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Occupational Wage Survey NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA MARCH 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-48 UNITED S T A T E S D EPA R TM EN T O F LA BO R Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ewcmi Clague, Commtoiofier Occupational Wage Survey NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA MARCH 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-48 May 1961 UN ITED ST A T ES D EPA R TM EN T O F LA BO R Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents Contents Preface Page The Community Wage Survey Program Introduction---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Wage trends for selected occupational groups_________________________ The Bureau of Labor Statistics regularly conducts areawide wage surveys in a number of important industrial centers. The studies, made from late fall to early spring, relate to occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. A preliminary report is available on completion of the study in each area, usually in the month following the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the earlier report. A consolidated analytical bulletin summarizing the results of all of the year's surveys is issued after completion of the final area bulletin for the current round of surveys. Tables: This report was prepared in the Bureau's regional office in Atlanta, Ga. , by Donald M. Cruse, under the direction of Louis B. Woytych, Assistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. 1. 2. 1 4 Establishments and workers within scope of survey-----------------Percents of increase in standard weekly salaries and straighttime hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, for selected periods ----------------------------------------------------------------A: Occupational earnings: * A - 1. Office occupations _________________________________________ A -2 . Professional and technical occupations __________________ A - 3. Maintenance and powerplant occupations ________________ A -4 . Custodial and material movement occupations___________ 5 8 9 10 B: Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions: B- 1. Shift differentials_________________________________________B -2. Minimum entrance salaries for women office workers _— B-3 . Scheduled weekly h ou rs___________________________________ B -4 . Paid holidays ______________________________________________ B - 5. Paid vacations_____________________________________________ B -6. Health, insurance, and pension plans ____________________ 12 13 14 15 16 18 Appendix: Occupational descriptions __________________________________ * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available in the New Orleans area reports for December 1951, November 1953, November 1955, and February of 1958, 1959, and I960. The 195 9 report was limited to occupational earnings. A directory indicating date of study and the price of the re ports, as well as reports for other major areas, is availa ble upon request. Current reports on occupational earnings and sup plementary wage practices in the New Orleans area are also available for banking (May I960), hotels (June I960), and power laundries and dry cleaners (June I960). Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels, are also availa ble for the following trades or industries: Building con struction, printing, local-transit operating employees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. iii 3 3 19 Occupational Wage Survey—New Orleans, La. Introduction This a r e a is one o f s e v e r a l im p ortan t in d u stria l ce n te rs in w h ich the U. S. D ep artm en t o f L a b o r 's B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistics has con d u cted su r v e y s o f o ccu p a tio n a l earn in g s and rela ted w age b en efits on an a re a w id e b a s i s . In this a r e a , data w e re o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u reau fie ld e c o n o m is ts to r e p re s e n ta tiv e esta b lish m en ts w ithin six b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M an ufacturin g; tra n sp o rta tio n , 1 c o m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le sa le trad e; r e ta il tra d e; fin a n ce , in s u r a n ce , and r e a l e sta te; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r in d u stry g rou p s ex clu d e d fr o m th ese stu d ies a r e g ov e rn m e n t op era tion s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u str ie s . E sta b lish m en ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m ber o f w o r k e r s a r e om itted a ls o b e c a u s e they fu rn ish in s u ffic ie n t em p loy m en t in the occu p a tion s studied to w a r rant in clu s io n . W h e re v e r p o s s ib le , sep a ra te tabu lation s a r e p ro v id e d fo r ea ch o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s . T h ese su r v e y s a r e con du cted on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v olv ed in su rv e y in g a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts. To obtain a p p ro p r ia te a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g re a te r p r o p o r t io n of la rg e than o f s m a ll esta b lis h m e n ts is stu d ied. In com b in in g the data, h ow e v e r , a ll esta b lis h m e n ts a r e given th eir a p p ro p ria te w eigh t. E stim a tes b a s e d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts studied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as r e lating to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u stry g rou pin g and a r e a , e x cep t fo r th ose b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e studied. O ccu p ation s and E a rn in gs The occu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a re c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n on m an u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s . O ccu p ation a l c l a s s ific a tio n is b a se d on a u n ifo rm set o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d esign ed to take a ccou n t o f in te re sta b lish m e n t v a ria tio n in duties w ithin the sa m e jo b . (See ap pendix fo r lis tin g o f th ese d e s c r ip tio n s . ) E a rn in gs data a r e p r e se n te d (in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s ) fo r the fo llo w in g types of o c c u p a tio n s : (a) O ffice c le r i c a l; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te ch n ica l; (c ) m a in te n an ce and pow erp lan t; and (d) c u s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m ov em en t. O ccu p ation a l e m p loy m en t and earn in g s data a r e show n fo r fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th ose h ire d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d u le in the given o ccu p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n . E a rn in gs data ex clu d e p rem iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and 1 R a ilr o a d s , fo r m e r l y e x clu d ed fr o m the s c o p e o f th ese stu d ie s, w e r e in clu ded in a ll of the a r e a s studied sin c e July 1959, e x ce p t B a lti m o r e (S ep tem b er 1959 and D e c e m b e r I9 6 0 ), B u ffalo (O cto b e r 1959 C levela n d (S ep tem b er 1959), and Seattle (A ugust 1959). late sh ifts. N on produ ction b on u ses a re ex clu d ed a ls o , but c o s t - o f liv in g b on u ses and in cen tive earn in g s a r e in clu d ed . W here w eek ly h ou rs a r e r e p o r te d , as fo r o ffic e c le r i c a l o c cu p a tio n s, r e fe r e n c e is to the w o rk sch ed u les (rounded to the n e a r e s t h alf h ou r) fo r w hich str a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s a re paid; a v e r a g e w eek ly earn in gs fo r these o ccu p a tion s have b een rounded to the n e a r e s t h alf d o lla r . A v e ra g e earn in gs of m en and w om en a r e p re se n te d se p a r a te ly fo r s e le c t e d occu p a tion s in w h ich both s e x e s a r e c o m m o n ly e m p loy ed . D iffe r e n c e s in pay le v e ls o f m en and w om en in th ese occu p a tion s a re la r g e ly due to ( l ) d iffe r e n c e s in the d istrib u tion of the s e x e s am ong in d u stries and e sta b lis h m e n ts; (2) d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c ific duties p e r fo r m e d , although the o ccu p a tion s a r e a p p ro p r ia te ly c la s s ifie d w ithin the sa m e su r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n ; and (3) d iffe r e n c e s in length of s e r v ic e o r m e r it r e v ie w when in dividu al s a la r ie s a r e ad ju sted on this b a s is . L on g er a v e ra g e s e r v ic e o f m en w ould r e s u lt in h igh er a v e ra g e pay when both se x e s a re em p loyed w ithin the sa m e rate ran ge. Job d e s c r ip tio n s u sed in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese su rv ey s a r e u su a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th ose u sed in in dividu al esta b lish m en ts to a llow f o r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong esta b lish m en ts in s p e c ific duties p e r fo r m e d . O ccu p ation a l em p loy m en t estim a tes r e p r e s e n t the total in a il esta b lish m en ts w ithin the s c o p e o f the study and not the n u m ber a ctu a lly s u rv e y e d . B eca u se of d iffe r e n c e s in occu p a tion a l s tru ctu re am ong e sta b lis h m e n ts, the e stim a tes of o ccu p a tion a l em p loym en t obtained fr o m the sa m p le o f esta b lish m en ts studied s e r v e on ly to in dicate the r e la tiv e im p o rta n ce of the jo b s studied. T h ese d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tion al s tru ctu re do n ot m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n ings data. E sta b lish m en t P r a c t ic e s and S u pplem en tary W age P r o v is io n s In form ation is p resen ted a ls o (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c te d esta b lish m en t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits as they r e late to o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s . The term " o f f i c e w o r k e r s , " as u sed in this b u lle tin , in clu d es w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c le r i c a l or rela ted fu n ction s, and e x clu d e s ad m in is tr a tiv e , e x e cu tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l p e r s o n n e l. "P la n t w o r k e r s " in clude w ork in g fo r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in cluding le a d m en and tr a in e e s ) engaged in n o n o ffic e fu n ction s. A d m in istra tiv e , e x e cu tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and fo r c e -a c c o u n t con s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s who a re u tiliz e d as a sep a ra te w o rk fo r c e a re ex clu d ed . C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and rou tem en a r e ex clu d ed in m a n u factu rin g in du s t r ie s , but a r e in clu ded as plant w o r k e r s in n onm an ufacturin g in d u strie s . 