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Occupational Wage Survey BALTIMORE, MARYLAND NOVEMBER 1 9 6 2 B u lle tin No. 1345-23 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey BALTIMORE, MARYLAND NOVEMBER 1962 Bulletin No. 1345-23 March 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents Preface Contents Page The Labor Market Occupational Wage Survey Program Eighty-two labor markets currently are included in the Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual oc cupational wage surveys in major labor markets. These studies provide data on occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. Information on related supple mentary benefits is obtained biennially in most of the labor markets. Introduction ______________________________________________________________ Wage trends for selected occupational groups ------------------------------------Tables : 1. 2. 3. A preliminary report which presents earnings trends for selected occupational groups and average earn ings in selected jobs is released within a month after the completion of the study in each area. This bulletin pro vides additional data not included in the preliminary report. Establishments and workers within scope of survey ---------------Percents of increase in standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, for selected periods ____________________ Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups ------------------ 3 5 5 A : Occupational earnings:* A - 1. Office occupations-mien and women --------------------------A -2 . Professional and technical occupations— men and women ----------------------------------------------------------------------A -3 . Office, professional, and technical occupations— men and women combined ______________________________ A -4 . Maintenance and powerplant occupations ________________ A -5 . Custodial and material movement occupations -------------- 10 11 12 B: Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions:* B -l. Minimum entrance salaries for women office workers — B -2. Shift differentials ________________________________________ B -3 . Scheduled weekly hours --------------------------------------------------B -4 . Paid holidays --------------------------------------------------------------------B -5 . Paid vacations ____________________________________________ B -6 . Health, insurance, and pension plans ----------------------------- 14 15 16 17 18 21 Appendix: Occupational descriptions ___________________________________ 23 A two-part summary bulletin is issued after the completion of all of the area bulletins for a round of sur veys (for the current round of surveys, the first part of this bulletin will be available late in 1963 and the second part early in 1964). The first part presents individual labor market data. The second part presents data re lating to all metropolitan areas in the United States. This bulletin was prepared in the Bureau’ s re gional office in New York, N .Y., by Jesse Benjamin, under the direction of Harold A. Barletta. The study was under the general direction of Frederick W. Mueller, Assistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. 1 4 * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available for other major areas. (See inside back cover. ) Current reports on occupational earnings and supple mentary wage practices in the Baltimore area are also available for the machinery industries (May 1962). Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels, are available for the following trades or industries: Building construc tion, printing, local-transit operating employees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. in 6 9 Occupational Wage Survey—Baltimore, Md. Introduction This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U .S. De partment of Labor*s Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and i-elated wage benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bu reau field economists to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, communica tion, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the con struction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria. schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. Differences in pay levels for selected occupations in which both men and women are commonly employed are largely due to (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among industries and establishments; (2) differences in specific duties performed, although the occupations are appropriately classified within the same survey job description; and (3) differences in length of service or merit review when individual salaries are adjusted'on this basis. Longer average service of men would result in higher average pay when both sexes are employed within the same rate range. Job descrip tions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual establishments to allow for minor differences among establishments in specific duties performed. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. E s timates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number ac tually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment ob tained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indi cate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occupational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earnings data. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material move ment. Occupational classification ' s based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study are listed and described in the appendix. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described are not presented in the A -series tables because either (1) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possi bility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Information is presented (in the B -series tables) on selected establishment practices and supplementary benefits as they relate to office and plant workers. The concept "office workers, " as used in this bulletin, includes working supervisors and nonsupervisory workers performing clerical or related functions, and excludes ad ministrative, executive, and professional personnel. "Plant workers" include working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. Administrative, executive, and professional employees, and force-account construc tion employees who are utilized as a separate work force are ex cluded. Cafeteria workers and routemen are excluded in manufac turing industries, but included as plant workers in nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude pre mium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are r e ported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work Minimum entrance salaries (table B -l) relate only to the e s tablishments visited. They are presented in terms of establishments with formal minimum entrance salary policies. 1 2 Shift differential data (table B-2) are limited to manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in terms of (a) estab lishment policy, 1 presented in terms of total plant worker employ ment, and (b) effective practice, presented in terms of workers ac tually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority, the clas sification nothern was used. In establishments in which some lateshift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours. The scheduled hours (table B-3) of a majority of the firstshift workers in an establishment are tabulated as applying to all of the plant or office workers of that establishment. Paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B-4 through B-6) are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a majority of such workers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Sums of individual items in tables B-2 through B -6 may not equal totals because of rounding. Data on paid holidays (table B-4) are limited to data on holidays granted annually on a formal basis; i . e . , (l) are provided for in written form, or (2) have been established by custom. Holi days ordinarily granted are included even though they may fall on a nonworkday, even if the worker is not granted another day off. The first part of the paid holidays table presents the number of whole and half holidays actually granted. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e. The summary of vacation plans (table B-5) is limited to formal policies, excluding informal arrangements whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer. Separate e s timates are provided according to employer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earn ings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation pay, payments not on a time basis were converted to a time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was con sidered as the equivalent of 1 week's pay. Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans (table B-6) for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen's compensation, social security, and railroad retirement. Such plans include those underwritten by a commercial insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this pur pose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of in surance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or ac cident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require employer contributions,2 plans are included only if the em ployer (l) contributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans 3 which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work because of illness. Separate tabulations are pre sented according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans which provide either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by com mercial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured. Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the worker's life. 2 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island 1 An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met not require employer contributions. do either of the following conditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time 3 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. An it established at least the minimum number of days of sick leave establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (l) had that could be expected by each employee. Such a plan need not be operated late shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an indi (2) had provisions in written form for operating late shifts. vidual basis, were excluded. 