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O c c u p a t i o n a l W S E A T T L E , a g e W A S H IN G T O N A U G U S T B u lle tin N o . 1 9 5 7 1 2 2 4 -1 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary S u r v e y BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan C lagve , Cot»m i» iow>r O c c u p a tio n a l W age S u rv e y S E A T T L E , W A S H IN G T O N AUGUST 1957 B u lle tin N o . 1224-1 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan C lagu e, Commissioner October 1957 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. * Price 20 cents Preface Contents Page The Community Wage Survey Program The Bureau of Labor Statistics regularly conducts areawide wage surveys in a number of important industrial centers. The studies, made from late fall to early spring, relate to occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. A preliminary report is available on completion of the study in each area, usually in the month following the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the earlier report. A consolidated analytical bulletin summarizing the results of all of the year's surveys is issued after completion of the final area bulletin for the current round of surveys. 1 2 Tables: 1: 2: Establishments and workers within scope of survey ______ Percent changes in standard weekly salaries for office clerical and average straight-time hourly earnings for selected plant occupational groups, for selected periods ___________________________________________ A: Occupational earnings * A - 1: Office occupations_____________________________________ A - 2: Professional and technical occupations______________ A - 3: Maintenance and power pi ant occupations_____________ A - 4: Custodial and material movement occupations ______ Appendix: Job descriptions________________________________________ * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available in the Seattle area reports for September 1951 and August 1956. The reports also include data on shift differential provisions; scheduled weekly hours; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insur ance, and pension plans. The 1951 report also includes non production bonuses; the 1956 report, minimum entrance rates for women office workers. Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels are available for the following trades or industries: Building con struction, printing, local-transit operating employees, and motortruck drivers. 1 2 rO Ifl \0 h Introduction____________________ _______________ ______________________ Wage trends for selected occupational groups ____________________ 9 Occupational W age Survey - Seattle, Wash.* Introduction accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small estab lishments is studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. Estimates based on the establishments, studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the in dustry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. The Seattle area is one of several important industrial centers in which the Department of Labor1& Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits. Although data are nor mally obtained by personal visits of Bureau field agents to representative establishments, data in this report were obtained chiefly by telephone. Cur rent occupational employment and earnings information was provided by the establishments visited in August 1956, for occupations reported in that earlier study. Current information on related wage benefits was not collected.1 Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manu facturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment variation in duties within the same job (see appendix for listing of these descriptions). Earnings data are presented (in the A -series tables) for the following types of occupations: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material movement. In each area, data are obtained from representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies, besides railroads, are government op erations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments hav ing fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted also because they furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclu sion. 2 Wherever possible, separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but cost-of-living bonuses and incentive earnings are in cluded. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnec essary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain appropriate * This report was prepared in the Bureau*s regional office in San Francisco, Calif. , by William P. OfConnor, under the direction of John L. Dana, Regional Wage and Industrial Relations Analyst. 1 Data for August 1956 are available in BLS Bull. 1202-1, Occupational Wage Survey, Seattle, Wash. , for scheduled hours; shift differentials; mini mum entrance rate for women office workers; holiday and vacation pay pro visions; and health, insurance, and pension plans. 2 See footnote 2 to table 1 for minimum-size establishment covered. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all estab lishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establish ments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occupational structure do not materially af fect the accuracy of the earnings data. Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Seattle, Wash. , 1 by major industry division, August 1957 Number of establishments Industry division Within scope of study 2 Studied Workers in establishments Within scope of study Studied All divisions 514 133 167, 100 119,690 Manufacturing _ . Nonmanufacturing Transportation (excluding railroads), communica tion, and other public utilities 3 ______________ __ __ Wholesale trade __ __ ___ Retail trade __ Finance, insurance, and real estate Services4 __ 167 347 46 87 100, 700 66,400 83, 910 35,780 45 79 113 58 52 22 13 26 13 13 16, 100 9, 100 24,000 10, 300 6, 900 12, 680 2, 370 13,430 4, 870 2,430 1 The Seattle Metropolitan Area (King County). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of com parison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (l) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the pay period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey. Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum-size limitation (5-1 employees). All outlets (within the area) of companies^in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theatres are considered as 1 establishment. Also excludes taxicabs, and services incidental to water transportation: Since Seattle*s electric utilities and local transit facilities are munici pally operated, they are also excluded, by definition, from the scope of the studies. 4 Hotels, personal services, business services, automobile repair shops, radio broadcasting and television, motion pictures, nonprofit mem bership organizations, and engineering and architectural services. ( i) 2 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups The table below presents percents of change in salaries of women office clerical workers, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio of these group aggregates for a given year to the aggregate for other years was computed and the differences between the result and 100 is the percent of change from one period to another. For office clerical workers, the percents of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work sched ule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and include most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on women in the following 18 jobs: Billers, machine (billing machine); bookkeeping-machine operators, class A and B; Comptometer oper ators; clerks, file, class A and B; clerks, order; clerks, payroll; key-punch operators; office girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; switchboard operators; switchboard operator-receptionists; tabulating-machine operators; transcribing-machine operators, general; and typists, class A and B. Men in the following 10 skilled maintenance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs were in cluded in the plant worker data: Skilled—carpenters; electricians; machinists; mechanics; mechanics, automotive; millwrights; painters; pipefitters; sheetmetal workers; and tool and die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; laborers, material handling; and watchmen. The percent of change measures, principally, the effects of (l) gen eral salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in the labor force such as labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the proportion of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and result in a drop in the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. The move ment of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other area e stabli shme nt s . The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effects of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job included in the data. Nor are the percents of change influenced by changes in stand ard work schedules or in premium pay for overtime, since they are based on pay for straight-time hours. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earn ings were then multiplied by the average of September 1951 and August 1956 employment in the job. These weighted earnings for individual occupations Table 2 . Indexes for the period 1953 to 1957 for workers in 14 major labor markets appeared in BLS Bull. 1202, Wages and Related Benefits, 17 Labor Markets, 1956-57. Percent changes in standard weekly salaries for office cle rica l and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected plant occupational groups in Seattle, W a sh ., for selected periods Percent in creases from — August 1956 to August 1957 September 1951 to August 1956 September 1951 to August 1957 A ll industries: Office cle rica l (w o m e n )______________________ Skilled maintenance (men) __________________ Unskilled plant ( m e n ) ________________________ 5. 0 4. 7 4 .9 2 3 .6 2 1 .0 23. 0 29. 8 2 6 .6 29. 0 Manufacturing: Office cle rica l (w o m e n )_____________________ Skilled maintenance (men) __________________ Unskilled plant ( m e n ) ________________________ 3 .9 4. 0 5. 3 2 2 .2 20. 8 15 .2 2 7 .0 2 5 .7 2 1 .2 Industry and occupational group A : O c c u p a t i o n a l E a r n in g s 3 Table A-l: Office Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in Seattle, W a s h ., by industry division, August 1957) Averaoe Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division Weeklyj Weekly. earnings (Standard) (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 and under 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 $ 8 5 .0 0 $ 9 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 50 13 37 11 38 11 27 2 31 4 27 5 4 1 1 - $ 9 5 .0 0 $ $ $ $ $ $ 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 12 5 .0 0 and 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 over Men C lerk s, accounting, c la ss A ______________________________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ Public utilities * ______________________________ _____ 200 69 131 30 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 $ 9 3 .0 0 9 2 .6 6 9 3 . 50 8 9 .5 0 - - - C le r k s, accounting, c la ss B ______________________________ 29 4 0 .0 8 5 .0 0 _ _ C le r k s, order _______________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ 192 175— 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 8 7 .5 0 8 6 .0 0 . - - C le r k s, p a y r o ll_____________________________________________ 38 4 0 .0 8 8 .5 0 _ . _ . Office boys ___________________________________________________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ 130 42 88 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 5 5 .0 0 63 . 