2 Shift d iffe r e n tia l data (table B - l ) a re lim ite d to m anu factu ring in d u str ie s . This in form a tion is p r e se n te d both in te r m s o f (a) e s t a b lish m en t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f total plant w o r k e r e m p lo y m en t, and (b) e ffe c tiv e p r a c t ic e , p r e se n te d on the b a s is o f w o rk e r s a ctu a lly e m p loy ed on the s p e c ifie d sh ift at the tim e o f the su rv ey . In esta b lish m en ts having v a r ie d d iffe r e n tia ls , the am ount applying to a m a jo r ity was u sed o r , if no am ount ap plied to a m a jo r ity , the c l a s s ific a tio n " o t h e r " was u sed. In esta b lish m en ts in w hich so m e la t e sh ift h ou rs a re p a id at n o rm a l r a te s , a d iffe r e n tia l was r e c o r d e d on ly if it ap plied to a m a jo r ity o f the sh ift h ou rs. M inim um en tran ce rates (table B -2 ) re la te on ly to the e s t a b lish m en ts v is ite d . Th ey a re p r e se n te d on an esta b lish m en t, rath er than on an em p loym en t b a s is . P a id h o lid a y s ; pa id v a c a tio n s ; and health, in su ra n ce, and p en sion plans a re trea ted s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a sis that th ese a re a p p lica b le to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o rk e r s if a m a jo r it y o f su ch w o rk e r s a re e lig ib le o r m a y even tu ally qu alify f o r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d . Sch eduled h ou rs a re tre a te d s ta tis tic a lly on the b a sis that th ese a re a p p lica b le to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o rk e r s if a m a jo r ity a re c o v e r e d . 3 B e ca u se o f rounding, su m s o f in dividu al item s in th ese tabulations m a y not equal tota ls. The fir s t p a rt o f the paid h olid a ys table p r e s e n ts the n u m b e r o f w hole and h a lf h olid a ys a ctu a lly p r o v id e d . The s e c o n d p a rt com b in es w hole and h a lf h olid a ys to show total h olid a y t im e . Data a r e p r e s e n te d f o r a ll health, in su r a n ce , and p en sion plans fo r w hich at le a s t a p a rt o f the c o s t is b orn e by the e m p lo y e r , ex cep tin g on ly le g a l re q u ire m e n ts su ch as w o rk m e n 's com p en sa tion , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. Such plans in clu d e th ose u n d erw ritten by a c o m m e r c ia l in su ra n ce com p a n y and th ose p r o v id e d through a union fund o r p a id d ir e c t ly b y the e m p lo y e r out o f c u r re n t op era tin g funds o r fr o m a fund se t a sid e f o r this p u rp o s e . D eath b en efits a r e in clu d ed as a fo r m o f life in su ra n ce . S ick n e ss and a ccid e n t in su ra n ce is lim ite d to that type o f in su ra n ce u nder w hich p r e d e te r m in e d ca sh paym en ts a r e m a de d ir e c t ly to the in su red on a w eek ly o r m on th ly b a sis du ring illn e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ility . In form a tion is p r e se n te d f o r a ll su ch plans to w hich the e m p lo y e r co n trib u te s. H ow ev er, in New Y o rk and N ew J e r s e y , w hich have en acted te m p o r a r y d is a b ility in su ra n ce law s w hich r e q u ire e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s ,4 plans a r e in clu d ed on ly i f the e m p lo y e r (1) c o n trib u tes m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ire d , o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p loy ee w ith b en efits w hich e x c e e d the re q u ire m e n ts o f the law . T abulations o f p a id s ic k -le a v e plans a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l plans 5 w hich p r o v id e fu ll pa y o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r 's pay du ring a b se n ce fr o m w ork b e c a u s e o f illn e s s . S ep arate tabu lation s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to (1) plans w hich p r o v id e fu ll pa y and no w aiting p e r io d , and (2) plans p r o v id in g eith er p a rtia l pay o r a w aiting p e r io d . In addition to the p re se n ta tio n o f the p r o p o r tio n s o f w o rk e r s who a r e p r o v id e d s ick n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce o r p a id s ic k le a v e , an u nduplicated total is show n o f w o rk e r s who r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both types o f b e n e fits. The su m m a ry o f v a ca tion plans is lim ite d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m en ts, exclu din g in fo rm a l plans w h e re b y tim e o ff w ith pa y is granted at the d is c r e tio n o f the e m p lo y e r . S ep arate e stim a te s a re p r o v id e d a c c o rd in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in com pu tin g v a ca tion p a ym en ts, such as tim e pa ym en ts, p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in g s, o r fla t-s u m am oun ts. H ow ever, in the tabulations o f v a ca tion a llo w a n ce s , paym en ts not on a tim e b a sis w e re c o n v e rte d ; fo r e x a m p le, a paym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual earn ings was c o n s id e r e d as the equ ivalen t o f 1 w e e k 's pay. C atastroph e in su ra n ce , s o m e tim e s r e fe r r e d to as exten ded m e d ic a l in su ra n ce , in clu d es th ose plans w hich a re d esig n ed to p r o te c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s ic k n e s s and in ju ry in volvin g ex p en ses beyon d the n o rm a l c o v e r a g e o f h o sp ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s. M e d ica l in su ra n ce r e fe r s to plan s p r o v id in g f o r co m p le te o r p a rtia l paym en t o f d octors* fe e s . Such plans m a y be u n d erw ritten by c o m m e r c ia l in su ra n ce com p a n ies o r n on p rofit o rg a n iz a tio n s o r th ey m a y be s e lf-in s u r e d . Tabu lations o f r e tir e m e n t p e n sio n plans a re lim ite d to th ose plans that p r o v id e m on th ly pa ym en ts f o r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o r k e r 's life . 2 An esta b lish m en t was c o n s id e r e d as having a p o lic y if it m et eith er o f the follow in g con d ition s; (1) O p era ted late sh ifts at the tim e o f the su rv e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g late sh ifts. 3 Sch eduled w eek ly h ou rs f o r o ffic e w o rk e r s (fir s t s e c tio n o f table B -3 ) in su rv e y s m ade p r io r to July 1957 w e re p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f the p r o p o r tio n o f w om en o ffic e w o rk e r s e m p lo y e d in o ffic e s w ith the in d icated w eek ly h ou rs f o r w om en w o r k e r s . 4 The te m p o r a r y d is a b ility law s in C a lifo r n ia and R hode Islan d do not re q u ire e m p lo y e r co n trib u tio n s. 5 An e sta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d as having a fo r m a l plan i f it e sta b lis h e d at le a s t the m in im u m n u m ber o f days o f s ic k le a v e that cou ld be e x p e cte d by ea ch e m p lo y e e . Such a plan n eed not be w ritten , but in fo rm a l s ic k -le a v e a llo w a n ce s , d e te rm in e d on an in dividu al b a s is , w e re e x clu d ed . 3 Table 1. E sta b lish m e n ts and w o r k e r s within scope of su rve y and num ber studied in New O r le a n s, L a . , 1 by m a jo r in du stry d iv isio n , 2 M a rc h 1961 Industry d ivision A ll d ivision s M anufacturing M in im um em ploym en t in e s ta b lis h m en ts in scope of study N u m ber of estab lish m en ts Within scope of study 3 W o r k e r s in esta b lish m en ts W ithin scope of study T o t a l4 _______________________________________________________ 50 613 180 115, 900 _____________________________________________________ 50 50 155 458 54 126 36, 900 7 9 , 000 50 50 50 50 50 97 119 120 62 60 34 22 33 17 20 2 7 ,4 0 0 1 1 ,3 0 0 2 3 ,2 0 0 8, 100 9, 000 T ran sp ortation , com m u nication, and other public u t ilit ie s 5 ______________________________________ W h o lesa le trade _______________________________________________ R etail trade ____________________________________________________ F in an ce, in su ran ce , and re a l estate --------------------------------S e r v ic e s 7 _______________________________________________________ Studied Studied O ffice Plant T otal 4 1 7 ,5 0 0 7 1 ,9 0 0 6 7 ,5 4 0 2, 900 14, anufacturing 600 Nonm 20, 970 4 2 , 800 ------------------------------------------------------------------------4 6 , 570 2 9 , 1 0 0 4 , 100 10, 300 ( 6) 2, 200 ( 6) 1 8 ,4 0 0 ( 6) ( 6) 20, 400 3, 160 1 3 ,9 4 0 4, 010 5, 060 (!) 1 The New O rlean s Standard M etrop olitan S ta tistica l A r e a (J e ffe r so n , O r le a n s, and St. B ern ard P a r is h e s ). The "w o r k e r s within scope o f stu d y " e stim a te s shown in this table p rovide a rea so n a b ly accu rate d esc rip tio n of the siz e and com p o sitio n of the lab or fo r c e included an the su rv e y . The e stim a te s a r e not intended, h ow ever, to se r v e as a b a sis of c o m p a r iso n with other a r e a em ploym en t in dexes to m e a su r e em ploym en t trends or le v e ls sin ce (1) planning of w age su rv e y s req u ir e s the u se of estab lish m en t data c om p iled c o n sid e r a b ly in advance o f the p ayroll p eriod studied, and (2) sm a ll esta b lish m en ts a re excluded fr o m the scope o f the su rve y. 2 The 1957 r e v ise d edition of the Standard In dustrial C la ssific a tio n Manual w as u sed in c la ssify in g esta b lish m en ts by in du stry d iv isio n . M a jo r changes fr o m the e a r lie r edition (used in the B u reau ’ s la b o r m ark et w age su rve ys conducted p rior to July 1958) are the tra n sfe r of m ilk p a ste u rization plants and r e a d y -m ix e d con crete esta b lish m en ts fr o m trade (w h olesale or retail) to m an ufacturin g, and the tr a n sfe r of radio and te le v isio n b road castin g fr o m s e r v ic e s to the tra n sp ortation , com m u nication, and other public u tilitie s d iv isio n . 3 Includes a ll esta b lish m en ts with total em ploym en t at or above the m in im u m -s iz e lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (within the area) of com p an ies in such in d u strie s as tra d e , fin a n ce, auto rep air s e r v ic e , and m o tio n -p ictu r e th e a te rs a re con sid ere d as 1 esta b lish m en t. 4 Includes ex ecu tive, p r o fe ssio n a l, and other w o rk ers excluded fr o m the sep arate office and plant c a te g o r ie s . 5 T axicab s and s e r v ic e s in cid en tal to w ater tran sp ortation w ere exclu ded. 6 This in du stry d ivision is r ep rese n ted in e stim a te s for " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n on m an u factu rin g" in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s. Sep arate p r esen tation of data fo r this d ivision is not m ade for one or m o r e of the follow in g r e a so n s: (1) E m p loym ent in the d ivision is too sm a ll to provide enough data to m e r it sep arate study, (2) the sam p le w as not design ed in itia lly to p erm it sep arate p resen tation , (3) r esp o n se w as in su fficie n t or inadequate to p e r m it sep arate p resen tation , (4) there is p o s sib ility of d is c lo s u r e of individual esta b lish m en t data. 7 H otels; p erso n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u sin ess s e r v ic e s ; autom obile rep a ir shops; m otion p ictu re s; nonprofit m e m b e r sh ip org a n iza tio n s; and en gin eerin g and a rc h itec tu ra l s e r v ic e s . T ab le 2 . P e r c e n ts of in c r e a se in standard w eekly s a la r ie s and stra ig h t-tim e h ourly ea rn in g s fo r selec te d occu pation al groups in New O r le a n s, L a . , for selec te d p eriod s P erc en t in c r e a s e s fr o m — Industry and occu pation al group A ll in d u strie s: __ __ __ __ __ __ __ O ffice c le r ic a l (w om en) _________ In d ustrial n u r se s (w om en) __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ Skilled m aintenance (m en) — __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ U n sk illed plant (m en) _____ __ __ __ __ __ _________ M anufacturing: O ffice c le r ic a l (w om en) __ _ _ _ _ In d ustrial n u r se s (w om en) _____ S killed m aintenance (m en) __ U n sk illed plant ( m e n ) ______ __ _ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _____ __ __ __ __ _____ __ F e b ru a ry I9 6 0 to M a rc h 1961 F e b ru a ry 1959 to F e b ru a ry I9 60 F e b r u a r y 1958 to F e b r u a r y 1959 N ove m b er 1955 to F e b ru a ry 1958 N ove m b er 1953 to N o v e m b er 1955 3. 