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Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV National Compensation Survey February 1997 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ U.S. Department of Labor Alexis M. Herman, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner Revised March 1999 Bulletin 3090-08 Preface T For additional information regarding this survey, please contact the BLS Philadelphia Regional Office at (215) 5961154. You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at: Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, 2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE, Room 4175, Washington, DC 20212-0001, or call (202) 606-6220, or send e-mail to ocltinfo@bls.gov. The data contained in this bulletin are also available at the BLS Internet site (http://stats.bls.gov/comhome.htm). Data are in three formats: an ASCII file containing the published table formats; an ASCII file containing positional columns of data for manipulation as a data base or spreadsheet; and a Portable Document Format (PDF) file containing the entire bulletin. Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 606-7828; TDD phone: (202) 606-5897; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-326-2577. his bulletin provides results of a February 1997 survey of occupational pay in the Washington-Baltimore, DCMD-VA-WV, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). Data shown in this bulletin were collected as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) new program known as the National Compensation Survey (NCS). The survey could not have been conducted without the cooperation of the many private firms and government jurisdictions that provided pay data included in this bulletin. The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation. Survey data were collected and reviewed by Bureau of Labor Statistics field economists under the direction of John Filemyr, Assistant Regional Commissioner for Operations of the Philadelphia Regional Office. The Office of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation with the Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office, designed the survey, processed the data, and analyzed the survey results. iii Contents Page Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ Wages in the Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, CMSA............................................................... 1 2 Tables: A-1. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, all industries ........................................... A-2. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, private industry and State and local government........................................................................................................... A-3. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers, all industries ................................................................................................................................. A-4. Weekly and annual earnings and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only, all industries ............................................................................................ B-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and levels, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................ B-2. Mean hourly earnings for selected occupations and levels, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................ C-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and selected characteristics, all industries ................................................................................................................................. C-2. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers ......................................................................................................... C-3. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and establishment employment size, private industry, all workers ......................................................................................................... C-4. Number of workers represented by occupational group ............................................................... 4 8 12 17 21 26 33 34 35 36 Appendixes: A. Technical Note................................................................................................................................. Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied and represented............................................ Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors...................................................................................... Appendix table 3. Average work levels ........................................................................................... v 37 41 42 46 Introduction T line. As a result, some surveys have a high nonresponse rate for the all industries or the private industry iterations. Such instances are noted in the bulletin table footnotes. his survey of occupational pay was conducted in the Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). The CMSA includes the District of Columbia; Baltimore City and the counties of Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Carroll, Charles, Frederick, Harford, Howard, Montgomery, Prince George’s, Queen Anne’s and Washington, MD; the cities of Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Fredericksburg, Manassas, and Manassas Park, and the counties of Arlington, Clarke, Culpeper, Fairfax, Fauquier, King George, Loudoun, Prince William, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Warren, VA; and the counties of Berkeley and Jefferson, WV. This bulletin consists primarily of tables whose data are analyzed in the initial textual section. Tabulations provide information on earnings of workers in a variety of occupations and at a wide range of work levels. Also contained in this bulletin is information on the program, a technical note describing survey procedures, and several appendixes with detailed information on occupational classifications and the generic leveling methodology. NCS more extensive than OCS The wage data in this bulletin differ from those in previous Occupational Compensation Surveys by providing broader coverage of occupations and establishments within the survey area. Occupations surveyed for this bulletin were selected using probability techniques from a list of all those present in each establishment. Previous OCS bulletins were limited to a preselected list of occupations, which represented a small subset of all occupations in the economy. Information in the new bulletin is published for a variety of occupation-based data. This new approach includes data on broad occupational classifications such as white-collar workers, major occupational groups such as sales workers, and individual occupations such as cashiers. In tables containing work levels within occupational series, the work levels are derived from generic standards that apply to all occupational groups. The job levels in the OCS bulletins were based on narrowly-defined descriptions that were not comparable across specific occupations. Occupational data in this bulletin are also tabulated for other classifications such as industry group, full-time versus part-time workers, union versus nonunion status, time versus incentive status, and establishment employment size. Not all of these series were generated by the OCS program. The establishments surveyed for this bulletin were limited to those with 50 or more employees. Eventually, NCS will be expanded to cover those now-excluded establishments. Then, virtually all workers in the civilian economy will be surveyed, excluding only agriculture, private households, and employees of the Federal Government. NCS design and products The Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) new National Compensation Survey (NCS) is designed to provide data on the levels and rates of change of occupational wages and employee benefits for localities, broad geographic regions, and the nation as a whole. One output of the NCS will be the Employment Cost Index, a quarterly measure of the change in employer costs for wages and benefits. This bulletin is limited to data on wages and salaries. These data are similar to those released under the Occupational Compensation Survey (OCS), which has been discontinued. Due to the limited amount of time available to initiate this phase of the program, a number of companies were unable to provide complete data before the publication dead- 1 Wages in the Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area S per hour, while surveyed State and local government work ers averaged $18.11. Table A-2 reports the average hourly rate for white-collar occupations as $19.24 in private industry and $20.10 in State and local government. Bluecollar occupations showed an average hourly rate of $13.88 in private industry and $13.75 in State and local government. Service occupations within private industry averaged $7.86 per hour while those found in State and local government averaged $14.55. traight-time wages in the Washington-Baltimore, DCMD-VA-WV, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area averaged $16.57 per hour during February 1997. White-collar workers had an average wage of $19.41 per hour. Blue-collar workers averaged $13.87 per hour, while service workers had average earnings of $9.60 per hour. (All comparisons in this analysis cover hourly rates for both full- and part-time workers, unless otherwise noted.) Chart 1. Average hourly wage rates by occupational group, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 Chart 2. Average hourly rates for private industry and State and local government, WashingtonBaltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 Dollars per hour $ 20 Dollars per hour $ 25 15 20 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 Whitecollar Bluecollar Service workers White-collar Private industry Within each of these occupational groups, average hourly wages for individual occupations varied. For example, white-collar occupations included registered nurses at $21.27 per hour, secretaries at $13.94, and general office clerks at $11.06. Among occupations in the blue-collar category, truck drivers averaged $12.86 per hour while stock handlers and baggers averaged $10.08. Finally, service occupations included maids and housemen at $8.13 per hour and supervisors, cleaning & building service workers, at $10.82 per hour. Table A-1 presents earnings data for 156 detailed occupations; data for other detailed occupations surveyed could not be reported separately due to concerns about the confidentiality of survey respondents and the reliability of the data. Survey results show that private industry workers in Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV earned $16.20 Blue-collar Service State and local government Table A-3 presents data for workers considered by the survey respondents to be either full-time or part-time. Average wages for full-time workers, all occupations, were $17.44 per hour, compared with an average of $9.88 per hour for part-time workers. Data for specific work levels within major occupational groups are reported in table B-1. Occasionally, wage estimates for lower levels of work within major occupational groups are greater than estimates for higher levels. This can occur due to the mix of specific occupations (and industries) represented by the broad group as well as by the variability of the estimate. Some levels within a group may not be published because no workers were identified at that level or because there were not enough data to guarantee confidentiality and reliability. 2 $24.20 in mining, $16.85 in construction, and $17.27 in manufacturing. In service-producing industries hourly wages averaged $12.20 in wholesale and retail trade. Data for other industry divisions did not meet publication criteria. Table C-4 reports that a total of 1,876,299 workers were represented by the Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VAWV, CMSA survey. White-collar occupations included 1,174,863 workers, or 62 percent; blue-collar occupations included 331,666 workers, or 18 percent; and service occupations included 369,770 workers, or 20 percent. Work levels for all major groups span several levels, with professional specialty occupations and executive, administrative, and managerial occupations typically starting and ending at higher work levels than the other groups. Published data for administrative support occupations, including clerical, ranged from level 1 to level 9. As illustrated in Chart 3, the average hourly rate was $7.70 for level 1, $9.72 for level 3, $12.64 for level 5, and $15.10 for level 7. Chart 3. Average hourly rates by work level for administrative support occupations, including clerical, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 Chart 4. Distribution of workers represented by occupational group, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MDVA-WV, February 1997 Dollars per hour $20 Percent 70 60 15 50 10 40 30 5 20 10 0 1 3 5 7 0 Level Whitecollar Surveyed union workers had an average hourly rate of $17.79, as reported in table C-1. Wages for nonunion workers averaged $16.29. Time workers, whose wages were based solely on an hourly rate or a salary, averaged $16.49 per hour. Incentive workers, whose wages were at least partially based on productivity payments, averaged $18.39 per hour. Table C-2 shows wage data for specific industry divisions within private industry. In the private sector, hourly wages averaged $17.15 in all goods-producing industries, Bluecollar Service workers Data are also presented in appendix table 1 on the number of establishments studied by industry group and employment size. The relative standard errors of published mean hourly earnings for all industries, private industry, and State and local government are available in appendix table 2. The average work levels for published occupational groups and selected occupations are presented in appendix table 3. 3 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 All occupations ....................................................................... $16.57 All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 16.69 $6.75 7.00 25 Median 50 $9.58 $14.28 9.94 14.48 75 90 $20.48 20.64 $29.34 29.47 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... 19.41 20.00 8.55 9.47 11.67 12.26 16.43 17.00 24.09 24.84 33.39 33.66 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Civil engineers ...................................................... Electrical and electronic engineers ....................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Operations and systems researchers and analysts .......................................................... Natural scientists ...................................................... Health related occupations ....................................... Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Pharmacists .......................................................... Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Speech therapists ................................................. Therapists, N.E.C. ................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ......................... Teachers, except college and university .................. Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Substitute teachers ............................................... Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Librarians .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Economists ........................................................... Psychologists ........................................................ Social, recreation, and religious workers .................. Social workers ...................................................... Recreation workers ............................................... Lawyers and judges .................................................. Lawyers ................................................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Public relations specialists .................................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Technical occupations .................................................. Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians Health record technologists and technicians ........ Radiological technicians ....................................... Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Drafters ................................................................. Airplane pilots and navigators .............................. Computer programmers ....................................... Legal assistants .................................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Administrators and officials, public administration 23.40 24.86 26.54 24.61 27.64 28.78 25.25 25.70 12.96 14.00 16.00 16.00 18.09 16.85 16.13 16.35 15.98 17.29 20.20 20.67 21.93 21.39 19.31 19.64 21.17 23.15 25.85 24.18 28.07 27.69 24.23 25.00 28.85 30.53 32.25 28.00 32.61 35.10 29.90 30.41 36.06 37.49 37.50 34.50 36.75 42.23 36.06 37.02 21.50 18.34 23.12 35.23 21.27 26.85 17.78 29.00 30.20 18.84 28.31 32.55 25.80 22.33 26.92 28.41 26.57 23.77 10.35 26.07 20.25 20.20 24.93 26.75 22.30 14.56 14.53 15.14 43.42 43.91 14.81 12.20 14.99 14.96 15.75 23.27 15.24 20.00 24.36 13.58 12.38 18.69 15.67 11.76 18.50 18.79 17.60 10.00 5.16 13.87 14.28 14.28 15.16 15.16 12.10 10.00 9.71 10.46 30.29 30.53 17.30 12.88 16.94 15.53 17.55 26.48 16.48 24.70 27.03 15.04 21.25 25.55 19.43 13.61 21.00 21.61 20.52 16.25 5.16 19.99 14.28 14.28 18.02 18.27 16.54 11.83 11.83 13.52 36.92 37.02 21.64 16.00 20.71 35.04 20.80 27.00 17.25 28.55 30.09 17.16 27.82 28.52 25.47 22.01 26.22 28.94 25.45 24.20 7.23 26.26 20.74 20.53 21.67 23.27 19.31 13.66 12.98 15.46 41.35 41.35 25.76 20.02 26.00 48.07 24.00 28.00 18.50 35.49 34.37 20.64 33.17 36.46 32.56 31.00 32.44 34.37 32.84 30.55 14.57 33.16 25.09 24.39 29.83 31.26 23.20 15.98 15.98 16.42 50.96 50.96 28.75 31.39 31.15 66.11 28.97 28.00 22.42 35.69 35.27 25.28 41.84 50.83 36.15 34.37 36.18 37.73 35.17 35.58 17.71 36.14 28.29 28.29 39.27 55.00 44.48 20.63 21.74 18.92 58.46 58.46 22.43 16.21 27.80 23.97 21.75 17.26 14.82 10.05 16.61 14.13 14.73 17.21 13.41 55.21 18.88 16.69 16.15 25.61 29.86 24.07 13.56 12.50 14.80 15.20 13.70 11.11 9.90 8.44 12.20 12.21 9.22 13.24 9.90 18.30 12.50 12.31 11.67 13.74 15.53 16.87 14.48 13.70 17.49 19.79 14.48 12.75 11.67 9.08 12.20 12.91 11.62 13.70 11.25 30.00 12.96 16.45 12.74 17.10 19.41 17.21 19.47 15.90 26.52 22.60 18.75 15.28 14.37 9.80 16.00 14.00 14.35 17.14 13.50 34.98 19.23 16.93 14.83 22.30 26.88 24.96 28.05 17.78 39.12 24.30 27.61 18.61 17.65 10.91 18.79 15.08 17.95 20.60 15.28 78.34 23.32 16.93 19.23 30.42 35.00 27.17 39.15 20.08 42.07 41.03 35.90 22.40 20.13 12.14 23.62 16.07 19.95 22.60 15.72 126.95 26.20 19.23 21.50 40.45 47.28 28.49 See footnotes at end of table. 4 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Financial managers .............................................. $38.86 $18.03 $23.10 $30.70 Personnel and labor relations managers .............. 23.91 15.61 18.26 21.63 Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... 35.01 16.15 21.87 34.42 Administrators, education and related fields ......... 27.80 17.12 20.68 26.03 Managers, medicine and health ........................... 28.46 15.75 21.75 25.24 Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments ................................................ 16.16 10.76 12.50 14.66 Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ............. 24.00 12.75 13.53 18.05 Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. 30.06 15.63 20.72 27.32 Management related occupations ............................ 19.80 12.82 15.38 18.93 Accountants and auditors ..................................... 17.66 12.79 15.38 17.19 Management analysts .......................................... 28.66 14.19 16.92 24.70 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... 19.93 13.45 15.38 18.72 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ 24.53 18.36 21.07 25.48 Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction .................................................... 16.52 12.58 14.06 16.55 Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ 20.09 11.54 13.84 19.23 Sales occupations ............................................................ 14.99 5.75 7.00 10.72 Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ 23.99 9.20 14.50 21.25 Advertising and related sales occupations ........... 20.94 7.55 9.24 13.25 Sales occupations, other business services ......... 23.11 11.69 12.98 19.16 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. 19.48 10.00 12.98 16.83 Sales workers, apparel ......................................... 14.34 5.55 7.00 11.88 Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ... 9.41 6.25 7.25 8.50 Sales workers, other commodities ........................ 8.97 4.75 5.85 7.00 Sales counter clerks ............................................. 10.00 6.00 6.50 7.90 Cashiers ............................................................... 9.04 5.20 6.00 7.50 Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ....................... 11.70 6.79 7.50 9.50 Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... 12.07 7.75 9.37 11.36 Supervisors, general office ................................... 16.84 12.02 14.71 16.41 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ............................................... 16.17 11.00 12.94 15.11 Computer operators .............................................. 12.71 11.00 11.75 11.75 Secretaries ........................................................... 