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DENVER, COLORADO
November 1 9 4 9
Bulletin No. 985
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
MAURICE J. TOBIN, SECRETARY
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Ewan Clague, Commissioner
CONTENTS
Pag©
Number
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................
The City of Denver ..............................................................
Denver labor and indu s tr y........ ..............................................
Sampling and characteristies of the data .................................. .
1
1
2
2
OCCUPATIONAL BATE STRUCTURE .....................
Office clerical occupations .............................
Maintenance occupations ................................................
Custodial, warehousing and trucking occupations ........... .....................
Characteristic industry occupations •••••••••••......... ........................
Railroad occupations
s
Union wage scales .............. ............................................ ••••
3
3
SUPPLEMENTARY WAGE PRACTICES ..............................................
TABLES:
1. Establishments and workers and number studied .............................
2. Average earnings for selected office occupations ••....•••••••••............
3. Average earnings for selected maintenance, custodial, warehousing and
trucking occupations .......
Average earnings for selected occupations in metalworking industries ........
5. Average earnings for selected occupations in department and clothing
stores .......................................
6 . Average earnings far selected occupations in restaurants and cafeterias....
7. Average earnings for selected occupations in banks ..........
8 . Average earnings for selected occupations in office building service .......
9. Average earnings for selected occupations in power laundries.... •••••••••••
10. Average hourly earnings for selected occupations in hotels .......... .......
11. Average earnings for selected occupations in auto repair shops .............
12. Average earnings for selected occupations in the railroad industry..........
13. Union wage scales for selected trades in bakeries, building construction,
printing, and for local-transit operating employees .......................
1^. Shift-differential provisions in manufacturing industries ..................
15. Scheduled weekly hours ............................................
16. Paid holidays .......... ..................................... ...............
17. Paid vacations..... .......................................•••••••.....•••••
18. Paid sick leave .................... .................................. .......
19. Nonproduction bonuses ......................
20. Insurance and pension plans ................ ................................
U
1*
4
5
5
3
6
13
16
17
17
18
18
19
19
19
20
20
20
21
21
22
23
2k
2k
APPENDIX:
Descriptions of occupations surveyed ............................
25
INDEX
37
INTRODUCTION l/
Occupational wage rate information on a community basis serves a variety of impor
tant uses. For example, employers frequently find it necessary to compare wage and salary
scales in their own establishments with the general local levelB of pay. Both unions and
employers use community wage information in collective bargaining. Various branches of the
Federal Government set wage scales for their day-rate personnel cn the basis of community-wide
surveys. Firms seeking locations for new plants, distribution outlets, or new offices usually
give consideration to such information. In the administration of placement in connection with
unemployment compensation, area wage statistics are needed in the evaluation of the suitability
of job offers. In many types of general economic analysis, information on wages by community
and type of work is crucial.
For these reasons, the U. S, Department of Labor through the Bureau of Labor Statistics
has given increasing emphasis to area wage studies, generally, up to this point, with respect
to specific industries. The cross-industry approach has been used mainly in the field of of
fice-clerical occupations in recent years. 2 /
In the present survey of wages in Denver, Colorado, cross-industry sampling methods
were applied to Industrial occupations generally. For example, earnings data were compiled on
a cross-induetry basis for the following types of occupations: (a) office-clerical; (b) skilled
maintenance; and (c) Jobs, generally unskilled, related to the performance of custodial, ware
housing, anil trucking functions. Other occupations that are characteristic of particular,
important, local industries are studied as heretofore on an industry basis, within the frame
work of the colon-unity wage survey. Even for those occupational categories that lend them
selves to a study on a cross-industry basis, separate data are provided wherever possible for
individual industry divisions. In addition to information on wage rates, data on supplemen
tary benefits, such as paid vacations, paid holidays, and paid sick leave are also collected
and tabulated.
The community wage survey of Denver was made in cooperation with other Federal agen
cies. It was essentially experimental, in an effort to determine whether a single, unified
wage survey would meet the needs of these individual agencies as well as the needs of employ
ers, unions, and the general public.
The City of Denver
Denver is the political capital of the State of Colorado. With a population of
about 1*10,000 currently and set in a broad plateau more than 5,200 feet above sea level, it
is the highest large city in the United States. Among the largest cities of the country, it
ranks twenty-fifth. It is among the youngest of great American cities, having been founded
little more than 90 years ago.
Canparatively isolated in the vast Rocky Mountain West,
center of manufacturing and commercial activities, of finance, of
for a land area comprising almost a third the continental United
business and trading center for an entire region of great natural
Denver has grown to be the
culture, and of government
States. It is the natural
resources: Arizona, Colo-
l/ Prepared in the Bureau's Division of Wage Statistics by John L. Dana, Regional Wage
Analyst, Region V, San Francisco, California.
2/ Conmunity wage studies were made in 19^9 l11 the following cities: Grand Rapids, Mich.;
Portland, Me.; Rockford, 111.; Shreveport, La.; Spokane, Wash.; and Trenton, N. J.
2
rado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. From the mountains, copper, iron, coal,
and many other metallic and non-metallic minerals are taken in abundance. Colorado, Montana,
and Wyoming have petroleum and natural gas deposits. Recent developments in the extraction of
fuel oils from shale rock in Wyoming portend much for a new industry which may revolutionize
present-day methods in the production of combustible fuels. Rich farmlands and grazing areas
provide a wealth of livestock for Denver stockyards, and dairy products and other foodstuffs
for Denver homes.
Denver labor and industry
Denver industries produce a wide variety of products. About a fourth of a total of
almost 30,000 factory workers are employed in establishments manufacturing mining machinery,
high-speed machine tools, precision instruments, heavy industrial equipment, and other metal
products. Meat packing, employing upwards of 3,000 persons, constitutes the city's most im
portant industry measured by value of product. Denver Union Stock Yards is one of the larg
est sheep markets in the country, ninth as a cattle market, and thirteenth as a hog market.
Other food processing, which includes a flourishing milk and dairy products industry, bread
and bakery products, flour milling and candy manufacturing, accounts for employment of close
to 6,000 Denver workers. The city is well known as an important producer of rubber products
and luggage and leather goods. These activities employ regularly another 5,000 workers. In
the apparel field, the city is a recognized leader in work clothing and uniform manufacture.
Located in the center of a rich market demanding all types of goods and services,
Denver naturally has great numbers employed in the distributive trades, finance, and other
services. In wholesale and retail trade alone, there are upwards of 35>000 salespersons and
related workers. The service industries, which include recreational and amusement facilities
for a year-round influx of tourists, are important to the Denver economy, providing employment
for more than 10,000. Seven great railway systems, one of the country's major airports, the
base of a communications network linking all points of the inland West, and utilities which
furnish water, power, and public transportation also support huge pay rolls and contribute in
no small measure to the aggregate income of Denver workers.
A booming building industry which during 19^9 constructed more than 5,000 new homes
for Denver's Increasing population employs almost 10,000 craftsmen and laborers.
City and State government administration provide careers for a great number of
Denverites and for dwellers in nearby communities as well. These civil workers, however, are
considerably outnumbered by employees of the United States in 220 administrative offices of
departments, bureaus, and divisions of the Federal Government. Denver is a principal United
States administrative center. It is the focal point for vast reclamation projects and the
site for a major Air Forces Technical School, one of the largest veterans' hospitals, an arse
nal, an ordnance plant, and a United States Mint.
In November 19*+9, three-fifths of the plant workers in the industries and size groups
covered in the survey were employed in establishments that reported written agreements with
labor unions. The proportion of workers in non-office Jobs covered by union agreements varied
greatly, however, among the Industry divisions studied. Nearly all workers in the transporta
tion, communication, and other public utilities group and approximately two-thirds of the plant
force in manufacturing and wholesale trade weie employed in union establishments. In contrast,
a third of the plant workers in retail trade and about a seventh in the services group were
covered by agreements. With the exception of employees in offices of railroads, comparatively
few office workers were employed under union contract terms.
Sampling and characteristics of the data
The study of occupational wages in Denver covered 6 broad industry divisions and,
except for auto repair shops and office building service, only establishments with more than
20 workers were studied* Repair departments of retail automobile dealer establishments and
general automobile repair garages employing 5 or more workers were surveyed. Owners, lessees,
or managers employing 8 or more workers were included in the survey of office building service.
Smaller establishments were omitted because they furnished insufficient employment in the oc
cupations studied to warrant their inclusion in the survey. A greater proportion of large
than of small establishments was studied in order to maximize the proportion of workers sur
veyed with available resources. Each group of establishments of a certain size, however, was
given Its proper weight In the computation of the data.
More than a fourth of the 82 thousand workers employed in November 1949 in the in
dustry divisions and size groups studied are accounted for In the 79 men* s jobs and 1*6 women* s
jobs for which earnings data are presented in the accompanying tables (tables 2 through 12).
The office jobs studied alone accounted far almost 10,000 workers— 1,925 men, 7,755 women. The
largest Job categories, among those studied and presented on a cross-Industry basis, were:
truck drivers (1,774 men); stock handlers and hand truckers (1,687 men); general stenographers
(1>395 women); order fillers (1,087 men); Janitors, porters and cleaners (872 men, 129 women);
and clerk-typists (963 women). jJ The largest job category studied in a characteristic local
industry was the waitress classification in restaurants and cafeterias (1,024 women).
The earnings information in the report excludes overtime pay and nonproduction bo
nuses but includes Incentive earnings for those workers employed under some form of incentive
wage system. The monetary value of perquisites such as meals provided for restaurant workers
or lodging accomodations for hotel employees is not reflected in the earnings data shown for
these workers; nor is consideration given in the averages reported to gratuities received by
such workers. Weekly hours, reported for office, banking, and department and clothing store
occupations, refer to the work schedules for which the salaries are paid. The number of work
ers presented refers to the estimated total employment in all establishments within the scope
of the study and not to the number actually surveyed. Data are shown only for full-time work
ers; that is, those who were hired to work the establishment's full-time schedule for the
given occupational classification.
Information on wage practices refers to all office workers and to all plant workers
as specified in the individual tables. It is presented in terms of the proportion of all work
ers employed in offices (or plant departments) that observe the practice in question, except
in the first section of table 15, where scheduled weekly hours of women office workers alone
are presented. Because of eligibility requirements, the proportion actually receiving the
specific benefits may be smaller. The summary of vacation and sick leave plans is limited to
formal arrangements. It excludes informal plans whereby time off with pay is granted at the
discretion of the employer or other supervisor. Sick leave plans are further limited to those
providing full pay for at least some amount of time off and exclude health Insurance even
though it is paid for by employers.
3/
Exclusive of employment in the railroad industry
Table 1 .— ESTABLISHMENTS AND WORKERS IN MAJOR INDUSTRY DIVISIONS IN DENVER, COLORADO AND NUMBER STUDIED BY
THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, NOVEMBER 19^9
Employment
Number of establishments
Item
Estimated Estimated
total
total in
all indus within
scope of
tries l/
study 2/
Studied
Estimated Estimated
total
total in
all indus within
scope of
tries l/
study 2/
In establishments
studied
Total
Office
Industry Division
All divisions ••••••........... ........ .
Manufacturing .............. .
Nonmanufacturing........................
Wholesale trade ........... ..... .....
Retail trade
Finance, Insurance, and real estate ....
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
utilities...... .............. .....
Railroads ...................... ••••••
Services 3 / ......... .............. ...
1,718
820
27l*
9 3 ,6 0 0
82,000
1*6 ,8 7 0
12,630
298
230
73
26,600
25,700
13,000
2,630
1,1*20
383
1*1*3
182
590
162
166
79
201
26
62
33
67,000
12,500
20,000
5 ,3 0 0
56,300
9,600
16,1*00
1*,000
3 3 ,8 7 0
2,260
10,01*0
2 ,3 5 0
10,000
900
1,1*00
2,11*0
82
9
321
56
9
118
22
5
53
13,900
5 ,7 0 0
9,600
13,600
5 ,7 0 0
7,000
10,280
1*,1*1*0
1*,500
3,610
1 ,2 7 0
680
1 ,7 1 8
820
27I*
93,600
82,000
1*6 ,8 7 0
12,630
9
13
21*
107
170
U77
(£/)
9
10
11*
56
71
109
(2/)
16,1*00
10,1*00
9,000
18,000
12,500
15,1*00
11,900
16,1*00
10,1*00
9,000
18,000
12,500
15,1*00
(2/)
16,1*00
7 ,5 9 0
5 ,1*70
9,010
5,000
3 ,3 3 0
(2/)
5,000
1,690
890
2,660
1,290
1,090
(2/)
Size of Establishment
All size groups .........................
1,001 and over ..... ........ .........
501 - 1,000 ..........................
251 - 500 ............................
101 - 250 ............................
51 - 100 .............................
21 - 50 ..............................
8 - 2 0 ...............................
9
13
21*
107
170
1*77
918
l/ Includes establishments with 8 or more workers in the Denver Mstropoiltan Area (Adams, Arapahoe, Denver, and Jef
ferson Counties).
2 / Office, maintenance, custodial, warehousing, and trucking Jobs reported in tables 2 , 3 and 12 were surveyed in
establishments with more than 2 0 workers; exceptions made in industries in which characteristic Jobs were surveyed
are noted in footnotes to tables 1* through 11.
3/ Personal services; business services; automobile repair services; such professional services as engineering,
architectural, accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping firms; motion pictures; and nonprofit membership organizations.
3
OCCUPATIONAL RATE STRUCTURE
In general, wage and salary rates advanced during 19^9* The number of workers ob
taining wage Increases through collective bargaining was smaller than In previous postwar
years, and increases, where obtained, ware below the amounts received in earlier years. Changes
in supplementary wage practices were also negotiated during the year although probably not to
the same extent as earlier. Cn the other hand, many contracts were renegotiated with no changes
whatever. Rate adjustments of more than 10 cents an hour occurred chiefly in the railroads,
printing industries, and the building trades. Emphasis on pensions, health and welfare plans,
and other non-wage benefits was not notable in Denver bargaining until late in the year after
settlements had been concluded in several large mass production industries in the East. Prob
ably the two most notable wage developments during the year, from a Denver standpoint, were
those covering the Nation*s railroad and Federal Government employees. In Denver, several
thousand non-operating railroad workers received a moderate wage increase and a reduced work
week, and an even larger number of United States Government enployees, including members of
the armed forces, were granted salary increases by vote of the Congress, bf
In the discussion of wages which follows, four main occupational groupings are dis
tinguished:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1*)
Office clerical occupations
Maintenance occupations
Custodial, warehousing, and trucking occupations
Characteristic industry occupations
The first three groups were studied cn a cross-industry basis. These occupations are typically
found in all or a number of industries. In the main, the characteristic Industry occupations
are peculiar to a specific industry.
Information for the railroad industry is presented separately in this report and
has not been combined with the data in any of the other tables. This has been done in recog
nition of the fact that wages in the railroad industry bear strong Imprints of Interstate
considerations that have evolved over a long period of time. Same of these general considera
tions are: Nation-wide uniformity in rates of pay for certain key occupations; uniform Nation
wide minimum rates that affect the entire range of occupational rates;
special modes of
wage payment and related practices.
Office clerical occupations
Women general stenographers averaged $1*2.00 a week in November 19**9* Among the 26
Jobs studied, average weekly salaries for women ranged from $31*50 (routine file clerks) to
$65*00 (accountants). Among the general clerk categories, the average for the Junior stage
was $3^*50; the intermediate, $1*0.00; and the senior, $53*00. Secretaries were receiving
$1*9.00, on the average, and clerk-typists, $37*00. Differences in salaries paid for like Jobs
were slight between manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, with some advantage held
by women in manufacturing establishments (table 2). Within the nonmanufacturing group of in-
kj Non-operating employees of railroads went on a 5-day 1*0-hour week on September 1, 19^9 >
with maintenance of their l*8-hour pay; in addition, wage rates were increased by 7 cents an
hour, retroactive to October 1, 19**8. Most salaried Federal employees in Denver, including
the military, received an upward adjustment during October-December 19^9* Wage board employ
ees of the Army and Air Farce, whose hourly rates are determined on the basis of local wage
levels, received an increase in December 19**8 but did not participate in the 191*9 adjustments.
4.
dustries, hcwever, variations were vide: workers in the transportation (excluding railroads),
ccannunlcation, and other public utilities group of industries were paid from $5 *00 to $ 10.00
a week more than their counterparts in retail trade, finance, insurance, and real estate, and
services.
Average salaries of men ranged from $30.50 for office boys to $ 85.50 for senior ac
countants. General clerks at the Junior level were receiving $43.00, intermediate, $48.00,
and senior, $63.00. Accounting clerks were at an average weekly scale of $56.00 and order
clerks averaged $ 51*50* A comparison of salaries paid men and women in the same Jobs shows a
wage advantage of $7.00 or more far men in most af the Jobs in which both sexes were employed.
Differences in average salaries for men and women in particular occupations generally do not
reflect differences in rates within the same establishment.
Maintenance occupations
Electricians, carpenters, and machinists employed in maintenance work averaged $1 .60,
$1.56* and $1.55 an hour, respectively. Mechanics, outnumbered only by machinists among the
specialized maintenance crafts, were paid $1.52 on an all-industry basis. The general average
for helpers enq>loyed to assist these Journeymen was $1.25 an hour. General utility maintenance
men, found principally in smaller establishments where specialization in maintenance work is
impractical, were paid $1.42 on an all-industry basis; averages were $1.41 in manufacturing
and $1.43 in nonmanufacturing. In each of these maintenance trades, rates paid in nonmanu
facturing industries were higher than those in manufacturing (table 3 ).
Custodial, warehousing, and trucking occupations
Men janitors, porters, and cleaners on an all-industry basis averaged 89 cents an
hour (table 3 ). Variations in rate of pay for this work category were wide-spread with some
individuals receiving less than 65 cents an hour and others earning as much as $ 1 .25 . In
part, explanation of this dispersion lay in differences among the industry groups; the average
rate in the service group was 78 cents as against a $1.00 average in the transportation (ex
cluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities group. Women employed in the
Job averaged 10 cents cm hour less than men, on an all-industry basis.
Stock handlers and hand truckers employed in the city's factories, warehouses, and
stores (representing almost 1,800 workers) averaged $1.15 an hour. Order fillers, another
large group, averaged a cent less, or $1.14 an hour.
Fork-lift operators received $1.20.
Drivers handling light pick-up and local delivery trucks were earning $1.13 an hour
in November 1949, on the average. Drivers of medium-size trucks (l l/2 to 4 tons) averaged 5
cents more; operators of heavy, trailer-type trucks were at an average of $1.48. Many indi
vidual truckers driving heavy-duty equipment were at hourly rates upward of $1.70. Among the
lighter truck operations, rates for drivers in manufacturing industries were higher than in
nonmanufacturing.
Characteristic industry occupations
In Denver's metalworking industries, production machinists averaged $1.51 an hour
(table 4). Tool and die makers, the highest paid among the 17 occupations studied, averaged
$1.62 and Class C drill-press operators, the lowest paid, averaged $1.06. Class A hand weld
ers, the largest occupational group, were at an hourly average of $ 1 .56, as were Class A as
semblers. Class B assemblers averaged $1.26. Among foundry classifications, hand coremakers
were paid $ 1.60 and floor molders $ 1 .57, on the average.
Pates in plants manufacturing machinery {except electrical machinery), an important
segment of the metalworking industries in Denver, were generally higher than scales in metal
working considered as a whole* Although average earnings of production machinists in machinery
establishments were at the same figure, $1,51, as in all metalworking, Class A hand welders
were at $1.72 in machinery (l6 cents over the metalworking average), Class A assemblers were
at $1.63 (7 cents over metalworking), and Class B assemblers were at $1.31 (5 cents over metal
working) . On the ether hand, independent ferrous foundry rates apart from all foundry oper
ations in the city--independent and captive, ferrous and nonferrous - -were 3 to 6 cents under
the over-all industry scales for the four Jobs studied.
Wage adjustments increasing rates from h to 12 cents an hour are indicated by a com
parison of November 1949 machinery scales with data collected by the Bureau in a study a year
earlier. Production machinists, averaging $1.51 at the close of 19^9, were at a 6-cent higher
level than they were in November 1948, A comparison of rates for ferrous foundry workers over
the 1 -year span shows little change for all four classifications studied--hand coremakers,
floor molders, chippers and grinders, and shake-out men,
A percentage of sales, or a commission,was typically paid to sales clerks in Denver
department and clothing stores. This arrangement resulted in average earnings of $75*00 week
ly for men selling men's clothing and $54.50 fbrmen in men's furnishing departments (table 5)*
Women averaged $49.00 selling women's coats and suits, $^4.50 in women's dresses and $40.50 in
women's accessories. In non-selling Jobs, men bulk packers received $39*50 a week, on the
average, and women tailors who performed alterations on women's garments averaged $ 36.00.
