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Springfield, MA National Compensation Survey September 2006 _________________________________________________________________________________________ U.S. Department of Labor Elaine L. Chao, Secretary U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Philip L. Rones, Deputy Commissioner July 2007 Bulletin 3135–71 Preface D Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, 2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE., Room 4175, Washington, DC 20212–0001, call (202) 691–6199, or send an e-mail to ocltinfo@bls.gov. The data contained in this bulletin are also available at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/compub.htm, the BLS Internet site. Data are presented in a Portable Document Format (PDF) file containing the core bulletin, and in an ASCII file containing the published table formats. Results of earlier surveys of this area are available from BLS regional offices, the Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, or at the BLS Internet site. Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691–5200; Federal Relay Service: 1–800–877–8339. ata shown in this bulletin were collected as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) National Compensation Survey (NCS). The survey could not have been conducted without the cooperation of the many private establishments and government agencies that provided pay data included in this bulletin. The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation. Field economists of the Bureau of Labor Statistics collected and reviewed the survey data. The Office of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation with the Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office, designed the survey, processed the data, and prepared the survey for publication. For additional information regarding this survey, please contact any BLS regional office at the address and telephone number listed on the back cover of this bulletin. You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at: iii Contents Page Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Tables: 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics.................................................................................................. 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers by work levels............................................................................................................................... 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers by work levels............................................................................................................................... 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers by work levels............................................................................................................................... 5. Combined work levels for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers ................................................................................................................... 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles................................................................................... 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles ...................................................................... 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles .................................................... 9. Full-time civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles .................................................................... 10. Part-time civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles .................................................................... 11. Full-time civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................ 12. Full-time private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................ 13. Full-time State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................ 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings of private industry establishments for major occupational groups...................................................................................................... 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time private industry workers .................... 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time private industry workers .................... 17. Union and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings for major occupational groups .................. 18. Time and incentive workers: Mean hourly earnings for major occupational groups .................... 19. Industry sector: Mean hourly earnings for private industry workers by major occupational group ........................................................................................................ 3 4 7 9 10 13 15 17 18 20 21 23 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Appendixes: A. Technical Note............................................................................................................................... Appendix table 1. Number of workers represented by the survey ................................................ Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response ........................................................................ B. Standard Occupational Classification System................................................................................ v A–1 A–5 A–6 B–1 Introduction T About the tables The tables that follow present data on straight-time occupational earnings, which include wages and salaries, incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. These earnings exclude premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. About 800 detailed occupations, listed in Appendix B, are used to describe all occupations in the civilian nonfarm economy (excluding the Federal Government and private households). Data are not shown for any occupations if they would raise concerns about the confidentiality of the survey respondents or if the data are insufficient to support reliable estimates. Table 1 presents an overview of all tables in this bulletin. Mean hourly earnings, weekly hours, and relative standard errors are given for all industries, private industry, and State and local government for selected worker and establishment characteristics. The worker characteristics include high-level and intermediate occupational aggregation, fulltime or part-time status, union or nonunion status, and time or incentive pay. Establishment characteristics include goods producing, service providing, and size of establishment. Table 2 presents mean hourly earnings data by work level for occupational major groups and for detailed occupations. Separate data are also shown for full-time and part-time workers. Table 3 provides work level data for private industry workers. Table 4 provides similar data for State and local government workers. Table 5 simplifies the work levels by combining them into broader groups within major and detailed occupations, and for full-time and parttime workers. Tables 6 through 10 present hourly wage percentiles that describe the distribution of hourly earnings for individual workers within each published occupation. Data are provided for the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles for detailed occupations within all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time workers, and part-time workers. Table 11 presents mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings, and the associated hours, for major occupational groups and detailed occupations for full-time workers. Table 12 provides the same type of information for private industry workers. Table 13 provides similar data for State and local government workers. he tables in this bulletin summarize the NCS results for the Springfield, MA, metropolitan area. Data were collected between March 2006 and April 2007; the average reference month is September 2006. Tabulations provide information on earnings of workers in a variety of occupations and at different work levels. Also contained in this bulletin are information on the program, a technical note describing survey procedures, and an appendix with detailed information on occupational classifications. Most of the earnings estimates in this bulletin are presented as mean hourly earnings. Mean weekly and annual earnings, and the corresponding hours, also are provided for full-time employees in specific occupations. Some occupations, such as teachers and fire fighters, typically have shorter or longer work schedules than do the majority of full-time workers. The weekly and annual estimates are useful for comparing the earnings of occupations having different work schedules. NCS products The Bureau’s National Compensation Survey provides comprehensive measures of occupational earnings, compensation cost trends, benefit incidence, and detailed plan provisions. The Employment Cost Index, a quarterly measure of the change in employer costs for wages and benefits, is derived from the NCS. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation measures employers’ average hourly costs for wages and benefits. NCS also measures the incidence and provisions of benefit plans. This bulletin is limited to data on occupational wages and salaries. Changes to the publications The locality wage publications have undergone a number of significant changes. Beginning with the 3135 bulletin series, the releases employ: 1. The 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2. An expanded scope of establishments, lowering the minimum establishment size for private industry from 50 workers to 1 worker 3. Imputation for temporary non-response situations 4. Benchmarking of estimated employment 5. Redesigned tables, to reflect the new classification system and to emphasize work levels 1 and incentive workers in all and private establishments by high-level occupational aggregation. Table 19 presents mean hourly earnings data for major industry divisions within the private sector. Appendix table 1 presents the number of workers represented by the survey, by high-level occupational aggregation and for all industries, private industry, and State and local government. Appendix table 2 provides the number of establishments in the sampling frame and the number of responding and nonresponding establishments. Table 14 presents mean hourly earnings data for establishment employment sizes by high-level occupational aggregations in the private sector. Tables 15 and 16 provide mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings data for full-time employees in private establishments with fewer than 100 workers, and in private establishments with 100 workers or more. Table 17 presents mean hourly earnings data for union and nonunion workers in all, private, and State and local government establishments by high-level occupational aggregation. Table 18 provides hourly earnings data for time 2 Table 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Civilian workers Worker and establishment characteristics Private industry workers Hourly earnings Mean Relative error2 (percent) $21.03 3.3 Management, professional, and related ........... Management, business, and financial .......... Professional and related ............................... Service .............................................................. Sales and office ................................................ Sales and related .......................................... Office and administrative support ................. Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ................................................... Construction and extraction ......................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ............ Production, transportation, and material moving ............................................................ Production .................................................... Transportation and material moving ............. 37.19 37.26 37.16 12.97 16.16 16.45 15.94 State and local government workers Hourly earnings Mean weekly hours3 Mean Relative error2 (percent) 32.9 $19.99 4.1 5.3 9.9 6.0 12.4 7.9 18.5 3.2 35.1 38.2 33.9 26.6 32.7 30.6 34.4 37.24 37.82 36.84 11.51 16.07 16.45 15.74 21.49 22.52 19.30 1.9 2.1 5.7 39.3 39.0 39.9 16.93 15.51 18.77 7.8 9.9 10.8 Full time ............................................................ Part time ........................................................... 23.50 10.73 Union ................................................................ Nonunion .......................................................... Time .................................................................. Incentive ........................................................... Hourly earnings Mean weekly hours3 Mean weekly hours3 Mean Relative error2 (percent) 32.4 $26.30 1.4 35.5 7.2 10.4 9.6 18.5 8.6 18.5 3.9 35.8 38.9 34.0 24.6 32.3 30.6 34.0 37.07 29.87 37.64 17.82 17.09 – 17.09 5.4 16.8 4.5 8.9 3.2 – 3.2 33.6 30.8 33.8 36.4 37.3 – 37.3 21.83 23.23 18.70 1.8 2.9 5.2 39.2 38.8 39.9 19.86 – 21.77 7.7 – 16.2 40.0 – 40.0 38.6 39.4 37.6 16.81 15.32 18.75 8.2 10.3 11.2 38.6 39.3 37.7 22.13 – – 18.1 – – 35.9 – – 4.2 4.6 39.2 19.7 22.68 10.67 5.3 4.7 39.6 19.9 26.84 12.45 1.3 8.7 37.5 15.1 23.06 20.14 1.5 4.8 36.2 31.6 19.62 20.08 4.3 4.9 35.7 31.8 26.64 22.86 1.6 15.7 36.9 26.1 20.86 28.17 3.4 14.1 32.7 46.5 19.77 28.17 4.2 14.1 32.1 46.5 26.30 – 1.4 – 35.5 – Goods producing .............................................. Service providing .............................................. (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) – 20.11 – 5.2 – 30.7 (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) 1-99 workers ..................................................... 