The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
Occupational Wage Survey GREEN BAY, WISCONSIN AUGUST 1961 Bulletin No. 13 03-2 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey GREEN BAY, WISCONSIN AUGUST 1961 Bulletin N o . 1303-2 October 1961 U N ITED S T A T E S D EPA RTM EN T O F LA B O R Arthur J. G o ld b e rg , Se cre ta ry BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For talc by the Superintendent of Documents, U S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 20 cents _ —_ r \ I n H f | n ^ tks •' j) Contents Preface Page The Bureau o f L abor Statistics annually conducts occu p ation al wage su rveys in 82 labor m arkets. The studies provide data on occupational earnings and related supplem entary ben efits. A p relim in a ry rep ort furnishing trend data and average earnings is re le a se d within a month o f the com p letion o f each study. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the p relim in a ry rep ort. Two bu lletin s, bringing together the results of all o f the area su rv ey s, are iss u e d after com pletion o f the final area bu lletin in the cu rren t round o f su rveys. The fir s t o f these bulletins w ill be available late in 1962 and the other e a rly in 1963. During the survey y ea r, sum m ary re le a s e s presen tin g areaw ide occupational earnings data fo r 25 to 30 la b or m a rk ets, are issu ed as data becom e available. This bulletin was p rep a red in the Bureau1s r e gional o ffic e in C hicago, 111. , by M arvin Glick, under the d ire ctio n o f W oodrow C. Linn, A ssistan t Regional D irector fo r W ages and Industrial R elations. Introduction -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Wage trends fo r selected occupational groups _____________ _________ 1 3 Tables: 1. 2. A: E stablishm ents and w ork ers within scope o f su rvey _________ P ercen ts o f in cre a se in standard w eekly sa la ries and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups __________________________________________ 2 3 O ccupational ea rn in gs:* A - 1. O ffice occu pation s—m en and wom en ____________________ A - 2. P ro fe ssio n a l and tech n ical occu pation s—men _______________________________________ A -3 . O ffice, p ro fe ssio n a l, and tech n ical occu pation s—m en and wom en com bined _____ A -4 . Maintenance and powerplant occu pation s ____ A - 5. C ustodial and m a teria l m ovem ent occu pation s — jo m The L abor M arket O ccupational Wage Survey P rog ra m Appendixes: A. Changes in occupational d e scrip tion s _________________________ B. Occupational d e scrip tion s ____________________________________ 9 11 * NOTE: S im ilar tabulations fo r these and other item s, in cluding data on establishm ent p ra ctice s and supplem entary wage p ro v isio n s, are available in the G reen Bay area r e port fo r August I960. A d ire cto ry indicating date o f study and the p rice o f this re p o rt, as w ell as the rep orts for other m a jo r a rea s, is available upon request. iii 4 5 Occupational Wage Survey—Green Bay, Wis. Introduction This area is 1 o f 82 labor m arkets in which the U .S . D e partm ent o f Labor*s Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys o f occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an a rea b a s is . The bu lletin p resen ts cu rren t occupational em ploym ent and earnings in form ation obtained la rg ely by m ail fro m the establishm ents visited by B ureau fie ld econ om ists in the last previous su rvey fo r occupations rep orted in that e a r lie r study. P erson al v isits w ere made to nonrespondents and to those respondents reporting unusual changes sin ce the previou s su rv ey . In each a rea , data are obtained fro m representative esta b lish m ents within six broa d industry d ivision s: M anufacturing; tra n sp o r tation, com m un ication , and other public utilities; w holesale trade; reta il trade; finan ce, in su ra n ce, and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor industry groups exclu ded fr o m these studies are governm ent operations and the con stru ction and extractive industries. E stablishm ents having few er than a p r e s c r ib e d num ber of w orkers are om itted also because they tend to furnish in su fficien t em ploym ent in the occupations studied to w arrant in clu sion . Separate tabulations are provided fo r each o f the broad industry division s which m eet publication c r ite r ia . T hese su rveys are conducted on a sample basis because o f the u n n ecessary c o s t in volved in surveying all establishm ents. To obtain optim um a ccu ra cy at m inim um c o s t, a greater proportion of large than of sm all establishm ents is studied. In com bining the data, how e v e r, all establishm ents are given their appropriate weight. E stim ates based on the establish m en ts studied are presented, th e re fo re , as r e lating to all establishm ents in the industry grouping and area, except