8 .1
2 .8
3 9 .0
1 9 .4
6 .9
3 .0
9 .7
4 3 .4
1 7 .7
6 .3
2 .9
1 6 .5
1 7 .6
6 .7
8 .1
2 .8
3 9 .0
1 9 .4
6 .9
3 .0
9 .7
4 3 .4
1 7 .7
6 .3
2 .9
1 6 .5
21
Table 18.
Annual rate of change in personal consumption expenditures by major types, for selected periods
[A v e r a g e in p e r c e n t] 1
1 9 6 5 -8 0
S e le c t e d p e r i o d s
F u n c tio n
B a s ic m o d e ls
1 9 5 0 -6 5
1 9 5 0 -5 7
1 9 5 7 -6 5
1 9 5 7 -6 2
1 9 6 5 -6 8
3 p ercen t
4 p ercen t
P erson al
c o n su m p tio n
e x p e n d itu r e s
_
_____
D u r a b le
goods
_
_ _ . _______
A u t o m o b ile s a n d p a r ts
_ _
F u r n i t u r e a n d h o u s e h o ld e q u i p m e n t _ _ _
O th e r
__
________ ___
_
_
________
3 .7
4 .4
4 .3
4 .1
5 .9
3 .2
2 .6
2 .4
2 .0
5 .3
4 .1
6 .1
6 .1
5 .9
6 .5
3 .3
3 .5
3 .0
3 .3
5 .1
4 .4
6 .6
5 .9
6 .7
8 .7
4 .4
4 .7
3 .5
5 .5
6 .0
4 .3
4 .7
3 .4
5 .4
5 .9
N o n d u r a b le g o o d s
_ _ _
.. _
_
. .
F ood and beverages
C lo th in g a n d sh o es _
_
G a s o l i n e a n d o il
_
_
- .
_________________
___________ _ _ _ ______
O th e r
3 .1
2 .6
2 .9
5 .3
3 .7
2 .9
2 .7
1 .6
7 .1
2 .9
3 .2
2 .4
4 .1
3 .8
4 .4
2 .7
2 .0
3 .1
3 .5
4 .0
3 .3
1 .6
4 .3
5 .5
4 .2
3 .4
3 .2
3 .0
3 .2
4 .4
3 .4
3 .1
3 .0
3 .1
4 .3
S e r v ic e s
_ _ .
. _ . _
H o u s in g
___
_ _
H o u s e h o ld o p e r a t io n
T r a n s p o r ta tio n
O th er
4 .3
5 .3
4 .7
1 .7
3 .8
4 .0
5 .6
5 .2
1 .6
2 .9
4 .5
5 .0
4 .3
1 .7
4 .6
4 .0
4 .6
4 .1
0 .8
4 .0
4 .7
4 .7
5 .1
4 .6
4 .5
5 .3
5 .8
4 .9
4 .7
4 .9
5 .2
5 .7
4 .9
4 .6
4 .9
_
___ ___ _
.
.
___
1 C o m p o u n d in te r e s t r a t e b a s e d o n t e r m in a l y e a r s .
tute a smaller share of total imports in 1980
than in 1965. The expected slow growth in pur
chases abroad by Federal Government agencies
— especially the Department of Defense when
the Viet Nam war ends— will more than offset
the sizable expansions in personal consumption
expenditures on imported goods and services,
including those on foreign travel. The reduction
in defense expenditures abroad assumes that
the United States will not be involved in any
major military action in 1980.
Government expenditures
The projections to 1980 of government pur
chases of goods and services are based on a re
view of past developments, anticipated future
trends, and an examination of other factors—
such as the changing age distribution of the
population and population migration— which
are expected to influence expenditure patterns.
The projections include an evaluation of the
future effect of recent legislative changes, on
government expenditures, including those in
volving aid to education, medicare, and other
health and welfare programs.
Projecting Federal, State and local expendi
tures presents particular difficulties due to the
method of channeling governmental funds. Ex
penditures for many Federal programs are in
the form of grants or transfer payments and
do not appear as purchases of goods and ser
vices by the Federal sector in the national in
come accounting system— the framework for
these projections. The grants and transfer pay
ments are recorded as expenditures by the sec
22
tor of final demand that actually uses the
funds to purchase goods and services. For ex
ample, Federal funds for health, education,
conservation, and highways show up promi
nently in the direct purchases of State and
local governments. In the same manner, Social
Security transfer payments are included as a
part of personal consumption expenditures. Of
course, in projecting the level and distribution
of other components of final demand which in
volve the use of Federal funds, the effect of
Federal programs over time is considered.
Although the future influence of recent
legislation can be projected with a reasonable
degree of accuracy, an attempt to project the
expenditure effect of future legislation is an en
tirely different matter and beyond the scope of
this study. As a consequence, if new govern
ment programs of large dimensions should
emerge or if there emphasis of existing pro
grams shifts radically, the structure of de
mand in 1980 will differ from that of any of
the models presented here. In brief, these
projections of Federal and State and local gov
ernment purchases of goods and services are
intended to represent the expenditure struc
tures as they are expected to develop through a
continuation of present programs.
For both Federal and State and local gov
ernment the projections by major function are
distributed initially into three major catego
ries : employee compensation, construction, and
all other purchases of material, equipment, and
services. Consistent with the assumption in the
national income accounts of no productivity
change in the Government sector, constant dol-
struction and purchases from the private sec
tor depends upon a continuance of recent legis
lative patterns in the fields of health, educa
tion, conservation and in the antipoverty effort.
Much of the expected increase in Federal
spending will not be directly evident due to the
statistical framework of the national income
accounting system. Some of the most rapidly
expanding Federal programs are included only
as a part of other components of final demand;
for example, medicare funds are included in
personal consumption expenditures and aid to
education is a part of State and local govern
F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t . Total 1980 Federal
ment expenditures. The projected expenditure
Government expenditures for goods and ser
level shows only direct Federal government
vices are projected to increase to $85.0 billion
purchases of goods and services.
in the 3-percent basic model projections and
Nondefense Federal employment is projected
$84.3 in the 4-percent basic model. The propor
to grow at a relatively slow rate. By 1980, the
tion of defense spending to total government
proportion of nondefense Federal employees is
spending is assumed to decline sharply in the
expected to drop further from its 1965 rela
1980 projections from the 1965 level. In 1980,
tionship to total government employment.
nondefense activities are anticipated to be
The projections of Department of Defense
above their historic highpoints both in relation
Defense (DOD) expenditures assume that the
to Federal spending and to total GNP. It
United States is not engaged in active warfare
should be noted that much of the increase in
and, therefore, that the level of Armed Forces
Federal nondefense expenditures for new conis lower than it is at the present time. The
14
In the input-output system of accounts, employee 1980 projections in the basic models provide
compensation does not include the payroll of “ force
what might be termed a minimum level of
account” government employees, i.e., Federal or State
DOD purchases; this level, however, is well
and local Government employees working on new or
above the 1965 level and approximates expend
maintenance construction, as opposed to contract con
itures in 1963 when the United States was in a
struction. Their payroll is included as part of the new
large missile procurement program.
and maintenance construction expenditures by gov
The overall total for defense expenditures is
ernment.
lar employee compensation 14 is projected to in
crease in the same proportion as the change in
government employment. Construction expend
itures are estimated by type of construction
such as education or hospitals. The other pur
chases for each function are distributed to
producing sectors on the basis of expenditure
patterns developed for the basic 1958 inputoutput table and modified to account for antici
pated shifts in the mix of the goods and ser
vices purchased.
Table 19. State and local government purchases of goods and services, by function, for selected years and pro
jected 1980
[B illio n s o f 1 9 5 8
d o lla r s ]
P u rch ases
F u n c tio n
1957
T o t a l p u r c h a s e s ________
A v e r a g e A n n u a l R a te o f C h a n g e 1
1980
b a s ic m o d e ls
_
----------
.
1965
3 7 .6
5 6 .8
1 9 6 5 -8 0
b a s ic m o d e ls
1 9 5 7 -6 5
3 percen t
4 p ercen t
1 2 5 .8
1 2 4 .6
5 .3
5 .4
5 .4
3 p ercen t
4 p ercen t
E d u c a tio n
—
—
-------------------------------------------E l e m e n t a r y a n d s e c o n d a r y ___ ______
H ig h e r
_______________________________________
O t h e r ----------------------------------------------------------
1 4 .6
1 2 .2
1 .9
.5
2 3 .4
1 8 .4
4 .0
.9
4 5 .5
2 5 .5
1 6 .7
3 .3
4 5 .1
2 5 .3
1 6 .5
3 .3
6 .1
5 .3
9 .8
7 .6
4 .5
2 .2
1 0 .0
9 .0
4 .5
2 .1
9 .9
9 .0
N o n e d u c a tio n
____________________ _____________
H ig h w a y s
..............................................................
P u b lic h e a lt h a n d s a n it a t io n
_____
H o s p i t a l s ______________ __________
H e a lth
_________________________________
S a n ita tio n
______________ ________ _
N a t u r a l r e s o u r c e s ________________ _______
P a r k s a n d r e c r e a t i o n _ _ _ _ _ ________
E n te r p r is e s
________
________
___
A l l o t h e r f u n c t i o n s ---------------------- —
2 3 .0
7 .6
3 .8
2 .8
.6
.4
1.0
3 3 .5
1 0 .5
5 .0
3 .8
.7
.5
1 .2
.6
2 .6
7 .4
4 .1
1 1 .7
8 0 .3
1 5 .3
1 0 .3
7 .6
1 .6
1 .1
2 .9
3 .4
1 2 .0
3 6 .3
7 9 .5
1 5 .1
1 0 .2
7 .5
1 .6
1 .1
2 .9
3 .4
1 1 .9
3 6 .0
4 .8
4 .1
3 .5
3 .9
1 .9
2 .8
2 .3
6 .6
5 .9
5 .9
6 .0
2 .5
4 .9
4 .7
5 .7
5 .4
6 .1
8 .5
7 .4
7 .8
5 .9
2 .5
4 .9
4 .6
5 .7
5 .4
6 .0
8 .5
7 .4
7 .8
1.0
1 C o m p o uSnource
d i n t e: r eBsu
t rreaatue s obf a sLeadb o rn tSetram
t i isnt iacls .y e a r s .
N o te :
D e ta il m a y
n o t add to
to ta ls
due to
r o u n d in g .
23
established by projecting separate levels for
compensation, construction, imports, and the
total of all other purchases within the context
of the model assumptions. Compensation is
projected in 1958 dollars by using the Armed
Forces and civilian manpower levels assumed
for 1980. Projections of construction and im
ports are based upon historical experience and
the assumed conditions for each model. Operat
ing expenses in the military personnel and the
operations and maintenance accounts are pro
jected on the basis of force levels assumed. Ex
penditures for procurement and for research
and development are determined by establish
ing overall control levels for major programs
such as missiles, ordnance, aircraft and ships
and then distributing the control levels to de
tailed sector expenditures based upon current
program relationships.
Defense expenditures are projected in 1980
at approximately $8 billion above the 1965
level. Armed forces strength is assumed to fall
to 2.7 million, the same level as in 1965; there
fore, the entire increase in defense expenditures
is allocated to higher levels of procurement
and construction.
Ordnance expenditures in the 1980 projec
tions are $2.7 billion. This is well above the
1965 level, but near the 1963 level when strate
gic missile production had reached a peak. Air
craft expenditures are projected at $7.9 billion,
somewhat above 1965 spending of $7.2 billion
and again approximating the 1963 level.
Electronics expenditures are projected
higher than the 1963 and 1965 levels because
of increased utilization of weapon systems for
which electronics are purchased separately as
an item of government furnished equipment,15
as well as increased purchases of major elec
tronic systems. Shipbuilding expenditures, not
including the purchases made in government
owned and operated yards, were projected at
$0.9 billion.
S ta te an d L o c a l G o v e r n m e n t . A continued
rapid pace of growth to 1980 is projected for
State and local government expenditures from
their 1965 level of $56.8 billion. Purchases of
goods and services are projected to more than
double in the 15 years span with an average
annual rate of growth of 5.4 percent. This is
about the same rate of increase as in the
24
1957-65 period but below the very high annual
rate— between 6 and 7 percent— of the last 6
years, due largely to a projected slowdown in
the rate of increase in educational expendi
tures. The increases in State and local govern
ment expenditures over the projected period
result from a combination of expected popula
tion growth, shifts in the age distribution and
location of the population, and demand for
higher quality services. State and local govern
ment purchases which during the 1950’s and
1960’s was at a level lower than Federal gov
ernment purchases is expected to exceed the
federal level early in the 1970,s and to be
nearly one-half again as large by 1980.16
State and local government expenditures are
identified by major functions or types of activ
ity, and each function is projected separately
to 1980. As noted previously, the influence of
Federal funds is considered in making these
projections. For the purpose of the 1980
projections, State and local government ex
penditures are distributed among elementary
and secondary schools, higher education, other
education, highways, hospitals, health, sanita
tion, natural resources, parks and recreation,
government enterprise, and all other functions.
Table 19 presents historical and projected data
on the levels of expenditures and rates of
growth by these functions.
Expenditures on education will continue to
be the largest single demand on the resources
of State and local governments through 1980,
although as a proportion of total spending they
are expected to decline slightly from 1965. For
the period 1957-65, the increase of 6.1 percent
a year in educational expenditures was greater
15 Current contracting procedure of the Department
of Defense is to purchase all major sub-components of
a system directly, and then to furnish it as government
furnished equipment to one contractor who assembles
the sub-components into a completed system.
16 In the fourth quarter of 1969, State and local gov
ernment purchases of goods and services exceeded Fed
eral Government purchases when both are expressed in
terms of 1958 dollars at seasonally adjusted annual
rates. (Survey of Current Business, February 1970,
table 1.) The last time State and local purchases ex
ceeded Federal purchases on this basis was in the
fourth quarter of 1950. ( The National Income and
Product Accounts of the U.S., 1929-65: A Supplement
to the Survey of Current Business, August 1966, table
1. 2.)
than the overall rate of growth of State and
local government expenditures; in the pro
jected period the converse will be true.
The 1980 projection assumes an improved
quality of education through decreases in stu
dent-teacher ratios at both the elementary and
secondary school levels. Instructional person
nel other than classroom teachers, such as psy
chologists and other specialists, are projected
to increase greatly in number. Educational sys
tems will require new buildings and equipment
in order to utilize the additional instructional
personnel and fully enhance student learning
opportunities.
Projected population patterns for the WTO's
show elementary school age groups stabilizing
and even declining slightly in the first part of
the decade due to the lower birth rates of re
cent years. By 1980, however, the elementary
school age population could be increasing
again, unless birth rates continue to decline.
The size of the 14 to 17 year old group, which
forms the bulk of secondary school enrollment,
will continue to expand at least until late in
the 1970's and, in any case, total enrollment at
the secondary school level is expected to in
crease because of higher retention rates.
An important part of the projected spending
advance for elementary and secondary schools
is assumed to be directly toward improving the
quality of education. At the elementary level
this would encompass smaller classes, more
specialized personnel, and a variety of pre
school and enrichment programs. At the sec
ondary school level as well, the emphasis is as
sumed to be directed toward quality education,
as a smaller part of the projected expenditure
increase is earmarked for meeting the require
ments arising from increased enrollment.
Moreover, it is anticipated that elementary and
secondary schools will assume greater roles as
community and adult education centers.
Enrollment in higher education is expected
to continue to grow. First, the prime popula
tion age group from which enrollees in institu
tions of higher learning are drawn will be ex
panding. Second, the proportion of the college
age population attending degree credit institu
tions will be at a new high in 1980, and an
even higher ratio of these students are ex
pected to attend public higher education facili
ties than the 66 percent enrolled in 1965. F i
nally, the retention rate of those enrolled is ex
pected to be higher.
The quality of higher education is expected
to increase in the period to 1980, with the em
phasis on a greater depth of staff. Larger num
bers of nonteaching personnel will also be re
quired. Construction is expected to absorb a
significant part of total expenditures. Rapid
proliferation of public junior and community
colleges, as well as satellite or branch cam
puses of State universities, is expected to pro
vide the educational facilities for a large part of
the increased enrollment to 1980.
During the 1957-65 period, State and local
government purchases excluding education in
creased at a 4.8 percent rate—somewhat
slower than total State and local purchases.
However, their projected rate of increase
1965-80 is 6.0 percent a year, somewhat faster
than total State and local government pur
chases.
Highway expenditures have averaged about
one-fifth of all State and local government pur
chases of goods and services in recent years.
From an ownership and maintenance viewpoint,
State governments are responsible for approxi
mately 20 percent of the mileage, local govern
ments for 76 percent, and the Federal Govern
ment the remainder.
Although the recent annual rate of growth
of 4.1 percent (1957-65) is expected to slow to
2.5 percent a year by 1980, construction out
lays for new highways and roads—as well as
greatly increased maintenance responsibilities
at the local and State' level—will require the
annual expenditures of nearly $15 billion by
1980. Completion of the presently scheduled
Interstate Highway Program in the mid-1970's
will result in an additional 41,000 miles of
highway to be maintained by State and local
governments.
As much as $10 billion is projected for State
and local government purchases of goods and
services in 1980 in the field of public health,
hospitals, and sanitation. Widespread citizen
concern and additional Federal funding will
undoubtedly lead to the development of many
facilities for health care such as regional
health centers, community mental health facil
ities, nursing homes, and establishments to aid
the physically and mentally handicapped. Leg
islation such as the Hill-Burton Act and the
25
Community Mental Health Construction Act
provide for the construction of many of these
facilities. Even though much Federal funding
will continue to be channeled into the private
sector—principally to religious-affiliated facili
ties and nonprofit voluntary institutions—
State and local government responsibilities are
expected to increase, particularly in the care of
handicapped persons and the chronically ill.
Expenditures on health services by State and
local government are projected to grow at a
rate of 5.7 percent a year compared with 1.9
percent a year during the 1957-65 period.
The projected expenditure of $1.1 billion for
sanitation in 1980—an annual rate of growth
of 5.4 percent from 1965—reflects the de
mand for services such as refuse collection
and disposal, insect control, and street clean
ing. Also, an important part of the sanitation
funds will be expended to battle water and air
pollution. Sanitation construction will increase
in older metropolitan centers as well as in new
towns and cities due to demands for pollution
control.
Expenditures for conservation and develop
ment of natural and agricultural resources to
gether with the operation of parks and recrea
tional activities are projected to accelerate at a
rate of over 8 percent a year to 1980. Increased
leisure time coupled with higher personal in
comes assumes a continuing growth in public
demand for parks and recreational services.
Although it is a relatively small part of total
state and local government expenditures, the
growth rate of spending on parks and recrea
tion is among the fastest-growing of all func
tions.
Government enterprises include a diverse
group of public institutions which furnish a
vast array of services ranging from public util
ities and transit companies to offset parking
lots and liquor stores. Also, included are hous
ing and community development, water and air
transportation, and other commercial activi
ties. Due to the commercial nature of these ac
tivities, only the construction and capital
equipment expenditures enter into the national
income account system.17 Much of the pro
jected thrust of government enterprise expend
itures to record levels in 1980 is expected to
come from increased urban renewal, redevelop
ment, and rehabilitation associated with the
26
central cities. New low-income housing will re
quire heavy expenditures. Urban transit sys
tems are expected to expand dramatically by
1980 and to require large outlays for construc
tion and the purchase of capital equipment.
Other public enterprises such as utilities, li
quor stores, and other commerical activities
are projected to increase in line with popula
tion growth.
Expenditures for the wide variety of other
functions performed by State and local gov
ernments are projected to increase at a rate
exceeding 7.5 percent a year to 1980 and take
a larger proportion of total government
spending than they do at present. Among these
functions are police and fire departments;
public libraries; legislative, judicial and execu
tive departments; and various inspection and
regulatory agencies. Important factors in the
increased rate of spending for this category
of State and local government spending are
welfare and antipoverty efforts which are pro
jected to require significant increases in expend
iture levels. Crime and its control, increase in
the size and quality of police forces, courts and
their expansion, and reform of correctional in
stitutions are increasingly receiving attention
and are expected to receive a much larger part
of State and local government resources in the
1970,s. Also important to the expansion of this
category is population growth and migration,
together with local requests for higher quality
public services. By 1980, State and local gov
ernment purchases of goods and services to
meet these varied demands are projected at
over $36 billion.
Final demand by input-output sectors
In the preceding discussion the demand for
goods and services generally has been pre
sented from the point of view of the final user.
This is in accord with the presentation of the
national income and product data and is the
form in which the 1980 projections were made.
There is, however, an additional important
step in the projections procedure. For use in
the input-output system, the final demands for
17
Employee com pensation and other c u rre n t expend
itu res are offset ag a in st income, and the resu ltin g su r
plus or deficit is entered on the income side of the
en terprise account.
Table 20.
Sector composition of 1980 projects
I n d u s t r y n u m b e r a n d title
I n d u s t r y n u m b e r a n d t itle
A g r ic u ltu r a l, fo r e s t r y , a n d fis h e r ie s :
1.
L iv e s t o c k a n d liv e s to c k p r o d u c ts
2.
O th e r a g r ic u ltu r a l p r o d u c ts
3.
F o r e s t r y a n d fis h e r y p r o d u c ts
4.
A g r i c u l t u r a l , f o r e s t r y , a n d fis h e r i e s s e r v i c e s
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
M in in g :
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Ir o n a n d fe r r o a llo y o res m in in g
N o n fe r r o u s m e ta l ores m in in g
C oal m in in g
C r u d e p e t r o le u m a n d n a tu r a l g a s
S to n e a n d c la y m in in g a n d q u a r r y in g
C h e m ic a l a n d f e r t iliz e r m in e r a l m in in g
C o n s tr u c tio n :
11.
12.
N e w c o n s tr u c tio n
M a in te n a n c e a n d r e p a ir c o n s tr u c tio n
M a n u fa c tu r in g :
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r ie s
F o o d a n d k in d r e d p r o d u c ts
T o b a c co m a n u fa c tu r e s
B r o a d a n d n a r r o w f a b r ic s , y a r n a n d th r e a d m ills
M i s c e l l a n e o u s t e x t i l e g o o d s a n d flo o r c o v e r i n g s
A pparel
M is c e lla n e o u s fa b r ic a t e d t e x t ile p r o d u c ts
L u m b e r a n d w o o d p r o d u c ts , e x c e p t c o n ta in e r s
W o o d e n c o n ta in e r s
H o u s e h o ld f u r n it u r e
O th e r fu r n itu r e a n d fix tu r e s
P a p e r a n d a lli e d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t c o n t a i n e r s a n d b o x e s
P a p e r b o a r d c o n ta in e r s a n d b o x e s
P r in t in g a n d p u b lis h in g
C h e m ic a ls a n d se le c te d c h e m ic a l p r o d u c ts
P la s t ic s a n d s y n th e tic m a t e r ia ls
D r u g s , c le a n in g , a n d to ile t p r e p a r a tio n s
P a i n t s a n d a lli e d p r o d u c t s
P e t r o le u m r e fin in g a n d r e la te d in d u s tr ie s
R u b b e r a n d m is c e lla n e o u s p la s t ic s p r o d u c ts
L e a t h e r t a n n i n g a n d in d u s tr ia l le a th e r p r o d u c ts
F o o t w e a r a n d o th e r le a th e r p r o d u c ts
G la ss a n d g la s s p r o d u c ts
S to n e a n d c la y p r o d u c ts
P r i m a r y ir o n a n d ste e l m a n u f a c t u r in g
P r im a r y n o n fe r r o u s m e ta ls m a n u fa c tu r in g
M e ta l c o n ta in e r s
H e a t in g , p lu m b in g , a n d fa b r ic a t e d s tr u c tu r a l m e ta l p ro d u c ts
S c r e w m a c h i n e p r o d u c t s , b o l t s , n u t s , e t c ., a n d m e t a l s t a m p
in g s
O th e r fa b r ic a te d m e ta l p r o d u c ts
E n g in e s a n d tu r b in e s
F a r m m a c h in e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t
C o n s t r u c t i o n , m i n i n g , o il fie ld m a c h i n e r y a n d e q u i p m e n t
M a t e r ia ls h a n d lin g m a c h in e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t
M e ta lw o r k in g m a c h in e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t
S p e c ia l in d u s tr y m a c h i n e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t
goods and services must be restated in terms of
the demand for the output of each sector or in
dustry. A complete listing of the input-output
sectors is presented in table 20 and is identical
to the classification system in the 1958 inputoutput study.18
Available data on the consumption by final
users usually is presented for a homogeneous
group of products or services which, in fact,
may be produced in more than one sector. Fur
ther, the price to the final user—purchasers'
value—includes the cost of transportation,
trade, and insurance; when translated into de
mands by industry these margins are demands
for the transportation, and trade and insurance
industries respectively, and the demand for the
producing industries is only the value of the
product as it leaves that industry—producers
value.
63.
64.
G e n e r a l in d u s tr ia l m a c h i n e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t
M a c h in e sh o p p r o d u c ts
O flic e , c o m p u t i n g , a n d a c c o u n t i n g m a c h i n e s
S e r v ic e in d u s tr y m a c h in e s
E le c t r ic t r a n s m is s io n a n d d is tr ib u tio n e q u ip m e n t, a n d e le c tr i
c a l in d u s tr ia l a p p a r a tu s
H o u s e h o ld a p p lia n c e s
E le c t r ic lig h t in g a n d w ir in g e q u ip m e n t
R a d io , t e le v is io n , a n d c o m m u n ic a t io n e q u ip m e n t
E le c t r o n ic c o m p o n e n t s a n d a c c e s s o r ie s
M is c e lla n e o u s e le c tr ic a l m a c h i n e r y , e q u ip m e n t, a n d s u p p lie s
M o t o r v e h i c le s a n d e q u i p m e n t
A ir c r a ft an d p a rts
O th e r t r a n s p o r ta tio n e q u ip m e n t
P r o fe s s io n a l, s c ie n tific , a n d c o n t r o llin g in s tr u m e n ts a n d s u p
p li e s
O p t ic a l, o p h t h a lm ic , a n d p h o t o g r a p h ic e q u ip m e n t a n d s u p p lie s
M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g
T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , e le c tr ic , g a s , s a n it a r y s e r v ic e s :
65.
T r a n s p o r ta tio n a n d w a r e h o u s in g
66.
C o m m u n ic a t io n s , e x c e p t r a d io a n d T V b r o a d c a s t in g
67.
R a d io a n d T V b r o a d c a s t in g
68.
E le c t r ic , g a s , w a t e r , a n d s a n it a r y se r v ic e s
W h o le s a le a n d r e ta il t r a d e :
69.
W h o le s a le a n d r e ta il tr a d e
F in a n c e , in su ra n ce , a n d rea l e s t a t e :
70.
F in a n c e a n d in s u r a n c e
71.
R e a l e sta te a n d r e n ta l
S e r v ic e s :
72.
H o t e ls a n d lo d g in g p la c e s ; p e r s o n a l a n d r e p a ir s e r v ic e s ,
c e p t a u to m o b ile p a r ts
73.
B u s in e s s s e r v ic e s
74.
R e s e a r c h a n d d e v e lo p m e n t
75.
A u t o m o b ile r e p a ir a n d s e r v ic e s
76.
A m u sem e n ts
77.
M e d ic a l, e d u c a tio n a l s e r v ic e s , a n d n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a t io n s
ex
G o v e rn m en t e n te r p r is e s :
78.
F e d e r a l g o v e r n m e n t e n te r p r is e s
79.
S t a t e a n d lo c a l g o v e r n m e n t e n t e r p r is e s
Im p o rts:
80.
G r o s s im p o r t s o f g o o d s a n d s e r v ic e s
Dum
81.
82.
83.
m y in d u s tr ie s :
B u s in e s s t r a v e l, e n t e r ta in m e n t , a n d g i f t s
O ffic e s u p p l i e s
S c ra p , u sed an d seco n d h a n d go o d s
S p e c ia l in d u s t r ie s :
84.
G o v e r n m e n t in d u str y
85.
R e s t o f w o r ld i n d u s t r y
86.
H o u s e h o ld i n d u s t r y
To illustrate the change in the arrangement
of the data, personal consumption expenditures
demand is projected for the category shoes and
other footwear which is then distributed into
demands for the output of industry 32, rubber
and miscellaneous products; industry 34, foot
wear and other leather products; and industry
80, imports. These demands are then adjusted
to producers' values, and the appropriate mar
gins are added to the demands for the trans
portation, trade, and insurance sectors, respec-
18 The 1958 in p u t-o u tp u t tables w ere p rep ared by the
Office of Business Economics and published in the
Survey of Current Business, November 1964 and Sep
tem ber 1965. The Office of Business Economics has
recently completed an in p u t-o u tp u t study fo r 1963; a
sum m ary of th is w ork ap p ears in the November 1969
issue of the Survey of Current Business.
27
tively. Similarly, State and local government
expenditures on elementary education is pro
jected on the basis of expected demand for this
service. This projection is then distributed into
three parts: construction, compensation, and
all other. The first part becomes the demand
for industry 11, new construction; the second
is demand for industry 84, government indus
try; and the all other category is further dis
tributed among all the industries supplying
goods and services to elementary schools, with
appropriate margins adjustments to arrive at
producers' value by sector.
In a final step, the producers' value of final
demand for each sector is assembled from all
sources—personal consumption expenditures,
gross private domestic investment, exports,
28
and Federal and State and local government—
into a single set of industry demands. The total
value of these industry demands is equal to the
total value of the demands by final users, of
course, and when reduced by the value of im
ports is equivalent to GNP.
The methods used in the projection of final
demands and their translation into the inputoutput framework is discussed in greater detail
in appendix A. The final demands in producers'
value by input-output sectors for total GNP
and its major components are shown in appen
dix D, tables D -l through D-8. The industry
demands, together with the 1980 coefficients
matrix, form the basis for the projected indus
try outputs. These topics are discussed in the
following chapter.
Chapter IV .
Projected Industry Output, O u p u t Per M a n -H o u r and Em ploym ent
In previous chapters, the discussion centered
first on the factors used in determining poten
tial output; next, on the structure of gross na
tional product with respect to its major compo
nents ; and finally, on the industry structure of
each of these components. Each of these sub
jects provided necessary background for the
discussions in this chapter on industry output,
productivity, and employment. Before proceed
ing to these topics, another factor—the inputoutput coefficients which play a key role—must
be examined.
Projection of input-output coefficients
The projections to 1980 of final demand by
industry, discussed in chapter III, determine in
part the projected levels of output by industry.
Output levels of each industry depend as well
upon the input-output coefficients and these,
also, were projected to 1980.
Input-output coefficients reflect the relation
ships between producing and consuming indus
tries. Any particular coefficient is the ratio of
purchases from a producing industry to the
total output of the consuming industry, i.e., the
purchases required per dollar of output. As the
relationships between industries change over
time—and more or less of certain inputs are
required per dollar of output—the coefficients
also change and these changes must be pro
jected.
A change in a coefficient affects both the
industry in which the change takes place and
the industry which produces the intermediate
good or service. Similarly, in projecting the
input-output coefficients to 1980, two alternative
approaches were utilized. The first approach
consisted of detailed analyses of the input struc
tures of industries. In the second method an
aggregative technique was used to adjust the
coefficients from the point of view of the indus
try as a seller of output to other industries.19
This latter point of view of the industry as a
seller of output is the focal point of the discus
sion in this section.
Table 21 presents one measure of the net ef
fect of the coefficient projections on the prod
ucing industries. The index of coefficient
change for each industry is the ratio between
that industry’s intermediate output (assuming
1965 input-output coefficients) and the inter
mediate output (using 1980 coefficients), when
both sets of coefficients are weighted by the
1980 industry output levels. An industry’s
index of change does not show how much the
intermediate output of that industry actually is
projected to increase or decrease; this change
in intermediate output depends upon the
growth rates of output of the consuming indus
tries as well as the projected coefficient
changes. The index for an industry does indi
cate whether the use of that industry’s output
is increasing or decreasing, on the average, per
dollar of the consuming industries outputs
from the point of view of a 1980 output distri
bution.
As noted above, input-output coefficients re
flect relationships between producing and con
suming industries and as these relationships
change over time, the coefficients also change.
There are several kinds of change in the rela
tionship between industries which may be
translated into a change in coefficients. The
most notable of these is technological change
whereby new or modified materials and proces
ses are introduced into the production stream.
Product mix change is another important cause
of coefficient change; if the outputs of the
products made by an industry change at differ
ent rates, then the input coefficients for the en
tire sector may also change. Price competition
can also be the source of coefficient change; if
the relative prices in two industries producing
competitive products change, the relatively
cheaper product may be substituted for the
more expensive product.
The index of coefficient change for an indus
try as shown in table 21 may have resulted
from one or more than one of the sources of
coefficient change. The following paragraphs
19 These two techniques a re described in detail in
appendix A. Also presented in appendix A are the
m athem atical techniques necessary fo r m anipulation
of the in p u t-o u tp u t system.
29
present a few of the basic considerations which
were important in modifying the coefficients
in selected industries.
The decline in the forestry and fishery prod
ucts industry is primarily a function of the in
creased processing of wood in the consumer in
dustries, i.e., plywood, structural wood parts,
etc. Increased fabrication of wood parts and
components has the effect of making the stumpage input produced by the forestry component
of this sector a smaller part of the total inputs
of the wood processing industries, and thus re
sulted in the decline shown in table 21.
A projected increase in the use of atomic
power in addition to general declines in the
uses of coal resulted in a substantial decrease
in the coefficient ratio shown for the coal min
ing industry. However, in terms of absolute
tonnage consumption, the 1980 estimate ex
ceeds the 1965 use. The historical decline in
coal used per kilowatt generated has slowed as
Table 21.
the physical limit of this process is being ap
proached.
The index for wooden containers shows a
very pronounced decrease. This reflects the
projected long-term decline of this industry
due to inroads of competitive packaging mate
rials. The chemical industry’s small change is
a result of relatively slow growth in basic chem
icals, in part offset by more rapidly growing
sales to selected customers such as agriculture
(fertilizers and insecticides) and plastics and
synthetics (raw materials for the manufacture
of primary plastics and synthetics).
Increased use of synthetic materials is re
flected in the coefficient ratios of those indus
tries associated with these products. These in
dustries are the plastic and synthetic materials
and the rubber and miscellaneous plastic prod
ucts industry, a producer of a wide range of
fabricated products. On the other hand, the
leather tanning industry shows a decline; this
Index of coefficient change, 1965-801
[1 9 6 5 = 1 0 0 ]
I n d u s t r y n u m b e r a n d t itle
I n d e x o f c o e ffi
c ie n t c h a n g e ,
1 9 6 5 -8 0
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
L i v e s t o c k a n d l i v e s t o c k p r o d u c t s _________________
O t h e r a g r i c u l t u r a l p r o d u c t s _________________________
F o re stry
and
fis h e r y
p ro d u c ts
___________________
A g r i c u l t u r a l , f o r e s t r y , a n d f i s h e r y s e r v i c e s _____
I r o n a n d f e r r o a l l o y o r e s m i n i n g _________________
N o n fe r r o u s m e ta l o re s m in in g
_____________________
C oal
m in in g
_______________________________________________
C r u d e p e t r o l e u m a n d n a t u r a l g a s ________________
S t o n e a n d c l a y m i n i n g a n d q u a r r y i n g ________
C h e m ic a l a n d fe r t iliz e r m in e r a l m i n i n g
_______
N ew
c o n s tr u c tio n 2
______________________________________
__________
M a in te n a n c e a n d r e p a ir c o n s tr u c tio n
O rd nan ce
and
a c c e s s o r ie s
___________________________
F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s _________________________
Tobacco
m a n u fa c tu re s
_________________________________
B rq a d a n d n a r r o w fa b r ic s , y a r n
a n d th r e a d
♦ m ills ___ <-____________________________________________________
9 3 .6
9 3 .6
8 7 .3
9 1 .6
1 0 1 .7
9 8 .3
6 4 .9
9 4 .7
9 9 .9
1 0 8 .2
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
M i s c e l l a n e o u s t e x t i l e g o o d s a n d flo o r c o v e r i n g s
A p parel
_______________________________________________________
M i s c e l l a n e o u s f a b r i c a t e d t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s _______
L u m b e r a n d w o o d p r o d u c ts , e x c e p t c o n ta in e r s
W ooden
c o n ta in e r s
_____________________________________
H o u s e h o ld
fu r n itu r e
____________________________________
O t h e r f u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ________________________
P a p e r a n d a lli e d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t c o n t a i n e r s __
P a p e r b o a r d c o n t a i n e r s a n d b o x e s ________________
P r in t in g a n d p u b lis h in g
______________________________
C h e m i c a l s a n d s e l e c t e d c h e m i c a l p r o d u c t s _____
P la s t ic s
a n d ^ s y n th e tic
m a te r ia ls
________________
D r u g s , c le a n in g , a n d t o ile t p r e p a r a t io n s
___
P a i n t s a n d a lli e d p r o d u c t s ___________________________
P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g a n d r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ___
R u b b e r a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s __
L e a t h e r t a n n i n g a n d in d u s tr ia l le a th e r p r o d u c ts
F o o t w e a r a n d o t h e r l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ___________
G l a s s a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ____________________________
S t o n e a n d c l a y p r o d u c t s ______________________________
P r i m a r y i r o n a n d s t e e l m a n u f a c t u r i n g __________
P r im a r y n o n fe r r o u s m e ta ls m a n u fa c tu r in g
__
M e ta l c o n ta in e r s
----------------------------------------------------------------H e a tin g , p lu m b in g a n d s tru c tu r a l m e ta l
p r o d u c ts
___________________________________________________
S t a m p in g s , s c r e w m a c h in e p r o d u c ts a n d b o lts
O th e r fa b r ic a te d
m e ta l p ro d u c ts
________________
8 6 .2
9 8 .1
9 9 .6
9 1 .5
5 8 .4
7 9 .5
1 0 7 .0
9 7 .7
9 7 .1
8 0 .6
1 0 1 .5
1 3 2 .9
1 2 3 .4
1 0 4 .2
8 6 .7
1 3 5 .0
7 4 .7
1 1 5 .5
8 9 .6
1 0 3 .6
7 8 .0
1 0 6 .9
9 2 .9
41.
42.
7 4 .1
1 1 2 .3
1 0 5 .2
9 8 .3
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
1 0 0 .1
1 0 2 .2
8 9 .7
9 5 .0
1 T h e i n d e x o f c o e f f i c i e n t c h a n g e f o r e a c h i n d u s t r y is t h e r a t i o
b e t w e e n t h a t i n d u s t r y ’ s i n t e r m e d i a t e o u t p u t u s i n g 1 9 6 5 c o e ffic ie n ts
a n d t h e i n t e r m e d i a t e o u t p u t u s i n g 1 9 8 0 c o e f f ic ie n t s , w h e n b o t h s e t s
o f c o e ffic ie n ts a r e w e ig h t e d b y t h e 1 9 8 0 in d u s tr y o u t p u t le v e ls . T h e
30
I n d u s t r y n u m b e r a n d t itle
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
E n g in e s a n d tu r b in e s
__
_
------------------------ ---F a r m m a c h in e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t C o n s t r u c t i o n , m i n i n g , a n d o il fie ld m a c h i n e r y
M a t e r ia ls h a n d lin g m a c h in e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t M e ta lw o r k in g m a c h in e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t _
S p e c ia l in d u s tr y m a c h i n e r y a n d e q u ip m e n t
G e n e r a l in d u s tr ia l m a c h i n e r y a n d e q u i p m e n t -_
M a c h in e sh o p
p r o d u c ts
_ _
- ...
_ .. _
_
O ffic e , c o m p u t i n g , a n d
a c c o u n tin g
m a c h in e sS e r v ic e in d u s tr y m a c h in e s
_ . _.
E l e c t r i c i n d u s t r i a l e q u i p m e n t a n d a p p a r a t u s __
H o u s e h o ld a p p lia n c e s
________ _________
E l e c t r i c l i g h t i n g a n d w i r i n g e q u i p m e n t ___ ___
R a d io , t e le v is io n , a n d c o m m u n ic a t io n e q u ip m e n t
E le c tr o n ic
c o m p o n e n ts
and
a c c e s s o r ie s
M is c e lla n e o u s
e le c tr ic a l
m a c h in e ry
and
e q u ip m e n t
______ . _
_________________________
M o to r
v e h i c le s
and
e q u ip m e n t
A ir c r a ft
and
p a r ts
_____ ___
_ _ _ _______
_ __
O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t _____
S c ie n tific a n d
c o n tr o llin g
in str u m e n ts
_
O p tic a l, o p h th a lm ic , a n d p h o t o g r a p h ic
e q u ip m e n t
_____ _
______________________________
M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g - - ________ ___
__ _
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n a n d w a r e h o u s i n g __ ------------------ _
C o m m u n ic a tio n s ; e x c e p t b r o a d c a s tin g
R a d io a n d te le v is io n b r o a d c a s t in g
E l e c t r i c , g a s , w a t e r , a n d s a n i t a r y s e r v i c e s __
W h o le s a le a n d r e ta il t r a d e
______
_ _ _
F in a n c e a n d in s u r a n c e
___ ___
____________________
R e a l e sta te a n d r e n ta l
_ _ _
________ ___
H o t e ls ; p e r s o n a l a n d r e p a ir s e r v ic e s ,
e x c e p t a u t o . . . __
______ _______ ____________ ______
B u s in e s s s e r v ic e s _
_______
_
-------- ---- --------R e s e a r c h a n d d e v e l o p m e n t ___ ___
___ ___
A u t o m o b ile
r e p a ir
and
s e r v ic e s
_.
_____
A m u sem e n ts
_____ __
_______
_
_____ ___
M e d ic a l,
e d u c a tio n a l
and
n o n p r o fit
o r g a n i z a t i o n s __________ _ ___________ ________________
F ederal
G o v e r n m e n t e n te r p r is e s
______
S t a t e a n d lo c a l g o v e r n m e n t e n t e r p r is e s
G r o s s im p o r t s o f g o o d s a n d s e r v ic e s
.
B u s in e s s tr a v e l, e n t e r ta in m e n t , a n d g i f t s
___
O ffic e s u p p l i e s
--------------- _
-------------------- ----------
I n d e x o f c o e ffi
c ie n t c h a n g e ,
1 9 6 5 -8 0
9 3 .5
8 1 .1
8 6 .2
9 7 .3
8 6 .6
1 1 4 .1
9 5 .2
1 1 5 .6
1 3 9 .4
1 5 9 .4
1 0 4 .6
1 0 0 .4
1 0 0 .2
1 1 5 .5
1 4 3 .4
1 2 2 .4
9 8 .0
9 5 .4
7 5 .0
1 1 3 .4
1 4 8 .1
1 0 3 .5
9 2 .9
1 4 4 .3
5 2 .8
1 4 6 .1
1 2 2 .6
9 6 .0
7 8 .8
1 0 6 .7
1 2 8 .5
1 2 5 .8
1 1 6 .9
1 1 6 .0
9 8 .5
9 4 .2
9 3 .5
1 2 6 .7
7 3 .5
1 2 2 .5
i n t e r m e d i a t e o u t p u t o f a n i n d u s t r y is t h a t p a r t o f i t s t o t a l
c o n s u m e d b y a ll i n t e r m e d i a t e i n d u s t r i e s .
2 N e w c o n s t r u c tio n h a s n o c o e ffic ie n ts s in c e n o n e o f it s
is s o ld f o r i n t e r m e d i a t e c o n s u m p t i o n .
o u tp u t
o u tp u t
exemplifies the effect of the increased use of
synthetic materials on older materials—in this
case leather.
The primary iron and steel industry exem
plifies two movements in technology and mate
rial use. First, increased competition from
other materials has resulted in substitution.
An example of this is the projected increase in
aluminum, plastics, and fibre-board to replace
steel in the manufacture of tin cans. Second,
improved steels and better design concepts have
decreased the quantity of steel per unit of
product. In the case of tin cans, thinner steels
permit a lesser total tonnage of steel per can.
These trends are assumed to continue.
The ratio of coefficients for the nonferrous
metals industry stands in contrast to that of
primary iron and steel. Two distinct trends are
present in this industry. First, aluminum, the
largest single component, is assumed to con
tinue its relatively high growth into other
markets. Other nonferrous metals are pre
sumed to grow but at considerably lesser rates.
These projections have the effect of moderat
ing the total nonferrous industry so that the
total industry coefficients continues to grow at
a rate only slightly faster than its consuming
industries.
The very high growth rate of the office, com
puting, and accounting machines industry,
arises from its position as manufacturer of a
product which is rapidly becoming a basic ne
cessity for all modern organizations, business
and government. In economic terms, two types
of computer transactions are discernable—the
manufacture and the use. In input-output analy
sis a computer purchased by the final user is
capital investment. However, if the computer
use is obtained by rental or use fees the owning
company usually has the costs of operation and
the user pays a fee which becomes another in
put-output transaction. In fact, this industry
sells finished equipment to the capital accounts
of both final users and leasing or computer use
businesses. The increased coefficient for this
sector reflects the projected growth of mainte
nance and repair and of the software required
by the projected rapid expansion of computers.
The projected increase for the service ma
chines industry, results from the projected in
crease in air conditioning equipment, an impor
tant product of this industry.
The coefficient ratio for the electronic com
ponents and accessories industry shows an in
crease as its increasingly sophisticated prod
ucts replace other inputs or components in the
communications and television manufacturing
sectors.
A situation similar to that of computers
arises with respect to the output of the optical,
ophthalmic, and photographic equipment in
dustry, which produces the equipment for the
rapidly growing copying machine market. The
machines are sold as capital equipment, some
to final users and the remainder to the trade
sector and business services sector. These sec
tors sell the services of the machines to other
industries, thereby increasing their own inter
mediate outputs.
The rapid general increase of energy use in
the form of electric and gas is assumed to con
tinue as the increased ratio shows. Histori
cally, this growth has been rapid and there are
no signs of slackening.
Sector distribution of real output
Economic growth in terms of real gross na
tional output between 1965 and 1980 is pro
jected at 4.3 percent in the basic models. In
order to compare sector growth rates in rela
tion to the overall gross national product
growth rate, a percent distribution of gross
product originating 20 by major sector is used.
The comparison of these relative movements is
shown in table 22 which provides an indication
of the relative shifts in the output of the major
sectors from 1955 to 1968 and as projected for
1980.
In general the distribution of sector output
over time has been marked by fairly definite
long-term trends. On one hand, the decline in
the share of output of agriculture, mining, and
construction has been quite steady. Govern
ment and government enterprises share of
gross output has had an historical decline in
terrupted only by a slight upturn during the
1965-68 period, largely because of the Viet
Nam war. At the same time, increases have oc20
Gross product originating is the net contribution or
value added by each sector toward the total gross na
tional product. It is also the deflated sum of the
factor payments by each sector.
31
Table 22.
Distribution of gross product originating, selected years and projected 1980
[In percent]
1980
Basic models
1950
1957
1963
1965
1967
1968
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
5.7
3.0
4.6
29.7
4.8
3.0
4.7
29.7
4.4
2.5
4.0
29.5
4.0
2.4
3.8
30.8
3.7
2.4
3.4
30.5
3.5
2.3
3.4
31.2
3.2
2.0
3.5
30.3
3.2
2.0
3.5
30.3
8.7
17.0
9.1
16.6
9.4
16.8
9.6
17.0
9.9
16.9
9.9
16.9
11.2
17.4
11.2
17.4
11.5
9.3
12.6
9.2
13.5
9.5
13.5
9.3
13.5
9.4
13.5
9.3
14.8
9.6
14.8
9.6
10.1
.4
10.4
-.1
9.8
.6
9.4
.2
9.7
.6
9.7
.2
7.9
.2
7.9
.2
3 percent
Total ______________________
Agriculture, forestry and
fisheries
__
_
—
Mining
------— __ ----------------Construction _
_____ ____
M anufacturing--------------- -------Transportation, communication
and public utilities _ _
—
Trade _ ________________
. __
Finance, insurance and
real estate _ __ __ ______ __
Services __ ____ __
_ _ _________
Government and Government
enterprises ______ _____________
_ _ ________
Other1 _____ __
4 percent
1 Includes rest of the world and statistical residual.
Source: Historical data are from the Office of Business Econo-
mics, U.S. Department of Commerce. Projections are by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.
curred in the transportation and public utili
ties categories, and in the finance, and real es
tate sectors. The manufacturing, trade, and
services sectors’ share of output has moved
only within a very narrow range. The projec
tions continue past trends except for a halt in
the downward slide in the share of the con
struction sector. For government the projec
tions continue its long term decline prevalent
before Viet Nam.
tors has furnished the U.S. economy with a dy
namic new factor in the post-war period. Com
puter production now dominates the office,
computing, and accounting machines industry,
the result of having multiplied its output sev
eral times over during the last decade. In the
last few years computer output has grown at
the staggering rate of nearly 40 percent a year.
Based on past performance, together with an
expected growth of computer use in communi
cations and data transmission—and even a pos
sible introduction into the consumer market—
the projected growth rate of this industry will
remain extremely high through the 1970’s.
As was the case with office, computing, and
accounting machines, the other sectors in the
fastest growing group are those which have
experienced high growth rates in the recent
past; none of the projected high-growth in
dustries moved up out of the more slowly
growing groups. However, in a number of
sectors, the projected rate of output growth dif
fers considerably from past growth rates. The
P r o je c te d
In d u stry
O u tp u t
G r o w th
R a tes.
Moving from the viewpoint of major sectors to
a consideration of the detailed input-output in
dustries, the projected average annual rates of
change in domestic output21 vary from a slight
decline to a growth of more than 10 percent a
year. Office, computing, and accounting ma
chines is the most rapidly growing industry.22
In addition to computers, the industries project
ed to grow most rapidly are optical, ophthalmic,
and photographic equipment and supplies
(which includes photocopying equipment);
electronic components and supplies; communi
cations; and plastics and synthetic materials.
The six industries with the next fastest pro
jected growth rates are electric, gas, water,
and sanitary services; service industry ma
chines (which include air conditioning equip
ment) ; rubber and miscellaneous plastics prod
ucts; business services; radio, television, and
communications equipment; and chemical and
fertilizer mineral mining. (See chart.)
The introduction and rapid assimilation of
computers and computer technology into the
operations of both the private and public sec
32
21 The measure of output at the detailed industry level
is gross duplicated output rather than gross product
originating. Gross duplicated output includes the value
of an industries, shipments plus those products which
are primary to its output but made as secondary prod
ucts in other sectors. Gross duplicated output differs
from gross output originating in that it includes
cost of materials and secondary products made in
other sectors of an industry in addition to its value
added.
22 See appendix table D -9 for output growth rates
for all 82 industries.
A v e r a g e A n n u a l G ro w t h R a te s of Fastest G r o w in g Industries, 1 9 65 -80
PERCEN T
0
INDUSTRY
Office computing and accounting machines
Optical, Ophthalmic and photographic
equipment
Electronic Components and accessories
Communications; except radio and TV
broadcasting
Plastics and synthetic materials
Electric, gas, water and sanitary services
Service industry machines
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Business services
Radio, television and communication
equipment
Chemical and fertilizer mineral mining
Drugs, cleaning, and toilet preparations
Research and development
co
co
2
4
6
8
10
12
Table 23.
Industries projected to grow most rapidly in output, 1965-80
Projected average annual
growth rate in output1
basic models
Sector
Industry
3-percent
unemployment
51.
63.
57.
66.
28.
68.
52.
32.
73.
56.
10.
29.
74.
Office computing and accounting machines
__
- ____ ____ __
--Optical, ophthalmic and photographic equipment ______ ______ _ _ _ .
___
Electronic components and accessories
____ ________ _ ______ ____ __ _
Communications: except radio and T V broadcasting __ _______ . _ _ _
___
Plastics and synthetic materials
_ _ _ _ __
_______ . _
_ __ _ _ ____ ____
Electric, gas, water and sanitary services ____ ______
____ _____
_ ____
Service industry machines _ _
____
_________________ __________________
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
__ __ _
_. _ _ _
Business services
_ _ _ ------ - _ _ -------- _ -------- -------------------_ --------Radio, television and communication equipment ----------------- _ _
_.
__ Chemical and fertilizer mineral mining
—
------ ------------------------------— _
Drugs, cleaning, and toilet preparations
__ ______ ______
______
______
Research and development____ ______ ______ . _ _______ __
______
____
4-percent
unemployment
10.3
8.8
8.4
7.0
6.8
6.7
6.5
6.3
6.3
6.2
6.0
6.0
6.0
10.2
8.8
8.4
6.9
6.7
6.6
6.4
6.2
6.2
6.1
5.9
5.9
5.9
1 Output growth is change in real terms of gross duplicated out
put.
differences are discussed in the following sec
tion.
Industries whose growth rate in output is
projected at least 1 percent higher than histor
ical rates include the coal industry which has
recovered somewhat in recent years from a
very low rate of growth. Some of the expected
gain in the projected rate of increase for coal
is due to demand in the international market.
However, by 1975 nuclear energy is expected to
have made significant inroads into fossil fuel
power generation. The result will be that the
rate of growth in the latter part of the pro
jected period will be slower than in the earlier
years.
Significant increases in rate of growth are
expected for new construction. Its projected
strength comes from the increases in residen
tial housing in the 1970’s, the continued
strength of State and local government con
struction, and strong demand from certain seg
Table 24.
Industries with significant changes in projected output growth rates 1
Industries with rates 1.0 percentage point
below 1957-65 rates
12
17
28
29
32
49
54
56
57
59
61
67
74
ments of nonresidential construction, particu
larly commercial and office structures. Corre
sponding to the increased growth in the new
construction industry itself is the faster pace
projected for the industries which supply con
struction materials, particularly fabricated
structual products, stone and clay building ma
terials, construction machinery, and to some
extent, the metals and lumber areas.
Other industries projected to show higher
growth than their past rates include the mis
cellaneous electrical machinery and supplies
industry. The accelerated growth in this indus
try stems from increasing battery use in a
wide range of industrial and consumer applica
tions. The transportation sector also will grow
faster than it has in the past. Contributing fac
tors to its growth include a continuing increase
in air travel, the burgeoning air cargo busi
ness, and the continued strength of trucking.
Since the railroad industry seems to have
Maintenance and repair construction
Miscellaneous fabricated textile products
Plastics and synthetic materials
Drugs, cleaning, and toilet preparations
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
General industrial machinery and equipment
Household appliances
Radio, television and communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Motor vehicles and equipment
Other transportation equipment
Radio and television broadcasting
Research and development
Industries with rates 1.0 percentage point
above 1957-65 rates
1 Livestock and livestock products
6 Nonferrous metal ores mining
7 Coal mining
8 Crude petroleum and natural gas
13 Ordnance and accessories
22 Household furniture
38 Primary nonferrous metals manufacturing
40 Heating, plumbing, and structural metal products
41 Stampings, screw machine products and bolts
45 Construction, mining and oil field machinery
53 Electric industrial equipment and apparatus
58 Miscellaneous electrical machinery and supplies
60 Aircraft and parts
62 Scientific and controlling instruments
63 Optical, ophthalmic and photographic equipment
65 Transportation and warehousing
68 Electric, gas, water, and sanitary services
73 Business services
76 Amusements
1 Industries not shown on this table have projected growth inoutput less than 1.0 percent per year from their 1957-65 rates.
34
reached a low point, particularly in numbers of
passengers, it is expected to be less of a retard
ing factor in future transportation growth.
Another sector with a growth rate signifi
cantly higher than its past performance is the
amusement industry. Its projected growth will
be due to increased leisure, higher consumer
incomes, and the fact that the movie industry
—whose past decline has dampened the overall
growth of the sector—may be reaching its low
point.
Among the industries whose projected
growth rate to 1980 is at least one percent a
year lower than during the 1957-65 period is
the synthetic fibers industry. However, even
though projected to grow at a slower rate, the
industry is still in the group of fastest growing
sectors with a projected average annual rate of
growth of nearly 7 percent. Two other indus
tries with declining rates of growth but still
among the fastest growing are the radio, tele
vision, and communications industry and its
major supplier, the electronic components in
dustry. The former will decline from its
1957-65 rate of 9 percent a year to a projected
rate of just over 6 percent, and the latter will
decline from an annual rate of 15 percent to
between 8 and 9 percent growth in the projec
Table 25.
Range of projected rate of change in output per man-hour by industry, 1965-80
2.5 percent per year or less
3
4
11
12
18
19
23
33
34
35
40
41
44
45
46
47
49
55
60
61
67
70
73
74
76
77
tions. Their decline in terms of projected rates
of growth is based on two factors, one being
the partly subjective question of the sustaina
bility of extraordinarily high growth and the
other the more objective result of rather slow
growth in projected defense purchases of elec
tronics. However, the market potential re
mains strong for other products of these indus
tries, particularly color television receivers
and telephone equipment.
Isolating those industries for which pro
jected growth rates differ significantly from
past rates is generally an appropriate use of
growth rates. For some industries, compari
sons between historical years and a projected
year are influenced to a considerable degree by
the base year selected. Certain of the indus
tries designated as varying significantly from
their past rates would not stand out with the
selection of a different base year. For instance,
if the historical period had been 1947-65
rather than 1957-65, the miscellaneous textile
goods, general industrial machinery, household
appliances, and other transportation equip
ment industries would not show nearly as
much variation between the projected 1965-80
growth rates and their historical rates.
Just as important, if the 1957-68 reference
Forestry and fishery products
Agricultural, forestry and fishery
services
New construction
Maintenance and repair construction
Apparel t
Miscellaneous fabricated textile
products
Other furniture and fixtures
Leather tanning and industrial leather
products
Footwear and other leather
products
Glass and glass products
Heating, plumbing and structural
metal products
Stampings, screw machine products
and bolts
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction, mining and oil
field machinery
Materials handling machinery and
equipment
Metal working machinery and
equipment
General industrial machinery and
equipment
Electric lighting and wiring
equipment
Aircraft and parts
Other transportation equipment
Radio and television broadcasting
Finance and insurance
Business services
Research and development
Amusements
Medical, educational services
and nonprofit organizations
2.6 to 3.5 percent per year
13
14
22
24
25
26
29
30
32
36
37
38
39
42
43
48
50
52
53
54
59
62
65
69
72
75
3.6 percent per year or above
Ordnance and accessories
1 Livestock and livestock products
Food and kindred products
2 Other agricultural products
Household furniture
5 Iron and ferroalloy ores mining
Paper and allied products, except
6 Nonferrous metal ores mining
containers
7 Coal mining
Paperboard containers and boxes
8 Crude petroleum and natural gas
Printing and publishing
9 Stone and clay mining and quarrying
Drugs, cleaning, and toilet prepara
10 Chemical and fertilizer mineral
tions
mining
Paints and allied products
15 Tobacco manufactures
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics
16 Broad and narrow fabrics, yarn and
products
thread mills
Stone and clay products
17 Miscellaneous textile goods and floor
Primary iron and steel manufacturing
coverings
Primary nonferrous metals
20 Lumber and wood products, except
manufacturing
containers
Metal containers
21 Wood containers
Other fabricated metal products
27 Chemicals and selected chemical
Engines and turbines
products
Special industry machinery and
28 Plastics and synthetic materials
equipment
31 Petroleum refining and related
Machine shop products
industries
Services industry machines
51 Office, computing and accounting
Electric industrial equipment and
machines
apparatus
56 Radio, television and communication
Household appliances
equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
57 Electronic components and accessories
Scientific and controlling instruments
58 Miscellaneous electrical machinery
Transportation and warehousing
and supplies
Wholesale and retail trade
63 Optical, ophthalmic and photographic
Hotels; personal and repair services,
equipment
excluding auto
64 Miscellaneous manufacturing
Automobile repair and services
66 Communications; except broadcasting
Electric, gas, water and sanitary
68
services
71 Real estate and rental
35
period were used two sectors which are signifi
cantly affected by the Viet Nam war, ordnance
and aircraft and parts, would not appear on
this list of industries expected to increase their
output in the projected period.
In a related case, the motor vehicle industry
has a projected 1965-80 growth rate of 2.5 per
cent a year which appears low when compared
with average rates of the industry in the past.
However, it should be kept in mind that the
base year of 1965 represents a high point in
motor vehicle sales, which tends both to raise
the historical growth rate and lower the pro
jected rate. Thus, at an average annual growth
rate of 2.5 percent from 1965 the projected
output of the industry, translated into units,
implies sales of between 14 and 15 million do
mestically produced motor vehicles in 1980.
Output per man-hour
Basic steps in creating a growth model of
the type described in this report include devel
oping a set of demand projections and deriving
a consistent set of input-output coefficients.
Using these elements the input-output mecha
nism generates industry output levels, dis
cussed above in terms of their growth rates. In
the final stage of this model the projected
growth rates in terms of output are translated
into equivalent 1980 employment levels.23 In
order to take this final step, projections of in
dustry productivity are required.
Projections of productivity followed two
basic approaches: regression analysis was
used in one approach, and the other was based
upon past trends for selected time periods. For
most industries, the productivity changes pro
jected by using the regression equations did
not meet the tests of reasonableness and, there
fore, an alternative projection method was ne
cessary. For some industries, the productivity
associated with past periods was used when
the industry growth rate was similar to the
projected rate. In other cases, because of
changes in the rate of change in output, pro
jected productivity was selected by using an
historical sub-period when out put had risen
at a rate similar to the projected rate. Table
25 lists the industries in three groups by ranges
of projected average annual productivity
change.
36
Employment
A set of industry productivity projections
having been selected and the projections of
final demand and industry growth rates having
been used, an employment change between 1965
and 1980 was projected. This projected employ
ment change indicated an addition of between
24 and 25 million jobs under the assumptions
in the basic models, a rate of increase of 1.8 to
1.9 percent a year. This compares with a 1.3
percent increase a year in jobs in the 1950-65
period, while the rate for the more recent
1957-65 span has been 1.2 percent.
Projected shifts in employment among the
major sectors follow, to a considerable extent,
the pattern of past changes. Agriculture will
continue its long-term decline, both absolutely
and as a percent of total employment; mining,
although reasonably stable in the level of em
ployment, will continue to decline in its relative
share of total employment. Manufacturing’s
share of total employment is expected to dec
line somewhat in the 1965-80 period as is that
of transportation and of public utilities.
Wholesale and retail trade as well as contract
construction will show large gains in absolute
numbers of employees, although they will re
main relatively constant as a proportion of
total employment. The sectors projected to
increase their share of total employment over
the 1965 proportions are services and govern
ment. Table 26 shows the levels of industry
employment and a percent distribution for se
lected historical years and projected 1980.
The shifts in employment projected for
major sectors are more pronounced than the
changes in the distribution of output; for ex23
An interindustry employment table can be created
from which industry employment estimates can be de
rived directly. Such a table is created by combining an
input-output table of interindustry relations, which
shows the direct and indirect effect of changes in one
economic sector on all other sectors with estimates of
industry labor requirements per dollar of output. This
inter-industry employment table shows how much direct
and indirect employment is required in each industry
to produce one dollar of its final product. Then a
matrix multiplication of the employment table and
vector of sector final demands for goods and services
will produce estimates of industry employment re
quirements. Although this approach was not used
in these projections, the interested user will find a
1980 interindustry employment table in appendix D.
ample, the proportions of total employment in
cluded in agricultural and in mining will dec
line even more sharply than their respective
shares of total output. Although manufactur
ing’s portion of output will remain remark
ably stable, its share of employment is pro
jected to decline. On the other hand, services’
output will show only a modest increase as a
proportion of total output, but there will be a
pronounced increase in services’ employment
as a share of total employment table 27.
The larger shifts in sector employment rela
tive to sector output are a function of the
greater disparity in industry productivity rates
relative to industry output growth rates.24 In
line with past changes, the projected produc
tivities for agriculture, mining, and manufac
turing industries generally will be higher than
the private nonfarm average while those for
the service industries will tend to be lower.
tronic components (industry 57), rubber and
plastics products (industry 32), nonhousehold
furniture and fixtures (industry 23), service
industry machines (industry 52), and material
handling equipment (industry 46). (See table
28, page 39.)
The reasons associated with the high em
ployment growth in these industries vary. Em
ployment growth could reasonably stem from a
very high output growth, a very low productiv
ity growth, or a combination of the two. Of the
industries noted above, employment growth in
computing machines, electronic components,
rubber and plastics products, and nonhouse
hold furniture, seems clearly associated with
very high growth in projected output. In only
one of these industries—amusements—is em
ployment growth clearly associated with a
very low growth in productivity. Other sectors,
such as business services; medical, educational
and nonprofit services; and service industry
C hanges in in d u stry em p lo ym en t . A number
of individual industries will show very high
rates of growth in employment.25 These in
clude office and computing machines (industry
51), business services (industry 73), medical
and educational services (industry 77), elec
24 Similar conclusions were found in “ Factors Affect
ing Changes in Industry Employment” , by Ronald E.
Kutscher and Eva E. Jacobs, Monthly Labor Review,
April 1967, pp. 6-12.
25 Employment, historical and projected, for both
total employment and wage and salary employment is
shown in appendix D, tables D-10, -11, and -12.
Table 26.
Civilian employment1 by major sector, selected years and projected 1980
[Thousands of jobs]
1980
Sector
Total
_____________________
Agriculture, forestry and
fisheries
________ _ _ . _ _
__
Mining
Construction _____ - ______
Manufacturing _______
Durable
__
Nondurable _
_ __
Transportation, communica
tions and public utilities
Trade ____________________________
Finance, insurance and real
estate . _ _ .
_ _ ____
Services
_____
_____________
Government
-_
. . .
Households . . _
Total
_____________________
Agriculture, forestry and
fisheries
- __
_ _ _ ______
Mining
_ _ _
________
Construction _ _
__ __
Manufacturing _____ __
_____
Durable
- ..
____ _
Nondurable __
_ _________
Transportations, communications
and public utilities ______
_ .
Trade
__
__ _
____ _ _ _
Finance, insurance and
real estate
_ _ _____
Services _______
______ _______
Government __
____
Households
_
____ _
4-percent
basic model
1950
1957
1960
1965
1967
1968
3-percent
basic model
61,290
67,842
68,868
74,568
78,906
80,788
99,600
98,600
7,985
938
3,354
15,671
8,340
7,331
6,233
868
3,701
17,586
10,098
7,488
5,699
750
3,641
17,190
9,697
7,493
4,671
667
3,994
18,454
10,644
7,810
4,196
649
3,981
19,805
11,670
8,135
4,154
646
4,050
20,125
11,854
8,271
3,188
590
5,482
22,358
13,274
9,084
3,156
584
5,427
22,133
13,141
8,992
4,244
11,982
4,453
13,709
4,215
14,222
4,250
15,352
4,470
16,160
4,524
16,604
4,976
20,487
4,926
20,282
2,134
6,825
6,026
2,131
2,786
8,446
7,616
2,444
2,981
9,263
8,353
2,554
3,726
12,678
11,846
2,435
4,639
18,280
16,800
2,800
4,598
18,097
16,632
2,770
100.0
100.0
100.0
3,367
3,569
11,118
12,194
10,091
11,398
2,604
2,484
Percent distribution
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.0
1.5
5.5
25.6
13.6
12.0
9.2
1.3
5.5
25.9
14.9
11.0
8.3
1.1
5.3
25.0
14.1
10.9
6.3
0.9
5.4
24.7
14.3
10.5
5.3
0.8
5.0
25.1
14.8
10.3
5.1
0.8
5.0
24.9
14.7
10.2
3.2
0.6
5.5
22.4
13.3
9.1
3.2
0.6
5.5
22.4
13.3
9.1
6.9
19.5
6.6
20.2
6.1
20.7
5.7
20.6
5.7
20.5
5.6
20.6
5.0
20.6
5.0
20.6
3.5
11.1
9.8
3.5
4.1
12.4
11.2
3.6
4.3
13.5
12.1
3.7
4.5
14.9
13.5
3.5
4.5
15.5
14.4
3.2
4.6
15.7
14.7
3.0
4.7
18.4
16.9
2.8
4.7
18.4
16.9
2.8
1 Includes wage and salary employees, self-employed and unpaid family workers.
37
Table 27.
Annual rate of change1 in civilian employment2 by major sector
Sector
Projected 1965-80
basic models
1950-65
1957-65
1965-68
3-percent
unemployment
Total
__
Agriculture, forestry and
fisheries ______
___
M in in g ________ ______ _______
Construction _ _ ______ _ .
Manufacturing _ _ ____________
Durable _____ ________________
Nondurable
. __________
Transportation, communica
tions and public u tilities__
Trade __ _ __ ______
_
__
Finance insurance and real
estate __ ____________ _______
Services ____ __
_______ _ _
Government
_ ________________
Households __ __ __
______
1.3
1.2
2.7
1.9
1.9
- 3 .5
-2 .2
1.2
1.1
1.6
.4
- 3 .6
- 3 .2
1.0
.6
.7
.5
- 3 .8
- 1 .1
.5
2.9
3.7
1.9
- 2 .5
- .8
2.1
1.3
1.5
1.0
- 2 .5
-.9
2.1
1.2
1.4
.9
<3)
1.7
-.6
1.4
2.1
2.6
1.1
1.9
1.0
1.9
3.1
3.3
3.5
1.3
2.4
3.5
3.6
.8
3.4
4.5
5.5
-2 .2
2.2
3.4
3.5
.5
2.1
3.3
3.4
.4
1 Compound interest rate between terminal years.
2 Includes wages and salary, self employed and unpaid family
workers.
machines each have moderately high growth
rates in output coupled with a slow growth
rate projected for output per man-hour.
Although the industries discussed above
have the fastest employment growth rates,
other industries are perhaps more important to
total employment in terms of the magnitude or
absolute number of jobs involved. A different
group of industries stands out as important
sources of job opportunities in the 1965-80 pe
riod. The contract construction industry alone
is projected to supply nearly 1.5 million new
jobs and the manufacturing industries an addi
38
4-percent
unemployment
3 Less than .05 percent per year.
tional 3.7 to 3.9 million jobs. Wholesale and re
tail trade are projected to add about 5 million
new jobs; business services, over 2 million
jobs; and medical, educational, and nonprofit
services, more than 3.5 million jobs. State and
local governments will furnish almost 6 mil
lion new jobs. These six industries include 89
percent of the projected increase of 24 to 25
million jobs in the 1965-80 period. On the
other hand, in the same period the agriculture
sector is expected to lose about 1.5 million jobs.
(See table 29, page 40.)
Chapter V.
High Durable Models
Chapters II through IV presented discus
sions of various aspects of the 1980 projections
as developed from the assumptions in the basic
3-percent and basic 4-percent unemployment
models. These models are based on a particular
set of assumptions and are separated by a con
stant difference in the level of employment,
output, and final demand.
The high durable models are presented in
order to explore the effects on output and em
ployment by industry of different assumptions
regarding some of the variables used in the
basic models. These models also have 3-percent
and 4-percent unemployment rates, but the dis
tribution of demand is varied among the major
components of GNP. In particular, the catego
ries of final demand that encompass durable
goods are increased in the high durable mod
els. Therefore, in terms of percentages of
GNP, consumer durables, fixed private invest
ment (especially producers durable equip
ment), and Federal Government expenditures
(due largely to increased purchases of military
hardware) are larger shares of GNP. The cate
gories of demand that have smaller shares in
the alternative models are consumer services
and nondurable goods and State and local gov
ernment purchases of goods and services.
Gross exports and imports are relatively un
changed in the high durable models compared
with the levels in the basic models.
For each of the high durable models, a com
plete set of 1980 projections is presented. The
factors affecting the growth rate in real GNP
are presented in tables 30 and 31 for all four
models; the distribution of GNP into the major
components of final demand is presented for all
the models in tables 32 and 34 and the gross
product originating by major sector in table
35. In table 36 the most rapidly growing indus
tries are ranked separately for the basic and
the high durables models; tables 37 and 38
present employment data for all models. The
full industry distribution of final demands
by major components, the industry output and
employment growth rates, and industry em
ployment levels are given in appendix D, tables
D -l through D-12.
In the last section of this chapter are pre
sented additional variations in the potential
growth rate for the 1965-80 period, based on
variations of some factors of primary impor
tance. However, these variations are presented
only in terms of potential GNP growth rates
and are not further translated into the indus
try structure of demand, output, and employ
ment.
Factors determining real GNP
In the high durable models, most of the basic
assumptions affecting the growth in real GNP
are similar to the assumptions in the basic
models. However, a few changes in assump
tions are sufficient to alter slightly the 1980
GNP levels. The basic data reflecting these as
sumptions are presented in tables 30 and 31.
The two 3-percent unemployment models are
shown together, as are the two 4-percent un
employment models, in order to facilitate com
parisons.
The overall labor force is identical in all
four models. The levels of employment and un
employment—on both a persons concept and a
jobs concept—are the same for the two 3-percent models and the two 4-percent models but
differ between these two sets. The changes in
Table 28. Industries with 1965-80 employment growth
rates of 2.0 percent and above
1965-80
growth rates
basic models
Industry number and title
51 Office, computing and accounting machines 73, 74 Business services _ __
State and local Government
77 Medical and educational services _______ __
57 Electronic components and accessories
23 Other furniture and fixtures
32 Rubber and miscellaneous plastic products 46 Materials handling machinery and equipment
52 Service industry machines
67 Radio and T V broadcasting50 Machine shop products
29 Drugs, cleaning and toilet preparations_____
28 Plastics and synthetic materials
62 Scientific and controlling instruments ____
70 Finance and insurance
55 Electric lighting and wiring equipment ___
76 Amusements
- _ _ __ .