13.94 9.25 10.72 13.50 Typists .................................................................. 13.67 9.37 11.64 13.47 Interviewers .......................................................... 9.97 8.23 9.07 10.09 Hotel clerks ........................................................... 7.02 6.35 6.50 6.50 Receptionists ........................................................ 9.06 7.00 7.50 8.50 Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... 11.39 8.74 8.89 10.34 Order clerks .......................................................... 13.32 9.29 10.34 12.98 Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .... 12.35 7.00 9.10 11.08 Library clerks ........................................................ 9.12 6.02 7.03 8.90 File clerks ............................................................. 10.15 6.93 8.00 10.33 Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... 11.32 9.73 10.09 10.77 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... 11.19 8.44 9.19 10.85 Billing clerks .......................................................... 11.21 8.50 8.96 10.67 Telephone operators ............................................ 12.28 6.75 8.18 14.20 Mail clerks except postal service .......................... 7.77 5.50 6.00 6.60 Dispatchers ........................................................... 12.08 6.50 8.32 10.75 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... 9.66 7.00 8.82 9.41 Stock and inventory clerks .................................... 12.79 6.86 9.01 13.37 Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, N.E.C. .................................................. 11.92 5.50 7.26 11.54 Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators .. 12.93 9.58 10.80 12.86 Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... 12.34 9.71 10.64 12.16 Eligibility clerks, social welfare ............................. 12.08 9.27 11.24 11.92 Bill and account collectors .................................... 11.01 8.89 8.89 11.06 See footnotes at end of table. 5 75 90 $41.06 31.28 $69.46 40.33 45.13 33.07 32.21 52.89 38.88 45.54 17.69 33.60 35.17 23.13 19.51 29.33 23.40 38.88 47.28 27.69 22.75 50.96 24.04 28.63 27.48 31.25 19.23 25.99 17.67 30.71 29.01 25.80 20.76 29.71 27.49 46.75 51.31 33.20 22.99 18.65 11.50 10.25 11.25 13.97 15.96 14.36 18.51 31.89 27.64 14.00 15.37 19.67 14.86 21.73 17.05 22.04 19.16 14.19 16.03 15.32 10.84 7.50 10.00 12.06 17.05 18.35 10.66 11.06 12.32 12.21 13.50 15.75 9.11 15.33 11.06 16.61 22.50 16.18 20.07 17.75 11.00 8.32 11.48 13.40 17.05 18.35 12.47 11.76 14.13 15.62 14.18 15.75 11.01 17.65 11.86 17.63 15.67 14.19 14.31 13.24 12.00 15.67 17.09 15.39 13.77 13.39 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical (-Continued) General office clerks ............................................. $11.06 Data entry keyers ................................................. 8.78 Statistical clerks .................................................... 12.16 Teachers’ aides .................................................... 10.83 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... 11.12 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics ...................................................... Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers ......................................................... Carpenters ............................................................ Electricians ........................................................... Painters, construction and maintenance .............. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Machinists ............................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Printing press operators ....................................... Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators Packaging and filling machine operators .............. Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Assemblers ........................................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Truck drivers ......................................................... Driver-sales workers ............................................. Bus drivers ............................................................ Supervisors, material moving equipment ............. Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. .............................................. Helpers, construction trades ................................. Construction laborers ........................................... Production helpers ................................................ Stock handlers and baggers ................................. Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............ Hand packers and packagers ............................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Service occupations ........................................................... Protective service occupations ................................. Supervisors, guards .............................................. Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ............................................................ Correctional institution officers ............................. Guards and police except public service .............. Protective service occupations, N.E.C. ................ Food service occupations ......................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Bartenders ............................................................ See footnotes at end of table. 6 25 Median 50 75 90 $12.51 10.34 12.51 11.91 12.25 $14.88 11.65 16.39 14.46 15.86 $7.00 6.68 10.09 6.65 7.74 $9.00 $11.00 7.00 8.58 11.05 11.74 9.00 11.19 9.00 10.71 13.87 17.01 18.74 15.99 14.82 7.00 10.43 15.07 14.15 10.90 9.79 13.00 16.00 14.50 11.80 13.42 16.31 19.20 15.65 14.55 17.50 21.18 20.24 18.58 17.15 21.18 23.00 21.32 18.70 19.21 15.05 16.79 11.64 10.24 12.56 11.80 14.09 17.39 16.50 21.13 18.84 23.31 24.29 15.10 17.31 13.31 13.72 24.02 17.68 11.99 16.03 8.16 15.83 10.64 12.10 8.70 13.56 12.86 12.25 12.19 19.08 13.99 10.46 8.70 18.29 11.70 12.67 11.00 10.04 17.31 11.38 7.00 11.00 6.05 9.94 6.05 8.00 6.50 7.50 8.32 5.25 9.49 13.25 9.79 6.00 5.37 18.50 12.50 13.50 12.50 10.43 20.19 18.11 8.99 13.69 6.51 10.78 9.30 9.40 8.15 10.50 10.65 9.91 10.11 17.13 10.48 7.16 7.00 23.35 15.00 15.30 12.50 14.64 24.03 18.19 10.88 15.07 7.85 18.11 10.86 10.58 8.61 13.65 13.20 12.90 11.41 17.84 13.05 9.29 7.75 28.57 16.65 22.10 14.00 15.00 27.74 18.53 15.00 20.00 10.00 19.49 11.83 13.08 9.67 16.84 15.32 14.11 14.38 21.75 18.11 13.60 9.23 30.78 18.17 24.55 16.00 21.01 30.76 20.66 19.37 21.78 10.85 19.61 12.74 19.51 10.58 19.40 17.00 16.87 15.86 26.25 19.21 16.75 15.46 16.36 9.53 9.01 9.07 10.08 11.37 10.35 10.45 9.02 10.00 8.00 7.28 6.00 5.50 7.00 5.50 7.16 5.30 14.50 8.50 7.50 6.75 6.50 8.00 6.50 7.83 6.00 16.00 8.50 9.15 9.00 9.50 10.72 8.75 9.22 7.50 18.99 10.00 10.50 10.75 13.97 15.20 13.60 10.32 11.65 20.51 13.08 10.62 11.16 15.16 16.75 15.94 18.94 14.92 9.60 15.10 21.14 16.06 17.37 5.00 7.62 15.68 11.32 12.56 6.00 11.06 15.77 14.25 14.37 8.25 14.83 21.04 16.16 17.06 11.44 18.22 27.22 17.80 19.37 16.60 22.95 27.22 20.12 23.01 15.81 14.57 8.82 15.85 7.11 8.10 12.25 6.50 5.65 2.37 11.80 13.45 7.25 10.43 5.00 12.02 14.83 8.50 17.00 6.90 14.60 15.36 9.88 17.91 8.84 43.16 16.31 11.56 26.56 10.99 12.11 5.91 6.50 2.13 8.00 2.38 12.04 6.00 16.77 7.00 17.72 11.86 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean Service occupations (-Continued) Food service occupations (-Continued) Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Cooks ................................................................... Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Health service occupations ....................................... Health aides, except nursing ................................ Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Cleaning and building service occupations .............. Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers Maids and housemen ........................................... Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Personal service occupations ................................... Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities .. Public transportation attendants ........................... Baggage porters and bellhops .............................. Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................... Child care workers, N.E.C. ................................... Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................ 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. $4.07 8.72 6.24 8.41 6.54 7.46 8.95 9.80 8.70 7.99 10.82 8.13 7.67 9.21 6.26 18.05 5.06 7.77 7.79 8.73 10 25 Median 50 75 90 $2.13 6.00 4.75 5.00 3.75 5.45 6.45 6.25 6.45 5.00 7.00 5.30 5.00 4.75 4.75 8.19 3.62 5.50 5.40 5.00 $2.25 7.25 5.00 6.50 5.05 6.40 7.40 7.00 7.40 5.50 7.90 6.00 5.35 5.82 5.25 10.51 3.74 5.91 5.61 6.04 $2.38 8.50 5.75 8.14 6.00 7.20 8.75 9.93 8.50 7.05 9.98 7.75 6.50 7.81 6.00 16.28 5.00 6.25 7.92 8.10 $5.70 10.00 6.75 9.50 8.45 8.45 10.31 11.92 9.80 9.70 13.89 10.35 9.18 10.68 7.27 20.12 5.50 9.90 9.31 10.72 $7.55 11.53 10.47 14.07 8.46 10.00 11.73 13.01 10.83 11.62 15.17 10.97 11.50 14.42 7.93 36.69 5.75 11.19 10.13 11.76 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 7 Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 Private industry Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 All occupations ..................................................... $16.20 All occupations excluding sales .......................... 16.33 White-collar occupations ................................. White-collar occupations excluding sales ....... Professional specialty and technical occupations .............................................. Professional specialty occupations ............. Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..... Electrical and electronic engineers ..... Engineers, N.E.C. ............................... Mathematical and computer scientists ... Computer systems analysts and scientists ....................................... Operations and systems researchers and analysts ................................. Natural scientists .................................... Health related occupations ..................... Physicians .......................................... Registered nurses .............................. Pharmacists ........................................ Respiratory therapists ......................... Physical therapists .............................. Therapists, N.E.C. .............................. Teachers, college and university ............ Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ....... Teachers, except college and university Prekindergarten and kindergarten ...... Elementary school teachers ............... Secondary school teachers ................ Teachers, special education ............... Teachers, N.E.C. ................................ Vocational and educational counselors .................................... Librarians, archivists, and curators ......... Librarians ............................................ Social scientists and urban planners ...... Economists ......................................... Psychologists ...................................... Social, recreation, and religious workers Social workers .................................... Recreation workers ............................. Lawyers and judges ................................ Lawyers .............................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. ................. Editors and reporters .......................... Public relations specialists .................. Professional occupations, N.E.C. ....... Technical occupations ................................ Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .................................... Radiological technicians ..................... Licensed practical nurses ................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ........................................... Electrical and electronic technicians ... Airplane pilots and navigators ............ Computer programmers ..................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .............................................. Executives, administrators, and managers .......................................... State and local government $6.47 6.50 25 Median 50 $9.00 $13.85 9.25 14.06 Percentiles Mean 75 90 10 $19.93 20.12 $28.61 28.71 $18.11 18.11 25 Median 50 75 90 $9.47 $11.80 $15.86 $22.98 $31.47 9.47 11.79 15.85 22.96 31.48 19.24 19.97 8.07 9.18 11.36 12.20 16.13 16.92 23.56 24.06 33.20 33.72 20.10 20.12 10.25 10.25 12.50 12.50 17.83 17.79 27.17 27.17 33.58 33.64 23.31 24.92 26.66 27.47 29.24 25.28 12.96 14.25 15.87 18.09 17.45 16.13 15.87 17.02 19.89 21.93 21.39 19.33 20.67 22.74 26.00 27.91 28.00 24.28 28.00 30.00 32.69 32.34 35.89 29.94 37.07 38.58 37.64 36.05 42.36 36.06 23.61 24.71 25.42 – – – 12.91 13.67 16.80 – – – 16.25 18.04 23.12 – – – 22.46 24.15 24.43 – – – 30.83 31.80 27.63 – – – 35.29 35.58 32.32 – – – 25.73 16.35 19.68 25.00 30.43 37.02 – – – – – – 21.52 18.29 23.00 34.23 21.22 26.85 17.78 24.71 19.45 33.69 33.56 20.00 – 21.94 24.20 19.77 – 14.81 12.20 15.34 14.94 15.66 23.27 15.24 20.00 13.58 18.69 17.19 12.55 – 13.87 15.19 13.99 – 17.31 12.98 17.00 15.53 17.35 26.48 16.48 20.00 14.78 25.17 25.61 14.25 – 16.52 18.37 16.65 – 21.64 15.42 20.83 17.02 20.85 27.00 17.25 24.70 16.89 29.13 29.13 19.10 – 22.00 22.08 19.73 – 25.76 20.02 25.28 50.45 24.00 28.00 18.50 26.41 21.36 40.15 38.76 23.98 – 25.32 29.93 23.06 – 28.75 32.38 30.50 69.23 29.00 28.00 22.42 30.00 30.00 50.35 53.07 30.00 – 29.28 32.68 23.98 – – 18.62 23.71 39.97 21.82 – – – 18.03 25.63 29.62 26.47 23.20 27.37 28.89 28.36 25.01 – 11.18 14.25 18.13 17.21 – – – 14.67 11.90 22.52 16.25 11.76 18.83 19.05 19.09 11.00 – 12.74 15.37 41.43 18.84 – – – 15.57 18.33 25.25 20.20 14.29 21.34 22.29 21.62 17.62 – 18.27 19.90 43.51 19.92 – – – 17.17 27.22 27.37 26.80 22.69 27.13 29.72 30.00 24.66 – 25.96 29.63 45.77 25.13 – – – 19.76 31.58 30.80 33.25 31.22 32.91 34.47 33.35 31.60 – 27.14 38.62 46.80 28.28 – – – 22.73 35.62 44.55 36.42 34.37 36.40 37.95 35.55 35.73 – 18.11 17.99 27.30 27.99 24.77 12.64 12.84 – 45.19 45.19 – 14.28 14.28 13.00 13.00 12.10 8.00 8.00 – 34.62 34.62 – 14.28 14.28 18.27 18.27 16.83 9.62 9.62 – 38.46 38.46 – 14.28 14.28 23.27 29.61 22.09 11.75 11.75 – 43.75 43.75 – 22.43 22.43 31.75 31.75 29.81 13.39 14.56 – 51.28 51.28 – 28.29 28.29 44.48 55.00 44.48 19.03 19.61 – 58.65 58.65 27.95 22.28 22.28 19.31 – – 15.52 15.55 15.41 30.05 32.64 19.09 12.29 12.29 15.28 – – 11.83 11.83 13.52 15.89 27.94 21.96 18.17 18.17 17.09 – – 12.51 12.51 13.70 27.94 27.94 28.92 22.98 22.98 20.83 – – 14.82 14.49 15.46 33.32 33.65 33.53 27.50 27.50 21.67 – – 16.34 15.98 16.42 33.65 33.65 36.72 28.96 28.96 21.67 – – 22.04 22.76 18.92 34.86 38.46 22.39 27.80 23.97 21.38 17.63 13.56 14.80 15.20 13.40 10.88 14.48 17.49 19.79 14.48 12.50 18.75 26.52 22.60 18.75 15.68 28.32 39.12 24.30 27.61 18.82 39.15 42.07 41.03 36.18 23.02 – – – – 15.59 – – – – 12.50 – – – – 13.45 – – – – 14.83 – – – – 17.14 – – – – 19.77 14.77 16.61 14.28 9.90 12.20 12.21 11.40 12.20 13.00 14.32 16.00 14.02 17.65 18.79 15.68 20.40 23.62 16.48 – – 13.60 – – 12.58 – – 12.91 – – 13.77 – – 14.37 – – 15.08 13.79 16.49 55.21 18.88 8.81 12.90 18.30 12.50 10.65 13.70 30.00 12.96 13.31 16.00 34.98 19.23 17.00 19.22 78.34 23.32 18.90 21.73 126.95 26.20 17.61 – – – 13.26 – – – 16.36 – – – 18.14 – – – 19.50 – – – 20.96 – – – 16.84 11.53 12.88 17.30 20.19 21.88 – – – – – – 26.32 14.36 17.31 22.32 31.35 42.24 22.07 11.92 15.71 22.30 27.17 31.43 30.78 15.38 19.27 27.39 37.00 50.01 25.29 16.51 20.68 26.36 29.28 33.91 See footnotes at end of table. 8 Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued Private industry State and local government Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Administrators and officials, public administration ............................... – – – – Financial managers ............................ $38.86 $18.03 $23.10 $30.70 Personnel and labor relations managers ...................................... 21.37 15.61 16.83 21.61 Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations ....................... 35.01 16.15 21.87 34.42 Administrators, education and related fields ............................................. 28.35 14.87 19.00 23.47 Managers, medicine and health ......... 28.44 15.75 22.06 25.24 Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments .............................. 16.16 10.76 12.50 14.66 Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ........................................... 25.30 12.98 13.53 24.04 Managers and administrators, N.E.C. 30.09 15.63 20.67 26.88 Management related occupations .......... 20.23 13.55 15.89 19.35 Accountants and auditors ................... 17.95 13.57 15.38 17.31 Management analysts ........................ 28.66 14.19 16.92 24.70 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ...................... 20.68 13.45 15.38 18.96 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ........................................... 24.76 20.02 21.18 25.67 Management related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 20.56 10.96 14.91 19.42 Sales occupations .......................................... 14.94 5.75 7.00 10.58 Supervisors, sales occupations .......... 24.04 9.20 14.50 21.54 Advertising and related sales occupations .................................. 20.94 7.55 9.24 13.25 Sales occupations, other business services ........................................ 23.11 11.69 12.98 19.16 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ...... 19.48 10.00 12.98 16.83 Sales workers, apparel ....................... 14.34 5.55 7.00 11.88 Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ........................................ 9.41 6.25 7.25 8.50 Sales workers, other commodities ...... 8.97 4.75 5.85 7.00 Sales counter clerks ........................... 9.89 6.00 6.50 7.90 Cashiers ............................................. 8.99 5.20 6.00 7.50 Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ..... 11.69 6.79 7.50 9.50 Administrative support occupations, including clerical ...................................................... 12.15 7.55 9.13 11.48 Supervisors, general office ................. 16.36 12.02 12.99 16.41 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ...................... 16.17 11.00 12.94 15.11 Computer operators ............................ 12.87 11.00 11.75 11.75 Secretaries ......................................... 14.36 9.13 11.29 14.22 Typists ................................................ 14.04 9.50 12.00 13.60 Interviewers ........................................ 9.97 8.23 9.07 10.09 Hotel clerks ......................................... 7.02 6.35 6.50 6.50 Receptionists ...................................... 9.07 7.00 7.50 8.50 Information clerks, N.E.C. ................... 11.39 8.74 8.89 10.34 Order clerks ........................................ 13.32 9.29 10.34 12.98 Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .................................. 12.35 7.00 9.10 11.08 Library clerks ...................................... – – – – File clerks ........................................... 10.15 6.93 8.00 10.33 Records clerks, N.E.C. ....................... 11.66 9.77 10.09 11.08 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ............................................ 11.22 8.25 9.16 10.85 Billing clerks ........................................ 11.21 8.50 8.96 10.67 See footnotes at end of table. 9 Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 75 90 – $41.06 – $69.46 21.63 31.28 – – – – – – 45.13 52.89 – – – – – – 38.18 32.21 38.88 45.54 27.51 – 18.61 – 23.56 – 27.17 – 32.18 – 37.61 – 17.69 23.40 – – – – – – 35.03 35.48 23.56 19.35 29.33 39.24 48.44 28.20 22.87 50.96 – 28.83 17.68 16.49 – – 18.66 11.92 11.92 – – 29.28 12.08 11.92 – – 31.10 15.73 15.73 – – 32.37 21.35 20.64 – – 32.68 27.33 22.18 – 24.04 31.64 – – – – – – 28.63 31.25 – – – – – – 24.47 17.35 30.71 31.69 27.64 46.75 19.17 18.61 – 11.54 9.21 – 12.08 13.59 – 15.55 19.36 – 26.61 23.50 – 28.76 24.66 – 29.01 51.31 – – – – – – 25.80 33.20 – – – – – – 22.99 18.65 31.89 27.64 – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.50 10.25 10.94 13.97 15.96 14.00 15.37 19.67 14.86 21.73 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 14.68 17.34 17.09 22.04 11.72 19.02 8.44 15.01 10.13 15.72 11.13 17.26 13.21 18.68 15.52 34.13 19.16 14.19 16.48 15.92 10.84 7.50 10.00 12.06 17.05 22.50 16.18 20.75 20.00 11.00 8.32 11.50 13.40 17.05 – – 12.41 – – – – – – – – 9.62 – – – – – – – – 10.43 – – – – – – – – 11.92 – – – – – – – – 13.93 – – – – – – – – 16.24 – – – – – – 18.35 – 11.06 13.73 18.35 – 11.76 14.61 – 9.22 – 10.60 – 5.75 – 9.46 – 7.03 – 10.24 – 9.21 – 10.24 – 10.92 – 11.28 – 13.00 – 12.32 12.21 13.50 15.62 14.18 11.06 – 8.60 – 9.69 – 11.13 – 12.38 – 13.65 – $23.06 $16.87 $17.21 $24.48 $27.17 $28.49 – – – – – – Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued Private industry Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical (-Continued) Telephone operators .......................... $12.28 Mail clerks except postal service ........ 7.77 Dispatchers ......................................... 12.31 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks 9.66 Stock and inventory clerks .................. 12.62 Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, N.E.C. ............. 11.96 Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ................................. 12.93 Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...................................... 12.34 Eligibility clerks, social welfare ........... – Bill and account collectors .................. 10.89 General office clerks ........................... 10.51 Data entry keyers ............................... 