100-499 workers ............................................... 500 workers or more ......................................... 18.31 20.03 26.85 8.6 6.1 3.3 31.7 32.4 35.8 18.25 19.24 27.02 8.8 7.0 5.7 31.7 32.0 35.8 – 25.25 26.66 – 11.4 2.8 – 35.9 35.8 All workers .......................................................... Worker characteristics4,5 Establishment characteristics 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 5 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-providing industries applies to private industry only. Industries are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 3 Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) All workers .............................................................................. $21.03 3.3 $23.50 4.2 $10.73 4.6 Management occupations ................................................. Level 9 ............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Education administrators .................................................. Education administrators, postsecondary ..................... 35.76 29.53 39.91 33.20 32.47 13.5 9.1 20.3 9.9 11.0 35.83 29.53 40.21 33.14 32.39 13.6 9.1 20.7 10.1 11.3 – – – – – – – – – – Business and financial operations occupations ............. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Accountants and auditors ................................................. 40.55 45.95 35.23 8.1 11.4 21.7 40.55 45.95 35.23 8.1 11.4 21.7 – – – – – – Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 35.00 7.0 35.03 7.0 – – Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Engineers ......................................................................... 29.33 32.47 7.2 3.3 29.33 32.47 7.2 3.3 – – – – Community and social services occupations .................. 23.52 20.5 24.01 20.5 – – Education, training, and library occupations .................. Level 9 ............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Postsecondary teachers ................................................... Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Social sciences teachers, postsecondary ..................... Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary ........................................................ Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers ........................ Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Level 9 ............................................................. Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... Level 9 ............................................................. Elementary school teachers, except special education ............................................................ Level 9 ............................................................. Secondary school teachers .......................................... Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education ........................................... Teacher assistants ........................................................... 42.22 41.03 51.34 80.66 64.95 51.26 80.66 60.60 4.7 3.4 3.9 4.2 1.4 4.2 4.2 11.9 43.39 41.03 52.24 80.66 65.85 – 80.66 61.78 5.1 3.4 2.4 4.2 .9 – 4.2 12.0 17.44 – – – 26.96 – – – 8.7 – – – 3.3 – – – 97.91 59.01 3.9 1.1 – – – – – – – – 39.96 41.18 41.19 42.12 2.3 3.5 .5 1.6 41.14 41.18 41.76 42.12 2.4 3.5 .9 1.6 – – – – – – – – 41.06 42.00 39.73 .8 1.4 6.0 41.66 42.00 40.55 .7 1.4 4.4 – – – – – – 39.73 13.70 6.0 3.5 40.55 13.76 4.4 2.9 – – – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Level 7 ............................................................. Level 8 ............................................................. Level 9 ............................................................. Registered nurses ............................................................ Level 7 ............................................................. Level 8 ............................................................. Level 9 ............................................................. Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... 36.90 26.04 28.72 33.85 29.00 25.02 28.40 32.58 20.77 21.7 7.4 1.3 2.9 5.3 6.1 1.6 1.3 4.9 39.51 26.04 – – 27.94 – – – – 28.8 7.5 – – 7.1 – – – – 28.23 – – 33.02 31.20 – – 33.02 – 5.2 – – .1 3.6 – – .1 – Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Level 2 ............................................................. Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... Psychiatric aides ........................................................... 13.72 13.54 14.92 13.25 13.54 11.87 14.50 4.1 1.3 1.1 5.0 1.3 8.2 .5 13.79 – 14.92 13.32 – 11.83 14.50 4.7 – 1.1 5.7 – 9.4 .5 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Protective service occupations ......................................... Level 3 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Police officers ................................................................... Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ................................. 18.28 12.75 20.55 21.81 21.81 14.1 1.5 5.7 1.8 1.8 20.10 – 20.55 21.81 21.81 10.1 – 5.7 1.8 1.8 – – – – – – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 4 Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............ Level 3 ............................................................. Security guards ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. $12.54 12.78 12.54 12.78 12.9 2.1 12.9 2.1 $14.62 – 14.62 – 3.7 – 3.7 – – – – – – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Cooks ............................................................................... Cooks, institution and cafeteria .................................... Food preparation workers ................................................. Food service, tipped ......................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Waiters and waitresses ................................................ Fast food and counter workers ......................................... 7.32 7.66 4.78 10.13 15.31 15.52 9.66 3.50 – – 7.62 15.5 10.4 18.4 23.4 7.1 6.9 .8 10.7 – – 1.8 9.16 – – – 15.52 15.52 – – – – – 40.8 – – – 6.9 6.9 – – – – – $6.07 8.17 5.21 – – – 9.56 3.67 3.69 3.13 – 8.0 6.2 15.8 – – – 1.3 12.8 14.3 10.9 – 17.65 10.37 12.23 11.08 9.97 12.23 21.2 12.8 7.5 6.6 11.7 7.5 18.57 10.37 13.59 11.70 10.37 13.59 20.4 14.8 4.4 9.0 14.8 4.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.43 10.47 12.23 8.58 6.2 15.0 7.5 4.1 12.23 – 13.59 – 8.8 – 4.4 – – – – – – – – – Personal care and service occupations ........................... 9.37 7.9 – – 9.33 8.5 Sales and related occupations .......................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Retail sales workers ......................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Cashiers ................................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. 16.45 9.79 10.06 9.79 9.15 9.79 9.15 9.79 18.5 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.4 20.73 – – – – – – – 23.2 – – – – – – – 8.70 9.35 8.70 9.35 8.67 9.35 8.67 9.35 .9 3.5 .9 3.5 .8 3.5 .8 3.5 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Level 6 ............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Financial clerks ................................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Level 4 ............................................................. Customer service representatives .................................... Receptionists and information clerks ................................ Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Level 6 ............................................................. Executive secretaries and administrative assistants .... Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ Level 3 ............................................................. 15.94 12.62 14.63 15.86 18.27 19.62 16.26 14.67 15.82 14.90 15.86 16.44 13.96 17.15 19.55 18.25 18.06 16.71 15.16 3.2 7.3 3.1 3.3 4.0 6.1 4.2 3.7 4.9 4.2 5.1 6.5 6.1 5.0 6.9 6.4 8.8 5.6 4.2 16.91 13.99 15.23 15.93 18.90 19.55 17.05 15.38 15.82 15.62 15.86 17.76 – 17.44 19.55 18.18 18.06 17.07 15.16 3.1 6.6 3.0 3.5 2.5 6.9 4.3 3.7 4.9 3.4 5.1 5.6 – 5.5 6.9 7.3 8.8 5.1 4.6 13.04 11.54 12.97 – – – – 11.68 – – – – 13.13 – – – – – – 4.8 6.9 3.1 – – – – 5.7 – – – – 2.7 – – – – – – Construction and extraction occupations ....................... Level 7 ............................................................. Electricians ....................................................................... 22.52 22.67 22.34 2.1 8.3 4.7 22.68 22.67 22.34 2.2 8.3 4.7 – – – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... 19.30 5.7 19.30 5.7 – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ........................................... Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Maids and housekeeping cleaners ............................... See footnotes at end of table. 5 Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... $17.28 9.6 $17.28 9.6 – – Production occupations .................................................... Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 6 ............................................................. Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders 15.51 11.65 12.87 14.52 13.32 22.29 11.96 14.96 17.23 9.9 10.3 2.1 8.7 10.7 2.9 8.1 5.2 .0 15.70 – 12.87 14.52 13.32 22.29 11.96 15.12 – 10.0 – 2.1 8.7 10.7 2.9 8.1 5.8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ Level 1 ............................................................. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ........................................................................ 18.77 10.12 12.89 20.58 11.31 9.28 10.8 6.2 10.0 14.7 9.6 3.8 19.92 10.49 – 20.74 13.51 – 9.8 9.5 – 14.8 11.8 – $9.87 – – – – – 3.1 – – – – – 12.40 12.1 – – – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 6 Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) All workers .............................................................................. $19.99 4.1 $22.68 5.3 $10.67 4.7 Management occupations ................................................. Level 9 ............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Education administrators .................................................. Education administrators, postsecondary ..................... 35.70 28.83 40.33 32.19 32.19 14.3 8.9 20.8 11.2 11.2 35.69 28.83 40.33 32.11 32.11 14.3 8.9 20.8 11.5 11.5 – – – – – – – – – – Business and financial operations occupations ............. Not able to be leveled ....................................... 42.79 45.95 6.4 11.4 42.79 45.95 6.4 11.4 – – – – Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 34.92 7.8 34.94 7.7 – – Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Engineers ......................................................................... 31.67 32.24 4.8 3.7 31.67 32.24 4.8 3.7 – – – – Education, training, and library occupations .................. Postsecondary teachers ................................................... Social sciences teachers, postsecondary ..................... Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary ........................................................ 50.06 69.78 60.60 11.0 4.0 11.9 56.12 72.04 61.78 9.8 1.7 12.0 20.38 26.96 – 9.0 3.3 – 97.91 3.9 – – – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Level 8 ............................................................. Level 9 ............................................................. Registered nurses ............................................................ Level 9 ............................................................. Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... 37.81 28.80 34.14 28.76 32.66 20.85 22.8 1.4 3.0 5.9 1.1 5.5 41.00 – – 27.36 – – 30.9 – – 8.2 – – 28.24 – 33.02 31.23 33.02 – 5.2 – .1 3.7 .1 – Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... 13.49 12.39 6.6 8.4 13.55 12.40 7.5 9.4 – – – – Protective service occupations ......................................... Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............ Security guards ............................................................. 11.41 11.41 11.41 15.2 15.2 15.2 13.70 13.70 13.70 2.2 2.2 2.2 – – – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Cooks ............................................................................... Food preparation workers ................................................. Food service, tipped ......................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Waiters and waitresses ................................................ 6.71 7.57 4.78 13.97 9.64 3.50 – – 17.1 11.1 18.4 3.3 .5 10.7 – – 7.91 – – – – – – – 47.3 – – – – – – – 18.20 7.93 9.19 7.93 24.2 2.2 4.8 2.2 – – 9.58 – – – 8.0 – – – – – – – – – 9.34 5.2 9.92 9.3 – – Personal care and service occupations ........................... 9.40 8.2 – – 9.38 8.6 Sales and related occupations .......................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Retail sales workers ......................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. Cashiers ................................................................... Level 2 ............................................................. 16.45 9.79 10.06 9.79 9.15 9.79 9.15 9.79 18.5 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.4 20.73 – – – – – – – 23.2 – – – – – – – 8.70 9.35 8.70 9.35 8.67 9.35 8.67 9.35 .9 3.5 .9 3.5 .8 3.5 .8 3.5 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Level 2 ............................................................. 