56 Radio, television and
communication equipment
63* Optical, ophthalmic and photographic
equipment
_ __
_- 11,12
Construction _ _______________ ____
4-per
3-per
cent
cent
unemunem
ployment ploymer
5.1
4.6
4.0
3.8
3.4
3.2
3.2
3.1
3.1
2.7
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.3
5.0
4.6
3.9
3.7
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.1
3.0
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.1
2.1
2.1
39
Table 29. Projected changes in employment by major
'sector, 1965-80
[Thousands of jobs]
Projected 1965-80
change in employment
basic models
Sector
Total ________________________
Agriculture, forestry and
fisheries
_ __________
Agriculture
- _ _ __________
Mining __ __ __ __
________
Construction
___
______________
Manufacturing _ __
______ _____
Durable . _
__ ______ _ __
Nondurable
_ _ __ _______ _ _
Transportation, communications
and public utilities - - _________
Wholesale and retail trade ____
Finance, insurance and real estate.
Services __
_______ __ _ _____
Business services ______________ _
Medical, educational services
and nonprofit organizations __
Federal government
_
__ __ _.
State and local government __ _ _
Households ______ _____
_____ ____
3-per
cent
unemploy
ment
4-per
cent
unemploy
ment
25,032
24,032
— 1,483
-1 ,5 3 8
-77
1,488
3,904
2,630
1,274
-1 ,5 1 5
— 1,566
-83
1,433
3,679
2,497
1,182
726
5,135
1,272
7,162
2,236
676
4,930
1,236
6,979
2,192
3,604
623
6,086
196
3,519
593
5,948
166
assumptions which do bring about a difference
in the level of GNP between the basic and the
high durable models with the same unemploy
ment rate is reflected in the distribution of em
ployment between the government and private
sectors.
Total government employment in the high
durable models is projected to be 400,000 lower
than it is in the basic models, because the level
of military personnel is assumed to be 200,000
higher and State and local government employ
ment 600,000 lower in the high durable models.
With total employment held constant for the
high durable model and the basic model of the
same unemployment rate, the decrease of
400,000 in government employment is reflected
by an identical employment increase in the
private sector. Further, the projection of agri
cultural employment is constant in the high
durable model and the basic model for the same
unemployment rate so that the entire difference
of 400,000 jobs is in the private nonagricultural sector.
The assumptions for the trend in hours-paid
and GNP per man-hour are identical in all
four models.26 However, the projected level of
1980 GNP in the high durable model is some
what higher than in the basic model for the
same employment rate. These higher levels of
projected 1980 GNP in the high durable mod
els—about $4 billion in both cases—result
from the higher productivity associated with
40
the 400,000 additional private nonagricultural
employees.
The resulting growth rate in total real GNP
1965-80, is 4.4. percent a year in the 3-percent
high durable model compared with the 4.3
percent a year for the 3-percent basic model.
The 4-percent basic and 4-percent high durable
goods models both have a projected 1965-80
growth rate in real GNP of 4.3 percent a year.
Components of GNP
The major purpose of the high durable mod
els is to measure and analyze changes in the
structure of industry output and employment
that result from changes in the structure of
final demand. In addition, the durable goods
sectors are subject to greater variability over
time and, therefore, are more difficult to pro
ject. Consequently, the high durable models
were developed with the objective of providing
reasonable alternatives to the basic models,
with particular attention to the problems in
herent in projecting the demand for durable
goods.
Tables 32 and 33 present projected 1980
GNP, in total and by major components, for
the high durable models and compare these
with the final demand projections in the basic
models. The major components of final demand
are altered in these models in a number of
ways. First, total personal consumption ex
penditures is lower as a proportion of total
gross national product. Within consumption,
however, durable goods is a significantly
higher proportion than it is in the basic model,
28 The assumptions regarding the trend in hours-paid
and the increases in output per man-hour in the high
durable models are perhaps not realistic. First, an
economic system in which the durable goods industries
are emphasized is likely to have a different trend in
hours-paid. Second and more important, when an eco
nomic system devotes an increasing share of its output
to investment in producer durable goods over an ex
tended period which is the case in the high durable
models—an effect may be expected eventually on
the pace of productivity change; this, in turn, should
be reflected in the rate of growth of real GNP. How
ever, the purpose of the high durable models presented
in this report is to explore the effects on industry out
put and employment of an alternative distribution of
final demand. The other questions, although perhaps of
equal importance, await further research.
Table 30.
Labor force, hours and gross national product, 3-percent models 1957, 1965, 1968, and projected 1980
Average annual rate of growth 1
Projected 1980
1965-80
Item
1957
1965
1968
1957-65
3-percent
basic model
Total labor force __ _ _
_ _
Unemployed
Employed (persons concept)
Adjustment
_ _ _ _ _____
Employment (jobs concept)__ .
Government2 _
_
Federal - _____ ________
Military
Civilian _ _____
_______ _
State and local
. _ __ _
__ __
_ _
Private . _ _ _
Agriculture
_____ _______ ____
Nonagriculture . _
__
_ _
Hours paid for (annual average)
private _ _
__
______
_ ___
Agriculture - _ -. ___
Nonagriculture _ _ .
_ _ _.
Total man-hours (million’s)
private3
__
__
_____
__
Agriculture .
Nonagriculture
_______
GNP per man-hours (1958
dollars) private _ _ _
__ __ _
Agriculture
. _
Nonagriculture
__ __ _
Total GNP (billions of 1958
dollars) ___
._
Government
___
__
__
F e d e ral_____
______________
Military
_ ___ ___
_________ .. _
Civilian
State and local . __
.
Private . _
_
_ _ ____
Agriculture
____
Nonagriculture
3-percent
high durables
3-percent
basic model
3-percent
high
durables
69,729
2,859
66,870
4,083
70,953
9,756
4,531
2,786
1,745
5,225
61,197
5,914
55,283
77,177
3,366
73,811
3,878
77,689
11,994
4,569
2,732
1,837
7,425
65,695
4,338
61,357
82,272
2,817
79,455
5,233
84,688
14,414
5,609
3,517
2,092
8,805
70,274
3,811
66,463
100,727
2,940
97,787
5,109
102,896
18,500
4,900
2,700
2,200
13,600
84,396
2,800
81,596
100,727
2,940
97,787
5,109
102,896
18,100
5,100
2,900
2,200
13,000
84,796
2,800
81,996
1.3
2.1
1.2
-.7
1.1
2.6
.1
-.2
.6
4.5
.9
- 3 .8
1.3
1.8
— .9
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.9
.5
— .1
1.2
4.1
1.7
-2 .9
1.9
1.8
-.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.8
.7
.4
1.2
3.8
1.7
-2 .9
1.9
2,086
2,371
2,054
2,051
2,376
2,028
2,000
2,330
1,981
1,977
2,271
1,967
1,977
2,271
1,967
-.2
.0
-.2
-.2
— .3
-.2
-.2
— .3
-.2
127,640
14,023
113,617
134,781
10,307
124,474
140,542
8,879
131,663
166,858
6,359
160,499
167,642
6,359
161,283
.7
- 3 .8
1.1
1.4
- 3 .2
1.7
1.4
- 3 .2
1.7
3.22
1.45
3.44
4.21
2.30
4.36
4.61
2.62
4.74
6.54
5.13
6.60
6.54
5.13
6.60
3.4
5.9
3.0
3.0
5.5
2.8
3.0
5.5
2.8
452.5
41.9
21.5
11.1
10.3
20.4
410.6
20.3
390.3
617.8
50.8
21.8
10.9
10.9
29.0
567.0
23.7
543.3
707.6
59.7
26.3
13.9
12.4
33.5
647.9
23.3
624.6
41,168.6
76.7
23.6
10.6
13.0
53.1
1,091.9
32.6
1,059.3
41,172.1
75.0
24.4
11.4
13.0
50.6
1,097.1
32.6
1,064.5
4.0
2.4
.2
— .2
.7
4.5
4.1
1.9
4.2
4.3
2.8
.5
-.2
1.2
4.1
4.5
2.1
4.6
4.4
2.6
.8
.3
1.2
3.8
4.5
2.1
4.6
1 Compound interest rate between terminal years.
2 The government employment to be consistent with the govern
ment product is from the national income accounts published by
the Office of Business Economics. Government employment shown
elsewhere in this report is from the Bureau of Labor Statistics es
tablishment reports.
3 Man-hours are estimated for the private sector only since the
assumption is made of no change in the hours of the government
sector.
4 The 1980 g n p is as calculated using the factors shown above.
All calculations using the total g n p elsewhere in the report use
1,165.0 and 1,170.0 for these two models.
and both nondurable goods and services are
somewhat lower.
Gross private domestic investment in the
basic models is 16 percent of GNP. In the high
durable goods models, this component is 17.1
percent of GNP. Each of the subcomponents of
fixed investment—nonresidential structures,
producers' durable equipment, and residential
structures—are higher in the high durable
models than in the basic models. The residen
tial structures component, however, is propor
tionately higher than the other components of
investment. The levels of residential structures
assumed in the high durable models are suffi
ciently high to reasonably encompass the na
tional housing goal of 26 million new dwelling
units by 1978, including the alternatives that
have a large proportion of single family units
in the total housing mix.
The other major component of demand that
is different in the high durable models is gov
ernment. Federal Government purchases are
higher in this model due to much higher de
fense expenditures (about $20 billion more
than the basic model). Both Federal nonde
fense and State and local government expendi
tures are lower, however, so that the total pro
portion of GNP devoted to government in the
high durable models is similar to that found in
the basic models. However, even though the
State and local government proportion of GNP
in the high durable models is lower than in the
basic models, State and local government is
still growing faster than GNP or the Federal
defense and Federal nondefense components.
Industry structure of demand, output, and
employment
The components of demand discussed in the
previous section show considerable variations
between the high durable models and the basic
models. Table 34 shows the 1980 structure of
output in terms of gross product originating
for the high durable models and compares with
the projected 1980 structure in the basic mod
els. The structure of output by the major sec
tors has been modified somewhat by the
41
changes in the components of final demand. In
particular, construction and manufacturing are
a higher proportion and services a lower pro
portion of 1980 output in the high durable
models than in the basic models.
The growth rates in output for each of the
82 industries used in these projections are
shown in appendix D, table D-9. Although
many industries have different growth rates in
the high durable models compared with the
basic models, the pattern is largely consistent
with the final demand assumptions. Generally,
the durable goods sectors of manufacturing
show higher growth rates and the service sec
tors lower growth rates in the high durable
models than in the basic models. Of course,
some exceptions to the general pattern appear
because of indirect interindustry effects.
Table 35 compares the industries projected
to grow most rapidly, 1965-80, in the high du
rable models and in the basic models. Although
there are some differences in the order of
appearance, the two sets of models produced
remarkably similar lists of fastest-growing in
Table 31.
dustries. In fact, of all the industries that ap
pear on either list, only two fail to appear on
both lists. The drugs, cleaning, and toilet prep
arations industry appears among the fastest
growing industries in the basic models but does
not in the high durable models. The scientific
and controlling instruments industry, has a 6.1
percent a year growth in the high durable
models, but in the basic models is projected at
less than 6 percent a year. It follows from this
comparison that those industries which are
projected to grow most rapidly are not signifi
cantly affected by changes in the structure of
demand of the size and magnitude introduced
in the high durable goods models.
The 1980 employment projections for the
high durable models are shown in table 36 and
37 and are compared with the 1980 projections
made in the basic models. The following gen
eral observations can be made from these com
parisons: First, durable goods manufacturing
is projected to have about 1 percent more
employment in 1980 under the assumptions in
the high durable models than in the basic mod-
Labor force, hours and gross national product, 4-percent models 1957, 1965, 1968, and projected 1980
Average annual rate of growth 1
Projected 1980
Item
1957
1965
1965 -80
1968
1957-65
4-percent
basic model
Total labor force.,
________
Unemployed
_
_
Employed (persons concept). _
Adjustment _
_
Employment (jobs concept)____
_____
Government2
_
_
Federal _
.. .
. ____
Military __ __
Civilian
State and local
Private
_
______
Agriculture
_ _____ ______
Nonagriculture
__ _
Hours paid for (annual average)
private . . .
Agriculture
. _
Nonagriculture _ __ __
Total man-hours (millions)
private3
______
_____
Agriculture
____
__
Nonagriculture __
_
GNP per man-hours (1958
dollars) private _
______
Agriculture _
Nonagriculture
Total GNP (billions of
1958 dollars) _________________
Government _
_____
Federal
____________________
Military
.. .
Civilian
____
State and local
. . .
_ _
Private _
_________ ____
Agriculture
_ _ _.
....
Nonagriculture
________
4-percent
basic model
4-percent
high
durables
69,729
2,859
66,870
4,083
70,953
9,756
4,531
2,786
1,745
5,225
61,197
5,914
55,283
77,177
3,366
73,811
3,878
77,689
11,994
4,569
2,732
1,837
7,425
65,695
4,338
61,357
82,272
2,817
79,455
5,233
84,688
14,414
5,609
3,517
2,092
8,805
70,274
3,811
66,463
100,727
3,918
96,809
5,058
101,867
18,315
4,851
2,673
2,178
13,464
83,552
2,772
80,780
100,727
3,918
96,809
5,058
101,867
17,918
5,049
2,871
2,178
12,869
83,949
2,772
81,177
1.3
2.1
1.2
— .7
1.1
2.6
.1
— .2
.6
4.5
.9
-3.8
1.3
1.8
1.0
1.8
1.8
1.8
2.8
.4
-.1
1.1
4.0
1.6
-2.9
1.9
1.8
1.0
1.8
1.8
1.8
2.7
.7
.3
1.1
3.7
1.6
-2.9
1.9
2,086
2,371
2,054
2,051
2,376
2,028
2,000
2,330
1,981
1,977
2,271
1,967
1,977
2,271
1,967
— .2
.0
-.2
-.2
-.3
— .2
— .2
— .3
-.2
127,640
14,023
113,617
134,781
10,307
124,474
140,542
8,879
131,663
165,189
6,295
158,894
165,996
6,295
159,701
— .7
-3 .8
1.1
1.4
— 3.2
1.6
1.4
- 3 .2
1.7
3.22
1.45
3.44
4.21
2.30
4.36
4.61
2.62
4.74
6.54
5.13
6.60
6.54
5.13
6.60
3.4
5.9
3.0
3.0
5.5
2.8
3.0
5.5
2.8
452.5
41.9
21.5
11.1
10.3
20.4
410.6
20.3
390.3
617.8
50.8
21.8
10.9
10.9
29.0
567.0
23.7
543.3
707.6
59.7
26.3
13.9
12.4
33.5
647.9
23.3
624.6
4 1,156.9
75.9
23.4
10.5
12.9
52.6
1,081.0
32.3
1,048.7
4 1,160.3
74.2
24.2
11.3
12.9
50.0
1,086.1
32.3
1,053.8
4.0
2.4
.2
— .2
.7
4.5
4.1
1.9
4.2
4.3
2.7
.5
-.2
1.1
4.0
4.4
2.1
4.5
4.3
2.6
.7
.2
1.1
3.7
4.4
2.1
4.5
1 Compound interest rate between terminal years.
2 The government employment to be consistent with the govern
ment product is from the national income accounts published by
the Office of Business Economics. Government employment shown
elsewhere in this report is from the Bureau of Labor Statistics es
tablishment reports.
42
4-percent
high durables
3 Man-hours are estimated for the private sector only since the
assumption is made of no change in the hours of the government
sector.
4 The 1980 g n p is as calculated using the factors shown above
All calculations using the total g n p elsewhere in the report use
1,165.0 and 1,155.0 for these two models.
Table 32.
Gross national product by major component, for 3-percent models 1965, 1968, and projected 1980
[Billions of 1958 dollars]
Percent distribution
Average annual
rate of growth 1
Projected 1980
1980
Item
1965
1965-80
1968
3-percent 3-percent
basic
high
durables
Gross National Product___ _
Personal consumption
expenditure
Durable goods __
__ _
Nondurable goods
Services
- - -------Gross private domestic
investment
___
- ____
Fixed investment ___________
Nonresidential
_____
Structures --------- ___ _
Producers’ durables ______
Residential stru ctu res____
Change in business
inventories
___ _________
Net exports of goods and
services _ _ _ __ __
______
Exports _ _ - _____
Imports __ -------- . _______ _
Government purchases of
goods and services _
Federal
- _ _ _ ____
State and local ___ _______
1965
1968
3-percent
basic
3-percent 3-percent 3-percent
basic
high
high
durables
durables
617.8
707.6
1,165.0
1,170.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4.3
4.4
397.7
66.6
178.6
152.5
452.6
80.7
196.9
175.0
758.0
133.2
295.9
329.2
748.0
142.1
286.1
319.8
64.4
10.8
28.9
24.7
64.0
11.4
27.8
24.7
65.1
11.4
25.4
28.3
63.9
12.1
24.5
27.3
4.4
4.7
3.4
5.3
4.3
5.2
3.2
5.1
99.2
90.1
66.3
22.3
44.0
23.8
105.7
99.1
75.8
22.7
53.2
23.3
186.3
171.2
130.4
36.5
93.9
40.9
200.2
184.1
137.3
38.9
98.4
46.8
16.1
14.6
10.7
3.6
7.1
3.9
14.9
14.0
10.7
3.2
7.5
3.3
16.0
14.7
11.2
3.1
8.1
3.5
17.1
15.7
11.7
3.3
8.4
4.0
4.3
4.4
4.6
3.3
5.2
3.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
3.8
5.5
4.6
9.0
6.6
15.1
16.1
1.5
.9
1.3
1.4
3.5
3.9
3.0
5.1
5.5
4.2
3.7
4.7
6.2
37.4
31.2
.9
45.6
44.7
9.6
79.2
69.6
9.6
79.2
69.6
1.0
6.1
5.1
.1
6.4
6.3
.8
6.8
6.0
.8
6.8
5.9
3.0
5.1
5.5
114.7
57.9
56.8
148.4
78.9
69.5
210.8
85.0
125.8
212.2
99.8
112.4
18.6
9.4
9.2
21.0
11.2
9.8
18.1
7.3
10.8
18.1
8.5
9.6
4.1
2.6
5.4
1 Compound interest rate between terminal years.
S ource : Historical data are from the Office of Business Econo-
mics, U.S. Department of Commerce. Projections are by the Bu
reau of Labor Statistics.
els. Second, employment in the nondurable
goods industries is only modestly changed be
tween the two sets of models. Finally, trans
portation and trade have the same proportions
of employment in the basic models and in the
high durable models. (See table 37 page 48.)
The slightly higher proportion of employ
ment in manufacturing in the high durable
models is offset by lower proportion in services
and government. However, the manufacturing
employment projected for 1980 in both the
basic and high durable models is a declining
proportion of total employment when com
pared with 1965 or 1968. Also, although ser
vices and government have a somewhat lower
employment in the high durable models, they
still show significant increases over their pre
sent proportions. Therefore, an alteration in
Table 33.
Gross national product by major component, for 4-percent models 1965, 1968, and projected 1980
[Billions of 1958 dollars]
Percent distribution
Projected 1980
Item
Gross National P ro d u c t______
Personal consumption
expenditures
-------- - Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Services _
_ _ .
Gross private domestic
investment
- __ __
Fixed investment
_ _
Nonresidential
__
Structures
______
Producers’
durables ____ ____
Residential structures . _
Change in business
inventories Net exports of goods and
services _ _ _ _ _
Exports _ _ ____ __ ____
Imports
__
Government purchases of goods
and services _ _ _
_
Federal _ _ ______ _ ______
State and local __ ____
1965
i nctz on
1968
4-percent
basic
4-percent
high
durables
1965
1968
4-percent
basic
4-percent
high
durables
4-per
cent
basic
4-percent
high
durables
617.8
707.6
1,155.0
1,160.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4.3
4.3
397.7
66.6
178.6
152.5
452.6
80.7
196.9
175.0
751.9
132.1
293.4
326.4
741.6
140.9
283.7
317.1
64.4
10.8
28.9
24.7
64.0
11.4
27.8
24.7
65.1
11.4
25.4
28.3
63.9
12.1
24.5
27.3
4.3
4.7
3.4
5.2
4.2
5.1
3.1
5.0
99.2
90.1
66.3
22.3
105.7
99.1
75.8
22.7
184.7
169.7
129.3
36.2
198.5
182.5
136.1
38.6
16.1
14.6
10.7
3.6
14.9
14.0
10.7
3.2
16.0
14.7
11.2
3.1
17.1
15.7
11.7
3.3
4.2
4.3
4.6
3.3
4.7
4.8
4.9
3.7
44.0
23.8
53.0
23.3
93.1
40.5
97.6
46.4
7.1
3.9
7.5
3.3
8.1
3.5
8.4
4.0
5.1
3.6
5.5
4.6
9.0
6.6
15.0
16.0
1.5
.9
1.3
1.4
3.5
3.9
6.2
37.4
31.2
.9
45.6
44.7
9.5
78.5
69.0
9.5
78.5
69.0
1.0
6.1
5.1
.1
6.4
6.3
.8
6.8
6.0
.8
6.8
5.9
2.9
5.1
5.4
2.9
5.1
5.4
114.7
57.9
56.8
148.4
78.9
69.5
208.9
84.3
124.6
210.4
99.0
111.4
18.6
9.4
9.2
21.0
11.2
9.8
18.1
7.3
10.8
18.1
8.5
9.6
4.1
2.5
5.4
4.1
3.6
4.6
1 Compound interest rate between terminal years.
S ource : Historical data are from the Office of Business Eco-
Average annual
rate of growth 1
i non
nomics, U.S. Department of
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Commerce.
Projections
are by
the
43
Table 34.
Sector composition of gross product originating,1 selected years and projected 1980
[Percent distribution based on 1958 dollars]
Projected 1980
3 percent
Sector
1950
Total _____ _
_ --------Agriculture, forestry, and
fisheries _
___
-----___
Mining
---------------Construction
_____ _______
Manufacturing
_
_
-----Transportation communications
and public utilities
--------Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance and real
estate
__ _________ ___________
Services
_____
_ _________ _
Other2 ____________________________
1957
1965
1963
4 percent
1968
1967
Basic
High
durables
Basic
High
durables
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
5.7
3.0
4.6
29.7
4.8
3.0
4.7
29.8
4.4
2.5
4.0
29.5
4.0
2.4
3.8
30.8
3.7
2.4
3.4
30.5
3.5
2.3
3.4
31.2
3.1
2.0
3.5
30.6
3.1
1.9
3.6
31.5
3.1
2.0
3.5
30.6
3.1
1.9
3.6
31.5
8.7
17.0
9.1
16.6
9.4
16.8
9.6
17.0
9.9
16.9
9.9
16.9
11.1
17.4
11.0
17.4
11.1
17.4
11.0
17.4
11.5
9.3
10.5
12.6
9.2
10.3
13.5
9.5
10.4
13.5
9.3
9.6
13.5
9.4
10.3
13.5
9.3
9.9
14.7
9.6
8.0
14.4
9.3
7.8
14.7
9.6
8.0
14.4
9.3
7.8
1 Gross product originating is the value added by each of the
sectors to total product of gross national product.
2 Includes government and government enterprises, rest of the
world, and statistical residual.
Source : Historical data are from Office of Business Economics,
U.S. Department of Commerce. Projections are by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics.
the structure of demand to the extent and mag
nitude found in the high durable models does
affect the rate at which employment is shifted
away from the goods-producing sector and
added to services and government, but is not
sufficient to change the direction of this move
ment. This is because demand was not altered
enough in the direction of durable goods to
overcome the sector differences in output per
man-hour.
rates are basically the same in all models. The
only differences are in the unemployment rate
and a slight modification in the division of em
ployment between the public and private sec
tors. These alone are not sufficient to alter the
1965-80 growth rate in real GNP to any appre
ciable degree.
This section explores the effects on the pro
jected growth rate in real GNP which result
from alternative combinations of three under
lying factors. These factors are the unemploy
ment rate, which is varied between 2.5 percent
and 4.5 percent of the civilian labor force; the
decline in annual hours-paid, which is varied
between a 0.1 percent decline and a 0.3 percent
decline a year; and the change in GNP per
man-hour, which is varied between 2.3 percent
Alternative rates of growth in real GNP
The two sets of 1980 models just discussed
each have projected growth rates in GNP that
vary only slightly. This is because the factors
which go into calculating the GNP growth
Table 35.
Industries projected to grow most rapidly in real output, 1965-80
High durable models
Basic models
Rate 1
Rank
Sector
number
1
51
2
63
3
57
4
66
5
28
6
68
7
52
8-9
32
8-9
73
10
56
11-12-13
10
11-12-13
29
11-12-13
74
Industry
Rank
3 percent
Office, computing and
accounting m achines____
Optical, ophthalmic, and
photographic equipment.
Electronic components
and accessories -Communications ; except
broadcasting _____
Plastics and synthetic
materials _
____
Electric, gas, water,
and sanitary services _ Service industry machines - _
Rubber and miscellaneous
plastics products.
Business services
— __
Radio, television and
communication equipment
Chemical and fertilizer
mineral mining _ _____
Drugs, cleaning and'
toilet preparations - - _
Research and development . .
10.3
1
51
2
57
10.2
8.8
8.8
8.4
8.4
7.0
6.9
3
63
4
56
5-6
66
6.8
6.7
5-6
52
6.7
6.5
6.6
6.4
7
28
6.3
6.2
8
74
6.3
6.2
6.2
6.1
6.0
5.9
6.0
6.0
Rate 1
Industry
3 percent
4 percent
5.9
5.9
1 Average annual rate of change in compound interest between
44
Sector
number
9
68
10-11
32
10-11
73
12
62
13'
10
Office, computing and
accounting machines —
Electronic components
and accessories _ _
Optical, ophthalmic, and
photographic equipment
Radio, television and com
munication equipment - _
Communications ; except
broadcasting
Service industry machines
10.9
4 percent
10.8
9.3
9.2
9.0
8.9
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.9
6.8
Plastics and synthetic
materials ________
_ _
Research and development .
6.8
6.7
6.8
6.7
Electric, gas, water, and
sanitary services _
Rubber and miscellaneous
plastic products —
Business services _____ —
6.6
6.5
6.4
6.4
6.4
6.3
6.1
6.1
6.0
5.9
Scientific and controlling
instruments __ _________
Chemical and fertilizer
mineral mining
terminal years. Output is the gross duplicated value stated in 1958
prices.
Table 36.
Civilian employment1 by major industry group, 3-percent models 1965, 1968, and projected 1980
Industry group
Total _______________________
Agriculture, forestry and
fisheries____ —
.
--Agriculture _____ . - - - - Mining-----------__
--Construction _ _
----------- -------Manufacturing--------- — -Durable goods -- -------- - Ordnance and
accessories-------------------Lumber and wood
-------products-----Furniture and fixtures - Stone, clay and glass
products __ . _________
Primary metals ______
Fabricated metal
products____________ - Machinery, except
electrical ------------- _ Electrical m achinery-----Transportation equip
ment —
Instruments ______________
Miscellaneous manu
facturing -------- -------Nondurable goods
_ ____
Food and kindred
products
---------- - Tobacco manufactures - Textiles and apparel —
Paper and allied
products
--------------- Printing and publishing .
Chemical and chemi
cal products
--------Petroleum and products _
Rubber and plastic
products--------------Leather and leather
products _ __ ________
Transportation, communi
cations and public utilities .
Wholesale and retail trade __
Finance, insurance and
real estate . _ _ _
-------Services
______
____
Government __ ________
__
Households . —
__
------
Average annual rate
a-P nlio r\n*Q2
Percent distribution
Projected 1980
1QCK_Qft
3 percent 3 percent
3 percent 3 percent
high
basic
high
basic
durables
durables
1965
1968
3 percent
basic
3 percent
high
durables
1965
1968
74,568
80,788
99,600
99.400
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.9
1.9
4,671
4,338
667
3,994
18,454
10,644
4,154
3,811
646
4,050
20,125
11,854
3,188
2,800
590
5,482
22,358
13,274
3,192
2,800
588
5,595
23,240
14,322
6.2
5.8
.9
5.4
24.7
14.3
5.1
4.7
.8
5.0
24.8
14.6
3.2
2.8
.6
5.5
22.4
13.3
3.2
2.8
.6
5.6
23.4
14.4
-2 .5
-2 .9
— .8
2.1
1.3
1.5
-2 .5
-2 .9
— .8
2.3
1.5
2.0
226
342
250
351
.3
.4
.3
.4
.7
3.0
.7
.7
-.1
2.3
2.5
1.7
.5
*
698
454
676
496
685
640
702
656
.9
.6
.9
.6
.7
.6
646
1,308
651
1,322
809
1,343
830
1,413
.9
1.8
.8
1.6
.8
1.3
.8
1.4
1.5
.1
1,288
1,417
1,638
1,697
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.9
1,783
1,662
2,009
1,986
2,495
2,334
2,670
2,554
2.4
1.7
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.3
2.7
2.6
2.3
2.3
2.7
2.9
1,745
392
2,034
463
2,014
553
2,343
594
2.3
.5
2.5
.6
2.0
.6
2.4
.6
1.0
2.3
2.0
2.8
442
7,810
458
8,271
513
9,084
512
8,918
.6
10.5
.6
10.2
.5
9.1
.5
9.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
.9
1,798
87
2,311
1,811
84
2,426
1,799
65
2,655
1,735
63
2,590
2.4
.1
3.1
2.2
.1
3.0
1.8
.1
2.7
1.7
.1
2.6
.0
-2 .0
.9
-.2
-2 .2
.8
640
1,057
693
1,128
801
1,322
795
1,307
.9
1.4
1.1
1.4
0.8
1.3
.8
1.3
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.4
905
183
1,024
187
1,187
155
1,172
152
1.2
.2
1.3
.2
1.2
.2
1.2
.2
1.8
-1 .1
1.7
-1 .2
474
560
763
777
.6
.7
.8
.8
3.2
3.3
355
358
337
327
.5
.4
.3
.3
— .4
-.5
4,250
15,352
4,524
16,604
4,976
20,487
4,961
20,501
5.7
20.6
5.6
20.5
5.0
20.6
5.0
20.6
1.1
1.9
1.0
1.9
3,367
11,118
10,090
2,604
3,726
12,678
11,846
2,435
4,639
18,280
16,800
2,800
4,538
17,785
16,200
2,800
4.5
14.9
13.5
3.5
4.6
15.5
15.0
3.0
4.7
18.4
16.9
2.8
4.6
17.9
16.3
2.8
2.1
3.4
3.5
.5
2.0
3.2
3.2
.5
1 Civilian employment includes wage and salary employees, self
employed and unpaid family workers.
2 Compound interest rates based on terminal years.
and 2.9 percent a year.27 Table 38 shows the
variations. (See table 38 page 49.)
It can be seen that varying these factors af
fects considerably the projected growth rate in
GNP. A combination of the elements with min
imum productive potential—a 4.5 percent un
employment rate, a 0.3 percent decline in an
nual hours-paid, and a 2.3 percent annual rate
of growth in GNP per man-hour—imply a
growth rate in real GNP, 1965-80, of only 3.8
percent a year. At the other extreme, a combi
nation of elements with the maximum growth
potential—a 2.5 percent unemployment rate, a
decline in hours-paid of 0.1 percent, and a
GNP per man-hour increasing at 2.9 percent a
year—imply a growth rate in real GNP,
1965-80, of 4.8 percent, i.e., a full percentage
point greater.
While a difference of 1.0 percentage point in
the growth of real GNP in any one year may
not appear particularly significant, the cumula
tive
effects may be very substantial. Taken
27
The variation and the rate of change in GNP per
over
the period 1965 to 1980, two real GNP
man-hour is for the total economy so that the median
growth rates differing by 1.0 percentage point
rate of 2.6 percent a year is consistent with the 3.0
would result in a total accumulated difference
percent change to 1980 for the total private economy
of 16 percent or nearly $100 billion in the 1980
as shown in tables 30 and 31.
45
level of real GNP. Hence, the unemployment
rate, annual hours-paid, and GNP per man
46
hour have important implications with respect
to long-run performance.
Chapter V I .
Implications of the 1980 Projections
One of the important conclusions coming
from the 1980 projections is the continued
shift in the structure of industry employment.
This structural shift, discussed in detail in ear
lier chapters, is toward the service sectors—
personal, business, medical, and educational as
well as government (especially State and local
government), and away from the goods prod
ucing sectors—agriculture, mining, and manu
facturing. An important determinant in this
structural shift is the sector or industry differ
ences in output per man-hour; most service
sectors have significantly lower levels of out
put per man-hour than the goods-producing
sectors.
Manpower implications
These projections indicate that a high pro
portion of new jobs will come in industries
which at the present time have existing man
power problems for varying reasons. Impor
tant job potential rests in the following sectors:
Change in Jobs 1965-80
(millions)
Construction ____________________________________________________
Wholesale and retail trade ________________________________ _ _.
Finance, insurance andreal estate ____________________________
Personal services ________________________________________________
Business services _______________________________
Medical and education
__________________________________
State and local government _________________________________
1.4
5.0
1.3
1.0
2.2
3.6
6.1
Each of these sectors offers special problems
of either manpower planning, training, or edu
cation in order to assure that individuals will
be available to fill projected job requirements.
For example, in the construction industry, fill
ing many high skill jobs is a major problem.
Therefore, to provide the number of workers
to meet construction requirements may call for
an increase and possible upgrading of present
apprenticeship and training programs. In addi
tion, a redefinition of job duties may be neces
sary and the elimination of discriminatory hir
ing practices is in order.
Large increases in the number of jobs in
wholesale and retail trade and personal ser
vices are projected for 1980. To assure an ade
quate manpower supply, the problems to be
considered in these areas are the low wages and
the difficulty this places on recruitment. Also,
as an increasing proportion of the jobs in these
sectors will be filled by part-time workers, ad
ditional training may be necessary to provide
the calibre of worker needed to handle the in
creasing complexity of retail and service oper
ations.
In the medical and educational services sec
tors, and to a lesser extent in business services,
a two-level manpower problem exists. First, a
need exists to provide additional training and
educational facilities for occupations with a
high skill or training requirement such as
medicine, nursing, accounting, college teach
ing, and computer programming. At the same
time preparations must be made to insure an
adequate supply of individuals to fill the lesser
skilled jobs in hospitals and schools—those
concerned with maintenance, laundry, food
preparation, cleaning and similar operations.
The large employment increases projected
for State and local government include expan
sion for policemen, sanitation workers, educa
tional workers—teachers, particularly at the
college level—as well as other professional
workers and associated clerical, administra
tive, and maintenance personnel. The large
projected increase in the number of employees
in State and local government is based on the
assumption of continued efforts by these levels
of government against proverty, urban decay,
poor schools, and inadequate transportation fa
cilities. If such efforts are to be made by State
and local government, much remains to be done
in recruiting, educating, training and provid
ing funds to give proper wages to this rapidly
expanding sector.
Due to the changing structure of employ
ment, continuing reassessment of job oppor
tunities will be necessary in the years ahead.
Certainly, the orientation of manpower train
ing programs must change over time in order
to match individual skills with job opportuni
ties. This process will require flexibility in our
educational system—particularly the technical
training areas—with expansion of some pro
grams, retrenchment in others, and a restruc
turing of programs as job responsibilities
change.
47
passes. In particular, these policy objectives
must be considered in the context of their ef
fect on inflation, post Viet Nam adjustments,
and the balance of payments, as well as their
effects on social goals such as elimination of
poverty, construction of low-income housing,
and revitalization of the inner city.
As noted in chapter II, the growth of the
labor force is projected to be 1.8 percent a year
for the 1965-80 period. The population growth
for the same period is projected to be 1.3 per
cent a year. Since the working population will
be growing considerably faster than the non
working population, the changes have poten
tially significant implications for growth of
real income per capita. Since those earning in
comes will increase faster than those who are
not, real income per capita will increase even
Other Implications
Earlier chapters have presented discussions
of the large employment gains projected to
take place by 1980. Between 1965 and 1980,
total jobs are projected to increase by as much
as 25 million. However, these projections were
made on the basis of a full employment as
sumption, defined variously in these projec
tions as a 3-percent or 4-percent unemployment
rate. Implicit in the 1980 projections, there
fore, is the assumption that proper policy al
ternatives will be pursued in order to achieve a
high rate of economic growth and a low level
of unemployment. However, the correct mix of
monetary and fiscal policies necessary to
achieve these goals are not easily predeter
mined and will unquestionably change as time
Table 37.
Civilian employment1 by major industry group, 4-percent models 1965, 1968, and projected 1980
Average annual rate
Percent distribution
Projected 1980
1980
Total
______________________
Agriculture, forestry and
fishery products _ _ _ _ Agriculture . _
.
Mining
__
Construction . __ ___
Manufacturing
Durable goods _
- -Ordnance and
accessories
__ ----------Lumber and wood
products
. ..
Furniture and fixtures —
Stone, clay and glass
products _
_ _______
Primary metals
Fabricated metal
r products __ _____ .
Machinery, except
electrical
Electrical machinery ___
Transportation equip
ment
_. _ __
Instruments _ __
__
Miscellaneous manu
facturing ______ _____
Nondurable goods _. .
Food and kindred
products _ —
Tobacco manufactures _ Textiles and a p p a re l____
Paper and allied
products ______
Printing and publishing .
Chemical and chemi
cal products _ __
Petroleum and products .
Rubber and plastics
products
. .
Leather and leather
products - - -------- -----Transportation, communica
tion, and public utilities __
Wholesale and retail trade _ _
Finance, insurance and
real estate __
_______
Services
_ .
_
Government _ _. _
Households
__
4-percent
basic
4-percent
high
durables
1
G£K
iybo
1Q£Q
iyoo
74,568
80,788
98,600
98,400
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.9
1.9
4,671
4,338
667
3,994
18,454
10,644
4,154
3,811
646
4,050
20,125
11,854
3,156
2,772
584
5,427
22,133
13,141
3,160
2,772
582
5,539
23,005
14,176
6.2
5.8
.9
5.4
24.7
14.3
5.1
4.7
.8
5.0
24.8
14.6
3.2
2.8
.6
5.5
22.4
13.3
3.2
2.8
.6
5.6
23.4
14.4
-2 .5
- 2 .9
-.9
2.1
1.2
1.4
— 2.5
— 2.9
— .9
2.2
1.5
1.9
226
342
247
347
.3
.4
.3
.4
.6
2.9
698
454
676
496
678
634
695
650
.9
.6
.9
.6
.7
.6
.7
.7
-.2
2.3
.0
2.4
646
1,308
651
1,322
801
1,329
822
1,399
.9
1.8
.8
1.6
.8
1.3
.8
1.4
1.4
.1
1.6
.4
1,288
1,417
1.622
1,679
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.7
1.5
1.8
1,783
1,662
2,009
1,986
2,471
2,311
2,643
2,528
2.4
1.7
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.3
2.7
2.6
2.2
2.2
1.9
2.8
1,745
392
2,034
463
1,993
547
2,318
588
2.3
.5
2.5
.6
2.0
.6
2.4
.6
.9
2.2
2.7
2.7
442
7,810
458
8,271
508
8,992
507
8,829
.6
10.5
.6
10.2
.5
9.1
.5
9.0
.9
.9
.9
.8
1,798
87
2,311
1,811
84
2,426
1,781
64
2,628
1,718
62
2,565
2.4
.1
3.1
2.2
.1
3.0
1.8
.1
2.7
1.7
.4
2.6
-.1
— 2.1
.9
— .3
- 2 .2
.7
640
1,057
693
1,128
793
1,309
787
1,294
.9
1.4
1.1
1.4
.8
1.3
.8
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
905
183
1,024
187
1,175
153
1,160
150
1.2
.2
1.3
.2
1.2
.2
1.2
.2
1.8
- 1 .2
1.7
— 1.3
474
560
755
769
.6
.7
.8
.8
3.2
355
358
334
324
.5
.4
.3
.3
— .4
-.6
4,250
15,352
4,524
16,604
4,926
20,282
4,911
20,296
5.7
20.6
5.6
20.5
5.0
20.6
5.0
20.6
1.0
1.9
1.0
1.9
3,367
11,118
10,090
2,604
3,726
12,678
11,846
2,435
4,593
18,097
16,632
2,770
4,493
17,606
16,038
2,770
4.5
14.9
13.5
3.5
4.6
15.5
15.0
3.0
4.7
18.4
16.9
2.8
4.6
17.9
16.3
2.8
2.1
3.3
3.4
.4
1.9
3.1
3.1
.4
1 Civilian employment includes wage
employed and unpaid family workers.
48
1QCR QA
4-percent 4-percent
4-percent 4-percent
basic
high
durables
basic
high
durables
1968
Industry group
and
salary
workers,
self
2 Compound interest rate between terminal years,
3.3
assuming no increase in real income per
worker.
An important factor about the 1980 projec
tions mentioned earlier was the continued shift
in the structure of industry employment. A
major factor in this structural shift is the sec
tor or industry differences in output per man
hour, as most service sectors will have signifi
cantly lower levels. The significance of the
lower output per man-hour rate projected for
services, along with the projected large de
mand increases, is the potential for continued
price pressures in service industries, since
wage gains undoubtedly will continue to exert
pressure on costs through increasing unit labor
costs. Therefore, long-range efforts to hold
down the rate of overall price increase will be
more difficult unless price declines are preva
lent in the goods-producing sectors or unless
innovation allows for greater than expected in
creases in the growth of output per man-hour
in the services sectors.
The shift in employment toward services and
government have further implications in addi
tion to those just discussed. Employment in
services and government tends to be more sta
ble. Thus, with the relative decline in employ
ment in the goods-producing sectors—which
have more volatile employment—and an in
crease in the more stable areas, there will be
Table 38. Alternative 1980 gross national product
annual rate of change, 1965-80
Unemployment rate
1980
1980 projected
percent rate
of change in Projected annual change
annual hours in GNP per man-hour
paid per
(Total economy a)
person
2.3
2.6
2.9
percent percent percent
average annual rate of
change in real gross
national product 1965-80
2.5 percent unemployment __
( — 1)
( -.2 )
( -.3 )
4.2
4.1
4.0
4.5
4.4
4.3
4.8
4.7
4.6
3.0 percent unemployment __
( -.1
-.2
— .3
4.1
4.0
3.9
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.7
4.6
4.5
3.5 percent unemployment __
( -.1 )
( -.2 )
( -.3 )
4.1
4.0
3.9
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.7
4.6
4.5
4.0 percent unemployment __
( -.1 )
( -.2 )
( -.3 )
4.1
4.0
3.9
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.7
4.6
4.5
4.5 percent unemployment __
( -.1 )
( -.2 )
( -.3 )
4.0
3.9
3.8
4.3
4.2
4.1
4.6
4.5
4.4
1 The GNP per man-hour for the total economy is .3 to .4 lower
than for the total private because the government has been added
in with an assumption of no change in output per man-hour.
fewer wide swings in employment. If down
turns do take place, they should be increasingly
less severe as the shift toward service and gov
ernment employment continues.
The projections show only moderate in
creases in the number of jobs in the household
sector. The modest increase in domestic help is
a reflection of the generally low status given
this type of employment by workers rather
than any diminution in demand. In fact with
increasing incomes, the demand for household
workers will certainly be very high. In order
to satisfy this demand, it may be necessary to
institute some change in present household em
ployment practices. Better working conditions,
shorter hours, and large wage increases undodoubtedly would be needed in order to attract
individuals who may not otherwise be interested
in this work.
Another interesting and important facet of
these projections is the relative limitation on
opportunities for self-employment. Table 11
showed that the number of self-employed is
projected to increase only moderately from
current levels (6.2 million in 1965 to 6.7 mil
lion in 1980). In relation to total employment,
the self-employed are a declining proportion,
so that a larger and larger proportion of
workers will be wage and salary employees.
In contrast to the increased employment pro
jected for a number of sectors and the prob
lems associated with such increases, the agri
cultural sector presents the opposite situation.
Further reductions are projected in agricul
tural employment, which raises problems asso
ciated with further shifts in population from
rural to urban areas. Also, as farm employ
ment continues to drop, the opportunities for
those who provide services in farm States will
also continue to decrease. This adds to the
problem of population declines in some regions
while other areas experience sharp increases.
Therefore, imbalances will exist with under
utilization of public facilities in some regions
and over-utilization in other regions, mainly
large urban areas.
Along with the decline in agriculture, the
shift in employment away from goods-produc
ing areas such as manufacturing and mining to
government and services implies a further dec
line in the proportion of jobs in the usual
blue-collar areas. Many of the jobs opening up
49
in the service sectors require specialized train
ing or education. Consequently, these trends
50
have significant implications for educational
institutions and training programs.
A P P E N D IX A .
Methods of Developing the 1980 Projections
Throughout the text of this report the methods used in developing the
1980 estimates have received only a limited explanation. This procedure
was followed in order to provide a concise statement of the findings and
analyses for the reader with little interest in methodology. This appendix
is intended to fill the gap for those who may be interested in the tech
niques used in developing the 1980 estimates.
The method is presented in two form s: In the first part a brief state
ment of the complete method is given. In the second part each of the
separate elements is discussed in considerable detail. The first statement
is intended for the reader who is interested only in a general survey of
the methods, while the second is designed for the analyst who needs to
follow in rather explicit detail the techniques used to develop various
elements of the 1980 projections.
The final part of this appendix discusses some current work and
planned efforts to improve both the data and methods used in making
projections.
General statement of methods
First, in developing the 1980 projections a potential growth rate is
derived by projecting the labor force to the target year, assuming an
unemployment rate and projecting the rates of change of productivity
and average hours-paid. The next step is to distribute this potential
growth in real GNP among the major components of gross national
product: Consumer expenditures, domestic investment, government ex
penditures—both Federal and State and local—and net foreign demand.
In making this distribution of GNP among components, alternative dis
tributions or models are considered.
After the potential growth in GNP has been calculated and distributed
among its major categories, the next stage in the projections is to de
velop for each of the major demand categories projections of the in
dustry composition of demand, such as the amounts spent by consumers
for food, clothing, rent, automobiles, drugs, cosmetics, trips abroad, med
ical expenses, and other goods and services. For each of the major demand
categories of GNP, a different procedure is followed in allocating de
mand to the producing industry. The industry detail to which the
categories of demand are allocated matches the input-output classifica
tion used in the next step 1.
Allocation of consumer expenditures to producing industry relies on
consumption functions for each of the categories of consumer expendi
tures. These functions, which were developed by Professor Houthakker
and Dr. Taylor, relate expenditures on a given item, such as automobiles,
to past levels and changes in expenditures for this item and to changes
in consumer income.
For business investment in plant and equipment, preliminary esti
mates of expenditures for producer durable equipment by type are
projected primarily by using past trends in the distribution of equipment
expenditures. These initial estimates are modified subsequently in the
calculations. Residential construction projections are made by analyzing
51
past demographic characteristics of the population and their influence on
the housing industry and then using these relationships to estimate resi
dential construction to 1980.
Federal Government demand is divided initially into the major areas
of defense and nondefense. Usually, defense expenditures are fixed by
assumption, therefore the only major problem in distributing defense
expenditures among the producing sectors involves the shift among
major weapon systems (missiles, aircraft, anti-missile missiles) in the
overall national defense posture. In the Federal nondefense area—
inasmuch as a great many of the nondefense programs involve grantsin-aid to State and local governments—many of the expenditures are
shown as State and local purchases of goods and services, following the
conventions of the national income accounting system.
Projections of expenditures by State and local governments are made
by analyzing separately each of the major areas of State and local
government responsibility. These areas cover elementary and secondary
education, higher education, highway construction, health care and hos
pitals, sanitation, parks and recreation, natural resources, and other
activities such as urban renewal and mass transportation.
The final category of demand, net foreign demand, covers both U.S.
exports and imports. These must be treated separately, since gross ex
ports constitute a demand from U.S. production and imports act as a
supplement to U.S. production.
The description of the economic growth model has progressed from
the development of the potential gross national product to its distribution
into major categories, and the further distribution of this demand to
producing industries. Demand in the national income accounting system
covers only final demand, i.e., only that of the ultimate consumers.
Therefore, in order to derive the output from industries whose products
are not sold to ultimate customers but instead are used by other industries
in the course of production, an additional set of calculations is necessary.
It is at this stage that the input-output framework of analysis comes
into use. The input-output system translates final demands, such as food,
automobiles, highway construction, airplanes, and machine tools into the
outputs required from all industries, regardless of the degree to which
the industries’ products are sold directly to ultimate consumers. The
industries producing basic metals and agricultural products sell only a
very small proportion of their outputs to the ultimate consumers, but
their total outputs are calculated in the input-output system as the in
direct production necessary to satisfy final demands for items such as
automobiles and foodstuffs.
The input-output tables used as a base in the economic growth model
are published by the Office of Business Economics, U.S. Department of
Commerce. However, these input-output tables incorporate the technology
and product mix for 1958 and, therefore will not adequately reflect the
technology and product mix for 1980 for most industries. In order to
project the input-output coefficients, i.e., the ratios of purchases to out
puts, a great amount of research is necessary. For some industries, de
tailed studies are made, analyzing the change taking place in the in
dustries’ technology as well as the changes expected in product mix due
to differing growth rates of product groups within industries. The
projected changes for an industry are then evaluated for the effects that
52
they would have on other industries’ purchases. The consequences of these
changes—some of which save materials while others imply more inputs
of materials—are introduced into the projections.
While the detailed sector studies are used in many areas, there is still
a large number of industries for which individual studies are not avail
able. For these industries, analyses are made of the direction and magni
tude of change in the use of its products by other industries. An average
change in input-output coefficients is used for all sectors not covered by
the specific industry studies.
With the projections of demand and the projected input-output table,
the necessary ingredients for estimating industry growth rates are pres
ent. The final step in the economic growth model is to develop employment
estimates by industry. This is accomplished by use of a set of industry
productivity projections. Each of the steps in the economic growth model
are shown in the diagram on p. 54.
Once this stage has been reached the projections would be complete
if everything within the model were in complete balance. It would be ex
tremely improbable, however, if everything proved to be in balance with
the first set of calculations. The model is designed to achieve a balance
for three of its components during calculating sequences. The first of
these is business investment in plant and equipment. A capital flow ma
trix is used in this balancing procedure to trace transactions in capital
goods between industries that produce capital and those who purchase it.
In addition to capital investment, a balance also is achieved for imports.
At the initial stage of the model, net foreign demand (exports less
imports) is projected by industry. After the model has been used to
calculate growth rates in output by industry, estimates of imports by
industry also can be calculated and compared with the original projec
tions of imports by industry. If differences exist, either the initial import
projections or the import coefficients are modified and the model is rerun.
Employment is the other element for which a balancing procedure is
incorporated into the model. The initial stage in the economic growth
model involves a projection of the labor force and an assumption about
employment. The final stage of the model is the derivation of employ
ment by industry. The sum of the industry employment levels will
equal the total employment projected in the first stage if the model is in
complete balance. If employment is not in balance, the modifications are
made, usually in the industry projections of output per man-hour.
Detailed description
This section will discuss in detail each of the separate elements neces
sary to develop the 1980 projections. The discussion will be useful to those
who wish to use these projections and who also want to introduce modifica
tions in order to better meet their individual needs. Usually, in order to
introduce such modifications, it is necessary to understand in detail how
the projections were developed.
F a cto rs A ffectin g G row th R a tes in R eal G N P . In making projections
of the type contained in this report, the first step is to develop a growth
rate for potential real gross national product for the appropriate time
period—in this case from 1965 to 1980. In order to develop the growth
58
ox
Interrelationship o f P o te n t ia l G r o s s N a tio n a l P r o d u c t , Final D e m a n d ,
Industry P r o d u c t i o n , P r o d u c t i v i t y , and E m p l o y m e n t
STAGE One
Total Supply
STAGE Two
Distribution
of
Final Demand
STAGE Three
Detailed
Industry
Distribution
rate, the labor input and the productivity of that labor must be projected
for the target year. This is accomplished through a series of steps. First,
the growth rate for the total labor force to 1980 as developed in the Office
of Manpower and Employment Statistics of the Bureau of Labor Statis
tics is used. Then, the 1980 unemployment rate of the civilian labor
force is set by assumption as is the number of persons in the Armed
Forces. The civilian labor force is obtained by subtracting the Armed
Forces from the total labor force.
It is necessary to convert the projection of the labor force from a count
of persons to a count of jobs. The necessity occurs because the estimates
of employment at the detailed industry level used in later stages of the
projections are related to data series obtained from establishment
payrolls, which are counts of jobs, while the labor force projection is based
on household surveys, which is a count of persons. The conversion ratio
leading to a job concept of employment termed the adjustment factor,
adjusts not only for those individuals who hold more than one job but
also for other statistical differences between the two employment series.
In as much as this adjustment ratio fluctuates a great deal and in an
apparently random pattern, the adjustment factor is derived from data
in a reasonably normal base period. In the case of the 1980 projections,
the base period was 1965. With this conversion, the estimate of total
employed is on a jobs basis.
Next in the projections sequence, employment is projected for three
broad components of total employment, each of which has had a distinctly
different level or rate of increase in its output per man-hour. Separate
estimates were made for farm, nonfarm private, and government em
ployment. Estimates of farm employment are made separately because
this sector has had a rate of change in output per man-hour twice as
great as in the private nonfarm sector i.e., about 6.0 percent a year.
Separate estimates of government employment are made because the
productivity change of government employees is assumed to be zero in
the national income and product accounts which forms the data base for
the models. The government estimates are further split into Federal
civilian, Federal military, and State and local employment estimates.2 The
third element for which separate estimates are developed is the private
nonfarm sector. This sector has had an historical rate of change in output
per man-hour of 2.8 percent a year.
For each of the areas for which a separate estimate of employment is
developed, it is also necessary to derive a change in annual hours of pay.
Again, in developing 1980 estimates of changes in annual hours paid,
separate estimates were made for farm, nonfarm private, and govern
ment because of variations among these components in the rate of change
of hours. Farm hours paid, which has a higher level of hours, is projected
to decline at a somewhat more rapid rate than hours paid in the private
nonfarm sector. For government, no change in hours paid were projected
over this period.
With the estimates of changes in hours paid and the estimates of
employment for each of the separate components of total employment,
the next step in these projections is to calculate the total potential man
hours in 1980. This is accomplished by multiplying the estimate of em
ployment for each component of total employment by the estimated level
of 1980 average hours paid for that sector.
55
The final sequence in developing the real gross national product is to
estimate the change in labor productivity for each of these three elements,
farm, private nonfarm, and government. In developing the 1980 esti
mates, government—as noted above—is actually projected in three
categories, Federal military, Federal civilian and State and local. The
potential 1980 output for each element of government is derived by
estimating an index of employment change 1965-80 and applying to this
an estimate of wages and salaries for 1965 in 1958 dollars. For farm
and private nonfarm sectors, the potential output is derived separately
by taking the estimated potential man-hours in each group and multi
plying this by the projected level of output per man-hour. The sum of
these components—farm, private nonfarm, and government—is equal to
total potential domestic gross national product. Finally, an estimate of the
contribution of “rest of the world” is made to arrive at total potential
gross national product.
C om position o f G N P. The previous section described in detail the
steps necessary to derive the potential gross national product. In devel
oping the economic growth model the next requirement is to derive the
composition of this potential GNP with respect to the major demand
components. The 1980 projections has two different demand compositions
of GNP within the four models—the two basic models and the two high
durables models. The two demand compositions are derived by a combi
nation of analyses of past trends and by assumptions.
Defense spending depends to a considerable extent on what is assumed
about the level of military activity. The assumption is that in 1980 the
U.S. will not be involved in an armed conflict; consequently the range
of defense expenditures will be limited. Still there is a wide range of
reasonable estimates of the level of defense spending consistent with this
assumption. Essentially the defense spending projected, particularly in
the basic model is related to the downtrend in defense expenditures as a
ratio of GNP prevalent in the 1957-65 period and assumptions on the
limits of this trend.
State and local government spending as a percent of gross national
product has had a strong trend upward during most of the post World
War II period. In determining the 1980 State and local component one
set of models assumes a continuation of that trend while the other set
shows no further increases in the ratio.
Investment has always been a highly variable component of demand
and it is one of the factors which is varied considerably in the 1980
projections. Two models assume that investment as a proportion of GNP
is at the lower end of a reasonable range and the other two models set
it at the higher end of this range. One of the subcomponents of gross
private domestic investment is residential structures. There has been
little relationship between the building of new residential structures and
movements in the gross national product. This is because other factors—
such as household formation, rural to urban movements, and interest
rates—are more important determinants of residential construction than
growth in GNP. In developing projections of residential structures these
factors—particularly household formation—were given primary con
sideration.
Personal consumption expenditure is, by far, the largest category of
56
demand and, as a ratio to GNP, has moved within a relatively small
band. The 1980 projections continue the historical relationship of con
sumption to GNP and the several models have ratios of consumption to
GNP within ranges found during the post war period.
In future projections work the development of potential demand and
its distribution among major demand components discussed in this and
the preceding section will be calculated by an aggregate econometric
model developed by Dr. Lester Thurow of Massachusetts Institute of
Technology. A description of Dr. Thurow’s model can be found in this
appendix under the heading, “ Plans for Development of Data and
Techniques.”
In d u stry stru c tu re of final dem an d . In the preceding section, potential
gross national product was allocated to the major categories of demand—
personal consumption expenditures, gross private domestic investment,
federal government expenditures, State and local government expendi
tures, and net foreign demand. These demands must be further dis
aggregated into demands by industry, consistent with the input-output
classification system. This section deals with the techniques of distribution
for each of the major categories of final demand.
P erso n a l consum ption ex p en d itu res (P C E ). Allocation of consumer ex
penditures among each of the producing industries relies upon consump
tion functions for each of the categories of consumer expenditures as
defined in the national income and product accounts. These functions,
which were developed by Professor Houthakker and Dr. Taylor while as
sociated with Harvard University, relate expenditures of a specific item,
such as shoes, to past expenditure on this item and to past levels and
changes in total consumer income. In this formulation, total consumption
expenditures is treated as an income variable and is, by far, the most
important of the explanatory variables. Annual change in total consump
tion expenditures was the next most important variable. Relative prices
appear in about one-half of the equations and, in addition, one or two
other variables appear in some of the equations. In the estimating
procedure the sum of the projected levels of the individual items is
brought into balance with the projected level of total personal con
sumption expenditures by prorating any difference according to the
income elasticities of the individual equations.
The demand function implicit in most of the equations is dynamic
in the sense that it allows the effect of a change in an explanatory
variable to be distributed over time. Thus, a change in income may have
a more immediate effect on the expenditure for some items and a lagged
or gradual effect on other items. In general, a change in income has an
initial strong influence on durable goods while services respond more
slowly to the level of income.3
A set of personal consumption expenditures in terms of the national
income and product accounts, whether for a known or projected year,
must be transformed into a set of final demands consistent with the
input-output framework. This transformation consists of reordering the
data from the one product classification system to another and moving
from valuation at site of purchase to valuation at site of production. A
57
set of conversion factors for this purpose has been developed by the
Office of Business Economics.4
In the national income and product accounts, the classification of
personal consumption expenditures has similar or related consumer prod
ucts grouped into a single item, while the input-output system classified
products by the producing industry. For example, consumer demand
for the item “shoes and other footwear” is distributed among final de
mands from the leather products industry, the rubber products industry,
and imported footwear. The extreme case is consumer demand for “other
durable house furnishings,” which is distributed among twenty-one
input-output sectors covering a wide range of the manufacturing indus
tries. On the other hand, one or more entire personal consumption
expenditures items may be directly transferable into final demand for
a single input-output industry. For example, consumer demands for
electricity and gas—separate personal consumption expenditures items—
consist entirely of final demand for the output of the electricity, gas,
water, and sanitary services sector. The limiting case of this kind—
consumer categories being condensed into demand for a single sector—
occurs with respect to the various types of “purchased local and inter
city transportation,” in which seven PCE categories all are reflected
entirely as demand on the transportation sector.
Personal consumption expenditures, both projected and historical, are
developed initially in purchasers’ values and then converted into produc
ers’ values; that is, the distribution costs of trade, transportation, and in
surance associated with each purchase are subtracted out of each industry
sector and added to trade, transportation, and insurance, the margin
industries. The margin rates in use are based on the 1958 proportions
with the introduction of some modifications and time trends. The margins
are aggregated by type and included as part of the final demand by the
consumer for the output of the respective margin industries.
While standardized programs have been developed to derive the per
sonal consumption expenditures “bill of goods” in a continuous sequence
of operations, the results are reviewed at each stage of the process.
Modifications are made to the system as additional structural informa
tion becomes available. Moreover, the projected levels of personal con
sumption expenditures are sometimes modified to reflect more recent
data and the constraints imposed by other parts of the input-output
system.
A different approach is used in this report with respect to personal
remittances-in-kind to foreigners and expenditures of foreign visitors
in the United States than that used in the national income and product
accounts and in the original input-output table. In the latter data, such
expenditures are included in the industry detail of both personal con
sumption expenditures and exports. To avoid double counting, these
remittances and expenditures are deducted in a lump sum from personal
consumption expenditures and shown as a negative entry in industry
85, “ rest of the world” . In this report, the adjustment for remittances
and expenditures of foreign visitors is made for each sector and the
negative entry in industry 85 is eliminated.5
G ross p r iv a te dom estic in v e stm e n t ( G P D I ). In projecting the industry
composition of investment demand for each of the producing industries,
58
investment is treated as four separate categories: 1) Nonresidential
construction, 2) producers’ durable equipment, 3) residential structures
and, 4) net inventory change. For two of these—residential and non
residential structures—little adjustment is needed in order to use this
in an industry final demand bill of goods since new construction is one
industry in the 82 sector input-output tables used for these projections.
The only adjustments necessary are to deduct the estimated commissions
on expenditures for structures that go to the real estate industry, and
transfer the estimated value of net purchases of used structures from
the private sector to the public sector.
The projections of demand for producers’ durable equipment are
developed by industry analyses of time trends which appear in the
basic data. These data consist of the full detail of the producers’ durable
equipment portion of the national income and product accounts. Little
effort beyond the extension of past trends is required at this point in
the calculations because of a later sequence which balances the demand
for producers’ durable equipment with industry capital requirements.
Projected net inventory change by producing industries is based on
industry distributions of these changes for historical years. Since most
data on inventory change are compiled by purchasing or holding indus
tries, the data must be translated into a producing-industry basis. In order
to translate inventories from purchasing-industry to producing-industry,
inventory data on goods-in-process, finished goods and supplies and
materials are used separately. For supplies and materials and for goodsin-process the direct requirements table is used to estimate the producing
industry composition. For example, if the construction machinery in
dustry holds certain inventories, use of the coefficients for this industry
in the direct requirement table will convert these inventories into the
steel, rubber, and engines which serve as inputs to this industry. By
following this procedure for each industry, inventories are converted
from a purchasing-industry basis to producing-industry basis. Finished
goods-on-hand are, of course, already on a producing-industry basis.
In developing the 1980 projections of inventory change by producing
industry, a percent distribution of inventory change by industry for a
recent historical year is used as the initial projections of the distribution
of net inventory change. The initial projection is modified as required
at a later stage in the model.
F ed era l G overn m en t E x p en d itu res. The Federal Government industry
bill of goods is prepared by breaking the government account into two
broad groups, defense and nondefense. In the case of defense, the pro
jections rely upon detailed historical patterns compiled for one or two
recent years. From these data it is possible to make broad assumptions
about major shifts in weapon systems, such as a general movement
toward more electronics or computers, and to adjust the industry struc
ture of the projected demand accordingly.
For nondefense activity, which include the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration (NASA) as well as other nondefense installation,
historical data for a recent period is developed separately for NASA
and for all other nondefense areas. For both of the nondefense group
ings, expenditures for new construction and for the constant dollars
compensation of employees were projected separately. The constant
59
dollar compensation, of course, was estimated at an earlier stage of the
calculations when the potential GNP was developed. After these two items
are projected, the industry composition of the other nondefense spending
is estimated, primarily on the basis of the industry distribution in the
base period. However, some adjustments are made to incorporate known
or projected shifts in the distribution of expenditures, e.g., the high rate
of growth in expenditures for computers.
S ta te an d Local G overn m en t E x p en d itu res. State and local government
bills of goods are developed by separately projecting purchases for each
of the following components of State and local spending: elementary
and secondary education, higher education, other education, highways,
hospitals, health, sanitation, natural resources, parks and recreation,
government enterprises, and finally “all other.” These separate estimates
consider to the extent possible the effect that special factors will have on
a given category. For instance, education projections are made by con
sidering enrollment projections and trends in pupil-teacher ratios; the
projections of highways and hospitals expenditures consider recent
changes in federal legislation and attempt to gage their effects on past
trends in these categories.
A projection of employment is made for each of these categories of
State and local government expenditures, consistent with the overall
employment estimate used in developing the potential gross national prod
uct. With these employment projections it is possible to derive a separate
estimate of constant dollar compensation for each of the individual
functions of State and local government in 1980. Next, for each function
an estimate of structures is made for 1980 based on past trends and
recent developments in federal legislation which may be expected to
materially effect these trends. Given these estimates of construction and
compensation for each area of State and local spending, a residual
amount remains which is distributed to producing sectors based on a
distribution of industry purchases obtained from the 1958 input-output
study. Some modification is made within these industry distributions
to take into consideration recent changes, e.g., the use of computers and
teaching machines.
N e t F oreign D em and. Exports and imports are handled separately at
their gross levels in the input-output system and are netted only at a final
stage in order to present a conceptually correct level of GNP. Exports
are treated as any other component of final demand in the input-output
system; imports, on the other hand, require a unique treatment.
In order to develop an industry bill of goods for exports, a two stage
process is followed. Data are developed for exports in balance of pay
ments categories, which classifies exports into about eight major groups.
These data, in turn, are related to the country or area of the world for
which these exports were destined. To develop projections of exports
by each of these major categories, projections of the industrial production
of real gross national product for each of the important trading partners
of the United States are used.6 Thus, these projections of exports have
taken into consideration the major developments expected with respect
to our most important trading partners.
After projections are developed for the eight balance of payments
60
categories, they are disaggregated into demands for the output of each
of the industries of the input-output table. This is accomplished by an
alyzing the industry composition of each of the balance of payments
categories historically and projecting the industry distributions for
these categories to 1980.
Competitive imports are grouped into two categories in the input-output
system: those allocated to final demand and those which go to an inter
mediate sector.7 Those in the first category include imported items con
sumed by final demand components in substantially the same form in
which they are imported; the projections of final demand by industry
for these components will include an estimate of imports. For example,
the PCE projection for clothing includes an estimate of finished imported
clothing.
Imports which become a part of an intermediate sector, i.e., that
require further processing, also may be divided into two groups: those
that are the same or similar to domestic products and, therefore, competi
tive, and those that are different in nature from domestic products and,
therefore, noncompetitive. Competitive imports are treated as inputs into
the industry producing the same or similar domestic products. Imports
of steel, for example, are a input into the primary iron and steel manu
facturing industry.
Noncompetitive imports are treated as inputs into the using or con
suming sector; for example, since coffee has no domestically produced
counterpart, it is treated as a purchase by the food industry— where it
is ground, blended, and packaged prior to being sold to consumers. Once
imports have been assigned to the appropriate sector as an input, they
take the form of coefficients and are projected in the same manner as all
other coefficients. The method of projecting coefficients is discused in the
section, “ Projection of Input-Output Coefficients,” pp. 66-72 of this appen
dix. At a later stage in the input-output system the original projection of
imports are reevaluated in the light of implied growth rates and supply
requirements. The system balancing procedure is discussed on 72-75.
The industry demands for each of the categories of final demand have
been described in detail. The total final demand by industry is, of course,
a simple summation of the demand by industry for each of the compon
ents just discussed. In analyzing and using the total final demand by
industry or the industry structure of any component of demand, it is
important to understand certain input-output conventions and the in
dustry classification system on which they are based; these are discussed
in succeeding sections.
I n d u s tr y C o n v e n tio n s o f th e In p u t-O u tp u t S y s t e m . A number of
industries included in the input-output system are not identifiable as
industries in the ordinary sense. In the 1958 input-output table there
are three synthetic or “ dummy” industries which represent an aggrega
tion of commodities or services which originate in other industres but
whose use is related to a common activity for which information on
consumption is generally available only for the entire group. In such
instances, products made in different industries are channeled through
a fictitious distributing industry. One example is industry 82, office sup
plies, which “ buys” and then distributes paper clips, typewriter paper,
and similar office supplies through one central source. The two other
61
dummy industries which perform a similar function are industry 81,
business travel, entertainment, and gifts; and industry 83, scrap, used,
and secondhand goods. Purchases from industries 81 and 82 do not gen
erate output or employment in these industries themselves, but do generate
output and employment in the industries which actually produce the
products and services. Industry 83, the used or scrap industry, is not
used in tracing the effect of final demand on industry output and employ
ment since this would imply generation of output in order to produce
scrap to sell to the scrap industry.
In addition, in these projections two industries have been modified
from their treatment in the 1958 input-output work. The first is research
and development, (R & D), industry 74. In the 1958 input-output table,
it is primarily a dummy industry which buys all research and develop
ment (R & D) and then sells this package to purchasing industries. The
R & D industry in these projections has been redefined to include only
commercial establishments. Therefore, most R & D is not treated as a
direct sale from the producing industry to the purchaser. For example,
R & D on military aircraft by the aircraft industry is sold directly to
the Federal Government.
Industry 85, “ rest of the world” , is modified to exclude travel receipts
from foreign visitors and personal remittances-in-kind to foreigners.
This adjustment affects the industry detail of the personal consumption
expenditure and export categories of final demand.
The treatment of government requires some additional explanation.
Industry 78, Federal Government enterprises, and Industry 79, State and
local government enterprises, cover governmental sales of a product or
service such as the postal service or local transit companies. Industry 84
includes employment involved in the general governmental operations
of administration, teaching, and similar activities at both the Federal,
and State and local levels.
Industry 80, gross imports of goods and services, covers U.S. payments
to foreigners for merchandise, services, and factors of production. The
service of domestics is found in industry 86, households.
C la ssifica tion in th e In p u t-O u tp u t S y s t e m . The 1958 input-output table
classifies all productive activities into 87 industries. In addition, a number
of categories make up final demand and one composite category con
stitutes value added. Each of the producing industries may cover a
broad range of products and services. Most of the producing industries
are combinations of detailed industries as defined in the S ta n d a r d In d u s
tria l C la ssifica tion M a n u a l (SIC), 1957 edition, prepared by the Bureau
of the Budget. The SIC coverage of the 1958 interindustry classification
system is given in table A -l.
V a lu a tion o f T r a n sa c tio n s . Input-output relationships can be ex
pressed, in concept, in either producers’ value or purchasers’ value.
Specifically, the inputs for making an automobile can be related to the
price received by the producer or to the price paid by the purchaser. In
the input-output tables, the valuation is at producers’ value.
Under a system using producers’ valuation, the individual inputs into
a consuming industry are valued at producers’ prices. The trade margins
and transportation costs associated with all of these inputs appear as
62
Table A -l.
Industry numbering for the 1958 input-output study
Related SIC codes
(1957 edition)
Industry number and industry title
A gricultural, forestry, and fisheries:
1. Livestock and livestock products _________
2.
Other
3.
4.
F orestry and fishery products ____________
A gricu tu ral, forestry, and fisheries services
M in in g :
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
agricultural
products
----------------------
Iron and ferroalloy ores m ining _____
N onferrous metal ores m ining ________
Coal m ining _____.______________________
Crude petroleum and natural gas ____
Stone and clay m ining and quarrying
Chemical and fertilizer m ineral m ining
C on stru ction :
11. N ew construction
12.
M aintenance and repair construction
Manufacturing:
13. Ordnance and accessories ___________________________________________________________________
14. Food and kindred products -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15. Tobacco manufactures --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16. Broad and narrow fabrics, yarn and thread mills _______________________________________
17. Miscellaneous textile goods and floor coverings ____________________________________________
18. Apparel __________________________________________________________ _____ _______________________
19. Miscellaneous fabricated textile products ------------------------------------------------------------------------------20. Lumber and wood products, except containers -------------------------------------------------------------------21. Wooden containers ___________________________________________________________________________
22. Household furniture -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23. Other furniture and fixtures ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------24. Paper and allied products, except containers and boxes ___________________________________
25. Paperboard containers and boxes ___________________________________________________________
26. Printing and publishing ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------27. Chemicals and selected chemical products ___________________________________________________
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
Plastics and synthetic materials ____________________________________________________________
Drugs, cleaning, and toilet preparations ___________________________________________________
Paints and allied products ___________________________________________________________
_____
Petroleum refining and related industries ___________________________________________________
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products ______________________________________________
Leather tanning and industrial leather products ___________________________________________
Footwear and other leather products ________________________________________________________
Glass and glass products __________________________________________________________ _________
Stone and clay products _____________________________________________________________________
Primary iron and steel manufacturing _____________________________________________
_____
Primary nonferrous metals manufacturing __________________________________________________
39.
40.
41.
42.
Metal containers _____________________________________________________________________________
Heating, plumbing, and fabricated structural metal products ____________________________
Screw machine products, bolts, nuts, etc., and metal stampings _______________________
Other fabricated metal products ______________________________ _______________________________
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
Engines and turbines _________________________________________________________________________
Farm machinery and equipment ____________________________________________________________
Construction, mining, oil field machinery and equipment ______________________________
Materials handling machinery and equipment _____________________________________________
Metalworking machinery and equipment ___________________________________________________
Special industry machinery and equipment _________________________________________________
General industrial machinery and equipment ______________________________________________
Machine-shop products
_____________________________________________________________________
Office, computing, and accounting machines ______________________________________________
Service industry machines
__________________________________________________________________
Electric transmission and distribution equipment, and electrical industrial apparatus
Household appliances _________________________________________________________________________
Electric lighting and wiring equipment ____________________________________________________
Radio, television, and communication equipment ____________________________________________
Electronic components and necessories _____________________________________________________
Miscellaneous electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ____________________________
Motor vehicles and equipment _______________________________________________________________
Aircraft and parts
__________________________________________________________________
Other transportation equipment ____________________________________________________________
Professional, scientific, and controlling instruments and supplies _______________________
Optical, ophthalmic, and photographic equipment and supplies __________________________
Miscellaneous manufacturing _________________________________________________________________
T ransportation, com m unication, electric, gas, sanitary services:
65. T ransportation and warehousing _ ___________________
66. Comm unications, except radio and T V broadcasting _ _
67. Radio and T V broadcasting ___________________________
68. E lectric, gas, water, and sanitary services _________
W holesale and retail tra d e:
69. W holesale and retail trade
F inance, insurance, and real estate:
70. Finance and insurance _
71. Real estate and r e n t a l __
S ervices:
72.