9.30 Statistical clerks .................................. 12.16 Teachers’ aides .................................. 9.09 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 11.24 Blue-collar occupations ................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .............................................. Industrial machinery repairers ............ Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics ................ Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ........ Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers .................. Carpenters .......................................... Electricians ......................................... Construction trades, N.E.C. ................ Supervisors, production occupations .. Machinists ........................................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ................................................. Printing press operators ..................... Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ...................................... Packaging and filling machine operators ...................................... Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........................................... Assemblers ......................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..................................... Transportation and material moving occupations .............................................. Truck drivers ....................................... Driver-sales workers ........................... Bus drivers .......................................... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..................................................... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ................................... Helpers, construction trades ............... Construction laborers ......................... Production helpers .............................. Stock handlers and baggers ............... State and local government $6.75 5.50 6.50 7.00 6.86 25 Median 50 $8.18 $14.20 6.00 6.60 8.28 10.75 8.82 9.41 8.55 12.36 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $15.75 9.11 15.33 11.06 16.61 $15.75 11.01 17.65 11.86 18.10 10 25 Median 50 75 90 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 5.50 7.35 11.54 15.67 15.67 – – – – – – 9.58 10.80 12.86 14.19 17.09 – – – – – – 9.71 – 8.89 6.75 7.42 10.09 5.90 10.64 – 8.89 8.50 8.58 11.05 6.70 12.16 – 10.90 10.58 8.58 11.74 7.75 14.31 – 12.00 12.08 10.39 12.51 9.27 15.39 – 13.39 13.82 12.26 16.39 14.83 – $12.22 – 12.74 – – 11.29 7.25 8.59 10.10 13.95 16.77 10.79 9.06 10.13 11.13 11.13 11.13 13.88 7.00 9.63 13.46 17.51 21.96 13.75 9.19 10.43 13.31 16.99 19.24 17.24 15.00 10.56 11.38 13.39 12.51 16.50 15.58 21.30 17.15 23.31 19.21 14.92 – 10.04 – 10.45 – 13.87 – 17.95 – 20.20 – 14.47 17.67 11.64 11.40 12.56 12.97 13.98 18.14 14.85 22.10 23.00 23.31 – – – – – – – – – – – – 24.03 15.09 17.62 15.44 24.12 17.68 18.29 11.50 12.00 10.53 17.31 11.38 18.50 12.50 13.50 14.64 20.19 18.11 23.35 15.00 15.00 15.00 24.03 18.19 28.57 16.65 22.30 17.44 27.74 18.53 30.78 18.17 25.05 21.01 30.76 20.66 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 12.00 16.20 7.00 11.00 8.99 13.69 10.88 15.07 15.00 20.00 19.37 21.78 – – – – – – – – – – – – 8.16 6.05 6.51 7.85 10.00 10.85 – – – – – – 15.83 9.94 10.78 18.11 19.49 19.61 – – – – – – 10.64 12.10 6.05 8.00 9.30 9.40 10.86 10.58 11.83 13.08 12.74 19.51 – – – – – – – – – – – – 8.70 6.50 8.15 8.61 9.67 10.58 – – – – – – 13.48 12.81 12.25 – 6.88 8.21 5.25 – 10.30 10.40 9.91 – 13.63 13.20 12.90 – 16.87 15.51 14.11 – 19.40 17.00 16.87 – 13.89 – – 13.21 10.30 – – 9.91 11.29 – – 11.23 13.71 – – 13.17 15.86 – – 15.42 18.50 – – 16.39 13.99 9.79 10.48 13.05 18.11 19.21 – – – – – – 10.38 6.00 7.16 9.22 13.51 16.00 11.38 5.50 7.53 9.47 16.99 18.99 8.22 9.53 8.90 9.07 10.12 5.37 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.50 6.37 8.50 7.50 6.75 6.50 7.75 8.50 8.00 9.00 9.50 9.00 10.00 10.62 10.75 14.07 11.75 13.08 10.62 11.16 15.16 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 10 – – – – – $9.69 $11.48 $11.92 $13.50 $13.77 – – – – – 9.30 10.53 12.37 14.70 17.31 – – – – – – – – – – 8.37 10.53 11.30 12.23 14.46 Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued Private industry Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers (-Continued) Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ........................................... $11.37 Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ........................................ 10.35 Hand packers and packagers ............. 10.45 Laborers except construction, N.E.C. 9.22 Service occupations ......................................... Protective service occupations ............... Firefighting occupations ...................... Police and detectives, public service .. Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ..................... Correctional institution officers ........... Guards and police except public service .......................................... Food service occupations ....................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations ...................... Bartenders .......................................... Waiters and waitresses ...................... Cooks ................................................. Food counter, fountain, and related occupations .................................. Kitchen workers, food preparation ...... Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants .......... Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. Health service occupations ..................... Health aides, except nursing .............. Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ..................................... Cleaning and building service occupations ...................................... Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers ............................. Maids and housemen ......................... Janitors and cleaners ......................... Personal service occupations ................. Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ........................ Baggage porters and bellhops ............ Early childhood teachers’ assistants .. Child care workers, N.E.C. ................. Service occupations, N.E.C.. .............. State and local government $7.00 25 Median 50 $8.00 $10.72 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $15.20 $16.75 10 25 Median 50 75 90 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 5.50 7.16 5.30 6.50 7.83 6.50 8.75 9.22 7.70 13.60 10.32 11.65 15.94 18.94 15.09 – – – 7.86 9.60 – – 4.75 6.49 – – 5.55 7.00 – – 7.23 8.50 – – 9.24 10.50 – – 11.43 13.17 – – $14.55 17.26 16.06 17.37 – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.81 14.57 8.10 12.25 11.80 13.45 12.02 14.83 14.60 15.36 43.16 16.31 8.68 7.01 6.50 2.37 7.14 5.00 8.40 6.75 9.50 8.60 11.43 10.99 – 9.35 – 6.75 – 7.53 – 9.20 – 10.99 – 12.28 12.11 5.91 4.07 8.61 6.50 2.13 2.13 6.00 8.00 2.38 2.25 7.15 12.04 6.00 2.38 8.35 16.77 7.00 5.70 9.30 17.72 11.86 7.55 11.53 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 6.20 8.30 6.54 7.30 8.61 9.18 4.75 5.00 3.75 5.45 6.30 6.00 5.00 6.40 5.05 6.25 7.18 7.00 5.50 7.88 6.00 7.00 8.50 9.08 6.50 9.50 8.45 8.11 9.67 10.54 10.47 14.07 8.46 9.76 10.83 12.21 – – – 9.58 11.28 – – – – 5.77 8.25 – – – – 7.57 10.43 – – – – 8.71 11.36 – – – – 12.28 12.72 – – – – 13.23 14.13 – 8.47 6.40 7.25 8.46 9.47 10.73 10.94 8.01 9.43 10.43 11.53 15.36 7.60 5.00 5.50 6.50 9.00 11.00 10.08 6.78 8.15 9.67 11.52 13.71 10.04 8.10 7.13 9.15 7.00 5.30 5.00 4.75 7.75 6.00 5.25 5.58 9.27 7.75 6.00 7.44 11.54 10.35 7.80 10.13 14.42 10.97 10.58 16.80 – – 9.69 9.40 – – 6.78 5.91 – – 8.03 7.27 – – 9.46 9.31 – – 11.22 11.54 – – 13.07 12.92 5.91 5.06 – 7.38 8.59 4.75 3.62 – 5.40 5.00 5.00 3.74 – 5.61 6.00 5.80 5.00 – 7.35 8.04 6.36 5.50 – 9.07 10.14 7.93 5.75 – 10.13 11.41 – – 8.15 – 9.87 – – 4.96 – 5.73 – – 5.91 – 7.23 – – 6.25 – 11.26 – – 11.19 – 12.27 – – 11.42 – 12.27 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be $7.99 $10.57 $14.07 $17.40 $21.65 11.98 14.11 16.33 19.34 24.10 11.32 14.25 16.16 17.80 20.12 12.56 14.37 17.06 19.37 23.01 considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means not elsewhere classified. IN THIS SURVEY, THE NONRESPONSE RATE FOR PRIVATE INDUSTRY EXCEEDED REGULAR SURVEY STANDARDS FOR PUBLICATION. ACCORDINGLY, USERS SHOULD INTERPRET THESE RESULTS WITH THIS LIMITATION IN MIND. 11 Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 All industries Full-time Occupation3 Percentiles Mean 10 All occupations ..................................................... $17.44 All occupations excluding sales .......................... 17.43 White-collar occupations ................................. White-collar occupations excluding sales ....... Professional specialty and technical occupations .............................................. Professional specialty occupations ............. Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..... Civil engineers .................................... Electrical and electronic engineers ..... Engineers, N.E.C. ............................... Mathematical and computer scientists ... Computer systems analysts and scientists ....................................... Operations and systems researchers and analysts ................................. Natural scientists .................................... Health related occupations ..................... Physicians .......................................... Registered nurses .............................. Therapists, N.E.C. .............................. Teachers, college and university ............ Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ....... Teachers, except college and university Prekindergarten and kindergarten ...... Elementary school teachers ............... Secondary school teachers ................ Teachers, special education ............... Teachers, N.E.C. ................................ Substitute teachers ............................. Vocational and educational counselors .................................... Librarians, archivists, and curators ......... Librarians ............................................ Social scientists and urban planners ...... Economists ......................................... Psychologists ...................................... Social, recreation, and religious workers Social workers .................................... Lawyers and judges ................................ Lawyers .............................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. ................. Designers ........................................... Editors and reporters .......................... Public relations specialists .................. Professional occupations, N.E.C. ....... Technical occupations ................................ Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .................................... Radiological technicians ..................... Licensed practical nurses ................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ........................................... Electrical and electronic technicians ... Drafters ............................................... Airplane pilots and navigators ............ Computer programmers ..................... Legal assistants .................................. Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... Part-time 25 Median 50 $7.70 $10.56 $15.03 7.95 10.63 15.11 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $21.18 21.19 $30.38 30.25 10 25 $9.88 10.14 $5.00 5.00 $5.75 5.61 Median 50 75 90 $7.37 $10.78 $20.00 7.50 11.20 21.00 20.16 20.43 9.50 10.02 12.34 12.75 16.97 17.21 24.81 25.14 34.18 34.33 12.58 14.59 5.75 6.25 6.89 7.86 9.00 11.00 15.93 20.00 25.00 28.00 23.73 25.24 26.49 24.61 27.64 28.62 25.23 13.25 14.33 16.00 16.00 18.09 16.80 16.13 16.13 17.56 20.20 20.67 21.93 21.39 19.24 21.37 23.32 25.80 24.18 28.07 27.50 24.10 29.13 31.02 32.21 28.00 32.61 34.47 30.00 36.60 37.95 37.24 34.50 36.75 42.28 36.06 19.72 20.80 – – – – – 8.23 7.50 – – – – – 13.52 14.57 – – – – – 18.85 20.74 – – – – – 25.00 27.00 – – – – – 30.26 31.00 – – – – – 25.70 16.35 19.62 24.98 30.41 37.02 – – – – – – 21.14 18.34 22.72 34.90 20.07 17.92 29.39 32.87 27.07 21.63 27.06 28.51 26.61 26.38 – 14.66 12.20 14.83 14.96 15.35 13.58 16.07 19.71 17.44 11.76 18.69 18.91 17.48 16.25 – 16.71 12.88 16.23 15.53 17.00 14.82 23.26 25.75 20.72 12.96 21.10 21.94 20.52 18.74 – 21.03 16.00 19.90 18.20 19.99 17.03 28.17 29.04 27.04 20.69 26.38 28.94 25.74 26.88 – 24.37 20.02 23.94 46.80 22.48 19.76 33.44 36.91 33.25 30.36 32.56 34.37 32.84 32.44 – 28.32 31.39 33.59 66.11 25.50 25.28 41.84 50.98 36.42 34.37 36.18 37.81 35.17 36.10 – – – 24.41 47.07 24.03 23.05 17.87 – 14.08 – – 25.43 – 13.80 10.35 – – 16.78 9.37 16.73 15.62 9.52 – 5.16 – – 17.24 – 5.12 5.16 – – 20.00 42.00 20.00 17.01 11.90 – 7.23 – – 18.99 – 7.35 5.16 – – 24.00 45.00 24.00 19.19 12.38 – 13.87 – – 22.21 – 11.59 7.23 – – 29.63 58.95 29.00 30.00 29.21 – 17.71 – – 30.29 – 21.08 14.57 – – 31.00 69.67 31.00 40.25 30.26 – 24.20 – – 33.65 – 24.20 17.71 26.23 20.81 20.77 23.08 23.52 22.62 14.85 14.83 44.17 44.63 13.87 14.28 14.28 15.16 15.16 12.10 11.06 11.06 30.75 31.25 20.12 14.28 14.28 18.02 18.27 16.84 12.51 12.44 37.95 38.46 26.31 22.01 22.01 21.67 21.67 19.51 13.70 13.66 42.79 43.08 33.20 25.09 25.09 29.83 29.83 23.20 15.98 15.98 51.28 51.28 36.14 28.29 28.29 31.75 31.75 44.48 19.87 21.32 58.65 58.65 – 13.57 13.57 – – – 13.12 – – – – 10.87 10.87 – – – 7.50 – – – – 11.35 11.35 – – – 8.75 – – – – 12.55 12.55 – – – 12.90 – – – – 14.79 14.79 – – – 15.46 – – – – 18.88 18.88 – – – 23.18 – – – 22.67 16.21 28.09 24.24 21.86 17.49 13.56 12.50 15.39 15.20 13.70 11.30 14.48 13.70 18.20 19.79 14.48 12.88 19.18 15.90 27.07 22.60 18.75 15.36 28.37 17.78 39.12 24.30 27.82 18.65 39.15 20.08 42.07 41.03 36.06 22.84 17.61 – – – – 14.24 8.23 – – – – 9.00 11.00 – – – – 10.81 20.57 – – – – 14.90 21.00 – – – – 16.01 25.00 – – – – 18.87 14.74 16.61 13.78 9.94 12.20 12.21 11.67 12.20 12.83 14.26 15.84 13.77 17.60 18.82 14.50 20.00 23.63 15.68 15.72 16.62 15.12 9.36 13.57 12.75 10.90 15.22 14.30 14.90 17.22 15.43 18.38 18.76 16.00 25.00 19.82 17.00 15.32 17.21 13.41 55.21 18.88 16.69 10.07 13.24 9.90 18.30 12.50 12.31 12.16 13.70 11.25 30.00 12.96 16.45 15.61 17.14 13.50 34.98 19.23 16.93 18.14 20.60 15.28 78.34 23.32 16.93 20.87 22.60 15.72 126.95 26.20 19.23 11.79 – – – – – 8.40 – – – – – 10.15 – – – – – 10.35 – – – – – 13.55 – – – – – 16.55 – – – – – 16.12 11.67 12.74 14.83 19.23 21.50 – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 12 – Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Part-time Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .............................................. $25.71 $13.94 $17.21 $22.30 Executives, administrators, and managers .......................................... 29.98 15.61 19.47 27.17 Administrators and officials, public administration ............................... 24.10 16.87 17.21 24.96 Financial managers ............................ 38.86 18.03 23.10 30.70 Personnel and labor relations managers ...................................... 23.91 15.61 18.26 21.63 Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations ....................... 35.01 16.15 21.87 34.42 Administrators, education and related fields ............................................. 28.17 17.65 21.65 26.13 Managers, medicine and health ......... 28.41 15.75 22.06 25.24 Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments .............................. 16.16 10.76 12.50 14.66 Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ........................................... 24.00 12.75 13.53 18.05 Managers and administrators, N.E.C. 30.19 15.91 20.75 27.76 Management related occupations .......... 19.91 13.00 15.38 19.00 Accountants and auditors ................... 17.66 12.79 15.38 17.19 Management analysts ........................ 28.66 14.19 16.92 24.70 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ...................... 19.95 13.45 15.38 18.72 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ........................................... 24.53 18.36 21.07 25.48 Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction ....................... 16.52 12.58 14.06 16.55 Management related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 20.64 11.54 14.24 19.50 Sales occupations .......................................... 17.51 6.50 8.50 13.81 Supervisors, sales occupations .......... 24.35 9.70 15.00 21.54 Advertising and related sales occupations .................................. 21.76 7.73 9.35 13.64 Sales occupations, other business services ........................................ 23.56 11.69 13.22 19.28 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ...... 19.48 10.00 12.98 16.83 Sales workers, apparel ....................... 14.92 5.50 9.23 12.73 Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ........................................ 9.97 6.75 7.43 9.00 Sales workers, other commodities ...... 10.30 4.75 6.24 8.00 Cashiers ............................................. 9.87 5.50 7.00 8.75 Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ..... 11.63 2.36 8.88 10.72 Administrative support occupations, including clerical ...................................................... 12.43 8.25 9.78 11.75 Supervisors, general office ................. 16.85 12.02 14.71 16.41 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ...................... 16.35 11.65 12.94 15.11 Computer operators ............................ 12.71 11.00 11.75 11.75 Secretaries ......................................... 14.12 9.40 11.06 13.65 Typists ................................................ 14.03 10.33 12.00 13.60 Hotel clerks ......................................... 7.03 6.50 6.50 6.50 Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........................................... 14.50 8.80 9.30 15.91 Receptionists ...................................... 9.33 7.50 8.00 8.66 Information clerks, N.E.C. ................... 11.82 8.89 8.95 10.65 Order clerks ........................................ 13.32 9.29 10.34 12.98 Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .................................. 12.35 7.00 9.10 11.08 Library clerks ...................................... 10.58 8.87 8.90 9.62 File clerks ........................................... 10.28 7.83 9.85 10.58 See footnotes at end of table. 13 Percentiles Mean 75 90 10 $30.54 $40.45 $17.88 $6.75 35.10 47.28 22.29 6.75 27.17 41.06 28.49 69.46 – – 31.28 40.33 45.13 25 Median 50 75 90 $7.00 $18.54 $26.00 $32.68 10.49 23.08 26.57 32.68 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 52.89 – – – – – – 33.27 32.21 38.88 42.67 – – – – – – – – – – – – 17.69 23.40 – – – – – – 33.60 35.48 23.13 19.51 29.33 38.88 48.13 27.83 22.75 50.96 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 24.04 27.48 – – – – – – 28.63 31.25 – – – – – – 19.23 20.76 – – – – – – 26.52 20.36 30.71 30.05 32.58 46.75 – 8.68 – – 5.20 – – 6.00 – – 7.00 – – 9.50 – 40.99 51.31 – – – – – – 25.80 33.20 – – – – – – 22.99 18.31 31.89 32.58 – 13.24 – 5.77 – 6.30 – 7.50 – 24.62 – 27.64 12.10 12.50 14.44 16.14 14.60 17.94 15.16 19.73 – 6.60 8.49 – – 4.75 5.20 – – 5.50 5.95 – – 6.17 7.00 – – 7.22 10.55 – – 8.87 14.07 – 14.64 18.51 17.09 22.04 8.87 – 5.85 – 7.00 – 8.20 – 10.28 – 12.00 – 19.16 14.19 16.16 15.92 7.50 22.50 16.18 20.19 20.00 8.33 – – 10.84 11.50 – – – 7.80 8.00 – – – 8.40 9.00 – – – 10.00 10.50 – – – 12.12 13.13 – – – 16.03 17.75 – 17.88 10.00 12.70 17.05 17.88 11.50 19.64 17.05 – 8.36 – – – 6.12 – – – 7.00 – – – 7.50 – – – 9.50 – – – 11.30 – – 18.35 12.25 11.06 18.35 13.89 11.08 – 7.73 – – 5.72 – – 6.09 – – 7.03 – – 9.08 – – 11.31 – – 14.07 – Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Percentiles Mean 10 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical (-Continued) Records clerks, N.E.C. ....................... $11.32 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ............................................ 11.57 Billing clerks ........................................ 11.27 Telephone operators .......................... 12.79 Mail clerks except postal service ........ 8.33 Dispatchers ......................................... 12.35 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks 9.72 Stock and inventory clerks .................. 13.42 Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, N.E.C. ............. 12.85 Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ................................. 12.93 Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...................................... 12.37 Eligibility clerks, social welfare ........... 12.39 Bill and account collectors .................. 11.00 General office clerks ........................... 11.66 Data entry keyers ............................... 8.98 Teachers’ aides .................................. 10.80 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 11.45 Blue-collar occupations ................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .............................................. Automobile mechanics ....................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .................................... Industrial machinery repairers ............ Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics ................ Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ........ Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers .................. Carpenters .......................................... Electricians ......................................... Construction trades, N.E.C. ................ Supervisors, production occupations .. Machinists ........................................