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Occupational Wage Survey ALLENTOWN-BETHLEHEM-EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA—NEW JERSEY FEBRUARY 1964 B u l l e t i n No. 1 3 8 5 - 5 3 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IST IC S Ewan C la gu e , Com m issioner Occupational Wage Survey ALLENTOWN-BETHLEHEM-EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA-NEW JERSEY FEBRUARY 1964 Bulletin No. 1385-53 May 1964 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewao Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 2 0402 - Price 25 cents Contents Preface Page The Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual occupational wage surveys in metropolitan areas is designed to provide data on occupational earnings, and establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions. It yields detailed data by selected industry divisions for metropolitan area labor markets, for economic regions, and for the United States. A major consideration in the program is the need for greater insight into (a) the movement of wages by occupational category and skill level, and (b) the structure and level of wages among labor markets and industry divisions. A preliminary report and an individual area bulletin present survey results for each labor market studied. After completion of all of the individual area bulletins for a round of surveys, a two-part summary bulletin is issued. The first part brings data for each of the labor markets studied into one bulletin. The second part presents information which has been projected from individual labor market data to relate to economic regions and the United States. Eighty-two labor markets currently are included in the program. Information on occupational earnings is collected annually in each area. Information on estab lishment practices and supplementary wage provisions is obtained biennially in most of the areas. This bulletin presents results of the survey in Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.—N.J., in February 1964. It was prepared in the Bureau's regional office in New York, N .Y ., by Philip Goldstein, under the direction of Harold A. Barletta. The study was under the general direction of Frederick W. Mueller, Assistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. Wage trends for selected occupational groups__________________________ 4 Tables: 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied______________________________________________ 2. Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percents of increase for selected periods__________________ 3 3 A: Occupational earnings:* A - 1. Office occupations—men and women_____ ________ __. . . ___ A -2 . Professional and technical occupations— men and women_________ _____ ___ _______________________ _ A -3. Office, professional, and technical occupations— men and women combined________________________________ A -4. Maintenance and power plantoccupations__________________ A - 5. Custodial and material movement occupations____________ 8 9 10 B: Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions:* B - l. Minimum entrance salaries for women office workers___________________________________________________ B -2. Shift differentials__________________________________________ B -3. Scheduled weekly hours___________________ B-4. Paid holidays_______________________________________________ B -5. Paid vacations______________________________________________ B -6. Health, insurance, and pension plans_____________________ B -7. Paid sick leave_____________________________________________ 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 Appendix: Occupational descriptions____________________________________ 19 areas. * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available for other (See inside back cover.) A current report on occupational earnings and supple mentary wage practices in the Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton area is also available for synthetic textiles (May 1963). m 5 7 O ccu p ation al W age S u rv e y —A lle n to w n —B e th le h e m —E aston, P a .—N .J . Introduction as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U. S. De partment of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bureau field economists to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employ ment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabu lations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria. Differences in pay levels for selected occupations in which both men and women are commonly employed may be due to such factors as (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among in dustries and establishments; (2) differences in length of service or merit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis; and (3) differences in specific duties performed, although the occu pations are appropriately classified within the same survey job de scription. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual establishments. This allows for minor differences among establish ments in specific duties performed. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. E s timates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differ ences in occupational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earnings data. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material move ment. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment variation in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study are listed and described in the appendix. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described are not presented in the A-series tables because either (1) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possi bility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Information is presented (in the B -series tables) on selected establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions as they relate to office and plant workers. Administrative, executive, and professional employees, and force-account construction workers who are utilized as a separate work force are excluded. "Office workers" include working supervisors and nonsupervisory wprkers performing clerical or related functions. "Plant workers" include working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) en gaged in nonoffice functions. Cafeteria workers and routemen are excluded in manufacturing industries, but included in nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude pre mium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, Minimum entrance salaries (table B -l) relate only to the es tablishments visited. They are presented in terms of establishments with formal minimum entrance salary policies. 1 2 Shift differential data (table B-2) are limited to plant workers in manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in terms of (a) establishment policy,*1 presented in terms of total plant worker employment, and (b) effective practice, presented in terms of workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority, the classification "other'' was used. In establishments in which some late-shift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours. The scheduled weekly hours (table B-3) of a majority of the first-shift workers in an establishment are tabulated as applying to all of the plant or office workers of that establishment. Paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B -4 through B-7) are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a majority of such workers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Sums of individual items in tables B -2 through B -7 may not equal totals because of rounding. Data on paid holidays (table B-4) are limited to data on holidays granted annually on a formal basis; i. e. , (1) are provided for in written form, or (2) have been established by custom. Holidays ordinarily granted are included even though they may fall on a nonworkday, even if the worker is not granted another day off. The first part of the paid holidays table presents the number of whole and half holidays actually granted. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday time. The summary of vacation plans (table B-5) is limited to formal policies, excluding informal arrangements whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer. Separate estimates are provided according to employer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earnings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation pay, payments not on a time basis were converted to a time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equivalent of 1 week's pay. * An conditions: late shifts. shifts during late shifts. establishment was considered as having a policy if it m et either o f the following (1) Operated late shifts at the time o f the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1) had operated late the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B-6 and B-7) for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen's compensation, social security, and railroad retirement. Such plans include those underwritten by a commercial insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of insurance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em ployer contributions,2 plans are included only if the employer (1) con tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans 3 which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work because of illness. Separate tabulations are presented according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans which provide either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by com mercial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured. Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the worker's life. 2 The temporary disability laws contributions. 2 An establishment was considered as minimum number o f days of sick leave that need not be written, but informal sick leave excluded. in California and Rhode Island do not require employer having a formal plan if it established at least the could be expected by each em ployee. Such a plan allowances, determined on an individual basis, were 3 T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin sco p e o f s u r v e y and n u m ber studied in A lle n to w ir-B e th le h e m —E a ston , Pa. —N .J .,1 by m a jo r in d u stry d iv is io n , 2 F e b ru a r y 1964 M inim um em ploym en t in e s t a b lis h m ents in s c o p e o f study In du stry d iv is io n N um ber o f e sta b lish m e n ts W o r k e r s in esta b lish m en ts W ithin s c o p e o f study W ithin scop e of study 3 Studied T otal 4 O ffic e Studied Plant T o t a l4 — . 