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Occupational Wage Survey PORTLAND, OREGON-W ASHINGTON MAY 1960 Bulletin No. 1265-49 UNITED S T A T E S D EPARTM EN T O F LA B O R Jam es P. M itchell, S e cre ta ry BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey PORTLAND, OREGON-WASHINGTON MAY 1960 Bulletin No. 1265-49 July 1960 UNITED S T A T E S D EPA R TM EN T O F LA B O R Jam es P. M itchell, S e cre ta ry BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 25 cents Preface The Community Wage Survey Program The Bureau of Labor Statistics regularly conducts areawide wage surveys in a number of important industrial centers. The studies, made from late fall to early spring, relate to occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. A prelim inary report is available on completion of the study in each area, usually in the month following the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the earlier report. A consolidated analytical bulletin summarizing the results of all of the year’s surveys is issued after completion of the final area bulletin for the current round of surveys. This report was prepared in the Bureau’s regional office in San Francisco, Calif. , by William P. O’Connor, under the direction of John L. Dana, Regional Wage and Industrial Relations Analyst. Contents Page Introduction _____________________________________________________ 1 Wage trends for selected occupational groups _____________________ 4 Tables: 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey _________ 3 2. Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percents of increase for selected p erio d s______________ 3 A: Occupational earnings: * A -l. Office occupations___________________________________ 5 A-2. Professional and technical occupations _______________ 8 A-3. Maintenance and power plant occupations ______________ 9 A-4. Custodial and m aterial movement occupations_________ 10 B: Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions: * B -l. Shift differentials ___________________________________ 12 B-2. Minimum entrance salaries for women office w o rk ers______________________________________ 13 B-3. Scheduled weekly h o u rs______________________________ 14 B-4. Paid holidays _______________________________________ 15 B-5. Paid vacations ______________________________________ 16 B-6. Health, insurance, and pension plans _________________ 18 Appendix: Occupational descriptions ______________________________ 19 * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available in the Portland area reports for June 1951, September 1952 and 1953, and April of each year since 1955. The April 1959 report was limited to occupational earnings. A directory indicating date of study and the price of the reports, as well as reports for other major areas, is available upon request. A current report on occupational earnings and sup plementary wage practices in the machinery industries in the Portland area (April I960) is also available. Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels, are available for the fol lowing trades or industries: Building construction, printing, local-transit operating employees, and m otortruck drivers and helpers. iii Occupational Wage Survey—Portland, Oreg.—Wash. Introduction This area is one of several important industrial centers in which the U.S. Department of L a b o rs Bureau of Labor Statistics has conducted surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bureau field economists to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation,1 communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major in dustry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted also because they furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to w ar rant inclusion. Wherever possible, separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishm ents. To obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of sm all establishments is studied. In combining the data, how ever, all establishm ents are given their appropriate weight. Estim ates based on the establishm ents studied are presented, therefore, as re lating to all establishm ents in the industry grouping and area, ex cept for those below the minimum size studied. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational clas sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishm ent variation in duties within the same job. (See appendix for listing of these descriptions.) Earnings data are presented (in the A -series tables) for the following types of occupa tions: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) m ainte nance and power plant; and (d) custodial and m aterial movement. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e . , those hired to work a regular weekly sched ule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but cost-ofliving bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-tim e salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. Average earnings of men and women are presented separately for selected occupations in which both sexes are commonly employed. Differences in pay levels of men and women in these occupations are largely due to (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among industries and establishments; (2) differences in specific duties per formed, although the occupations are appropriately classified within the same survey job description; and (3) differences in length of serv ice or m erit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis. Longer average service of men would result in higher average pay when both sexes are employed within the same rate range. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usu ally more generalized than those used in individual establishments to allow for minor differences among establishments in specific duties performed. Occupational employment estim ates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actu ally surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishm ents, the estim ates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu pational structure do not m aterially affect the accuracy of the earn* ings data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Information is presented also (in the B -series tables) on se lected establishment practices and supplementary benefits as they re late to office and plant workers. The term "office workers, " as used in this bulletin, includes working supervisors and nonsupervisory workers performing clerical or related functions, and excludes admin istrative, executive, and professional personnel. "Plant workers" in clude working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including lead1 Railroads, form erly excluded from the scope of these studies,men and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. Administrative, have been added in nearly all of the areas to be studied during the executive, and professional employees, and force-account construction winter of 1959-60; railroads will be added in the remaining areas next employees who are utilized as a separate work force are excluded. year. For scope of survey in this area, see footnote to "transporta Cafeteria workers and routemen are excluded in manufacturing indus tion, communication, and other public utilities" in table 1. tries, but are included as plant workers in nonmanufacturing industries. 2 The sum m ary of vacation plans is lim ited to form al arran ge m en ts, excluding inform al plans w hereby tim e off with pay is granted at the d iscretio n of the em p lo yer. Separate estim a tes are provided according to em ployer practice in com puting vacation paym ents, such as tim e paym ents, percen t of annual earn in gs, or fla t-su m am ounts. H ow ever, in the tabulations of vacation allow an ces, paym ents not on a tim e b a sis w ere converted; for exam p le, a paym ent of 2 percen t of annual earnings w as co n sid ered as the equivalent of 1 w eek 1s pay. Data are p resen ted for a ll h ealth , in su ran ce, and pension plans for which at le a st a part of the c o st is borne by the em p lo yer, excepting only leg a l req u irem en ts such as w orkm en1s com p ensation and so cia l secu r ity . Such plans include those underw ritten by a co m m er cia l insuran ce com pany and those provided through a union fund or paid d irectly by the em ployer out of cu rren t operating funds or from a fund s e t asid e for this purpose. Death b en efits are included as a form of life in su ran ce. S ick n ess and accident insuran ce is lim ited' to that type of in surance under which predeterm ined ca sh paym ents are m ade d irectly to the insured on a w eekly or m onthly b a sis during illn e s s or accid en t d isa b ility . Inform ation is p resen ted for all such plans to which the em ployer con trib u tes. H ow ever, in New York and New J e r se y , which have enacted tem porary d isab ility insuran ce law s w hich require e m ployer co n trib u tio n s,4 plans are included only if the em p loyer (1) con tributes m ore than is leg a lly req u ired , or (2) provides the em ployee with b en efits which ex ceed the req u irem en ts of the law . T abulations of paid sic k -le a v e plans are lim ited to form al p la n s5 w hich provide full pay or a proportion of the w ork er's pay during absen ce from work b ecau se of illn e s s . Separate tabulations are provided accord ing to (l) plans which provide fu ll pay and no w aiting period, and (2) plans providing eith er partial pay or a w aiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions o f w ork ers who are provided sick n ess and accid en t insurance or paid sick lea v e, an unduplicated total is shown of w orkers who receiv e eith er or both types of b en efits. C atastrophe in su ran ce, so m etim es referred to a s . extended m ed ical in su ran ce, inclu des those plans w hich are d esign ed to p rotect em p lo yees in ca se of sick n e ss and injury involving ex p en ses beyond the norm al co verage of h osp italization , m ed ica l, and su rgical p lan s. M edical insuran ce re fe r s to plans providing for com p lete or partial paym ent of d o c to rs1 fe e s . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by co m m er cia l insuran ce com panies or nonprofit organ ization s or they m ay be se lf-in su r e d . Tabulations of retirem en t pen sion plans are lim ited to those plans that provide m onthly paym ents for the rem ainder of the w o rk er 's life . An estab lish m en t was co n sid ered as having a policy if it m et eith er of the follow ing conditions: (1) O perated late sh ifts at the tim e of the su rvey, or (2) had form al p rovision s coverin g late sh ifts. 3 Scheduled w eekly hours for office w orkers (fir st sectio n table B -3 ) in su rveys m ade prior to late 1957 and ea rly 1958 w ere p resen ted in term s of the proportion of w om en office w orkers e m ployed in o ffices w ith the indicated w eekly hours for w om en w o rk er s. 4 The tem porary d isab ility law s in C aliforn ia and Rhode Island do not require em p loyer con trib u tion s. * An estab lish m en t w as con sid ered as having a form al plan if ofit estab lish ed at le a st the m inim um num ber of days of sick lea ve that could be expected by each em p lo yee. Such a plan need not be w ritten , but inform al sic k -le a v e allow an ces, d eterm in ed on an individual b a s is , w ere excluded. Shift d ifferen tial data (table B - l) are lim ited to m anufacturing in d u stries. T his inform ation is presented both in term s of (a) esta b lish m en t p olicy, 2 p resented in term s of total plant w orker em p loy m ent, and (b) effectiv e p ra ctice, presen ted on the b a sis of w orkers actually em ployed on the sp ecified sh ift at the tim e of the su rvey. In estab lish m en ts having varied d ifferen tia ls, the am ount applying to a m ajority w as used o r, if no am ount applied to a m ajority, the c la s sifica tio n "other" was u sed . In estab lish m en ts in which som e la te sh ift hours are paid at norm al ra te s, a differen tial was record ed only if it applied to a m ajority of the shift hours. M inim um entrance rates (table B -2 ) relate only to the esta b lish m en ts v isited . They are p resen ted on an estab lish m en t, rather than on an em ploym ent b a sis. P aid holidays; paid vacations; and health, in su ran ce, and pension plans are treated sta tistica lly on the b a sis that th ese are applicable to all plant or office w orkers if a m a jority of such w orkers are elig ib le or m ay eventually qualify for the p ra ctices liste d . Scheduled hours are treated sta tistica lly on the b a sis that th ese are applicable to all plant or office w orkers if a m ajority are c o v e r e d .3 B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s in these tabulations m ay not equal to ta ls. The fir s t part of the paid holidays table p resen ts the num b er of whole and half holidays actually provided. The secon d part com b ines w hole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e . 3 T able 1. E sta b lish m en ts and w ork ers w ithin scope of su rvey and num ber studied in P ortland , O reg. —W ash.,1 by m ajor in dustry d iv isio n , 2 M ay I960 Industry d iv isio n A ll d iv is io n s ______________________________ M anufacturing _ ------------------------ -------N on m an u factu rin g__________________ __ _ T ransportation , com m un ication , and other public u t ilit ie s 5 __________ W h olesale trade ______________________ R eta il t r a d e ------------------------ ---------------F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l esta te ___________________________ S e r v ic e s 7 ______________________________ M inim um em p loym en t in e sta b lish m en ts in scope of study W ithin scope of stu d y3 Num ber of esta b lish m en ts 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 538 227 311 61 83 83 43 41 Studied 151 63 88 24 19 23 10 12 T o ta l4 107, 300 52, 000 55, 300 20, 000 8, 300 15,80 0 7 ,4 0 0 3, 800 W orkers in esta b lish m e n ts W ithin scope of study O ffice P lant 19, 500 4, 800 14,70 0 4, 300 (6 ) 1 ,7 0 0 (*} (6 ) 7 0 ,3 0 0 39, 600 3 0 ,7 0 0 1 0 ,7 0 0 (6) 1 2 ,5 0 0 (M (6 ) Studied T o ta l4 5 8 ,9 2 0 2 7 ,6 0 0 31, 320 15, 620 2, 630 7, 810 3, 820 1,440 1 The P ortland M etropolitan A rea (C lack am as, M ultnom ah, and W ashington C ou nties, O reg. , and C lark County, W ash. ). The "w orkers w ithin scope of study* e stim a te s show n in th is tab le provide a reason ab ly accu rate d e scrip tio n of the siz e and com p osition of the lab or force in cluded in the su rvey. The e stim a te s a re not in tended, ho w ever, to ser v e a s a b a sis of com p arison w ith other area em p loym en t in d exes to m ea su re em p loym en t tren d s or le v e ls sin ce (1) planning of w age su rv ey s r e q u ires the use of esta b lish m en t data com p iled co n sid erab ly in advance of the p a yro ll period studied and (2) sm a ll esta b lish m e n ts a re exclud ed from the scope of the su rvey. 2 The 1957 r e v ise d ed ition of the Standard Ind ustrial C la ssific a tio n M anual w as used in c la ssify in g esta b lish m e n ts by in dustry d iv isio n . M ajor chan ges from the e a r lie r ed ition (u sed in the B u reau ’s lab or m ark et w age su rv ey p rogram p rior to the w inter of 1958-59) a re the tr a n sfe r of m ilk p a steu riza tio n p lants and r e a d y -m ix ed con c r ete esta b lish m e n ts from trad e (w h olesale or r e ta il) to m anufacturing, and the tra n sfer of radio and te le v is io n b road castin g from s e r v ic e s to the tran sp ortation , com m u nication , and other public u tilitie s d iv isio n . 3 Includ es a ll esta b lish m e n ts w ith total em p loym en t at or above the m in im u m -siz e lim itation . A ll ou tlets (w ithin the a r ea ) of com p an ies in such in d u stries a s trad e, fin an ce, auto rep air s e r v ic e , and m o tion -p ictu re th ea ters a re co n sid ered a s 1 esta b lish m en t. 4 Includ es e x e c u tiv e, p r o fessio n a l, and other w o rk ers exclud ed from the sep arate o ffice and plant c a te g o r ie s. 5 R ailroad s w ere included; tax ica b s and s e r v ic e s in cid en tal to w ater tran sp ortation w ere exclud ed. 6 T his in dustry d iv isio n is r e p resen ted in e stim a te s for "ail in d u stries" and ■ nonm anufacturing" in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s, although co v erage w as in su fficien t to ju stify sep arate p resen tation of data. 7 H otels; p erson al s e r v ic e s ; b u sin e ss s e r v ic e s ; autom obile rep air shops; m otion p ictu res; nonprofit m em b ersh ip organ ization s; and en gin eerin g and a r c h itectu ra l s e r v ic e s . T able 2. Ind exes of standard w eek ly s a la r ie s and str a ig h t-tim e hourly earn in gs for s elec ted occup ation al groups in P ortland , O r e g .—W a sh ., M ay I960 and A p ril 1959,and p ercen ts of in cr e a se for se le c te d p eriod s Indexe s P er c e n t in c r e a s e s from — (Septem ber 1952 = 100) Industry and occup ation al group A p ril 1958 A p ril 1957 A p ril 1956 A p ril 1955 Septem ber 1953 Sep tem b er 1952 A p ril 1959 May A p ril to to to to to to to 1960 1959 A p ril 1955 Septem ber 1953 M ay I960 A p ril 1958 A p ril 1957 A p ril 1956 A p ril 1959 A ll in d u stries; 5 .4 4. 7 3 .7 5 .2 O ffice c le r ic a l (w om en) __ __ __ 3 .2 5. 1 3. 6 135. 1 130. 3 4. 3 1. 6 131. 8 6. 3 7 .4 6. 9 135.7 2. 1 Ind ustrial n u rses (w om en) __________ 2 .9 5. 5 134. 0 4 .4 Sk illed m aintenance (m en) __________ 138. 9 3. 6 5. 8 5. 5 3. 9 4 .9 5 .4 4 .6 3. 0 135 .4 4. 1 3. 8 U n sk illed plant (m en) ________________ 130. 1 5 .2 4 .9 M anufacturing: 4. 3 4. 0 5. 6 3. 1 3. 8 O ffice c le r ic a l (w om en) ______________ 4 .7 5. 3 135. 1 129. 1 .8 In d u strial n u rses (w om en) __________ 131. 3 6. 3 .7 5. 0 7. 8 133. 6 1. 8 7. 5 4 .7 4 .6 135.4 5. 1 140. 0 3 .4 4. 2 6 .2 S k illed m aintenance (m en) _________ 6 .2 U n sk illed plant (m en) ________________ 136. 3 130.4 4. 5 3. 1 6. 7 4 .6 5 .5 2. 1 5. 3 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P resen ted in table 2 are indexes of sa la rie s of office c le r ic a l w ork ers and industrial n u r se s, and of average earnings of selected plant w orker groups. F or office cle r ic a l w orkers and industrial n u r se s, the indexes relate to average w eekly sa la r ie s for norm al hours of w ork, that is , the standard w ork schedule for w hich stra ig h t-tim e sa la rie s are paid. F or plant w orker groups, they m easu re changes in stra ig h t-tim e hourly earn in gs, excluding prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eek end s, h olid ays, and late sh ifts. The* indexes are based on data for selected key occupations and include m o st of the n u m erically im portant jobs w ithin each group. The office c le r ic a l data are based on w om en in the follow ing 18 jobs: B ille r s , m achine (billing m achine); bookkeepingm achine op erators, cla ss A and B; C om ptom eter operators; c le r k s, file , c la ss -A and B; cle rk s, order; cle rk s, payroll; keypunch operators; office girls; secr e ta r ie s; sten ograp h ers, general; sw itchboard opera tors; sw itchboard op era to r-recep tio n ists; tabula ting-m achin e operators; tran scrib in g-m ach in e op erators, general; and ty p ists, c la ss A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on w om en industrial n u r se s. Men in the follow ing 10 sk illed m aintenance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs w ere in clu d ed in the plant w orker data: Skilled-— carpenters; electricia n s; m ach in ists; m ech a n ics; m ec h a n ics, autom otive; m illw righ ts; painters; p ip efitters; sh eet-m eta l w orkers; and tool and die m akers; u n sk illed — ja n itors, p o rters, and clean ers; la b o rers, m a teria l handling; and w atchm en. A verage w eekly sa la r ie s or average hourly earnings w ere com puted for each of the selected occupations. The average sa la rie s or hourly earnings w ere then m ultiplied by the average of 1953 and 1954 em ploym ent in the job. T hese w eighted earnings for individual occupations w ere then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupa tional group. F in ally, the ratio of th ese group aggregates for a given year to the aggregate for the b ase period (su rvey m onth, w inter 1952.