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ................................................. Printing press operators ..................... Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ...................................... Packaging and filling machine operators ...................................... Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........................................... Assemblers ......................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..................................... Transportation and material moving occupations .............................................. Truck drivers ....................................... Driver-sales workers ........................... Bus drivers .......................................... Supervisors, material moving equipment ..................................... Part-time 25 Median 50 $9.86 $10.09 $10.77 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $12.32 $13.73 10 25 Median 50 75 90 – – – – – – 8.89 8.50 7.00 5.95 6.50 7.00 8.27 9.56 8.97 11.33 6.25 8.27 8.80 10.83 11.11 11.14 15.75 7.50 10.75 10.13 13.37 13.00 13.50 15.75 10.73 15.33 11.06 16.61 15.62 14.18 15.75 11.40 17.65 11.86 17.63 $8.85 – – – – – 7.25 $5.85 – – – – – 6.20 $8.00 – – – – – 6.20 6.47 9.07 15.67 15.67 15.67 – – – – – – 9.58 10.80 12.86 14.19 17.09 – – – – – – 9.77 10.03 8.89 8.48 6.68 6.50 10.65 11.70 8.89 9.90 7.42 8.87 12.16 11.92 11.06 11.50 8.58 11.19 14.31 13.50 12.00 12.88 10.34 11.88 15.43 13.77 13.39 15.29 11.65 14.46 – – – 7.18 7.35 – – – – 5.20 5.75 – – – – 5.20 6.25 – – – – 7.00 7.50 – – – – 8.15 8.10 – – – – 10.53 9.00 – 8.20 9.42 10.96 12.50 15.87 8.73 4.75 6.50 7.50 10.00 11.60 14.24 7.74 10.32 13.75 17.86 21.46 7.79 4.75 5.65 7.00 9.45 11.91 17.07 18.74 10.50 15.07 13.18 16.00 16.35 19.20 21.18 20.24 23.00 21.32 11.51 – 6.50 – 10.00 – 10.00 – 11.05 – 15.10 – 15.99 14.53 14.15 10.90 14.50 11.80 15.65 14.55 18.58 16.86 18.70 19.21 – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.05 16.79 11.64 10.24 12.56 11.80 14.09 17.39 16.50 21.13 18.84 23.31 – – – – – – – – – – – – 24.29 15.10 17.31 13.72 24.02 17.68 18.29 11.70 12.67 10.04 17.31 11.38 18.50 12.50 13.50 10.43 20.19 18.11 23.35 15.00 15.30 14.64 24.03 18.19 28.57 16.65 22.10 15.00 27.74 18.53 30.78 18.17 24.55 21.01 30.76 20.66 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 12.12 16.20 7.05 11.00 9.23 13.69 10.91 15.07 15.07 20.00 19.44 21.78 7.86 – 6.00 – 6.30 – 7.17 – 10.56 – 11.28 – 8.08 6.00 6.50 7.75 9.59 10.85 – – – – – – 15.83 9.94 10.78 18.11 19.49 19.61 – – – – – – 10.90 12.10 9.05 8.00 9.42 9.40 11.16 10.58 11.95 13.08 12.74 19.51 – – – – – – – – – – – – 8.70 6.50 8.15 8.61 9.67 10.58 – – – – – – 14.16 13.39 12.69 12.56 9.50 9.35 6.75 9.75 11.15 11.15 10.61 10.25 13.89 13.47 13.07 11.93 17.00 16.00 14.33 15.07 19.40 17.00 16.88 16.05 7.77 7.62 – 11.07 4.75 4.75 – 8.25 4.75 4.75 – 9.75 5.65 4.75 – 10.80 10.39 12.26 – 12.09 13.07 14.00 – 14.22 19.08 13.25 17.13 17.84 21.75 26.25 – – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 14 $9.00 $10.94 $11.00 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 6.60 7.35 8.67 Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Percentiles Mean 10 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Transportation and material moving occupations (-Continued) Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ...................................... $13.99 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..................................................... 10.90 Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ................................... 9.25 Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. ..... 16.36 Helpers, construction trades ............... 9.53 Construction laborers ......................... 9.01 Production helpers .............................. 9.44 Stock handlers and baggers ............... 10.98 Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ........................................... 12.34 Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ........................................ 10.82 Hand packers and packagers ............. 10.87 Laborers except construction, N.E.C. 9.08 Service occupations ......................................... Protective service occupations ............... Supervisors, guards ............................ Firefighting occupations ...................... Police and detectives, public service .. Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ..................... Correctional institution officers ........... Guards and police except public service .......................................... Protective service occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... Food service occupations ....................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations ...................... Waiters and waitresses ...................... Cooks ................................................. Food counter, fountain, and related occupations .................................. Kitchen workers, food preparation ...... Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants .......... Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. Part-time 25 Median 50 $9.79 $10.48 $13.05 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $18.11 $19.21 10 25 Median 50 75 90 – – – – – – 6.25 7.70 9.94 13.65 17.70 $7.22 $5.25 $6.00 $7.00 $8.00 $9.50 6.00 7.00 8.00 11.13 15.46 – – – – – – 10.00 8.00 7.28 6.75 6.05 14.50 8.50 7.50 6.75 7.50 16.00 8.50 9.15 9.00 10.58 18.99 10.00 10.50 10.75 14.34 20.51 13.08 10.62 11.16 15.16 – – – – 7.46 – – – – 5.25 – – – – 5.65 – – – – 6.60 – – – – 8.10 – – – – 10.75 8.00 9.25 11.15 15.40 18.87 7.39 6.00 6.50 7.00 8.00 8.90 6.00 7.53 5.30 8.18 8.00 6.00 9.00 9.65 7.25 13.60 10.32 11.65 16.36 18.94 15.04 – – 7.99 – – 5.50 – – 7.70 – – 7.70 – – 8.51 – – 10.00 10.54 15.80 21.14 16.21 17.43 5.50 8.22 15.68 11.72 12.56 6.90 12.02 15.77 14.27 14.37 9.18 15.38 21.04 16.16 17.10 12.80 19.00 27.22 17.80 19.37 17.40 23.70 27.22 20.12 23.09 6.48 8.60 – – – 2.59 6.00 – – – 5.00 7.00 – – – 5.94 8.50 – – – 7.57 9.45 – – – 9.24 11.20 – – – 15.77 14.57 8.10 12.25 8.10 13.45 12.02 14.83 13.79 15.36 43.16 16.31 – – – – – – – – – – – – 8.78 6.50 7.00 8.32 9.62 12.73 8.90 6.60 7.75 8.50 10.00 11.20 18.49 7.77 10.57 2.38 15.92 5.75 17.35 7.53 24.09 9.30 26.56 12.22 – 5.57 – 2.25 – 2.38 – 5.50 – 7.08 – 8.84 12.21 4.49 9.21 6.50 2.13 6.50 8.50 2.13 7.53 12.50 3.10 9.00 16.77 5.75 10.54 17.72 7.96 12.31 – 3.56 7.41 – 2.13 5.50 – 2.37 6.50 – 2.37 7.50 – 2.59 8.00 – 6.92 9.25 7.12 8.25 6.61 7.67 5.00 5.00 3.75 5.50 5.20 6.50 5.88 6.50 6.00 8.09 6.29 7.35 10.47 9.50 8.45 8.45 10.99 10.50 8.46 10.00 5.58 8.70 6.33 6.31 4.75 5.10 3.75 5.00 5.00 6.50 4.75 5.52 5.30 8.15 5.75 6.40 6.00 10.44 6.50 7.19 6.75 14.07 12.15 8.20 See footnotes at end of table. 15 Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Percentiles Mean Service occupations (-Continued) Health service occupations ..................... Health aides, except nursing .............. Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ..................................... Cleaning and building service occupations ...................................... Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers ............................. Maids and housemen ......................... Janitors and cleaners ......................... Personal service occupations ................. Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ........................ Public transportation attendants ......... Early childhood teachers’ assistants .. Child care workers, N.E.C. ................. Service occupations, N.E.C.. .............. Part-time Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 10 25 Median 50 75 90 $9.29 10.36 $6.90 7.00 $7.65 8.25 $9.08 10.34 $10.43 12.03 $11.99 13.01 $7.76 7.55 $5.75 5.50 $6.64 5.60 $7.75 6.25 $8.58 9.63 $9.63 10.54 8.96 6.60 7.50 8.93 10.19 11.00 7.80 6.25 6.79 7.75 8.50 9.29 8.49 5.25 6.10 8.00 10.40 12.14 6.17 5.00 5.00 5.35 6.00 7.50 11.47 8.12 8.30 10.80 7.90 5.25 5.25 5.67 8.00 6.00 6.00 7.38 11.00 7.75 7.55 9.72 14.42 10.40 9.83 11.57 15.22 10.97 12.32 17.39 – – 6.05 6.92 – – 5.00 4.75 – – 5.00 5.25 – – 5.25 6.00 – – 5.75 7.27 – – 6.73 9.44 – 20.31 9.91 8.69 9.10 – 10.51 6.61 6.08 5.95 – 12.64 7.65 7.80 7.38 – 17.96 9.90 8.87 9.40 – 20.12 11.19 9.78 10.86 – 39.09 12.57 10.13 11.57 5.94 – – 6.48 7.92 4.75 – – 5.25 4.75 5.00 – – 5.40 5.16 5.94 – – 5.61 6.00 6.67 – – 7.89 7.50 7.27 – – 9.31 18.00 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 16 Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 All industries Occupation3 Mean weekly hours4 Weekly earnings Mean Median Mean annual hours Annual earnings Mean Median All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 39.6 39.6 $691 690 $598 600 2,015 2,009 $35,133 35,020 $30,742 30,846 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... 39.6 39.5 798 806 677 688 1,998 1,987 40,273 40,587 34,674 35,194 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Civil engineers ...................................................... Electrical and electronic engineers ....................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Operations and systems researchers and analysts .......................................................... Natural scientists ...................................................... Health related occupations ....................................... Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Therapists, N.E.C. ................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ......................... Teachers, except college and university .................. Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Librarians .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Economists ........................................................... Psychologists ........................................................ Social, recreation, and religious workers .................. Social workers ...................................................... Lawyers and judges .................................................. Lawyers ................................................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Public relations specialists .................................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Technical occupations .................................................. Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians Radiological technicians ....................................... Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Drafters ................................................................. Airplane pilots and navigators .............................. Computer programmers ....................................... Legal assistants .................................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Administrators and officials, public administration Financial managers .............................................. Personnel and labor relations managers .............. Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Administrators, education and related fields ......... Managers, medicine and health ........................... Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments ................................................ 39.1 39.1 40.4 41.8 40.6 39.7 40.1 40.1 927 988 1,071 1,029 1,122 1,137 1,012 1,031 844 923 1,043 977 1,135 1,100 969 1,000 1,904 1,879 2,103 2,176 2,112 2,065 2,085 2,086 45,187 47,419 55,706 53,530 58,367 59,106 52,610 53,617 40,914 43,659 54,226 50,814 59,030 57,200 50,398 52,000 40.0 40.5 39.6 40.9 39.3 39.7 39.2 37.6 36.7 39.1 36.7 36.5 36.8 37.1 35.4 39.1 39.1 39.6 39.9 40.0 39.7 39.7 39.8 39.8 846 742 901 1,426 789 712 1,153 1,235 994 845 993 1,041 981 979 928 813 811 913 939 905 589 589 1,759 1,778 841 643 776 1,465 776 681 1,104 1,104 1,007 825 985 1,070 959 1,008 968 871 871 867 867 780 547 520 1,654 1,673 2,080 2,104 2,028 2,125 2,043 2,026 1,701 1,708 1,437 1,625 1,425 1,395 1,488 1,436 1,540 1,996 1,996 2,057 2,077 2,080 2,063 2,064 2,071 2,072 43,977 38,577 46,064 74,158 41,006 36,312 50,011 56,145 38,896 35,164 38,550 39,767 39,612 37,886 40,395 41,537 41,452 47,470 48,841 47,042 30,632 30,621 91,469 92,469 43,742 33,415 40,331 76,170 40,331 35,464 46,062 51,251 39,083 33,104 37,953 40,098 40,098 38,304 41,450 45,279 45,136 45,074 45,074 40,581 28,434 27,061 86,008 87,009 38.9 40.0 37.8 38.7 39.7 38.8 39.9 39.7 38.3 39.5 40.3 40.7 25.4 40.0 39.6 39.7 40.2 40.1 38.4 39.6 39.4 881 648 1,061 939 867 679 587 659 528 606 694 546 1,400 754 661 640 1,033 1,202 925 1,539 942 781 636 1,058 904 750 609 568 615 520 637 714 550 1,200 769 677 588 910 1,087 874 1,228 865 2,019 2,080 1,964 2,014 2,049 2,017 2,072 2,064 1,993 2,056 2,096 2,118 1,318 2,078 2,060 2,063 2,080 2,076 1,996 2,060 2,049 45,774 33,716 55,167 48,816 44,795 35,282 30,544 34,279 27,468 31,502 36,072 28,391 72,782 39,224 34,375 33,262 53,486 62,241 48,089 80,039 48,983 40,664 33,072 54,995 47,008 39,000 31,658 29,557 31,990 27,040 33,114 37,107 28,610 62,400 39,998 35,214 30,597 47,008 56,285 45,427 63,856 44,990 41.6 38.7 40.1 1,456 1,089 1,140 1,425 1,051 1,010 2,162 1,932 2,086 75,696 54,420 59,262 74,110 53,257 52,499 40.0 646 586 2,080 33,610 30,493 See footnotes at end of table. 17 Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Occupation3 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ............. Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. Management related occupations ............................ Accountants and auditors ..................................... Management analysts .......................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction .................................................... Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ Sales occupations ............................................................ Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ Advertising and related sales occupations ........... Sales occupations, other business services ......... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. Sales workers, apparel ......................................... Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ... Sales workers, other commodities ........................ Cashiers ............................................................... Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ....................... Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... Supervisors, general office ................................... Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ............................................... Computer operators .............................................. Secretaries ........................................................... Typists .................................................................. Hotel clerks ........................................................... Transportation ticket and reservation agents ....... Receptionists ........................................................ Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... Order clerks .......................................................... Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .... Library clerks ........................................................ File clerks ............................................................. Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... Billing clerks .......................................................... Telephone operators ............................................ Mail clerks except postal service .......................... Dispatchers ........................................................... Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... Stock and inventory clerks .................................... Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, N.E.C. .................................................. Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators .. Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... Eligibility clerks, social welfare ............................. Bill and account collectors .................................... General office clerks ............................................. Data entry keyers ................................................. Teachers’ aides .................................................... Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Mean weekly hours4 Median Mean annual hours Mean Mean 40.6 40.6 40.3 40.0 41.6 $975 1,225 802 706 1,191 $821 1,131 766 688 988 2,113 2,109 2,085 2,080 2,161 $50,701 63,677 41,518 36,734 61,937 $42,666 58,760 39,644 35,755 51,376 39.3 40.0 784 981 749 1,019 2,042 2,080 40,748 51,019 38,938 52,998 40.0 39.8 40.6 42.4 38.6 40.0 661 821 712 1,033 841 942 662 769 559 808 738 771 2,080 2,024 2,114 2,205 2,010 2,080 34,360 41,767 37,016 53,697 43,733 48,994 34,424 39,811 29,058 42,003 38,384 40,102 42.3 40.6 40.0 39.8 39.3 41.2 39.5 39.5 823 606 399 410 388 480 491 666 731 502 360 315 341 429 467 649 2,197 2,111 2,080 2,071 2,046 2,144 2,039 2,054 42,815 31,504 20,741 21,328 20,189 24,946 25,342 34,609 38,002 26,104 18,720 16,390 17,738 22,298 24,003 33,755 40.5 39.9 39.4 39.3 40.0 40.0 39.9 39.7 39.6 40.0 37.5 39.8 39.5 39.2 39.8 38.0 39.6 40.0 39.7 39.5 662 507 556 551 281 580 372 469 527 494 397 409 447 453 449 486 330 494 386 531 604 470 541 544 260 636 346 428 509 443 376 423 420 436 446 591 300 430 400 535 2,105 2,073 2,048 2,041 2,080 2,080 2,076 2,062 2,059 2,080 1,952 2,068 2,053 2,034 2,071 1,977 2,060 2,080 2,065 2,056 34,429 26,343 28,915 28,631 14,621 30,164 19,362 24,376 27,429 25,689 20,641 21,256 23,241 23,543 23,339 25,287 17,162 25,681 20,063 27,586 31,429 24,440 28,122 28,288 13,520 33,093 17,992 22,256 26,481 23,046 19,539 22,006 21,840 22,568 23,171 30,713 15,600 22,360 20,800 27,810 40.0 40.9 39.5 40.0 40.4 39.5 39.6 36.1 39.8 514 529 489 496 444 460 355 390 455 627 506 486 477 450 446 343 402 428 2,080 2,128 2,055 2,080 2,101 2,051 2,057 1,414 2,067 26,735 27,505 25,427 25,773 23,114 23,906 18,473 15,273 23,675 32,594 26,296 25,293 24,794 23,400 23,171 17,846 16,120 22,277 40.1 40.3 48.7 40.0 40.2 570 687 913 640 584 550 654 880 626 582 2,057 2,072 2,532 2,059 2,091 29,302 35,369 47,439 32,922 30,378 28,288 33,738 45,760 32,552 30,264 See footnotes at end of table. 18 Weekly earnings Annual earnings Median Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Occupation3 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Precision production, craft, and repair occupations (-Continued) Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics ...................................................... Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers ......................................................... Carpenters ............................................................ Electricians ........................................................... Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Machinists ............................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Printing press operators ....................................... Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators Packaging and filling machine operators .............. Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Assemblers ........................................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Truck drivers ......................................................... Driver-sales workers ............................................. Bus drivers ............................................................ Supervisors, material moving equipment ............. Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. .............................................. Helpers, construction trades ................................. Construction laborers ........................................... Production helpers ................................................ Stock handlers and baggers ................................. Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............ Hand packers and packagers ............................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Service occupations ........................................................... Protective service occupations ................................. Supervisors, guards .............................................. Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ............................................................ Correctional institution officers ............................. Guards and police except public service .............. Protective service occupations, N.E.C. ................ Food service occupations ......................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Cooks ................................................................... Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Health service occupations ....................................... Health aides, except nursing ................................ Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Cleaning and building service occupations .............. Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers Maids and housemen ........................................... Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Personal service occupations ................................... Mean weekly hours4 Mean Median Mean annual hours 40.0 40.0 $602 671 $564 696 2,080 2,080 $31,311 34,915 $29,307 36,171 39.3 39.4 40.0 40.0 40.8 40.0 39.8 38.3 39.9 39.6 39.9 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.0 43.9 37.0 40.0 40.0 39.8 39.4 954 595 692 549 980 707 482 620 322 627 435 484 348 568 536 557 465 763 559 434 364 934 589 612 586 961 728 436 565 310 724 446 423 344 565 543 561 439 714 522 390 312 2,043 2,049 2,080 2,080 2,122 2,080 2,068 1,991 2,073 2,061 2,074 2,080 2,080 2,034 2,044 2,282 1,605 2,080 2,080 2,046 2,048 49,612 30,944 36,001 28,529 50,981 36,779 25,070 32,252 16,743 32,624 22,607 25,162 18,101 28,794 27,374 28,953 20,152 39,692 29,091 22,294 18,949 48,568 30,607 31,824 30,451 49,982 37,835 22,693 29,387 16,120 37,669 23,213 22,006 17,909 28,226 27,664 29,182 18,833 37,107 27,144 20,197 16,224 42.9 37.7 40.0 39.7 39.7 39.8 40.0 39.6 39.8 702 359 360 375 436 492 433 431 362 760 340 366 360 423 446 360 379 290 2,232 1,961 2,037 2,063 2,027 2,072 2,080 2,060 2,000 36,511 18,689 18,348 19,489 22,262 25,565 22,497 22,400 18,153 39,499 17,680 19,032 18,720 20,987 23,192 18,720 19,718 14,605 39.4 40.8 40.4 45.3 40.5 415 645 853 735 706 360 628 842 726 708 2,030 2,114 2,099 2,357 2,107 21,401 33,403 44,358 38,196 36,718 18,387 32,635 43,763 37,740 36,792 38.6 40.1 39.4 40.0 39.4 609 583 346 739 306 481 593 330 694 294 2,008 2,083 2,001 2,080 2,029 31,658 30,341 17,577 38,454 15,759 25,002 30,846 16,453 36,088 15,288 41.3 38.3 38.5 40.0 40.4 40.0 39.6 39.1 39.0 39.1 39.6 40.0 39.0 39.8 35.4 504 172 354 285 333 265 304 363 404 350 336 459 317 330 382 505 100 340 240 327 252 288 360 414 351 312 440 298 300 380 2,147 1,992 1,971 2,080 2,088 2,080 2,018 2,029 2,017 2,031 2,058 2,080 2,029 2,068 1,731 26,218 8,939 18,147 14,802 17,232 13,755 15,470 18,841 20,888 18,200 17,463 23,855 16,476 17,164 18,699 26,250 5,179 17,680 12,480 16,827 13,083 14,976 18,720 21,507 18,233 16,182 22,880 15,506 15,600 17,615 See footnotes at end of table. 19 Weekly earnings Annual earnings Mean Median Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All industries Occupation3 Service occupations (-Continued) Personal service occupations (-Continued) Public transportation attendants ........................... Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................... Child care workers, N.E.C. ................................... Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................ Mean weekly hours4 25.0 38.0 38.7 37.8 1 Earnings are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where Weekly earnings Mean Median Mean annual hours $508 377 336 344 $474 396 337 346 1,233 1,493 1,945 1,904 Annual earnings Mean $25,046 14,794 16,894 17,323 Median $23,588 16,472 17,118 16,902 a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 20 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 All workers 4 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ $16.57 16.69 $16.20 16.33 $18.11 18.11 $17.44 17.43 $9.88 10.14 White-collar occupations ................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... 19.41 6.93 9.19 9.49 11.66 13.92 15.44 17.76 18.88 23.47 24.82 27.62 35.84 40.16 50.75 21.47 20.00 7.70 9.85 9.68 11.75 13.73 14.77 17.75 18.76 23.42 24.78 26.33 35.89 40.16 50.75 21.70 19.24 6.90 9.14 9.34 11.65 14.37 15.78 17.44 18.13 22.58 24.98 28.53 37.13 43.90 59.74 21.60 19.97 7.89 9.82 9.53 11.76 14.17 15.01 17.42 17.88 22.48 24.94 26.89 37.20 43.90 59.74 21.91 20.10 7.13 10.24 10.92 11.72 12.41 13.65 18.97 21.38 25.79 24.49 24.56 24.40 29.05 29.58 21.08 20.12 7.13 10.24 10.85 11.71 12.41 13.65 18.97 21.40 25.79 24.49 24.64 24.40 29.05 29.58 21.08 20.16 7.39 9.87 9.95 12.03 13.97 15.47 17.88 18.85 23.28 25.11 27.64 36.24 40.27 50.63 23.51 20.43 7.94 10.46 9.98 11.98 13.91 14.79 17.86 18.73 23.23 25.09 26.34 36.30 40.27 50.63 23.81 12.58 6.18 7.99 7.82 9.54 13.45 13.85 15.50 19.42 25.66 19.90 25.41 21.88 36.28 – 14.28 14.59 6.91 7.61 8.18 9.85 11.47 13.85 15.59 19.42 25.66 19.90 25.41 21.88 36.28 – 13.98 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Natural scientists ...................................................... 23.40 24.86 16.40 15.03 19.91 20.01 24.71 25.56 26.62 33.88 38.31 48.24 20.96 26.54 17.37 20.74 22.51 23.20 29.63 33.12 25.25 16.05 20.37 23.75 26.80 26.90 32.42 33.16 18.34 23.31 24.92 17.31 15.40 19.00 18.40 22.63 25.97 27.36 35.92 40.77 49.33 23.06 26.66 17.37 20.48 – 23.20 29.58 35.31 25.28 – 20.41 23.75 26.80 26.90 32.42 33.16 18.29 23.61 24.71 13.80 14.23 22.88 22.66 28.10 25.09 24.90 22.98 29.72 – 16.13 25.42 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 18.62 23.73 25.24 17.53 15.28 20.23 20.00 24.54 26.14 26.64 34.62 38.43 47.46 23.44 26.49 17.37 20.74 22.51 23.20 29.63 32.99 25.23 16.05 20.38 23.53 26.80 26.90 32.42 33.16 18.34 19.72 20.80 8.82 12.86 16.22 20.15 25.91 19.90 – 21.88 – – 15.42 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Occupational group3 and level See footnotes at end of table. 21 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers 4 Occupational group3 and level White-collar occupations (-Continued) Health related occupations ....................................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Teachers, college and university .............................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Teachers, except college and university .................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Level 6 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Social, religious, and recreation workers .................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Lawyers and judges .................................................. Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Technical occupations .................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 22 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $23.12 17.69 15.34 18.21 21.35 23.51 23.76 23.20 51.38 45.77 17.15 28.31 25.17 20.78 31.56 25.80 11.54 26.02 24.16 28.06 26.46 27.38 20.25 14.01 18.59 25.64 24.93 14.56 18.46 12.71 11.98 43.42 38.06 45.10 $23.00 17.69 14.77 18.87 20.81 23.67 21.84 21.50 53.09 – – 33.69 – – – 20.00 12.52 15.24 19.04 22.71 – – 18.11 – – – 27.30 12.64 – 11.04 – 45.19 – 46.02 $23.71 – – 15.84 23.82 – 25.75 – – – – 25.63 22.00 16.66 28.95 26.47 – 27.53 24.79 28.83 26.41 27.84 22.28 14.01 18.82 – 19.31 15.52 18.34 14.87 – 30.05 – – $22.72 – 15.16 17.71 21.64 21.28 23.65 23.15 51.80 45.86 – 29.39 25.17 – 31.35 27.07 17.69 27.16 24.14 28.23 28.58 27.38 20.81 – 19.35 25.64 23.08 14.85 18.40 14.22 11.98 44.17 – 45.56 $24.41 – – 20.58 20.49 26.66 24.25 – – – – 17.87 – – – 14.08 – 13.10 – 23.52 – – 13.57 – – – – 13.12 – – – – – – 22.43 16.51 24.37 34.23 19.39 17.26 12.46 13.03 14.04 17.01 17.25 19.40 40.54 25.61 14.65 15.85 17.07 17.79 22.30 23.46 25.41 37.85 40.54 51.57 27.63 29.86 15.70 16.11 22.39 16.51 24.37 – 19.27 17.63 11.99 12.67 14.03 17.22 16.97 21.03 45.31 26.32 15.55 15.85 17.14 17.48 22.89 24.04 25.62 38.31 47.26 64.57 28.06 30.78 16.01 16.11 – – – – – 15.59 – 15.07 – – 17.98 – – 22.07 – – 16.87 21.48 17.53 – 24.47 – – – – 25.29 – – 22.67 16.52 24.59 34.23 20.17 17.49 12.75 12.93 14.04 17.12 17.26 19.34 40.54 25.71 15.12 15.95 17.20 17.79 22.29 23.46 25.40 37.85 40.46 51.57 27.84 29.98 16.06 16.52 17.61 – – – – 14.24 11.08 13.86 14.05 – 16.95 – – 17.88 – – – – – – – – – – – 22.29 – – Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers 4 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Management related occupations ............................ Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Sales occupations ............................................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... $17.79 19.27 23.05 29.43 26.69 37.99 40.10 51.57 30.30 19.80 13.23 15.75 16.76 17.08 21.46 20.15 35.80 14.99 5.89 7.98 8.85 11.40 16.01 21.03 18.16 20.07 25.19 39.17 12.07 7.70 9.85 9.72 11.71 12.64 14.56 15.10 19.09 20.70 12.17 $18.33 18.67 23.22 29.52 27.65 38.50 47.15 64.57 32.36 20.23 14.42 15.73 16.48 16.94 22.44 – 35.80 14.94 5.89 7.98 8.75 11.40 16.01 21.03 18.16 20.10 25.19 40.82 12.15 7.89 9.82 9.58 11.77 13.06 15.05 15.42 19.09 20.71 12.17 – – – – $24.47 – – – – 17.68 – – 17.38 19.12 17.34 – – 18.61 – – – – – – – – – – 11.72 7.13 10.24 10.85 11.48 11.56 12.98 13.78 – – – $17.79 19.27 23.02 29.43 26.70 37.99 40.00 51.57 30.99 19.91 13.79 15.75 16.94 17.08 21.49 20.15 35.80 17.51 6.05 7.56 9.84 12.20 14.66 21.03 18.52 20.07 25.19 39.17 12.43 7.94 10.46 10.01 11.93 12.57 14.52 15.13 19.11 20.70 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $8.68 5.77 8.23 7.30 9.16 – – – – – – 8.87 6.91 7.61 8.24 9.75 14.23 – – – – 8.14 Blue-collar occupations ......................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Level 1 .............................................................. 13.87 8.31 10.17 10.39 13.41 14.15 15.38 18.24 19.94 22.39 20.06 17.01 8.80 11.99 15.24 15.69 18.34 21.12 23.22 11.99 8.05 13.88 8.35 10.21 10.35 13.52 14.41 15.51 18.56 20.14 22.97 21.45 17.24 8.80 11.88 16.18 15.63 18.74 21.26 22.89 12.00 8.05 13.75 – 9.68 12.26 11.11 12.98 – 15.89 – – – 14.92 – – 11.49 – 15.85 – – – – 14.24 8.65 10.61 10.77 13.52 14.16 15.39 18.29 20.06 22.39 – 17.07 8.80 12.00 15.26 15.69 18.41 21.32 23.22 12.12 7.98 7.79 6.82 6.65 7.10 11.27 – – – – – – 11.51 – – – – – – – 7.86 – Occupational group3 and level See footnotes at end of table. 23 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers 4 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors (-Continued) Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... $8.40 10.92 12.43 12.09 14.65 18.05 13.56 5.97 9.95 9.20 14.41 14.39 15.16 10.46 8.39 10.02 10.84 12.41 13.26 16.02 $8.40 10.92 12.48 12.09 14.65 18.05 13.48 – 9.75 8.90 14.53 14.32 16.19 10.38 8.44 10.15 10.81 12.89 13.26 – – – – – – – $13.89 – – – – 14.51 – 11.38 – – – – – – $8.61 11.23 12.48 12.09 14.65 18.05 14.16 – 11.49 10.51 14.55 14.42 15.20 10.90 8.84 10.18 10.95 12.79 13.26 – – – – – – – $7.77 – – – 12.12 – – 7.22 6.75 7.35 9.41 – – – Service occupations ........................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Protective service occupations ............................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Food service occupations ........................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Health service occupations ..................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Cleaning and building service occupations ............ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Personal service occupations ................................. Level 1 .............................................................. 9.60 6.57 7.59 8.20 9.86 11.92 12.27 16.97 15.46 19.57 11.27 15.10 10.02 7.57 11.82 13.39 13.86 17.12 16.36 19.70 7.11 6.10 6.38 6.95 6.52 12.28 8.95 7.40 8.15 10.02 8.75 8.77 7.99 6.75 8.16 10.19 9.28 11.54 9.21 6.30 7.86 6.38 7.36 7.79 9.14 10.12 11.29 – 14.77 – – 9.60 10.03 7.31 – 9.32 – – – – 7.01 6.08 5.90 6.92 6.05 12.28 8.61 7.40 8.14 9.30 8.72 8.67 7.60 6.56 7.83 9.92 9.87 11.49 9.15 5.89 14.55 8.87 9.48 10.07 12.10 14.41 14.08 17.06 16.36 19.70 13.19 17.26 – – 14.98 14.53 14.23 17.12 16.36 19.70 9.35 – 9.63 – – – 11.28 – – 10.97 – – 10.08 8.67 10.01 10.84 – – 9.40 – 10.54 6.95 7.91 9.22 10.28 12.25 12.34 17.01 15.46 19.66 – 15.80 10.03 7.91 13.45 13.39 14.06 17.12 16.36 19.70 7.77 6.33 6.58 8.02 6.68 12.28 9.29 – 8.39 10.30 8.99 9.07 8.49 7.22 7.96 10.48 9.42 11.93 10.80 6.51 6.48 5.69 6.87 5.93 8.25 8.15 – – – – 6.79 8.60 – 7.15 – – – – – – 5.57 5.48 6.07 5.45 – – 7.76 – 6.75 8.02 8.08 – 6.17 5.65 9.22 – – – 6.92 6.09 Occupational group3 and level See footnotes at end of table. 24 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers 4 Occupational group3 and level Service occupations (-Continued) Personal service occupations (-Continued) Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $6.77 7.61 12.82 13.57 10.01 $6.56 7.00 13.31 13.31 – $8.04 8.16 – – – $7.81 9.40 13.56 13.60 – $6.36 5.84 7.79 – – 4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means not elsewhere classified. IN THIS SURVEY, THE NONRESPONSE RATE FOR PRIVATE INDUSTRY EXCEEDED REGULAR SURVEY STANDARDS FOR PUBLICATION. ACCORDINGLY, USERS SHOULD INTERPRET THESE RESULTS WITH THIS LIMITATION IN MIND. 25 Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: Professional specialty and technical occupations: Professional specialty occupations: Civil engineers ...................................................... Electrical and electronic engineers ....................... Level 12 ............................................................ Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Operations and systems researchers and analysts .......................................................... Physicians ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Pharmacists .......................................................... Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Speech therapists ................................................. Therapists, N.E.C. ................................................ Level 7 .............................................................. Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ......................... Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Substitute teachers ............................................... Vocational and educational counselors ................ Level 9 .............................................................. Librarians .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Economists ........................................................... Psychologists ........................................................ Social workers ...................................................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Recreation workers ............................................... Lawyers ................................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Designers ............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 26 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $24.61 27.64 34.37 28.78 23.11 25.70 20.64 23.56 27.51 27.29 33.27 – $27.47 34.37 29.24 23.11 25.73 20.67 23.56 27.51 27.29 33.27 – – – – – – – – – – – $24.61 27.64 34.37 28.62 23.11 25.70 20.64 23.54 27.51 27.29 33.27 – – – – – – – – – – – 21.50 35.23 21.90 54.52 51.51 21.27 17.88 15.04 19.19 20.11 23.32 23.68 22.96 26.85 17.78 29.00 30.20 18.84 16.58 32.55 22.33 26.92 25.31 27.34 28.41 29.93 23.32 29.25 26.57 19.76 27.85 23.77 24.58 28.10 10.35 26.07 29.22 20.20 14.01 18.59 25.64 26.75 22.30 14.53 18.46 11.62 15.14 43.91 45.10 16.21 21.52 34.23 17.80 57.34 – 21.22 17.88 – 19.26 20.10 23.60 – 22.91 26.85 17.78 24.71 – 19.45 – 33.56 – 21.94 – 21.87 24.20 – – 24.63 19.77 – – – – – – – – 17.99 – – – 27.99 24.77 12.84 – 11.04 – 45.19 46.02 – – $39.97 – – – 21.82 – – – – – – – – – – – 18.03 – 29.62 23.20 27.37 25.49 28.02 28.89 29.93 23.07 30.17 28.36 – 29.06 25.01 – 29.10 – 27.95 29.22 22.28 14.01 18.82 – – – 15.55 18.34 – 15.41 32.64 – – 21.14 34.90 21.90 54.61 – 20.07 – 14.96 18.77 20.44 20.89 – 22.76 – – – – 17.92 15.90 32.87 21.63 27.06 25.39 27.54 28.51 29.93 23.01 29.46 26.61 19.76 28.03 26.38 – 28.10 – 26.23 29.22 20.77 – 19.35 25.64 23.52 22.62 14.83 18.40 13.13 – 44.63 45.56 16.21 – $47.07 – – – 24.03 – – 20.32 19.24 – – – – – – – 23.05 – – – – – – 25.43 – – – – – – 13.80 – – 10.35 – – 13.57 – – – – – – – – – – – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: (-Continued) Professional specialty and technical occupations: (-Continued) Professional specialty occupations: (-Continued) Editors and reporters ............................................ Public relations specialists .................................... Technical occupations: Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Health record technologists and technicians ........ Radiological technicians ....................................... Level 6 .............................................................. Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Level 8 .............................................................. Drafters ................................................................. Airplane pilots and navigators .............................. Computer programmers ....................................... Legal assistants .................................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations: Administrators and officials, public administration Financial managers .............................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Personnel and labor relations managers .............. Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Level 12 ............................................................ Administrators, education and related fields ......... Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Managers, medicine and health ........................... Level 11 ............................................................ Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments ................................................ Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ............. Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Accountants and auditors ..................................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Management analysts .......................................... See footnotes at end of table. 27 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $27.80 23.97 $27.80 23.97 – – $28.09 24.24 – – 14.82 11.87 13.30 15.84 17.43 10.05 16.61 16.17 14.13 14.21 14.01 13.72 14.73 10.82 14.52 13.64 17.21 19.56 13.41 55.21 18.88 16.69 16.15 14.77 11.89 13.17 15.87 17.39 – 16.61 16.17 14.28 14.21 14.15 13.68 13.79 10.82 12.66 13.64 16.49 – – 55.21 18.88 – 16.84 – – – – – – – – $13.60 – – – 17.61 – – – – – – – – – – 14.74 11.65 13.21 15.75 16.93 – 16.61 – 13.78 – 13.76 13.66 15.32 11.30 15.06 13.80 17.21 19.56 13.41 55.21 18.88 16.69 16.12 $15.72 – – – – – 16.62 – 15.12 – – – 11.79 – – – – – – – – – – 24.07 38.86 22.91 29.52 38.86 79.68 23.91 – 38.86 22.91 29.52 38.86 79.68 21.37 23.06 – – – – – – 24.10 38.86 22.91 29.52 38.86 79.68 23.91 – – – – – – – 35.01 39.37 27.80 24.69 25.91 30.39 28.46 24.14 35.01 39.37 28.35 – 21.65 32.29 28.44 24.14 – – 27.51 – 26.82 – – – 35.01 39.37 28.17 24.69 25.91 30.39 28.41 24.42 – – – – – – – – 16.16 24.00 30.06 18.20 19.83 25.26 26.62 28.57 38.53 56.75 17.66 12.56 15.57 17.83 22.00 28.66 16.16 25.30 30.09 18.20 19.93 25.26 26.62 28.41 38.65 56.75 17.95 – – 17.83 21.65 28.66 – – 28.83 – – – – 30.24 – – 16.49 – – – – – 16.16 24.00 30.19 18.20 19.83 25.26 26.62 28.59 38.53 56.75 17.66 12.56 15.57 17.83 22.00 28.66 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations: (-Continued) Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... Level 9 .............................................................. Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction .................................................... Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Sales occupations: Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ Level 4 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Advertising and related sales occupations ........... Sales occupations, other business services ......... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. Sales workers, apparel ......................................... Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ... Sales workers, other commodities ........................ Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Sales counter clerks ............................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Cashiers ............................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ....................... Administrative support occupations, including clerical: Supervisors, general office ................................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ............................................... Computer operators .............................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Secretaries ........................................................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Typists .................................................................. Interviewers .......................................................... Hotel clerks ........................................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Transportation ticket and reservation agents ....... Receptionists ........................................................ Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... Order clerks .......................................................... Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .... See footnotes at end of table. 28 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $19.93 21.63 24.53 $20.68 24.53 24.76 – – – $19.95 21.78 24.53 – – – 16.52 20.09 16.00 18.06 20.47 – 20.56 12.41 18.06 22.36 – $19.17 – – – 16.52 20.64 16.50 18.06 20.47 – – – – – 23.99 8.29 16.38 26.09 33.55 20.94 23.11 24.04 8.29 16.21 26.09 33.55 20.94 23.11 – – – – – – – 24.35 – 16.38 26.09 33.55 21.76 23.56 – – – – – – – 19.48 14.34 9.41 8.97 7.76 – 10.00 13.67 9.04 6.35 8.42 8.58 11.70 19.48 14.34 9.41 8.97 7.76 – 9.89 – 8.99 6.35 8.42 8.23 11.69 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 19.48 14.92 9.97 10.30 8.41 14.20 – – 9.87 – – 9.14 11.63 – $13.24 – 6.60 6.83 – – – 8.49 5.90 8.67 7.49 – 16.84 14.15 19.66 16.57 14.86 20.22 16.36 13.56 – – – – 19.02 – – – – – 16.85 14.17 19.66 16.57 14.86 20.22 – – – – – – 16.17 12.71 12.44 13.94 10.74 10.52 12.86 12.94 17.06 15.72 13.67 9.97 7.02 6.99 – 9.06 9.30 8.66 10.14 11.39 13.32 12.35 16.17 12.87 12.44 14.36 10.62 10.57 12.90 13.84 17.86 15.95 14.04 9.97 7.02 6.99 – 9.07 9.31 8.72 10.22 11.39 13.32 12.35 – – – 12.41 – – 12.64 11.78 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 16.35 12.71 12.44 14.12 11.10 10.62 13.05 12.92 17.06 15.73 14.03 – 7.03 – 14.50 9.33 10.21 8.64 – 11.82 13.32 12.35 – – – 10.84 – – 11.01 – – – 11.50 – – – – 8.36 7.96 – – – – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical: (-Continued) Library clerks ........................................