Full text of Monthly Labor Review : June 1959, Vol. 82, No. 6
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Monthly
Labor
KALAMAZOO
<yL**
1959
VOL.
82
NO.
The CPI in Business Recovery Periods
The Founding of the ILO
Work Stoppages During 1958
Contract Benefits for Accident and Sickness
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
USB
BJBUC LIBRARY
Review
JUNE
=
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
E w an C lague,
R
obebt
H
enry
J. M y e r s,
Deputy Commissioner
J . F it z g e r a l d ,
H erm an
W. D
Commissioner
B.
uane
Assistant Commissioner
B yer,
Assistant Commissioner
E v ans,
Assistant Commissioner
P h il ip A r n o w ,
Assistant Commissioner
Arnold E. C hase, Chief, Division of Construction Statistics
H. M. D outy, Chief, Division of Wages and Industrial Relations
J oseph P. G oldberg, Special Assistant to the Commissioner
H arold G oldstein, Acting Chief, Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics
L eon Greenberg , Chief, Division of Productivity and Technological Developments
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M orris W eisz, Chief, Division of Foreign Labor Conditions
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Monthly Labor Review
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR • BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
L awrence R. K l e in , Editor-in-Chief
M ary S. B edell, Executive Editor
CONTENTS
Special Articles
631
637
642
Recollections on the F ounding of the ILO
A Review of Work Stoppages During 1958
Behavior of the CPI in Periods of Business Recovery
Summaries of Studies and Reports
646
653
658
663
667
Accident and Sickness Benefits Under Collective Bargainin
Earnings in Synthetic Fibers Manufacturing, October 1958
Union Wage Scales in the Printing Industry, July 1,1958
Employment of June 1957 Women College Graduates
Paid Vacation Provisions in Canadian Laws
1958
Departments
hi
641
669
673
675
680
686
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The Labor Month in Review
Union Conventions, July 16 to August 15,1959
Significant Decisions in Labor Cases
Chronology of Recent Labor Events
Developments in Industrial Relations
Book Reviews and Notes
Current Labor Statistics
June 1959 • Voi. 82 • No. 6
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
The Labor Month
in Review
N egotiations between the United Steelworkers
and the basic steel industry approached the June
30 contract expiration deadline with no public
indication that a settlement was in the making.
There were also other knotty bargaining situations
mid-June. In the rubber industry, a 58-day
strike by the United Rubber Workers at Firestone
was settled on June 12. Agreements had earlier
been reached by the union with U.S. Rubber
(after a 3 weeks’ strike), Goodrich (after an 8
weeks’ strike), and Goodyear (without a strike).
Nonwage matters, including pension and insur
ance improvements, were at issue in all situations.
Nonprofessional employees of six New York
City hospitals (those of a seventh joined several
weeks later), in a rare action for such workers,
struck for union recognition on May 8, despite
court orders forbidding a walkout. They are
represented by Retail, Wholesale and Department
Store Union, which has contracts with some of
the city’s other voluntary hospitals. Makeshift
help kept the nonprofit institutions running while
a special mediating panel attempted to resolve
the dispute. A special session of the State
legislature has been suggested to deal with the
matter. On June 5, six of the city’s propietary
hospitals (which do not have the exemption from
tate and Federal labor relations laws provided
or the nonprofit institutions) averted a strike by
ecognizing the Hotel and Restaurant Workers
Tnion. Two nursing homes are also involved in
his segment of the dispute. A further compliation of the situation followed a threat by the
tate, County, and Municipal Employees to strike
n eighth nonprofit hospital.
About 100,000 shirt and cotton garment workers
ill receive a 7.5-cents-an-hour wage increase
n August 31 (their first since 1956) as a result of
egotiations between employer groups in the inustry and the Amalgamated Clothing Workers,
seventh paid holiday and other fringe benefit
provements were also granted under a reopener
the contracts which expire on June 1, 1961.
iii
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In various settlements throughout the country,
thousands of construction workers received gen
erally substantial wage increases during May and
early June. Many of them stipulated annual rises
in pay over a 3-year period. Some of the agree
ments followed strikes, and during the first week
of June there still were strikes of substantial num
bers of building trades workers in Michigan, Ohio,
Illinois, and Pennsylvania.
strikes , of significance chiefly because
of their length, were settled late in May. A 13
weeks’ stoppage by the American Newspaper
Guild against the St. Louis Globe-Democrat
ended with resumption of publication on June 1.
A new pension plan and revision of job security
policies were included in the new contract. But
the paper was closed again when stereotypers
halted work on June 9. On May 26, an 18 weeks’
strike of the Papermakers and Paperworkers
against the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Co.
was terminated when the company agreed not to
dismiss 26 workers accused of picket line violence
and the union abandoned demands dealing with
seniority and a grievance procedure. The more
than 6 months’ strike of the Street and Electric
Railway Employes, representing bus drivers of the
Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway Co., ended
with a wage increase.
Eleven nonoperating railroad unions early in
June presented demands for longer vacations and
two more paid holidays for the 550,000 employees
they represent. Wage demands—already sub
mitted by the operating crafts—will follow. Con
tracts expire on October 31.
On May 19, President Eisenhower signed a bill
increasing retirement and unemployment benefits
for all rail workers. Pensions will be increased
by 10 percent and maximum job insurance by 20
percent under the new measure, which became
effective June 1 and will require substantial in
creases in payroll taxes.
S everal
M uch of the mid-M ay session of the AFL-CIO
Executive Council was devoted to an attempted
resolution of jurisdictional disputes. In one sig
nificant case, the council ordered the International
Union of Electrical Workers to withdraw from a
representation election in which it was contesting
with the Sheet Metal Workers, which had a con
tract at Belock Instrument Corp. in New York.
IV
The IUE, in refusing to accept the directive,
claimed the contract its rival held at the plant
was “collusive.” The council had rejected this
view.
In another case, the council held over until a
future meeting a recommendation from a sub
committee that it was permissible for the AFLCIO Metal Trades Department to organize pro
duction workers.
Two other matters were also deferred. One
was the ethical practices case of Maurice Hutche
son, president of the Carpenters, until disposition
of an Indiana indictment against him; the other
was the application of the International Long
shoremen’s Association for readmission.
If there was evidence of serious conflict within
the merged labor movement, there were also
numerous indications of amicable cooperation.
The Auto Workers and the Machinists will meet
August 5 to plot a common collective bargaining
course in the aircraft, missile, and related elec
tronics fields. At the end of May the Marine
Engineers Beneficial Association absorbed the
Brotherhood of Marine Engineers; both were
AFL-CIO organizations. Similarly, the two
AFL-CIO unions of insurance workers united
under the name of the Insurance Workers Inter
national Union. The new-found amity between
Joseph Curran, president of the National Mari
time Union, and Paul Hall, head of the Seafarers,
was strengthened when Curran addressed the
Seafarers’ convention and stressed the need for
ultimate merger of the two unions.
was a month for many conventions. Action
taken and facts revealed at some of them included:
Ladies' Garment Workers. Raised dues by 50 cents
a month to $3 and voted a $5 million strike fund.
David Dubinsky, who was reelected to a new term
as president, relinquished his additional post as
secretary-treasurer in favor of Louis Stulberg.
Plasterers. Warned of a shortage of skilled work
ers in the trade; adopted a policy of mandatory
apprenticeship training by locals; union headquar
ters will move from Cleveland to Washington.
Railway Clerks. Increased dues to a minimum
of $4 a month, called for program of severance
pay for technologically displaced employees, and
placed an upper age limit of 70 on officers. Jewelry
M ay
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Workers. Petitioned the AFL-CIO to place the
organization under monitorship to complete an
internal cleanup campaign. Utility Workers.
Urged enactment of a Federal code to protect
workers in the nuclear power industries against
radiation. Hatters. Proposed a needle trades
department for the AFL-CIO.
James R. Hoffa, Teamster President, speaking
on May 19 at a district convention of the Inter
national Longshoremen’s Association, delivered
what was widely interpreted as a threat of a
nationwide strike if certain “restrictive” labor
legislation were passed. Hoffa was scheduled for
another session before the McClellan Committee
on June 15. Three Teamster officials, including
John O’Rourke, an international vice president, on
May 28 were indicted by a grand jury in New York
State on counts of extortion and coercion connect
ed with the juke box industry. On June 10, a
U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals supported a district
Federal Court order to the Teamsters to effect
specific reforms ordered by court-appointed moni
tors, including a good-faith trial of certain officers
accused of misconduct.
T hree trade union leaders died during May.
Robert Byron, 79, president of the Sheet Metal
Workers for the past 20 years, had planned to
retire on July 1. Max Zaritsky, 74, president of
the Hatters between 1936 and 1950, had been on
of the founding members of the original Committe
for Industrial Organization prior to its break wit
the AFL. Thomas E. Dunwody, 71, had bee
president of the Pressman’s union since 1952.
Joseph A. Bierne, president of the Communica
tions Workers of America, and chairman of th
AFL-CIO Community Services Committee, tol
a session of the Federation Conference on Com
munity Services meeting in Chicago that th
AFL-CIO would push this year for a singl
coordinated health fund campaign, and urge
management organizations to cooperate lowar
this objective.
Building trades unions in the Minneapolis-S
Paul area have contributed more than 50,000 houof free labor toward the construction of summ
camp facilities for underprivileged children. Bus
nessmen of the community have matched the lab
with donations of materials and furnishings.
Recollections on the Founding of the ILO
E ditor’s N ote.—This year marks the Ifith anniversary of the International Labor
Organization and is the 25th since the United States affiliated with it. Dr. James
T . Shotwell, author of the following article, 'participated in the founding of the
ILO and, probably more than any other individual, provided the drive and dedi
cation necessary to bring it into being. The Monthly Labor Review, as a tribute
to the organization, is happy to print Dr. Shotwell''s reminiscences, with their
reminder of the basic purpose of the ILO and the circumstances surrounding its
birth. Dr. Shotwell is President-Emeritus of the Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace.
T he creation of the International Labor Or
ganization at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919
opened a new page of history. To the surprise
of everyone, “International Labor Legislation”
was one of the items in the cryptic agenda of
the Conference at its first general session on Jan
uary 18, 1919. The item caused general bewil
derment. The first blueprints of the ILO were
drawn in the British Ministry of Labor, but even
the Bight Hon. Arthur Balfour, former British
Prime Minister, in presenting the proposal was
vague about it. I t sounded good—and harmless.
The American press wanted to know what it
meant and I briefed the AP for a despatch ex
plaining that there had been two or three govern
ment conferences on labor matters and that the
British proposed to create a permanent body,
composed of representatives of labor and man
agement as well as of governments, alongside the
League of Nations for the purpose of developing
a world code of labor standards.
The result was that the constitution of the Inernational Labor Organization became Part
I I I of the Treaty of Versailles, and a strange
aradox it was that the International Labor Oranization, and not the League of Nations, was
he first world organization to begin functioning
fter the First World War. The first Internaional Labor Conference was convened in Washngton on October 29, 1919; 'the treaty did not
ome into effect until the following January and
he Assembly and Council of the League of Na
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tions held its first meeting in London on Jan
uary 10, 1920.
The F irst International Labor Conference
The reason for haste in calling the Labor Con
ference was that revolutionary movements had
broken out during the Peace Conference in Vi
enna, Budapest, and Berlin, while in the back
ground the ominous figure of Bolshevist Kussia,
although denied a share in the making of the
peace treaties, was causing apprehension in gov
ernments throughout Western Europe. The fact
that Georges Clemenceau concentrated 30,000
troops in Paris on May Lay, 1919, to prevent an
uprising by discontented and revolutionary ele
ments in French labor was sufficient indication of
the political force which it was feared that labor
might exercise unless given recognition in the
peace settlement. The threat implied in this sit
uation led the Commission on International La
bor Legislation of the Peace Conference to de
mand, as early as March 1919, the insertion in
the peace treaty of a call for the first meeting of
the International Labor Organization for the fol
lowing October.1 At that time it was expected
that the Treaty of Versailles would be formally
in effect in the autumn, but even when those hopes
were dissipated by the United States, the leaders
of labor in Europe insisted that no change should
be made in the plans for calling the first ILO
1 This was finally inserted in Article 424 of the peace treaty.
631
632
Conference, and the British and French Govern
ments felt obliged to yield to this insistence.
The situation so far as the American Govern
ment was concerned was extremely awkward, for
President Woodrow Wilson had issued the invita
tion on his own account while in Paris in April
1919, and the Congress delayed in ratifying i t 2
and refused to appropriate enough money to meet
the expenses of the Conference. As the League of
Nations was not yet in existence, no financial
assistance could come from that quarter, and the
provisions in the treaty for apportioning the ex
penses of the first Conference among the mem
bers were still to be ratified. To prevent a com
plete fiasco, the British Government advanced
£3,000 through Sir Eric Drummond, the Secre
tary-General Designate of the League of Na
tions—an action of far-sighted statesmanship,
as the event was to prove, but one which neither
then nor later received adequate recognition.
Organization of the Conference. The financial
difficulty, however, was much more easily solved
than the organizing of the Conference itself, for
no such body had ever met before in all the history
of diplomacy. Here was an international organi
zation composed of representatives of labor and
management as well as of governments, dealing
with a subject which had always been considered
purely domestic politics.
To those who have not taken part in interna
tional conferences, and to many who have, the
framing of the rules of procedure may seem to be
a mere shaping of technicalities, but the history
of the United Nations has shown only too clearly
how a recalcitrant government can use the rules
of procedure to get its way against the will of
the majority.
The work of the London conference of the
Organizing Committee for the International
Labor Conference, which began in May 1919, has
been fully described in The Origins of the Inter
national Labor Organization,3 which I edited for
publication, but little is said there about the
preparation of rules of procedure for the ILO
Conference. This was the work of a subcommit
tee consisting of Arthur Fontaine, Director of
Labor in the French Ministry of Labor and So
cial Insurance, and myself. M. Fontaine was
unable to act, however, and my French colleague
was Monsieur Pone, subsequently Chief of the
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MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
Cabinet of the Director of the International
Labor Office, who helped in the assembling of the
French material.
In the framing of the rules I drew heavily upon
the rules of the British Parliament and of the
French Chamber of Deputies. But, as I pointed
out in the report of the committee, “it should be
recognized that the procedure followed in any
one country or group of countries could not be
inserted in the Standing Orders [of the Interna
tional Labor Conference],” and that such prob
lems as the powers of the chairman and the
methods of moving and voting resolutions, which
are matters of vital importance to the conduct of
any gathering, would have to be solved in the
light of a situation for which there were no
precedents.
These rules of procedure were, as Harold B.
Butler, for many years the Director of the Inter
national Labor Office, has said, “the first set of
international standing orders ever framed, resting
on a compromise between a large number of na
tional practices. Although they have since been
amended from time to time, they have on the
whole stood the test of practical application, and
have rendered great service to the Organization
by providing it with a body of rules to which
the members of the Conference have gradually
become thoroughly accustomed. The resultin
expedition is the dispatch of business and th
avoidance of confusion in regard to procedur
have saved the Conference many hours of tim
and much loss of patience.” 4
This pioneering work in the framing of rule
for the ILO was slight enough in itself compare
with the elaborate mechanism which the Unite
Nations has had to create to regulate its proceed
ings, but, slight as it was, it was the starting poin
for the rules of procedure for the League of N
tions, which in turn were drawn upon by th
organizers of the United Nations. Sir Eri
Drummond, the first Secretary-General of t
League of Nations, sent one of his chief lieute
ants to the Washington Conference to study i
2 A law enacted in 1913 specifically prohibited the Preside
from calling an International conference of any nature exce
with the specific consent and approval of the Congress. T
resolution authorizing the Washington Conference was not pass
until August 1919.
3 Vol. I, H istory; Vol. II, Documents (New York, Colum
University Press, 1934).
4 Ibid., Vol. I, p. 315.
THE FOUNDING OF THE ILO
procedure, and his report had a definite bearing
upon the methods followed by the League.
As a matter of fact, our problem in 1919 re
sembled that of the United Nations more than
that of the League of Nations, for we were con
fronted with the choice of building a whole series
of organizations dealing with the different indus
tries—textile, mining, transport, shipping, etc.—
or creating a central body to which all of these
would be subordinate. The union leaders natur
ally were in favor of working through the sep
arate bodies and the American labor leaders were
reluctant to be drawn into political action, al
though they were all agreed that final action
should be through the Governing Body and the
Conference itself. In addition, experienced gov
ernment functionaries, like M. Fontaine and Sir
Malcolm Delevingne of the British Home Office,
interested in getting programs adopted in a work
manlike way and with little patience over the
waste of time in much of the parliamentary pro
cedure, argued that the special commissions
should deal with the business in hand and that
the Conference should meet only to ratify. They
were somewhat appalled at the idea of an inter
national body of this size, made up of such di
verse membership, dealing with the difficult and
intricate questions of labor conditions and social
welfare in several different languages, and so were
inclined to minimize the work of the general ses
sions of the Conference.
For my part, I felt that the best hope for ac
ceptance of the International Labor Organiza
tion by the American public, as well as labor,
which was becoming weary or suspicious of in
vestigating commissions and executive action, was
to give it the publicity afforded by an opensession, deliberative, legislating body. Samuel
Gompers, president of the American Federation
of Labor and head of the labor section of the
United States delegation to the Peace Conference,
and his colleagues came to agree with this point
of view, for they readily saw that labor leaders
could not afford to participate in anything re
sembling secret diplomacy and that the alterna
tive, although it might be wasteful of time, was
the only way to succeed. Therefore, I was happy
to be able to head off the motion in the organiz
ing committee which would have resulted in sub
ordinating the general sessions of the Conference
to commissions which, from the mere fact of their
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633
specialization, would almost certainly act without
regard to the wider economic, social, and political
implications of their proposals. The fact that
the Standing Orders of the International Labor
Conference, substantially as presented by my sub
committee, have governed the Conference’s pro
cedure throughout its history is their best justifi
cation.
Agenda of the Conference. These questions of
procedure, which seem so important in retrospect,
received much less attention in our organizing
committee than the subjects with which the Wash
ington Conference would have to deal. For
tunately there was no debate as to the choice
of the program, for that was set forth as follows
in an annex to the article of the treaty of peace
which called the Conference (Article 424.1) : (1)
Application of the principle of the 8-hour day or
the 48-hour week; (2) prevention of or provision
against unemployment; (3) the conditions of em
ployment of women; (4) employment of children;
and (5) extension and application of inter
national conventions prohibiting nightwork for
women industrial workers and banning the use
of white phosphorus in the manufacture of
matches.
But when our organizing committee set about
reducing these topics to definite terms, difficulties
at once arose in what seemed like the most obvious
of statements. How, for example, was one to ap
ply “the principle of the 48-hour week” to coun
tries where there were industries working on a
40-hour week without lessening the safeguards of
labor, which would be contrary to the terms of
the treaty? On the other hand, in countries
where some industries had a 56- or 60-hour week,
a sudden change at the behest of an international
body might cause a major dislocation in the na
tional economy. While the problems of differ
ences in conditions of labor among the Western
powers were not too difficult, those occasioned by
contrast with the Orient were almost insuperable.
United States A ttitude Toward ILO
Although he had invited the International
Labor Conference to hold its first meeting in
Washington, as previously noted, President Wil
son never showed much interest in the creation
of the ILO. I had gathered the distinct impres-
634
sion in Paris that he and Col. Edward M. House
viewed Mr. Gompers and the other labor leaders
more from the standpoint of their political in
fluence in the United States than from that of the
purposes of the ILO, to which they paid little
attention. On the voyage home I made several
futile efforts to present the whole situation to the
President, having in mind the fact that the at
tacks upon the ILO as a part of the Treaty of
Versailles had already begun in Washington. Not
until the last day of the voyage did I have my in
terview with the President, and I owed it to the
intervention of Thomas Lamont, partner in the
J. Pierpont Morgan banking firm, who was one
of the wisest and most far-sighted of President
Wilson’s advisers as well as one of the most socialminded of the American delegation.
Mr. Wilson listened carefully to a fairly long
outline of the work with which I had been associ
ated in the Peace Conference, but I do not recall
his having intervened in support of Mr. Gompers’
fight for acceptance of the ILO except in the case
of a single telegram which was sent from Paris.
In my talk with him I found him keen and in
terested, but it was evident that he had never
given the labor program in the peace treaty any
serious consideration before, at least not on a
par with the other parts of the treaty. This has
always puzzled me in my judgment of Wilson. It
would seem that the author of The New Free
dom 5 was too sincerely devoted to the ideals of
laissez faire to be much drawn toward the plan
for an international labor organization, the main
purpose of which was to better social conditions
by law.
This point of view had also been held by most
of the labor leaders who had come to Paris with
Mr. Gompers, and indeed was the subconscious
basis of Mr. Gompers’ own thinking. The labor
movement in the United States, under the leader
ship of Mr. Gompers and the American Federa
tion of Labor, had made it a point to “stay out of
politics,” but at Paris, when faced with the alter
native of socialistic or communistic revolution in
Europe, they had accepted the principles of the
International Labor Organization, although keep
ing close watch not to go too far toward trying to
rectify abuses by legislation instead of by the di
rect action of labor unions.
Moreover, many of the American labor leaders
were still strongly isolationist. This was espe
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MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
cially the case with Andrew Furuseth, head of the
American Seamen’s Union and the chief architect
of the LaFollette Seamen’s Act, which had ex
tended the 8-hour day to American ships. Furu
seth was firmly of the opinion that the Interna
tional Labor Organization was a subtly disguised
plan of the British shipowners to deprive the sea
men of the gains which they had made in protect
ing their rights. A fight over the treaty came up
at the annual convention of the American Federa
tion of Labor in June 1919 and Mr. Gompers was
barely able to hold a majority against Furuseth’s
opposition.
If the attitude of Mr. Gompers and other labor
leaders toward the ILO seemed to lack whole
hearted support, it could hardly be expected that
public opinion, concentrated as it was on the great
struggle between President Wilson and his oppo
nents in the Senate, would pay much attention to
it either. Practically all labor legislation in the
United States was considered to be under the ju
risdiction of the States, and the States could have
no relations with foreign governments. Thus, the
initial British proposal on the ILO, which called
for the framing of treaties (conventions) to build
up a world code of improved labor standards, was
clearly going much too far for a federal State like
the United States. To meet this problem, the
Labor Commission of the Peace Conference,
which drafted the ILO constitution, had accepted
an amendment of the British plan, which it had
fallen to me to negotiate:
In the case of a federal State, the power of which to
enter into conventions on labor matters is subject to lim
itations, it shall be in the discretion of that Government
to treat a draft convention to which such limitations ap
ply as a recommendation only, and the provisions of this
Article with respect to recommendations shall apply in
such case.
As there was some hesitancy, even in the Ameri
can labor delegation, for fear the transfer of prob
lems from a national to an international body
might result in delays or reactionary measures, I
drafted an additional paragraph, which the Com
mission also adopted:
In no case shall any Member be asked or required, as a
result of the adoption of any recommendation or draft
convention by the [International Labor] Conference, to
lessen the protection afforded by its existing legislation
to the workers concerned.
6 New York, Doubleday, Page & Co. 1913.
THE FOUNDING OF THE ILO
Public opinion of the United States was never
theless obviously working toward the recogni
tion of national labor legislation.6 But Mr.
Gompers and his associates could not depend on
any such interpretation of American political ten
dencies with respect to an international agree
ment. They had to take the situation as it actu
ally was, with all the historic limitations on the
Federal Government’s power in the field of social
legislation.
The weakness of United States support for the
ILO section of the treaty led opponents of the
treaty to attack the ILO even more vigorously
than the Covenant of the League. The organiza
tion which the treaty intended as a means for re
form by legal methods instead of by revolution
was presented to the American people as anything
from anarchy to Bolshevism. The word “inter
national” was bandied about as if the ILO were a
part of the Third International of Moscow in
stead of being the very opposite.
The situation had by no means cleared when I
arrived in Washington in July 1919 to facilitate
the work of the Organizing Committee. I was
unable to get an appointment with the Secretary
of Labor, William B. Wilson, who was designated
to represent the President in making arrange
ments for the Conference. But I found an audi
ence among those who had been watching the
scene in Paris and the subsequent developments in
the United States with grave anxiety. One of the
finest and most outspoken of these was Grace Ab
bott, then head of the Children’s Bureau, whose
influence extended throughout the Department of
Labor. She arranged for meetings at which I
could tell the story of the negotiations in Paris, on
which there was almost complete ignorance in
Washington. This fact was partly due to the
overshadowing political battle against the Presi
dent’s diplomacy, but it was largely caused by his
having kept the Department of Labor at arm’s
length while Mr. Gompers held the limelight in
Paris as the leader of the labor section of the
American delegation.
®F o r exam ple, a lth o u g h a law b anning in te r s ta te com m erce in
a rtic le s m ade w ith child lab o r w as declared u n c o n stitu tio n a l by
th e Suprem e C o u rt in Ju n e 1918, th e n e x t C ongress a t once
passed a new child lab o r law w hich both H ouses accepted sim ul
tan eo u sly ; th is tim e, i t proposed to go even f u rth e r an d boldly
enforce th e law by its pow er of ta x a tio n . T h e new law w as
h eld u n c o n s titu tio n a l on M ay 15, 1922, an d th e Congress passed
a child lab o r am endm ent to th e C o n stitu tio n on J u n e 2, 1924,
w hich only 28 of th e n ecessary 36 S ta te s have th u s f a r ratified.
506747— 59------ 2
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635
In any event, a congressional stipulation that
no United States delegates be appointed to the
Conference until the treaty had been ratified pre
vented this country from participating officially
in the Washington Conference. In fact, the
United States did not join the ILO until 1934.
The Role of Japan
The blundering in Washington was in striking
contrast with the action of the Government of
Japan. During the Paris Conference, it was
clear that the Japanese negotiators on the Labor
Commission were often embarrassed by having to
admit a lower level of living in Japan at the very
time when, in the League of Nations Commission,
they were insisting on racial equality. The em
barrassment took the form of reticence rather
than of any strong word of protest about being
placed in an awkward position, and the Japanese
negotiators won the respect of everyone by their
obviously sincere effort to find a way to cooperate.
They were evidently acting under strict orders
from home, however, and on more than one oc
casion they avoided replying to questions by
pleading a breakdown in the cable communica
tions with Tokyo. For example, the Japanese
delegates on the Labor Commission told us for
several days that they were unable to report their
government’s position with respect to adoption of
the 48-hour week, which was one of the general
principles for regulating labor conditions em
bodied in the constitution. Japan, as the most in
dustrialized of the Asiatic powers and an ally of
the Entente in the war, needed to have some con
cession if it were to take part in the Washington
Conference and become a working member of the
ILO. Finally, when we inserted in the text the
clause recognizing that due consideration should
be given to those countries in which climatic con
ditions, the imperfect development of industrial
organization, and other special circumstances
made immediate application of the principles
difficult, our Japanese colleagues reported that
Japan would accept membership in the ILO.
The granting of this concession to Japan turned
out to be one of the most important events in
subsequent months. At the Paris Peace Confer
ence, Baron Makino of Japan had given it as his
measured view that the betterment of labor con
ditions would be a dominant problem for the fu-
636
ture in the Orient, for it would affect not only
industrialization at home, but emigration abroad.
The bearing of this upon Japanese-American re
lations was obvious although little attention was
paid to it at the time. Japan, however, took the
matter very seriously, and when the Conference
met in Washington, the disappointment of the
Japanese at the hostile attitude of Congress and
of American opinion was an important element in
their attitude with reference to the American
policy generally. Hostility to Japan was then at
its height, because under the peace treaty it re
tained its hold on the Chinese ports which it had
taken from Germany in the war, and President
Wilson was bitterly accused of selling out China
to Japan on that account. The importance of
having the strongest Asiatic power on the side of
the International Labor Organization was not ap
preciated in Washington, although the London
Times gave it editorial support.
Japan was the one government that took the
Washington Conference most seriously. The
Japanese delegation was the largest of all. More
important was the fact that in the years that fol
lowed, while J apan was developing its dangerous
imperialistic policies in Asia, the evils attendant
upon an extremely rapid industrialization were
countered by the influence of the ILO in such en
lightened measures as those which ended child
labor in the mills. That influence was directly
felt through such social reformers as Dr. Iwao
Ayusawa, formerly an ILO staff member.
ILO Achievements
This passing reference to the influence of the
ILO in J apan is only a reminder of the far reach
of the one enduring instrument of international
cooperation created by the Paris Peace Conference
in 1919. The ILO now has to its credit the
achievement not merely of survival through
World War I I but of a vast cooperative effort at
human betterment, the register of an everstrengthening social conscience the world over.
During the 40 years of its existence, the ILO
has adopted 111 international labor conventions
covering a great variety of labor problems.
These include forced labor; discrimination in
employment; the safety and health of workers,
not only those in industries at home but also sea
men and sailors on the high seas; the employ
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
ment of women; collective bargaining; unemploy
ment; the 8-hour day; social security; and free
dom of association. So carefully are its draft
conventions considered in Conference, after being
painstakingly worked out by the highly qualified
staff of the International Labor Office, that more
than 90 of them have become effective and bind
ing upon the countries which ratified them. The
measure of this achievement can best be appre
ciated against the background of history, for
when the ILO was founded there were only three
international labor conventions, one dealing with
conditions of nightwork in bakeries and the two
mentioned previously which were on the agenda
of the first conference. Although the United
States has ratified only seven, six of which have
to do with maritime problems, this record does
not mean that our country has lagged behind
other nations in the betterment of industrial con
ditions; it is primarily due to the difference in
procedure which leaves legislation on many so
cial problems in the hands of the States.
Throughout the years, the United States has built
up an impressive record in labor legislation—
Federal as well as State.
Since 1946, when the ILO joined the United
Nations as a Special Agency, its work in the de
velopment of international labor standards has
emphasized a broad technical assistance program,
which today provides labor experts in many fields,
who have been sent to nearly 60 countries of
Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, Europe,
and Africa. In this way, the ILO has been help
ing underdeveloped nations to help themselves,
and this without any political implications.
At present, the ILO is embarking on many ap
proaches to the problems of world labor in help
ing to build worker-employer relations and to
better human relations in industry. I t is plac
ing more and more emphasis on the improvement
of labor-management relations, workers’ educa
tion, and management development programs.
The ILO is keeping abreast of problems plaguing
the world’s industries, including the effects of
automation and other technological developments,
such as the industrial uses of atomic energy and
the protection of workers against radiation.
With a membership of 80 nations, the ILO
stands today as an expression of a world growingly aware of the problems of the daily life of
peoples everywhere.
A Review of
Work Stoppages
During 1958
A nn J ames H erlihy *
T he n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s involved in strikes and
lockouts and total man-days of idleness were sub
stantially higher in 1958 than in 1957, but rela
tively low compared to postwar levels (chart).1
A total of 3,694 stoppages2 involving 2,060,000
workers and 23,900,000 man-days of idleness were
recorded in 1958 (table 1). Idleness caused by
stoppages amounted to 0.22 percent of the esti
mated working time of all workers in nonagricultural establishments, excluding government.
Size and Duration of Stoppages
The 1958 increase in workers involved in stop
pages, as against 1957,3 can be attributed to an in
crease in large stoppages. The 332 stoppages in
1958 that affected 1,000 workers or more (table 2),
an increase of 53 stoppages over 1957, involved
about 700,000 more workers. Stoppages idling
1,000 or more workers accounted for three-fourths
of the workers and man-days of idleness in all
1958 stoppages.
*Of th e D ivision of W ages a n d In d u s tria l R elations, B ureau of
L abor S ta tistic s.
1 A fo rth co m in g b u lletin w ill provide a m ore com plete an aly sis
an d ad d itio n a l d a ta on stoppages du rin g 19'58.
2All w ork stoppages know n to th e B ureau of L abor S ta tistic s
an d its v ario u s co o perating agencies, involving six or m ore
w orkers an d la s tin g a fu ll day or sh ift or longer, a re included
in th ese s ta tis tic s. F ig u re s on “w orkers involved” and “manday s id le” include all w o rk ers m ade idle fo r as long as one sh ift
in estab lish m en ts d irectly involved in a stoppage. T hey do n o t
m easu re th e in d ire c t o r secondary effects on o th e r estab lish m en ts
o r in d u strie s w hose employees a re m ade idle as a re su lt of
m a te ria l or service sho rtag es.
3 F o r d etailed d a ta on 1957, see A nalysis of W ork Stoppages
D u rin g 1957 (in M onthly L abor Review, M ay 1958, pp. 4 8 5 -4 9 1 ),
an d BLS B ull. 1234 (1958).
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Twenty-one major stoppages (involving 10,000
or more workers) resulted in idleness totaling
almost 11 million man-days, or about 45 percent
of the total idleness recorded in 1958. On the
other hand, more than half the stoppages in
volved fewer than 100 workers each, and ac
counted for only about 5 percent of total workers
involved and man-days of idleness.
Although there was a slight increase in the
average duration of stoppages ending in 1958, the
difference between 1957 and 1958 idleness is ac
counted for less by this reason than by the in
crease in workers involved. The average work
stoppage ending in 1958 lasted 19.7 calendar days,
as compared with 19.2 in 1957 and 18.9 in 1956.
Slightly more than two-fifths of the stoppages
lasted less than a week—most of them only 1 to
3 days—accounting for 35 percent of the workers
idle but only 8 percent of the total man-days of
idleness (table 3). Only 5 of the year’s 21 major
stoppages were in this group; the other 14 ending
in 1958 lasted from 13 to 54 days.
Stoppages lasting a month or more, a fifth of
the total, caused more than half of all idleness.
More than a third of the idleness in this category
was attributable to nine major stoppages.
T able
1.
W
ore
S to ppa g es
in
the
U n it e d
Sta tes»
1 9 4 5 -5 8 1
Work stoppages W orkers involved2 Man-days idle during year
Year
1945.—
1946— .
1947....
1948-..
1949— .
1950—
1951—
1952—
1953—
1954—
1955—
1956—
1957—
1958—
Average Number Percent Number
Num- duration
(thou- of total (thouem
ber (calendar sands)
sands)
days)3
ployed
4,750
4,985
3,693
3, 419
3,606
4,843
4, 737
5,117
5,091
3,468
4,320
3,825
3, 673
3,694
9.9
24.2
25.6
21.8
22.5
19.2
17.4
19.6
20.3
22.5
18.5
18.9
19.2
19.7
3,470
4,600
2,170
1,960
3,030
2, 410
2,220
3,540
2,400
1,530
2,650
1,900
1,390
2,060
12.2
14.5
6.5
5.5
9.0
6.9
5.5
8.8
5.6
3.7
6.2
4.3
3.1
4.8
38,000
116,000
34,600
34,100
50, 500
38,800
22,900
59,100
28,300
22,600
28,200
33,100
16, 500
23,900
Percent
of estiPer
mated worker
in
total
working volved
time
0.47
1.43
.41
.37
.59
.44
.23
.57
.26
.21
.26
.29
.14
.22
11.0
25.2
15.9
17.4
16.7
16.1
10.3
16.7
11.8
14.7
10.7
17.4
11.4
11.6
1 The number of stoppages and workers relate to those beginning in the
year; average duration, to those ending in the year. Man-days of idleness
include all stoppages in effect during the year. Estimated working time is
computed by multiplying the average number of employed workers by the
number of days worked by most employees. This number excludes Satur
days when customarily not worked, Sundays, and established holidays.
For other definitions, see text footnote 2.
Available information for earlier periods appears in Handbook of Labor
Statistics, BLS Bull. 1016, table E-2. For a discussion of the procedures
involved in the collection and compilation of work stoppage statistics, see
Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statistical Series (BLS Bull. 1168),
pp. 106-112.
2Workers are counted more than once if they were involved in more than
1 stoppage during the year.
3 Figures are simple averages; each stoppage is given equal weight regardless
of its size.
637
638
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T a b l e 2.
W ork S t o p p a g e s ,
by
S iz e o f S t o p p a g e , 1 9 5 8
Stoppages beginning in 1958
Size of stoppage
(number of workers
involved)
All sizes------------------
W orkers
involved
Man-days idle
during 1958
(all stoppages)
Num
ber
Per
cent
of
total
3,694
100.0 2,060,000
100.0 23,900,000
100.0
7,790
68,200
111,000
127,000
160,000
548,000
216,000
823,000
0.4
119,000
3.3 1,100,000
5.4 1, 570,000
6.2 1, 530,000
7.8 1, 720,000
26.6 5,280,000
10.5 2,020,000
40.0 10,600,000
0.5
4.6
6.6
6.4
7.2
22.1
8.4
44.2
6 and under 20_______
646
20 and under 100_____ 1,406
100 and under 250____
705
371
250 and under 500____
234
500 and under 1,000___
1,000 and under 5,000 . 279
32
5,000 and under 10,000-.
21
10,000 and over______
Number
17.5
38.1
19.1
10.0
6.3
7.6
.9
.6
Per
cent
of
total
Number
Per
cent
of
total
N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
Among these was one of the year’s largest stop
pages—an industrywide dispute involving 105,000
dress workers, members of the International
Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union. While wide
spread idleness in the dress industry lasted less
than 10 days in early March, the duration of the
stoppage was extended by intermittent idleness
of about 10,000 workers in New York and Penn
sylvania, both before and after the industrywide
walkout. A stoppage involving the United Auto
mobile Workers and two plants of the Caterpillar
Tractor Co. was of 51 days’ duration; the East
ern Airlines dispute with the Flight Engineers’
International Association and the International
Association of Machinists was settled in 38 days;
and truckers in 11 Western States were idle for
37 days. Also in the group of long stoppages
were four involving construction workers in dis
putes over contract matters—a 37-day stoppage
in Oregon and southwest Washington in July and
August, a 48-day stoppage in the Cleveland area
in May and June, a 50-day stoppage in the
Houston and Galveston, Tex., area in early fall,
and a 54-day construction stoppage in New York
State in midsummer.
Trends in Work Stoppages
1916
'20
’25
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
'30
’35
’40
'45
’50
’551958 1927 ’30
’35
'40
’45
'50
’ 55 1958
WORK STOPPAGES DURING 1958
639
Although the Libbey-Owens-Ford Glass Co.
and the Glass and Ceramic Workers reached
agreement in less than a month, the strike at the
Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co., starting in October
and continuing into 1959,4 became the longest
major stoppage which began in 1958. The second
longest major work stoppage also continued into
1959; 32,000 workers struck at various plants
of the International Harvester Co. (United Au
tomobile Workers) for a period of 71 days. The
largest stoppage of the year, involving 275,000
workers of the General Motors Corp., lasted for
26 days (which included the disputes over local
plant matters).
M ajor Issues
Stoppages resulting from disputes in which ad
justments in wages, hours, and supplementary
benefits were the major issues accounted for twothirds of the workers and three-fourths of total
man-days of idleness in 1958 (table 4). Most of
the year’s major stoppages were attributed to dis
puted issues in this category.
Disputes over other working conditions, such
as job security, shop conditions and policies,
and workload, accounted for almost 25 percent of
the year’s stoppages, slightly more than 25 per
cent of the workers, and about 15 percent of the
idleness. Numerous stoppages on seniority is*
A new ag reem en t w as ratified on F e b ru a ry 16i, 1959.
T a ble 3.
D u r a t io n
of
W ork
S t o p pa g e s E n d in g
Duration (calendar
days)
All periods____ _____
1 day---------------------2 and less than 4 days..
4 and less than 7 days..
7 and less than 15 days.
15 and less than 30
days_____________
30 and less than 60
days________ _____
60 and less than 90
days_____________
90 days and over_____
Per
Num cent
ber
of
total
3,632
Workers
involved
Number
100.0 1,990,000
418
579
548
779
11.5
15.9
15.1
21.4
129,000
271,000
304,000
340,000
Man-days idle
Per
cent
of
total
Number
100.0 21,400,000
6.5
13.6
15.2
17.1
129,000
551,000
1,040,000
2,040,000
Per
cent
of
total
100.0
0.6
2.6
4.9
9.5
593
16.3
477,000
24.0
5,690,000
26.6
446
12.3
407,000
20.4
8,210,000
38.3
136
133
3.7
3.7
33,100
32,000
1.7
1.6
1,410,000
2,350,000
6.6
11.0
1
The totals in this table differ from those in the other tables because these
relate to stoppages ending during the year, including any 1957 idleness in
these strikes.
N ote: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal
totals.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
M a jo r I s s u e s I n v o l v e d in W ork S t o p p a g e s ,
1958
Stopp ages b jginning in 1958
Major issues
Per
Num cent
ber
of
total
Man-days idle
during 1958 (all
stoppages)
Workers
involved
N um
ber
Per
cent
of
total
N um
ber
Per
cent
of
total
All issues______________ . 3, 694 100.0 2, 060,000 100.0 23, 900, 000 100.0
Wages, hours, and supplementary benefits________ 1,875 50.8 1, 380, 000
Wage increase. _______ 1,204 32.6 979,000
Wage decrease_____
27
.7
6,230
Wage increase, hour decrease_______ __ __
42
1.1
29, 800
Wage increase, pension,
and/or health and welfare benefits........ ......
290
7.9 199, 000
Pension and/or health
and welfare benefits__
21
.6
9,150
Other 1_______
____
291
7.9 162,000
Union organization, wages,
hours, and supplementary
benefits________________
221
6.0
33, 300
R eco g n itio n , wages,
and/or hours____
153
4.1
8,170
Strengthening bargaining position, wages,
and/or hours_____ _
25
.7
18, 400
Union security, wages,
and/or hours________
43
1.2
6, 790
Discrimination, wages,
and/or hours________
Union organization___ ____
362 9.8
39, 600
Recognition______
252
6.8
13, 300
Strengthening bargaining position_________
24
.6
11,800
Union security________
69
1.9
11, 400
Discrimination________
.2
8
290
Other_______ _______
9
.2
2,790
Other working conditions__
876 23.7 558,000
Job security _________
434 11.7 254,000
Shop conditions and
policies_____________
358
9.7 258, 000
2.2
Workload___________
81
43, 200
Other_______ ____ . .
3
.1
2,840
Interunion or intraunion
m atters___ ___________
321
8.7
42,100
Sympathy___________
59
1.6
16, 200
24
Union rivalry 4_
... _
.6
1,470
Jurisdiction
_ __ . . .
232 6.3
22, 400
Union administration
3
.1
1, 540
Other________________
3
.1
440
Not reported_____________
39
1.1
3,190
67.2 18, 300, 000
47.5 11,800,000
.3
77,100
1.4
76.7
49.5
.3
200,000
.8
9.6 3, 700, 000
15.5
.4
188,000
7.9 2, 330,000
.8
9.7
1.6 1, 260,000
5.3
.4
284, 000
1.2
.9
782, 000
3.3
.3
194,000
1.9
.6
2 1, 080
639, 000
286,000
.8
( 3)
2.7
1.2
.6
228, 000
.6
98, 500
14, 300
(8)
.1
11, 800
27.1 3, 430, 000
12.3 1, 990,000
1.0
.4
.1
(3)
14.4
8.3
12.5 1,120,000
2.1
295, 000
.1
27, 300
4.7
1.2
.1
2.0
.8
.1
1.1
.1
(3)
.2
218,000
84,500
20, 600
105,000
6, 300
890
15, 500
.9
.4
.1
.4
(3)
(3)
.1
in
1958 1
Stoppages
T a bl e 4.
1
Issues such as retroactivity, holidays, vacations, job classification, piece
rates, incentive standards, or other related matters unaccompanied by
proposals to eflect general changes in wage rates are included in this category.
Slightly less than a third of the stoppages in this group occurred over piece
rates or incentive standards.
1 Idleness in 1958 resulting from stoppage that began in 1957.
* Less than 0.05 percent.
* Includes disputes between unions of different affiliation.
'« Includes disputes between unions of the same affiliation.
8 Includes disputes within a union over the administration of union affairs
or regulations.
N ote: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
sues in connection with job retention affect
ing individual plants in the automobile in
dustry are included in this category. Four of
the year’s major stoppages were concerned with
matters in this group—the stoppage of construc
tion workers in the Buffalo area, the dispute be
tween the International Union of Electrical,
Radio and Machine Workers and the Gen
eral Electric Co. in Louisville, Ky., the Steel
workers union and the Inland Steel Co. dispute,
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
640
and the controversy between the Flight Engi
neers’ International Association with Eastern Air
lines, Inc., in November and December.
Union organization issues were dominant in a
tenth of the strikes in 1958, but since smaller
companies were typically involved, they accounted
for only about 2 percent of the workers and 3
percent of the idleness. Matters of union security
or bargaining position, in combination with wage
T a ble 5 .
W ork S to ppa g es
by
I n d u st r y G r o u p , 1 9 5 8
Stoppages begin
ning in 1958
and supplementary benefit issues, were responsible
for an additional 6 percent of the stoppages, 2
percent of the workers, and 5 percent of the total
idleness.
Strikes involving interunion or intraunion mat
ters, such as work jurisdiction, union rivalry, and
sympathy strikes, were responsible for 2 percent
of the workers and 1 percent of total idleness in
1958 stoppages.
T able 6 .
W ork S t o ppa g es
State
Num Workers
involved
ber
Num
ber
Percent
of esti
mated
total
working
time
-
3,694 2.060,000 23,900,000
20. 22
Manufacturing 1----------------
1,955 1, 490,000 15, 400,000
0.39
All industries L ..
---- ------- --
Primary metal industries.. .
Fabricated metal products (except
ordnance, machinery, and trans
portation equipment)-------------Ordnance and accessories ..
Electrical machinery, equipment,
and supplies--------- ----- ------Machinery, except electrical. ----Transportation equipment----------Lumber and wood products, except
furniture____________________
Furniture and fixtures---- . . . -----Stone, clay, and glass products-----Textile mill products----------- . ..
Apparel and other finished prod
ucts made from fabrics and sim
ilar materials___ .
---- -Leather and leather products------Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures---------------Paper and allied products------ .
Printing, publishing, and allied
industries- . . . -------- -----------Chemicals and allied products---Petroleum refining and related in
dustries. . . . . -------------------Rubber and miscellaneous plastics
products. .. -------- ------ . ---Professional, scientific, and control
ling instruments; photographic
and optical goods; watches and
.. ----------- -.
clocks_____
Miscellaneous manufacturing in
dustries... ------------ -------- -- .
167
102,000
711,000
0.25
256
12
147,000 1,220,000
94, 700
12, 800
.46
.29
93
223
210
102, 000 1,030,000
152,000 2, 760,000
551,000 4,310,000
.36
.72
1.06
69
74
117
51
18, 200 282,000
13, 800 254,000
44, 900 1, 200,000
111,000
6,370
.18
.28
.91
. 05
126
41
176
4
60
152,000 1,100,000
78,900
7, 720
661,000
60,600
2,170
270
252,000
18,100
.37
.09
.18
(3)
.18
22, 300
20,300
324,000
318,000
.15
.15
16
8,090
141,000
.23
58
23,800
147,000
.24
46
100
27
14,300
233,000
.29
58
8,330
141,000
.12
Nonmanufacturing 1-----------
1,739
574,000 8, 520,000
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries..
Mining. . . . .
---Contract construction___________
Transportation, communication,
electric, gas, and sanitary services.
Wholesale and retail trade----------Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Services_____________ ______
G overnm ent------------ .. ---------
6
168
844
14,300
4,010
302,000
38, 600
326,000 4, 790, 000
242
358
S
102
15
132,000 2, 270,000
942,000
57,000
4, 560
60(
14,100
196,000
7,510
1, 720
2 .'12
«
0.16
.71
.23
.03
W
«
(4)
1 Stoppages extending into 2 or more industry groups have been counted
n each industry group affected; workers involved and man-days idle were
allocated to the respective groups.
2 Excludes government and agriculture.
2 Less than 0.005 percent.
‘ Not available.
N ote: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
State, 1 9 5 8
Stoppages beginning
in 1958
Man-days idle
during 1958
(all stoppages)
Industry group
by
Number
Man-days idle during
1958 (all stoppages)
W orkers
involved
Number
Percent of
estimated
total
working
time
United States.
i 3,694
2,060,000
23,900,000
0.22
Alabama-----Arizona------Arkansas____
California----Colorado____
Connecticut..
Delaware-----
72
15
26
12,100
0.09
.09
.08
221
23
53
17
2,400
4,470
73,100
8, 770
17,300
13,200
130.000
48.400
57,000
1,130,000
267.000
209.000
92.400
13
91
38
1,950
31,400
25,900
28,800
444.000
306.000
District of Columbia.
Florida------ ----------Georgia----------------Idaho.-----------------Illinois___________
Indiana___________
Iowa_____________
8
230
108
69
33
63
1,220
22,200
.12
.29
.10
.28
.05
. 18
. 15
.08
.23
.30
.17
103.000
129.000
21,600
1, 720,000
884.000
229.000
12,000
106,000
417.000
295.000
28,200
127.000
504.000
3, 400,000
.10
Kansas........ .
Kentucky-----Louisiana-----Maine_______
M aryland.......
Massachusetts.
Michigan____
15
36
164
275
28,700
23,600
2,270
9,410
49,000
437,000
Minnesota_____
Mississippi____
Missouri---------M ontana______
Nebraska______
Nevada----------New Hampshire.
76
15
109
23
16
14
23
18,800
4,830
38,300
2,600
7,300
1,630
5,970
218,000
42,400
676.000
44,100
197.000
19,200
61,800
.11
New Jersey___
New Mexico__
New York____
North Carolina.
North Dakota..
Ohio_________
Oklahoma____
260
27
473
28
96,900
8,620
264.000
5,110
1,230
234.000
5,700
939.000
.22
Oregon______
Pennsylvania. .
Rhode Island..
South Carolina.
South Dakota..
Tennessee____
Texas________
51
394
19
16
U tah...............
Vermont____
Virginia_____
W ashingtonWest Virginia.
Wisconsin___
Wyoming.......
24
68
11
359
33
8
57
70
8
47
58
125
78
7
121.000
2, 430,000
79,000
10.300
3,160,000
96.300
.32
.18
.05
.07
.13
.72
.06
.24
.13
.28
.11
.16
.29
.18
.03
.04
.48
.09
.77
32, 500
743.000
1,810,000
46,100
18,500
5,620
248.000
917.000
10,700
370
12, 500
31.600
26,000
25.600
350
90,000
6,700
166,000
680,000
241.000
364.000
10,600
.0"
41,500
150,000
3,700
3,050
350
21,200
.22
.08
.02
.02
.14
.17
.20
.08
.4
i Stoppages extending across State lines have been counted in each Stat
affected; workers involved and man-days idle were allocated among th
States.
641
WORK STOPPAGES DURING 1958
Industries Affected
About 4.3 million man-days, or nearly a fifth of
the year’s total strike idleness, were recorded for
transportation equipment manufacturers, which
had the highest rate of worktime lost (table 5).
Strike idleness in this industry group was greater
than at any time in the past 12 years except in
1950 when 8 million man-days were recorded.
More than 1 million man-days of strike idleness
each were recorded for five other manufacturing
industries—fabricated metal products, electrical
machinery, machinery (except electrical), stone,
clay, and glass products, and apparel. In each of
these five manufacturing industries, at least
one major work stoppage contributed to the idle
ness total. Three groups—fabricated metal prod
ucts, machinery (except electrical), and trans
portation equipment—accounted for more than
200 stoppages each.
The construction industry exceeded all others
in man-days of idleness caused by strike activity.
The level of strike idleness registered in this in
dustry in 1958 was exceeded only in 1952 and
1953. About two-fiftlis of the idleness was at
tributable to five stoppages involving approxi
mately 100,000 workers.
Although fewer workers were involved in stop
pages in the transportation, communication, and
public utility group, compared with 1957, the
man-days of idleness increased. Five stoppages
were largely responsible for the increase—three
in the airlines industry, the western trucking
strike, and a prolonged strike of almost a thou
sand bus workers in the Midwestern and Western
States.
The number of stoppages and workers involved
in stoppages in mining industries dropped to the
lowest levels in many years. However, the mandays of idleness, while remaining at a low level,
increased by about 25 percent over 1957.
Idleness by State
Idleness rose in 1958 in 37 States. States hav
ing considerable employment in the manufacture
of automobiles and farm equipment ( Illinois, In
diana, Michigan, and Ohio) registered significant
increases over 1957 (table 6). Major stoppages
involving construction workers contributed to the
sharp increase in man-days of idleness in Oregon
and Texas.
The Eastern Airlines dispute and a construction
strike contributed to the increased idleness in
Florida. Several less industrialized States, for
example, Arizona and New Mexico, had greatly
increased idleness as the result of major interstate
strikes.
Union Conventions, July 16 to August 15, 1959
D ate
July 21_____
August 10__
August 10__
August 11__
August 15__
August 15__
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
O rganization
Stove Mounters International Union of North America.
International Union of United Brewery, Flour, Cereal,
Soft Drink & Distillery Workers of America.
International Photo-Engravers’ Union of North
America.
National Rural Letter Carriers’ Association (Ind.)—
International Mailers Union (Ind.)----------------------International Typographical Union-----------------------
Place
Kankakee, 111.
San Antonio, Tex.
Los Angeles,
Calif.
Washington, D.C.
Dayton, Ohio
Philadelphia, Pa.
Behavior of the CPI
in Periods of
Business Recovery
E wan Clague *
u r i n g 1957 a n d e a r l y 1958, considerable public
attention was centered on the apparent anomaly
of rising prices in the midst of business recession.
This paradox was frequently pointed out in the
press as well as occasionally being analyzed in the
professional journals.1
With business recovery from the 1957-58 reces
sion under way, the Consumer Price Index (CPI)
has been quite stable for a full year. Yet many
people are now looking forward with apprehen
sion to an early rise in the index, in the expecta
tion that continued business recovery will soon
result in the strengthening of prices generally.
D
Behavior of the Consumer Price Index
In this connection, a review of the behavior of
the index in the six periods of business recovery
since the beginning of the CPI is enlightening.
The panels of chart 1 show the price index com
pared with the index of industrial production of
the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System for a period of 24 months following the
trough of each business cycle, as determined by
the National Bureau of Economic Research. The
uniform period of 24 months was selected arbi
trarily ; it is not designed to measure the time to
the next business cycle peak. The production in
dex is seasonally adjusted in order to emphasize
its cyclical characteristics during the recovery
period. In addition to the CPI as a whole, the
chart shows separately the subordinate indexes for
food and for all items less food.
In the 1920-21 cycle, the production index rose
over 60 percent in the 2 years from July 1921,
while the Consumer Price Index was actually
lower than it had been at the bottom of the reces
642
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
sion. In fact, it was not until 4 years later, in
the summer of 1925, that the index surpassed its
1921 level. In the next cycle, after the March
1933 trough, the production index fluctuated
sharply and widely, probably because of the vary
ing activities of the National Recovery Adminis
tration, but 2 years later, it was nearly 60 percent
above the low point. During that recovery pe
riod, the price index rose about 8 percent, which
was almost wholly due to a more than 30-percent
rise in the food index. Farm prices were ex
tremely low in 1933, and so they rebounded
sharply under the stimulus of the Agricultural
Adjustment Administration. In the 1937-38
business cycle, the production index gained about
50 percent in the 24 months following the June
1938 trough, while once again the C PI was
slightly lower at the end of the period than it was
at the beginning of the recovery. Both the food
and nonfood groups declined.
The three business recessions following World
War I I did not go as deep or last as long as the
three previously mentioned. Hence, the rise in
the production index after the turning point was
substantially less. Nevertheless, the same general
pattern can be seen in the next three panels on the
chart.
Following October 1949, the low point in the
1948-49 recession, the production index rose rap
idly—about 30 percent within 10 months—and
then leveled out. The Consumer Price Index
lagged for about 8 months and then began to
climb sharply. But this was due to the outbreak
in Korea, which brought considerable hoarding,
accompanied by the prospect of price controls.
The food index, which had fallen about 5 percent
during the business downturn, remained stable
until Korea, and then rose about 12 percent within
a year. However, the CPI as a whole was only
about 11 percent higher at the end of 2 years, and
it remained at about that level for nearly 4 more
years.
In the 2 years following August 1954, the pro
duction index rose about 15 percent, while the
CPI rose by less than 2 percent. The C PI did not
decline in the recession and it did not rise much
during the recovery.
♦Com m issioner of L abor S tatistics.
1
See T he C onsum er P ric e Index in th e B usiness Cycle (in
M onthly L abor Review, J u n e 1958, pp. 616—620).
643
THE CPI IN BUSINESS RECOVERY PERIODS
Chart 1.
Behavior of Consumer Price Index and Industrial Production Index
in Six Business Cycles
1957
1 F o r All Item s L ess Food, M ay 1921 = 100.
2 D a ta fo r selected m onths.
3 F o r All Item s L ess Food, Ju n e 1933 = 100.
N ote : T he base period in each p an el is th e business cycle
tro u g h as d eterm in ed by th e N a tio n al B u reau of Econom ic
Research.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1958
1959
1960
Source : In d u s tria l P ro d u ctio n Index, B oard of Governors,
F ed eral R eserve System ; C onsum er P ric e Index, B ureau of L abor
S ta tistic s.
644
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
During the 1958-59 recovery period, the pro
duction index has risen roughly 15 percent in the
11 months since the April 1958 low point, while the
Consumer Price Index leveled out in the spring of
1958 and has been stable since that time.
A feature of the CPI which can be examined in
recent recessions, but for which information is
not available prior to 1935, is the breakdown of
the index for all items less food into three com
ponent parts: durable goods, nondurable goods,
and all services, including rent. (See chart 2.)
During the 24 months following June 1938, the
durable goods index dropped 3.4 percent and was
a major factor in causing the slight decline in the
index as a whole. Nondurable goods excluding
food declined only 0.8 percent. The services re
mained practically unchanged, rising 0.1 percent.
In the 1949-51 and 1954-56 business recovery
periods, the services rose slowly but steadily, while
both durable and nondurable goods fluctuated to
some extent. In the earlier period, the goods in
dexes remained stable for the first three quarters
Chart 2. Behavior of Selected Consumer Price Index Components
and Industrial Production Index in Six Business Cycles
1953- 54.
150
(SEPTEMBER 1954-100) INDEX
-----------“
1150
140
.130
INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX
(Seasonally Adjusted)'
2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 IQ II 12 I? 14 I? 16 17 IB I? 2,0 gl 22 232fflfi
1954
(SEPTEMBER 1949 =100) INDEX
J
140
140
1956
1955
(APRIL 1958-100) INDEX
120
120
INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX
130
130
120
120
DURABLE GOODS
1 /
no
115 -IN D U STRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX
/
(Seaso nally Adjusted)
V
\
y '
\
110
X
/
*>
.....
-—
100
V"
1
"T--------- ser vic e 's’1.
7
100
NONDURABLE GOODS
EXCLUDING FOOD
90
/
NONDURABLE GOODS
EXCLUDING FOOD
90
'- T " ''" '
SERVICES
80
80
70 6 ? 4 Ì 2 ; P ! 2 ? 4 ? ? 7 9 9 IO II lg 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 2223247 r>
M A M J
J
1949
F M A M J
J A S O N D
1950
F M A M J J A S
1951
1
In cludes re n t, gas, electricity, d ry cleaning, lau n d ry service,
dom estic service, telephone, w ater, postage, shoe rep airs, auto
rep airs, au to in su rance, au to re g istra tio n , tr a n s it fares, railro ad
fares, professio n al m edical services, ho sp ital services, group hos
p italizatio n , b arb er an d beauty shop services, television repairs,
m o tion-picture adm issions, an d from 1953 forw ard, home p u r
chase, real-e state taxes, m ortgage in te re st, p ro p erty insurance,
re p a in tin g garage, re p a in tin g room s, resh in g lin g roof, an d refinish ln g floors.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
95
9 0 ? ? 4 ? ? I 9 I ? 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 IO 1112 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 2324çf)
0 N 0
1957 -
J F
M A M
J
J A S O N O J F M A M J
1958
J A S O N D J F
1959
MA
1960
N o t e : T he base period in each panel is th e business _cycle
tro u g h as determ ined by th e N atio n al B u reau of E conom ic Re
search or th e m onth n e a re s t th e tro u g h fo r w hich C P I com
ponent d a ta (com puted on a q u a rte rly basis) w ere available.
S ource : In d u s tria l P ro d u c tio n Index, B oard of Governors,
F ed eral Reserve S y ste m ; N ondurable Goods E xcluding Food,
D urable Goods, Services (com ponents of th e Consum er P ric e I n
dex), B ureau of L abor S ta tistic s.
THE CPI IN BUSINESS RECOVERY PERIODS
and then rose about 10 percent before controls
were imposed in the first quarter of 1951. Serv
ices, however, rose steadily from the bottom of the
recession and reached a level nearly 10 percent
higher by the end of 2 years. In 1954-56, the
goods indexes changed very little, durables de
clining about 1 percent and nondurables rising
about 3 percent. But the services continued their
slow, steady climb, increasing nearly 5 percent by
the end of the period. This same general pattern
has existed so far in the recovery of 1958-59.
Conclusions
What, then, are the general conclusions from
these facts ? First, the Consumer Price Index as
a whole tends to lag during the early stages of
business recovery. Production can climb substan
tially, and reemployment can follow (though at
a lower rate of increase), but prices at retail do
not respond immediately. In fact, prices tend to
remain stable until recovery has passed into pros
perity.
The subgroups in the index behave quite differ
ently from each other. Families suffering from
unemployment or reduced incomes tend to cut
down on heavy capital purchases, while they keep
up their spending on food, rent, utilities, and
other nondeferrable purchases. So commodities,
especially durables, may actually decline in price
during the early stages of business recovery.
Services, however, remain firm or even rise in
price. In 1938-40, the services index held firm for
2 years; but in recent recessions, that index has
climbed slowly but steadily throughout the reces
sion and the subsequent recovery. The same pat
tern is being followed in 1958-59—the outlook is
for a continuing rise in the services.
Of all groups in the index, foods are the most
responsive to changing economic conditions; but
they respond more to the agricultural cycle than
to the industrial cycle—and these two cycles do
not exactly correspond in timing. In the 1948-49
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
645
recession, food prices were declining when the
business downturn began and they finally reached
bottom in February 1950, which was also the low
point for the CPI as a whole.
By 1954, the farm cycle was lagging a little;
the decline in food prices occurred after the busi
ness recovery began, and continued throughout
1955 and into the spring of 1956. In fact, declin
ing food prices were a major factor in the remark
able stability of the CPI from the year 1952 to
early 1956.
When the next business downturn began in the
autumn of 1957, the farm cycle was lagging still
more behind business. Food prices rose sharply
in the spring of 1956, fluctuated seasonally during
1957, and then rose to a new alltime peak in the
spring of 1958. The rise was due partly to ex
ceptionally bad crop weather in some sections
of the country, but also to the unfavorable cornhog price ratio in 1955-56, resulting in reduced
herds of meat animals. But now in 1959, a down
turn in farm prices is under way. Farmers have
been building up their herds, and larger market
ings of meat animals will follow eventually. A
typical but moderate seasonal rise in fruit and
vegetable prices should occur in the late spring
and early summer of 1959, but this temporary
strengthening will be followed by seasonal price
declines beginning about midsummer. At that
same time, according to the U.S. Department of
Agriculture, there is the likelihood of some de
cline in meat prices. So, cheaper foods may hold
the CPI down during the latter part of this year.
Finally, the lag in the CPI during business
recovery ceases with the advent of prosperity.
When production reaches new peaks, when indus
try is operating near capacity, and when reem
ployment has reduced unemployment to prosper
ity levels, then the pressure on prices grows and
the CPI begins to rise more sharply, as in 195657. When full prosperity is reached some time in
the future, the CPI is likely to move to higher
levels.
Summaries o f Studies and Reports
Accident and Sickness Benefits
Under Collective Bargaining, 1958
A c c i d e n t a n d s i c k n e s s c o v e r a g e in health and
insurance plans—also referred to as cash disability
benefits—provides payments to workers to com
pensate partially for the loss of wage income
during absences caused by accidents and illnesses.
Such plans generally apply to accidents or ill
nesses arising off the job, which workmen’s com
pensation does not cover. An increasing number
of plans have, since their inception, extended
coverage to occupational accidents and illnesses,
thereby supplementing benefits which the injured
worker receives through workmen’s compensa
tion.
This insurance against loss of wage income gen
erally covers a fixed term of absence, e.g., 26
weeks, which may apply to a particular disability
incurred by the worker or may express the maxi
mum protection available during a year. In
either case, a long siege of illness extending be
yond the specified insured period will exhaust a
worker’s protection. Normally, however, this
protection is renewed for another disability on
the worker’s return to the job or at the start of
his next benefit year. Unlike other benefits pro
vided under health and insurance plans, which
may be extended to dependents and to retired
workers, accident and sickness benefits, related
to wage loss, are available only to active workers.
With few exceptions, disabled workers are
required to be under a physician’s care in order to
collect benefits, and, in many cases, the disability
has to be attested to in writing by the physician.
Total disability, or confinement to the home or
in a hospital, is seldom a requirement for receiv
ing benefits. In most plans, accident and sickness
benefits are provided through group insurance
policies. An alternative method is self-insurance,
that is, contributions are made to a fund from
which benefits are paid.
646
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
A study by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of
the U.S. Department of Labor, from which this
article was excerpted,1 covered the key features
of accident and sickness benefits, as provided in
selected collectively bargained programs in effect
in the fall of 1958, including eligibility require
ments, waiting periods for accident and for sick
ness benefits, amounts of weekly benefits paid,
duration of benefit payments, supplementation of
workmen’s compensation, benefits payable in ma
ternity cases, financing arrangements, and related
aspects. A similar study based on plans in effect
in late 1955 2 provides a basis for evaluating the
changes that have taken place over the past 3
years.
Scope of Study
The 300 health and insurance plans studied were
in effect in the fall of 1958. They were selected
to provide a broadly representative view of the
type of protection provided under major plans,
i.e., those covering 1,000 or more workers. The
300 selected plans, which ranged in coverage to
a half million workers, provided protection to a
total of 4.9 million workers, or about 40 percent
of the estimated number of workers under all
health and insurance plans under collective bar
gaining agreements. Of these 300 plans, 271 had
been included in the Bureau’s previous study.
Virtually every major manufacturing and non
manufacturing industry was represented in the
sample studied. Almost 3 out of 4 plans (219),
covering two-thirds of the workers, were in manu
facturing industries. Almost a third of the plans
(93), covering more than 40 percent of the work
ers, were negotiated by multiemployer groups.
Of the 300 health and insurance plans studied,
232, covering 3,567,000 workers, included accident
and sickness benefits. Almost 7 out of 8 plans in
1 For detailed findings of this study, see Health and Insurance
Plans Under Collective Bargaining: Accident and Sickness Bene
fits, Fall 1958 (BLS Bull. 1250).
2 Analysis of Health and Insurance Plans Under Collective
Bargaining, Late 1955 (BLS Bull. 1221, 1957).
647
CONTRACT ACCIDENT AND SICKNESS BENEFITS
and insurance program as a whole. Approxi
mately the same proportion of workers were cov
ered by employer-financed and jointly financed
benefits. A majority of plans involving single
employers required the worker to pay part of the
cost of this coverage. With few exceptions, bene
fits under multiemployer plans were financed en
tirely by the employers participating in the plan.
Since late 1955, no significant change has occurred
in the method of financing accident and sickness
benefits in the plans studied.
manufacturing industries, and half of the non
manufacturing programs studied, contained this
feature.3
Under all but two of the plans with accident
and sickness benefits, workers were covered dur
ing absences caused by disabilities not related to
the job. Sixty-five plans supplemented work
men’s compensation benefits by covering occupa
tional disabilities. About 90 percent of these 65
plans covered workers in manufacturing indus
tries.
The employer paid the full cost of accident and
sickness benefits in 6 out of 10 plans. Under
almost all of the remaining plans, workers shared
the cost of this coverage by contributing directly
toward the cost of this benefit or of the health
Eligibility R equirem ents4
Accident and sickness benefits, for other than
maternity cases, became available to newly hired
workers after a period of service which was usu
ally long enough to separate the temporary and
regular employees but not so long as to constitute
a service requirement of the paid vacation type.
Four out of five plans required employment of
less than 4 months. Only five plans held off cov
erage for 11 or 12 months. In 57 plans, the new
worker was covered within a month after re
porting to work, in some cases on the first day.
3 In many cases, plans excluding this benefit provided paid sick
leave, or workers were covered by State temporary disability laws.
4 As discussed in this section, eligibility requirements refer
only to the period of employment required before a worker is
eligible to participate in the plan. The specified waiting period
for accident and sickness benefits, and the period a worker must
be insured in order to be eligible for accident and sickness bene
fits for maternity cases, are discussed separately. In addition
to specifying an employment requirement, a few plans also re
quired a period of union membership. This period rarely ex
ceeded the employment requirement.
T a b l e 1.
D is t r ib u t io n o f P l a n s P r o v id in g F la t A m o u n t s o f N o n o c c u p a t io n a l A c c id e n t a n d S ic k n e s s B e n e f i t s ,
b y A m o u n t P r o v id e d a n d D u r a t io n o f B e n e f it P e r io d , F a l l 1 9 5 8 1
Maximum duration of benefits—■
All plans
Amount of weekly
nonoccupational benefits
Per year
Per disability
13 weeks
26 weeks
20 weeks
13 weeks
52 weeks
26 weeks
20 weeks
Work
Work
Work
Work
Work
Work
Work
Work
Plans ers
Plans ers
Num ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
(thou
(thou
(thou
(thou
(thou
(thou
(thou
ber (thou
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
All plans providing a fiat am ount.. 2 123
1,354
44
405
3
3
4
2
12
4
19
4
12
2
22
1
10
12
10
1
1
1
92
20
23
21
101
320
96
19
154
3
241
4
65
101
67
18
1
9
3
3
4
1
11
92
20
23
4
97
8
2
5
2
2
24
4
77
3
44
1
1
8
2
1
2
Under $15
$15
$20
$20.01 and under $25
$25
$25.01 and under $30
$30
$30.01 and under $35
$35
$35.01 and under $40
$40
$40.01 and under $45
$45
$45.01 and under $50
$50
$50 01 and under $55
$55
$65
1
4
71
65
524
1
35
1
1
10
4
4
56
3
5
73
33
20
i
7
12
7
198
4
25
101
60
1
1
9
1 Based on a study of 300 health and insurance plans under collective bar
gaining, covering approximately 5 million workers; of these, 230 plans, cover
ing 3,553,000 workers, provided nonoccupational accident and sickness
benefits.
2 Excludes 1 plan, covering 6,000 workers, that provided a lower benefit
the first week than th at provided during the remainder of the benefit period.
Includes 1 plan, covering 17,000 workers, that provided benefits for an un
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2
11
1
9
1
2
32
281
2
281
1
16
1
16
2
24
1
6
1
18
limited period; 2 plans, covering 4,300 workers, that provided benefits for
39 weeks per disability; and 9 plans, covering 164,800 workers, that provided
a lower benefit for women.
3 These 2 plans provided separately for 13 weeks per year for accidents
and 13 weeks per year for sickness.
N
o te
: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals
648
Presumably for accounting purposes, about one
out of five plans covered the worker at the begin
ning of the month following the completion of the
eligibility period.
Nonoccupational Benefits
The three key elements of accident and sickness
plans which determine the amount of financial
protection the worker receives in the event of dis
ability arising off the job are (1) the amount of
weekly payment provided, (2) the waiting period,
i.e., the number of initial days of absence for
which he does not receive payments, and (3) the
maximum duration of benefit payments.
With few exceptions among the plans studied,
the weekly benefit payable was either a flat (uni
form) amount or a variable amount determined
by an earnings scale or the individual worker’s
earnings. More than half of the plans (124)
specified a uniform amount for all covered work
ers. However, a larger proportion of workers
were covered by the 99 plans graduating the
amount according to earnings. Some of the plans
in this study that had provided a flat amount in
late 1955 based benefits on earnings in 1958.
Under nine uniform plans covering 56,000
workers, a ceiling was placed on the amount pay
able in relation to earnings. In six cases, the
stipulated amount was payable only if it was not
greater than 66% percent of the worker’s earn
ings. Two plans set the limit at 70 percent and
one at 75 percent.
Plans which graduated the accident and sick
ness benefits according to earnings either paid a
percentage of the worker’s weekly wage (32
plans) or a fixed amount assigned to the wage
classification in which the worker’s weekly earn
ings fell (67 plans). Fifteen of the plans paying
a stipulated percent of the worker’s wage desig
nated 50 percent of weekly earnings as the
weekly amount allowable.
Amount of Benefit.5 The weekly benefit provided
under the 123 flat plans ranged from less than
$15 to $65, with the median plan paying $35
(table 1). Approximately half of the workers
covered by flat plans received less than $35 a
week in benefits. Almost 12 percent of the work
ers (under 12 plans) received less than $25 a
week, and 7 percent (under 13 plans) received $50
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
or more. On the whole, method of financing does
not appear to be a major factor in accounting
for differences among plans in the level of benefits.
About 3 out of 10 flat plans paid weekly bene
fits of $45 or more in late 1958, compared with
about 1 out of 16 in late 1955 (chart). The
proportion of plans paying less than $35 a week
decreased from almost 3 out of 5 in 1955 to
slightly more than 2 out of 5 in 1958.
Under graduated plans relating benefit levels to
earnings levels, the weekly benefit provided
workers6 earning $4,000 yearly ranged from $15,
or 20 percent of the weekly wage (before deduc
tions), to $56, or more than 70 percent of the
weekly wage (table 2). The median plan paid
$40 a week, or slightly more than half the weekly
wage. The levels provided by contributory plans
were, on the average, higher than those provided
under plans financed entirely by the employer.
Almost half of the plans paid more than $40 a
week to the $4,000-a-year worker in 1958, as com
pared with slightly more than a fourth in 1955.
The upward trend in benefit levels since 1955, as
reflected in the accompanying chart, was caused
by changes in plan provisions affecting the
$4,000-a-year level,7 and does not take into ac
count. the likelihood that the $4,000-a-year worker
5 In order to tabulate the amount of benefits provided by gradu
ated plans, It Is necessary to choose a specific earnings level and
to calculate the amount of benefit payable to a worker at that
level. For this study, a $4,000-a-year level (weekly equivalent
$76.92) was selected. The weekly payments shown in this report
for $4,000-a-year workers under graduated plans, it is important
to note, would not be applicable to another earnings level.
Under flat or uniform plans, the relationship of benefit levels
to a weekly wage of $76.92 or to any other arbitrarily selected
earnings level can, of course, be readily computed. However,
the benefit amount under many flat plans is geared to the ex
pected level of earnings of workers covered by the plan. If this
level varies substantially from the one arbitrarily selected, the
relationship mentioned above would be unrealistic. For example,
if workers covered by a flat plan are expected to earn $120 a
week, the level of accident and sickness benefits provided by the
plan would tend to reflect this expectancy. Relating this level
of benefits to a weekly wage of $76.92; would exaggerate the
proportion of earnings provided by the plan.
For these reasons, this study must deal separately with benefit
levels of flat and graduated plans, without combining them, to
present a picture of all 230 plans providing nonoccupational
accident and sickness benefits. In addition, data for flat and
graduated plans have been tabulated separately in order to relate
waiting periods to the basis for determining amount of benefit
as well as duration of payments to the amounts of benefits.
6 Since benefit levels for only the $4,000-a-year worker were
computed for graduated plans, the numbers of workers shown
in table 2 at various benefit levels do not indicate the numbers
receiving the benefit (as in the case of flat plans), but the total
number of workers covered by the plans.
7 Whether other, wage categories were affected to a greater
or lesser extent than the $4,000 level was not investigated in this
study.
649
CONTRACT ACCIDENT AND SICKNESS BENEFITS
in late 1955 would be in a higher bracket in 1958,
as a result of wage increases alone, and would
therefore be entitled to a higher benefit without
any change in plan provisions.
ness were provided by 11 plans. (See footnotes
4-8, table 3.9)
All but one of the plans studied limited acci
dent and sickness benefits payments to a fixed
period. More than 9 out of 10 plans with a non
occupational benefit provided a maximum num
ber of weekly benefit payments for each disability
(table 4). Under these plans, the number of
weekly payments a worker previously collected
from the plan had no bearing on the number avail
able to him for future disabilities if the dis
abilities were due to unrelated causes and were
separated by a return to work, usually for a speci
fied period. In 15 plans, workers were limited
to a certain number of benefit weeks in a year.
The duration of the accident and sickness bene
fits under the plans studied was uniform for all
covered workers except for certain modifications
based on age. Over half of the plans with a non
occupational benefit made benefit payments for
up to 26 weeks per disability. The next most fre
quent maximum duration specified was 13 weeks
per disability (61 plans). Seven plans covered
workers for a full year of disability.
Waiting Period and Duration. In 7 out of 10
plans, workers were entitled to immediate bene
fits for absences caused by accidents happening
off the job (table 3). In the case of sickness,
prevailing practice was much more restrictive.
Only three plans covered workers for the first
3 days of absence. Eight out of ten plans started
benefits on the eighth day of absence and one of
seven started payments on the fourth day. Under
some of these plans, however, accident and sick
ness benefits became available immediately upon
being hospitalized.8
Retroactive payments following the completion
of a waiting period or an extended period of ill8 The extent to which nonoccupational benefits were supple
mented by separate paid sick leave plans covering the first few
days of absence was not determined in this study.
9 Some plans provided retroactive payments for both accident
and sickness disability and are therefore listed twice in the
footnotes.
T a b l e 2.
D is t r ib u t io n o f P l a n s P r o v id in g G r a d u a t e d A m o u n t s o f N o n o c c u p a t io n a l A c c id e n t a n d S ic k n e s s
B e n e f i t s , b y A m o u n t P r o v i d e d W o r k e r s E a r n i n g $ 4 ,0 0 0 Y e a r l y a n d D u r a t i o n o f B e n e f i t P e r i o d , F a l l
1958 1
Maximum duration of benefits—
All plans
Amount of weekly nonoccupa
tional benefits for $4,000-a-year
worker 2
Per disability
13 weeks
Num
ber
20 weeks
26 weeks
52 weeks
13 weeks
20 weeks
26 weeks
Work
Work
Work
Work
Work
Work
Work
Work
ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
Plans ers
(thou
(thou
(thou
(thou
(thou
(thou
(thou
(thou
sands)
sands )
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
All plans graduating the amount
according to earnings alone___
3 97
1,938
15
87
$15
$25.01 and under $30..-................ .
$30_________________________
$30.01 and under $35............ .......
$35___ ______________________
$35.01 and under $40___________
$40.___ _____________________
*40.01 and under $45___________
45..________________________
45.01 and under $50___________
50._________________________
50.01 and under $55............ .........
55.01 and under $60............... .
1
1
5
4
9
15
15
13
13
10
5
5
1
5
3
56
32
44
336
105
439
571
257
56
25
10
1
1
1
5
3
8
3
3
5
13
11
43
1
5
4
4
1 For coverage, see footnote 1, table 1, and text footnote 6.
2 Weekly equivalent—$76.92.
3 Excludes 2 plans, covering 26,000 workers, under which the weekly
mount provided during the first part of the benefit period was higher than
hat provided during the latter part of the benefit period. Includes 1 plan,
overing 13,000 workers, that provided benefits for 15 weeks per disability;
nd2plans, covering 8,300 workers, that provided a lower benefit for women.
4 Includes 1 plan, covering 19,300 workers, that provided benefits for 26
eeks per disability but limited the number of benefit payments per year
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Per year
40
40
4 64
1,599
3
4
4
3
10
12
13
6
5
3
1
10
32
12
244
62
426
571
164
56
13
10
4
92
3
85
1
7
53
59
1
39
2
20
«3
21
3
21
3
27
2
19
1
8
5Includes 1 plan, covering 18,000 workers, that provided benefits separately
for 13 weeks per year for accidents and 13 weeks per year for sickness.
6 Includes 1 plan, covering 2,500 workers, that provided benefits separately
for 20 weeks per year for accidents and 20 weeks per year for sickness.
N ote: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
650
The relationships between benefit levels and
maximum duration of benefits, as shown in tables
1 and 2, reveal a marked tendency for longer du
rations to accompany higher benefit levels.
Reduction of Benefits for Older Workers. In
four out of five plans, the same benefits were
available to all eligible workers regardless of age.
In 47 plans, however, benefit terms were modified
Weekly Nonoccupational Accident and Sickness Benefits in Selected Health and Insurance Plans
Late 1955 and Fall 19581
Percent of Plans
30
Percent of Plans
30
Flat Plans
bTxlXXI Late 1955 - 133 Plans
25
- 25
20
20
30
Graduated Plans
( $ 4,000-0- Year W orker3)
25 Late 1955 - 9 5 Plans
V ////A
20
Fall 1958 - 97 Plans
-
15 -
10
-
Under
$20
$2 0 $20.01 $25
to
$2 4 .9 9
$25.01 $ 3 0 $30.01 $35 $35.01 $40 $40.01 $45 $45.01 $50 $50.01
to
to
to
to
to
and
$2 9 .9 9
$3 4.99
$ 3 9.99
$4 4 .9 9
$49.99
O ver
1 Based on studies of 300 health and Insurance plans under
collective bargaining.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
a None.
3 Weekly equivalent—$76.92.
651
CONTRACT ACCIDENT AND SICKNESS BENEFITS
T able
3.
D is t r ib u t io n
of
P lans
P r o v id in g
N on-
OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENT AND SlCKNESS BENEFITS, BY
W a it in g P e r io d a n d B a s is f o r D e t e r m in in g A m o u n t
B e n e f it , F all 1958 1
of
Basis for d etermining
amount if benefit
All plans
Flat amount
Type of benefit and waiting
period
Amount
graduated
according
to earnings
W orkW ork
W ork
Num ers Plans ers Plans ers
(thou
(thou
ber (thou
sands)
sands)
sands)
All plans providing nonoccupational accident and sickness
benefits_____ - ___________
A
2 230
3, 553
124
1,360
99
1,964
160
<4
«39
2,400
132
302
356
98
3
2
16
865
45
281
125
59
11
2
21
1,376
88
21
197
5
2
6
265
38
61
1
1
3
6
3
36
4
259
2
24
9
402
12
7
153
19
250
34
1,795
1
94
1
760
2
62
33
845
912
302
38
61
9
2
1
3
119
281
3
36
12
2
793
21
2
24
c c id e n t
Benefit begins—
Immediately____________
After 3 days_____________
After 6 days_____________
After 7 days____ — —
After 7 days or when hospitalized_____ ________
Upon being hospitalized___
Other________ S ic
3 14
k n ess
Benefit begins—
3
Immediately
31
After 3 days. ____ .
After 3 days or when hos3
pitalized______________
After 7 days-------- - - - ---- « 160
After 7 days or when hospitalized______ - - - - 7 21
84
After 13 days __________
2
Upon being hospitalized___
6
Other_________________ _
2
1 Based on a study of 300 health and insurance plans under collective bar
gaining covering approximately 5 million workers.
2 Includes 7 plans, covering 228,200 workers, that based the amount of bene
fit on factors such as marital status or amount of State disability insurance.
3 Includes 1 plan, covering 4,000 workers, providing a waiting period of 3
days or when hospitalized, whichever occurs first.
i These plans provided for retroactivity of benefits to first day of disability.
3 Includes 1 plan, covering 11,500 workers, providing for retroactivity of
benefit payments if disability lasted for a specified period; 1 plan, covering
17.000 workers, providing benefits for hospitalized cases only and providing
retroactivity of benefit payments to first day of hospitalization; and 2 other
plans, covering 8,000 workers, providing for retroactivity of benefits to first
day of disability.
6 Includes 2 plans, covering 13,600 workers, providing for retroactivity to
first day if disability lasted for a specified period; 1 plan, covering 17,000 work
ers, providing benefits for hospitalized cases only and providing retroactivity
of benefit payments to first day of hospitalization; and 1 other plan, covering
6.000 workers, providing for retroactivity of benefits to first day of disability.
7 Includes 1 plan, covering 4,000 workers, providing for retroactivity to
first day if hospitalized during disability period.
8 These plans provided for retroactivity of benefits to eighth day of dis
ability.
N o t e : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal
totals.
for workers reaching a stipulated age. In no
case were workers under 60 years of age affected.
With two exceptions, the basis of payment was
modified for workers upon the attainment of the
specified age. In most of these plans, a change
from a “per disability” to a “per year” basis took
effect when the worker reached age 60. Both the
accident and sickness benefits were affected in
10
Six of these plans covered only occupational accident disa
bilities.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
about 2 out of 3 of the 47 plans; in the other
plans, only the sickness benefit was involved. In
addition to changing the basis of payment at age
60, one plan reduced the benefit amount for
workers upon the attainment of age 65. Benefit
payments were discontinued under 2 of the 47
plans; under 1 of these plans, workers were not
eligible for benefits after age 65, and under the
other, after age 70.
Occupational Benefits
An increasing number of health and insurance
plans now provide accident and sickness benefits
for occupational disabilities, a practice designed
to eliminate differentials between benefits payable
under a private plan for nonoccupational disabil
ities and the workmen’s compensation benefit for
occupational disabilities payable according to
State law. More than a fourth of the plans with
an accident and sickness benefit (65) provided
coverage for on-the-job disabilities.10 All except
two plans also covered nonoccupational disabili
ties. In late 1955, only 52 of the plans studied
covered occupational disabilities.
Generally, the benefit payable for occupational
disabilities was the difference between the work
men’s compensation benefit and the amount pro
vided for nonoccupational cases. For example,
under a plan providing a $40 weekly benefit for
nonoccupational disabilities, an injured worker
eligible for a $25 workmen’s compensation benefit
would receive $15 from the private plan.
With few exceptions, the waiting period and
the duration for occupational benefits were the
same as for nonoccupational benefits. Two plans
covering 57,000 workers provided a longer wait
ing period for occupational accident benefits than
for nonoccupational accident benefits; another
plan covering 3,000 workers specified a longer
waiting period for both occupational accident and
sickness benefits than for nonoccupational bene
fits. The duration of occupational benefits dif
fered from the duration of nonoccupational bene
fits in only two plans covering 21,000 workers.
M aternity Benefits
Partial compensation for income losses result
ing from disabilities caused by pregnancy was
provided women workers in almost three-fourths
652
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
(168) of the plans with weekly accident and sick
ness benefits. Under most of these plans (162),
weekly benefits were payable; the remainder pro
vided a general lump-sum allowance in lieu of
weekly accident and sickness benefits and other
plan benefits.
In addition to the eligibility requirements pre
viously discussed, newly insured women workers
under 121 of the 168 plans had to satisfy further
qualification requirements for maternity benefits.
Forty-seven plans made pregnancy disability ben
efits available immediately. Benefits were pay
able under 76 plans for disabilities caused by
pregnancy which began after women workers
became insured. Coverage for a predetermined
period, generally 9 months, was required by the
remaining 45 plans before benefits became
payable.
The weekly maternity benefit payment provided
in 160 of the plans was the same as the amount
specified for nonoccupational disabilities. Two
plans paid a lower weekly amount for maternity
than for nonmaternity disabilities. In one of
these, the benefit was $5 less than that provided
for nonmaternity cases and in the other, $6 less.
A uniform or flat weekly benefit, ranging from
$9 to $55 a week, was allowed for pregnancy dis
abilities in 87 plans (table 5). Most frequently
11 W eekly eq u iv alent— $57.70.
T a bl e 4.
M a x im u m D u r a t io n o f N o n o c c u p a t io n a l
A c c id e n t a n d S ic k n e s s B e n e f i t s , F a l l 1 9 5 8 1
Maximum duration
Workers
(thou
sands)
Plans
All plans providing nonoccupational accident and sick
ness benefits___ . __________________________
230
3, 553
Per disability__ ______________ ____________ _ _ _
13 weeks___ _________ _ _ ___________
20 weeks___
. __ _________ .
26 weeks___ _ __ ________ _
______
39 weeks___ - _ ___
____________ _
52 weeks_______________
_ ____________ .
Other_____________ ___ _ . . ___
213
61
8
131
3
7
23
3,097
638
111
2 142
6
138
62
15
35
44
5
1
430
340
37
52
1
2
25
Per year______________
i3 weeks___ __________ _
20 weeks_______________
26weeks._ .- . . __
Other____
_
Other___ .
...
.
__
__
_
___________
. . . _________
________ _
__________
___ _ .
___
____________
1 For coverage, see footnotes 1 and 2, table 3.
2 Includes 1 plan, covering 17,000 workers, that provided benefits for an
unlimited period per disability.
3 Includes 3 plans, covering 299,000 workers, that provided separately for 13
weeks per year for accidents and 13 weeks per year for sickness.
4 Includes 1 plan, covering 2,500 workers, that provided separately for 20
weeks per year for accidents and 20 weeks per year for sickness.
N ote: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e 5.
D is t r ib u t io n o f A c c id e n t a n d
S ic k n e s s
P l a n s P r o v id in g F la t a n d G r a d u a t e d A m o u n t s o f
W e e k l y B e n e f it s fo r M a t e r n it y C a s e s , b y A m o u n t
P r o v id e d , F a l l 1 9 5 8 1
Graduated plans
($3,000-a-year
worker3)
Flat plans
Amount of weekly maternity
benefit
Number
W orkers
Workers 2
(th ou
(thou Number
sands)
sands)
All plans- __________ _
87
689
74
1,517
Under $15_____ __________
$15............... .....................
$20_________________________
$20.01 and under $25 _________
$25_________________________
$25.01 and under $ 3 0 _________
- $30___________________
$30.01 and under $35- _________
$35__________________
$35.01 and under $40 ________
$40_________________________
$40.01 and under $45 ________
$45_________________________
$45.01 and under $50 ________
$50______ _______________
$55_____________________
2
2
2
1
8
1
22
4
7
2
12
1
6
12
4
1
43
18
16
4
57
35
179
39
45
3
112
4
18
101
14
1
1
5
2
2
12
7
6
18
9
4
10
2
1
4
9
93
38
78
157
77
61
432
444
120
1 Based on a study of 300 health and insurance plans under collective bar
gaining covering approximately 5 million workers; of these, 162 plans, cover
ing 2,351,000 workers, provided weekly accident and sickness benefits for
maternity cases. 1 plan not accounted for in this table, covering 145,000
workers, provided a benefit based on service.
2 Number of workers covered by plans may not reflect an indication of use
of benefit since proportion of women covered varied substantially among
plans.
3 Weekly equivalent—$57.70.
N o t e : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
it was $30 (22 plans). The median flat plan pro
vided $35 a week.
Plans graduating the weekly benefit according
to earnings alone paid women workers earning
$3,000 yearly11 (an arbitrarily selected earnings
level) an amount ranging from $10 to $48 if
the disability was caused by pregnancy. Under
18 plans, $35 a week, or 60 percent of the gross
weekly wage, was paid. This wras also the amount
paid by the median plan.
All except 1 of the 162 plans provided weekly
benefits for disabilities due to pregnancy for a
shorter duration than for other types of disabil
ities. With four exceptions, these benefits were
paid for a maximum period of 6 weeks.
Six plans provided a lump-sum maternity al
lowance as partial compensation for loss of income
and for hospital and medical expenses incurred.
Three of these plans gave women workers $150;
the other amounts were $75, $100, and $200.
— D
orothy
K
and
H
it t n e r
arry
G reen
E. Davi
Division of Wages and Industrial Relation
EARNINGS IN SYNTHETIC FIBERS MANUFACTURING
Earnings in Synthetic Fibers
Manufacturing, October 1958
E
a r n in g s
of
p r o d u c t io n
and
related
w orkers
in synthetic fibers manufacturing averaged $1.96
an hour in October 1958, exclusive of premium
pay for overtime and for work on holidays, week
ends, and late shifts. According to a field survey
conducted by the U.S. Department of Labor’s
Bureau of Labor Statistics,1 straight-time hourly
earnings of the nearly 46,500 production workers
in the industry were found to range from $1 to as
much as $3 an hour. Nearly 60 percent earned
between $1.50 and $2.
Men accounted for three-fourths of the indus
try ’s production-worker employment and aver
aged $2.02 an hour, compared with $1.79 for
women, who were usually employed in the finish
ing (or textile) departments.
Earnings in the South,2 which accounted for 85
percent of the industry’s employment, averaged
$1.99 an hour—3 cents above the industry average.
Workers in establishments primarily engaged
in manufacturing cellulosic fibers averaged $1.89
an hour, compared with $2.12 for workers in estab
lishments producing noncellulosic fibers. Wage
level differences between the two industry
branches were most pronounced for the skilled
maintenance workers.
In both branches of the industry, workers in the
skilled maintenance jobs were the highest paid of
the occupations studied separately. Chemical
operators and spinners were among the highest
paid of the processing workers studied separately;
workers in the finishing operations tended to be
the lowest paid.
The study also provides information on certain
establishment practices including hours of work;
paid vacations; paid holidays; and health, in
surance, and pension plans.
Industry Characteristics
Synthetic fibers now rank second to cotton in
terms of total fiber consumption in the United
States. Frequently referred to as manmade3
fibers, they fall into two main classifications: The
cellulosics (rayon and acetate), and the noncellu-
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653
losics which include nylon, acrylic fibers (Orion),
polyester fibers (Dacron), and others. In 1957,
manmade fibers accounted for 28 percent of total
U.S. fiber consumption by weight (compared with
66 percent for cotton) .4 The development of this
industry has taken place entirely within the past
50 years.
The first manmade fiber plant in the United
States was established in 1910 at Marcus Hook,
Pa., to produce rayon yarn by the viscose process.
Acetate, the second of the manmade fibers, was
first manufactured commercially in the United
States in 1924. By 1943, rayon and acetate ac
counted for 10 percent of all textile fibers con
sumed in the United States. Nylon, the first true
synthetic fiber, was introduced on a commercial
scale in 1940. Other noncellulosic fibers (acrylics
and polyesters) were soon added to the expanding
industry. Although the production of cellulosic
fibers (rayon and acetate) in 1957 was approxi
mately 10 percent above the average for the years
1947-49, production of noncellulosic fibers in 1957
was more than 7y2 times that of the base period.5
The production of cellulosic fibers has remained
slightly above the billion pounds figure for sev
eral years, whereas noncellulosic production has
steadily increased to the half billion pounds re
ported for 1957.
In principle, production methods or processes
of the various manmade fibers have much in com
mon. Described broadly, three basic processes are
involved: (1) the chemical preparation of the
spinning solution, (2) the transformation of the
spinning solution into solidified filaments, and
(3) the finishing (or textile) operations which
place the product in the form in which it is sold.
1 See Wage Structure : Synthetic Fibers, October 1958, BLS
Report 143 (1959), for further details.
2 For purposes of this study, the South is defined to include :
Alabama, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Ken
tucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia.
3 Since rayon and acetate are dependent on cellulose, a natural
fibrous substance, they sometimes are not considered a true
synthetic fiber.
* The Cotton Situation, July 1958 (Washington, U.!S. Depart
ment of Agriculture, 1958), p. 32. Manmade fibers’ share of con
sumption is increased if comparative yields of fabrics from a
specific weight of fiber ( “covering power” or “utility poundage”)
are taken into account. For example, it has been estimated that
a pound of cotton will average 3% square yards of fabric,
whereas as much as 7 square yards of fabric can be obtained
from a pound of nylon.
6 Ibid.
654
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T able
1.
P ercent
D is t r ib u t io n
of
P r o d u c t io n
W orkers
in
S y n t h e t ic
F ib e r s
M a n u f a c t u r in g
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y A v e r a g e S t r a ig h t - T im e H o u r l y
E a r n in g s 1 a n d I n d u s t r y B r a n c h , U n it e d S t a t e s ,
O ctober 1958
All synthetic fibers
establishments
Average hourly earnings 1
$1.00 and
$1.10 and
$1.20 and
$1.30 and
$1.40 and
$1.50 and
$1.60 and
$1.70 and
$1.80 and
$1.90 and
$2.00 and
$2.10 and
$2.20 and
$2.30 and
$2.40 and
$2.50 and
$2.60 and
$2.70 and
$2.80 and
$2.90 and
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
All
work
ers
Men
All workers in—
Cellulo Noncellu
Wom sic fibers losic fibers
en
establish establish
ments
ments
$1.10____
$1.20____
$1.30_
$1.40___
$1.50 _
$1.60 __ _
$1.70____
$1.80___
$1.90.___
$2.00 __ ..
$2.10._
$2.20____
$2.30.___
under $2.40
under $2.50 ___
under $2.60_ ___
under $2.70_
under $2.80-___
under $2.90 over____ _____
0.1
(2)
.1
.4
1.7
6.5
8.3
19.0
15.9
9.3
10.5
9.5
5.2
3.4
2.6
1.4
1.4
2.5
1.9
.3
(2)
(2)
0.1
.2
.5
3.1
8.6
18.5
13.1
9.3
10.3
11.9
6.5
4.4
3.5
1.9
1.9
3.3
2. 6
.3
0.1
.2
.1
1.0
5.3
16.2
7.2
20.4
24.1
9.3
11.1
2.6
1.6
.4
.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
Total............... ..........
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Number of workers______ 46,471
Average hourly earnings *_ $1.96
34, 585
$2.02
11,886
$1.79
32, 570
$1.89
13, 901
$2.12
(2)
0.1
.1
.1
.6
2.1
6.6
11.2
24.9
14.3
11.1
9.1
7.8
3.8
2.6
1.9
1.0
.2
1.5
9
.2
(2)
(2)
(2)
0.8
6.2
1.4
5.1
19.7
5.1
13.8
13.5
8.6
5.4
4.4
2.4
4.2
4.6
44
.4
1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays,
and late shifts.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
N o t e : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100.
In actual practice, however, the mechanics of
these operations may be quite different, account
ing in large part for variations in the occupational
and wage structures of the individual establish
ments. The preparation of the spinning solution
for the noncellulosics is accomplished largely
through mechanical means, whereas a greater
amount of manual handling is required for the
cellulosics. Chemical department workers in noncellulosic establishments account for only about 8
percent of the total work force, whereas in estab
lishments producing cellulosic fibers, they account
for 13 percent of the workers.
Conversion of the spinning solution into solid
filaments is accomplished by one of two means.
Under the wet-process method, the spinning solu
tion is forced through the tiny holes of a spin
neret into an acid bath which coagulates the fine
streams of solution; the dry-process method uses
warm air instead of acid to solidify the filaments.
When the wet-process method is used, the fila
ments must be washed free from the acid and then
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dried; the dry-process method makes these steps
unnecessary. Rayon (viscose) uses the wetprocess method; acetate and most noncellulosic
fibers use the dry process.
The finishing or textile operations depend upon
the form in which the product is to be sold. Con
tinuous filament yarn is twisted and wound on
bobbins for shipment; tow, on the other hand, is
a ropelike strand of untwisted filaments which
is packaged in the bulk and does not require
winding. Staple (tow cut to specified lengths)
is handled in much the same manner as tow with
the exception of such added operations as crimp
ing and cutting.
In October 1958, there were 35 establishments
primarily engaged in the manufacture of syn
thetic fibers. These establishments employed
almost 46,500 production workers (table 1).
Twenty-five establishments, employing slightly
more than 32,500 production workers, were pri
marily engaged in the production of cellulosic
(rayon or acetate) fibers ; the other 10 were manu
facturers of noncellulosic fibers. Individual es
tablishments generally specialized in one type of
fiber; however, a few establishments produced
both types. Four firms operated more than half
of the plants and employed approximately threefourths of the workers in October 1958. Estab
lishments were located in 15 States east of the
Mississippi, with the largest concentration in Vir
ginia and Tennessee. All of the noncellulosic
fibers establishments were located in the South.
At the time of the study, men accounted for 77
percent of the production workers in the cellulosic
branch and 68 percent in the noncellulosic branch.
Employment of women in both branches was
largely confined to the finishing (or textile) de
partments and to inspection and testing jobs.
Both branches of the industry employ a com
paratively large proportion of workers in main
tenance jobs. Many of these workers are skilled
tradesmen. Workers in the chemical preparation
and spinning departments generally have higher
skills than are required of workers in the finishing
departments.
Because of the continuous nature of synthetic
fiber manufacturing operations, a large propor
tion of the plant workers are employed on shift
EARNINGS IN SYNTHETIC FIBERS MANUFACTURING
work. The great majority of these workers were
employed on rotating shifts, working successively
on the day, evening, and night shifts.
Nine-tenths of the workers in the industry were
hourly rated. In about half of the plants, single
rates were established for a given classification,
whereas in the remainder, rate ranges were em
ployed. Incentive wage systems, found in about
half of the establishments, applied only to work
ers in the finishing departments.
In October 1958, establishments employing
three-fourths of the production workers in the
industry had collective bargaining agreements
covering a majority of their workers. The major
union in the industry was the Textile Workers
Union of America.
