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Ic Library Occupational Wage Survey JW n o3 BURLINGTON, VERMONT MARCH 1963 Bulletin No. 1345-50 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S Ew an C lague, Com m issioner Occupational Wage Survey BURLINGTON, VERMONT MARCH 1963 Bulletin No. 1345-50 May 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W . Willard W irtz, Secretary B U R E A U O F LA B O R S T A T IS T IC S Ew a n C la g u e , C o m m issio n e r For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents Contents Preface Page The L a b o r M ark et O ccu p ational W age S u rvey P r o g r a m Introduction E ig h ty -t w o la b o r m a r k e t s c u r r e n t ly a r e in cluded in th e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s p r o g r a m o f ann ua l o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m a j o r l a b o r m a r k e t s . These s t u d i e s p r o v i d e da t a on o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s and r e l a t e d su p p lem en ta ry b enefits. I n f o r m a t i o n on r e l a t e d s u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s i s o b t a i n e d b i e n n i a l l y in m o s t o f the l a b o r m arkets. T a b les: _______________________________________________________________________ 1 1. E s t a b l i s h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s u r v e y ______________ 3 A: O ccu pational ea rn ings: * A -l. O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n and w o m e n __________________________ A - 2 . P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n 4 A -3. A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t w hich p r e s e n ts earnings tr e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s and a v e r a g e e a r n in g s in s e l e c t e d j o b s i s r e l e a s e d w it h i n a m o n t h a f t e r the c o m p l e t i o n o f the s tu d y in e a c h a r e a . T h is bu lletin p r o v i d e s a d d i t i o n a l da t a n ot i n c l u d e d in the p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t . O f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s — m e n and w o m e n c o m b i n e d _____________________________________ M a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p l a n t o c c u p a t i o n s ___________________ C u s t o d i a l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s _____________ 5 6 7 E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s : * B -l. M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s ____ B -2. Sh ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s ________________________________________________ B -3. S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s _________________________________________ B -4. P a i d h o l i d a y s _____________________________________________________ B -5. P a i d v a c a t i o n s ____________________________________________________ B -6. H e a l th , i n s u r a n c e , a nd p e n s i o n p l a n s _______________________ 8 9 9 10 11 13 A -4. A - 5. B: A t w o - p a r t s u m m a r y b u l l e t i n i s i s s u e d a f t e r the c o m p l e t i o n o f a l l o f the a r e a b u l l e t i n s f o r a r o u n d of s u r v e y s ( f o r th e c u r r e n t r o u n d o f s u r v e y s , the f i r s t p a r t of th is b u l l e t i n w i l l b e a v a i l a b l e l a t e in 1963 and the s e c o n d p a r t e a r l y in 19 6 4). T h e f i r s t p a r t p r e s e n t s in d i v i d u a l l a b o r m a r k e t da ta . T h e s e c o n d p a r t p r e s e n t s da t a r e l a t i n g to a ll m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s in the U n ite d S t a te s . A ppendix: O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ________________________________________ T h i s b u l l e t i n w a s p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u ' s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in B o s t o n , M a s s . , b y L e o E p s t e i n , u n d e r the d i r e c t i o n o f P a u l V. M u l k e r n , A s s i s t a n t R e g i o n a l D i r e c t o r f o r W a g e s and I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s . * N O T E ; S im ila r tabu lation s a r e a v a ila b le f o r oth er m a jor areas. (S e e i n s i d e b a c k c o v e r . ) U n io n s c a l e s , i n d i c a t i v e of p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s in th e B u r l i n g t o n a r e a , a r e a l s o a v a i l a b l e f o r s e v e n s e l e c t e d b uildin g t r a d e s . iii 15 O ccu p a tio n a l W age S u rv ey —B u r lin g to n , V t. Introduction T h i s a r e a i s 1 o f 82 l a b o r m a r k e t s i n w h i c h the U. S. D e partm en t o f L a b o r 's B ureau of L a b o r Statistics conducts su rv ey s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s and r e l a t e d w a g e b e n e f i t s o n an a r e a w i d e b a sis. In th is a r e a , da t a w e r e o b t a i n e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s to r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in s i x b ro a d in du stry div ision s: M anufacturing; tr an sp orta tion , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te; and s e r v i c e s . M a jor in d u stry grou ps e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e s e s t u d i e s a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s a n d the c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s . E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f e w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a re o m itte d b e c a u s e they te n d to f u r n i s h i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in the o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d to w arra n t in clu sion . S e p a r a t e t a b u l a t i o n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r ia . s c h e d u l e s ( r o u n d e d to the n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r ) f o r w h i c h s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s a r e p a id ; a v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t i o n s h av e b e e n r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a l f d o l l a r . D i f f e r e n c e s in p a y l e v e l s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s in w h i c h b o t h m e n a nd w o m e n a r e c o m m o n l y e m p l o y e d a r e l a r g e l y due to (1) d i f f e r e n c e s in the d i s t r i b u t i o n o f the s e x e s a m o n g i n d u s t r i e s and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ; (2) d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c d u tie s p e r f o r m e d , a lth o u g h the o c c u p a t i o n s a r e a p p r o p r i a t e l y c l a s s i f i e d w ith in th e s a m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n ; a n d (3) d i f f e r e n c e s in l e n g t h o f s e r v i c e o r m e r i t r e v i e w w h e n i n d i v i d u a l s a l a r i e s a r e a d j u s t e d o n th is b a s i s . Longer a v e r a g e s e r v i c e o f m e n w o u l d r e s u l t in h i g h e r a v e r a g e pa y w h e n b o t h s e x e s a r e e m p l o y e d w it h in the s a m e r a t e r a n g e . J ob d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d i n c l a s s i f y i n g e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a l l y m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d th an t h o s e u s e d in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s to a l l o w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s p e c i f i c d u t ie s p e r f o r m e d . T h e se su rv e y s a re con d u cte d on a sa m p le b a s is b e ca u s e of the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t i n v o l v e d in s u r v e y i n g a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . To o b t a i n o p t i m u m a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e th an o f s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i s s t u d i e d . In c o m b i n i n g the data, h o w e v e r , all e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iv e n th e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w eight. E s t i m a t e s b a s e d o n the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , a s r e l a t i n g to