5 9 .9 5. 6 3 .5 2. 1 7. 1 .9 '.1 2 .7 5. 6 5 .2 4 .2 1 3 .4 13. 5 1 5 .2 18. 1 8. 8. 9. 6. 0 5 0 0 1 0 .2 23. 8 21. 8 1 0 .7 3. 5 12. 0 5 .2 7 .9 5. 0 9 .8 1 .7 6 .6 1. 4 4. 8 6. 1 4 .6 1 2 .4 16. 1 1 6 .4 1 5 .2 8. 1 8. 3 7. 6 8 .7 1 1 .4 2 5 .7 2 2 .2 4 .7 D e c e m b e r 1951 to N o v e m b e r 1953 1 In c r e a s e s for this group in m anufacturing in d u strie s w ere o ffse t by a d ecline in nonm anufacturing in d u str ie s; the d ecline in the latte r group la r g e ly r e fle c t s sh ifts in em p loym en ts in this jo b group betw een h igh - and lo w -r a t e e sta b lish m e n ts rather than wage d e c r e a s e s . 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n te d in ta ble 2 a r e p e r ce n ts o f change in s a la r ie s o f w om en o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o rk e r s and in d u stria l n u r s e s , and in a v era g e ea rn in gs o f s e le c t e d plant w o r k e r g rou p s. F o r o ffic e c le r i c a l w o rk e r s and in d u stria l n u r s e s , the p e r cen ts o f change re la te to a v e ra g e w eek ly s a la r ie s f o r n o rm a l h ou rs o f w ork , that is , the stan dard w ork sch ed u le f o r w hich str a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s a re p a id. F o r plant w o r k e r g ro u p s, they m e a s u re changes in str a ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s, ex clu d in g p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eek en ds, h o lid a y s , and late sh ifts. The p e r cen ta g es a r e b a s e d on data fo r s e le c t e d k ey o ccu p a tio n s and in clu de m o s t o f the n u m e r ic a lly im p ortan t jo b s w ithin ea ch grou p . The o f f ic e c le r i c a l data a r e b a sed on w om en in the follow in g 18 jo b s : B ille r s , m a ch in e (b illin g m a ch in e); b o o k k e e p in g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and B ; C om p tom eter o p e r a t o r s ; c le r k s , file , c la s s A and B ; c le r k s , o r d e r ; c le r k s , p a y r o ll; keypunch o p e r a t o r s ; o ffic e g ir l s ; s e c r e t a r ie s ; ste n o g r a p h e rs , g e n e r a l; sw itch b oa rd o p e r a t o r s ; sw itch b oa rd o p e r a t o r r e c e p t io n is t s ; ta b u la tin g-m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s ; tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s , g e n e ra l; and ty p is ts , c la s s A and B. The in d u stria l n u rse data a re b a se d on w om en in d u stria l n u r s e s . M en in the follow in g 10 s k ille d m ain ten an ce jo b s and 3 u n sk illed jo b s w e re in clu d ed in the plant w o r k e r data: S killed— c a r p e n te r s ; e le c t r ic ia n s ; m a ch in is ts ; m e ch a n ics ; m e c h a n ics , a u tom otiv e; m illw rig h ts ; p a in te rs ; p ip e fitte r s ; sh e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r s ; and to o l and d ie m a k e r s ; u n sk illed — ja n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ; la b o r e r s , m a te r ia l handling; and w atchm en. A v e ra g e w eek ly s a la r ie s o r a v e ra g e h o u rly ea rn in g s w ere com pu ted f o r ea ch o f the s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n s. The a v e ra g e s a l a r ie s o r h o u rly ea rn in gs w e re then m u ltip lie d by the a v e ra g e e m p lo y m en t in the jo b during the m onths in d ica ted in the title o f table 2. T h e se w eigh ted earn in g s f o r in dividu al occu p a tio n s w e re then tota led to obtain an a g g reg a te f o r e a ch o ccu p a tio n a l g rou p. F in a lly , the ra tio o f th ese grou p a g g re g a te s fo r the one y e a r to the a g g reg a te fo r the o th e r y e a r w as com pu ted and the d iffe r e n c e b etw een the re s u lt and 100 is the p e r c e n t o f change fr o m the one p e r io d to the o th er. The p e r c e n t o f change m e a s u r e s , p r in c ip a lly , the e ffe c ts o f (1) g e n e r a l s a la r y and w age ch a n g es; (2) m e r it o r oth er in c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e iv e d b y in dividu al w o rk e r s w hile in the sa m e jo b ; and (3) changes in the la b o r fo r c e su ch as la b o r tu r n o v e r, f o r c e ex p an s io n s , f o r c e re d u ctio n s , and changes in the p r o p o rtio n s o f w o rk e r s em p lo y e d by esta b lish m en ts w ith d iffe r e n t pay le v e ls . Changes in the la b o r f o r c e can ca u se in c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o ccu p a tion a l a v e r a g e s w ithout actu al w age ch a n g es. F o r e x a m p le, a f o r c e expan sion m igh t in c r e a s e the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r pa id w o rk e r s in a s p e c ific o ccu p a tio n and r e su lt in a d rop in the a v e r a g e , w h ereas a red u ction in the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r paid w o rk e r s w ould have the o p p o s ite e ffe c t. The m ov em en t o f a h ig h -p a y in g e sta b lish m en t out o f an a r e a cou ld ca u se the a v e ra g e ea rn in gs to d ro p , even though no change in rates o c c u r r e d in oth er a r e a e sta b lis h m e n ts. The u se o f constan t em p loym en t w eights elim in a tes the e ffe c ts o f changes in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e p re s e n te d in ea ch jo b in clu d ed in the data. N or a re the p e r c e n ts o f change in flu en ced by changes in stan dard w o rk sch ed u les o r in p r e m iu m pa y fo r o v e r tim e , s in c e they a re b a se d on pay f o r stra ig h t-tim e h ou rs. Indexes fo r the p e r io d 1953 to I960 f o r w o rk e r s in 20 m a jo r la b o r m a rk ets w ill ap p ear in BLS B u ll. 12 65 -62, W ages and R ela ted B e n e fits, 60 L a b o r M a rk ets, W inter 1 9 59 -60. A* Occupational Earnings 5 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations (A v er a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e w eekly h ours and earnings for se le c te d occupations studied on an a r e a b a sis by in du stry d iv isio n , New O r le a n s , L a . , M arch 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STI IAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Average S ex , occu p ation , and in du stry d ivision Number of workers $ Weekly, Weekly , 30. 00 hours 1 earnings1 and (Standard) (Standard) 3 5. 00 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ s $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 35 00 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 55. 00 60 . 00 65. 00 70. 00 75 . 00 80. 00 85. 00 90 . 00 9 5 .0 0 100.00 1 0 5.00 1 1 0.00 11 5.00 12 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 and 40 00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65 , 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 3 3 ,_0j0. 100,0.0. 10 5 .0 0 11 0 .0 0 11 5.00 1 2 0.00 12 5 .0 0 over M en B ook keep in g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s B ________________________ __________ N onm anufacturing ______ _____________ 40 34 C le r k s , accou ntin g, c la s s A ____________ M anufacturing __________________________ N onm anufacturing ______________________ P ublic u tilities 2 ____________________ R e ta il trade __________________________ 395 97 298 107 40 40. 40. 40. 39. 42. 0 0 0 5 0 95. 101. 93. 87. 95. C le r k s , accou ntin g, c la s s B ____________ M anufacturing __________________________ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ P ublic u tilities 2 231 58 173 76 40. 40. 39. 40. 0 0 5 0 69. 75. 67. 64. C le r k s , ord er ______________________________ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ 259 237 40. 0 40. 0 75 . 00 74. 50 C ler k s , p a y r o ll ___________________________ M anufacturing ___________________________ N onm anufacturing ______________________ 66 39 27 40. 0 39. 5 40. 0 93. 50 95 . 50 90. 00 _ - O ffice boys _____________________________ ,____ M anufacturing ___________________________ N onm anufacturing ______________________ P ublic u tilities 2 184 32 152 58 39. 40. 39. 39. 52. 52. 52. 59. T ab u latin g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s A ____________________________________ 30 T ab u latin g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s B ____________________________________ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ T a b u latin g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s C ____________________________________ 39. 5 39 . 5 - - - 1 1 3 3 6 - 13 13 - - - 1 1 - - 12 12 - - 4 4 - - - - - - - 50 00 50 50 50 - - - _ - - 4 4 - - 15 15 - 7 2 5 3 1 25 1 24 13 8 58 9 49 32 1 26 4 22 18 1 81 24 57 24 7 43 9 34 11 1 41 4 37 3 14 30 17 13 2 5 00 50 00 00 - .. - 10 10 10 43 7 36 _ 24 2 22 7 35 1 34 28 30 7 23 19 14 4 10 6 25 18 7 2 3 1 2 _ 10 9 1 _ 8 5 3 _ 7 1 6 4 22 3 19 _ _ _ _ - 22 21 30 24 45 38 20 20 24 24 23 23 26 26 33 33 12 10 8 2 _ - 12 12 _ - 4 4 _ - - - _ - _ _ - _ 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 4 4 - 2 2 6 6 16 11 5 6 ~ ii - 10 4 3 1 _ - $ 6 6 .0 0 64. 50 1 20 j 15 1 5 _ - - - - - - 9 6 3 - - 36 6 30 1 2 _ _ - - - - 4 4 ! 1 l - 6 3 3 _ - - 4 2 2 00 50 00 00 1 1 _ 2 2 1 50 13 37 8 49 4 45 15 29 5 24 2 25 5 20 • 11 10 2 8 7 2 2 1 _ - _ - 13 13 13 _ - _ - 1 1 - 2 2 - _ - _ - - _ - - 40. 0 101. 50 - - - - - - - - - - - 10 3 2 1 3 4 5 l 1 80 66 39. 0 39. 0 83 . 00 82. 50 - - - - - - - - 3 3 6 3 8 8 19 17 14 13 6 4 6 3 3 2 10 8 2 2 2 2 " - - 1 1 - - - - 26 40. 0 72. 00 - - - 2 1 1 1 1 10 1 9 - - - - - - - - - _ . . . 5 0 5 5 39. 5 56. 50 B ille r s , m achine (b illin g m achine) ____ Nonm anufacturing _____________________ P ublic u tilities 2 ................. 80 62 35 39. 0 39. 0 38. 5 64. 00 6 l . 50 67 . 50 _ - _ - B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine) ___________________________________ N onm anufacturing ______________________ R eta il trade __________________________ 65 59 42 40. 5 41. 0 40. 0 52. 50 52. 00 52. 50 - 4 4 4 __________________________ - - 36 T y p is t s , c la s s B - - _ _ 19 8 1 2 - 18 18 10 9 9 5 4 4 8 5 5 19 12 4 4 3 2 9 6 6 4 4 17 17 12 11 11 11 14 14 6 8 3 3 6 5 5 1 1 1 - t~ \ 1 3 1 _ - 1 1 1 _ - 4 4 4 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 W om en _______ See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: E stim a te s for a ll in d u str ie s, n onm anufacturing, and public u tilities include data for ra ilr o a d s (SIC 4 0 ) , om itted fr o m the scope of a ll lab or m a rk et w age su rv e y s m ade b efo re July 1959W h ere sig n ifica n t, the effe ct of the in clu sion of ra ilr o a d s is grea test on the data shown se p a r a te ly for the public u tilities d ivision . f 6 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations-Continued (A v er a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e w eekly hours and ea rn ings fo r se le c te d occupations studied on an a r e a b a sis by in du stry d iv isio n , New O r le a n s, L a . , M arc h 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Average Sex, occupation, and in du stry d ivision Number of workers $ $ $ S $ S S $ $ $ t $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ Weekly Weekly 30. 