Average H ourly Earnings
Production and related workers in synthetic
fibers manufacturing establishments averaged
$1.96 an hour in October 1958, exclusive of pre
mium pay for overtime and for work on holidays,
weekends, and late shifts. Men accounted for
three-fourths of the production-worker employ
ment and averaged $2.02 an hour (table 1). Wo
men production workers, most widely employed
in finishing (or textile) operations, averaged $1.79
an hour. Earnings in the South, which accounted
for 85 percent of the industry’s productionworker employment, averaged $1.99 an hour, 3
cents more than the industry average.
Workers in establishments primarily engaged
in the manufacture of cellulosic fibers averaged
$1.89 an hour, compared with $2.12 for those in
noncellulosic fibers establishments. Wage differ
ences between the two branches of the industry
were considerably more pronounced for men than
for women. Thus, men in noncellulosic fibers
establishments averaged $2.21 an hour—30 cents
more than men in cellulosic fibers establish
ments—whereas the average of $1.86 for women
in noncellulosic fibers establishments was only 12
cents an hour higher than that recorded for wo
men in cellulosic fibers establishments.
6
F o r ease of reading, th e lim its of th e class (earn in g s) in
te rv a ls are desig n ated in th is fash io n in stea d of using th e m ore
precise term inology of “§1.60 an d under $2.40.”
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655
Individual earnings in the industry ranged
from $1 an hour to as much as $3, with earnings
of the middle 80 percent of the workers ranging
between $1.60 and $2.40 an hour.6 Approximately
2 percent of the workers earned less than $1.50
an hour, 59 percent earned between $1.50 and $2,
and 31 percent earned between $2 and $2.50 an
hour.
Contributing to this dispersion of earnings were
such factors as differences in establishment pay
levels and the wide range of skill requirements.
As indicated previously, only about 10 percent
of the workers were employed under incentive
wage systems.
Individual earnings of men in the industry
were more widely dispersed than those of women,
whose employment was generally confined to the
lower paying finishing jobs (e.g., creel tenders,
drawtwist operators, tow operators, winders).
Earnings of nearly 45 percent of the women were
between $1.70 and $1.90 an hour.
Occupational Earnings
Wages for occupational classifications account
ing for approximately three-fifths of the produc
tion and related workers in each branch of the
industry were studied separately (table 2). In
the cellulosic fibers branch, average earnings
ranged from between $2.20 and $2.28 an hour for
men in skilled maintenance jobs such as carpen
ters, electricians, machinists, millwrights, and
pipefitters to $1.53 for watchmen (not shown in
the table). Men employed as laboratory assist
ants averaged $2.14 an hour and guards averaged
$2.05. Men dry-process spinners, the highest paid
processing job studied, averaged $1.98. Men
wet-process spinners, tow operators, and jetmen
averaged $1.91, and chemical operators $1.90.
Averages for men in other processing jobs studied
were closely grouped about the $1.85 level. The
highest paid women’s occupation studied sepa
rately was laboratory assistant, $1.87 ; women yam
winders averaged $1.80, with averages for warper
operator and throwers only slightly less. Women
employed as janitors, jetwomen, and physical test
operators averaged from $1.54 to $1.68 an hour
in establishments producing cellulosic fibers.
656
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T able
2.
N um ber
and
S t r a ig h t - T im e
A verage
H o u r l y E a r n in g s 1 o f W o r k e r s in S e l e c t e d P r o
d u c t io n O c c u p a t io n s in
C e l l u l o s ic a n d N o n c e l l u l o s ic
F ib e r s
M a n u f a c t u r in g E s t a b l is h m e n t s ,
U n it e d S t a t e s , O c to b er 19 5 8
Cellulosic fibers
establishments
Department, occupation, and sex
M
184
425
731
371
981
452
$2. 22
2.26
1.78
2.20
2.28
2.26
71
255
$2.76
2.73
98
2.76
159
2.74
3, 321
844
162
682
1.90
1.71
1.83
1.68
940
218
2. 35
1.90
207
128
1,019
3,008
2,059
563
1, 496
206
561
566
2,163
1.82
1.91
1.98
1. 91
1.79
1.84
1.77
1.91
1.78
1.85
1.80
3,115
2, 203
68
38
1,086
1.96
1.90
2.01
2.09
2. 21
305
205
2.09
1.93
504
394
110
340
49
291
2.08
2.14
1.87
1.74
2. 09
1.68
504
437
2. 22
413
2.00
330
1. 95
188
768
200
227
2.05
1.66
1.91
1.77
104
266
91
68
2.35
1.65
2. 21
1.88
r o c e s s in g
Chemical operators, m e n __ _ .
Creel tenders ___ ___ _____
M en.
________________
_____ ______
Women . .
Drawtwist operators_________
W o m en_________ . _____
Jetmen _ ____ _______ _____
M en. _ _________________
Spinners, dry-process, men_____
Spinners, wet-process, m en. __
Throwers (twisters). _________
M en_______________ _ __
W o m en _______________ _
Tow operators, m en___________
Warper operators, women____ .
Washer operators, men
Winders, yarn, women. _______
I
Number Average Number Average
of
of
hourly
hourly
workers earnings1 workers earnings1
a in t e n a n c e
Carpenters, men______________
Electricians, m en_____________
Helpers, trades, m e n _________
Machinists, men_____________
Millwrights, m e n __
Pipefitters, m en______________
P
Noncellulosic fibers
establishments
n s p e c t io n
a n d
T
e s t in g
Laboratory assistants _________
Men____________ ______
Women _________________
Physical test operators_________
M en.
__
_________
Women .............. . ......... . .
O
2. 24
th er
Guards, m en_________________
Janitors, m en. ______________
Stock clerks, men ______ ____
Truckers, power, forklift, m e n ...
1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays,
and late shifts.
N ote: Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publi
cation criteria.
In establishments manufacturing noncellulosic
fibers, averages for workers in the skilled main
tenance jobs studied (carpenters, electricians,
machinists, and pipefitters) were near the $2.75
an hour level. Men employed as guards and chem
ical operators averaged $2.35 an hour and dryprocess spinners averaged $2.21. Operators of
forklift trucks averaged $1.88 an hour, compared
with janitors who averaged $1.65. Almost half of
the women production workers in the noncellu
losic branch of the industry were employed as
drawtwist operators and averaged $1.90 an hour.
Other numerically important women’s jobs
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studied and their averages were: warper opera
tors, $1.93, and physical test operators, $1.95.
Although average hourly earnings for men
janitors were virtually the same in both branches
of the industry ($1.66 compared with $1.65), some
workers in the higher skilled jobs earned as much
as 56 cents an hour more in noncellulosic fibers
establishments than their counterparts in the
other branch. Thus, electricians averaged 36 per
cent more than janitors in the cellulosic fibers
branch, but 65 percent more in the noncellulosic
fibers branch. Earnings of chemical operators
were 14 percent above those of janitors in the cel
lulosic fibers branch and 42 percent higher in the
other branch.
Earnings of individual workers varied greatly
within the same job in both branches. In many
instances, hourly earnings of the highest paid
workers exceeded those of the lowest paid in the
same job by $1 or more. Thus, some workers in
a comparatively low-paid job (as measured by the
average for all workers) earned more than some
workers in jobs for which higher averages were
recorded.
The earnings dispersion for individual jobs re
flects, in large measure, differences in establish
ment pay levels. For example, in the noncellu
losic branch, plant averages for men chemical
operators ranged from $1.70 to $2.40 an hour, and
for women yarn winders, from $1.50 to $2.30 an
hour.
Selected Establishm ent Practices
Data were also obtained on minimum wage rates
(not mentioned in this summary) ; work schedules;
and selected supplementary benefits, including
paid holidays, paid vacations, retirement plans,
life insurance, sickness and accident insurance,
and hospitalization and surgical benefits.
Scheduled Weekly Hours and S h ift Practices.
Virtually all day-shift workers in the industry
(both plant and office) were scheduled to work
40 hours a week in October 1958. Nearly threefifths of the production workers were assigned to
rotating shifts under arrangements whereby in
dividuals periodically worked day, evening, and
657
EARNINGS IN SYNTHETIC FIBERS MANUFACTURING
night schedules. Shift differentials for these
workers varied considerably by individual estab
lishment and according to their schedule of work.
Workers assigned to the day schedule of rotating
shifts most frequently were provided a paid lunch
period (usually 30 minutes) not given to workers
assigned to the fixed day shift. When assigned to
evening and night schedules, these workers on
rotating shifts also usually received a cents-perhour or percentage differential above the day rate.
Workers assigned to oscillating and fixed extra
shifts together accounted for only 5 percent of
the total employment.7
Paid Holidays. Paid holidays were provided all
of the plant and office workers in the industry
(table 3). Approximately half of the plant
workers received 6 days annually, with the re
mainder receiving either 7 or 8 days. All except
one establishment had identical holiday provi
sions for plant and office workers.8 Four holi
days (Christmas, July 4, Labor Day, and Thanks
giving) were provided by each of the 31 estab
lishments studied; New Year’s Day was provided
by 27 ; Memorial Day by 26 ; Good Friday by 14 ;
Washington’s Birthday by 6; and Easter Monday
by 5.
Paid Vacations. Paid vacations for qualified
workers were provided by all establishments. Va
cation payments for office workers were virtually
always determined on the basis of the employee’s
regular salary for a specified length of time (i.e.,
1 week, 2 weeks, etc.). This method was also the
most common for production workers, although in
many instances, vacation payments for these
workers were based on a stipulated percentage of
the employees’ annual earnings.
7 W orkers assigned to ro ta tin g s h ifts successively w orked on
th e day, evening, an d n ig h t schedules and, in m ost estab lish
m ents, changed sh ifts every week. T hose on oscillating sh ifts
w ere of tw o groups : th o se a lte rn a tin g between day and evening
schedules, an d those a lte rn a tin g betw een evening an d n ig h t
schedules. W orkers on fixed sh ifts reg u larly w orked e ith e r evein g o r n ig h t schedules.
8 T he slig h t ad v an tag e in d icated fo r office w orkers in tab le 3
reflects differences in th e relativ e em ploym ent of p la n t an d office
w ork ers in th e in d iv id u al establishm ents, ra th e r th a n any d if
ference in p ractice fo r p la n t and office w orkers w ith in estabishm ents.
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Production workers with less than a year’s
service usually were not provided paid vacations ;
however, all those with a year’s service received
vacation payments equaling at least 1 week’s reg
ular pay and frequently more. Two-fifths of the
production workers in the industry received 2
weeks’ vacation pay after 2 years of service.
T a b l e 3. P e r c e n t o f P r o d u c t io n a n d O f f ic e W o r k e r s
E m plo y ed in
S y n t h e t ic F ib e r s
M a n u f a c t u r in g
E s t a b l ish m e n t s
w it h
F orm al
P r o v is io n s
for
S e l e c t e d S u p p l e m e n t a r y B e n e f i t s ,1 U n i t e d S t a t e s
a n d S o u t h ,2 O c t o b e r 1 9 5 8
Selected benefits
Production
workers
Office
workers
United South2 United South 2
States
States
Paid vacations:3 4
After 1 year of s e rv ic e ..__________
1 week___________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s ..___
2 weeks_____________________
After 5 years of service____ _______
2 weeks. __________
_____
Over 2 and under 3 weeks___ _
After 15 years of service. . . . ______
2 and under 3 weeks ______ _
3 w e e k s_____ _______ . _ ..
After 25 years of service. _________
2 and under 3 weeks ________
3 weeks_______ _ ______ .
4 weeks_____________________
100
36
38
26
100
62
38
100
7
93
100
7
55
37
100
35
34
31
100
66
34
100
6
93
100
6
49
44
100
5
1
94
100
99
1
100
3
97
100
3
46
52
100
5
1
94
100
99
1
100
3
97
100
3
40
57
Paid holidays:4 5
6 days _____________________ . . .
7 days _________ ___________ . . .
8 days________ ___________
___
100
52
22
25
100
51
19
30
100
46
21
33
100
41
22
37
100
100
100
66
60
59
92
78
100
55
100
58
88
90
6
99
99
33
26
98
6
99
99
36
29
99
51
38
Health insurance, severance, and pension
plans:8
Life insurance
__
__ 100
Accidental death and dismember66
ment insurance.. ______________
Sickness and accident insurance or
sick leave L _ ________________ .
93
Sickness and accident insurance. _
81
Sick leave (full pay, no waiting
period)
________________
Sick leave (partial pay or waiting
37
period)..... ................ . .
99
Hospitalization insurance________
99
Surgical insurance__ _______ ___
Medical insurance
30
20
Catastrophe insurance___________
89
Retirement pension plan____ ____
7
Retirement severance pay
65
Technological severance pay_______
44
99
99
34
24
96
2
62
1 If formal provisions for supplementary benefits in an establishment were
applicable to half or more of the workers, the benefits were considered appli
cable to all workers. Because of length-of-service and other eligibility re
quirements, the proportion of workers currently receiving the benefits may
be smaller than estimated.
2 See text footnote 2 for States making up the South as defined for the
purposes of this study.
2
Vacation payments such as percentage of annual earnings and flat-sum
amounts were converted to an equivalent time basis. Periods of service
were arbitrarily chosen and do not necessarily reflect the individual pro
visions for progressions. For example, the changes indicated at 15 years
may include changes in provisions occurring between 10 and 15 years.
4 Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
6 Tabulations limited to full-day holidays.
6 Includes only those plans for which at least a part of the cost was borne by
the employer, and excludes legally required plans such as workmen’s com
pensation and social security.
7 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident
insurance shown separately.
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
658
More than nine-tenths of the production workers
were employed in establishments providing 3
weeks’ vacation pay after 15 years of service.
Vacation provisions for office workers were
more liberal than those for plant workers. Al
most 95 percent of the office workers qualified for
2 weeks’ vacation pay after 1 year of service and
more than half were entitled to 3 weeks’ after 10
years of service. Establishments employing over
a third of the production workers and slightly
over a half of the office workers had provisions
for a 4-week vacation after 25 years of service.
Health and Insurance Plans. Life, hospitaliza
tion, and surgical insurance for which employers
paid at least part of the cost were available to
virtually all of the production and office workers
in the industry. Sickness and accident insurance
was also applicable to four-fifths of the produc
tion workers and to somewhat more than half
of the office workers. Medical insurance and
catastrophe (extended medical) insurance plans
were also reported for a fair proportion of
workers. Hospitalization, surgical, and catastro
phe insurance plans were usually jointly financed,
whereas medical insurance plans were usually fi
nanced entirely by the employer. Employerfinanced hospitalization, surgical, and catastrophe
insurance plans frequently extended benefits to
the employees’ dependents; however, employerfinanced medical insurance plans rarely provided
benefits to dependents.
Pension and Severance Plans. Ketirement pen
sion benefits (other than those available under
Federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability In
surance) applied to virtually all of the office
workers and to nine-tenths of the production
workers. In addition, 7 percent of the production
workers were employed by establishments provid
ing lump-sum payments, rather than a pension, at
retirement.
Provisions for severance pay for workers re
leased because of technological changes were re
ported by plants employing nearly two-thirds of
the production workers and half of the office
workers.
— L. E
arl
L
e w is
D iv is io n o f W a g e s a n d I n d u s tr ia l R e la t io n s
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Union Wage Scales in the
Printing industry, July 1, 1958
n io n
pa y
scales
of printing-trades workers
in cities of 100,000 or more population advanced
an average of 9.8 cents an hour, or 3.4 percent,
between July 1, 1957, and July 1, 1958, according
to the 52d annual survey of union scales in the
printing industry by the U.S. Department of
Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics.1
Negotiated scale increases became effective dur
ing the 12-month period for 90 percent of the
workers included in the study. The advance in
hourly rates ranged from 8 to 12 cents for nearly
half of the printing tradesmen; from 6 to 8 cents
for a tenth, and for an eighth each from 12 to 14
cents and 14 cents and over.2
Union hourly wage rates on July 1, 1958, aver
aged $3.01 for all of the printing trades studied.3
Almost half of the workers included in the study
had union scales ranging from $3 to $3.50 an hour,
U
1
U nion scales are defined as th e m inim um w age scales or
m axim um schedules of h o u rs agreed upon th ro u g h collective
b arg ain in g betw een tra d e unions an d em ployers. R a te s in excess
of th e n eg o tiated m inim um fo r p a rtic u la r classifications— paid
fo r special qualifications or o th e r reasons—-are n o t included.
T he in fo rm atio n presen ted in th is artic le is based on union
scales in effect on Ju ly 1, 1958, an d covering approxim ately
115.000 p rin tin g -tra d e s w orkers in 53 cities w ith populatio n s of
100.000 o r m ore. D a ta w ere o btained fro m local union officials
p rim a rily by m ail questionnaire, b u t in some in stan ces, by p er
sonal v isit of BLS rep resen tativ es.
T he c u rre n t survey w as designed to reflect union w age scales
in th e p rin tin g in d u stry in all cities of 100,000 or m ore po p u la
tion. All cities w ith 500,000 or m ore p o p ulation w ere included,
as w ere m ost cities in th e 25O,00CM5i)0,00O population group.
The cities in th e 100,000-250,000 group selected fo r stu d y were
d istrib u te d widely th ro u g h o u t th e U n ited S tates. D a ta fo r some
of th e cities included in th e stu d y in th e tw o sm aller size groups
w ere w eighted to com pensate fo r cities w hich were n o t surveyed.
In order to provide a p p ro p ria te rep re sen tatio n in th e com bination
of data, each geographic region an d population group w as con
sidered se p a ra te ly w hen city w eights w ere assigned.
M im eographed listin g s of union scales a re available fo r each
city included in th e study. F o rth co m in g BLS Bull. 1247 w ill
co n tain m ore d etailed in form ation.
? F o r ease of reading, in th is an d subsequent discussions of
ta b u latio n s, th e lim its of th e class in te rv a ls such as 8 an d u n d er
12 cents or 3 an d u n d er 5 percent a re expressed as 8 to 12 cents
or 3 to 5 percent.
3
A verage hourly scales, designed to show c u rre n t levels, are
based on all scales rep o rted in effect on Ju ly 1, 1958. In d iv id u a l
scales w ere w eighted by th e num ber of union m em bers h av in g
each ra te . T hese averages are n ot designed fo r precise year-toyear com parisons because of fluctuations in m em bership an d in
job classifications studied. A verage cents-per-hour an d percen
changes from Ju ly 1, 1957, to Ju ly 1, 1958, a re based on com
p arab le q u o tatio n s fo r th e v ario u s occupational classifications i
both periods w eighted by th e m em bership rep o rted fo r th e cu rren
survey. T he index series, designed fo r tre n d purposes, is sim
ilarly co nstructed.
659
UNION WAGE SCALES IN PRINTING
and approximately a sixth had rates of $3.50 or
more.
The straight-time workweek for printing
tradesmen declined slightly during the year and
averaged 36.8 hours on July 1, 1958. Negotiated
health and insurance programs were in eifect for
two-thirds of the printing-trades workers. Pro
visions for pension plans were contained in con
tracts covering a third of the workers in the study.
Scale Changes and Trend, 1957-58
Many contracts in eifect on July 1, 1958, were
negotiated for 2 years—a few for longer pe
riods. Contracts of more than a year’s duration
frequently provided for wage reopenings or con
tained provisions for periodic increases. Even
though individual contracts provided for in
creases at various specified dates, only those scales
that actually became effective between July 1,
1957, and July 1, 1958, were included in the cur
rent study. Thus, the scale revisions presented
herein do not reflect the total wage scale changes
negotiated in individual contracts during the sur
vey year.
Higher pay scales, effective between July 1,1957,
and July 1, 1958, as provided in labor-manage
ment contracts, resulted in a rise of 3.4 percent in
the average hourly scale of union printing-trades
workers. This advance, which approximated the
3.6-percent increase in the year ending July 1,
1957, and exceeded the gain registered in each of
the 3 preceding 12-month periods, raised the
Bureau’s index of union hourly scales for these
workers to 43.6 percent above the January
1948-July 1949 level (table 1). Reflected in
the advance were gains of 3.4 percent in book
and job shops and of 3.2 percent in news
paper establishments. The index levels for these
industry branches rose to 144.7 and 140.8, re
spectively. In terms of cents per hour, scales ad
vanced an average of 9.8 cents for all printing
trades combined, 9.5 cents in commercial (book
and job) shops, and 10.4 cents in newspaper estab
lishments (table 2).
Average scale increases were substantially uni
form among the various trades in both commer
cial and newspaper printing. They varied from
9.0 to 12.4 cents an hour for 10 of the 12 book
4 F o r definition of regions, see fo o tn o te 1, table 3.
506747— 59------ 3
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
and job trades studied; for the other 2 trades,
bindery women and stereotypers, the gains were
5.6 and 13.4 cents, respectively. Among the 8
newspaper trades surveyed, the rise in average
hourly scales ranged from 9.6 to 11.7 cents.
On a regional basis,4 the variation in average
hourly scale advances was narrower for news
paper work than for commercial work. For news
papers, the greatest gain (12.3 cents an hour or
3.8 percent) was in the Pacific region and the low
est (7.3 cents or 2.4 percent) was in the South
west. In book: and job shops, the rise varied from
7.6 to 9.8 cents in all regions except the Mountain
and Pacific regions. Average scales rose 3.5 and
16.2 cents, respectively, in these regions. Percent
agewise, regional increases varied from 1.3 to 5.7
percent.
Hourly pay scales were increased during the
year ending July 1, 1958, for 88 percent of the
union workers in book and job shops and 93 per
cent of those engaged in newspaper printing. At
least 3 of every 4 workers in each of the trades
in both types of printing were affected by rate
increases; in 14 of the trade classifications, more
than 9 of every 10 workers had their scales ad
justed upward.
Raises ranged from 6 to 14 cents an hour for
seven-tenths of the printing tradesmen. In book
and job shops, 14 percent of the workers had
hourly scale advances of 6 to 8 cents; 21 percent,
8 to 10 cents; 22 percent, 10 to 12 cents; and 13
percent, 12 to 14 cents. For newspaper workers,
the comparable percentages were 6, 16, 44, and 12,
respectively. Increases of 14 or more cents an
hour affected an eighth of the printing-trades
workers in commercial shops and a tenth of those
in newspaper establishments. The increases
represented gains of 3 to 5 percent for 7 of every
10 workers in newspaper establishments and for
6 of every 10 in commercial shops. Advances of
5 percent or more affected a tenth of those on
newspaper work and a fifth of those in book and
job shops.
Rate Variations by Type of Work
Commercial print shops produce many different
items in varying quantities; newspaper establish
ments, on the other hand, are geared to mass pro
duction of a single, recurring item at regular in
tervals. For this reason, the composition of the
660
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T a b l e 1.
H ours
I n d e x e s o f U n io n W a g e S c a l e s a n d W e e k l y
t h e P r in t in g T r a d e s , S e l e c t e d Y e a r s ,
in
1907-58
[January 2, 1948-July 1, 1949=100]
Index of wage scales
Date
1907:
1911:
1916:
1918:
1919:
1920:
1921:
1922:
1926:
1931:
1932:
1933:
1936:
1941:
1942:
1943:
1944:
1945:
1946:
1948:
1949:
1950:
1951:
1952:
1953:
1954:
1955:
1956:
1957:
1958:
May 15________
M ay 15________
May 15_____
May 15________
May 15________
May 1 5 ......... —
M ay 15________
May 15________
May 15________
May 15........... .
May 15......... ......
May 15-----------M ay 15................
June 1 ________
July 1-------------July 1_________
July 1. -------July 1-------------July 1-------------Jan. 2_________
July 1_________
July 1-------------July 1_________
July 1-------------July 1-------------July 1_________
July 1................ .
July 1_________
July 1_________
July 1_________
All
print
ing
0)
19.9
21.4
24.0
29.4
37.7
41.3
41.8
46.8
50.8
50.5
47.5
51.5
56.8
59.3
61.1
62.6
63.5
74.3
94.3
105.7
107.9
112.4
118.8
123.5
127.1
130.7
134.1
138.9
143.6
Book
and
job
15.0
19.3
20.8
23.9
29.4
38.4
42.2
42.4
47.4
51.1
50.6
47.8
51.6
56.6
59.1
60.7
62.3
63.1
74.2
94.3
105.7
108.2
112.1
119.3
124.0
127.6
131.4
134.9
139.9
144.7
Index of weekly hours
News
paper
All
print
ing
19.4
22.4
23.7
25.5
30.8
37.6
40.9
41.3
46.1
50.1
50.0
46.8
51.0
56.9
59.4
61.9
63.3
64.1
74.5
94.3
105.7
107.4
112.7
117.6
122.3
125.9
128.9
132.1
136.4
140.8
0)
133.2
132.9
132.9
132.9
129.0
121.2
120.8
119.6
119.2
115.2
114.3
106.2
104.6
104.3
104.6
104.6
104.6
102.0
100.1
99.9
99.8
99.7
99.5
99.5
99.4
99.2
99.1
98.8
98.5
Book
and
job
144.8
136.5
136.4
136.4
136.3
131.2
120.7
119.2
118.4
118.2
113.6
112.5
107.0
105.8
105.8
106.1
106.1
106.1
102.4
100.1
99.9
99.8
99.5
99.2
99.2
99.1
98.9
98.7
98.3
98.0
News
paper
123.5
122.3
121. 5
121.5
121.7
121.6
121.3
123.6
121.6
120.6
117.5
116.9
104.5
101.8
101.7
101.7
101.7
101.7
101.3
100.3
99.7
99.5
99.4
99.3
99.3
99.2
99.1
99.0
98.8
98.6
1 Combined data for year 1907 not available.
labor force differs materially in the two types of
printing establishments. A substantial proportion
of the labor force in commercial shops is com
prised of bindery women, mailers, and press as
sistants and feeders who typically perform rou
tine and less skilled tasks; in newspaper printing,
however, journeymen are required in larger pro
portions to meet daily demands. These different
work-force requirements are reflected in the aver
age rates.
Union hourly scales on July 1, 1958, averaged
$2.85 in book and job shops and $3.30 in news
paper establishments.
Newspaper nightwork
scales averaged $3.41, compared with $3.19 for
daywork. Because relatively few workers are
normally employed on night-shift work in book
and job shops, information for such workers was
excluded from the survey.
Individual scales varied widely in labor-man
agement contracts covering printing-trades work
ers. Negotiated hourly rates for book and job
shop work ranged from $1.29 for bindery women
in New Orleans to $4.37 for certain color presswork in St. Louis. Contract provisions specify
ing hourly rates of $3 to $3.50 were applicable to
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
slightly more than two-fifths of the printing
tradesmen in book and job shops. Scales of $3.50
or more were reported for a tenth of these work
ers and of $2.50 to $3 for a fourth. Negotiated
rates of less than $2.50 an hour were indicated
for less than a fourth of the commercial workers.
This number included all of the bindery women,
a third of the press assistants and feeders, and
a slightly larger proportion of mailers. Among
bindery women, 46 percent had contract scales
varying from $1.50 to $1.70, and 42 percent had
rates of $1.70 to $2 an hour. Scales varied from
$3.50 to $3.80 for two-fifths of the electrotypers, a
third of the stereotypers, and a fifth of the pho
toengravers. Two-fifths of the workers in the
last-named trade had scales of $3.80 or more an
hour and none had rates of less than $2.80.
In newspaper establishments, hourly rates
varied from $2.05 for day-shift mailers in New
Orleans to $4.651/2 for night-shift stereotypers
on German and Polish language newspapers in
Chicago. Hourly rates of $3 to $3.50 were ne
gotiated for 66 percent of the day-shift workers
and for 54 percent of those on the night shift.
Scales of less than $3 were applicable to 22 per
cent of the dayworkers and 8 percent of the nightworkers, and of $3.50 or more to 12 and 38 per
cent of the workers on day- and night-shift
work, respectively. Some workers in all but one
of the newspaper printing crafts had scales of at
least $3.50 an hour. More than 80 percent of the
photoengravers and pressmen-in-charge on the
night shift had such scales, as did 48 and 37 per
cent of the workers in these crafts, respectively,
on the day shift. None of the workers in these
two trades had contract scales of less than $2.90
an hour.
Among the 12 book and job shop trades studied,
average hourly scales, except for bindery women
($1.70), varied from $2.56 for press assistants and
feeders to $3.70 for photoengravers. Six other
trades also had scales averaging in excess of $3
an hour. In newspaper establishments, the high
est average ($3.63) was recorded by photoengrav
ers and pressmen-in-charge and the lowest
($2.99) by mailers. The averages for the other
newspaper trades closely approximated each other
and ranged from $3.30 to $3.35 an hour.
No consistent pattern of rate differentials was
evident among the important trades common to
both types of printing. Daywork scales for hand
UNION WAGE SCALES IN PRINTING
compositors averaged 6 cents an hour higher in
newspaper establishments than in commercial
shops. Photoengravers and stereotypers on book
and job work, however, averaged 17 and 28 cents
an hour, respectively, higher than similar trades
men on daywork in newspapers.
Hourly scales for nightwork on newspapers
were on an average 22 cents, or 7 percent, above
those for daywork. Among individual trades,
the differential favoring night-shift workers
varied from 16 cents for machine tenders to 31
cents for journeymen pressmen. In percentage
terms, the differentials varied from 5 to 10 percent.
City and Regional Variations
Hourly pay scales were increased between July
1, 1957, and July 1,1958, for some printing-trades
workers in each of the 53 cities studied. In Char
lotte, N.C., Salt Lake City, and Spokane, how
ever, scale revisions were reported only for news
paper work. Some trades in book and job shop
work in these cities were negotiating new scales
at the time of survey. The increase in average
hourly scales for book and job printing varied
from 9 to 11 cents in 16 cities and from 7 to 9
cents in 14 cities. The advance ranged from 2 to
7 cents in 9 cities and from 11 to 19 cents in a
similar number of cities. Average hourly scale
increases in newspaper establishments varied
from 9 to 11 cents in 17 cities, from 11 to 13 cents
in 18 others, and from 3 to 9 cents in 14 cities.
The increases represented gains of 2 to 5 percent
for book and job printing in 7 of every 10 cities
and a similar percentage for newspaper printing
in 9 of every 10 cities.5
On a regional basis, union hourly scales of all
trades combined averaged highest ($3.17) on the
Pacific Coast and lowest ($2.81) in the Southwest
6 The city an d regional averages presented in th is a rtic le w ere
designed to show c u rre n t levels of r a te s ; they do n o t m easure
differences in union scales am ong areas. Scales fo r individual
c ra fts , of course, varied from city to city. T he city an d regional
averages, however, w ere influenced n o t only by differences in ra te s
am ong cities an d regions b u t also by differences in th e proportion
of organized w orkers in th e v ario u s c ra fts . T hus, a p a rtic u la r
c r a f t o r classification m ay n o t be organized in some a re a s or m ay
be organized less in ten siv ely in some a re a s th a n in o th ers ; and,
also, c e rta in ty p es of w ork w ere found in some a re a s b u t n o t in
o th ers, or to a g re a te r e x te n t in some a re a s th a n in others. T hese
differences w ere reflected in th e w eighting of in d iv id u al r a te s by
th e num ber of union m em bers a t each ra te . Hence, even though
ra te s fo r all in d iv id u al c ra fts in tw o a re a s m ay be identical, th e
averages fo r all c ra fts com bined in each are a m ay differ.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
661
(table 3). The Middle Atlantic and Great Lakes
regions also had scales averaging in excess of $3
an hour. Average scales in book and job shops
varied from $3.03 an hour on the Pacific Coast to
$2.46 in the Southwest. In newspaper work, the
lowest ($2.98) and highest ($3.39) averages were
in the Southeast and Middle Atlantic regions, re
spectively.
Standard Workweek
The straight-time workweek for printing-trades
workers in cities of 100,000 or more population
decreased slightly over the year ending July 1,
1958. The movement toward a shorter workweek
was evidenced by the increase in the number of
workers for whom a 3614-hour weekly schedule
was negotiated—from 27.5 percent on July 1,
1957, to 33.9 percent on July 1, 1958. Standard
weekly schedules averaged 36.8 hours on July 1,
T able
2. A v e r a g e U n io n H o u r l y W a g e R a t e s in
t h e P r in t in g T r a d e s , J u l y 1 , 1 9 5 8 , a n d I n c r e a s e in
R a t e s, J u ly 1 , 1957, to J u ly 1 , 1958
Trade
Average
rate
per hour,
July 1,1958
Amount of increase,
July 1, 1957, to
July 1,1958
Percent
Cents
per hour
All printing trades__ ___ __________
$3.01
3.4
9.8
Book and job____________________
Bindery women_______________
Bookbinders____ _______ _____
Compositors, hand____________
Electrotypers_________________
Machine operators____ _______
Machine tenders (machinists)___
Mailers___ __________________
Photoengravers_______________
Press assistants and feeders____
Pressmen, cylinder_________ _
Pressmen, platen______________
Stereotypers__________ ______
Newspaper_________
_________
Daywork___________ . . . . ___
Nightwork . . . . . . . .
___
Compositors, hand____________
Daywork_________________
Nightwork______
Machine operators___ ________
Daywork_______________ _
Nightwork _____ ________
Machine tenders (machinists)___
Daywork . . . . . . ___ . . .
Nightwork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mailers__ ___________________
Dayw ork... . ___ . . . . . . . .
Nightwork____ _ _______
Photoengravers_______________
Daywork_______________ _
Nightwork. _ _________ . ..
Pressmen (journeymen). . . . . . . .
Daywork______ _________
Nightwork.. ____ . . . . . .
Pressmen-in-charge____ _______
Daywork_____ _ _______
Nightwork. _ _______ _____
Stereotypers__________ ____ ___
Daywork................................
Nightwork.. _____________
$2.85
1.70
2. 93
3.17
3.42
3.16
3.17
2. 57
3. 70
2.56
3.15
2.83
3.45
3.30
3.19
3. 41
3.32
3.23
3.42
3.35
3.24
3.43
3.33
3.26
3.42
2.99
2.85
3.10
3. 63
3. 53
3. 74
3.33
3.19
3.50
3. 63
3. 50
3.80
3.30
3.17
3.46
3.4
3.4
3.6
3.0
3.6
2.9
3.0
3.9
3.5
3.7
3.7
4.0
4.1
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.1
3.1
3.0
3.0
2.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.0
3.1
2.9
3.2
3.4
3.0
9.5
5.6
10.3
9.1
12.0
9.0
9.3
9.8
12.4
9.2
11.1
10.9
13.4
10.4
10.1
10.6
10.0
9.7
10.3
10.0
9.8
10.2
9.6
9.5
9.7
11.2
10.6
11.7
11.7
11.3
12.2
10.4
10.1
10.7
10.7
10.6
10.9
10.3
10.5
10.0
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
662
T a b l e 3.
A v e r a g e U n io n H o u r l y W a g e R a t e s in t h e
P r i n t i n g T r a d e s , b y R e g i o n ,1 J u l y 1, 1 9 5 8
All print
ing
Book and
job
United States _ _ ________________
$3.01
$2.85
$3.30
New England_________ _________
Middle Atlantic__________________
Border States
____ __________
S outheast_______________________
Great Lakes
_________________
Middle West____________________
S o u thw est_____________ ______ M ountain______________ _________
Pacific
- - __________________
$2.93
3.07
2.83
2.85
3.04
2.84
2.81
3.00
3.17
$2.74
2. 90
2. 57
2. 63
2. 90
2.61
2.46
2. 71
3. 03
$3.21
3.39
3.24
2.98
3.35
3.29
3.06
3.19
3.37
Region
News
paper
1 The regions referred to in this study include: N ew E ngland —Connecticut,
Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont;
M iddle A tlan tic—N e w Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; Border States—
Delaware, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland, Virginia, and West
Virginia; Southeast—Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Caro
lina, South Carolina, and Tennessee; Great Lakes —Illinois, Indiana, Michi
gan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin; M iddle W est —Iowa, Kansas, Mis
souri, Nebraska, N orth Dakota, and South Dakota; Southwest—Arkansas,
Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; M ountain— Arizona, Colorado, Idaho,
Montana, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; Pacific— California, Nevada,
Oregon, and Washington.
1958, compared with 36.9 hours on July 1, 1957.
Negotiated workweeks for day-shift workers
averaged 36.9 hours in commercial shops and 37
hours in newspaper plants. Night-shift workers
on newspapers had an average weekly schedule
of 36.1 hours.
A standard workweek of 37% hours was prev
alent, although less widespread than a year
earlier. This schedule was specified in labor-man
agement contracts applicable to nearly half of the
printing-trades workers in both types of printing
establishments. Straight-time workweeks of 36%
hours prevailed for nearly three-eighths of the
book and job shop workers and for three-tenths
of those in newspaper establishments, and of 35
hours for approximately an eighth of the workers
in each type of shop. Weekly schedules of fewer
than 35 hours were virtually nonexistent in book
and job shops but in effect for about 6 percent of
the newspaper workers. Contractual workweeks
of more than 37% hours prevailed for 5 percent
of the printing tradesmen on commercial work
and for practically none of those on newspaper
work.
Labor-management contracts covering workers
in newspaper plants usually specified shorter
6 The prevalence of n eg o tiated h ealth , insurance, an d pension
p ro g ram s in th e p rin tin g in d u stry w as first stu d ied by th e B u
reau as of Ju ly 1, 1954. In fo rm atio n fo r these p la n s w as re
stric te d to th o se financed en tirely or in p a r t by th e em ployer.
P la n s financed by w orkers th ro u g h union dues or assessm ents
w ere excluded. No a tte m p t w as m ade to secure in fo rm atio n on
th e kind an d e x ten t of benefits provided or on th e cost of p lan s
pro v id in g such benefits.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
weekly work schedules for nightwork than for
daywork. Schedules of 35 hours or less were ap
plicable to 30 percent of the night-shift workers
and 9 percent of the day-shift workers; of 36%
hours, for 36 and 24 percent of the night- and
day-shift workers, respectively. Weekly work
schedules of 37% hours were stipulated for 33
percent of the nightworkers and for 64 percent
of the dayworkers.
Insurance and Pension P lans
Negotiated health, insurance, and pension pro
grams in the printing industry have increased in
recent years, although less rapidly than in some
other industries.6 The rate of development has
undoubtedly been influenced by programs oper
ated by a number of printing-trades unions for
many years, which provide members with one
or more types of benefits (old-age, death, sickness,
and disability).
A substantially greater proportion of the or
ganized printing-trades workers were included in
negotiated health and insurance plans than in
pension programs. On July 1,1958, labor-manage
ment contracts providing for health and insurance
plans affected two-thirds of the union printingtrades workers, while those containing pension
provisions were applicable to a third. The pro
portion of workers covered by each of these plans
increased slightly during the year. Health and
insurance programs were more prevalent for
workers in commercial shops than in newspape
plants—75 and 55 percent, respectively. Pensio
plan provisions, however, were in effect for 3
percent of the book and job shop workers and 4
percent of those on newspapers.
The vast majority of the workers (92 percent)
provided health and insurance protection wer
covered by programs financed entirely by employ
ers. Such plans were applicable to 94 and 8
percent of the protected workers in commercia
and newspaper plants, respectively. Employer
financed pension plans prevailed for approxi
mately 85 percent of the printing-trades worke
covered by negotiated agreements providing fo
such plans in both book and job shops and news
paper establishments.
—J ohn F. L aciske
Division of Wages and Industrial Relation
EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN COLLEGE GRADUATES
Employment of June 1957
Women College Graduates
C o l l e g e w o m e n who graduated in June 1957 and
entered the labor market in the latter half of
1957 found job opportunities fully as favorable
as those open to their counterparts in 1955 and
1956, according to a survey made by the Women’s
Bureau of the U.S. Department of Labor in co
operation with the National Vocational Guidance.
Association.1 Annual starting salaries in 1957
averaged $3,739—as compared with $3,446 for
June 1956 women graduates and $3,141 for June
1955 women graduates.
Full-time employment continued to be the pre
dominant activity of college women about 6
months after graduation. The percentage of em
ployed graduates able to obtain first jobs related
to their college major increased from 84 percent
in the 1955 class to 86 percent in the 1957 class,
and the percentage in professional positions rose
from 80 to 83 percent. Teaching, still the fore
most profession of college-educated women, was
reported by three-fifths of the employed women
graduates in 1957 as in the 2 previous years.
Nurses were the second largest occupational group
among the 1957 graduates—exceeding secretaries
and stenographers, who had ranked second among
he 1955 and 1956 graduates. The higher number
f nurses with a baccalaureate degree stems from
he intensified efforts to prepare more nurses for
ositions of leadership.
urvey Coverage
The mail questionnaire survey of women colege graduates from the 1957 class resembled the
955 and 1956 surveys in that it covered only
rnmen who received baccalaureate degrees durg the month of June from women’s or coeduational colleges and universities. A sample
roup of graduates was questioned in each year
onoerning the following: age, marital status, e d
ge major, plans for further study, employment
atus, relationship of occupation to education,
rimary job-locating source, earnings, and the
alue of a college education. While the three
rveys are expected to interest those concerned
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
663
with the development and utilization of the Na
tion’s trained womanpower, their primary pur
pose has been to help women students decide how
best to use their capabilities.
The 5,978 women graduates who participated in
the 1957 survey represented about 88,000 grad
uates throughout the country.2 (As the rate of
survey response was 73 percent, this evaluation
assumed that nonrespondents to the questionnaire
were engaged in activities similar to those of
respondents.) The number for June 1957 was
slightly higher than the 87,000 women graduates
in June 1956 and the 81,000 in June 1955.
Description of Graduates
The typical woman graduate in 1957, as in 1955
and 1956, was 22 years old. However, in the 1957
and 1956 classes, 14 percent of the graduates were
25 years of age or older, compared with 12 percent
in the 1955 class. The trend toward earlier mar
riage is reflected in the three surveys. Percent
ages of graduates that were married 6 months
after graduation rose from 34 percent in 1955 to
37 percent in 1956 and 38 percent in 1957. Work
ing wives increased from 69 percent of the mar
ried graduates of the 1956 class to 73 percent of
the 1957 class. Among the manned women with
young children, however, the percentage of work
ing wives was the same (36 percent) for both
classes.
The extent to which the recent women gradu
ates were engaged primarily in employment or
school activities was quite similar in all three sur
veys. The major change was the increase in those
who were employed and attending school concur
rently, as shown in the tabulation on the following
page.
1 F ir s t Jobs of College W omen : R eport on W omen G raduates,
Class of 1957, W om en’s B u reau B ull. 268 (1959). S im ilar s u r
veys of women college g ra d u a te s from th e classes of 1955 an d
1956 w ere published by th e W om en’s B ureau ; fo r sum m aries of
these surveys, see M onthly L abor Review, Septem ber 1956 (pp.
1057-1061) an d Ju ly 1958 (pp. 752 -7 5 6 ).
2 T he sam ple w as selected on a random basis from g ra d u a te s of
rep re sen tativ e schools, chosen by size, type, an d region. T he ex
clusion of women who were g rad u ated from m en’s colleges an d
of women who received th e ir degree in m onths o th e r th a n Ju n e
accounts fo r th e fa c t th a t th e size of th is group is sm aller th a n
the 118,000 women college g ra d u a te s rep o rted by th e U.S. Office
of E d u catio n fo r th e school year 1956-57.
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
664
classes, but part-time students increased from 8
percent of the 1955 class to 12 percent in 1957.
Education continued to be the leading field of
graduate study for women graduates, according
to the 1957 study. In the winter of 1957-58, it
was the graduate major of over one-fifth of the
full-time students and two-fifths of the part-time
students. Other numerically significant majors
of the full-time students included the specialized
health fields (excluding nursing), home econom
ics, and social work. Part-time students not ma
joring in education were distributed fairly evenly
among many fields of study. Almost three-fifths
of the full-time students were candidates for a
master’s degree and a few (4 percent) for a doc
torate. Most of the others were studying for a
certificate in health services or teaching.
Percent of graduates
1957
Total_____________________________
Employed only__________________
Employed and attending school---Attending school only____________
Seeking work___________________
N ot seeking work------------------------
100
69
13
8
3
7
1 956
100
70
11
8
3
8
1955
100
71
9
8
4
8
Half of the June 1957 women graduates earned
a bachelor of science degree, 45 percent a bache
lor of arts, and 5 percent other baccalaureate de
grees. Their undergraduate majors had a strong
resemblance to those of their immediate prede
cessors. Education—reported by 33 percent of the
1957 graduates3—continued to rank first. Other
numerically important majors were the humani
ties and arts (19 percent), the social sciences (15
percent), home economics (8 percent), and busi
ness and commerce (5 percent). Percentages of
women majoring in the physical sciences, the bio
logical sciences, and mathematics did not increase
from the low levels of the 2 previous years.
Over one-fifth of the 1957 women college grad
uates were continuing their education in the fall
of 1957. The percentage of full-time students
was the same—9 percent—in all three survey
T
able
1.
N
um bers
E
m plo y ed and
F irst Jobs
The first jobs obtained by the June 1957 grad
uates resembled those reported by the 1956 and
1955 graduates. However, the percentage obtain3
R efers only to g ra d u a te s who rep o rted education as th e ir
m ajor ; does n o t include about 29 p ercen t of th e g ra d u a te s who
h ad a su b je ct-m atter m ajo r an d w ere also qualified to teach.
A n n u a l S t a r t i n g S a l a r ie s
C l a s s e s o f 1957, 1956,
op
and
W
om en
C ollege G raduates,
by
O c c u p a t io n ,
1955
Average annual salary2
Number of employed graduates 1
Occupational classification
1956
1957
Graduates represented___________
71,441
70,043
Advertising and editorial assistants.
Assistant buyers, store trainees___
Bookkeepers, accounting clerks___
Chemists________________ ______
Clerical workers, miscellaneous___
Dietitians ____________________
Editors, copywriters, reporters-----Home economists_______________
Library assistan ts______________
Mathematicians, statisticians 3____
N u rse s_______________________
Personnel assistants________ ____
Professional workers, miscellaneous.
Recreation workers_____ ____ ___
Religious w orkers______________
Research workers_______________
Salesclerks, retail workers_______
Secretaries, stenographers................
Social and welfare workers_______
T eachers___________ ____-........ Technicians, biological__________
Therapists_____________ _____
Typists_______________________
Other occupations______________
854
470
652
586
2,428
970
578
880
406
703
4,915
476
2, 569
679
549
646
617
4, 753
1, 320
42,028
1,977
887
566
932
633
624
817
397
3,389
696
740
758
436
454
3,504
551
2,607
480
699
493
628
4,391
1,541
41,133
2,123
861
899
1,189
1 Covers both full- and part-time workers and includes a few who did not
report their salary.
2 Covers only full-time workers.
3 Included in “clerical workers, miscellaneous.”
4 Included with “home economists.”
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1957
1955
64,752
(3)
914
(3)
470
4,120
0
650
887
(3)
479
2, 585
0
0
0
0
2, 911
679
4,908
« 2,005
39, 651
1,929
0
1,147
1,417
1956
$3, 739
$3, 446
$3, 278
3,381
3,407
4,847
3, 247
3, 576
3, 397
4,040
3,097
4,675
3,875
3, 676
3,862
3,655
3,167
3,971
2, 860
3,295
3, 792
3, 799
3, 854
3, 947
3,104
3,214
$3,210
3,056
3,017
4,453
3,179
3,351
3,120
3, 803
2,960
4,382
3,647
3,497
3,732
3, 571
2, 960
3,819
2,504
3,148
3,440
3, 492
3, 492
3,733
2, 912
3,007
3,141
0
$2,79]
0
3,901
2, 85!
I
3.021
3,34
(3)
(3)
0
0
0
3, 76
3,43
3.21
2, 41
2, 8f
*3, 21
3, If
3, 0Î
I
2, 7(
3,0C
5 Includes a few natural scientists.
e Combination job covered “recreation, religious, social, and welfar
workers.”
7 Included in “professional workers, miscellaneous.”
EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN COLLEGE GRADUATES
T able
2.
D
is t r ib u t io n
of
J une
665
1957 W o m e n C o l l e g e G r a d u a t e s w i t h S p e c i f i e d U n d e r g r a d u a t e M a j o r s ,
O c c u p a t io n , W i n t e r 1957-58
by
Percent distribution by undergraduate major in —
Occupational classification
Employed
graduates 1
Num
ber
Per
cent
Graduates represented_________ . . . 68,268
Percent____________________
100
Advertising and editorial assistants.-790
Bookkeepers, accounting clerks_____
639
C hem ists.-. _
_. _______
674
Clerical workers, miscellaneous_____
3,800
Dietitians____ - . _____________
942
Home economists____ . __ _______
871
Mathematicians, statisticians_______
703
Nurses... ________ ___ ______
4,816
Professional workers, miscellaneous... 3,439
Recreation w o rk ers____ _____ _
657
Research workers.. .
_________
646
Secretaries, stenographers__________
4, 570
Social and welfare workers . . _____
1,298
T each ers.._______ _____
39,744
___
Technicians, biological... _
1,943
Therapists___________ _________
853
Other occupations____ ___________
1,983
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
7
5
1
1
7
2
58
3
3
1
Hum anities
Bio
logical
sciences
Busi
ness
and
com
merce
1 983
100
3 941
'lOO
24 2fil 2 139
’ lOO '100
1
9
3
1
5
2
Edu
cation
l
l
1
14
3
17
15
1
4
1
1
2
4
1
2
3
39
2
1
2
26
48
19
94
4
6
2
65
51
1
9
1
1
7
2
4
3
2
3
2
ing professional positions increased while those
doing clerical work and miscellaneous work de
clined, as follows:
Percent of employed graduates
1957
1956
1955
83
14
3
81
16
3
80
16
4
The same five occupations were reported by at
least three-fourths of the employed women in
1957 as in 1955 and 1956. (See table 1.) These
occupations and the percentages of 1957 gradu
ates they covered were: teachers, 59 percent;
nurses, 7 percent; secretaries and stenographers,
7 percent; biological technicians, 3 percent; and
social and welfare workers, 2 percent. The re
maining graduates (22 percent) were performing
a wide variety of work, including such rather un
usual jobs for women as stock and bond portfolio
analyst, seismograph computer, pharmacist, radio
repairman in the Armed Forces, and probation
officer.
Almost four-fifths of the employed graduates
from the class of June 1957 reported that the job
they held when surveyed in the winter of 1957-58
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
fi fi04 fi Ififi
’ lOO *100
15
1 Includes employed graduates who reported both occupation and undergraduate major.
1 Includes art, foreign languages, music, and speech and dramatic art.
Professional work__ _
Clerical work
Miscellaneous work.
His Home
tory
eco
nomics Eng
lish
4
P hysi
Psy Social Sociol
Mathe Nurs cal
Other matics ing
sci chol sci ogy and
than
ences ogy ences3 social
Eng
work
lish 3
6 K43
*100
1 DQ1
100
1 0^2
'lOO
3
1
12
10
6
1
1
10
1
60
1
11
1
1
9
6
49
42
7
42
4
4 42fi
'lOO
1
98
3
43
1
1 Qfi& ? 44fi
’ ioo
'io o
2 fi28
2
l
l
1
1
15
h
15
4
4
3
1
18
1
1
8
3
3
8
15
15
43
1
9
2
2
18
8
40
4
6
2
9
27
28
i
3
4
4
h
8
6
1
'io o
1
3 Excludes history, psychology, and sociology and social work,
o t e : Dashes indicate no data or insufficient data to warrant presentation.
Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100.
N
was their first after college. Of this group, 18
percent obtained their “present” job either before
graduation or in June 1957 and another 23 per
cent, in July or August. Fifty-two percent of
the employed graduates, probably mostly teach
ers, started to work in September; and most of
the others, in October or November.
When asked to tell where they had first heard
about their job, more than two-fifths of the em
ployed women graduates of the 1957 class an
swered “direct application on own” and almost
one-fifth, “family or friend.” School placement
bureaus gave helpful job leads to almost onefourth, including significant numbers of assistant
buyers and retail store trainees, mathematicians
and statisticians, chemists, research workers, and
teachers. Those aided most by their college pro
fessors were the dietitians and therapists. P ri
vate and public employment offices were a more
important source for various types of clerical
jobs than for professional positions.
Most of the June 1957 women graduates, like
their predecessors, were able to obtain jobs in the
same fields as their undergraduate major. Among
the large group (three-fifths) of the 1957 grad
uates with a teaching certificate, 75 percent were
666
employed as teachers in the winter of 1957-58.
Additional graduates might be teaching in the
near future, as 4 percent of the certificate holders
were attending school and 3 percent were seeking
work. Presumably 18 percent were not at pres
ent interested in teaching: 11 percent had non
teaching jobs and 7 percent were not in the labor
market.
A close relationship between college education
and subsequent employment also existed for other
groups. Among employed graduates, for exam
ple, 98 percent of the nursing majors became
nurses; 58 percent of the physical science majors
became chemists or biological technicians; 48 per
cent of the biological science majors became bio
logical technicians; and 42 percent of the mathe
matics majors became mathematicians or
statisticians. (See table 2.)
First-Year Salaries
The June 1957 women graduates who were em
ployed full time in the winter of 1957-58 were
paid at the rate of $3,739 per year, or about $300
more than the annual starting salary averaged by
the 1956 graduates and about $600 more than that
of the 1955 graduates. Annual starting salaries
of teachers, the predominant occupational group,
rose $602 between 1955 and 1957. Large salary
increases were also recorded in other occupations
with shortages of qualified workers: chemists
($947), mathematicians and statisticians ($912),
biological technicians ($816), and home econo
mists ($699). Jobs for which the starting sal
aries of recent women graduates increased rela
tively little over the 3 years were those of edi
tors, copywriters, and reporters ($377), secretar
ies and stenographers ($400), and typists ($400).
As in the two earlier surveys, women gradu
ates with the highest starting salaries were as
follows: women chemists ($4,847) and women
mathematicians and statisticians ($4,675). Other
groups of June 1957 graduates with relatively
high salaries were the home economists ($4,040),
research workers ($3,971), and therapists ($3,947). (See tablet.)
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1950
In terms of their undergraduate majors, the
June 1957 graduates with the best paying jobs
were in the following fields: the physical sciences
($4,509), mathematics ($4,244), specialized health
fields other than nursing ($4,106), and nursing
($3,820). The average starting salary of educa
tion majors ($3,796) was below these but com
pared favorably with others.
Comments and Conclusion
In response to the question, “What are your
plans for future employment?” the majority of
June 1957 graduates said they expected to leave
the labor market when marriage or family re
sponsibilities required: 6 percent when they mar
ried, 18 percent a short while after marriage, and
40 percent when they had children. Another 16
percent expected to work indefinitely or when
necessary but had no interest in a career. Only
18 percent said they were planning to have a ca
reer. Types of positions most popular with the
career-minded graduates were: teaching (42 per
cent) , education excluding teaching (13 percent),
health fields excluding nursing (8 percent), en
tertainment or art (6 percent), nursing (6 per
cent), social work (4 percent), and journalism (3
percent).
One of the findings from the three surveys is
of special significance to manpower analysts and
planners. In several occupational fields with
shortages of qualified workers and relatively high
starting salaries—the physical sciences, the bio
logical sciences, and mathematics—there was no
evidence that more women were motivated to ob
tain suitable training. Since women who have
entered these professions have not only demon
strated their competence but are gaining recog
nition, greater awareness of the attractive em
ployment opportunities in these fields may be
needed to help young women channel their abili
ties and interest toward both fulfillment of their
individual goals and maximum service to society.
— J ean
A. W ells
Women’s Bureau
667
PAID VACATION PROVISIONS IN CANADIAN LAWS
Paid Vacation Provisions
in Canadian Laws
V a c a t i o n s w i t h p a y are provided to workers in
8 of the 10 provinces of Canada under provincial
laws adopted over the past 15 years. These laws
apply to intra-province enterprises. Vacation
benefits are available, likewise, to workers in inter
province enterprises, under national legislation
passed in 1958.1
The national law provides for a 1-week vacation
with pay after 1 year of service, and a 2-week va
cation with pay after 2 years of service. The en
terprises affected by the law are those engaged in
transportation by air, rail, pipeline, inter-province
highway, or ship, including longshoring and
stevedoring ; communications ; banking ; the oper
ation of grain elevators and flour and feed mills ;
and uranium mining.
In some of the industries mentioned, employeremployee contracts entered into prior to October
1, 1958, the effective date of the new law, contain
vacation provisions which are less liberal than
those of the law. In these cases, the vacation
clauses of the contracts will apply until the con
tracts expire. Thereafter, however, vacation
privileges must conform to, or be better than,
those stipulated in the 1958 law.
The number of employees in industries covered
by the national law is estimated at 500,000. The
National Government’s act of 1958 does not ex
clude any employees, but it authorizes the Gov
ernor General to exempt any categories. He has
not, however, exempted any thus far.
Laws in the Provinces
Of the 10 provinces, all except Newfoundland
and Prince Edward Island have legislation in
force in this field, providing for 1-week or 2-week
paid vacations. (See table.) The latest of the
eight provinces to join the group is Nova Scotia,
which enacted its law in 1958, effective as of Janu
ary 1, 1959. Two other provinces passed laws in
1958 on the subject of paid vacations. In addi
tion to the changes shown in the table for New
Brunswick and Saskatchewan, the latter province
adopted an amendment whereby the worker may,
by agreement with his employer, postpone his va
506747— 59
4
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
cation and accumulate his vacation rights, 1 week
each year, for a period not exceeding 4 years.
The amount of the legal vacation pay, in most
of the provinces, is y50 of the annual earnings for
a 1-week vacation and y25 for a 2-week vacation.
In addition to the national legislation covering
inter-province enterprises and the provincial leg
islation covering intra-province enterprises, a
paid vacation law is in effect in the Yukon Terri
tory, which has a population of only about 10,000.
Its Territorial Council in 1950 passed an ordi
nance requiring a 2-week vacation.
Statistics compiled at the beginning of 1958,
before the national statute came into force,
showed that the percentages of workers through
out Canada who enjoyed paid vacations of 2
weeks or more, either by law or under collective
bargaining contracts, were as follows:
Office
workers
2 weeks, after—
1 year or less
_ __
2 years ___
3 years__ _
__ __
5 years _ _ _
_ _
Other periods
_ _
3 weeks, after—
Less than 15 years __ _ _
15 y e a r s __ __
_ _
20 years__
_ ____
Other periods _ _ _
4 weeks, after—
25 years
___
Other periods____ __
Nonoffice
workers
91.2
5. 2
.9
1. 1
.3
17.
12.
29.
31.
3.
8
6
5
5
4
17.2
52. 2
3. 9
3. 1
8.
50.
4.
4.
2
4
9
1
12.2
3. 9
10. 0
2. 4
S o u r c e : Working and Living Conditions in Canada, 7th ed.
Canadian Department of Labor, April 1958), p. 46.
(Ottawa,
Requirements for E ligibility
The national and provincial laws on paid vaca
tions contain carefully formulated conditions gov
erning entitlement to a vacation. For example,
the national act, providing for a vacation of 1
week after 1 “completed year of employment”
and 2 weeks after 2 completed years, states that a
completed year of employment means continuous
employment with one employer for 12 consecutive
months. I t further provides that the extent of
absence permitted to a worker without his foriT h is article draws upon summary data published in the fol
lowing sources: Canadian Labor Gazette (Ottawa), October 31,
1958, pp. 1159-1162; Industry and Labor (Geneva), February 1,
1959, p. 105 ; and Working and Living Conditions in Canada, 7th
ed. (Ottawa, Canadian Department of Labor, April 1958).
668
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
S um m ary
Year of
basic
law
Province
1944____ Ontario_________
op
P
r o v in c ia l
Minimum annual
vacation >
C a n a d ia n L a w s
Longer minimum vacation
after added service
1 week_______________
1944____ Saskatchewan____ 2 weeks after 1 year__ ___ 3 weeks after 5 years (1958
legislation).
1946____ Alberta__________ 1 week after 1 year______ 2 weeks after 2 years.
1946.. .. British Columbia... 1week (changed to 2 weeks
by a law of 1957).
1946____ Quebec.___ _____ 1 week2__________ ___
1947......... Manitoba................. 1 week_______________
2 weeks after 3 years (1951
legislation).
1954____ New Brunswick....... 1 week_____ _____
1958____ Nova Scotia........ .... 1 week
on
P
a id
V a c a t io n s
Coverage
All except farm, domestic, and professional workers; persons en
gaged in horticulture; funeral directors and embalmers; and
salesmen.
All except farm workers.
All except farm and domestic workers, and salesmen.
All except farm, domestic, and professional workers, and persons
engaged in horticulture.
All except farm and domestic workers; salesmen; employees of
municipal and school corporations; apartment-house janitors;
caretakers provided with free lodging; pieceworkers who work
at home; and part-time employees working 3 hours a day or less.
All except farm workers.
Mine and construction workers. Added: Those who process fish,
fruit, or vegetables (1958 legislation).
All except farm, lumber, and domestic workers, and fishermen.
1
A minimum period of service is generally required, as indicated in the case
of Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan.
2
The law in Quebec authorizes the provincial Department of Labor to
establish the minimum vacation period. The Department of Labor has set
the period at 1 week.
feiting the right to a vacation is to be governed
by official regulations.
In Nova Scotia, the employee must have been
at work 90 percent of the regular working hours
during the year; in Manitoba, the figure is 95 per
cent; and in Alberta, British Columbia, and New
Brunswick, the individual must have been at
work 225 days during the year. The vacation
laws of British Columbia, New Brunswick, and
Nova Scotia provide that an employee who has
worked less than the prescribed portion of the
year shall receive, in lieu of a paid vacation, pro
rata pay for the amount of work performed.
Under the national act and those passed in Al
berta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia,
and Saskatchewan, if a holiday occurs during the
vacation period, the employee is entitled to an ad
ditional day with pay. The term “holiday,” as
used in these provisions, is variously defined. For
example, the Alberta law defines it simply as a
statutory holiday on which the employer’s place
of business remains closed. In British Columbia,
Manitoba, and Saskatchewan, the day must be a
statutory holiday to which the employee would be
entitled if it fell on a day on which he was
scheduled to work.
The national act and the laws enacted in Al
berta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Quebec, and
Saskatchewan provide that where an employer
sells his business to another employer, the employ
ment of the workers is to be considered continuous
for the purpose of computing earned annual vaca
tions. The laws of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia,
and Ontario are silent on this point.
Within limits laid down by the provincial laws,
the employer may determine the time when each
of his employees may take the annual vacation.
The limits provide, for example, that the vacation
must be given within 4 months after the working
year ends (in New Brunswick) ; within 10 months
after the worker becomes entitled to the vacation
(British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, On
tario, and Saskatchewan); or within 12 months
after May 1 (Quebec).
A special system of “vacation stamps” is in
effect for seasonal and temporary workers (es
pecially those on construction) in several prov
inces. Under the system, an employer gives the
worker a number of stamps equivalent in value
to 2 percent of the worker’s earnings during his
period of employment. The worker may cash his
stamps at a bank within a year after he began
work for the employer who gave him the stamps.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
—W illiam G erber
Division of Foreign Labor Conditions
Significant Decisions
in Labor Cases*
Labor Relations
Peaceful Picketing Damages Prohibited. The
U.S. Supreme Court held1 that the Labor Man
agement Relations Act precludes a State court
from granting damages for peaceful picketing
where the National Labor Relations Board has
declined to exercise jurisdiction.
An employer was peacefully picketed after re
fusing to enter into a collective bargaining agree
ment until one of the unions involved had been
designated as the bargaining agent by the em
ployees. When the employer instituted repre
sentation proceedings before the NLRB, the
Board declined jurisdiction, presumably because
the amount of interstate commerce involved did
not meet its jurisdictional standards. In a suit
for an injunction and damages, brought by the
employer, the unions alleged that the purpose of
their activities was to educate the workers and
persuade them to become members. However,
finding that the sole purpose of the unions’ activ
ities was to compel execution of the proposed
contracts, a State superior court enjoined the
unions from picketing and using other means to
force an agreement until one of the unions had
been properly designated as an agent, and
awarded $1,000 damages for losses sustained.
The judgment of the superior court was sustained
by the California Supreme Court, which held that
since the NLRB had declined to exercise its juris
diction, the State courts had power over the
dispute.
The U.S. Supreme Court vacated and remanded
the judgment of the California Supreme Court,2
holding that the State court did not have juris
diction to enjoin the picketing, as refusal of the
NLRB to assert jurisdiction does not leave with
the States power over activities they otherwise
would be preempted from regulating, and stating
that the question whether the LMRA precludes
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
State courts from granting an award for damages
arising out of the conduct in question could not
be decided without a clear ruling by the State
court on the basis for the damage award. On
remand, the damage award was sustained by the
State court on a finding that the activities con
stituted a wrong based on unfair labor practice
under State law.
In reversing the damage award, the U.S. Su
preme Court pointed out that Congress has en
trusted the administration of the labor policy for
the Nation to a centralized administrative agency
armed with its own procedures and remedies. In
asmuch as the picketing in question is arguably
protected or prohibited by sections 7 or 8 of the
LMRA, adjudication of its status must be left
to the NLRB. Failure of the NLRB to act, the
Court held, does not give State courts power to
interfere with conduct potentially covered by the
LMRA either by granting equitable relief or
awarding damages which, in this context, can
thwart Federal policy as effectively as an injunc
tive decree. Although the States have been per
mitted to grant damages for violent conduct, the
Court stated, this determination was based on
State interest in domestic peace, which is not at
issue here.
The concurring justices agreed with the ma
jority decision on the ground that the unions’
activity in this instance could fairly be considered
protected under the LMRA and that State action
is thereby precluded until the NLRB has made
a contrary determination respecting such activ
ities. However, the justices asserted, when it is
clear that conduct is unprotected, a State court
judgment should be sustained even though such
conduct might be deemed to be federally pro
hibited. If activities are prohibited, primary
♦Prepared in the U.S. Department of Labor, Office of the
Solicitor. The cases covered in this article represent a selection
of the significant decisions believed to be of special interest. No
attempt has been made to reflect all recent judicial and admin
istrative developments in the field of labor law or to indicate the
effect of particular decisions in jurisdictions in which contrary
results may be reached based upon local statutory provisions, the
existence of local precedents, or a different approach by the courts
to the issue presented.
1 S a n D ie g o B u ild in g T r a d e s C o u n c il v. G a r m o n (U.S. Sup. Ct.,
Apr. 20, 1959).
2 S a n D ie g o B u ild in g T r a d e s C o u n c il v. G a r m o n , 353 U.S. 26
(1957). See also G u s s v. U ta h L a b o r R e l a tio n s B o a r d , 353 U.S.
1 (1957) and A m a lg a m a te d M e a t C u t t e r s v. F a ir l a w n M e a ts , I n c .,
353 U.S. 20 (1957). See also Monthly Labor Review, May 1957,
pp. 603-604, for a summary of these cases.
669
670
decision by the Board is necessary only when
State damage awards are inconsistent with Fed
eral prohibitions, and when activities are neither
protected nor prohibited, State jurisdiction is be
yond challenge. Otherwise, the justices averred,
State power to redress wrongful acts in the labor
field would be reduced to the vanishing point.
Nonreferral of Workers as Secondary Boycott.
The National Labor Relations Board held3 that
a union which refuses to refer workers for work
on materials produced by a rival union is en
gaging in an unlawful secondary boycott under
the LMRA, when the union is a party to an ex
clusive union hiring agreement.
The union and the employer, a construction
contractor engaged in erecting power units for a
utility company, were parties to an agreement
providing that the employer’s initial requests for
workers would be made to the union local having
jurisdiction over the project and that the local
would furnish the necessary workers. The em
ployer was entitled to go outside the local’s juris
diction for workers only when the local was un
able to meet its needs. In addition, the agree
ment stipulated that the union reserved the right
to refuse to handle prefabricated piping over 2y2
inches in diameter upon which its members had
not worked. When the utility company pur
chased a prepackaged turbine generator contain
ing prefabricated piping with diameters in excess
of 21/2 inches which was assembled by members
of another union, the union refused to refer work
ers to install it.
In the ensuing unfair labor practice action, the
trial examiner held that the refusal was not a
violation of section 8(b) (4) (A) of the LMRA,
as within the purview of that section it is unlaw
ful for a union to induce or encourage the em
ployees of any employer to engage in a strike or
a concerted refusal to work on any goods for cer
tain prescribed objects and, in this instance, the
workers who were induced or encouraged were not
employees, since no employment relationship ex
isted between the contractor and members of the
union who were not referred.
In reversing the decision of the trial examiner,
the Board pointed out that the term “employee”
is defined in section 2 (3) of the act as any em
ployee, not “limited to the employees of a par
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1950
ticular employer . . . .” Thus a determination
of whether certain workers are employees depends
on considerations of the peculiar character of the
intended relationship, and is not controlled ex
clusively by any immediate employer-employee
status. “Where, as here, an employer agrees by
contract to look to a union as the exclusive source
of supply of workers; where only union members
are hired by the employer as a result of referrals
by the union; and where the contract obligates
the employer to contribute to fringe benefit plans
in which the union members generally share,” the
statutory status of “employee” arises, the Board
asserted, as the established arrangement has suffi
cient certainty and continuity to warrant a find
ing that the workers are employees. However,
with reference to other contractors who filed sim
ilar complaints, the Board held that there was no
unlawful boycott in the union’s refusal to refer
workers to employers who were not covered by a
hiring agreement.
The Board further concluded that the union
had engaged in an unlawful strike in furtherance
of its boycott objectives when it failed to refer
workers, since the employer’s operations were in
terrupted as surely as if the union had called men
off the job when they were already at work.
Limitation on Federal Preemption. The Supreme
Court of Pennsylvania held4 that the Pennsyl
vania Labor Relations Board has jurisdiction over
labor relations proceedings when the business of
the employer involved has only a small effect on
interstate commerce, as the de minimis doctrine
applies.
The employer, in this instance, was engaged in
furnishing local window cleaning services. Five
persons were employed to do the work, and the
total business for the year prior to the proceed
ings amounted to $40,000, of which about $12,000
represented services performed for enterprises en
gaged in interstate commerce. Orders issued by
the Pennsylvania Labor Relations Board in repre
sentation and unfair labor practice proceedings
involving this employer were set aside by the
lower court, which held that the State board had
no jurisdiction.
3 P l u m b e r s a n d P i p e f i t t e r s u n io n and D e t r o i t E d is o n C o ., 123
NLRB No. 37 (Mar. 16. 1959).
4 P e n n s y l v a n i a L a b o r R e l a t i o n s B o a r d v. F r ie d b e r g (Pa. Sup
Ct., Mar. 16,1959).
671
DECISIONS IN LABOR CASES
In reversing the decision of the lower court,
the Pennsylvania Supreme Court conceded that,
under recent decisions by the U.S. Supreme Court,
State labor relations boards unquestionably do not
have jurisdiction over a labor dispute when the
activity of the employer affects, or may affect,
interstate commerce. The field is preempted by
the Federal Government, which invested the Na
tional Labor Relations Board with exclusive juris
diction that exists even when the Board refuses
to assert such jurisdiction because of its selfimposed standards. However, the court averred,
the U.S. Supreme Court has held that this juris
diction is not without some limitations and has
indicated that there are certain instances in which
the de minimis doctrine would apply. In this
case, the effect of the business of the employer on
interstate commerce is so small and trivial that
if it is not characterized as de minimis, the court
asserted, that doctrine has no meaning. The
effect that uncleaned windows will have on com
merce, pending settlement of a dispute, is at most
negligible, the court pointed out, and another win
dow cleaning service could be engaged if a labor
dispute involving the employer were to result in
picketing.
Strike Threat Injunction. A U.S. court of ap
peals held5 that a union representing railroad
employees may be enjoined from threatening a
strike to enforce a contract demand that positions
existing on a certain date be abolished only by
agreement between the railroad and the union,
since the demand is not within the scope of man
datory bargaining under the Railway Labor Act,6
and the controversy is not a labor dispute within
the injunction prohibitions of the NorrisLaGuardia Act.7
In this case, a railroad was planning to con
solidate some of its stations which were no longer
fully used as a result of the innovations of mod
ern transportation and had filed petitions with
the public utilities commissions of several States
for the authority to effectuate this plan. When
the union requested that the collective bargain6 C h ic a g o & N o r t h W e s t e r n R y .
(C.A. 7, Mar. 13, 1959).
« 45 U.S.C. § 151 et seq. (1952).
7 29 U.S.C. § 101 et seq. (1952).
8 P a r k v. M ic h ig a n E m p lo y m e n t
Sup. Ct„ Jan. 12, 1959).
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
C o.
v.
R a ilr o a d T e le g r a p h e r s
S e c u r i t y C o m m is s io n
(Mich.
ing agreement be amended to provide that no po
sition in existence on a certain date would be
abolished or discontinued except by agreement be
tween the railroad and the union, the railroad
refused to consider this proposal, but indicated a
willingness to discuss means of cushioning the
economic impact of abolishing positions. Subse
quent attempts at mediation, however, were un
successful.
Having received the requisite authority from
public utilities commissions in two States, the
railroad began its modernization program in these
areas. At this time, a strike call was issued by
the union, and the railroad filed for an injunc
tion. Denying permanent injunctive relief, the
district court held that the proposed contract
change was a bargainable issue under the Rail
way Labor Act as it related to “rates of pay, rules,
and working conditions.”
In reversing this judgment, the court of ap
peals asserted that the proposed contract change
was “an attempt to usurp legitimate managerial
prerogative in the exercise of business judgment
with respect to the most economical and efficient
conduct of its operations,” rather than a demand
affecting “rates of pay, rules, and working condi
tions.” Therefore, the proposal was not within
the scope of mandatory bargaining under the
Railway Labor Act. Moreover, the court main
tained, there was no “labor dispute” within the
purview of the Norris-LaGuardia Act, wherein
the term “labor dispute” is defined as a “con
troversy concerning terms or conditions of em
ployment.” Thus, the provisions of the NorrisLaGuardia Act prohibiting Federal courts from
issuing injunctions in cases involving “labor dis
putes” were not applicable, and the union action
was enjoined as an interference with interstate
commerce which would result in irreparable in
jury to the public and the railroad.
Unem ployment Compensation
Abandonment of Functional Integration Test.
The Michigan Supreme Court held8 that when
workers were laid off at three Michigan plants
because parts vital to their operation were not
available owing to a strike in an Ohio plant owned
by the same manufacturer, the workers were en
titled to receive unemployment compensation, as
the functional integration of the plants in Michi-
672
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
Wages and Hours
in purchasing conditional sales contracts from
dealers in furniture and appliances. The Secre
tary of Labor sued to enjoin the employer from
violating the overtime and recordkeeping provi
sions of the FLSA. The employer contended that
his employees were exempt from these provisions
under section 13(a) (2) of the act, which provides
that such requirements shall not apply to employ
ees of a retail or service establishment when more
than 50 percent of the establishment’s sales of
goods or services is intrastate. Retail or service
establishment is defined in that section as “. . . an
establishment 75 percentum of whose annual dol
lar volume of sales of goods or services (or of
both) is not for resale and is recognized as retail
sales or services in the particular industry. . . .”
The employer argued that inasmuch as 50 percent
of his business was intrastate, that none of it in
volved resale transactions, and that his activities
were recognized in the finance industry as being
the retail end of that industry, the business was
within the scope of the section. A district court
ruling that the employer was not exempt was re
versed by a Federal court of appeals.
The U.S. Supreme Court, in reversing the court
of appeals, considered only the question whether
the employer should be considered as a retail or
service establishment engaged in making sales of
goods or services. Business entities in the finance
industry were not within the scope of the exemp
tion prior to the 1949 amendment to that section,
the Court pointed out, and the legislative history
shows that the amendment was intended to change
an administrative ruling, not in issue here, and
not to broaden the field of enterprises to which
the exemption would apply. The Court noted
that the sponsors of the amendatory legislation
had repeatedly stated that the amendment would
not exempt credit companies because “there is no
concept of retail selling or servicing” in that in
dustry.
Exemption Inapplicable to Finance Company.
The U.S. Supreme Court held13 that a finance
company is not within the exemption for retail or
service establishments in section 13(a) (2) of the
Fair Labor Standards Act.
The employer, in this case, was engaged in the
business of making personal loans up to $300 and
»Mich. Stat. Ann. 1953 Cum. Supp. § 17.531 (1) (b).
10 C h r y s le r C o r p o r a tio n v. S m i th , 297 Mich. 438, 298 N.W. 87
(1941).
11 s ee A d a m s k i v. B.TJ.C. a n d C h a m p io n S p a r k P l u g Co. (Ohio
Ct. of App., Feb. 9, 1959), wherein compensation was denied when
a comprehensive test was applied to a second set of facts.
12N o r d lin g v. F o r d M o to r C o ., 231 Minn. 68, 42 N.W. 2d 576
(1950).
13 M itc h e ll v. K e n t u c k y F in a n c e C o. (U.S. Sup. Ct., Apr. 20,
1959.)
gan and Ohio did not make them a single “estab
lishment” within the disqualification provision in
the Michigan employment security act.
The employees laid off at the Michigan plants
sought unemployment compensation, alleging that
the plant in Ohio where the labor dispute existed
was not part of the same establishment within the
meaning of the provision in the Michigan em
ployment security act disqualifying claimants
whose unemployment results from a work stop
page because of a labor dispute in the establish
ment in which he is employed.9 The employer,
on the other hand, contended that close func
tional integration made the plants all part of
one automotive establishment, and that the Ohio
strike was used as a lever to pry concessions from
the company with respect to the master agreement
covering all plants. The lower court denied com
pensation on a holding that the term “establish
ment” encompassed the company’s plants in both
States.
In reversing the decision of the lower court,
the Michigan Supreme Court held the finding
that the plants constituted a single establishment
was erroneous. Overruling a prior determina
tion that functional integration is the basic test
of the extent of an establishment,10 the court
stated that this factor must be considered along
with other facts when determining whether a par
ticular unit is a separate establishment from the
standpoint of employment.11 Compensation
should be awarded in this instance, the court as
serted, as it was in a Minnesota case12 based on
similar facts, i.e., the plants were in two different
States, two separate locals were involved, their
only connection being that they were members
of the same international union, and the units
under consideration were not integrated with re
gard to matters of hire, discharge, and seniority.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Chronology of
Recent Labor Events
the resolutions adopted at the meeting were those calling
for measures to “get America back to work” and to prevent
the recurring “danger of mass unemployment.” (See also
p. 678 of this issue.)
April 9
NLRB ruled that an employer had not violated the
Labor Management Relations Act by refusing, during the
life of a contract, to comply with a union request for a
list of written rules for contract administration purposes
since the union during negotiations had waived its right
to such rules for that purpose. The case was Berkline
Corp. and Local 2888, United Brotherhood of Carpenters.
T he
April 1, 1959
A 2-year contract, retroactive to February 1, was signed
by the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union
and R. H. Macy & Co. for about 8,000 employees in the
New York City area, providing for weekly wage increases
of $3 this year and $2 on February 1, 1960, higher weekly
starting minimums, and other improvements. (See also
p. 677 of this issue.)
T h e NLRB ruled that a union that did not seek recogni
tion but merely sought to protect its bargaining position
with an employer’s competitors with which it had con
tracts, did not violate the Labor Management Relations
Act by conducting a boycott campaign, including picketing,
against a broadcasting station after it had lost its bargain
ing rights at the station. The case was Local 1264, Inter
national Brotherhood of Electrical Workers and W KRO TV, Inc.
April 7
United Automobile Workers discharged Peter Zvara,
of Toledo, an assistant to a UAW international vice
president and in charge of a department representing
employees of a large die casting corporation, after he ad
mitted receiving commissions from a New York engineer
ing consultant firm which was occasionally involved in
collective bargaining matters in plants under contract
with the union. Mr. Zvara had recently refused to tes
tify before a New York County grand jury investigating
alleged bribery of union representatives.
The
A n o - s t r i k e c l a u s e binding a union, its members, and
“any employees” in a bargaining unit is a proper bar
gaining subject, the NLRB ruled, and an employer may
insist on such a clause. The union objected to the clause
on the ground that the State “right-to-work” law wTould
preclude union control of nonmembers’ actions, but the
Board held that “on its face,” the clause did not make the
union liable for actions it had not authorized. The case
was Lloyd A. Fry Roofing Co. and United Papermakers
and Paperworkers.
April 8
A n AFL-CIO sponsored conference on unemployment
held at Washington, D.C., was attended by approxi
mately 7,000 union delegates from 15 areas. Among
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T h e p r e s id e n t s of the Seafarers’ International Union
and the National Maritime Union proposed at a New York
City meeting of officials of 14 seafaring, waterfront,
and associated unions, including Teamster President
James R. Hoff a, to set up a committee “to develop co
ordinated cooperation on whatever problems . . . face
the participating unions.” The immediate objective of
the move was to rally support for the campaign against
“flag-of-convenience” shipping (see Chron. item for
Jan. 23, 1959, MLR, Mar. 1959).
April 12
M e m b e r s of the Textile Workers Union ratified a 3-year
agreement with Berkshire Hathaway, Inc., calling for
wage increases averaging 10 cents an hour for about
6,500 workers in seven Massachusetts and Rhode Island
mills. The minimum hourly wage rate was raised 8.5
cents an hour (to $1.25). (See also p. 675 of this issue.)
April 14
T h e Federal court of appeals in Philadelphia ruled, in
Mitchell v. Roma, that the Secretary of Labor was not
required to answer an employer’s interrogatories regard
ing the identity of employees who had furnished the
Government with written information on matters in
volved in a suit for injunction against the employer
under the Fair Labor Standards Act. Said the court,
“The privilege for communications by informers to the
government is well established and its soundness cannot
be questioned.”
April 15
T h e G overnor o f N e w Y o r k approved the Labor Man
agement Improper Activities Act which imposes fiduciary
responsibility on union officials and agents, requires
unions and employer organizations to report annually
on their financial affairs to the New York Industrial
Commissioner, and requires employers of 10 or more
employees to report on any expenditures made to interfere
with employee union organization activities.
673
674
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
April 16
April 20
United Rubber Workers reached a tentative agree
ment with the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., calling for
improvements in pensions, supplemental unemployment
benefits, hospital and surgical insurance, and various
other fringe benefits for about 23,000 employees in 11
cities. Wages were not an issue. The pension-insurance
provisions were to be effective through April 30, 1964;
the others until April 1961. Workers at 3 other major
companies went on strike before the Goodyear agreement
was reached, and at the end of April they were still out.
( See also p. 675 of this issue.)
U.S. S u p r e m e C o u r t held that the Labor Manage
ment Relations Act precluded a State court from award
ing damages for peaceful picketing even though it vio
lated a State law and the NLRB had refused to take
jurisdiction of the dispute. In a ruling in the same case,
San Diego Building Trades Council v. Garmon (see
Chron. item for Mar. 25, 1957, MLR, May 1957), the
Court had found the State court powerless to enjoin the
picketing, since it did not threaten “domestic peace.”
A n 18-day strike of 5,000 Ladies’ Garment Workers
against 121 blouse contractors in Pennsylvania ended
in an agreement with the Slate Belt Apparel Contractors
Association, patterned after the union’s settlement in
March with employers in three other States (see Chron.
item for Mar. 11, 1959, MLR, May 1959). The settlement
followed a court order directing the union to negotiate
despite its objection (based on long-standing ILGWU
practice) to dealing with a former union official who
was the negotiator for the association.
Announcem ent
T he
h e NLRB ruled that an employer had unlawfully re
fused to bargain when he insisted, as a condition to enter
ing into a contract, that a certified local union post a
performance bond of $100,000 or the international union
also sign the agreement. The case was Cosco Products
Go. and Shopmen’s Local 741, International Association
of Bridge, Structural and Ornamental Iron Workers.
The
April 21
was made in New York City that the
International Transportworkers Federation’s executive
council, meeting in London the previous week, had voted
to readmit the International Longshoremen’s Association
(Ind.) to membership, apparently in consideration of the
union’s support of the federation’s fight against “flag-ofconvenience” shipping (see Chron. item for Jan. 23, 1959,
MLR, Mar. 1959). The ILA had allowed its ITF mem
bership to lapse prior to its expulsion in 1953 from the
American Federation of Labor on charges of corruption
(see Chron. item for Sept. 22, 1953, MLR, Nov. 1953).
T
April 18
U n it e d
P r e s id e n t E i s e n h o w e r created an emergency board
under the Railway Labor Act to investigate a dispute
between the Transport Workers Union and the Pan
American World Airways, Inc., over wages and working
conditions for flight attendants.
April 24
reached agreement
with the Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Corp., ending an
11-week strike of 14,000 workers at 8 plants. The settle
ment included annual improvement-factor increases of
6 cents an hour or 2.5 percent, whichever is higher, with
the first raise retroactive to September 1, 1958. ( See also
p. 676 of this issue.)
T he
April 22
A u t o m o b il e W
orkers
April 19
of two Textile Workers Union locals in Hender
son, N.G., ratified a contract designed to end a violenceridden 5-month strike at four plants of the Harriet and
Henderson cotton mills over the company’s insistence on
dropping an arbitration clause from the union contract.
The pact reportedly provided that arbitration would
apply to disputes over disciplinary matters and only by
mutual consent to other disputes. However, violence
recurred when the union charged the company with fail
ure to carry out an alleged promise to immediately reem
ploy substantial numbers of strikers. (See also p. 675
of this issue.)
K e n t u c k y N a t io n a l G u a r d s m e n were sent to curb strike
violence in the coal fields in three southeastern counties
where 7,000 miners walked out in a wage dispute between
“truck mine” operators and the United Mine Workers
(Ind.) on March 9. (See also p. 677 of this issue.)
On April 30, with shooting and dynamiting continuing,
a temporary restraining order requested by the NLRB
was issued by a Federal district court against the UMW
to halt the violence.
M em bers
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
April 29
T he NLRB ruled that employer members of a multi
employer bargaining unit, who had locked out their em
ployees when one of their fellow members was struck,
unlawfully discriminated against their employees when
they later resorted to a partial lockout by offering only
enough work each week to prevent them from drawing
unemployment compensation. The case was Great Falls
Employers’ Council, Inc. and Local 57, R etail Clerks
International Association.
Developments in
Industrial Relations*
Collective Bargaining and Wage Developments
Rubber. On April 16, the Goodyear Tire and
Rubber Co. and the United Rubber Workers
reached tentative agreement on contracts covering
about 23,000 workers and providing changes in
pensions, insurance, supplemental unemployment
benefits, and other contract provisions; wages
were not an issue. As April ended, however,
strikes that had begun at United States Rubber,1
Goodrich, and Firestone before the agreement was
reached with Goodyear were still in effect.
Negotiations over the Goodyear pension and in
surance agreement were conducted under a re
opening clause of a 5-year agreement reached in
1955, and the agreement was extended through
April 30, 1964. Under this agreement, pension
benefits (excluding social security) for employees
were raised from a minimum of $1.80 to a fiat
$2.40 a month for each year of service prior to
January 1, 1959, and to $2.50 for 1959 and future
years. Minimum benefit levels for employees re
tired since 1949 were raised to $2.25 for each year
of service. In both cases, the previous 30-year
limitation on service used in computing pensions
was removed. Disability benefits were raised to
twice the new normal retirement benefits, early
retirement provisions were revised, and vesting
rights were established. In the area of welfare
changes, the agreement increased certain hospital
and surgical benefits.
In addition to the agreement on pensions and
insurance, the parties agreed to a liberalized sup
plemental unemployment benefit plan which
raised the weekly maximum benefit for a worker
with no dependents to $30 (from $25), and ex
tended the duration of benefits from 26 to 39
weeks in States where this extension has been
legalized for State unemployment compensation.
A 2-year working agreement, which included re
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
visions in holiday pay procedures and liberaliza
tion of both vacation requirements for those who
are laid off or leave the company and of funeral
leave, was also signed.
Textiles. Wage increases in the textile industry
have been spreading to northern plants since
widespread pay advances in southern mills were
first announced in February.2 Over the weekend
of April 11-12, the Textile Workers Union an
nounced it had signed a 3-year contract with
Berkshire Hathaway, Inc., providing a 7-percent
wage increase, averaging about 10 cents an hour,
for approximately 6,500 workers in seven mills in
Massachusetts and Rhode Island. According to
the union, skilled workers received increases of
up to 13 cents an hour. The plant minimum was
raised to $1.25 an hour, from $1,165. Settlement
terms—which included wage reopening provisions
in the second and third contract years—were ex
pected to become the pattern for northern cotton
and rayon textile workers. Subsequently, other
firms with which the TWUA holds contracts, in
cluding the Pepperell Manufacturing Co. and
Bates Manufacturing Co., signed agreements pro
viding 7-percent increases. The latest general
northern cotton industry pay increase was in the
spring of 1956; some changes in fringe benefits
were made in 1957. In the woolen industry, a
10-cent-an-hour across-the-board increase w'as in
cluded in an agreement reached on April 10 by
the union and Wyandotte Worsted Co., covering
1,500 workers in Maine, New Hampshire, Massa
chusetts, and Connecticut.
At the Harriet and Henderson cotton mills in
Henderson, N.C., a new contract was ratified on
April 19, temporarily ending a strike over new
contract terms by about 1,000 workers represented
by TWUA that had begun in November 1958.
The strike had received nationwide attention as
the result of violence occurring after the com
panies resumed limited operations in February.
Following contract ratification, the strike and vio
lence resumed when the union charged the com
pany with failing to carry out an alleged promise
*Prepared in the Division of Wages and Industrial Relations,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, on the basis of currently available
published material.
1 On May 1, tentative agreement was reached at the United
States Rubber Co. that was reportedly generally similar to the
Goodyear settlement.
2 See Monthly Labor Review, April 1959, p. 428.
675
676
to give jobs on the second and third shifts to a
majority of the striking workers.
Farm Equipment. In mid-April, an agreement
to end a strike in effect since early February was
reached by the Allis Chalmers Manufacturing
Co. and the United Automobile Workers for about
14,000 employees in 8 plants. The new contracts
(one of the strike issues had been union demands
for a single “master” contract covering all plants)
continued the wage-improvement factor, with the
first increase of 2y2 percent (minimum, 6 cents an
hour) retroactive to September 1,1958. The next
two improvement increases are scheduled for Sep
tember 14, 1959, and October 3, 1960. The con
tracts are due to expire November 1, 1961. Other
changes included incorporation into base rates of
15 cents of the 24-cent cost-of-living allowance,
and increased pension, disability, and hospitaliza
tion payments. Supplemental unemployment
benefits were liberalized and revisions were made
in the method of funding the benefits provided
under the plan.
Other Manufacturing. Agreement to end a strike
involving members of the United Brick and Clay
Workers employed by 25 clay sewer pipe plants
in Ohio, Indiana, and Pennsylvania was reached
in early April. The 3-year agreement, affecting
about 3,800 workers, was the first of this length
ever negotiated with this group of manufactur
ers; it provided an 8-cent-an-hour pay increase,
effective April 5, for hourly workers and a 2.66percent increase for those paid on an incentive
basis. Additional 6-cent raises for hourly work
ers and 2.66-percent increases for pieceworkers
were scheduled for each of the next 2 contract
years.
Stockholders’ approval of a liberalized pension
plan for employees of E. I. du Pont de Nemours
& Co. was announced on April 13. Under the re
vised plan, pensions will be calculated on an em
ployee’s highest 10-year earnings instead of on
earnings during his final 10 years of employment.
Employees furloughed under certain conditions
after 15 years’ service were given an option be
tween a deferred normal pension and an immedi
ate but lower pension; a survivorship provision
for employees’ beneficiaries was also added.
A liberalized retirement plan, including in
creased pension payments, was also approved at
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
the annual stockholders meeting of the Interna
tional Business Machines Corp. on April 28. The
changes were not fully reported. However, re
tirement benefits for employees with 35 years’
service who had average annual earnings of
$5,000 were increased from $225 to $256 a month
including social security benefits. Benefits for
employees with 10 years’ service were raised from
$110 to $156 a month including social security.
In addition, the company reduced eligibility for
early retirement to age 55 after 15 years’ service,
instead of age 60 after 20 years, and made im
provements in the major medical and hospitali
zation plans. About 61,000 employees were
affected.
One of the first settlements in the pulp and
paper industry this year was between the Sealright-Oswego Falls Corp. and the Brotherhood
of Pulp, Sulphite and Paper Mill Workers, cover
ing about 1,800 workers in Fulton, N.Y. The 2year agreement provided a 7-cent general increase
effective in the first contract year, an additional
5 cents in the second year, an advance in shift
differentials, and 3 weeks’ vacation after 10 in
stead of 15 years’ service. Also included was an
improved pension plan and a 7th paid holiday.
A 2-year contract, which appeared to be generally
similar, was also reached for workers at the com
pany’s Kansas City, Kans., plant.
A general pay increase of 4 cents an hour, retro
active to February 16, for about 3,250 employees
of the Kroehler Manufacturing Co., represented
by the Upholsterers’ International Union, was
agreed to in early April. The settlement, cover
ing workers in 10 furniture plants in California,
Illinois, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, and
Texas, also provided inequity adjustments of up
to 10 cents an hour, 3 weeks’ vacation after 15
instead of 20 years’ service, and a reduction in
the employees’ share of the cost of group insur
ance.
Early in April, in an exchange of correspond
ence between the United Steelworkers and major
steel producers, the companies proposed a wage
freeze for 1 year beyond the June 30 expiration
dates of the current contracts; the union promptly
rejected this proposal and called upon the in
dustry to freeze steel prices as a contribution to
“economic stability.” Both parties agreed to start
negotiations May 5 instead of May 18 as orig
inally scheduled.
DEVELOPMENTS IN INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Construction. Conclusion of several settlements
in the construction industry reflected the usual
spring upturn in collective bargaining in this in
dustry. In Chicago, an agreement with the Ma
son Contractors Association and the Bricklayers
provided a 25-cent-an-hour raise for about 6,000
workers, effective June 1, 1959—the first increase
for these workers since June 1, 1957. Journey
man scales were to go to $4,075. A 10-cent-anhour wage increase was scheduled for about 30,000
carpenters in the same area on June 1 under terms
of a 2-year contract signed in 1958.
Wage increases totaling 50 cents an hour over
3 years were included in a new contract between
the Associated General Contractors of America,
Inc., and the Carpenters union for about 3,500
workers in the eastern part of the State of Wash
ington. Scales will rise to $3.63 an hour by
February 15, 1961. About 4,000 workers, also
represented by the Carpenters and employed by
members of the Contractors Association of West
ern Pennsylvania, received pay increases ranging
from 17 to 23 cents an hour effective March 16,
1959. Employer contributions to the pension
fund were also raised 5 cents an hour.
Other Nonmanufacturing. At issue in a coal
strike—which had started in early March in
Harlan County, Ky., and subsequently spread to
other counties in eastern Kentucky, and to Ten
nessee, and West Virginia—was the United Mine
Workers’ (Ind.) demand that terms of the bitu
minous coal agreement signed last December3 be
extended to independent “truck mine” operators
and ramp operators. The union was seeking the
$2-a-day increase to raise daily pay to $24.25 and
enforcement of the “protective wage clause” plac
ing restrictions on coal mined in nonunion pits.
Operators had protested that the increases would
bankrupt them and had asked for an extension
of the wage terms of the 1956 agreement and for
some compromise on other new contract provi
sions. About 7,000 union members were idled in
the dispute.
In the Los Angeles area, in late March, mem
bers of the Hotel and Restaurant Employees and
Bartenders International Union ratified an agree3 See Monthly Labor Keview, January 1959, pp. 62—63.
1 On May 8, however, a work stoppage occurred after the hos
pitals rejected the proposal and in spite of restraining orders is
sued by the State supreme court.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
677
ment to extend for 2 years a contract with the
Restaurant-Hotel Employer Council of Southern
California, Inc., covering about 23,000 workers.
A general wage increase, amounting to 7 percent,
is scheduled for March 16, 1960. A further in
crease will go into effect March 16, 1961, if the
Consumer Price Index rises at least 4 percent
between January 15, 1959, and January 15, 1961.
Beginning April 1, 1959, employer contributions
to the industry’s joint health, welfare, retirement,
and relief funds were increased from 10 to 14
cents an hour. Vacation benefits were liberal
ized, including the addition of a third week’s va
cation after 10 years’ service, and provision was
made for a paid holiday—to be taken on Christ
mas, New Year’s Eve, or New Year’s Day.
A 2-year contract settlement, retroactive to Feb
ruary 1, 1959, was reached by R. LI. Macy & Co.
and the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store
Union on April 1 for about 8,000 employees in
the New York City area. Terms included a $3weekly pay increase this year, an additional $2
on February 1, 1960, and higher weekly starting
minimums. The company also agreed to set aside
$50,000 for correction of wage inequities. Pen
sions were changed to provide $35 a month retire
ment after 25 instead of 35 years’ service, eligi
bility for severance pay was reduced to 5 instead
of 10 years’ employment for those resigning be
cause of ill health, and weekly sickness benefits
were raised from $48 to $50.
Also in New York City, considerable attention
focused on efforts of the same union, together
with the Teamsters union and the American Fed
eration of State, County, and Municipal Em
ployes, to organize nonprofessional employees of
81 private, nonprofit hospitals. At six hospitals
in which an RWDSU local claimed a membership
of 3,450 out of 4,500 workers, a strike deadline,
set for April 22 to enforce recognition demands,
was postponed for at least 2 weeks when hospital
representatives agreed on April 21 to consider a
proposal by New York Mayor Robert Wagner
that all issues be put before a factfinding board.4
A statement issued by the Greater New York Hos
pital Association declared that the voluntary hos
pitals lacked the money to meet union demands
and charged that strike action would be irrespon
sible “since the basic stakes are not income dis
tribution but human life.” The union, while
threatening a strike for the right to negotiate con-
678
tracts, had announced it would agree to a no
strike clause in such contracts, with all unresolved
issues to be submitted to arbitration. Private,
nonprofit hospitals are not subject to the Labor
Management Relations Act.
Union Developments
The unemployment conference sponsored by the
A FL -C IO 5 and held in Washington, D.C., on
April 8 was attended by approximately 7,000 dele
gates who heard Federation President George
Meany, Vice President Walter P. Reutlier, and
other labor leaders assail Federal policy on unem
ployment as a “do nothing” attitude. Secretary
of Labor James P. Mitchell told the gathering
that “neither the Administration nor Congress
has done all I would like to see it do, but we
live in a world of compromise” ; he expressed
confidence in the Nation’s basic economic sound
ness and predicted that by October 1959, unem
ployment would be down to 3 million or less
(from the 4.36 million mid-March figure).
Resolutions adopted by the delegates called for
the Federal Government to initiate a back-towork program previously recommended by the
AFL-CIO and urged that the President “call
into immediate session a conclave of leaders of
industry, labor, agriculture, and government . . .
to map a program that will keep America at
work and abolish the suffering caused by recur
ring mass unemployment.” They rejected as
false a philosophy “that some unemployment and
suffering is a necessary byproduct of a free
economy.”
Automation and its effects on the West Coast
longshore industry was the focus of attention at
the 13th biennial convention of the International
Longshoremen’s and Warehousemen’s Union
(Ind.) held in Seattle, Wash., April 6-10, 1959.
To offset mechanization, delegates approved a
program designed to share the savings achieved
by the use of bulk containers, with resultant
speedup of loading and unloading and reduction
in manpower requirements. The union’s pro
posal—to be presented to employers during nego
tiations to replace the contract expiring in June—
called for establishing a standard of output based
upon past performance against which to measure
output resulting from more efficient cargo han
dling methods. For each man-hour of labor thus
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1950
saved, the employer would pay the union the com
puted straight-time wage. The union at the end
of each year would pay out this cash to affected
dockworkers in a manner yet to be worked out.
The union argued that employers would still save
money since they would be paying basic hourly
wages only and would avoid overtime6 and fringe
benefit costs. In other convention actions, ILWU
leaders also proposed a 35-hour workweek, more
liberal disability pensions, and action “to reduce
the burden of taxes, both Federal and State.”
The union’s four international officers were also
nominated for reelection without opposition, sub
ject to local balloting.
Prior to the convention, ILWU officials had met
with Teamster representatives to discuss jurisdic
tional issues and set up a joint committee to work
out common problems on the waterfront. Ac
cording to Einar Mohn, chairman of the Western
Conference of Teamsters, the committee’s purpose
was “to discuss the changing methods of handling
cargo . . . and to find out some way to solve the
jurisdictional conflicts that may arise. . . .”
While settlement of jurisdictional issues be
tween the ILWU and the Teamsters appeared to
be likely, the Marine Staff Officers, Office and Al
lied Personnel Union, an affiliate of the Seafarers’
International Union, announced plans to compete
with the Longshoremen in organizing West Coast
shipping company office workers. Leonard McNichol, a West Coast representative for the SIU,
said that since the ILWU was not affiliated with
the AFL-CIO, his union was “in a position to or
ganize anything that Harry Bridges now con
trols.” A major effort was reportedly being made
to wrest the dockworkers in San Francisco from
ILWU Local 10.