a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n the i n d u s t r y g r o u p i n g and a r e a , e x c e p t f o r t h o s e b e l o w the m i n i m u m s i z e s t u d ie d . O ccupations O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t the t o t a l in a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h in the s c o p e o f the s t u d y and n o t the n u m b e r a c tu ally su r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , the e s t i m a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b t a i n e d f r o m the s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d s e r v e o n l y to i n d i c a t e the r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f the j o b s s t u d ie d . These d ifferences in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e do n o t m a t e r i a l l y a f f e c t the a c c u r a c y . o f the e a r n i n g s da ta . and E a rn in g s T h e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s t u d y a r e c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g a n d n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , a n d a r e o f the follow in g types: (a) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l ; (c ) m a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p l a n t ; a n d (d) c u s t o d i a l a nd m a t e r i a l m o v e m ent. O ccu pa tion a l c l a s s ifi c a t io n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m set o f jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d to ta k e a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in d u t ie s w it h in the s a m e j o b . T h e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e l i s t e d a n d d e s c r i b e d in th e a p p e n d i x . E a rn in g s data f o r s o m e o f the o c c u p a t i o n s l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in the A - s e r i e s t a b l e s b e c a u s e e i t h e r ( l ) e m p l o y m e n t in the o c c u p a t i o n i s t o o s m a l l to p r o v i d e e n o u g h da ta to m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t da ta. E sta b lish m en t P r a c t ic e s I n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d ( in the B - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) o n s e l e c t e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s a s t h e y r e l a t e to o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s . The c o n c e p t " o f f i c e w o r k e r s , " as u se d in th is b u l l e t i n , i n c l u d e s w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s and n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g c l e r i c a l o r r e l a t e d f u n c t i o n s , and e x c l u d e s a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , a nd p r o f e s s i o n a l p e r s o n n e l . "P lant w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k in g f o r e m e n and all n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s (including l e a d m e n a n d t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f f i c e f u n c t i o n s . A dm in istrative, e x e c u tiv e , and p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s , and f o r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c tion e m p lo y e e s who a r e u tiliz e d as a se p a ra te w o r k f o r c e a r e e x clu ded . C a f e t e r i a w o r k e r s a n d r o u t e m e n a r e e x c l u d e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , but i n c l u d e d a s p la n t w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g in d u stries. O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t a n d e a r n i n g s da ta a r e s h o w n f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h i r e d to w o r k a r e g u l a r w e e k l y s c h e d u l e in the g i v e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . E a r n i n g s da ta e x c l u d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , a n d l a t e s h i f t s . N o n p r o d u c t i o n b o n u s e s a r e e x c l u d e d , b ut c o s t - o f - l i v i n g b o n u s e s and in c e n t iv e e a rn in g s a r e in clu d e d . W h ere w eek ly hours a re r e p o r t e d , a s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e i s to the w o r k and S u p p l e m e n t a r y W a g e P r o v i s i o n s M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s ( t a b l e B - l ) r e l a t e o n l y to the e s tablish m en ts v is ite d . T h e y a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l m i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r y p o l i c i e s . 1 2 Sh ift d i f f e r e n t i a l da ta ( t a b l e B - 2 ) a r e l i m i t e d to m a n u f a c t u r i n g in d u stries. T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d b o t h in t e r m s o f (a) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c y , 1 p r e s e n t e d i n t e r m s o f to t a l pla n t w o r k e r e m p l o y m e n t , and (b) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e , p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y e m p l o y e d o n the s p e c i f i e d s h if t at the t i m e o f th e s u r v e y . In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g v a r i e d d i f f e r e n t i a l s , the a m o u n t a p p l y i n g to a m a j o r i t y w a s u s e d o r , i f no a m o u n t a p p l i e d to a m a j o r i t y , the c l a s s ifica tio n " o t h e r " was u sed . In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n w h i c h s o m e l a t e s h if t h o u r s a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d i f f e r e n t i a l w a s r e c o r d e d o n l y i f it a p p l i e d to a m a j o r i t y o f the s h if t h o u r s . T h e s c h e d u l e d h o u r s ( t a b l e B - 3 ) o f a m a j o r i t y o f th e f i r s t s h if t w o r k e r s in a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t a r e t a b u l a t e d a s a p p l y i n g to a l l o f the pla nt o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f th at e s t a b l i s h m e n t . P a id h olidays; p a id v a c a t i o n s ; a n d h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s i o n p la n s ( t a b l e s B - 4 t h r o u g h B - 6 ) a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y o n the b a s i s that t h e s e a r e a p p l i c a b l e to a l l pla n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s i f a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e l i g i b l e o r m a y e v e n t u a l l y q u a l i f y f o r the p r a c t i c e s l i s t e d . Sums o f i n d i v i d u a l i t e m s in t a b l e s B - 2 t h r o u g h B - 6 m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a l s b e c a u s e o f rou nding. D a ta o n p a id h o l i d a y s ( t a b l e B - 4 ) a r e l i m i t e d to data o n h o l i d a y s g r a n t e d a n n u a lly o n a f o r m a l b a s i s ; i . e . , ( l ) a r e p r o v i d e d f o r in w r i t t e n f o r m , o r (2) h a v e b e e n e s t a b l i s h e d b y c u s t o m . H oli d a y s o r d i n a r i l y g r a n t e d a r e i n c l u d e d e v e n th o u g h t h e y m a y f a l l o n a n o n w o r k d a y , e v e n i f the w o r k e r i s n o t g r a n t e d a n o t h e r d a y o f f . The f i r s t p a r t o f the p a id h o l i d a y s t a b l e p r e s e n t s th e n u m b e r o f w h o l e a nd h a l f h o l i d a y s a c t u a l l y g r a n t e d . The s e c o n d part c o m b in e s whole a nd h a l f h o l i d a y s to s h o w t o t a l h o l i d a y t i m e . T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p la n s ( t a b l e B - 5 ) i s l i m i t e d to fo rm a l p o licie s, exclu din g in fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts w h e r e b y tim e off w ith p a y i s g r a n t e d at the d i s c r e t i o n o f the e m p l o y e r . Separate e s t i m a t e s a r e p r o v i d e d a c c o r d i n g to e m p l o y e r p r a c t i c e in c o m p u t i n g v a c a t io n p a y m e n t s , such as tim e p a y m e n t s , p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n in gs, o r fla t-s u m am ounts. H o w e v e r , i n the t a b u l a t i o n s o f v a c a t i o n p a y , p a y m e n t s not o n a t i m e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d to a t i m