Pestaurants and cafeterias in Denver provide employment to several thousand workers.
More than 1,000 waitresses, for example, were employed among establishments with more than 20
workers in November 1949* This occupational group averaged 51 cents an hour, exclusive of
their gratuities and the value of free meals (table 6 ). All-around cooks (men) averaged $1.07.
Average hourly pay for men in related Jobe were: 87 cents for short-order cooks; 78 cents for
counter attendants; and 56 cents for bus boys. Rates for the highest-paid workers exceeded
the lowest rates in the same Jobe by 40 or.more cents an hour.
Men bank tellers were paid average weekly salaries of $55*00 in commercial paying,
or paying and receiving departments; $47*00 in savings departments. Differences in salaries
among individual tellers were extreme, running as high as $ 30*00 weekly in some cases (table
7 ). These variations, not uncommon in banks, were partly due to differences in length of serv
ice among the tellers; thus, tellers in commercial paying, or paying and receiving departments
with lesB than 5-yaars* service averaged $51.00; with 5 years or more service, $59*50* Women
tellers in commsrcial paying, or paying and receiving departments, averaged $33.50 weekly;
women in savings departments averaged $41.00.
Licensed stationary engineers in Denver's downtown office buildings averaged $1.26
an hour in June 1949. Men and women cleaners were paid at about the same rate; men averaging
74 cents, women 75 cents.
Women operating passenger elevators were paid an average of 76
cents an hour (table 8).
Women operating flatwork finish machines in laundries averaged 59 cents In November
1949* Women on machine shirt-pressing operations averaged 65 cents. Men extractor operators;
and washer operators averaged 81 cents and $1.00, respectively (table 9)* Comparisons of data
with those in a Bureau survey conducted 17 months earlier (July 1948) Indicate increases in
average hourly earnings over the period amounting to 2 to 5 cents an hour* Bundle wrappers,
for example, averaged 65 cents in November 19^9 as compared with 60 cents in July 1948.
Chambermaids in Denver hotels were paid an average of 53 cents at the time of the
study. Women elevator operators in hotels averaged 59 cents as a group, or 17 cents below
the average rate recorded for women operators employed in office buildings. Men room clerks,
the highest-paid group studied In hotels, averaged 91 cents an hour with rates exceeding $ 1.20
paid to a few individuals (table 11).
Automotive mechanics (class A) working in Denver auto repair shops and repair depart
ments of dealer establishments averaged $1.68 an hour. In other jobs concerned with the care
and upkeep of automobiles, body repairmen averaged $ 1 .59# greasers, $ 1 .05 , and washers, 92
cents (table 11). A Bureau survey conducted 17 months earlier (July 1948) showed levels for
these Jobs 7 to 18 cents an hour more than in the current study. Since earnings in the re
pair jobs in this industry are predominantly based on incentive methods of pay, the lower
earnings in November 1949 probably reflect a lower volume of business in Denver’s auto repair
shops in the winter months.
Railroad occupations
Rates of pay in selected office Jobs, shop and warehouse jobs, and for track main
tenance labor in the railroad industry in Denver are presented in table 12. Average weekly
pay in railroad offices ranged from $46.50 for office boys to $ 66.00 paid to men pay-roll
clerks and accounting clerks. Women general stenographers averaged $59.00 for a 40-hour week.
Straight-time average hourly rates among 5 skilled maintenance trades ranged from
$1.72 for painters to $1.75 for blacksmiths. Helpers to workers in the maintenance crafts were
paid $1.44 an hour on the average. Fork-lift operators and stock handlers received $1.39 an
hour and track laborers, $1.24. Men and women employed as janitors (or porters and cleaners)
averaged $1.23 and $1.22, respectively. In contrast to the dispersion of rates in individual
Jobs noted in most of the industries studied, railroad workers were closely grouped about the
average for the occupation.
Union wage scales
Recent surveys of union wag© scales conducted by the Bureau provide a measure of
wage levels for building trades workers, employees of bakeries, printing craftsmen, and local
transit operating employees in Denver.
As of January 1950# the basic hourly wage scale among 7 major trades of union work
ers in the construction industry ranged from $1.40 for building laborers to $ 3.00 for brick
layers. Minimum scales for plasterers were $2.50, electricians $2.41, plumbers $2.40, car
penters $2.10, and painters $2.05. These rates reflect increases over early 1949 scales of
from 12 l/2 cents to 75 cents an hour among 5 classifications. No rate raises were received
by carpenters and building laborers during 1949 *
Union agreements with Denver bakeries (hand shops and machine shops) provided for
minimum hourly scales of $1.40 for dough mixers and ovenmen and $1.35 for bench hands in July
1949* These scales were Identical with rates in effect a year earlier, the date of a previous
survey.
Hand compositors in book and Job printing establishments had a basic union scale of
$2.144 an hour on October 1, 1949 ; 39*4 cents more than the rate in effect in January 1948.
Machine operators worked at the same rate and had experienced the same increase. In newspaper
publishing, hand compositors and machine operators received $2,455 for day work and $2,577 far
night work, according to the union agreement. These scales were up 24.8 cents and 26.8 cents,
respectively, over January 1948 rates*
5.
Operators of ‘busses and trolley coaches and streetcar motormen and conductors had a
minimum scale of $ 1.27 for the first 3 months of service, $ 1.28 for the next 9 months, and
$1.29 after 1 year of service. Two more 1-cent steps brought the basic rate to $1.31 after 2
years of service. These scales, as of October 1, 191*9> rspreeant an advance of 5 cents an hour
over rates which prevailed in October 19^8.
SUPPLEMENTARY WAGE PRACTICES
Extra shift operation, representing about 10 percent of total factory workers, was
in practice among larger Denver manufacturing plants.
Payment of differentials over firstshift rates was typical for both second- and third-shift workers. The amount of the differ
ential varied, however, among Industries and the plants studied, ranging from under 5 to over
10 cents an hour additional for both second and third shifts (table ll*). In the machinery
industries, where shift operation was most prevalent, all second-shift workers Wei's being paid
more than a 5-cent-per-hour premium and third-shift workers were receiving over 10 cents per
hour additional.
The ^0-hour week was most common for office workers in all industries, but not gen
eral for non-office workers except in manufacturing and transportation, coanmunication, and
other public utilities (table 15). Among office workers, 1 in every 8 worked a shorter week
than 1*0 hours in finance, insurance, and real estate. On the other hand, all but a little
over 10 percent of plant workers in the service industries were on a weekly schedule of more
than 1*0 hours; most, more than 1*1* hours. In retail trade, half of the salespeople were on a
scheduled workweek of 1*1* hours or more.
Provisions for paid holidays were in effect for nearly all office workers and for
about three-fourths of the plant workers (table 16). The most typical arrangement was for
observance of 6 holidays throughout the year except in the finance, insurance, and real estate
group in which 9 to 11 days was the general practice.
Almost all Denver establishments allowed paid vacations to both office and plant
workers after one year of service (table 17)* For office workers a 2 -week vacation was most
typical, particularly in finance, insurance, and real estate, manufacturing, and services.
Most plant workers in all industries qualified for only a 1-week vacation at the completion
of 1 year of service. A 2-week vacation was the general practice for plant workers in all
industries except manufacturing at the completion of the fifth service year.
About a third of the office workers and an eighth of the plant workers were employed
in establishments having formal provisions for paid sick leave (table 18). Allowances ranged
from 5 days to more than 12 days a year for both office and non-office employees having at
least one year of service with the company.
In some firms, principally in transportation,
communication, and other public utilities, more liberal provisions were granted after longer
periods of service. In the main, however, advanced years of service of employees were not
recognized by extensions of sick leave allowances.
Nonproduction bonuses supplemented annual earnings in establishments employing about
1 of every 2 office workers and 2 of every 5 plant workers (table 19) • Typically, they con
sisted of Christmas or year-end payments, although various types of profit-sharing plans were
prevalent in manufacturing. More than half of all workers, office and non-office, in whole
sale trade were employed in establishments which granted Christmas or year-end bonuses.
Insurance or pension plans, to which employers contributed part or all of the cost,
covered almost three-quarters of the office workers and a slightly smaller proportion of plant
workers (table 20). Life insurance plans were the most commonly accepted security measures
for both plant and office employees in all industries, but programs for retirement pensions
were in effect for a substantial number of workers in the transportation, communication, and
other public utilities group.
6.
Title 2.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS
(Average earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours
for selected occupations by industry division)
Sex, occupation, and industry division
2/
ng straightAverage
$
$
$
$
$
$
1
T
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
f
$
J
Weekly
Hourly Weekly Under 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 Ho. 00 H2.50 H5.00 H7.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50
Number
sched earn- earnand
of
$
uled
ings 25.00 under
ings
workers
hours
27.50 JO. 00 32.50 35.00 37-50 Ho. 00 H 2.50 H5.00 H7.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00
75.00
and
Men
Finance, insurance, and real estate ••
Billers, machine (billing machine) j/ ............
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
—
—
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
13
13
-
l
1
-
-
-
-
6
6
20
20
20
20
-
-
—
—
—
—
—
6
20
20
—
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
__
_
-
_
-
-
_
2.15
-
1.89
79.50
—
—
—
1.61
1.71
1.60
66.00
70.00
65.00
79.00
63.50
_
_
-
_
-
H i. 50
Ho. 50
-
-
-
.9 2
Ho. 50
1 .3 8
1 .3 9
1 .3 7
1 .^ 3
5 8 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
15
H 2 .0
H 2.5
H 2 .0
H i . 1!
H l.O
HO. 5
HH. 5
22
22
23
13
41.5
20
1+1.0
52
2b
1+1.5
1+0.5
13
1+2.0
273
32
2Hl
38
15
HO. 5
Hl.O
HO. 5
H2.0
39-5
50
US
HH.O
HH.O
. 9 *+
.9 2
US
HH.O
13s
U2
9b
UU
lU
Transportation (excluding railroads), communicaAccountants
$2.06
$85.5°
SS.50
SH.OO
S7.00
72
2.16
2.02
l.SS
1.61
_
Transportation (excluding railroads), communicatWAUU,
4 AU AVNA A+Vs At* WlVll A ^ ~ ..............
1 ^ ^ ftS ............................
. A«
See footnotes at end of table.
. ..
w
—
—
6
2
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
12
2
10
20
13
-
20
2
5
-
-
l
-
2
-
_
-
-
u
1
-
-
-
u
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
1 .2 U
5 5 .0 0
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
U
1
2
-
1 -3 2
5 8 .0 0
5 3 .5 0
2
u
H l.O
H l.O
l.U U
l.U U
5 9 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
_
-
-
-
_
-
-
2
2
-
-
1
1
-
-
H 2.5
H 3 .0
H i. 5
1 .0 9
1 .1 0
1 .1 0
1+6.50
H 7 .5 0
H 5.50
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
2
2
—
9
-
_
-
-
-
l
-
3
-
-
U
l.-SS
5
3
-
_
-
3^
9
25
26
38 .3
1 .0 7
5 6 .0 0
5 8 .0 0
5 5 .5 0
5 2 .5 0
H 9 .50
H 2.00
9
1 .^ 3
1 .3 8
1 .2 8
1 .2 2
_
38
HO. 5
HO. 5
HO. 5
H l.O
HO. 5
153
HO.5
1 .U 9
6 1 .0 0
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
_
9
5
l
1
26
2
2U
12
6
l
—
—
—
—
—
l
2
5
..
2
9
5
3
17
13
6
13
17
2
15
u
g
16
2
22
27
20
2S
12
32
U6
-
S
-
12
6
26
6
Uo
1
5
1
u
is
-
2
25
-
20
2
g
1
17
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
—
—
2
5
-
-
U
u
-
11
2
9
S
l
-
-
—
—
26
10
6
-
12
Id
7
1
U
12
U
2
20
2
u
2
12
-
-
u
2
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
-
-
6
1
-
U
_
1
_
_
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
2
u
-
6
6
2
2
7
7
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
—
—
-
—
—
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5U
16
31
6
76
23
53
30
23
12
12
-
-
IS
2
21
u
25
uo
10
30
12
1
66
38
26
12
lU
6
1
g
_
_
12
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
1
_
1
_
36
32
16
20
—
u
u
2
2
3
13
3
3
U
3
S
—
-
-
6
U
1
11
27
11
16
12
-
19
1
—
-
3
—
—
-
1
—
2
-
u
—
—
-
_
—
—
-
13
u
u
2
-
5
9
7
-
1
-
-
lU
Ug
13
35
-
2
2
3
U
U
-
-
9
.6
2
7
7
-
12
1
-
-
.
7
5
5
-
_
l.U i
6
1
-
lU
3
-
5 7 .5 0
5 9 .5 0
-
U
-
-
U
1
Transportation (excluding railroads), communica14
fiS
-------------
13
-
•-
-
-
U 7I
12 3
3U-8
112
WlVll 4 A
-
_
-
..
-
-
10
r>n/) A
CUi-v- w V U C A
-
5
7
IS
f 4
-
IS
10
U
-
11
7
13
23
^3
6
l
_
-
-
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, November 19
TJ, S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
7
Table 2.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued
(Average earnings if and weekly scheduled hours
for selected occupations hy industry division)
See footnotes at end of table.
8
Table 2.-— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued
(Average earnings 1 / and weekly scheduled hours
for selected occupations by industry division)
Sex, occupation, and industry division 2 /
5s of Average
$
$
$
1J
$
1
$
$
»
1—
*
*
?---- i
Weekly Hourly Weekly Under 1
$
25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 3 7 .5 0 1*0.00 1*2 .5 0 U5.00 1*7.50 50.00 52.50 5 5 .0 0 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50
Number
7 5 .0 0
sched
earn $
ear>
of
and
and
uled
ings
ings 25.00 under
workers
over
hours
70.00
50.00;
5
5
.
0
0
;
67.50
1*0.00:
1
*
5
.
0
0
:
60.00
:62.50
a65.00^
1
*
2
.
5
0
:
72.5c
5
2
.
5
0
;
57.50
27.50 30.00; 3 2 .5 0
1
*
7
.5
0
i
2 5 *5 2 .
3 7 -5 °
Women
15
13
1*5 .0
H6.0
$1.10*
1 .1*5
$65.00
66.50
192
1*1 .5
1*1.0
1+1.5
1*1.5
H1.5
.9 8
•93
.9 9
1*0.50
38.00
1*1.00
38.30
H0.50
29
163
76
23
Transportation (excluding railroads), communicartion, and other public utilities
W .5
1*1.0
1.00
1.07
1*1*.50
1*1*.00
.95
.95
.86
.91
3 9 .oo
3 9 .oo
15
1*1.0
1*1.0
1+2.5
1*0.5
175
32
1U 3
32
52
19
3k
1*2.0
1+2.5
1*2.0
1*0.5
1*3 .5
1*0.5
1*2 .5
1.21
51.00
1 .3 1
1 .1 9
23
39.5
16
3 9 .5
28
71
71
i
26
Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A j/ ............
koi
336
1^5
ke
1*1.0
1+1 .5
in.o
1*1.0
1*2.0
115
1+0 .0
16
1*3.0
1*3 .5
65
t li
a a
X JLU 6 U A U C ,
4m
X U O U J .O U U O ,
T*oe1
ft
_________ __
----------------------- '
Transportation (excluding’railroads) ,
4- 4 n n
v xv s u ,
' a v ii)
o u u
/ N + V tA T *
w
T Y Il'h 1 1 r
llt M
—
H
. . .
7
2
—
—
7
7
2
2
-
-
•
10
2
8
8
—
-
k
—
k
k
-
~
-
-
-
21
8
3i
16
1
13
27
18
10
8
8
6
1
i*
18
3
15
5
—
—
4
-*
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
21
21
8
6
6
6
6
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
-
—
2
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
30
5
31*
5
29
7
6
k
k
7
7
7
—
13
13
18
18
9
—
—
—
-
-
-
—
—
—
—
l
2
1
2
5 5 .5 0
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
—
l
2
-
-
-
-
•
1 .0 8
1 .2 5
50.00
52.50
1*7.00
50.50
-
-
-
-
1.2U
5 2 .5 0
-
1 .2 3
1 .1 3
1*9.00
i+i*.50
.9 6
.9 9
.9 6
.9 6
.9 6
.9 3
11
1*0.50
_
3 7 .oo
—,
50.00
Ul.50
_
7
k
ll
1
-
-
6
6
2
2
11
6
10
10
2
2
2
-
-
—
—
2
k
8
2
1
-
7
-
-
1
23
k
19
3 9 .5 0
3 9 .5 0
15
-
l
11
3 9 .5 0
1*1.00
12
-
-
17
30
10
20
8
-
12
-
1
-
—
-
2
1
—
15
-
-
—
-
2k
12
-
1
-
6
1
mm
—
—
—
_
—
-
-
—
-
-
k
-
-
-
—
—
—
-
-
—
-
-
6
k
-
—
-
—
—
2
-
j
-
k
-
-
_
1.30
-
-
10
-
-
2
11
-
k
4
k
-
-
k
k
-
-
2
2
-
—
36.50
3 7 .oo
20
20
-
—
-
-
-
22
2
-
—
—
-
_
—
-
-
—
-
13
—
—
•
—
-
20
—
-
k
—
13
7
22
k
k
-
2
2
22
2
20
-
-
—
-
-
-
1
-
u
2
2
3
-
-
\m
-
—
2
2
-
S3
12
61
71
25
56
19
12
28
28
5
6
6
6
k
-
-
—
—
99
9
90
56
15
15
ki
k
37
19
22
k
3
l
10
5
17
11
6
5
-
3
2
-
16
5
-
-
-
15
3
15
23
k
8
2
2
2
10
-
-
-
-
-
12
13
7
13
2
2
8
2
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
11
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
6
-
-
1
2
-
2
-
•
—
k
k
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
—
-
2
-
5
—
2
—
-
—
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
k
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
k
2
-
-
2
-
k
1*
-
-
1
communicai k
See footnotes at end of table,
-
r
18
•
.93
.98
-
1.16
.9 5
—
•m
—
—
•»
_
mm
-
-
6
1
2
mm
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
4
—
—
—
—
-
..
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
Table 2.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued
(Average earnings 1 / and weekly scheduled hours
for selected occupations by industry division)
Average
Sex, occupation, and industry division 2/
Number of employees receiving straight--time
$
$
r$
$
i
$
$
$
$
$
r$
1
TVUCJJfwJL
Number sched— Hourly Weekly Under 25.00 2 7 .5 0 30.00 3 2 .5 0 35.00 37.50 1)0.00 1)2 .5 0 1)5.00 1)7 .5 0 50.00 52.50 5 5 .0 0
and
_
_
«.
_
earn- earn- $
of
uled
workers hours
ings
ings 25.00 under
27.50 30.00 3 2 .5 0 3 5 .0 0 ,37.50 ,1)0.00 1)2 .5 0 U5.00 1)7.50 50.00 5 2 .5 0 55.00 5 7 .5 0
earnings of f
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50
75.00
_
_
_
_
and
over
60.00 .62.50 65.00, 67.50 70.00 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0
Women - Continued
Calculating-machine operators (Comptometer type) .....
-
-
b
25
2
2
2
25
12
9
.8 9
$39.50
1)0.00
39.50
39.50
3 8 .50
35.50
b
uo.o
1.17
1)7 .0 0
—
-
—
31
13
1)2.0
1)1.0
1.10
1.25
1)6.00
51.50
—
-
672
>+0 .5
1)1.0
1)0.5
1)0.0
1)1 .5
.9 8
.9 9
.9 8
3 9 .5 0
l.Ol)
.9 ^
40.50
39.50
1)1 .5 0
3 9 .oo
3 7 .5
.9 0
3 5 .5 0
-
-
20
8
12
1)0.0
1 .1 7
.9 ^
U7.00
1)0.00
-
-
.9 0
.8 9
.9 6
36.50
36.00
1)0.00
33.50
—
31.50
31+.00
31.00
31.50
31.00
3 9 .0
.7 7
.8 3
.7 6
.7 6
.7 7
.7 2
1)1.0
i)0 . 5
.9 0
.7 5
1+2 S
76
352
$0.93
39
U0.5
1)1.0
1)0.0
>+0 .5
1)0 .5
1)0.0
32
165
X03
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......