15.74 12.32 3.9 8.2 16.84 – 3.9 – 13.03 11.43 4.9 7.2 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Level 1 ............................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Level 1 ............................................................. Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ........................................... See footnotes at end of table. 7 6.01 8.09 5.21 – – 3.67 3.69 3.13 8.2 6.9 15.8 – – 12.8 14.3 10.9 Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Office and administrative support occupations –Continued Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Level 5 ............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Financial clerks ................................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Customer service representatives .................................... Receptionists and information clerks ................................ Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ $13.91 15.66 18.06 16.15 13.71 14.08 16.44 13.98 16.86 18.06 16.83 2.3 4.0 4.6 4.3 5.2 6.3 6.5 6.0 5.1 8.8 7.0 $14.56 15.73 18.69 16.98 14.47 – 17.76 – 17.12 18.06 – 0.7 4.2 3.1 4.7 5.2 – 5.6 – 5.8 8.8 – $13.00 – – – 11.68 – – – – – – 3.2 – – – 5.7 – – – – – – Construction and extraction occupations ....................... 23.23 2.9 23.43 3.1 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... 18.70 5.2 18.70 5.2 – – Production occupations .................................................... Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders 15.32 11.65 12.87 14.52 13.32 11.96 14.96 17.23 10.3 10.3 2.1 8.7 10.7 8.1 5.2 .0 15.52 – 12.87 14.52 13.32 11.96 15.12 – 10.4 – 2.1 8.7 10.7 8.1 5.8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Level 1 ............................................................. Level 2 ............................................................. Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ Level 1 ............................................................. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ........................................................................ 18.75 9.96 12.74 11.31 9.28 11.2 6.6 10.5 9.6 3.8 19.86 10.49 – 13.51 – 10.2 9.5 – 11.8 – 9.66 – – – – 3.5 – – – – 12.40 12.1 – – – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 8 Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) All workers .............................................................................. $26.30 1.4 $26.84 1.3 $12.45 8.7 Management occupations ................................................. 36.86 7.1 38.59 4.8 – – Education, training, and library occupations .................. Level 9 ............................................................. Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Level 9 ............................................................. Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... Level 9 ............................................................. Elementary school teachers, except special education ............................................................ Level 9 ............................................................. Secondary school teachers .......................................... Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education ........................................... Teacher assistants ........................................................... 40.29 41.03 4.9 3.4 40.75 41.03 5.3 3.4 – – – – 40.54 41.18 41.19 42.12 2.0 3.5 .5 1.6 41.14 41.18 41.76 42.12 2.4 3.5 .9 1.6 – – – – – – – – 41.06 42.00 39.73 .8 1.4 6.0 41.66 42.00 40.55 .7 1.4 4.4 – – – – – – 39.73 13.70 6.0 3.5 40.55 13.76 4.4 2.9 – – – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Registered nurses ............................................................ 26.82 30.95 6.4 2.1 26.82 31.05 6.5 2.2 – – – – Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... 14.06 14.09 1.2 1.3 14.15 14.19 .8 .8 – – – – Protective service occupations ......................................... Level 5 ............................................................. Police officers ................................................................... Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ................................. 22.33 20.55 21.81 21.81 5.9 5.7 1.8 1.8 22.47 20.55 21.81 21.81 5.8 5.7 1.8 1.8 – – – – – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ 15.16 18.5 – – – – 15.16 15.68 14.95 2.3 5.2 2.1 14.95 – 14.95 2.1 – 2.1 – – – – – – 15.11 1.9 15.11 1.9 – – Office and administrative support occupations .............. Level 3 ............................................................. Level 4 ............................................................. Office clerks, general ........................................................ 17.09 15.86 16.99 16.34 3.2 4.4 2.2 3.7 17.18 15.90 16.99 16.34 3.1 4.3 2.2 3.7 – – – – – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... 21.77 16.2 21.77 16.2 – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Level 1 ............................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ........................................... 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 9 Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) All workers .............................................................................. $21.03 3.3 $23.50 4.2 $10.73 4.6 Management occupations ................................................. Group III ............................................................ Education administrators .................................................. Group III ............................................................ Education administrators, postsecondary ..................... Group III ............................................................ 35.76 35.87 33.20 35.85 32.47 35.51 13.5 10.1 9.9 7.2 11.0 8.5 35.83 – 33.14 – 32.39 35.42 13.6 – 10.1 – 11.3 8.8 – – – – – – – – – – – – Business and financial operations occupations ............. Accountants and auditors ................................................. 40.55 35.23 8.1 21.7 40.55 35.23 8.1 21.7 – – – – Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... Group III ............................................................ 35.00 37.00 7.0 1.8 35.03 – 7.0 – – – – – Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Engineers ......................................................................... 29.33 32.47 7.2 3.3 29.33 32.47 7.2 3.3 – – – – Community and social services occupations .................. 23.52 20.5 24.01 20.5 – – Education, training, and library occupations .................. Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Group III ............................................................ Postsecondary teachers ................................................... Group III ............................................................ Social sciences teachers, postsecondary ..................... Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary ........................................................ Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers ........................ Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Group III ............................................................ Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... Group III ............................................................ Elementary school teachers, except special education ............................................................ Group III ............................................................ Secondary school teachers .......................................... Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education ........................................... Teacher assistants ........................................................... Group I .............................................................. 42.22 13.70 34.23 50.61 64.95 68.24 60.60 4.7 3.5 7.3 4.7 1.4 1.9 11.9 43.39 – – – 65.85 – 61.78 5.1 – – – .9 – 12.0 17.44 – – – 26.96 – – 8.7 – – – 3.3 – – 97.91 59.01 3.9 1.1 – – – – – – – – 39.96 41.18 41.19 42.12 2.3 3.5 .5 1.6 41.14 – 41.76 – 2.4 – .9 – – – – – – – – – 41.06 42.00 39.73 .8 1.4 6.0 41.66 42.00 40.55 .7 1.4 4.4 – – – – – – 39.73 13.70 13.70 6.0 3.5 3.5 40.55 13.76 13.76 4.4 2.9 2.9 – – – – – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Group II ............................................................. Group III ............................................................ Registered nurses ............................................................ Group II ............................................................. Group III ............................................................ Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... Group II ............................................................. 36.90 25.13 36.76 29.00 26.26 32.90 20.77 21.05 21.7 6.2 5.2 5.3 6.6 1.8 4.9 6.1 39.51 – – 27.94 25.81 32.78 – – 28.8 – – 7.1 7.9 3.7 – – 28.23 – – 31.20 – 33.02 – – 5.2 – – 3.6 – .1 – – Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Group I .............................................................. Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Group I .............................................................. Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... Group I .............................................................. Psychiatric aides ........................................................... 13.72 13.63 13.25 13.09 11.87 11.87 14.50 4.1 4.3 5.0 5.3 8.2 8.2 .5 13.79 – 13.32 – 11.83 11.83 14.50 4.7 – 5.7 – 9.4 9.4 .5 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Protective service occupations ......................................... Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Police officers ................................................................... Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ................................. 18.28 11.28 24.04 21.81 21.81 14.1 14.3 4.7 1.8 1.8 20.10 – – 21.81 21.81 10.1 – – 1.8 1.8 – – – – – – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 10 Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............ Group I .............................................................. Security guards ............................................................. Group I .............................................................. $12.54 11.16 12.54 11.16 12.9 15.9 12.9 15.9 $14.62 – 14.62 13.65 3.7 – 3.7 4.6 – – – – – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Group I .............................................................. Cooks ............................................................................... Cooks, institution and cafeteria .................................... Food preparation workers ................................................. Group I .............................................................. Food service, tipped ......................................................... Group I .............................................................. Waiters and waitresses ................................................ Group I .............................................................. Fast food and counter workers ......................................... Group I .............................................................. 7.32 6.22 15.31 15.52 9.66 9.66 3.50 3.50 – – 7.62 7.62 15.5 13.0 7.1 6.9 .8 .8 10.7 10.7 – – 1.8 1.8 9.16 – 15.52 15.52 – – – – – – – – 40.8 – 6.9 6.9 – – – – – – – – $6.07 – – – 9.56 9.56 3.67 – 3.13 3.13 – – 8.0 – – – 1.3 1.3 12.8 – 10.9 10.9 – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Group I .............................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Group I .............................................................. Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ........................................... Group I .............................................................. Maids and housekeeping cleaners ............................... 17.65 11.28 11.08 11.11 21.2 6.9 6.6 7.1 18.57 – 11.70 – 20.4 – 9.0 – – – – – – – – – 11.43 11.48 8.58 6.2 6.7 4.1 12.23 12.35 – 8.8 9.7 – – – – – – – Personal care and service occupations ........................... Group I .............................................................. 9.37 9.33 7.9 8.3 – – – – 9.33 – 8.5 – Sales and related occupations .......................................... Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Retail sales workers ......................................................... Group I .............................................................. Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Group I .............................................................. Cashiers ................................................................... Group I .............................................................. 16.45 10.73 24.76 10.06 10.06 9.15 9.15 9.15 9.15 18.5 1.2 24.0 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 20.73 – – – – – – – – 23.2 – – – – – – – – 8.70 – – 8.70 – 8.67 – 8.67 8.67 .9 – – .9 – .8 – .8 .8 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Financial clerks ................................................................. Group I .............................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Group I .............................................................. Customer service representatives .................................... Receptionists and information clerks ................................ Group I .............................................................. Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Executive secretaries and administrative assistants .... Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ Group I .............................................................. 15.94 14.45 19.61 14.67 14.70 14.90 14.89 16.44 13.96 13.96 17.15 15.05 18.30 18.25 18.06 16.71 15.81 3.2 3.0 3.7 3.7 4.4 4.2 4.9 6.5 6.1 6.1 5.0 4.8 7.2 6.4 8.8 5.6 6.1 16.91 – – 15.38 – 15.62 15.74 17.76 – – 17.44 – – 18.18 18.06 17.07 16.23 3.1 – – 3.7 – 3.4 4.0 5.6 – – 5.5 – – 7.3 8.8 5.1 5.7 13.04 – – 11.68 – – – – 13.13 13.13 – – – – – – – 4.8 – – 5.7 – – – – 2.7 2.7 – – – – – – – Construction and extraction occupations ....................... Group II ............................................................. Electricians ....................................................................... Group II ............................................................. 22.52 23.58 22.34 22.34 2.1 1.8 4.7 4.7 22.68 – 22.34 22.34 2.2 – 4.7 4.7 – – – – – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... Group II ............................................................. 19.30 19.04 5.7 6.4 19.30 – 5.7 – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 11 Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued Total Occupation4 and level Full-time workers Part-time workers Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Mean Relative error5 (percent) Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... $17.28 9.6 $17.28 9.6 – – Production occupations .................................................... Group I .............................................................. Group II ............................................................. Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Group I .............................................................. Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Group I .............................................................. Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders 15.51 12.99 19.99 11.96 11.96 14.96 13.22 17.23 9.9 8.1 3.7 8.1 8.1 5.2 1.3 .0 15.70 – – 11.96 11.96 15.12 – – 10.0 – – 8.1 8.1 5.8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Group I .............................................................. Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ Group I .............................................................. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ........................................................................ Group I .............................................................. 18.77 15.20 20.58 11.31 11.31 10.8 16.9 14.7 9.6 9.6 19.92 – 20.74 13.51 – 9.8 – 14.8 11.8 – $9.87 – – – – 3.1 – – – – 12.40 12.40 12.1 12.1 – – – – – – – – 1 Combined work levels simplify the presentation of work levels by combining levels 1 through 15 into four broad groups. Group I combines levels 1-4, group II combines levels 5-8, group III combines levels 9-12, and group IV combines levels 13-15. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 12 Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Occupation2 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $8.27 $11.73 $16.98 $25.12 $38.00 Management occupations ................................................. Education administrators .................................................. Education administrators, postsecondary ..................... 18.54 23.40 23.40 24.60 28.30 28.30 27.85 31.25 29.23 44.09 38.46 38.46 47.95 44.51 44.51 Business and financial operations occupations ............. Accountants and auditors ................................................. 20.38 20.11 23.60 22.96 33.99 43.75 48.06 48.06 85.03 48.06 Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 28.71 30.00 36.20 36.97 41.83 Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Engineers ......................................................................... 18.88 27.47 28.32 29.73 29.73 31.83 34.28 36.72 39.02 39.97 Community and social services occupations .................. 13.28 13.28 22.27 30.58 41.23 Education, training, and library occupations .................. Postsecondary teachers ................................................... Social sciences teachers, postsecondary ..................... Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary ........................................................ Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers ........................ Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... Elementary school teachers, except special education ............................................................ Secondary school teachers .......................................... Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education ........................................... Teacher assistants ........................................................... 12.65 28.98 28.73 29.46 48.38 28.73 42.55 61.02 55.50 49.28 76.49 84.83 68.27 93.55 106.83 47.43 38.46 76.49 49.42 87.02 58.86 130.85 68.26 154.76 78.61 29.46 31.10 34.59 36.41 43.12 43.97 45.78 45.31 49.28 48.97 31.10 28.90 36.31 33.37 43.97 41.23 45.14 47.06 48.76 49.88 28.90 11.31 33.37 11.75 41.23 12.55 47.06 15.30 49.88 21.32 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Registered nurses ............................................................ Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... 20.06 22.81 17.57 23.03 24.92 19.76 29.20 28.98 20.50 35.00 32.56 22.00 43.93 35.41 23.29 Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... Psychiatric aides ........................................................... 10.05 9.77 9.58 12.27 12.27 12.00 9.87 13.09 13.84 13.25 12.00 15.19 15.19 15.19 13.13 15.19 16.60 16.60 14.56 16.60 Protective service occupations ......................................... Police officers ................................................................... Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ................................. Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............ Security guards ............................................................. 8.00 14.15 14.15 7.00 7.00 12.55 19.66 19.66 8.00 8.00 18.01 23.20 23.20 12.70 12.70 23.40 23.40 23.40 16.26 16.26 28.23 26.51 26.51 16.34 16.34 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Cooks ............................................................................... Cooks, institution and cafeteria .................................... Food preparation workers ................................................. Food service, tipped ......................................................... Fast food and counter workers ......................................... 2.63 12.88 12.88 7.95 2.63 6.75 2.75 13.50 13.91 8.25 2.63 7.00 7.00 14.49 14.76 9.75 2.75 7.57 9.50 16.97 16.97 10.36 5.00 7.75 14.49 19.48 19.48 11.35 5.54 8.75 7.97 7.50 10.00 8.04 16.70 10.36 25.12 14.07 25.12 16.52 7.50 7.97 8.00 8.04 10.64 8.27 14.43 8.27 16.52 10.36 Personal care and service occupations ........................... 6.75 8.00 10.00 10.50 10.75 Sales and related occupations .......................................... Retail sales workers ......................................................... Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Cashiers ................................................................... 7.80 7.55 7.50 7.50 9.00 8.25 8.00 8.00 11.00 9.50 9.50 9.50 16.89 11.00 10.00 10.00 42.56 13.58 11.00 11.00 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Financial clerks ................................................................. 11.60 11.59 13.60 12.62 15.67 14.99 17.53 16.50 20.67 17.18 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ........................................... Maids and housekeeping cleaners ............................... See footnotes at end of table. 13 Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued 10 25 Median 50 75 90 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Customer service representatives .................................... Receptionists and information clerks ................................ Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Executive secretaries and administrative assistants .... Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ $11.69 12.02 11.50 13.91 15.06 15.00 12.10 $13.55 14.76 12.65 15.00 15.06 15.00 15.82 $15.72 15.68 14.00 15.11 17.98 15.55 17.50 $16.98 17.32 16.01 18.75 20.67 22.48 18.78 $17.18 21.42 16.01 23.08 21.92 26.46 19.48 Construction and extraction occupations ....................... Electricians ....................................................................... 18.71 20.37 21.19 21.19 21.51 23.88 24.75 24.13 25.73 24.13 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... 15.54 16.88 18.53 18.53 29.14 11.25 13.25 16.00 21.41 29.34 Production occupations .................................................... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders .................................................................... 9.50 9.69 9.30 10.67 10.34 11.01 14.50 12.67 15.04 17.51 12.83 18.87 21.42 13.55 20.03 12.00 15.25 17.70 20.03 20.31 10.28 10.50 7.95 12.50 12.52 8.61 21.55 23.02 10.36 25.05 25.53 13.79 25.53 26.62 15.37 8.61 10.00 13.79 14.74 16.73 Occupation2 Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ........................................................................ 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 14 Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Occupation2 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $8.00 $10.60 $16.50 $25.00 $34.14 Management occupations ................................................. Education administrators .................................................. Education administrators, postsecondary ..................... 18.54 23.40 23.40 23.85 28.30 28.30 27.56 29.23 29.23 44.09 38.46 38.46 47.95 44.51 44.51 Business and financial operations occupations ............. 20.38 24.92 39.86 48.06 85.03 Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 28.71 30.00 36.20 36.97 42.60 Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Engineers ......................................................................... 28.32 27.47 29.08 29.08 29.73 31.83 34.86 36.01 39.97 39.97 Education, training, and library occupations .................. Postsecondary teachers ................................................... Social sciences teachers, postsecondary ..................... Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary ........................................................ 11.73 28.73 28.73 21.90 30.00 28.73 33.14 75.31 55.50 76.49 87.02 84.83 106.83 130.85 106.83 47.43 76.49 87.02 130.85 154.76 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Registered nurses ............................................................ Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ........... 20.28 22.81 17.54 23.03 24.53 20.06 29.20 28.50 20.50 35.96 32.63 22.00 43.93 35.94 23.29 Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... 9.58 9.58 12.00 9.87 13.84 12.22 15.07 13.68 16.75 16.60 Protective service occupations ......................................... Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............ Security guards ............................................................. 7.00 7.00 7.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 12.23 12.23 12.23 13.50 13.50 13.50 16.34 16.34 16.34 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Cooks ............................................................................... Food preparation workers ................................................. Food service, tipped ......................................................... 2.63 11.22 8.25 2.63 2.63 13.17 8.25 2.63 6.75 14.17 9.50 2.75 8.48 14.96 10.08 5.00 13.65 15.51 11.35 5.54 7.80 7.50 8.74 7.92 25.12 8.27 25.12 10.64 25.12 11.67 7.50 7.75 8.74 10.64 11.91 Personal care and service occupations ........................... 6.75 8.00 10.00 10.50 10.75 Sales and related occupations .......................................... Retail sales workers ......................................................... Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Cashiers ................................................................... 7.80 7.55 7.50 7.50 9.00 8.25 8.00 8.00 11.00 9.50 9.50 9.50 16.89 11.00 10.00 10.00 42.56 13.58 11.00 11.00 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Financial clerks ................................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Customer service representatives .................................... Receptionists and information clerks ................................ Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ 11.31 11.25 10.25 12.02 11.50 13.91 15.00 11.15 13.12 12.00 12.14 14.76 12.65 15.00 15.00 16.55 15.29 13.72 14.99 15.68 14.00 15.11 15.55 17.50 17.50 15.43 16.50 17.32 16.01 18.64 22.48 19.48 20.89 16.50 16.50 21.42 16.01 23.08 26.46 19.48 Construction and extraction occupations ....................... 21.10 21.51 21.51 25.73 27.25 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... 15.17 16.88 18.53 18.53 24.66 Production occupations .................................................... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders .................................................................... 