Hotels and lodging p la c e s : personal and repair services, except automobile repair
013, pt. 014,
0729
O il, 012, pt.
pt. 02
074, 081, 082,
071, 0723, pt.
0193 pt. 02, pt.
014, 0192, 0190,
084, 086, 091
0729, 085, 098
1011, 106
102, 103, 104, 105, 108, 109
11 , 12
1311, 1321
141, 142, 144, 145, 148, 149
147
138, pt. 15, pt. 16, p t. 17, pt.
6561
pt. 15, pt. 16, pt. 17
19
20
21
221, 222, 223, 224, 226, 228
227 229
225* 23 (except 239), 3992
239
24 (except 244)
244
251
25 (except 251)
26 (except 265)
265
27
281 (except alumina pt. o f
2819)
282
283, 284
285
29
30
311 312
31 (excep t 311, 312)
321, 322, 323
324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329
331, 332, 3391, 3399
2819 (alumina on ly ), 333, 334,
335, 336, 3392
3411, 3491
343, 344
345, 346
342, 347, 348, 349 (except
3491)
351
352
3531, 3532, 3533
3534, 3535, 3536, 3537
354
355
356
359
357
358
361, 362
363
364
365, 366
367
369
371
372
373, 374, 375, 379
381, 382, 384, 387
383, 385, 386
39 (except 3992)
40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47
481, 482, 489
483
49
50 (excep t m anufacturers sales
offices), 52, 53, 54, 55, 56,
57, 58, 59, pt. 7399
60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67
65 (except 6541 and pt. 6561)
70, 72, 76 (except 7694 and
7609)
63
Table A -l.—Continued: Industry Numbering for the 1958 Input-Output Study
Related SIC codes
(1957 edition)
Industry number and industry title
73.
Business services
__
—
74.
75.
76.
77.
Research and development _ _ _
_
__ ______ ______ __ _ __
_
______ _________
Automobile repair and services ____ _______ - _ _
____
__
_ ____
_ __ _____
Amusements ------------- — - ______
- ____ _ _
Medical, educational services, and nonprofit organizations
_________________ ____ __ _____
-------------
_
Government enterprises:
78. Federal Government enterprises _ _______ ____ __
79. State and local government enterprises
_ _
Imports:
80. Gross imports of goods and services ______ _ ________
Dummy
81.
82.
83.
__
__
_
__ —
__ ________
___ _
_____
_
_____ ____
________
__
_____
__
__
______ ____
__
_______
__
6541, 73 (except 7361, 7391,
and pt. 7399), 7604, 7699,
81, 89 (except 8921)
75
78, 79
0722, 7361, 80, 82, 84, 86, 8921
____
__
industries:
Business travel, entertainment, and gifts __ ____________ _ _ __
_ __
_
Office supplies
__ ____
_ _
_
____ __ __ __ __
______
_____ ______
Scrap, used and secondhand goods _ ______ _____
__ __________ _____________ __
Special industries:
84. Government industry
_ _____ _ _ _ _
85. Rest of world industry _ _
_
86. Household industry
__ __
_
___
87. Inventory Valuation Adjustment (IV A )
______
_________
_ _ _______
__ _ _____
_
_
________ ______
_______ __
__
_ _ _ _ _
_____
_ _ _ _
_______
_____ ___________
_ ______
_
_ _ _ __ __ __
__
____ __
__
_
__
direct purchases from the trade and transportation industries, respec
tively. The consequence of using the producers’ valuation of transactions
as the basis for deriving output is that the outputs generated in the
input-output system include only requirements at earlier stages of the
production process; there are no forward accumulations encompassing
the transportation and trade activities required to move products of a
given industry onto the next stage of production or to the ultimate
consumer.
In using the input-output table to convert estimates of final demand
(usually stated in purchaser’s value) into output requirements, additional
information is needed on the value of the margins for transportation
and trade. These values are deducted from purchasers’ value to derive
the appropriate producers' value A final demand “ bill of goods", there
fore, consists of expenditures for specific goods and services, valued at
producers’ prices, plus separate purchases from the transportation and
trade industries for the services involved in getting the product from
the producer to the purchaser. Information on trade and transportation
margins associated with each transaction was developed as a part of
the 1958 input-output study by the the Office of Business Economics.
This information was used to convert the final demand expenditures for
goods and services in 1980, which were estimated initially in purchasers’
value, into producers’ value.
The conversion from producers’ to purchasers’ values has special im
plications for the trade sector. If transactions were shown as they
actually occurred, the detailed connections would be between trade sector
and the producing industries, while the consuming industries would
purchase most of their inputs from a single source, trade. To show the
links between producing and consuming industries, or final markets,
commodities are shown as moving directly from producer to user; their
passage through the trade industry has been omitted in so far as the
purchaser is concerned. Therefore, the output of the trade industry is
measured only in terms of total margins; that is, operating expenses
plus profits.
64
S e c o n d a r y P r o d u c t T r a n s fe r s . A final demand “ bill of goods” shows
the demand for items classified by specific groups of products or services.
However, a product may be made in an industry where it represents the
principal proportion of the industry’s ouput, or it may be made as a
“ secondary” product in some other industry. For example, synthetic
resins are made both in industry 28, plastics and synthetic materials,
and industry 27, chemicals and selected chemical products. In order
to avoid splitting the demand for a product between two or more indus
tries, a convention has been adopted of transferring most secondary
products to the primary producing industry. In the case of synthetic
resins the transfer is from the chemical industry to the plastics in
dustry. Thus, the latter industry meets the entire demand for synthetic
resins from the total supply, wherever produced. This approach requires
that specific items of final demand be classified according to the industries
producing the items as primary products. The primary industries, in
turn, will generate demand for these items in the industries where they
are produced as secondary products. In this way, the final demand for
the product or service generates production both in the primary in
dustry and also in the industry where the product is secondary.
This approach of transferring products, wherever made, to a single
industry is based on the assumption of fictitious sales to the primary
producing industries. It is used in a number of areas in the input-output
table. This approach permits the demand for products or services to be
distributed back to the original producing industries in the proportion
that they contributed to the supply.
An alternative approach is used in a few cases when secondary
production is large and intrinsically different from the primary output
of an industry such as automobile repair performed in automobile dealer
establishments. In these instances, the industries are redefined, i.e., the
secondary products and their associated inputs are removed permanently
from the producing industries and assigned to primary industries. In
the case cited above, the automobile repair services were taken from
the trade sector and placed in a separate industry.
B a s e Y e a r P r i c e s . The basic input-output table is for the year 1958
and reflects the 1958 price level. In order to use the input-output
relationships, the detailed projections of final demand expenditures must
either be stated in 1958 prices, or the basic input-output relationships
must be recalculated on a basis consistent with the price level underlying
the final demand estimates. In this study the projections of final demand
expenditures are developed in constant 1958 prices.
This does not mean that changes in relative price 8 are ignored. For
example, projected changes in relative prices are used in developing the
detailed estimates of consumer expenditures. Also, the change in relative
price is implicit in projections of input-output relationships. The sub
stitution of one material for another due to relative price changes may
affect input-output coefficients in the same way as technological change.
When past trends are used as the basis for projecting input-ouput
relationships, the past effect of relative prices is assumed to continue.
I n p u t-O u tp u t R e la tio n sh ip s . An input-output transactions table is a
rectangular array of interlocking numbers, with the transaction of each
65
sector or industry represented by the entries in a particular row and
column. Every entry in the table can be read in two ways. Read across
a row, the numbers tell how much the industry of that row sells to every
industry, including itself, and to the components of final demand, i.e.,
consumption, investment, government expenditures, and net exports. The
sum of all the entries in a row gives the total output or sales of that
industry. Read down a column, the entries tell how much the industry
of that column buys from every industry, including itself, in order to
produce its own output. The table also shows, as the last entry in each
column, the “ value added” by the industry.9 The sum of the individual
purchases from other industries and itself, plus the value added, equals
the total value of production of the industry. It is the information in the
column on purchases of specific materials, parts, fuels, business services,
etc., that is used as the basis for deriving the input-output ratios.
An input-output transactions table, when converted into ratio form,
i.e., into a direct “ coefficients” matrix, can be used to measure the effect
of a change in demand for an industry's output on all of the immediate
supplying industries. For example, if the demand for automobiles in
creases or decreases by a certain amount the direct coefficients of that
industry will indicate the proportionate effects on the steel, aluminum,
glass, textile, rubber, plastics, trade, and transportation industries.
Each of the industries directly affected by a change in demand for
automobiles has its own supplying industries. The steel industry, for
example, needs coal and iron ore to make steel and the coal and iron
ore industries, in turn, need other items such as fuel to run the mining
machinery and to repair parts for equipment. By linking all the inputoutput coefficients together in a consistent and integrated set of relation
ships, it is possible to trace the effect of a particular demand, that for
automobiles, for example, on each industry back along the production
process. These effects include all the raw materials, parts, components,
fuels, transportation, and distributive services which are ultimately
included in making the final product, the automobile.
The complex relationships among industries are encompassed in the
coefficients of the total (direct and indirect) requirements matrix, also
called an inverse matrix 10. An inverse matrix (such as table 3 of the
1958 Input-Output Study11), provides the basic framework used to
explore potential effects on the industrial composition of employment
in 1980 which may result from alternative assumptions with respect to
rates and patterns of growth.
Thus, through the use of an input-output system, projections of the
demand of final users such as consumers or government can be trans
lated into the total output requirements from all industries. However,
since the base period input-output table represents the price, technology,
and product mix of 1958, it is not adequate for use in a year as distant
as 1980. The procedures for coefficient projection are discussed in the
next section.
The need to project input-out
put coefficients arises because of changes that have taken place or are
expected to take place. These changes may affect coefficients in a variety
of ways. Technological change is one of the major factors underlying
changes in coefficients from period to period. The introduction of nuclear
P r o je c t io n o f I n p u t-O u tp u t C oefficien ts.
66
electric power plants requires a new input, nuclear fuel. Growth of this
new input reduced the relative need for other fuels.
Other factors, such as product mix or price change, also can cause
significant change in coefficients. Product mix problems are inherent in
a system that uses fixed classification and aggregative industry groups.
In dividing the U.S. economy into approximately 80 sectors, broad
industry groupings, such as food and kindred products and chemicals,
are created. These large sectors include different commodities and serv
ices, each of which has its own set of input requirements. If the
production of the various commodities changes at different rates, then
the total input coefficients of the sector may also change. This can occur
even if there are no technological changes in the producing industries.
For example, construction, mining, and oil field machinery are all in
cluded in one sector. Since the output of construction machinery is
growing more rapidly than the other products, and the material and
service requirements of each differ somewhat, the sector input coefficients
may change due solely to the change in product mix.
Most coefficients tend to change slowly. One reason is that long-lived
capital equipment usually has been incorporated into the existing pro
cesses. Even a profitable innovation, such as the basic oxygen steel
furnace (BOF), takes a substantial amount of time to become widely
adopted throughout the industry. Oxygen furnaces were first introduced
in the United States in 1954. In 1967, they still were less than one-third
of ingot steel output, although the pace of conversion finally has accele
rated in the past few years.
S ta g e s o f p r o je c t i o n . Before turning to the specific methods of coef
ficients projections, it is necessary to consider the context in which
those projections are made. As noted in the preceding section, an inputoutput system may be thought of as being composed of four related
components: The matrix of interindustry transactions which are con
verted into coefficients, the set of values-added in the industries, the
set of final demands for the industries, and the set of industry outputs.
Each is dependent on the other and must be mutually consistent in order
to produce a balanced system. Therefore, the projection of coefficients
cannot be a totally independent operation— although certain coefficients
may be projected independently— but must be made in conjunction with
projections of industry final demands and outputs for the appropriate
year.12
All projections of input-output relationships begin with a set of inputoutput tables for a base year. For the 1980 projections, the base year
tables were the 1958 input-output matrices prepared by the Office of
Business Economics. From this starting point, the first step to the 1980
projections was the construction of an input-output system for the latest
year for which reasonably complete data were available, 1965. The 1965
system then became the basis for the final projections to 1980. The use
of an interim year in the projections procedure has a definite purpose:
To allow information about recent structural changes to be incorporated
into the projections.
In the input-output table constructed for 1958 each component, in fact
each transaction, was independently established. Census data and those
from a variety of other sources, as well as a number of imputations
67
used in producing the national income and product, accounts, were utilized
for this purpose. Thus, each element in the system is “ known” and the
integrated whole is a balanced system.
In constructing input-output systems for years other than the bench
mark year, the process changes in emphasis from the derivation of the
“ correct” values from available data to the estimation of “ best” values.
There are two distinct cases to be considered in terms of the years
chosen for estimation.
The first case is when an input-output system is developed for a
non-benchmark year, such as 1965. In this case, there exist some of the
necessary data: output levels by industry, final demands by type of
purchase, and industry productivity and technological trends. But the
industry output levels must be deflated to benchmark-year price levels and
adjusted for secondary product transfers consistent with input-output
conventions; the final demands must be deflated, translated into industry
demands with consideration of product-mix changes, and converted from
purchasers’ to producers’ values with adjustment for changing trade,
transportation, and insurance margins. Available information on changes
in technology will be incomplete and, thus, not wholly sufficient to yield
proper industry adjustments.
The second case is when an input-output system is developed for a
future year, such as 1980. In this case, there exist all the problems men
tioned above for a non-benchmark historical year; in addition, all vari
ables are unknown. The growth rate, structure, and production processes
may change due to factors unforeseen or imperfectly understood. Devel
oping an input-output table for a non-benchmark historical year is pri
marily a problem of restructuring existing data into the proper form,
with estimation techniques taking a secondary role. Development of an
input-output system for a projected year, on the other hand, requires the
estimation of all of the parts of the system as well as the integration of
those parts into a balanced system. In either case, the coefficients must
be projected in order to achieve a fully balanced system.
M e th o d o f coefficien t p r o je c t io n . Two methods of projecting inputoutput coefficients have been used in this study. The first method concen
trates attention on changes within particular industries and the second
focuses on interindustry relationships with the added objective of achiev
ing a balanced system. The first approach utilizes specific data on the
technology of an individual industry, including past and expected changes
for selected input-output coefficients. Estimates are made for the expected
influence of changing technology on the industry’s purchases per dollar
of its output. Of course, as discussed earlier, the change in the inputoutput coefficients in the past may not have resulted from technological
change but from product mix or other factors. If it were a case of prod
uct mix change, the coefficients projected for the industry would include
an extension of the influence of this factor.
The second or aggregate approach to coefficient projection used in
estimating the 1980 coefficients is a general method of coefficient adjust
ment which takes account of the analyses of specific industries and co
efficients.13 In the first type of analysis each industry is evaluated as a
purchaser of other industries’ products, i.e., an industry is viewed as a
column in the input-output array. In the more general method of co-
68
efficient projection, changes in the sales of an industry to other sectors
over time is analyzed, i.e., an industry is viewed as a row in the conven
tional input-output table. In projecting coefficients first to 1965 and
then to 1980 both approaches were utilized.
C oefficien t p r o je c t io n to 1 9 6 5 . The first step in developing the 1965
input-output table is to estimate output levels and final demands by
industry from available data. As noted above, the existing data require
a number of adjustments in order to be stated in base year prices and in
accord with the input-output sector definitions.
The next step is to calculate the differences by industry between “ ac
tual” intermediate demand and the “ derived” intermediate demand
which is generated by the base year direct coefficients matrix. “ Actual”
intermediate demand for an industry is simply its total output less its
final demand:
X - Y = T
where for a particular industry,
X = total output,
Y = final demand,
T = intermediate demand.
The “ derived” intermediate demands are calculated by multiplying the
output of each sector by the direct coefficients in its column and then
summing across each row. In matrix terms this calculation is expressed
as:
A X = T
where A is a direct coefficients matrix,
X is the vector of industry outputs,
T is the vector of intermediate de
mands. '
The “ actual” and “ derived” intermediate demands for each sector are
then compared. The following example will illustrate the procedure:
(3)
(4)
(2 )
(1 )
Ratio of
“ Actual”
“ Derived”
Difference
1 - 5 - 2
Intermediate Intermediate
(1 -2 )
Industry A
1 .1 0
1100
1000
100
Industry B
.80
400
500
-1 0 0
The ratios in column 4 indicate the implicit changes in the coefficients
affecting each industry between the base year and the current year. When
calculated for each of the sectors of the input-output system using 1965
outputs and the base year table, the ratios constitute the first estimate
of the direction and magnitude of coefficient changes from 1958 to 1965.
This procedure lays the basis for assembling a new direct coefficients
matrix for 1965. The next step is to utilize all of the exogenous informa
tion gained from the separate industry studies; the independently pro
jected coefficients are inserted into the system. One area where this type
of data exist, and where revised coefficients can be substituted directly,
is competitive imports. Of course, inasmuch as a change in the competi
tive import ratio will change all of the coefficients proportionately in the
column for that industry, a scalar calculation needs to be performed
whenever import coefficients for a sector are changed.14 With the in
corporation of the independently estimated coefficients, the “ actual” and
“ derived” intermediate demands are again calculated. The differences or
“ gaps” for most sectors, hopefully, will be smaller with the inclusion of
the more recent data, although for some industries the gap may actually
increase.
At this point in the analysis, the original estimate of industry outputs
and final demands are thoroughly reexamined. An unusually large gap
between “ actual” and “ derived” intermediate demand is often the result
of a poor estimate of output or final demand, or both. A standard check
on a suspect estimate of output is to examine the sector’s column, identi
fying those industries who sell a significant part of their output to the
sector in question. If the “ derived” intermediate demands of the supply
ing industries also shows gaps in the same direction, either positive or
negative, and of about the same relative magnitude, the output estimate
in question is very likely in error and is completely reestimated. Correc
tion of an error of this type may resolve the difficulties in one or more
additional sectors.
Errors in final demand estimates may occur because the product mix
within a consumer classification has changed, but the allocation of that
demand to industries is still based on the base year distribution. Changes
in the transportation and trade margins may also have occurred in the
time since the base year table was assembled. Errors of this type often
can be detected only by working simultaneously with the coefficients,
industry outputs, and final demands.
Whenever a number of changes, in coefficients, outputs, or final de
mands, are made in the system, the gap analysis is redone. If the ap
propriate corrections have been introduced, the gaps, on the average,
will become progressively smaller.
When a single direct coefficient is changed, the “ derived” intermediate
demand for the supplying industry is altered. When the estimated final
demand for an industry is changed, the “ actual” intermediate demand
for that industry is altered. When an estimated industry output is
changed, the “ actual” intermediate demand of that industry is altered
and, in addition, the “ derived” intermediate demands of all the supplying
industries are altered. Therefore, after as much investigation of industry
outputs, final demands, and specific coefficient change has been made as
time and resources will allow, the latter two elements are fixed at their
existing levels. The gap analysis is repeated, with the calculated “ actual”
intermediate demands now at their final levels.
At this point, all that remains of the balancing procedure is to bring
“ derived” intermediate demand to the actual level for each industry,
by using the aggregative approach to coefficient adjustment. With fixed in
dustry outputs and final demands, this can be accomplished by multiply
ing the ratio factor for each industry by the coefficients in its row of the
matrix.15 The independently estimated coefficients should be omitted
from this procedure as they have usually been derived from more reliable
data.
If the scaling procedure is done accurately, the system will be in bal
ance, i.e.,
X —Y = AX
= T.
Then it will also be true that the final demands by industry and the
inverse matrix will generate the correct industry outputs :
(I - A )-1 Y = X 16
70
C oefficien t p r o je c tio n s to 1 9 8 0 . Projecting coefficients and developing a
balanced input-output system for a future year, 1980, as opposed to a
non-benchmark historical year, involves somewhat different procedures.
First, data on industry outputs, final demands, and technological ad
vances contributing to coefficient change in 1980 must be entirely esti
mated. On the other hand, information on the trends of these factors can
be derived from the changes between the base year systems and the
balanced system previously developed for 1965.
The first step in developing the direct coefficients matrix for 1980 is
to project the 1958 to 1965 trends of coefficients change by industry. The
projection of trends, of course, is tempered by judgment and made in
light of the existing situation in the individual industries. A large change
in the coefficients of an industry may result from a one-time shift in its
input structure due to a major technological advance; in any event, rapid
changes in coefficients are not likely to continue indefinitely. On the other
hand, a gradual, well-defined change in the structure of a particular in
dustry, or in the relative importance of some coefficients within an in
dustry, may continue over a long period of time. Information gained
from individual industry studies also may contribute to the projection of
trends. These sources of information are used to adjust the 1965 matrix,
which then becomes a first approximation of the 1980 direct coefficients
matrix.
The second step in developing the 1980 system is the estimation of final
demands by industry; the estimation procedure for final demand are
covered thoroughly in the section on final demand in this appendix
pp. 75-77. The next step is to use the projected final demands— the
vector— and the preliminary 1980 direct coefficients—the A matrix—
to generate tentative industry output levels for 1980 by the now familiar
matrix inversion and multiplication procedure :
(I - A ) 1Y = X
Since the industry output levels are generated within the input-ouput
system, any change in direct coefficients or in final demands will auto
matically affect one or more output levels. When only final demands are
altered the matrix multiplication must be repeated in order to generate
the modified output levels. When direct coefficients are altered a new
inverse matrix must be calculated and then multiplied by the vector of
final demands to generate modified output levels.
The procedures for determining the derived levels of final demands
and outputs by industry and balancing the system for 1980 are different
in scope from those used for 1965. The 1980 projections of all the ele
ments of the system are pure estimates in the sense that they are not
bound within fairly definite limits by existing data. Therefore, the initial
1980 projections of final demands and output levels by industry are sub
ject to a more searching review and, possibly, to more substantial re
visions than were appropriate for the 1965 estimates.
In order to evaluate the industry output levels generated by the system,
the implied average annual rates of growth by industry are calculated
for the period 1965 to 1980. An extremely high or a very low, or negative,
rate of growth in an industry is sufficient reason for checking all of the
factors which produced that rate. Then, the 1965 to 1980 rates of growth
by industry are compared with those for historical periods; a sharp in
crease or decrease in the rate of growth of an industry compared with
71
an earlier period, is considered sufficient reason to investigate the cause
or causes. Although extreme rates or deviations in rates of growth most
often trigger additional investigation, it does not follow that those rates
are always changed; further investigation may, in fact, reinforce the
credibility of a preliminary projection. For example, since the projected
rate of growth in new construction is slightly increased, the growth rates
of some of its supplying industries, such as stone and clay products, depart
from past trends, but for valid reasons.
The process of evaluating each ingredient of the 1980 projections
continues through several iterations. When the point is reached where
reasonable estimates of each of the components have been achieved, the
industry outputs and final demands are fixed at their desired levels.
At this point, if the modifications introduced into the system have
been appropriate, the differences or gaps between the desired level of
output and that generated by the system for each industry should be
relatively small, no more than 5 percent of the total output. Then the gap
analysis is used, as in 1965, to bring the system into balance: the differ
ences between desired industry outputs and final demands are the
“ actual” intermediate demands and the generated outputs multiplied by
the latest direct coefficients matrix yield the “ derived” intermediate
demands. The ratio factors for the industries are calculated and used to
adjust the direct coefficients matrix to its final form. Thus, the aggrega
tive method of coefficient adjustment was used to balance the 1980 inputoutput system in exactly the same way the 1965 system was balanced.
I n d u s tr y O u tp u t L e v e l s . The projected output levels for the inputoutput sectors are calculated by the matrix algebra operation described
in the preceding section. The industry output levels, in fact, were gen
erated repeatedly in developing the 1980 input-output system. For each
projection, by using the previously determined output level for 1965 as
base, the average annual rate of growth, 1965-80, was calculated for each
industry. Comparisons between these growth rates and those for histori
cal periods for the same industry were an integral part of the projections
procedure.
O u tp u t P e r M a n -H o u r . In order to progress from the projection of the
growth rate in industry output to projection of employment in each
industry, it is necessary to develop an estimate of change in output per
man-hour. Two approaches are followed: the use of industry equations
and projection of historical trends.
The industry equations are regressions taking several forms, simple,
multiple, and log, and relate output per man-hour, the dependent variable,
to output or employment in the same period or to output per man-hour or
in the previous period. Although an output per man-hour estimating
equation to 1980 was developed for most of the input-output sectors,
many of the equations did not yield satisfactory results in light of past
data. In these cases it was necessary to use the second approach.
The second approach to projecting output per man-hour by industry
relies on information on the value of shipments in each sector, deflated
by an appropriate index derived from statistics of the Office of Prices
and Living Conditions of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Then the
deflated data were related to man-hours in the same sector, and annual
72
changes in output per man-hour, output, and man-hours were developed
for all combinations of historical years for each industry. These data
were used in the following way: If the projected rate of growth of output
for a given industry was close to the historical rate, the output per man
hour projections used initially for the industry was the historical rate of
change for the post war period. If, however, the projected rate of growth
of output for a sector was significantly different than the historical rate,
the historical data were examined to find the longest subperiod when this
industry’s rate of growth in output was similar to the projected rate; the
output per man-hour associated with this subperiod was used as the
projected rate for such a sector. In addition, there remain a few sectors
for which projections of growth in output are much different from past
rates of growth and in these cases the projected outputs per man-hour
were determined on a judgmental basis.
E m p lo ym en t P ro je c tio n s . The estimates of employment for each of the
82 sectors were derived from the estimate of output per man-hour, the
projected level of output, and the projected annual hours for that sector.
By dividing the projected output by output per man-hour, the level of
man-hours for that sector is determined. Man-hours is converted to em
ployment in each industry by dividing the former by the projected level
of annual hours. These estimates of employment include not only wage
and salary workers, but also the self employed and unpaid family work
ers. Once total employment has been computed for a sector, ratios are
used to convert this into the three components of total employment.
These ratios also are projected, with consideration of discernable trends
within the industry.
In the procedure just described, employment is derived from estimated
changes in output per man-hour and estimated 1980 output. When output
by industry is not of interest, there is a short-cut procedure by which the
estimates of final demand by sector can be directly converted into em
ployment. In this procedure, the inverse matrix of the projected 1980
input-output system is converted into an interindustry employment table.
This is accomplished by creating a row vector of employment-output ratios
for each of the 82 sectors and multiplying each element of this vector by
the coefficients in the corresponding row of the 1980 inverse matrix. The
resulting matrix can be used to translate final demand projections by
sector into the direct employment required in that industry to meet this
final demand and the indirect employment required in the supporting
industries which provides the raw materials, parts, component, fuel,
transportation, and distribution services embodied in one of these final
demands. An interindustry employment table for 1980 is provided in
appendix D.
S y ste m B alancing P rocedu res. The 1980 projections contain many com
plex relationships among economic variables that were developed through
a lengthly sequence of operations. It is necessary to have a set of checks
and balances to insure that the various states of the projections make up
an internally consistent model. The economic growth model is designed
to provide a feed-back and balancing procedure with respect to three of
its elements, imports, investment, and employment. Although the treat
ment of these elements has been discussed earlier, their special impor-
73
tance in balancing the system warrants separate presentations. In prac
tice, all three must be brought into balance simultaneously.
Im p o rts. As was noted in earlier descriptions, imports are used in
several ways. First, total imports are a part of the national income and
product accounts and are offset against total exports in order to arrive
at the net exports component of gross national product. Next, imports
are a part of the components of final demand, consumption, investment,
and government. Also, those imports directly competitive with domestic
ally produced products are allocated to the competing industry and
treated as an input. Finally, noncompetitive imports which require fur
ther processing are allocated to the sector that does the processing.
For both competitive and noncompetitive imports, input coefficients
were projected to 1980 by using procedures similar to those used for
other input coefficients. As the economic growth model calculations pro
ceed to the point where industry growth rates in output have been de
rived, it is possible to use the projected output for a sector in combina
tion with the projected import coefficients to derive an estimated level
of imports by industry. The sum of these derived industry imports, when
added to the final demand imports, can be checked against the total im
ports in the net export component of the gross national product.
In addition, since imports by industry have been separately projected,
it is possible to make an industry by industry comparison of those values
and the imports derived by using a sector’s projected output and its
projected import coefficient. Whenever major differences appear, these
discrepancies can be brought into balance in one of several ways. First,
changes can be made in the level of total imports. Second, the industry
composition of total imports can be changed. Finally, changes can be
made in the imports coefficients in the input-output table. In practice, a
check is made of all the elements which go into the import projections
and those which seem the least reasonable are altered.
G ross p riv a te dom estic in vestm en t. The first step in balancing GPDI
within the system is to check and, if necessary, modify the levels of two
categories within this component. These categories are nonresidential
fixed investment composed of business structures and producers’ durable
equipment, and net inventory change.
For producers’ durable equipment and for net inventory change an
industry composition of demand is estimated in the final demand projec
tions sequence of the economic growth model. In the case of producers’
durable equipment the distribution is based on time trends. For net in
ventory change a recent historical distribution is used. In the initial
rounds of calculations changes are made in the industry composition of
these categories of demand, primarily on the basis of requirements im
plied by the projected growth rates in industry outputs. In the case of
inventory change, the industry composition can be weighted toward those
sectors which have unusually high projected rates of growth in output.
For producers durables equipment and for some components of non
residential structures, a more systematic look at the industry composi
tion is involved. This is accomplished by calculating investment-output
ratios for each sector, with projection where a time trend exists, and
relating these ratios to the projected industry growth rates.17 This proced-
74
ure yields estimates of investment requirements in 1980 by purchasing
industry. In order to compare these estimates of investment by pur
chasing industry with the initial industry demands for investment, it is
necessary to convert the former data to a producing industry basis. A
capital flow table is used for this purpose; such a table traces transactions
in investment goods between capital-producing and capital-consuming
industries.18 At this time, the only capital flow matrix is for 1958.19 In
order to take some account of structural changes since 1958, the capital
flow table was aggregated to about 15 sectors. Within these aggregated
sectors, some general structural shifts can be made, such as more com
puters per dollar of investment and less plant per dollar of investment.
Using this aggregated capital flow table, along with the investment by
purchasing industry aggregated to the equivalent sectors, another esti
mate of demand for capital by producing industry can be calculated. If
the industry demands which result are significantly different from those
already included in the model, further modifications may be needed in
the bill of goods for nonresidential construction and producers’ durable
equipment.
E m p lo ym en t. The last area where a balancing check is made is for total
employment. After the economic growth calculations are completed, em
ployment by industry is derived. The individual industry employment
levels are totaled and checked against the total employment used in de
riving the potential growth rate of GNP in the first stage of the calcula
tions. If these levels do not match, several elements within the projections
are checked. For each sector the projections of final demand, input-output
coefficients, and output per man-hour are evaluated. Modifications are
made whenever inconsistencies appear in order to bring about the desired
balance in the employment. Most often these modifications are made in
the individual industry projections of output per man-hour. In theory, of
course, if the industry projections of output per man-hour could be relied
on, the aggregate productivity used in the first step of the projections
could be modified. However, the modifications usually are made in the
detailed industry’s projected rate of change in output per man-hour,
because, first, the aggregate output per man-hour rates have been stable
over most of the postwar period and, second, much remains to be
learned about the appropriate method for projecting industry productiv
ity.
Plans for development of data and techniques
A number of research efforts are now planned or underway under the
aegis of the Interagency Economic Growth Project. The objective of
these research projects is the development of new techniques and addi
tional data leading to improved projections of economic growth.
A g g re g a te E con om etric M odel . In developing the projections contained
in this report, the estimate of total GNP and its composition were made
with only a minimum consideration of the income implications. In order
to overcome this shortcoming, as well as to develop a model useful as an
independent tool, the Interagency Economic Growth Project engaged Dr.
Lester Thurow of MIT to develop an aggregate econometric model of the
75
United States.20 This model is a thirty-equation econometric representa
tion of the U.S. economy and is especially designed to study the effects of
certain alternative fiscal policies.
The Thurow model can be roughly divided into three sections: supply,
income, and demand. The supply side consists of an aggregate produc
tion function which is used to calculate potential private GNP. Total
potential GNP is obtained by adding an exogenous estimate of gross
government product to the estimate of potential private GNP. The
production function used in deriving private GNP has both labor and
capital inputs; consequently, the model derives an estimate of gross
private investment in a simultaneous solution with the production func
tion.
The supply GNP is used in the income portion of the model to cal
culate the income flows. Components of demand GNP are estimated in
constant dollars by using supply GNP and disposable personal income.
Prices used in the system are exogenously estimated. Separate equations
are used to derive each of the major components of final demand. From
the three major parts of the model, estimates can be derived of total
GNP in current and constant dollars, and government revenues and ex
penditures for the Federal government and for State and local gov
ernments.
Although this model was not used in developing the projections for
1980, current plans are to use it in future projection work. It will be an
important factor in determining the overall level of GNP and the demand
composition of this GNP. Also, it will be possible to consider explicitly
some of the implications of the demand projections for income payments
as a part of the economic growth model.
C apital. The estimates of capital requirements in the 1980 projections
(as was true in the earlier 1970 projections) were developed without
the use of gross stocks of capital by industry; also, the only available
capital flow matrix was for 1958. In order to fundamentally improve
projections of the demand for capital by producing industries, estimates
of the levels of capital stock in purchasing industries over time and a
more recent capital flow matrix are necessary. The Interagency Economic
Growth Project has research planned in both of these areas. With re
spect to the former, Jack Faucett Associates has explored methods and
data sources for estimating gross stocks by industry and also has de
veloped gross stock estimates for eight selected input-output sectors; this
research has been published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in a sep
arate report.21
The Office of Business Economics, as one part of its contribution to the
Interagency Economic Growth Project, is beginning work on a 1963
capital flow table which will complement their 1963 input-output table.
In the future, capital flow tables will be a regular part of the work of the
Office of Business Economics in the input-output field; for each year an
input-output table is developed, a complementary capital flow table is
planned. These data on changing capital investment patterns will make
feasible the projection of capital flow tables.
P ro jec tio n s of O u tpu t P e r M an-H our. As is apparent in reading the
earlier description of methods used in the 1980 projections, the projection
76
of the rates of growth in output per man-hour relies primarily on past
trends for most industries. The statistical methods developed to project
output per man-hour by industry, in general, have not been successful.
The problem of how to project labor productivity is of particular interest
to the Bureau of Labor Statistics and one in which much exploratory
work is contemplated.
Sources o f E conom ic G ro w th . The origins of economic growth, of
course, are fundamental to the development of an economic growth model.
The Interagency Economic Growth Project has contracted with Mr. Ed
ward F. Denison of the Brookings Institution to revise, refine, and up
date his earlier work concerning the sources of economic growth in the
United States.22 The current work will include estimates of capital re
quirements as well as estimates of the labor input by industry. The com
pleted work should prove instrumental in future efforts to separate the
factors contributing to economic growth.
FOOTNOTES
1 Th e 8 2 -in d u stry in p u t-o u tp u t table used as the base is the 19 58 table published
b y the Office o f B u sin ess E conom ics in the Septem ber 1965 issue o f the S u r v e y o f
C u r re n t B u sin e ss.
2 W it h zero p rod u ctivity assum ed fo r the g overn m en t sector, the p rojected change
in g ov ern m en t product is sim p ly the projected change in constant dollar com pensa
tion. T h e three levels o f g overn m en t are se p arately treated because o f differences
in th eir level o f com pensation.
3 Th e
derivation
H ou th ak k er,
and
H en d rik ,
fo r m
and
o f these estim a tin g equations
T a y lo r,
S ta te s , 1 9 2 9 - 7 0 , V o lu m e 126,
L ester
D .,
C o n su m er
are
fu lly
D em a n d
[H a r v a r d U n iv e rsity P ress, 1 9 6 6 .]
in
discussed
the
in
U n ited
T h is w ork w ill be
updated in a fo rth co m in g book by the sam e authors.
4 N a n c y W . Sim on, “ P erson al C onsum ption E xp e n d itu res in the 1958 In p u t-O u tp u t
S tu d y ,” S u r v e y o f C u r re n t B u sin e ss [O ctober 1 9 6 5 .] pp. 7 -2 0 .
5 T h e d a ta fo r 19 58 in appen dix D o f the In p u t-O u tp u t tables, tables D - 3 and D - 6
have been m odified fr o m the levels in the orig in a l 1958 in p u t-o u tp u t table to reflect
th is convention.
6 P rojection s o f g ro ss n ation al product, in d u strial production, or population m ade by
the U n ited N a tio n s or b y the O rg an iza tio n o f Econom ic Cooperation and D evelop
m en t are used in m a k in g these projection s.
7 In term ed ia te sector as used here is a n y one o f the industries in the in p u t-o u tp u t
ch art th a t p e rfo rm s fu r th e r processin g o f an item and is m ea n t as a distinction fr o m
a final dem and category.
8 R elative price change is the relation ship betw een the change in price o f a given
com m odity or service and the a vera ge price change o f a ll com m odities and services.
9 V a lu e added o f an in d u stry consists o f labor com pensation, p ro p rieto rs’ incom e,
profits, in terest, depreciation, and indirect business tax es.
10 In algebra ic term s the roles o f the tra n saction s, direct coefficients, and inverse
coefficients m a trice s, and th eir relation ship s to each other, final dem and, and total
o u tp u t are as fo llo w s :
G iv e n :
Y , a n x 1 vector o f final dem ands,
X , a n x 1 vector o f in d u stry outpu ts,
T , a n x n m a tr ix o f in term ediate in p u t-o u tp u t tran saction s in which the
elem ents o f a row or a colum n are additive.
In particular,
n
S T ij + Y i = X i fo r a ll i = 1 , ............................ n
j = 1
w here i ’s rep resen t row s and j ’s rep resen t colum ns.
A n d defining - 5 ^ -
= A i j , T {j = A ij X j
w h ere every A ij is one elem ent in the direct coefficients m a tr ix A .
Then:
n
n
2
A ij X j
i = i
=
2
T ij,
j = i
n
and b y su b stitu tio n : 2 A u X j +
j = l
Yi =
X i fo r each sector.
F o r a ll s e c to rs: A X + Y = X ,
so th a t b y r e a rr a n g in g and fa c to r in g :
X -
A X
= Y , (I -
A )X = Y,
w here I is a n x n id entity m a trix .
F in a lly , derive the in verse o f (I — A ) and p rem u ltip ly both sides o f the la st equation
b y the in verse m a tr ix ( I — A ) -1 so t h a t :
X =
(I -
A ) -1Y .
11 M o rris, R . G oldm an, M a r tin L . M a rim o n t, and B ea trice N . V a c c a r a , S u r v e y o f
C u r re n t B u s in e s s , N ov em b er 1964, and N a tio n a l Econom ics D ivision , S u r v e y o f C u r
r e n t B u s in e s s , Septem ber 1965.
12 V a lu e added b y in d u stry is determ ined ex a ctly in base y ea r
ta b le s;
fo r
other
y e a rs the in d u stry valu es-ad d ed are determ ined only w ithin a ran g e o f reason able
n ess. A d ju s tin g fo r price ch an ges in the elem ents o f valu e added fo r projected y ears
presen ts p a rticu la rly difficult conceptual problem s.
13 The a g g re g a te m ethod described on the fo llo w in g p a ge s fo r u p d atin g an in p u to utpu t table resem bles in m a n y w a y s the Stone or R A S m ethod developed b y P ro
fe s s o r R ich ard Stone o f C am b rid ge U n iv e rsity , E n g la n d . The m ethod described here,
h ow ever, is som ew h at less m echanical th an the Stone M ethod. T he Office o f B usiness
E con om ics, in produ cing the u pdated 1961 in p u t-o u tp u t table which th ey have pu b
lished, used a m ethod sim ila r to th e one described here. H ow ev er, th ey did it in tw o
stag es b y u p d atin g in itially in current prices and then p e rfo r m in g an item b y item
deflation. T h is u n question ably is a superior technique.
14 Since com petitive im p orts are considered in the in p u t-o u tp u t system as a p a r t o f
total su p p ly, change in the ratio o f im p orts to total su p p ly w ill necessitate an equal
and o ffse ttin g change in dom estic production and the input coefficients to produce
this dom estic product.
15 A lth o u g h no direct account is tak en o f value added in the set o f procedures de
scribed h ere, it is im p o rtan t to keep in m ind th a t a ny change in the sum o f coefficients
in a colum n im p licitly ch an ges the v alu e-add ed ratio. C onsequently, it is desirable th a t
the sum o f the coefficients in the colum n not change by a la rg e m a rg in .
16 See footn ote 10 fo r the d erivation o f this question.
17 C on ceptu ally, th is should be calculated u sin g cap ita l stock to o utput ra tios. See
p. 76 o f th is appen dix fo r a discussion o f the research w o rk in cap ital planned to
im prove the economic g ro w th m odel.
ls T h e 1958 cap ital flow m a tr ix tab u la tes tra n saction s in cap ital (p roducers durable
equ ipm en t and
non resid en tial
stru ctu re s)
betw een
industries
th a t
produce
cap ital
goods and those th at pu rch ase the cap ital goods. W h e n e v e r the in d u stry th a t p u r-
78
chases the capital goods is not the industry that uses it, as is sometimes the case for
capital items such as construction equipment, adjustments are made to put the capital
on a using industry basis rather than to have it on a financial or holding industry
basis.
19 Capital Flow Matrix, 1958, BLS Bulletin 1601, (1968).
20 This model was published in the June 1969 issue of the
and is described there in much greater detail.
S u r v e y o f C u rren t B u s
in e ss
21 Capital Stocks, Production Functions and Investment Functions for Selected
Input-Output Sectors, BLS Report 355, (1970). Under another contract with the
Office of Emergency Preparedness, Jack Faucett Associates is developing estimates of
gross capital stocks for each of the input-output sectors.
22 Edward F. Denison, T he S ou rces o f E con o m ic G r o w th and the
[New York Committee for Economic Development, 1962.]
A lte r n a tiv e s
B e fo r e U s,
79
A P P E N D IX B.
B ibliography o f Research B y T h e Interagency
Econom ic G row th Project
G eneral
Alterman, Jack, “ Studies of Long Term Economic Growth,” M on th ly
L a b o r R e v iew , August 1965, pp. 983-987.
______ , “Interindustry Employment Requirements,” M on th ly L abor
R e v iew , July 1965, pp. 841-850.
Jacobs, Eva E. and Kutscher, Ronald E., “ Factors Affecting Changes
in Industry Employment, M on th ly L abor R e v iew , April 1967, pp.
6-12.
Thurow, Lester, “A Fiscal Policy Model of the United States,” S u rv e y o f
C u rren t B u sin ess, Vol. 49, No. 6, June 1969, pp. 45-64.
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, P ro jec tio n s 1970,
Bulletin 1536,1966.
Federal G overnm ent
Colm, Gerhard and Wagner, Peter, F ederal B u d g et P ro jec tio n s: S tu d ies
o f G o vern m en t F inance, Washington, D.C., The Brookings Institu
tion, 1965. (Only partially sponsored from growth project funds.)
Oliver, Richard P., “ The Employment Effect of Defense Expenditures,”
M o n th ly L abor R eview , September 1967, pp. 9-15.
_______ , “ Increases in Defense-Related Employment During the Viet
Nam Buildup,” M on th ly L abor R e v iew , February 1970, pp. 3-10.
Waldorf, William H., “The Responsiveness of Federal Personal Income
Taxes to Income Change,” S u rv e y o f C u rren t B u sin ess, Vol. 47, No.
12, December 1967, pp. 32-45.
Walsh, James I., “ Federal Highway Programs and Employment,”
M on th ly L a b o r R eview , August 1968, pp. 37-39.
State and Local G overnm ent
Council of State Governments, F inancing Public H o sp ita ls and H ealth
S e rv ic e s: 1970 P ro jectio n s, Research Memorandum, Washington,
D.C., unpublished.
______ , F inancing P ublic W elfa re: 1970 P ro jectio n s, Research Mem
orandum 382, Washington, D.C., 1965.
______ , H ealth an d H o sp ita l E x p en d itu res o f S ta te and L ocal G overn
m en ts; 1970 P ro jec tio n s, Research Memorandum 390, Washington,
D.C., 1966.
______ , Incom e an d Sales Taxes: The 1970 Outlook, Research Memor
andum 384, Washington, D.C., 1966.
---------, Incom e Taxes, Washington, D.C., 1965, unpublished.
______ , L ocal School E x p e n d itu re s: 1970 P ro jectio n s, Research Mem
orandum 382, Washington, D.C., 1965.
---------, P r o p e r ty Taxes, The 1970 Outlook, Research Memorandum 381,
Washington, D.C., 1965.
---------, P u blic S pen din g fo r H ig h er E du cation , 1970, Research Mem
orandum 374, Washington, D.C., 1965.
81
S a les an d M isc e lla n e o u s T a x e s : 1 9 7 0 P r o je c t io n s , Washington,
D.C., 1965, unpublished.
______ , S ta te P ro g ra m m in g and E conom ic D evelopm en t, Research Mem
orandum 379, Washington, D.C., 1965.
_______ ,
_______ ,
T r a n sp o r ta tio n O u tla y s o f S ta te an d C itie s : 1 9 7 0 P r o je c t io n s ,
Research Memorandum 375, Washington, D.C., 1965.
______ , W ater, S ew ages, and O th er S a n ita tio n E x p en d itu res, Washing
ton, D.C., 1965, unpublished.
______ , W a ter S u p p ly and S a n ita tio n E x p en d itu res o f S ta te and Local
G o v e r n m e n t : P r o je c t io n s to 1 9 7 0 , Research Memorandum 389,
Washington, D.C., 1966.
Muskin, Selma J. and Adams, Robert F., E m erg in g P a tte rn s o f F ederal
ism , Washington, D.C., The George Washington University, State
and Local Finances Project, March 1966, unpublished.
Muskin, Selma J. and Tupo, Gabrielle C., P r o j e c t 1 9 7 0 : P r o je c t in g th e
S ta te and L o c a l S e c to r , Washington, D.C., The George Washington
University, State and Local Finances Project, June 1966, unpub
lished.
Sacks, Seymour, Police and F ire P ro tectio n , and O th er E x p e n d itu res of
S ta te s and L o ca lities: 1 9 7 0 P ro jectio n s, Syracuse, N.Y., Syracuse
University, unpublished.
Personal Consum ption Expenditures
Brady, Dorothy et al., The D iffusion of N e w P ro d u cts and T heir Im p a ct
on C onsum er E x p e n d itu res, Philadelphia, Pa., University of Penn
sylvania, Department of Economics, Economic Research Services
Unit, December 1962, unpublished.
Ferber, Robert and Guthries, Harold, F a c t o r s In flu en c in g C o n s u m e r B e
h a vior, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, University of Illinois, InterUniversity Committee for Research on Consumer Behavior, Con
sumer Savings Project, August 1964, unpublished.
Friedman, Charles S., “Auto Ownership by Households in Mid-1964:
Influences of Income and Other Socioeconomic Factors/’ S u rv e y of
C u rren t B u siness, Vol. 46, No. 10, October 1966, pp. 14-24.
______ , “The Stock of Automobiles in the U.S.,” S u rv e y of C u rren t
B u siness, Vol. 45, No. 10, October 1965, pp. 21-27.
______ , “ Stock of Passenger C ars: Postwar Growth and Distribution,”
S u r v e y o f C u r r e n t B u s in e s s , Vol. 43, No. 9, September 1963, pp. 1724.
Houthakker, Hendrik and Taylor, Lester D., C o n s u m e r D e m a n d in th e
U n ite d S t a te s , 1 9 2 9 - 1 9 7 0 , Vol. 126, Cambridge, Mass., Harvard Uni
versity Press, 1966. (Revised edition to be published in 1970.)
Simon, Nancy W., “ Personal Consumption Expenditures in the 1958
Input-Output Study,” S u rv e y of C u rren t B u siness, Vol. 45, No. 10,
October 1965, pp. 7-20.
Taylor, Lester D., C o m b in in g T im e S e r ie s and C r o s s S e c tio n a l D a ta ,
Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University, April 1967, unpublished.
_______ ,
P r o je c t in g
C o n s u m e r E x p e n d itu r e s in 1 9 7 0 : A
F in a l R e p o r t,
Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University, 1967, unpublished.
82
Gross Private Domestic Investm ent
Atkinson, T. Jay, “ Factors Affecting the Purchase of New Houses,”
S u r v e y o f C u r r e n t B u s in e s s , Vol. 46, No. 8, August 1966, pp. 20-36.
______ , “ Long Term Influences Affecting the Volume of New Housing
Units,” S u r v e y o f C u r r e n t B u s in e s s , Vol. 43, No. 11, November 1963,
pp. 8-19.
Brown, Murray, “ Depreciation and Corporate Profits,” S u r v e y o f C u r
r e n t B u s in e s s , Vol. 43, No. 10, October 1963, pp. 5-12.
Frumpkin, Norman, “ Construction Activity in the 1958 Input-Output
Study,” S u r v e y o f C u r r e n t B u s in e s s , Vol. 45, No. 5, May 1965, pp.
13-34.
Jack Faucett Associates, Inc., C ap ital S to c k s , P r o d u c tio n F u n c tio n s and
I n v e s t m e n t F u n c tio n s f o r S e le c te d I n p u t-O u tp u t S e c to r s , Silver
Spring, Md., 1968, unpublished.
______ ,
D e v e lo p m e n t o f a M a tr ix o f In te r in d u s tr y T ra n sa ctio n s in C a p
ita l G o o d s in 1 9 6 3 ,
_______ ,
M e th o d o lo g y
Silver Spring, Md., 1966, unpublished.
fo r
C o n s tr u c tin g
S e r ie s f o r I n p u t-O u tp u t S e c to r s ,
G ross
and N e t
C a p ita l S to c k
Silver Spring, Md., 1967, unpub
lished.
_______ ,
P r o je c t io n s
of
B u s in e s s
In v e stm e n t
L e v e ls
to
1970,
Silver
Spring, Md., 1965, unpublished.
Grose, Lawrence, Rottenberg, Irving and Wasson, Robert C., New Esti
mates of Fixed Business Capital in the United States, S u r v e y o f C u r
r e n t B u s in e s s , Vol. 46, No. 12, December 1966, pp. 34-40; also Vol.
47, No. 2, February 1967, pp. 20-24; Vol. 47, No. 12, December 1967,
pp. 46-52; and Vol. 49, No. 2, February 1967, pp. 20-27; Office of
Business Economics, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Jaszi, George, Wasson, Robert C., and Grose, Lawrence, “ Expansion of
Fixed Business Capital in the United States,” S u r v e y o f C u r r e n t
B u s in e s s , Vol. 42, No. 11, November 1962, pp. 9-18.
Kutscher, Ronald E. and Walsh, James I., “ How Business Investment
Affects Employment,” M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , November 1968, pp.
35-39.
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, C a p ita l F lo w s ,
1 9 5 8 , Bulletin 1601,1968.
Exports and Im ports
Allen, William R., N a tio n a l In c o m e , A b s o r p tio n , an d th e B a la n ce o f P a y
m e n ts , Staff Working Paper in Economics and Statistics, No. 3, U.S.
Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics, 1964.
Bowman, Charles, T., “Report on Employment Related to Exports,”
M o n th ly L a b o r R e v i e w , June 1969, pp. 16-20.
______ , “ Employment Related to Exports by States,” M o n th ly L a b o r
R e v i e w , September 1968, pp. 42-44.
Parrish, Evelyn M., A P a t te r n o f B a la n c es o f P a y m e n t B e t w e e n W o r ld
R e g io n s in 1 9 7 0 , Staff Working Paper in Economics and Statistics,
No. 9, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics,
1964.
Roxon, Daniel, “ Domestic Job Attributable to U.S. Exports,” M o n th ly
L a b o r R e v i e w , December 1968, pp. 12-20.
83
In p u t-O u tp u t Coefficients
Harvard University, Harvard Economic Research Project, P ro jec tio n s of
In p u t S tru c tu re (for selected industries), Cambridge, Mass., un
published.
For the following industries:
1. Textiles and apparel (ISP 16,17,18, and 19)
2. Paper and allied products and paper board containers (ISP 24
and 25)
3. Petroleum refining (ISP 31)
4. Glass (ISP 35)
5. Iron and steel (ISP 37)
6. Metal containers (ISP 39)
7. Heating, plumbing, and fabricated structural metals (ISP 40)
8. Screw machines products and other fabricated metal products
(ISP 41 and 42)
9. Engines and turbines (ISP 43)
10. Farm machinery and equipment (ISP 44)
11. Construction, mining machinery, and equipment (ISP 45)
12. Household appliances (ISP 54)
13. Motor vehicles (ISP 59)
14. Other transportation equipment (ISP 61)
15. Transportation and warehousing (ISP 65)
16. Electric and gas utilities (ISP 68)
17. Metalworking sectors: General considerations
______ , P r o je c t io n s o f 1 9 5 8 In p u t-O u tp u t C o efficien ts to 1 9 7 0 , Cam
bridge, Mass., unpublished.
Jack Faucett Associates, Inc., P r o je c t io n s to 1 9 7 0 o f In p u t C o efficien ts f o r
S e le c te d C o n s tr u c tio n A c t i v i t i e s , Silver Spring, Md., 1964, unpub
lished.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, A g r ic u ltu r e
1970:
Its M a rk ets
an d S e le c te d
C h a r a c te r istic s
June 1963, unpublished.
U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines,
of
Its
S tr u c tu r e ,
M e th o d o lo g y U se d to E s t i
m a te 1 9 7 0 I n p u ts an d O u tp u ts o f S ix I n te r in d u s tr y S a le s an d P u r
84
ch a ses ( I S P ) : M in in g and T w o R efin in g S e c t o r s ,
January 1964, un
published.
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
C o effic ien ts , Report 326, 1967.
1 9 7 0 I n p u t-O u tp u t
APPEN DIX C.
Annotated Bibliography of Publications
on Economic Projections
General
“ U.S. Economy in 1980,” M on th ly L abor R e v ie w , April 1970.
Projections for 1980 are developed for the labor force, gross national
product and its major components, output by industry, output per man
hour, employment by sector and occupation. This summary report also
presents the major implications of these projections.
Labor Force
“ The U.S. Labor Force: Projections to 1985,” Sophia C. Travis,
M o n th ly L a bor R e v ie w , May 1970, pp. 3-12.
A complete new set of labor force projections by age, sex, and race
for 1980 is presented. Also, these projections for the first time have
been extended to 1985.
“ Labor Force Projections for 1970-80,” Special Labor Force Report
No. 49, M on th ly L abor R e v ie w , February 1965.
The overall U.S. labor force projections provide data by age and sex
for 1970, 1975, and 1980. They are based on population projections of
the Census Bureau and on BLS projections of past trends in labor force
participation rates of various age-sex groups based on current Population
Survey data since 1948. The projections take account of trends in factors
such as school enrollment and labor force participation of students; work
activity of mothers of young children and other married women, and of
trends in retirement. (These projections are based on the current defini
tion of age 16 and over. See the 1968 M an pow er R e p o rt of the P re sid e n t ,
appendix tables E-2 to E-5.)
“ Labor Force Projections by Color, 1970-80,” Special Labor Force
Report No. 73 M on th ly L abor R e v ie w , September 1966.
Labor force projections by color include data by age and sex for 1970,
1975, and 1980. They are consistent with overall United States projec
tions but were prepared in less age detail.
“ Labor Force Projections by States, 1970 and 1980,” Special Labor
Force Report No. 74 M on th ly L abor R e v ie w , October 1966.
Projections by State are by broad age groups and sex for 1970 and
1980, with data by color for most States. These projections were based
on data from Censuses of 1940, 1950, and 1960 using trends in ratios
of State to national labor force participation rates for each age-sex-color
group.
The projections are intended to be illustrative of a set of consistent
State projections based on past trends and particular assumptions with
respect to migration. They do not take account of specific economic de
velopments in particular States.
“ Education of Adult Workers in 1975,” Special Labor Force Report
No. 95 M on th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , April 1968.
These show years of school completed by age and sex for the civilian
labor force 25 years old and over in 1975: They are consistent with the
projections of the labor force. They are also consistent with the most
recent projections of the educational attainment of the population.
85
Output and Interindustry Relations
P r o je c t io n s 1 9 7 0 ,
(BLS Bulletin 1536), December 1966.
Projections 1970 presents projections of potential demand, its indus
trial structure and the employment consistent with these demand projec
tions. These projections were made using as a framework a projected
input-output table. The 1970 projections were made under four alternative
assumptions regarding the level of unemployment, the level of GNP,
its distribution into major components, and the industrial structure
of demand within each of these components.
1 9 7 0 In p u t O u tp u t C o e ffic ie n ts,
(BLS Report 326).
BLS Report 326 contains the input-output coefficients used in making
the 1970 projections.
Industry and Occupation Detail
P r o je c t io n s 1 9 7 0 .
(BLS Bulletin 1536), December 1966.
The 1970 industry employment projections in this publication were
made with approximately 80 industrial categories both for wage and
salary employment and also for total employment which includes in ad
dition to wage and salary workers, the self-employed and unpaid family
workers.
T o m o r r o w 's M a n p o w e r N e e d s , Volumes I, II, III, IV (BLS Bulletin
1606), 1969.
This four volume publication presents projections to 1975 of national
industrial and occupational manpower requirements and provides a guide
to their use in developing State and area manpower projections. The re
port includes occupational-industry matrices for 1960 and 1975, informa
tion on how to develop death and retirement losses and how to appraise
the adequacy of supply in individual occupations, discussions of changing
occupational patterns for individual industries, and discussions of em
ployment growth and training requirements for several occupations.
A m e r ic a 's In d u str ia l and O ccu p a tion a l M a n p o w e r R e q u ir e m e n ts , 1 9 6 U -
Reprinted from the O u tlo o k f o r T ech n o lo g ica l C h a n g e and E m p l o y
Appendix Volume 1, Report of the National Commission on Tech
nology, Automation, and Economic Progress, Washington, D.C., 1966,
181 pp.
The report was prepared to illustrate the effect of technological inno
vations on manpower requirements for major industries and occupations.
Each industry and occupational statement includes information on past
employment trends through 1964, projected 1975 requirements, and dis
cussion of technological innovations and other economic and demographic
developments affecting manpower needs.
75,
m e n t,
“ Projected Requirements for Technicians in 1980,” Michael F. Crowley,
May 1970, pp. 13-17.
M o n t h ly L a b o r R e v i e w ,
This is a study of the supply and demand of technicians who work
with scientists and engineers. It includes employment estimates for 1966
and projected 1980 requirements, definitions of technician occupations,
analyses of future supply and demand conditions, and sources of educa-
86
tion and training. The study was supported by the National Science Foun
dation and is designed for use in manpower and education planning and
for vocational counseling.
H e a lth
M a n pow er
1 9 6 6 -7 5 :
A
S tu d y
of
R e q u ir e m e n ts
an d S u p p ly ,
(BLS Report 323), 1967, 50 pp.
A report on projected requirements for 13 professional and paraprofessional health occupations in 1975. It includes an analysis of the
number of new workers that would need to be trained to meet growing
manpower requirements. It also presents an analysis of health manpower
requirements by industry. The report was designed for use by Govern
ment officials as an aid in planning training and education programs and
assessing the effect of recent Federal legislation designed to encourage
the training of health workers.
“ Projections of Manpower Supply in a Specific Occupation,” Neal H.
Rosenthal, M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , November 1966, pp. 1262-1266.
This article presents a method for making projections of occupational
supply that illustrates what levels of supply would result if no steps
were taken, through vocational guidance or changes in training programs,
to adjust supply to prospective demand. The article presents projections
of the supply of scientists and engineers to 1975 as an illustration of the
method.
“ Estimating Need for Skilled Workers, 1965-75,” Allan F. Salt
M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , April 1966, pp. 365-371.
This article presents projections of the requirements of skilled work
ers to 1975 and estimates of total openings that will result from growth
and replacement needs between 1965 and 1975 for several skilled occu
pations. The estimates were prepared to provide background informa
tion for planning training programs for skilled workers and for the eval
uation of the adequacy of training activities to meet manpower needs.
“ Teaching Shortage to Ease,” Ludmilla K. Murphy, O ccu pation al O u t
look Q u a r te r ly , September 1968, pp. 36 and 37.
This article presents projections of requirements and supply of ele
mentary and secondary school teachers to 1975. It indicates the implica
tions of the potential rapid expansion of the supply of teachers relative
to requirements.
O ccu p a tion a l O u tlo o k H a n d b o o k , 1 9 6 8 - 6 9 e d itio n , (BLS Bulletin 1550,
1968, 765 pp).
Presents statements on employment outlook through the 1970’s for
approximately 700 occupations and 30 industries. In addition to outlook
statements, the Handbook includes information on the nature of the
work, training requirements, current employment, and earnings and
working conditions. The Handbook is designed for use by vocational
guidance counselors, teachers, and others interested in helping young
people choose a career.
“ Matching Sheepskins With Jobs,” Neal Rosenthal and Janice Neipert
Hedges, M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , November 1968, pp. 9-15.
A study of the supply and demand for college graduates during the
1966-75 period. Presents information on manpower needs that will result
from occupational growth and replacement of those who die, retire, or
otherwise leave the labor force. The analysis of supply discusses not only
new college graduates but also re-entrants, delayed entrants, and immi
grants. Includes discussions of requirements and supply for college grad
87
uates as a whole, and for selected occupations such as physicians, engi
neers, and scientists. The study also discusses implications of the findings
for educators, officials responsible for public policy, students, and coun
selors.
M an pow er R equ irem en ts in O ccupations fo r W hich V ocational E du ca
tio n P re p a res W orkers, July 1969,13 pp.
This pamphlet summarizes estimates of the number of workers who
will be needed annually through the mid-1970,s to meet manpower re
quirements in a large number of occupations for which vocational edu
cation curricula have been developed. It is designed for use in evaluating
at the national level the adequacy of present vocational education pro
grams in meeting manpower needs.
P h.D . S c ien tists and E n g in eers in P riv a te In d u stry, a report is in pro
cess.
This study presents information on the factors underlying the require
ments for Ph.D. scientists and engineers in private industry who have
doctoral degrees. It includes information on recruitment of these work
ers and on supply-demand conditions in the mid-1960,s. Projections of
manpower requirements are made that relate to the Bureau’s economic
model of total industry and occupational manpower requirements. Con
ducted with the financial support of the National Science Foundation
(N SF), the study was designed to aid in making recommendations re
garding the scope of future NSF programs of support for graduate edu
cation in the sciences.
R eq u irem en ts fo r P ilo ts and M echanics in C ivil A v ia tio n , 1966-77.
To be published jointly by the Bureau and the Manpower Administration
in 1970.
A comprehensive study designed to appraise current and future avia
tion manpower requirements and resources. Present estimates of future
requirements for pilots and mechanics in each of the principal sectors of
civil aviation. The study was conducted at the request and with the sup
port of the Federal Aviation Administration and the U.S. Department of
Defense.
88
APPENDIX D. TABLES AND MATRICES
TABLE D-1.
INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF TOTAL FINAL DEMAND1 1958, 1962, 1965 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
Industry number and title
19583
2
1. LIVESTOCK ANO LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS.................................
2. OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ..........................................
3. FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS • .................................
4. AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . .
5. IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .................................
6. NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING................................
7. COAL MINING ..............................................................................
8. CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL G AS ................... ....
9. STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING . ...................
10. CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...................
11. NEW CONSTRUCTION.....................................................................
12. MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ........................
13. ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............................ ......................
14. FOOD ANO KINDRED PRODUCTS..............................................
15. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES. ..................................................
16. BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
17. MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
18. APPAREL .......................................................................................
19. MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
20. LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . .
21. WOODEN CONTAINERS ................................................................
22. HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE . .......................................................
23. OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.......................................... . .
24. PAPER AND ALLIED PROOUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . .
25. PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS ANO BOXES .................................
26. PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................
27. CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
28. PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.................................
29. DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS. . . . .
30. PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................
31. PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
32. RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . . . .
33. LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS
34. FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ........................
35. GLASS AND GLASS PROOUCTS...................................................
36. STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS . . ..........................................
37. PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING........................
38. PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
39. METAL CONTAINERS..................................................................... , .
40. HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS.
41. STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
42. OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .................................
43. ENGINES ANO TURBINES............................................................
44. FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
45. CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . • .
46. MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT. . .
47. METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................
48. SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
49. GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT. . .
50. MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS............................ ...........................
51. OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
52. SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................
53. ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
54. HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES..............................................
55. ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...................
56. RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . • •
57. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ................... # #.
58. MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
59. MOTOR VEHICLES ANO EQUIPMENT................................ .... .
60. AIRCRAFT AND PARTS.................................................................
61. OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.....................................
62. SCIENTIFIC ANO CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...................
63. OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . • •
64. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................
65. TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING............................ .... .
66. COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................
67. RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ............................
68. ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
69. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................
70. FINANCE AND INSURANCE.............................................. . .
71. REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL..............................................
72. HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO
73. BUSINESS SERVICES .................................................................
74. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................
75. AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES.....................................
76. AMUSEMENTS..................................................................................
77. MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS • •
78. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.....................................
79. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...................
80. GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS ANO SERVICES .......................
81. BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS . . . .
82. OFFICE SUPPLIES .....................................................................
83. SCRAP,USED AND SECONDHAND GOODS .................................
84. GOVERNMENT INDUSTRY ............................................................
85. REST OF THE WORD INDUSTRY ..............................................
86. HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY....................................................... .... .
87. INVENTORY VALUATION ADJUSTMENT.....................................
TOTAL ............................................................................................
See footnotes on p. 129.
.
.
.
.
2,757
5,770
193
0
18
164
632
-ll
42
78
52,416
4,420
3,592
47,632
4,660
879
813
11,316
1,222
322
-4
2,634
1,098
1, 185
61
2,814
1,931
318
4,419
44
8,855
1,745
25
2,705
197
351
513
649
67
951
309
926
l , 144
1,878
2,060
593
1,662
1,813
1,453
84
1, 371
1,395
2, 136
2,780
470
4, 335
593
536
14,093
8,729
2,820
1,800
909
3,184
13,463
4,694
9
8,928
67,627
12,028
41,771
9,788
3, 184
372
4,599
3,517
21,419
816
434
- 14,483
0
206
-374
39,029
2,560
3,503
-311
447,325
1962
1965
2,628
4,850
248
-28
65
293
530
41
52
74
58,173
5,075
4, 167
53,514
5,343
1,229
1,123
13,833
1,467
380
34
2,933
1,491
1,560
186
3,580
2,305
650
5,591
64
10,379
2,270
28
2,803
242
392
454
557
59
1,184
390
1,239
1,177
1,928
2,341
716
2,203
2,534
1,788
145
2,319
1,840
2,590
3,239
551
7, 794
1,074
670
22,200
10,625
3,501
2,542
1, 181
4,008
15,853
6,086
23
11,017
79,848
13,872
50,160
11,229
4,356
361
5,061
3,804
24,883
977
626
- 17,574
0
331
249
43,383
3,525
3,323
269
530,076
1,697
5,959
250
1
12
32
9
325
669
60
101
112
64,167
5,640
4,395
56,091
5, 580
1,490
1,441
16,*06
1,904
575
39
3,689
1,918
1,927
128
4, 117
2,648
945
6,789
79
11,875
2,704
48
3, 126
345
518
l , 282
891
165
1,759
634
1,520
1,571
2, 593
3,246
521
2,867
3,276
2, 228
164
3,665
2,526
3,377
4,246
759
9,770
1, 382
891
33, 160
10,489
5,096
2,786
1,934
5.213
18,692
7,801
37
12,966
95,853
16,967
58, 4-40
12,823
4,384
436
5,588
4,095
29,728
1,095
795
- 23,772
0
307
844
47,666
5,458
3, 190
- 2. 123
617,799
1980
1980
1980
1980
3percent 3percent 4percent 4percent
basic
high
high
basic
model 4
durable 4
model 4
durable 4
2,665
2
,6
0
0
2,578
2,688
9,773
9,689
9,927
9,842
367
442
458
3
6
3
-189
-191
-206
-208
237
235
235
233
467
404
401
470
909
961
901
953
77
78
76
76
164
157
156
165
207
20Q
214
215
118,400 123,000 117,216 121,949
10,173
10,261
10,298
10,402
9,565
6,639
9,647
6,588
90,164
86,083
86,825
89,402
7,891
7,668
7,«58
7,734
2,149
2,128
2,167
2, 146
3,151
3,058
3, 178
3,032
25,810
26,884
26,032
26,658
3,094
3,172
3, 121
3,146
1,086
1,077
1,061
1,052
42
45
42
45
7,611
7,676
7,963
7,895
3,934
3,968
3,946
3,978
4, 72?
4,581
4,762
4,620
264
275
266
273
7,924
8,230
8,161
7,992
6,457
6,402
6,688
6,633
1,914
1,930
1,915
1,932
15,375
15,508
16,297
16,162
159
151
2
160
19,41959
19,336
18,647
18,808
5, 819
5,760
5,800
5,751
68
67
66
66
3,744
3,595
3, 626
3,714
635
640
621
626
1,001
999
1,008
1,010
1,797
1,812
1,768
1.782
1,705
1,658
1,720
1,645
239
225
241
224
2,507
2,680
2,703
2,488
1,194
1,184
1,206
1,217
2,829
2,883
2,853
2,860
3,343
3,372
3, 14?
3,166
4,464
4,646
4,686
4,498
5,883
5,934
5,601
5.645
1,868
1, 85?
1,750
1,763
4,742
4,302
4,701
4,336
5,474
5,810
5,860
5.432
4,313
3,842
4,276
3,872
309
306
328
330
17,694
17,543
15,996
15,873
5,550
5,146
5,598
5,105
5,977
6,705
6,648
5,931
9,747
9,664
9,219
9,297
1,599
1,580
1,613
1,568
27,138
24,499
27,372
24,303
3,727
3,044
3,695
3,069
2,038
2,034
2,056
2,018
53,217
55, 315
52,783
54,842
15,214
15,097
20,483
20,660
9,800
9,885
8,735
8,803
5,928
6,650
6,593
5,881
6,944
6,775
7,004
6,721
11,941
11,867
11,839
11,966
36,207
35,898
36,217
35,916
19,517
19,924
19,350
20,090
113
112
113
112
4,460
24,671
25,896
25.678 12
74,745
176,476 176,253 175,001
32,018
31,744
32,948
33,228
138,351 134,435 137,178 133,286
24,006
25,246
25,033
23,801
8,907
8,984
9,054
9,130
1,171
938
931
1,161
10,459
10,371
9,907
9,992
7,276
6,834
6,776
7,215
67,033
63,928
63,382
66,472
2,357
2,377
2,563
2,542
1,939
1,695
1,681
1,923
- 52,084
- 52,088
- 51,638
- 51,628
0
0
0
0
916
1,146
924
1,136
1,481
1,590
1,466
1,602
69,990
68,430
69,290
67,843
11,357
11,473
11,358
11,473
3,338
3, 290
«
3,616
3.586
0
0
0
1, 165,000 1, 170,000 1, 155,000 1, 160,000
TABLE D-2.
INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF TOTAL FINAL DEMAND1 1958, 1962, 1965 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
(Percent distribution)
Industry number and title
1958
2
1. LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS.................................
2. OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS . . .................................
3. FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS .....................................
4. AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . .
5. IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .................................
6. NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING..........................................
7. COAL MINING ..............................................................................
8. CRUOE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .................................
9. STONE ANO CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ........................
10. CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...................
11. NEW CONSTRUCTION.....................................................................
12. MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .......................
13. ORONANCE AND ACCESSORIES............................ ....
14. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS................... .... ......................
15. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES............................................................
16. 8R0AD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. .
17. MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS .
18. APPAREL ........................................................................................
19. MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
20. LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . .
21. WOODEN CONTAINERS ........................................................ . .
22. HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ................... . .................................
23. OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..........................................
24. PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . .
25. PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .................................
26. PRINTING ANO PUBLISHING ...................................................
27. CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
28. PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.................................
29. DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...................
30. PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................
31. PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
32. RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . .
33. LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS .
34. FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ........................
35. GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................
36. STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS.............................................. ....
37. PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING. . . . . .
38. PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
39. METAL CONTAINERS. . ............................................................
40. HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
41. STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS ANO BOLTS. . .
42. OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ............................ .
43. ENGINES AND TUR8INES............................................................
44. FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
45. CONSTRUCTION,MINING ANO OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . .
46. MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
47. METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. ...................
48. S®ECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
49. GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
50. MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS .......................................................
51. OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
52. SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................
53. ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . .
54. HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES. . . . . .....................................
55. ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...................
56. RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . .
57. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ................... .
58. MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.
59. MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
60. AIRCRAFT ANO PARTS.................................................................
61. OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.....................................
62. SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS. . . . .
63. OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . .
64. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................
65. TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING............................ .... .
66. COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................
67. RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ............................
68. ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
69. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................
70. FINANCE AND INSURANCE ................... . ............................
71. REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.......................................................
72. HOTELS,PERSONAL ANO REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO .
73. BUSINESS SERVICES .................................................................
74. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................
75. AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES.....................................
76. AMUSEMENTS.............................................. .... ................................
77. MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS
78. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.....................................
79. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES. . . . .
80. GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ........................
81. BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS . . . .
82. OFFICE SUPPLIES .....................................................................
83. SCRAP,USED AND SECONDHAND GOOOS .................................
84. GOVERNMENT INDUSTRY ............................................................
85. REST OF THE WORD INDUSTRY ..............................................
86. HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY................................................................
87. INVENTORY VALUATION ADJUSTMENT.....................................
TOTAL4..................................................................... ....
.
See fo o tn o te s on p, 129.