00 35. 00 40 . 00 45 . 00 5 0 . 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70 . 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 10 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 11 5 .0 0 12 0 .0 0 1 2 5.00 hours 1 earnings1 (Standard) (Standard) under ” ~ ■ ■ ■ ~ ■ “ “ “ and 3 5 .0 0 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 55 . 00 60 . 00 65. 00 70. 00 7 5 . 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 11 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 12 5 .0 0 over W om en — -Continued B ook keep in g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s, c la s s A _ . _ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ 113 89 3 9 .5 39. 0 B ook keep in g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s, c la s s R M anufacturing __________________________ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ R etail trade __________________________ 414 52 362 53 39. 5 40 . 0 3 9 .5 40. 0 57 . 66. 55. 51. 00 00 50 00 C le r k s, accounting, c la s s A M anufacturing __________________________ N onm anufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ P ublic u tilities 2 R etail trade 227 58 169 54 36 39. 0 40. 0 39. 0 38. 5 4 1 .0 79. 80. 79. 81. 79 . 50 00 50 00 50 - " - C le r k s , accounting, c la s s R M anufacturing __ _ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ R etail tra de __________________________ 530 49 481 103 39. 40. 39. 40. 61. 70. 60. 55. 50 50 50 50 _ - 5 5 5 18 18 2 C le r k s, file , c la s s A _____ _______________ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ 50 45 38. 5 38. 5 61. 00 59 . 00 _ _ _ - - C le r k s , file , c la s s B _____________________ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ R etail trade __________________________ 278 52 3 9 .5 39 . 0 40. 0 48 . 00 48 . 00 46. 00 _ - 1 1 - - C le r k s, ord er ______________________________ M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing ______________________ R etail trade 164 28 136 47 40. 42. 40. 40. 5 5 0 0 58 . 63. 56. 58 . 00 00 50 50 _ - _ - C le r k s, p a y ro ll M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing P ublic u tilities 2 R etail tra de _ 183 80 103 28 39 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 39 . 0 40. 0 68. 70. 67. 74. 62 . 50 50 00 00 00 C om p to m eter o p era to rs __________________ N onm anufacturing _________________ R etail tra de __________________________ 255 231 80 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 64. 50 64 . 00 57. 50 Keypunch o p era to rs _______________________ M anufacturing __________________________ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ P ublic u tilitie s 2 ____________________ 299 50 249 56 3 9 .5 40. 0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 64. 76. 62 . 61. O ffice g ir ls Nonm anufacturing _ _ _ __________ 82 ______________________ See footnotes at end of table, 2 9 2 79 0 0 0 0 $ 7 0 . 50 69. 50 50 00 50 50 44. 50 3 9 .0 "39."0 ■'^ * 4 7 0 0 " - - - - - - - - - 9 6 - - 9 9 - - 27 22 - - 22 19 - - 27 23 5 - 10 10 4 - - - - - - - - - 13 13 8 64 64 11 89 5 84 13 112 15 97 8 92 12 80 9 18 4 14 4 2 2 7 7 - 5 1 4 - - - - - - - - 5 3 2 2 3 3 - - 2 2 2 - - - “ - - - - - - - _ - _ - 5 5 - 18 9 9 3 2 2 1 33 5 28 10 8 30 16 14 1 4 35 1 34 21 2 29 10 19 4 29 2 27 2 13 7 7 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 - 4 4 - 5 2 3 - 2 2 - - 19 5 14 12 1 4 2 2 2 - 1 1 1 - - - - - - 32 1 31 17 118 3 115 19 76 3 73 18 91 12 79 29 43 4 39 6 30 6 24 2 101 13 88 5 11 2 9 - 2 2 - 2 2 “ _ - 1 1 “ _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 6 6 3 3 18 18 12 12 3 2 2 2 - 5 2 1 _ _ _ - _ _ - - - - - 75 73 29 115 107 6 67 65 8 19 19 6 - 1 - 2 ------2 _ - _ - - _ - _ - - _ - - - - - _ - 7 7 7 27 27 8 39 8 31 3 34 2 32 5 24 3 21 10 11 6 5 5 8 7 1 1 10 2 8 8 _ - _ - 2 2 2 2 - _ - _ - 9 2 7 22 14 8 3 5 27 15 12 3 5 23 10 13 1 1 14 7 7 1 3 22 7 15 10 3 5 1 4 2 2 15 10 5 1 1 5 5 1 4 10 8 2 1 _ - - - - __ - 12 “ i'i— 1 3 - ~ _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - . - _ - _ - 2 2 _ - 1 1 - - - _ - 2 1 1 1 - - _ - 6 6 - 2 2 - - - - 2 6 18 5 13 4 7 _ _ 10 10 10 19 19 12 28 27 17 43 38 7 60 57 11 26 25 7 12 8 5 17 12 6 11 9 4 8 7 1 14 13 - 3 3 - 2 1 ~ 8 8 28 28 6 38 41 4 37 5 62 8 54 15 33 28 7 21 2 23 2 21 5 8 7 1 1 4 13 3 10 1 5 1 4 1 7 6 1 1 - 1 1 - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ _ - - - - - - 4 4 4 4 42 '' 41 ' 19 IT ” - 38 15 4 4 — 7 r~ _ — r r 22 4 _ 1 _ 1 1 - 4 - _ - _ - _ - _ 1 1 _ - 1 ----- 1----- - _ - - _ _ - - - - _ _ _ - - - 7 Table A-1. O ffice Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e w eekly hours and ea rn ings fo r se le c te d occupations studied on an a r e a b a sis by in du stry d iv isio n , New O r le a n s, L a . , M a rc h 1961) Average Sex, occupation, and in du stry d ivision Number of workers NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING ST^LAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ WeeklyWeekly 3 0 . 00 3 5 . 00 4 0 . 00 45 . 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 7 0 . 00 75 . 00 80 . 00 85 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 hours 1 earnings 1 and (Standard) (Standard) under 3 5 . 00 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 55 . 00 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 . 001JLSJliLm m m m 9 0 . QQ 95^ QQ- l o o m 1Q5.QQ 11Q.QQ LL5.JDQ. 120-00 1 2 5 .0 0 OY.ar_ W om en— Continued 54 1 53 20 5 42 6 36 10 8 71 13 58 13 11 80 23 57 14 3 73 3 70 18 9 86 31 55 17 4 77 28 49 19 7 66 18 48 20 4 30 7 23 9 2 30 3 27 21 1 22 1 21 11 " 26 15 11 5 - 15 15 6 3 41 5 36 12 13 149 10 139 45 18 101 13 88 41 2 185 39 146 41 2 94 31 63 20 10 97 33 64 21 11 111 27 84 40 2 59 19 40 3 1 24 8 16 7 1 18 18 8 21 1 20 14 - - 15 l6 5 3 “ 1 1 - “ 5 5 5 57 57 3 42 42 4 25 25 25 32 4 28 18 37 6 31 4 9 44 2 42 9 12 25 1 24 10 3 17 4 13 1 3 22 12 10 4 1 3 1 2 1 5 3 2 2 18 3 15 13 5 5 3 - ~ - - - 9 9 - . - - 1 1 - - - 28 4 24 1 23 9 14 9 26 21 5 4 1 3 1 2 2 - 57 29 28 12 9 7 1 6 4 - 34 9 25 4 6 _ _ 4 4 16 16 16 16 40 40 3 3 11 11 _ - 4 4 - “ - " - - - “ " " 7 7 ' 41 41 4 26 26 4 34 34 15 18 4 14 7 14 7 7 2 22 14 8 4 6 4 2 1 2 15 63 75 3 72 7 13 54 2 52 18 3 106 4 102 24 22 44 8 36 1 5 50 7 43 7 11 19 11 8 2 11 7 4 4 S e c r e ta r ie s _________________________________ M anufacturing --------------------------------------N onm anufacturing -------------------------------P ublic u tilitie s 2 ----------------------------R etail trade _________________________ 719 160 559 200 58 39 . 40. 39 . 39 . 40. 5 0 5 5 0 $82. 87 . 80. 86 . 73 . 00 50 50 00 00 - Sten ograp h ers, g en eral __________________ M anufacturing __________________________ N onm anufacturing _____________________ P ublic u tilitie s 2 ----------------------------R eta il trade _________________________ 925 200 725 255 65 39 . 39. 39. 39 . 39 . 5 5 5 0 5 67 . 71. 65. 67. 57. 00 50 50 00 50 - . - “ Sw itchboard o p era to rs ___________________ M anufacturing --------------------------------------N onm anufacturing -------------------------------Public u tilitie s 2 ------------ --------------R etail trade _________________________ 333 36 297 47 78 42. 5 4 1 .5 42. 5 39 . 5 40. 5 52. 66 . 51. 72. 47. 50 00 00 00 50 Sw itchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n is ts ___ M anufacturing __________________________ N onm anufacturing -------------------------------Public u tilitie s 2 ___________________ R etail trade _________________________ 202 82 120 32 26 3 9 .5 40. 0 39 . 5 40. 0 4 1 .0 63. 66 . 60. 70 . 59. 00 50 50 50 00 T r a n sc r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s, g en eral ____________________________________ N onm anufacturing -------------------------------- 100 100 39 . 0 39. 0 61 . 00 61. 00 T y p ists, c la s s A ---------------------------------------M anufacturing __________________________ N onm anufacturing _____________________ Public u tilities 2 ----------------------------- 185 39 146 41 39. 39. 39 . 38. 0 0 0 5 65. 81 . 61. 67 . 50 50 50 50 T y p ists, c la s s B ___________________________ M anufacturing __________________________ Nonm anufacturing _____________________ Public u tilities 2 ___________________ R etail trade _________________________ 441 42 399 80 82 39. 40. 39. 39. 40. 5 0 5 0 5 54. 66 . 53. 54. 51. 50 00 50 50 50 . - - 7 7 - - - - - - 2 2 15 5 63 17 19 . . 10 3 7 6 1 8 .. 4 14 7 - - 4 4 - _ - _ - - - " - - - - - 1 1 - - - - “ - “ - - - . . . - - - - - - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - 2 2 - ■ ■ “ - - - 4 4 - - - - 9 3 6 6 - 6 6 - _ - _ - - - - 4 3 1 ■ 5 2 3 1 ! 1 - 5 2 3 3 - - - - 2 2 - - - - - 1 1 - " 2 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em p lo y ee s r e c e iv e their reg u la r stra ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s and the earn ings c orresp on d to these w eekly hours, T ran sp ortation , com m u nication, and other public u tilitie s . 12 4 8 4 1 - - - - 8 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , N ew O r le a n s , L a . , M a r c h 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARN INGS OF Average Number S ex, o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n of workers Weekly^ (Standard) $ 1 Weekly U nder earnings (Standard) $ 7 0 . 00 $ 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 $ $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 1 6 0 .0 0 1 6 5 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 .3 5 ,0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 1 6 0 .0 0 1 6 5 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 and over M en D r a f t s m e n , s e n i o r __________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------------- 197 113 84 4 1 .0 41. 5 40. 0 $ 1 2 3 .5 0 1 2 7 .5 0 1 1 8 .0 0 D r a f t s m e n , j u n i o r -----------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ 77 46 31 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 8 7 .5 0 9 1 .0 0 8 2 .5 0 41 27 40. 0 40. 5 9 9 .5 0 1 0 7 .0 0 - 2 14 2 12 - - " " 6 4 2 7 5 2 - 1 1 15 5 10 14 14 15 12 3 5 3 2 " 11 2 9 6 4 2 37 11 26 14 8 6 4 2 2 3 1 2 17 13 4 18 14 4 8 6 2 3 2 1 5 5 8 4 4 9 7 2 5 2 3 6 5 1 1 1 - - - - - ' 11 8 3 10 5 5 8 4 4 4 2 2 9 7 2 - - - _ _ . ' " ' “ * W om en N u r s e s , i n d u s t r i a l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) _________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------- 1 2 4 8 2 3 1 3 3 4 2 1 2 4 4 3 2 1 1 7 7 S ta n da rd h o u r s r e f le c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r i e s and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 2 at $ 55 to $ 6 0 ; 2 at $ 60 to $ 6 5 ; 10 at $ 6 5 to $ 7 0 . NOTE: S ee note on p. 5, r e la t iv e to the in c lu s io n o f r a il r o a d s . 