50 5 1 .0 0 9 9 27 2 25 37 37 4 0 .0 4(570" 8 3 .0 0 8 7 .5 0 _ _ 6 0 .5 0 6 6 .6 6 6 5 .0 0 5 6 .0 0 _ _ 3 36 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 63 41 4 0 .0 4 6 .0 6 8 .5 0 6 8 .5 0 Bookkeeping-m achine o p erators, c la ss A ______________ N onm anufacturing_______________________________________ 130 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 7 2 .5 0 7 2 .5 6 _ _ 123 - - Bookkeeping-machine op erators, c la ss B ______________ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing . . _ ___ Retail trade ----------------------------------------------------------------- 479 30 449 45 4 0 .0 4 0 .6 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 8 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 5 7 .5 0 6 3 .5 0 20 20 - 40 40 " C le r k s, accounting, c la ss A ______________________________ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing _ ___ Public utilities * Retail trade 338 4 0 .0 4 6 .6 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 7 4 .0 0 7 1 .0 0 7 5 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 6 2 .5 0 7 2 .0 6 6 1 .0 0 6 5 .5 0 5 8 .0 0 3 9 .5 6 7 .5 0 6 1 .5 6 Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s _____________ Nonmanufacturing _____________ 104 ------ T l — - - 1 1 1 17 11 6 2 22 12 10 - " - 31 10 21 12 _ _ _ 1 2 4 12 . 6 4 _ _ - 2 2 - 30 30 83 83 23 19 19 15 5 5 16 16 _ _ 6 5 12 1 4 2 9 2 7 23 l6 7 24 22 2 _ - 1 1 - . - _ - - _ _ V_ _ 16 - - - - - 4 1 51 8 46 42 7 25 47 45 7 5 19 9 8 1 3 3 3 3 3 _ _ - - - - 6 6 14 5 4 1 31 _ 2 28 6 1 - - - 6 5 33 33 29 29 9 4 23 23 4 17 17 9 9 _ 3 110 no - 127 4 123 14 97 10 87 11 48 5 43 14 16 6 10 6 19 5 14 2 2 - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 44 _ 44 _ 43 11 2 9 _ 1 51 35 _ 51 24 2 - 12 12 _ 12 5 33 14 1 64 6 58 10 13 5 - 6 6 6 63 63 _ 35 148 13 135 11 70 130 7 123 11 25 150 140 6 33 108 4 104 23 24 93 35 58 19 23 61 23 38 5 2 35 25 10 4 4 - _ _ - - _ _ 17 25 25 18 25 27 24 2 32 3 11 1 _ id . - - - 17 — ro~ 2 2 - 1 1 - - 2 1 1 1 - - . _ _ _ 1 - 3 3 6 3 1 - 3 1 3 2 1 1 _ - . - - _ - - . - - - _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 12 9 4 3 _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - " " - - - _ _ _ _ . Women B ille r s , machine (billing m achine) ______________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ Public u tilitie s* _ Retail trade B ille r s , machine (bookkeeping m achine ) N onmanufact ur ing 123 167 28 68 270 88 90 C le r k s, accounting, c la ss B M an ufactu ring____________________________________________ N onmanufa c t ur ing Public utilities * Retail trade 802 679 75 218 3 9 .5 4 6 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 C lerk s, file , c la ss A N onmanufact ur ing 156 91 3976 See footnote at end of table. * Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), 123 com m unication, 86.60 - 3 2 2 2 _ _ _ - - 3' _ " _ 17 16 3 - 71 26 51 39 _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - 26 26 _ _ 13 2 11 1 10 10 10 _ _ 1 _ l _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - _ - 3 1 2 1 1 - _ - _ - _ - - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 1 Occupational Wage Survey, Seattle, W ash . , August 1957 and other public u tilities. U. S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 4 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b a sis in Seattle, W a s h ., by industry division, August 1957) Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Weekly , 4 0 ^ 0 4 5 . 00 50 . 00 55. 00 6 0 .0 0 65. 00 7 0 . 00 75. 00 80. 00 $8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 95. 00 $100.0C 105.00 1 1 0 . oc $115.0C _ ~ “ * " “ (Standard) (Standard) under 4 5 .0 0 50. 00 55 . 00 60 . 00 65 . 00 70 . 00 7 5 . 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00 110.00 1 1 5 .0C 1 2 0 .0C 125.00 o b o Weekly, b © Number Sex, occupation, and industry division and over Women - Continued C le r k s, file , c la ss B _ ___ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing .... _ ...... Public u tilitie s* R etail trade __________________________________________ 633 201 432 36 73 3 9 .5 40. 0 39. 0 40. 0 40. 0 $ 5 4 .5 0 6 6 . 00 4 9 . 00 58 . 00 52. 00 2131 2 131 - C le r k s, order _ _ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing R etail t r a d e ____ 223 41 182 77 40. 40. 40. 40. 0 0 0 0 65 . 50 6 8 .0 0 65 . 00 58. 00 C le r k s, payroll Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing _ _____ ..... Public u tilitie s* ____________________________________ R etail trade _ ............... . 255 T09 146 27 61 40. 40. 40. 40. 40. 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 . 00 7 5 . 00 6 8 .5 0 7 0 .5 0 68 . 00 C om ptom eter operators Manufacturing _ Nonmanufacturing _ ... _ _ ._ Retail trade __________________________________________ 603 120 483 248 40. 40. 40. 40. 0 0 0 0 66 . 70. 65 . 64. 00 00 00 00 Duplicating-m achine operators (m im eograph or ditto) ...... Nonmanufacturing ..... ................... 58 54 39. 0 39. 0 5 4 .5 0 54 . 00 Key-punch op erators _ . Manufacturing ..... Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ Public u tilitie s* ............. ... ............. 295 152 143 50 3 9 .5 40. 0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 6 3 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 9 9 _ - _ .. _ ____________________________________ 155 -----89 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 5 5 .5 0 6 2 .5 0 50 . 00 16 4 12 S ecretaries __________________________________________________ Manufacturing _ _ ..... .... . _ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ Public u tilitie s* _ _ _ R etail trade 1, 026 525 501 109 87 3 9 .5 40. 0 3 9 .5 40. 0 40. 0 82 . 00 86. 