90
1962
.62
1.29
.04
.0*0
.04
.1
4
.50
.91
.05
*
.01
.06
.10
.02
11.72
.99
.80
10.65
1.04
.20
.18
2.53
.27
.0*7
.59
.25
.26
.01
.63
.43
.07
.99
*
1.98
.39
*
.60
.04
.08
.11
.15
.01
.21
.07
.21
.26
.42
.46
.13
.37
.41
.32
.02
.31
.31
.48
.62
.11
.97
.13
.12
3.15
1.95
.63
.40
.20
.71
3.01
1.05
*
2.00
15.12
2.69
9.34
2.19
.^1
.08
1.03
.79
4.79
.18
.10
- 3.24
.00
.05
-.08
8.73
.57
.78
-.07
100.00
.01
10.97
.96
.79
10.10
1.01
.23
.21
2.61
.28
.07
*
.55
.23
.29
.04
.68
.43
.12
1.05
.01
1.96
.43
*
.53
.05
.07
. 0°
.11
.01
.22
.07
.23
.22
.36
.44
.14
.42
•48
.34
.03
.44
.35
.49
.61
.10
1.47
.20
. 1
3
4.19
2.00
.66
.48
.22
.76
2.99
1.15
*
2.08
15.06
2.62
9.46
2.12
.82
.07
.95
.72
4.69
.18
.12
- 3.32
.00
.06
.05
8.18
.66
.63
.05
100.00
*
*
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
*
*
1965
.27
.96
.04
.02
.02
.05
.11
*
.02
.02
10.39
.91
.71
9.08
.90
.24
.23
2.67
.31
.09
*
.60
.31
.31
.02
.67
.43
. 1
5
1.10
.01
1.92
.44
*
.51
.06
.08
.21
.14
.03
.28
.10
.25
.25
.42
.53
.15
.46
.53
.36
.03
.59
.41
.55
.69
.12
1.58
.22
.14
5.37
1.70
.82
.45
.31
.84
3.03
1.26
*
2. 10
15.52
2.75
9.46
2.08
.71
.07
.90
.66
4.81
.18
.13
- 3.85
.00
.05
.14
7.72
.88
.52
-.34
100.00
1980
1980
1980
1980
3percent 3percent 4percent 4percent
high
basic
basic
high
model 3
durable 3
model 3
durable 3
.23
.23
.22
.22
.84
.85
.84
.85
.04
.04
.03
.03
-.02
-.02
-.02
-.02
.02
.02
.02
.02
.04
.03
.04
.03
.08
.08
.08
.0*8
*
.01
.0*1
.01
.01
.02
.02
.02
.02
10.16
10.51
1C.15
10.51
.89
.88
. 80
.8
8
.57
.57
.82
.82
7.42
7.74
7.74
7.42
.68
.66
.68
.66
. 1
9
.1
8
.19
.18
.26
.27
.26
.27
2.31
2
.3
1
2.22
2.23
.27
.27
.27
.27
.09
.09
.0*9
.09
*
*
*
.66
. 68
.66
.68
.34
.34
.34
.34
.41
.41
.39
.39
.02
.02
.02
.02
.71
.68
.71
.68
.57
.57
.55
.55
.17
.17
.17
.17
1.40
1.33
1.40
1.33
.01
.01
.01
.01
1.67
1.67
1.61
1.61
.50
.50
.50
.50
*
*
*
*
.32
.31
.32
.31
.05
.05
.05
.05
.09
.09
.09
.09
.15
. 1
5
.15
. 1"
.14
.15
.14
.15
.02
.02
.02
.02
.22
.23
.22
.23
.10
.10
.1
0
.10
.25
.24
.25
.24
.27
.29
.27
.29
.39
.39
..40
.40
.48
.51
.48
.51
.15
.16
.15
.16
.37
.41
.37
.41
.47
.47
.50
.50
.33
.37
.37
.33
.03
.03
.03
.03
1.51
1.37
1.37
1.51
.44
.48
.44
.48
.57
.51
.51
.57
.80
.83
.80
.83
.14
.14
. 14
.14
2.34
2. 10
2.34
2.10
.26
.26
.32
.32
.17
.17
.18
.18
4.57
4.57
4.73
4.73
1.77
1.77
1.31
1.31
.76
.84
.76
.84
.51
. 57
.51
.57
.58
.58
.60
.60
1.03
1.02
1.03
1.02
3.09
3.11
3.09
3.11
1.67
1.7*2
1.67
l ,73
*
*
*
2.22
2. 11
2.22
2.11
15. 15
15.15
15.06
15.06
2.85
2.74
2.85
2.74
11.49
11.49
11.88
11.88
2.17
2.05
2.17
2.05
.78
.77
.78
.77
.08
.10
.08
.10
.90
.85
.90
.85
.58
.62
.62
.58
5.75
5.46
5.76
5.46
.22
.20
.22
•20
.14
. 1
7
.14
.17
- 4.47
- 4.47
- 4,45
- 4.45
.00
.00
.00
.00
.08
.10
.08
.10
.14
.13
.1
3
. 14
6.01
5.85
6.00
5.85
.98
.98
.98
.98
.29
.31
.31
.28
.00
.00
.00
.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
TABLE D-3.
INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF PERSONAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES 1958, 1962, 1965 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
( M i ll i o ns of 1958 d o l la r s)
I ndustry n u m be r and title 1
1958 2
1962
1965
1980
3 pe rc e nt
b as i c
model 3
1980
3 p e rc e nt
high
durable 3
1980
4 pe rc e nt
b a si c
m ode l 3
1980
4 pe rc e nt
high
durable 3
l.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS..................................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS .............................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ........................................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . . . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ..................................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING.............................................................
COAL MINING .........................................................................................................
2 , UO
2,428
2 81
0
0
0
2 61
1 ,883
2 ,297
301
0
0
0
186
2,436
336
0
0
0
246
2,2^ 4
3,889
557
0
0
0
102
2,198
3 , 7 84
537
0
0
0
99
2,255
3,«56
5 52
0
0
0
101
2,179
3 ,722
5 32
0
0
n
98
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..................................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .......................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING..................................
NEW CONSTRUCTION.............................................................................................
MAINTENANCE ANO REPAIR CONSTRUCTION . . . . . . . .
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES........................................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ............................ . . . . . . .
0
17
1
0
0
158
45,376
0
21
2
0
0
2 01
5 0,547
0
22
0
0
0
248
52,832
0
48
0
0
0
620
83,169
0
47
0
0
0
6 19
80,227
0
48
0
0
0
615
82,447
0
47
0
n
6 16
79,5 4 ?
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES...................................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MI LLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
A P P A R E L ...................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .......................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS.EXCEPT CONTAINERS.......................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ........................................................................................
4,249
696
743
11,0 3 3
1,101
149
0
4,847
8 25
909
12,7 1 9
1,339
174
0
5,113
1,034
1,13 9
15,3 5 3
1,698
222
C
7,273
1,662
2,565
25,065
2,735
301
0
7,045
1,633
2,657
2 4,306
2,688
307
0
7,212
1,648
2,54 3
24,834
2,712
29?
0
6,988
1,619
2 ,634
2 4,099
2,665
306
0
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ...................................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.............................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ....................... . . . . .
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING . . . .
..................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS............................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..................................................
2,41 6
1 29
848
38
2 ,444
213
10
2 ,606
1 58
1,039
45
2 ,991
259
14
3,333
205
1, 172
50
3 ,372
270
17
6 ,882
376
2,58 8
109
6 ,065
599
26
7,284
391
2 ,494
105
6,042
591
25
6 ,823
373
2,56 6
108
6,01 4
594
26
7,222
3 38
2,473
104
5 ,991
5 86
25
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS.CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS. . . . . . .
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS...................................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES .......................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS.......................
LEATHER TANNING ANO INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .......................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS............................ ..... .....................................
3 ,704
18
7 ,257
1,308
0
2 ,594
1 30
4,66 9
22
8 ,134
1,731
0
2 ,59 7
1 47
5,602
24
9,47 3
2,022
0
2,939
1 83
1 3,857
5?
14,618
6 ,263
0
3,56?
3 12
13,380
14,159
4 ,357
0
3,45 3
324
13,7 4 0
52
14,494
4,227
0
3 ,533
3 09
1 3,265
51
14,039
4,330
0
3,423
3 22
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ........................................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.......................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ............................
METAL CONTAINERS..............................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PROOUCTS AND BOLTS.......................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ..................................................
2 14
19
11
0
70
2 49
3 72
243
22
13
0
84
267
451
288
26
17
C
99
3 32
5 62
486
4?
33
0
2 07
563
1,09 6
4 91
41
34
0
2 18
585
1,101
480
42
33
0
2 05
5 58
1,08 7
4 87
41
34
c
216
581
1,092
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
FNGINES AND TURBINES...................................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.............................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.......................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . ............................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT............................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.......................
126
8
0
0
31
19
0
150
11
0
0
39
24
0
1 99
14
0
0
50
31
0
617
25
0
0
63
57
0
711
26
0
0
65
60
0
621
25
0
0
62
57
0
7 05
26
0
n
66
60
0
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ..............................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES............................
SFRVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..................................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES....................... ...........................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT..................................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
0
58
2 47
15
2 ,371
313
1,353
0
73
3 01
18
2,853
388
1,826
0
95
363
22
3,718
468
3,015
0
177
6 69
45
8,479
838
9,00 8
0
1 84
790
45
8 , 894
831
9,78 3
0
176
6 63
45
8,407
831
9,021
0
182
784
45
8,818
823
9 ,6 9 °
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ..................................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES ANO EQUIPMENT.............................................................
AIRCRAFT ANO PARTS........................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT........................................................
SCI ENTI FI C AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS..................................
OPTICAL.OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
149
260
9,19 8
27
725
349
4 51
2 01
333
13,2 2 2
33
979
496
6 12
3 28
401
19.577
43
1 ,6 4 1
574
760
1,014
9 59
3 1,394
1 49
2,715
1,056
1 ,975
1,05 5
985
33,465
155
3 , 106
1,081
2 , 0 08
1,005
991
3 1,129
1 68
2,692
1,04 7
1 ,988
1,04 7
977
33,179
1 54
3,079
1.07 2
1,901
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .............................................................
TRANSPORTATION ANO WAREHOUSING.......................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING .............................................
ElECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVI CES............................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE...................................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE .................................. . . . . . . . .
2,52 6
8 , 5 68
3 ,908
0
8 ,058
6 1,493
11,813
3 ,004
9,05 8
4 ,918
0
10,023
71,3 3 6
13,604
4,061
11,726
6 , 285
0
11,6 8 5
8 5,256
16,676
9 t 208
22,238
16,822
0
22,801
153,969
31 , 9 9 7
9,46 4
21,6 1 4
1 6,106
0
22,042
154,026
30,977
9 , 220
22,050
16,383
0
22,609
152 ,6 69
3 1,7 2 7
9,383
21,4 3 1
15,968
0
21,854
152,707
30,712
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.............................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES .........................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT........................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR ANO SERVICES........................................................
AMUSEMENTS............................ .................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
39,946
9 , 2 63
1,888
0
4 , 386
3 , 186
20,445
4 7,587
10,7 4 7
2,26 3
0
4 ,818
3,501
23,9 4 4
56,196
12,1 7 8
2 , 5 33
0
5,37 8
3,502
130,874
23,681
3,878
0
9,622
6,64?
28,302
62,542
1? R , 8 76
22,664
3 , 759
0
9,32 3
6,16 2
60,256
129,769
23,6 8 1
3,845
0
9,541
6,586
62,014
127,773
22,6 7 1
3 ,727
0
9,243
6,110
59,741
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES........................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES..................................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS ANO SERVICES .......................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT ANO GIFTS ............................
OFFICE SUPPLIES ..............................................................................................
SCRAP,USED AND SECONDHAND GOODS ..................................................
GOVERNMENT INDUSTRY ...................................................................................
6 32
3 12
3,855
0
0
-55
0
747
405
5 ,209
0
0
-4 4
0
8 31
512
6 ,044
0
0
-6 0
0
1,692
1,158
12,519
0
0
-30
0
1,634
1,124
12,166
0
0
-21
0
1,679
1,148
12,413
0
0
-30
0
1 ,620
1,114
12,060
0
0
-24
0
85.
86.
87.
REST OF THE WORD INDUSTRY ...................................................................
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY........................................................................................
INVENTORY VALUATION ADJUSTMENT........................................................
T O T A L ....................................... .................................................................................
0
3,502
0
290,063
0
3,322
0
3 38 ,6 44
0
3 ,189
0
397,699
0
3,613
0
758,300
0
3,335
0
748,000
0
3,58 3
0
751,900
0
3 ,295
0
741 ,6 00
Se e fo otno te s on p.
1 ,8 2 0
e l
0
129.
91
TABLE D-4.
INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF GROSS PRIVATE DOMESTIC INVESTMENT1 1958, 1962, 1965 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
( M i ll i o ns of 1958 d ol l a r s )
I ndus try n u m be r and title 2
1958
1.
2.
3.
A.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK ANO LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS.......................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ............................ . . . .
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS . . .
............................
AGRICULTURAL.FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVI CES. • .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .......................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING..................................................
COAL MINING . . ...................................................................................
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
1 A.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .......................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING . . . . . .
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING.......................
NEW CONSTRUCTION...................................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ............................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES..............................................................
F 0 0 0 AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ........................................................
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES........................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICSt YARN AND THREAO MI LLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS • .
APPAREL .........................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
LUM8 ER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . .
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..............................................................................
22.
23.
2A.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ........................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .......................................
PRINTING ANO P U B L I S H I N G ............................ ............................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.......................................
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING ANO TOILET PREPARATIONS.......................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS........................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . •
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS ®LASTICS PRODUCTS. . .
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PROOUCTS .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ............................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS..............................................................
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS .............................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING............................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL CONTAINERS...................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PROOUCTS.
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS . . .
.......................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES........................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.............................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT. . . .
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ...................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ........................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES........................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT.......................
RADI O,TELEVI SI ON AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. .
• •
919
1,434
29
-4
938
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS ANO ACCESSORIES ....................... # #
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. •
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS. . . . . . .
....................... . . .
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.............................................
SCI ENT IF IC ANO CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS.......................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC ANO PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . • •
59
3,04 6
96
1,10 3
524
168
64.
65.
313
661
36 2
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ..................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING.............................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ..................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVI CES. . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE........................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ...................................................................
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL. . . ..................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..............................................................................
RESEARCH ANO DEVELOPMENT.............................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR ANO SERVICES.............................................
AMUSEMENTS....................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS • •
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.............................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.......................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ............................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT ANO GIFTS . . . .
OFFICE S U P P L I E S ........................................................................ ..... .
SCRAP,USED AND SECONDHAND GOODS .......................................
GOVERNMENT INDUSTRY ........................................................................
85.
86.
87.
REST OF THE WORO INDUSTRY ........................................................
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY..............................................................................
INVENTORY VALUATION ADJUSTMENT.............................................
TOTAL ...............................................................................................................
66.
See f oo tn ote s on p.
92
129.
601
4 28
19
20
-2 3
-32
-2 2
-40
4
-l
36,957
0
84
2 48
-26
-1 04
18
-123
-l
68
-9
120
.
.
7 99
-3
-1
ll
-2 4
-4 4
56
-4
-136
20
.
-3
37
-5
28
-160
-1 0
.
.
.
.
23
639
-67
118
516
1,648
1,24 6
3 28
1 ,0 2 2
1,361 N
970
-1 0
1 ,0 0 1
.
.
1965
1962
-2 1
1980
1980
1980
1980
3 pe rc e nt
basic
m ode l 3
3 pe rc e nt
high
durable 3
4 p e r ce n t
b as i c
model 3
4 p e r ce n t
high
durable 3
260
732
74
15
55
35
54
63
698
-144
16
14
-5
4
-17
-2 0 0
528
54
54
35
18
7
260
735
74
13
53
3?
9
262
738
75
15
55
35
10
258
729
73
13
53
32
9
21
8
0
38
39
53
60
55
63
53
60
0
0
0
0
0
4 1,2 3 6
45,291
7 4,996
84,896
74,246
8 4,170
0
0
0
0
101
0
0
no
0
100
199
201
107
12
14
175
365
737
48
133
494
16
1 48
137
629
27
62
18
82
1 68
Q
150
12
10
109
1 99
14
174
3 62
7 32
48
132
20
1 72
339
7 35
45
1 30
18
223
1,346
130
48
96
237
175
3 54
2 ,585
2 04
98
1 27
393
279
309
2,74»
205
3 51
2,565
202
306
2,725
2 03
100
97
126
355
277
1 28
357
277
244
13
1 53
1 65
14
408
15
214
264
102
121
1 16
410
19
216
2 67
14
1 17
405
15
157
85
-4
14
47
66
68
66
406
19
214
265
13
116
67
32
99
16
545
5
2 68
57
553
308
142
1,130
59
451
77
621
4 83
176
1 ,501
71
654
79
640
4 86
189
1,616
75
720
76
616
479
1 75
1.490
70
649
78
635
482
1 87
1,602
74
714
524
1 ,648
1 ,310
416
1,40 2
1,86 0
1,209
647
2 ,204
2 , 100
702
2,238
2 ,525
1,73 7
055
3,453
3,31 9
1,135
3 ,193
3 ,687
2,758
1,032
3 ,660
3 , 5 95
1,26 0
3, 590
4 ,114
3 , 165
948
3,42 7
3,29 4
1,126
3 ,169
3,659
2 ,737
1,023
3,62 8
3,56 5
1,24 9
3 ,5 5 °
4 ,078
3 ,138
39
1,498
1,288
1,973
174
56
1,80 5
47
2,496
1,761
2,526
252
1 33
2,00 7
69
12,181
3,335
4 ,299
4 17
300
7,56 1
70
1 3,4 0 8
3 , 7 00
*,740
456
3 35
7 ,500
68
12,0 8 9
3,310
4.266
4 14
29 8
7 ,504
69
13,293
3,668
4,700
452
3 32
7,53 6
202
1 50
6 ,657
1,068
1,309
776
267
3 91
180
10,813
1,289
2, 185
1,099
6 62
7 54
3 66
15,5 4 0
3,23 1
4 ,424
2,12 6
3,687
797
4 10
15,606
3.475
4 85
783
4 69
523
1,353
690
849
2,911
1,460
177
1,025
68
30
70
69
91
1 42
2
-1 0 2
200
630
35
113
12
20
1 29
360
280
m
336
729
45
129
18
212
262
12
115
20
90
* ,* 0 0
748
3 63
15,4 2 3
3.207
4 , 3 «1
2,380
3,84 0
3,659
790
406
15,473
3,44 5
4 ,362
2,36 0
3 ,807
870
3,180
1,610
843
2 , 889
1 ,449
863
3,153
1,596
2 ,1 1 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 , 816
5,213
6,910
14,333
14,004
14,225
1 3,884
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,209
1 ,1 0 0
0
0
0
0
l , 124
4 , 1 04
2,604
4 ,063
2,58 2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15
67
84
85
83
84
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
43
50
60
50
60
0
0
0
0
-1 1 2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-701
-354
- 1 ,0 0 0
c
-900
0
0
-1 ,02 8
-990
-880
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-311
60,901
269
79,405
-2 ,12 3
99,2 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2 0 0 ,2 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
184 ,7 00
198,500
0
0
0
0
22
0
0
0
24
186,300
0
n
TABLE D-5.
INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF PRODUCER'S DURABLE EQUIPMENT 1 1958, 1962, 1965 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
( Mi l l i o n s of 1958 d o l l a r s )
I ndus try n u m be r and title 2
1962
1958
1965
1980
3 p e r ce n t
basic
model 3
1980
3 pe rc e nt
high
durable 3
1980
4 p e r ce n t
basic
model 3
1980
4 pe rc e nt
high
durable 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK ANO LIVESTOCK PROOUCTS..................................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PROOUCTS .............................................................
FORESTRY ANO FISHERY PROOUCTS ........................................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY ANO FISHERY SERVICES.......................
IRON ANO FERROALLOY ORES MINING ..................................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING.............................................................
COAL MINING .........................................................................................................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
C
0
0
0
0
0
0
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM ANO NATURAL GAS ..................................................
STONE ANO CLAY MINING ANO QUARRYING .......................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING..................................
NEW CONSTRUCTION..............................................................................................
MAINTENANCE ANO REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .......................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES........................................................................
FOOD ANO KINDRED PROOUCTS ...................................................................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES...................................................................................
BROAD ANO NARROW FABRICS,YARN ANO THREAO MI LL S. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ....................................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PROOUCTS .......................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS.......................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ....................................... . .......................................
0
0
45
0
0
6
0
0
0
64
0
0
6
0
n
0
62
0
n
6
0
0
0
1 67
0
0
5
0
0
0
1 90
0
0
5
0
0
0
1 66
0
0
5
0
o
0
1 88
0
0
5
0
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ...................................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE ANO FIXTURES.............................................................
PAPER ANO ALLIED PROOUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ..................................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ........................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS............................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..................................................
126
798
0
0
0
0
0
1 42
1,020
0
0
0
0
0
165
1, 3 0 4
0
0
0
0
0
280
2 ,547
0
0
0
0
0
230
2,703
0
0
0
0
0
278
2,52 5
0
0
0
0
0
228
2 ,680
0
o
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS..................................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS...................................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES .......................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PROOUCTS......................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PROOUCTS . .
POOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .......................................
GLASS AND GLASS PROOUCTS........................................................................
0
0
0
52
0
5
0
0
0
0
14
0
0
0
0
0
0
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
34
0
0
0
0
0
0
35
0
0
0
0
0
0
34
0
0
0
0
0
0
35
0
0
0
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ........................................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.......................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ............................
METAL CONTAINERS..............................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.......................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ..................................................
0
0
0
10
708
0
166
0
0
0
11
560
0
169
0
0
0
38
902
0
235
0
0
0
58
1,1«0
0
3 84
0
0
0
66
1,300
0
4 40
0
0
0
58
1 ,180
0
381
0
0
0
65
1,289
0
436
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES............................ ......................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . . . . . . . . . .
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT.......................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.......................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT............................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.......................
576
1,670
1 ,319
352
l , 1 53
1,468
1,05 1
474
1,532
1,272
434
1,328
1,84 8
1,141
534
2,03 5
2,018
6 81
2,03 4
2,397
1 , 5 38
818
3,301
3 ,250
1,120
3,050
3 ,580
2,550
887
3,50 0
3 ,520
1,240
3,440
4,00 0
2 ,950
911
3,273
3 ,222
1,110
3 ,024
3 ,550
2,528
8 79
3 ,470
3 ,490
1,229
3 ,411
3 ,966
2 ,925
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ..............................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES............................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ...................................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES...................................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING ANO WIRING EQUIPMENT..................................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
0
1,016
955
1,617
93
25
1,009
0
1,430
1.243
1,918
101
39
1,634
0
2 ,290
1,635
2 ,355
1 49
86
1,721
0
11,7 1 0
3,199
4,100
284
209
7 ,190
0
12,500
3 ,400
4,50 0
320
240
7,21 0
0
11,610
3.1T 2
4 ,065
282
207
7,11 9
0
12,393
3,371
4 ,462
317
2 38
7,148
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ....................... . .
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.............................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS.................................................. ..... ................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT........................................................
SCI ENTI FI C AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS..................................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
27
83
3 , 5 75
358
1,178
532
163
52
125
5 ,917
883
1 ,167
7 04
252
1 36
1 42
8,600
1,119
1 , 8 98
958
592
380
3 09
13,462
3 ,069
4 ,127
1,952
3 ,600
420
350
13,400
3,31 0
4,100
2,20 0
3,750
377
306
13,347
3,043
4,09 2
1,935
3,569
416
347
13,286
3,28 2
4,065
2,18 1
3,718
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .............................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING........................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING.............................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ............................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES............................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE...................................................................
FINANCE ANO INSURANCE ..............................................................................
279
5 07
362
0
0
3 ,747
0
381
6 40
469
0
0
4,742
0
406
8 45
680
0
0
5, 927
0
6 80
2 ,232
1,46 0
0
0
12,763
0
700
2 ,500
1,610
0
0
12,424
0
674
2 , 2 13
1,44 8
0
0
12,654
0
694
2,47 9
1,596
n
0
1 2,318
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL..............................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ........................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT........................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES........................................................
AMUSEMENTS...............................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES........................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES....................... ..... .
GPOSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND S E R V I C E S .......................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ............................
OFFICE SUPPLIES ..............................................................................................
SCRAP,USEO AND SECONDHAND GOODS ..................................................
GOVERNMENT INDUSTRY ...................................................................................
0
0
16
0
0
-19
0
0
0
21
0
0
0
0
0
0
42
0
0
4 50
0
0
0
50
0
0
800
0
0
0
60
0
0
900
0
0
0
50
0
0
7 92
0
0
0
60
0
0
933
0
85.
36.
87.
REST OF THE WORD INDUSTRY ...................................................................
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY.........................................................................................
INVENTORY VALUATION ADJUSTMENT........................................................
TOT A C , .........................................................................................................................
0
0
0
2 5,028
0
0
0
31,733
0
0
0
4 *,00 2
0
0
0
93,900
0
0
0
9 8,400
0
0
0
93,1 0 0
0
0
0
97,600
0
0
0
°
See footnotes on p. 129.
93
TABLE D-6.
INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF NET EXPORTS1 1958, 1962, 1965 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
( M i ll i o ns o f 1958 d ol l a r s )
Indust ry n u m be r and title 2
1958 3
1962
1965
1980
3 pe rc e nt
basic
m odel4
1980
3 pe rc e nt
high
durable 4
1980
4 pe rc e nt
basic
m odel4
1980
4 pe rc e nt
high
durable 4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS. . ..................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PROOUCTS ........................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ..................................................
AGRICULTURAL.FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .............................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING........................................................
COAL MINING ...................................................................................................
38
1 ,814
30
3
41
4
3 32
27
2,473
38
6
70
6
239
44
3,382
60
13
104
30
328
71
5 ,185
o1
13
1 82
26
541
71
5 , 185
91
13
182
26
541
70
5 , 140
90
13
1 80
26
536
70
5,140
90
13
180
26
5 36
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .............................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ..................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION.........................................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ............................ .
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS .............................................................
28
23
55
2
0
17
1*681
20
29
64
2
0
135
1,900
22
51
99
2
0
1 85
2,351
23
91
173
4
0
535
4 ,7?7
23
91
1 73
4
0
535
4 ,727
23
90
172
4
0
530
4 ,686
23
90
172
4
0
5 30
4,68 6
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES..............................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS » YARN AND THREAD MI LLS. .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS .
APPAREL . . . . .
...................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS.EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . . .
WOODEN CONTAINERS ...................................................................................
437
227
46
273
19
1 10
3
4 80
212
66
2 98
23
1 49
3
4 57
216
90
320
72
248
2
666
188
1 36
434
1 42
638
4
666
188
1 36
434
142
638
4
6 60
186
135
430
141
633
4
660
186
135
430
141
633
4
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE . ........................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.......................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .............................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS.......................
PLASTICS ANO SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.............................................
16
18
262
19
94
676
■» 19
14
13
395
23
1 39
977
513
20
12
551
13
201
1, 2 3 7
737
32
7
1,769
19
700
3,165
1,58 3
32
7
1,769
19
700
3 , 1 65
1,58 3
32
7
1,754
19
694
3,138
1,569
1 ,754
19
694
3 ,138
1,56 °
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.............................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . . .
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . . .
LEATHER TANNING ANO INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .................................
GLASS ANO GLASS PRODUCTS..................................................................
27
657
212
28
49
69
369
27
6 27
255
32
33
81
4 46
32
7 77
320
34
23
115
569
66
1 ,088
59?
53
30
2 48
569
66
1,088
592
53
30
2 48
564
65
1,079
5 87
53
30
246
564
65
1,079
587
53
30
246
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING..................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING .......................
METAL CONTAINERS.........................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .............................................
100
5 35
305
26
2 25
28
2 58
1 08
416
399
23
251
35
262
163
590
500
13
273
143
3 31
409
915
952
25
4 10
335
563
409
915
9 52
25
410
335
5 63
405
907
944
25
406
3 32
558
40c
907
25
406
3 32
5 58
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES....................... ......................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.......................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
2 11
188
7 09
76
3 31
3 70
2 75
277
228
872
36
5 24
555
3 33
495
3 41
1,053
1 08
4 16
612
401
1,180
858
2,048
204
708
1,45 0
RO0
1,180
858
2,0*8
204
708
1,45 0
800
1,170
851
2,030
2 02
702
1,433
793
1,170
851
2,039
202
702
1 ,438
793
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES.......................
SERVICE INOUSTRY MACHINES .............................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES. .......................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT............................
RADI O,TELEVI SI ON AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . .
15
136
135
281
2 08
64
2 12
5
322
179
344
194
75
3 17
14
463
2 72
462
2 56
124
403
20
2,09 6
873
1,11 5
346
399
1 ,012
20
2,09 6
873
1 ,115
346
399
1 ,012
20
2,078
865
1,10 5
34 3
39 6
1 ,003
20
2 , C78
8 65
1 ,105
3 43
3 96
1,003
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.
MOTOR VEHICLES ANO EQUIPMENT........................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS...................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..................................................
S CI ENT IF IC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS............................
OPTICAL.OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . .
90
71
921
5 59
299
133
1 07
147
77
1,138
1,068
191
3 36
1 50
203
1 46
1,43 0
1 ,212
2 74
3 58
250
686
361
2,81 1
2,87 1
2 Q0
1,287
6«5
4 86
361
2,811
2 ,371
290
1,23 7
6 95
680
358
2,787
2,846
2 88
1 ,276
689
680
3 58
2 ,787
2,846
288
1,276
689
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING . . .
.................................. •
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING..................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING.......................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING .......................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES.......................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE.............................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................................
1 25
2 , 393
65
9
36
1,500
23
188
2,872
82
20
35
1 ,9 Q 0
28
256
3 , 5 61
111
34
34
2 ,440
36
597
6,83 3
151
1 13
72
5,170
1 29
5 97
6,833
151
113
5 , 170
1 29
5 92
6 ,774
150
112
71
5,126
128
5 92
6,77 4
1 50
1 12
71
5,12 6
128
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL. .................................. . . . . . .
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVI CES, EXCEPT AUTO .
BUSINESS SERVICES ................................................................... . . .
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. .............................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES..................................................
AMUSEMENTS........................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS .
2 71
192
2 49
0
1
335
9
429
202
330
17
1
346
10
437
287
418
0
1
4 63
14
977
431
776
0
2
682
26
977
431
7 76
0
2
682
26
069
427
769
0
2
6 76
26
96Q
427
769
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES..................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS ANO SERVICES ..................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS .......................
OFFICE SUPPLIES .........................................................................................
SCRAP,USED AND SECONDHAND GOODS . .......................................
GOVERNMENT INOUSTRY ..............................................................................
61
3
- 2 1 , 082
0
0
250
0
76
-1
-25,4 7 4
0
0
324
0
92
3
- 3 2 , 321
0
0
442
0
170
7
-6 8 ,9 3 3
0
0
C 11
0
1 70
7
-6 8,9 3 3
0
0
911
0
169
7
-6 8 ,3 3 9
0
0
903
0
169
7
-6 8,3 3 9
0
0
903
85.
86.
87.
REST OF THE WORD I N D U S T R Y ....................... .....................................
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY...................................................................................
INVENTORY VALUATION ADJUSTMENT..................................................
TOTAL ....................................................................................................................
2 , 867
1
0
2,205
4,42 0
l
0
4,546
5,931
l
0
6 ,200
1 1,973
3
0
9,600
11,9 7 3
3
0
9,60 0
11,8 5 2
3
0
9 ,500
11,85?
3
0
9 ,500
See fo otn ote s on p.
94
130.
.
.
•
.
.
.
.
•
.
•
.
•
.
->z
32
7
044
9
2
6 76
26
TABLE D-7.
INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF PURCHASES BY FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 1958, 1962, 1965 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
( M i ll i on s of 1958 d ol l a r s )
I ndustry n um be r and title 1
1958 2
1980
3 pe rc e nt
b a si c
m odel3
1965
1962
1980
3 pe rc e nt
high
durable 3
l.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS..................................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS .............................................................
FORESTRY AMD FISHERY PRODUCTS ........................................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES.......................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ..................................................
NONE EPROUS METAL ORES MINING.............................................................
COAL MINING .........................................................................................................
-3
1,073
-1 37
45
0
192
0
5
205
-107
38
0
283
54
6
-412
-200
74
0
277
11
18
37
-358
233
0
412
26
13
26
-244
1 64
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..................................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .......................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING..................................
NEW CONSTRUCTION..............................................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION . . . . . . . .
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES....................................................... .....
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..................................................................
1
10
11
3 , 38 8
1,031
3,32 9
55
0
0
2
3 ,448
1 ,204
3 ,824
269
0
0
2
2 ,954
1,45 3
3,873
313
0
0
0
7,400
2,695
5 ,354
708
0
0
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.............................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABR ICS,YARN AND THREAD MI LLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ....................................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .......................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS.......................
..................................................................
WOOOEN CONTAINERS . . . .
0
51
5
41
103
-6
2
0
34
10
71
77
-6
12
0
80
10
73
98
-9
17
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ...................................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES............................ ................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PROOUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ..................................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ........................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SFLECTEO CHEMICAL PRODUCTS............................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS. . . . .
.......................
25
26
72
5
92
824
13
42
69
54
88
176
678
32
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS..................................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS....................................... ...........................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES ......................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS......................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
ROOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS . . . . . . . .
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS........................................................................
150
3
745
1 30
0
23
3
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ........................................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING. . . . . . . .
PRIMARY NONFFRROUS MFTALS MANUFACTURING ............................
METAL CONTAINERS..............................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.......................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ..................................................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
1980
4 pe rc e nt
basic
model 3
1980
4 p erce nt
high
durable
18
37
-355
2 31
0
409
26
13
26
-241
163
n
340
27
6,900
2,791
8,358
521
0
0
0
7 , 3 26
2,668
5,314
7 02
0
0
0
6,841
2,767
8 ,287
5 17
4
103
12
1 54
2 47
-14
17
6
1 14
14
1 32
2 40
2
18
4
102
12
153
245
-14
17
6
113
14
131
237
2
18
12
63
65
17
105
608
16
10
1 94
1 78
49
2 04
1,119
42
11
152
132
42
191
1 ,156
44
10
192
1 77
49
2 02
1,111
42
11
1 51
131
42
189
1,146
44
222
13
912
70
0
69
0
2 47
10
948
61
0
41
0
683
19
1,04 9
1 02
l
30
0
509
24
1,289
118
l
20
0
679
19
1,042
101
l
30
0
5 05
24
1,278
1 17
1
20
0
5
118
343
18
17
94
132
3
114
46
20
304
79
194
4
112
66
5
257
90
95
12
198
190
24
389
225
317
9
210
248
27
459
1 79
262
12
1 97
189
24
3 87
2 23
3 15
9
208
245
27
456
1 77
26C
FNGINES AND TURBINES.................................................. ................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . . . . . . . . . .
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.......................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT............................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . . .
2 88
17
84
139
2 73
33
203
220
11
1 43
144
227
35
237
215
12
63
44
138
34
77
3 88
60
183
168
327
60
282
427
57
2 12
1 94
340
55
320
386
60
183
168
324
60
280
423
57
2 10
1 92
3 37
55
317
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCT S.............................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES............................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..................................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES...................................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT.................................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
44
87
73
351
171
89
1,770
51
2 12
34
245
17
19
3 ,790
42
424
77
344
18
20
4 ,264
61
9 69
118
4 76
49
1
6,51 9
71
1 ,536
1 10
76°
45
12
8 ,724
61
962
1 17
473
1
6 ,469
70
1,523
10°
7 62
45
12
8,64 °
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES .................................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.............................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS........................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.......................................................
SCI ENTI FI C AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS..................................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
3 75
113
4 90
8 ,047
655
658
168
524
62
562
8,45 6
9 43
815
123
4 60
105
5 22
7 ,945
1,009
565
235
615
184
8 50
8,963
1,052
976
326
1,189
1 65
1,253
14,159
1,82 5
1,50 6
3 86
611
1 83
844
8,896
1,045
969
324
1,178
1 63
1,24?
1 4,0 3 8
1,809
1,49 3
3 83
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .............................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING............................ ...........................
COMMUNICAT IONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING . . ..................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVI CES. . . . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE............................................................. .
.............................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE . . .
41
1,43 9
1 69
0
3 48
6 45
1
57
1,834
354
3
486
989
30
47
1 ,482
4 11
3
5 92
981
20
1 17
2,265
7 79
0
763
1,566
37
104
2,965
6 84
0
7 07
1 ,875
41
1 16
2,24 9
774
0
7 58
1,555
37
103
2,939
678
0
701
1,859
41
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL..............................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ........................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT........................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES........................................................
AMUSEMENTS...............................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL ANO NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
112
246
49 2
3 72
1 29
18
654
621
297
1,019
344
1 08
40
697
256
306
6 91
4 36
87
42
1,056
6 23
8 29
1,279
9 38
226
55
3,44 2
5 26
660
1 ,329
1,171
1 67
59
2,806
619
8 23
1,27 0
9 31
224
55
3 ,417
522
654
1,81 3
1,161
166
58
2,782
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.......................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES..................................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES .......................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ............................
OFFICE SUPPLIES ..............................................................................................
SCRAP,USEO AND SECONDHAND GOODS ..................................................
GOVERNMENT INDUSTRY ...................................................................................
56
1 13
2 , 7 17
0
74
1 17
1 9,951
49
2 10
2 ,799
0
1 11
196
21,1 8 4
61
268
2,461
0
80
10
21,0 2 8
260
726
4 ,260
0
235
ICO
22,290
211
5 22
4,604
0
176
100
23,230
258
720
4,228
0
233
99
22,067
2 OQ
5 IP
4 ,564
0
1 74
116
23,068
85.
86.
87.
P F ST OF THE WORD I N D U S T R Y ............................................................. .....
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY........................................................................................
INVENTORY VALUATION ADJUSTMENT........................................................
TOTAL .........................................................................................................................
-307
0
0
53,594
-895
0
0
60,015
-473
0
0
57,900
-500
0
0
85,000
-500
0
0
99,800
-495
0
0
8 4,3 0 0
-495
0
See footnotes on p.
0
3 43
27
0
40
0
99,000
130.
95
TABLE D-8.
INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF PURCHASES OF STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS 1958, 1962, 1965 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
( M i ll i o ns of 1958 d o l la r s)
Indust ry n u m be r and title 1
1958
1.
2.
3.
A.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS.......................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ..................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ............................ . . .
AGRICULTURAL.FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVI CES. . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .......................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING..................................................
COAL M I N I N G ........................................................................ .....
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS . . .
.......................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ............................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING.......................
NEW CONSTRUCTION...................................................................................
MAINTENANCE ANO REPAIR CONSTRUCTION . .......................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES.............................................................
FOOD ANO KINDRED PRODUCTS ........................................................
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES........................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MI LLS. .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS .
APPAREL .........................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS. • .
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..............................................................................
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ........................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES . . . . . . . .
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING .............................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.......................................
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS.......................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS........................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. • .
LEATHER TANNING ANO INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS .
FOOTWEAR ANO OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ............................
GLASS ANO GLASS PRODUCTS.............................................................
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE ANO CLAY PRODUCTS .............................................................
PRIMARY IRON ANO STEEL MANUFACTURING. . . . . .
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL CONTAINERS...................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PROOUCTS.
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ........................................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES........................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT............................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT. . . .
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PR OD UCT S.............................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ........................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES........................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING ANO WIRING EQUIPMENT.......................
RAOI O,TELEVI SI ON AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. .
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
1962
1980
3 pe rc e nt
basic
model 2
1965
1980
3 p e rc e nt
high 2
dura bl e 2
1980
4 p e rc e nt
basic 2
model
1980
4 p e rc e nt
high
dura bl e 2
11
27
0
-68
0
0
61
1"
19
0
-86
0
0
66
18
25
0
-1 9
0
0
77
65
81
3
-467
0
0
283
56
70
3
-383
0
0
2 32
64
80
3
-463
0
0
2 81
56
69
3
-3 80
n
0
230
0
-12
12
12,0 6 9
3,339
4
2 72
0
-6
6
13,487
3,871
7
304
0
-11
11
15,920
4 ,187
7
4 27
0
-4 2
42
36,000
7,707
29
1 ,38 !
0
-3 6
36
31,200
7,470
25
1,14 9
0
-42
^2
35,640
7 ,630
29
1 ,370
0
-36
35
30,936
7 ,406
25
1,13 9
0
9
1
92
0
1
0
0
10
1
1 16
1
1
l
1
10
2
1 30
l
1
0
3
42
6
516
3
6
3
3
36
6
423
3
6
3
3
42
6
5 12
3
6
3
3
36
6
418
3
6
3
57
1 26
6
0
173
2 42
0
94
226
4
0
204
322
0
101
292
9
0
3 43
2 46
0
39R
816
23
0
1 ,134
1,447
0
327
670
20
0
930
1 , 185
0
3Q5
80Q
23
0
1,12 5
1,435
0
324
6 64
20
n
922
1,175
0
179
0
3 82
75
0
2
0
189
0
5 49
129
0
2
0
250
0
524
1 36
0
2
0
780
0
2,53 0
5 79
0
6
0
6 40
0
2,05 6
475
0
6
0
774
0
2,509
574
0
6
0
2,037
470
0
6
n
4
1
0
0
0
5
46
6
2
0
0
0
4
64
6
1
0
0
0
5
81
26
6
0
0
0
23
253
22
6
0
0
0
20
207
26
6
0
0
0
23
251
20
205
3
17
21
50
5
30
5
6
30
16
70
11
60
9
15
22
30
67
25
74
13
26
1 02
95
256
45
2 20
32
22
85
79
210
39
181
28
26
101
94
254
45
2 18
32
22
84
78
209
39
1 79
28
• •
35
89
21
5
l
8
62
50
214
38
10
1
13
56
61
187
53
23
2
14
81
180
573
151
*2
6
42
3 09
148
470
125
36
6
36
2 53
1 79
5 68
1 50
42
6
42
306
1 47
466
124
36
6
36
2 51
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES .......................
.
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
MOTOR VEHICLES ANO EQUIPMENT..................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..............................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT............................ .....
SCI EN TI FI C AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS.......................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . • •
0
33
4 38
0
38
86
15
0
48
6 21
0
79
119
29
0
59
818
0
187
2 00
27
0
164
2 ,622
0
322
4 83
92
0
1 35
2,180
0
264
396
75
0
163
2,600
0
3 19
479
91
0
134
2,161
0
262
3 92
74
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ..................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING. . • ............................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ..................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVI CES. . . •
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE.......................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ...................................................................
179
402
190
0
486
1 83
191
2 74
4 06
263
0
4 73
320
210
346
5 72
304
0
855
268
287
1,10 5
1,97 0
1 ,178
n
2,260
1 ,438
1 ,065
906
1,615
966
0
1,850
1 ,180
8 71
1,09 6
1,954
1,168
0
2,240
1 ,426
1 ,056
8 98
1,601
958
0
1,834
1,170
863
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE ANO RENTAL...................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES.EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..............................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT........................................................ .
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES.............................................
AMUSEMENTS....................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS • •
233
87
5 55
0
83
-44
3 11
423
-1 7
744
0
134
-98
232
4 29
52
742
0
122
-69
356
1,^7 3
305
3 ,197
0
609
-1 87
1,023
1,45 2
251
2,62 0
0
500
-1 54
R40
1,758
302
3,170
0
604
-185
1,015
1,440
249
2,598
0
496
-152
833
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.............................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.......................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ............................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS . . . .
OFFICE SUPPLIES ...................................................................................
SCRAP,USED AND SECONDHAND GOODS .......................................
GOVERNMENT INDUSTRY ........................................................................
67
6
3
0
1 32
3 42
1 9,078
1 05
12
4
C
220
4 74
2 2,199
111
12
1
0
2 27
8 06
26,638
441
48
20
0
911
1,500
4 7,700
362
42
17
0
7 48
1,500
45,200
437
48
20
0
903
1,485
47,223
359
42
17
0
7 42
1 ,4 8 7
4 4,775
85.
86.
87.
REST OF THE WORD INDUSTRY ........................................................
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY. . . . .
..................................................
INVENTORY VALUATION ADJUSTMENT....................................... .....
TOTAL ...............................................................................................................
0
0
D
40,562
0
0
0
47,466
0
0
0
5 6,800
0
0
0
125 ,8 00
0
0
0
112 ,4 00
0
0
0
124 ,6 00
See footnotes on p. 130.
96
.
.
•
.
.
.
.
•
• .
.
.
•
•
635
0
22
6
0
n
0
0
0
0
111,400
TABLE D-9.
DOMESTIC OUTPUT BY INDUSTRY
1958)
1965to 1980
1957
3percent 3percent 4percent 4percent
to
high
high
basic 3
basic
1965
durable3
model
durable3
model3
2.6
1.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.7
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.4
1.4
2.5
2.0
1. A
1.5
1.5
1.4
1.5
2.9
2.5
2.3
2.5
3.0
4.9
4.8
4.8
.1
5.0
1.7
.0
1.8
1.8
1.8
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.4
1.8
4.4
4.2
4.2
4.5
4.2
5.9
5.9
5.9
6.1
6. 0
4.4
4.7
4.1
4.4
4.8
5.9
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
5.6
-.4
3.2
5.7
3.2
3.1
2.6
3.3
3.2
3.3
2.4
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.2
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.7
3.7
4.1
6.9
4.2
4.3
4.2
3.7
3.4
3.8
3.5
3.5
3.9
3.6
3.5
3.7
3.6
3.4
3.3
3.7
3.6
3.5
.4
.2
.3
.3
-.2
3.4
4.9
5.0
5.3
5.2
5.4
5.4
4.6
5.4
5.3
4.7
4.7
4.3
4.8
4.8
4.9
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.3
4.3
4.3
3.6
4.4
4.3
5.4
5.4
5.3
5.3
6.0
6.7
6.8
6. 8
9.0
6.8
5.9
7.0
5.7
5.6
6.0
4.3
4.3
4.4
4.2
4.3
2.8
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.5
6.4
7.3
6.4
6.2
6.3
-.8
-.4
-.3
-.4
-.3
1.4
1.4
1.2
.6
1.2
3.9
3.9
3.8
4.4
4.0
4.5
4.8
3.8
4.6
4.8
1.9
1.9
1.8
2.2
2.2
5.7
5.6
4.3
5.3
5.2
2.9
3.3
3.2
3.0
3.1
4.4
2.7
4.1
4.5
4.2
3.7
2.7
3.7
4.1
4.0
3.8
4.0
3.9
4.1
3.8
4.1
4.5
3.9
4.2
4.6
3.4
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.4
3.4
3.8
2.4
3.5
3.8
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.5
4.5
2.9
3.5
2. 3
3.6
3.0
3.9
4.3
4.2
4.4
4.0
3.9
3.9
5.5
3.4
3.3
5.4
5.6
4.9
5.5
4.8
10.8
10.5
10.9
10.2
10.3
6.8
6.4
7.2
6.5
6.9
5.4
3.6
4.9
5.5
4.8
5.1
6.8
5.0
5.4
5.3
4.9
4.7
4.6
5.0
5.0
9.1
6.1
7.0
6. 2
7.0
8.4
8.4
15.2
9.3
9.2
5.4
5.7
5.6
3.7
5.5
2.9
3. 1
2.8
3. 1
6. 2
.7
2. 6
2.6
4.6
A.6
3.7
3.7
2.9
2.9
4. 5
5.4
5.4
6.1
4.2
6. 1
8.8
8.9
7.1
9.0
8.8
5.5
5.5
5.0
5.6
5.6
3.9
3.9
2. 8
4.0
4.0
6.9
6.9
6.9
7.1
7.0
1.9
2.0
4. 1
2.0
2.1
5.7
6.6
6.5
6.7
6.6
4.4
4.7
4.7
4.6
4.6
4. 7
4.4
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.9
4.8
5.4
5.0
4.8
3.7
4.6
4.3
4.5
4.3
6.4
5.3
6.3
6.3
6.2
6.9
6.7
5.9
7.8
6. 0
A.7
4.6
3.9
4.6
4.8
2.3
4.4
4.1
4.0
4.3
5.4
5.5
5.1
5.1
5.2
4.9
6. 1
5.1
5.0
5.0
5.4
5.3
4.8
5.5
5.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.6
5.5
6.8
7.1
7.1
5.2
6.8
4.2
6.8
4.3
4.3
4.2
2.5
2.6
2.5
2.8
2.6
6.9
10.8
7.0
7.0
7.0
.3
.3
.8
.8
- 1.3
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
4.5
5.0
4.5
4.5
4.4
(Average annual rates of change at producers value in
1947
to
1965
1.7
1.7
Industry number and title*
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS.................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ..........................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS .....................................
AGRICULTURAL*FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING..........................................
COAL MINING ..............................................................................
1.8
1.8
1.8
-1 .8
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ............................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..........................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .................................
PRINTING ANO PUBLISHING ...................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.................................
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................
PETROLEUM REFINING ANO RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . . . .
LEATHER TANNING ANO INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PROOUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .......................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................
•
.
ENGINES AND TURBINES............................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . . .
...................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING ANO OIL FIELO MACHINERY . . . •
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.......................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS .......................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . ,
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES............................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . • •
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS.......................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.....................................
SCIENTIFIC ANO CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...................
OPTICAL, °THALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . • •
0
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ............................ . . .
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING.....................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ............................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER ANO SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE . . . . .
.................................
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.......................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL ANO REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES .................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR ANO SERVICES.....................................
AMUSEMENTS...................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS • •
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.....................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES .......................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT ANO GIFTS . . . .
OFFICE SUPPLIES .....................................................................
SCRAP,USED AND SECONDHAND GOODS .................................
GOVERNMENT INDUSTRY ............................................................
REST OF THE WORD INDUSTRY ...............................................
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY. . . ...................................................
INVENTORY VALUATION ADJUSTMENT.....................................
TOTAL ............................................................................................
See footnotes on p.
.
130
3.3
5.3
4.9
4.2
7.4
2.4
1.3
2.4
4.4
3.4
3.8
2.3
6.1
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES..............................................
BROAD ANO NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL .......................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . .
WOODEN CONTAINERS .................................................................
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING........................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL CONTAINERS.....................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS.
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .................................
2. 2
2.2
2.7
8. CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ........................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...................
NEW CONSTRUCTION. .................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ........................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
1947
to
1957
1.7
.9
-2 .1
3.5
3.4
3.9
4.7
3.3
6.8
9.3
7.1
2.6
3.9
4.8
- 1.5
.5
3.0
5.0
1.6
3.7
3.1
3.8
1.7
3.2
3.0
1.7
2.1
3.4
2.7
l.l
3.4
7.2
8.9
4.6
3.9
4.5
3.3
°.l
13.4
2.2
5.3
11.1
2.5
4.1
6.7
3.4
1.6
7.4
7.5
7.5
3.9
4.4
5.4
2.8
5.2
6.4
3.0
.2
5.0
5.4
3.4
.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
-
3.1
3.1
3.1
4.6
6. 2
6. 2
5.5
2.9
14.1
2.4
.3
1.3
2.5
3.4
3.6
1.4
- 3.6
3.7
2.4
3.6
4.5
3.0
7.5
9.6
7.1
1.2
4.8
2.9
-2 .2
.4
1.9
5.9
1.3
3.1
3.3
'4.7
1.0
2. 8
2.4
.2
1.8
3.0
3.1
- 1.3
1.8
8.5
7.7
2.6
4. 1
2.7
2.1
9.0
12.0
.9
4.5
.9
4.0
6.4
20.2
2.2
.7
7.7
10.3
9.0
3.6
4.2
5.4
2. 1
5.2
5.2
2.3
- 1.5
5.0
4.9
2.3
.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
97
TABLE D-10.
CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT1 BY INDUSTRY 1958 TO 1968 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
(T housands)
Industry number and title
AGRICULTURE..........................................................................
112.
. FORESTRY AN FISHERY PRODUCTS . ........................ . .
. AGRICULTURAL,F RESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. • . .
. IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .................................
6. NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING..........................................
. COAL MINING ..............................................................................
3
4
5
7
0
0
8. CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .................................
9, 10. NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING .......................
li t 12. CONSTRUCTION .....................................................................
13. ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................
14. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................
15. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES............................................................
16. BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS.
17. MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS
18. APPAREL .......................................................................................
19. MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
20, 21. LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS ..........................................
22. HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE . . .
.
.
.
..............................................
23. OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES............................ ....
24. PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . .
25. PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .................................
26. PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................
27. CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
28. PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS. . . . . . . .
29. DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...................
30. PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS. . . . . . ...................
31. PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . . .
32. RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. • . .
33. LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS .
34. FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ........................
35. GLASS AND GLASS PROOUCTS...................................................
36. STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................
37. PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING........................
38. PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
39. METAL CONTAINERS.....................................................................
40. HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
41. STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PROOUCTS AND BOLTS. . . .
42. OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .................................
43. ENGINES AND TURBINES............................................................
44. FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
45. CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . .
46. MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
47. METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................
48. SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
49. GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . •
50. MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS .......................................................
51. OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
52. SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................
53. ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . .
54. HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES..................................... ....
55. ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...................
56. RADIO,TELEVISION ANO COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . •
57. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...................
58. MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
59. MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
60. AIRCRAFT AND PARTS.................................................................
61. OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.....................................
62. SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...................
63. OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . •
64. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................
65. TRANSPORTATION ANO WAREHOUSING.....................................
66. COMMUNICATIONS, EXCEPT BROADCASTING....................... .
67. RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ............................
68. ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
69. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................
70. FINANCE AND INSURANCE . . . . .....................................
71. REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.....................................
72. HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO
73, 74. BUSINESS SERVICES,RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT .
75. AUTOMOBILE REPAIR ANO SERVICES.....................................
76. AMUSEMENTS...................................................................................
77. MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS •
78. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 .................................
79. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 . . . .
84.
TOTAL GOVERNMENT2
.....................................
.
.
.
.
.
TOTAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT2 .................................
TOTAL STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT2 . . . .
86. HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY.......................................................
TOTAL3 .......................................................................................
See footn otes
98
130.
1958
5,540
106
206
36
59
224
350
120
3,522
158
1 ,816
95
610
105
1,233
127
711
273
108
400
165
948
391
143
198
61
224
346
41
320
144
434
847
313
70
429
253
344
90
116
145
61
246
164
156
133
90
304
148
124
400
179
97
607
772
218
223
103
396
2,703
775
89
622
13,589
2,140
687
2, 3°0
1,527
381
603
3,635
1959
5,519
104
199
33
52
207
352
125
3,717
204
1,829
94
618
113
1,340
138
752
291
115
414
174
961
394
14Q
203
62
216
376
40
336
154
466
857
332
70
423
280
363
90
125
162
63
258
167
227
168
138
97
332
157
137
453
213
106
694
722
223
241
107
412
2,754
750
91
624
13,947
2,204
697
2,400
1,666
390
624
3,808
246
1961
5,142
108
208
31
58
170
324
125
3,581
244
1,816
91
581
103
1,317
142
678
275
113
424
178
991
398
154
213
62
202
377
37
324
156
443
833
317
69
415
263
357
79
112
142
59
261
165
223
177
152
95
339
148
140
508
243
100
633
611
209
240
414
2,743
750
94
628
12,284
4,222
697
2,466
1,761
426
635
3,975
403
2,655
737
96
628
14,143
2,354
698
2,533
1,849
433
660
4,114
415
2,661
732
97
624
14,262
2,410
719
2,582
1,977
448
668
4,297
411
2,658
727
101
623
14,352
2,474
735
2, 63°
2,061
476
675
4,479
7,839
2,191
5,648
2,550
66 ,032
8,083
2,233
5,850
2,575
67,982
8,353
2,270
6,083
2,554
68,368
8,594
2,279
6,315
2,656
68,618
8,890
2,340
6,550
2, 694
69,956
9,225
2,357
2,656
70,731
210
I960
5, 38°
107
203
38
58
195
331
128
3,641
220
1,835
94
604
109
1,338
141
720
285
119
425
177
984
400
155
209
63
212
382
37
328
159
462
911
327
71
426
287
370
86
115
157
64
275
171
233
179
146
100
344
1
15
45
1
489
234
107
7
29
5
62
220
110
10°
1962
4,937
120
18
6
28
56
161
319
123
3,689
264
1,804
90
580
105
1,366
147
685
2®0
118
429
187
1,004
403
165
217
63
195
411
36
329
160
450
841
332
70
416
282
379
84
115
149
62
274
l 74
235
189
159
101
350
150
147
555
266
103
693
639
219
249
112
1963
4,712
107
216
28
54
157
310
122
3,747
266
1,793
89
569
105
1,375
151
683
294
119
430
190
1 ,010
406
175
221
63
189
429
34
318
162
456
842
337
70
426
287
386
85
123
152
66
283
17*
240
19!
163
102
339
156
153
54Q
26
92
9
742
640
231
253
11*
6,868
TABLE D-10.
CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT1 BY INDUSTRY 1958 TO 1968 AND PROJECTED 1980'S— Continued
(Thousands)
Industry number and title
1,2
.
.
.
6.
.
3
4
5
7
AGRICULTURE..........................................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS .....................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING. . . . . . . . . .
COAL MINING..................................................................... ....
8. CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .................................
9, 10. NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING.......................
lit 12. CONSTRUCTION .....................................................................
13. ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................
14. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS..................................... .... .
15. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES............................................................
16. BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS.
17. MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS
18. APPAREL.......................................................................................
19. MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
20, 21. LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS ..........................................
22. HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ............................................................
23. OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..........................................
24. PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . .
25. PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ............................ .
26. PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................
27. CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
28. PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS................................
29. DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...................
30. PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................
31. PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
32. RUBBER ANO MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . .
33. LEATHER TANNING ANO INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS
34. FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .......................
35. GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS. . . . ................................
36. STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................
37. PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.......................
38. PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
39. METAL CONTAINERS.....................................................................
40. HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS.
41. STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS ANO BOLTS. . .
42. OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .................................
43. ENGINES AND TUR8INES............................................................
44. FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
45. CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . .
46. MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
47. METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.......................
48. SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT. . . .
49. GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
50. MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS .......................................................
51. OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
52. SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................
53. ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . .
54. HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.............................................. ....
55. ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...................
56. RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMFNT. .
57. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...................
58. MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
59. MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
60. AIRCRAFT AND PARTS....................... .... ....................................
61. OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.....................................
62. SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...................
63. OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. .
64. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................
65. TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING. ................... . . .
66. COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................
67. RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ............................
68. ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
69. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................
70. FINANCE AND INSURANCE .......................................................
71. REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.......................................................
72. HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERV ICES, EXCEPT AUTO
73, 74. BUSINESS SERVICFS,RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT .
75. AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES.....................................
76. AMUSEMENTS...................................................................................
77. MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS
78. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 ................................
79. STATE ANO LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 . . . .
84.
TOTAL GOVERNMENT2
.....................................
86.
TOTAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT2 ................................
TOTAL STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT2 . . . .
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY................................................................
TOTAL ............................................................................................
See footnotes on p.
1964
4,521
108
215
28
54
155
311
121
3,844
244
1,787
90
572
108
1,391
155
694
310
420
2,679
747
105
627
14,780
2,542
751
2,714
2,181
493
695
4,676
191
114
362
165
177
550
307
101
844
625
276
262
130
442
2,727
776
110
637
15,352
2,598
769
2,752
2,303
501
709
4, 854
235
218
125
404
180
200
62°
389
111
863
754
306
288
146
457
2,791
811
16
7
643
15,810
2,671
782
2,814
2,461
508
722
5,112
1967
3,860
113
223
29
52
147
298
123
3,981
317
1,816
87
605
124
1,483
173
675
334
143
466
214
1,113
468
205
259
68
183
510
33
320
177
465
936
394
78
497
350
462
104
153
188
88
367
208
295
247
23°
129
418
175
204
667
385
114
817
836
302
799
155
452
2,841
852
123
654
16,160
2,781
738
2,851
2,633
520
758
5,423
9,596
2,348
7,249
2,683
72,290
10,091
2,377
7,714
2,604
74,568
10,871
2,564
9,307
2,559
77,308
11,398
2,719
9,679
2,484
78,906
120
433
193
1,026
406
183
224
64
184
439
34
316
165
465
896
344
72
447
293
399
87
130
164
72
298
184
249
194
173
106
340
161
162
527
265
94
755
606
249
254
120
1965
4,338
112
221
30
56
149
308
124
3,994
226
1,798
87
584
115
1,450
162
698
325
129
440
200
1,057
411
194
234
66
183
474
35
320
172
474
941
367
71
466
323
428
91
139
177
79
318
196
266
212
1966
3,963
109
219
30
58
145
305
125
4,075
261
1,817
84
609
122
1,495
170
706
344
141
459
209
1,091
438
206
247
67
184
514
34
332
180
481
957
402
77
490
347
456
99
151
19
81
7
351
208
2°0
1968
3,811
115
226
29
57
141
298
121
4,050
342
1,811
84
614
132
1,502
178
676
351
145
471
222
1,128
473
216
265
70
187
560
33
325
188
463
931
391
78
507
3
6
3
469
11,846
2,737
9, 109
2,435
80,788
110
145
192
89
358
201
285
249
245
135
417
178
206
676
388
121
871
852
311
304
150
458
2,968
865
126
66*
16,604
2,916
810
2,880
2,777
536
768
5,717
130.
99
TABLE D-10.
CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT1 BY INDUSTRY 1958 TO 1968 AND PROJECTED 1980'S— Continued
(Thousands)
3
Industry number and title
percent
basic model4
2 AGRICULTURE.......................................... .... ...........................
3 FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS .....................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . .
5 IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .................................
NONFEPROUS METAL ORES MINING..........................................
7 COAL MINING . . . .................................................................
lt .
.
A.
.
6.
.
8. CRUOE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ............................
.
9, 10. NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING . ...................
11, 12. CONSTRUCTION ......................................................................
13. ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................
14. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................
15. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES............................................................
16. BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. .
17. MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS •
18. APPAREL.....................................................................
19. MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
20, 21. LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS ..........................................
22. HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .......................................... . . . .
23. OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..........................................
24. PAPER AND ALLIED PROOUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . .
25. PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .................................
26. PRINTING ANO PUBLISHING ...................................................
27. CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
28. PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.................................
29. DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...................
30. PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS...............................................
31. PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
32. RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . •
33. LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS .
34. FOOTWEAR ANO OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .......................
35. GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................
36. STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS..............................................
37. PRIMARY IRON ANO STEEL MANUFACTURING........................
38. PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
39. METAL CONTAINERS......................................................................
40. HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
41. STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
42. OTHER FABRICATED METAL PROOUCTS .................................
43. ENGINES AND TURBINES............................................................
44. FARM MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT.............................
45. CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . .
46. MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
47. METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................
48. SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
49. GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
50. MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS .......................................................
51. OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
52. SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ...............................................
53. ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT ANO APPARATUS . . .
54. HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES............................................................
55. ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...................
56. RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . •
57. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ................... #
58. MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.
59. MOTOR VEHICLES ANO EQUIPMENT..........................................
60. AIRCRAFT AND PARTS. . . . . . .....................................
61. OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.....................................
62. SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...................
63. OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . •
64. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ..........................................
65. TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING.....................................
66. COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................
67. RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ............................
68. ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
69. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE...............................................
70. FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................
71. REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................
72. HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO
73, 74. BUSINESS SERVICES,RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT .
75. AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES.....................................
76. AMUSEMENTS...................................................................................
77. MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS •
78. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 .................................
79. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 . . . .
84.
TOTAL GOVERNMENT 2
.....................................
.
.
TOTAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 2 .................................
TOTAL STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT2 . . . .
86. HOUSEHOLD INOUSTRY.................................................................
TOTAL ............................................................................................
See footnotes on p.
1 0 0
130.
.
.
.
.
•
2,800
131
257
26
61
99
269
135
5,482
250
1,799
65
551
121
1,780
203
685
432
208
556
245
1,322
501
275
336
75
155
763
25
312
218
591
851
492
80
618
405
535
.
•
#
.
•
•
4
percent
high durable
3,621
4,539
664
098
8,458
609
891
522
78
641
425
553
128
180
230
132
429
262
353
333
433
190
523
219
260
855
663
134
933
1,017
393
411
183
512
3, 126
959
164
712
20,501
3,607
931
3,509
4, 579
652
956
3,089
16,800
3,000
13,800
2,800
99,600
16,200
3,000
13,200
2,300
9«>,400
16,632
2,970
13,662
2,770
98,600
16,038
2,970
13,068
2,770
98,400
173
125
395
248
326
308
400
180
480
210
249
760
505
130
901
761
352
373
180
513
3,117
972
163
724
20,487
3,690
220
2,800
132
260
28
62
°3
263
137
5,595
351
1,735
63
541
124
1,727
198
702
448
208
551
244
1,307
498
277
321
76
152
777
25
302
4
percent
basic model 4
2,772
131
257
23
61
97
260
136
5,539
347
1,713
62
536
123
1,710
19
95
6
6
444
206
545
242
1,294
493
274
318
75
150
769
25
299
219
603
832
517
77
634
421
547
127
178
228
131
425
259
349
330
428
188
518
217
25-'
846
557
133
923
1,006
389
407
181
507
3,095
949
162
705
20,296
3,571
922
3,473
4,534
645
946
8,003
049
.
.
3
2,772
129
255
26
60
98
266
134
5,427
247
1,781
64
545
120
1,762
201
673
428
206
550
243
1,300
496
272
333
74
153
755
25
309
216
585
88
47
2
4
79
612
401
530
119
171
218
124
391
246
323
305
3
98
6
17
475
208
247
752
500
129
892
753
348
369
179
508
3,086
962
161
717
20,282
3,653
940
3,534
4,495
657
988
3,373
120
•
1980
percent
high durable 4
221
TABLE D-11.
CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT1 2 BY INDUSTRY
(Average annual rates of change)
Industry number and title
1. 2. AGRICULTURE..............................................................................
3, 4. AGRICULTURAL SERVICES,FORESTRY AND FISHERY . .
5. IRON ANO FERROALLOY ORES MINING . .................................
6. NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING..............................................
7. COAL MINING ...................................................................................
8.
,
,
.
.
.
TOTAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT4 .....................................
TOTAL STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT4 ...................
86. HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY.....................................................................
TOTAL ................................................................................................
See footnotes on p.
1.6
-1 .6
1.2
-
6.3
CRUOE PETROLEUM ANO NATURAL GAS .....................................
. NONMETALLIC MINING ANO QUARRYING ............................
. CONSTRUCTION ..........................................................................
ORDNANCE ANO ACCESSORIES.......................................................
FOOD AND KINDREO PRODUCTS ...................................................
9 10
11 12
13
14
15. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES................................................................
16. BROAO AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. .
17. MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS .
18. APPAREL ............................................................................................
19. MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . . .
20. LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . . .
21. WOODEN CONTAINERS ............................ . .................................
22. HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .................................................................
23. OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..............................................
24. PAPER AND ALLIED PROOUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . .
25. PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .....................................
26. PRINTING AND PUBLISHING .......................................................
27. CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS...................
28. PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.....................................
29. DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS.......................
30. PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS...................................................
31. PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . . .
32. RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . . .
33. LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS .
34. FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ............................
35. GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS.......................................................
36. STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS .......................................................
37. PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING............................
38. PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ...................
39. METAL CONTAINERS. . . . .......................................................
40. HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
41. STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . . .
42. OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .....................................
43. ENGINES AND TURBINES..................................... ....
44. FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..............................................
45. CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . .
46. MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
47. METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT............................
48. SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
49. GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT. . . .
50. MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ............................................................
51. OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES...................
52. SERVICE INOUSTRY MACHINES ...................................................
53. ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT ANO APPARATUS . . .
54. HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.................................................................
55. ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT. ...................
56. RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . .
57. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES .......................
58. MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT.
59. MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..................................... .... .
60. AIRCRAFT AND PARTS.....................................................................
61. OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..........................................
62. SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS.......................
63. OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . .
64. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ..............................................
65. TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING..........................................
66. COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING................................
67. RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ................................
68. ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER ANO SANITARY SERVICES...................
69. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE...................................................
70. FINANCE ANO INSURANCE ............................................................
71. REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL............................................................
72. HOTELS,PERSONAL ANO REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO .
73, 74. BUSINESS SERVICES,RESEARCH ANO DEVELOPMENT . .
75. AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES................................ .... .
76. AMUSEMENTS........................................................................................
77. MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS .
78. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES4 .....................................
79. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES4 ...................
84.
TOTAL GOVERNMENT 4
..........................................
1959
to
1965
- 3.9
“ 2.2
-.1
1.2
.
.
.
.
1.7
-.3
- 1.3
-1 .0
.3
1.3
2.7
-l.l
- 3.5
1.9
1.9
1.0
2.3
1.6
.7
4.5
2.4
l.l
- 2.7
2.4
-2.2
-.8
1.9
.3
1.6
1.7
.
.2
1.6
2.4
2.6
.2
1.8
.
•
*
•
•
1.5
3.8
3.6
2.7
2.7
4.0
5.6
2.7
1.5
.8
4.4
3.3
6.3
-.8
3.3
- 2.3
3.6
1.4
3.3
1.2
-.2
•6
3.2
.3
1.6
2.8
1.6
.
.
•
2.3
5.5
4.3
2.1
4. 1
3.8
1.0
4.7
.2
1.6
1965
to
1967
- 5.7
.4
- 1.7
- 3.7
-.7
- 1.7
.4
-• 2
18.4
.5
.0
1.8
3.8
l.l
3.3
-2.1
5.1
1.4
5.3
2.9
3.4
2. 6
6.7
2.8
5.0
1.5
.0
4.6
- 2.9
.0
1.4
-1 .0
.3
3.6
4.8
3.3
4. 1
3.9
6.9
4.9
3. 1
5.5
7.4
3.0
5.3
7.9
11.9
6.4
7.5
3.0
7.4
10.1
12.0
6.3
15.7
4.6
6.8
9.2
-1 .6
l.l
2.1
3percent
basic 3
model
-l.l
-1 .0
.0
-.2
2.1
.6
-1 .0
-2 .0
-2 .2
-2 .0
2.7
-.9
•6
2.1
.7
-.4
.3
1.4
1.5
.0
- 3.6
1.9
3.2
1.6
1.4
1.5
1.3
2.4
2.4
.9
-1.1
3.2
-2.2
-.2
1.6
1.5
-.7
2.0
.8
1.9
1.5
1.5
1.9
1.5
1.5
3.1
1.5
1.6
1.4
2.5
5.1
3.1
1.9
1.6
2.3
-
.7
2.3
3.0
-.5
.5
1.2
1.3
.2
- 3.6
2.2
3.2
1.5
1.3
1.4
1.3
2.4
2.1
.9
3.3
-2 .2
-.4
1.7
1.7
-.4
2.4
-1 .2
.6
2.1
1.8
1.7
2.3
1.7
1.8
3.5
1.8
2.0
2.2
1.9
3.1
5.6
3.5
1.9
1.9
2. 6
3.0
4.1
1.9
.7
3.3
2.4
3.1
2.3
1.0
1.0
2.2
3.4
1.7
.4
1.3
1.6
2.4
6. 3
7.0
- 2.4
2.9
3.5
1.6
4.0
.5
1.9
6.1
basic 3
model
-
2.9
1.0
-1 .0
.6
-
6.9
2.8
3.5
5.7
1.2
1.8
high 3
durable
2.9
1.1
-.5
.7
- 2.7
-
.9
1.5
2.7
.9
1.9
2.4
1.4
1.8
4.6
1.9
2.3
3.8
4.8
5.7
1.3
2. 6
3.4
1965to 1980
3percent 4percent 4percent
.9
1.4
2.7
.7
1.9
-
2.9
.5
2.7
.5
-.5
.3
1.3
1.4
•0
- 3.6
1.9
3.2
1.5
1.3
1.4
1.3
2.3
2.4
.8
-1 .2
3.2
-2 .2
-.2
1.5
1.4
-.7
1.9
.7
1.8
1.5
1.4
1.8
1.4
1.4
3.1
1.4
1.5
1.3
2.5
5.0
3.0
1.8
1.6
2.2
2.1
3.3
1.6
.4
1.3
1.6
2.3
?. 1
.9
.8
1.4
2.6
.8
1.3
1.6
4.7
3.5
1*8
2.0
3.2
1.6
3.6
.5
l .9
-
1.0
-1 .0
1.9
2.3
1.3
1.8
4.6
2.2
high 3
durable
2.9
1.0
-.5
.6
-2.8
-1.1
.6
2.2
2.9
-.3
-2.2
-.6
.4
1.3
•l
- 3.6
1.1
2.1
3.2
1.4
1.3
1.4
1.2
2.3
2. 1
.9
1.3
3.3
-2.2
-.5
-
1.6
1.6
-.4
2.3
.5
2.1
1.8
1.6
2.2
1.7
1.7
3.4
1.9
1.9
1.8
3.0
5.5
3.4
2.4
1.8
2.5
2.9
4.1
1.9
.6
3.2
2.3
3.0
2.2
.9
.8
1.4
2.6
.7
1.9
2.1
1.2
1.6
1.8
2.2
3.7
4.6
1.7
1.9
3.4
3.4
1.5
3.9
.4
1.9
3.1
1.5
3.6
.4
1.9
130.
101
TABLE D-12.
WAGE AND SALARY EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY 1958 TO 1968 AND PROJECTED 1980'S
(Thousands)
Industry number and title
1. 2. AGRICULTURE.1 ..........................................................................
3. FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ..........................................
4. AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . . .
5. IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .....................................
6. NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING..............................................
7. COAL MINING ...................................................................................
8. CRUOE PETROLEUM ANO NATURAL GAS . . .
........................
