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Occupational Wage Survey A TLA N TA , GEORGIA March 1951 B ulletin No. I03I U N I T E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R M A U R I C E J. T O B I N , S E C R E T A R Y Bureau of Labor S t a t i s t i c s Ewan Cl agu e, Commi ssi oner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 30 cents Contents Page Number INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1 THE ATLANTA. METROPOLITAN AREA ........................................................ Labor and Industry In the Atlanta Area .............................. ............ 1 1 OCCUPATIONAL WAGE STRUCTURE .......................................................... Cross-Industry Occupations .............. Offloe clerical occupations ........................... ............ ........ Professional and technical occupations ........................................ Maintenance and power plant occupations .............................. . Custodial, warehousing and shipping occupations ........... ........... Characteristic Industry Occupations..... .................... . Straight-tiro© average earnings .................................. Union wage scales ...... ...................................................... Minimum Entrance R a t e s ...... ........ ................ ........................... 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 SUPPLEMENTARY WAGE PRACTICES ......................................................... 3 1 3 TABLES: Average earnings for selected occupations studied on an area "basis 1. Office occupations ............. ............................................. 2. Professional and technical occupations ....................................... 3. Maintenance and power plant occupations ............. ............ . 4. Custodial, warehousing and shipping occupations.... ............... ...... Average earnings for selected occupations studied on an Industry "basis 5 . Women's, and misses' dresses ............................. ......... 6 . Machinery Industries .................. 7 . Department stores ................. ......................... ............ 8. Banking ............... ............ ................................... . 9. Power laundries ......................................................... . 10. Auto repair shops ................................................ ............ Union wage scales for selected occupations 11. Bakeries .... ......... .................................... . 12. Building construction ..... ............................ ........ 13. Local transit operating employees.... ........................ .......... 14. Motortruck drivers and h e l p e r s .......... ........ ........................... 15. Printing ................... ....................................... ........... Entrance rates 16. Minimum entrance rates for plant workers .......... ........................... Wage practices 17. Shift differential provisions ...... . ................................. ....... 18. Scheduled weekly hours .............. .............................. . 19. Paid holidays ................................................................. 20. Paid vacations ................................ ............. ................. . 21. Paid sick l e a v e ..... ........................................................ 22. Nonproduction bonuses ....................... 23. Insurance and pension plans .............................................. . 17 18 18 19 20 21 21 APPENDIX: A - Scope and method of survey ......................... ........................ . B - Descriptions of occupations studied ......... ...................... . 23 I N D E X ................................................................................ 34 4 9 10 11 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 16 16 17 17 22 In tro d u c tio n J/ Labor and Industry in the Atlanta Area The Atlanta area is one of several important industrial centers in which the Bureau of Labor Statistics conducted occupational wage surveys during early 1951* 2/ Occupations common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries were studied on a commu nity-wide basis. Cross-industry methods of sampling were thus utilized in compiling earnings data for the following types of occupations: (a) office clerical; (b) professional and tech nical; (c) maintenance and power plant; and (d) custodial, warehousing and shipping. In pre senting earnings information for such jobs (tables 1 through 4) separate data have been pro vided wherever possible for individual broad industry divisions. Occupations characteristic of particular, important, local industries have been studied as heretofore on an industry basis, within the framework of the community survey# 2/ Although only a limited amount of such data was compiled in the present survey, greater detail will be provided in future studies. Union scales are presented in lieu of (or supplementing) occupational earnings for several industries or trades in which the great ma jority of the workers are employed under terms of collective bargaining agreements, and the contract or minimum rates are indicative of prevailing pay. practice. Data on shift operations and differentials, hours of work, and supplementary benefits such as vacation and sick leave allowances, paid holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and insurance and pension plans have been collected and summarized# The A t la n t a M e tr o p o lita n A re a The Atlanta Metropolitan Area (Fulton, DeKalb, and Cobb Counties) ranked twentythird in the Nation in population count and had more than 660,000 inhabitants in 1950# Half of this total was concentrated in Atlanta, one of the most important commercial, financial, and industrial cities in the South# Served by 15 main lines of 8 railroad systems, 10 major air routes, and an extensive network of highways, Atlanta is one of the Nation*s pivotal dis tributing points. The city is ranked as the third largest telegraph center, the third largest telephone switching center in the world, and the tenth In air mail volume in the United States, indicating its importance as a regional center. The Bureau*s estimate of the cost of the annual budget for an Atlanta worker*s fam ily was $3,833> the fifth highest annual cost among the 34 large cities surveyed 3n the United States duri.ng October 1950# The budget is described as providing a ”modest but adequate” level of living for an urban worker *s family of four persons - an employed father, a housewife not gainfully employed, and two children under 15 years of age. 1/ Prepared in the Bureau*s Division of Wage Statistics by Harry H. Hall, Regional Wage Analyst, Region III, Atlanta, Ga. The planning and central direction of the program was the responsibility of Toivo P. Kanninen and Louis E. Badenhoop under the general supervision of Harry Ober, Chief of the Branch of Industry Wage Studies. 2/ Other areas studied: Boston, Mass.; Chicago, 111.; Denver, Colo.; New York, N#Y#; and San Francisco-Oakland, Calif. Similar studies were conducted in 1950 in Buffalo, N#Y.; Denver, Colo.; Philadelphia, Pa.; and San Francis co-Oakland, Calif. y See Appendix A for discussion of scope and method of survey. Wage and salary nonagricultural employment in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area totaled almost 269,000 during March 1951# More than 1,000 manufacturing plants provided employment to about 61,000 persons in the 3-county area. Commodities produced were valued over $400,000,000 in 1950. Diversification of products is such that only 4 broad industry groups employed in excess of 5,000 persons in manufacturing. The textile industries employed about 10,000; food and kindred products about 9,500; apparel industries about 7,000; and transportation equip ment industries (automobile assembling) 7,000. As the leading distribution center of the Southeast, Atlanta*s wholesale and retail trade operations are very extensive. About 28,000 persons were employed in more than 1,900 wholesale trade establishments and 45,400 wage and salary employees were distributed over the payrolls of more than 3>400 retail trade establishments. Approximately 15,000 persons were employed in the finance, insurance, and real estate industries. Exclusive of the substantial employment in the railroad industry, a labor force of more than 21,000 was required by the industry group that includes transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Serv ice industries provided employment to 31,500 workers# During the past 5 years, about 50,000 building units were started in. the 3-oounty metropolitan area# Approximately 17,000 persons were employed in the construction trades dull ing the first quarter of 1951, and in spite of restrictions 2,880 building units were started in the 3-month period# Atlanta is the center for most of the United States Government activity in the Southeast# More than 75 departments and agencies employed about 20,000 people within the metropolitan area# Total government employment in the area (Federal, State, county and munic ipal) was estimated at 37,000. Less than half of the plant workers in the industries and establishment size groups surveyed in the Atlanta area were employed in establishments having written agreements with labor organizations. About three-fifths of the plant workers in manufacturing and four-fifths in the transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and public utilities industry were employed in union establishments. These were the only two major industry divisions in which over half of the nonoffice workers were covered by agreements. The degree of unionization among office workers was considerably lower than among plant workers. About 1 in every 10 office workers was employed by a firm having an agreement with a union representing office workers# O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S tru c tu re The March 1951 period was preceded by an active period of wage adjustments. Al though few wage increases were granted between January and July 1950, accelerated economic forces with anticipated wage freezes following the outbreak of hostilities in Korea spurred labor to demand more substantial increases during the latter half of 1950 and early 1951. These general increases usually ranged from 5 to 15 cents an hour# Increases were also re ceived on an individual basis by many thousands of workers in addition to or in place of gen eral increases. 2 . Slightly more than half the office and plant workers were employed in establish ments that had formalized rate structures with a range of rates for each job* About 22 per- cent of the plant workers, as contrasted with less than 1 percent of the clerical workers, were employed in plants having a single rate for each job* The remainder of the plants had no formal rate plans and each worker was paid according to individual merit or other considera tions rather than on a job basis* Almost half the clerical workers and slightly over a fourth of the plant workers were employed in these establishments* In the discussion of wages which follows, two main occupational groupings are dis tinguished: (1) cross-industry occupations, such as office clerical occupations, professional and technical occupations, maintenance occupations, and custodial, warehousing and shipping occupations; and (2) characteristic industry occupations* The first group of occupations was studied on a cross-industry basis from employer payroll records* These occupations are usual ly found in all or a number of industries* In general, the characteristic industry occupa tions are peculiar to a specific industry* As indicated below, straight-time average rates or earnings are shown for some industries; union scales are shown for others* Cross-Industry Occupations Office clerical occupations— Among the 25 office occupations in which women *s sala ries were studied, average weekly earnings varied from a high of $56 for secretaries to a low of $35 for routine file clerks* General stenographers, the largest occupational group, aver aged $47* Other numerically important groups were general clerks averaging $43 and account ing clerks averaging $46 per week. Weekly salaries for women in manufacturing industries were generally from $2 to $5 higher than those for women in nonmanufacturing industries (table 1). Average weekly salaries of men varied from a high of $68 for hand bookkeepers to about $34 for office boys* The largest groups of men office workers studied were accounting clerks and general clerks who averaged $53 and $53*50, respectively* Men*s salaries were also slightly higher in manufacturing than in nonmanufacturing industries* Average salaries of men, except for file clerks and office boys, were considerably higher than those of women in comparable jobs surveyed. Differences in average salaries for men and women in particular occupations, however, generally do not reflect differences in rates within the same establishment* Office job averages of March 1951, in general, were from $2 to $3 higher than those reported in comparable jobs studied in the Bureau*s previous office salary survey of January 1950. Professional and technical occupations— As shown in table 2, men working as drafts men had average weekly earnings of $71* The average was the same for workers in both manu facturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Junior draftsmen (men) averaged $51 on an. allindustiy basis and $39*50 in manufacturing* Women employed as industrial nurses averaged $53*50 per week. Maintenance and power plant occupations— Among maintenance and power plant jobs selected for study, millwrights had the highest average rate, $1*97 an hour* This average hourly rate was followed by $1*91 for sheet-metal workers and $1.85 for electricians* The lowest average rates among the jobs studied were $1*21 for stationary boiler firemen and $1*11 for oilers. Custodial, warehousing and shipping occupations— The average hourly pay for men ranged from 84 cents for truck drivers (light) to $1.41 for guards. The largest group of men studied, stock handlers and hand truckers, averaged 99 cents an hour, as did packers, another large group. Receiving clerics and shipping clerics averaged $1.26 and $1*27, respectively* Watchmen averaged 95 cents while men janitors, porters, and cleaners averaged 90 cents an hour. Characteristic Industry Occupations Straight-time average earnings Following the practice for the cross-industry occupations previously discussed the wage or salary information for the following six industries reflects straight-time earnings derived from employer payroll records*' W o m e n s and misses * dresses— Data shown for the dress industry (table 5) are based on August 1950 payrolls. In a follow-up check, all establishments in the study reported a general wage adjustment of 5 percent between August 1950 and March 1951* Of the groups stud ied the highest paid were men cutters and markers, who averaged $1.50 an hour* Women sewing sections of garments by machine received $1 an hour, those performing all the standard sewing machine operations on a complete garment (single-hand or tailor system) received 94 cents an hour* Average hourly earnings for hand pressers were 76 cents an hour. Machinery manufacture— Data shown for machinery industries (table 6) are based on January 1951 payrolls. In the group studied, however, only one establishment reported a wage change between that date and March 1951* Production machinists, numerically the most impor tant job group in the industry, averaged $1*57 an hour. Tool and die makers, the highest paid -workers among the 12 jobs studied in machinery, received $1*73 an hour* Average hourly eari>ings for class A assemblers were $1*46* In the welder categories, class A men received $1.52 and class B $1*27, on the average. Department stores— Among the occupations studied the highest paid workers in Atlanta*s department stores were the men selling furniture and bedding and men selling floor covering; these sales groups averaged $95*50 and $70 a week (table 7), Women sales employees with the highest average earnings were clerks selling women1s and misses* suits and coats at $42 a week, and clerks selling women*s and misses* dresses at $36. Among nonselling jobs, men tailors who altered men*s garments averaged $57*50, and stock girls in selling sections averaged $22*50 a week. Banking--The highest paying bank jdba studied were men all-round tellers, who averag ed $55*50 a week, and note tellers with weekly average of $54 (table 8). Women employed as tellers, (paying, or paying and receiving) earned a weekly average of $45*50* General ste nographers earned $47, and proof-machine operators $40 a week* Power laundries— Average hourly earnings in power laundries were considerably lower than those found in the other industries selected for study in the Atlanta area* The largest occupational group studied, women flatwork finishers, averaged 39 cents an hour* Markers, at 57 cents an hour, and machine shirt pressers, at 53 cents, also accounted for large numbers of women* Men operating extractor and washing machines received 73 cents and 87 cents an hour, respectively (table 9)* Auto repair shops— Automotive mechanics (class A), employed in general auto repair shops and in repair departments of dealer establishments, averaged $1.60 an hour* In other jobs requiring the care and upkeep of automobiles, body repairmen averaged $1*74; greasers, 93 cents; and washers 76 cents (table 10). Union Wage Scales The information reported for the following five industries relates to the minimum wage rates and maximum straight-time hours per week agreed upon through collective bargaining between employers and trade-unions* Bakeries— Union agreements with Atlanta bakeries (machine shops) provided for mini mum hourly scales of $1*30 for dough mixers and overmen and $1*21 for benchmen, rolling-ma chine operators, and moldermen. The workweek in the bakery trades was 40 hours (table 11) • 3 Building constructioiv— The basic hourly union scale for important journeymen trades in the construction industry was $2*75 for bricklayers, $2,00 for carpenters and brush paint ers, $2.50 for electricians and plasterers, and $2.60 for plumbers. A workweek of 40 hours prevailed for all trades (table 12). Local transit operating employees— Operators employed in local transit service re ceived a starting rate of $1.30 an hour; after 6 months they advanced to $1.36 and after a year to $1.40 an hour. Feedeiv-bus drivers had a minimum hourly scale of $1.25 for the first 6 months of service, $1.31 for the next 6 months, and $1.35 an hour after 1 year of service (table 13). Motortruck drivers and helpers— Union scales for motortruck drivers according to materials transported and length of service. Hourly rates ranged for baggage drivers to $1,725 for railway express drivers (money pick-up). The truck drivers were scaled according to length of service of drivers, ranging the start to $1.54 after 5 years (table 14). varied widely from 95 cents rates for oil from $ 1.32 at Scheduled Workweek More than two-thirds of the women office workers in industries within scope of the survey worked a 40—hour week and nearly a fifth were scheduled to work between 35 and 38 3/4 hours a week in March 1951 (table 18) • Three-fourths of all plant workers had a 40-hour work schedule; practically all others had longer schedules, usually 4 8 hours. In manufacturing establishments, the 40—hour schedule applied to almost nine-tenths of the plant workers. Paid Holidays Provisions for paid holidays were in effect for practically all office workers and more than four-fifths of the plant workers (table 19). The most typical arrangements were for observance