00 7 7 .5 0 8 5 .5 0 7 2 .5 0 - Stenographers, g e n e r a l___________________________________ Manufacturing . Nonmanufacturing Public utilities * ________________________________________ R etail trade 1, 755 1, 039 716 115 49 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 40. 0 40. 0 69 . 50 7 2 . 00 66 . 00 7 0 .0 0 6 3 .0 0 - _____________________________ 63 3 9 .5 7 1 .5 0 _ Switchboard op erators .. Manufacturing _ Nonmanufacturing ______________ ______________________ R etail trade __________________________________________ 286 86 20 0 59 4 0 .0 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 6 4 .5 0 70 . 00 6 2 . 00 6 2 . 00 _ - Switchboard o p erator-rec ep tion ists ____________________ Manufacturing _ ___ Nonmanufacturing Public utilities * ___________________ _______________ R etail trade _______________________________________ _ 292 71 221 58 49 3 9 .5 40. 0 39. 5 40. 0 40. 0 6 4 .0 0 6 5 .5 0 6 3 . 00 6 6 . 00 6 4 .5 0 Office g ir ls _ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing _ _ ......... . .. _ . . ... Stenographers, t e c h n ic a l__ . _ _ 6 5 .5 0 67 7 5 0 _ _ _ _ 36 8 28 - 11 1 10 - _ - - 3 3 _ 43 10 33 6 6 46 2 29 48 22 26 5 16 33 20 13 5 2 16 10 6 3 2 11 8 3 _ - 11 3 8 4 4 62 - 9 7 2 2 15 9 6 2 - _ - . - 48 48 42 75 3 72 39 133 23 110 23 204 41 163 114 42 9 33 29 66 37 29 1 21 5 16 - 14 2 12 - - 16 16 14 10 19 19 - - - - 21 4 17 - 33 19 14 2 26 5 21 5 30 3 27 7 84 64 20 3 61 28 33 25 29 21 8 8 8 8 40 3 37 - 28 -------3 25 11 3 8 16 13 3 44 40 4 _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 192 77 115 31 11 211 156 55 16 10 161 122 39 7 4 94 78 16 3 2 37 29 8 2 - 28 22 6 1 2 100 71 29 15 - 13 22 5 2 3 - 1 144 15 129 8 11 176 20 156 26 17 438 300 138 22 7 522 433 - ------ 5 59 7 6 - - - - _ _ _ - - _ - - - - - _ - - - - - - _ _ “ - 71 10 61 1 3 31 10 249 188 61 12 1 - _ _ 8 13 22 18 2 3 3 16 2 14 5 66 3 63 25 73 13 60 10 61 23 38 10 36 22 14 9 18 15 3 - 8 29 2 27 5 52 -------9 43 10 12 81 27 54 11 9 69 19 50 7 21 33 8 25 17 7 12 2 10 6 - 14 - - - - 8 2 ' ' 89 _ _ * 1 _ 5 2 - _ _ _ _ _ 14 - - _ _ _ 9 9 - - _ _ _ _ _ 74 74 25 65 _ _ 2 2 _ _ 37 13 24 8 124 16 108 10 34 2 2 _ _ 12 12 10 63 5 58 5 18 _ _ _ - _ - - 36 8 28 28 5 - 1 1 _ - - 1 1 _ - - 2 2 2 - - - - 4 4 4 _ _ _ - _ - 37 27 10 6 - - _ _ - - 96 89 7 2 2 16 _ _ _ _ _ - - 73 69 4 3 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 56 2 54 5 8 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ 94 9 85 20 41 See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. _ _ 141 141 21 3 3 _ - - 13 - 22 - 10 8 2 - 3 3 “ " 2 2 - 4 1 3 - 2 1 1 - - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - - - - r - ~ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - 25 10 15 15 - 2 2 3 3 2 14 1 13 - a - - - - _ . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ ■ - _ " " _ - . “ - " ■ _ “ - 2 2 - - _ - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 T a b le A - l: O f fic e O c c u p a t io n s - C o n tin u e d (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Seattle, W a s h ., by industry division, August 1957) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weekly hours 1 (Standard) Weekly , 4 0 .0 0 and earnings 1 (Standard) under 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 $7 0 .0 0 ^ 5 .0 0 $8 0 .0 0 $8 5 .0 0 W oo 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 7 4 $ $ $ $9 5 .0 0 fo o .o o f o 5 . 00 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 ? 2 5 .0 0 and 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 over W omen - Continued <P 7 3 .5 0 6 8 .5 0 _ _ - - 6 1 .0 0 _ _ 6 1 .0 0 - - 6 5 .0 0 3 9 .5 ' T O "1 6 8 .5 0 6 1 .0 0 3 9 .0 6 2 .5 0 4 0 .0 _ “ 1 1 5 4 .5 0 6 1 .5 0 5 2 .0 0 5 7 .0 0 5 8 .5 0 83 83 1 87 52 3 9 .5 5 9 .5 T ran scribin g-m achin e o p erators, general ____________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ 138 135 3 8 .5 .....58 .'5 T yp ists, c la ss A ____________________________________________ Man nfar tii ring N onm anufacturing________________________________________ Public utilities * ____________________________________ 639 543 295 33 Tabulating-m achine op erators ____________________________ Nonmanufactur ing ____________________________________ __ 840 T yp ists, c la ss B ___________________________________ M an ufactu ring____________________________________________ — 7 M — 636 Nonmanufacturing ________________________________________ 40 Public utilities * ____________________________________ 144 Retail t r a d e _________ ___________________________ __ 3 9 .0 40.6 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 _ 9 9 “ 8 8 8 8 26 15 51 51 8 7 36 34 29 27 1 1 69 7 62 1 226 124 — r r — 104 215 13 3 28 277 94 77 91 ------ T~1 ------ T3“ ---- 2 I Z ~ ------ T T 63 21 55 82 4 5 19 - 4 20 "7 - - 4 1 1 - - . _ - - - - - - - ~ - “ - _ - - - ■ - 13 l3 ' _ - - - - - - - 24 16 8 4 4 1 3 1 1 “ " “ - - - - “ - - “ 1 1 “ 4 1 3 3 4 4 1 2 2 2 _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - “ “ ~ - - - - ' " " 45 5 167 180 ------ T J ~ — res- ------ J i -------- §T 154 60 ll 18 8 1 3 63 40 ” " _ - 1 Standard hours r efle ct the workweek for which em ployees receive their regu lar straight-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 Includes 20 w ork ers at $35 and under $ 4 0 . * Transportation (excluding r a ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities. T a b le A -2 : P ro fessio n al a n d T e ch n ica l O c c u p a tio n s (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in Seattle, W ash. , by industry division, August 1957) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers Weekly hours1 (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ 60. 00 Weekly earnings1 and (Standard) under $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 n o . oo 1$15. 00 1$20. 00 1$25. 00 ?30. 00 1$35. 00 ?40. 00 ?45. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100. 00 105.00 110. 00 115.00 120. 00 125.00 130. 00 135.00 140. 00 145. 