3 T a b le 1. E sta b lish m e n ts and w o rk e rs w ithin s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m ber stu died in B a lt im o r e , In du stry d iv is io n A ll d iv is io n s __________________________________________________ M an u factu rin g _______________ _______________________________ N on m an u factu rin g ____________________________________________ T ra n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s 5 __________________________________ 6 W h o le s a le tr a d e _________________________________________ R e ta il tr a d e _______________________________________________ F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l esta te S e r v ic e s 7 __________________________________________________ M inim um em ploym en t in e s ta b lis h m ents in s c o p e o f study by m a jo r in d u s try d iv is io n , 2 N o v em b er 1962 N um ber o f e sta b lish m e n ts W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m en ts W ithin s c o p e o f study W ithin scop e of study 2 3 1 656 100 100 50 100 50 50 Studied Studied _ T otal 4 O ffic e Plant T o t a l4 195 2 6 2 ,7 0 0 4 2 , 700 170 ,1 0 0 174,920 286 370 75 120 1 5 9 ,1 0 0 1 0 3 ,6 0 0 1 7,900 2 4 ,8 0 0 1 12 ,900 5 7 ,2 0 0 105,910 6 9 ,0 1 0 27 101 66 78 98 13 29 25 28 25 2 1 ,9 0 0 12 ,5 0 0 3 8 ,6 0 0 1 8 ,7 0 0 11 ,9 0 0 4, 500 2, 900 4 ,4 0 0 11 ,7 0 0 (8) 1 2,100 6, 000 3 0 ,1 0 0 6 900 ( 8) 18,690 4 ,6 3 0 2 9 ,4 2 0 11,700 4 , 570 1 T he B a lt im o r e Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tistica l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B a ltim o re C ity; and Anne A ru n d e l, B a lt im o r e , C a r r o ll, and H ow ard C ou n ties. T he " w o r k e r s w ithin s co p e o f study" e s tim a te s show n in this ta b le p r o v id e a re a s o n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d e d in the s u r v e y . T h e es tim a te s a r e not intended, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r em p lo ym e n t in dexes fo r the a rea to m e a s u r e em p lo ym e n t tren d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) planning o f w age su r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u se o f esta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in ad va n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d studied, and (2) s m a ll e sta b lish m e n ts a re ex clu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 The 1957 r e v is e d e d itio n o f the Standard In du strial C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u sed in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts by in d u stry d iv is io n . 3 In clu d es a ll es ta b lis h m e n ts w ith total em ploym en t at or above the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (w ithin the a re a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in such in d u s trie s as tr a d e , fin a n ce, auto re p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ic tu r e th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 esta b lish m e n t. 4 In clu d es e x e c u t iv e , p r o f e s s io n a l, and oth er w o r k e r s exclu d ed fr o m the se p a ra te o f fic e and plant c a t e g o r ie s . 5 R a ilr o a d s , t a x ic a b s , and s e r v ic e s in cid en ta l to w ater tr a n s p o r ta tio n w e re e x clu d e d . 6 E s tim a te r e la te s to r e a l esta te e sta b lish m e n ts only. W o r k e r s fr o m the e n tire in d u stry d iv is io n a re r e p r e s e n te d in the S e r ie s A ta b le s , but fr o m the r e a l estate p o r tio n only in " a ll in d u s tr y " e s tim a te s in the S e r ie s B ta b le s . 7 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u tom obile r e p a ir sh o p s; m o tio n p ic tu r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s ; and en g in eerin g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s . 8 T h is in d u stry d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s , and f o r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B t a b le s . Separate p r e s e n ta tion o f data f o r this d iv is io n is not m ade fo r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p loym en t in the d iv is io n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it se p a ra te study, (2) the sa m p le w as not d e s ig n e d in itia lly to p e r m it se p a ra te p re s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequ ate to p e r m it se p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th ere is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f individual e s ta b lis h m e n t data. 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table 2 are percentages of change in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in av erage earnings of' selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the per centages of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in average straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and in clude most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on men and women in the following 19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerks, accounting, class A and B; clerks, file, class A, B, and C; clerks, order; clerks, pay roll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B; office boys and girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenogra phers, senior; switchboard operator s ; ' tabulating-machine operators, class B; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on men and women industrial nurses. Men in the following 8 skilled maintenance jobs and 2 unskilled jobs are included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; m e chanics; mechanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers, material handling. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average sal aries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by employment in each of the jobs during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earn ings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio (expressed as a per centage) of the group aggregate for the one year to the aggregate for the other year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is the percentage of change from the one period to the other. The percentages of change measure, principally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force resulting from labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and lower the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. Similarly, the movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other establishments in the area. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the ef fect of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job included in the data. The percentages of change are not influ enced by changes in standard work schedules or in premium pay for overtime, since they are based on pay for straight-time hours. The above text represents the method used in computing a new trend series (table 2). This series, initiated with the expansion of the labor market wage survey program to 80 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas, will replace the old series (1953 base) shown in table 3. Changes in the jobs surveyed and job descriptions since the start of the old series called for a reexamination of the jobs and job groupings for which trends were to be computed. The new series covers the same job groupings as the earlier series with the following exceptions: The clerical and industrial nurse groups, formerly restricted to women, now include both men and women. Changes were also made in the jobs included within job groupings in order that an identical list could be employed in all areas. 5 Table 2. P ercen ts of in cre a se in standard w eekly sala rie s and straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r selected occupational groups in B a ltim ore, Md. , fo r selected p eriods N ovem ber 1961 to N ovem ber 1962 Industry and occupational group A ll industries: O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and women) __________ Industrial nurses (m en and women) _______ Skilled maintenance (men) ________________ U nskilled plant (men) ______________________ Manufacturing: O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and women) ________ Industrial nurses (m en and women) _______ Skilled maintenance (men) ________________ Unskilled plant (men) ______________________ 1 D ecem ber I960 to N ovem ber 1961 2. 8 '3 . 6. 3. 4. 3. 9 1.8 •9 3. 3. 1. 2. 1 3 Septem ber 1959 to D ecem ber I960 3. 5 3. 2 3.4 4. 2 1 7 8 2 4. 5. 3. 5. 1. 6 6. 0 3. 8 3. 6 1 2 1 3 2 9 Revised estim ate. Table 3. Indexes of standard w eekly sa la rie s and straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r s elected occupational groups in B a ltim ore, Md. , N ovem ber 1962 and N ovem ber 1961 (O ctober 1952 = 100) N ovem ber 1962 N ovem ber 1961 A ll industries: O ffice c le r ic a l (women) _________________________________ Industrial nurses (women) ______________________________ Skilled maintenance (men) ______________________________ Unskilled plant (men) ___________________________________ 153. 2 1 6 1 .7 160. 6 166. 7 149. 3 155. 5 157. 6 164.6 Manufacturing: O ffice c le r ic a l (women) _________________________________ Industrial nurses (women) ___ _____________________ Skilled maintenance (men) ___ _____________________ Unskilled plant (men) _______________ __________________ 158. 163. 160. 173. 153. 157. 159. 170. Industry and occupational group 0 1 9 7 3 0 0 1 A: Occupational Earnings 6 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , B a lt im o r e , M d. , N o v e m b e r 1962) A verage Sex, occupation, and industry division of w orkers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ S s S $ $ $ S S S S * $ $ $ $ S S $ s S S S S $ W eekly 35.0.0 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 9 0 . 0 0 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 15 5.00 W eekly earnings1 and and (Standard) (Standard) under 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 9 0 . 0 0 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 13 5.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 ov er Men C lerks, accounting, cla ss A ----------------Manufacturing ------------------------ -------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------F in a n ce 2 --------------------------------- — 308 197 C lerks, accounting, cla ss B ___________ Manufacturing --------- __ -----------------Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 153 67 111 55 39. 39. 38. 37. 0 $117.00 5 5 0 121.00 _ - . - - 13 5 1 1 1 8 5 3 3 34 26 6 6 20 3 14 14 13 3 3 11 11 6 6 6 6 15 . - _ - 5 5 1 1 6 10 16 4 22 8 10 4 2 6 14 7 3 31 5 38 34 4 15 5 16 10 9 9 - - _ _ 4 14 2 10 - O ffice boys ______________________________ Manufacturing _______________________ 220 _ - 2 76 144 89 38. 39. 38. 37. Tabulating-m achine op era to rs, cla ss A ________________________________ Manufacturing ----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 128 71 57 38. 5 39. 0 37. 5 114.50 104.00 Tabulating-m achine op era to rs, cla ss B _____________________ ________ Manufacturing ________________ _____ Nonmanufacturing ________ _______ 304 115 189 39. 39. 38. 38. 0 91.00 - - - 1 5 5 0 100.50 85. 00 78. 50 - - - - 81 - 13 4 4 3 _ - . - - 44 5 39 38 29 2 2 - _ 19 17 85 40 45 7 - - - - - - _ 2 3 10 1 7 4 11 _ - 1 1 18 23 8 3 6 12 2 21 20 2 2 4 - - - 2 2 3 3 1 5 5 5 2 3 3 - - 10 1 21 2 3 3 7 7 9 9 19 17 . 7 17 4 1 2 3 7 9 4 14 14 - 2 2 4 17 1 2 - " - 3 15 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 4 4 1 4 3 3 . - 7 7 1 1 3 3 4 4 7 7 3 3 50 50 2 2 17 16 2 1 1 5 3 1 1 2 2 14 14 - - - 1 17 3 14 - 5 11 2 " - - 9 3 9 - - 6 4 4 - - - - - - - - 6 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ 11 6 _ - F in a n rp ^ " 9 5 4 8 7 6 6 121.50 00 1 15 3 8 _ 50 00 00 14 13 2 21 1 _ 79. 88. 73. 64. 17 15 21 11 10 6 121.00 0 22 10 12 10 28 14 14 22 1 40. 0 40. 0 0 0 5 12 11 1 7 15 21 10 11 8 3 129 125 39. 40. 38. 37. 11 6 - C lerks, p ayroll ____________ _________ Manufacturing _______________________ 112 17 4 2 _ 110.00 16 12 10 9 3 104.00 106.00 107.50 50 50 00 50 5 3 3 3 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 57. 60. 56. 54. 8 _ - 114 96 79 176 64 3 3 _ - C lerks, ord er ------------------- -----------------Nonmanufacturing ___________________ W holesale trade __________________ Tabulating-m achine op era tors, cla ss C ___________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ . - 1 _ - 101.00 100 99. 50 97. 50 _ - 86 Vinanrp^ _ - 110.50 9 8 . 00 39. 5 3 9.5 39. 5 5 5 0 5 . - 9 - 11 2 12 5 5 16 14 54 45 9 - 6 ! 9 3 1 6 - " - _ - _ - _ - 9 9 3 “ 14 13 3 3 11 _ “ _ ' _ - 9 7 1 6 _ - 4 35 2 6 15 q 7 29 27 21 30 4 17 17 2 28 28 18 4 14 41 3 38 26 32 15 17 9 20 15 8 4 2 1 4 12 16 15 7 4 17 14 - 1 - 3 3 1 1 - 3 5 7 15 15 9 1 3 9 3 18 2 28 26 - - 1 1 - W omen _ . 3 3 3 3 36 18 9 9 19 - 4 4 8 “ 5 3 2 12 12 12 64. 50 - 2 12 11 5 8 2 25 21 - - 1 - - - - - 78. 50 83. 50 - - - 1 9 7 3 11 15 9 23 13 33 13 - - - 10 5 5 2 28 8 8 B ille rs , m achine (billing m achine) _____ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 103 62 39. 0 3 9 .5 70. 50 70. 