fo r those below the m inim um size studied. O ccupations and E arnings The occu pation s se le cte d fo r study are com m on to a variety of m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing industries. O ccupational c la s sifica tion is based on a u niform set of job descrip tion s designed to take account o f in terestablishm ent variation in duties within the same jo b . (See appendix fo r listing of these d e s c r ip tio n s .) E arnings data are presented (in the A -s e r ie s tables) fo r the follow in g types of o c c u pations: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l; (b) p rofession a l and tech n ical; (c) m ainte nance and powerplant; and (d) cu stodial and m aterial m ovem ent. O ccupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w o rk e rs, i . e . , those h ired to work a regu lar weekly sched ule in the given occupational cla ss ifica tio n . E arnings data exclude prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. Nonproduction bonuses are exclu ded a lso , but c o s t - o fliving bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are rep orted , as fo r o ffice c le r ic a l occu p ation s, referen ce is to the w ork schedules (rounded to the n ea rest half hour) fo r which straight-tim e sa la ries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the n earest half d olla r. A verage earnings of m en and wom en are presented separately fo r se le cte d occupations in which both sexes are com m only em ployed. D ifferen ces in pay le v e ls o f m en and wom en in these occupations are la rg ely due to (l) d ifferen ces in the distribution of the sexes among industries and establishm ents; (2) d ifferen ces in sp e cific duties p e r fo rm e d , although the occupations are appropriately cla s s ifie d within the same su rvey job d escrip tion ; and (3) d ifferen ces in length of s e r v ice o r m e rit review when individual sa la ries are adjusted on this b a sis. L onger average se r v ic e o f men would resu lt in higher average pay when both sexes are em ployed within the sam e rate range. Job d escrip tion s used in cla ssify in g em p loyees in these su rveys are usu ally m ore gen era lized than those used in individual establishm ents to allow fo r m inor d iffe re n ce s among establishm ents in sp ecific duties p erform ed . Occupational em ploym ent estim ates rep resen t the total in all establishm ents within the scop e o f the study and not the number actu ally su rveyed. B ecause o f d ifferen ces in occupational structure among establish m en ts, the estim ates o f occupational em ploym ent obtained fr o m the sam ple o f establishm ents studied serv e only to indicate the relative im portance o f the job s studied. T hese d ifferen ces in o c c u pational structure do not m a teria lly affect the a ccu ra cy of the earn ings data. 2 Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Green Bay, W i s . , 1 by m ajor industry division, 2 August 1961 Number of establishments Industry division Within scope of study 1 3 2 W orkers in establishm ents Studied Within scope of study Studied A ll divisions ________________________________________________________ 77 63 15, 400 13, 020 Manufacturing _______________________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________________________________________ Transportation, communication, and other public utilities 4 ________ _______________________________________ Wholesale trade 5 _____________ ____ ____________________________ Retail trade 5 ____________________________________________________ Finance, insurance, and real estate 5 .... ........................................ Services 5 ’ 6 _____ _______________________________________ ____ _____ 39 38 32 31 9, 800 5, 600 7, 830 5, 190 12 7 12 2 5 11 5 9 2 4 2, 800 600 1, 600 100 500 2, 680 540 1, 410 100 460 1 The Green Bay Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of Brown County. The "workers within scope of study" estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estim ates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) sm all establishm ents are excluded from the scope of the survey. 2 The 1957 revised edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry division. Major changes from the earlier edition (used in the Bureau's labor market wage surveys conducted prior to July 1958) are the transfer of m ilk pasteurization plants and ready-m ixed concrete establishments from trade (wholesale or retail) to manufacturing, and the transfer of radio and television broadcasting from services to the transportation, communication, and other public utilities division. 3 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the m inim um -size limitation (50 employees). A ll outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment. 4 Taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation were excluded. 