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Occupational Wage Survey TRENTON, NEW JERSEY \ DECEMBER 1963 Bulletin No. 1385-27 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABO R STA TISTICS Ewan C la gu e , Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey TRENTON, NEW JERSEY DECEMBER 1963 Bulletin No. 1385-27 February 1964 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR W . W illard W irtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STA TISTICS Ewan C lagu a, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 20 cents Contents P reface Page The Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual occupational wage surveys in metropolitan areas is de signed to provide data on occupational earnings, and e s tablishment practices and supplementary wage provisions. It yields detailed data by selected industry divisions for metropolitan area labor m arkets, for economic regions, and for the United States. A major consideration in the program is the need for greater insight into (a) the m ove ment of wages by occupational category and skill level, and (b) the structure and level of wages among labor m arkets and industry divisions. Wage trends for selected occupational groups.___________________________ Tables: 1. 2. A: Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number stu d ied ________________________________________________ Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percents of increase for selected periods__________________ Occupational earnings:* A - 1. Office occupations—men and women________________ - _______ A -2 . P rofessional and technical occupations— men and wom en____________________ -________________________ A -3 . Office, professional, and technical occupations— men and women com bin ed ________ _______________ A -4 . Maintenance and powerplant occupations_________ A - 5. Custodial and m aterial movement occupations___ Appendix: Occupational descriptions_____________________________________ Eighty-two labor markets currently are included in the program . Information on occupational earnings is collected annually in each area. Information on estab lishment practices and supplementary wage provisions is obtained biennially in m ost of the areas. This bulletin presents results of the survey in Trenton, N. J. , in Decem ber 1963. It was prepared in the Bureau*s regional office in New York, N .Y . , by Gerald P. Iannuzzi, under the direction of Harold A . Barletta. The study was under the general direction of Frederick W . M u eller, A ssistan t Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available for other a re as. (See inside back c o v er.) Union sca les, indicative of prevailing pay levels in the Trenton area, are also available for building construc tion, printing, local-transit operating em ployees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. m 2 2 4 5 I O nO N A prelim inary report and an individual area bulletin present survey results for each labor market studied. A fter completion of all of the individual area bulletins for a round of surveys, a two part summary bulletin is issued. The first part brings data for each of the labor m arkets studied into one bulletin. The second part presents information which has been projected from individual labor market data to relate to economic regions and the United States. 3 9 O ccupational W age Survey—T ren ton , N.J. Introduction Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w orkers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude p re mium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but co st-of-liv in g bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-tim e salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U. S. D e partment of Labor’ s Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide b asis. This bulletin presents current occupational employment and earnings information obtained largely by mail from the establishments visited by Bureau field economists in the last previous survey for occupations reported in that earlier study. Personal visits were made to nonrespondents and to those respondents reporting unusual changes since the previous survey. In each a rea, data are obtained from representative estab lishm ents within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; tran s portation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and serv ices. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government opera tions and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria. Differences in pay levels for selected occupations in which both men and women are commonly employed may be due to such factors as (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among in dustries and establishments; (2) differences in length of service or m erit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis; and (3) differences in specific duties perform ed, although the occu pations are appropriately classified within the same survey job de scription. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual establishments. This allows for minor differences among establish ments in specific duties performed. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of sm all establishments is studied. In combining the data, however, a ll establishments are given their appropriate weight. E s tim ates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. Occupational employment estim ates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishm ents, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differ ences in occupational structure do not m aterially affect the accuracy of the earnings data. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material m ove ment. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment variation in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study are listed and described in the appendix. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described are not presented in the A -s e r ie s tables because either (1) employment in the occupation is too sm all to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is p o ssi bility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Establishment P ractices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Tabulations on selected establishment practices and supple mentary wage provisions (B -se r ie s tables) are not presented in this bulletin. Information for these tabulations is collected biennially in this area. These tabulations on minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced women office workers; shift differentials; scheduled weekly hours; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are presented (in the B -s e r ie s tables) in previous bulletins for this area. 1 2 Table 1. Establishm ents and w orkers within scope o f survey and number studied in Trenton, N. J . , 1 by m ajor industry d iv isio n ,2 D ecem b er 1963 Number o f establishm ents Industry d ivision Within scope o f study * Studied W orkers in establishm ents Within scop e o f study * Studied A ll d ivision s---- -------- -------------- ------------- --------------- -----— ------- 184 82 4 7 ,4 0 0 33.8 60 Manufacturing------- ---------------------------- — — 109 75 49 33 3 5,300 12, 100 26,4 30 7 ,4 3 0 11 8 25 9 22 9 2 9 4 9 3, 500 500 3 ,8 0 0 1,700 2 ,6 0 0 3 ,4 1 0 140 1,5 4 0 990 1,3 5 0 — -— ---------------- Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilitie s 5 -------- ------------ -------- -----------------— W holesale trade 6 — R etail trade 6— ---Finance, insurance, and re a l estate 6 ------------------- —----S ervices 6» 7-------------------------------------- !-------------------------------- 1 The Trenton Standard M etropolitan Statistical A rea con sists o f M ercer County. The "w o rk e rs within scop e o f study" estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accu rate d e scrip tion o f the size, and com position o f the labor fo r c e included in the su rv ey. The estim ates a re not intended, how ever, to serve as a basis o f co m p a rison with other em ploym ent indexes fo r the a rea to m easu re em ploym ent trends o r le v e ls sin ce (1) planning o f wage surveys req u ires the use o f establishm ent data com piled con sid era b ly in advance o f the p a yroll p e rio d studied, and (2) sm all establishm ents a re excluded fro m the scop e o f the survey. 2 The 1957 re v ise d edition o f the Standard Industrial C la ssifica tion Manual was used in cla ss ify in g establishm ents by industry division . 3 Includes all establishm ents with total em ploym ent at o r above the minimum lim itation (50 e m p lo y e e s). A ll outlets (within the area) o f com panies in such industries as trade, finance, auto rep a ir s e r v ic e , and m otion picture theaters are co n sid e re d as 1 establishm ent. 4 Includes all w orkers in all establishm ents with total em ploym ent (within the area) at o r above the m inim um lim ita tion (50 em p lo y e e s). 5 Taxicabs and s e rv ice s incidental to water transportation w ere excluded. 6 This industry d ivision is rep resented in estim ates fo r "a ll in d u stries" and "nonm anufacturing" in the S eries A ta b les. Separate p resentation' o f data fo r this d ivision is not made fo r one o r m o re o f the follow ing reasons: (1) Employment in the d ivisio n is too sm a ll to p rovid e enough data to m erit separate study, (2) the sam ple was not designed in itially to perm it separate presentation, (3) resp on se was in su fficien t o r inadequate to perm it separate presentation, and (4) there is p o ssib ility o f d isclo s u re o f individual establishm ent data. 7 H otels: personal s e r v ic e s ; business s e r v ic e s ; autom obile re p a ir shops; m otion pictures; n on profit m em b ersh ip organ ization s; and engineering and a rch itectu ral s e r v ic e s . Table 2. Indexes o f standard w eekly sala ries and straight-tim e hourly earnings f o r s e le c te d occupational grou p s, and percen ts o f in cre a se fo r selected p eriod s, Trenton, N. J. Index (D ecem b er 1960=100) Industry and occupational group P e rce n ts o f in cre a se D ecem b er 1963 D ecem ber 1962 to D ecem ber 1963 D e ce m b e r 1961 to D e ce m b e r 1962 D ecem b er I960 to D ecem b er 1961 A ll industries: O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and women) __ Industrial nurses (m en and wom en)------------Skilled maintenance (men) Unskilled plant (m e n )------------------------------------ 106.6 118.3 107.5 110.8 1 .6 4 .4 1.9 4 .3 2 .2 5 .2 2 .3 4 .2 2 .6 7 .8 3 .1 2 .0 Manufacturing: O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and women) Industrial nurses (m en and women) Skilled m aintenance (m en)---------------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )---------------------------- ------- 105.4 118.8 107. 1 110.5 .8 4 .9 2. 2 3 .8 2 .3 5. 1 2. 1 3 .7 2 .2 7 .7 2 .6 2 .6 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P resented in table 2 are indexes and percentages of change in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial n urses, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerica l workers and industrial n u rses, the p er centages of change relate to average weekly salaries for norm al hours of w ork, that i s , the standard work schedule for which straight-tim e salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they m easure changes in average straight-tim e hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and in clude m ost of the numerically important jobs within each group. The office clerica l data are based on men and women in the following 19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerk s, accounting, cla ss A and B; cle rk s, file , class A , B , and C; c lerk s, order; clerk s, payroll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B; office boys and g ir ls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenogra phers, senior; switchboard operators; tabulating-machine operators, class B; and typ ists, cla ss A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on men and women industrial nurses. Men in the following 8 skilled maintenance jobs and 2 