-53) w as com puted and the r e su lt m ultip lied by the b a se year index (100) to get the index for the given y ear. A djustm ents have been m ade w h ere n e c e ssa r y to m aintain com parability. F or exam p le, in m o st of the area s su rveyed , railroad s w ere included in the coverage of the su rveys for the fir s t tim e this y ea r. In com puting the in d exes, data relatin g to the railroad industry w ere excluded. The indexes m ea su r e, p rin cip ally, the effects of (l) gen eral sa la ry and w age changes; (2) m er it or other in cr ea ses in pay received by individual w orkers w h ile in the sam e job; and (3) changes in the labor fo rce such as labor turnover, fo rce exp an sion s, fo rce red u c tion s, and changes in the proportion of w ork ers em ployed by esta b lish m en ts w ith different pay le v e ls. C hanges in the labor fo rce can cause in cr ea ses or d ec rea se s in the occupational a verag es w ithout actual w age changes. F or exam p le, a fo rce expansion m ight in crea se the proportion of low er paid w ork ers in a sp ecific occupation and r e su lt in a drop in the a verag e, w h ereas a reduction in the proportion of low er paid w ork ers would have the opposite effect. The m ovem ent of a high-paying estab lish m en t out of an area could cau se the average earnings to drop, even though no change in ra tes occu rred in other area esta b lish m en ts. The u se of constant em ploym ent w eigh ts elim in a tes the effects of changes in the proportion of w ork ers rep resen ted in each job in cluded in the data. N or are the indexes influenced by changes in standard w ork sched ules or in prem ium pay fo r o vertim e, sin ce they are based on pay for stra ig h t-tim e h ou rs. Indexes for the period 1953 to 1959 for w ork ers in 17 m ajor labor m ark ets appeared in BLS B u ll. 1240-22, W ages and R elated B en efits, 20 Labor M ark ets, W inter 1958-59. Occupational Earnings 5 Table A-1. O ffice Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b a sis by industry division, Portland, O reg.—Wash. , May I960) Avbbaob Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ W^klT Weekly 40. 00 hours 1 earning*1 and (Standard) (Standard) under 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 50.00 $ 55.00 t 6 0 .0 0 < 65.00 %70. 00 S $ $ 75. 00 80. 00 85.0 0 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 7 0.00 7 5.00 80. 00 - - - - - _ - - _ - 8 5.00 9 0 .0 0 13 ----- 5— %9 0 . 00 % % $ $ $ $ $ 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00 1 1 0 .0 0 115.00 1 2 0 .0 0 125. 00 and 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00 1 1 0 .0 0 115.00 1 2 0 . 00 125. 00 over Men 213 55 158 67 4 0 .0 $106.00 1 01.00 4 0 .0 107.50 40. 0 109.50 4 0 .0 C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B ---------------------------- ------- __ M an u factu rin g---------------------------------------------------- ------Nonm anufacturing ----------------------------------------------------Pu blic u tilitie s 2 _________________________________ 71 28 43 28 3 9.5 39. 0 40. 0 4 0 .0 87.50 76.50 94.50 101 .00 - C lerk s, o r d e r _ __ -------------------------- ---- ----------------------------------M an u factu rin g----------------- ------- -------N onm anufacturing-------------------------------------------------- 178 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 100.50 102.50 99.50 _ - _ - 1 2 - - ----- 1----- 118 1 1 _ - 33 40. 0 102.50 _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ 5 O ffice b o y s ------ --------------- ----------------- -------------------------M an u factu rin g--------------------------------------- — -----N onm anufacturing------------------------------------ ------------ __ Pu blic u t ilit ie s 2 ---------- ---------------------- — — 82 32 50 26 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 40. 0 40. 0 58.00 50.50 62.50 68.50 9 9 - 20 7 7 - 19 4 15 9 8 1 2 - 6 1 1 1 7 5 " 5 3 Tabulating-m achine o p e ra to rs , cla s s A ________________ 34 40. 0 112 .00 _ _ _ - _ 64 40 4 0 .0 39.5 97.50 1 B ille r s , m achine (billin g m achine) ________ ____ „ M an u factu rin g--------------------------------------------— ------N onm anufacturing_______________________ __ — — __ 98 27 71 39. 5 39. 0 4 0 .0 69.50 B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine) ----------------------N onm anufacturing----------------- --------- __ __ ------ 43 41 40. 0 40. 0 58.50 57.50 B ookkeeping-m achine op e ra to rs, c la s s A --------- -------M an ufacturin g------ ---------------------- ---------------------------N onm anufacturing----------------------------------- -------- 71 42 29 40. 0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 81.00 81.00 80.00 B ookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs , c la s s B --------------------M anufacturin g---------------------------------------------------- ------N onm anufacturing-------------------------------------,-----------------R etail t r a d e ---------------- ------------ ----------------- — __ 518 55 463 62 39. 39. 39. 40. 65.50 74.50 64.00 68.50 C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A __________________ ________ M an u factu rin g---------------- ---- ------- -------------------------N onm anufacturing____________________________________ Pu blic u tilities 2 ___________________________________ C lerk s, p a y r o l l _______________________________ __ ---- T abulating-m achine o p e ra to rs, c la s s B -------- __ — — N onm anufacturing------- ------------------------ — ______ _ 6b - _ _ _ 9 11 - _ - _ " 2 ~ 1 1 6 --------5~ - 1 1 2 2 - - 25 25 - 16 2 - 14 2 2 1 1 - 1 13 6 27 ----- j----- 53 6 6 26 10 47 4 7 7 12 2 10 8 9 9 39 _ - 4 4 4 _ - _ - 2 8 8 12 13 1 12 16 6 10 10 10 15 5 9 7 5 ’ 10 3 _ 30 13 17 7 40 13 27 17 10 8 - •- 10 8 7 3 2 2 3 3 2 9 17 24 43j----9 ----5 ------ 5— ----- 6— 4 42 12 18 13 2 2 6 _ 3 1 9 4 9 2 _ 8 2 - - - 8 2 2 . - . - . " . - . - . - _ - _ _ _ _ 2 3 7 6 3 3 5 . 2 6 5 14 8 2 3 " 1 15 4 4 3 " 13 5 16 “ 1 1 16 _ ■ - ~ _ - “ _ - _ _ _ - - - 2 _ - _ - - . - 7 9 8 .0 0 - - “ " ~ 6 9 .0 0 . " 2 1 1 8 9 9 27 14 13 16 2 9 6 1 6 3 15 _ " 2 - 14 3 3 - 6 8 _ 2 2 17 17 12 12 6 6 1 1 - 5 3 - - - _ - - _ - _ - 4 4 4 4 2 2 28 - 13 4 9 _ - - 1 1 - 17 14 3 _ - 7 2 " _ - 65 65 4 84 84 77 77 109 5 104 71 24 47 58 3 20 2 20 1 2 - - - - _ - 10 12 8 11 12 5 15 5 7 7 " *5 W omen 5 5 5 0 68.50 - _ _ - - _ - 22 22 - 21 38 2 2 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: E stim ates for all in dustries, nonmanufacturing, and public u tilities include data for railroad s (SIC 40), om itted from the scope of all labor m arket wage surveys made before the w inter of 1959-60. Where significant, the effect of the in clusion of r a il roads is greatest on the data shown sep arately for the public u tilities division. The trend of earnings in selected occupational groups in a ll in dustries, excluding railroad s, appears in table 2. 6 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations-Continued (Average straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, Portland, O reg.—'W ash., May I960) A vkraqb Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Wom en — Continued C lerks, accounting, c la ss A ---------------M anufacturing __________________ __________ ____ Nonmanufacturing -------------- — -------------------------R etail trade --------------------------------------------------------C lerks, accounting, c la ss B ---------------------------------------M anufacturing _________ _______________ _____________ Nonmanufacturing —----- ------- ---------------- — ____ Public u tilitie s 2 __________________________ __ __ R etail trade -------- ------------ ------------------------------C lerks, file, cla ss A — — ---- ------- __ __ __ M an u factu rin g---------------------------------------------------------- Number of workers 190 79 111 51 598 146 452 79 197 48 45 N U M B ER OF W O RK ERS R E CE IVIN G S T R A IG H T-TIM E W E E K L Y EA RN IN G S OF— $ $ Weekly, hours 1 (Standard) Weekly earnings1 (Standard) 39.5 $85. 00 39.5 87.50 4 0 .0 83. 50 40. 0 80.50 4 0 .0 70. 00 4 0 .0 72.50 4 0 .0 69.50 4 0 .0 87.50 4 0 .0 66.50 39.5 69.50 39.5 69.50 $ $ _ _ _ _ - 32 2 30 1 4 4 _ 31 2 29 15 1 276 42 234 26 255 88 167 282 123 159 61 49 392 186 206 82 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 4 0 .0 40. 0 4 0.0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 39.5 4 0 .0 4 0.0 4 0 .0 4 0.0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0.0 55. 00 61.50 54. 00 75.50 72. 00 69. 00 73.50 79. 00 78.50 79. 50 88. 00 70. 00 73. 50 77. 00 70. 50 66. 00 12 12 _ _ 3 3 3 121 5 116 2 1 1 4 4 4 4 1 3 3 27 7 20 11 10 1 1 1 37 9 28 13 33 4 0.0 63. 00 - - 4 Keypunch operators ___________________________________ M anufacturing _________ __ ____________________ __ Nonmnaufacturing ____ _ ____ __ -------------------------Public u tilitie s 2 _ __ ------------------ -------------------Office girls ------------------------- __ ____ __ _______ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------------Secretaries ------------- __ __ __ __ ___ __ __ __ _ M anufacturing _______________ _ Nonmanufacturing ________________ ___ __ ___ __ Public u tilitie s 2 ----- ------------ __ ____ _______ R etail trade — _ — ------- - — ------- — ------- 276 85 191 82 168 144 636 242 394 118 63 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 39.5 4 0 .0 39.0 39.0 39.5 40.0 39.5 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 7 3. 00 70.00 74. 50 78.50 51.00 50. 00 85. 50 84. 00 86.50 94.50 78. 50 23 21 _ _ - 6 2 4 27 14 2 _ 2 $ $ $ t $ $ $ $ 40. 00 45. 00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75. 00 80.00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 n o . oo 115.00 120.00 125. 00 and ~ ~ ~ " ~ ~ ~ ■ ~ “ ~ “ 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60.00 65.00 70. 00 75.00 80. 