00 and over Men D raftsm en, l e a d e r __________________________________________ D raftsm en , s e n io r __________________________________________ M an u factu rin g-----------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ D raftsm en, junior __________________________________________ M an ufactu ring___________________________________________ 99 648 586 62 1, 101 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 112.50 96. 50 95. 50 107.00 40. 0 40. 0 73. 50 72. 00 40. 0 40. 0 89. 00 90. 00 _ _ _ 3 3 128 120 8 92 92 133 129 4 90 84 6 20 30 29 20 20 370 362 346 333 197 196 84 60 6 3 54 12 18 73 70 3 24 - - - 4 2 7 6 6 6 74 72 2 2 32 51 15 36 14 11 11 - - 6 8 8 5 14 14 - 2 3 3 1 8 8 - _ 1 4 : 4 - - Women N u rses, industrial (registere d ) _________________________ M an ufactu ring___________________________________________ 95 86 ' ' 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. Occupational Wage Survey, Seattle, W ash. , August 1957 U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 6 T a b le A -3 : M ain te n an ce an d Po w erp lan t O c c u p a tio n s (A verage hourly earnings for m en in selected occupations studied on an area basis in Seattle, W a s h ., by industry division, August 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of Occupation and industry division Average hourly , earnings $ 1. 60 and under 1. 70 $ $ $ $ $ 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 $ $ 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 2 . t>0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 $ $ $ $ $ 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 $ C arp e n ters, maintenance Manufacturing ......... N onm anufacturing______________________________ Public utilities * 156 99 57 33 E le ctricia n s, maintenance Manufacturing _ Nonmanufacturing 211 181 30 . ......... E ngin eers, stationary ... M an ufactu ring __________________________________ ___ Nonmanufacturing F ire m en , stationary b oiler Manufacturing _ .......... 244 — FFT~ 50 . ... _ , , 2 .4 9 - - - 5 - - - - - - - “ ' - - * 2 .6 2 z : 59 2 .8 1 _ “ _ _ _ - - " 2 2 ■ 8 8 . _ _ _ - - - - 6 6 5 -------- 5 2 .4 4 — 27T T 2 .5 5 2 .1 3 2 .1 6 99 _ 11 5 - - 2 .5 5 2 .5 1 2 .4 6 ' " ' _ _ _ ' ' ‘ 19 11 ' 11 “ 56 — 43— 8 4 4 2 91 71 20 19 _ “ 13 7 6 133 ■ m ... 69 59 10 57 43 14 8 --------3 5 _ _ 41 ZO 21 10 40 40 15 15 2 " 27 24 5 2 3 2 2 7 ------ 7----- 7 1 6 - - - - 3 3 2 - - - 9 6 3 2 2 25 9 16 2 1 1 - ■ 13 13 “ “ 9 9 _ _ . . ■ ' ' ' - 4 4 _ _ ' 10 — n5— 2 --------2 “ H elp ers, tra d e s, m a in te n a n c e __________________ Manufacturing . . . . 275 263 2 .0 4 2 .6 4 8 3 5 5 34 34 124 118 11 11 32 30 54 54 4 3 1 - 2 - - - - - - - M achin ists, maintenance Manufacturing _ _ _ 174 164 2 .6 1 2 .6 l _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - 2 2 5 4 2 - 101 101 33 - 14 14 6 - 5 4 4 4 2 2 M echanics, automotive (maintenance) _ _ Manufacturing N onm anufacturing______________________________ Public utilities * __ R etail trade 544 i i5 429 331 74 2 .5 6 2 .4 6 2 .5 9 2 .5 9 2 .5 7 1 _ _ _ - " - " 1 1 8 4 4 4 “ 21 12 9 9 _ 89 71 18 1 17 89 11 78 78 ■ 307 15 292 228 57 27 27 10 “ _ - _ - 1 1 “ _ ' M ech anics, maintenance Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing 315 275 40 _ . . . ■ - - ■ 1 1 13 12 1 23 2 21 193 19? ■ 11 11 29 27 2 29 27 2 _ _ 5 26 24 24 46 46 11 11 18 18 _ _ _ _ _ . . . - - - - - - - - 5 --------- 1 4 67 4 1 3 5 5 4 4 _ - _ - _ - 47 ■ _ 6 6 87 32 1 1 - 1 - - _ _ - _ _ 104 94 _.. ... ..... ... _ 148 — m — M illwrights _ Manuf ac tur ing H51 _ __ _ .... __ T ool and die m akers _ Manufacturing _ __ ___ _ __ 101 _ _ — _ ... ____ _____ — * 12 ------ T2 _ _ _ T H ~ " _ * 2 .1 4 2 .1 4 . _ _ - - - 2 2 11 11 YS 13 13 5 5 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 2 2 _ - " “ 34 ------ J T 1 - - _ _ 2 .4 5 — 2747" 2 .8 8 210 - 2 .4 4 121 2 .5 1 ------- 5 7 — — 2742“ 2 .5 8 64 . P ip efitte rs, m aintenance_____________ Manufacturing — 104 O ilers Manufacturing P ain ters, maintenance Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing 2 .5 5 — Z75T“ 2 .4 1 - ------- 5— ---- 2 6 ---73 ~ 4 _ - - 4 _ _ _ — 1 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, h olid ays, and late sh ifts. * Transportation (excluding r a ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities. _ ~ ■ 18 — rs— 26 ~ ? 3 ------ - 1 1 _ ■ _ - - - - - - - - 2 2 - - 2 2 _ _ _ ■ " j _ ~ 2 '94 — 12 1 2 ------ _ Occupational Wage Survey, Seattle, W ash. , August 1957 U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F LA B O R Bureau of Labor Statistics 7 T a b le A -4 : C u sto d ia l an d M aterial M ovem ent O c c u p a tio n s (A verage hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in Seattle, W a s h ., by industry division, August 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers O ccupation1 and industry division E levator op era to rs, p assen ger (women) _______ R etail trade __ __ ___________________ ___ - Guards _______ __ -------- __ ------------- ------- --------M an ufactu ring____ __ ---------- -------- -------------Nonmanufacturing __ ________ _____ _____ 241 241 72 372 ------0 3 “ 34 1.4 01 J anitors, p o r te r s, and cleaners (men) _____ M an u factu rin g________________________ — __ _ ... 54$ 853 N onm anufacturing____________________________ _ Public u tilities * ------- ------------__ --------79 254 R etail trade ________________ __ __ ----- _ Average2 $ 1 .2 0 hourly earnings and under 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 5 1 .4 5 1 .3 8 1 ---------r ~ i 2 .0 1 "2 . D 3 ' 1 .8 0 i i 1 .6 6 “ 1779“ 1 .5 8 1 .7 5 1 .5 3 10 10 2 $ 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 92 92 50 19 19 17 - 7 7 " $ 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 $ 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 128 128 4 1 1 - 6 6 - 202 290 -------- g— -------g----194 282 1 4 30 111 $ 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 $ 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 $ 2 . 