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York–Hanover, PA National Compensation Survey September 2007 _________________________________________________________________________________________ U.S. Department of Labor Elaine L. Chao, Secretary U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Keith Hall, Commissioner June 2008 Preface D Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, 2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE., Room 4175, Washington, DC 20212–0001, call (202) 691–6199, or send an e-mail to NCSinfo@bls.gov. The data contained in this bulletin are also available at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/compub.htm, the BLS Internet site. Data are presented in a Portable Document Format (PDF) file containing the core bulletin, and in an ASCII file containing the published table formats. Results of earlier surveys of this area are available from BLS regional offices, the Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, or at the BLS Internet site. Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691–5200; Federal Relay Service: 1–800–877–8339. ata shown in this bulletin were collected as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) National Compensation Survey (NCS). The survey could not have been conducted without the cooperation of the many private establishments and government agencies that provided pay data included in this bulletin. The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation. Field economists of the Bureau of Labor Statistics collected and reviewed the survey data. The Office of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation with the Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office, designed the survey, processed the data, and prepared the survey for publication. For additional information regarding this survey, please contact any BLS regional office at the address and telephone number listed on the back cover of this bulletin. You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at: iii Contents Page Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Tables: 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics.................................................................................................. 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers by work levels............................................................................................................................... 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers by work levels............................................................................................................................... 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers by work levels............................................................................................................................... 5. Combined work levels for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers ................................................................................................................... 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles................................................................................... 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles ...................................................................... 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles .................................................... 9. Full-time civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles .................................................................... 10. Part-time civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles .................................................................... 11. Full-time civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................ 12. Full-time private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................ 13. Full-time State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................ 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings of private industry establishments for major occupational groups...................................................................................................... 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time private industry workers .................... 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time private industry workers .................... 17. Union and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings for major occupational groups .................. 18. Time and incentive workers: Mean hourly earnings for major occupational groups .................... 19. Industry sector: Mean hourly earnings for private industry workers by major occupational group ........................................................................................................ 3 4 7 10 11 14 16 18 19 21 22 24 26 27 28 29 31 32 33 Appendixes: A. Technical Note............................................................................................................................... Appendix table 1. Number of workers represented by the survey ................................................ Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response ........................................................................ B. Standard Occupational Classification System................................................................................ v A–1 A–5 A–6 B–1 Introduction T About the tables The tables that follow present data on straight-time occupational earnings, which include wages and salaries, incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. These earnings exclude premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. About 800 detailed occupations, listed in Appendix B, are used to describe all occupations in the civilian nonfarm economy (excluding the Federal Government and private households). Data are not shown for any occupations if they would raise concerns about the confidentiality of the survey respondents or if the data are insufficient to support reliable estimates. Table 1 presents an overview of all tables in this bulletin. Mean hourly earnings, weekly hours, and relative standard errors are given for all industries, private industry, and State and local government for selected worker and establishment characteristics. The worker characteristics include high-level and intermediate occupational aggregation, fulltime or part-time status, union or nonunion status, and time or incentive pay. Establishment characteristics include goods producing, service providing, and size of establishment. Table 2 presents mean hourly earnings data by work level for occupational major groups and for detailed occupations. Separate data are also shown for full-time and part-time workers. Table 3 provides work level data for private industry workers. Table 4 provides similar data for State and local government workers. Table 5 simplifies the work levels by combining them into broader groups within major and detailed occupations, and for full-time and parttime workers. Tables 6 through 10 present hourly wage percentiles that describe the distribution of hourly earnings for individual workers within each published occupation. Data are provided for the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles for detailed occupations within all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time workers, and part-time workers. Table 11 presents mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings, and the associated hours, for major occupational groups and detailed occupations for full-time workers. Table 12 provides the same type of information for private industry workers. Table 13 provides similar data for State and local government workers. Table 14 presents mean hourly earnings data for establishment employment sizes by high-level occupational aggregations in the private sector. Tables 15 and 16 provide he tables in this bulletin summarize the NCS results for the York–Hanover, PA, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Data were collected between March 2007 and April 2008; the average reference month is September 2007. Tabulations provide information on earnings of workers in a variety of occupations and at different work levels. Also contained in this bulletin are information on the program, a technical note describing survey procedures, and an appendix with detailed information on occupational classifications. Most of the earnings estimates in this bulletin are presented as mean hourly earnings. Mean weekly and annual earnings, and the corresponding hours, also are provided for full-time employees in specific occupations. Some occupations, such as teachers and fire fighters, typically have shorter or longer work schedules than do the majority of full-time workers. The weekly and annual estimates are useful for comparing the earnings of occupations having different work schedules. NCS products The Bureau’s National Compensation Survey provides comprehensive measures of occupational earnings, compensation cost trends, benefit incidence, and detailed plan provisions. The Employment Cost Index, a quarterly measure of the change in employer costs for wages and benefits, is derived from the NCS. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation measures employers’ average hourly costs for wages and benefits. NCS also measures the incidence and provisions of benefit plans. This bulletin is limited to data on occupational wages and salaries. Changes to the publications The locality wage publications are undergoing a number of significant changes. Please see the bulletins published between September 2006 and July 2007 for information on earlier changes. The areas covered by the publications are currently being updated to the December 2003 definitions of Combined Statistical Areas, Metropolitan Statistical Areas, and Micropolitan Statistical Areas, as determined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB). This bulletin includes a new State and local government sample that reflects the new area definition. In appendix table 2, the total numbers of establishments in the sampling frame are now benchmarked to the latest available establishment counts, adjusted for establishments that are out of scope for NCS. 1 high-level occupational aggregation. Table 19 presents mean hourly earnings data for major industry divisions within the private sector. Appendix table 1 presents the number of workers represented by the survey, by high-level occupational aggregation and for all industries, private industry, and State and local government. Appendix table 2 provides the number of establishments in the sampling frame and the number of responding and nonresponding establishments. mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings data for full-time employees in private establishments with fewer than 100 workers, and in private establishments with 100 workers or more. Table 17 presents mean hourly earnings data for union and nonunion workers in all, private, and State and local government establishments by high-level occupational aggregation. Table 18 provides hourly earnings data for time and incentive workers in all and private establishments by 2 Table 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Civilian workers Worker and establishment characteristics Private industry workers Hourly earnings Mean Relative error2 (percent) $17.46 4.3 Management, professional, and related ........... Management, business, and financial .......... Professional and related ............................... Service .............................................................. Sales and office ................................................ Sales and related .......................................... Office and administrative support ................. Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ................................................... Construction and extraction ......................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ............ Production, transportation, and material moving ............................................................ Production .................................................... Transportation and material moving ............. 28.95 29.92 28.60 9.57 13.71 13.95 13.55 State and local government workers Hourly earnings Mean weekly hours3 Mean Relative error2 (percent) 35.6 $16.74 4.0 3.6 7.0 5.6 5.1 3.0 8.3 5.2 36.0 42.3 34.2 31.0 32.9 31.0 34.3 28.07 29.49 27.50 9.07 13.70 13.95 13.52 19.20 19.04 19.40 3.6 4.9 7.3 39.6 39.7 39.6 14.68 15.10 13.96 4.2 5.9 3.3 Full time ............................................................ Part time ........................................................... 18.61 9.55 Union ................................................................ Nonunion .......................................................... Time .................................................................. Incentive ........................................................... Hourly earnings Mean weekly hours3 Mean weekly hours3 Mean Relative error2 (percent) 35.8 $26.11 14.3 34.0 3.5 8.0 5.7 3.3 3.1 8.3 5.4 36.8 42.9 34.8 30.8 32.8 31.0 34.2 32.06 32.54 31.96 15.64 14.03 – 14.03 7.5 12.4 10.5 9.5 12.6 – 12.6 33.5 39.2 32.6 34.0 37.2 – 37.2 19.33 19.10 19.61 3.6 5.0 7.3 39.8 40.0 39.6 – – – – – – – – – 39.5 39.9 38.9 14.70 15.13 13.99 4.3 6.0 3.3 39.6 39.9 39.1 – – – – – – – – – 4.4 7.2 39.7 21.0 17.86 9.52 4.1 7.3 39.9 21.4 26.96 10.47 12.7 14.4 37.6 12.3 21.95 16.76 12.6 3.8 39.0 35.2 18.03 16.60 12.7 3.9 40.0 35.3 30.95 20.58 16.9 3.1 37.0 31.2 17.46 17.32 4.6 12.5 35.4 40.5 16.71 17.32 4.3 12.5 35.6 40.5 26.11 – 14.3 – 34.0 – Goods producing .............................................. Service providing .............................................. (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) 18.30 15.82 3.7 5.6 39.9 33.7 (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) 1-99 workers ..................................................... 