unskilled jobs are included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; m e chanics; m echanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and die m akers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers, m aterial handling. A verage weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earnings w ere then multiplied by employment in each of the jobs during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the group aggregate for the one year to the aggregate for the other year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is the percentage of change from the one period to the other. The indexes were computed by multiplying the ratios for each group aggregate for each period after the base year (1961). The indexes and percentages of change m easu re, principally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) m erit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force resulting from labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and lower the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. Sim ilarly, the movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other establishments in the area. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effect of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. The percentages of change reflect only changes in average pay for straight-tim e hours. They are not influenced by changes in standard work schedules, as such, or by premium pay for overtime. A: Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division. Trenton. N .J ., December 1963) Athu os Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF $40 Weekly | W sd dy, and hours * earnings (Standard) (Standard) under $45 $45 $50 $55- $60 $65 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 _ _ _ - _ - - _ - 10 10 5 5 1 1 9 5 9 9 9 9 7 7 1 1 _ - 1 4 - - 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 _ 15 14 4 2 1 1 _ 2 _ _ _ 1 - 1 2 2 _ 2 - - - - “ _ 4 4 3 15 14 _ - 10 10 2 1 - 6 1 1 - 4 - - _ - 1 - - _ - 5 3 7 12 2 9 8 8 12 17 17 6 6 47 27 35 19 13 15 12 12 7 7 4 4 15 15 5 5 _ - 3 3 _ - 2 56 3 _ - _ _ - 8 8 4 3 1 _ 2 1 _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ l - - _ _ _ - - _ _ - _ . _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ ' _ _ - _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ 38 34 4 _ _ 18 14 4 _ _ 8 9 9 10 10 _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ _ _ 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $ 10 0 $105 $ 110 $115 $ 120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 i Sex. occupation, and industry d ivision $80 $85 $90 $95 $ 10 0 $105 $ 110 $115 $ 120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 over _ - 2 2 6 6 3 3 1 1 6 _ 5 . 4 4 _ _ _ - - - - - - _ - . - 1 1 2 2 1 1 - _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ - and Men C le r k s , accounting, c la s s A ____________ M anufacturing _ _ _ 64 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 $104.50 105.00 C le r k s , accounting, c la s s B 27 3 9 .5 102.50 O ffice boys M anufacturing 47 40 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 61.50 60.50 - - 14 14 7 5 26 37. 5 64.50 _ _ _ 15 - 2 1 2 - _ - 13 3 34 5 5 15 8 2 9 31 17 5 4 9 18 10 2 _ - 4 4 - 12 15 9 8 5 5 - - 1 1 2 2 2 2 22 19 21 15 9 14 12 9 11 4 7 5 12 6 3 8 2 3 3 3 3 17 7 20 12 8 46 32 14 3 3 14 9 5 41 18 23 22 38 34 4 42 31 - - 2 1 14 - 5 5 6 7 7 14 9 11 20 6 15 5 68 ! _ _ j 1 _ W om en B ille r s , m achine (billin g m a ch in e )_____ Bookkeeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs , c la s s B __ N onm anufacturing__-__ . . . ____—---- ------ 45 29 38. 5 3 9 .0 70.50 64.00 C le r k s , accounting, c la s s A M anufacturing 91 70 39 .5 3 9 .5 90.00 91.00 252 138 38 .0 4 0 .0 71.50 78.00 C le rk s , file , c la s s B 33 39 .0 59.50 _ C le r k s , file , c la s s C 68 3 9.0 55.00 _ C le rk s , accounting, cla s s B_____________ M anufacturing 3 22 _ 51 4 0 .0 72.00 _ 10 1 82.00 65 36 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 8.5 8 6 .0 0 Keypunch op e r a to r s , cla s s A .... . - , -----------------------M an u far^ rin g----- 47 44 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 82.00 82.50 Keypunch op e r a to r s , c la s s B____________ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing_____________________ 106 60 46 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 3 7 .0 69.50 77.00 60.50 S ecreta ries M anufacturing-------------------------------------N onmanufacturing 537 423 114 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 1 0 0 .0 0 8 9 .0 0 Stenographers, general M anufacturing N nnmaniifarhiring 229 159 70 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 75.00 77.00 70.00 _ - 74 63 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 85.50 87.50 _ - Sw itchboard op erators Nonmanufacturing 84 61 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 66.50 59.50 12 12 5 5 10 10 6 6 Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ____ M anufacturing __ 72 59 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 73.50 74.00 - - 1 - 3 3 - - - - - 7 1 1 14 25 13 30 13 27 57 44 13 46 34 28 24 4 23 ... S tenograp hers. sen ior M anufacturing __ T abulating-m achine o p e ra to rs , c la s s B — T y p ists, cla s s A M anufacturing _ T yp ists, c la s s B M anufacturing_________________________ Nonmanufacturing_____________________ 74.50 97.50 26 3 9 .5 83.50 - 132 80 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 76.50 79.00 _ 263 192 71 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 38 .0 66.50 69.50 58.50 ■ 10 2 . - 15 15 - 8 - _ - . - - 14 14 31 14 17 20 7 9 9 8 10 15 7 12 5 7 8 _ _ _ 16 14 12 12 13 9 4 - 5 5 _ - _ _ _ - 1 1 2 2 1 1 14 14 1 1 2 2 1 1 53 33 39 36 3 53 41 59 53 6 57 54 3 62 53 9 35 23 12 25 18 7 13 15 8 5 10 5 _ 15 15 1 1 _ _ 16 12 23 23 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 2 1 4 3 4 3 2 5 _ _ 4 4 . 2 1 2 5 5 10 10 9 7 4 4 1 1 1 1 _ - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 2 3 8 1 2 2 _ 1 - - _ _ _ . _ 21 12 15 15 5 5 12 11 9 4 4 _ . 3 3 . . - _ - _ - ' _ _ _ - _ . _ _ 6 11 22 1 14 9 5 20 9 2 8 2 4 _ _ ! 