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Occupational Wage Survey NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT JANUARY 1964 B u l l e t i n No. 1 3 8 5 - 3 7 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LA BO R STA TISTIC S Ewan C la gu e , Commitsioner Occupational Wage Survey NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT JA N U A R Y 19 64 B u lle t in N o. 1 3 8 5 -3 7 April 1964 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 25 cents Preface Contents Page The Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual occupational wage surveys in metropolitan areas is de signed to provide data on occupational earnings, and e s tablishment practices and supplementary wage provisions. It yields detailed data by selected industry divisions for metropolitan area labor markets, for economic regions, and for the United States. A major consideration in the program is the need for greater insight into (a) the move ment of wages by occupational category and skill level, and (b) the structure and level of wages among labor markets and industry divisions. A preliminary report and an individual area bulletin present survey results for each labor market studied. After completion of all of the individual area bulletins for a round of surveys, a two part summary bulletin is issued. The first part brings data for each of the labor markets studied into one bulletin. The second part presents information which has been projected from individual labor market data to relate to economic regions and the United States. Introduction---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------Wage trends for selected occupational groups----------------------------------------Tables: 1. 2. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied-----------------------------------------------------------Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percents of increase for selected periods__________________ 3 3 A: Occupational earnings:* A - 1. Office occupations—men and women----------------------------------A - 2. Professional and technical occupations— men and women----------------------A - 3. Office, professional, and technical occupations— men and women combined------------------A -4 . Maintenance and powerplant occupations__________________ A - 5. Custodial and material movement occupations___ -________ 8 9 10 B: Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions:* B -l. Minimum entrance salaries for womenoffice workers____ B -2 . Shift differentials----------------------------------------------------------------B -3 . Scheduled weekly hours------------------------------------------------------B -4 . Paid holidays----------------------------------------------------------------------B -5 . Paid vacations---------------------------------------------------------------------B -6 . Health, insurance, and pension plans_____________________ B -7 . Paid sick leave--------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 Appendix: Occupational descriptions------------------------------------------------------- 19 Eighty-two labor markets currently are included in the program. Information on occupational earnings is collected annually in each area. Information on establish ment practices and supplementary wage provisions is obtained biennially in most of the areas. This bulletin presents results of the survey in New Haven, Conn. , in January 1964. It was prepared in the Bureau's regional office in Boston, Mass. , by Leo Epstein, under the direction of Paul V. Mulkern, Assistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. 1 4 *NOTE: Similar tabulations are available for other areas. (See inside back cover.) Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels in the New Haven area, are also available for building construction, printing, local-transit operating employees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. ill 5 7 O ccu p a tion a l W age S u rv ey—New H aven, C onn. Introduction as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U. S. De partment of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings aiid related wage benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bureau field economists to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employ ment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabu lations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which riieet publication criteria. Differences in pay levels for selected occupations in which both men and women are commonly employed may be due to such factors as (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among in dustries and establishments; (2) differences in length of service or merit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis; and (3) differences in specific duties performed, although the occu pations are appropriately classified within the same survey job de scription. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual establishments. This allows for minor differences among establish ments in specific duties performed. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. E s timates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differ ences in occupational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earnings data. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material move ment. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment variation in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study are listed and described in the appendix. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described are not presented in the A -series tables because either (1) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possi bility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions, Information is presented (in the B -series tables) on selected establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions as they relate to office and plant workers. Administrative, executive, and professional employees, and force-account construction workers who are utilized as a separate work force are excluded. "Office workers" include working supervisors and nonsupervisory workers performing clerical or related functions. "Plant workers" include working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) en gaged in nonoffice functions. Cafeteria workers and routemen are excluded in manufacturing industries, but included in nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude pre mium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, Minimum entrance salaries (table B -l) relate only to the e s tablishments visited. They are presented in terms of establishments with formal minimum entrance salary policies. I 2 Shift differential data (table B-2) are limited to plant workers in manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in terms of (a) establishment p olicy ,1 presented in terms of total plant worker employment, and (b) effective practice, presented in terms of workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority, the classification "other” was used. In establishments in which some late-shift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours. The scheduled weekly hours (table B-3) of a majority of the first-shift workers in an establishment are tabulated as applying to all of the plant or office workers of that establishment. Paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B -4 through B-7) are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a majority of such workers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Sums of individual items in tables B -2 through B -7 may not equal totals because of rounding. Data on paid holidays (table B-4) are limited to data on holidays granted annually on a formal basis; i. e. , (1) are provided for in written form, or (2) have been established by custom. Holidays ordinarily granted are included even though they may fall on a non workday, even if the worker is not granted another day off. The first part of the paid holidays table presents the number of whole and half holidays actually granted. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday time. The summary of vacation plans (table B-5) is limited to formal policies, excluding informal arrangements whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer. Separate estimates are provided according to employer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earnings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation pay, payments not on a time basis were converted to a time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equivalent of 1 week's pay. An establishment was considered as having a p olicy if it m et either o f the following conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time o f the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1 ) had operated late shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating late shifts. Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B -6 and B-7) for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen's compensation, social security, and railroad retirement. Such plans include those underwritten by a commercial insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of insurance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em ployer contributions,2 plans are included only if the employer (1) con tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans 3 which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work because of illness. Separate tabulations are presented according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans which provide either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by com mercial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured. Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the worker's life. 2 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require em ployer contributions. 3 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the minimum number o f days o f sick leave that could be expected by each em ployee. Such a plan need not be written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded. T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m ber stu died in N ew H aven, C on n ., 1 b y m a jo r in d u s tr y d iv is io n , 2 J an u ary 1964 M in im u m e m p lo y m e n t in e s t a b lis h m ents in s c o p e o f study In d u stry d iv is io n N um ber o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts W ithin scope of study 3 W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts W ithin s c o p e o f study Studied Studied O ffic e T o ta l 4 Plant T otal 4 ... _ 262 96 60, 700 12, 200 3 7 ,1 0 0 4 1 ,4 7 0 M a n u fa ctu rin g N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g __ _ __ . . . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s 5. . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ W h o le s a le t r a d e . _ R e ta il tr a d e _ F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l estate_„___________________ S e r v i c e s 8-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 - 146 116 46 50 3 7 ,0 0 0 2 3 ,7 0 0 4, 500 7, 700 2 6 ,5 0 0 1 0 ,6 0 0 2 4 ,2 6 0 17 ,2 1 0 50 50 50 50 50 16 23 34 24 19 12 8 10 11 9 10, 2, 4, 4, 2, 3, 200 A ll d i v i s i o n s . __ . . . __ . . . . . . 200 300 300 600 300 4, 700 (*) (6 ) 0 (?) 0 ( 6) 0 (6 ) 9, 880 860 2, 160 2 ,9 9 0 1 ,3 2 0 1 T he N ew H aven S tan d ard M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tica l A r e a c o n s is t s o f the c it y o f New H aven; and the tow n s o f B r a n fo r d , E a st H aven, G u ilfo rd , H am den, N orth H aven, O ra n g e, W est H aven, and W o o d b r id g e , in N ew H aven County. The " w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f stu d y" e s tim a te s show n in th is ta b le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t io n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in the s u r v e y . T h e e s tim a te s a r e not intended, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s f o r the a r e a to m e a s u r e em p lo y m e n t tren d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) plan n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u se o f e s ta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in ad va n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu died, and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e ex clu d ed fr o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 T he 1957 r e v i s e d e d itio n o f the Standard In d u strial C la s s ific a t io n M anual w a s u s e d in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n . 3 In c lu d e s a ll e s ta b lis h m e n t s w ith total e m p lo y m e n t at or a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll o u tle ts (w ithin the a r e a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in such in d u s tr ie s as tr a d e , fin a n c e , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ic tu r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e sta b lish m e n t. 4 In clu d es e x e c u t iv e , p r o f e s s io n a l, and o th e r w o r k e r s e x c lu d e d f r o m the s e p a r a te o f fi c e and plant c a t e g o r ie s . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v i c e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r tra n s p o rta tio n w e r e e x clu d e d . 6 T h is in d u s tr y d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s tim a te s f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s , and f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s . S ep a ra te p re s e n ta tio n of data f o r th is d iv is io n is n ot m ad e f o r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m e n t in the d iv is io n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it s e p a r a te study, (2) the sa m p le w as not d e s ig n e d in it ia lly to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequ ate to p e r m it se p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d i s c lo s u r e of in divid u al e s t a b lis h m en t data. 7 W o r k e r s f r o m th is e n t ir e in d u stry d iv is io n a r e re p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s f o r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , but f r o m the r e a l esta te p o r tio n on ly in e s t im a t e s f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s . S eparate p r e s e n ta tio n o f data f o r th is d iv is io n is not m ade f o r on e o r m o r e o f the r e a s o n s g iv en in fo o tn o te 6 a b ov e. 8 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; au to m o b ile r e p a ir s h o p s ; m o tio n p ic t u r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ; and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s . T a ble 2. In dexes o f stan dard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t-t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p s , and p e r c e n t s o f in c r e a s e f o r s e le c t e d p e r io d s , N ew H aven, Conn. Index (F e b r u a r y 1961*100) In du stry and o ccu p a tio n a l group J an u ary 1964 P e r c e n t s o f in c r e a s e J a n u a ry 1963 to J an u ary 1964 Ja n u a ry 1962 to J a n u a ry 1963 F e b r u a r y 1961 to J a n u a ry 1962 F e b r u a r y I960 to F e b r u a r y 1961 A ll in d u s t r ie s : O ffic e c le r i c a l (m en and w om en ) ____ __ In d u stria l n u r s e s (m en and w o m e n )_____ __ S k ille d m a in ten an ce (m e n )__ ___ __ ___________ U n sk ille d plant (m e n ).. ____ _ ________ 106.5 108.4 108.3 109.4 3.3 1.0 3.2 4.6 2.4 3.5 2.4 3.8 0.7 3.7 2.5 .8 3.4 3.8 4.4 .8 M a n u fa c tu r in g : O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m en and w o m e n )_____ __ In d u stria l n u r s e s (m en and w o m e n )_______ S k ille d m a in ten an ce (m e n )___________________ U n sk ille d plant (m en )--------------------------------------- 108.8 107.0 107.8 112.7 5.3 1.5 3.4 7.4 1.3 1.5 2.2 2.3 2.0 3.7 1.9 2.6 3.4 3.3 4.1 2.2 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table 2 are indexes and percentages of change in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the per centages of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in average straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and in clude most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on men and women in the following 19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerks, accounting, class A and B; clerks, file, class A , B, and C; clerks, order; clerks, payroll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B; office boys and girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenogra phers, senior; switchboard operators; tabulating-machine operators, class B; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on men and women industrial nurses. Men in the following 8 skilled maintenance jobs and 2 unskilled jobs are included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; m e chanics; mechanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers, material handling. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by employment in each of the jobs during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the group aggregate for the one year to the aggregate for the other year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is the percentage of change from the one period to the other. The indexes were computed by multiplying the ratios for each group aggregate for each period after the base year (1961). The indexes and percentages of change measure, principally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force resulting from labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and lower the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. Similarly, the movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other establishments in the area. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effect of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. The percentages of change reflect only changes in average pay for straight-time hours. They are not influenced by changes in standard work schedules, as such, or by premium pay for overtime. A: Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, New Haven, Conn., January 1964) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division C lerks, accounting, cla ss . Manufacturing---------------C lerks, accounting, cla ss B _ C lerks, ord er.. Manufacturing----------O ffice boys— Manufacturing— Nonmanufacturing— Number of Weekly hours 1 (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $45 Weekly earnings 1 a n d (Standard) u n d e r $50 12 1 36 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 $ 1 1 3 .0 0 1 1 9 .5 0 72 3 9 .5 1 0 6 .0 0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 1 6 .0 0 1 1 7 .0 0 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .0 6 5 .5 0 5 6 .5 0 6 9 .5 0 59 -------- 5 T ~ 72 23 49 - $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 over - - “ 1 1 1 - “ 3 2 - 6 4 6 2 17 2 6 6 2 2 - 2 2 _ _ 4 1 4 6 5 40 _ . . . 2 2 and 38 24 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 1 1 7 .0 0 1 2 0 .5 0 Tabulating-m achine operators, cla ss B------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing— 41 32 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 9 3 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 30 3 7 .5 3 7 .5 Tabulating-m achine op erators, cla ss C Nonmanufacturing— 30 7 6 2 2 _ 2 6 4 _ _ 12 8 5 5 2 2 . 3 1 _ _ _ . . . _ . . - - - - - 1 - 6 6 4 4 2 2 7 2 5 11 2 3 1 2 10 2 8 4 2 2 . 8 2 2 1 8 2 2 1 4 2 . - 4 2 2 2 1 1 8 6 6 4 5 4 6 4 15 15 - 1 1 4 % 2 2 2 2 5 4 _ - 24 14 10 9 Tabulating-m achine operators, Nonmanufacturing----------------- 1 1 _ - _ 13 4 54 2 - 6 7 .5 0 — 6 7.5T T ' ' 2 4 2 2 - - 6 b 8 8 7 8 7 2 2 7 2 2 3 - 2 2 1 1 . 1 11 11 12 12 5 1 4 2 1 1 . . - 2 “ T ~ l 1 - . . - - - - _ _ _ - - - 1 1 4 4 " . . _ . Women B illers, m achine (billing m ach in e)-------- 38 3 9 .5 7 4 .0 0 B illers, machine (bookkeeping m achine)------------------------------------------------ 23 3 8 .5 7 0 .0 0 Bookkeeping-m achine operators, clas s A--------------------------------------------------- 30 3 7 .5 8 0 .0 0 Bookkeeping-m achine operators, cla ss B--------------------------------------------------Manufacturing— 98 37 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 6 2 .5 0 S O o C lerks, accounting, cla ss A— Manufacturing-------------------Nonmanufacturing------------- 209 62 147 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 C lerks, accounting, cla ss B------------------ManufacturingNonmanufacturing. Public utilities 2 - 257 87 170 41 C lerks, file, cla ss B_ Nonmanufacturing--------------C lerks, file, cla ss C . Nonmanufacturing— C lerks, o r d e r Manufacturing— See footnotes at end o f table. 