50 B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping machine) __________________________________ 87 39. 0 127 78 39. 0 39. 0 Bookkeeping-m achine op e ra to rs, cla ss A ___________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g See fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le . 2 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and W om en-----Continued (A verage straight-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, B altim ore, M d., N ovem ber 1962) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF - A verage Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number of workers Weekly, hours 1 (Standard) Weekly . *3 5 .0 0 * 4 0 .0 0 * 4 5 .0 0 * 5 0 .0 0 earnings 1 and (Standard) irnder 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 55l 0 0 s $ s $ *5 5 .0 0 * 6 0 .0 0 * 6 5 .0 0 * 7 0 .0 0 * 7 5 .0 0 * 8 a o o * 8 5 .0 0 *90100 * 9 5 ,0 0 1*00.00 1 0 5 .0 0 1*10.00 1 1 5 .0 0 * 2 0 .0 0 1*25.00 1*30.00 * 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 * and 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 71 66 12 13 41 58 55 51 44 3 36 31 3 20 16 9 1 18 8 6 3 - 24 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 S 0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 l OO 13 0 .0 0 13 5.00 1 4 0 l 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 0 0 15 5.00 0 Women— Continued B ook keeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs , c la s s B ___ F in a n ce 2 _ - 5 5 .0 0 - __ 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 3 8 .0 8 8 .5 0 1 0 4 .0 0 8 1 .5 0 - 3 9 .5 3 7 .5 7 6 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 3 8 .0 6 9 .0 0 7 8 .5 0 6 8 .0 0 8 8 .5 0 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 73 324 _ C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A _ M anufacturing N onm anufacturing Retail trade _ 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 475 148 327 75 109 C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing W holesale trade __________________ Retail trade ...... F in a n ce 2 _ _ ...... C lerk s, file , c la s s A Nonmanufacturing F in a n ce 2 _________ _______________ C lerk s, file , c la s s B __ _______________ M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing ___________________ W holesale trade Retail trade F in a n ce 2 _______________ _________ C lerk s, file , c la s s C Nonm anufacturing F in a n ce 2 $ 5 8 .5 0 5 7 .0 0 6 3 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 3 9 .0 529 486 64 .... .... _ .. 1, 254 162 254 3 9 .5 3 8 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 135 103 71 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 1, 0 9 2 129 209 - - 1 29 - 6 1 .0 0 _ 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 456 376 3 8 .0 3 8 .0 3 8 .0 5 2 .0 0 5 1 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 1 1 1 3 8 .0 6 4 .5 0 7 7 .5 0 6 0 .5 0 5 5 .5 0 _ 478 275 203 103 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 C om ptom eter op era tors ___ M anufacturing ______ __ __ ____ __ N onm anufacturing ___________________ Retail trade _______________________ 297 102 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 195 142 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 7 5 .5 0 7 9 .0 0 7 1 .0 0 6 8 .5 0 3 17 12 26 17 16 _ 1 1 - - - 36 13 23 61 12 52 24 26 13 29 23 r iii 15 49 4 6 5 15 1 5 8 5 1 4 53 5 47 22 7 15 25 190 16 174 87 68 12 — - 232 7 224 29 203 3 25 70 3 5 36 65 18 49 47 15 58 43 3 3 1 26 26 24 41 14 28 13 13 6 5 3 79 59 18 41 7 69 18 51 25 17 8 Z ~ 12 90 9 79 6 12 19 62 13 22 22 22 ,1 6 5 161 _ _ - 231 92 12 _ 114 114 _ - - 7 0 .0 0 - - 19 11 123 25 98 4 7 12 10 2 1 10 8 2 2 — 9 j 4 4 5 4 12 1 9 4 11 7 5 4 7 1 6 21 11 10 9 3 6 1 3 6 2 4 4 62 41 21 12 52 40 30 36 15 26 10 5 21 18 9 1 23 10 13 8 11 5 6 6 19 10 11 3 9 7 8 19 7 12 - 1 12 8 5 3 43 13 21 4 2 42 2 40 34 33 4 75 3 72 42 31 12 22 64 10 12 51 25 26 9 29 35 20 48 15 33 18 7 6 - 10 - 18 3 51 21 10 10 15 15 21 5 16 16 58 11 6 6 47 34 30 20 6 3 60 29 11 15 19 1 33 _ _ 16 6 3 « . 9 2 14 _ l 6 3 1 14 6 3 9 9 1 2 _ 6 5 1 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ — r~ _ l 3 2 38 14 5 23 8 15 14 ~ 9 F~ 3 _ 1 7 7 1 - 17 53 3 9 .5 7 2 .5 0 - - 3 7 4 2 1 2 7 22 4 7 4 .0 0 _ _ 3 6 64 38 7 7 .5 0 59 21 39 21 3 3 6 10 54 83 23 4 15 60 34 38 13 18 10 42 18 24 25 3 9 .5 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 99 37 62 17 13 4 17 16 1 3 23 16 7 3 1 1 2 2 2 - - 7 17 4 3 ~TT- - 'ip 28 13 16 19 6 2 8 4 1 — r ~ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 2 - _ 2 „ _ - 2 - 9 2 9 2 1 3 8 .5 7 2 .0 0 6 9 .0 0 ------- _ 8 8 _ _ 10 ~ r ir 5 1 489 172 317 111 2 _ . _ _ _ 1 1 19 14 1 _ 6 6 5 1 3 1 10 10 2 11 4 5 2 ~ -------- j p 6 6 12 7 5 75 35 6 - 7 7 .5 0 30 3 116 _ 8 5 .0 0 7 4 .0 0 18 3 89 19 70 3 12 91 91 74 147 43 2 - 56 17 _ 17 16 3 3 41 41 - 19 9 18 3 14 8 8 - 19 68 9 22 8 - - 19 - 55 8 47 10 . . 2 4 3 _ 29 _ 1 52 19 7 _ 4 4 1 18 12 16 3 21 4 1 53 - 32 1 31 3 3 3 _ 3 9 .5 C lerk s, p a yroll ____ ____ __ __ __ __ M anufacturing _______________________ Nonm anufacturing ___________________ Retail trade _________ __ __ __ __ - _ 1 59 161 296 _ - - . 3 9 .0 3 8 .0 3 9 .5 - - 5 6 .5 0 6 5 .5 0 5 4 .5 0 253 145 S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le . 6 0 .0 0 6 0 .5 0 18 137 - - 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 325 72 Keypunch op era tors, c la s s A M anufacturing ___ _ Nonm anufacturing _ F in a n ce 2 - - _ 69 299 52 C lerk s, o rd er M anufacturing _______________________ Nonm anufacturing Retail trade __ __ ________ _____ D uplicating-m ach ine op era to rs (M im eograph or Ditto) 99 6 10 80 2 - 163 163 8 99 6 9 .0 0 6 7 .0 0 6 3 .5 0 368 2 2 _ - 3 _ 3 3 _ _ _ - ■ - - 8 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women-----Continued (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division , B a ltim ore, Md. , N ovem ber 1962) Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF Average S s s $ $ S $ $ S S S $ $ S S S S s S s * S $ 1 W eekly W eekly 35.00 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 50.00 5 5.00 60.0 0 65.0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0.0 0 85.00 9 0 .0 0 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145,00 150.00 155,00 hours * earnings 1 and and (Standard) (Standard) Q0 4 5 .0 0 5 0.00 55.00 6 0.0 0 65.0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 80.0 0 8 5.0 0 90.00 95.0 0 100.00 105l 1 10.00 1 1 5.00 120.00 12 5-00 1 30.00 1 35.00 140.00 H 5 l 15Q.QQ 15.SQQ. o v e r Q0 W om en — Continued $ 68. 81. 62. 61. 56. 00 50 50 00 50 _ _ - - _ 6 2 2 ------5“ 64 64 17 47 66 66 11 54 46 8 38 9 25 51 13 38 18 11 40 11 29 11 9 28 15 13 20 16 26 14 6 5 5 1 _ - " 38 23 20 - 9 4 5 16 8 8 90 14 76 - - - - - - - 2 3 8 12 6 56 135 2 133 7 14 28 72 _ - _ - - - 7 7 87 2 85 142 14 128 6 117 164 43 121 19 83 36 36 36 M anufacturing -----------------------------------Nonm anufacturing ___________________ R etail trade -------------------------------------Finance 2 --------------------------------------------- 454 134 320 66 190 Nonmanufacturing ___________________ Pu blic utilities 3 ____________________ 104 72 27 - 38. 39. 38. 39. 39. 39. 38. 5 5 0 5 0 5 0 91. 99. 85. 101. 90. 78. 79. 00 00 00 50 00 50 50 _ - _ _ _ _ Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------Pu blic u tilities 3 ---------------------------W holesale trade ---------------------------R etail trade -------------------------------------Finance 2 -------------------------------------------- 2, 374 1 ,0 1 3 1, 361 128 214 176 619 - - - Stenographers, general __________________ M anufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ W holesale trade __________________ Finance 2 __________________________ 1, 162 500 662 94 • 430 39. 39. 38. 39. 37. 0 5 5 5 5 71. 78. 66. 74. 62. 50 00 50 50 00 Stenographers, senior _________________ M anufacturing --------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------Finance 2 --------------------------------------------- 363 217 146 66 39. 39. 38. 37. 0 5 0 5 86. 9 1. 77. 76. 00 00 50 50 _ Switchboard op erators _________________ M anufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------P ublic u t ilit ie s 3 ---------------------------R etail trade ----------------: ----------------Finance 2 ----------------------------------------- 400 122 278 34 92 64 40. 40. 39. 39. 40. 37. 0 0 5 5 0 5 68. 84. 62. 76. 55. 65. 50 50 00 00 00 50 Switchboard op e r a to r -r e c e p tio n ists ___ M anufacturing --------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------W holesale trade __________________ 364 192 172 68 38. 39. 38. 39. 5 0 5 5 69. 72. 67. 67. 50 00 00 50 _ _ - - - - Tabulating-m achine o p e ra to rs, cla ss B ____________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 142 122 38. 0 38. 0 81. 50 78. 50 - * - Tabulating-m achine o p e ra to rs , cla ss C -------------------- --------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 75 63 37. 5 37. 5 76. 00 71. 50 " - T ran scribin g-m ach in e o p e ra to rs , general ________________________________ M anufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ W holesale trade __________________ Finance 2 ________ : ________________ _ 264 70 194 58 123 39. 39. 39. 40. 38. 73. 75. 72. 90. 63. - - See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le . 39. 39. 38. 40. 38. o 5 5 0 0 39. 0 39. 0 39. 5 0 0 0 0 5 58. 50 58. 00 57. 50 00 50 00 50 50 " - 17 3 14 10 5 5 7 7 4 4 272 83 189 14 18 44 72 288 132 156 4 22 6 57 172 93 79 12 15 2 34 187 117 70 7 24 4 17 227 200 27 1 16 4 116 55 61 38 6 6 58 53 5 2 1 2 56 36 20 91 47 44 16 13 77 49 28 9 4 46 27 19 2 53 47 6 6 8 5 3 3 6 5 1 6 5 1 _ _ - _ 57 47 10 28 21 7 6 6 _ 1 182 31 151 7 7 31 103 191 42 149 5 35 24 72 280 80 200 9 25 26 107 138 41 97 15 59 179 97 82 13 42 158 118 40 5 21 8 4 1 3 3 " - _ _ _ - - - _ - _ _ 13 11 2 - - - 2 - 4 - - - _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ _ - . - 6 6 5 1 - 6 2 4 3 3 - 9 3 6 63 46 17 14 3 - - - - - 7 84 _ _ - 6 6 4 12 12 1 19 1 18 12 35 13 22 12 45 21 24 18 42 22 20 6 60 38 22 5 64 48 16 4 30 30 - 27 26 1 " 9 4 5 4 14 14 - _ - - “ ■ - 10 23 14 . _ _ _ _ - - - - 9 5 4 _ 14 3 - - - - - - - - - * 33 25 8 6 17 14 3 - 13 8 5 1 3 3 23 3 3 13 1 32 7 11 12 20 52 21 31 17 4 6 3 2 1 - 45 21 24 4 13 13 10 22 3 19 2 8 9 _ - 45 4 41 4 18 9 3 - 43 2 41 _ - 52 1 51 7 7 21 14 7 25 12 13 7 102 50 52 31 42 11 31 12 66 39 27 6 30 10 20 6 27 25 2 4 4 - 9 9 - 2 1 1 1 - - 10 8 2 2 - - - - ' - “ - - - ' 19 9 10 3 ~ _ " _ _ . - 2 2 2 22 26 25 21 20 37 33 - 7 6 5 5 7 2 1 1 4 - - - - 2 " - “ 3 3 2 22 - 15 15 24 24 8 8 10 9 1 - 3 5 - 2 2 34 13 21 25 12 6 16 9 3 2 5 5 7 - 8 8 9 9 3 3 2 2 - - - 1 1 2 - 4 4 1 1 10 9 - 2 - 37 34 - 2 2 19 38 16 10 9 27 35 15 22 - - - - - 3 8 20 13 9 26 34 14 9 13 7 10 29 6 1 6 6 8 " _ 9 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and W om en-----Continued (A verage straigh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, B altim ore, Md. , N ovem ber 1962) A verage Sex, occupation, and industry div isio n of NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF- t $ $ S Weekly , 3 5 . 0 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 5 . 0 0 5 0 . 0 0 earnings 1 (Standard) under Weeklyj hours (Standard) 4 0 ,0 0 4 5 .0 0 _ _ - - 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 $ s 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 s 6 5 .0 0 S 7 0 .0 0 S 7 5 .0 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 $ 8 5 .0 0 S 9 0 .0 0 s 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 10 0 .0 0 1 0 5 0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 125 118 73 45 s s 9 5 .0 0 100J00 1 0 5 .0 0 $ $ S S S $ s 1 1 0 )0 0 1 1 5 0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 0 0 $ “ 1 1 5 0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 3 5 0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 1 5 5 0 0 and over Wom en— Continued T ypists, cla s s A ------------------------------------M anufacturing -----------------------------------Nonm anufacturing ----------------------------------------T^nKl-ir* n t i l i t i pc^ F in a n ce 2 ------------------------------------------------------- T ypists, c la s s B __________________________________ M anufacturing --------- ----------------------Nonm anufacturing ------------------------------ 755 401 354 39. o 40. 