of 5, 5 l/2, or 6 paid holidays throughout the year for both office and plant work ers. Nearly 40 percent of the office workers in the finance, insurance, and real estate groups received 7, 8, 9, or more paid holidays. Paid Vacations Printing— In commercial printing shops in Atlanta, union contracts called for mini mum wage scales of $2.48 for hand compositors, $2.60S for electro typers, and $ 1.25 for bindery women. In newspaper work, the scale for compositors was $2.533 an hour during the day and 8 cents more at night; web pressmen received $2,453 per hour for daytime work and $2.56lan hour for night work. A 37 l/2-hour workweek was in effect for all trades except newspaper mailers, who were paid overtime rates after 40 hours a week. Almost a 11 Atlanta area establishments studied allowed paid vacations to both office and plant workers after a year of service (table 20). For office workers, a 2—week vacation was most typical, especially in finance, insurance, and real estate, and in services. For plant workers the most common practice was to grant 1 week*s vacation after 1 year of service and 2 weeks after 5 years. Minimum Entrance Rates Paid Sick Leave Atlanta area firms employing more than 90 percent of the plant workers in « n ii>dustries had established minimum entrance rates for the employment of inexperienced plant workers (table 16). Entrance rates ranged from less than 40 cents to more than $1.30 an hour but the most prevalent rate was 75 cents. Approximately a tenth of the workers were employed in establishments having minimum entrance rates of 50 cents or less; these workers were all employed in retail trade and service industries. Formal provisions for paid sick leave after 1 year of service were in effect in es tablishments employing nearly a third of the office workers and almost an eighth of the plant workers in all industries. The number of days granted to employees for absences due to sick ness varied considerably among the industrial groupings and among the establishments in each industry group. Most of the plans, however, were effective after 6 months of service and al lowances ranged from less than 5 days to more than 25 days for both office and plant workers (table 21). Nonproduction Bonuses S u p p le m e n ta ry W age P ractices Annual earnings were supplemented by nonproduction bonuses in establishments employ ing about 2 of every 5 workers (table 22). Most of the payments were in the form of Christ mas or year-end bonuses. About two-thirds of all retail trade workers were employed in es tablishments which gave nonproduction bonuses. Shift Differentials Insurance and Pension Plans Nearly a fifth of the factory workers studied in Atlanta manufacturing plants were employed on extra-shift, operations. More than three-fifths of the workers employed on second, third, or other extra shifts were paid differentials above their day rates. The amount of the differential varied, however, among the industries and the plants studied, ranging ffrom 2 1/2 to 15 cents an hour on second shift and from 5 to 16 cents on the third shift (table 17). In the machinery industries, employees working on second-shift operations (the only extra shift in these industries) received differential pay of either 5 or 15 cents an hour. More than 19 of every 20 office workers and 18 of every 20 plant workers were em ployed in establishments having some form of insurance and/or pension plan financed wholly or in part by the employer (table 23). Life insurance plans were most prevalent in all industry groups for both office and plant workers. Considerably more than half of all workers were employed in establishments having hospitalization insurance plans. Retirement pension plans were available in establishments employing nearly three-fifths of the office workers and onethird of the plant workers. u Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS (Average weekly earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) 5, Table 1.--OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number Weekly Weekly sched of earn workers uled ings hours Number of workers receiving stra:Lght-time weekly eiirnings of (H. («■ * $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ a> 1 $ $ $ $ $ ♦ $ V * 1 $ 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.0 0 80.00 85.00 90.00 * 95.oo and sind under over 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 Men - Continued Clerks, pay roll 2/ ............ Nonmanufaoturing 2/ ......... Wholesale trade .......... 77 27 19 40.5 40.5 40.5 $57.00 64.00 66.00 Duplicating-machine operators 2/ Nonmanufacturing ............ 23 21 39.5 39.5 43.50 43.00 _ 34.00 34.50 34.00 35.00 36.50 33.00 32.00 _ Office boys ................... Manufacturing ............... Nonmanufacturing 2/ ......... Wholesale trade .......... Retail trade ............. Finance * * .... ......... . Services ........ ........ Tabulating-machine operators 2/ . Nonmanufacturing 2 / ..... 7... Finance ** ............... Typists, class A ............... 169 25 144 50 15 37 33 26 23 11 40.0 39.0 40.0 40.5 40.0 39.0 40.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 55.00 56.50 56.00 16 44.0 51.50 562 54 508 305 18 32 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.5 40.0 40.0 42.00 45.50 a . 50 40.50 38.00 45.50 33 39.0 39.0 40.00 39.00 46.00 - - - - - 2 - 2 2 - - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 1 - - - 2 2 2 1 10 - - - - 10 10 5 5 57 4 53 12 4 21 14 47 12 35 19 3 10 30 4 26 15 2 8 1 _ - - - - 1 1 - - - - - _ _ _ 12 5 7 2 3 2 2 2 _ 10 10 1 4 3 2 2 1 2 10 10 3 3 _ _ - 5 1 - - 3 3 1 4 - 5 1 1 10 2 2 4 - 6 - - - - - - - 14 14 9 1 - 2 - - - _ - - - _ - - - - _ - - - - - - 1 - _ - 2 2 2 1 - 4 3 3 - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 4 3 4 4 _______ 1 - - 1 1 - - - 1 1 _ 1 1 1 - - - - - - - 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 2 _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 11 36 10 2 20 1 19 9 15 13 2 7 5 4 1 6 2 4 - _______ - _ - 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 2 _______ _ 3 3 _ _ - - - - - - - - Women Billers, machine (billing machine) Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing 2/ Wholesale trade . Retail trade .... Services ....... Billers, machine (bookkeeping machine) 2/ Nonmanuf ac turing 28 Bookkeepers, hand 2/ Nonmanufacturing 2/ Wholesale trade . Retail trade .... Finance ** ..... Services ....... 232 225 34 21 86 84 41.0 41.0 40.5 43.5 39.5 42.5 45.50 56.00 49.50 45.00 41.00 Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing 2/ Wholesale trade • Services ....... 190 22 168 128 14 41.0 40.0 41.5 41.5 41.0 49.00 58.00 48.00 49.00 44.50 - - - 14 9 5 - - - - - 3 - - - _ 2 2 - - - 60 2 58 54 1 146 4 142 117 - 10 - _______ - - ~ - - ” _ . - - - 1 1 - - - - 38 38 32 32 2 - 5 25 7 23 - 4 8 13 81 __ - - 5 - 4 8 8 8 81 51 10 — - - 17 17 4 - 6 3 2 3 - - - 4 - - - - • - - - - ~ - - - - — - - - - 8 - - - - 2 - - - - “ - _ - - 2 - - - - 6 8 - - - - 5 5 14 - - 3 25 - - - - - - - 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 7 - - - - - 25 25 - - 7 2 1 1 _______ 1 _______ 1 2 2 13 _____ 1 1 117 1 116 53 5 1 - 1 2 1 103 8 95 27 11 - See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 18 5 13 9 3 - 6 2 36 31 8 3 26 __ 21 26 23 1 - 11 11 4 4 - - 5 4 2 1 - _______ 2 - _______ 1 _ . - - - - - - - 1 _ 1 ____4 1 1 2 2 _ 2 - - - - - - 3 - 3 3 - - - - 3 - 1 - - - - - - - - 1 ___14 9 1 14 10 ____4. 4 _______ - - - 9 - 23 2 6 11 2 - - - - - - - - - -• - - - 8 - 1 2 7 1 1 - 2 - - - - - - - 2A 1 9 17 £ 21 - - - _ - 2 2 2 2 - _ 13 13 9 8 10 8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - “ - - - — 7 - 5 - - - 5 3 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - 9 6 - - 21 21 * 6 Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number Weekly Weekly sched of earn workers uled ings hours >f Number of workers recejiving €traight-time weekly earn $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1$ $ $ $ 1 * 1 $ 1 1 1— 1 $ 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 4 7.5 0 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 and and under over 95.00 80.00 90.00 85.00 0 70.00 72.50 7?j°Q| 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.J0. 40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 S b S S L 60.00 6a. 50 65.00 Women - Continued 585 47 538 156 56 288 31 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.5 40.0 39.5 $40.50 46.00 40.50 42.50 39.50 39.00 42.50 445 80 365 163 154 23 39.5 40.0 39.0 39.0 40.0 38.0 46.00 49.50 45.00 45.00 45.50 40.50 Calculating-machine operators (other than nnmnt.nmp.+^r t,vnfi I .____ .................. Menu featuring ............... ............ Nonmanufacturing 2/ Wholesale trade ••••••••••••••••••■••• Petal 1 trade .................. . Finance ** 105 20 85 41 14 21 40.0 40.0 40.0 4 1.0 40.0 39.0 42.50 47.00 41.50 42.00 38.50 39.00 Clerks« accounting •••••••••••••••••.•••••«• Man11f*aotpring •••••••••••••••••••••••«••• Wnwmflmiffl<rhirr1 y\& 2 / •••*••••••••«••«••••• Ptihl "ic util ities # ...... . Wholesale trade Retail trade ttT..t,tt..f.T............ Finance ** 1.129 154 975 460 142 67 183 39.0 40.0 39.0 38.0 40.5 40.5 39.0 46.00 47.50 45.50 48.00 48.00 43.50 40.00 Clerks• file• class A 2/ Nonmanufacturinff 2/ Who!esale trade .....................a Retni1 trade ...... . Finance ** Services 234 227 82 23 78 41 40.0 40.0 40.5 40.0 39.0 40.0 42.50 42.00 45.50 41.00 40.50 38.50 Clerks• f^1e , class B Manufaotnring *.........................a Monmnnnfacturinf? ........................ P^lbl ic uti 1ities * .................. Wholesale trad© Retail trade ......................... F t nnnce .......... Servr ces ............................. 621 59 562 30 82 72 296 82 39.5 39.5 39.5 38.0 40.0 40.0 39.0 40.0 35.00 39.00 34.50 38.50 36.50 35.00 33.50 33.00 Bookkeeping—mnelr! n© operators, class B ..... VJhnl e trade t,fTt.... ...... . P*a+.eiT t r e d e ............... nABne ** ....................... . Services ........................ . Calculating-machine operators (Comptometer type) ................................... Ratal 1 trade ............... ........ FInance ## .................... 15 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 _ _ _ 2 _ ... 2 _ _ 2 97 _ 97 22 14 59 2 128 12 116 33 12 71 _ 98 12 86 11 21 45 8 76 3 73 40 1 30 2 86 4 82 44 4 20 14 48 _ 11 4 2 46 9 6 3 2 1 10 _ 10 3 4 2 29 2 27 13 7 5 32 2 30 8 14 4 91 10 81 43 30 7 47 3 44 21 19 2 59 ___4SL 11 4 48 45 22 14 26 22 3 2 _ 2 8 10 .. 10 3 2 5 8 8 5 3 _ 21 _ 21 11 3 7 17 3 14 11 3 - 17 13 4 4 125 6 119 75 9 3 27 174 ___9 1 22 19 76 155 37 39 12 30 1 14 20 21 2 _ 8 3 1 4 _ _ 22 » 22 3 _ _ _ _ 3 16 2 32 110 14 96 30 3 13 28 4 4 3 3 3 22 22 5 1 16 _ _ _ _ 2 _ 59 2 _ 59 2 _ _ 2 57 63 29 _ 21 19 6 4 2 .. 7 16 1 2 159 6 15 17 86 35 126 3 123 5 10 15 61 ' 32 _ 4 63 _ _ 105 5 100 5 23 16 51 5 48 ___ 21 ___2 1 26 48 35 12 4 3 6 3 3 22 9 15 2 3 27 97 ___ 42 27 70 2 28 8 26 6 14 28 5 3 5 11 4 6 2 4 3 6 3 3 - 2 1 1 3 3 2 2 - - - - - 1 - 1 •- - - - - - - - - 38 2 36 18 11 - 19 9 10 7 3 - 9 3 6 1 4 - 16 14 2 1 - 21 7 14 4 10 - 6 4 2 2 - 2 1 1 1 - 2 4 2 2 - 4 4 - 18 5 13 3 2 5 - 15 See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 48 - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - 5_ ___ 2 3 2 2_ 9 - — - 5 1 4 2 — - - — - — - 1 1 “ - - “ - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - *■ - 145 30 115 46 21 11 11 72 19 53 25 14 4 9 101 7 94 53 17 6 9 24 5 19 5 9 2 3 43 6 37 28 5 1 25 10 15 12 1 2 - 64 ___ I L ___ I L 2 10 12 54 14 6 28 13 22 1 3 1 2 4 4 2 2 2 - 9 9 9 - 12 12 12 - 8 2 6 6 - 2 2 2 - - - - 3_ 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 - 4 4 4 - 2 2 2 - 2 2 2 - - - _ - _ - - 1 1 - - - 1 1 - 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - 44 ___14, ___ 42 14 32 7 2 4 4 4 2 21 3 7 3 - _ - 1 1 - 2 1 - 1 14 4 3 5 2 - _ - -* - - 7 Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of i S$ s? $ 1— sP $ 14 & $ $ $ $ § 5 11 — $ i — i— ♦ 5— Weekly 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.5 0 40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55*.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.0 0 80.00 85.00 90.00 $ 95.00 earn and and under ings over 55.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 7^.00 90.00 95.00 50.00 52.50 30.00 35.00 47.50 57.50 60.00 65.00 80.00 85.00 32.50 27.50 62.50 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number Weekly sched of workers uled hours Women - Continued Clerks, general ........................ . Manufacturing .......................... Nonmanufacturing 2/ ............ ....... Wholesale trade ................. . Retail trade .................... Finance ## .......................... Services ........................... 1,741 169 1,572 430 146 239 408 40.0 40.0 39.5 40.5 42.0 39.5 40.5 t o . oo 48.00 42.50 44.00 42.00 43.50 37.50 _ - 9 9 2 7 88 9 79 1 10 68 146 6 140 9 11 20 72 180 3 177 57 18 16 61 257 3 254 . 39 32 48 79 270 32 238 88 26 37 62 229 18 211 98 17 34 32 132 26 106 54 6 15 16 75 12 63 14 8 15 2 169 9 160 15 11 7 2 41 7 34 5 8 4 - 63 12 51 26 5 12 7 27 13 14 1 12 - 16 4 12 7 2 3 - 11 8 3 1 2 - 15 4 11 5 4 - __ - Clerks, order ............................ Manufacturing ............ ............. Nonmanufacturing 2 / ....... .......... .. Wholesale trade ..................... Retail trade ........................ 200 28 172 26 103 40.0 39.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 42.00 44.50 41.50 47.00 38.00 - 2 1 1 ■1 8 8 8 17 17 10 35 3 32 3 22 30 1 29 1 27 29 5 24 18 19 5 14 3 10 30 %1 24 12 5 4 4 1 8 4 4 1 1 3 1 2 - 3 3 3 - 3 3 - 3 3 3 - 3 2 1 - 1 1 - Clerks, pay roll .......................... Manufacturing ......... ................ Nonmanufacturing 2 / .................... Public utilities * .................. Wholesale trade ..................... Retail trade ........................ Services ........................... 274 108 166 53 50 41 14 39.5 40.0 39.0 37.5 39.5 40.0 a.5 48.50 49.50 48.00 48.50 51.50 45.00 43.00 _ - 1 1 - 8 7 1 1 - 4 4 4 - 9 2 7 2 3 2 12 6 6 2 1 3 - 40 13 27 7 3 9 7 29 39 19 --- ^ 20 23 6 9 8 8 1 9 2 - 17 2 15 3 3 6 1 17 6 11 3 1 3 2 34 16 18 4 6 6 - 12 11 1 1 - 19 3 16 3 12 - 10 4 6 3 3 - 8 1 7 3 4 - Duplicating-machine operators ............. Manufacturing .......................... Nonmanufacturing ....................... 42 13 29 40.5 39.0 41.0 36.00 36.00 36.50 - - 12 3 9 3 3 14 6 8 3 2 1 1 1 5 2 3 4 4 - - - - - - Key-punch operators ................ ...... Manufacturing .......................... Nonmanufacturing....................... PiihUn n+.iH+.-l pr # Wholesale trade ..................... Retail trade ........................ Finance ** ......................... 288 22 266 1/ 87 38 127 39.5 38.5 39.5 38.0 40.0 40.0 39.5 40.50 44.00 40.50 39.00 42.00 38.00 40.00 _ - 10 10 38 2 36 1 22 1 21 1 7 7 6 23 2 21 47 20 20 4 2 2 2 2 - 3 4 5 10 3 6 12 7 12 2 10 1 3 2 2 _ 42 1 41 / 17 5 15 32 10 22 3 - 27 27 2 7 2 16 2 2 13 6 - - 24 25 39.5 39.5 37.0 40.0 39.5 36.00 36.00 3Z. SO 37.50 34.50 863 181 682 93 176 93 216 104 40.0 40.0 40.0 38.5 40.5 40.5 39.5 41.0 56.00 56.50 56.00 68.00 57.00 53.00 51.50 53.50 Office girls 2/ ........................... Nonmanufacturing 2 / .................... T>iiKH P ii+*l"H+ -ipR * Wholesale trade ..................... Finance ** ........ ............. . 104 100 Secretaries .............................. Manufacturing .......................... Nonmanufacturing ....................... . Public utilities * ...... ........... Wholesale trade ..................... Retail trade ........................ Finance * * ............... .......... Services ........................... 5 5 _ - - _ _ .- - _ _ - - 31 29 g 2 15 17 15 / 22 22 9 9 17 17 4 4 2 2 5 4 7 - 5 - 3 2 1 2 2 4 4 - 3 3 - 16 6 10 2 51 3 48 12 4 15 17 56 15 41 1 12 7 16 5 73 23 50 1 14 15 17 3 - - - - 2 2 - - - - - - - - - 2 - 4 - 8 — See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 14 2 19 47 2 14 6 25 - - 5 5 - 6 1 5 5 - 2 2 - _ “ _ - _ - - _ - 2 2 - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 8 5 3 2 1 - 1 1 - 3 2 1 1 - __ - 1 1 - 2 2 - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - 3 _ - _ - 4 4 - _ - _ - _ - _ - __ - _ - 3 _ _ 4 - _ - - _ - - - - - - - 5 _ - - “ - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 68 5 63 1 14 8 27 13 86 13 73 1 17 18 29 8 81 15 66 1 25 4 28 8 88 12 76 15 23 9 19 10 89 17 72 9 20 11 19 13' 68 24 44 4 11 7 11 11 34 20 14 7 29 1 28 9 3 5 9 2 34 14 2 12 4 5 1 2 - 12 5 7 3 1 1 2 23 8 15 10 2 3 - - 3 4 28 9 4 3 7 5 - 13 1 12 11 1 - 6 - - 6 6 - - - 13 2 11 1 10 - 8 Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) Number of worker,5 rece:iving £straigllt-turie weekly eanlings <if | $ $ $ i - $ Average ? Sex, occupation, and industry division Number Weekly Weekly 25.00 schedof earn- and workers uled . ings under hours 27.50 $ b b 27.50 30.00 32.50 $ $ 1 $ $ b 35.00 37.50 A0.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 $ $ $ $ $ 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 A0.00 A2.50 A?. 00 A7.50 50.00 52.50 55.00|57,20 60.00 62,5.0 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 over Women - Continued Stenographers, general .......... . Mapnf*afvhnring .T.............. . Public utilities * .................. Services ......................... . Stenographers, techninal 2/ Nonmanufacturing 1,835 280 1,555 199 500 180 501 175 39.5 39.0 39.5 38.5 A0.5 A0.5 39.5 A0.5 $47.00 A9.50 46.50 49.00 A7.50 45.00 A3.00 _ 58 39.5 A0.5 A7.00 46.00 _ 41.0 39.5 42.00 A3.00 42.00 A9.00 A5.00 A0.50 39.00 36.00 42 46.00 Switchboard operators Mannf>qotnpingr aetrirnpgr ••.••••••••••••••••••••• Pub! 1o uti 1 1tias # ................... Who!a salft trade ..... .... Retail trade Finance ** ••••••••••••*•••••••••••••• Services 213 33 180 24r 35 17 39.0 A1.5 A1.0 39.5 AA.5 Switchboard operator-receptionists ••••••••• Manufacturing •••••••*••••••••••••••••••• T^npn'iflrm'PfletirP'ing Who"l ftsal ft trade .......... . Ratal1 trade ........ . Finance Services ••••••••••••■•••••••••••••••• 253 57 196 90 16 55' 35 AO.O A0.5 AO.O 41.0 AO.O 38.5 AO.O 41.00 42.00 A0.50 A0.50 41.00 A0.00 A2.00 .... Nppmamif*af»t.i^ring 2/ ••••••••••••••«•••••• Whftlftsalft trade .............. . Finance' *** ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 65 55 27 22 39.5 39.5 AO.O 39.0 A8.00 46.50 A9.50 A3.50 Transcribing—Tnftfthine operators* general .... Manufacturing 278 59 219 111 96 39.5 AO.O 39.5 A0.5 38.5 A3.50 A7.00 42.50 A5.00 40.00 Tab*1"!ftti ng—machi ue operators 2/ Wr>pmannf>af> .t, iiT>ipg 2/ ..................... Wholesale trade r.rtt................. Finance ••»•••••••••••••••••••••••• 4k 58 41.0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ■_ 3 _ 8 __ _ .. 8 _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 5 12 6 A 2 20 18 18 14 1 8 1 23 __ M. 5 18 14 1 A A 5 5 9 3 1 5 A 1 _ _ 1 _ _ 15 6 9 16 _ 16 A A 8 _ 20 19 - - _ 6 2 1 57 7 50 1 16 12 21 _ 20 1 6 10 2 1 19 1 1 5 6 6 7 1 6 41 26 — 10 31 25 2 1 3 26 11 A 9 2 38 1A 2A 3 _ 18 3 38 __ 4SL 12 1 26 48 6 33 1 3 7 A 7 13 _ - 2 2 2 1 1 - 7 7 9 1A 31 3A 1 33 18 13 9 7 5 5 - 31 20 11 - 201 55 146 19 48 14 47 18 _ 1A 3 11 - 207 32 175 12 A9 35 53 26 _ 9 - 338. 