2 2 h ou rs. " 1 1 9 Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v era g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h ourly earn ings for m en in se le c te d occupations studied on an area b a sis by in du stry d iv isio n . New O r le a n s , L a . , M arch 1961) NUM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGH T-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers $ s $ s $ $ s , Average hourly j U n d er 1. 20 1. 30 1. 4 0 1. 50 1 .6 0 1. 70 °1. 80 V 90 2. 00 and earnings $ u n d e r 1. 20 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 1 .7 0 , 1. 90 2. 00 _2. 10 o O c c u p a t io n an d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n 10 s ! $ 2. 20 2. 30 2. 4 0 *2. 50 2..20 _2_. 30 2. 40 2. 50 ~2 . $ S is ;5 60 °2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 1 1 2. 60 ! 2. 7 0 i C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e _______________ M a n u fa c t u r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________ R e t a il t r a d e -------------------------------------- 154 78 76 31 E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e _____________ M a n u fa c t u r in g -------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g -------------------------------- 288 220 68 E n g i n e e r s , s t a t io n a r y ___________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________ R e t a il t r a d e _________________________ 250 115 135 41 F i r e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r _____________ M a n u fa c t u r in g _________________________ 92 71 H e l p e r s , t r a d e s , m a in t e n a n c e _________ M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ____________________ P u b l ic u t il it i e s 3 ___________________ 313 182 131 108 1. 2. 1. 1. 94 04 82 90 M a c h in is t s , m a in t e n a n c e ________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________ P u b l ic u t il it i e s 3 ___________________ 199 166 33 28 2. 3. 2. 2. 94 01 55 51 M e c h a n i c s , a u t o m o t iv e (m a in t e n a n c e ) ___________________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________ P u b l ic u t il it i e s 3 ___________________ 424 117 307 267 2 .4 1 2. 31 2 .4 5 2. 51 - - - - M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e ________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________ 507 466 41 2. 60 2. 6o 2. 59 _ 1 - - M i ll w r i g h t s _______ ________________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________ 56 56 3. 15 3. 15 O ile r s _______________________________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________ 80 76 P a i n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ---------------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g -------------------------------- $ 2. 2. 2. 2. 42 60 23 89 2 2 10 10 " 14 5 9 " - “ - 2 2 5 3 2 4 4 2 2 2 2 3 - 6 6 - 2 2 “ 14 14 12 12 1 16 15 1 - 4 4 1 5 4 1 4 4 3 3 3 3 _ _ _ _ - 12 12 - - - ' 8 6 2 11 8 3 - - 22 12 10 10 13 8 5 5 30 14 16 15 21 21 - 22 2 20 20 8 8 6 - - 2. 87 2. 95 2. 60 _ - _ - _ - _ - 2. 2. 2. 2. 30 50 14 58 5 5 - 2 2 “ 10 10 - 1. 98 2. 25 2 18 2 2 17 6 n - " 11 3 8 - 5 3 2 4 4 - - 1 1 - 2 _ _ - - - - 1 2 " - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - " - - 2. 24 2. 31 4 - _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 163 83 80 2 .4 4 2. 81 2. 06 - _ 1 1 10 4 6 5 5 13 13 11 11 2 2 _ P i p e f i t t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e _______________ M a n u fa c t u r in g _________________________ 106 102 2 .9 6 2. 95 S h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ___ M a n u fa c t u r in g _________________________ 27 25 2. 90 2. 89 - - - - - - - - See note on p. 5, r ela tiv e to the in clu sion of r a ilr o a d s. 3 | - 45 9 36 36 " 6 1 5 3 8 1 8 - 14 13 1 1 _ - 1 1 5 5 - 22 22 - 10 6 6 - | 10 8 - 5 I si 2 j 1 | 45 : 6 : 5~l 1 i 2 i 1 | 1 7 4 ' 3 1 1 2 1 1 15 ! 4 ! 11 | 1 ! 19 | 12 1 7 ' 14 17 ! 15 I 2 ! 1 8 2 6 5 9 5 4 i 3 _ _ _ * 17 17 24 ! 24 i _ _ 1 40 | 21 ! 19 i 2 3 in _ 35 1 10 1 19 ‘ - : 19 1 10 10 ; 4 l 3. 10 3. 20 1 1 1 5 4 1 " 17 16 1 1 14 8 6 6 11 11 11 12 8 4 16 9 7 13 8 5 53 50 3 55 54 1 _ - 32 27 5 5 3 2 1 1 1 1 - 4 4 4 " 1 1 - 4 4 _ _ _ - - 8 8 _ - 2 1 1 - 4 1 3 3 79 79 “ 14 14 - - 12 12 - 3 3 - - - 6 3 12 12 18 12 6 6 26 25 1 1 14 1 13 9 3 3 26 26 29 29 5 14 5 5 j 14 14 20 20 " 13 10 3 1 21 21 " 6 6 - 5 5 5 16 14 2 - $ 3. 40 - 3. 30 A 4JL 3. 50 - " 4 3 1 - 47 12 35 25 27 21 6 5 20 4 16 16 36 12 24 10 10 4 6 6 20 5 15 14 1 1 - 46 9 37 29 28 11 17 17 14 3 11 10 99 99 97 16 16 16 10 10 - 26 4 22 22 - " " “ _ - 17 11 6 44 43 1 15 15 - 5 5 " 37 37 7 7 46 46 - 64 64 - 42 39 3 50 44 6 2 1 1 3 29 29 - 14 14 4 4 125 125 - _ - - _ - _ . _ _ _ _ _ - - " 35 35 _ ' 12 12 _ - 8 8 _ - 1 1 _ - - - 3 3 24 24 16 16 3 3 12 12 17 17 16 16 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 10 8 2 6 1 5 _ - 19 11 8 12 3 9 16 16 - 7 7 _ 25 25 _ - - - " 3 3 3 3 - _ 15 15 2 2 1 _ - 7 7 - - 10 10 1 - 4 3 60 59 - - - - 4 4 - 1 1 _ _ 15 15 1 1 5 5 - 1 E xclu d es p rem iu m pay for o v e rtim e and for w ork on w ee k e n d s, h olid ays , and late sh ifts. 2 W o r k e r s w ere d istribu ted as fo llo w s: 12 at $ 0. 80 to $ 0. 90; 6 at $ 0. 90 to $ 1. 3 T r a n sp o r ta tio n , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s. NOTE: 16 4 12 4 2. 80 1 2_. 9?_ 3. 00 | 3. 20 *3. 30 - - - - - - - “ 3 - - _ - - - - - 10 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, New O rleans, L a . , M arch 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation 1 and industry division Number of workers Average hourly 2 earnings $ 0 .6 0 .7 0 $ S s $ Under 0. 50 find $ under 0. 50 .6 0 0 .7 0 . 80 0 .8 0 .9 0 0 . 9 0 1 . 0 0 s 1 . 0 0 1 . 1 0 1 1 . . 1 0 2 0 *1 . 2 0 1 .3 0 s s 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 s s 1. 50 1 . 6 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 s S 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 $ !S 1 2 .9 0 . 2 0 0 2 . . 0 0 1 0 $ $ 2 2 . . 1 0 2 0 2 . 2 0 2. 30 !s 2. 30 2. 40 s 2 .4 0 2. 50 s S 2. 50 2 . 60 2 . 60 2. 70 $ •3 2. 70 2 . 80 2 2 . 80 2 . 90 and over . 9 0 1 E levator op erators, passenger (men) -------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ____________________ 197 187 $ 0 . 89 . 87 172 172 77 . 72 . 72 . 78 2 2 71 71 4 4 - - - - - - 56 56 30 30 19 19 19 30 30 18 . - _ _ Elevator op erators, passenger Nonmanufacturing ____________________ Retail trade ________________________ Guards -------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------- 351 54 297 36 Janitors, p orte rs, and clean ers (men) ..................................... ............................. Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________ DtiKIi r oc ^ Retail trade ________________________ 1. 758 325 1 ,4 3 3 123 Janitors, p orte rs, and clean ers (women) __________________________________ Manufacturing -------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ____________________ Potail traHp 539 38 501 L a b o re rs, m aterial handling ----------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ____________________ Public u tilities 3 ---------------------------Retail trade ________________________ 6 2 0 2 1 6 2. 358 1, 047 1, 311 574 313 1. 2. 1. 2 . 51 24 37 28 1. 55 1. 71 1 .4 3 1 .4 8 1 .4 0 1. 35 1. 32 1. 17 31 91 44 2 0 _ - - - 30 25 - 9 9 9 7 7 4 _ 65 118 - 64 . 64 103 139 156 15 103 139 148 80 80 15 19 48 124 1 2 2 75 176 176 152 26 26 26 6 6 6 6 19 _ - 156 156 7 . - 2 6 8 _ - - - - 8 1 2 6 - - - 1 2 6 - _ - - _ - - - _ - _ - _ - - 2 2 _ . - 2 3 560 36 524 4 1 6 0 4 9 18 31 8 1 _ _ - 8 65 270 94 176 78 42 58 1 2 46 67 63 1 2 8 118 1 6 6 38 128 16 25 1 0 2 . 01 86 1. 79 Shipping and receiving clerk s _____________ Manufacturing _______________________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Retail trade ________________________ 247 42 205 47 1 .9 8 2 .0 8 1 .9 6 2. 07 1. 89 2 1 0 2 17 23 17 17 7 44 14 30 3 5 2 1 6 1 6 3 - - - - 243 52 191 7 2 2 0 1 - 6 2 3 17 6 1 1 0 51 41 4 5 4 i ! 85 37 48 40 - _ - - _ - 7 ' | 7 _ - 4 4 - 123 1 0 2 171 45 45 - 2 2 1 6 3 18 * j 15 15 - 25 1 7 8 2 6 24 2 1 1 8 1 3 5 7 25 2 2 1 1 1 6 14 6 5 5 _ - 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 0 2 6 8 134 129 3 99 51 48 48 1 60 60 56 3? 17 2 2 2 0 14 1 28 2 0 1 2 1 10 2 1 114 74 40 35 1 0 1 0 1 0 _ - 135 134 1 _ _ - _ _ _ 27 31 38 33 5 - 57 55 29 - _ - . - _ - 1 38 4 34 34 1 - 30 17 - - - - 28 _ 28 28 - 2 9 1 0 16 _ _ _ 2 9 4 1 0 16 " - 2 _ - 1 2 15 - _ - 5 7 1 2 6 4 5 1 6 9 10 4 14 30 9 18 2 5 - 6 1 28 16 5 15 14 3 1 - 1 1 8 8 2 - _ 8 - - - 3 2 - 3 4 4 - - 6 - 3 2 6 1 .8 1 2 17 - - - - _ . - - - - - - - - - - _ - _ - _ _ . - . - - 4 4 - 1 1 _ - - - 2 2 - 1 2 2 0 5 27 3 1 2 5 3 2 9 10 4 13 12 7 12 5 1 1 4 31 24 9 9 6 1 5 1 32 16 _ 6 10 18 17 14 6 6 8 - 31 24 8 9 5 9 26 12 1 1 3 2 ? 9 - 4 _ _ _ 244 237 7 - 3 4 _ _ - _ _ 2 7 _ _ - _ . 25 7 _ _ - _ _ 5 _ 52 52 - _ - - 39 36 3 2 _ 2 2 _ - 3 _ - 2 0 _ - 17 _ - 2 3 3 8 _ 9 9 - - _ - 7 7 . 2 34 14 2 0 _ - 15 . _ _ - 9 _ _ 2 9 _ _ 6 1 1 - 5 1 - - 1 47 25 1 8 80 ! 153 6 - 29 13 2 1 1 1 1 378 19 359 277 18 1 2 25 25 - 7 7 12 12 2 - - - - 1 2 - - - 1 1 - - 1 45 40 4 - - - 14 14 14 - - 89 26 63 73 17 56 - - 5 1 0 2 . - 5 78 17 2 1 _ 1 5 5 1 321 155 166 15 28 . _ 1 8 - . _ 8 2 . _ * 2 . _ - 4 2 1 . _ 8 2 . _ 1 - 8 1 . 60 161 75 - .9 9 1. 78 2. 05 1 . 69 Shipping clerk s ----------------------------------------------------Manufacturing -----------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. - 15 15 249 215 36 _ . 79 1. 25 . 76 . 68 P ack e rs, shipping (men) -----------------------Nonmanufacturing ____________________ Retail traHp 1 2 2 _ 15 1 .4 4 1. 37 1. 45 1 . 80 Receiving clerk s _________________________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Retail trade ---------------------------------------------- 6 1 1 735 90 645 114 P ack ers, shipping (women) _____________ - . 11 .62 . 00 1 .4 7 .’ 8 8 1 Order fille r s ---------------------------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ____________________ Retail trade ------------------------------------ 3 9 1 2 1 2 75 75 3 _ _ - - 2 - 5 - - 2 5 42 8 - 3 7 42 8 1 2 3 4 8 8 3 5 8 - 8 *8 11 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations-Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, New O rleans, L a. , M arch 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers O ccupation1 and industry division 2, 702 530 2, 172 804 341 Truckd rivers 5 ____________________________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public utilities 3 ___________________ Retail trade ________________________ T ru ck d rivers, light (under 1l U tons) _____________________________ Manufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________ Retail trade _____________________ — T ru ck d rivers, medium ( IV 2 to and including 4 tons) ________________ Manufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________ PnKli r nti liti Pfl ^ Retail trade _____________________ T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r type) _________________________ Manufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________ Public utilities 3 ________________ Retail traHfi 673 Ta§“ 565 135 1, 290 242 1, 048 431 131 590 — w 492 356 74 $ $ s $ $ S $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S $ s $ $ $ $ s $ $ Average 2 .0 0 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 hourly , Under 0. 50 0. 60 0. 70 0. 80 0. 90 1. 00 1. 10 1. 20 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 . 9 0 and earningsA $ and 0. 