6 4 1 1 - - 7 2 5 9 2 7 40 - 47 2 45 5 38 13 25 31 25 6 9 - 29 2 1 8 2 11 11 12 12 3 2 11 8 13 13 2 2 3 3 8 4 23 3 _ _ _ - - - 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 7 5 .5 0 8 3 .5 0 7 1 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 _ _ 11 4 7 12 1 11 1 40 7 85 67 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 6 3 .5 0 6 3 .5 0 7 5 23 34 19 124 115 3 8 .0 3 8 .0 5 9 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 6 6 38 33 41 41 76 43 3 9 .5 4 0 .b 8 6 .5 0 9 5 .0 b 3 1 _ 12 3 3 _ - 11 7 _ _ 6 5 5 9 9 6 .0 0 8 b .00 9 9 .5 0 - 3 11 13 6 30 1 _ 10 3 - 26 - _ 4 2 4 4 4 1 1 23 1$ 8 33 14 19 11 8 10 - 19 22 10 12 3 8 5 3 3 11 7 4 2 18 12 6 2 9 9 7 4 2 2 2 7 6 _ _ 9 9 6 3 4 4 “ 10 2? 5 24 44 8 36 30 - 1 1 30 2 2 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . - _ . _ 4 4 6 6 _ . - _ _ _ _ 6 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, New Haven, Conn. , January 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Sex, occupation, and industry division Weekly hours * (Standard) Weekly earnings 1 (Standard) $45 $50 and under $50 $55 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 26 16 10 23 20 3 29 29. 24 5 5 37____y_ 17 11 5____ 12. 5 12 2____ 3 $85 $90 $95 $1 0 0 120_ J&5_ $ 1 0 0 $105 $1 1 0 $105 $11 0 $115 $120 $115 $ 1 2 0 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 and $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 Women——C ontinued C lerks, p a y r o ll_________________ Manufacturing________________ Nonmanufacturing-----------------Public utilities 2---------------- 176 117 59 31 39. 39. 38. 38. 0 5 0 0 $81.00 80. 50 81. 50 86. 50 1______3 1 Com ptom eter operators______ Manufacturing_____________ Nonmanufacturing--------------- 89 30 59 39. 5 40. 0 39. 5 85. 00 81.50 86.50 Keypunch op erators, class A . Manufacturing--------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------- 112 42 70 39. 5 39. 5 39. 0 83. 00 78. 50 85. 50 Keypunch op erators, class B. Manufacturing_____________ Nonmanufacturing_________ 149 43 106 38.0 40.0 37. 5 72.00 73.00 71.50 2 11 2 11 50 36 39.5 39.5 63. 00 64.00 6 2 S e c r e ta r ie s ---------------Manufacturing-------Nonmanufacturing— Public utilities 2 604 346 258 80 39.0 40. 0 38. 0 39. 0 94. 00 93. 50 94. 50 Stenographers, ge n e ra l_____ Manufacturing------------- —— Nonmanufacturing------------Public utilities 2----------- 323 138 185 99 38. 5 39. 5 38.0 39. 0 80.00 81. 50 79.00 Stenographers, senior. Manufacturing--------Nonmanufactur ing— 124 70 54 39. 0 40. 0 37. 5 82. 50 81. 50 84. 00 73 57 39.0 38. 5 78.00 77.50 128 84 44 39.5 39. 5 39. 0 75. 50 75. 50 75. 50 Tabulating-m achine operators, cla ss B---------------------------------------- 28 39.5 97.00 T ran scribing-m achine operators, g e n e r a l--------------------------------------Manufacturing--------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------- 115 45 70 38. 5 39. 5 38. 5 72.00 73. 50 71.00 T ypists, class A ----------Manufacturing----------Nonmanufacturing----- 238 117 121 38. 5 39.5 38.0 75. 50 76. 50 74. 50 Typists, cla ss B ______ Manufacturing---------Nonmanufacturing---- 454 164 290 38. 5 40.0 37. 5 65.00 69.00 62. 50 O ffice g i r ls _________ Nonmanufacturing. Switchboard op erators— Nonmanufacturing----Switchboard op erator-receptionists Manufacturing----------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------------------- - 3 ___ 1_ 6 1 6 1 18 ____3. 4 1 14 2 6 _29___ 22 28____29. 5 10 8 10 8 19 14 18 21 26 ____4 _ ___2 24 l_____6 23 1 13 10 6 112.00 8 6 . 00 32 8 24 9 2_ 2 _5_ 5 5_ 5 _8 4 4 6 _29_ 22 7 4 9 2 9 1 j4___n_ _9_ 20 45 13 32 11 5 1 4 7_ 3 4 13 2 20 - 15 .9____ L1_____ 2 5 7 2 6 2 33 33 l 1 - 4_ 2 2 16 2 14 11 22 16 6 4 23 14 9 31 24 7 24 21 3 14 ___ 7_ 8 3 15____30. 9 21 6 9 1 0 ___ 24. 12 16 18 8 11 8 11_____ 22 . 7 4 4 _30___ 36. 9 9 21 27 12____47. 21 29 18 18 33 25 44 25 19 30 25 5 29 76 23 46 43 23 20 5 17 15 1 ____ 4 1 3 3 6 ____ 12 . 6 11 18 27 15 26 12 20 5 14 6 21 4 17 17 1 ____ l 3 2_ 2 1 7_ 5 4_____l 4 1 10 3_ 2 1 18 2___ 17. 2 9 23____21_ 14 6 9 15 21 2 4 56 30 26 7 106 28 19 9 9 __ 6_ 1 3 6 10 14 1 1 2 12 - 3 33 18 15 10 A3. - 63 45 18 20 12 8 2 ___3____ l 26____60. 5 25 21 35 6 47 23 24 7 2 1 _5_ 5 12____17_ 26 15 5 15 4 7 1 15 15 11 3_ 1 1 1 2 2_____4 _ ___ _____ 2____ 2 _4 2 2 3_____2 ___ 2 3 1 2 _5_ 4 7____ 3 _ ___ 6 6 3 4 10___ 15. 7 7 3 8 20 8 8 20 _8 13 7 6 2 1 ___ 6_ 1 2 6 _5_ 5 _ 8_____2 4 4 2 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 Transportation, com munication, and other public utilities. _6_ 4 2 1 1 10 10 7 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and W omen (Average straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, New Haven, Conn., January 1964) A verage Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number of Weekly (Standard) Weekly f (Standard) $65 $60 and under $65 $70 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 $165 $170 $175 $180 and $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 $165 $170 $175 $180 over Men D raftsm en, le a d e r ________________________ M a n u fa rt n r in g 69 63 40.0 40.0 $155.00 160.00 D raftsm en, s e n io r ------------------------------------M anufacturing---------------------------------------- 140 127 40.0 40.0 124.50 126.00 - D raftsm en, ju n io r _______ _ — _______ 116 40.0 92.50 4 N urses, industrial (re g is te r e d )__ ____ 53 41 39.5 40.0 102.50 99.00 3 1 3 3 . “ 3 4 3 " 1 1 7 7 13 13 7 7 35 34 15 6 59 2 9 5 1 6 1 1 6 5 10 7 11 11 9 9 3 3 1 1 1 6 4 24 24 8 8 1 19 17 15 14 1 13 13 2 1 - 2 2 1 W om en M a n n fa r t n r in g 1 8 2 1 1 1 1 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for which em ployees r e c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings co rre sp o n d to these w eekly hours. 1 1 1 13 13 8 8 5 5 7 7 2 2 ! 6 6 j 1 - 8 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—-Men and Women Combined (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , New Haven, Conn. , January 1964) T O ccupation and industry d ivision Number of Average weekly earnings 1 (Standard) O ccupation and industry division Number of earnings * (Standard) 44 25 $115.50 120.00 82.50 78.50 84.50 Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B -----_ _ N onm anufacturing__________________________________ 69 56 94.50 96.00 154 45 109 72.50 74.50 72.00 Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s C --------------------N onm anufacturing----------------------------------------------------- 126 123 77.50 77.50 O ffice boys and g irls. M anufacturing-----Nonmanufacturing. 122 37 85 64.50 57.50 67.00 T ra n scrib in g-m a ch in e o p e ra to rs , g e n e r a l------ ---Manufac tur i ng----- ------------- ------------ ------———-----------Nonm anufacturing----------------------------------------------------- 115 45 70 72.00 73.50 71.00 T yp ists, cla ss A — — — — . __ M anufacturing----------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing------ — --------------------------- — — 246 120 126 76.50 77.00 76.00 T ypists, c la s s B M anufacturing----------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------------------------- 454 164 290 65.00 69.00 62.50 D raftsm en, le a d e r --------------- -------- -------------------------- -— M anufacturing----------------------------------------------------------- 69 ------ 63 155.00 160.00 D raftsm en, s en ior___— . — ------- ------- ------ . — M anufacturing----------------------------------------------------------- 140 127 124.50 126.00 D raftsm en, junior —______---- --------- ----- ---------- —__ — 116 92.50 N urses, industrial (r e g is te r e d )___ ____ ___ — ___ M anufacturing----------------------------------------------------------- 55 43 103.50 100.00 89 30 59 $85.00 81.50 86.50 Keypunch o p e ra to rs , c la s s A. M anufacturing-------------------Nonm anufacturing-------------- 116 42 74 Keypunch o p e ra to rs , cla s s B. M anufacturing-------------------N onm anufacturing-------------- 43 $77.50 B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine)— 24 71.00 I Bookkeeping-m ach ine op e ra to rs, c la s s A. 32 80.50 1 Bookkeeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs, cla s s B. M anufacturing.—--------——------------------------ 98 37 62.50 68.50 330 C le rk s , accounting, cla s s A— M anufacturing---------------------N onm anufacturing—. ----—— ~98 232 102.50 99.50 103.50 C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B. M anufacturing------------------N onm anufacturing------------Pu blic u tilities 2---------- 329 123 206 42 82.00 91.50 76.50 81.00 S e cre ta rie s ------------ -— M anufacturing-------Nonm anufacturing— Public u tilities 2 612 346 266 88 94.50 93.50 95.50 113.50 C lerk s, file , c la s s B N onm anufacturing. 85 T7 63.50 63.50 Stenographers, g e n e ra l-. M anufacturing------------Nonm anufacturing-----Pu blic u tilities 2__ 327 142 185 99 80.50 62.50 79.00 86.00 C le rk s , file , c la s s C N onm anufacturing. 