9.50 9.69 9.30 10.67 10.34 11.01 14.50 12.67 15.04 17.44 12.83 18.87 21.25 13.55 20.03 12.00 15.25 17.70 20.03 20.31 Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ 10.28 7.95 12.50 8.61 21.55 10.36 25.05 13.79 25.53 15.37 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ........................................... See footnotes at end of table. 15 Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued 10 25 Median 50 75 90 $8.61 $10.00 $13.79 $14.74 $16.73 Occupation2 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ........................................................................ 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 16 Table 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Occupation2 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $12.65 $15.63 $21.02 $34.78 $46.19 Management occupations ................................................. 25.10 26.34 38.00 40.55 40.55 Education, training, and library occupations .................. Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... Elementary school teachers, except special education ............................................................ Secondary school teachers .......................................... Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education ........................................... Teacher assistants ........................................................... 13.02 32.32 43.39 47.74 57.76 30.28 31.10 35.19 36.41 43.39 43.97 45.91 45.31 49.29 48.97 31.10 28.90 36.31 33.37 43.97 41.23 45.14 47.06 48.76 49.88 28.90 11.31 33.37 11.75 41.23 12.55 47.06 15.30 49.88 21.32 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Registered nurses ............................................................ 17.08 28.20 19.45 28.89 28.89 31.27 31.27 31.27 33.62 35.41 Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... 12.01 12.01 12.54 12.54 13.75 13.98 15.19 15.19 16.60 16.60 Protective service occupations ......................................... Police officers ................................................................... Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ................................. 15.54 14.15 14.15 19.18 19.66 19.66 22.87 23.20 23.20 24.91 23.40 23.40 28.66 26.51 26.51 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ 11.23 12.65 12.65 19.48 19.48 12.05 12.05 13.73 13.44 15.19 14.77 16.52 16.52 18.44 17.63 12.39 13.91 14.77 16.52 17.63 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Office clerks, general ........................................................ 13.19 13.86 15.18 15.31 17.18 16.08 18.78 18.78 20.67 18.78 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... 15.63 17.18 17.70 29.14 31.26 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ........................................... 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 17 Table 9. Full-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Full-time workers Occupation3 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $10.64 $14.70 $19.48 $26.62 $42.52 Management occupations ................................................. Education administrators .................................................. Education administrators, postsecondary ..................... 18.54 23.40 23.40 24.52 28.30 28.30 27.88 31.25 29.23 44.09 38.46 38.46 47.95 44.51 44.51 Business and financial operations occupations ............. Accountants and auditors ................................................. 20.38 20.11 23.60 22.96 33.99 43.75 48.06 48.06 85.03 48.06 Computer and mathematical science occupations ......... 28.71 30.00 36.20 36.97 41.83 Architecture and engineering occupations ..................... Engineers ......................................................................... 18.88 27.47 28.32 29.73 29.73 31.83 34.28 36.72 39.02 39.97 Community and social services occupations .................. 13.28 13.28 22.27 30.58 41.23 Education, training, and library occupations .................. Postsecondary teachers ................................................... Social sciences teachers, postsecondary ..................... Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ...................................................................... Elementary and middle school teachers ....................... Elementary school teachers, except special education ............................................................ Secondary school teachers .......................................... Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education ........................................... Teacher assistants ........................................................... 13.41 29.99 28.73 31.10 49.29 28.73 43.48 61.70 55.85 49.67 76.49 84.83 69.20 93.55 106.83 31.03 32.12 35.55 37.23 43.39 43.97 45.94 45.35 49.29 48.97 31.81 29.46 36.93 33.96 43.97 41.94 45.25 47.08 48.97 50.37 29.46 11.59 33.96 11.75 41.94 12.55 47.08 15.30 50.37 21.32 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Registered nurses ............................................................ 19.76 22.57 22.81 23.95 29.56 28.20 37.25 31.27 44.12 34.80 Healthcare support occupations ....................................... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .................... Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ...................... Psychiatric aides ........................................................... 9.87 9.77 9.58 12.27 12.30 12.01 9.77 13.09 13.98 13.38 12.00 15.19 15.19 15.19 13.18 15.19 16.60 16.60 14.63 16.60 Protective service occupations ......................................... Police officers ................................................................... Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ................................. Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............ Security guards ............................................................. 12.53 14.15 14.15 12.02 12.02 14.99 19.66 19.66 12.55 12.55 19.66 23.20 23.20 14.26 14.26 23.40 23.40 23.40 16.26 16.26 28.23 26.51 26.51 18.45 18.45 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Cooks ............................................................................... Cooks, institution and cafeteria .................................... 2.63 12.88 12.88 2.63 13.91 13.91 8.75 14.76 14.76 14.46 16.97 16.97 19.38 19.48 19.48 8.20 7.92 11.35 8.27 21.40 10.75 25.12 14.63 25.12 16.52 7.92 9.58 11.73 14.77 16.52 Sales and related occupations .......................................... 10.00 11.00 15.00 21.47 46.19 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Financial clerks ................................................................. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ............. Customer service representatives .................................... Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................ Executive secretaries and administrative assistants .... Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........ Office clerks, general ........................................................ 12.50 11.69 12.89 15.68 13.91 15.06 15.00 13.81 15.00 13.72 14.99 15.68 15.00 15.06 15.00 15.82 16.50 15.72 16.50 16.64 16.23 17.18 15.55 17.50 18.44 16.98 16.98 18.50 20.52 20.67 22.48 18.78 22.50 18.00 17.18 22.50 23.32 21.92 26.46 19.48 Construction and extraction occupations ....................... Electricians ....................................................................... 18.71 20.37 21.19 21.19 21.51 23.88 25.73 24.13 25.73 24.13 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......... 15.54 16.88 18.53 18.53 29.14 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations .................................................................. Building cleaning workers ................................................. Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ........................................... See footnotes at end of table. 18 Table 9. Full-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued Full-time workers Occupation3 10 25 Median 50 75 90 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ....................................................................... $11.25 $13.25 $16.00 $21.41 $29.34 Production occupations .................................................... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ...... Miscellaneous production workers ................................... 9.64 9.69 9.45 11.00 10.34 11.38 14.74 12.67 15.04 17.69 12.83 18.87 21.50 13.55 20.03 Transportation and material moving occupations .......... Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ............................. Laborers and material movers, hand ................................ 10.50 10.50 8.61 15.52 15.23 10.99 21.55 23.02 13.79 25.16 25.53 15.37 25.53 26.62 17.07 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 19 Table 10. Part-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Part-time workers Occupation3 10 25 Median 50 75 90 All workers .............................................................................. $6.75 $7.69 $9.50 $12.00 $15.29 Education, training, and library occupations .................. Postsecondary teachers ................................................... 8.89 21.90 9.63 21.90 13.75 30.00 25.00 30.00 25.00 30.00 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........ Registered nurses ............................................................ 22.00 26.23 25.00 28.12 28.41 31.20 31.37 33.25 37.02 38.12 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........ Food preparation workers ................................................. Food service, tipped ......................................................... Waiters and waitresses ................................................ 2.63 7.95 2.63 2.63 2.75 8.25 2.63 2.63 7.00 8.25 2.75 2.75 8.00 10.36 5.54 2.75 9.48 13.65 5.54 2.75 Personal care and service occupations ........................... 6.75 8.00 10.00 10.50 10.75 Sales and related occupations .......................................... Retail sales workers ......................................................... Cashiers, all workers .................................................... Cashiers ................................................................... 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.75 7.75 7.75 7.75 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 9.50 9.50 9.50 9.50 10.43 10.43 10.30 10.30 Office and administrative support occupations .............. Financial clerks ................................................................. Receptionists and information clerks ................................ 9.75 9.75 11.21 11.20 10.55 12.25 13.15 12.00 13.31 15.11 12.62 14.00 15.29 13.55 14.00 Transportation and material moving occupations .......... 7.80 8.55 10.28 10.36 12.05 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 20 Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $748 39.2 $46,273 $38,911 1,969 1,381 1,255 1,102 1,298 38.5 37.9 71,789 65,256 57,325 67,502 2,004 1,969 29.23 1,218 1,250 37.6 63,341 65,000 1,955 40.55 35.23 33.99 43.75 1,608 1,380 1,530 1,750 39.6 39.2 83,600 71,758 79,537 91,000 2,062 2,037 Computer and mathematical science occupations .................................... 35.03 36.20 1,390 1,448 39.7 72,268 75,286 2,063 Architecture and engineering occupations .................................... Engineers ........................................... 29.33 32.47 29.73 31.83 1,201 1,369 1,189 1,298 41.0 42.2 62,471 71,197 61,830 67,519 2,130 2,193 Community and social services occupations .................................... 24.01 22.27 932 891 38.8 45,750 46,320 1,906 43.39 65.85 43.48 61.70 1,492 2,386 1,446 2,451 34.4 36.2 56,726 92,864 52,651 94,488 1,307 1,410 61.78 55.85 2,102 1,955 34.0 82,073 76,260 1,328 41.14 43.39 1,400 1,446 34.0 51,878 52,651 1,261 41.76 43.97 1,406 1,446 33.7 52,045 52,651 1,246 41.66 40.55 43.97 41.94 1,402 1,393 1,446 1,422 33.7 34.4 51,931 51,811 52,651 53,070 1,247 1,278 40.55 13.76 41.94 12.55 1,393 428 1,422 411 34.4 31.1 51,811 16,077 53,070 14,909 1,278 1,168 39.51 27.94 29.56 28.20 1,497 1,050 1,108 987 37.9 37.6 77,482 54,014 57,621 49,899 1,961 1,933 13.79 13.98 524 544 38.0 27,057 28,288 1,962 13.32 13.38 505 506 37.9 26,254 26,320 1,972 11.83 14.50 12.00 15.19 433 567 432 571 36.6 39.1 22,491 29,459 22,445 29,707 1,902 2,031 20.10 21.81 21.81 19.66 23.20 23.20 800 840 840 806 901 901 39.8 38.5 38.5 41,621 43,662 43,662 41,889 46,853 46,853 2,071 2,002 2,002 14.62 14.62 14.26 14.26 583 583 570 570 39.9 39.9 30,306 30,306 29,661 29,661 2,073 2,073 Food preparation and serving related occupations .................................... Cooks ................................................. Cooks, institution and cafeteria ...... 9.16 15.52 15.52 8.75 14.76 14.76 364 617 617 350 580 580 39.7 39.7 39.7 18,511 29,765 29,765 18,546 29,474 29,474 2,021 1,917 1,917 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations ............. Building cleaning workers ................... 18.57 11.70 21.40 10.75 740 464 856 429 39.8 39.7 38,460 24,118 44,512 22,318 2,071 2,062 Mean Median Mean Median All workers ................................................ $23.50 $19.48 $920 Management occupations ................... Education administrators .................... Education administrators, postsecondary .......................... 35.83 33.14 27.88 31.25 32.39 Business and financial operations occupations .................................... Accountants and auditors ................... Education, training, and library occupations .................................... Postsecondary teachers ..................... Social sciences teachers, postsecondary .......................... Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ............ Elementary and middle school teachers .................................... Elementary school teachers, except special education ...... Secondary school teachers ............ Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education .............................. Teacher assistants ............................. Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations .................................... Registered nurses .............................. Healthcare support occupations ......... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ............................................. Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ................................. Psychiatric aides ............................. Protective service occupations ........... Police officers ..................................... Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ... Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ...................... Security guards ............................... See footnotes at end of table. 21 Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $469 40.0 $25,428 $24,398 2,080 825 600 39.8 42,888 31,200 2,068 16.50 15.72 662 590 640 600 39.2 38.4 34,212 30,692 33,280 31,181 2,024 1,996 15.62 17.76 16.50 16.64 596 700 637 660 38.1 39.4 30,975 36,392 33,111 34,320 1,983 2,049 17.44 16.23 678 653 38.9 35,045 34,008 2,009 18.18 17.18 698 699 38.4 36,273 36,338 1,996 18.06 17.07 15.55 17.50 697 670 614 700 38.6 39.2 35,805 34,571 32,885 36,400 1,983 2,025 22.68 22.34 21.51 23.88 907 894 860 955 40.0 40.0 47,173 46,477 44,741 49,670 2,080 2,080 19.30 18.53 771 741 39.9 40,067 38,542 2,076 17.28 16.00 677 640 39.2 35,227 33,280 2,038 15.70 14.74 624 580 39.7 32,425 30,160 2,065 11.96 15.12 12.67 15.04 478 566 507 584 40.0 37.5 24,872 29,454 26,354 30,372 2,080 1,948 19.92 21.55 836 862 42.0 43,482 44,820 2,183 20.74 13.51 23.02 13.79 924 540 1,021 552 44.5 40.0 48,034 28,101 53,102 28,683 2,316 2,080 Mean Median Mean Median Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners .................................... $12.23 $11.73 $489 Sales and related occupations ............ 20.73 15.00 16.91 15.38 Office and administrative support occupations .................................... Financial clerks ................................... Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks ........................... Customer service representatives ...... Secretaries and administrative assistants ...................................... Executive secretaries and administrative assistants .......... Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........................... Office clerks, general .......................... Construction and extraction occupations .................................... Electricians ......................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................... Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers ......................................... Production occupations ...................... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders .................. Miscellaneous production workers ..... Transportation and material moving occupations .................................... Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ........................................... Laborers and material movers, hand .. Annual earnings5 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 22 Table 12. Full-time1 private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $734 39.6 $46,388 $37,960 2,045 1,374 1,207 1,102 1,250 38.5 37.6 71,427 62,788 57,325 65,000 2,001 1,956 29.23 1,207 1,250 37.6 62,788 65,000 1,956 42.79 39.86 1,709 1,750 39.9 88,847 91,000 2,076 Computer and mathematical science occupations .................................... 34.94 36.20 1,388 1,448 39.7 72,162 75,286 2,065 Architecture and engineering occupations .................................... Engineers ........................................... 31.67 32.24 29.73 31.83 1,331 1,371 1,189 1,273 42.0 42.5 69,234 71,305 61,830 66,213 2,186 2,212 56.12 72.04 41.14 75.31 1,909 2,364 1,909 2,698 34.0 32.8 79,047 93,627 76,239 107,317 1,409 1,300 61.78 55.85 2,102 1,955 34.0 82,073 76,260 1,328 41.00 27.36 29.56 25.74 1,552 1,023 1,108 910 37.9 37.4 80,708 53,208 57,621 47,324 1,969 1,945 13.55 13.89 503 540 37.1 26,158 28,061 1,930 12.40 12.47 447 438 36.1 23,260 22,764 1,876 13.70 13.03 545 521 39.8 28,358 27,109 2,070 13.70 13.70 13.03 13.03 545 545 521 521 39.8 39.8 28,358 28,358 27,109 27,109 2,070 2,070 7.91 9.58 5.00 8.74 315 378 200 350 39.8 39.4 16,068 19,654 10,400 18,179 2,032 2,051 9.92 9.58 397 383 40.0 20,634 19,918 2,080 20.73 15.00 825 600 39.8 42,888 31,200 2,068 16.84 14.47 17.76 16.01 14.99 16.64 666 566 700 640 574 660 39.5 39.1 39.4 34,566 29,430 36,392 33,280 29,837 34,320 2,053 2,034 2,049 17.12 15.06 670 602 39.1 34,602 31,325 2,021 18.06 15.55 697 614 38.6 35,805 32,885 1,983 Construction and extraction occupations .................................... 23.43 21.51 937 860 40.0 48,737 44,741 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................... 18.70 18.53 746 741 39.9 38,818 38,542 2,076 15.52 14.50 616 580 39.7 32,031 30,160 2,064 11.96 15.12 12.67 15.04 478 566 507 584 40.0 37.5 24,872 29,454 26,354 30,372 2,080 1,948 Mean Median Mean Median All workers ................................................ $22.68 $18.54 $898 Management occupations ................... Education administrators .................... Education administrators, postsecondary .......................... 35.69 32.11 27.56 29.23 32.11 Business and financial operations occupations .................................... Education, training, and library occupations .................................... Postsecondary teachers ..................... Social sciences teachers, postsecondary .......................... Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations .................................... Registered nurses .............................. Healthcare support occupations ......... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ............................................. Protective service occupations ........... Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ...................... Security guards ............................... Food preparation and serving related occupations .................................... Building cleaning workers ................... Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners .................................... Sales and related occupations ............ Office and administrative support occupations .................................... Financial clerks ................................... Customer service representatives ...... Secretaries and administrative assistants ...................................... Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........................... Production occupations ...................... Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders .................. Miscellaneous production workers ..... See footnotes at end of table. 23 Table 12. Full-time1 private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Springfield, MA, September 2006 — Continued Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Transportation and material moving occupations .................................... Laborers and material movers, hand .. Mean Median Mean Median $19.86 13.51 $21.55 13.79 $835 540 $862 552 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours 42.0 40.0 $43,396 28,101 $44,820 28,683 2,186 2,080 paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 24 Table 13. Full-time1 State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $861 37.5 $45,880 $42,962 1,709 1,526 1,520 39.5 79,333 79,040 2,056 43.55 1,405 1,446 34.5 52,490 52,651 1,288 41.14 43.39 1,400 1,446 34.0 51,878 52,651 1,261 41.76 43.97 1,406 1,446 33.7 52,045 52,651 1,246 41.66 40.55 43.97 41.94 1,402 1,393 1,446 1,422 33.7 34.4 51,931 51,811 52,651 53,070 1,247 1,278 40.55 13.76 41.94 12.55 1,393 428 1,422 411 34.4 31.1 51,811 16,077 53,070 14,909 1,278 1,168 26.82 31.05 28.89 31.27 1,023 1,194 987 1,251 38.2 38.5 50,952 58,132 46,060 65,042 1,900 1,872 Mean Median Mean Median All workers ................................................ $26.84 $21.24 $1,007 Management occupations ................... 38.59 38.00 40.75 Education, training, and library occupations .................................... Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers ............ Elementary and middle school teachers .................................... Elementary school teachers, except special education ...... Secondary school teachers ............ Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education .............................. Teacher assistants ............................. Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations .................................... Registered nurses .............................. Annual earnings5 Healthcare support occupations ......... Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ............................................. 14.15 13.98 557 559 39.4 28,485 28,600 2,013 14.19 14.28 566 571 39.9 29,424 29,707 2,073 Protective service occupations ........... Police officers ..................................... Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ... 22.47 21.81 21.81 22.87 23.20 23.20 895 840 840 901 901 901 39.8 38.5 38.5 46,528 43,662 43,662 46,851 46,853 46,853 2,071 2,002 2,002 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations ............. Building cleaning workers ................... Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners .................................... 14.95 14.95 14.77 14.77 598 598 591 591 40.0 40.0 31,087 31,087 30,722 30,722 2,080 2,080 15.11 14.77 604 591 40.0 31,425 30,722 2,080 Office and administrative support occupations .................................... Office clerks, general .......................... 17.18 16.34 17.18 16.08 647 606 644 574 37.6 37.1 32,788 30,673 33,507 29,849 1,908 1,877 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................... 21.77 17.70 871 708 40.0 45,278 36,816 2,080 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 25 Table 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings1 of private industry establishments for major occupational groups, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Occupational group2 Total 1-99 workers 100-499 workers 500 workers or more All workers .................................................................... $19.99 $18.25 $19.24 $27.02 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 37.24 37.82 36.84 11.51 16.07 16.45 15.74 21.83 23.23 18.70 16.81 15.32 18.75 42.75 34.15 50.91 11.61 16.75 17.87 15.58 – – – 17.66 14.81 19.93 30.68 36.01 26.60 9.69 12.93 9.21 16.39 – – – 15.58 15.85 14.95 39.56 43.23 37.73 14.20 17.24 – 15.69 – – – 15.72 15.63 16.02 Relative error3 (percent) All workers .................................................................... 4.1 8.8 7.0 5.7 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 7.2 10.4 9.6 18.5 8.6 18.5 3.9 1.8 2.9 5.2 8.2 10.3 11.2 16.8 18.0 22.0 26.8 14.6 32.1 5.0 – – – 11.3 18.4 12.0 12.8 20.4 7.8 4.0 12.1 3.7 6.4 – – – 9.1 8.6 22.8 5.6 15.4 4.8 2.6 3.3 – 4.9 – – – 1.6 .9 5.5 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 26 Table 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time1 private industry workers, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $700 40.2 $44,555 $36,400 2,090 1,384 1,102 39.5 71,971 57,325 2,052 15.00 832 600 39.9 43,269 31,200 2,074 16.44 16.00 653 627 39.7 33,973 32,610 2,066 Production occupations .......................................... 15.17 13.25 607 530 40.0 31,553 27,560 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations ........................................................ 20.29 21.55 864 862 42.6 44,929 44,820 2,214 Mean Median Mean Median All workers .................................................................... $21.32 $17.50 $857 Management occupations ....................................... 35.08 27.56 Sales and related occupations ................................ 20.86 Office and administrative support occupations .... 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 27 Table 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time1 private industry workers, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Hourly earnings3 Weekly earnings4 Occupation2 Annual earnings5 Mean weekly hours Mean Median Mean annual hours $772 38.8 $48,601 $39,892 1,991 1,367 1,207 1,207 1,115 1,250 1,250 37.9 37.6 37.6 71,100 62,788 62,788 57,990 65,000 65,000 1,971 1,956 1,956 43.75 1,794 1,750 40.2 93,279 91,000 2,090 34.69 36.20 1,375 1,448 39.6 71,524 75,286 2,062 Architecture and engineering occupations ........... Engineers ............................................................... 31.67 32.24 29.73 31.83 1,331 1,371 1,189 1,273 42.0 42.5 69,234 71,305 61,830 66,213 2,186 2,212 Education, training, and library occupations ........ Postsecondary teachers ......................................... Social sciences teachers, postsecondary ........... 56.12 72.04 61.78 41.14 75.31 55.85 1,909 2,364 2,102 1,909 2,698 1,955 34.0 32.8 34.0 79,047 93,627 82,073 76,239 107,317 76,260 1,409 1,300 1,328 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........................................................ Registered nurses .................................................. 