00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 over C lerks, file, cla ss B — — ---- --------------- __ ____ __ M anufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ______ ___ Nonmanufacturing --------— --------------------------------------Public u tilitie s 2 ---------- __ __ __ __ __ ____ C lerks, order —_ __ _ _____ _ __ _____ M anufacturing ----- ------------ __ _ --------- __ __ Nonmanufacturing _____ ______ _ ___ __ __ __ C lerks, payroll — __ __ — ___ M anufacturing _ __ __ __ __ ___ __ __ __ Nonmanufacturing — __ _ ______ _________ Public u tilitie s 2 _ _ _ _ _ __ __ ---------------- __ __ R etail trade _____________________________________ Com ptom eter operators ----------------------------------------------M anufacturing __ _ — __ __ __ ----------- ----- Nonmanufacturing _ -------------------------------- ---------R etail trade - _ ___ __ ____________ _____ D uplicating-m achine operators (M im eograph or Ditto) _______________________________ See footnotes at end of table. $ - 84 82 _ _ - - _ 32 13 19 12 5 5 1 1 1 126 18 108 83 6 5 19 19 15 93 29 64 4 17 12 12 13 13 5 103 37 66 4 32 7 7 23 18 5 1 52 14 38 2 32 3 3 31 9 22 5 47 15 32 15 2 8 7 49 26 23 8 37 3 34 29 3 _ “ 13 8 5 2 40 18 22 43 18 25 8 14 23 7 16 10 26 10 16 4 39 4 35 15 4 11 6 1 41 15 26 4 18 1 17 4 51 14 37 12 3 9 1 2 46 14 32 7 11 4 7 4 31 22 9 57 29 28 4 5 69 32 37 31 5 1 4 4 5 5 " 42 34 8 6 107 102 5 2 . 46 4 42 39 9 30 12 4 22 2 20 - 7 11 7 2 1 - - 20 13 7 1 22 19 4 3 1 44 19 25 4 2 2 20 14 6 4 1 46 7 39 12 _ 57 14 43 15 8 63 13 50 20 4 1 69 43 26 9 9 30 14 10 _ 95 27 68 2 18 21 9 12 9 5 5 92 43 49 6 16 20 2 18 13 1 85 27 58 1 7 38 6 32 3 20 8 12 16 6----10 1 9 20 2 18 9 - 19 7 12 10 9 4 5 3 1 1 17 12 5 4 27 7 20 17 _ ~ $ $ $ $ $ 2 _ 2 _ _ - 2 _ 2 _ _ - _ _ 4 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - 9 7 2 2 5 5 3 ~ 1 1 5 5 - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ 4 4 4 _ - _ " _ _ _ - _ _ - 5 5 5 _ 12 7 5 4 10 10 - 3 9 9 9 1 1 - _ 11 11 7 4 _ * 1 - - - - - - - 19 4 15 7 _ 44 9 35 10 2 7 7 6 _ 55 25 30 9 2 _ 47 18 29 24 - . 19 3 16 16 - . 3 1 2 2 _ - 7 2 5 17 12 5 5 9 2 7 3 _ 22 7 15 15 _ 16 4 12 3 _ _ _ - 6 4 2 2 7 Table A-1. Office Occupations-Continued (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, Portland, O reg.—W ash ., May I960) Avshaqs NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ i Number 1 $ $ $ $ $ $ of Weekly, Weekly, 4 0 .0 0 45. 00 50.00 *55. 00 $60. 00 65. 00 70.00 75, 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 fo5.00 fio .o o f 15.00 *20.00 f 25.00 workers hour* 1 earning!1 and and (Standard) (Standard) under 4 5 .0 0 50.00 55. 00 60.00 65. 00 7 0 .0 0 75. 00 80.0 0 $5, 00 90.00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 over Sex, occupation, and industry division Wom en— Continued 82 14 68 3 26 5 21 _ 7 111 22 89 4 41 3 38 17 17 _ 6 _ - 3 3 3 30 10 20 _ 4 90.00 . . 3 9 .5 40. 0 39. 5 66. 00 73. 50 64. 00 “ 253 90 163 35 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 4 0 .0 68. 00 72. 00 65. 50 67. 00 . - - 468 116 352 49 39. 0 59. 00 40. 0 “67. 00“ 39. 0 56. 00 40. 0 67. 50 4 4 81 1 80 Stenographers, general ---- — _ _ — — M anufacturing __ ------- _ _ — N onm anufacturing------- __ _ — — Public u tilities * ---------------- ---------------------------------Switchboard operators __ ------- ~ - - _ -----------M anufacturing - — — ------- _ _ _ _ _ N onm anufacturing___________________________________ Public u tilitie s 1 __ ------- __ _ ---- _ ------R etail tr a d e ------- — — ------- _ __ _ — 892 223 669 145 198 30 168 52 31 39. 5 $74. 50 4 0 .0 77. 00 39. 5 73. 50 40. 0 86. 50 40. 0 68. 00 40. 0 66. 50 4 0 .0 68. 50 4 0 .0 82. 00 40. 0 58.00 _ _ - 4 Switchboard op erator-recep tion ists M anufacturing __ _ __ Nonmanufacturing Public u tilities * _ _ _ _ _ R etail trade - - 277 118 159 28 28 39. 5 3 9 .5 39. 5 40. 0 40. 0 67. 50 68. 00 67. 50 70. 00 62. 00 29 4 0 .0 T ranscribing-m achine operators, g e n e r a l-----------------M anufacturing _ _ _ _ _ - - — N onm anufacturing----------------------------------------------------- 201 37 164 T ypists, c la ss A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ M anufacturing - __ _ - — Nonmanufacturing Public u tilities 2 --------------------------------------------------T ypists, c la ss B — - — - — M anufacturing____ ____________ ....... ______________ Nonmanufacturing ---- --- — Public u tilitie s 2 — - _ _ _ __ _ Tabulating-m achine operators, cla ss B 1 1 3 4 43 9 34 2 13 111 35 76 15 30 11 19 3 1 117 16 101 10 30 2 28 7 - 140 31 109 16 12 2 10 10 - 121 54 67 15 6 1 5 1 42 19 23 7 “ 55 17 38 5 15 38 20 18 6 - 38 25 13 - 32 18 14 3 6 . _ . . 3 5 5 34 34 24 1 23 44 12 32 21 1 20 . 11 11 " 45 45 9 61 27 34 9 76 23 53 11 - 4 121 85 12 ” 22— 63 109 3 9 4 _ - 1 _ _ - 2 2 2 _ - _ - _ - - - - _ - - - 2 1 2 - - " " - - ~ 7 4 3 1 . ~ _ ■ . - . - _ - - " 1 1 1 3 3 3 - - - - - . - 54 30 14 16 16 16 - 42 14 28 14 14 14 13 - 54 5 49 41 _ _ " 12 5 7 7 _ _ - 14 4 10 3 - 12 1 11 1 - 10 3 7 3 - 3 1 2 - 3 2 6 9 17 17 33 9 24 17 12 5 4 2 2 2 2 34 8 26 6 36 21 15 5 40 23 17 2 15 3 12 3 4 4 " 26 18 8 3 26 1 25 16 27 24 3 3 14 13 1 4 2 2 24 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receiv e their regular straigh t-tim e sala ries and the earnings correspond to th ese w eekly hours. Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. A ll w orkers w ere at $ 125 to $ 130. W orkers w ere distributed as follow s: 2 at $ 125 to $ 130; 1 at $ 130 to $ 135; 1 at $ 135 to $ 140; 1 at $ 150 to $ 155. 4 - 4 4 . _ 8 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Portland, O reg.—W ash. , May I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF- A vsbaqb Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers $ 8 8 8 8 8 8 65. and00 70.00 75. 00 80.00 85.00 9 0 . 0 0 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120. 00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 under 70.00 75. 00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140,00 145.00 8 Weekly, hours 1 (Standard) Weekly , earnings (Standard) $ 8 8 8 $ $ 8 $ Men D raftsm en, senior ------- ---- -------------------------------------M anufacturing --------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 _______________________________ _ D raftsm en, junior —---------------------------------------------------M anufacturing -------- _ ------------------------------------------ 137 91 46 39 40. 0 $114.50 4 0 .0 114.50 40. 0 113.50 4 0 .0 114.00 - - - - - 1 1 - 6 6 - " " ■ " ■ " ■ . 19 14 5 5 24 14 10 3 18 2 16 16 31 24 7 7 98 76 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 93.00 92.50 2 2 - 9 9 13 12 7 7 26 12 10 10 21 18 9 6 1 - _ 35 30 40. 0 40. 0 87.50 85.50 8 8 2 2 4 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 2 1 . 2 2 21 16 5 5 - Women N u rses, industrial (registered) ---------------------------------M anufacturing _____________________________________ 1_______ 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receiv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la r ie s and the earnings correspond to th ese w eekly hours. 2 Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. NOTE: See note on p. 5, relative to the in clusion of railroad s. 1 1 13 10 3 3 1 1 - 1 1 - 2 2 - - - - - - 9 Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings for m en in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Portland, Or e g .—Wash. , May I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation and industry division C arpenters, m a in ten an ce--------------------- -------M anufacturing----- ------------ ----------------------N onm anufacturing---- ---------------- ------------Public u tilities 2 ------------------------------------E lectrician s, m aintenance ________________ M anufacturing---------- — __ ----------------------N onm anufacturing---------------------------------------public u tilities 2 ----- .------------------------------E ngineers, stationary ------- __ — _ -----M anufacturing______________________________ Nonmanufacturing — ------- ------- -----F irem en, stationary boiler — _______ — M anufacturing---------- -------------------------- — H elpers, trad es, m aintenance ________________ M anufacturing______________________________ N onm anufacturing--------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 — ---------------- _ --------M achine-tool op erators, to o lr o o m ___________ M anufacturing---------- — — — _ _ — _ M achinists, m a in ten a n c e _____________________ M anufacturing---- — __ — ------M echanics, autom otive (m aintenance) ___ _ M anufacturing___ ___ _________ Nonmanufacturing ------- — __ ---- — Public u tilities 2 ________________________ M echanics, m a in ten an ce__ — — M anufacturing _ __ __ — __ ------M illwrights M anufacturing — — __ — — ------------O ilers ---------- —.................... — M anufacturing----- — ----- _ - - - P ainters, m aintenance -----------------------------------M anufacturing------ — ---- ------------P ip efitters, m aintenance -------------------------------M anufacturing _ __ — — — ------- ------------Sheet-m etal w orkers, m aintenance _ --------- _ Number of workers Average hourly earnings 116 65 51 40 320 286 34 32 253 216 37 148 126 128 91 37 33 47 47 196 175 592 186 406 342 462 449 184 184 $2. 88 2.86 2. 90 2. 78 3. 06 3. 07 2.96 2.97 2. 81 2. 82 2. 77 2. 38 2. 36 2. 37 2. 36 2. 39 2. 36 2. 87 2. 87 3. 01 3. 03 2. 77 2. 73 2.79 2. 78 2.91 2.92 2.91 2.91 1 Under $ 2. 00 _ _ 4 4 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ " $2.00 12. 10 %2. 20 $2. 30 $2.40 $2. 50 %2. 60 %2. 70 %2. 80 $2. 90 $ 3. 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 $3. 30 $3.40 *3. 50 *3. 60 $3. 70 *3. 80 and vmder 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2.40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2.80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3 .40 3. 50 3. 60 3. 70 3. 80 3. 90 _ _ _ 1 1 . _ _ _ _ " ~ . _ 13 13 6 6 _ . 2 _ " _ _ 22 19 22 17 5 5 _ _ _ 5 5 _ 8 8 _ _ 70 63 57 34 23 23 _ _ _ _ _ • 24 24 2 ------j— 1 2 " 4 4 11 11 _ - . - _ " . - 5 -------r4 _ _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ 68 68 2. 38 5 2. 38 — r ~ 70 52 97 96 36 2.98 2. 98 2.97 2. 98 2. 87 _ _ - 1 E xcludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 1 Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. NOTE: See note on p. 5, relative to the inclusion of railroad s. 19 13 12 6 7 7 7 7 1 46 1 25 - 21 - 20 4 40 - 40 4 _ 13 13 12 19 12 14 5 5 _ _ 8 8 5 37 5 28 9 9 3 105 3 105 _ 22 " 22 ! 