0 38. 5 7 9 . 00 6 7 . 00 64 187 38. 5 38. 0 6 3 . 50 6 3 . 00 1 ,3 3 7 39. 0 3 9 .5 6 0 . 50 7 0 . 50 38. 5 40. 0 40. 0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 56. 65. 65. 55. 55. W holesale trade _______________ ___ Retail trade _______________________ 429 908 27 54 112 F in p n r p ^ 701 P i i V»1i r n f i l i t i pc^ 1 2 3 $ 7 3 . 50 00 00 00 50 00 - - 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ 6 - 34 - 6 34 1 2i - - 171 171 _ 18 153 99 18 81 31 47 331 35 296 242 9 41 246 6 31 69 173 2 129 84 32 52 6 59 66 8 72 9 41 42 140 63 77 1 46 33 13 1 71 17 68 3 8 9 4 4 - 19 10 8 8 _ _ . _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 70 63 7 73 73 - 6 6 - 2 2 - - 1 - 1 11 2 5 29 11 7 2 7 _ 2 2 9 44 26 18 39 10 12 64 36 14 8 7 28 217 82 135 13 15 5 96 50 50 22 6 1 - - - - 1 _ Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for which em ployees re ce iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa laries and the earnings co rre sp o n d to these w eekly hours. Finance, insurance, and real estate. T ran sp ortation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public utilities. N OTE: As in the past, data do not include railroad s. Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women (Average straigh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, B altim ore, Md. , N ovem ber 1962) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF - o o O *95.00 1 0 0 0 0 10500 1 1 0 0 0 *11500 *12000 *12500 *13000 *13500 *140.00 *4500 150.00 15500 160.00 17000 180.00 190.00 55.00 &5.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 and under 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 10500 110.00 115.00 1 2 0 0 0 125.00 130.00 13500 140.00 14500 150.00 155.00 160.00 170.00 180.00 19000 2 0 0 0 0 o Weekly , earnings 1 (Standard) o Weekly hours 1 (Standard) o Number of Cm* T * Average Sex, occupation, and industry d iv isio n Men D raftsm en, lea d er ---------------------------------M anufacturing ------------------------------------ 66 66 39. 5 39. 5 D raftsm en, sen ior --------------------------------M anufacturing ------------------------- -------Nonm anufacturing ___________________ 878 712 166 40.0 40. 0 40. 0 126.00 128.50 114.50 D raftsm en, ju n ior ----------------------K/fa■nnfa rfn ring 236 190 40. 0 40. 0 92. 50 96. 00 92 92 40. 0 40. 0 71. 50 71. 50 137 108 39. 5 40. 0 103.50 106.00 T racers -------- _________________________________ X /fa n n fa r f n r i n g 1 1 $165.50 165.50 _ _ _ - - - 4 3 3 - - 2 1 8 18 18 37 37 _ 14 2 2 12 10 5 10 10 11 11 1 4 - 2 7 7 32 29 _ 18 1 17 13 4 20 33 29 22 21 21 21 35 35 1 - 10 8 48 28 3 3 3 3 4 4 10 5 7 16 13 15 13 6 6 5 5 5 5 3 3 5 5 6 6 19 19 9 9 6 6 73 65 38 38 - 27 27 - 66 66 18 18 - 31 26 5 8 8 2 2 8 / 53 48 5 - - _ - 6 6 2 2 94 78 145 76 1 20 38 95 69 26 16 25 66 10 21 21 9 9 9 9 5 5 2 2 11 11 1 1 3 59 21 3 3 11 1 1 W omen N urses, industrial (re g is te re d ) ________ M anufacturing ------------------------------------ _ - _ 1 8 6 33 29 15 11 2 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for which em ployees receive their regular straigh t-tim e sala rie s and the earnings co rre sp o n d to these w eekly hours. NOTE: A s in the p a s t, d a ta d o n ot in c lu d e r a il r o a d s . - 10 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , B a lt i m o r e , M d. , N o v e m b e r 1962) O ccupation and industry division Num ber of w eekly' earnings (Stan dard) 105 62 $ 7 0 .5 0 7 0. 50 87 6 4. 50 B ookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs , cla ss A ________ M anufacturing ___________________________________ 127 78 7 8. 50 8 3 . 50 B ookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs , cla ss B ________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ W holesale trade ______________________________ R etail trade __________________________________ F in a n ce 2 _______________________ ______________ 537 492 64 79 324 59. 57. 6 3. 58. 55. C lerks, accounting, cla ss A ______________________ M anufacturing ___________________________________ N onm anufacturing ----------------------------------------------R etail trade __________________________________ F in a n ce 2 _____________________________________ 783 345 438 75 164 _________ C lerk s, accounting, cla s s B ______________________ M anufacturing ___________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ W holesale trade ______________________________ R etail trade __________________________________ Finance 2 _____________________________________ 1 ,4 0 7 Z291, 178 183 211 273 00 50 00 50 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 1 3 .5 0 8 9. 00 7 6 . 00 8 6. 50 7 2. 8 4. 7 0. 9 6. 6 0. 6 1. 50 00 50 50 00 00 C lerks, file , cla s s A ---------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing ______________________________ F in a n ce 2 _____________________________________ 143 111 79 6 9. 50 6 7. 50 6 5. 00 C lerks, file , cla ss B _____________________ ,--------M anufacturing ________________________________ Nonmanufacturing --------- T ____________________ W holesale trade ___________________________ R etail trade _______________________________ F in a n ce 2 __________________________________ 379 75 304 54 59 161 57. 65. 54. 6 0. 50. 52. C lerk s, file , cla s s C ------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------F in a n ce 2 __________________________________ 502 4 15 335 52. 50 5 1 .0 0 50. 00 C lerk s, o rd e r _______ M anufacturing ___ Nonmanufacturing W holesale trade R etail trade ___ 439 90 349 121 162 7 4. 8 0. 73. 96. 6 0. C lerks, p a y roll ____ M anufacturing _ _ Nonmanufacturing Retail trade _ 607 400 207 103 8 5. 92. 7 1. 68. 1 2 3 of workers earnings * (Standard) C om ptom eter operators --------M anufacturing -------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------Retail trade ____________ 298 102 196 143 $ 7 7 .5 0 85. 00 7 4. 00 69. 50 D uplicating-m achine op erators (M im eograph or Ditto) --------- 63 71. 50 00 50 50 50 00 50 A s in the p a s t , da ta d o not in c lu d e r a il r o a d s . N um ber of workers weekly j earnings (Standard) Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s A — Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 147 86 61 $ 1 0 8 .5 0 112. 50 1 0 3 .0 0 Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B — Manufacturing __________________________ Nonm anufacturing ______________________ Finance 2 _____________________________ 446 135 311 135 8 8 . 00 1 0 0 .5 0 8 2 . 50 7 8 . 00 Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s C __ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ F in a n ce 2 _____________________________ 251 76 175 108 7 8. 9 0. 7 2. 6 5. T ra n scrib in g-m a ch in e o p e r a to r s , general Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ W holesale trade _____________________ Finance 2 ____________________________ 264 70 194 58 123 7 3 .0 0 7 5. 50 7 2. 00 9 0 . 50 6 3. 50 T yp ists, cla ss A ___________________________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ Public utilities 3 _____________________ F in a n ce 2 _____________________________ 759 4 05 354 64 187 73. 79. 6 7. 6 3. 6 3. 50 50 00 50 00 T yp ists, cla ss B ___________________________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ Public u tilities 3 -------------------------------W holesale trade -------------------------------Retail trade _________________________ F in a n ce 2 ____________________________ 1 ,3 4 4 432 912 27 54 112 701 6 0. 7 0. 56. 6 5. 6 5. 55. 55. 50 50 00 00 00 50 00 O ccupation and industry division O ffice occu p ation s— Continued Keypunch o p e ra to rs , cla ss A --------------------------------M anufacturing ---------------------------------------------------— N onm anufacturing ----------------------------------------------F in a n ce 2 _____________________________________ 491 174 317 111 7 4. 77. 72. 69. Keypunch o p e ra to rs , cla ss B _____________________ M anufacturing ----------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------Retail trade __________________________________ Finance 2 _____________________________________ 454 134 320 66 190 68. 00 81. 50 62. 50 6 1 .0 0 56. 50 O ffice boys and g irls ______________________________ M anufacturing ----------------------------------------------------Nonmanufaeturing ----------------------------------------------Public utilities 3 ---------------------------------------------Finance 2 _____________________________________ 324 108 216 66 120 58. 60. 56. 57. 54. S ecre ta rie s _________________________________________ M anufacturing ----------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------P ublic utilities 3 ---------------------------------------------W holesale trade ______________________________ R etail trade ---------------------------------------------------- 2, 387 1,021 1, 366 129 214 176 619 Stenographers, general M anufacturing -------Nonmanufacturing .. W holesale trade . F in a n ce 2 ------------ 1, 164 502 662 94 430 00 50 00 00 00 50 50 00 00 91. 00 99. 00 85. 00 1 0 1 .5 0 90. 00 7 8 . 50 7 9. 50 7 1. 78. 66. 74. 62. 50 00 50 50 00 Stenographers, sen ior — M anufacturing _______ Nonmanufacturing ----F in a n ce 2 __________ 363 217 146 66 86. 00 9 1 .0 0 77. 50 76. 50 50 50 00 50 00 Switchboard operators M anufacturing -----N onm anufacturing . Public utilities 3 Retail trade ----F in a n ce 2 ---------- 400 122 278 34 92 64 68. 84. 62. 76. 55. 65. 50 50 00 00 00 50 00 50 50 50 Switchboard o p e ra to r -r e c e p tio n ists M anufacturing ------------------- -------Nonmanufaeturing ______ ________ W holesale trade -------------------- 368 192 176 68 70. 72. 68. 67. 00 00 00 50 Earnings relate to regular straigh t-tim e w eekly sa la rie s that are paid fo r standard w orkw eeks. Finan ce, insurance, and real estate. Tran sportation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities. NOTE: Number O ffice occupations— Continued O ffice occupations B ille r s , m achine (billing m achine) ________________ Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine) O ccupation and industry d ivision 00 50 50 00 P ro fe s s io n a l and tech n ica l occupations D raftsm en, lea d er ____________ Manufacturing ______________ 66 66 165. 50 165. 50 D raftsm en, sen ior ____________ Manufacturing ______________ Nonmanufacturing __________ 886 716 170 1 2 6 .0 0 1 2 8 .5 0 1 1 4 .5 0 D raftsm en, junior _____________ Manufacturing ______________ 244 198 92. 50 9 5. 50 N urses, industrial (re g is te re d ) Manufacturing ______________ 159 130 1 0 7 .0 0 1 0 9 .5 0 T r a c e r s ________________________ Manufacturing ______________ 92 92 7 1 . 50 7 1 . 50 11 Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , B a lt im o r e , M d. , N o v e m b e r 1962) NUM BER OF WO RK ERS RE CE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY EARN ING S OF— O ccupation and industry d ivision Num ber of $ $ $ $ $ , $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Average Under $1. 50 $1 . 6 0 $1.70 $1.80 $ , $ 1. 90 2 . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2 . 6 0 2. 70 2 . 80 2 . 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 3. 50 $3. 60 3. 70 3. 80 3. 90 hourly , earnings $ and and 1. 50 under 1 . 60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2.4 0 2. 50 2 . 60 2. 70 2 . 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 3. 50 3. 60 3. 70 3. 80 3. 90 over $ 2 . 80 2. 84 2 . 