27.60 27.41 25.44 25.74 1,037 1,024 896 901 37.6 37.4 53,924 53,242 46,613 46,837 1,954 1,942 Healthcare support occupations ............................. Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides .......... 12.40 12.40 12.47 12.47 447 447 438 438 36.1 36.1 23,260 23,260 22,764 22,764 1,876 1,876 Protective service occupations ............................... Security guards and gaming surveillance officers .. Security guards ................................................... 13.70 13.70 13.70 13.03 13.03 13.03 545 545 545 521 521 521 39.8 39.8 39.8 28,358 28,358 28,358 27,109 27,109 27,109 2,070 2,070 2,070 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........................................................ 11.80 13.50 464 540 39.3 22,874 26,790 1,938 10.59 9.57 8.74 8.27 418 377 350 328 39.4 39.4 21,712 19,598 18,179 17,056 2,051 2,048 9.95 9.65 398 386 40.0 20,691 20,072 2,080 Office and administrative support occupations .... Secretaries and administrative assistants .............. 17.64 17.19 17.00 16.83 690 671 660 673 39.1 39.0 35,743 34,456 34,362 35,006 2,026 2,004 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ........................................................ 23.34 21.41 926 856 39.7 48,165 44,537 2,063 Production occupations .......................................... Miscellaneous production workers ......................... 15.78 16.94 15.31 17.70 623 604 602 584 39.5 35.7 32,395 31,433 31,283 30,372 2,053 1,855 Transportation and material moving occupations ........................................................ 18.07 17.28 722 690 39.9 37,538 35,880 2,077 Mean Median Mean Median All workers .................................................................... $24.40 $20.10 $948 Management occupations ....................................... Education administrators ........................................ Education administrators, postsecondary ........... 36.08 32.11 32.11 28.30 29.23 29.23 Business and financial operations occupations ... 44.63 Computer and mathematical science occupations ........................................................ Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations ........................................................ Building cleaning workers ....................................... Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ................................. 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 28 Table 17. Union1 and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for major occupational groups, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Union Nonunion Civilian workers Private industry workers State and local government workers Civilian workers Private industry workers State and local government workers All workers .................................................................... $23.06 $19.62 $26.64 $20.14 $20.08 $22.86 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 37.30 – 37.87 17.73 14.34 – 16.62 22.21 22.69 20.31 19.94 16.17 21.14 30.76 – 30.76 11.18 12.24 – 15.82 22.85 – – 19.79 15.03 21.20 37.81 – 38.46 18.38 17.12 – 17.12 19.86 – 21.77 – – – 37.14 37.79 36.69 11.55 16.54 17.46 15.75 18.83 – 18.27 14.99 15.38 13.67 37.43 37.82 37.16 11.52 16.54 17.46 15.74 18.83 – 18.27 14.99 15.38 13.68 31.16 36.86 28.19 12.59 – – – – – – – – – Occupational group3 Relative error4 (percent) All workers .................................................................... 1.5 4.3 1.6 4.8 4.9 15.7 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 5.8 – 4.8 9.9 8.4 – 5.6 2.7 2.3 9.9 8.5 9.3 7.5 2.0 – 2.0 6.7 16.7 – 14.9 3.6 – – 9.4 8.6 7.7 6.2 – 5.2 9.7 3.5 – 3.5 7.7 – 16.2 – – – 7.1 10.0 9.7 18.4 10.5 23.8 4.1 7.0 – 6.7 9.0 10.8 10.9 7.3 10.4 10.0 19.1 10.7 23.8 4.2 7.0 – 6.7 9.0 10.8 10.9 10.7 7.1 11.7 5.0 – – – – – – – – – 1 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 29 Table 18. Time and incentive workers1: Mean hourly earnings2 for major occupational groups, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Time Occupational group3 Incentive Civilian workers Private industry workers Civilian workers Private industry workers All workers .................................................................... $20.86 $19.77 $28.17 $28.17 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 37.14 37.26 37.09 12.97 15.57 15.03 15.94 21.49 – 19.30 16.46 15.51 17.87 37.18 37.82 36.73 11.51 15.43 15.03 15.74 21.83 23.23 18.70 16.32 15.32 17.82 – – – – 29.30 29.30 – – – – – – – – – – – 29.30 29.30 – – – – – – – Relative error4 (percent) All workers .................................................................... 3.4 4.2 14.1 14.1 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 5.3 9.9 6.0 12.4 9.3 24.4 3.2 1.9 – 5.7 7.0 9.9 10.1 7.2 10.4 9.8 18.5 10.2 24.4 3.9 1.8 2.9 5.2 7.3 10.3 10.6 – – – – 22.9 22.9 – – – – – – – – – – – 22.9 22.9 – – – – – – – 1 Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary. Incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 30 Table 19. Industry sector1: Mean hourly earnings2 for private industry workers by major occupational group, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Goods producing Occupational group3 All workers ................................................ Management, professional, and related ............................................... Management, business, and financial ........................................ Professional and related ..................... Service .................................................... Sales and office ...................................... Sales and related ................................ Office and administrative support ....... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ..................................... Production, transportation, and material moving .............................................. Production .......................................... Transportation and material moving ... Service providing Construction Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Other services – – – – $30.61 – $24.65 $12.16 – – – – – 37.97 – 36.35 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 39.89 – – 25.22 – 15.33 – – – – – – 31.90 38.09 11.91 15.01 – 14.46 – – 12.04 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Relative error4 (percent) All workers ................................................ Management, professional, and related ............................................... Management, business, and financial ........................................ Professional and related ..................... Service .................................................... Sales and office ...................................... Sales and related ................................ Office and administrative support ....... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ..................................... Production, transportation, and material moving .............................................. Production .......................................... Transportation and material moving ... – – – – 5.0 – 2.9 34.5 – – – – – 8.5 – 11.3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.8 – – 13.5 – 8.2 – – – – – – 16.0 12.4 5.2 4.0 – 3.9 – – 36.0 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 Industry sectors are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. 31 Appendix A: Technical Note T able at the time the sample was selected. Approximately one-fifth of the sample is reselected each year. his section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data contained in this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for the survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing the data. Although this section answers some questions commonly asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive description of all of the steps required to produce the data. Sample design The sample for this survey area was selected using a twostage stratified design with probability proportional to employment sampling at each stage. The first stage of sample selection was a probability sample of establishments. The sample of establishments was drawn by first stratifying the sampling frame by industry and ownership. The number of sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the stratum employment. Each sampled establishment is selected within a stratum with a probability proportional to its employment. Use of this technique means that the larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of selection. Weights were applied to each establishment when the data were tabulated so that it represents similar units (by industry and employment size) in the economy that were not selected for collection. The second stage of sample selection, detailed below, was a probability sample of occupations within a sampled establishment. Planning for the survey The overall design of the National Compensation Survey (NCS) includes questions of scope, frame, and sample selection. Survey scope This survey covered establishments employing one worker or more in private goods-producing industries (mining, construction, and manufacturing); private service-providing industries (trade, transportation, and utilities, information, financial activities, professional and business services, education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and other services); State governments; and local governments employing 50 or more workers. Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, private households, and the Federal Government were excluded from the scope of the survey. For purposes of this survey, an establishment is an economic unit that produces goods or services, a central administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing support services to a company. For private industries in this survey, the establishment is usually at a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment is defined as all locations of a government agency within the sampled area. The Springfield, MA, Metropolitan Statistical Area includes: Data collection The collection of data from survey respondents required detailed procedures. Field economists collected the data, working out of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) Regional Offices and visiting each establishment surveyed. Other contact methods, such as mail and telephone, were used to clarify and update data. Occupational selection and classification Identification of the occupations for which wage data were to be collected was a multistep process: • One town in Franklin County • The cities of Agawam, Chicopee, Holyoke, Springfield, and Westfield, and 11 towns in Hampden County • The city of Northampton, and 11 towns in Hampshire County 1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs 2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system 3. Characterization of jobs as full-time or part-time, union or nonunion, and time or incentive 4. Determination of the level of work of each job Sampling frame The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State unemployment insurance reports. Due to the volatility of industries within the private sector, sampling frames were developed using the most recent month of reference avail- For each occupation, wage data were collected for those workers whose jobs could be characterized by the criteria A-1 identified in the last three steps. If a specific work level could not be determined, wages were still collected. In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each establishment by the BLS field economist. A complete list of employees was used for sampling, with each selected worker representing a job within the establishment. As with the selection of establishments, the selection of a job was based on probability proportional to its size in the establishment. The greater the number of people working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance of selection. The number of jobs for which data were collected in each establishment was based on the establishment’s employment size. The number of jobs selected followed this schedule: Number of employees Number of selected jobs 1–49 50–249 250 or more Up to 4 6 8 The second step of the process entailed classifying the selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. NCS uses the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. A selected job may fall into any one of about 800 occupational classifications, from accountant to zoologist. When workers could be classified in more than one occupation, they were classified in the occupation that required the higher skill level. When there was no perceptible difference in skill level, the workers were classified in the occupation that described their primary activity. Each occupational classification is an element of a broader classification known as a major group. Occupations can fall into any of 22 major groups. Appendix B contains a complete list of all individual occupations, classified by the major group to which they belong. In step three, certain other job characteristics of the chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was identified as holding either a full-time or part-time job, based on the establishment’s definition of those terms. Then, the worker was classified as having a time versus incentive job, depending on whether any part of pay was directly based on the actual production of the worker, rather than solely on hours worked. Finally, the worker was identified as being in a union job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition of terms” section on the following page for more detail. Occupational leveling In