e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a nn ua l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s the e q u i v a l e n t o f 1 w e e k ' s p a y . D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s i o n p la n s ( t a b l e B - 6 ) f o r w h i c h at l e a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t i s b o r n e b y the e m p l o y e r , e x c e p t i n g o n l y l e g a l r e q u i r e m e n t s s u c h a s w o r k m e n ' s c o m p e n s a t io n , s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t . S u c h p la n s i n c l u d e t h o s e u n d e r w r i t t e n b y a c o m m e r c i a l i n s u r a n c e c o m p a n y and t h o s e p r o v i d e d t h r o u g h a u n i o n fun d o r p a i d d i r e c t l y b y the e m p l o y e r o u t o f c u r r e n t o p e r a t i n g f u n d s o r f r o m a fun d s e t a s i d e f o r th is p u r pose. D eath b e n e fits a r e in c lu d e d as a f o r m o f life i n s u r a n c e . S i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e i s l i m i t e d to th at ty p e o f i n suran ce under w hich p r e d e te r m in e d ca sh paym ents a re m ade d ir e ctly to the i n s u r e d o n a w e e k l y o r m o n t h l y b a s i s d u r i n g i l l n e s s o r a c cident disa b ility. I n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s u c h p la n s to w h i c h the e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t e s . H o w e v e r , in N e w Y o r k and N e w J e r s e y , w h ich have e n a c te d t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e law s w h ich r e q u i r e e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 2 p la n s a r e i n c l u d e d o n l y i f the e m p l o y e r (1) c o n t r i b u t e s m o r e than i s l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d , o r (2) p r o v i d e s the e m p l o y e e w ith b e n e f i t s w h i c h e x c e e d the r e q u i r e m e n t s o f the la w . T a b u l a t i o n s o f p a i d s i c k - l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to f o r m a l pla n s 3 w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l p a y o r a p r o p o r t i o n o f the w o r k e r ' s p a y d u r in g absence fr o m w ork because of illn e ss. Sep arate tabu lation s a re p r e s e n t e d a c c o r d i n g to (1) p la n s w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l p a y a n d no w a itin g p e r i o d , and (2) p la n s w h i c h p r o v i d e e i t h e r p a r t i a l p a y o r a w a itin g p eriod . In a d d i t i o n to the p r e s e n t a t i o n o f the p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s who a r e p r o v id e d s i c k n e s s and a c c id e n t i n s u r a n c e o r paid s i c k le a v e , a n u n d u p l i c a t e d t o t a l i s s h o w n o f w o r k e r s w h o r e c e i v e e i t h e r o r b o th types of ben efits. C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e , s o m e t i m e s r e f e r r e d to a s e x t e n d e d m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e , i n c l u d e s t h o s e p la n s w h i c h a r e d e s i g n e d to p r o t e c t e m p l o y e e s in c a s e o f s i c k n e s s a n d i n j u r y i n v o l v i n g e x p e n s e s b e y o n d the n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , m e d i c a l , a n d s u r g i c a l p l a n s . M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v i d i n g f o r c o m p l e t e o r p a r t i a l paym ent o f d o c to r s ' fe e s . S u ch p la n s m a y b e u n d e r w r i t t e n b y c o m m e r c i a l i n s u r a n c e c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s o r they m a y be s e lf -in s u r e d . T a b u l a t i o n s o f r e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to t h o s e p la n s th at p r o v i d e m o n t h l y p a y m e n t s f o r th e r e m a i n d e r o f the w o r k e r ' s l i f e . 2 T h e t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i l i t y l a w s in C a l i f o r n i a a n d R h o d e I s l a n d A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s h a v in g a p o l i c y i f it m edo t n ot r e q u i r e e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s . e i t h e r o f the f o l l o w i n g c o n d i t i o n s : (1) O p e r a t e d l a t e s h if t s at the t i m e 3 A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s h a v in g a f o r m a l p la n i f o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) h ad f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g l a t e s h i f t s . An it e s t a b l i s h e d at l e a s t the m i n i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s o f s i c k l e a v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d as h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s i f it ( l ) h a d th at c o u l d b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e . S u c h a p l a n n e e d not be o p e r a t e d la te s h if t s d u r in g the 12 m o n t h s p r i o r to the s u r v e y , o r w r i t t e n , but i n f o r m a l s i c k - l e a v e a l l o w a n c e s , d e t e r m i n e d o n an i n d i (2) had p r o v i s i o n s in w r i t t e n f o r m f o r o p e r a t i n g la te s h i f t s . vid u al b a s is , w e r e e x clu d e d . 1 3 T a b le 1. E sta b lish m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f s u r v e y and num ber studied in B u rlin gton , V t., 1 b y m a jo r in d u stry d iv is io n , 2 M a rch 1963 M inim um em ploym en t in e s ta b lis h m ents in s co p e o f study Industry d iv isio n W o r k e r s in esta b lish m en ts N um ber o f esta b lish m e n ts W ithin s c o p e o f study W ithin s co p e o f study 1 3 2 Studied T o t a l4 O ffice Studied Plant T o t a l4 ________________ . 36 36 6, 300 1, 000 4, 000 6, 300 M anufacturin g ___ __ _ ___ _ _____ __ ___ _ N onm anufacturing _____ __ . . . . ___ __________ T ra n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and other p u b lic u tilitie s 5 _ . . . . . ___ . . W h olesa le trade __________________________________________ R eta il trade F in a n ce, in su ra n ce , and r e a l estate _________________ _ S e r v ic e s 8 _ _______ __ _ __________ ___________ ___ 50 - 18 18 18 18 4, 460 1, 840 500 500 3, 000 1,0 0 0 4, 460 1, 840 50 50 50 50 50 5 1 8 3 1 5 1 8 3 1 860 50 560 280 90 A ll d iv is io n s _______________________________ 200 (‘ ) ( ) (6) (6) 500 (‘ ) (6) (7) (6) 860 50 560 280 90 1 The B u rlin gton A r e a c o n s is ts o f B u rlin gton , E s s e x Junction, South B u rlington, and W in oosk i. The " w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f study" e s tim a te s show n in this table prov id e a re a s o n a b ly a ccu ra te d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s itio n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d ed in the su rve y. The e s tim a te s a re not intended, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is of c o m p a r is o n w ith other em ploym en t in d exes fo r the a r e a to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tren d s or le v e ls sin ce (1) planning o f w age su r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u se o f e sta b lish m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in advance of the p a y r o ll p e r io d studied, and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a re e x clu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f the su rvey. 2 The 1957 r e v is e d ed ition o f the Standard In du strial C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u se d in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts by in du stry d iv isio n . 3 Inclu des all e sta b lish m e n ts w ith total e m p lo y m e n t at o r above the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (w ithin the a re a ) of c o m p a n ies in such in d u s trie s as tr a d e , fin a n ce, auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m otion p ictu re th e a te rs a re c o n s id e r e d as 1 esta b lish m e n t. 4 In clu des e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and other w o r k e r s e xclu d e d fr o m the sep arate o ffic e and plant c a t e g o r ie s . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid e n ta l to w a ter tr a n s p o r ta tio n w e re exclu d ed . 