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Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT National Compensation Survey October 1998 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ U.S. Department of Labor Alexis M. Herman, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner July 1999 Bulletin 3095-17 Preface T For additional information regarding this survey, please contact the BLS Boston Regional Office at (617) 5652327. You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at: Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, 2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE, Room 4175, Washington, DC 20212-0001, or call (202) 606-6220, or send e-mail to ocltinfo@bls.gov. The data contained in this bulletin are also available at the BLS Internet site (http://stats.bls.gov/comhome.htm). Data are in three formats: an ASCII file containing the published table formats; an ASCII file containing positional columns of data for manipulation as a data base or spreadsheet; and a Portable Document Format (PDF) file containing the entire bulletin. Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 606-7828; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339. his bulletin provides results of an October 1998 survey of occupational pay in the Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). Data shown in this bulletin were collected as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) new program known as the National Compensation Survey (NCS). The survey could not have been conducted without the cooperation of the many private firms and government jurisdictions that provided pay data included in this bulletin. The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation. Survey data were collected and reviewed by Bureau of Labor Statistics field economists under the direction of John Barry, Assistant Regional Commissioner for Operations of the Boston Regional Office. The Office of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation with the Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office, designed the survey, processed the data, and analyzed the survey results. iii Contents Page Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ Wages in the Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, CMSA ...................................................... 1 2 Tables: A-1. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, all industries ........................................... A-2. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, private industry and State and local government........................................................................................................... A-3. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers, all industries ................................................................................................................................. A-4. Weekly and annual earnings and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only, all industries ............................................................................................ B-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and levels, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................ B-2. Mean hourly earnings for selected occupations and levels, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................ C-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and selected characteristics, all industries ................................................................................................................................. C-2. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers ......................................................................................................... C-3. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and establishment employment size, private industry, all workers ......................................................................................................... C-4. Number of workers represented by occupational group ............................................................... 4 8 12 16 19 24 30 31 32 33 Appendix A: Technical Note ..................................................................................................................................... Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied and represented............................................ Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors...................................................................................... Appendix table 3. Average work levels ........................................................................................... v 34 38 39 43 Introduction T NCS more extensive than OCS The wage data in this bulletin differ from those in previous Occupational Compensation Surveys by providing broader coverage of occupations and establishments within the survey area. Occupations surveyed for this bulletin were selected using probability techniques from a list of all those present in each establishment. Previous OCS bulletins were limited to a preselected list of occupations, which represented a small subset of all occupations in the economy. Information in the new bulletin is published for a variety of occupation-based data. This new approach includes data on broad occupational classifications such as white-collar workers, major occupational groups such as sales workers, and individual occupations such as cashiers. In tables containing work levels within occupational series, the work levels are derived from generic standards that apply to all occupational groups. The job levels in the OCS bulletins were based on narrowly-defined descriptions that were not comparable across specific occupations. Occupational data in this bulletin are also tabulated for other classifications such as industry group, full-time versus part-time workers, union versus nonunion status, time versus incentive status, and establishment employment size. Not all of these series were generated by the OCS program. The establishments surveyed for this bulletin were limited to those with 50 or more employees. Eventually, NCS will be expanded to cover those now-excluded establishments. Then, virtually all workers in the civilian economy will be surveyed, excluding only agriculture, private households, and employees of the Federal Government. his survey of occupational pay was conducted in the Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). The CMSA includes Essex County, Middlesex County, Norfolk County, Plymouth County, Suffolk County, twelve communities in Bristol County, one in Hampden County, and fifty-two in Worcester County, MA; eighteen in Hillsborough County, two in Merrimack County, thirty-four in Rockingham County, and ten in Strafford County, NH; five in York County, ME; and one in Windham County, CT. This bulletin consists primarily of tables whose data are analyzed in the initial textual section. Tabulations provide information on earnings of workers in a variety of occupations and at a wide range of work levels. Also contained in this bulletin is information on the program, a technical note describing survey procedures, and several appendixes with detailed information on occupational classifications and the generic leveling methodology. NCS design and products The Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) new National Compensation Survey (NCS) is designed to provide data on the levels and rates of change of occupational wages and employee benefits for localities, broad geographic regions, and the nation as a whole. One output of the NCS will be the Employment Cost Index, a quarterly measure of the change in employer costs for wages and benefits. This bulletin is limited to data on wages and salaries. These data are similar to those released under the Occupational Compensation Survey (OCS), which has been discontinued. 1 Wages in the Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area S Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT earned $17.65 per hour, while surveyed State and local government workers averaged $21.01. Table A-2 reports the average hourly rate for white-collar occupations as $21.21 in private industry and $23.57 in State and local government. Blue-collar occupations showed an average hourly rate of $14.04 in private industry and $18.00 in State and local government. Service occupations within private industry averaged $9.17 per hour while those found in State and local government averaged $16.37. traight-time wages in the Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area averaged $18.20 per hour during October 1998. White-collar workers had an average wage of $21.60 per hour. Blue-collar workers averaged $14.38 per hour, while service workers had average earnings of $11.00 per hour. (All hourly rates in this summary cover both full- and parttime workers, unless otherwise noted.) Chart 1. Average hourly wage rates by occupational group, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 Chart 2. Average hourly rates for private industry and State and local government, Boston-WorcesterLawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 Dollars per hour $ 25 Dollars per hour $ 25 20 20 15 15 10 10 5 5 0 Whitecollar Bluecollar Service workers 0 White-collar Private industry Within each of these occupational groups, average hourly wages for individual occupations were estimated. For example, white-collar occupations included registered nurses at $22.71 per hour, secretaries at $15.18, and general office clerks at $12.91. Among occupations in the blue-collar category, truck drivers averaged $15.31 per hour while stock handlers and baggers averaged $8.79. Finally, service occupations included janitors and cleaners at $10.80 per hour and kitchen workers, food preparation at $8.28. Table A-1 presents earnings data for 144 detailed occupations; data for other detailed occupations surveyed could not be reported separately due to concerns about the confidentiality of survey respondents and the reliability of the data. Survey results show that private industry workers in Blue-collar Service State and local government Table A-3 presents data for workers considered by the survey respondents to be either full-time or part-time. Average wages for full-time workers, all occupations, were $19.26 per hour, compared with an average of $10.82 per hour for part-time workers. Data for specific work levels within major occupational groups are reported in table B-1. Occasionally, wage estimates for lower levels of work within major occupational groups are greater than estimates for higher levels. This can occur due to the mix of specific occupations (and industries) represented by the broad group as well as by the variability of the estimate. Some levels within a group may not be published because no workers were identified at that 2 wages averaged $18.54 in mining. Hourly wages averaged $17.05 in all service-producing industries, $19.56 in transportation, and public utilities, $12.37 in wholesale and retail trade, and $18.14 in services. Data for other industry divisions did not meet publication criteria. Table C-4 reports that a total of 1,523,887 workers were represented by the Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NHME-CT survey. White-collar occupations included 925,728 workers, or 61 percent; blue-collar occupations included 315,007 workers, or 21 percent; and service occupations included 283,152 workers, or 19 percent. level or because there were not enough data to guarantee confidentiality and reliability. Work levels for all major groups span several levels, with professional specialty occupations and executive, administrative, and managerial occupations typically starting and ending at higher work levels than the other groups. Published data for administrative support occupations, including clerical, ranged from level 1 to level 9. As illustrated in Chart 3, the average hourly rate was $8.96 for level 2, $12.41 for level 4, $15.55 for level 6, and $18.40 for level 8. Chart 4. Distribution of workers represented by occupational group, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MANH-ME-CT, October 1998 Chart 3. Average hourly rates by work level for administrative support occupations, including clerical, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 Percent 70 Dollars per hour $20 60 50 15 40 10 30 20 5 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 Level Surveyed union workers had an average hourly rate of $18.92, as reported in table C-1. Wages for nonunion workers averaged $17.96. Time workers, whose wages were based solely on an hourly rate or a salary, averaged $18.13 per hour. Incentive workers, whose wages were at least partially based on productivity payments, averaged $22.43 per hour. Table C-2 shows wage data for specific industry divisions within private industry. In the private sector, hourly Whitecollar Bluecollar Service workers Data are also presented in appendix table 1 on the number of establishments studied by industry group and employment size. The relative standard errors of published mean hourly earnings for all industries, private industry, and State and local government are available in appendix table 2. The average work levels for published occupational groups and selected occupations are presented in appendix table 3. 3 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 All occupations ....................................................................... $18.20 All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 18.40 25 Median 50 $7.75 $10.41 $15.06 8.00 10.71 15.41 75 90 $22.62 22.88 $31.88 32.15 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... 21.60 22.32 9.00 10.01 12.57 13.43 18.50 19.49 27.33 28.02 37.74 38.06 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Civil engineers ...................................................... Industrial engineers .............................................. Mechanical engineers ........................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Operations and systems researchers and analysts .......................................................... Natural scientists ...................................................... Chemists, except biochemists .............................. Medical scientists ................................................. Health related occupations ....................................... Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Pharmacists .......................................................... Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. Medical science teachers ..................................... Business, commerce and marketing teachers ...... Art, drama and music teachers ............................. English teachers ................................................... Foreign language teachers ................................... Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified .. Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ......................... Teachers, except college and university .................. Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Librarians .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Social, recreation, and religious workers .................. Social workers ...................................................... Lawyers and judges .................................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Public relations specialists .................................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Technical occupations .................................................. Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians Radiological technicians ....................................... Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ........................... Drafters ................................................................. Computer programmers ....................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Administrators and officials, public administration 26.24 28.52 31.22 28.34 26.99 28.62 30.95 30.48 31.26 14.10 15.90 20.69 17.44 19.89 26.00 20.62 20.87 22.36 18.35 20.67 24.67 24.74 22.01 27.76 24.28 24.86 25.89 24.41 26.78 29.65 31.48 25.51 28.00 29.15 29.33 30.07 31.63 33.79 36.26 31.48 29.15 30.31 36.95 34.74 35.45 40.08 42.00 43.28 31.48 38.61 30.31 42.95 41.06 42.35 23.20 32.38 28.81 29.68 24.66 48.53 22.71 24.56 19.10 26.32 42.93 37.18 69.78 30.08 35.89 36.34 35.42 50.42 30.32 25.58 31.06 31.75 28.17 33.73 24.29 25.01 25.09 – 16.81 16.94 35.54 16.83 13.01 11.40 12.81 16.00 10.56 15.79 20.45 15.44 18.90 25.65 26.36 51.39 21.17 27.08 24.78 25.07 29.48 17.37 10.38 21.23 18.79 16.75 18.53 13.36 19.70 19.20 – 10.21 10.37 25.53 17.67 17.55 14.33 15.45 18.90 17.54 19.05 23.01 15.91 19.50 30.56 30.65 59.54 26.38 29.45 28.20 25.33 32.26 24.03 11.00 24.91 25.63 22.39 20.76 18.59 20.47 20.47 – 12.67 12.74 29.92 23.11 30.77 24.97 22.95 22.70 51.44 22.61 24.62 18.12 26.52 37.99 38.46 73.88 27.89 36.61 37.88 29.17 47.92 31.21 30.90 30.78 33.41 28.54 39.25 24.13 24.15 23.12 – 16.16 16.16 29.92 27.59 46.27 48.73 41.00 26.84 74.42 26.27 26.10 21.15 30.71 52.57 41.79 87.69 33.05 40.21 41.22 38.98 56.00 37.28 37.91 36.71 37.28 35.30 44.73 26.08 26.40 31.54 – 20.76 20.76 40.24 32.12 53.96 51.92 53.41 32.42 102.59 29.87 27.57 24.02 38.00 65.59 45.82 87.69 40.86 45.15 49.76 64.72 82.00 42.31 43.45 41.15 41.45 38.07 44.73 33.76 32.89 32.89 – 24.49 24.49 53.99 22.68 24.29 24.15 20.41 23.49 18.24 15.23 22.82 16.59 14.07 19.07 22.57 21.31 22.84 19.74 28.89 34.57 24.05 13.98 14.43 10.81 14.26 12.31 11.00 10.74 17.20 13.45 10.00 13.44 16.50 15.02 17.01 10.40 15.67 18.99 17.00 15.68 16.93 17.83 15.10 18.09 13.59 11.48 19.88 15.64 10.66 16.67 18.85 19.99 19.08 17.41 19.30 23.80 20.39 22.03 20.03 23.06 17.43 23.69 17.55 13.75 21.56 16.50 12.84 18.70 23.93 20.85 23.29 20.43 25.11 30.19 24.23 26.77 29.99 25.71 23.08 31.27 20.95 18.79 25.31 17.74 15.34 21.78 27.49 22.99 24.62 23.92 34.13 43.27 25.77 35.00 39.76 42.34 32.97 32.24 25.52 20.28 33.74 20.00 19.04 24.13 29.16 26.75 31.10 27.20 45.78 49.49 29.39 See footnotes at end of table. 4 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Financial managers .............................................. $34.57 $20.24 $22.77 $31.30 Personnel and labor relations managers .............. 38.77 17.34 22.36 29.00 Managers, marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... 41.59 22.93 31.71 39.51 Administrators, education and related fields ......... 33.43 19.19 24.67 29.77 Managers, medicine and health ........................... 27.64 15.34 21.10 26.44 Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. 38.17 21.15 26.69 34.13 Management related occupations ............................ 21.35 14.33 16.75 20.50 Accountants and auditors ..................................... 20.03 14.34 15.81 18.31 Other financial officers .......................................... 22.52 15.87 20.36 21.96 Management analysts .......................................... 24.54 17.79 18.06 21.63 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... 20.59 13.43 15.87 20.62 Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products .......................................................... 23.37 14.65 18.45 22.50 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ 19.90 13.84 16.44 18.95 Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ 22.23 14.42 17.55 20.53 Sales occupations ............................................................ 15.31 6.00 7.15 10.33 Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ 17.85 10.30 11.76 14.71 Sales occupations, other business services ......... 28.07 8.71 11.10 18.49 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. 35.73 12.46 19.62 30.29 Sales workers, apparel ......................................... 7.19 6.00 6.21 6.76 Sales workers, other commodities ........................ 9.95 5.70 6.35 8.00 Cashiers ............................................................... 8.47 5.60 6.25 7.16 Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ....................... 14.15 7.03 14.42 14.42 Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... 12.91 8.12 9.76 12.39 Supervisors, general office ................................... 17.78 13.34 14.46 18.17 Supervisors, financial records processing ............ 