126 117 59.00 59.00 Stenographers, senior. M anufacturing--------Nonm anufacturing— 126 72 54 83.00 82.50 84.00 Sw itchboard operators. Nonm anufacturing— 73 57 78.00 77.50 128 84 44 75.50 75.50 75.50 C lerk s , o r d e r ----M anufacturing. C le r k s , p a y roll--------M anufacturing------N onm anufacturing. Pu blic u tilities 98 107.50 182 122 60 32 81.50 81.50 82.00 87.00 Sw itchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n ists M anufacturing------------------------------Nonm anufacturing------------------------ Earnings rela te to regu lar stra igh t-tim e w eekly s a la rie s that are paid fo r standard w orkw eeks. Tran sportation, com m u nication, and other public u tilities. earnings1 (Standard) Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s A --------------------N onm anufacturing----------------------------------------------------- C om ptom eter o p e r a to r s --------M anufacturing-------------------Nonm anufacturing-------------- B ille r s , m achine (billin g m a ch in e )----------- Number of O ffice occupations— Continued O ffice occupations— Continued O ffice occupations O ccupation and industry d iv ision P rofes s ion a l and tech n ica l occupations 9 Table A -4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-tim e hourly earnings fo r m en in s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, New Haven, Conn., January 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— of worked O ccupation and industry d ivision hourly . earning*1 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $ 2 .3 (f $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 and _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ - $3.20 $3.30 $3,40 $3.50 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 - _ _ - - - - - 14 14 6 6 1 1 7 7 1 1 16 3 4 4 1 1 10 10 5 4 12 12 2 - 4 4 - ~ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - 7 7 23 22 17 16 40 39 18 18 _ - 28 28 _ * 10 10 _ - 12 12 1 - 2 2 - - ~ 2.78 2.81 2.69 _ - _ 3 3 . - - _ - 7 7 - 8 8 - 3 2 21 21 - 14 3 11 13 1 12 40 38 2 - - - - 1 9 8 1 3 3 - 10 10 - 2.37 2.37 2 2 _ 8 8 7 6 9 9 5 5 8 8 20 17 " 2 - _ - 8 8 _ Manuf actur ing______________ _— -----------. . . ------- 88 82 - 5 5 9 9 1 1 4 4 H elpers, m aintenance tr a d e s___________________ Nonm anufacturing 75 21 2.43 2.63 2 - 4 - 2 - 3 - 5 - 2 - 19 3 21 3 12 11 3 2 _ 2 2 . . - M a ch in e-tool o p e ra to rs , to o lr o o m M anufacturing _ 66 66 2.61 2.61 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 3 3 _ - 44 44 _ - 12 12 M achinists, m a in ten an ce---------------— —----------- — Manuf actur ing-------- .--------------------— ------— ------Nonm anufacturing P u blic u t ilit ie s 2 . 240 180 60 60 2.78 2.74 2.90 2.90 M echanics, autom otive (m aintenance) —— Nonmanuf actur ing_________________ ___ ___ — — P u blic u tilities 2 ------—--- -------- ----------------- — 170 157 133 2.94 2.93 2.94 M echanics, m aintenance. M anufacturing_____________________ __________ - 223 200 2.93 2.94 - 74 74 2.79 2.79 65 65 2.27 2.27 P a in ters, m aintenance -------------------------------. . . . . . . M anufacturing - — 31 22 P ip e fitte rs , m ain ten an ce__________________ _____ M anufacturing-------------------------------------------------S h eet-m etal w o rk e rs , m aintenance— C a rp enters, m aintenance M anufacturing . — E le c tr ic ia n s , m a in ten a n ce. M anufacturing E n gin eers, stationary M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing - _ - M illw rights M anufacturing O ile r s . . M anufacturing . T o o l and die m akers M anufacturing . ._ . _. — _ _. . . — . . . 83 67 $2.60 2.58 158 154 2.90 2.90 131 101 30 _ - - 1 1 12 12 - - - - - - - - - _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ ~ - " - ~ - - - 7 7 4 4 4 4 2.64 2.55 _ _ _ _ - - - 4 4 94 94 2.90 2.90 _ _ _ _ " 23 2.89 _ _ 192 192 2.98 2.98 _ _ - - 9 9 - 36 36 - 8 8 - 18 18 - 51 20 31 31 20 13 7 7 38 26 12 12 12 12 - _ - _ - _ - 1 1 4 - 15 15 6 24 24 22 26 25 25 39 39 39 3 3 _ _ 10 10 18 18 22 22 31 18 15 14 _ - 5 5 2 2 8 8 5 5 6 5 - 13 13 13 13 10 10 3 3 24 24 2 2 6 6 l 1 1 1 _ 3 5 _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ - “ . ~ " _ 5 5 1 1 - - 6 6 6 - - 5 5 and late shifts. - - - _ - - - J_ _ _ _ _ _ E xcludes prem iu m pay fo r overtim e and for w ork on weekends, holidays, T ran sp ortation, com m u nication, and other public utilities. - _ - 2 2 2 28 26 2 2 - 16 16 14 24 20 10 14 10 10 7 7 7 _ - _ - 61 61 35 26 10 10 4 4 _ “ 14 14 3 3 1 1 14 14 10 10 - - - - - - - 2 1 7 4 1 _ 1 _ - 23 31 31 2 2 8 8 _ 23 7 7 2 _ - 3 3 - 3 3 13 13 7 7 _ 2 _ _ 4 6 2 2 4 3 3 11 19 19 12 12 17 17 46 46 47 47 7 7 - - - - _ _ _ - - _ _ 20 20 10 10 10 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry div isio n , New Haven, Conn. , January 1964) |Invnh|f of workers O ccupation 1*and industry d ivision hourly , earnings Guards and w a tch m e n __________________________ M anufacturing. ___ __ __ . __ ______ G u a rd s____________________________________ W atchm en------------------------------------------------- 255 119 79 40 J an itors, p o r t e r s , and cle a n e rs (m e n )________ M anufacturing _ ___________________________ N onm anufacturing______ ______ ______ __ P u blic u t ilit ie s 3___ __ ______ . __ 769 299 470 77 1.77 2. 06 1. 60 2. 14 Ja n itors, p o r t e r s , and cle a n e rs (wom en)_____ N onm anufacturing.. . ________ _ . . ____ 44 26 1. 82 1. 74 L a b o r e r s , m aterial handling ._ ___ __ ____ M anufacturing.. __ . __________ . . . . Nonm anufacturing____ ______________ _. __ P u blic u tilities 3................................. 739 474 O rd er fille r s ._ ._ _____________ ____ M anufacturing- ___ _ _______ _____________ Nonm anufacturing..__ ____________ _____ 162 72 90 P a c k e r s , shipping (mfcn)------------- -------------------M anufacturing____ -_____ _____ ________ P a c k e r s , shipping (wom en) _ __ ____ ____ $1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 265 160 78 21 27 09 18 17 20 61 2. 31 “ 2. 42“ 2. 23 2. 20 2.23 177 — rn — 84 1.69 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— $1. 10 $1. 20 $1. 30 $1. 40 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1.90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2.40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 under $1. 20 $1. 30 $1. 40 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $ 2.00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 _ 4 4 _ _ . _ _ _ 2. 27 T . W~ 114 - _ - 1, - 2 - 4 - 2 2 2 23 23 15 8 11 11 25 6 19 - 147 7 140 4 4 53 1 52 - 90 18 72 1 60 12 48 4 75 48 27 6 25 14 11 - 1 - 2 - - 11 9 3 3 . 1 1 29 7 22 _ - 37 37 - 38 22 16 _ _ 4 5 5 5 . 5 _ 3 4 3 2 22 2 2 1 1 19 19 7 7 2 1 1 15 12 3 1 7 9 2 2 2 10 4 5 5 _ 4 4 _ 2 2 _ " _ " - - _ . - - - - T r u c k d r iv e r s 4____ __ _ ____ _ _ _____ — M anufacturing . ____ _— --------— _ Nonm anufacturing ______ ______________ P u blic u tilities 3 . . . _______________________ 943 246 697 371 2. 65 2.41 2. 74 2.95 T r u c k d riv e r s , light (under IV 2 tons)_______ N onm anufacturing..___________ ___ ___ 133 109 2. 07 2. 08 _ . - _ _ - _ . - _ _ - T r u c k d riv e r s , heavy (o v e r 4 to n s, tr a ile r ty p e )___ __________________________ M anufacturing.. —-------- --------------- - N onm anufacturing... _____ ______ 343 65 278 2. 83 “ 2762“ 2. 88 - - - - T r u c k d riv e r s , heavy (o v e r 4 ton s, other than tr a ile r type)— > _ ---- — _ .... M anufacturing— _ j ____________ — . . . . N onm anufacturing.____________ P u blic u tilities 3____________ __ ------ 220 116 104 29 2. 57 2. 44 2. 71 2.45 - _ - - - - - 246 -----2T3 _ - T r u c k e r s , pow er (fork lift) _ . — ----------------M anufacturing ______ _______ — ___ - ... " . " - - - . " T ru ck e rs , pow er (other than fo rk lift)--------------M anufacturing. ____ . ________— ---------- 87 84 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " " ~ ■ " " - 11 - 53 21 32 32 3 1 1 44 24 20 20 1 - 5 5 93 93 15 15 21 21 31 29 2 2 11 9 2 1 - 5 5 5 5 28 28 - 20 12 12 ■ 43 2 41 41 12 12 6 6 _ 28 28 24 2 22 22 . 2 2 _ 3 3 - - - - 2 2 . _ - 3 - 1 1 2 2 6 6 . - 23 21 3 2 13 13 4 4 62 42 20 16 73 12 61 58 107 59 48 9 1 - 51 45 _ . 8 8 26 — IE ~ 26 26 - _ . " - _ - _ - 3 2 _ - - - - " 2 - 8 4 2 2 2 2 - 2 - - 2 " 2 " 76 76 2 “ 343 343 242 2 2 3 3 - 4 4 - 50 50 - 36 36 36 1 - 3 3 - _ - _ 17 7 10 - 12 12 2 21 6 15 1 25 7 18 2 31 8 23 1 64 12 52 3 2 2 - 15 8 10 10 15 15 24 18 11 10 - - - - - - - - - " - 12 12 1 1 - 9 8 1 " 44 44 247 247 _ " 30 30 ■ - - 7 ----- 5 1 1 3 3 3 - - 6 6 6 6 - - 1 1 1 42 26 16 16 19 19 80 64 11 8 30 30 12 12 19 19 8 14 14 86 48 38 " 14 2 - 19 19 “ 21 11 3 3 2 2 “ 1 1 4 4 ' 1 1 20 20 ■ “ “ “ 1 1 7 7 27 27 15 12 - - - - - - “ ‘ 32 32 - “ " ' Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs except w here otherw ise indicated. Excludes prem iuzh pay fo r ov e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olid ays, and late shifts. T ran sp ortation, com m u nication, and other public u tilitie s. Includes all d r iv e r s r e g a rd le s s o f s ize and type o f truck operated. 11 5 2 3 1 - 1 z 3 4 8 8 30 21 21 - _ 2. 40 2. 40 . 24 24 - _ 2 2 28 28 _ 2. 29 1726“ - 21 21 7 7 _ ” - 4 4 11 10 1 - - 12 8 4 4 _ 1 1 38 38 2. 46 2739 7 7 168 87 81 79 2 26 19 7 5 _ 5 5 - 4 4 61 50 _ 10 10 10 10 24 24 27 27 _ - __ _______ ------- — ---- - _ - 74 68 6 - Shipping and receiv in g cle rk s M anufacturing- ----- 1------------- _ 2 - 42 30 12 - 2. 37 2. 31 _ 1 1 2 - 72 60 _ 5 2 66 59 7 7 5 - Shipping c le r k s _______ __________________________ M anufacturing . ____ _ . . ___ - 16 12 4 4 64 58 6 3 57 ------ 43 - 6 6 6 43 42 29 13 _ _. . . — __ ____ R eceivin g c le r k s _____ _ _________ M anufacturing. . . . _______ 17 17 17 - 12 9 3 3 5 $ 4 31 29 2 2 3 42 12 30 2 . and over - 13 iy 5 5 . 32 30 " - - ' B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions 11 Table B-l. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (D is trib u tio n o f e sta b lish m e n ts stu died in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y m in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r y f o r s e le c t e d c a t e g o r ie s o f in e x p e r ie n c e d w o m e n o f fic e w o r k e r s , New H aven, G o n n ., Jan uary 1964) I n e x p e r ie n c e d ty p ists M anufacturin g M in im u m w e e k ly s t r a ig h t-t im e s a l a r y 1 O th er in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 M anufacturin g N onm anufacturing B a se d on stan dard w eek ly h ou rs 3 of— All in d u strie s A ll s ch e d u le s A ll sch e d u le s 40 37Vz A ll in d u s tr ie s A ll s ch e d u le s 40 N onm anufacturing B a s e d on stan dard w eek ly h ou rs 3 o f— A ll s ch e d u le s 40 37Vz 40 E s ta b lis h m e n ts studied. 96 46 XXX 50 XXX XXX 96 46 XXX 50 XXX XXX E s ta b lis h m e n ts havin g a s p e c ifie d m in im u m — 8 8 42 18 15 24 9 7 _ _ 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 16 3 6 2 3 2 _ 7 _ 5 - - 3 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 2 9 3 3 1 1 1 _ 3 1 1 1 1 1 _ 2 1 1 _ l 1 _ _ _ - - 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - 2 - 2 47 22 19 25 u n d er $ 5 0 .0 0 --------------------------------u n d er $52 . 50--------------------------------u n d er $ 5 5 .0 0 --------------------------------u n d er $57. 50--------------------------------u n d er $60. 00--------------------------------u n d er $ 6 2 .5 0 --------------------------------u n d er $65. 0 0 --------------------------------u n d er $67. 50--------------------------------u n d er $ 7 0 .0 0 --------------------------------u n d er $ 7 2 .5 0 --------------------------------u n d er $75. 