9, 10. NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING ............................
11, 12. CONSTRUCTION ................................................... . . . . .
13. ORDNANCE ANO ACCESSORIES.......................................................
14. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ...................................................
15. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.................................................................
16. BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. .
17. MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS .
18. APPAREL ............................................................................................
19. MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . . .
20, 21. LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS ..............................................
22. HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ................................................... . . .
23. OTHER FURNITURE ANO FIXTURES. ..........................................
24. PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . .
25. PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .....................................
26. PRINTING AND PUBLISHING .......................................................
27. CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS...................
28. PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.....................................
29. DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS........................
30. PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS...................................................
31. PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . . .
32. RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . . .
33. LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS .
34. FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ............................
35. GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS.......................................................
36. STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS .......................................................
37. PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING. . ...................
38. PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . . .
39. METAL CONTAINERS..........................................................................
40. HEATING,PLUMBING ANO STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
41. STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . . .
42. OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ................................. .
43. ENGINES AND TURBINES................................................................
44. FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..............................................
45. CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . .
46. MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
47. METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT............................
48. SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
49. GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
50. MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ............................................................
51. OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES...................
52. SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ...................................................
53. ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . .
54. HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES............................................................ .
55. ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT.......................
56. RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . .
57. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES .......................
58. MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.
59. MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..............................................
60. AIRCRAFT ANO PARTS............................ .........................................
61. OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..........................................
62. SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS........................
63. OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . .
64. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ..............................................
65. TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING..........................................
66. COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................ ....
67. RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ................... . . .
68. ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES...................
69. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE............................ ....
70. FINANCE AND INSURANCE . . . . . .....................................
71. REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL............................................................
72. HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO .
73, 74. BUSINESS SERVICES,RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT . .
75. AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES..........................................
76. AMUSEMENTS....................................................... ................................
77. MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS .
78. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 .....................................
79. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 ...................
84.
TOTAL GOVERNMENT 2
..........................................
TOTAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT2 .....................................
TOTAL STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT 2 ...................
86. HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY.....................................................................
TOTAL............................ ...................................................................
See fo o tn o te s on p.
1 0 2
130.
1958
5,540
57
113
35
58
215
328
115
2,778
158
1,773
95
608
104
1,256
126
615
260
101
1959
5,519
55
109
32
51
198
330
120
2,960
204
1,790
94
615
111
1,312
137
659
278
107
413
174
888
3°2
149
I960
5,389
58
113
37
57
186
309
123
2,885
220
1,790
94
601
108
1,312
140
627
272
111
1962
4,937
62
123
27
55
152
298
118
2,902
264
1,763
99
0
57
104
1,340
146
590
275
no
1963
4,712
62
121
27
53
14°
289
117
2,963
266
1,752
89
568
104
1,349
150
593
279
111
507
l ,559
1,143
239
510
3,185
149
138
97
332
157
134
453
213
106
692
721
222
239
107
385
2,562
748
89
612
11,127
2,074
520
1,597
1,241
257
528
3,343
387
2,549
748
92
615
11,391
2,152
517
1,626
1,321
275
534
3,496
375
2,460
735
94
614
11,337
2,217
514
1,648
1,387
276
552
3,625
387
2,472
729
95
610
11,566
2, 270
530
1,686
1,501
289
562
3,905
429
190
031
403
175
219
63
199
418
34
315
16°
441
841
33
76
0
416
283
381
85
120
152
66
267
172
234
169
163
102
339
156
150
549
262
99
741
639
229
250
115
384
2, 46°
725
9
6190
11,778
2,334
543
1,707
1,582
308
566
3,979
7,839
2,191
5,648
2,550
59,458
8,083
2,223
5,850
2,575
61,405
8,353
2,270
6,083
2,554
62,175
8,594
2,279
6,315
2,656
6 1,841
8,890
2,340
6,550
2,694
63,227
9,225
2,358
2,656
64,072
399
165
873
389
143
197
61
224
344
41
318
142
421
846
312
70
421
249
337
90
113
145
61
231
161
204
136
133
90
304
148
121
400
179
97
606
771
217
221
103
370
2,506
773
87
610
10,750
2,012
202
62
216
373
40
33A
152
452
856
331
70
414
276
362
90
122
162
63
245
164
221
424
177
911
397
155
208
63
212
379
37
326
157
447
91C
32.6
71
41
7
283
364
1961
5, 142
59
117
30
57
161
303
120
2,816
244
1,775
91
578
102
1, 291
141
583
262
106
423
178
917
395
154
86
112
157
64
261
168
227
158
146
100
344
155
138
489
234
107
724
628
217
244
110
62
375
37
321
154
428
832
316
69
406
259
351
79
109
142
59
247
162
217
156
152
95
339
148
136
508
243
100
632
6
21
00
7
238
428
187
926
400
165
216
63
195
408
36
325
158
4
30R
84
331
70
407
278
373
84
112
149
62
269
171
229
167
159
101
350
150
143
555
266
103
6 °2
638
217
246
212
202
10°
112
6,868
TABLE D-12.
WAGE AND SALARY EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY 1958 TO 1968 AND PROJECTED 1980'S— Continued
(T housands)
Industry num ber and title
1,2 .
1964
1965
1966
.................................... .... ...................................
3 . FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS .........................................
4 . AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AN0 FISHERY SERVICES. . .
5 . IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ....................................
6 . NONFEPROUS METAL ORES MINING..............................................
7 . COAL MINING .......................................................................................
4 ,5 2 1
62
27
53
147
4 ,3 3 8
64
126
29
55
141
8 . CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS . . .
.....................
9 ,1 0 .
NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING ..........................
l i t 1 2 . CONSTRUCTION .............................................................................
1 3 . ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES........................................................
1* . FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ...................................................
291
116
3 ,0 5 0
244
1 ,7 5 0
120
121
3 , 186
226
1 ,7 5 7
3 , 275
261
1 ,7 7 7
1 5 . TOBACCO MANUFACTURES..................................................................
1 6 . BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS.
1 7 . MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS
1 8 . APPAREL .................................................................................................
1 9 . MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
2 0 , 2 1 . LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS ..............................................
22 . HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ............................... . . . . . . .
90
571
107
1 ,3 6 5
154
604
293
87
583
114
1 ,4 2 5
161
607
309
84
608
a g r ic u l t u r e .
121
287
122
1968
1967
3 ,Q 6 3
63
124
29
57
137
3 ,8 6 0
65
127
28
51
139
3 ,8 1 1
282
276
119
3 ,2 0 8
317
1 ,7 8 6
276
117
3 ,2 6 7
342
1 ,7 8 1
1 ,4 7 1
169
614
328
87
604
123
1 ,4 6 1
172
597
319
84
613
131
1 ,4 8 0
177
508
335
134
45 8
209
1 ,0 1 7
437
206
136
465
214
1 ,0 4 8
466
205
13°
470
257
121
68
133
28
56
133
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..............................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES . . ..........................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ........................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS....................................
113
432
193
952
405
182
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING ANO TOILET PREPARATIONS. . . . .
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS....................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . .
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS
FOOTWEAR ANO OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ..........................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS........................................................
223
64
184
436
34
314
163
233
183
471
35
318
169
246
67
184
511
34
330
178
183
516
33
318
175
264
70
187
557
33
323
176
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE ANO CLAY PRODUCTS ........................................................
PRIMARY IRON ANO STEEL MANUFACTURING..........................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL CONTAINERS.............................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS.
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ....................................
451
895
343
72
435
289
394
459
940
366
71
455
319
4 24
466
956
400
77
479
343
452
453
935
392
78
483
344
458
461
930
389
78
494
357
465
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES..................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..............................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING ANO OIL FIELD MACHINERY . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
87
127
164
72
283
181
243
91
136
177
79
3 04
193
261
99
148
191
87
337
20 5
285
104
149
188
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ..............................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ....................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES...................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT.....................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. .
173
173
106
340
161
158
527
189
191
114
362
165
173
550
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES .....................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT...............................................
AIRCRAFT ANO PARTS........................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.........................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS.....................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. .
265
94
753
605
246
250
64.
65.
66 .
67.
68 .
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ..............................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING.........................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING...............................
RADIO ANO TELEVISION BROADCASTING ...............................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE...................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE .............................................................
7 1 . REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL................................................... .....
7 2 . HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO
7 3 , 7 4 . BUSINESS SERVICES,RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT .
7 5 . AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES.........................................
7 6 . AMUSEMENTS............................................................................................
7 7 . MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS
78.
7«3.
84.
86 .
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 ....................................
STATE ANO LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 . . . .
TOTAL GOVERNMENT 2
.........................................
TOTAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT2 ....................................
TOTAL STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT 2 . . . .
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY........................................................................
TOTAL
.................................................................................................
439
200
979
410
194
66
307
68
222
1 ,0 6 3
471
216
110
352
205
290
141
192
89
343
198
280
215
218
125
404
ISO
196
629
225
239
129
418
175
227
245
135
417
178
200
202
667
676
389
385
1 14
816
834
299
296
155
388
426
2 ,6 4 9
850
432
2 ,6 7 5
863
123
653
1 4 ,0 8 1
2 ,7 7 4
88
101
111
120
843
624
274
259
130
862
753
303
285
146
395
2 ,4 8 8
745
103
615
1 2 ,1 6 0
2 ,4 0 1
4 17
2 ,5 3 2
774
107
623
1 2 ,7 1 6
2 ,4 5 4
431
2 , 593
P1 4
114
630
1 3 ,2 4 5
2 , 526
556
1 ,7 6 8
1 ,6 9 0
322
575
4 , 171
569
1 ,8 1 7
1 ,8 0 8
336
591
4 ,3 4 5
1 ,9 6 1
343
601
4 , 591
2,101
353
626
4 ,0 0 8
609
1 ,9 4 9
2 ,2 4 6
360
636
5 ,2 0 1
9 ,5 9 6
2 ,3 4 8
7 ,2 4 9
2 ,6 8 3
6 5 ,5 3 6
1 0 ,0 9 1
2 ,3 7 8
7 ,7 1 4
2 ,6 0 4
6 7 ,7 7 5
1 0 ,8 7 1
2 ,5 6 4
8 ,3 0 7
2 ,5 5 8
7 0 ,5 5 7
1 1 ,3 9 9
2 ,7 1 9
8 ,6 7 9
2 ,4 8 4
7 2 ,2 0 1
1 1 ,8 4 6
2 ,7 3 7
9 ,1 0 9
2 ,4 3 5
7 4 ,1 0 8
574
1,868
120
642
1 3 ,6 0 6
2 ,6 3 8
587
1 ,9 1 9
121
870
850
308
301
159
See footn otes on p. 130.
103
TABLE D-12.
WAGE AND SALARY EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY 1958 TO 1968 AND PROJECTED 1980'S— Continued
(T housand s)
Industry n u m ber and title
3 p e r ce n t
b a s ic m o d e l3
1980
3 p e r ce n t
high du ra ble 3
4 p e r ce n t ^
b a s ic m o d e l
4 p e r ce n t
high d u ra b le 3
AGRICULTURE..................................................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ..........................................
AGRICULTURAL, FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING . . ..........................
.....................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING. . . . .
COAL MINING .......................................................................................
2 ,8 0 0
78
152
25
60
90
2 ,8 0 0
79
155
27
61
89
2 ,7 7 2
77
151
25
59
89
2 ,7 7 2
8 . CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ....................................
245
130
4 ,6 0 0
2 50
1 ,7 5 5
239
132
4 ,7 1 3
351
1 ,6 9 1
242
129
4 , 553
247
1 ,7 3 7
236
131
4 ,6 6 5
347
1 ,6 7 4
65
550
64
544
119
1 ,7 3 5
62
535
585
415
63
540
123
1 ,7 0 0
107
602
431
579
411
1 ,6 8 3
195
596
427
1 ,2 .
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
9 , LO.
NQNMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING . . . . . .
1 1 ,1 2 . CONSTRUCTION .............................................................................
1 3 . ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES.........................................................
1 4 . FOOD ANO KINORED PRODUCTS ....................................................
1 5 . TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.......................... .....
1 6 . BROAO AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. .
1 7 . MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS .
1 8 . APPAREL . ............................................................................................
1 9 . MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
2 0 , 2 1 . LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS ..............................................
2 2 . HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ...................................................................
.
.
120
1 ,7 5 3
202
200
T8
154
27
60
88
122
200
200
555
245
1 ,2 4 0
500
275
550
244
1 ,2 2 5
497
277
198
549
243
1 ,2 2 8
495
272
198
544
242
1 ,2 1 3
492
274
335
75
155
760
25
310
215
320
76
152
774
25
300
218
332
74
153
752
25
307
213
317
75
150
766
25
297
216
575
850
490
80
605
400
530
593
890
520
78
628
420
548
569
841
485
79
599
396
525
587
831
515
77
621
416
542
120
125
380
245
320
12 *
177
230
132
414
259
347
119
168
218
124
376
243
317
127
175
228
131
410
256
343
5 0 . MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ..............................................................
5 1 . OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . . . .
5 2 . SERVICE INOUSTRY MACHINES ....................................................
5 3 . ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . • .
5 4 . HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES...................................................................
5 5 . ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT.....................
5 6 . RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . • •
285
400
180
450
310
433
190
523
210
210
245
760
256
855
282
396
178
475
208
243
752
307
428
188
518
217
253
846
5 7 . ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES . . . . .
5 8 . MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
5 9 . MOTOR VEHICLES ANO EQUIPMENT..............................................
6 0 . AIRCRAFT ANO PARTS........................................................................
6 1 . OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.........................................
6 2 . SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS.....................
6 3 . OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . • •
505
130
900
760
350
370
180
563
134
932
1 ,0 1 6
391
403
153
500
129
891
752
346
3 66
178
557
133
922
1 ,0 0 5
387
404
181
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ...............................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE....................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ..............................................................
485
2 ,9 0 0
970
160
710
1 7 ,6 2 5
3 ,5 3 0
484
2 ,9 0 9
95T
161
698
1 7 ,6 3 9
3 ,4 4 7
4 80
2 ,8 7 1
960
158
703
1 7 ,4 5 0
3 ,4 9 4
47 q
2 ,8 8 0
947
15 °
691
1 7 ,4 6 4
3 ,4 1 ?
7 1 . REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL..............................................................
7 2 . HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO . •
7 3 , 7 4 . BUSINESS SERVICES,RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT . . .
7 5 . AUTOMOBILE REPAIR ANO SERVICES.........................................
7 6 . AMUSEMENTS. . . . .
...................................................................
7 7 . MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS • •
730
2 ,6 0 0
4 ,0 0 5
485
870
7 ,9 0 0
712
2 ,4 8 8
4 ,0 4 5
473
828
7 ,5 3 1
723
2 ,5 7 5
3 ,9 6 7
480
861
7 ,8 2 1
705
2 ,4 6 4
4 ,0 C 6
468
819
7 ,4 5 6
1 6 ,8 0 0
3 ,0 0 0
1 3 ,8 0 0
2 ,8 0 0
9 2 ,2 0 0
1 6 ,2 0 0
3 ,0 0 0
1 3 ,2 0 0
2 ,8 0 0
9 2 ,0 0 0
1 6 ,6 3 2
2 ,9 7 0
1 3 ,6 6 2
2 ,7 7 0
9 1 ,2 7 4
1 6 ,0 3 8
2 ,9 7 0
1 3 ,0 6 8
2 ,7 7 0
9 1 ,0 7 4
2 3 . OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..............................................
2 4 . PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . • • •
2 5 . PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ....................................
2 6 . PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ........................................................
2 7 . CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
2 8 . PLASTICS ANO SYNTHETIC MATERIALS....................................
2 9 . DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS.....................
3 0 . PAINTS AND ALLIED PROOUCTS....................................................
3 1 . PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . • .
3 2 . RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . .
3 3 . LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PROOUCTS .
3 4 . FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ..........................
3 5 . GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS.........................................................
3 6 . STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS . . ..............................................
3 7 . PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING..........................
3 8 . PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
3 9 . METAL CONTAINERS.............................................................................
4 0 . HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
4 1 . STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS ANO BOLTS. . .
4 2 . OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ....................................
4 3 . ENGINES AND TURBINES...................................................................
4 4 . FARM MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT......................................... .....
4 5 . CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . .
4 6 . MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
4 7 . METALWORKING MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT..........................
4 8 . SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
4 9 . GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
64.
65.
.
•
170
.
.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ..............................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING. . . .
.....................
66 . COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING...............................
67.
68 .
69.
70.
78.
79.
84.
86 .
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 .....................................
STATE ANO LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES2 . . . .
TOTAL GOVERNMENT2
.................................... V
TOTAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT2 . . . . . . . .
TOTAL STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT 2 . . . .
HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY........................................................................
T O T A L ......................................................................................................
See foo tn o te s on p. 130.
104
220
TABLE D-13.
DIRECT REQUIREMENTS PER DOLLAR OF GROSS OUTPUT, 19801
(P r o d u c e r s va lu es - 1958 d o l la r s ) 2
Industry num b er and title 3
L iv e s t o c k
and
liv e s t o c k
pro d u cts
1
F orestry
and
fis h e r y
p rod u cts
O ther
a g r ic u l
tu ra l
p rod u cts
2
3
A g r i c u l
tu ra l,
fo r e s t r y
and
fis h e r y
s e r v ic e s
4
.1 4 8 2 0 6 0
.3 4 7 6 5 6 0
.0 0 0 4 2 2 0
-
Iron and
fe r r o a llo y
ores
m ining
N on ferrou s
m e ta l o r e s
m ining
C oa l
m ining
5
6
7
_
.0 7 9 3 9 3 0
.0 3 0 3 9 8 0
.0 0 3 7 0 4 0
_
.0 0 9 8 5 9 0
.1 6 0 4 1 7 0
.0 0 1 0 1 7 0
_
.1 1 9 3 0 4 0
.0 0 0 4 9 6 0
-
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 0 9 4 6 0
.0 0 0 9 2 0 0
-
.0 0 0 5 1 5 0
.0 0 0 0 2 4 0
.0 0 0 8 6 1 0
-
.0 0 0 1 1 5 0
.0 0 4 5 9 7 0
-
.0 0 1 4 0 9 0
.0 0 0 6 4 7 0
.0 0 0 6 6 5 0
.0 0 6 8 2 5 0
“
.0 0 0 3 9 8 0
.0 0 0 3 1 7 0
.0 3 8 2 5 9 0
.0 0 2 2 9 8 0
.0 0 0 5 4 6 0
.0 0 0 2 7 0 0
.0 0 0 8 3 2 0
-
.0000020
.0 0 0 0 8 8 0
.0 0 0 1 6 2 0
.0 0 7 4 0 3 0
.0 0 2 9 6 2 0
•C0C0030
.0 0 0 3 3 4 0
.0 0 9 1 2 5 0
.0 1 8 2 3 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
“
.0 0 4 9 5 4 0
.0 1 1 2 8 6 0
.0 0 1 3 9 5 0
.0 0 0 9 1 0 0
.0 0 0 1 9 1 0
.0 0 0 6 5 9 0
.0 0 9 4 6 9 0
.0 3 1 3 0 8 0
.0 0 8 1 7 9 0
.0 0 0 3 6 7 0
.0 0 0 3 9 9 0
• 00 10400
.0 0 2 2 7 5 0
.0 0 5 0 1 7 0
.0 0 5 9 4 1 0
.0 0 0 3 8 0 0
.0 0 4 9 4 2 0
.0 0 5 0 5 1 0
.0 0 0 3 8 5 0
.0 2 3 4 7 1 0
.0 0 0 3 8 3 0
.0 0 0 5 4 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 1 9 0 5 0
.0 3 3 0 5 4 0
.0 0 5 9 1 9 0
.0 0 3 4 9 9 0
.0 0 1 8 1 9 0
.0 0 0 1 0 7 0
.0 0 3 8 5 5 0
.0 0 0 2 9 7 0
.0 0 6 4 2 2 0
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS...............................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS .........................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ....................................................
AGRICULTURAL.FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES.....................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ...............................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING.........................................................
COAL MINING ..................................................................................................
.1 7 0 9 1 4 0
.2 5 9 5 6 1 0
.0 1 7 3 2 8 0
.0 0 0 2 3 4 0
.0 7 9 7 1 6 0
.0 1 9 7 5 8 0
.0 2 7 4 1 9 0
.0 0 0 0 2 5 0
.0 4 0 2 9 4 0
.0 8 8 2 7 7 0
.0 0 8 5 3 2 0
.0 0 9 8 2 3 0
-
8 . CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ...............................................
9 . STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .....................................
_
.0 0 0 0 2 8 0
• 0047810
.1 2 6 7 0 0 0
.0 0 2 8 8 3 0
.0 0 1 3 5 5 0
.0 0 7 3 9 4 0
-
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 0 1 7 5 0
.0 1 3 3 0 6 0
_
.0 0 0 2 3 0 0
.0 0 0 2 8 4 0
.0 0 0 0 7 1 0
_
.0 0 0 3 0 5 0
.0 0 1 1 9 8 0
.0 0 1 3 6 1 0
.0 0 0 0 6 8 0
.0 0 1 9 0 7 0
.0 0 6 6 2 0 0
-
.0 0 0 1 1 3 0
.0 0 0 3 1 7 0
.0 9 3 9 4 9 0
.0 0 4 4 4 5 0
.0 0 5 1 5 2 0
.0 0 0 0 5 2 0
.0 0 4 1 3 3 0
-
.0 0 1 2 5 7 0
.0 0 3 9 4 5 0
.0 0 0 0 1 6 0
.0 0 0 2 0 9 0
-
.0 0 1 0 5 6 0
.0 1 1 2 4 7 0
.0 0 4 7 1 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 0 3 4 0
.0 0 1 6 7 4 0
.0 0 0 2 3 5 0
-
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 0 7 8 8 5 0
.0 0 1 1 0 7 0
-
.0000010
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
10 . CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...............................
11 . NEW CONSTRUCTION.......................................................................................
12 . MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .....................................
1 3 . ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................................
1 4 . FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................................
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21 .
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.............................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ............................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .....................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS♦EXCEPT CONTAINERS.....................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..................................................................................
22 . HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .............................................................................
~
-
.0001210
-
.0000010
.0 0 1 2 4 3 0
.0 0 4 7 5 4 0
.0 0 3 9 7 9 0
-
.0000210
~
-
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.........................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PROOUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ...............................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS..........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS...............................................
.0 0 0 5 3 0 0
.0 0 0 1 9 1 0
.0 0 1 9 8 2 0
-
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES .....................
RUBBER ANO MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS.....................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .....................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................................
.0 0 2 3 3 0 0
.0 0 1 3 7 3 0
.0 0 2 0 2 7 0
.0 0 0 0 2 8 0
.0 0 0 1 2 7 0
.0 2 7 0 4 0 0
.0 2 5 4 4 3 0
.0 0 0 1 3 5 0
3 6 . STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS..................... .............................................
3 7 . PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING....................................
3 8 . PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ..........................
3 9 . METAL CONTAINERS.......................................................................................
4 0 . HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PROOUCTS. . .
4 1 . STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.....................
4 2 . OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ...............................................
.0 0 0 0 4 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 0 0 1 9 1 0
.0 0 0 7 1 8 0
.0 0 1 0 8 8 0
.0 0 1 0 8 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 3 0
.0 0 0 4 9 7 0
.0 0 1 6 5 0 0
_
.0 0 0 3 7 7 0
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.............................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
.0 0 0 3 8 6 0
-
.0 0 5 6 3 2 0
-
.0 0 0 0 6 6 0
-
-
.0 0 0 2 7 9 0
-
-
.0 1 6 7 7 9 0
.0 0 0 0 6 5 0
.0 0 0 0 6 0 0
.0 0 0 3 5 2 0
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PROOUCTS ........................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES..........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.............................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT................................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
.0 0 0 1 0 5 0
.0 0 0 0 6 4 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 1 7 3 0
.0 0 0 0 4 5 0
-
.0 0 0 0 5 9 0
-
-
.0 0 0 0 6 7 0
.0 0 0 6 1 6 0
.0 0 0 3 0 1 0
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 0 0 4 1 2 0
-
.0 0 1 5 8 3 0
-
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ................................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT....................................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS................................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
_
.0 0 0 3 0 2 0
.0 0 0 8 3 1 0
-
.0 0 0 9 8 0 0
.0 0 1 3 5 7 0
.0 0 0 1 0 6 0
-
_
.0 0 9 0 6 2 0
-
"
.0 0 0 1 9 3 0
.0 0 2 3 8 3 0
.0 0 1 5 2 9 0
.0 0 0 1 6 4 0
.0 0 0 0 4 5 0
.0 0 0 1 4 2 0
.0 0 0 7 8 5 0
.0 0 0 3 5 9 0
.0 0 0 0 5 4 0
.0 0 0 1 0 6 0
.0 0 2 1 0 7 0
.0 0 3 4 0 6 0
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 1 5 0
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING....................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..........................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ..........................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES..........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................................
.0 0 0 0 4 4 0
.0 1 3 9 5 7 0
.0 0 2 4 8 4 0
.0000210
.0 0 6 7 1 1 0
.0 3 7 9 6 1 0
.0 0 7 9 3 9 0
.0 1 4 8 2 4 0
.0 5 7 1 4 1 0
.0 1 0 9 8 2 0
.0 0 1 2 9 2 0
.0 0 9 5 8 3 0
.0 0 2 1 7 6 0
.0 0 0 2 6 0 0
.0 1 3 5 9 3 0
.0 1 5 5 9 0 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 8 5 6 2 9 0
.0 0 1 5 8 7 0
.0 6 6 3 7 8 0
.0 1 2 5 5 4 0
.0 0 4 5 0 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 2 3 6 8 7 0
.0 0 1 9 6 0 0
.0 7 1 8 5 1 0
.0 2 5 6 6 5 0
.0 1 2 7 3 3 0
.0 0 1 4 7 5 0
.0 0 3 5 3 0 0
.0 0 0 9 3 4 0
.0 5 1 7 2 5 0
.0 3 1 7 9 3 0
.0 0 9 5 6 7 0
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERV ICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES....................................................
AMUSEMENTS.......................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
.0 0 7 2 7 3 0
.0 0 2 3 6 6 0
.0 0 1 9 6 1 0
.0 0 6 4 2 5 0
.0 5 2 3 7 1 0
.0 3 6 3 6 2 0
.0 0 1 9 4 0 0
.0 0 0 6 2 4 0
.0 1 9 7 2 2 0
.0 5 9 0 1 0 0
.0 0 0 5 8 1 0
.0 0 9 5 8 7 0
.0 0 3 2 0 9 0
.0 0 0 6 8 7 0
.0 5 5 9 2 1 0
.0 0 0 7 0 5 0
.0 0 5 1 9 9 0
.0 0 0 3 9 5 0
.0 0 0 0 1 9 0
.0 0 0 7 6 2 0
.0 1 9 2 2 1 0
.0 0 0 8 3 8 0
.0 0 7 0 8 8 0
.0 0 0 3 3 7 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 0 0 9 9 7 0
.0 2 0 3 9 7 0
.0 0 0 2 3 8 0
.0 0 5 9 5 7 0
.0 0 0 2 4 6 0
.0 0 0 6 1 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 1 1 7 6 0
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES....................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES .....................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ..........................
OFFICE SUPPLIES .......................................................................................
TOTAL4 ................................................................................................................. I
.0 0 0 1 3 5 0
.0 0 0 0 1 8 0
.0 1 0 2 9 8 0
.0 0 0 5 0 4 0
.0 0 0 0 4 4 0
.6 9 0 6 0 3 0 1
.0 0 0 1 3 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 1 0
.0 1 0 0 4 5 0
.0 0 0 8 7 4 0
.0 0 0 4 8 2 0
.0 0 0 0 5 2 0
.3 6 1 9 3 4 0
.0 0 0 5 0 9 0
.0 0 0 3 3 6 0
.6 9 2 5 5 6 0
.0 0 0 6 2 2 0
.0 0 0 1 1 5 0
.0 0 0 0 4 5 0
.0 0 0 5 9 0 0
.0 0 0 0 4 5 0
.5 5 1 6 2 1 0
.0 0 0 5 6 9 0
.0 0 0 0 6 8 0
.3 0 3 9 9 3 0
.0 0 2 8 2 9 0
.0 0 0 1 8 3 0
.7 2 2 4 3 6 0
.0 0 0 7 4 5 0
.0 0 0 2 9 2 0
.1 7 9 4 2 4 0
.0 0 3 1 8 4 0
.0 0 0 2 5 0 0
.6 5 6 3 3 4 0
.0 0 0 9 5 5 0
.0 0 0 2 2 8 0
.0 0 0 7 9 1 0
.0 0 3 0 0 1 0
.0 0 0 2 9 6 0
.3 7 4 6 5 3 0
-
.0000210
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 1 0 1 9 8 0
-
-
_
.0 0 5 7 0 9 0
-
.0 0 8 9 3 0 0
.0 0 3 8 4 7 0
-
.0001210
.5 0 0 3 0 3 0
.0 0 0 3 3 5 0
.0 0 5 9 3 2 0
.0 0 5 1 4 7 0
-
.0 0 0 7 7 5 0
.0 0 1 9 5 2 0
.0 0 3 2 1 8 0
-
-
-
-
See footnotes on p. 131.
10 5
TABLE D-13.
DIRECT REQUIREMENTS PER DOLLAR OF CROSS OUTPUT, 19801— Continued
(Producers values - 1958 d o lla rs)2
Industry num ber and title 3
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AN0 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS.....................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PROOUCTS ...............................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ..........................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .....................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING...............................................
COAL MINING .......................................................................................
.
8 . CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .....................................
C rude
p etroleu m
and
natural
gas
Stone and
cla y
m ining and
q u arry in g
C h e m ica l
and
f e r t il iz e r
m in e r a l
m ining
New
c o n s tru c tio n
8
9
10
11
_
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 6 6 4 3 0 0
.0 0 0 3 7 9 0
-
9.
10 .
U .
12 .
13.
14.
STONE ANO CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ..........................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING.....................
NEW CONSTRUCTION.............................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ..........................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES.........................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ....................................................
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20 .
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES...................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICStYARN ANO THREAD MILLS. .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOOOS AND FLOOR COVERINGS .
APPAREL ..................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . .
WOODEN CONTAINERS ........................................................................
22 .
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ...................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE ANO FIXTURES...............................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODuCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS An D BOXES .....................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING .........................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS....................................
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS.....................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS....................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . .
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ..........................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS.........................................................
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS .........................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING..........................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL CONTAINERS.............................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS.
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .....................................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES...................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...............................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ..............................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ....................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES...................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT.....................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. .
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES .....................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT . .
MOTOR VEHICLES ANO EQUIPMENT...............................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS........................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..........................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS.....................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . • •
.0 0 0 0 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ...............................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING..........................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING...............................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ...............................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE....................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ..............................................................
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL..............................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ........................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.........................................................
a u t o m o b il e r e p a i r and s e r v i c e s ..........................................
AMUSEMENTS.............................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS • •
7 8 . FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES..........................................
7 9 . STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.....................
8 0 . GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ..........................
8 1 . BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS . . . .
8 2 . OFFICE SUPPLIES .............................................................................
TOTAL4.......................................................................................................
See footnotes on p. 131.
1 0 6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
_
.0 0 7 3 2 1 0
.0 0 0 4 1 9 0
-
.0012000
-
12
_
O rdnance
and
a cce s s o rie s
14
13
_
.0 0 0 6 0 6 0
.0 0 0 5 1 2 0
.0 0 0 8 3 6 0
_
-
.0 0 4 2 9 5 0
-
.0 0 2 0 3 6 0
.0 1 5 9 7 4 0
.0 5 7 4 5 5 0
.0 0 0 5 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 9 7 0
.0 1 2 5 0 6 0
.0 0 0 1 2 5 0
.0 0 0 0 6 9 0
.0 0 0 2 5 0 0
.0 0 6 2 9 5 0
.0 0 0 0 5 8 0
-
_
"
_
F ood and
kin dred
prod u cts
_
.0 0 1 5 8 6 0
.0 6 3 0 7 6 0
-
.2 2 6 4 3 4 0
.0 7 1 9 9 6 0
.0 0 4 2 0 2 0
.0 0 0 6 4 5 0
_
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 0 1 3 4 0
-
.0 0 1 9 1 0 0
.1 8 2 5 6 0 0
_
.0 0 0 2 0 6 0
.0 0 0 5 1 8 0
_
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.0 0 0 0 1 8 0
-
_
.0 0 0 3 1 5 0
.0 0 0 4 0 3 0
_
.0 0 0 0 7 0 0
.0 5 3 4 8 5 0
-
.0 0 0 0 6 3 0
.0 0 0 0 3 9 0
.0 2 2 8 6 6 0
-
_
.0 0 0 1 0 5 0
.0 0 0 5 3 4 0
.0 0 0 2 3 7 0
.0 0 0 4 1 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 1 1 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 5 6 6 0
.0 0 1 3 9 2 0
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 0 6 7 5 0
_
.0 0 0 4 1 5 0
.0 0 0 0 5 1 0
.0 0 0 0 7 8 0
.0 0 3 6 3 8 0
-
_
.0 0 8 3 7 0 0
.0 0 1 8 7 2 0
.0 0 0 3 2 0 0
.0 0 6 3 4 8 0
-
.0 0 5 1 0 6 0
.0 0 0 8 6 8 0
.0 0 0 0 4 6 0
.0 1 5 6 7 5 0
-
.0 0 4 6 0 6 0
.0 0 4 7 5 1 0
.0 0 6 5 4 1 0
.0 0 0 1 5 4 0
.0 0 6 8 9 2 0
-
_
.0 0 0 7 0 3 0
.0 0 4 0 2 2 0
.0 0 0 0 7 5 0
.0 0 4 2 6 9 0
-
.0 0 1 4 6 9 0
.0 0 3 3 7 6 0
.0 0 2 0 4 9 0
.0 0 2 2 8 0 0
-
.0000120
_
.0 0 5 1 4 7 0
.0 1 5 8 2 5 0
.0 0 1 9 2 9 0
.0 0 3 8 0 9 0
.0 0 2 2 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 7 3 0
.0 0 0 4 7 2 0
.0 0 3 6 9 0 0
.0 0 2 8 4 1 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 0 1 2 4 0
.0 1 8 1 2 7 0
.0 1 8 3 2 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
-
.0 0 0 1 8 3 0
.0 0 5 9 9 5 0
.0 0 3 5 1 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
_
.0 0 5 1 4 9 0
.0 1 4 2 2 6 0
.0 0 6 3 1 6 0
.0 0 0 0 2 7 0
.0 0 1 6 8 3 0
_
.0 4 9 1 0 9 0
.0 1 9 6 3 2 0
.0 0 3 9 4 4 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 4 7 4 7 0
.0 0 0 6 3 8 0
.0 0 0 5 0 6 0
.0 0 2 1 5 9 0
.0 4 2 4 2 6 0
.0 0 0 0 3 3 0
.0 0 0 8 8 9 0
.0 0 4 8 2 4 0
.0 0 0 0 9 5 0
.0 0 2 9 0 9 0
.0 1 2 6 5 3 0
.0 0 0 3 5 7 0
.0 0 0 2 6 3 0
.0 0 0 6 4 2 0
.0 0 0 5 6 6 0
.0 0 0 4 3 9 0
.0 0 4 5 0 7 0
.0 6 2 3 4 2 0
.0 1 3 6 4 8 0
.0 0 1 0 7 6 0
.0 0 0 4 9 0 0
.0 1 2 3 8 7 0
.0 0 3 0 7 6 0
.0 0 0 1 7 8 0
.0 0 0 6 3 9 0
.0 0 0 8 2 4 0
.0 7 9 1 3 2 0
.0 3 8 0 8 4 0
.0 3 0 8 5 4 0
.0 3 2 3 4 4 0
.0 1 2 8 2 3 0
.0 1 7 7 1 5 0
.0 4 6 9 3 0 0
.0 0 1 0 7 3 0
.0 0 3 0 6 3 0
.0 0 2 6 9 5 0
.0 1 1 4 4 8 0
.0 6 4 1 5 4 0
.0 0 1 2 6 5 0
.0 0 3 2 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 0 5 4 0 0
.0 0 7 2 8 5 0
.0000010
.0000120
-
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 1 2 5 0
.0 0 0 5 7 7 0
.0 3 3 7 2 3 0
.0 1 6 7 0 2 0
.0 0 0 0 6 8 0
.0 0 3 3 5 4 0
-
.0 8 6 8 4 1 0
.0 0 1 7 5 0 0
.0 1 5 5 6 9 0
.0 0 1 4 4 7 0
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 4 2 0
.0 0 3 0 0 1 0
.0 0 6 5 9 0 0
.0 0 0 0 2 8 0
.0 0 6 4 8 3 0
.0 0 0 2 7 3 0
.0 1 8 5 3 8 0
.0 0 4 8 8 8 0
.0000200
_
-
.0000200
.0 0 1 1 4 5 0
.0 0 0 5 8 1 0
.0000110
.0 0 1 1 5 9 0
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 2 4 8 2 0
.0 0 0 0 6 7 0
.0 0 0 4 6 0 0
.0 0 2 3 7 4 0
.0 0 0 0 8 6 0
-
.0 0 0 2 5 5 0
.0 0 5 0 2 1 0
.0 0 0 0 4 8 0
-
.0 0 0 0 5 7 0
.0 2 0 3 1 0 0
.0 0 8 4 8 0 0
.0 1 1 5 2 6 0
.0 1 6 2 9 8 0
.0 0 0 5 6 8 0
.0 0 4 1 2 8 0
.0 0 4 8 3 4 0
.0 0 5 6 0 1 0
.0 0 8 4 1 3 0
.0 0 2 1 9 4 0
.0 0 2 1 6 6 0
_
.0 0 0 1 8 7 0
.0 0 0 9 5 8 0
.0 0 0 1 0 7 0
.0 0 2 2 1 7 0
.0 0 0 1 1 8 0
.0 0 0 2 9 8 0
.0 0 0 0 4 1 0
.0 0 0 0 1 8 0
.0 0 0 3 1 2 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 0 1 3 8 0
.0002220
.0000600
.0 0 0 2 8 5 0
.0 0 0 1 9 6 0
.0 0 0 0 5 3 0
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 4 1 0 9 0
-
.0 0 1 0 2 3 0
-
.0 0 0 0 4 1 0
.0 2 3 8 9 3 0
.0 0 0 2 6 0 0
.0 1 9 3 6 8 0
.0 1 2 6 7 8 0
.0 0 9 4 6 0 0
.0 0 0 3 7 9 0
.0 1 5 2 5 7 0
.0 0 2 1 6 5 0
.0 6 7 8 6 8 0
.0 3 9 1 9 0 0
.0 1 0 5 3 2 0
.0 0 0 2 0 9 0
.0 6 1 5 1 5 0
.0 0 2 4 2 5 0
.0 6 4 7 7 2 0
.0 2 4 9 5 3 0
.0 0 5 8 7 7 0
.0 0 1 7 9 7 0
.0 3 3 9 5 8 0
.0 0 2 3 1 1 0
.0 0 2 9 4 5 0
.0 9 8 0 7 4 0
.0 0 8 4 6 1 0
.1 5 5 8 8 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 8 0
.0 3 3 6 5 3 0
.0 0 1 4 9 8 0
.0 2 3 3 7 5 0
.0 0 0 9 5 3 0
.0 0 9 6 9 8 0
.0 0 0 8 4 7 0
.0 0 8 8 5 8 0
-
• •
.
_
.0 0 0 2 4 9 0
.0 0 0 5 9 0 0
.0 0 1 6 8 2 0
M aintenance
and re p a ir
c o n s tru c tio n
.0001100
.0 0 0 8 3 2 0
-
-
-
-
-
.0000010
.0000210
.0000220
.0 0 3 7 6 0 0
.0 4 9 3 3 5 0
.0 0 0 2 3 6 0
.0 0 5 0 9 3 0
-
.0 0 1 0 1 5 0
.0 0 1 0 9 2 0
.0 0 1 0 2 6 0
.0011220
.0 0 0 4 0 3 0
.1 0 3 6 2 1 0
.0 0 4 6 5 4 0
.0 0 0 3 3 5 0
.4 7 0 5 4 5 0
.0 0 0 5 9 4 0
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 5 9 5 5 6 0
.0 0 3 6 3 3 0
.0 0 0 3 0 4 0
.4 3 7 4 5 7 0
.0 0 0 7 7 1 0
.0 0 0 3 1 4 0
.1 1 6 5 2 6 0
.0 0 6 7 3 9 0
.0 0 0 5 3 5 0
.4 6 6 2 1 7 0
_
.0 0 0 2 5 1 0
.0 0 3 2 7 0 0
.0 0 0 3 4 7 0
.6 6 2 3 9 5 0
.0100010
.0 0 0 2 5 3 0
.0 0 0 2 2 9 0
.0 0 0 0 3 5 0
-
-
.0 0 2 9 6 4 0
-
.0 0 0 1 9 4 0
.0 0 5 7 1 1 0
.0 1 0 1 5 3 0
.0 0 0 9 7 0 0
.0 0 0 8 8 9 0
.0 0 0 3 8 9 0
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 1 0 9 7 5 0
.0 0 1 0 0 5 0
.0 0 6 5 7 4 0
.0 5 8 8 7 0 0
.0 0 2 4 8 5 0
.0 0 4 1 8 8 0
.0 2 2 6 2 0 0
.0 0 0 2 9 1 0
.0 1 2 2 9 6 0
.0 7 3 4 8 9 0
.0 0 8 2 6 6 0
.0 0 0 3 1 3 0
.0 0 4 3 6 8 0
.2 7 3 3 3 8 0
.0 0 2 8 6 7 0
.0 1 8 4 6 0 0
.0 0 0 6 5 5 0
.0000020
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 6 7 6 9 0
.0 0 0 0 4 3 0
.0000220
.0 0 1 3 5 1 0
.0 2 2 0 4 0 0
.0 0 1 9 7 5 0
.0 0 1 3 0 4 0
_
.0 0 0 2 0 7 0
.0000010
.0 0 0 0 2 8 0
.0000200
.COOOIOC
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 1 2 7 0
.0 0 0 3 6 0 0
_
.0 0 0 0 5 9 0
.0000100
-
-
.0000020
.0 0 1 2 0 3 0
.0 0 2 3 0 6 0
.0 8 3 3 8 2 0
.0 0 2 8 1 9 0
.0 0 2 6 4 2 0
.0 1 0 0 9 1 0
.0 0 6 1 9 8 0
.0 0 3 9 0 5 0
.0 3 0 0 5 0 0
.0 0 8 3 0 2 0
.0 0 0 4 8 5 0
.0 3 0 5 8 3 0
.0 0 4 1 3 2 0
.0 0 7 3 5 6 0
.0 3 5 9 9 7 0
.0 0 5 1 3 8 0
.0 0 1 9 2 2 0
.0 0 4 1 4 4 0
.0 0 0 2 4 4 0
.0 0 1 3 5 3 0
.0 0 0 6 8 7 0
.0 0 4 0 7 3 0
.0 0 0 8 3 3 0
.0 2 6 0 6 9 0
.0 0 0 7 7 7 0
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.0 0 1 1 7 0 0
.0 0 4 1 6 2 0
.0 0 0 5 8 8 0
.0 3 1 2 6 9 0
.0 0 0 6 5 2 0
. C06188C
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 0 1 1 8 0 0
.0 0 0 8 0 9 0
.0 0 0 1 4 0 0
.0 1 4 2 4 2 0
.0 1 4 8 9 7 0
.0 0 1 3 7 7 0
.8 4 5 0 7 7 0
.0 0 0 4 5 3 0
.0 0 0 4 6 3 0
.0 2 7 5 5 0 0
.0 0 4 0 2 2 0
.0 0 0 5 5 3 0
.7 3 5 2 7 8 0
.0166610
_
.0 0 0 1 3 3 0
-
.0 0 1 6 7 5 0
.0 0 0 1 7 8 0
.3 7 8 9 3 2 0
TABLE D-13.
DIRECT REQUIREMENTS PER DOLLAR OF GROSS OUTPUT, 19801— Continued
(Producers values - 1958 d o lla rs)2
Industry num ber and title 3
T o b a cc o
m anuf ac tu res
15
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS..............................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS .........................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ....................................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES.....................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ..............................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING.........................................................
COAL MINING .................................................................................................
8 . CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..............................................
9.
STONE AND CLAY
h I n ING
AND QUARRYING ....................................
10 . CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING..................... ..... .
11 . NEW CONSTRUCTION.......................................................................................
12 . MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ....................................
_
.1 4 2 8 3 9 0
.0 0 0 2 3 4 0
_
-
1 3 . ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES..................... .... ........................................
1* . FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................................
.0 0 0 0 5 3 0
.0 0 5 8 7 5 0
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20 .
21.
.1 5 4 9 4 2 0
.0 0 0 1 8 8 0
.0 0 0 2 2 4 0
.0 0 0 6 9 0 0
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.............................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ...........................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .....................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS.....................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..................................................................................
22 . HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .............................................................................
_
-
B roa d and
n a rrow
fa b r ic s ,
y a rn and
threa d
m ills
16
.0 0 4 4 9 8 0
.0 4 1 0 3 6 0
.0 0 1 4 7 3 0
_
.0 0 0 0 6 6 0
.0 0 0 6 1 8 0
.0 0 2 1 0 9 0
M i s c e ll a
neous
tex tile
g ood s and
flo o r
co v e r in g s
17
.0 0 5 8 6 5 0
.0 0 1 3 0 8 0
.0 0 0 6 2 0 0
_
A p p a re l
18
_
.0 0 0 5 8 2 0
.0 0 5 4 7 3 0
.0 0 0 0 4 7 0
_
-
M is c e lla
neous
fa b ric a te d
tex tile
p rod u cts
L u m ber and
w ood
W ooden
p r o d u c ts,
co n ta in e rs
ex cep t
con ta in ers
19
20
_
.0 0 0 3 7 3 0
-
_
.0 2 3 1 7 1 0
.0 6 6 5 8 4 0
.0 0 0 9 4 4 0
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.0 0 0 1 9 5 0
_
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 1 7 4 6 0
-
21
_
-
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 1 5 2 0
.0 0 1 2 4 0 0
.0000220
.0 0 0 5 4 7 0
-
_
.0 0 0 1 4 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
-
.0000110
_
.0 0 0 0 8 7 0
-
_
.1 8 0 0 0 7 0
.1 0 1 2 8 6 0
.0 0 2 5 8 0 0
.0 0 4 3 4 1 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.2 6 4 1 3 1 0
.0 0 5 0 0 0 0
.1 5 9 6 0 0 0
.0 1 1 2 9 6 0
-
.3 9 0 9 0 6 0
.0 8 0 5 8 7 0
.0 0 8 3 1 3 0
.0 6 2 6 2 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 0 0 1 9 6 0
.0 0 1 1 3 7 0
.0 0 0 1 5 5 0
.2 6 2 0 5 0 0
.0 0 1 0 4 1 0
.0 0 0 0 1 5 0
.3 5 1 5 6 7 0
.0 3 2 1 3 7 0
.0 0 0 0 1 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 1 5 1 3 0
.0 0 7 7 3 8 0
.0 0 0 7 6 1 0
.0 4 6 1 7 4 0
.1 9 8 4 2 6 0
.0 0 2 0 8 2 0
.0 1 0 3 0 7 0
.0 0 5 9 9 5 0
.0 0 0 4 7 0 0
.0 0 2 9 2 0 0
.2 2 1 9 3 0 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 9 7 4 0
.0062CGC
.0 0 0 9 6 0 0
.0 0 9 0 4 1 0
.0 1 7 6 3 3 0
.0 0 2 4 6 9 0
.0 0 1 8 9 7 0
.0 1 2 6 0 9 0
.0 0 9 6 3 1 0
.0 0 1 2 6 0 0
.0 0 0 2 4 1 0
-
.0 0 1 7 7 4 0
.0 0 0 2 4 9 0
.0 0 6 7 1 3 0
.0 0 4 1 4 9 0
.0 0 3 7 2 0 0
.0 0 8 8 0 5 0
.0 1 0 6 2 2 0
.0 0 4 9 7 7 0
.0 0 0 7 9 9 0
.0 0 1 8 0 8 0
.0 0 2 2 2 7 0
.0 0 2 1 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 1 8 0
-
.0 0 0 0 9 4 0
.0 0 0 0 2 5 0
.0 0 0 3 9 6 0
.0 0 5 0 9 0 0
.0 0 1 9 3 7 0
.0 0 0 6 5 7 0
.0 0 1 1 2 7 0
.0 0 5 4 7 0 0
.0 0 9 5 7 4 0
.0 0 6 2 0 8 0
.0 0 0 0 5 2 0
.0 0 1 1 2 4 0
.0 0 0 5 9 2 0
.0 0 0 9 3 7 0
.0 0 6 0 6 9 0
.0 0 1 8 4 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0000020
.0 0 0 7 7 9 0
.0 0 0 1 8 4 0
.0 0 0 9 3 1 0
.0 9 1 4 9 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 2 2 2 8 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 0 0 6 4 0
.0 0 1 1 9 7 0
.0 0 0 3 4 5 0
.0 0 0 0 3 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 0 0 2 3 8 0
.0 0 1 9 5 3 0
.0 0 3 7 2 8 0
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 1 1 0 8 0
.0 0 0 3 5 0 0
.0 0 2 0 6 6 0
.0 0 7 5 7 6 0
.0 0 1 5 0 4 0
.0 3 9 3 8 0 0
.0 0 0 0 4 6 0
.0 0 0 5 1 9 0
.0 0 1 8 1 4 0
.0 0 6 3 8 0 0
_
.3 5 8 8 2 2 0
.0 2 1 2 9 3 0
.0 0 1 3 9 0 0
.0 0 2 7 9 6 0
.0001200
.0000200
.0000020
“
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES............................... .....
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ...............................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS..........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..............................................
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES .....................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS.....................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .....................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................................
.0 0 1 3 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 2 6 0
.0 0 0 0 3 8 0
.0 0 6 2 6 8 0
.0 0 0 0 2 6 0
.0 0 2 2 6 7 0
.0 0 0 3 4 9 0
.0 0 2 2 1 4 0
.0 1 2 1 5 4 0
.0000010
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 1 4 7 4 6 0
.0 0 0 4 5 0 0
.0 0 0 4 9 0 0
.0 0 1 4 1 7 0
.0 4 3 2 8 1 0
.0 0 0 0 8 2 0
.0 0 0 3 0 6 0
.0 0 1 4 3 8 0
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING. . . . . . . .
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ..........................
METAL CONTAINERS.......................................................................................
HtATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.....................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ...............................................
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 0 1 1 3 2 0
.0 0 1 2 7 2 0
.0 0 0 0 5 1 0
.0 0 1 4 8 6 0
.0 0 0 2 3 7 0
.0 0 0 3 5 3 0
.0 0 0 2 2 9 0
.0 0 0 0 4 7 0
.0 0 0 0 9 5 0
.0 0 0 8 0 6 0
.0 0 0 7 7 9 0
.0 0 0 4 5 1 0
.0 0 0 2 1 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
.0 0 1 0 5 5 0
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.............................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT.....................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 3 5 0
.0 0 0 1 9 6 0
.0 0 4 0 8 0 0
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES..........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.............................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...............................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
.0 0 0 0 2 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 0 0 1 0 4 0
-
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 0 2 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 0 0 5 7 0
.0 0 0 1 9 5 0
"
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT....................................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...............................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
_
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
-
_
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
-
_
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 3 6 7 0
.0 0 0 2 7 7 0
.0 0 0 0 1 8 0
_
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
•OOCQ03C
.0 0 0 1 5 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 0 0 3 0 4 0
.0 0 3 9 9 7 0
_
.0 0 0 0 9 6 0
.0 0 0 0 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 3 0 0
.0 0 0 6 6 5 0
.0 0 0 0 1 9 0
“
.0 0 0 2 0 6 0
"
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING....................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..........................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ..........................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER ANO SANITARY SERVICES..........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE.......................... ..... ..........................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................................
.0 0 1 1 4 2 0
.0 1 1 5 1 6 0
.0 0 0 6 4 9 0
.0 0 1 5 6 6 0
.0 1 9 4 8 6 0
.0 0 2 2 8 7 0
.0020000
.0 1 3 1 3 9 0
.0 3 3 8 8 9 0
.0 0 5 7 7 3 0
.0 0 7 8 2 3 0
.0 2 7 1 6 0 0
.0 0 3 5 2 2 0
.0 0 8 0 8 2 0
.0 4 5 6 6 0 0
.0 0 7 6 8 1 0
.0 1 8 7 2 7 0
.0 0 7 5 0 6 0
.0 0 4 0 4 5 0
.0 0 3 9 1 2 0
.0 3 6 4 1 5 0
.0 0 6 3 9 6 0
.0 1 7 1 1 0 0
.0 0 8 9 5 4 0
.0 0 2 6 5 0 0
.0 0 4 2 6 4 0
.0 4 7 2 5 9 0
.0 0 4 3 0 1 0
.0 0 1 5 5 5 0
.0 4 2 0 2 8 0
.0 0 4 2 2 2 0
.0 1 6 3 9 2 0
.0 4 3 1 5 3 0
.0 0 5 8 9 7 0
.0 0 0 4 9 3 0
.0 3 4 1 6 2 0
.0 0 2 3 7 2 0
.0 2 1 8 0 4 0
.0 4 9 5 7 5 0
.0 0 5 9 8 5 0
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES....................................................
a m u se m e n ts ......................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
.0 0 1 1 7 7 0
.0 0 0 4 1 9 0
.0 4 0 5 7 8 0
.0 0 1 4 5 0 0
.0 0 0 7 3 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 1 1 8 6 0
.0 0 4 1 4 5 0
.0 0 1 5 9 5 0
.0 1 3 0 4 9 0
.0 0 0 3 2 4 0
.0 0 0 6 7 9 0
.0 0 0 0 3 4 0
.0 0 1 2 3 5 0
.0 0 6 2 2 1 0
.0 0 1 1 0 8 0
.0 1 0 5 3 5 0
.0 0 0 2 6 5 0
.0 0 0 5 3 4 0
.0 0 0 0 2 6 0
.0 0 1 0 3 3 0
.0 1 0 4 9 5 0
.0 0 2 5 5 9 0
.0 1 3 3 8 4 0
.0 0 0 3 2 4 0
.0 0 0 2 7 5 0
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 1 3 7 3 0
.0 0 9 7 4 6 0
.0 0 1 5 4 7 0
.0 0 8 1 5 6 0
.0 0 0 3 8 0 0
.0 0 1 5 1 0 0
.0C C0370
.0 0 1 0 8 1 0
.0 0 5 8 3 7 0
.0 0 1 7 8 0 0
.0 0 8 2 2 6 0
.0 1 5 3 5 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 9 0
.0 0 1 1 8 1 0
.0 0 8 6 6 5 0
.0 0 2 5 4 7 0
.0 0 8 2 8 8 0
.0 1 5 4 5 2 0
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 1 2 7 7 0
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES....................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ....................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND G I F T S ..........................
OFFICE SUPPLIES .......................................................................................
TOTAL 4.................................................................................................................
.0 0 2 0 3 6 0
.0 0 0 0 5 9 0
.0 0 3 0 1 4 0
.0 0 1 3 0 2 0
.0 0 0 2 0 6 0
.4 4 4 6 2 3 0
.0 0 0 7 2 7 0
.0 0 0 2 2 7 0
.0 3 0 8 7 0 0
.0 0 2 9 3 4 0
.0 0 0 5 7 8 0
.8 5 9 7 8 8 0
.0 0 1 0 9 7 0
.0 0 0 2 0 4 0
.1 2 5 4 2 3 0
.0 0 3 1 0 4 0
.0 0 0 5 1 4 0
.8 4 3 3 0 3 0
.0 0 1 7 3 0 0
.0 0 0 0 9 0 0
.0 0 3 7 7 2 0
.0 0 5 0 3 7 0
.0 0 0 9 0 2 0
.6 0 8 1 8 0 0
.0 0 1 3 0 0 0
.0 0 0 2 8 6 0
.0 0 2 6 7 0 0
.0 0 5 1 6 1 0
.0 0 0 7 3 8 0
.7 9 1 6 0 2 0
.0 0 0 3 6 7 0
.0 0 0 6 3 1 0
.0 7 8 8 0 6 0
.0 0 5 2 5 2 0
.0 0 0 4 6 1 0
.6 6 8 7 6 8 0
.0 0 0 8 6 8 0
.0 0 0 5 1 7 0
.0 1 2 0 1 6 0
.0 0 6 4 4 6 0
.0 0 0 5 8 5 0
.6 3 2 9 4 4 0
.0116880
.0 1 1 8 6 6 0
.0 0 2 2 0 4 0
.0 0 0 8 8 7 0
.0 2 0 3 7 5 0
-
-
.0 0 1 4 3 9 0
.0 1 1 7 4 3 0
.0001120
-
-
.0001100
.0000020
_
.0 0 0 2 9 8 0
-
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 0 0 1 9 2 0
.0 0 0 5 5 1 0
.0 0 0 1 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 2 4 0
-
.0000110
_
_
-
-
_
.0 0 0 0 2 6 0
.0000010
-
.0 0 0 0 1 5 0
.0 0 0 1 7 8 0
.0 0 0 5 0 3 0
.0 0 0 5 7 6 0
.0 0 0 1 4 5 0
.0 0 1 3 2 6 0
.0 0 1 2 4 3 0
.0 0 0 3 1 1 0
.0 0 3 4 9 2 0
.0 0 0 3 1 0 0
.0000010
.0001010
.00C01CC
-
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 0 4 3 0
-
.0 0 0 4 4 8 0
-
.0 0 0 4 6 7 0
.0 0 2 0 6 7 0
-
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0000020
-
-
.0000110
.0000010
.0 0 0 0 3 3 0
.0 0 1 1 8 7 0
-
_
.0001000
See footnotes on p. 131.
107
TABLE D-13.
DIRECT REQUIREMENTS PER DOLLAR OF GROSS OUTPUT, 1980^ C on tin u ed
(P r o d u c e r s v alu es - 1958 d o l la r s )2
Industry num b er and title 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK ANO LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS....................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ............................... . . .
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ..........................................
AGRICULTURAL» FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . .
IRON ANO FERROALLOY ORES MINING ....................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING...............................................
COAL MINING ........................................................................................
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .....................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ..........................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING. . . . .
NEW CONSTRUCTION.............................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ..........................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES.........................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ....................................................
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES...................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS »YARN AND THREAD MILLS. .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS .
APPAREL ..................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . .
WOODEN CONTAINERS ........................................................................
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ...................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES...............................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PROOUCTS* EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ....................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING .........................................................
CHEMICALS ANO SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.....................................
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING ANO TOILET PREPARATIONS.....................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.............................................. .
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . .
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ..........................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS.........................................................
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS...............................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING. . . . . .
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL CONTAINERS.............................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PROOUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ....................................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES...................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...............................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ..............................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ....................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES...................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT.....................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. .
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
H ou seh old
fu rn itu re
O ther
fu rn itu re
and
fix tu re s
P a p e r and
a llie d
p r o d u c ts,
e x ce p t
co n ta in e rs
P a p e rb o a r d
co n ta in e rs
and b o x e s
P rin tin g
and
pu blishing
C h e m ica ls
and
s e le c t e d
c h e m ic a l
p r o d u c ts
P la s t ic s
and
synthetic
m a te r ia ls
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
.0 0 0 3 3 5 0
-
-
.0 0 0 5 5 6 0
.0 0 8 3 5 4 0
.
.
_
. OC02950
.0 0 0 0 6 6 0
-
_
.0 0 1 5 8 5 0
.00015C C
.0 0 3 3 5 0 0
.0 0 1 4 9 3 0
.0 0 3 4 6 3 0
.0 0 6 0 6 6 0
.0 0 3 5 0 0 0
.0 0 0 3 6 3 0
.0 0 0 0 6 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 0 5 4 9 7 0
.0 0 1 6 0 8 0
.0 0 0 6 0 4 0
.0 0 2 0 4 1 0
.0 4 6 6 5 3 0
• 00 02 2 30
.0000120
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.3 8 7 3 8 3 0
.0 4 0 4 2 6 0
.0 0 6 9 5 9 0
.0 0 2 4 0 7 0
.0 0 7 3 6 1 0
.0 0 0 2 8 4 0
.1 8 2 6 9 8 0
.0 0 5 0 1 1 0
.1 3 1 9 0 8 0
.0 1 8 0 9 9 0
.0 0 1 7 1 1 0
.0 0 0 5 2 0 0
.0 0 0 8 8 1 0
.0 0 2 4 0 6 0
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
-
.0 1 7 5 0 9 0
.0 0 3 6 0 8 0
.0 4 6 9 3 7 0
.0 0 6 8 2 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 1 1 8 8 7 0
.0 0 6 4 0 7 0
.0 1 2 5 5 2 0
•017541C
-
.0000100
.0000010
.0 0 1 4 2 1 0
.0 0 0 2 6 2 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 1 0 5 9 0
.0000020
.0 0 0 3 4 2 0
.0 0 1 1 4 3 0
.0 0 0 2 3 4 0
.0 0 0 6 4 8 0
.0 0 1 3 1 0 0
_
-
-
.0 0 0 8 2 7 0
.0 0 0 0 7 9 0
.0 0 0 7 8 1 0
.0 0 0 2 4 2 0
_
-
_
-
.0 0 1 0 7 7 0
.0 0 5 8 1 0 0
.0 0 4 4 8 7 0
.0 0 4 5 1 4 0
.0 0 5 0 8 1 0
.0 0 1 3 7 1 0
.0 0 3 4 2 1 0
.0 0 0 4 4 1 0
.0 0 1 8 8 1 0
.0 0 1 5 5 8 0
.0 3 6 2 9 3 0
.0 0 0 4 7 5 0
.0 0 9 8 5 0 0
_
.0 0 0 1 1 4 0
.0 0 0 1 1 4 0
.0 0 6 0 0 1 0
.0 0 3 3 8 4 0
_
.0 0 0 0 6 3 0
.0 0 1 4 6 6 0
.0 0 0 0 8 0 0
.0 0 0 1 7 0 0
.0 0 0 3 9 2 0
.0 0 2 1 2 7 0
.0 0 2 2 3 8 0
.0 0 0 1 0 9 0
_
.0 0 0 9 2 0 0
.0 0 0 1 8 1 0
•C00418C
.0 0 0 2 1 6 0
. C00092C
-
-
-
.0 5 6 6 6 8 0
.0 1 3 7 9 6 0
.0 0 0 3 1 7 0
.0 0 1 1 5 9 0
.1 1 0 8 6 8 0
.0 0 0 0 6 0 0
.0 0 1 9 1 3 0
.0 1 7 9 4 5 0
.0 0 0 9 4 9 0
.0 0 0 8 9 1 0
.0 4 6 3 2 0 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 1 2 3 5 4 0
.0 0 5 3 8 4 0
.0 0 3 5 4 4 0
.0 1 8 5 5 3 0
.0 0 0 3 6 9 0
.0 0 0 0 6 4 0
.0 0 0 3 4 1 0
.0 2 3 4 5 4 0
.0 1 4 2 8 3 0
.0 0 3 3 8 0 0
.0 1 8 6 5 1 0
.0 0 1 0 2 6 0
.0 0 0 1 6 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 2 1 2 9 7 0
.0 0 2 1 0 7 0
.0 8 9 3 2 8 0
.0 0 0 8 0 5 0
.0 0 0 2 6 3 0
.0 1 3 8 4 9 0
.0 0 0 0 4 5 0
.0 1 7 1 7 0 0
.0 0 1 9 9 8 0
.0 3 4 4 3 2 0
.0 0 0 9 3 3 0
.0 0 2 1 2 3 0
.0 0 0 2 5 8 0
.0 0 9 9 3 9 0
.0 4 4 8 7 8 0
.0000100
.0 3 6 5 8 8 0
.0 0 0 0 8 3 0
.0 0 0 0 4 3 0
.0 0 2 5 6 6 0
.0 2 1 3 8 9 0
.0 1 1 4 4 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 0 3 2 2 0 0
.0 0 4 4 9 7 0
.0 5 3 9 2 7 0
.0 0 1 7 1 4 0
.1 1 8 3 2 6 0
.0 1 5 8 7 3 0
.0 1 2 8 5 9 0
.0 0 4 7 1 9 0
.0 3 6 1 0 7 0
.0 0 4 6 1 7 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
.0 0 1 5 0 7 0
.0 0 0 0 4 7 0
.0 0 0 0 3 8 0
.0 0 1 2 5 9 0
.0 1 0 0 6 2 0
.0 0 0 0 6 1 0
.0 0 0 5 2 6 0
.0 0 0 1 3 5 0
.0 0 3 8 1 0 0
.0 0 0 8 6 9 0
.0 0 2 3 6 4 0
.0 0 0 2 1 6 0
.0 0 1 6 5 9 0
.0 0 2 9 8 7 0
.0 0 3 9 2 0 0
.0 1 4 0 1 2 0
.0 0 6 6 3 2 0
.0 0 0 1 6 3 0
.0 0 0 6 9 5 0
.0 0 3 4 5 6 0
_
.0 0 0 7 1 9 0
.0 0 0 9 7 9 0
.0 0 2 5 4 0 0
.0 0 0 3 0 9 0
.0 0 0 5 5 8 0
.0 0 0 3 0 4 0
.0 0 0 0 5 2 0
.0 0 2 5 9 8 0
.0 0 0 3 4 7 0
.0 0 1 7 3 9 0
.0 0 0 7 5 5 0
.0 0 1 8 9 0 0
• 0 0 05 5 30
.0 0 0 5 7 9 0
.0 0 3 2 4 4 0
.0 0 0 5 1 3 0
.0 0 0 0 2 8 0
.0 0 0 1 0 4 0
.0 0 1 9 4 5 0
.0 0 0 0 9 5 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 0 5 5 2 0
.0 0 0 6 5 2 0
.0 1 3 2 0 1 0
.0 0 0 3 3 3 0
_
.0 0 1 2 6 7 0
.0 0 1 1 3 5 0
.0 0 0 5 4 5 0
.0 0 0 1 6 1 0
.0 0 0 0 8 0 0
.0 0 0 1 7 1 0
.0 0 1 5 3 1 0
.0 0 0 9 8 3 0
.0 0 0 2 9 6 0
.0 0 0 2 6 6 0
.0 0 5 9 6 0 0
.0 0 9 9 9 7 0
.0 0 0 3 2 8 0
.0 0 0 9 1 4 0
.0 0 0 9 2 4 0
.0 0 1 9 5 9 0
.0 0 0 4 9 7 0
.0 0 0 4 7 2 0
.0 0 0 0 3 8 0
.0 0 0 4 7 0 0
.0 0 0 3 8 8 0
.0 0 0 1 0 5 0
.0 0 0 0 8 2 0
.0 0 0 4 6 6 0
-
.0 0 0 0 6 9 0
.0 0 0 4 3 4 0
.0 0 0 1 0 3 0
.0 0 0 5 1 2 0
.0 0 0 5 0 9 0
.0 0 1 6 6 2 0
.0 0 0 0 8 7 0
.0 0 1 2 1 8 0
.0 0 0 1 1 4 0
-
.0 0 0 3 9 2 0
.0 0 0 6 5 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 8 0
.0 0 0 3 9 2 0
.0 0 0 2 2 6 0
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ..................... # .
.
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT...............................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS........................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..........................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS.....................
OPTICAL»OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . • •
.0 0 0 4 4 3 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 0 0 0 4 4 0
.0 0 0 0 5 1 0
.0 0 0 0 4 2 0
-
.0 0 0 1 5 5 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 0 2 3 9 6 0
.0 0 0 9 9 9 0
.0 0 0 5 4 5 0
.0 0 7 2 1 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 3 5 5 0
.0 0 0 2 7 0 0
_
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
-
.0 0 0 0 9 2 0
.0 0 0 0 1 6 0
.0 0 0 1 6 1 0
.0 0 1 3 3 1 0
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.0 0 0 1 6 0 0
.0 0 4 8 7 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 0 0 8 0 0
.0 0 0 4 2 2 0
.0 0 0 4 2 1 0
_
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
•C00298C
.0 0 2 2 1 3 0
64.
65.
66 .
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ...............................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING..........................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING...............................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ...............................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE....................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ..............................................................
.0 0 4 8 5 7 0
.0 1 9 8 4 0 0
.0 0 6 4 6 8 0
.0 1 2 1 2 5 0
.0 5 0 8 5 1 0
.0 0 5 1 2 8 0
.0 1 5 7 4 1 0
.0 1 5 3 4 5 0
.0 0 5 0 0 5 0
.0 1 1 5 4 3 0
.0 5 4 7 6 7 0
.0 0 5 0 1 5 0
.0 0 0 9 1 7 0
.0 3 1 1 7 3 0
.0 0 3 6 4 9 0
.0 6 1 9 5 4 0
.0 3 4 6 0 4 0
.0 0 5 6 7 4 0
.0 0 0 9 7 6 0
.0 2 8 0 8 1 0
.0 0 2 8 1 0 0
.0 0 8 2 2 6 0
.0 3 3 9 2 6 0
.0 0 6 1 3 2 0
.0 0 2 6 8 1 0
.0 1 3 9 6 4 0
.0 1 4 2 1 6 0
.0 1 4 3 8 5 0
.0 2 4 1 8 2 0
.0 0 9 3 4 5 0
.0 0 1 5 0 9 0
.0 2 7 8 6 1 0
.0 0 5 0 6 5 0
.0 4 7 4 7 8 0
.0 2 5 8 6 2 0
.0 0 8 9 1 3 0
.0 0 0 6 1 0 0
.0 2 5 7 0 9 0
.0 0 2 7 7 4 0
.0 1 7 8 1 5 0
.0 1 9 7 9 6 0
•C06685C
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL..............................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES . ...................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.........................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES..........................................
AMUSEMENTS.............................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS • •
.0 1 1 2 4 3 0
.0 0 2 1 1 7 0
.0 0 4 0 9 5 0
.0 0 0 1 1 7 0
.0 0 0 6 9 6 0
.0 0 0 0 4 7 0
.0 0 1 3 0 9 0
.0 0 9 9 5 8 0
.0 0 1 6 4 5 0
.0 1 3 3 0 0 0
.0 0 1 6 0 1 0
.0 0 0 0 4 0 0
.0 0 8 8 9 8 0
.0 0 1 2 9 6 0
.0 0 9 4 7 3 0
.0 0 1 0 5 7 0
.0 0 0 8 4 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 2 0
.0 0 1 2 5 8 0
.0 3 3 6 8 6 0
.0 0 1 3 7 0 0
.0 5 1 0 2 4 0
.0 0 1 4 1 7 0
.0012100
.0 0 3 7 3 5 0
.0 0 0 9 4 2 0
.0 1 5 9 7 2 0
.0 0 1 1 0 7 0
.0 0 1 0 4 1 0
•C 000220
.0 0 1 1 0 3 0
.0 0 9 0 7 3 0
.0 0 0 6 1 2 0
.0 2 4 9 8 6 0
.0 0 0 6 2 1 0
.0 0 1 6 4 5 0
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 0 1 0 3 1 0
.0 0 5 2 4 8 0
.0 0 0 6 5 1 0
.0 1 3 6 5 9 0
.0 0 0 5 9 6 0
.0 0 0 4 4 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 8 0
.0 0 1 0 7 6 0
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES..........................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES.....................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ..........................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS . . . .
OFFICE SUPPLIES .............................................................................
TOTAL4.......................................................................................................
.0 0 0 5 6 1 0
.0 0 0 1 8 9 0
.0 0 0 1 5 2 0
.0 0 6 5 0 7 0
.0 0 1 0 0 4 0
.5 9 3 1 4 9 0
.0 0 0 9 4 0 0
.0 0 0 1 6 6 0
.0 0 7 7 0 2 0
.0 0 1 2 0 6 0
.5 9 3 7 1 3 0
•0012000
.0001110
.0 9 9 4 6 5 0
.0 0 4 1 0 8 0
.0 0 0 5 8 9 0
.6 9 0 2 2 8 0
.0 0 0 7 4 8 0
.0 0 4 9 5 1 0
.0 0 0 8 0 2 0
.6 0 4 3 0 9 0
.0 0 2 1 1 5 0
.0 0 0 5 0 7 0
.0 4 7 2 3 0 0
.0 1 1 9 0 0 0
.0 0 4 3 4 3 0
.0 0 0 3 2 0 0
.0 2 1 8 8 1 0
.0 0 1 4 9 8 0
.0 0 0 1 1 5 0
.6 4 9 6 6 7 0
See foo tn o te s on p. 131.
1 08
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
* •
.0000100
.0011110
-
.0001010
.1 7 7 0 4 1 0
.0 2 6 2 6 3 0
.0 0 9 6 7 0 0
.0 3 4 4 0 4 0
.0 2 0 4 0 2 0
-
-
.0 0 1 2 2 9 0
_
.0000220
.0 0 0 9 9 3 0
-
.0 0 5 0 0 5 0
.0 2 1 4 2 2 0
-
.0001220
.0 0 1 8 4 8 0
-
.0 0 0 8 7 5 0
.0000010
.0 0 0 0 3 9 0
.0000010
.0011120
.0012210
.0 0 0 0 4 3 0
.0 0 1 3 0 7 0
.0 0 6 7 2 8 0
.0 0 0 1 5 8 0
.0 0 7 4 6 9 0
.0 1 6 9 5 5 0
.0 0 3 9 9 0 0
.5 6 5 4 3 6 0
-
.0000010
.0 0 9 5 7 3 0
.0 0 5 7 4 3 0
.0 0 2 4 8 1 0
.1 9 7 2 9 8 0
.0 4 0 2 9 4 0
.0011200
.6 7 6 5 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 3 4 2 4 6 0
•005444C
.0011110
.3 8 0 7 0 6 0
.0 3 2 2 2 8 0
•C00397C
-
T A B L E D -13 .