10 2 .2 0 4 4 4 78 66 12 6 6 11 5 6 6 56 20 36 4 32 174 95 79 2 17 O rd er fille r s -------------------------------------------------------------M an ufactu ring______ ____________ _______ ____ N on m anufacturing________________ ________ — 956 ------ 135“ ^ 770 2 .0 5 _ - _ - - - _ - _ - 2 .0 3 4 4 “ - - - . - - _ " _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 433 53 20 33 7 22 22 22 18 64 4 60 12 48 6 6 - _ - . - - - - - 28 28 - 147 127 20 _ - _ - _ - - _ - _ - - 1 1 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - " - _ _ _ - - - 116 317 205 - 30 30 251 25 226 358 23 330 160 --------- j— 125 125 35 6 29 80 79 1 4 4 6 6 7 _ 159 P a c k e r s, shipping (men) _ -------- __ -------------------M an u factu rin g____________________ _____ ___ _ N on m anufacturing____________ _____ _________ 310 145 165 1 .9 6 1793 1 .9 5 _ " _ - _ - 18 18 - 17 7 10 19 19 - 12 12 - P a c k e r s , shipping (women) __________________ N onm an ufactu ring____________ ________________ 233 130 1 .7 0 1.6 2 _ 1 1 4 4 85 — 53------ 24 20 71 12 33 - 2 2 Receiving clerk s ------------------------------------ ---------- M an ufactu ring--- ------------------------------------------- Nonmanufacturing __ ------------------ — ---------- R etail t r a d e -------- -------- -------- ------------- — 519 ----- 397 122 73 1.9 1 1 .3 3 2 .0 0 1 .9 8 - _ " 1 1 - 12 12 11 _ - 143 141 2 215 214 1 1 18 18 12 89 19 70 36 31 -------15 16 11 Shipping c l e r k s ------ -------- __ __ — ---------------- M an ufactu ring__ __ -------- __ -----------------N onm anufacturing_______________________________ R etail trade __ ________ ________ — ___ _ 154 42 112 53 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 2 2 - - - - 11 11 11 - - - 20 10 10 10 51 5 46 14 Shipping and receiving clerk s — ---------- ----- — M an ufactu ring------------------------- __ ------------- — Nonmanufacturing __ ---------------------- --------- 114 70 44 2 . 12 2 .1 9 2 .0 2 1 1 _ - _ - _ - 2 2 _ - - 5 5 - 21 17 4 T ruckdrivers 3 ______________________________________ Manufacturing — __ ------- ------------- -------Nonmanufacturing _____ _____ _____ Public utilities * __________ — -------R etail t r a d e ____________ — — __ ---------- _ 2 ,2 8 2 393 1 ,7 8 4 1 ,0 8 4 280 2 .3 2 2 .4 6 2 .2 9 2 .2 2 2 .3 9 _ _ . _ _ - 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 _ _ _ 1 1 1 90 78 2 . 14 2 .1 1 T ru ck d rivers, light (under 1 Yz t o n s ) ________ Nonm anufacturing___________________________ - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - and over _ - 3 --------3---- 5 -------5------ - 2 .9 0 2 .9 0 - 244 232 12 11 1 3 3 3 $ 2 .8 0 . - 677 223“ 448 1 202 _ - 2 .8 0 $ - _ - 2 .0 2 2 .0 1 2 .0 3 2 .1 4 2 .0 2 2 .7 0 1 1 - 1 - 1 .8 5 3 821 1 ,0 3 2 258 349 2 .7 0 $ - 25 24 1 1 - L a b o r e rs, m aterial h a n d lin g --- --------------------- _ M an u factu rin g --------- ------------- -----------------Nonmanufacturing __ ------------------ — ---------- _ Public utilities * --------------------- -------- ----- _ R etail trade ____________ ________ — --------- 2 .6 0 - 115 ros 15 15 2 2 - 2 .6 0 $ - 63 55" 25 15 31 - 2 .5 0 - 86 36 50 46 1 159 11 3 2 .5 0 $ - 121 — 77----44 16 6 247 245 2 2 .4 0 2 .4 0 1 431 257 174 9 20 28 23 8 $ 2 .3 0 1 - 40 40' 31 $ 4 4 " - 2 .1 1 "2 .1 3 " " 2 .0 8 2 .0 2 2 .3 0 45 -------?3 5 5 1 _ 2 .2 0 231 215 8 1 .5 7 1.5 6 1 .4 0 - $ 3 --------- 5 - 513 331 45 '2 .1 4 $ 31 30 1 Janitors, p o rte rs, and cleaners (w o m e n )________ N on m anufacturing_______________________________ Retail trade __ _____ ________________ — — " 1 .9 0 41 54 7 57 57 56 - $ - 1 _ - - 1 - - - - - _ _ _ - - - 5 5 " 1 1 - 2 2 2 _ - _ - 1 1 " 1 1 - _ - 25 7 18 7 23 3 20 5 12 ------- 7 T - 3 3 3 2 1 1 3 3 3 1 1 - 1 1 - - - - - 22 22 15 15 - 26 19 7 13 11 2 2 2 7 6 1 _ - _ - _ - _ - - 49 49 1 18 566 7 559 559 458 03 320 12 108 142 6 136 5 125 277 277 _ 117 2 115 16 32 31 1 1 9 9 - - 626 37 589 484 14 - 6 - 9 - 48 43 8 3 22 22 6 - 6 - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - ~ - - _ _ - See footnotes at end of table. Occupational Wage Survey, S eattle, W ash . , August 1957 * Transportation (excluding railroad s), com m unication, and other public u tilities. U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statsitics 8 T a b le A -4 : C u sto d ia l a n d M ate rial M ovem ent O c c u p a tio n s - Contin u e d (A verage hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Seattle, W ash . , by industry division, August 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation 1 and industry division Number of workers Average $ hourly 2 1 .2 0 earnings and under 1 .3 0 T ru ckdrivers 3 - Continued Tru ck d rivers , m edium ( 1 V2 to and including 4 tons) __________________________ __ M an u factu rin g ________________________________ N on m an ufactu ring___________________ ______ Public utilities * _________________________ $ 2. 24 40 2 . 21 2. 20 - 423 162 2. 2. 2. 2. 41 44 41 31 395 46 349 T ru ck ers, power (forklift) ________________________ M an u factu rin g___________________________________ N onm anufacturing________________ _____________ R etail t r a d e ----------------------------- __ __ __ __ $ 1. 30 1 .4 0 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 80 1 .9 0 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2 1 .5 0 1. 60 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1. 90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 2. 70 - ■ ■ ■ 556 5 551 551 - - - - - 135 135 - ■ - - - - 2 2 - 70 70 165 42 123 119 119 - - 233 233 - 56 34 93 25 10 6 68 139 94 45 9 8 8 22 - 35 29 - - - - - 2. 37 2 .3 5 2. 37 - - - - ' - 543 404 139 38 2 . 10 2. 0 8 2 . 16 2. 17 - - - - - - - - - - 6 T r u c k e r s, power (other than forklift) ___________ M an u factu rin g___________________________ ______ 153 147 2 . 11 2 . 10 _ _ _ _ _ - _ - - " " 21 21 108 89 1. 