18.68 14.66 17.22 17.67 Computer operators .............................................. 16.50 11.29 12.46 17.44 Secretaries ........................................................... 15.18 10.24 12.46 14.94 Typists .................................................................. 13.15 10.00 11.74 14.32 Interviewers .......................................................... 11.40 9.13 10.02 11.15 Hotel clerks ........................................................... 9.54 7.49 8.25 8.97 Transportation ticket and reservation agents ....... 13.54 8.86 9.60 13.73 Receptionists ........................................................ 10.00 7.00 8.00 9.50 Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... 14.11 9.73 10.27 14.39 Order clerks .......................................................... 11.99 7.99 9.00 11.57 Library clerks ........................................................ 13.25 9.11 11.02 12.51 Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... 11.41 8.47 9.19 10.45 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... 12.69 9.48 10.75 12.36 Payroll and timekeeping clerks ............................. 12.50 8.71 10.07 12.63 Billing clerks .......................................................... 10.59 8.53 9.45 10.00 Telephone operators ............................................ 11.42 7.50 9.46 12.00 Mail clerks except postal service .......................... 8.75 7.50 7.73 8.02 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... 12.63 8.40 11.00 13.25 Stock and inventory clerks .................................... 15.92 12.07 13.93 16.28 Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators ................................................... 16.04 12.11 13.19 15.00 Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... 13.02 9.81 10.84 12.04 Bill and account collectors .................................... 12.35 10.00 10.00 12.00 General office clerks ............................................. 12.91 8.60 10.80 13.12 Data entry keyers ................................................. 11.48 8.50 10.00 11.51 Teachers’ aides .................................................... 11.03 8.08 9.12 10.30 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... 13.46 7.73 10.05 12.10 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... See footnotes at end of table. 5 14.38 18.37 18.13 20.36 7.75 11.54 14.00 13.80 10.01 13.80 14.00 13.80 13.50 17.71 19.58 23.09 75 90 $45.00 29.00 $45.81 82.69 45.31 45.15 30.69 44.95 24.04 21.15 25.63 28.02 56.77 46.59 37.63 57.69 28.30 27.01 28.08 36.06 25.29 28.56 27.12 22.31 25.11 16.33 17.37 32.93 30.00 26.93 28.30 28.79 21.15 54.60 41.93 8.21 11.65 9.10 16.11 15.33 18.99 18.27 19.49 18.13 14.75 12.55 10.86 16.67 11.01 17.10 15.13 16.36 12.02 14.23 14.00 11.05 12.84 9.23 14.93 18.04 67.38 8.85 15.13 14.21 17.68 18.45 24.04 25.00 22.03 19.98 14.75 14.56 11.80 19.28 14.73 21.15 16.80 17.74 17.49 17.07 18.46 14.50 12.84 10.04 15.64 19.13 18.58 14.46 14.34 14.78 13.47 11.43 18.68 21.17 19.62 15.29 16.70 13.47 13.84 19.80 17.53 22.27 20.37 24.60 22.96 26.32 20.94 24.60 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Precision production, craft, and repair occupations (-Continued) Industrial machinery repairers .............................. $15.37 $12.70 $13.64 $14.45 Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... 19.04 13.50 16.35 18.47 Carpenters ............................................................ 21.69 15.59 17.47 22.00 Electricians ........................................................... 22.44 13.71 16.30 24.86 Electrical power installers and repairers ............... 24.45 21.93 22.75 24.81 Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters .................. 19.76 13.31 15.91 21.19 Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. 17.39 9.60 13.65 16.09 Supervisors, production occupations .................... 19.03 11.84 15.15 19.35 Machinists ............................................................. 18.96 15.56 17.19 19.51 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers .. 11.98 8.28 10.40 11.54 Butchers and meat cutters .................................... 14.20 9.73 10.84 14.31 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. 11.95 7.86 9.19 11.81 Molding and casting machine operators ............... 9.99 8.09 8.21 8.96 Printing press operators ....................................... 14.15 9.00 11.04 14.91 Textile sewing machine operators ........................ 9.83 7.00 7.66 9.30 Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators 7.84 6.00 6.25 7.10 Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... 12.15 8.13 9.98 12.35 Welders and cutters .............................................. 15.39 12.58 14.21 15.63 Assemblers ........................................................... 9.17 6.75 8.08 9.08 Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. 11.04 7.42 8.52 9.82 Production testers ................................................. 11.09 8.62 9.00 11.59 Transportation and material moving occupations ............. 15.64 10.00 12.02 15.02 Truck drivers ......................................................... 15.31 10.50 11.62 15.50 Bus drivers ............................................................ 15.06 9.00 12.60 13.50 Excavating and loading machine operators .......... 24.03 18.65 21.26 25.56 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. 11.62 7.13 9.30 12.40 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... 11.41 6.50 7.35 10.05 Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... 12.44 8.13 12.02 12.58 Construction laborers ........................................... 19.51 11.76 15.29 20.15 Stock handlers and baggers ................................. 8.79 5.60 6.55 8.50 Machine feeders and offbearers ........................... 11.18 6.65 7.76 12.36 Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... 10.76 7.18 7.27 10.50 Hand packers and packagers ............................... 8.95 6.00 7.00 8.00 Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... 11.45 6.67 8.99 10.67 Service occupations ........................................................... Protective service occupations ................................. Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention occupations .................................................... Supervisors, police and detectives ....................... Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Guards and police except public service .............. Protective service occupations, N.E.C. ................ Food service occupations ......................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Bartenders ............................................................ Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Cooks ................................................................... Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Health service occupations ....................................... Health aides, except nursing ................................ Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Cleaning and building service occupations .............. Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers ........................................................... Maids and housemen ........................................... Janitors and cleaners ........................................... See footnotes at end of table. 6 75 90 $17.05 21.77 24.82 27.10 25.57 21.81 20.75 22.53 20.71 14.13 17.57 14.15 11.26 15.82 11.76 10.00 13.68 16.30 10.18 12.91 12.47 19.70 17.53 21.40 26.42 13.20 13.95 13.95 21.74 10.12 13.54 11.75 9.97 13.41 $19.90 24.68 25.98 29.53 27.82 26.08 30.66 25.81 21.91 15.52 19.85 15.97 14.70 19.20 13.20 10.71 15.56 18.16 12.36 15.97 13.43 22.12 21.12 21.40 26.42 13.62 20.15 15.44 25.80 12.22 15.45 16.02 14.88 17.17 11.00 14.80 6.10 7.50 7.74 8.50 9.81 15.16 13.02 19.43 18.68 22.45 23.42 26.69 17.42 18.83 8.94 8.23 7.54 19.10 20.43 13.13 13.78 7.00 7.50 2.63 19.10 23.01 14.95 17.15 7.50 7.59 4.62 24.40 26.06 17.13 19.25 8.00 8.00 7.00 26.53 33.19 20.46 20.37 9.52 8.00 9.96 27.30 33.19 22.70 21.94 11.66 8.50 12.21 14.53 6.62 3.55 10.37 7.31 8.28 5.22 7.46 10.44 10.35 10.41 10.81 11.00 3.00 2.63 7.00 5.82 6.00 4.25 5.75 8.42 8.27 8.42 7.03 12.50 3.80 2.63 8.45 6.00 6.50 4.25 6.50 9.04 8.81 9.08 8.45 12.58 7.16 2.63 10.24 6.48 7.50 5.25 7.00 10.10 9.66 10.20 9.31 17.79 10.12 2.65 12.00 7.56 9.40 5.50 8.21 11.88 10.90 11.93 13.05 21.00 10.12 6.82 13.19 11.54 11.90 8.80 9.75 12.57 13.79 12.09 15.36 16.12 8.51 10.80 8.80 6.67 7.18 9.00 7.35 8.65 14.65 7.75 9.58 24.76 9.49 13.05 27.04 11.00 15.17 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 Service occupations (-Continued) Personal service occupations ................................... $11.22 Welfare service aides ........................................... 10.11 Child care workers, N.E.C. ................................... 8.59 Service occupations, N.E.C. ................................. 10.19 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one $6.12 6.70 6.38 6.74 25 Median 50 $7.52 $10.07 8.28 10.50 7.09 7.75 8.70 10.37 75 90 $12.00 11.69 10.10 11.54 $14.19 13.00 11.40 13.35 establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 7 Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 Private industry Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 All occupations ..................................................... $17.65 All occupations excluding sales .......................... 17.84 White-collar occupations ................................. White-collar occupations excluding sales ....... Professional specialty and technical occupations .............................................. Professional specialty occupations ............. Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..... Civil engineers .................................... Industrial engineers ............................ Mechanical engineers ......................... Engineers, N.E.C. ............................... Mathematical and computer scientists ... Computer systems analysts and scientists ....................................... Operations and systems researchers and analysts ................................. Natural scientists .................................... Chemists, except biochemists ............ Medical scientists ............................... Health related occupations ..................... Physicians .......................................... Registered nurses .............................. Pharmacists ........................................ Respiratory therapists ......................... Physical therapists .............................. Teachers, college and university ............ Medical science teachers ................... Business, commerce and marketing teachers ........................................ English teachers ................................. Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ....... Teachers, except college and university Elementary school teachers ............... Secondary school teachers ................ Teachers, N.E.C. ................................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ......... Librarians ............................................ Social scientists and urban planners ...... Social, recreation, and religious workers Social workers .................................... Lawyers and judges ................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. ................. Designers ........................................... Editors and reporters .......................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ....... Technical occupations ................................ Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .................................... Radiological technicians ..................... Licensed practical nurses ................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ........................................... Electrical and electronic technicians ... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ......... Drafters ............................................... Computer programmers ..................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .............................................. Executives, administrators, and managers .......................................... State and local government $7.50 7.74 25 Median 50 $9.82 $14.35 10.07 14.66 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $21.73 22.00 $31.13 31.30 10 25 Median 50 75 90 $21.01 $11.12 $13.75 $19.13 $25.77 $34.78 21.05 11.16 13.74 19.10 25.93 34.94 21.21 22.02 8.70 9.81 12.07 13.21 17.97 19.00 26.37 27.15 37.38 38.03 23.57 23.68 11.22 11.27 14.75 14.75 22.31 22.62 30.90 31.05 38.48 38.49 25.55 28.24 31.39 24.81 26.99 28.62 31.45 31.05 13.24 15.60 20.37 15.82 19.89 26.00 20.19 22.13 17.55 19.98 24.04 18.30 22.01 27.76 23.06 25.96 23.08 26.10 29.84 21.71 25.51 28.00 30.28 30.07 30.52 32.97 37.48 29.25 29.15 30.31 39.42 35.02 40.03 42.34 44.36 32.22 38.61 30.31 44.58 41.58 28.81 29.34 – – – – – – 17.08 18.31 – – – – – – 22.57 23.04 – – – – – – 29.15 29.15 – – – – – – 35.02 35.30 – – – – – – 40.19 40.74 – – – – – – 31.76 23.17 26.47 30.44 36.02 43.25 – – – – – – 23.91 32.72 28.81 30.27 24.98 54.88 22.70 24.56 19.63 26.32 45.52 37.18 16.45 13.01 11.40 12.58 16.45 17.13 15.82 20.45 15.54 18.90 26.67 26.36 19.23 17.55 14.33 15.45 19.05 18.58 19.05 23.01 17.23 19.50 30.89 30.65 24.13 31.61 24.97 28.77 22.70 52.25 22.50 24.62 19.99 26.52 40.28 38.46 27.59 48.05 48.73 42.01 26.94 74.42 26.23 26.10 22.45 30.71 56.00 41.79 32.46 53.96 51.92 53.41 32.93 103.78 30.00 27.57 25.02 38.00 74.50 45.82 – – – – 21.29 – 22.87 – – – 33.68 – – – – – 10.56 – 15.71 – – – 22.61 – – – – – 15.91 – 19.45 – – – 27.08 – – – – – 22.99 – 23.11 – – – 34.47 – – – – – 23.96 – 26.49 – – – 40.21 – – – – – 28.72 – 28.72 – – – 42.94 – 70.31 33.42 55.68 18.59 – 22.22 20.16 24.61 24.70 – 14.23 14.24 – 51.74 24.75 32.59 9.86 – 13.72 14.07 18.56 18.56 – 9.88 10.02 – 59.54 27.32 37.07 11.38 – 18.51 14.07 19.93 19.93 – 10.77 10.79 – 73.88 32.45 56.00 18.37 – 22.91 18.53 24.15 26.40 – 14.50 14.44 – 87.69 40.28 82.00 23.77 – 27.19 23.69 26.40 26.40 – 16.50 16.40 – 87.69 45.80 82.00 30.20 – 28.57 30.00 31.54 31.54 – 17.95 18.30 – – – – 31.96 31.17 32.67 38.36 25.47 25.47 – 20.95 20.95 – – – – 20.29 21.37 19.91 20.76 20.47 20.47 – 15.84 15.84 – – – – 26.08 24.99 28.23 33.24 21.93 21.93 – 18.31 18.31 – – – – 33.41 30.98 34.29 41.56 23.04 23.04 – 20.76 20.76 – – – – 38.07 36.71 37.91 44.73 32.89 32.89 – 24.49 24.49 – – – – 42.48 41.15 41.45 44.73 32.89 32.89 – 26.19 26.19 – 23.03 24.39 24.15 23.49 18.13 13.98 13.98 10.81 12.31 11.01 15.76 16.93 17.83 18.09 13.52 22.83 20.03 23.06 23.69 17.55 27.74 29.99 25.71 31.27 20.85 35.36 39.76 42.34 32.24 25.46 – – – – 20.04 – – – – 10.67 – – – – 16.14 – – – – 17.45 – – – – 24.49 – – – – 34.94 15.20 22.82 16.78 10.74 17.20 13.78 11.42 19.88 15.66 13.65 21.56 16.59 18.79 25.31 18.00 20.28 33.74 20.00 – – 15.35 – – 10.67 – – 12.94 – – 16.48 – – 17.53 – – 17.53 13.52 19.15 22.45 21.31 23.11 10.00 13.44 16.20 15.02 17.01 10.66 16.67 18.81 19.99 19.23 12.84 18.96 22.75 20.85 23.48 15.34 21.78 27.49 22.99 25.41 18.59 24.30 29.16 26.75 31.25 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 19.85 10.10 19.23 20.43 23.92 27.20 – – – – – – 29.09 15.38 18.85 25.11 34.76 45.67 27.59 18.94 20.93 25.20 30.61 46.59 35.16 18.19 23.80 30.58 43.27 53.45 31.22 20.97 24.52 28.67 37.72 46.59 See footnotes at end of table. 8 Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued Private industry State and local government Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Administrators and officials, public administration ............................... – – – – Financial managers ............................ $34.65 $20.15 $22.77 $31.30 Personnel and labor relations managers ...................................... 38.77 17.34 22.36 29.00 Managers, marketing, advertising and public relations .............................. 41.59 22.93 31.71 39.51 Administrators, education and related fields ............................................. 30.38 18.85 20.25 24.67 Managers, medicine and health ......... 26.30 15.34 19.60 26.44 Managers and administrators, N.E.C. 38.37 21.15 26.69 34.13 Management related occupations .......... 21.43 13.91 16.44 20.54 Accountants and auditors ................... 20.14 14.04 15.46 18.13 Other financial officers ........................ 22.64 15.87 20.72 22.62 Management analysts ........................ 24.69 17.79 18.06 21.63 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ...................... 20.70 13.43 15.87 20.74 Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products .................... 23.37 14.65 18.45 22.50 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ........................................... 19.90 13.84 16.44 18.95 Management related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 22.27 14.29 17.25 20.39 Sales occupations .......................................... 15.25 6.00 7.05 10.17 Supervisors, sales occupations .......... 17.76 10.30 11.76 14.56 Sales occupations, other business services ........................................ 28.07 8.71 11.10 18.49 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ...... 35.73 12.46 19.62 30.29 Sales workers, apparel ....................... 7.19 6.00 6.21 6.76 Sales workers, other commodities ...... 9.95 5.70 6.35 8.00 Cashiers ............................................. 7.76 5.60 6.16 7.05 Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ..... 14.15 7.03 14.42 14.42 Administrative support occupations, including clerical ...................................................... 12.77 8.00 9.50 12.10 Supervisors, general office ................. 17.55 13.34 14.41 17.76 Supervisors, financial records processing .................................... 18.68 14.66 17.22 17.67 Computer operators ............................ 16.51 11.29 12.46 17.44 Secretaries ......................................... 14.65 10.00 11.75 14.42 Interviewers ........................................ 11.51 8.90 9.98 11.16 Hotel clerks ......................................... 9.54 7.49 8.25 8.97 Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........................................... 13.54 8.86 9.60 13.73 Receptionists ...................................... 9.96 7.00 8.00 9.50 Information clerks, N.E.C. ................... 13.80 9.50 10.00 13.24 Order clerks ........................................ 11.99 7.99 9.00 11.57 Library clerks ...................................... – – – – Records clerks, N.E.C. ....................... 11.38 8.47 9.19 10.45 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ............................................ 12.43 9.39 10.71 12.00 Payroll and timekeeping clerks ........... 12.41 8.71 10.07 12.63 Billing clerks ........................................ 10.59 8.53 9.45 10.00 Telephone operators .......................... 11.57 7.75 10.00 12.00 Mail clerks except postal service ........ 8.67 7.36 7.65 8.02 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks 12.63 8.40 11.00 13.25 Stock and inventory clerks .................. 15.33 11.47 13.93 15.44 Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators ................................. 16.04 12.11 13.19 15.00 See footnotes at end of table. 9 Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 75 90 – $45.00 – $45.81 29.00 82.69 – – – – – – 45.31 56.77 – – – – – – 30.90 30.58 44.95 24.38 21.15 25.76 28.02 51.60 37.63 57.69 29.02 27.84 28.08 37.06 35.74 – – 20.71 – – – 24.99 – – 16.69 – – – 28.67 – – 18.69 – – – 33.36 – – 20.07 – – – 46.59 – – 23.57 – – – 46.59 – – 25.09 – – – 25.29 28.72 – – – – – – 27.12 30.00 – – – – – – 22.31 26.93 – – – – – – 25.11 16.11 17.37 30.85 28.85 21.15 22.05 17.39 – 17.95 8.56 – 20.07 15.67 – 21.03 19.35 – 23.57 19.80 – 28.30 20.85 – 32.93 54.60 – – – – – – 41.93 8.21 11.65 8.52 16.11 67.38 8.85 15.13 11.50 17.68 – – – 16.99 – – – – 8.32 – – – – 16.66 – – – – 19.35 – – – – 19.35 – – – – 20.85 – 15.11 18.99 18.58 24.28 13.61 – 9.12 – 11.03 – 13.35 – 15.72 – 18.14 – 18.27 19.49 17.28 12.55 10.86 25.00 22.32 19.98 14.64 11.80 – – 17.08 – – – – 12.27 – – – – 14.60 – – – – 18.13 – – – – 18.16 – – – – 20.47 – – 16.67 11.01 18.58 15.13 – 12.02 19.28 14.73 21.15 16.80 – 17.49 – – – – 13.37 – – – – – 10.48 – – – – – 11.02 – – – – – 12.51 – – – – – 17.05 – – – – – 17.74 – 13.31 13.83 11.05 12.84 9.23 14.93 17.47 16.58 18.46 14.50 12.84 10.04 15.64 18.04 14.75 – – – – – – 10.57 – – – – – – 12.37 – – – – – – 16.47 – – – – – – 17.07 – – – – – – 17.35 – – – – – – 18.58 21.17 – – – – – – $25.31 $19.80 $22.40 $25.49 $25.77 $29.39 – – – – – – Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued Private industry Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical (-Continued) Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...................................... $13.02 Bill and account collectors .................. 