1 4 4 9 1 1 1 10 10 _ 10 6 4 4 12 12 12 10 10 78 60 18 12 4 _ - 16 16 9 6 87 87 87 15 7 1 1 _ 20 8 84 84 " 20 20 _ " 13 13 8 8 2 1 _ - - - 4 4 4 _ - . - 9 9 68 68 57 53 4 4 4 _ 7 7 33 33 41 41 _ - 22 7 15 13 30 29 1 1 1 _ - 4 4 5 5 " _ _ 14 14 33 40 33 40 315 40 48 rs 267 24 214 15 46 83 46 78 1 137 1 137 16 16 42 42 _ - 7 7 39 39 30 20 10 _ 6 6 J 23 23 58 58 24 4 4 - - 1 42 1 36 - 6 - 6 _ _ - " _ _ - _ - - 1 1 31 25 6 6 _ _ _ 8 5 3 _ _ _ . _ 9 9 9 _ . ■ _ 14 8 _ _ _ ■ _ “ _ “ - 96 96 _ " 1 1 9 9 15 5 10 8 47 47 23 23 7 7 14 14 12 7 17 17 _ - 3 - 4 4 2 - 2 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 - _ 2 2 _ - _ _ _ - 1 " 4 4 _ _ 7 7 - - - “ 14 14 40 40 _ " “ _ - ~ _ " - 10 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (Average straight-tim e hourly earnings £or selected occupations studied on an are a basis by industry division, Portland, O reg.—W ash., May I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation1 and industry division Number of Avenge hourly 1 1 .0 0 $ 1. 10 * 1 .2 0 % 1. 50 S 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 1.5Q _L ^0_ ATLQ- 1 .8 0 ■ $ 1. 30 $ 1 .4 0 -1 .1Q under — — E levator op erators, p assen ger (w o m e n )_______ ____ __ N onm anufacturing_____ __ ___ ________ R etail t r a d e ___ ________ ______________ 91 91 41 $ 1 . 33 1 .3 3 1. 32 9 9 9 12 12 2 29 29 1 li li 10 19 19 19 ______________________________________________ 31 2. 35 _ _ _ _ _ 1, 123 481 642 112 237 1 .8 2 1 .9 7 1 .7 1 1 .8 7 1. 62 - 6 6 - 59 6 53 32 23 s 18 3 38 13 25 23 196 176 72 1. 57 1.60 10 14 10 2 L a b o r e rs, m aterial handling _ _____________ M an ufactu ring______ __ _______________ ___ __ ___ __ N onm an ufactu ring_____ Public u tilities 3 ___ ___ __ _ _____ Retail t r a d e ________ _____ — ----- ------------ 1, 566 735 831 387 88 2. 28 2. 22 2. 33 2.46 1.87 Order f ille r s _____ __________ ___ _____ ------------------- ---------M an ufactu ring----- — N on m anufacturing---------------------------------------------Retail t r a d e ---------------- ---------- ------------------- 808 85 723 153 2. 26 2. 38 2. 25 2. 25 ________ P ack e rs, shipping ____ __ __________ N on m an ufactu ring_______________ — _____ __ 355 321 R eceiving c ler k s ---------------- _ ----- -------- — -------- __ ----M an ufactu ring----------------— — _______ N on m anufacturing_____ ___ Retail t r a d e __________________________________ Janitors, p o rte rs, and c lean ers (men) ------------Manufacturing — ---------- ----- ------ -----Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------Public u tilities 3 __ --------------------------- ----R etail t r a d e -------------------__ ------------- ---- Janitors, p o rte rs, and c lean ers __ __ __________ (women) _________ _____ N on m anufacturing-------- - ____________________ Public u tilities 3 __________________________ _ 1. 58 - 3 3 - _ 36 11 25 5 14 175 36 139 34 48 64 30 67 53 21 57 21 9 9 9 8 2 6 6 20 20 6 “ - - “ - 4 _ 2 4 _ 8 4 2 7 . . 309 55 254 2 110 16 5 11 7 137 80 57 50 - 105 92 13 13 126 97 29 4 31 17 14 4 50 46 4 - 12 12 - - - - - - - - - - - - 21 16 7 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - 7 16 10 6 6 17 13 4 4 73 69 4 4 52 26 26 22 380 281 377 42 3 239 2 25 1 18 185 17 168 60 4 139 40 99 73 364 122 242 217 16 6 10 10 11 11 - * 4 4 4 6 2 4 3 - 5 5 5 4 1 3 3 16 24 301 rr 10 12 291 12 352 352 101 19 19 19 . . 13 18 3 “ - - - - 21 209 2$9~ ------ i t 79 79 1 1 3 15 - 8 4 4 8 1 7 7 4 2 2 - - - i “ - 1 1 1 . - i - ■ ■ . . - - - - ~ ■ ~ “ i ■ - - - - 170 72 38 2. 34 2. 39 2. 27 2. 17 . - _ - Shipping clerk s _____________________________________ M an ufactu ring-------------- -------- __ __ ----N on m anufacturing---------------------------------------------- 163 ?1 92 2.41 1.44 2. 38 Shipping and receiving clerk s „ ____________ M an ufactu ring____ __ ___ „ ----- __ __ N on m anufacturing___ __ _____ ________ 191 80 111 2 .43 1. £6 2. 33 “ 1 1 . - “ “ - - . - - - 1 9 - 9 - 1 - 1 --------¥1 —\r~ 4 4 ! 1 $ $ 2.90 3.00 % 3. 10 - 3 .2 0 ■ 1 1 $ 2 .8 0 " " 2 ~ S 2 .7 0 2 .1 0 ~ - ~ 2 .25 2. 29 2 .6 0 - . “ % - . 1 1 - $ 2. 50 - _ . 7 7 $ 2 .4 0 - 11 11 “ 7 - $ 2. 30 - . - . 1 1 2. 20 - 8 8 7 1 $ 2. 10 - i ~ - ■ 18 $ 2 .0 0 - . - . _ . * 1 .9 0 - 10 " See footnotes at end of table, - ' ■ . 11 11 " s 1 .8 0 - _ _ _ _ _ - - “ . - _ _ _ _ . - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 1 — YT~— - 9 -------- ^ — 2 r — ■ 14 10 5 5 4 ~ - 2 2 25 44 3 nr 34 TT~— 3 1 1 " 33 12 21 17 — - 28 —rr 1 - - _ - _ - _ - - * - - - - - - - - - - - * _ _ _ - rr - 5 22 7 15 10 82 22 60 19 19 10 5 78 31 8 — rr 70 4 -------- 5 - 9 6 3 3 11 11 ~ 2 6 ------- F~ ----- 5 _ . ■ 8 17 — rr _ 5 - - - _ 3 5 - 12 12 _ 4 ■ - ■ ~ ■ 19 19 - 1 _ T j _ 1 8 5 ------ — 11 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations-Continued (Average straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an are a basis by industry division, Portland, O reg.—W ash., May I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation 1 Number and industry d ivision 4 at workers Average hourly earnings 2 ,6 5 9 626 2, 033 1, 558 224 $ 2 .5 3 2 .5 9 2 .5 2 2 .5 0 2 .5 1 T ru ck d rivers, light (under ll/z tons) -------Manufacturing ___ — ------ — -------------Nonmanufacturing — -------- -------------------- 204 41 163 2. 37 1 2 T ru ck d rivers, m edium ( V to and including 4 tons) _ __ -------- — ------------— Manufacturing _____________________________ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------- -------------Public u tilities --------------------------------- Retail trade —---------------------------------------- 3 T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r type) — —----- — — — --------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------- Public utilities 3 ----------------------------------- T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type) ------------------------------Manufacturing — ------------- -------------- 1, 245 154 1, 091 1, 009 41 831 277 554 303 325 123 $ $ 1 . 10 1.20 2 1.00 and under 1 . 10 1 . 20 1 .3 0 T r u ck d r iv e r s --------- -------------- _ -------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------- ------------------------------Public u tilit ie s - ------------- — — --------R etail trade ------------------------------------------------- 3 $ 2.21 2 .4 1 2 . 49 2 .5 3 2 .4 9 2 .4 9 2 .5 5 - - - - - - - - . - “ ~ - - - - 2 .6 1 2 .8 0 - - 109 2 .5 0 “ ' T ru ck ers, power (forklift) ------- -----------------------Manufacturing ____ _____ __ __ ____ ____ ___ ____ Nonmanufacturing —------------------------------------------------------------------------------Public utilities 577 354 223 104 2. 38 2. 35 2 .4 3 2 .4 3 - - T ru ck ers, power (other than forklift) ------ — Manufacturing ___ __ — -------- — ---------- _ 58 56 2. 37 2. 37 Watchm en __ — — — — — Manufacturing ____ — _ _ — --------Nonmanufacturing ___________________________ _ Public utilities — ------------------------- — 233 160 73 48 1 .9 8 1 .9 3 2 .0 8 3 1 .5 0 - " . - - . - - $ 1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 1 .,6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 1 1 10 6 6 6 6 6 - - 2 2 13 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 2 . 70 $ $ 2 . 80 2 .9 0 $ * 3 .0 0 $ 3. 10 2 ,.00 2 . 10 2 .. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 . 60 2. 70 2 .,80 2 . 90 3,. 3. 10 3. 20 - - " 6 6 6 6 - 1 1 10 10 - 2 2 " 3 1 1 2 2 - 7 16 - 11 8 - $ 2. 40 43 28 15 - - - $ 2. 30 S 10 6 - . $ $ 1 6 6 - 3 3 - 1 ..9 0 2 . 00 2 .. 10 2 . 20 $ - 36 30 128 22 6 4 2 106 40 60 8 8 13 4 ■ 5 20 35 20 20 15 - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ■ ■ - - " ■ 4 4 " - - 1 1 5 - - - - - 5 4 4 4 1.96 ■ 2 2 - - 6 1 5 " ■ - 5 5 - " 4 - 4 4 " - * - 20 9 11 44 44 4 - 10 10 - ~ 32 32 - 36 36 - 444 107 337 324 13 106 24 82 7 113 113 _ _ - 13 10 3 _ 3 _ _ _ - 12 1 1 - - - - - " - - - - “ 44 44 38 225 800 3 797 763 46 36 12 4 8 46 46 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 3 _ - - - - 11 5 5 25 25 11 8 • - - - 53 53 42 42 2 2 _ “ - - - - 18 18 - _ - _ - - " - ~ 2 2 - - - 8 217 204 13 171 22 10 4 6 313 94 219 218 248 38 72 72 39 210 6 47 8 39 7 2 1 1 93 - - - - 55 " 39 39 93 69 - 18 4 14 - 82 73 9 82 46 36 10 204 60 144 90 76 42 34 4 30 30 - - 10 10 3 67 6l 6 _ 6 126 75 20 " 22 20 18 18 19 9 50 50 40 31 9 9 9 4 5 5 - 9 7 18 18 2 2 308 86 222 10 102 138 - - 121 9 9 - 10 1356 1235 1173 23 00 2 2 5 - 1 Data lim ited to m en w orkers except w here otherw ise indicated. 2 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late shifts. 3 T ransportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. 4 Includes all d riv e rs reg ard less of size and type of truck operated. NOTE: See note on p. 5, relative to the inclusion of railro ad s. 1 ., 50 $ 1 .6 0 5 _ -------- -------------------- 3 1 .4 0 * 99 2 . 49 3 - $ 1 .4 0 2 .6 0 2 .5 9 2 .6 0 2 .5 4 202 Public u tilit ie s - $ 1. 30 18 2 - - 6 6 - - - - - _ _ _ B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-1. Shift Differentials (P ercen t of manufacturing plant w ork ers in establish m en ts having fo rm a l p rovisions for shift w ork, and in establishm ents actually operating late shifts by type and amount of differen tial, Portland, O r e g .—W a s h ., M ay I960) In establish m en ts having form al p rovision s for— 1 Shift d ifferen tial Second shift w ork Total — — ~ — — With shift pay d ifferen tial - - ------ — — — ---------------------------------------- Uniform cents (per h o u r ) --------- ---------- ------ — 3 4 5 7 cents — _ . . . _ __ ____ __ _ — cents ___-___ ______ __ ____ _____ —--------- ------------— -------— - — — c e n t s -----— — — cents _______ ______ ______________________________ 7lh cents __ — -------- ---------- — — ~ _ ____ rpntfl _ cents ____________ _________ ____ ___ ______________ cents — --------- _ ----- _ -------- — -----—-------____ — cents __ — — — — Over 12 and under 15 cents „ ______ — 15 cents ______________________ — _____________ __ Over 15 cents — — _ --------- ------------- — 8 9 10 12 9 7 .4 Third or other shift work 91. 3 In establish m en ts actually operating— Second shift 1 8 .4 Third or other shift 7 .0 9 2 .7 91.2 17. 