39 299 ' 18 12A 10 129 18 — 6 73 25 48 6 8 A 230 23 207 15 85 37 A9 21 1A 8 16 A 51 9 81 18 63 11 16 7 27 2 171 6 165 27 25 10 A5 58 9 1 _ A 2 2 — See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 51 76 8 68 11 9 15 21 12 9 7 - A8 7 41 15 2A 1 1 - Al 7 3A 12 19 27 7 20 8 5 5 2 11 3 8 2 1 A 1 15 ___ia 17 15 8 8 6 7 39 25 14 13 - 229 49 180 36 59 22 59 A 2 5 2 2 1 - 23 2 - 2 ____2_ 1 5 1 A - - 1 - - A 8 ____4 ___ 6 A 5 A 20 ___11 8 5 7 15 2 9 2 5 7 13 5 8 8 - 70 8 62 3 25 8 23 3 2 2 2 ____ 1 3 2 2 2 2 - 20 1 19 6 8 2 3 6 6 A - - - 6 6 A - - - 6 6 A - - - - - - - 2 _ __ - 2 - - - - - 2 - 2 - - 2 - - - 2 - - - - - - 23 2 , 21 18 2 7 A 3 1 2 - 2 15 A 11 5 A 1 1 1 - 2 2 - - 1 1 - - - - - _ - A 2 2 - 14 A 10 1 6 3 - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - ■* — — — — - - 4. - 2 2 2 2 2 - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - L 2 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - 1 2 2 2 1 1 - 2 ___ L ___ 2 A 2 A - 4 A A - . _ •» - - - “ — - — — “ — — — — 2 2 l l - - ~ — — — — 9, Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) Number of worker! receiving straight-time weekly earnings of if & $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ « 8> $ s? r $ $ $ ■ $ $ ¥ if $ $ # \f $ Weekly 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 earn and and ings under over 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 4? .o o 47.50 50.00 52,..5,0 55.00 Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers W eeklysch ed u le d hours Women - Continued 43.50 41.00 40.50 41.00 _ - 3 3 3 - 3 3 3 - 40.0 36.50 1 4 0 ,0 0 39.5 37.5 Z1 0 40.5 38.5 40.0 36.00 42.00 21 21 - 131 4 0 .0 2 19 16 58 42 Typists, class A .......................... Manufacturing.......................... Nonmanufacturing 2 / ................. . Wholesale trade ..................... Retail trade ........................ Finance * * ......................... Services ........................... 819 51 768 182 71 353 74 39.5 39.0 39.5 40.5 40.5 39.5 40.0 Typists, class B .......................... Manufacturing.......................... Nonmanufacturing..... ................. Public utilities * .................. • a 4 1 J 851 Retail trade ...................... Finance * * ......... .............. Services .................... ..... 703 28 Xu? 158 237 115 $42.00 49.50 a . 50 17 J ?f 1 - 12 119 1 00 37.00 34.50 34.50 2 1 — — 1/ 2/ * Excludes premium pay for overtime. Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 48 48 12 21 2 159 183 84 2 181 84 - . 62 8 3 69 69 . 2 29 149 2 147 35 15 77 15 145 13 132 35 17 45 17 105 11 94 23 13 50 1 29 2 27 9 2 12 1 34 3 31 7 1 8 7 12 5 7 5 1 1 - 10 7 3 2 4 4 - 1 1 - 2 2 1 3 _ _ 2 2 2 2 1 - 3 - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - 250 100 45 16 35 21 17 4 4 - - 1 _ - _ _ - - - - - - - - 5 2 5 4 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 - - 1 1 - - - - - 2 20 2 - - - - - - - - — - — - - ---Ef — 145 1 42 20 57 25 10 240 4 82 112 54 88 7 17 29 26 56 70 28 9 55 45 3 18 14 7 3 - 8 - - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - — Table 2 .— PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS' (Average earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) Number of $ $ $ $ $ S $ 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 and under 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.0Q 47.50 50.00 5.2^0 Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers Weekly sched uled hours Hourly Weekly earn earn ings ings workers receiving straight-tinle weekly ea]•nings $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 of r “» s? $ $ § & 72.50 75.00 80.00 35.00 90.00 * 95.00 V* ion no l w •Uv and over 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 ??,0Qj JL7,j0 60.00 62.50 65.00 Men Flroft.cmpn .......................... Manufacturing ...................... wonmanufacturing 2/ ......... ....... Services ........................ Draftsmen, iunior 2/ ......... . Manufacturing ...................... . 251 108 143 64 A0.5 40.5 40.5 42.0 $1.75 1.75 1.75 1.30 35 17 AG.O 40.0 26 14 12 39.5 40.0 39.0 $71.00 71.00 71.00 75.50 _ - 5_ 5 ____ 6.____6 ___ 1 L ____ L 3 3 3 13 1 3 3 3 3 ” 5 - 5 - - 1.28 •99 51.00 ____ 1 ____ 1 39.50 3 3 - 6 ____ i ____ l 6 5 1.35 1.33 1.37 53.50 53.00 53.50 5 ____L 6 5 3 1 - - 1 1 4 ____5. 2 2 2 3 6 ___ 23- ____6.____ 5.___2 L 12 21 6 6 8 5 14 2 9 “ 3 4 2 ___ii 6 2 5 2 20 6 — 14 6 4 16 25 22 17 7 10 22 15 7 5 8 _____ i 3 2 8 5 ~ - ____L 2 ____ 1 ____ 1 ____1 - - - - - - - - _ ____ 2L 2 1 2 ____1 1 1 1 2 - - - - - - - - Women Nurses, industrial (registered) Manufacturing ..... .............. . Nonmanufacturing ............. . 1/ 2/ Excludes premium pay for overtime. Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. 053256 0-si__ 3 - _ __ - - - ' ' 4 ____1 2 2 2 1 Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1951 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 1 1 ‘ - 10 Table 3 •— MAINTENANCE AND POWER PLANT OCCUPATIONS Occupation and industry division Number Average hourly of workers earnings $ 1— 0.70 0.75 4 0.80 4 0.85 .80 .85 .90 .75 $1.56 1.54 1.57 1-.71 J /-L 213 139 1.85 1.81 AO 31 in 21 1.47 1.30 1 AT 79 50 29 1.21 1.24 1.18 Machinists. maintenance 2/ .......... Manufacturing ..................... 207 195 1.67 1.70 Mo nn+.onnnf’P men . crer»eT»fi1 n+.il itv .... 169 63 106 60 17 22 1.32 1.39 1.28 1.24 1.34 1.24 P n K H e utiUtiftS * ............ .. Rato■?1 tt p rie 206 46 160 124 20 1.51 1.43 1.51 1.52 1.45 M a /VH oc rnoi 2/ MnmiPpotnTirig .............. ....... 257 193 1.62 1.59 63 1.97 70 1.11 1 T)j.4 />, m tho O/ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MnmrPnetnring ................a.... 72 26 1.80 1.65 _ Pine fitters* maintenance 2/ ....«»«• Mflmif*fieturing ..................... s/ 51 1.82 1.84 Sheet-metal workers» maintenance .... 18 1-91 . cc \>J Manufacturing..... ......... . Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing NoTvmflnnf*pcturint? M n n m f l r m f * 2/ »**..»»*•»**•*« Retail trade Services Mechanics, automotive 1mn 4v\+flWQWAfi I MlT1vrights 1/ 2/ # ** 1.15 * 1.00 •?5 1.00 1.05 _ 153 55 98 Carnenters. maintenance ....... ••••• 0.90 4 0.95 - - - - - - m # .... - 7 4 4 4 4 4 1 3 _ _ _ _ 2 1 1 1 - 2 2 4 4 2 — _2_| 3 1 2 - — _ _ - - 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ - 6 6 «. - _ - - 9 9 3 3 7 7 23 23 35 31 3 2 1 1 - .. 3.-. 5 2 1 2 _ - 20 16 4 4 - 21 5 16 8 4 3 :A3__ 6 7 2 4 ■ 14 _ 3 11 11 - 7 3 4 1 7 1 6 6 10 10 9 1 12 6 6 4 68 3 65 59 4 2Z_ 10 17 • 15 16 12 25 12 11 11 26 23 19 18 is . _ _ 4 — 3 - 4 1 8 8 1 7 _ 8 8 - 8 7 1 9 8 1 4 4 2 2 3 3 6 6 4 _ 1 1 9 9 - 1 4 _ - 11 5 7 6 7 3 5 2 3 - 31 9 22 22 - 7 6 1 - 4 13 13 7 3 _ - - - 3 - _ - - - 4 3 1 2 2 2 - - 2 2 7 7 19 16 9 8 18 15 _ «» _ _ _ _ 50 8 - - - 1 1 5 2 4 3 - - - - - - & 1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $ 2.30 $ 2.40 $ 2.50 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 4 4 11 5 6 — 27 4 23 23 8 4 75 25 1.90 62 62 1 1 - 1.30 9 7 4 4 .19— . 12 4 8 19 8 1 1.70 6 5 - 10 1 9 4 5 1.60 13 12 1 1 3 3 2 1.45 9 4 5 4 — - Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. 10 3 7 7 4 4 _ _ 11 10 1 1 - _ _ 21 7 14 5 14 10 22 12 10 10 - _ 8 5 3 2 - - _ _ 1.40 - 4 .. _ 1.35 - - _ - _ 1.50 1.30 - _ _ _ .. _ 1.25 - 16 16 11 5 _ _ _ 1.20 - - 2 2 2 _ _ 1.15 4 1 _ 1 1 _ _ 1.10 *s receiving straitjht-tiirie hourly earnings of a •*> i $ $ i& n 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 2 1 1 1 - _ _ _ _ _ sP 1.20 4 2 _ 1.05 Number of $ 1.10 1.15 2 _ 7 i 0) (Average hourly earnings 1/ for men in selected occupations by industry division) ___ — — — 4 4 - — _ — — 4__ 12 12 4 ' _ «. — — 9 — - - - - 2 1 1 -13. 5 8 _ _ - - - - _ - _ - 83 83 6 6 3 3 9 9 8 8 2 2 1 1 - - 6 1 5 1 8 5 3 1 2 - _ - - - - — - — - — — - 6 - - - - — _ - 4 4 _ - 10 10 - 3__ - - - - - - - - - - 30 7 _ _ - 6 - - - - - 12 12 - - - — _ - 12 - - - - - 13 7 6 4 6 4 1 1 - 43 2 2 35 2 8 8 - - 11 38 11 _ _ 2 2 - - 2 - 5 4 - 5 1 4 3 6 3 3 2 1 - 2 2 - 2 2 1 1 21 21 1 4 1 - - — ___1_ 3 3 _ __ 3 _ - - - __ 4_ — 9_. 4 9 - 5_.. — _ : Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1951 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 11 Table U .— CUSTODIAL, WAREHOUSING AND SHIPPING OCCUPATIONS (Average hourly earnings 1/ for selected occupations 7j by industry division) See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), oonnnunication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1951 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 12 Table 4.— CUSTODIAL, WAREHOUSING AND SHIPPING OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average hourly earnings l/ for selected occupations 2/ by industry division) Numl)er oi worl:ers 1•eceiving strain $ i i t 1 i i * i 1 * Under 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0 .70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0 .9 5 1.0 0 1 .0 5 1 .1 0 1 . 1 5 $0 .50 1 .2 0 1.10 •55 .60 .65 .70 r?5 ,80 f85 _*2° _t2i 1.0 0 Number of workers Average hourly earnings .99 1.06 .91 - Wholesale trade ........................ . Retail trade *......... *........*.......... 2,494 1,264 1,230 271 789 170 .87 .98 Truck drivers, light (under 1-J tons) ............. Manufacturing................................. Nonmanufacturing ................*.... . Wholesale trade ....... . Retail trade ........... ................. . Services ................... *.......... . 472 19 453 349 77 27 .84 1 .2 8 .82 .81 .85 .81 - '■* Truck drivers, medium (l^ to and including 4 tons) 3/ ....................................... Nonmanufacturing 3/ ........................... Wholesale trade ........... *.......... Retail trade ........ *.................... . 1,124 750 264 133 .98 1.01----.88 1.01 — - Truck drivere, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) 3 / ............................... ....... Nonmanufacturing 3/ .... *..................... Wholesale trade ............................ 243 220 154 1.15 1.15 1.10 *" Occupation and Industry division Stock handlers and truckers, hand ................ Manufacturing ................................. Nonmanufacturing.... *........................ Truckers, power (fork-lift) 3/ ............ ...... Manufacturing................. *....... *..... . _ - 40 22 18 1 11 6 262 50 212 134 56 22 U 3 10 56 36 12 8 14 12 2 3 3 — 10 8 2 125 80 73 7 95 8l 74 7 16 12 4 8 20 20 10 10 39 22 22 229 8 - - 21 21 21 - 30 30 30 - 650 313 337 402 175 227 139 28 111 - - 306 ** 31 208 19 99 12 410 234 176 136 17 23 - - 3 223 112 56 2 — • — 3 3 221 191 23 7 112 93 16 3 - - — - - 301 98 60 38 ■- - • - - 45 45 45 - - - - - — — _ * - 2 2 _ r - m m _ * 10 6 m m ** 11 11 19 9 4 1 14 14 27 17 _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - “ - - - 10 - ■ “ 15 - — 8 8 8 2 2 2 8 8 8 97 44 53 34 24 10 3 3 26 26 - 79 46 33 1 1 - - 4 2 2 46 46 154 152 2 147 147 - - 36 17 6 4 3 - 33 - - 2 46 2 - 2 7 - 2 2 - - 3 - 7 7 2 2 7 7 — — — 3 3 — 22 6 7 1 1 24 id 1 18 18 12 25 18 - 2 1 1 15 10 10 9 9 9 18 14 13 1 10 10 2 - 33 18 43 ___2J___L 37 5 3 21 3 18 18 1 - 11 17 6~ 2 ---z 11 9 8 9 3 155 ~U2 " 226 1.11 ---- 123--- “TH77----- m e hourly earedLnes <)f * 1 $ $ 1 1 $ $ $ 1 * f 1.20 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1 . 1 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1.60 1.70 1.80 1 .9 0 2.00 and 1 .2 5 I mS S l,1 m2 L 1.40 i f45 iiio 1.60 l t70 1,80 1 .9 0 2.0 0 over 70 3 ' " 25 25 2 2 15 15 — 4 4 - - 4 4 - - 120 78 Watchmen ......................................... Manufacturing .......................*......... Nonmanufacturing 2 / ...... .................... Public utilities * ......................... Wholesale trade ............ ......... . Retail trade .................... Services .............. *................... 309 ---- 157 152 42 38 36 25 1/ 2/ 2/ * ** 1.39 1.44 ' .95 — 7ZL ----- .98 1.04 1.16 .89 .80 . - - - - - - 6 1 - 8 8 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 - -- 6 - 1 - - - 1 - 5 1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated. Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities* Finance, insurance, and real estate. 1 - 1 - - ' 22 20 _ 10 10 1 - " “ Truckers, power (other than fork-lift) 3 / ..... . Manufacturing........... *......... .......... 1 — 5 5 5 4 1 1 1 - 4 4 2 2 79 59 20 5 7 6 2 31 11 20 2 3 25 22 3 3 34 9 25 17 8 5 2 3 — 3 25 16 9 5 4 4 6 6 - 18 12 14 4 . 12 1 3 2 8 1 1 4 - - - 20 10 10 2 2 - 6 - 56 56 _ - 12 - _ — - - *“ - : 12 ___ 8 6 4 3 3 3 1 5 2 3 8 3 - - - - 5 2 3 8 3 - - - - 2 3 8 3 - - - - 16 - _ 5 - 13 CHARACIERISHC INDUSTRY OCCUPATIONS (Average earnings in selected occupations in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries) T a b le Occupation and sex Number of workers Average hourly earnings 2/ $0,725 5.— WOMEN’S AND MISSES’ DRESSES l/ tfo.775 $0.80 80.75 80.85 80.90 .85 .90 •95 - 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 1 2 2 7 1 12 2 Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of $0.95 $1.0 0 $1.05 81.10 $1.15 $1 .2 0 $1.25 $1.3 0 $1.35 " I O o 81.45 81.50 8 1.6 0 81.70 81.80 and under ♦75 — .775 .80 1.2 0 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.4 0 1.45 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1.70 1.80 and over - - - 1 - 1 2 - 1 - 1 1 1 - - _ _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - 7 9 3 9 4 - - - - 4 1 1 1 1 - - 6 3 4 1 3 - 1 - — - - - 1.0 0 1.05 1 .1 0 - - - - - 1 - - 2 22 10 17 - 14 2 13 5 10 Men Cutters and markers .......................... 8 $1.50 5 42 7 122 .87 .76 .78 1.00 - 85 16 .94 .77 1 Women Inspectors, final (examiners) ..•••••••....... Pressers, h a n d ....... ...... .. ............ . Sewers, hand ............................ . Sewing-machine operators, section system ...... Sewing-machine operators, single-hand (tailor) system........... ............... Thread trimmers ............................ . 2 39 4 22 11 12 •» — " 1/ Ihe study covered establishments employing more than 7 workers engaged in the manufacture of w>men’s and misses* * dresses. All 8 establishments, employing 343 workers, estimated to be in this industry were studied. Ihe data relate to an August 1950 pay period; in a follow-up check, all establishments reported a general wage adjustment of 5 percent between August 1950 and March 1951. 2/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Thble 6.— MACHINERY INDUSTRIES 1/ Occupation 2/ Number of workers Average hourly earnings 2/ Assemblers, class A ..... ........ . Drill-press operators, single- and multiplespindle, class 5 ...................... Drill-press operators, single- and multiplespindle, class C ......... •••••••.... . Electricians, maintenance ................. Engine-lathe operators, class B ........... Inspectors, class B ...... ••••••••....... . Janitors ........ ....... .......... . Machinists, production .............. •••••• Ibol-and-die makers (other than jobbing ' shops) ................ ............... . Truckers, h a n d ...... ........ ............ Welders, hand, class A .......... ......... Welders, hand, class B .................... 24 $1.46 20 1.15 14 6 15 5 40 94 15 48 25 49 1.07 1.45 1.37 1.15 .91 1.57 1.73 .94 1.52 1.27 0.85 0.90 $ 0.95 .90 ,95 1.00 y r 0.75 and under .80 - 0.80 $ 1.75 1.05 1 ,5 0 1.80 1.10 1,15 1.20 1,2? 1 5 2 3 3 - - _ - - 2 - - - - - — - — - 6 - 8 - 2 - 1 - - _ - - _ 5 9 6 14 4 " $ 1.70 2 — - 8 1.65 1 - “ $ 1.60 - - 5 V 1.55 6 _ - - Nun;ber of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of $ $ $ 9 $ y y y y 1if y 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 2 15 2 6 6 2 7 3 - 5 1.40 i,45 i,?o i,55 1.6o 1.65 1.70 1.75 2 12 3 2 5 - - - 2 3 2 3 — _ _ _ _ - - _ _ 6 - 28 3 4 1 1 1 3 _ _ - - 9 - 2 1 2 3 2 _ - - - 2 4 1 mm _ - - - 1 1 1 - - i,55 5 16 _ _ 2 1 1 - _ _ _ - 3 ■* 1 6 - _ 21 — 17 $ 1.80 and over - - _ 1 ... _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 27 - 1 7 - - _ _ ■ 1/ Ihe study covered establishments employing more than 20 workers in non-electrical machinery industries (Group 35) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1945 edition) prepared by the Bureau of the Budget; machine-tool accessory establishments with more than 7 workers were scheduled. Of the estimated 21 establishments and 1,850 workers in these industries, 12 establishments with 1,401 workers were actually studied, Ihe data relate to a January 1951 pay period; in a follow-up check one establishment reported that a general wage adjustment of 5 ,cents per hour went into effect between January and March 1951. 2/ Data limited to men workers. _ ,. _ TT c A . 3/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night vork. Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1951 * & U. S. DEPARIMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics u, Tati® 7.— DEPARTMENT STORES l/ Occupation and sex Number of workers Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of Average ¥ ¥— ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ------¥ ¥ I---$ ¥ ¥ Weekly Hourly Weekly i — 5 2.50 55.0 0 5 7 .5 0 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 ¥ 37.50 4 0.00 4 2 .5 0 45.00 15.0 0 17.50 20.00 2 2 .5 0 25.00 27.50 30.00 sched earn earn100.00 and uled ii and under 5 hours over 60.00 70.00 30.00 90.00 100.00 J l t l O 2 0 ,0 0 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.0 0 ZL22. 40.00 42.50 45.00 *17.50 50.00 5 2 .5 0 55.0 0 f ‘ f Men Porters, day (cleaners) .......... Sales clerks:* Floor coverings ••••••••....... Furniture and bedding •••••••••• Women's shoes .......... ...... Stockmen, warehouse ............. Tailors, alteration, men's garments 7k 1* 0 .0 $0.75 $ 30.00 16 27 25 k7 1*0 .0 1.75 2.39 70.00 1*0 .0 1*0.0 1*0.0 6 1*0 . 0 22 1*6 93 56 76 1*0 .0 .86 1*0.0 1*0.0 1*0 .0 1*0.0 .80 1 .2 1 .91 1 . 1*1* 1 3 1* 13 7 9 37 2 1 95.50 1*8 .50 36.50 57.50 1 11 9 2 1 10 1* 32.50 35.00 3 5 1 8 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 3 3 2 1 2 5 6 5 9 2 1 4 7 .5 01 50.00 1 2 Women Sales clerks: Boys' furnishings .................... Notions, trimmings ........... ........ Women18 and misses' dresses ••••••••••• Women's and misses' suits and coats ... Stock girls, selling sections ........... l/ 2/ .95 I .05 .56 3k .50 32.00 38.00 1*2 .0 0 2 2 22.50 9 The study covered department stares employing more than 150 workers. Excludes premium pay for overtime. 3 k 2 1 6 1 1 2 13 10 5 1 7 16 15 5 3 3 3 5 10 All k stores in this industry, employing 6,132 workers, were studied. Table 8.— BANKING l/ Occupation and sex Number of workers Weekly sched uled hours Average Hourly earn- Weekly earn- ' f ■if Number of workers receiving straight-time week ly earnings of $40.00 $4 2 .5 0 $45.0 0 $k7.50 $50.00 $5 2.50 $55.0 0 $57.50 $60.00 $ 30.00 and under 32.50 $ 32.50 $35.00 $3 7 .5 0 35.00 3 7 .5 0 40.00 42.50 45.0 0 7 - - 2 3 - 4 7 .5 0 50.00 1 2 3 2 2 55.00 ??♦?<> 5 2 - $62.50 $65,001 $67.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 6 7 .5 0 70.00 - 1 3 - 1* 5 3 - 1 2 _ 1 1 * • Men Cleaners .................................. Tellers, all-around ....................... Tellers, note ..................... ........ 1*2 16 21 1*0.0 1*0.0 1*0 .0 $0.81* 1.39 1.35 $33.50 5 5 .5 0 54.00 22 - 11 - 165 61* 102 156 1*0 .0 1*0.0 1*0 .0 1*0.0 .98 .95 1.00 1.18 39.00 38.00 40.00 4 7.0 0 10 6 - 26 11 11 2 28 20 23 6 39 9 21 11 29 7 19 18 20 7 ll* 35 8 5 20 1* 2 7 20 1 2 2 12 13 8 . 5 2 112 1*0 .0 1.1k 4 5 .5 0 «• 5 9 26 21* 12 9 8 10 6 2 1 - - Women Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B .... Clerks, transit ........................... Proof-machine operators.... ••••••••••••••• Stenographers, general ...... .............. Tellers, paying or paying and receiving, commercial ..............•••••• ' l/ The study c o vered est a b l i s h m e n t s in the b a n k i n g industry w i t h more t h a n 20 w o r k e r s . studied. 2 Ex c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y for overtime. ] O f the e s timated 9 esta b l i s h m e n t s a n d 2,1*98 w o r k e r s in t his industry, 7 establ i s h m e n t s a n d 2 ,0 7 1 w o r k e r s w e r e a c t ually O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e Survey, Atlan t a , Georgia, M a r c h 1951 TJ.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR B u r e a u o f L a b o r Statistics 15, Table 9.— POWER LAUNDRIES 3.] Average hourly earnings 2/ Number of workers Occupation and sex Num ber of workers receiv ing str,aight-t ime kouxly earnings 0 — *0.50 $0 .55 l o r *o.b5 *0 .75 $0.80 $0.85 i c f r $0 .95 "$0.30 and under *0 .35 i — -•35 .Uo to .5 0 - — - T “ “ w *1 .0 0 *1 .0 5 "*1 . 1 0 1$1.15 and over .60 .65 .70 .7 5 .80 ♦85 .90 .95 1.0 0 1 .0 5 1.10 1 .1 5 2 ** 1 6 - 4 8 1 5 4 ,3 16 6 4 5 1 2 4 7 _ 5 19 - 1 3 7 _ 9 4 8 4 - -_ - 7 12 4 20 7 7 _ 6 l 5 27 40 8 32 .. 