6 T h is in du stry d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s , and fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b les . Separate p r e s e n tation of data fo r this d iv is io n is not m ade fo r one or m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p loym en t in the d iv is io n is to o s m a ll to p ro v id e enough data to m e r it sep a ra te study, (2) the sam ple w as not d esig n ed in itia lly to p e rm it se p a ra te p re se n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u fficie n t o r inadequate to p e r m it se p a ra te p re se n ta tion , and (4) th ere is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f individual esta b lish m en t data. 7 W o r k e r s fr o m this en tire in d u stry d iv is io n a re r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , but fr o m the r e a l estate p o r tio n on ly in e s tim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s trie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s. S eparate p re s e n ta tio n of data fo r th is d iv is io n is not m ade fo r one o r m o r e of the r e a s o n s given in footn ote 6 above. 8 H otels; p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; au to m o b ile r e p a ir sh op s; m o tio n p ic tu r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o rg a n iz a tio n s ; and en gin eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s . A: Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women 4 (A v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e w e e k ly h ou rs and earn in gs f o r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n s stu died on an a r e a b a s is by in d u stry d iv isio n , B u rlin gton , Vt. , M a rch 1963) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Average Number of workers Sex, o ccu p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv isio n $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Weekly Weekly 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 hours 1 earnings 1 and “ (Standard) (Standard) under “ ” “ ■ ” " " “ “ 50. 00 5 5 ,0 0 6 0 .0 0 65. 00 70. 00 7 5 ,0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 90. 00 _25^<2<L 1QQ.Q.Q 1Q5.QQ 11Q.QQ 115.00 ■Ufl.QQ 125.00 n s L flfl 135.0Q 140.00 145.00 M en 12 9 39. 0 39. 0 $100. 50 107. 00 - - - * - - 8 6 39. 5 40. 5 79. 50 73. 50 - _ - _ - - 6 39. 0 85. 50 _ -------------------- 7 39. 0 58. 50 T a b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B ___________________________________ 10 40. 0 106. 50 31 7 24 39. 0 39. 5 39. 0 12 7 6 C le r k s , a ccou n tin g, c la s s A ____________ M anufacturin g ____________ —----------------C le r k s , accou n tin g, c la s s B ---------- C le r k s , p a y r o ll O ffic e b oys _________________ — — ------- --------------- - - - _ - - - 1 1 - _ - - _ _ - - - - - - 1 - - - 1 1 _ _ - _ - _ _ - - _ - 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 1 3 1 4 1 3 1 8 7 1 2 2 1 1 _ 3 2 1 1 _ _ _ - 1 1 - - _ _ _ _ _ . . . 1 2 1 . 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ 2 2 _ 2 _ - . _ _ - - _ _ _ _ 1 - 2 1 - 1 - - - - 1 - 3 2 - - 1 1 1 1 i i 1 1 _ _ _ 2 1 1 1 5 2 1 2 1 1 _1 _ - _ _ 2 2 2 1 i 5 2 3 2 _ _i 1 . 1 - - _ 1 1 1 1 2 2 _ - - - - 1 1 4 1 - - - - - 62. 00 74. 50 58. 50 _1 1 3 1 2 15 _ 15 2 _ 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 40. 5 40. 5 40. 0 87. 50 86. 50' 86. 50 _ _ _ _ _ _ 51 8 43 38. 5 40. 0 38. 0 70. 50 69. 50 70. 50 4 2 6 1 5 8 1 7 6 2 4 9 9 2 _ _ 2 4 2 2 3 4 3 7 9 14 8 6 39. 0 39. 0 39. 0 77. 00 76. 50 75. 00 _ _1 1 1 _ 2 2 1 1 1 _1 4 2 2 6 39. 5 57. 00 1 2 39. 40. 38. 39. 89. 95. 82. 85. _ - 8 3 5 5 3 2 1 4 2 2 8 2 6 _ " 1 1 - 1 ____ L _ W om en B o o k k e e p in g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s R _ __ _____________ C le r k s , a ccou n tin g, c la s s A ____________ C le r k s , a ccou n tin g , c la s s B ------------------- C le r k s , p a y r o ll ___________________________ K eypunch o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B ___________ S e c r e t a r ie s _____ _____ __ — ------- N onm anufacturing S w itch boa rd o p e r a t o r s - -------------------------------- ------------------------------ 56 29 27 8 8 0 0 0 5 42. 0 42. 5 00 00 50 5C 60. 50 5573c 2 2 1 3 _ - 3 3 1 _1 1 1 1 1 S w itch boa rd o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s _____ 9 39. 0 70. 50 1 1 T y p is ts , c la s s A __________________________ 6 39. 5 72. 00 1 1 T y p is ts , c la s s B __________________________ 16 39. 5 57. 50 5 5 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 2 _ " 3 1 Standard h ou rs r e fle c t the w ork w e e k fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir re g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s and the e a rn in gs c o r r e s p o n d to th ese w eek ly h ou rs . T ra n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r pu b lic u tilitie s . _ - 2 — r~ _ - _ - - _ _ 5 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women S alaries of p ro fe ssio n a l and tech n ica l w o rk e rs are om itted fro m this report. Data do not m eet publication cr ite r ia . Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations1-Men and Women Combined (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly earnings fo r s elected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Burlington, Vt., M arch 1963) O ccupation and industry division N u m b er of w orkers e a rn in g s23 (S ta n d a rd ) O ffice occupations 31 7 24 $62.00 74.50 58.50 C lerk s, accounting, cla s s A _______ ______________ 24 14 10 8 94.00 100.50 85.00 83.50 59 10 49 71.50 75.00 71.00 C lerks, p a y r o l l ___ _ _ _______ __ ____ O ffice boys and g irls S e cre ta rie s 20 9 7 $79.50 76.50 75.50 ________ 6 57.00 _ _____ __ ______________ ______ 7 58.50 __ __ __ 56 29 27 8 89.00 95.00 82.50 85.50 ___ __ _ ____ _ 1 S alaries of p ro fe ssio n a l and technical w ork ers are om itted fro m this report. Data do not m eet publication c rite ria . 2 Earnings relate to regular straigh t-tim e w eekly sa la rie s that are paid fo r standard w orkw eeks. 3 T ransportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. A verage weekly e arnings (S ta n d a rd ) O ccupation and industry division N um ber of w orkers A verage weekly earnings e (S ta n d a rd ) O ffice occupations— Continued __________ ______ _____________ Keypunch o p erators, cla s s B _ of O ffice occupations----Continued B ookkeeping-m achine op e ra to rs, cla ss B ___ _____ Nonmanufacturing N um ber O ccupation and industry division Sw itchboard, op era tors ____ ___ __ Sw itchboard, o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n ists ______________ 8 $60.50 56.50 __ ____________ 9 70.50 13 101.50 6 72.00 16 57.50 T ypists, cla s s A ______________________________________ 6 Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r m en in se le cte d occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division , Burlington, Vt., M arch 1963) NUM B ER OF W O RK ER S R E CE IVIN G ST R A IG H T -T IM E HOURLY E A RN IN G S OF— Number of worker* O ccupation and industry division 7 6 C a rp enters, m aintenance ______________________ M anufacturing __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ E le c tr ic ia n s , m a in te n a n c e ______________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g -----------------------------------------------F irem en , stationary b o i l e r _____________________ M anufacturing -----------------------------------------------M achinists, m a in te n a n c e _______________________ M anufacturing ------------------------------------------------M echanics, autom otive (maintenance) M echanics, m aintenance _ _ _ _ _ _ M anufacturing __ _ P a in ters, m aintenance _ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ Average hourly earning*1 $2.27 2.30 $ 1.40 *1.50 and under 1.50 1.60 “ 8 8 18 2.05 2.05 1.70 “ 2 2 $ 2.00 $ 2,10 $ 2.20 $ 2.30 $ 2.40 $ 2.50 $ 2.60 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 " “ " ” " 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 2 2 _ 1 1 1 1 1 . . 4 1 1 " 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ . " ~ . “ " 21 2.41 . . . 13 ll 2.86 2.86 " * “ 6 2.05 . 1 . 