Transportation (excluding railroads), communica—
tion, and other public utilities .............
.9 8
.9 8
.9 8
.95
1)1
15
17
97
30
67
36
zk
Mb
b
bo
2b
5
7
13
7
2
1
53
i)
96
16
1)8
1)9
ll)
80
36
' 27
9
-
—
2
-
-
-
—
b
b
8
—
“
25
5
56
6
50
-
80
3b
8
10
72
9
35
21
Sb
13
35
97
ib
83
55
93
17
bi
35
22
6
-
6
7
9
-
ib
3
13
—
8
8
-
ib
ib
12
-
11
b
12
12
12
7
7
2
6
-
13
bo
78
67
6
-
22
13
3 *+
2
65
18
5
13
10
-
8
2
29
5
2b
18
10
-
b
2 8 .0 0
3
3
15
37.00
30.50
-
-
1
9
22
13
20
-
b
2
-
-
-
-
_
-
_
-
..
-
_
-
-
8
b
3
-
-
-
1
1
-
10
2
17
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
b
-
1
1
3
-
1
-
-
7
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
123
30
70
5U
8
21
6
26
8
-
59
b6
15
10
10
18
-
5
5
5
11
10
12
6
1)7
b
-
-
12
12
-
2
2
-
-
1
1
-
1
1.
-
-
-
-
15
19
9
3
-
-
1
2
-
1
-
1
-
-
6
-
7
11
b
5
10
-
-
-
8
16
3
-
-
-
-
_
15
b
b
b
3
5
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
_
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
..
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
~~
—
—
—
—
-
-
7
25
b
9
21
7
b
3
2
6
6
Calculating-machine operators (other than Comptometer
Finance, insurance, and real estate ••••»•••••••
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities
Finance, insurance, and real estate ............
111
561
56
211
138
so
76
1)2 .5
82
1)0 .5
69
ll)
U0.5
1)1 .5
1)0.0
32
308
m
zSk
109
Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e .......... .
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities .............
3*
55
25
l)l
U0.5
1)1,0
Uo .5
U1.5
1)0 .5
.S')
"
See footnotes at end of table.
881384 0
-
50 - 2
78
18
b
16
6
23
7
3
31
5
-
1
-
3
5
8
13
11
8
bo
-
6
-
6
1
1
b
-
b
-
-
-
-
3
2
«*»
b
-
7
3
**
8
U.
-
-
b
10
-
-
5
b
-
*
-
..
-
-
-
10
Table
2.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued
(Average earnings 1 ] and weekly scheduled hours
for selected occupations hy industry division)
Average
1
0
m
•
C\J
K>
2 7 .5 0
0
0
*
O
Sex, occupation, and industry division 2 /
Number of employees receiving straight-iime earnings of -'
$
$
Number Weekly Eourly Weekly Under 2 5 .0 0
2 7 .5 0
sched
of
and
earn earn $
workers uled
ings
ings 2 5 .0 0 under
hours
30.00
1—
1 -------- 1A.
&
$
FI
s
1
$
1
1
:8
$
1
$
$
3 2 .5 0 3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0 Ho. 00 H 2.50 H5.00 H7 .5 0 50 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 70 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 $
7 5 .0 c
and
over
Ho.
00
H2.50:
H5.00
50.00;
5
5
-0
0
7
5
.
0
0
:
6
0
.0
0
6
7
.5
0
[70.00
5
2
.5
0
6
5
.0
0
7
2
.5
0
6
2
.5
0
15
7.5
0
2
L
3
1
i3 5 iQQ
i L 52i
j
Women - Continued
Clerks, general, senior
........................
Nonmanufacturing
............................
Wholesale trade . ...........................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ..........
Clerks, general, intermediate .....................
Manufacturing............................. .
Nonmanufacturing JJ .............................
Wholesale trade .................... ........
Retail trade ................................
Clerks, general, junior ...........................
Manufacturing..................................
Nonmanufacturing ^J ............................
Retail trade ............................... .
Transportation (excluding railroads) , communica
tion, and other public utilities ............
Clerks, order ....................................
Manufacturing..................................
Nonmanufacturing
............................
Wholesale trade .............................
Retail trade ................................
91
86
3 S .0
3 3 .0
4 0 .0
$ 1 .3 9
1 .3 9
—
-
—
2
2
Q.
C
-
-
-
6
6
-
**7
72
3
-
8
116
116
65
101
1-M
7
13
7
8l*
8
8
2k
1
-
U6
k
3
33
37
3
1
1
l
3
19
5
5
7
7
9
9
62
3 7 .0
329
30
299
3 9 .0
1 .0 3
Ho. 00
Ho. 5
•98
1 .0 3
112
3 9 -0
3 9 .0
.9 8
3 9 .5 0
4 0 .0 0
3 8 .5 0
37
U 2 .0
.9 6
Ho. 50
-
U6U
.SH
.7 3
.8 6
.7 7
3H .50
3 0 .5 0
3 5 .0 0
3 2 .0 0
22
20
2
-
19
l* li
5U
H0.5
H i. 5
Ho. 5
H i.5
-
b5
12
77
H 1 .5
.9 6
Ho. 00
-
-
-
—
—
—
2
1
-
8
11
-
2
-
-
8
1*
-
2
1
3
3
5
5
12 3
68
8
37
86
33
-
28
15
53
38
1
2
7
17
6
6
53
-
-
19
11
5
6
—
51
6
2
U5
30
k
6l
-
69
29
6H
5
59
23
5
rr
1 .0 0
1 .0 6
.9 9
1 .0 1
.9 0
Ho. 50
H3.OO
Ho. 00
Ho. 50
3 7 .5 0
12
H 1.0
H i. 5
Ho. 5
H 1.0
H o .o
Ho. 5
l.o H
1 .0 0
1 .0 6
1 .0 9
1.0H
1 .0 6
H 2.50
H i. 50
H3.00
H 4.50
H i. 50
H3.0O
-
•
-
H 5.00
H i. 50
-
—
-
-
2
-
-
-
—
1
3
1
37.OO
-
8
8
-
ko
10 9
20
89
-
223
-
22
52
171
U8
28
8
18
U9
65
35
8U
113
28
85
7
6
52
-
2
10
16
3
27
2
21
2
18
17
112
76
2k
2k
18
Ho. 5
H i. 5
1 .1 0
1 .0 0
Clerk-typists ....................... *.............
Manufacturing............ .....................
Nonmanufacturing...............................
Wholesale trade .............................
Retail trade ................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...........
Transportation (excluding railroads), communica
tion, and other public utilities ...........
Services ...................................
963
2 12
H o .o
H 1.0
H o .o
H o .o
H 1 .0
3 9 .5
.9 2
.9 1
.9 2
1 .0 1
.SH
.9 0
H 3.0
H i. 5
1 .0 1
.8 9
53
10 1
19
28
751
19 6
93
310
30
12 2
3 7 .5 0
3 7 -0 0
4 0 .5 0
3H.5 0
3 5 .5 0
HH.00
—
-
3 7 .0 0
—
—
6
3H
6
-
3
k
31
23
k
33
19
ll*
18
2
k
6
8
7
12
9
9
I
6
211*
1*1
17 3
31
15
15
16
16
6
1
9
9
7
(
12
16
5
7
9
3
3H
5
29
ll
11
-
21
2
1*
1*
-
2
19
k
2
ll
35
5
30
12
13
3
7
1
-
27
28
2
10
-
-
2
10
10
h
*+
1*
2
2
-
-
6
6
-
-
-
-
-
H
-
-
U
-
-
-
2
2
-
--
_
-
-
l
l
-
6
l*
-
-
-
-
-
17
7
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
6
k
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
l*
l*
-
H
H
lir
*
_
1
1
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
—
1
-
—
3
3
i*
1*
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1*
1*
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
26
28
2
10
6
.1 0
2
2
6
8
22
2
20
16
-
1H
2
2
-
2
2
7
22
23
9
12
2
10
3
3
1
2
1*
3
k
5
12
6
6
20
2
18
17
ll*
-
2
12
12
-
1
—
3
Ho. 5
Ho. 5
Ho. 5
H o .o
H i.5
12 9
1*
1*
y
-
151*
-
1 .4 1
1 -3 9
13
Clerks, pay roll ..................................
Manufacturing..................................
Nonmanufacturing ...............................
Wholesale trade .............................
Retail trade ................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ..........
Transportation (excluding railroads), communica
tion, and other public utilities...........
Services ....................................
See footnotes at end of table
$ 5 3 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
5 6 .5 0
5 1 .5 0
-
8
1*
2
25
7
18
l
3
5
5
9
1H
u
*r
-
8
1*
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
—
-
-
-
7
7
9
3
6
..
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
—
1*
H
—
_
—
—
—
H
H
—
2
—
11
Table 2.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued
(Average earnings 1 / and weekly scheduled hours
for selected occupations hy industry division)
S e x , o ccu p ation * and in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n
2
j
A verag e
Number o f employee js re ce li v i n g s ir a i g h t - t im e e a r n in g s o f '$
r$
$
1
$
$
$
$
I$
$
%
*
1$
Number W eekly
s
W
eekly
Under
3
0
.0
0
2
5
.0
0
H
o
u
rly
3
2
.5
0
1+0.00 1+2. 5 0 1+5.00 1+7 . 5 0 k o o 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5.0 0 ] 1 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 . 5 0
3
5
.0
0
2
7
.5
0
3
7
.
5
0
sch
ed
of
7 5 .0 0
1
e
a
rn
and
e
a
rn
w o rk e rs u le d
and
in
g
s
in
g
s
u
n
d
e
r
I
5
.
0
0
h o u rs
over
1 2 7 .5 0 3 0 .0 0 3 2 ._5_q 3 ^ 0 0 3 1 - 3.Q 1+0.00 1+2 . 5 0 1+5 . 0 0 ^ 7 . 5 0 . 5 0 .0 0 S Z i S Q . 5 5 .0 0 . 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 . 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 .7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 . 0 0
Women - C o n tin u e d
O f f i c e g i r l s ............................................................................................
N o n m a n u f& c tu rin g
.....................................................................
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .........................
S e c r e t a r i e s ..............................................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................................................................................
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ........... ...............................................................
W h o le s a le tra d e .......................................................................
R e t a i l tra d e ..............................................................................
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .........................
T r a n s p o r t a t io n ( e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , communica
t i o n , and o th e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ............................
S e r v i c e s .................................................. ...................................
S te n o g ra p h e rs , g e n e r a l ..............................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ...................................................................................
Nonmanuf a c t u r i n g ............ ................................................... ..
W h o le sa le tra d e .......................................................................
R e t a i l tra d e ..............................................................................
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .........................
T r a n s p o r t a t io n ( e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , communica
t io n , and o th e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ............................
S e r v ic e s .................................................................................... .
1+0.5
1+0.5
i+o.o
$ 0 .7 9
.7 9
.7 9
$ 3 2 .0 0
3 2 .0 0
1 .2 1
1 .2 6
llH
U 0 .5
l+ l.o
1+0.0
l+ l.o
1+0 .0
1+0.0
95
35
l+ l.o
3 9 -5
1 -3 3
76
76
12
522
102
1+20
125
51
1 .3 9 5
309
1 ,0 8 6
1+07
13s
206
191
lW+
1.21
1.21
1 .1 9
1.10
1.20
18
18
3 1 -5 0
2
2
—
5
1
1+9.00
5 1 .5 0
H g .50
1+9.50
1+7.50
l+l+.oo
-
-
-
2
2
2
5 2 .0 0
U 9 .0 0
-
-
-
5
5
13
-
-
13
7
2
1+
141+.50
1+2.50
-
-
-
—
-
1+2.00
1+1 . 5 0
1 .0 5
3 9 .5
1.00
1+0.0
1+0.5
1 .0 5
1.12
S te n o g ra p h e rs , t e c h n ic a l
.................................................... ..
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ............ ...............................................................
28
16
1+0.0
1+0.0
1 .0 6
1 .0 9
1+2 . 5 0
1+3.50
—
Sw itchboard o p e ra t o rs .......................................................................
M a n u f a c t u r in g ...................................................................................
N onm anufacturing
.....................................................................
R e t a il t r a d e ................................................... ..........................
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .........................
T ra n s p o rta tio n ( e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , communica
t io n , and o th e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ............................
S e r v i c e s ............................................ ..........................................
209
1+2 .0
.88
11
4
*+7
1+0 . 5
1+2 . 5
•93
5
-
6
4
22
1+ 1 .0
1+0.0
.9 1
.9 0
3 7 .0 0
3 7 .5 0
3 7 .0 0
3 7 .5 0
3 6 .0 0
-
-
>+7
56
l+ l.o
1+5.5
.9 9
.7 1
1+1.00
3 2 .5 0
See footnotes at end of table.
162
27
.86
U
21
21
b
11
11
2
8
-
21
8
16
5
-
-
-
21
-
51
52
21
b i
50
99
18
81
-
11
17
-
8
9
17
-
-
-
32
7^
13
181
33
148
7
10
22
9
-
9
b
_
-
61
2
6
68
*3
36
25
b
6
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
65
39
15
24
4
b i
48
24
20
12
19
29
9
15
4
2
10
8
-
7
3
4
8
1
6
l b
51
16
25
7
25
25
13
2
2
19
l4
12
-
5
1
4
9
160
300
238
55
59
241
51
187
73
186
48
138
2
10 5
10
26
b
107
25
6
21
16
8
6
1
3^
10
~
10
9
10
7
l
8
7
4
9
4
-
48
72
26
22
24
6
8
5
17
13
3
64
42
4
11
1
23
5
13
59
23
3
9
18
17
36
37
24
18
20
1
22
33
Ho
16
l4
4
18
~
21
13
2
2
5
16
10
1
7
-
—
5
2
1
7
_
•
_
7
7
8
1
b
-
-
33
3
30
22
3
19
5
2
3
5
11
2
11
10
7
b
7
9
3
5
b
31
16
15
5
16
10
13
3
10
-
-
2
8
2
2
—
1
1
l?
7
b
-
9
7
- 1
_ 1l
1
_ i1
i
-
.
-
__ 1
- !i
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8 !1
1
1
— 1
1
.
_
__
_
—
1
_
M
l
1
1
1i
..
1
— !1
1
-
-11
;
1
5
2
-
_
_
-
5
3
-
_
«.
-
7
7
-
2
1
-
7
-
1
1
1
2
_
2
-
-
1
1 1
-
3
1
-
-
4
4
-
2
-
-
-
2
2
1
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
8
-
—
_
4
b
_
-
\
4
i
8
b
2
-
Ho
-
16
-
b
-
30
29
13
6
—
-
25
25
2
13
13
_
6
b
b
_
1+2.50
1+3.50
1+0.50
3 9 .5 0
i.o 4
1.00
.9 8
_
-
1+0.5
1+1.5
1+0.5
1+0.5
1+1.5
1 .0 7
2
2
—
-
i
_
-
—
-
—
«.
-
«
_
-
-
-
12
Table 2.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued
(Average earnings 1/ and weekly.scheduled hours
for selected occupations by industry division)
Numbe]
$
$
i
----- 3iverage
Sex, occupation, and industry division 2 /
jht-iime earnings c $
$
$
$
$
¥
$
T' ~
Number Weekly Hourly Weekly Under 25.00 2 7 .5 0
3 2 .5 0 35.00 37.50 Ho. 00 H2.50 H5.00 H7.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.0c 1 72.5c ) f
sched- earn- earnof
75.00
and
$
and
workers uled
ings 25.00 under
ings
hours
) over
5
5
.
0
0
,
70.
CO
Ho.
00
H2.50
50.00
60.00
65.00
67.50
*50.00
62.50
72.50
3
2
Jjo.
^
7
5
°
.
75.
CC
5 2 *5 2 :
27.-5°.
3 5 *°° 3 L 5 °
i»5 *°°
5 2 *5 °
i
$
s>)
0
•
0
0
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Women - Continued
Typists, class A .............................................................................................................................
Manufacturing.............................................................................................................................
Nonmanufacturing
........................................................................................................
Wholesale trade..... ................................................................ .......................
_ j, _ ^ i
&A
Finance, insurance, and real estate
......................................
Manufacturing............................................................................................................................
............................
Nonmanufacturing
Wholesale trade .............................
Finance, insurance, and real estate..........
Transportation (excluding railroads), cammunication, and other public utilities....... .
j/
R
“h o
v# J
39.5
i9l
Ho. 5
H1.0
Ho.o
.8 8
.8 1
.8 8
50
3 9 .5
16
Ho. 5
.8 8
•85
.8 9
• 9H
.7 5
26
Hl.o
.9 9
1
IS
27
15
7
.9 6
• 99
.9 6
.8 7
1 .0 2
'9 2
55
Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
10
2
n
if Excludes pay for overtime.
2j The scope of the study is indicated in the footnotes to Table
1
6
3 7 .0 0
Hi. 0 0
3 5 .5 0
3 5 .5 0
31
123
-
.9 0
1 .0 0
•87
.8 6
.9 0
Ho. 5
Ho.o
H0.5
H2.0
6S
—
—
Hl.o
H1.0
Hl.o
Hi. 5
Ho. 5
iHH
—
Hi.00
36.50
1 SH
179
35
3
k
1.03
96
-
-
Ho.o
H1.5
17
S
-
27
26
H2
ite
k
-
$0.93
.93
.93
•9 H
-
6
2
k
—
9
3H
3
s
26
B
-
2
3
2
2
10
10
IS
2k
lk
36.50
—
—
—
20
k
3 9 .0 0
3 9 .5 0
-
-
-
k
-
-
-
—
6
-
-
-
k
30
-
-
—
—
11
mm
mm
mm
-
-
H
IS
39.00
36.50
h i. 50
s
k
6
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
k
k
1
—
-
-
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
-
•
I
-
7
7
k
k
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_ 1
i
1
1
~ i
_ 1
j
. !
_
-
2k
2
19
15
11
6
10
2
22
6
k
-
—
2
k
9
—
12
—
6
k
k
5
—
3*
IS
Ik
16
32
13
19
s
30
19
2
7
11
k
1
kh
,3
33
7
32
s
2k
2
—
12
16
16
-
13
2
11
11
-
_
-
—
-
—
_
6
-
27
lH
S
2
6
2
2
1
-
-
-
-
10
—
—
—
—
-
—
•**
—
—
-
-
-
S
2
6
2
2
1
—
—
—
—
-
-
-
—
—
••
—
—
—
—
—
—
-
-
—
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
26
17
9
5
12
S
—
—
—
2
20
2
6
2
k
1
1
k
Mk
36
7
29
20
13
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
—
*•
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
-
-
—
13
1
—
—
—
k
—
—
—
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
36.50
-
35.50
35.00
36.00
37.00
30.50
-
1
s
—
—
-
—
1
s
32
5
27
—
—
—
8
—
22
22
lU
S
—
—
—
*•
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
-
-
—
1
5
5
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
•*
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
-
-
-
k
7
7
3
1
0
0
Transcribing-machine operators, general ............
Manufacturing.......... .................. .
Nonmanufacturing
............ ........... .
Wholesale trade .............................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ..........
s
2
IS
S
-
Ho. 5
Hl.o
Ho. 5
Ho.o
H2.0
3 9 .5
ks
7
k2
Ik
2
31
2
29
20
2
$37.50
3s. 00
37.50
37.50
37.00
32.00
2U3
52
191
91
26
21
p
Switchboard operator-receptionists .................
Manufacturing.................. ...............
Nonmanufacturing .......... ...... ••.... •••.....
Wholesale trade .............................
Retail trade ................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ..........
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities...........
52
3^
18
i,
—
13
Table
3•—
MAINTENANCE, CUSTODIAL, WAREHOUSING AND TRUCKING OCCUPATIONS
(Average hourly earnings ij for selected
occupations 2j by industry division)
Occupation and industry division
Number Average
of
Under
hourly
workers earnings $0.65
Number of employees5 receiving straight-time hourly earnings of $0790 $0.95 $1.00 $1.05 $1.10 $1.15 $1.20 $1.25 $1.30 $1.35
$0 .6 5
$0.70
$ 0 .7 5
$0.g0
$o.sf5
.7 0
.7 5
.go
.85
.90
.95
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
—
-
-
—
-
-
—
—
-
•
-
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20 . 1.25
1.30
$i.l+0
fl.¥5
1.1+5
1 .5 0
—
-
16
8
8
-
2
2
-
Sl.bO
$1.70
1.60 . 1 .7 0
. l.go
$1.50
1.35
l.l+o
—
-
10
3
7
7
k
k
-
10
10
-
-
-
6
12
9
9
16
16
-
-
-
$i.go
and
over
Maintenance
Carpenters, maintenance .....................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................