13 3 — - 2 - 1 - - - 10 10 20 13 2 2 2 11 3 3 5 2 5 _ 7 7 2 10 4 .5 8 8 31 Ob 20 46 10 3 7 1 1 4 - l - - _ - _ _ - _ _ - - - 2 10 - 4 6 13 _ 11 — - *_ - - .5 5 Men $0.84 ♦73 ♦78 •°7 28 54 10 58 Clerks, retail receiving ....................... — ** 7 Women .67 J k Finishers, flatwork, machine, t o t a l ............ .41 ♦59 ♦72 1?1 25 3f 141 Prossers, machine, shirt, total ♦57 ...... ........ _ l l :8. .5 5 % 182 l l 21 1/ The study covered, power laundries with more than 20 workers. Z j Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. ,-,r4 .J ii 3 b 5 1 18 18 40 40 — 3 2 28 24 4 25 25 lb 100 55 45 % i27 1 1 8 *2 19 23 17 k 4 3 : — — *■ ' Of the estimated 40 establishments and 2,384 workers in this industry, 16 establishments with 1,275 workers were actually studied. — - Table 10.— AUTO REPAIR SHOPS 1/ Occupation 2/ Body repairmen, metal ........ Electricians, automotive, total T i m e .................... Incentive ............... Greasers ........................... Mechanics, automotive, class A, total T i m e ........................... Incentive.... ................. Mechanics, automotive, class B, total T i m e ........................... Incentive ...................... Washers, automobile................. Number of workers 152 S Average hourly earnings 2/ 1.89 ell d l 80 92 and under .7 0 w w •75 io*r w .80 .85 _ $l.7>* 1.87 i.s4 17 4 w •9° _ dumber of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of ~ 1 0 3 1 0 5 " 1 0 3 $2.00 * 5 3 5 * 0 3 f T a c $1.20 n t w $1.*K> 1 0 3 •95 _ 1.0 0 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 1.30 1 .U0 1.50 5 2 4 2 3 22 1 1 _ l - 2 18 12 15 7 1 S _ !:£ _ 1.14 1.08 - _ _ 2 2 _ 21 _ 13 4 4 - 18 18 4 4 _ _ _ _ 22 26 10 2 2 14 51 28 23 2 39 lb 23 ?g 19 19 5*+ 33 21 3? 24 8 6? 44 20 3° 15 15 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 31 2 2 18 5 149 120 29 9 1 49 8 4l 5 9 5 K ./ 33 2 31 - 1.80 15 2 2 1.9 0 2.00 15 4 5 - 2 27 2.20 13 11 $2.46 $2.66 2 .U0 2.60 2.80 15 1 l l 4 1 X - 10 _ 10 4 _ «. 10 10 4 - _ - - - - l 14 49 32 — 54 1 27 1 - l4 49 32 - - J z M - 3.00 1 _ - 1/ The study covered establishments with more than 4 workers in general automobile repair shops (Group 753s) motor vehicle dealer establishments, new and used (Group 551) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual ( 1 9 % edition) prepared by the Bureau of the Budget. Of the estimated 66 establishments and 3#l45 workers in these industries, 18 establishments with 1,409 workers were actually studied. Data limited to men workers. Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, January 1951 Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work, TJ.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics sf 16, UNION WAGE SCALES (Minimum wage rates and maximum straight-time hours per week l / agreed upon through collective bargaining between employers and trade unions. Rates and hours are those in effect April 1, 1951) Table 12.— BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - Continued Table 11, — BAKERIES Classification Bread and cake— Machine shops: Agreement A: Bread mixers and ovenmen.......... . Checkers, wrapping-machine operators ... Agreement B: Bread: Foremen ••••••••••..••••••*•••*••.•«« Dough mixers, ovenmen •••••.••••••••• Benchmen, rolling machine, moldermen. Checkers ........................ Bread rackers, oven helpers, pan greasers, (after 6 months); wrappingmachine helpers •••••••••»»••••••••. Cake: Foremen ........... ........................ Rate per hour Hours per week 40 $1.38 1.28 ko 1.52 1.32 1.21 1.19 1.16 40 40 40 40 40 .95 40 1.45 1.30 40 4-0 Ingredient scalers, and scaling-machine 1.09 40 .92 .82 40 40 Rate per hour Rate per hour Hours per week $2.25 1.50 1.75 40 40 40 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.00 2.50 2.0Q 2.10 2.50 2.60 2.00 1.75 2.00 2.20 2.25 2.25 2.50 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 AO AO 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.10 1.05 1.82 1.10 1.05 40 40 40 40 40 Journeymen Table 13.— LOCAL TRANSIT OPERATING EMPLOYEES Electricians (inside wiremen) .............. 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.50 AO 1.50 1.75 40 40 Engineers - Power equipment operators Bulldozersx Under 40 horsepower.............. . Over 40 horsepower ...... ••••••••••••••• l/ Hours per week are shown only for industries reporting a regular workweek after which premium overtime was paid. Classification Busses and trackless trolleys: First 6 months ................. 7-12 months ....... ...... .............. After 1 y e a r ....... .............. . Feeder busses: First 6 months ..... .................. 7-12 months..... ............ ......... After 1 y e a r ............. .••«••• Rate per hour $1.30 1.36 1 M I.25 1.31 1.35 Rate per hour Baggage..... Helpers ..... ............... ... #1.320 .... ... •7 •••.••••••••••• jy J Hours per week 40 /o ••••••• ••900 Bakery .......................__ ___ _____ ttt 1*200 Beer - Keg drivers 1.335 AO 1.150 1.020 48 48 1*250 1.050 AO 1.200 48 1.250 40 1.235 40 1.490 1.390 40 53 1.321 1*344 1*367 1.380 1.413 1*436 1*459 1.482 1.505 1*528 1*541 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.585 1*725 40 40 •••••••• General-Freight, city delivery Helpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grocery - Chain store* Agreement A Helpers •«••••*••.»•*••••••••••••••••••«,. Agreement B *............................ ........... . Grocery - Wholesale: (After 30 days) • Lard and vegetable products Hours per week $2.50 2.35 2.75 2.00 2.20 2.50 2.52 14-— MOTORTRUCK DRIVERS AND HELPERS Classification Armored cars Helpers and laborers Bricklayers' tenders ..... •••••••». Building laborers..... ........ . Elevator constructors' helpers ••••, Plasterers' laborers •••••••••••«•• Plumbers' laborers ............ . Table 12.— BUIIDING CONSTRUCTION Classification Engineers-Power equipment operators - Continued Crane, derrick and dragline •••••...... Pumps rollers ••.... Scrapers .................. ........... Tractors: 4-0 horsepower and under ••••••••••••••».. Over 40 horsepower.... ............ •• Trenching machines .••••*•••••*....... . Glaziers ....... ........... .......... . Lathers •••••.... •••••* Painters, brush.•••••••••••••••••••••• Paperhangers...... ................. . Plasterers............. ••••••••. Plumbers •••••.......... ....... . Rodmen .............. . Roofers, composition ........ . Roofers, slate and tile.... . Sheet-metal workers....... . Sign painters...... . Structural and ornamental iron workers * Tile layers....................... . . leers, wrappers, packers, cutters, (after 6 months) cake-wr&pping -machine Classification T a b le City drivers - zn 40 Packing house: • Meat - Packing house* Agreement A ............................... Agreement B • Oil: First 6 months 7-12 months • 13-18 months • 19-24 months •. . . . ................ 25-30 months • ................ •••••••*..•* 31-36 months 37-42 months •••••*••••••••••••••••••••••.•. 43-48 months •••••••••••..... 49-54 months •••••••••**»••••*.•••...«••*»** 55-60 months ••••••••••*••...•••• After 5 years ••••••••••..•••. .-»**»••*•••»» Railway express t Pick-up and delivery .............. . Money pick-up AO Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, Itarch 1951 U . S . DEPARTMENT OP LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 17, UNION WAGE SCALES - Continued Classification Rate per hour Table 17.— SHIFT DIFFERENTIAL PROVISIONS Table 16.— MINIMUM ENTRANCE RATES FOR PLANT WORKERS l/ Table 15.— PRINTING Hours per week Minimum rate (in cents) All establishments ...... Percent of plant 2/ workers in establishments with specified minimum rates in - _____ An Whole Retan Public Manu sale indus Services trade facturing utilities* trade tries 3/ 100.0 100.0 100.0 — 2.5 37.2 2 .6 A.8 A.8 2 .8 3.1 3.2 A.3 3.8 1.7 A.A 9.7 1 .0 10.9 3.2 — 1A.3 57.7 13.7 11.5 2.5 - 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.0 25 .0 18.0 — 3.3 8 .2 30.7 .9 — 2 .6 13.5 1 .1 - Percent of plant workers employed on each shift Shift differential Book and job shops* Bindery w o m e n ........ Bookbinders .......... Compositors, h a n d .... Electrotypers ........ Machine operators ..... Mailers .............. Photoengravers ....... Press assistants and feeders ............ Pressmen, cylinder .... 2 -color presses .... Rotary and offset presses ......... Pressmen, platen ..... $1,2 5 0 2 .4 16 2.480 2.608 2.480 2.267 2.693 37* 37* 37* 37* 37* 37* 37* 1.637 2.427 2.533 37* 37* 37* 2.597 2.427 37* m Newspapers: Compositors, hand: Day work .......... Night work ........ 2.533 2.613 37* 37* Machine operators: Day work .......... 2.533 37* Mailers: Day work .......... Night w o r k ........ 1.975 2.107 ao 37* n o ................... Over n o and under n 5 ... n 5 ..................... Over n 5 and under 120 ... 1 2 0 ..................... Over 120 and under 125 ... 125 and over ............ Photoengravers: Day w o r k ........ . • Night work ........ 2.693 2.853 37* 37* Pressmen, web presses: Day work .......... Night work ........ 2.453 2 .5 6 1 37* 37* Pressmen-in-charge: Day work .......... Night work ........ 2.673 2.781 37* 37* Stereotypers: Day work .......... Night work ........ 2.533 2.6U 37* 37* 1133230 0 — 31-------2 AO or u n d e r ............. Over AO and under A 5 .... A 5 ...................... Over A5 and under 5 0 .... 50 ................. . Over 50 and under 5 5 .... 5 5 ...................... Over 55 and under 60 .... 60 ...................... Over 60 and under 6 5 .... 65 ...................... Over 65 and under 7 0 .... 7 0 ...................... Over 70 and under 7 5 .... 7 5 ...................... Over 75 and under 80 ..... 80 ...................... Over 80 and under 8 5 .... 85 ...................... Over 85 and under 9 0 .... 90 ...................... Over 90 and under 9 5 .... 9 5 ................ . Over 95 and under 100 .... 1 0 0 ..................... Over 100 and under 105 ... 105 ..................... Over 105 and under 110 ... Establishments with no established minimum ... 2 .8 .1 A.6 3.3 — .6 2 .8 .2 2.3 .8 36.8 1.5 3.7 2 .A 3.7 3.A 1.9 3.6 2.7 1 .1 2.5 A.9 (4/) .8 5.5 1 .6 6 .A . — .3 — _ — 7A.9 1 .6 1.7 1 .0 1 .1 2 .6 6 .A 2 .0 - .1 2.2 6 .A 2 .8 A.3 7.8 5.6 n.9 1 0 .1 An manufacturing industries 1 / Machinery 3rd or other shift 2nd shift 3rd or other shift 2nd shift Percent of workers on extra shifts, a n estabnshments.............. 13.3 A .8 2 .8 - Receiving shift differentials..... 8 .6 2.A 2.A - Uniform cents (per hour) ........ 8 .2 2 .2 2.A - Under 5 cents ............... 5 cents .................... Over 5 and under 10 cents .... 10 cents ................... . Over 10 cents ............... 3.8 3.1 .6 _ _ _ .6 .7 .A 1 .6 .1 .1 1 .8 — Uniform percentage ............. .A .2 - - - - - - .2 (2/) — — 2. A .A - Under 5 percent ............. 5 percent .................. Over 5 and under 10 percent .. Receiving no differential......... - .A — A.7 - .2 5 1.0 l/ Lowest rates formally established for hiring either men or women plant workers, other than watchmen. 2/ Other than office workers. 2/ Excludes data for finance, insurance, and real estate. U/ Less than 0.05 of 1 percent. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. l/ 2/ Includes data for industries other than those shown separately. Less than 0.05 of 1 percent. Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 18.— SCHEDULED WEEKLY HOURS Perce Weekly hours All establishments........ ................. 35 hours ................................... Over 15 a»d under 38 3/^ h o u r s ........... ... 38 3/4 ho u r s ............................... Over 3^ 3/^ and under HO hours ........... ... HO hours .......... ......................... Over HO and under H5 h o u r s .................. H5 hour8 .................................... Over H5 and under US h o u r s .................. H8 h o u r s ................................... Over H8 and under 50 hours .................. 50 h o u r s ................................... Over 50 h o u r s ....... ....................... All industries 100.0 2 .1 15.9 3.6 3.8 67.5 6 .3 .6 .1 .1 Manufacturing 100.0 Public utilities"1 100.0 _ 12 .6 72 .2 1 1 .6 3.6 - 19.9 .6 75.2 3.* .9 - Wholesale trade 100.0 2.9 H.2 79.0 13.9 - Retail trade 100.0 Percent of ■plant 1 / workers employed in - Finance** Services Manufacturing 2/ 100.0 100.0 100.0 13.1 1 0 .1 1 1 .2 65.6 - 6 .1 3.9 77.9 8.8 2.7 .6 — 0.6 .2 75.0 5.6 2.9 .7 3.5 .7 2.9 2.9 _ 3.2 85.0 9 .2 2 .3 .3 - All industries 100.0 Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.0 _ _ 0.3 78.3 87.0 .5 1 6 .7 - 9.H 2.8 _ «. 63.3 15.7 .1 .8 H.5 6.6 8.8 .2 _ 66.2 12.9 2.0 3.3 10.6 Z) * ** 18.0 1.0 k .k K o 1.1 ' 1j 26.6 15.8 3^.1 Other than office workers. Excludes data for finance, insurance, and real estate. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. Table 19.— PAID HOLIDAYS Percent of office workers employed in Number of paid holidays All industries Manufacturing Public utilities* 100.0 100.0 100.0 days ......... ................... .... 5 d a y s .... .............................. 5h d a y s ....................... ......... 6 d a y s .................................. 6|> days ........................ * 7 d a y s ............................ ..... 8 d a y s ................. ................ 9 d a y s .................................. 12 days ................................. 99.8 .2 .1 l.H .1 38.6 1 1 .0 32.1 1 .2 6.H 5.^ 3.1 .2 100.0 l.H 2.0 29.0 62.3 5.1 .2 - 100.0 M.3 Establishments providing no paid holidays .... .2 All establishments ......................... Establishments providing paid holidays...... 2 d a y s .... .............................. ■5 days .......... ................ ....... 1j 2j 2/ * ** 56.5 2 .2 - other than office workers. Excludes data for finance, insurance, and real estate. Less than 0.05 of 1 percent. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. ! All industries Percent of plant If workers employed i n - Retail trade Finance** 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.7 .1 35.5 .3 60.9 2.2 .7 - 100.0 3.7 20.0 66.5 9.8 - 100.0 1.3 H7 .6 2 .1 9.3 2 .1 lH.H 12 .3 10.1 .8 99.1 1.3 2 .5 .9 H9 . 1 2 1.0 9.0 15.3 - 82.7 .9 .5 3.9 1 .0 29.9 9.6 30 .2 73.7 1.8 1.2 2 1.0 Hl.l 8.6 - 100.0 5 2.2 33.6 lH.2 - 83.7 96.6 80,8 .9 17.3 Wholesale trade .3 Services Manufacturing 2/ Occupational Wage'Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1951 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 6 .6 .1 - Public utilities* - 26.3 - Wholesale trade Retail trade Services - - HH.6 1 .6 33.3 <2/) 2.5 - 5.8 31.7 51.1 8.0 - H.H 30.H 13.7 27.2 1 6 .3 3.H 19.2 1.7 - 3.1 2.0 - 19 Table 20.— PAID VACATIONS (FORMAL PROVISIONS) Percent of plant 1/ workers employed in Vacation policy All industries Manufacturing All establishments ........ ................ . 100.0 100.0 65.8 3.1 47.0 10.8 M 34.2 Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade 100.0 100.0 100.0 62.5 «.3 3 7 .1 1 6 .5 .6 37.5 59.^ 59.^ 4o.6 58.3 1.1 *1 . 3 1 5 .6 * 5 .5 41.7 5 * .5 99.5 .2 27.5 .5 71.3 .5 100.0 100.0 55.5 99.9 .21+.6 M 9 7 .3 99.2 •2 10.1 .5 #6.2 2.8 .2 100.0 1.8 21.7 .2 76.3 ** 99.8 4.1 .1 90.1 5.5 .2 100.0 4.8 .2 95.0 - Finance** Services All industries 2/ Manufacturing Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 84.1 6 1 .2 7.4 15.5 15.9 63.5 .7 35.2 27.6 36.5 38.5 11.8 25.6 .9 .2 61.5 34.4 17.1 16.5 .8 54.0 _ 54.0 - 47.7 14.6 33.1 12.8 2.7 10.1 65.6 46.0 41.7 1.9 33.6 4.6 1 .6 58.3 52.3 87.2 100.0 4.5 95.5 - 98.7 1 6 .5 82.2 1.3 94.0 .6 68.6 .3 24.5 6.0 95.9 l.l 85.6 _ 9.2 4.1 100.0 » 43.0 2 .5 54.5 80.1 _ 94.7 89.9 37.7 7 3 .6 .1 6U.3 33.0 2 .7 100.0 5 .3 94.7 “ 99.9 1 5 .0 1 .6 83.3 .1 100.0 8 .3 .7 77.8 13.2 - 100.0 4.5 91.7 3.8 - 98.7 9.8 88.9 !.3 94.9 .6 51.9 1.7 38.3 2.4 5.1 95.9 l.l 78.6 1.6 14.6 4.1 100.0 - 100.0 i.7 98.3 - 9 9 .9 100.0 3.4 •8 77.1 I8 .7 100.0 .5 91.4 8 .1 98.7 9.5 85.7 3.5 1.3 94.9 19.8 l.l 70.9 3.1 5.1 95.9 25.1 .5 70.3 100.0 2 .7 - 6 months of service Establishments with paid vacations.......... Under 1 week ............................ 1 week .................................. Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s .............. . 2 weeks ................................. Establishments with no paid vacations....... 14.1 31.4 - 1 year of service Establishments with paid vacations.......... Under 1 w e e k ............................ 1 w e e k ................................. Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s ................ 2 w eeks.... ....... ................. . Establishments with no paid vacations....... 1 .8 3*.7 59.5 - 1 .1 43.4 - 55.1 73.8 42.4 19.9 39.6 5.3 1 6 .1 10.1 80.1 _ 2U.1 98.0 _ 94.3 63I6 19.9 1 5 .3 4 .7 64.8 1 3 .2 2.0 80.1 13 .0 _ 66.3 .8 19.9 98.0 2.8 4.7 74.2 16 .3 2.0 2 years of service Establishments with paid vacations .......... Under 1 w e e k .............. ............. 1 w e e k ................................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks ................. 2 weeks ........ ......................... Over 2 weeks .......................... •• Establishments with no paid vacations....... 14.5 , 85.5 - 56.0 _ 30.7 5.7 5 years of service Establishments with paid vacations .......... 1 week ................................. . Over 1 and under 2 w e eks .... ......... . 2 weeks ................................. Establishments with no paid vacations....... 2j 2/ * ** Other than office workers. Excludes data for finance, insurance, and real estate. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication,and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. 7.6 90.6 1.7 .1 4.1 97.3 94.3 63.6 30.7 5.7 1951 Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, March U.S. DEPARTMENT OP LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 20, Table a . — PAID SICK LEAVE (FOBMAL PROVISIONS) f’erce ni of office woi Provisions for paid sick leave All industries Manufacturing Public utilities* rr Wholesale trade it - — Retail trade Percent of plant l/ workers employed in Finance** Services All industries Public utilities* Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 49.4 28.4 21.0 _ _ _ 10.5 2.6 2.4 4.S .6 .1 7.6 1.8 3.6 2.2 5.0 50.6 89.5 92.4 95.0 49.4 14.2 21.0 l4.2 - 21.7 1 3 .2 1 6 .1 11.2 7.3 1.2 .1 - 9.2 l.S 3*7 12.4 3f All establishments ............................ 100.0 100.0 24.1 1.1 6.4 3.0 27.S S.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3 7 .1 2.2 3^.9 - ' - 21.0 3.7 7.5 1.5 3 .5 .2 4.6 8.7 l.S 2.3 1.7 2.9 - 28.6 9.1 IS. 2 5.5 3.8 8.9 9.o .6 1 .2 4.6 2,6 100.0 Services 6 months of service Establishments with formal provisions for paid sick l e a v e ..... .......................... . Under 5 d a y s .................... ........ 5 d a y s ................................... 6 or 7 days *...... ....................... 10 d a y s .................................. 12 days *................... ............. 13 days .................................. 15 days .................................. 21 d a y s .................................. 22 d a y s ............ ........... .......... Establishments with no formal provisions for paid sick l e a v e .......................... . - 3.7 1.3 M 1.8 .3 1.2 .5 1.1 6.6 1.3 4.3 - 75.9 72.2 62.9 79.0 91.3 71.4 Si. S' 9 1.0 30.5 .9 8.6 3.0 9.4 3.5 3 7 .1 3**.9 2.2 - 40. S 19.6 4.2 .2 7*3 4.4 - 10.5 4.1 l.S 2.9 1.7 - 31.5 2.9 6 .1 1-3 S.i 6.9 3.9 1-3 1 .0 23.9 - ■ 5-7 4.7 .4 .5 1.7 1.0 .3 27.8 S.2 5*6 6.6 3.1 4.3 - 1 2 .1 3.2 3.8 2.7 2.2 .1 .1 -. 69.5 72.2 62.9 59.2 89.5 6S. 5 7 6 .1 87.9 100.0 50.6 78.3 86.8 83.9 37.6 7.6 2.S 10.6 2.1 1.0 1.6 .4 •5 .6 1.0 9.4 36.4 S.2 5.6 6.6 42.7 16 .S 5.1 7.0 .2 - 44.9 4.1 16 .6 2.S 3.4 3.1 2.5 1.5 - 1 6 .1 3 .7 12„4 4.1 _ _ _ _ _ _ .1 .1 3.1 2.S 2.S — - 24.8 7.8 7 .3 4.6 .1 4 .4 6 .5 23.9 5.5 5.7 9.0 4.7 -* 24.3 9.2 2.9 3.5 3**.