100-499 workers ............................................... 500 workers or more ......................................... 15.16 17.56 21.59 7.1 5.5 10.2 34.2 36.4 37.2 15.12 16.97 20.00 7.3 5.6 6.8 34.6 36.4 37.5 16.45 27.32 27.68 5.7 4.5 22.0 23.9 36.8 36.1 All workers .......................................................... Worker characteristics4,5 Establishment characteristics 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 5 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-providing industries applies to private industry only. Industries are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 3 Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) All workers .............................................................................. $17.46 4.3 $18.61 4.4 $9.55 7.2 Management occupations ................................................. Level 9 ............................................................. 34.47 33.75 6.6 6.2 34.47 33.75 6.6 6.2 – – – – Business and financial operations occupations ............. Level 7 ............................................................. Accountants and auditors ................................................. 25.73 22.26 22.04 11.3 10.8 12.6 25.73 22.26 22.04 11.3 10.8 12.6 – – – – – – Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 23.20 9.0 23.20 9.0 – – Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Level 9 ............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Engineers ......................................................................... Level 9 ............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Mechanical engineers ................................................... Engineering technicians, except drafters .......................... 33.48 33.94 40.66 35.62 33.94 40.66 38.24 23.97 4.2 2.6 6.1 4.0 2.6 6.1 2.6 3.7 33.96 33.94 40.66 36.43 33.94 40.66 38.24 23.97 4.0 2.6 6.1 2.8 2.6 6.1 2.6 3.7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Community and social services occupations .................. 22.51 20.1 23.70 20.5 – – Education, training, and library occupations .................. Level 9 ............................................................. Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Level 9 ............................................................. Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... Level 9 ............................................................. 32.86 39.65 6.8 2.6 33.55 39.68 4.2 2.6 – – – – 40.15 40.33 39.57 39.75 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 40.15 40.33 39.57 39.75 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 – – – – – – – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Level 5 ............................................................. Level 9 ............................................................. Registered nurses ............................................................ Level 9 ............................................................. Therapists ......................................................................... Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... 27.96 23.88 28.27 28.39 27.78 27.41 17.82 5.3 15.2 6.6 3.8 7.3 3.3 2.0 28.72 – – 29.12 – – 17.81 5.4 – – 3.9 – – 2.0 24.18 – – – – – – 9.5 – – – – – – Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... 12.02 12.37 11.56 10.95 11.21 10.65 11.81 9.5 8.4 10.0 3.2 5.1 6.0 .8 12.00 12.39 11.47 10.87 11.19 – 11.71 9.7 8.5 10.0 2.9 5.4 – .8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Cooks ............................................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Food service, tipped ......................................................... Waiters and waitresses ................................................ Fast food and counter workers ......................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food ................................................... 7.31 6.17 7.23 10.31 9.78 3.06 2.94 8.55 7.87 1.8 28.9 10.1 2.2 3.5 5.4 1.3 8.0 5.1 9.43 – 9.34 – – – – – – 9.4 – 12.4 – – – – – – 6.02 6.81 5.58 – – 3.08 2.95 7.34 – 8.61 9.6 – – – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Level 1 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Level 1 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. 9.92 8.72 11.00 9.28 8.72 10.26 5.5 3.3 5.2 3.5 3.3 4.9 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Sales and related occupations .......................................... 13.95 8.3 18.21 8.6 7.91 See footnotes at end of table. 4 2.6 19.8 10.9 – – 5.5 1.6 5.1 – .6 Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Sales and related occupations –Continued Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 6 ............................................................. First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ............... Retail sales workers ......................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Cashiers ................................................................... Retail salespersons ...................................................... Level 4 ............................................................. $8.51 8.41 12.35 23.49 27.62 9.07 8.51 8.41 12.14 8.34 8.34 10.14 12.23 4.1 4.9 2.0 17.9 20.4 .5 4.1 4.9 1.8 6.0 6.0 .8 3.0 $10.51 – 12.64 23.49 27.62 11.16 10.51 – 12.52 10.24 10.24 11.56 – 6.6 – 3.9 17.9 20.4 3.1 6.6 – 5.4 6.4 6.4 4.8 – – – – – – $7.91 – – – 7.60 7.60 8.50 – – – – – – 0.6 – – – 2.8 2.8 2.6 – Office and administrative support occupations .............. Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Financial clerks ................................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Level 4 ............................................................. Tellers ........................................................................... Customer service representatives .................................... Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................ Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Level 4 ............................................................. Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ Level 4 ............................................................. 13.55 10.40 13.07 15.35 17.16 12.60 12.64 14.00 13.41 14.00 11.63 13.91 – 17.26 16.56 17.62 13.41 15.51 5.2 8.2 7.8 3.9 5.4 3.9 4.1 4.5 6.1 4.9 2.8 7.0 – 5.6 10.6 5.8 5.3 5.4 14.13 10.42 13.25 15.58 17.16 12.63 12.67 14.00 13.41 14.00 11.67 13.91 11.62 18.53 – 18.56 13.46 15.51 4.1 8.3 8.0 3.7 5.4 4.0 4.0 4.5 6.1 4.9 2.7 7.0 21.6 2.7 – 3.3 5.4 5.4 9.02 9.17 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.0 5.5 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Construction and extraction occupations ....................... Level 3 ............................................................. Level 7 ............................................................. 19.04 15.84 25.63 4.9 .3 15.9 19.03 15.84 25.63 4.9 .3 15.9 – – – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... Level 4 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Level 6 ............................................................. Level 7 ............................................................. Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... Level 7 ............................................................. Industrial machinery mechanics ................................... 19.40 14.55 19.77 21.21 24.02 7.3 5.1 7.1 12.1 6.3 19.45 14.55 19.77 21.21 24.02 7.3 5.1 7.1 12.1 6.3 – – – – – – – – – – 18.39 21.21 20.85 4.6 2.4 2.9 18.39 21.21 20.85 4.6 2.4 2.9 – – – – – – 15.10 10.04 13.52 16.55 17.78 20.70 23.92 5.9 14.2 9.2 .1 2.1 3.9 5.2 15.12 10.04 13.52 16.55 17.86 20.70 23.92 5.8 14.2 9.2 .1 2.7 3.9 5.2 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 23.28 15.50 14.71 1.1 13.5 5.0 23.28 15.50 14.71 1.1 13.5 5.0 – – – – – – 15.01 9.9 15.01 9.9 – – 14.74 19.43 19.75 18.79 6.2 15.0 14.1 20.9 14.74 19.43 19.75 18.79 6.2 15.0 14.1 20.9 – – – – – – – – Production occupations .................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Level 6 ............................................................. Level 7 ............................................................. First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers ....................................................... Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators ....................... Miscellaneous food processing workers ........................... Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ......................................................... Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic .............. Welding, soldering, and brazing workers .......................... Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers ...................... Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers ............. See footnotes at end of table. 5 Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Production occupations –Continued Printers ............................................................................. Printing machine operators ........................................... Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers ....... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Level 6 ............................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ......................... Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................ Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ Level 3 ............................................................. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ........................................................................ Packers and packagers, hand ...................................... Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) $20.43 21.06 19.30 14.94 11.09 19.82 1.3 1.6 1.2 2.3 19.4 .0 $20.43 21.06 19.58 14.94 11.12 19.82 1.3 1.6 2.6 2.3 19.4 .0 – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.96 12.20 14.70 16.03 19.09 15.13 16.23 15.30 13.22 14.33 3.3 8.9 9.1 2.3 6.7 3.5 2.5 6.5 4.0 8.8 14.11 12.20 14.70 16.03 19.09 15.13 16.23 15.30 13.35 14.33 3.5 8.9 9.1 2.3 6.7 3.5 2.5 6.5 4.4 8.8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.67 – 6.3 14.30 11.90 4.2 6.9 – – – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 6 Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) All workers .............................................................................. $16.74 4.0 $17.86 4.1 $9.52 7.3 Management occupations ................................................. 33.66 7.7 33.66 7.7 – – Business and financial operations occupations ............. Accountants and auditors ................................................. 26.03 22.04 12.6 12.6 26.03 22.04 12.6 12.6 – – – – Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 23.20 9.0 23.20 9.0 – – Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Level 9 ............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Engineers ......................................................................... Level 9 ............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Mechanical engineers ................................................... Engineering technicians, except drafters .......................... 33.48 33.94 40.66 35.62 33.94 40.66 38.24 23.97 4.2 2.6 6.1 4.0 2.6 6.1 2.6 3.7 33.96 33.94 40.66 36.43 33.94 40.66 38.24 23.97 4.0 2.6 6.1 2.8 2.6 6.1 2.6 3.7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Level 5 ............................................................. Level 9 ............................................................. Registered nurses ............................................................ Level 9 ............................................................. Therapists ......................................................................... Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... 27.81 23.88 28.27 28.09 27.78 27.41 17.82 5.4 15.2 6.6 3.4 7.3 3.3 2.0 28.58 – – 28.85 – – 17.81 5.5 – – 1.6 – – 2.0 24.18 – – – – – – 9.5 – – – – – – Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... 11.93 12.37 11.29 10.95 11.21 10.65 11.81 9.8 8.4 9.8 3.2 5.1 6.0 .8 11.91 12.39 11.18 10.87 11.19 – 11.71 10.0 8.5 9.6 2.9 5.4 – .8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Cooks ............................................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Food service, tipped ......................................................... Waiters and waitresses ................................................ Fast food and counter workers ......................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food ................................................... 7.25 5.90 7.19 10.29 9.78 3.06 2.94 8.53 7.82 2.0 31.9 10.2 2.1 3.5 5.4 1.3 8.3 5.8 9.43 – 9.34 – – – – – – 9.4 – 12.4 – – – – – – 5.88 – 5.46 – – 3.08 2.95 7.18 – 2.1 – 9.0 – – 5.5 1.6 4.7 – 8.61 9.6 – – – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Level 1 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Level 1 ............................................................. 9.62 8.74 11.07 9.25 8.74 4.1 3.6 5.9 3.6 3.6 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Sales and related occupations .......................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 6 ............................................................. First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ............... Retail sales workers ......................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Cashiers ................................................................... Retail salespersons ...................................................... Level 4 ............................................................. 