1 E xcludes prem ium pay fo r o v ertim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, $ 1.90 1 " 2.52 — rs— — Z75T" *1.70 $ 1.80 . 2.67 2.67 n n $ 1.60 . . “ 1 . and late shifts. 1 1 1 S 2.70 $ 2.80 $ 2.90 2.80 2.90 3.00 ~ 3.00 3.10 S 3.10 $ 3.20 $ 3.30 3.20 3.30 3.40 - - 5 5 - - - " " " " 1 1 - 10 10 4 6 3 2 2 _ 1 1 3 S $ 3.40 *3.50 and 3.50 over - - - - - 1 - - - i - - - - " - - - - 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 - 3 1 “ “ Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Burlington, V t . , M arch 1963) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ Average $ $1. 10 1.20 1.30 $1 .40 *1. 50 *1.6Q $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2. 00 *2. 10 *2. 20 ®2. 30 $2. 40 h . 50 h . 60 *2. 70 *2. 80 *2. 90 *3. 00 hourly c. 1.00 earnings and under 1. 10 1.20 1. 30 1.40 1. 50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 O ccupation12 and in d u stry divisio n Number of worker* Ja n ito rs , p o rte rs , and c le a n e rs --------------------M anufacturing __ __ ___ — N onm anufacturing __________________________ 63 41 22 $ 1 .6 9 l. 63 1.43 i i 4 2 2 3 1 2 8 1 7 2 2 10 7 3 2 2 4 3 1 3 1 2 5 5 L a b o re rs, m a te ria l handling __________________ M anufacturing ____ — __ _ N onm anufacturing ___ 55 36 19 1.81 T 752 1.80 _ - “ 4 4 1 1 “ 2 1 1 5 1 4 8 6 2 12 11 1 _ “ 1 i ' P a c k e rs , shipping ____________ 25 2. 04 . . . 1 . 4 1 1 i R eceiving c le rk s M anufacturing _____ __ ____ ___ N onm anufacturing __________________________ 19 10 9 2. 04 2.41 1.62 “ 2 2 -■ “ - 4 4 “ ~ Shipping c le rk s ___________ ____________ _____ M anufacturing ___ __ — ___ 17 15 2. 17 2. 21 T ru c k d riv e rs 3 M anufacturing ___ ____ __ ____ — ___ N onm anufacturing ____________________ 29 11 18 2. 33 2. 11 2.46 8 2. 21 6 6 2. __ ___ __ T ru c k d riv e rs, m edium ( \ l h to and including 4 tons) ________ __________ T ru c k e rs, pow er (forklift) ____ M anufacturing ---------- — __ 2.07 07 “ “ “ - 2 1 1 1 1 “ 11 11 “ _ " 1 1 ~ _ _ 15 . _ 1 1 3 1 2 4 3 1 “ 1 1 “ _ _ " 1 1 “ 6 6 . - - . . . . 1 “ 1 1 " 1 1 “ _ - - ~ . _ 2 2 - - - - 1 ~ . “ . “ 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 . " 1 1 . . . “ 1 1 . " 1 1 1 1 _ - 1 1 " _ - 1 1 " _ ~ 4 4 “ _ 2 3 - — 3— ----- 2 " _ - “ _ “ 15 15 . - . - - - - 1 1 - - 1 - - ~ - - - - 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 . “ 4 “ 1 1 . - - - _ - . 1 - “ . “ - - “ 1 1 “ . 1 Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs. 2 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late shifts. 3 Includes all d riv e rs re g a rd le s s o f size and type of truck operated. 21 2l “ . _ B: 8 Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions T able B-l. M inim um Entrance Salaries for W o m e n O ffice W o rk e rs (D is trib u tio n of e sta b lish m e n ts studied in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y m in im u m en tran ce s a la r y f o r s e le c t e d c a t e g o r ie s of in e x p e r ie n c e d w om en o f fic e w o r k e r s , B u rlin gton , V t., M arch 1963) In e x p e rie n ce d ty p ists M anufacturing M in im um w e e k ly s tr a ig h t-tim e s a l a r y 1 A ll in d u s trie s B a sed on standard w e e k ly h ou rs 3 of— A ll sch ed u les E sta b lish m en ts studied _ — — _ — — — — — O th er in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 N onm anuf actu r ing 40 M anufacturin g A ll in d u s trie s A ll sch e d u le s N onm anufacturing B a sed on standard w e e k ly h o u r s 3 of— A ll sch ed u les 40 A ll sch ed u les 40 XXX 36 18 XXX 18 36 18 XXX 18 — — — — 10 6 6 4 13 7 6 6 3 u nd er $ 4 7 .5 0 _ _____ __ __ __ _ — — — under $50 .0 0 ____ ___ — — — ______ — — under $52 .5 0 ___ _ — _ — — _— under $ 5 5 .0 0 _ __ . . _ -- - -- — — under $ 5 7 .5 0 _____ __ ____ ___ __ ____ __ — __ o v e r ------------------------------------------------------------------ _ 6 1 3 1 2 3 1 - 1 8 1 1 2 4 1 2 3 2 1 4 1 - 3 - 2 3 1 2 E sta b lish m en ts having no s p e c ifie d m in im u m _____________ 9 4 XXX 5 19 9 XXX 10 XXX E sta b lish m en ts w hich did not e m p lo y w o r k e r s in this c a t e g o r y ____ ___ __ __ ___ ______ ___ ___ ___ ___ ____ 17 8 XXX 9 4 2 XXX 2 XXX E sta b lish m en ts having a s p e c ifie d m in im u m $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $52 .5 0 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 5 7 .5 0 and and and and and and 1 1 T h ese s a la r ie s re la te to fo r m a lly e s ta b lis h e d m in im um startin g (h irin g) re g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s that a r e paid fo r standard w ork w eek s. 2 E x clu d es w o r k e r s in s u b c le r ic a l jo b s such as m e s s e n g e r o r o ffic e g ir l. 3 Data a re p r e s e n te d fo r a ll standard w o rk w e e k s co m b in e d , and fo r the m o s t co m m o n standard w ork w e e k r e p o r te d . 1 - 9 Table B-2. Shift Differentials (Shift d iffe r e n tia ls o f m an u factu rin g plant w o r k e r s by type and am ount o f d iffe r e n tia l, B u rlin gton , V t . , M a r c h 1963) P e r c e n t o f m an u factu rin g plant w o r k e r s — In e sta b lish m e n ts having fo r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 fo r — Shift d iffe r e n tia l Secon d shift w ork T o ta l _____________ — _____ __ 85. 8 78. 0 W ith sh ift pay d iffe r e n tia l ______________________ 74. 6 76. 6 U n ifo rm cen ts (p e r hour) ___________________ 23. 6 5 ce n ts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ _ 7 ce n ts _________ . . ______________________ 10 ce n ts _________________ ________________ 20 cen ts ____________________ __ _________ 30 ce n ts ______ ________ ___ __ _____ __ 8. 3 .5 4. 3 10. 4 5 1 .0 U n ifo rm p e rce n ta g e _______ _ „ _ T h ird o r oth er sh ift w o rk ______ V 2 p e r c e n t _________ . . _____ _____ 10 p e r c e n t _______________ _______________ 15 p e r c e n t ____ „ „ . . . . . 3. 3 47. 7 W ith no sh ift pay d iffe r e n tia l __________________ 11. 2 7 A ctu a lly wo rking on— S econd shift T h ird o r oth er shift 4 .4 1 2 .9 8. 4 4 .1 25. 6 3. 2 2 .4 2. 4 .5 12. 2 10. 4 2. 6 . 2 - - 1 .9 5 1 .0 5. 2 1 .7 . 2 5. 0 1 .7 4. 4 . - 47. 7 3. 3 1 .4 . 5 - . 5 - - - 3 1 In clu d es e sta b lish m e n ts c u r r e n tly op e ra tin g late sh ifts , and e sta b lish m e n ts w ith fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g e ven though they w e re not c u r r e n tly op e ra tin g late s h ifts. late shifts Table B-3. Scheduled Weekly Hours (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y s ch ed u led w eek ly hou rs o f f ir s t -s h if t w o r k e r s , B u rlin gton , Vt. , M a rch 1963) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS W eekly hou rs All industries 1 A ll w o rk e rs Public utilities 23 All industries 2 _____ 100 100 100 100 35 h ours _____________ _____ __ _____ ______ 36 hou rs __________ ______ _____ — — — __ .. .. .. .. — — 3 7 V 2 h ou rs _____________ 40 h ou rs ___________________________ ________ __ O ver 40 and under 42*/2 h ours _________________ 421/2 h ou rs _____________________ — . . _____ — O ver 42V 2 and under 44 h ou rs _________________ 44 h ou rs _________________ _____________ ___ — 45 h ou rs ______ ___________ _____ . . _____ __ 48 h ou rs ________________________________ ______ 1 3 - . 5 - 1 2 3 4 ______________________________ Manufacturing 16 16 63 (4 ) 2 1 1 - 1 95 - 1 - - 65 35 - - - - ' " Manufacturing - 84 1 3 1 (4) 1 5 In clu des data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l estate; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a r a te ly . T ra n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u t ilit ie s . In clu des data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e , r e t a il tra d e , r e a l esta te , and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s show n se p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. 100 Public utilities2 100 6 - - - - 92 74 - - - 1 16 10 10 Table B-4. Paid Holidays ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y n u m b e r o f p a id h o l id a y s p r o v i d e d a n n u a lly , B u r lin g t o n , V t . , M a r c h 1 96 3) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS Item All industries 1 W o r k e r s in es ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g paid h olid ays W o r k e r s in es ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no paid h olid a ys ------------------------------------------------ Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 97 96 100 “ “ - 3 4 “ N um ber o f days 3 1 . 