3 6 .9 1 5 0 .5 11 . 1 5 .0 2 .9 8 .4 4. 2 1 .5 4 .2 5 .9 8 .7 4 .2 - 61. _ 11.6 11.6 1 4 .5 .4 3 .2 7. 1 5 .5 9 .7 3 .8 2.6 1.8 . 3 . _ .7 1.6 ( 2) . 2 1. 2 1.2 2 .7 2. 1 ( 2) 1. 1 .6 1.8 .4 . 3 (2) .9 .7 . 3 --------------- ------------------ ----------- 1 3 .6 8 .5 4. 1 .8 5 percent ___________________ — percent _____________ ______________ _____ ____ _ 15 percent ------------- - -------------------------------- .9 1 2 .7 - _ 3 .2 5. 3 .4 3 .7 " . 1 .6 6.1 1 1 .4 .6 1.2 . 3 . 3 (2) . 1 1. 1 Uniform percentage 10 F u ll d a y 's pay for reduced hours F u ll d a y 's pay for reduced hours plus cents d ifferen tial . . . — F u ll d a y 's pay for reduced hours plus percentage d ifferen tial — — ------ -— Other shift pay d ifferen tial --------- ------ - -------- No shift pay differen tial 1 - _ _ _ _ _ . _ __ 1 .7 1 4 .0 1.2 1.0 4. 7 Includes establish m en ts currently operating though they w ere not currently operating late sh ifts. * L e s s than 0. 05 percent. late sh ifts, 18. 6 .7 . 1 _ .5 . 1 and establish m en ts with fo r m a l provieioae cowering late shifts even 13 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women O ffice W orkers (D istrib u tion of esta b lish m en ts studied in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by m in im u m entrance sa of in exp erien ced w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s, P ortlan d , O r e g .—W a s h ., M ay I960) I n e x p e rie n ce d ty p is ts M in im u m w e e k l y s a l a r y 1 B a s e d on s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 3 o f — A ll in d u s t r ie s A ll s c h e d u le s E s t a b li s h m e n t s s t u d ie d — — ------------------------ E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m in i m u m __ $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 2 . 50 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 4 7 . 50 $ 5 0 . 00 $ 5 2 . 50 $ 5 5. 00 $ 5 7. 50 $ 6 0 . 00 $ 6 2 .5 0 $ 6 5 . 00 $ 6 7 . 50 $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 7 2 . 50 $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 7 7 . 50 and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and ----- _ __ ----- . . . u n d e r $ 4 2 . 50 __ ---------------------u n d e r $ 4 5 . 00 --------------------- — u n d e r $ 4 7 . 50 .......... .................................... u n d er $ 5 0 .0 0 ----_ __ — __ ----u n d e r $ 5 2 . 50 __ u n d e r $ 5 5 . 00 ------------------------- -------------------------------------u n d e r $ 5 7 . 50 __________________________________________ u n d er $ 6 0 .0 0 -----__ __ ----u n d e r $ 6 2 . 50 _____ u n d er $ 6 5 .0 0 -------- ----— _ u n d e r $ 6 7 . 50 _____ u n d er $ 7 0 .0 0 ___ _ _ ------- — u n d er $ 7 2 .5 0 __ — — — u n d e r $ 7 5 . 0 0 __________________________________________ u n d e r $ 7 7 . 50 __________________________________________ o v e r -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g n o s p e c i f i e d m in i m u m — ----- 40 A ll s c h e d u le s M a n u fa c t u r in g 40 A ll s c h e d u le s 40 A ll s c h e d u le s See note on p. 14, re la tiv e to the in clu sion of r a ilr o a d s . 40 63 XXX 88 XXX 151 63 XXX 88 XXX 62 24 23 38 35 72 28 27 44 39 ! _ _ 1 3 2 3 2 1 3 3 5 1 - - 1 3 3 3 6 2 2 _ 1 3 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 4 4 3 6 2 2 1 3 _ 5 7 5 10 4 2 3 3 2 6 6 3 4 6 3 5 1 3 3 4 2 3 1 1 1 - 3 3 4 3 4 1 3 2 4 2 3 1 1 1 - 39 21 50 18 - 2 2 - 4 4 1 3 4 4 1 3 3 5 9 6 10 2 3 8 4 3 5 3 1 5 5 XXX 18 XXX 39 20 XXX 19 XXX XXX 32 XXX 40 15 XXX 25 XXX - 3 - 5 1 3 3 4 1 * 5 - - 1 2 2 - 1 2 2 - - 4 1 L o w e st s a la r y rate fo r m a lly e sta b lish e d fo r h irin g in exp erien ced w o r k e r s fo r typing or other c le r ic a l jo b s . R a te s ap plicab le to m e s s e n g e r s , o ffic e g ir ls , o r s im ila r s u b c le ric a l jo b s are not c o n sid e r e d . H ou rs r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e their r eg u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s . Data a r e p resen ted fo r a ll w orkw eeks com b in ed, NOTE: N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g B a s e d o n sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u rs 3 o f— A ll 151 E s t a b li s h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p l o y w o r k e r s 1 * 3 O t h e r in e x p e r i e n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g M a n u fa c t u r in g 4 1 4 4 and fo r the m o s t c om m on w orkw eek rep o rted . 14 Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s 'b y s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , P o r t la n d , O r e g . —W a s h . , M a y I9 6 0 ) Manufacturing OFFICE WORKERS Public utilities2 Retail trade 100 100 100 100 ---- __ __ __ — — 35 h o urs ---- --------O ver 35 and under 37x/2 h o u r s __ __ -------371/2 h o u r s ___ ___ __ __ ___ „ — — O ver 371/2 and under 40 h o urs --------- __ __ __ 40 h o urs __ __ ______ ___ — _______ __ O ver 40 and under 44 h o u r s -------------- ------- ~ 44 h o u r8 _ 5 7 5 82 1 1 4 (4) 93 2 - 2 98 O v e r 4 4 h o u r s ------ ( 4) ( 4) W eekly hours All industries1 A ll w o r k e r s __________ ___________ ____ ____ 1 2 3 4 — __ _ ---- -------- - - PLANT WORKERS - Finance AH 3, industries 100 100 2 1 4 1 - - - - 95 5 (4) Manufacturing 95 (4) _ - 94 _ - I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v is i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: E s t i m a t e s f o r a l l i n d u s t r ie s a n d p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s in c lu d e d a ta f o r r a i l r o a d s (S IC 4 0 ) , o m it t e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f a l l l a b o r m a r k e t w a g e s u r v e y s m a d e b e f o r e th e w in t e r o f 1 9 5 9 - 6 0 . W h e r e s i g n if i c a n t , th e e f f e c t o f th e i n c l u s i o n o f r a i l r o a d s i s g r e a t e s t o n th e d a ta s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y f o r th e p u b lic u t i l i t i e s d i v i s i o n . Publicutilities2 Retail trade 100 100 _ _ _ _ _ _ 100 _ - 93 2 5 15 Table B-4. Paid Holidays ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r ie s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y n u m b e r o f p a id h o l id a y s p r o v i d e d a n n u a lly , P o r t la n d , O r e g . —W a s h . , M a y I9 6 0 ) O F FIC E W O R K E R S Item All . industries1 ------------------------------------------- ------- — A ll w ork ers — W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p roviding paid h olidays ____ ___ ________ . . . . . ______________ W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p roviding no paid holid ays --------------------------------------------------- — Manufacturing Public , utilities | Retail trade Finance I PLAN T WORKERS AU industries Manufacturing Public , utilities 2 Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 99 100 96 98 97 90 4 2 3 10 2 1 35 - . 25 - . 5 7 - 11 75 - 59 - 72 - 4 14 - 14 - ' ' (4 ) ” (4 ) . _ 48 1 4 - 39 - 71 N u m b e r off d a y s L e s s than 5 h olid ays -----------------------------------------------h olid ays . --------- — — — — — ------- — _ h olid ays -------------- --------------------- — _ . — — — h olidays p lus 1 h alf day --------------------------------------7 holid ays ------------- --------------- --------- --------------------7 holid ays p lus 1 h alf day - ——— — — -----7 h olid ays p lus 2 h alf days -------------------------------holid ays ------------------ ------------------------------- — — h olidays p lus h alf day ------ ------------------- — h olid ays __ ___ - ________ ___ - _______ - _- ________ h o lid a y . -------------------------------------------------------------- 5 6 6 8 8 9 12 1 (4 ) 33 (4 ) 48 (4 ) (4 ) 13 5 1 10 (4 ) (4 ) (4 ) - 1 24 - 1 92 7 - 46 (4 ) 11 - tim e 2 d ays d ays days d ays - - 5 12 days ------- — — — — ------------ — — --------9 or m o r e d ays ---------------- ------------------- -------8 V 2 or m o r e days ---------------------------------------------- 8 or m o r e d ays ----------------------------------------------------7 1/2 or m o r e d ays ------------------------------------------------7 or m o r e days -----------------------------------------------------6 V 2 or m o r e d ays --------------- ------------------------------6 or m o r e days -------------------------------- --------------------5 or m o r e 4 or m o r e 3 or m o r e or m o r e - “ ' T o ta l h o l i d a y 1 -------- ------------------------- — _______ ^___________ ____ ,_______ -------- --------- — — ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- (4 ) 1 _ (4 ) (4 ) 5 18 19 12 12 99 99 99 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 66 66 51 52 _ - - 24 25 96 96 99 99 99 99 99 _ - - 7 7 99 99 100 100 100 _ - - 12 12 58 58 92 94 95 95 96 _ - _ _ - - - 15 15 74 74 98 98 98 98 98 14 14 85 85 92 97 97 97 97 - 4 4 79 79 84 87 90 1 I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . 3 I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , an d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 4 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t , 5 A l l c o m b in a t i o n s o f f u l l a n d h a lf d a y s th a t a d d t o th e s a m e a m o u n t a r e c o m b in e d ; f o r e x a m p le , t h e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g a t o t a l o f 7 d a y s i n c lu d e s t h o s e w it h 7 f u l l d a y s and n o h a lf d a y s , 6 f u l l d a y s a n d 2 h a lf d a y s , 5 f u l l d a y s an d 4 h a lf d a y s , a n d s o o n . P r o p o r t i o n s w e r e t h e n c u m u la t e d . NOTE: S e e n o t e o n p . 1 4, r e l a t i v e t o th e i n c l u s i o n o f r a i l r o a d s . 16 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (P e r c e n t d istrib u tion of o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by vacatio n pay p r o v isio n s, P ortlan d , O r e g .