13.95 8.51 8.41 12.35 23.49 27.62 9.07 8.51 8.41 12.14 8.34 8.34 10.14 12.23 8.3 4.1 4.9 2.0 17.9 20.4 .5 4.1 4.9 1.8 6.0 6.0 .8 3.0 18.21 10.51 – 12.64 23.49 27.62 11.16 10.51 – 12.52 10.24 10.24 11.56 – 8.6 6.6 – 3.9 17.9 20.4 3.1 6.6 – 5.4 6.4 6.4 4.8 – 7.91 – – – – – 7.91 – – – 7.60 7.60 8.50 – .6 – – – – – .6 – – – 2.8 2.8 2.6 – See footnotes at end of table. 7 Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Office and administrative support occupations .............. Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Financial clerks ................................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Level 4 ............................................................. Tellers ........................................................................... Customer service representatives .................................... Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................ Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Level 4 ............................................................. Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ Level 4 ............................................................. $13.52 10.40 13.22 15.35 16.87 12.60 12.64 14.00 13.41 14.00 11.63 13.91 – 16.92 16.56 17.39 13.63 15.51 5.4 9.1 8.1 3.9 7.1 3.9 4.1 4.5 6.1 4.9 2.8 7.0 – 7.6 10.6 7.6 5.4 5.4 $14.13 10.43 13.41 15.58 16.87 12.63 12.67 14.00 13.41 14.00 11.67 13.91 11.62 18.60 – – 13.70 15.51 4.3 9.3 8.4 3.7 7.1 4.0 4.0 4.5 6.1 4.9 2.7 7.0 21.6 3.8 – – 5.6 5.4 $9.02 9.17 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.0 5.5 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Construction and extraction occupations ....................... Level 3 ............................................................. Level 7 ............................................................. 19.10 15.84 25.63 5.0 .3 15.9 19.10 15.84 25.63 5.0 .3 15.9 – – – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... Level 5 ............................................................. Level 6 ............................................................. Level 7 ............................................................. Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... Level 7 ............................................................. Industrial machinery mechanics ................................... 19.61 20.49 21.21 24.02 7.3 7.5 12.1 6.3 19.66 20.49 21.21 24.02 7.3 7.5 12.1 6.3 – – – – – – – – 19.25 21.21 20.85 2.8 2.4 2.9 19.25 21.21 20.85 2.8 2.4 2.9 – – – – – – 15.13 10.04 13.52 16.56 17.78 20.70 23.92 6.0 14.2 9.2 .1 2.1 3.9 5.2 15.15 10.04 13.52 16.56 17.86 20.70 23.92 5.9 14.2 9.2 .1 2.7 3.9 5.2 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 23.28 15.50 14.71 1.1 13.5 5.0 23.28 15.50 14.71 1.1 13.5 5.0 – – – – – – 15.01 9.9 15.01 9.9 – – 14.74 19.43 19.75 18.79 20.43 21.06 19.30 14.94 11.09 19.82 6.2 15.0 14.1 20.9 1.3 1.6 1.2 2.3 19.4 .0 14.74 19.43 19.75 18.79 20.43 21.06 19.58 14.94 11.12 19.82 6.2 15.0 14.1 20.9 1.3 1.6 2.6 2.3 19.4 .0 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.99 12.20 14.70 16.03 19.09 15.13 16.23 15.30 13.22 3.3 8.9 9.1 2.3 6.7 3.5 2.5 6.5 4.0 14.11 12.20 14.70 16.03 19.09 15.13 16.23 15.30 13.35 3.5 8.9 9.1 2.3 6.7 3.5 2.5 6.5 4.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Production occupations .................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Level 6 ............................................................. Level 7 ............................................................. First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers ....................................................... Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators ....................... Miscellaneous food processing workers ........................... Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ......................................................... Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic .............. Welding, soldering, and brazing workers .......................... Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers ...................... Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers ............. Printers ............................................................................. Printing machine operators ........................................... Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers ....... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Level 6 ............................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ......................... Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................ Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ See footnotes at end of table. 8 Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Transportation and material moving occupations –Continued Laborers and material movers, hand –Continued Level 3 ............................................................. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ........................................................................ Packers and packagers, hand ...................................... Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) $14.33 8.8 $14.33 8.8 – – – 11.67 – 6.3 14.30 11.90 4.2 6.9 – – – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 9 Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) All workers .............................................................................. $26.11 14.3 $26.96 12.7 $10.47 14.4 Education, training, and library occupations .................. Level 9 ............................................................. Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Level 9 ............................................................. Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... Level 9 ............................................................. 32.11 39.65 8.8 2.6 32.87 39.68 5.5 2.6 – – – – 40.15 40.33 39.57 39.75 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 40.15 40.33 39.57 39.75 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 – – – – – – – – Protective service occupations ......................................... 20.57 .0 – – – – Office and administrative support occupations .............. 14.03 12.6 14.03 12.6 – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 10 Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) All workers .............................................................................. $17.46 4.3 $18.61 4.4 $9.55 7.2 Management occupations ................................................. Group III ............................................................ 34.47 39.68 6.6 7.2 34.47 – 6.6 – – – – – Business and financial operations occupations ............. Group II ............................................................. Group III ............................................................ Accountants and auditors ................................................. 25.73 22.05 32.76 22.04 11.3 6.6 16.2 12.6 25.73 – – 22.04 11.3 – – 12.6 – – – – – – – – Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... Group II ............................................................. 23.20 20.75 9.0 10.7 23.20 – 9.0 – – – – – Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Group II ............................................................. Group III ............................................................ Engineers ......................................................................... Group III ............................................................ Mechanical engineers ................................................... Group III ............................................................ Engineering technicians, except drafters .......................... 33.48 29.49 37.69 35.62 37.69 38.24 38.24 23.97 4.2 6.6 4.6 4.0 4.6 2.6 2.6 3.7 33.96 – – 36.43 – 38.24 38.24 23.97 4.0 – – 2.8 – 2.6 2.6 3.7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Community and social services occupations .................. 22.51 20.1 23.70 20.5 – – Education, training, and library occupations .................. Group III ............................................................ Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Group III ............................................................ Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... Group III ............................................................ 32.86 40.51 6.8 1.6 33.55 – 4.2 – – – – – 40.15 40.33 39.57 39.75 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 40.15 – 39.57 – 3.8 – 3.8 – – – – – – – – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Group II ............................................................. Group III ............................................................ Registered nurses ............................................................ Group II ............................................................. Group III ............................................................ Therapists ......................................................................... Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... Group II ............................................................. 27.96 24.85 35.85 28.39 27.48 29.47 27.41 17.82 17.86 5.3 6.4 7.0 3.8 6.0 8.8 3.3 2.0 2.1 28.72 – – 29.12 27.66 31.39 – 17.81 – 5.4 – – 3.9 6.3 4.3 – 2.0 – 24.18 – – – – – – – – 9.5 – – – – – – – – Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Group I .............................................................. Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Group I .............................................................. Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... Group I .............................................................. 12.02 12.02 10.95 10.95 11.81 11.81 9.5 9.5 3.2 3.2 .8 .8 12.00 – 10.87 – 11.71 11.71 9.7 – 2.9 – .8 .8 – – – – – – – – – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Group I .............................................................. Cooks ............................................................................... Group I .............................................................. Food service, tipped ......................................................... Group I .............................................................. Waiters and waitresses ................................................ Group I .............................................................. Fast food and counter workers ......................................... Group I .............................................................. Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food ................................................... Group I .............................................................. 7.31 7.31 10.31 10.31 3.06 3.06 2.94 2.94 8.55 8.55 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.2 5.4 5.4 1.3 1.3 8.0 8.0 9.43 – – – – – – – – – 9.4 – – – – – – – – – 6.02 – – – 3.08 – 2.95 2.95 7.34 – 2.6 – – – 5.5 – 1.6 1.6 5.1 – 8.61 8.61 9.6 9.6 – – – – – – – – 9.92 9.62 9.28 5.5 3.9 3.5 – – – – – – – – – – – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Group I .............................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 11 Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations –Continued Building cleaning workers –Continued Group I .............................................................. $9.28 3.5 – – – – Sales and related occupations .......................................... Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ............... Group II ............................................................. Retail sales workers ......................................................... Group I .............................................................. Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Group I .............................................................. Cashiers ................................................................... Group I .............................................................. Retail salespersons ...................................................... Group I .............................................................. 13.95 9.32 24.30 27.62 27.62 9.07 9.02 8.34 8.32 8.34 8.32 10.14 10.18 8.3 3.0 11.2 20.4 20.4 .5 .3 6.0 6.6 6.0 6.6 .8 .5 $18.21 – – 27.62 – 11.16 – 10.24 – 10.24 10.24 11.56 11.71 8.6 – – 20.4 – 3.1 – 6.4 – 6.4 6.4 4.8 7.0 $7.91 – – – – 7.91 – 7.60 – 7.60 7.52 8.50 8.30 0.6 – – – – .6 – 2.8 – 2.8 4.1 2.6 5.1 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Financial clerks ................................................................. Group I .............................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Group I .............................................................. Tellers ........................................................................... Customer service representatives .................................... Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................ Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Group I .............................................................. Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Group I .............................................................. Office clerks, general ........................................................ Group I .............................................................. 13.55 12.83 18.14 12.64 12.75 13.41 13.41 11.63 13.91 – 17.26 16.30 17.62 16.95 13.41 13.77 5.2 5.6 3.8 4.1 4.0 6.1 6.1 2.8 7.0 – 5.6 10.9 5.8 9.6 5.3 5.5 14.13 – – 12.67 – 13.41 13.41 11.67 13.91 11.62 18.53 – 18.56 – 13.46 13.78 4.1 – – 4.0 – 6.1 6.1 2.7 7.0 21.6 2.7 – 3.3 – 5.4 5.5 9.02 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.0 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Construction and extraction occupations ....................... Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. 19.04 15.90 23.92 4.9 5.5 9.9 19.03 – – 4.9 – – – – – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... Group II ............................................................. Industrial machinery mechanics ................................... Group II ............................................................. 