5 This industry division is represented in estim ates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A tables. Separate presentation of data for this division is not made for one or more of the following reasons: (1) Employment in the division is too sm all to provide enough data to m erit separate study, (2) the sample was not designed initially to perm it separate presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to permit separate presentation, and (4) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data. 6 H otels; personal s e rv ic e s ; business se rv ic e s ; automobile repair shops; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engineering and architectural services. 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P resen ted in table 2 are percents o f change in sa la rie s o f o ffic e c le r ic a l w ork e rs and industrial n u rses, and in average earnings o f se le cte d plant w ork e r grou ps. F o r o ffic e c le r ic a l w ork ers and industrial n u rse s, the p e r cen ts o f change relate to average weekly sa la ries fo r norm al hours o f w ork , that is , the standard work schedule fo r which straight-tim e sa la rie s are paid. F o r plant w ork er groups, they m easure changes in stra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earn in gs, excluding prem ium pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. The p e r centages are based on data fo r selected key occupations and include m o st o f the n u m erica lly im portant job s within each group. The o f fic e c le r ic a l data are b a sed on men and women in the follow in g 19 jo b s: B ookk eeping-m achin e o p e r a to r s , c la s s B; c le r k s , accounting, c la s s A and B; c le r k s , file , c la s s A , B, and C; c le r k s , o rd e r; c le r k s , pay r o ll; C om ptom eter o p e r a to r s ; keypunch o p e ra to rs, c la ss A and B; o ffice boys and g ir ls ; s e c r e ta r ie s ; stenographers, general; sten og ra p h ers, se n io r; sw itch board op e ra to rs; tabulating-m achine o p e ra to rs, c la s s B; and ty p ists, c la s s A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on m en and wom en industrial n u rses. Men in the follow ing 8 sk illed m aintenance jo b s and 2 unskilled job s w ere included in the plant w ork er data: Skilled— ca r p e n te r s ; e le ctricia n s; m ach in ists; m e ch a n ics; m ech a n ics, autom otive; painters; pip efitters; and tool and die m a k ers; unskilled— ja n ito r s , p o rte rs, and clea n ers; and la b o r e r s , m a teria l handling. A verage w eekly sa la rie s or average hourly earnings w ere com puted fo r each o f the se le cte d occu pation s. The average s a l a rie s o r hourly earnings w ere then m ultiplied by the average em p loy ment in the job during the p eriod su rveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings fo r individual occupations w ere then totaled to obtain an ag gregate fo r each occupational group. F in ally, the ratio o f these group aggregates fo r the one year to the aggregate fo r the other year was com puted and the d ifferen ce betw een the resu lt and 100 is the percent o f change fr o m the one p eriod to the oth er. The percen t o f change m e a su re s, p rin cip a lly, the effects of (1) gen eral sa la ry and wage changes; (2) m e rit o r other in creases in pay r e c e iv e d by individual w ork ers while in the sam e job; and (3) changes in the la b or fo r c e such as la b or tu rn over, fo rce expan sio n s, fo r c e red u ction s, and changes in the prop ortion s of w orkers em ployed by establishm ents with d ifferen t pay le v e ls . Changes in the la b or fo r c e can cause in cre a se s o r d e cre a se s in the occupational averages without actual wage ch anges. F o r exam p le, a fo rce expansion m ight in cre a se the p rop ortion o f low er paid w ork ers in a sp ecific occu pation and resu lt in a drop in the average, w hereas a reduction in the p rop ortion of low er paid w ork ers would have the opposite effect. The m ovem ent o f a high-paying establishm ent out o f an area could cause the average earnings to drop , even though no change in rates o c c u r r e d in other a rea establish m en ts. The use o f constant em ploym ent weights elim inates the effects o f changes in the prop ortion o f w ork ers rep resen ted in each job in cluded in the data. Nor are the percen ts o f change influenced by changes in standard w ork schedules o r in prem ium pay fo r ov ertim e, sin ce they are based on pay fo r straigh t-tim e h ou rs. Table 2. Percents of increase in standard weekly salaries and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Green Bay, W is., August I960 to August 1961 Occupational group Office clerical (men and women combined) — Skilled maintenance (men) ................................ ...... Unskilled plant (men) - .........