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. File clerks ............................................................. Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Billing clerks .......................................................... Level 4 .............................................................. Telephone operators ............................................ Mail clerks except postal service .......................... Dispatchers ........................................................... Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... Stock and inventory clerks .................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, N.E.C. .................................................. Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators .. Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Eligibility clerks, social welfare ............................. Bill and account collectors .................................... General office clerks ............................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Data entry keyers ................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Statistical clerks .................................................... Teachers’ aides .................................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Blue-collar occupations: Precision production, craft, and repair occupations: Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics ...................................................... Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Level 7 .............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 29 All industries Private industry $9.12 5.87 9.15 10.74 10.15 11.32 10.11 11.48 11.19 9.49 10.21 11.57 11.21 11.69 12.28 7.77 12.08 9.66 12.79 8.70 13.08 – – – – $10.15 11.66 10.09 12.52 11.22 9.49 10.21 11.62 11.21 11.69 12.28 7.77 12.31 9.66 12.62 8.70 – 11.92 12.93 12.34 12.25 11.47 12.08 11.01 11.06 10.23 9.02 11.87 11.98 14.88 8.78 9.08 9.87 12.16 10.83 10.83 10.77 11.12 8.98 11.18 10.59 13.43 21.75 15.58 23.87 11.96 12.93 12.34 12.25 11.47 – 10.89 10.51 10.20 8.27 11.58 12.80 – 9.30 8.82 – 12.16 9.09 – – 11.24 9.03 10.95 – 15.29 21.38 15.58 23.87 18.74 15.99 14.82 14.66 17.40 – – 15.00 14.66 – 15.05 16.79 20.54 14.47 17.67 20.90 All industries State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $9.22 5.87 9.52 10.74 – 10.60 – 10.23 11.06 – – 11.44 – – – – – – – – – $10.58 – – – 10.28 11.32 10.21 11.52 11.57 – 10.21 12.20 11.27 11.69 12.79 8.33 12.35 9.72 13.42 – – $7.73 5.87 – – – – – – 8.85 – – 9.59 – – – – – – 7.25 – – – – – – – 12.22 – 12.74 – – 12.67 – – – – – – 11.29 11.95 10.88 10.79 – – – – – – – 12.85 12.93 12.37 12.25 11.47 12.39 11.00 11.66 – 9.58 11.89 11.98 14.88 8.98 9.42 – – 10.80 10.83 10.91 11.45 9.14 11.61 10.59 13.14 21.86 – 24.51 – – – – – – – 7.18 6.50 – – – – 7.35 – – – – – – 8.73 – – – – – – – – – – – – 18.74 15.99 14.53 14.66 – – – – – – – – – 15.05 16.79 20.54 – – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level Blue-collar occupations: (-Continued) Precision production, craft, and repair occupations: (-Continued) Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers ......................................................... Carpenters ............................................................ Level 7 .............................................................. Electricians ........................................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Painters, construction and maintenance .............. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Machinists ............................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors: Printing press operators ....................................... Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators Level 1 .............................................................. Packaging and filling machine operators .............. Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Assemblers ........................................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Transportation and material moving occupations: Truck drivers ......................................................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Driver-sales workers ............................................. Bus drivers ............................................................ Level 5 .............................................................. Supervisors, material moving equipment ............. Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers: Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. .............................................. Helpers, construction trades ................................. Construction laborers ........................................... Production helpers ................................................ Stock handlers and baggers ................................. Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............ Hand packers and packagers ............................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Service occupations: Protective service occupations: Supervisors, guards .............................................. Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Level 7 .............................................................. Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ............................................................ Correctional institution officers ............................. See footnotes at end of table. 30 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $24.29 15.10 16.87 17.31 15.66 13.31 13.72 24.02 17.68 $24.03 15.09 17.03 17.62 15.62 – 15.44 24.12 17.68 – – – – – – – – – $24.29 15.10 16.87 17.31 15.66 – 13.72 24.02 17.68 – – – – – – – – – 16.03 8.16 7.84 15.83 10.64 12.10 8.70 16.20 8.16 7.84 15.83 10.64 12.10 8.70 – – – – – – – 16.20 8.08 7.64 15.83 10.90 12.10 8.70 – – – – – – – 12.86 11.51 8.58 13.54 13.75 12.25 12.19 14.62 19.08 13.99 12.81 11.51 8.37 13.54 13.68 12.25 – – – 13.99 – – – – – – $13.21 14.62 – – 13.39 11.51 10.48 13.54 13.75 12.69 12.56 – 19.08 13.99 8.70 8.22 – 9.25 16.36 9.53 9.01 9.07 10.08 8.51 9.46 11.56 12.68 11.37 8.66 11.69 12.58 10.35 10.45 9.02 6.22 11.26 9.26 – 9.53 8.90 9.07 10.12 8.51 – 11.56 – 11.37 8.66 11.69 12.58 10.35 10.45 9.22 6.01 11.26 9.03 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 16.36 9.53 9.01 9.44 10.98 9.68 – – 12.68 12.34 – – 12.58 10.82 10.87 9.08 6.23 11.26 9.37 – – – – 7.46 6.59 – – – 7.39 7.42 – – – – 7.99 – – – $7.62 – – – – – 11.07 – – – – 21.14 16.06 17.37 17.57 – – – – – 16.06 17.37 17.57 21.14 16.21 17.43 17.57 – – – – 15.81 14.57 – – 15.81 14.57 15.77 14.57 – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level Service occupations: (-Continued) Protective service occupations: (-Continued) Correctional institution officers (-Continued) Level 5 .............................................................. Guards and police except public service .............. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Protective service occupations, N.E.C. ................ Food service occupations: Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Bartenders ............................................................ Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Cooks ................................................................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Level 3 .............................................................. Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Level 1 .............................................................. Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. See footnotes at end of table. 31 All industries State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers – $8.68 10.03 7.40 8.83 – $14.37 – – – – – $14.37 8.78 10.04 7.75 9.16 18.49 – $8.90 – 7.57 – – 12.11 5.91 4.07 4.30 3.98 3.80 8.61 7.28 8.77 – 6.20 8.30 9.45 6.54 6.29 7.30 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 9.58 12.21 – 4.49 4.19 – 5.94 9.21 7.52 9.33 – 7.12 8.25 9.63 6.61 6.61 7.67 – – 3.56 4.73 4.64 2.90 7.41 – – – 5.58 8.70 9.20 6.33 5.14 6.31 All industries Private industry $14.37 8.82 10.03 7.68 9.16 15.85 12.11 5.91 4.07 4.30 3.98 3.80 8.72 7.38 8.75 9.67 6.24 8.41 9.45 6.54 6.29 7.46 Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level Service occupations: (-Continued) Food service occupations: (-Continued) Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. (-Continued) Level 1 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Health service occupations: Health aides, except nursing ................................ Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Cleaning and building service occupations: Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers Level 5 .............................................................. Maids and housemen ........................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Personal service occupations: Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities .. Public transportation attendants ........................... Baggage porters and bellhops .............................. Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................... Child care workers, N.E.C. ................................... Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. All industries Private industry $7.34 7.18 $7.33 7.11 9.80 10.92 10.17 8.70 7.51 7.82 9.66 8.46 9.07 All industries State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers – – $7.59 7.32 $6.28 – 9.18 – 10.17 8.47 7.52 7.81 9.40 8.41 9.07 – – – $10.94 – – – – – 10.36 – 10.16 8.96 – 7.90 9.85 8.66 – 7.55 – – 7.80 – – – 7.96 – 10.82 11.47 8.13 7.42 7.67 6.47 8.09 10.29 10.04 11.38 8.10 7.42 7.13 6.15 7.68 9.95 – – – – 9.69 8.67 10.01 10.83 11.47 11.98 8.12 7.39 8.30 7.11 7.81 10.70 – – – – 6.05 5.58 10.07 – 6.26 18.05 5.06 7.77 7.79 8.73 7.18 6.79 6.84 9.93 5.91 – 5.06 – 7.38 8.59 7.16 6.91 6.79 – – – – 8.15 – 9.87 – – – – – 20.31 – 9.91 8.69 9.10 7.44 – – – 5.94 – – – 6.48 7.92 – – – – 4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means not elsewhere classified. IN THIS SURVEY, THE NONRESPONSE RATE FOR PRIVATE INDUSTRY EXCEEDED REGULAR SURVEY STANDARDS FOR PUBLICATION. ACCORDINGLY, USERS SHOULD INTERPRET THESE RESULTS WITH THIS LIMITATION IN MIND. 32 Table C-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and selected characteristics, all industries, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 Occupational group2 Full-time workers3 Part-time workers3 Union4 Nonunion4 Time5 Incentive5 All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ $17.44 17.43 $9.88 10.14 $17.79 18.03 $16.29 16.38 $16.49 16.75 $18.39 13.12 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar excluding sales ............................................. 20.16 20.43 12.58 14.59 21.97 23.17 19.08 19.59 19.34 20.02 21.30 12.48 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Technical occupations .................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Sales occupations ............................................................ Administrative support including clerical occupations ...... 23.73 25.24 17.49 25.71 17.51 12.43 19.72 20.80 14.24 17.88 8.68 8.87 27.49 27.61 26.81 23.94 12.48 14.53 22.63 24.31 15.96 25.68 15.29 11.79 23.40 24.87 17.26 25.61 11.85 12.09 – – – – 21.84 – Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... 14.24 17.07 12.12 14.16 10.90 7.79 11.51 7.86 7.77 7.22 16.45 19.06 14.24 15.23 13.48 12.26 15.36 10.49 12.53 9.30 13.89 17.02 12.20 13.45 10.43 13.60 16.79 10.93 14.58 – Service occupations ........................................................... 10.54 6.48 12.87 8.65 9.60 8.86 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 5 Time workers’ wages are based solely on an hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 33 Table C-2. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers2, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 Goods-producing industries4 Occupational group3 All private industries Total Mining Construction All occupations ........................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ................................................ $16.20 16.33 White-collar occupations ....................................................... White-collar excluding sales ................................................. 19.24 19.97 21.15 21.01 – – 20.31 18.95 Professional specialty and technical occupations ................ Professional specialty occupations ................................... Technical occupations ...................................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ....... Sales occupations ................................................................ Administrative support, including clerical occupations ......... 23.31 24.92 17.63 26.32 14.94 12.15 23.61 25.48 18.02 26.58 22.46 12.46 – – – – – – Blue-collar occupations ......................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .............. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .................. Transportation and material moving occupations ................. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......... 13.88 17.24 12.00 13.48 10.38 14.56 17.32 12.53 13.45 11.17 Service occupations ............................................................... 7.86 11.63 Manufacturing $17.15 $24.20 $16.85 $17.27 16.95 21.19 16.49 17.14 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine Service-producing industries5 Total TransWholeportsale ation and and retail public trade utilities Finance, insurance, and real estate Services – – – – $12.20 11.99 – – – – 21.26 21.27 – – – – 14.18 17.18 – – – – – – – 23.80 24.26 12.70 23.73 25.68 18.03 27.41 21.12 12.42 – – – – – – – – – – – – 26.35 28.05 – 22.05 12.63 11.15 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 16.15 17.56 – – 8.99 13.35 16.53 12.53 13.32 12.39 – – – – – – – – – – 13.07 16.48 11.89 13.96 10.18 – – – – – – – – – – – – 12.03 – – 7.00 – – major occupational groups. 4 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing. 5 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means not elsewhere classified. IN THIS SURVEY, THE NONRESPONSE RATE FOR PRIVATE INDUSTRY EXCEEDED REGULAR SURVEY STANDARDS FOR PUBLICATION. ACCORDINGLY, USERS SHOULD INTERPRET THESE RESULTS WITH THIS LIMITATION IN MIND. 34 Table C-3. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and establishment employment size, private industry, all workers2, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 100 workers or more All private industry workers 50 - 99 workers All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ $16.20 16.33 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar excluding sales ............................................. Occupational group3 Total 100 - 499 workers 500 workers or more $14.02 13.80 $16.73 16.89 $14.91 14.91 $18.75 18.88 19.24 19.97 17.79 18.74 19.54 20.18 18.37 19.28 20.57 20.83 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Technical occupations .................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Sales occupations ............................................................ Administrative support, including clerical occupations ..... 23.31 24.92 17.63 26.32 14.94 12.15 23.40 26.43 14.13 24.42 15.27 11.32 23.30 24.76 18.07 26.78 14.78 12.31 23.99 25.95 15.86 25.88 14.92 12.00 22.96 24.15 18.99 27.51 14.09 12.64 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... 13.88 17.24 12.00 13.48 10.38 11.43 14.50 11.09 10.27 7.67 14.66 18.17 12.24 14.47 11.27 12.74 16.08 10.23 12.75 10.82 17.35 20.16 15.55 17.10 12.27 Service occupations ........................................................... 7.86 6.78 8.17 7.71 9.12 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means not elsewhere classified. IN THIS SURVEY, THE NONRESPONSE RATE FOR PRIVATE INDUSTRY EXCEEDED REGULAR SURVEY STANDARDS FOR PUBLICATION. ACCORDINGLY, USERS SHOULD INTERPRET THESE RESULTS WITH THIS LIMITATION IN MIND. 35 Table C-4. Number of workers1 represented by occupational group, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 All workers Occupational group2 All industries Private industry State and local government All occupations ....................................................................... 1,876,299 All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 1,726,215 1,494,351 1,346,339 381,949 379,876 White-collar occupations ................................................... 1,174,863 White-collar excluding sales ............................................. 1,024,779 913,429 765,417 261,434 259,362 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Technical occupations .................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Sales occupations ............................................................ Administrative support including clerical occupations ...... 480,612 395,643 84,969 199,673 150,084 344,494 318,854 248,158 70,696 165,171 148,012 281,392 161,759 147,485 14,273 34,502 – 63,102 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... 331,666 121,091 51,413 75,090 84,072 298,636 109,146 51,013 61,076 77,400 33,030 11,945 – 14,014 6,671 Service occupations ........................................................... 369,770 282,286 87,484 1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means not elsewhere classified. IN THIS SURVEY, THE NONRESPONSE RATE FOR PRIVATE INDUSTRY EXCEEDED REGULAR SURVEY STANDARDS FOR PUBLICATION. ACCORDINGLY, USERS SHOULD INTERPRET THESE RESULTS WITH THIS LIMITATION IN MIND. 36 Appendix A: Technical Note private sector, sampling frames were developed using the most recent month of reference available at the time the sample was selected. The reference month for the private sector is December 1994. The sampling frame was reviewed prior to the survey and, when necessary, missing establishments were added, out-of-business and out-ofscope establishments were removed, and addresses, employment levels, industry classification, and other information were updated. This section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data contained in this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for the survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing the data. While this section answers some questions commonly asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive description of all the steps required to produce the data. Planning for the survey Sample design The sample for this survey area was selected using a two stage stratified design with probability proportional to employment sampling at each stage. The first stage of sample selection was a probability sample of establishments. The sample of establishments was drawn by first stratifying the sampling frame by industry and ownership. The number of sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the stratum employment. Each sampled establishment is selected within a stratum with a probability proportional to its employment. Use of this technique means that the larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of selection. Weights were applied to each establishment when the data were tabulated so that it represents similar units (by industry and employment size) in the economy which were not selected for collection. See appendix table 1 for a count of establishments in the survey by employment size. The second stage of sample selection, detailed below, was a probability sample of occupations within a sampled establishment. The overall design of the survey, which was based on the type of data to be produced, had to be developed before data collection could begin. Survey scope This survey of the Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VAWV, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area covered establishments employing 50 workers or more in goodsproducing industries (mining, construction and manufacturing); service-producing industries (transportation, communications, electric, gas, and sanitary services; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services industries); and State and local governments. Agriculture, private households, and the Federal Government were excluded from the scope of the survey. For purposes of this survey an establishment was an economic unit which produces goods or services, a central administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing support services to a company. For private industries in this survey, the establishment was usually at a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment was defined as all locations of a government entity. The Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, CMSA includes the District of Columbia; Baltimore City and the counties of Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Carroll, Charles, Frederick, Harford, Howard, Montgomery, Prince George’s, Queen Anne’s and Washington, MD; the cities of Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Fredericksburg, Manassas, and Manassas Park, and the counties of Arlington, Clarke, Culpeper, Fairfax, Fauquier, King George, Loudoun, Prince William, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Warren, VA; and the counties of Berkeley and Jefferson, WV. Data collection The collection of data from survey respondents required detailed procedures. Collection was the responsibility of the field economists, working out of the Regional Office, who visited each establishment surveyed. Occupational selection and classification Identification of the occupations for which wage data were to be collected was a multi-step process: Sampling frame The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from the State unemployment insurance reports for the WashingtonBaltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area. The reference month for the public sector is June 1994. Due to the volatility of industries within the 1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs. 2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the Census of Population system. 