*+ 31.5 5.0 1.3 9*6 1.7 - ' 5.2 1-3 7.4 5 5 .5 H S.6 4.3 - 50.6 3 M 2 .2 “ 13.5 62.4 63.6 ^9.H 5 7 .3 55.1 68.5 7 6 .1 83*4 97.2 6.4 5.2 1.0 3-9 - - - 100.0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 year of service Establishments with formal provisions for paid sick l e a v e ............................... . Under 5 days *.... ................ ....... 5 days ........................... ........ 6 or 7 days .............................. 10 days ............ ................... . 12 days .................................. 15 d a y s ................................ .. 20 days .................................. . 21 days .................................. 22 days ...... ............................ 25 d a y s ....... ............ ..... . Over 25 days ...... ........... ...... . Establishments with no formal provisions for paid sick leave ............................ 4.6 - - - 2.2 _ _ 1.1 .8 - _ _ _ 5 years of service Establishments with formal provisions for paid sick l e a v e ..... ..................... . 5 days ................................... b or 7 d a y s .... ................... ...... 10 days ................................... 12 days *....... .......... ............... 15 d a y s .................................. IS d a y s .................................. 20 days .................................. 21 d a y s ..... ..................... ....... 22 days .................................. 25 days ................................... Over 25 days ...................... ...... Establishments with no formal provisions for paid sick leave ............................ a 7/ ▼ ** Excludes data for finance, insurance, and real estate. Less than 0*05 of 1 percent. Transportation (excluding railroads), communications, and other public utilities. Finance, Insurance, and real estate. - 14.2 21.0 14.2 * - 6 .1 l.l .8 3.1 11.0 44.5 75.2 75.7 - 83.9 U.S. DEPARTMENT OP LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 22.— UOHPSODUCTION BOHTJSES Percent of office workers employed in Type of bonus All establishments ........................ Establishments with nonproduction bonuses Ji/ Christmas or year-end ......... ......... Profit-sharing........................ . O t h e r ................................ . Establishments with no nonproduction bonuses I All industries Manufacturing 100.0 100.0 38.9 35.6 4.0 1.0 6l.l 3^.7 37-4 10.3 6 1.3 Public utilities* Percent of plant 1/ workers employed in All industries Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade Wholesale trade Retail trade 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.9 7.9 92.1 29.5 25.5 3.1 2.0 70.5 54.3 53.^ .9 .8 45.7 *6.0 38.1 6 .1 1.5 55.0 57.2 57.2 42.8 36.3 32.6 4.6 63.7 24.4 21.7 5.5 IS.a 7.3 11.5 81.2 45.1 39.0 2.2 6.1 54.9 73.2 7 2 .2 1 .0 3.0 26.S 41.5 41.5 - Finance** Services Manufacturing Services 2/ - 75.6 _ 58.5 Other than office workers. Excludes data for finance, insurance, and real estate. TJnduplicated total. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. Table 23.— INSURANCE JUJD PENSIOH PLAITS Percen t of office wo]rkers employed in Public utilities* Retail trade o£ plant 1/ workers employed in - All industries Manufac tur ing All establishments.......... ......... .... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Establishments with insurance or pension plans 2/ ............................... Life insurance ........................ . Health insurance ........................ Hospitalisation ................ ........ Retirement pension.................... . Establishments with no insurance or pension plans .................................. 95.5 87.0 40.5 60.6 56.7 98.5 94.2 48.2 77.3 39.8 100.0 92.8 6 1.2 13.6 89.8 90.3 80.0 46.5 64.5 38.7 9 3 .1 90.2 2 9 .1 6 7 .1 83.4 98.9 84.7 35.0 7 1 .0 68.5 9 1.4 9 1 .4 26.3 44.9 1 7 .& 90.2 87.3 5i.i 56.0 33.7 95.8 92.6 6 0 .1 64.6 23.6 100.0 98.9 56.9 27.1 57.1 4.5 1 .5 9.7 6.9 1.1 8.6 9.8 4.2 Type of plan Wholesale trade £erceni All industries Finance** Services Manufacturing 1/ Public utilities* — Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100.0 100.0 100.0 * 78.3 68 .7 34.0 56.9 I8.9 92.0 92.0 40.6 5 6 .6 67.4 48.5 48.5 29.0 41.5 3.0 21.7 8.0 51.5 ‘ '1/ 2/ 3/ ■* ** Other than office workers. Excludes data for finance, insurance, and real estate. TJnduplicated total. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Georgia, M a r c h 1951 U.S. DEPART M E N T O F LABOR Bureau of L a b o r Statistics 22. Appendix A - Scofte and Method of Sutuey With the exception of the union scale of rates, information presented in this bulletin was collected by visits of field representatives of the Bureau to representative establishments in the area surveyed. In classifying workers by occupation, uniform job descriptions were used; they are presented in Appendix B. Six broad industry divisions were covered in compiling earnings data for the following types of oc cupations: (a) office clerical, (b) professional and technical, (c) maintenance and power plant, and (d) cus todial, warehousing and shipping (tables 1 through 4). The covered industry groupings are: manufacturing; transportation (except railroads), communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Information on work schedules and supplementary benefits was also obtained in a representative group of establishments in each of these industry divisions. As indi cated in table A, only establishments above a certain size were studied. Smaller establishments were omitted because they furnished insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant their inclusion in the study. Among the industries in which characteristic jobs were studied, minimum size of establishment and extent of the area covered were determined separately for each industry, and are indicated in table B. Al though size limits frequently varied from those established for surveying cross-industry office and plant jobs, data for these jobs were included only for firms which satisfied the size requirements of the broad in dustry divisions. A greater proportion of large than of small establishments was studied in order to maximize the number of workers surveyed with available resources. Bach group of establishments of a certain Aize, however, was given its proper weight in the combination of data by industry and occupation. The earnings information in the report excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Nonproduction bonuses are also excluded, but incentive.earnings, including commissions for salespersons, have been included for those workers employed under some form of incentive wage system.. Where weekly hours sire reported as for office clerical, they refer to the work schedules for which the salaries are paid rounded to the near est half hour; average weekly* earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest 50 cents. The number of workers presented refers to the estimated, total employment in all establishments within the scope of the study and not to the number actually surveyed. Data are shown only for full-time workers, i.e., those who were hired to work the establishment *s full-time schedule of .hours for the given occupational classifi cation. Information on wage practices refers to all office workers and to all plant workers as specified in the individual tables. It is presented in terms of the proportion of all workers employed in offices(or plant departments) that observe the practice in question, except in the section relating to women office workers of the table summarizing scheduled weekly hours. Because of eligibility requirements, the proportion actually receiving the specific benefits may be smaller. The summary of vacation and sick leave plans is limited to formal arrangements. It excludes informal plans whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer or other supervisor. Sick leave plans are further limited to those providing full pay for at least some amount of time off without any provision for a waiting period preceding the payment of benefits, and exclude health insurance even though it is paid for by employers. Health insurance is included, however, under tabulations for insurance and pension plans. Table A. — ESTABLISHMENTS AND WORKERS IH MAJOR INDUSTRY DIVISIONS IN ATLANTA, GEORGIA AND NUMBER STUDIED BY THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, MARCH 1951 Item flumbqr of establishments Estimated Estimated Estimated total total in all Studied total in all industries industries within scope of study 2/ ______i / _ it Employment Estimated In establishments total studied within scope Total Office of study 2/ Industry Division Manufacturing.............................. Transportation (except railroads), com munication, and other public utilities .... Wholesale trade .......................... Retail trade ............................ Finance, insurance, and real estate ...... Services: Industries covered 3/ ................. Industries not covered ................. 11,088 1,028 10,060 688 97 591 201 39 162 202,800 61.600 11+1,200 1$ 3.*32 1,205 19 252 52 117 11 1*6 25 39 21,300 28,000 1*5,1+00 15,000 M95 1.319 151 - 1+1 - 20,1*00 11,10 0 111,10 0 1*2 ,1+00 68,700 13.700 18,000 18,100 9,800 9.100 - . 65.530 25.790 39.7^0 11+.1+20 1,730 12,690 11.990 5.920 . 13,070 1+.920 2,760 2,220 2,560 1+.100 3 .8I+0 - 1,050 - Size of Establishment All size groups ............................... 1,0 0 1 and over .............................. 501 - 1,000 ................................ 2 5 1 - 5 0 0 .................................. 101 - 250 .................................. 51 - 100 ................................... 21 - 50 .................................... 1 - 2 0 ..................................... 11,089 15 23 5* 155 32U 735 9.7«2 688 15 2? 5* 155 128 313 (2/) 201 ik 17 28 6l ?8 k3 <2/) 202,800 31,100 16,700 19,100 23.700 23,000 28,1*00 60,800 111,10 0 31,100 16,700 19,100 23.700 8,700 11,800 (2/) 65,530 29,110 12,590 9,900 9,580 2,670 1,680 (2/) lU,l+20 !*.510 2,630 2,610 2,880 1 ,01+0 750 (2/) l/ Includes establishments with 1 or more workers in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area (Cobb, DeKalb, and Fulton Counties). 2f The survey of office,professional and technical, maintenance and power plant, custodial, warehousing and shipping jobs reported in tables 1 , 2 , 3 , and 1* was limited to establishments with more than 100 workers in manufacturing, transportation (except railroads), communication, and other public utilities, and retail trade, and to establishments with more than 20 workers in wholesale trade, finance, insurance, and real estate, and service industries; exceptions made in industries in which characteristic jobs were surveyed are Indicated in table B. 2/ Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair services; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures: nonprofit membership organizations; and engineering and architectural services. Table B.— ESTABLISHMENTS AND WORKERS IN SELECTED INDUSTRIES IN ATLANTA, GEORGIA AND NUMBER STpDIED BY THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, MARCH 1951 1/ Number of establishments Selected industries in which characteristic jobs were surveyed 2/ Women*s and misses* dresses..... Machinery industries ............... Department stores............. .... Banking Power laundries ................... Auto repair shops .................. Minimum size of estab lishment studied 3/ 21 21 150 21 21 5 Employment Estimated Estimated I * total total estab Studied within within lish scope of ments scope of study study studied 8 21 8 12 k Q 1+0 66 7 16 18 5*3 1.850 6 ,110 2.322 2,563 3 . 1*5 6,110 2,021 l ! 3!53 x 1,^05 1J Industries surveyed in months other than March 1951 were: Women*s and misses* dresses, August 1950 and Machinery, January 1951. 2/ Industries are defined in footnotes to tables 5 through 10. Establishments manufacturing machine-tool accessories with 8 or more workers were included. A p p e n d ix B ■ JbeA crU pdieuA . o f O c c u p a tio u A S tu d ie d 23 Office - Continued The primary purpose of the Bureau* s Joh descriptions is to assist its field staff in classifying workers who are employed under a variety of pay-roll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area, into appropriate occupations. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of oc cupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In view of these special characteristics of the Bureau's job descriptions, their adoption without modification by any single establish ment or for any other purpose than that indicated herein is not recommended. Where office workers regularly perform duties classified in more than one occupation, they are generally classified according to the most skilled or responsible duties that are a regular part of their job and that are significant in determining their value to the firm. ______ Office BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR A worker who operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A - A worker who uses a bookkeeping machine with or without a typewriter key board to keep a set of records of business transactions usually requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particu lar accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B - A worker who uses a bookkeeping machine with or without a typewriter key board to keep a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records pertaining to business transactions usually requiring seme knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sec tions Include accounts payable, pay rolls, customers' accounts (not including simple type of billing described under Biller, Machine), cost distributions, expense distributions, inventory controls, etc. In addition may check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. BILLER, MACHINE CALCULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR A worker who prepares statements, bills and Invoices on a machine other than an ordinary typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. Should be designated as working on billing machine or bookkeeping machine as described below. A worker whose primary function consists of operating a calculating machine to per form mathematical computations other than addition exclusively. Comptometer type Billing Machine - A worker who uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memoranda, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large num ber of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fan-fold machine. Bookkeeping Machine - A worker who uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare cus tomers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simulta neous entry of figures on a customer's ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the deb it or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. BOOKKEEPER, HAND A worker who keeps a set of books for recording business transactions and whose work involves most of the following: posting and balancing subsidiary ledgers, cash books or journals, journalising transactions where judgment Is involved as to accounts affected; post ing general ledger; and taking trial balances. May also prepare accounting statements and bills; may direct work of assistants or accounting clerks. Other than Comptometer type * CIZRK, ACCOUNTING A worker who performs one or more accounting operations such as preparing simple journal vouchers; accounts payable vouchers; coding Invoices or vouchers with proper account ing distributions; entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; post ing and balancing subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledger, e.g., accounts receivable, accounts payable, stock records, voucher journals. May assist in preparing journal entries. For workers whose duties include handling the general ledger or a set of books see Bookkeeper, Hand. CLERK, FILE Class A - A worker who is responsible for maintaining an established filing system and classifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or supervise others In filing and lo cating material in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. Class B - A worker who performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been classified, or locates or assists in locating material in files. May perform incidental clerical duties. 2k. Office - Continued Office - Continued CTERK, GENERAL SECRETARY A worker who is typically required to perform & variety of office operations, This requirement may arise as a result of impracticability of specialization in a small office or because versatility is essential in meeting peak requirements in larger offices. The work generally involves the use of independent Judgment in tending to a pattern of office work from day to day, as well as knowledge relating to phases of office work that occur only oc casionally. For example, the range of operations performed may entail all or seme combination of the following: answering correspondence, preparing bills and invoices, posting to various records, preparing pay rolls, filing, etc. May also operate various office machines and type as the work requires . A worker who performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an adminis trative or executive position and whose duties Involve the following: making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mall, and writing routine correspondence on own Initia tive; taking dictation, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine (except where transcribing machine is used), and transcribing dictation or the recorded information repro duced on a transcribing machine. In addition, may prepare special reports or memoranda for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL CIERK, ORDER A worker who receives customers' orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally and whose duties involve any combination of the followings quoting .prices to customers, making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order, checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet, distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May also check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, ac knowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow-up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CI3SRK, PAY POLL A worker who computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the pay roll sheets and whose duties involve: calculating worker's earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on pay roll sheet, showing information such as worker's naam, working days, time, rate, deductions for Insurance and total wages due. In addition, may make out pay checks and assist the paymaster in making up and distributing the pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. A worker whose primary function is to take dictation from one or more persons, either In shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, Involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See Transcribing-Machine Operator.) STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL A worker whose primary function is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or spe cialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to tran scribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not Include transor lb Ing-machine work. (See Transcribing-Machine Operator.) SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a mimeograph or ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple couple ted material. A worker who operates a single or multiple position telephone switchboard, and whose duties involve: handling Incoming, outgoing and intraplant or office calls. In addition, nay record toll calls and take messages. As a minor part of duties, may give information to per sons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also do typing or other stenographic work or act as receptionists, see Switchboard Operator-Receptionist. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, records account ing and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using a numerical key-punch machine, following written information on records. May be required to duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to ma chine . Keeps files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others • OFFICE BOY CB GIRL A worker who performs a variety of routine duties such as running errands; operating minor office machines; such as sealers or mailers; opening and distributing mall; and other minor clerical work. (Bonded messengers are excluded from this classification.) A worker who in addition to performing duties of operator, on a single position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and/or performs typing or other routine cleri cal work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard. TABUIATING-MACHINE OPERATOR A worker who operates machine that automatically analyzes and translates information punched in groups of tabulating cards, and prints translated data on forms or accounting re cords; sets or adjusts machine to add, subtract, multiply, and make other calculations; places cards to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts machine. May file cards after they are tabulated. May sort and verify punched cards. 25. Professional and Technical - Continued Office - Continued TRAH5CBIBING-MACHIKE OPERATOR, GENERAL DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR A worker whose primary function is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. A worker who takes dictation In shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine is olasslfied as a Stenographer, General. TRANSCRIBING-MACHIWE OPERATOR, TECHNICAL A worker whose primary funetlon is to transcribe dictation involving a varied tech nical get specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from transcrlbing-machine records* May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine Is classi fied as a Stenographer, Technical* TYPIST A worker who uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May operate a teletype machine. May, in addition, do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, making out bills, or sorting and distributing incoming mall. (Dataller, assistant draftsman) A worker who details units or parts of drawings prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, and performs other duties under direction of a draftsman. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to employees or persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment and whose duties involve all or most of the following: giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employee’s Injuries; keeping records of patients treated; and prepar ing accident reports for compensation or other purposes. May also assist Physician in ex amining applicants, give instruction in health education and illness prevention, and performs other related duties. Class A - A worker who performs one or more of the following* typing material in final form from very rough and involved draft; copying from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreign language copy; combining material from several sources; or planning lay-out of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final form. May also type routine form letters, varying details to suit circumstances. May, in addition, perform clerical duties as outlined above. Maintenance and Power Plant CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE Class B - A worker who performs one or more of the following: typing from relative ly clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, Insurance policies, etc.; setting up sim ple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. May, in addition, perform clerical duties as outlined above. A worker who performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, trim made of wood in an establishment, and whose work Involves most of the following: planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models or verbal instructions; using a* variety of carpenters’ hand tools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. Professional and Technical DRAFTSMAN ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE A worker who prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or de tailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. The duties per formed involve a combination of the following: preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting Instruments; making engineering com putations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifica tions; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. In addition, may ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, me chanical, or structural drafting. A worker who performs a variety of electrical trade functions in the Installation, maintenance or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, and/or utilization of electric energy in an establishment, and whose work involves most of the following: install ing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layout or other specifications; lo cating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computa tions relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electricians’ hand tools and measuring and testing instruments. 26 Maintenance and Power Plant Continued Maintenance and Power Plant - Continued ENGINEER, STATIONARY MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE A worker who operates and maintains and/or supervises the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply power, heat, refrigeration or airconditioning and whose work involves: operating and maintaining and/or supervising the opera tion of such equipment as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ven tilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and bo Her-fed water pumps; making or supervising equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. This classification does not include head or chief engineers in estab lishments employing more than one engineer. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER A worker who fires stationary boilers used in a factory, power plant, or other es tablishment to furnish heat, to generate power, or to supply steam for industrial-processes, and whose work involves feeding fuel to fire by hand or operating a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checking water fluid safety valves. In addition, may clean, oil, or assist in repairing boiler room equipment. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE A worker who produces replacement parts and new parts for mechanical equipment oper ated in an establishment, and whose work involves most of the following: interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and layout of work; using a variety of machinists hand tools and precision measuring Instruments; setting up end operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working pro perties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts and equipment required for his work; and fitting end assembling peurts. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MAINTENANCE MAN, GENERAL UTILITY A worker who repairs machinery fluid mechanical equipment of an establishment and whose work involves most of the following: examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of hand tools in scraping fluid fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items ob tained from stock; ordering the production of a defective part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of peurts ordered from machine shop; and reassembling of machines, and making all necessary adjustments for operation. MILLWRIGHT A worker who installs new machines or heavy equipment fluid dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when clmnges in the pleuit layout are required, and whose work involves most of the following: planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of hand tools, cuid rigging; making standard shop computations relating to stresses, strength of materieds, end centers of gravity; aligning and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives, end speed reducers. In general, the millwright's work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training end experience. OILER (Greaser; lubricator) A worker who lubricates, with oil or grease, of mechanical equipment found in an establishment. the moving parts of weening surfaces PAINTER, MAINTENANCE (ftiinter, repair) A worker who keeps the machines, mechanical equipment and/or structure of an estab lishment (usufl&ly a small pleuit where specialization in maintenance work is impractical) in repair; whose duties involve the performance of operations and the use of tools and equipment of several trades, rather than specialization in one trade or one type of maintenance work only, and whose work involves a combination of the following: planning and layout of work re lating to repair of buildings" machines, mechanical and/or electrical equipment; repairing electrical and/or mecheLnlcal equipment; installing, aligning and balancing new equipment; and repairing building, floors, stairs as well as making and repairing bins, cribs, and partitions. A worker who paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, end fixtures of an establish ment end whose work involves the following: knowledge of surface peculiarities end types of paint required for different applications; mixing colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) PIPE FITTER, MAINTENANCE A worker 1A10 repairs automobiles, motor trucks and tractors of an establishment, and whose work involves most of the following: examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such hand tools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and/or installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and aligning wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. A worker who installs and/or repairs pipe and pipe fittings in an establishment, fluid whose work involves most of the following: laying out of work and/or measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel fluid hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computa tions relating to pressures, flow, fluid Size of pipe required; cuid making standard tests to 27 Maintenance and Power Plant - Continued PIPE FITTER, MAINTENANCE - Continued determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. This classification does not Include workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE (Tinner; tinsmith) A worker who fabricates, installs, and maintains In good repair the sheet-metal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, venti lators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment, and whose work Involves most of the following: planning and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, car other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheetmetal working machines; using a variety of hand tools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquir ed through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Custodial, Warehousing and Shipping Custodial, Warehousing and Shipping - Continued PACKER A worker who prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in boxes or other containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. The work of the packer involves a combination of the following: knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; in serting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing containers; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. This classification does not include packers who also make wooden boxes or crates. SHIPPING-AND-RECEIVING CLERK A worker who prepares merchandise for shipment, or who receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: a knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and ship ping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May, in addition, direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work generally involves: verifying or di recting others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise ormaterials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. For wage study purposes, the Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies these workers on the following basis: GUARD Shipping clerk Receiving clerk Shipping-and-receiving clerk A worker who has routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintain ing order, using arms or force where necessary. This classification includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on Identity of employees and other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEARER (Day porter, sweeper; charwoman; janitress) STOCK HANDLER AMD TRUCKER, HAND (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker who cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. The duties performed involve a combination of the following: sweeping, mopping and/or scrub bing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furni ture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing .supplies and minor main tenance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and rest rooms. This classification does not include workers who specialize in window washing. A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; transporting mate rials or merchandise by hand truck, car or wheelbarrow to proper location. May, in addition, keep a record of materials handled or check items against invoices or other records. This classification does not include longshoremen, who load and unload ships. ORDER FILLER TRUCK DRIVER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) A worker who fills shipping or transfer orders from stored merchandise in accord ance with specifications on sales slip, customer orders, or other instructions. May, in ad dition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. A worker who drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport materi als, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: manu facturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments and/or be tween retail establishments and customers * houses or places of business. Duties may also in volve loading or unloading truck with or without helpers, making minor mechanical repairs, and keeping truck in good working order. This classification does not include driver-salesmen or over-the-road drivers. 28 Custodial, Warehousing and Shipping - Continued Women's and Misses' Dresses - Continued TRUCK DRIVER - Continued INSPECTOR, FINAL (EXAMINER) - Continued For wage study purposes, the Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies according to size and type of equipment operated, as follows: Truck Truck Truck Truck driver, driver, driver, driver, truck drivers light (under 1-1/2 tons) medium (1-1/2 to and including 4 tons) heavy (over b tons, trailer type) heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) Thread trimmers who may only casually inspect garments are not included in this classification. In many shops manufacturing inexpensive garments there will be no inspectors falling within this classification;. in those shops whatever inspection is carried on is usu ally performed by THREAD TRIMMERS. PRESSER A worker who performs pressing operations (finish or under) on garments or garment parts by means of a hand-pressing iron and/or powered press or mangle. TRUCKER, POWER A worker who operates a manually-controlled gasoline or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant or other establishment. For wage study purposes, the Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies pressers accord ing to type of pressing equipment used, as follows: Presser, hand Presser, machine Presser, hand and machine For wage study purposes, the Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies workers accord ing to type of truck operated, as follows: Workers are classified as "pressers, hand and machine" when sizable proportions of their work are performed by each of the two methods. Otherwise, the predominant type of pres sing is the determining factor in classification. Truckers, power (fork-lift) Truckers, power (other than fork-lift) WATCHMAN SEWER, HAND (FINISHER) A worker who guards premises of plant property, warehouses, office buildings, or banks. Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. (Bench worker) A worker who performs sewing operations by hand including sewing on buttons, making buttonholes, stitching edges, closing openings that have been left by various hand and machine operations. Workers who specialize in sewing tickets or labels are not included in this classi- W o m e n s and Misses' Dresses fication. SEWING-MACHINE OPERATOR, SECTION SYSTEM CUTTER AND MARKER A worker who marks the outlines of various garment parts on a ply of fabric and who cuts out parts with shears, hand knife, or powered cutting machine. In addition, may spread or lay-up cloth as cutting table. This classification includes workers-who specialize in cut ting or in marking; specialized markers using perforated patterns, marking by use of talcum, are emitted as are all workers who specialize in spreading cloth. Workers clas sif icat ion. engaged in marking and cutting linings and trimmings are included in the An operator who uses a standard or special purpose sewing machine to perform the sewing operations required in making parts of garments, joining parts made by others, joining various sections together, or in attaching previously completed parts to partially completed garments, but who does not construct the entire garment. In shops that operate entirely on a section (or bundle) system this classification would include all sewing-machine operators (except buttonhole makers and button sewers) without any differentiation of operators by type of machine or operation performed. In shops that operate partly on a section system, this classification would include all operators who do not construct an entire garment. INSPECTOR, FINAL (EXAMINER) SEWING-MACHINE OPERATOR, SINGLE HAND (TAILOR) SYSTEM A worker who examines and inspects completed garments prior to pressing or shipping and whose work involves: determining whether the garments conform to shop standards of qual ity, and marking defects such as dropped stitches, bad seams, etc. In addition, may make minor repairs. An operator who uses a sewing machine to perform all the standard sewing-machine operations involved in the manufacture of a complete garment and whose work involves: assem bling and joining all parts of the garment except those added by finishers. Usually an expe rienced operator working on better-grade apparel in which the variety of design is so great and style changes so frequent as to prevent the economical use of a section system. 