- ---------- ------------------- All industries Manufacturing 2.8 2.3 1.3 2.6 1.7 .6 A: Occupational Earnings 4 Table A-l. Office Occupations-Men and Women (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a re a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , G re e n B a y , W is ., A u gu st 1961) Avebaqe N um b er S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n of w o rk ers W e ek ly , h o u rs 12 (S ta n d a rd ) W e e k ly , e a rn in g s 1 (S tan d ard ) N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F— $ 4 0 .0 0 u n d er 4 5 .0 0 $ 45.0 0 $ 50.00 $ 55.00 $ 6 0.0 0 $ 6 5.0 0 $ 7 0.00 $ 75.00 $ 80.0 0 $ 85.00 $ 9 0 .0 0 $ 9 5 .0 0 50.00 55.0 0 60.0 0 65.0 0 7 0.0 0 7 5.00 8 0.00 8 5 .0 0 90.0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 00 .00 1 4 2 2 4 8 8 3 2 1 2 2 2 7 11 3 3 2 2 2 - . . " ■ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1 0 0 .0 0 1 05 .00 1 10.00 1 15.00 1 2 0 .0 0 125 .00 and over 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 120 .00 125 .00 M en 32 3 9.5 $ 1 09.50 . c l a s s B ______________ 18 4 1.0 55.00 4 1 4 2 4 3 C le r k s , a cc o u n tin g , c l a s s A _____________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g __________________________________________ 22 18 3 9.5 3 9.5 7 9.5 0 7 8.0 0 " " " ‘ 2 2 ■ C le r k s , a cc o u n tin g , c l a s s B _____________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g __________________________________________ 76 29 4 0 .0 3 9.5 63.5 0 6 2 .0 0 _ 3 2 18 7 13 5 11 1 C le r k s , f i l e , c l a s s C 3 .............................................. ................... N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________________________ 16 16 4 0.0 4 0.0 4 8.5 0 4 8 .5 0 13 13 2 2 1 1 . C le r k s , p a y r o l l .................................................................................. M a n u fa ctu rin g __________________________________________ 34 20 3 9.5 3 9.5 7 0.0 0 68.0 0 . " 3 3 1 " 4 1 7 5 4 2 5 4 2 1 K eyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B 3 ---------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g __________________________________________ 56 17 4 0.0 3 9.5 52.50 58.00 2 2 27 2 14 3 1 1 6 5 6 4 . . _ S e c r e t a r ie s --------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g ................. ..................................... ...................... N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________________________ P ilh lir iiHUH p s 4 ......... . . 84 53 31 15 3 9.5 3 9.0 4 0.0 4 0 .0 8 4 .0 0 8 4.0 0 8 4.0 0 89.5 0 „ - 1 1 7 4 3 5 3 2 5 2 3 2 2 2 - S te n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l 3 _________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ..........................................................................— N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ..................................................... ................ 81 55 26 3 9.0 3 8.5 4 0 .5 6 4.0 0 65.5 0 61.0 0 5 3 2 4 3 1 7 3 4 6 1 5 21 16 5 13 9 4 C le r k s , a cc o u n tin g , c l a s s A ................................................. . 1 4 1 5 28 W om en B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n is t s -------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ............................................................................. 32 20 3 9.5 3 9.0 6 5 .5 0 6 8.0 0 T r a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l ........................ 27 4 0.0 64.0 0 T y p is t s , c l a s s B ...................... ............ ................................ ........... M a n u fa ctu rin g __________________________________________ 48 36 4 0.0 3 9.5 56.50 56.50 1 2 3 4 " . 2 2 4 1 4 3 10 4 '4 . " 4 " " - 1 - . . . . - - " " . . ■ “ - - - . . . - - “ " " 1 " 2 2 2 1 2 1 . . " ■ 1 " ■ “ " " - - " " ■ " - - - 4 4 - 7 7 - 4 2 2 13 4 9 7 7 6 1 14 10 4 4 5 3 2 1 6 5 1 1 . 4 1 3 . . - - - 10 8 2 10 7 3 5 5 ■ - - - - - - - ' ' ' " “ „ _ - - . . - 5 3 2 1 4 2 4 3 5 4 3 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 . 8 3 3 5 2 2 3 1 . . 12 7 17 14 10 8 3 2 • S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f le c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th ese w e e k ly h o u r s . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 4 at $ 1 2 5 to $ 1 3 0 ; 2 at $ 1 3 0 to $ 1 3 5 ; 2 at $ 1 5 0 to $ 1 5 5 . T he d e s c r i p t i o n f o r th is j o b h a s b e e n r e v i s e d s in ce the la s t s u r v e y in th is a r e a . See a p p en d ix A. T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . - ~ . _ . 5 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations-Men (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , G r e e n B a y , W is. , A u g u st 1961) N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F— A verage N um ber of w o rk ers O c c u p a t io n and in d u str y d iv is io n 30 29 D r a ft s m e n , s e n io r ________________________________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------- W e e k ly h o u rs 1 (S ta n d a rd ) W e e k ly e a rn in gs 1 (S tan d ard ) 39. 5 $ 115.00 115.00 39. 