419 106 107, 800 13, 000 8 0 ,1 0 0 6 0 ,2 6 0 M a n u fa ctu rin g - _______________ ____________ _______________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g___________ ______________________ __ _____ T r a n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s 5 - — ---------------------------------- ------W h o le s a le t r a d e ------------------------------------------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e ---------------------------------------------------------------------- — F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e _____________ _____ S e r v ic e s 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 " 313 106 62 44 8 7 ,4 0 0 20, 400 8, 400 4, 600 67, 600 12, 500 48, 150 12,110 50 50 50 50 50 25 16 36 12 17 14 4 14 6 6 A ll d iv is io n s -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7, 1, 7, 2, 2, 500 200 100 600 000 4, 700 (6 ) ( ) (*) (6 ) 1, 600 (6 ) ( ) (6 ) (6) 5, 780 300 3, 420 1, 550 1, 060 1 The A lle n to w n —B eth le h e m —E a sto n Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f L eh igh and N orth a m p ton C ou n ties, P a .; and W arren County, N .J. The " w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f study" e s tim a te s show n in this ta b le p r o v id e a r e a so n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d e d in the s u r v e y . The es tim a te s a r e not intended, h ow ev er, to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith oth er e m p loym en t in dexes f o r the a r e a to m e a s u r e em p lo y m e n t tre n d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u se o f e sta b lish m en t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d va n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d studied, and (2) s m a ll e sta b lish m e n ts a r e e x clu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 The 1957 r e v is e d e d itio n o f the Standard In du strial C la s s ific a t io n M anual was used in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u stry d iv is io n . 3 In clu d es a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith total e m p loym en t at o r above the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (w ith in the a rea) o f c o m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s tr ie s as tra d e, fin a n ce , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o t io n p ic tu r e th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 esta b lish m en t. 4 In clu d es e x e c u tiv e , p r o f e s s io n a l, and other w o r k e r s ex clu d e d fr o m the se p a ra te o f fi c e and plant c a t e g o r ie s . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w ater tra n sp o rta tio n w e r e e x clu d e d . 6 T h is in d u s try d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s , and fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s . S ep a ra te p r e s e n tation o f d ata f o r this d iv is io n is n o t m a d e f o r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m e n t in the d iv is io n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough d ata to m e r it s e p a r a te study, (2) the sam ple w as not d e s ig n e d in itia lly to p e r m it se p a ra te p re se n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequ ate to p e r m it se p a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th ere is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f individual e s ta b lis h m e n t d ata. 7 W o r k e r s f r o m this e n tire in d u stry d iv is io n a r e r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s , but fr o m the r e a l estate p o r tio n only in e s tim a te s f o r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s. S epa ra te p r e s e n ta tio n o f data fo r this d iv is io n is not m ad e f o r one o r m o r e o f the r e a s o n s giv en in foo tn o te 6 a b ov e. 8 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; au to m o b ile r e p a ir s h o p s ; m o tio n p ic t u r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s ; and en g in e e rin g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s . T a ble 2. Indexes o f standard w ee k ly s a la r ie s and s tr a ig h t-t im e h o u rly e a rn in gs f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g rou p s , and p e rce n ts o f i n c r e a s e fo r s e le c t e d p e r io d s , A llentow n—B eth leh em —E aston , P a . —N .J . Index (F e b r u a r y 1961 = 100) P e r c e n t s o f in c r e a s e F e b ru a r y 1964 F e b ru a r y 1963 to F e b ru a r y 1964 A ll in d u s t r ie s : O ffic e c le r i c a l (m en and w o m e n )-----------------In d u stria l n u rs e s (m en and w om en )_________ S k ille d m aintenance (m e n )----------------------------U n sk ille d plant ( m e n )------------- ---------------------- 109. 3 104.6 108. 1 108 .6 1. 1 2. 5 2 .7 3. 4 2. 1. 1. 2. 7 5 5 6 5. . 3. 2. 3 5 8 4 4. 1 4. 2 3. 2 1 .7 M a n u fa ctu rin g : O ffic e c le r i c a l (m en and w o m e n )_________ In d u stria l n u rs e s (m en and w om en )_________ S k ille d m aintenance (m e n )----------------------------U n sk illed plant ( m e n )________________________ 109. 3 104 .6 107.6 106. 3 .7 2. 0 2 .6 2. 7 2 .6 2. 0 1. 6 1. 1 5. . 3. 2. 7 5 3 3 4. 4. 3. 1. Industry and o ccu p a tio n a l group F e b ru a r y 1962 to F e b ru a r y 1963 F e b ru a r y 1961 to F e b ru a r y 1962 M a rch I960 to F e b ru a ry 1961 7 2 1 2 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table 2 are indexes and percentages of change in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the per centages of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in average straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and in clude most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on men and women in the following 19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerks, accounting, class A and B; clerks, file, class A, B, and C; clerks, order; clerks, payroll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B; office boys and girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenogra phers, senior; switchboard operators; tabulating-machine operators, class B; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on men and women industrial nurses. Men in the following 8 skilled maintenance jobs and 2 unskilled jobs are included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; m e chanics; mechanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers, material handling. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by employment in each of the jobs during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the group aggregate for the one year to the aggregate for the other year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is the percentage of change from the one period to the other. The indexes were computed by multiplying the ratios for each group aggregate for each period after the base year (1961). The indexes and percentages of change measure, principally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force resulting from labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and lower the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. Similarly, the movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other establishments in the area. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effect of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. The percentages of change reflect only changes in average pay for straight-time hours. They are not influenced by changes in standard work schedules, as such, or by premium pay for overtime. A: Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Allentown—Bethlehem —Easton, P a .-N .J ., F eb ru ary 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS O F - Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of Weekly houri^ (Standard) Weekly earnings * (Standard) $40 $45 and under $45 $50 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 _ _ - _ 8 4 4 5 3 2 8 1 7 11 1 10 24 18 6 2 6 5 1 1 5 3 2 2 - - 15 15 10 10 _ 4 4 2 2 6 6 14 14 _ 2 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 and $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $ 143 $150 $155 $ 160 nvpr M en C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A ---M anufacturing----------------------Nonm anufacturing----------------P u blic u tilities 3--------------- 216 152 64 37 39.0 39.5 38.0 38.5 $136.00 147.50 109.50 121.00 C lerk s, accounting, cla s s B ___ M anufacturing_______________ 101 73 38.5 40.0 109.50 120.00 - C lerk s, p a y r o ll_________________ 49 39.5 133.50 _ O ffice b o y s —____________________ M anufacturing---------------------- - 66 62 39.5 39.5 86.00 86.00 Tabulating-m achine o p era tors, cla ss A ------------------------------------ M anufacturing----------------------- 41 41 40.0 40.0 133.50 133.50 T a bulating-m achine o p era tors, cla s s B ______ __________________ M anufacturing_______ ________ N onm anufacturing___________ 92 61 31 39.0 40.0 37.0 106.50 114.00 92.50 74 64 39.5 39.5 - _ - _ _ - - 10 7 7 _ - 28 28 _ 1 8 2 6 6 4 4 7 7 7 7 _ _ 7 1 6 6 _ - 9 9 _ - 2 56 56 _ - 9 9 _ - 5 5 3 3 5 5 1 1 _ 3 22 4 2 _ _ - 3 - 5 3 12 3 8 1 1 1 2 2 - 9 2 _ _ 1 _ _ 3 5 _ 7 7 6 6 13 13 9 6 4 4 1 1 4 4 . - 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 " 4 4 4 4 10 10 3 3 1 1 1 1 45 5 12 4 8 4 _ 4 4 1 3 16 10 6 6 5 1 7 3 4 6 6 27 27 1 1 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 - ~ 1 1 " - " “ - " " - - - " " “ - - _ _ _ _ _ - - 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 10 9 3 3 - 1 1 1 2 1 4 “ ■ _ • 4 ■ " 1 63.50 64.50 " 5 17 14 23 20 12 12 3 3 7 7 1 1 6 6 1 " 15 - 9 9 W om en B ille r s , m achine (billin g m achine) Manuf actur ing---------------------------— B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping 30 39.5 63.50 B ook keeping-m ach ine o p era tors, cla ss A __________________________ M anufacturing_________________ 46 32 40.0 40.0 80.50 81.50 B ook keeping-m ach ine o p era tors , cla ss B __________________________ M anufacturing-------------------------Nonm anufacturing_____________ 113 45 68 38.0 39.0 37.0 62.00 63.50 61.00 C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A ------Manuf actur ing_________________ 67 61 40.0 40.0 94.50 95.00 C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B------M anufacturing_____ —__________ Nonm anufacturing-------------------- 160 114 46 39.5 39.5 38.5 83.00 86.00 75.50 C lerk s, file , c la s s A ____________ M anufacturing_________________ 37 29 39.0 39.5 C lerk s, file , c la s s B ____________ 148 C lerk s, file , c la s s C C lerk s, p a y r o ll_ M anufacturing. See footn otes at end of table. " 5 _ - 5 _ _ - 15 3 12 _ 1 1 1 1 3 - 23 13 10 43 23 20 12 _ _ _ _ - - - 92.50 97.00 _ _ 39.5 80.50 _ 154 39.0 167 146 39.5 39.5 _ 12 . _ - - 3 14 27 20 9 6 2 1 1 - - 2 2 - _ _ _ _ 1 1 - _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ - - 1 1 . _ _ _ _ . 