6 7 9 4 12 7 (*) (*) - 5 54 4 - 6 h o l i d a y s ________________________________________ h olid a y s . _ ____ _ 6 h olid a y s plus 1 h alf d a y ______________________ 7 h olid a y s _ _ 8 h olid a y s . _ _ _ .... - 8 h olid a y s plus 1 h alf day . . . . . 9 h o l i d a y s _____________ ___ _______ _______ ___ ____ 1 1 h o lid a y s ______________________________________ 1 2 h olid a y s ----------------------------------------------------------- 36 8 70 7 1 1 7 14 - 21 5 12 65 21 _ 20 12 21 . 20 11 42 48 49 57 93 93 99 100 10 5 3 16 66 5 12 - 8 - 10 44 23 T ota l h o lid a y t i m e 5 days _ _____ _____ _____ ____________ __ o r m o r e days _ ------- ---------- ------------------- — ___ 9 o r m o r e d a y s __ — _— _ 8 * / 2 o r m o r e days __ . . 8 o r m o r e days _ __ _ __ __ 7 o r m o r e d a y s __________________________________ - _ __ — __ _ 6 V 2 o r m o r e days __ 6 o r m o r e d a y s __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ____ _____ 3 o r m o r e d a y s __ — - __ _________ - ____ 1 2 3 4 5 no h alf - 14 15 21 91 91 100 100 84 84 84 96 96 96 100 100 3 8 - 18 18 12 22 17 83 90 96 96 76 81 92 97 12 23 67 77 77 77 77 77 84 100 Inclu des data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in su ra n ce , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s shown s ep a ra tely . T r a n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th er p u b lic u tilitie s . Inclu des data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il tr a d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s shown s e p a ra tely . L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t. A ll c om b in a tio n s o f fu ll and h alf days that add to the sa m e am ount a re co m b in e d ; f o r e x a m p le , the p r o p o r tio n of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g a total o f 7 days in clu d es th ose w ith 7 fu ll days and d a y s, 6 fu ll days and 2 h a lf d a y s, 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d ays, and s o on. P r o p o r t io n s w e re then cum ulated. 11 Table B-5. Paid Vacations ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r ie s and in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , B u r lin g t o n , V t ., M a r c h 1 96 3) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y All industries * A ll w o r k e r s __ __ __ __ _____ __ _____ __ __ Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries^ Manufacturing Public utilities 2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 95 5 - 100 94 6 - 100 100 - " " " " • (5) 29 6 15 25 - 11 16 _ - (5) 65 9 13 2 5 - 44 11 89 15 85 5 95 75 25 84 16 26 74 9 (5) 91 12 1 87 5 95 30 40 30 27 54 19 26 74 7 (5) 92 11 1 88 5 21 37 42 20 49 30 26 95 7 (5) 92 11 1 88 95 21 37 42 20 49 30 (5) ( 5) 98 1 1 97 2 6 1 90 3 6 2 88 4 M ethod o f paym ent W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p ro v id in g paid v a ca tion s _ __ __ __ — ____ __ ____ __ L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t ____________________ P e r c e n ta g e paym ent _______ ___ ___ _______ F la t -s u m p a y m e n t _ _ ____ ___ ___ ____ O ther W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p ro v id in g no paid v a c a t i o n s ____ ___ ___ ___ ___ ______ __ A m ount o f v a ca tio n p a y 4 A fte r 6 m onths o f s e r v ic e Under 1 w eek ____ ___ ___ __ _____ _____ ___ ____ 1 w eek ___________________________________________ ____ ______ O v er 1 and under 2 w e e k s _ 2 w eek s _ _ __ ___ ___ ___ __ ____ __ ____ ___ — ____ _ _ - - A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ____ __ ____ ___ __ _____ __ ________ _ 2 w eek s ____ __ __ ________ __ __ __ _____ __ A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _____ ________ ________ ______ _____ ____ ____ ____ O v er 1 and under 2 w e e k s ____ ___ 2 w eek s ____ ___ ___ __ __ ___ ___ — ______ __ __ A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _ _ ____ ___ __________ ___ ___ ___ ____ O v er 1 and under 2 w e e k s _ ________ ___ ___ ____ 2 w eek s _ __ ____ ___ __________ ________ _______ - - 74 A ft e r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _______ _____ __ _____ ________________ O v er 1 and under 2 w eek s _ __ __ __ __ __ __ 2 w eek s ____ ___ __ ____ ___ __ ____ ___ __ _ __ 5 - 26 _ 74 A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s _ __ _____ ___ ___ ____ 2 w eek s ____ ______ ___ ___ ___ ______ _____ _____ See fo o tn o te s at end of table. _ _ - 100 _ 100 12 Table B-5. Paid Vacations— Continued ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r ie s a n d in i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , B u r lin g t o n , V t. , M a r c h 1963) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y All Public utilities1 2 industries 1 Manufacturing ( 5) 61 ( 5) 38 _ 84 1 16 _ 74 ( 5) 33 29 38 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities2 A m ount o f v a c a tio n p a y 4— Continued A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek __ __ ______ — ----- ------- --------2 w eeks __________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ---------------------------- — 3 w eeks ----------------------------------------------------------------- 26 6 72 1 20 6 77 2 15 _ 24 59 16 _ 74 26 6 30 38 26 6 19 52 23 . 61 ( 5) 13 87 _ 14 86 _ 9 91 6 17 77 6 9 85 . 18 83 (5) 13 74 13 14 73 13 9 84 6 6 17 67 10 6 9 74 11 18 67 16 ( 5) 13 52 35 14 72 14 6 17 53 24 6 9 67 18 61 - 39 A fte r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ______________________ __________________ 2 w eeks _______________________________________ — O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ___________ — — 3 w eeks ___________________________________________ - 39 A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ________ _____ ______ _______ _____ — 2 w eeks ___________ — _________________ 3 w eeks ____ — — — — — — A fte r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 2 3 4 w eek w eek s w eeks w eeks ___________________________________________ __ ----- --------- ------------------ — -- --------___________________________________________ ------------------- --------------------------— . A fte r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 2 3 4 w eek w eek s w eeks w eek s __ __ ------— ------------------ ------------_____ — ------__________________________________________ __________________________________________ _ _ 9 - 91 _ 18 - 83 1 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l estate; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a r a te ly . z T r a n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r pub lic u t ilit ie s . 3 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e , r e t a il tr a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a r a te ly . 4 In clu d es paym ents o th er than "len gth o f t i m e , " such as p e rce n ta g e o f annual e a rn in gs o r fla t -s u m paym en ts, c o n v e r t e d to an equ ivalent tim e b a s is ; fo r e x a m p le, a paym ent o f 2 p e rce n t o f annual ea rn in gs w as c o n s id e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay. P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e re a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the individ ual p r o v is io n s f o r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r exam p le, the ch an ges in p ro p o r tio n s in d ica te d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e in clu d e ch an ges in p r o v is io n s o c c u r r in g betw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . E s tim a te s a r e cu m u la tiv e. Th us, the p r o p o r t io n r e c e iv in g 3 w eek s ' pay o r m o r e a fte r 5 y e a r s in clu d e s th ose who r e c e iv e 3 w e e k s ' pay o r m o r e a fte r fe w e r y e a r s o f s e r v ic e . 5 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. 