5 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 85. 00 $ 90. 00 96. 00 100. 00 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 H 5. 00 120. 00 1 2 5 .0 0 1$30. 00 135. 00 140. 00 and u n d er 90. 00 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 105. 00 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 120. 00 125. 00 1 3 0 .0 0 135. 00 1 4 0 .0 0 145. 00 2 2 4 4 2 2 3 3 1 1 2 1 10 10 4 4 2 2 " 1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f le c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r i e s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s . Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations-Men and Women Combined (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , G re e n B ay, W is. , A u g u st 1961) O c c u p a t io n and in d u str y d iv is io n Number of workers earnings 3 (Standard) O ffic e o c c u p a t io n s earnings3 (Standard) O ffic e o c c u p a t io n s — C on tin u ed B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ___________ 18 $ 5 5 . 00 C l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s A __________________________ ... ...... ...... _. __ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ----------------------------------------------------- 54 31 23 9 7. 50 9 0. 50 1 0 6 .5 0 C l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s B __________________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g ------------------------------------------------------------ 91 39 6 8. 00 69. 50 C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s C 2 -------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa c tu rin g ----------------------------------------------------- 16 16 4 8 . 50 4 8 . 50 C l e r k s , p a y r o l l --------------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g -----------------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa c tu rin g ___________________________________ P u b lic u t il it i e s 3 _________________________________ 50 29 21 19 7 6 .0 0 --------- 7T730----------82. 00 82. 50 K e y p u n ch o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B 2 ------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g ------------------------------------------------------------ Number of workers O cc u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l 2 --------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------------------------------------P u h l i r li ti 1i ti e s 3 ....... 90 55 35 21 $ 6 7 .0 0 65. 50 69. 50 75. 50 S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n is t s ------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ----------------------------------------------------------- 32 20 65. 50 68. 50 T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C ____________ 24 64. 00 T r a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l 27 64. 00 _________ T y p is t s , c l a s s B _______________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________________________ 50 ----------- j g ---------------- 56. 00 ----------- 5*750---------- 52. 50 56 --------- T7------------------ --------- 5S7TJTJ----------P r o f e s s io n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s ... ... . ... . . . __ M a n u fa ctu r in g -----------------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa c tu rin g ___________________________ ________ P n h lir u t ilit ie s 3 ....... .... .... p e r r e t a r ip q 87 53 34 18 84. 50 84. 00 85. 50 9 1 .0 0 D r a ftsm e n , s e n io r M a n u fa c t u r in g ______ _____________ _____ E a r n in g s a r e f o r a r e g u la r w o rk w e e k fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly s a la r i e s , T he d e s c r i p t i o n f o r th is j o b has b e e n r e v is e d sin ce the la s t s u r v e y in th is a r e a . See a p p en d ix A . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and oth e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . ______ ________ ____ ____ _ _ _______ e x c lu s iv e o f any p r e m iu m pay. 30 29 115. 00 115. 00 6 Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Green Bay, W is., August 1961) N U M B E R O F W O R K E B S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S O F — O c c u p a t io n and in d u s tr y d i v is i o n N u m b er of w orkers A verage h o u rly e a r n in g s U n der 1 $ 1.60 E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in te n a n ce ______________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________ 46 35 $ 2 .5 7 2 .5 2 E n g in e e r s , s t a t io n a r y ----------------------------------------- 40 2 .65 F ir e m e n , st a t io n a r y b o il e r ...................... ............... M a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------- ---------------------------- 59 36 2 .2 0 2 .1 5 5 3 H e lp e r s , m a in te n a n ce t r a d e s ___________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________ 70 65 2 .1 6 2.15 ‘ M a c h in is t s , m a in te n a n