D IR E C T R EQ U IR EM EN TS PER D O L LA R O F GR O SS O UTPUT, 19 8 0 1— Continued
( P r o d ii c e r s v a lu e s - 19 5 8 d o lla r s ) 2
32
L e a th e r
ta n n in g
and
in d u s t r ia l
le a th e r
p ro d u c ts
33
l.
2.
3.
A.
5.
6.
7.
L IV E S T O C K AND L IV E S T O C K PRO DU CTS...................................................
O THER A G R IC U LT U R A L PRODUCTS ..............................................................
f o r e s t r y a n d f i s h e r y p r o d u c t s ........................................................
A G R IC U L T U R A L fF O R E S T R Y ANO F IS H E R Y S E R V I C E S .......................
IRO N AND FERR O A LLO Y O RES M IN IN G ..................................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES M IN IN G ..............................................................
COAL M IN IN G ........................................................................ . . . . . .
.0 0 0 6 6 5 0
.0 0 0 3 6 6 0
.0 0 0 0 7 0 0
.0 0 0 5 9 6 0
.0 0 0 0 8 8 0
.0 0 0 3 0 6 0
.0 0 0 1 4 3 0
• 0 0 0 110 0
_
.0 0 0 3 8 1 0
_
.0 0 0 9 1 7 0
.0 0 2 18 2 0
8.
9.
10 .
11.
12 .
13 .
14 .
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..................................................
STONE AND C L A Y M IN IN G ANO QUARRYING ........................................
C H EM IC A L AND F E R T I L I Z E R M IN ERAL M IN IN G ..................................
NEW C O N S T R U C T IO N ..............................................................................................
M AINTENANCE AND R E P A IR CO N STR U CTIO N .......................................
ORDNANCE AND A C C E S S O R IE S ........................................................................
FOOD AND K IN D R E D PROOUCTS ...................................................................
.0 0 0 5 4 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 2 5 3 0
.0 0 0 0 1 5 0
.0 2 0 0 5 7 0
_
.0 0 0 4 5 8 0
.0 0 0 3 7 2 0
.0 0 7 7 7 3 0
.4 3 4 6 1 2 0
• 0033290
.0 0 0 0 6 10
.0 0 13 8 2 0
.0 0 0 5 9 7 0
.0 0 0 8 8 2 0
.0 0 1 1 2 5 0
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 0 0 2 0 1 0
.0 0 0 8 2 2 0
.0 0 0 0 7 6 0
.0 0 0 0 5 4 0
.0 0 1 9 7 3 0
.0 0 0 12 2 0
-
.0 1 1 0 2 9 0
.0 0 0 2 8 9 0
. 0 0 0 4 18 C
“
15 .
16 .
17 .
18 .
19 .
20.
2 1.
TOBACCO M AN U FACTU RES. . . .
.............................................................
BROAD AND NARROW F A B R IC S » Y A R N AND THREAD M I L L S . . .
M IS C E LL A N E O U S T E X T IL E GOODS AND FLOOR C O V E R IN G S . .
A PPA R EL .....................................................................................................................
M IS CE LLA N E O U S F A B R IC A T E D T E X T I L E PRODUCTS .......................
LUMBER AND WOOD P R O D U C T S ,E X C E P T C O N T A IN E R S .......................
WOODEN CO N T A IN E R S .........................................................................................
_
.0 0 0 1 0 1 0
.0 0 0 3 2 2 0
.0 0 0 4 4 5 0
.0 0 0 9 7 5 0
-
.0 0 0 2 0 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 3 7 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 7 6 10
“
.0 0 0 0 0 2 0
• 0 0 0 15 10
.0 0 0 0 7 3 0
.0 0 0 1 2 10
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 1 2 3 2 8 0
.0 5 3 9 5 9 0
•0024660
.0 0 0 3 9 8 0
• 0 0 15 5 6 C
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 0 0 5 3 0
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 1 2 1 2 0
.0 0 0 7 9 3 0
.0 2 4 7 5 4 0
.0 1 3 4 4 5 0
.0 0 5 0 13 0
.0 0 0 3 8 8 0
.0 0 7 9 7 6 0
.0 0 0 1 3 4 0
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 1 0 8 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 3 0
.0 14 0 4 7 0
.0 0 2 3 0 3 0
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FU R N IT U R E ....................................................................................
OTHER FU R N IT U R E AND F I X T U R E S .............................................................
PAPER AND A L L IE D PR O D U CT S, E X C E P T C O N T A IN E R S . . . .
PAPERBOARD CO N T A IN E R S AND BOXES ...................................................
P R IN T IN G AND P U B L IS H IN G ........................................................................
C H EM IC A LS AND S E L E C T E D CH EM ICAL PRO D U CTS.............................
P L A S T IC S AND S Y N T H E T IC M A T E R IA L S ..................................................
_
.0 0 6 6 8 3 0
.0 2 7 1 0 7 0
.0 0 4 11 2 0
.1 1 2 7 7 1 0
.0 0 3 2 2 1 0
.0 0 7 4 8 0 0
.0 1 0 8 5 9 0
.0 0 2 4 2 6 0
.1 3 11 4 4 0
.2 9 19 6 2 0
_
.0 0 3 1 7 9 0
.0 0 1 8 0 5 0
• 0000390
• 0340090
.0 0 0 8 2 9 0
.0 0 0 0 6 2 0
.0 0 0 1 0 5 0
.0 0 4 1 4 8 0
.0 0 7 3 8 4 0
.0 0 3 2 0 1 0
.0 3 3 8 4 3 0
.1 7 1 6 1 7 0
_
.0 0 2 5 8 3 0
.0 0 1 2 7 5 0
.0 0 1 6 8 3 0
.0 6 10 8 7 0
.0 1 7 7 7 6 0
.0 0 0 2 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 0 8 2 3 6 0
.0 1 1 9 6 5 0
.0 0 5 3 3 5 0
.0 0 0 3 17 0
.0 4 7 5 5 3 0
.0 0 1 8 4 4 0
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 2 1 1 3 0
.0 8 1 7 7 4 0
.0 0 14 8 2 0
.0 3 3 7 3 3 0
-
29.
30.
3 1.
32.
33.
34.
35.
D R U G S ,C L E A N IN G ANO T O IL E T P R E P A R A T IO N S ..................................
P A IN T S AND A L L IE D PRO D U CTS...................................................................
PETROLEUM R E F IN IN G AND R ELA TE D IN D U S T R IE S .......................
RUBBER AND M IS CE LLA N E O U S P L A S T IC S P RO D U CTS.......................
LEA T H E R TAN N IN G AND IN D U S T R IA L LEA TH ER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER L EA T H E R PRODUCTS ........................................
G L A S S AND G LA SS P RO D U CTS........................................................................
.0 6 6 0 8 7 0
.0 0 2 1 4 0 0
.0 0 7 9 1 1 0
.0 2 8 5 3 3 0
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 13 7 8 6 0
.0 11 6 4 4 0
.0 0 1 6 4 3 0
.0 0 8 9 6 1 0
.0 0 3 0 18 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
-
• 0029370
.0 0 0 3 4 7 0
.0 5 7 9 3 0 0
.0 0 1 1 4 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 1 2 6 0
.0 0 0 9 9 2 0
.0 0 0 1 9 2 0
.0 0 2 4 1 8 0
.0 3 1 5 4 2 0
.0 0 0 5 10 0
.0 0 0 9 6 1 0
.0 1 2 9 6 2 0
.0 2 3 3 4 2 0
.0 0 0 0 2 1 0
.0 0 3 4 1 0 0
.0 0 8 0 7 9 0
.0 8 4 3 6 4 0
.0 0 1 5 4 6 0
.0 0 0 0 3 3 0
.0 0 0 3 5 0 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 0 2 9 9 0
.0 7 4 4 5 9 0
.1 3 4 7 2 1 0
.0 6 8 5 5 1 0
.0 0 0 0 7 9 0
.0 0 15 6 6 0
.0 0 0 0 4 6 0
.0 0 2 2 8 4 0
.0 0 3 7 5 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 4 0 4 4 0 0
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
4 1.
42.
STONE AND C L A Y PRODUCTS ........................................................................
PRIM ARY IRO N AND S T E E L M AN U FACTU RING........................................
PRIM AR Y NONFERROUS METALS M ANUFACTURING ............................
METAL C O N T A IN E R S ........................................................................
H E A T IN G ,P L U M B IN G AND STRU CTU RAL METAL P R O D U CT S. . .
ST A M P IN G S ,SCR E W M ACHINE PRODUCTS AND B O L T S .......................
OTHER F A B R IC A T E D METAL PRODUCTS ..................................................
.0 0 17 9 10
.0 0 0 1 1 7 0
.0 0 0 1 4 7 0
.0 14 14 5 0
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 2 7 6 2 0
.0 0 8 5 7 3 0
.0 0 9 8 1 10
.0 0 5 5 6 5 0
.0 0 0 3 1 6 0
.0 4 1 1 4 2 0
.0 0 0 5 4 0 0
.0 0 0 3 9 3 0
.0 0 13 7 2 0
.0 0 19 0 5 0
.0 0 0 0 16 0
.0 0 0 1 0 3 0
.0 0 1 0 9 7 0
.0 0 0 1 2 8 0
.0 0 0 0 9 8 0
.0 1 0 3 3 1 0
• 00 44 5C C
.0 0 2 0 6 4 0
.0 0 2 9 6 4 0
.0 0 0 4 4 7 0
.0 0 2 8 7 6 0
.0 1 1 2 1 3 0
.0 0 8 0 3 7 0
.0 0 0 1 7 1 0
.0 0 0 5 8 3 0
.0 0 1 3 2 9 0
.0 0 2 2 2 7 0
.0 0 0 3 7 9 0
.0 0 0 1 18 0
.0 0 0 4 6 4 0
.0 0 7 3 19 0
.0 2 7 6 2 7 0
.0 0 2 0 9 2 0
.0 0 0 4 0 5 0
.0 0 3 8 6 0 0
.0 0 3 8 1 2 0
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
E N G IN E S AND T U R B IN E S .................................................. .................................
FARM M ACHINERY AND EQ U IP M E N T .................................................. ..... .
C O N S T R U C T IO N ,M IN IN G AND G I L F I E L D M ACHINERY . . . .
M A T E R IA LS H AN DLIN G M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M EN T.......................
METALW ORKING M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M EN T.......................................
S P E C IA L IN D U STR Y M ACHINERY AND EQ U IP M EN T.............................
GENERAL IN D U S T R IA L M ACHINERY ANO EQ U IP M E N T .......................
.0 0 0 1 18 0
.0 0 12 0 2 0
.0 0 0 0 5 0 0
.0 0 0 1 11 0
.0 0 0 1 0 0 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 0 1 7 8 0
.0 0 0 1 3 8 0
.0 0 0 0 7 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 0 12 0
.0 0 0 0 1 1 0
.0 0 0 0 2 5 0
.0 0 0 6 0 8 0
.0 0 14 2 9 0
.0 0 0 9 1 7 0
_
.0 0 0 5 8 0 0
.0 0 0 2 2 7 0
.0 0 0 0 5 4 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 0 0 0 8 6 0
.0 0 0 0 1 0 0
.0 0 0 1 1 3 0
.0 0 0 1 7 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 1 4 1 7 0
.0 0 1 4 0 0 0
50.
5 1.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
M ACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ..............................................................................
O F F IC E ,C O M P U T IN G AND ACCO U NTING M A C H IN E S............................
S E R V IC E IN D U STR Y M ACHINES ...................................................................
E L E C T R IC IN D U S T R IA L EQUIPM ENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD A P P L IA N C E S ....................................................................................
E L E C T R IC L IG H T IN G AND W IR IN G E Q U IP M EN T..................................
R A D IO ,T E L E V IS IO N AND COMM UNICATION E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
.0 0 0 0 2 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 9 0
.0 0 0 2 3 9 0
.0 0 0 0 4 2 0
.0 0 0 2 0 4 0
.0 0 0 0 4 2 0
.0 0 0 12 7 0
-
.0 0 0 0 2 8 0
-
.0 0 0 1 8 9 0
-
.0 0 0 1 2 7 0
-
.0 0 0 0 2 5 0
.0 0 0 1 7 4 0
.0 0 0 17 6 0
.0 0 0 0 2 8 0
.0 0 0 3 3 5 0
.0 0 3 9 4 0 0
. 00C023C
.0 0 0 5 4 8 0
.0 0 0 6 0 2 0
.0 0 16 6 5 0
. 000862C
.0 0 0 5 12 0
.0 0 0 8 2 8 0
-
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.C 0 C 7 3 3 0
-
.0 0 0 7 6 2 0
.0 0 0 2 0 3 0
.0 0 0 6 6 3 0
.0 0 0 5 0 4 0
.0 0 2 6 0 0 0
-
57.
58.
59.
60.
6 1.
62.
63.
E L E C T R O N IC COMPONENTS AND A C C E S S O R IE S ..................................
M IS CE LLA N E O U S E L E C T R IC A L M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . .
MOTOR V E H IC L E S AND E Q U IP M E N T .............................................................
A IR C R A F T AND P A R T S .........................................................................................
OTHER TRAN SPO R TA TIO N EQ U IP M EN T........................................................
S C I E N T I F I C AND C O N T R O LLIN G IN S TR U M E N T S..................................
O P T IC A L ,O P T H A L M IC AND PHO TO GR APHIC E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
_
.0 0 0 0 3 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 2 0
.0 0 4 3 7 7 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
_
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 0 0 1 4 9 0
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
_
.0 0 0 0 2 0 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 0 0 6 8 0
.0 0 0 0 1 5 0
.0 0 0 4 3 2 0
.0 0 0 1 6 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 0 2 4 6 9 0
.0 0 0 2 4 0 0
.0 0 2 0 0 0 0
.0 0 0 2 9 2 0
_
.0 0 0 0 1 0 0
• 0 C 00540
.0 0 0 3 2 8 0
.0 0 0 0 6 9 0
.0 0 0 8 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 0 0 0 3 5 0
.0 0 0 0 7 4 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 0 18 5 8 0
.0 0 13 2 4 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 10 5 0 0
.0 0 11 7 5 0
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
M IS C E LL A N E O U S M ANUFACTURING ..............................................................
TRA N SPO R TA TIO N AND W AREHOUSING........................................................
C O M M U N IC A T IO N S,E X C E P T B R O A D C A ST IN G .............................................
R A D IO AND T E L E V IS IO N B RO AD CASTIN G .............................................
E L E C T R IC ,G A S ,W A T E R AND SA N IT A R Y S E R V I C E S .............................
WHOLESALE AND R E T A IL T R A D E ...................................................................
F IN A N C E AND IN SU R A N CE ..............................................................................
.0 0 0 8 2 2 0
.0 1 6 1 4 8 0
.0 0 2 3 4 1 0
.0 0 5 7 5 1 0
.0 2 4 6 4 4 0
.0 0 7 6 0 8 0
.0 0 0 7 3 9 0
.0 2 7 7 7 5 0
.0 0 5 2 8 2 0
.0 0 6 4 0 9 0
.0 4 2 7 9 5 0
.0 0 7 3 3 4 0
.0 0 0 4 0 3 0
.0 4 0 2 6 3 0
.0 0 1 4 6 7 0
.0 1 8 6 7 4 0
.0 10 2 2 4 0
.0 0 5 0 4 7 0
.0 0 4 7 1 6 0
.0 1 8 6 4 8 0
.0 0 3 4 3 9 0
.0 2 1 6 1 5 0
.0 3 5 6 6 7 0
.0 0 5 6 5 5 0
.0 0 0 5 4 2 0
.0 1 9 9 5 8 0
.0 0 2 8 5 3 0
.0 0 8 14 3 0
.0 2 8 5 1 9 0
.0 0 7 2 1 4 0
.0 0 3 7 2 4 0
.0 0 9 7 7 2 0
.0 0 3 9 8 2 0
.0 0 3 9 3 7 0
.0 2 5 2 6 4 0
.0 0 6 9 0 8 0
.0 0 0 8 8 4 0
.0 2 1 5 0 1 0
.0 0 3 7 4 2 0
.0 4 8 1 7 1 0
.0 3 5 0 5 9 0
.0 0 9 19 6 0
7 1.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
R EA L E S T A T E AND R E N T A L ..............................................................................
H O T E L S ,P E R S O N A L AND R E P A IR S E R V IC E S ,E X C E P T AUTO . .
B U S IN E S S S E R V IC E S .........................................................................................
R ESEA R CH AND D EVELO PM EN T........................................................................
AUTOMOBILE R E P A IR AND S E R V IC E S ........................................................
AMUSEMENTS...............................................................................................................
M E D IC A L ,E D U C A T IO N A L AND N O N PR O FIT O R G A N IZA T IO N S . .
.0 0 7 7 4 7 0
.0 0 0 5 0 4 0
.1 2 8 0 9 2 0
.0 0 5 3 5 7 0
.0 0 0 7 1 0 0
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 0 1 1 4 2 0
.0 11 13 0 0
.0 0 0 5 7 8 0
.0 2 8 4 9 6 0
.0 0 8 3 3 9 0
.0 0 2 9 9 5 0
.0 0 0 0 2 0 0
.0 0 1 2 0 0 0
.0 0 8 8 6 1 0
.0 4 5 6 7 3 0
.0 0 0 7 3 9 0
.0 0 1 8 7 8 0
.0 0 1 0 7 7 0
.0 0 9 2 2 10
.0 0 13 0 2 0
.0 3 3 5 9 0 0
.0 0 0 8 4 2 0
.0 0 0 3 110
.0 0 0 0 3 2 0
.0 0 1 2 4 3 0
.0 0 2 4 6 8 0
.0 0 1 0 9 9 0
.0 0 7 4 1 2 0
.0 0 1 0 9 5 0
.0 0 15 0 0 0
.0 0 0 0 2 4 0
.0 0 1 0 6 5 0
.0 0 8 1 6 9 0
.0 0 2 7 9 6 0
.0 3 8 6 9 4 0
.0 0 1 2 9 0 0
.0 0 0 4 0 4 0
.0 0 0 0 6 0 0
.0 0 1 3 3 7 0
.0 0 6 5 5 6 0
.0 0 1 6 9 0 0
.0 2 9 1 0 8 0
.0 0 1 0 6 7 0
.0 0 14 16 0
.0 0 0 0 3 9 0
.0 0 1 2 4 7 0
78.
79.
80.
8 1.
82.
FE D E R A L GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S ........................................................
ST A T E AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S ..................................
GROSS IM PO RTS OF GOODS AND S E R V IC E S .......................................
B U S IN E S S T R A V E L ,E N T E R T A IN M E N T ANO G I F T S ............................
O F F IC E S U P P L IE S ..............................................................................................
T O T A L 4 ..........................................................................................................................
.0 0 2 0 2 6 0
.0 0 0 2 2 7 0
.0 1 5 3 7 7 0
.0 0 5 2 6 6 0
.0 0 0 5 8 6 0
.5 5 5 2 1 4 0
.0 0 2 18 0 0
.0 0 0 2 3 5 0
.0 0 2 9 4 6 0
.0 0 9 4 4 1 0
.0 0 11 9 8 0
.6 9 8 6 5 6 0
.0 0 1 6 8 1 0
.0 0 0 3 7 4 0
.0 3 5 3 6 7 0
.0 0 1 2 7 8 0
.0 0 0 3 6 2 0
.7 3 0 8 8 1 0
.0 0 0 8 0 4 0
.0 0 0 2 8 10
.0 2 7 5 7 7 0
.0 0 6 5 9 3 0
.0 0 0 9 5 1 0
.5 5 6 9 3 6 0
.0 0 4 2 16 0
.0 0 0 3 2 0 0
.1 5 2 2 6 6 0
.0 0 2 3 8 4 0
.0 0 0 4 0 6 0
.4 6 7 7 4 5 0
.0 0 2 0 7 9 0
.0 0 0 0 8 5 0
.0 3 6 5 2 5 0
.0 0 5 0 11 0
.0 0 12 1 8 0
.5 7 11 0 5 0
.0 0 2 4 0 8 0
.0 0 0 4 0 3 0
.0 3 0 6 9 0 0
.0 0 6 7 9 4 0
.0 0 0 9 7 10
.4 4 8 3 9 7 0
In d u s t r y n u m b e r an d t it le 3
D ru g s,
c le a n in g ,
an d to ile t
p re p a ra
tio n s
P a in t s and
a llie d
p ro d u c ts
P e t r o le u m
r e f in in g
and r e la t e d
in d u s t r ie s
R u b b e r and
m is c e lla
n eo u s
p l a s t ic s
p ro d u c ts
29
30
31
-
_
-
_
-
-
F o o tw e a r
an d o th e r
le a th e r
p ro d u c ts
G l a s s and
g la s s
p ro d u c ts
34
35
_
-
-
_
.0 0 0 0 4 2 0
.0 0 13 2 2 0
See fo o tno te s on p . 1 3 1 .
109
T A B L E D -13 .
D IR E C T R EQ U IR EM EN TS PER D O L LA R O F GR O SS OUTPUT, 19 8 0 1— Continued
( P r o d u c e r s v a lu e s - 19 5 8 do 11a r s ) 2
In d u s t r y n u m b e r an d t it le 3
1 . L IV E S T O C K AND L IV E S T O C K PRO D U CTS........................................
2 . OTHER A G R IC U LT U R A L PRO DUCTS ...................................................
3 . FO R E S T R Y AND F IS H E R Y PRODUCTS .............................................
4 . A G R IC U L T U R A L fF O R E S T R Y AND F IS H E R Y S E R V I C E S . . . .
5 . IRO N AND FE R R O A LLO Y ORES M IN IN G .......................................
6 . NONFERROUS METAL ORES M IN IN G ..................................................
7 . COAL M IN IN G ...............................................................................................
Stone and
c la y
p ro d u c ts
P r im a r y
ir o n and
s te e l
m an u fac
tu r in g
P r im a r y
n o n fe r ro u s
m e t a ls
m anufac tu r in g
M e ta l
c o n t a in e r s
36
37
38
39
_
_
.0 0 0 5 0 5 0
-
-
_
H e a tin g ,
p lu m b in g
and
stru ctu ra l
m e tal
p ro d u c ts
40
-
_
-
-
-
S t a m p in g s ,
screw
m a c h in e
p ro d u c ts
an d b o lts
O th e r
f a b r ic a t e d
m etal
p ro d u c ts
41
42
_
_
-
-
.0 0 1 1 6 1 0
.0 0 0 5 18 0
.0 0 2 0 0 5 0
.0 4 6 8 0 6 0
• 0 C 034 40
.0 10 9 8 10
.0 0 2 16 1 0
.0 5 5 8 7 1 0
.0 0 0 9 5 5 0
8 . CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .......................................
9 . STONE AND C L A Y M IN IN G AND Q UARRYING .............................
1 0 . CH EM IC A L AND F E R T I L I Z E R M IN ERAL M IN IN G .......................
1 1 . NEW C O N S T R U C T IO N ....................................................................................
1 2 . M AINTENANCE AND R E P A IR CO N STR U CTIO N .............................
1 3 . ORDNANCE ANO A C C E S S O R IE S .............................................................
1 4 . FOOD AND K IN D R E D PRODUCTS ........................................................
_
.0 6 4 3 7 3 0
.0 0 2 9 7 2 0
.0 0 0 4 4 3 0
.0 0 0 7 9 9 0
_
.0 0 2 9 8 1 0
.0 0 0 3 7 5 0
.0 0 6 2 0 9 0
.0 0 0 0 5 6 0
.0 0 0 3 3 2 0
.0 0 0 4 4 3 0
.0 0 0 1 8 8 0
.0 0 3 5 5 9 0
.0 0 0 1 5 4 0
.0 0 0 0 6 2 0
.0 0 2 4 8 6 0
-
1 5 . TOBACCO M ANUFACTURES.........................................................................
.
1 6 . BROAD AND NARROW F A B R IC S » Y A R N ANO THREAD M I L L S .
1 7 . M IS C E LL A N E O U S T E X T I L E GOODS AND FLOOR CO V E R IN G S • .
1 8 . A P PA R EL .................................................................................................... .
1 9 . M IS C E LLA N E O U S F A B R IC A T E D T E X T I L E PRODUCTS . . .
2 0 . LUMBER AND WOOD P RO D U CTS, E X C EP T C O N T A IN E R S . . .
2 1 . WOODEN C O N T A IN E R S ..............................................................................
_
.0 0 0 0 4 6 0
.0 0 0 6 8 4 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
.0 0 0 9 3 2 0
.0 0 0 0 7 1 0
.0 0 15 13 0
.0 0 0 5 4 4 0
.0 0 0 4 7 9 0
.0 0 0 1 7 9 0
.0 0 10 3 4 0
-
.0 0 0 3 8 7 0
• 0 0 0 2 1C C
_
_
_
.0 0 17 6 5 0
.0 0 0 2 2 10
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 0 3 9 0 0
.0 0 16 3 0 0
.0 0 0 6 3 4 0
.0 0 0 2 3 9 0
.0 0 0 0 4 1 0
.0 0 0 8 2 4 0
.0 0 0 2 8 0 0
.0 0 2 2 2 8 0
.0 0 0 4 4 2 0
.0 0 0 0 7 9 0
.0 0 0 1 1 2 0
.0 0 0 9 6 5 0
.0 0 0 1 2 0 0
.0 0 4 7 8 8 0
.0 0 0 2 0 7 0
.0 0 0 8 0 5 0
.0 0 11 2 5 0
.0 0 0 9 2 3 0
.0 0 0 0 16 0
.0 0 7 3 4 3 0
.0 0 0 3 4 0 0
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FU R N IT U R E .........................................................................
OTHER F U R N IT U R E AND F I X T U R E S ..................................................
P A PER AND A L L IE D P R O D U CT S* EX CE P T C O N T A IN E R S . .
PAPERBOARD CO N T A IN E R S AND BOXES .......................................
P R IN T IN G AND P U B L IS H IN G .............................................................
C H E M IC A LS AND S E L E C T E D CH EM ICA L P R O D U CT S. . . .
P L A S T IC S AND S Y N T H E T IC M A T E R IA L S .......................................
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 16 0 0 5 0
.0 0 8 9 9 6 0
.0 0 2 0 3 2 0
.0 2 6 4 5 2 0
.0 1 0 8 0 2 0
.0 0 0 0 6 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 2 0
.0 0 2 3 8 3 0
.0 0 0 7 5 9 0
.0 0 1 4 3 8 0
.0 1 8 8 1 2 0
.0 0 116 8 0
_
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 0 2 7 6 6 0
.0 0 0 7 0 6 0
.0 0 0 9 2 0 0
.0 1 4 9 7 4 0
.0 1 6 9 7 6 0
.0 0 0 0 15 0
.0 0 3 7 7 4 0
• 0 10 9 9 3 C
.0 0 3 0 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 19 0
.0 0 4 8 4 7 0
.0 0 0 8 2 5 0
.0 0 11 6 2 0
.0 0 1 8 2 1 0
.0 0 3 9 4 2 0
.0 0 0 5 3 6 0
.0 0 2 5 0 7 0
.0 0 0 4 8 5 0
.0 0 0 2 2 2 0
.0 0 0 0 9 6 0
.0 0 4 4 1 1 0
.0 0 9 1 2 2 0
.0 0 1 4 3 1 0
.0 0 3 2 6 9 0
.0 0 3 9 4 9 0
.0 0 0 9 8 3 0
.0 0 0 6 9 8 0
.0 0 3 6 7 5 0
.0 0 5 1 12 0
.0 0 2 4 5 0 0
.0 0 9 5 0 9 0
.0 0 0 8 9 6 0
29.
30.
3 1.
32.
33.
34.
35.
D R U G S* C LE A N IN G AND T O IL E T P R E P A R A T IO N S .......................
P A IN T S AND A L L IE D P RO D U CTS........................................................
PETROLEUM R E F IN IN G AND R ELA TE D IN D U S T R IE S . . .
RUBBER ANO M IS C E LL A N E O U S P L A S T IC S P R O D U C T S. . .
L EA T H E R TANNIN G AND IN D U S T R IA L LEA TH ER PRODUCTS .
FOOTWEAR ANO OTHER LEA T H E R PRODUCTS .............................
G L A S S AND G L A SS P R O D U CT S. . . . .
..................................
.0 0 6 3 7 8 0
.0 0 1 1 7 9 0
.0 0 8 2 5 9 0
.0 1 0 1 6 5 0
.0 0 0 0 6 2 0
.0 0 0 0 3 3 0
.0 0 0 7 5 3 0
.0 0 1 8 8 4 0
.0 0 0 7 8 8 0
.0 0 4 6 1 4 0
.0 0 3 0 8 1 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 5 7 0
.0 0 10 4 9 0
.0 0 0 7 7 1 0
.0 0 4 1 6 3 0
.0 0 16 7 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 3 0 0
.0 0 2 5 1 3 0
.0 0 8 7 5 3 0
.0 0 16 14 0
.0 2 2 0 8 5 0
•OO026C0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 2 1 0
.0 0 0 2 8 0 0
.0 0 2 7 9 3 0
.0 0 3 1 4 7 0
.0 0 2 0 7 8 0
.0 0 0 0 8 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 5 4 8 9 0
.0 0 0 6 9 3 0
.0 0 5 1 4 5 0
.0 0 6 2 3 6 0
.0 0 9 16 2 0
.0 0 0 0 8 1 0
.0 0 0 2 3 5 0
.0 0 0 9 8 8 0
.0 0 0 3 2 5 0
.0 0 1 6 1 1 0
.0 0 4 2 7 3 0
.0 11 7 9 0 0
.0 0 0 0 6 4 0
.0 0 0 0 6 9 0
.0 0 0 2 4 1 0
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
4 1.
42.
STONE AND C LA Y PRODUCTS .............................................................
PRIM ARY IRO N AND S T E E L M AN U FACTU RING.............................
PRIM A R Y NONFERROUS M ETALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL C O N T A IN E R S ...................................................................................
H E A T IN G * P L U M B IN G AND STRU CTU RAL METAL P R O D U C T S. .
STA M PIN GS* SCREW M ACHINE PRODUCTS AND B O L T S . . .
OTHER F A B R IC A T E D METAL PRODUCTS .......................................
.1 4 7 3 8 6 0
.0 0 2 7 0 0 0
.0 0 18 7 8 0
.0 0 0 6 5 4 0
.0 0 1 2 6 6 0
.0 11 5 9 5 0
.0 0 8 5 3 10
.2 1 5 3 3 3 0
.0 1 8 8 4 3 0
.0 0 2 4 0 2 0
.0 0 5 3 7 9 0
.0 1 6 4 4 0 0
.0 0 4 7 2 3 0
.0 1 1 8 2 4 0
.2 7 13 5 1 0
.0 0 0 3 0 3 0
.0 0 8 13 7 0
.0 1 0 6 5 8 0
.0 0 1 9 6 3 0
.2 6 0 3 7 1 0
.1 2 7 1 9 4 0
.0 0 6 4 9 5 0
.0 0 4 8 2 8 0
• 0 115 2 2 C
.0 0 3 9 2 8 0
.0 0 6 18 7 0
.15 5 4 6 8 0
.0 8 8 3 6 1 0
.0 0 0 3 9 6 0
.0 2 2 8 5 9 0
.0 0 7 3 0 3 0
.0 2 9 8 9 8 0
.0 0 7 6 4 5 0
.1 4 3 5 3 2 0
.0 5 0 8 7 1 0
.0 0 3 3 9 6 0
.0 0 7 9 5 1 0
.0 1 8 5 9 3 0
.0 3 1 8 9 5 0
.0 0 6 7 3 0 0
.1 3 2 9 1 8 0
.0 7 9 4 9 7 0
. C00682C
.0 0 8 5 3 5 0
.0 1 8 0 0 7 0
.0 4 1 3 13 0
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
E N G IN E S AND T U R B IN E S ........................................................................
FARM M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T ..................................................
C O N S T R U C T IO N ,M IN IN G AND O IL F I E L D M ACHINERY . . • .
M A T E R IA L S HA N D LIN G M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . .
METALW ORKING M ACHINERY AND EQ U IP M EN T.............................
S P E C IA L IN D U STR Y M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
GEN ER AL IN D U S T R IA L M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . .
_
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.0 0 0 0 5 9 0
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 0 1 1 8 6 0
.0 0 0 7 0 7 0
.0 0 0 3 5 2 0
.0 0 0 1 1 2 0
.0 0 11 13 0
.0 0 0 6 5 4 0
.0 0 0 1 4 10
.0 0 5 6 4 5 0
.0 0 10 6 7 0
.0 0 3 6 3 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 0 0 2 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 1 1 9 0
.0 0 6 4 0 3 0
.0 0 0 1 7 7 0
.0 0 3 9 1 0 0
.0 0 0 0 4 1 0
.0 1 0 8 7 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 0 7 0 8 3 0
.0 0 3 7 3 0 0
.0 0 1 4 4 9 0
.0 0 2 7 16 0
.0 0 1 1 7 8 0
.0 0 4 8 2 3 0
.0 0 2 5 5 10
.0 1 1 9 5 0 0
.0 0 1 1 9 6 0
.0 0 0 8 9 1 0
.0 0 0 2 4 5 0
.0 0 0 3 1 7 0
.0 0 9 9 9 5 0
•C 0 C 4 5 10
.0 0 0 7 1 8 0
.0 0 0 9 7 7 0
.0 0 0 8 2 1 0
.0 0 2 5 6 3 0
.0 0 11 7 3 0
.0 2 2 4 2 7 0
.0 0 2 1 3 2 0
.0 0 8 2 4 8 0
50.
5 1.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
M ACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ...................................................................
O F F IC E ,C O M P U T IN G AND ACCO U NTING M A C H IN E S . . . .
S E R V IC E IN D U STR Y M ACHINES ........................................................
E L E C T R IC IN D U S T R IA L EQUIPM ENT ANO APPARATU S . . . .
HOUSEHOLD A P P L IA N C E S .........................................................................
E L E C T R IC L IG H T IN G AND W IR IN G E Q U IP M EN T .......................
R A D I O ,T E L E V I S I O N AND COMM UNICATION E Q U IP M E N T . . • •
.0 0 0 6 7 3 0
.0 0 0 0 6 8 0
.0 0 0 8 7 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 3 7 0 0 0
.0 0 0 0 2 7 0
.0 1 0 5 8 3 0
.0 0 0 1 6 0 0
.0 0 0 0 7 8 0
.0 0 4 3 2 1 0
.0 0 0 1 6 10
.0 0 0 5 19 0
.0 0 0 0 1 1 0
.0 0 5 0 0 1 0
.0 0 0 2 1 3 0
.0 0 5 4 7 8 0
.0 0 0 5 4 7 0
.0 0 5 8 5 0 0
.0 0 1 1 1 8 0
.0 0 7 0 3 8 0
• 0 0 10 6 5 C
.0 0 3 3 8 9 0
.0 0 0 4 3 9 0
“
.0 0 6 1 0 6 0
.0 0 0 9 1 0 0
.0 0 8 8 1 4 0
.0 1 1 7 5 7 0
.0 1 3 8 2 4 0
.0 0 2 1 5 4 0
.0 0 0 1 2 1 0
.0 0 5 4 9 6 0
.0 0 1 8 0 5 0
.0 0 18 5 4 0
.0 0 4 2 8 3 0
.0 0 4 7 6 2 0
.0 0 4 14 3 0
.0 0 0 2 6 0 0
.0 0 4 2 5 10
.0 0 0 4 3 7 0
.0 0 13 4 3 0
.0 0 3 8 2 9 0
.0 0 2 6 2 6 0
.0 0 2 3 7 6 0
.0 0 0 4 3 3 0
57.
58.
59.
60.
6 1.
62.
63.
E L E C T R O N IC COMPONENTS AND A C C E S S O R IE S .......................
.
M IS C E LL A N E O U S E L E C T R IC A L M ACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
MOTOR V E H IC L E S AND EQ U IP M E N T ..................................................
A IR C R A F T AND P A R T S .................................................. ...........................
OTHER TRA N SPO R TA TIO N EQ U IPM EN T.............................................
S C I E N T I F I C AND C O N T R O L LIN G IN S TR U M E N T S.......................
O P T IC A L * O P T h A LM IC AND PHO TO GRAPHIC E Q U IP M E N T . . • •
.0 0 0 3 4 10
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 0 1 9 9 0
.0 0 0 1 2 8 0
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 0 18 2 2 0
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 0 6 4 5 0
.0 0 0 3 1 6 0
.0 0 0 0 7 0 0
.0 0 0 2 9 7 0
.0 0 5 9 2 6 0
.0 0 14 5 5 0
.0 0 0 0 2 2 0
.0 0 0 4 7 7 0
.0 0 0 4 8 5 0
.0 0 0 0 4 9 0
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 0 0 0 1 C C
.0 0 0 0 19 0
.0 0 3 3 2 4 0
.0 0 0 2 1 1 0
.0 0 0 0 5 4 0
.0 0 3 1 0 0 0
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 4 0 6 5 0
.0 0 14 8 3 0
.0 0 5 7 6 2 0
.0 1 1 5 8 7 0
.0 0 0 12 9 0
.0 0 13 3 5 0
.0 0 0 3 0 0 0
.0 2 6 7 9 9 0
.0 0 15 3 0 0
.0 0 0 2 18 0
.0 0 2 0 1 3 0
.0 0 0 4 7 2 0
.0 0 0 1 0 8 0
.0 0 0 3 3 4 0
.0 0 4 7 7 2 0
.0 0 0 7 3 7 0
.0 0 0 6 0 4 0
.0 0 4 2 6 6 0
.0 0 0 1 4 1 0
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
M IS C E LLA N E O U S M ANUFACTURING ..................................................
T R A N SPO R TA TIO N AND W AREHOUSING.............................................
CO M M U N ICA TIO N S*EX CEPT B R O A D C A ST IN G ..................................
R A D IO AND T E L E V IS IO N B RO AD CASTIN G ..................................
E L E C T R IC ,G A S * W A T E R AND SA N ITA R Y S E R V I C E S . . . .
WHOLESALE AND R E T A IL T R A D E ........................................................
F IN A N C E AND IN SUR ANCE ...................................................................
.0 0 2 5 1 0 0
.0 4 2 5 3 6 0
.0 0 4 1 2 8 0
.0 5 7 5 0 3 0
.0 3 1 3 3 4 0
.0 0 9 4 6 6 0
.0 0 0 5 9 8 0
.0 4 0 4 9 3 0
.0 0 4 7 2 5 0
.0 6 4 3 8 3 0
.0 2 9 9 2 7 0
.0 0 6 9 8 9 0
.0 0 14 2 8 0
.0 18 4 9 10
.0 0 3 6 0 0 0
.0 2 8 7 11 0
.0 2 7 9 7 0 0
.0 0 6 9 2 7 0
.0 0 0 7 4 7 0
.0 1 9 0 9 9 0
.0 0 1 2 9 4 0
.0 1 2 5 5 7 0
.0 3 3 5 5 4 0
.0 0 5 9 8 8 0
.0 0 0 9 5 6 0
.0 15 2 2 1 0
.0 0 4 7 15 0
.0 13 3 8 0 0
.0 3 6 9 7 5 0
.0 0 7 6 9 5 0
.0 0 5 1 7 9 0
.0 1 3 3 4 9 0
.0 0 3 1 3 2 0
.0 1 8 7 0 0 0
.0 3 0 0 3 4 0
.0 0 7 6 2 4 0
.0 0 3 0 8 6 0
.0 11 7 5 9 0
.0 0 3 3 7 3 0
.0 1 6 4 7 1 0
.0 3 5 2 8 0 0
.0 0 6 3 1 8 0
7 1.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
R EA L E S T A T E AND R E N T A L ...................................................................
H O T E L S ,P E R S O N A L AND R E P A IR S E R V IC E S ,E X C E P T AUTO . .
B U S IN E S S S E R V IC E S ..............................................................................
R ES EA R CH AND D EVELO PM EN T.............................................................
AUTOM OBILE R E P A IR AND S E R V IC E S .............................................
AMUSEMENTS....................................................................................................
M E D IC A L ,E D U C A T IO N A L AND NO N PR O FIT O R G A N IZA T IO N S • •
.0 0 7 2 6 2 0
.0 0 1 4 0 1 0
.0 1 6 5 4 1 0
.0 0 11 5 4 0
.0 0 2 4 1 8 0
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 0 12 3 0 0
.0 0 3 4 2 8 0
. 0 G 10 6 9 0
.0 13 9 0 5 0
.0 0 0 7 4 2 0
.0 0 0 3 0 5 0
. CC00260
.0 0 1 1 7 6 0
.0 0 3 6 5 2 0
.0 0 0 7 4 5 0
.0 0 9 2 8 4 0
.0 0 0 7 8 1 0
.0 0 0 8 3 4 0
.0 0 0 0 19 0
.0 0 11 0 4 0
.0 0 3 8 17 0
.0 0 0 8 6 1 0
.0 1 2 2 8 2 0
.0 0 10 3 3 0
.0 0 4 7 3 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 9 0
.0 0 1 2 1 6 0
.0 0 5 7 0 2 0
.0 0 1 2 4 1 0
.0 1 6 6 0 8 0
.0 0 1 1 3 6 0
.0 0 3 5 9 5 0
.0 0 0 0 3 2 0
.0 0 1 1 8 5 0
.0 0 7 6 7 5 0
.0 0 1 4 5 5 0
.0 1 5 1 6 6 0
.0 0 1 0 8 9 0
.0 0 0 9 8 3 0
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 1 1 6 7 0
.0 0 4 8 7 2 0
.0 0 1 3 9 4 0
.0 2 0 8 7 9 0
.0 0 11 13 0
.0 0 14 5 7 0
.C C 0 0 3 6 C
.0 0 1 0 8 2 0
.0 0 0 8 1 8 0
.0 0 13 0 0 0
.0 2 5 4 3 9 0
.0 0 6 9 8 0 0
.0 0 0 7 8 1 0
.5 5 5 9 4 0 0
.0 0 0 7 3 1 0
.0 0 0 6 8 3 0
.0 5 2 0 7 9 0
.0 0 3 1 6 6 0
.0 0 0 5 5 2 0
.6 2 8 9 1 8 0
.0 0 0 4 5 5 0
.0 0 0 2 9 5 0
.0 7 4 8 0 3 0
.0 0 3 5 8 5 0
. C004760
.6 3 8 8 9 9 0
.0 0 0 6 7 10
.0 0 0 0 9 6 0
.0 0 0 1 9 0 0
.0 0 2 6 9 0 0
.0 0 0 3 3 5 0
.6 1 3 1 2 1 0
.0 0 0 9 6 5 0
.0 0 0 2 2 5 0
.0 0 2 2 3 3 0
.0 0 6 4 8 0 0
.0 0 0 6 6 2 0
.5 5 8 2 6 3 0
.0 0 0 9 7 2 0
.0 0 0 2 7 10
.0 13 6 9 2 0
.0 0 7 5 2 3 0
.0 0 0 9 1 8 0
.5 14 9 1 5 0
.0 0 0 9 0 4 0
.0 0 0 2 3 0 0
.0 4 3 3 5 8 0
• C 0 7 8 4 1C
.0 0 0 9 8 0 0
.5 6 6 4 2 3 0
7 8 . FE D E R A L GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S .............................................
7 9 . S T A TE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S .......................
8 0 . GROSS IM PORTS OF GOODS AND S E R V IC E S ............................
8 1 . B U S IN E S S T R A V E L ,E N T E R T A IN M E N T AND G I F T S . . . .
8 2 . O F F IC E S U P P L IE S ...................................................................................
T O T A L 4 ...............................................................................................................
See fo o tn o te s on p . 1 3 1 .
110
.
.
-
.
.
.
.
.
_
-
.0 0 0 5 5 9 0
.0 0 0 0 9 0 0
-
.0 0 0 1 11 0
_
-
.0 0 0 1 1 4 0
_
.0 0 0 17 5 0
.0 0 0 8 9 3 0
.0 0 0 1 2 6 0
.0 0 0 3 7 4 0
_
-
.0 0 0 6 1 9 0
.0 0 0 6 7 9 0
"
.0 0 0 2 4 8 0
.0 0 0 2 7 2 0
_
.0 0 0 1 6 10
.0 0 0 0 4 0 0
.0 0 0 5 2 0 0
.0 0 0 1 8 9 0
.0 0 0 0 3 2 0
T A B L E D -13.
D IR E C T R EQ U IREM EN TS PER D O L LA R O F GR O SS OUTPUT, 19 8 0 1 ------ Continued
( P r o d u c e r v a lu e s - 19 5 8 d o l l a r s ) 2
In d u s t r y n u m b e r and tit le 3
1 . L IV E S T O C K AND L IV E S T O C K P RO D U CTS..................................................
2 . OTHER A G R IC U LT U R A L P R 0 0U CT S .............................................................
3 . FO R E ST R Y AND F IS H E R Y PRODUCTS ........................................................
4 . A G R IC U L T U R A L ,F O R E S T R Y AND F IS H E R Y S E R V I C E S .......................
5 . IRO N AND FERR O A LLO Y ORES M IN IN G ..................................................
6 . NONFERROUS METAL ORES M IN IN G .............................................................
7 . COAL M IN IN G .........................................................................................................
E n g in e s
and
tu r b in e s
F arm
m a c h in e r y
and
eq u ip m e n t
43
44
.
-
.0 0 1 0 2 0 0
45
_
.0 0 1 1 9 9 0
.0 0 0 9 1 3 0
-
.0 0 0 6 6 6 0
M e t a l
w o rk in g
m a c h in e r y
and
eq u ip m e n t
S p e c ia l
in d u s t r y
m a c h in e r y
and
eq u ip m e n t
G e n e ra l
in d u s t r ia l
m a c h in e r y
and
eq u ip m e n t
46
47
48
49
.
-
.
.0 0 0 1 5 7 0
-
-
.
-
.0 0 0 0 1 3 0
•0 0 0 1 9 9 C
_
.0 0 2 3 4 5 0
.0 0 1 0 9 9 0
.0 0 0 1 2 4 0
-
-
.0 0 0 6 6 2 0
.0 0 2 4 7 6 0
•0 C 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 2 0 3 6 0
.0 0 0 2 7 4 0
-
_
.0 0 0 8 9 5 0
.0 0 0 7 6 6 0
.0 0 0 3 7 2 0
_
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 0 6 2 8 0
.0 0 3 1 9 9 0
. 0 C 0 1220
_
.0 0 0 0 7 9 0
.0 0 0 6 7 8 0
.0 0 1 1 4 2 0
-
_
.0 0 1 4 7 3 0
.0 0 0 6 5 9 0
.0 0 0 7 1 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
_
.0 0 0 9 8 3 0
.0 0 12 9 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 2 0
_
.0 0 12 0 2 0
.0 0 0 8 9 0 0
.0 0 5 0 2 2 0
.0 0 0 0 6 1 0
_
.0 0 0 5 3 6 0
.0 0 0 8 3 2 0
.0 0 1 3 1 1 0
• 000024C
.0 0 1 0 6 9 0
.0 0 4 5 9 9 0
.0 0 1 4 3 8 0
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 0 6 2 1 0
.0 0 0 0 3 2 0
.0 0 0 4 1 6 0
.0 0 0 5 5 4 0
.0 0 2 0 4 5 0
.0 0 0 4 4 2 0
.0 0 0 9 3 9 0
.0 0 0 1 4 2 0
.0 0 0 1 3 2 0
.0 0 0 8 8 0 0
.0 0 0 8 4 8 0
.0 0 0 4 1 6 0
.0 0 0 8 9 7 0
.0 0 0 4 6 0 0
.0 0 0 3 2 6 0
.0 0 0 6 3 8 0
.0 0 0 3 5 8 0
i .0 0 0 5 6 3 0
.0 0 0 4 8 0 0
.0 0 0 0 2 7 0
.C C C C C 1 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 2 7 7 0
.0 0 0 0 8 1 0
.0 0 0 9 6 4 0
.0 0 0 4 2 7 0
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 0 0 1 6 0
.0 0 2 0 2 6 0
.0 0 0 2 8 8 0
.0 0 0 9 3 2 0
.0 0 2 0 4 4 0
.0 0 0 6 8 8 0
.0 0 0 2 7 7 0
.0 0 0 0 9 2 0
.0 0 2 6 3 5 0
.0 0 1 5 9 2 0
•0 0 0 5 2 9 C
.0 0 1 7 3 5 0
.0 0 0 2 5 9 0
D R U G S ,C L E A N IN G AND T O IL E T P R E P A R A T IO N S ..................................
P A IN T S AND A L L IE D P R O D U CTS...................................................................
PETROLEUM R E F IN IN G AND R ELA TE D IN D U S T R IE S .......................
RUBBER AND M IS CE LLA N E O U S P L A S T IC S P RO D U CTS.......................
LEA T H E R TANNIN G AND IN D U S T R IA L LEA TH ER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER L EA T H E R PROOUCTS ........................................
G LA SS AND GLASS PRO D U CTS........................................................................
.0 0 0 4 5 8 0
.0 0 12 0 0 0
.0 0 3 7 9 5 0
.0 0 7 0 9 3 0
.0 0 0 0 9 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 5 0 2 0
.0 0 0 5 9 4 0
.0 0 3 8 2 5 0
.0 0 3 6 3 5 0
.0 4 6 8 8 6 0
.0 0 0 6 9 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 0 0 1 0 4 0
.0 0 0 5 3 6 0
.0 0 1 4 7 6 0
.0 0 4 2 4 5 0
.0 2 18 9 10
.0 0 0 0 9 10
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 0 2 7 0
.0 0 0 7 2 4 0
.0 0 2 5 9 7 0
• 0 0 32 7C C
.0 2 4 9 16 0
.0 0 0 0 6 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 2 9 3 0
.0 0 0 4 1 8 0
.0 0 0 0 4 7 0
.0 0 4 8 9 4 0
.0 0 4 8 4 5 0
.0 0 0 0 4 9 0
.0 0 0 0 6 4 0
.0 0 0 1 3 1 0
.0 0 0 7 0 6 0
.0 0 0 3 2 0 0
.0 0 5 3 3 0 0
.0 1 9 0 9 7 0
.0 0 0 8 0 1 0
.0 0 0 0 1 0 0
.0 0 0 0 4 5 0
• 0 0 0 4 32 C
.0 0 0 6 7 5 0
.0 0 3 5 4 5 0
.0 0 5 5 9 8 0
• C 0 0 16 6 C
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 0 5 0 0
3 6 . STONE AND C L A Y PRODUCTS ........................................................................
3 7 . PRIM ARY IRO N AND S T E E L M AN U FACTU RING.......................................
3 8 . PRIM ARY NONFERROUS M ETALS M ANUFACTURING ............................
3 9 . METAL C O N T A IN E R S ........................................................................
4 0 . H E A T IN G ,P L U M B IN G AND STRU CTU RAL METAL P RO O U CTS. . .
4 1 . STA M P IN G S ,SCR E W M ACHINE PRODUCTS AND B O L T S .......................
4 2 . OTHER F A B R IC A T E D METAL PRODUCTS ..................................................
.0 0 6 2 3 3 0
.0 5 9 0 4 0 0
.0 3 5 2 14 0
.0 0 11 5 0 0
.0 18 4 0 5 0
.0 0 1 2 0 2 0
.0 0 5 1 7 3 0
.1 0 7 2 2 4 0
.0 1 3 1 0 4 0
.0 0 2 2 7 3 0
.0 2 5 8 7 3 0
.0 0 4 4 5 5 0
.0 0 5 6 0 2 0
.1 18 4 4 4 0
.0 1 0 0 5 7 0
.0 0 0 0 3 4 0
.0 1 7 4 4 0 0
.0 0 4 8 4 3 0
.0 1 3 1 1 8 0
.0 0 3 7 10 0
.0 9 4 8 9 5 0
.0 2 2 6 3 6 0
.O O C C C 1C
.0 12 0 2 7 0
.0 14 9 13 0
.0 2 0 6 5 2 0
.0 0 7 1 6 6 0
.0 6 6 13 4 0
.0 2 9 5 8 2 0
.0 0 0 2 6 3 0
.0 0 3 6 9 1 0
.0 2 2 5 4 9 0
.0 1 9 9 0 4 0
.0 0 4 11 5 0
.0 7 5 1 7 5 0
.0 4 5 9 7 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 10 4 1 3 0
.0 0 9 7 9 5 0
.0 15 5 6 5 0
.0 0 8 8 16 0
.0 8 5 17 5 0
.0 2 6 8 0 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 17 9 0 3 0
• 009262C
.0 1 8 1 9 2 0
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
E N G IN E S AND T U R B IN E S ....................................................................................
FARM M ACHINERY AND EQ U IP M E N T .............................................................
C O N S T R U C T IO N ,M IN IN G AND O IL F I E L D M ACHINERY . . . .
M A T E R IA LS HAN DLIN G M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . . . .
METALW ORKING M ACHINERY AND EQ U IP M EN T........................................
S P E C IA L IN D U STR Y M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T ............................
GEN ER AL IN D U S T R IA L M ACHINERY AND EQ U IP M E N T .......................
.0 7 5 7 7 9 0
.0 1 0 9 0 0 0
.0 2 4 2 4 0 0
.0 0 1 4 3 9 0
.0 16 8 7 0 0
.0 0 0 9 6 3 0
.0 2 4 9 1 8 0
.0 3 3 5 6 2 0
.0 3 16 7 7 0
.0 0 9 9 6 7 0
.0 0 0 4 4 4 0
.0 1 6 8 9 8 0
.0 0 2 3 1 8 0
.0 6 4 8 6 1 0
.0 1 8 9 9 9 0
.0 11 3 8 2 0
.0 5 2 5 7 2 0
.0 0 6 3 6 2 0
.0 16 4 2 3 0
.0 0 15 6 10
.0 7 2 6 2 2 0
.0 0 7 8 2 0 0
.0 0 3 7 8 6 0
.0 4 4 5 9 9 0
.0 4 7 5 5 2 0
.0 1 4 0 3 9 0
.0 0 3 7 0 3 0
.0 8 9 4 6 5 0
.0 0 1 6 7 2 0
.0 0 12 5 2 0
.0 0 1 7 0 2 0
• 0 0 2 74 C 0
.0 5 7 5 0 7 0
.0 0 5 8 0 2 0
.0 4 2 8 7 8 0
.0 0 0 4 4 0 0
.0 0 2 2 0 0 0
.0 0 6 5 2 8 0
.0 0 5 3 9 2 0
.0 1 9 4 1 7 0
.0 5 1 8 9 8 0
.0 7 0 4 5 9 0
.0 0 9 3 7 8 0
.0 0 17 11 0
.0 0 6 4 3 6 0
.0 0 8 6 8 3 0
.0 15 1 5 9 0
.0 0 4 5 9 2 0
. 086469C
50.
5 1.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
M ACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ..............................................................................
O F F IC E ,C O M P U T IN G AND ACCO U NTING M A C H IN ES.............................
S E R V IC E IN D U STR Y M ACHINES ...................................................................
E L E C T R IC IN D U S T R IA L EQUIPM ENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD A P P L IA N C E S ...................................................................................
E L E C T R IC L IG H T IN G AND W IR IN G EQ U IP M E N T ..................................
R A D I O ,T E L E V IS IO N AND COMM UNICATION E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
.0 4 2 0 8 8 0
.0 0 0 0 9 7 0
.0 1 7 2 0 9 0
.0 0 0 0 4 8 0
.0 0 0 4 6 4 0
.0 0 0 0 8 9 0
.0 2 1 2 6 3 0
.0 0 0 3 9 9 0
.0 0 5 8 7 4 0
.0 0 4 1 2 3 0
.0 0 0 6 8 2 0
.0 0 0 0 7 6 0
.0 0 6 5 2 5 0
.0 0 0 9 2 7 0
.0 0 0 6 7 3 0
.0 2 2 6 8 7 0
.0 0 0 2 1 6 0
.0 0 1 1 3 1 0
.0 0 0 9 2 3 0
.0 2 2 9 1 6 0
.0 0 2 9 3 6 0
.0 0 1 9 3 9 0
.0 6 1 8 5 7 0
.0 0 2 8 9 2 0
.0 0 0 1 8 2 0
.0 0 8 8 4 9 0
.0 0 0 0 6 6 0
.0 0 2 0 0 6 0
.0 5 5 0 4 7 0
.0 0 3 8 5 3 0
.0 0 0 6 0 9 0
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 5 6 6 0 0
.0 0 4 2 2 3 0
.0 0 4 8 4 5 0
.0 4 5 3 4 6 0
.0 0 1 5 4 5 0
.0 0 0 4 8 2 0
.0 1 1 2 8 4 0
.0 0 8 2 1 4 0
•C0 0 0 9 4 C
.0 0 8 9 0 6 0
.0 6 4 0 1 9 0
5 7 . E L E C T R O N IC COMPONENTS AND A C C E S S O R IE S ..................................
5 8 . M IS CE LLA N E O U S E L E C T R IC A L M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . .
5 9 . MOTOR V E H IC L E S AND E Q U IP M E N T .............................................................
6 0 . A IR C R A F T AND P A R T S .........................................................................................
6 1 . OTHER TRA N SPO R TA TIO N E Q U IP M EN T........................................................
6 2 . S C I E N T I F I C AND C O N T R O LLIN G IN S TR U M E N T S..................................
6 3 . O P T IC A L ,O P T H A L M IC AND PH O TO GRAPHIC E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 18 2 19 0
.0 2 5 17 0 0
.0 0 9 5 1 4 0
.0 0 7 1 0 2 0
.0 0 0 8 7 2 0
.0 0 0 0 5 8 0
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 0 7 6 9 6 0
.0 1 5 5 4 5 0
.0 0 1 9 5 6 0
.0 0 1 5 2 7 0
.0 0 1 4 0 8 0
.0 0 0 0 6 0 0
.0 0 3 1 0 0 0
.0 0 16 1 4 0
.0 1 3 8 5 8 0
.0 0 0 6 2 6 0
.0 0 3 8 5 4 0
.0 0 0 8 3 9 0
.0 0 0 0 6 3 0
.0 0 1 5 8 6 0
.0 0 2 4 1 0 0
.0 0 9 2 9 4 0
.0 0 1 8 0 8 0
.0 0 3 1 8 4 0
.0 0 0 5 5 5 0
.0 0 0 0 6 4 0
.0 0 5 1 6 6 0
.G C G 0 9 6 0
.0 4 7 4 2 1 0
.0 0 5 3 4 4 0
.0 0 0 2 2 0 0
.0 0 1 6 6 7 0
.0 0 0 1 2 7 0
.0 10 3 3 3 0
.0 0 0 4 2 7 0
.0 0 2 6 6 4 0
.0 0 3 3 0 8 0
.0 0 2 4 5 7 0
.0 0 2 0 0 1 0
.0 0 1 7 6 3 0
.0 0 7 7 5 0 0
.0 0 1 0 1 2 0
.0 0 6 17 5 0
.0 15 9 6 2 0
.0 0 3 9 7 4 0
.0 0 7 0 8 9 0
.0 0 0 2 3 6 0
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
M IS CE LLA N E O U S M ANUFACTURING .............................................................
TRA N SPO R TA TIO N AND W AREHOUSING........................................................
C O M M U N IC A T IO N S,E X C E P T B R O A D CA ST IN G .............................................
R A D IO AND T E L E V IS IO N B RO AD CASTIN G .............................................
E L E C T R IC ,G A S ,W A T E R AND SA N IT A R Y S E R V I C E S ............................
W HOLESALE AND R E T A IL T R A D E ...................................................................
F IN A N C E AND IN SU R A N CE ..............................................................................
.0 0 1 2 9 8 0
.0 10 1 9 2 0
.0 0 2 8 8 6 0
.0 0 6 4 7 4 0
.0 2 5 2 6 9 0
.0 0 5 5 15 0
.0 0 0 9 5 1 0
.0 1 2 7 9 7 0
.0 0 3 1 17 0
.0 0 7 7 11 0
.0 3 8 1 2 6 0
.0 0 7 8 7 0 0
.0 0 0 5 7 8 0
.0 11 8 3 3 0
.0 0 3 6 6 8 0
.0 0 9 9 9 4 0
.0 3 5 0 1 4 0
.0 0 6 5 9 4 0
.0 2 7 8 3 6 0
.0 10 3 5 9 0
.0 0 3 7 9 0 0
.0 0 6 9 2 2 0
.0 4 3 7 4 4 0
.0 0 7 4 7 2 0
.0 0 2 4 8 8 0
.0 0 6 7 5 4 0
.0 0 8 9 4 0 0
.0 1 0 6 7 0 0
.0 2 9 4 3 7 0
.0 0 7 3 6 6 0
.0 0 0 8 9 8 0
.0 1 0 4 2 2 0
.0 1 0 2 6 0 0
.0 0 9 4 0 9 0
.0 3 4 6 7 2 0
.0 0 6 6 5 0 0
. G002830
.0 10 8 7 3 0
.0 0 9 7 0 2 0
.0 0 9 9 6 7 0
.0 4 4 7 7 0 0
.0 0 5 7 5 3 0
7 1 . R EAL E ST A TE AND R E N T A L . . . . .
...................................................
7 2 . H O T E L S ,P E R S O N A L AND R E P A IR S E R V I C E S , E X C E P T AUTO . .
7 3 . B U S IN E S S S E R V IC E S .........................................................................................
7 4 . R ES EA R CH ANO D EVELO PM EN T........................................................................
7 5 . AUTOMOBILE R E P A IR ANO S E R V I C E S ........................................................
7 6 . AMUSEMENTS...............................................................................................................
7 7 . M E D IC A L ,E D U C A T IO N A L AND NO N PR O FIT O R G A N IZ A T IO N S . .
.0 0 4 0 2 0 0
.0 0 0 9 2 9 0
.0 2 4 2 6 3 0
.0 0 0 7 8 6 0
.0 0 0 4 8 6 0
.0 0 0 0 2 7 0
.0 0 1 0 8 5 0
.0 0 4 5 6 1 0
.0 0 0 9 8 3 0
.0 3 2 7 6 9 0
.0 0 0 7 6 2 0
.0 0 1 0 4 0 0
.0 0 0 0 2 6 0
.0 0 1 1 0 4 0
.0 0 4 9 1 9 0
.0 0 10 2 5 0
.0 2 0 8 4 2 0
.0 0 0 8 1 9 0
.0 0 10 2 2 0
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.0 0 11 5 7 0
.0 0 8 4 5 0 0
.0 0 1 0 4 1 0
.0 2 3 9 7 6 0
.0 0 0 6 17 0
.0 0 0 6 7 2 0
.0 0 0 0 3 2 0
.0 0 1 0 4 0 0
.0 15 8 4 10
.0 0 15 3 2 0
.0 1 8 1 0 2 0
.0 0 0 7 9 6 0
.0 0 0 9 1 9 0
.0 0 0 0 4 0 0
.0 0 11 0 0 0
.0 0 8 6 2 8 0
.0 0 1 3 9 8 0
.0 2 0 5 5 10
.0 0 0 7 1 6 0
.0 0 1 6 6 5 0
.0 0 0 0 3 8 0
.0 0 1 1 2 1 0
.0 0 6 2 9 4 0
.0 0 12 0 3 0
.0 2 0 13 3 0
.0 0 0 7 7 2 0
.0 0 0 7 9 9 0
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 0 1 0 9 9 0
FE D E R A L GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S ........................................................
S T A TE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S ..................................
GROSS IM PORTS OF GOODS AND S E R V IC E S .......................................
B U S IN E S S T R A V E L ,E N T E R T A IN M E N T AND G I F T S .............................
O F F IC E S U P P L IE S ..............................................................................................
T O T A L 4 .........................................................................................................................
.0 0 0 9 0 7 0
.0 0 0 1 4 2 0
.0 4 0 5 3 1 0
.0 0 7 2 5 8 0
.0 0 0 8 7 3 0
.5 5 4 5 8 3 0
.0 0 16 9 5 0
.0 0 0 2 9 4 0
.0 8 5 4 0 1 0
.0 0 6 0 3 6 0
.0 0 0 9 7 0 0
.6 5 5 3 6 2 0
.0 0 0 7 2 5 0
.0 0 0 14 6 0
.0 2 7 1 9 3 0
.0 0 7 7 9 8 0
.0 0 0 9 6 0 0
.5 7 5 9 4 4 0
.0 0 116 3 0
.0 0 0 0 8 2 0
.0 1 5 8 5 4 0
.0 0 9 6 2 2 0
.0 0 11 9 9 0
.6 9 2 7 8 8 0
.0 0 0 7 3 7 0
.0 0 0 1 16 0
.0 2 6 9 9 8 0
.0 0 8 6 7 9 0
.0 0 10 7 4 0
.5 5 19 3 3 0
.0 0 0 8 6 6 0
.0 0 0 1 7 9 0
.0 5 4 5 5 4 0
.0 0 9 4 1 5 0
.0 0 1 2 0 8 0
.6 2 7 9 3 3 0
.0 0 0 9 3 3 0
.0 0 0 1 5 7 0
.0 3 8 4 7 1 0
.0 0 9 5 9 0 0
.0 0 1 1 8 0 0
.6 1 15 1 7 0
.0 0 0 2 9 8 0
-
1 5 . TOBACCO M ANUFACTURES...................................................................................
1 6 . BROAD AND NARROW F A B R IC S ,Y A R N AND THREAD M I L L S . . .
1 7 . M IS CE LLA N E O U S T E X T IL E GCODS AND FLOOR C O V E R IN G S . .
1 8 . APPAREL ....................................................................................................................
1 9 . M IS CE LLA N E O U S F A B R IC A T E D T E X T I L E PRODUCTS .......................
2 0 . LUMBER AND WOOD PR O D U CT S, E X C E P T C O N T A IN E R S .......................
2 1 . WOODEN C O N T A IN E R S .........................................................................................
_
.0 0 0 0 8 8 0
.0 0 0 2 1 5 0
.0 0 0 6 1 8 0
.0 0 0 2 4 8 0
-
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FU R N IT U R E ....................................................................................
OTHER FU R N ITU R E AND F I X T U R E S .............................................................
PAPER AND A L L IE D P R O D U C T S ,E X C E P T CO N T A IN E R S . . . .
PAPERBOARD C O N T A IN E R S AND BOXES ..................................................
P R IN T IN G AND P U B L IS H IN G ........................................................................
C H EM IC A LS AND S E L E C T E D CH EM ICA L P R O D U CTS............................
P L A S T IC S AND S Y N T H E T IC M A T E R IA L S ..................................................
29.
30.
3 1.
32.
33.
34.
35.
78.
79.
80.
8 1.
82.
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
.
.0 0 0 3 1 1 C
.0 0 0 0 8 9 0
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS . . . . . . . . . .
STONE AND C L A Y M IN IN G AND Q UARRYING ........................................
C H EM ICA L AND F E R T I L I Z E R M INERAL M IN IN G ..................................
NEW CO N S T R U C T IO N ............................ .................................................................
M AINTENANCE AND R E P A IR CO N STRU CTIO N .......................................
ORDNANCE AND A C C E S S O R IE S ........................................................................
FOOD AND K IN D R E D PRODUCTS ...................................................................
_
•0 C 0 1 4 9 0
_
-
M a t e r ia ls
h a n d lin g
m a c h in e r y
and
eq u ip m e n t
_
.0 0 0 1 1 8 0
.0 0 0 2 2 3 0
.0 0 0 3 2 1 0
“
8.
9.
10 .
11.
12 .
13 .
14 .
_
-
C o n stru c
tio n ,
m in in g and
o il fie ld
m a c h in e r y
-
-
.0 0 1 0 8 3 0
.0 0 2 3 3 8 0
See fo o tno tes on p . 1 3 1 .
111
T A B L E D -13.
D IR E C T R EQ U IR EM EN TS PER D O L LA R O F GROSS O UTPUT, 19 8 0 ‘ — Continued
( P r o d u c e r s v a lu e s - 19 5 8 d o lla r s ) 2
M a c h in e
shop
p ro d u c ts
In d u s t r y n u m b e r and t it le 3
50
_
-
1 . L IV E S T O C K AND L IV E S T O C K PRO DU CTS........................................
2 . OTHER A G R IC U LT U R A L PRODUCTS ..................................................
3 . FO R E ST R Y AN0 F IS H E R Y PRODUCTS .............................................
4 . A G R IC U L T U R A L ,F O R E S T R Y AND F IS H E R Y S E R V I C E S . . .
5 . IRO N AND FE R R O A LLO Y ORES M IN IN G ........................................
6 . NONFERROUS METAL ORES M IN IN G ..................................................
7 . COAL M IN IN G ...............................................................................................
-
.0 0 0 1 3 5 0
O f f ic e ,
co m p u tin g
and
a c c o u n tin g
m a c h in e s
S e r v ic e
in d u s t r y
m a c h in e s
E le c t r ic
in d u s t r ia l
eq u ip m e n t
and
a p p a r a tu s
51
52
53
_
-
_
-
H o u s e h o ld
a p p lia n c e s
54
_
-
_
-
-
-
.0 0 0 3 4 3 0
.0 0 0 6 2 4 0
.0 0 0 3 3 7 0
.0 0 0 3 4 2 0
R a d io ,
t e le v is io n
and c o m m u
n ic a tio n
e q u ip m e n t
55
56
.
-
-
.0 0 1 3 9 4 0
. G 00289C
_
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
• 0 0 12 8 4 C
.0 14 9 2 2 0
-
.0 0 0 0 2 6 0
.0 0 3 9 7 7 0
.0 0 0 0 4 3 0
.0 0 0 7 0 2 0
.0 0 1 1 2 3 0
.0 0 11 7 5 0
.0 0 0 0 8 6 0
_
.0 0 12 8 3 0
.0 0 1 3 1 8 0
TOBACCO M ANUFACTURES........................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW F A B R IC S ,Y A R N AND THREAD M I L L S . . .
M IS C E LL A N E O U S T E X T IL E GOODS AND FLOOR C O V E R IN G S • .
AP PA R EL ..........................................................................................................
M IS C E LLA N E O U S F A B R IC A T E D T E X T I L E PRODUCTS . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PR O D U CT S, E X C EP T C O N T A IN E R S . . .
WOODEN CO N T A IN E R S ..............................................................................
_
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 119 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
*
_
.0 0 0 0 6 0 0
. O C 0 0 0 30
.0 0 0 7 7 8 0
.0 0 0 5 0 3 0
.0 0 0 1 4 7 0
_
.0 0 0 1 12 0
.0 0 0 6 5 3 0
.0 0 0 0 4 7 0
.0 0 3 0 9 0 0
.0 0 2 2 3 7 0
_
.0 0 0 2 8 7 0
.0 0 0 3 1 9 0
.0 0 0 8 3 3 0
.0 0 119 0 0
.0 0 0 0 12 0
_
.0 0 2 5 2 3 0
.0 0 0 0 7 4 0
.0 0 0 6 5 7 0
.0 0 1 5 0 6 0
.0 0 2 5 1 2 0
_
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 8 7 4 0
.0 0 1 1 3 7 0
-
_
.0 0 0 2 3 0 0
.0 0 0 6 5 3 0
.0 0 0 0 1 3 0
.0 0 16 1 2 0
-
HOUSEHOLD FU R N IT U R E .........................................................................
O THER F U R N IT U R E AND F IX T U R E S ..................................................
P A PER AND A L L IE D P R O O U C T S .E X C E P T C O N T A IN E R S . .
PAPERBOARD C O N T A IN E R S AND BOXES ........................................
P R IN T IN G ANO P U B L IS H IN G ..............................................................
CH E M IC A LS ANO S E L E C T E D CH EM ICA L P R O D U C T S. . . .
P L A S T IC S AND S Y N T H E T IC M A T E R IA L S ........................................