1 1 16 16 1 1 7 6 1 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours, 5 2 C le r k s , pa y roll M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing_____________________ C le r k s , o rd e r 17 1 12 1 3 3 - 5 3 5 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area b a sis by industry d iv isio n , T renton, N. J. , D e ce m b e r 1963) Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF- $85 ~$90~ $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 o $95 V* $80 $75 and under $80 $85 i WeeUy WeeUy hours 1 earnings 1 (Standard) (Standard) If) Number of worker* 5t S ex, occu pation , and industry d ivision $150 $155 $160 $165 $170 $175 H 8 0 $185 and $155 $160 $165 $170 $175 $180 $185 over M en ---D ra ftsm en , s en ior — M anufacturing----------------- --------------------- 4 0 .0 $167.50 40. (T T5T. 56 37 37 D ra ftsm en , l e a d e r . ___ M anufacturing--------------------------------------- 138. 00 135. 50 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 225 193 4 0 .0 4 6 .5 " 97 M anufactur ing--------------------------------------- ----- 55 103.00 99.00 _ _ - - 9 9 _ - 6 ~ E ~ 8 8 _ 14 "T T " 3 3 2 2 6 6 9 9 7 7 17 17 12 12 3 3 1 9 9 7 7 1 1 17 17 _ - 17 17 18 18 18 5 8 8 1 6 _ 6 6 _ id 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 12 12 - 7 7 1 1 20 20 20 16 40 32 22 14 7 3 13 9 7 3 6 6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - “ ' ' W om en 106. 50 39.5 4 6 .0 'j “ 1(57755 38 M anufacturing--------------------------------------- ------35 3 5 2 2 4 2 1 " ” 5 5 - ' Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em ployees r e c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e s a la rie s and the earnings c o rre s p o n d to these w eekly hours. Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an a re a b a sis by industry d iv isio n , T renton, N. J. , D e ce m b e r 1963) O ccupation and industry d iv isio n of Average weekly earning*1 (Standard) 27 $65. 50 49 29 70. 00 64. 06 96.00 97. 60 74. 50 Number worker* . r l a s a R ........ N onm anufacturing. ............................ .— ----------------- n n n lr lr s a p in g .m a r h ir ie n p p r a t n r a 159 134 M am i f^ r h ir in g a r r n u n H n jf, r l a a a R . _ ..... _ M anufactur i n g -------------------------------------------------------- r is r lc B j C le r k s , f il e , c la s s B — C le r k s , file , c la s s C n r r lp r ...................... .... Avfa m i f a s p i r i n g ------------— 279 169 33 S U 7 W 59.50 68 55.00 75 83. 50 115 *70 7o 37 47 81.00 ------------------------ 44 — $69. 50 Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B ------5J T ~ “ 77.66" 60. 50 T y p ists, cla s s A 46 M anufacturing 66 62 00 52 T y p ists, cla s s B M anufactur ing M n n m a v iiif a r f i i r i n g Stenographers, general M anufacturing N onm anufacturing...... ___ __ 97.50 100 . Oo 89.00 P r o fe s s io n a l and technical oc c u ations • 75.00 229 ' 1 6 9 " “ 77.66" M anufacturing 70.00 70 74 85. 50 D raftsm en, se n io r . ----- £3— 87. 50 AA DU AH OO* Sw itchboard o p e ra to r -r e c e p tio n ists M a n u fa c t u r in g of Average weekly earning* (Standard) 45 $89.50 Number workers 106 |JQ 74. 50 82.00 82. 56 O ccupation and industry d ivision 538 424 114 S e cre ta rie s M anufacturing Earnings rela te to regu lar straigh t-tim e w eekly sa la ries that a re paid fo r standard w ork w eeks. Average weekly . earning* 1 (Standard) O ffice occupations— Continued Keypunch o p e ra to rs , c la s s B _ M anufacturing M a n il f a r t n r i n g C le r k s , p a y r o l l _____________________________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g of O ffice occupations— Continued O ffice occupations r ia r k a , Number O ccupation and industry division ----- 61 72 69 5936“ 73. 50 74. 00 D raftsm en, ju n io r . M anufacturing-------------------------------------- ------------------M anufacturing 134 ------52 265 T9i 71 37 ------57“ 76. 50 79.66" 66.50 69.66" 58. 50 167.50 1 6 7 ! 60 227 195 97 66 138. 00 135.60" 103. 00 99.00 38 ------ 55 106.50 ' 107.66" 6 Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Trenton, N.J., December 1963) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation and industry d ivision Number of workers Average $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 hourly Under and earnings1 $ 1 .9 0 under $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $ 2 .6 0 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $ 2 .2 0 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $ 2 .9 0 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $ 2 .1 0 and 58 54 $2.81 2 .8 6 3 - 215 201 3.07 3.05 " “ 90 78 2 .9 6 2 .8 8 . _ 150 142 2.46 2.50 8 _ M anufacturing “ ■ Mamina rfnrin|y 46 32 2.37 .... 2723"“ 2 2 7 ---- 7— 186 177 3.09 3.06 - - - - - - 82 31 51 48 - ■ 3 3 - . 3.89 3.04 3.06 7 ? 4 4 - ! I---- E le c tr ic ia n s , maintenance Manufacturing P u blic u tilities 23 252 247 M illw rights 120 13d O ilers Manufacturing ................. Manufacturing _ .. 117 115 306 3U5 . " 2 .9 8 2.76 2.76 3.22 3.33 2.42 57 — r r ~ " "2.4T 1 49 44 - . ~ ■ . 3 3 - 1 1 - 7 7 - - - - _ 6 6 9 5 26 36 37 36 7 7 7 7 19 19 17 17 30 30 4 4 - 43 42 3 - - 5 “ - 4 4 - 5 - - - - 5 - - 6 6 - * 5 5 5 5 25 25 4 3 9 9 7 .... 7 6 6 15 15 46 46 24 24 19 19 5 5 . - 4 4 - - “ 7 7 - - 12 6 5 3 3 14 5 5 4 4 36 36 5 29 29 1 8 8 18 18 38 38 1 1 - 35 32 3 - 9 2 - 6 _ - - 3 3 3 3 2 2 - 1 - - 1 1 - - 54 54 - - - - - 13 n 3 3 - 40 40 2 10 4 4 6 6 1 1 _ . " - “ . . - - - 36 6 - “ — r H “ T2 — “ 2 2 3 13 ------T ~ ~ T ~ ----- 3“ “ n — - ■ - - - - 21 6 - 2 - 17 17 “ 8 8 - 15 15 22 22 25 35 77 77 18 13 21 21 3 3 41 41 31 31 2 - 3 18 1$ 6 6 - 4 4 1 13 T3 5 5 “ - - - 7 ------ 7“ - ~ 12 3 3 - i i l l 13 9 ■ ■ 6 6 12 “ 13 29 3d _ . 18 16 17 - " - _ ■ _ 6 _ - ! 1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 Workers were distributed as follows: 3 at $1.60 to $1.70; and 3 at $1.70 to $1.80. 6 6 14 14 ■ . 