ce ________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________ 47 “ 45-------- - *1 .6 0 and u n d er 1.70 1.80 $ 1.80 *1.90 *2 ,0 0 *2 .1 0 *2.20 *2.30 1.90 2 .00 2 .10 2.20 2.30 2.40 1 1 4 4 3 2 2 3 - 1 1 7 7 - - 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 ’ . - - “ 1 1 - . - " ■ 3 1 . - • ~ 1 1 ' " " 6 6 16 16 8 8 ■ " “ - 69 59 43 2.61 2 .65 2 .72 M e c h a n ic s , m a in te n a n ce ------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------- 89 68 21 2 .45 2.41 2 .55 M illw r ig h ts --------------------------------- ------ -------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________ 70 70 2 .72 2 .72 - - ~ - O ile r s ..................................................................................... M a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------------------------------------- 27 23 2.31 2 .3 3 - - - - P a in t e r s , m a in te n a n ce ---------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________________ 21 20 2 .3 6 2 .3 8 “ - “ - 21 21 " - 2 .90 2 .90 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 3 - M e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e (m a in te n a n ce ) ________ ____________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 ___________________________ T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ................- ..................................... M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________________ 2 2 - 2.69 2 .68 “ $ 1.70 2 2 - S * , 2 .6 0 $ $ $ $ 3 .00 2.40 * 2 .5 0 2.50 2.60 2 .7 0 1 1 13 13 4 3 4 13 1 6 - - - _ . 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 4 4 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 2 .9 0 3 .00 3 .10 - 9 3 - $ 3 .10 3 .20 $ 3.20 and over 1 1 12 7 7 3 3 12 12 9 3 12 - - 35 35 20 20 2 1 5 2 . _ . . • “ ~ “ . . - ~ - 1 1 22 22 7 7 6 6 ’ 2 2 7 6 1 1 . . 6 6 13 12 12 17 15 9 11 11 11 - ■ 10 10 10 . - ■ 7 3 1 . - 2 1 ■ . - ■ “ 4 1 3 8 2 6 3 2 1 11 11 “ 9 6 3 9 5 4 4 4 2 2 7 7 “ ~ _ “ - ' - ’ - 13 13 29 29 21 21 - 5 5 - - 2 2 7 7 9 5 1 1 . . ■ 10 10 . ■ - ~ • _ ■ 1 1 . * 9 9 1 1 6 6 . . . . . 1 - . 5 5 . . . * ■ . “ 1 1 " . 1 1 _ . . . . ■ - - - - 7 7 . 4 4 3 3 2 2 7 Table A -5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Green Bay, W is., August 1961) N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G Occupation 12 and industry division N um b er of w o rk ers A verage h o u rly 2 e a rn in gs $ Under 1.10 and $ under 1.10 1.20 Janitors, porters, and cleaners (men) -----------Manufacturing -------- ------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ......................... ......................... Public utilities 3 __________________________ 156 118 38 20 $ 1.96 2.00 1.85 2.03 1 1 ‘ - Janitors, porters, and cleaners (women) ----Manufacturing _____________________ __________ 32 23 1.54 1.67 2 " 2 1 2.16 2.01 2.34 2.33 _ - Laborers, material handling .............. .......... *-----Manufacturing .............. ................ ............. ,............. Nonmanufacturing ___________________________.. Public utilities 3 __________________________ Order fillers ____________________________ ______ Manufacturing _____________ ________________ 436 237 199 100 80 51 $ 1.20 $ 1.30 $ 1.40 $ 1.50 *1.60 $ 1.70 $ 1.80 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 5 5 1 8 8 2 6 1 - 6 6 ■ . 1 1 1 1 - $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $ 2.30 $ 2.40 $ 2.50 *2.60 $ 2.70 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 7 6 1 ■ 13 12 1 1 38 31 7 4 20 18 2 1 58 50 8 7 3 . 3 3 1 _ 1 1 _ _ - _ . _ . _ _ - - - - - “ 1 1 _ _ _ 9 9 . . . - ■ " 6 6 2 2 4 4 - 7 6 1 " _ " 3 3 - 11 10 1 - 7 7 " . - 47 47 - 49 34 15 - 119 116 3 3 81 4 77 77 - 88 3 85 3 . 6 6 4 4 . ■ 2 2 2 2 30 30 8 - 4 4 21 - . 4 8 2 - 2.12 1.97 2 2 . " ■ 1 1 ~ . . . _ 1 . 2 2 ■ " ■ 2 1 1 - " " 6 6 - 4 4 - 3 2 1 " 11 6 5 - 5 3 2 " 4 2 2 2 _ - _ " 2 1 ■ _ - - 3 3 - 1 - 2 1 4 - 4 2 - 2 2 2 96 96 22 Receiving clerks _______________________ ________ 20 2.27 Truckdrivers 4 --------- ------------------- ----------------- Manufacturing _________________ .____________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________________ Public utilities 3 __-_______________________ 139 26 113 82 2.54 2.25 2.61 2.75 ■ “ Truckdrivers, medium ( 1 V2 to and including 4 tons) -----------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ________________________ Public utilities 3 _________ _____________ 82 71 64 2.61 2.67 2.75 “ - Truckers, power (forklift) ------------------------- ---Manufacturing _______________________________ 207 171 2.23 2.20 - - " - - - 3 3 Watchmen _______________________________________ Manufacturing __________ ___________________ 45 35 1.82 1.88 1 2 2 2 . 1 1 2 1 10 9 - - ■ Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated. Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Includes all drivers regardless of size and type of truck operated. 1.90 % 1 ” . 