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 0 0 8 4 0
.0 0 0 1 8 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 0 1 5 9 0
.0 0 6 6 4 7 0
.0 0 1 7 1 8 0
.0 0 3 2 6 10
.0 0 0 3 6 3 0
.0 0 11 4 0 0
.0 0 0 9 2 1 0
.0 0 0 4 7 9 0
.0 0 3 9 14 0
.0 0 8 3 1 9 0
.0 0 0 2 3 5 0
.0 0 6 5 1 5 0
.0 0 0 9 9 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 0 77 6 C C
.0 0 3 8 7 8 0
.0 0 11 8 5 0
.0 0 3 8 3 7 0
.0 0 6 8 0 6 0
.0 0 0 1 6 3 0
.0 0 0 2 3 7 0
.0 0 1 4 9 6 0
.0 0 9 6 5 2 0
.0 0 0 6 5 2 0
.0 0 5 1 8 2 0
.0 0 2 5 9 1 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 2 0
.0 0 2 6 7 9 0
.0 1 7 1 5 2 0
.0 0 0 3 15 0
.0 0 5 3 9 6 0
.0 2 3 3 5 3 0
.0 0 9 19 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 0 4 1 8 0 0
.0 0 4 9 16 0
.0 0 13 8 9 0
.0 0 0 9 8 2 0
.0 0 6 5 4 0 0
.0 0 0 6 5 1 0
.0 0 9 9 0 1 0
.0 0 17 7 5 0
• 0 0 0 2 19 0
.0 0 10 6 3 0
.0 0 0 0 4 8 0
.0 0 0 2 1 9 0
.0 0 10 0 5 0
.0 0 1 4 7 0 0
.0 1 2 7 0 4 0
.0 0 0 0 6 9 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 0 2 4 6 0
.0 0 0 7 2 6 0
.0 0 5 18 8 0
.0 0 2 9 2 5 0
.0 2 1 8 4 3 0
.0 0 0 0 9 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 2 7 0 6 0
.0 0 0 1 1 8 0
.0 0 2 9 8 8 0
.0 0 3 0 8 0 0
.0 10 2 3 6 0
.0 0 0 0 7 5 0
.0 0 0 0 1 3 0
.0 0 0 8 6 2 0
• 0 0 0 19 10
.0 0 4 8 3 7 0
.0 0 12 6 8 0
.0 6 1 6 1 3 0
.0 0 0 16 9 0
.0 0 1 0 6 8 0
.0 0 2 1 1 8 0
.0 0 0 17 5 0
.0 0 4 8 4 1 0
.0 0 1 7 3 0 0
.0 1 9 4 4 8 0
.0 0 0 1 11 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 2 7 4 8 2 0
.0 0 0 3 3 9 0
.0 0 0 4 3 3 0
.0 0 1 1 6 2 0
.0 1 4 4 1 6 0
.0 0 0 116 0
.0 0 0 0 1 1 0
.0 0 4 2 16 0
.0 17 118 0
.0 7 4 0 9 2 0
.0 5 2 7 8 5 0
.0 0 1 8 8 7 0
.0 0 4 4 0 6 0
.0 2 0 6 0 3 0
.0 0 2 6 2 5 0
.0 1 2 0 6 0 0
.0 1 1 8 2 9 0
.0 0 0 0 2 2 0
.0 0 5 0 5 8 0
.0 0 5 8 1 8 0
.0 0 5 9 0 0 0
.0 3 4 4 19 0
.0 4 1 6 6 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 2 3 3 6 0 0
.0 2 6 4 3 5 0
.0 2 19 0 5 0
.0 0 5 0 9 3 0
.0 4 4 6 9 5 0
.1 0 0 1 8 10
.0 0 2 8 5 5 0
.0 1 0 9 0 7 0
.0 0 7 2 6 8 0
.0 0 7 7 5 9 0
.0 4 8 6 4 8 0
.0 3 4 5 3 6 0
.0 1 8 3 2 8 0
.0 4 6 3 7 8 0
.0 2 8 4 5 7 0
.0 0 6 4 3 5 0
.0 5 16 8 5 0
.0 6 1 6 5 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 0 2 2 4 5 0
.0 2 2 8 7 4 0
.0 1 6 6 9 1 0
.0 0 2 9 6 6 0
.0 0 5 1 16 0
.0 13 6 2 8 0
.0 0 0 6 1 3 0
.0 1 0 6 3 6 0
.0 0 7 7 9 9 0
.0 0 4 6 9 0 0
.0 0 0 5 1 8 0
.0 0 2 8 3 3 0
.0 0 0 4 8 8 0
.0 15 8 5 7 0
.0 0 5 4 9 4 0
’ .0 0 9 8 3 1 0
_
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 0 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 0 8 1 1 3 0
.0 0 4 6 8 5 0
.0 0 6 5 7 0 0
.0 0 14 6 6 0
.0 0 0 3 7 0 0
.0 0 0 4 4 5 0
.0 0 1 4 4 6 0
.0 0 2 6 1 3 0
.0 0 2 4 8 5 0
.0 18 9 9 7 0
.0 14 7 9 5 0
.0 0 0 16 2 0
.0 0 1 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 5 0 4 0
.0 10 2 0 8 0
.0 0 0 9 9 6 0
.0 0 9 9 8 7 0
.C C C Q G 5 0
.0 0 0 3 2 9 0
.0 0 6 9 3 9 0
.0 0 0 0 1 9 0
.0 1 1 6 1 3 0
_
.0 0 0 2 4 8 0
.0 0 0 2 7 0 0
.0 0 0 0 11 0
.0 0 4 8 1 3 0
.0 0 C C 0 7 0
.0 0 1 4 7 6 0
_
.0 0 0 1 4 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 3 4 1 6 0
.0 0 0 2 7 7 0
.0 0 13 3 7 0
.0 0 3 5 8 8 0
.1 1 1 6 8 9 0
.0 0 0 0 1 2 0
.0 1 9 5 7 8 0
.0 0 4 15 9 0
.0 1 0 9 5 3 0
.0 0 13 0 9 0
.0 0 0 2 2 4 0
.0 5 5 1 4 8 0
.1 0 0 8 2 4 0
.0 0 9 5 3 5 0
.0 0 6 7 9 5 0
.0 0 5 4 6 7 0
.0 0 2 5 6 1 0
.0 0 17 0 8 0
.0 0 0 3 3 5 0
.0 6 9 9 4 7 0
.0 0 0 7 9 4 0
.0 17 4 5 3 0
.0 1 2 9 4 8 0
.0 0 1 4 4 7 0
.0 0 0 1 8 10
.0 4 1 6 7 8 0
.0 4 3 9 1 1 0
.0 1 5 6 5 6 0
.0 0 7 3 7 3 0
.0 0 6 3 3 9 0
.0 0 2 3 0 8 0
.0 0 0 9 0 0 0
.0 3 4 2 5 8 0
.0 0 0 4 5 2 0
.0 4 0 7 5 8 0
.0 0 2 7 4 4 0
.0 0 12 9 7 0
.0 0 10 7 7 0
.0 0 0 6 5 0 0
.0 1 4 6 6 2 0
.0 0 0 4 2 8 0
.0 0 7 3 8 5 0
.0 9 5 9 8 2 0
8.
9.
10 .
11.
12 .
13 .
14 .
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .......................................
STONE AND C L A Y M IN IN G AND Q UARRYING .............................
C H EM ICA L AND F E R T I L I Z E R M INERAL M IN IN G ....................... .
NEW C O N S T R U C T IO N ...................................................................................
M AINTENANCE AND R E P A IR CO N STR U CTIO N .............................
ORDNANCE AND A C C E S S O R IE S .............................................................
FOOD AND K IN D R E D PRODUCTS ........................................................
15 .
16 .
17 .
18 .
19 .
20.
2 1.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
.
2 9 . D R U G S ,C L E A N IN G AND T O IL E T P R E P A R A T IO N S .......................
3 0 . P A IN T S AND A L L IE D P RO D U CTS........................................................
3 1 . PETROLEUM R E F IN IN G AND R EL A TE D IN D U S T R IE S . . .
3 2 . RUBBER AND M IS C E LL A N E O U S P L A S T IC S P R O O U CT S. . .
3 3 . LEA T H E R TAN N IN G AND IN D U S T R IA L LEA TH ER PRODUCTS .
3 4 . FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEA T H E R PRODUCTS ............................
3 5 . G L A S S AND G L A SS P RO D U CTS.............................................................
.
.
.
_
-
E le c t r ic
lig h tin g
and w ir in g
eq u ip m e n t
-
.0 0 0 6 1 4 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
4 1.
42.
STONE AND C L A Y PRODUCTS . . ...................................................
PRIM ARY IRO N AND S T E E L M AN UFACTURING.............................
PRIM ARY NONFERROUS M ETALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
m e t a l C O N T A IN E R S ...................................................................................
H E A T IN G ,P L U M B IN G AND STRU CTU RAL METAL P R O D U C T S. .
ST A M P IN G S ,SC R E W M ACHINE PRODUCTS AND B O L T S . . .
OTHER F A B R IC A T E D METAL PRODUCTS .......................................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
E N G IN E S AND T U R B IN E S ........................................................................
FARM M ACHINERY AND EQ U IP M E N T ..................................................
C O N S T R U C T IO N ,M IN IN G AND O IL F IE L O M ACHINERY . .
M A T E R IA L S H AN DLIN G M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . .
METALW ORKING M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M EN T.............................
S P E C IA L IN D U S T R Y M ACHINERY ANO E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
G ENERAL IN D U S T R IA L M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . .
50.
5 1.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
M ACHINE SHOP PROOUCTS . .
........................................................
O F F IC E ,C O M P U T IN G AND ACCO U NTING M A C H IN E S . . . .
S E R V IC E IN D U STR Y M ACHINES ........................................................
E L E C T R IC IN D U S T R IA L EQUIPM ENT AND APPARATU S . .
HOUSEHOLD A P P L IA N C E S .........................................................................
E L E C T R IC L IG H T IN G AND W IR IN G EQ U IP M E N T .......................
R A D I O ,T E L E V IS IO N AND COMM UNICATION E Q U IP M E N T . .
• •
.1 0 5 0 8 1 0
.0 0 0 9 1 3 0
.0 0 0 6 6 3 0
.0 0 5 0 6 3 0
.0 0 0 0 9 5 0
.0 0 0 8 2 3 0
.0 0 0 6 0 6 0
57.
58.
59.
60.
6 1.
62.
63.
E L E C T R O N IC COMPONENTS AND A C C E S S O R IE S .......................
M IS C E LL A N E O U S E L E C T R IC A L M ACHINERY AND EQUIPM ENT • .
MOTOR V E H IC L E S AND EQ U IP M E N T ..................................................
A IR C R A F T AND P A R T S ..............................................................................
OTHER T RA N SPO R TA TIO N E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
.......................
S C I E N T I F I C ANO C O N T R O L LIN G IN S TR U M E N T S.......................
O P T IC A L ,O P T H A L M IC AND PH O TO GRAPHIC E Q U IP M E N T . . • •
.0 0 1 2 4 0 0
.0 0 2 0 2 2 0
.0 0 4 0 7 3 0
.0 0 3 0 9 3 0
.0 0 2 5 3 2 0
.0 0 14 1 4 0
.0 0 0 1 5 7 0
.1 5 6 14 5 0
.0 0 0 4 7 8 0
.0 0 0 0 5 4 0
.0 0 6 5 9 10
.0 0 4 5 9 0 0
.0 0 0 0 8 9 0
.0 0 5 1 6 6 0
.0 0 0 0 16 0
.0 12 7 0 6 0
.0 0 6 3 9 4 0
.0 0 0 3 6 2 0
.0 2 2 4 8 4 0
.0 0 0 0 6 10
.0 4 1 16 6 0
.0 0 2 3 6 4 0
.0 0 1 5 8 6 0
.0 0 1 0 6 0 0
.0 0 4 0 9 9 0
.0 16 3 19 0
.0 0 0 6 3 1 0
.0 0 0 6 7 2 0
.0 0 0 3 5 6 0
.0 0 2 13 5 0
.0 0 0 1 3 9 0
.0 0 1 8 7 0 0
.0 3 4 8 6 2 0
.0 0 16 3 2 0
.0 0 4 8 7 8 0
.0 3 0 1 9 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
• C0 000 80
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 2 7 9 5 0
.0 0 0 0 8 3 0
.3 0 9 9 8 10
.0 0 0 3 7 5 0
.0 0 0 1 6 1 0
.0 0 8 0 3 1 0
.0 0 0 1 2 8 0
.0 0 9 7 14 0
.0 0 2 14 7 0
64.
65.
66.
67.
68 .
69.
70.
M IS CE LLA N E O U S M ANUFACTURING ..................................................
T RA N SPO R TA TIO N AND W AREHOUSING.............................................
CO M M U N IC A T IO N S,E X C E P T B R O A D CA ST IN G ..................................
R A D IO AND T E L E V IS IO N BRO A D CA STIN G ..................................
E L E C T R IC ,G A S ,W A T E R AND SA N IT A R Y S E R V I C E S . . . .
W HOLESALE AND R E T A IL T R A D E ........................................................
F IN A N C E AND INSU R AN CE ...................................................................
.0 0 0 3 2 7 0
.0 0 9 4 2 8 0
.0 0 7 5 3 3 0
.0 1 3 0 6 3 0
.0 3 2 11 8 0
.0 0 7 9 1 5 0
.0 0 14 3 3 0
.0 0 6 3 7 3 0
.0 0 4 6 6 9 0
.0 0 5 7 15 0
.0 4 1 9 8 1 0
.0 0 5 1 1 2 0
.0 0 1 6 2 6 0
.0 1 2 7 2 2 0
.0 0 4 0 6 6 0
.0 12 5 5 0 0
.0 5 5 4 11 0
.0 0 7 7 6 10
.0 0 0 4 6 1 0
.0 1 0 1 6 1 0
.0 0 4 5 5 2 0
.0 0 7 2 0 2 0
.0 3 17 9 0 0
.0 0 4 3 6 5 0
.0 0 1 3 8 9 0
.0 1 4 9 1 5 0
.0 0 5 5 7 1 0
.0 0 6 5 6 9 0
.0 4 2 9 6 6 0
.0 0 3 1 4 9 0
.0 0 5 1 7 7 0
.0 12 3 1 0 0
.0 0 2 8 7 7 0
.0 0 5 3 7 4 0
.0 6 2 4 3 4 0
.0 0 4 11 4 0
.0 0 16 6 0 0
.0 0 9 4 1 2 0
.0 0 5 3 1 8 0
.0 0 2 6 9 0 0
.0 3 4 4 0 6 0
.0 0 3 8 8 0 0
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
R EA L E S T A T E AND R E N T A L ...................................................................
H O T E L S ,P E R S O N A L AND R E P A IR S E R V I C E S , E X C E P T AUTO . .
B U S IN E S S S E R V IC E S ..............................................................................
R ES EA R CH ANO D EVELO PM EN T.............................................................
AUTOM OBILE R E P A IR AND S E R V I C E S .............................................
AMUSEMENTS....................................................................................................
M E D IC A L ,E D U C A T IO N A L AND N O N PR O FIT O R G A N IZA T IO N S • •
.0 1 3 5 7 3 0
.0 0 18 7 5 0
.0 1 7 5 6 4 0
.0 0 0 8 4 4 0
.0 0 1 6 7 4 0
.0 0 0 0 4 4 0
.0 0 12 3 3 0
.0 0 7 0 6 3 0
.0 0 1 1 7 3 0
.0 3 4 9 2 9 0
.0 0 0 7 5 2 0
.0 0 0 2 2 7 0
.0 0 0 0 3 5 0
.0 0 1 0 2 3 0
.0 1 1 9 1 1 0
.0 0 5 6 0 8 0
.0 16 7 4 9 0
.0 0 0 7 8 7 0
.0 0 10 7 9 0
.0 0 0 0 2 8 0
.0 0 1 1 1 1 0
.0 0 7 1 2 1 0
.0 0 1 2 5 6 0
.0 3 6 2 0 6 0
.0 0 15 17 0
.0 0 0 7 2 9 0
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 1 1 8 5 0
.0 0 4 8 6 0 0
.0 0 6 5 0 2 0
.0 9 6 4 6 6 0
.0 0 1 5 1 0 0
.0 0 0 3 6 7 0
.0 0 0 0 2 6 0
.0 0 1 1 9 9 0
.0 0 8 4 3 7 0
.0 0 1 3 1 5 0
.0 2 8 2 8 7 0
.0 0 1 5 0 2 0
.0 0 0 4 1 7 0
.0 0 0 0 3 3 0
.0 0 1 1 8 0 0
.0 0 5 2 9 2 0
.0 0 4 0 2 5 0
.0 4 1 8 5 8 0
.0 0 0 2 2 6 0
.0 0 0 1 0 9 0
•CC00290
.0 0 11 3 6 0
78.
79.
80.
8 1.
82.
FE D E R A L GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S .............................................
S T A T E AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S .......................
GROSS IM PORTS OF GOODS AND S E R V IC E S ............................
B U S IN E S S T R A V E L , ENTERTAIN M EN T ANO G I F T S . . . .
O F F IC E S U P P L IE S ...................................................................................
T O T A L 4 ...............................................................................................................
.0 0 11 5 2 0
.0 0 0 1 8 0 0
.0 119 5 4 0
.0 0 8 16 2 0
.0 0 0 9 9 6 0
.4 8 7 3 2 2 0
.0 0 1 4 5 5 0
.0 0 0 0 9 7 0
.0 18 7 3 0 0
.0 17 4 2 7 0
.0 0 1 7 1 5 0
.5 5 6 9 9 3 0
.0 0 10 19 0
.0 0 0 1 6 3 0
.0 0 2 7 1 6 0
.0 0 7 8 3 5 0
.0 0 0 9 5 7 0
.6 1 4 7 1 9 0
.0 0 2 3 4 8 0
.0 0 0 1 7 4 0
.0 11 8 6 3 0
.0 1 5 6 3 6 0
.0 0 15 2 10
.5 6 6 7 9 8 0
.0 0 2 0 0 2 0
.0 0 0 1 9 0 0
.0 0 0 3 4 7 0
.0 0 7 2 3 7 0
.0 0 0 7 3 0 0
.6 5 6 7 3 4 0
.0 0 1 3 8 7 0
• 0 0 0 18 2 0
.0 3 4 4 8 8 0
.0 0 9 2 4 4 0
.0 0 0 9 4 5 0
.5 7 3 6 8 8 0
.0 0 2 16 3 0
.0 0 0 0 9 4 0
.0 5 7 0 9 7 0
.0 1 2 8 8 0 0
.0 0 1 3 0 4 0
.7 4 8 4 5 0 0
See fo o tno te s on p . 1 3 1 .
112
.
.
.
.
•
T A B L E D -13 .
In d u s t r y n u m b e r and t i t l e 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
D IR E C T R EQ U IR EM EN TS PER D O L LA R O F GR O SS OUTPUT, 19 8 0 ‘ — Continued
( P r o d u c e r s v a lu e s - 19 5 8 d o l l a r s ) 2
M is c e lla
M o to r
n eo u s
E le c t r o n ic
v e h ic le s
e l e c t r ic a l
co m p o n e n ts
m a c h in e r y
and
and a c c e s
and e q u ip e q u ip m e n t
s o r ie s
m ent
58
59
57
_
L IV E S T O C K AND L IV E S T O C K P RO D U CTS.............................................
OTHER A G R IC U LT U R A L PRO DUCTS ........................................................
FO R E ST R Y AND F IS H E R Y PRODUCTS ...................................................
A G R IC U L T U R A L ,F O R E S T R Y ANO F IS H E R Y S E R V I C E S . . . .
IRO N AND FE RR O A LLO Y O RES M IN IN G .............................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES M IN IN G ........................................................
COAL M IN IN G ....................................................................................................
-
.0 0 0 1 6 4 0
_
-
.0 0 1 2 1 6 0
.0 0 0 9 8 4 0
61
60
.
.
-
-
-
O th e r
S c ie n t if ic
tra n sp o r
and c o n
t r o llin g
tatio n
eq u ip m e n t in s tr u m e n ts
-
62
.
-
O p t ic a l,
o p th a lm ic
and p h o to
g r a p h ic
e q u ip m e n t
63
_
.0 0 116 4 0
-
.
-
.0 0 0 5 9 7 0
.0 0 0 1 8 1 0
.0 0 0 6 8 1 0
.0 0 0 4 0 1 0
~
.0 0 15 7 6 0
_
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
-
.0 0 1 7 1 3 0
.0 0 5 1 3 4 0
-
_
.0 0 0 0 6 7 0
.0 0 0 3 4 1 0
-
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.0 0 0 1 4 6 0
.0 1 8 3 4 4 0
.0 0 3 0 9 3 0
.0 0 0 3 15 0
• C 0 12 5 3 C
8 . CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .............................................
9 . STONE AND C L A Y M IN IN G AND Q UARRYING ..................................
1 0 . CH EM ICA L AND F E R T I L I Z E R M INERAL M IN IN G ............................
1 1 . NEW CO N S T R U C T IO N ................................................................................... .....
1 2 . MAINTENANCE AND R E P A IR CO N STR U CTIO N ..................................
1 3 . ORDNANCE AND A C C E S S O R IE S ...................................................................
1 4 . FOOD AND K IN D R E D PRODUCTS .............................................................
_
.0 0 0 7 2 10
.0 0 8 2 1 1 0
1 5 . TOBACCO M ANUFACTURES..............................................................................
1 6 . BROAD AND NARROW F A B R IC S ,Y A R N AND THREAD M I L L S . .
1 7 . M IS CE LLA N E O U S T E X T I L E GOODS AND FLOOR C O V E R IN G S .
1 8 . APPAREL ...............................................................................................................
1 9 . M IS C E LLA N E O U S F A B R IC A T E D T E X T IL E PRODUCTS . . . .
2 0 . LUMBER AND WOOD P RO D U CTS, E X C EP T C O N T A IN E R S . . . .
2 1 . WOODEN C O N T A IN E R S ...................................................................................
.0 0 1 2 0 1 0
.0 0 0 2 4 2 0
_
.0 0 0 3 1 5 0
.0 0 0 8 3 10
.0 0 0 0 2 2 0
.0 0 0 0 1 1 0
_
.0 0 1 9 5 8 0
.0 0 3 6 3 6 0
.0 0 0 3 7 3 0
.0 0 5 3 5 3 0
.0 0 0 4 6 3 0
-
.0 0 0 1 4 3 0
.0 0 0 4 9 9 0
.0 0 0 8 0 5 0
.0 0 1 5 8 6 0
_
.0 0 0 5 7 1 0
.0 0 0 7 0 3 0
.0 0 0 9 4 5 0
.0 0 0 3 6 3 0
.0 2 16 7 1 0
.0 0 7 4 7 10
.0 0 1 7 8 9 0
• C024420
.0 0 0 3 0 6 0
.0 0 0 6 9 7 0
.0 0 0 1 2 4 0
.0 0 0 5 0 4 0
.0 0 0 3 0 7 0
.0 0 0 7 6 10
.0 0 0 0 6 3 0
.0 0 4 3 4 3 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 11 4 2 1 0
.0 0 5 4 1 1 0
.0 0 0 5 4 1 0
.0 2 2 5 3 2 0
.0 1 2 9 9 6 0
.0 0 1 2 2 6 0
.0 0 6 7 8 9 0
.0 0 0 2 0 8 0
.0 2 0 9 4 8 0
.0 0 5 3 5 2 0
.0 0 0 0 3 9 0
.0 0 0 1 2 8 0
.0 0 3 2 2 6 0
.0 0 0 9 5 4 0
.0 0 0 4 8 4 0
.0 0 2 0 2 5 0
.0 0 1 0 2 4 0
.0 0 1 1 9 2 0
.0 0 0 3 8 6 0
.0 0 0 7 3 2 0
.0 0 0 8 0 1 0
.0 0 12 2 6 0
.0 0 0 8 5 6 0
.0 0 5 3 2 6 0
.0 0 2 8 7 6 0
.0 0 1 5 7 6 0
.0 0 0 3 1 9 0
.0 0 0 4 7 8 0
.0 0 2 1 6 6 0
.0 2 0 4 6 1 0
.0 0 0 4 9 6 0
.0 0 2 5 4 2 0
.0 0 4 7 2 8 0
.0 0 7 5 4 2 0
.0 0 0 5 4 10
.0 0 2 9 5 0 0
.0 0 2 8 9 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 3 1 2 6 2 0
.0 0 6 4 9 5 0
.0 0 0 2 5 0 0
.0 6 5 5 7 3 0
.0 0 1 3 3 7 0
.0 0 0 0 6 2 0
.0 0 0 6 4 1 0
.0 0 1 5 3 9 0
.0 0 8 1 5 0 0
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 0 0 0 1 3 0
.0 2 0 0 7 0 0
.0 0 0 0 7 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 0 1 3 2 1 0
.0 5 8 5 9 6 0
.0 0 0 0 4 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 6 1 0 0
.0 0 0 7 7 2 0
.0 0 3 9 3 8 0
.0 0 0 8 5 6 0
.0 4 3 0 0 2 0
.0 0 0 2 3 4 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 5 5 7 1 0
.0 0 0 4 2 2 0
.0 0 0 8 3 7 0
• 0 0 2 0 110
.0 15 3 4 8 0
.0 0 0 0 10 0
.0 0 0 1 2 2 0
.0 0 0 6 1 0 0
.0 0 7 8 5 1 0
.0 0 3 5 8 4 0
.0 2 114 1 0
.0 0 0 2 8 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 0 4 7 1 6 0
.0 0 2 0 3 9 0
.0 0 0 5 2 10
.0 0 12 5 7 0
.0 17 0 3 10
.0 0 0 4 8 7 0
.0 0 0 7 2 4 0
.0 0 3 0 0 0 0
• C C 0 0 7 5C
.0 0 0 2 0 0 0
.0 0 2 5 2 9 0
.0 1 0 6 7 0 0
•C 0 0 0 4 5 C
.0 0 0 3 9 4 0
.0 1 0 4 4 7 0
.0 0 4 4 3 9 0
.0 11 6 8 9 0
.0 2 8 8 7 5 0
•0004490
.0 16 4 19 0
.0 1 2 9 8 8 0
.0 0 8 9 8 5 0
.0 16 4 0 5 0
.1 0 0 2 2 5 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 2 0 2 1 5 0
.0 0 4 3 4 4 0
.0 0 2 4 6 6 0
.0 6 1 6 2 0 0
.0 14 5 8 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 0 9 17 0
.0 18 2 3 8 0
.0 3 4 2 0 10
.0 0 3 6 5 1 0
.0 1 4 9 0 8 0
.0 2 2 2 6 1 0
.0 0 0 6 0 6 0
■ 0 16 3 3 7 C
.0 0 9 9 6 8 0
.0 0 7 7 2 4 0
.0 8 8 1 9 4 0
.0 4 1 6 4 0 0
.0 0 0 0 0 2 0
.0 4 3 6 5 1 0
.0 0 3 2 6 0 0
.0 1 7 2 6 7 0
.0 0 3 3 3 3 0
.0 0 7 2 4 0 0
.0 3 7 4 2 0 0
.0 0 2 2 4 2 0
.0 0 1 2 3 1 0
.0 1 4 7 3 3 0
.0 1 5 4 5 8 0
.0 1 8 0 4 3 0
.0 0 2 8 1 0 0
.0 3 8 6 6 0 0
.0 0 5 0 3 9 0
.0 0 9 5 9 3 0
_
.0 0 0 6 6 9 0
.0 0 4 4 0 1 0
.0 0 0 3 2 4 0
.0 0 1 0 1 0 0
.0 0 1 0 6 1 0
.0 0 0 5 2 2 0
.0 0 12 5 3 0
.0 1 2 0 1 6 0
.0 0 0 0 1 8 0
.0 1 6 6 5 8 0
.0 0 3 1 7 4 0
.0 0 0 7 7 7 0
.0 0 0 3 5 5 0
.0 0 0 2 5 4 0
.0 0 8 3 7 2 0
.0 0 0 19 6 0
.0 0 5 5 7 6 0
.0 0 14 3 2 0
.0 0 0 1 2 8 0
.0 0 0 1 4 1 0
.0 0 0 5 0 2 0
.0 2 0 5 4 6 0
.0 0 0 3 7 3 0
.0 1 0 3 8 0 0
.0 2 1 3 4 6 0
.0 0 3 9 9 3 0
.0 0 4 5 5 0 0
.0 0 5 2 4 7 0
.0 0 4 3 1 7 0
.0 0 0 2 2 2 0
.0 1 6 6 6 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 3 0
.0 0 0 2 7 2 0
.0 0 0 5 4 4 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 11 4 0 4 0
.0 0 1 4 6 2 0
.0 0 5 7 7 1 0
_
.0 0 0 2 2 8 0
.0 0 4 1 2 5 0
.0 0 1 0 8 9 0
-
.0 0 1 4 8 0 0
.0 0 4 4 9 6 0
.0 0 0 0 1 5 0
.0 3 3 4 0 6 0
.0 0 1 0 0 3 0
.0 0 8 1 3 8 0
.0 4 2 4 4 4 0
.0 1 1 4 8 6 0
.0 0 16 5 6 0
.0 0 0 0 3 3 0
.0 2 3 4 7 3 0
.0 0 3 4 1 2 0
.0 3 7 6 11 0
.0 0 5 6 9 10
.0 0 8 4 7 1 0
.0 0 2 7 8 9 0
.0 0 3 0 9 6 0
.0 0 2 4 9 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 4 3 0 1 0
.0 0 5 9 5 9 0
.0 11 5 0 1 0
.0 0 1 3 0 9 0
.0 0 0 6 5 5 0
.0 0 3 4 0 2 0
.0 0 4 7 0 5 0
.0 0 13 3 10
.0 3 8 7 0 8 0
.0 0 4 9 6 3 0
.0 1 0 5 0 5 0
.0 3 6 6 6 4 0
.0 0 1 6 6 6 0
.0 3 3 6 7 4 0
.0 0 11 13 0
.0 0 3 3 2 2 0
.0 1 2 6 4 7 0
.0 0 0 9 1 5 0
.0 0 1 4 5 0 0
.0 0 6 3 9 9 0
.0 3 2 5 7 6 0
.0 1 6 3 4 9 0
.0 0 3 4 3 7 0
.0 0 1 6 6 2 0
.0 0 3 8 9 2 0
. 0 0 5 6 13 C
.0 8 5 8 7 4 0
.0 0 0 7 8 9 0
.0 0 5 0 1 6 0
.0 0 0 2 9 0 0
.0 2 7 4 4 4 0
.0 4 2 9 6 9 0
.0 3 3 7 8 9 0
.0 0 0 6 8 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 9 0
.0 0 0 4 1 10
.0 0 0 3 7 5 0
.0 0 4 9 3 9 0
.0 18 3 9 7 0
.2 7 8 3 2 4 0
.0 0 0 3 4 7 0
.0 0 0 6 4 5 0
.0 0 0 0 4 1 0
.0 0 0 0 3 8 0
.0 1 5 4 9 9 0
.0 0 3 7 6 0 0
.0 0 6 4 0 5 0
.1 4 9 0 19 0
.0 0 0 1 7 8 0
.0 15 7 4 4 0
.0 0 1 8 9 9 0
.0 0 7 17 9 0
.0 0 12 2 3 0
.0 1 2 9 0 2 0
.0 0 4 2 6 3 0
.0 5 2 5 3 4 0
.0 0 1 4 2 8 0
.0 0 0 0 9 1 0
.0 8 7 7 3 9 0
.0 0 0 9 4 3 0
.0 1 4 1 7 5 0
.0 1 5 2 3 4 0
.0 0 11 0 6 0
.0 6 1 11 2 0
.0 0 5 0 6 8 0
.0 0 0 3 4 0 0
.0 0 3 6 5 0 0
.0 0 0 0 6 1 0
.0 0 0 4 0 2 0
.0 0 7 6 5 9 0
.0 5 8 1 0 0 0
.0 0 15 7 7 0
.0 0 8 8 4 4 0
.0 0 3 0 9 0 0
.0 0 7 7 6 10
.0 5 4 3 0 1 0
.0 0 4 5 0 10
.0 0 0 5 5 1 0
.0 1 1 9 1 2 0
.0 0 3 5 1 6 0
.0 0 6 2 1 2 0
.0 3 5 0 7 8 0
.0 0 4 1 9 8 0
.0 0 0 7 9 3 0
.0 1 3 5 6 8 0
.0 0 2 5 8 3 0
.0 0 6 9 7 0 0
.0 2 9 1 6 2 0
.0 0 3 5 2 5 0
.0 0 17 7 7 0
.0 0 8 2 1 4 0
.0 0 5 1 1 6 0
.0 0 8 5 9 5 0
.0 1 8 4 8 4 0
.0 0 2 8 5 4 0
.0 0 2 3 6 5 0
.0 1 5 0 9 5 0
.0 0 2 9 16 0
.0 0 9 6 4 3 0
.0 4 7 4 9 2 0
.0 0 4 7 7 0 0
.0 0 5 4 3 9 0
.0 0 9 6 4 2 0
.0 0 4 7 5 7 0
.0 0 3 9 3 4 0
.0 4 5 9 6 3 0
.0 0 4 9 1 5 0
.0 0 1 6 9 9 0
.0 1 4 4 8 8 0
.0 0 3 3 0 2 0
.0 0 3 7 9 4 0
.0 4 1 4 8 6 0
.0 0 6 2 7 9 0
.0 18 13 5 0
.0 0 1 8 6 6 0
.0 3 4 4 1 1 0
.0 0 0 2 2 1 0
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
.0 0 0 0 4 6 0
.0 0 1 2 0 2 0
.0 0 6 5 0 4 0
.0 0 1 2 3 0 0
.0 3 6 2 2 8 0
.0 0 1 5 6 1 0
.0 0 0 5 3 6 0
.0 0 0 0 3 1 0
.0 0 1 0 9 6 0
.0 0 2 2 7 8 0
.0 0 0 5 8 4 0
.0 3 3 7 6 3 0
.0 0 0 9 1 3 0
.0 0 0 4 14 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 1 0 7 1 0
.0 0 5 1 3 8 0
.0 6 0 7 7 9 0
.0 0 0 9 4 8 0
.0 0 0 3 9 0 0
.0 0 1 0 5 9 0
.0 0 3 9 5 4 0
.0 0 1 4 5 5 0
.0 3 7 7 7 7 0
.0 0 10 10 0
.0 0 0 8 12 0
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 0 11 8 3 0
.0 0 8 8 3 3 0
.0 0 12 7 3 0
.0 2 2 2 8 3 0
.0 0 0 0 9 7 0
.0 0 0 2 2 5 0
.0 0 0 0 3 6 0
.0 0 11 10 0
.0 11 5 6 10
.0 0 1 1 9 2 0
.0 5 7 0 17 0
• 0 0 3 16 8 0
.0 0 0 4 9 8 0
.0 0 0 0 3 5 0
.0 0 1 1 7 9 0
.0 0 3 0 6 8 0
.0 0 0 1 8 0 0
.0 2 9 9 9 8 0
.0 1 4 6 6 1 0
.0 0 1 5 0 0 0
.5 4 7 9 0 1 0
.0 0 2 10 2 0
.0 0 0 2 2 1 0
.0 3 9 2 9 7 0
.0 0 9 8 4 2 0
.0 0 0 9 9 3 0
.6 3 0 6 7 3 0
.0 0 1 4 4 8 0
.0 0 0 1 6 3 0
.0 6 4 8 8 9 0
.0 0 2 8 3 8 0
.0 0 0 4 4 2 0
.7 2 3 5 8 9 0
.0 0 0 8 8 3 0
.0 0 0 1 5 7 0
.0 2 3 5 3 8 0
.0 0 3 0 2 4 0
.0 0 0 9 7 8 0
.5 3 1 2 8 6 0
.0 0 0 6 9 1 0
.0 0 0 2 1 2 0
.0 5 7 9 3 1 0
.0 0 7 3 0 9 0
.0 0 1 0 4 7 0
.6 9 5 5 2 0 0
.0 0 1 0 4 2 0
.0 0 0 1 3 5 0
.0 4 0 0 2 0 0
.0 1 6 5 3 0 0
.0 0 1 6 9 6 0
.6 3 6 7 8 2 0
.0 0 1 9 5 4 0
.0 0 0 0 9 7 0
.0 4 7 3 4 5 0
.0 0 7 2 4 8 0
.0 0 0 8 1 3 0
.5 1 1 9 9 7 0
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FU R N ITU R E ..............................................................................
OTHER FU R N ITU R E AND F IX T U R E S ........................................................
PAPER AND A L L IE D P R O D U C T S ,E X C E P T C O N T A IN E R S . . .
PAPERBOARD C O N T A IN E R S AND BOXES .............................................
P R IN T IN G AND P U B L IS H IN G ...................................................................
CH E M IC A LS AND S E L E C T E D C H EM ICA L P RO D U CTS.......................
P L A S T IC S AND S Y N T H E T IC M A T E R IA L S .............................................
29.
30.
3 1.
32.
33.
34.
35.
D R U G S ,C L E A N IN G ANO T O IL E T P R E P A R A T IO N S ............................
P A IN T S AND A L L IE D PRO DU CTS.............................................................
PETROLEUM R E F IN IN G ANO R ELA TE D IN D U S T R IE S . . . .
RUBBER AND M IS CE LLA N E O U S P L A S T IC S P R O O U CT S. . . .
LEA T H E R TAN N IN G AND IN D U S T R IA L LEA TH ER PRODUCTS .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEA T H E R PROOUCTS ..................................
G L A S S ANO G L A S S PRO DU CTS...................................................................
3 6 . STONE AND C L A Y PRODUCTS ...................................................................
3 7 . PRIM ARY IRO N ANO S T E E L M AN U FACTU RING..................................
3 8 . PRIM ARY NONFERROUS M ETALS MANUFACTURING .......................
3 9 . METAL C O N T A IN E R S .........................................................................................
4 0 . H E A T IN G ,P L U M B IN G ANO STRU CTU RAL METAL P R O D U C T S . .
4 1 . S T A M P IN G S ,SCR E W M ACHINE PRODUCTS AND B O L T S . . . .
4 2 . OTHER F A B R IC A T E D METAL PRODUCTS .............................................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
E N G IN E S AND T U R B IN E S ..............................................................................
FARM M ACHINERY AND EQ U IP M E N T ........................................................
C O N S T R U C T IO N ,M IN IN G AND O IL F I E L D M ACHINERY . . .
M A T E R IA LS HAN DLIN G M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
METALWORKING M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M EN T ..................................
S P E C IA L IN O U ST R Y M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M EN T.......................
GENERAL IN D U S T R IA L M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
50.
5 1.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................................
O F F IC E ,C O M P U T IN G AND ACCO UNTING M A C H IN E S.......................
S E R V IC E IN D U STR Y M ACHINES .............................................................
E L E C T R IC IN D U S T R IA L EQUIPM ENT AND APPARATU S . . .
HOUSEHOLD A P P L IA N C E S ..............................................................................
E L E C T R IC L IG H T IN G AND W IR IN G EQ U IP M E N T ............................
R A O IO ,T E L E V IS IO N AND COMM UNICATION E Q U IP M E N T . . .
5 7 . E L E C T R O N IC COMPONENTS AND A C C E S S O R IE S ............................
5 8 . M IS CE LLA N E O U S E L E C T R IC A L M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T .
5 9 . MOTOR V E H IC L E S AND E Q U IP M EN T........................................................
6 0 . A IR C R A F T AND P A R T S ...................................................................................
6 1 . OTHER TRAN SPO R TATIO N E Q U IP M EN T..................................................
6 2 . S C I E N T I F I C AND C O N T R O LLIN G IN S TR U M E N T S............................
6 3 . O P T IC A L ,O P T H A L M IC AND PHO TO GRAPHIC E Q U IP M E N T . . .
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
7 8 . FE D E R A L GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S ...................................................
7 9 . S T A TE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S .............................
8 0 . GROSS IM PO RTS OF GOODS AND S E R V IC E S ..................................
8 1 . B U S IN E S S T R A V E L ,E N T E R T A IN M E N T AND G I F T S .......................
8 2 . O F F IC E S U P P L IE S .........................................................................................
T O T A L 4 ....................................................................................................................
.0 0 0 1 6 2 0
-
.0 0 0 0 6 1 0
-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
•
.
-
•
M IS CE LLA N E O U S MANUFACTURING ........................................................
TRA N SPO R TA TIO N AND W AREHOUSING..................................................
C O M M U N IC A T IO N S,E X C E P T B R O A D C A ST IN G .......................................
R A D IO AND T E L E V IS IO N B RO AD CASTIN G ........................................
E L E C T R IC ,G A S ,W A T E R AND SA N ITA R Y S E R V I C E S . . . . .
WHOLESALE AND R E T A IL T R A D E .............................................................
F IN A N C E AND IN SURANCE ........................................................................
7 1 . REAL E ST A T E AND R E N T A L ........................................................................
7 2 . H O T E L S ,P E R S O N A L ANO R E P A IR S E R V IC E S ,E X C E P T AUTO .
7 3 . B U S IN E S S S E R V IC E S ...................................................................................
7 4 . R ES EA R CH ANO D EVELO PM EN T...................................................................
7 5 . AUTOMOBILE R E P A IR AND S E R V I C E S ..................................................
7 6 . AMUSEMENTS.........................................................................................................
7 7 . M E D IC A L ,E D U C A T IO N A L AND NO N PR O FIT O R G A N IZ A T IO N S .
_
A ir c r a f t
and
p a rts
.
•
-
-
.0 0 2 7 1 0 0
.0 0 0 2 4 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
-
-
.0 1 3 1 1 4 0
-
Se e fo o tno tes on p . 1 3 1 .
113
T A B L E D -13.
D IR E C T R EQ U IREM EN TS PER D O L LA R O F GROSS OUTPUT, 19 8 0 1— Continued
__________________________ ( P r o d u c e r s v a lu e s - 19 5 8 d o lla r s 2_______________________________
M is c e lla
n eo us
m an u fac
tu r in g
In d u s t r y n u m b e r and t i t l e 3
64
_
T ra n sp o r
ta tio n and
w are
h o u s in g
C o m m u n i
c a tio n s ,
e x ce p t
b ro ad
c a s tin g
R a d io and
t e le v is io n
b ro ad
c a s tin g
E le c t r ic ,
g a s , w a te r
and
s a n it a r y
s e r v ic e s
W h o le s a le
and
r e t a il
tr a d e
F in a n c e
and
in s u r a n c e
65
66
67
68
69
70
.
.0 0 0 1 4 0 0
.0 1 4 1 8 7 0
_
.0 0 1 5 9 2 0
.0 0 0 0 4 4 0
.
.0 0 0 2 3 4 0
_
-
_
.0 0 4 0 1 3 0
-
.0 5 0 9 0 6 0
.0 0 0 0 1 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 2 0
.0 1 6 5 6 9 0
.0 0 0 0 12 0
.0 0 0 0 2 1 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 4 0 0
.0 0 6 9 0 0 0
.0 0 0 0 9 2 0
.0 0 5 5 3 7 0
_
.0 0 4 4 3 3 0
-
.0 0 0 0 6 0 0
.0 0 0 3 1 5 0
.0 0 0 5 0 0 0
.0 0 0 0 16 0
_
.0 0 11 7 9 0
.0 0 14 9 7 0
-
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 0 1 2 7 0
-
.0 0 0 0 2 5 0
.0 0 0 0 9 2 0
.0 0 0 2 5 0 0
.0 0 0 4 9 0 0
.0 0 0 3 5 4 0
.0 0 0 5 5 7 0
.0 0 0 4 0 8 0
_
•C 0 0 8 3 9 C
.C G 0 0 11C
.0 0 10 6 5 0
-
_
.0 0 9 6 7 2 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
_
.0 0 5 3 3 8 0
.0 0 12 8 5 0
.0 0 6 3 9 9 0
.0 3 0 2 2 2 0
"
.0 0 0 0 0 2 0
.0 0 0 7 9 6 0
.0 0 0 0 2 5 0
.0 0 0 2 5 8 0
.0 0 11 0 8 0
.0 0 0 0 9 6 0
.0 0 0 1 0 8 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
.0 0 4 6 12 0
.0 0 3 5 6 1 0
.0 0 2 4 1 3 0
.0 0 0 0 3 5 0
.0 0 3 8 2 7 0
• C 0 0 9 2 1C
.0 1 5 1 1 2 0
-
.0 0 0 3 6 2 0
.0 0 1 0 9 8 0
.0 3 2 8 0 4 0
.0 0 6 8 4 5 0
.0 0 0 0 6 7 0
.0 0 0 0 1 0 0
.0 0 0 1 5 7 0
.0 0 0 0 8 6 0
.0 0 1 3 9 3 0
.0 0 0 5 4 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 8 0
.0 0 0 0 2 9 0
.0 0 0 0 3 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
.0 0 6 2 2 2 0
.0 0 1 0 4 6 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 1 4 7 7 0
.0 0 0 2 4 1 0
.0 0 6 6 6 2 0
.0 0 5 7 8 8 0
.0 0 0 0 1 9 0
.0 0 0 1 5 6 0
.0 0 0 9 4 5 0
• C 0 0 4 5 1C
.0 0 2 9 8 2 0
.0 0 2 0 2 6 0
.0 0 0 0 3 1 0
-
.0 0 2 0 9 2 0
.0 2 2 0 0 8 0
.0 4 3 7 5 8 0
.0 0 0 3 4 2 0
.0 0 8 4 4 1 0
.0 1 5 5 1 3 0
.0 0 0 1 1 3 0
.0 0 0 8 6 4 0
.0 0 1 4 0 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 6 0
.0 0 0 3 8 7 0
.0 0 1 1 8 9 0
_
.0 0 1 9 4 4 0
.0 0 0 2 4 8 0
*
.0 0 1 1 6 9 0
.0 0 0 8 9 6 0
.0 0 0 2 9 0 0
.0 0 5 3 9 0 0
.0 0 1 2 0 2 0
.0 0 0 0 7 4 0
.0 0 0 1 6 2 0
.0 0 0 0 7 0 0
.0 0 0 9 9 4 0
.0 0 0 3 8 1 0
.0 0 0 6 2 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 0 0 2 4 0 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 0 0 0 1 1 0
.0 0 0 6 9 4 0
.0 0 0 3 0 3 0
.0 0 0 9 4 4 0
.0 0 2 2 4 3 0
_
-
-
.0 0 0 0 8 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 0 0 5 3 1 0
.0 0 0 6 7 7 0
.0 0 0 4 3 9 0
-
-
.0 0 0 1 1 0 0
-
.0 0 0 1 0 7 0
.0 0 0 1 5 2 0
.0 0 0 2 5 5 0
.0 0 0 17 5 0
.0 0 0 1 4 6 0
.0 0 0 2 9 6 0
.0 0 0 3 0 7 0
.0 0 0 3 0 1 0
.0 0 0 2 1 5 0
.0 0 0 0 6 7 0
.0 0 0 9 3 5 0
.0 0 0 2 1 7 0
.0 0 0 6 0 5 0
_
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 9 7 4 2 0
.0 2 6 2 2 6 0
.0 0 1 1 5 2 0
.0 0 0 5 1 0 0
.0 0 0 1 3 1 0
.0 0 0 3 3 3 0
.0 0 0 3 3 3 0
.0 0 13 0 9 0
.0 0 0 7 5 7 0
.0 0 0 2 4 6 0
.0 0 0 5 0 2 0
.0 0 0 1 8 9 0
.0 0 0 8 3 2 0
_
• C 0 0 5 17 C
.0 0 0 9 9 5 0
L IV E S T O C K AND L IV E S T O C K P RO D U CTS. . . . . . . .
OTHER A G R IC U LT U R A L PRODUCTS ..................................................
FO R E ST R Y AND F IS H E R Y PROOUCTS .............................................
A G R IC U L T U R A L * F O R E S T R Y ANO F IS H E R Y S E R V I C E S . . .
IR O N AND FE R R O A LLO Y ORES M IN IN G . . . . . . . .
NONFERROUS METAL ORES M IN IN G ..................................................
COAL M IN IN G ..............................................................................................
.0 0 1 2 2 9 0
.0 0 0 4 7 9 0
.0 0 0 1 3 2 0
8.
9.
10 .
11.
12 .
13 .
14 .
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .......................................
STONE AND C L A Y M IN IN G AND Q UARRYING ............................
C H EM ICA L AND F E R T I L I Z E R M IN ERAL M IN IN G .......................
NEW C O N S T R U C T IO N ...................................................................................
M AINTENANCE AND R E P A IR CO N STR U CTIO N .............................
ORDNANCE AND A C C E S S O R IE S .............................................................
FOOO AND K IN D R E D PRODUCTS . ..................................................
.0 0 0 0 6 8 0
• 0000070
.0 0 2 5 8 9 0
.0 0 0 0 8 5 0
.0 0 13 0 8 0
_
.0 0 0 0 3 9 0
.0 0 0 0 2 6 0
.0 1 4 9 8 0 0
.0 0 2 8 9 3 0
_
.0 2 4 8 2 6 0
-
1 5 . TOBACCO M ANUFACTURES........................................................................
1 6 . BROAD AND NARROW F A B R IC S ,Y A R N AND THREAO M I L L S .
1 7 . M IS C E LLA N E O U S T E X T I L E GOODS AND FLOOR C O V E R IN G S
1 8 . AP PA R EL .........................................................................................................
1 9 . M IS C E LLA N E O U S F A B R IC A T E D T E X T I L E PRODUCTS . . .
2 0 . LUMBER AND WOOD P R O D U C T S ,E X C E P T C O N T A IN E R S . . .
2 1 . WOODEN C O N T A IN E R S ..............................................................................
.0 0 0 0 8 9 0
.0 1 6 5 7 7 0
.0 0 6 1 1 6 0
.0 0 1 3 5 5 0
.0 0 1 0 4 2 0
.0 1 5 9 2 9 0
.0 0 0 1 3 9 0
.0 0 0 1 9 5 0
.0 0 0 4 7 7 0
.0 0 0 119 0
.0 0 0 4 0 0 0
.0 0 0 2 5 2 0
.0 0 0 2 2 5 0
.0 0 0 2 10 0
.0 0 0 6 1 10
.0 1 9 8 5 6 0
.0 3 4 7 2 2 0
.0 0 4 8 4 5 0
.0 0 7 6 9 7 0
.0 3 5 8 4 5 0
.0 0 0 9 8 0 0
.0 0 0 2 4 8 0
.0 0 2 2 4 2 0
.0 0 1 0 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 2 7 0 0 0
.0 0 6 9 8 1 0
.0 0 2 8 2 5 0
.0 5 6 6 4 1 0
.0 0 4 2 0 0 0
.0 0 3 9 8 7 0
.0 0 3 4 8 7 0
2 2 . HOUSEHOLD F U R N IT U R E ........................................................................
2 3 . OTHER FU R N IT U R E AND F IX T U R E S ..................................................
2 4 . PAPER AND A L L IE D P R O D U C T S ,E X C E P T C O N T A IN E R S . .
2 5 . PAPERBOARD C O N T A IN E R S AND BOXES .......................................
2 6 . P R IN T IN G AND P U B L IS H IN G .............................................................
2 7 . C H E M IC A LS AND S E L E C T E D CH EM ICA L P R O D U CT S. . . .
2 8 . P L A S T IC S AND S Y N T H E T IC M A T E R IA L S .......................................
2 9 . D R U G S ,C L E A N IN G AND T O IL E T P R E P A R A T IO N S .......................
3 0 . P A IN T S AND A L L IE D P RO D U CTS........................................................
3 1 . PETROLEUM R E F IN IN G ANO R ELA TE D IN D U S T R IE S . . .
3 2 . RUBBER AND M IS CE LLA N E O U S P L A S T IC S P R O D U C T S. . .
3 3 . LEA T H E R TAN N IN G AND IN D U S T R IA L LEA T H E R PRODUCTS
3 4 . FOOTWEAR AND OTHER L EA T H E R PRODUCTS ............................
3 5 . G L A S S AND G L A SS P RO D U CTS.............................................................
_
• .
. .
• .
.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
4 1.
42.
STONE ANO C L A Y PRODUCTS .............................................................
PRIM ARY IR O N AND S T E E L M AN U FACTU R ING. . . . . .
PRIM ARY NONFERROUS M ETALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL C O N T A IN E R S ...................................................................................
H E A T IN G ,P L U M B IN G AND STRU CTU RAL METAL P R O D U CT S.
S T A M P IN G S ,SCR E W M ACHINE PRODUCTS AND B O L T S . . .
OTHER F A B R IC A T E D METAL PRODUCTS .......................................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
E N G IN E S AND T U R B IN E S ........................................................................
FARM M ACHINERY AND EQ U IPM EN T...................................................
C O N S T R U C T IO N ,M IN IN G AND O IL F IE L O M ACHINERY . . .
M A T E R IA L S H AN DLIN G M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . •
METALW ORKING M ACHINERY AND EQ U IP M EN T............................
S P E C IA L IN D U STR Y M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . . .
GENERAL IN D U S T R IA L M ACHINERY AND E Q U IP M E N T . . .
.
.
.
.
.G C 0 0 4 8 0
.0 0 0 9 9 7 0
.0 0 0 0 4 2 0
.0 0 0 0 5 1 0
_
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
-
-
-
-
.0 0 0 0 1 1 0
-
-
-
.0 0 1 2 8 7 0
.0 0 0 5 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 2 2 0
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
• •
.0 0 3 0 14 0
.0 0 6 9 7 7 0
.0 0 0 2 8 0 0
.0 0 5 4 0 5 0
.0 0 2 5 4 7 0
.0 0 2 8 3 2 0
.0 0 2 8 8 9 0
57.
58.
59.
60.
6 1.
62.
63.
E L E C T R O N IC COMPONENTS AND A C C E S S O R IE S .......................
M IS C E LL A N E O U S E L E C T R IC A L M ACHINERY AND EQUIPM ENT . .
MOTOR V E H IC L E S AND E Q U IP M E N T ..................................................
A IR C R A F T AND P A R T S ..............................................................................
OTHER TRA N SPO R TA TIO N EQ U IPM EN T.............................................
S C I E N T I F I C AND C O N T R O LLIN G IN S TR U M E N T S.......................
O P T IC A L ,O P T H A L M IC AND PHO TO GRAPHIC E Q U IP M E N T . . • •
.0 0 2 9 7 6 0
.0 0 0 1 8 5 0
.0 1 0 3 9 8 0
.0 0 0 6 9 3 0
.0 0 15 18 0
.0 0 0 9 14 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 15 0 7 0
.0 0 2 3 0 0 0
.0 0 2 6 3 8 0
.0 0 5 9 4 8 0
.0 0 6 5 0 3 0
.0 0 0 4 5 4 0
.0 0 0 0 0 1 0
.0 0 0 8 3 4 0
.0 0 0 4 1 0 0
.0 0 0 3 3 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 4 0
-
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
-
.0 0 0 1 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 1 9 0
.0 0 0 0 3 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 2 0
.0 0 0 0 4 8 0
.0 0 0 0 0 6 0
.0 0 0 15 0 0
.0 0 0 5 3 2 0
.0 0 1 9 3 0 0
.0 0 0 5 3 10
.0 0 0 1 0 4 0
.0 0 0 2 4 1 0
.0 0 3 1 7 3 0
• C 0 0 0 7 7C
.0 0 0 2 9 3 0
-
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
M IS C E LL A N E O U S M ANUFACTURING ..................................................
T R A N SPO R TA TIO N AND W AREHOUSING.............................................
C O M M U N IC A T IO N S,E X C E P T B R O A D CA ST IN G ..................................
R A D IO AND T E L E V IS IO N B RO AD CASTIN G ..................................
E L E C T R IC ,G A S ,W A T E R AND SA N ITA R Y S E R V I C E S . . . .
W HOLESALE AND R E T A IL TR A D E ........................................................
F IN A N C E AND INSUR AN CE ...................................................................
.0 5 5 8 1 3 0
.0 14 0 3 1 0
.0 0 5 5 4 8 0
.0 0 5 4 0 9 0
.0 5 4 1 5 8 0
.0 0 8 3 0 8 0
.0 0 1 4 5 3 0
.0 6 7 8 3 9 0
.0 2 2 0 9 0 0
.0 0 8 7 5 5 0
.0 2 9 9 9 8 0
.0 1 9 8 4 7 0
.0 0 0 8 0 1 0
.0 0 1 3 4 1 0
.0 2 7 6 5 6 0
.0 0 6 4 3 4 0
.0 0 4 3 1 7 0
.0 0 4 3 8 3 0
.0 0 5 9 9 1 0
.0 0 1 5 5 2 0
.0 6 6 3 4 2 0
.0 0 2 6 2 9 0
• 00 42C CC
.0 1 2 0 1 6 0
.0 0 7 8 4 2 0
.0 0 0 3 1 9 0
.0 1 2 9 4 1 0
.0 0 2 5 7 7 0
.1 9 8 4 9 2 0
.0 1 2 0 4 7 0
.0 0 5 2 5 6 0
.0 0 1 1 5 4 0
.0 0 3 3 9 5 0
.0 17 17 8 0
.0 3 5 0 4 1 0
.0 1 6 2 7 3 0
.0 15 3 8 6 0
.0 0 0 8 7 6 0
.0 0 8 3 7 1 0
.0 2 2 1 1 4 0
.0 0 5 3 6 7 0
.0 0 9 8 5 6 0
.1 9 6 5 7 6 0
7 1 . R EA L E S T A T E AND R E N T A L ...................................................................
7 2 . H O T E L S ,P E R S O N A L AND R E P A IR S E R V IC E S ,E X C E P T AUTO . .
7 3 . B U S IN E S S S E R V IC E S ..............................................................................
7 4 . R ES EA R CH AND D EV ELO PM EN T.............................................................
7 5 . AUTOM OBILE R E P A IR AND S E R V IC E S .............................................
7 6 . AMUSEM ENTS...................................................................................................
7 7 . M E O IC A L ,E D U C A T IO N A L AND N O N PRO FIT O R G A N IZA T IO N S • •
.0 1 2 4 1 3 0
.0 0 16 2 9 0
.0 4 0 8 1 2 0
.0 0 1 4 4 1 0
.0 0 12 2 1 0
.0 0 0 0 3 9 0
.0 0 1 1 4 2 0
.0 2 7 7 5 5 0
.0 2 4 0 1 0 0
.0 0 0 2 3 9 0
.0 2 9 8 2 4 0
.0 0 1 1 6 7 0
.0 0 11 0 1 0
.0 1 2 1 9 9 0
.0 3 1 9 0 8 0
.0 0 0 2 0 6 0
.0 0 1 2 3 3 0
.0 0 0 2 6 8 0
.0 0 0 8 9 0 0
.0 4 6 6 5 4 0
.0 4 7 4 2 8 0
.0 0 0 3 8 7 0
.0 0 0 9 4 0 0
.3 7 6 7 6 1 0
.0 0 115 6 0
.0 0 2 5 4 0 0
.0 2 0 8 3 9 0
.0 0 0 2 3 1 0
.0 0 0 9 4 3 0
.0 0 0 9 7 1 0
.0 4 7 16 2 0
.0 0 2 2 6 9 0
.0 5 6 9 7 7 0
.0 0 0 2 3 3 0
.0 12 12 4 0
.0 0 1 0 6 5 0
.0 0 1 1 5 1 0
.0 7 2 0 4 0 0
.0 9 2 2 9 7 0
• C 0 0 2 30 C
.0 0 2 8 7 3 0
.0 0 0 2 0 0 0
.0 0 6 3 4 1 0
78.
79.
80.
8 1.
82.
.0 0 15 6 2 0
.0 0 0 2 2 1 0
.1 0 8 8 6 4 0
.0 0 8 8 4 2 0
.0 0 13 2 9 0
.6 8 9 5 3 2 0
.0 0 15 6 2 0
.0 2 19 9 4 0
.0 3 9 1 4 5 0
.0 0 3 2 2 9 0
.0 0 1 6 4 4 0
.3 9 7 8 2 4 0
.0 0 3 9 8 4 0
.0 0 0 4 1 6 0
.0 0 3 1 6 8 0
.0 0 3 6 7 7 0
.0 0 3 9 2 4 0
.1 5 7 8 2 3 0
.0 0 0 5 6 8 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
.0 1 8 5 3 7 0
.1 1 3 2 7 1 0
.0 0 3 6 6 10
.0 0 2 2 2 9 0
.0 0 1 0 4 7 0
.4 9 7 8 6 1 0
.0 0 9 4 8 3 0
.0 0 3 6 7 5 0
.0 0 0 2 1 4 0
.0 1 2 1 6 0 0
.0 0 2 7 9 7 0
.2 9 6 0 0 8 0
.0 11 8 3 5 0
.0 0 2 7 0 3 0
.0 0 4 8 7 5 0
.0 1 0 4 5 8 0
.0 0 6 6 5 0 0
.4 8 7 4 7 6 0
5 0 . M ACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ............................................................. .
5 1 . O F F IC E ,C O M P U T IN G AND ACCO U NTING M A C H IN E S . . . .
5 2 . S E R V IC E IN D U STR Y M ACHINES ........................................................
5 3 . E L E C T R IC IN D U S T R IA L EQU IPM ENT AND APPARATUS . .
5 4 . HOUSEHOLD A P P L IA N C E S ........................................................................
5 5 . E L E C T R IC L IG H T IN G AND W IR IN G E Q U IP M EN T.......................
5 6 . R A D I O ,T E L E V IS IO N AND COMM UNICATION E Q U IP M E N T . .
FE D E R A L GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S .............................................
S T A T E AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT E N T E R P R IS E S .......................
GROSS IM PO RTS OF GOOOS AND S E R V IC E S ............................
B U S IN E S S T R A V E L ,E N T E R T A IN M E N T AND G I F T S . . . .
O F F IC E S U P P L IE S ...................................................................................
T O T A L4 ...............................................................................................................
See fo o tno te s on p . 1 3 1 .
114
.
.
-
.0 14 8 7 6 0
.0 0 1 4 3 2 0
.6 6 9 8 6 0 0
_
TABLE D-13.
DIRECT REQUIREMENTS PER DOLLAR OF GROSS OUTPUT, 19801— Continued
(P r o d u c e r s v a lu e s -
Industry n u m b er and t it l e 3
R ea l estate
and rental
71
1 9 5 8 d o lla r s ) 2
H otels,
person a l
and repair'
se r v ice s ,
ex cep t
auto
72
_
-
76
M e d ic a l,
edu ca tiona l
and
n on p rofit
o r g a n iz a
tions
77
-
_
.0 0 1 3 7 5 0
.0 0 3 7 6 7 0
.0 0 0 5 6 4 0
-
.0 0 0 1 9 5 0
.0 0 0 2 3 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
-
.0 1 3 4 2 1 0
-
.0 1 9 6 2 0 0
"
.0 2 6 4 7 0 0
.0 0 7 3 7 4 0
B u sin ess
s e r v ic e s
R esearch
and
d e v e lo p
ment®
73
74
_
.0 0 1 0 0 5 0
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS...............................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS .........................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ....................................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . . . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES M IN IN G ...............................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING. . . .
.....................................
COAL M IN IN G ............................................................................. ....
.0 1 0 1 0 0 0
.0 1 2 6 1 2 0
.0 0 0 0 2 5 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
.0 0 0 0 8 0 0
.0 0 0 0 8 2 0
.0 0 0 1 7 3 0
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..............................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ....................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION.......................................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ....................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................................
.0 0 1 9 1 6 0
.0 0 0 1 3 4 0
.0 0 0 0 2 3 0
.0 5 8 8 9 1 0
.0 0 0 0 6 6 0
.0 0 1 0 0 1 0
.0 0 2 5 4 0 0
.0 0 1 0 6 7 0
.0 0 0 6 2 9 0
-
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.............................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ............................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .....................
LUMBER ANO WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS.....................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..................................................................................
.0 0 0 0 2 6 0
.0 0 0 2 6 0 0
.0 0 0 0 9 4 0
.0 0 0 3 8 7 0
.0 0 0 0 4 1 0
.0 0 0 3 8 1 0
.0 0 0 0 1 3 0
.0 1 0 2 5 2 0
.0 0 1 9 9 3 0
.0 0 7 3 6 3 0
.0 0 9 6 1 5 0
.0 0 0 3 8 7 0
“
.0 0 0 4 7 3 0
.0 0 0 1 3 0 0
.0 0 0 6 3 3 0
-
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .............................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.........................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS ANO BOXES . . . . .
.....................
PRINTING ANO PUBLISHING ...................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS..........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..............................................
.0 0 0 0 3 9 0
.0 0 0 0 1 4 0
.0 0 0 1 6 8 0
.0 0 0 1 4 6 0
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 0 1 2 3 6 0
.0 0 0 1 7 0 0
.0 0 0 7 5 9 0
.0 0 0 2 0 1 0
.0 1 1 9 1 9 0
.0 0 1 5 5 2 0
.0 0 0 5 4 4 0
.0 0 8 2 0 8 0
-
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING ANO RELATED INDUSTRIES .....................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS.....................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .....................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................................
.0 0 0 5 4 1 0
.0 0 0 1 7 6 0
.0 0 4 3 4 5 0
.0 0 0 7 1 1 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 0 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.....................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ..........................
METAL CONTAINERS.......................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.....................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ...............................................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
A u tom ob ile
re p a ir and
s e r v ic e s
75
-
A m use
m ents
•00036CC
.0 0 0 4 3 4 0
~
.0 0 2 1 4 6 0
.0 0 0 1 3 3 0
.0 0 2 0 9 1 0
-
•C0C5940
.0 0 0 8 6 5 0
-
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
• C00107C
.0 0 1 0 4 5 0
.0 0 1 5 6 1 0
.0 0 1 3 6 5 0
.0 0 0 1 3 5 0
.0 0 2 1 2 4 0
.0 0 0 2 6 4 0
.1 2 7 7 9 8 0
.0 0 0 4 5 3 0
-
.0 0 1 2 6 5 0
.00C 304C
.0 0 0 0 9 0 0
-
.0 0 0 4 1 3 0
.0 0 0 1 1 9 0
.0 0 1 3 0 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
-
.0 0 0 5 9 5 0
.0 0 0 1 4 2 0
.0 0 3 5 5 3 0
-
.0 0 3 7 1 9 0
.0 0 0 8 9 6 0
.0 1 4 4 3 4 0
.0 0 0 3 9 9 0
-
.0 1 6 0 3 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 8 0
.0 1 1 1 4 7 0
.0 0 5 7 1 5 0
. CC04730
.0 0 0 2 5 3 0
.0 0 0 9 6 6 0
.0 0 3 4 0 3 0
.0 0 2 1 4 0 0
.0 0 0 0 1 3 0
“
.0 0 1 1 5 8 0
.0 0 3 2 3 0 0
-
.0 0 1 2 6 4 0
.0 0 8 0 9 1 0
.0 0 3 4 1 9 0
.0 3 4 6 8 2 0
.0 0 0 0 0 5 0
.0 1 2 0 5 1 0
.0 0 0 1 7 6 0
.0 0 0 6 4 9 0
.0 0 0 3 0 5 0
.0 0 1 4 6 2 0
-
.0 5 2 9 8 9 0
.0 0 2 9 8 3 0
.0 0 2 8 5 8 0
.0 0 0 0 9 6 0
.0 0 0 2 7 0 0
.0 0 0 3 1 6 0
.0 0 0 3 2 3 0
.0 0 0 1 7 6 0
.0 0 0 0 4 0 0
.0 0 0 1 4 8 0
.0 0 0 0 7 2 0
.0 0 0 1 0 7 0
.0 0 4 2 3 4 0
.0 0 0 5 1 4 0
.0 0 2 2 6 7 0
.0 0 0 0 0 7 0
.0 0 0 5 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 2 5 0
-
.0 0 4 9 4 2 0
.0 1 4 2 0 9 0
-
ENGINES AND TURBINES.............................................................................
FARM MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT.........................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT....................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
.0 0 0 0 7 0 0
.0 0 0 0 8 0 0
.0 0 0 1 1 0 0
.0 0 0 0 8 9 0
.0 0 0 5 4 4 0
.0 0 0 1 5 4 0
.0 0 0 1 4 6 0
_
.0 0 0 3 4 8 0
.0 0 0 0 4 3 0
.0 0 2 6 5 3 0
.0 0 2 7 4 6 0
.0 0 0 5 2 3 0
.0 0 0 5 8 7 0
-
_
-
_
.0 0 0 1 1 9 0
-
_
"
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES..........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.............................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING ANO WIRING EQUIPMENT...............................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
.0 0 0 1 6 4 0
.0 0 0 1 2 4 0
.0 0 0 2 1 9 0
.0 0 0 1 1 1 0
.0 0 0 3 4 9 0
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 0 2 2 7 0
.0 0 3 4 9 9 0
.0 0 0 5 6 5 0
.0 1 0 9 7 8 0
.0 0 0 6 4 0 0
.0 0 0 9 3 6 0
.0 0 0 0 1 9 0
.0 4 5 6 9 6 0
.0 0 5 9 3 9 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 3 9 3 4 0
.0 0 0 3 8 2 0
-
.0 1 3 0 4 9 0
.0 0 0 8 0 1 0
.0 0 4 4 0 3 0
-
-
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT....................................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...............................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
.0 0 0 3 2 0 0
.0 0 0 0 5 8 0
.0 0 0 3 0 4 0
.0 0 0 2 1 3 0
.0 0 0 0 9 3 0
.0 0 0 1 9 1 0
.0 0 0 0 7 1 0
.0 3 9 5 3 3 0
.0 0 0 3 2 0 0
.0 0 0 6 0 3 0
.0 0 7 2 0 8 0
.0 0 8 2 4 5 0
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 0 0 1 6 2 0
.0 0 0 1 6 6 0
.0 0 0 4 8 0 0
.0 0 8 5 6 2 0
.0 2 7 2 8 9 0
.0 0 0 8 7 2 0
-
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 1 6 0 0 0 0
.1 6 0 9 5 5 0
.0 0 0 9 8 1 0
.0 0 2 7 6 4 0
.0 0 0 9 3 8 0
.0 0 0 1 3 6 0
.0 0 4 1 3 6 0
.0 0 0 6 6 1 0
.0 0 0 5 5 1 0
.0 0 0 0 7 8 0
.0 0 0 7 0 3 0
.0 0 7 8 8 6 0
.0 0 4 5 3 4 0
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING . . ..............................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING....................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..........................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING..........................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES..........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................................
.0 0 0 2 3 4 0
.0 0 5 9 2 7 0
.0 0 4 0 2 5 0
.0 0 0 2 2 8 0
.0 0 4 1 6 9 0
.0 1 7 6 0 4 0
.0 3 2 2 1 3 0
.0 2 1 9 3 5 0
.0 0 6 9 7 6 0
.0 0 7 4 4 0 0
.0 2 0 0 1 1 0
.0 4 3 5 6 8 0
.0 1 5 6 9 1 0
.0 0 8 2 8 2 0
.0 0 3 4 4 0 0
.0 6 6 3 4 2 0
.0 2 9 3 8 8 0
.0 1 0 3 1 4 0
.1 8 3 4 6 4 0
.0 0 9 1 8 5 0
.0 0 1 0 0 8 0
.0 0 0 3 5 5 0
.0 0 0 4 2 1 0
.0 0 2 2 2 3 0
.0 0 0 9 0 4 0
.0 0 0 2 3 5 0
.0 0 8 8 5 5 0
.0 0 8 2 2 1 0
.0 3 4 6 8 8 0
.0 8 6 5 9 4 0
.0 2 5 2 9 6 0
.0 1 5 8 1 9 0
.0 0 3 7 4 8 0
.0 0 6 1 4 8 0
.0 0 7 7 3 7 0
.0 1 2 6 8 1 0
.0 2 2 0 8 2 0
.0 0 1 4 6 0 0
.0 0 4 9 8 4 0
.0 1 0 3 4 1 0
.0 3 3 3 8 1 0
.0 1 8 8 8 5 0
.0 1 1 2 5 7 0
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES....................................................
AMUSEMENTS......................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
.0 1 8 9 7 0 0
.0 0 4 2 2 4 0
.0 2 3 2 2 5 0
.0 0 0 2 3 3 0
.0 0 1 6 0 2 0
.0 0 1 6 7 5 0
.0 0 0 7 3 2 0
.0 4 3 0 2 0 0
.0 2 9 1 1 7 0
.0 3 2 9 7 4 0
.0 0 0 2 4 1 0
.0 1 0 8 2 1 0
.0 0 1 1 5 2 0
.0 2 6 8 3 9 0
.0 0 3 9 3 7 0
.0 3 8 1 2 4 0
.0 0 0 2 3 0 0
.0 0 3 8 4 0 0
.0 0 1 1 3 2 0
.0 0 0 1 3 8 0
.0 0 2 0 2 0 0
.0 1 5 2 0 1 0
.0 0 0 2 0 9 0
.0 0 0 9 9 4 0
-
.0 3 6 3 1 4 0
.0 2 4 6 0 2 0
.0 0 0 2 5 2 0
.0 1 8 9 5 2 0
.0 0 1 1 5 2 0
.0 4 6 6 2 9 0
.0 4 4 7 7 5 0
.2 4 8 5 3 5 0
.0 0 1 1 4 4 0
.0 6 3 5 5 7 0
.0 0 4 8 5 1 0
.0 3 2 2 1 5 0
. C01757C
.0 0 1 6 8 7 0
.0 0 3 8 9 9 0
.0 1 5 5 9 7 0
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES....................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES . ...............................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ..........................
OFFICE SUPPLIES .......................................................................................
TOTAL4 .................................................................................................................
.0 0 4 2 0 6 0
.0 0 6 8 4 0 0
.0 0 0 6 8 6 0
.0 0 0 5 6 2 0
.2 2 7 2 7 1 0
.0 0 0 5 5 4 0
.0 0 1 5 5 8 0
.0 0 9 4 0 0 0
.0 0 2 0 4 9 0
.4 1 6 4 6 8 0
.0 2 0 4 0 2 0
.0 0 0 2 4 0 0
.0 0 5 2 1 9 0
.0 1 0 5 4 6 0
.6 3 4 0 3 9 0
.0 0 2 3 4 8 0
.0 6 1 0 6 7 0
.0 0 0 4 3 2 0
.0 0 2 7 8 0 0
.0 0 2 7 9 1 0
.0 0 0 5 2 1 0
.5 5 1 3 7 1 0
.0 0 0 5 3 1 0
.0 0 0 2 1 7 0
.0 2 7 6 8 3 0
.0 1 1 3 6 4 0
.0 0 1 5 4 7 0
.4 8 8 1 4 2 0
.0 0 0 6 7 2 0
.0 0 0 5 5 1 0
.0 0 0 2 2 4 0
.0 1 4 7 3 7 0
.0 0 4 9 5 7 0
.3 5 8 6 5 6 0
See
fo o tn o te s
on p.
-
-
.0 0 0 0 0 3 0
.0 0 0 7 7 4 0
.0 0 0 0 1 7 0
_
-
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
.0 0 0 3 8 7 0
•CC00020
.0 0 0 8 9 5 0
131.
115
TABLE D-13.
DIRECT REQUIREMENTS PER DOLLAR OF GROSS OUTPUT, 19801— Continued
(P r o d u c e r s v a lu e s -
Industry n u m ber and t it l e 3
F ederal
g overn m en t
en ter
p r is e s
78
1 95 8 d o lla r s )2
State and
G ross
lo c a l
im p o rts o f
govern m en t
goods and
en ter
s e r v ic e s
p r is e s
80
79
l.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AN0 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS...............................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS .........................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ....................................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY ANO FISHERY SERVICES.....................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ...............................................
non fe r ro u s METAL ORES MINING.........................................................
COAL MINING ..................................................................................................
.0 0 0 4 3 3 0
.1 4 5 7 4 6 0
.0 0 0 4 4 0 0
.0 1 2 2 2 5 0
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ...............................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ....................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING................................
NEW CONSTRUCTION.......................................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .....................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................................