29 Women*s and Misses' Dresses - Continued Machinery Industries - Continued SEWING-MACHINE OPERATOR, SINGLE HAND (TAILOR) SYSTEM - Continued DRILL-PRESS OPERATOR, SINGLE- OR MULTIPLE-SPINDLE This classification includes workers, employed in single-hand system shops who pairup and work as a team and divide work tickets equally; this arrangement is informal, in con trast to the section system on which rates are established for individual operations. Performs such operations as drilling, reaming, countersinking, counterboring, spot facing and tapping on one or more types of single-spindle or multiple-spindle drill presses. This classification includes operators of all types radial-drill presses end portable drilling equipment. THREAD TRIMMER ( CLEANER) (Clipper) A worker who trims loose thread ends, with scissors prior to pressing or packing. basting threads and seem edges of garments Workers who also carefully examine and inspect garments are classified as INSPECTORS, FINAL. Machinery Industries of drill presses other than Class A - Operator who is required to set up machine for operations requiring care ful positioning, blocking and aligning of units; to determine speeds, feeds, tooling and oper ation sequence; and to make all necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite dimensions or Operator who is required to set up machine where speeds, feeds, tooling and operation sequence are prescribed but whose work involves very difficult operations such as deep drill ing, or boring to exacting specifications. Class B - Operator who is required to set up machine on standard operations where feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence are prescribed; and to make all necessary adjust ments during operation or ASSEMBLER (Bench assembler; floor assembler; jig assembler; line assembler; sub-assembler) A worker who assembles and/or fits together parts to form complete units or subas semblies at a bench, conveyor line, or on the floor, depending upon the size of the units and the organization of the production process. The work of the assembler may include processing operations requiring the use of hand tools in scraping, chipping and filing of parts to obtain a desired fit as well as power tools and special equipment when punching, riveting, soldering or welding of parts is necessary. Workers who perform any of these processing operations ex clusively as part of specialized assembling operations are not included in this classification. Class A - A worker who assembles parrs into complete units or subassemblies that re quire fitting of parts and decisions regarding proper performance of any component part or the assembled unit, and whose work involves any combination of the following: assembling from drawings, blueprints or other written specifications; assembling units composed of a variety of parts and/or subassemblies; assembling large units requiring careful fitting and adjusting of parts to obtain specified clearances; and using a variety of hand and powered tools and precision measuring instruments. Class B - A worker who assembles parts into units or subassemblies in accordance with standard and prescribed procedures, and whose work involves any combination of the following: assembling a* limited range of standard and familiar products composed of a number of small or medium-sized parts requiring some fitting or adjusting; assembling large units that require little or no fitting of component parts; working under conditions where accurate per formance and completion of work within set time limits are essential for subsequent assem bling operations; and using a limited variety of hand or powered tools. Class C - A worker who performs short-cycle, repetitive assembling operations, and whose work does not involve any fitting or making decisions regarding proper performance of the component parts or assembling procedures. Operator who is required to maintain set-up made by others, including making all ne cessary adjustments during operation on work requiring considerable care on the part of the operator to maintain specified tolerances. Class C - Operator who is required only to operate machine, on routine and repetitive operations; to make only minor adjustments during operation; and when trouble occurs to stop the machine and call on foreman, leadman, or set-up man to correct the operation. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE (See Maintenance end Power Plant, page 25, for description.) ENGINE-LATHE OHERATQR Operates an engine lathe for shaping external and internal cylindrical surfaces of metal objects. The engine lathe, basically characterized by a headstock, tailstock, and powerfed tool carriage, is a general-purpose machine tool used primarily for turning. It is also commonly used in performing such operations as facing, boring, drilling, and threading; and, equipped with appropriate attachments, it may be used for a very wide variety of special m a chining operations. Die stock may be held in position by the lathe "centers” or by various types of chucks and fixtures. This classification excludes operators of bench lathes, automatic lathes, automaticscrew machines, and hand-turret lathes and hand-screw machines. Class A - Operator who is required to set up machine; to select feeds, speeds, tool ing and operation sequence; and to make necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite dimensions or 30. Machinery Industries - Continued ENGINE-LATHE OPERATOR - Continued Operator who is required to set up machine from drawings, blueprints or layout, in accordance with prescribed feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence and to make necessary adjustments during operation where changes in work and set-up are frequent and where care is essential to achieve very close tolerances. Operator may be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. Class B - Operator who is required to maintain operation set up by others, by making all necessary adjustments, where care is essential to achieve very close tolerances or Operator who is required to set up machine on standard or roughing operations where feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence are prescribed; and to make adjustments during operation. Operator may be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools and to select proper coolants and cutting oils. Class C - Operator who is required only to operate machine on routine and repetitive operations; to make only minor adjustments during operation; and when trouble occurs to stop the machine and call on foreman, leadman, or set-up man to correct the operation. Machinery Industries - Continued JANITOR (Sweeper; cleaner) A worker who sweeps and cleans shop areas, washrooms and offices, and removes waste and refuse. May wash floors and windows. MACHINIST, PRODUCTION A worker who is required to fabricate metal parts involving a series of progressive operations and whose work involves most of the following: understanding of written instruc tions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinists hand tools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to di mensions of work, tooling, feeds end speeds of machining; understanding of the working proper ties of the common metals; and selecting standard materials, parts and equipment needed for his work. In general, the machinists work normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience . TOOL-AND-DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker) INSPECTOR A worker who performs such operations as examining parts or products for flaws and defects, and checking their dimensions and appearance to determine whether they meet the re quired standards and specifications. Class A - A worker who inspects parts, products, and/or processes with responsi bility for decisions regarding the quality of the product and/or operations, and whose work involves any combination of the following: thorough knowledge of the processing operations in the branch of work to which he is assigned, including the use of a variety of precision measuring instruments; interpreting drawings and specifications in inspection work on units composed of a large number of component parts; examining a variety of products or processing operations; determining causes of flaws in products and/or processes and suggesting necessary changes to correct work methods; and devising inspection procedures for new products. Class B - A worker who inspects parts, products, and/or processes and whose work involves any combination of the following: knowledge of processing operations in the branch of work to which he is assigned, limited to familiar products and processes or where perform ance is dependent upon past experience; performing inspection operations on products and/or processes having rigid specifications, but where the inspection procedures involve a se quence of inspection operations, including decisions regarding proper fit or performance of some parts; and using precision measuring instruments. Class C - A worker who inspects parts, products and/or processes and whose work in volves any combination of the following: short-cycle, repetitive inspection operations; using a standardized, special-purpose measuring instrument repetitively; and visual examination of parts or products, rejecting units having obvious deformities or flaws. A worker who constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work, and whose work involves most of the following: planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool-and-die maker*s hand tools and precision measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals end alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop compu tations relating to dimensions of work, speed, feeds, and tooling of machines; heat-treating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed toler ances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials, tools and processes. In general, the tool-and-die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom prac tice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For wage study purposes, of shop, as follows: the Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies workers by type Tool-and-die makers, jobbing shops Tool-and-die makers, other than jobbing shops TRUCKER, BAND A worker who pushes or pulls hand trucks, cars or wheelbarrows used for transport ing goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other estab lishment, and usually loads or unloads hand trucks or wheelbarrows. May stack materials It} storage bins, etc., and may keep records of materials moved. 31 Machinery Industries - Continued WELDER, HARD Department Stores - Continued SALES CLERK - Continued A worker who fuses (welds) metal objects together by means of an oxyacetylene torch or arc welding apparatus in the fabrication of metal shapes and in repairing broken or cracked metal objects. In addition to performing hand welding or brazing operation, he may also lay out guide lines or marks on metal parts and may cut metal, with a cutting torch. Class A - Worker who performs welding operations requiring moat of the following: planning and laying out of work from drawings, blueprints or other written specifications; knowledge of welding properties of a variety of metals and alloys; setting up of work and de termining operation sequence; welding of high pressure vessels or other objects involving cri tical safety and load requirements; working from a variety of positions; and ability to weld with gas or arc apparatus. Class B - Worker who is required to perform either arc or gas welding operations on repetitive work, where no critical safety and load requirements are involved; where the work calls mainly for one position welding; and where the layout and planning of the work are per formed by others. M e n ’s furnishings Notions, trimmings Piece goods (yard goods, upholstery fabrics) Silverware and jewelry (excluding costume jewelry) Women’s accessories (hosiery, gloves, handbags) Women’s and misses* dresses Women's shoes Women’s and misses' suits and coats STOCK GIRL, SELLING SECTION A worker who brings merchandise and other materials from stockroom or warehouse to the selling floor. Places merchandise in proper show cases, drawers, or racks, checking to see that it is in salable condition. Inspects incoming merchandise and sorts stock according to size, line, style, color, etc., and places it in proper place in stockroom or warehouse. May also keep inventory records, assist in marking, dust stock, and run errands. STOCKMAN, WAREHOUSE Department Stores PORTER, DAY (CLEARER) A worker who keeps the premises of an establishment in a clean, orderly condition. Typical of the duties the worker performs are: sweeping and mopping floors; removing trash; dusting furniture or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; and washing windows and display cases. SALES CLERK A worker who sells merchandise in an assigned department of a store or in a store specializing in one or a few items. Determines merchandise desired by customer, assists in selection, explains end demonstrates various qualities of the merchandise, receives payment, and makes out salescheck. May also do own cashiering and wrapping and assist in stocking and displaying merchandise. For wage study purposes, department, as follows: A person working in the warehouse who fills customers’ orders for merchandise from salescheck specifications. Places merchandise on flats, skids, or rollers, and moves to pack ing department. Also fills transfer orders going to the store for display on the selling floor. Receives incoming merchandise from receiving or marking departments and places it in storage. Handles returned goods either by returning it to storage or sending it to shipping department for delivery to supplier. TAILOR, ALTERATION, MEN’S GARMENTS A worker who makes alterations on men’s coats, suits, trousers and vests. Typical alterations include such items as remodeling shoulders and necklines, re-setting sleeves and collars, taking-in side seams, and felling, in accordance with markings on garment or in structions received from fitter. The work of the alteration tailor involves most of the fol lowing: ripping seams and linings, re-cutting fabric, basting in position for sewing, re sewing by hand or machine. May also press new seams, or press garment with hand iron or pres sing machine when alterations are completed. The Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies sales clerks by Banking Bedspreads, draperies, blankets Blouses and neckwear Boys* clothing Boys* furnishings Floor coverings Furniture and bedding Housewares (except china, glassware and lamps) Major appliances (refrigerators, stoves, washers, etc.; excludes radios and television) Me n ’s clothing BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR (See Office, page 23, for description.) CLEANER A worker who keeps halls, offices, and/or rooms of public buildings, offices, com mercial establishments, or apartment houses in a clean, orderly condition and whose work in volves; sweeping, mopping and/or scrubbing floors; disposing of waste or litter; and/or dust- 32 Banking - Continued Power Laundries CLERK, RETAIL RECEIVING CLEANER - Continued ing furniture and equipment. May also be required to polish This classification does not include window washers. metal fixtures and fittings. CLERK, TRANSIT A worker who sorts and lists checks and whose work includes the following: mechani cal endorsement of checks when necessary; manual sorting of checks in racks according to bank; listing, totalling, and balancing with predetermined control totals; locating and adjusting errors; and preparing checks for mailing back to banks on which drawn. A person who receives work from routemen or from customers over the counter in the receiving office or store of a dry-cleaning or laundry establishment and whose work involves most of the following: maintaining a record of articles or bundles received; returning com pleted work to customers who call for it; collecting payment and maintaining simple records of money received; and in establishments where dry cleaning is done, fastening an identifying marker to each article, examining an article for defects such as holes, stains or tears, and making a record cf the identification symbol assigned to each article with a brief description of the article and of any defects noted. This classification does not include store managers. EXTRACTOR OPERATOR PROOF-MACHINE OPERATOR (Whizzer operator) A worker who operates a sorting machine under general supervision to sort checks, debits, credits and other items. Records totals of specific items in appropriate ledgers. May perform additional clerical duties in connection with sorting. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL (See Office, page 2k, for description.) A worker who removes surplus moisture from materials (such as wet cloth, clothing, knit goods, and yarn) by operating an extractor and whose work involves most of the following: loading material into perforated drum of machine by hand or hoist; closing lid and starting machine, allowing it to run a predetermined time or until fluid stops flowing from drain; re moving partly dried materials; and hand trucking materials within the department. In addition, the worker may assist the Washer in loading, operating, or unloading the washing machine. FINISHER, FLATWORK, MACHINE TELLER, ALL AROUND Receives deposits and pays out on withdrawals for savings accounts; receives depos its and cashes checks for checking accounts; receives payments on notes, etc. May record daily transactions and balance accounts. May supervise one or more clerks who record details of transactions, such as names, dates, serial numbers, and amounts involved so that pertinent data may be distributed among the several departments for recording, filing, and clearing. A worker who performs flatwork finishing operations by machine and whose work in volves one or more of the following: shaking out the creases in semi-dry washing to prepare it for the fXatwbrk ironing machine; feeding clean, damp flatwork pieces into the flatwork ironing machine by placing the articles on the feeder rollers; and catching or receiving arti cles as they emerge from the machine and partially folding them. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER TELLER, NOTE (See Maintenance and Power Plant, page 26, for description.) Collects exchange charges and payments on notes, drafts, rents, and contracts for deeds. May accept and give receipts for collateral on maturity notes. Is in charge of send ing out notices of maturity. Receives renewal notes. Protests items when it is necessary. Causes notes to be presented at other places, when place of payment is other than the bank. Follows up on the value of collateral. In the case of real estate notes, sees that mortgages are properly recorded and checks certificates of title. Checks fire insurance coverage. Must be familiar with Negotiable Instruments Act and standard terms of extension agreements. IDENTIFIER A worker who sorts soiled bundles, places the contents Into various bags and by means of flags, pins or other devices identifies the net with a customer tag or ticket. In addition may weigh, list or count some or all articles contained in each bundle. This classi fication does not include workers who mark or otherwise identify each individual piece con tained in a bundle. TELLER, PAYING OR PAYING AND RECEIVING, COMMERCIAL MARKER Cashes customers* personal, or other checks. May also receive deposits on checking accounts and make entries in customers* account books. Writes up or signs deposit slips to be used later in balancing books. May record the daily transactions and balance accounts. May supervise one or more clerks who record details of transactions, such as names, dates, serial numbers, and amounts involved so that pertinent data may be distributed among the several departments for recording, filing, and clearing. May also handle withdrawals and de posits on savings accounts. A worker who marks or affixes by hand or mechanical means, customer identifying symbols on soiled garments, linens, or other articles. In addition may weigh, list, or count articles contained in each bundle, sort contents of each bundle into groups according to treat ment to be received, or note and record any damaged or stained condition of articles. This classification does not include workers who do sorting, examining, or listing without marking the various articles. 