—W ash . , M ay I960) OFFICE WORKERS V a c a t io n p o l i c y A l l w o r k e r s ______________ __ __________ PLANT WORKERS AU industries1 Manufacturing 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 100 100 100 - - - - 100 100 - 100 96 4 - 100 92 8 - 100 100 _ 100 100 _ _ ' ' ' ' ~ - ■ 2 40 3 1 2 33 11 3 _ 27 3 ■ 16 6 - 11 6 2 5 19 19 4 ■ 10 8 1 - ~ " - 38 59 ( 5) 2 1 34 58 8 66 31 3 85 15 - 84 1 13 ( 5) 2 86 1 10 3 - 75 _ 25 _ _ 93 11 9 75 2 2 1 10 4 78 8 10 29 58 23 77 - - - - 63 16 17 _ 3 “ 48 _ 52 _ _ 1 1 93 _ 5 84 2 4 23 70 _ 8 26 _ 74 _ _ PubHe, utilities* Retail trade AH industries 3 Finance Manufacturing Public utilities* Retail trade M e t h o d off p o y m w t W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id v a c a t i o n s ____________ _ ___ _____________ L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t _______ _____ _____ P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t -------- -------- -------------- „ O t h e r _________________ _________ __ __ _____ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g __ _ _____ n o p a id v a c a t i o n s ___________ _ A m o u n t off v o c a t i o n pa y4 A f t e r 6 m on th s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 1 w e e k ________________________________________ 1 w e e k _______________ __ ___ __ _______________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _________ _____________ 2 w e e k s _____________ __ __ _____________ _____ __ _ A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k __ ________________ __ ___ ______________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _________ __ _____ __ 2 w e e k s _____ _______________________________ _____ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------------------3 w e e k s ____________ _____________ ________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ________________ “ ~ - 7 _ _ - A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e l w e e k _______ _____ __ __ ____ ________ ___ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w e e k s ______________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____ _____ ___ 3 w e e k s _____ _____ _____________ _____ __ _ _ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____ - __ ----------- 56 9 33 ( 5) 2 3 41 _ 59 _ - A fte r 3 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ________________________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ___________________ 2 w e e k s __________________ __________________ _____ O ver a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ____ — __ _________ 3 w e e k s ______________ „_,__,___________________ ___ __ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ____ __ ----- ---- 2 See footnotes at end of table, 3 1 3 _ 97 1 99 - - - - 3 I | 7 14 77 (* ) 2 3 4 _ 96 _ 17 Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued (P erc en t d istrib u tion of o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by vacatio n pay p r o v is io n s , P ortland , O r e g .—W a s h ., M ay I960) PLANT WORKERS O F FIC E W O RK ER S V a c a t io n p o l i c y Public , utilities 2 an Manufacturing (5 ) 94 3 2 1 89 3 8 97 - 3 industries1 Retail trade Finance All , industries Manufacturing Public , utilities2 Retail trade Amount of vocation p a y 4— Continued A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ____________________________________________ 2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------------------------- -------- ------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------------------------------- _ _ - 1 97 1 (* ) 96 1 2 - - 1 76 23 (* ) 49 6 45 _ _ 95 1 4 100 _ - 2 96 _ 2 - - A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k ------------------------- --------------------------- -----------2 w eeks ------------------------------- — — ------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------3 w p p Its ........... . _ ...... O v e r 3 an d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ------ __ __ _____ _ (* ) 57 2 40 1 47 6 47 " (S) 15 84 1 27 73 - _ 70 (* ) 27 3 _ _ - 41 8 51 ~ 78 3 19 - 1 17 81 - (*> 18 81 1 _ _ 14 84 1 (* ) 99 - (* ) 16 77 1 (* ) 82 6 12 86 1 1 (8 ) 16 12 64 5 (* ) 82 19 18 2 49 49 “ A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k ------------------2 w e e k s ___________ 3 w e e k s ---------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 ------------------------------------__________________________ -------------- ------------------------------w eeks ------------------------------- _ _ 2 96 3 2 26 72 - A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------------------------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------------------------------- -------------- -------O v e r 3 an d u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------------------------------4 w e e k s __________________________ ________________ (5 ) 14 73 1 13 _ _ 22 73 2 70 1 17 77 25 4 _ 5 3 - _ 2 26 64 _ _ 18 9 A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w p p |t 2 w e e k s ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------- „ 3 w e e k s ---------------------------- — ~ — O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ------------------- -------4 w e e k s --------------------------------------- — -------------- — 1 2 3 4 s e r v ic e 1 of (» ) 13 59 1 26 _ 20 60 3 17 _ 1 17 2 69 43 63 - 27 38 3 18 3 In cludes data fo r w h o lesa le tr a d e ; finance, in su ran ce , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . T r an sp ortation , com m u nication, and other p ublic u tilit ie s . In cludes data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e r e a r b itr a r ily ch osen and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the individual p r o v isio n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r ex a m p le, include changes in p r o v isio n s oc cu r r in g betw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . L e s s than 0 . 5 p e r c e n t. _ _ _ _ 20 the changes in p rop ortion s in dicated at 10 y e a r s ' N O T E : See note on p . 1 4 , re la tiv e to the in clu sion of r a ilr o a d s . In the tabulation o f vacatio n allo w a n c es by y e a r s o f s e r v ic e , p aym en ts other than "le n g th o f tim e , " ea rn in g s or fla t -s u m p ay m e n ts, w e r e converted to an equivalent t im e b a s is ; fo r ex a m p le, a paym ent o f p ercen t o f annual ea rn in g s w as con sid ere d a s w e e k 's p ay. 2 2 26 53 1 such as p ercen tage 18 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P ercen t of office and plant w ork ers in a ll in d u stries and in in dustry d iv isio n s em ployed in estab lish m en ts providing health, in su ra n ce, or pen sion b en efits, P ortland, O reg .—W ash ., .May I960) OFFICE WORKERS Type of benefit A ll w o r k e r s ________ ____ ______ ___ W orkers in estab lish m en ts providing: L ife in su ran ce ___ ___ ___ ____ __ A ccid en tal death and d ism em b erm en t in su ran ce _ __ ---- ---- ------- __ ____ S ick n ess and acciden t in su ran ce or sic k lea v e or b oth 4 __ __ ___ __ __ S ick n ess and acciden t in s u r a n c e ____ __ Sick lea v e (full pay and no w aiting p e r io d )____ ____ ______ __ Sick lea v e (p artial pay or w aiting period) __________ ______ „ __ H osp italization in su r a n c e ___________________ Su rgical in su r a n c e --------- __ ------- _ __ — M edical in su rance __________________________ C atastrophe in su r a n c e ---------------------------------R etirem en t p e n sio n ________________ __________ No health, in su ra n ce, or pen sion p la n ____ PLANT WORKERS AU industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 85 87 61 74 76 90 52 54 46 62 29 63 58 75 26 43 72 78 81 73 83 88 70 74 38 56 16 41 71 82 38 61 44 47 33 6 4 2 38 14 1 12 14 10 22 16 30 15 85 85 80 40 72 85 85 80 73 73 73 55 62 77 77 47 54 54 89 89 81 91 91 83 54 3 53 3 81 81 81 43 71 90 90 71 56 44 5 2 21 6 71 Finance AU industries 3 22 Manufacturing 8 PubUc utilities2 Retail trade 100 1 Includes data for w h o lesale trade; finance, in su ra n ce, and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . 2 T ransportation, com m un ication , and other public u tilitie s. 3 Includes data for w h o lesale trad e, rea l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep arately. 4 U nduplicated total of w ork ers r eceiv in g sic k lea v e or sic k n e ss and accid en t in su ra n ce shown sep a ra tely below . S ick -le a v e plans a re lim ite d to th ose w hich d efin itely e sta b lish at le a st the m inim um num ber of d a y s1 pay that can be exp ected by each em p loyee. Inform al s ic k -le a v e allo w an ces determ ined on an individual b a sis a re exclud ed. NOTE: See note on p. 14, rela tiv e to the in clu sion of r a ilro a d s. 19 Appendix: Occupational Doscriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O FFIC E BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Biller, machine (hilling machine)— Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done oh a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) — Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. Class A — Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B — Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A — Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 20 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued CLERK, PAYROLL payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, ad justing and closing journal entries; may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B — Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accountingwork is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distribut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. CLERK, FILE Class A DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Class B Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. — In an established filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes corres pondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the files. May per form incidental clerical duties. — Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been classified or which is easily identifiable, or locates or assists in locating material in files. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. any combination of the following: KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. 