Nonmanufacturing k j ......................
Retail trade ...........................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
utilities . .........................
59
27
32
15
$1.56
1.63
l.6g
-
11
1.6l
-
—
—
—
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Electricians, maintenance ...................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................
Nonmanufacturing k j ......................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
utilities ............................
7«
32
1.60
1 .5 ^
1.6g
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
—
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
9
3
26
1.69
—
—
-
—
—
—
-
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Firemen, heating .............................
Manufacturing .............................
Nonmanufacturing k j ........... ...........
Services ...............................
l+l
12
l.Og
1.26
1.00
.96
-
-
—
—
—
6
6
—
10
2
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
-
2
2
-
6
2
l
l
6
1
k
6
6
6
1
l
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
6
11
1
10
13
1
12
1
1
20
10
10
55
23
32
57
-
-
2
h7
-
55
*+7
11
11
55
kj
29
21
—
-
7
5
-
5
11
2
5
1
9
7
2
2
l
22
lU
k
5
17
5
9
2
2
17
9
_
-
-
21
21
k
2
2
11
21
2
2
-
18
18
_
-
_
-
-
1
1
-
—
-
-
2
1
-
-
-
81
73
3
15
13
l
1
6
-
13
9
k
-
5
-
2 l*7
39
20 S
1 .2 5
-
207
1 .2 5
“
-
-
-
—
-
-
6
10
12
-
10
32
Machinists, maintenance .....................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................
Nonmanufacturing k j ......................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
utilities ............................
139
1 .5 5
i. 5*+
1 .5 9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
..
-
3
3
1 .5 9
-
-
-
-
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
k
3
13
1
Maintenance men, general u t i l i t y ............
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................
Nonmanufacturing k j ......................
Wholesale trade ..... .................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
utilities ............................
Services •.... ........................ .
1S2
1.1+2
1.U1
i.i+3
1.1+5
—
-
-
-
-
1
-
31
17
15
6U
Ik
11
->
-
16
5
1
—
12
2
•
k
7
—
15
Ik
15
ks
35
13
5
3
lb
1
•
12
k
_
—
2
1
-
6
-
1
1
-
5
—
—
k
—
1 .1+7
l.l+g
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
1
12
2
-
U
-
—
2
3
1
—
Helpers, trades, maintenance ................
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............................
Nonmanufacturing k j •.. ....................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and o.ther public
utilities ............................
11s
21
21
87
95
56
20
13
1.25
1.22
1______
See footnotes at end of table
"
: "
,
"
—
**
2
1
1
.
1
1
3
2
8
6
-
-
7
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, ITovember 19U 9
U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Ik,
Table 3. — MAINTENANCE, CUSTODIAL, WAREHOUSING AND TRUCKING OCCUPATIONS - Continued
(Average hourly earnings \J for selected
occupations 2/ by industry division)
Number Average
Under
hourly
of
workers earnings $0.65
Occupation and industry division %]
$0.65
$0.70
$0 .7 5
.70
.75
.8 0
-
-
-
$6.8'0'
.8 5
Number of <aaployees receiving straight--time hourly earnings Of $1.10 $1.15 $1 .2 0 $1 .2 5
$ 1 .0 5
$0.85 $0.90 $0.95 $ 1 .0 0
$1.30
.90
.95
-
-
1 . 0 0 . 1.05 . 1 .1 0
1.15
1.20
-
-
1 .2 5
1 .3 0 , 1 .3 5
$1.35
$ 1 .1+0
1.1+0
1.1+5
6
6
5
8
6
1
$ 1 .H5
$1 .8 0
and
1 .8 0 , over
$1.50 1 $1.60 1$1.70
1.50 : 1 . 6 0 , 1.70
Maintenance - Continued
Operators, heating plant k j
.................
_
_
-
-
_
6
3
2
H
—
—
-
1
1
2
—
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
1
-
k
1
2
2
12
k
8
8
21
9
12
k
6
6
^7
3
1+1+
ii+
2
2
86
68
18
37
15
22
k
23
6
17
6
1+
6
kk
20
2k
7
2
9
—
-
—
—
l
15
18
18
2
2
$1.52
67
59
1 .5 1
1 . 5k
33
1 .5 0
22
1.H7
—
—
—
—
—
_
—
«.
—
—
—
6
6
—
kl
hi
1.62
1.62
•
_
-
-
-
-
-
~
-
-
21
12
1M
1.50
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1 .2 0
-
—
-
2
2
5
5
—
-
_
-
•
-
-
_
105
30
75
Ill
102
20
56
8
ks
17
12
3
56
16
1+0
—
110
20
90
2k
21
22
-
-
10
10
3
126
55
kk
28
2
8
11
26
2
2
_
-
11
-
-
6
6
-
2
-
-
k
k
2
2
8
8
1
1
_
30
30
_
5
5
5
2
5
5
2
2
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
Custodial, warehousing and trucking
Wholesale trade ..■••••••••••••••••••••
Janitors, porters and cleaners (men) .......•
105
37
6S
26
872
257
615
1H0
Retail trade *.».•♦••••••••••••••••••••
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
utilities ............................
Janitors,w porters
and
sr
. i cleaners (women) k j
• ••
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
See footnotes at end of table,
228
56
1.16
—
-
1 .2 3
1 .2 0
.8 9
.9 8
.8 6
.8 9
.8 0
.8 5
62
2
60
31
13
18
kl
1
Ik
2
6
37
13
18
16
35
6
18
93
23
37
11
82
18
38
2
118
73
1 .0 0
18
2
6
8
15
5
13
18
k
15
9
16
.78
129
120
10
87
.7 9
.7 8
.7 8
.7 6
5
5
k
k
6
6
l+
k
3
2
-
—
-
—
8 **
79
1
72
9
9
5
8
8
3
5
5
*•
—
11
.9 ^
—
—
-
—
—
1
6
1,087
230
l.lH
1.1H
2
6
6
2k
857
7^3
97
1 .1 3
1 .1 5
2
8
k
1+
1+
31
1+
27
6
21
28
3
25
ik
1.03
2
k
20
20
11
18
-
2
_
_
-
“
:
2
1
—
-
—
-
—
-
—
-
—
-
—
-
*"
—
—
•
—
—
—
—
k
—
—
—
—
—
—
51
11
63
10
89
75
53
>+3
10
85
6
79
69
6
215
12 l+
91
76
7
66
16
38
2
lH
61
H6
10
169
10
Ho
11
78
73
5
38
7
31
30
1
______ j1
_
-
-
-
—
—
-
-
-
-
—
~
—
k
6
6
6
8
H
H
-
159
150
9
50
1+2
8
“
■*
_
—
-
—
—
_
«.
—
_
—
-
—
_
—
-
—
—
—
-
—
-
—
—
—
—
59
38
Ik
8
10
k
k
59
51+
38
Ik
lH
8
8
10
10
k
k
H
38
5
W.
—
—
k
Table
3.M A I N T E N A N C E ,
CUSTODIAL, WAREHOUSING AND TRUCKING OCCUPATIONS - Continued
(Average hourly earnings 1/ for selected
occupations 2/ by industry division)
Occupation and industry division jj/
Number Average
of
hourly
Under
workers earnings $0.65
$0.65
$0.70
.70
.75
.2 0
.8 5
$0.75
$0.20
$0.25
Number or employees5 receiving straight-ilAe hourly earnings o£ $0.90 $0.95 $1.00 $1 . 0 5 $1.10 $1.15 $1.20 $1 . 2 5 $1.30 $1 . 3 5
1.00
1.05
b8
11
U9
—
1U3
37
**9
30
19
l**3
.90
.95
bo
1.10 . 1.15
1.20, 1.25
1 .3 0
$1.1*0
$1 .1*5
■-1»3 5 __ 1.1*0 . 1.1*5 • 1 . 5 0
$1.60
$l.s6~
and
1.60. 1.70. 1.20. over
$1.50
$1.70
Custodial, warehousing and
trucking - Continued
$1.15
1.12
1.16
1.12
1.15
2
2
-
-
-
22
10
12
12
3*
22
12
12
70U
1.12
-
-
-
-
-
-
579
103
1*76
1 .1 3
-
S
-
IS
IS
-
11
11
3*
ll*l
102
-
15
1.20
1.11
1.06
1.02
lb
7
30
-
25
13
2
201
26
1 .1 9
•8 9
-
-
6
762
161
607
1.12
1.21
279
32
1.10
1.02
-
260
1.30
339
335
1.1*2
1 .1*9
Stock handlers and truckers, h a n d .........
Manufacturing.........................
Nonmanufacturing bj ••..................
Wholesale trade .....................
Retail trade .......................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
utilities ........................
1,627
263
1.U2U
Truck drivers, light, under lj t o n s .....
Manufacturing.... ................ ..
Nonmanufacturing bj ....................
Wholesale trade ....................
Retail trade .......................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
utilities .........................
Services ...........................
Truck drivers, medium, 1 ^ to and including
b tons .................................
Manufacturing.........................
Nonmanufacturing b j ....................
Wholesale trade ....................
Retail trade ........................
Transportation (excluding railroads),
communication, and other public
utilities ........................
Truck drivers, heavy, over b tons,
trailer type b j .......... ...................................................
Nonmanufacturing......................
Truck drivers, heavy, over k tons, other
than trailer type b j ....................
Nonmanufacturing.....................
Retail trade .......................
379
3*1
22
21
50
1 .1 7
1 .2 9
1.30
1.26
15
7
b
-
8
6
6
3*
lb
20
12
21
i*
3*
2
-
-
b
b
b
-
12
12
-
16
16
-
10
6
2
*3
b
b
79
79
-
-
-
b
2
s
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
' -
-
-
b
73
139
§5
229
79
16
79
bo
10
35
20
5
361
^3
318
50
6
-
5b
22
1*0
1SU
262
77
1*1*
25
6
6
-
12l*
3«
26
76
25
51
»*5
19
2U
21
21
«.
1
IS
IS
-
—
-
•
_
—
_
_
3*
122
13
109
21
2
72
12
—
-
-
-
6
22
-
S6
-
—
_
-
_
-
..
-
-
-
16
10
6
-
63
2
61
3*
19
19
19
3*
5
29
27
135
15
82
S2
2
—
-
-
-
73
177
38
30
2j
3/
4/
Excludes pay for overtime,
Study limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated.
The scope of the study is indicated in the footnotes to Table 1 .
Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
70
S
-
_
5
3
-
9
266
12
16
_
1*2
-
51
-
7
-
S
7
7
-
7
1
1
SO
32
32
6
6
-
-
-
bs
20
—
—
bS
U6
-
8
8
2
2
12
2
22
22
35
35
-
-
-
-
-
12
12
12
-
7
35
35
25
21
21
*
-
-
—
—
—
-
b
b
b
-
6U
2
56
56
-
*3
i*
•
1+
1*
12
_
12
12
_
«.
-
-
-
mm
—
19
-
-
-
9
11
s
2
b
25
15
3
9
39
7
-
-
-
59
120
56
13
*3
3
be
SO
31
U9
1
"
1/
2
20
20
32
157
22
IS
61*
1*
16
275
9
2
2
2
8
_
—
—
__
-
mm
mm
-
-
•
_
mm
-
-
-
10
10
-
ISO
160
—
-
1
1
1
-
—
—
CHARACTERI STIC INDUSTRY OCCUPATIONS
l6<
(Average earnings in selected occupations in manu
facturing and nonmanufacturing industries)
Table 4 .— METALWORKING’ INDUSTRIES 1 /
dumber
of
workers
Occupation 2 /
Average
hourly
earnings
1/
Under
$1 . 0 0
$1 . 0 0
and
under
1 .0 5
$1 . 0 5
$1 . 1 0
1.10 . 1.15
Dumber of employees receiving1 s-braigiit-iirae hourly earnings of $1 . 4 0
$1.20
$1.30
$l.b0
$1.25
$1.50
$1.15
1 .2 0
1.25
1.301
1 -3 5 -
1.H0
1.U5 1 1 . 5 0
1.60,
$1 . 7 0
$1 . 5 0
.S0
1 .9 0
2.00.
16
6
3
3
4
1
2
1
2
-
7
r
O
4
—
1
1 .7 0
1
$1.90
$2.00
and
over
All Metalworking l/
Assemblers, class A ............... ...................
Assemblers, class B
................................
HVilTvnoY’R onrl jorrlnf\p>rs ... ............ ....... .
.............r........ ...............
Coremaker»,
Drill-press operators, single- and multiple-spindle,
Drill-press operators, single- and multiple-spindle,
r*1 ass "R ........................ ........ .... . ......
Drill-press operators, single- and multiple-spindle,
Engine—lathe operators, class A ..........................
nft—ia the operators, class B
Inspectors, class A
Machinists, production................................
Milling-machine operators, class A .....................
Molders, floor .......................................
Shake—out men
Tool-and-die makers (other than jobbing shops) .........
d«TS
hand, class B
176
222
1U0
SO
$1.56
1.26
1.2U
1.60
—
-
31
1 .5 9
•*
50
1 .3 2
3
20
S4
11S
4o
146
35
103
49
#
234
S2
1.06
1.5^
1.25
1.53
l-gr
1.60
IS
-
-
-
—
_
6
12
6
•
—
—
—
1 .3 1
9
—
6
90
102
20
1
—
-
-
—
l
5
1 .5 7
1.18
1.62
1.56
—
15
mm
mm
—
—
—
—
—
—
„,
—
—
—
-
-
-
-
9
•
-
—
-
mm
mm
1
2
.
—
—
_
mm
—
~
—
2
-
2
-
-
-
mm
42
12
30
16
-
~
-
12
19
3
90
2
5
67
4
2
2
—
—
—
11
2
—
—
7
1
24
5
3
8
1
2
3
4
12
—
2S
2
25
15
5
27
r
6
—
—
—
22
24
2
3
—
ga.
,,
6
37
—
2
46
—
—
—
12
27
l4
13
l
mm
4
*3
15
-
1°
61
5
90
2
2
-
-
1
2
15
5
r
0
4
2
-
-
-
1
1
2
5
2
c
b
2
—
14
11
9S
-
11
2
-
17
4
4
2
2
l
_
12
26
70
15
1
19
5
10
2
-
5
4
4
1
6
2
i4
6
42
4
4
31
2
2
6
10
-
-
—
—
—
10
-
5
_
'
-
11
-
S
-
16
2
6
-
-
mm
mm
mm
5
4
1
l
2
2
9
Machinery U/
Aflaamhlora . class A __ .. ........................... .
SI
1.63
I.31
42
1 .3 3
73
Drill-press operators, single- and multiple-spindle,
fmAT'fltfiPS . clA S S B .......... ......... .
Machinists. -production
u 4 114npwmAchine operators. class A
WaloTs hand claSs A ............. .
Foundries, Ferrous
floor
1 .5 1
1.66
1 .7 2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
4
2
1
-
15
6
-
12
-
90
-
15
5
mm
mm
6
5
9
-
-
-
-
2
3
7
2
6
-
5
9
11
—
—
—
—
—
3
s
5/
nhlvtTtors and prindfirs....... ........... .............
iinidnrs
3«
27
71
25
75
1.62
I.31
29
........ .
63
1.21
1.5*+
S4
1 .5 2
ll4
30
1.15
mm
-
9
-
30
-
-
S4
-
—
—
1 / The study covered establishments with more than 2 0 workers in the primary metal industries (Group 3 3 ); fabricated metal products (Oroup 3^); machinery, except
! electrical machinery,
equipment?and supplies*(Group 36); S d transportation equipment (Group 3 7 ) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1 ^ 5 edition) prepared by the Bureau of the Budget.
2 / Data limited to men workers.
][/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work.
|!
S e n l e n f f o ^ i r l e f S ^ t u r i n g graywiron castings (other than pipe and fittings), malleable-iron castings and steel castings.
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, November I9M9
TJ. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 5.— DEPARTMENT AND CLOTHING STORES l/
Number of employees receivin,g straight-time weekly earnings of $
$
1
1
$
$
$
1
$
$
$
♦
$
1
1
1
1
1
1
Weekly Hourly
Weekly 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 3 7 . 5 0 1+0.00 1+2 . 5 0 1+5.00 1+7.50 50.00 52.50 5 5 . 0 0 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 7 2 . 5 0 75.00 77.50 $
Number
sched
8 0 .0 0
earnings earnings and
of
and
under
workers uled
2/
2/
hours
30.00 32.50 3 5 . 0 0 ?7 *5 ° Ho. 00 1+2.50 1+5 . 0 0 1+7.3° 50.00 5 2 . 5 0 55.00 -5 1 .5 0 ,60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 77. ?0 8 0 . 0 0 over
Average
Occupation and sex
Men
Sales clerks, men*s furnishings...... ..........
26
37
55
1+2
1+0.0
1+0.0
H5.5
1+2.0
39
80
$0 . 8 1
1 .3 0
$32.50
39.50
75.00
51+.50
1+0.0
1.05
1+2.00
1+0.0
1+0.0
1+0.0
l+o.o
1.01
1.11
1+0.50
1+1 + .5 0
1+9.OO
36.00
.9 9
1.65
-
12
1
13
12
1
-
1
1
2
l
k
3
k
3
-
-
13
7
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
6
2
1
1
1
2
8
2
2
2
7
5
l
1
6
2
-
1
—
-
l
1
—
—
_
_
1
3
-
l
-
1
1
1
1
8
8
6
k
7
2
—
2
k
21
2k
9
3
8
6
6
7
k
k
99
12
8
10
12
10
12
k
Ik
12
12
11
7
3
6
1
l
8
2
-
1
-
-
5
18
2
Women
Sales clerks, piece goods (yard goods, upholstery
fabrics) ......... .........
Sales clerks, women*s accessories (hosiery, gloves,
nanubags, etc*)
Sales clerks, women*s dresses
.... .
Sales clerks, women *s suit s and coat s
Tailors, alteration (women*s garments) ......... •
119
1 .2 3
.9 0
1
2
k
—
2k
18
_
l
1
5
l
3
5
l
-
-
-
2
-
-
6
5
-
-
-
l/ The study covered department stores, men*s and hoys* clothing stores, women*s ready-to-wear stores, and family clothing stores employing more than 2 0 workers.
2 / Excludes premium pay for overtime.
Table 6.— RESTAURANTS AND CAFETERIAS ij
Occupation and sex
Average
Number
hourly $0 . 3 '0'
of
earnings and
under
workers
2/
.3 5
Number of employees receivingl straight-time hourly earnings of $ 0 .b 0 $ 0 . b 5 $ 0 .7 0 $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 .8 0 W Z 5 $ o ,9 0 j $<5^5 $ 1 . 0 0 , $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 . $ 0 7 $ 1 .2 6 ; $ 1725 '
$ 6 . 1+6 $ 6 . 1+5 $ 0 .5 6
.1+0
.5 0
.5 5
.6 0
.6 5
.7 0
12
10
91
32
30
13
—
—
“
—
-
k
18
—
260
H
13 0
k
283
11
16 7
27
82
Ik
15
.7 5
.8 0
.8 5
9
5
17
36
26
1+
7
6
10
50
.9 0
.9 5
1 .0 0
1 .0 5
1 .1 0
1 .1 5
12
8
12
35
5
15
k
-
—
1 .2 0
1 .2 5
1 .3 0
$ 1 .3 5
and
over
1 .3 5
Men
211+
205
76
39
$ 0 .5 6
1 .0 7
.6 7
.7 8
—
8 l+
l , 0 2 l+
.6 6
.5 1
lH
“
—
-
16
6
-
12
k
k
—
-
9
5
-
—
-
6
13
28
k
19
1
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
—
-
-
-
-
Women
Waitresses .................................................... ......
1/
2/
The study covered restaurants, cafeterias, and lunch rooms employing more than 2 0 workers.
Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work, and gratuities.
881384 6
-
50 - 3
12
19
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, November I9H9
U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table
7.—
BANKS l/
Numbei' of enlployees receiving
$
$
$
3
$
$
1
Weekly 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 U0.00 U2.50 U5.00 U7.50
Hourly
earnings earnings and
under
2/
2/
3.