50 under 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 over . 70 . 80 . 90 1. 00 1. 10 1 .2 0 1. 30 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2. 00 2 . 1 0 . 60 $ 1 .7 6 — rrsT 1 . 7 5 2. 26 1 .5 1 - - " " 1 .8 5 1 .8 6 1 .8 4 2. 43 1 60 - - - 2. 02 — T799" 2. 02 2. 10 1 .7 4 1 .9 9 2. 14 1 .7 7 1.9 1 1 .7 7 T ru ck ers, power (other than forklift) __________________________________ 155 1 .8 7 1. 13 1 .5 5 1 .0 9 1. 13 1. 16 - - - 26 T T “ 10 - - - 680 399 281 172 50 1 2 3 4 5 6 - 1. 33 1 .4 9 1 .3 0 1 .2 9 T ru ck ers, power (forklift) ______________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public u tilities 3 ___________________ Retail trade _____________ ___ ___ 676 Watchmen __________________________________ Manufacturing _________________________ -------- S T Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 610 Public utilities 3 ___________________ 139 32 Retail trade _________________________ - 1 9 1 9 11 See note on p. 306 1 305 2 24 61 6 55 1 " 252 71 181 136 14 393 83 310 256 24 128 100 28 23 99 99 20 21 21 - 10 10 8 8 - 2 ■ “ 54 14 40 19 5 5 - " 116 116 " 39 14 25 97 21 76 48 10 38 181 1 180 35 35 1 227 60 167 136 58 50 8 1 5 46 11 24 268 30 238 16 136 35 101 37 244 108 16 92 13 81 9 72 32 149 6 143 W 215 90 49 21 28 - 14 28 35 35 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - 10 - — r 2 - 16 12 4 - 36 36 24 9 9 - 9 9 - 16 6 10 - 17 3 14 14 270 13 257 252 5 39 16 23 23 8 8 8 - - - - - - - - 37 20 17 - 30 16 14 2 33 8 25 8 17 17 - 58 3 55 55 " 21 12 9 - 110 21 89 70 19 12 12 - - 6 6 6 " 140 125 15 15 50 - - - 67 29 21 8 7 1 6 3 3 1 10 10 6 1 - - - 4 4 43 - - - 4 - 43 332 176 2 ------ T 174 326 47 78 14 5 5, relative to the inclusion of railroad s. 6 3 3 1 1 13 6 7 20 18 2 7 7 - - - 5 41 38 3 14 14 - 8 8 4 4 13 13 - 2 2 13 13 - " - - 1 1 - ■ - - 1 1 - “ 10 6 4 4 ' 11 - “ - - " “ 2 2 - ■ 2? 13 10 3 - - 109 4 105 36 1 9 63 39 24 3 10 10 - 2 32 22 24 16 8 1 9 32 6 24 4 4 51 23 28 28 3 4 - Data lim ited to m en w ork ers except where otherw ise indicated. Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, communication, and other public u tilities. A ll w orkers w ere at $ 3. 10 to $ 3. 20. Includes all d rivers regard le ss of size and type of truck operated. A ll w orkers w ere at $ 3 to $ 3. 10. N O TE : 78 40 38 11 144 4 140 12 37 396 2 394 390 2 2 - 17 17 - " " " 1 1 - 2 2 - - - ■ ■ ■ 7 7 - 1 1 - 290 290 286 - - 2 2 - 17 6 17 - ■ 29 14 15 - 4 3 - 3 2 1 - 6 6 - 2 1 1 - 26 ll 15 - 104 104 104 20 1 19 18 14 14 13 1 1 - 32 32 - 44 42 2 - 12 12 - 93 77 16 16 26 4 - - 6 2 - 1 1 - - - 1 1 - 7 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - B*« Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l. Shift Differentials (Shift d ifferen tia ls of m an ufacturin g plant w o rk ers by type and amount of d iffe r e n tia l, New O r le a n s , L a . , M arch 1961) P erc en t of m an ufacturin g plant w o r k e r s— In esta b lish m en ts having fo r m a l p ro v isio n s 1 fo r — Shift d ifferen tia l Second shift w ork T o ta l ______________________ ____________________ T h ird or other shift w ork A ctu a lly wo rking on— Second shift T h ird or other shift __ 79. 5 63 . 2 16. 2 ----------------------------------- 68 . 1 53. 7 14. 9 4. 5 U n iform cents (per hour) _____________________ 64 . 2 50. 9 14. 0 4 .4 8. 22. 5. 15. 8. 7 2. 2 1. 3 . 7 2. 6 9. 3 6. 8 2. 1 19. 8 2. 8 3. 3 3. 6 - 1. 1 4. 7 1. 0 2 .9 2. 9 1. 2 . 1 U n iform p ercen tage ___________________________ 3. 6 - .8 - 4 p ercen t _____________________________________ 3. 6 - .8 - . 3 - - - 2. 8 - . 1 9. 5 1 .4 . 1 W ith shift pay d iffer en tia l 5 cents _______________________________________ 6 cents _______________________________________ 7 cents _______________________________________ 8 cents _______________________________________ 9 cents _______________________________________ 10 cents _____________________________ ______ 11 cents ______________________________________ 12 cen ts ______________________________________ I 2 V 2 cents ___________________________________ 15 cents ______________________________________ 16 cents ______________________________________ 24 cents ______________________________________ F u ll d a y 's pay for reduced h ours Other f o r m a l pay d ifferen tia l No shift pay d ifferen tia l ___________ _______________ __________________________ 5 1 7 6 - 1 1 .4 1 Includes esta b lish m en ts c u rren tly op erating late s h ifts , even though they w ere not cu rren tly op erating late sh ifts. 4. 6 _ - .4 - 1 . 2 . 5 .4 1. 1 . 3 . 5 " and esta b lish m en ts with f o r m a l p r o v isio n s c overin g late sh ifts 13 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office W orkers (D istrib u tion of e sta b lish m en ts studied in a ll in d u strie s and in industry d iv ision s by m in im u m entrance sa la r y fo r se le c te d c a te g o r ie s of in exp erien ced w om en offic e w o r k e r s, New O r le a n s, L a. , M arc h 1961) Inexp erienced typ ists M anufacturing M in im um w eekly sa la r y 1 A ll in du stries _ _ _ ... . _ A ll schedu les 40 Manuf actu ring A ll in d u strie s B ased on standard w eekly hours 31 of— A ll schedu les E sta b lish m e n ts studied O ther in exp erien ced c le r ic a l w o rk ers N onm anufacturing A ll sch edu les 40 Nonm anufacturing B ased on standard w eekly hours 3 of— 40 A ll sch edu les 40 180 54 XXX 126 XXX 180 54 XX X 126 XXX 57 12 11 45 34 74 16 14 58 45 2 _ _ 2 11 3 10 4 10 3 1 5 1 3 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ 1 _ 4 _ 2 1 1 1 1 1 _ 2 _ _ 2 10 3 6 4 8 2 3 _ 1 2 15 6 14 5 10 3 3 4 3 1 _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ 5 _ 2 _ 3 1 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ 3 _ 2 _ 4 _ 2 _ 2 _ _ 1 8 2 4 4 6 _ _ 3 _ 2 _ - - - - _ _ _ _ 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ - - 1 1 1 1 2 2 - - 3 _ 1 2 13 6 9 5 8 3 _ 3 1 _ _ _ 2 2 2 _ _ 2 10 5 7 3 7 1 _ 3 1 _ _ _ 2 2 E sta b lish m e n ts having no sp ecified m in im u m 27 11 XXX 16 XXX 32 14 XXX 18 XXX E sta b lish m e n ts w hich did not em ploy w o rk ers in this c ategory .............. ................... 95 31 XXX 64 XXX 73 24 XXX 49 XXX XXX 1 XXX 1 XXX 1 XXX E sta b lish m e n ts having a sp ecified m in im u m $ 30. 00 and under $ 32. 50 $ 32. 50 and under $ 35. 00 $ 35. 00 and under $ 37. 50 $ 37. 50 and under $ 40 . 00 $ 4 0 . 00 and under $ 4 2 . 50 $ 4 2 . 50 and under $ 4 5 . 00 $ 45. 00 and under $ 47 . 50 $ 4 7 . 5 0 and under $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 and under $ 5 2 .5 0 $ 52. 50 and under $ 55. 00 $ 55. 00 and under $ 57. 50 $ 57. 50 and under $ 60. 00 $ 6 0 .0 0 and under $ 6 2 .5 0 $ 62. 50 and under $ 65. 00 $ 6 5 .0 0 and under $ 6 7 .5 0 $ 6 7 .5 0 and under $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 70. 00 and under $ 72. 50 O ver $ 7 2 .5 0 ............. Data not availa ble _____________________ _ . . . . . . __ _______ ______________________________ _ _ _ _, _ _ ... _ . .. _.......... .. _ . . ............... ....................... _. __ . _ ....... . ________________________________________ _. . _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _____ _________________ ______ ______________________ - 1 ' 1 2 3 - _ 3 1 2 1 _ _ _ ' Low est sa la r y rate fo r m a lly e stab lish ed fo r h irin g in exp erien ced w o rk ers fo r typing o r other c le r ic a l jo b s . R ates ap plicab le to m e s s e n g e r s , o ffic e g ir ls , or s im ila r s u b c le ric a l job s are not co n sid ere d . H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em p lo y ee s r e c e iv e th eir regu lar str a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s . Data are p resen ted fo r a ll w orkw eeks com bined, and fo r the m o st com m on w orkw eek rep orted . NOTE: See note on p. 14, rela tiv e to the in clu sion o f r a ilr o a d s. 14 Table B-3. Scheduled W eek ly Hours (P e r c e n t d istrib u tion of o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv ision s by scheduled w eekly hours of f ir s t - s h if t w o r k e r s, New O r le a n s, L a . , M a rc h 1961) OFFICE WORKERS W eek ly hours A ll w ork ers AU industries ________________________________________ Under 3 7 V 2 hours ----------------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------3 7 1/ 2 h ours O ver 3 1 1 /z and under 4 0 hours -------- --------------------4 0 hours ____________ __________ ________________________________ O ver 4 0 and under 4 4 hours ---------- ----------------------4 4 hours ___________________________ ________ ___________________ 4 5 hours -------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------O ver 4 5 and under 4 8 hours 4 8 hours ------ ------------------- -------- ------------------ -------------Over 4 8 hours ________________ ____________________ 100 Manufacturing 100 Public 7 utilities2 100 PLANT WORKERS Retail trade 100 Finance All * industries-3 100 3 3 5 12 7 - 21 3 (4 ) 1 2 78 69 4 82 68 8 69 2 1 (4 ) 9 2 - 1 1 3 1 (4 ) (4 ) 1 - Manufacturing 100 100 Retail trade 100 (4 ) 5 1 2 3 84 - (4) 8 93 50 3 - 4 2 3 - 1 7 - 8 - - 11 - - 3 - 5 13 1 4 24 1 3 1 (4) Includes data fo r w h o lesa le trade; fin a n ce, in su ra n ce , and r ea l estate; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv ision s shown se p a r a te ly . T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s . Includes data fo r w h o lesale trade, r e a l esta te, and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . L e s s than 0. 5 p ercen t. NOTE: 6 Public , utilities E stim a te s fo r a ll in d u strie s and public u tilitie s include data for r a ilr o a d s (SIC 4 0 ), om itted fr o m the scope of a ll lab or m ark et wage su rv e y s m ade b efore July 19 59 . W h ere sign ifican t, the e ffe ct of the in clu sion of r a ilr o a d s is g r e a te st on the data shown se p a r a te ly fo r the public u tilitie s d iv isio n . 3 15 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (P erc en t d istrib u tion of offic e and plant w o rk ers in a ll in du stries and in in du stry d ivision s by num ber of paid holidays p rovided annually, New O r le a n s , L a . , M arch 1961) OFFICE WORKERS Item A ll w o rk ers AU , industries --------------------- -------------------------------------- W o r k e r s in esta b lish m en ts p roviding paid holidays _______ __ ___ ____ ___________________ W o r k e r s in estab lish m en ts p roviding no paid h olidays __________________________________ Manufacturing 1 0 0 1 0 0 99 1 Public, utilities 1 0 0 95 5 PLANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance 1 0 0 1 0 0 " All 3 industries 1 0 0 Manufacturing 1 0 0 Public2 utilities 1 0 0 99 76 6 8 1 24 32 5 4 23 14 Retail trade 1 0 0 9 2 82 8 18 N um ber of d a y s L e s s than 5 holidays _____________________________ 5 h olid ays -----------------------------------------------------------------6 h olidays ------------------------- -------------------------------------6 h olidays plus 1 h a lf day ________________________ _______________________ 6 h olidays plus 2 h a lf days 6 h olidays plus 3 h alf days ----------------------------------6 holid ays plus 4 h a lf days _______________________ 6 holid ays plus 5 h a lf days _______________________ 7 h olid ays __________________________________________ 7 holid ays plus 1 h alf day ________________________ 7 holid ays plus 2 h alf days _______________________ 8 h olidays _______________ _________________________ 8 holid ays plus 1 h alf day ________________________ 8 h olidays plus 2 h alf days _______________________ 9 holid ays ---------------------------------------------------------------1 0 holidays _________________________________________ 1 0 h olidays plus 1 h alf day _______________________ 1 1 h olid ays _________________________________________ (4 ) 1 30 1 6 3 3 3 _ 31 7 1 - 2 1 1 0 1 8 2 16 3 1 6 2 - 6 1 3 (4 ) (4 ) 1 1 1 3 4 . (4 ) 7 1 4 1 56 4 6 ! 