21 SECRETARY TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in or der, keep simple records, etc. (see transcribing-machine operator). Does not include transcribing-machine work STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to per sons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this workers time while at switchboard. Class A — Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Does not include Class B — Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter,,reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C— Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. 22 TYPIST—-Continued TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A— or one or more of the following: Performs Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc- PRO FESSIO NAL Class B one or more of the following: — Performs Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May assist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. a combination of the following: DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees' injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. tion of the following: a combiner TRACER Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Duties involve Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. a combination of the following: Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 23 MAINTENANCE D POW ERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials nec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. most of the following: ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. most of the following: ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May supervise these operations. also Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. most of the following: MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and parts of the following: laying out 24 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued MILLWRIGHT— Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience* are required. Work involves Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. most of the following: MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective^ parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose involve setting up or adjusting machines. most of the following: primary duties MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout most of the following: OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates Walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. involves the following: PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications* , In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. most of the following: Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. 25 TOOL AND DIE MAKER PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. most of the following: (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. most of the following: For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND M ATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve Sweeping, mopping scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte* nance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD or a combination of the following: Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve W Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or one or more of the follow- 26 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d ev ices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; tran s porting m aterials or m erchandise by hand truck, car, or w heelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; w arehouse stockm an) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored m erchandise in accordance with sp ecificatio n s on sa le s sH ps, custom ers' orders, or other instru ctio n s. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating item s filled or om itted, keep records of outgoing orders, req u isi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related du ties. PACKER, SHIPPING P repares finished products for shipm ent or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being dependent upon the type, siz e, and number of units to be packed, the type of container em ployed, and method of shipm ent. Work requires the placing of item s in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various item s of stock in order to verify content; selectio n of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent breakage or dam age; closing and sealin g container; applying lab els or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK P repares m erchandise for shipm ent, or receiv es and is respon sib le for incom ing shipm ents of m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, p ractices, routes, available m eans of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up b ills of lading, posting w eight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a s s is t in preparing the m erchandise for shipm ent. Receiving work involves: V eri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipm ents ag ain st b ills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper de partm ents; m aintaining necessary records and file s. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are c lassified as follow s: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER D rives a truck within a city or in d u strial area to transport ma terials, m erchandise, equipm ent, or men betw een various fypes'of e sta b lishm ents such a s: M anufacturing p lants, freight depots, w arehouses, w holesale and re ta il estab lish m en ts, or between retail establishm ents and custom ers' houses or places of b u sin ess. May also load or unload truck with or w ithout h elpers, make minor m echanical rep airs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are c lassified by size and type of equipm ent, as follow s: (T ractor-trailer should be rated on the b asis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under ly2 tons ) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, he airy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER O perates a manually controlled g aso lin e- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, or other establishm ent. For wage study purposes, workers are c lassified by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN M akes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property ag ain st fire, theft, and illeg al entry. * U.S. GOVERNMENT PRIN TING OFFICE : I8 6 0 0 — 558477 O ccupational Wage Surveys O ccupational wage surveys are being conducted in 60 major labor m arkets during late 1959 and early I960. T hese b u lletin s, when av ailable, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D .C., or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. A summary bulletin containing data for all labor m arkets, combined with additional an aly sis, w ill be issu ed early in 1961. B ulletins for the areas listed below are now available. Allentown—Bethlehem —E aston, P a .—N .J., March I960— BLS Bull. 1265-33, price 25 cents Baltim ore, Md., September 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-7, price 15 cents Birmingham, Ala., March I960—BLS Bull. 1265-37, price 25 cents Boston, M ass., October 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-8, price 25 cents Buffalo, N.Y., October 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-4, price 20 cents Canton, Ohio, December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-10, price 25 cents C incinnati, Ohio—Ky., February I960—BLS Bull. 1265-31, price 25 cents C leveland, Ohio, September 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-1, price 20 cents D allas, T ex., October 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-3, price 20 cents Dayton, Ohio, December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-9, price 25 cents Denver, Colo., December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-11, price 25 cents Des Moines, Iowa, February I960—BLS Bull. 1265-30, price 25 cents D etroit, Mich., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-25, price 20 cents Fort Worth, T ex., November 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-13, price 25 cents Indianapolis, Ind., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-22, price 25 cents Jackson, M iss., February I960—BLS Bull. 1265-26, price 25 cents Jacksonville, F la., December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-14, price 25 cents K ansas City, Mo.—K ans., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-23, price 25 cents Los A ngeles—Long Beach, C alif., April I960—BLS Bull. 1265-35, price 25 cents Memphis, Tenn., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-19, price 25 cents Miami, F la ., December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-6, price 20 cen ts M inneapolis—St. Paul, Minn., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-21, price 25 cents Newark and Jersey City, N .J., February I960—BLS Bull. 1265-28, price 25 cents New O rleans, L a., February I960—BLS Bull. 1265-32, price 25 cents P hiladelphia, P a., November 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-16, price 25 cents Pittsburgh, P a., December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-20, price 25 cents Portland, Maine, November 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-12, price 20 cents Providence, R .I., March I960—BLS Bull. 1265-34, price 25 cents Richmond, V a., February I960—BLS Bull. 1265-24, price 25 cents St. L ouis, Mo., October 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-5, price 25 cents San Bernardino—R iverside—O ntario, C alif., November 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-15, price 25 cents San F ran cisco —Oakland, C alif., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-17, price 25 cents Seattle, Wash., August 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-2, price 25 cents Sioux F a lls, S. Dak., February I960—BLS Bull. 1265-29, price 2 0 cents South Bend, Ind., April I960—BLS Bull. 1265-38, price 25 cen ts W ashington, D .C .—Md.—V a., December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-18 price 25 cents Waterbury, Conn., March I960—BLS Bull. 1265-36, price 25 cents York, P a ., February I960—BLS Bull. 1265-27, price 25 cents
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