3. Characterization of jobs as full-time v. part-time, union v. nonunion, and time v. incentive. 4. Determination of the level of work of each job. 37 In step three, certain other job characteristics of the chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was identified as holding either a full-time or part-time job, based on the establishment’s definition of those terms. Then the worker was classified as having a time versus incentive job, depending on whether any part of pay was directly based on the actual production of the worker, rather than solely on hours worked. Finally, the worker was identified as being in a union job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition of Terms” section on the following page for more detail. For each occupation, wage data were collected for those workers who met all the criteria identified in the last three steps. Special procedures were developed for jobs for which a correct classification or level could not be determined. In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each establishment by the BLS field economist during a personal visit. A complete list of employees was used for sampling, with each selected worker representing a job within the establishment. As with the selection of establishments, the selection of a job was based on probability proportional to its size in the establishment. The greater the number of people working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance of selection. The number of jobs collected in each establishment was based on an establishment’s employment size as shown in the following schedule: Number of employees 50-99 100-249 250-999 1000-2,499 2,500+ Generic leveling through point factor analysis In the last step before wage data were collected, the work level of each selected job was determined using a “generic leveling” process. Generic leveling ranks and compares all occupations randomly selected in an establishment using the same criteria. This is a major departure from the method used in the past in the Bureau’s Occupational Compensation Surveys which studied specifically defined occupations with leveling definitions unique to each occupation. For this survey, the level of each occupation in an establishment was determined by an analysis of each of 10 leveling factors. Nine of these factors are drawn from the U.S. Government Office of Personnel Management’s Factor Evaluation System, which is the underlying structure for evaluation of General Schedule Federal employees. The tenth factor, supervisory duties, attempts to account for the effect of supervisory duties. It is considered experimental. The 10 factors are: Number of selected jobs 8 10 12 16 20 The second step of the process entailed classifying the selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. The National Compensation Survey occupational classification system is based on the 1990 Census of Population. A selected job may fall into any one of about 480 occupational classifications, from accountant to wood lathe operator. In cases where a job’s duties overlapped two or more census classification codes, the duties used to set the wage level were used to classify the job. Classification by primary duties was the fallback. Each occupational classification is an element of a broader classification known as a major occupational group (MOG). Occupations can fall into any of the following MOG’s: · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Professional specialty and technical Executive, administrative, and managerial Sales Administrative support including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Service occupations Knowledge Supervision received Guidelines Complexity Scope and effect Personal contacts Purpose of contacts Physical demands Work environment Supervisory duties Each factor contains a number of levels and each level has an associated written description and point value. The number and range of points differ among the factors. For each factor, an occupation was assigned a level based on which written description best matched the job. Within each occupation, the points for 9 factors (supervisory duties was excluded) were recorded and totaled. The total determines the overall level of the occupation. Appendix table 3 presents average work levels for published occupational groups and selected occupations. A description of the levels for each factor is shown in appendix C. Tabulations of levels of work for occupations in the survey follow the Federal Government’s white-collar Gen A complete list of all individual occupations, classified by the MOG to which they belong, is contained in appendix B. 38 · · eral Schedule. Point ranges for each of the 15 levels are shown in appendix D. It also includes an example of a leveled job and a guide to help data users evaluate jobs in their firm. Wage data collected in prior surveys using the new generic leveling method were evaluated by BLS researchers using regression techniques. For each of the major occupational groups, wages were compared to the 10 generic level factors (and levels within those factors). The analysis showed that several of the generic level factors, most notably knowledge and supervision received, had strong explanatory power for wages. That is, as the levels within a given factor increased, the wages also increased. Detailed research continues in the area. The results of this research will be published by BLS in the future. In order to calculate earnings for various time periods (hourly, weekly, and annual), data on work schedules were also collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours worked per day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were recorded. Annual weeks worked were determined. Because salaried workers, exempt from overtime provisions, often work beyond the assigned work schedule, their typical number of hours actually worked was collected. Definition of terms Full-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be full time. Collection period The survey was collected from October 1996 through June 1997. The average payroll reference month was February 1997. For each establishment in the survey, the data reflect the establishment’s practices on the day of collection. Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied, at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales. Level. A ranking of an occupation based on the requirements of the position. (See the description in the technical note and the example for more details on the leveling process.) Earnings Earnings were defined as regular payments from the employer to the employee as compensation for straighttime hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The following components were included as part of earnings: · people, referral incentives in real estate) On-call pay Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not meeting the conditions for union coverage (see below). Incentive pay, including commissions, production bonuses, and piece rates Cost-of-living allowances Hazard pay Payments of income deferred due to participation in a salary reduction plan Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight or passengers Part-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be part-time. The following forms of payments were not considered part of straight-time earnings: Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation when all of the following conditions are met: · · · · · · · · · · Straight-time. Time worked at the standard rate of pay for the job. Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied to an hourly rate or salary, and not to a specific level of production. Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for working a schedule that varies from the norm, such as night or weekend work Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends Bonuses not directly tied to production (e.g., Christmas bonuses, profit-sharing bonuses) Uniform and tool allowances Free room and board Payments made by third parties (e.g., tips, bonuses given by manufacturers to department store sales · · · 39 A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining agent for all workers in the occupation. Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations. Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed mutually binding collective bargaining agreement. among establishments differ, estimates of the number of workers obtained from the sample of establishments serve only to indicate the relative importance of the occupational groups studied. Processing and analyzing the data Data were processed and analyzed at the Bureau’s National Office following collection. Data reliability The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically selected probability sample. There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling and nonsampling. Sampling errors occur because observations come only from a sample and not from an entire population. The sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible samples of the same size that could have been selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from the different samples would differ from each other. A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error divided by the estimate. Appendix table 2 contains RSE data for selected series in this bulletin. RSE data for all series in this bulletin are available on the Internet web site and by request to the BLS National Office. The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an example, suppose table A-1 shows that mean hourly earnings for all workers was $12.79 per hour, and appendix table 2 shows a relative standard error of 3.6 percent for this estimate. At the 90-percent level, the confidence interval for this estimate is $13.55 to $12.03 ($12.79 plus and minus 1.645 times 3.6 percent times $12.79). If all possible samples were selected to estimate the population value, the interval from each sample would include the true population value approximately 90 percent of the time. Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data obtained. A Technical Reinterview Program done in all survey areas will be used in the development of a formal quality assessment process to help compute nonsampling error. Although they were not specifically measured, the nonsampling errors were expected to be minimal due to the extensive training of the field economists who gathered the survey data by personal visit, computer edits of the data, and detailed data review. Weighting and nonresponse Sample weights were calculated for each establishment/occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the relative size of the occupation within the establishment and of the establishment within the sample universe. Weights were used to aggregate the individual establishment/occupations into the various data series. Of the establishments surveyed, 28.1 percent (representing 501,530 employees) refused to supply information. If data were not provided by a sample member, the weights of responding sample members in the same or similar “cells” were adjusted to account for the missing data. This technique assumes that the mean value of the nonrespondents equals the mean value of the respondents at some detailed “cell” level. Responding and nonresponding establishments were classified into these cells according to industry and employment size. Responding and nonresponding occupations within responding establishments were classified into cells which were additionally defined by major occupation group and job level. Establishments which were determined to be out of business or outside the scope of the survey (4.0 percent of the total sample) had their weights changed to zero. If only partial data were given by a sample establishment or occupation, or data were missing, the response was treated as a refusal. Estimation The wage series in the tables are computed by combining the wages for individual establishment/occupations. Before being combined, individual wage rates are weighted by: number of workers; the sample weight adjusted for nonresponding establishments and other factors; and the occupation work schedule, varying depending on whether hourly, weekly, or annual rates are being calculated. Not all series that were calculated met the criteria for publication. Before any series was published, it was reviewed to make sure that the number of observations underlying it was sufficient. This review prevented publishing a series that could have revealed information about a specific establishment. The number of workers estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because occupational structures 40 Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied by industry division and establishment employment size, and number of establishments represented, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 Number of establishments studied Industry All industries ......................................................... Private industry ................................................. Goods-producing industries .......................... Mining ....................................................... Construction ............................................. Manufacturing ........................................... Service-producing industries ........................ Tranportation and public utilities ............... Wholesale and retail trade ........................ Finance, insurance and real estate .......... Services .................................................... State and local government .............................. Number of establishments represented 100 workers or more Total studied 9,122 8,948 1,226 5 615 605 7,722 524 2,794 751 3,654 173 466 404 60 3 18 39 344 26 91 22 205 62 50 - 99 workers 114 112 14 2 7 5 98 6 31 7 54 2 Total 352 292 46 1 11 34 246 20 60 15 151 60 100 - 499 workers 195 182 31 1 9 21 151 8 51 9 83 13 NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Overall industry and industry groups may include data for categories not shown separately. 41 500 workers or more 157 110 15 – 2 13 95 12 9 6 68 47 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 (in percent) Occupation3 All industries Private industry State and local government All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 1.7 1.8 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.9 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Civil engineers ...................................................... Electrical and electronic engineers ....................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Operations and systems researchers and analysts .......................................................... Natural scientists ...................................................... Health related occupations ....................................... Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Pharmacists .......................................................... Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Speech therapists ................................................. Therapists, N.E.C. ................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ......................... Teachers, except college and university .................. Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Substitute teachers ............................................... Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Librarians .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Economists ........................................................... Psychologists ........................................................ Social, recreation, and religious workers .................. Social workers ...................................................... Recreation workers ............................................... Lawyers and judges .................................................. Lawyers ................................................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Public relations specialists .................................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Technical occupations .................................................. Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians Health record technologists and technicians ........ Radiological technicians ....................................... Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Drafters ................................................................. Airplane pilots and navigators .............................. Computer programmers ....................................... Legal assistants .................................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... 1.8 1.9 3.4 2.8 3.5 7.0 3.6 3.5 2.4 2.6 3.7 – 3.4 7.2 3.6 3.5 2.3 2.2 6.1 – – – – – 6.1 7.5 3.6 12.0 4.4 1.4 2.8 8.7 2.7 6.1 6.0 9.3 1.8 13.5 1.8 1.7 4.8 6.8 13.0 7.5 9.4 9.4 9.8 15.0 7.9 7.1 8.6 5.3 5.2 5.2 6.2 8.2 3.9 14.5 4.9 1.4 2.8 6.1 – 9.9 10.0 11.7 5.3 – 5.8 4.3 4.9 – – – 14.5 14.5 12.5 17.8 7.9 11.8 13.2 – 5.2 5.2 – 19.3 9.9 10.3 6.5 – – – – 4.7 6.7 8.0 1.8 14.8 1.7 1.7 3.6 6.3 – 5.5 6.2 6.2 5.9 – – 7.3 9.4 5.0 6.4 5.2 9.4 5.8 11.5 11.5 10.9 4.6 5.1 5.2 8.8 1.7 5.3 5.8 5.4 28.9 10.0 3.0 5.7 3.1 3.5 9.8 – 11.5 11.5 11.9 5.4 5.3 – 8.8 2.1 6.1 5.5 – 28.9 10.0 – 6.0 3.6 3.9 – – – – – 4.5 – – – 1.1 5.1 – – – – – – 5.3 5.3 See footnotes at end of table. 42 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued (in percent) Occupation3 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Administrators and officials, public administration Financial managers .............................................. Personnel and labor relations managers .............. Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Administrators, education and related fields ......... Managers, medicine and health ........................... Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments ................................................ Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ............. Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. Management related occupations ............................ Accountants and auditors ..................................... Management analysts .......................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction .................................................... Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ Sales occupations ............................................................ Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ Advertising and related sales occupations ........... Sales occupations, other business services ......... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. Sales workers, apparel ......................................... Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ... Sales workers, other commodities ........................ Sales counter clerks ............................................. Cashiers ............................................................... Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ....................... Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... Supervisors, general office ................................... Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ............................................... Computer operators .............................................. Secretaries ........................................................... Typists .................................................................. Interviewers .......................................................... Hotel clerks ........................................................... Receptionists ........................................................ Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... Order clerks .......................................................... Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .... Library clerks ........................................................ File clerks ............................................................. Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... Billing clerks .......................................................... Telephone operators ............................................ Mail clerks except postal service .......................... Dispatchers ........................................................... Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... Stock and inventory clerks .................................... Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, N.E.C. .................................................. Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators .. Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... See footnotes at end of table. 43 All industries Private industry State and local government 9.3 10.3 12.5 – 10.3 10.1 8.6 – – 8.6 6.1 6.3 8.6 13.0 6.4 – 6.2 – 10.0 13.6 4.6 2.7 3.6 22.0 10.0 13.7 4.7 2.5 3.0 22.0 – – 6.2 8.7 13.0 – 6.4 6.2 6.6 6.5 – – 6.0 7.2 8.7 11.4 30.4 13.3 – 7.1 8.8 11.4 30.4 13.3 – 16.2 14.3 – – – 10.9 17.0 9.7 12.6 16.4 7.4 16.4 1.9 4.7 10.9 17.0 9.7 12.6 17.1 7.6 16.6 2.2 4.8 – – – – – – – 2.7 10.1 9.7 4.7 3.4 5.0 2.6 3.4 3.6 7.9 10.7 16.9 4.2 10.3 2.5 3.6 7.1 14.6 8.2 11.4 5.6 6.0 9.7 4.9 3.9 5.0 2.6 3.4 3.9 7.9 10.7 16.9 – 10.3 2.6 4.1 7.1 14.6 8.2 16.0 5.6 7.6 – – 4.4 – – – – – – – 4.7 – 4.1 6.7 – – – – – – 15.1 6.3 2.9 15.0 6.3 2.9 – – – Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued (in percent) Occupation3 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical (-Continued) Eligibility clerks, social welfare ............................. Bill and account collectors .................................... General office clerks ............................................. Data entry keyers ................................................. Statistical clerks .................................................... Teachers’ aides .................................................... Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics ...................................................... Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers ......................................................... Carpenters ............................................................ Electricians ........................................................... Painters, construction and maintenance .............. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Machinists ............................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Printing press operators ....................................... Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators Packaging and filling machine operators .............. Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Assemblers ........................................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Truck drivers ......................................................... Driver-sales workers ............................................. Bus drivers ............................................................ Supervisors, material moving equipment ............. Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. .............................................. Helpers, construction trades ................................. Construction laborers ........................................... Production helpers ................................................ Stock handlers and baggers ................................. Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............ Hand packers and packagers ............................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Service occupations ........................................................... Protective service occupations ................................. Supervisors, guards .............................................. Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ............................................................ Correctional institution officers ............................. Guards and police except public service .............. Protective service occupations, N.E.C. ................ Food service occupations ......................................... See footnotes at end of table. 44 All industries Private industry State and local government 5.0 4.8 3.7 6.5 6.6 4.8 4.5 – 4.5 4.4 5.2 6.6 14.9 6.0 5.2 – 5.8 – – 3.7 3.1 2.5 2.9 2.7 4.7 5.6 2.8 3.0 – – 5.9 5.1 8.2 – – – 7.7 7.4 8.2 7.0 – – 6.1 5.3 10.3 2.9 9.5 5.3 6.7 4.0 8.3 6.1 11.8 6.1 6.8 4.3 4.9 4.5 9.4 6.9 8.3 8.2 4.1 11.4 6.6 5.5 12.3 – 4.1 5.5 6.7 4.0 8.5 6.1 11.8 6.1 6.8 4.3 5.9 4.9 9.4 – – 8.2 4.2 10.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 5.2 – – 4.5 – – 16.5 – 9.3 5.9 4.7 9.8 7.1 5.9 15.1 10.9 8.8 – 5.9 5.8 9.8 7.6 5.9 15.1 10.9 9.5 – – – – – – – – – 2.8 4.2 10.8 4.1 3.9 2.7 7.6 – – – 3.2 3.2 – 4.1 3.9 29.7 2.4 5.1 17.3 4.1 – – 5.2 – 4.3 29.7 2.4 – – 6.3 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued (in percent) Occupation3 Service occupations (-Continued) Food service occupations (-Continued) Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Bartenders ............................................................ Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Cooks ................................................................... Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Health service occupations ....................................... Health aides, except nursing ................................ Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Cleaning and building service occupations .............. Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers Maids and housemen ........................................... Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Personal service occupations ................................... Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities .. Public transportation attendants ........................... Baggage porters and bellhops .............................. Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................... Child care workers, N.E.C. ................................... Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................ 1 The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. Hourly earnings for these occupations are presented in Tables A-1 and A-2. Reliable relative standard errors could not be determined for all occupations. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 All industries Private industry State and local government 9.6 23.0 12.2 3.4 9.6 7.8 5.9 4.2 2.2 7.0 2.1 4.2 8.0 7.4 5.1 7.4 5.5 21.8 11.0 12.1 5.1 6.6 9.6 23.0 12.2 3.5 10.4 8.3 5.9 4.0 1.9 6.5 2.1 4.5 8.6 7.5 5.3 9.4 5.8 – 11.0 – 4.8 7.2 – – – – – – – 12.6 5.0 – 6.9 4.6 – – 4.8 7.8 – – – 15.1 – 15.2 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means not elsewhere classified. IN THIS SURVEY, THE NONRESPONSE RATE FOR PRIVATE INDUSTRY EXCEEDED REGULAR SURVEY STANDARDS FOR PUBLICATION. ACCORDINGLY, USERS SHOULD INTERPRET THESE RESULTS WITH THIS LIMITATION IN MIND. 45 Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 All occupations ................................................................................. All occupations excluding sales ...................................................... 6 6 6 6 4 4 White-collar occupations ............................................................. White-collar occupations excluding sales ................................... 7 8 8 8 5 6 Professional specialty and technical occupations ...................... Professional specialty occupations ......................................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ................................. Civil engineers ................................................................ Electrical and electronic engineers ................................. Engineers, N.E.C. ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ..................... Operations and systems researchers and analysts ........ Natural scientists ................................................................ Health related occupations ................................................. Physicians ...................................................................... Registered nurses .......................................................... Pharmacists .................................................................... Respiratory therapists ..................................................... Physical therapists .......................................................... Speech therapists ........................................................... Therapists, N.E.C. .......................................................... Teachers, college and university ........................................ Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ................................... Teachers, except college and university ............................ Prekindergarten and kindergarten .................................. Elementary school teachers ........................................... Secondary school teachers ............................................ Teachers, special education ........................................... Teachers, N.E.C. ............................................................ Substitute teachers ......................................................... Vocational and educational counselors .......................... Librarians, archivists, and curators ..................................... Librarians ........................................................................ Social scientists and urban planners .................................. Economists ..................................................................... Psychologists .................................................................. Social, recreation, and religious workers ............................ Social workers ................................................................ Recreation workers ......................................................... Lawyers and judges ............................................................ Lawyers .......................................................................... Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. ........................................................................... Designers ....................................................................... Editors and reporters ...................................................... Public relations specialists .............................................. Professional occupations, N.E.C. ................................... Technical occupations ............................................................ Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians ........... Health record technologists and technicians .................. Radiological technicians ................................................. Licensed practical nurses ............................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ................. Electrical and electronic technicians ............................... Drafters ........................................................................... Airplane pilots and navigators ........................................ Computer programmers ................................................. Legal assistants .............................................................. Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ............. Executives, administrators, and managers ......................... Administrators and officials, public administration .......... Financial managers ........................................................ Personnel and labor relations managers ........................ Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations Administrators, education and related fields ................... 9 9 10 11 9 10 10 10 9 10 9 12 8 9 6 10 9 8 11 10 8 8 9 9 9 7 7 9 8 8 10 10 10 8 8 7 13 13 9 9 10 11 9 10 10 10 9 10 9 12 8 – – – – 8 12 11 9 7 9 9 9 8 – 9 8 8 10 10 11 8 8 – 13 13 8 8 – – – – – – – – 9 12 8 – – – – 8 11 – 7 – – 8 – 5 7 – 7 7 – – – 7 – – – – 9 8 9 10 8 7 7 5 6 6 6 7 6 11 7 8 7 10 11 12 11 9 11 11 9 8 9 10 8 7 7 – 6 5 6 7 6 11 7 8 7 10 11 12 11 9 11 11 7 – – – – 6 6 – 7 6 6 – – – – – – 8 9 – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 46 Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Managers, medicine and health ..................................... Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments ... Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ....................... Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ............................ Management related occupations ...................................... Accountants and auditors ............................................... Management analysts .................................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ........ Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. .......................... Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction Management related occupations, N.E.C. ...................... Sales occupations ...................................................................... Supervisors, sales occupations ...................................... Advertising and related sales occupations ..................... Sales occupations, other business services ................... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale .................................................................. Sales workers, apparel ................................................... Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ............. Sales workers, other commodities .................................. Sales counter clerks ....................................................... Cashiers ......................................................................... Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ................................. Administrative support occupations, including clerical ............... Supervisors, general office ............................................. Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ........................................................................ Computer operators ........................................................ Secretaries ..................................................................... Typists ............................................................................ Interviewers .................................................................... Hotel clerks ..................................................................... Transportation ticket and reservation agents ................. Receptionists .................................................................. Information clerks, N.E.C. ............................................... Order clerks .................................................................... Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .............. Library clerks .................................................................. File clerks ....................................................................... Records clerks, N.E.C. ................................................... Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ................ Billing clerks .................................................................... Telephone operators ...................................................... Mail clerks except postal service .................................... Dispatchers ..................................................................... Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ............................. Stock and inventory clerks .............................................. Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, N.E.C. ....................................................................... Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ............ Investigators and adjusters except insurance ................ Eligibility clerks, social welfare ....................................... Bill and account collectors .............................................. General office clerks ....................................................... Data entry keyers ........................................................... Statistical clerks .............................................................. Teachers’ aides .............................................................. Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ................... Blue-collar occupations ............................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .................... Automobile mechanics ................................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ................. Industrial machinery repairers ........................................ See footnotes at end of table. 47 11 8 10 10 8 8 10 8 10 8 8 5 8 6 8 11 8 10 10 9 8 10 8 10 8 8 6 8 7 8 – – – – – – – – – – – 3 – – – 8 3 4 4 3 2 4 4 7 8 4 4 4 – 3 5 5 7 – 3 – 4 – 2 – 3 – 7 6 5 4 4 3 – 3 4 5 5 3 3 4 4 4 2 2 4 4 4 8 6 5 5 – 3 4 3 4 5 5 4 3 4 4 4 2 2 4 4 5 – – 4 3 – – – 2 – – – 2 – – 4 – – – – – 3 5 5 5 6 4 4 2 5 4 5 6 5 5 6 4 4 2 – 4 5 – – – – – 2 2 – – 4 5 6 6 7 6 5 6 6 7 6 3 6 – – – Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Precision production, craft, and repair occupations (-Continued) Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics ... Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .................................... Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers ................................................................... Carpenters ...................................................................... Electricians ..................................................................... Painters, construction and maintenance ........................ Construction trades, N.E.C. ............................................ Supervisors, production occupations .............................. Machinists ....................................................................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........................ Printing press operators ................................................. Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ........... Packaging and filling machine operators ........................ Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ..................... Assemblers ..................................................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ............ Transportation and material moving occupations ....................... Truck drivers ................................................................... Driver-sales workers ....................................................... Bus drivers ...................................................................... Supervisors, material moving equipment ....................... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ............ Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................ Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ................. Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. ........................................................ Helpers, construction trades ........................................... Construction laborers ..................................................... Production helpers .......................................................... Stock handlers and baggers ........................................... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ................. Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ...................... Hand packers and packagers ......................................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ............................. Service occupations ..................................................................... Protective service occupations ........................................... Supervisors, guards ........................................................ Firefighting occupations .................................................. Police and detectives, public service .............................. Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ...... Correctional institution officers ....................................... Guards and police except public service ........................ Protective service occupations, N.E.C. .......................... Food service occupations ................................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations Bartenders ...................................................................... Waiters and waitresses .................................................. Cooks ............................................................................. Food counter, fountain, and related occupations ........... Kitchen workers, food preparation .................................. Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ...................................... Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ........................... Health service occupations ................................................. Health aides, except nursing .......................................... Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ......................... Cleaning and building service occupations ........................ Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers .......... Maids and housemen ..................................................... Janitors and cleaners ..................................................... Personal service occupations ............................................. Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ............ Public transportation attendants ..................................... Baggage porters and bellhops ........................................ See footnotes at end of table. 48 6 6 6 6 – – 9 6 7 5 5 8 7 4 6 2 5 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 4 3 2 9 6 7 – 5 8 7 4 6 2 5 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 4 3 2 – – – – – – – 3 – – – – – – 3 3 – 4 – – 2 – 6 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 – – – – 2 2 – – 3 3 6 8 7 7 6 5 3 6 3 6 3 2 3 2 3 1 2 4 4 3 2 5 2 2 3 2 4 1 4 6 8 7 7 6 5 3 8 3 6 – 2 3 2 3 1 2 3 4 3 2 5 2 2 4 – 4 – 2 3 – – – – – 3 – 2 – – 2 3 2 2 1 2 4 3 4 2 – – 2 2 2 – – Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV, February 1997 — Continued All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 Service occupations (-Continued) Personal service occupations (-Continued) Early childhood teachers’ assistants .............................. Child care workers, N.E.C. ............................................. Service occupations, N.E.C.. .......................................... 1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. The occupations titled authors, musicians, actors, painters, photographers, dancers, artists, athletes, and legislators cannot be assigned a work level. 3 3 4 4 4 4 – 2 3 NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 49
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