4 2 2 _ _ 3 3 _ _ _ - _ 4 4 5 5 6 3 3 1 16 16 11 11 10 10 3 3 6 6 2 2 1 15 15 - 11 11 - 6 6 - 7 7 - 20 5 15 4 4 - 4 4 3 3 - 7 7 - 4 4 - 1 1 1 1 5 5 10 7 2 2 1 1 _ _ - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ 10 13 6 7 3 3 2 _ _ 2 2 5 5 _ 18 2 16 12 8 4 7 7 - 2 - _ - - 3 - 1 1 8 8 5 29 13 2 2 2 3 76.00 34 11 5 1 2 71.00 71.50 3 21 17 14 13 36 36 12 9 _ - 2 22 22 - - 1 1 6 1 5 9 6 3 9 1 8 * 11 8 28 26 _ _ 30 18 17 44 29 10 1 8 8 8 3 11 11 6 6 1 1 1 1 - 6 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and W omen— Continued (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Allentown—Bethlehem —Easton, P a .-N .J ., Febru ary 1964) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers Weekly hours * (Standard) Weekly earnings 1 (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS O F - $45 $40 and under $45 $50 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95l $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 over and W omen— Continued - - 3 3 9 3 - - 3 - 4 4 4 4 10 10 25 25 23 22 7 7 2 2 2 2 7 - - 16 8 8 _ 12 9 3 3 50 38 12 11 18 18 7 16 9 7 1 1 1 2 " 11 7 4 3 24 - 36 27 9 2 15 15 2 16 4 12 " - ■ 24 24 11 6 1 43 2 20 3 8 14 9 - - “ - 17 3 14 38 19 19 42 15 27 39 21 18 31 25 6 42 26 16 78 62 16 36 29 7 63 55 8 45 41 4 22 15 7 - 6 6 53 46 7 48 41 7 46 37 9 3 31 24 7 7 19 19 - 32 29 3 31 31 - 26 20 6 6 32 15 17 17 29 24 5 5 27 5 42 26 24 20 17 17 29 24 28 28 5 5 20 17 50 50 3 2 1 1 7 5 2 9 3 6 14 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 7 3 4 18 10 8 23 18 5 38 37 1 10 6 4 9 8 1 - - - 2 Keypunch operators, cla ss A -----------------M anufacturing-------------------------------------- 104 94 40.0 40.0 $91.50 94.00 Keypunch operators, cla ss B____________ M anufacturing-___- ___- ________________ N onmanuf a ctur ing-------------------------------P ublic utilities 1 3 -4---------------------------2 226 136 90 44 39.0 40.0 37.0 38.0 79.00 81.50 75.00 89.00 O ffice g i r l s --------------------------------- — ------ 117 39.5 75.00 S ecreta ries Manuf a c tu r in g -_________________________ N onm anufacturing-------- --------------------- 599 451 148 39.0 39.5 38.0 89.00 94.50 72.50 Stenographers, g e n e r a l--------------------------M anufacturing------------------------- ---------Nonm anufacturing-------------------------------- 403 321 82 59 39.5 39.5 38.0 38.5 75.50 73.50 84.00 93.00 Stenographers, s en io r ----------------------------------------M anufacturing ----------------------------------------------------- 343 267 38.5 39.5 82.00 85.00 - Sw itchboard o p e ra to rs ----------------------------------------M anufacturing ----------------------------------------------------- 107 51 56 39.0 39.5 39.0 76.00 86.00 67.00 - - - - 6 7 9 133 105 28 40.0 40.0 39.5 67.50 68.00 66.00 22 18 4 27 25 40.0 40.0 192 168 252 116 136 39 Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ______ M anufacturing _________________ - _______________ Tabulating-m achine o p erators, cla ss B _______________________________________________ M anufacturing --------------------------- ---------- -------T yp ists, cla ss A __________________________________ u T yp ists, cla ss B ----------------------------------------------------- p i^ K lir n t i l i t i p c ^ 1 2 3 4 2 6 - 7 . - - 102.50 104.50 - - 39.5 40.0 81.00 79.00 . . 38.0 39.5 37.0 39.0 64.50 74.00 57.00 67.00 4 48 3 45 - 4 9 - 8 8 4 4 1 1 1 1 41 36 5 36 36 ~ 16 16 9 8 1 7 7 " 12 12 29 11 18 18 16 13 3 3 4 4 1 1 - - 30 27 35 14 6 6 7 7 4 4 7 7 38 24 14 3 3 1 1 - - 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 6 6 2 2 - 2 2 4 4 2 2 - 23 15 7 7 1 - - - - - - 6 6 12 12 19 19 9 9 24 24 34 33 13 11 10 10 9 9 24 11 41 14 27 4 14 8 6 1 50 22 28 19 8 2 6 1 6 16 1 15 12 31 30 1 1 20 20 13 13 1 1 - - 2 4 1 - - - - - - - - 5 5 2 2 - 7 7 " 2 2 - 5 5 - 4 4 - - - - - - - - 1 1 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 7 1 1 - - _ - - _ 1 1 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees re ce iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sala rie s and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly hours. W orkers w e re distributed as fo llo w s : 11 at $160 to $165; 11 at $165 to $170; 7 at $170 to $175; 9 at $175 to $180; 3 at $180 to $185; 5 at $185 to $190; and 10 at $190 and over. Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. W orkers w e re distributed as fo llo w s: 2 at $160 to $165; 2 at $165 to $170; and 1 at $180 to $185. - - - - - “ - - 7 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women (Average straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Allentown—Bethlehem —Easton, P a .-N .J ., F eb ru ary 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF A verage Sex, occupation, and industry division of Weekly hours * (Standard) Weekly earnings 1 (Standard) $75 $70 Under and $70 under $75 $80 $80 " 1 8 5 “ $90 ~£95“ $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 $165 $170 $180 $190 $200 $85 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 $165 $170 $180 $190 $200 $210.. $90 Men 79 72 40.0 40.0 $168.00 168.50 D raftsm en, s e n io r _______________________ M anufacturing--------------------------------------- 574 551 40.0 40.0 129.00 128.00 " 5 5 - 5 5 D raftsm en, junior 286 275 40.0 40.0 109.50 110.00 26 26 10 10 5 3 17 17 35 34 40.0 40.0 103.00 103.00 1 D raftsm en, lead er M flr m fa r tiir in g - - — — - ......... M ^ n n fa r t n r i n g 1 5 5 5 5 4 4 50 49 58 58 48 48 20 13 43 29 48 48 15 15 11 11 13 13 7 7 _ 1 10 10 13 13 24 24 40 40 68 68 13 13 19 19 27 25 17 15 16 16 3 3 2 2 3 2 14 14 6 6 43 43 47 47 13 11 11 5 5 4 4 1 1 8 37 36 6 6 W om en N urses, industrial (r e g is te r e d )_________ 6 6 ! 1 1 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for which em ployees r e ce iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings co rre sp o n d to these w eekly hours. 5 5 12 5 8 8 8 8 2 2 5 5 20 20 11 11 4 4 8 8 4 4 9 9 18 18 5 5 7 7 2 2 8 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly earnings fo r s elected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Allentown—Bethlehem —Easton, P a .—N .J., F ebruary 1964) Number of O ccupation and industry division Average weekly earnings 1 (Standard) O ccupation and industry division B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine)------------------ 81 $65.00 66.00 30 63.50 B ookkeeping-m achine op e ra to rs, cla ss A - — -— —— 49 32 80.00 81.50 Bookkeeping m achine o p -r a t^ r - ''la -o F M anufacturing—----------------------— ----------------------- ----- 118 45 73 62.50 63.50 62.00 $85.00 Keypunch op e ra to rs, cla s s A ------------------------------------- 104 94 91.50 94.00 Keypunch op e ra to rs, cla s s B------------------------------------- 229 139 90 44 79.00 81.50 75.00 89.00 183 79.00 P u blic u t ilit ie s 2 •pg rl^Afl A 283 213 70 40 126.00 132.50 108.00 119.50 261 187 74 93.50 99.00 78.50 63 54 110.50 116.00 181 85.50 C lerk s, file , cla ss C ------------------------------------------------- 155 76.00 C lerk s, p a y rr>li - 216 189 27 85.50 86.00 80.50 . .. P u blic u tilit ie s 2-----------------------------------------------'''"'Minting r>1^aa W taring i Nonm anufacturin.gr. _r__■_m-.j_„ „ _rT,i__j_____ tM «i_ C lerk s, file, B . . N onm anufacturing---------- —------- —— -----------—---------- N onmanuf a ctur ing-------— ----------—-------- — ------- — — 611 457 154 M anufacturing— —— — — — _— —— — Nonmanufacturing_______ __________ _____— -----—----P u blic u tilit ie s 2 — — — - 410 322 88 65 — —— — — — ------- — — — — Stenographers, se n io r ------------------------------------------—— Sw itchboard o p e ra to rs--------------------------—------------------M anufacturing N onmanuf a ctur ing------------------------— —------— --------- Earnings rela te to regular straigh t-tim e w eekly sa la rie s that are paid fo r standard w orkw eeks. T ran sportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. earnings * (Standard) Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ------------- —-----------Manufa c tu r ing__ - ______________________ — ------------ —— N onmanuf a ctur ing-----------—--------------------------------------- 133 105 28 $67.50 68.00 66.00 Tabulating-m achine o p era tors, cla s s A ------ ----------Manuf a ctur ing------------- ---------------------------------------------- 46 44 126.00 128.50 Tabulating-m achine o p era tors , c la s s B ---------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g _ ____ ... . . . . . . . N onm anufacturing------------------------------------------------------ 119 86 33 106.00 111.00 91.50 39 90.00 T ypists, cla ss A — - ----------- ------- --------------------- — M anufacturing.. . ---------------------------- ------ - 200 173 82.00 79.50 T ypists, cla ss B -------------------- ---------------------------------M anufacturing-----------------------------------------------------------I Nonmanufacturing------------------ ----------------------------------9 Pu blic u tilit ie s 2 -. . ------ -------76.00 | P rofession a l and tech n ica l occupations 73.50 U 85.00 93.50 9D raftsm en, lea d er_________ ____ _________________ 1 M anufacturing______________________________________— 254 118 136 39 65.00 74.00 57.00 67.00 79 72 168.00 168.50 D raftsm en, sen ior---------------------- ---------------------------------Manufacturing - —— 576 553 129.00 128.00 ]*)j* gjyj0xx^ j uni o r - r- - ____ . _r_, r__ r,___ILI__ M anufacturing------------------------------------------------------------ 292 281 109.50 109.50 76.50 | 86.50 (N urses, industrial (re g is te r e d )-----------------------------------M anufacturing 67.00 35 34 103.00 103.00 1Tabulating-m achine o p era tors , cla s s C ---------------------- S e cre ta rie s — Number of O ffice occu pation s— Continued 34 O ffice boys and g ir ls ---------------------—----------—-------------a/'r O ccupation and industry d ivision earnings * (Standard) O ffice occupations— Continued O ffice occupations C lf rVl? Number of 356 279 77 108 52 56 89.50 95.00 73.00 84.00 87.00 72.00 9 Table A -4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u r ly ea rn in g s fo r m en in s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n s stu died on an a r e a b a s is by in d u stry d iv is io n , A llen tow n —B eth leh em —E a sto n , P a . —N . J . , F e b r u a r y 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of worker* O cc u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 .6 0 $2. 