61 C a rp en ters, m aintenance _______________ M anufacturing ___________ ________ __ Nonmanufacturing ____________________ 416 340 76 E le c tr ic ia n s , m aintenance ------------ ------M anufacturing ________________________ 705 659“ 2. 92 2. 94 E n gin eers, stationary ______ ___________ M anufacturing ________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________ 460 361 99 F irem en , station ary b o ile r _____________ M anufacturing ________________________ 5 5 10 - - 7 4 3 23 7 50 46 4 24 14 37 33 4 16 19 21 39 39 - 48 48 - - 4 4 - 4 _ 4 4 4 - _ - _ 1 l6 - 2 2 10 40 40 - 20 16 - 1 44 44 8 6 74 69 55 45 45 40 37 30 23 23 24 23 115 114 128 127 36 26 48 48 42 42 7 7 _ _ _ - - - 13 13 39 34 5 28 14 14 20 16 12 25 24 15 15 - 26 _ _ - _ 1 15 15 - _ _ 11 16 10 . _ 1 38 38 - 49 48~ 2 70 70 - 38 27 4 9 3 17 15 13 - 1 - 12 12 - 5 - 7 4 18 18 - 9 9 21 _ - 26 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 12 12 _ 13 - - - - - - 52 52 9 7 17 44 44 83 67 16 4 195 164 31 31 78 78 3 3 18 18 23 23 1 1 3 3 _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 17 17 2 1 1 1 10 1 - 3 3 9 9 19 19 30 30 2 2 29 29 35 35 6 6 1 1 18 18 2 2 1 1 1 1 - - - 3 15 14 21 78 78 41 37 13 71 69 162 161 91 90 304 295 30 30 74 74 20 18 18 4 4 . 12 84 84 8 54 16 38 4 128 4 124 124 169 24 145 141 113 17 96 79 104 32 72 30 10 6 4 25 25 _ _ _ _ 3 3 22 10 12 23 27 20 22 22 3 7 " 199 199 - 164 125 39 202 20 150 89 61 127 127 - 1 1 3 3 3 3 10 10 5 5 40 40 15 15 51 51 _ _ - 1 1 _ _ 7 3 - - - 5 - - 2 2 “ 23 8 6 15 " 1 1 28 28 17 8 17 14 3 12 4 45 43 14 13 8 2 1 - - - - - 2. 74 2. 85 2. 34 4 4 15 15 165 135 2. 47 2. 54 5 " - H elp ers, m aintenance trades ----------------M anufacturing __________________ __ __ Nonmanufar.tu ring Publi c. uti 1i ti e s 1 2 642 571 71 40 2.42 2.44 2 . 26 2. 42 3 3 6 6 M ach in e-tool o p e r a to r s , to o lr o o m _____ M anufacturing ________________________ 157 157 M achinists, m aintenance ________________ ____ M anufacturing ________ 1, 031 1, 009 3. 21 3. 21 _ M echanics, autom otive (m aintenance) ____ ____________________ M anufacturing ________________________ Nnnma nufac.tn ri ng P ublic u tilities 2 __________________ 644 154 490 380 2. 82 2.83 82 82 - 1 - 7 3 2. 92 2 . 92 1 2 4 . - _ - _ - - 2 2 2 2 _ - 2 2 19 _ - 1, 351 1, 192 159 3. 05 3. 05 3. 03 _ - - _ " M illw rights __ __ ____________ ________ M anufacturing _______________ __ __ _ 139 139 3. 03 3. 03 - - O ilers _________________ ________ ________ M anufacturing ________________________ 351 344 2.71 2.71 2 2 P a in ters, m aintenance ________ ________ M anufacturing ________________________ Nonm anufacturing ____________________ 208 145 63 2. 67 2. 83 2. 30 P ip efitters, m aintenance ________________ M anufacturing ________________________ 540 506 2.91 2. 90 Sheet-m etal w o rk e rs , m aintenance ____ M anufacturing ________________________ 148 140 8 8 392 385 3. 21 3. 21 4 13 — 4 ( n r 7 3. 00 3. 00 T ool and die m ak ers — __________________ M anufacturing ________ _____ _______ _ - 2. 2. M echanics, m aintenance ________________ M anufacturing ________________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________ __ 12 1 2 1 2 1 23 - - - 20 1 2 - - 4 4 - 3 3 3 3 1 - - . A s in the p a s t, data d o n ot in c lu d e r a il r o a d s . 1 1 2 1 19 13 125 124 1 1 6 1 - - - 4 4 6 6 - - - 4 4 10 10 6 6 7 7 8 8 29 29 25 18 21 21 47 47 41 41 13 13 36 36 33 33 41 41 24 2 10 5 6 3 7 1 - 15 13 31 23 36 35 6 4 2 8 - 19 18 4 18 13 5 1 1 9 9 - 5 5 " 16 5 7 12 8 2 - 12 1 4 4 _ _ _ 2 _ _ 7 75 72 73 70 117 115 30 29 68 - 90 90 21 - 17 16 10 - 6 6 10 - 2 2 - 33 32 3 8 6 2 2 2 12 12 15 14 8 8 10 10 17 17 28 21 6 6 6 6 14 14 1 2 2 15 15 19 18 37 34 - - - - - - - E xcludes p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. T ran sp ortation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities. NOTE: 7 18 71 50 - - - 6 ~~T T 187 15 71 £6 “ 5 - - _ _ 36 36 - 42 42 - _ _ . _ _ _ 12 12 21 21 - - - _ _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 - - - - - - - - _ . _ 4 49 4 4 5 5 12 12 23 23 4 4 7 7 15 nr~ 86 34 34 43 43 84 _ - 4 4 - 21 21 _ _ - 12 _ 1 1 74 74 - _ _ 5 5 - - - 48 48 1 1 4 4 2 2 - _ 12 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s studied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , B a lt im o r e , M d ., N o v e m b e r 1962) NUM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGH T-TIM E HOURLY E A RN IN G S OF— O ccu p ation 1 and industry division Num ber of w orkers Average Under $0.80 $0 . 9 0 $ 1 . 0 0 $1 . 1 0 $1 . 2 0 $1.30 $1.40 $1.50 $1 . 6 0 $ 1.70 $ 1.80 $ 1.90 $2 . 0 0 $2 . 1 0 $ 2 . 2 0 $ 2.30 $ 2.40 $ 2.50 $ 2.60 $ 2.70 $ 2.80 $ 2 . 9 0 $ 3.00 $ 3.10 $ 3.20 hourly and earnings 2 5 and 0.80 under .90 1 . 0 0 1 . 1 0 1 . 2 0 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2 . 0 0 2 . 1 0 2 . 2 0 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 over Elevator op era tors, p assenger (men) ___________________________________ 48 $1.18 3 - 21 3 7 3 2 - - - 2 - - 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - Elevator op era tors, p assenger (women) _______________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ Retail trade ______________________ 119 119 79 1.16 1.16 1.13 10 10 - - 33 33 33 27 27 23 22 22 13 13 2 2 - - - 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 4 4 4 3 3 17 Guards and watchmen __________________ M anufacturing _______________________ Gup rd s ________________________ _ W atchmen ----------------- -----------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 1,438 707 523 184 731 1.79 _ - _ - 3 3 23 23 386 52 52 334 132 3 63 25 43 36 35 29 162 62 51 36 36 40 37 20 8 1 1 1 16 - 29 3 " 6 - - - - _ - - 10 136 136 136 - 22 22 22 11 100 77 67 67 - 24 24 18 5 - 13 9 9 4 122 122 12 2 17 38 30 16 16 14 11 129 38 9 9 29 16 16 8 20 8 12 21 2 1 Janitors, p o rte rs , and clea n ers (men) ----------------------------------------------------M anufacturing ___ ___________ __ __ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ P ublic utilities 3 _________________ W holesale trade __________________ Retail trade _____ _______________ F in a n ce 4 ____________ __ ------------- 3, 304 1, 518 1,786 167 64 569 277 1.60 1.99 1.27 1.80 32 _ 32 " 18 _ 18 - - 298 298 265 812 75 737 - 169 45 124 13 45 57 128 72 56 18 - 84 74 44 33 104 98 105 1 6 5 7 1 2 2 - 1 1 3 3 144 131 13 9 3 102 11 335 306 29 - 57 45 10 145 72 73 72 - 139 138 6 12 0 111 320 79 241 4 59 72 1 8 3 3 59 52 7 7 30 30 - - - 4 4 - - - Jan itors, p o rte rs , and clea n ers (women) __ _________________ ________ M anufacturing ___________________ __ Nonmanufacturing __ _______________ Retail trade _____ _______________ F in a n ce 4 _____ __ ________ _____ 559 165 394 59 141 1.39 1.73 1.24 27 27 - 3 3 - - 83 83 27 56 111 48 17 17 9 9 3 3 17 17 1 1 14 14 3 3 - - - - - - - L a b orers, m aterial handling ___________ M anufacturing _________ ____ _______ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ Pu blic utilities 3 ______ ____________ W holesale trade __________________ Retail trade ______________________ 3, 613 2, 577 1,036 205 235 575 _ - _ - _ - 2 327 291 36 96 78 18 256 247 9 140 43 97 34 250 8 166 26 - - - 84 36 3 45 417 203 214 169 45 419 380 39 39 386 356 30 30 - 172 172 " 17 14 3 3 58 58 - 3 3 - 35 35 - O rder fille r s ___________ _______________ M anufacturing ____________ ________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ W holesale trade __________________ Retail trade _____ _______________ 1, 397 364 1, 033 378 641 2.08 1.85 2.16 _ - _ - 30 2 60 2 - _ - 28 28 - - - - 2 37 28 9 9 " _ - 2 - 173 173 18 155 2 01 - 43 5 38 34 4 2 61 - _ - _ - P a ck ers, shipping (men) _______________ M anufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ Retail trade ______________________ 485 276 209 59 1.84 1.63 36 36 - 74 74 - 2 2 1.61 _ - " 4 4 " 4 4 " 4 4 " _ - _ - P a ck ers, shipping (women) ------------------Nonmanufacturing ________ ________ 119 84 1.48 1.61 9 9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - Receiving cle r k s ________________________ M anufacturing ______ _______________ Nonmanufacturing ________ _________ Retail trade __________________ __ 259 133 126 2.33 2.40 2.26 2.24 _ - . - 17 24 8 _ - - 7 7 16 18 15 3 3 1 1 - 46 14 32 23 16 10 - - S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . 88 2.2 1 2.41 1.65 1.38 1.68 1.24 1.25 1 .1 1 1.17 2 .2 0 2.30 1.97 2.52 2.1 0 1.74 2 .0 2 2.26 2.1 1 - 8 2 23 3 18 15 12 165 1 12 126 17 6 10 36 76 45 20 9 5 12 8 - 13 11 4 1 143 24 119 4 3 23 23 - 5 1 105 63 42 39 35 13 11 8 37 27 2 11 1 7 1 20 6 177 30 147 80 30 50 150 119 69 50 204 136 103 77 68 26 10 121 3 47 6 6 12 12 7 3 12 30 24 11 6 84 13 21 44 15 53 14 42 85 36 49 28 18 44 15 29 86 45 45 22 3 83 29 53 8 6 - 37 7 30 107 67 40 27 80 5 75 11 6 22 2 20 55 5 50 12 8 13 4 8 8 5 3 _ - 3 1 5 4 7 3 4 10 10 20 20 _ 3 3 3 11 3 7 7 8 - 3 5 63 16 47 28 83 25 47 102 48 - 6 36 60 60 - 85 50 35 " _ " 13 45 45 7 31 _ - _ - _ - 24 14 109 93 35 24 30 24 10 10 16 11 6 14 4 5 35 32 3 3 _ _ _ 20 6 _ 11 " 22 22 2 2 _ " 4 4 32 - _ - 2 _ - 6 2 2 2 7 7 7 10 - 3 3 3 - 22 - 2 3 5 2 _ - 8 21 12 1 4 3 10 18 10 3 5 39 33 1 5 12 68 92 14 78 72 38 7 6 14 13 8 6 2 66 1 66 14 _ _ _ " ~ - 17 13 4 4 25 16 9 9 29 24 5 5 201 9 4 5 5 8 5 3 3 - 11 5 3 _ " _ " _ - 13 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d i v is i o n , B a lt im o r e , M d . , N o v e m b e r 1962) NUM BER OF W ORKERS R E CE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccu p a tion 1 and industry division 2 N ber um of workers Shipping cle rk s __________________________ M anufacturing _______________________ Nonm anufacturing ___________________ R etail trade _______________________ 248 154 94 73 Shipping and r eceiv in g c lerk s __________ M anufacturing ________________________ Nonm anufacturing ___________________ W holesale trade __________________ R etail trade _______________________ 124 54 50 192 68 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Average hourly , Under 0 . 80 0 . 9 0 1 . 00 1 . 10 1 . 20 1. 30 1. 40 1. 50 1 . 60 1. 70 1 . 80 1. 90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 2 . 50 2 . 60 2. 70 2 . 80 2 . 9 0 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 eam'ngs $ and and 0 . 80 under . 90 1. 0 0 1 . 10 1 . 20 1. 30 1. 40 1. 50 1 . 60 1. 70 1 . 80 1 . 90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2 . 60 2. 70 2 . 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 over $ 2. 46 2 . 61 2 . 22 2 . 18 7 4 3 3 23 11 12 12 37 28 9 3 12 10 2 2 9 3 6 6 16 11 18 18 15 1 1 1 - - - 5 7 7 7 - 50 159 153 20 - - - - - 2. 33 2. 55 _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 . 22 2 . 16 - - - - - - 2. 19 - 2 2 7 " 7 13 13 - - 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 3 6 9 3 3 - 6 6 9 8 6 2 14 14 6 - 6 - 3 2 - 11 3 6 1,888 49 2. 46 2. 51 _ - _ - _ - _ - 33 15 18 27 27 47 47 77 77 46 19 27 34 16 18 48 44 4 38 14 24 W holesale trade __________________ R etail trade ______ _________________ 783 770 286 2. 50 _ _ _ _ - - - _ 18 42 - 12 6 18 2 . 21 20 16 21 6 6 8 _ 4 T r u c k d r iv e r s , light (under IV2 tons) ____________________________ M anufacturing ____________________ Nonm anufacturing ________________ 282 169 113 2. 23 2. 63 1. 63 - - - - 23 5 18 9 9 1 - 16 16 18 7 1 11 9 9 929 294 635 263 182 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. - - - - 5 5 - 18 18 34 34 31 31 22 12 10 - - - - - 18 6 20 12 7 2 . 69 2. 43 2. 74 2. 75 - - - - 5 5 - - - 18 18 6 - 2. 52 60 2. 37 - - - - - - 12 12 12 12 - ~ - - - 10 10 11 5 2 5 - - 6 6 - 6 5 32 32 - 2 - 180 180 - 4 4 - - - T ru ck d riv ers 6 _ . M anufacturing ________________________ Nonm anufacturing ___________________ T r u c k d riv e r s , m edium (1V2 to and including 4 tons) ____________________ M anufacturing ____________________ Nonm anufacturing ________________ P u blic u tilities 34 _______________ 5 W holesale trade _______________ R etail trade ___________________ 2, 777 889 160 2. 