13 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t o f o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s trie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s em p lo y e d in e sta b lish m en ts p rov id in g health, in s u ra n ce , o r p e n sio n b e n e fits , 1 B u rlin gton , Vt. , M a rch 1963) OFFICE WORKERS Type o f be n e fit PLANT WORKERS Manufacturing Public utilities3 All industries 4 Manufacturing Public utilities3 100 100 100 100 100 100 L ife in su ra n ce ----- ------- — — ------------ — A c c id e n ta l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t in s u ra n ce ---- — — — — — ------- — — S ick n es s and a ccid e n t in s u ra n ce o r s ic k lea v e o r b o th 5 _____ — ____________ 99 .99 100 96 100 100 73 71 88 67 70 84 91 97 100 94 98 100 S ick n ess and a c c id e n t in s u ra n ce ----------S ick le a v e (fu ll pay and no w aiting p e r io d ) ------ — ------------ — — S ick lea v e (p a r tia l pay o r w aiting p e r io d ) ----------- — ------------ — 67 84 35 76 87 56 73 76 100 23 14 56 1 - - 6 - 44 H osp ita liz a tion in s u ra n ce ------ ------- — — S u rg ica l in s u ra n ce ------------ — ------------ — M ed ica l in su ra n ce ----------------------------------------C a ta strop h e in su ra n ce ______________________ R e tirem en t p en s io n _______ — — — — — No health, in s u ra n ce , o r p e n s io n plan ------ 83 77 65 99 87 78 85 35 35 99 56 56 33 90 93 A ll w o r k e r s _____________________________________ All industries2 W ork ers in esta b lish m e n ts p r o v id in g : 88 86 1 88 (6) 10 68 87 79 88 95 91 69 72 78 72 78 2 1 Inclu des th ose plans fo r w h ich at le a s t a p a rt o f the c o s t is b o r n e by the e m p lo y e r , ex ce p tin g only le g a l re q u ir e m e n ts su ch as w o rk m e n 's com p en sa tion , s o c ia l s e c u r ity , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. 2 Inclu des data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e ta il tr a d e ; fin a n ce , in su ra n ce , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose industry d iv is io n s show n s ep a ra tely . 3 T ra n sp orta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th er p u b lic u tilitie s . 4 Inclu des data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e , r e t a il trade, r e a l esta te, and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a ra te ly . 5 U nduplicated total o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ic k le a v e o r s ick n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce show n s e p a ra te ly be lo w . S ick le a v e plans a re lim ite d to th ose w hich d efin itely esta b lish at least the m in im u m num ber o f d a y s ' pay that can be e x p e cte d by ea ch e m p lo y e e . In fo rm a l s ick le a v e a llo w a n ce s d e te rm in e d on an individ ual b a s is a r e exclu d ed . 6 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. C l a s s A —Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. B i lle r , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h in e )—Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. C l a s s B —Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. B i ll e r , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p i n g m a c h in e )—U s e s a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING C l a s s A—Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 15 16 CLERK , A C C O U N T IN G -C ontinued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac counting clerks. C l a s s B —Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE C l a s s A —In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. C l a s s B —Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve a n y c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e .g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. C lass C —Performs Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 17 SECRETARY— Continued KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C l a s s A —Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. C l a s s B —Under close supervision or following specific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch verify cards. tabulating cards. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) May Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. 18 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR-Continued C l a s s C —Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR C l a s s A —Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports, D o e s not in c lu d e working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations a n d day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. C l a s s B —Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive a-ccounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records., filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. C l a s s A —Performs o n e or m ore o f the f o l l o w in g : Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources err responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. C l a s s B —Performs o n e or m ore o f the f o l l o w in g : Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance pol icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 19 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec trical, mechanical, or structural drafting. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o llo w in g : Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a c o m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g : Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a c o m b in a tion o f the f o llo w in g : Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in goodrepair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the f o llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 20 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May a ls o supervise these operations. H e a d or c h i e f e n g in e e r s in e s t a b l i s h MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves m o st o f th e f o llo w in g : Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. m e n ts e m p lo y in g m ore than o n e e n g in e e r are e x c lu d e d . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water and safety valve. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the f o l l o w in g : Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working 21 MACHINIST, M A INTEN ANC E-Continued MILLWRIGHT properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves m o st o f the f o llo w in g : Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves m o st o f the f o llo w in g : Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the f o l l o w in g : Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a re placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose p rim a ry d u t ie s involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of. mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an e s tablishment. Work i n v o l v e s the f o llo w in g : Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves m o st o f th e f o llo w in g : Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 22 P IP E F IT T E R , M A IN T EN A N C E-C ontinued SHEET-M ETAL WORKER, M A IN T EN A N C E-C ontinued and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. W orkers p r im a r ily e n g a g e d in in s t a l l in g a n d types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. r e p a ir in g b u ild in g s a n it a t io n or h e a tin g s y s t e m s a re e x c lu d e d . TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the f o l l o w in g : Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves m o st o f the f o l l o w in g : Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. I n c l u d e s g a t e - men w h o are s t a t i o n e d a t g a t e a n d c h e c k on id e n t it y o f e m p lo y e e s a n d o th er p e r s o n s e n te r in g . 