12.35 General office clerks ........................... 12.41 Data entry keyers ............................... 10.26 Teachers’ aides .................................. – Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 13.48 Blue-collar occupations ................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .............................................. Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .................................... Industrial machinery repairers ............ Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ........ Electricians ......................................... Electrical power installers and repairers ....................................... Construction trades, N.E.C. ................ Supervisors, production occupations .. Machinists ........................................... Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ................................... Butchers and meat cutters .................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ................................................. Molding and casting machine operators ...................................... Printing press operators ..................... Textile sewing machine operators ...... Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ...................................... Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........................................... Assemblers ......................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..................................... Production testers ............................... Transportation and material moving occupations .............................................. Truck drivers ....................................... Bus drivers .......................................... Excavating and loading machine operators ...................................... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..................................................... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ................................... Construction laborers ......................... Stock handlers and baggers ............... Machine feeders and offbearers ......... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ........................................... Hand packers and packagers ............. Laborers except construction, N.E.C. Service occupations ......................................... Protective service occupations ............... State and local government 25 Median 50 $9.81 $10.84 $12.04 10.00 10.00 12.00 8.00 9.40 12.64 8.23 8.50 9.50 – – – Percentiles Mean 75 90 $14.46 14.34 14.68 11.51 – $19.62 15.29 18.07 13.04 – 10 25 Median 50 75 90 – – – – – – – – – – – – $13.64 $11.28 $12.33 $14.10 $15.40 $15.59 – – – – – – 11.05 8.08 9.12 10.30 11.43 13.84 7.73 10.00 12.10 18.68 19.80 – – – – – – 14.04 7.54 9.67 12.97 17.15 22.00 18.00 12.17 13.95 16.47 21.77 24.66 18.07 11.25 13.64 17.48 21.97 26.58 20.62 15.08 16.47 21.77 24.36 25.57 20.00 15.37 18.23 22.37 13.80 12.70 13.60 13.44 13.80 13.64 17.12 16.30 23.03 14.45 18.15 24.86 24.60 17.05 19.66 27.10 25.68 19.90 23.43 32.72 – – – 22.91 – – – 16.47 – – – 16.47 – – – 25.91 – – – 28.40 – – – 29.53 24.56 19.57 19.03 18.96 21.92 9.60 11.84 15.56 21.93 18.65 15.15 17.19 24.81 20.75 19.35 19.51 27.12 21.17 22.53 20.71 27.82 30.66 25.81 21.91 – 13.64 – – – 10.02 – – – 12.60 – – – 13.65 – – – 16.09 – – – 16.09 – – 11.98 14.20 8.28 9.73 10.40 10.84 11.54 14.31 14.13 17.57 15.52 19.85 – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.77 7.75 9.10 11.63 13.73 15.87 16.96 14.55 15.63 15.63 17.19 24.66 9.99 14.15 9.83 8.09 9.00 7.00 8.21 11.04 7.66 8.96 14.91 9.30 11.26 15.82 11.76 14.70 19.20 13.20 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 7.45 5.50 6.25 7.00 8.12 10.00 – – – – – – 11.83 9.17 8.10 6.75 9.93 8.08 12.08 9.08 13.64 10.18 15.44 12.36 – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.04 11.09 7.42 8.62 8.52 9.00 9.82 11.59 12.91 12.47 15.97 13.43 – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.35 15.47 12.78 9.45 10.50 8.24 11.83 11.62 12.00 14.14 15.50 13.50 17.53 17.53 13.50 23.09 21.12 15.59 17.28 – – 13.01 – – 14.53 – – 15.37 – – 21.40 – – 21.40 – – 24.25 18.45 23.09 25.56 26.42 26.42 – – – – – – 11.62 7.13 9.30 12.40 13.20 13.62 – – – – – – 11.17 6.40 7.23 9.63 13.78 20.15 14.08 11.74 12.02 13.41 14.44 19.15 12.14 – 8.79 11.18 7.87 – 5.60 6.65 8.15 – 6.55 7.76 13.36 – 8.50 12.36 15.44 – 10.12 13.54 15.44 – 12.22 15.45 – 13.96 – – – 10.87 – – – 11.76 – – – 13.94 – – – 15.29 – – – 17.81 – – 10.75 8.95 10.57 7.18 6.00 6.35 7.27 7.00 8.96 10.50 8.00 9.67 11.75 9.97 11.73 16.02 14.88 16.95 – – 16.84 – – 11.00 – – 13.41 – – 13.41 – – 21.62 – – 22.50 9.17 9.03 5.55 7.00 7.29 7.50 8.80 8.00 10.76 9.53 13.01 12.50 16.37 18.68 10.44 13.36 12.38 16.36 15.99 18.75 19.52 20.92 22.61 23.04 See footnotes at end of table. 10 Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued Private industry Percentiles Occupation3 Mean Service occupations (-Continued) Protective service occupations (-Continued) Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention occupations ................. Supervisors, police and detectives ..... Firefighting occupations ...................... Police and detectives, public service .. Guards and police except public service .......................................... Food service occupations ....................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations ...................... Bartenders .......................................... Waiters and waitresses ...................... Cooks ................................................. Food counter, fountain, and related occupations .................................. Kitchen workers, food preparation ...... Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants .......... Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. Health service occupations ..................... Health aides, except nursing .............. Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ..................................... Cleaning and building service occupations ...................................... Maids and housemen ......................... Janitors and cleaners ......................... Personal service occupations ................. Welfare service aides ......................... Child care workers, N.E.C. ................. Service occupations, N.E.C. ............... State and local government Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $8.83 7.50 $7.00 2.63 $7.50 4.25 $8.00 7.00 $9.41 9.83 $11.41 12.21 14.53 6.62 3.55 10.36 11.00 3.00 2.63 7.00 12.50 3.80 2.63 8.46 12.58 7.16 2.63 10.25 17.79 10.12 2.65 12.00 7.24 8.28 5.22 7.43 10.18 10.35 5.82 6.00 4.25 5.75 8.28 8.16 5.94 6.50 4.25 6.50 8.95 8.81 6.48 7.50 5.25 7.00 9.77 9.66 10.08 8.28 8.96 9.95 8.51 10.06 11.08 10.11 8.39 10.27 7.00 6.67 7.00 6.00 6.70 6.38 6.74 7.91 7.35 8.12 7.25 8.28 7.09 8.75 10 25 Median 50 90 $23.42 $19.10 $19.10 $24.40 $26.53 $27.30 26.69 20.43 23.01 26.06 33.19 33.19 17.42 13.13 14.95 17.13 20.46 22.70 18.83 13.78 17.15 19.25 20.37 21.94 – 9.99 – 7.98 – 8.45 – 8.45 21.00 10.12 6.82 13.02 – – – – – – – – – – – – 7.56 9.40 5.50 8.15 11.06 10.90 11.54 11.90 8.80 9.75 12.10 13.79 – – – – 11.57 – – – – – 9.91 – 9.78 11.00 12.00 11.65 8.82 7.75 8.90 10.03 10.50 7.53 10.59 11.28 9.49 12.00 12.00 11.69 9.50 12.00 14.50 11.00 14.85 13.30 13.00 11.04 13.41 13.78 – 13.11 12.75 – – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in 75 – 13.06 – 13.77 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 10.60 – – – – – 12.04 – – – – – 12.04 – – – – – 13.16 – 9.91 10.89 12.04 12.04 13.16 10.12 – 10.06 7.77 – – – 11.97 – 11.81 9.05 – – – 13.02 – 12.95 11.10 – – – 14.65 – 13.85 13.47 – – – 19.52 – 15.47 22.72 – – – another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 11 Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 All industries Full-time Occupation3 Percentiles Mean 10 All occupations ..................................................... $19.26 All occupations excluding sales .......................... 19.25 White-collar occupations ................................. White-collar occupations excluding sales ....... Professional specialty and technical occupations .............................................. Professional specialty occupations ............. Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..... Civil engineers .................................... Industrial engineers ............................ Mechanical engineers ......................... Engineers, N.E.C. ............................... Mathematical and computer scientists ... Computer systems analysts and scientists ....................................... Operations and systems researchers and analysts ................................. Natural scientists .................................... Chemists, except biochemists ............ Medical scientists ............................... Health related occupations ..................... Physicians .......................................... Registered nurses .............................. Respiratory therapists ......................... Physical therapists .............................. Teachers, college and university ............ English teachers ................................. Foreign language teachers ................. Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ....... Teachers, except college and university Prekindergarten and kindergarten ...... Elementary school teachers ............... Secondary school teachers ................ Teachers, special education ............... Teachers, N.E.C. ................................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ......... Librarians ............................................ Social scientists and urban planners ...... Social, recreation, and religious workers Social workers .................................... Lawyers and judges ................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. ................. Designers ........................................... Editors and reporters .......................... Public relations specialists .................. Professional occupations, N.E.C. ....... Technical occupations ................................ Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .................................... Radiological technicians ..................... Licensed practical nurses ................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ........................................... Electrical and electronic technicians ... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ......... Drafters ............................................... Computer programmers ..................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .............................................. Part-time 25 Median 50 $8.76 $11.42 $16.11 8.90 11.50 16.25 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $23.80 23.85 $33.19 33.05 10 25 $10.82 11.54 $5.60 5.75 $6.93 7.25 Median 50 75 90 $8.57 $12.15 $20.29 9.00 13.83 21.28 22.57 22.83 10.07 10.45 13.43 13.70 19.47 19.80 28.30 28.61 38.61 38.62 13.53 16.56 6.00 7.58 7.25 9.58 10.33 14.80 18.00 21.00 24.56 27.50 26.82 29.16 31.22 28.34 26.99 28.62 30.95 30.48 14.37 16.53 20.69 17.44 19.89 26.00 20.62 20.87 18.92 21.54 24.67 24.74 22.01 27.76 24.28 24.86 24.99 27.64 29.65 31.48 25.51 28.00 29.15 29.33 32.39 34.63 36.26 31.48 29.15 30.31 36.95 34.74 40.74 42.34 43.28 31.48 38.61 30.31 42.95 41.06 21.06 22.71 – – – – – – 11.93 14.10 – – – – – – 15.35 16.23 – – – – – – 19.73 20.88 – – – – – – 25.08 27.09 – – – – – – 30.23 32.42 – – – – – – 31.26 22.36 25.89 30.07 35.45 42.35 – – – – – – 23.20 32.34 28.81 29.26 25.10 49.89 22.74 18.90 24.27 43.54 36.28 36.34 50.89 30.75 25.71 31.06 31.86 28.17 35.72 25.04 25.13 – 16.82 16.97 – 16.83 13.01 11.40 12.58 15.91 10.56 15.73 15.44 19.50 26.64 27.32 24.78 30.41 18.17 10.33 21.23 18.94 16.75 19.66 19.70 18.56 – 10.21 10.34 – 17.67 16.80 14.33 15.02 18.80 17.13 19.23 15.91 20.50 30.72 29.49 28.20 32.59 24.67 11.00 24.91 25.96 22.39 27.31 20.47 20.47 – 12.42 12.67 – 23.11 30.77 24.97 22.95 22.99 51.44 22.99 17.23 24.68 38.66 36.61 37.88 49.22 32.06 30.90 30.78 33.42 28.54 39.81 24.15 23.12 – 16.16 16.16 – 27.59 47.65 48.73 41.00 26.49 74.42 26.13 21.31 28.85 52.75 40.21 41.22 56.00 37.52 37.91 36.71 37.28 35.30 44.73 26.40 31.54 – 20.76 20.76 – 32.12 53.96 51.92 53.41 32.37 103.78 29.63 25.02 30.71 67.77 45.15 49.76 82.00 42.34 43.45 41.15 41.45 38.07 44.73 32.89 32.89 – 24.49 25.36 – – – – – 23.51 – 22.64 – 30.66 36.58 – – – 20.87 – – – – 26.06 – – – 16.76 16.65 – – – – – 16.29 – 16.09 – 18.90 20.51 – – – 6.97 – – – – 14.07 – – – 11.36 10.50 – – – – – 18.90 – 18.64 – 18.90 22.96 – – – 13.15 – – – – 14.07 – – – 15.60 15.60 – – – – – 21.95 – 21.80 – 34.50 29.63 – – – 20.00 – – – – 20.19 – – – 15.90 15.90 – – – – – 27.50 – 26.94 – 38.00 51.47 – – – 26.08 – – – – 34.01 – – – 17.70 16.38 – – – – – 32.42 – 30.23 – 42.00 64.73 – – – 35.84 – – – – 48.49 – – – 22.00 22.00 – 23.14 24.29 24.15 20.78 26.45 18.52 14.26 14.43 10.81 14.26 18.45 11.06 15.76 16.93 17.83 15.10 22.59 14.00 22.18 20.03 23.06 23.08 25.76 17.76 28.62 29.99 25.71 23.08 31.73 21.29 35.92 39.76 42.34 32.97 32.24 26.04 17.87 – – – – 15.94 11.85 – – – – 10.50 12.90 – – – – 11.93 17.43 – – – – 15.96 23.61 – – – – 19.23 23.61 – – – – 22.00 15.27 23.88 16.72 10.74 18.27 13.64 11.48 19.88 15.90 13.55 21.29 16.62 18.80 30.25 17.71 20.62 33.74 20.00 14.92 21.10 16.34 10.00 14.78 13.24 11.25 18.79 15.15 14.13 22.12 16.50 18.47 22.19 17.90 20.28 26.48 18.18 14.30 19.07 22.57 21.31 22.84 10.00 13.44 16.50 15.02 17.01 10.66 16.67 18.85 19.99 19.08 13.54 18.70 23.93 20.85 23.29 15.34 21.78 27.49 22.99 24.62 18.77 24.13 29.16 26.75 31.10 13.10 – – – – 9.50 – – – – 10.50 – – – – 11.93 – – – – 14.56 – – – – 19.73 – – – – 19.85 10.10 19.23 20.43 23.92 27.20 – – – – – – 28.98 15.63 19.35 25.24 34.59 45.81 19.66 16.30 16.93 18.68 21.10 24.04 See footnotes at end of table. 12 Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Part-time Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers .......................................... $34.71 $19.13 $24.52 $30.19 Administrators and officials, public administration ............................... 23.96 17.00 20.39 24.23 Financial managers ............................ 34.85 20.30 22.77 31.30 Personnel and labor relations managers ...................................... 38.77 17.34 22.36 29.00 Managers, marketing, advertising and public relations .............................. 41.59 22.93 31.71 39.51 Administrators, education and related fields ............................................. 33.70 19.19 24.67 29.77 Managers, medicine and health ......... 28.52 15.34 23.55 27.00 Managers and administrators, N.E.C. 38.17 21.15 26.69 34.13 Management related occupations .......... 21.37 14.32 16.73 20.53 Accountants and auditors ................... 20.00 14.33 15.78 18.31 Other financial officers ........................ 22.52 15.87 20.36 21.96 Management analysts ........................ 24.47 17.79 18.06 21.63 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ...................... 20.60 13.43 15.87 20.62 Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products .................... 23.37 14.65 18.45 22.50 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ........................................... 19.90 13.84 16.44 18.95 Management related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 22.24 14.42 17.55 20.53 Sales occupations .......................................... 19.45 7.70 9.98 14.21 Supervisors, sales occupations .......... 17.85 10.30 11.76 14.71 Sales occupations, other business services ........................................ 28.07 8.71 11.10 18.49 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ...... 35.73 12.46 19.62 30.29 Sales workers, other commodities ...... 12.11 6.35 7.97 10.48 Cashiers ............................................. 11.25 6.70 7.85 9.94 Administrative support occupations, including clerical ...................................................... 13.20 8.49 10.25 12.66 Supervisors, general office ................. 17.81 13.34 14.41 18.27 Supervisors, financial records processing .................................... 18.68 14.66 17.22 17.67 Computer operators ............................ 16.70 11.29 12.46 17.44 Secretaries ......................................... 15.33 10.35 12.59 14.97 Typists ................................................ 13.49 11.05 12.63 14.54 Interviewers ........................................ 11.55 9.13 9.98 11.15 Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........................................... – – – – Receptionists ...................................... 10.15 7.00 7.91 9.50 Information clerks, N.E.C. ................... 14.34 9.73 10.27 14.60 Order clerks ........................................ 12.64 8.85 9.70 12.20 Library clerks ...................................... 14.00 10.50 12.02 12.95 Records clerks, N.E.C. ....................... 11.81 8.47 9.35 10.80 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ............................................ 12.82 9.60 10.91 12.36 Payroll and timekeeping clerks ........... 12.50 8.71 10.07 12.63 Billing clerks ........................................ 10.52 8.53 9.45 9.62 Telephone operators .......................... 12.22 9.46 11.58 12.84 Mail clerks except postal service ........ 9.50 8.00 8.00 9.14 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks 12.66 8.40 11.00 13.25 Stock and inventory clerks .................. 15.92 12.07 13.93 16.28 Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators ................................. 16.04 12.11 13.19 15.00 See footnotes at end of table. 13 Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 75 90 $43.27 $49.49 25.77 45.00 29.39 45.81 – – – – – – – – – – – – 29.00 82.69 – – – – – – 45.31 56.77 – – – – – – 45.15 33.75 44.95 24.04 21.15 25.63 28.02 46.59 46.13 57.69 28.30 27.01 28.08 36.06 – – – 19.51 – – – – – – 16.93 – – – – – – 16.93 – – – – – – 18.68 – – – – – – 24.04 – – – – – – 24.04 – – – 25.29 28.64 – – – – – – 27.12 30.00 – – – – – – 22.31 26.93 – – – – – – 25.11 21.59 17.37 28.30 37.82 21.15 – 7.33 – – 5.50 – – 6.00 – – 6.80 – – 7.95 – – 9.67 – 32.93 54.60 – – – – – – 41.93 13.71 14.21 67.38 18.70 19.35 – 7.49 7.01 – 5.45 5.50 – 5.85 6.00 – 7.00 6.60 – 8.00 7.50 – 10.29 8.90 15.60 18.99 18.58 24.28 10.28 – 7.08 – 7.75 – 9.23 – 12.14 – 14.42 – 18.27 19.49 18.13 14.75 12.80 25.00 22.32 20.04 14.75 14.56 – – 12.60 – 10.97 – – 9.58 – 9.01 – – 9.95 – 10.33 – – 11.45 – 11.11 – – 14.00 – 11.90 – – 19.13 – 12.32 – 11.33 18.58 16.27 17.05 13.00 – 14.95 21.15 16.80 17.74 18.51 13.08 9.34 – 8.38 – – 9.38 8.11 – 6.82 – – 10.23 8.75 – 7.14 – – 11.34 9.25 – 7.70 – – 15.73 9.50 – 8.31 – – 17.59 12.08 – 12.14 – – 14.23 14.00 10.94 12.84 10.04 14.93 18.04 17.07 18.46 14.50 12.84 12.91 15.64 19.13 11.17 – – 8.14 – – – 6.25 – – 7.25 – – – 8.48 – – 7.25 – – – 11.11 – – 7.75 – – – 14.42 – – 8.51 – – – 14.42 – – 9.99 – – – 18.58 21.17 – – – – – – $19.77 $16.30 $18.15 $21.03 $21.10 $21.10 Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical (-Continued) Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...................................... $12.99 $10.00 $10.84 $12.02 Bill and account collectors .................. 12.35 10.00 10.00 12.00 General office clerks ........................... 13.25 8.97 11.28 13.46 Data entry keyers ............................... 11.71 8.50 10.27 12.15 Teachers’ aides .................................. 10.67 8.37 9.12 10.30 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 14.25 9.52 10.96 12.10 Blue-collar occupations ................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .............................................. Automobile mechanics ....................