2 .5 Q 2 5 , 0 0 17.50 U0.00 U2.50 U5.00 U7.50 50.00
Average
Occupation and sex
Weekly
Number
sched
of
uled
workers
hours
$
of straight-tin
$
$
$
$
$
$
50.00 5 2 . 5 0 55.00 5 7 . 5 0 60.00 62.50 65.00 ip
67.50
and
over
65.00
67.50
5 2 . 5 0 5 5 . 0 0 57.5° 60.00 62.50
Men
67
36
31
1(0.0
1(0.0
Uo.o
$1 . 3 8
1.28
1.U9
$55.00
51.00
59.50
13
U o .o
1 .1 8
U 7.00
19
19
U o .o
U o .o
1 .0 3
.9 6
3 8 .5 0
U 1.0 0
-
-
1
l
2
2
1
3
3
1
1
U
2
2
H
U
10
6
16
5
3
1
k
7
3
8
5
5
2
1
11
1
6
5
2
1
2
2
mm
-
-
-
l
3
2
l
k
2
1
3
5
3
1
1
1
2
Women
Tellers, paying, or paying and receiving, commercial.........................
1J
2/
6
l
3
3
1
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
The study covered banks employing more than 2 0 workers*
Excludes premium pay for overtime.
Table g.— OFFICE BUILDING SERVICE l/
1/
2j
The study covered buildings operated by owners, lessees, or managers, and employing 8
Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work.
or more workers.
The data relate to a June I9U9 pay period,
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, November 19^9
U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
19-
Table 9.— POWER LAUNDRIES 1/
Number of employees 1•eceiving straight-•time hourly earninigs of
Avoro
$0 .1+0 ,$0.45 $0 .5 0 $0 .5 5 $0.60 $0.65: $0.70 $0 .7 5 .$0 .8 0 $0.85, $0.90 1 ^ 95"$1.00 1 0 5
Number
hourly
$1.10
and
of
earnings under
and
employees
over
2/
.60
.65
.70
.8 0
.85
.*5
•7?
.50
•9 °
•95 1.00 1 .0 5 1 .1 0
Occupation and sex
Hen
$0 .8 1
.9 8
1.00
37
11
29
Extractor operators ................................................................................
Washers, machine ........ ..................................... ......................... ..........
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
1
-
-
37
2
2
2
72
4
6
107
19
7
24
3?
33
-
-
16
-
k
k
k
2
-
1
-
2
7
2
10
2
5
2
3
-
2
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
2
k
Women
.6 4
.5 9
.69
.65
.65
Clerks, retail, receiving..................... ...................................... • ••••........
243
Sk
119
33
4
9
30
15
7
7
15
25
7
5
3
13
12
k
2
k
-
**
2
-
"
1/ The study covered power laundries employing more than 20 workers.
between June and November 19^9 *
2/ Excludes premium pay for overtime.
The data relate to a June
1949 pay period; the establishments studied reported, however, that no general wage changes went into effect
Table 10 .— HOTELS 1/
Number of esiployees receiving strainrht-time hourly earnings of t o ax gp e
o
aA vv a01
$ o . 4 o i $0.45 10450 $0 .5 5 $0 .6 0 $0 .6 5 $0.70 $0 .7 5 $0 .8 0 $ 0 5 $0.90 $0.95 $1.00
Number
$1.10 $1.1$ $1.20
hourly
$1.25
and
of
earnings
and
under
workers
over
2/
.60
.70
.8 0
.65
.85
.9 0
•^|
•55
.75
.9 5 1.00 1.05 1.10 l.l? 1.20 1 .2 5
•50
Occupation and sex
Men
37
$0 .9 1
12
28
225
.7 0
.5 9
.5 3
1+
3
1
3
4
1
7
-
-
-
-
3
1
1
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
Women
4
2
25
12
k
59
11
62
2
67
-
6
2
9
-
-
1J The study covered year-round hotels employing more than 20 workers.
2/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work.
Table 11 .— AUTO REPAIR SHOPS 1/
Occupation 2/
Number of employees receiving strain5ht-time hourly earnings of Average
Number
$1.30 $1.35 $1 .4 0 S C T 5 I T3 0 1$1 .6 0 $1.70 $1 . 8 0 I m o
hourly $0.70 $0 .7 5 $0 .8 0 $0 .8 5 $0.90 I5 4 9 5 1$1.00 $1.05 $1.10 $1 .1 5 $1.20
$2 .0 0
of
earnings and
and
workers
under
3/
.8 0
1.00 1.05 1.10 1 .1 5 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 l.>+0 1 .4 5 1.50 1.60 1.70 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 over
.8 5
•9°
91
71
358
20
11
85
56
$1 .5 9
1.05
1.68
1.11
•5
i.5«
.9 2
k
-
—
6
Ik
5
8
10
1
6
-
k
-
2
6
4
1
-
-
10
10
16
6
-
k
-
„
28
k
2
6
-
2
2
2
16
k
—
3
2
25
2
2
a.
8
19
8
2
1 / The study covered repair departments of retail automobile dealer establishments and general automobile repair garages employing 5 or more workers,
2f Data limited to men workers.
2 / Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work.
2
13
-
-
16
2
31
2
-
2
—
k
1
22
6
—
24
2
24
-
14.
—
4
14
4
14
23
27
12
-
39
21
-
-
14
-
10
7^
_
-
-
_
-
-
-
_
-
-
10
-
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, November 19U 9
U. S. Department of L a b o r
Bureau of Labor Statistics
20
Table 12.— RAILROADS
Table 1?.— UNION WAGE SCALES
(Average earnings if and weekly scheduled hours for selected office
occupations and average hourly earnings 1/ for selected maintenance,
custodial, warehousing and trucking occupations)
(Minimum wage rates agreed upon through
collective bargaining between
employers and trade unions)
Average
Number
Weekly
of
Hourly
Weekly
scheduled
workers
earnings earnings
hours
Occupation and sex
Number Average
hourly
of
worker s earnings
Occupation and sex 2]
Maintenance
Men
Blacksmi ths, maintenance.......... .
Electricians, maintenance ..............
Helpers, trade s, maintenance ............
Machinists, maintenance .................
Painters, maintenance ..................
Pipe fitters, maintenance........... .
51
bQ.O
23
ko.o
29
Uo.o
lfU.O
20
$1.65
1.66
1.16
i.ug
$66.00
66.00
1*6.50
59.50
1U
10s
$1 . 7 5
1 .7 H
217
iM
1.7k
WG
1.72
1.73
7J'
2—'
2*
Calculating-machine operators (Comptometer
type) ..................................
Clerks, accounting........................
Stpungr-rihors, general ....................
13
19
£
bO.Q
Uo.o
Uq .O
i .p
i. 5 7
57.50
63.00
x.1+7
5 9 .0 0
Pork-lift operators ....................
Janitors, porters, and cleaners (men) ....
Janitors, porters, and cleaners (women) ..
Stock handlers and trackers, hand .......
Track laborers .........................
22
9s
16
Gb
13U
l. ? 9
1.23
1.22
1.30
1 .2l
if Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work.
2J Study limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated.
Percent of plant workers employed on each shift
Metalworking 1 /
Machinery 1 /
All manufacturing
3rd or
3rd or
3rd or
2nd shift
2nd shift
2nd shift
other shift
other shift
other shift
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Establishments paying shift differentials.............
Under 5 cents.......................... ..........
9 cents ...........................................
Over 5 a^d under 1 0 cents ................... ......
1 0 cents ..........................................
Over 1 0 cents ........... .........................
Establishments with no differential ....................
95.5
3U.0
11.8
1*8 . 6
-
90.8
65.5
1.0
13.6
10.7
90.1
17.6
100.0
—
5.3
1*0.0
-
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
b.5 _
9 .2
Percent of workers on extra shifts, all establishments ..
8.9
2 .1
Establishments operating extra shifts .................
1/ Definition of industry appears in the footnotes to Table
1 .1
k
.
Bread and cake - Hand shops:
Dough mixers, ovenmen ...................
Bench hands .............................
Bread and cake - Machine shops:
Dough mixers, spongers, ovenmen ........
Bench hands, machine operators .........
$1.1*0
Ug
1 . 75
hs
1.1*0
1.75
bo
bo
Bricklayers .................................
C a r e e n t e r s ................ ......... ,......
Electricians ................................
Painters ....................................
Plasterers ..................................
Plumbers ....................................
Building laborers ..........................
7 .0 0
2 .1 0
2 .1*1
2 .C 5
2 .5 0
2 .1*0
bn
bo
bo
bo
bo
l.!*C
He
1 .2 7
1 .2 8
1 .2 Q
1 .7 0
1 .3 1
51
51
51
51
2 .ll*U
2 .1 UU
bo
bo
2 .1*55
2 .5 7 7
36 3 3
36 #5
Uo
Local Transit Operating Employees
Table lU. — SHIFT-DIFFERENTIAL PROVISIONS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Shift differential
Hours
per
week
Building Construction
Custodial, Warehousing and Trucking
Women
Hate
per
hour
Bakeries
Office
Cl ^rks accounting
........
Clerks pay rol 1
11... ....... .
Office boys ...............................
ci‘hf.'nnr,T,2>TnViATP. P'finprpl............. ..... .
Classification \ ]
3.1
73.^
„
5 ^ .7
96.0
—
Ko
—
—
1 0 0 .0
9 .9
-
—
-
7.2
1.7
ll*.2
2 .U
Busses, trolley coaches and street cars:
First 3 months ..........................
12 months ..............................
I3-I8 m o n t h s ............................
19 - 2 U m o n t h s ............................
After 2 years ...........................
51
Printing
Book and job:
Comoositors, hand .......................
Machine operators .......................
Newspaper:
Compositors, hand, d a y w o r k ............
Comoositors, hand, night work ..........
Machine operators, day work ............
Machine operators, night work ..........
2A
2.1*55
2 .5 7 7
3C
^
1 / The dates to which tho wage scales relate are as
follows: July 1 , 19U9 for bakerie3; October 1 , 19U9 for
printing and local transit; and January 1, 1950 for
building construction.
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, November 19^9
U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 15.— SCHEDULED WEEKLY HOURS
Weekly hours
All establishments ......................................
Under 3 5 hours .........................................
35 hours ...............................................
Over 3 5 and under 3 7 i hours ...................... .......
3 7 g hours ....................... .......................
Over yji and under Uo hours .............................
Uo ho u r s .......... ........................... .........
Over Uo and under UU hours ..............................
UU hours ................ ...............................
Over UU pnd under US hours .............. .......... .
US hours ••«...
Over US hours ...........................................
1/
2/
All
industries
1 0 0 .0
Percent of women office workers employed in Transpor
tation,
Finance $
Manu
communi
Retail
Wholesale
insurance,
facturing
trade
cation, and
trade
and real
other public
estate
utilities
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
_
2 .8
.6
0.3
1 .1
2 .6
6.3
75.0
2.2
U. 2
2 .1
.1
-
-
5 .6
1 .8
76.8
13.9
.3
1.6
75-2
.6
1 1 .s
2 .>+
2.9
U. 2
-
1 0 0 .0
Services
1 0 0 .0
_
_
8.9
-
2.5
~
76.6
-
5.6
68.2
8 2 .5
9 .1
7 .U
5-3
U.l
-
5.6
7.9
1 2 .8
.2
All
industries
Manu
facturing
1/
•w
.2
.k
1 0 0 .0
Percent of nipnt
-
1 0 0 .0
.5
l.U
1 .0
6l.O
52.6
.5
7.1
3.^
-
-
_
_
0 .2
1 .2
21.9
5.3
5.0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1.9
2 .3
7 3 .5
.9
U3.1
16.9
-
1.1
1 0 .8
.5
1 0 0 .0
—
0 .7
U.2
S~9
2 5 .3
8 .0
workers enroloyecJ in Transpor
tation ,
Wholesale
Retail
communi
Services
trade
cation, and
trade
other nublic
utilities
1/
1 7 .2
2 0 ;0
_
_
_
U6.7
2 .1
1 .1
1 .7
U? . 8
5 .6
100.0
_
_
_
_
53.u
—
2.3
20 8
lU. 5
100.0
2 .0
_
h
8 .6
2 2 .7
1 9 .8
7 2 .0
lU. 5
Other than office workers.
Includes data for industries other than those shown separately; data for railroads excluded from table.
Table l6 .~PAID HOLIDAYS
Percent of office workers employed in -
Number of paid holidays
All establishments ................... ..................
Establishments providing paid holidays...................
1 to 5 & a y s ......... ................................
6 days ..............................................
7 d a y s .......... .......... .........................
8 d a y s ..............................................
9 d a y s ............... ......................... .....
10 days ............. .................. ............ ..
1 1 days .......................... ..................
1 2 or more days ......................................
Establishments providing no paid holidays ............ .
1/
2/
Transpor
Finance,
tation,
insurance,
communi
Services
cation, and
and real
other public
estate
utilities
All
industries
2/
Percent of'plant If workers employed in Transpor
tation,
Manu
Wholesale
communi
Retail
Services
facturing
cation, and
trade
trade
other public
utilities
Manu
facturing
Wholesale
trade
Retail
trade
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9 5 .8
8 1 .5
100.0
9 9 .0
100.0
100.0
96.6
75.1
73.5
.9
65.9
89.2
8 2 .6
86.7
l>.7
7 7 .9
All
industries
.1
60.8
1M
8.U
2.1
1.2
.1
.u
73-5
5-7
1 -9
8 0 .6
9 8 .9
17-9
1.5
2-3
3-2
3H
36.6
72.6
20.3
62.1
>+.8
8.0
11.1
29.5
3-7
5 .8
2 8 .0
2 .5
6.7
7i
100.0
7 3 .*
U. 5
>+9 . 2
26. s
22.1
U2.2
6 .1+
1 9 .9
.6
26^6
50.8
.1
3-1
IS.5
100.0
>+•7
>+1 . 9
U. 2
100.0
1 .0
-
3 ^+
2>+.9
26.5
1 0 .8
if*
Other than office workers.
Includes data for industries other than those shown separately; data for railroads excluded from table.
-*
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, November I9U9
U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 17.— PAID VACATIONS (FORMAL PROVISIONS)
Vacation policy
1
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
96.3
37.^
57.3
1.6
3.7
99.^
33.9
65.5
-
99.7
?6*r
1+3.11
-
8 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
5 0 .9
2 9 .1
97.^
99.^
21.7
Establishments with no paid vacations •••••••»••••............. .
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 u.u
9 8 .0
9U. 0
8 8 .U
8 5 .0
77.3
16.1+
.3
6.0
7 6 .0
9 6 .7
3 3 .H
6 U. 6
9 8 .2
9 0 .1
8 .1
97.7
45.5
U8 . 9
-
72 .5
1 5 .9
70.0
25.0
.6
-
27.3
8 .U
—
2 1 .7
.3
2 0 .0
1 .7
3 .3
1 5 .0
9 9 .7
8 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
3 2 .5
1 8 .7
1 .8
5 9 .5
3.?
5 .6
2.0
1 .8
2 1 .7
2 .3
11.6
63.3
years of service
Establishments with paid vacations .......... ............. ..............
1 5 .2
2 .8
2.3
1.6
2.6
b.k
62.8
-
7M
7 8 .3
5
1 0 0 .0
Services
Percent of plant l/ workers employed in Transpor
tation,
All
Manu
Wholesale Retail
communi
industries
Services
facturing
trade
cation, and
trade
2/
other public
utilities
year of service
Establishments with paid vacations.......... ............ ..............
2
Percent of office workers employed in Transpor
tation,
Finance,
All
Manu
Wholesale Retail insurance,
communi
industries facturing
trade
and real cation, and
trade
estate
other public
utilities
.6
.3
20.0
8 8 .5
8.3
-
9 9 .6
1.3
9 8 .3
-
9 8 .0
2 0 .2
9 U. 2
Us. 6
9 S. 8
9 7 .8
8 8 .U
6 9 .9
5 .7
U7.5
1 1 .^
3 9 .0
37>
.3
5 0 .7
-
3 .3
7 7 .8
U2.0
•3
23.2
-
-
-
5 .8
1 .2
2 .2
11.6
9 ^ .2
3 0 .5
2 .5
9 8 .8
9 7 .8
16.2
-
5 U. 5
7 .2
3 .3
1 7 .6
8 1 .8
60.3
3 7 .1
9 ^ .5
-
6 8 .2
2 .6
2 .2
11.6
2.0
9 6 .7
2 2 .2
8 5 .0
51.u
-
72.8
1.7
3.3
3 3 .6
1 5 .0
years of service
Over 1 week and under 2 w e e k s ..................... ..................
99.^
1.5
.u
97.5
-
9 7 .^
3 .1
.1
90.2
U. o
Establishments with no paid vacations ..................................
2.6
.6
9 9 .7
3 .3
8 0 .0
96.1+
-
6^.9
5 .^
.3
9 .7
2 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
8 1 .8
1 8 .2
9 9 .6
9 9 .6
-
.k
9 8 .0
2 .0
.9
5 .8
-
1.2
-
8 8 .U
-
96.7
15.6
7 9 .:
U
1 .7
3 .3
8 5 .0
3 7 .6
U7.U
1 5 .0
•
1/
Other than, office workers.
2] Includes data for industries other than those shown separately; data for railroads excluded from table.
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, November 1 9 ^ 9
U. S* Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table IS.— PAID SICK LEAVE (FORMAL PROVISIONS)
Provisions for paid sick leave
All establishments...................... ............................. .
Percent of office workers employed in Transpor
Finance,
tation,
Wholesale Retail insurance,
Manu
All
communi
industries facturing
trade
trade
and real cation, and
estate
other public
utilities
Services
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. c
100.0
32.0
.7
12.6
5U.2
19.2
H.6
16.8
-
ks.c
10.9
-
8 U.S
29.2
5.3
9.1
6.3
5.2
1.5
l.S
70.S
19.2
6.2
29.2
5.3
9.1
6.3
16.8
2.3
Percent of plant l/ workers employed in Transpor
tation,
All
Manu
Wholesale Retail
communi
industries
trade cation, and
trade
facturing
2/
other public
utilities
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.6
-
i M
3 0 .0
Services
100.0
1 year of service
Establishments with formal provisions for paid sick leave ................
Under 9 days .......................... ......................... .
9 days ............................................................ .
6 days .............................................................
1 0 days ............................................................
1 2 d a y s .... ................................... ....................
Over 1 2 d a y s .......................................................
Establishments with no formal provisions for paid sick leave............ .
2
5 ^ .2
-
.6
6.2
2.2
19.s
5 .6
.6
1.0
6 S. 0
-
.2
2 .6
2 U. 2
92.0
2 2 .7
30! 3
-
.7
9 .0
5-2
6-3
-
1 .5
H.6
3.6
83.2
Us.o
23.9
21.9
3.0
92.0
16. &
1*8 . 0
U 9 .g
sk.s
32.3
.6
6.1
9h . 2
15.2
-
l.S
70.S
2 .5
10.8
5.6
5 .7
1 .0
6 7 .7
31.9
5.3
-
-
22.3
-
9 .0
6 .2
9 .0
9 .1
5 .2
-
-
-
1 .5
SU.g
.5
3 0 .7
.7
U9 .g
Other than office workers.
Includes data for industries other than those shown separately; data for railroads excluded from table
3 .1
6
3 .6
S> 2
.8
1 0 .1
8 9 .1
?
3-0
2 .1
2 .9
l.S
.1
8 7 .7
3 .2
2 .6
2 .6
9U. s
5 .9
1 .2
-
-
6 .6
11.6
1 1 .V
1.0
1 .5
7 .8
8 7 .k
1 .0
.if
85.1
9 .1
2 0 .9
1U.9
1 .7
-
1 .7
-
70.0
9 8 .7
10.9
.8
1 0 .1
-
1 3 .3
1 .9
.9
3 .0
5 .C
1 .8
-
3.2
-
-
-
30.0
-
1 .7
5 .9
2 .6
2 .6
6 .6
1 .5
1 .7
-
1 2 .9
s.u
-
1.0
l.C
-
IS.M
9 .1
8 9 .1
86.7
9 ^ .8
7 9 .1
8 9 .1 ,
70.0
1 0 .9
13.7
1.5
5 .2
2 0 .9
16.9
30. c
1 .0
.1
ro
to
CT\
2j
32.0
6.2
6 .2
h.u
-
12.
1 .7
years of service
Establisnments with formal provisions for paid sick l e a v e ............. .
Under 9 d a y s ...................... ................................
9 days ............................................................
6 d a y s ............................................................
1 0 d a y s ........... ...............................................
1 2 days ...........................................................
2 0 days ......................... ..................... .............
Over 2 0 d a y s ...... ......................... ..... .................
Establishments with no formal provisions for paid sick leave ........... .
1/
1 .0
6 s.0
29.0
.7
U5 .S
2 .1
5 .9
2 1 .C
years of service
Establishments with formal provisions for paid sick leave ...............
Under 9 days ......................................................
9 days ............................................................
6 days ............................................................