70 $2. 80 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $3. 10 $3. 20 $3. 30 $ 3 .4 0 $3. 50 $3. 60 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $4. 00 Average hourly . earning* 1 Under and $ 1 .9 0 under $ 2 .0 0 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $ 2 .7 0 $2. 80 $ 2 .9 0 $3. 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 $3. 30 $ 3 .4 0 $3. 50 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $3. 80 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $4. 10 160 143 $ 2 .8 8 2 .9 0 ” ” E l e c t r ic i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e - ----------------M a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------- ------- _ 297 287 2 .9 7 2. 97 . _ “ E n g in e e r s , s t a t io n a r y _______- ___________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------- ----------------- - 88 84 3. 04 3. 05 _ F ir e m e n , s ta tio n a r y b o i l e r ------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g -------------------------------------- 148 140 2 .4 0 2 .4 6 35 2 27 H e lp e r s , m a in ten a n ce t r a d e s ----------------- 257 2. 61 M a c h in is ts , m a in ten a n ce — ------ ---------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------- ---------------------- 142 123 M e c h a n ic s , a u tom otiv e (m a in ten a n ce) -----------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ----- ---------- ------ _ — N on m a n u fa ctu r in g ____________________ P u b lic u t ilitie s 3 ----------------------------- C a r p e n t e r s , m a in te n a n c e — ------ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------- — — 26 26 9 9 59 59 2 2 9 8 46 40 31 31 60 60 25 25 18 16 4 4 1 “ 12 9 _ “ 24 24 " 5 5 19 18 26 11 - 3 3 3 3 29 29 6 6 4 4 _ _ _ " ■ ■ “ 3 3 _ _ . “ “ " ~ ■ ~ 53 53 _ 10 8 _ - 13 13 31 31 10 10 2 2 _ _ " 2 2 . _ _ - - _ _ _ “ " - “ _ _ _ “ _ “ _ 1 1 _ “ 6 6 6 6 _ " " 8 8 16 16 47 47 8 8 13 13 8 8 _ _ _ 31 2 3 18 120 26 _ 30 _ 1 25 1 _ _ . _ . . _ . 2 .9 7 2 .9 8 “ “ ~ “ 2 2 “ 5 5 12 12 24 9 13 13 25 25 25 25 5 5 23 23 2 2 2 ~ 2 “ ■ “ 2 2 ” " 175 71 104 100 2 .8 7 3 .0 3 2 .7 6 2 .7 8 1 1 “ _ " _ " _ “ _ - 31 31 31 14 4 5 5 5 1 4 1 23 8 15 15 18 3 15 15 21 10 11 11 3 3 3 42 28 14 14 5 5 5 - 5 5 - - 7 7 - - _ - _ - - M e ch a n ic s , m ain ten an c e ------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________ 840 838 2 .9 4 2 .9 4 _ - 10 10 153 153 9 9 13 13 207 207 235 234 16 16 45 45 77 77 “ 8 7 46 46 11 11 4 4 6 6 - M illw r ig h t s _______________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g -------------------------------------- 85 85 3. 10 3. 10 1 1 _ . _ . " “ 10 10 . “ 50 50 . “ 10 10 _ “ 14 14 . “ " “ O i l e r s -------- ----- ----------------------------- -----M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________ 170 170 2 .6 6 2756“ 2 2 7 7 11 11 1 11 11 2 2 _ . . " 10 10 P a in t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ---------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ---- ------------ ----------------- 94 92 2 .8 4 2 .8 6 _ _ _ " P ip e f it t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e -----------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ____ __ _____ __ 121 121 2 .8 8 2 .8 8 " T o o l and d ie m a k e r s --------— ---------M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________ ______ 231 231 3. 07 3. 07 " _ " . _ " " _ . “ ~ - - . _ " 2 2 2 2 9 9 66 66 34 34 8 8 4 4 _ " 2 ~ 5 5 12 12 _ - 4 4 3 3 4 4 ! 1 47 47 ■ 6 6 2 2 1 1 “ 5 5 2 2 _ _ 1 1 _ " “ _ " _ ~ _ _ . _ “ 3 3 ~ 28 28 4 4 6 6 22 22 “ 37 37 12 12 8 8 . “ _ _ . _ . 64 64 _ 37 37 24 24 2 2 36 36 13 13 8 8 E x clu d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and late shifts, A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 1 .4 0 to $ 1. 50. T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and oth er p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 1 " _ " 5 5 18 18 _ . _ " . " . " “ 1 1 _ - _ _ _ _ ~ _ . _ " ■ . _ 16 16 . " 8 8 10 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, P a .—N. J. , F ebru ary 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers O ccu p ation 12 and industry division $1.00 $1.10 $1.20 f O o $1.40 $1.50 $ 1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $ 0 0 " $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 Average hourly , and earnings Under $1.00 under $2.80 C T TT O T and $1.10 $1.20 $1.30 $1.40 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 over Guards and watchm en---------------------- — Manufacturing — ___ ____ _ ____ N onm anufacturing------------—--------------- 354 329 25 $2.25 2.30 - - 15 11 7 7 27 27 5 4 7 5 12 5 5 2 5 - 4 2 16 15 15 5 7 5 2 2 1 18 18 15 3 74 74 40 34 17 17 Q 7 g 5 5 5 9 9 9 8 8 g 119 119 119 3 3 3 - - . - - - - 3 - - 4 2.02 2.09 1.75 2.08 3 3 - - 7 7 - 52 27 25 1 11 9 2 - 19 13 6 - 68 53 15 - 35 18 17 3 53 43 10 3 24 7 17 1 28 17 11 3 101 83 18 15 67 36 31 28 290 280 10 7 31 31 - 27 27 - - 42 39 3 3 5 5 - - - - _ - _ - _ - - - - - - - - - 194 175 1.91 1.94 _ 2 - - 14 12 2 12 10 5 “ - 2 2 10 7 114 114 2 1 _ - - - 1 1 _ - _ - _ _ _ - 30 28 _ - - _ - _ - _ - L a b o r e rs , m aterial handling M anufacturing-----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing . . _ ____ Public utilities 3--------------------------- 947 641 306 213 2.43 2.39 2.52 2.92 _ - 10 10 1 1 30 30 30 7 23 _ - 13 13 - _ - 22 22 - 25 25 - 19 19 - 109 109 - 68 65 3 3 48 39 9 3 58 41 17 9 76 76 - 41 26 15 - 23 23 - 109 109 - 2 2 - 158 158 158 40 40 40 _ - _ - 65 65 - _ - O rder fille r s _ __ _ Mannfartii ring _ 154 105 1.98 1.88 _ _ _ _ 16 l6 12 8 9 8 21 16 12 12 _ _ _ 11 10 2 52 16 10 10 9 g P a ck e rs , shipping— ---------------------------M anufacturing------------------------------------ 159 159 1.79 1.79 _ 7 7 7 7 1 1 10 7 162 145 2.22 2.26 22 19 7 7 T ru ck d rivers 4--------------------------------------Manufacturing — . — N onm anufacturing___________________ Public u tilities 3 — ___ _____ 1,225 459 766 644 2.70 2.40 2.87 3.00 8 3 5 - 19 16 3 - 10 10 - _ _ 4 4 _ - 4 4 4 5 5 _ - 7 7 3 3 2 2 Shipping and receiv in g c le r k s -------------M anufacturing------------------------------------ 3 3 _ _ - 4 - 2.43 2.44' 3 3 _ _ 11 6 _ . - 110 83 8 8 . _ 4 4 - 3 3 2.29 2.25 23 ll _ 2 - 4 4 87 69 _ _ _ _ _ - 60 60 R eceiving c l e r k s ------------------- ---- ----------Manufacturing — ------- _ ----- ------- _ _ - _ _ _ _ - 47 39 8 - 15 9 6 - _ _ - _ 6 5 _ _ - 72 53 2.09 2.16 _ _ _ _ 4 _ 17 14 T ru ck d riv ers, m edium ( 1V2 to and including 4 tons)----------------------------M anufacturing-----------------— ---------- 92 71 2.33 2.33 T ru ck d riv ers, heavy (over 4 tons, tr a ile r type) — -----------------M anufacturing __ . __________ Nonmanufacturing-----------------------P ublic utilities 3______________ 739 137 602 565 2.85 2.42 2.95 3.01 - T ru c k d riv e r s , heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type)— — M anufacturing------- ------- — ---- 100 65 2.70 2.60 - T ru ck ers, pow er (fo r k lift )------------- -----M anufacturing------------------------------------ 262 236 2.47 2.52 Janitors, p o r te r s , and clea n ers (m e n )------- _ ---_ _ ____ __ __ M anufacturing----------------------------- -----N onm anufacturing----------------------------Public utilities 3--------------------------- 863 588“ 175 64 Janitors, p o r te r s , and clea n ers (w om en)---------------- ------------- ------------_________ M anufacturing. - Shipping c le r k s Manufacturing __ . — __ . ____ __ — . ___ . T ru ck d riv ers, light (under 1V2 ton s). . . . . 1 2 3 4 1.56 3 - _ - - _ - - _ - - _ - - _ - - 2 2 8 3 - 5 5 Data lim ited to m en w ork ers except w here otherw ise indicated. E xcludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. T ransportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. Includes all driv e rs r e g a rd le ss o f size and type o f truck operated. - _ 15 12 2 - 3 14 14 18 43 43 19 13 6 6 31 13 18 - 12 12 4 4 4 4 34 28 6 - 183 73 110 no 111 92 19 19 36 36 - - 125 125 125 378 378 378 10 9 10 -----5“ 12 12 11 11 9 3 6 6 17 11 20 14 5 5 - 9 9 " - - - - - - 15 15 46 46 - - - - 348 348 348 - - 88 88 88 - - 31 12 19 19 23 - 122 12 110 110 23 3 - - - 2 2 - 56 56 4 4 - - 30 30 27 27 11 11 81 65 6 6 41 41 _ 46 46 1 1 2 2 2 2 35 23 12 - _ _ _ 9 9 9 12 9 - - 5 5 8 8 3 - - 32 24 8 21 18 3 - - - - _ 8 5 148 90 58 6 32 24 8 - _ 7 7 5 5 1 1 _ - - _ 18 1$ 13 9 13 13 - 2 2 _ 22 22 6 3 - 14 14 - 9 9 4 4 25 25 4 4 _ _ 11 8 _ 14 12 _ - - - 2 5 5 ----- T~ - - - 30 - _ - _ - - " 1 1 4 4 _ - - _ - B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (D is trib u tio n o f e sta b lish m e n ts studied in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s b y m in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r y f o r s e le c t e d c a t e g o r ie s of in e x p e r ie n c e d w o m e n o f fic e w o r k e r s , A lle n to w n -B e th le h e m —E a ston , P a .—N .J ., F e b r u a r y 1964) In e x p e rie n ce d typ ists M anufacturing M in im um w e e k ly s t r a ig h t-t im e s a la r y 1 A ll in d u strie s O ther in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 N onm anufacturing B a se d on standard w ee k ly h ou rs 3 o f— A ll sch e d u le s 40 A ll sch ed u les N onm anufacturing M anufacturin g A ll in d u s trie s B a s e d on stan dard w e e k ly h o u r s 3 of— A ll s ch e d u le s 40 40 A ll sch ed u les 40 106 62 XXX 44 XXX 106 62 XXX 44 XXX 29 20 17 9 6 43 26 22 17 7 _ 1 1 1 8 3 6 2 _ 1 1 8 1 _ 8 1 _ 1 _ 2 1 1 3 4 14 5 3 3 1 1 1 _ 2 1 12 2 4 - _ _ 12 2 4 - 1 1 1 3 2 3 3 - - - - - - 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 - _ 2 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 _ 1 1 - _ 1 _ 2 1 _ 1 _ 1 1 - - - E s ta b lis h m e n ts h avin g n o s p e c ifie d m in im u m 24 11 XXX 13 XXX 38 21 XXX 17 XXX E s ta b lis h m e n ts w h ich d id not e m p lo y w o r k e r s in this c a t e g o r y _ _ _ _ 53 31 XXX 22 XXX 25 15 XXX 10 XXX E s ta b lis h m e n ts s tu d ie d - E s ta b lis h m e n ts havin g a s p e c ifie d m in im u m - $ 4 2 .5 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 2 .5 0 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 5 7 .5 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 2 .5 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 $ 6 7 .5 0 $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 7 2 .5 0 $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 7 7 .5 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 $ 8 2 .5 0 and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and u nd er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er un d er un d er u n d er u n d er un d er un d er un d er u n d er over $ 4 5 .0 0 __________________________________ $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 2 .5 0 _ - _ _ $ 5 5 .0 0 _ _ $ 5 7 .5 0 _ _ __ $ 6 0 .0 0 _ $ 6 2 .5 0 _____ $ 6 5 .0 0 — __ $ 6 7 .5 0 _ — $ 7 0 .0 0 _ $ 7 2 .5 0 — _ — $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 7 7 .5 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 — _ $ 8 2 .5 0 _ _ — 7 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 T h e se s a la r ie s r e la te to f o r m a lly e s ta b lis h e d m in im u m sta rtin g (h irin g ) r e g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s that a re pa id f o r standard w o rk w e e k s . E x clu d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c le r ic a l jo b s such as m e s s e n g e r o r o f fic e g ir l. Data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll standard w ork w eek s c o m b in e d , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n standard w o rk w e e k r e p o r te d . 