87 _ 27 14 13 22 16 — rrsT~ 5 _ 10 10 Watchmen ___________________________________________ M an u factu rin g __________________________ __ _ " 78 78 T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra iler t y p e ) -----------------------------------Manufacturing ----------- ---------------------------------N onm anufacturing_____________________ ____ 1 2 3 * - 9 ----- 8 ----- " Data lim ited to men w ork ers, except where otherw ise indicated. Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. Includes all d rivers regard le ss of siz e and type of truck operated. Transportation (excluding r a ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities. $ 1. - 476 ------ 5 3 ----- $ 1. 70 ■ T r u ck d riv ers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra iler t y p e ) __ ___________________ _____ __ M an u factu rin g________________________________ N onm anufacturing___________________________ Public utilities * _________________________ $ 1 . 60 _ 2. $ 1. 50 “ 744 85 659 570 $ 1 .4 0 ---- 27— 12 ------ 9---- — n — — 31 95 2 2 137 234 39 195 2 — 30 28 12 2 23 n 126 ~ 5 5 5 60 - . 60 6 - 80 4 - - - - 9 9 _ " _ " _ . 90 and over 2 - - 1 - 2 2 - - 2. 90 80 21 21 72 16 10 2. 6 74 - $ 2. - - 11 11 $ 2. 70 1 9 9 - - 37 37 - - " - 4 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - " _ " - 2 11 10 1 _ _ - _ ■ - 9 Appendix: Job Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on inter establishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ signifi cantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field representatives are instructed to exclude work ing supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O f fi c e BILLER, MACHINE Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work in cidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Biller, machine (billing machine) - Uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc. , which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from custom ers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memoranda, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) - Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc. , which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers* ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints auto matically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowl edge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or with out a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - Continued Class A - Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Deter mines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B - Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, custom ers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A - Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or a c counts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B - Under supervision, performs one or more routine accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers, accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a func tional basis among several workers. 10 CLERK, FILE Class A - Responsible for maintaining an established filing system^ Classifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating material in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. Class B - Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been classified, or locates or assists in locating m a terial in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers* orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective de partments to be filled. May check with credit department to deter mine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical key-punch machine, following written information on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. Keeps files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confi dential m ail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dicta tion or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memoranda for information of superior. PAYROLL STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and d is tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a type writer. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include tran scribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). COMPTOMETER OPERATOR STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon sibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a mimeograph or ditto machine. Makes necessary ad justment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or ditto m aster. May keep file of used stencils or ditto m asters. May sort, collate, and staple com pleted material. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take m essages. May give infor mation to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. 11 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL - Continued SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST tion type This time In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’s while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates machine that automatically analyzes and translates information punched in groups of tabulating cards and prints trans lated data on forms or accounting records; sets or adjusts machine; does simple wiring of plugboards according to established practice or diagrams; places cards to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts machine. May file cards after they are tabulated. May, in addition, operate auxiliary machines. included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keep ing simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis tributing incoming mail. Class A - Performs one or more of the following: Typing material in final form from very rough and involved draft; copy ing from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreignlanguage copy; combining material from several sources, or planning layout of complicated statistical tables to maintain uni formity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final form. May type routine form letters, varying details to suit circumstances. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers tran scribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabu lary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not Professional DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Uses various types of drafting tools .as required. May pre pare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or pre liminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during Class B - Performs one or more of the following: Typing from relatively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, e tc .; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. a nd Technical DRAFTSMAN, LEADER - Continued emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc. , to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computa tions such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. 12 NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continue.d A registered nurse' who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees* injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. Mai nt e nanc e TRACER Copies tracing cloth or Uses T-square, simple drawings plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare and do simple lettering. and Po we r p l a nt CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE ENGINEER, STATIONARY Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw ings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter*s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, mo tors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consump tion. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blue prints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diag nosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electricianfs handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning work ing area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding ma terials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by jour neyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to sup plying, lifting, and holding materials and tools, and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. 13 MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; making necessary adjust ments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establish ment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance' mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE MILLWRIGHT Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instruc tions and specifications; planning ana laying out of work; using a va riety of machinists handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relat ing to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant lay out are required. Work involves most of the following; Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com putations relating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed re ducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal appren ticeship or equivalent training and experience. OILER MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of'such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in dis assembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship or equivalent training and experience. Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing surfaces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. Work involves the following; Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. 14 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE - Continued Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the fol lowing: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe re quired; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes .meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Workers rimarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or eating systems are excluded. and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blue prints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning Cu s t o d i a l (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and .other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifi cations; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. and M a t e r i a l ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. TOOL AND DIE MAKER Mov e me nt JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. 15 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchan dise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK - Continued other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; maintaining \ecessary records and file? For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers1 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of out going orders, requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is re sponsible for incoming shipment of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, prac tices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and pre paring records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, post ing weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport materials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, ware houses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail estab lishments and customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1V2 tons! Truckdriver, medium ( 1 V2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ☆ U. S, GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1957 O— 444355 Occupational Wage Surveys Occupational wage surveys are being conducted in 17 major labor markets during late 1957 and early 1958. Bulletins, when available, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C., or from any of the regional sales offices shown.
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