1 4 1 2 44 (4 ) 3 19 4 “ 13 n 2 17 - 1 1 1 2 3 5 - 1 (4 ) (4 ) 18 (4 ) 1 13 - 1 6 (4 ) 2 3 7 - 1 2 55 2 (4 ) 58 - 4 - 2 2 8 (4 ) - (4 ) 1 2 1 - 3 1 1 6 6 3 - “ T o ta l h o l i d a y t i m e 5 days ______________________________________________ IOV 2 or m o r e days ------------------------------------------------1 0 or m o r e days ----------------------------------------------------9 or m o r e days ____________________________________ 8 V2 or m o r e days -------------------- -------------------------8 or m o r e days _________ _________________________ 7 V2 or m o r e days -------------------------------------------------7 or m o r e days ------------------------------------------------------6 V 2 or m o r e days _________________________________ 6 or m o r e days ____________________________________ 5 or m o r e days ------------------------- -------------------------4 or m o r e days ____________________________________ 3 or m o r e days ____________________________________ 2 or m o r e days ------------------------- -------------------------1 or m o r e days ____________________________________ 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 15 36 40 67 6 8 98 99 99 99 99 99 4 7 7 19 19 40 48 65 65 95 95 95 95 95 95 _ 23 35 42 43 92 93 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 100 100 100 _ 19 19 38 42 98 98 99 99 99 99 1 1 4 5 5 19 2 0 42 44 67 71 71 72 74 76 3 3 8 1 0 1 0 27 27 49 51 65 67 67 67 68 68 _ 1 1 23 23 82 82 89 89 89 89 89 92 _ 8 8 1 2 15 69 69 69 70 72 82 1 Includes data for w h o lesale tra d e; fin a n c e, in su r a n ce , and r e a l e sta te; and se r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d ivision s shown se p a r a tely . 2 T ra n sp o rta tio n , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s . 3 Includes data for w h o lesale tr a d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d ivision s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 L e s s than 0. 5 p erc en t. 5 A ll com binations of fu ll and h a lf days that add to the sam e amount are com bined; for e x a m p le , the p roportion of w ork ers rec eiv in g a total of 7 days includes those with 7 fu ll days and no h alf days , 6 fu ll days and 2 h alf d a y s , 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d a y s , and so on. P rop ortion s w ere then cum ulated. NOTE: See note on p. 14, r ela tiv e to the in clu sion of r a ilr o a d s . 16 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (P erc en t d istrib u tion of o ffice and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv ision s by vacation pay p r o v isio n s, New O r le a n s, L a . , M arc h 1961) O F FICE W O RK ER S V acation p olicy A ll w o rk ers AH industries ________________________________________ M e th o d A m ou n t o f v a c a tio n 6 1 Manufacturing Public , utilities L P L A N T W O RK ER S Retail trade 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 Finance All industries 1 0 0 5 Manufacturing 1 0 0 4 Public 2 utilities 1 0 0 Retail trade 1 0 0 of paym ent W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m en ts providing paid vacations ------------------- ---------------------------------L e n g t h -o f-tim e paym ent _____________________ P ercen tage paym ent ------ -------------------------------F la t -s u m paym ent --------- --------- -------- ----------------------- ----------------------------- ------------------------Other W o r k e r s in esta b lish m en ts providing no paid vacations ------------------------------------------------ A fte r i p ay 1 0 0 99 ( 5) 1 - - ■ 95 90 5 - - - - - ■ ■ 5 99 99 - 92 89 3 - - - 1 ( 5) 8 99 90 1 0 6 m onths of se r v ic e Under 1 week ______________________________________ 1 w eek ______________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks _______________________ 2 w eeks _____________________________________________ 1 57 3 4 6 60 5 1 _ 67 3 4 _ 4 24 44 - 1 - 9 13 3 - _ 33 ( 5) _ 41 - - A fte r 1 year of se r v ic e Under 1 week ---------------------------------------------------------1 w eek ______________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ----------------------------------2 w eeks _____________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks _______________________ _ _ 16 41 ( 5) 44 ( 5) 63 - - - - 1 75 83 59 - 55 (5) 25 1 - 24 5 1 _ 83 4 9 - _ 50 - 44 5 ( 5) 53 - 35 4 A fte r 2 y e a rs of se r v ic e Under 1 w eek ---------------------------------------------------------1 w eek ---------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ----------------------------------2 w eeks _____________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks _______________________ ( 5) 1 0 5 85 1 _ 1 2 8 8 _ 4 19 77 - - _ _ ( 5) 17 ( 5) 46 4 40 5 - 82 1 _ 63 1 0 25 - _ 30 - 65 5 ( 5) 36 _ 52 4 A fte r 3 y e a rs of se r v ic e Under 1 w eek --------------------------------------------------------1 week ______________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ----------------------------------2 w eeks _____________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ----------------------------------- ( 5) 7 ( 5) 90 3 1 0 - 90 - (5) 17 (5) - 1 0 0 - - ( 5) 33 3 55 5 82 1 _ 42 7 50 - _ 4 - 91 5 ( 5) 36 - 52 4 A fte r 5 y e a rs of s e r v ic e Under 1 w eek ---------------------------------------------------------1 w eek ______________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks _______________________ 2 w eeks _____________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks _______________________ 3 w eeks _____________________________________________ See footnotes at end of tab le. (5) 3 _ _ 4 _ - - 92 3 93 92 2 - 1 3 7 ( 5) 7 (5) 1 2 - 1 74 92 1 6 2 _ _ 7 2 1 - 84 4 3 93 5 ( 5) ( 5) 23 _ 65 4 17 Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued (P erc en t d istrib u tion of o ffice and plant w o rk ers in a ll in d u strie s and in industry d iv ision s by vacatio n pay p r o v isio n s, New O rle a n s, L a . , M arch 1961) O FFICE W O RK ERS V a c a t io n p o l i c y All , industries 1 Manufacturing Public 2 utilities P L A N T W O RK ER S Retail trade Finance All 3 industries J Manufacturing 4 Public 2 utilities Retail trade Amount of vacation pay 6---- Continued A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 2 w e e k s _____________________________________ 2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s _______________________ 3 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ ............. ............ _ 4 w eeks 3 76 4 17 (5) 4 56 5 34 1 3 47 1 46 3 1 4 40 21 - - 91 - 9 - 8 91 1 1 - 12 59 15 8 1 6 51 25 14 3 2 87 5 5 12 38 11 32 2 1 6 32 14 40 2 16 5 76 23 62 4 2 " A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n der 2 w eek s _____________________________________________ 2 w eeks _________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s _______________________ 3 w eeks _______ T______________________________________ ____________________________ O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s 4 w eeks _________________________________________________________ 54 1 1 76 - 8 75 1 17 - 3 ! 23 56 4 9 4 - - 3 ( 5) - 6 2 16 5 67 A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n der 2 w eek s ______________________________________________ 2 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ____________________________ 3 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ____________________________ 4 w eeks _____________ ___________________________________________ 3 42 1 37 3 15 66 8 72 1 20 - - 14 - 4 37 21 _ - 48 1 10 12 36 8 32 1 6 30 9 40 2 12 12 36 8 22 1 16 30 9 31 2 22 23 51 4 13 - - 9 - 2 16 5 44 23 51 A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________________________________ 2 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____________________________ 3 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ____________________________ 4 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 se r v ic e 3 42 1 24 ( 5) 30 4 37 - 35 1 22 21 - 39 - 40 8 72 1 7 - 13 Includes data for w h o lesale tra d e ; finance, in su ran ce, and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . Tran sportation , com m u nication, and other public u tilitie s . Includes data for w h o lesale trade, r ea l esta te, and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . Includes p roportion s of w o r k e r s in esta b lish m en ts w hich did not p rovide paid vacations until a fter 2 or 3 y e a r s of se r v ic e . L e s s than 0. 5 p erc en t. P erio d s of se r v ic e w ere a r b itr a r ily chosen and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the individual p ro v isio n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r ex am p le, include changes in p ro v isio n s oc cu rrin g betw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . 6 - 32 7 - 6 the changes in p roportion s indicated at 10 y e a r s ' N O T E : See note on p. 14, rela tiv e to the in clu sion of r a ilr o a d s . In the tabulations of vacation allo w a nces by y e a r s o f se r v ic e , p aym ents other than "le n g th of t i m e " of annual earn ings or fla t -s u m paym en ts, w ere converted to an equivalent tim e b a s is ; for ex am p le, a paym ent of 2 p ercen t of annual earn ings w as c on sid ere d as 1 w e e k 's pay. 4 such as p ercen tage 18 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t of offic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s em ployed in esta b lish m en ts providing health, in su ra n ce , or pen sion b en efits, New O r le a n s, L a . , M arch 1961) OFFICE WORKERS Type of benefit A ll w o rk ers ------------------------------------------------------------ All industries 1 Manufacturing 100 100 6 Public , utilities 100 PLANT WORKERS Retail trade 100 Finance All . industries'5 100 Manufacturing Public 2 utilities 100 100 Retail trade 100 W o r k e r s in esta b lish m en ts providing: L ife in suran ce _________________________________ A cc id en ta l death and d ism e m b e r m e n t in su ran ce -------------------------------------------------------S ick n ess and acciden t in su ran ce or sic k le ave or b o th 4 _________________________ S ick n ess and acciden t in su ran ce _______ Sick le a v e (full pay and no w aiting period) ___________________________ Sick le ave (p artial pay or w aiting period) __________________________ H osp italization in suran ce ----------------------------S u rgical in suran ce ____________________________ M e d ical in suran ce ____________________________ C atastrop he in su ran ce ----------------------------------R e tire m e n t pen sion ----------------------------------------No h ealth, in su ran ce , or pen sion plan ___ 95 85 98 91 80 77 99 78 52 61 34 48 45 48 54 40 50 67 57 66 55 72 57 49 25 46 14 30 42 66 27 32 23 28 27 21 6 5 8 5 27 20 73 72 38 8 3 19 25 11 4 79 75 82 80 65 71 82 80 68 46 58 52 42 72 22 33 69 33 56 55 18 53 18 90 16 20 11 67 4 64 3 73 66 2 59 7 47 15 49 17 68 1 51 16 8 1 Includes data fo r w h o lesa le tra d e; fin a n ce, in su ran ce , and r e a l estate; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv ision s shown se p a r a te ly . 