00--------------------------------u n d er $77. 50--------------------------------o v e r ----------------------------------------------- 2 14 6 6 2 7 1 _ _ 6 > 4 1 5 6 _ 2 1 5 - - 2 8 6 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 2 _ _ _ - 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - E s ta b lis h m e n ts havin g no s p e c ifie d m in im u m . 12 6 E s ta b lis h m e n ts w h ich did not e m p lo y w o r k e r s in th is c a t e g o r y ------ --------------------------------------------- 37 18 $ 4 7 .5 0 $50. 00 $ 5 2 .5 0 $55. 00 $57. 50 $ 6 0 .0 0 $62 . 50 $65. 00 $ 6 7 .5 0 $70. 00 $72. 50 $75. 00 $77. 50 and and and and and and and and and and and and and - 1 - - - - - 2 - 2 1 2 1 1 3 XXX 6 XXX XXX 19 9 XXX 10 XXX XXX XXX 19 XXX XXX 35 19 XXX 16 XXX XXX 1 T h e se s a la r ie s r e la te to fo r m a l l y e s ta b lis h e d m in im u m startin g (h irin g ) r e g u la r s t r a ig h t-t im e s a la r ie s that a r e paid f o r stan d ard w o rk w e e k s . 2 E x clu d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r ic a l jo b s su ch as m e s s e n g e r o r o f fi c e g ir l. 3 D ata a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll stan d ard w o rk w eek s com b in ed , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n sta n d a rd w o rk w e e k s r e p o r t e d . - 12 T able B-2. Shift Differentials (S h ift d iff e r e n t ia ls o f m a n u fa ctu rin g plan t w o r k e r s b y ty p e and a m ou n t o f d i f f e r e n t i a l, N ew H aven, C on n . , J a n u a ry 1964) P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa c tu r in g plan t w o r k e r s — In e s ta b lis h m e n ts havin g f o r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 f o r — Shift d iffe r e n t ia l S e co n d s h ift w o rk T h ir d o r o t h e r s h ift w o r k A c t u a lly w o rk in g on — S e c o n d s h ift T h ir d o r o t h e r s h ift 7 9 .3 7 5 .0 13. 0 7. 1 77. 9 75. 0 13. 0 7. 1 — 67. 1 50. 7 11. 8 3. 4 3 c e n t s -----_ -----_ — - _ 5 c e n t s --------- -----_ — — _ — --------6 c e n t s --------- 7 c e n t s ____________________ ____ ____ ________ 8 c e n t s _______________________,____ __ ________ 10 c e n t s -------- ----12 c e n t s — — -------- _ - — 137 j c e n t s --------- ------------- — 14 c e n t s -------- ---------------------------- — — 15 c e n t s -------------------------- ------------17 c e n t s ---------_ - ------ 3. 1 7 .4 4 .7 7. 2 2 .6 2 1 .7 2 .8 1 .3 16. 5 - _ 2. 2 4. 6 12. 5 8 .4 1. 3 9. 5 1 0 .4 1 .7 1. 0 1 .6 1. 2 .6 .7 1. 5 .2 .3 4. 8 - .9 .9 .9 ( 2) .6 . 1 . 1 9 .0 1. 2 .8 T o t a l ----- ------ — — — W ith s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l — --------- U n ifo r m c e n t s (p e r h o u r ) U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ----- „ — - — -------- _ ---------- - - — 5 p e r c e n t -----— — -------- — — 772 p e r c e n t -------------------------------------------------10 p e r c e n t ------------- _ ----------------15 p e r c e n t ---------------------------------------------------F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s p lu s c e n t s d i f f e r e n t i a l ----------------------- ---------------W ith n o s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ------------------------------ 10. 7 3 .9 6 .9 * 2. 1. 2. 3. - 15. 3 .6 .6 - - .2 .2 . 1 .3 2 .8 . 1 1 .4 ' 1 I n c lu d e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s c u r r e n t ly o p e r a t in g late s h ift s , e v e n th o u g h t h e y w e r e n o t c u r r e n t ly o p e r a t in g la te s h ift s . 2 L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t . 7 1 2 0 ' and e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s io n s c o v e r in g la t e s h ifts 13 Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n of o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in all in d u s trie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y sch e d u le d w e e k ly h ou rs o f f ir s t -s h if t w o r k e r s , New H aven, Con n., Jan uary 1964) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS W e e k ly h o u rs A ll w o r k e r s _— - . . . — .. ----— — U nder 35 h o u r s — 35 h o u r s __ _ __ ------ — _ __ O v e r 35 and u n d er 37 V2 h o u rs _ 37V2 h o u r s _ — ___ — ____ __ - - O v er 37 V2 and under 40 h o u r s — -----------40 h o u rs ___ __ _ _ O v er 40 and u nd er 45 h o u r s —------------------------------45 h ou rs ___ — — O ver 45 and u nd er 50 h o u r s — --------------------------— 5 0 h ou rs . . . . . . — — — — 5 5 h ou rs ___ . . . . — . . . All induatrie*1 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All induatrica 3 Manufacturing Public utiUtiM2 100 100 100 100 100 100 3 3 4 75 4 5 2 3 2 - - 4 79 3 4 4 2 86 12 - 2 4 4 31 8 51 (4) - 1 (4 ) 3 4 92 (4 ) - - - (4) 55 45 - 1 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n ce, in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 2 T r a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ica tio n , and other p u b lic u tilitie s. 3 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e , r e t a il tra d e , r e a l esta te, and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a r a te ly . 4 L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t. 3 - - 2 14 Table B-4. Paid Holidays ( P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u s try d iv isio n s by n u m ber o f paid h o lid a y s p r o v id e d annually, N ew H aven, Conn. , Jan u ary 1964) OFFICE WORKERS Item A ll w o r k e r s ---------------------- — ----------------- ---------- W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g p aid h o lid a y s -------------- ------- ----------------- ----W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g no paid h o l id a y s ----------— — ----------- — All industrial1 PLANT WORKERS Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 100 100 “ " “ 2 . _ 5 1 3 Manufacturing “ Publio utilities 2 - N u m ber o f days h o l id a y s ____ _____ __ __ --------------------------h o l id a y s -----_ — __ ___ ____ — - ----h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day— — ---------------------h o lid a y s plu s 3 h a lf d a y s ---------------------------------7 h o l id a y s -----— ------- — ------------------ — — 7 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day--------- ------- ------- --7 h o lid a y s plus 2 h a lf d a y s ---------------------------------8 h o lid a y s — — _ ------- — — _ --------8 h olid a y s plus 1 h a lf day— ------ — -------------8 h o lid a y s plus 2 h a lf d a y s ---------------------------------9 h o lid a y s _ — --------------- — __ — - ---------9 h olid a y s plus 1 h a lf day-----------------------------------9 h o lid a y s plus 3 h a lf d a y s ------ --------------------- 10 h o lid a y s — ----— — — - ------ ----------10 h o lid a y s plus 2 h a lf d a y s .. ------- ---------11 h o lid a y s _____ ________ — -------------- — 12 h o lid a y s ----------- ------- - — ---------12 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day . . . . — -------------2 6 6 6 (4 ) 3 0 (4 ) 8 3 2 26 (4 ) 1 31 5 1 4 1 14 (4 ) (4 ) (4 ) _ 49 7 - 1 5 58 - 1 2 82 6 4 10 9 - 1 - - 2 3 3 1 3 - - - 1 1 - _ _ 1 1 1 4 - 7 8 5 52 1 3 18 ' - _ 3 3 10 4 2 1 20 5 4 44 31 8 2 4 5 (4 ) T o ta l h o lid a y tim e 5 121/* d a y s ---------------------------------------------------------------__________ ___ 12 days o r m o r e ___________ 11 days o r m o r e ------ — — -----------------------------10V2 days o r m o r e -----------------------------------------------10 days o r m o r e ---------------------------------------------------9V2 days o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------9 days o r m o r e ----------------------------------------------------8V2 days o r m o r e — — — — ------------- --------8 days o r m o r e — - — — ------------- — — 7V2 days o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------7 days o r m o r e -----------------------------------------------------6V2 days o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------6 days o r m o r e -----------------------------------------------------2 days o r m o r e ------------------------------------------------------ (!) (4 ) 15 16 20 25 57 58 86 89 97 97 99 100 . - 2 2 22 23 (4 ) 2 4 9 9 14 96 96 5 17 17 3 3 14 14 80 88 97 97 65 77 72 95 95 100 100 100 100 100 100 92 94 84 94 97 97 100 98 100 _ 5 10 10 11 19 51 51 51 51 100 100 100 100 1 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th ose in du stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a t e ly . 2 T r a n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 3 In clu des data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il tr a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 5 A ll com b in a tio n s o f fu ll and h a lf days that add to the s a m e am ount a r e co m b in e d ; fo r e x a m p le , the p r o p o r t io n of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g a total o f 7 days in clu d e s th o s e w ith 7 fu ll days and no h a lf d a y s , 6 fu ll days and 2 h a lf d a y s , 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d a y s , and s o on. P r o p o r t io n s w e r e then cu m u lated. 15 Table B-5. Paid Vacations1 (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by v a ca tio n pay p r o v is io n s , New H aven, Conn. , January 1964) PLANT W0RKER8 OFFICE WORKER8 V a ca tio n p o lic y All Industrie. 