1 0 days ...........................................................
1 2 days ...........................................................
19. days ............................................................
2 0 days ...........................................................
Over 2 0 d a y s ....................................... ........... ....
Establishments, with no formal provisions for paid sick leave ....... .
9
.9
2 U. 0
-
1.8
68.1
-
2.3
-
3*2
U .6
3.1
3.6
83.2
-
-
-
-
-
2 .6
21.9
23.9
92.0
.8
1 0 .1
-
8 9 .1
.9
3 .*
-
-
5 .9
-
-
2 .6
2 .6
-
-
-
-
8 .2
1 .5
7 .8
1 .7
1.0
1 .0
9 .1
.u
83.5
11.6
3.0
1.8
-
3 .0
9^.8
.1
86.3
-
1 2 .9
-
-
8
.H
-
7 9 .1
-
70.0
-
9 8 .3
Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colorado, November 1 9 ^ 9
U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 19. — NONPRODUCT ION BONUSES
Type of bonus
Establishments with nonproduction bonuses 3/ .......... .......... .
Establishments with no nonproduction bonuses ........... .............
Percent of ofirice workers employee! in Transpor
Finance,
tation,
All
Manu
communi
Wholesale Retail insurance,
Services
industries facturing
and real cation, and
trade
trade
estate
other public
utilities
All
industries
2/
Percent of plant 1/ workers employed in Transpor
tation,
Manu
communi
Wholesale Retail
Services
facturing
trade
trade
cation, and
other public
utilities
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
5 3 .9
H2.0
9 .0
>+.1
5 7 .7
2 7 .6
2 9 .0
1 .1
1*2.3
6 8 .0
5 8 .0
M .7
7 0 .2
5 3 .9
2 6 .6
2 6 .6
58.8
irjo
H 7.6
61+.5
52.6
6.1
1+2.8
3 8 .8
ii+ .g
11+.8
*+9 .9
1+1+.9
1.8
9 .7
2 9 .8
3 .9
3 .0
5 7 .2
-
5 8 .3
3^ . 1+
6 .7
3 .0
5 7 .0
3 1 .2
H .S
8 .5
3 2 .0
5 5 .3
3 .5
1*6.1
3 9 .8
3 .9
6.6
7 3 .^
1+1.2
ll+.i+
2.0
5 2 . 1+
9 .0
3 5 .5
* 5 .2
•7
H. 3
5 0 .1
1/
2/
Other than office workers.
Includes data for industries other than those shown separately; data for railroads excluded from table.
2 / Unduplicated total.
Table 2 0 .— INSTJHANCE AND PENSION PLANS
Type of plan
Percent of office workers employed in Transpor
Finance,
tation,
All
Manu
Wholesale Retail insurance,
communi
Services
trade
trade
and real cation, and
industries facturing
other public
estate
utilities
100.0
Establishments with insurance or pension plans 3/ ...................
Establishments with no insurance or pension plans ................
1/
2/
77.5
59.1
20.7
35.9
22.0
2 2 .5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
70.3
92.5
53.3
39.9
77.3
50.1
7.5
8O.9
SU.2
1+1+.3
5 2 .5
7 1 .3
1+1+.9
6U.5
19.8
31.9
23.0
22.7
15.2
2 .5
3 5 .*+
1 .8
1 0 .8
19.0
19.8
1 9 .1
1 5 .8
1 5 .2
5 5 .7
Other than office workers.
Includes data for industries other than those shown separately; data for railroads excluded from table
2 / Unduplicated total.
100.0
2 9 .7
All
industries
2/
100.0
100.0
72.6
61.5
Ug.O
13.0
6 s. 6
2.9
2 5 .3
12.2
2 7 .>+
2 !.3
1 3 .6
3 8 .5
Percent of plant 1 / workers employed in Transpor
tation,
Manu
Wholesale Retail
communi
Services
facturing
trade
trade
cation, and
other public
utilities
100.0
100.0
67.9
7 8 .9
5 1 .2
9 .1*
1 9 .8
66.7
5 .»+
32.1
8 .0
9 .5
1 5 .2
2 1 .1
100.0
38.0
33.3
3.8
1 8 .1
8 .9
62.0
100.0
8 2 .6
5 2 .3
*+1 . 3
>+8 . 9
>+0 . 3
1 7 .>+
100.0
>+3 . 5
>+2 . 8
6 .1+
2 .0
7 .0
56.5
Occupational Wage Surrey, Denver, Colorado, November l$k3
U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
A p p e n d ix — ^bedc^ufxiioftd
Office
ACCOUNTANT■ SENIOR
A worker who Is responsible for maintaining all accounting records, devising account
ing systems and procedures, and supervising their installation. Prepares, or supervises less
experienced accountants In the preparation of all types of financial statenants and reports*
ACCOUNTANT
A worker who maintains accounting procedures usually under the supervision of a
senior accountant or other official. Maintains various accounting records, prepares journal
vouchers to reflect intent of various actions on the records, establishes and maintains re
serves for various accounts, takes trial balances and makes adjusting and closing entries;
prepares various financial statements and reports, and computes and distributes costs.
May
direct and review the work of accounting clerks and other clerical employees in the account
ing section.
BILLER* MACHINE
A worker who prepares statements, bills and invoices on a machine other than an
ordinary typewriter.
May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform
other clerical work incidental to billing operations.
Should be designated as working on
billing machine or bookkeeping machine as described below.
Billing Machine - A worker who uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott
Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills
and invoices from customers* purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memoranda,
etc.
Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry
of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals
which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large num
ber of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fan-fold machine.
Bookkeeping Machine - A worker who uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand,
Elliott
Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare cus
tomers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally Involves the simulta
neous entry of figures on a customer*s ledger record.
The machine automatically accumulates
figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the deb
it or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping.
Works from uniform and
standard types of sales and credit slips.
BOOKKEEPER. BAND
A worker who keeps a set of books for recording business transactions and whose
work involves most of the following: posting and balancing subsidiary ledgers, cash books or
journals, journalizing transactions where judgment is involved as to accounts affected; post
ing general ledger; and taking trial balances.
May also prepare accounting statements and
bills; may direct work of assistants or accounting clerks.
BOQKKEEPTNG^MAC HINE OPERATOR
A worker who operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sunds
trand, Burroughs, National Cash Register) to keep a record of business transaction.
25
a f Occup&ti&Hd. S tu d ie d
Office - Continued
Class A - A worker who uses a bookkeeping machine with or without a -typewriter k ey
board to keep a set of records of business transactions usually requiring a knowledge of and
experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particu
lar accounting system used.
Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit
items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets,
and other records by hand.
Class B - A worker who uses a bookkeeping machine with or without a -typewriter key
board to keep a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records pertaining to
business transactions usually requiring some knowledge of basic bookkeeping.
Phases or sec
tions include accounts payable, pay rolls, customers* accounts (not including simple type of
billing described under Biller, Machine), cost distributions, expense distributions, inventory
controls, etc. In addition may check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare
control sheets for the accounting department.
CALCULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR
A worker whose primary function consists of operating a calculating machine to per
form mathematical computations other than addition exclusively.
Comptometer type
Other than Comptometer type
CLEHK. ACCOUNTING
A worker who performs one or more accounting operations such as preparing simple
journal vouchers; accounts payable vouchers; coding invoices or vouchers with proper account
ing distributions; entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; post
ing and balancing subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledger, e.g., accounts receivable,
accounts payable, stock records, voucher journals. May assist in preparing journal entries.
For workers whose duties include handling the general ledger or a set of books see Bookkeep
er. Hand.
CLEHK. FILE
Class A - A worker who is responsible for maintaining an established filing system
and classifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May
keep records of various -types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and lo
cating material in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties.
Class B - A worker who performs routine filing, usually of material that has already
been classified, or locates or assists in locating material in files. May perform incidental
clerical duties.
CLEHK. GENERAL. SENIOR
A worker who performs a variety of office operations and whose duties involve most
of the following:
knowledge of extensive office procedures, practices and policies; organi
sation of office routine and sequence of operations; reviewing office methods and procedures
and standards of performance; devising new procedures and methods; dealing with public in re
Office - Continued
CLERK, GENERAL, SENIOR - Continued
gard to inquiries, complaints and adjustments; operating a variety of office machines and
equipment; and responsibility for directing Junior and/or intermediate clerks.
C M ,
GENERAL, INTERMEDIATE
A worker who performs a variety of office operations and whose duties involve most
of the following; knowledge of extensive office procedures and practices; carrying on an es
tablished office routine and sequence of operations; operating a variety of office machines;
preparing reports and analyses; dealing with public in regard to inquiries, complaints and ad
justments on the basis of established procedures; and responsibility for directing one or more
Junior clerks.
CLERK, GENERAL, JUNIOR
A worker who performs various routine office operations. The work assigned does not
involve responsibility for a sequence of related office operations. Each task is assigned as
it occurs and the product is subject to detailed review.
CLERK, ORDER
A worker who receives customers1 orders far material or merchandise by mail, phone,
or personnally and whose duties involve any combination of the following: quoting prices to
customers, making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order, checking prices
and quantities of items on order sheet, distributing order sheets to respective departments to
be filled. May also check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, ac
knowledge receipt of crders from customers, follow-up orders to see that they have been filled,
keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders.
CLERK, PAY ROLL
A worker who computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on
the pay-roll sheets and whose duties involve: calculating worker's earnings based on time or
production records; posting calculated data on pay-roll sheet, showing information such as
worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance and total wages due.
In
addition, may make out pay checks and assist the paymaster in making up and distributing the
pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.
CLERK-TYPIST
A worker who does clerical work requiring little qaecial training but the performance
of which requires the use of a typewriter for a major portion of the time and whose work in
volves typing letters, reports, and other matter from rough draft or corrected copy and one or
more of the following: keeping simple records; filing records and reports; making out bills;
sorting and distributing incoming mail.
OFFICE BOY OSR GIRL
A worker who performs a variety of routine duties such as running errands; operating
minor office machines; such as sealers or mailers; opening and distributing mail; and other
minor clerical work. (Bonded messengers are excluded from this classification.)
Office - Continued
SECRETARY
A worker whose primary function Is to relieve executives or other company officials
of minor executive and clerical duties, and whose duties Involve the following:
making ap
pointments for executives; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone
calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail; and writing routine correspondence
on own initiative; taking dictation, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine
(except where transcribing machine Is used), and transcribing dictation or the recorded Infor
mation reproduced on a transcribing machine. In addition, may prepare special reports ex* memo
randa for information of executive.
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
A worker whose primary function is to take dictation from one or more persons, either
in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, Involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to
transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up
and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc.
Does not Include transcribing-machine
work.
(See Transcribing-Machlne Operator.)
STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL
A worker whose primary function is to take dictation from one or more persons,
either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or spe
cialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to tran
scribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and
keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Poes not include transcribing-machine work.
(See Transcribing-Machine Operator.)
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
A worker who operates a single or multiple position telephone switchboard, and whose
duties involve: handling Incoming, outgoing and intraplant or office calls. In addition, may
record toll calls and take messages. As a minor part of duties, may give information to per
sons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders.
For workers who also do typing or
other stenographic work or act as receptionists, see Switchboard Operator-Receptionist.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
A worker who in addition to performing duties of operator, on a single position or
monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and/or performs typing or other routine cleri
cal work as part of regular duties.
This typing or clerical work may take the major part of
this worker’s time while at switchboard.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
A worker whose primary function is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou
tine vocabulary from transcribing - machine records. May also type from written copy and do
simple clerical work.
A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar
machine is classified as a Stenographer, General.
Office - Continued
TYPIST
A worker who usee a typewriter to make copies of
hills after calculations h&ve been made by another person.
various material or to make out
May operate a teletype machine.
Class A - A worker who performs one or more of the following:
typing material in
final form from very rough and involved draft; copying from plain or corrected copy in which
there is a frequent and varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreign language
copy; combining material from several sources; or planning layout of complicated statistical
tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing, typing tables from rough draft in final
form. May also type routine form letters, varying details to suit circumstances.
Class B - A worker who performs one or more of the following;
typing from rela
tively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc.; setting up
simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spewed properly.
Maintqg&qss
BLACKSMITH r MAINTENANCE
A worker who performs a variety of hand-forge work on metal parts for the building
and repair of plant equipment, and whose work involves most of the following: planning and
laying out of work to specifications; heating, forming, bending and fire-welding of wroughtiron and steel parts; tempering metal by heating it to proper temperature and then dipping it
into a quenching solution; using a variety of hammers, sledges, anvils, and anvil fittings in
shaping and piercing metals; checking work with standard measuring instruments to assure ac
curacy of work; making standard shop computations; and sharpening and hardening of machine cat
ting bits and other cutting tools. In general, the work of the blacksmith requires a rounded
training and experience normally acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train
ing and experience.
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE
A worker who performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in
good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counter^ benches, partitions,
doors, floors, stairs,casings, trim made of wood in an establishment, and whose work involves
most of the following: planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models or
verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenters* hand tools, portable power tools, and
standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of
work; and selecting materials necessary for the work.
ELECTRICIAN. MAINTENANCE
A worker who performs a variety of electrical trade functions in the installation,
maintenance or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, and/or utilization of
electric energy in an establishment, and whose work involves most of the following: instal
ling or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers,
switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems or other
transmission equipment; working from blueprints,drawings, layout or other specifications; l o
cating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard compute^
tions relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of
electricians* hand tools and measuring and testing instruments.
27
Maintenance - Continued
FIREMANr HEATING*
Fires one or more lov*-pressure steam boilers or hot water boilers, used for heating
one or more buildings, by regulating the volume of fuel, oil, the oil-and-air mixture, or the
temperature of the fuel oil fed to an oil burner; or by passing coal or coke from bunker to
stoker or furnace, removing clinkers from fire, drawing ashes, or regulating the speed of the
stoker to maintain the steam pressure or water temperature of a boiler within specified limits;
and by operating a pump to keep water at correct level in the boiler, or to keep sufficient
fuel oil in the supply tank.
May perform
cleanflues by blowing
operating repairs.
additional duties such as cleansing and maintaining boiler room. May
down, and may oil and grease boiler room equipment* May perform minor
HELPER, TRADES. MAINTENANCE
A worker who assists another worker in one of the skilled maintenance trades, by peiw
forming specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with ma>terials and tools; cleaning working area, machine and equipment; assisting worker by holding
materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. In some
trades the term helper is synonymous with apprentice, since the helper is expected to learn
the trade of the worker he assists. The kind of work the helper is pexmitted to perform also
varies from trade to trade: in some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting and
holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to pei>form specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on
a full-time basis.
MACHINIST r MAINTENANCE
A worker who produces replacement parts and new parts for mechanical equipment oper
ated in an establishment, and whose work involves most of the following: interpreting written
instructions and specifications; planning and layout of work; using a variety of machinistfs
hand tools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools;
shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to di
mensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties
of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts and equipment required for his work;
and fitting and assembling parts. In general, the machinists work nonnally requires a round
ed training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv
alent training and experience.
MAINTENANCE MAN. GENERAL UTILITY
A worker who keeps the machines, mechanical equipment and/or structure of an esta*blisbment (usually a small plant where specialization in maintenance work is impractical) in
repair; whose duties involve the performance of operations and the use of tools and equipment
of several trades, rather than specialization in one trade or one type of maintenance work
only,and whose work involves a combination of the following; planning and layout of work re
lating to repair of buildings, machines, mechanical and/or electrical equipment; repairing
electrical and/or mechanical equipment; installing, aligning and balancing new equipment; and
repairing building, floors, stairs as well as making and repairing bins, cribs, and partitions.
♦Department of Defense description
28.
Maintenance - Continued
MECHANICf MAINTENANCE
A worker who repairs machinery and mechanical equipment of an establishment and whose
work involves most of the following: examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose
source of trouble; dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of
hand tools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items ob
tained from stock; ordering the production of a defective part by a machine shop or sending of
the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major
repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; and re-assembling of machines
and making all necessary adjustments for operation*
9
OPERATOR, HEATING PLANT*
Operates oil or gas fired boilers (125 to 500 HP), usually generating steam at 10Q#
pressure, in a large central heating plant. Analyzes instrument readings in order to determine
adjustments of equipment to most efficient standards; regulates flow of fuel to burners by ad—
justing manual controls; adjusts the imput of water to the boiler; adjusts blowers to obtain
most efficient combustion; disassembles; cleans; replaces defective parts, and reassembles
pumps, water softeners, blowers, boilers, burners, and fire boxes; adds chemical to water sof
tener; maintains records of boiler operation, such as amount of fuel used, and steam pressure
produced for specified periods of time; supervises Firemen, Heating, and laborers; is respon
sible for the heating plant during his shift.
OPERATOR, PUMPING PLANT*
Operates, tends and maintains one or more poweivdriven pumps used to pvnip water from
one purifying tank to another, to pump water from purifying vats to storage tanks, to pump
water into water system or to maintain water pressures in water mains. Starts and stops pumps,
regulates valves, and observes pressure dials on pumping; stands by while pumps are in opera
tion, increasing or decreasing force of pumping as required by conditions; cleans, greases,
oils and adjusts pumps; inspects pumps periodically for overheating; reads gauges and trans
mits information to water-plant operator; draws samples of water from pipes for laboratory
test and analysis; maintains records of quantities pumped, power used and times of operation;
makes readings of clear wells; performs maintenance work such as oiling and greasing pumps,
connecting pipe lines from pumps to vessels or tanks, and makes minor repairs.
Or
Tends one or more power-driven pumps to move liquid through pipes or lines from one
location to another. Starts, stops and regulates the speed of pumps; opens, closes and adjusts
valves In pipes and lines to control flow of liquid; lubricates moving parts of pumps; replaces
pump packings; may be required to connect and disconnect pipes or lines to route liquids to
proper place; pumps measured amounts of liquid, being governed by gauge or meter reading®I op
erates the power unit that drives the pumps; reads gauges and meters and records readings.
^Department of Defense description
Maintenance - Continued
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE*
Performs any and all types of painting work on interiors and exteriors of buildings,
on furniture, etc.:
In a house painting, works on walls and ceiling, performing tasks such as washing
cals online, currying out cracks, plaster patching, sizing, putting on priming coat and finish
ing coat; may do such work as glazing, mottling, stippling, marbelizing and tiffney blending.
On woodwork, baseboards, doors and furniture performs work of removing paint and/or
varnish, bleaching, sanding, smoothing with steel wool, filling (using paste or liquid); rub
bing by the use of pumice stone, puttying, painting with shellac, varnish, enamel, paint, or
other surfacing material of a like nature.
On metals required to perform work of cleaning,
corking, spray, dip or brush painting.
scraping, wet sanding,
pickling,
On hardwoods required to perform work of burning in, matching, staining, ground col
or, graining (with water, oil or vinegar), french polishing, and filling of scratches and holes.
Required to use and apply synthetic paints, dopes and lacquers; to mix and blend
paints involving mixing, grinding, tinting and straining; to rig or harg scaffolds which in
volves tying off, assembling, erecting, following prescribed safety regulations.
In ship yards may be required to perform flag painting work such as stencil making,
pouncing, filling in and shading.
As occasion requires may do waterproofing, cementing, or floor-scraping work.
PIES FITTER, MAINTENANCE*
Lays out, cuts, bends, shapes, threads and installs heating and related types of
equipment and piping, both high and low pressure, and all other piping other than that requir
ed for plumbing and sanitary installations; working from blueprints and specifications, in
stalls, repairs and maintains heating furnace and auxiliary pipe lines including valves, gaug
es, and recording instruments, air, gas and water lines, oxygen and acetylene distribution
piping, and oil lines; sets radiators in place and couples them to supply and return pipes;
installs thermostatic systems; tests assemblies and installations for leaks with hydrostatic
pressure.
^Department of Defense description,
Custodialf Warehousing and Trucking
FORK-LIFT OPERATOR*
Operates any of several makes of electrically- or gasoline-powered mobile fork-lift
trucks to lift, transport and stack heavy objects up to approximately 2 tons. Is required to
operate inside and outside. Transports and stacks valuable cargoes which would be damaged if
dropped. Is required to operate in close quarters.
JANITORr PORTER AM) CLEANER
This classification includes workers whose duties correspond to those cf one or more
of the jobs described below.
Janitor (Manufacturing; Utilities) (Sweeper: cleaner) - A worker who sweeps and
cleans shop areas, washrooms, ana offices, and removes chips and refuse. May wash floors and
windows.