3 - 12 Table B-2. Shift Differentials (Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls of m an u factu rin g plant w o r k e r s b y type and am ount o f d iffe r e n t ia l, A llen tow n —B ethlehem —E a ston , Pa.H M .J., F e b r u a r y 1964) P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa ctu rin g plant w o r k e r s — In esta b lish m en ts having f o r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 fo r — Shift d iffe r e n tia l A c tu a lly w ork in g on— Second shift w ork T h ird o r oth er shift w o rk S econ d sh ift 74.5 65.0 15.8 — 66.2 65.0 14.4 7.8 — 55.3 54.6 12.6 7.7 3 cen ts ------ — -------- - — ------------- — ~ - 4 cen ts _______ 5 cen ts ___ ___ ____ — ------- ---------------------6 cen ts ---------- — ---------------- --------- — 6V2 c e n t s ----------------------------------- -----------------7 c e n t s ---------------------------------------------------------8 cen ts — — ------ -------- — — 9 cen ts __ __ _ ------------------ — — 10 c e n t s .__________________ - _- ______ ______ 11 c e n ts — ------ - — — — - — 12 cen ts _______ — — ------ — _ — — 13 c e n ts — --------- ----- ------------- — — 14 c e n ts --- ------------------- ------- ----- -------------15 c e n ts -------------------------------------------------------- 2.0 1.8 10.6 2.2 .5 3.2 20.3 2.1 10.3 U n ifo rm p e r c e n t a g e ---------------------------------------10 p e r c e n t ------------------- -----------------------------H V 2 p e r c e n t -----------------------------------------------15 p e r c e n t ----------- ------- - ------ ------- — T o ta l ______________________________ _____________ W ith sh ift pay d iffe r e n tia l ----- ---------- U n ifo rm cen ts (p e r hour) — ------------------- O ther fo r m a l p a y d iffe r e n t ia l---------------------- — W ith no shift pay d iff e r e n t ia l------- ------------- — - 1.2 1.2 _ - 3.9 . 1.8 1.1 .9 14.3 1.5 19.4 _ .7 .6 2.1 .5 .1 .3 5.4 .5 2.2 - T h ird o r o th e r sh ift 7.8 _ - .9 _ .3 .1 (2) 1.0 .1 3.5 .3 _ - .6 11.1 - (2) 1.8 10.5 10.5 1.6 .1 6.1 4.3 4.4 4.3 1.8 .8 .8 .1 - - .4 .2 8.3 1.3 1 Inclu des e sta b lis h m e n ts c u r r e n tly o p e ra tin g late s h ifts, e v e n though they w e r e not c u r r e n t ly o p e ra tin g late shifts. 2 L e s s than 0.05 p e r c e n t. and e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith f o r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g late s h ifts 13 Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n o f o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y s ch e d u le d w e e k ly h ou rs o f f ir s t -s h if t w o r k e r s , A llen tow n —B eth le h e m —E a ston , P a .—N .J ., F e b r u a r y 1964) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKER8 W e e k ly h o u r s All industries1 35 h o u r s — __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ -------3 6 h o u r s __________________________________________________ 3 6 7 * h o u r s _______ ____________________ ______________________ O v e r 3 67 4 a n d u n d e r 37V z h o u r s __ ------ _ 3 7 V 2 h o u r s _____________ ________________ _____________ _____ O v e r 3772 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s — __ — __ — 4 0 h o u r s _____________________ _____________ __________ _______ O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s --------- ---------------- — 1 2 3 4 Manufacturing Public utilities 1 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing 100 100 100 100 100 4 3 5 4 _ _ 39 _ 13 _ - 16 _ _ _ 9 6 68 1 8 5 85 (4 ) 6 _ 55 - (4 ) 4 1 75 3 4 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n ce, in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . T r a n s p o rta tio n , com m u n ic a tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s. In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il tra d e , r e a l estate, and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t . 4 1 73 1 4 Public utilities2 100 _ _ _ _ _ 100 _ 11 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in all in d u s trie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by num ber of paid h o lid a y s p r o v id e d ann ually, A llen tow n —B eth le h e m —E a ston , P a .—N .J., F e b ru a r y 1964) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS Item A ll w o r k e r s _______________________ ___________ _ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g p aid h olid a y s _______ — _- ____ ___ _____ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g no paid h o l id a y s --------------------------------------------------- AU industrial1 Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries3 Manufacturing Publio utilities2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 99 100 2 1 3 2 1 14 6 2 2 2 1 12 7 2 “ ' N u m ber o f days L e s s than 5 h o lid a y s ------ ------------ ------- __ — 5 h olid a y s ------ _ 5 h o lid a y s plus 1 h alf day--------- — -------------- — 5 h o lid a y s plus 2 h alf d a y s ----------------------------------6 h olid a y s - ___ — _ __ __ __ — _____ ___ 6 h olid a y s plus 1 h a lf day - — --------------------- — 6 h o lid a y s plus 2 h a lf days --------------------------------6 h olid a y s plus 4 h alf days - ----------------------- ----7 h olid a ys — — ----- — ------------------------------------7 h olid a y s plus 1 h a lf day—------------------ -------------7 h o lid a y s plus 2 h a lf d a y s ----------------------------------7 h olid a y s plus 5 h a lf d a y s ----------------------------------_ _ _ _ ------- --- -----8 h olid a y s — 8 h olid a y s plus 2 h a lf days - ------------------ ---------9 h olid a ys ----------- - - — — -------- ----__ _____________ 10 h o lid a y s — — — — —— 11 h olid a y s __ _ _ __ — ------------------ ------12 h o lid a y . ------------------- ----------------------------- (;> 0 (4) 12 2 (4) 37 1 1 2 32 2 6 (4) 5 (4) 1 1 (4) 7 (4) 2 (4) 35 1 1 - 47 3 2 - 2 (4) 7 10 1 37 2 41 - 47 1 2 16 4 (4) (4) - 51 2 3 14 3 - 4 - 22 3 45 15 6 4 ' T o ta l h o lid a y tim e 5 12 days 1 1 days or rrm ro------------------ ----------------------------------10 days or m o r e — ------- - - — ----------- -----9V2 days or m o r e ---------------- -----— ----------------- 9 days o r m o r e ---------- —------------ -------------- — 8 days o r m o r e ------ ---------------------- — ----7V2 days o r m o r e _ ____________ — ___ — — 7 days o r m o r e __ ------------------ _ „ — ----6 V 2 days o r m o r e ------ -— — ----- -— ------6 days or m o r e - — ----— — — - ------— 5 days o r m o r e _ -----3 days o r m o r e ____________________ ______________ 1 day o r m o r e — _________ — _ — ----- - 1 2 3 4 5 no h a lf (4) 6 6 7 15 48 48 86 87 99 100 100 100 _ - 5 53 54 91 91 99 99 100 100 _ _ _ 41 43 43 81 91 91 (4 ) 1 1 4 23 24 3 20 22 _ 4 10 10 25 71 74 98 98 72 78 93 95 96 98 75 82 95 97 98 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 96 96 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a te ly . T r a n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th er p u b lic u t ilitie s . In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e , r e t a il tra d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s shown s e p a ra tely . L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t. A ll c o m b in a tio n s o f fu ll and h a lf days that add to the sam e am ount a re co m b in e d ; fo r e x a m p le , the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g a tota l o f 7 days in c lu d e s th ose w ith 7 fu ll days and da ys, 6 fu ll days and 2 h alf da ys, 5 fu ll days and 4 h alf d ays, and s o on. P r o p o r t io n s w e r e then cum ulated. 15 Table B-5. Paid Vacations1 (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by v a ca tio n pay p r o v is io n s , A llen tow n —B eth leh em —E a sto n , P a . —N . J . , F e b r u a r y 1964) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o l ic y All industries 2 A l l w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Manufacturing Publie utilities 3 All industries 4 Manufacturing Public utilities 3 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 ( 5) - 100 99 ( 5) - 100 100 - 99 75 24 1 100 71 28 1 100 100 M ethod o f paym en t W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g paid v a c a t io n s ------------------------------------------------------------------L e n g t h -o f-t im e p aym en t __ ---------------------------------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ------------------------------------------------F la t -s u m p a y m e n t ----------------------- --------------------------O t h e r ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no paid v a c a t io n s ------------------------------------------------------------- - - “ “ - ( 5) " 26 14 4 29 13 4 25 - " " 84 13 3 - 83 14 3 - 100 - A m oun t o f v a c a tio n pay 6 A ft e r 6 m on th s o f s e r v ic e U n der 1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------ ------------------1 w e e k _______________________________________________________ O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ - - 7 48 3 1 8 61 37 63 - 19 81 - ( 5) ( 5) 100 - 11 7 80 2 ( 5) 10 3 87 - 12 40 48 - 67 9 21 3 - 68 10 18 3 - 58 42 - 8 2 88 2 1 8 2 89 1 8 92 - 27 12 57 3 " 28 14 55 3 “ 100 - 8 2 88 2 8 2 89 1 8 92 - 27 12 58 3 ( 5) 28 13 55 3 “ 100 - 1 91 3 5 1 94 2 3 100 - 11 82 4 3 11 83 4 2 100 - 1 35 6 58 1 26 3 71 59 33 9 11 35 10 44 11 32 11 46 72 9 20 ( 5) 11 - 2 - A ft e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ____ 2 W P p jfR _ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------A ft e r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e l w «e k ___ O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ----------------------------------2 .... O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s _______________________ 3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------- ( 5) A ft e r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k --------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ----------------------------------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------A ft e r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k --------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ----------------------------------2 w eek s _______ - _________ __ _____________________ O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------- ------------------------A ft e r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k --------------------------------------------------------------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------- -----O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s _______________________ 3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------A ft e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k -------------- --------- ----------------------------------- 2 w e e k s -------------------------------- --------------------------------O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------- — 3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------- See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le . 