2 2 2 2 * 3.04 3.03 9 9 4 4 * . - 5 8 8 “ " 11 11 - - - 2 2 ~ - * 8 8 6 “ 2 2 - . - _ - 2.93 2797"“ 3.44 3.44" 2 2 - over _ 1 13 ~YJ~ 9 1 8 l 8 2 11 3 11 ~ 13 36 24 24 9 9 17 17 — W~ 33 ~~3T ~ 21 —t t j 1 _ - _ " 6 - ~ - _ - . - - - - - - - - - “ - - “ - - - - - 11 11 138 138 22 22 2 ~ 8 8 lo - Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (Average straight-tim e hourly earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Trenton, N .J ., D ecem ber 1963) O ccupation1 and industry division Number of worker* NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Average $1.00 $ 1. 10 $1.20 $1.30 $1.40 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $ 3.20 hourly , and earning* and under $1.10 $1.20 $1.30 $1.40 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 over Elevator operators, passenger 57 57 Guards and watchmen __ Manufacturing _ ------Guards — ----- Watchmen . .. - ____ 164 147 113 34 2 .2 2 2.32 2.46 1.86 10 10 - Janitors, p orters, and (men) --------Manufacturing _ _ Nonmanufacturing 407 287 120 2.01 2.15 1.68 2 2 3 3 27 27 3 3 - 8 8 23 2 21 19 4 15 13 12 1 Janitors, p o r te r s , and cleaners (women) __ __ ---- __ Manufacturing _ . __ Nonmanufacturing . . . . 157 42 115 1.50 2. 16 1.26 16 16 4 4 72 72 16 16 L a borers, m aterial handling--------------Manufacturing _. __ ._ ___ __ Nonmanufacturing___________________ Public utilities 3 — _ 427 357 70 51 2.17 2.12 2.43 2.88 O rder fille rs Manufacturing 90 90 160 137 2.36 2.36 2.40 2.45 3 3 1 - 3 3 _ 1 1 11 9 2 _ - 49 44 2 2 _ 1 1 18 18 5 5 _ 1 1 " 2 2 2.24 2.27 9 9 _ 5 5 9 3 6 _ 6 _ 54 54 2.32 2.32 - - 77 6i - - - - IA I _ _ _ _ 2 - - - - 2 cleaners . ---- _ __ .. .. __ . P a ck ers, shipping Manufacturing ... Receiving clerk s — _ Shipping clerk s Manufacturing ------- . ---_ Shipping and receiving clerk s T ru ck d riv ers 4 _ _ _ Manufacturing— ____________________ NonmanufacturingT ru ck d rivers, medium (IV 2 to and including 4 tons) T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra iler type) Manufacturing___________________ Nonmanufacturing_______________ Public utilities 3 ______________ T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra iler type) T ru ck ers, pow er (fo r k lift)____________ T ru ck ers, power (other than forklift) _ __ ___ Manufactu ring_______ _______________ 1 2 3 4 349 rzi> 224 140 $ 1 . 15 — n rr 2.41 2.71 — Z7?4~ 2.86 1 no v7 27 27 - 20 20 12 - 6 6 6 5 - - 8 8 8 2 2 2 - - _ - - 8 8 7 1 25 26 16“ r r r 8 9 60 59 1 72 70 2 - • - - - - 47 2.65 - - - - - - - 2 364 345 2.44 2 .4 3 2.39 - 70 4 54 ----- T l 16 2 2 17 13 4 33 33 " - " - - “ . - - - - - - - 6 6 10 10 11 11 _ 61 61 13 13 67 67 2 2 50 50 7 7 17 17 - 36 36 28 28 2 2 36 35 1 1 12 12 17 17 4 4 5 2 2 2 33 19 7 _ 3 1 1 _ _ 1 1 . _ _ _ _ 7 7 7 _ - 7 7 50 50 50 _ 4 8 8 3 - — 3“ 7 29 29 1 1 5 4 - 1 1 - 10 3 - - . 5 6 _ _ 25 25 25 110 110 110 4 - 12 12 4 26 11 18 18 1 20 29 29 44 44 15 15 26 ~TT~ ~ T T -----5“ — z r 14 15 20 —n r _ - - 2 7 — T~ — 3“ 4 - - 10 10 (j - - - 6 - 24 24 24 2 2 - 2.89 2.46 3.04 3.13 30 30 30 9 9 2 168 42 125 no - 8 8 . - 2.50 2.16 - 5 5 1 1 - 5 5 5 3 2 1 2 _ 20 2o 20 13 13 2 11 5 5 2 2 6 4 _ Data lim ited to men w orkers except where otherwise indicated. Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. Includes all d rivers regardless of size and type of truck operated. 10 10 8 2 46 46 _ - 96 26 47 47 13 13 13 - 8 8 2 6 8 TO- g - 4 - 6 2 4 - 4 3 - 13 4 1 — r~ - — T 4 9 5 9 15 8 n r - ----- V 5 - 2 ----- 2“ 24 24 - - 2 37 3 4 16 TT~ — r~ - 15 1 16 — r~ -------- 2 - 14 14 - 12 11 g 41 7 34 ~ - 27 . 9 _ - 7 - - no - - 110 110 - - - - 7 - 3 - -----3— - - - 3 - - - 1 22 - - - 16 - - 24 24 57 57 113 108 39 39 6 3 24 23 fy 11 11 9 47 47 13 10 6 2 10 10 6 . 2 1 TT" — z~ — r . - - _ _ _ 2 ■ ~ “ 19 19 - - - - - 2 3 6 — 6“ --- ?> “ 11 5 2 Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose o f preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety o f payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping o f occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because o f this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bu reau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electrom atic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type o f machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A . Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure o f the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution o f debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (hilling machine). Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in v oices from custom ers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry o f necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number o f carbon cop ies o f the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set o f records usually requiring little knowledge o f basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). U ses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ b ills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry o f figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number o f vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge o f book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slip s. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class .4 . Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 9 10 CLERK, ACCOUNTING—Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, adjusting, and closin g journal entries; and may direct cla ss B ac counting clerks. Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple co s t accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge o f accounting and book keeping principles but is found in o ffice s in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A # In an established filing system containing a number o f varied subject matter file s, cla ssifie s and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records o f various types in con junction with the file s. May lead a small group o f lower level file clerks. Class B# Sorts, cod es, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly cla ssified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service file s. CLERK, ORDER R eceives customers 9orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities o f items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating o f customer, acknowledge receipt o f orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file o f orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages o f company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers 9 earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and d is tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis tical or other type o f clerk, which may involve frequent use o f a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance o f other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Class C mPerforms routine filing o f material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily cla ssified in a simple serial classification system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ica l). As requested, loca tes readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies o f typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file o f used sten cils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 11 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C lass A . Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application o f coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class B . Under clo s e supervision or following sp e cific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follow s sp ecified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and SECRETARY— Continued making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain file s, keep simple records, or perform other rela tively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain file s, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree o f stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge o f general busi ness and office procedures and o f the sp ecific business operations, organization, p o licie s, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup file s; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. 12 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls. May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who a lso act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATO R-Continued Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, e tc., with sp ecific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions o f a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties o f operator on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerica l work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerica l work may take the major part o f this worker9s time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A. Operates a variety o f tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without clo se supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety o f long and complex re ports which often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences o f long and com plex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabula ting-machine operations and day-to-day supervision o f the work and production o f a group o f tabulating-machine operators. Class Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp ecific instructions and may include the performance o f some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts o f a longer and more com plex report. Such reports and studies are usually o f a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation o f the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or sp ecia lized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST U ses a typewriter to make co p ie s o f various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing o f sten cils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do cle rica l work involving little sp ecia l training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A. Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources err responsibility for correct spellin g, syllabication, punc tuation, e tc., o f technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing o f com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B. Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance pol ic ie s , etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 13 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN DRAFTSMAN —Continued Leader . Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation o f working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; deter mining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and in specting their work; and performing more difficult problems. May a ss is t subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. Senior. Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cr o ss-se ctio n s, e tc., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams, and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units o f com plete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a spe cia lize d field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. Junior (assistant). Draws to scale units or parts o f drawings prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types o f drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction o f a draftsman. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general medical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who be come ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other estab lishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing o f employees* in juries; keeping records o f patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carry ing out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evalu ation o f plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, wel fare, and safety o f all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPEN TER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made o f wood in an establishment. Work involves, most of the following: Planning and laying out o f work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter*s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 14 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety o f electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair o f equipment for the generation, d is tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any o f a variety o f electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, iayouts, or other sp ecification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of ele ctricia n s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties o f lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind o f work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may a lso supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation o f machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establish ments employing more than one engineer are excluded . MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation o f one or more types o f machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction o f machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree o f accuracy; using a variety o f pre cision measuring instruments; selectin g feeds, speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to se le ct proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or o il burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, o il, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts o f mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and specification s; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety o f ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping o f metal parts to clo s e toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, tooling, feeds, and speeds o f machining; knowledge o f the working 15 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE-Continued MILLWRIGHT properties o f the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out o f the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers o f gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors o f an e s tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source o f trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or sp ecia lized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or d efective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work o f the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually a c quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use o f handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production o f a re placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work o f a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this cla ssifica tion are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of. mechanical equipment o f an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge o f surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or con sisten cy. In general, the work o f the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out o f work and measuring to locate position o f pipe from draw ings or other written sp ecification s; cutting various s iz e s of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 16 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE—Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued and fastening pipe to hangers;making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and siz e of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specification s. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded . types o f sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety o f handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work o f the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system o f an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation o f vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, sh elves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) o f an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and lay ing out all types o f sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other sp ecification s; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out o f work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written sp ecifica tion s; using a variety o f tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding o f the working properties o f common metals and alloys; setting up and operating o f machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, speeds, feeds, and tooling o f machines; heattreating o f metal parts during fabrication as well as o f finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assem bling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; and selectin g appro priate materials, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tio n . CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors o f an o ffice building, apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those o f starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine p olice duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where n ecessary. Includes gate- men who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. 17 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance serv ices; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who sp ecia lize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number o f units to be packed, the type o f container employed, and method o f shipment. Work requires the placing o f items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge o f various items o f stock in order to verify content; selection o f appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one 'or more of the follow • ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks,or other transporting devices;unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded . sible for incoming shipments o f merchandise or other materials. ping work involves: routes, Ship* A knowledge o f shipping procedures, practices, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records o f the goods shipped, making up b ills o f lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file o f shipping records. direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. work involves: May Receiving Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness o f shipments against bills o f lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers 9 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records o f outgoing orders, requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform Other related duties. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 18 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types o f estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers 9 houses or p laces o f business. May a lso load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded . Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials o f all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssifie d by size and type of equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of siz e s listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under Vfc tons) Truckdriver, medium (1 % to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type o f truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds o f premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Available On Request-----The fourth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors o f personnel, managers of office services, and clerical employees. Order as BLS Bulletin 1387, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Tech nical, and Clerical Pay, February—March 1963* 40 cents a copy. Occupational Wage Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins 20402, is available upon request. Bulletins may. be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U .S . Government Printing Office, Washington, D.< or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. Area Bulletin number Price Bulletin number Price Miami, F la _______________________________________ Milwaukee, W i s 1—_______ ______ —________ ________ Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn 1_________ __ 1345-38 Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, M ich__...________ Newark and Jersey City, N. J ____ ______________ New Haven, Conn________________________________ New Orleans, L a 1__ ________ New York, N . Y 1. Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va 1. . Oklahoma City, Okla. 1345-69 1345-46 1345-37 1345-44 1345-79 20 25 25 20 25 20 25 40 1345-75 1385-2 25 cents 20 cents Omaha, Nebr. —Iowa 1_____ Pater son—Clifton—Pas saic, N. J—— Philadelphia, Pa. —N. J L P hoenix, A r i z ____ Pittsburgh, P a 1__ Portland, M aine1. Portland, Or e g .—W ash. Providence—Pawtucket, R. I. —Mass 1_____ ____ Raleigh, N. C 1.. Richmond, V a 1 1385-14 1345-76 1345-31 1345-57 1345-40 1385-22 1345-73 1345-70 1385-7 1385-23 25 20 30 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Rockford, 111______ St. Louis, Mo. —111. Salt Lake City, Utah 1__________ San Antonio, Tex 1____ _____________ San Bernardino—Riverside-Ontario, Calif 1____ San Diego, Calif.. San Francisco—Oakland, C a lif1. Savannah, Ga ___________________ Scranton, Pa 1 ______ ___ . . . . _____ Seattle, Wash 1____ ______ _______ 1345-55 1385-21 1345-25 1345-78 1385-9 1385-13 1345-34 1345-60 1385-8 1385-10 20 25 25 25 25 20 25 20 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Sioux F a lls, S. Dak _____________________________ South Bend, In d __________________________________ Spokane, Wash 1___________ Toledo, Ohio 1__________ Trenton, N. J_____________________________________ Washington, D. C. —Md. —Va . . . __________ ____ Waterbury, Conn________________________ -----Waterloo, Iowa____________ ______ _______ -----W ic hita, Kans _______ . . . . ____. . . . . . . . . . . . ___ -----W orcester, M a ss _____________ York, P a. 1385-20 1345-52 1345-66 1345-51 1385-27 1385-17 1345-49 1385-18 1385-6 1345-80 1345-41 25 20 25 25 20 25 20 25 20 20 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Akron, Ohio______________________ ____ ___________ 1345-81 Albany—Schenectady—T roy, N. Y ________________ 1345-53 Albuquerque, N. M e x __________. _________________ 1345-63 Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa. —N. J-____ — 1345-45 Atlanta, G a ___ —----------------------- ----------------------- ---- 1345-71 Baltimore, Md__ - _________________ 1385-24 Beaumont—Port Arthur, T e x ________ ___________ 1345-67 Birmingham, A la ____________________. ____________ 1345-56 Boise, Idaho ______________________ 1345-74 Boston, M a s s _____________________________________ 1385-16 20 20 20 20 25 25 20 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Buffalo, N . Y 1_____________________________________ Burlington, V t 1___________________________________ Canton, Ohio____ _________________________________ Charleston, W. V a _______________________________ Charlotte, N. C ___________________________________ Chattanooga, T e n n .-G a _______________________ __ Chicago, 1111_______________________________!______ Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky_______________________ __ ____ Cleveland, Ohio_______________________________ __. Columbus, Ohio__________________________________ 1345-30 1345-50 1345-64 1345-61 1345-58 1385-5 1345-65 1345-54 1385-11 1385-25 25 25 20 20 20 20 30 20 25 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents D allas, Tex______ Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, IowaDayton, Ohio. Denver, C o lo _____ Des Moines, Iowa Detroit, M ich 1___ Fort Worth, T ex. Green Bay, W is ___ Greenville, S. C . Houston, T e x ___ 1385-15 1385-12 1345-35 1345-32 1345-42 1345-47 1385-19 1385-4 1345-68 1345-82 25 20 20 25 20 25 20 20 20 25 Indianapolis, Ind., Jackson, M iss.. Jacksonville, F la 1. __ ______ Kansas City, M o .—K ans1__ Lawrence—Haverhill, M a s s .—N .H . Little Rock—North Little Rock, A rk.., Los Angeles—Long Beach, C a lif1. Louisville, Ky. —Ind1. Lubbock, Tex — Manchester, N . H _____ Memphis, Tenn , 1345-26 1345-43 1345-39 1385-26 1345-77 1385-3 1345-62 1345-48 1345-72 1385-1 1345-36 25 20 25 25 20 20 30 25 20 20 25 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. Area 1345-33 1345-59 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents
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