19.40 12.84 21.75 7.3 11.3 6.7 19.45 – – 7.3 – – – – – – – – 18.39 18.84 20.85 20.85 4.6 5.2 2.9 2.9 18.39 – 20.85 20.85 4.6 – 2.9 2.9 – – – – – – – – 15.10 12.73 20.02 5.9 7.6 4.9 15.12 – – 5.8 – – – – – – – – 23.28 21.67 15.50 15.50 14.71 1.1 2.6 13.5 13.5 5.0 23.28 21.67 15.50 – 14.71 1.1 2.6 13.5 – 5.0 – – – – – – – – – – 15.01 14.10 9.9 2.2 15.01 – 9.9 – – – – – 14.74 13.91 19.43 22.12 6.2 .9 15.0 .1 14.74 13.91 19.43 – 6.2 .9 15.0 – – – – – – – – – Production occupations .................................................... Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers ....................................................... Group II ............................................................. Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators ....................... Group I .............................................................. Miscellaneous food processing workers ........................... Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ......................................................... Group I .............................................................. Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic .............. Group I .............................................................. Welding, soldering, and brazing workers .......................... Group II ............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 12 Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Production occupations –Continued Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers ...................... Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers ............. Printers ............................................................................. Group II ............................................................. Printing machine operators ........................................... Group II ............................................................. Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers ....... Group II ............................................................. Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Group I .............................................................. Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Group I .............................................................. Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ......................... Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................ Group I .............................................................. Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ Group I .............................................................. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ........................................................................ Packers and packagers, hand ...................................... Group I .............................................................. Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) $19.75 18.79 20.43 21.18 21.06 21.34 19.30 20.74 14.94 14.94 11.09 9.64 19.90 14.1 20.9 1.3 2.2 1.6 3.8 1.2 3.3 2.3 2.3 19.4 8.2 1.9 $19.75 18.79 20.43 – 21.06 21.34 19.58 – 14.94 14.94 11.12 – – 14.1 20.9 1.3 – 1.6 3.8 2.6 – 2.3 2.3 19.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.96 13.58 19.09 15.13 14.81 16.23 15.30 15.30 13.22 12.91 3.3 3.6 6.7 3.5 4.9 2.5 6.5 6.5 4.0 5.2 14.11 – – 15.13 – 16.23 15.30 15.30 13.35 – 3.5 – – 3.5 – 2.5 6.5 6.5 4.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.67 11.67 – 6.3 6.3 14.30 11.90 11.90 4.2 6.9 6.9 – – – – – – 1 Combined work levels simplify the presentation of work levels by combining levels 1 through 15 into four broad groups. Group I combines levels 1-4, group II combines levels 5-8, group III combines levels 9-12, and group IV combines levels 13-15. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 13 Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Occupation2 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $8.00 $10.50 $15.00 $21.25 $30.76 Management occupations ................................................. 20.67 24.99 36.58 38.72 50.88 Business and financial operations occupations ............. Accountants and auditors ................................................. 16.80 16.80 19.54 18.46 21.25 19.55 27.89 21.25 42.00 24.00 Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 13.00 17.40 24.04 28.13 33.46 Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Engineers ......................................................................... Mechanical engineers ................................................... Engineering technicians, except drafters .......................... 25.47 29.87 32.20 17.69 29.58 31.87 35.87 22.35 33.17 34.33 37.63 23.89 36.86 37.63 39.90 27.18 40.31 47.12 45.13 29.69 Community and social services occupations .................. 13.00 14.50 17.05 26.26 44.61 Education, training, and library occupations .................. Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... 10.50 20.13 33.63 46.20 51.50 27.06 26.91 30.26 29.98 40.25 38.98 47.40 47.42 54.97 53.24 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Registered nurses ............................................................ Therapists ......................................................................... Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... 17.60 22.52 24.60 15.49 20.09 24.52 26.12 16.43 26.37 27.04 26.37 18.11 30.13 31.00 27.74 18.63 43.88 34.42 33.97 19.91 Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... 9.00 9.00 10.40 10.00 10.00 10.93 11.34 10.94 11.34 13.90 12.01 13.28 15.38 13.48 14.12 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Cooks ............................................................................... Food service, tipped ......................................................... Waiters and waitresses ................................................ Fast food and counter workers ......................................... Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food ................................................... 2.83 8.00 2.83 2.83 6.65 3.35 8.50 2.83 2.83 7.00 7.89 10.25 2.83 2.83 7.89 8.95 12.00 3.10 3.00 8.43 12.00 12.74 3.35 3.35 13.14 6.65 7.00 7.89 8.50 13.14 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. 8.00 8.00 8.20 8.04 9.25 8.75 10.50 10.00 12.00 10.75 Sales and related occupations .......................................... First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ............... Retail sales workers ......................................................... Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Cashiers ................................................................... Retail salespersons ...................................................... 7.15 18.00 6.84 6.84 6.84 7.25 7.85 20.19 7.40 7.15 7.15 7.85 10.01 29.08 8.25 8.17 8.17 9.35 16.50 38.50 9.98 8.85 8.85 11.50 30.98 38.50 12.65 10.35 10.35 13.65 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Financial clerks ................................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Tellers ........................................................................... Customer service representatives .................................... Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ 8.28 10.00 11.33 10.00 11.64 11.82 11.82 11.50 11.25 11.25 11.75 10.56 11.64 14.51 14.51 11.51 12.76 11.36 14.76 11.25 14.73 18.42 18.99 12.93 16.20 14.76 15.00 11.25 15.39 19.22 19.22 14.88 19.22 15.00 15.07 14.25 17.45 19.40 19.22 17.64 Construction and extraction occupations ....................... 13.00 15.25 18.00 22.00 25.00 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... Industrial machinery mechanics ................................... 12.00 15.56 19.50 21.92 27.25 14.09 16.44 15.89 20.02 19.25 20.71 20.71 21.91 22.25 23.26 Production occupations .................................................... First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers ....................................................... Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators ....................... Miscellaneous food processing workers ........................... 8.34 10.00 14.55 19.26 22.19 13.00 8.50 13.68 17.00 8.60 13.68 17.73 17.53 14.88 30.29 20.63 16.18 33.37 22.31 16.19 See footnotes at end of table. 14 Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued 10 25 Median 50 75 90 $11.90 $12.50 $14.00 $16.65 $19.91 11.90 13.80 15.90 13.91 18.40 20.03 13.08 14.06 7.50 12.30 16.00 17.70 13.95 18.40 20.08 16.43 14.11 8.00 13.41 20.97 20.97 15.93 20.74 21.63 21.32 15.63 9.00 16.76 22.23 22.23 24.80 21.63 22.75 21.61 15.92 13.15 19.91 22.23 22.23 24.80 22.75 22.75 26.44 16.18 19.24 9.00 11.50 15.00 12.12 9.00 9.00 12.52 14.00 15.88 14.07 12.45 9.00 13.45 16.18 16.18 15.58 13.44 12.45 16.18 16.25 16.65 16.81 13.45 13.16 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.98 15.48 13.75 Occupation2 Production occupations –Continued Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ......................................................... Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic .............. Welding, soldering, and brazing workers .......................... Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers ...................... Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers ............. Printers ............................................................................. Printing machine operators ........................................... Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers ....... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ......................... Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................ Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ Packers and packagers, hand ...................................... 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 15 Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Occupation2 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $8.00 $10.28 $14.55 $20.63 $29.25 Management occupations ................................................. 20.67 24.99 31.89 38.72 42.52 Business and financial operations occupations ............. Accountants and auditors ................................................. 16.80 16.80 19.55 18.46 21.25 19.55 29.84 21.25 42.00 24.00 Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 13.00 17.40 24.04 28.13 33.46 Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Engineers ......................................................................... Mechanical engineers ................................................... Engineering technicians, except drafters .......................... 25.47 29.87 32.20 17.69 29.58 31.87 35.87 22.35 33.17 34.33 37.63 23.89 36.86 37.63 39.90 27.18 40.31 47.12 45.13 29.69 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Registered nurses ............................................................ Therapists ......................................................................... Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... 17.60 22.52 24.60 15.49 20.09 25.01 26.12 16.43 26.37 27.04 26.37 18.11 30.13 30.00 27.74 18.63 43.21 33.93 33.97 19.91 Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... 9.00 9.00 10.40 10.00 10.00 10.93 11.29 10.94 11.34 13.49 12.01 13.28 15.38 13.48 14.12 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Cooks ............................................................................... Food service, tipped ......................................................... Waiters and waitresses ................................................ Fast food and counter workers ......................................... Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food ................................................... 2.83 8.00 2.83 2.83 6.65 3.35 8.50 2.83 2.83 7.00 7.89 10.25 2.83 2.83 7.89 8.50 12.00 3.10 3.00 8.43 12.00 12.74 3.35 3.35 13.14 6.65 7.00 7.89 8.50 13.14 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. 8.00 8.00 8.15 8.00 9.00 8.75 10.40 10.00 11.75 10.50 Sales and related occupations .......................................... First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ............... Retail sales workers ......................................................... Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Cashiers ................................................................... Retail salespersons ...................................................... 7.15 18.00 6.84 6.84 6.84 7.25 7.85 20.19 7.40 7.15 7.15 7.85 10.01 29.08 8.25 8.17 8.17 9.35 16.50 38.50 9.98 8.85 8.85 11.50 30.98 38.50 12.65 10.35 10.35 13.65 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Financial clerks ................................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Tellers ........................................................................... Customer service representatives .................................... Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ 8.28 10.00 11.33 10.00 11.64 11.82 11.82 11.50 11.25 11.25 11.75 10.56 11.64 14.51 14.51 11.51 12.68 11.36 14.76 11.25 14.73 19.22 19.22 13.05 15.97 14.76 15.00 11.25 15.39 19.22 19.22 15.44 19.22 15.00 15.07 14.25 17.45 19.40 19.40 17.64 Construction and extraction occupations ....................... 13.00 15.25 18.00 22.00 25.10 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... Industrial machinery mechanics ................................... 12.25 16.44 19.50 22.50 27.25 15.27 16.44 18.37 20.02 19.32 20.71 21.20 21.91 23.26 23.26 Production occupations .................................................... First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers ....................................................... Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators ....................... Miscellaneous food processing workers ........................... Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ......................................................... Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic .............. Welding, soldering, and brazing workers .......................... Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers ...................... Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers ............. 8.12 10.00 14.55 19.53 22.19 13.00 8.50 13.68 17.00 8.60 13.68 17.73 17.53 14.88 30.29 20.63 16.18 33.37 22.31 16.19 11.90 12.50 14.00 16.65 19.91 11.90 13.80 15.90 13.91 12.30 16.00 17.70 13.95 13.41 20.97 20.97 15.93 16.76 22.23 22.23 24.80 19.91 22.23 22.23 24.80 See footnotes at end of table. 16 Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued 10 25 Median 50 75 90 Production occupations –Continued Printers ............................................................................. Printing machine operators ........................................... Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers ....... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... $18.40 20.03 13.08 14.06 7.50 $18.40 20.08 16.43 14.11 8.00 $20.74 21.63 21.32 15.63 9.00 $21.63 22.75 21.61 15.92 13.15 $22.75 22.75 26.44 16.18 19.24 Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ......................... Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................ Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ Packers and packagers, hand ...................................... 9.00 11.50 15.00 12.12 9.00 9.00 12.52 14.00 15.88 14.07 12.45 9.00 13.45 16.18 16.18 15.58 13.44 12.45 16.18 16.25 16.65 16.81 13.45 13.16 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.98 15.48 13.75 Occupation2 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 17 Table 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Occupation2 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $9.65 $13.74 $23.91 $38.02 $47.40 Education, training, and library occupations .................. Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... 10.45 13.74 32.94 45.89 49.26 27.06 26.91 30.26 29.98 40.25 38.98 47.40 47.42 54.97 53.24 Protective service occupations ......................................... 16.26 18.51 19.01 24.20 26.73 Office and administrative support occupations .............. 9.45 10.07 12.76 18.42 18.42 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 18 Table 9. Full-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Full-time workers Occupation3 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $9.00 $11.92 $16.00 $21.92 $32.13 Management occupations ................................................. 20.67 24.99 36.58 38.72 50.88 Business and financial operations occupations ............. Accountants and auditors ................................................. 16.80 16.80 19.54 18.46 21.25 19.55 27.89 21.25 42.00 24.00 Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 13.00 17.40 24.04 28.13 33.46 Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Engineers ......................................................................... Mechanical engineers ................................................... Engineering technicians, except drafters .......................... 25.47 30.90 32.20 17.69 29.87 32.29 35.87 22.35 33.80 35.87 37.63 23.89 37.02 37.63 39.90 27.18 41.22 47.12 45.13 29.69 Community and social services occupations .................. 13.94 14.90 18.35 29.22 46.65 Education, training, and library occupations .................. Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... 10.69 21.84 34.82 46.44 51.86 27.06 26.91 30.26 29.98 40.25 38.98 47.40 47.42 54.97 53.24 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Registered nurses ............................................................ Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... 17.60 23.15 15.49 19.81 25.63 16.24 26.51 29.12 18.11 31.01 32.13 18.63 45.37 35.00 19.90 Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... 9.00 9.00 10.40 10.00 10.00 10.87 11.30 10.87 11.03 13.49 11.82 12.88 15.38 13.07 13.49 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ 7.89 7.89 8.50 12.00 13.14 Sales and related occupations .......................................... First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ............... Retail sales workers ......................................................... Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Cashiers ................................................................... Retail salespersons ...................................................... 9.00 18.00 8.42 8.42 8.42 8.50 10.64 20.19 9.10 8.42 8.42 9.43 14.00 29.08 10.35 9.97 9.97 10.64 22.60 38.50 12.70 10.55 10.55 12.85 31.73 38.50 16.50 14.00 14.00 16.60 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Financial clerks ................................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Tellers ........................................................................... Customer service representatives .................................... Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................ Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ 9.96 10.15 11.33 10.00 11.64 7.15 14.72 15.45 11.50 11.50 11.25 11.75 10.87 11.64 7.30 18.42 18.42 11.51 13.47 11.36 14.76 11.25 14.73 8.75 19.22 19.22 12.93 16.44 15.00 15.00 11.25 15.39 19.31 19.22 19.22 15.08 19.22 15.00 15.07 14.25 17.45 19.31 20.34 19.40 17.64 Construction and extraction occupations ....................... 13.00 15.25 18.00 22.00 25.00 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... Industrial machinery mechanics ................................... 12.00 16.00 19.50 22.25 27.25 14.09 16.44 15.89 20.02 19.25 20.71 20.71 21.91 22.25 23.26 Production occupations .................................................... First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers ....................................................... Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators ....................... Miscellaneous food processing workers ........................... Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ......................................................... Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic .............. Welding, soldering, and brazing workers .......................... Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers ...................... Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers ............. Printers ............................................................................. 8.34 10.00 14.55 19.30 22.19 13.00 8.50 13.68 17.00 8.60 13.68 17.73 17.53 14.88 30.29 20.63 16.18 33.37 22.31 16.19 11.90 12.50 14.00 16.65 19.91 11.90 13.80 15.90 13.91 18.40 12.30 16.00 17.70 13.95 18.40 13.41 20.97 20.97 15.93 20.74 16.76 22.23 22.23 24.80 21.63 19.91 22.23 22.23 24.80 22.75 See footnotes at end of table. 19 Table 9. Full-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Full-time workers Occupation3 Production occupations –Continued Printing machine operators ........................................... Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers ....... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ......................... Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................ Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ........................................................................ Packers and packagers, hand ...................................... 10 25 Median 50 75 90 $20.03 13.08 14.06 7.50 $20.08 16.43 14.11 8.00 $21.63 21.32 15.63 9.00 $22.75 21.61 15.92 13.81 $22.75 26.44 16.18 19.24 9.00 11.50 15.00 12.12 9.00 12.90 14.00 15.88 14.07 12.45 13.45 16.18 16.18 15.58 13.45 16.18 16.25 16.65 16.81 13.45 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.98 16.36 12.51 9.00 13.44 9.00 13.45 12.45 13.96 13.16 21.61 13.75 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 20 Table 10. Part-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Part-time workers Occupation3 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $3.35 $7.00 $8.00 $9.95 $14.51 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ 9.95 22.25 25.50 30.09 30.76 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Food service, tipped ......................................................... Waiters and waitresses ................................................ Fast food and counter workers ......................................... 2.83 2.83 2.83 6.65 2.85 2.83 2.83 6.65 6.75 2.85 2.83 7.00 8.00 3.35 3.00 7.95 9.15 3.35 3.35 8.70 Sales and related occupations .......................................... Retail sales workers ......................................................... Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Cashiers ................................................................... Retail salespersons ...................................................... 6.84 6.84 6.84 6.84 7.15 7.25 7.25 6.84 6.84 7.75 7.75 7.75 7.30 7.30 7.85 8.25 8.25 8.27 8.27 8.78 9.00 9.00 8.65 8.65 10.50 Office and administrative support occupations .............. 6.25 6.30 8.00 11.47 12.84 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 21 Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $640 39.7 $37,711 $33,524 2,026 1,478 1,437 42.9 76,843 74,719 2,229 21.25 19.55 1,074 989 1,056 861 41.8 44.9 55,854 51,430 54,935 44,770 2,171 2,333 23.20 24.04 929 962 40.0 48,286 49,999 2,081 Mean Median Mean Median All workers ................................................ $18.61 $16.00 $739 Management occupations ................... 34.47 36.58 Business and financial operations occupations .................................... Accountants and auditors ................... 25.73 22.04 Computer and mathematical science occupations .................................... Architecture and engineering occupations .................................... Engineers ........................................... Mechanical engineers ..................... Engineering technicians, except drafters ......................................... 33.96 36.43 38.24 33.80 35.87 37.63 1,358 1,457 1,530 1,352 1,435 1,505 40.0 40.0 40.0 70,587 75,716 79,254 70,300 74,568 78,260 2,079 2,078 2,072 23.97 23.89 959 956 40.0 49,861 49,691 2,080 Community and social services occupations .................................... 23.70 18.35 910 693 38.4 43,149 38,170 1,821 33.55 34.82 1,234 1,276 36.8 47,897 49,626 1,427 40.15 40.25 1,490 1,492 37.1 56,833 57,034 1,416 39.57 38.98 1,471 1,446 37.2 56,159 55,654 1,419 28.72 29.12 26.51 29.12 1,106 1,111 1,040 1,077 38.5 38.1 56,575 55,757 52,000 56,027 1,970 1,915 17.81 18.11 704 724 39.5 36,585 37,669 2,054 12.00 11.30 447 452 37.2 22,854 23,236 1,904 10.87 10.87 419 410 38.6 21,805 21,329 2,006 11.71 11.03 446 424 38.1 23,181 22,042 1,980 9.43 8.50 363 337 38.5 18,899 17,524 2,003 18.21 14.00 743 550 40.8 38,638 28,600 2,122 27.62 11.16 10.24 10.24 11.56 29.08 10.35 9.97 9.97 10.64 1,110 445 409 409 460 1,163 414 399 399 420 40.2 39.8 40.0 40.0 39.8 57,715 23,121 21,293 21,293 23,895 60,484 21,528 20,738 20,738 21,840 2,090 2,071 2,080 2,080 2,067 14.13 12.67 13.47 11.36 561 503 539 454 39.7 39.7 29,066 26,174 28,009 23,618 2,057 2,065 13.41 11.67 13.91 11.62 14.76 11.25 14.73 8.75 527 467 556 465 590 450 589 350 39.3 40.0 40.0 40.0 27,427 24,269 28,936 24,033 30,695 23,400 30,638 18,200 2,045 2,080 2,080 2,068 18.53 19.22 710 769 38.3 36,899 39,984 1,991 18.56 13.46 19.22 12.93 708 535 769 517 38.2 39.7 36,837 27,407 39,984 26,894 1,985 2,036 Education, training, and library occupations .................................... Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ............ Elementary and middle school teachers .................................... Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations .................................... Registered nurses .............................. Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses .......................... Healthcare support occupations ......... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ............................................. Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ................................. Food preparation and serving related occupations .................................... Sales and related occupations ............ First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ......................................... Retail sales workers ........................... Cashiers, all workers ...................... Cashiers ..................................... Retail salespersons ........................ Office and administrative support occupations .................................... Financial clerks ................................... Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ........................... Tellers ............................................. Customer service representatives ...... Stock clerks and order fillers .............. Secretaries and administrative assistants ...................................... Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........................... Office clerks, general .......................... See footnotes at end of table. 22 Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Construction and extraction occupations .................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................... Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers Industrial machinery mechanics ..... Production occupations ...................... First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators ..................................... Miscellaneous food processing workers ......................................... Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ........................................... Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ......... Welding, soldering, and brazing workers ......................................... Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers ...................................... Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers .............................. Printers ............................................... Printing machine operators ............. Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers ................................ Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders .................. Miscellaneous production workers ..... Transportation and material moving occupations .................................... Driver/sales workers and truck drivers Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ............................. Industrial truck and tractor operators .. Laborers and material movers, hand .. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand .............. Packers and packagers, hand ........ Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $720 40.0 $39,593 $37,440 2,080 778 780 40.0 40,420 40,560 2,078 19.25 20.71 734 834 770 828 39.9 40.0 38,181 43,365 40,040 43,077 2,076 2,080 15.12 14.55 604 574 40.0 31,413 29,835 2,077 23.28 17.73 931 709 40.0 48,427 36,878 2,080 15.50 17.53 620 701 40.0 32,198 36,462 2,077 14.71 14.88 583 595 39.6 30,318 30,944 2,061 15.01 14.00 600 560 40.0 31,175 29,120 2,077 14.74 13.41 590 536 40.0 30,668 27,897 2,080 19.43 20.97 777 839 40.0 40,424 43,618 2,080 19.75 20.97 790 839 40.0 41,070 43,618 2,080 18.79 20.43 21.06 15.93 20.74 21.63 751 819 845 637 830 871 40.0 40.1 40.1 39,076 42,577 43,932 33,134 43,143 45,272 2,080 2,084 2,086 19.58 21.32 783 853 40.0 40,736 44,346 2,080 14.94 11.12 15.63 9.00 586 445 597 360 39.2 40.0 30,481 23,130 31,044 18,720 2,040 2,080 14.11 15.13 13.45 16.18 563 601 538 647 39.9 39.7 29,250 31,252 27,974 33,654 2,073 2,066 16.23 15.30 13.35 16.18 15.58 13.45 676 607 533 660 623 538 41.7 39.6 39.9 35,166 31,549 27,724 34,320 32,413 27,974 2,167 2,062 2,077 14.30 11.90 13.45 12.45 572 473 538 498 40.0 39.7 29,750 24,596 27,974 25,894 2,080 2,067 Mean Median Mean Median $19.03 $18.00 $761 19.45 19.50 18.39 20.85 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 23 Table 12. Full-time1 private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $623 39.9 $36,986 $32,413 2,071 1,473 1,275 43.8 76,595 66,321 2,275 21.25 19.55 1,097 989 1,063 861 42.1 44.9 57,019 51,430 55,250 44,770 2,191 2,333 23.20 24.04 929 962 40.0 48,286 49,999 2,081 33.96 36.43 38.24 33.80 35.87 37.63 1,358 1,457 1,530 1,352 1,435 1,505 40.0 40.0 40.0 70,587 75,716 79,254 70,300 74,568 78,260 2,079 2,078 2,072 23.97 23.89 959 956 40.0 49,861 49,691 2,080 28.58 28.85 26.51 29.12 1,109 1,119 1,040 1,082 38.8 38.8 57,677 58,213 54,080 56,243 2,018 2,018 17.81 18.11 704 724 39.5 36,585 37,669 2,054 11.91 11.17 444 447 37.3 23,109 23,236 1,941 10.87 10.87 419 410 38.6 21,805 21,329 2,006 11.71 11.03 446 424 38.1 23,181 22,042 1,980 9.43 8.50 363 337 38.5 18,899 17,524 2,003 18.21 14.00 743 550 40.8 38,638 28,600 2,122 27.62 11.16 10.24 10.24 11.56 29.08 10.35 9.97 9.97 10.64 1,110 445 409 409 460 1,163 414 399 399 420 40.2 39.8 40.0 40.0 39.8 57,715 23,121 21,293 21,293 23,895 60,484 21,528 20,738 20,738 21,840 2,090 2,071 2,080 2,080 2,067 14.13 12.67 13.47 11.36 564 503 539 454 39.9 39.7 29,298 26,174 28,009 23,618 2,073 2,065 Mean Median Mean Median All workers ................................................ $17.86 $15.60 $712 Management occupations ................... 33.66 31.89 Business and financial operations occupations .................................... Accountants and auditors ................... 26.03 22.04 Computer and mathematical science occupations .................................... Architecture and engineering occupations .................................... Engineers ........................................... Mechanical engineers ..................... Engineering technicians, except drafters ......................................... Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations .................................... Registered nurses .............................. Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses .......................... Healthcare support occupations ......... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ............................................. Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ................................. Food preparation and serving related occupations .................................... Sales and related occupations ............ First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ......................................... Retail sales workers ........................... Cashiers, all workers ...................... Cashiers ..................................... Retail salespersons ........................ Annual earnings5 Office and administrative support occupations .................................... Financial clerks ................................... Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ........................... Tellers ............................................. Customer service representatives ...... Stock clerks and order fillers .............. Secretaries and administrative assistants ...................................... Office clerks, general .......................... 13.41 11.67 13.91 11.62 14.76 11.25 14.73 8.75 527 467 556 465 590 450 589 350 39.3 40.0 40.0 40.0 27,427 24,269 28,936 24,033 30,695 23,400 30,638 18,200 2,045 2,080 2,080 2,068 18.60 13.70 19.22 13.05 736 547 769 522 39.6 39.9 38,287 28,427 39,984 27,144 2,058 2,075 Construction and extraction occupations .................................... 19.10 18.00 764 720 40.0 39,721 37,440 2,080 19.66 19.50 786 780 40.0 40,858 40,560 2,078 19.25 20.85 19.32 20.71 768 834 773 828 39.9 40.0 39,942 43,365 40,186 43,077 2,075 2,080 15.15 14.55 606 574 40.0 31,479 29,835 2,077 23.28 17.73 931 709 40.0 48,427 36,878 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................... Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers Industrial machinery mechanics ..... Production occupations ...................... First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers See footnotes at end of table. 24 Table 12. Full-time1 private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Production occupations –Continued Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators ..................................... Miscellaneous food processing workers ......................................... Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ........................................... Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ......... Welding, soldering, and brazing workers ......................................... Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers ...................................... Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers .............................. Printers ............................................... Printing machine operators ............. Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers ................................ Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders .................. Miscellaneous production workers ..... Transportation and material moving occupations .................................... Driver/sales workers and truck drivers Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ............................. Industrial truck and tractor operators .. Laborers and material movers, hand .. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand .............. Packers and packagers, hand ........ Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $701 40.0 $32,198 $36,462 2,077 583 595 39.6 30,318 30,944 2,061 14.00 600 560 40.0 31,175 29,120 2,077 14.74 13.41 590 536 40.0 30,668 27,897 2,080 19.43 20.97 777 839 40.0 40,424 43,618 2,080 19.75 20.97 790 839 40.0 41,070 43,618 2,080 18.79 20.43 21.06 15.93 20.74 21.63 751 819 845 637 830 871 40.0 40.1 40.1 39,076 42,577 43,932 33,134 43,143 45,272 2,080 2,084 2,086 19.58 21.32 783 853 40.0 40,736 44,346 2,080 14.94 11.12 15.63 9.00 586 445 597 360 39.2 40.0 30,481 23,130 31,044 18,720 2,040 2,080 14.11 15.13 13.45 16.18 563 601 538 647 39.9 39.7 29,250 31,252 27,974 33,654 2,073 2,066 16.23 15.30 13.35 16.18 15.58 13.45 676 607 533 660 623 538 41.7 39.6 39.9 35,166 31,549 27,724 34,320 32,413 27,974 2,167 2,062 2,077 14.30 11.90 13.45 12.45 572 473 538 498 40.0 39.7 29,750 24,596 27,974 25,894 2,080 2,067 Mean Median Mean Median $15.50 $17.53 $620 14.71 14.88 15.01 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 25 Table 13. Full-time1 State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 All workers ................................................ Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $969 37.6 $44,009 $41,169 1,632 1,202 1,239 36.6 46,150 47,635 1,404 Mean Median Mean Median $26.96 $25.38 $1,015 32.87 33.60 Education, training, and library occupations .................................... Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ............ Elementary and middle school teachers .................................... 40.15 40.25 1,490 1,492 37.1 56,833 57,034 1,416 39.57 38.98 1,471 1,446 37.2 56,159 55,654 1,419 Office and administrative support occupations .................................... 14.03 12.76 522 490 37.2 25,714 25,251 1,833 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 26 Table 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings1 of private industry establishments for major occupational groups, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Occupational group2 Total 1-99 workers 100-499 workers 500 workers or more All workers .................................................................... $16.74 $15.12 $16.97 $20.00 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 28.07 29.49 27.50 9.07 13.70 13.95 13.52 19.33 19.10 19.61 14.70 15.13 13.99 26.11 28.09 24.87 8.50 13.96 14.59 13.61 17.14 16.76 17.57 13.22 12.21 15.32 27.61 33.13 25.83 10.10 12.90 13.91 11.36 – – 21.63 14.43 15.10 12.61 31.89 27.91 32.79 – 14.64 – 15.58 22.48 – – 16.38 19.21 – Relative error3 (percent) All workers .................................................................... 4.0 7.3 5.6 6.8 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 3.5 8.0 5.7 3.3 3.1 8.3 5.4 3.6 5.0 7.3 4.3 6.0 3.3 8.7 14.6 16.6 6.0 5.0 9.3 6.1 7.4 1.8 14.8 11.1 14.9 4.6 3.8 6.0 5.7 3.2 5.3 12.0 10.7 – – 8.4 8.3 8.5 7.4 4.2 10.9 4.9 – 3.3 – 3.0 10.0 – – 7.9 4.4 – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. 27 Table 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time1 private industry workers, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $600 39.9 $34,436 $31,200 2,076 1,122 1,063 42.9 58,369 55,250 2,229 8.50 356 337 38.4 18,529 17,524 1,998 23.44 22.60 935 904 39.9 48,621 47,000 2,074 Office and administrative support occupations .... Financial clerks ....................................................... Tellers ................................................................. 13.73 12.30 11.67 13.05 11.25 11.25 548 488 467 522 450 450 39.9 39.7 40.0 28,479 25,387 24,269 27,144 23,400 23,400 2,075 2,063 2,080 Construction and extraction occupations ............. 16.76 16.00 670 640 40.0 34,862 33,280 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 17.57 18.00 703 720 40.0 36,548 37,440 2,080 Production occupations .......................................... 12.21 12.00 488 480 40.0 25,398 24,960 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ................... Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ............... 15.32 15.85 16.17 16.18 16.18 16.18 636 663 678 647 647 647 41.5 41.8 41.9 33,062 34,467 35,265 33,654 33,654 33,654 2,157 2,174 2,181 Mean Median Mean Median All workers .................................................................... $16.59 $15.00 $662 Business and financial operations occupations ... 26.19 21.25 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........................................................ 9.27 Sales and related occupations ................................ 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 28 Table 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time1 private industry workers, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $652 39.9 $38,725 $34,008 2,068 1,538 1,596 45.7 79,954 82,992 2,376 27.89 1,020 1,115 40.0 53,064 58,001 2,080 23.95 26.23 959 1,049 40.0 49,857 54,558 2,082 Architecture and engineering occupations ........... Engineers ............................................................... Mechanical engineers ......................................... Engineering technicians, except drafters ................ 32.01 35.70 38.24 23.97 30.90 33.80 37.63 23.89 1,280 1,428 1,530 959 1,236 1,352 1,505 956 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 66,500 74,139 79,254 49,861 64,274 70,300 78,260 49,691 2,078 2,077 2,072 2,080 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........................................................ Registered nurses .................................................. 30.13 28.85 26.64 29.12 1,180 1,119 1,066 1,082 39.1 38.8 61,340 58,213 55,411 56,243 2,036 2,018 Healthcare support occupations ............................. Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .......... Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ............ 11.46 11.12 11.71 10.94 10.94 11.03 440 425 446 410 410 424 38.3 38.2 38.1 22,861 22,111 23,181 21,329 21,329 22,042 1,994 1,989 1,980 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations ........................................................ Building cleaning workers ....................................... 10.88 10.88 10.00 10.00 436 436 400 400 40.0 40.0 22,650 22,650 20,800 20,800 2,081 2,081 Sales and related occupations ................................ Retail sales workers ............................................... Cashiers, all workers .......................................... Cashiers ......................................................... Retail salespersons ............................................ 