the last step before wage data were collected, the work level of each selected job was determined using a “point factor leveling” process. Point factor leveling matches certain aspects of a job to specific levels of work with assigned point values. Points for each factor are then totaled to determine the overall work level for the job. A-2 The NCS program is in the process of converting from a nine-factor to a four-factor occupational leveling system. The conversion is being phased in via annual NCS sample replenishment groups and will require several years for full implementation. The four occupational leveling factors are: • • • • Knowledge Job controls and complexity Contacts (nature and purpose) Physical environment Each factor consists of several levels, and each level has an associated description and assigned points. A knowledge guide for 24 families of closely related occupations contains short definitions of the point levels of knowledge expected for the occupations and presents relevant examples. The other three factors use identical descriptions for all occupational categories and contain a definition of each point level within each factor. The description within each factor best matching the job is chosen. The point levels within each factor are designed to describe the thresholds of distinct levels of work. When a job does not meet the full description of a point level, the next lowest point level is used. Points for the four factors are totaled to determine the overall work level. NCS publishes data for up to 15 work levels. Most supervisory occupations are evaluated based on their duties and responsibilities. A modified approach is used for professional and administrative supervisors when they direct professional work and are paid primarily to supervise. Such supervisory occupations are leveled based on the work level of the highest position reporting to them. For a complete description of point factor leveling, refer to the publication “National Compensation Survey: Guide for Evaluating Your Firm’s Jobs and Pay,” available at the BLS National Compensation Survey Internet site at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/sp/ncbr0004.pdf. Combined work levels This bulletin includes a table which simplifies the presentation of work levels by combining them into four broad groups. The groups were determined by combinations of knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, physical environment, and supervisory duties, and are meant to be comparable across different occupations. The broad groups and the combined work levels are: Group designation Levels combined Group I Group II Group III Group IV Levels 1–4 Levels 5–8 Levels 9–12 Levels 13–15 Collection period Survey data were collected over a 13-month period for 60 metropolitan areas in the NCS program. For 20 small metropolitan areas, data were collected over a 4-month period. For each establishment in the survey, the data reflect the establishment’s most recent information at the time of collection. The payroll reference month shown in the tables reflects the average date of this information for all sample units. Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are solely tied to an hourly rate or salary. Earnings Earnings were defined as regular payments from the employer to the employee as compensation for straight-time hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The following components were included as part of earnings: Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation when all of the following conditions are met: • • • • • Incentive pay, including commissions, production bonuses, and piece rates Cost-of-living allowances Hazard pay Payments of income deferred due to participation in a salary reduction plan Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight or passengers The following forms of payments were not considered part of straight-time earnings: • • • • • • • Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for working a schedule that varies from the norm, such as night or weekend work Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends Bonuses not directly tied to production (such as Christmas and profit-sharing bonuses) Uniform and tool allowances Free or subsidized room and board Payments made by third parties (for example, tips) On-call pay To calculate earnings for various periods (hourly, weekly, and annual), data on work schedules also were collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours worked per day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were recorded. Annual weeks worked were determined. Because salaried workers who are exempt from overtime provisions often work beyond the assigned work schedule, their typical number of hours actually worked was collected. Definition of terms Full-time worker. Any employee whom the employer considers to be full time. Part-time worker. Any employee whom the employer considers to be part time. A-3 Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied, at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales. Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not meeting the conditions for union coverage. • • • A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining agent for all workers in the occupation Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed, mutually binding collective bargaining agreement Level. A ranking within an occupation based on the requirements of the position. Processing and analyzing the data Data were processed and analyzed at the BLS National Office following collection. Weighting and nonresponse Sample weights were calculated for each establishment and occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the relative size of the occupation within the establishment and of the establishment within the sample universe. Weights were used to aggregate data for the individual establishments or occupations into the various data series. Some of the establishments surveyed could not supply or refused to supply information. If data were not provided by a sample member during the initial interview, the weights of responding sample members in the same or similar “cells” were adjusted to account for the missing data. This technique assumes that the mean value of data for the nonrespondents equals the mean value of data for the respondents at some detailed “cell” level. Responding and nonresponding establishments were classified into these cells according to industry and employment size. Responding and nonresponding occupations within responding establishments were classified into cells that were additionally defined by major occupation group. If average hourly earnings data were not provided by a sample member during the update interview, then missing average hourly earnings were imputed by multiplying prior average hourly earnings by the rate of change in the average hourly earnings of respondents. The regression model that takes into account available establishment characteris- tics is used to derive the rate of change in the average hourly earnings. Establishments that were determined to be out of business or outside the scope of the survey had their weights changed to zero. Estimation The wage series in the tables are computed by combining the wages for each sampled occupation. Before being combined, individual wage rates are weighted by the number of workers; the sample weight, adjusted for nonresponding establishments and other factors; and the occupation’s scheduled hours of work. The sample weight reflects the inverse of each unit’s probability of selection at each sample selection stage and four weight adjustment factors. The first factor adjusts for establishment nonresponse and the second factor adjusts for occupational nonresponse. The third factor adjusts for any special situations that may have occurred during data collection. The fourth factor, postratification, also called benchmarking, is introduced to adjust estimated employment totals to the current counts of employment by industry. The latest available employment counts were used to derive average hourly earnings in this publication. Not all calculated series met the criteria for publication. Before any series was published, it was reviewed to make sure that the number of observations underlying it was sufficient. This review prevented the publication of a series that could have revealed information about a specific establishment. Estimates of the number of workers represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study, and not the number actually surveyed. Because occupational structures among establishments differ, estimates of the number of workers obtained from the sample of establishments serve to indicate only the relative importance of the occupational groups studied. Percentiles The percentiles presented in tables 6 through 10 are computed using earnings reported for individual workers in sampled establishment jobs and their scheduled hours of work. Establishments in the survey may report only individual-worker earnings for each sampled job. For the calculation of percentile estimates, the individual-worker hourly earnings are appropriately weighted and then arrayed from lowest to highest. The published 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution within A-4 each published occupation. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Data reliability The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically selected probability sample. There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling and nonsampling. Sampling errors occur because observations come only from a sample and not from an entire population. The sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible samples of the same size that could have been selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from the different samples would differ from each other. A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error divided by the estimate. RSE data are provided alongside the earnings data in the bulletin tables. The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an example, suppose a table shows that mean hourly earnings for all workers were $17.75, with a relative standard error of 1.0 percent for this estimate. At the 90-percent level, the confidence interval for this estimate is from $17.46 to $18.04 ($17.75 minus and plus $0.29, where $0.29 is the product of 1.645 times 1.0 percent times $17.75). If all possible samples were selected to estimate the population value, the interval from each sample would include the true population value approximately 90 percent of the time. Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data obtained. Although they were not specifically measured, the nonsampling errors were expected to be minimal due to the extensive training of the field economists who gathered the survey data, computer edits of the data, and detailed data review. Appendix table 1. Number of workers1 represented by the survey, Springfield, MA, September 2006 Civilian workers Occupational group2 Private industry workers State and local government workers All workers .................................................................... 243,500 202,300 41,200 Management, professional, and related ..................... Management, business, and financial .................... Professional and related ......................................... Service ........................................................................ Sales and office .......................................................... Sales and related .................................................... Office and administrative support ........................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... Construction and extraction ................................... Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... Production, transportation, and material moving ........ Production .............................................................. Transportation and material moving ....................... 58,200 14,900 43,300 68,700 63,900 29,300 34,600 16,600 11,400 5,200 36,200 19,900 16,300 37,100 13,500 23,600 57,000 59,200 29,300 29,900 13,800 9,600 4,200 35,200 19,500 15,600 21,100 1,400 19,700 11,700 4,700 – 4,700 2,800 – 1,000 1,000 – – 1 The number of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of the number of workers provide a description of size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for comparison to other statistical series to measure employment trends or levels. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. A-5 Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response, Springfield, MA, September 2006 State and local government Establishments Total Private industry Total in sampling frame1 ................................................ 18,256 18,175 81 Total in sample ............................................................... Responding ............................................................ Refused or unable to provide data ......................... Out of business or not in survey scope .................. 153 109 31 13 136 93 31 12 17 16 0 1 1 The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State unemployment insurance reports and is based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). For private industries, an establishment is usually a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment is defined as all locations of a government entity. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. A-6
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