1 2 3 4 S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S O F— 2 2 2 ~ 8 8 19 19 42 42 4 4 5 2 14 14 “ - 2 _ 2 2 15 15 15 - - - 4 1 _ _ 6 6 _ “ - 14 _ 14 - 82 2 80 80 . _ _ _ - _ - - 64 62 62 - 14 - 3 3 - 9 Appendix A: Changes in Occupational Descriptions Since the Bureau’ s last survey in this area, occupational descriptions for three office jobs were revised in order to obtain salary information for more specific categories. Therefore, data presented for these jobs in table A -l are not comparable to data presented in last year’ s bulletin. Revisions were made in the descriptions for file clerks, key punch operators, and stenographers. The revised description for file clerk groups these workers into three levels (class A, B, and C) in stead of two (class A and B). The revised description for keypunch operator groups these workers into two defined classes (A and B) instead of a single category. Previously data were presented separately for general stenographers and technical stenographers. The revision combines general stenographers, with more responsible duties, and technical stenographers to form a new senior stenographer category; other general stenographers are maintained in that classification. The revised occupational descriptions used this year are in cluded in appendix B. 11 Appendix B: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, 'and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHIN E OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Biller, machine (billing machine)—Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (hookkeeping machine)—Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers* ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. Class A—Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B—Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A—Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 12 CLERK, ACCOUNTING-Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac counting clerks. Class B—Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A—In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B—Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. Class C—Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Class A-Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class B—Under close supervision or following specific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and SECRETARY-Continued making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographer speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from genera) instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. 14 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPE RATOR-Continued Class C—Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A—Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports, Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B—Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A—Performs one or more of the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B—Performs one or more of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance pol icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 15 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (As sis tan t draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec trical, mechanical, or structural drafting. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in goodrepair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter required rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 16 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance elctricians requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establish ments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-Indus try wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water and safety valve. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working 17 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE-Continued MILLWRIGHT properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the -plant layout are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in die trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacementpart by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates *with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 18 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued ana fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent trainingand experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, die work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. 19 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Ship ping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform dther related duties. Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 20 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over^the-road drivers are excluded. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1% tons) Truckdriver, medium (llA to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. U.S. GOVERNM ENT PRIN TIN G O F FIC E : 1961 0 - 6 1 7 8 7 3