.0 0 0 1 0 0 0
.0 0 3 1 5 5 0
.0 6 4 5 2 6 0
.2 2 0 0 6 5 0
.0 0 0 0 0 2 0
.0 0 0 1 1 1 0
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.............................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAO MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ............................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .....................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS.....................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..................................................................................
_
.0 0 0 4 5 8 0
-
.0 0 0 4 7 2 0
.0 0 0 3 2 4 0
.0 0 0 0 0 9 0
-
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .............................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.........................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PROOUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ...............................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS..........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS............................... .....
_
.0 0 6 8 1 0 0
.0 0 1 6 3 9 0
.0 0 9 6 7 2 0
-
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES .....................
RUBBER 4ND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS.....................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .....................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................................
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING....................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ..........................
METAL CONTAINERS.......................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.....................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ...............................................
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.............................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELO MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
METALWORKING MACHINERY ANO EQUIPMENT.....................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES..........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.............................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT................................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ................................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT....................................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS................................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
*
_
-
.0 1 8 7 0 5 0
.00C9C1C
.0 0 0 2 3 9 0
~
_
-
_
.0 0 0 3 9 5 0
.0 0 2 5 5 5 0
.0 2 0 2 5 7 0
•0C00080
~
_
.0 0 0 4 5 9 0
•000943C
-
_
.1 9 6 6 3 3 0
.4 7 9 2 5 5 0
.0 0 5 8 4 0 0
-
_
.0 0 1 5 4 3 0
.0 0 0 2 7 2 0
.0 0 0 1 5 9 0
“
.0 0 0 6 4 2 0
.0 0 0 0 2 5 0
.0 0 8 3 9 0 0
.0 0 1 1 5 3 0
-
_
-
.0 0 5 0 4 0 0
.0 0 0 2 6 0 0
•003214C
.0 0 0 3 2 4 0
_
.0 0 5 4 8 9 0
.0 0 0 3 6 2 0
.0 0 2 9 6 1 0
.0 0 0 1 2 7 0
.0 0 0 4 6 7 0
-
.0 0 0 2 8 0 0
_
.0 0 1 7 3 9 0
-
.0 0 0 7 3 8 0
-
.0 0 0 2 7 5 0
-
-
-
-
.0 0 4 4 5 0 0
_
-
-
.0 3 1 3 2 4 0
.0 0 0 7 6 7 0
.0 0 5 8 8 7 0
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES....................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES .....................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ..........................
OFFICE SUPPLIES .......................................................................................
TOTAL4 .................................................................................................................
.0 0 1 5 3 0 0
.0 0 0 2 2 4 0
.0 1 1 7 9 6 0
.0 0 6 8 6 6 0
.0 0 6 7 6 9 0
.5 3 4 2 1 7 0
.1 5 6 5 1 5 0
.0 0 3 3 6 2 0
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.0 0 1 7 2 0 0
-
.0 0 7 0 7 3 0
-
.0 0 0 0 7 3 0
.0 1 3 7 2 3 0
.0 0 6 1 5 5 0
-
.0 0 9 5 0 1 0
.0 1 3 7 7 6 0
.0 0 1 5 5 1 0
.0 3 2 6 7 2 0
-
.0 0 2 4 8 0 0
_
-
.1 2 2 2 9 6 0
.0 0 8 9 8 6 0
.0 0 9 0 8 8 0
-
_
-
.0 0 0 5 2 4 0
_
.0 2 8 5 2 7 0
.0 1 5 9 3 9 0
.0 0 1 2 4 1 0
-
-
-
-
_
.0 0 0 1 0 3 0
.0 0 0 2 1 4 0
.0 0 2 6 3 3 0
-
-
-
-
.0 0 0 2 1 4 0
.0 0 0 1 3 8 0
.0 0 2 4 1 2 0
_
-
-
.0 0 0 0 6 2 0
-
-
_
.0 0 0 3 2 0 0
.0 0 0 0 5 3 0
-
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES....................................................
AMUSEMENTS.......................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
82
-
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
116
-
81
.0 0 4 0 3 8 0
.0 0 9 7 4 8 0
.0 0 2 2 4 8 0
-
-
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING....................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..........................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ..........................................
ELECTRIC,GAS*WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES..........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................................
131.
.0 0 4 1 0 0 0
-
-
-
O ffice
su p plies
.0 0 0 6 9 1 0
.2 8 9 4 8 2 0
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
S ee fo o tn o te s on p .
-
.0 0 0 1 2 0 0
.0 1 7 1 7 3 0
B u sin ess
t ra v e l,
e n terta in
m ent and
gifts
-
.0 0 1 1 2 0 0
-
_
-
.0 1 0 9 7 8 0
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
.0 0 1 1 6 4 0
.0 0 1 6 8 5 0
.0 0 6 4 5 4 0
.3 6 3 2 0 3 0
-
-
.0 5 4 5 5 2 0
.1 8 1 5 7 6 0
.1 2 6 3 1 7 0
-
_
-
-
.0 0 0 0 5 5 0
.0 0 0 8 2 1 0
.0 0 0 1 0 3 0
.0 0 2 3 4 5 0
.0 0 7 7 7 5 0
.5 0 4 7 1 6 0
-
.0 1 1 4 2 0 0
-
-
.0 0 0 0 0 0 0
_
.1 4 0 3 2 5 0
-
.0 1 8 7 4 9 0
.0 0 6 5 0 5 0
_
-
-
_
_
-
-
.0 3 6 0 9 6 0
-
.9 7 4 6 2 2 0
1 .0 2 2 0 8 9 0
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 1980
(P r o d u c e r s valu es - 1958 d o l l a r s ) 3
Industry nu m b er and title 4
L iv e s t o c k
and
liv e s t o c k
prod u cts
1
O ther
a g r ic u l
tural
prod u cts
F orestry
and
fis h e r y
p rod u cts
2
3
A g r i c u l
tu ra l,
fo r e s t r y
and
fis h e r y
se rv ice s
4
Iron and
fe r r o a llo y
ores
m ining
5
N on ferrou s
m eta l o r e s
m ining
6
C oa l
m ining
7
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
b.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS...............................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS .........................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ....................................................
AGRICULTURAL*FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES.....................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ...............................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING.........................................................
COAL MINING ..................................................................................................
3 6 ,1 9 6
1 4 ,1 3 0
74
3 ,6 8 4
6
14
41
3 ,2 0 8
4 0 ,2 4 9
62
3 ,5 0 0
10
24
47
1 ,9 9 4
4 ,4 8 1
5 3 ,5 4 1
1 ,6 1 5
3
7
18
6 ,5 4 4
1 6 ,1 5 2
37
1 1 3 ,1 8 5
5
12
26
68
120
38
23
1 0 ,2 6 8
757
163
64
109
33
25
153
2 2 ,5 6 0
118
52
98
48
24
12
24
2 5 ,4 5 3
3.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ...............................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .....................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION.......................................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .....................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................................
137
46
28
0
716
3
2 ,8 9 8
264
108
68
0
754
3
333
118
18
13
0
266
2
425
130
46
29
0
4 84
2
641
167
24
9
0
557
3
56
185
44
38
0
495
4
74
1 40
33
5
0
362
4
54
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.............................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ............................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .....................
LUMBER AND WOOO PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS.....................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..................................................................................
1
59
39
25
59
84
41
1
87
62
24
79
114
94
1
73
129
14
20
69
13
1
70
95
16
39
71
41
1
23
9
13
10
2 83
3
1
78
13
18
14
96
3
1
60
28
19
9
4 24
3
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .............................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.........................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS*EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ...............................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS..........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..............................................
3
2
181
154
421
631
100
4
2
175
82
546
1 ,5 3 1
173
5
2
274
181
602
298
88
3
2
171
160
315
652
98
4
2
74
26
231
240
38
3
2
120
43
304
735
78
5
2
150
55
245
114
89
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES .....................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS.....................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PROOUCTS ....................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................................
87
22
82
486
2
13
92
53
27
170
835
2
19
50
20
27
80
300
1
7
29
35
16
82
396
1
10
37
14
18
70
131
1
4
19
30
22
73
204
1
5
25
13
21
61
6 38
2
7
31
3 6 . STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................................
3 7 . PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING....................................
3 8 . PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ..........................
3 9 . METAL CONTAINERS.......................................................................................
4 0 . HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
4 1 . STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.....................
4 2 . OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ...............................................
71
125
81
107
37
103
141
113
131
98
43
41
57
153
36
76
49
21
30
31
71
58
95
63
35
27
46
255
245
514
105
7
79
57
113
4 54
1 ,2 1 0
308
14
69
91
165
150
4 69
249
6
78
336
291
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.............................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT....................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
10
88
12
7
33
34
27
14
197
20
11
40
74
43
15
31
9
5
22
20
21
8
83
10
6
28
34
24
30
13
575
17
54
17
88
36
18
842
34
104
42
180
33
22
1 ,1 1 7
268
258
19
217
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES..........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.............................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...............................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
59
44
9
30
5
24
21
69
65
12
41
6
23
26
30
72
12
31
6
15
22
39
35
7
23
4
15
16
65
26
7
78
5
32
44
106
34
8
215
5
44
22
118
28
9
318
7
93
21
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT....................................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...............................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
28
31
53
20
16
16
21
36
38
49
20
16
18
25
33
10
18
14
325
10
23
21
20
28
13
11
11
14
38
21
68
36
91
22
12
38
19
42
24
24
35
16
39
18
69
22
151
25
13
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING....................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..........................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ..........................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES..........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................................
45
1 ,5 7 1
314
76
313
7 ,7 2 6
1 ,4 3 8
55
1 ,1 1 9
332
114
382
7 ,3 8 2
1 ,3 8 6
82
835
271
140
121
3 ,7 3 9
1 ,4 5 8
43
951
309
62
207
4 ,1 7 2
977
31
4 ,2 7 8
197
41
936
2 ,6 2 7
854
38
1 ,8 4 4
213
51
1 ,1 2 8
4 ,0 9 9
1 ,4 2 7
86
6 34
143
41
7 57
4 ,2 2 2
1 ,0 3 7
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERV ICES, EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES....................................................
AMUSEMENTS......................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
231
218
2 ,0 7 8
42
253
97
1 ,1 6 3
383
246
3 ,0 9 1
38
183
126
287
196
160
3 ,8 1 5
24
84
126
209
227
155
1 ,6 8 2
25
118
73
374
378
286
1 ,1 0 1
66
149
76
195
190
348
1 ,3 7 8
73
98
76
256
172
233
1 ,1 1 5
56
8b
60
249
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES....................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ....................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ..........................
OFFICE SUPPLIES .......................................................................................
TOTAL .................................................................................................................
327
227
0
0
0
7 7 ,9 2 6
392
258
0
0
0
7 0 ,0 1 2
321
104
0
0
0
7 7 ,4 7 6
276
154
0
0
0
1 5 0 ,4 3 4
371
587
0
0
0
2 8 ,1 0 0
458
636
0
0
0
4 2 ,2 8 0
376
419
0
0
0
4 2 ,4 1 3
See footn otes on p. 131.
117
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 19802 — Continued
________________________________________________________(P r o d u c e r s v alues - 1958 d o lla r s ) 3___________ ______________ _______________ _______________
In du stry nu m b er and title 4
C rude
p e tr o le u m
and
natural
gas
Stone and
cla y
m ining and
q u arry in g
C h em ica l
and
fe r t il iz e r
m in e r a l
m ining
8
9
10
O rdnance
M ain ten ance
New
and
and r e p a ir
co n s tru c tio n
co n s tru c tio n a c c e s s o r i e s
11
12
13
F ood and
k indred
p rodu cts
14
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS...............................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS .........................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ....................................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES.....................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ...............................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING.........................................................
COAL MINING ..................................................................................................
109
171
12
30
4
8
24
59
97
17
25
20
29
110
61
91
19
21
21
30
82
113
390
290
81
47
99
66
60
115
131
40
20
55
35
128
173
35
42
33
179
55
1 0 ,3 7 1
7 ,5 6 2
320
1 ,3 6 0
10
21
59
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ...............................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .....................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION........................................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .....................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................................
1 2 ,6 8 9
10
4
0
628
4
61
212
2 6 ,7 7 7
15
0
453
3
67
171
467
1 0 ,3 5 2
0
397
3
79
176
524
17
2 8 ,5 2 4
394
14
114
172
253
14
0
4 3 ,3 0 0
6
73
96
38
13
0
457
3 1 ,8 9 3
180
128
38
23
0
585
4
1 8 ,0 3 2
1 5 . TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.............................................................................
1 6 . BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
1 7 . MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
1 8 . APPAREL ............................................................................................................
1 9 . MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .....................
2 0 . LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS.....................
2 1 . WOODEN CONTAINERS ..................................................................................
1
18
12
14
8
69
2
1
42
28
20
12
84
5
2
32
12
14
11
77
3
2
70
31
44
22
2 ,7 0 7
19
1
34
16
25
14
1 ,1 6 5
9
4
117
74
118
23
184
27
2
94
44
70
100
138
61
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .............................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.........................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ...............................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS..........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS...............................................
3
2
94
25
412
108
33
3
2
335
109
315
230
97
3
1
213
57
256
303
49
242
211
4 18
144
731
352
154
11
34
250
100
277
353
251
68
25
355
231
878
328
258
5
2
51 *
6 07
733
49 7
161
2 9 . DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...............................
3 0 . PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................................
3 1 . PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES .....................
3 2 . RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS.....................
3 3 . LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
3 4 . FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .....................................
3 5 . GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................................
12
23
35
143
1
5
20
25
17
104
620
2
7
31
19
14
57
208
1
6
20
39
117
107
460
3
14
161
34
765
114
258
2
8
226
45
41
50
1 ,5 7 9
6
29
185
128
26
74
741
2
12
372
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING....................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ..........................
METAL CONTAINERS........................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.....................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ...............................................
54
119
74
5
59
59
194
2 ,1 7 5
647
121
8
65
82
167
104
535
147
8
49
85
120
2 ,8 3 4
1 ,7 9 5
1 ,0 4 6
18
2 ,9 5 9
344
823
1 ,1 9 4
725
566
49
1 ,5 8 8
170
266
341
1 ,1 5 4
2 ,0 0 9
17
100
906
782
81
307
183
559
39
197
171
4 3 . e n g in e s AND TURBINES.............................................................................
4 4 . FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
4 5 . CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
4 6 . MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
4 7 . METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................................
4 8 . SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
4 9 . GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
44
10
112
8
39
32
276
31
23
1 ,0 3 5
646
88
26
275
31
14
611
216
58
22
144
37
26
149
278
167
52
364
16
10
60
37
75
32
104
80
51
53
27
1 ,0 8 5
102
500
13
49
13
7
65
35
37
5 0 . MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................................
5 1 . OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES..........................
5 2 . SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................................
5 3 . ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
5 4 . HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES............................... .... ........................................
5 5 . ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...............................
5 6 . RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
44
49
11
127
5
20
24
141
35
9
184
5
37
22
90
30
7
226
4
23
21
227
91
393
516
223
671
70
104
32
91
247
109
344
80
4 ,7 2 0
170
107
1 ,1 0 6
50
631
2 ,4 4 0
83
70
12
44
8
42
29
5 7 . ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...............................
5 8 . MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
5 9 . MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
6 0 . AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..................................................................................
6 1 . OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT....................................................
6 2 . SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...............................
6 3 . OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
86
13
33
23
15
18
17
38
18
45
26
27
29
17
35
18
62
30
39
25
15
109
52
71
60
56
261
36
62
30
33
27
27
90
18
1 ,2 3 8
100
176
1 1 ,5 3 5
147
1 ,0 1 2
69
41
27
56
32
23
21
29
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................................
TRANSPORTATION ANO WAREHOUSING....................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..........................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ..........................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES..........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................................
36
1 ,3 9 1
174
93
303
2 ,7 3 6
1 ,2 3 5
66
1 ,3 0 3
206
54
939
4 ,8 9 2
1 ,1 3 5
44
3 ,1 7 3
207
45
884
3 ,5 4 0
792
148
2 ,6 0 2
402
150
4 06
1 1 ,7 8 1
1 ,3 5 7
128
1 ,3 9 5
196
47
234
8 ,5 0 0
655
208
1 ,7 7 6
531
153
361
7 ,3 8 1
1 ,3 4 5
79
2 ,5 0 7
417
127
343
8 ,0 4 8
1 ,2 8 8
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES....................................................
AMUSEMENTS.......................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
910
278
2 ,4 7 7
21
130
123
211
191
355
1 ,4 6 9
64
98
77
244
115
353
1 ,2 3 1
26
121
76
221
146
4 48
4 ,0 9 2
106
388
168
333
87
240
1 ,2 7 3
105
173
70
197
142
845
4 ,1 7 9
191
138
195
408
184
397
3 ,4 6 9
122
4 36
145
6 03
7 8 . FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES....................................................
7 9 . STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................
8 0 . GROSS IMPORTS OF GOOOS AND SERVICES ....................................
8 1 . BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ..........................
8 2 . OFFICE SUPPLIES .......................................................................................
TOTAL .................................................................................................................
See footn otes on p. 131.
286
253
0
0
0
2 7 ,0 1 7
403
556
0
0
0
4 8 ,0 4 5
372
536
0
0
0
2 7 ,6 5 2
477
316
0
0
0
7 3 ,9 4 3
260
182
0
0
0
6 8 ,1 4 7
561
260
0
0
0
8 7 ,3 3 0
4 27
281
0
0
0
6 4 ,0 3 9
118
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)
Industry num ber and title 4
PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 1980
(P r o d u c e r s values - 1958 d o lla r s ) 3
B road and M i s c e ll a
n a rrow
neous
T o b a cc o
f a b r ic s ,
tex tile
m a n u fa c
y arn and
goods and
tures
thread
flo o r
m ills
c o v e rin g s
15
16
17
— Continued
A p p a re l
M i s c e ll a
neous
fa b rica te d
tex tile
p rod u cts
L u m ber and
wood
p rod u cts,
ex cep t
con ta in ers
W ooden
con ta in ers
20
21
18
19
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS...............................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PR00UCTS .........................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ....................................................
AGRICULTURALtFORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES.....................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ...............................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING.........................................................
COAL MINING .................................................................................................
646
6 ,9 1 7
31
615
4
12
30
633
2 ,9 1 5
115
303
18
45
153
473
889
90
127
14
35
105
275
1 ,0 7 9
405
132
9
23
68
366
1 ,3 9 5
103
164
12
31
93
356
1 ,7 8 6
4 ,8 6 0
4 29
6
16
43
182
724
1 ,7 7 7
178
30
16
55
8 . CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ...............................................
9 . STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .....................................
1 0 . CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING................................
1 1 . NEW CONSTRUCTION.......................................................................................
1 2 . MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ....................................
1 3 . ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................................
1 4 . FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................................
73
26
20
0
246
2
222
227
51
109
0
563
4
279
175
37
79
0
472
4
222
111
24
48
0
375
3
162
155
37
63
0
468
7
210
165
29
17
0
4 53
3
138
148
25
9
0
4 20
3
118
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
15.
16 .
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.............................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ............................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .....................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS.....................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..................................................................................
7 ,8 8 5
47
25
15
23
128
54
2
3 2 ,4 1 8
604
191
217
197
17
2
6 ,6 8 7
1 6 ,5 8 6
259
254
197
10
2
1 0 ,4 5 7
329
6 3 ,1 4 4
590
127
8
2
1 4 ,3 0 9
1 ,7 8 5
695
3 7 ,9 1 9
227
11
2
69
39
117
29
4 7 ,4 6 8
71
2
54
26
58
21
1 7 ,3 1 5
4 4 ,0 8 0
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HUUSEHOLD FURNITURE .............................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.........................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ...............................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS..........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..............................................
3
1
586
411
653
473
373
12
3
720
535
680
3 ,0 8 4
4 ,1 1 6
117
4
852
419
576
2 ,2 3 2
4 ,0 5 1
9
4
4 54
417
554
1 ,3 3 4
1 ,6 6 5
146
90
907
608
676
1 ,7 1 9
2 ,3 6 9
119
17
428
222
615
442
289
290
44
3 00
17 i
553
228
141
2 9 . DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...............................
3 0 . PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................................
3 1 . PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES .....................
3 2 . RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . . . .
3 3 . LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
3 4 . FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ....................................
3 5 . GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................................
48
14
44
432
2
7
28
196
75
126
975
8
17
936
142
71
98
1 ,7 3 9
9
44
316
87
37
60
625
73
81
324
126
54
84
3 ,1 9 6
20
212
498
50
136
98
4 23
2
14
102
38
77
80
306
2
11
67
3 6 . STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................................
3 7 . PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.....................................
3 8 . PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ..........................
3 9 . METAL CONTAINERS.......................................................................................
4 0 . HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
4 1 . STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.....................
4 2 . OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ...............................................
42
72
77
47
16
36
117
138
193
174
63
46
94
199
129
166
146
49
37
87
195
72
119
109
29
28
60
154
118
190
154
40
41
111
260
231
159
120
20
52
185
413
185
1 ,2 4 3
120
14
63
204
441
4 3 . ENGINES AND TURBINES.............................................................................
4 4 . FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
4 5 . CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
4 6 . MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
4 7 . m etalw or kin g m ac h in e r y and e q u ip m e n t ....................................
4 8 . SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
4 9 . GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
9
40
8
4
28
30
20
13
23
27
18
92
378
73
12
22
20
13
79
188
54
9
12
13
9
47
143
36
11
16
18
12
82
200
71
13
16
13
37
56
92
89
12
12
15
19
79
169
74
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES..........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.............................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...............................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
35
64
9
23
3
18
20
84
71
13
80
8
48
35
83
60
11
64
7
42
32
52
55
10
46
7
27
27
109
68
13
69
9
45
38
109
42
9
47
7
82
24
153
40
10
55
7
123
25
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT....................................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...............................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
30
12
19
15
11
11
22
50
18
33
35
25
33
46
43
15
36
48
24
32
41
40
11
25
23
18
29
32
60
17
37
58
23
187
40
35
28
79
32
83
21
22
38
30
86
31
54
22
22
6 4 . MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................................
6 5 . TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING....................................................
6 6 . COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..........................................
6 7 . RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ..........................................
6 8 . ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES..........................
6 9 . WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................................
7 0 . FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................................
80
1 ,0 5 1
2 20
121
167
3 ,7 9 9
604
164
2 ,7 6 2
399
110
645
8 ,2 3 6
1 ,5 2 3
347
2 ,7 8 2
384
92
498
8 ,1 6 0
1 ,4 6 8
735
1 ,6 4 2
357
87
346
7 ,2 5 5
1 ,2 5 5
677
2 ,2 7 9
392
99
489
9 ,6 1 4
1 ,3 8 6
113
2 ,9 7 1
340
70
411
6 ,8 3 0
1 ,1 3 4
87
2 ,9 6 4
309
65
521
7 ,7 3 0
1 ,1 4 3
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES....................................................
AMUSEMENTS.......................................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
108
231
3 ,2 9 7
190
115
114
268
177
722
3 ,0 0 8
135
213
144
473
159
584
2 ,5 0 2
116
191
125
395
166
821
2 ,3 5 8
102
141
122
4 16
193
801
2 ,7 0 3
137
228
142
457
145
585
1 ,8 9 8
40
819
105
319
153
758
1 ,7 6 7
37
9 07
110
350
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES....................................................
STATE ANO LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ....................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ..........................
OFFICE SUPPLIES .......................................................................................
TOTAL . . .
.................................................................................................
461
127
0
0
0
3 1 ,8 8 2
690
436
0
0
0
7 2 ,4 8 8
644
359
0
0
0
5 7 ,9 2 4
581
249
0
0
0
1 0 0 ,9 6 5
660
353
0
0
0
9 1 ,4 6 3
352
330
0
0
0
7 7 ,6 2 8
4 14
386
0
0
0
8 8 ,5 9 4
See footn otes on p. 131.
119
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 19802 — Continued
(P r o d u c e r s v alues - 1958 d o l la r s ) 3
Industry nu m b er and title 4
H ousehold
furniture
22
I.
2•
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
O ther
fu rn itu re
and
fix tu res
23
P a p e r and
a llied
p rod u cts,
ex cep t
con ta in ers
P a p e rb o a r d
con ta in ers
and
b ox es
P rin tin g
and
p u blishing
24
25
26
C h em ica ls
and
s e le c t e d
ch e m ica l
p rod u cts
27
P la s t ic s
and
synthetic
m a te r ia ls
28
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS...............................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS .........................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ....................................................
AGRICULTURAL.FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES.....................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ...............................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING.........................................................
COAL MINING ..................................................................................................
243
550
584
108
26
48
67
115
240
2 74
59
87
66
90
176
300
321
66
9
24
125
116
187
144
45
7
16
70
156
250
89
48
5
16
54
262
351
438
70
71
180
230
182
253
195
50
31
77
152
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ...............................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ....................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION.......................................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .....................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................................
112
37
23
0
392
5
280
103
52
15
0
399
13
127
220
144
54
0
642
4
241
153
66
28
0
579
15
154
104
40
24
0
605
22
203
498
104
4 87
0
488
5
381
320
59
199
0
650
4
265
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES..............................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ............................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS .....................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS.EXCEPT CONTAINERS.....................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..................................................................................
2
2 ,0 9 0
372
90
81
5 ,4 8 6
19
2
337
365
117
60
2 ,5 3 0
16
2
352
107
86
118
2 ,8 1 7
21
2
183
70
102
59
1 ,2 1 7
22
4
111
62
34
38
652
8
3
93
33
59
120
260
12
2
112
42
65
59
2 55
12
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .............................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.........................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS ANO BOXES ...............................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS..........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS...............................................
4 7 ,4 2 0
236
527
659
457
593
688
1 ,1 4 9
4 2 ,1 3 1
511
684
525
381
353
12
9
2 2 ,7 4 3
900
1 ,0 3 0
971
573
7
5
9 ,2 9 1
2 5 ,2 1 5
968
545
400
6
17
4 ,9 9 2
375
4 8 ,1 2 8
564
175
5
3
574
288
720
1 4 ,2 1 7
725
5
3
1 ,1 6 1
325
605
5 ,7 4 6
1 2 ,3 7 1
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS.CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS................................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES .....................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS.....................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ....................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................................
51
367
57
2 ,6 1 0
28
40
676
40
303
48
1 ,2 2 5
32
20
1 ,4 6 7
82
38
102
1 ,6 1 1
3
21
79
71
27
79
1 ,2 8 3
3
24
129
45
22
47
505
2
18
42
345
95
2 94
450
3
12
118
321
151
189
766
2
10
91
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.....................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ..........................
METAL CONTAINERS.......................................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS.....................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ...............................................
232
985
458
41
167
370
1 ,8 4 7
250
3 ,6 1 4
626
30
506
4 34
1 ,4 0 3
284
176
154
28
45
148
513
148
173
115
93
39
130
325
101
106
116
17
35
77
216
214
398
493
192
51
130
282
144
229
248
115
32
114
219
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.............................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.....................
12
13
22
42
171
160
87
17
35
38
18
276
66
155
11
9
23
15
97
145
68
10
7
15
10
89
187
66
11
11
13
8
54
130
39
16
13
66
50
115
605
108
13
9
34
24
125
295
80
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES..........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.............................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT................................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
150
42
15
82
37
85
38
252
165
191
162
32
92
93
109
62
11
71
7
84
28
102
47
9
56
8
62
26
60
108
14
64
8
38
56
124
103
15
140
8
37
39
105
69
12
101
7
44
36
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ................................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..................................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT....................................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS................................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
55
20
43
41
30
44
27
117
24
89
87
51
314
29
42
16
31
34
25
40
32
37
14
27
36
22
27
27
64
13
28
90
19
32
140
63
19
35
38
29
47
40
48
15
28
32
23
43
67
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING .........................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING....................................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING..........................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ..........................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES..........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................................
233
2 ,1 1 9
385
63
432
7 ,5 4 6
1 ,0 4 7
543
1 ,9 2 2
364
77
4 84
7 ,7 7 7
1 ,0 1 8
101
2 ,5 2 7
331
83
1 ,0 5 9
6 ,0 5 4
1 ,0 4 0
99
2 ,5 2 2
305
71
595
6 ,1 5 8
1 ,0 7 3
175
1 ,8 3 6
659
150
503
5 ,4 7 5
1 ,2 9 2
121
2 ,6 1 9
397
111
909
5 ,3 9 3
1 ,3 5 1
94
2 ,5 0 9
3 39
94
6 66
5 ,0 0 1
1 ,2 4 3
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL. . . . .
...............................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES♦EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..................................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES....................................................
AMUSEMENTS................................................................... .... ..............................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
156
700
1 ,7 2 3
91
236
106
357
147
660
2 ,1 0 1
83
218
116
334
118
466
2 ,2 7 1
179
215
109
315
137
532
1 ,9 3 3
195
187
104
342
284
782
4 ,0 8 1
218
176
191
337
177
574
3 ,0 3 1
138
212
149
323
144
436
2 ,5 5 1
148
172
118
3 28
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES....................................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES................................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ....................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ..........................
OFFICE S U P P L IE S .............................................. ....................................
TOTAL .................................................................................................................
404
305
0
0
0
8 6 ,2 3 6
453
325
0
0
0
7 9 ,7 2 4
556
662
0
0
0
5 2 ,3 9 6
458
4 02
0
0
0
5 8 ,2 9 4
1 ,0 7 1
340
0
0
0
7 6 ,6 9 6
685
561
0
0
0
4 2 ,2 0 6
835
4 33
0
0
0
4 2 ,1 6 7
See foo tn o te s on p. 131.
1 20
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND,
19802 — Continued
(Producers values - 1958 dollars)3
Industry number and title 4
Drugs,
cleaning,
and toilet
prepara
tions
Paints and
allied
products
Petroleum
refining
and
related
industries
Rubber and
miscella
neous
plastics
products
29
30
31
32
Leather
tanning
and
industrial
leather
products
33
Footwear
and other
leather
products
Glass and
glass
products
35
34
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS..........................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ...................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ..............................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES...................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ..........................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING...................................................
COAL MINING .......................................................................................
349
350
85
71
15
37
73
236
277
134
60
31
64
107
96
155
29
30
8
16
43
131
227
77
44
14
36
78
85
126
97
27
7
18
94
105
234
90
42
6
17
46
80
148
114
35
7
20
91
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..........................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION..............................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ........................................................
159
51
67
0
324
9
520
251
73
127
0
486
5
358
5,913
112
22
0
561
4
87
147
63
73
0
416
6
148
91
32
50
0
181
4
122
77
25
30
0
262
5
112
121
382
27
0
366
5
102
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.....................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICStYARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL .................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS ...................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS...................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..........................................................................
2
82
47
55
51
207
9
3
79
29
64
44
215
9
1
27
14
26
18
88
4
2
863
950
206
57
218
8
1
51
21
16
67
73
42
2
1,123
347
383
55
531
17
2
57
20
95
20
905
113
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .....................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES...................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ..........................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ..................................... . . . . .
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..........................................
6
3
744
873
1,456
1,902
265
4
2
805
468
789
3,647
3,762
4
2
238
95
653
612
74
16
8
569
357
729
1,748
2,533
2
1
217
108
350
1,158
337
21
3
604
443
870
781
1,090
97
3
982
2,204
571
626
105
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS........................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES ...................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS...................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PROOUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .................................
glass and glass products. . . .
..........................................
14,017
60
95
1,009
3
13
611
318
15,229
150
493
2
12
71
68
28
4,337
177
1
6
32
105
47
76
25,773
21
88
567
394
16
52
353
27,503
134
43
105
24
41
2,293
3,982
76,214
107
55
19
46
323
2
9
37,186
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ............................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING .......................
METAL CONTAINERS..............................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS...................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PROOUCTS ..........................................
156
280
183
336
35
222
399
441
617
297
861
65
128
214
131
153
100
36
50
65
462
248
251
210
37
52
219
472
333
76
70
28
15
64
109
187
117
100
20
28
90
349
1,048
136
129
20
42
242
236
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.....................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
17
20
20
12
76
143
49
13
15
27
18
104
180
71
29
12
63
11
55
44
148
12
11
20
14
104
152
79
6
4
12
7
53
56
27
9
11
11
8
54
60
34
10
13
27
17
107
49
79
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS .................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING ANO ACCOUNTING MACHINES........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ........................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES. . . .
...................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT............................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
80
159
27
66
11
29
48
119
77
13
76
9
39
35
50
79
13
88
6
22
38
339
68
13
83
17
91
57
44
30
5
44
3
45
14
74
66
11
44
6
57
30
101
53
13
67
14
123
24
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT...................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..........................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..............................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS............................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
83
14
28
35
19
192
51
55
18
37
37
25
38
46
70
15
35
29
23
22
27
67
18
27
128
27
102
42
23
8
18
16
12
29
16
66
11
21
32
15
97
56
36
14
26
23
17
57
44
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ...................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING...............................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING.....................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING .....................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE........................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE .................................................................
124
1,676
475
293
344
6,408
1,173
105
2,751
435
121
507
7,160
1,359
65
2,698
289
149
454
3,721
1,210
223
1,913
337
112
529
6,021
1,035
51
1,393
199
46
240
3,762
831
197
1,361
335
117
258
5,154
1,041
82
1,723
290
90
753
5,175
1,086
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..........................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT............................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES...............................................
AMUSEMENTS.............................................................................. ....
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
152
483
8,024
605
166
266
301
180
569
3,299
887
274
157
369
514
267
4,057
105
211
158
293
140
549
3,046
146
137
134
321
66
317
1,262
153
132
63
220
122
711
3,187
197
124
133
323
110
535
2 ,448
151
166
112
279
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES .................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ........................
OFFICE SUPPLIES ..............................................................................
TOTAL..................................... .... ...........................................................
739
249
0
0
0
47,888
744
363
0
0
0
51,356
525
346
0
0
0
30,514
531
346
0
0
0
54,883
592
180
0
0
0
42,542
585
189
0
0
0
105,780
575
451
0
0
0
61,730
See footnotes on p. 131.
121
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 19802 — Continued
(Producers values - 1958 dollars)3
Industry number and title4
Stone and
clay
products
36
Primary
iron and
steel
manufac
turing
Primary
nonferrous
metals
manufac
turing
Metal
containers
37
38
39
Heating,
plumbing
and
structural
metal
products
40
Stampings,
Other
screw
fabricated
machine
metal
products
products
and bolts
42
41
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS..........................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ...................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ...............................................
AGRICULTURALtFORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES...................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ..........................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING...................................................
COAL MINING ........................................................................................
95
163
47
34
24
37
131
66
108
33
27
623
117
434
64
103
35
26
61
1,755
93
63
100
28
28
177
266
150
74
114
36
31
116
199
108
75
117
48
29
105
128
109
79
126
63
32
101
185
104
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..........................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION...............................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ........................................................
192
2,040
60
0
462
4
126
173
142
22
0
795
7
86
132
49
24
0
535
12
84
112
57
15
0
550
7
82
104
59
11
0
416
21
99
121
52
12
0
390
31
98
112
54
15
0
380
16
104
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.....................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL .................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS ...................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS...................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ................... . . ..........................................
2
119
32
23
36
235
38
1
42
16
76
19
162
9
1
115
27
63
24
151
4
1
61
36
45
17
147
15
2
71
21
95
28
243
29
2
70
30
99
28
352
16
2
99
47
99
19
480
22
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ......................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES...................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ..........................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ............................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS.......................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..........................................
4
3
693
350
537
659
274
9
3
214
79
465
464
97
5
3
240
88
386
572
368
7
3
371
353
556
341
247
53
56
251
190
457
260
121
19
9
353
312
476
286
179
57
35
309
209
563
357
147
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS........................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES ...................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS...................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS............................................................
136
42
86
515
4
12
78
57
40
64
243
2
8
34
50
39
59
219
2
8
41
72
161
47
759
9
10
48
33
70
47
276
5
12
257
39
104
59
465
6
30
89
35
50
53
500
5
17
56
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ............................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING. . • ...................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ........................
METAL CONTAINERS...............................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS...................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ..........................................
33,643
290
157
19
62
137
522
474
26,761
655
13
163
422
772
329
791
20,405
15
66
621
573
285
7,321
2,882
19,142
243
789
487
398
4,743
2,175
22
33,110
636
1,234
417
4,354
1,352
82
336
46,110
1,265
394
4 ,111
1,939
28
365
1,080
30,337
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.....................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
13
10
99
59
117
71
68
25
54
99
26
412
82
221
18
11
85
20
473
48
241
19
23
46
17
698
49
356
121
69
128
66
446
132
537
49
46
43
26
634
56
142
47
46
116
64
1,193
121
412
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS .................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ........................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES......................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT............................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
116
47
11
92
6
180
27
987
48
14
258
13
65
33
554
39
16
333
21
333
69
864
45
17
212
69
95
39
742
75
183
602
248
166
62
655
82
51
280
93
215
52
577
62
42
312
59
156
52
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT...................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..........................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT...............................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS............................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
49
19
38
36
24
46
25
76
23
76
42
62
45
22
75
219
72
34
43
55
21
82
45
69
172
36
53
23
186
47
128
119
239
496
27
109
54
457
105
37
121
31
83
47
141
78
52
203
27
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ...................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING...............................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING.....................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING .....................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..................................... ....
FINANCE AND INSURANCE .................................................................
139
2,815
317
77
980
5,198
1,259
73
2,956
341
71
1,128
5,143
1,093
102
1,761
285
59
674
5,020
1,102
86
2,138
274
71
616
5,886
1,084
96
1,779
345
79
515
6,041
1,123
213
1,640
283
72
536
5,143
1,056
159
1,594
306
82
524
5,714
1,000
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..........................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT............................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES...............................................
AMUSEMENTS............................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
134
531
2,086
173
226
110
306
120
424
1,926
134
148
96
306
103
395
1,604
145
137
84
302
108
432
1,943
185
278
95
334
114
556
2,144
183
235
109
317
117
555
1,957
174
140
102
299
106
569
2 ,228
175
161
111
293
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES . . . . . . . .
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ................... .
OFFICE SUPPLIES ...............................................................................
TOTAL ......................................................................................................
See footnotes on p. 131.
488
631
0
0
0
58,743
494
677
0
0
0
51,806
380
410
0
0
0
43,577
417
390
0
0
0
53,453
427
334
0
0
0
65,492
409
340
0
0
0
74,621
414
333
0
0
0
60,441
122
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 1980* — Continued
(Producers values - 1958 dollars) 3
Industry number and title 4
Engines
and
turbines
43
Construc
F arm
tion,
machinery
mining and
and
oil field
equipment
machinery
44
45
Materials
handling
machinery
and
equipment
46
Metal
working
machinery
and
equipment
47
Special
industry
machinery
and
equipment
General
industrial
machinery
and
equipment
48
49
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS..........................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ...................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ...............................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES...................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ..........................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING...................................................
COAL MINING ........................................................................................
71
102
20
28
60
106
90
66
144
38
173
89
68
109
78
113
26
32
97
66
107
103
151
32
39
91
104
89
83
118
26
30
66
100
67
95
139
49
35
71
131
73
89
127
29
34
77
102
82
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..........................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION...............................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............................................................
FOOD AND KINORED PRODUCTS ........................................................
86
43
7
0
295
13
97
98
54
11
0
365
92
104
100
55
9
0
340
24
106
103
52
11
0
395
17
139
96
46
8
0
424
26
108
106
45
10
0
382
52
129
95
118
9
0
388
30
123
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.....................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL .................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS...................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..........................................................................
2
61
30
82
21
108
4
2
89
62
90
21
261
12
2
68
38
90
19
158
6
3
146
50
103
22
185
7
2
66
26
106
28
161
6
3
110
35
106
17
361
9
3
77
23
101
18
181
8
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .....................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES...................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ..........................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ............................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS.......................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..........................................
9
5
230
193
533
171
113
11
22
226
142
587
262
207
18
5
200
98
487
214
138
14
21
261
135
607
257
199
12
5
174
84
448
182
104
22
6
246
94
537
245
153
29
11
265
128
515
210
109
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.......................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES ...................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS...................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS............................................................
30
42
45
455
6
14
68
38
85
49
1,470
24
16
72
34
48
50
808
6
12
60
43
75
52
985
10
26
88
29
29
49
390
5
17
66
37
31
55
729
26
13
72
32
38
47
383
8
13
63
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ............................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING .......................
METAL CONTAINERS..............................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS...................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ..........................................
395
2,437
1,147
11
145
1,180
353
370
3,693
665
15
201
1,508
483
379
4,081
634
12
733
527
746
358
3,759
1,085
16
597
1,074
1,062
411
2,619
1,072
16
236
1,389
965
323
2,852
1,423
12
492
774
814
490
3,147
1,077
12
741
760
895
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.....................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
23,528
399
810
91
1,047
83
1,092
863
31,352
375
61
1,026
139
2,314
535
409
29,219
296
1,016
112
2,630
296
174
1,435
37,287
998
204
3,282
99
63
99
139
44,090
252
1,589
76
98
259
256
1,150
34,482
2,539
298
86
265
377
967
216
31,906
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS .................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ........................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.....................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT............................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
3,329
59
24
809
17
119
70
1,890
69
40
517
85
102
66
861
75
44
1,070
22
119
87
2,015
131
73
2,387
22
232
98
914
60
66
1,995
82
132
92
708
142
119
1,811
45
127
394
919
68
188
2,345
22
156
171
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT...................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..........................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..............................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS............................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
143
533
490
468
303
96
26
132
248
334
215
105
127
31
205
90
297
136
192
118
27
243
115
245
202
184
150
34
282
66
810
297
50
161
28
511
51
118
253
138
190
61
397
72
174
746
195
387
34
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ...................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING...............................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING.....................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING .....................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE........................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE .................................................................
104
1,352
299
91
327
5,018
905
106
1,607
350
112
401
6,472
1,138
89
1,574
335
88
423
6,015
1,027
925
1,707
398
108
427
7,612
1,232
144
1,252
442
83
380
5,362
1,046
105
1,515
505
91
399
6,161
1,056
88
1,533
488
91
411
6 ,899
990
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..........................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT............................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES...............................................
AMUSEMENTS............................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
97
516
2,492
148
114
116
291
114
538
3,066
151
151
134
310
109
558
2,401
153
145
119
312
148
688
2,945
159
156
147
341
162
631
2,258
150
129
117
298
134
668
2,474
145
171
128
317
121
641
2,473
153
143
128
312
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES .................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS .......................
OFFICE SUPPLIES ..............................................................................
TOTAL ......................................................................................................
See footnotes on p. 131.
389
223
0
0
0
54,924
518
277
0
0
0
67,651
404
280
0
0
0
62,409
514
289
0
0
0
80,166
391
250
0
0
0
74,351
429
269
0
0
0
69,006
441
275
0
0
0
65,861
123
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 1980* — Continued
(Producers values - 1958 dollars)3
Machine
shop
products
Industry number and title 4
Office,
Service
computing
and
industry
accounting machines
machines
51
50
52
Electric
industrial
equipment
and
apparatus
Household
appliances
53
54
Radio,
Electric
television
lighting
and
commu
and wiring
nication
equipment
equipment
55
56
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS.................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ..........................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ......................................
AGRICULTURAL*FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING..........................................
COAL MINING ...............................................................................
73
106
16
27
64
129
70
124
160
28
40
19
57
36
98
146
49
40
47
134
72
113
157
34
36
54
220
69
102
169
44
42
53
114
78
92
134
38
38
49
184
62
131
187
47
45
19
76
50
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ........................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...................
NEW CONSTRUCTION......................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ........................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ...............................................
128
65
7
0
504
10
95
64
25
9
0
300
117
177
99
43
14
0
410
39
129
91
39
13
0
375
87
160
92
48
16
0
388
42
133
86
50
18
0
324
15
125
76
33
15
0
375
654
182
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES............................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL................................................................. ....
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . .
WOODEN CONTAINERS .................................................................
2
49
14
113
14
80
5
4
64
28
102
16
141
12
3
93
44
98
26
339
113
4
81
33
100
19
185
6
3
206
84
106
26
273
125
3
73
37
99
18
201
9
4
107
39
116
22
283
6
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ............................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..........................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.................................
7
4
136
54
396
148
71
58
12
439
162
782
228
156
65
30
397
343
518
342
203
27
6
442
208
649
327
245
28
21
428
389
1,069
403
321
13
4
459
606
543
451
466
578
9
511
3i9
825
380
292
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...................
PAINTS AND ALLIEO PRODUCTS...............................................
PETROLEUM REFINING ANO RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . .
LEATHER TANNING ANO INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ........................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................
32
20
72
196
13
98
34
27
36
32
576
5
16
210
43
116
48
870
7
16
197
32
73
46
499
5
15
143
41
109
45
1,880
14
102
190
39
101
43
773
6
14
1,121
37
37
39
744
7
18
532
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING........................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL CONTAINERS.....................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .................................
762
2,588
1,419
8
142
412
898
217
721
608
13
49
557
423
379
1,774
1,469
21
912
1,608
1,023
331
1,738
2 ,468
17
168
819
499
441
2,094
1,218
24
736
2,479
1,217
386
1,861
1,649
21
133
1,309
746
282
642
818
17
79
1,009
609
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES............................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. ...................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
145
36
128
39
930
240
475
26
13
23
13
553
213
323
103
32
55
81
377
139
793
396
28
76
38
670
76
463
49
26
46
22
540
59
525
29
23
37
13
389
44
155
28
15
32
12
386
55
142
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ..............................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES............................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . • •
67,008
63
28
334
14
92
60
421
18,260
16
988
14
288
590
366
86
17,281
3,439
189
409
264
460
117
25
30,238
29
771
467
370
160
762
1,692
16,480
389
266
369
65
31
1,213
22
35,969
135
356
150
32
1,012
28
486
25,547
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS.................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT......................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . • •
108
88
123
176
122
96
25
4,220
42
41
374
22
281
39
433
56
269
351
64
989
35
1,243
125
88
136
182
682
46
312
51
118
111
107
1,385
79
260
800
65
41
28
163
32
7 ,987
51
50
627
32
533
84
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ..........................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING.....................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ............................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..............................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................
67
1,282
384
72
404
5,089
1,049
128
1,251
373
122
263
7,112
885
136
1,611
360
92
429
8,014
1*180
99
1,554
369
117
360
6,065
887
163
1,774
532
234
398
8,260
955
227
1,546
315
101
356
8,095
879
163
1,567
454
154
283
7 ,870
955
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
real ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO • .
BUSINESS SERVICES .................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES......................................
AMUSEMENTS...................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS • •
148
617
1,957
140
152
104
295
134
831
3,326
131
111
170
297
160
1,218
2,501
167
169
130
328
126
752
3,185
221
137
158
321
139
1,362
6,406
235
161
235
340
132
622
2,763
223
135
135
308
155
1,264
4 ,208
91
129
195
361
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES......................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ........................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS . . . .
OFFICE SUPPLIES .....................................................................
TOTAL .............................................................................................
See footnotes on p. 131.
392
263
0
0
0
91,823
524
191
0
0
0
49,454
485
291
0
0
0
55,492
575
249
0
0
0
62,157
707
280
0
0
0
61,121
494
251
0
0
0
68,861
700
214
0
0
0
66,657
124
.
.
.
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND. 19802 — Continued
Industry number and title4
(Producers values - 1958 dollars) 3
Miscella
neous
Motor
Electronic
vehicles
electrical
components
machinery
and
and acces
and equip equipment
sories
ment
57
58
59
Aircraft
and
parts
Other
transpor
tation
equipment
Scientific
and con
trolling
instruments
Optical,
opthalmic
and photo
graphic
equipment
60
61
62
63
I.
2.
3.
4.
5,
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS..........................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PR00UCTS ...................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ...............................................
AGRICULTURAL(FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES...................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ..........................................
NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING...................................................
COAL MINING ........................................................................................
121
173
42
42
21
88
50
99
146
35
35
46
246
56
76
138
30
33
69
78
96
62
103
27
26
24
74
45
97
173
144
47
80
128
104
167
261
36
52
23
122
42
92
142
56
35
15
99
88
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..........................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION..............................................................................
MAINTENANCE ANO REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ........................................................
82
38
22
0
348
329
164
90
52
24
0
326
23
134
84
42
14
0
480
26
93
67
27
8
0
335
246
79
112
56
17
0
386
17
124
74
32
13
0
314
680
237
99
65
42
0
290
57
123
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.....................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS*YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
apparel .................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS ...................
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS...................
W000EN CONTAINERS ..........................................................................
4
75
26
121
20
166
8
3
125
79
106
31
116
6
2
318
170
86
300
161
7
2
75
43
97
16
179
5
2
123
58
114
39
1,243
12
4
373
77
219
38
180
13
2
85
33
81
25
188
7
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
household furniture
......................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES...................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS * EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ..........................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ............................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTEO CHEMICAL PROOUCTS........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..................................... ....
261
6
564
299
619
592
302
18
3
334
301
617
630
355
20
13
335
157
664
356
308
39
64
222
105
792
188
137
286
137
294
135
671
418
460
71
120
444
337
598
328
247
10
4
1,019
302
711
1,152
174
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS*CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS............................
PAINTS ANO ALLIED PRODUCTS........................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING ANO RELATED INDUSTRIES ...................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS...................
LEATHER TANNING ANO INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS............................................................
36
35
41
465
4
15
893
39
30
45
1,834
5
18
173
46
109
39
1,778
12
16
376
27
34
33
665
3
13
91
48
163
56
869
12
16
274
61
35
38
781
22
77
287
46
23
54
503
5
42
461
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS . . . .
..........................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ........................
METAL CONTAINERS..............................................................................
HEATING(PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS.SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS...................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ..........................................
289
712
934
19
66
1,017
620
475
1,079
2,470
18
70
1,287
467
282
2,832
785
18
124
1,401
1,676
259
919
813
11
85
1,120
578
461
3,254
1,358
22
1,622
493
907
271
797
1,247
64
108
1,056
788
737
314
1,011
22
34
368
451
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.....................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................................................
CONSTRUCTION*MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
28
13
42
11
349
58
115
62
34
74
20
753
58
673
128
55
51
30
709
59
370
64
22
31
37
1,213
51
497
579
165
208
233
442
65
756
37
25
45
16
764
106
329
18
12
29
11
284
106
62
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS . . .
...................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ........................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.....................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT............................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
279
165
17
1,247
30
414
1,260
1,041
109
25
990
72
1,521
252
1,040
147
93
297
16
311
266
1,104
138
39
369
104
142
1,250
713
81
158
1,301
309
233
125
1,039
787
51
1,391
38
270
603
168
118
15
512
8
208
200
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS ANO ACCESSORIES ............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES ANO EQUIPMENT...................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..........................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..............................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS............................
OPTICAL(OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
22,939
53
42
167
25
280
42
820
24,469
586
91
32
92
39
322
652
15,049
79
59
60
32
907
138
175
39,137
30
732
75
318
88
274
247
34,557
174
37
2,547
73
283
936
72
35,504
128
152
119
34
54
34
325
17,048
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ...................................................
TRANSPORTATION ANO WAREHOUSING...............................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING.....................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ......................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES........................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE........................................................
FINANCE ANO INSURANCE .................................................................
128
1,372
328
116
324
7,642
883
109
1,594
357
122
362
6,538
918
119
1,739
358
132
403
6,585
912
141
1,065
419
169
291
4 ,975
690
163
1,873
374
130
456
7,782
1,024
259
1,519
380
104
286
7,532
961
124
1,468
348
149
296
6 ,380
963
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..........................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT............................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES...............................................
AMUSEMENTS............................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
186
832
3,160
81
115
160
311
127
659
3,332
234
135
151
317
104
471
3,615
194
138
143
338
107
362
4,629
156
104
162
275
121
677
3,552
190
181
156
342
146
837
2,848
84
127
158
332
145
543
4,072
372
130
16 2
281
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES................... .... .
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES .................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ........................
OFFICE SUPPLIES ..............................................................................
TOTAL .....................................................................................................
See footnotes on p. 131.
658
232
0
0
0
53,847
574
254
0
0
0
59,639
560
276
0
0
0
49,562
465
197
0
0
0
68,200
494
311
0
0
0
73,911
481
213
0
0
0
72,043
550
214
0
0
0
44,778
125
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 19802 — Continued
(Producers values - 1958 dollars)3
Industry number and title4
Miscella
neous
manufac
turing
Transpor Communi
cations ,
tation and
except
ware
broad
housing
casting
65
64
66
Radio and
television
broad
casting
Electric,
gas, water
and
sanitary
services
67
68
Wholesale
and
retail
trade
Finance
and
insurance
70
69
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS.....................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ...............................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ..........................................
AGRICULTURAL»FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . . .
IRON AN0 FERROALLOY ORES MINING .....................................
nonferrous metal ores mining ..............................................
COAL MINING..................................... .............................................
140
302
156
60
27
105
59
93
161
18
31
5
11
34
36
71
8
12
1
7
11
208
217
32
75
5
13
26
68
212
17
32
4
13
541
165
249
18
218
3
6
37
131
258
16
41
2
5
33
8.
9.
10.
II.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .....................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ............................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING........................
NEW CONSTRUCTION..........................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ............................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES........................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ...................................................
106
36
27
0
476
14
166
247
18
5
0
1,202
5
111
28
9
2
0
1,211
8
42
63
15
18
0
1,038
22
169
912
23
5
0
2,443
3
75
98
14
3
0
689
7
210
62
10
4
0
716
5
131
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL .............................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . . .
WOODEN CONTAINERS ............................................................ . .
3
749
198
143
75
1,009
15
1
44
27
23
30
90
13
1
21
11
7
24
56
1
4
73
42
21
91
104
3
1
20
9
12
8
109
3
3
41
20
46
27
101
21
3
51
32
17
64
85
3
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES...............................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS, EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ......................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ........................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS...................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS. . . . . . . . .
24
32
1,099
1,062
932
697
847
6
3
148
46
548
117
64
7
2
134
22
855
41
24
19
3
360
104
1,176
517
80
3
3
132
30
453
129
39
9
6
282
133
748
82
49
4
2
422
77
2 ,040
86
45
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS........................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS...................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . . .
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . . .
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ............................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS........................................................
91
144
57
1,844
142
339
240
19
49
167
315
3
7
51
7
23
14
63
1
5
19
27
26
33
164
6
73
43
13
47
59
124
1
5
25
34
21
44
253
2
20
67
26
17
34
173
2
12
25
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ........................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING............................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ...................
METAL CONTAINERS. . .................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .....................................
197
931
1,122
29
64
566
701
74
153
111
9
65
77
136
45
43
78
3
48
26
38
62
85
92
14
46
62
73
140
143
83
7
99
43
286
88
78
56
12
66
55
85
43
51
44
7
33
30
50
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...............................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT............................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
18
22
21
12
150
76
99
69
9
13
27
74
12
51
4
5
4
2
15
6
9
10
11
9
5
33
31
20
13
7
38
10
38
13
40
12
14
15
10
33
22
29
12
15
8
3
23
14
15
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ............................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES...................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ...................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . •
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT........................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . •
357
211
23
270
55
168
129
106
50
12
80
9
42
55
16
38
8
28
5
19
270
37
90
15
59
8
32
722
34
70
11
63
9
36
32
63
93
25
41
14
27
53
28
133
16
30
7
17
74
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ........................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..............................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS......................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..........................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS........................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . •
191
38
203
70
78
79
37
85
87
140
265
250
39
23
117
15
9
12
16
12
25
291
10
19
32
14
30
73
42
10
25
16
17
15
23
56
27
72
36
13
26
85
66
12
24
19
25
17
63
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ...............................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING..........................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING.................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING .................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES...................
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE...................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ............................................................
28,897
1,733
421
131
358
7,992
1,231
90
41,315
717
81
242
4,359
1,772
63
299
23,506
71
115
1,508
449
473
881
1,880
58,324
213
4 ,134
1,726
56
1,291
239
81
11,164
3,068
837
91
711
601
131
483
80,402
1,385
128
1,052
951
236
187
3,951
65,083
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.............................................. ....
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..................................... . ........................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT........................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR ANO SERVICES..........................................
AMUSEMENTS........................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . •
166
681
3,578
221
185
159
324
230
206
2,202
52
1,101
219
238
92
148
1,936
33
71
98
148
436
587
4,464
70
115
38,938
334
132
196
2,197
50
123
85
222
305
641
3,562
48
463
255
230
534
456
6,424
58
205
264
1,038
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES..........................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES........................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ............................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ...................
OFFICE SUPPLIES ..........................................................................
TOTAL .................................................................................................
See footnotes on p. 131.
566
262
0
0
0
64,233
405
1,053
0
0
0
60,116
489
90
0
0
0
32,817
458
172
0
0
0
120,057
2,165
5,542
0
0
0
34,380
1,131
422
0
0
0
95,795
1,650
284
0
0
0
88,005
126
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 19802 — Continued
Industry n u m ber and t it l e 4
(P r o d u c e r s valu es - 1958 d o lla rs ) 3
H o t e ls ,
person a l
R ea l estate
and re p a ir
B u sin ess
and
se r v ice s ,
s e r v ic e s
rental
ex cep t
auto
71
72
73
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS................................. ..... .
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ...................................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS ........................ . . . . .
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES...................
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING ..........................................
6. nonferrous metal ores mining ...................................................
7. COAL MINING ........................................................................................
R esearch
and
d e v e lo p
m ent 6
74
A u tom ob ile
r e p a ir and
s e r v ic e s
75
A m use
m ents
76
M e d ic a l,
edu cational
and
non p rofit
o r g a n iz a
tions
77
452
739
17
110
3
8
21
121
200
32
41
6
18
35
134
293
27
77
5
13
64
16
22
3
5
1
3
3
81
136
21
41
17
28
90
289
226
16
132
2
7
17
208
231
24
44
3
9
34
8.
9.
10.
II.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ..........................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING .................................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...............................
NEW CONSTRUCTION..............................................................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION .................................
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ........................................................
83
25
4
0
2,778
4
84
131
24
13
0
488
23
138
85
16
8
0
539
16
155
6
2
1
0
34
9
22
105
36
9
0
1,060
10
85
42
13
3
0
1,449
4
129
85
17
7
0
1,560
10
277
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.....................................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL .................................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS...................
WOODEN CONTAINERS ..........................................................................
1
28
9
34
12
110
4
2
630
83
514
399
144
6
2
65
33
39
48
165
8
1
17
12
6
19
16
1
1
148
110
49
142
108
7
3
54
27
15
55
88
3
3
78
34
121
6b
108
3
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE .....................................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES...................................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES ..........................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ............................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS........................
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS..........................................
4
3
90
28
371
95
36
54
14
498
159
590
340
179
11
5
942
130
7,033
188
79
8
1
69
24
143
32
23
10
5
216
114
612
229
217
3
3
187
57
857
75
50
5
4
335
116
1,277
191
65
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS............................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS........................................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES ...................
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS...................
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS .................................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS............................................................
18
54
36
87
1
8
28
255
23
74
409
8
57
114
36
19
42
290
3
18
53
19
2
3
111
1
2
29
44
167
43
1,327
4
13
568
16
31
19
121
12
163
27
768
34
35
226
2
18
74
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE ANO CLAY PRODUCTS ............................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING.................................
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING ........................
METAL CONTAINERS..............................................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. . .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS...................
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS ..........................................
100
81
58
8
111
29
45
220
157
159
17
42
134
207
78
136
128
10
42
94
118
12
29
32
2
5
33
24
308
645
271
17
75
312
800
60
67
66
7
58
34
50
75
84
72
30
65
85
80
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES.....................................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT.................................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT...................
7
11
11
7
39
14
21
11
20
11
6
58
33
37
77
99
30
7
91
41
52
3
2
2
1
13
4
6
32
17
23
11
187
31
102
8
9
6
3
19
10
13
8
8
8
4
29
19
19
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS .................................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES........................
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ........................................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.....................................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT............................
RADIO,TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . . .
32
37
15
33
15
29
25
71
73
82
146
195
71
112
81
920
118
115
12
42
203
12
20
9
40
2
13
39
1,123
76
26
133
11
261
75
24
73
13
31
8
22
32
36
70
12
44
10
26
66
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ............................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. .
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT...................................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS..........................................................................
OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT...............................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS............................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . . .
34
8
19
18
10
20
17
1,001
26
52
32
36
316
176
311
23
45
52
32
43
233
633
2
3
7
32
10
6
126
519
2,498
37
56
131
30
66
7
14
13
16
15
123
83
22
21
22
35
310
117
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ...................................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING...............................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING.....................................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING .....................................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE........................................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE .................................................................
42
542
225
78
120
2,928
2,333
723
989
396
108
381
6,135
1,563
373
1,028
1,957
1,855
355
17,424
1,375
42
128
57
34
22
752
128
78
1,151
456
108
600
9,926
2,275
661
726
400
135
189
3,472
2,282
116
854
43C
103
475
3,677
1,204
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL.................................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES,EXCEPT AUTO . .
BUSINESS SERVICES ..........................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT............................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES...............................................
AMUSEMENTS............................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS . .
5,223
625
1,770
40
107
247
174
311
121,941
2,943
73
453
134
274
294
962
50,789
90
290
1,435
190
24
87
920
94,786
13
136
19
288
333
2,929
98
32,566
129
314
381
424
3,677
25
68
102,712
287
396
1,035
2,781
227
132
541
120,901
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...............................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES............................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES .................................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS ........................
OFFICE SUPPLIES ..............................................................................
TOTAL .....................................................................................................
545
351
0
0
0
21,586
412
308
0
0
0
146,461
2,311
266
0
0
0
94,867
65
18
0
0
0
98,890
509
473
0
0
0
66,016
369
154
0
0
0
121,024
389
308
0
0
0
141,090
See footn otes on p. 131.
127
TABLE D-14.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (PRIMARY AND INDIRECT)1 PER BILLION DOLLARS OF DELIVERY TO FINAL DEMAND, 1980* — Continued
(P r o d u c e r s valu es - 1958 d o l la r s ) 3
F ederal
g overn m en t
e n te r
p r is e s
Industry num b er and t it l e 4
78
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS.................................
OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ..........................................
FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTS .....................................
AGRICULTURAL,FORESTRY AND FISHERY SERVICES. . .
IRON AND FERROALLOY ORES MINING .................................
6 . NONFERROUS METAL ORES MINING..........................................
7 . COAL MINING ...............................................................................
State and
G ro s s
lo c a l
im p o rts o f
govern m en t
goods
and
e n te r
s e r v ic e s
p r is e s
7$
"50
B u sin ess
tra v e l,
e n terta in
m ent and
gifts
O ffice
sup plies
------- 52------------------------------------------------------
ffl
1,211
6,453
42
619
9
10
350
58
109
46
38
8
21
522
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,268
2,892
231
491
6
16
40
149
250
140
52
13
48
78
135
35
14
0
640
3
1,288
276
65
15
0
9,960
3
66
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
160
26
13
0
777
35
5,322
130
66
37
0
544
25
195
2
46
23
18
47
98
21
1
30
19
35
13
309
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
149
158
42
166
102
131
27
3
241
68
70
57
1,037
13
3
2
400
127
1,120
317
67
4
9
214
50
733
418
94
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16
5
344
252
653
294
125
11
15
7,206
557
23,546
860
359
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS .................................
STONE AND CLAY MINING AND QUARRYING ........................
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERAL MINING...................
NEW CONSTRUCTION............................ .........................................
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CONSTRUCTION ........................
ORONANCE AND ACCESSORIES...................................................
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS ..............................................
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES............................................................
BROAD AND NARROW FABRICS,YARN AND THREAD MILLS. . .
MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS AND FLOOR COVERINGS . .
APPAREL ........................................................................................
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS . . .
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS. . .
WOODEN CONTAINERS .................................................................
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ............................................................
OTHER FURNITURE AND FIXTURES..........................................
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,EXCEPT CONTAINERS . . .
PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS AND BOXES .................................
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ...................................................
CHEMICALS AND SELECTED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. . . .
PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS.................................
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DRUGS,CLEANING AND TOILET PREPARATIONS...................
PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............................................
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES . . .
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS. . .
LEATHER TANNING AND INDUSTRIAL LEATHER PRODUCTS . .
FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS ........................
GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS...................................................
25
22
71
298
2
21
53
30
181
83
166
1
6
65
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
161
33
100
468
17
267
171
61
43
63
1,056
21
65
172
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
STONE AND CLAY PRODUCTS ...................................................
PRIMARY IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING. . . . . .
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING . . . .
METAL CONTAINERS............................................................
HEATING,PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS. .
STAMPINGS,SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND BOLTS. . .
OTHER FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS .................................
157
104
70
47
34
55
118
306
249
176
18
373
70
264
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
107
197
146
173
50
130
172
275
352
442
23
50
243
474
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
ENGINES AND TURBINES............................................................
FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
CONSTRUCTION,MINING AND OIL FIELD MACHINERY . . . .
MATERIALS HANDLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
METALWORKING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................
SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . . .
GENERAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT. . .
18
38
24
11
37
22
28
11
8
42
17
43
26
44
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32
25
13
14
65
25
41
14
13
21
11
133
127
68
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MACHINE SHOP PRODUCTS ........................................................
OFFICE,COMPUTING AND ACCOUNTING MACHINES. . . .
SERVICE INDUSTRY MACHINES ...............................................
ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS . . . .
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES............................................................
ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND WIRING EQUIPMENT...................
RAD1 0 ,TELEVI SI ON AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. . • •
71
61
10
38
6
25
29
69
57
28
83
29
91
37
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
90
63
24
82
63
47
234
141
323
23
204
195
102
95
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES ...................
MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT..........................................
AIRCRAFT AND PARTS.................................................................
other transportation EQUIPMENT......................................
SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS...................
OPTICAL,OPTHALMIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. . • •
46
32
90
53
49
17
43
43
20
61
18
18
29
44
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
252
47
82
128
107
120
81
144
37
54
75
32
112
3,175
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING ..........................................
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING......................................
COMMUNICATIONS,EXCEPT BROADCASTING............................
RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING ............................
ELECTRIC,GAS,WATER AND SANITARY SERVICES. . . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE...............................................
FINANCE AND INSURANCE ........................................................
77
7,095
373
108
495
4,646
836
92
1,270
334
95
1,491
4,089
1,049
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
368
16,018
502
101
293
9,650
1,430
3,782
1,932
513
137
567
6,244
1,193
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL........................................................
HOTELS,PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO , .
BUSINESS SERVICES .................................................................
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................................................
AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND SERVICES......................................
AMUSEMENTS...................................................................................
MEDICAL,EDUCATIONAL AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS • •
185
293
2,932
109
454
138
163
148
394
2,582
44
136
99
126
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
219
17,385
2,746
81
627
2,093
1,127
212
684
3,746
241
179
169
328
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES......................................
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES...................
GROSS IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES ........................
BUSINESS TRAVEL,ENTERTAINMENT AND GIFTS . . . .
OFFICE SUPPLIES .....................................................................
TOTAL ............................................................................................
84,016
434
0
0
0
117,280
551
38,620
0
0
0
67,045
0
0
0
0
0
0
434
549
0
0
0
73,185
817
378
0
0
0
65,350
See foo tn o te s on p. 131.
1 2 8
.
.
Footnotes to T ab les D - l Through D-14
T able D - l
1 T otal fin al demand is the sum of dem ands from co n su m ers, b u si
n e ss, governm ent, and foreign so u rc e s. The data a re the su m s of tab les
D -3, 4, 6, 7, and 8.
2 Industry num ber and title a re con sisten t with the 1958 input-output
study of the U. S. D epartm ent of C om m erce, Office of B u sin e ss E con om ics,
a s published in the Survey of C urrent B u s in e s s , Septem ber 1965.
3 The data on 1958 p u rch ase s by the F e d e ra l Government, included
in total fin al demand, have been changed to conform with the treatm en t of
r e se a rc h and developm ent in subsequent y e a r s and p rojected 1980. See
appendix A for p a rtic u la rs.
4 The percen t in the title of each m odel— 3 or 4— r e fe r s to the rate
of unemployment assu m e d in that m odel. The b a sic m odels re fle ct a con
tinuation of p ast tren ds in the com position of GNP, m odified to take account
of sp e cific anticipated developm ents. The high durable m odels re fle c t a
com position of GNP m ore heavily weighted tow ard the durable goods com
ponents. See chap. 1 for a d isc u ssio n of the assu m p tio n s.
Table D -2
1
2
3
4
*
See footnote 1, table D - l.
See footnote 2, table D - l.
See footnote 4, table D - l.
Sum s of individual item s m ay not equal to tals becau se of rounding.
L e s s than 0.005 percent.
T able D-3
1 See footnote 2, table D - l.
2 T ra v e l re c e ip ts from foreign v isito r s to the United S tates w ere d is
tributed am ong the individual producing in d u strie s for all y e a r s . T h erefo re,
the 1958 data differ from that p resen ted in the D epartm ent of C o m m e rc e d
1958 input-output table where it is shown a s a single item in industry 85. Off
setting adjustm en ts a lso have been m ade in net ex p orts, a s shown in table D -6.
3 See footnote 4, table D - l.
T able D -4
1 G ro ss p rivate dom estic investm ent includes re sid en tial stru c tu re s,
n on residen tial stru c tu re s, p ro d u cers* durable equipment and change in
b u sin e ss in ven tories.
2 See footnote 2, table D - l.
3 See footnote 4, table D - l.
Table D-5
1 P ro d u c e rs' durable equipment is a p a r t o f g r o s s private dom estic in
vestm ent and, th erefo re, the data in this table a lso a re included in table D -4.
2 See footnote 2, table D - l.
3 See footnote 4, table D - l.
129
Footnotes—Continued
Table D -6
1
The detailed en tries re fle c t g r o s s exports and goods and se r v ic e s
from each producing industry.
Im ports in total are shown as negative
en tries in these colum ns on row 80.
T h erefore, the sum of each column
equals the GNP component, nnet exports of goods and s e r v ic e s 1' for the
ap propriate y ear or m odel.
2 See footnote
2 , table D - l.
3 See footnote
2 , table D -3.
4 See footnote
4, table D - l.
Table D -7
l
2
3
See footnote 2 , table D - l.
See footnote 3, table D - l.
See footnote 4, table D - l.
T able D - 8
1
See footnote 2 , table D - l.
2 See
footnote 4, table D - l.
Table D-9
1 A v erage annual ra te s
tab les and b ase d on term in al
2 See footnote 2, table
3 See footnote 4, table
of change com puted from compound in te rest
y e a r s.
D - l.
D - l.
Table D- 10
1 Includes wage and sa la r y em ployees, self-em p loyed and unpaid
fam ily w o rk ers.
2 Em ploym ent in governm ent e n te rp rise s (in du stries 78 and 79) is
included in gen eral governm ent (industry 84).
3 F o r derivation of civilian employm ent control totals se e chap. 2,
table 11.
4 See footnote
4, table D - l.
D -11
See
See
See
See
l
2
3
4
footnote 1, table D -10.
footnote 1, table D -9.
footnote 4, table D - l.
footnote 2 , table D -10.
Table D-12
1 A g ricu ltu ral
w o rk ers, a s w ell a s
2 See footnote
3 See footnote
130
em ploym ent includes self-em p loy ed and unpaid fam ily
wage and sa la ry em ployees.
2, table D -10.
4, table D - l.
Footnote s — Continued
Table D-13
1 The fig u re s in each column show d ire c t p u rch ase s per dollar of
g r o s s output by the industry nam ed at the top.
2 Valuation of tran sactio n s is at the site of production and excludes
co st of tran sportin g and handling n e c e ssa ry to bring the item to the final
u se r .
3 See footnote 2, table D - l.
4 The total shown for each industry is the sum of all d ire ct p u rch ase s
of m a te r ia ls and se r v ic e s inputs. It does not equal 1. 0 becau se value added
and the sc r a p and byproduct adjustm ent a re not included.
5 The treatm en t of this industry has been changed from the 1958
input-output study. See appendix A for p a rtic u la rs.
Table D- 14
1 P rim a ry employment is employment req u ired in the industry p ro
ducing the product or se rv ic e .
This includes not only the employment
initially req u ired by this industry but any in d irect employment effect from
its supporting in d u strie s1 req u irem en ts. In direct employment co v ers e m
ployment in each of the supporting in d u strie s.
Em ploym ent co v ers wage
and sa la r y em ployees, self-em p loyed and unpaid fam ily w o rk ers.
Em ploym ent is not gen erated by the following in d u stries b ecau se they
do not pu rch ase goods and se r v ic e s from other in d u strie s: G ro ss im ports
of goods and se r v ic e s (80); sc ra p , u sed and secondhand goods (83); r e st
of the w orld (85); and inventory valuation adjustm ent (87).
T here is no
em ploym ent in b u sin e ss tra v e l, entertainm ent and gifts (81); and office
supplies (82) which are dummy se c to rs within the input-output fram ew ork
and serv e a s a cen tral distributing m echan ism for item s produced by variou s
in d u stries but with a sim ila r distribution pattern.
2 The fig u res in each column show total employm ent d irectly a ttrib
utable to $ 1 billion of delivery to final demand by the industry nam ed at
the top. Em ploym ent shown does not include any m u ltip lier effects from
respending of income gen erated.
3 V aluation of final demand is at the site of production and excludes
co st of tran sportin g and handling n e c e ssa ry to bring the item to the final
u se r .
4 See footnote 4, table D - l .
5 See footnote 5, table D -13.
SOURCES: F in al demand data for 1958 a re from the U. S. Departm ent
of C om m erce, Office of B u sin e ss E con om ics, Survey of C urrent B u s in e s s ,
Septem ber 1965. A ll other h isto ric a l data and the 1980 projection s w ere
p rep ared by the U. S. D epartm ent of L ab o r, Bureau of L ab or S ta tistic s.
131
☆ U.S.
GOVERNM ENT PRINTING O FFICE:
1970 0— 382-910
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON, D.C.
20212
O F F I C I A L B U S IN E S S
I
T H IR D
C LA SS
M A IL
@FedFRASER