23 PACKER, SHIPPING JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a co m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and m ay in v o lv e on e or more o f the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P a c k e r s w h o a ls o m ake w o o d e n b o x e s or c r a t e s a re e x c lu d e d . LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve o n e 'o r more o f the f o l l o w in g : Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. L o n g s h o r e m e n , w ho lo a d a n d u n lo a d s h ip s are e x c lu d e d . sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. p in g w ork i n v o l v e s : routes, S h ip A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. w ork in v o lv e s : May R e c e iv in g Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan ORDER FILLER dise (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers’ orders, or other instructions. and indicating items filled or omitted, May, in addition to filling orders keep records of outgoing orders requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform Other related duties. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows; R e c e i v i n g c le r k S h ip p in g c le r k S h ip p in g a n d r e c e iv in g c le r k 24 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D r iv e r -s a le s m e n a n d o v e r -t h e -r o a d d r iv e r s Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. are e x c lu d e d . For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: T r u c k e r , p o w e r (f o r k lif t ) T r u c k e r , p o w e r (o th e r than fo r k lif t ) T r u c k d r iv e r ( co m b in a tio n o f s i z e s l i s t e d s e p a r a t e l y ) T r u c k d r iv e r , lig h t (u n d e r iy 2 to n s) T r u c k d r iv e r , m ediu m ( 1% to a n d in c lu d in g 4 to n s ) T r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y ( o v e r 4 to n s, tr a ile r ty p e ) T r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y ( o v e r 4 to n s, oth er than tr a ile r t y p e ) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Occupational W age Su rveys A l i s t o f the la t e s t a v a ila b le b u ll e t in s is p r e s e n t e d b e l o w . A d i r e c t o r y in d ica t in g d a t e s o f e a r l i e r s t u d i e s , and the p r i c e s o f the b u lle tin s is a v a ila b le u po n r e q u e s t . B u lle tin s m a y be p u r c h a s e d f r o m the S u p e rin te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U. S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n 25, D. C. , o r f r o m any o f the BLS r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s show n on the in s i d e f r o n t c o v e r . A rea B u lle tin num ber P rice A k r o n , O h io ________________________________ A lb a n y —S ch e n e cta d y —T r o y , N. Y. _______ A lb u q u e r q u e , N. M e x . ____________________ A lle n to w n —B e th le h e m —E a s to n , P a .—N . J. A tla n ta , G a. _________________________________ B a lt im o r e , M d . ____________________________ B e a u m o n t—P o r t A r t h u r , T e x . ____________ B ir m in g h a m , A la . _________________________ B o i s e , Idaho ________________________________ B o s to n , M a s s . _____________________________ 1 303-81 1 3 0 3 -5 6 13 0 3-6 7 1 3 4 5-4 5 1 3 0 3-6 5 1 3 4 5 -2 3 1 3 0 3 -7 8 1 3 0 3-5 9 130 3-7 7 1 3 4 5 -1 5 25 25 25 20 30 25 25 30 25 25 ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts cents ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts B u ffa lo , N. Y ............................................................. B u r lin g to n , V t. ____________________________ C a n to n , O h io _______________________________ C h a r le s to n , W . V a . _______________________ C h a r lo tt e , N. C . ____________________________ C h a tta n o o g a , T en n . —G a. __________________ C h ic a g o , 111. ________________________________ C in c in n a ti, O hio—K y. ______________________ C le v e la n d , O hio ____________________________ C o lu m b u s , O h io ____________________________ 1 3 4 5 -3 0 1 3 4 5-5 0 1 3 0 3 -6 2 1 303-61 1 3 0 3-6 0 1 3 4 5 -8 1 3 0 3 -6 4 1 3 0 3 -5 5 1 3 4 5 -1 4 1 3 4 5 -2 8 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 25 25 25 ce n ts cents ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts D a lla s , T e x . ________________________________ D a v e n p o rt—R o c k Is land—M o lin e , Iow a—111. D a y to n , O h io ________________________________ D e n v e r , C o lo . ______________________________ D es M o in e s , Iow a __________________________ D e t r o it , M ich . _____________________________ F o r t W o r th , T e x . __________________________ G r e e n B a y , W is . _________________ __________ G r e e n v ille , S. C . __________________________ H o u sto n , T e x . ______________________________ 1345-21 1 3 4 5 -1 8 1 3 4 5 -3 5 1 3 4 5 -3 2 1 3 4 5 -4 2 1 3 4 5-4 7 13 4 5-2 7 1 3 4 5 -3 1 3 0 3-7 0 1 3 0 3-7 9 25 25 20 25 20 25 25 25 25 25 ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts c e n ts c e n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts I n d i a n a p o l i s , Ind. _______________________ J a c k s o n , M i s s . ___________________________ J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . ______________________ K a n s a s C i t y , M o . —K a ns . _______________ L a w r e n c e —H a v e r h i l l , M a s s . —N. H. __ _ L it tle R o c k —N o r t h L it tle R o c k , A r k . L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h , C a lif . ______ L o u i s v i l l e , K y . —Ind. ____________________ L u b b o c k , T e x . ____________________________ M a n c h e s t e r , N. H. __________ ____________ M e m p h i s , T e n n. _________________________ 1 3 4 5 -2 6 1345-43 13 4 5-3 9 1 3 4 5-2 2 1 3 0 3-7 6 1345-7 1 3 0 3 -5 3 1 3 4 5-4 8 1 3 0 3-7 4 1 3 45-2 1 3 4 5-3 6 25 20 25 25 25 25 30 25 25 25 25 ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts c e n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts A rea B u lle tin num ber P rice M i a m i , F la . M ilw aukee, W is. M i n n e a p o l i s —St. P a u l , Min n. __________________ M u s k e g o n —M u s k e g o n H e ig h t s , M ic h . _________ N e w a r k and J e r s e y C it y , N. J. _________________ New H av e n , Con n. ________________________________ New O r l e a n s , L a . ________________________________ New Y o r k . N. Y. _________________________________ N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s — H a m p t o n , V a . ____________________________________ O k la h o m a C it y . Okla. 1 3 4 5 -3 3 13 0 3-5 7 1 3 4 5 -3 8 1 3 0 3 -6 8 1 3 4 5 -4 6 134 5-3 7 1345-44 1 3 0 3-5 8 20 25 25 25 25 20 25 30 1 3 0 3-7 5 1 3 4 5 -6 20 ce n ts 25 ce n ts Omaha. N e b r .-I o w a P a t e r so n —C lif t o n —P a s s a i c . N. ,T. P h i l a d e l p h i a . P a . - N . .T. Phoenix. A riz. P ittsbu rgh . Pa. P o r t l a n d . M a in e Portland. O r e g .-W a s h . P r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t . R. I. —M a s s . R a l e i g h . N. C. R ich m on d. Va. 1 3 4 5 -1 2 1 303-71 1 345-31 1 3 0 3 -5 4 1 3 4 5-4 0 1 3 4 5 -2 4 1 3 0 3-7 2 1 3 0 3 -6 6 1345-1 1 3 4 5-1 9 20 25 30 25 25 20 25 25 20 20 ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts R o c k f o r d . 111. St. L o u i s , M o . —111. ______________________________ Salt L a ke C it y . Utah San A n t o n io , T e x . ________________________________ San B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s i d e —O n t a r i o , C a lif . ___ San D i e g o . C a lif . San F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d , C a lif . Savannah, G a. ____________________________________ S cran ton . Pa. S e a t t le , W a s h . .... . _ 1 3 0 3-6 9 13 4 5-1 7 1 3 4 5 -2 5 1 3 0 3 -6 3 1 3 45-9 1 3 4 5 -1 0 1345-34 1 3 0 3 -8 0 1 3 4 5 -5 1 3 4 5 -4 30 25 25 25 20 25 25 25 15 25 ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts S io u x F a l l s . S. Dak. South B e n d . Ind. Spokane. W ash. .... ._ _ ... . T o l e d o , O hio . .. . . . . . T r e n t o n . N. J. _ W a s h in g t o n . D . C . —M d . —V a . _ .. __ ___ . W a t e r b u r y . Conn. W a t e r l o o . Iow a _ _. __ ... W i c h i t a . K a ns . ....... ............. W orcester. M ass. ....... .... _________________________ Y ork. Pa. - 1345-13 1345-52 1 3 0 3 -7 3 1 3 0 3 -4 7 1 3 4 5-2 9 1 3 4 5 -1 6 1 3 4 5-4 9 1 3 4 5 -2 0 134 5-1 1 1 3 0 3 -8 2 1 345-41 20 20 20 25 25 25 20 25 25 25 20 ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts cents c e n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts c e n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts
@FedFRASER