33 Power Laundries - Continued Auto Repair Shops - Continued PRESSER, MACHINE, SHIBTS ELECTRICIAN, AUTOMOTIVE - Continued A worker who operates or tends the operation of one or more of the several type machines that press shirts, and who perform such shirt pressing operations as body pressing, bosom pressing, collar and cuff pressing, and/or sleeve pressing. tributor breaker-point gaps with thickness gage; replacing defective parts on starters, gen erators, and distributors; and replacing defective ignition and lighting wires. May test and repair generators. May repair and adjust carburetors. WASHER, MACHINE GREASER A worker who operates one or more washing machines to wash household linens, gar ments, curtains, drapes and other articles and whose work involves the following: manipula ting valves, switches, and levers to start and stop the machine and to control the amount and temperature of water for the sudsing and rinsing of each batch; mixing and adding soap, bluing and bleaching solutions; and loading and unloading the washing machine. In addition may make minor repairs to washing machine. (Lubricating man) Lubricates, by means of hand-operated or compressed-air operated grease guns and oil sprays, all parts of automobile or truck where lubrication is required, using proper type lubricant on the various points on chassis or motors; drains old lubricant from lubricant reser voirs and refills with new. May perform other related duties, such as checking radiator water level, checking and adding distilled water to battery, repairing tires, etc. May also perform duties of washer. WRAPPER, BUNDLE A worker who wraps packages or finished products, or packs articles, goods, or ma terials in cardboard boxes and secures the package or box with twine, ribbon, gummed tape, or paste. The worker may segregate articles according to size or type, or according to customer's order and inspect articles for defects before wrapping. Auto Repair Shops BODY REPAIRMAN, METAL MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE Repairs automobiles and trucks, performing such duties as disassembling and overhaul ing engines, transmissions, clutches, rear ends, and other assemblies on automobiles, replac ing worn or broken parts, grinding valves, adjusting brakes, tightening body bolts, aligning wheels, etc. In addition to general automotive mechanics, this classification also includes workers whose duties are limited to repairing and overhauling the motor. Class A - Repairs, rebuilds, or overhauls engines, transmissions, clutches, rear ends or other assemblies, replaces worn or broken parts, grinds valves, bores cylinders, fits rings. In addition may adjust brakes or lights, tighten body bolts, align wheels, etc. May remove or replace motors, transmissions or other assemblies. May do machining of parts. / (Automobile-collision serviceman; fender and body repairman; body man) Repairs damaged automobile fenders and bodies to restore their original shape and smoothness of surface by hammering out and filling dents, and by welding breaks in the metal. May remove bolts and nuts, take off old fenders, and install new fenders. May perform such related tasks as replacing broken glass and repairing damaged radiators and woodwork. May paint repaired surfaces. ELECTRICIAN, AUTOMOTIVE (Ignition repairman) Repairs and installs ignition systems, starters, coils, panel instruments, wiring, and other electrical systems and equipment on automobiles: performs such duties as diagnosing trouble by visual: inspection or by use of testing devices; adjusting timing; adjusting dis- Class B - Adjusts brakes or lights, tightens body bolts, align wheels, or makes other adjustments or repairs of a minor nature; or removes and replaces motors, transmissions, clutches, rear ends, etc., but does no repairing, rebuilding, or overhauling of these assem blies. Workers wix> are employed as helpers to Mechanics are excluded from this classification. WASHER, AUTOMOBILE (Car washer; wash boy) Washes automobiles and trucks; sweeps and cleans interior of automobile; may polish auto vehicle bodies, using polishing compound and a cloth. Various parts of this Job may be performed by individual workers in automobile laundries production lines. 35 lex Page Number Description Earnings or rate Page Number Description Earnings or rate Asbestos worker (building construction) .............. ........................ . ........................ Assembler (machinery) ................................. .............................. ................... • • Benchman (bakeries) ................... ...................................................................• • Benohman, head (bakeries) ........................................................................... . Biller, machine (billing —shine) ......................... ........................................... Biller, machine (bookkeeping — chine) ......................... .................................... Bindery vooan (printing) ............. ..................................................................... Body repairman, — tal (auto repair shops) ........................................................ Boilermaker (building construction) ......................... ........ ......................... . Bookbinder (printing) ................ .. • • • ...................................... ........ ............... Bookkeeper, hand ••••••••••••••••..................................... ............................... Bookkeeping-machine operator .............................................. Bookkeeplng-—chine operator (banking) .................................................. .......... Bread radar (bakeries) .................................................................... .............. Bricklayer (building construction) .................................................................. Building laborer (building construction) ......................................................... Calculatlng-maohine operator (Cooptometer type) ............................ .................. Calculating-maohlne operator (other than Coaptometer type) ............. . Carpenter (building construction) ..................................... ............. ................ Carpenter, maintenance ...................................................................................... Cement fin ish er (building construction) ....... ......................................................... Checker (bakeries) ..................... ............................................................................... Cleaner ...................................... ....................................................................* .......... Cleaner (banking) ......... ................... ....................... ................................ .............. Clerk, accounting ....................................................... ................................ ............ Clerk, f i l e ................................................................ ................................................ Clerk, general ................................................................................. ......... *............... Clerk, o r d e r ............ ................................................................................................... Clerk, payroll ................................... ............................................... ................... Clerk, r e t a il receivin g (laundries) ................... .................................................... Clerk, transit (banking) ................ ........................................... Conposltor, hand (prin tin g) ............................... * ........................................ ......... . Cutter and marker (womens and misses' dresses) ..................... .............................. Dough mixer (bakeries) ........................................... .......................... ....................... Draftsman.................................................................................................... ................ Draftsman, Junior ...................................................................................... ................ D rill-p ress operator, sin gle- and multiplespindle (machinery) .......................... ...................................................... .............. Driver, bus (lo c a l tra n s it) ...................................................................................... Duplicating-machine operator .................................................................................... Electrician (building construction) ............................... ........................................ E lectrician , automotive (auto repair shops) .................................................... . E lectricia n , maintenance .......................................................................................... E lectricia n , maintenance (machinery) .............................................................. Electrotyper (prin tin g) ...................................... ........................................... Elevator constructor (building construction) .......................... .............................. Engineer (building construction) .......................... .......................... .............. .. Engineer, stationary ..................... ......... .......................................................... Engine-lathe operator (machinery) .................................................................. ......... Extractor operator (laundries) ................................................................................ Finisher, flatwork, machine (laundries) .................................................. Fireman, stationary b o i l e r .................................. ................... ............................... Fireman, stationary b o ile r (laundries) ........................................................ Foreman, working (bakeries) .............. ............................................... ..................... Greaser (auto repair shops) ............................................. .............. ................ . Glazier (building construction) .................................................................. ............. Guard ....................................................................... ....................... ............................ Helper, bakery (bakeries) .................................................................... ................... Helper, elevator constructor (building construction) ........................................... Helper, motortruck driver ........................................................................................ Helper, pan greaser (bakeries) .................................................... ............................ le e r (bakeries) ......................................................................................................... Id e n tifie r ( laundries) ......... .................................................................................... Inspector (women's and misses' dresses) ......... ........................................................ Inspector (machinery) ................................................................................................ Janitor ............................................................................ ...................................... . Janitor (machinery) ............................... .............................................. ............ Key-punch o p e r a to r ....... ............................................................................................. Laborer, plasterer (building construction) ............................................................. Lather (building construction) ......... ...................................................................... Machine operator (bakeries) ............ ........................................................................ Machine operator (prin tin g) ................................................................................. . Machinist, maintenance......... ......... ........................................ ......... . Machinist, production (machinery) .................................................................. •••••• Mailer (prin tin g) .................................................................. ................ ................... Maintenance man, general u t ilit y ................ ......................................................... . Marker (laundries) ...................... ................................................................. ••••••• Mechanic, automotive ................................................................ .......................... Mechanic, automotive (auto repair shops) ........................................ ....................... - 16 29 . 13 16 16 - 23 23 3 33 17 15 - 16 - 17 - 23 23 31 _ _ 23 23 - 25 _ •27 31 23 23 2k 2k 2k 32 32 5 k, 5 5, 6 Ik 16 16 16 6 6 16 10 16 16 11 Ik 6 6 k, 7 7 5, 7 15 Ik 28 17 13 - 16 25 25 9 9 29 13 2k 5, 7 - _ 16 - 16 33 25 15 29 _ 10 13 17 26 16 16 10 29 32 32 13 15 15 26 10 32 15 _ 16 33 27 _ _ _ _ 32 28 30 27 30 2k _ _ - 15 16 11 16 16 16 16 16 15 13 13 11 13 7 16 16 16 _ 17 26 10 JO 13 17 25 32 26 33 10 15 10 15 Mechanic, maintenance....... ............................................... M illwright ................................... ................................... .. Mixer (bakeries) ..................................... .......................... Molderman (bakeries) ............................ ............................ Motortruck d r i v e r ............................................................. . Nurse, Industrial (reg istered ) ....................... ................ O ffice b o y ....... ................................................................. O ffice g i r l ............................................................. . O iler ................................................................................... Operator, trackless t r o lle y (lo c a l tra n s it) .................. Operator, power equipment (building construction) . . . . . Order f i l l e r ..................... ....................... ....................... . Overman (bakeries) ............................................................. Overman, helpers (bakeries) ............................................. Packer ....................... ................................................ ......... Painter (building construction) ...................................... Painter, maintenance .......... .......................... ................. Pan greaser (bakeries) ..................... Paperhanger (building construction) ..................... ......... Photoengraver (prin tin g) .............. ................................... Pipe f i t t e r , maintenance ................................................. Plasterer (building construction) ................................. Plumber (building construction) .................................... Plumber, laborers (building construction) ................ . Porter ........................................ ....................................... Porter, day (clean er) (department stores) .............. . Presser, hand (women's and misses* dresses) ................. Press assistant (prin tin g) ............................ ................ . Press feeder (p rin tin g) .................................................... Presser, machine, sh irt (laundries) ............................... Pressman, cylinder (p rin tin g) ................... Pressman, platen (p rin tin g) ............................................. Pressman, web presses (p rin tin g ) .............. ..................... Proof-machine operator (banking) ....... ....................... ... Receiving clerk ................................... ............................ . Rodman (building construction) ...................................... . Rolling-machineman (bakeries) .......... ........................... . Roofer (building construction) ..................................... . Sales clerk (department stores) .......................... ......... . Secretary ..................... ................ .................................. Sewer, hand (women's and misses' dresses) ................... Sewing-machine operator (women's and misses' dresses) Scaler (bakeries) ..................... ....................................... Sheet-metalworker (building construction) ............ Sheet-metal worker, maintenance ..................................... Shipping c l e r k ..................... .......................................... . Shlpplng-and-recelvlng clerk .......................................... Stenographer, general ................ .......................... ......... Stenographer, general (banking) ................................. Stenographer, technical .......................... ..................... Stereotyper (p rin tin g) .................................................. Stock g i r l , se llin g section (department stores) ......... Stock handler ......................................................... ......... Stockman, warehouse (department stores) .............. . Structural-Iron worker (building construction) ........... Switchboard o p e r a to r .............. ............................ ........... Switchboard operator-receptionist ................................. Tabulating-machine operator ............................................ T a ilo r, a ltera tion , men's garments (department stores) T e lle r, all-around (banking) .......................................... T e lle r , note (banking) .................................................... T e lle r , paying, or paying and receivin g, commercial (banking) ................................... ................................... Tender, bricklayer (building construction) .................. Thread trimner (women's and misses' dresses) .............. T ile layer (building construction) ............................... Tool-and-dle maker (machinery) .............. ...................... Transcriblng-machlne operator, g e n e r a l....... . Truck d r i v e r ................................... ................................. Trucker, hand .................................................................... Trucker, hand (machinery) ................ .............................. Trucker, p o w e r............................................ ................... T y p i s t .......................................................... .................... Washer, automobile (auto repair shops) ......................... Washer, machine (laundries) ............................................ Watchman............................................... .......................... . Welder, hand (machinery) ....................... ......................... Wrapper (bakeries) .............................................. ......... . Wrapper, bundle (laundries) ........................................... 10 10 16 16 16 9 5 7 10 16 16 11 26 26 _ _ . 25 2k 2k 26 _ _ 27 16 26 16 11 16 10 16 16 17 10 _ 16 _ _ 16 16 11 lk 13 17 17 15 17 17 17 lk 11 16 16 _ 16 31 2k 28 28 lk 7 13 13 - 27 26 _ _ - _ 27 31 28 - 33 - 32 27 _ > 27 27 27 2k 32 2k - 31 27 31 2k 2k 2k 31 32 32 32 _ 29 - 30 25 27 27 30 28 25 33 33 28 31 - 33 16 16 10 11 11 8 lk 8 17 lk 12 lk 16 8 8 5, 8 lk lk lk lk 16 13 16 13 8 12 12 13 12 5, 9 15 15 12 13 16 15 ☆ U. S GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 0 - 1 951
@FedFRASER