01 T r u c k d riv e r s , heavy (over 4 tons, tr a ile r type) ________________________ M anufacturing ____________________ Nonm anufacturing ________________ 'Pn’Klir* ^ 1,084 169 915 351 T r u c k d riv e r s , heavy (over 4 tons, other than tr a ile r type) _____________ M anufacturing ____________________ Nonm anufacturing ________________ 285 180 105 - - - - T r u c k e r s , pow er (forklift) ______________ M anufacturing ______________ ^________ Nonm anufacturing ___________________ R etail trade _______________________ 1,600 1,471 129 76 2. 57 2. 58 2. 46 2 . 60 _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - _ - - - - - 306 303 2. 47 2. 47 " “ - ■ T r u c k e r s , pow er (other than fork lift) M anufacturing _______________________ 1 1 A s in the p a s t , datta d o n ot in clu d e r a il r o a d s . 1 1 8 6 2 2 _ _ 22 _ _ _ - 9 9 3 53 37 16 4 2 2 1 - “ 6 12 26 26 14 - - - - _ _ - 87 24 63 153 31 95 363 1 22 7 17 17 - 14 14 - _ _ _ _ I 1 73 19 54 " 1014 294 720 646 15 59 134 6 33 9 24 8 _ 20 6 15 6 1 39 4 " 11 32 3 29 12 - - 4 4 - 1 1 10 10 11 25 16 9 44 43 25 14 13 5 64 81 75 30 9 11 8 43 6 6 3 - 5 6 - 2 1 1 7 - 87 7 80 80 4 37 6 21 8 12 1 16 16 15 45 21 1 - 4 2 1 - 6 3 2 5 5 - - 65 65 - - - - - - - 3 9 521 1 1 16 16 - 1 37 - 16 15 3 3 1 34 - TT 20 1 1 16 3 — _ 6 6 37 1 114 22 - _ 20 86 114 277 66 277 - _ 48 127 127 2 2 7 7 - - - 30 30 30 - 347 74 273 255 18 _ 8 8 - _ - - 4 4 _ - 23 441 36 405 351 114 1 22 98 296 19 277 - _ - - 1 44 _ 44 3 3 18 9 9 40 3 37 44 9 35 - 29 12 10 2 81 39 42 16 16 24 24 - 13 13 ~ - 18 73 70 3 - - 13 13 - - 2 2 21 21 - 70 70 - 56 42 14 61 44 17 132 89 43 43 272 264 - 8 8 253 219 34 18 180 180 - 129 129 - 95 95 - 30 30 - 49 49 - 6 - - Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs except where otherw ise indicated. E xcludes p rem iu m pay fo r ove rtim e and for w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late shifts. T ran sp ortation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities. Finan ce, in su ran ce, and r e a l estate. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 4 at $ 3. 40 to $ 3. 50; 8 at $ 3. 50 to $ 3. 60; and 9 at $ 3. 60 to $ 3. 70. Includes all d r iv e r s re g a r d le s s o f size and type of truck operated. NOTE: - 23 1 - 232 74 158 74 35 49 ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 16 6 6 13 13 10 10 23 23 12 12 1 1 37 37 3 3 11 1 - 22 15 76 24 52 2. " 21 2 6 6 9 31 18 36 73 29 18 2 ~ 2 1 2 2 ' 64 82 6 82 ---- 64- ------ T ' 16 - - _ - 32 32 16 16 B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (D is trib u tio n of e s ta b lis h m e n ts studied in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y m in im um entran ce s a la r y fo r s e le c t e d c a t e g o r ie s o f in e x p e r ie n c e d w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s , B a lt im o r e , M d., N ov e m b e r 1962) O th er in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 In e x p e rie n ce d typ ists M anufacturin g M inim um w eek ly s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r y 1 M an u factu rin g N onm anufacturing B a sed on standard w e e k ly hours 3 of— A ll in d u s tr ie s A ll in d u strie s A ll s ch e d u le s 40 195 75 XXX 27 98 37 1 5 4 7 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 3 22 6 18 7 15 2 9 4 1 1 2 1 3 4 _ 3 8 4 5 1 5 2 1 1 3 4 XXX XXX 48 XXX XXX 49 A ll sch e d u le s 40 A ll sch e d u le s 37V 2 40 195 75 XXX 120 XXX XXX 88 38 32 50 12 1 11 10 15 9 10 5 8 2 3 2 2 2 3 5 _ 3 5 4 3 4 6 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 _ 3 5 2 2 3 5 1 1 1 1 3 5 1 8 10 10 5 7 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 - _ 1 5 2 1 2 1 - E sta b lish m en ts having no s p e c ifie d m in im u m ____ ______ 38 20 XXX 18 E sta b lish m en ts w hich did not e m p lo y w o r k e r s in th is c a t e g o r y ________________________________ 69 17 XXX 52 E sta b lish m en ts studied ______________________________________ E sta b lish m en ts having a s p e c ifie d m in im u m $ 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 2 .5 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 50.00 $ 52.50 $ 55.00 $ 57.50 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 62.50 $ 65.00 $ 67.50 $ 70.00 $ 72.50 $ 75.00 $ 77.50 $ 80.00 $ 82.50 1 2 3 and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under $ 4 2 .5 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 50.00 $ 52.50 $ 55.00 $ 57.50 $ 60.00 $ 62.50 $ 6 5 .0 0 $ 67.50 $ 70.00 $ 72.50 $ 75.00 $ 77.50 $ 80.00 $ 82.50 $ 85.00 ____________ ______ ______________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ _______________________________ ______________________ ______ ___ __ __ ___________________ ............................................................ _________________________ ______ ________________________ ___ ________ _________________ ___ ___________________________ ________ ___ _________________ ________________________________ _____________________________ ______________________ ___ ________________________________ _____________ _________________ ___ __ ________________________ __________ A s in the p a st, data do not in clu d e r a ilr o a d s . A ll s c h e d u le s 3 71/z 40 120 XXX XXX 33 61 13 35 _ 3 7 3 4 5 2 1 1 3 4 3 19 6 10 3 10 1 4 2 1 1 1 - _ 4 3 2 1 3 - 3 10 3 6 1 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 - 23 XXX 25 XXX XXX 15 XXX 34 XXX XXX T h ese s a la r ie s re la te to f o r m a lly e s ta b lis h e d m in im u m startin g (h irin g) r e g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s that a re paid f o r standard w o rk w e e k s . E x clu d es w o r k e r s in s u b c le r ic a l jo b s such as m e s s e n g e r o r o f fi c e g ir l. Data a r e p r e s e n te d fo r a ll standard w o rk w e e k s c o m b in e d , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n standard w o rk w e e k s re p o rte d . N O T E: N onm an u factu rin g B a s e d on stan dard w e e k ly h ou rs 3 o f - Table B-2. Shift Differentials (Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls o f m a n u fa c tu r in g plant w o r k e r s b y type and am ount of d iffe r e n t ia l, B a lt im o r e , M d ., N o v e m b e r 1962) P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa ctu rin g plant w o r k e r s — In e s ta b lis h m e n ts having f o r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 f o r — Shift d iffe r e n t ia l S e co n d sh ift w o rk T h ird o r o th e r sh ift w o rk A c t u a lly wo rk in g on— S e co n d sh ift T h ir d o r o th e r sh ift 8.4 _______ _____________________________________ 86.4 83.2 17.1 W ith s h ift p a y d iffe r e n t ia l _ __ ------------------------- 83.9 82.7 15.9 8.2 U n ifo r m c e n ts (p e r h o u r) ____________________ 51.9 50.7 10.3 6.5 2 c e n t s _________________________________ __ 4 c e n t s _____________________________________ 5 c e n ts ------- ----------------------------------------------6 c e n ts _____________________________________ 7 c e n t s _____________________________________ 8 c e n t s _______________ ____________________ 9 c e n t s _______________ ____________ ______ 10 c e n ts ________________________ _____ — 1 1 c ent s ____ ______________________________ 12 c e n ts ___________________________________ 121/2 c e n ts _ ________ ____________ ______ 13 c e n ts ____________________________________ 132/ 3 ce n ts ____ ___________________________ 14 c e n ts ___________________________________ 15 c e n ts ___________________________________ 16 c e n ts and o v e r ____________________ __ .3 .8 6.5 5.7 T o ta l U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e __________________ - 29.0 .6 4.9 2.3 .3 1.3 - - _ - 1.2 .8 3.4 3.2 3.3 2.8 27.4 1.6 - .6 3.3 3.0 (2) .2 1.0 1.2 6.7 .2 .6 .1 .1 .2 - .2 (2 ) .2 .3 .4 4.8 .2 - - .1 (2 ) .3 4 .5 1.7 - ______ 27.9 5 p e r c e n t ___________________________________ 6 p e r c e n t ______________________ - ___________ 7 p e r c e n t _________ _______________________ 7 V 2 p e r c e n t _______________________________ 10 p e r c e n t _ ______________________ __ — 15 p e r c e n t _________________________________ 4 .4 1.0 5.2 .5 16.7 - 1.0 5.2 .5 20.1 1.1 (2 ) .8 .1 3.1 ~ ( 2) 1.7 (2 ) — 4.1 4.1 1.1 - W ith no s h ift pay d iffe r e n t ia l ----------------------------- 2.6 1.0 1.1 .2 O th e r f o r m a l p a y d iffe r e n t ia l __________ 27.9 - 0 - 1 In c lu d e s e s ta b lis h m e n ts c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g late s h ifts , and e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ith f o r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ifts e v e n though th ey w e r e not c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g la te s h ifts . 2 L e s s than 0.05 p e r c e n t. 16 Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours ( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , B a l t i m o r e , M d . , N o v e m b e r 1962) O F F IC E W O R K E R S PL AN T W O RK ERS W eek ly h ou rs Manufacturing Public utilities2 Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 2 3 7 17 3 1 1 1 10 5 80 All , industries 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- U nder 35 h ou rs ------------------------------------------------------------------------35 h ou rs __________________________________________ O ver 35 and under lz h o u rs _________________ 37 l / z h ou rs ___________________________________ — O ver 3 7 V 2 and under 40 h ou rs _______________________ 40 h ou rs __________________________________________________________ O ver 40 and under 44 h ou rs ___________________________ 44 h ou rs __________________________________________________________ O ver 44 and under 48 h o u rs - __________________________ 48 h ou rs __________________________________________________________ O ver 48 h ou rs ________________________________________________ A ll w o r k e r s 1 2 3 4 5 66 - ( 5) 1 3 (!) - ( 5) - (*) Finance3 All . industries4 M anufacturing Public u tilities2 Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 4 9 24 31 - - - _ - - _ 29 2 69 ( 5) _ 2 4 10 84 - - - - - - - - - 1 - 6 86 2 In clu d es data f o r s e r v ic e s in a d d ition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a te ly . T ra n sp o rta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th er pu b lic u tilit ie s . F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te . In clu d es data f o r r e a l e state and s e r v ic e s in a d d ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. N O T E: A s in the p a st, data do not in clu d e r a ilr o a d s . - 36 1 ( 5) 1 3 3 82 1 1 4 4 ( 5) 1 5 1 _ - - 100 1 1 3 - 88 _ - 12 6 2 _ _ 12 86 _ 11 70 1 _ 17 Table B-4. Paid Holidays ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y n u m b e r o f p a id h o l id a y s p r o v i d e d a n n u a lly , B a l t i m o r e , M d . , N o v e m b e r 196 2) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS Item A ll w o r k e r s All j industries ______________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g p aid h o lid a y s ___________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g no p aid h o lid a y s ________________________________ M anufacturing Public 2 utilities W holesale trade Retail trade Finance 3 All 4 industries M anufacturing Public 2 utilities W holesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 96 98 100 100 94 - - 4 2 - - 6 63 3 28 7 - (5) _ 4 2 3 54 28 ( 5) 2 3 1 - 4 2 13 46 _ _ 35 4 4 7 7 35 35 92 94 98 98 98 98 - - . . 