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .................................... Industrial machinery repairers ............ Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ........ Carpenters .......................................... Electricians ......................................... Electrical power installers and repairers ....................................... Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters Construction trades, N.E.C. ................ Supervisors, production occupations .. Machinists ........................................... Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ................................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ................................................. Molding and casting machine operators ...................................... Printing press operators ..................... Textile sewing machine operators ...... Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........................................... Welders and cutters ............................ Assemblers ......................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..................................... Production testers ............................... Transportation and material moving occupations .............................................. Truck drivers ....................................... Bus drivers .......................................... Excavating and loading machine operators ...................................... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..................................................... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ................................... Construction laborers ......................... Stock handlers and baggers ............... Machine feeders and offbearers ......... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ........................................... Hand packers and packagers ............. Laborers except construction, N.E.C. Part-time Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 75 90 $14.46 14.34 15.09 13.47 11.43 $19.62 15.29 17.00 13.47 13.25 $13.25 – 8.48 – – 19.09 19.80 10.18 6.50 7.25 9.19 12.91 14.28 11.75 $9.62 $10.09 $13.10 $14.82 $20.96 – – – – – 6.90 7.00 8.20 9.18 10.99 – – – – – – – – – – 14.79 8.25 10.50 13.65 18.05 23.26 8.20 5.50 6.15 7.34 9.25 18.36 18.13 11.54 14.00 13.80 14.00 17.71 19.58 22.53 20.37 26.32 20.94 – – – – – – – – – – – – 20.36 15.37 19.04 21.69 22.44 13.80 12.70 13.50 15.59 13.71 13.80 13.64 16.35 17.47 16.30 23.09 14.45 18.47 22.00 24.86 24.60 17.05 21.77 24.82 27.10 24.60 19.90 24.68 25.98 29.53 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 24.45 19.76 17.39 19.03 18.96 21.93 13.31 9.60 11.84 15.56 22.75 15.91 13.65 15.15 17.19 24.81 21.19 16.09 19.35 19.51 25.57 21.81 20.75 22.53 20.71 27.82 26.08 30.66 25.81 21.91 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.98 8.28 10.40 11.54 14.13 15.52 – – – – – – 12.03 8.00 9.26 11.98 14.20 16.09 – – – – – – 9.99 14.44 9.83 8.09 9.00 7.00 8.21 11.49 7.66 8.96 15.00 9.30 11.26 16.07 11.76 14.70 19.20 13.20 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 12.15 15.39 9.41 8.13 12.58 7.02 9.98 14.21 8.25 12.38 15.63 9.15 13.67 16.30 10.28 15.56 18.16 12.36 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.04 11.09 7.42 8.62 8.52 9.00 9.82 11.59 12.91 12.47 15.97 13.43 – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.85 15.45 15.44 10.00 10.51 8.24 12.40 11.62 13.50 15.18 15.50 13.50 21.03 17.53 21.40 22.12 21.12 21.40 11.51 – – 6.82 – – 8.00 – – 12.50 – – 13.50 – – 13.91 – – 24.03 18.65 21.26 25.56 26.42 26.42 – – – – – – 11.62 7.13 9.30 12.40 13.20 13.62 – – – – – – 12.48 7.00 8.79 11.13 14.88 20.15 7.57 5.50 6.00 7.15 8.25 10.75 13.37 19.51 10.36 11.38 12.02 11.76 7.30 6.65 12.02 15.29 8.82 8.00 12.91 20.15 10.02 12.82 14.82 21.74 11.63 13.91 15.44 25.80 14.10 15.45 – – 6.69 – – – 5.39 – – – 5.66 – – – 6.50 – – – 7.50 – – – 8.16 – 10.74 9.28 12.09 6.93 6.50 7.11 7.21 7.00 9.50 9.63 8.27 10.92 13.62 10.37 14.55 17.09 14.88 17.20 – – 7.76 – – 6.50 – – 6.94 – – 7.55 – – 8.84 – – 9.00 See footnotes at end of table. 14 Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Part-time Percentiles Mean 10 Service occupations ......................................... $12.20 Protective service occupations ............... 15.69 Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention occupations ................. 23.42 Supervisors, police and detectives ..... 26.69 Firefighting occupations ...................... 17.43 Police and detectives, public service .. 18.91 Guards and police except public service .......................................... 9.25 Protective service occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... – Food service occupations ....................... 8.77 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations ...................... 14.94 Waiters and waitresses ...................... 4.11 Cooks ................................................. 10.65 Food counter, fountain, and related occupations .................................. – Kitchen workers, food preparation ...... 8.58 Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants .......... – Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. 7.69 Health service occupations ..................... 10.56 Health aides, except nursing .............. 10.97 Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ..................................... 10.43 Cleaning and building service occupations ...................................... 11.62 Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers ............................. 20.46 Maids and housemen ......................... 8.03 Janitors and cleaners ......................... 11.68 Personal service occupations ................. 13.44 Welfare service aides ......................... – Child care workers, N.E.C. ................. 9.77 Service occupations, N.E.C. ............... 10.98 25 Median 50 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $14.84 19.65 $19.52 22.61 10 25 Median 50 $7.75 8.13 $2.63 7.43 $6.50 7.72 $7.72 7.72 75 90 $7.00 7.50 $8.72 $10.94 10.00 16.65 19.10 20.43 13.13 13.78 19.10 23.01 14.95 17.35 24.40 26.06 17.13 19.31 26.53 33.19 20.73 20.37 27.30 33.19 22.70 21.94 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 7.00 7.50 8.50 10.00 12.50 7.99 7.35 7.72 7.72 7.72 8.48 – 2.63 – 6.08 – 8.46 – 11.08 – 13.49 8.23 5.76 7.50 2.63 7.59 2.63 8.00 6.00 8.00 7.50 8.50 9.47 11.75 2.63 7.00 12.50 2.63 8.50 13.68 2.63 10.48 17.79 5.39 12.08 21.00 9.83 13.76 – 3.13 8.94 – 2.38 7.00 – 2.63 7.55 – 2.63 8.75 – 2.63 9.85 – 3.38 11.52 – 6.00 – 5.80 8.50 8.78 – 6.50 – 6.35 9.12 9.30 – 7.00 – 7.29 10.25 10.13 – 9.75 – 8.50 11.81 11.88 – 11.90 – 10.75 13.16 15.63 7.42 7.71 5.46 7.17 10.08 9.04 5.94 6.41 3.25 5.34 7.97 7.72 5.94 6.50 4.25 6.50 8.91 8.16 6.48 7.50 5.25 7.00 9.79 8.81 7.75 8.50 5.50 7.50 12.00 9.49 11.54 9.40 8.80 8.90 12.00 10.87 8.45 9.08 10.22 11.60 12.49 10.36 8.25 9.14 10.11 12.00 12.00 7.50 8.90 11.00 13.66 15.59 8.50 7.00 7.50 8.65 8.79 10.00 14.65 6.60 7.97 8.59 – 7.58 9.13 14.65 7.25 8.90 10.03 – 8.59 10.07 19.78 7.70 11.65 11.39 – 9.60 11.06 27.04 8.72 13.73 12.50 – 10.91 12.00 27.04 10.73 15.59 20.11 – 11.85 12.50 – – 8.30 8.32 9.19 7.47 8.93 – – 7.00 6.00 6.70 6.38 6.12 – – 7.25 6.38 7.63 6.38 6.74 – – 8.65 7.47 8.75 7.09 8.00 – – 8.65 9.06 10.95 7.53 11.10 – – 8.90 11.77 12.16 9.07 15.32 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the $9.13 $11.54 7.72 9.74 minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 15 Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 All industries Occupation3 Mean weekly hours4 Weekly earnings Mean Median Mean annual hours Annual earnings Mean Median All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 39.2 39.1 $754 753 $634 637 1,981 1,976 $38,154 38,047 $32,531 32,798 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... 38.9 38.8 877 885 753 769 1,946 1,936 43,929 44,199 38,084 38,641 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Civil engineers ...................................................... Industrial engineers .............................................. Mechanical engineers ........................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Operations and systems researchers and analysts .......................................................... Natural scientists ...................................................... Chemists, except biochemists .............................. Medical scientists ................................................. Health related occupations ....................................... Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. English teachers ................................................... Foreign language teachers ................................... Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ......................... Teachers, except college and university .................. Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Librarians .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Social, recreation, and religious workers .................. Social workers ...................................................... Lawyers and judges .................................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Public relations specialists .................................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Technical occupations .................................................. Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians Radiological technicians ....................................... Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ........................... Drafters ................................................................. Computer programmers ....................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Administrators and officials, public administration Financial managers .............................................. Personnel and labor relations managers .............. Managers, marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Administrators, education and related fields ......... Managers, medicine and health ........................... Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. 38.3 37.9 39.9 39.4 41.3 40.7 39.5 39.8 39.9 1,026 1,105 1,246 1,117 1,114 1,166 1,223 1,214 1,249 957 1,057 1,181 1,181 1,056 1,120 1,093 1,176 1,206 1,853 1,802 2,076 2,050 2,146 2,118 2,055 2,071 2,077 49,694 52,548 64,806 58,094 57,916 60,620 63,606 63,132 64,927 45,921 48,065 61,386 61,386 54,912 58,237 56,843 61,150 62,691 38.8 39.3 38.5 39.4 38.8 43.3 38.2 39.3 40.0 36.2 35.3 38.0 38.0 33.8 35.6 33.3 34.1 32.1 35.7 36.9 37.0 – 37.4 37.6 – 899 1,271 1,108 1,153 974 2,161 868 743 971 1,577 1,281 1,380 1,935 1,040 915 1,034 1,085 904 1,276 923 931 – 630 638 – 900 1,231 999 918 885 2,101 869 658 987 1,395 1,373 1,421 1,281 1,091 1,033 1,064 1,156 945 1,413 845 902 – 586 586 – 2,016 2,043 2,000 2,049 2,017 2,253 1,983 2,043 2,080 1,507 1,350 1,522 1,624 1,280 1,449 1,249 1,273 1,200 1,383 1,791 1,788 – 1,946 1,954 – 46,766 66,072 57,613 59,957 50,620 112,396 45,091 38,612 50,482 65,626 48,976 55,308 82,634 39,370 37,247 38,782 40,565 33,804 49,400 44,840 44,922 – 32,728 33,161 – 46,792 64,002 51,938 47,736 46,002 109,241 45,126 34,227 51,331 58,022 53,542 55,400 46,451 40,577 39,471 39,376 42,719 34,493 52,947 41,933 41,933 – 30,476 30,476 – 39.0 39.8 39.4 37.6 38.7 39.6 39.8 40.0 39.3 39.9 39.4 39.9 40.0 39.1 40.2 40.2 40.4 37.9 41.6 42.6 902 966 951 781 1,022 733 607 955 658 570 752 901 853 893 797 1,164 1,404 909 1,448 1,651 892 801 892 923 1,030 702 537 852 660 541 748 957 834 889 817 1,000 1,181 924 1,322 1,160 2,016 2,068 2,047 1,954 2,010 2,058 2,068 2,080 2,045 2,073 2,051 2,077 2,080 2,032 2,088 2,073 2,076 1,972 2,161 2,214 46,648 50,245 49,427 40,600 53,169 38,122 31,569 49,662 34,191 29,628 39,109 46,876 44,332 46,419 41,459 60,080 72,070 47,258 75,319 85,844 46,358 41,664 46,358 48,006 53,573 36,504 27,903 44,283 34,320 28,122 38,893 49,774 43,368 46,235 42,494 51,898 60,461 48,069 68,729 60,320 41.1 39.2 39.0 40.5 1,711 1,322 1,114 1,545 1,550 1,124 1,058 1,359 2,135 1,834 2,030 2,099 88,815 61,813 57,903 80,124 80,605 50,996 54,995 70,652 See footnotes at end of table. 16 Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All industries Occupation3 Mean weekly hours4 Weekly earnings Mean Median Mean annual hours Annual earnings 39.8 39.0 40.2 39.0 $850 781 905 954 $796 724 936 865 2,069 2,029 2,090 2,027 $44,219 40,587 47,068 49,594 $41,395 37,635 48,652 44,990 40.0 825 829 2,082 42,887 43,098 41.5 40.0 40.3 40.0 42.6 39.8 969 796 895 777 761 1,116 900 758 821 568 622 740 2,156 2,080 2,093 2,078 2,216 2,068 50,392 41,399 46,553 40,415 39,559 58,030 46,800 39,416 42,699 29,557 32,344 38,459 Mean Median White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Management related occupations ............................ Accountants and auditors ..................................... Other financial officers .......................................... Management analysts .......................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products .......................................................... Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ Sales occupations ............................................................ Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ Sales occupations, other business services ......... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. Sales workers, other commodities ........................ Cashiers ............................................................... Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... Supervisors, general office ................................... Supervisors, financial records processing ............ Computer operators .............................................. Secretaries ........................................................... Typists .................................................................. Interviewers .......................................................... Receptionists ........................................................ Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... Order clerks .......................................................... Library clerks ........................................................ Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... Payroll and timekeeping clerks ............................. Billing clerks .......................................................... Telephone operators ............................................ Mail clerks except postal service .......................... Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... Stock and inventory clerks .................................... Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators ................................................... Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... Bill and account collectors .................................... General office clerks ............................................. Data entry keyers ................................................. Teachers’ aides .................................................... Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... 41.2 38.4 38.8 38.5 39.5 39.9 38.6 38.7 36.4 39.4 38.4 37.5 39.2 34.5 39.6 39.0 39.1 39.4 38.5 38.3 40.0 38.8 1,472 465 437 509 703 745 645 593 490 455 390 538 496 483 468 500 488 415 471 364 506 617 1,298 380 395 488 731 707 680 593 509 445 360 542 473 481 432 491 505 385 514 344 530 635 2,143 1,998 2,018 1,961 2,053 2,073 2,008 1,995 1,848 2,050 1,997 1,950 2,039 1,661 2,060 2,030 2,031 2,051 2,003 1,993 2,052 2,015 76,549 24,190 22,700 25,886 36,580 38,728 33,532 30,577 24,932 23,683 20,259 27,977 25,787 23,254 24,330 26,012 25,389 21,580 24,487 18,931 25,969 32,084 67,509 19,760 20,550 25,058 38,002 36,754 35,363 30,732 26,463 23,136 18,720 28,198 24,597 25,002 22,464 25,506 26,270 20,010 26,707 17,880 27,559 33,015 37.6 39.3 39.3 37.9 38.2 33.9 38.2 602 510 485 502 447 362 545 562 475 466 519 456 369 492 1,953 2,041 2,043 1,970 1,984 1,280 1,989 31,315 26,513 25,240 26,088 23,229 13,656 28,347 29,207 24,669 24,240 26,978 23,693 13,905 25,572 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Carpenters ............................................................ Electricians ........................................................... Electrical power installers and repairers ............... Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters .................. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Machinists ............................................................. Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers .. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Molding and casting machine operators ............... Printing press operators ....................................... Textile sewing machine operators ........................ 39.9 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.8 39.9 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.5 40.0 40.0 39.9 39.6 39.9 40.0 590 735 725 814 612 759 868 898 978 790 696 770 759 479 480 396 576 393 546 710 783 924 567 731 880 994 992 848 644 795 780 461 479 362 600 372 2,046 2,081 2,080 2,080 2,069 2,073 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,104 2,080 2,080 2,028 1,731 2,073 2,080 30,260 38,206 37,707 42,346 31,800 39,480 45,123 46,676 50,852 41,098 36,177 40,035 39,445 24,916 24,402 17,288 29,943 20,446 28,292 36,904 40,726 48,027 29,494 38,002 45,760 51,699 51,605 44,075 33,467 41,319 40,581 23,996 24,461 18,081 31,200 19,347 See footnotes at end of table. 17 Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All industries Occupation3 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors (-Continued) Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Welders and cutters .............................................. Assemblers ........................................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Production testers ................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Truck drivers ......................................................... Bus drivers ............................................................ Excavating and loading machine operators .......... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Construction laborers ........................................... Stock handlers and baggers ................................. Machine feeders and offbearers ........................... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Hand packers and packagers ............................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Service occupations ........................................................... Protective service occupations ................................. Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention occupations .................................................... Supervisors, police and detectives ....................... Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Guards and police except public service .............. Food service occupations ......................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Cooks ................................................................... Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Health service occupations ....................................... Health aides, except nursing ................................ Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Cleaning and building service occupations .............. Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers ........................................................... Maids and housemen ........................................... Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Personal service occupations ................................... Child care workers, N.E.C. ................................... Service occupations, N.E.C. ................................. Mean weekly hours4 Mean Median Mean annual hours 39.9 40.0 40.0 39.8 40.0 39.9 39.7 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.7 40.0 40.0 39.4 40.0 39.7 40.0 39.9 $485 616 376 440 443 633 613 618 961 465 496 535 780 408 455 427 371 483 $495 625 366 393 464 601 620 540 1,022 496 445 516 806 399 513 380 331 437 2,075 2,080 2,080 1,890 2,080 2,029 2,062 1,909 2,073 2,080 2,027 2,080 2,080 2,031 2,080 2,065 1,877 2,077 $25,213 32,011 19,575 20,861 23,059 32,166 31,861 29,477 49,819 24,171 25,297 27,806 40,585 21,036 23,668 22,183 17,418 25,113 $25,764 32,510 19,032 19,240 24,107 30,227 32,240 28,080 53,165 25,792 22,791 26,853 41,912 20,728 26,666 19,760 16,640 22,703 39.2 40.7 478 638 421 682 2,033 2,116 24,814 33,198 21,893 35,443 41.5 39.6 44.2 39.8 39.8 38.7 973 1,057 771 752 369 339 982 1,042 728 770 340 324 2,159 2,059 2,300 2,069 2,072 2,005 50,577 54,958 40,091 39,128 19,172 17,589 51,073 54,205 37,868 40,049 17,680 16,834 43.6 38.5 39.1 38.9 37.8 38.8 39.0 38.7 38.8 652 158 416 334 291 410 427 404 451 625 105 408 280 285 396 393 396 436 2,269 2,000 2,013 2,025 1,967 2,016 2,026 2,014 2,020 33,887 8,226 21,432 17,381 15,134 21,298 22,214 21,000 23,463 32,500 5,470 21,107 14,560 14,828 20,613 20,426 20,613 22,651 39.2 38.1 38.9 35.5 39.7 39.0 803 306 455 477 388 429 692 300 452 456 380 442 2,040 1,983 2,024 1,809 1,927 1,984 41,741 15,935 23,635 24,308 18,828 21,784 36,000 15,600 23,499 23,435 19,052 23,005 1 Earnings are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Weekly earnings Annual earnings Mean Median 4 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 18 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 All workers 4 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ $18.20 18.40 $17.65 17.84 $21.01 21.05 $19.26 19.25 $10.82 11.54 White-collar occupations ................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... 21.60 6.89 8.41 10.73 12.14 13.98 15.58 19.93 19.54 25.86 25.83 30.70 39.36 49.81 55.99 27.16 22.32 7.68 8.97 10.77 12.32 14.09 15.89 19.98 19.90 25.61 25.65 30.02 38.52 49.66 55.99 27.03 21.21 6.87 8.10 10.05 11.87 13.73 15.40 18.96 19.56 23.41 26.20 30.90 39.40 49.86 57.16 28.28 22.02 7.66 8.64 10.27 12.03 13.85 15.72 19.00 19.96 22.82 26.04 30.06 38.51 49.72 57.16 28.11 23.57 – 9.93 13.00 13.70 16.25 17.24 24.11 19.40 31.64 22.57 29.91 38.60 – – 24.44 23.68 – 9.98 12.32 13.73 16.08 17.24 24.18 19.40 31.64 22.57 29.91 38.60 – – 24.44 22.57 7.93 9.00 11.08 12.35 13.97 15.37 19.90 19.14 26.28 25.89 30.70 39.24 50.17 55.87 27.39 22.83 – 9.18 11.04 12.41 14.07 15.68 19.96 19.51 26.05 25.71 30.00 38.38 50.03 55.87 27.23 13.53 6.63 7.49 9.14 10.31 14.07 18.36 20.27 22.52 20.29 24.84 30.93 – – – 19.77 16.56 7.16 8.21 9.27 11.28 14.25 18.36 20.27 22.52 20.29 24.84 30.93 – – – 20.28 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Natural scientists ...................................................... Level 13 ............................................................ Health related occupations ....................................... Level 7 .............................................................. 26.24 28.52 12.38 16.56 21.93 21.84 27.06 24.84 30.29 38.32 49.78 54.69 27.28 31.22 21.13 24.71 31.02 38.19 45.40 30.48 20.58 24.12 30.23 34.09 44.73 32.38 46.30 24.66 20.33 25.55 28.24 12.25 16.39 19.87 22.09 22.56 25.64 30.50 38.35 49.70 54.69 28.29 31.39 21.13 24.71 31.63 38.19 45.40 31.05 20.58 24.90 30.23 34.09 44.73 32.72 46.30 24.98 20.38 28.81 29.34 – – 25.43 19.15 32.71 20.32 29.53 – – – 24.49 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 21.29 – 26.82 29.16 12.18 15.95 22.12 21.31 27.93 24.74 30.27 38.06 50.59 54.36 27.34 31.22 21.13 24.71 31.02 38.19 45.40 30.48 20.58 24.12 30.23 34.09 44.73 32.34 – 25.10 20.05 21.06 22.71 – – 20.67 23.67 20.07 25.71 30.93 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 23.51 20.73 Occupational group3 and level See footnotes at end of table. 19 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All workers 4 Occupational group3 and level White-collar occupations (-Continued) Health related occupations (-Continued) Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Teachers, except college and university .................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Level 9 .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Social, religious, and recreation workers .................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Lawyers and judges .................................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Technical occupations .................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ See footnotes at end of table. 20 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $23.17 22.67 22.13 27.00 42.93 25.91 30.41 33.15 44.48 64.07 30.32 11.54 26.74 21.25 34.40 31.21 25.01 24.93 – 16.81 16.06 16.25 16.99 35.54 $23.40 22.73 24.07 26.98 45.52 27.60 31.71 34.16 47.95 64.07 18.59 11.71 – 21.65 22.34 – 24.61 – – 14.23 12.51 15.74 – – – $22.23 – 27.11 33.68 – – 28.83 – – 31.96 – 26.72 – 35.10 – 25.47 – – 20.95 – – – – $22.89 22.71 20.82 25.62 43.54 – 31.19 33.72 43.16 64.07 30.75 – 26.74 19.96 34.36 – 25.04 24.99 – 16.82 16.05 16.25 – – $23.82 22.55 – 34.76 36.58 23.55 – 25.69 – – 20.87 – – – 37.12 – – – – 16.76 – – 17.30 – 22.68 18.12 20.88 31.30 36.94 17.80 18.24 11.01 11.93 15.43 16.51 20.18 18.06 23.21 37.20 21.04 28.89 15.43 16.11 17.35 18.08 23.38 26.21 28.98 38.83 49.55 56.85 30.16 34.57 15.88 17.32 19.18 24.07 26.75 30.41 41.61 49.30 23.03 18.43 20.88 31.30 36.94 17.79 18.13 11.34 11.75 15.36 16.52 20.15 17.98 23.20 39.37 – 29.09 13.67 16.11 16.93 17.75 23.22 26.20 28.59 38.80 49.73 59.16 31.67 35.16 15.88 17.05 18.99 23.89 26.81 30.35 41.70 49.48 – – – – – – 20.04 – 15.24 – – – – – – – 27.59 – – 21.32 19.82 24.44 – 30.45 39.79 – – 26.16 31.22 – – – 24.97 – 30.56 39.79 – 23.14 18.12 21.01 – 36.94 17.61 18.52 – 11.89 15.40 16.08 20.17 18.21 23.08 37.20 – 28.98 15.43 16.11 17.36 18.09 23.42 26.34 28.98 38.83 49.54 56.85 30.15 34.71 15.88 17.37 19.18 24.18 26.95 30.41 41.61 49.30 17.87 – – – – – 15.94 – 12.14 15.59 17.92 20.25 – – – – 19.66 – – – – – – – – – – – 19.77 – – – – – – – – Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All workers 4 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Management related occupations ............................ Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Sales occupations ............................................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... $56.91 36.52 21.35 15.48 16.31 17.35 17.85 22.65 25.15 29.62 22.35 15.31 6.69 7.31 10.53 11.09 13.02 12.12 15.62 29.76 27.67 39.81 12.91 7.68 8.96 10.76 12.41 13.71 15.55 18.33 18.40 21.43 18.97 $59.26 40.82 21.43 13.73 16.31 16.88 17.50 22.57 25.07 29.62 23.24 15.25 6.68 7.29 8.99 11.08 12.79 12.12 15.62 29.76 27.67 39.81 12.77 7.66 8.63 10.23 12.08 13.54 15.27 18.28 18.47 21.43 – – $29.14 20.71 – – 21.90 19.80 – – – – 17.39 – – 18.82 – – – – – – – 13.61 – 9.96 12.38 13.83 15.29 17.18 18.69 – – – $56.91 36.54 21.37 15.48 16.31 17.36 17.85 22.64 25.15 29.62 22.35 19.45 – – 11.32 11.97 13.08 12.12 15.62 29.76 27.67 39.81 13.20 – 9.18 11.03 12.48 13.69 15.47 18.34 18.40 21.43 – – – $19.51 – – – – – – – – 7.33 6.55 7.06 8.81 8.69 – – – – – – 10.28 7.16 8.19 9.17 11.28 13.92 17.60 – – – – Blue-collar occupations ......................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. 14.38 9.64 10.56 11.60 12.40 15.72 16.73 19.41 19.71 25.16 18.37 9.37 12.38 16.05 17.48 20.11 19.99 25.12 11.95 8.24 9.60 11.09 11.44 13.23 14.19 16.62 15.64 14.04 9.57 10.54 11.52 12.16 15.29 16.86 19.08 19.43 25.19 18.07 – 12.38 15.71 17.48 19.79 19.67 25.16 11.77 8.24 9.56 11.09 11.44 13.23 13.94 16.19 15.35 18.00 12.88 – 13.19 15.84 18.61 – 20.65 – – 20.62 – – 18.58 – 21.24 – – 16.96 – – – – – – – 17.28 14.79 10.90 10.87 11.73 12.40 15.72 16.73 19.40 19.71 25.16 18.36 9.37 12.38 16.05 17.49 20.11 19.99 25.12 12.03 8.47 9.68 11.11 11.44 13.23 14.19 16.62 15.85 8.20 6.65 8.92 8.75 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.51 Occupational group3 and level See footnotes at end of table. 21 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All workers 4 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Transportation and material moving occupations (-Continued) Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. $11.02 12.42 14.22 18.84 18.53 19.91 11.41 9.93 10.89 12.38 12.46 13.45 $11.04 12.49 13.97 18.68 – 19.91 11.17 9.82 10.87 12.20 11.64 13.21 – – – $19.29 – – 14.08 – – 13.86 15.69 – – $12.45 14.25 18.91 18.53 19.91 12.48 12.65 11.52 12.81 12.55 13.45 – – – – – – $7.57 6.66 8.86 8.13 – – Service occupations ........................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Protective service occupations ............................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Food service occupations ........................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. 11.00 8.16 8.72 9.06 10.73 15.65 14.76 18.69 17.60 23.16 14.80 11.21 8.47 13.41 18.20 17.27 18.74 22.51 7.54 6.41 5.85 6.35 9.06 11.00 9.17 7.84 7.91 8.77 9.94 12.64 11.84 18.15 – – 9.03 – 8.28 – 13.26 – – – 7.50 6.37 5.73 6.33 9.06 11.00 16.37 11.23 11.35 12.82 13.78 18.57 17.27 18.83 – 23.16 18.68 – – 14.26 18.87 17.27 18.75 22.51 9.99 – – – – – 12.20 8.64 9.60 9.86 11.03 16.98 14.79 18.63 17.60 23.16 15.69 – 9.01 13.70 18.22 17.27 18.74 22.51 8.77 6.51 5.96 7.51 9.79 11.96 7.75 7.43 7.51 7.38 9.33 9.51 – – – – 8.13 – 7.81 – – – – – 5.76 6.30 5.77 4.70 – – Occupational group3 and level See footnotes at end of table. 22 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All workers 4 Occupational group3 and level Service occupations (-Continued) Health service occupations ..................................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Cleaning and building service occupations ............ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Personal service occupations ................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $10.44 10.87 10.08 10.11 10.55 10.81 9.21 10.40 12.12 13.80 11.22 7.28 10.05 10.75 19.63 11.90 $10.18 10.47 9.82 10.02 10.25 9.95 8.79 9.48 11.75 – 11.08 7.24 10.05 10.26 19.63 11.90 $11.57 11.32 – 11.27 – 13.78 11.83 12.73 – – 12.75 – – – – – $10.56 10.73 10.24 10.17 11.71 11.62 10.00 10.62 12.36 13.94 13.44 – 11.03 11.01 – – $10.08 – 9.47 9.89 – 8.50 8.09 8.27 – – 8.32 6.81 9.35 – – – based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 23 Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: Professional specialty and technical occupations: Professional specialty occupations: Civil engineers ...................................................... Electrical and electronic engineers Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Industrial engineers .............................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Mechanical engineers ........................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Operations and systems researchers and analysts .......................................................... Level 9 .............................................................. Chemists, except biochemists .............................. Medical scientists ................................................. Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Pharmacists .......................................................... Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Medical science teachers ..................................... Business, commerce and marketing teachers ...... Art, drama and music teachers ............................. English teachers ................................................... Foreign language teachers ................................... Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified .. Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ......................... Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Social workers ...................................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Public relations specialists .................................... Technical occupations: Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians Level 4 .............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 24 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $28.34 $24.81 – $28.34 – 24.44 31.84 26.99 24.60 28.62 30.95 23.78 30.31 38.13 31.26 20.66 24.93 30.11 34.40 44.73 24.44 31.84 26.99 24.60 28.62 31.45 23.78 32.32 38.13 31.76 20.66 25.76 30.11 34.40 44.73 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 24.44 31.84 26.99 24.60 28.62 30.95 23.78 30.31 38.13 31.26 20.66 24.93 30.11 34.40 44.73 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 23.20 21.45 28.81 29.68 48.53 22.71 20.78 23.49 22.26 26.87 25.78 24.56 19.10 26.32 37.18 69.78 30.08 35.89 36.34 35.42 50.42 25.58 31.06 27.59 33.92 31.75 26.97 34.21 28.17 31.10 33.73 39.66 24.29 25.09 24.93 16.94 16.05 16.18 24.29 24.15 20.41 23.91 22.31 28.81 30.27 54.88 22.70 20.87 23.53 22.26 – 25.86 24.56 19.63 26.32 37.18 70.31 – 33.42 – – 55.68 – – – – 22.22 – – – – 20.16 – – 24.70 – 14.24 12.47 15.59 24.39 24.15 – – – – – – $22.87 – – 22.23 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 31.17 27.31 34.22 32.67 27.08 35.24 – – 38.36 – – 25.47 – 20.95 – – – – – 23.20 21.45 28.81 29.26 49.89 22.74 20.60 23.25 22.39 – 25.79 – 18.90 24.27 – – – 36.28 36.34 – 50.89 25.71 31.06 27.59 33.92 31.86 26.97 34.21 28.17 31.10 35.72 – – 25.13 24.99 16.97 16.05 16.18 24.29 24.15 20.78 – – – – – $22.64 20.96 24.04 21.89 – – – – 30.66 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 26.06 37.91 – – – 16.65 – – – – – 15.23 11.95 15.20 11.92 – – 15.27 – 14.92 – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: (-Continued) Technical occupations: (-Continued) Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians (-Continued) Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Radiological technicians ....................................... Level 6 .............................................................. Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ........................... Level 7 .............................................................. Drafters ................................................................. Computer programmers ....................................... Level 9 .............................................................. Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations: Administrators and officials, public administration Level 9 .............................................................. Financial managers .............................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Personnel and labor relations managers .............. Managers, marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Level 13 ............................................................ Administrators, education and related fields ......... Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Managers, medicine and health ........................... Level 9 .............................................................. Level 12 ............................................................ Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Accountants and auditors ..................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Other financial officers .......................................... Management analysts .......................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products .......................................................... Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ See footnotes at end of table. 25 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $16.80 16.58 22.82 19.21 16.59 15.87 17.07 14.07 10.29 11.88 14.99 18.42 19.07 19.06 19.29 22.57 24.34 21.31 22.84 22.74 19.74 $16.80 16.58 22.82 19.21 16.78 – 17.04 13.52 – 11.89 14.99 18.42 19.15 19.06 19.67 22.45 – 21.31 23.11 – 19.85 – – – – $15.35 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $16.64 – 23.88 – 16.72 – 17.39 14.30 – 11.89 – – 19.07 19.06 19.29 22.57 24.34 21.31 22.84 22.74 19.85 – – $21.10 – 16.34 – 16.18 13.10 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 24.05 24.31 34.57 32.13 46.88 38.77 – – 34.65 32.13 – 38.77 25.31 24.31 – – – – 23.96 24.31 34.85 32.13 46.88 38.77 – – – – – – 41.59 47.13 33.43 24.75 30.75 33.44 27.64 21.97 34.69 38.17 25.69 29.30 31.68 46.25 48.72 55.11 20.03 17.21 17.62 21.51 22.52 24.54 41.59 47.13 30.38 22.99 – – 26.30 – – 38.37 25.91 29.30 32.57 46.25 49.05 55.11 20.14 17.16 17.53 21.51 22.64 24.69 – – 35.74 – 33.76 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 41.59 47.13 33.70 25.18 30.75 33.44 28.52 – 34.69 38.17 25.69 29.30 31.68 46.25 48.72 55.11 20.00 17.20 17.62 21.36 22.52 24.47 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 20.59 20.70 20.60 – 23.37 19.90 22.23 19.00 23.15 23.72 23.37 19.90 22.27 17.91 23.00 23.72 23.37 19.90 22.24 19.00 23.15 23.72 – – – – – – – – – 22.05 – – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: (-Continued) Sales occupations: Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ Level 5 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Sales occupations, other business services ......... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. Sales workers, apparel ......................................... Sales workers, other commodities ........................ Level 4 .............................................................. Cashiers ............................................................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ....................... Administrative support occupations, including clerical: Supervisors, general office ................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Supervisors, financial records processing ............ Computer operators .............................................. Secretaries ........................................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Typists .................................................................. Interviewers .......................................................... Hotel clerks ........................................................... Transportation ticket and reservation agents ....... Receptionists ........................................................ Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... Order clerks .......................................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Library clerks ........................................................ Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... Level 4 .............................................................. Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Payroll and timekeeping clerks ............................. Billing clerks .......................................................... Level 4 .............................................................. Telephone operators ............................................ Level 2 .............................................................. Mail clerks except postal service .......................... Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... Level 3 .............................................................. Stock and inventory clerks .................................... Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators ................................................... Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Bill and account collectors .................................... General office clerks ............................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 26 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $17.85 14.58 12.70 28.07 $17.76 13.87 12.70 28.07 – – – – $17.85 14.58 12.70 28.07 – – – – 35.73 7.19 9.95 9.64 8.47 6.87 10.76 14.15 35.73 7.19 9.95 9.64 7.76 6.82 8.69 14.15 – – – – $16.99 – 18.86 – 35.73 – 12.11 10.43 11.25 – 11.92 – – – $7.49 – 7.01 6.83 8.83 – 17.78 18.99 18.68 16.50 15.18 9.90 13.60 13.61 15.81 18.41 13.15 11.40 9.54 13.54 10.00 8.14 9.44 11.84 14.11 11.99 8.88 13.25 11.41 13.05 12.69 10.84 12.67 13.91 12.50 10.59 9.66 11.42 11.71 8.75 12.63 11.12 15.92 17.55 – 18.68 16.51 14.65 9.90 12.74 13.64 15.49 18.41 – 11.51 9.54 13.54 9.96 – 9.40 11.84 13.80 11.99 8.88 – 11.38 13.05 12.43 10.81 12.29 13.42 12.41 10.59 9.66 11.57 – 8.67 12.63 11.12 15.33 – – – – 17.08 – 15.86 – 16.67 – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.37 – – 14.75 – – – – – – – – – – – – 17.81 18.99 18.68 16.70 15.33 9.85 13.73 13.53 15.82 18.44 13.49 11.55 – – 10.15 – – 11.84 14.34 12.64 – 14.00 11.81 13.05 12.82 10.84 12.78 13.90 12.50 10.52 – 12.22 – 9.50 12.66 11.16 15.92 – – – – 12.60 – – – – – – 10.97 – 13.08 9.34 – 9.50 – – 8.38 – – – – 11.17 – – – – – – 8.14 – – – – – 16.04 13.02 9.15 13.39 13.14 12.35 12.91 10.42 12.02 12.86 14.25 16.04 13.02 9.15 13.39 13.14 12.35 12.41 8.12 11.08 12.03 13.71 – – – – – – 13.64 – 13.08 14.08 – 16.04 12.99 – 13.39 13.04 12.35 13.25 11.04 12.26 13.13 14.25 – 13.25 – – – – 8.48 7.84 9.44 – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical: (-Continued) Data entry keyers ................................................. Teachers’ aides .................................................