15.81 11.26 10.24 10.24 11.81 13.14 10.35 9.97 9.97 10.88 652 451 409 409 472 518 414 399 399 435 41.3 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 33,906 23,427 21,293 21,293 24,555 26,932 21,528 20,738 20,738 22,630 2,145 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,080 Office and administrative support occupations .... Financial clerks ....................................................... Stock clerks and order fillers .................................. Secretaries and administrative assistants .............. Office clerks, general .............................................. 14.68 13.79 11.62 18.60 14.29 13.95 11.88 8.75 19.22 14.28 585 549 465 736 570 558 475 350 769 563 39.8 39.8 40.0 39.6 39.9 30,394 28,562 24,033 38,287 29,621 29,010 24,710 18,200 39,984 29,257 2,070 2,071 2,068 2,058 2,072 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................... Industrial machinery mechanics ......................... 21.71 20.02 868 801 40.0 45,091 41,635 2,077 19.09 20.71 19.32 20.71 762 828 773 828 39.9 40.0 39,605 43,081 40,186 43,077 2,075 2,080 16.29 16.18 651 647 40.0 33,826 33,661 2,076 26.56 15.50 27.24 17.53 1,063 620 1,089 701 40.0 40.0 55,254 32,198 56,651 36,462 2,080 2,077 15.39 13.90 616 556 40.0 31,934 28,800 2,075 14.16 20.46 18.79 20.99 21.06 13.41 22.02 15.93 20.74 21.63 566 818 751 842 845 536 881 637 835 871 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.1 29,457 42,554 39,076 43,782 43,932 27,897 45,802 33,134 43,409 45,272 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,086 2,086 19.58 21.32 783 853 40.0 40,736 44,346 2,080 14.94 12.88 15.63 10.00 586 515 597 400 39.2 40.0 30,481 26,791 31,044 20,800 2,040 2,081 Mean Median Mean Median All workers .................................................................... $18.73 $16.35 $747 Management occupations ....................................... 33.66 36.58 Business and financial operations occupations ... 25.51 Computer and mathematical science occupations Production occupations .......................................... First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers ............................................. Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators ............. Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic ................................. Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic .... Welding, soldering, and brazing workers ................ Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers ... Printers ................................................................... Printing machine operators ................................. Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers ........................................................... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders .............................................................. Miscellaneous production workers ......................... See footnotes at end of table. 29 Table 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time1 private industry workers, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 — Continued Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Transportation and material moving occupations Industrial truck and tractor operators ...................... Laborers and material movers, hand ...................... Packers and packagers, hand ............................ Mean Median Mean Median $13.73 15.07 13.46 11.90 $13.45 15.58 13.45 12.45 $541 597 537 473 $538 623 538 498 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours 39.4 39.6 39.9 39.7 $28,135 31,048 27,944 24,596 $27,974 32,413 27,974 25,894 2,049 2,060 2,077 2,067 employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately 30 Table 17. Union1 and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for major occupational groups, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Union Nonunion Civilian workers Private industry workers State and local government workers Civilian workers Private industry workers State and local government workers All workers .................................................................... $21.95 $18.03 $30.95 $16.76 $16.60 $20.58 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 36.37 – 36.37 16.46 13.08 – 13.08 23.38 – 23.41 16.60 16.43 17.24 – – – – – – – 24.40 – – 16.73 16.59 17.24 37.04 – 37.04 16.50 – – – – – – – – – 27.70 29.92 26.71 9.30 13.75 13.95 13.59 18.61 18.73 18.45 14.02 14.48 13.41 28.05 29.49 27.46 9.06 13.70 13.95 13.51 18.65 18.78 18.48 14.03 14.46 13.44 24.56 32.54 18.59 14.90 – – – – – – – – – Occupational group3 Relative error4 (percent) All workers .................................................................... 12.6 12.7 16.9 3.8 3.9 3.1 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 12.7 – 12.7 6.3 20.8 – 20.8 11.2 – 15.3 10.0 12.9 11.2 – – – – – – – 9.8 – – 10.2 13.1 11.2 13.0 – 13.0 6.7 – – – – – – – – – 3.4 7.0 5.6 3.8 2.7 8.3 4.8 3.3 6.1 6.8 4.6 5.9 3.5 3.6 8.0 5.8 3.3 2.7 8.3 4.9 3.4 6.2 6.9 4.7 6.0 3.5 8.0 12.4 12.8 13.6 – – – – – – – – – 1 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. 31 Table 18. Time and incentive workers1: Mean hourly earnings2 for major occupational groups, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Time Occupational group3 Incentive Civilian workers Private industry workers Civilian workers Private industry workers All workers .................................................................... $17.46 $16.71 $17.32 $17.32 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 28.94 29.93 28.60 9.55 12.79 11.21 13.65 19.54 – 20.17 14.77 15.22 13.97 28.06 29.48 27.50 9.05 12.75 11.21 13.63 19.68 19.10 20.43 14.80 15.25 14.01 – – – – 21.32 23.44 – – – – 13.02 – – – – – – 21.32 23.44 – – – – 13.02 – – Relative error4 (percent) All workers .................................................................... 4.6 4.3 12.5 12.5 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 3.7 7.1 5.6 5.1 4.7 9.3 5.6 3.2 – 6.5 4.5 6.4 3.8 3.6 8.2 5.7 3.3 4.9 9.3 5.8 3.2 5.0 6.6 4.6 6.5 3.8 – – – – 8.5 9.9 – – – – 10.7 – – – – – – 8.5 9.9 – – – – 10.7 – – 1 Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary. Incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. 32 Table 19. Industry sector1: Mean hourly earnings2 for private industry workers by major occupational group, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Goods producing Occupational group3 All workers ................................................ Management, professional, and related Management, business, and financial Professional and related ..................... Service .................................................... Sales and office ...................................... Sales and related ................................ Office and administrative support ....... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ..................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair .. Production, transportation, and material moving .............................................. Production .......................................... Transportation and material moving ... Service providing Construction Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Other services $20.23 $17.62 – – $16.18 – $21.31 – – – – – – – – – 29.35 28.26 29.60 – 14.32 – 14.25 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 24.55 – – – 14.42 – 12.74 – – – – – – – 27.60 28.48 27.51 11.58 14.69 – 14.69 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 19.34 – 20.29 19.61 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.89 16.01 15.38 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Relative error4 (percent) All workers ................................................ Management, professional, and related Management, business, and financial Professional and related ..................... Service .................................................... Sales and office ...................................... Sales and related ................................ Office and administrative support ....... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ..................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair .. Production, transportation, and material moving .............................................. Production .......................................... Transportation and material moving ... 2.7 5.2 – – 7.3 – 2.4 – – – – – – – – – 10.5 2.4 11.8 – 12.0 – 13.9 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 5.0 – – – 11.2 – 6.6 – – – – – – – 1.9 15.4 2.9 7.5 7.3 – 7.3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2.0 – 2.9 9.0 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2.9 5.1 5.3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 Industry sectors are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. 33 Appendix A: Technical Note T Sample design The sample for this survey area was selected using a twostage stratified design with probability proportional to employment sampling at each stage. The first stage of sample selection was a probability sample of establishments. The sample of establishments was drawn by first stratifying the sampling frame by industry and ownership. The number of sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the stratum employment. Each sampled establishment is selected within a stratum with a probability proportional to its employment. Use of this technique means that the larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of selection. Weights were applied to each establishment when the data were tabulated so that it represents similar units (by industry and employment size) in the economy that were not selected for collection. The second stage of sample selection, detailed below, was a probability sample of occupations within a sampled establishment. his section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data contained in this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for the survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing the data. Although this section answers some questions commonly asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive description of all of the steps required to produce the data. Planning for the survey The overall design of the National Compensation Survey (NCS) includes questions of scope, frame, and sample selection. Survey scope This survey covered establishments employing one worker or more in private goods-producing industries (mining, construction, and manufacturing); private service-providing industries (trade, transportation, and utilities, information, financial activities, professional and business services, education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and other services); State governments; and local governments. Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, private households, and the Federal Government were excluded from the scope of the survey. For purposes of this survey, an establishment is an economic unit that produces goods or services, a central administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing support services to a company. For private industries in this survey, the establishment is usually at a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment is defined as all locations of a government agency within the sampled area. The statistical area covered by this survey is defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of December 2003. The York–Hanover, PA, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) consists of York County, PA. Data collection The collection of data from survey respondents required detailed procedures. Field economists collected the data, working out of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) Regional Offices and visiting each establishment surveyed. Other contact methods, such as mail and telephone, were used to clarify and update data. Occupational selection and classification Identification of the occupations for which wage data were to be collected was a multistep process: 1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs 2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system 3. Characterization of jobs as full-time versus parttime, union versus nonunion, and time versus incentive 4. Determination of the level of work of each job Sampling frame The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State unemployment insurance reports. Due to the volatility of industries within the private sector, sampling frames were developed using the most recent month of reference available at the time the sample was selected. Approximately one-fifth of the sample is reselected each year. For each occupation, wage data were collected for those workers whose jobs could be characterized by the criteria A-1 identified in the last three steps. If a specific work level could not be determined, wages were still collected. In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each establishment by the BLS field economist. A complete list of employees was used for sampling, with each selected worker representing a job within the establishment. As with the selection of establishments, the selection of a job was based on probability proportional to its size in the establishment. The greater the number of people working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance of selection. The number of jobs for which data were collected in each establishment was based on the establishment’s employment size. The number of jobs selected followed this schedule: Number of employees Number of selected jobs 1–49 50–249 250 or more Up to 4 6 8 The second step of the process entailed classifying the selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. NCS uses the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. A selected job may fall into any one of about 800 occupational classifications, from accountant to zoologist. When workers