16 Table B-5. Paid Vacations1— Continued (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fi c e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by v a ca tion pay p r o v is io n s , A llentow n—B eth leh em —E a ston , P a . —N. J. , F e b ru a r y 1964) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y Manufacturing Public utilities 3 All industries4 1 32 2 65 ( 5) 1 21 3 74 1 _ 53 _ 47 - 11 31 5 53 11 29 6 54 - _ 47 53 - 1 10 86 2 1 1 8 88 2 1 _ 2 98 - 11 23 3 60 1 1 11 23 4 59 1 1 _ 100 - 1 10 52 5 32 1 7 50 2 40 _ 2 50 33 15 11 22 3 52 2 10 11 22 4 55 1 6 _ 54 9 37 1 7 1 6 _ 26 2 66 - _ 2 46 53 - 11 20 3 20 1 44 - 11 20 4 21 1 43 " 1 6 26 2 66 _ 2 46 53 11 20 3 20 1 44 11 20 4 21 1 43 All industries 2 1 Manufacturing Public utilities3 A m ount o f v a c a tio n pay 6— C ontinued A fte r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ____ 2 w eek s — O v er 2 and 3 w eek s — 4 w e e k s __ _ __ _______ _ ___________ __________ ______ _____ _____ ______ __ ____ u nd er 3 w eek s — _______ __________ — _____ _ — ___ ______ _ __ ______ ___ _____ _ _ __ A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ___ ____ ___ __ — _________ ___ __ ..... __ ... . 7 « ; p p 1(9 ____ ... O ver 2 and un d er 3 w ee k s — _________ _____ — 3 w e e k s _________________ __________ _____ _________ O ver 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s __ ___ ___ ___ __ __ ___ __ _ _ __ __ __ 4 w eek s — __ A ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek __ _____ _ — ____ 2 w eek s — _ ____ — -----O ver 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s --------------- — __________ 3 w eek s — — — —___ _ _ __ ________ ____ _____ ______ O ver 3 and u n d er 4 w ee k s — 4 w eek s - ___ __ __ _ __ _____ _ __ A fte r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek. _ _ _ _ ------ ------- -------2 w eek s _ __ _ _ _____ ____ __ __ O ver 2 and u n d er 3 w ee k s __ _ _____ 3 w eek s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ O v er 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s ----------------------------------4 w eek s - — __ _ _ — __ _ __ _ O v er 4 w e e k s — — _ — — _ — _ — - 34 1 56 ( 5) - _ - 34 66 - A ft e r 30 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ___ __ ____ ___ ___ _ __ 2 w eek s - -----------------------------O v er 2 and un d er 3 w ee k s — __ ------- -----3 w eek s _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ — ------O v er 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s --------- _ _ _ 4 w eek s .._______________ ____ , ....— O v er 4 w e e k s ---------- _ _ _ _ _ _ ----- __ — - 1 7 - 34 1 56 ( 5) _ - 34 _ 66 1 In clu des b a s ic plans on ly. E x clu d e s plans su ch as v a c a t io n -s a v in g s and th o se plans w h ich o f fe r "e x te n d e d " o r " s a b b a t ic a l" b en efits b eyon d b a s ic plans to w o r k e r s w ith q u a lify in g len gth s o f s e r v ic e . T y p ic a l o f su ch e x c lu s io n s a r e plans r e c e n t ly n e g o tia te d in the s t e e l, alum in um , and can in d u s tr ie s . 2 Inclu des data f o r w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in a dd ition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a t e ly . 3 T r a n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 4 In clu des data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il tr a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s , in a dd ition to th o se in d u s try d iv is io n s shown se p a r a te ly . 5 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. 6 In clu des paym ents o th e r than "le n g th o f tim e , " su ch as p e r c e n ta g e o f annual e a rn in g s o r f la t -s u m p a y m e n ts, c o n v e r te d to an equivalent tim e b a s is ; f o r e x a m p le , a paym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay. P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e r e a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the individ ual p r o v is io n s f o r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r e x a m p le , the ch a n ges in p r o p o r tio n s in d ica te d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e in clu d e ch a n g e s in p r o v is io n s o c c u r r in g b etw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . E stim a te s a re cu m u la tiv e. T h u s, the p r o p o r t io n r e c e iv in g 3 w e e k s ' pay o r m o r e a fte r 5 y e a r s in clu d e s th o s e w ho r e c e iv e 3 w e e k s ' pay o r m o r e a ft e r fe w e r y e a r s o f s e r v ic e . 17 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s e m p lo y e d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g h ealth, in s u ra n ce, o r p e n s io n b e n e f i t s ,1 A llen tow n —B eth leh em —E a sto n , P a . —N. J . , F e b r u a r y 1964) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS T y p e o f b e n e fit All industries2 -------------------------------------- — 100 Public utilities 3 100 100 All industries 4 100 Public utilities 3 Manufacturing o o A l l w o r k e r s ------------- WMmtMtnrlii| 100 1 W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g : 93 94 100 93 96 41 48 15 40 40 41 87 91 6 67 87 91 *61 S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e -------------S ick le a v e (fu ll p a y and no w a itin g p e r io d ) ____ ______________ _____ S ick le a v e ( p a r t ia l p a y o r w a itin g p e r io d ) ------------------------------------------ 62 87 14 83 90 35 61 60 57 4 2 *10 5 2 2 7 6 20 H o s p ita liz a tio n in s u r a n c e _________________ S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e ------------- — — ------ - — M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e ------------------------------------------C a ta s tr o p h e in s u r a n c e ------------------------------------R e tir e m e n t p e n s io n — _____________ — — N o h ea lth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p l a n ------- 90 85 82 40 81 1 96 94 91 31 91 2 92 92 92 81 55 91 90 57 15 75 1 95 95 56 13 81 80 80 80 56 70 L ife in s u r a n c e -------------------------------------------------A c c id e n t a l death and d is m e m b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e ______ - ____ ______ __ ___ _ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r s ic k le a v e o r b oth 5 _ 6 ____________ ______ __ 6 100 1 In clu d es th o s e plan s f o r w h ich at le a s t a part o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p lo y e r , e x c e p t th o s e le g a lly r e q u ir e d , su ch as w o r k m e n 's co m p e n s a tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. 2 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e ta il tr a d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th er pu b lic u t ilitie s . 4 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il tr a d e , reed estate, and s e r v ic e s , in a d d ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 5 U n d u p lica ted to ta l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ic k le a v e o r s ick n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e show n s e p a r a te ly b e lo w . S ick le a v e plans a r e lim it e d to th o s e w h ich d e fin ite ly e s ta b lis h at lea st the m in im u m n u m b er o f d a y s ' p a y that ca n b e e x p e cte d by ea ch e m p lo y e e . I n fo rm a l s ic k le a v e a llo w a n c e s d e te r m in e d on an in divid u al b a s is a r e e x clu d e d . 6 N ot c o m p a r a b le w ith e s t im a t e s in e a r lie r s u r v e y s due to a m o r e p r e c is e in te rp re ta tio n o f e s ta b lis h m e n t p r o v is io n s . 18 Table B-7. Paid Sick Leave (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by fo r m a l s ic k le a v e p r o v is io n s , A llen tow n —B eth le h e m —E a ston , P a .—N .J ., F e b ru a r y 1964) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS S ick le a v e p r o v is io n All industries 1 A ll w o r k e r s .. W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g fo r m a l p aid s ic k le a v e __________________ W o r k e r s in es ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g no fo r m a l paid s ic k le a v e ______________ Manufacturing Public utilities 2 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 6 .5 6 2 .5 5 9 .3 3 3 .5 3 7 .5 4 0 .7 All industries 34 6 5 Manufacturing 100.0 100.0 11.2 88.8 8.2 91.8 Publio utilities2 100.0 2 9 .9 7 0 .1 Type and am ount o f paid s ic k le a v e p r o v id e d annually U n iform p la n :4 No w aitin g p e r i o d ------F u ll pay 5 ------------------------------------------------5 d a y s ---------------------------------------------10 d a y s _______________________________ F u ll pay plus p a r tia l pay 5-------------------G raduated p la n 4— A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e : N o w aitin g p e r i o d ---------------------------------------F u ll p a y 5________________________________ 5 d a y s ________________________________ 6 d a y s ------------------------------------------------10 d a y s _____ — ------ ------------------------15 d a y s ___ ____________________________ 40—50 d a y s ----------------------------------------F u ll pay plus p a r tia l p a y 5. ____________ P a r t ia l pay o n ly . W aiting p e r i o d _____ F u ll p a y plu s p a r tia l p a y — P a r tia l pay o n l y ---------------G raduated p l a n 4— A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i o N o w aitin g p e r i o d --------------------------------------F u ll p a y 5_______________________________ 7 days — -------------------------------------------10 d ays.. 12 d ays.. 18 days-. 