5 3 2 40 ( 5) 43 - N um ber o f d a y s L e s s than 5 h o lid a y s ___ _____ __ ------------------5 h o lid a y s ________________________________________ 5 h o lid a y s p lu s 2 h a lf days _____________________ 6 h o lid a y s ________________________________________ 6 h o lid a y s p lu s 1 h a lf day ______________________ 6 h o lid a y s p lu s 2 h a lf days _____________________ 6 h o lid a y s plu s 3 h a lf days _____________________ 7 h o lid a y s ________________________________________ 7 h o lid a y s plu s 1, 2, o r 6 h alf days ___________ 8 h o lid a y s 8 h o lid a y s p lu s 1 h a lf day ______________________ 8 h o lid a y s plu s 2 h alf days _____________________ 9 h o lid a y s ____________________________________ __ 9 h o lid a y s plu s 1 h alf day ______________ _____ 10 h o lid a y s _______________________________ _____ 11 h o lid a y s _____________ _______________________ 11 h o lid a y s p lu s 1 h a lf day ______ ____________ 12 h o lid a y s ___________________________ _________ 13 h o lid a y s _______________________________________ T o ta l h o l id a y (5) 10 2 1 (5) 22 1 29 (5) 2 6 3 20 2 1 1 ( 5) ( 5) 3 2 1 1 - 3 1 2 7 1 28 58 5 11 4 15 3 27 2 3 24 - - - ' 5) " 7 " - 3 ( 5) 1 17 16 12 42 6 2 1 90 97 97 . 7 7 31 31 34 36 65 65 84 95 7 7 35 37 1 3 3 9 51 63 80 80 96 97 97 97 100 100 100 100 100 100 10 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 1 1 ( 5) 16 2 2 40 ( 5) 26 ( 5) ( 5) 2 5 1 ( 5) - 7 11 14 4 5 23 3 23 2 7 - _ - - - 1 - - " _ _ _ 35 35 35 35 81 81 96 96 _ 1 1 1 1 8 68 100 100 100 100 100 100 61 1 _ _ 14 17 _ _ _ _ _ _ t im e 6 13 days ___________________________________________ 12 o r m o r e 'days I I V 2 o r m o r e days ______________________________ 11 o r m o r e days 10 o r m o r e days ________________________________ 9 V 2 o r m o r e days 9 o r m o r e days __________________________________ 8 V 2 o r m o r e days 8 o r m o r e days _________________________________ 7 V 2 o r m o r e days 7 o r m o r e days ______________________________ __ 61/2 o r m o r e days __ 6 o r m o r e days ___________________________ „ 5 o r m o r e days . ........... 4 o r m o r e days __ 1 o r m o r e days _ (5) 1 2 4 24 27 33 35 64 64 86 90 99 100 100 100 _ 1 1 3 3 6 7 50 50 93 95 100 100 100 100 ( 5) _ ( ) ( 5) 59 59 59 59 88 _ ( 5) 1 5 5 7 7 33 34 74 78 94 95 96 96 10 33 36 64 93 93 . _ _ _ _ 17 17 32 33 94 94 94 94 In clu d e s data f o r s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose industry d iv is io n s shown se p a r a te ly . T r a n s p o rta tio n •(excluding r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s . F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l estate. In clu d e s data f o r r e a l estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s shown s e p a ra te ly . L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t. A ll co m b in a tio n s o f fu ll and half days that add to the sa m e am oupt a r e co m b in e d ; f o r e x a m p le , the p r o p o r tio n of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g a total o f 7 days in clu d e s those w ith 7 fu ll days and no h alf days, 6 fu ll days and 2 half d ays, 5 fu ll days and 4 h alf d a y s, and so on. P r o p o r t io n s w e r e then cum ulated. 1 2 3 4 5 6 NOTE: A s in the p a s t, data do not in clu d e r a ilr o a d s . 18 Table B-5. Paid Vacations ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s i n a l l i n d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v is i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , B a l t i m o r e , M d . , N o v e m b e r 1962) O F F IC E W O R K E R S PLAN T W ORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y All industries1 A ll w o r k e r s -------------- ------------------------------------------ Manufacturing Public utilities2 Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance3 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 ( 5) 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - All . industries4 100 M anufacturing Pu blic 2 utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 91 9 - 100 100 - 100 92 8 - 100 100 - _ 2 16 4 40 9 - 4 80 13 3 - M e th o d of p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g paid v a c a tio n s ----------------------------------------------------L e n g th -o f-tim e paym ent -------------------------------P e r c e n ta g e paym en t --------------------------------------F la t -s u m paym ent -------------------------- -------------O ther ___________________________ _____________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g no paid v a ca tio n s ----------------------------------------------- 99 92 6 ( 5) 1 A m ount of v a c a tio n p a y 6 A fte r 6 m onths o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek _____________________________________ 1 w eek ____________________________________ — ----O v er 1 and under 2 w eeks _______________________ 2 w eeks ______________________________________ ___ " 4 46 41 9 19 9 2 ■ 17 6 1 " 38 2 “ _ . . 1 99 - " 1 78 6 13 1 ■ . 83 9 8 “ 2 75 6 14 ( 5) 1 ( 5) . 15 85 - 58 39 3 " 62 38 " _ 12 ( 5) 96 - 91 - 88 - 99 - 58 17 23 - - _ _ ( 5) 50 12 34 ( 5) _ 9 - 12 85 3 7 44 15 2 5 48 5 . . 20 7 72 ( 5) 14 15 71 " 35 65 - 6 18 75 - 4 2 66 1 - 5 26 17 ~ 36 9 - A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek _____________________________________ 1 w eek ______________________ __ ________ — ----O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s ------------------------------- i ~ 2 w eek s __ ____________ ______ _______________ ______ O v er 2 and under 3 w eek s _______________________ 3 w eeks ____________________________________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s _______________________ - _ “ A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek _____________________________________ 1 w eek ____________________________________ ______ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks _______________ _____ 2 w eek s ____________________________________ ______ O v er 2 and under 3 w eeks _______________________ 3 w eeks ____________________________________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s _______________________ S e e fo o t n o t e s a t e n d o f t a b l e , . 5 7 86 ( 5) 1 _ _ _ 2 ( 5) 2 57 43 - 38 4 59 _ _ 19 Table B-5. Paid Vacations— Continued ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , B a l t i m o r e , M d . , N o v e m b e r 1 962) OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y A m ou n t o f v a c a tio n All industries 1 M anufacturing Public utilities 2 W holesale trade PLANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance 3 All 4 industries _ 7 1 93 " _ - ( 5) 16 31 50 ( 5) 2 ( 5) _ 17 42 39 2 - _ 2 95 3 ' _ 25 27 48 _ _ 10 9 80 _ “ - ( 5) 14 30 52 ( 5) 2 ( 5) _ 15 41 42 2 ~ _ 2 95 _ 25 27 48 _ 10 9 80 M anufacturing Public utilities 2 Wholesale trade Retail trade p a y 6-------C o n tin u e d A ft e r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w e e k ____________________________________ 1 w e e k ____________________________________________ O v er 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s ______________________ 2 w eek s ____ _____ ______________________________ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s ______________________ 3 w eek s _____ ___________________________________ O v er 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ______________________ 3 1 92 ( 5) 3 - 3 3 90 4 " 1 99 - 6 94 - " ■ _ 3 1 93 ( 5) 3 ~ _ 2 3 91 4 “ _ 1 99 ■ . 6 94 - _ 99 - _ 100 “ 3 96 1 1 - _ 90 6 5 " 5 2 88 2 2 ( 5) 4 92 2 2 _ _ 34 3 62 2 47 1 50 _ 74 3 38 33 26 - - 4 1 40 23 30 ( 5) ( 5) 4 1 33 27 34 ( 5) 99 ■ A ft e r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek ____ ______________________________ 1 w eek ____________________________________________ O v e r 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s ______________________ 2 w eek s _______ ___________________ ____________ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ______________________ 3 w eek s _______ __ ______________________________ O v er 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s ______________________ _ 7 93 - _ ( 5) 99 - " - - - 3 " “ " _ 97 3 " 7 93 - 8 9 81 2 _ 78 7 41 27 25 - A ft e r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ____________________________________________ O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ______________________ 2 w eek s ___________________________________________ O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s ______________________ 3 w eek s ___________________________________________ O v er 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s ______________________ 1 - 92 2 5 ~ ( 5) 95 5 ( 5) “ A ft e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ____________________________________________ O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ______________________ 2 w eek s _ _____ _________________________________ O v er 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s ___________________ _ 3 w eek s ____________________________ ____________ O v er 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s ______________________ 4 w eek s ___________________________________________ 1 55 9 36 ( 5) 40 20 40 _ 96 - 4 - 26 - - - - " “ " - ■ 1 48 8 44 - ( 5) _ 89 11 - _ 26 1 73 - 2 45 1 52 - _ 74 26 - - 20 - - - 2 3 29 38 30 - _ 69 29 2 7 4 30 - 59 - A ft e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek O v e r 1 and und er 2 w e e k s ______________________ 2 w eek s _______ ______ ________________ O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s 3 w eek s _ _ O v er 3 and und er 4 w e e k s ______________________ 4 w eek s S e e f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b le , ( 5) 26 17 56 - 0 ( 5) 7 30 27 35 - 7 4 29 60 - 20 Table B-5. Paid Vacations— Continued ( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , B a l t i m o r e , M d . , N o v e m b e r 1962) OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y A m ou n t o f v a c a tio n All , industries 1 Manufacturing 1 (5 ) - - Public 2 utilities W holesale trade 3 97 - - PLANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance 3 All . industries * Manufacturing Public , utilities W holesale trade Retail trade p a y 6 -------C o n t in u e d A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ------------------------------------------------------------------O v er 1 and u nd er 2 w eek s ---------------------------------2 w eek s -----------------------------------------------------------------O v er 2 and u nd er 3 w ee k s ______________________ 3 w eek s ___________________________________________ O v er 3 and u nd er 4 w eek s ---------------------------------4 w eek s ------------------------------------------------------------------ - 7 92 - 2 1 1 (5 ) 7 11 (5) 86 2 21 79 - - 20 1 77 " . 14 81 5 4 . 1 3 - 14 12 - 2 3 81 - 98 - 1 1 2 4 3 . 1 - - 14 12 2 66 - 77 (5) - 7 25 68 - 7 4 17 72 - A fte r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ------------------------------------------------------------------O v er 1 and u nd er 2 w ee k s ---------------------------------2 w eek s -----------------------------------------------------------------O v er 2 and under 3 w eek s ______________________ 3 w eek s ----------------------------------------------------------------O v er 3 and under 4 w eek s ---------------------------------4 w eek s ___________________________________________ 10 (5 ) 71 (5) 17 - 69 1 22 2 3 - - 21 9 79 13 - 20 1 90 7 35 44 69 9 3 3 94 15 32 - - 2 7 25 7 4 16 - - - 70 30 50 18 50 2 12 2 . - 26 18 34 28 26 28 7 23 24 99 1 1 60 (5) 19 18 23 A fte r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ____________________________________________ O ver 1 and u nd er 2 w ee k s ---------------------------------2 w eek s -----------------------------------------------------------------O v er 2 and under 3 w eek s ---------------------------------3 w eek s -----------------------------------------------------------------O v er 3 and under 4 w ee k s ---------------------------------4 w eek s -----------------------------------------------------------------O v er 4 w eek s ------------------------------------------------------- 1 _ 8 (5) 40 6 44 (5 ) (5 ) 7 45 14 32 1 4 2 2 51 20 1 31 _ 47 5 52 43 1 14 3 - 1 20 25 7 4 16 33 40 1 In clu des data f o r s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in du stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 2 T r a n sp o rta tio n (e x clu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), c o m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s . 