Porter (Wholesale Trades Retail Trade) (Day porter, cleaner) - A worker who keeps
the premises of an establishment in a clean, orderly condition. Typical of the duties the
worker performs are: sweeping and mopping floors; removing trash; dusting furniture or fixa
tures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; and washing windows and display cases.
Janitor (Office Buildings) (Jard.tor-maintenance man) - A building service worker, employed in an office building, who performs a variety of duties involved in cleaning the promis
es, disposing of waste and litter, and providing supplies and minor maintenance services. May,
occasionally, operate a passenger elevator.
This classification does not include workers whose duties are limited to cleaning the
premises (see Cleaner - Office Buildings).
Cleaner (Office Buildings)- A worker who keeps halls,offices, and/or rooms of pub
lic buildings, offices, commercial establishments, or apartment houses in a clean,orderly con
dition and whose work involves: sweeping,mopping and/or scrubbing floors; disposing of waste
or litter; and/or dusting furniture and equipment, Mky also be required to polish metal fixa
tures and fittings. This classification does not include window washers nor workers whose d u
ties include cleaning rest rooms.
Cleaner (Hotels)- A person who performs heavy cleaning operations in hotel lobbies,
halls, public baths, showers, and lavatories. May also wash windows.
This classification includes workers whose duties correspond to those of one or more
of the jobs described bellow,
Ord.r F-ntwr (Manufacturing: Warehousing and Storage) - A worker who fills shipping
orders from stored merchandise in accordance with either written specifications or verbal i n
structions. May assemble, pack and carry or transport materials to shipping room or delivery
platfoxm.
"Department of Defense description,
29
Custodial, Warehousing and Trucking - Continued
Order Filler (Wholesale Groceries and Grocery Chain-Store Warehouses) - A worker who
fills orders from stock merchandise in accordance with specificatlons on sales slip cr custom
ers* orders and whose work Involves a combination of the following: picking full case or shelf
merchandise, indicating items filled or omitted on sales slips or customers* orders, packing
orders, transporting merchandise on a hand truck to shipping room or delivery platform, and
reporting shortages of merchandise to head stock man or other supervisors, A worker who hand
les incoming goods - opening cases, shelving, etc, - should he classified as Stockman,
Order Picker (Wholesale Drugs, Drug Propletorles and Toiletries, and Druggists-Sun
dries) (Order Filler) - A worker who picks or fills merchandise on customer orders and whose
work involves a combination of the following; picking full case or shelf merchandise; indica
ting items filled or omitted on orders; storing incoming cases in correct location; and requi
sitioning case stock to replenish shelf stock and assisting in shelving stock,
Stockman, Warehouse (Department Stores, Dry-Goods Stores, General-Merchandise Stores,
Clothing Stores and Furniture Stores) - A person working in the warehouse who fills customer* s
orders for merchandise from salescheck specifications. Places merchandise on flats, skids, or
rollers, and moves to packing department. Also fills transfer orders going to the store for
display on the selling floor, Peceives incoming merchandise from receiving or narking depart
ments and places it in storage. Handles returned goods either hy returning it to storage or
sending it to shipping department for delivery to supplier,
STOCK HANDLER AND TRUCKER, HAND
This classification includes workers whose duties correspond to those of one or more
of the Jobs described be lew.
Loader and Uhloader (Shipping and Receiving) (Manufacturing) - A worker whose prin
cipal duty is to load or unload raw materials, supplies, partially processed or finished prod
ucts to or from freight cars, trucks (motor, industrial, hand) or other transporting device.
In addition to loading or unloading duties, may also carry, wheel, or hand truck materials to
or from storage space.
Stock Man (Manufacturing) (Stock Helper) - A worker who, under general supervision
of a head stock man, places incoming goods in proper place in stock room or warehouse, and
whose work involves any combination of the following: knowledge of proper location of goods
in storage area; checking incoming goods against invoices; loading or unloading goods from
trucks or railroad cars or unpacking goods. This classification does not include workers who
merely move goods from place to place under immediate supervision.
Trucker, Hand (Manufacturing; Wholesale Trade) - A worker who pushes or pulls hand
trucks, cars or wheelbarrows used for transporting goods and materials of all kinds about a
warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment, and usually loads or unloads hand
trucks or wheelbarrows. May stack materials in storage bins, etc., and may keep records of
materials moved.
Shelver (Wholesale Trade) (Order Picker Helper) - A worker
chandise and places stock on shelves.
who opens cases of mer
30
Custodial, Warehousing and Trucking - Continued
STOCK HANDLER AND TRUCKER, HAND - Continued
Stock Man or Stock Helper (Wholesale Trade) - A worker who, under general supervi
sion of a head stock man, receives and places incoming goods in proper places in stock room
or warehouse and whose work involves a combination of the following: unloading goods from
trucks or railroad cars, checking incoming goods against invoices or requisitions, transporting
goods from unloading platform to stock room, unpacking goods and placing on shelves or other
proper places. He may also perform duties of Order Filler, usually in smaller establishments.
Stock Man or Stock Helper (Retail Trade) - A worker who, under general supervision
of a head stock mem, receives and places incoming goods in proper place in stock room or ware
house and issues stocky materials, or equijmeirt by filling orders requisitioning such materials.
The work of the stock man involves most of the followings checking incoming goods against in
voices or requisitions; unpacking goods; loading or unloading goods from trucks or railroad
cars; tallying the number of cases or other units loaded or unloaded, and placing stock in pro
per storage place.
Handler and Stacker (Warehousing) - A worker engaged in the placement and transfer
of household furniture and goods or miscellaneous goods and commodities between the loading
platform and storage rooms within the warehouse. The work of the handler and stacker involves
most of the following: loading, unloading, stacking and carrying incoming and/ar outgoing ship
ments; checking goods against invoices to verify type, condition and quantity of shipments;
and locating and assembling requisitioned goods.
TRACK LABORER*
Performs heavy laborer duties in the maintenance and repair of railroad ways under
supervision of Trackman: (a) laying rails, switches, etc., working to grading stakes; (b) lev
eling rails by packing sand, gravel and other material under low cross ties to raise them, and
aligning the rails to make a level track or a uniform grade; (c) placing tie plates or skeins
between ties and rails and fastening rails with spikes;
(d) replacing worn or decayed wooden
ties by removing spikes from old ties with a claw bar, loosening ballast and removing tie from
under the rail; (e) setting new ties into place and packing ballast around them, and spiking
them to rail; (f) tightening rail joints with a long wrench until secure; (g) gauging tracks
for correct and uniform distance between rails using a fixed gauge, and loosening rails out of
alignment, crowding them into place with a bar or clamp and retightening; bending rails to
templates or radium using a hand bender.
TRUCK DRIVER
Truck Driver (Manufacturing) - A worker who drives a truck to transport ;materials,
merchandise, equipment, or men. May load or unload truck, frequently assisted by Truck-Driver
Helper. May make minor mechanical repairs and keep truck in good working order* This classi
fication does not include Driver-Salesman.
Truck Driver, Local Delivery (Wholesale Trade; Retail Trade ) - A worker who drives
a truck within a city or industrial area and whose work may involve loading and unloading the
•^Department of Defense description
Custodialr Warehouflin<y and Trucking - Continued
truck with or without helpers and delivering between any of the following types of establish
ments: freight depots, warehouses, wholesale establishments and retail establishments and/or
between retail establishments and customers1 houses or places of business. This classification
does not include drivers who sell or solicit business*
For wage study purposes truck
equipment operated, as follow®:
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
driver,
driver,
driver,
driver,
drivers are classified according to size and type of
(light - under 1 1/2 tons)
(medium - 1 1/2 to and including 4 tons)
(heavy - over 4 tons, trailer type)
(heavy - over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
Metalworking
ASSEMBLER
(Bench assembler; floor assembler; jig assembler; line assembler; sub-assembler)
A worker who assembles and/or fits together parts to form complete units or subas
semblies at a bench, conveyor line, or on the floor, depending upon the size of the units and
the organization of the production process. The work of the assembler may include processing
operations requiring the use of hand tools in scraping, chipping and filing of parts to obtain
a desired fit as well as power tools and special equipment when punching, riveting, soldering
or welding of parts is necessary. Workers who perform any of these processing operations ex
clusively as part of specialized assembling operations are not included in this classification.
Class A - A worker who assembles parts into complete units er subassemblies that re
quire fitting of parts and decisions regarding proper performance of any component part cr tbs
assembled unit, and whose work involves any combination of the following; assembling from
drawings, blueprints or other written specifications; assembling units composed of a variety
of parts and/or subassemblies; assembling large units requiring careful fitting and adjusting
of parts to obtain specified clearances; and using a variety of hand and powered tools and
precision measuring instruments.
Class B - A worker who assembles parts into units or subassemblies in accordance
with standard and prescribed procedures, and whose work involves any combination of the fol
lowing; assembling a limited range of standard and familiar products composed of a number of
small or medium-sized parts requiring some fitting or adjusting; assembling large units that
require little or no fitting of component parts; working under conditions where accurate per
formance and completion of work within set time limits are essential for subsequent assem
bling operations; and using a limited variety of hand or powered tools.
Class C - A worker who performs short-cycle, repetitive assembling operations, and
whose work does not Involve any fitting or making decisions regarding proper performance of
the component parts or assembling procedures.
Metalworking - Continued
CHIPPER AND GRINDER
(Air hansnerman; bench grinder; chipper; disc grinder; face grinder; portable-grinder
operator; power-chisel operator; shaft grinder; snagger; stand grinder; swing-frame
grinder)
Operates one or more types of chipping or grinding equipment in removing undesirable
projections or surplus metal (fins, burrs, gates, risers, weld seams) from sand- or die-castings, forgings, or welded units* The more common types of equipment employed for such oper
ations include pneumatic chisels, portable grinding tools, stand grinders, and swing-frame
grinders* A variety of hand tools including hammers, cold chisels, hand files and saws may
also be utilized by the operator in his work. This classification includes workers who spe
cialize on either chipping or grinding work, as well as those who perform both types of oper
ations*
COREMAKER, HAND
A worker who shapes by hand (on bench or floor) varying cores used in molds to form
hollows and holes in metal castings, and whose work requires most of the following: selecting
appropriate core boxes and work sequence; cleaning core boxes with compressed air or hand
bellows and dusting parting sand over inside of core box to facilitate removal of finished
core; packing and rauming core sand solidly into box, using shovels, hands, and tamping tools;
selecting and setting vent wires and reinforcing wires into cores; determining appropriate
sand blends and moisture content of sand required for a particular core; removing core box
from core and repairing damage to impressions; baking cores to harden them; and assembling
cores of more than one section.
DRILL-PRESS OPERATOR, SINGLE- OR MUITIPIE-SPINDIE
Performs such operations as drilling, reaming, countersinking, counterbaring, spot
facing and tapping on one or more types of single-spindle or multiple-spindle drill presses.
This classification includes operators of all types of
radial-drill presses and portable drilling equipment*
drill presses
other
than
Class A - Operator who is required to set up machine for operations requiring care
ful positioning, blocking and aligning of units; to determine speeds, feeds, tooling and oper
ation sequence; and to make all necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite
dimensions or
Operator who is required to set up machine where speeds, feeds, tooling and operation
sequence are prescribed but whose work involves very difficult operations such as deep drill
ing, or baring to exacting specifications.
Class B - Operator who is required to set up machine
on standard
operations where
feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence are prescribed; and to make all necessary adjust
ments during operation or
Operator who is required to maintain set-up made by others, including making all ne
cessary adjustments during operation on work requiring considerable care on the part of the
operator to maintain specified tolerances.
Class C - Operator who is required only to operate machine, on routine and repetitive
operations; to make only minor adjustments during operation; and when trouble occurs to stop
the machine and cedi on foreman, leadman, or set-up ^
to correct the operation.
ENGINE-LATHE OPERATOR
Operates an engine lathe for shaping external and internal cylindrical surfaces of
metal objects. The engine lathe, basically characterized by a headstock, tailstock, and power
31
-
Metalworking - Continued
fed tool carriage, is a general-purpose machine tool used primarily for turning. It is also
commonly used in performing such operations as facing, boring, drilling, and threading; and,
equipped with appropriate attachments, it may be used for a very wide variety of special machin
ing operations. The stock may be held in position by the lathe "centers" or by various types
of chucks and fixtures.
This classification excludes operators of bench lathes, automatic lathee, automaticscrew machines, and hand-turret lathes and hand-screw machines.
Class A - Operator who is required to set up machine; to select feeds, speeds, tool
ing and operation sequence; and to make necessary adjustments during operation to achieve
requisite dimensions or
Operator who is required to set up machine from drawings, blueprints or layout, in
accordance with prescribed feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence and to make necessary
adjustments during operation where changes in work and set-up are frequent and where care is
essential to achieve very close tolerances.
Operator may be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and
to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils.
Class B - Operator who is required to maintain operation set up by others, by making
all necessary adjustments, where care is essential to achieve very close tolerances or
Operator who is required to set up machine on standard or roughing operations where
feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence cure prescribed; and to make adjustments during
operation.
Operator may be required to recognize when tools need dressing,
to select proper coolants and cutting oils.
to dress tools and
Class C - Operator who is required only to operate machine on routine and repetitive
operations; to make only minor adjustments during operation; and when trouble occurs to stop
the machine and call on foreman, leadman, or set-up man to correct the operation.
INSPECTOR
A worker who performs such operations as examining parts or products far flaws and
defects, and checking their dimensions and appearance to determine whether they meet the re
quired standards and specifications.
Class A - A worker who inspects parts, products, and/or processes with responsi
bility for decisions regarding the quality of the product and/or operations, and whose work
involves any combination of the following: thorough knowledge of the processing operations
in the branch of work to which he is assigned, including the use of a variety of precision
measuring instruments; interpreting drawings and specifications in inspection work on units
composed of a large number of component parts; examining a variety of products or processing
operations; determining causes of flaws in products and/or processes and suggesting necessary
changes to correct work methods; and devising inspection procedures for new products.
Class B - A worker who inspects parts, products, and/or processes and whose work
involves any combination of the following: knowledge of processing operations in the branch
of work to which he is assigned, limited to familiar products and processes or where perform
ance is dependent on past experience; performing inspection operations on products and/or
processes having rigid specifications, but where the inspection procedures involving a se
quence of inspection operations, including decisions regarding proper fit or performance of
some parts; and using precision measuring instruments.
32
Metalworking - Continued
INSPECTOR - Continued
Class C - A worker who inspects parts, products and/or processes and whose work in
volves any combination of the following: short-cycle, repetitive inspection operations; using
a standardized, special-purposes measuring instrument repetitively; and visual examination of
parts or products, rejecting units having obvious deformities or flaws.
MACHINIST, PRODUCTION
A worker who Is required to fabricate metal parts involving a series of progressive
operations and whose work involves most of the following: understanding of written Instruc
tions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist1s hand
tools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools;
shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to di
mensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; understanding of the working proper
ties of the common metals; and selecting standard materials, parts and equipment needed for
his work. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex
perience .
MILLING-MACHINE OPERATOR
(Milling-machine operator, automatic; milling-machine operator, hand)
Performs a variety of work such as grooving, planing, and shaping metal objects on
a milling machine, which removes material from metal surfaces by the cutting action of multi
toothed rotating cutters of various sizes and shapes.
Milling-machine types vary from the manually controlled machines employed
production to fully automatic (conveyor-fed) machines found in plants engaged in mass
tion. This classification includes operators of all types of milling machines except
purpose millers such as thread millers, duplicators, die sinkers, pantograph millers
graving millers.
In unit
produc
single
and en
Class A - Operator who is required to set up machine; to select feeds, speeds, tool
ing and operation sequence; and to make necessary adjustments during operation to achieve req
uisite dimensions or
Operator who Is required to set up machine from drawings, blueprints, or lay-out in
accordance with prescribed feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence, and to make neces
sary adjustments during operation where changes in work and set up are frequent and where con
siderable care is essential to achieve very close tolerances.
Operator may be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and
to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils.
Class B - Operator who is required to set up machines on standard operations where
feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence are prescribed; to make adjustments during oper
ation; and to maintain prescribed tolerances or
Operator who is required to maintain operation set up by others, by making all neces
sary adjustments, where considerable care is essential to achieve very close tolerances.
Metalworking - Continued
Operator may be required to recognize when tools need dressing,
to select proper coolants and cutting oils.
to dress tools and
Class C - Operator who is required to operate only, on routing and repetitive oper
ations; to make only minor adjustments during operation; and when trouble occurs to stop ma
chine and call on foreman, leadman or set-up man to correct the operation.
MOLDER, FLOOR
A worker who shapes large molds or mold sections by hand on the foundry floor or in
a pit, by ramming or packing sand around a pattern placed in a flask, and whose work Involves
most of the following: selecting and assembling appropriate flasks and patterns and position
ing patterns in flasks for a variety of molds; determination of appropriate sand blends and
moisture content of sand required far different molds; packing and ramming sand around pattern;
drawing pattern and smoothing mold; selecting and setting in position appropriate cores; deter
mination of appropriate gating, venting reinforcing and facing required for particular mold;
assembling mold sections Into complete mold; using such molder's hand tools as riddles, rammers,
trowels, slicks, lifters, bellows and mallets in compacting and smoothing of mold; directing
the pouring of the molten metal into mold, and operation of crane in lifting and moving of
mold or mold sections.
SHAKE-OUT MAN
A worker who removes castings from the molds in which they were cast, and whose work
involves one or more of the following: releasing clamps holding sections of flask together,
separating the sections and breaking the sand mold from the castings, using a steel bar or
sledge hammer, or removing castings from the sand with the aid of metal hooks; operating a
vibrating shake-out screen in removing sand and castings from flasks; using a pneumatic shaker
which, when attached to the flask, jars or Jolts It until the mold has crumbled; using a
vibratory air-hammer to remove the sand and castings; shaking loosely adhering sand from cast
ings; and shoveling sand shaken from molds into a pile.
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
(Die maker; Jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker)
A worker who constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, Jigs, fixtures or
dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work, and whose work involves most of the
following: planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings or other oral
and written specifications; using a variety of tool-and-die maker's hand tools and precision
measuring Instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys;
setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop conputations relating to dimensions of work, speed, feeds, and tooling of machines; heat-treating
of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required
qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed toler
ances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials, tools and processes. In general,
the tool-and-die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom
practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Far wage study purposes, tool and die makers are classified as:
Tool and die makers, jobbing shops
Tool and die makers, other than jobbing shops
Metalworking - Continued
WELDER, HAND
A worker who fuses (welds) metal objects together by means of an oxyacetylene torch
or arc welding apparatus in the fabrication of metal shapes and in repairing broken or cracked
metal objects. In addition to performing hand welding or brazing operation, he may also lay
out guide lines or marks on metal parts and may cut metal with a cutting torch.
Class A - Worker who performs welding operations requiring most of the following:
planning and laying out of work from drawings, blueprints or other written specifications;
knowledge of welding properties of a variety of metals and alloys; setting up of work and de
termining operation sequence; welding of high pressure vessels or other objects involving cri
tical safety and load requirements; working tram a variety of positions; and ability to weld
with gas or arc apparatus.
Class B - Worker who is required to perform either arc or gas welding operations on
repetitive work, where no critical safety and load requirements are involved; where the work
calls mainly for one position welding; and where the layout and planning of the work are per
formed by others.
Department and Clothing Stores
ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER
A worker who operates an elevator to transport passengers from floor to floor. An
nounces floor numbers and usually announces merchandise located on each floor. Answers ques
tions regarding location of merchandise.
PACKER, BUIX
A worker who packs and crates bulk merchandise for delivery by truck or shipment by
parcel post, express, or freight. The work of the packer involves most of the following: re
ceiving orders or saleschecks; obtaining merchandise from stock or from stockman; checking
merchandise against specifications on saleschecks; wrapping and packing merchandise using
tissue paper, excelsior, corrugated board, cartons, wooden crates, etc.; attaching address
labels or stenciling name and address on crates or cartons; sending finished package to ship
ping room.
SAT.re CLERK
A worker who sells merchandise in an assigned department of a store or in a store
specializing in one or a few items. Determines merchandise desired by customer, assists in
selection, explains and demonstrates various qualities of the merchandise, receives payment,
and makes out salescheck. May also do own cashiering and wrapping and assist in stocking and
displaying merchandise.
Sales Clerks are classified by department, as follows:
Men’s clothing
Men’s furnishings
Piece goods (yard goods, upholstery fabrics)
Women’s accessories (hosiery, gloves, handbags, etc.)