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... Level 3 .............................................................. Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Blue-collar occupations: Precision production, craft, and repair occupations: Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Level 7 .............................................................. Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Level 7 .............................................................. Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics Level 7 .............................................................. Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Carpenters ............................................................ Level 7 .............................................................. Electricians ........................................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Electrical power installers and repairers ............... Level 7 .............................................................. Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters .................. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Machinists ............................................................. Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers .. Butchers and meat cutters .................................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors: Molding and casting machine operators ............... Printing press operators ....................................... Textile sewing machine operators ........................ Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Welders and cutters .............................................. Assemblers ........................................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Level 3 .............................................................. Production testers ................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations: Truck drivers ......................................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Bus drivers ............................................................ Excavating and loading machine operators .......... Level 5 .............................................................. Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers: Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Level 3 .............................................................. Construction laborers ........................................... Stock handlers and baggers ................................. See footnotes at end of table. 27 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $11.48 11.03 9.05 11.21 13.46 10.01 23.49 $10.26 – – – 13.48 10.01 23.49 – $11.05 9.05 11.28 – – – $11.71 10.67 9.15 11.41 14.25 – 26.45 – – – – $10.18 – – 18.13 20.36 23.07 15.37 16.40 – 20.00 – 15.37 16.40 – – – – – 18.13 20.36 23.07 15.37 16.40 – – – – – 20.38 19.04 21.69 21.69 22.44 18.42 24.45 24.46 19.76 17.39 19.03 19.47 24.25 18.96 11.98 14.20 20.38 18.23 – – 22.37 – 24.56 24.74 – 19.57 19.03 19.47 24.25 18.96 11.98 14.20 20.38 19.04 21.69 21.69 22.44 18.42 24.45 24.46 19.76 17.39 19.03 19.47 24.25 18.96 11.98 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 9.99 14.15 9.83 7.84 12.15 10.54 11.38 13.23 12.69 15.39 9.17 11.04 9.39 11.09 9.99 14.15 9.83 7.45 11.83 10.54 11.38 13.23 12.69 – 9.17 11.04 9.39 11.09 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 9.99 14.44 9.83 – 12.15 10.54 11.36 13.23 12.69 15.39 9.41 11.04 9.39 11.09 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.31 13.39 14.52 16.92 15.06 24.03 24.19 11.62 15.47 13.62 14.65 16.92 12.78 24.25 24.19 11.62 – – – – – – – – 15.45 13.44 14.52 16.92 15.44 24.03 24.19 11.62 – – – – – – – – 12.44 11.04 19.51 8.79 12.14 – – 8.79 13.37 – 19.51 10.36 – – – 6.69 – – – – 22.91 22.91 – – – 13.64 – – – – – – – – 13.96 – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level Blue-collar occupations: (-Continued) Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers: (-Continued) Stock handlers and baggers (-Continued) Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Machine feeders and offbearers ........................... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Hand packers and packagers ............................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Service occupations: Protective service occupations: Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention occupations .................................................... Supervisors, police and detectives ....................... Firefighting occupations ........................................ Level 5 .............................................................. Police and detectives, public service .................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Guards and police except public service .............. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Protective service occupations, N.E.C. ................ Level 3 .............................................................. Food service occupations: Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Bartenders ............................................................ Level 3 .............................................................. Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Cooks ................................................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Level 2 .............................................................. Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Health service occupations: Health aides, except nursing ................................ Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 28 All industries Private industry $7.18 7.49 9.81 10.81 11.18 10.76 9.90 11.97 8.95 7.93 9.45 11.45 7.61 15.28 $7.18 7.49 9.81 10.81 11.18 10.75 9.90 11.97 8.95 7.93 9.45 10.57 7.40 13.60 23.42 26.69 17.42 18.47 18.83 18.84 19.39 8.94 8.47 12.12 8.23 8.48 – – – – – – – 8.83 8.27 – – – 14.53 6.62 7.33 3.55 3.24 3.71 10.37 9.28 10.08 7.31 8.28 7.52 5.22 7.46 7.46 7.21 7.88 14.53 6.62 7.33 3.55 3.24 3.71 10.36 9.28 10.08 7.24 8.28 7.52 5.22 7.43 7.43 7.18 7.88 10.35 9.47 8.73 10.43 11.07 10.41 11.01 10.25 9.86 10.35 9.47 8.71 10.31 11.07 10.08 – 9.95 9.76 All industries State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers – – – – – – – – – – – $16.84 – – $8.88 – 10.67 10.89 11.38 10.74 – 11.86 9.28 8.65 9.45 12.09 – 15.29 $6.52 7.14 6.56 – – – – – – – – 7.76 7.57 – 23.42 26.69 17.42 18.47 18.83 18.84 19.39 – – – – – 23.42 26.69 17.43 – 18.91 18.86 19.39 9.25 9.01 12.12 – – – – – – – – – 7.99 7.79 – 8.23 8.48 14.94 – – 4.11 – – 10.65 – 10.47 – 8.58 – – 7.69 7.93 7.35 – – – – 3.13 – 3.40 8.94 – – 7.42 7.71 7.42 5.46 7.17 6.73 7.09 – 10.97 – – – – 10.43 10.76 10.30 9.83 9.04 – 8.59 – – 10.36 – 9.93 9.97 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 11.65 11.32 – 11.38 Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level Service occupations: (-Continued) Cleaning and building service occupations: Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers ........................................................... Maids and housemen ........................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Personal service occupations: Welfare service aides ........................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Child care workers, N.E.C. ................................... Service occupations, N.E.C. ................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule All industries State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers – $8.51 7.67 10.06 8.99 9.54 12.21 – – – – $13.11 11.83 12.73 – – $20.46 8.03 7.44 11.68 10.57 10.74 12.58 13.93 – – – $8.30 8.06 – – – 10.11 10.06 8.39 10.27 7.70 – – – – – – – – – 9.77 10.98 – – 9.19 – 7.47 8.93 – – All industries Private industry $16.12 8.51 7.67 10.80 9.43 10.54 12.58 13.78 10.11 10.06 8.59 10.19 7.75 10.77 based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 29 Table C-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and selected characteristics, all industries, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 Occupational group2 Full-time workers3 Part-time workers3 Union4 Nonunion4 Time5 Incentive5 All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ $19.26 19.25 $10.82 11.54 $18.92 19.56 $17.96 18.00 $18.13 18.42 $22.43 15.93 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar excluding sales ............................................. 22.57 22.83 13.53 16.56 21.55 23.48 21.61 22.06 21.47 22.29 29.97 – Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Technical occupations .................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Sales occupations ............................................................ Administrative support including clerical occupations ...... 26.82 29.16 18.52 28.98 19.45 13.20 21.06 22.71 15.94 19.66 7.33 10.28 28.79 29.72 23.04 25.88 9.01 14.16 25.42 28.08 17.39 29.07 17.39 12.62 26.24 28.53 18.24 28.77 13.21 12.91 – – – – 28.54 – Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... 14.79 18.36 12.03 15.85 12.48 8.20 – – 11.51 7.57 17.94 20.93 14.77 17.95 14.04 12.27 15.65 11.26 13.22 10.06 14.44 18.32 12.05 15.43 11.49 12.73 – 10.00 – – Service occupations ........................................................... 12.20 7.75 14.87 9.08 11.01 – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 5 Time workers’ wages are based solely on an hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 30 Table C-2. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers2, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 Goods-producing industries4 Occupational group3 All private industries Total Mining Construction Manufacturing Service-producing industries5 Total TransWholeportsale ation and and retail public trade utilities Services – – $18.14 17.99 All occupations ........................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ................................................ $17.65 17.84 – – $18.54 18.54 – – – – White-collar occupations ....................................................... White-collar excluding sales ................................................. 21.21 22.02 – – – – – – – – 20.14 21.09 20.49 19.55 15.22 20.79 – – 22.27 22.16 Professional specialty and technical occupations ................ Professional specialty occupations ................................... Technical occupations ...................................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ....... Sales occupations ................................................................ Administrative support, including clerical occupations ......... 25.55 28.24 18.13 29.09 15.25 12.77 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 24.44 26.99 17.72 28.00 14.45 12.68 21.16 31.25 18.36 28.14 26.69 14.59 27.85 29.12 – 29.08 10.82 11.09 – – – – – – 24.44 26.54 17.64 28.49 25.83 12.73 Blue-collar occupations ......................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .............. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .................. Transportation and material moving occupations ................. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......... 14.04 18.07 11.77 15.35 11.17 – – – – – 17.21 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.51 21.32 8.14 14.83 9.49 17.59 21.94 – 15.89 10.52 11.34 20.45 – 14.26 9.08 – – – – – 11.46 19.82 8.06 10.00 10.12 Service occupations ............................................................... 9.17 – – – – 9.06 – 6.95 – 9.66 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. $17.05 $19.56 $12.37 17.33 18.95 13.07 Finance, insurance, and real estate 4 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing. 5 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 31 Table C-3. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and establishment employment size, private industry, all workers2, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 100 workers or more All private industry workers 50 - 99 workers All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ $17.65 17.84 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar excluding sales ............................................. Occupational group3 Total 100 - 499 workers 500 workers or more $14.96 14.23 $18.23 18.56 $16.68 17.12 $20.00 20.09 21.21 22.02 19.72 19.68 21.47 22.36 19.94 21.43 22.86 23.09 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Technical occupations .................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Sales occupations ............................................................ Administrative support, including clerical occupations ..... 25.55 28.24 18.13 29.09 15.25 12.77 22.79 25.91 16.35 30.37 19.85 12.29 25.77 28.41 18.31 28.88 13.16 12.87 23.73 26.80 16.78 29.28 12.48 12.88 27.10 29.37 19.63 28.49 16.21 12.86 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... 14.04 18.07 11.77 15.35 11.17 12.18 15.12 11.73 13.22 10.81 14.46 18.40 11.78 15.93 11.32 14.19 18.33 11.60 15.36 10.92 14.95 18.51 12.07 17.51 12.25 Service occupations ........................................................... 9.17 7.77 9.72 9.16 10.53 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 32 Table C-4. Number of workers1 represented by occupational group, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 All workers Occupational group2 All industries All occupations ....................................................................... 1,523,887 All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 1,415,396 Private industry State and local government 1,257,829 1,151,822 266,058 263,574 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar excluding sales ............................................. 925,728 817,237 745,991 639,984 179,737 177,253 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Technical occupations .................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Sales occupations ............................................................ Administrative support including clerical occupations ...... 385,646 307,420 78,225 156,378 108,491 275,214 286,473 212,964 73,508 133,533 106,007 219,979 99,173 94,456 4,717 22,845 2,484 55,235 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... 315,007 93,282 101,291 39,745 80,690 289,638 82,478 98,072 34,086 75,002 25,369 10,804 – 5,658 5,688 Service occupations ........................................................... 283,152 222,201 60,951 1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 33 Appendix A. Technical Note This section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data contained in this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for the survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing the data. While this section answers some questions commonly asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive description of all the steps required to produce the data. Sampling frame The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from the State unemployment insurance reports for the BostonWorcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area. The reference month for the public sector is June 1994. Due to the volatility of industries within the private sector, sampling frames were developed using the most recent month of reference available at the time the sample was selected. The reference month for the private sector is December 1995. The sampling frame was reviewed prior to the survey and, when necessary, missing establishments were added, out-of-business and out-of-scope establishments were removed, and addresses, employment levels, industry classification, and other information were updated. Planning for the survey The overall design of the survey is based on the type of data to be produced. Establishments that participate in the NCS are studied for several collection cycles. This allows changes in wages within these establishments to be observed over time. Individual wage data are collected for selected jobs during each establishment’s initial cycle and updated during subsequent cycles. When data are not available during a collection cycle, efforts are made to collect the data during subsequent cycles and include it in later tabulations. Beginning in the year 2000, the current NCS sample will be replenished on a rotating basis. Sample design The sample for this survey area was selected using a two stage stratified design with probability proportional to employment sampling at each stage. The first stage of sample selection was a probability sample of establishments. The sample of establishments was drawn by first stratifying the sampling frame where the strata are determined by industry and whether the establishment is Private, State government or local government. The number of sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the stratum employment. Each sampled establishment is selected within a stratum with a probability proportional to its employment. Use of this technique means that the larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of selection. Weights were applied to each establishment when the data were tabulated so that the sample units within each stratum represent all the units within the stratum, both sampled and nonsampled. See appendix table 1 for a count of establishments in the survey by employment size. The second stage of sample selection, detailed below, was a probability sample of occupations within a sampled establishment. Survey scope This survey of the Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MANH-ME-CT, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area covered establishments employing 50 workers or more in goods-producing industries (mining, construction and manufacturing); service-producing industries (transportation, communications, electric, gas, and sanitary services; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services industries); and State and local governments. Agriculture, private households, and the Federal Government were excluded from the scope of the survey. For purposes of this survey an establishment was an economic unit which produces goods or services, a central administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing support services to a company. For private industries in this survey, the establishment was usually at a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment was defined as all locations of a government entity. The Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, CMSA includes Essex County, Middlesex County, Norfolk County, Plymouth County, Suffolk County, twelve communities in Bristol County, one in Hampden County, and fifty-two in Worcester County, MA; eighteen in Hillsborough County, two in Merrimack County, thirty-four in Rockingham County, and ten in Strafford County, NH; five in York County, ME; and one in Windham County, CT. Data collection Detailed procedures are followed when collecting data from survey respondents. For the initial data collection, field economists, working out of the Regional Office, visited each establishment surveyed. The field economists through mail, phone, or personal visit - completed update collection, which involved obtaining current pay data. 34 · · · · · · · · · The following procedures are used for schedules initiated for the first time or reinitiated during an update. Occupational selection and classification Identification of the occupations for which wage data were to be collected was a multi-step process: 1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs. 2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the Census of Population system. 3. Characterization of jobs as full-time v. part-time, union v. nonunion, and time v. incentive. 4. Determination of the level of work of each job. A complete list of all individual occupations, classified by the MOG to which they belong, is contained in appendix B. In step three, certain other job characteristics of the chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was identified as holding either a full-time or part-time job, based on the establishment’s definition of those terms. Then the worker was classified as having a time versus incentive job, depending on whether any part of pay was directly based on the actual production of the worker, rather than solely on hours worked. Finally, the worker was identified as being in a union job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition of Terms” section on the following page for more detail. For each occupation, wage data were collected for those workers who met all the criteria identified in the last three steps. Special procedures were developed for jobs for which a correct classification or level could not be determined. In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each establishment by the BLS field economist during a personal visit. A complete list of employees was used for sampling, with each selected worker representing a job within the establishment. As with the selection of establishments, the selection of a job was based on probability proportional to its size in the establishment. The greater the number of people working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance of selection. The number of jobs collected in each establishment was based on an establishment’s employment size as shown in the following schedule: Number of employees 50-99 100-249 250-999 1000-2,499 2,500+ Professional specialty and technical Executive, administrative, and managerial Sales Administrative support including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Service occupations Generic leveling through point factor analysis In the last step before wage data were collected, the work level of each selected job was determined using a “generic leveling” process. Generic leveling ranks and compares all occupations randomly selected in an establishment using the same criteria. This is a major departure from the method used in the past in the Bureau’s Occupational Compensation Surveys which studied specifically defined occupations with leveling definitions unique to each occupation. For this survey, the level of each occupation in an establishment was determined by an analysis of each of 10 leveling factors. Nine of these factors are drawn from the U.S. Government Office of Personnel Management’s Factor Evaluation System, which is the underlying structure for evaluation of General Schedule Federal employees. The tenth factor, supervisory duties, attempts to account for the effect of supervisory duties. It is considered experimental. The 10 factors are: Number of selected jobs 8 10 12 16 20 The second step of the process entailed classifying the selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. The National Compensation Survey occupational classification system is based on the 1990 Census of Population. A selected job may fall into any one of about 480 occupational classifications, from accountant to wood lathe operator. In cases where a job’s duties overlapped two or more census classification codes, the duties used to set the wage level were used to classify the job. Classification by primary duties was the fallback. Each occupational classification is an element of a broader classification known as a major occupational group (MOG). Occupations can fall into any of the following MOG’s: · · · · · · · · · · Knowledge Supervision received Guidelines Complexity Scope and effect Personal contacts Purpose of contacts Physical demands Work environment Supervisory duties Each factor contains a number of levels and each level has an associated written description and point value. The 35 · number and range of points differ among the factors. For each factor, an occupation was assigned a level based on which written description best matched the job. Within each occupation, the points for 9 factors (supervisory duties was excluded) were recorded and totaled. The total determines the overall level of the occupation. Appendix table 3 presents average work levels for published occupational groups and selected occupations. A description of the levels for each factor is shown in appendix C. Tabulations of levels of work for occupations in the survey follow the Federal Government’s white-collar General Schedule. Point ranges for each of the 15 levels are shown in appendix D. It also includes an example of a leveled job and a guide to help data users evaluate jobs in their firm. Wage data collected in prior surveys using the new generic leveling method were evaluated by BLS researchers using regression techniques. For each of the major occupational groups, wages were compared to the 10 generic level factors (and levels within those factors). The analysis showed that several of the generic level factors, most notably knowledge and supervision received, had strong explanatory power for wages. That is, as the levels within a given factor increased, the wages also increased. Detailed research continues in the area. The results of this research will be published by BLS in the future. · · · In order to calculate earnings for various time periods (hourly, weekly, and annual), data on work schedules were also collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours worked per day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were recorded. Annual weeks worked were determined. Because salaried workers, exempt from overtime provisions, often work beyond the assigned work schedule, their typical number of hours actually worked was collected. Definition of terms Full-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be full time. Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied, at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales. Collection period The survey was collected from September 1998 through January 1998. The average payroll reference month was October 1998. For each establishment in the survey, the data reflect the establishment’s practices on the day of collection. Level. A ranking of an occupation based on the requirements of the position. (See the description in the technical note and the example for more details on the leveling process.) Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not meeting the conditions for union coverage (see below). Earnings Earnings were defined as regular payments from the employer to the employee as compensation for straighttime hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The following components were included as part of earnings: · · · · · Part-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be part-time. Straight-time. Time worked at the standard rate of pay for the job. Incentive pay, including commissions, production bonuses, and piece rates Cost-of-living allowances Hazard pay Payments of income deferred due to participation in a salary reduction plan Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight or passengers Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied to an hourly rate or salary, and not to a specific level of production. Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation when all of the following conditions are met: · The following forms of payments were not considered part of straight-time earnings: · · Bonuses not directly tied to production (e.g., Christmas bonuses, profit-sharing bonuses) Uniform and tool allowances Free room and board Payments made by third parties (e.g., tips, bonuses given by manufacturers to department store salespeople, referral incentives in real estate) On-call pay · · Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for working a schedule that varies from the norm, such as night or weekend work Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends 36 A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining agent for all workers in the occupation. Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations. Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed mutually binding collective bargaining agreement. As a result of the use of sampling weights, the number of workers estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study not the actual number of workers surveyed. Processing and analyzing the data Data were processed and analyzed at the Bureau’s National Office following collection. Data reliability The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically selected probability sample. There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling and nonsampling. Sampling errors occur because observations come only from a sample and not from an entire population. The sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible samples of the same size that could have been selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from the different samples would differ from each other. A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error divided by the estimate. Appendix table 2 contains RSE data for selected series in this bulletin. RSE data for all series in this bulletin are available on the Internet web site and by request to the BLS National Office. The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an example, suppose table A-1 shows that mean hourly earnings for all workers was $12.79 per hour, and appendix table 2 shows a relative standard error of 3.6 percent for this estimate. At the 90-percent level, the confidence interval for this estimate is $13.55 to $12.03 ($12.79 plus and minus 1.645 times 3.6 percent times $12.79). If all possible samples were selected to estimate the population value, the interval from each sample would include the true population value approximately 90 percent of the time. Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data obtained. A Technical Reinterview Program done in all survey areas will be used in the development of a formal quality assessment process to help compute nonsampling error. Although they also were not specifically measured, efforts were made to minimize nonsampling errors by the extensive training of field economists who gathered survey data, computer editing of the data, and detailed data review. Weighting and nonresponse Sample weights were calculated for each establishment/occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the relative size of the occupation within the establishment and of the establishment within the sample universe. Weights were used to aggregate the individual establishment/occupations into the various data series. Of the establishments surveyed, 26.0 percent (representing 454,337 employees) refused to supply information. If data were not provided by a sample member, the weights of responding sample members in the same or similar “cells” were adjusted to account for the missing data. This technique assumes that the mean value of the nonrespondents equals the mean value of the respondents at some detailed “cell” level. Responding and nonresponding establishments were classified into these cells according to industry and employment size. Responding and nonresponding occupations within responding establishments were classified into cells which were additionally defined by major occupation group and job level. Establishments which were determined to be out of business or outside the scope of the survey (6.1 percent of the total sample) had their weights changed to zero. If only partial data were given by a sample establishment or occupation, or data were missing, the response was treated as a refusal. Estimation The wage series in the tables are computed by combining the wages for individual establishment/occupations. Before being combined, individual wage rates are weighted by: number of workers; the sample weight adjusted for nonresponding establishments and other factors; and the occupation work schedule, varying depending on whether hourly, weekly, or annual rates are being calculated. The respondent has the option of giving mean data instead of individual wages in the years following the initiation. In 1998, the publication criteria were changed to allow more data to publish. Not all series that were calculated met the criteria for publication. Before any series was published, it was reviewed to make sure that the number of observations underlying it was sufficient. This review prevented publishing a series that could have revealed information about a specific establishment. 37 Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied by industry division and establishment employment size, and number of establishments represented, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 Number of establishments studied Industry All industries ......................................................... Private industry ................................................. Goods-producing industries .......................... Mining ....................................................... Construction ............................................. Manufacturing ........................................... Service-producing industries ........................ Tranportation and public utilities ............... Wholesale and retail trade ........................ Finance, insurance and real estate .......... Services .................................................... State and local government .............................. Number of establishments represented 100 workers or more Total studied 8,457 7,919 2,027 5 230 1,792 5,892 468 2,305 503 2,615 539 448 397 95 3 9 83 302 24 85 30 163 51 50 - 99 workers 104 98 20 2 1 17 78 6 33 6 33 6 Total 344 299 75 1 8 66 224 18 52 24 130 45 100 - 499 workers 206 180 43 1 7 35 137 10 42 12 73 26 NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Overall industry and industry groups may include data for categories not shown separately. 38 500 workers or more 138 119 32 – 1 31 87 8 10 12 57 19 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 (in percent) Occupation3 All industries Private industry State and local government All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... 2.2 2.1 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.9 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Civil engineers ...................................................... Industrial engineers .............................................. Mechanical engineers ........................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Operations and systems researchers and analysts .......................................................... Natural scientists ...................................................... Chemists, except biochemists .............................. Medical scientists ................................................. Health related occupations ....................................... Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Pharmacists .......................................................... Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. Medical science teachers ..................................... Business, commerce and marketing teachers ...... Art, drama and music teachers ............................. English teachers ................................................... Foreign language teachers ................................... Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified .. Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ......................... Teachers, except college and university .................. Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Librarians .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Social, recreation, and religious workers .................. Social workers ...................................................... Lawyers and judges .................................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Public relations specialists .................................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Technical occupations .................................................. Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians Radiological technicians ....................................... Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ........................... Drafters ................................................................. Computer programmers ....................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... 2.0 2.1 2.3 7.9 6.6 3.1 4.0 3.0 2.9 2.4 2.6 2.6 13.9 6.6 3.1 4.7 2.8 2.7 3.3 3.3 – – – – – – – 4.3 11.0 23.2 16.5 4.9 20.3 2.1 3.0 4.2 10.6 6.3 9.8 8.6 8.2 6.1 10.2 16.7 17.6 4.2 20.4 4.9 4.7 9.5 15.0 10.8 6.1 6.7 – 7.3 7.6 13.1 3.5 11.3 23.2 17.4 5.2 16.3 2.2 3.0 4.8 10.6 7.5 9.8 8.6 – 10.5 – – 14.7 9.2 – – 4.4 – 9.5 – 6.9 8.1 – 7.4 7.9 – – – – – 7.9 – 5.3 – – – 4.7 – – – – – – – 4.3 – 5.0 4.8 – 7.5 – 10.3 10.3 – 7.2 7.2 – 6.9 12.3 21.2 10.3 12.3 3.5 5.7 7.6 2.3 6.3 3.8 8.0 5.2 5.3 8.4 3.1 7.1 12.4 21.2 – 12.3 3.6 5.8 7.6 2.3 4.7 3.9 8.3 5.2 5.8 8.6 3.4 – – – – – 10.2 – – 7.0 – – – – – – 8.0 See footnotes at end of table. 39 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued (in percent) Occupation3 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Administrators and officials, public administration Financial managers .............................................. Personnel and labor relations managers .............. Managers, marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Administrators, education and related fields ......... Managers, medicine and health ........................... Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. Management related occupations ............................ Accountants and auditors ..................................... Other financial officers .......................................... Management analysts .......................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products .......................................................... Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ Sales occupations ............................................................ Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ Sales occupations, other business services ......... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. Sales workers, apparel ......................................... Sales workers, other commodities ........................ Cashiers ............................................................... Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ....................... Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... Supervisors, general office ................................... Supervisors, financial records processing ............ Computer operators .............................................. Secretaries ........................................................... Typists .................................................................. Interviewers .......................................................... Hotel clerks ........................................................... Transportation ticket and reservation agents ....... Receptionists ........................................................ Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... Order clerks .......................................................... Library clerks ........................................................ Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... Payroll and timekeeping clerks ............................. Billing clerks .......................................................... Telephone operators ............................................ Mail clerks except postal service .......................... Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... Stock and inventory clerks .................................... Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators ................................................... Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... Bill and account collectors .................................... General office clerks ............................................. Data entry keyers ................................................. Teachers’ aides .................................................... Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... See footnotes at end of table. 40 All industries Private industry State and local government 3.7 6.0 7.1 28.1 4.2 – 7.2 28.1 8.3 4.1 – – 9.1 10.5 8.8 5.1 2.5 4.3 4.7 9.0 9.1 12.9 8.3 5.3 2.7 4.8 4.7 9.8 – 12.8 – – 4.3 – – – 7.3 7.4 – 8.4 7.2 5.9 9.9 18.3 24.8 8.4 7.2 7.0 10.2 19.0 24.8 – – 4.9 5.7 – – 22.7 3.2 8.3 5.6 8.3 2.4 6.8 5.2 7.7 2.7 4.5 3.8 7.0 5.3 6.6 10.1 7.3 8.8 6.4 3.2 9.1 5.9 6.1 4.8 5.8 5.3 22.7 3.2 8.3 6.1 8.3 2.8 7.1 5.2 7.8 2.9 – 5.1 7.0 5.3 7.0 11.4 7.3 – 6.5 3.3 9.5 5.9 6.0 4.7 5.8 4.7 – – – 6.2 – 2.5 – – – 3.6 – – – – – – – 12.2 – 7.3 – – – – – – 3.4 4.5 6.5 3.1 4.7 6.2 9.4 3.4 4.5 6.5 5.1 6.2 – 9.9 – – – 2.5 – 6.3 – 2.3 3.5 2.5 3.9 3.6 4.2 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued (in percent) Occupation3 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Precision production, craft, and repair occupations (-Continued) Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Carpenters ............................................................ Electricians ........................................................... Electrical power installers and repairers ............... Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters .................. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Machinists ............................................................. Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers .. Butchers and meat cutters .................................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Molding and casting machine operators ............... Printing press operators ....................................... Textile sewing machine operators ........................ Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Welders and cutters .............................................. Assemblers ........................................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Production testers ................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Truck drivers ......................................................... Bus drivers ............................................................ Excavating and loading machine operators .......... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Construction laborers ........................................... Stock handlers and baggers ................................. Machine feeders and offbearers ........................... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Hand packers and packagers ............................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Service occupations ........................................................... Protective service occupations ................................. Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention occupations .................................................... Supervisors, police and detectives ....................... Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Guards and police except public service .............. Protective service occupations, N.E.C. ................ Food service occupations ......................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Bartenders ............................................................ Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Cooks ................................................................... Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Health service occupations ....................................... Health aides, except nursing ................................ Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Cleaning and building service occupations .............. See footnotes at end of table. 41 All industries Private industry State and local government 6.4 8.9 3.4 6.0 5.8 10.3 1.9 9.3 11.1 7.5 4.2 5.4 11.3 3.1 9.9 7.3 5.8 6.0 5.7 4.5 4.7 7.7 6.9 3.8 5.3 6.1 4.4 9.6 5.2 6.8 8.4 3.6 12.7 7.7 9.1 7.8 – 11.2 3.4 7.9 – 11.9 2.4 – 12.7 7.5 4.2 5.4 11.3 3.1 9.9 7.3 5.8 1.0 5.2 – 4.7 7.7 6.9 4.5 5.6 7.0 4.4 9.6 5.8 13.9 – 3.6 12.7 7.7 9.1 7.8 – – – – – 12.6 – – 8.5 – – – – 10.1 – – – – – – – – – 5.1 – – – – 5.3 – 6.0 – – – – 13.9 2.7 7.2 2.4 5.1 2.7 2.7 1.2 9.4 4.7 2.7 4.6 3.8 4.9 – – – – 4.4 – 5.0 1.2 9.4 4.7 2.7 – – 11.0 8.3 20.1 11.1 4.5 9.4 6.7 9.2 3.7 1.5 3.9 1.5 3.7 8.3 20.1 11.1 4.7 9.5 6.7 9.2 3.7 1.8 4.1 2.0 4.2 – – – – – – – – 1.4 – 1.3 5.6 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued (in percent) Occupation3 Service occupations (-Continued) Cleaning and building service occupations (-Continued) Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers ........................................................... Maids and housemen ........................................... Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Personal service occupations ................................... Welfare service aides ........................................... Child care workers, N.E.C. ................................... Service occupations, N.E.C. ................................. 1 The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. Hourly earnings for these occupations are presented in Tables A-1 and A-2. Reliable relative standard errors could not be determined for all occupations. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are All industries Private industry State and local government 23.4 5.9 3.8 10.1 6.4 9.1 5.9 – 5.9 4.7 11.0 6.4 9.4 6.3 – – 3.7 14.9 – – – classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. 42 Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 All occupations ................................................................................. All occupations excluding sales ...................................................... 6 6 6 6 4 4 White-collar occupations ............................................................. White-collar occupations excluding sales ................................... 7 7 8 8 5 6 Professional specialty and technical occupations ...................... Professional specialty occupations ......................................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ................................. Civil engineers ................................................................ Industrial engineers ........................................................ Mechanical engineers ..................................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ..................... Operations and systems researchers and analysts ........ Natural scientists ................................................................ Chemists, except biochemists ........................................ Medical scientists ........................................................... Health related occupations ................................................. Physicians ...................................................................... Registered nurses .......................................................... Pharmacists .................................................................... Respiratory therapists ..................................................... Physical therapists .......................................................... Teachers, college and university ........................................ Medical science teachers ............................................... Business, commerce and marketing teachers ................ Art, drama and music teachers ....................................... English teachers ............................................................. Foreign language teachers ............................................. Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ............ Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ................................... Teachers, except college and university ............................ Prekindergarten and kindergarten .................................. Elementary school teachers ........................................... Secondary school teachers ............................................ Teachers, special education ........................................... Teachers, N.E.C. ............................................................ Vocational and educational counselors .......................... Librarians, archivists, and curators ..................................... Librarians ........................................................................ Social scientists and urban planners .................................. Social, recreation, and religious workers ............................ Social workers ................................................................ Lawyers and judges ............................................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. ........................................................................... Designers ....................................................................... Editors and reporters ...................................................... Public relations specialists .............................................. Professional occupations, N.E.C. ................................... Technical occupations ............................................................ Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians ........... Radiological technicians ................................................. Licensed practical nurses ............................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ................. Electrical and electronic technicians ............................... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ..................................... Drafters ........................................................................... Computer programmers ................................................. Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ............. Executives, administrators, and managers ......................... Administrators and officials, public administration .......... Financial managers ........................................................ Personnel and labor relations managers ........................ Managers, marketing, advertising and public relations .. Administrators, education and related fields ................... 9 9 11 10 10 10 11 11 11 9 12 11 12 8 12 8 9 7 9 11 11 11 11 11 12 11 11 8 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 – 8 8 11 9 10 11 10 10 10 11 11 11 9 12 11 12 9 12 8 – 8 9 12 – – – 12 12 – 11 8 8 8 8 8 8 – 9 9 – 7 7 – 8 8 – – – – – – – – – – – 8 – 8 – – 9 10 – – – – – – – 7 – – – – 8 – – – – 9 9 – 9 9 9 9 9 7 6 7 5 6 7 7 6 9 7 10 11 9 11 10 12 11 9 9 9 8 11 7 6 7 5 6 7 7 6 9 7 10 11 9 11 10 12 11 7 – – – – 6 6 7 6 5 – – – – – 9 9 – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 43 Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Managers, medicine and health ..................................... Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ............................ Management related occupations ...................................... Accountants and auditors ............................................... Other financial officers .................................................... Management analysts .................................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ........ Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products .................................................................... Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. .......................... Management related occupations, N.E.C. ...................... Sales occupations ...................................................................... Supervisors, sales occupations ...................................... Sales occupations, other business services ................... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale .................................................................. Sales workers, apparel ................................................... Sales workers, other commodities .................................. Cashiers ......................................................................... Sales support occupations, N.E.C. ................................. Administrative support occupations, including clerical ............... Supervisors, general office ............................................. Supervisors, financial records processing ...................... Computer operators ........................................................ Secretaries ..................................................................... Typists ............................................................................ Interviewers .................................................................... Hotel clerks ..................................................................... Transportation ticket and reservation agents ................. Receptionists .................................................................. Information clerks, N.E.C. ............................................... Order clerks .................................................................... Library clerks .................................................................. Records clerks, N.E.C. ................................................... Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ................ Payroll and timekeeping clerks ....................................... Billing clerks .................................................................... Telephone operators ...................................................... Mail clerks except postal service .................................... Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ............................. Stock and inventory clerks .............................................. Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators ........ Investigators and adjusters except insurance ................ Bill and account collectors .............................................. General office clerks ....................................................... Data entry keyers ........................................................... Teachers’ aides .............................................................. Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ................... Blue-collar occupations ............................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .................... Automobile mechanics ................................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ................. Industrial machinery repairers ........................................ Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .................................... Carpenters ...................................................................... Electricians ..................................................................... Electrical power installers and repairers ......................... Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ............................ Construction trades, N.E.C. ............................................ Supervisors, production occupations .............................. Machinists ....................................................................... Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ............ Butchers and meat cutters .............................................. See footnotes at end of table. 44 11 11 8 8 9 9 9 11 11 8 8 9 9 9 – – 8 – – – – 9 8 9 4 7 8 9 8 9 6 7 8 – – – 2 – – 10 2 3 2 6 4 7 7 5 5 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 2 2 4 5 6 5 5 4 3 3 4 10 – 4 3 – 4 7 7 5 5 4 5 – – 3 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 4 5 6 5 5 4 3 3 4 – – 3 2 – 3 – – – 4 – 4 – 5 2 – 3 – – 3 – – 3 – – – – 5 – 3 – – 3 4 6 7 6 6 7 7 8 7 7 5 8 7 4 5 5 6 7 6 6 7 7 8 7 7 5 8 7 4 – 2 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT, October 1998 — Continued All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........................ Molding and casting machine operators ......................... Printing press operators ................................................. Textile sewing machine operators .................................. Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ........... Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ..................... Welders and cutters ........................................................ Assemblers ..................................................................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ............ Production testers ........................................................... Transportation and material moving occupations ....................... Truck drivers ................................................................... Bus drivers ...................................................................... Excavating and loading machine operators .................... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ............ Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................ Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ................. Construction laborers ..................................................... Stock handlers and baggers ........................................... Machine feeders and offbearers ..................................... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ................. Hand packers and packagers ......................................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ............................. 4 3 6 3 2 3 7 2 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 4 3 6 3 – 3 7 3 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 3 4 2 3 2 3 2 3 – – – – – – – – – – 3 – – – – 2 – – 2 – – – 1 Service occupations ..................................................................... Protective service occupations ........................................... Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention occupations Supervisors, police and detectives ................................. Firefighting occupations .................................................. Police and detectives, public service .............................. Guards and police except public service ........................ Protective service occupations, N.E.C. .......................... Food service occupations ................................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations Bartenders ...................................................................... Waiters and waitresses .................................................. Cooks ............................................................................. Food counter, fountain, and related occupations ........... Kitchen workers, food preparation .................................. Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ...................................... Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ........................... Health service occupations ................................................. Health aides, except nursing .......................................... Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ......................... Cleaning and building service occupations ........................ Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers ....... Maids and housemen ..................................................... Janitors and cleaners ..................................................... Personal service occupations ............................................. Welfare service aides ..................................................... Child care workers, N.E.C. ............................................. Service occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 3 5 8 9 6 6 3 3 3 6 4 3 4 2 3 2 2 3 4 3 2 5 2 2 3 3 2 4 4 5 8 9 6 6 3 – 3 6 – 2 4 – 3 – 2 4 5 3 2 7 2 2 5 – 4 4 2 3 – – – – 3 3 2 – – 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 – – 2 3 3 2 3 1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. The occupations titled authors, musicians, actors, painters, photographers, dancers, artists, athletes, and legislators cannot be assigned a work level. include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the occupation. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may 45