2 T r an sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s . 3 Includes data for w h o lesa le tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and se r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d ivisions shown se p a r a te ly . 4 Unduplicated total of w o rk ers r ec eiv in g sick le a v e or sic k n ess and accid en t in su ran ce shown se p a r a te ly b elow . S ic k -le a v e plans a re lim ite d to those w hich d efin itely e sta b lish at le a st the m in im u m num ber of d a y s’ pay that can be expected by each e m p lo y ee . In form al s ic k -le a v e allow ances d eterm in ed on an individual b a sis a r e exclu ded. NOTE: See note on p. 14, rela tiv e to the in clu sion of r a ilr o a d s . 19 A ppendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifyin g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerica l work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type of machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Biller , machine (billing machine) — Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)— Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types o f sales and credit slip s. Class A — Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B— Keeps a record o f one or more phases or section s of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of b a sic book keeping* Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or a ssist in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A — Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more section s o f a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 20 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocation s. May a ssist in preparing, ad justing and closin g journal entries; may direct cla ss B accounting clerks. Class B— Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple co st accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine account ing work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n e ce s sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. CLERK, FILE Class A — In an established filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter file s , cla ss ifie s and indexes corres pondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the file s . May per form incidental clerical duties. Class B— Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily identifiable, or loca tes or a ssists in locating material in file s . May perform incidental clerica l duties. CLERK, ORDER R eceives custom ers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled . May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi b ilities, reproduces multiple cop ies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare sten cil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon si b ilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a sp ecified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical Keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerica l work. 21 SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerica l duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in or der, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scien tific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls . May record toll calls and take m essages. May give information to per sons who ca ll in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A — Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without clo s e supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B— Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp e cific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C— Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with sp ecific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. 22 TYPIST TYPIST— Continued Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of ste n cils , mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing p rocesses. May do clerica l work involving little sp ecia l training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A — Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc- tuation, e tc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B— Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance p o licie s, e tc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. P R O F E SSIO N A L AND T E C H N IC A L DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur p oses. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-section s, e tc ., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees* injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting to o ls. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 23 M A IN T E N A N C E D PO W ERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials n ec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, d is tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may a lso supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or ch ief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded . HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing sp e cific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: *In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts ot a trade that are a lso performed by workers on a full-time basis. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and sp ecifica tion s; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and 24 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued MILLWRIGHT— Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to clo se tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his "work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright's work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassem bling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specification s for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specification s; cutting various size s of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications* In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded . 25 TOOL AND DIE MAKER PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specification s; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specification s; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assembling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . C U S T O D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte* nance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gate- men who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or prem ises.of an office, apartment house, or commercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)' A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or 26 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; trans porting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded . ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating items filled or omitted, keep records o f outgoing orders, requisi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesm en and over-the-road drivers are excluded . PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded . SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Veri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, in v oices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper de partments; maintaining necessary records and file s. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type of equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis o f trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f s iz e s listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under lVi ton s) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ■fr U .S . GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1 9 6 1 O — 594043 Occupational Wage Surveys Occupational wage surveys will be conducted in the 82 major labor markets listed below during late I960 and early 1961. Bulletins, when available, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C., or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. A summary bulletin containing data for 80 labor markets, combined with additional analysis, will be issued early in 1962. Akron, Ohio— Bull. 1285Albany—Schenectady-Troy, N.Y.— Bull. 1285-51 Albuquerque, N. Mex.— Bull. 1285Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.-N .J.— Bull. 1285-47 Atlanta, Ga.— Bull. 1285♦ Baltimore, Md.— Bull. 1285-34 Beaumont-Port Arthur, Tex.— Bull. 1285Birmingham, Ala.— Bull. 1285-53 ♦Green Bay, Wis.— Bull. 1285-2 Greenville, S.C.— Bull. 1285Houston, Tex.— Bull. 1285♦Indianapolis, Ind.— Bull. 1285-28 ♦Jackson, Miss.— Bull. 1285-42 ♦♦Jacksonville, Fia.— Bull. 1285-30 ♦Kansas City, Mo.—Kans.— Bull. 1285-18 Lawrence—Haverhill, Mass.-N.H.— Bull. 1285♦♦Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark.,— Bull. 1285-6 Boise, Idaho— Bull. 1285♦♦Boston, Mass.— Bull. 1285-15 ♦♦ Buffalo, N.Y.— Bull. 1285-31 Burlington, Vt.— Bull. 1285-57 ♦ Canton, Ohio— Bull. 1285-29 Charleston, W. Va.— Bull. 1285Charlotte, N.C.— Bull. 1285♦♦Chattanooga, Tenn.—Ga.— Bull. 1285-14 Chicago, 111.— Bull. 1285- Los Angeles—Long Beach, Calif.— Bull. 1285-52 Louisville, Ky.-Ind.— Bull. 1285*49 Lubbock, Tex.— Bull. 1285♦Manchester, N.H.— Bull. 1285-1 ♦Memphis, Tenn.— Bull. 1285-35 ♦ Miami, Fla.— Bull. 1285-33 Milwaukee, Wis.— Bull. 1285♦♦Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.— Bull. 1285-39 Muskegon-Muskegon Heights, Mich.— Bull. 1285- Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky.— Bull. 1285♦♦Cleveland, Ohio— Bull. 1285-11 ♦ ❖ Columbus, Ohio— Bull. 1285*38 ♦♦Dallas, Tex.— Bull. 1285-21 ♦♦Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—111. Bull. 1285-16 * Dayton, Ohio— Bull. 1285-41 * Denver, Colo.— Bull. 1285-27 Des Moines, Iowa— Bull. 1285-43 ♦♦Detroit, Mich.— Bull. 1285-37 **Fort Worth, Tex.— Bull. 1285-23 ♦ Newark and Jersey City, N.J.— Bull. 1285-40 New Haven, Conn.— Bull. 1285-46 New Orleans, La.— Bull. 1285-48 New York, N.Y.— Bull. 1285Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va.— Bull. 1285♦^Oklahoma City, Okla.— Bull. 1285-3 ♦♦Omaha, Nebr.—Iowa— Bull. 1285-13 Paterson—Clifton—Passaic, N.J.— Bull. 1285**Philadelphia, Pa.— Bull. 1285-24 Phoenix, Ariz.— Bull. 1285-55 Pittsburgh, Pa.— Bull. 1285-44 ♦ Portland, Maine— Bull. 1285-19 Portland, Oreg.-Wash.— Bull. 1285Providence-Pawtucket, R.I.-Mass.— Bull. 1285♦♦ Raleigh, N.C.— Bull. 1285-5 ♦Richmond, Va.— Bull. 1285-26 Rockford, 111.— Bull. 1285♦♦St. Louis, Mo.—111.— Bull. 1285-10 ♦♦Salt Lake City, Utah— Bull. 1285-32 San Antonio, Tex.— Bull. 1285♦San Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, Calif.— Bull. 1285-4 San Francisco—Oakland, Calif.— Bull. 1285*36 Savannah, Ga.— Bull. 1285♦♦Scranton, Pa.— Bull. 1285-8 ♦♦Seattle, Wash.— Bull. 1285-7 ♦♦♦Sioux Falls, S. Dak.— Bull. 1285-17 South Bend, Ind.— Bull. 1285-54 Spokane, Wash.— Bull. 1285Toledo, Ohio— Bull. 1285-50 ♦♦Trenton, N.J.— Bull. 1285-25 ♦♦Washington, D.C.—Md.-Va.— Bull. 1285-22 Waterbury, Conn.-—Bull. 1285-56 ♦ Waterloo, Iowa— Bull. 1285-20 ♦♦Wichita, Kans.— Bull. 1285-9 ♦♦Wilmington, Del.-N.J.— Bull. 1285-12 Worcester, Mass.— Bull. 1285York, Pa.— Bull. 1285-45 An asterisk preceding a labor market indicates the availability and price of the bulletin. Please do not order copies in advance. ♦ Price, 20 cents. Price, 25 ceuis. ♦♦♦Price, 15 cents.
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