could be classified in more than one occupation, they were classified in the occupation that required the higher skill level. When there was no perceptible difference in skill level, the workers were classified in the occupation that described their primary activity. Each occupational classification is an element of a broader classification known as a major group. Occupations can fall into any of 22 major groups. Appendix B contains a complete list of all individual occupations, classified by the major group to which they belong. In step three, certain other job characteristics of the chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was identified as holding either a full-time or part-time job, based on the establishment’s definition of those terms. Then, the worker was classified as having a time versus incentive job, depending on whether any part of pay was directly based on the actual production of the worker, rather than solely on hours worked. Finally, the worker was identified as being in a union job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition of terms” section on the following page for more detail. Occupational leveling In the last step before wage data were collected, the work level of each selected job was determined using a “point factor leveling” process. Point factor leveling matches certain aspects of a job to specific levels of work with assigned point values. Points for each factor are then totaled to determine the overall work level for the job. A-2 The NCS program is in the process of converting from a nine-factor to a four-factor occupational leveling system. The conversion is being phased in via annual NCS sample replenishment groups and will require several years for full implementation. The four occupational leveling factors are: • • • • Knowledge Job controls and complexity Contacts (nature and purpose) Physical environment Each factor consists of several levels, and each level has an associated description and assigned points. A knowledge guide for 24 families of closely related occupations contains short definitions of the point levels of knowledge expected for the occupations and presents relevant examples. The other three factors use identical descriptions for all occupational categories and contain a definition of each point level within each factor. The description within each factor best matching the job is chosen. The point levels within each factor are designed to describe the thresholds of distinct levels of work. When a job does not meet the full description of a point level, the next lowest point level is used. Points for the four factors are totaled to determine the overall work level. NCS publishes data for up to 15 work levels. Most supervisory occupations are evaluated based on their duties and responsibilities. A modified approach is used for professional and administrative supervisors when they direct professional work and are paid primarily to supervise. Such supervisory occupations are leveled based on the work level of the highest position reporting to them. For a complete description of point factor leveling, refer to the publication “National Compensation Survey: Guide for Evaluating Your Firm’s Jobs and Pay,” available at the BLS National Compensation Survey Internet site at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/sp/ncbr0004.pdf. Combined work levels This bulletin includes a table which simplifies the presentation of work levels by combining them into four broad groups. The groups were determined by combinations of knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, physical environment, and supervisory duties, and are meant to be comparable across different occupations. The broad groups and the combined work levels are: Group designation Levels combined Group I Group II Group III Group IV Levels 1–4 Levels 5–8 Levels 9–12 Levels 13–15 Collection period Survey data were collected over a 13-month period for 60 metropolitan areas in the NCS program. For 20 small metropolitan areas, data were collected over a 4-month period. For each establishment in the survey, the data reflect the establishment’s most recent information at the time of collection. The payroll reference month shown in the tables reflects the average date of this information for all sample units. Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are solely tied to an hourly rate or salary. Earnings Earnings were defined as regular payments from the employer to the employee as compensation for straight-time hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The following components were included as part of earnings: Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation when all of the following conditions are met: • • • • • Incentive pay, including commissions, production bonuses, and piece rates Cost-of-living allowances Hazard pay Payments of income deferred due to participation in a salary reduction plan Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight or passengers The following forms of payments were not considered part of straight-time earnings: • • • • • • • Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for working a schedule that varies from the norm, such as night or weekend work Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends Bonuses not directly tied to production (such as Christmas and profit-sharing bonuses) Uniform and tool allowances Free or subsidized room and board Payments made by third parties (for example, tips) On-call pay To calculate earnings for various periods (hourly, weekly, and annual), data on work schedules also were collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours worked per day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were recorded. Annual weeks worked were determined. Because salaried workers who are exempt from overtime provisions often work beyond the assigned work schedule, their typical number of hours actually worked was collected. Definition of terms Full-time worker. Any employee whom the employer considers to be full time. Part-time worker. Any employee whom the employer considers to be part time. A-3 Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied, at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales. Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not meeting the conditions for union coverage. • • • A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining agent for all workers in the occupation Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed, mutually binding collective bargaining agreement Level. A ranking within an occupation based on the requirements of the position. Processing and analyzing the data Data were processed and analyzed at the BLS National Office following collection. Weighting and nonresponse Sample weights were calculated for each establishment and occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the relative size of the occupation within the establishment and of the establishment within the sample universe. Weights were used to aggregate data for the individual establishments or occupations into the various data series. Some of the establishments surveyed could not supply or refused to supply information. If data were not provided by a sample member during the initial interview, the weights of responding sample members in the same or similar “cells” were adjusted to account for the missing data. This technique assumes that the mean value of data for the nonrespondents equals the mean value of data for the respondents at some detailed “cell” level. Responding and nonresponding establishments were classified into these cells according to industry and employment size. Responding and nonresponding occupations within responding establishments were classified into cells that were additionally defined by major occupation group. If average hourly earnings data were not provided by a sample member during the update interview, then missing average hourly earnings were imputed by multiplying prior average hourly earnings by the rate of change in the average hourly earnings of respondents. The regression model that takes into account available establishment characteris- tics is used to derive the rate of change in the average hourly earnings. Establishments that were determined to be out of business or outside the scope of the survey had their weights changed to zero. Estimation The wage series in the tables are computed by combining the wages for each sampled occupation. Before being combined, individual wage rates are weighted by the number of workers; the sample weight, adjusted for nonresponding establishments and other factors; and the occupation’s scheduled hours of work. The sample weight reflects the inverse of each unit’s probability of selection at each sample selection stage and four weight adjustment factors. The first factor adjusts for establishment nonresponse and the second factor adjusts for occupational nonresponse. The third factor adjusts for any special situations that may have occurred during data collection. The fourth factor, post-stratification, also called benchmarking, is introduced to adjust estimated employment totals to the current counts of employment by industry. The latest available employment counts were used to derive average hourly earnings in this publication. Not all calculated series met the criteria for publication. Before any series was published, it was reviewed to make sure that the number of observations underlying it was sufficient. This review prevented the publication of a series that could have revealed information about a specific establishment. Estimates of the number of workers represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study, and not the number actually surveyed. Because occupational structures among establishments differ, estimates of the number of workers obtained from the sample of establishments serve to indicate only the relative importance of the occupational groups studied. Percentiles The percentiles presented in tables 6 through 10 are computed using earnings reported for individual workers in sampled establishment jobs and their scheduled hours of work. Establishments in the survey may report only individual-worker earnings for each sampled job. For the calculation of percentile estimates, the individual-worker hourly earnings are appropriately weighted and then arrayed from lowest to highest. The published 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution within A-4 each published occupation. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Data reliability The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically selected probability sample. There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling and nonsampling. Sampling errors occur because observations come only from a sample and not from an entire population. The sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible samples of the same size that could have been selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from the different samples would differ from each other. A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error divided by the estimate. RSE data are provided alongside the earnings data in the bulletin tables. The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an example, suppose a table shows that mean hourly earnings for all workers were $17.75, with a relative standard error of 1.0 percent for this estimate. At the 90-percent level, the confidence interval for this estimate is from $17.46 to $18.04 ($17.75 minus and plus $0.29, where $0.29 is the product of 1.645 times 1.0 percent times $17.75). If all possible samples were selected to estimate the population value, the interval from each sample would include the true population value approximately 90 percent of the time. Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data obtained. Although they were not specifically measured, the nonsampling errors were expected to be minimal due to the extensive training of the field economists who gathered the survey data, computer edits of the data, and detailed data review. Appendix table 1. Number of workers1 represented by the survey, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Civilian workers Occupational group2 Private industry workers State and local government workers All workers .................................................................... 169,400 153,400 15,900 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 40,100 8,300 31,700 31,800 37,700 16,100 21,600 18,700 10,100 8,600 41,100 25,600 15,500 29,000 7,100 22,000 29,400 36,600 16,100 20,500 18,000 9,700 8,300 40,500 25,200 15,300 11,100 1,300 9,800 2,500 1,100 – 1,100 – – – – – – 1 The number of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of the number of workers provide a description of size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for comparison to other statistical series to measure employment trends or levels. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. A-5 Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response, York-Hanover, PA, September 2007 Establishments Total Private industry State and local government Total in sampling frame1 ................................................ 7,803 7,484 318 Total in sample ............................................................... Responding ............................................................ Refused or unable to provide data ......................... Out of business or not in survey scope .................. 203 126 45 32 190 115 44 31 13 11 1 1 1 The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State unemployment insurance reports and is based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). For private industries, an establishment is usually a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment is defined as all locations of a government entity. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. A-6
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