2 A ll w o r k e r s - ----------------------- — ------------- — __ Manufacturing Public utilities 3 All industries 4 Manufacturing Public utilities 3 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 1 - 100 98 2 - 100 100 - 100 67 31 2 - 100 54 43 3 - 100 98 2 - M ethod o f p aym ent W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g paid var.at.inns ______ . L e n g t h -o f-t im e p a y m e n t ------— - __ P e r c e n t a g e p aym en t---------------------------------------F la t -s u m p a y m e n t___ _____ — — — Othe r __ ___________ _____ ______ __ ______________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g no paid v a c a t io n s __________________________ - ____ - A m oun t o f v a c a tio n p a y 5 A ft e r 6 m onths o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek — _____ ___ - ----------. _ 1 w e e k - - __ __ __ _ _ _________ __ ______ O v er 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s --------------------------- ------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------- _ 7 50 15 2 3 58 21 2 59 3 - 37 17 2 - 48 14 1 - 39 4 - 19 ( 6) 80 ( 6) 8 1 90 1 33 67 - 75 7 18 - 79 10 11 - 43 - 2 9 88 1 5 1 93 1 ( 6) 31 68 - 49 10 41 55 15 31 ~ 46 54 - 3 ( 6) 96 1 ( 6) (‘ ) 97 1 20 9 66 5 22 13 58 7 8 92 - 1 _ 98 1 - 3 96 1 - 18 8 69 5 ( 6) 22 11 60 7 - 3 95 2 ( 6) 96 3 1 ( 6) 95 3 2 3 86 7 5 3 83 10 3 97 3 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ----------- — - ----- -------------— — O ver 1 and un d er 2 w eek s __________ — 2 w e e k s ------------- _ — „ - _______ ___ O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s --- ------------- 57 - A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ----- — — ----------O v er 1 and u n d er 2 w eek s — _ __ — 2 w e e k s _____ _____ ___ ___ — _____ __ O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w eek s — — ----------- — — A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ----------------------------------— — O v er 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s -------------.---------2 w e e k s _____ — — _____ ___ — __ O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------- 100 " A fte r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek — ____ ___ __ ____ __ „ __ __ O v er 1 and u n d er 2 w eek s — — — ------- — __ 2 w e e k s __ _______ _______ _________ __________ O v er 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s ----- ---------- — --------3 w e e k s ____ __________ _ __ _____ _____ __ ( 6) 100 - A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ----- — ___________ ________ __________ ____ 2 w eek s — ----------- __ __ __ ___ __ __ __ O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ------- ----- ----3 w e e k s ------------------------------ __ _ __ __ See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le . _ 100 - _ 16 Table B-5. Paid Vacations1— Continued ( P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fi c e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by v a ca tion pay p r o v is io n s , N ew H aven, C on n. , Jan u ary 1964) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y All Industrie* 1 2 Manufacturing Public utilities 3 All industries 4 Manufacturing Publie utilities 3 ( 6) 55 3 42 ( 6) ( 6) 54 4 41 1 - _ 37 63 - 3 57 3 32 5 ( 6) 3 59 4 26 7 - 46 52 2 ( 6) 45 7 47 ( 6) ( 6) 42 4 53 1 " _ 32 68 - 3 43 5 45 5 ( 6) 3 43 5 41 7 “ 36 62 2 ( 6) 5 2 91 2 ( 6) ( 6) 5 1 89 3 1 _ 3 13 1 77 6 1 3 11 2 76 8 " 98 2 ( 6) ( 6) 5 5 84 16 - A m oun t o f v a c a tio n p a y 5— C ontinued A ft e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _ — —— _ __ ------------_ 2 w eeks _ __ — ______ _ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w ee k s — _ — ------ ----3 w e e k s _________ __ ________________ _______ _____ O v e r 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s ------- — ---------------------------4 w eek s _ ~ — A ft e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------------------------2 w eek s _ — — O v er 2 and und er 3 w ee k s — ------- _ -----3 w eek s __ — -----— ......................— O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ----------------------------------4 w eek s - — — --------- — -------- ------A ft e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _ — ------- -----2 w eek s _ __ — _ _ _ _ _ O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s __ ------3 w eek s __ _ _ — — O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ----- ----4 w eek8 _ __ __ _ — _ __ _ ---------------------- ( 6) 100 - A ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------------------------2 w eek s __ _ __ __ _ — O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s ----------- ------ ----3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s __ ------— ----4 w eek s __ — _ ----— -----------------O v e r 4 w eek s __ __ _ _ _ ( 6) 76 1 17 ( 6) 1 58 34 1 ( 6) 3 ( 6) 4 1 42 3 40 10 _ 3 3 ( 6) 11 2 59 3 13 1 61 2 17 - 3 5 97 - 3 17 A ft e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _ _ _ _ _ 2 w eek s _ __ __ — — _ __ — --------O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w ee k s ------------- — 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s ----------------------------------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 w eek s (6) 36 2 54 4 _ ( 6) 38 62 3 3 10 1 44 3 32 7 9 2 48 4 25 9 37 63 1 In clu d es b a s ic plans o n ly . E x clu d e s plans su ch as v a c a t io n -s a v in g s and th o s e plans w h ich o f fe r "e x te n d e d " o r " s a b b a tic a l" b en efits beyon d b a s ic plan s to w o r k e r s w ith qu a lify in g lengths o f s e r v ic e . T y p ic a l o f su ch e x c lu s io n s a r e plans r e c e n t ly n egotia ted in the s t e e l, alu m in u m , and ca n in d u s tr ie s . 2 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il t r a d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v i c e s , in add ition to those in du stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a t e ly . 3 T r a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s . 4 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le t r a d e , r e t a il t r a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s , in ad d ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s shown s e p a ra te ly . 5 In clu d es paym ents o th e r than "len gth o f t i m e , " such as p e r c e n ta g e o f annual e a rn in gs o r fla t -s u m p a y m e n ts, co n v e rte d to an equivalent tim e b a s is ; f o r e x a m p le , a p aym ent o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as 1 w e e k 's p a y . P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e re a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and do not n e c e s s a r il y r e fle c t the individual p r o v is io n s f o r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r e x a m p le , the ch a n ges in p r o p o r t io n s in d ica te d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e in clu d e ch an ges in p r o v is io n s o c c u r r in g b etw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . E stim a te s a re cu m u la tive. T h us, the p r o p o r t io n r e c e iv in g 3 w e e k s ' pay o r m o r e a fte r 5 y e a r s in c lu d e s th o s e w ho r e c e iv e 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a fte r fe w e r y e a r s o f s e r v ic e . 6 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 17 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t o f o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s e m p lo y e d in e sta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g health, in s u ra n ce , o r p e n s io n b e n e fits , 12 New H aven, C onn., Jan uary 1964) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS T yp e of b e n e fit All Industrie* 2 Manufacturing Public utilities 3 All induatriM4 Manufacturing 100 100 100 100 100 L ife in s u r a n c e ~ A c c id e n t a l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t in s u r a n c e .. — _ - — S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r s ic k le a v e o r b o t h 5- - - — — - _ 98 S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e S ick le a v e (fu ll p a y and no w a itin g p e r io d )- ----- _ — — _ — — S ick le a v e (p a r tia l pay o r w a itin g p e r i o d )- — _ - — A ll w o r k e r s _ — _ ____ __ _ Pubiio utilitiea3 100 W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g : H o s p ita liz a tio n in s u r a n c e S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e M e d ica l in s u r a n c e —_________ ______________ ___ C a ta strop h e in s u r a n c e R e tir e m e n t p e n s io n . - N o h ealth, in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p la n -~ ------ 99 99 98 100 97 63 79 54 62 66 41 81 88 97 91 98 64 48 83 5 76 92 20 71 76 97 14 4 43 ( 6) - 96 90 73 51 85 ( 6) 96 99 76 37 90 (6) " 6 7 - 100 99 94 41 67 91 90 66 36 75 1 95 96 68 34 84 100 100 89 54 54 1 In clu d es th os e p lan s f o r w h ic h at le a s t a part o f the c o s t is b o rn e b y the e m p lo y e r , e x c e p t th ose le g a lly r e q u ir e d , su ch as w o r k m e n 's c o m p en sa tion , s o c ia l s e c u r ity , and r a ilr o a d retirem en t. 2 In clu d e s data f o r w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n ce, in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s show n sep a r a te ly . 3 T r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other p u b lic u tilitie s . 4 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e , r e t a il tra d e , r e a l esta te, and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a r a te ly . 5 U n du p lica ted tota l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ick le a v e o r s ick n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce show n s e p a r a te ly b e lo w . S ick le a v e plans a r e lim ite d to th ose w h ich d e fin ite ly esta b lish at le a s t the m in im u m n u m b er o f d a y s ' p a y that can b e e x p e c te d b y each e m p lo y e e . In fo rm a l s ic k le a v e a llo w a n ce s d e te rm in e d on an in divid u al b a s is a re ex clu d ed . 6 L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t. 18 Table B-7. Paid Sick Leave ( P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by fo r m a l s ic k le a v e p r o v is io n s , New H aven, C o n n ., Jan uary 1964) OFFICE WORKER8 PLANT WORKERS S ick le a v e p r o v is io n All industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 100. 0 100. 0 io d . o 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 7 1 .4 76. 0 96.8 19. 5 10. 7 4 3 .4 2 8 .6 24. 0 3. 2 80. 5 89. 3 5 6 .6 U n iform plan :4 No w aitin g p e r i o d ----------------- ------------------------F u ll pay 5 -------------------------------------------------5 days _ ____ , „ 6 d a y s -------------------------- ------------------------7 day** _______ 10 d a y s ------------------------------------------------ 12 d a y s __________________________________ W aiting p e r i o d -------------------------------------------------- 30. 5 30. 5 6 .7 2. 1 1 .4 16. 3 2. 7 - 50. 2 50. 2 12. 0 2 .4 2. 7 3 1 .0 - .8 .8 .4 .4 - 6 .9 6 .9 5. 2 3. 7 3. 7 1. 3 .9 1 .9 1. 2 2. 