Charges of corruption and allegations of alli
ances with gangster elements in the juke-box
industry were leveled against officials of Teamster
locals in Detroit in testimony presented before the
U.S. Senate Select Committee on Improper Activ
ities in the Labor or Management Field. Juke
box operators and other witnesses reported vio
lence and payoffs in connection with alleged
hoodlum infiltration into union and management
ranks of the industry. William E. Bufalino,
president of Teamster Local 985 in Detroit, when
6 See Monthly Labor Review, April 1959, p. 427.
6 Under the present contract, overtime is paid after 6 hours in
an 8-hour day.
DEVELOPMENTS IN INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
questioned about his reported involvement, denied
he had ever been “either directly or indirectly
connected with any unlawful activities.” At the
conclusion of these hearings, Senator John L.
McClellan, chairman of the committee, said evi
dence showed clearly that Local 985 was “in alli
ance with racketeers” and its members had been
victims of a “dastardly fraud.” Mr. Bufalino
subsequently filed with the Senate “ a petition for
redress of grievances” protesting he had not had
sufficient opportunity to answer derogatory
testimony.
Representatives of two independent oil refinery
unions—the Central States Petroleum Union and
the Independent Petroleum Workers of Amer
ica—in mid-March agreed to merge. The merger
was subject to membership ratification and to
action at a convention scheduled for the near fu
ture. The Independent Petroleum Workers of
America, representing about 5,000 workers at the
Whiting, Ind., refinery of Standard Oil Co. of
Indiana, was formerly a part of the 10,000 mem
ber CSPU, but withdrew from it following its
1953 convention.
In the realm of union education, a local of the
International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers
inaugurated a mandatory course on world affairs
for all its paid officials and business agents. The
course was initiated by President Harry Van
Arsdale, Jr., of New York City area Local 3, to
give local leaders “a feel of the world.” The
course emphasizes historical developments with
reference to such issues as imperialism, colonial
ism, population trends, tariffs, and ideological
conflicts. Periodic examinations will be given and
term papers will be required. The local already
had a scholarship program for children of mem
bers, and a program for business agents to study,
first hand, unions in other countries.
Other Developments
President Eisenhower on March 31 approved a
bill extending until July 1, 1959, the Temporary
Unemployment Compensation Act of 1958,7 orig
inally due to expire April 1, 1959. The measure
provides extended benefits for unemployed work
ers who had filed their first claim for such benefits
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
679
before April 1 (April 7 in some States) but had
not exhausted their rights on that date; in no
event can the extended benefits be paid after July
1, 1959. The 3-month extension of the Federal
loan program to States requesting supplementary
payments for qualifying unemployed workers was
estimated to affect 405,000 workers and to cost
about $78 million.
The National Labor Relations Board modified
its policy against picketing by a minority union8
in early April, when it held that a union did not
violate the Taft-Hartley Act by picketing an em
ployer after it was decertified, to protect its bar
gaining position with other employers. The em
ployer filed charges that the union’s object was
to force recognition and that an economic hard
ship had been imposed, in violation of the TaftHartley Act. The trial examiner’s findings—
which were confirmed by the NLRB—upheld the
union’s contention that it was not seeking recog
nition, and although economic hardship to the
employer and indirectly to its employees was a
foreseeable consequence, it did “not necessarily
follow that this was the respondent’s objective or
motive.”
The NLRB general counsel announced on April
15 that the agency’s New Orleans office had been
ordered to adjudicate a dispute between a “foreign
flag” ship (American-owned but registered in Li
beria) and the Seafarers’ International Union in
order to obtain a decision from the Board on
whether it has jurisdiction over cases of this na
ture. The union had filed unfair labor practice
charges alleging that some of the ship’s all-foreign
crew—about half of whom had reportedly been or
ganized by the SIU—had been discharged in Ha
vana, Cuba, because of their union affiliation. The
case differed slightly from an earlier one in which
the NLRB ordered a representation election
aboard a former American-registered ship flying
the Panamanian flag. The ship in the current
dispute had never sailed under the American flag.
i See 1958 Congressional Action to Improve UI Benefits,
Monthly Labor Review, November 1958, pp. 1236—1242.
8
See L o c a l 6 8 9 , I n t e r n a t i o n a l B r o th e r h o o d o f T e a m s te r s and
C u r tis B r o s ., I n c ., Monthly Labor Review, January 1958, pp.
62—63, and I n t e r n a t i o n a l B r o th e r h o o d o f T e a m s te r s v. N L R B ,
Monthly Labor Review, February 1959, p. 174.
Book Reviews
and Notes
E ditor’s N ote.—Listing of a publication in this
section is for record and reference only and
does not constitute an endorsement of point
of view or advocacy of use.
Special Reviews
Sourcebook on Labor. By Neil W. Chamberlain.
New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc.,
1958. 1,104 pp. $9.75.
Dr. Chamberlain has ranged far and wide in
his monumental task of searching out and or
ganizing material which he considered repre
sentative of varying points of view on problems
of labor-management relations and on the role of
workers in the economy. In a blend of docu
mentary and semidocumentary material, the
Sourcebook contains not only court and National
Labor Relations Board decisions, the text of
various labor laws, union constitutions, and col
lective bargaining agreements, but also excerpts
from speeches and from personal letters, news
paper and magazine articles, and union and man
agement paid advertisements. Prepared for use
with the author’s book Labor, published earlier
in 1958, the Sourcebook follows the organizational
pattern of the previous volume, with the first 13
chapters supplying background material for the
discussion and analysis of the people and institu
tions involved, and the later chapters dealing with
the impact of organized labor on various phases
of the economy. Each chapter opens with a state
ment on the subject covered; this is followed by
illustrations of partisan points of view and a list
of topics for discussion and analysis. Scattered
through each chapter are brief comments point
ing up the problems discussed.
The chapter on the background of the labor
movement, tracing the changes which have oc
680
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
curred since the earliest attempts at* organiza
tion in the attitudes of workers, management, and
the public toward unions, should serve as a use
ful introduction to the study of labor-manage
ment relations. Especially timely is the section
on collective bargaining, which follows in detail
the steel negotiations of 1956 and the strike which
occurred at that time, and which also includes the
full text of the agreement between the United
Steelworkers and Bethlehem Steel. Scattered
here and there throughout the book are single
items of special interest, such as a sketch of
Harold J. Gibbons, executive vice president of the
Teamsters. This was published in the St. Louis
Globe-Democrat before the Teamsters came under
fire by the Select Committee on Improper Activ
ities in the Labor or Management Field.
While Dr. Chamberlain states that the book
“is designed to stand on its own feet,” it would
be no easy task for either teacher or student to
make full use of the book’s vast collection with
out the guidance provided in the previous text.
Indeed even with the text, the very size and scope
of the Sourcebook may militate against its use
fulness to students except as a reference work.
For teachers, however, it should prove valuable
as a great timesaver since it brings together
sources never before gathered into one pub
lication.
The Sourcebook was compiled, Dr. Chamberlain says, with two purposes in mind. First, to
make widely scattered, often fugitive, material
readily accessible. This purpose has been fully
accomplished although as the author himself
points out, there may be some wdio believe that
he could have selected more wisely. The second
purpose was to foster in the student the ability
to examine critically the issues involved in labormanagement relations and to reach his own con
clusions on the problems considered. Certainly
the biased points of view are exposed. How the
student responds will depend in large part on the
student himself. The literature on labor is
greatly enriched by the addition of the Sourcebook.
—M arjorie C. E gloff
Office of Publications
Bureau of Labor Statistics
BOOK REVIEWS AND NOTES
The Politics of German Codetermination. By
Herbert J. Spiro. Cambridge, Mass., H ar
vard University Press, 1958. 180 pp. $4.
Codetermination began in 1947 in Germany in
the steel industry as a result of an administrative
decree of the British occupying forces. It has
continued and expanded since the West German
Republic was established in 1949. The first of
the German laws, the special codetermination law
of 1951, made coal subject to the existing rules
governing the steel industry. It was passed by
the Christian Democrats and the Social Demo
crats under pressure from the unions. In 1952,
a general law applied a somewhat less sweeping
set of standards to most of German industry.
The union federation had pressed for a more ex
tensive law. Further modifications were made in
the system in its extension, in 1955, to many gov
ernment-owned operations, and in 1956 the system
also was applied to holding companies in steel and
coal.
The author, a political scientist, begins his
analysis with the forces and ideologies that lay
behind these political decisions, but is more con
cerned with the ways in which codetermination
has actually worked and the impact of such ar
rangements on the political, social, and economic
life of Germany.
In general, codetermination introduces repre
sentatives of the workers at three levels of the
policymaking and administrative functions of
German industry. Representatives elected by the
workers are placed on the supervisory board
(what we would call the Board of Directors).
One worker designee participates as labor man
ager on the small managing board (three or four
executives responsible for the operating decisions
of the firm). A works council, elected by the em
ployees, represents them in dealing with manage
ment on a wide variety of personnel and welfare
matters.
The worker representatives on the supervisory
boards receive information on the major policy
developments in the firm and, to a limited degree,
participate in the formulation of these general
policies. The labor manager, as one of the chief
executives of the company, has direct responsibil
ity for its personnel and social affairs. The de
gree to which he participates in the other major
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681
administrative policy decisions varies consider
ably, but frequently his role in these is limited
to the exchange of information and some advisory
comments.
Each works council is directly elected by pro
portional representation of all the employees in
the establishment. Separate ballots are counted
for the wage and for the salaried employees.
Slates of candidates are presented to the worker
voters by the trade unions and the political par
ties. Union representatives attend the meetings
of the works councils. In practice, their role is to
consider and to deal with the “labor manager” on
all plant problems affecting the employees includ
ing social welfare activities. I t is usual for them
to work out with the labor manager the local
amplification and application of the national in
dustry collective agreements negotiated by the
unions and to act on grievances.
Codetermination has had much less elaborate
effect on the management of German industry
than the word suggests. The author suggests that
workers have had a minor advisory role on many
major policy decisions of management, but an ex
tensive participation in the determination of poli
cies directly affecting employees and the actual
administration of many aspects of such policies
either by works councils themselves or, much more
extensively, by the labor manager. There has
been little change, the author concludes, in the
type of decisions that are made by the company
executives, but a significant redistribution of the
responsibility for such decisions, with the indirect
inclusion of workers through their representa
tives. The consequence has been that decisions
are made only after a fuller consideration of a
wider number of alternatives and, particularly as
relates to personnel and social affairs, such de
cisions are more efficiently administered.
The most extensive effect of the system of co
determination, the author finds, is “political.”
Although many of its original proponents had
urged it on the assumption that it would reduce
the role of the government in the economic life
of the country, he concludes that codetermination
is now an established issue in the continuing po
litical life of the Nation. It has served as a focus
for the unions in their definition of political is
sues. In this connection it has provided an im-
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
682
portant rallying point for keeping both the Chris
tian Democrats and the Social Democrats within
a single trade union federation. By the same
token, it has provided an issue on which these two
political parties can agree on general objectives,
although they may differ on specific aspects of the
program.
The author concludes that it has
tended to redefine issues in terms of “labor rela
tions” rather than in terms of the “class struggle.”
He concludes, also, that it has considerably
widened the worker role in both the economic and
the political life of the Nation.
—W.
E lliso n C halm ers
Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations
University of Illinois
Work in the Lives of Married Women: Proceed
ings of a Conference on Womanpower, Oc
tober £0-25,1957, Columbia University. New
York, National Manpower Council, 1958.
xxii, 220 pp. $4.75, Columbia University
Press, New York.
This volume is the seventh publication of the
National Manpower Council since it was estab
lished at Columbia University in 1951. Earlier
publications of the council treated such aspects of
the manpower crisis as student deferment, scien
tific and professional manpower, and improving
work skills. Womanpower and the implications
of it was made the topic of a conference on Work
in the Lives of Married Women, which the coun
cil held in October 1957. Seventy-seven partici
pants, drawn from 34 communities in different
parts of the United States and representing a
wide variety of fields and interests, contributed
papers, addresses, and opinions to the conference.
This volume consists of addresses by leading
authorities on the principal issues discussed at
the conference: (1) education, training, and guid
ance of women for reentry into the labor force;
(2) the utilization of womanpower, especially the
older workers; (3) income earned by married
women; and (4) working mothers and the de
velopment of children. There is an excellent
frame of reference for the conference in papers
by Erwin D. Canham and James P. Mitchell.
The scope of the problem is evident from the
fact that women make up almost one-third of the
working population of the Nation, and that onehalf of these women are over 40 years of age.
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“Six out of every ten working women are married,
and two out of five mothers whose children are of
school age are in the labor force.”
The findings of the conference as a whole re
veal a pervading spirit of caution against general
izing and recognition of the need for much addi
tional research before final conclusions can be
reached.
More specifically, this reviewer is most impressed
with the following findings discussed in the final
chapter: (1) New patterns of work outside the
home for wives and mothers have resulted, in gen
eral, in desirable economic and social conse
quences; (2) little is known as yet about the con
sequences of the so-called revolution in women’s
employment, and hence there is great need for
extensive research and for efficient synthesizing of
existing data; (3) generalizations are dangerous
and should be avoided, particularly since no one
problem can as yet be identified as the problem
of the working mother or wife; (4) the problems
of womanpower are so numerous and their scope
and significance so often obscure that there is no
simple or single policy applicable to all of them;
(5) high levels of employment and demands for
labor point to a continuation of recent trends in
women’s employment; and (6) man and woman,
being imperfect creatures, will fashion a social
organization which itself is imperfect, and much
in the individual lives of these imperfect individ
uals will not fit neatly into an improvised ideal
scheme.
This short volume is a significant addition to
the literature in the field of labor. It fearlessly
raises questions, the answers to which will mani
festly condition our historical attitudes, our
economy, and indeed the very fabric of our society.
— C a t h e r y n S eckler - H u dso n
School of Government and Public Administration
The American University
Arbitration and Mediation
A Guide to State Mediation Laws and Agencies. By
Norene M. Diamond. Washington, U.S. Department
of Labor, Bureau of Labor Standards, 1958. 63 pp.
(Bull. 176, revised.) 30 cents, Superintendent of
Documents, Washington.
Controlling Costs in Labor Arbitration. (In Arbitration
Journal, New York, Vol. 14, No. 1, 1959, pp. 1-2, 2629. $1.50.)
683
BOOK REVIEWS AND NOTES
Management Prerogatives and Plant Rule Violations. By
Lawrence Stessin. (In Arbitration Journal, New
York, Vol. 14, No. 1, 1959, pp. 3-13. $1.50.)
Fam ily Budgets and Consumer Purchases
Quantity and Cost Budgets for Two Income Levels: Fam
ily of a Salaried Junior Professional and Executive,
Family of a Wage Earner—Prices for the San Fran
cisco Bay Area, September 1958. Berkeley, Univer
sity of California, Heller Committee for Research in
Social Economics, 1959. 86 pp. $1.75.
Anketa o Porodicnim Budzetim a C etvoroclanih Radnidkih i Sluzbenickih Porodica, 1957. Belgrade, Fed
eral People’s Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Sta
tistical Office, 1958. 20 pp. (Statistical Bull. 124.)
Key in French.
On the Predictive Value of Consumer Intentions and A t
titudes. By James Tobin. (In Review of Econom
ics and Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Mass., February 1959, pp. 1-11. $2.)
Consumer Purchasing and Income Patterns. By Louis
J. Paradiso and Mabel A. Smith. (In Survey of
Current Business, U.S. Department of Commerce,
Office of Business Economics, March 1959, pp. 18-28.
30 cents, Superintendent of Documents, Washington.)
Some International Comparisons of Consumers' Durable
Goods. By F. Knox. (In Bulletin of the Oxford
University Institute of Statistics, Oxford, England,
February 1959, pp. 31-38. 10s. 6d.)
Rent in the USSR. By Timothy Sosnovy. (In The
American Slavic and East European Review, Colum
bia University Press, New York, April 1959, pp. 174181. $1.50.)
Industrial H ealth and S afety
Industrial Health—Meeting the Challenge. By A. Meiklejohn. (In British Journal of Industrial Medicine,
London, January 1959, pp. 1-10. 17s. 6d.)
Organisation of Occupational Health Services in Places
of Employment. Geneva, International Labor Office,
1959. 57 pp. (Report IV (2) prepared for Interna
tional Labor Conference, 43d session, 1959.) 40
cents. Distributed in United States by Washington
Branch of ILO.
Protection of Workers Against Radiations. Geneva, In
ternational Labor Office, 1959. 131 pp. (Report
VI (2) prepared for International Labor Conference,
43d session, 1959.) $1. Distributed in United States
by Washington Branch of ILO.
International Directory of Institutions Engaged in Study,
Research and Other A ctivities in the Field of Occu-
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pational Safety and Health, Volumes I and II.
Geneva, International Labor Office, 1958. 395 pp.
and 369 pp., respectively. Distributed in United
States by Washington Branch of ILO.
Proceedings of the National Conference on Industrial
Safety, Canberra, September 26-27, 1958. Canberra,
Commonwealth of Australia, Department of Labor
and National Service, 1958. 129 pp. 10s., Common
wealth Government Printer, Canberra.
Labor Law
Comments on Recent Important Workmen's Compensa
tion Cases. By Robert M. Bonin. (In NACCA Law
Journal, National Association of Claimants’ Com
pensation Attorneys Bar Association, Boston, No
vember 1958, pp. 186-257. )
Legal Status of the Building and Construction Trade
Unions in the Hiring Process. By Louis Sherman.
(In Georgetown Law Journal, Washington, winter
1958, pp. 203-223. $1.25.) Also reprinted.
The Construction W orker Under Federal Wage Laws.
By Joseph M. Stone and John R. Brunozzi. Wash
ington, Livingston Press, 1959. 129 pp. $4.
“H ot Cargo" and the Taft-H artley Act. By Jerome D.
Fenton. (In Rocky Mountain Law Review, Univer
sity of Colorado, Boulder, February 1959, pp. 153164.)
List of Labor Laws in Force in Puerto Rico by Number
and Title. San Juan, Puerto Rican Department of
Labor, Office of Industrial, Public, and Labor Rela
tions, 1958. 14 pp. Rev.
Twenty-third Annual Report of the National Labor Rela
tions Board for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1958.
Washington, National Labor Relations Board, 1959.
55 cents, Superintendent of Documents, Washington.
Legislación sobre Seguridad e Higiene del Trabajo,
1953-58. Madrid, Ministerio de Trabajo, Direc
ción General de Trabajo, 1958. 327 pp.
Labor-Management R elations
Union Organization on Company Property—A Discussion
of Property Rights. By Dexter L. Hanley, S.J. (In
Georgetown Law Journal, Washington, winter 1958,
pp. 266-324. $1.25.)
Public Intervention in Labor Disputes. By Norman I.
Gelman. Washington (1156 19th Street NW .), Edi
torial Research Reports, 1959. 18 pp. (Vol. I,
1959, No. 7.) $2.
Dictionary of Lab or-Management Relations—P art VI
[Letters G and H], By Harold S. Roberts. Hono
lulu, University of Hawaii, Industrial Relations
Center, 1958. 42 pp.
684
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
Labor Organizations
New Goals for the Unions. By Sumner H. Slichter.
(In Atlantic Monthly, Boston, Mass., December 1958,
pp. 54-58. 60 cents.)
Bakers' Union: A Study in Schism— [A Symposium].
By John F. Kennedy, Philip R. Rodgers, Herbert S.
Thatcher, Clyde W. Summers. (In Virginia Law Re
view, Charlottesville, March 1959, pp. 203-280. $2.)
Directory
1958.
ment
1959.
of Labor Organizations in New York State,
By Aaron Novack. New York, State Depart
of Labor, Division of Research and Statistics,
181pp. (Special Bull. 233.) $1.
Labor Statistics Reference Books
Year Book of Labor Statistics, 1958. Geneva, Interna
tional Labor Office, 1958. xvi, 627 pp. (In Eng
lish, French, Spanish.) 18th. ed. $5. Distributed
in United States by Washington Branch of ILO.
Labor Statistics [Great Britain]; Material Collected by
the M inistry of Labor and National Service. Lon
don, Interdepartmental Committee on Social and Eco
nomic Research, 1958. 78 pp. (Guides to Official
Sources, 1.) Rev. 5s., H.M. Stationery Office,
London.
[Japanese] Year Book of Labor Statistics, 1957. [Tokyo,
Japan], Ministry of Labor, Division of Labor Statis
tics and Research, 1958. 488 pp. (In English and
Japanese.)
Anuario Estadístico, Puerto Rico, 1958 (Statistical Year
book). [San Juan], Bureau of Economics and Sta
tistics, 1958. 205 pp. (In Spanish and English.)
Statistiöki Godisnjak FNRJ [Statistical Yearbook of the
Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia], 1958. Bel
grade, Federal Statistical Office, 1958. 718 p p ; Eng
lish text, 215 pp. $5.
Voluntary Health Insurance and Medical Care Expendi
tures: A Ten-Year Review. By Agnes W. Brewster.
(In Social Security Bulletin, U.S. Department of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Social Security Ad
ministration, Washington, December 1958, pp. 8-15.
25 cents, Superintendent of Documents, Washington.)
A Profile of the Health Insurance Public. New York,
Health Insurance Institute, 1959. 44 pp.
Syketrygden, 1956. Oslo, Rikstrygdeverket, 1958. 85
pp. (Norges Offisielle Statistikk, XI, 313.) 4.50 kr.
Personnel Management and Practices
Personnel Practices in Industry. By William R.
Spriegel, John Robert Beishline, Alfred G. Dale.
Austin, University of Texas, Bureau of Business Re
search, 1958. 70 pp. (Personnel Study 8, rev.)
$1.50.
Job Evaluation for Industry. By Stuart D. Coward.
Raleigh, North Carolina State College, School of En
gineering, 1958. 30 pp., bibliography. (Bull. 10.)
25 cents.
Mental Illness in Industry. By Robert N. McMurry.
(In Harvard Business Review, Boston, March-April
1959, pp. 79-86. $2.)
How to Control Absenteeism. By Dale D. McConkey.
(In Mill and Factory, New York, March 1959, pp.
87-90.)
The Other Side of Incentives. By Herbert R. Northrup.
(In Personnel, American Management Association,
New York, January-February 1959, pp. 32-41. $1.75 ;
$1.25 to AMA members.)
The Federal Wage Board Program—P art II. By J.
Kenneth Mulligan. (In Public Personnel Review,
Chicago, January 1959, pp. 38-42. $2.)
W ages and Salaries
Statistická Roöenka Republiky Öeskoslovenské, 1958.
Prague, Republic of Czechoslovakia, State Statistical
Office, 1958. 488 pp.
Wage and Salary Administration. By Lawrence C. Lovejoy. New York, Ronald Press Co., 1959. 502 pp.,
bibliography. $7.
Medical Care and H ealth Insurance
Salaries, Wages, and Fringe Benefits in Michigan Cities
and Villages over 4,000 Population—Hours of Work,
Overtime Pay Practices, Holiday Pay Practices and
Uniform Allowance Policy. Ann Arbor, Michigan
Municipal League, 1959. 147 pp. ( Information Bull.
86.) $3.50.
The
Doctor Business. By Richard Carter. Garden
City, N.Y., Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1958. 283 pp.,
bibliography. $4.
Can Employers Afford Comprehensive Medical Plansf
By S. Gwyn Dulaney. (In Personnel, American
Management Association, New York, January-February 1959, pp. 52-59. $1.75; $1.25 to AMA
members.)
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Initial Report of Factory Workers' Earnings, May 1958:
Distribution of Production Workers in Manufactur
ing Industries by Straight-time Hourly Earnings.
Washington, U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of
685
BOOK REVIEWS AND NOTES
Labor Statistics, 1959.
Free.
22 pp. (BLS Report 144.)
Professional Income of Engineers, 1958. New York, En
gineers Joint Council, Engineering Manpower Com
mission, 1959. 63 pp. (Report 112.) $3.
Salary Schedule Máximums for School Administrators,
1958-59, Urban D istricts 100,000 and Over in Popula
tion. Washington, National Education Association
of the United States, 1958. 48 pp. (Research Report
1958-R4.) 25 cents.
The Effects of Recent Long-Term Wage Agreements on
General Wage Level Movements: 1950-1956. By Ben
son Softer. (In Quarterly Journal of Economics,
Cambridge, Mass., February 1959, pp. 36-60. $1.50.)
On Union Rivalries and the Minimum Differentiation of
Wage Patterns. By Benson Softer. (In Review of
Economics and Statistics, Harvard University, Cam
bridge, Mass., February 1959, pp. 53-60. $2.)
P late U Privrcdi U I Tromeseóju, 1958. Belgrade, Fed
eral People’s Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Statis
tical Office, 1958. 59 pp. (Statistical Bull. 123.)
Key in French.
Work Injuries
Annual Report on Compensable Work Injuries, 1951:
P art II, Compensation Claims Closed During 1957 by
the Illinois Industrial Commission Under the Work
men's Compensation and Occupational Diseases Act.
[Chicago], Illinois Department of Labor, 1958. 46
pp. Free.
Health Statistics from the U.S. National Health Survey:
Persons Injured by Class of Accident, United States,
July 1957-June 1958. By Augustine Gentile. Wash
ington, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare, Public Health Service, 1959. 62 pp. (Pub
lication 584-B8.) 40 cents, Superintendent of Docu
ments, Washington.
The Individual and Industrial Accidents. (In Occupa
tional Health Bulletin, Canadian Department of Na
tional Health and Welfare, Ottawa, February-March
1959, pp. 1-4.)
La Responsabilidad por Accidente de Trabajo. By
Manuel Alonso Olea. (In Revista Iberoamericana
de Seguridad Social, Ministerio de Trabajo de
España, Instituto Nacional de Previsión, Madrid,
September-October 1958, pp. 1373-1427.)
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Youth Employment
Youth at Work: The ILO and Youth. Geneva, Interna
tional Labor Office, 1958. 47 pp. Free. Distributed
in United States by Washington Branch of ILO.
Young Persons Entering Employment [in the United
Kingdom, 195T\. (In Ministry of Labor Gazette,
H. M. Stationery Office, London, October 1958, pp.
371-375. Is. 9d.)
Jugend und Gesellschaft. (In Gewerkschaftliche Monats
hefte, Bundesvorstand des Deutschen Gewerkschafts
bundes, Köln-Deutz, March 1959, pp. 129-171.)
Miscellaneous
Shared Government in Employment Security: A Study
of Advisory Councils. By Joseph M. Becker. New
York, Columbia University Press, 1959. 501 pp.
$6.50.
Iraq. By Stephen Hemsley Longrigg and Frank Stoakes.
New York, Frederick A. Praeger, Inc., 1958. 264 pp.
(Nations of the Modern World Series.) $6.50.
Forty-sixth Annual Report of the Secretary of Labor for
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1958. Washington, 1959.
268 pp. 75 cents, Superintendent of Documents,
Washington.
Annual Report of the Railroad Retirement Board for the
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1958. Washington, 1959.
218 pp.
$1, Superintendent of Documents,
Washington.
Report of Director-General to 43d Session of International
Labor Conference, Geneva, 1959: P art I, Current
Problems and Trends; P art II, A ctivities of the
I. L.O., 1958-59—Thirteenth Report of the Interna
tional Labor Organization to the United Nations.
Geneva, International Labor Office, 1959. 132 and
90 pp., respectively. (Report I.) $1 and 75 cents.
Distributed in United States by Washington Branch
of ILO.
The Atom and the Energy Revolution. By Norman
Lansdell. New York, Philosophical Library, Inc.,
1958. 200 pp. $6.
National Institute Economic Review. London, National
Institute of Economic and Social Research, 1959.
54 pp. (No. 1, January 1959; bimonthly periodical,
first issue.) Annual subscription $6, The National
Institute of Economic Review, London, S.W.l (2
Dean Trench Street, Smith Square).
Current Labor Statistics
CONTENTS
A.—Employment
688 Table A -l.
Estimated total labor force classified by employment status, hours
worked, and sex
689 Table A-2. Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry
693 Table A-3. Production or nonsupervisory workers in nonagricultural establish
ments, by industry
697 Table A-4. Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by State 1
698 Table A-5. Employees in manufacturing, by State 1
699 Table A-6. Insured unemployment under State programs and the program of
unemployment compensation for Federal employees, by geographic
division and State
700 Table A-7. Unemployment insurance and employment service programs, selected
operations
B. —Labor Turnover
Table B - l . Labor turnover rates in manufacturing2
Table B -2. Labor turnover rates, by industry2
C. —Earnings and Hours
701
Table 0-1.
716 Table
717 Table
717 Table
718 Table
719 Table
720 Table
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers
by industry
C-2. Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production
workers in manufacturing industries, in current and 1947-49 dollars
O—3. Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construc
tion activities
CM. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls in industrial and construction
activities
C-5. Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding overtime, of production
workers in manufacturing, by major industry group
C-6. Gross average weekly hours and average overtime hours of production
workers in manufacturing, by major industry group
C-7. Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by
State and selected areas 1
1 This table is included in the March, June, September, and December issues of the Review.
1 The labor turnover tables (B-l and B-2) have been dropped from the Review pending a general revision of the Current Labor Statistics section because,
beginning with January 1959 data, the categories for which labor turnover rates are published differ from those previously published. Current data are avail
able monthly in Employment and Earnings or may be obtained upon request.
686
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
687
CURRENT LABOR STATISTICS
CONTENTS— Continued
D.—Consumer and Wholesale Prices
728 Table D -l. Consumer Price Index—United States city average: All items and
major groups of items
729 Table D-2. Consumer Price Index—United States city average: Food, housing,
apparel, transportation, and their subgroups
729 Table D-3. Consumer Price Index—United States city average: Special groups
of items
730 Table D-4. Consumer Price Index—United States city average: Retail prices
and indexes of selected foods
731 Table D-5. Consumer Price Index—All items indexes, by city
732 Table D-6. Consumer Price Index—Food and its subgroups, by city
733 Table D-7. Indexes of wholesale prices, by major groups
734 Table D-8. Indexes of wholesale prices, by group and subgroup of commodities
735 Table D-9. Indexes of wholesale prices for special commodity groupings
736 Table D-10 Indexes of wholesale prices, by stage of processing
736 Table D -ll, Indexes of wholesale prices, by durability of product
E.—Work Stoppages
737 Table E -l.
Work stoppages resulting from labor-management disputes
F.—Building and Construction
738 Table F -l.
739 Table F-2.
740 Table F-3.
740 Table F-4.
741
Table F-5.
742 Table F-6.
Expenditures for new construction
Contract awards: Public construction, by ownership and type of
construction
Building-permit activity: Valuation, by private-public ownership,
class of construction, and type of building
Building-permit activity: Valuation, by class of construction and
geographic region
Building-permit activity: Valuation, by metropolitan-nonmetropolitan
location and State
Number of new permanent nonfarm dwelling units started, by owner
ship and location, and construction cost
G.—Work Injuries
Table 0 - 1 .
Injury-frequency rates for selected manufacturing industries 3
a This table is included in the January, April, July, and October issues of the Keview.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 195»
688
A.—Employment
T a ble A - l.
Estimated total labor force classified by employment status, hours worked, and sex
[In thousands]
Estimated number of persons 14 years of age and over »
1958
1959
Employment status
Annual average
May
Apr.
1958
Total labor force___________________ 71, 210 70,768 70, 062 70,027 70, 701 71,112 71,743 71,375 72,703 73,104 73,049 71,603
Civilian labor force________________ 68, 639 68,189 67, 471 67,430 68,081 68,485 69, 111 68, 740 70,067 70,473 70, 418 68, 965
Unemployment__________________ 3.627 4, 362 4, 749 4,724 4,108 3,833 3,805 4,111 4,699 5,294 5,437 4, 904
Unemployed 4 weeks or less------ 1,382 1,365 1,600 1,861 1, 706 1,632 1,522 1,569 1, 716 2, 069 2,569 1, 778
644
875
930
695
667
933 1,198
565
771
823 1,176 1,044
Unemployed 5-10 weeks. .........
444
436
357
372
272
225
399
444
283
629
509
328
Unemployed 11-14 weeks -------798
1,146
499
573
931
581
678
675
727
557
520
767
Unemployed 15-26 weeks -------872
888
689
605
735
811
972
782
723
737
818
777
Unemployed over 26 weeks------E m p lo y m e n t__________________ 65, 012 63, 828 62, 722 62, 706 63,973 64,653 65,306 64, 629 65,367 65,179 64,981 64, 061
Nonagricultural. ____________ 59,163 58, 625 58,030 58,013 59,102 58,958 58, 902 58, 438 58, 746 58,461 58,081 57, 789
Worked 35 hours or more----- 47, 287 46, 292 44, 968 46,044 47,076 44,114 46, 522 40, 719 44, 440 42,289 45, 352 45,619
Worked 15-34 hours_______ 6, 615 6. 915 7, 745 6,880 6, 960 9,915 7,221 6,381 6, 099 6,336 6,668 7,147
Worked 1-14 h ours............... 3, 420 3,496 3,424 3,288 3,313 3,146 3,062 2, 751 2,522 2, 719 2,863 3,224
With a job but not at work A 1,839 1,920 1,894 1,801 1, 753 1,783 2, 094 2, 586 5, 684 7,087 3,198 1,799
5,848 5,203 4, 692 4,693 4, 871 5,695 6, 404 6,191 6,621 6,718 6.900 6, 272
Agricultural - .............. - .........
Worked 35 hours or more. . 3, 858 3, 226 2, 677 2,772 2,845 3, 750 4, 690 4,263 4,668 4, 442 4,861 4, 452
Worked 15-34 h o u rs_______ 1,387 1,273 1,217 1,132 1,266 1,369 1, 212 1,348 1,339 1,564 1,533 1,370
485
399
348
390
376
436
504
522
405
425
523
479
Worked 1-14 h o u rs........ ......
228
107
103
126
144
187
209
179
181
285
238
318
With a job but not at work A
70,681
71,284
70,746
68,027
5,120
1,725
933
577
1,301
585
62, 907
57, 349
44, 166
7,840
3,190
2,153
5,558
3, 561
1,390
444
162
68, 647
4,681
1,833
959
438
785
667
63, 966
58,122
44, 873
7,324
3, 047
2,876
5, 844
3,827
1,361
457
199
67, 946
2,936
1,485
650
240
321
239
65,011
58, 789
46, 238
6,953
2,777
2,821
6,222
4,197
1, 413
416
196
48.858 48, 396
48, 802
48,649
45, 774
3,492
42,282
37, 578
30,867
4,027
1,395
1,289
4, 704
3,281
947
329
147
46,197
3,155
43, 042
38, 240
31, 390
3, 736
1,329
1, 784
4,802
3, 413
857
353
179
45,882
1, 893
43,989
38,952
32, 546
3,461
1,197
1, 748
5,037
3, 716
842
309
171
Total labor force___________________ 22, 557 22 408 21,989 22,046 22, 510 22,695 22,987 22,617 22, 686 22,745 23,043 22,745 22,286
22, 482
22,097
22, 451
1,526
20, 924
19, 882
13, 483
3, 589
1, 718
1,093
1,042
414
504
104
20
22,064
1,043
21,021
19,837
13, 692
3,491
1, 580
1,073
1,184
482
571
107
28
Apr.
Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.»
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
1957»
Total, both sexes
Males
Total labor force___________________ 48, 653 48, 360 48,073 47,981 48,190 48,418 48, 756 48, 759 50,017 50,359 50,005
45, 813 45, 514 45,417 45, 601 45,822 46,155 46,155 47,412 47,759 47, 406
2, 971 3, 359 3,282 2, 902 2,504 2,454 2,615 3,081 3,513 3,521
42, 842 42,156 42, 135 42, 699 43,318 43, 701 43, 539 44, 331 44,247 43,884
38, 338 37,991 37,981 38, 464 38,614 38, 693 38, 623 39,040 38,901 38, 588
32, 307 31,433 32,005 32, 423 30,966 32, 547 32, 714 31. 608 30,078 32,141
3, 330 3,882 3,434 3,418 5,160 3,505 3,119 3,065 3,362 3,418
1,504 1,456 1,399 1,414 1,294 1,261 1,122 1,154 1,312 1,246
1,194 1,220 1,143 1,210 1,195 1,378 1, 669 3, 214 4,149 1,782
4, 505 4,165 4,154 4, 235 4,704 5,008 4,916 5,291 5,346 5,296
3,001 2,509 2,582 2, 044 3,362 3, 961 3,691 4,058 3,906 4,214
912
733
787
742
854
933
866
906
928
660
330
261
448
443
308
281
313
307
428
425
89
198
126
184
270
216
168
106
172
303
Civilian labor force ______________ 46,114
Unemployment__________________ 2, 317
Employment____________________ 43,798
Nonagricultural______________ 38, 898
Worked 35 hours or more. .. 33,049
Worked 15-34 hours_______ 3,157
Worked 1-14 hours------ ------ 1, 551
With a job but not at work A 1,139
Agricultural_________________ 4,900
Worked 35 hours or more----- 3, 545
868
Worked 15-34 hours_______
333
Worked 1-14 hours------------155
With a Job but not at work A
46,252
3,266
42, 986
37,962
31,862
3,555
1,395
1, 151
5,024
3,930
753
247
93
Females
22, 525
Civilian labor foroo
Unemployment--------------------------- 1, 310
Employment____________________ 21,214
N onagricultural---------------------- 20,265
Worked 35 hours or more___ 14, 239
Worked 15-34 hours_______ 3,458
Worked 1-14 hours................ 1,869
699
With a job but not at work A
949
Agricultural-----------------------—314
Worked 35 hours or more___
519
Worked 15-34 hours-----------92
Worked 1-14 hours________
With a job but not at work A
25
22, 376
1,391
20,985
20,287
13,985
3,586
1,992
725
698
225
367
95
10
21, 957
1, 391
20, 566
20,039
13, 534
3,863
1, 968
673
527
168
290
54
15
22,013
1,442
20,571
20,032
14,039
3,446
1,889
658
539
190
278
56
15
22, 479
1,206
21,273
20, 638
14, 653
3, 542
1,900
544
635
201
333
80
21
1 Estimates are based on Information obtained from a sample of households
and are subject to sampling variability. Data relate to the calendar week
ending nearest the 15th day of the month. The employed total includes all
wage and salary workers, self-employed persons, and unpaid workers In
family-operated enterprises. Persons In institutions are not included.
Because of rounding, sums of individual Items do not necessarily equal
totals.
1 Beginning with January 1957, two groups numbering between 200,000 and
300,000 which were formerly classified as employed (under “with a job but
not at work”) were assigned to different classifications, mostly to the unem
ployed. For a full explanation, see Monthly Report on the Labor Force,
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
22, 663
1,329
21,334
20,343
13,147
4,755
1,852
589
991
388
503
82
19
22, 956
1, 351
21,605
20, 209
13, 975
3,717
1,801
716
1,396
729
552
95
21
22, 586
1,496
21, 090
19, 815
14,006
3,263
1,629
918
1,275
572
661
123
18
22, 655
L 619
21,036
19, 706
12, 833
3,035
1,368
2,471
1,330
610
597
98
25
22, 714
1,781
20,933
19,560
12,211
2, 974
1,437
2,939
1,373
536
652
156
29
23,012
1,915
21,096
19, 493
13,210
3,250
1,617
1,416
1,603
647
801
138
18
22. 713
1,638
21,075
19,826
13, 757
3,592
1, 829
648
1,249
522
617
100
10
22, 254
1,629
20, 625
19, 770
13. 299
3,813
1, 795
864
855
280
444
115
15
February 1957 (Current Population Reports, Labor Force, Series P-57,
No. 176).
iv Sfjf
* Survey week contained legal holiday.
‘5 1
4 Includes persons who had a job or business but who did not work during
the survey week because of illness, bad weather, vacation, or labor dispute.
Prior to January 1957, also included were persons on layofl with definite
instructions to return to work within 30 days of layoff and persons who had
new jobs to which they were scheduled to report within 30 days. Most of
the persons In these groups have, since that time, been classified as unem
ployed,
Soubce: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.
A.—EMPLOYMENT
T able A-2.
689
Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry 1
[In thousands]
1959
1958
Annual
average
Industry
Apr.2 Mar.2
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1957
1956
Total employees______________________
61,338 50,851 50,315 50,310 51,935 51,432 51,136 51, 237 50,576 50,178 50,413 49, 949 49, 726 52,162 51,766
Mining...........................................................
691
686
693
704
712
713
708
711
708
705
717
711
716
809
807
Metal____________________________ _
95. 6 92.9
93.5
93.6
93.4
90.6
93.7
90.7
88.8
90.3
92.9
91.2 111.2 108 8
91.7
Iron_____________________________
32.3
31.1
30.9
31.2
30.3
31.9
31.8
29.9
30.4
30.4
27.6
28.7
38.9
35
1
Copper___________________________
29.0
30.5
30.2
29.6
30.2
27.5
28.4
27.7
27.1
28.2
28.2
28.1
32.6
33 3
Lead and zinc_____________________
12.4
12.5
12.7
12.1
12.7
11.1
11.4
11.5
12.1
13.3
13.9
13.7
16.7
17.4
16.4
Anthracite_________________________
18.1
19.5
19.6
19.5
19.3
18.5
19.4
19.6
18.1
19.2
20.0
29 3
28.4
Bituminous coal_____________________ 176.8 179.8 188.2 192.4 192.2 190.5 189.1 187.2 184.5 179.6 190.1 192.2 199.0 230.0 228! 6
Crude-petroleum and natural-gas production....................................... ..........
292.8 292.2 296.3 300.7 296.7 296.6 301.5 304.7 302.9 303.2 297.8 298.8 326.2 324 a
Petroleum and natural-gas production
(except contract services)__________ ........... 179.3 180.2 181.1 182.7 182.9 184.0 187.8 190.4 190.8 190.4 187.8 188.7 193.8 192.3
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying_____ 109.3 104.2 101.4 102.6 107.3 111.2 112.4 113.0 111.6 112.4 111.8 109.5 107.6 113.3 115.2
Contract construction___ ______ _______
2,634 2,409 2,256 2,343 2,486 2,784 2,887 2,927 2,955 2,882 2,806 2,685 2,493 2,808 2,929
Nonbuilding construction........................
468
419
fins
437
611
586
593
Highway and street construction_____
192.5 164.3 175. 7
2 8 fi 7
311.1
250.1
Other nonbuilding construction______
275.5 254.6 261. 6 289 n 318 Í 335 1
335.3
Building construction________________
1,941 1,837 1,906 1,980 2,179 2, 235 2, 255' 2, 285 2.226 2,159 2,074 1,973 2,222 2,336
General contractors. _______________
670.4 623.5 650. 8
869.3
Special-trade contractors____________
1,271.0 1,213.2 1, 255. 3 1,302. 5 1, 410. 3 1, 445. 3 1, 453.0 1, 459. 5 1,414.9 1,369. 8 1, 309. 9 1,252.0 1,352. 7 970.00
Plumbing and heating____________ ____ 292.1 287.6 295.8 308.6 315.3 323.7 321.9 318.7 311.6 299.6 285.9 282.3 321.7 1,366
7
Painting and decorating___________ _____
154.1 141.5 147.8 163.8 181.6 189.4 193.5 200.7 197.4 180.4 171.2 152.5 164.2 328
170 9
Electrical work__________________
162.2 165.6 170.9 177.4 179.3 183.9 187.1 182.2 173. 9 166.9 162.6 160.8 188. 9 186 2
Other special-trade contractors_____
662.6 618.5 640.8 652.7 734.1 748.3 750.5 757.9 732.0 722.9 690.2 656.4 677.9 680.2
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________________
15,991 15,961 15,771 15,674 15,749 15,795 15,536 15,755 15,462 15,161 15,206 15,023 15,104 16,782 16,903
Durable goods___________________ 9,285 9,210 9,060 8,990 8,989 8, 982 8,663 8,814 8, 571 8,496 8, 564 8, 480 8, 564 9.821 9,835
Nondurable goods____ ___________ 6,706 6,751 6,711 6,684 6,760 6,813 6,873 6,941 6,891 6,665 6,642 6,543 6,540 6,961 7,068
Durable goods
Ordnance and accessories_____________
137.9
Lumber and wood products (except
furniture).............. ........ ..................... 627.7
Logging camps and contractors.............
Sawmills and planing mills__________ .....
Mill work, plywood, and prefabricated
structural wood products__________
Wooden containers_________________ .......
Miscellaneous wood products________ ...........
Furniture and fixtures_______________
377.1
Household furniture________________
Office, public-building, and professlonal furniture__ ______ _________
Partitions, shelving, lockers, and fixtures................................ .....................
Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous
furniture and fixtures_____________ ...........
Stone, clay, and glass products________
539.0
Flat glass_________ ____________ ..
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown..
Glass products made of purchased glass.
Cement, hydraulic _______ _______
Structural clay products____________
Pottery and related products................ ____
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products____ ______________________
Cut-stone and stone products________
Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral
products............................... ................
138.0
137.2
137.3
136.1
133.9
129.2
615.6
80.3
304.4
601.8
75.1
300.1
612.4
81. 4
302.7
630.3
89 4
309! 8
645.2
Q6 2
31712
131.3
44.1
55.5
128.5
43.8
54.3
130. 2
44. 3
53.8
1.32 8
44.8
53.5
133 4
44l 9
53.5
135 1
45.7
53.7
45 2
376.9
275.0
376.7
275.3
374.4
272. 4
369.8
267.5
373.5
271.1
44.9
44 4
44. 6
44.8
33.1
33. 7
34.1
34.2
23.9
23.3
23.3
530.5
33.1
96.8
18.2
40.7
71.0
45.7
509.7
24 1
95. 2
17.6
38 5
68.9
45.2
110.6
17.8
96.6
130.4
128.5
127.2
659.3
655.1
645.7
324.5
324.4
323! 7
I
52.9
374.3
271.7
369.9
266.4
45.0
44.8
34.2
34.5
23.3
23.2
507.2
23. 5
93. 7
17.4
39. 4
70.1
44.6
519.0
2.3 3
96 0
17.3
41 7
74.2
45.1
107 8
17.8
107.1
17.9
94.6
93.5
122.8
129.3
131.9
606.6
585.1
307.1
296.7
654.6
87.1
331 6
735 6
108.0
378 ft
4 5 .6
4 5 .2
52.1
51.9
44! 1
52.3
346.4
246.5
343.0
343.9
245.9
125.4
123.5
637.0
643.3
320.0
318.4
131 4
43! 6
52.3
44.6
61.6
360.2
258.4
345. 5
248.6
45.6
44.5
41.2
35.0
34.8
33.7
34.3
23.3
22.9
22.5
22.0
23.3
522.1
519.4
535.0
526.3
519.4
513.4
96 4
17l 3
42 3
75.1
45.3
97 6
17.3
42 8
76.0
44.7
98 9
16l 7
16.0
15! 6
15.4
75! 9
43.9
76.1
42.6
75.2
42.1
73.0
41.9
nn i
18.3
112 6
18.5
114 1
1 9 !0
19 0
!
18.3
18.7
18. 4
93.0
92.2
91.5
89.3
88.1
86.7
87.1
128 7
4 9 .7
54 5
5 7 .5
68! 8
375. 6
265.9
380 1
267.2
48.4
43.1
48.0
33.9
37.9
37.0
22.5
21.0
23.8
26.6
501.8
498.5
652.5
34.7
563. 3
35.1
15.1
15.3
71.2
41.9
70.0
44.0
17. 9
42.0
80 4
49 8
43 6
8ft ft
17.9
18.3
112.0
19 ft
116.2
19 5
85.6
86.1
9 7 .9
9 4 .5
17 8
54 1
Primary metal industries.......................... 1,256.3 1,231.0 1,194.9 1,165. 5 1,155.4 1,139. 7 1,107. 7 1,103.3 1,073.2 1,060. 9 1,070. 5 1,053. 4 1, 065. 6 1,309. 7 1,312. 6
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling
mills____________ ____ __________
617.6 591. 7 569. 3 564 2 557 9 554 5
516 5
608.1
642.7 630.2
Iron and steel foundries____________
220. 5 215.0 210.8 20&2 203.5 18813 194ll 185.8 189! 0 189.6
193.9
Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous m etals....... ................... ........
54.7
54.9
54.9
55.1
54.3
53.5
53.4
53.8
53.7
53.9
57.1
5 5 .3
67.8
Secondary smelting and refining of
nonferrous m etals...____ _________
12.1
12. 0 11. 9
11.4
11.8
11.8
11.5
11.3
11.1
10.9
1 0 .9
11.3
13.2
14.0
Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals___________________
112.7 110.2 110. 2 110.0 108 7 100 8 105 0 104 9 10.? 6
101 1
118.2
Nonferrous foundries_______ _______
63.5
62.9
62.4
61.5
58.7
58.9
56! 0
5 3 !2
54.5
5 3 .9
55.1
71.4
Miscellaneous primary metal indus62.1
tries__________________ _________
149.9 148.2 146.0 144.0 142.0 134.4 139.2 136.0 133.8 134.8 134.4 134.8 165.2 161.8
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
690
T a ble A-2.
Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry 1—Continued
[In thousands]
Annual
average
1958
1959
Industry
M ar.* Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
A.ug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1957
Manufacturing—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products (except ord
nance, machinery, and transporta
1,028.2 1,056.5 1,022. 3 998.1 1,004.4 987.2 998.9 1,132.3
tion equipment).................................. 1,078.7 1,064. 7 1,049.2 1,052.8 1.057.6 1,061.2
57.6
56.3
61.2
59.9
63.2
59.1
58.5
62.3
59.3
58 3
55.3
56.8
57.2
55.6
Tin cans and other tinware............. ......
115.6 131.5 124.5 121.4 124.8 121.6 123.2 144.9 149.2
136.2
134.4
135.2
135.8
136.1
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware-----Heating apparatus (except electric)
115.6 113.1 109.0 109.2 112.5 113.9 112.5 110.1 106.3 107.0 105.8 108.4 110.0 121.0
and plumbers’ supplies ----- --------285.9 283.2 288.0 294.8 298.5 304.8 308.8 307.1 303.8 301.6 296.9 298.0 325.2 302.4
Fabricated structural metal products
Metal stamping, coating, and engrav
230.1 224.1 227.1 226.4 223.3 207.8 217.1 202.2 199.0 202.0 198 8 201.3 245.3 238.7
in g -.....................................................
41.4
42.5
42 6
41.7
43.3
50.5
51.4
43.8
46.0
48.2
48.0
48.0
48.4
48.0
Lighting fixtures...................................
49.4
49.7
51.4
50.0
50.1
59.0
55.2
53.0
61.5
55.8
56.0
56.7
56.8
57.1
Fabricated wire products----------------Miscellaneous fabricated metal prod
119.4
116.5
115.7
114.7
120.5
137.2
127.8
125.3
137.4
134.6 132.1 132.2 131.7 130.2
ucts.......................................................
7 1,461.6 1, 466. 4 1,436.9 1, 449.8 1,471.9 1, 485. 5 1. 523. 4 1, 737. 9 1, 730.1
Machinery (except electrical)-------------- 1,585.9 1,574.8 1,550.4 1, 513.8 1, 493. 9 1. 474.
90.2
89.2
90 0 92.1
93 2
92.3
84.1
96.4
91. 2
100. 4 99.2
97. 2 96. 4 95.9
Engines and turbines---------------------158.1 153.2 132.7 123.9 123.1 139. 5 138. 2 134.7 136.1 136.0 136.8 143.9 148.4 150.0
Agricultural machinery and tractors..
128.0 125.6 123.7 120.2 114.1 1157 116.9 118.5 119.0 118. 7 119.6 124.6 153 1 153.1
Construction and miring machinery..
228.3 224.5 220.5 218.5 215.1 209.2 210.8 205.6 211.6 218.1 225.3 231.0 287.6 284.3
Metalworking machinery.................
Special-industry machinery (except
160.8 158.9 157.3 156.1 155.4 154 8 155. 4 155.1 154.3 156.8 158.6 162.0 181.0 187.8
metalworking machinery)..................
214.9 213.4 213.8 213.0 212.2 211.0 212.6 211.6 212.5 217.8 219.0 223.4 2.54.8 256.7
General industrial machinery----------130.4 129.5 129.0 130.6 130.3 129.1 127.2 124.1 123.6 124.2 122.1 121.8 137.7 126.1
Office and store machines and devices.
Service-industry and household ma
184.4 181.7 177.7 173.6 171.2 165.9 165.2 158.5 163.8 165.7 167.2 171.1 189.9 209.2
chines—
269.5 264.4 261.9 261.6 257.4 245.2 247.8 238.6 239.7 244.6 244.8 252.4 289.0 278.8
Miscellaneous machinery parts--------1,189. 8 1,184. 6 1,177. 9 1,170.1 1,166.2 1,164.9 1,119. 5 1,133.1 1,104.6 1, 078.5 1,079. 9 1,077.6 1,092.3 1,223.3 1, 202.1
Electrical machinery ..........................
Electrical generating, transmission,
distribution, and Industrial appa
387.3 383.4 384.9 381.9 377.2 361.1 367.9 363.7 360.2 362 4 365.0 372.0 420.2 416.1
ratus------ -------- ---------------------34.8
33.5
31.8
31.9
40.9
33.1
49.8
35.3
34.6
37.0
35.4
35.9
35.4
36.1
Electrical appliances.............................
24.3
23.7
24.4
23.2
24.6
27.2
26.4
26.9
26.2
28.0
27.6
28.2
28.0
28.0
Insulated wire and cable----------------57.7
60.
7
57.8
58.1
58.4
75.2
73.9
50. 5 63.8
65.2
70.2
65.7
67.8
70.2
Electrical equipment for vehicles.........
26.8
25. 5 26.2
24.6
30.2
28.5
25. 6 25. 2 25.1
26.0
25.8
26.1
26.1
26.1
Electric lamps............ .........................
589. 5 586.8 583.0 582.5 582.6 676.0 569.4 554.6 536.6 532.3 526.7 528.3 579.8 557.8
Communication equipment-----------45. 4
44.8
45.4
44.2
45.1
49.6
49.8
44.1
46.0
46.9
46.7
48.0
46.8
47.4
Miscellaneous electrical products----1,
546.4
1,
570.0
1,
547.8
1,
528.
6
,823.4
1,
500.
3
1.878.1
1,
572.
2
1,681.4
1,461.8
1,679.
4
1,
688.7
1,
670.
4
1,699.2
1,697.4
Transportation equipment---------------'741.9 721.3 732.1 716. 8 702.7 506.4 613. 0 548.9 579.2 592.9 596.4 605. 5 786.3 809.9
Motor vehicles and equipment..........
753.5 757.2 756.8 767.4 767.3 763 1 763.7 755.2 751.2 751.2 742.8 754.2 861. 7 809.3
Aircraft and parts— ...........- .............
452.1 455. 8 456.7 462.0 462.6 459. 7 460.9 458.9 455.9 454.2 445.5 456.6 522.3 494.4
A ircraft............................. — .........
148.2 148.8 148.4 152.0 152.1 152.6 153. 9 150.9 151.3 151.7 151.6 152.3 179.1 167.1
Aircraft engines and parts...............
19. 3
19.8
18.0
18.8
16.9
17.2
20.5
16.2
17.0
15.8
15.7
15.1
15.1
15. 2
Aircraft propellers and parts-------137.5 136.6 137. 6 136.9 134 6 131.9 128.2 126.0 126.5 126.4 125 5 139.8 130.9
138.0
Other aircraft parts and equipment
144.8
146.7
142.1
146.9
148.8 130.0
146.4 143.3 144.8 142.3 146.0 142. 2 140.9 141.1
Ship and boat building and repairing
124.6 122.1 124.7 122.4 127.1 124. 7 124.6 125.3 124. 7 127.6 125.5 123.7 126.9 109.8
Shipbuilding and repairing...........
21.2
21.1
21.9
17.4
19.3
15.8
20.2
17.5
16.3
19.9
18.9
21.2
20.1
21.8
Boatbuilding and repairing................
52.2
57.1
47.3
47.8
64.3
71.6
44. 5 45.3
39.9
45.8
48.3
44.5
46.3
47.7
Railroad equipment...............................
8.3
8.4
9.0
8.8
9.9
9.8
9.7
10.2
10.1
9.1
9.9
9.3
8.7
9.7
Other transportation equipment-------Instruments and related products--------- 329.4 328.7 325.2 320.7 320.2 318.8 316.9 313.0 309.1 306.8 308.6 309.3 313.7 337.9 335.6
Laboratory, scientific, and engineering
58.1
57.1
56.9
64.9
57.5
65.1
57.5
57.9
57.8
59.5
58.7
58.2
60.4
61.2
instruments— ......... -........... .........
Mechanical measuring and controlling
83.5
82.2
90.9
87.2
81.4
82.2
83.6
81.1
86.0
84.7
85.6
88.5
85.5
90.3
instrum ents----- ---------------------13.4
13.5
13.6
13.7
13.9
13.9
14.4
13.8
14.6
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.1
15.2
Optical Instruments and lenses...........
Surgical, medical, and dental Instru
41.4
41.4
41.1
41.3
42.0
41.2
41.0
41.3
42.3
42.1
41.4
42.3
42.4
m ents..---------------------------------23.9
23.6
23.6
23.0
25.2
23.1
23.6
22.0
24.3
24.0
23.8
24.6
25.0
Ophthalmic goods -----------------------64.9
65.7
64.8
64.9
70.0
64.8
64.9
64.8
64.1
64.9
63.8
65.1
63.9
Photographic apparatus......................
26.6
27.7
25.3
26.1
30.8
27.8
29.2
29.9
29.5
29.9
30.5
29.8
30.7
Watches and clocks-----------------------466.1 465.8 457.8 447.0 459.3 478.0 484.6 478.6 463. 7 444.0 452.8 445. 9 449.5 490.0
Miscellaneous manufacturing industrles.
42.5
43.2
43.1
46.3
42.6
43.1
45.3
46.1
45.0
45.8
46.3
45.0
44.7
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware..
15.7
16.1
18.2
14.7
15.7
15.9
16.7
17.1
17.3
17.4
17.3
17.6
17. 7
Musical Instruments and parts............
79.3
81.3
84.9
90.6
84.2
89.7
92.9
92.9
65.0
71.6
85.2
74. 6 70.8
Toys and sporting goods----------------32.1
28.7
31. 5 31.9
32.0
29.8
29.9
29.6
29.4
29.0
29.9
29.1
29.8
Pens, pencils, other office supplies----53.9
65.0
56.0
61.4
54.6
61. C 59.6
61.8
59.8
59.0
60.9
60.0
59.7
Costume jewelry, buttons, notions---80.9
79.1
80.6
91.5
80.0
82.8
85.9
87.
4
86.6
87.9
88.2
87.1
89.9
Fabricated plastics products------------142.9
141.5
141.6
150.0
138.6
142.8
149.4
147.2
149.4 147.1 144.3 148.3 151.2
Other manufacturing industries--------Nondurable goods
2 1,621. 4 1, 529.7 1,484.3 1, 416.6 1,385.3 1, 509.8 ,548.
Food and kindred products---------------- 1,396.1 1,383.1 1,377.5 1,384. 5 1, 438. 6 1, 488. 5 1, 555. 4 1, 623.
' 300.5 300. 7 304.3 312.2 313.4 313.1 312.7 310. C 307.2 306.8 302.0 294.1 326.2 337. (
Meat products........................ ...............
99.1 104.9 108. ■
93.9
96.8 101.1 105. 7 107.4 107.2 103.4
91.6
92.1
93.5
93. i
Dairy products----------------------------166. i 161.7 161.3 181.1 211.6 271. 7 347. ( 342. ( 254.5 210.1 174.3 169.9 220.8 233. <
Canning and preserving------------------112.9 113.3 113.3 112.2 113.3 115. 7 117. ( 117.0 116.0 115.3 112 2 111.3 114.3 118.
Grain-mill products------------------------279. i 280.5 280.3 282.3 283.9 285.5 285.'! 286.0 287.3 287.4 283.3 281.9 287.2 288.
Bakery products----------------------------25.7
31.3
26 7 27.4
31.
27.1
26.8
28.5
42.5
41.
46.0
26. 6 30.5
25.6
Sugar------------------------------------------70.4
71.0
77.6
71.3
68.6
78.
75.5
s o .:
81.5
79.
82.0
74.3
73.0
70. c
Confectionery and related products---205.3
198.1
209.9 213.
199.4 196. 1 196.2 202.5 208.5 209.5 211. ( 216.6 220.2 216.8
Beverages________________________
134.2
138.31
139.
141.4
142.7
137.7
139.6
141.8
138.3
134.
135.9
133.5
132.7
134.4
Miscellaneous food products-------------See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
A.—EMPLOYMENT
T a b l e A-2,
691
Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry ‘—Continued
[In thousands]
1959
1958
Annual
average
Industry
Apr.8 M ar.2 Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1957
1956
Mana far luring—Continued
Nondurable goods—Continued
Tobacco manufactures......... .............. .
Cigarettes_____________________
Cigars................................................ .
Tobacco and s n u ff.......... ................
Tobacco stemming and redrying__
78.9
81.8
37.4
27.2
6. 5
10.7
86.4
37.3
27.4
6.4
15.3
88.9
37.1
27.3
6.4
18.1
93.3
37.0
28.7
6.5
21.1
95.5
37.2
29.1
6.5
22.7
Textile-mill products—............................... 959.8
Scouring and combing plants..............................
Yam and thread mills...... ..................................
Broad-woven fabric mills_____________ _____
Narrow fabrics and small wares____________
Knitting mills....................................... .............
Dyeing and finishing textiles_______ ________
Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings..... ............
Hats (except cloth and millinery)___________
Miscellaneous textile goods.................................
957.9
5.3
109.2
398.7
29.2
212.9
87.6
48.0
10.1
56.9
950.7
5.3
108.2
398.0
29.1
209.3
86.9
47.5
10.2
56.2
946.1
5.4
108.6
398.2
28.7
205.6
86.0
46.7
10.0
56.9
953.1
5. 5
109.8
399.8
28.8
210.1
86.4
46.3
9.9
56. 5
958.4
5. 2
110.1
400.2
28.5
215.6
86.2
45. £
10.2
56.4
104.1
36.6
29.1
6.5
31.9
106.8
36. £
28.7
6.5
34.7
96.3
36. £
28. (
6.5
24.3
79.4
36.8
27.7
6.4
0.0
80.1
36.5
28.7
6.5
8.4
79.7
36.0
28.6
6.6
8.6
954.7 951.4
5.2
5.2
109.a
109. C
399.0 399.2
28.2
28.4
217. 1 216.2
84.8
85.2
45.2
44.6
9.9
9.8
54.2
55.2
946.4
5.6
108.8
398.1
27. (
215.8
84.9
43.8
10.4
52.9
920.4
5.5
104.4
392.9
26.8
204.6
82. £
41.7
9.9
51.7
930.6
5.4
106.9
394.3
26.9
208.7
83.8
42.2
10.4
52.0
921.8
5. C
106.2
393.0
26.4
203.3
83.9
42.4
10.3
51.3
80.0
35.8
28.7
6.4
9.1
94.1
34 6
32.6
6. 6
20.3
98.1
34.2
34.5
7.9
22.4
928.0 1,004. 8 1,057. 6
5.0
55
6.6
106.9 116.0 122.7
398. 8 428. 7 456.9
26.7
29.1
29 8
199.9 214. 5 221.1
84.9
88. 4 91.7
44.5
51. 5 54.3
9.7
10.6
12.3
51.6
60.5
62.2
Apparel and other finished textile prod
ucts................. ......................................1,176.6 L, 214.3 1,207. 3 1,180.4 1,183.8 1,183.2 1,181.2 1,184.3 1,172.1 1,120. 7 1,122. 5 1,113. 4 1,115.5
1,211.2
Men’s and boys’ suits and coats—........ ............. 110.1 109.7 109.1 109.0 106.2 106.4 109.7 107.2 103.1 107.4 105.7 101.5 1,198.6
117.6 123.1
Men’s and boys’ furnishings and work
clothing............ ........................ ........................ 327.4 322.3 315.3 316.4 315.9 317.4 317.7 314.5 307.3 310.4 304.2 302.7 316. 5 317.4
Women’s outerwear______________________
360.2 359.6 346.7 346.8 345.2 339. £ 343.5 348.9 328.1 319.2 328.8 332.8
354.2
Women's, children's undergarments......... ........ 118.1 117.2 115.1 116.8 118.7 117.5 115.1 112.6 106.5 109.9 110.0 114.0 362.1
119. 6 120.9
Millinery_______________________ ____ ___
22.8
23.5
20.6
18.5
16.8
21.1
20. 4 16.7
19.9
13.8
12.1
14.9
18.
7
18.9
Children's outerwear_____________________
74.9
77.8
76.1
73.5
73.4
74.8
74.8
76.0
75.4
75.4
67.9
70.3
73.8
74.0
F ur goods..... ........... .................. ........................
9.0
9.4
8.7
10.5
12.0
10.7
12. C 11.9
11.2
11.1
10.3
8.8
11.3
10.4
Miscellaneous apparel and accessories_______
58.8
58.0
56.1
58.1
59.9
59.5
58.3
60.3
53.1
53.9
55.6
53.9
59.2
62
Other fabricated textile products____________ 133.0 130.5 132.0 134.2 135.1 133.0 131.0 123.5 119.3 119.7 118.1 119.0 130.5 128.97
Paper and allied products_____________ 553.3 552.3 549.6 548.8 551.0 553.7 553.8 554.5 550.2 537.8 542.0 539.3 541.7 566.3 667.7
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills...........
270.7 270.1 270.2 270.2 271.4 270.7 271.7 272.3 265.3 267.9 266.8 268.1 277.4 278.0
Paperboard containers and boxes______
150.4 149.7 150.2 152.5 154.3 154.1 153. 2 149.9 146.0 147.2 146.2 145.8 155 3 155 7
Other paper and allied products..............
131.2 129.8 128.4 128.3 128.0 129.0 129.6 128.0 126.5 126.9 126.3 127.8 133.6
134.0
Printing, publishing and allied industries. 858.5 857.8 853.2 851.3 857.4 856.8 858.3 854.8 847.8 844.2 847.2 845.5 850.9 857.9 850. 8
Newspapers___________________________ 318.1 317.1 316.4 318.1 318.8 318.2 316.1 315.7 315.8 316.9 316.1 314.9 315.0 311.9
Periodicals_______ _____________________
62.0
61.8
61.9
61.7
62.6
63.0
62.4
60.0
59.5
60.1
60.8
61.5
61.7
64.4
Books________________________________
56. 5 56.4
56.2
56.1
55.6
55.3
55.4
54.8
54.3
54.0
54.3
54.7
65. 5
53 6
Commercial printing........ ................. ......... .
222.3 220.3 220.5 221.7 219.9 221.5 220.7 218.1 218.0 219.5 219.1 221.5 223 9 221.2
Lithographing_________________________
65.8
65.3
65.1
66.8
66.4
66.2
65.2
65.6
65.0
65.4
65.2
65.4
66
7
64.3
Greeting cards_________________________
19.7
19.5
19.6
20.5
21.9
22.4
21.1
21.7
20.5
20.5
18.8
18.3
19 5 19.6
Bookbinding and related industries.............
44.6
45.2
44.2
44.4
44.0
45.4
44.2
45.4
44.2
44.4
43.9
44.4
46.1
46.0
Miscellaneous publishing and printing
services_________________ ____________
68.4
67.4
68.0
68.1
67.6
67.5
67.5
67.5
66.8
66.6
67.1
70.2
69.5
69.5
Chemicals and allied products________ 844.6 838.2
Industrial inorganic chemicals_____________ 101.1
Industrial organic chemicals................. ........... 317.7
Drugs and medicines...... ................. ................. 104.1
Soap, cleaning and polishing prepara
tions___ ____ _______________________
50.4
Paints, pigments, and fillers.............................
74.1
Gum and wood chemicals________________
7.6
Fertilizers_____________________________
42.2
Vegetable and animal oils and fats___ ______
39.2
Miscellaneous chemicals___________ ______ 101.8
827.9
100.7
314.9
103.6
823.5
100.5
313.6
103.4
823.7
99.9
312.8
103.0
823.7
100.5
312.2
102.7
825.1
100.0
311.3
102.7
821.4
100.7
311.1
103.2
816.0
101.0
310.4
103.9
805.9
100.8
305.9
103.7
809.0
101.7
305.8
102.9
816. 8
102.1
306.1
102.6
826.6
103.7
309.0
102.9
844 8
108 2
323 6
100.0
833.2
108.6
318.1
96.7
50.3
73.7
7.5
36.7
39.9
100.6
50.2
73.5
7.5
35.2
40.5
99.1
50.3
73.7
7.6
33.2
41.7
101.5
50.5
73.7
7.6
32.0
42.8
101.7
50.9
73.8
7.8
34.1
42.8
101.7
51.1
74.0
7.8
32.9
38.9
101.7
50.0
74.4
7.8
30.9
36.0
101.6
49.2
73.4
7.9
30.2
35.3
99.5
48.5
72.3
7.7
33.7
36.1
100.3
47.9
71.2
8.0
42.7
35.8
100.4
47.8
71.6
7.9
46.3
36.5
100.9
50.0
75.4
85
35.8
40 5
102.8
60.1
75.6
8.4
36.0
40.9
98.8
Products of petroleum and coal................. 231.7
Petroleum refining_________________ ______
Coke, other petroleum and coal
products__________________________ ____
232.9
185.5
227.2
181.5
232.3
186.6
233.6
187.5
235.1
188.5
233.1
186.0
238.7
191.5
239.2
192.9
239.7
193.5
239.1
192.6
238.3
192.9
237.9
193.3
249. 5
199.1
252.1
200.8
47.4
45.7
45.7
46.1
46.6
47.1
47.2
46.3
46.2
46.5
45.4
44.6
50.4
51.3
Rubber products . ................... ................ 241.7
Tires and inner tubes_____________________
Rubber footwear..................................................
Other rubber products......... ..............................
261.2
104.6
21.4
135.2
258.4
102.7
21.3
134.4
258.8
103.8
21.2
133.8
257.2
103.4
21.2
132.6
253.7
102.1
21.2
130.4
252. 8
101.0
21.4
130.4
245.3
99.7
21.1
124.5
238.9
98.1
20.6
120.2
233.0
96.6
20.1
116.3
233. 5
96.8
20.5
116.2
230.5
96.3
20.6
113.6
234.7
98.4
20.7
115.6
265.2
110.0
21.9
133.3
269.2
111.5
24.1
133.0
Leather and leather products____ ___ . . .
Leather: tanned, curried, and finished.
Industrial leather belting and packing.
Boot and shoe cut stock and findings...
Footwear (except rubber)......................
Luggage...... .................. ..........................
Handbags and small leather goods........
Gloves and miscellaneous leather goods.
8ee footnotes at end of table.
371.4
37.7
4.8
19.4
249.0
14.7
31.5
14.3
373.1
38.1
4.7
19.4
250.7
14.8
31.8
13.6
369.3
38.3
4.6
19.7
249.0
14.5
30.8
12.4
368.3
38.4
4.5
19.5
245.2
15.3
31.9
13.5
363.9
38.2
4.4
18.6
238.6
16.0
33.5
14.6
354.2
37.9
4.3
17.8
230.0
16.0
33.2
15.0
360.3 362.5
37.8
37.3
4.1
3.9
18.4
17.6
237.1 240.6
15.8
15.8
32.7! 31.4
15.21 15.1
354.5
36.3
3.7
18.1
238.8
14.7
28.0
14.9
353.3
37.8
3.6
18.1
237.2
14.8
27.3
14.5
340.6
37.2
3.7
17.3
229.5
14.4
24.6
13.9
339.4
37.3
3.9
17.1
226.9
14.2
29.5
13.5
369.9
40. 7
4.6
18.9
243.8
15.6
30.1
16.2
379.8
42.7
5.0
19.8
246.3
16 3
32 8
16.9
506747— 5,9-
-5
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
364.7
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
692
T able A-2.
Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry 1—Continued
[In thousands]
Annual
average
1958
1959
Industry
Apr.2 M ar.2 Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1957
1956
3,877 3,865 3,835 3,836 3,881 3,885 3,897 3,886 3,897 3,907 3,904 3,874 3,883 4,151 4,161
Transportation and public utilities— ----Transportation _ ___________________ 2, 542 2,532 2,499 2,498 2,538 2, 536 2, 546 2, 523 2, 520 2,526 2,527 2, 499 2,503 2,741 2, 773
936.7 930.9 928. 5 952.0 951.0 961.0 959. 8 957.9 957.9 957.1 945.8 951.9 1,123.4 1,190.5
_________
Interstate railroads
817.3 811.8 810.7 824.0 831.1 841.5 839.9 844.4 837. 5 836.5 825.5 828.8 984.8 1.042.6
95.4
95.9
96.7
97.0 103.6 109.5
95.1
92.6
93.3
93.0
94.2
94.1
94.7
94.0
Local railways and buslines__________
822.7 810.2 802.5 830.0 822.6 811.2 781.3 787.0 790.7 790.4 774.2 770.4 812.3 803.6
Trucking and warehousing____________
683.4
683.6
701.8 669.1
672.4
681.8
682.0
664.2
673.9
662.4 668.3 679.9 686.9
679.5
Other transportation and services ___
42.1
41.4
43.2
42.9
43.2
42.8
42.0
38.9
40.3
38.8
40.3
41.3
42.5
39.9
Busline** except local
________
141.2
141.0
143.3
144.6
130.5
142.7
140.6
142.0
142.0 140.1
124.6 134.6 141.1 141.3
Air transportation (common carrier)...
Pipe-line transportation (except nat25.7
26.4
26.7
26.5
25.8
26.4
25.9
24.9
25.0
25.2
25.4
25.8
25.0
25.1
ural pas)
___ _____ _
772
783
764
769
777
810
795
744
757
742
743
751
747
752
dommnnioatlon_____________________ 742
737.9
743.5
730.3
768.2
725.6
732.7
751.2
704.1 705.0 706.0 709.1 712.6 713.7 718.8
Telephone ______________________
38.3
38.6
38.5
41.4
38.5
37.8
42.6
37.2
37.4
37.0
37.0
37.7
37.3
37.5
Telegraph
_____________
597
612
605
598
600
613
593
594
593
598
606
593
591
596
599
Other public utilities. ______________
568.4 570.6 571.5 573.8 575.2 576.5 582.7 589.1 588.8 581.9 575.4 574.4 577.2 569.1
firm end electric Utilities____________
251.8 254.1 254.3 254.9 255.8 256. 6 259.4 261.9 262.0 260.0 257.7 257.6 258. 7 250. 2
Electric light and power utilities
150.9 150.5 150.8 151.5 151.5 151.8 153.4 155.6 155.1 152.3 149.8 149.3 149.0 145.3
rtannt.ll1t.ies
____ ___ _
Electric light and gas utilities com165.7 166.0 166.4 167.4 167.9 168.1 169.9 171.6 171.7 169.6 167.9 167. 5 169. 5 173.6
Local utliities, not elsewhere classi23.5
23. 2 23.0
23. 0 23.0
23.5
23.6
22. 5 22.5
22.7
23.1
22.8
22.4
22.9
flod
_______________
Wholesale and retail trade_____________ 11,099 11,069 10,990 11,052 11,976 11,382 11,225 11,151 11,011 10,984 11,035 10,961 10,940 11,302 11,221
Wholesale trade. .. - --------------------- 3,016 3,016 3,025 3,028 3,065 3,052 3,039 3,016 2,994 2,989 2,980 2,960 2,982 3,065 3,008
Wholesalers, full-service and limited
1,777.0 1,775. 7 1, 775. 2 1,801. 0 1, 791.2 1, 776. 6 1, 762. 7 1, 744. 6 1,737.1 1, 730. 2 1,713.9 1,722. 5 1, 772.1 1, 754.0
function
__________________
130.7 130.1 129.5 129.1 128.8 127.9 127.8 127.6 127.4 126.3 124.1 124.3 123.3 118.8
Automotive
_ _____________
Groceries, food specialties,beer, wines.
306.3 308.3 307.4 312.6 311.9 307.7 306.1 299.0 300.8 297.4 293.5 297. 8 303.4 305.0
and liquors
______
Electrical goods, machinery, hardware,
439.9 438.8 438.9 440.5 439.7 438.2 437.4 437.0 436.1 435.9 434.2 436.5 457.1 455.2
and plumbing equipment ____ _
Other full-service and limited-function
900.1 898.5 899.4 918.8 910.8 902.8 891.4 881.0 872.8 870.6 862.1 863.9 888.3 875.0
wholesalers
______________
1,238.9 1.249.0 1,252. 6 1,264. 4 1,261.0 1, 262. 8 1, 253. 2 1, 249. 7 1,252.2 1, 249. 8 1, 245. 7 1,259.4 1, 293.1 1, 254.3
Whnjpsala distributors, other________
Retail trade - --- ------------------ ------ 8,083 8,053 7,965 8,024 8,911 8, 330 8.186 8,135 8,017 7,995 8,055 8,001 7, 958 8,237 8,213
General merchandise stores--------------- 1,390.0 1,383.4 1,348. 9 1,397. 2 1,942. 6 1, 575.3 1, 473.8 1, 420.8 1, 350.9 1,336.7 1, 361.0 1,358. 4 1,351.5 1,457.1 1,455.7
Department stores and general mail885.8 870.0 908. £ 1,260.1 1,022.7 946.1 908.1 870.8 863.5 876.7 872.4 864.5 944.4 943.8
order houses _ _._____________
497.6 478.9 488.3 682.5 552.6 527.7 512.7 480.1 473.2 484.3 486.0 487.0 512.7 511.9
Other genera] merchandise stores. ...
1.588.C
1,594.
4 1, 597. 9 1, 582. 5 1,629.6 1, 610. 8 1, 597. 3 1, 595. 5 1.582.1 1, 590. 7 1, 594.1 1, 593. 6 1,591.7 1,573. 9 1, 542. 4
Food and liquor stores ____
1,162.7 1,162. 0 1,152. 0 1,179. 7 1, 168.6 1,156. 4 1,146. 7 1.130.6 1,139.1 1,140. 1 1,140. 7 1,139.3 1,106. 9 1.076.9
Orocery, meat, and vegetable markets.
218. 4 218. 5 218.8 220. C 221.0 222.4 230.2 234.3 234.0 233.2 229.6 227.6 234. 3 231. 9
Dairy product, stores and dealers___
213.3 217.4 211.7 229.9 221.2 218.5 218.6 217.2 217.6 220.8 223.3 224.8 232.7 233.0
Other food and liquor stores----------776. C 772.1 768.1 766.3 781.2 763.0 754. 5 755.0 756.6 755.2 755.7 756. 6 757.2 804.2 809.0
Automotive and accessories dealers—
594.1 596.4 564.3 582. 0 717.2 619.3 602. 5 590.4 546.7 552.4 591.8 586.7 583. 7 604.6 610 3
Apparel and accessories stores_______
Other retail trade. . ---- ------------ 3,735.1 3, 706. 8 3,686. C3, 696. 2 3, 840.1 3, 761. 7 3, 757. 5 3. 773. 6 3, 780.9 3, 759. 6 3. 752.0 3, 705. 4 3,673.9 3, 796. 8 3, 795. 4
389.2 389.0 390.8 410.7 397. 2 392 4 388.5 385.1 384.5 385.6 385.0 385. 4 394.8 395.8
Furniture and appliance stores_____
359.2 359.6 357.9 393.7 360.1 356.9 355.2 353.2 352.9 351. £ 349.3 347.7 354.7 341.2
Drug stores
_________ -____
Finance, insurance, and real estate-------Ranks and trust companies.
_____
Security dealers and exchanges__ _____
Insurance cat riers and agents. _ --------Other finance agencies and real estate----
2,404
2,386
625.8
91.3
896.2
772.3
2,371
622.4
89.9
893.2
765.0
2,363
618. £
87. 1
891.0
765.8
2,373
618.6
86.8
892.3
775.3
2,374
616.5
85. £
892.3
778.9
2,380
615. 5
85.2
894.2
785.0
2,392
616.4
84.8
900.3
790.8
2,413
621.9
85.6
906.1
799.2
2,410
621.6
85.2
903.7
799.6
2,391
615.0
83.8
895.6
796.3
2,370
610.4
83.3
892.3
783.5
2,356
612.2
83.2
893.8
766.8
2,348
602.8
83.8
869.6
792.0
Service and miscellaneous-------- -----------Hotels and lodging places_______ _ __
Personal services:
_______________
Laundries
Clean in p and dyeing p la n ts ________
Motion pictures ______________ --
6,504
6,378
469.1
6,333
466.5
6,314
460. £
6,384
467.6
6,426
473.6
6,463
478.6
6,472
526.6
6,452
608.3
6,465
607.0
6,488
538.1
6,455
510.0
6,384
499.9
6,336 6,160
531. C 516.4
305. c
166.9
180.9
304.3
164.6
177.9
306.5
165.9
176.9
307.5
166.9
179.2
309. C 311. C 311.6
168.5 169.8 166.5
183.1 191. £ 195.3
314. 3
163.1
195.6
317.7
167.1
193.9
318.1
173 4
192.6
314.1
172.1
193.5
310.6
168. f
192.9
326.3
169.8
204.1
2,308
578.7
82.4
825.9
821.1
332.3
165.8
223.4
8,138 8,097 8,066 8,024 8,373 8,074 8,040 7,943 7,678 7,664 7,866 7,870 7,850 7,626 7,277
Government___________________ ____ —
Federal *
_________ ____ - 2,159 2,157 2,155 2,157 2, 487 2,172 2,173 2, 174 2,192 2,192 2, 184 2,151 2,150 2,217 2,209
2,129.4 2,127. 5 2,129. 6 2, 460.4 2,145. 5 2,145. 6 2, 146.8 2.164.6 2,164. 7 2,156.8 2,123. 8 2,123. 5 2,190. 2 2,183.1
Executive
__ ______________
946.2 948.9 954. 2 958.5 961.6 963. ( 962. 5 967.6 968.8 966 5 958 3 956.9 1,007.3 1,034.1
Department of Defense___________
540.6 539.3 540.0 861.0 542.7 538.8 539.0 541.6 538.9 535.9 528.2 530.5 551.4 535.3
Post Office Departm ent--------- ----642.6 639.3 635. 4 640. £ 641.2 643.8 645. 3 655.4 657.0 654 4 637.3 636. 1 631. 5 613.7
Other agencies_______ ___________
22.2
22.3
22.0
21.9
22.1
22.2
22.1
22. 1 22.2
21.9
22.0
22.3
22.4
22.3
Legislative_______________________
4.7
4.8
4.7
4.6
4.8
4.7
4.7
4.6
4.3
4.8
4.8
4.8
4.8
4.8
Judicial
- ___________________
5,682
5,472
5,719
5,486
5,700
5,
409
5,068
State and local *__________________ _ 5,979 5,940 5. 911 5.867 5,886 5,902 5. 867 5, 769
1,534.0 1,525.5 1, 516. 2 1, 517.'? 1,517.6 1.517.1 1, 476. î 1, 443. 9 1. 443. 7 1, 466. 7 1. 473.1 1,462.9 1,382.9 1,300. (
State
______________________
4,405.9 4, 385. 7 4, 350. 6 4. 368. ] 4, 384.1 4, 349. 7 4, 292. 7 4,041.9 4, 027.9 4. 215. 0 4,245. 5 4. 237.1 4,025. 7 3, 767.8
Local
- _________ __________
2, 773.2 2, 771.4 2, 735. 5 2, 742. 5 2, 742. 6 2,716 7 2, 573 9 2, 230. 2 2,223.2 2, 483. 2 2,608.6 2.617.6 2. 401. 8 2, 219.7
Education_____________________ 3,166. 7 3,139.8 3,131. 3 3,143.0 3,159.1 3,150.1 3,195. 1 3,255. 6 3, 248. 4 3,198. 5 3,110.0 3, 082. 4 3,006. 8 2,848.7
Other---- ----------- -------------------------1 Beginning with the August 1958 issue, figures for 1956-58 differ from those
previously published because of the adjustment of the employment estimates
to 1st quarter 1957 benchmark levels indicated by data from government
social Insurance programs. Statistics from 1957 forward are subject to revi
sion when new benchmarks become available.
These series are based upon establishment reports which cover all full- and
part-time employees in nonagricultural establishments who worked during,
or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the
month. Therefore, persons who worked in more than one establishment
during the reporting period are counted more than once. Proprietors, selfemployed persons, unpaid family workers, and domestic servants are ex
cluded
2 Preliminary.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
» Data for Federal establishments refer to continental United States; they
relate to civilian employees who worked on, or received pay for, the last day
of the month.
* 8tate and local government data exclude, as nominal employees, elected
officials of small local units and paid volunteer firemen.
N o t e : For a description of these series, see Techniques of Preparing Major
BUS Statistical Series, BLS Bull. 1168 (1954).
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics for all
series except those for the Federal Government, which is prepared by th
U.S. Civil Service Commission, and that for Class I railroads, which is
prepared by the U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission.
A.—EMPLOYMENT
T able A-3.
693
Production or nonsupervisory workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry
[In thousands]
1959
Annual
average
Industry
Jan.
M ining_________
M etal...............
Iron..................
Copper.............
Lead and zinc..
A nthracite.........
Bituminous coal.
Crude-petroleum and natural-gas pro
duction________________________
Petroleum and natural-gas production
(except contract services)_________
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying____
Contract construction. _________________
Nonbuilding construction____________
Highway and street construction_____
Other nonbuilding construction______
Building construction_______ ________
General contractors________________
Special-trade contractors____________
Plumbing and heating...................... .
Painting and decorating.....................
Electrical work__________________
Other special-trade contractors.........
Manufacturing___ _____________________
Durable goods._____ ____________
Nondurable goods_______________
542
76.7
27.7
23.8
547
77.4
26.6
25.2
10.0
10.2
14.6
160.6
16.2
167.9
55r
77.
26.4
25.
10. a
17. €
171.4
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
566
561!
561
76. £ 77.
73.
26."
25.
27.:
25. C 24.1
22.
10.2
9.7
8.
17.8
17.7
17.
171.4 169.
168.
Sept.
564
7 4 .:
27.3
23.
9.2
16.7
166.2
Aug.
July
55<
72.
25.:
22.'
9.3
16.2
163.3
55f
56«
73.
76.
25.
25.
22.
22. £
9.7
10.8
17.5
17.4
158. C 169.2
June
May
Apr.
1957
1956
56
75.
24.
22. £
il :
18.:
h i .:
56
74.
22.!
22.
11.4
17. £
177.:
66
94.
33.
27.,
14.
26.4
208.4
673
92.9
30.4
28.3
14.9
26.8
208.8
202.5
201.1 205.6 209.7 205.8 205.7 210.8 213.3 211.8 211.4 206.2 206.7 238.
245.4
105.2 105.4 106.3 108.0 108.1 109.3 112.9 115.2 115.6 114.8 112.3 113.1 122.6 128.0
84.2
'87.2
85.1
89.7
93.4
95.1
94.8
93.9
95.5
92.6
94.8
90.6
96.3
98.0
2, 036 1,889 1,975 2,115 2,407 2,508 2,544 2,570 2,503 2,432 2,318 2,132 2,442 2.559
395
434
347 366
532
580
581
598
596
573
538
448
515
168.2 140.6 151.8 192.9 261.8 292.Í 303.4 301. C 293.0 285.6 255.8 191.1 226.8 520
234.8
226.5 206.8 214.0 241.1 269.8 287.5 294.7 294.8 288.4 287.4 282. 1 257. : 288.5 284.8
1.641 1, 542 , 609 1,681 1,875 1,928 1,946 1,974 1,922 1,859 1,780 1,684 1,927 2,039
580.6 535.0 562.3 589.0 680.6 698.5 709.1 730. 1 717.0 695.5 670.1 627.9 772.6 868.0
1, 060. 1,006.6 , 046. 5 1,092.0 1,194. 2 1, 229.9 1, 236.9 1, 244. C 1,204. 5 1,163. 9 1,110.0 1,056.5 1.154 1 1,170.0
235.1 230.7 238. 7 250.9 257.6 265.8 263.6 260.3 253. 7 243.3 230.4 227.8 265.9 271.9
136.2 124.6 130.9 146.9 164.4 172.2 176.3 183.9 180.2 163.5 155.1 137.1 150.1 157.4
127.8 130. 5 135.4 141.4 143.8 148.4 151.6 146.5 138.9 132. 5 128.9 127.1 151.7 149.7
561.2 520.8 541. 5 552.8 628.4 643.5 645.4 653.3 631.7 624.6 595.6 564.5 586.4 591.0
12,130 12,114 11,937 11,855 11,930 11, 981 11,721 11,940 11,645 11,353 11,415 11,245 11,310 12,911 13,195
6, 990 6,934 6, 794
739 6,740 6, 742 6,421 6,579 6, 339 6,270 6,350 6, 269 6,337 7,523 7,667
5,140 5,180 5,143
116 5,190 5,239 5,300 5,361 5,306 5,083 5,065 4,976 4, 973 5,388 5, 528
Durable good»
Ordnance and accessories_____________
72.7
Lumber and wood products (except fur
niture)................................................... 557.7
Logging camps and contractors.............
Sawmills and planing mills__________
Mill work, plywood, and prefabricated
structural wood products__________
Wooden containers______________
Miscellaneous wood products________
Furniture and fixtures________________ 314.8
Household furniture________________
Office, public-building, and professional
furniture________________________
Partitions, shelving, lockers, and fix
tures___________________________
Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous fur
niture and fixtures_______________
Stone, clay, and glass products................. 440.7
Flat glass.............. ................... ............
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown..
Glass products made of purchased glass.
Cement, hydraulic..................................
Structural clay products____________
Pottery and related products________
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products.
Cut-stone and stone products________
Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral
products...............................................
Primary metal industries_____________ 1, 038.6
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling
mills___________________________
Iron and steel foundries_____________
Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals___________________
Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals___________________
Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals____________________
Nonferrous foundries_______________
Miscellaneous primary metal lndustries.
Fabricated metal products (except ord
nance, machinery, and transporta
841.5
tion equipment)_________________
Tin cans and other tinware__________
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware.........
Heating apparatus (except electric) and
plumbers’ supplies_______________
Fabricated structural metal products..
Metal stamping, coating, and engraving.
Lighting fixtures.______ ___________
Fabricated wire products___________
Miscellaneous fabricated metal prod
ucts____________________________
See footnotes at end of table.
506747-59-
-6
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
73.5
72.0
72.9
72.8
71.4
66.6
68.4
66.8
67.0
68.3
67.8
69.0
76.9
83.8
549.8
75.2
276.1
536.7
69.5
272.6
547.0
75.3
274.9
564.7
83.3
282.0
579.4
90.0
289.6
594.4
94.2
297.5
590.1
93.1
297.3
580.6
88.4
296.8
572.0
86.5
292.9
578.3
93.8
290.9
542.4
74.9
279.7
520.3
65.5
269.1
588.3
80.1
303.5
666.7
100.3
349.2
109.8
40.2
48.5
315.2
237.0
107.4
39.8
47.4
315.1
237.4
109.5 111.9
40. 4 40.8
46.9
46.7
312.6 308.6
234. 6 230.0
112.2
40.9
46.7
312.3
233.6
114.0
41.8
46.9
313.2
234.4
112.4
41.2
46.1
309.8
229.6
110.5
39.5
45.4
300.5
221.9
107.3
40.5
44.8
285.5
211.7
106.9
41.3
45.4
286.8
210.4
101.6
40.9
45.3
283.5
208.4
100.1
39.9
45.7
283.2
208.9
108.3
45.5
50.9
314.2
228.9
114.7
50.2
52.3
319.2
230.9
35.0
34.6
34.6
34.9
35.2
35.0
36.0
35.1
32.0
32.9
32.7
33.5
38.2
39.1
24.5
25.0
25.3
25.7
25.6
25.8
26.5
26.2
24.8
25.2
24.8
24.8
28.4
28.0
18.7
432.5
29.5
82.0
15.2
33.4
61.1
39.3
87.
15.3
18.1
412.9
20.5
80.3
14.6
31.5
59.0
38.8
85.8
15.3
18.1
411.3
19. 9
79.0
14. 4
32.3
60. 4
38.3
85. 2
15. 4
18.0
421.9
19.7
81.3
14.3
34.4
64. 4
38.7
87.8
15.8
17.9
426.2
18.8
82.1
14.3
35.0
65.5
38.9
90.3
16.0
18.0
422.3
12.1
83.2
14.2
35.4
66.2
38.4
91.7
16.4
17.7
438.1
28.0
83.9
13.7
35.7
66.1
37.7
94.0
16.5
17.3
429.7
26.4
82.2
13.1
35.3
66.3
36.6
93.0
15.6
17.0
422.0
24.4
82.2
12.7
35.2
65.4
35.8
90.3
16.1
18.3
416.6
23.9
80.8
12.5
35.7
63.3
35.7
88.4
16.9
17.6
404.9
22.4
78.4
12.2
35.3
61.7
35.4
85.2
15.3
16.0
402.2
23.5
77.4
12.3
33.8
60.4
37.5
82.1
15.7
18.7
456.0
30.9
83.4
15.0
35.0
70.3
43.3
90.6
16.5
20.0
470.7
31.4
81.0
15 1
36.7
76.8
47.0
95.1
17.0
68.8
, 013.5
67.1
979.3
66.4
952.3
65.5
943.4
65.3
929.8
64.7
898.6
62.5
896.5
61.2
863.8
59.9
851.9
60.3
859.3
59.0
840.4
59.5
71.0
70.0
848.5 l, 081.6 1,097.4
513.9
189.8
489.4
184.4
468.6
180.5
464.4
178.2
459.3
174.2
457.1
158.5
444.9
164.8
428.0
155.9
419.1
159.2
424.6
159.8
408.3
159.8
407.3
163.5
537.0
201.6
42.4
42.5
42.5
42.8
41.9
41.1
40.8
41.1
40.8
41.0
42.3
43.8
53.5
54.5
9.0
8.9
8.9
8.7
8.7
8.4
8.2
8.1
7.9
7.7
7.7
7.9
9.8
10.5
86.9
52.3
119.2
84.8
51.6
117.7
84.9
51.2
115.7
84.8
50.8
113.7
83.6
50.3
111.8
81.9
47.6
104.0
81.0
47.7
109.1
80.3
44.9
105.5
79.1
42.3
103.5
78.3
43.6
104.3
76.5
42.7
103.1
78.7
43.9
103.4
89.2
58.6
131.9
93.6
64.2
130.3
830.1
49.5
108.0
816.7
49.3
107.6
819.6
48. 2
108.6
824.3
47.8
109.0
827.1
50.6
107.0
791.2
51.7
87.6
821.6
54.4
103.6
788.3
55.3
96.6
764.9
53.4
93.4
772.6
52.3
96.7
755.9
50.0
93.4
765.8
48.9
94.8
892.5
51.4
115.5
890.5
51.2
120.4
88.6
204.4
188.4
37.8
46.2
86.7
203.0
182.4
37.4
45.4
82.5
206.1
186.1
37.4
45.8
82.4
211.7
186.5
37.6
44.9
86.1
214.7
183.1
37.5
45.1
87.8
219.9
166.2
32.8
44.4
86.5
224.8
175.6
35.9
42.3
84.1
223.8
160.9
33.2
40.7
80.4
220.5
158.1
31.6
39.2
81.4
218.9
161.4
32.2
39.7
80.3
214.8
158.3
31.2
38.9
82.6
216.0
159.5
32.2
39.0
83.9
241.8
201.3
40.8
47.9
93.8
225.5
197.4
40.4
50.8
107.2
104.9, 104.9
104.4
103.0
100.8
98.5
93.7
88.3
90.0
89.0
92.8
109.9
111.0
532.0
211.7
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
694
T able A-3.
Production or nonsupervisory workers in nonagricultural establishments, by
industry 1—Continued
[In thousands]
1959
1958
Annual
average
Industry
Apr.2 M ar.2 Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1957
1956
Manufacturing—Continued
Durable pood«—Continued
Machinery (except electrical)........ ........... 1,120.1 1,111.3 1,089.7 1,057.3 1,038.2 1,020.1 1,004. 5 1,007.0
61.5
62.3
61.1
58.6
64.6
56.9
63.5
Engines and turbines_______________
84.0
83.1
91.7
96.9
95.3
114.7 110.5
Agricultural machinery and tractors__
76.2
84.9
81.9
78.4
88.9
77.3
Construction and mining machinery__
86.6
167.3 163.6 159.9 157.8 155.0 149.1 150.5
Metalworking machinery......................
Special-industry machinery (except
111.0 109. 5 107.7 107.0 106.2 105.0 105.3
metalworking machinery)_________
135.6 134.3 134.4 133.7 132.9 131.7 132.0
General Industrial machinery................
88.4
87.8
88.5
88.6
87.7
86.3
Office and store machines and devices..
88.0
Service-industry and household ma138.3 136.1 132.7 129.0 125.7 121.4 120.1
chines__________________________
202.3 197.6 195.9 194.9 190.9 178.5 180.5
Miscellaneous machinery parts______
802.3
Electrical machinery— ................... .........
Electrical generating, transmission,
distribution, and industrial apparatus _________________________
__
.
Fllentrionl appliances
Insulated wire and cable____________
Electrical equipment for vehicles_____
Electric lamps ___________________
Communication equipment- ________
Miscellaneous electrical products_____
976.8
56.8
91.8
79.5
145.6
990.2 1.014.1 1,028.6 1,060.8 1,255.7 1,278.7
56.5
58.1
60.8
62.3
68.3
61.2
94.0
94.5
95.2 101.0 105.7 108.4
80.1
79.8
79.8
84.3 109.4 111.8
151.7 157.6 164.0 168.7 218.2 218.7
104.5
130.3
82.7
103.7
131.0
82.1
105.8
136.2
83.1
107.5
137.2
81.7
110.1
140.7
81.3
125.9
166.3
99.2
133.3
172.7
95.2
113.3
172.3
118.5
172.9
120.7
178.3
121.7
180.4
125.8
186.6
141.2
221. 5
160.1
217.3
800.5
795.5
791.3
788.9
788.2
746.0
762.2
734.0
711.6
716.4
715.3
729.2
857.7
870.3
263.0
26.9
21.7
55.5
22.4
376.4
34.6
259.4
26.2
21.6
55.3
22.4
375.2
35.4
261.9
26.2
21.9
51.3
22.4
373.4
34.2
258.3
26.8
21.7
50.8
22.3
375.1
33.9
253.9
27.9
21.3
53.1
22.1
375.7
34.2
237. 7 244.2
25.5
26.3
20.2
20.9
49.2
35.9
21.4
21.8
372.0 368.4
31.4
33.3
238.6
24.1
18.6
44.3
21.3
354.9
32.2
235.1
23.0
17.3
43.3
20.8
340.6
31.5
237.7
22.8
18.5
43.5
21.6
339.7
32.6
239.6
24.4
17.7
43.1
22.3
336.1
32.1
245.9
25.6
18.3
45.6
22.8
338.7
32.3
288. 4
31.2
20.9
59.3
26.1
395.8
36.0
297.2
39.6
20 9
59.0
25.1
392.0
36.5
Transportation equipment........................ 1,218. 7 1,224.1 1,203.3 1,215.6 1,207.6 1,199. 0
Motor vehicles and equipment_______
588.8 567.8 580. 5 566.8 554.1
470.6 473.2 474.5 482.9 483.7
Aircraft and parts__________________
285.3 287.6 288.2 292.4 293.3
Aircraft. _______________________
88.4
90.6
90.5
88.3
Aircraft engines and p a r ts ________
88.7
9.6
10.1
Aircraft propellers and parts_______
9.8
10.2
9.6
87.2
89.8
Other aircraft parts and equipm ent..
88.3
87.3
89.7
Ship and boat building and repairing__
122.8 120.1 121.2 118.6 122.4
103.9 101.7 103.9 101.6 106.4
Shipbuilding and repairing!----- . . . . .
17.3
16.0
18.9
18.4
17.0
Boatbuilding and repairing...... ........ .
34. 7 32.5
33.9
32.1
30.7
Railroad equipment___ ____________
6.9
7.2
8.1
Other transportation equipment_____
8.0
7.5
991.5 1,100.1 1,033.6 1,062.9 1,083.8 1,081.2 1,103.0 1,383.6 1, 354.1
357.8 462.9 402.2 432.7 443.6 446.3 453.5 630.1 648. 5
480.8 480.4 474.1 471.3 476.2 467.7 479.3 563.6 537 4
291.0 291.7 291.4 289.1 291.6 281.5 292.7 340.9 326.8
87.7
89.2
87.9
88.7
89.5 111.3 105.3
90.3
90.9
11.1
10.4
11.9
12.8
13.3
13.8
11.0
13.9
11.3
83.9
89.1
82.4
83.1
83.3
86.8
83.7
97. 5 94.0
118.4 118.0 118.1 119.2 123.9 123.6 121.8 127.2 111.4
103.7 104.4 105.0 104.5 107.6 105.4 103.8 108.5
93.9
13.1
16.4
18.2
14.7
13.6
14.7
18.0
18.7
17.5
37.0
41.8
26.1
32.7
33.0
30. 5 31.2
54. 7 48.6
8.4
8.0
7.0
7.2
6.6
6.6
8.3
8.0
8.2
215.7
212.6
209.1
209.6
209.0
207.2
204.9
199.2
195.9
199.1
200.4
204.1
226.2
230.3
33.5
32.9
32.5
32.1
32.0
31.7
31.6
30.8
30.6
31.2
31.4
31.8
36.6
37.7
60.7
10.4
59.3
10.2
57.2
10.1
57.2
10.0
57.5
10.0
56 8
9.6
56.0
9.5
53. 4
9.1
53.4
8.9
54.1
9.2
54.4
9.1
55.6
9.1
62.1
10.3
61.1
10.6
28.0
19.5
38.4
25.2
27.9
19.2
38.3
24.8
27.6
19.0
38.7
24.0
27.7
18.8
39.6
24.2
27.0
18.5
39.8
24.2
27.0
18.2
39.6
24.3
27.0
17.9
39.2
23.7
26.6
17.9
38.9
22.5
27.0
17.6
38.5
19.9
27.2
18.2
38.3
20.9
27.2
18.2
38.8
21.3
27.2
18.4
39.8
22.2
28.9
19.6
43.7
25.0
28.5
20.3
44.1
28.0
360.0 349.7
35.3
35.1
14.3
14.6
52.0
57.6
21. 5 21.2
48. 6 48.4
67.6
69.0
113.6 110.9
360.4
35.9
14.3
57.6
21.6
47.4
68.7
114.9
379.4
36.3
14.4
71.4
22.1
49.2
68. 4
117.6
365.6 346.2
33. 5 32.8
13.0
11.8
75.5
70.1
21.6
20.6
47. 9 43.1
64.0
61.6
110.1 106.2
354.5
33.4
12.9
70.7
22.8
44.5
61.0
109.2
348.1
32.8
13.0
67.5
23.1
42.3
59.9
109.5
350.6
33.4
13.3
64.7
23.3
43.2
61.8
110.9
390.6
36 3
15.3
75.6
24.0
49.2
7Î.6
118.6
405.1
39.9
15.7
79.6
23.8
52.3
70.2
123.6
949.6 1,001.0 1, 050.1 1,115.2 1,178. 4 1,172. 0 1,080. 6 1,038. 7
242. 5 250.2 250. 9 250. 5 249.0 246.0 243.8 243.1
71. 5 73.0
62.2
64 4 67.9
73.0
60. 8 62.2
128.7 148.2 178 1 237 1 311.8 306.9 220.2 176.8
78. 3 77.0
78. 4 81. 0 82. 5 82. 4 81.4
81.0
159. 4 162. 0 164 0 166 1 165 8 166.3 167.1 167.5
21. 6 21. 4
25 3
35. 5 40 4 36.8
23. 4 21.4
64. 5 67. 6 68.1
54.6
60.7
66. 5 61.5
58.0
102.8 108.7 114.8 115. 4 115. 2 117. 7 120.9 119. 5
98.3
98.4
92.7
96.3
98.0
91.1
93.7
95.8
977.5
238.6
69. 8
141.1
78.4
164 2
22.1
56.7
111.8
94.8
948.5 1,065. 7 1,104.0
230.8 259.2 268.8
65.8
69. 6
72.1
136.7 187 7 201.5
77. 7 79. 5 83.5
162.8 169.9 172.0
20.4
26 1 26.4
57.2
63. 5 64.3
105.6 116.1 119.7
91.5
94.1
95.7
Instruments and related products--------Laboratory, scientific and engineering
in strum ents____________________
Mechanical measuring and controlling
instrum ents.— __________________
Optical Instruments and lenses---------Surgical, medical, and dental instruments . . _____________________
Ophthalmic goods _________________
Photographic apparatus------------------Watches and clocks________________
215.3
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries.
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware...
Musical instruments and parts_______
Toys and sporting goods.!.....................
Pens, pencils, other office supplies____
Costume jewelry, buttons, notions___
Fabricated plastics products_________
Other manufacturing industries______
367.4
367.6
35.0
14.7
61.0
22.0
48.2
70.7
116.0
958.3
946.7 942.6
239. 5 239.0
62.4
61.3
134.4 129 2
78.4
78 6
157.6 159 0
20. 5 21 3
56.4
59. 5
104.8 102 6
92.1
92.7
385.8 380.0
36 2 35.6
14 2 13.7
78.8
79.0
21.6
22.2
49 9 49.1
68 3 66. 7
116.2 114.3
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products___________
Meat products____________________
Dairy products____________________
Canning and preserving____________
Grain-mill products________________
Bakery products___________________
Sugar____________________________
Confectionery and related products___
Beverages_____________ 1__________
Miscellaneous food products............. ....
Tobacco manufactures_______________
Cigarettes________________________
Cigars............. ..................... ....................
Tobacco and snuff_____ ___________
Tobacco stemming and redrying_____
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
—
69.0
__
...................
72.0
32.3
25.6
5.5
8.6
76.4
32.2
25. 7
5.4
13.1
78.8
32.0
25.6
5. 4
15.8
83.0
32.1
27.0
5. 4
18.5
85.0
32.2
27.3
5. 4
20.1
93.6
31. 7
27. 4
5. 5
29.0
96.1
32.0
27.0
5. 5
31.6
85.5
32.0
26.9
5. 4
21.2
69.5
31.3
26.1
5.4
6.7
70.2
31.5
27.1
5.4
6.2
69.8
31.1
27.0
5.4
6.3
70.1
30.9
27.0
5.4
6.8
84.4
30.2
30.9
5. 5
17.8
89.5
30.7
32.8
5.9
20.1
A.—EMPLOYMENT
T able A-3.
695
Production or nonsupervisory workers in nonagricultural establishments, by
industry ^C ontinu ed
[In thousands]
1959
Industry
Annual
1958
Apr.2 M ar.2 Feb.
Jan,
Dec.
855.5
4.9
862.2
4.9
101.5
371.8
25.2
190.2
74.7
38.6
8.7
46.6
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
average
July
June
M ay
Apr,
1957
1950
855.2
5.1
99.9
370.1
23.9
195.0
73.8
35.3
9.0
43.1
830.2
5.0
96.0
365.3
23.2
184.2
71.7
33.8
9.0
42.0
839.7
4.9
98.5
366.7
23.3
188.5
72.4
34.1
9.3
42.0
830.5
4.4
97.5
365.5
22.9
183.0
72.5
34.1
9.2
41.4
837.2
4.4
98.3
371.6
23.2
179.8
73.6
36.1
8.6
41.6
912.9
5. C
107.2
401.5
25.4
194.3
77.1
42.5
9.4
50.5
965.9
6.1
113.7
429.7
26.2
201.2
80.1
45, 7
10.8
52.4
051.2 1,055.3 1,044.3
93.8
97.4
95.0
992.0
90.8
993.6
95.1
984.7
93.3
986.7 1,064. 5 1,079.8
89.3 105.3 110.9
289.1
303.1
105.6
17.6
66.3
9.3
54.6
111.8
289.6
306.7
103.3
18.7
66.3
9.4
53.8
110.1
287.0
312.2
100.9
18.4
67.4
8.2
52.7
102.5
279.9
291.4
94.5
14.7
66.5
283.2
282.5
97.6
277.0
292.1
97.7
10.1
8.6
47.4
98.2
8.5
49.3
98.8
62.0
7.9
47.8
96.8
275.6
296.4
101.3
12.7
59.4
6.5
48.0
97.5
288.9
312.0
106.8
16.3
65.7
7.8
53.2
108.5
291.5
314.0
108.4
16.5
66.0
8.4
56.3
107 8
441.7
222.7
120.0
99.0
429.0
215.4
116.1
97.5
433.4
218.8
117.1
97.5
431.7
218.5
116.1
97.1
434.2
220.1
115.6
98.5
458.8
229.1
125.2
104.5
463.4
230. 4
127.2
105.8
541.7
156.3
24.7
33.3
175.1
49.4
15.4
35.7
537.2
155.7
24.1
32.9
174.6
49.1
14.7
34.7
541.0
157.5
24.6
33.1
176.0
49.3
14.7
34.8
540.4
157.4
25.6
33.3
175.7
49.6
13.2
34.2
544.7
155.9
25.8
33.7
178.1
49.6
12.8
34.8
553.2
156.1
25.6
35.2
181.3
50.7
13.8
37.0
549.6
155.1
27.8
33.4
179.0
48 5
14.1
37.2
Manu fac turing—C on t inued
N ondurable pood»—Continued
Textile-mill products_____________
Scouring and combing plants_____
Yarn and thread mills__________
Broad-woven fabric m ills...............
Narrow fabrics and small wares___
Knitting m ills..................................
Dyeing and finishing textiles_____
Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings.
Hats (except cloth and m illinery)..
Miscellaneous textile goods.............
869.8
866.8
4.7
100.9
371.4
25.6
192.7
76.1
40.0
8.9
46.5
860.0
4.7
99.8
370.3
25.5
189.3
75.4
39.9
9.0
46.1
100.0
370.7
25.2
185.9
74.5
39.0
8.8
46.5
867.0
4.8
101.7
372.1
24.8
195.3
74.6
38.2
8.9
46.6
Apparel and other finished textile prod
ucts....... ................................................ 1,049.4 1,085.8 1,078.3 1051.0 1,055.6 1, 053.3
97.9
97.3
M en’s and boys’ suits and coats_____
96.4
96.5
93.9
M en’s and boys’ furnishings and work
clothing................................................
298.6 293.5 286.6 288.1 287.6
324.5 323.4 310.2 311.1 308.2
Women’s outerwear________________
105.7 105.1 102.9 104.7 106.9
Women’s, children’s undergarments__
20.2
Millinery_________________________
21.0
18.3
16.3
14.5
66.6
Children’s outerwear.................. ...........
69.8
68.0
65.5
6.8 6.4 6.9 8.1 65.0
Fur goods....... ........................................
9.4
53.3
52.4
Miscellaneous apparel and accessories..
50.7
52.5
54.1
112.2
109.4 110.9 112.9 113.7
Other fabricated textile products....... .
Paper and allied products.......................... 443.5
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills_____
Paperboard containers and boxes______
Other paper and allied products..............
Printing, publishing, and allied indus
tries.....................................................
Newspapers_______ ____ __________
Periodicals______________ _________
Books............. ........................ ...............
Commercial printing_______________
Lithographing____________________
Greeting cards______ _____________
Bookbinding and related industries___
Miscellaneous publishing and printing
services________________________
863.3
4.8
100.8
370.9
24.7
197.0
73.8
37.5
8.6
45.2
859.9
4.8
100.6
371.1
24.5
196.0
73.4
36.7
8.6
44.2
442.3
440.1
440.2
442.7
220.6
120.0
220.1
220.8
101.7
100.6
99.3
122.5
99.4
445.9
222.5
124.3
99.1
446.5
220.8
120.1
100.1
447.0
222.5
124.0
100.5
545.0
157.3
26.3
34.6
176.9
49.1
13.7
34.9
543.5
156.3
26.2
34.3
177.9
48.7
13.6
34.7
549.7
159.4
25.3
33.7
178.9
50.5
14.6
34.8
548.0
159.7
25.7
33.2
176.8
50.2
15.7
34.9
550.6
159.4
26.3
33.3
178.6
50.1
16.2
34.9
547.6
157.1
26.1
33.8
177.5
49.6
15.8
35.9
119.4
222.2
124.2
11.8
66.8
551.5
550.9
158.7
27.2
35.2
178.5
49.4
13.7
35.4
52.8
52.2
51.8
52.5
51.8
51.8
51.8
51.8
51.4
51.0
51.4
54.0
53.5
53.9
Chemicals and allied products________
Industrial inorganic chemicals_______
Industrial organic chemicals________
Drugs and medicines_______________
Soap, cleaning and polishing prepara
tions............ .........................................
Paints, pigments, and fillers_________
Gum and wood chemicals___________
Fertilizers________________________
Vegetable and animal oils and fats___
Miscellaneous chemicals____________
533.5
527.7
67.3
198.8
57.6
518.3
66.7
196.8
57.3
514.8
66.4
195.9
57.4
514.3
516. 5
510.9
504.1
194.7
57.2
514.0
66.5
194.0
56.9
193.1
56.7
191.4
57.2
190.0
57.5
495.5
65.6
186.4
57.5
500.1
66.9
186.8
57.4
510.0
67.3
187.7
57.6
519.3
68.5
190.1
58.1
545.1
73.0
210.3
57.9
553.3
75.0
217.0
57.2
30.0
44.5
30.1
44.2
30.1
44.0
30.3
44.3
30.7
44.2
6.2
6. 2
6.2
31.5
44.6
6.4
23.4
26.5
63.9
30.4
45.0
6.4
21.4
23.9
63.5
29.7
44.0
6.5
20.9
23.1
61.8
29.5
43.4
6.3
24.1
23.4
62.3
29.0
42.4
33.1
23.5
62.8
29.1
42.5
6.5
36.7
24.6
63.2
30.7
45.9
7.2
26.7
28.1
65.3
30.3
47.0
7.1
27.3
28.6
63.8
Products of petroleum and coal_______
Petroleum refining________________
Coke, other petroleum and coal products.
157.5
120.4
157. 4
121.3
157.4
121.5
157.9
121.7
157.5
122.3
156.7
122.4
168.0
128.1
172.2
131.0
66.2
66.2
66.0
66.0
32.5
26.9
63.9
26.9
27.3
62.8
25.6
27.7
61.5
23.6
28.6
63.2
22.5
29.6
63.4
31.3
44.4
6.4
24.6
30.1
63.7
154.6
154.8
117. 4
150. 3
114.7
154.4
118.7
154.6
118.5
155.9
119.5
153.3
116.4
37.4
35.6
35.7
36.1
36.4
36.9
37.1
36.1
35.9
36.2
35.2
34.3
39.9
41.2
Rubber products____________________
Tires and inner tubes_________ _____
Rubber footwear___________________
Other rubber products_____ _____ _
186.2
202.0
78.1
17.4
106.5
198.8
76.2
17.1
105.5
199.1
76.9
17.1
105.1
198.2
77.1
17.1
104.0
195.3
76.2
17.2
101.9
194.5
75.3
17.1
102.1
187.5
74.1
16.8
96.6
181.2
72.5
16.4
92.3
175.1
71.0
15.9
175.8
71.2
16.3
88.3
172.3
70.4
16.3
85.6
176.0
72.1
16.5
87.4
205.9
83.3
17.6
105.0
211.1
85.2
19.8
106.1
Leather and leather products__________
Leather: tanned, curried, and finished.
Industrial leather belting and packing.
Boot and shoe cut stock and findings..
Footwear (except rubber)___________
Luggage....................................................
Handbags and small leather goods____
Gloves and miscellaneous leather goods.
See footnotes at end of table.
324.3
331.1
33.5
3.6
17.4
224.1
12.5
27.5
12.5
332.8
33.9
3.6
17.4
225.6
12.4
28.0
11.9
329.3
34.1
3.6
17.8
224.1
328.7
34.2
3.5
17.6
220.7
323.2
33.1
2.9
16.5
216.8
13.1
27.5
13.3
314.3
33.6
2.7
16.2
213.0
12.4
23.6
299.9
33.0
3.0
15.1
202.4
12.8
321.0
33.6
3.2
15.7
212.9
13.2
29.0
13.4
301.5
33.0
2.7
15.4
205.4
11.8
315.0
33.7
3.3
15.9
205.9
13.6
29.4
13.2
316.7
32.2
2.7
16.2
215.4
28.1
324.3
34.0
3.4
16.6
214.2
13.6
29.7
12.0
20.8
12.2
22.8
329.2
36.4
3.5
16.8
219.1
13.1
26.1
14.2
339.0
38.4
3.8
17.7
221.5
13.9
28.9
14.8
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
6.2
6.2
12.1
26.9
10.7
12.8
88.2
12.2
24.8
13.2
12.8
6.6
11.8
11.8
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
696
T able A-3.
Production or nonsupervisory workers in nonagricultural establishments, byindustry 1—Continued
[In thousands)
1958
1959
Annual
average
Industry
Apr.2 M ar.2 Feb.
Transportation and public utilities:
Othfir public utilities _ _____________
Gas and electric utilities____________
Electric light. and power u tilitie s___
Pas utilities ____________________
Electric light and gas utilities com______________
binerl
_
I,neel utilities not elsewhere classified
Wholesale and retail trade:
Wholesale trade
__ ______________
Wholesalers, full-service and limitedfunction
__________________
Automotive
_ _________________
Groceries, food specialties, beer,
wines and liq u o rs__ ___________
Electrical goods, machinery, hardwere a n d plumbing equipment. _
Other full-service and Iimited-function wholesalers________________
Ketatl trade:
General merchandise stores__________
Department stores and general mallorder houses
__ __________
Other general merchandise stores----Pood and liquor stores................. ..........
Grocery, meat, and vegetable markets
_______________________
Dairy-product stores and dealers
Other food and liquor stores...... ..........
Automotive and accessories dealers........
Apparel and accessories stores________
Other retail trade (except eating and
drinking places) _______________
Furniture and appliance stores..........
Drug stores..........................................
Jan.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1957
1956
525
504.4
217.1
135.9
527
507.1
219.3
135.9
528
507.9
219.5
135.6
530
510.0
219.7
136.6
532
511.4
220.5
136.4
533
512.9
221.0
137.1
540
519.7
223.9
139.0
547
525.8
226.3
141.1
548
526.9
226.6
141.4
541
520.4
224.9
138.9
534
513.8
222.4
136.3
534
513.4
222.5
136.0
540
519.0
226.0
136.4
535
513.8
219.6
133.4
151.4
20.3
151.9
19.8
152.8
19.9
153.7
19.9
154.5
20.2
154.8
20.4
156.8
20.6
158.4
21.0
158.9
21.1
156.6
20.7
155.1
20.5
154.9
20.4
156.6
20.7
160.8
21.2
2.610
2.618
2,621 2,666
2,656
2,646
2,625
2,601
2,597
2,593
2,571
2, 592
2,695
2, 661
1,552.5 1,551.0 1, 549.7 1,582.4 1, 574. 0 1, 560.3 1, 546.3 1,526.3 1, 520.6 1, 514. 7 1,499.1 1, 509. 5 1,572.2 1, 562. 6
113.2 112.5 112.2 112.3 112.2 111.3 111.3 111.0 110.7 109.6 107.5 107.9 108.4 104.3
273.8
276.0
275.1
281.0
280.4
276.3
275.5
268.2
269.8
267.1
263.3
267.2
273.4
275.1
380.5
380.0
380.5
383.2
382.5
381.6
380.1
379.8
379.0
378.4
376.9
379.8
402.7
402.0
785.0 782.5 781.9 805.9 798.9 791.1 779.4 767.3 761.1 759.6 751.4 754.6 787.7 781.2
1,057.6 1,066.9 1, 071.6 1, 083. 4 1, 082. 4 1, 085. 6 1,078.3 1,074.4 1,076.6 1,077.9 1,072.3 1.082.4 1,122. 6 1,098.1
___
1, 281. 6 1,249.2 1,296.8 1,840.7 1, 474.3 1,372.2 1,322. 9 1,252.8 1,238.6 1,263.6 1,259.9 1,251.8 1,356. 5 1,355.3
___
815.8 799.5 839.8 1,188.3 953.2 875.1 840.0 802.0 795.3 808.3 803.5 794.5 875.9 876.4
465.8 449.7 457.0 652.4 521.1 497.1 482.9 450.8 443.3 455.3 456.4 457. 3 480.6 478.9
1,465.6 1,471.3 1,455.6 1,507.1 1, 488.3 1, 475.6 1,479. 8 1,468.2 1, 478.0 1,481.1 1,479.2 1, 477. 5 1,465.5 1, 440.9
1,087.1 1,089. £ 1,078.5 1,108. £ 1, 097.3 1,084. 7 1,076.3 1,060.5 1,069. 6 1,070. 5 1,068.8 1,067. 5 1,038.4 1,014.5
184.8 184.8 185.9 187.7 188.9 190.8 202.1 207.1 207.3 206.1 201.6 198.7 206.7 205.1
193.7 196.6 191.4 210.5 202.1 200.1 200.9 200.6 201.1 204.5 208.8 211.3 220.4 221.3
682.8 680.1 678.6 693.5 676.3 667.5 667.2 670.1 668.6 668.9 669.5 670.0 719.3 727.1
546.6 513. £ 531.6 665.5 568.1 551.8 540.7 496.3 503.0 541.9 536.3 533.8 556.6 565.5
2,028. 8 2,023.8 2, 035. 5 2,155.7 2, 072. 5 2,062. 5 2,070.5 2,065.4 2,058. a 2,049. 6 2,025.2 2,020.2 2,094.6 2,104.5
351.0 351.3 353.3 373.8 360.6 355.5 352.0 349.3 349.1 350.5 350.4 349.9 361.2 363.8
339.8 340.5 338.9 374.0 340.7 338.0 337.0 334.5 334.2 332.5 330.4 328.9 337.7 327.8
i For comparability of data with those published in issues prior to August
1958 and coverage of the series, see footnote 1, table A-2.
Production and related workers include working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, ware
housing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services,
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Nov.
Dec.
product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., powerplant), and recordkeeping and other services closely associated with the
aforementioned production operations,
2 Preliminary,
Souece: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
A.—EMPLOYMENT
697
T a ble
A-4.
Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by State 1
[In thousands]
Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
Alabama_______
...
722.1
726.8
721.7
730.4
723.1
720.2
725.0
712.4
706.4
Arizona_________________ 295.2
294.1
292.7
297.3
290.4
288.0
283.7
277.9
277.9
Arkansas __ .......
340.0
335.4
335.1
345.9
349.9
350.5
350.9
342.9
339.7
California_____ ._ ____ 4,524.4 4,477.8 4,456.5 4, 606.4 4,552.3 4,569.3 4, 569.2 4, 547. 6 4,466. 9
Colorado________________ 457.4
453.8
456.5
465.6
462.8
464.7
466.5
473.8
472.5
____
Connecticut___
870.2
866.0
865.4 891.5
878.5
874.7
871.4
851.7
850.3
Delaware. _. .
. .
147.0
142. 6
147.0
149.6
150.0
146.7
150.9
149.1
149.2
District of Columbia______ 502.7
500.9
502.1
518.4
505.3
503.3
502. 9. 502.7
502.3
Florida_________________ 1, 275.1 1,271. 9 1,262. 4 1,254.0 1,214. 3 1,180.1 1,151.1 1,136.6 1,130. 8
Georgia_________________
977.1
967.9
967.3
989.1
984.6
978.5
979.0
971.1
956.1
Idaho.......... ......
.............. 143.8
141.9
144.0
149.8
152.6
155.9
161.0
160.4
158.1
Illinois.-. . . . ________ 3,348.1 3,316.5 3, 307. 6 3,386.4 3,372. 6 3,372. 7 3,367.9 3,329.5 3, 302.6
Indiana_________________ 1,349. 7 1,335. 6 1, 331. 3 1,356.7 1,359.2 1,334.8 1,351.7 1,323.5 1,316.0
Iowa____________________ 637.7
629.3
633.0
645.7
646.4
647.1
638.6
645.8
635.3
Kansas____
. .
541.2
531.4
533.7
545.4
547.5
547.1
548.2
541.2
539.8
June
May
Apr.
Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
712.5
712.7
712.2
714.1
711.2
721.7
279.1
278.0
276.8
276.1
275.8
276.7
338.6
334.7
330.6
329.7
327.7
328.9
4,456.1 4,393.5 4,337. 0 4, 320. 9 4,313. 7 4,360.7
465.6
451.0
444.0
438.2
440.3
447.4
865.7
860.5
860.4
860.0
861.6
148.6
145.7
145.0
145.5
145.0
502.6
496.6
495.0
493.8
490.2
1,134. 6 1,147. 1 1,170.1 1,178.8 1,190.3
958.0
945.8
950.7
952.8
950.4
873. 6
147.4
492.9
1,196.3
' 958.0
153. 9
149.4
139.1
145.0
136.6
3,328. 4 3,310.7 3, 319.2 3,324.2 3,330. 3
1,325. 5 1,314.3 1,308. 9 1,299. 2 1,311.2
638.1
633.6
619.9
627.6
616.3
541.6
542.3
528.2
539.8
526.9
138.7
3,388. 4
1,346.9
623.5
534.2
620.7
615.9
620.7
618.4
614.2
613.6
613.3
762.0
760.6
768.9
766.7
766.3
765.6
765.0
277.1
274.9
271.9
258.5
250. 3 250.0
254.6
862.4
853.7
859.9
847.6
838.4
834.9
826.6
1,812.6 1, 792. 6 1,802.3 1,781. 2 1, 771.1 1,763.3 1,769.3
628.3
770.2
257.0
837.5
1,784.4
2,108.3 2,125.8 2,151.0 2,143.5 2,150.4 2,187.0 2,221. 8
912.9
908.3
904.3
897.6
878.6
858.3
857.6
374.5
371.2
371.7
371.4
363.1
368.0
358.3
1, 268. 9 1, 266. 3 1, 277.1 1, 262.0 1, 255. 9 1, 256.5 1, 254. 6
167.0
165.0
164.5
149.2
159.0
153.6
149.0
2, 305.2
870.7
362.6
1,270.8
151.9
356.1
352.7
359.6
355.7
339.7
348.7
338.3
93.2
93.0
90.0
86.7
81.6
83.8
80.3
187.3
184.2
182.9
177.3
173.5
174.0
175.3
1, 899.3 1,892. 5 1, 893. 0 1, 870. 8 1, 875.3 1,866.9 1,875.4
219.5
221.5
221.8
216.8
212.2
208.4
208.6
343.4
81.4
177.6
1,892.4
209.7
5, 939.3 5, 906. 5 5, 922.4 5, 898. 8 5, 890.8 5, 892. 2 5, 891. 9
1, 081.1 1, 061. 7 1, 067. 3 1, 065. 3 1, 061. 9 1, 063.2 1, 059. 6
123.1
122.1
118.9
120.7
114.2
109.6
108.6
2, 924. 8 2,922. 7 2, 937. 9 2, 919.6 2,936.1 2, 960. 5 2, 981.4
551.4
549.6
554.4
547.6
539.9
544.0
541.7
5, 931.1
1, 068. 7
110.4
3,049.2
550.2
Oregon______ _____ _____ 465.1
456.6
458.9
474.3
478.9
492.6
499.4
492.4
486.9
484.8
462.8
454.1
445.7
440.7
Pennsylvania____________ 3, 548. 8 3, 513. 9 3, 520. 7 3, 636. 9 3, 606. 5 3,604. 7 3,610. 0 3, 567.2 3, 555. 6 3, 588.3 3, 576. 7 3, 568.3 3, 556.9 3, 576.7
Rhode Island ___________ 274.7
273.2
274.8
282.8
282.5
279.4
280.9
275.2
272.0
272.5
267.5
267.4
268.6
268.7
South Carolina. . _______ 529.4
525.8
525.8
534.1
530.2
529.9
530.2
525.0
520.8
522.8
525.9
525.3
526.5
524.3
South D akota___ ________ 124.7
124.1
124.0
126.9
129.3
131.0
131.9
131.0
131.1
130.5
128.0
125.1
122.6
121.8
Tennessee_____ __________ 861.3
851.0
847.6
873.8
866.8
868.9
864.2
852.9
844.1
842.5
849.3
839.4
835.4
825.6
Texas___________________ 2, 411.4 2, 394. 6 2, 405. 8 2,467.1 2,427. 7 2, 418. 6 2, 407. 5 2,404. 3 2,399. 5 2, 399.1 2,386. 5 2,378. 9 2,370. 9 2, 373.2
U tah___________________
243.2
238.6
237.6
248.9
247.5
249.0
250.3
244.1
245.3
242.6
238.9
233.1
229.6
227.9
________
Vermont__
99.8
100.0
100.0
102.0
101.7
104.2
105.4
109.8
109.5
104.4
101.6
98.4
99.8
98.2
Virginia_________ _______ 962.8
955.2
955.0
980.7
972.6
975.4
967.3
954.1
949.9
941.1
946.6
944.9
936.9
929.8
W ashington..______ _____
777.1
768.2
771.6
796.0
794.8
810.5
809.4
796.4
795.3
789.1
759.1
768.0
751.2
743.1
West Virginia__ _________ 455.2
452.6
453.2
468.9
466.4
469.2
469.3
463.6
456.1
455.6
452.5
462.4
463.9
455.9
Wisconsin
. ________ L, 086.2 l, 080. 9 , 085. 0 , 111. 1 , 107.8 , 101.6 .,115.3 l, 099.7
105.3 L, 094.7 1, 083.8 1, 076. 0 1,077.6 1,079.0
Wyoming_____ _________
83.9
84.7
84.6
87.4
89.1
90.4
95.4
93.0
94.8
93.9
87.3
82.3
80.3
80.1
444.0
3, 630.9
271.6
526.8
123.4
Kentucky___ ____ .
614.3
617.2
615.5
635.8
635.0
635.9
630.1
Louisiana_______________
756.0
754.2
758.7
783.0
776.6
771.9
770.1
M aine..
. . . . .
252.5
257.2
255.0
264.7
267.1
271.2
273.3
M aryland___ . _______
856.6
846.6
845.2
876.5
873.2
867.9
871.9
Massachusetts___ . ____ 1,776.3 1,773.0 1,775.1 1,842. 6 1, 810. 2 1,807. 6 1,810.5
____ 2,233.9 2,185.9 2,212.0 2, 259. 2 2,232. 9 2,069.0 2,174.5
M ic h ig a n .____
Minnesota
874.7
873.1
879.8
906.6
912.7
921.0
926.3
Mississippi_________
378.0
378.4
376.5
387.7
388.3
386.7
386.0
Missouri_____ _ . . . ____ 1,275.0 1,262. 2 1,266.3 1,308.8 1, 285. 6 1,274.0 1,281. 2
M ontana________________ 151.8
150.9
152.2
157.8
160.0
162.0
165.0
Nebraska__________ _____ 354.1
350.8
352.2
361.0
360.1
363.4
362.2
Nevada_________________
88.0
86.7
86.8
89.4
89.0
91.3
92.8
New Hampshire_________
178.9
178.3
178.5
178.8
181.6
183.0
185.7
New Jersey______________ 1,869. 5 1,853. 5 1, 850.2 1,896.8 1,897. 6 1, 892.1 1, 905.1
New M exico..___ _______ 224.5
223.1
222.0
226.2
224.7
222.6
222.0
New York______ ________ 5, 898.1 5,852.8 5, 853.8 6, 032. 6 6, Oil. 9 5, 989. 8 5,988. 5
North Carolina______ ____ 1, 087. 9 1, 082.0 1, 081.2 1, 099. 5 1, 099.1 1,104. 3 1,104.1
North Dakota___________
111.8
111.0
112.2
118.0
121.9
124.0
124.5
Ohio.. . ______________ 3,001.3 2, 975.6 2, 962.1 3,023. 7 3, 011.4 2,970.3 2,989.3
Oklahoma___________ . . .
548.5
542.4
545.4
558.6
553.1
552.9
550. 0
1 These estimates are classified by industry according to the Standard
industrial Classification Manual issued in 1957 by the Bureau of the Budget,
and are not comparable with data previously published. More detailed
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
836.4
2,390.8
229.7
99.1
942.5
746.7
478.0
1,095.0
81.3
industry data on the new classification system are available from the cooperating State agencies listed in table A-5.
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
698
T able A-5.
Employees in manufacturing, by State1
[In thousands]
1958
1959
State
Mar.
Alabama
235.7
44.3
A rizona________________
93.1
Arkansas __ ___________
1,248.
5
■California_______________
78.2
Colorado................................
Connecticut_____________ 397.5
58.6
Delaware _____ _______
20.2
District of C olum bia_____
F lo rid a ________________ 197.6
Georgia..................... ............. 323.5
25.3
I d a h o _________ ________
Illinois_________________ 1,197. 5
Indiana- . ____ ______ _ ' 579.0
170.8
Iowa___________________
Kansas........... ..................... 116.8
Kentucky..... ........... ............. 167.3
L ouisiana______________
141.0
96.2
M aine_________ ________
M a ry lan d ______________
257.3
Massachusetts_______ ____ 675.7
Michigan_______________
976.8
Minnesota______________
218.2
116.6
Mississippi........ ...... ........ .
Missouri__________ _____
378.5
M ontana.............................. .
18.3
Nebraska______ _________
61.6
Nevada__ ______________
5.2
New Hampshire______ . . .
83.3
New Jersey______________ 767.7
New M e x ic o ...______ . . .
15.7
New York . . . . . _______ 1,856.8
North Carolina__________
469.1
North Dakota___________
6.3
Ohio___________________ 1,256. 8
Oklahoma_______________
83.9
Oregon__________________ 132.1
Pennsylvania____________ 1, 409. 9
Rhode' Island____________
113.2
South Carolina___________ 226.3
South Dakota________ . . .
12.3
Tennessee_____ _________ 295.2
Texas_____________ _____
481.1
U tah_________ _________
40.8
Vermont_____________ . .
34.1
Virginia..___ ________ . . .
259.1
Washington_____________
222.2
West Virginia.....................
123.4
Wisconsin_______________ 437.1
Wyoming_____ ____
6.2
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
Mar.
Feb.
233.5
43.7
91.7
1,231. 7
77.3
395.7
54.8
20.0
197.8
322.6
25.2
1,181.9
’ 570. 6
167.9
116.4
166.8
140.0
98.7
256.6
673.6
939.2
216.8
116.2
374.7
18.3
61.0
5.2
82.9
765.5
15.5
1, 844.1
469.3
6.2
1,241. 8
82.9
128.2
1,388. 7
114.4
225.3
12.3
292.2
473.9
39.6
33.8
258.5
220.3
121.2
432.5
6.3
233.6
43.1
90.6
1,221.0
78.4
392.8
59.4
20.1
195.7
320.6
26.5
1,165. 3
563.6
167.9
116.6
161.7
141.5
99.1
254.9
669.9
958.5
217.0
116.2
374.9
18.6
60.4
5.2
82.6
759.5
15.5
1, 825. 8
468.9
6.3
1,224.1
82.8
129.1
1,377. 9
114.0
225.0
12.1
289.6
476.1
39.3
33.3
257.3
222.2
119.9
436.3
6.6
232.7
42.6
91.9
1,234. 7
77.6
393.7
59.5
20.1
193.0
322.7
27.7
1,168. 3
561.8
167.1
116.0
164.4
148.2
99.3
256.0
672.0
950.0
219.1
116.9
377.3
19.7
61.4
5.2
79.8
762.0
15.6
1, 835. 7
470.8
6.4
1,221.1
83.6
132.7
1,388.3
115.3
225.2
12.3
289.9
478.3
41.0
33.4
260.4
224.1
121.3
434.4
7.1
230.4
42.0
92.5
1,238.8
78.2
392.4
60.1
20.1
186.2
325.6
29.6
1,169. 0
566.1
166.3
115.9
165.4
152.0
101.9
260.9
670.5
935.1
219.8
119.4
369.5
20.5
61.1
5.2
82.4
767.8
15.6
1,875. 6
475.8
6.6
1, 218.2
83.8
139.0
1,392. 9
115.7
225.4
12.8
292.3
478.3
41.5
33.3
264.3
225.6
123.2
432.8
7.3
231.7
41.6
93.3
1,255. 3
78.4
388.5
57.0
19.9
179.3
320.8
30.4
1,172.6
539.5
165.4
115.3
167.0
147.0
103.3
257.5
665.3
776.6
222.0
118.7
358.5
21.4
62.2
5.2
81.7
760.3
15.6
1,862.8
480.3
6.6
1,170.2
84.2
146.6
1,392. 2
114.2
224.2
12.8
292.9
474.0
41.5
33.6
265.9
230.9
125.1
424.5
7.7
231.2
41.1
92.5
1,270. 5
78.2
385.3
59.2
19.6
174.4
322.8
30.7
1,174. 7
557.3
164.9
115.9
163.6
146.1
104.3
261.8
663.9
879.3
228.5
117.6
368.0
21.4
61.2
5.3
81.3
770.7
16.0
1,871. 5
482.2
6.9
1,198. 6
83.9
150.3
1,396. 0
116.0
227.0
12.4
291.4
476.8
42.1
33.5
261.5
230.9
124.4
440.1
7.2
230.5
40.2
91.0
1,271.5
77.3
368.8
57.9
19.5
170.2
318.4
30.9
1,155. 6
537.9
163.2
115.1
160.7
143.6
105.8
264.0
658.0
812.9
224.3
116.3
372.2
21.4
61.2
5.3
80.7
764.2
15.9
1, 836.4
469.2
7.0
1,157. 5
84.2
151.4
1,380.1
110.2
224.6
12.6
287.9
476.3
40.9
33.5
257.4
228.2
122.2
432.1
7.1
227.4
40.6
90.6
1,208. 6
76.6
366.1
57.0
19.2
167.7
312.8
29.4
1,129. 6
535.9
162.7
118.3
154.1
142.4
104.0
256.4
639.4
825.9
221.6
113.4
370.8
21.1
60.6
5.3
79.1
753.6
16.0
1, 792.4
452.4
7.0
1,151.8
84.2
144.5
1,371.3
106.6
221.4
12.7
282.3
474.0
40.5
33.5
251.4
226.9
121.2
437.5
7.1
228.4
41.3
90.3
1,190.3
74.0
381.7
57.3
19.5
170.6
311.5
28.2
1,139.2
536.1
163.1
119.3
155.1
143.2
103.3
255.9
648.7
845.8
215.6
111.1
369.8
20.6
60.6
5.2
79.3
760.2
16.0
1, 800.3
453.7
7.0
1,156. 2
84.3
143.6
1,377.8
108.1
222.3
12.6
282.7
475.4
38.4
33.2
250.7
221.7
120.1
424.0
7.0
226.8
40.9
87.6
1,175.4
71.2
383.4
56.6
19.5
174.5
301.6
26.8
1,131.2
529.9
160.6
119.5
153.4
142.5
95.0
252.0
643.1
847.1
215.4
110.1
363.9
19.4
59.6
5.1
77.9
752.4
15.4
1, 795. 5
450.7
6.8
1,145.2
82.9
131.5
1,376. 0
104.8
222.9
12.0
282.3
472.2
37.0
32.9
249.7
212.9
117.4
419.9
6.4
227.6
40.6
85.7
1,169.3
70.1
388.3
56.9
19.5
173.4
310.8
24.9
1,151.6
532.3
158.6
119.7
152.7
142.6
92.3
251.8
649.9
867.4
213.0
110.2
364.5
18.5
58.1
5.0
76.8
758.6
14.7
1, 819. 2
451.6
6.6
1,165.4
83.0
126.3
1, 384. 5
106.0
224.7
11.7
281.2
475. 6
36.3
32.9
250.9
208.2
118.9
420.8
6.0
229.9
40.2
85. 7
1,172.1
70.7
395.5
58.0
19.3
177.7
315.9
23.3
1,173.9
537.1
159.2
122.0
159.2
141.8
94.7
255.5
661.6
911.3
212.2
109.0
375.2
18.4
57.6
4.9
79.0
767.1
14.2
1, 864. 7
456.8
6. 4
1,198.1
84.7
121.6
1, 390. 6
109.2
225.8
11.6
283.8
482.1
35.9
32.8
255.1
206.4
120.4
430.5
6.1
231.3
39.9
86.0
1,169.3
71.0
398.8
58. 5
19.3
180. 9
317.2
23.2
1,189.8
551. 6
160.0
123.6
161.8
143.3
99.3
255.4
670.3
944.4
212.1
107.4
377.2
18. 7
57.7
4. 9
80.4
784. 2
14. 3
1,890.3
460. 8
(5. 3
1,227. 7
86.6
120.7
1, 423.1
111. 6
226.9
11.6
283.6
484.7
36.2
33.2
255.2
203.3
121. 5
433.8
6.3
Jan.
236.6
40.1
8b. 3
1,178.6
74.3
405.2
60.6
19. 4
183. 5
320.3
24.0
1,210.8
574.3
161.2
125.4
168.2
144.1
100.2
2Ô8. 2
674.4
1,004.9
215.0
107.2
379.4
19.1
59.3
5.0
SI. 3
793. 0
14.1
1, 887.8
464. 8
6.3
1,265.4
87.7
121.1
1,445.9
112. 2
227. 8
11.9
286.3
486.9
36.9
33.1
260.7
203.7
124.8
442. 5
6. 6
1 These estimates are classified by industry according to the Standard Industrial Classification Manual issued in 1957 by the Bureau of the Budget, and are
not comparable with data previously published. More detailed industry data
on the new classification system are available from the cooperating State agencies.
Cooperating State Agencies
MONTANA—Unemployment Compensation Commission, Helena.
NEBRASKA—Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor
Lincoln 1.
NEVADA—Emplovment Security Department, Carson City.
NEW H A M PSH IR E —Department of Employment Security, Concord.
NEW JE R SE Y —Bureau of Statistics and Records, Department of Labor
and Industry, Trenton 25.
N EW M EX ICO —Employment Security Commission, Albuquerque.
NEW YORK—Bureau of Research and Statistics, Division of Employment,
State Department of Labor, 500 Eighth Avenue, New York 18.
N O R TH CAROLINA—Division of Statistics, Department of Labor,
Raleigh.
N O R TH DAKOTA—Unemployment Compensation Division, Workmen s
Compensation Bureau, Bismarck.
OHIO—Division of Research and Statistics, Bureau of Unemployment Com
pensation, Columbus 16.
OKLAHOMA—Employment Security Commission, Oklahoma City 2.
OREGON—Unemployment Compensation Commission, Salem.
PENNSYLVANIA—Bureau of Employment Security, Department of
Labor and Industry, Harrisburg.
RHO DE ISLAND—Division of Statistics and Census, Department of
Labor, Providence 3.
SOUTH CAROLINA—Employment Security Commission, Columbia 1.
SOUTH DAKOTA—Employment Security Department, Aberdeen.
T E N N E SSE E —Department of Employment Security, Nashville 3.
TEXAS—Employment Commission, Austin 19.
UTAH—Department of Employment Security, Industrial Commission,
Salt Lake City 10.
V ERM O N T—Unemployment Compensation Commission, Montpelier.
VIRG IN IA —Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor and
Industry, Richmond 14.
W ASHINGTON—Employment Security Department, Olympia.
W EST VIRGINIA—Department of Employment Security, Charleston 5.
WISCONSIN—Statistical Department, Industrial Commission, Madison 3.
W YOM ING—Employment Security Commission, Casper.
ALABAMA—Department of Industrial Relations, Montgomery 4.
ARIZONA—Unemployment Compensation Division, Employment Se
curity Commission, Phoenix.
ARKANSAS—Employment Security Division, Department of Labor,
Little Rock.
CALIFO RNIA—Division of Labor Statistics and Research, Department of
Industrial Relations, San Francisco 1.
COLORADO—U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Denver 2.
C O N N EC TIC U T —Employment Security Division, Department of Labor,
Hartford 15.
DELAW ARE—Unemployment Compensation Commission, Wilmington 99.
D IS T R IC T OF COLUMBIA—U.S. Employment Service for D.C., Wash
ington 25.
FLO R ID A —Industrial Commission, Tallahassee.
GEORGIA—Employment Security Agency, Department of Labor, Atlanta 3.
IDAHO—Employment Security Agency, Boise.
ILLIN O IS—Division of Unemployment Compensation and State Employ
ment Service, Department of Labor, Chicago 6.
IN D IA N A—Employment Security Division, Indianapolis 25.
IOWA—Employment Security Commission, Des Moines 8.
KANSAS—Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, Topeka.
K E N TU C K Y —Bureau of Employment Security, Department of Economic
Security, Frankfort.
LOUISIANA—Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor,
Baton Rouge 4.
M A IN E—Employment Security Commission, Augusta.
M ARYLAND—Department of Employment Security, Baltimore 1.
MASSACHUSETTS—Division of Statistics, Department of Labor and
Industries, Boston 16.
M ICH IGAN—Employment Security Commission, Detroit 2.
M INNESOTA—Department of Employment Security, St. Paul 1.
M ISSISSIPPI—Employment Security Commission, Jackson.
MISSOURI—Division of Employment Security, Jefferson City.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
A.—EMPLOYMENT
T able A-6.
699
Insured unemployment under State programs and the program of unemployment com
pensation for Federal employees,1 by geographic division and State
[In thousands]
1959
Geographic division and State
Mar.
Feb.
1958
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
Annual average
July
June
May
Apr.
Mar.
Continental United States..................... 2,105.5 2, 395.5 2, 517.9 2,110.8 1,781.2 1, 722. 4 1,905.8 2,202. 7 2, 510.9 2,667.3 2, 984.0 3,302.3 3, 275.5
1958
1957
2, 537.4
1,465.8
New England............................... ..........
Maine......... ..................... .............
New H am pshire..............................
V erm ont......................
Massachusetts_____________
Rhode Island.............. ........... ..........
Connecticut........... .............. ...........
173.2
18.6
8.0
4.5
85.4
16.7
40.1
182.8
18.4
7.7
4.7
90.0
17.8
44.2
200.0
19.4
8.3
4.7
96.6
19.8
51.2
173.4
17.6
7.5
4.1
87.6
16.1
40.4
132.4
13.4
5.9
2. i
64.2
11.4
34.5
126.7
11.1
5.8
2.6
59.3
11.0
36.9
137.6
13.4
7.7
2. t
62.4
12.0
39.3
153.6
14. i
7.8
3.0
66.8
14.5
47.4
190.3
16.4
9.2
3. i
85.0
19.2
57.1
204.8
18.7
10.1
3.7
91.2
20.0
61.0
238.6
25. ]
12.5
4.6
106.6
23.5
66.2
263. 3
30.0
15.3
5.9
121.7
26.9
63.5
251.9
24.7
12.5
6.8
119.7
27.2
61.1
195.5
19.0
9.6
4. <
90.8
19.6
52.0
121.9
11.0
6.0
2.8
61.4
16.5
24.2
Middle Atlantic................................... .
New York___________________
New Jersey____________________
Pennsylvania......... ..........................
655.9
308.8
99.6
247.5
714.8
327.9
111.0
275.9
783.9
355.4
126.8
301.7
668.4 559.2
319.6 250.0
100. S 85.1
248.0 224.1
542.2
233.5
83.6
225.1
572.1
245.4
87.1
239.6
636.1
269.7
95.8
270.5
735.2
334.4
110.2
290.6
780.2
358.2
118.9
303.1
831.6
374.6
136.3
320.7
885.1
391.4
150.3
343.5
865.8
381 2
149.4
335.2
724.6
322.4
116.9
285.2
427.6
189.3
80.5
157.9
East North Central........... ..........
Ohio____________________ _____
Indiana________ ______________
Illinois_________ ________ _____
Michigan_______ . _______ . . .
Wisconsin....... .............................
365.5
86.2
39.1
110.9
96.8
32.5
445.8
107.1
48.5
130.4
122.2
37.5
451.6
117.1
52.2
130.7
110.5
41.0
403.5
106.6
43.7
109.2
106.2
37.9
350.9
88.0
33.7
93.8
105.0
30.4
369.2
90.6
33.9
95.5
120.0
29.3
444.7
108.5
39.9
109.1
155.7
31.6
570.8
138.0
53.1
133.3
208.7
37.7
638.3
166.1
61.4
148.2
223.6
38.9
692.5
186.5
68.5
156.9
241.7
38.9
771.0
211.3
80.7
169.8
265.5
43.7
838.3
223.1
89.8
176.8
296.4
52.1
800.7
212. 3
88.3
17a 3
267.2
56.5
603.0
157.9
62.9
140.5
200.2
41.5
283.8
65.6
33.5
68.2
93.2
23.2
West North Central.................. .....
Minnesota. ___________________
Iowa ____________________
M issouri_______________
North Dakota________ _______
South Dakota___________
Nebraska...................... ........... ......
Kansas_______________________
124.4
44.4
13.3
37.3
6.7
3.1
8.1
11.7
145.0
46.5
15.1
45.3
7.7
4.0
10.2
16.2
145.5
45.7
14.6
49.9
6.7
3.8
9.3
15.5
105.2
33.4
9.3
37.8
5.0
2.4
6.1
11.2
77.7
22.3
6.1
33.6
1.9
1.0
3.8
8.9
71.1
18.8
5.1
34.9
.6
.5
2.8
8.4
78.7
20.4
5.6
40.0
.5
.5
3.0
8.6
85.8
24.8
7.3
38.0
.7
.6
3.6
10.8
96.6
27.8
8.8
43.5
1.0
.7
4.2
10.5
104.6
31.4
9.4
47.4
1.2
.8
4.2
10.1
127.3
40.0
11.7
54.9
1.9
1.2
5.3
12.3
167.2
53.6
15.9
64.4
4.6
2.6
8.5
17.6
188.2
58.1
20.9
63.7
7.5
4.3
12.4
21.2
120.4
36.3
11.8
47.9
3.3
1.9
6.3
13.0
80.0
22.6
8.9
30.3
2.4
1.7
5.4
8.6
South Atlantic................... .....................
Delaware_____ _______________
M aryland____ _____________
District of Columbia..... ............. . .
Virginia___ __________________
West Virginia..................................
North Carolina________________
South Carolina________________
Georgia_______________________
Florida....................... ......................
224.2
4.9
40.5
7.0
24.7
33.2
41.3
14.9
30.6
27.0
247.6
7.5
45.8
8.4
27.2
35.5
45.8
16.5
32.2
28.7
270.5
6.5
47.0
8.3
27.2
37.3
51.7
20.4
40.1
32.2
213.1
5.1
37.3
6.7
38.3
29.6
42.3
14.9
31.4
27.5
184.0
3.5
30.1
6.0
15.0
26.4
34.4
13.5
27.5
27.7
186.7
3.5
28.7
5.8
13.8
27.5
32.2
13.6
28.1
33.5
207.1
4.0
30.9
6.0
16.2
32.1
34.3
14.7
31.6
37.4
240.9
5.7
35.0
6.8
20.6
38.4
41.7
16.4
36.4
39.9
281.7
5.8
38.6
7.2
26.1
43.8
54.9
20.9
44.9
39.5
285.0
5.3
39.7
7.2
27.3
47.6
55.9
20.0
46.3
35.7
310.8
6.2
42.9
7.8
29.3
52.7
63.5
22.5
50.5
35.2
326.2
6.9
46.5
8.9
31.6
52.1
68.5
23.8
52.5
35.4
313.7
6.5
47.3
10.0
33.2
47.8
66.5
22.5
47.9
32.1
261.3
5.3
38.8
7.6
24.4
39.9
52.0
19.4
40.7
33.2
154.7
3.1
17.7
5.3
13.7
14.1
39.3
15.2
27.5
18.7
East South C entral............................
Kentucky_____________________
Tennessee_____________________
Alabama______________________
Mississippi_______ ____________
116.4
32.8
38.0
28.8
16.8
133.8
36.8
44.5
32.4
20.1
137.6
36.2
48.6
33.4
19.5
112.8
29.1
38.6
30.5
14.7
100.6
25.9
34.6
28.8
11.4
99.1
28.1
32.4
27.7
10.8
111.0
33.8
35.9
29.0
12.2
131.7
41.6
42.2
33.1
14.8
155.9
49.8
50. 5
38.4
17.2
165.0
54.1
52.7
37.9
20 3
188.1
61.3
59.6
44.2
23.0
200.5
66.1
64.0
46.1
24.2
196. 3
60.6
65.1
45.9
24.7
152.8
46.2
50.7
37.4
18.5
110.9
33.1
40.2
22.6
15.0
West South Central_______________
Arkansas.____ ________________
Louisiana___ ______ ___________
Oklahoma_____________________
Texas... _____________________
125.4
18.2
32.0
18.0
57.2
146.5
23.3
36.5
21.7
64.9
147.2
23.6
36.0
23.0
64.6
115.5
18.0
26.8
18.2
52.5
102.3
14.3
23.7
15.7
48.7
101.4
12.6
24.4
14. 1
50.3
110.1
12.9
25.9
15.2
56.1
120.7
15.5
26.2
17.4
61.6
129.9
17.9
27.3
19.0
65.6
133.6
18.8
26.8
20.0
68.0
153.8
24.2
29.5
23.9
76.1
165.0
27.5
29.8
27.6
80.1
158 8
26.4
28.4
28.2
75.9
130.2
20.1
26.7
20.5
63.0
72.1
14.8
13.2
12.7
31.4
M ountain________________________
M ontana______________________
Idaho_________________________
Wyoming_______ ______________
Colorado...____________________
New Mexico___________________
Arizona_______________________
U tah____ ____________________
N evada.._____ ________________
61.0
12.8
8.0
4.0
10.1
4.9
9.2
7.4
4.6
72.2
14.7
10.0
4.6
12.6
5.7
9.7
9.3
5.6
66.7
13.0
10.2
4.0
10.9
5.2
9.0
8.9
5.5
51.0
9.1
8.1
2.6
8.4
4.1
7.8
6.2
4.8
39.1
6.0
4.9
1.6
7.0
3.6
7.4
4.5
4.1
30.2
4.0
2.7
11
5.4
3.4
7.2
3.4
3.0
32.3
3.8
2.8
1.1
6.7
3.4
7.9
4.0
2.7
36.0
4.1
3.4
1.4
6.1
4.3
9.1
4.9
2.8
38.7
5.0
3.3
1.6
5.9
4.6
9.6
5.6
3.2
41.1
5.9
3.0
2.0
6.8
4.8
9.1
6.0
3.6
51.7
7.8
4.1
2.6
9.4
5.7
10.2
7.4
4.5
72.5
12.0
6.9
3.9
13.5
7.3
12.7
10.2
6.0
86.5
16.6
10.1
4.4
15.8
7.6
13.4
11.7
6.8
53.6
8.9
6.2
2.5
9.3
5.2
9.7
7.2
4.6
34.5
6.3
5.2
1.7
5.1
3.5
5.5
4.5
2.8
Pacific.......................................................
Washington.......... ............................
Oregon_______________ ___ _____
California............ .............................
259.5
42.2
26.1
191.3
306.9
54.1
33.3
219.5
314.8
60.7
36.2
217.9
267.8
55.9
30.8
181.0
234.9
46.6
24.2
164.1
195.8
38.9
16.7
142.3
212.3
35.9
16.9
159.5
227.1
37.9
17.8
171.3
244.4
32.4
16.8
195.1
260.5
25.3
15.3
220.0
311.0
35.1
20.7
255.2
384.1
47.6
31.1
305.4
413.7
59. 2
39.8
314.6
295.9
46.0
26.9
222.9
ISO. 3
33.3
22.9
124.1
1 Average of weekly data adjusted for split weeks In the month. Figures
may not add to totals because of rounding.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
So
u b c e
:
TJ.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Employment Security.
700
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T a ble A-7.
Unemployment insurance and employment service programs, selected operations 1
[All Items except average benefits amounts are in thousands]
1959
Item
Mar.
Employment service:
New'applications for work..........
Nonfarm placements__________
1958
Jan.
Feb.
742
445
806
378
Nov.
Dec.
896
398
737
406
Oct.
740
413
Sept.
775
514
776
545
Aug.
1957
July
725
489
May
June
812
459
979
456
866
439
Apr.
Mar.
954
404
Mar.
691
425
951
332
State unemployment insurance pro
grams: 1
Initial claims *_______________
1,790
1,136
1,277
1,924
1,258
1,259
1,251
1,186
1, 659
1, 513
1,538
1,795
897
1,983
Insured unemployment * (aver
age weekly volume)_______ .
2,106
2,396
2, 518 2,111
1,781
1, 722
2,203
2,667
1,592
1,906
2, 511
2,984
3.302
3,276
Rate of insured unemployment s_
5.0
6.0
5.7
5.1
4.3
5.2
4.1
4.0
6.0
6.3
4.5
7.1
7.9
7.9
Weeks of unemployment com
pensated__ ____ _ _____ .
8,660
9,532
8,628
7,997
5,939
8,583 10,277 10,879 12,020 13,055 12,457
6,302
7,157
7,776
Average weekly benefit amount
for total unem ploym ent.......... $30.38 $30.52 $30.50 $30.41 $30.46 $30. 45 $30.66 $30. 50 $30. 62 $30.80 $30. 80 $30.88 $30.53 $27.72
Total benefits paid___________ $255,640 $255, 671 $279, 461 $234,683 $174,470 $210,300 $231,141 $255,432 $305,638 $325,039 $363,550 $403,845 $370,248 $168,841
Unemployment compensation for
veterans: *
Initial claims s_____ __________
Insured unemployment * (aver
age weekly volume)_________
Weeks of unemployment com
pensated__________________
Total benefits paid r__________
7
9
13
14
12
13
14
19
30
38
24
27
30
22
28
31
28
26
27
39
53
78
78
74
80
81
47
102
$2, 688
113
$2,993
131
$3, 486
125
$3,311
102
$2,693
129
$3,391
193
$5,047
248
384
$6,553 $10,151
333
$8,853
334
$8,922
368
$9,833
345
$9,285
218
$5,886
Railroad unemployment insurance:
Applications *___________ ____
6
8
22
17
20
21
117
80
24
17
20
17
20
Insured unemployment (average
weekly volume)____________
76
94
122
125
121
119
113
118
128
101
128
146
149
Number of payments •___ ___
199
217
311
287
229
272
286
252
260
250
307
338
319
Average amount of benefit pay
ment •________ _________
$65.47 $65.57 $65. 68 $69.31 $70.15 $69. 91 $70.35 $69. 60 $59.44 $66. 85 $67.27 $68.59 $67.86
Total benefits paid .................... $12,477 $13, 752 $20,345 $19,755 $16,030 $19,076 $18,144 $19,861 $14, 735 $16,651 $20,574 $23,153 $21,626
60
151
All programs:11
Insured unemployment *______
2,273
2,584
2,729
2,307
1,957
1Average weekly Insured unemployment excludes Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto
Rico and the Virgin Islands; other items Include them.
* Data include activities under the program of Unemployment Compensa
tion for Federal Employees (UCFE), which became effective on January 1,
1955.
* An initial claim is a notice filed by a worker at the beginning of a period
of unemployment which establishes the starting date for any insured un
employment which may result if he is unemployed for 1 week or longer.
4 Number of workers reporting the completion of at least 1 week of unem
ployment.
* The rate of insured unemployment is the number of insured unemployed
expressed as a percent of the average covered employment in a 12-month
period.
* Based on claims filed under the Veterans’ Eeadjustment Assistance Act
of 1952. Excludes claims filed by veterans to supplement State, U CFE, or
railroad unemployment insurance benefits.
TFederal portion only of benefits paid jointly with other programs. Weekly
benefit amount for total unemployment is set by law at $26.
1,863
2,062
2,374
2,717
2,847
3,186
3,527
3,505
21
9
$59.68
$8,973
1,700
* An application for benefits is filed by a railroad worker at the beginning of
his first period of unemployment in a benefit year; no application is required
for subsequent periods in the same year.
9 Payments are for unemployment in 14-day registration periods; the aver
age amount is an average for all compensable periods. Not adjusted for
recovery of overpayments or settlement of underpayments.
10 Adjusted for recovery of overpayments and settlement of underpayments.
11 Represents an unduplicated count of insured unemployment under the
State, U CFE. and Veterans’ Programs, and that covered by the Railroad
Unemployment Insurance Act. Beginning with November 1958, includes
data for ex-servicemen under the program of Unemployment Compensation
for Ex-servicemen, effective October 27, 1958.
Source : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Employment Security
for all items except railroad unemployment insurance, which are prepared
by the U.S. Railroad Retirement Board.
The labor turnover tables (B -l and B-2) have been dropped from the Review pending a general revision of the
Current Labor Statistics section because, beginning with January 1959 data, the categories for which labor turn
over rates are published differ from those previously published. Current data are available monthly in Employ
ment and Earnings or may be obtained upon request.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
701
C.— Earnings and Hours
T a ble
C -l.
Year and month
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1
Avg. Avg.
wkly wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Mining
Metal
Total: Mining
Total: Metal
1956: Average_____
1957: Average_____
1958: March______
April________
M ay________
June________
J uly.................
August______
September___
October_____
November___
December___
1959: January_____
February____
M a rc h ...........
$98. 81
102.21
97.02
94. 62
96.01
101.89
99. 96
101.24
102.14
102. 40
103. 60
105. 56
105.86
106.00
105.87
$2.41
2.53
2.56
2.53
2. 52
2.56
2. 55
2. 55
2. 56
2. 56
2. 59
2.60
2.64
2.67
2. 66
41.0
40.4
37.9
37.4
38.1
39.8
39.2
39.7
39.9
40.0
40.0
40.6
40.1
39.7
39.8
$96.83
98.74
95. 40
92.93
91.10
92. 34
96.13
95.63
98.04
98. 30
100. 84
101.24
103.94
104. 45
103.83
42.1
40.8
39.1
38.4
37.8
38.0
38.3
37.8
38.6
38.7
39.7
39.7
40.6
40.8
40.4
$2.30
2.42
2. 44
2. 42
2.41
2. 43
2. 51
2.53
2. 54
2.54
2.54
2.55
2.56
2. 56
2. 57
Coal
Iron
$96.71
103. 49
96.93
93.96
94.23
98.28
104. 43
105. 28
104. 80
101.03
102. 60
101. 82
106. 59
107. 45
105.17
39.8
39.5
35.9
34.8
34.9
36.4
36.9
37.2
36.9
35.7
36.0
35.6
37.4
37.7
36.9
Copper
$2.43 $100. 28
2.62 97. 75
2.70 94.96
2.70 93.30
2.70 88.22
2.70 85.56
2.83 89. 78
2.83 87.71
2. 84 94. 67
2.83 99. 79
2. 85 105. 75
2.86 103. 42
2.85 106.82
2.85 108.86
2.85 111.57
43.6
40.9
39.9
39.2
37.7
36.1
37.1
35.8
38.8
40.4
42.3
41.7
42.9
43.2
44.1
Lead and zinc
$2.30 $89.24
2.39 88. 97
2.38 85.10
2.38 84. 74
2. 34 83.89
2.37 86.03
2. 42 86. 55
2.45 83.16
2. 44 83.16
2. 47 87. 42
2.50 89.02
2.48 92.29
2.49 91.43
2. 52 90.17
2. 53 86. 58
Mining—Continued
Coal—Continued
Bituminous
1956: Average_____
1957: Average_____
1958: M arch.............
April___ ____
M ay________
June................
J u ly ...............
August______
September___
O ctober.........
November___
December___
1959: January___
February____
March.............
$106.22
110. 53
96.37
90.60
93. 30
106.30
97.85
105. 90
106. 55
107. 76
107.31
115. 82
114.71
112.85
112. 29
37.8
36.6
31.7
30.0
31.1
35.2
32.4
35.3
35.4
35.8
35.3
38.1
36.3
35.6
35.2
$2.81
3.02
3.04
3.02
3.00
3.02
3.02
3. 00
3.01
3.01
3. 04
3. 04
3.16
3.17
3.19
Petroleum and nat
ural-gas produc
tion (except con
tract services)
$101. 68
106. 75
110.97
108.81
107.06
110.57
110.83
106. 67
110. 02
107. 60
112. 06
108. 54
111.92
116.33
115.49
41.0
40.9
41.1
40.6
40.4
40.8
41.2
40.1
40.9
40.3
41.2
40. 5
41.3
41.4
41.1
1956: Average_____ $104. 94
1957: Average_____ 110.15
1958: M arch______ 110. 30
April________ 110.01
M ay________ 115. 26
June________ 114.57
J u ly ............... 114. 51
August______ 116.87
September___ 120. 07
October_____ 120.66
November___ 113. 59
December....... 114. 55
1959: Jan u ary ......... 114.55
February____ 109.82
March______ 115.84
39.9
39.2
38.3
38.6
40.3
40.2
39.9
40.3
40.7
40.9
38.9
38.7
38.7
37.1
39.4
$2.14 $78.96
2.17 81.79
2.16 66.25
2.14 58. 65
2.14 67.60
2.14 80.96
2.18 79. 77
2.16 74. 59
2.20 80.08
2.18 77. 52
2.22 78. 04
2.24 93. 19
2.23 91.24
2.21 74.79
2.22 76. 45
Nonmetallic mining
and quarrying
$2.48 $85.63
2.61 87.80
2.70 83.22
2.68 85. 45
2. 65 89. 59
2.71 91.49
2. 69 91.94
2.66 93.39
2. 69 95.34
2. 67 95. 37
2. 72 92.84
2.68 89. 67
2.71 87. 98
2.81 88.82
2.81 90. 95
44.6
43.9
41.2
42.3
43. 7
44.2
44.2
44.9
45.4
45.2
44.0
42.1
41.5
41.7
42.7
Nonbuilding construction
Total: Contractconstruction
$1.92 $101. 83
2. 00 106. 64
2.02 106. 44
2. 02 107.88
2.05 111.08
2.07 110.11
2.08 111.90
2.08 113. 70
2.10 114. 91
2.11 115.82
2.11 110. 66
2.13 109. 43
2.12 111. 03
2.13 106. 64
2.13 110.26
37.3
36.9
35.6
36.2
37. 4
37.2
37.3
37.9
37.8
38.1
36.4
35.3
35.7
34.4
35.8
Total: Nonbuilding
construction
$2.73 $101. 59
2.89 105.07
2.99 101.90
2. 98 103. 45
2. 97 110. 56
2.96 108.67
3.00 NO. 57
3.00 114. 66
3.04 117.32
3.04 118. 71
3.04 108.11
3.10 105. 36
3.11 105.88
3.10 100.19
3.08 108.23
40.8
39.8
37.6
38.6
41.1
40.7
40.8
42.0
42.2
42.7
39.6
37.9
38.5
36.3
39.5
$2.49
2.64
2. 71
2.68
2.69
2. 67
2. 71
2. 73
2. 78
2.78
2. 73
2.78
2.75
2.76
2.74
Total: Building
construction
36.4
36.1
35.2
35.5
36.3
36.2
36.3
36.7
36.5
36.8
35.4
34.6
35.0
34.0
35.0
$2.80
2.96
3.06
3.06
3.06
3.06
3.09
3.09
3.13
3.13
3.14
3.19
3.19
3.18
3.17
$95.04
98.89
100.04
101.60
105.12
103.46
104.54
106. 48
105. 56
107.01
103. 37
99.12
103.01
100.25
102. 55
36.0
35.7
35.1
35.4
36.5
36.3
36.3
37.1
36.4
36.9
35.4
33.6
34.8
34.1
35.0
Total: Specialtrade contractors
$2.64 $107.16
2. 77 112.17
2.85 112. 29
2. 87 113.21
2.88 115.12
2.85 115.16
2. 88 116 89
2.87 117.90
2. 90 118. 99
2.90 119. 64
2.92 115. 73
2.95 116. 51
2.96 116.86
2.94 112.20
2.93 115. 50
36.7
36.3
35.2
35.6
36.2
36.1
36.3
36.5
36.5
36.7
35.5
35.2
35.2
34.0
35.0
Building construction—Continued
50,6747— 59------ 7
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Highway and street
construction
$97.63
98.66
88.21
94. 57
105. 84
103.25
106. 50
112. 31
114. 23
117.04
102. 62
93. 98
93.59
85.40
98.21
41.9
40.6
36.6
38.6
42.0
41.3
41.6
43.7
43.6
44.5
40.4
37.0
38.2
35.0
39.6
$2.33
2.43
2.41
2.45
2. 52
2.50
2.56
2.57
2.62
2.63
2.54
2.54
2.45
2.44
2.48
Special-trade contractors
General contractors
Plumbing and
heating
$2.92 $112.31
3.09 118. 87
3. 19 120. 80
3.18 121. 77
3.18 121. 66
3.19 122. 47
3. 22 124. 64
3. 23 124. 97
3. 26 126. 39
3. 26 126. 39
3.26 121.77
3. 31 127. 59
3.32 127.64
3.30 123. 28
3.30 125. 33
38.2
38.1
37.4
37.7
37.9
37.8
38.0
38.1
38.3
38.3
36.9
38.2
38.1
36.8
37.3
$2.94
3.12
3.23
3.23
3.21
3.24
3.28
3.28
3. 30
3. 30
3.30
3.34
3.35
3.35
3.36
Other specialtrade contractors
$3.17 $102.39
3. 37 106.30
3. 46 105. 43
3. 49 106. 64
3. 52 110. 09
3.55 109.51
3.58 111. 51
3.58 112. 46
3.62 113. 53
36.3 114.12
3.62 110. 66
3.63 107. 24
3.64 108.54
3.63 102.72
3.63 107.21
35.8
35.2
33.9
34.4
35.4
35.1
35.4
35.7
35.7
36.0
34.8
33.2
33.5
32.0
33.4
Painting and
decorating
$99. 81
103. 75
103.80
106. 91
106. 79
107. 71
108. 42
NO. 76
NO. 25
NO. 92
108.73
109.10
107.52
104.63
108. 73
34.9
34.7
33.7
34.6
34.9
35.2
35.2
35.5
35.0
35.1
34.3
34.2
33.6
32.8
34.3
$2.86
2.99
3.08
3.09
3.06
3.06
3.08
3.12
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.19
3.20
3.19
3.17
Manufacturing
Special-trade contractors—Continued
1956: Average_____ $125.22
39.5
39.2
1957: Average_____ 132.10
38.2
1958’ M arch______ 132.17
April_______ 133.32
38.2
M ay________ 135. 52 38.5
June________ 136.68
38.5
July................. 137.11
38.3
August______ 136. 76 38.2
September___ 140.09
38.7
O c to b e r..___ 140.12
38.6
37.2
November___ 134.66
December___ 140. 48 38.7
1959: January_____ 139.41
38.3
February........ 137.58
37.9
March______ 138.67
38.2
See footnotes at end of table.
$2.40
2.63
2.65
2.63
2.62
2.62
2. 59
2. 59
2.60
2. 61
2.61
2.64
2.66
2. 77
2.77
Building construction
$2.63 $101. 92
2.81 106.86
2.88 107. 71
2.85 108.63
2. 86 111.08
2.85 110.77
2.87 112.17
2.90 113.40
2. 95 114. 25
2.95 115.18
2.92 111. 16
2.96 110. 37
2.96 111.65
2.96 108.12
2. 94 110. 95
Electrical work
32.9
31.1
25.0
22.3
25.8
30.9
30.8
28.8
30.8
29.7
29.9
35.3
34.3
2.70
2.76
Contract construction
Nonbuilding
construction—Con.
Other nonbuilding
construction
41.7
41.0
39.4
39.6
39.2
40.2
39. 7
38.5
37.8
40.1
40.1
41.2
41.0
40.8
39.0
Anthracite1
Durable goods
Total: Manufacturing
$2.86 $79.99
3.02 82.39
3.11 81.45
3.10 80. 81
3.11 82.04
3.12 83.10
3.15 83 50
3.15 84.35
3.18 85.39
3.17 85.17
3.18 86. 58
3.23 88. 04
3.24 87.38
3. 21 88.00
3.21 89.24
40.4
39.8
38.0
38.3
38.7
39.2
39.2
39.6
39.9
39.8
39.9
40.2
39.9
40.0
40.2
Durable goods
$1.98 $86.31
2.07 88.66
2.11 87. 75
2.11 87.30
2.12 88.37
2.12 89.89
2.13 89.83
2.13 91.14
2.14 92.46
2.14 91.83
2.17 94.30
2.19 96.29
2.19 94.94
2.20 95.11
2.22 97.10
41.1
40.3
39.0
38.8
39.1
39.6
39.4
39.8
40.2
40.1
40.3
40.8
40.4
40.3
40.8
Nondurable goods
$2.10 $71.10
2.20 73.51
2. 25 73.53
2.25 73.14
2.26 73. 91
2. 27 75.08
2.28 75.66
2.29 76.04
2. 30 77.03
2.29 76.83
2. 34 77.22
2.36 78.01
2.35 77.81
2.36 78.01
2.38 78.61
39.6
39.1
38.1
37.7
38.1
38.7
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.4
39.4
39.6
39.3
39.4
39.5
$1.80
1.88
1.93
1.94
1.94
1.94
1. 94
1.93
1. 95
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.98
1.99
Total: Ordnance
and accessories
$91.54
95.47
99. 72
100.12
99.88
100.94
100.94
100.69
103.00
103.00
103.16
106. 43
105.00
103.57
104. 74
41.8
40.8
40.7
40.7
40.6
40.7
40.7
40.6
41.2
41.2
41.1
41.9
41.5
41.1
41.4
$2.19
2.34
2. 45
2.46
2.46
2. 48
2.48
2.48
2.50
2. 50
2.51
2.54
2.53
2.52
2.53
702
T a ble
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
C -l.
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
hrly.
earn
earn earn wkly.
ings hours ings
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Year and month
Durable goods—Continued
Lumber and wood products (except furniture)
Total: Lumber and Sawmills and planing
wood products (ex
mills 2
cept furniture)
1956: Average_____ $70. 93
1957: Average_____ 72.04
1958: March............. 70.80
April________ 71.39
M ay_______
74.45
June________ 76.14
July------------- 74.28
August______ 77. 74
September___ 80.12
O cto b er.----80.15
November___ 77.59
December....... 77.38
1959: January........... 74.84
February___
74.26
March______
77. 55
40.3
39.8
38.9
38.8
39.6
40.5
39.3
40.7
41.3
41.1
40.2
40.3
39.6
39.5
40.6
1956: Average_____ $72. 90
1957: Average_____
75.55
1958: M arch...........
74.09
April..... ......... 74.28
M ay_______
77. 57
June________ 79.13
July------------- 79.73
August..........
82. 74
September___ 82.91
October_____
82. 54
November___ 80.95
December___
80.16
1959: January_____ 79.79
February____ 78.40
M arch______ 78.99
40.5
40.4
39.2
39.3
40.4
41.0
41.1
42.0
42.3
41.9
41.3
40.9
40.5
40.0
40.3
$1.80 $76.22
1.87 76.00
1.89 78. 39
1.89 78.20
1.92 79. 60
1.93 81.18
1. 94 78. 41
1.97 83.16
1.96 84.85
1.97 85.49
1.96 85.90
1.96 84.05
1.97 85.49
1.96 88.40
1.96 89.87
40.6
39.9
38.5
37.7
37.5
38.6
38.8
40.6
41.2
41.4
41.1
41.6
40.5
40.6
40.7
41.7
39.3
37.3
37.0
36.2
37.0
36.8
38.0
39.8
38.9
38.3
38.2
38.6
38.9
39.1
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
$1.85 $56. 71
1.90 56.23
1.95 54.67
1.96 55.10
1.98 56.34
1.98 58.03
1.97 58.15
1.98 59.60
2.03 59.68
2.05 59.09
2.05 57.31
2. 05 57.38
2.05 57.02
2.08 57.52
2.09 58.84
Wood household fu r
niture [except u p
holstered)
Partitions, shelving,
lockers, and fixtures
$2.09 $84.05
2.17 85.22
2.21 84. 97
2.20 82.84
2.19 84.10
2.23 86.85
2.23 86.14
2.25 88.48
2.27 87.98
2. 27 86.80
2.27 86. 08
2.29 88. 65
2.28 87. 46
2.29 87. 53
2.30 89.10
41.0
40.2
38.8
38.0
38.4
39.3
38.8
39.5
39.1
39.1
38.6
39.4
38.7
38.9
39.6
40.8
39.6
38.5
38.8
39.4
40.3
40.1
41.1
40.6
40.2
39.8
39.3
39.6
39.4
40.3
39.9
39.4
37.9
36.7
35.5
36.9
37.3
39.9
40.7
41.3
41.1
42.1
39.1
39.9
40.4
40.3
40.0
39.5
39.8
39.6
40.2
39.8
40.8
40.7
40.5
41.1
41.2
40.8
40.1
40.4
41.0
39.8
38.6
38.9
39.5
40.6
40.7
41.4
41.1
40.0
39.6
39.4
39.4
39.6
40.3
39.4
39.1
36.4
36.7
38.5
40.6
41.4
41.7
41.8
40.7
39.1
4C.0
40.9
40.2
39.9
41.1
40.5
39.1
39.0
39.7
40.3
40.0
40.8
41.1
41.0
40.9
40.4
40.2
40.4
41.0
Miscellaneous wood
products
Total: Furniture and
fixtures
$1.46 $68.95
1.52 70.00
1. 55 68.32
1. 55 67.26
1.56 66.91
1.58 69.06
1. 59 68.85
1.59 72. 09
1.59 73.80
1.60 73. 39
1.60 73.03
1.60 74.16
1.61 72. 54
1.60 72.32
1.60 73.31
Office, public-build
ing, and profes
sional furniture2
Flat glass
$1.96 $113.30
2.05 114. 62
2.09 108.02
2.09 104.80
2. 09 105.09
2.10 103.32
2.11 108. 29
2.13 122.18
2.16 128.94
2.11 78.12
2.14 123. 51
2.16 133. 35
2.16 136.75
2.17 135.20
2. 21 136. 59
41.2
40.5
37.9
36.9
37.4
36.9
37.6
41.0
42.0
28.1
40.1
42.2
42.6
41.6
41.9
40.8
40.0
38.6
38.0
37.8
38.8
38.9
40.5
41.0
41.0
40.8
41.2
40.3
40.4
40.5
$1.69
1.76
1.77
1.77
1.77
1.78
1.77
1.78
1.80
1.79
1.79
1.80
1.80
1.79
1.81
Wood office furniture
$1.82 $79.61
41.9 $1.90 $71.05
1.89 78.99
40.3
1.96 64. 71
1.92 78.38
38.8
2.02 60.10
1.93 77. 99 38.8
2.01 60.38
1.94 76. 42 38.4
1.99 60.64
1.97 78. 59
39.1
2.01 63.92
1.95 77. 81
39.1
1.99 63.11
1.97 82.22
40.5
2.03 64.94
1.97 83.84
41.1
2.04 66.41
1.97 81.80
40.1
2. 04 65.31
1.94 81.00
39.9
2.03 63.49
1.92 82.62
2. 05 67.47
40.3
2. 04 82.21
2. 05 68.26
40.1
2. 00 82.21
2. 04 67.78
40.3
2. 01 82.21
2.05 67.20
40.1
Stone, clay, and glass products
Total: Stone, clay,
and glass products
$1.64 $80. 56
1.71 83.03
1. 76 81.72
1.76 81. 51
1. 78 82. 97
1. 77 84.63
1.77 84.40
1.77 86.90
1.78 88. 78
1.77 86.51
1.80 87.53
1.82 87.26
1.83 86. 83
1.81 87.67
1.82 90. 61
40.7 $1.83
39.0 $2.33 $74.48
38.2
2. 32 75.60
1.89
40.0
39.4
1.92
37.7
2.30 75.65
37.4
39.4
1.93
2.30 76.04
2. 34 78.20
39.0
1.95
40.1
39.3
2.34 79.58
40.6
1.96
38.9
2. 35 79.18
40.4
1.96
2. 37 82. 57
41.7
1.98
39.8
2.41 83.18
1.99
39.9
41.8
39.9
2.41 83. 42
41.5
2.01
2. 40 83.21
41.4
38.8
2.01
39.2
2.39 81.00
40.5
2.00
37.1
2.37 81.41
40.5
2.01
37.9
2.36 81.81
2.01
40.7
39. 5 2. 37 83.22
41.2
2.02
Furniture and fixtures
$1.38 $60.01
41.1
1.42 61.56
40.5
1.40 61.85
39.9
1.41 61.69
39.8
1.43 61.62
39.5
1.44 63.36
40.1
1.47 62.96
39.6
1.45 64.40
40.5
1.46 64.87
40.8
1.44 66.08 . 41.3
1.40 65.28
40.8
1.43 65.60
41.0
1.41 65.37
40.6
1.43 64.80
40.5
1.44 65.60
41.0
M attresses and
bedsprings
$1.80 $71.71
1.84 73.90
1.85 69.89
1.85 70.83
1.85 74. 69
1.86 79.98
1.85 80. 73
1. 86 82.15
1.87 82.35
1.89 80.18
1.89 75.85
1. 91 76.80
1.88 83. 44
1.87 80.40
1.88 80. 20
Screens, blinds, and
miscellaneous fur
niture and fixtures
$2.05 $66.09
2.12 68.40
2.19 69.52
2.18 70.05
2.19 70.49
2.21 71.15
2.22 70.45
2.24 72.22
2.25 72.45
2.22 71.69
2.23 73.98
2.25 74.98
2. 26 74.66
2.25 72.58
2.25 73. 53
West
Wooden boxes, other
than cigar
$1.39 $56. 58
1.42 56.52
1.42 54.04
1.42 54.85
1.43 56.49
1. 44 58. 46
1.45 59. 83
1.45 60. 03
1.47 60.01
1.47 57.60
1.44 55. 44
1.46 56.34
1.44 55. 55
1.46 56.63
1.46 58.03
Wood household fu r
niture, upholstered
$1.62 $59.20
41.4 $1.43 $71.82
1.67 59. 79 40.4
1.48 72.50
1.68 57.96
38.9
1.49 70.12
1.68 56.77
38.1
1.49 67.90
1.68 56. 77 38.1
1.49 65. 68
1.69 58.05
1.50 68.63
38.7
1.69 58.20
1.50 69. 01
38.8
1.69 61.20
40.8
1.50 74.21
41.5
1.71 63.08
1.52 76.11
1.52 78. 06
1.71 63.69
41.9
1.71 63.38
1.52 77. 68
41.7
1.71 63. 54 41.8
1.52 80.41
1.71 62.21
1. 51 73. 51
41.2
41.1
1.71 62.47
1. 52 74. 61
1.72 63.60
1.54 75. 95
41.3
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
M etal office furniture
1956: Average_____ $87.15
1957: Average_____ 85.28
82. 43
1958: March______
April................ 81.40
M ay________ 79.28
June________ 82. 51
J u ly - ............ - 82. 06
August______ 85.50
September___ 90.35
October_____
88.30
November___ 86.94
December___
87.48
1959: January___ _ 88.01
February____ 89.08
M arch______
89.93
41.2
40.0
40.2
39.9
40.2
41.0
39.8
42.0
41.8
41.7
41.9
41.0
41.7
42.5
43.0
South
40.3 $1.79 $49.09
41.6 $1.18 $90.87
1.82 49.29
39.3
40.4
1.22 88.62
38.6
1.81 48.83
39.7
1.23 86.71
38.5
1.23 86.02
1.81 48.83
39.7
1.86 49. 94 40.6
39.8
1.23 91.26
40.6
1.86 51.00
41.8
1.22 91.96
39.7
1.88 50.43
41.0
1.23 91.42
42.2
1.24 94. 33
1.90 52. 33
40.8
1.91 52.15
41.1
42.4
1.23 96.16
40.9
1.91 52. 58 42.4
1.24 96.16
42.1
1.90 52.20
40.1
1.24 93.12
40.1
1.89 51.25
41.0
1.25 93.69
39.1
1.86 51.25
41.0
1.25 87.93
39.4
1.86 51.25
1.25 89.44
41.0
40.7
1.87 53. 05
42.1
1.26 93. 62
(exeept furniture)—Continued
Wooden containers2
P lyw ood
Household furniture 2
1956: Average_____ $65. 77
1957: Average_____ 66.63
1958: March............. 64.68
Aprll________ 63.34
M ay________ 63.00
June________ 65.23
July................. 65. 57
August______ 68. 61
September___ 70. 45
October_____
70. 79
November__ _ 70.28
December___
71.14
1959: January........... 69.26
February.......
69.43
M arch.. ___ 70. 00
United States
$1.76 $71.51
40.4 $1.77 $72.14
1.81 70.92
39.4
1.80 71.53
1.82 69.09
38.6
1.79 69.87
1.79 69.69
1.84 68.92
38.5
1.88 73.05
1.84 74.03
39.7
1.84 75.52
1.88 74.52
40.5
1.89 73.66
39.6
1.86 74. 64
1.91 76.70
40.8
1.88 77. 52
1.94 77.68
41.1
1.89 78. 50
1.95 77.30
40.9
1.89 78.12
1.93 75.39
1.88 76.19
40.1
1.92 75.17
40.2
1.87 75. 79
1.84 72.73
1.89 72. 31 39.3
39.6
1.84 73.28
1.88 72.86
1.91 75.48
1.85 76.11
40.8
Lumber and wood products
M illw ork
Millwork, plywood,
and prefabricated
structural
wood
products *
S aw m ills and planing m ills, general
42.8
40.7
37.1
37.5
37.9
39.7
40.2
41.1
42.3
41.6
40.7
42.7
42.4
42.1
42.0
$1.66
1.59
1.62
1.61
1.60
1.61
1.57
1.58
1.57
1.57
1.56
1.58
1. 61
1.61
1.60
Glass and glassware,
pressed or blown 2
$2.75 $79.40
2.83 83.58
2.85 86.00
2.84 83.85
2.81 84.71
2.80 86.40
2.88 84.28
2.98 85.97
3.07 85.97
2. 78 87.67
3.08 87.16
3.16 87.16
3.21 86.11
3.25 87.82
3.26 89.02
39.7
39.8
40.0
39.0
39.4
40.0
39.2
39.8
39.8
40.4
39.8
39.8
39.5
40.1
40.1
$2.00
2.10
2.15
2.15
2.15
2.16
2.15
2.16
2.16
2.17
2.19
2.19
2.18
2.19
2.22
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T a ble
C -l.
703
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkiy, wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Year and month
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed or blown glass Glass products made
of purchased glass
1956: Average_____ $80.59
1957: Average_____ 85.01
1958: M arch______
87.29
April............... 86.58
M ay________ 87. 67
June________ 88. 75
July------------- 86. 37
August............ 88.07
September___ 86. 58
October_____
88. 73
November___ 87.23
December___
86. 98
1959: January_____
86.98
February____ 87.60
March______
89. 47
39.7
40.1
40.6
39.9
40 4
40.9
39.8
40.4
39.9
40.7
40.2
39.9
39.9
40.0
40.3
$2.03 $77.81
2.12 81.56
2.15 83.67
2.17 79.92
2.17 80.14
2.17 81.79
2.17 80.77
2.18 82.04
2.17 85.14
2.18 86.40
2.17 87.25
2.18 87.12
2.18 84.80
2.19 88.44
2.22 88.18
Floor and wall tile
1956: A verage____ $73. 57
1957: Average_____ 75.81
1958: March______
74.30
April_______
74.11
M ay................ 76. 44
June________ 77.39
July------------- 77.18
August--------- 78. 59
September___ 79. 37
October_____
78.99
November___ 78.00
December___
78.60
1959: January____
78.99
February____ 78.01
M a rch ........... 78.01
40.2
39.9
38.9
38.6
39.4
40.1
40.2
40.3
40.7
40.3
40.0
40.1
40.3
39.6
39.6
39.7
39.4
39.1
37.7
37.8
38.4
38.1
38.7
39.6
40.0
39.3
39.6
38.9
40.2
39.9
$1.96 $69.12
2.07 70.67
2.14 68.20
2.12 67.88
2.12 68.99
2.13 69.72
2.12 70.25
2.12 72. 68
2.15 75.70
2.16 75.07
2.22 76.45
2.20 77. 64
2.18 72.89
2.20 71. 74
2.21 71.71
Sewer pipe
$1.83 $72. 76
1. 90 73.26
1.91 65. 66
1.92 67.69
1.94 73.34
1.93 76.82
1.92 76. 63
1.95 77. 81
1.95 79. 59
1.96 79.60
1.95 76.44
1.96 71.76
1.96 71.80
1.97 73.34
1.97 76.83
40.2
39.6
35.3
36.2
38.0
39.6
39.5
39.7
40.4
40.2
39.0
36.8
37.2
38.0
39.2
40.9
39.7
38.1
37.5
37.7
38.1
38.6
39.5
40.7
40.8
41.1
41.3
39.4
39.2
39.4
39.2
38.8
34.8
35.0
35.8
37.0
37.1
37.3
38.7
38.6
38.3
37.7
38.2
39.7
39.5
Structural clay
products3
41.3 $2.03 $73.44
40.8 $1.80 $69.97
41.9 $1.67
40.7
2.16 74.61
39.9
1.87 69.60
40.7
1.71
39.1
2.23 71.25
37.9
1.88 67.37
39.4
1.71
40.1
2.24 72.38
38.5
1.88 69.95
40.2
1. 74
40.6
2.24 74.28
39.3
1.89 70. 82 40.7
1.74
40.4
2.28 76.17
40.3
1.89 72.80
41.6
1. 75
2.34 76.19
40.7
40.1
1.90 72.63
1.75
41.5
40.5
2.36 77. 95 40.6
1.92 73.85
42.2
1.75
41.1
2. 38 79. 35 40.9
1.94 73. 33
41.9
1. 75
40.8
2.37 79.15
1.94 74.03
40.8
42.3
1.75
41.1
2.37 78.18
1.94 73.39
40.3
1.76
41.7
40.5
2.35 75.85
39.1
1.94 68. 51 39.6
1.73
39.4
2.36 75.66
39.2
1.93 68.40
40.0
1. 71
39.8
2.35 77.03
39.5
1.95 68.34
40.2
1.70
40.3
2.37 78.79
40.2
1.96 70.93
41.0
1.73
Pottery and related Concrete, gypsum, and
Concrete
products
products
plaster products 3
$2.05 $72.20
2.16 73.48
2.24 73.24
2.24 71.60
2.24 70.85
2.25 71.40
2.32 70.38
2.35 71.71
2. 37 74. 30
2. 36 75.52
2.38 77.29
2.37 76.43
2.38 77.17
2.41 78.87
2.42 79.04
37.8
37.3
35.9
35.1
34.9
35.0
34.5
35.5
36.6
37.2
37.7
37.1
37.1
38.1
38.0
$1.91 $81.88
1.97 82. 75
2.04 80.16
2.04 81.76
2.03 85. 77
2.04 88.20
2.04 89. 49
2.02 90.50
2.03 90. 37
2.03 91.80
2.05 88.91
2.06 86. 51
2.08 85. 67
2.07 85.48
2.08 89.20
44.5
43.1
40.9
41.5
43.1
44.1
44.3
44.8
44.3
45.0
43.8
42.2
42.2
41.9
43.3
$1.84 $78.75
1.92 80.04
1.96 78.69
1.97 80.64
1.99 84.58
2.00 85.94
2.02 86. 78
2.02 87.75
2.04 87. 47
2.04 88.40
2.03 84.39
2.05 80. 34
2. 03 80. 51
2.04 79. 54
2.06 84.35
45.0 $1.75
1.84
43.5
1.91
41.2
1.92
42.0
1.94
43.6
1.94
44.3
44.5
1.95
1.95
45.0
44.4
1.97
45.1
1.96
43.5
1. 94
1.95
41.2
1.94
41.5
41.0
1.94
42.6
1.98
Primary metal
Industrie
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Cut-stone and stone
products
1966: Average_____ $69.87
1957: Average_____ 70.98
1958: M arch.........
71.96
April_______
73.21
M ay________ 74. 98
June________ 74.26
July------------- 72. 94
August--------- 73. 21
September___ 75. 21
October_____
75.26
November___ 72. 58
72.07
December___
1959: January_____
71.31
February____ 72.04
M a rch ........... 73. 35
41.1
40.1
40.2
40.9
41.2
40.8
40.3
40.9
41.1
40.9
40.1
39.6
39.4
39.8
40.3
$1.70 $83.23
1.77 86.67
1.79 85.67
1.79 83.98
1.82 84.58
1.82 87.74
1.81 85.75
1.79 89.42
1.83 91.35
1.84 91.62
1.81 91.80
1.82 93. 94
1. 81 94.16
1. 81 95.04
1.82 95.49
Blast furnaces, steel
works, and rolling
m ills3
1956: Average_____ $102.06
40.5
1957: Average_____ 104. 79 39.1
1958: March______ 100. 46 36.4
April_______ 100.91
36.3
M a y . . _____ 101.66
36.7
June................ 106.60
37.8
July------------- 111.72
38.0
August______ 112.18
37.9
September___ 115. 71 38.7
October......... 114. 52 38.3
November___ 115. 50 38.5
December___ 116.40
38.8
1959: January_____ 120.08
39.5
February____ 122.00
40.0
M arch............ 125. 36 40.7
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Miscellaneous nonmetalllc mineral
products 3
40.8
40.5
39.3
38.7
38.8
39.7
38.8
40.1
40.6
40.9
40.8
41.2
41.3
41.5
41.7
Blast furnaces, steel
works, and rolling
mills, except electro
metallurgical prod
ucts
$2.52 $102.47
2.68 105.18
2.76 100. 55
2.78 101.00
2. 77 101. 75
2.82 106.97
2. 94 112.10
2.96 112. 56
2. 99 116.10
2.99 114.90
3.00 115. 89
3.00 116. 79
3.04 120. 48
3. 05 122.40
3. 08 125. 76
40.5
39.1
36.3
36.2
36.6
37.8
38.0
37.9
38.7
38.3
38.5
38.8
39.5
40.0
40.7
Abrasive products
$2.04 $88.62
2.14 90.74
2.18 89.01
2.17 87.09
2.18 86.95
2.21 87.89
2. 21 86.86
2.23 87.78
2. 25 92. 50
2.24 95.18
2.25 95.58
2.28 98.88
2.28 98.09
2.29 100.04
2.29 98. 98
$2. 53
2.69
2. 77
2.79
2. 78
2.83
2. 95
2.97
3.00
3. 00
3. 01
3.01
3. 05
3.06
3.09
40.1
39.8
38.7
37.7
37.0
37.4
37.6
38.0
39.7
40.5
40.5
41.2
40.7
41.0
40.9
$2.21
2.28
2.30
2.31
2. 35
2.35
2. 31
2.31
2. 33
2.35
2.36
2.40
2.41
2.44
2.42
Electrometallurgical
products
$88.22
93.26
96.00
99.55
97.91
98.60
100. 65
99. 65
101.45
100. 75
103.12
102.72
103. 07
103.22
104.14
40.1
40.2
40.0
40.8
39.8
39.6
40.1
39.7
40.1
40.3
40.6
40.6
40.9
40.8
41.0
Brick and hollow tile
$1.69 $83.84
1.78 87.91
1.79 87.19
1.81 89.82
1.83 90.94
1.83 92.11
1.82 95.24
1.84 95.58
1.86 97.82
1.84 96.70
1.86 97.41
1.88 95.18
1.85 92.98
1. 83 93.53
1.82 95. 51
Clay refractories
$1.81 $80.36
1.85 83.81
1.86 77.95
1.87 78.40
1.93 80.19
1. 94 83.25
1.94 86. 07
1.96 87.66
1.97 91.72
1.98 91.10
1.96 91.15
1.95 89.35
1. 93 90.92
1.93 95.68
1.96 95.59
Cement, hydaullc
Asbestos products
$84.65
89.87
84.50
84.07
86. 80
90.42
88.75
95.49
94.39
94.21
92.21
94.66
95.99
96.25
98.64
41.7
41.8
39.3
39.1
40.0
41.1
39.8
41.7
41.4
41.5
40.8
41.7
42.1
42.4
42.7
$2.03
2.15
2.15
2.15
2.17
2.20
2. 23
2.29
2. 28
2.27
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.27
2.31
Iron and steel found
ries 3
$2.20 $87.34
2.32 87.64
2.40 82.54
2.44 81.52
2.46 82.67
2.49 85.10
2.51 86.16
2. 51 86.25
2.53 88. 77
2. 50 87.93
2.54 91.87
2.53 94.17
2.52 94.80
2.53 95.28
2. 54 97. 53
41.2
39.3
36.2
35.6
36.1
37.0
37.3
37.5
38.1
37.9
38.6
39.4
39.5
39.7
40.3
Nonclay refractories
$89.38
90.20
83.63
82.69
83. 78
87.97
89. 67
92.13
99.18
95.63
97.64
107. 01
99.43
104.14
107. 53
39.2
37.9
34.7
34.6
35.2
36.5
36.9
37.0
39.2
38.1
38.9
41.0
39.3
39.9
41.2
$2.28
2.38
2. 41
2.39
2.38
2.41
2. 43
2.49
2. 53
2. 51
2.51
2.61
2.53
2.61
2.61
Gray-iron foundries
$2.12 $83.84
2.23 84.15
2.28 79.39
2.29 78.62
2.29 80.86
2.30 83.03
2.31 84. 22
2.30 84.15
2. 33 87. 25
2.32 85.88
2.38 90.48
2.39 92.28
2.40 93.14
2.40 93.38
2.42 95.20
40.7
38.6
35.6
35.1
36.1
36.9
37.1
37.4
38.1
38.0
38.5
39.1
39.3
39.4
40.0
Total: Primary metal
Industries
$96.52
98. 75
95.35
95.20
96.23
99.96
102. 91
103.95
106. 74
106. 59
108.08
109.45
110.80
112.72
114.93
40.9
39.5
37.1
36.9
37.3
38.3
38.4
38.5
39.1
38.9
39.3
39.8
40.0
40.4
40.9
$2.36
2.50
2. 57
2.58
2.58
2. 61
2. 68
2.70
2.73
2.74
2. 75
2.75
2.77
2. 79
2.81
Malleable-iron found
ries
$2.06 $83.84
2.18 84.63
2.23 83.17
2.24 80.33
2.24 81.45
2.25 86.41
2. 27 84.83
2.25 86.03
2. 29 88. 94
2.26 85.33
2.35 91.03
2.36 96.87
2.37 92. 75
2.37 93. 77
2.38 95.04
40.5
39.0
36.8
35.7
36.2
37.9
37.7
37.9
38.5
37.1
38.9
40.7
39.3
39.9
40.1
$2.07
2.17
2.26
2.25
2. 25
2.28
2.25
2.27
2. 31
2.30
2.34
2.38
2.36
2.35
2.37
704
T a ble
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
C -l.
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Year and month
Primary metal industries—Continued
Steel foundries
1956: Average...........
1957: Average..........
1958: March.............
April...............
M a y ................
June................
July.................
August..........
September___
October...........
November___
December.......
1959: January...........
February____
March______
$95.63
95.65
89.28
88.08
87.00
88.81
91.50
91.74
92. 61
94.35
95. 73
98.60
100. 00
101.81
103. 98
42.5
40.7
37.2
36.7
36.1
36.7
37.5
37.6
37.8
38.2
38.6
39.6
40.0
40.4
41.1
$2. 25
2.35
2.40
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.44
2.44
2. 45
2. 47
2.48
2.49
2. 50
2. 52
2.53
Rolling, drawing,
and alloying
of copper
1956: Average..........
1957: Average_____
1958: M arch.............
April...............
M ay................
June________
Ju ly ................
August______
September___
October_____
November___
December___
1959: January-------February____
M arch.............
$95.18
94. 54
92.16
90.82
91.54
98.17
99. 88
101. 52
102. 59
104. 42
107. 95
108.89
107.19
109. 74
112. 58
42.3
40.4
38.4
38.0
38.3
40.4
40.6
41.1
41.2
41.6
42.5
42.7
42.2
42.7
43.3
$2. 25
2.34
2.40
2.39
2.39
2.43
2.46
2. 47
2.49
2.51
2. 54
2. 55
2. 54
2. 57
2. 60
Primary smelting
P rim a ry sm elting and
and refining of
refining o f copper,
nonferrous metals 8
lead, and zinc
$91.46
95.82
97.69
97.04
96.96
96.96
98. 55
99. 54
101.05
102. 36
104.04
105. 06
105.16
105.06
104.14
1956: Average...........
1957: Average_____
1958: March.............
April.......... .
M ay ......... ......
June________
July.................
August______
September___
October_____
November___
December___
1959: January_____
February____
March______
$94. 48
99.05
95.74
99.96
97.66
102.83
107. 74
112.34
105.18
110.00
108. 78
107. 56
110.28
109. 81
116. 05
40.9 $2. 31
40.1
2. 47
37.4
2.56
39.2
2. 55
38.0
2.57
2. 61
39.4
40.2
2. 68
2.72
41.3
2.69
39.1
40. C 2. 75
39.7
2.74
39.4
2. 73
40.1
2. 75
39.5
2. 78
2. 81
41.3
H ardware
1956: Average........... $83.44
1957: Average_____ 89.13
85.0c
1958: March...........
April............... 82.56
M a y ________ 85. 8C
June________ 88. 9S
July................. 86. 80
August............ 90.9i
September___ 88. 40
October_____ 90.9c
November___ 97.98
December___ 103. lc
1959: January........... 95.87
February____ 94.91
M arch______ 95.63
$90.90
96.00
102.62
102. 47
103.68
106.04
101. 26
107. 20
108.27
110.97
112.19
110.16
108. 54
113. 30
114.81
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
40.4
40.0
40.4
40.5
40.5
41.1
39.4
40.0
40.1
41.1
41.4
40.8
40.2
41.5
41.9
$88. 81
89. 91
88.98
88.31
87.42
89.10
90.46
89.24
91. 01
91.54
94.89
96. 00
96.74
94. 71
95.12
41.5
40.5
39.9
39.6
39.2
39.6
39.5
38.8
39.4
39.8
40.9
41.2
41.7
41.0
41.0
$2.14
2.22
2.23
2.23
2.23
2.25
2. 29
2.30
2.31
2. 30
2.32
2. 33
2.32
2.31
2.32
Nonferrous foundries
$2.25 $88.94
2.40 91.20
2.54 89. 71
2. 53 88.86
2.56 90.87
2.58 93.60
2. 57 91.96
2.68 93. 60
2.70 95.18
2.70 94.87
2.71 96.63
2.70 98. 95
2. 70 98.16
2. 73 97. 44
2. 74 97. 51
40.8
40.0
38.5
38.3
39.0
40.0
39.3
40.0
40.5
40.2
40.6
41.4
40.9
40.6
40.8
$95.34
103.68
109. 89
109. 62
110. 43
108.80
108. 78
115. 20
117. 38
118. 90
117.74
118. 49
117.05
117. 45
118.32
40.4
40.5
40.7
40.6
40.6
40.0
39.7
40.0
40.9
41.0
40.6
41.0
40.5
40.5
40.8
$2.36
2.56
2.70
2.70
2.72
2. 72
2. 74
2.88
2.87
2.90
2. 90
2.89
2.89
2. 90
2. 90
Miscellaneous primary metal
industries 8
$2.18 $100.14
2.28 100. 85
2.33 96.90
2.32 96.14
2.33 97.02
2.34 101.14
2. 34 102.83
2.34 104.15
2.35 106.13
2. 36 106. 93
2.38 109.48
2.39 111.38
2.40 111. 38
2. 40 112. 89
2. 39 114. 40
41.9
40.5
38.0
37.7
37.9
39.2
39.4
39.6
39.9
39.9
40.4
41.1
41.1
41.2
41.6
Secondary smelting
and refining of
nonferrous metals
$85.04
87.53
85.24
87.60
85. 72
86.37
88.44
89.73
90. 72
93.15
93.34
93.30
92. 43
92. 03
94. 21
42.1
40.9
39.1
40.0
39.5
39.8
40.2
40.6
40.5
41.4
41.3
41.1
40.9
40.9
41.5
$2.02
2.14
2.18
2.19
2.17
2.17
2.20
2.21
2.24
2. 25
2.26
2. 27
2.26
2.25
2. 27
Iron and steel forgings
$2.39 $105.42
2.49 105. 97
2. 55 99.53
2. 55 97.94
2.56 98. 58
2.58 101.46
2.61 103. 60
2.63 101. 57
2. 66 104.34
2.68 104.83
2.71 108. 42
2. 71 113.12
2. 71 112. 56
2. 74 114.21
2. 75 113. 65
42.0
40.6
37.7
37.1
37.2
38.0
38.8
37.9
38.5
38.4
39.0
40.4
40.2
40.5
40.3
$2. 51
2. 61
2. 64
2. 64
2. 65
2. 67
2. 67
2. 68
2. 71
2. 73
2.78
2.80
2.80
2. 82
2.82
Rolling, drawing, and
alloying of nonferrous
metals *
$93. 38
95. 51
96.68
95.80
96.43
101.09
99.75
103.02
104. 60
106.30
108. 52
108. 94
106.97
110. 56
112. 20
41.5
40.3
39.3
39.1
39.2
40.6
39.9
40.4
40.7
41.2
41.9
41.9
41.3
42.2
42.5
$2.25
2.37
2.46
2. 45
2. 46
2. 49
2.50
2. 55
2. 57
2. 58
2. 59
2.60
2. 59
2.62
2. 64
W ire drawing
$96. 83
96.63
93. 84
91.26
94.33
99. 45
99.25
102. 72
105.88
105. 52
107. 90
110. 40
107. 74
108. 99
111.67
42.1
40.6
38.3
37.4
38.5
40.1
39.7
40.6
41.2
40.9
41.5
42.3
41.6
41.6
42.3
$2.30
2.38
2. 45
2. 44
2.45
2.48
2. 50
2.53
2. 57
2. 58
2.60
2.61
2.59
2.62
2.64
Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment)
Total: Fabricated
metal products
$85.28
88.94
87.42
87.14
88. 65
90.80
91.20
92.52
93.89
93.02
94. 66
96. 0C
93.96
9 4 . is
95. 65
41.2
40.8
39.2
38.9
39.4
40.0
40.0
40.4
41.0
40.8
40.8
41.2
40.5
40.4
40.7
$2.07
2.18
2. 23
2. 24
2.25
2. 27
2.28
2. 2E
2.2C
2. 28
2.32
2. 3S
2.32
2. 33
2.35
Heating apparatus
(except electric) and
plumbers’ supplies 8
40.7 $2.05 $79.99
2.11 83.95
40.7
38. Î
2.22 85.41
37.7
2.11 85.14
39. C 2.2( 84.75
39.7
2. 24 87.07
39.1
2. 22 86.1C
40.8
2.2c 88. 5S
40. C 2 .2 1 92. 0c
43. Í
2.1C 92. 7C
42.6
2.3( 90. 5C
43.7
2.36 90.9C
41.5
2.3] 89.6C
41. Í
2.3( 91.66
41.4
2.31 91.20
See footnotes at end of table.
$2.22
2.36
2.43
2.42
2.43
2.43
2.47
2. 52
2. 52
2. 54
2. 55
2. 55
2. 54
2. 55
2. 54
Rolling, drawing,
and alloying
of alum inum
Primary metal in
dustries—Continued
Welded and heavyriveted p ipe
41.2
40.6
40.2
40.1
39.9
39.9
39.9
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.8
41.2
41.4
41.2
41.0
P rim a ry refining of
alum inum
Tin cans and other
tinware
Cutlery, handtools,
and hardware 8
$92.20
96.88
100. 36
98. 74
102.59
106.68
107. 68
110.16
107. 78
106. 55
108. 52
106. 45
106.86
107. 27
106. 86
$81.60
85.65
82.94
81.53
83.21
85.67
84.46
86.80
86.18
87. 99
92.77
96. 02
91.62
91.21
92. 03
42.1
41.4
41.3
40.3
41.2
42.5
42.9
43.2
42.6
41.3
41.9
41.1
41.1
41.1
41.1
$2.19
2.34
2.43
2.45
2.49
2.51
2. 51
2. 55
2. 53
2. 58
2. 5E
2. 5C
2.6C
2.61
2.60
Sanitary ware and
plum bers’ supplies
39.6 $2.02 $82.68
2.12 86.41
39.6
39. C 2.1C 87.94
2.2C 86.94
38.7
38.7
2.1C 86.7C
39.4
2.21 91.48
39. C 2. 21 88. 85
39. C 2.22 90.62
40. C 2.25 94.24
41.2
2.25 92. 97
40.4
2. 24 94. 3(
40.4
2. 25 95.94
2.24 93.9(
40. (
40.2
2.28 96.72
2.28 97.44
40.0
40.8
40.4
38.4
38.1
38.7
39.3
39.1
40.0
39.9
41.7
41.6
42.3
40.9
40.9
40.9
Cutlery and edge tools
$2.00 $72.62
2.12 74. 77
2.16 74.11
2.14 75.26
2.15 75.85
2.18 75.46
2.16 75.83
2.17 75.05
2.16 76.78
2.11 78. 78
2.23 79.77
2. 27 78. 98
2.24 77.79
2.23 79.58
2. 25 78.60
40.8
40.2
38.6
39.2
39.1
39.1
39.7
39.5
40.2
40.4
40.7
40.5
40.1
40.6
39.9
$1.78 $82. 82
1.86 83. 37
1.92 82. 99
1.92 82.94
1.94 81.38
1.93 83.71
1.91 83.76
1.90 84.70
1.91 87. 25
1.95 88. 31
1.96 89. 38
1.95 89. 20
1.94 89.82
1.96 90. 45
1.97 91. 94
Oil burners, nonelectrie heating and cook- Fabricated structural
ing a p p a ra tu s, not
metal products 8
elsewhere classified
39.0 $2.12 $79.00
2. 21 82. 58
39.1
38.4
2.2t 84.1C
37. S 2.3C 84.07
37. C 2. 2E 83.85
2.31 84.8E
39.6
2.2C 84. 85
38.8
39.4
2.3C 87.42
40.1
2.35 91.27
39. C 2.3c 92. 8C
2.34 88.83
40. a
41. C 2.34 88.84
2. 3c 88.18
40. a
40. a
2. 4( 89.02
2.40 88. 53
40.6
39.9 $1.98 $87. 57
2.08 92.9E
39.7
2. li 91. OS
39.3
39.1
2.15 90.46
39.0
2.15 91.54
39.3
2.16 93.56
39.1
2.17 94. 94
40.1
2. IS 96. 52
41.3
2 .2 1
96.46
41. S 2. 22 95.11
2.2( 94.8C
40.4
40.2
2. 21 95.04
39. C 2.21 92.9S
40. 1 2 .2 2 93.62
39.7
2.23 94.72
Handtools
41.0
39.7
38.6
38.4
37.5
38.4
38.6
38.5
39.3
39.6
39.9
40.0
40.1
40.2
40.5
$2.02
2.10
2.16
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.17
2.20
2.22
2.23
2.24
2. 23
2.24
2. 25
2. 27
Structural steel and
ornamental metalwork
41.5 $2.11 $87. 57
2.2a 94.73
41.7
39.6
2.3C 91.31
39.5
2.29 90.91
39. S 2.3C 93.09
2.31 94. 02
40.5
2. 35 95. 88
40. i
40. C 2.36 9 7 . 2a
40.7
2.37 96. 05
2. 36 94. 56
4o. a
40. C 2. 37 93. 46
2. 37 92.59
40.1
39.4
2. 36 91.0c
39.5
2.37 92.51
39.8
2.38 93.22
41.5
42.1
39.7
39.7
40.3
40.7
40.8
41.2
40.7
39.9
39.6
39.4
38.9
39.2
39.5
$ 2 .1 1
2.25
2.30
2.29
2.31
2.31
2.35
2.36
2. 36
2. 37
2.36
2. 35
2.34
2.36
2.36
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able C -l.
705
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
ho u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
hours
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
ings
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
ings
M a n u fa c tu rin g —C o n tin u e d
Y e a r a n d m o n th
D u ra b le goods—C o n tin u e d
F a b ric a te d m e ta l p ro d u c ts (except ord n an ce, m a ch in ery , a n d tra n s p o rta tio n e q u ip m e n t)—C o n tin u e d
M eta l doors, sash,
fra m es, m olding
and trim
1956: A v erag e______
1957: A v erag e______
1958: M a r c h _______
A p ril_________
M a y _________
J u n e _________
J u ly ------ ------- A u g u st_______
S e p te m b e r___
O cto b e r...........N o v e m b e r____
D ecem b er____
1959: J a n u a r y ______
F e b r u a r y _____
M a r c h _______
$84.85
89. 79
86.36
84.86
87.52
88. 75
90.68
91.30
91.71
91.13
92.11
92.11
86.24
87. 01
89.60
40.6
41.0
38.9
38.4
39.6
39.8
40.3
40.4
40.4
40.5
40.4
40.4
38.5
38.5
39.3
$2.09 $87.98
2.19 92. 77
2.22 92.97
2.21 92.73
2.21 90.17
2.23 94.71
2.25 94.96
2.26 95.92
2.27 97.04
2.25 97.53
2.28 97.44
2.28 98. 58
2.24 97.69
2. 26 96.47
2.28 97.36
L ig h tin g fixtures
1956: A v erag e______ $76.40
1957: A v erag e______
79.80
1958: M a r c h ...............
74. 77
A p r il_________
75.75
M a y . . .............. 78.13
J u n e _________
80.57
J u ly --------------81.97
A u g u s t ...........
81.81
S e p te m b e r___
83.84
O c to b e r...........
81.40
N o v e m b e r___
85.48
D e c em b er____
85.48
1959: J a n u a r y ............
85.03
F e b r u a r y _____ 84.21
M a r c h _______
84. 61
40.0
39.7
37.2
37.5
38.3
39.3
39.6
40.3
40.7
40.7
40.9
40.9
40.3
40.1
40.1
Boiler-shop products
41.5
41.6
39.9
39.8
38.7
40.3
39.9
39.8
40.1
40.3
40.1
40.4
40.2
39.7
39.9
$2.12 $90. 52
2.23 93. 56
2.33 91.64
2.33 92.43
2.33 95.24
2.35 97.47
2.38 96. 32
2.41 101.70
2.42 101.22
2.42 99.12
2.43 96.48
2. 44 99.87
2.43 98.42
2.43 98.90
2. 44 99. 55
F a b ric a te d w ire
p ro d u cts
$1.91 $80. 75
2.01 82.21
2.01 80.29
2.02 80.26
2.04 81.30
2.05 82.92
2. 07 82. 89
2.03 82.92
2.06 87.10
2.00 86.48
2.09 86.58
2.09 90.25
2.11 88.75
2.10 87. 67
2.11 88. 70
41.2
40.1
38.6
38.4
38.9
39.3
39.1
39.3
40.7
40.6
39.9
41.4
40.9
40.4
40.5
Sheet-metal work
42.3
41.4
39.5
39.5
40.7
41.3
40.3
42.2
42.0
41.3
40.2
41.1
40.5
40.7
40.8
42.2
41.4
38.4
37.5
38.0
38.9
39.4
40.3
41.4
41.1
41.5
41.8
41.6
41.8
42.4
F abricated m etal
products
(except
ordnance, m achin
ery & tra n sp o rtatio n
e q u ip m e n t)—C on.
Screw-machine
products
1956: A v erag e______ $85. 63
1957: A v erage______
87.99
1958: M a r c h ...............
80.98
A p r il................. 79.76
M a y _________
79.76
J u n e _________
82.01
J u ly __________
84.10
A u g u st_______
86.43
S e p te m b e r___
88. 34
O c to b e r______
89.82
N o v e m b e r___
90.03
D e cem b er......... 91.56
1959: J a n u a r y ............
91.78
F e b r u a r y .........
92. 40
M a r c h _______
93.73
42.6
41.7
38.2
37.8
37.8
38.5
39.3
40.2
40.9
41.2
41.3
42.0
42.1
42.0
42.8
Tractors
1956: A v erag e______ $90.27
1957: A v erag e______
93.22
1958: M a r c n _______
94.24
A p ril_________ 98.21
M a y _________ 102.97
J u n e ................... 100.44
J u l y .................... 103. 53
A u g u st_______
98. 36
S e p te m b e r___
96. 75
O c to b e r______
98.89
N o v e m b e r___
90.21
D ecem b er____
99.33
1959: J a n u a r y ______ 105.82
F e b r u a r y _____ 109.06
M a r c h ............... 111.90
40.3
39.5
38.0
39.6
40.7
39.7
40.6
39.5
38.7
39.4
35.1
38.8
40.7
41.0
41.6
See footnotes a t e n d of ta b le .
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
$2.14 $87.76
2.26 90.13
2.32 89.89
2.34 90.68
2. 34 92.40
2.36 93.03
2. 39 93.26
2.41 92.10
2.41 95.40
2.40 91.25
2.40 96.70
2.43 100. 50
2.43 97.51
2.43 97.36
2.44 100. 53
M iscellan eo u s fab
ric ated m e ta l
p ro d u c ts 1
$1.96 $86.09
2.05 89.01
2.08 83.71
2.09 81.75
2.09 83.22
2.11 85.97
2.12 87.86
2.11 90.68
2.14 93.98
2.13 93.71
2.17 94.62
2.18 95.30
2.17 94.85
2.17 96. 56
2.19 98. 37
M e ta l s ta m p in g ,
co atin g , a n d e n
g rav in g »
$2.04
2.15
2.18
2.18
2.19
2. 21
2.23
2.25
2.27
2.28
2.28
2.28
2.28
2. 31
2.32
41.2
40.6
39.6
39.6
40.0
40.1
40.2
39.7
41.3
40.2
40.8
41.7
40.8
40.4
41.2
Vitreous-enam eled
products
$2.13 $66.64
2.22 70.49
2.27 74.34
2.29 66.60
2.31 72.00
2.32 74.66
2. 32 79.76
2.32 73.49
2.31 81.06
2.27 82.03
2.37 82.75
2.41 80.03
2.39 75.48
2. 41 80. 54
2.44 81.03
M etal shipping
barrels, drums, kegs,
and pails
$97.36
98.64
95. 45
99. 54
101.59
104.66
107. 61
110.25
115.02
99.84
103.17
101. 63
102.80
106. 52
111.35
42.7
41.1
38.8
40.3
40.8
42.2
42.2
42.9
43.9
39.0
40.3
39.7
40.0
40.5
42.5
39.2
39.6
40.4
36.0
38.5
39.5
42.2
39.3
42.0
42.5
43.1
41.9
40.8
43.3
43.1
$1.70
1.78
1.84
1.85
1.87
1.89
1.89
1.87
1.93
1.93
1.92
1.91
1.85
1.86
1.88
41.0
40.6
37.1
37.7
36.9
38.4
38.2
38.3
38.7
39.7
40.1
40.5
39.9
40.1
41.3
$91.94
93.84
93.85
96.00
97.69
97.93
97.69
96.07
99.60
94.09
101.09
107.10
102.41
102.11
106.14
41.6
40.8
39.6
40.0
40.2
40.3
40.2
39.7
41.5
39.7
40.6
42.0
40.8
40.2
41.3
$2.21
2.30
2.37
2.40
2.43
2.43
2.43
2.42
2.40
2.37
2.49
2.55
2.51
2. 54
2. 57
Bolts, nuts,
washers, and
rivets
Steel springs
$2.28 $90.61
2.40 95. 41
2.46 87.93
2.47 88.60
2.49 86.72
2.48 91.01
2.55 91.30
2. 57 91.54
2.62 92.49
2.56 96.47
2.56 97.04
2. 56 100.04
2.57 98.95
2.63 99.85
2.62 105. 73
S ta m p ed and
pressed m etal
products
$2.21
2.35
2.37
2.35
2.35
2.37
2.39
2.39
2.39
2.43
2.42
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.56
$88.41
91.08
83.25
78.59
81.54
84.98
86. 79
91.64
97. 76
97.94
99.30
100.01
99.78
102. 00
103.87
42.3
41.4
37.5
35.4
36.4
37.6
37.9
39.5
41.6
41.5
41.9
42.2
42.1
42.5
43.1
$2.09
2.20
2.22
2.22
2. 24
2.26
2.29
2.32
2. 35
2.36
2.37
2.37
2.37
2. 40
2.41
M a c h in e ry (except electrical)
T o ta l: M a c h in e ry
(except electrical)
$2.01 $93.26
2.11 94.30
2.12 93.22
2.11 92. 75
2.11 93.38
2.13 94. 25
2.14 93. 77
2.15 93. 77
2.16 95. 60
2.18 94.41
2.18 96.96
2.18 99.06
2.18 99.31
2.20 100.61
2.19 102.01
42.2
41.0
39.5
39.3
39.4
39.6
39.4
39.4
40.0
39.5
39.9
40.6
40.7
40.9
41.3
$2.21
2.30
2.36
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.38
2.38
2.39
2.39
2.43
2.44
2.44
2.46
2. 47
A g r ic u ltu r a l m a
chinery (except trac
tors)
$2.24 $82.37
2.36 89.20
2.48 95. 47
2.48 93.26
2.53 93.50
2.53 94.60
2.65 92.27
2.49 91.87
2.50 94.24
2.51 93.83
2.57 87.79
2.56 95.00
2.60 93.30
2. 66 100.94
2.69 102.66
39.6
40.0
40.8
40.2
40.3
40.6
39.6
39.6
40.1
40.1
37.2
40.6
39.7
41.2
41.9
Steam engines, tur
bines, and water
wheels
E n g in es an d
tu rb in e s *
$95. 45
99. 55
102.16
100.00
99.75
102. 26
99. 57
101.12
104. 49
105. 82
103.36
105.97
107.53
107. 98
111.25
41.5
40.8
40.7
40.0
39.9
40.1
39.2
39.5
40.5
40.7
39.6
40.6
41.2
40.9
42.3
$2.30
2.44
2. 51
2.50
2.50
2.55
2. 54
2.56
2.58
2.60
2.61
2. 61
2.61
2. 64
2.63
C o n stru c tio n a n d
m in in g m a c h in e ry *
$2.08 $92.23
2.23 92.84
2.34 89.24
2.32 89.24
2.32 89.94
2.33 90.09
2. 33 91.80
2.32 93.22
2.35 94.25
2.34 94.09
2.36 96.00
2.34 97.53
2.35 97.77
2.45 99. 55
2. 45 101.43
42.5
40.9
38.3
38.3
38.6
38.5
38.9
39.5
39.6
39.7
40.0
40.3
40.4
40.8
41.4
$101.33
113.05
105.06
106.27
106.93
109.21
108.13
111.93
114. 65
116.31
113.24
110.37
109.69
109.81
109. 93
41.7
42.5
39.2
39.8
39.9
40.3
39.9
40.7
40.8
41.1
40.3
39.7
39.6
39.5
39.4
$2.43
2.66
2.68
2.67
2.68
2. 71
2. 71
2.75
2.81
2.83
2.81
2. 78
2.77
2.78
2.79
Construction and m in
ing machinery, except
oilfield machinery
$2.17 $92.01
2.27 92.39
2.33 89.01
2.33 89.32
2.33 90.40
2.34 90.79
2.36 93.14
2.36 92.98
2. 38 94. 41
2.37 92.90
2.40 94.88
2.42 96.32
2.42 96.80
2. 44 98.98
2. 45 101.35
42.4
40.7
38.2
38.5
38.8
38.8
39.3
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.7
39.8
40.0
40.4
41.2
$2.17
2.27
2.33
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.37
2.36
2.39
2.37
2.39
2.42
2.42
2. 45
2. 46
Diesel and other in
ternal-combustion A g ric u ltu ra l m a c h in
engines, not else
ery a n d tr a c to r s 1
where classified
$94.21
95. 51
101.11
98.00
97.36
99.60
96. 72
97.36
101.40
102.31
100.47
104.70
107.17
107. 53
111.54
41.5
40.3
41.1
40.0
39.9
40.0
39.0
39.1
40.4
40.6
39.4
40.9
41.7
41.2
42.9
$2.27
2. 37
2.46
2. 45
2.44
2. 49
2.48
2.49
2. 51
2. 52
2.55
2.56
2. 57
2. 61
2.60
Oilfield machinery
and tools
$92.45
93.75
89.71
88.22
88.92
88.69
89.30
93.06
94.40
96.70
98.33
100.43
99.77
100. 50
102.06
42.8
41.3
38.5
37.7
38.0
37.9
38.0
39.6
40.0
40.8
40.8
41.5
41.4
41.7
42.0
$2.16
2.27
2.33
2.34
2.34
2.34
2.35
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.41
2.42
2.41
2.41
2.43
$86.80
91.31
94.95
95.76
98.01
97.28
97.84
95.04
95. 74
96. 47
88.69
97.27
100.35
105.22
107. 59
40.0
39.7
39.4
39.9
40.5
40.2
40.1
39.6
39.4
39.7
36.2
39.7
40.3
41.1
41.7
$2.17
2.30
2.41
2.40
2.42
2.42
2.44
2.40
2.43
2.43
2.45
2.45
2.49
2.56
2.58
M e ta lw o rk in g
m a c h in e ry 2
$108.69
106. 57
103. 72
104.00
103.10
102.05
99.58
97.41
99.31
99.31
102.17
105.15
106.90
110. 39
112. 02
45.1
42.8
40.2
40.0
39.5
39.4
38.9
38.5
39.1
39.1
39.6
40.6
40.8
41.5
41.8
$2.41
2.49
2.58
2.60
2. 61
2.59
2.56
2. 53
2. 54
2.54
2.58
2.59
2.62
2.66
2.68
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
706
T a ble
C -l.
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn- hours
tags
Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn- earn- hours earn- earn- hours
tags
tags
tags
tags
Avg.
hrly.
earntags
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn- hours
tags
Avg.
hrly.
earntags
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn- hours
tags
Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly.
earn- earn- hours earntags
tags
tags
Manufacturing—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Year and month
Machinery (except electrical)—Continued
M etalworking machinery 0except machine tools )
M achine tools
1956' Average........... $106.02
1957: Average_____ 100. 86
1958: M arch______ 90.92
89.49
April_______
May
88.67
J u n e _______ 89.76
88. 43
July________
88.77
A ugust_____
September___ 91.06
O n tn h e r
91. 82
November___ 93.27
December___ 95.83
1959: January— ___ 95.26
February__ _ 96.87
M arch______ 98.00
45.7
42.2
38.2
37.6
37.1
37.4
37.0
37.3
38.1
38.1
38.7
39.6
39.2
39.7
40.0
$2.32
2.39
2.38
2.38
2.39
2.40
2.39
2.38
2.39
2.41
2.41
2. 42
2.43
2. 44
2.45
Paper-industries
machinery
$97. 65
96.78
87.16
86.24
A pril
89.20
M a y .______
J u n e _______ 88.31
July
88.88
89.10
August ____
September___ 89.72
91.14
October_____
November___ 94.07
December___ 96. 51
1959: January_____ 95.87
96.74
February___
98.09
March______
ig5fi- Averaee
1957: Average_____
1958: M arch______
46.5
44.6
39.8
39.2
40.0
39.6
39.5
39.6
39.7
39.8
40.9
41.6
41.5
41.7
42.1
41.7
39.9
38.5
39.0
39.2
39.3
39.5
40.9
41.1
39.3
39.5
39.9
39.6
39.4
39.9
$86.24
87.30
89.04
85.88
89.21
90. 74
91.31
91.31
94. 8Í
O e tn h e r
87.25
November___ 95.34
December___ 97.17
95.82
1959: January....... .
February____ 95.34
M arch______ 94.64
1956: A v e ra g e
1957: A v e ra g e
1958: March______
A pril..............
M a y ..... .........
June________
July________
August______
September___
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
43.7
41.8
41.3
40.7
40.2
40.2
39.6
38.8
40.3
39.8
40.7
41.5
41.8
42.1
42.1
$2. 35
2.39
2.42
2.42
2.43
2.43
2. 44
2. 45
2.47
2.45
2.48
2.48
2. 52
2.54
2.55
40.7
39.0
39.0
36.7
38.4
39.6
39.9
41.8
45. (
41. Í
40.3
40.2
39.9
40. 4
39.4
45.5
43.5
41.6
41.5
41.3
40.7
40.0
39.0
39.8
39.7
40.1
41.2
41.8
42.6
43.1
$92. 65
92.89
90.32
90.32
90.94
92.90
91. 96
93.22
94.33
95.12
96.24
97.85
97.20
97.85
99.46
42.5
41.1
39.1
39.1
39.2
39.7
39.3
39.5
39.8
39.8
40.1
40.6
40.5
40.6
41.1
41.5
41.3
38.1
37.7
37.9
40. J
38.2
39.6
39. c
41. !
42.3
42.7
42.2
42.1
42.4
$2.10 $89. 67
2.17 91.02
2.22 91.88
2.22 91.48
2.23 91. 25
2.24 93.38
2.25 94.48
2. 26 96.00
2. 27 94.89
2.27 95.06
2.29 94.13
2. 30 94. 83
2.30 97.00
2.31 96.70
2.32 98.47
42.4
41.0
39.0
39.2
39.4
40.0
39.1
39.4
39.7
39.6
39.8
40.4
40.3
40.9
41.0
41.2
40.1
39.2
39.4
39.3
39.9
40.0
39.6
40.4
40.2
40.4
40.2
40.1
39.9
40.0
$2.19
2.25
2.34
2.33
2.32
2.34
2.34
2.36
2.36
2. 37
2.39
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.42
Sew ing machines
$1.96 $88. 97
2.03 89.20
2.11 89. 72
2.11 88.59
2.1( 86. o;
2.15 87.2'
2. 31 87. 01
2.18 87.85
2.16 87. 14
2. h 86.9]
2.14 89.67
2.17 92.29
2.12 91.08
2.1' 91.08
2.14 89.17
41.0
40.0
39.7
39.2
37.9
38.6
38.5
38.7
38. Í
38.8
39.5
40.;
39.6
39.6
38.6
41.9
41.0
40.3
40.3
40.2
40.6
40.9
41.2
40.9
40.8
40.4
40.7
41.1
40.8
41.2
43.0
41.6
38.7
38.7
38.8
39.4
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.2
38.6
38.9
39.4
39.9
41.1
41.4
40.5
40.6
40.2
40.0
40.4
41.0
40.4
40.6
40.5
40.7
40.6
40.5
40.5
40.4
$2.17 $86. 22
2.23 87.64
2. 26 90. 52
2.26 86.26
2.27 90. 74
2.26 91.2C
2.26 91.77
2.27 91.64
2.2' 93.32
2.2' 82. 4(
2.27 96. 39
2. 2£ 98.88
2.30 97.27
2. 3( 95.91
2. 31 95.68
40.1
39.3
39.7
38.0
39.8
40.1
39.9
39.5
40.'
36.;
40.5
41.2
40.7
40.;
40.2
$1.85
1.91
1.92
1.92
1.94
1.96
1. 96
1.97
1.97
1.97
1.98
2.01
1.99
1.99
2.01
41.8
40.5
39.2
39.3
39.3
40.5
40.3
40.3
40.6
40.6
40.5
40.6
40.5
40.4
40.1
$2.07
2.16
2.20
2.19
2.24
2.22
2. 23
2.25
2.28
2.29
2.29
2. 28
2.26
2. 27
2.26
T yp e w rite rs3
$2.32 $82.60
2.42 76.64
2. 52 70.40
2.51 73.09
2.50 74.84
2.53 79.60
2. 54 77.42
2. 56 77.40
2.57 81.41
2. 5£ 82.01
2.62 83.63
2.64 81.39
2.64 81.37
2.65 80.16
2.64 81.97
Refrigerators and airconditioning units
41.4
40.6
38.5
38.0
37.6
37.9
38.0
39.0
40.0
40.1
40.3
41.1
41.6
41.5
41.6
Blowers, exhaust and
ventilating fans
$2.27 $86.53
2.37 87. 48
2.39 86.24
2.39 86.07
2.40 88.03
2.41 89.91
2. 42 89. 87
2.44 90.68
2. 44 92.57
2. 44 92.97
2.45 92.75
2. 46 92. 57
2.46 91.53
2.48 91.71
2.50 90.63
C om puting machines
and cash registers
$96. 05
98.01
102.31
100.90
100.00
102.21
104.14
103. 42
104.34
104. 9C
106.63
107.18
106.92
107.33
106. 66
Textile machinery
$2.14 $76. 59
2. 22 77. 55
2.28 73.92
2.27 72. 96
2.27 72. 94
2.30 74.28
2. 31 74.48
2.33 76. 83
2. 32 78.80
2. 33 79.00
2. 33 79. 79
2. 33 82. 61
2.36 82. 78
2. 37 82.59
2.39 83.62
Conveyors and conveying equipm ent
$2.13 $97. 61
2. 20 98. 59
2. 24 92.49
2.26 92. 49
2. 25 93.12
2.28 94.95
2.29 92.69
2.29 93.94
2.30 93.94
2.32 93.21
2. 33 94.57
2. 34 95. 69
2.33 96.92
2.35 98.95
2.35 102.75
Office and store machines and devices 2
41.8 $2.17 $90.23
41.3
2.28 90.23
39.2
2.31 91.73
39.4
2.32 91.80
38.3
2.31 91.18
2.34 93.37
38.9
2. 32 93.60
39.6
38.9
2.31 93. 46
40.7
2.33 95. 34
40.5
2. 32 95.27
40.1
2.32 96.56
42. C 2. 34 96. 48
40. S 2.32 96.64
41.7
2.32 96.56
2.33 96. 80
41.0
Commercial laundry,
dry-cleaning, and
pressing machines
42.8
41.5
39.5
39.3
39.3
39.4
39.4
39.7
40.2
40.2
40.5
41.1
41.3
41.4
41.3
P u m p s, air and gas
compressors
$2.18 $90.31
2.26 90.20
2.31 87.36
2. 31 88. 59
2.32 88.65
2.34 91.20
2. 34 89. 54
2.36 90.23
2. 37 91.31
2. 39 91.87
2.40 92. 73
2.41 94. 54
2.40 93.90
2.41 96.12
2.42 96.35
Mechanical stokers
and industrial furnaces and ovens
$2.20 $81.34
2. 27 83. 84
2.29 80.39
2.34 79. 55
2. 31 79.59
2.38 86.22
2. 41 81.37
2.35 86.3c
2. 48 84.8Í
2.42 87.95
2.43 90.52
2.43 92.66
2.43 89.46
2.4' 90.52
2.43 90.74
Special-Industry machinery
(except Food-products machinmetalworking maery
chinery) *
$2. 53 $89. 88
2. 59 90.06
2. 71 87.69
2. 73 87.25
2.75 87.64
2.72 88.26
2.65 88. 65
2.60 89.72
2. 61 91.25
2. 60 91.25
2.66 92. 75
2.68 94.53
2.72 94.99
2. 78 95.63
2.80 95.82
General industrial
machinery *
42.8 $2.22 $90. 71
41.1
2.30 94.16
2.34 90. 55
39.0
38.6
2.33 91.41
2.33 88.47
38.7
38.8
2.35 91.03
38.9
2. 34 91.87
38.9
2.36 91. 03
39.2
2.38 94. 83
40. C 2.41 94. 37
2. 44 93.03
40.7
41.3
2.45 98.28
2.44 93.50
40.8
40. £ 2. 44 96.74
41.6
2.47 95.53
Domestic laundry
equipm ent
40.3 $2.14 $89.54
39.5
2. 21 88.53
39.4
2. 26 89. 31
2. 26 85. 88
38.0
39. £
2.27 91.39
39. i
2.28 94.25
39.7
2.30 96.16
2.30 98.23
39.7
2.32 111. 6(
40. Í
38. 1 2.2! 101.4(
40.4
2.36 97.93
2. 37 97. 6Í
41.0
40.6
2.36 96.96
40.4
2.36 98.58
2.36 95.74
40.1
See footnotes a t e n d of ta b le .
$2.26 $115.12
2.39 112.67
2. 47 112.74
2.49 113.30
2.47 113.58
2.48 110. 70
2. 52 106. 00
2.56 101.40
2. 54 103. 88
2. 55 103.22
2. 56 106. 67
2. 56 110. 42
2.58 113.70
2.59 118.43
2.59 120. 68
M echanical powertransm ission equipm ent
$2.17 $95.02
2.25 94. 53
2.32 91.26
2.32 89.94
2.33 90.17
2.33 91.18
2.37 91.03
2.39 91.80
2.44 93. 30
2.41 96. 4C
2.42 99.31
2. 44 101.19
2.44 99. 55
2.46 99.8C
2.46 102.75
Service-industry and
household machines *
43.1
41.6
38.8
38.8
37.9
38.4
38.7
38.9
38.6
39.1
39.5
40.2
39.9
40.4
40.5
Printing-trades machinery and equipment
$2.10 $102.70
2.17 99.90
2.19 99.95
2.20 98.49
2.23 97.69
2.23 97.69
2.25 96. 62
2.25 95.06
2.26 99.54
2.29 97. 51
2.30 100.94
2.32 102. 92
2.31 105.34
2.32 106.93
2.33 107.36
Industrial trucks,
tractors, etc.
1956: Average........... $90.49
1957: Average.......... 89.78
89. 32
1958: M arch______
Ap r ll
90.48
M ay________ 91.34
J u n e _______ 91. 57
J u l y ._______ 93.62
August _____ 97.75
September___ 100.28
October_____ 94.71
November----- 95.59
December----- 97.36
1959: January......... 96.62
February____ 96.92
M arch______
98.15
$97.41
99.42
95. 84
96. 61
93.61
95.23
97. 52
99.58
98.04
99. 71
101.12
102.91
102.94
104.64
104.90
Machine-tool accessories
41.3
39.3
36.1
37.1
37.8
39.6
39.1
38.7
40.5
40.2
40.4
39.7
39.5
39.1
39.6
$2.00
1.95
1.95
1.97
1.98
2.01
1.98
2.00
2.01
2.04
2.07
2. 05
2.06
2.05
2.07
Miscellaneous machinery parts 2
$2.15 $89. 87
2.23 91.62
2.28 90. 85
2.27 90.62
2. 28 91.01
2.28 92.3'
2.30 91.64
2.32 92.73
2. 31 94. 47
2.27 92. 51
2. 38 98.16
2. 4( 98. 81
2.39 98.40
2.38 98.16
2. 38 101.09
41.8
40.9
39.5
39.4
39.4
39.8
39.5
39.8
40.2
39.2
40.9
41.0
41.0
40.9
41.6
$2.15
2.24
2.30
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.32
2.33
2.35
2.36
2.40
2. 41
2.40
2.40
2.43
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able C -l.
707
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Year and month
Durable goods—Continued
Machinery (except electrical)—Continued
Fabricated p ip e, fit
tings, and valves
1956: Average........... $88.99
1957: Average_____ 91.13
1958: March______
90. 55
April............... 90. 48
M ay...... ......... 89.63
June________ 90.39
J u ly ................ 91.87
August______ 92. 04
September___ 93.30
October.____
94.33
November___ 95.68
December___ 96.72
1959: January_____ 95.12
February........ 95.12
M arch______
96.64
41.2
40.5
39.2
39.0
38.8
39.3
39.6
39.5
39.7
39.8
40.2
40.3
39.8
39.8
40.1
$2.16
2.25
2.31
2.32
2.31
2.30
2.32
2.33
2.35
2. 37
2.38
2.40
2.39
2.39
2.41
Carbon and graphite
products (electrical)
1956: Average_____ $84. 46
1957: Average_____ 84.80
1958: M arch.........
82.35
April............... 82.60
M ay________ 84.20
June________ 85. 63
July................. 85.41
A ug u st.......... 86.29
September___ 86.11
October_____
88.40
November___ 89. 06
December___ 90.72
1959: January_____ 91.35
February____ 93. 56
March______
93.25
41.2
40.0
38.3
38.6
38.8
39.1
39.0
39.4
39.5
40.0
40.3
40.5
40.6
41.4
40.9
Electrical
appliances
1956: Average_____ $80.60
1957: Average_____ 83.10
83.44
1958: March______
April________ 81.81
M ay________ 82.28
June________ 82.40
July................. 83.00
August______ 84.37
September___ 87.12
October_____
88.22
November___ 92.06
December___ 87.74
1959: January_____ 89.55
February____ 87.30
March______
88.82
39.9
39.2
38.1
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
38.7
39.6
40.1
41.1
39.7
39.8
38.8
39.3
Radio tubes
1956: Average_____ $67.25
70.23
1957: Average_____
71.06
1958: March.........
April________ 72.96
M ay________ 72.94
June________ 74.86
July...............
72.77
August______ 74.30
September___ 76. 81
O ctober.......... 76.82
November___ 77. 81
December___
77.03
1959: January_____ 75.45
February........ 76.83
March........... . 77.03
39.1
38.8
38.0
38.4
38.8
39.4
38.1
38.9
39.8
39.6
39.7
39.3
38.3
39.0
39.1
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
B a ll and roller
bearings
$89.01
89.15
88.17
87.48
87.63
89. 24
86.33
88. 24
92.90
86. 63
104. 66
102.26
100.53
100. 04
103. 91
41.4
39.8
38.5
38.2
38.1
38.8
37.7
38.2
39.7
37.5
42.2
41.4
41.2
41.0
41.9
$2.05 $80.16
2.12 81.61
2.15 82.32
2.14 82.08
2.17 83.28
2.19 85. 57
2.19 85. 75
2.19 83.13
2.18 87.08
2.21 85. 57
2.21 88.75
2.24 90. 27
2. 25 86.46
2.26 85.81
2.28 86.03
40.9
40.2
39.2
38.9
39.1
39.8
39.7
39.4
40.5
39.8
40.9
41.6
40.4
40.1
40.2
$1. 96
2.03
2.10
2.11
2.13
2.15
2.16
2.11
2.15
2.15
2.17
2.17
2.14
2.14
2.14
Insulated wire and
cable
$2.02 $84. 71
2.12 85.08
2.19 82.42
2.17 82.42
2.20 81.80
2.18 87.36
2.19 88.18
2.18 84.24
2.20 88.20
2.20 88. 62
2.24 89.04
2. 21 92. 01
2.25 89.03
2.25 87.99
2.26 88.41
43.0
41.5
40.4
40.4
40.1
41.8
42.6
40.5
42.0
42.2
42.2
43.4
42.6
42.1
42.1
$1.97
2. 05
2. 04
2.04
2.04
2.09
2.07
2.08
2.10
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.09
2.09
2.10
Telephone, telegraph,
and related equip
ment
$1.72 $95.24
1.81 94.39
1.87 91.80
1.90 92.59
1.88 93.22
1.90 93.06
1.91 90. 79
1.91 94.87
1.93 94.87
1.94 95.58
1.96 95.27
1.96 96.63
1.97 96.63
1.97 96. 56
1.97 95.84
42.9
41.4
39.4
39.4
39.5
39.6
38.8
40.2
40.2
40.5
40.2
40.6
40.6
40.4
40.1
M achine shops (Job
and repair )
$2.15 $90.31
2.24 92.96
2.29 91.60
2.29 92.23
2.30 92.86
2.30 94.54
2.29 93.03
2.31 94. 54
2. 34 95.65
2.31 93.38
2.48 97.10
2. 47 98.71
2. 44 99.42
2.44 99.19
2.48 102.37
Electrical indicating,
measuring, and re
cording instrum ents
Electrical machinery
42.2
41.5
40.0
40.1
40.2
40.4
40.1
40.4
40.7
39.4
40.8
41.3
41.6
41.5
42.3
$2.14 $80.78
2.24 83.01
2.29 83. 67
2.30 83.46
2.31 83.67
2.34 85.14
2.32 84.50
2.34 84.96
2.35 87.26
2.37 85. 79
2. 38 88.91
2. 39 89.32
2.39 88.88
2.39 88.84
2.42 89.06
M otors, generators,
and motor-genera
tor sets
$90. 86
93.79
93. 85
92.04
94.0Í
94.88
95.28
96.00
97. 77
97. 36
101.02
101.02
98.74
98.49
100.37
41.3
40.6
39.6
39.0
39.5
39.7
39.7
40.0
40.4
40.4
40.9
40.9
40.3
40.2
40.8
40.2
39.2
37.8
37.4
37.3
39.0
38.6
38.7
40.6
34.6
41.3
42.8
42.0
41.6
41.7
$2.22 $78.34
2.28 81.61
2. 33 82.76
2.35 83.18
2.36 82.56
2. 35 83.20
2.34 84.19
2.36 83.18
2. 36 85.89
2.36 84.86
2.37 89.86
2.38 94.57
2.38 89.82
2.39 87.08
2.39 86.65
40.8
40.4
39.6
39.8
39.5
40.0
39.9
39.8
40.9
40.8
41.6
42.6
41.2
40.5
40.3
$1.92
2.02
2.09
2.09
2.09
2.08
2.11
2.09
2.10
2.08
2.16
2.22
2.18
2.15
2.15
42.2
40.6
39.9
39.7
39.8
39.7
39.8
39.5
40.3
39.8
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.5
40.2
40.8
39.7
38.6
39.0
38.7
38.6
38.7
39.1
39.3
40.1
41.0
41.1
40.6
40.6
39.9
40.9
40.4
38.9
38.5
39.0
40.0
39.9
40.2
41.6
41.3
43.2
46.4
43.0
40.8
39.6
41.5
40.5
39.4
39.1
39.3
39.5
39.4
39.7
40.1
40.0
40.4
40.7
40.2
40.3
40.5
42.0
41.2
39.7
39.4
39.4
39.8
39.6
39.7
40.0
40.0
40.3
40.6
40.2
40.4
40.6
40.4
39.8
39.1
39.1
39.3
39.8
39.2
39.9
40.5
40.1
40.3
39.9
40.1
39.8
39.8
$2.13 $64. 48
2.23 68.00
2.31 69.48
2.32 70.05
2.31 70.67
2.31 70.98
2.31 73.16
2.32 70.22
2.35 72. 22
2.30 73.10
2. 43 74.57
2. 56 73.26
2.45 73.98
2.38 73.31
2.39 73.85
39.8
40.0
39.7
39.8
39.7
40.1
40.2
39.9
40.8
41.3
41.2
40.7
41.1
40.5
40.8
$1.87
1.94
2.00
1.99
2.00
2.02
2.03
2.02
2.02
2.06
2.04
2.04
2.05
2.04
2.05
44.4
41.5
37.6
37.9
38.1
38.4
38.2
40.1
40.4
39.6
38.8
39.7
40.3
41.1
42.1
$2.29
2.32
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.32
2.26
2.28
2.28
2.27
2.29
2.34
2.43
2.46
R adios, phonographs,
television sets, and
equipm ent
$1.88 $72.98
1. 97 75. 83
2.05 79.39
2.07 79.78
2.06 79.98
2.07 81.60
2. 06 80.39
2. 07 81.40
2.08 83.64
2.08 82.01
2.09 83.03
2.12 83.39
2.13 85.05
2.13 83.79
2.13 84.40
P rim a ry batteries
(dry and wet )
40.7
39.6
38.9
38.9
39.0
38.7
38.6
39.2
39.4
39.8
39.7
40.4
40.0
40.2
40.0
Electrical welding
apparatus
$2.15 $101. 68
2.26 96.28
2.33 86.48
2.32 87. 55
2.32 88.39
2.33 89. 47
2.33 88. 62
2.32 90.63
2. 33 92.11
2.36 90.29
2.36 88.08
2.37 90.91
2.36 94.30
2.39 99.87
2.38 103. 57
Communication
equipment *
$1.84 $75.95
1.93 78. 41
2. 01 80.16
2.01 80.94
2.01 80.96
2.04 82.39
2.05 80. 75
2.05 82. 59
2. 07 84.24
2.12 83.41
2.14 84.23
2.14 84.59
2.13 85.41
2.13 84.77
2.13 84. 77
W iring devices
and supplies
$2.10 $76.11
2.19 76.82
2.25 77.80
2.24 77.41
2.25 78.00
2.26 78.17
2.26 78.36
2.25 79.18
2.26 79. 59
2.27 81.99
2.29 80.99
2.30 82.42
2.29 82.00
2.29 82.01
2.30 82.00
Switchgear, switch
board, and indus
trial controls
$2.20 $90.30
2.30 93.11
2.33 92.50
2.33 91.41
2.33 91.41
2.33 92.73
2.31 92.27
2.32 92.10
2. 35 93.20
2.35 94.40
2.36 95.11
2.36 96.22
2.36 94.87
2. 37 96. 56
2.39 96.63
Storage batteries
$87.12
90.09
89. 86
89.32
90.09
92.40
92.17
93.26
97.76
94. 99
104.98
118. 78
105.35
97.10
94.64
Electrical generat
ing, transmission,
distribution, and
industrial appara
tus s
$1.98 $87.15
2.07 88.70
2.14 88.65
2.14 87.58
2.14 88.43
2.15 89.27
2.15 89.04
2.14 89.33
2.16 90.63
2.15 90.80
2.19 92. 52
2.20 93.61
2.20 92.06
2.21 92.29
2.21 93.15
Electric lamps
$2.10 $75.07
2.19 76.62
2.28 77.59
2.26 78.39
2.27 77. 79
2. 29 78.74
2.31 79.34
2.29 80.16
2.32 81.35
2. 22 85.01
2.40 87. 74
2. 40 87.95
2.39 86.48
2.40 86.48
2.42 84.99
Miscellaneous
electrical
productsJ
40.8
40.1
39.1
39.0
39.1
39.6
39.3
39.7
40.4
39.9
40.6
40.6
40.4
40.2
40.3
Pow er and distribu
tion transformers
$2.20 $92.84
2.31 93.38
2.37 92. 97
2.36 92.50
2.38 92.73
2.39 92.50
2.40 91.94
2. 40 91.64
2.42 94. 71
2.41 93. 53
2.47 93.93
2.47 94.16
2.45 94.40
2.45 93.62
2.46 96.08
Electrical equipment
for vehicles
$84.42
85. 85
86.18
84.52
84. 67
89.31
89.17
88.62
94.19
76. 81
99.12
102.72
100.38
99.84
100.91
Total: Electrical
machinery
40.1
39.7
39.3
39.3
39.4
40.0
39.6
40.1
40.8
40.2
40.5
39.9
40.5
39.9
40.0
$1.82
1.91
2.02
2. 03
2.03
2.04
2.03
2.03
2.05
2.04
2.05
2.09
2.10
2.10
2.11
X -ra y and nonradio
electronic tubes
$1.62 $87.53
1.70 89. 47
1.75 91.60
1. 76 91.66
1.78 92.40
1. 77 93.32
1.82 94. 47
1.76 93.26
1.77 94. 47
1.77 93.93
1.81 95.51
1.80 96.63
1.80 95.27
1.81 96.15
1.81 98.33
40.9
40.3
40.0
40.2
40.0
40.4
40.2
40.2
40.2
39.3
40.3
40.6
40.2
40.4
40.8
$2.14
2.22
2.29
2.28
2.31
2.31
2.35
2.32
2.35
2.39
2. 37
2.38
2.37
2.38
2.41
708
T able C -l.
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Con.
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Year and month
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
1956: Average-------1957: Average------1958: M arch______
A pril............
M ay________
June________
July________
August...........
September___
October_____
November . .
December___
1959: January_____
February........
March
Total: Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and
equipm ent2
M otor vehicles, bodies,
parts, and accessories
$94.48
97.36
97.32
97.07
98.85
99.50
100.19
102. 00
100. 98
102.00
106. 78
110.92
106. 63
105.59
107.04
$94. 71
98.40
95. 75
96.00
97.64
98.14
97.39
99.82
98. 43
100. 04
110. 70
117.82
109. 06
106. 93
110.00
$95.91
99. 85
97.28
97. 54
98.94
99.20
98. 82
101.66
99. 58
101.91
113.03
120.81
110.97
109. 21
112.34
40.9
40.4
39.4
39.3
39.7
39.8
39.6
40.0
39.6
40.0
40.6
41.7
40.7
40.3
40.7
$2.31
2. 41
2.47
2.47
2.49
2. 50
2. 53
2.55
2. 55
2.55
2.63
2. 66
2.62
2. 62
2.63
$94.89
95. 65
98.42
97.69
101.09
102.06
102. 91
104. 34
103. 57
104. 49
103. 97
104.12
104.90
105.04
104.38
41.8
40.7
40.5
40.2
40.6
40.5
40.2
40.6
40.3
40.5
40.3
40.2
40.5
40.4
40.3
$2.35
2. 46
2.50
2.50
2. 51
2.51
2. 51
2.54
2.55
2.52
2.70
2. 74
2.66
2. 66
2. 67
A ircraft engines
and parts
A ircraft
1956: Average...........
1957: Average...........
1958: M arch______
April —...........
M ay________
June................
July________
August____ _
September----October___..
November
December___
1959: January_____
February____
M a rc h ____
40.3
40.0
38.3
38.4
38.9
39.1
38.8
39.3
38.6
39.7
41.0
43.0
41.0
40.2
41.2
$2.27
2.35
2. 43
2.43
2.49
2.52
2. 56
2. 57
2. 57
2. 58
2.58
2. 59
2. 59
2. 60
2.59
$96.90
98.23
100.90
100. 40
100. 55
103.38
103. 79
102.47
105. 83
100. 35
106. 04
106.86
107. 53
107.94
106.63
42.5
41.1
40.2
40.0
39.9
40.7
40.7
40.5
41.5
39.2
41.1
41.1
41.2
41.2
40.7
40.3
40.1
38.3
38.4
38.8
38.9
38.6
39.1
38.3
39.5
41.1
43.3
41.1
40.3
41.3
$2.38 $81.61
2.49 84. 56
2.54 86.11
2. 54 85.02
2. 55 86.94
2.55 87.20
2.56 87.60
2.60 89.20
2. 60 88. 03
2.58 84.92
2.75 92.46
2.79 93. 73
2.70 92.00
2.71 94.19
2. 72 95.00
A ircraft propellers
and parts
$2.28 $96.93
2.39 97.76
2. 51 94. 71
2.51 95. 99
2. 52 94. 71
2. 54 95.11
2. 55 93. 77
2. 53 92.83
2. 55 96. 46
2.56 95.68
2. 58 98. 57
2. 60 99.87
2.61 100.12
2.62 99.80
2. 62 98.98
42.7
41.6
40.3
40.5
40.3
40.3
39.9
39.5
40.7
40.2
40.9
41.1
41.2
40.9
40.4
Truck and bus
bodies
$2.27
2. 35
2.35
2.37
2.35
2.36
2.35
2.35
2. 37
2.38
2.41
2. 43
2.43
2.44
2.45
40.4
39.7
39.5
39.0
39.7
40.0
40.0
40.0
39.3
38.6
40.2
40.4
40.0
40.6
40.6
$2.02 $82. 59
2.13 81.35
2.18 80.60
2.18 79.80
2.19 83. 79
2.18 87.13
2.19 85. 47
2.23 85.28
2. 24 87. 57
2. 20 88. 83
2. 30 84.65
2. 32 86.92
2. 30 86.07
2.32 82.08
2.34 87.51
Other aircraft parts
and equipm ent
$98.01
99.78
100. 53
100.28
100. 28
102.59
103.16
105.84
105. 75
107.10
104.83
108. 54
105.75
105.50
105.50
42.8
42.1
41.2
41.1
41.1
41.2
41.1
42.0
41.8
42.0
41.6
42.9
41.8
41.7
41.7
Trailers (truck and
automobile)
$2.29
2.37
2. 44
2.44
2. 44
2.49
2. 51
2. 52
2. 53
2.55
2. 52
2.53
2.53
2.53
2.53
39.9
39.3
38.2
38.0
39.9
41.1
40.7
41.0
41.7
41.9
40.5
41.0
40.6
38.9
40.7
$2.07
2.07
2.11
2.10
2.10
2.12
2.10
2.08
2.10
2.12
2.09
2.12
2.12
2.11
2.15
Ship and boat building and repairing1
$89.33
94.88
96.78
95.80
97. 51
96.78
99. 65
100. 98
100. 35
102.68
99. 72
101. 53
102.44
99.97
102.18
39.7
39.7
39.6
39.1
39.8
39.5
39.7
39.6
39.2
39.8
38.8
39.2
39.4
38.6
39.3
$2.25
2.39
2.45
2. 45
2. 45
2.45
2.51
2.55
2. 66
2.58
2. 57
2.59
2.60
2. 59
2. 60
Transportation equipment—Continued
Boatbuilding and
repairing
1956: Average.......... $73. 57
1957: Average........... 77.78
79.39
1958: M arch______
April............... 78.20
M ay................ 80. 56
June________ 78.98
July— ............. 76.43
A ugust.......... 77. 79
September___ 79. 60
October_____ 79.20
November .. 78. 80
78.41
December___
1959: January_____ 78.60
February____ 77.81
M arch______ 78.39
1956: Average..........
1957: Average_____
1958: March.............
April_______
M ay................
June________
July.................
August_____
September___
October. ___
November. . .
December___
1959: January_____
February____
March
40.2
40.3
40.3
39.9
41.1
40.5
38.6
38.7
39.8
39.6
39.6
39.6
39.9
39.7
40.2
$1.83
1.93
1.97
1.96
1.96
1.95
1.98
2.01
2. 00
2.00
1.99
1.98
1.97
1.96
1.95
Railroad equipm ent1
$94. 56
100.80
102.96
100.81
99. 64
98. 21
98.05
97.94
97. 99
96. 75
104.18
106. 74
103.09
104. 22
105.30
39.9
40.0
39.0
37.9
37.6
37.2
37.0
37.1
36.7
35.7
38.3
39.1
37.9
38.6
39.0
$2.37
2.52
2.64
2.66
2.65
2.64
2. 65
2. 64
2.67
2. 71
2. 72
2. 73
2.72
2. 70
2.70
Laboratory, seientifie, and engineering
instruments
Mechanical measuring and controlling
instruments
$94.95
97.17
99.05
102.18
100.35
103.48
101. 40
104. 70
107. 74
105. 73
108.00
109.13
109.04
109. 62
110.04
$83.64
86.27
84. 89
84.46
84.80
86.51
86.24
86.90
88.18
87.96
89. 87
91.80
91.58
90.27
91.08
42.2
41.0
40.1
41.2
40.3
40.9
40.4
40.9
41.6
41.3
41.7
42.3
42.1
42.0
42.0
See footnotes at eDd of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
$2.25
2.37
2. 47
2.48
2.49
2.53
2.51
2.56
2. 59
2.56
2. 59
2.58
2.59
2.61
2.62
41.0
40.5
39.3
39.1
38.9
39.5
39.2
39.5
39.9
39.8
40.3
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.3
Locomotives and
parts
$99.41
102. 41
102.96
102. 44
101.53
104.41
107.07
102. 97
104. 28
102. 27
107.05
108. 53
108. 41
110.16
108.95
42.3
40.8
39.6
39.4
38.9
39.7
40.1
39.3
39.5
37.6
39.5
39.9
40.3
40.5
40.5
$2.35
2.51
2.60
2.60
2. 61
2.63
2.67
2.62
2. 64
2. 72
2. 71
2.72
2.69
2.72
2. 69
Optical instruments
and lenses
$2.04 $83.03
2.13 85.22
2.16 84.32
2.16 85.36
2.18 84.02
2.19 85. 85
2.20 91. 43
2. 20 91.24
2. 21 93. 50
2. 21 93. 95
2.23 94.82
2. 25 92. 64
2.25 88.70
2.24 89.76
2.26 88.29
40.5
40.2
39.4
39.7
38.9
39.2
41.0
41.1
42.5
42.9
43.1
42.3
40.5
40.8
40.5
38.9
39.6
38.8
37.3
37.1
35.9
35.6
36.0
35.2
35.1
37.6
38.7
36.8
37.7
38.3
42.1
41.0
40.6
40.3
40.5
40.7
40.4
40.8
40.8
40.5
40.7
40.9
40.9
40.8
40.6
$2.28
2.36
2.44
2.44
2.48
2.51
2. 54
2. 55
2. 55
2.57
2.56
2.58
2.58
2.59
2.58
Shipbuilding and
repairing
$92.27
97.81
99. 43
98.67
100.19
99.43
102.68
104.01
102.83
106.13
102.94
105.45
106.11
103. 68
106. 35
39.6
39.6
39.3
39.0
39.6
39.3
39.8
39.7
39.1
39.9
38.7
39.2
39.3
38.4
39.1
$2.33
2. 47
2. 53
2.53
2.53
2.53
2.58
2.62
2.63
2.66
2. 66
2. 69
2.70
2.70
2.72
40.4
40.2
39.2
39.4
39.3
40.4
40.0
40.3
40.7
40.6
40.4
40.7
40.6
40.3
40.0
Other transportation Total: Instruments
equipment
and related products
$2.37 $77. 59
2. 52 79. 59
2.66 82.58
2.68 82.56
2.67 81.48
2.64 82.39
2. 64 78.83
2.65 83.35
2.69 85.03
2,71 85.24
2.73 79. 38
2. 73 85.32
2.73 87.23
2. 69 88. 99
2.71 89. 64
Surgical, medical,
and dental instruments
$2.05 $71. 51
2.12 74.37
2.14 74.87
2.15 75.25
2.16 75.46
2.19 78.78
2.23 78.00
2. 22 79. 39
2.20 80.99
2.19 81.20
2.20 80.80
2.19 81.81
2.19 81.61
2.20 81.00
2.18 80.80
$95.99
96.76
99.06
98.33
100. 44
102.16
102. 62
104.04
164. 04
104.09
104.19
105. 52
105. 52
105. 67
104. 75
Instruments and
related products
Railroad and street
cars
$92.19
99.79
103.21
99.96
99.06
94.78
93.98
95.40
94. 69
95.12
102.65
105. 65
100.46
101.41
103. 79
Aircraft and parts2
40.2
39.4
39.7
39.5
38.8
39.8
37.9
39.5
40.3
40.4
37.8
39.5
40.2
41.2
41.5
$1.93 $82.01
2.02 85.03
2.08 85. 50
2.09 85.72
2.10 85.46
2.07 87.16
2.08 87.34
2.11 87. 96
2.11 89. 47
2.11 89.28
2.10 90. 76
2.16 91.62
2.17 91.17
2.16 91.13
2.16 91.30
Ophthalmic goods <
$1.77 $64.64
1.85 67.26
1.91 70.10
1.91 69. 55
1.92 70.47
1.95 70.86
1.95 70.68
1.97 69. 55
1.99 73.30
2.00 73.84
2.00 74.80
2.01 74.24
2.01 74.82
2.01 76.19
2.02 76.19
40.4
39.8
38.1
37.8
38.3
38.3
38.0
37.8
39.2
39.7
40.0
39.7
39.8
40.1
40.1
$1.60
1.69
1.84
1.84
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.84
1.87
1.86
1. 87
1.87
1.88
1.90
1.90
40.8
40.3
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.8
39.7
39.8
40.3
40.4
40.7
40.9
40.7
40.5
40.4
$2.01
2.11
2.17
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.21
2.23
2.24
2.24
2.25
2. 26
Photographic apparatus
$91.46
94.60
96.40
96. 40
96.40
97.36
98.17
97.20
97. 44
98. 58
99.80
100. 37
100.37
102.47
102.21
41.2
40.6
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.4
40.4
40.0
40.1
40. 4
40.9
40.8
40.8
40.5
40.4
$2.22
2.33
2. 41
2.41
2.41
2.41
2.43
2. 43
2. 43
2.44
2.44
2. 46
2.46
2.53
2.53
0.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able C -l.
709
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Year and month
Durable goods—Continued
Instruments and
related products—
Continued
Watches and clocks
1956: Average_____
1957: Average_____
1958: M arch______
April_______
M ay________
June________
Ju ly ................
August.......... .
September___
October_____
November___
December___
1959: January_____
February........
M arch______
$ 70.77
39.1
39.0
38.7
39.0
38.1
38.2
39.4
38.9
39.6
40.2
39.9
39.7
39.9
39.8
39.5
72.15
72. 76
73. 32
71.63
71.82
74. 47
73. 52
75.24
76.38
75.81
75.83
76.61
76.02
75.84
$ 1.81
1.85
1.88
1.88
1.88
1.88
1.89
1.89
1. 90
1.90
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.91
1.92
Toys and sporting
goods 9 *
1956: Average_____
1957: Average_____
1958 : M arch______
April...........
M a y ..______
June....... ........
J u ly ...............
August______
September___
October......... .
November___
December___
1959: January_____
February____
M arch______
$ 62.56
65.69
67.34
66.09
66.13
66.86
66. 35
66.52
67. 37
68.40
68.16
67.55
69.56
67. 55
68.82
39.1
39.1
38.7
38.2
38.9
39.1
38.8
38.9
39.4
40.0
39.4
38.6
39.3
38.6
39.1
April..............
M ay________
June________
Ju ly .............. .
August______
September___
October_____
November___
December___
1959: January_____
February____
M arch.........
April_______
M ay........ .............
June________
J u ly ... ....................
August______
September_____
October________
November___
December.......
1959 : January_____
February........
March.........
Jewelry, silverware,
and plated ware 1
$ 70.
$ 1.75
$ 73.81
1.81
1.84
1.85
1.84
1.85
1.84
1.84
1.85
1.85
1.86
1. 88
1.89
1.88
1.89
74.07
72.86
73.28
74.26
74.74
72.83
74.34
76.67
80.33
82. 70
81.98
76.89
77.27
77.74
53
72.22
72.13
72.15
71.94
73.08
72.13
72.68
74.19
74. 56
75.14
75.95
75.79
75.39
75.60
40.3
39.9
39.2
39.0
39.1
39.5
39.2
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.4
40.1
40.1
40.0
Games, toys, dolls,
and children’8 vehicles
$ 61.85
1.68
1.74
1.73
1.70
1. 71
1. 71
1.71
1.71
1.71
1.73
1. 75
1.77
1.75
1.76
63.80
65.84
64. 05
64. 74
64.74
64.24
63.86
64. 68
66.97
66.30
64.01
66.52
64.09
65.88
38.9
38.9
38.5
37.9
39.0
39.0
38.7
38.7
39.2
40.1
39.7
38.1
38.9
37.7
38.3
41.7
40.7
39.6
39.4
39.5
40.4
39.8
40.4
41.0
42.5
43.3
42.7
40.9
41.1
40.7
$ 1.77
$ 69.06
1.82
1.84
1.86
1.88
1.85
1.83
1.84
1.87
1.89
1.91
1.92
1.88
1.88
1.91
70.07
69.70
70.13
70. 71
72. 22
70.00
71. 28
72.04
76.08
78.01
78. 51
73. 39
73.16
74. 07
Sporting and athletic
goods »
$ 1.59
$ 63.83
1.64
1.71
1.69
1.66
1. 66
1. 66
1. 65
1.65
1.67
1.67
1.68
1.71
1.70
1.72
69.70
70. 20
69. 48
69. 45
70.95
71. 55
72.68
73.60
71. 86
71.39
72.31
73.05
73.02
73.93
39.4
39.6
39.0
38.6
38.8
39.2
39.1
39.5
40.0
39.7
38.8
39.3
39.7
39.9
40.4
Jewelry and
findings
$ 1.62
1.76
1.80
1.80
1.79
1.81
1.83
1.84
1. 84
1.81
1. 84
1.84
1.84
1.83
1.83
41.6
40.5
39.6
39.4
39.5
40.8
40.0
40.5
40.7
42.5
43.1
42.9
41.0
41.1
40.7
Silverware and
plated ware
$ 1.66
$ 83.38
1.73
1.76
1.78
1.79
1.77
1. 75
1.76
1. 77
1. 79
1. 81
1.83
1.79
1.78
1.82
84.05
81.18
81.35
81.95
81.16
80. 57
83. 79
88.82
91.81
95.27
90.52
85.86
87. 53
87.31
Pens, pencils, other
office supplies
$ 66 .
58
67.30
68.85
69.03
69. 65
68.73
64. 39
66. 42
67.43
67.15
68.28
69.20
68.68
69.65
70.18
41.1
40.3
39.8
39.9
39.8
39.5
38.1
39.3
39.9
39.5
39.7
40.0
39.7
39.8
40.1
$ 1.62
$ 62.33
1.67
1.73
1.73
1. 75
1. 74
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.70
1. 72
1.73
1.73
1.75
1.75
65.07
63.36
64.73
64. 51
65.35
64. 73
65.02
66.19
66. 25
67. 99
65. 40
65. 57
67.15
67.03
Nondurable goods
Miscellaneous manu
facturing industries—
Continued
Food and kindred products
$ 74.37
74.64
75.85
75.07
75.27
75.85
75. 46
75.46
76.24
76.22
76. 42
77. 41
78.80
78.01
78.41
40.2
39.7
39.3
39.1
39.0
39.3
39.1
39.1
39.5
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.8
39.8
$ 76.12
79.00
80.16
80. 77
81.76
84.58
85.02
83.00
84. 45
81.61
82.01
82.62
84.05
84.26
85.70
44.0
42.7
40.9
41.0
41.5
42.5
42.3
41.5
41.6
40.6
40.4
40.7
41.2
41.1
41.2
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Total: Food and
kindred products
$ 1.85
$ 75.03
1.88
1.93
1.92
1.93
1. 93
1.93
1.93
1.93
1.92
1.92
1.94
1.97
1.96
1.97
78.17
79.60
79.80
80.80
81.81
81. 99
81.56
82. 78
81.80
83. 64
84.46
84.65
83.60
84.42
$ 1.73
1.85
1.96
1.97
1.97
1.99
2.01
2.00
2.03
2.01
2.03
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.08
41.0
40.5
39.6
39.7
40.2
40.7
41.2
41.4
41.6
40.9
41.0
41.0
40.5
40.0
40.2
$ 1.83
$ 84.03
1.93
2.01
2.01
2.01
2.01
1.99
1.97
1.99
2.00
2.04
2.06
2 . 09
2.09
2.10
87.08
86. 75
87.25
88.36
90.54
91.58
89.87
93. 94
93.25
97.44
95.63
95.65
91.73
93.13
Ice cream and ices
$ 77.
65
81.90
83.00
84.62
84.84
86.48
89.86
89.03
89. 89
87. 99
87. 97
88.40
88.17
88.60
89.24
42.2
42.0
41.5
42.1
42.0
42.6
43.2
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.3
41.5
41.2
41.4
41.7
M eat products9
41.6
40.5
38.9
39.3
39.8
40.6
40.7
40.3
41.2
40.9
42.0
41.4
40.7
39.2
39.8
$ 2.02
2.15
2. 23
2. 22
2.22
2.23
2.25
2. 23
2.28
2.28
2.32
2.31
2.35
2 . 34
2.34
Canning and
preserving 9
$ 1.84
$ 62.02
1.95
2.00
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.08
2.09
2.12
2.10
2.13
2.13
2.14
2.14
2.14
63.57
62.87
64.70
65.62
63.58
64.31
69.47
71.06
66.73
62.16
64.98
66.85
67. 55
68. 50
39.5
39.0
37.2
37.4
38.6
38.3
40.7
42.1
42.3
40.2
37.9
38.0
38.2
38.6
38.7
$ 1.57
1.63
1.69
1.73
1.70
1.66
1.58
1. 65
1.68
1. 66
1.64
1.71
1.75
1.75
1.77
Meatpacking, whole
sale
$ 92.00
96. 41
96.80
95.83
97.93
100. 45
101. 68
100.28
106.08
105.32
111.11
107.94
108. 62
104.09
105. 78
42.2
41.2
40.0
39.6
40.3
41.0
41.0
40.6
41.6
41.3
42.9
42.0
42.1
40.5
41.0
41.9
41.2
39.6
39.3
39.4
39.4
39.3
39.9
41.7
42.7
43.7
42.1
40.5
40.9
40.8
39.2
39.2
38.4
38.3
38.4
38.9
38.3
38.7
39.4
39.2
39.3
39.4
38.8
39.5
39.2
$ 80.54
2.04
2.05
2.07
2.08
2.06
2.05
2.10
2.13
2.15
2.18
2.15
2.12
2.14
2.14
83.03
82.40
80.32
79.87
80. 47
81.48
85. 65
87.33
88. 81
88. 58
92.88
88.15
87.94
88. 56
$ 85.08
2.34
2.42
2.42
2.43
2.45
2.48
2.47
2 . 55
2 . 55
2.59
2 . 57
2.58
2.57
2.58
88.51
89.72
90.12
93. 25
94. 58
97.06
94. 81
95.88
94.64
97.70
98.18
96. 70
94. 56
95.99
41.5
40.6
39.7
39.7
40.9
41.3
42.2
41.4
40.8
40.1
41.4
41.6
40.8
39.9
40.5
41.3
40.5
40.0
38.8
38.4
38.5
38.8
40.4
41.0
41.5
41. 2
42.8
41.0
40.9
41.0
$ 1.95
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.17
2.15
2.15
2.16
Fabricated plastics
products
$ 1.59
$ 75.35
1.66
1.65
1.69
1.68
1.68
1.69
1.68
1.68
1. 69
1.73
1.66
1.69
1.70
1.71
78.31
75.84
76.04
76.81
79.37
78.98
79.77
82. 74
81.76
81.54
82.76
83.20
82.35
81.16
Sausages and casings
$ 2.18
Musical instruments
and parts
$ 1.99
Costume jewelry,
buttons, notions
Durable goods—
Continued
Condensed and
evaporated milk
1956 : Average_____
1957 : Average_____
1958: March.............
Total: Miscellaneous
manufacturing
industries
$ 1.60
Other manufacturing
industries
1956: Average_____
1957 : Average_____
1958: March______
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
41.4
41.0
39.5
39.4
39.8
40.7
40.5
40.7
42.0
41.5
41.6
41.8
41.6
41.8
41.2
$ 1.82
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.93
1.95
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.97
1.96
1.98
2.00
1.97
1.97
Dairy products 9
$ 2.05
$ 74.65
2.18
2.26
2. 27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2. 29
2.35
2 . 36
2 . 36
2.36
2.37
2.37
2.37
77.83
78.47
80.06
80.64
83.03
84. 71
83.73
84.18
82.76
82. 59
83.40
84.44
83.43
84.86
42.9
42.3
41.3
41.7
42.0
42.8
43.0
42.5
42.3
41.8
41.5
41.7
41.8
41.3
41.6
$ 1.74
1.84
1.90
1.92
1.92
1.94
1.97
1.97
1.99
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.02
2.02
2.04
Seafood, canned and
cured
Canned fruits, vege
tables, and soups
Grain-mill products9
$ 50.
$ 1.65
$ 66.14
$ 1.59
$ 80.97
1.69
1.78
1.79
1.84
1.75
1.66
1.77
1.87
1.84
1. 81
1.89
1.89
1.96
1.93
66.83
64.70
69.12
69.34
66.22
67.20
72.67
75. 82
69.64
64.06
67.08
69.27
69.95
70.95
1.65
1.73
1.80
1. 76
1. 72
1.57
1.69
1.70
1.67
1.63
1.72
1.79
1.78
1.81
85.50
87.70
87.49
86.88
89.73
90.98
90.37
92.53
91.94
91. 57
92.63
92. 84
90.09
90. 71
66
51.88
62.87
56.92
55.94
51.10
58.27
59.47
55.17
58.33
53.21
60.48
61.80
60.76
63.30
30.7
30.7
29.7
31.8
30.4
29.2
35.1
33.6
29.5
31.7
29.4
32.0
32.7
31.0
32.8
41.6
40.5
37.4
38.4
39.4
38.5
42.8
43.0
44.6
41.7
39.3
39.0
38.7
39.3
39.2
43.3
43.4
43.2
43.1
42.8
44.2
44.6
44.3
44 . 7
44.2
43.4
43.9
44.0
42.9
43.0
$ 1.87
1.97
2.03
2.03
2.1 <3
2. 1/3
2 . J4
2. 1.4
2.07
2.08
2.11
2.11
2.11
2.10
2.11
no
T a ble
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
C -l.
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
Y e a r a n d m o n th
A vg.
h r ly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
e a rn
in g s
A vg.
w k ly .
h o u rs
A vg.
h rly .
e a rn
in g s
M a n u fa c tu rin g — C o n tin u e d
N o n d u ra b le goods— C o n tin u e d
F o o d a n d k in d r e d p r o d u c t s — C o n t i n u e d
Flour and other grainm ill produci»
1956: A v e r a g e ..............
1957: A v e r a g e ---------1958: M a r c h .......... —
A p r i l __________
M a y .....................
J u n e .....................
J u l y ---------------A u g u s t ________
S e p te m b e r ____
O c to b e r _______
N o v e m b e r ____
D e c e m b e r ____
1959: J a n u a r y ---------F e b r u a r y _____
M a r c h ________
$84.73
88.88
90.64
8 9 .3 8
88.5 6
92.9 8
94.2 6
93.8 7
98.9 3
97. 61
97.43
97.63
9 6 .3 2
92.4 3
94.37
4 3 .9
4 4 .0
4 4 .0
4 3 .6
4 3 .2
4 4 .7
45.1
4 4 .7
4 5 .8
4 5 .4
4 4 .9
4 5 .2
4 4 .8
4 3 .6
4 4 .1
$1.9 3 $76.65
2 .0 2
80.5 9
82.27
2 .0 6
2.0 5
84. 29
2 .0 5
81 .4 6
2.0 8
83.40
86 .5 6
2 .0 9
83.51
2 .1 0
84. 52
2 .1 6
84.3 6
2 .1 5
2 .1 7
85. 61
2 .1 6
86. 39
8 6 .7 2
2 .1 5
2 .1 2
84 .0 0
2 .1 4
83.42
Cane-sugar refining
1956: A v e r a g e ______
1957: A v e r a g e ..............
1958: M a r c h .................
A p r il__________
M a y .....................
J u n e ........ ............
J u l y ___________
A u g u s t________
S e p te m b e r ____
O c to b e r _______
N o v e m b e r ____
D e c e m b e r ------1959: J a n u a r y ______
F e b r u a r y _____
M a r c h .................
$87. 36
92.60
90.97
97. 76
91.54
97.90
104. 31
104.48
105.56
101.15
102.00
102. 72
99.66
95.60
100. 56
42.0
41.9
39.9
41.6
39.8
42.2
44.2
43.9
43.8
42.5
42.5
42.8
41.7
40.0
41.9
Prepared feeds
4 3 .8
4 3 .8
4 3 .3
4 3 .9
4 3 .1
44 .6
45 .8
44 .9
4 5 .2
4 4 .4
4 3 .9
4 4 .3
4 4 .7
4 3 .3
4 3 .0
$1.7 5 $73.08
1 .8 4
75. 76
77.21
1. 90
77.61
1 .9 2
1 .8 9
78.99
1.87
79.98
1 .8 9
80. 78
1.86
79.79
1.87
79. 80
1.90
80.00
1. 95
79. 80
1.95
81.20
80.19
1 .9 4
1.94
81.80
1.94
81.2 0
43.1
43.1
38.3
37.4
40.2
41.2
40.0
39.1
39.7
46.1
49.8
48.5
43.4
42.0
37.8
4 0 .6
40 .3
3 9 .8
39 .8
40 .3
4 0 .6
4 0 .8
4 0 .3
40.1
4 0 .2
3 9 .9
4 0 .2
3 9 .7
40 .1
4 0 .0
$1.80 $62. 00
1. 87 64. 48
2.19 64.68
2.13 65.02
2.01 65.18
2.06 66.86
2.06 65.79
2.09 68. 45
2.07 69. 55
1. 79 66.80
1.89 66. 30
1.87 67.43
1.97 67.89
2.05 67.20
2.26 66.61
40.0
39.8
39.2
38.7
38.8
39.8
38.7
40.5
41.4
40.0
39.7
39.9
39.7
39.3
38.5
Bread and other
bakery products
$1 .8 0 $74.89
1.88
77. 76
1.94
78.60
79.00
1. 95
1.96
81.0 0
1.97
81.81
82. 42
1.9 8
1.9 8
81.61
1.99
82.01
82.22
1.99
2. 00 82.01
82.8 2
2 .0 2
82.1 9
2 .0 2
2 .0 4
84.0 3
2 .0 3
83.21
C o n f e c tio n e r y a n d
r e l a te d p r o d u c t s *
Beet sugar
$2. 08 $77. 58
2. 21 80.60
2. 28 83.88
2.35 79.66
2.30 80.80
2.32 84. 87
2.36 82.40
2. 38 81.72
2. 41 82.18
2. 38 82. 52
2. 40 94.12
2. 40 90. 70
2.39 85. 50
2.39 86.10
2.40 85.43
B a k e ry p ro d u c ts *
4 0 .7
40 .5
3 9 .9
3 9 .9
4 0 .5
40 .7
40 .8
4 0 .4
4 0 .4
4 0 .5
4 0 .2
4 0 .4
3 9 .9
4 0 .4
4 0 .2
$1 .8 4 $65.84
1.9 2
68.51
1.97
71. 31
1. 98 71.89
2 .0 0
72.25
73.16
2.01
2. 02 73.8 9
2 .0 2
72.83
2 .0 3
72.52
2 .0 3
71.97
2. 04 72.1 7
2. 05
74.0 7
2 .0 6
73.32
2 .0 8
73.51
2 .0 7
73.51
Confectionery
$1. 55 $59. 70
1. 62 62.17
1.65 62. 40
1.68 62. 76
1.68 62. 76
1.68 64.55
1.70 63.03
1.69 66.33
1.68 67. 57
1.67 64.48
1.67 63.83
1.69 65. 27
1.71 65.57
1.71 64.91
1.73 64.18
39.8
39.6
39.0
38.5
38.5
39.6
38.2
40.2
41.2
39.8
39.4
39.8
39.5
39.1
38.2
Biscuits, crackers,
and pretzels
3 9 .9
3 9 .6
3 9 .4
3 9 .5
3 9 .7
4 0 .2
4 0 .6
3 9 .8
3 9 .2
3 8 .9
3 8 .8
3 9 .4
3 9 .0
3 9 .1
3 9 .1
$ 1 .6 5 $79.98
84.4 4
1 .7 3
84.6 5
1.81
1.8 2 8 8 .3 4
84. 59
1 .8 2
1.8 2
90.07
1 .8 2
92. 65
1 .8 3
93. 04
1.85
92.6 0
87.02
1.8 5
93.8 4
1.8 6
1 .8 8
9 1 .6 8
1 .8 8
89.8 9
1 .8 8
87.7 4
91.0 8
1 .8 8
Beverages1
$1. 50 $85.63
1.57 88.98
1.60 88. 82
1. 63 88. 43
1.63 92. 69
1.63 95.35
1. 65 96.00
1.65 94.07
1.64 93. 03
1.62 92.40
1. 62 92. 97
1. 64 94. 71
1.66 92.10
1.66 92.66
1.68 93. 69
40.2
39.9
39.3
39.3
40.3
41.1
41.2
40.9
40.1
40.0
39.9
40.3
39.7
39.6
39.7
1956: A v e r a g e ......... ..
1957: A v e r a g e _______
1958: M a r c h ________
A p r i l ______
M a y .....................
J u n e __________
J u l y --------------A u g u s t ________
S e p te m b e r ____
O c to b e r _______
N o v e m b e r ____
D e c e m b e r ____
1959: J a n u a r y ......... ..
F e b r u a r y _____
M a r c h .................
$103.34
107. 44
107.92
107. 75
114.62
118.08
117. 62
113. 83
113. 08
109. 62
112. 22
113.94
110.87
110.78
112.42
39.9
39.5
39.1
38.9
40.5
41.0
40.7
39.8
39.4
38.6
39.1
39.7
38.9
38.6
38.9
Distilled, rectified, and
blended liquors
$2.59 $81.90
2. 72 84.42
2. 76 83. 78
2. 77 82.43
2.83 84.90
2.88 84.36
2.89 88. 03
2.86 88.53
2.87 87.40
2.84 94.37
2. 87 92. 97
2. 87 91.96
2.85 90.01
2.87 91.73
2.89 90.24
39.0
38.2
37.4
36.8
37.9
38.0
39.3
39.0
38.0
40.5
39.9
39.3
38.3
39.2
38.4
Miscellaneous food
products }
$2.10 $72.92
2.21 76.86
2.24 79.54
2. 24 78. 36
2.24 79.32
2. 22 79. 32
2.24 80.12
2.27 81.16
2.30 82. 78
2.33 82.19
2. 33 84. 42
2. 34 83.40
2.35 82.60
2.34 83.62
2.35 83.00
41.2
41.1
41.0
40.6
41.1
41.1
41.3
41.2
41.6
41.3
42.0
41.7
41.3
41.6
41.5
$1.77
1.87
1.94
1.93
1.93
1.93
1.94
1.97
1.99
1.99
2.01
2.00
2.00
2. 01
2.00
41.4
41.2
40.1
41.3
40.9
42.3
41.7
40.6
41.8
42.8
44.4
43.9
42.1
42.2
42.3
M anufactured ice
$2. 09 $69. 55
2. 21 73. 43
2. 26 75.86
2. 30 75. 07
2.31 74.90
2.31 74.09
2.28 76. 56
2.32 77.74
2.37 76. 78
2.41 74.29
2. 44 76.29
2. 38 74.73
2.40 75.60
2.42 75.16
2.43 79.87
1956: A v e r a g e ......... —
1957: A v e r a g e _______
1958: M a r c h ________
A p r il____ _____
M a y .......... ..........
J u n e .....................
J u l y ---------------A u g u s t................
S e p te m b e r ____
O c t o b e r . . . ___
N o v e m b e r ____
D e c e m b e r ____
1959: J a n u a r y ______
F e b r u a r y ...........
M a r c h ________
$70. 88
73.60
70.31
77. 55
77.97
80.64
79. 87
79.87
75.98
76.57
80.73
85.17
79.95
77.41
77.22
See footnotes at end of table
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
40.5
40.0
37.8
40.6
40.4
42.0
41.6
41.6
40.2
40.3
41.4
42.8
41.0
39.9
39.4
Cigars
$1. 75 $47.63
1. 84 49. 63
1.86 49.14
1.91 48. 06
1.93 50.73
1.92 51.51
1. 92 51.92
1.92 52.88
1.89 54. 77
1.90 54. 49
1. 95 55.30
1.99 53.34
1.95 51.80
1.94 51.80
1.96 51.80
37.5
37.6
36.4
35.6
37.3
37.6
37.9
38.6
39.4
39.2
39.5
38.1
37.0
37.0
37.0
Tobacco and snuff
$1.27 $57.13
1.32 60. 75
1.35 61.12
1.35 60.92
1.36 62.87
1.37 63.13
1.37 63.00
1.37 64.73
1. 39 61.92
1.39 62.66
1.40 63. 75
1.40 66. 35
1.40 65.32
1.40 65.19
1.40 64.67
37.1
37.5
36.6
36.7
37.2
37.8
37.5
38.3
37.3
37.3
37.5
38.8
38.2
37.9
37.6
41.2
41.4
40.8
41.1
41.6
43.1
43.1
43.7
42.3
41.2
41.1
41.8
41.8
41.3
41.6
$1. 57
1.63
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.65
1.67
1.66
1.64
1.64
1.65
1.67
1.64
1.66
1.68
44.3
44.5
43.6
43.9
43.8
44.1
45.3
45.2
44.9
43.7
44.1
43.7
43.7
43.7
45.9
Total: Tobacco
manufactures
$1. 57 $56.02
1.65 58. 67
1. 74 58.99
1. 71 62. 70
1.71 64.24
1.68 66.30
1.69 65.74
1.72 62.96
1.71 60.15
1.70 60.19
1.73 62. 72
1.71 66.17
1.73 63.63
1.72 63. 53
1.74 64.39
38.9
38.6
37.1
38.0
38.7
39.7
39.6
39.6
40.1
39.6
39.2
40.1
38.8
38.5
38.1
$1.44
1. 52
1. 59
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.66
1.59
1.50
1.52
1.60
1. 65
1.64
1.65
1.69
Textile-mill products
Tobacco manufactures—Continued
Cigarettes
$ 1 .86
1.95
2 .0 9
2 .1 6
2 .1 2
2.16
2 .1 8
2 .2 1
2 .2 1
1.96
1 .8 4
1 .8 3
2.11
2 .1 4
2 .2 0
Tobacco manufactures
Corn sirup, sugar,
oil, and starch
$86. 53
91.05
90.63
94. 99
94.48
97. 71
95.08
94.19
99. 07
103.15
108. 34
104.48
101.04
102.12
102.79
4 3 .0
4 3 .3
4 0 .5
4 0 .9
3 9 .9
41 .7
4 2 .5
42 .1
4 1 .9
4 4 .4
5 1 .0
50.1
4 2 .6
4 1 .0
4 1 .4
Bottled soft drinks
$2.13 $64.68
2. 23 67.48
2. 26 66.50
2. 25 67.40
2. 30 68.64
2.32 71.12
2. 33 71.98
2.30 72.54
2.32 69. 37
2. 31 67. 57
2.33 67. 82
2.35 69. 81
2.32 68. 55
2.34 68. 56
2.36 69.89
Food and kindred products—Continued
M alt liquors
S ugar *
Tobacco stemming
and redrying
$1. 54 $47.04
1.62 48.13
1. 67 51.99
1.66 54.83
1.69 56. 78
1.67 57.98
1.68 57. 45
1.69 49.28
1.66 48.62
1.68 47.36
1.70 44.14
1. 71 52. 77
1.71 50.14
1.72 51.30
1.72 53.95
39.2
38.2
37.4
36.8
37.6
38.4
38.3
38.2
41.2
39.8
35.6
38.8
37.7
38.0
36.7
Total: Textile-mill
products
$1. 20 $57.42
1.26 58.35
1.39 56.40
1.49 54.90
1. 51 55.95
1.51 57.98
1.50 57. 90
1.29 59.19
1.18 59.95
1.19 60.95
1.24 61.26
1.36 61.10
1.33 60.89
1.35 61.66
1.47 63.43
39.6
38.9
37.6
36.6
37.3
38.4
38.6
39.2
39.7
40.1
40.3
40.2
39.8
40.3
40.4
Scouring and comb
ing plants
$1.45 $66. 08
1.50 64. 32
1.50 61. 39
1.50 62.64
1.50 63.20
1. 51 67.68
1.50 68.10
1.51 67. 42
1.51 65.99
1.52 64.88
1.52 65.45
1. 52 66. 62
1.53 70.52
1.53 68.30
1. 57 70.29
41.3
40. 2
39.1
39.9
40.0
42.3
42.3
42.4
41.5
40.3
40.4
41.9
43.0
41.9
42.6
$1.60
1.60
1.57
1. 57
1.58
1.60
1.61
1.59
1.59
1.61
1. 62
1.59
1.64
1.63
1.65
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able C -l.
Til
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg, Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly, wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg.
hrly,
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Year and month
Nondurable goods—Continued
Textile-mill products—Continued
Yarn and thread
mills 2
1956: Average........... $52.39
1957: Average_____ 52. 72
1958: M arch ............ 49.62
April_______
48.51
M ay________ 49.21
June...... .......... 61.66
Ju ly ................. 51.94
August—......... 53. 76
September___ 54.46
October........... 55.13
November___ 56.12
December___
56.26
1959: January— ___ 55.70
February____ 56.52
M arch______
58.25
39.1
38.2
35.7
34.9
35.4
36.9
37.1
38.4
38.9
39.1
39.8
39.9
39.5
39.8
39.9
Yarn mills
$1. 34 $52.53
1.38 53.10
1.39 49.35
1.39 47.96
1.39 48.93
1.40 51.38
1.40 51.66
1.40 54.00
1.40 54. 71
1.41 54. 85
1.41 56. 37
1.41 56.37
1.41 55.55
1.42 56.66
1.46 58.95
Cotton, silk, synthetic
fiber-—Continued
39.2
38.2
35.5
34.5
35.2
36.7
36.9
38.3
38.8
38.9
39.7
39.7
39.4
39.9
40.1
Broad-woven fabric
mills 3
Thread m ills
$1.34 $52.79
1.39 55.13
1.39 52.45
1.39 53. 72
1. 39 49.21
1.40 51.26
1.40 50. 69
1.41 52.97
1.41 54.24
1.41 54. 72
1.42 56.16
1.42 57. 86
1.41 57. 71
1.42 57.13
1.47 56.98
Woolen and worsted
39.1
39.1
37.2
38.1
34.9
36.1
35.7
37.3
38.2
38.0
39.0
39.9
39.8
39.4
38.5
$1.35 $56.28
1.41 56.70
1.41 54.81
1.41 52.85
1. 41 53.86
1.42 55.68
1.42 56.41
1.42 57.38
1.42 57.96
1.44 58.98
1.44 59. 42
1.45 59.54
1.45 59.09
1.45 59. 98
1.48 62.17
Narrow fabrics and
40.2
39.1
37.8
36.7
37.4
38.4
38.9
39.3
39.7
40,4
40.7
40.5
40.2
40.8
40.9
$1.40 $54.66
1.45 55.63
1.45 53.25
1.44 51.18
1.44 52.40
1.45 54.20
1.45 54. 53
1.46 55. 77
1.46 56.74
1.46 57.89
1. 46 59.02
1.47 58.58
1.47 57.60
1.47 58.73
1.52 61. 31
40.0
38.9
37.5
36.1
36.8
37.8
38.3
39.0
39.4
40.3
40.8
40.4
40.0
40.5
40.7
South
38.2
36.6
38.8
36.9
37.0
36.1
35.9
37.5
37.8
39.0
39.8
39.5
37.8
38.5
38.9
41.6
40.8
39.9
39.4
40.6
41.8
41.8
41.5
41.6
41.7
41.0
41.0
41.6
42.5
42.7
$1.57 $58.51
1.60 60.80
1.59 58.37
1.59 57.68
1.60 58. 91
1.61 60. 76
1.61 60.45
1.60 60. 45
1.60 61. 69
1.60 61.31
1.60 62.49
1.60 63.34
1.61 63.27
1.61 64.21
1.64 64.62
41.2
40.6
39.7
39.1
39.9
41.8
40.0
40.6
40.8
41.7
41.6
41.8
41.2
42.1
42.4
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
39.8
40.0
38.4
38.2
38.5
39.2
39.0
39.0
39.8
39.3
39.8
40.6
40.3
40.9
40.9
$1.47 $53.68
1.52 54.09
1.52 53.14
1.51 51.74
1. 53 53.29
1. 55 54. 75
1. 55 54.67
1.55 56.12
1.55 57.18
1.56 57. 48
1.57 58.16
1.56 56.74
1.57 55.94
1.57 56.68
1.58 57.22
37.8
37.3
36.4
35.2
36.5
37.5
37.7
38.7
38.9
39.1
39.3
38.6
37.8
38.3
38.4
39.5
38.5
37.4
37.4
37.8
38.2
39.0
38.8
39.4
39. 7
39. 9
40.5
40.2
40.4
40.0
$1.48
1. 52
1.52
1.51
1. 53
1. 53
1. 52
1 53
1 54
1 54
1. 55
1. 55
1 54
1. 55
1. 55
$1.42 $58.98
1.45 57.51
1.46 58.60
1.47 55.94
1.46 57.07
1.46 55.94
1. 45 55.27
1.45 57.38
1.47 58.45
1.47 59. 98
1.48 60.74
1.47 60. 44
1.48 57.68
1.48 58. 45
1.49 59.06
38.3
37.1
38.3
36.8
37.3
36.8
36.6
38.0
38.2
39.2
39.7
39.5
37.7
38.2
38.6
North
$1.54 $58. 82
1.55 59.68
1.53 55.72
1.52 55.48
1.53 59.28
1. 52 59. 29
1.51 58. 83
1.51 60.37
1. 53 61.39
1.53 62. 88
1.53 62.17
1.53 61.46
1.53 57.97
1.53 58.13
1.53 59.35
38.7
38.5
36.9
36.5
38.0
38.5
38.2
39.2
39. 1
39 8
39. 6
39.4
37 4
37.5
37.8
$1.52
1.55
1.51
1. 52
1 56
1. 54
1 54
1. 54
1. 57
1.58
1. 57
1. 56
1. 55
1. 55
1.57
38.0
37.0
36.2
34.3
35. 5
36.8
37.4
38.8
39 8
39.7
39. 8
39.0
39.1
38.7
38.6
$1.31
1- 37
1.38
1.38
1 38
1.38
1. 37
1 39
1 41
1 41
1. 41
1.40
1 43
1. 41
1.42
Seamless hosiery
United States
$1.55 $46. 21
1.55 48.55
1.53 47.54
1. 52 45.02
1.51 46.98
1.51 48.60
1.50 50.63
1.49 50.65
1.51 51.30
1.51 52.47
1.51 53.79
1.51 51.89
1.52 51.71
1.52 52. 30
1.52 52.54
Dyeing and finishing
textiles 3
1956: Average_____ $65. 92
1957: Average....... .
66.99
1958: M arch______ 65.11
April_______
64.12
M ay................ 65.04
June________ 69. 39
July------------- 65.60
August______ 66.58
September___ 67.32
October........... 69.64
November___ 69. 06
December___
69.39
1959: January__ _
67.98
February____ 70.31
March______
72. 50
North
$1.37 $58.46
1.43 58.52
1.42 56.85
1.41 56. 47
1.42 57. 83
1.43 58. 45
1. 42 59.28
1.43 59. 36
1.44 60.68
1.44 61.14
1.45 61. 85
1.45 62. 78
1.44 61.91
1.45 62. 62
1.51 62. 00
United States
$1.35 $65.31
1.41 65.28
1.41 63.44
1.40 62. 65
1.40 64. 96
1.41 67. 30
1.41 67.30
1.42 66. 40
1.42 66. 56
1.43 66.72
1.43 65. 60
1.43 65.60
1.43 66.98
1.44 68.43
1. 50 70.03
Full-fashioned,
hosiery— Continued
1956: Average_____ $59. 21
1957: Average_____ 56.73
1958: M arch______ 59.36
April_______
56.09
M ay________ 55. 87
June............. .
54. 51
July------------- 53.85
August______ 55.88
September___ 57.08
October_____
58.89
November___ 60.10
December___
59. 65
1959: January_____ 57.46
February____ 58.52
March............. 59.13
39.9
38.9
37.5
36.3
36.9
37.9
38.4
39.0
39.4
40.2
40.7
40.4
40.0
40.5
40.6
FlUl-fashioned hosiery
Knitting mills 3
South
1956: Average......... $54.00
1957: Average_____ 54.85
1958: M arch.........
52.88
A pril..______
50.54
M ay________ 51.52
June________ 63.30
J u ly ............... 54.00
August--------- 55. 38
September___ 55.95
October_____
57.63
November___ 58.34
December___
57. 77
1959: January_____ 57.20
February____ 58.32
March______
61.05
Cotton, silk, synthetic fiber
United States
36.1
36.5
34.7
33.1
34.8
36.0
37.5
37.8
38.0
38.3
38.7
37.6
37.2
37.9
37.8
$1.28 $49.40
1.33 51.14
1.37 50. 82
1.36 51.52
1. 35 50.87
1.35 51.29
1.35 52. 22
1.34 52.68
1.35 55.13
1.37 54.88
1.39 54. 53
1.38 53.44
1.39 52.34
1.38 51.71
1.39 53.30
Dyeing and finishing
textiles (except wool)
$1.60 $65.51
1.65 66.58
1.64 65.04
1. 64 63.90
1.63 65.04
1.66 68.81
1.64 64.87
1.64 66. 34
1. 65 67. 08
1.67 69. 39
1.66 69. 55
1.66 69.39
1.65 68.15
1.67 69. 72
1. 71 72.33
41.2
40.6
39.9
39.2
39.9
41.7
39.8
40.7
40.9
41.8
41.9
41.8
41.3
42.0
42.3
North
38.0
37.6
36.3
36.8
36.6
36.9
37.3
37.9
39.1
39.2
38.4
37.9
36.6
37.2
37.8
$1.30 $45.82
1.36 48.28
1.40 46.92
1.40 44.34
1.39 46.23
1.39 48.11
1.40 50.25
1.39 50. 27
1.41 50. 65
1.40 51. 95
1.42 53. 41
1.41 51.89
1.43 51.47
1.39 52.44
1.41 52.54
Carpets, rugs, other
floor coverings 3
$1.59 $74.16
1.64 74.70
1.63 75.74
1.63 73.70
1.63 73.88
1.65 75.24
1.63 77.52
1.63 77.90
1.64 80. 41
1.66 81.51
1.66 81.37
1. 66 81.79
1.65 82.41
1.66 82. 99
1.71 83.03
41.2
40.6
40.5
39.2
39.3
39.6
40.8
41.0
42.1
42.9
42.6
42.6
42.7
43.0
42.8
xiwif outerwear
South
35.8
36.3
34.5
32.6
34.5
35.9
37.5
37.8
37.8
38.2
38.7
37.6
37.3
38.0
37.8
$1.28 $56.15
1.33 57.30
1.36 55.18
1.36 54.93
1.34 57.38
1.34 59.13
1.34 58.22
1.33 60.13
1.34 59. 67
1.36 59. 91
1.38 60.06
1.38 57.99
1.38 57.13
1.38 57. 60
1.39 58.75
Wool carpets, rugs ,
and carpet yarn
$1.80 $73. 26
1.84 72. 25
1.87 71.39
1.88 68.63
1.88 69.16
1.90 69.18
1.90 69. 55
1.90 72.86
1.91 77.79
1.90 78.12
1.91 78. 54
1.92 78.91
1.93 80.89
1.93 81.84
1.94 80.33
40.7
39.7
38.8
37.5
38.0
37.6
37.8
39.6
41.6
42.0
42.0
42.2
42.8
43.3
42.5
38.2
37.7
36.3
35.9
37.5
38.9
38.3
39.3
39.0
38.9
39.0
37.9
37.1
37.4
37.9
$1.47 $49.78
1.52 50. 69
1. 52 49.96
1.53 47.33
1. 53 48.99
1.52 50. 78
1.52 51.24
1.53 53. 93
1.53 56.12
1.54 55.98
1. 54 56.12
1.53 54.60
1. 54 55.91
1. 54 54. 57
1.55 54.81
Hats (except cloth
and millinery)
$1.80 $57.38
1.82 59.04
1.84 57.35
1.83 54.42
1.82 57.19
1.84 60. 42
1.84 60.39
1.84 59.67
1.87 58.98
1. 86 55. 28
1.87 59.16
1.87 61.88
1.89 63.75
1.89 64.81
1.89 61. 96
35.2
36.0
35.4
33.8
35.3
36.4
36.6
35.1
34.9
33.3
34.8
36.4
37.5
37.9
37.1
Miscellaneous textile
goods 3
$1.63 $66.83
1.64 69.03
1.62 66.78
1.61 65.53
1.62 66.43
1.66 69. 65
1. 65 68. 60
1.70 68.95
1.69 72.92
1.66 71.28
1. 70 71. 56
1.70 73.03
1. 70 71.20
1.71 72.54
1.67 73. 44
40.5
39.9
38.6
38.1
38. 4
39.8
39.2
39.4
41.2
40.5
40. 2
40.8
40.0
40.3
40.8
$1.65
1. 73
1. 73
1.72
1 73
1. 75
1. 75
1.75
1. 77
1.76
1. 78
1. 79
1. 78
1. 80
1.80
712
T a ble
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
C -l.
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry1—Con,
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Con tinued
Nondurable goods—Continued
Year and month
Textile-mill products—Continued
Felt good» (except
woven felts and hats )
1956: Average-------- $71. 86
1957: Average_____ 73.28
72. 58
1958: M arch______
April....... ........ 69.92
M ay................ 73.15
June...... .......... 75. 27
Ju ly ................ 75. 66
August______ 77.01
September___ 78. 53
October-------- 77. 39
November___ 79.95
December___
79. 54
1959: January_____ 75.64
February------ 76.82
March- ____ 78.98
40.6
39.4
38.2
36.8
37.9
38.6
39.2
39.9
40.9
40.1
41.0
41.0
39.6
39.6
40.5
Paddings and uphol stery filling
Lace goods
$1. 77 $66. 43
1.86 67. 32
1.90 65.30
1.90 65. 87
1.93 64. 05
1.95 68. 71
1.93 65. 69
1.93 61.59
1.92 70.43
1. 93 66.55
1.95 65.88
1.94 65.14
1.91 66.04
1.94 66.98
1.95 67.53
38.4
37.4
37.1
36.8
36.6
38.6
36.7
34.6
38.7
37.6
36.2
36.8
37.1
36.8
36.7
$1.73 $68. 74
1.80 71. 46
1. 76 67.46
1.79 66.70
1.75 68.56
1.78 72.22
1.79 71.34
1.78 72.45
1.82 76.68
1.77 75. 72
1.82 76.08
1.77 77. 70
1.78 73.85
1.82 73.93
1.84 74.98
40.2
40.6
37.9
37.9
38.3
39.9
39.2
40.7
42.6
42.3
41.8
42.0
40.8
40.4
41.2
Processed waste and
recovered fibers
$1.71 $54.10
1.76 57.40
1.78 58.00
1. 76 57. 74
1. 79 57. 86
1.81 58.87
1.82 57.23
1.78 57.82
1.80 62.13
1.79 62.82
1.82 61.95
1.85 62.82
1.81 62. 87
1.83 64.84
1.82 66.88
41.3
41.0
40.0
40.1
39.9
40.6
39.2
39.6
41.7
41.6
41.3
41.6
40.3
41.3
42.6
A rtificial leather, oilcloth, and other coated
fabrics
$1.31 $87. 40
1.40 92. 66
1.45 86. 71
1.44 83. 74
1.45 86.27
1.45 92.23
1.46 91. 58
1.46 91. 58
1.49 98. 57
1. 51 92. 01
1.50 94. 55
1.51 98.06
1.56 93.02
1.57 97.22
1.57 93. 60
43.7
43.5
40.9
39.5
40.5
42.5
42.4
42.4
44.4
42.4
42.4
43.2
41.9
43.4
41.6
Cordage and tw ine
$2.00 $57. 28
2.13 58. 44
2.12 58.37
2.12 57. 53
2.13 57.99
2.17 59. 67
2.16 60.04
2.16 61.05
2.22 62. 06
2.17 60.83
2.23 60. 21
2. 27 62.00
2.22 61.23
2.24 62.33
2.25 63.90
39.5
38.7
37.9
37.6
37.9
39.0
39.5
39.9
40.3
39.5
39.1
40.0
39.5
39.7
40.7
$1.45
1. 51
1.54
1.53
1.53
1.53
1.52
1.53
1.54
1. 54
1.54
1.55
1.55
1.57
1. 57
Apparel and other finished textile products
Total: Apparel and
other finished textile
products
1956: Average-------- $52. 64
1957: Average_____ 53. 64
1958: March........—
51.70
Aprll_______
51.75
M ay________ 52.20
June________ 52.50
July—.............. 53.40
August______ 55. 33
September___ 55.23
October_____ 55.08
November___ 54.42
December___
54.87
1959: January_____ 55.08
February____ 56.15
March. ___
55.69
36.3
36.0
34.7
34.5
34.8
35.0
35.6
36.4
36.1
36.0
35.8
36.1
36.0
36.7
36.4
$1.45 $63.12
1.49 63. 01
1.49 58. 43
1.50 56.14
1.50 60.19
1.50 61. 59
1.50 60. 55
1.52 62. 30
1.53 63. 01
1.53 61.41
1.52 61.60
1. 52 62. 65
1.53 63.36
1.53 63.88
1.53 62.83
Women’s outerwear *
1956: Average-------- $57. 02
1957: Average_____ 58.10
1958: M arch........... - 54. 78
A prll............... 57. 45
M ay________ 57. 45
June................ 55. 44
July----- ------ - 58.13
August______ 60.90
September___ 57. 96
October........... 58. 30
November___ 57. 29
December___
58. 65
1959: January_____ 59.86
February____ 61.94
March__ ____ 61.07
35.2
35.0
33.0
34.4
34.4
33.4
34.6
35.2
33.5
33.7
33.5
34.5
34.8
35.6
35.3
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
35.2
34.8
30.5
35.2
34.3
32.1
33.4
34.2
32.1
32.5
32.4
33.4
33.8
34.6
35.0
Millinery
36.1 $1. 43 $62.02
35.8
1.47 62.11
35.2
1.48 69.89
1. 46 61.00
34.7
35.1
1.5C 49. 54
35.1
1.51 58. 71
34.3
1.4{ 62. 79
35. C 1.51 68.62
36.1
1.5C 69. 52
1.51 68.24
36.3
36.5
1.50 56.90
36.5
1.50 62. 84
35.3
1. 51 65.52
35.7
1.52 69. 75
35.5
1.51 65.15
See footnotes at end of table.
36.7
35.6
33.2
31.9
34.2
34.6
34.8
35.2
35.6
34.5
34.8
35.8
36.0
36.5
35.7
36.7
35.9
38.4
33.7
28.8
32.8
34.5
36.5
36.4
36.3
32.7
35.5
36.2
37.3
36.6
Men’s and boys’ furnishlngs and work
clothing 2
$1.72 $45.26
1. 77 46.23
1.76 45.18
1. 76 44.16
1. 76 44. 42
1.78 44.70
1.74 46.34
1.77 47.62
1.77 48. 38
1.78 47.60
1.77 47. 21
1.75 47.47
1.76 47.09
1. 75 47.62
1.76 48.25
W om en’s dresses
$1.62 $55. 62
1.66 56.03
1.66 49.41
1. 67 61.25
1.67 59.68
1.66 53. 61
1.68 54.78
1.73 58.48
1.73 55. 21
1.73 55. 90
1. 71 55.40
1.7C 57.11
1.72 57.80
1. 74 59. 86
1.73 60.90
Corsets and allied
garments
1956: Average_____ $51. 62
1957: Average.......... 52.63
1958: March______
52.10
April_______
51.70
M ay________ 52. 65
June................ 53.00
July________
51.11
August______ 52. 85
September___ 54.15
October........... 54. 81
November___ 54. 75
December....... 54. 75
1959: January.......— 53.30
February____ 54.26
M arch-........... 53.61
M en’s and boys’
suits and coats
36.5
36.4
35.3
34.5
34.7
35.2
36.2
37.2
37.5
36.9
36.6
36.8
36.5
37.2
37.4
$1.24 $45. 88
1.27 46.46
1.28 45. 44
1.28 44. 54
1.28 44.42
1.27 44.07
1.28 46.21
1.28 47. 49
1.29 48. 89
1.29 48. 50
1.29 48.89
1.29 47. 71
1.29 46.44
1.28 46.98
1.29 47. 73
Household apparel
$1.58 $44. 76
1. 61 46. 44
1.62 47.29
1.74 47.52
1. 74 47.22
1.67 46.33
1.64 45. 72
1.71 47. 29
1.72 47.08
1. 72 47. 57
1.71 48. 51
1.71 48. 08
1.71 46.36
1.73 47.93
1.74 48.60
36.1
36.0
36.1
36.0
35. 5
35.1
34.9
36.1
35.4
35.5
36.2
36.7
34.6
35.5
36.0
Children’s
outerwear
$1.69 $48. 44
1.73 50.55
1.82 49.10
1.81 48.06
1.72 48. 87
1.79 50.65
1.82 51. 57
1.88 50. 74
1.91 50. 54
1.88 51. 71
1. 74 50.05
1. 77 49. 27
1.81 51.38
1.87 52. 50
1.78 49.40
36.7
36.9
36.1
35.6
36.2
36.7
37.1
36.5
36.1
37.2
36.8
35.7
36.7
37.5
35.8
Shirts, collars, and
nightwear
36.7
36.3
35.5
34.8
34.7
34.7
36.1
37.1
37.9
37.6
37.9
36.7
36.0
36.7
37.0
Separate trousers
$1.25 $46. 49
1.28 47.06
1.28 47.78
1.28 46. 73
1.28 45.11
1.27 45.63
1.28 46. 57
1.28 47. 95
1.29 47.16
1.29 46. 41
1.29 45.28
1.30 47.45
1.29 47. 55
1.28 50.17
1.29 50.96
36.9
36.2
36.2
35.4
34.7
35.1
36.1
36.6
36.0
35.7
35.1
36.5
36.3
38.3
38.9
W ork shirts
$1.26 $40.29
1.30 42. 47
1.32 43. 78
1.32 42. 24
1.30 40. 60
1.30 41.76
1.29 39.90
1.31 44. 54
1.31 45. 05
1.30 42.82
1.29 42.95
1. 30 43.19
1.31 44.74
1.31 44.37
1.31 45.08
36.3
36.3
37.1
35.8
34. 7
36.0
34.1
38.4
38.5
36.6
36.4
36.6
37.6
37.6
38.2
$1.11
1.17
1.18
1.18
1.17
1.16
1.17
1.16
1.17
1.17
1.18
1.18
1.19
1.18
1.18
W om en’s suits, coats,
Women’s and chil- Underwear and nightand skirts
dren’s undergarments * wear, except corsets
$1.24 $68.14
1.29 68. 54
1.31 65.16
1.32 57. 32
1.33 60. 99
1.32 64. 62
1.31 72.16
1.31 75. 24
1.3S 70.64
1.34 71.11
1.34 66. 71
1.31 70.18
1.34 72.66
1.35 74.20
1.35 68.80
33.9
33.6
32.1
29.7
32.1
32.8
35.2
36.0
33.8
33.7
32.7
34.4
35.1
35.5
33.4
$2. 01 $47. 55
2. 04 48.91
2.03 48.69
1.93 47. 60
1.90 47.68
1.97 48.28
2.05 48.06
2. 09 49. 68
2.09 50. 86
2.11 52. 30
2.04 52.40
2. 04 50.14
2.07 49.68
2. 09 50.92
2.06 51.15
Miscellaneous
apparel and
accessories
$1.32 $49. 71
1.37 49. 90
1.36 49.00
1.35 47. 80
1.35 49. 07
1.38 50.20
1.3£ 51.26
1.39 50. 74
1.4C 52.82
1.3£ 53. 48
1.36 52.97
1.38 53.39
1.40 52.73
1.4C 52. 45
1.38 51.26
37.1
35.9
35.0
33.9
34.8
35.6
36.1
36.5
37.2
37.4
37.3
37.6
37.4
37.2
36.1
36.3
36.5
35.8
35.0
34.8
35.5
35.6
36.8
37.4
37.9
37.7
36.6
36.0
36.9
36.8
$1.31 $45.38
1.34 47. 47
1.36 47.29
1.36 45.63
1.37 45.33
1.36 46.05
1.35 46. 70
1.35 48.38
1.36 49. 65
1.38 51. 21
1.39 51. 57
1.37 48. 44
1.38 48.28
1.38 49. 74
1.39 49. 98
Other fabricated
textile products »
$1.34 $53. 39
1.39 56.70
1. 40 55. 35
1.41 54.15
1.41 56.32
1.41 56. 92
1.42 56. 39
1.39 57. 45
1.42 59.14
1.43 57.91
1. 42 59.06
1.42 58.59
1.41 59.03
1.41 59.06
1.42 60. 51
37.6
37.8
36.9
36.1
37.3
37.2
37.1
38.3
38.4
38.1
38.1
37.8
37.6
38.1
38.3
36.3
36.8
36.1
35.1
34.6
35.7
36.2
37.5
37.9
38.5
38.2
36.7
36.3
37.4
37.3
$1.25
1.29
1.31
1.30
1.31
1.2©
1.29
1.29
1.31
1.33
1.35
1.32
1.33
1.33
1.34
C urtains, draperies,
and other housefurnishings
$1.42 $46.98
1.50 49. 37
1. 50 49. 71
1.50 48.33
1. 51 49. 41
1.53 50. 05
1.52 49.28
1.50 51.46
1.54 51. 71
1.52 52. 36
1. 55 62.61
1. 55 51.95
1.57 49.50
1.55 52.16
1.58 52.82
36.7
37.4
37.1
35.8
36.6
36.8
38.6
38.4
38.3
38.5
38.4
38.2
36.4
37.8
38.0
$1.28
1.32
1.34
1.35
1.35
1.36
1.35
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.36
1.36
1.38
1.39
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able C -l.
713
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly, wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Year and month
Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other finished textile products—
Continued
Textile bags
1956: Average_____ $57.28
1957: Average........... 59.40
59. 75
1958: M arch______
April............... 58. 75
M a y .............. 59.06
June................ 59.14
July................. 60. 68
August______ 61. 38
September___ 63. 55
October_____
60.98
November___ 60.83
December___
61.07
1959: January.......... 62.16
February____ 59.21
March______
60.45
39.5
39.6
38.8
37.9
38.6
38.4
39.4
39.6
41.0
39.6
39.5
39.4
40.1
38.7
39.0
Canvas products
$1. 45 $55.66
1.50 57.33
1. 54 59. 25
1.55 60.15
1. 53 63.80
1.54 63.09
1.54 62.40
1.55 59.15
1. 55 63.11
1.54 60.05
1.54 60.20
1.55 60.90
1.55 60.34
1.53 61.29
1.55 64.17
39.2
39.0
39.5
40.1
41.7
40.7
41.6
39.7
40.2
40.3
40.4
40.6
39.7
39.8
41.4
$1.42
1. 47
1.50
1.50
1. 53
1.55
1. 50
1.49
1.57
1.49
1.49
1.50
1.52
1.54
1. 55
Paper and allied products
Total: Paper and
allied products
$83.03
86.29
86.11
85.69
86.10
88.20
88. 83
90.53
91.38
91.38
90.95
91.16
91.58
92.01
92.66
42.8
42.3
41.4
41.0
41.0
41.8
41.9
42.5
42.7
42.7
42.5
42.4
42.4
42.4
42.7
$1.94 $91. 05
2.04 94.18
2.08 93.48
2.09 93. 04
2.10 93. 24
2.11 95. 87
2.12 96.73
2.13 98. 31
2.14 99.20
2.14 98. 75
2.14 98. 72
2.15 99.39
2.16 99.62
2.17 99.39
2.17 99. 84
Paper and allied products—Continued
Fiber cant, tubes, and
drum s
1950: Average_____ $79. 56
1957: Average......... . 83.01
87. 95
1958: M arch______
April................ 82.60
M ay................ 84. 63
June...... .......... 84. 89
July------------- 88.29
August--------- 89.60
September___ 89.98
October_____ 92. 51
November___ 97.16
December....... 88.62
1959: January_____ 87.81
February____ 91.53
M arch______
91.58
40.8
40.1
41.1
38.6
39.0
39.3
40.5
41.1
40.9
41.3
42.8
40.1
39.2
40.5
40.7
$1.95
2.07
2.14
2.14
2.17
2.16
2. 18
2.18
2.20
2. 24
2. 27
2. 21
2.24
2. 26
2.25
Other paper and
allied products
$72. 92
76.07
77.36
76.99
76.61
77. 97
78. 55
79.95
80. 75
80. 95
80. 75
81.16
81.77
82.78
82.98
41.2
40.9
40.5
40.1
39.9
40.4
40.7
41.0
41.2
41.3
41.2
41.2
41.3
41.6
41.7
$1. 77
1. 86
1.91
1.92
1.92
1.93
1.93
1.95
1.96
1.96
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
1.99
Pulp, paper, and
paperboard mills
44.2
43.4
42.3
42.1
42.0
42.8
42.8
43.5
43.7
43.5
43.3
43.4
43.5
43.4
43.6
Paperboard con
tainers and boxes *
$2.06 $76.13
2.17 79.90
2.21 79. 79
2.21 78.80
2. 22 80.40
2.24 83.02
2.26 83.02
2.26 85.68
2.27 86.09
2.27 86.50
2.28 86.09
2.29 85.07
2.29 85.08
2.29 85.28
2.29 86.94
41.6
41.4
40.3
39.6
40.2
41.1
41.1
42.0
42.2
42.4
42.2
41.7
41.1
41.2
41.8
$1.83 $75.89
1.93 79.27
1.98 78.79
1. 99 78.21
2.00 79. 79
2.02 82.60
2. 02 82.40
2.04 85. 04
2. 04 85.65
2. 04 85.85
2.04 84. 62
2.04 84.64
2.07 84.87
2.07 84. 67
2.08 86.31
1958: Average_____
1957: Average...........
1958: M arch______
April___ ____
M ay......... ......
June________
July............—
August--------September___
October_____
November___
December.......
1959: January....... .
February____
March______
$93.03
95. 76
96.68
94.92
94.82
96.22
97.11
97. 75
100.19
99.04
98.39
100.19
99.94
99. 57
102.03
40.1
39.9
39.3
38.9
38.7
38.8
39.0
39.1
39.6
39.3
39.2
39.6
39.5
39.2
39.7
$2.32
2.40
2. 46
2.44
2.45
2.48
2.49
2. 50
2. 53
2. 52
2. 51
2.53
2.53
2. 54
2. 57
Industrial inorganic
chemicals s
1956: Average........... $95. 35
1957: Average____ „ 100. 04
1958: M arch______ 102. 82
April________ 102. 50
M ay________ 103. 38
June________ 104. 96
J u ly .............. . 104.60
August______ 105.41
September___ 107. 42
October_____ 105.97
November___ 107.01
December....... 109.25
1959: January_____ 108.09
February____ 108. 36
M arch___. . .
107. 98
41.1
41.0
40.8
40.7
40.7
41.0
40.7
40.7
41.0
40.6
41.0
41.7
41.1
41.2
40.9
Sea footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
$2.32
2.44
2.52
2.52
2. 54
2.56
2.57
2.59
2. 62
2. 61
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.63
2.64
Lithographing
$94.40
96.53
98.42
97.52
97. 54
98.81
100. 23
100.61
101. 39
100.10
100.61
101. 26
101. 53
103. 88
104.28
40.0
39.4
38.9
38.7
38.4
38.9
39.0
39.3
39.3
39.1
39.3
39.4
38.9
39.2
39.5
$93. 90
96.25
97.02
96.14
97. 01
97.38
97.38
98. 54
99.56
99. 68
99.30
101. 76
99.94
100. 44
102.26
38.8
38.5
37.9
37.7
37.6
37.6
37.6
37.9
38.0
37.9
37.9
38.4
38.0
37.9
38.3
$2.42
2.50
2.56
2.55
2. 58
2. 59
2. 59
2.60
2.62
2.63
2.62
2. 65
2.63
2. 65
2.67
$93. 43
97.68
99. 38
101.18
99.70
101.66
103. 53
102.17
105. 01
105.30
106.08
106. 97
105.67
108.21
105.97
40.8
40.7
40.4
40.8
40.2
40. 5
40.6
39.6
40.7
40.5
40.8
41.3
40.8
41.3
40.6
Greeting cards
$2.36 $61.44
2. 45 64 18
2.53 70.38
2.52 69.09
2. 54 68. 53
2.54 66. 39
2. 57 63.58
2. 56 64.09
2. 58 66. 09
2.56 65.77
2. 56 68.60
2. 57 68.68
2.61 71.55
2.65 70.25
2.64 70.46
A lkalies and chlorine
$2.29
2.40
2. 46
2.48
2.48
2.51
2. 55
2.58
2. 58
2.60
2.60
2. 59
2.59
2.62
2.61
41.7
41. 5
40.2
39.7
40.3
41.3
41.2
42.1
42.4
42.5
42.1
41.9
41.4
41.3
41.9
$1.82
1.91
1.96
1.97
1.98
2.00
2.00
2.02
2. 02
2.02
2.01
2.02
2.05
2.05
2.06
Printing, publishing, and allied industries
Total: Printing,pub
lishing, and allied
industries
Newspapers
$99.64
102.03
101.09
102.37
103. 72
103. 72
102. 55
103.14
104. 49
105.19
105.44
109. 56
103.95
104. 90
105. 60
36.1
35.8
35.1
35.3
35.4
35.4
35.0
35.2
35.3
35.3
35.5
36.4
35.0
35.2
35.2
Periodicals
$2. 76
2. 85
2.88
2.90
2.93
2.93
2. 93
2.93
2.96
2.98
2.97
3. 01
2.97
2.98
3.00
$96.16
101.06
102. 31
99.07
98.81
100.23
103. 62
108. 68
107. 86
105. 73
102. 70
104.15
104.15
106.00
111. 78
39.9
40.1
39.5
38.7
38.3
39.0
39.4
40.4
39.8
39.6
38.9
39.3
39.3
39.7
40.5
Books
$2.41
2.52
2.59
2.56
2. 58
2. 57
2.63
2.69
2. 71
2.67
2. 64
2. 65
2.65
2.67
2.76
38.4
38.2
39.1
38.6
38.5
38.6
37.4
37.7
38.2
37.8
39.2
38.8
39.1
38.6
38.5
Industrial organic
chemicals s
$92.89
96.93
97.84
98.00
98.98
100.12
100.69
100.85
102. 25
101. 91
103.07
103. 57
103. 73
103. 57
103. 73
41.1
40.9
40.1
40.0
40.4
40.7
40.6
40.5
40.9
40.6
40.9
41.1
41.0
41.1
41.0
Bookbinding and
related industries
$1.60 $72.10
1.68 73. 71
1.80 73.15
1.79 72. 95
1. 78 73. 53
1.72 74.07
1.70 72. 91
1.70 76.43
1.73 75. 42
1.74 76.40
1.75 77.93
1. 77 78.95
1.83 79.13
1.82 78.13
1.83 79. 31
$2.26
2.37
2.44
2. 45
2.45
2.46
2. 48
2. 49
2.50
2. 51
2.52
2.52
2.53
2.52
2.53
39.4
39.0
37.9
37.8
37.9
37.6
37.2
38.6
37.9
38.2
38.2
38.7
38.6
38.3
38.5
$1.83
1.89
1.93
1.93
1.94
1.97
1.96
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.04
2. 04
2.05
2.04
2.06
Plastics, except syn
thetic rubber
$93.66
99.90
100.45
99. 47
102.18
102. 75
102. 31
104.08
105. 75
105.66
107. 70
106.68
107.10
108.38
107.61
42.0
41.8
41.0
40.6
41.2
41.1
40.6
41.3
41.8
41.6
42.4
42.0
42.0
42.5
42.2
$83.84
84.35
84.24
85.02
85. 58
85. 75
85.19
88.26
88. 53
87.42
86.46
87.58
88.88
87.98
90. 74
40.5
39.6
39.0
39.0
38.9
38.8
38.9
39.4
39.7
39.2
38.6
39.1
39.5
39.1
39.8
$2.07
2.13
2.16
2.18
2.20
2.21
2.19
2.24
2.23
2.23
2.24
2.24
2.25
2.25
2.28
Chemicals and allied
products
Printing, publishing, and allied Industries—Continued
Commercial printing
Paperboard boxes
Miscellaneous pub Total: Chemicals and
lishing and print
allied products
ing services
$109.09
110. 78
110. 21
107. 73
110. 96
111. 22
111. 30
112.86
110. 70
112. 42
113. 78
113.62
113.45
116.19
118.08
39.1
38.6
38.4
37.8
38.0
37.7
37.6
38.0
37.4
37.6
37.8
38.0
38.2
38.6
39.1
$2.79 $87.14
2.87 91. 46
2.87 92.39
2. 85 92. 39
2. 92 93.43
2.95 94. 94
2.96 95.06
2.97 95.24
2.96 95.94
2.99 95.94
3.01 96. 82
2.99 97. 70
2.97 97.00
3.01 97.64
3.02 97.23
Synthetic rubber
$2.22 $104.67
2.39 107.98
2.44 110.03
2. 45 108.14
2. 48 110.03
2.50 112.61
2. 52 111. 52
2.52 112.75
2. 53 113. 98
2.54 114.67
2.54 117.88
2. 54 120. 56
2.55 121.26
2. 55 118. 53
2. 55 118.08
41.7
40.9
40.6
40.2
40.6
41.1
40.7
41.0
41.0
41.1
41.8
42.3
42.4
41.3
41.0
41.3
41.2
40.7
40.7
40.8
41.1
40.8
40.7
41.0
41.0
41.2
41.4
41.1
41.2
41.2
$2.11
2.22
2.27
2.27
2.29
2.31
2.33
2.34
2. 34
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.36
2.37
2.36
Synthetic fibers
$2. 51 $78.00
2.64 82.21
2.71 82. 74
2.69 82. 71
2.71 83.79
2.74 85.44
2. 74 86. 07
2.75 87.08
2. 78 86. 46
2.79 84. 96
2.82 85.60
2.85 86.43
2.86 84.99
2.87 85.63
2.88 85.84
40.0
40.3
39.4
39.2
39.9
40.3
40.6
40.5
40.4
39.7
40.0
40.2
39.9
40.2
40.3
$1.95
2.04
2.10
2.11
2.10
2.12
2.12
2.15
2.14
2.14
2.14
2.15
2.13
2.13
2.13
714
T able
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
C -l.
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg, Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly.
hrly. wkly.
earn earn wkly.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings hours
ings
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Year and month
Nondurable goods—Continued
Chemicals and allied products—Continued
Soap, cleaning and
Drugs and medicines polishing
preparations2
Explosives
1956: Average........... $87.29
1057: Average......... 93.30
1958: M arch______ 92.20
91.49
April_______
M ay------------ 92. 75
June........ ........ 95. 65
July. .............. 95.36
August______ 98.16
September___ 99. 29
October_____ 99. 53
November___ 99.46
98.40
December___
1959: January_____ 97.53
February____ 97.53
98.01
March______
40.6
41.1
39.4
39.1
39.3
40.7
39.9
40.9
41.2
41.3
41.1
41.0
40.3
40.3
40.5
$2.15 $78.55
2.27 82.82
2.34 85.90
2.34 85.68
2. 36 84. 85
2.35 86.11
2.39 86.71
2. 40 85.41
2. 41 85.63
2.41 86.24
2.42 87.29
2. 40 88.54
2.42 88. 54
2.42 88.73
2.42 88.73
Gum and wood
chemicals
1956: Average.......... $75.33
1957: Average_____ 78.20
77.83
1958: March______
A p ril_______ 81.83
M ay ............— 80.03
June________ 79.93
July................. 81.45
80. 26
August..........
September___ 80.64
O ctober.......... 79. 90
November___ 80.77
December___
81. 71
1959: January_____ 81.54
February____ 80.16
80.32
M arch______
42.8
42.5
41.4
42.4
41.9
41.2
42.2
41.8
42.0
41.4
41.0
41.9
41.6
40.9
41.4
40.7
40.8
41.1
40.8
40.6
41.2
40.9
40.1
40.2
40.3
40.6
40.8
40.8
40.7
40.7
$1.93
2.03
2.09
2.10
2. 09
2.09
2.12
2.13
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.17
2.17
2.18
2.18
42.3
42.5
43.2
43.5
44.3
41.2
40.8
41.2
42.2
42.5
42.3
41.8
43.3
43.3
43.9
41.2
41.1
40.7
40.3
40.7
40.9
40.9
42.0
42.0
41.2
41.0
42.1
40.6
41.4
41.3
$1.60 $74.58
1.69 78.67
1.68 81.10
1.69 81.78
1.77 81.08
1. 76 84.29
1.80 84.24
1.77 83.18
1.79 81.91
1. 77 83.44
1.78 83.08
1.81 82.70
1.77 83.28
1.77 82.40
1.71 82.99
45.2
44.7
43.6
43.5
42.9
43.9
43.2
43.1
43.8
46.1
45.9
44.7
44.3
43.6
43.0
Chemicals and allied products—Continued
Essential oils,perfumes, Compressed and lique
cosmetics
fied gases
1956: Average_____ $66.30
1957: Average_____ 68.85
71.37
1958: M arch______
A p ril.............. 72.52
M ay________ 72. 73
Ju n e................ 72.15
J u ly ............... 71.04
August______ 71.81
September___ 73.12
October_____ 75.01
November___ 74. 64
75.05
December___
1959: January........... 71.63
February____ 70.87
M arch_____
76.22
39.0
38.9
39.0
39.2
39.1
39.0
38.4
38.4
39.1
39.9
39.7
39.5
37.9
37.3
39.7
$1.70
1.77
1.83
1.85
1.86
1.85
1.85
1.87
1.87
1.88
1.88
1.90
1.89
1.90
1.92
$90.09
95.91
96.15
98. 23
98. 71
100. 74
98. 57
101. 09
100. 60
100. 86
103.91
102.51
104.08
104. 83
104. 75
42.1
41.7
40.4
41.1
41.3
41.8
40.9
41.6
41.4
41.0
41.9
41.5
41.8
41.6
41.9
$2.20
2.34
2. 43
2.44
2. 44
2.45
2.45
2. 48
2. 50
2. 48
2.49
2. 51
2. 50
2. 53
2. 54
Vegetable and animal
oils and fats 2
Fertilizers
$1.76 $67.68
1.84 71.83
1.88 72.58
1.93 73.52
1.91 78. 41
1.94 72. 51
1.93 73.44
1.92 72.92
1.92 75.54
1. 93 75.23
1.97 75.29
1.95 75.66
1.96 76. 64
1.96 76.64
1.94 75.07
$90.64
96.17
98.90
98.33
99. 31
100.21
100.21
104.16
105.00
102.18
102.09
105. 67
101. 50
104.74
104.90
$98.16
104.65
107.98
107.45
108.12
109.06
109. 47
113.21
114.90
111. 10
110. 70
115.45
110.30
114.68
114.68
40.9
41.2
40.9
40.7
40.8
41.0
41.0
42.4
42.4
41.3
41.0
42.6
40.7
41.7
41.4
$1.65 $67.95
1.76 71.52
1.86 74.63
1.88 77.44
1.89 77. 22
1.92 80.29
1.95 80. 28
1.93 78.57
1.87 75. 52
1.81 79.51
1.81 77.08
1.85 76.84
1.88 77.68
1.89 77.26
1.93 77.69
45.0
44.7
43.9
44.0
42.9
43.4
42.7
42.7
43.4
47.9
47.0
45.2
44.9
44.4
43.4
1956: Average____
1957: Average...........
1958: M arch______
April___ ____
M ay............ .
June. ______
J u ly ................
August_____
September___
October_____
November___
December___
1959: January_____
February____
March______
$100.95
106.52
98.05
95.67
99. 48
103.63
106. 59
113. 96
113.40
113.24
115. 75
121.40
117. 55
118.98
123. 54
39.9
40.5
37.0
36.1
37.4
38.1
38.9
40.7
40.5
40.3
40.9
42.3
41.1
41.6
42.6
See footnotes a t e n d of ta b le .
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
$2.53 $71.89
2.63 73.47
2.65 76.61
2.65 75.46
2.66 75.85
2.72 77.20
2. 74 75.25
2.80 77.18
2.80 76. 62
2. 81 77.01
2.83 77.22
2.87 78.01
2.86 78.20
2.86 80. 59
2.90 79.79
39.5
39.5
39.9
39.3
39.3
40.0
39.4
40.2
39.7
39.9
39.6
39.8
39.9
40.7
40.3
$86.11
89.38
89.60
89.65
91.58
95.57
95. 91
94.58
94.76
94.02
95.76
97.11
95.47
95.47
96.17
41.6
41.0
40.0
40.2
40.7
42.1
41.7
41.3
41.2
40.7
41.1
41.5
40.8
40.8
41.1
$2.07 $84.04
2.18 87.33
2.24 87. 60
2.23 87.42
2. 25 89.76
2.27 93.91
2.30 93.63
2.29 91.88
2.30 92. 29
2.31 91.58
2.33 92.43
2.34 94.62
2.34 92.80
2.34 93.02
2.34 93. 71
A n im a l oils and fats
$1.51 $85.35
1.60 88.75
1.70 90.29
1.76 88.17
1.80 86.43
1.85 89.24
1. 88 88.27
1.84 88.71
1.74 90.82
1.66 89. 87
1.64 93. 93
1.70 91.98
1.73 92.02
1.74 91.16
1.79 91.58
45.4
44.6
43.2
42.8
43.0
44.4
43.7
43.7
44.3
43.0
44.1
43.8
43.2
42.4
42.4
Total: Products of
petroleum and coal
41.1
40.9
40.1
40.5
40.5
41.0
41.0
40.4
40.7
40.2
40.6
40.2
40.9
40.3
41.1
41.4
41.0
40.0
40.1
40.8
42.3
41.8
41.2
41.2
40.7
40.9
41.5
40.7
40.8
41.1
$2.03
2.13
2.19
2.18
2.20
2.22
2.24
2. 23
2. 24
2 25
2.26
2.28
2.28
2.28
2.28
Miscellaneous chemi
cals 2
$1.88 $80.38
1.99 84.03
2.09 86.18
2.06 86.22
2. 01 86.40
2.01 87. 45
2.02 85. 54
2.03 86.98
2.05 86.98
2.09 87.64
2.13 89.10
2.10 89. 06
2.13 88.62
2.15 89.42
2.16 90. 98
Products of petroleum and coal
$2.14 $104.39
2.30 108.39
2.38 109.07
2.39 110.97
2. 39 110.16
2, 41 111.93
2.41 113.16
2.43 110.29
2.43 112.33
2. 46 110.15
2.48 112.46
2.47 111.35
2. 49 113. 70
2. 52 114.86
2. 50 117.96
Rubber footwear
$2. 40
2.54
2. 64
2.64
2. 65
2.66
2. 67
2.67
2. 71
2.69
2.70
2. 71
2. 71
2. 75
2. 77
Vegetable oils
40.8
40.4
39.9
40.1
40.0
40.3
39.6
39.9
39.9
40.2
40.5
40.3
40.1
40.1
40.8
$1.97
2.08
2.16
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.16
2.18
2.18
2.18
2.20
2.21
2. 21
2.23
2.23
Rubber products
other petroleum Total: Rubber prod
Petroleum refining Coke,
and coal products
ucts
$2.54 $108.39
2.65 112.88
2. 72 114.09
2.74 115.59
2. 72 113. 65
2.73 115. 75
2. 76 117.26
2.73 113.08
2. 76 116. 00
2. 74 113.48
2. 77 116. 28
2. 77 114.86
2.78 117. 55
2.85 119. 77
2.87 121.29
40.9
40.9
40.6
40.7
40.3
40.9
41.0
40.1
40.7
40.1
40.8
40.3
41.1
40.6
40.7
Rubber products—Continued
Tires and inner tubes
Paints, pigments, and P a in ts, varnishes, lac
quers, and enamels
fillers 2
Soap and glycerin
$2.65
2. 76
2.81
2.84
2. 82
2.83
2. 86
2. 82
2. 85
2.83
2.85
2.85
2.86
2.95
2.98
$91.32
96.00
91.25
94.96
98.23
98.71
99. 46
100. 85
101. 02
98.98
99. 60
99.60
101.71
99.04
107.44
41.7
41.2
38.5
39.9
41.1
41.3
41.1
41.5
40.9
40.4
40.0
40.0
40.2
39.3
42.3
$2.19
2. 33
2.37
3.38
2. 39
2.39
2. 42
2.43
2. 47
2.45
2. 49
2.49
2. 53
2. 52
2. 54
$87.23
91.53
87.02
85.88
87.86
91.10
91.89
96.80
97. 51
97.27
98.09
102. 66
100.28
101. 09
103.32
40.2
40.5
38.0
37.5
38.2
39.1
39.1
40.5
40.8
40.7
40.7
41.9
41.1
41.6
42.0
$2.17
2.26
2.29
2.29
2.30
2.33
2.35
2.39
2.39
2.39
2.41
2. 45
2.44
2.43
2.46
Leather and leather products
Leather and Leather: tanned, cur Industrial leather
Other rubber products Total:
leather products
ried, and finished
belting and packing
$1.82 $78. 96
1.86 82.62
1.92 79.87
1. 92 79.87
1.93 80.29
1.93 83. 77
1.91 82. 92
1.92 86.24
1.93 89. 21
1.93 88.78
1.95 88.54
1.96 92.60
1.96 91.27
1.98 91.96
1.98 92. 38
40.7
40.7
38.4
38.4
38.6
39.7
39.3
40.3
41.3
41.1
40.8
41.9
41.3
41.8
41.8
$1.94 $56.02
2.03 57.60
2.08 56.83
2.08 53.54
2.08 55. 42
2.11 57.46
2.11 57.97
2.14 58.19
2.16 57. 99
2.16 58.46
2.17 59.63
2.21 61.22
2.21 62. 56
2.20 62.08
2.21 60.80
37.6
37.4
36.2
34.1
35.3
36.6
37.4
37.3
36.7
37.0
37.5
38.5
39.1
38.8
38.0
$1.49 $74.24
1.54 76. 64
1.57 75.65
1.57 74.65
1.57 75.82
1. 57 78.98
1.55 76.40
1.56 78.19
1. 58 79.79
1.58 79. 58
1.59 81.19
1. 59 83.03
1.60 81.39
1.60 80. 58
1.60 80.77
39.7
39.3
38.4
37.7
38.1
39.1
38.2
38.9
39.5
39.2
39.8
40.5
39.7
39.5
39.4
$1.87 $73.71
1.95 77.27
1.97 72.58
1.98 69.19
1.99 70. 87
2.02 73. 73
2.00 74.31
2.01 76. 82
2.02 78. 21
2.03 80. 54
2.04 80.16
2.05 79.65
2. 05 78.69
2. 04 76. 76
2.05 79. 65
40.5
41.1
38.4
37.0
37.3
38.2
38.6
39.6
39.5
41.3
40.9
41.7
41.2
40.4
41.7
$1.82
1.88
1.89
1.87
1.90
1.93
1.93
1.94
1.98
1.95
1.96
1.91
1.91
1.90
1.91
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able C -l.
715
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry 1—Con.
Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly.
earn hours
ings
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. Avg.
earn earn wkly.
ings
ings hours
Avg. Avg. Avg.
hrly. wkly. wkly.
earn earn hours
ings
ings
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Manufacturing—Continued
Transportation and
public utilities
Nondurable goods—Continued
Transportation
Year and month
Leather and leather products—Continued
1956: Average_____
1957: Average..........
1958: M arch............
April________
M ay................
June.................
July.................
August______
September___
October___
November___
December___
1959: January_____
F ebruary___
M arch______
Boot and shoe cut
Footwear (except
Handbags and small
Luggage
stock and findings
rubber)
leather goods
$53. 63
37.5 $1.43 $53. 57
37.2 $1.44 $62.88
39.3 $1.60 $51.00
37.5 $1.36
55.42
37.7
1.47 55.13
37.0
1.49 62.43
38.3
1.63 53.68
37.8
1.42
53.70
35.8
1.50 53. 96 35.5
1.52 60.29
36.1
1.67 56.12
38.7
1.45
52.90
34.8
1.52 49. 68 32.9
1. 51 62.33
37.1
1.68 52. 49 36.2
1.45
54. 96 36.4
1.51 51.94
34.4
1.51 63. 25 38.1
1. 66 52.13
36.2
1.44
57.15
38.1
1.50 54.36
1.51 63. 91 38.5
36.0
1.66 53.36
1.45
36.8
56. 85 37.9
1. 50 55. 80 37.2
1.50 66. 08 39.1
1.69 53. 42 37.1
1. 44
55. 35
36.9
1.50 55.57
36.8
1.51 66. 07 39.8
1.66 55. 30 38.4
1.44
54. 45 36.3
1.50 54.93
35.9
1.53 66.57
40.1
1.66 54.96
37.9
1.45
1.50 55. 08 36.0
55.05
36.7
1.53 65.01
39.4
1.65 58. 58 40.4
1.45
57.22
37.4
1.53 56. 21 36.5
1. 54 66.19
39.4
1.68 59.42
40.7
1.46
59. 04 39.1
1.51 58.67
38.1
1.54 66.08
39.1
1. 69 56.30
1.44
39.1
1.52 60.76
58.98
38.8
39.2
1. 55 63. 58 37.4
1. 70 56.02
1.44
38.9
58.52
1.52 60.37
38.5
38.7
1.56 63.92
37.6
1. 70 58.25
1.46
39.9
37.4
56. 47
1.51 58. 97 37.8
1.56 64.22
1.69 55.83
38.0
38.5
1.45
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Transportation—Con.
1956: Average_____
1957: Average_____
1958: March______
April________
M ay_____ ..
June________
July------------August______
September___
October_____
November___
December___
1959: January
February____
March______
Communication
Class I railroads 8
$88. 40
94. 24 !
96. 24
98. 95
100. 12
101.19
103. 28
100. 94
103. 39
103. 52
104.19
107. 35
105. 66
109. 39
41.7
41.7
40. 1
41.4
41.2
41.3
42.5
41.2
42.2
42.6
40.7
42.6
41.6
42.4
$2.12
2.26
2.40
2.39
2. 43
2. 45
2.43
2.45
2. 45
2.43
2.56
2.52
2. 54
2.58
Other public utilities
Local railways and
Switchboard operat
Line construction
Total: Gas and elec
Telephone
Telegraph 8
buslines
ing employees 8
employees i
tric utilities
43.1 $1.96 $73.47
$84.48
39.5 $1.86 $60. 70 37.7 $1. 61 $101. 36 43.5 $2.33 $82. 74
41.2 $2.22
42.0 $1.97 $91.46
88. 56 43.2
2.05 76.05
39.0
1.95 62.70
37.1
1.69 102.48 42.7
2.33
2.40 87.36
41.8
40.9
2.09 95.30
42.6
89.03
2.09 76.36
37.8
2.02 61.25
35.2
1.74 102.18
41.2
2. 48 86.52
2.42
41.2
2.10 97. 77 40.4
90.10
2.11 76. 53
42.7
37.7
2.03 61.42
35.3
1. 74 101.84
40.9
2.49 87.35
2,44
41.4
2.11 99. 55 40.8
90. 30 43.0
2.10 77.11
2. 04 63. 01 35.6
37.8
1. 77 101. 75 40.7
2. 50 89. 04 42.0
2.43
2.12 98. 42 40.5
43.0
91.16
2.12 78.31
38.2
2.05 63.35
36.2
1.75 104. 90 41.3
2. 54 91.34
40.7
2.46
41.9
2.18 100.12
91.38
42.9
2.13 79. 31
38.5
2.06 63.88
36.5
1.75 107. 01
2. 56 91.76
2. 46
41.8
40.7
41.9
2.19 100.12
90. 95 42.9 2.12 79.90 38.6 2.07 64. 77 36.8 1.76 106.91 41.6 2. 57 91. 78 42.1
40.9
2. 47
2.18 101.02
42.4
90.74
2.14 81.12
39.0
37.4
2.08 66.20
1.77 108.10
2. 58 93.63
41.9
2.49
40.9
2.24 101.84
41.8
90.53
2.13 81.51
42.5
39.0
2.09 67. 30 37.6
1.79 107. 84 41.8
2.58 93.41
40.9
41.7
2.51
2.24 102.66
42.6
91.16
2.14 82.97
2.09 69.38
39.7
39.2
42.2
1.77 109.30
2. 59 92.51
2.52
2.24 103. 57 41.1
41.3
92.66
42.9
2.16 81.06
38.6
2.10 64.79
36.4
1.78 109. 72 42.2
2.60 93.18
41.1
2.52
2.24 103.57
41.6
92.44
42.6
2.17 80.81
38.3
2.11 63.90
35.9
1.78 107. 38 41.3
2.60 93.98
2.52
41.4
41.0
2.27 103.32
92. 65 42.5
2.18 82.47
2.12 66. 96 37.2
38.9
1.80 109. 52 41.8
2. 62 93.98
2. 54
40.9
41.4
2.27 103.89
92. 65 42.5
2.18 82. 01
2.13 65.34
38.5
36.3
1.80 108. 62 41.3
2.63 93. 98
41.4
2. 54
40.8
2.27 103.63
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Wholesale and retail trade
Other public utilities—Continued
Electric light and
power utilities
1956: Average_____
1957: Average_____
1958: M arch______
April________
M ay________
June________
Ju ly ................
August............
September___
O cto b er.___
November___
December___
1959: January_____
February____
March___. . .
Gloves and miscella
neous leather goods
$48.47
37.0 $1. 31
49. 59 36.2
1.37
50.40
36.0
1.40
35.7
50. 34
1.41
49. 98
35.7
1. 40
50.04
1.39
36.0
50.26
35.9
1. 40
50.40
1.40
36.0
49.62
35.7
1.39
50.87
36.6
1.39
51.01
36.7
1.39
1.41
51.71
37.2
1.41
51.89
36.8
51.10
36.5
1.40
37.3
51.85
1.39
$93.38
97.06
99.80
100. 45
99. 72
101. 68
101. 68
102. 59
102.66
103.22
103. 73
103. 89
103. 63
104. 70
105.11
41.5
41.3
40.9
41.0
40.7
41.0
41.0
41.2
40.9
40.8
41.0
40.9
40.8
40.9
40.9
Department stores
and general mail
order houses
1956: Average_____ $48. 77
1957: Average_____ 50.26
1958: M arch______
51.10
April..
51. 50
M ay________ 52.15
June________ 53.61
July------------- 53.91
August______ 53.25
September___ 52.65
October_____
52.50
November___ 51.41
December....... 55.13
1959: January
54. 01
February____ 52. 70
M arch______ 52.85
35.6
34.9
35.0
34.8
35.0
35.5
35.7
35.5
35.1
35.0
34.5
37.5
35.3
34.9
35.0
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Gas utilities
$2.25 $86.30
2.35 90.13
2.44 93.15
2.45 92.46
2.45 92. 23
2.48 93.67
2.48 93. 90
2.49 94. 60
2. 51 96.12
2.53 97.41
2.53 98. 71
2. 54 98.06
2.54 98.06
2. 56 97.27
2. 57 97.03
40.9
40.6
40.5
40.2
40.1
40.2
10.3
40.6
40.9
41.1
41.3
41.2
41.2
40.7
40.6
$2.11
2.22
2.30
2.30
2.30
2.33
2.33
2.33
2.35
2.37
2.39
2.38
2.38
2.39
2.39
Food and liquor
stores
$1.37 $63.38
1.44 65.50
1.46 65.87
1.48 66.23
1.49 66. 42
1.51 68.08
1.51 69. 56
1.50 69.38
1.50 68. 44
1.50 68.42
1.49 68. 97
1.47 68.24
1.53 68.43
1.51 69.52
1.51 69.16
37.5
36.8
35.8
35.8
35.9
36.6
37.4
37.3
36.6
36.2
36.3
36.3
36.4
36.4
36.4
Retail trade
Electric light and
gas utilities combined
$93.11
97.10
98.85
103.48
102.97
103.63
103. 38
103.94
105.93
106. 49
107. 01
108.47
107.83
108. 50
107.98
41.2
40.8
39.7
40.9
40.7
40.8
40.7
40.6
40.9
40.8
41.0
41.4
41.0
41.1
40.9
$2.26 $81.20
2.38 84.42
2.49 85.79
2. 53 85.14
2.53 86.40
2.54 87.42
2.54 88. 26
2.56 87.64
2.59 88.66
2.61 87.85
2. 61 88.22
2. 62 88.48
2.63 88.44
2.64 88. 00
2.64 88.84
Automotive and ac
cessories dealers
$1.69 $81.28
1.78 83.22
1.84 81.28
1.85 81.72
1.85 83. 66
1.86 84.10
1.86 84. 53
1.86 84. 73
1.87 83.47
1.89 83.22
1.90 83.90
1.88 85. 36
1.88 87.07
1.91 86.04
1.90 86.48
43.7
43.8
43.7
43.7
43.8
43.8
43.8
43.9
43.7
43.8
43.7
44.0
44.2
43.9
43.9
Wholesale trade
40.4
40.2
39.9
39.6
40.0
40.1
40.3
40.2
40.3
40.3
40.1
40.4
40.2
40.0
40.2
$2.01
2.10
2.15
2.15
2.16
2.18
2.19
2.18
2.20
2.18
2.20
2.19
2.20
2.20
2.21
Apparel and acces
sories stores
$1.86 $47.54
1.90 49.13
1.86 49.19
1.87 50.08
1.91 50. 72
1.92 51.01
1. 93 51.25
1.93 50.69
1.91 50.86
1.90 50.01
1. 92 50.76
1.94 52.98
1.97 52.40
1.96 51.41
1.97 49. 39
34.7
34.6
34.4
34.3
34.6
34.7
35.1
35.2
34.6
34.4
34.3
35.8
34.7
34.5
33.6
$1.37
1.42
1.43
1.46
1.47
1.47
1.46
1.44
1.47
1.48
1.48
1.48
1. 51
1.49
1.47
Retail trade (except General merchandise
eating and drinking
stores
places)
$60.60
38.6 $1. 57 $43.40
35.0 $1.24
62. 48 38.1
1.64 44.85
34.5
1.30
1.33
63.13
1.67 45. 75 34.4
37.8
34.2
1.34
63.50
37.8
1.68 45.83
63.88
34.3
1.35
1.69 46.31
37.8
64.94
38.2
34.8
1.37
1.70 47.68
1.37
66.18
38.7
1. 71 48. 22 35.2
1.35
66.18
1.71 47. 52 35.2
38.7
64.98
38.0
34.5
1. 36
1.71 46.92
64.81
1.36
34.3
37.9
1.71 46.65
64. 47 37.7
1.35
34.0
1.71 45.90
1.33
64.68
38.5
1.68 48. 68 36.6
1.39
66.29
1.74 48.23
34.7
38.1
34.4
1.37
65. 95 37.9
1.74 47.13
34.5
1.37
65. 95 37.9
1.74 47.27
Other retail trade
Furniture and appli Lumber and hard
ance stores
ware supply stores
$69. 30 42.0 $1.65 $72. 68
42.5 $1.71
71.23
42.2
1.77
41.9
1.70 74.69
68.89
41.3
1.80
1.66 74.34
41.5
68. 97 41.8
1.65 75.30
41.6
1.81
1.84
1.69 77. 83 42.3
70.98
42.0
1.82
72.07
42.5
1. 72 77.35
41.9
72. 41
1. 83
1.72 77. 96 42.6
42.1
1.84
73.57
42.9
1. 76 78.94
41.8
72.98
42.8
1.85
1.75 79.18
41.7
1.86
73. 81 41.7
1.77 79.24
42.6
1.85
74.05
1.78 77.70
41.6
42.0
76.38
1.83
41.8
42.2
1.81 76.49
73. 75 41.2
1.79 76. 78 41.5
1.85
72.92
1.85
1.77 76.41
41.3
41.2
73. 51 41.3
1.86
1.78 78.31
42.1
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
716
T able C -l.
Hours and gross earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers, by industry x—Con.
Avg.
Avg.
Avg.
Avg.
wkly.
wkly.
wkly.
wkly.
earnings earnings earnings earnings
Avg.
wkly.
hours
Avg.
Avg.
wkly.
hrly.
earnings earnings
Finance, insurance, and
real estate *
Year and month
Banks
and
trust
com
panies
$61. 97
64.21
65.53
65.60
65. 72
65. 56
65.93
65.80
65.98
66. 24
66. 54
66.48
66. 71
66. 97
67.45
1956: Average....... .
1957: Average____
1958: March_____
April______
M ay............
June_______
July—............
August_____
September ...
October __
November__
December__
1959: January.........
February. .
March_____
Avg.
Avg.
wkly.
hrly.
earnings earnings
Avg.
wkly.
hours
Avg.
Avg.
wkly.
hrly.
earnings earnings
Service and miscellaneous
Personal services
Security
dealers
and ex
changes
Insur
ance
carriers
$97. 56
98.77
95. 65
98. 64
103.60
105.42
106.21
107. 55
108. 04
115. 41
121.46
123. 49
122. 71
124. 46
120. 32
$77. 49
80. 73
82.60
82. 38
82. 59
82. 86
83.00
83.49
83.19
82.97
83.45
84. 36
84. 59
84.95
85.05
Hotels, year-round 18
Cleaning and dyeing plants
Laundries
$42.13
43. 52
44.29
44. 29
44.80
45.31
45.60
44. 91
45.09
45.65
45.49
46. 40
45. 66
46. 28
46.17
$1.03
1.08
1.11
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.12
1.13
1.13
1.14
1.16
1.15
1.16
1.16
40.9
40.3
39.9
39.9
40.0
40.1
40.0
40.1
39.9
40.4
39.9
40.0
39.7
39.9
39.8
$42. 32
43. 27
43. 68
44.30
44.75
45. 37
45. 26
44.80
44. 80
44.92
44. 23
44. 69
45.20
44.85
45.82
40.3
39.7
39.0
39.2
39.6
39.8
39.7
39.3
39.3
39.4
38.8
39.2
39.3
39.0
39.5
$1.05
1.09
1.12
1.13
1.13
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.15
1.15
1.16
$49. 77
50. 57
49. 53
50. 70
52. 40
53. 47
51.07
49. 48
51.34
52. 80
51.86
51.32
51.98
50. 49
51.82
39.5
38.9
38.1
38.7
39.7
39.9
38.4
37.2
38.6
39.4
38.7
38.3
38.5
37.4
38.1
Motion
picture
produc
tion and
distri
bution
$91.66
99. 48
97. 84
95. 43
96.26
96. 55
97.10
97.67
100.62
102.32
101. 44
104.29
101. 29
103.23
104.98
$1.26
1.30
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.34
1.33
1.33
1.33
1. 34
1.34
1.34
1.35
1.35
1.36
8 Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone Industry
as switchboard operators, service assistants, operating-room instructors, and
pay-station attendants. In 1957, such employees made up 39 percent of
the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting
hours and earnings data.
7Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry
as central office craftsmen; installation and exchange repair craftsmen; line,
cable, and conduit craftsmen; and laborers. In 1957, such employees made
up 29 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establish
ments reporting hours and earnings data.
8Data relate to domestic nonsupervisory employees except messengers.
• Average weekly hours and average hourly earnings data are not available.
10Money payments only; additional value of board, room, uniforms, and
tips not included.
1For comparability of data with those published in issues prior to August
1958 and coverage of these series, see footnote 1, table A-2.
In addition, hours and earnings data for anthracite mining have been
revised from January 1953 and are not comparable with those published in
issues prior to August 1958.
For mining, manufacturing, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants
data, refer to production and related workers: for contract construction, to
construction workers; and for the remaining industries, unless otherwise
noted, to nonsupervisory workers and working supervisors.
Data for the latest month are preliminary.
s Italicized titles which follow are components of this industry.
* Averages shown for 1956 are not strictly comparable with those for later
years.
*Data beginning with January 1958 are not strictly comparable with those
shown for earlier years.
*Figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal com
panies) are based upon monthly data summarized in the M-300 report by
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees who
received pay during the month, except executives, officials, and stall assist
ants (ICO Group I).
T able C-2.
Avg.
wkly.
hours
N o t e ; For a description of these series, see Techniques of Preparing
Major BLS Statistical Series, BLS Bull, 1168 (1954).
S o u r c e : U . S . Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics for all
series except that for Class I railroads (see footnote 5).
Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production workers in manufacturing
industries, in current and 1947-49 dollars 1
1959
Item
Annual
average
1958
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
$88.00
71.14
$87.38
70.58
$88.04
71.17
$86.58
69.88
$85.17
68.85
$85.39
69.03
$84.35
68.19
$83. 50 $83.10
67.39 67.18
72.65
58.73
71.69
57.95
71.20
57. 51
72.10
58.29
70.93
57.25
69.80
56. 43
69.97
56.56
69.14
55.89
68. 46
55.25
68.14
55.08
67.29
54.44
66.30
53.68
66.81
54.18
67. 57
56.21
65.86
56. 68
80.18
64.82
79.19
64.02
78.70
63. 57
79.60
64.35
78.41
63.28
77.25
62.45
77.43
62. 59
76.58
61.91
75.88
61.25
75.55
61.08
74.68
60.42
73. 67
59.65
74. 20 74. 97
60.18 62.37
73. 22
63.01
Mar.8
June
May
Apr.
Mar.
1957
1956
M anufacturing
Gross average weekly earnings:
Current dollars__________ $89.24
1947-49 dollars.................... 72.14
Net spendable average weekly
earnings:
Worker with no dependents:
Current dollars________
1947-49 dollars. ... ____
Worker with 3 dependents:
Current dollars________
1947-49 dollars_________
J For comparability of data with those published in issues prior to August
1958, see footnote 1, table A-2.
Net spendable average weekly earnings are obtained by deducting from
gross average weekly earnings, Federal social security and income taxes for
which the worker is liable. The amount of tax liability depends, of course,
on the number of dependents supported by the worker as well as on the level
of his gross income. Net spendable earnings have been computed for 2 types
of income-receivers: (1) a worker with no dependents; (2) a worker with 3
dependents. The primary value of the spendable series is that of measuring
relative changes in disposable earnings for 2 types of income receivers.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
$82.04 $80. 81 $81. 45 $82.39 $79. 99
66.38 65.43 66.06 68. 54 68.84
The computations of net spendable earnings for both the worker with no
dependents and the worker with 3 dependents are based upon the gross aver
age weekly earnings for all production workers in manufacturing without
direct regard to marital status, family composition, or other sources of
income.
Gross and net spendable average weekly earnings expressed in 1947-49
dollars indicate changes in the level of average weekly earnings after adjust
ment for changes in purchasing power as measured by the Bureau's Con
sumer Price Index,
8 Preliminary.
S ource : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able C-3.
717
Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activities 1
[1947-49=100]
1959
Annual
average
1958
Industry
Apr.2 M ar.2 Feb.
Total____________________ ___ _____
Mining____ ___ ___________________
Contract construction................................
Manufacturing_______ ______________
Durable goods.................... .....................
Ordnance and accessories......................
Lumber and wood products (except
furniture).......... ................. ............
Furniture and fixtures______________
Stone, clay, and glass products______
Primary metal Industries___________
Fabricated metal products (except
ordnance, machinery, and transportatlon equipment).....................
Machinery (except electrical)...............
Electrical machinery.............................
Transportation equipment............. .
Instruments and related products____
Miscellaneous manufacturing Industries.............. ...... ............................
Nondurable goods....................................
Food and kindred products_________
Tobacco manufactures______ ____ _
Textile-mill products______________
Apparel and other finished textile
products_____________________
Paper and allied products.....................
Printing, publishing and allied Industries________________________
Chemicals and allied products..............
Products of petroleum and coal______
Rubber products_________________
Leather and leather products_______
Jan.
Dec.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
99.5 97.4 94.4 94.8 96.7 98.5 97.8 99.6 97.3 93.8 93.9 90.9
66.6 65.4 66.0 67.7 69.8 68.4 68.0 68.3 67.4 66.1 68.7 65.1
117.8 103.2 92.0 99.7 105.7 123.8 135.3 136.1 137.9 132.1 128.1 122.7
99.1 98.7 96.6 95.9 97.3 96.9 94.5 96.5 93.5 90.2 90.6 88.1
106.7 105.2 102.1 101.4 102.3 101.2 96.0 98.6 94.0 92.0 93.7 91.3
323.4 329.3 320.2 327.4 330.1 317.6 297.0 305.0 293.5 295.1 300.9 297.9
103.3
105.2
73.1
105.8
100.3
102.1
69.3
105.4
94.5
97.4
70.9
104.2
93.6
93.9
74.5
105.3
96.4
92.4
76.3
105.3
98.6
90.0
80.0
106.4
97.9
86.2
79.8
105.1
101.9
86.3
77.4
100.7
99.3
81.9
109.6
100.0
125.9
126.0
112.6
107.5
99.0
125.7
124.6
112.3
104.9
96.1
124.6
121.0
111.0
105.5
92.9
124.6
123.6
109.7
107.9
91.1
124.9
125.7
110.3
107.2
87.9
124.7
121.5
109.6
102.5
85.6
116.1
99.1
107.9
107.0
86.9
120.0
108.7
106.5
101.3
83.2
113.6
103.2
102.0
96.1
90.1
77.2
65.9
74.1
95.4
90.8
76.1
68.1
73.8
93.7
90.0
75.5
73.0
72.9
91.0
89.4
76.9
76.0
71.7
94.4
91.2
82.2
82.7
73.0
99.3
91.7
86.2
82.7
73.7
100.9
92.6
91.4
92.1
72.9
98.9
94.0
98.1
95.8
71.8
93.6
92.8
97.0
84.1
70.6
88.0
88.0
89.2
68.3
67.5
102.2
111.3
105.3
110.8
105.3
109.6
100.8 101.3
109.5 110.3
100.3
111.4
100.7
112.0
101.2
112.2
101.1
110.3
111.0
111.4
103.0
84.3
106.6
92.8
109.3
101.0
80.2
104.0
95.1
109.0
100.3
83.7
102.8
94.9
109.7
100.3
83.9
100.0
89.5
110.2
100.3
81.6
99.4
85.9
110.0
99.2
85.0
96.2
86.8
108.5
97.2
84.3
92.1
74.4
104.4
104.4
84.4
98.9
87.7
111.5
100.7
82.4
104.3
93.3
1 For comparability of data with those published In issues prior to August
88.8
73.6
91.9
95.6
80.6
Apr.
1957
89.0 105.6
64.5 81.4
109.1 127.3
87.8 104.1
91.6 112.9
303.9 339.4
1956
109.9
83.8
135.0
108.1
117.3
378.8
76.7
92.1
94.9
81.1
70.3
88.7
91.0
77.1
66.2
89.0
88.9
77.2
76.6
103.9
104.5
105.4
88. 1
107.7
109.6
110.6
97.3 98.3
84.3 86.7
109.0 110.6
105. 0 107.7
100.2 101.9
94.6
87.5
109.1
107.1
101.3
94.8
89.9
110.9
108.3
104.0
115.9
111.0
134.0
139.6
117.5
116.6
116.8
138.6
138.5
121.1
90.9
87.0
84.7
69.1
68.0
88.3
84.3
78.7
67.1
65.3
88.6
83.3
75.4
66.1
64.5
101.2
93.7
86.4
80.8
74.7
105.8
97.0
90.6
86.4
80.6
94.1
105.5
92.4
106.4
91.3
104.0
90.5
104.5
102.0
113.9
104.1
106.6
95.7
85.5
86.1
87.2
107.6
97.2
85.8
86.3
84.8
107.3
98.6
84.5
82.7
78.3
108.4
100.0
84.1
83.0
75.3
112.4
106.2
91.1
104.8
90.8
112.7
116.4
108.3
93.8
106.7
93.9
1 Preliminary.
lW
ilO
) 3cc 1U
U
lllUlu X
, lc*Ulc A
For mining and manufacturing, data refer to production and related
workers; for contract construction, to construction workers.
T able C-4.
Nov.
S ource : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls in industrial and construction activities 1
[1947-49=100]
1959
1958
Annual
average
Activity
Apr.2 Mar.2 Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1957
1956
Mining______________________________
105.1
106.2
108.0
109.4
106.8
105.0
105.5
103.6
101.8
106.2
99.0
98.2
124.3
121.6
Contract construction.......... ...... ..................
178.8
160.5
174.7
184.4
212.2
231.4
232.9
232.8
223.1
213.3
205.1
183.2
207.1
207.7
Manufacturing_____________ __________ 166.5
165.1
160.4
158.2
160.4
158.4
152.5
155.7
150.0
144.8
144.9
140.9
139.6
162.7
161.4
>See footnote 1, table 0-3.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
'•Preliminary.
Souses: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
718
T able C-5.
Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding overtime, of production workers in manu
facturing, by major industry group 1
Ex
Ex
Ex
Ex
Ex
Ex
Ex
Ex
Gross cluding Gross cluding Gross cluding Gross cluding Gross cluding Gross cluding Gross cluding Gross cluding
over
over
over
over
over
over
over
over
time 1
time *
time 1
time 1
time 1
time 1
time *
time *
Durable goods
Year and month
Total: Manu
facturing
1956: Average------1957: Average..---1958: March_____
April______
May. _____
June............. .
July.............
August----—
September__
October........
November__
December___
1959: January____
February___
March 3__
$1.98
2.07
2.11
2.11
2.12
2.12
2.13
2.13
2.14
2.14
2.17
2.19
2.19
2. 20
2.22
$1.91
2.01
2.07
2.07
2.07
2.07
2.08
2.07
2.08
2.08
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.13
2.15
Total: Durable Ordnance and
goods
accessories
$2.10
2.20
2.25
2.25
2. 26
2.27
2.28
2. 29
2.30
2.29
2.34
2.36
2.35
2.36
2.38
$2.03
2.14
2.21
2.21
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.23
2.24
2.23
2.26
2.28
2. 29
2. 29
2.31
$2.19
2,34
2.45
2.46
2.46
2.48
2.48
2.48
2.50
2.50
2. 51
2.54
2.53
2. 52
2. 53
$2.12
2.28
2. 39
2.40
2. 41
2.43
2. 42
2.42
2.43
2.44
2. 44
2.48
2.47
2.47
2. 47
Lumber and
wood products
(except furni
ture)
$1.76
1. 81
1.82
1.84
1.88
1.88
1.89
1.91
1.94
1.95
1.93
1.92
1.89
1.88
1.91
$1.69
1.75
1.77
1.79
1.82
1.81
1. 83
1.83
1.86
1.87
1.85
1.86
1.83
1.81
1.84
Furniture and Stone, clay, and Primary metal
Fabricated
industries
fixtures
glass products
metal products
$1.69
1.75
1.77
1.77
1. 77
1. 78
1. 77
1.78
1.80
1.79
1.79
1.80
1.80
1.79
1.81
$1.64
1.70
1.74
1.74
1. 74
1.74
1.73
1.73
1. 73
1.73
1.73
1. 73
1. 74
1.74
1. 75
$1.96
2.05
2.09
2.09
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.13
2.16
2.11
2.14
2.16
2.16
2.17
2.21
$1.88
1.98
2.03
2.03
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.07
2.03
2.06
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.12
Durable goods—Continued
Machinery
(except electrical)
1958: Average.........
1957: Average.........
1958: March........
April______
May_______
June_______
July----------August_____
September—
October.........
November__
December___
1959: January____
February___
March 3___.
$2.21
2.30
2.36
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.38
2.38
2.39
2. 39
2. 43
2.44
2.44
2. 46
2. 47
$2.12
2.23
2.31
2. 32
2.33
2.33
2.33
2.33
2.34
2.34
2.36
2.37
2. 38
2.39
2. 40
Electrical
machinery
$1.98
2.07
2.14
2.14
2.14
2.15
2.15
2.14
2.16
2.15
2.19
2.20
2. 20
2.21
2.21
$1.92
2.02
2.11
2.11
2.12
2.12
2.12
2.10
2.10
2.10
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.15
2.16
Transportation
equipment
$2.31
2.41
2. 47
2. 47
2.49
2. 50
2.53
2. 55
2. 55
2. 55
2.63
2.66
2.62
2.62
2.63
$2.23
2.35
2. 43
2.44
2. 45
2. 46
2. 48
2.48
2.49
2.48
2. 53
2. 54
2. 55
2. 55
2. 55
$2.29
2. 44
2.54
2. 54
2. 55
2. 57
2.64
2. 65
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.68
2. 70
2. 71
2. 73
$2.07
2.18
2.23
2. 24
2.25
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.29
2.28
2.32
2.33
2.32
2.33
2.35
$2.00
2.11
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.21
2.22
2.22
2 22
2.21
2.24
2.26
2.26
2.27
2.28
Nondurable goods
Instruments
and related
products
$2.01
2.11
2.17
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2. 21
2.22
2.21
2. 23
2.24
2.24
2. 25
2.26
$2.36
2.50
2. 57
2.58
2. 58
2.61
2.68
2.70
2.73
2. 74
2. 75
2.75
2. 77
2. 79
2.81
$1.96
2.06
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.18
2.19
2. 20
2.21
Miscellaneous
manufacturing
industries
$1.75
1.81
1.84
1.85
1.84
1.85
1.84
1.84
1. 85
1.85
1.86
1.88
1. 89
1.88
1.89
$1.69
1.76
1.80
1.81
1.81
1.80
1. 80
1.80
1.79
1.79
1. 81
1.82
1.84
1.83
1.84
Total: Nondurable goods
Food and bin- Tobacco manudred products
factures
$1.80
1.88
1.93
1.94
1.94
1.94
1.94
1.93
1.95
1.95
1.96
1.97
1. 98
1.98
1.99
$1.83
1.93
2.01
2.01
2.01
2.01
1.99
1.97
1.99
2.00
2.04
2.06
2. 09
2.09
2.10
$1.75
1.83
1.88
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.88
1.89
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.92
1.93
$1.76
1.86
1.95
1.95
1.95
1.94
1.92
1.89
1.91
1.93
1.96
1.98
2.02
2.02
2.03
$1.44
1.52
1.59
1.65
1.66
1. 67
1. 66
1.59
1.50
1.52
1.60
1.65
1. 64
1.65
1.69
$1.42
1. 50
1.58
1.62
1.63
1.63
1.63
1.55
1.48
1.50
1.58
1.62
1.62
1.63
1.67
Nondurable goods—Continued
Textile-mill
products
1956: Average....... .
1957: Average____
1958: March._____
April______
May_______
June_______
July_______
A ugust.___
September__
October____
November__
December___
1959: January____
February___
March 31___
$1.45
1.50
1.50
1.50
1. 50
1.51
1.50
1.51
1. 51
1. 52
1.52
1.52
1. 53
1. 53
1.57
$1.40
1.46
1.47
1. 47
1.47
1.47
1.47
1.46
1.47
1.47
1.47
1.47
1.48
1.48
1.51
Apparel and
Paper and
Printing, pub- Chemicals and
Products of
other finished allied products lishing, and al- allied products petroleum and
textile products
lied industries *
coal
$1.45
1.49
1.49
1.50
1. 50
1. 50
1.50
1. 52
1.53
1.53
1. 52
1.52
1. 53
1.53
1.53
$1. 43
1.47
1. 47
1.48
1.48
1.48
1. 48
1.49
1.50
1.50
1. 49
1.49
1. 51
1. 50
1.50
$1.94
2.04
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.14
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.17
$1.84
1. 94
2.00
2. 01
2.01
2.02
2.03
2. 03
2.03
2. 03
2. 04
2.05
2. 06
2. 06
2.06
$2.42
2. 50
2.56
2. 55
2. 58
2. 59
2. 59
2. 60
2.62
2. 63
2.62
2.65
2. 63
2.65
2.67
1 For comparability of data with those published in issues prior to August
1958, see footnote 1, table A-2.
1 Derived by assuming that the overtime hours shown in table 0-6 are paid
for at the rate of time and one-half.
* Preliminary.
4Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, are not available separately
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
$2.11
2.22
2.27
2.27
2. 29
2.31
2. 33
2.34
2. 34
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.36
2. 37
2. 36
$2.05
2.16
2.22
2.22
2.24
2.26
2.28
2. 28
2.28
2.27
2.29
2.30
2 30
2. 30
2. 30
$2. 54
2.65
2. 72
2.74
2. 72
2.73
2. 76
2.73
2. 76
2. 74
2.77
2. 77
2 78
2.85
2.87
$2.47
2. 59
2.68
2.69
2.67
2.68
2. 70
2. 67
2.70
2.69
2.72
2.72
2. 73
2.81
2.81
Rubber products
Leather and
leather products
$2.17
2.26
2. 29
2.29
2 30
2.33
2.35
2.39
2.39
2 39
2. 41
2.45
2 44
2 43
2. 46
$1.49
1 54
1.57
1.57
1. 57
1. 57
1. 55
1. 56
1.58
1 58
1. 59
1.59
1 60
1. 60
1.60
$2.09
2.18
2. 25
2.25
2 25
2.26
2.28
2.30
2 31
2.31
2. 33
2.34
2 35
2 33
2.35
$1.47
1.52
1 55
1 56
1 55
1 55
1. 53
1 54
1.56
1 55
1. 56
1.56
1 56
1 57
1.57
for the printing, publishing, and allied industries group, as graduated over
time rates are found to an extent likely to make average overtime pay signif
icantly above time and one-half. Inclusion of data for the industry in the
nondurable-goods total has little effect.
S ource : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able C-6.
Gross average weekly hours and average overtime hours of production workers in manu
facturing, by major industry group 1
Gross
Year and month
1956: Average....... 1957: Average____
1958: March__ . ..
April______
M ay.. .........
June......... .
July...............
August_____
September__
October........
November__
December___
1959: January____
February___
March 3____
719
Over Gross
time 3
Over Gross
time 3
Over Gross
time 3
Over Gross
time 3
Over Gross
time 3
Over Gross
time 3
Over
time
Durable goods
Total manufacturing
40.4
39.8
38.6
38.3
38.7
39.2
39.2
39.6
39.9
39.8
39.9
40.2
39.9
40.0
40.2
2.8
2.4
1.6
1.5
1.7
1.9
1.9
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.3
2.4
2.5
Total: Durable
goods
41.1
40.3
39.0
38.8
39.1
39.6
39.4
39.8
40.2
40.1
40.3
40.8
40.4
40.3
40.8
3.0
2.4
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.7
1.8
2.1
2.3
2.4
2.6
2.7
2.3
2.4
2.5
Ordnance and
accessories
41.8
40.8
40.7
40.7
40.6
40.7
40.7
40.6
41.2
41.2
41.1
41.9
41.5
41.1
41.4
2.9
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.8
1.6
1.9
2.1
2.4
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.1
1.8
2.0
Lumber and
wood products
(except fumiture)
40.3
39.8
38.9
38.8
39.6
40.5
39.3
40.7
41.3
41.1
40.2
40.3
39.6
39.5
40.6
3.3
2.8
2.4
2.2
2.6
2.9
2.7
3.5
3.7
3.6
3.4
3.0
2.9
3.0
3.4
Furniture and Stone, clay, and Primary metal
Fabricated
fixtures
glass products
industries
metal products
40.8
40.0
38.6
38.0
37.8
38.8
38.9
40.5
41.0
41.0
40.8
41.2
40.3
40.4
40.5
2.8
2.3
1.5
1.3
1.3
1.7
1.9
2.6
3.0
3.0
2.7
3.1
2.6
2.5
2.5
41.1
40.5
39.1
39.0
39.7
40.3
40.0
40.8
41.1
41.0
40.9
40.4
40.2
40.4
41.0
3.6
3.1
2.2
2.2
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.0
2.8
2.9
3.3
Durable goods—Continued
1956: Average____
1957: Average____
1958: March...........
April______
M ay.. ____
June_______
July...............
August_____
September__
October____
November__
December___
1959: January....... .
February___
March 3____
Over Gross
time 3
Machinery
(except electrical)
Electrical
machinery
42.2
41.0
39.5
39.3
39.4
39.6
39.4
39.4
40.0
39.5
39.9
40.6
40.7
40.3
41.3
40.8
40.1
39.1
39.0
39.1
39.6
39.3
39.7
40.4
39.9
40.6
40.6
40.4
40.2
40.3
3.7
2.6
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.8
1.8
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.6
1.9
1.0
.9
1.0
1.2
1.3
1.6
2.2
2.0
2.2
2.3
2.0
2.1
2.0
Transportation
equipment
40.9
40.4
39.4
39.3
39.7
39.8
39.6
40.0
39.6
40.0
40.6
41.7
40.7
40.3
40.7
2.9
2.4
1.3
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.5
2.1
2.0
2.5
3.3
3.8
2.2
2.3
2.5
2.8
2.0
.9
1.0
.9
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.7
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.1
2.3
2.5
41.2
38.9
39.2
38.9
39.4
40.0
40.0
40.4
41.0
40.8
40.8
41.2
40.5
40.4
40.7
3.0
2.8
1.6
1.5
1.7
2.0
2.0
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.6
2.8
2.2
2.3
2.5
Nondurable goods
Instruments
and related
products
40.8
40.3
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.8
39.7
39.8
40.3
40.4
40.7
40.9
40.7
40.5
40.4
40.9
39.5
37.1
36.9
37.3
38.3
38.4
38.5
39.1
38.9
39.3
39.8
40.0
40.4
40.9
2.3
2.0
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.4
1.3
1.5
1.8
1.8
2.0
2.1
1.9
1.9
1.9
Miscellaneous
manufacturing
industries
40.3
39.9
39.2
39.0
39.1
39.5
39.2
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.4
40.1
40.1
40.0
2.6
2.3
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.9
1.7
2.1
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.4
2.3
2.4
Total: Nondurable goods
39.5
39.1
38.1
37.7
38.1
38.7
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.4
39.4
39.6
39.3
39.4
39.5
2.5
2.4
1.9
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.4
2.4
2.6
Food and kin- Tobacco manudred products
factures
41.0
40.6
39.6
39.7
40.2
40.7
41.2
41.4
41.6
40.9
41.0
41.0
40.5
40.0
40.2
3.3
3.1
2.5
2.5
2.8
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.5
3.2
3.4
3.2
3.0
2.9
2.8
38.9
38.6
37.1
38.0
38.7
39.7
39.6
39.6
40.1
39.6
39.2
40.1
38.8
38.5
38.1
1.1
1.2
.8
1.3
1.6
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.3
1.0
1.3
1.9
.9
.7
.9
Nondurable goods—Continued
Textile-mill
products
1956- Average____
1957: Average____
1958: March_____
April______
May. ____
3une_______
July...............
August_____
September__
October____
November__
December___
1959: January____
February___
March 3____
39.6
38.9
37.6
36.6
37.3
38.4
38.6
39.2
39.7
40.1
40.3
40.2
39.8
40.3
40.4
2.6
2.2
1.7
1.4
1.5
1.9
2.0
2.3
2.5
2.8
3.0
2.9
2.6
2.9
3.0
Apparel and
Printing, pub
other finished Paper and allied lishing, and al Chemicals and
textile products
products
lied industries allied products
36.3
36.0
34.7
34.5
34.8
35.0
35.6
36.4
36.1
36.0
35.8
36.1
36.0
36.7
36.4
1.2
1.1
.9
.8
.8
.8
1.0
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.4
1.4
42.8
42.3
41.4
41.0
41.0
41.8
41.9
42.5
42.7
42.7
42.5
42.4
42.4
42.4
42.7
4.6
4.3
3.5
3.2
3.4
3.8
3.9
4.4
4.5
4.5
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.4
4.5
38.8
38.5
37.9
37.7
37.6
37.6
37.6
37.9
38.0
37.9
37.9
38.4
38.0
37.9
38.3
1For comparability of data with those published in Issues prior to August
1958, see footnote 1, table A-2.
* Covers premium overtime hours of production and related workers during
the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Overtime hours are
those for which premiums were paid because the hours were in excess of the
number of hours of either the straight-time workday or workweek. Weekend
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
3.2
3.0
2.5
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.5
2.9
2.4
2.4
2.9
41.3
41.2
40.7
40.7
40.8
41.1
40.8
40.7
41.0
41.0
41.2
41.4
41.1
41.2
41.2
2.3
2.2
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.3
Products of
petroleum and
coal
41.1
40.9
40.1
40.5
40.5
41.0
41.0
40.4
40.7
40.2
40.6
40.2
40.9
40.3
41.1
2.0
1.9
1.2
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.9
1.7
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.4
1.7
1.3
1.9
Rubber prod
ucts
40.2
40.5
38.0
37.5
38.2
39.1
39.1
40.5
40.8
40.7
40.7
41.9
41.1
41.6
42.0
2.8
2.8
1.3
1.2
1.5
2.4
2.2
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.8
3.8
3.2
3.7
4.0
Leather and
leather prod
ucts
37.6
37.4
36.2
34.1
35.3
36.6
37.4
37.3
36.7
37.0
37.5
38.5
39.1
38.8
38.0
1.4
1.3
1.0
.6
.8
.9
1.0
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.4
1.6
2.0
1.8
1.5
and holiday hours are included only if premium wage rates were paid. Hours
for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of
premiums were paid are excluded. These data are not available prior to 1956.
*Preliminary.
S otjbce: U . 8. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
720______________ ____________________________________
T able
C-7.
Year and month
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 195&
Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by State and
selected areas1
Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.
Avg. Avg.
Avg. Avg.
Avg. Avg.
Avg.
wkly. wkly.
hrly. wkly.
hrly. wkly. Avg. hrly. wkly. Avg. hrly. wkly. Avg. hrly. wkly. Avg. hrly.
earn hours earn earn wkly. earn earn wkly. earn earn wkly. earn earn wkly. earn earn wkly. earn
ings
ings ings hours ings ings hours ings ings hours ings ings hours ings ings hours ings
Alabama
State
1958: January____ $67. 69
February____ 65. 87
March______ 67.12
April_____
66.78
May_______ 67.68
June_______
70. 43
July------------ 70. 27
August_____
71.53
September___ 72.62
October....... .
72. 28
November___ 72. 65
December___ 74.37
1959: January_____ 73.28
February____ 73. 66
March____ _ 75. 03
Arizona
Birmingham
37.4 $1.81
36.8 1. 79
37.5 1. 79
37.1
1.80
37.6 1.80
38.7 1.82
38.4 1.83
39.3 1.82
39.9 1.82
39.5 1.83
39.7 1.83
40.2 1.85
39.4 1.86
39.6 1.86
39.7 1.89
$92.12
88. 39
89. 77
90. 00
89.08
94.19
93. 46
94. 54
94.40
92. 73
93.37
95. 27
95.35
96. 07
97. 76
39.2 $2.35
38.6 2.29
39.2 2. 29
39.3 2. 29
38.9 2. 29
40.6 2. 32
39.6 2.36
40.4 2. 34
40.0 2. 36
39.8 2. 33
39.9 2. 34
40.2 2. 37
39.4 2.42
39.7 2.42
39.9 2. 45
Mobile
$79. 97
77. 44
79.59
78. 66
79. 93
81.87
81.24
82. 74
85.01
84. 77
84. 77
83. 89
84. 96
85. 97
86. 62
State
37.9 $2.11
36.7 2.11
37.9 2.10
38.0 2. 07
38.8 2.06
38.8 2.11
38.5 2.11
39.4 2.10
40.1 2.12
39.8 2.13
39.8 2.13
39.2 2.14
39.7 2.14
39.8 2.16
40.1 2.16
$90. 94
89.82
90. 45
89. 55
92. 62
92.11
93. 20
93. 77
94.00
96.17
95. 41
97. 47
97. 75
96. 63
97.41
Arkansas—Con.
39.5
39.4
38.7
39.7
39.9
40.2
39.9
40.2
40.3
41.3
40.8
39.8
40.1
39.6
40.2
$1.45
1.44
1.44
1.46
1.47
1.46
1.44
1.47
1.46
1.48
1.49
1.49
1.51
1.49
1.50
Phoenix
$2. 24
2. 24
2.25
2.25
2. 27
2.28
2. 33
2. 35
2. 35
2. 34
2. 35
2. 36
2. 39
2. 38
2.37
$90. 94
90. 45
90. 85
90. 05
93.07
93. 66
94. 00
96.15
95.44
96.29
96. 39
97.10
98. 71
96. 87
98.18
40.6
40.2
40.2
40.2
41.0
40.9
40.0
40.4
40.1
40.8
40.5
40.8
41.3
40.7
41.6
State
$93. 60
94.08
94. 08
93.36
95. 59
97. 76
97. 76
98. 90
99.47
99.14
99. 70
101. 75
100.00
99. 75
101.15
39.0
39.2
39.2
38.9
39.5
39.9
39.9
40.7
40.6
40.3
40.2
40.7
40.0
39.9
40.3
Los Angeles-Long
Beach
Fresno
1958: January_____
February____
March______
April______
May_______
June... ____
July________
August_____
September___
October_____
November___
December__
1959: January_____
February____
March______
$98. 71
98.23
100.91
99.70
102. 34
107. 78
108. 52
109.91
108. 00
108.05
104.09
105.22
104. 60
102. 77
104.19
$2.24
2.25
2. 26
2. 24
2. 27
2. 29
2. 35
2. 38
2. 38
2. 36
2. 38
2. 38
2. 39
2.38
2.36
$2. 40
2. 40
2. 40
2.40
2. 42
2. 45
2. 45
2. 43
2. 45
2. 46
2.48
2. 50
2.50
2.50
2. 51
$74.34
77. 47
75.17
77. 40
78. 84
77. 90
80. 89
83. 35
83. 03
85. 72
87.24
78. 84
79. 92
81.68
84.45
34.9
36.2
34.8
36.0
36.5
36.4
37.8
39.5
38.8
39.5
38.6
36.5
36.0
36.3
37.7
$2.13
2.14
2.16
2.15
2.16
2.14
2.14
2.11
2. 14
2. 17
2. 26
2. 16
2.22
2.25
2. 24
$94. 01
94. 25
94.49
93. 30
95.68
97.20
97. 20
98.33
98. 74
98.58
99. 23
101.27
100. 69
99. 79
100. 28
Sacramento
39.5 $2.38 $104. 75
39.6 2. 38 105. 42
39.7 2.38 101. 66
39.2 2. 38 103. 07
39.7 2. 41 98.42
40.0 2. 43 102. 36
40.0 2.43 106. 34
40.3 2. 44 102. 84
40.3 2. 45 118. 91
40.4 2. 44 103. 02
40.5 2. 45 108. 39
41.0 2. 47 112. 41
40.6 2.48 111.24
40. 4 2. 47 108. 40
40.6 2. 47 105. 99
41.9
42.0
40.5
41.9
40.5
40.3
40.9
41.3
47.0
40.4
40.9
42.1
41.2
40.6
40.3
California—Continued
San Diego
State
$58. 26
58.26
57. 66
57.62
56. 50
58. 61
59. 54
60. 94
60. 90
61.80
61.31
59.95
60. 65
60. 50
61.26
39.1
39.1
38.7
39.2
38.7
39.6
40.5
40.9
40.6
41.2
40.6
39.7
39.9
39.8
40.3
$1.49
1.49
1.49
1.47
1.46
1.48
1.47
1.49
1.50
1.50
1.51
1.51
1.52
1.52
1.52
California
Little Rock-North
Little Rock
1958: January____ $57. 28
February____ 56. 74
March. ____ 55. 73
A pril,._____ 57. 96
May_______ 58. 65
Jun e______
58. 69
July.. ------ 57. 46
August ... ... 59.09
September___ 58.84
October_____ 61.12
November__
60. 79
December___ 59.30
1959: January_____ 60. 55
February____ 59. 00
March___ _
60. 30
40.6
40.1
40.2
39.8
40.8
40.4
40.0
39.9
40.0
41.1
40.6
41.3
40.9
40.6
41.1
Arkansas
San FranciscoOakland
41.3 $2.39 $95.88
41.1 2.39 95. 38
41.7 2. 42 96.90
41.2 2.42 96. 52
41.1 2.49 97.91
42.1 2.56 99.06
41.9 2.59 101.91
42.6 2. 58 103. 53
41.7 2. 59 101. 77
41.4 2. 61 102.31
40.5 2. 57 103.49
41.1 2.56 104.41
40.7 2. 57 103.35
40.3 2. 55 103.09
40.7 2. 56 104. 66
37.8
38.9
38.5
38.4
39.9
40.5
40.4
44.0
42.8
39.8
41.2
41.3
41.2
39.8
41.8
$2. 50
2. 51
2. 51
2. 46
2.43
2. 54
2.60
2. 49
2. 53
2. 55
2. 65
2. 67
2. 70
2. 67
2.63
$95. 20
98. 58
95. 04
95. 83
96. 40
100.12
101. 59
103. 91
102.06
105. 08
102. 91
102. 06
101.20
101. 85
101. 96
39.5 $2.41
40.4 2.44
39.6 2.40
39.6 2.42
40.0 2. 41
40.7 2. 46
40.8 2. 49
41.4 2. 51
40.5 2.52
41.7 2.52
41.0 2. 51
40.5 2.52
40.0 2.53
40.1 2.54
40.3 2.53
Colorado
Stockton
San Jose
38.2 $2. 51 $90. 72
38.0 2. 51 92.97
38.3 2. 53 92.79
38.0 2. 54 92. 54
38.7 2. 53 96. 56
39.0 2. 54 99.23
39.5 2.58 94.94
40.6 2. 55 97.68
39.6 2. 57 97.16
39.5 2.59 95.13
39.2 2.64 108.36
39.4 2.65 104.49
39.0 2.65 105. 47
38.9 2.65 101.09
39.2 2. 67 106.17
San BernardinoRiverside-Ontario
$2.40
2. 39
2. 41
2. 41
2.42
2.45
2. 35
2.22
2. 27
2.39
2.63
2. 53
2. 56
2. 54
2. 54
$85.65
86.79
88.09
87.01
86.18
88.37
88.17
91.16
97.02
91.94
93.13
94.07
94.96
96.32
94.25
37.4
37.9
38.3
38.5
38.3
39.1
38.5
42.8
43.9
41.6
39.8
40.2
39.9
40.3
39.6
State
$2.29
2.29
2.30
2.26
2.25
2.26
2.29
2.13
2.21
2.21
2. 34
2. 34
2.38
2.39
2.38
$86.98
85.63
87.69
87.52
89.82
90. 72
91.35
91.65
92.43
90. 40
94. 21
94.85
94.02
95. 71
96.82
39.9 $2.18
39.1 2.19
39.5 2.22
39.6 2.21
40.1 2.24
40.5 2.24
40.6 2. 25
41.1 2.23
40.9 2.26
40.0 2.26
41.5 2.27
41.6 2.28
40.7 2.31
40.9 2.34
41.2 2. 35
Denver
$86.94
86.29
86.90
88.62
90.27
90.23
90.23
91.84
93.43
93.02
94.76
95.63
94. 53
93.89
94. 71
39.7
39.4
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.1
40.1
41.0
40.8
40.8
41.2
41.4
41.1
41.0
41.0
$2.19
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.24
2.25
2.25
2.24
2.29
2.28
2.30
2.31
2.30
2.29
2.31
Connecticut
State
1958: January......... $83.28
February____ 82.86
March............ 83.25
April........ ...... 83.03
May_______ 83.42
June_______
84.50
July________ 84. 71
August_____ 85.93
87.23
September__
October_____ 88.48
November___ 89.98
December___ 90.8C
1959: January_____ 90.13
February____ 90. 58
March............ 90.32
39.1 $2.13
38.9 2.13
38.9 2.14
38.8 2.14
38.8 2.15
39.3 2.15
39.4 2.17
39.6 2.17
40.2 2.17
40.4 2.19
40.9 2.2C
40.9 2.22
40.6 2.22
40.8 2.22
40.5 2.23
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Bridgeport
$86.24
85.58
87.42
87.02
87. 86
87.86
90.23
88.88
91.71
92.34
94.07
94.94
94.42
95.24
93.67
39.2
38.9
39.2
39.2
39.4
39.4
40.1
39.5
40.4
40.5
40.S
41.1
40.7
40.7
40.2
Hartford
$2.20
2.20
2.23
2. 22
2.23
2.23
2.25
2.25
2. 27
2.28
2.3C
2.31
2. 32
2. 34
2. 33
$85.03
85. 57
78.14
86. 52
86.52
88.26
88.70
87.42
88.88
90.85
91.25
92.23
92.92
93.79
92. 63
38.3 $2.22
38.2 2.24
35.2 2.22
38.8 2. 23
38.8 2. 23
39.4 2. 24
39.6 2.24
39.2 2.23
39.5 2.25
40.2 2.26
40.2 2.27
40.1 2.3C
40.4 2.3C
40.6 2. 31
40.1 2.31
New Britain
$79.72
79. 07
80.01
79.42
79.42
80.85
80.64
81.30
82.95
83.16
84.40
86.48
85.84
86.24
90.61
38.7 $2.06
38.2 2.07
38.1 2.10
38.0 2.09
38.0 2.09
38.5 2.10
38.4 2.10
38.9 2.09
39.5 2.10
39.6 2.10
40.0 2.11
40.6 2.13
40.3 2.13
40.3 2.14
41.0 2. 21
New Haven
$80.34
79.52
80.13
80.05
79.63
81.48
82.29
82.32
83. 32
84.56
86.00
87.26
87. 48
86.18
86.37
39.0 $2.06
38.6 2.06
38.9 2.06
38.3 2.09
38.1 2.09
38.8 2.10
39.0 2.11
39.2 2.10
39.3 2.12
39.7 2.13
40.0 2.15
40.4 2.16
40.5 2.16
39.9 2.16
39.8 2.17
Stamford
$90.27
90. 50
89.33
90.80
89.10
90. 40
90.85
91.08
92.66
92.84
93.66
96.83
95.22
96.74
99.64
40.3 $2.24
40.4 2.24
39.7 2.25
40.0 2.27
39.6 2.25
40.0 2.26
40.2 2.26
40.3 2.26
41.0 2.26
40.9 2.27
40.9 2.29
42.1 2.30
41.4 2.30
41.7 2.32
42.4 2.35
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T
able
C-7.
Year and month
721
Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by State and
selected areas 1—Continued
Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.
Avg.
wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly.
hrly. wkly.
hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly.
earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn wkly.
hours earn earn hours earn
ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings
Connecticut—Con.
Delaware
Waterbury
1958: January_____
February____
March_____
April_____
May____
June___..
July-----------August____ _
September___
October_____
November___
December___
1959: January____
February. .
March______
$84. 24
84.41
84. 24
83. ie
82. 7$
85. 67
85.19
84.44
89. 32
91.69
94.28
94. 28
92.74
94.92
95. 30
State
39.
$2.16
38.9
2.17
39. C 2.16
38.
2.16
38.5
2.15
39.3 2.18
38.9 2.19
40.2 2.20
40.6 2.20
41.3 2. 22
41.9 2. 25
41.9 2. 25
41.4 2. 24
42.0 2. 26
41.8 2. 28
$83.16
81.32
82.99
82.47
82.32
82. 56
82.29
83.63
84. 71
85.81
86.85
86.19
86. 90
88. 00
95.63
District of Columbia
Wilmington
38.5 $2.16 $92. 25
38. C 2.14 89.82
38.
2.15 92.25
38.9 2.12 91. 63
39.2 2.10 92.97
39.5 2.09 94.80
39.0 2.11 94.04
40.4 2.07 95.65
39.4 2.15 94.67
40.1 2.14 97.66
39.3 2. 21 97.64
39.0 2. 21 96.11
39.5 2.20 98. 75
40.0 2.20 100.19
41.4 2.31 106.91
38.6
37.9
38.6
38.5
38.9
39.5
38.7
39.2
38.8
39.7
38.9
38.6
39.5
40.4
41.6
$2.39
2. 37
2.39
2. 38
2. 39
2.40
2. 43
2.44
2. 44
2.46
2.51
2. 49
2.50
2.48
2. 57
Washington
$89.4
88.17
90.591. 3C
93.32
94.02
92.46
94. 71
95.24
94. 77
94.80
96.15
93. 05
94. 95
97.36
Florida—Continued
Miami
1958: January_____ $66. 97
February____ 65. 57
March______ 64.41
April_______ 65.46
May______
65.02
June_______
65. 57
July------------ 66.81
August_____
66.64
September___ 68.11
October___
69. 32
November___ 70.93
December___ 70.64
1959: January_____ 71.46
February____ 72. 57
March____ _ 71.68
$1.67
1. 66
1.66
1.67
1. 68
1.69
1.70
1.70
1. 72
1.72
1. 73
1.74
1. 76
1. 77
1.77
$66. 80
64. 96
65.30
64.91
65.80
68. 38
66.47
67.49
69.19
68.38
68.71
68.71
70. 30
71.15
70. 45
39.4
38.5
39.7
40.3
40.4
40.7
40.2
40.3
40.7
40.5
40.0
40.4
39.1
39.4
40.4
State
$2. 22. 26
2. 23
2. 2C
2.31
2.31
2.30
2.35
2.34
2.34
2. 37
2. 38
2.38
2.41
2.41
$67. 56
66. 3C
66.4C
66.86
67. 37
69. 08
68. 23
68. 97
70. 24
70. 24
71.04
70. 62
71.48
71.82
70.35
40.0
38.9
39.1
39.1
39.4
40.7
39.1
39.7
40.7
40.7
40.9
40.9
41.6
42.1
41.2
State
$1.67
1.67
1.67
1. 66
1. 67
1. 68
1.70
1. 70
1. 70
1.68
1. 68
1.68
1.69
1.69
1. 71
$59.14
57. 99
57.68
56.92
56. 55
59.83
60. 61
62.09
62. 00
62. 06
63.90
64.62
62.80
63.20
64. 88
38.4
37.9
37.7
37.2
37.7
38.6
39.1
39.8
40.0
40.3
40.7
40.9
40.0
40.0
40.3
Atlanta
Chicago
$1.54
1.53
1.53
1.53
1. 50
1.55
1. 55
1. 56
1. 55
1. 54
1. 57
1.58
1. 57
1.58
1. 61
$73. 88
72.74
72.74
72.18
68. 92
77.39
79.17
80.19
75. 27
75.79
81. 58
83. 82
79. 59
79.19
81.79
39.3
38.9
38.9
38.6
38.5
40.1
40.6
40.5
39.0
40.1
41.2
41.7
40.4
40.2
41.1
$1.88
1. 87
1. 87
1.87
1. 79
1.93
1.95
1.98
1. 93
1. 89
1. 98
2. 01
1.97
1. 97
1.99
$79.15
76. 62
76. 62
77. 78
79. 93
82. 54
80. 57
84. 23
84. 84
83.01
85. 06
85.02
84.15
83.43
83. 58
Peoria
Rockford
$89.03
87.77
88.37
87.57
89.29
91.33
91.46
93.11
95.59
94.20
95. 91
100.06
99.12
101. 27
103. 05
Iowa—Continued
See footnotes a t
39.0
38.5
38.4
38.5
38.1
39.1
38.7
38.8
38.6
38.9
38.6
38.6
39.5
39.4
40.0
end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
$2.29
2.29
2.29
2.31
2.29
2.29
2.36
2.32
2.39
2.36
2.39
2. 38
2.47
2.45
2.48
40.8
39.7
39.7
40.3
41.2
41.9
40.9
41.7
42.0
41.3
41.9
42.3
42.5
41.3
42.0
State
$90.30
88.32
89. 36
89.10
89.07
89.64
89.92
90. 67
93.92
92.77
96.76
95. 39
93.92
92.95
94.01
41.2
40.6
40.8
41.0
41.1
41.5
41.2
41.3
41.6
41.4
42.0
41.8
41.1
40.8
41.0
$82. 73
82.35
79. 71
82. 95
84.19
91.14
84.41
97.50
93.88
96.54
99.19
398. 62
102 20
102. 56
105. 50
39.0
39.2
38.2
39.6
40.6
41.8
40.0
42.9
41.5
42.2
42.8
342.7
42.9
42.7
43.5
$1.80
1.80 $
1.81
1.84
1.84
1.85 $
1.82
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.90
State
$1.94
1.93
1.93
1.93
1.94
1. 97
1.97
2.02
2.02
2. 01
2. 03
2.01
1.98
2.02
1.99
$85.90
78. 56
83. 21
80.60
82. 21
88.83
85.86
89.42
89.02
89. 25
84.35
86.90
87. 94
84.80
86. 50
41.1
38.7
41.4
40.3
40.7
41.9
40.5
43.2
41.6
41.9
39.6
40.8
40.9
40.0
40.8
Iowa
State
State
38.7
38.3
38.5
38.1
38.8
39.4
39.1
39.7
40.6
39.9
40.0
41.0
40.5
41.0
41.4
$2.30
2.29
2.30
2. 30
2.30
2.32
2.34
2. 35
2. 35
2.36
2. 40
2. 44
2. 45
2.47
2. 49
$81. 22
83. 90
84.00
83.54
86.09
85.99
87.80
86.31
89.83
89. 55
90.09
90. 51
90.80
91.13
93.58
38.8
39.6
39.5
39.2
39.9
39.9
40.2
40.2
40.7
40.7
40.7
40.6
40.1
40.4
41.0
$2.09
2. 03
2. 01
2.00
2.02
2.12
2.12
2.07
2.14
2.13
2.13
2.13
2.15
2.12
2.12
$2.10
2.12
2.13
2.13
2.16
2.15
2.18
2.15
2.21
2.20
2.21
2.23
2.27
2.26
2.28
Kentucky
Topeka
$2.19
2.18
2.19
2.18
2.17
2.16
2.18
2.20
2.26
2.24
2.30
2.28
2.28
2.28
2.29
38.
38.
38.6
37.7
39.6
39.
38.8
39.
39.
39.9
39.9
40.9
39.7
40.1
40.7
Indiana
Kansas
Des MoinBS
$68. 94
69.84
69.8"
69. 3
71.76
73.63
70. 62
72.34
73.08
73.82
73.82
76.07
74. 24
75. 39
77. 33
Savannah
1958: January_____
February____
March______
April_______
May_______
June_______
July________
August___ _
September___
October_____
November. __
December___
1959: January... .
February____
March______
1958:fJanuary
$89. 43
February...... . 88.17
March..........
87.82
April____ _
88.85
May_______
87.42
June_______
89.59
July................ 91.22
August_____ 89.80
September___ 92. 43
October_____ 91.87
November___ 91.99
December___ 91.90
1959:’Januarv
97.24
96.72
February
March______ 99.10
40./ $1.66
40.
1.6
40.
1. 66
39.
1.6$
40.1
1.6$
40.4
1.71
39. S 1.71
40.
1. 72
40.6
1.73
40.6
1.73
41.3
1.72
41.3
1. 71
41.8
1.71
42.0
1. 71
40.9
1.72
Idaho
Illinois 2
State
Jacksonville
Georgia
Tampa-St.
Petersburg
40.1
39.5
38.8
39.2
38.7
38.8
39.3
39.2
39.6
40.3
41.0
40.6
40.6
41.0
40.5
Florida
Wichita
$2.12 $94.91
2.10 92.87
2.08 94.96
2.09 92. 47
2.07 94. 48
2.18 94.19
2.11 95.24
2.27 94.64
2.26 99.51
2.29 99. 41
2.32 100.08
32.31 99. 51
2.38 97.82
2.40 97.64
2.42 98.17
41.8
41.1
41.6
41.0
41.5
41.6
41.6
41.0
41.2
41.0
40.9
41.0
40.5
40.6
40.5
State
$2.27
2.26
2.28
2. 26
2.27
2.26
2.29
2.31
2.42
2.43
2.45
2.42
2.41
2.41
2.42
$77.01
75. 66
75.47
76.63
77.22
80.00
78. 61
79.79
81.00
82.82
82.21
81.39
80.80
81.81
81.40
39.9
39.0
38.7
38.9
39.0
40.2
39.7
40.5
40.5
41.0
40.3
40.9
40.4
40.3
39.9
Louisville
$1.93 $89.38
1.94 86.14
1.95 86.87
1.97 87.63
1.98 89.11
1.99 92.43
1.98 89.84
1.97 91.49
2.00 92.74
2.02 94.99
2.04 92.58
1.99 94.09
2.00 92.64
2.03 94.07
2.04 92.29
40.7
39.2
39.6
39.8
40.2
41.3
40.6
41.0
41.3
41.7
40.8
41.8
41.3
40.6
40.2
$2.20
2.20
2.20
2.20
2.22
2.24
2.21
2.23
2.25
2.28
2.27
2.25
2.24
2.32
2.30
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
722
T able
C-7.
Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by State and
selected areas1-—Continued
Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly.
earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn
ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings
Year and month
Maine
Louisiana
1958: January_____ $81.00
February____ 79. 79
March______ 80.60
April_______ 81.00
May_______ 80.17
June_______ 81.80
July________ 81.80
August_____ 83.23
September___ 82. 01
October_____ 81.40
November...... 83. 53
December___ 82.60
1959: January_____ 83. 21
February____ 83.62
March______ 84.46
40.1 $2. 65 $79. 78
39.6 2. 65 77. 57
40.1 2.64 79. 78
40.1 2.67 79.17
40.0 2.65 81.56
39.9 2.65 81.37
40.8 2. 66 79. 52
39.8 2. 66 84.85
40.8 2. 67 83.81
40.9 2.67 82.14
40.7 2.71 85.03
41.6 2.66 82.95
40.9 2. 69 84. 56
40.6 2. 76 80. 68
40.0 2.74 85.86
39.9 $2.03 $106. 27
39.5 2.02 104.94
39.9 2.02 105. 86
40.1 2.02 107.07
39.3 2.04 106.00
40.1 2.04 105. 74
39.9 2.05 108. 53
40.6 2.05 105.87
40.6 2. 02 108.94
40.7 2.00 109. 20
42.4 1.97 110. 30
41.3 2.00 110. 66
40.2 2.07 110. 02
40.2 2. 08 112.06
41.0 2. 06 109.60
39.3 $2.03
38.4 2.02
39.3 2. 03
39. 0 2.03
39.4 2.07
39.5 2.06
38.6 2. 06
40.6 2. 09
40.1 2.09
39.3 2.09
40.3 2.11
39.5 2.10
39.7 2.13
37.7 2.14
40.5 2.12
40.7 $1.87
40.1
1.86
40.5 1.87
40.3 1.91
40.1 1.90
40.7 1.94
40.4 1.92
41.7 1.93
41.3 1.96
41.2 1.94
42.4 1.97
42.0 1.99
41.4 1.97
40.3 1.97
41.8 2. 00
$76.11
74. 59
75.74
76. 97
76.19
78.96
77. 57
80. 48
80. 95
79. 93
83. 53
83. 58
81.56
79.39
83.60
40.8 $1.78
40.9 1.79
40.2 1.79
39.9 1.81
38.8 1.79
38.3 1.76
42.3 1.77
41.7 1.80
40.4 1.80
39.8 1. 79
39.4 1.82
40.3 1.83
40.3 1.84
41.0 1.86
40.2 1.87
39.4 $2.11
38.5 2.10
39.0 2.11
38.9 2.11
39.4 2.12
40.1 2.12
39.5 2.13
40.6 2.11
40.2 2.13
40.5 2.13
40.3 2.17
40.5 2. 21
39.8 2.21
40.3 2.23
40.3 2.24
$83.13
80. 85
82.29
82.08
83.53
85.01
84.14
85.67
85.63
86. 27
87.45
89. 51
87. 96
89.87
90. 27
1958: January_____ $59.84
February____ 60. 00
March______ 58.19
April_______ 57. 92
57.83
May_______
59.09
June_______
July________ 60.64
61.18
August____
September___ 62.53
60.59
October____
November .. 61.17
December
62.27
1959: January_____ 63.47
February____ 63.30
March______ 64.02
37.4 $1.60
1.60
37.5
36.6 1.59
36.2 1.60
36.6 1.58
37.4 1.58
37.9 1.60
38.0 1.61
38.6 1.62
1.62
37.4
37.3 1.64
38.2 1.63
38.7 1.61
38.6 1.64
38.8 1. 65
Springfield-Holyoke
39.3 $2.04
39.3 2.03
39.5 2.04
39.3 2.04
39.5 2.04
40.4
2.06
40. C 2.08
40.2 2.07
40.1 2.06
40.1 2.07
40.1 2.08
40.6 2.1C
40.6 2.12
40.7 2.12
40.4 2.13
$80.17
79.78
80.58
80.17
80.58
83.22
83.20
83.21
82. 61
83.01
83.41
85.26
86.07
86.28
86.05
$87.30
84. 70
87. 07
86.19
87.91
90. 50
89. 67
92.34
92. 34
92.97
92.92
95. 53
93.90
95. 65
95.82
39.5 $2. 21
38.5 2. 20
39.4 2.21
39.0 2. 21
39.6 2. 22
40.4 2. 24
39.5 2. 27
40.5 2. 28
40.5 2. 28
40.6 2.29
40.4 2.30
41.0 2. 33
40.3 2.33
40.7 2.35
40.6 2.36
38.5 $1.92
38.7 1.92
38.4 1.92
38.1 1.93
38.3 1.94
39.1 1.95
39.2 1.95
39.2 1.94
39.6 1.96
39.2 1.96
39.2 1. 98
1.99
40.1
40.0 2.00
40.1 2.00
39.5 2. 00
$73.92
74.30
73.73
73. 53
74. 30
76. 25
76. 44
76. 05
77. 62
76.83
77.62
79.80
80.00
80.20
79. 00
1958: January_____ $89.48
89.39
February___
March______ 91.71
90.75
April______
May.... ........... 92.02
91.12
June_______
July________ 89.92
August_____ 91.70
September___ 92.37
October_____ 89.38
November__ 93.18
December___ 100.28
1959: January_____ 98.08
F e b ru a ry
95.64
March..'____ 98.05
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
39.4
39.0
39.6
39.0
39.7
39.6
39.2
39.8
40.3
39.
39.3
41.8
40.
40.
40.
Lansing
$2.27 $100.76
2.2! 100.6:
2.32 103.02
2.33 101.06
2.32 103.25
2.30 102.23
2.29 101.96
2.30 116.08
2.29 106.76
2.24 102.58
2.37 122.5C
2.4C 125. 6f
2.4C 111.05
2.39 105.22.43 109.03
39.7 $2.54
39.5 2.55
39. S 2.58
39.2 2.58
40.3 2.56
39.7 2.58
39.2 2.66
41.8 2.78
40.5 2.6'
2.5'
40. ‘
44. C 2.78
44.8
2.8:
40.7 2.73
39.7 2. 65
40.5
2.69
$55. 40
55.38
54.34
50. 84
50.82
55.64
57.72
58.05
56. 51
57. 43
56. 00
60.41
59. 25
59.65
57.00
37.2 $1.49
1.49
37.2
36.2 1.50
33.7 1. 51
33.5 1.52
36.8 1.51
38.3 1. 51
38.6 1.51
37.2 1.52
37.9 1. 52
36.3 1.54
40.0 1.51
39.5 1.50
39.5 1.51
37.5 1.52
Fall River
38.8 $2.05
38.8 2. 05
38.7 2. 06
38.7 2.08
38.8 2. 08
39.4 2.09
39.4 2.10
39.6 2.10
39.9 2.13
39.5 2.12
39.0 2.14
40.0 2.17
39.5 2.15
39.5 2.15
38.8 2.15
$79. 54
79.54
79. 72
80.50
80. 70
82. 35
82.74
83.16
84.99
83. 74
83.46
86. 80
84.93
84.93
83.42
$56.06
55.90
54.82
55.18
55.30
54.48
55. 35
56.47
56.94
58. 72
56.03
57. 78
58.99
60.80
58.14
36.4 $1.54
36.3
1. 54
35.6 1. 54
35.6 1. 55
35.0 1.58
34.7 1.57
35.7 1.55
36.2
1.56
36.5 1.56
36.7 1.60
34.8 1.61
36.8 1. 57
1.59
37.1
38.0 1.60
36.8 1. 58
Michigan
State
Worcester
$77.65
80.43
80.05
79.04
79.97
80.85
83.25
82.89
83.98
84. 50
85. 46
88.26
87.42
87. 85
87.60
36.8 $2.11 $93.97
38.3 2.1C 93.78
38.3 2.0C 97. 27
38.6 2. 08 97.40
37.9 2.11 97. 65
38.5 2.10 98.71
38.9 2.11 97. 69
39.1 2.12 99.3£
39.8 2.11 101. 56
39. £ 2.15 97.16
39.2 2.18 104.10
40. £ 2.19 110.02
40.1 2.18 106.41
40. £ 2.18 104.48
40.0 2.19 111. 62
38.2 $2.46 $97.73
38.0 2.47 96.71
39.0 2.49 103. 60
39.1 2.49 104.40
39.2 2.49 104.07
39.5 2. 50 104.73
39.2 2. 49 102.78
39.7 2. 50 104. 63
40.3 2.52 106.75
39.1 2.49 103.87
39.9 2. 61 106.23
41. 5 2.65 112.08
40.8 2. 61 112.67
40.0 2.61 111. 12
42.2 2.65 120.55
37.5 $2. 61 $97.94
36.9 2.62 98.76
38.8 2.67 99.82
39.5 2. 64 102.23
39.3 2. 65 102.10
39.3 2.67 103. 58
38.8 2. 65 106. 92
39.1 2.68 112.69
39.7 2. 69 108. 04
38.8 2.68 60.99
38.2 2.78 125. 80
40.0 2.80 137.24
41. C 2.75 109.23
40.
2.78 108.03
2.8C 119. 53
43.1
38.5 $2.54
38.7 2. 55
38.2 2. 61
38.9 2.63
38.6 2.65
39.4 2.63
40.0 2.67
40.8 2.76
40.6 2.66
21.9 2.79
44.5 2.83
46.6 2. 95
2.72
40.
39.4 2.74
42.4 2.82
Minnesota
Muskegon-Heigh ts
$93. 61
90.47
92.18
91.4]
88. 6Í
89.37
90.2;
92.35
95.67
95.3!
93.2:
98.7C
97.4C
95.98
96.17
Flint
Detroit
Michigan—Continued
Grand Rapids
$1.64
1.63
1.63
1.64
1.66
1.64
1.66
1.64
1.66
1.67
1.69
1.67
1.67
1.66
1.67
40.0
40.5
40.0
39.0
37.8
39.6
40.3
40.9
40.2
40.5
39.6
41.3
41.3
41.5
40.2
Boston
State
Massachusetts—Continued
New Bedford
$65. 76
66.12
65. 38
63. 97
62. 98
64.94
66. 71
67.17
66.63
67. 45
66. 82
69. 07
68. 97
68.89
67.13
Massachusetts
Baltimore
State
Portland
Lewiston-Auburn
State
Shreveport
Maryland
Maine—Continued
1958: January___ - $72. 54
February____ 73. 32
March______ 71.87
April_______ 72. 08
69. 21
May ______
June_______ 67. 53
74. 85
July__ - ___
75.28
August_____
September___ 72. 78
71.16
October____
November___ 71.62
December___ 73. 50
1959: January_____ 74.15
February____ 76. 26
March_____
75.17
New Orleans
Baton Rouge
State
39.2
37.6
38.2
37.9
36.8
36.1
37.:
38.]
39.
38.8
37.8
39. ‘
39.
39.
39.6
$2.3C
2.41
2.41
2.4]
2.4:
2. 42
2. 42
2.42
2.4E
2.46
2.4"
2.51
2.4"
2. 4i
2.4"
Saginaw
$87. 85
93.37
93.03
93.53
96. 51
98. 61
96.8'
94.3C
101.43
83. 66
106. 93
111. 70
106.77
103. V.
105.58
37.4 $2. 35 $86.38
39.1
2.3C 85.19
38.7 2.4C 85.0£
39.1
2.3C 85.42
40. £ 2. 4C 86.09
40.2
2. 45 86.95
39.
2.4£ 86. 45
39.4
2.4C 86.58
41. £ 2.46 87.88
37. £ 2.24 90. 4C
42.
2. 55 90. 38
42.7
2.67 91.27
42.1
2. 54 90.31
40.
2. 57 91.441.6
2.54 92.14
Duluth
State
39. € $2.18
39.3
2.17
2.17
39.1
39. £ 2.17
2.18
39.5
40. C 2.18
2. If
40.2
40. C 2.1C
40.7 2.1C
2. 22
40.7
2.24
40.4
40.
2.2E
40.
2.20
40.2
2. 27
2. 27
40.
$88.87
87.73
86.7£
86. 58
86.83
88.4C
98.79
94. oe
91. 47
93.62
97.57
96. 62
96. If
99. 4"
97. 9-
37. £ $2.38
37.1 2.36
36. £ 2.38
36.7
2.36
36.7 2.36
37.2 2.38
2.49
39.7
38.4 2.45
2.44
37. £
37.9
2.47
38.8
2.51
38.4 2.52
38.1 2.52
38.
2.55
38.
2.54
723
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able
C-7.
Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by State and
selected areas1—Continued
Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.
wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly.
earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn
ings ings
ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings
Year and month
Minneapolis-St.
Paul
38.3 $1.45
37.5 1.48
39.4 1.50
38.6 1.52
39.6 1. 51
39.8 1.51
39.2 1.51
40.7 1.53
41.2 1.53
41.5 1.52
41.1
1.52
41.2 1. 50
40.6 1.48
40.3 1.50
40.5 1.49
39.4 $1. 58
40.2 1.58
41.5 1.56
42.0 1.57
41.0 1.61
42.4 1.66
40.9 1.63
43.0 1.62
42.4 1.64
43.2 1.60
42.5 1.60
41.8 1.62
41.3 1.60
41.7 1.61
41.9 1.62
$2.29
2.30
2.30
2.33
2.30
2.30
2.31
2.30
2.31
2.28
2.30
2.31
2.36
2.36
2. 37
$77. 99
77.80
77.45
77.86
79.31
81.36
79. 92
79.87
81.99
81.14
85.26
83. 69
84.46
81.57
81.65
40.6
40.5
40.4
40.9
41.5
42.6
41.8
41.8
42.2
41.7
42.8
42.2
42.0
41.1
41.1
38.6 $2.03 $88.69
38.2 2.03 86.86
38.1 2.04 87.24
37.8 2.05 87.25
38.2 2.06 87.63
38.8 2.07 89. 90
39.0 2.08 90.85
39.4 2. 08 91.29
39.0 2. 09 92.85
38.9 2.10 93.91
39.0 2.15 98.19
40.1 2.14 100.34
39.4 2.13 94.91
39.3 2.11
39.6 2.11
$78.29
77.71
77.68
77. 55
78.61
80.41
81.05
81.73
81.83
81.43
83. 76
85. 79
83.84
83.01
83.64
Omaha
$1.92
1.92
1.92
1.91
1.91
1.91
1.91
1.91
1.94
1.95
1.99
1.98
2. 01
1.98
1.98
Kansas City
39.7
39.1
39.1
39.0
39.1
40.0
39.8
40.6
40.7
40.5
41.3
42.2
40.3
Nevada
State
State
37.9
37.2
37.5
38.5
39.0
39.5
38.5
40.0
40.7
41.4
40.5
41.5
40.3
40.4
40.3
$62.25
63.52
64. 74
65.94
66.01
70.38
66.67
69.66
69. 54
69.12
68.00
67.72
66.08
67.14
67.88
Nebraska
Montana
1958: January.......... $86.79
February...... . 85. 56
March. ____ 86.25
April............. 89.71
May_______ 89. 70
June.. _____ 90. 85
July............... 88.94
August_____ 92. 00
September___ 94.02
October_____ 94. 39
November---- 93.15
December___ 95.87
1959: January_____ 95.11
February____ 95.34
March______ 95. 51
State
Jackson
State
39.4 $2.23 $55. 54
39.2 2.22 55. 50
39.1 2.23 59.10
39.1 2.23 58.67
39.4 2.24 59. 80
39.9 2.25 60.10
39.7 2.26 59.19
40.2 2.27 62.27
40.3 2.29 63.04
40.0 2.29 63.08
40.1 2.31 62. 47
40.5 2.32 61.80
40.1 2.33 60.09
40.3 2.33 60.45
40.5 2.33 60.35
1958: January........ $87.78
February____ 87.19
March............ 87.03
April..... ......... 87.18
88. 51
May____ _
89.89
June_______
July................ 89.66
91.29
August_____
September. _ 92.20
October_____ 91.85
November___ 92. 66
December___ 94. 01
1959: January_____ 93.28
93.86
March.."____ 94.41
Missouri
Mississippi
Minnesota—Con.
$82.89
82.84
81.71
82.24
83.63
86. 58
86.81
86. 03
88.82
87.91
92.70
90.20
91.50
87.65
88. 01
$2.23
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.24
2.25
2.28
2.25
2. 28
2. 32
2.38
2.38
2.35
State
1958: January_____ $84.83
February____ 84.53
84.47
March___ _
April_______ 84.19
May............... 85.02
86. 52
June_______
July.— .......... 86.79
August_____ 87.28
September___ 87.82
October_____ 88.94
November___ 90.72
December___ 90.88
1959: January.......... 89. 95
February........ 91.09
March............ 90. 96
39.0 $2.17
38.9 2.17
38.8 2.18
38.6 2.18
39.0 2.18
39.4 2.20
39.2 2.21
39.6 2. 20
39.7 2.21
40.1 2. 22
40.3 2. 25
40.3 2.26
39.9 2.26
40.2 2.27
40.0 2.27
Newark-Jersey City4
$86.32
86. 36
86. 68
86. 70
86. 93
88.06
88.39
89.26
89.66
89.44
92. 38
92.24
91.95
92.76
92.35
38.9
38.9
39.1
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.3
39.9
40.1
40.0
40.5
40.6
40.1
40.4
40.1
$2.22
2. 22
2.22
2. 22
2.23
2.23
2.25
2.24
2.24
2.24
2.28
2.27
2.29
2.30
2.30
Paterson 4
$82.20
84.48
83.11
83. 05
84.16
86.46
85.34
86. 47
86.43
90.39
90. 78
90.29
89. 65
90.21
90.84
38.5
39.7
39.0
38.7
39.0
39.9
39.4
39.7
39.5
40.9
40.8
40.6
40.4
40.4
40.5
39.6 $2. 56 $64. 62
39.1 2. 51 64.78
39.3 2. 50 64.12
40.2 2. 53 62.32
39.2 2. 58 62.81
39.5 2. 61 65.67
39.9 2. 68 65.27
41.2 2. 63 66.66
40.7 2. 63 66.66
40.4 2. 67 65.67
40.9 2. 61 67.30
41.1 2. 61 67. 30
41.1 2. 61 68.21
40.8 2.60 69.12
40.3 2.61 67.83
39.4
39.5
39.1
38.0
38.3
39.8
39.8
40.4
40.4
39.8
40.3
40.3
40.6
40.9
39.9
$1.64
1.64
1.64
1.64
1.64
1.65
1.64
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.67
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.70
$89 46
82 82
89.89
78 99
82 01
84 28
Time
88 10
87 78
87.15
90
88 82
92 88
1959: January— ---- 84.03
February____ 83.60
M arch.......... 86.52
See’footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
42.2 $2.12
40.4 2.05
42.4 2.12
39.3 2. 01
40.6 2.02
41.7 2. 02
43 4 2.03
41.8 2.10
41. 5 2.10
42.7 2.12
40 3 2. 08
43 4 2.14
40.4 2.08 $86.13
40.0 2. Of 86. 81
41.2 2.10 86.76
38.5
38.1
37.3
36.4
36.7
37.6
38.6
39.6
38.9
37.7
38.8
39.5
39.3
39.6
37.9
$1.58
1.58
1.58
1.58
1.58
1.58
1.58
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.60
1.61
1.63
1.62
$88.02
87.15
85.92
86. 91
86.90
89. 05
90. 08
89.64
89.75
91.44
92.24
94.37
92. 81
92.84
92. 69
39.4
39.1
38.6
38.8
38.9
39.3
39.2
39.3
39.4
40.0
40.0
40.4
39.9
40.0
39.8
$2.23
2.23
2. 23
2.24
2.23
2.27
2.30
2.28
2. 28
2.29
2.31
2.34
2.33
2. 32
2.33
Trenton
$85.38
81.95
85. 03
82.06
84.00
83. 50
86.31
84.98
83.93
86.25
90.25
90.53
89. 61
89. 58
89.38
State
39.6 $2.16
38.4 2.13
39.4 2.16
38.4 2.14
39.4 2.13
39.0 2.14
39.7 2.17
39.6 2.15
39.7 2.11
40.4 2.13
40.8 2.21
40.2 2. 25
40.2 2.23
40.1 2.23
39.9 2.24
$84. 23
81.00
85. 07
79.20
80.78
83.16
84. 62
82.40
82.39
81.40
81.61
86.73
81.40
80.60
84.25
41.7 $2.02
40.5 2.00
41.7 2.04
39.8 1.99
40.8 1.98
42.0 1.98
42.1 2.01
41.2 2.00
41.4 1.99
40.1 2.03
40.4 2.02
42.1 2. 06
40.1 2.03
40.1 2.01
41.3 2.04
New York 5
New Mexico--Con.
Albuquerque
$60.83
60. 20
58.93
57.51
57.99
59.41
60.99
62. 57
61.85
60.32
62.47
63.20
63.27
64. 55
61.40
New Mexico
Perth Amboy 4
$2.13
2.13
2.13
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.21
2.23
2.22
2. 22
2. 23
2. 24
39.0 $2.22
38.8 2.23
38.8 2.23
38.6 2.24
38.9 2.25
39.3 2.28
39.5 2.28
39.7 2.29
39.4 2. 31
39.8 2.30
40.2 2.35
40.3 2.35
39.8 2.32
39.7 2.31
39.8 2.33
Manchester
New Jersey
State
$86.76
86. 51
86.26
86.43
87.45
89. 59
90.18
91.02
90. 95
91.11
94. 27
94.69
92.37
91.78
92.78
New Hampshire
State
40.5 $2.05 $101.38
40.5 2. 05 98.14
40.1 2.04 98.25
40.4 2. 03 101.71
40.7 2.06 101.14
41.7 2.08 103.10
41.6 2.09 106.93
41.1 2.09 108.36
41.8 2.13 107. 04
41.5 2.12 107.87
43.0 2.16 106. 75
42.4 2.13 107.27
42.3 2.16 107.27
41.2 2.13 106.08
41.2 2.13 105.18
St. Louis
State
39.0
39.2
39.0
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
$2.21 $93.68
2.22 94.28
2.22 94.98
39.2
39.4
39.6
Binghamton
$2.39 $79.36
2.39 79. 52
2.40 79.15
39.1
39.1
39.1
$2.03 $103.16
2.04 104.80
2.03 104.23
Buffalo
39.9
40.4
40.0
Elmira
$2.59 $83.85
2.60 84.43
2.60 85.06
39.3
39.5
39.7
$2.14
2.14
2.14
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
724
T able
C-7.
Year and month
Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by State and
selected areas ^C ontinued
Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.
Wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly. wkly. wkly. hrly.
earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn earn hours earn
ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings ings
ings
New York 5—Continued
Nassau and Suffolk
Counties4
1958: January........
February---March_____
April--------May.............
June______
July.— ........
August-........
September...
October____
November...
December—
1959: January-----February---March_____
40.9
40.9
40.3
$96.05
96.24
95. 63
New York-North
eastern New Jersey
$2.35 $86. 58
2. 36 87.02
2.37 86. 75
39.0
39.2
38.9
$82.12
82.90
2.23 83.03
2.22
State
Westchester County •
39.4
40.3
38.3
$87. 43
89. 87
84.92
$2.17 $93. 70
2.17 94. 47
2.18 94.96
40.0
39.8
39.8
$2. 34 $93.32
2. 37 92.92
2.38 93. 56
$53.86
54.29
54.81
53.36
54.38
55. 54
56.84
57. 71
58.32
59.02
60.27
56.09
58.36
$2.22
2.23 59. 50
2 . 22 60. 75
37.4 $1.44
37.7 1.44
37.8 1.45
36.8 1.45
37.5 1.45
38.3 1.45
39.2 1.45
39.8 1.45
40.5 1.44
40.7 1.45
41.0 1.47
37.9 1.48
39.7 1.47
40.2 1.48
40.5 1.50
39.7
39
40.5
$2.09
2.09
2.11
North Dakota
Greensboro-High
Point
Charlotte
39.9 $1.54
40.0 1.55
40.7 1.56
40.5 1.56
40.4 1. 55
40.3 1.55
40.8 1.56
41.1 1.57
42.4 1.59
42.0 1. 58
1.59
41.
41.5 1.59
41.3 1. 59
41.1 1.60
41.9 1.66
$61. 45
62.00
63.49
63.18
62.62
62.47
63.65
64. 53
67.42
66.36
66.62
65.99
65.67
65. 76
69. 55
$2.29 $82.90
2. 30 83.38
2.32 85.38
40.7
40.4
40.4
North Carolina
New York—Con.
1958: January........
February---March_____
April______
May______
June............ July_______
August—......
September-..
October____
November...
December__
1959: January-----February---March_____
37.
38.2
38.0
$ 2.22
Utica-Rome
Syracuse
Rochester
New York City 4
$52. 93
54.17
54.02
49.93
52.92
53. 73
56.60
55.13
56.74
56.32
57.72
55.06
56.68
57.37
57.60
Fargo
State
36.5 $1. 45 $78.27
37.1 1.46 76.23
37.0 1. 46 79.22
34.2 1.46 79.86
36.0 1.47 79.19
36.8 1.46 80.92
38.5 1.47 80.94
37.5 1.47 80.80
38.6 1.47 78.89
37.8 1.49 83. 75
39.0 1.48 79. 57
37.2 1.48 81.44
38.3 1.48 80.13
38.5 1.49 81.34
38.4 1.50 83.48
41.2 $1.90
39.9 1.91
41.6 1.91
41.7 1.92
41.9 1.89
43.4 1.87
43.4 1.87
42.6 1.90
41.7 1.89
44.3 1.89
41.1 1.94
41.8 1.95
40.4 1.98
40.6 2.01
41.4 2.02
$83. 96
82.38
83.36
84.49
84.94
87.80
86.75
84.76
87.10
90. 24
86. 53
85.52
89.46
90.49
88.97
39.4 $2.13
39.1 2.11
39.9 2.09
39.8 2.13
40.6 2. 09
42.2 2.08
41.9 2.07
41.0 2.07
41.1 2.12
42.5 2.12
39.6 2.19
39.8 2.15
39.8 2.25
40.3 2.24
40.2 2.21
Ohio
1958: January........
February......
March_____
April______
May....... .....
June______
July—..........
August------September-..
October____
November...
December__
1959: January____
February__
March......... .
38.4 $2. 35 $92. 61
37.8 2.35 87.93
38.0 2. 36 90.18
37.8 2.37 88. 57
38.2 2.36 90. 46
38.9 2. 38 92.94
38.9 2. 40 92. 87
39.0 2. 41 97. 35
39. 7 2.42 102.26
39.3 2. 43 98.30
40.0 2. 48 103. 98
40.6 2. 49 105. 75
40.0 2. 49 103. 43
*0.2 2.51 101. 92
40.5 2.52 112. 61
$90.42
88. 78
89. 71
89.48
90. 24
92. 67
93.35
94. 08
96. 23
95. 44
99.12
101.19
99. 74
100. 84
102.13
36.6 $2.53 $89.30
35.1 2. 51 87.02
35.9 2. 51 88. 69
35.3 2.51 86.01
35.9 2.52 84. 52
36.6 2. 54 92.15
36.3 2. 56 92. 28
37.3 2. 61 92. 96
38.9 2. 63 98. 7C
37.3 2. 64 100. 05
39.2 2. 65 102. 33
39.4 2. 68 104. 85
38.7 2. 67 102. 02
38.2 2.67 105. 96
41.0 2. 75 106. 58
36.7
36.0
36.5
35.7
34.8
37.8
37.4
37.7
39.3
39.3
39.5
40.5
39.2
40.1
40.3
$2.43
2. 42
2. 43
2.41
2. 43
2. 44
2. 47
2. 47
2. 51
2. 55
2. 59
2.59
2.60
2. 64
2. 64
$85. 79
84. 99
84. 76
85.19
85. 98
88. 57
88.43
90. 05
90. 57
93. 75
93. 42
94. 20
92. 07
94. 35
92. 37
39.6
39.3
39.1
39.0
39.2
39.9
39.8
40.2
40.4
41.2
40.9
41.0
40.1
40.8
40.2
$2.17
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.22
2. 22
2. 24
2.24
2.28
2.28
2.30
2.30
2.31
2.30
1958: January........
February___
March_____
April______
May.......... .
June______
July...... .......
August____
September...
October....... .
November...
December__
1959: January.......
February__
March_____
$99.06
97.15
100. 50
96.14
99.69
102.33
103. 50
102. 00
104.09
92.01
108. 64
111. 29
106. 78
107.12
106.28
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
39.6 $2.50 $97.26
38.8 2. 50 94. 57
39.7 2.53 96.06
38.1 2.52 95.96
39.6 2.52 96. 75
40.1 2. 55 96. 57
40.4 2. 56 97. 59
40.1 2. 54 103. 62
40.6 2. 56 105.10
36.0 2.56 98. 59
41.2 2. 64 101.97
41. 9 2. 66 103. 42
40.7 2.62 104. 36
40.7 2.63 104. 60
40.5 2.62 106.25
Toledo
$92.31
91.11
91.23
92.37
92. 73
94. 01
95. 04
94.13
97.42
100. 02
102.34
103. 71
103. 35
105. 33
106. 03
38.4
37.9
37.9
37.9
38.2
38.6
38.8
38.3
39.3
39.9
40.4
40.7
40.4
40.9
41.0
$2.40
2. 40
2. 41
2.44
2.43
2. 44
2. 45
2. 46
2.48
2.51
2.53
2.55
2. 56
2. 58
2. 59
$87. 93
86.24
87. 74
87.13
87. 21
90.49
86.60
90.89
88.28
91.16
92. 71
97.82
95. 46
95.44
93.95
39.2 $2.24
38.4 2.25
38.9 2.26
39.0 2.23
39.0 2.24
39.6 2.29
38. 5 2.25
40.1 2.27
38.6 2.29
40.1 2.27
39.8 2.33
41.0 2.39
40.5 2.36
40.5 2. 36
39.9 2.35
Oklahoma
Ohio—Continued
Dayton
Columbus
Cleveland
Cincinnati
Canton
Akron
State
Youngstown
38.9 $2. 50 $96. 40
38.1 2. 48 94.16
38.6 2.49 96. 45
38.6 2.49 93.20
39.0 2. 48 94. 85
38.7 2. 50 99. 56
38.8 2.52 103. 97
40.3 2. 57 104. 26
40.4 2.60 106.89
39.1 2.52 105. 76
39.4 2. 59 108. 20
39.9 2.59 112.29
40.0 2. 61 113. 61
39.7 2.63 112. 61
40.3 2. 64 118.02
35.5 $2.72 $80.20
34.9 2. 70 79.20
35.5 2. 72 78.40
34.4 2. 71 79. 60
34.9 2. 72 82.21
36.5 2.73 84. 87
37.5 2. 77 85.07
37.2 2.80 83. 64
37.5 2. 85 83.85
36.7 2.88 83.23
37.6 2. 88 84. 04
38.9 2. 89 84.23
39.4 2.88 84.05
38.7 2. 91 83.64
39.9 2. 96 85.28
39.9
39.6
39.2
39.6
40.3
41.2
40.9
40.8
40.9
41.0
41.4
41.7
41.2
41.0
41.4
Tulsa
Oklahoma City
State
$2.01
2.00
2. 00
2.01
2. 04
2.06
2. 08
2.05
2. 05
2.03
2. 03
2. 02
2.04
2.04
2.06
$78.21
72.86
72. 44
73.16
75.85
76. 41
75.48
77.00
77. 75
75.67
77. 46
77.08
78.50
77.71
79. 65
41.6
39.6
39.8
40.2
41.0
41.3
40.8
41.4
41.8
40.9
41.2
41.0
41.1
40.9
41.7
$1.88
1.84
1.82
1.82
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.86
1.86
1.85
1.88
1.88
1.91
1.90
1.91
$86.80
85.25
86.69
86.85
94. 48
96.98
97. 47
95.87
91.30
92.03
90.90
91.88
92.21
89.10
90.40
39.1 $2.22
38.4 2.22
38.7 2.24
39.3 2.21
40.9 2.31
41.8 2.32
41.3 2.36
41. 5 2.31
40.4 2.26
40.9 2.25
40.4 2.25
41.2 2.23
40.8 2.26
39.6 2.25
40.0 2.26
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able
C-7.
725
Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by State and
selected areas1—Continued
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
horns
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Year and month
Oregon
Pennsylvania
State
1958: January.........-.............
February------ ---------March..........................
April_______ ______
M a y .............................
Ju n e.--------------------J u ly ............ ................
August_____________
September__________
October-----------November-........... .......
December__________
1959: January____________
February__________
M arch..........................
$89.12
90.02
90.09
90.05
93.16
91.19
91.09
93.46
95.09
94. 88
93.88
95.44
92.72
93.93
96.06
Portland
37.7
38.0
37.9
37.6
38.4
38.3
38.0
39.5
39.1
38.9
38.1
38.5
37.8
38.4
39.0
$2.36
2.37
2.38
2.40
2.43
2.38
2.40
2.37
2.43
2.44
2.46
2.48
2.45
2.45
2.46
$88.30
88.28
89.26
89.36
91.11
90.21
88. 55
88.96
91.59
92.27
91.78
93.49
92. 93
93.21
94.75
37.8
37.6
38.0
37.8
38.2
38.5
37.6
37.6
38.5
39.0
37.8
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.8
State
$2.34
2.35
2.35
2.36
2.39
2.34
2.36
2.37
2.38
2. 37
2.43
2. 44
2.42
2.42
2.44
$80.77
79.92
80. 94
80. 3C
80. 7S
82. IS
82.96
83.16
84.63
84. 58
85. 41
85.80
85. 53
86.63
89.27
Allentown-B ethlehemEaston
38.1
37.7
38.0
37.7
37. S
38.4
38.6
38.5
39.0
38.8
39.0
39.0
38.7
39.2
39.5
$2.12
2.12
2.13
2.13
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.21
2.26
$77. 54
77.12
77. 54
76.08
75.71
77.28
77. 91
76. 54
76.18
77. 75
77. 54
78.91
76.02
80.46
83.71
37.1
36.9
37.1
36.4
36.4
36.8
37.1
36.8
36.8
37.2
37.1
37.4
36.2
37.6
38.4
$2.09
2.09
2.09
2.09
2.08
2.10
2.10
2.08
2.07
2.09
2.09
2.11
2.10
2.14
2.18
Erie
$87.86
86.36
87.02
85.69
86.52
87.42
92.11
90.17
91.98
88.98
91.48
93.26
93.37
95.18
95.41
39.4
38.9
39.2
38.6
38.8
39.2
40.4
39.9
40.7
39.2
39.6
40.2
39.9
40.5
40.6
$2.23
2.22
2.22
2.22
2.23
2.23
2.28
2.26
2.26
2.27
2.31
2.32
2.34
2.35
2.35
Pennsylvania—Continued
Harrisburg
1958: Ja n u a ry ......................
February___________
M arch......... ...... ..........
April______________
M ay..............................
Ju n e.--------------------July----------------------August------ -----------September................October____________
N o v em b er.________
December__ _______
1959: January
_________
February___________
M arch................ ..........
$70.31
69.36
69.37
70.12
70.68
72.58
72. 58
72.58
72. 96
71.25
72.96
72.01
71.06
75.27
77.21
37.6
36.7
36.9
37.1
37.2
38.2
38.0
38.0
38.2
37.9
38.4
37.9
37.8
38.6
38.8
Lancaster
$1.87
1.89
1.88
1. 89
1.90
1.90
1.91
1.91
1.91
1.88
1.90
1.90
1.88
1.95
1.99
$71.28
70. 56
71. 50
70.77
71.31
72.76
73.12
73.12
75.40
77.33
78.21
77.08
76. 52
77.68
77.90
39.6
39.2
39.5
39.1
39.4
40.2
40.4
40.3
41.2
41.8
41.6
41.0
40.7
41.1
41.0
Philadelphia
$1.80
1.80
1.81
1.81
1.81
1.81
1.81
1. 81
1.83
1.85
1.88
1.88
1.88
1.89
1.90
$84.46
82.94
82.94
83. 33
83. 76
85.41
85.80
86.68
87. 91
86.80
88.31
89.38
88. 48
89. 33
90.97
39.1
38.4
38.4
38.4
38.6
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.6
39.1
39.6
39.9
39.5
39.7
39.9
Pittsburgh
$2.16
2.16
2.16
2.17
2.17
2.19
2.20
2.20
2.22
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.24
2.25
2.28
$95.00
95. 76
95. 63
96.52
96. 39
97.92
102.31
101.11
104.25
103.33
104. 22
106.35
107. 29
108. 74
111.32
37.4
37.7
37.8
38.0
37.8
38.1
39.2
38.3
38.9
38.7
38.6
39.1
39.3
39.4
39.9
Pennsylvania—Continued
Scranton
1958: January______ . . . .
February___________
M arch_____________
April________ ____
May _ . ________
June___________ . . .
Ju ly ------ ---------------August_______ . . . .
September__________
October___ ____
November_______ .
December__________
1959: January____________
February___________
M arch_________ . . .
$61.88
61. 05
63. 24
59.66
62.25
62.79
63.13
63.29
61.66
63.29 .
63. 50
63. 54
63.21
63. 54
62.87
37.5
37.0
37.2
35.3
37.5
37.6
37.8
37.9
36.7
37.9
37.8
37.6
37.4
37.6
37.2
$57. 72
56.63
59.84
57.83
57.96
58.12
58.08
58.60 .
58. 28
59.29
59.09
59. 01
59. 82
59. 98
60.47
37.0
36.3
37.4
35.7
36.0
36.1
36.3
36.4
36.2
36.6
36.7
36.2
36.7
36.8
37.1
$1.56
1. 56
1.60
1.62
1.61
1.61
1.60
1.61
1.61
1.62
1.61
1.63
1.63
1.63
1.63
York
$71.38
71.60
71.78
72.50
70.53
72. 22
71.34
72.86
71. 63
75.30
74. 34
75. 52
75.95
75.85
74. 93
40.1
40.0
40.1
40.5
39.4
40.8
41.0
41.4
40.7
41.6
41.3
40.6
41.5
41.0
40.5
South Carolina
State
1958: January----------------February________
March... . . . _____
April_______ _____
M a y .. ____________
June____ ... --------July----------------------August___
_____
September_________
October___________
November___ .... .
December_____ ___
1959: January___ _ _____
February------ ---------M arch_____________
$56.84
55.15
55. 68
53.80
54.08
55.82
56. 55
57.71
58.00
58. 29
59. 02
58.11
59.42
59. 54
62.02
See footnotes a t end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
39.2
38.3
38.4
37.1
37.3
38.5
39.0
39.8
40.0
40.2
40.7
39.8
40.7
40.5
40.8
$2.54
2.54
2.53
2.54
2.55
2. 57
2. 61
2.64
2. 68
2. 67
2.70
2.72
2.73
2.76
2.79
State
Charleston
42.3
39.8
41.1
40.0
35.8
39.6
37.8
41.7
41.5
40.6
40.8
39.3
41.6
42.2
41.2
38.3
36.5
36.4
37.1
37.6
38.4
38.4
39.0
39.2
39.2
39.9
39.5
39. 6
39.3
39.0
$1.85
1.85
1.84
1.86
1.86
1. 87
1. 85
1.88
1.90
1.91
1.93
1.94
1.97
1.96
1.99
$1. 78
1.79
1.79
1.79
1.79
1. 77
1.74
1.76
1.76
1.81
1. 80
1.86
1. 83
1.85
1.85
$66.86
68.16
67.64
70.07
68. 90
70. 75
69.30
67. 06
70. 40
71.60
69. 89
71.91
70.70
72.09
72.32
39.1
49.4
39.1
40.5
39.6
40.2
39.6
38.1
40.0
40.0
38.4
40.4
40.4
40.5
40.4
Providence
$1.71
1.73
1. 73
1.73
1.74
1. 76
1. 75
1.76
1.76
1.79
1.82
1.78
1.75
1. 78
1.79
South Dakota
$1.45 $71.06
1.44 64. 87
1.45 66.17
1.45 64. 80
1.45 54. 42
1.45 65.74
1.45 64. 26
1.45 72. 98
1.45 70. 55
1.45 69.02
1.45 69. 36
1.46 68. 38
1.46 73. 22
1.47 72.58
1.52 71.69
$70. 86
67.53
66. 98
69. 01
69. 94
71.81
71.04
73.32
74. 48
74. 87
77.01
76.63
78.01
77.03
77.61
Rhode Island
Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton
$1.65
1.65
1.70
1.69
1.66
1.67
1.67
1.67
1.68
1. 67
1.68
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
Reading
State
$1.68 $80. 77
1.63
76. 48
1.61
78. 08
1.62
77.27
1.52
80.05
1.66
82. 53
1.70
82. 24
1.75
82.96
1. 70 84. 59
1.70
87.21
1.70
91.34
1.74
91. 56
1. 76 94. 13
1. 72 84.45
1.74
85.04
43.9
41.6
42.4
42.6
44.0
44.9
45.5
45.1
45.1
44.9
47.6
47.2
48.0
44.3
44.7
$67.64
68. 06
67. 77
67. 94
69.43
70.07
69. 55
68. 21
70. 07
69.83
70. 62
71.51
71. 28
72. 27
73.08
39.1
39.8
39.4
39.5
39.9
40. 5
40.2
39.2
40. 5
39.9
39.9
40.4
40. 5
40.6
40.6
$1.73
1. 71
1. 72
1. 72
1. 74
1.73
1. 73
1.74
1.73
1.75
1. 77
1.77
1.76
1.78
1. 80
Tennessee
Sioux Falls
$1.84 $89.03
1.84
83. 47
1.84
86. 90
1.81
84.62
1.82
88.10
1.84
92.40
92.74
1.81
1. 84 91.13
1.88
95.15
1.94 104.00
1.92 103. 72
1.94 103. 38
1.96 107. 57
1.91
93.37
1.90
94.00
44.5
42.1
43.6
42.5
44.4
45.9
46.8
45.0
46.5
48.0
49.8
49.4
50.9
44.7
45.4
State
$2.00
1.98
1.99
1. 99
1. 98
2.01
1.98
2.03
2.05
2.17
2. 08
2.09
2.11
2. 09
2.07
$63.71
64. 51
65.96
65.11
65.40
66. 25
67.66
68. 51
69. 32
67. 25
66. 74
70.30
71.10
71.28
71.46
37.7
38.4
38.8
38.3
38.7
39.2
39.8
40.3
40.3
39.1
38.8
40.4
40.4
40.5
40.6
$1.69
1.68
1.70
1.70
1.69
1. 69
1. 70
1.70
1. 72
1.72
1.72
1.74
1.76
1.76
1.76
726
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T a ble
C-7.
Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by State and
selected areas 1—Continued
Year and month
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
hours
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
horns
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
wkly.
earn
ings
Tennessee—Continued
Chattanooga
1958: January____________
February_____ _____
March_____________
April______________
M ay_______________
June_______________
July..............................
August____________
September__________
October____________
November__________
December____ _____
1959: January_________ _.
February___________
M arch_________ . . . .
$68.71
66.88
67.41
67.08
64.75
69.06
70.70
71.82
72.25
72.58
72.07
75. 58
73.16
73.53
73.38
38.6
38.0
38.3
37.9
37.0
38.8
39.5
39.9
39.7
40.1
39.6
41.3
40.2
40.4
40.1
Knoxville
$1.78
1.76
1.76
1.77
1. 75
1.78
1.79
1.80
1.82
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.82
1.82
1.83
$79.49
79.49
80. 50
78.69
79.34
80.36
80. 77
80. 99
83.21
83.39
82.80
84.25
82. 59
82. 41
82.21
38.4
38.4
38.7
38.2
38.7
39.2
39.4
39.7
40.2
39.9
40.0
40.7
39.9
40.2
40.3
$72. 56
66.25
73.68
72.91
72.31
67.28
73.23
73.53
74. 34
74.92
71.74
75. 30
74.37
77.33
79.30
38.8
36.6
39.4
39.2
39.3
37.8
39.8
40.4
40.4
40.5
39.2
40.7
40.2
40.7
41.3
Nashville
$1.87
1.81
1.87
1.86
1.84
1.78
1.84
1.82
1.84
1.85
1.83
1.85
1.85
1.90
1.92
$69.83
68. 60
68.99
70. 53
71.38
72. 67
74.03
75. 06
77. 79
75.48
72.71
75.52
76.89
77.49
75.70
39.9
39.2
39.2
39.4
40.1
40.6
40.9
41.7
41.6
40.8
39.3
40.6
40.9
41.0
40.7
State
$1 . 7 5
1 .7 5
1.76
1.79
1.78
1.79
1.81
1.80
1.87
1.85
1.85
1.86
1.88
1.89
1.86
$84.86
83.41
83. 62
83.20
84.44
86.10
85.89
85.27
87.14
85.48
86.93
87.14
87.14
87.34
88.40
Texas—Continued
Dallas
1958: January____________ $78.96
February______ ____
76. 80
M arch_____________
77. 99
April______________
77. 60
M ay__ _ _________
79.00
June____________
79.97
July_______________
79.15
August____________
81.16
September______ _ _ 82.76
October____________
81. 56
November__________
82.15
December....... .............
82.15
1959: January___ ________
81.73
February......................
81.54
March_____ _______
81.32
40.7
40.0
40.2
40.0
40.1
40.8
40.8
41.2
41.8
41.4
41.7
41.7
41.7
41.6
41.7
Fort Worth
$1.94
1.92
1.94
1.94
1.97
1.96
1.94
1.97
1.98
1.97
1. 97
1.97
1.96
1.96
1.95
$91.48
89.31
92.17
92.17
95. 94
100. 74
100.60
100. 94
99.88
99.72
99.60
101.66
99.35
98.70
100.19
40.3
39.0
39.9
39.9
41.0
41.8
41.4
41.2
40. 6
40.7
40.0
40.5
39.9
39.8
40.4
Utah—Continued
$84.71
86.00
85. 75
85.46
85. 71
86.33
86. 68
87.20
89.10
87.16
88.04
90.83
90. 58
86.80
91. 71
39.4
40.0
39.7
39.2
39.5
39.6
39.4
40.0
40.5
39.8
40.2
41.1
40.8
39.1
40.4
$2.42
2.40
2. 36
2.38
2.36
2.40
2. 39
2. 43
2.44
2.41
2.41
2.42
2.41
2.44
2.45
$67.86
68.17
67.70
67.35
68.47
68. 66
68.90
69.39
70.70
70. 45
70. 04
72. 68
72. 55
72.37
73.22
39.9
40.1
39.8
39.5
39.9
40.2
40.6
40.7
41.2
41.1
40.6
41.7
41.6
41.5
41.6
$1.70
1.70
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.71
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.71
1.73
1.74
1.74
1.75
1.76
$69.84
69.27
69. 04
68.40
69.66
69.48
72.98
74.09
71.15
73. 67
72.41
74.68
75. 58
75. 51
75.48
1958: January______ _____
February........ ...... . . .
M arch_____________
April______________
M ay_______________
June_______________
July________ ______
August— ......... . ......
September_____ . . .
October. _______ .
November. . . . _____
December__________
1959: January................... .
February___ _______
M arch_____________
See footnotes at end of table.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
$70.13
68. 46
68.11
69.14
67. 58
69.12
70. 00
70.35
68.85
74.30
79. 76
73.54
75.92
74.18
74.44
39.4
38.9
39.6
40.2
38.4
39.5
40.0
40.2
39.8
40.6
42.2
38.3
40.6
40.1
40.9
$1.78
1.76
1.72
1.72
1.76
1.75
1. 75
1.75
1.73
1.83
1.89
1.92
1.87
1.85
1.82
$64.32
61.76
62. 96
62.81
63.36
63.67
62. 73
63.84
65. 20
64.00
64.48
64.40
64.24
64.40
65.12
40.2
38.6
39.6
39.5
39.6
39.3
39.7
39.9
40 0
40.0
40.3
40.0
40.4
40.0
40.7
State
$1.60
1.60
1.59
1.59
1.60
1.62
1.58
1.60
1 03
1.60
1.60
1.61
1.59
1.61
1.60
$89.40
89.15
88.82
88.46
89.38
90. 62
88.14
90. 06
90 97
90.16
92. 86
95.18
96.80
93.45
97.04
40.1
39.9
40.4
40.0
40.1
40.1
41.1
41.5
40.3
41.1
40.1
41.4
41.7
41.7
41.8
Springfield
$1.74
1.74
1. 71
1.71
1.74
1.73
1.78
1.78
1.77
1.79
1.80
1.80
1.81
1.81
1.81
Virginia—Continued
N orfolk-P ortsmouth
38.7
39.1
39.3
38.8
39.2
39.4
29.0
39.5
39 9
3 9 .2
40.2
40.5
40.0
39.1
40.1
$2.31
2.28
2.26
2.28
2.28
2.30
2.26
2.28
2 28
2.30
2.31
2.35
2.42
2.39
2.42
$77.53
77.18
76. 50
76.32
74.22
77.35
76.46
76.12
79. 53
76. 08
79. 76
82. 74
84.15
83.35
85. 51
38.9
39.1
39.0
38.9
37.8
38.9
39.2
38.6
39.4
38.0
39.6
40.8
41.4
41.2
41.6
State
$1.99
1.97
1.96
1.96
1.96
1.99
1.95
1.97
2.02
2.00
2.01
2. 03
2.03
2.03
2. 06
$64.18
63.20
64.02
63.08
64.02
65. 50
65.90
66.99
67. 40
67.65
68.39
67. 54
67.70
68.21
70. 21
38.9
38.3
38.8
38.0
38.8
39.7
39.7
40.6
40.6
41.0
41.2
40.2
40.3
40.6
41.3
$1. 65
1.65
1.65
1.66
1.65
1.65
1.66
1.65
1.66
1.65
1.66
1.68
1.68
1.68
1.70
Washington
Richmond
$73.89
71.10
72.83
73.66
73.63
74. 56
74. 56
77.23
75.70
74. 56
76.92
76. 57
76. 70
75.33
76. 57
$2.08
2.08
2.08
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.10
2.09
2.11
2.09
2.11
2.11
2.11
2.12
2.13
Virginia
Burlington
State
$2.15
2.15
2.16
2.18
2.17
2.18
2.20
2.18
2.20
2.19
2.19
2. 21
2. 22
2.22
2. 27
40.3
39.7
40.8
40.1
40.1
40.7
40.8
40.8
41. 4
40.3
41.1
41.4
41.3
42.0
41.9
San Antonio
Vermont
Salt Lake City
1958: Jan u ary ... _________
February___ _______
M arch_____________
April______ _______
M ay______________
June______________
July_______________
August_____________
September_______ __
October____ _______
November__________
December__________
1959: January.. _________
February___________
March_____________
$97. 53
95.28
96.29
95.44
94. 64
97.68
97. 51
99.14
101.02
97.12
99.05
100.19
99. 53
102.48
102. 66
40.8
40.1
40.2
40.0
40.4
41.0
40.9
40.8
41.3
40.9
41.2
41.3
41.3
41.2
41.5
Utah
Houston
$2.27
2.29
2.31
2.31
2.34
2. 41
2.43
2. 45
2. 46
2.45
2.49
2. 51
2.49
2.48
2.48
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Texas
Memphis
$2.07
2.07
2.08
2.06
2.05
2.05
2.05
2.04
2.07
2.09
2.07
2.07
2.07
2. 05
2.04
Avg.
wkly.
hours
40.6
39.5
39.8
39.6
39.8
40.3
40.3
41.3
40.7
40.3
40.7
40.3
40.8
40.5
40.3
State
$1.82
1.80
1.83
1.86
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.87
1.86
1.85
1.89
1.90
1.88
1.86
1.90
$91.87
91.39
91.63
91.06
92. 02
92.11
92 64
94. Ï8
96. 92
99.10
98.78
99.18
96.64
96.26
98.03
38.6
38.4
38.5
38.1
38.5
38.7
38 6
38.6
39.4
39.8
39.2
39.2
38.5
38.2
38.9
Seattle
$2.38
2.38
2.38
2.39
2. 39
2.38
2 40
2.44
2. 46
2.49
2. 52
2.53
2. 51
2. 52
2. 52
$90. 86
89. 86
90.56
90. 01
90.86
89. 86
03 80
95! 69
95.94
99.15
99.29
99. 54
96.38
96. 38
95.88
38.5
38.4
38.7
38.3
38.5
38.4
38 0
38.9
39.0
39.5
39.4
39.5
38.4
38.4
38.2
Spokane
$2. 36
2. 34
2.34
2.35
2.36
2. 34
$95.73
96.72
99. 50
100.30
99.18
101. 71
38.6
39.0
39.8
39.8
39.2
40.2
$2.48
2.48
2.50
2. 52
2.53
2. 53
2.46
2. 46
2. 51
2. 52
2. 52
2. 51
2.51
2. 51
98. 56
103. 23
105.99
107. 30
103.75
97.24
102. 31
103.08
38.5
39.4
40.3
40.8
39.6
37.4
39.5
39.8
2. 56
2.62
2.63
2.63
2.62
2.60
2.59
2. 59
C.—EARNINGS AND HOURS
T able
727
C-7. Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, b y State and
selected areas 1—Continued
Y ear and m onth
Avg.
w kly.
earn
ings
Avg.
w kly.
hours
Avg.
h rly.
earn
ings
Avg.
w kly.
earn
ings
Avg.
w kly.
hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
w kly.
earn
ings
W ashington—Con.
F e b ru a ry ____________
M arch ___ ___________
A pril________
M a y ________ ______
J u n e _______________
J u ly .................................
A ugust...........................
Septem ber. ________
O ctober_____________
N ovem b er___ _____
D ecem ber.
_____
1959: J a n u a ry ____________
F ebruary ____________
M arch ______________
$88. 69
89.15
89.77
87.66
89.52
91.68
88.64
92.88
98.06
96.19
96.58
96.36
95.12
96.97
97.54
37.9
38.1
38.2
37.3
37.3
38.2
37.4
38.7
39.7
39.1
39.1
38.7
38.2
39.1
38.4
State
$2.34 $83.38
2.34
2.35
2.35
2.40
2. 40
2.37
2.40
2. 47
2. 46
2.47
2.49
2. 49
2.48
2.54
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Avg.
w kly.
earn
ings
Avg.
w kly.
hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
W est Virginia
Tacom a
1958: J a n u a ry _____________
Avg.
w kly.
hours
84.29
83.10
83.03
83.32
85.57
88.30
87.91
87. 69
87.85
90.00
91.18
90.40
90.94
92.59
37.9
37.8
37.6
37.4
37.7
38.2
38.9
38.9
38.8
38.7
39.3
39.3
38.8
39.2
39.4
2.23
2.21
2.22
2.21
2.24
2.27
2.26
2. 26
2.27
2.29
2.32
2.33
2.32
2.35
101.79
101.14
103.88
103.08
105.67
106.49
104.00
104.14
103.95
108.81
110.03
111.52
110.29
111.38
40.1
39.3
39.2
39.8
39.8
40.8
40.8
40.0
39.9
38.5
40.6
40.6
40.7
40.4
40.8
Avg.
w kly.
hours
Avg.
hrly.
earn
ings
Wisconsin
Charleston
$2.20 $ 103.86
Avg.
w kly.
earn
ings
W heeling-Steubenville
$2.59 $86.62
2.59
2.58
2. 61
2.59
2.59
2. 61
2.60
2.61
2.70
2.68
2.71
2.74
2.73
2. 73
88.18
89.75
90.27
88.50
92. 72
101.30
100.44
102.94
103.35
105.07
103.33
103.47
105.54
106.08
35.5
35.7
35.9
35.4
35.4
35.8
37.8
37.9
38.7
39.0
39.5
38.7
37.9
38.8
39.0
S tate
$2.44 $85.85
2.47
2.60
2.55
2.50
2.59
2.68
2.65
2.66
2. 65
2. 66
2. 67
2.73
2. 72
2.72
85.13
85.80
84.81
87.57
88.31
86.81
86. 79
87.11
89.11
90.01
93.02
93.08
90.84
95.47
39.7
39.5
39.7
39.3
40.1
40.5
41.3
40.6
40.7
40.9
40.6
41.3
41.2
40.4
41.8
$2.16
2.16
2.16
2.16
2.18
2.18
2.10
2.14
2.14
2.18
2.22
2.25
2.26
2.25
2.28
Wisconsin—Continued
1958: Ja n u ary ...
February..
M arch___
April____
M ay_____
June_____
July-------August__
September.
O ctober...
November.
December.
1959: Jan u ary ...
February..
M arch___
Wyoming
State
1958: Jan u ary ...
February..
M arch___
April.........
M ay____
June____
July-------August__
September.
O ctober...
November.
December.
1959: Jan u ary ...
February..
March___
$98.09
92.40
93.65
96.43
96.62
94. 77
94.09
94.89
94.13
89.72
92.97
94.60
96.32
89.28
91.37
40.2
38.5
38.7
39.2
39.6
39.0
39.7
40.9
40.4
39.7
39.9
40.6
39.8
37.2
37.6
Casper
$2.44 $115.20
2.40 111.04
2.42 114.40
2.46 116.64
2.44 118.61
2.43 118.49
2.37 113. 72
2.32 113. 72
2.33 118. 84
2.26 112.12
2.33 111. 04
2.33 112.22
2.42 117. 56
2.40 112.90
2.43 112.86
40.0
39.1
40.0
40.5
40.9
41.0
39.9
39.9
40.7
39.9
39.1
39.1
40.4
38.4
39.6
$2.88
2.84
2.86
2.88
2. 90
2.89
2.85
2.85
2.92
2.81
2.84
2. 87
2.91
2.94
2.85
1 These estimates are classified by industry according to the Standard
Industrial Classification M anual issued in 1957 by the Bureau of the Budget,
and are not comparable with data previously published. More detailed
industry data on the new classification system are available from the cooperat
ing State agencies listed in table A-5.
506747— 59— 8
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1 Not available.
3 Not strictly comparable with current data showm
4 Subarea of New York-Northeastem New Jersey.
5 The change to the 1957 Standard Industrial Classification has made i t
necessary to modify the time periods for which data are shown.
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
728
D.— Consumer and W holesale Prices
T able D - l.
Consumer Price Index ^ U n ite d States city average: All items and major groups of items
[1947-49 = 100]
Year and month
All items
Food
Housing
Transporta Medical care Personal care Reading and
recreation
tion
Apparel
Other goods
and services
1947: Average__________
1948: Average__________
1 0 4 9 - Average
.. ._
1950: Average__________
1951; Average
.. .......
1952: Average__________
lp.43- Average
. .
1954: Average__________
1955* Average__________
195fi: Average__________
1957* Average
........
1958: Average. .. -----------
95.5
102.8
101.8
102.8
111.0
113.5
114.4
114.8
114.5
116.2
120.2
123.5
95.9
104.1
100.0
101.2
112.6
114.6
112.8
112.6
110.9
111.7
115.4
120.3
95.0
101.7
103.3
106.1
112.4
114.6
117.7
119. 1
120.0
121.7
125 6
127.7
97.1
103.5
99.4
98.1
106.9
105.8
104.8
104.3
103.7
105.5
106.9
107.0
90.6
100. 9
108.5
111.3
118.4
126. 2
129.7
128.0
126.4
128.7
136.0
140.5
94.9
100.9
104.1
106.0
111. 1
117.2
121.3
125.2
128.0
132.6
138.0
144 6
97.6
101.3
101.1
101.1
110. 5
111.8
112.8
113.4
115.3
120.0
124.4
128 6
95.5
100. 4
104. 1
103. 4
106. 5
107.0
108.0
107. 0
106 6
108. 1
112.2
116. 7
96.1
100. 5
103. 4
105.2
109. 7
115. 4
118.2
120.1
120.2
122.0
125.5
127.2
1955: J a n u a ry _________
February
Marnh
April_____________
M ay_____________
.Tune
July----------------August___________
September________
October _________
November________
December________
114.3
114.3
114.3
114.2
114.2
114. 4
114.7
114. 5
114.9
114.9
115.0
114.7
110.6
110.8
110.8
111.2
111. 1
111.3
112.1
111.2
111.6
110.8
109.8
109.5
119.6
119. 6
119. 6
119. 5
119.4
119.7
119.9
120.0
120.4
120.8
120.9
120.8
103.3
103.4
103. 2
103. 1
103.3
103.2
103. 2
103.4
104.6
104.6
104.7
104.7
127.6
127.4
127.3
125.3
125.5
125.8
125. 4
125.4
125.3
126.6
128. 5
127.3
126. 5
126. 8
127 0
127 3
127. 5
127. 6
127. 9
128 0
128.2
128.7
129.8
130.2
113.7
113. 5
113.5
113 7
113.9
114. 7
115. 5
115 8
116. 6
117.0
117.5
117.9
106.9
106. 4
106 6
106. 6
106 5
106.2
106. 3
106. 3
106 7
106 7
106 8
106. 8
119.9
119.8
119.8
119.8
119.9
119.9
120.3
120. 4
120.6
120. 6
120.6
120.6
1956: January__________
February
March _________
A pril.........................
M ay..........................
June _ _________
Ju ly ..........................
A u g u st__________
September________
October _________
November________
December________
114.6
114.6
114.7
114.9
115. 4
116.2
117.0
116.8
117.1
117.7
117.8
118.0
109.2
108. 8
109.0
109.6
111.0
113.2
114.8
113.1
113.1
113. 1
112.9
112.9
120.6
120.7
120.7
120.8
120.9
121.4
121.8
122.2
122.5
122.8
123.0
123.5
104.1
104.6
104. 8
104.8
104.8
104.8
105.3
105. 5
106.5
106.8
107.0
107.0
126.8
126.9
126.7
126.4
127. 1
126.8
127.7
128. 5
128.6
132.6
133.2
133.1
130.7
130.9
131.4
131. 6
131.9
132.0
132.7
133.3
134. 0
134.1
134.5
134. 7
118. 5
118.9
119.2
119. 5
119. 6
119 9
120. 1
120. 3
120. 5
120. 8
121 4
121.8
107 3
107 5
107 7
108 2
108 2
107 6
107 7
107.9
108 4
108. 5
109 0
109. 3
120.8
120.9
121.2
121.4
121.5
121.8
122.2
122.1
122 7
123.0
123.2
123.3
1957: January__________
February_________
M arch. _________
A p r i l ____________
M ay_____________
June . __________
J u l v _____________
August___________
September________
October__________
November________
December________
118.2
118. 7
118.9
119.3
119.6
120.2
120.8
121.0
121.1
121.1
121.6
121.6
112.8
113.6
113.2
113.8
114.6
116.2
117. 4
117.9
117.0
116.4
116.0
116.1
123.8
124.5
124.9
125.2
125.3
125.5
125.5
125.7
126.3
126.6
126.8
127.0
106. 4
106.1
106.8
106. 5
106. 5
106.6
106.5
106. 6
107.3
107.7
107.9
107.6
133.6
134.4
135. 1
135. 5
135.3
135.3
135.8
135.9
135.9
135.8
140.0
138.9
135.3
135.5
136.4
136.9
137.3
137.9
138.4
138. 6
139 0
139. 7
140.3
140.8
122. 1
122. 6
122.9
123.3
123. 4
124.2
124. 7
124 9
125 1
126 2
126. 7
127.0
109.9
110 0
110. 5
111 8
111 4
111. 8
112 4
112 6
113 3
113 4
114. 4
114.6
123.8
124.0
124 2
124 2
124.3
124.6
126.6
126.7
126.7
126 8
126.8
126.8
1958: Ja n u a ry .......... ........
February_________
M arch___________
April_____________
M ay_____________
June_____________
Ju lv_____________
August.____ _____
September________
October_____ _____
November _______
December________
122.3
122.5
123.3
123.5
123.6
123.7
123.9
123. 7
123. 7
123.7
123.9
123.7
118.2
118. 7
120.8
121.6
121.6
121.6
121.7
120.7
120.3
119.7
119.4
118.7
127.1
127.3
127. 5
127. 7
127. 8
127.8
127.7
127.9
127.9
127.9
128.0
128.2
106.9
106.8
106.8
106.7
106.7
106.7
106.7
106.6
107. 1
107.3
107.7
107. 5
138.7
138.5
138. 7
138. 3
138. 7
138.9
140.3
141.0
141. 3
142.7
144.5
144.3
141.7
141.9
142.3
142. 7
143.7
144.2
145.0
145.3
146.5
147.1
147.4
147.6
127.8
128.0
128.3
128. 5
128. 5
128.6
128 9
128.9
128.7
128.8
129.1
129.0
116.6
116.6
117.0
117.0
116.6
116. 7
116. 6
116. 7
116 6
116.6
117.0
116.9
127.0
127.0
127.2
127.2
127.2
127.2
127.2
127.1
127.1
127.2
127.3
127.3
1959: January.. ......... ......
February_________
M arch___________
April________ ____
123.8
123.7
123.7
123.9
119.0
118.2
117.7
117.6
128.2
128.5
128. 7
128.7
106.7
106. 7
107.0
107.0
144.1
144.3
144.9
145.3
148.0
149.0
149.2
149.6
129.4
129.8
129.7
130.0
117.0
117.1
117.3
117.7
127.3
127.4
127.3
128.2
i The Consumer Price Index measures the average change In prices of goods
and services purchased by urban wage-earner and clerical-worker families.
Data for 46 large, medium-size, and small cities are combined for the United
States average.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
N o t e : For a description of this series, see Techniques of Preparing Major
BLS Statistical Series, BLS Bull. 1168 (1954).
Department of Labor, Bureau ofLabor Statistics.
D.—CONSUMER AND WHOLESALE PRICES
T able D -2.
729
Consumer Price Index *•—United States city average: Food, housing, apparel, transpor
tation, and their subgroups
[1947-49=100]
1959
1958
Annual
average
Group
Apr.
Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1958
1957
Food ' . ................................................ ...........
Food at home_______________ ______
Cereals and bakery products_____
Meats, poultry, and fish_________
Dairy products_________ __ ...
Fruits and vegetables:_______ ____
Other foods at home 41......................
117.6
115.3
134.1
111.5
112.9
123.6
104.7
117.7
115.5
134.1
111.3
113.8
120.7
107.3
118.2
116.1
133.8
112.6
114.0
121.2
108.1
119.0
117.1
133.9
113.8
114.1
121.7
109.9
118.7
116.8
134.0
113.0
114.3
120.1
110.7
119.4
117.6
134.0
113.5
114.5
121.1
112.6
119.7
118.0
133.9
114.6
114.5
121.0
113.2
120.3
118. 7
133.5
115.8
114.1
120.7
115.2
120.7
119.2
132.9
117.7
113.0
124. 9
112.8
121.7
120.5
132.9
119.2
112.4
131.9
111.8
121.6
120.4
132.9
118.3
111.7
134.3
110.9
121.6
120.5
132.8
116.6
111.8
137.4
111.5
121.6
120.5
132.7
115.9
112.5
136.6
112.4
120.3
118. 8
133.1
115.1
113. 5
127.1
112.4
115.4
113.8
130.5
105.2
111.8
118.6
112.9
Housing 4...................................................... .
R ent........................... .................. ...........
Gas and electricity..................................
Solid fuels and fuel oil______________
Housefurnishlngs.....................................
Household operation___________ ____
128.7
139.3
118.2
138.7
103.8
133.8
128.7
139.1
118.5
140. 3
103.8
133.7
128.5
139.0
118.5
140.0
103. 8
133.1
128.2
138.8
118.2
138.9
103.2
133.1
128.2
138.7
118.2
137.0
103.6
132.8
128.0
138. 4
118.1
135.8
103.5
132.6
127.9
138. 3
118.1
135.6
103.4
132.4
127.9
138.2
118.0
135. 2
103.6
132.2
127.9
138.1
117.6
133.6
103.3
132.1
127.7
137.8
117.0
132.3
104.0
131.2
127.8
137.7
116.9
131.7
104.1
131.1
127.8
137.5
116.5
131.6
104.0
130.9
127.7
137.3
116.0
134.2
104.0
130.9
127.7
137. 7
117.0
134.9
103.9
131.4
125.6
135.2
113.0
137.4
104.6
127.5
Apparel.................... ..................................... . 107.0
Men’s and boys’___________________ 108.0
Women’s end girls’________________
98.9
Footwear____ ____ ________ ______ 132.4
Other apparel
.................................... 91.9
107.0
107.8
99.0
132.0
91.8
106.7
107.8
98.8
131.3
91.7
106.7
108.0
98.7
130.8
91.7
107.5
108.4
100.2
130.4
92.3
107.7
108. 5
100.6
130.3
92.3
107.3
107.9
100.2
130. 1
91.8
107.1
108.3
99.6
130. 1
92.0
106.6
108.3
98.5
130.0
91.9
106.7
108.5
98.6
129.7
92.0
106.7
108. 8
98.5
129.8
91.9
106.7
108.9
98.4
129.7
92.1
106.7
109.1
98.2
129.8
91.9
107.0
108. 6
99.1
129.8
92.0
106.9
109.0
99.2
127.9
92.1
Transportation_______________________
Private___________ _______ _______
Public.......................................................
144.9
134.0
192.0
144.3
133.3
191.8
144.1
133.1
191.8
144.3
133.3
191.8
144.5
133.6
191.1
142.7
131.8
190.4
141.3
130.4
189.8
141.0
130.1
1S9. 5
140.3
129.3
189.5
138.9
128.0
187.7
138.7
128.0
186.1
138.3
127.6
186.1
140.5
129.7
188.0
136.0
125.8
178.8
145.3
134.4
192.6
1 See footnote 1, table D -l.
2 In addition to subgroup» shown here, total food Includes restaurant meals
and other food bought and eaten away from home.
* Includes eggs, fats and oils, sugar and sweets, beverages (nonalcoholic),
and other miscellaneous foods.
T able D -3.
4 In addition to subgroups shown here, total housing Includes the purchase
price of homes and other homeowner costs.
1 Includes yard goods, diapers, and miscellaneous items.
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Consumer Price Index 1—United States city average: Special groups of items
[1947-49=100]
Year and month
All com
modities
less food
Durable
commodi
ties 2
Nondura
ble com
modities
less food 2
96 3
103.2
100.6
101.2
110.3
111 7
111.3
110.2
109.0
110. 1
113.6
116.3
95.7
102.9
101.5
101.3
108.9
109.8
110.0
108.6
107.5
108.9
112.3
113.4
94.9
101.8
103.3
104.4
112.4
113.8
112.6
108.3
105.1
105.1
108.8
110.5
95.7
103.1
101.1
100. 9
108.5
109.1
110.1
110.6
110.6
113.0
116.1
116.9
94.5
100.4
105.1
108.5
114.1
119.3
124.2
127.5
129.8
132.6
137.7
142.4
94.7
100.1
105.2
108.1
114.6
120.1
124.6
127.7
130.1
133.0
138.6
143.8
121.2
121.3
121.4
121.6
121.4
121. 5
121.5
121.7
121.5
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.8
116.4
116.4
116.4
116.6
116.3
112.8
112.9
112.9
113.1
113.2
113. 5
113.9
114.5
114.4
109.6
109.7
109.6
109 8
109.9
110.3
111.2
112.8
112.9
116.6
116.5
116.7
116.9
116.9
117.2
117.2
117.1
117.0
142.1
142.3
142.3
142.6
143.0
143.0
143.1
143.4
143.5
143.5
143.8
143.8
144.1
144.4
144.4
144.5
144.8
145.0
121.5
121.4
121.4
121.5
116.2
116.0
115.9
115.9
114.0
114.2
114.4
114.5
112.4
112.2
112.5
112.6
116.7
117.1
117.4
117.5
143.9
144.2
144.4
144.8
145. 4
145. 7
145.9
146.4
All items
less food
All Items
less shelter
Average-.................................................................... .
Average ________ ______ _______ ____________
Average_________ __________________________
Average_______ ______ __________ _________
Average___________________________________
Average______ _________________ ____ _______
Average _________ _________ __________ ____
Average- _____________ _____ ____ _________
Average ..................... ............. ...................................
Average ....................................... ...... .....................
Average- ______ _________ __________________
Average____________________________________
95.1
101.9
103. 0
104.2
110.8
113.5
115.7
116.4
116.7
118.8
122.8
125. 5
95.6
103 1
101.3
102.0
110.5
112. 7
113.1
113.0
112.4
114.0
117.8
121.2
1958: April......... ............................................................. .
M a y ... ________________________________ -_
June___ _____________ _____________________
Ju ly ----------- ------------------------------------------------A u g u st........................................................................
September....................................................................
October___ ______________________ _________
November__________________________________
December__________________________ ________
125.0
125.1
125.2
125. 4
125. 6
125. 8
126.0
126.5
126.5
1959: January.......................... .................. ................. ........
February__________ ________ _______ ________
M arch______________ ______________________
April.........................................................................
126.4
126.7
126.9
127.1
1947:
1948:
1949:
1950:
1951:
1952:
1953:
1954:
1955:
1956:
1957:
1958:
1 See footnote 1 and Note, table D-l.
2 Includes household appliances, furniture and bedding, floor coverings,
dinnerware, automobiles, tires, radio and television sets, durable toys, sport
ing goods, and from 1953 forward, water heaters, kitchen sinks, sink faucets,
and porch flooring.
2Includes solid fuels, fuel oil, textile housefurnlshings, household paper,
electric light bulbs, laundry soap and detergents, apparel (except shoe re
pairs), gasoline, motor oil, prescriptions and drugs, toilet goods, nondurable
toys, newspapers, cigarettes, cigars, beer, whiskey, and from 1953 forward,
house paint and paint brush.
4 Includes rent, gas, electricity, dry cleaning, laundry service, domestic
service, telephone, water, postage, shoe repairs, auto repairs, auto insurance,
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
All com
modities
All
All services
services 4 less rent *
auto registration, transit fares, railroad fares, professional medical services,
hospital services, group hospitalization, barber and beauty shop services,
television repairs, motion picture admissions, and from 1953 forward, home
purchase, real estate taxes, mortgage Interest, property insurance, repainting
garage, repainting rooms, reshingling roof, and reflnishing floors.
1 Formerly all services less shelter for 1953 and later years; for definition of
services, see footnote 4.
N ote : Indexes from 1953 forward have been revised to reflect the distribu
tion of shelter items, formerly Included in "all services and shelter” now en
titled “all services,” among the appropriate commodity and service classi
fications.
S ource: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
730
T able D -4.
Consumer Price Index 1—United States city average: Retail prices and indexes of selected
foods
Indexes (1947-49-100 unless otherwise specified)
Commodity
Average
orice,2
Apr.
1959
Cereals and bakery products: U n it Cents
Flour, wheat____________ 5 lb-- 54.9
Biscuit m ix 4___________ 20 oz_. 26.8
12.9
Corn meal________________ lb.
18.5
Bice .................................— lb ..
20.4
Rolled o a ts____ ________ 18 oz__
Com flakes_____________12 oz__ 25.6
B r e a d ___________________ lb-- 19.6
Soda crackers4____________ lb .. 29.2
Vanilla cookies__________ 7 oz._ 24.4
Meats, poultry, and fish:
Beef and veal_______________
Round steak__________ lb_. 107.7
Chuck roast___________ lb .. 64.8
Rib roast..------------------ lb .. 82.9
Hamburger....................... lb .. 55.0
Veal cutlets........... ........... lb— 141.5
Pork chops, center c u t..- lb ..
Bacon, sliced----- ----------lb ..
Ham, w hole.................... lb ..
Lamb, leg ...........................-lb—
Other meats:
Frankfurters4.................l b ..
Luncheon m eat4..12-oz can..
84.0
68.4
63.1
75.2
64.8
51.5
42.7
Apr.
Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.8 Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1958
1957
113.8
96.0
115.1
98.2
138.4
151.1
147.6
113.8
126.1
113.8
95.9
115.1
98.1
138.4
151.1
147.4
113.9
126.4
113.8
95.8
115.1
98.1
138.4
151.1
146.8
113.4
126.3
114.0
96.0
114.9
98.2
138.2
151.1
147.0
113.7
126.2
113.9 113.6
95.9
96.0
115.2 116.1
97.7
98.1
138.4 138.4
151.0 150.9
147.1 147.2
113.8 113.8
126.3 126.6
113.4
95.9
116.6
97.7
138.3
150.5
147.1
113.8
126.6
113.6
95.9
116.6
98.0
138.0
150.2
146.1
114.0
126.6
114.0
95.7
116.3
98.1
138.0
150.0
144.6
113.6
126.5
114.6
95.8
115.7
97.6
138.0
149.7
144.5
113.8
126.5
114.9
95.8
115.6
97.5
138.0
149.7
144.4
113.6
126.5
115.4
96.0
155.5
96.8
137.9
149.4
144.0
113.7
126.7
115.4
95.9
115.4
96.3
137.9
149.0
143.8
113.6
126.8
114.4
95.9
115.6
97.1
137.9
149.4
145.0
113.7
126.9
113.4
95.8
113.3
93.5
134.9
136.1
141.0
112.4
127.3
117.3
123.6
130.5
116.8
124.3
113.1
152.3
102.6
115.4
93.6
96.5
109.2
116.7
123.5
129.8
117.6
123.2
113. 5
151.3
101.4
112.2
92.3
97.4
107.1
118.3
124.0
129.8
118.0
123.5
114.5
153.3
104.4
116.5
95.0
99.3
107.4
120.2
123.0
129.3
116.0
123.8
114.3
149.7
108.7
121.9
98.6
103.3
109.6
119.9
121.0
127.0
114.4
121.8
112.5
146.9
109.4
122.5
99.6
103.6
112.3
120.0
120.5
126.9
113.1
121.6
112.0
146.2
110.2
124.8
101.2
101.6
112.6
121.4
120.2
126.4
112.9
121.3
111.7
146.0
113.7
126.9
107.9
102.0
112.4
122.5 124.3
119.5 119.8
125.4 125.8
112.6 113.0
122.2 122.4
110.8 110.9
145.9 145.1
116.8 120.3
128.6 130.1
113. 7 118.2
102.8 106.7
111.9 111.6
125.4
122.3
128.5
117.4
124.3
112.6
144.7
120.7
132.2
116.5
107.1
113.1
124.2
122.6
128.8
118.2
124.5
112.3
145.3
118.3
131.8
112.4
106.1
112.6
122.0
121.7
128.4
116.9
124.5
110.9
144.3
115.0
125.4
110.4
104.7
111.8
121.5
121.5
128.4
118.5
123.9
109.1
143.1
114.7
125.3
109.2
105.5
113.4
121.0 108.7
119.6 102.8
126.3 113.7
114.1
95.0
122. 4 111.0
108.8
86.6
143.9 127.9
114.4 107.3
126.2 119.1
108. 7 101.5
104.2
97.4
112.3 103.5
106.5
106.4
71.7
106.7
107.1
73.2
107.2
107.6
73.1
107.9
109.5
72.1
108.4
110.2
69.0
107.9
109.7
71.7
108.4
108.7
71.6
108.7
106.7
74.1
110.1
105.1
77.6
109.6
104.2
81.5
108.6
103.4
81.9
106.5
101.6
81.7
105.2
99.7
80.1
106.3
103.6
77.5
93.1
93.1
78.4
120.5
126.3
120.9
126.9
121.0
126.3
119.9
123.9
119.6
123.1
119.0
122.0
118.2
121.1
117.8
120.1
117.6
119.9
117.1
119.4
117.6
120.4
117.6
120.4
ÎÏ7.6
120.0
109.9
107.6
126.7
126.8
127.8
128. Ó 128.4
129.0
129.8
131.7
131.5
131.3
131.3
131.2
130.4
130.1
96.6
96.7
97.5
97.9
98.2
98.0
96.6
96.2
95.9
95.3
95.2
95.3
96.1
93.3
120.7
120.9
120.8
121.3
121.7
121.2
120.7
119.1
118.2
117.0
117.1
118.3
119.8
117.6
124.3
124.6
125.1
125.7
126.1
126.0
125.4
123.9
122.6
121.6
121.7
122.4
124.4
122.1
98.5
94.1
109.3
111.6
98.3
94.3
109.5
111.5
97.9
94.5
109.6
111.4
98.2
94.1
109.3
111.3
98.3
94.2
109.2
111.1
98.4
94.6
109.3
111.3
98.4
94.4
109.1
111.2
98.4
93.0
109.2
111.1
98.0
93.0
109.4
111.2
98.3
93.0
109.6
111.1
98.3
93.1
109.5
110.9
98.4
93.5
109.9
111.1
98.3
93.9
109.5
111.0
97.4
94.0
109.3
107.2
113.6
81.2
135.9
102.4
104.4
119.7
122.0
104.8
132.2
101.8
115.1
(')
(8)
114.6 119.1
81.6
82.2
138.3 149.1
102.1 102.7
104.7 105.0
120.6 121.1
116.6 113.3
106.0 106.9
132.7 139.2
103.1 105.1
117.0 122.7
(9)
<•>
(8)
(9)
(»)
(*)
(8)
(9)
102.6 102.3
125.0 123.7
137.9 126.6
113.7 116.2
136.4 116.4
94.9 103.8
143.3 148.9
114.7 125.6
146.3 141.1
116.0 115.6
150.6 149.0
114.8 113.8
116.0 115.5
106.9 106.5
111.8 110.1
98.6
99.4
108.9 110.1
103.3 103.2
124.0 123.5
162.6 161.0
90.7
91.0
122.4
82.3
157.5
102.4
105.3
118.5
109.3
110.8
151.6
101.8
125.4
122.6
81.9
157.9
102.2
105.7
120.3
103.2
114.2
179.2
100.5
138.0
(»)
(•)
(9)
(»)
95.3
114.0
107.4
108.4
114.2
98.6
99.5
99.8
104.3
114.6
146.6
111.4
114.1
104.7
108.1
100.1
111.2
102.9
121.9
151.9
94.1
122.2
81.1
157.5
101.9
105.6
120.5
108.2
113.3
189.5
99.3
(9)
(9)
(9)
94.9
(9)
93.3
111.5
105.5
110.1
126.8
90.2
101.8
76.4
104.2
114.1
144.3
110.2
113.1
103.5
106.8
100.2
113.3
102.9
121.5
144.5
97.9
122.4
81.3
157.7
101.3
106.6
120.5
127.1
106.1
189.3
97. 6
(9)
92.6
(")
79.9
(#)
98.7
122.7
106.4
114.8
110.9
96.5
101.3
65.2
90.9
113.2
139.8
109.2
112.9
102.3
105.6
100.1
115.0
102.9
121.4
138.6
101.3
121.8
81.9
156.8
100.6
106.4
127.7
(')
118.3
174.2
96.6
(»)
89.5
(9)
88.5
54.9
111.7
166.6
111.2
119.7
103.2
97.3
101.3
69.3
80.2
112.4
132.8
108.2
112.4
101.4
104.8
100.2
119.8
102.8
120.4
137.8
100.3
121.0
82.0
155.2
100.2
106.3
139.5
(s)
103.2
173.8
97.1
(9)
104.1
(9)
110.9
69.6
127.4
165.2
119.9
118.0
111.6
116.4
111.0
94.2
94.3
111.5
125.5
108.0
112.3
101.2
104.1
99.6
123.7
102.5
119.6
137.5
99.3
119.8
82.4
152.2
99.8
106.4
144.0
193.3
104.2
165.4
98.9
(9)
(9)
76.7
(9)
101.6
128.7
159.5
123.0
113.9
106.4
127.1
126.3
101.7
93.9
110.6
121.1
107.6
112.1
100.9
103. 7
99.5
124.2
102.2
118.5
137.0
97.9
116.2
82.6
143.2
99.5
106.6
150.0
157.7
103.8
160.9
102.9
149.3
(9)
95.2
(#)
(9)
144.1
158.4
132.9
108.4
145.8
147.0
152.3
157.8
125.0
109.5
117.5
107.9
111.8
100.8
104.0
99.4
121.0
101.7
117.3
137.2
95.9
115.5
82.5
141.5
99.5
106.4
149.3
133.3
98.3
169.0
101.8
130.5
(9)
(9)
(9)
(«1
155.9
152.9
159. 7
106.2
135. 5
132.4
160.9
163.8
136. 3
108.6
114.4
108.4
111.7
100.7
103.7
99.7
118.2
101.8
116.4
137.0
94.8
117.9
81.9
147.3
100.7
105. 5
132.6
«128. 6
107.4
165.0
100.4
»128.6
» 95. 4
4986. 0
1993. 6
13 75. 4
118.3
140.8
117.7
115.7
121.1
110.7
129.8
114.2
110. 5
110.8
126.8
109.2
112.4
101.9
105.1
100. 1
115.3
102.4
118.2
140.6
95.3
97.8
82.1
99.4
100.9
99.2
123.7
»140.8
107.7
126.2
103.0
"111.3
»109.9
1»80. 7
1» 90. 6
43 87. 5
107.9
131.0
111.9
117.1
121.9
104.1
125.9
105.1
117.7
106.3
113.2
110.4
110.2
100.3
102.2
102.1
103.4
102.6
111. 5
140.3
85.2
120.8
126.8
47.9
Haddock fill At, frozen
lb _ 60.6
Salmon, pink_____ 16-oz. can.. 61.1 127.2
Tuna fish, chunk 4
96.5
6-6H-oz. can.. 33.5
Dairy products:
119.1
Milk, fresh, grocery----------------Homogenized, with vitamin D
odd^d
___ a t__
23.7
122.8
M ilk, fresh, delivered--------------Homogenized, with vitamin D
24.9
98.5
Ice cream 4_______________ P t— 29.7
94.1
B utter_______________ ____lb .. 74.4
Cheese, American process---- lb .. 58.0 109.3
Milk evaporated— 14^-oz. can.. 15.2 111.6
All fruits and vegetables:
113.4
Frozen fruit** and vegetables *___
81.3
Strawberries 4_________ 10 oz._ 26.1
Orange juice concentrate 4.6 oz.. 24.8 135.1
Peas, green 4__________ 10 oz__ 20.0 102.6
Beans, green 4 -------------- 9 oz.. 22.8 104.4
124.1
Fresh fruits and vegetables_____
Apples_________________ lb .. 14.9 131.1
Bananas________________lb .. 16.3 101.1
62.1 134.3
Oranges_______________ doz.
18.7 101.3
Lemons 9______________ lb ..
Grapefruit840................... each.. 11.8 117.3
m
Peaches818____ ____ - ........lb-(»)
99.8
Strawberries 814-------------- p t— 34.7
Grapes, seedless 812----------- lb..
(8)
(9)
Watermelons 819........ ..........lb— («)
m
Potatoes---- ------- ---------10 lb._ 55.8 105.0
Sweet potatoes__________ lb.. 14.1 125.4
16.9 199.2
Onions____ ______ ____--lb..
Carrots_________________ lb.- 14.1 111.4
Lettuce _ __________ head.. 15.5 108.5
84.7
Celery 19________________ lb — 12.3
Cabbage.... ...........................lb— 8.9 129.8
Tomatoes 4______________lb— 32.3 115.0
Beans, green____________ lb— 29.8 140.6
116.9
Orange juice4_____ 46-oz. can.. 47.9 153.0
Peaches.....................#2*4 can.. 36.4 116.2
36.1 116.7
Pineapple__________ #2 can..
F ruit cocktail4_____ #303 can.. 27.9 107.6
Corn, cream style___#303 can.. 19.4 114.6
98.8
Peas, green________ #303 can.. 20.8
15.6 107.7
Tomatoes.............. .#303 can..
Baby foods 4_______ 4*4-5 oz.. 10.1 103.5
125.2
Prunes _______________lb .. 39.9 165.0
1
17.3
91.2
Dried beans......................... lb „
See footnotes at end of table.
"Fish
_________________
fresh or frozen_________
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Annual
average
1958
1959
m
m
99.5
126.5
185.1
112.9
116.8
88.9
136.3
114.2
127.3
116.4
151.3
115.5
116.4
107.4
113.3
98.5
108.8
103.3
124.7
164.2
91.0
(9)
(»)
(»)
97.5
118.5
111.1
111.0
126. 6
103.1
112.0
109.0
105.3
115.0
147.4
112.0
114.7
105.7
109.0
99.9
110.8
103.1
123.2
157.6
92.7
731
D._CONSUMER AND WHOLESALE PRICES
T able D-4.
Consumer Price Index ^ U n ite d States city average: Retail prices and indexes of selected
foods—Continued
Indexes (1947-49=100, unless otherwise specified)
Aver
age
price,s
Apr.
1959
Commodity
Other foods at home:
Partially prepared foods:
U nit
Soup, tomato *___ 11-oz. can..
Beans with pork *...16-oz, can ..
Condiments and sauces:
Pickles, sliced 4. ............... 15 oz—
Catsup, tomato 4_______14 oz_.
Beverages........................................
Coffee...................— ..............—
Tea bags 4_____ package of 16..
Cola drink 4____ carton, 36 oz._
Fats and oils____________
Shortening, hydrogenated
3-lb. can..
Margarine, colored...............lb ..
Lard...................................... lb ..
Salad dressing ...........
p t~
Peanut butter 4................... -lb_Sugar and sweets...........................
Sugar________________ 5 lbs._
Com syrup 4.......
24 oz..
Orape jelly 4___________12 oz_.
Chocolate b a r 4............... ..1 oz..
Eggs, grade A, large....... ......doz..
Miscellaneous foods:
Gelatin, flavored4_____ 3-4 oz..
Annual
average
1958
1959
Apr.
Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.2 Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1958
1957
100.5
106.7
100.0
106.9
99.7
106.8
99.5
106.8
99.2
106.9
99.1
107.1
99.3
107.3
99.3
106.7
99.9
106.5
100.5
106.5
100.3
106.4
100.4
106.7
100.3
106.6
99.8
106.5
99.0
103.9
99.7
99.9
164.4
141.7
124.9
130.1
82.3
99.5
99.7
165.4
143.6
125.0
128.9
82.8
99.6
99.7
165.0
145.0
125.0
125.1
83.7
100.2
99.4
168.9
150.2
125.0
125.4
84.9
99.8
99.3
171.4
153.9
124.9
125.2
85.4
99.5
98.8
173.8
157.8
124.4
124.4
85.4
99.5
98.7
174.1
158.4
124.7
123.8
85.5
99.6
97.9
174.7
159.2
124.5
123.8
85.6
99.9
97.2
178.2
164.4
124.4
123.1
85.8
99.8
96.9
179.9
167.3
124.5
121.9
85.8
99.9
96.4
180.9
168.9
124.3
121.7
85.9
100.0
96.1
181.2
169.9
124.2
120.7
86.2
100.6
96.4
182.5
171.6
124.2
120.8
86.2
100.0
97.5
179.1
166.2
124.3
122.2
85.8
100.0
99.2
192.7
187.4
122.9
118.1
86.8
56.7
26.4
28.3
5.1
48.0
84.4
73.5
75.3
100.9
114.0
120.1
118.1
112.7
118.1
114.0
68.9
84.9
74.4
76.3
100.8
114.0
120.2
118.5
112.6
117.4
114.2
77.5
85.6
75.7
78.6
100.6
114.4
120.1
118.4
112.5
117.4
114.2
80.0
87.8
76.0
81.7
100.6
114.6
120.1
118.4
112.2
117.4
114.1
83.3
88.4
76.2
83.4
100.9
115.4
120.0
118.4
112.1
116.6
114.3
84.4
82.2
76.0
84.3
100.8
115.7
120.0
118.3
111.9
116.4
114.2
89.9
88.1
76.1
84.7
100.8
115.7
120.0
118.4
111. 5
116.8
114.4
91.4
88.2
76.3
85.2
100.7
115.9
119.9
118.3
111.3
116.4
114.3
98.5
89.2
76.2
84.4
100.9
115.4
119.8
118.4
110.9
116.3
114.2
87.2
89.9
76.5
83.3
100.7
113.7
119.6
118.1
110.7
116.2
114.2
82.5
89.9
77.3
83.1
100.8
112.5
119.2
117.6
110.5
115.9
113.8
78.9
90.9
77.7
82.7
101.0
111.5
118.4
116.2
110.2
115. 7
113.2
81.1
89.7
91.0
77.0
78.0
83.4
82.6
100.6 100.8
111.0 113.2
117.1 117.9
115.9 117.2
109.7 110.2
115.9 116.1
109.6 110.3
84. 5 86.5
93.1
78.5
83.8
99.2
109.8
112.8
114.6
106.0
114.5
100.4
82.2
9.2
107.4
107.3
106.9
106.4
105. 7
104.7
104.3
104.4
104.4
104.4
104.6
104.3
104.1
104.4
103.0
Cents
12.6
15.1
26.6
22.7
09)
24.1
29.4
28.0
20.4
37.9
55.9
1 See footnote 1 and Note, table D -l.
2 Based on prices in the 46 cities used in compiling the Consumer Price
Index. Average prices for each of the 20 large cities listed in table D-5 are
available upon request.
2 Prices collected 1 week earlier than the usual week containing the 15th.
4 December 1952=100.
»Not available.
410 months’ average.
211 months’ average,
s May 1953=100.
® Priced only in season.
10 January 1953=100.
” 7 months' average.
T able D -5.
12 July 1953=100.
12 3 months’ average.
44 April 1953=100.
122 months’ average,
i* 4 months’ average,
it 5 months’ average.
is June 1953=100.
, , ,
1» Price of 1-lb. can, 78.1 cents. Price of 1-lb. bag, 61.5 cents (priced only in.
chain stores and large supermarkets).
N ote : M arch average prices available upon request.
So
u r c e
:
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Consumer Price Index 1—All items indexes, by city
[1947-49=1001
Annual average
1958
1959
City
United States city average J.
Atlanta, Ga -----------------Baltimore, M d—................
Boston, Mass----------------Chicago, 111-------------------Cincinnati, Ohio------------Cleveland, Ohio.................Detroit, Mich ----------------Houston, Tex. --------------Kansas City, Mo ________
Los Angeles, Calif________
Minneapolis, M inn ______
New York, N.Y -------------Philadelphia, Pa ________
Pittsburgh, Pa --------------Portland, Oreg.......... ...........
St. Louis, M o ---------------San Francisco, Calif........ .
Scranton, P a .. ------ --------Seattle, Wash _____ ___ _
Washington, D .C ............... .
Apr.
Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
123.9
123.7
123.7
123.8
123.7
123.9
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.9
123.7
123.6
123.5
0
(3)
125. 1
127.4
(3)
(3)
123.5
(3)
125.5
126.6
125.1
122.0
123.6
124.5
125.3
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
124.3
126.4
(3)
127.2
122.2
(3)
123.2
(3)
(3)
126.6
(3)
121.7
123.4
(3)
(3)
126.0
129.0
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
127.1
(3)
124.8
123.3
124.1
(3)
126.7
(3)
121.7
123.3
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
120.3
126.9
121.3
(3)
(3)
125.4
127.1
(3)
(3)
123.3
(3)
124.5
126.5
125.3
121.8
123.4
124.4
124.2
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
124.4
125.5
(3)
127.0
122.4
(3)
123.3
(3)
(*)
126.5
(3)
121.3
123.5
(3)
(3)
125. 7
127.9
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
127.4
(3)
124.5
123.4
124.2
(3)
126.5
(3)
121.7
123.5
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
120.7
126.0
121.5
1 See footnote 1 and Note, table D -l.
Indexes measure time-to-time
changes In prices of goods and services purchased by urban wage-earner and
clerical-worker families. They do not indicate whether it costs more to live
in one city than in another.
¡Average of 46 cities.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
(3)
(3)
125.4
127.3
(3)
(3)
123.3
(3)
124. 9
125.9
124.5
121. 5
123.3
124.5
124.5
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
124.6
124.8
(3)
127.4
122.5
(3)
123.8
(3)
(3)
126. 0
(3)
121.4
123.4
(3)
(3)
125.3
128.4
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
126.9
(3)
125.1
123. 7
124.0
(3)
125.5
(3)
121.1
123.4
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
120.4
126.3
121.2
(3)
(3)
125.4
127.6
(3)
(3)
124.3
(3)
124.8
125.7
124.9
121.1
123.3
124.7
124.7
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
124.9
124.8
(3)
127.5
122.7
(3)
124.2
(3)
(3)
125.5
(3)
121.0
123.0
(3)
0
124.5
128.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
127.0
0
125.0
124.3
123.7
0
125.2
0
121.1
122.9
0
0
0
0
120.7
126.1
121.3
0
0
124.5
127.0
0
0
124.4
0
123.7
125. 6
124.1
121.2
122.9
123.8
125.0
0
0
0
0
0
1958
1957
123.5
120.2
124.5
124.5
124.8
127.0
122.3
124.8
123.9
123.6
124.1
125.4
124.3
121.1
123.1
124.0
124.4
124.7
127.5
120.2
125.8
121.1
121.4
121.0
121.2
123.3
119.6
122.1
122.2
121. 5
121.1
121.2
121.1
117.6
120.8
120.2
121.7
121.2
123.1
116.9
123.1
118.3
a indexes are computed monthly for 5 cities and once every 3 months on a
rotating cycle for 15 other cities.
Source * U S Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
732
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T able
D-6.
Consumer Price Index 1—Food and its subgroups, by city
[1947-49=100]
Food at home
Total food*
City
Total food at home
Apr.
1959
Mar.
1959
Apr.
1958
Apr.
1959
Mar.
1959
Cereals and bakery products
Apr.
1958
Apr.
1959
Mar.
1959
Meats, poultry, and fish
Apr.
1958
Apr.
1959
Mar.
1959
Apr.
1958
sr
"«:3
United States city average 7„ .
117.6
117.7
121.6
115.3
115.5
120.5
134.1
134.1
132.7
111.5
111.3
Atlanta, Ga..... .........................
Baltimore, M d..... ........... ......
Boston, M ass..____ _______
Chicago, 111____ ____ _____ _
Cincinnati, Ohio___________
115.7
117.3
117.3
115.2
118.1
114.9
117.2
118.3
115.4
117.8
119.4
122.5
120.4
118.4
123.3
114.1
113.9
113.9
112.5
115.4
113.4
113.9
115.1
112.7
115.0
119.2
120.0
119.0
116.5
122.0
125.5
128.6
132.4
129.5
133.4
125.8
128.3
132.2
129.6
133.5
126.3
128.4
131.0
124.4
132.5
114.5
111.8
112.7
104.8
110.6
113.0
110.8
113.4
104.3
110.0
11975
115.2
114.2
108.3
117.2
Cleveland, Ohio.....................
Detroit, Mich___ ________
Houston, Tex...........................
Kansas City, M o_________
Los Angeles, Calif...................
114.3
117.2
114.7
111.6
123.1
114.2
117.0
115.6
111.6
123.4
118.5
123.1
118.2
115.5
125.2
111.8
114.7
112.7
108.7
118.7
111.7
114.5
113.8
108.8
119.2
117.0
121.6
116.8
114.1
122.3
128.9
125.2
125.7
127.2
146.1
129.3
124.8
125.8
127.2
146.0
130.1
125.6
126.6
127.6
141.3
105.6
107.6
106.7
105.3
111.1
104.3
107.0
107.7
104.7
110.8
110.9
113.1
110.7
112.3
116.4
Minneapolis, M inn..............
New York, N .Y _________
Philadelphia, P a___________
Pittsburgh, P a ____________
Portland, Oreg_____________
118.1
119.5
120.2
118.7
119.2
(4)
119.3
120.4
118.8
119.4
120.0
122.1
123.4
122.7
121.2
115.0
116.8
117.3
116.9
116.9
(4)
116.9
117.6
117.4
117.4
119.1
120.5
121.4
121.7
120.4
134.5
141.6
138.7
132.9
140.4
(0
142.4
138.7
133.0
140.3
134.3
137.7
133.8
130.7
135.3
107.6
113.8
113.8
110.6
114.4
(4)
114.8
112.4
110.5
114.9
109.3
116.6
116.5
114.1
117.0
St. Louis, Mo____________
San Francisco, Calif_______
Scranton, P a ........... ............
Seattle, Wash____________
Washington, D.O_________
118.7
122.2
114. 4
120.2
118.5
118.7
122.8
114.8
119.6
118.9
122.1
124.1
119.7
122.5
123.2
114.0
120.1
113.7
118.4
115.8
114.0
120.9
114.2
117.9
116.3
118.9
123.1
120.1
122.6
122.0
124.5
147.2
135.9
146.7
132.2
124.8
147.3
136.0
145.6
132.0
125.5
141.0
135.3
142.0
132.1
106.4
116.2
112.6
113.7
112.2
106.8
115.8
111.4
112.4
112.6
113.2
120.4
116.8
116.7
115.5
*'■ 115.9
Food at home—Continued
City
Dairy products
Apr.
1959
Mar.
1959
Fruits and vegetables
Apr.
1958
Apr.
1959
Mar.
1959
Other foods at home 5
Apr.
1958
Apr.
1959
Mar.
1959
Apr.
1958
United States city average *.
112.9
113.8
112.5
123.6
120.7
136.6
104.7
107.3
112.4
Atlanta, Q a..........................
Baltimore, M d......................
Boston, Mass____________
Chicago, 111............................
Cincinnati, Ohio_________
113.8
116.9
110.9
113.4
112.4
114.0
117.2
135.6
113.3
112.5
113.9
117.3
113.9
111.1
116.0
125. 7
116.6
117.8
121.0
124.1
121.8
113.6
117.2
119.1
120.1
137.7
132.0
133. 5
132.0
136.7
99.7
103.4
100.8
105.7
113.2
107.9
117.6
116.3
Cleveland, Ohio....................
Detroit, Mich____________
Houston, T e x ......................
Kansas City, M o_________
Los Angeles, Calif................
110.3
108.1
113.5
107.9
110.9
110.4
108.4
113.7
108.0
110.8
107.7
110.2
112.6
98.7
108.5
115.4
133.8
125. 8
115.5
133.7
114.4
129.6
124.8
112.8
133.4
127.3
148. 6
131.7
129.0
142.2
108.0
104.4
102.4
97.2
106.6
Minneapolis, M inn_______
New York, N .Y ........... ......
Philadelphia, P a_________
Pittsburgh, P a___________
Portland, Oreg___________
104.8
115.1
116.2
114. 5
117.3
(4)
117.7
118. 4
117.2
117.3
104.7
114.0
115.6
114.5
117.0
132.2
120.6
123.5
121.3
119.2
(4)
113.3
122.1
118.4
118.9
141.9
132.0
135. 4
136.2
128.2
110.3
105.1
103.1
114.4
106.3
St. Louis, Mo_____ ______
San Francisco, Calif.............
Scranton, P a____ ________
Seattle, W ash,....... ..............
Washington, D.O.................
105.6
115. 4
110. 5
116.0
117.5
105.8
116.9
113.2
115.4
117.7
101.6
113.9
110.8
118.5
118.0
132.1
132.3
115.1
128.4
119.2
127.0
131. 6
113.3
126.4
117.5
140.3
139.9
133.4
140.1
136.2
111.5
105.3
101.4
103.7
105.6
1 See footnote 1, table D -l.
8 See footnote 2, table D-2.
8 Average of 46 cities.
4Insufficient data, owing to work stoppage in food stores.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
101.0
108.8
108.0
106. 5
102.3
111.9
110.0
110.3
107.1
106.2
100.6
109.3
(4)
107.7
105.7
116.9
107.8
114.3
108.4
104.3
105.5
108.1
8 See footnotes, table D-2.
S ource : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
115.9
114.3
110.5
106.4
112.8
119.5
111.8
111.9
121.8
113.5
119.5
110.8
110.7
109.4
114.3
733
D.—CONSUMER AND WHOLESALE PRICES
T able D -7.
Indexes of wholesale prices, by major groups
95.3
98.2
96 4 100.0
1947:A verage.
104 4 107. 3 106. 1 103.4
1948: Average
101.3
95.7
92.8
99 2
1949: Average.
1950: Average 103 1 97. 5 99 8 105.0
114 8 113.4 111. 4 115.9
1951: Average
113.2
111 6 107. 0 108.8
1952;A verage
110 1 97.0 104 6 114.0
1953:A verage
114.5
n o 3 95.6 105.3
1954:A verage
117.0
110 7 89. 6 101.7
1955: A verage
122.2
1956: Average 114 3 88. 4 101.7
125 6
117 0
90 9 105.6
1957'Averaee
1958:Average- 8 119.2 8 94.9 8110.9 8 126.0
1955:
January__
February..
March.......
April.........
M ay..........
June_____
Ju ly_____
August__
September
O ctober...
Novemher.
December.
110
110
no
no
109
no
no
no
111
111
111
93.7
99.0
90.9
101.4
101.0
100.1
107.2
102.1
103.8
102.1
107.1
104.4
99.2
98.9
101.9
94.8
96.9
95.5
120.5
113.9
103.0
96.3
104.6
99.2
123.9
148.0
106.7
110.0
120.3
110.6
120.3
134.0
106. 6 104.5
97.2
99.8
120.2
125.0
109. 5 105.7
98.5
97 3
118.0
126.9
108.1
107.0
94.2
95.2
123.6
143.8
107.9
106.6
93.8
95.3
125.4
145.8
111.2
107.2
99.3
95.3
145. 2
119.0
117 2 109.5
99 4
95. 4
*93.5 8 100.6 8 112.7 8110.4 8 145.0 8 117.7
Nonmetallic min
e r a ls —s t r u c
tural
F u r n itu r e and
o th e r h o u s e
hold durables
Machinery and
motive products
Metals and metal
products
Pulp, paper, and
allied products
L u mb e r and
wood products
Rubber and rub
ber products
Chemicals and
allied products
Fuel, power, and
lighting mate
rials
H id e s , s k in s ,
le a th e r , an d
leather products
Textile products
and apparel
All commodities
other than farm
and foods
Processed foods
Farm products
Year and
month
All commodities
[1947-49=100]
5 fl i
§ 031
a j
97.2
93.9
95.6
92.5
91.3
98.6
101. 7 100.5
101.4
100.9
103.9
102.9
102.3
104. 4
103.1
106.6
98.5
104.8
103.5
105. 3 106.9
108.6
110.3
100.9
109.4
113.6
114.1
119.0
122.8
119.6
111.8
113.
6
112.0
121.5
123.0
116.5
118. 2
115.7
114.2
123.0
126.9
116.1
120.6
1 2 0 .9
115. 4
124.6
128.0
116.3
121.6
124. 2
115.9
128.4
136.6
119.3
122.3
119.1
129.
6
137.8
148.4
127.2
126 1
134. 6
1 2 2 .2
146.1
151.2
129 6
8128.2
8
136.0
8123.2
8149.8
8
150.4
8131.0
121.4
100.8
103.1
96.1
96.6
104.9
108.3
97.8
102.5
92.0
91.0
89.6
294.2
97.0
97.1
95.6
94.0
91.3
89.1
90.8
89.8
90.3
91.5
1 1 1 .3
92.5
93.1
92.1
94. 2
91. 2
91.8
89. 5
88.1
89.3
86. 8
84.1
82.9
103.8
103.2
101. 6
102.5
102.1
103.9
103 1
101.9
101. 5
100.2
98. 8
98.2
115.2
115.7
115.6
115.7
115.5
115.6
116.5
117.5
118.5
119.0
119.4
119.8
95.2
95.2
95.3
95.0
95.0
95.2
95.3
95.3
95.4
95.4
95.6
95.6
91.9
92.3
92.2
93.2
92.9
92.9
93.7
93.8
94.0
95.3
96.4
96.7
108.5
108.7
108.5
107.4
107.0
106.8
106.4
107.2
108.0
108.0
108.6
109.3
107.1
107.1
106.8
107.1
106.8
106.8
106.0
105.9
106.0
106.5
106.6
106.6
136.8
140.6
138.0
138.3
138.0
140.3
143.4
148.7
151.7
147.8
150.6
151.0
120.3
121.2
121.4
122.4
123.5
123.7
124.1
125.1
125.7
125.4
125.0
125.1
116.3
116.6
116.8
117.4
117.7
118.3
119.0
119.7
120.5
122.8
123.2
123.6
130.1
131.5
131.9
132.9
132.5
132.6
136.7
139.5
141.9
142.4
142.9
143.9
125.8
126.1
126.1
126.3
126.7
127.1
127.5
128.5
130.0
131.4
132.5
133.0
115.5
115.4
115.1
115.1
115.1
115. 2
115. 5
116.0
116.4
116.9
117. 2
117.3
122.0
121.8
121. 9
122.3
123. 2
123. 7
125. 3
126.1
126. 4
126. 8
125. 2
125. 4
1956:
January__
February..
M arch___
April.......
M ay_____
June_____
July____
August___
September.
October
November.
December.
111 9
112 4
112. 8
113 6
114. 4
114 2
114 0
114 7
115 5
115 0
115 9
116.3
84.1
86. 0
86. 6
88. 0
90.9
91.2
90 0
89.1
90.1
88.4
87. 9
88.9
98.3
99.0
99. 2
100.4
102. 4
102.3
102.2
102 6
104.0
103.6
103.6
103.1
120.4
120.6
121.0
121.6
121.7
121.5
121.4
122. 5
123. 1
123.6
124.2
124.7
95.7
96.0
95.9
95.1
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.8
94.8
95.3
95.4
95.6
96.7
97.1
97.7
100.6
100.0
100.2
100.1
100.0
100.2
99.7
99.8
99.2
111.0
111.2
110.9
110.6
110.8
110.5
110.7
110.9
111.1
111.7
111.2
114.0
106.3
106.4
106.5
106.9
106.9
107.1
107.3
107.3
107.1
107.7
108.2
108.3
148.4
147.1
146.2
145.0
143.5
142.8
143.3
146.9
145.7
145.8
146.9
147.9
126.3
126.7
128.0
128.5
128.0
127.3
126.6
125.2
123.6
122.0
121.5
121.0
124.8
125.4
126.8
127.4
127.3
127.4
127.7
127.9
127.9
128.1
127.8
128.0
145.1
145.1
146.5
147.7
146.8
145.8
144.9
150.2
151.9
152.2
152.1
152.3
133.3
133.9
134.7
135.7
136. 5
136.8
136.9
137.7
139.7
141.1
143.4
143.6
118.0
118.2
118.1
118.0
118.0
118.1
118. 3
119.1
119.7
121.0
121.1
127.0
127.1
127. 9
128. 6
128. 6
128. 9
130. 6
130. 8
131.1
131. 5
131. 2
131.3
121.7
121. 7
121.7
121.7
1957:
Ja n u ary ...
February..
March......
April____
M ay_____
June..........
July .......
August___
September
October
November.
December.
116 9
117 0
116 9
117 2
117 1
117 4
118 2
118 4
118 0
117 8
118 1
118.5
89.3
88. 8
88 8
90. 6
89. 5
90 9
92 8
93.0
91. 0
91. 5
91 9
92.6
104.3
103 6
103. 7
104. 3
104. 9
106.1
107. 2
106.8
106. 5
105. 5
106.5
107.4
125.2
125. 6
125.4
125. 4
125. 2
125.2
125. 7
126.0
126.0
125.8
125.9
126.1
95.8
95.7
95.4
95.3
95.4
95. 5
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.1
95.0
94.9
98.4
98.0
98.4
98.6
98.9
99.8
100.6
100.3
100.0
100.1
100.0
99.5
116.3
119.6
119.2
119.5
118.5
117.2
116.4
116.3
116.1
115.8
115.7
116.2
108.7
108.8
108.8
109.1
109.1
109.3
109.5
109.8
110.2
110.4
110.3
110.6
145.0
143.9
144.3
144.5
144.7
145.1
144.9
146.9
146.5
146.2
144.7
145.7
121.3
120.7
120.1
120.2
119.7
119.7
119.3
118.6
117.8
117.3
116.9
116.3
128.6
128.5
128.7
128.6
128 9
128.9
129.5
129.9
130 1
130.9
130.9
131.0
152.2
151.4
151.0
150.1
150.0
150.6
152.4
153.2
152.2
150.8
150.4
150.5
143.9
144.5
144.8
145.0
145.1
145.2
145.8
146.2
146.9
147.7
149.2
149.4
132.0
132.7
133. 2
134. 6
135.0
135.1
135. 2
135. 3
135. 2
135.3
93.2
92.4
92.0
91.4
89.4
87.3
1 3 5 .7
124.0
124.1
124.1
124.5
124.5
124.7
127.7
127.7
127.7
127.7
127.8
128.0
1958:
Jan u ary..
February..
M arch___
April____
M ay_____
June_____
July-------August ...
September
October...
November..
December.
118 9
119 0
119 7
119 3
119 5
119 2
119 2
119 1
119 1
119 0
119 2
119.2
93.7
96.1
100. 5
97 7
98 5
95. 6
95. 0
109.5
109. 9
110.7
111. 6
112. 9
113. 5
112. 7
9 3 .2
111.3
93 1 111. 1
92. 3 110. 0
92 1 109. 5
90.6 108.8
126.1
125.7
125. 7
125.5
125. 3
125. 3
1256
126.1
126.2
126. 4
126.8
127.2
94.6
94.1
94.0
93.7
93.5
93.3
93.3
93.3
93.3
93.2
93.1
93.3
99.5
99.6
99.5
99.7
99.9
100.3
100.3
100.5
100.2
101.4
102.3
103.6
116.1
113.6
112.4
111.0
110.3
110.7
111.9
113.7
114.1
113.0
112.6
112.9
110.8
110.6
110.7
111.0
110.8
110.7
110.4
110.0
109.9
110.2
110.2
110.0
145.1
144.6
144.6
144.5
143.8
144.2
144.7
144.4
145.2
146.1
146.6
146.3
116.3
115.8
115.5
115.7
115.9
116.4
116.8
118.6
120.4
120.8
120.0
119.8
130.8
130.8
130.5
130.5
130.5
130.5
131.0
131.0
131.7
131.9
131. 9
131.3
150.0
150.1
149.8
148.6
148.6
148.8
148.8
150.8
151.3
152. 2
153. 0
153.0
149.4
149.3
149.2
149.4
149.4
149. 5
149. 5
149. 5
149. 4
149.9
151. 2
151. 5
123.8
123.6
123. 5
123. 4
123. 2
123. 0
123. 2
123. 0
123.0
123.0
122.7
122. 8
136.4
136. 5
135. 3
135. 4
135. 4
135. 2
135. 3
135.2
136. 7
136. 7
136. 7
136.9
128.1
128.1
128.0
128.0
128.0
128.0
128.0
128.0
128.0
128.8
128. 7
128.6
88.3
89.3
94.3
97.8
96.2
93.7
97.2
95.6
92.5
91.2
93.2
100.9
1959:
Ja n u a ry ...
February..
March___
A pril8___
119 5 91. 5
119 5 91 1
119 6 3 90. 8
92.4
1 2 0 .0
127.5
127.8
128.1
128.3
93.3
93.7
293.9
94.1
104.1
105.4
108.5
117.8
113.9
114.8
115.0
114.2
110.2
109.9
109.8
110.0
120.5
146.0
122.5
146.1
3
124.2
146.7
126.1
147.5
123.3
151.8
152.9
131.5
123.3
152.0
153.4
131.7
132.0 3 153.6 3 152.2 3 123.5
123.5
152.1
152.8
132 2
137.2
137. 5
137. 7
138. 3
128.6
128.9
132.1
132.2
100.8
J.NVj 1Jh• A' Ui a
v/s exiiu ovi ivu,
1
4
0
5
9
3
5
9
7
6
2
108. 7
107. 6
107.2
107.2
1 As of January 1958. new weight factors reflecting 1954 values were intro
duced into the index. Technical details furnished upon request to the
Bureau.
8 Preliminary.
Revised.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1 2 1 .2
1 2 1 .9
1 2 1 .9
1 2 1 .9
1 2 1 .5
1 2 1 .6
121. 7
1 2 2 .2
122. 4
1 2 2 .3
122. 6
122.7
123. 5
1 3 5 .4
121.6
121.6
121.6
121.6
121.6
121.6
121.7
121.7
121.7
121.7
121.7
121.6
121.6
121.7
122.5
122.8
123.1
123.5
123.6
-------------------------------1
BLS Statistical Series, BLS Bull. 1168 (1954).
S ource : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
88.0
88.8
89.6
88.7
88. 2
92.1
96.1
92.9
91.3
91.1
89.9
89. 2
91.2
91.7
88.8
90.1
89.4
87.7
86.8
87.2
98.5
97.0
98.8
734
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T able
D-8.
Indexes of wholesale prices, by group and subgroup of commodities 1
[1947-49=100, unless otherwise specified]
1959
Commodity group
All commodities.. . _ . __
Annual
average
1958
Apr.»
Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
1958»
1957
120.0
119.6
119.5
119.5
119.2
119.2
119.0
119.1
119.1
119.2
119.2
119.5
119.3
119.2
117.6
Farm products..............................................
92.4 3 90.8
Fresh and dried fruits and vegetables___ 114.2
93.6
Grains......................................................
79.7
77.7
91.9
Livestock and live p oultry.................
91.1
Plant and animal fibers______________ 101.0
99.5
Fluid milk—.............................................
91.7 3 93.5
Eggs....... ...................................................... 54. 5 70. 5
79.5
Hay, hayseeds, and oil seeds..............
78.4
Other farm products_________________ 133.5 133.8
91.1
105.9
77.0
88.4
99.1
95.5
69.3
78.0
134.8
91.5
102.5
76.1
90.3
99.4
95.7
72.5
76.4
134.5
90.6
99.2
76.1
87.6
99.6
96.2
77.7
75.0
136.4
92.1
98.1
75.3
90.1
100.6
96.6
86.5
74.0
137.7
92.3
101.5
76.8
88.4
100.7
96.2
91.1
73.3
138.8
93.1
97.9
76.1
91.5
101.1
95.8
98.6
72.2
137.3
93.2
97.2
77.3
94.0
101.8
93. 5
81.5
75.9
139.5
95.0
106.3
79.8
96.7
101.8
92.0
76.1
76.2
139.9
95.6
102.0
81.3
98.8
101.9
90.2
74.9
79.3
141.4
98.5
122.0
84.2
99.8
101.6
90.5
75.7
79.7
142.0
97.7
129.2
85.7
94. 5
101.4
91.7
77.1
79.9
142.3
94.9
112.0
79. 5
92.9
101. 5
94. 6
81. 7
76. 9
140.4
90.9
103.6
84.1
80 2
104.0
96.0
77 2
82 0
144.6
107.2 107.2
118.9 119.0
100.8 99.6
112.0 113.0
110.8 3111.2
112.1 112.9
145. 6 3148.4
57.9
57.0
54. 6 53.7
59.3
59.3
74.4
74.4
95.3
95.7
107.6
117.7
100.9
113.0
110.6
113.8
149.7
57.1
53.6
59.3
75.0
97.2
108.7
117.5
103.3
113.0
110.8
115.3
154.0
57.9
53.9
59.8
76.8
96.2
108.8
117.4
101.4
113.5
113.0
117.0
157.9
60.7
54.1
63.8
76.8
96.8
109.5 110.0
118.0 118.2
102. 5 103.5
113.4 113. 5
112.9 112.1
116.3 116.7
161.2 161. 2
68.2
75.4
57. 5 56.1
63.8
63.4
79.4
80.4
97.4
97.0
111.1
117.8
107.1
113.7
111.4
116.5
161.2
74.7
55.3
64.5
81.3
96.7
111.3
116.9
108.2
112.2
111.8
116.0
161.2
80.4
56. 6
67.5
81.6
96.5
112.7
117.5
112.1
111.4
111.3
116. 4
165.2
74.1
57.0
67. 5
82.6
97.1
113.5
118.5
114.1
110. 9
110.3
116.4
168.4
73.4
58.8
70. 0
83.2
96.9
112.9
117.9
112.8
110.6
108.2
115.5
168.4
72.7
63.9
70.9
85.2
96.9
111. 5
118.4
108.5
111.4
107.6
114.3
168. 4
72.3
64.1
70.9
85.1
97.1
110.9
117.9
106. 7
112 7
109. 7
115. 6
165. 7
72. 0
60. 1
67. 9
82 8
96.6
105 6
116 9
91 9
111 7
103 9
113 4
183 1
75.6
65 7
70 1
86 1
95.5
Processed foods.....................................
Cereal and bakery products______ _____
Meats, poultry, and fish........................
Dairy products and ice cream_____ ____
Canned and frozen fruits and vegetables..
Sugar and confectionery__________
Packaged beverage materials..... ...............
Animal fats and oils...........................
Crude vegetable o ils...
Refined vegetable oils............
Vegetable oil end products____________
Other processed foods________________
All commodities other than farm and foods. 128.3
128.1
127.8
127.5
127.2
126.8
126.4
126.2
126.1
125.6
125.3
125.3
125.5
126.0
125.6
All commodities except farm products____ 124.6
124.4
124.2
124.2
124.0
123.7
123.5
123.5
123.4
123.3
123.1
123.1
123.0
123.3
122.1
Textile products and apparel....................... 94.1 3 93.9
Cotton products......................................... 90.3
90.2
99.5 3 97.8
Wool products........................................
Manmade fiber textile products............... 80.6 3 80.1
Silk products________ ______________ 113.6 112.1
A pparel...................... ........... ........... ........ 99.3
99.3
76.1
Other textile products________________ 75.7
93.7
89.6
97.7
79.8
109.3
99.3
78.0
93.3
88.7
97.4
79.3
104.7
99.3
76.7
93.3
88.6
97.5
79.4
105.1
99.3
75.9
93.1
88.0
97.9
79.3
106.0
99.2
76.6
93.2
87.8
98.4
79.7
107.1
99.3
76.3
93.3
87.9
99.6
79.7
115.8
99.3
75.3
93.3
87.7
100.4
80.0
116.3
99.3
75.9
93.3
87.4
100.5
80.1
116.2
99.3
74.8
93.3
87.6
101.3
80.4
109.9
99.1
73.6
93.5
88.3
100. 5
80.3
116.1
99.1
75.4
93. 7 93. 5
88. 5 88 4
101.6 100 8
80. 5 80. 2
116.5 113. 5
99.2
99 3
75.4
75.2
95.4
90 7
109. 5
82.0
122.1
99 6
76.4
Hides, skins, leather, and leather products.
Hides and skins_____________________
Leather________________________ .
Footwear.....................................................
Other leather products_______________
117.8 108.5 105.4
108.5
87.7
73.0
120.4 103.6 101.0
128.3 123.6 123.3
109.5 3103. 4 3100. 8
104.1
68.7
99.3
123.2
99.2
103.6
66.6
99.2
123.1
98.2
102.3
65.1
94.7
122.9
97.4
101. 4
62.0
92.8
122.8
97.2
100.2
59.0
91.3
121.9
96.7
100.5
60.4
91.5
121.8
96.8
100.3
58.1
91.5
121.8
97.1
100.3
57.0
91.8
121.8
97.3
99.9
55.4
91.1
121.3
97.3
99.7 100.6
57.5
53.3
92.3
91.1
121 7 122.1
97.5
97.6
99 4
55.2
90.2
121 1
98.0
Fuel, power, and lighting materials.............
Coal___________________________
Coke......................................................
Gas fuels <______________________
Electric power <__________________
Petroleum and products....................... .
114.2
119.3
170.4
111.3
100.8
119.4
115.0
124.6
170.4
113.1
100.9
119.9
114.8
126.2
170.4
112. 0
100.8
119.5
113.9
125.3
163.1
112.7
100.7
118.2
112.9
123.7
161.9
107.8
100.7
117.2
112.6
123.8
161.9
106.0
100.8
116.9
113.0
123.8
161.9
106.3
100.9
117.5
114.1
122.7
161.9
104.1
100.8
119.7
113.7
121.9
161.9
102.0
100.8
119.2
111.9
121.1
161.9
97.9
100.1
117.1
110. 7
120.3
161.9
97.4
100.1
115.3
110.3
119.7
161.9
98.3
100.0
114.7
111.0
119.8
161.9
98.1
100.0
115.8
112.7
122.9
161.9
101.7
100.4
117.7
117.2
124.4
161 7
0
0
127.0
Chemicals and allied products_________
Industrial chemicals____________ _____
Prepared paint_______________ ______
Paint materials_____________________
Drugs and pharmaceuticals..............
Fats and oils, Inedible____________
Mixed fertilizer___________________
Fertilizer materials.............................
Other chemicals and allied products____
110.0
123.9
128.3
101.4
92.8
60.4
109.6
107.5
106.3
109.8
123.6
128.4
101.3
92.8
60.3
110.0
107.5
106.1
109.9
123.7
128.4
101.4
93.0
58.9
109.8
107.5
106.5
110.2
124.0
128.2
102.5
93.0
59.9
110.2
107.6
106.7
110.0
123. 7
128.2
102.8
93.2
61.5
109.4
105.3
106.2
110 2
123.6
128.2
102.7
93.2
64.7
109.8
105.2
106.6
110.2
123.6
128.2
102.8
93.9
62.6
109.5
106.3
106.6
109.9
122.7
128.2
102.9
94.4
61.7
109.7
104.3
106.8
110.0
122.8
128.2
103.3
94.4
62.5
110.8
104.4
106.4
110.4
123.1
128.2
103.4
94. 4
62. 5
111. 1
108.0
107.0
110.7
123. 5
128.2
103.4
94. 5
61.9
111. 2
110 3
107.4
110.8
123.9
128. 4
103.9
94.3
61.5
111.2
110.3
107.2
111.0 110.4
124 3 123.5
128. 4 128.3
104.0 103.6
94. 1 94.0
62.6
62.2
111. 4 110.7
110.3 108.0
107.2 106.8
109 6
123.5
126 3
100 5
93 3
61 4
110 0
106 8
105.7
Rubber and rubber products........... ...........
Crude rubber________________ ______
Tires and tubes.............. ............ ..............
Other rubber products_______________
147.5
146.9
151. 9
143.4
146.7
142.4
151.9
143.6
146.1
139.4
151.9
143.6
146.0
138.9
151.9
143.4
146.3
137.8
152.8
143.5
146.6
142.6
152.8
142.3
146.1
140.1
152.8
142.4
145. 2
135.7
152.8
141.8
144.4
134.3
152. 8
140.9
144.7
133.0
152.1
142.7
144.2
129. 4
152.1
143.0
143.8
127.7
152.1
143.0
144. 5 145.0
131.2 134.0
152.1 152.4
143.0 142.7
145.2
141 3
150.9
140.9
Lumber and wood products.................... .
L um ber.. _______________
Millwork__________________
Plywood........ ............ ............ ...........
126.1 3124.2
126.6 3125. 5
134.4 130.2
106.6 3104. 0
122.5
123.1
130.2
103.6
120.5
121.0
130.2
99.7
119.8
120.1
130.5
99.1
120.0
120.2
130.5
100.1
120.8
120.8
130.5
102.7
120.4
121.0
127.6
102.0
118.6
119.0
126.8
100.2
116.8
116.7
127.3
98.3
116.4
116.8
127.1
94.9
115.9
116. 7
127.1
92.2
115.7
115.9
127.6
94.4
117.7
118.0
128.2
97.1
119.0
119. 7
128.3
96.4
Pulp, paper, and allied products_____ . . . .
Woodpulp......................................
Wastepaper__________________
P aper..______ _____________
Paperboard................ ....................
Converted paper and paperboard products__ _____ __________
Building paper and board.........................
132.2
121. 2
115. 7
143.3
136.2
132.0
121.2
115.7
142.1
136.2
131.7
121.2
107.1
142.1
136.2
131.5
121.2
101.0
142.1
136.2
131.3
121.2
95.8
142.1
136.2
131.9
121.2
111.3
142.1
136.2
131.9
121.2
111.3
142.0
136.2
131.7
121. 2
106.4
141.8
136. 5
131.0
121.2
87.0
141.8
136.0
131.0
121.2
86.1
141. 8
136.0
130.5
121.2
71.8
141.8
136.0
130.5
121.2
71.8
141.8
136.0
130.5
121.2
75.3
142.9
136.1
131.0
121.2
88.3
142.3
136.2
129.6
118.8
77.2
141.9
136.3
127.5
145.0
127.6
144.2
127.6
144.2
127.7
143.9
127.8
143. 7
127.9
143.4
127.9
143.4
127. 9
143.4
127.8
143.4
127.9
143.4
127.9
144.1
128.0
144.1
127.2
144.1
127.6
143.2
126 1
141.5
Metals and metal products_____________
Iron and steel________________
Nonferrous metals_____________
Metal containers____________________
Hardware____ ______
Plumbing equipment_________
Heating equipment___________
Fabricated structural metal products___
Fabricated nonstructural metal products.
See footnotes at end of table.
152.8 3153.6
170.8 171.9
134.8 3136.1
152.9 156.3
173.0 173.0
129.8 129.2
121.9 121.9
132.9 3132.9
145.9 145.9
153.4
172.5
334.1
156.3
172.9
126.0
122.0
134.0
145. 8
152.9
172.0
133.2
156.3
172.8
124.9
121.8
134.0
145.3
153.0
171.7
133.2
159.8
172.6
124.8
121.8
133.9
145.0
153.0
172.0
133.7
156. 5
172. 5
124. 6
121.4
133.8
145.0
152.2
171.4
130. 8
156.5
172.0
124.6
121. 4
133 6
145.7
151.8
171.8
127.3
156.1
172.0
123.7
121. 5
133.1
145.4
150.8
171.3
126. 1
155.7
172.0
119.9
121. 2
133.3
145.4
148.8
167.0
124.9
155.7
171.7
119. 9
121. 2
133.1
145.0
148.8
166.7
124. 8
155. 7
171. 7
122. s
121. 0
133.7
145.0
148.6
166.2
123. 9
155.7
170.7
122 8
120 8
134.1
145.9
148.6
166. 4
124. 1
155.7
169.0
123.6
120. 8
134. 1
145.9
150.4
168. 8
127. 7
155.7
170.8
123. 7
121. 2
133.9
145.7
151.2
166. 2
137.4
151.2
164. 9
130.2
122 1
133 8
144.8
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
735
D.—CONSUMER AND WHOLESALE PRICES
T able D -8.
Indexes of wholesale prices, by group and subgroup of commodities1—Continued
[1947-49=100, unless otherwise specified]
Annual
average
1958
1959
Commodity group
Apr.3 Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
19583
1957
152.1
143.1
171.8
172.4
• 152. 2
• 143.1
3171. 7
3172.1
152.0
143.0
171.4
171.0
151.8 151.5 151.2
142.9 3142. 9 3141.8
170.9 170.3 168.0
170.8 170.6 170.2
149.9
139.2
166.8
170.0
149.4
138.9
166.0
169.3
149.5
137.7
165.6
169.3
149.5
138. 4
165.6
169.7
149.5
138.3
165.5
169.4
149.4
138.4
165.5
169.6
149.4
138.5
165.4
170.7
149.8
139.0
166.3
170.1
146.1
133.6
160.0
167.0
162.8 3163.3
149.2 3149. 2
153.0 3153.1
143.2 143.2
163.9
149.0
152.5
143.2
163.0
148.6
152.6
143.1
162.3
148.4
152.4
143.1
161.6
147.9
152.4
142.8
160.2
147. 6
152.7
139.7
159.3
147.4
152.7
139.0
158.8
147.6
152.8
139.0
159. 7
147.5
152.6
139.0
160.0
147.7
152.6
139.0
159.6
147.6
152.3
139.0
159. 4 160.0
149.0 148.1
151.8 152.2
139.0 139.7
157.6
145.2
149.0
135.4
Furniture and other household durables__
Household furniture_________________
Commercial furniture_______ _________
Floor covering......... ........... .......................
Household appliances________________
Television, radio receivers, and phono
graphs................ ......... ........ ........... ........
Other household durable goods________
123.5 3123.5
123.9 124.1
155.0 155.0
127.8 127.2
105.1 3105. 0
123.3
124.1
155.0
126.3
104.8
123.3
124.1
155.0
126.1
105.0
122.8
123.9
155.0
126.1
103.8
122.7
123.7
155.0
126.1
103.8
123.0
123.0
155.0
126.1
104.2
123.0
122.8
155.0
126.2
104.0
123.0
122.6
155.0
126.7
104.7
123.2
122.6
155.0
126.7
104.8
123.0
122.5
154. 2
127.9
104.9
123.2
122.8
154.2
128.5
104.9
123.4
122.8
154.2
128.5
105.3
123.2
123.0
154.6
128.2
104.7
122.2
122.5
150.4
133.4
105.5
93.4 3 93.4
156.2 156.0
93.2
156.0
93.2
155.5
92.5
155.5
92.7
155.0
94.9
155.0
94.9
154.9
94.9
154.7
95.0
155.1
93.7
155.2
94.3
155.1
94.7
155.1
94.4
155.1
94.4
148.3
Nonmetallic minerals—structural________
Flat glass................. ........ ........ ..................
Concrete ingredients____ ____________
Concrete products___________________
Structural clay products______________
Gypsum products_____ _______ ______
Prepared asphalt roofing______________
Other nonmetallic minerals___________
138.3 137.7
135.2 135.2
140.2 140.2
129.4 3129.3
160.0 159.9
133.1 133.1
126.4 3119.4
132.7 132.7
137.5
135.2
140.2
129.0
159.6
133.1
119.8
131.7
137.2
135.2
140.2
128.6
159.3
133.1
118.5
131.4
136.9
135.2
139.2
128.4
158.8
133.1
118.5
131.4
136.7
135.0
139.1
128.1
158.4
133.1
118.5
131.2
136.7
135.0
139.1
128.1
158.2
133.1
118.5
131.2
136.7
135.0
139.1
127. 9
158.2
133.1
118.5
131.2
135.2
135.3
139.1
128.1
155.6
133.1
103.3
131.2
135.3
135. 7
139.0
128. 4
155.6
133.1
103.3
131.2
135.2
135.7
138.9
128.3
155.6
133.1
103.3
131.2
135. 4
135.7
139.0
128.2
155.6
133.1
106.1
131.2
135.4
135. 7
138.9
127.9
155.5
133.1
107.2
131.2
136.0
135.4
139.0
128.1
156.5
132.1
112.8
131.2
134.6
135. 7
136.0
126.4
154.0
127.1
122.3
128.0
Tobacco manufactures and bottled bev
erages..... .................. ....................... ........
Cigarettes.....................................................
C ig ars............................ ............................
Other tobacco manufactures___________
Alcoholic beverages__________________
Nonalcoholic beverages_______________
132.2
134.8
106.6
152.8
121.7
171.1
132.1
134.8
106.6
150.9
121.7
171.1
128.9
134.8
106.6
148.3
121.7
148.9
128.6 128.6
134.8 134.8
106.6 106.6
139. 7 139.7
121.7 121.7
148.9 148.9
128.7
134.8
106.6
139.7
121.7
149.3
128.8
134.8
106.6
139.7
121.7
149.3
128.0
134.8
106.6
139.7
120.1
149.3
128.0
134.8
106.6
139.7
120.1
149.3
128.0
134.8
106.6
139.7
120.1
149.3
128.0
134.8
106.6
139.7
120.1
149.3
128.0
134.8
106.6
139.7
120.1
149.3
128.0
134. 8
106.6
139.7
120.1
149.3
128.2
134,8
106.6
140.5
120.5
149.3
126.1
129.4
105.0
136.0
119.5
149.2
98.8
97.0
Miscellaneous products________________
Toys, sporting goods, small arms, and
ammunition______________________ 116.9 3117.2
82.9
79.6
Manufactured animal feeds___________
97.5
Notions and accessories_______________ 97.5
Jewelry, watches, and photographic
equipment......... ............ ..................... ... 108.2 108.2
Other miscellaneous products................ . 132.6 132.6
98.5
100.8
100.9
93.2
91.2
92.5
95.6
97.2
93.7
96.2
97.8
94.2
89.6
117.9
82.2
97.5
117.8
86.2
97.5
118.6
86.4
97.5
118.6
72.6
97.5
118.6
69.0
97.5
118.6
71.4
97.5
119.3
76.8
97.5
119.1
79.7
97.5
119.1
73.3
97.5
119.1
78.0
97.5
119.1
80.9
97.5
119.0
74.4
97.5
117.7
67.3
97.3
108.1
132.4
108.1
132.6
107.9
132.4
107.9
132.2
107.8
132.2
107.7
132.4
107.7
132.4
107.8
132.3
107.8
132.6
107.3
132.4
107.3
132.4
107.6
132.2
107.5
128.4
Machinery and motive products_________
Agricultural machinery and equipm ent..
Construction machinery and equipment.
Metalworking machinery and equipment.
Qeneral purpose machinery and equip
m ent___ ____ _____________________
Miscellaneous machinery_____________
Electrical machinery and equipment.......
Motor vehicles______________________
Dec.
•Not available.
Source : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
1See Note and footnote 1, table D-7.
3Preliminary.
• Revised.
•January 1958=100.
T able
D-9.
Indexes of wholesale prices for special commodity groupings 1
[1947-49= 100]
Annual
average
1958
1959
Commodity group
Apr.3 Mar. Feb.
All foods............................................................... —--------All fish______________________ _____ ______________
Special metals and metal products____ ________________
Metalworking machinery___________________________
Machinery and equipment_____________________ _____
Agricultural machinery (including tractors)____________
Total tractors_______________________ ______________
Steel-mill products_____________ _______________ ____
Construction materials 1____________________________
Soaps ................................................................................ ......
Synthetic detergents____________ ______ ______ . . ____
Refined petroleum products-------------- ------- ---------------East Coast petroleum ................. ................... ...............
Mid-continent petroleum.......................... ............ ........
Gulf Coast petroleum_____ __________ ___________
Pacific Coast petroleum_____ _____ _______ ______
Pulp, paper and products, excl. bldg, paper________ ____
Bituminous coal, domestic sizes______________________
Lumber and wood products, excl. millwork____________
1 See Note and footnote 1, table D-7.
• Preliminary.
» Revised.
• This index was formerly Building materials
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Jan. Dec. Nov. Oct. Sept. Aug. July June May Apr.
105.0 104.1 105.4 106.3 106.3 107.4
122.7 128.2 133.7 135.4 134.8 128.3
150.3 150.9 150. 7 150. 4 150.4 150.4
180.2 3180.1 178.7 178.6 178.2 177.8
157.1 3157. 2 156.9 156.6 156.3 155.9
144.6 3144. 5 144.5 144.4 3144.2 3142.8
152.9 3152. 9 3152. 9 3152.6 3152.8 3150. 6
188.2 188.2 188.4 188.4 188.3 188.3
134.7 133.8 133.3 132.4 132.0 132.0
108.8 3108. 8 109.2 110. 5 108.6 108.5
101.3 101.3 101.3 101.3 101.3 101.3
117.5 118.1 117.6 115.8 114.3 113.9
110.0 111.3 111.3 110.0 109.3 108. 0
121.4 122.6 120.1 117.7 116.6 116.1
121.0 121.3 121.3 120.3 117.6 116.6
109.5 108.1 112.4 1.09.4 107.5 110.6
131.9 131.6 131.3 131.2 130.0 131.6
119.2 125.3 128.9 128.9 126.3 126.1
125.2 3123. 7 121.7 119.2 118.3 118.6
108.3
129.6
148.8
177.4
155.4
139.9
148.2
1S7. 6
132.1
108.5
101. 3
114.6
108.0
118.1
116.3
110.6
131.6
125.6
119.6
109.3
130.1
147.9
178.0
155.1
139.5
147.0
188.1
132.0
109.8
101.3
117.2
109.2
117.5
120.6
121.3
131.4
124.2
119.6
108. 5
129.9
147. 5
178.1
155.0
138.4
146. 1
187.8
130.6
107.7
101.3
116.6
108.4
116.4
120.6
121.3
130.7
123.0
117.6
110.2
131.2
146.2
178.0
155.2
138.9
147.0
183.0
129.6
107.7
101.3
114.1
107.7
112.0
119.7
118.3
130.6
120.8
115.4
110.6
131.5
146.3
178.0
155.2
138.7
146.8
183.0
129.5
107.7
101.3
111.9
108.6
112.0
114.3
112.2
130.1
118.8
114.9
111.7
128.6
146.1
178.0
155.0
138.7
146. 8
183.1
129.2
109.0
101.0
111. 1
108.6
108 7
114.3
116.4
130.2
117.2
114.3
111.2
122.9
146.1
178.0
155.0
138.8
147.0
183.1
129.0
109.0
101.0
112. 5
111.0
110.8
114.3
117. 7
130.2
117.4
114.0
19583 1957
109.5
128.5
147.6
178.0
155.2
139.7
147.9
185.1
130.5
108.1
101.2
114.8
110.2
114. 5
117.7
117.3
130,7
123.0
116.2
S ource : U .S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
104.0
119.4
146.9
176.1
151.9
133.7
141.3
178.9
130.6
104.5
99.0
125.8
122.0
124.3
128.8
132.3
129.3
121.5
117.7
736
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T able D -10.
Indexes of wholesale prices, by stage of processing 1
[1947-49=100]
1959
Annual
average
1958
Commodity group
Apr.s Mar. Feb. Jan.
Dec. Nov.
Oct.
Sept. Aug. July June May Apr. 1958 2 1957
All commodities................................................................... .
120.0 119.6 119.5 119.5 119.2 119.2 119.0 119.1 119.1 119.2 119.2 119 5 119.3 119.2 117.6
Crude materials for further processing................................
Crude foodstuffs and feedstuffs____________ _____ _
Crude nonfood materials except fuel............. ................
Crude nonfood materials, except fuel, for manufacturing ..................... ........................................
Crude nonfood materials, except fuel, for construction_________________________________
Crude fuel __________________________________
Crude fuel for manufacturing_________________
Crude fuel for nonmanufacturing industry............
99.6 98.9 98.0 98.1 97.0 98.4 98.0 98.4 99.1 100.0 100.7 101.7 100.3 99.4 97.2
91.1 389. 8 89.0 89.7 88.4 89.9 89.3 90.7 92.1 94.3 95.7 97.7 95.4 92.8 87.7
112.6 112.7 111.3 110.5 110.1 111.2 111.1 109.6 109.3 107.7 107.0 106.0 106.3 108.4 112.5
Interm ediate materials, supplies, and components_____
Intermediate materials and components for manufacturing _____________________ _________
Intermediate materials for food manufacturing
Intermediate materials for nondurable manufacturing___ __________________________
Intermediate materials for durable manufacturing
Components for manufacturing..............................
Materials and components for construction___ _____
Processed fuels and lubricants. _________________
Processed fuels and lubricants for manufacturing...
Processed fuels and lubricants for nonmanufacturing Industry...........................................................
Containers, nonreturnable......... ................ .......
Supplies.............................................................................
Supplies for manufacturing__ ____ ______
Supplies for nonmanufacturing industry.... ...........
Manufactured animal feed s........................ .
Other supplies................. ................ ........ ........ .
Finished goods (goods to users, including raw foods and
fuels)_______ ____________ _______________ _______
Consumer finished goods__ ______ __________
Consumer foods____________________ _____ _
Consumer crude foods____
Consumer processed foods....................... ..........
Consumer other nondurable goods___
Consumer durab’e goods ............ .
Producer finished goods ............ ............ .............. .
Producer goods for manufacturing industries____
Producer goods for nonmanufacturing industries..
111.2 3111.3 109.8 109.0 108.6 109.8 109.7 108.1 107.8 106.0 105.2 104.1 104-4 106.8 111.5
140.2
121.1
120.6
121.8
140.2
125.4
124.9
126.3
140.2
126.4
125.9
127.2
140. 2
126.1
125.7
126.7
139 1
123. 0
122.6
123.6
139.1
123.1
122.7
123.7
139.1
121.8
121.4
122.3
139.1
120.6
120.3
121.1
139.0
118.8
118.5
119.2
138 9
118.2
117.9
118.5
139.0
117.9
117.6
118.3
138. 9
117.9
117.7
118.3
139.0
121.2
120.9
121.8
136.0
119.7
119.4
120.1
127.1 126.7 126.5 126.3 126.3 125. 7 125.4 125.4 125.3 125.0 124.7 124.9 125. 1 125.3 125.1
128.6 128.2 128.0 127.7 127.8 127.8 127.6 127.3 127.2 126.7 126.9 126.8 126.9 127.2 126.9
97.4 97.7 98.5 99.2 100.4 101.2 101.4 101.5 101.8 102.6 103.4 103.5 103.2 102.2 99.9
106.4
157. 7
150.9
136.4
107.4
106.6
105. 2
157.6
151. 1
135.7
107.4
106.6
104.8
157.1
151.0
135.3
106.8
106.2
104. 5
156. 6
150.8
134.5
105.9
105.3
104.5
156.6
150. 7
134.2
105.6
105.0
104.3
156. 6
150.7
134.1
105.4
104.8
104.2
156.2
150.2
134.2
105.6
104.9
104.1
155.4
-149.8
133.7
107. 7
106.6
104.2
155. 0
149.5
132.7
107.6
106.5
104.3
152. 9
149.5
132.1
106.0
105.1
104.5
152.9
149.4
132.1
105.0
104.5
104.6
152.fi
149.0
132.0
104.6
104.2
105.0
152. 9
148.6
131.8
105.4
105.0
104.7
154.3
149.5
132.9
106.5
105. S
105.7
153.2
148.3
132. 9
113.0
111.2
108.8
136.7
118.3
141. 7
107.0
82.0
121.6
108.7
137.8
117.2
141.6
105.6
78.7
121.3
108.0
138.0
117.6
141.3
106. 2
80.9
121.1
106.9
137.8
118.7
140.6
107.9
85.2
121.1
106.6
138. 7
118.6
140.5
107.9
85.6
120.9
106.5
138.0
114.9
140.3
103.0
72.4
120.9
106.9
137.9
113. 5
140.5
101.0
66.9
121.0
109.6
137.7
113.7
139.3
101.8
69.5
120.7
109.5
137.7
114.8
138.2
103.5
74.0
120.9
107.6
137.5
116.1
139.1
105.0
77.7
121.0
106.0
137.4
114.6
139.4
102.9
71.7
121.2
105.4
137.5
116.3
139.6
105. 1
76.9
121.6
106.2
137.1
117.3
140 6
106.1
79.8
121.6
107.7
137.4
115.1
139.9
103.4
73.0
121.2
116.0
134.3
112.5
137.6
101.1
67.6
120.7
120.8 3120.6
112.9 3112.7
106.2 3105. 6
92.1 89.4
109. 2 109.0
113.6 113.7
126. 5 3126. 5
152.8 3152.8
157.7 157.6
148.7 3148. 7
120.7
112.9
106.8
3 95.3
109.3
113.1
126.4
152.4
157.2
148.4
120.8
113.1
107.8
95.1
110.5
112.7
126.4
152. 2
157.1
148.2
120. 5
112.8
107.6
95. 5
110.2
112.2
126.1
152.0
156. 7
148.0
120.6
113.0
108.5
97.8
110.9
112.0
126.0
151. 6
156.3
147.5
120.6
113.3
109.6
100.6
111.5
112.2
125.0
150.3
155.0
146.3
120.9
113.7
110.8
100.6
113.0
112.2
124.6
150.1
154.8
146.1
120.6
113.3
110.0
94.1
113.3
112.0
124.7
150.0
154. 6
146.2
120.8
113.7
111.5
95.7
114.8
111.4
124.7
150.0
154.6
146.0
120.7
113.6
111.6
93.2
115.5
121.0
113.9
112.5
102.4
114.7
110.9
124.7
150.0
154.7
146.0
120.9
113.7
111.9
105.9
113.3
111 1
124.8
150.1
154.7
146.3
120.8
113.5
110.5
101.0
112.6
111.7
125.0
150.3
155.0
146.4
118.1
111.1
104.5
95.0
106.4
112.4
123.3
146.7
151.2
142.9
>See footnote 1, table D-7.
>Preliminary.
* Revised.
T able
139. 2
123.5
123.1
124.1
111.0
124.7
150. 0
154.7
146.0
N o t e : For a description of these series, see New BLS Economic Sector
Indexes of Wholesale Prices, M onthly Labor Review, December 1965 (p.
1448).
Source : T7.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
D -ll.
Indexes of w holesale prices, by durability of product
11947-49= IDO]
1959
1958
Annual
average
Commodity group
All commodities____ _________________
Total durable goods.......... ................ .
Total nondurable goods......................
Total manufactures______
Durable manufactures________ _____
Nondurable manufactures__________
Total raw or slightly processed goods__
Durable raw or slightly processed goods
Nondurable raw or slightly processed
goods________ ____ ______________
Prelim inary.
s Revised.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
A pr.1 Mar.
Feb.
120.0 119.6
145.4 145.4
106.2 2105. 6
125.8 2125. 5
146.6 146.4
109.4 108.8
100.6 100.1
109.7 116.2
119.5
145.1
105.5
125.3
146.2
108.7
100.2
115.5
119.5
144.7
105.7
125.2
145.8
108.9
100.3
113.4
99.2
99.3
99.6
100.1
Jan.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
19581
1957
119.2
144. 5
105.4
125.1
145.6
108.8
99.5
111.7
119.2
144.4
105. 5
124.8
145.4
108.4
100. 6
114.4
119.0
143.7
105.6
124.5
144.7
108.5
100.8
113.7
119.1
143.2
106.1
124.6
144.3
109.1
101.0
111.5
119.1
142.8
106.2
124.6
143.9
109.4
100.6
111.7
119.2
142.1
106.8
124.6
143.3
109.8
101.3
106.8
119.2
142.1
106.8
124.5
143.3
109.7
101.4
106.1
119.5
141.9
107.3
124.5
143.2
109.7
103.1
102.9
119.3
141.9
107.1
124.5
143.3
109.6
102.6
103.1
119.2
142.8
106.4
124.5
144.0
109.2
101.6
108.3
117.6
141.4
104.7
123.2
142.0
108.4
98.9
122.3
98.8
99.8
100.0
100.4
100.0
101.0
101.2
103.2
102. 6
101.2
97.7
Dec.
N ote: For a description of these series and data beginning with 1947, see
Wholesale Prices and Price Indexes, 1957, BLS Bull. 1235 (1958).
Source : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
E.—WORK STOPPAGES
737
E.— Work Stoppages
T able E - l.
Work stoppages resulting from labor-management disputes 1
Number of stoppages
Workers involved in stoppages
Man-days idle during month
or year
Month and year
Beginning in
month or year
1935-39 (average)..
1947-49 (average)..
1945
..........
1946
.................... .................... ....................
1947
..........
1948-......................
1949..........
1950
..........
1951
..........
1952
..........
1953
..........
1954
..........
1955
..........
1956
..........
1957........................
1958......... ..............
In effect during month
Beginning in
month or year
2,862
3, 573
4,750
4,985
3,693
3,419
3,606
4, 843
4,737
5,117
5,091
3, 468
4,320
3,825
3,673
3,694
In effect during month
1,130, 000
2,380,000
3! 470' 000
4,600, 000
2 , 170j 000
L 960,000
3’ 030' 000
2, 410’000
2, 220’000
3, 540,000
2, 400j 000
1, 530,000
2, 650, 000
1, 900' 000
l't 390. 000
2,060, 000
Number
Percent of esti
mated work
ing time
16,900, 000
39, 700,000
38,000, 000
116, 000, 000
34, 600, 000
34,100,000
50, 500, 000
38, 800, 000
22, 900,000
59,100, 000
28, 300, 000
22, 600,000
28, 200,000
33, 100, 000
16.500. 000
23.900,000
0.27
.46
.47
1.43
.41
.37
.59
.44
.23
.57
.26
.21
.26
.29
.14
.22
1958: April...........
M ay..........
June______
Ju ly -...........
August____
September...
October___
November—
December_
275
350
350
350
300
400
300
200
150
375
475
500
525
475
575
525
400
300
110,000
150, 000
160,000
160, 000
140, 000
400. 000
450, 000
225,000
60,000
160, 000
200,000
250, 000
240,000
250,000
500. 000
525, 000
300,000
180,000
1,250, 000
2, 000, 000
1, 650. 000
1, 700,000
2,000. 000
2, 500, 000
5, 250, 000
2, 500, 000
2,000,000
.13
.21
.18
.18
.22
.28
.53
.30
.21
1959: January *__
February 2__
March 2___
A p ril2_____
225
200
250
350
325
300
350
475
75,000
75, 000
90, 000
175,000
150,000
140, 000
150,000
250,000
2, 000,000
.23
.18
• The data include all known work stoppages Involving six or more workers
and lasting a full day or shift or longer. Figures on workers involved and
man-days idle cover all workers made idle for as long as one shift in establish
ments directly Involved in a stoppage. They do not measure the indirect or
secondary effects on other establishments or industries whose employees are
made Idle as a result of material or service shortages.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1,500,000
1, 000,000
2,500, 000
.
11
.26
2 Preliminary.
N o t e : For a description of this series, see Techniques of Preparing Major
BLS Statistical Series, BLS Bull. 1168 (1954).
S o u r c e : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
738
F.—Building and Construction
T a ble F - l.
Expenditures for new construction 1
[Value of work put In place]
Expenditures (in millions of dollars)
1957
Total
Total
Mar.
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
4,172
3,792
3,475
3,666
4,024
4,448
4,745
4, 751
4,707
4,548
4,347
4,000
48,980 48,115
3,160
1,867
1,430
376
61
687
154
320
2,918
1,714
1,340
318
56
629
156
272
2,698
1,530
1,215
261
54
628
161
265
2,500
1,369
1,070
245
54
638
167
262
2,610
1,448
1,150
243
55
660
173
268
2,887
1,605
1,260
288
57
722
176
305
3,119
1,741
1,330
354
57
760
178
327
3,184
1,764
1,340
370
54
750
175
319
2, 752
1,421
1,015
355
51
698
204
285
33,947 33,988
17,884 17,019
13, 405 12,615
3,859 3,903
620
501
8. 720 9, 556
2, 443 3,557
3, 561 3,564
159
146
144
148
153
163
167
165
165
1,986 1,893
161
213
71
41
46
41
14
143
448
24
67
357
15
1, 435
88
126
201
67
40
46
36
12
124
438
26
71
341
13
1,254
92
121
202
67
41
47
34
13
111
416
21
70
325
13
1,094
93
114
209
70
44
47
34
14
101
380
20
64
296
12
975
92
115
219
73
47
48
35
16
98
390
23
60
307
14
1,056
91
142
241
78
50
49
39
25
100
444
19
66
359
16
1,137
88
1P0
255
81
52
50
42
30
114
487
21
71
395
17
1,329
84
154
256
81
53
51
44
27
134
519
22
79
418
17
1,561
82
386
30
226
38
53
39
132
545
121
73
48
48
93
22
383
30
228
36
51
38
118
405
115
70
45
37
84
20
366
29
219
34
48
36
105
295
111
68
43
31
75
18
322
27
197
29
39
30
98
265
96
60
36
25
63
14
356
28
223
30
42
33
105
285
105
66
39
28
71
15
361
28
227
32
41
33
379
30
229
37
47
36
125
485
117
72
45
35
88
16
427
31
259
41
55
41
140
630
124
76
48
45
96
17
430
31
259
40
58
42
135
645
130
80
50
52
97
17
1 Estimated monetary value of new construction put in place during the
periods shown, including major additions and alterations but excluding
maintenance and repair. These figures differ from permit-valuation data
reported in the tabulations for building-permit activity (tables F -3, F-4,
and F-5) and the data on value of contract awards (table F-2).
1 Preliminary.
3 Expenditures by privately owned public utilities for nonresidential build
ing are included under “ Public utilities.”
4 Includes Federal contributions toward construction of private nonprofit
hospital facilities under the National Hospital Program.
8 Includes nonhousekeeping public residential construction as well as house
keeping units.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1958
M a y 2 Apr.
Total new construction............. ................. 4,595
Private construction....................................
Residential buildings (nonfarm)____
New dwelling units........................
Additions and alterations ............
N onhousekeeping..... ......................
Nonresidential buildings 3 .................
Industrial____________________
Commercial__________________
Office buildings and warehouses....................................
S tores, r e s ta u ra n ts , an d
garages _ _______________
Other nonresidential buildings___
Religious.. .............................
Educational._____ ________
Hospital and institutional 4...
Social and recreational............
Miscellaneous............... ...........
Farm construction------------- ------ ----Public utilities— ...................................
Railroad____ ________________
Telephone and telegraph_______
Other public u tilities............... .
All other private...................................
Public construction........................... ..........
Residential buildings 8_____________
Nonresidential buildings (other than
military facilities)__________ _____
Industrial-------------------- ------ Educational. ...................................
Hospital and institutional .........
Administrative and service_____
Other nonresidential buildings__
Military facilities 6________________
Highways ............................. ............
Sewer and water sy stem s............ ......
Sewer________________________
W ater______ _________ _____ _
Public service enterprises________ ..
Conservation and development......... .
All other public....................................
1958
1959
Type of construction
no
350
109
69
40
30
74
15
3,172
1,732
1,315
366
51
741
174
315
3,153
1,708
1,275
382
51
743
179
316
3,082
1. 645
1, 205
388
52
754
185
326
2,959
1,559
1,125
382
52
735
193
315
167
169
169
169
148
252
80
53
52
43
24
161
520
27
75
418
18
1,579
73
147
248
79
52
53
42
22
173
512
25
71
416
17
1,554
71
157
243
75
50
62
41
25
169
494
19
76
399
20
1,466
69
146
227
70
46
51
37
23
160
486
25
77
384
19
1,388
65
428
32
259
39
55
43
120
635
133
81
52
52
421
33
262
37
49
40
105
585
128
77
51
47
98
13
411
34
257
34
40
40
95
545
123
73
50
41
96
12
100
15
120 1,575 1,671
209
2, 716 2,435
868
65
863
525
43
567
525
51
610
424
311
32
206
252
18
146
1,600 1,590
5,554 6,624
470
406
276
25
903 1,068
81
4,375 4,150
364
189
199
17
1,248, 15,033 14,127
506
63
832
386
34
239
32
43
38
88
455
118
69
49
39
87
12
4,622
370
2,877
401
530
444
1,235
5,350
1, 3S8
837
551
450
1,004
152
4, 503
473
2,825
350
439
416
1,322
4,971
1,344
781
563
393
971
117
8 Covers all building and nonbuilding construction, except production
facilities (which are included in public industrial building), and Armed
Forces housing under the Capehart program (which is included in public
residential building).
N o t e : For a description of these series, see Techniques of Preparing
Major BLS Statistical Series, BLS Bull. 1168 (1954). See also Technical
Note on Revised Estimates of Residential Additions and Alterations, 1945-56
(in M onthly Labor Review, August 1957. p. 973).
Source : Joint estimates of the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of
Labor Statistics and U.S. Department of Commerce, Business and Defense
Services Administration.
739
F.—BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION
T able F-2.
Contract awards: Public construction, by ownership and type of construction 1
Value (in millions of dollars)
1958
1959
Ownership and type of construction
Mar.
Total public construction___________ 1,058.0
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Nov.
718.4
847.3
111.1
136.4 238.3 111.9
3.2
2.2
7.8
73.4
87.7
39.3
8.2
1.3
3.2
22.4
3.4
12.6
15.9
10.3
10.8
49.2
41.2
21.9
22.4
5.9
11.0
5.2
1.3
1.1
1.4
1.2
1.8
20.2
27.7
13.1
23.7
28.1
14.7
19.2
51.5
17.0
3.2
2.0
2.0
4.2
31.0
26.9
9.5
35.8
4.2
710.9 748.5 700.7
20.1
34.7
26.9
226.1 271.9 246.0
144.1 178.2 162.0
20.2
14.4
15.1
45.2
18.7
40.8
48.2
28. a
28.8
320.5 343.6 336.3
94. i
82.1
67. C
56.2
51.8
51.4
43.0
25. i
15.2
13.6
10.9
15.;
9.5
8. S
6.1
4.É
4.8
5A
10.9
8.0
5.8
7.8
6.3
11.9
Federally owned s__________________ 345.8
.7
22.7
Residential buildings----------------37.1
Nonresldential buildings_________ 110.3
2.9
.1
Educational...............................
3.0
Hospital and Institutional____
(3)
4.1
56.0
Administrative and service----54.2
27.1
Other nonresldential buildings.
12.6
26.2
Airfield buildings.............. 4.0
1.2
Troop housing__________
2.1
.7
Warehouses..........................
21.9
12.6
All other________ ____
28.3
17.5
Airfields 4................................. ........
46.4
Conservation and development___ 106.1
6.5
.5
Highways........ .................................
54.0
1.7
Electric power...................................
17.9
7.2
All other federally owned...... ..........
State and locally ow ned........................ 712.2 607.3
19.9
16.0
Residential buildings___________
Nonresldential buildings.................. 279.9 208.6
Educational........... ............. ...... 199.4 149.1
29.7
Hospital and institutional___
38.3
10.3
Administrative and service----27.5
14.7
Other nonresldential buildings.
19.5
Highways........ .................................. 273.5 249.3
80.7
106
.4
Sewer and water systems------------56.1
52.5
Sewer_____________________
53.9
24.6
W ater.........................................
14.;
36.0
Public service enterprises................
9.4
7A
Electric power..........................
6.9
Other ____________________
26.6
6.0
6.1
Conservation and development___
16.1
6.7
All other State and locally ow ned...
986.8
812.6
i Includes major force account projects started (construction done directly
by a government agency using a separate work force to perform nonmainte
nance construction on the agency's own property).
* Includes construction contracts awarded under Lease-Purchase pro
grams which terminated with P.L. 85-844, approved August 28,1958.
* Less than $50,000.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
Mar.
1958
1957
Total
Total
954.4 1,177.7 1,277.6 1,252.1 1,812.8 1,608.0 1,165. 5 941.5 13,508.1 11,473.8
121.0
22.7
41.5
.8
.8
10.4
29.5
1.5
4.3
.1
23.6
11.4
29.4
9.9
1.0
5.1
833.4
31.7
286.7
196.6
17.3
28.1
44.7
387.5
74. S
50.5
24A
21.8
223.6 166.8 695.2 474.2
222.7
42.4 101.3
52.4
86.4
115.1
28.3
54.6
44.8 239.8 184.9
2.2
1.8
5.0
.6
13.8
.4
27.0
.1
1.2
11.2
14.0
6.9
1.2
29.1
37.8
50.0
28.6 177.0 123.8
20.7
.4
11.9
9.0
37.7
63.6
22.5
3.9
1.8
5.7
36.2
9.2
1.6
.9
1.8
10.2
14.1
54.4
30.6
67.0
17.6
53.2 150.3 120.3
21.4
2.7
73.9
23.2
23.3
6.1 133.1
9.3
25.4
8.0
3.4
11.8
13.1
18.2
1.9
6.3
13.9
4.7
31.4
17.8
55.9
3.9
955.0 1,054.0 1,085.3 1,117. 6 1,133.8
70.3
31.9
35.8
67.6
64.8
325.9 327.0 335.6 355.9
271.0
197.3
227.1 225.1 212.3 229.2
36.4
31.4
19.6
36.7
55.8
53.4
35.8
40.6
25.7
34.8
36.9
29.4
28.4
32.6
26.9
519. C 625.6 461. C 418.8
420.2
76.6
91.0 116.1 104.7 129.2
73.1
49.2
66. £ 77. a
74.5
56.1
24.1
38.8
30.2
27.2
55.4 114.0 137.4
89.4
53.9
18.9
69.4
21.2
84.2 107.3
6. (
36.5
29.8
30.1
20. (
32.7
15.8
6.4
12.2
9.0
12.0
17.1
12.5
16.2
20.3
17.6
15.8
21.0
18.3
189.7 2,959.4
33.0
592.0
987.7
79.0
51.7
5.8
95.2
14.7
183.9
16.2
656.9
42.3
13.9
196.7
4.0
89.3
4. 4
36.5
334.4
20.0
475.6
18.0
28.5
475.2
3.6
95.5
137.8
16.6
195.6
11.0
751.8 10,548.7
30.9
479.7
311.0 3,576.2
213.2 2,407.6
37.3
334.5
31.6
455.6
28.9
378.5
291.4 4,489.3
80.4 1,050.0
48.9
708.2
31.5
341.8
24.4
669.5
12.1
6.1
450.0
12.4 18.;
219.5
15.7
3.4
123.3
160.7
16.3 10.3
273.9
29.2
122.8
6.3
12.9
24.7
78.9
38.1
8.0
3.5
29.3
29.7
68.5
9.9
3.4
10.4
891.6
47.2
326.5
208.8
32.5
40.5
44.7
365.5
95.9
66. C
29.9
24.5
2, 317.3
406.2
776.5
48.4
78.9
148.3
500.9
98.9
60.9
35.0
306.1
182.2
563.8
91.5
140.3
156.8
9,156. 5
326.7
3, 409. 4
2, 450. 5
287.1
315.4
356.4
3,825.1
1,034.2
619.4
414.8
364.2
200.1
164. :
112.7
84.
4 Beginning with January 1958, includes missile launching facilities which
were previously included under “ All other federally owned.”
Source : U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics and U .8.
Department of Commerce, Business and Defense Services Administration.
740
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
T able
F-3.
Building-permit activity: Valuation, by private-public ownership, class of construction,
and type of building 1
V a lu atio n (in m illio n s of dollars)
Class of construction, ownership, and
type of building
1959
M a r.
A ll building construction____________
P riv ate _________________________
P u b lic.......... ......................... ...............
Feb.
1958
Jan .2
Dec.2 Nov.
Aug.
J u ly
June
M ay
A p r.
M ar.2 Feb 2
Total
777.5
755.8
748.7
914.6 1,128. 4 1,118.0 1,053.0 1,083.2 1,056.1 1,024.3
959.1
781.1
538.5 10,998.0
760.1
749.1
611.2
25.0
10.1
102.2
11.0
17.4
545.0
208.1
11.8
2.0
7.8
111.7
737.7
705.3
670.3
22.6
13.0
99.4
32.5
18.1
492.9
204.6
13.9
5.2
7.7
90.3
733.7
716.7
599.2
20.5
11.6
85.5
17.0
14.9
462.8
162.3
11.3
1.7
8.9
69.9
899.6 1,108.0 1,104.7 1,035.6 1,062. 8 1,037. 4 1,001. 9
876.3 1,084. 0 1,021. 4 982.1 1,039.3 953.6 935. 8
734.2 951.8 898.0 856.4 888.0 838.4 813.3
25.5
26.1
25.2
25.5
23.7
22.2
25.5
12.9
13.5
15.1
14.2
10.3
14.5
11.6
103.6
92.6
83.0
86.0 113.2
82.7
85.4
23.4
83.4
23.9
53.5
23.5
83.8
66.1
15.0
20.4
13.3
17.5
20.4
18. 7
22.4
458.2 603.2 572.2 719.9 672.9 795.1 727.6
153.7 219.2 171.9 249.2 236.2 201.4 263.0
12.3
12.8
14.3
16.1
21.9
30.8
17.6
1.5
4.5
3.7
5.6
8.9
6.8
4.1
8.8
11.4
10.8
10. 4
11.0
11.0
11.2
62.3 106.5
63.8 117.3
92.6
64.0 139.9
942.8
916.9
793.2
27. 5
10.8
85.4
25.8
16.3
656.9
269.9
17.8
6.6
11.6
116.7
761.9
732.3
625.2
21.3
11.0
74.7
29.6
19.2
591.1
229.1
13.3
5.0
11.4
120.1
526.6 10, 792. 7
493.0 lo! 303. 6
420.6 8,886.4
15.7
275 7
8.4
143.0
48.3
998. 4
33 6
489.1
205 3
11 9
454.7 7,172. 7
149.7 2, 447 4
14. 7
192 9
56 0
3 4
125 5
8 8
64.8 1,074! 8
74.7
219.1
135.9
56.3
26.8
5.4
54.6
21.2
36.7
138.0
87.5
170.7
109.7
34.5
26.4
4.8
52.6
19.4
40.8
125.6
70.5
181.9
99.7
50.4
31.8
6.0
47.9
27.2
37.5
124.3
68.9
189.1
112. 6
40.5
36.0
13.1
55.4
21.7
25.2
126.9
117.2
219.5
119.2
51.0
49.2
18.2
61.9
36.9
50.6
181.1
79.3
236.7
159.7
40.8
36.2
10.3
61. 7
21 2
32 0
151.6
58 0
173. 7
120 0
26.2
27.4
4.8
45 4
47 4
33 8
120.8
1 D ata relate to building construction authorized by local building perm its
in al! localities (over 7,000) having building-perm it systems—rural nonfarm
as well as urban. Figures on the am ount of construction contracts awarded
for Federal projects and for public housing (Federal, State, and local) in
erm it-issuing places are added to the valuation d ata (estimated cost entered
y builders on building-permit applications) for privately owned projects;
construction undertaken by State and local governments is reported by local
officials. Because perm it valuations generally understate the actual cost of
construction and because of lapsed perm its and the lag between perm it
F-4.
Sept.
2,122.0 1,460. 5 1,374.4 1,335.8 1,499. 8 1,907. 7 1,857. 3 1,942.0 1,952.6 2,042.6 1,920.1 1, 797.1 1,523.8 1,114.1 20,086. 9
1,940.0 1,284.4 1,181.2 1,148.2 1,359. 7 1,689. 6 1, 597.2 1,665. 6 1, 732.9 1, 703.1 1,557.7 1, 568.3 1,315.7 936.2 17,291.0
182.0
176.1 193.1 187.7 140.1 218.0 260.1 276.4 219.8 339.5 362.4 228.8 208.1 177.8 2,795.9
New residential building_____________ 1,216.9
Dwelling units ( h o u s e k e e p i n g
o n ly )...... ............................................ 1,190.5
Privately ow ned_____________ 1,178.3
1-familv____ ____________
993.7
2-family_________________
41.1
3- and 4-family___________
18.3
5-or-rnore fam ily__________
125.2
Publiclv o w n e d ...........................
12.2
Nonhousekeeping buildings_______
26.4
New nonresidential buildings...... ........._
726.0
Commercial buildings___________
331.6
A m usem ent buildings________
22.3
Commercial garages____ _____
3.8
Gasoline and service sta tio n s...
11.4
Office buildings__________ _
198.2
Stores and other mercantile
buildings__________________
95.9
C om m unity buildings___________
212.4
Educational buildings________
132.7
Institutional buildings_______
41.4
Religious b uildings__________
38.3
Garages, private residential______
12.3
Industrial buildings....... ...............
96.1
Public utilities buildings_________
28.4
All other nonresidential buildings..
45.2
A dditions and alterations____________
179.1
T able
Oct.
1958
83.9
224.1
149.3
33.0
41.7
21.4
71.7
34.1
32.7
176.1
79.4
248.5
169.8
37.5
41.3
21.9
66.1
33.6
30.2
167.1
99.8
261.1
171.0
49.9
40.1
19.4
70.8
64.0
55.4
169.0
97.6
92.9
268.6 235.0
139.4 144.0
78.1
47.5
43.5
51.2
19.4
19.2
61.5 » 204.1
30.4
24.2
62.9 105.1
196.5 191.4
90.3
276.6
149.9
81.0
45.6
19.1
53.6
55.5
59.9
168.2
998 2
2,683. 9
1, 644. 3
569 2
470 3
178 7
873. 6
424 6
564 6
1,916.2
issuance or contract-aw arded dates and start of construction, these data do
not represent the volume of building construction started.
2 Revised.
3 Includes a retroactive building perm it issued during the m onth for a steel
plant, valued at $120 million, which was actually begun earlv in 1957.
N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal
totals.
S ource : U.S. D epartm ent of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Building-permit activity: Valuation, by class of construction and geographic region 1
V a lu atio n (in m illio n s of d ollars)
Class of construction and
geographic region
F 1959
M ar.
Feb.'1 J a n .2
1958
D ec.2 Nov.
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
1958
June
M ay
Apr.
M ar.2 F e b .2
Total
All building construction 3....................... 2,122. 0 1,460.5 1,374. 4 1,335. 8 1,499. 8 1,907. 7 1,857.3 1,942. 0 1,952.6 2,042. 6 1,920.1 1, 797.1 1,523.8 1,114.1 20.086. 9
N o rth east_______________________
517.2
349.3 276.3 269.2 325.2 358. 4 385.3 397. 1 364.2 387.1 380. 4 360.4 273.8 190.2 3,918.9
N orth C en tral___________________
489.0
267.5 246.3 306.3 439.6 575.9 542.2 519.3 568.0 643. 2 531.5 539.0 395.9 224.8 5,532. 6
S outh__________________________
539.6
425.7 424.6 366.6 383.1 516.2 473.8 532.6 499.3 508.3 518.2 457.1 419.4 371.7 5,420. 8
W e s t . . ............ ......................................
576.1
418.0 426.9 393.7 351.9 457.2 456.0 493.1 521.1 504.0 489.9 440.6 434.6 327.3 5, 214. 6
New dwelling units (housekeeping
o n ly )........................................................... 1,190. 5
760.1 737.7 733.7 899.6 1,108.0 1,104. 7 1,035. 6 1,062.8 1,037. 4 1,001.9 942.8 761.9 526.6 10, 792. 7
N ortheast_______________________
237.7
142.6 124.4 131.3 191.7 199.2 231.8 195.4 198.1 203.2 220.8 189.2 130.3
60.4 2,035.9
N orth C entral____ ______________
294.5
149.0 130.1 157.5 262.6 336.8 318.0 278.2 304.9 279.9 273.7 278.4 205.5 102.9 2,913. 9
South__________________________
305.1
243.6 229.1 204.3 219.6 283.1 282 7 267.5 275.8 281.3 245.7 248.5 218.9 197.8 2, 919. 7
W e s t . . ..................................................
353.1
224.9 254.1 240.6 225.7 288.9 272.3 294.4 284.0 273.1 261.7 226.6 207.2 165.5 2,923. 2
New nonresidential buildings.................
726.0
545.0 492.9 462.8 458.2 603.2 572.2 719.9 672.9 795.1 727.6 656.9 591.1 454.7 7,172. 7
N o rth east____ _____ ____ ________
234.4
174.3 119.7 109.5 101.0 118.8 115.9 156.6 121.5 137.1 123.7 132.1 114.0 107.8 1.452.3
N orth C en tral_____ _____________
146.3
90.7
91.4 120.3 142.4 184.4 173.5 196.4 208.9 311.4 210.9 211.0 148.2
92.3 2,095. 2
S outh__________________________
177.1
137.1 154.9 123.5 123.1 181.5 141.2 212.8 162.0 174.4 216.5 151.5 155.2 131.9 1.904.3
W est____ ______________________
168.2
142.9 126.9 109.6
91.6 118.4 141.6 154.1 180.6 172. 2 176.5 162.3 173.6 122.8 1, 721.0
Additions and alterations____________
179.1
138.0 125.6 124.3 126. 9 176.1 167.1 169.0 196.5 191.4 168.2 181.1 151.6 120.8 1,916.2
N o rth east_______________________
37.8
29.5
30.7
28.9
25.6
35.5
36.7
41.3
42.5
44.2
34.9
35.9
28.2
20.8
399.6
N orth C en tral___________________
42.5
26.2
23.2
31.4
26.8
48.3
50.6
45.4
41.7
48.2
48.6
46.5
40.1
28.3
491.2
S outh__________________________
50.0
39.7
34.9
35.9
33.9
48.2
45.0
45.3
53.7
48.9
45.7
51.2
41.8
37.8
531.2
W est __________________________
48.7
42.7
36.8
30.7
38.0
38.2
40.6
40.8
51.6
50.1
47.6
42.2
41.5
33.9
494.2
1 See footnote 1, table F-3.
3Revised.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
* In c lu d e s n ew n o n h o u sek eep in g resid en tial b u ild in g , n o t sh o w n sep a ra te ly .
S ource: U.S. D e p a r tm e n t of L a b o r, B u re a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s.
F.—BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION
T able
741
F-5. Building-permit activity: Valuation, by metropolitan-nonmetropolitan location and S tate1
Valuation (in millions of dollars)
State and location
1959
Feb.
Jan.8 Dec.8 Nov.
1958
Oct.
Sept.
Aug.
July
June
May
Apr.
Mar 8 Feb.8
1958
1957
Total
Total
All S tates................................................ 1,460.5 1,374. 4 1,335.8 1,499.8 1,907.7 1,857.3 1, 942.0 1,952.6 2,042. 6 1, 920.1 1, 797.1 1, 523.8 1,114.1 20.086.9 18,168.8
Metropolitan areas s._ .................. 1,168. 0 1,089.4 1,045.3 1,176. 4 1,493. 7 1,446. 4 1,533. 2 1, 533. 0 1,581.6 1, 483.0 1, 388. 9 1,203.1 884.1 15, 718.1 14,130.7
Nonmetropolitan areas__________ 292.5 285.0 290.5 323.4 414.0 410.9 408.8 419.6 461.0 437.1 408.2 320.7 230.0 4,368. 8 4,038.1
Alabama------ ------ ----------------------21.5
21.4
16.7
16.3 21.1
23.9
18.8
22.8
25.3
20. 8 18.2
21.1
16.6
236.8
190.6
Arizona________________________ —
25.8
27.6
24.6
18.3
26.0
39.9
23.6
25.5
23.0
33.1
20.5
23.6
19.9
292.2
224.6
6.4
6.6
Arkansas_________________________
6.6
4.1
7.5
6.6
7.0
7.5
9.8
5.3
7.9
6.3
4.6
77.5
72.7
California................................................ 299.3 293.4 269.6 240.4 301.2 298.7 313.8 373.2 340.4 308. 1 275.0 318.7 208.8 3, 500. 6 3,055. 5
Colorado____________________ ____17.3
24.5
25.0
27.4
27.4
26.3
27.9
25.5
34.8
37.9
25.6
15.1
24.3
313.0
261.9
Connecticut...... ......................... -...........
19.3
18.9
20.0
27.6
32.6
33.1
32.0
35.4
30.8
30.6
30.9
20.2
17.7
328.6
390.6
Delaware_____ _________________
3.0
3.3
2.7
5.9
8.3
13.1
8.4
7.6
6.2
6.7
3.6
6.1
6.9
82.4
68.9
District of Columbia_______________
2.4
6.1
5.3
21.3
10.5
42.9
12. 6
10.3
13.8
66. 5
8.3
220. 9
6.6
9.3
133.8
Florida_______________ __________
87.9
80.3
73.9
65.0
93.0
76.7
88. 9 78.3
84.1
81.6
83.3
69.6
83.5
948.8
948.0
Georgia____________ _______ ______
28.4
37.6
30.3
28.4
24.3
24.4
26.4
23.7
25.8
27.8
36.6
27.3
19.6
321.3
252.4
3.1
2.9
Idaho_______ _____________________
2.4
5.0
4.0
3.9
4.5
4.6
3.5
4.5
6.9
3.9
1.6
45. 5
38.2
Illinois---------------------------------------66.9 115.8 122.9 115.0 106.5 130.0 233.0 136.2 112.9 110.6
61.1
64.9
54.0 1,362. 6 1,240.0
Indiana_____ _____________________
18.4
21.9
17.9
28.8
33.3
33.2
40.6
33.4
43.3
33.1
30.4
21.3
33.7
375. 5
419. 5
Iowa---------- ------ ------- --------------»—
8.9
8.9
10.0
15.2
21.6
26.3
20.5
36.9
19.3
18.5
16.8
17. 4
3.9
212.9
160. 5
Kansas. ________________________
9.9
12.4
8.3
12.5
13.5
15.8
12.7
11.3
12.6
14.3
14.6
10.6
10.0
149.3
134.8
Kentucky______________ __________
13.4
8.4
7.7
12.8
17.3
19.2
17.8
15.6
12.2
19.8
15.5
13.5
6.3
172.1
169 1
Louisiana__________________ ____ _
22.7
19.0
23.0
21.7
29.4
34.6
26.6
35.1
29.3
29 6 21.0
31.2
17.3
327.3
250. 5
M a in e ..____ ____________ _______
.4
.9
1.0
3.1
4.2
3.3
2.3
3.4
4.4
2.9
4.1
.9
.3
30. 7
29. 2
M ary lan d .----------- ---------------- ------27.6
28.6
32.2
41.5
41.2
46.0
67.4
39.4
49.1
48.3
35.5
35.7
29.3
479.3
448.7
Massachusetts......... ................ ...............
22.1
21.5 33.2
34.1
42.1
41.0
34.8
48.3
47.4
68.8
50.3
31.5
14.0
469.5
440.5
M ich ig an ............................. ..................
40.3
33.8
38.9
66.3
88.1 104.8
95.7
88.3
90.6
83.3
78.9
64.5
27.7
867.3
933. 4
M in n eso ta__________________ _____
16.5
22. 1 29.3
16 .a
55.6
40.8
45.6
54.4
39.8
51. 5 60.4
22.1
14.1
449.8
390. 7
Mississippi_______________________
2.5
4.8
3.9
4.0
3.2
6.7
4.8
3.9
3.1
6.6
2.9
7.3
54.5
54. 2
M issouri.. _____________ _____ ___
23.4
30.2
29.2
50.7
35.2
39.4
32.3
40.7
40.4
31.1
31.9
23.1
18.7
385. 2
302.0
M ontana _____________ _____ ____
1.5
1.1
1.2
3.9
5.6
4.0
4.0
3.8
2.9
4.5
1.5
4.7
1.4
38.9
35.1
Nebraska_________________________
9.4
5.7
5.4
8.6
10.1
15.1
12.4
9.0
7.1
11.8
17.1
5.4
2.5
111.8
78. 5
Nevada__ _______________________
4.6
5.4
6.1
4.7
4.4
5.4
4.1
4.3
5.9
5.7
8.3
3.8
4. 7
63. 2
60.2
New Hampshire______ ______ _____
3.0
24
1.5
1.8
2.8
2.5
3.2
2.7
4.3
2.7
2.5
3.4
2.0
32.7
30
1
New Jersey..............................................
46.6
40.6
63.9
43.0
77.0
62.8
75.0
73.3
65.6
80.0
62.6
76.7
763.3
27.8
727 4
New Mexico----------- ------------ --------10.2
11.7
12.5
7.8
15.1
15.0
12.9
11.4
11.6
12.1
6.8
9.6
8.5
134.5
88.4
New York. --------- ------------------------ 208.4 134.5 120.4 134.6 126.8 160. 7 181.2 129.3 128.3 145 7 122.1 102.7
91.4 1, 529.1 1,453.4
North Carolina____________________
18.5
15.7
20.1
18.6
17.1
17.4
20. 1 19.6
20.9
26 3 22.7
17.6
18.0
231.7
’ 194.3
North Dakota-------------- ------- --------.4
.3
.5
2.9
5.3
5.3
6.4
4.6
4.6
7.9
5.6
1.6
.4
45.2
37.2
Ohio------ ------------ ------------ ----------78.2
60.8
46.4
77.3 122.6
97.5 108.2 116.3 115.8
98.2 118.8
78.7
52.0 1,116. 5 1,093.7
Oklahoma________________ _______
15.2
13.1
14.1
12.4
11.0
18.3
16.6
14.5
13.2
16.8
14.4
22.6
15.9
180.9
121.3
Oregon______________ ___________
10.7
12.8
11.3
10.0
19.3
17.0
16.0
16.7
22.7
18.4
36.2
12.9
197.9
9.7
138 9
Pennsylvania....... ................ ..................
39.9
51.7
54.1
54. 1 67.2
73.3
66.2
62.3
74.8
65.7
68.6
47.7
35.2
697. 5
749 3
Rhode island_____________________
3.0
2.5
4.7
4.3
3.0
5.2
6.2
6.9
7.4
4.6
4.5
3.7
1.6
55.0
48 8
South Carolina-----------------------------5.3
6.2
4.9
7.9
6.5
5.6
6.9
6.0
9.3
7.5
6.6
5. 4
4.8
74.0
63 4
South Dakota. ___________ _______
1.9
1.4
3.6
1.5
4.2
3.3
4.3
3.5
2.4
4.1
3.6
3.4
.6
35.6
36.4
Tennessee............. ................- .............—
12.8
19.5
17.9
17.1
19.3
17.9
23.9
21.8
20.0
24.5
25.8
15.1
22.7
233.0
179.3
Texas____________________________
88.9
94.9 102.5
99.4 106.1 112.3 128.0 108.1 103.7 102.4
88.3
97.6
77.6 1,190.3 1,013. 4
U tah. _________ _________________
12.4
8.5
5.9
7.1
11.3
10.3
15.7
15.9
16.3
16.7
20.8
14.2
12.4
159.4
113. 5
Vermont___ _________ ____________
.4
3.1
.7
.2
.6
1.3
.9
.5
2.7
.7
.6
1.1
.2
12. 6
15.6
Virginia................................... ..............
30.3
40.0
35.5
32.0
86.0
40.2
44.3
47.3
68.1 38.5 36.2 35.0 26.5 502.9 385.2
Washington------- ---------- --------------30.4
45.4
30.5
40.5
25.6
43.1
55.9
36.6
37. 5 45.8
34.8
28.3
34.3
440.4
West Virginia___ _________ ____ ____
2.7
4. 1
7.1
3.2
7.1
5.8
5.3
7.3
6.4
13.6
11.1 6. 4 5. 5 81.1 335.3
80. 8
Wisconsin............................................ — 17.8
21.9
28.5
41.7
18.1
43.8
38.7
46.2
42.4
46. 7 44. 1 28.2
19.8
421.0
Wyoming________________________
2.4
2.0
1.8 2.4 2.6 3.5 2.3 3.1 3.1 2.0 2.9 1.8 29.0 457.8
1.5
21.1
i See footnote 1, table F-3.
8 Revised.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
8 Comprised of 168 Standard Metropolitan Areas used in 1950 Census.
Soukce: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, JUNE 1959
742
T able
F-6.
Number of new permanent nonfarm dwelling units started, by ownership and location,
and construction co st1
Number of new dwelling units started
Period
Total
Privately Publicly
owned
owned
1950.................................. - .............
1951.................................................
1952.................................................
1953..................................................
1954.................................................
1955..................................................
1956.................................................
1957....................................- ...........
1958 .................... .................. ........
1,396,000
1,091,300
1,127,000
1,103,800
1, 220,400
1,328,900
1,118,100
1,041.900
1,209, 400
1,020,100
1954: First quarter........................
Second quarter....................
Third quarter.......................
Fourth quarter.....................
1955: First quarter........................
Second quarter__________
Third quarter----------------Fourth quarter__________
1956: First quarter........................
January.............................
February...........................
March................................
Second quarter_____ ____
April..................................
M ay........... .......................
June_________________
Third quarter___________
July....................................
August........................... —
September...... ..................
Fourth quarter__________
October........ ................. .
November__ __________
December___ _________
1957: First quarter..................... ...
January.............................
February_____________
M arch........... .............. .
Second quarter__________
April_________________
M ay..................................
June...................................
Third quarter..................... .
July....................................
August........................... .
September________ ____
Fourth quarter....................
October_______________
November...... ............. .
December.........................
1958: First quarter____________
January___ ___________
February___ _________
M arch.......................... .
Second q u arter................
April-------------------------May _______________
J u n e ................................
Third quarter.......................
July.............................. —
August...............................
September___________
Fourth quarter..................
October ............................
November____ ________
December___ _________
1959: First q u arter5________ .
Ja n u ary 4_______ _ . ..
February 3_____ ______
March 3....... ........ ........... .
Second quarter___
A pril3________________
236,800
332, 700
346,000
304,900
291,300
404,100
362, 300
271, 200
252, 100
75,100
78, 400
98,600
332,500
111,400
113, 700
107, 400
298, 900
232,200
326,500
339,300
303, 700
288,000
397,000
357, 800
266, 700
244,600
73,700
77,000
93,900
325,300
109,900
110, 800
104,600
292,900
99,000
103,200
90,700
231,100
91,200
77,000
62,900
202, 500
60,100
63,100
79,300
282,800
91,400
96,900
94,500
280,900
93,900
96,800
90,200
226,600
88,400
75,700
62,500
101,100
103,900
93,900
234,600
93,600
77,400
63,600
217,000
64,200
65,800
87,000
296,600
93,700
103,000
99,900
289, 700
97,800
100,000
91,900
238, 600
97,000
78,200
63,400
215, 400
67,900
1,352,200
1,068, 500
1,068,300
1,201, 700
1,309, 500
1,093,900
992. 800
1,141, 500
201,200
81, 400
320, 600
99,100
108, 500
113, 000
357,800
112,800
124,000
121, 000
315, 600
115,000
109,400
91,200
296,000
87,000
89,000
120, 000
62,900
61,000
77,300
296, 800
94,200
101, 300
101,300
334,100
108,600
114,600
110, 900
309, 400
112, 900
107,000
89, 500
289,000
84,100
87,900
117, 000
137,000
133, 200
66,100
Metro Nonmetro N orth North
politan
politan
east Central South
places
places
43,800 1,021,600
776,800
71,200
58,500
794,900
35,500
803, 500
18, 700 896,900
19,400
975,800
779,800
24,200
49,100
699, 700
67,900
827,000
4,600
6,200
1,200
6,700
3,300
7,100
4, 500
4,500
7,500
1,400
1,400
4, 700
7,200
1, 500
2,900
2,800
6,000
2,100
700
3,200
3,500
2,400
400
700
14,500
4,100
2,700
7,700
13,800
2,300
6,100
5,400
8,800
3,900
3,200
1,700
174,300
244,000
252,800
225,800
221,800
294,800
263,400
195,800
183, 800
54,300
57,600
71,900
228i 300
76,200
77,600
74,500
202,900
69,700
70,900
62,300
164,800
64, 900
54, 800
45,100
149,100
44,000
46,600
58, 500
200,300
63,500
68,200
374,000
314,500
332,100
300,300
323,500
353,100
338,300
342,200
382, 400
62,500
88,700
93, 200
79,100
69,500
109,300
98, 900
75,400
68,300
20,800
20,800
26, 700
104,200
35,200
36,100
32,900
96,000
31,400
33,000
31,600
69,800
28, 700
22,600
18, 500
67,900
20,200
19,200
28,500
96,300
30,200
34,800
31,300
97,100
34,400
32,300
30,400
80,900
35,200
25,700
3,000
68,600
192,600
63,400
67,700
61,500
157,700
61,800
52,500
43, 400
143, 700
44, 500
44,400
54,800
218,100
67, 400
73,900
76,800
248, 400
80,600
82,800
85,000
216,800
79,100
73,900
63,800
204, 700
61,900
61, 500
81,300
71,700
23, 400
21,700
26, 600
102, 500
31, 700
34,600
36,200
109,400
32,200
41,200
36,000
98,800
35,900
35, 500
27,400
91,300
25,100
27,500
38, 700
3,800
96,000
41,000
12,000
8,600
2,500
900
14,200
5,000
5,100
4,100
23,800
4, 900
7,200
11,700
23, 700
4,200
9,400
10,100
6,200
2,100
2,400
1, 700
7,000
2,900
1,100
• Excludes temporary units, conversions, dormitory accommodations,
trailers, and military barracks; Includes prefabricated housing If permanent.
These estimates are based on (1) monthly building-permit reports adjusted
for lapsed permits and for lag between permit issuance and the start of con
struction, (2) continuous field surveys In nonpermit-issuing places, and (3)
reports of public construction contract awards.
Private construction costs are based on permit valuation adjusted for
understatement of costs shown on permit applications. Public construction
costs are based on contract values or estimated construction costs for Indi
vidual projects.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Estimated construction co st1
(in thousands)
Location
20,000
0
0
0
(J)
243,100
273,100
228,800
195,500
210, 900
0
0
0
0
325,800
0
0
0
0
359, 700
West
(‘
<3
(3
291,800
(J
356,000
303.100
258,400
289, 600
389,000
334,200
346,300
413, 300
310,800
252,000
241, 700
295,600
47,400 52,700
67,300 98, 400
72, 500 97,800
55,900 76,900
53,100 63,400
89,100 116,600
75,400 108,000
55, 500 68,000
45,700 58,200
12,400 15,700
14,400 16,400
18,900 26,100
72,300 98,100
23,400 33,600
24,700 33, 300
24,200 31,200
61,800 87, 200
21,800 29,900
20,800 29,200
19,200 28,100
49,000 59, 600
20,100 26,200
16,500 19,200
12,400 14,200
33,800 46,800
9,300 10,700
9,700 14,000
14,800 22,100
60,700 77,200
19,900 23,700
20,900 25,700
19,900 27,800
57,900 79,300
19,200 27,000
21,800 27,300
16,900 25,000
43,100 55,100
19,500 24,200
13,800 17,400
9,800 13,500
27,300 40,300
77,600
90,900
99,900
91,300
95,900
109,700
99,400
84,000
83,200
27, 200
26,800
29,200
93,200
31,100
32,800
29,300
86, 500
27, 700
30,700
28,100
71,300
27, 500
22,700
59,100
76,100
75,800
80,800
78,900
88,700
79,500
63,700
65,000
19, 800
20,800
24, 400
68,900
23,300
22,900
22,700
63,400
21, 700
23,200
18, 500
54, 700
19,800
19,000
15,900
56,400
18,200
17,500
20,700
65,900
8,000 11,100
7,000 11,200
21,100
80,000
26,000
24,600
29,400
92,800
28,100
33,700
31,000
91,200
31,500
31,000
28,700
82,300
30,100
28,200
24, 000
88,100
22,000
22,700
21,200
61,300
20,100
19,900
21,300
58,100
23,200
18,800
16,100
59,700
20,100
24,000
54,000
19,900
20,800
13,300
18,000
79,400
25,700
27,000
26, 700
91,600
28,600
30,700
32,300
78,300
31,800
28,900
17,600
28,700
28,700
30,700
103,300
33, 000
32, 600
37, 700
117, 900
36,200
42,400
39, 300
104,000
36,300
34,600
33,100
19,200
20, 400
74,100
21, 500
25,500
27,100
82, 500
28, 400
28,700
25,400
79, 300
27,000
25,100
27,200
13,000
14,100
34,100
25,800
12,300
63, 800
18,900
23,400
21, 500
65,800
19,600
22,200
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Privately
owned
Publicly
owned
$11, 788, 595 $11,418,371
9, 800, 892
9,186,123
9, 706,276
10, 208,983
10, 488,003 10,181,185
12,478, 237 12,309,200
14, 544,647 14, 345,829
13,077,027 12, 814, 776
12,693,995 12,126,800
14, 499,360 13, 678,459
$370,224
614, 769
502, 707
306,818
169,037
198,818
262, 251
667,195
820,901
2,240,448
3,454, 571
3, 590, 366
3,192, 852
3,076,198
4,416,285
4,025, 441
3,026, 723
2,846,008
814,448
887,138
1,144,422
3,923, 607
1, 309,175
1,346, 587
1,267,845
3, 532,193
1,201,139
1,227,269
1,103,785
2, 775,219
1,103,963
930,642
740,614
2,609,458
752,234
784,019
1,073, 205
3,645, 531
1,152,166
1, 264,385
1, 228,980
3,535,278
1,198,141
1, 207, 763
1,129,374
2,903, 728
1,195,309
946,481
761,938
2, 545, 836
792,338
781,091
972, 407
3,887,966
1,192,669
1,323, 709
1, 371, 588
4,298,122
1,362,890
1,466,281
1, 468,951
3, 767,436
1,405,196
1,298,532
1, 063, 708
3,483,799
986,589
1,058,810
1,438,400
2,199,446
3, 398,898
3, 528, 471
3,182,385
3,043,959
4,349,159
3, 981,182
2, 971, 529
2, 761,446
800, 665
871, 700
1,089,081
3, 844,192
1, 293,488
1,312, 890
1,237, 814
3, 471, 787
1,179, 266
1, 222, 281
1,070, 240
2, 737,351
1,078,142
925,991
733, 218
2,432, 406
704,917
751,813
975,676
3, 479,262
1,123,385
1,191,789
1,164,088
3, 443, 443
1,154, 771
1,176, 600
1,112,072
2,771,689
1,098,140
921,444
752,105
2,381,075
737,414
718,862
924, 799
3, 606,142
1,136, 659
1,237, 717
1,231,766
3, 998, 531
1,311, 702
1,346,297
1,340, 532
3, 692, 711
1,378,326
1,269,279
1,045,106
3,404,394
954,384
1,046,010
1, 404, 000
41,002
55,673
61,895
10,467
32,239
67,126
44, 259
55,194
84, 562
13,783
16,438
55,341
79, 415
15,687
33,697
30,031
60,406
21,873
4,988
33, 545
37.868
26, 821
4,651
7,396
177,052
47,317
32,206
97, 529
166, 269
28,781
72,596
64,892
91,835
43,370
31,163
17,302
132,039
97,169
25,037
9,833
164, 761
54,924
62,229
47,608
281,824
56, 010
85,992
139,822
299, 591
51,188
119, 984
128, 419
74, 725
26,870
29,253
18,602
79,405
32,205
12,800
34,400
1,646,079
1,598,400
47,679
*Not available.
3 Preliminary.
4 Revised.
N ote : For a description of these series, see Techniques of Preparing
Major BLS Statistical Series, BLS Bull. 1168 (1954).
Soubce: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
# . S . G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G O F F I C E : 1959
New Publications Available
For Sale
Order sale publications from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing
Office, Washington 25, D.C. Send check or money order, payable to the Superintendent
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of the Bureau’s regional offices. (See inside front cover for the addresses of these offices.)
BLS Bull. 1240-7: Occupational Wage Survey, Denver, Colo., December
1958. 15 pp. 20 cents.
BLS Bull. 1248: Paid Holiday Provisions in Major Union Contracts, 1958.
25 pp. 25 cents.
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