3 F in a n ce, in s u r a n c e , and r e a l esta te. 4 Inclu des data fo r r e a l e state and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o se in du stry d iv is io n s show n se p a r a te ly . 5 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. 6 In clu des paym en ts o th e r than "le n g th o f t i m e , " such as p e r c e n ta g e o f annual ea rn in gs o r fla t-s u m paym en ts, c o n v e r te d to an equ iva len t tim e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le, a paym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in gs w as c o n s id e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay. P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w ere a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and d o not n e c e s s a r il y r e f l e c t the in divid u al p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r e x a m p le , the changes in p r o p o r t io n s in d ica te d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e includ e chan ges in p r o v is io n s o c c u r r in g b etw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . E s tim a te s a r e cu m u la tiv e . Thus, the p r o p o r t io n r e c e iv in g 3 w e e k s ' pay o r m o r e a fte r 5 y e a r s in clu d e s those who r e c e iv e 3 w eek s' pay o r m o r e a fte r fe w e r y e a r s o f s e r v ic e . NOTE: A s in the p a st, data do not in clu d e r a ilr o a d s . 21 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t o f o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s e m p lo y e d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g health, in s u r a n c e , o r p e n sio n b e n e f it s , 1 B a lt im o r e , M d. , N o v e m b e r 1962) O F F IC E W O R K E R S PLAN T WORKERS T yp e o f b e n e fit All 2 industries Manufacturing Public , utilities 3 Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance 4 All 5 industries 3 Manufacturing Public , utilities 3 Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 L ife in s u r a n c e _______________________________ A c c id e n t a l d eath and d is m e m b e rm e n t in s u r a n c e ___________________________________ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u ra n ce or s ic k le a v e o r b o t h 6 ________________________ 97 99 100 95 76 99 89 98 98 79 45 61 33 46 34 29 43 49 45 33 22 84 96 97 82 82 63 9° 96 100 68 79 S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce _______ S ick le a v e (fu ll pay and no w aitin g p e r io d ) __________________________ S ick le a v e (p a r tia l pay or w aitin g p e r io d ) __________________________ 43 75 6 31 38 7 72 91 30 43 31 53 46 95 61 19 56 10 1 68 21 12 12 20 2 6 32 - 15 8 17 10 44 H o s p ita liz a tio n in s u r a n c e __________________ S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e __________________________ M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e ___________________________ C a ta strop h e in s u r a n c e ______________________ R e tir e m e n t p e n s io n _________________________ No h ealth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n sio n plan ------ 77 79 53 86 88 71 71 64 92 91 95 93 59 56 62 62 47 57 66 69 69 56 88 4 1 74 74 31 19 43 18 40 40 24 86 75 76 35 23 80 4 88 70 55 81 87 A ll w o r k e r s ______________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts pro v id in g : 66 88 1 51 54 90 3 89 37 21 68 85 98 ( 62 16 78 9 1 In clu d es th o se p lan s fo r w h ich at le a s t a part o f the c o s t is bo rn e by the e m p lo y e r , ex ce p tin g on ly le g a l re q u ir e m e n ts such as w o r k m e n 1'’ '’ ^ ^ o e n s a tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. 2 In clu d e s data fo r s e r v ic e s in add ition to those in du stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 3 T r a n s p o r ta tio n (e x clu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 4 F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l estate. 5 In clu d e s data fo r r e a l estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in d u stry d iv is io n s shown s e p a r a te ly . 6 U n d u p lica ted to ta l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ick leave o r s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce show n s e p a r a te ly b e lo w . S ick le a v e plans a r e lim ite d to th ose w h ich d e fin ite ly e s t a b lis h at le a s t the m in im u m num ber o f d a y s ' pay that can be e x p e c te d by e a ch e m p lo y e e . In fo rm a l s ic k le a v e a llo w a n c e s d e te r m in e d on an in divid u al b a s is a r e exclu d ed . NOTE: A s in the p a s t, data do not in clu d e r a ilr o a d s . Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. C l a s s A— Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. B i l l e r , m a c h in e (h illin g m a c h in e )—U s e s a special billing m a chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which art combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. C l a s s B —Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. B i l l e r , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p i n g m a c h in e )—U s e s a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING C l a s s A— Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 23 24 C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G -C o n tin u e d payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac counting clerks. C l a s s B— Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE C l a s s A— In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. B— Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. C la ss C L E R K , ORDER Receives customers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve a n y c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. C la ss C —Performs Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto; masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 25 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C la ss /l — Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. C la ss B — Under close supervision or following specific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and SECRETARY— Continued making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. 26 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERA TOR-Continued C l a s s C— Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR C l a s s A— Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports, D o e s n o t in c lu d e working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations a n d day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. C l a s s B —Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive a-ccounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records., filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. C l a s s A— Performs o n e o r m o re o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources o r responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. C l a s s B —Performs o n e o r m o re o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance pol icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 27 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec trical, mechanical, or structural drafting. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employee s ’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal PDprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 28 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May a l s o supervise these operations. H e a d or c h i e f e n g i n e e r s in e s t a b l i s h • m e n ts e m p lo y i n g m ore than o n e e n g i n e e r are e x c l u d e d . MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricatingoils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water and safety valve. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working 29 M ACH IN IST, M A IN T E N A N C E —C on tin u ed M ILLW RIG H T properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright's work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the wort of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and- experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a re placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making nil necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and .experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose p rim a r y d u t i e s involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of.mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints ajnd redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work i n v o l v e s th e f o l l o w i n g : Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain, proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to; correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-! cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 30 P I P E F I T T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E —C on tin u ed S H E E T -M E T A L W O RK ER, M A IN T E N A N C E -C o n tin u e d and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. W o rk ers p rim a rily e n g a g e d in in s t a l li n g a n d types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. r ep a irin g b u ild in g s a n it a t io n or h e a tin g s y s t e m s are e x c l u d e d . TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gkge maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. I n c l u d e s g a t e - m en w h o are s t a t i o n e d at g a te a n d c h e c k o n i d e n t i t y o f e m p l o y e e s €tnd o th e r p e r s o n s e n t e r in g . 31 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and m a y i n v o l v e o n e or m ore o f the f o l l o w i n g : Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P a c k e r s w h o a l s o m a ke w o o d e n b o x e s or c r a t e s a re e x c l u d e d . LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve in g : o n e or m o re o f th e f o l l o w - Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. L o n g s h o r e m e n , w h o lo a d and u n lo a d s h i p s are e x c l u d e d . sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. p in g w ork routes, in v o lv e s : S h ip A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. w ork in v o lv e s: May R e c e iv in g Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers* orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform Other related duties. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: R e c e i v i n g c le r k S h ip p in g c le r k S h ip p in g an d r e c e i v i n g c le r k 32 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D r i v e r -s a l e s m e n a n d o v e r -t h e -r o a d d r iv e r s Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. are e x c l u d e d . For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: T ru ck er, p o w e r (fo r k l if t ) T ru c k er, p o w e r (o th e r than fo r k l if t ) T r u c k d r iv e r ( c o m b in a tio n o f s i z e s l i s t e d s e p a r a t e l y ) T r u c k d r iv e r , l i g h t (u n d e r iy 2 t o n s ) WATCHMAN T r u c k d r iv e r , m ed iu m ( l l2 to a n d in c lu d in g 4 t o n s ) / T r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y (o v e r 4 t o n s , tra iler t y p e ) T r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y (o v e r 4 t o n s , o th e r than tr a ile r t y p e ) Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
@FedFRASER