6 G ra duated p la n 4 — A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e : No w aitin g p e r i o d -------------------------------------------F u ll pay 5_________________ ____________ — 5 d a y s ----- — -------------------------- ----------6 days _ ----------------- — ---------------------12 d a y s _____ _____ — --------------15 d a y s ------------------- --------------------- -----75 d a y s _____ — — — - --------- --------F u ll pay plus p a r tia l pay 5------------------------5 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------10 d a y s ________________ ____ __________ W aiting p e r i o d ------ ------------- ------------- --------P a r tia l pay o n l y ___________________________ 39. 2 24. 9 1 0 .9 2. 5 1. 3 5 .9 3. 0 14. 2 13. 3 .9 . 1 .1 2 5 .8 23. 2 G raduated p la n 4 — A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : No w aitin g p e r i o d -------------------------------------------F u ll p a y 5_____ __ __ __ _ — ----- 8 d a y s ______ ________ _____ ___ 10 d a y s --------- ------- — ------- ----- — 14 d a y s ___ ___ __ ____ __ ____ ____ ___ ____ 50 d a y s -----— — — ------- - — ----55 days — - — — ---------- 260 d a y s ----------- — — -------- -------------F u ll pay plus p a r tia l pay 5-----------------------30 d a y s _____ _____ — ------------------------40 d a y s -______ _________ ___________ ____ _ 65 day s _________ ____ ____ ___ __ ___ ___ 7 5 d a y s ------------------- ----------------- — — P a r t ia l pay o n l y __ ______________ — W aiting p e r i o d ---------------- — — --------------- 4 0 .7 2 4 .4 2. 5 9 .9 .9 1. 1 4. 5 3. 0 16. 3 .9 1. 5 13. 3 . 1 2 5 .8 21. 7 2. 5 1. 2 12. 2 4. 1 3. 2 8.6 A11 w o r k e r s _______________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g fo r m a l p aid s ic k le a v e --------- --------------------------W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g no f o r m a l paid s ic k le a v e ---------------------------------- Msnufsoturinc Public Utilities2 Type and amount of paid aick leave provided annually 2.8 2. 5 14. 1 2. 6 2. 6 - 2.6 - 90. 1 39. 3 35. 5 1. 3 2. 5 50. 8 50. 8 " 96.0 3 9 .3 35. 5 2. 5 5 6 .7 5 .9 50. 8 - .8 5. 8 2. 0 1 .4 . 1 .6 3 .7 3. 1 .6 3 .9 3 .9 8.8 2. 0 1 .4 - .6 4. 7 .6 1.0 3. 1 2. 0 1 .9 1.2 - " 4 .4 4 .4 3 5 .4 5 .4 .9 4. 5 30. 0 24. 9 5. 2 - 2.8 4 3 .4 5 .4 4. 5 38. 0 5. 2 8. 0 24. 9 - 2. 8 1. 6 Provisions for uccumulution W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m e n ts having p r o v is io n s fo r a ccu m u la tio n o f unused s ic k l e a v e ------- — — --------------------- - " .6 5. 2 1 In clu des data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to those in du stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a t e ly . 2 T r a n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s . 3 In clu des data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il t r a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 "U n ifo r m p la n s " a r e d e fin e d as th o s e f o r m a l plans under w h ich an e m p lo y e e , a fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e , is en titled to the sam e num ber o f d a y s ' p aid s i c k le a v e e a c h y e a r . '.'G raduated p la n s " a re d efin ed as th ose fo r m a l plans under w h ich an e m p lo y e e 's le a v e v a r ie s a c c o r d in g to length o f s e r v ic e . P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e re a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n . E s tim a te s r e fle c t p r o v is io n s a p p lic a b le at the stated length o f s e r v ic e but do not r e fle c t p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n . T h u s, the p r o p o r tio n r e c e iv in g 15 d a y s ' s ic k le a v e a fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e m a y a ls o r e c e iv e th is am ount a fte r g r e a t e r o r l e s s e r lengths o f s e r v ic e . 5 M ay in clu d e p r o v is io n s o th e r than th o s e p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly . N u m bers o f days show n under " F u ll pay plus p a rtia l p a y " a re days fo r w hich w o r k e r s r e c e iv e s ic k le a v e at fu ll pay; w o r k e r s a r e en titled to a dd ition al days o f s ic k le a v e at p a r tia l pay. Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose o f preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because o f this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bu reau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE B I L L E R , M A C H IN E BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from custom ers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slip s. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A. Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 19 20 CLERK, ACCOUNTING-Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; and may direct class B a c counting clerks. Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple co st accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge o f accounting and book keeping principles but is found in office s in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A , In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter file s, cla ssifie s and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records o f various types in con junction with the file s. May lead a small group o f lower level file clerks. Class Sorts, cod es, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly cla ssified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing theitems to make up the order; checking prices and quantities o f items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating o f customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file o f orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and d is tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis tical or other type o f clerk, which may involve frequent use o f a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance o f other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Class C. Performs routine filing o f material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ica l). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 21 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C lass A . Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class B. Under close supervision or following sp e cific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follow s specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor o ffice machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office ; answering and SECRETARY— Continued making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other rela tively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by die following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and o f the sp ecific business operations, organization, p o licie s, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. 22 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls. May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATO R-Continued Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with sp ecific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions o f a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties o f operator on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerica l work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part o f this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A. Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without clo se supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety o f long and complex re ports which often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences o f long and com plex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations find day-to-day supervision o f the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp ecific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive a-ccounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established.* May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specia lized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make cop ies o f various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerica l work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A. Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources err responsibility for correct Spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing o f com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B. Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance pol icie s, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 23 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN DRAFTSMAN-Continued Leader. Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Inter preting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; deter mining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and in specting their work; and performing more difficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. Senior. Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cr o s s-s e ctio n s , e tc., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams, and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a spe cia lized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. Junior (assistant). Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types o f drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general medical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who be come ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other estab lishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ in juries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carry ing out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evalu ation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, wel fare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made o f wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 24 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, d is tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety o f electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay outs, or other sp ecification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind o f work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or ch ief engineers in establish ments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation o f one or more types o f machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction o f machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree o f accuracy; using a variety o f pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or o il burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts o f mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety o f ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping o f metal parts to clo s e toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, tooling, feeds, and speeds o f machining; knowledge o f the working 25 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE-Continued MILLWRIGHT properties o f the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors o f an e s tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or sp ecia lized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or d efective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work o f the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually a c quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use o f handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production o f a replacementpart by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work o f a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this cla ssifica tion are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an e s tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or con sistency. In general, the work o f the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specification s; cutting various siz e s of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipecutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 26 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specification s. In general, the work o f the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating system s are excluded. types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety o f handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work o f the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation o f vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, sh elves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types o f sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other sp ecification s; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written sp ecification s; using a variety o f tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding o f the working properties o f common metals and alloys; setting up and operating o f machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling o f machines; heattreating o f metal parts during fabrication as well as o f finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assem bling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; and selectin g appro priate materials, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tio n . CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an o ffice building, apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those o f starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine p olice duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where n ecessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and ch eck on identity o f em ployees and other persons entering. 27 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who sp ecia lize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method o f shipment. Work requires the placing o f items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge o f various items o f stock in order to verify content; selection o f appropriate type and size o f container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. ping work involves: routes, Ship A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills o f lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. work involves: May Receiving Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness o f shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform Other related duties. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follows: R eceiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 28 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types o f estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places o f business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver•salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials o f all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type of equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f s iz e s listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under iy2 tons) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified by type o f truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Available On Request— The fourth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors of personnel, managers of office services, and clerical employees. Order as BLS Bulletin 1387, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Tech nical, and Clerical Pay, February—March 1963* 40 cents a copy. Occupational Wage Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins is available upon request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.< ;., 20402, or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. Area Bulletin number Akron, Ohio____________________________________ Albany-Schenectady—Troy, N. Y ________________ Albuquerque, N. M e x ___________ ______________ Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, P a.—N. J________ Atlanta, Ga_____________________________________ Baltimore, Md__________________________________ Beaumont—Port Arthur, T e x ___________________ Birmingham, A la______________________________ Boise, Idaho_____________________,______________ Boston, Mass 1__________________________________ 1345-81 1345-53 1345-63 1345-45 1345-71 1385-24 1345-67 1345-56 1345-74 1385-16 20 20 20 20 25 25 20 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Buffalo, N. Y.___________________________________ Burlington, V t 1_________________________________ Canton, Ohio___________________________________ Charleston, W. V a _____________________________ Charlotte, N. C ______ _________________________ Chattanooga T enn. -G a ________________________ Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky____________________________ Cleveland, Ohio________________________________ Columbus, Ohio________________________________ 1385-33 1345-50 1345-64 1345-61 1345-58 1385-5 1345-65 1345-54 1385-11 1385-25 25 25 20 20 20 20 30 20 25 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Dallas, Tex_____________________________________ Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—111_______ Dayton, Ohio___________________________________ Denver, Colo1__________________________________ Des Moines, Iowa______________________________ Detroit, Mich1_____________________ ____________ Fort Worth, Tex_______________________________ Green Bay, W is________________________________ Greenville, S .C ________________________________ Houston, T e x __________________________________ 1385-15 1385-12 1345-35 1385-34 1345-42 1345-47 1385-19 1385-4 1345-68 1345-82 25 20 20 25 20 25 20 20 20 25 Indianapo li s , Ind1______________________________ 1385-30 1345-43 1385-32 1385-26 1345-77 1385-3 1345-62 1345-48 1345-72 1385-1 1385-35 Jacksonville, Fla_______________________________ Kansas City, Mo. —Kans1_______________________ Lawrence—Haverhill, M ass.—N. H _____________ Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark____________ Los Angeles—Long Beach, Calif1_______________ Louisville, Ky. —Ind 1___________________________ Manchester, N. H ______________________________ Memphis, Tenn1_______________________________ Price Bulletin number Miami, Fla1____________________________________ 1385-29 Milwaukee, W is 1_______________________________ 1345-59 Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn1___________________ 1345-38 Muskegon—Muskegon Heights , Mich_________ 1345-69 Newark and Jersey City, N. J __________________ 1345-46 New Haven, Conn1_________________________ —— 1385-37 New Orleans, L a 1______________________________ 1345-44 New York, N. Y 1________________________ 1345-79 Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, V a 1. —_______________________ -— 1345-75 Oklahoma City, Okla____________________ ._____ — 1385-2 Price 25 cents 25 25 20 25 cents cents cents cents 25 cents 25 cents 40 cents 25 cents 20 cents Omaha, Nebr. —Iowa1_______ Paterson—Clifton—Passaic, N. J________________ Philadelphia, P a .-N . J 1-^ ______________________ Phoenix, A r iz _________________ . ___—---------------Pittsburgh, Pa 1_____ Portland, Maine1______________________________ Portland, Oreg. —Wash_________________________ Providence—Pawtucket, R. I.—M ass1__________— Raleigh, N. C 1-------------------- -----------------------------Richmond, V a1_________________________________ 1385-14 1345-76 1385-31 1345-57 1345-40 1385-22 1345-73 1345-70 1385-7 1385-23 25 20 30 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Rockford, 111____ St. Louis, M o .-I ll_____________________________ Salt Lake City, Utah____________________________ San Antonio, T ex1_________________ San Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, C alif1____ San Diego, C alif--------------San Francisco—Oakland, Calif1_____ _________ Savannah, Ga __________________________________ Scranton, Pa1__________________________________ Seattle, Wash1__________________________________ 1345-55 1385-21 1385-28 1345-78 1385-9 1385-13 1385-36 1345-60 1385-8 1385-10 20 25 25 25 25 20 25 20 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 25 cents 20 cents Sioux Falls, S. Dak1___________________________ South Bend, Ind________________________________ Spokane, Wash1________________________________ Toledo, Ohio1__________________________________ Trenton, N. J __________________________________ Washington, D. C. -Md. -V a ____________________ Waterbury, Conn______________________________ Waterloo, Iowa_________________________________ Wichita, Kans__________________________________ Worcester, M ass______________________________ York, Pa_______________________________________ 1385-20 1345-52 1345-66 1345-51 1385-27 1385-17 1345-49 1385-18 1385-6 1345-80 1345-41 25 20 25 25 25 25 20 20 20 20 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 20 cents 25 20 20 30 25 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. Area
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