Women’s dresses
Women’s suits and coats
33
Department and Clothing Stores - Continued
TAILOR, ALTERATION (WOMENS GARMENTS)
A worker who makes alterations on women’s suits, coats, or dresses. Typical alter
ations include such items as remodeling shoulders and necklines, re-setting sleeves and collars,
taking-in side seams, and felling in accordance with markings on garment or instructions re
ceived from Fitter. The work of the alteration tailor involves most of the following: rip
ping seams and linings, re-cutting fabric, basting in position for sewing, re-sewing by hand
or machine. May also press new seams, and press or iron garment with hand iron or pressing
machine when alterations are completed.
Restaurants and Cafeterias
BPS BOY (OR GIRL)
(Tray girl)
A worker who assists in the dining room and whose work involves most of the follow
ing: carrying dirty dishes to kitchen; replacing soiled linen with clean linen; maintaining
a supply of clean linens, silverware and dishes in dining room; filling water bottles and
glasses; sweeping and cleaning dining room, dusting furniture and fixtures; carrying trays for
customers in cafeterias; and performing other tasks such as washing dishes, setting tables,
cleaning and polishing silverware and preparing coffee.
CHECKER-CASHIER
A person who checks customer’s purchases and receives payment and whose work involves
most of the following: entering the amount of each purchase and totaling bill; collecting
money and making change; balancing cash received against cash register; making authorized dis
bursements; wrapping packages; packing bags and stocking shelves. Found principally in selfservice stores and cafeterias.
COOK, ALL-AROUND
A person who does general cooking; preparing by any method meats, fish, poultry,
vegetables, soups, sauces and gravies. In addition, may carve and serve portions, bake pas
tries and hot breads, make cooked desserts, and supervise dishwashers and kitchen help.
COOK, SHORT ORDER
A person who cooks to order steaks, chops, cutlets, eggs and other quickly prepared
foods and serves to waiters or to customers over the counter. May, in addition, serve roasts,
stews, soups, sauces, or vegetables from a steam table. This classification includes break
fast cooks in hotels.
COUNTER ATTENDANT
(Counterman; steam-table attendant)
A person who serves food to customers at a lunch counter or cafeteria by obtaining
portions of individually ordered food directly firan the kitchen or making order from the steam
table at the customer's direction. In addition, may fill condiment containers, arrange dishes,
keep equipment in orderly condition, prepare toast, hot cakes, waffles, eggs, sandwiches, or
beverages, and receive payment from customer and make change or issue food checks which are
given to the cashier.
3^
Restaurants and Cafeterias - Continued
WAITER OR WAITRESS
A worker who serves food and beverages to patrons and, in addition, generally sets
table with clean linen and silverware, takes order from patron, and makes out check. May also
take payment.
Banks
TELLER, PAYING, OR PAYING ARP RECEIVING, COMMERCIAL
Cashes customers1 personal or other checks. May also receive deposits on checking
accounts and make entries in customers' account books. Writes up or signs deposit slips to be
used in later balancing books. May record the daily transactions and balance accounts. May
supervise one or more clerks who record details of transactions, such as names, dates, serial
numbers, and amounts involved so that pertinent data may be distributed among the several de
partments for recording, filing, and clearing. May also handle withdrawals and deposits on
savings accounts.
For wage study purposes, tellers are classified
service with the establishment as follows:
on the basis
of their
length of
Under 5 years1 service
5 years' or more service
TELLER, SAYINGS
Receives
customers' account
books. May record
who record details
deposits and pays out withdrawals on savings accounts. Makes entries in
books. Writes up or signs deposit slips to be used later in balancing
daily transactions and balance accounts. May supervise one or more clerks
of transactions.
For wage study purposes, tellers are classified on the
service with the establishment as follows:
basis of their
length of
Under 5 years' service
5 years' or more service
Office Buildings Service
CLEANER
A worker who keeps halls, offices, and/or rooms of public buildings, offices, com
mercial establishments, or apartment houses in a clean, orderly condition and whose work in
volves: sweeping, mopping and/or scrubbing floors; disposing of waste or litter; and/or dust
ing furniture and equipment. May also be required to polish metal fixtures and fittings.
This classification does not include window washers.
ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER
A worker who transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment
house, department store, hotel or similar establishment.
Office Buildings Service - Continued
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
A worker who operates and maintain and/or supervises the operation of stationary
engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply power, heat, refrigeration or airconditioning and whose work involves: operating and maintaining and/or supervising the oper
ation of such equipment as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, venti
lating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making or super
vising equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel
consumption. This classification does not include head or chief engineers in establishments
employing more than one engineer.
For wage study purposes, engineers are classified as follows:
Engineers, stationary (licensed)
Engineers, stationary (unlicensed)
FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
A worker who fires stationary boilers used in a factory, power plant, or other es
tablishment to furnish heat, to generate power, or to supply steam for industrial processes,
and whose work involves feeding fuel to fire by hand or operating a mechanical stoker, gas,
or oil burner; and checking water and safety valves. In addition, may clean, oil, or assist
in repairing boiler room equipment.
WATCHMAN
A worker who guards premises of plant property, warehouses, office buildings, or
banks. Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and
illegal entry.
Power Laundries
CLERK, RETAIL RECEIVING
A person who receives work from routemen or from customers over the counter in the
receiving office or store of a dry-cleaning or laundry establishment and whose work involves
most of the following: maintaining a record of articles or bundles received; returning com
pleted work to customers who call for It; collecting payment and maintaining simple records
of money received; and in establishments where dry cleaning is done, fastening an identifying
marker to each article, examining an article for defects such as holes, stains or tears, and
making a record of the identification symbol assigned to each article with a brief description
of the article and of any defects noted. This classification does not include store managers.
EXTRACTOR OPERATOR
(Whizzer operator)
A worker who removes surplus moisture from materials (such as wet cloth, clothing,
knit goods, and y a m ) by operating an extractor and whose work involves most of the following:
loading material into perforated drum of machine by hand or hoist; closing lid and starting
machine, allowing it to run a predetermined time or until fluid stops flowing from drain; re
moving partly dried materials; and hand trucking materials within the department. In addition,
the worker may assist the Washer in loading, operating, or unloading the washing machine.
Power Laundries - Continued
FINISHES, FLA1W0RK, MACHINE
A worker who performs flatwork finishing operations "by machine and whose work in
volves one or more of the following: shaking out the creases in semi-dry washing to prepare
it for the flatwork ironing machine; feeding clean, damp flatwork pieces into the flatwork
ironing machine "by placing the articles on the feeder rollers; and catching or receiving arti
cles aB they emerge from the machine and partially folding them.
FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
A worker who fires stationary boilers used in a factory, power plant, or other es
tablishment to furnish heat, to generate power, or to supply steam for industrial processes,
and whose work involves feeding fuel to fire by hand or operating a mechanical stoker, gas
or oil burner; and checking water and safety valves. In addition, may clean, oil, or assist
in repairing boiler room equipment.
MARKER
A worker who marks or affixes by hand or mechanical means, customer identifying
symbols on soiled garments, linens, or other articles. In addition may weigh, list, or count
articles contained In each bundle, sort contents of each bundle into groups according to treat
ment to be received, or note and record any damaged or stained condition of articles. This
classification does not include workers who do sorting, examining, or listing without marking
the various articles.
PRESSER, MACHINE, SHIRTS
A worker who operates or tends the operation of one or more of the several type
machines that press shirts, and who perform such shirt pressing operations as body pressing,
bosom pressing, collar and cuff pressing, and/or sleeve pressing.
WASHER, MACHINE
A worker who operates one or more washing machines to wash household linens, gar
ments, curtains, drapes and other articles and whose work involves the following: manipula
ting valves, switches, and levers to start and stop the machine and to control the amount and
temperature of water for the sudsing and rinsing of each batch; mixing and adding soap, bluing
and bleaching solutions; and loading and unloading the washing machine. In addition may make
minor repairs to washing machine.
WRAPPER, BUNDLE
A worker who wraps packages or finished products, or packs articles, goods, or ma
terials In cardboard boxes and secures the package or box with twine, ribbon, gunned tape, or
paste. The worker may segregate articles according to size or type, or according to customer’s
order and inspect articles for defects before wrapping.
35
Hotels
CASHIER
Receives money from customers or company employees in payment of accounts, bills,
itemized lists, or sales tickets. Makes necessary change. Balances cash received against
cash register or other record of receipts. May issue receipts for money received. May cash
checks. May make authorized disbursements. May make up pay roll or bank deposits. May sell
gift certificates.
In some hotels, may act as custodian for guestfs valuables placed in safe deposit
boxes, or left for safe keeping. May also poet charges against gueette accounts. In some es
tablishments, may also wrap packages.
This classification does not include Cashiers who do general bookkeeping for the es
tablishment, head cashiers in central tube rooms, and sales personnel who make their own change.
CLERK, ROOM
Rents and assigns rooms to persons applying at desk, over the telephone, or in writ
ing. Arranges transfer of registered guests to other roams. Checks out guests and refers
them to Cashier for payment of bill.
ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER
A worker who transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment
house, department store, hotel or similar establishment.
MAID, CHAMBER
(Room maid)
Performs routine duties, cleaning and servicing of guest's rooms under close super
vision of housekeeper. May also clean baths.
Auto Repair Shops
BODY REPAIRMAN, METAL
(Automobile-collision serviceman; fender and body repairman; body man)
Repairs damaged automobile fenders and bodies to restore their original shape and
smoothness of surface by hammering out and filling dents, and by welding breaks in the metal.
May remove bolts and nuts, take off old fenders, and install new fenders. May perform such
related tasks as replacing broken glass and repairing damaged radiators and woodwork. May
paint repaired surfaces.
GREASER
(Lubricating man)
Lubricates, by means of hand-operated or compressed-air operated grease guns and
oil sprays, all parts of automobile or truck where lubrication is required, using proper type
Auto Repair Shops - Continued
GREASER - Continued
lubricant cn tbs various points cn chassis or motors) drains old lubricant from lubricant reser
voirs and refills with new. May perform other related duties, such as checking radiator water
level, checking and adding distilled water to battery, repairing tires, etc. May also perform
duties of washer.
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE
Repairs automobiles and trucks, performing such duties as disassembling and overhaul
ing engines, transmissions, clutches, rear ends, and other assemblies on automobiles, replac
ing worn or broken parts, grinding valves, adjusting brakes, tightening body bolts, aligning
wheels, etc. In addition to general automotive mechanics, this classification also Includes
workers whose duties are limited to repairing and overhauling the motor.
Class A - Repairs, rebuilds, or overhauls engines, transmissions, clutches, rear
ends, or other assemblies, replaces worn or broken parts, grinds valves, bores cylinders, fits
rings. In addition may ad Joist brakes or lights, tighten body bolts, align wheels, etc. May
remove or replace motors, transmissions or other assemblies. May do machining of parts.
Class B - Adjusts brakes or lights, tightens body bolts, aligns wheels, or makes
othar adjustments or repairs of a minor nature) or removes and replaces motors, transmissions,
clutches, rear ends, etc., but does no repairing, rebuilding, or overhauling of these assem
blies. Workers who are employed as helpers to Mechanics are excluded ffccm this classification.
MECHANIC’S HELPER*
Assists Automotive Mechanic by performing lesser skilled duties involved in auto re
pair and maintenance and in making minor adjustments. While working with a mechanic, performs
such duties as furnishing tools, disassembling parts, making miner repairs and adjustments) un
fastens engines from chassis, drops bolts, pulls wheels off, inspects brake linings, removes
oil filters and carburetors, removes and cleans spark plugs, repairs and services windshield
wipers, removes batteries from vehicles and electric trucks and makes repairs or replaces
same, and performs similar mechanical duties as assigned.
Jacks up vehicles, removes old or punctured tires from wheels and replaces them) ex
amines tubes for holes by visual inspection or by immersing inflated tube in tank of water and
patches tube) examines casings for nails or other objects that cause punctures and removes.
May vulcanize patch to tub© by clamping patched part of tube to hot vulcanizing plate for speci
fied time) patches breaks in casings by cleaning area about break, coating area with rubber
cement and pressing patch over hole. Repairs valve stems by re threading and by refitting
tops) vulcanizes new stems to tubes.
Lubricates all types of automotive vehicles such as passenger cars, trucks, tractors,
buses, construction equipment, etc.) changes oil and grease, lubricates chassis and body parts
of vehicles according to specifications) drains lubricant from crankcase, transmission and
differential) flushes systems with light oil diluted with kerosene and re-fills reservoir with
lubricant of correct viscosity) lubricates engine and chassis parts with the use of hand and
compresses air operated grease guns, oil sprays, and oil cans) tightening loose fittings with
hand tools) adds water to battery where necessary) flushes radiator and re-fills with water
and anti-frees©) services vehicles with gasoline and oil.
^Bureau of Public Roads description,
Auto Repair Shops - Continued
Cleans and washes vehicles of all types. Work involves operation of Kerrick cleaner
machines, including responsibility for correct mixture of solvent In tbs machine, watching oil
fire for testing solution, and the proper performance of motor.
PAINTER, AUTOMOTIVE**
Brief
Serves as brush or air spray painter of automotive, and construction equipment. Per
forms stripping and lettering and mixes paint to match colors. Overhauls, adjusts,
services, maintains and repairs automobiles, trucks, tractors, and all road building
equipment •
Duties
Under general supervision:
1.
Performs the painting of cars., trucks, tractors, and miscellaneous construction
equipment. Is required to mix paints and match colors. Operates both brush and
spray guns in the painting and stripping of equipment.
2.
Disassembles, assembles, overhauls and adjusts engines, transmissions, clutches,
differentials, universal^ brakes, lights, align and balances wheels, and tightens
body bolts.
WASHER, AUTOMOBILE
(Car washer; wash boy)
Washes automobiles and trucks; sweeps and cleans interior of automobile; may polish
auto vehicle bodies, using polishing compound and a cloth. Various parts of this Job may be
performed by individual workers in automobile laundries production lines.
*#D©partment of Defense description,
INDEX
Page Number
Description Earnings or rate
Accountant ......................... .......... .
Accountant, senior.............................
Assembler (metalvorklng) ....... ............. ...........
Bench hand (bakeries) ..................
Biller, machine (billingmachine) .....................
Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) ................... ...
Blacksmith, maintenance (railroads) ..........
Body repairman, metal (auto repair shops) .................
Bookkeeper, hand.........................
Bookkeeping-machineoperator.......
Bricklayer (building construction) ......
Building laborer (building construction) ........
Bus boy (restaurants and cafeterias) ......
Calculating-machine operator (Comptometer type) .............
Calculating-machine operator (Comptometer type) (railroads) ••••
Calculating-machine operator (other than Comptometer type)...
Carpenter (building construction) .........................
Carpenter, maintenance .......... ......«•................
Cashier (hotels) ..........................
Checker-cashier (restaurants and cafeterias) ...............
Chipper and grinder (metalvorklng) .....
Cleaner.......................
Cleaner (office buildings) ••••••••••.....
Cleaner (railroads) .........
Clerk, accounting ............. ......••••••••••...........
Clerk, accounting (railroads) ........... •......... ......
Clerk, file .........
Clerk, general, Junior........ ............ •..... .
Clerk, general,Intermediate ......................
Clerk, general,senior....................
Clerk, order ..........................
Clerk, pay roll.......................................
Clerk, pay roll (railroads) ..........
Clerk, retail, receiving (laundries) ......................
Clerk, room (hotels) ..............
Clerk-typist ........
Compositor, hand (printing) ..........
Cook, all around (restaurants and cafeterias) ................
Cook, short order (restaurants and cafeterias) •••••••••••••••••
Coremaker, hand (metalvorklng) .....
Counter attendant (restaurants and cafeterias) .........
Dough mixer (bakeries) ..........
Drill-press operator, single- and multiple-spindle
(metalvorklng) ...................................
Electrician (building construction) ......................
Electrician, maintenance ........
Electrician, maintenance (railroads) ...........
Elevator operator, passenger (department and clothing stores) ..
Elevator operator, passenger (hotels) ....... .......... •••••
Elevator operator, passenger (office buildings) •••••.......
Engineer, stationary (office buildings) .........
Engine-lathe operator (metalvorklng) .......................
Extractor operator (laundries)
...................... .
Finisher, flatvork, machine (laundries) ...................
Fireman, heating... ..............
Fireman, stationary boiler (laundries) •••••••••••••..••......
Fireman, stationary boiler (office buildings) ••••••••.... •••••
Fork-lift operator .......................
Fork-lift operator (railroads) ......
Greaser (auto repair shops) ................
Helper, trades, maintenance
Helper, trades, maintenance (railroads) ..••••••••••..... ••••••
25
25
30
-
25
27
35
25
25
33
25
25
25
27
35
33
31
29
3^
29
25
25
25
26
26
25
26
26
26
3^
35
26
33
33
31
33
-
6, 8
6
16
20
6, 8
8
20
19
6, 8
6, 8
20
20
IT
9
20
9
20
13
3-9
3.7
3.6
1^
3.8
20
6, 9
20
9
1 10
1 10
1 10
1 10
7 10
20
19
19
7 10
20
IT
17
3-6
IT
20
31
27
27
33
35
3^
3^
31
3*t
35
27
35
3^
29
29
35
27
27
3.6
20
13
20
3.7
3.9
3L8
3.8
16
19
3.9
13
3L9
Id
1^
20
3.9
13
20
25
,,
,
,
,
,
.
37
INDEX (Continued)
Page Humber
Description Earnings or rate
Inspector (metalvorklng) .... ...........................
Janitor........ .............. •.......................
Janitor (railroads) ............ ...... .................
Machine operator (bakeries) ...... ...... ....... .........
Machine operator (printing) ..................... ....... . •
Machinist, maintenance ................... ........... ..
Machinist, maintenance (railroads) ............ .......... .
Machinist, production (metalvorklng) ......... ........... .
Maid, chamber (hotels) ...... ............ ............ .
Maintenance man, general utility ... ......... ........ .....
Marker (laundries) ... ................ .............
Mechanic, automotive (auto repair shops) ............... .
Mechanic, maintenance ... ............... ............
Mechanic's helper (auto repair shops) ... ............... .
Milling-machine operator (metalvorklng) ............... ....
Molder, floor (metalvorklng) ................«•............
Office h o y .... ............ ....... ............... .
Office hoy (railroads) .......... ........................
Office girl ...........................................
Operator, hue, trolley coach or street car (local transit) •••••
Operator, heating plant .......... ......... .......... ..
Operator, pumping plant .•............................. ••••
Order filler..................... ...... ..............
Overman (bakeries) ............... ;•••*>•••••••••••....... .
Packer, hulk (department and clothing stores) ••••••••••••»•••••
Painter (building construction) •••••..... .................
Painter, automotive (auto repair shops) ....... .............
Painter, maintenance... .......... .................... ..
Painter, maintenance (railroads) ... ............... .
Pipe fitter, maintenance (railroads) ... ..................
Plasterer (building construction) ....................... ..
Plumber (building construction)... ............... .......
Porter....... ....................... »••••.••••••••••••••
Preseer, machine, shirts (laundries) ................ .
Sales clerk (department and clothing stores) ...............
Secretary..... ........... ••••............... ..........
Shake-out loan (metalvorklng) ... ........................ .
Sponger (bakeries) ........ ............... .....••••••••••
Stenographer, general.... .......... ....................
Stenographer, general (railroads) .......... ...............
Stenographer, technical .................•••••*••••••......
Stock handler .......... ........ .................... .
Stock handler (railroads) ........ ..... ............. .
Switchboard operator *••.••••..«••••••••••••••••... .
Switchboard operator-receptionist... •••••••••••••••.... ..
Tailor, alteration (vomen's garments) (department and
clothing stores) .............. ........................
Teller, paying, or paying and receiving, coonerclal (banks) .•••
Teller, savings (banks) .................. ...... ........
Tool-and-dle maker (metalvorklng) .... ................... .
Track laborer (railroads) ...... ...... ........ ......
Transcribing-machine operator, general ..................
Truck driver ......... ............................. •••••
Trucker, hand ......................... ............... .
Trucker, hand (railroads)
Typist......... ............ ......... ..... ...........
Waitress (restaurants and cafeterias) ..............
Washer, automobile (auto repair shops) ..•••••... ...........
Washer, machine (laundries) ............. ....... •••••••••«•
Watchman (office buildings) ....... ....... .
Welder, hand (metalvorklng) ..... ••••••...... ..... .......
Wrapper, bundle (laundries) ............... .......
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& U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 0— 1950
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@FedFRASER