30 d ays.. 50 d a y s ___________________ 60 d a y s ----------------------------80—90 d a y s ------------------ --F u ll pay p lu s p a r tia l p a y 550 d ays..--------------------------65 d ays.. 72 d a y s______________ 65 days p e r illn e s s . W aiting p e r i o d ---------------------------------------F u ll p a y______________________________ F u ll pay plus p a r tia l p a y ---------- ------- 10.6 6.6 5 .6 4 .1 4 .0 2 .4 3 .4 1.2 1.2 _ 1.2 1 .9 - - " 1 4 .7 2.8 4 6 .2 3 9 .9 7 .0 3 .0 7 .1 .6 22.2 2 .4 .8 4 .0 5 .6 4 .2 .2 1.2 5 0 .1 4 0 .6 .2 1.0 4 .9 3 .0 2 .7 3 .2 .6 22.2 9 .5 3 .4 _ .8 3 .5 1 .7 1 .7 8 .5 5 1 .9 4 4 .7 1.8 . 8 .4 _ 3 4 .5 1.8 2 .9 1 .5 1.1 ( 6) 1 .4 5 4 .3 4 8 .2 4 3 .5 .7 .4 _ 4 ,7 . _ .4 . . .4 _ . . 1 2 3 4 .5 .5 - _ - - - 1.6 . . _ _ _ . . . . _ 5 .4 6.1 6.1 . . 3 .8 3 .8 _ 6.8 1.6 1.1 - 4 .0 1 .3 4 .8 5 6 .2 5 0 .2 3 .8 1 .3 4 .8 3 8 .7 _ . . . . 2.1 .3 1.8 5 2 .2 4 4 .7 _ _ . . 4 .2 4 .2 _ 2.0 . . . 4 .7 . 3 4 .5 7 .5 6.1 5 .4 6.1 . 1.8 1.8 _ _ . 1.8 1.8 _ _ .8 .2 .4 . 3 .0 .9 .8 . .2 4 .5 .8 3 .7 6.1 _ _ _ _ . . _ _ . _ 1 .3 _ _ _ _ 4 .8 .4 4 .4 - 6.6 6.6 . _ _ 6.6 . . _ _ 9 .9 9 .9 . - 2 3 .6 10.2 3 .6 _ . _ _ _ 6.6 _ 1 3 .3 _ 1 3 .3 _ _ 6 .3 6 .3 ' P r o v is io n s f o r a ccu m u la tio n W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts having p r o v is io n s fo r a ccu m u la tio n o f unused s ic k l e a v e --------------------------------------------------- 2.1 4 .1 .4 5 .0 .6 9 .9 In clu des data fo r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a te ly . T r a n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th er p u b lic u t ilitie s . In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e , r e t a il tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s , in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s shown s e p a ra tely . "U n ifo r m p la n s" a r e d e fin e d as th o se f o r m a l plans under w h ich an e m p lo y e e , a fte r 1 y e a r of s e r v ic e , is entitled to the sam e num ber o f d a y s ' pa id s ic k le a v e e a c h y e a r . "G r a d u a te d pla n s" a re d efin ed as th o se fo r m a l plans under w h ich an e m p lo y e e 's le a v e v a r ie s a c c o r d in g to length o f s e r v ic e . P e r io d s of s e r v ic e w e re a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n . E s tim a te s r e fl e c t p r o v is io n s a p p lic a b le at the stated length o f s e r v ic e but do not r e fl e c t p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n . Thus, the p r o p o r t io n r e c e iv in g 15 d a y s ' s ic k lea v e a fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e m a y a ls o r e c e iv e this am ount a fter g r e a te r o r l e s s e r lengths o f s e r v ic e . 5 M ay in clu d e p r o v is io n s oth er than th o se p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly . N u m bers o f days show n under " F u l l pay plus p a rtia l pay" are days f o r w h ic h w o r k e r s r e c e iv e s ic k le a v e at fu ll pay; w o r k e r s a re e n title d to a dd ition al days o f s ic k le a v e at p a r tia l pay. 6 L e s s than 0.05 p e r c e n t. Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose o f preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety o f payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because o f this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bu reau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type o f machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A . Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (hilling machine). Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from custom ers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge o f basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (hookkeeping m achine).U ses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A . Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 19 20 CLERK, ACCOUNTING-Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, adjusting, and closin g journal entries; and may direct cla ss B a c counting clerks. Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple co st accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge o f accounting and book keeping principles but is found in office s in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A . In an established filing system containing a number o f varied subject matter file s, cla ssifie s and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records o f various types in con junction with the file s. May lead a small group o f lower level file clerks. Class B# Sorts, cod es, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly cla ssifie d material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service file s. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the follow ing: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities o f items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating o f customer, acknowledge receipt o f orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file o f orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and d is tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use o f a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance o f other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Class C9 Performs routine filing o f material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily cla ssified in a simple serial classification system (e.g ., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ica l). As requested, loca tes readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file o f used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 21 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C lass A . Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class B. Under close supervision or following sp ecific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follow s specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and d is tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and SECRETARY — Continued making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other rela tively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER,SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and o f the sp ecific business operations, organization, p o licie s, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. 22 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls. May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATO R-Continued Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties o f operator on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerica l work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part o f this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A. Operates a variety o f tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety o f long and complex re ports which often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences o f long and com plex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision o f the work and production of a group o f tabulating-machine operators. Class B# Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp ecific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts o f a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specia lized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make cop ies o f various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerica l work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records., filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A. Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources err responsibility for correct spellin g, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing o f com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B. Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance pol icie s , etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 23 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN DRAFTSMAN—Continued Leader. Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation o f working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Inter preting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; deter mining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and in specting their work; and performing more difficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. Senior. Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cro ss-se ctio n s, e tc., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams, and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a spe cia lized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. Junior ( assistant). Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types o f drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general medical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who be come ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other estab lishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Givingfirst aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees* in juries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carry ing out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evalu ation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, wel fare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made o f wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 24 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, d is tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any o f a variety o f electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay outs, or other sp ecification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind o f work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record o f operation o f machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or ch ief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation o f one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction o f machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree o f accuracy; using a variety o f pre cision measuring instruments; selectin g feeds, speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or o il burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts o f mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety o f ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to clo s e toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds, and speeds o f machining; knowledge o f the working 25 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE-Continued MILLWRIGHT properties o f the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers o f gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors o f an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or sp ecia lized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or d efectiv e parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work o f the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually a c quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use o f handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production o f a re placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for die production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work o f a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this cla ssifica tion are workers whose primary duties invQlve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces o f mechanical equipment o f an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an e s tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge o f surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work o f the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specification s; cutting various s iz e s of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 26 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued and fastening pipe to hangers;making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and siz e of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specification s. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating system s are excluded. types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety o f handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work o f the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation o f vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, sh elves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types o f sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other sp ecification s; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written sp ecification s; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding o f the working properties o f common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling o f machines; heattreating o f metal parts during fabrication as well as o f finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assem bling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; and selectin g appro priate materials, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an o ffice building, apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those o f starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine p olice duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and ch eck on identity o f em ployees and other persons entering. 27 PACKER, SHIPPING JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance serv ices; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who sp ecia lize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp e cific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number o f units to be packed, the type o f container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing o f items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge o f various items o f stock in order to verify content; selection o f appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks,or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. sible for incoming shipments o f merchandise or other materials. ping work involves: routes, Ship A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file o f shipping records. direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. work involves: May Receiving Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness o f shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and refecting damaged goods; routing merchan ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers9 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records o f outgoing orders, requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform Other related duties. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s: R eceiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 28 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types o f estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers' houses or places of business. May a lso load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials o f all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssifie d by size and type o f equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f s iz e s listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1% tons) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type o f truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds o f premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Available On Request— The fourth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors of personnel, managers of office services, and clerical employees. Order as BLS Bulletin 1387, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Tech nical, and Clerical Pay, February—March 1963- 40 cents a copy. Occupational W age Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, E|. C. , 20402, or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. Area Bulletin number Price Akron, Ohio_______ *______________________ Albany—Schenectady—Troy, N. Y1__*______ Albuquerque, N. M e x ____________________ Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, P a.—N. J1_ Atlanta, Ga_______________________________ Baltimore, M d ___________________________ Beaumont—Port Arthur, T e x _____________ Birmingham, A la_________________________ Boise, Idaho_____________________________ Boston, Mass 1____ _________ *_____________ 1345-81 1385-52 1345-63 1385-53 1345-71 1385-24 1345-67 1345-56 1345-74 1385-16 20 25 20 25 25 25 20 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Buffalo, N. Y _____________________________ Burlington, V t____________________________ Canton, Ohio_______________________ ______ Charleston, W. V a _______________________ Charlotte, N. C ___________________________ Chattanooga, Tenn.—Ga__________________ Chicago, 1111_____________________________ Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky______ *_______________ Cleveland, Ohio__________________________ Columbus, Ohio__________________________ 1385-33 1385-47 1345-64 1345-61 1345-58 1385-5 1345-65 1345-54 1385-11 1385-25 25 20 20 20 20 20 30 20 25 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Dallas, T e x ______________________________ Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—111 .. Dayton, Ohio1_____________________________ Denver, Colo 1____________________________ Des Moines, Iowa1________________________ Detroit, Mich_____________________________ Fort Worth, Tex_________________________ Green Bay, W is__________________________ Greenville, S. C __________________________ Houston, Tex _____________________________ 1385-15 1385-12 1385-40 1385-34 1385-44 1385-43 1385-19 1385-4 1345-68 1345-82 25 20 25 25 25 25 20 20 20 25 Indianapolis, Ind 1_________________________ Jackson, M iss1______________ ____________ Jacksonville, F la_________________ ________ Kansas City, M o.—Kans 1_________________ Lawrence—Haverhill, M ass.—N. H _______ Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark______ Los Angeles—Long Beach, Calif1_________ Louisville, Ky. —Ind____ ________ . ________ Lubbock, Tex_____________________________ Manchester, N. H_________________________ Memphis, Tenn1_________________________ 1385-30 1385-41 1385-32 1385-26 1345-77 1385-3 1345-62 1385-50 1345-72 1385-1 1385-35 25 25 20 25 20 20 30 20 20 20 25 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. Area Bulletin number Price Miami, F la 1___________________________________ Milwaukee, W is1______ _______________________ Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn___________________ Muskegon—Muskegon Heights , M ich___________ Newark and Jersey City, N. J1_________________ New Haven, Conn1_____________________________ New Orleans, La______________________________ New York, N. Y 1_______________________________ Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Ya 1________________________________ Oklahoma City, Okla__________________________ 1385-29 1345-59 1385-39 1345-69 1385-49 1385-37 1385-42 1345-79 25 25 25 20 30 25 25 40 1345-75 1385-2 25 cents 20 cents Omaha, Nebr.-Iowa 1__________________________ Paterson—Clifton—Passaic, N. J ________________ Philadelphia, P a.-N . J 1_______________________ Phoenix, A riz_________________________________ Pittsburgh, P a__________________________ *_____ Portland, Maine1______________ -_______________ Portland, Or eg. —W ash_________________________ Providence—Pawtucket, R. I.—M ass1___________ Raleigh, N. C 1_____________ *___________________ Richmond, Va 1______ *_______ __________________ 1385-14 1345-76 1385-31 1345-57 1385-38 1385-22 1345-73 1345-70 1385-7 1385-23 25 20 30 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Rockford, 111______________________________ .___ 1345-55 St. Louis, M o .-Ill_____________________________ 1385-21 Salt Lake City, Utah__________________________ 1385-28 San Antonio, Tex1______________________________ 1345-78 San Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, Calif1____ 1385-9 San Diego, Calif_______________________________ 1385-13 San Francisco—Oakland, Calif1________________ 1385-36 Savannah, Ga_______________ ___________________ 1345-60 Scranton, P a 1_________________________________ 1385-8 Seattle, Wash1_________________________________ 1385-10 20 25 20 25 25 20 25 20 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Sioux Falls, S. Dak1___________________________ 1385-20 South Bend, Ind1._______________________________ 1385-51 Spokane, Wash1, _______________________________ 1345-66 Toledo, Ohio__________________________________ 1385-46 Trenton, N. J__________________________________ 1385-27 Washington, D .C .-M d .-V a ___________________ 1385-17 Waterbury, Conn1______________________________ 1385-48 Waterloo, Iowa________________________________ 1385-18 Wichita, Kans_________________________________ 1385-6 Worcester, Mass______________________________ 1345-80 York, Pa1_____________________________________ 1385-45 25 25 25 20 20 25 25 20 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents