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M oney Disbursements o f W age Earners and Clerical W orkers in Eight Cities in the East N orth Central Region 1934-36 By F A IT H M . W IL L IA M S and A L IC E C . H A N S O N Assisted b y G E N E V IE V E B. W IM S A T T o f the Bureau o f Labor Statistics Bulletin A£o. 636 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S U. S. D EP A R T M E N T OF LABOR F rances P erkins , Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS ISADOR LUBIN Commissioner S id n e y W . W il c o x Chief Statistician A. F. H i n r i c h s Chief Economist H S. H a n n a Chief Editorial and Research ugh STAFF FOR THE STUD Y OF M O N E Y D ISBU R SEM E N T S OF W A G E E A R N E R S AN D CLERICAL W O R K E R S IN EIG H T CITIES IN TH E F EA ST N ORTH C EN TR AL R EGION M. W i l l i a m s Chief Cost of Living Division G ertrude a it h S c h m i d t W e i s s and A l i c e C. H General Directors of Field Work anso n A l i c e C. H a n s o n General Director of Tabulation E dna D . H orner Assistant Director of Tabulation D ir e c t o r s L o u i s e E i s e n l o h r , Cincinnati. R o l l i n J . S t i c k l e and A n n J a m Cleveland. A n n J a m e s , Columbus L o u i s e S . K l u m p p , Indianapolis L e o n a r d L i n s e n m a y e r , Milwaukee of F ie l d W F es, ork R. R i c e and A r t h u r L . R a y H a w k , Regional Directors of Field Work in all Michigan cities, assisted by— W i l l i a m D a v i s , A r t h u r W. H e r l i h y , and E i l e e n L e a c h rances SUPER VISO R S OF T A B U L A T IO N IN TH E Jo seph B o r us, FIELD K a t h r y n H e a t h , E p p a H e a t o n , A r t h u r W. H W. H e r b s t , B e l l e R a n k i n , and H a r r y W i n c k e l e r l ih y , A l ic e U N IT E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R F r a n c e s P e r k in s , S ecreta ry B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S I s a d o r L u b i n , C o m m is s io n e r M oney Disbursements o f W ag e Earners and Clerical W ork ers in Eight Cities in the East N orth Central Region 1 9 3 4 -3 6 By F A IT H M . W IL L IA M S and A L IC E C . H A N S O N A s s is te d b y G E N E V I E V E B . W I M S A T T o f t h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s Bulletin 7S[o. 636 U N IT E D ST A T E S G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G W A S H IN G T O N O F F IC E : 1940 F o r s a le b y t h e S u p e r in t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , W a s h in g t o n , D . C . P r ic e 5 0 c e n ts CONTENTS Page P r e f a c e _____________________________________________________________________________ ix S u m m a r y _____________________________________________________________________________ 1 P a r t I . W h it e F a m i l i e s : C h a p t e r 1. Incom e Level and M on ey D isbu rsem ent__________________ 7 Current expenditures of each city group as a w h ole________________ F o o d _________________________________________________________________ 7 7 H ou sin g ______________________________________________________________ 8 C lo th in g _____________________________________________________________ 9 O ther ite m s__________________________________________________________ 9 F am ily in com e___________________________________________________________ D istribu tion of expenditures at successive incom e levels__________ 10 16 Variations in m oney disbursem ents--------------------------------------------- 21 In com e levels and planes of liv in g ____________________________________ 23 Size and com postion of fa m ily ____________________________________ 23 Planes of living determ ined b y fam ily size as well as in com e. _ 25 E quivalence between total expenditures and econom ic le v e ls. 29 Order of expenditures a t different econom ic levels__________________ 29 Expenditures a t tw o econom ic levels_____________________________ 33 Changes in assets and liabilities________________________________________ C h a p t e r 2 . Expenditures for Specified G oods____________________________ 34 41 F o o d _______________________________________________________________________ 41 Annual food expenditures_________________________________________ 41 F ood expenditures in 1 week in spring and winter q u a r te rs.. H ou sin g ___________________________________________________________________ H o m e ownership____________________________________________________ 42 48 48 Size of h om es_______________________________________________________ 48 G arage_______________________________________________________________ 50 50 H ou sin g facilities___________________________________________________ H ou sin g expenditures____________________________________________________52 H o m e ow ners__________________________________________________ 52 R en ters_________________________________________________________ 54 Vacation housing and room rent at sch ool________________ 54 Fuel, light, and refrigeration________________________________ 54 Other item s of household operation________________________ 55 Furnishings and equ ip m en t____________________________________________ 56 C lo th in g ___________________________________________________________________ 57 Variability of clothing expenditures_____________________________ 57 T o ta l expenditure per fam ily for cloth in g______________________ 58 G ifts of clothing______________________ - _____________________________ 58 C loth in g expenditures for m en and b o y s________________________ 58 Clothing expenditures for w om en and girls_____________________ 61 O ccupational differences in clothing expenditures_____________ 63 T ran sp ortation___________________________________________________________ 66 R ecreation________________________________________________________________ 69 Personal care_____________________________________________________________ 69 h i iv CONTENTS P a r t I. W h it e F a m i l i e s — C ontinued. C h a p t e r 2. Expenditures for Specified G oods— Continued. Page M edical care______________________________________________________________ F o rm a l education________________________________________________________ 70 72 V o c a tio n ___________________________________________________________________ G ifts and contributions to individuals and to com m unity welfare 73 agencies, and direct ta x es_____________________________________________ 73 M iscellaneous ite m s______________________________________________________ C h a p t e r 3. A Generation of Changing L iving Stand ards________________ 74 75 D istribu tion of current expenditures in 1 9 3 4 -3 6 as com pared w ith those in 1 9 1 7 -1 8 _______________________________________________________ 75 P a r t II. N e gr o F a m il ie s : C h a p t e r 1. Incom e L evel and M o n ey D isbu rsem ents___________________ 81 F a m ily in com e____________________________________________________________ 81 Current expenditures of each city group as a w h ole________________ 84 D istribu tion of expenditures at successive incom e levels___________ 85 Size and com position of fa m ily ___________________________________ 86 Order o f expenditures at successive econom ic le ve ls________________ 87 Order o f expenditures at tw o econom ic levels______________ 88 C hanges in assets and liabilities_______________________________________ C h a p t e r 2. Expenditures for Specified G o o d s____________________________ 90 94 F o o d _______________________________________________________________________ A n n u al food expenditure__________________________________________ 94 94 F ood expenditures in 1 week in the spring qu arter___________ 94 H ou sin g ____________________________________________________________________ 96 H ousing facilities___________________________________________________ H ou sin g expenditures______________________________________________ 96 98 H o m e ow ners__________________________________________________ 98 R en ters_________________________________________________________ Secondary housing____________________________________________ Fuel, light, and refrigeration______ __________________________ Other item s of household operation________________________ Furnishings and eq u ip m en t____________________________________________ C lo th in g ___________________________________________________________________ T o ta l expenditure per fam ily for clothing______________________ H o m e sew in g__________________________________________________ G ifts of clothing____________________________________________________ C loth in g expenditures for m en and b o y s________________________ 99 99 99 100 100 101 101 101 101 102 C loth in g expenditures for wom en and girls_____________________ Other groups of item s of current expenditures______________________ 102 104 P a r t I I I . T a b u l a r S u m m a r y ____________________________________________________ P a r t IV . A p p e n d ix e s : 107 A p p e n d ix A . N otes on T abu lar S u m m a ry ________________________________ 373 G eneral------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------E conom ic fa m ily ___________________________________________________ 373 H ou seh old___________________________________________________________ 373 N e t fam ily income or net m oney incom e_______________________ 373 Current expenditures______________________________________________ 374 Surplus or deficit___________________________________________________ 375 Surplus_______________________________________________________________ 375 D eficit________________________________________________________________ 375 In h eritan ce__________________________________________________________ T o ta l m on ey receipts______________________________________________ 376 376 T o ta l m on ey disbursem ents_______________________________________ 376 373 CONTENTS V P a r t I V . A p p e n d i x e s — C ontinued. A p p e n d i x A . N o tes on tabular sum m ary— Continued. G eneral— Continued Page B alancing difference_______________________________________________ 37 6 Schedule y ear_______________________________________________________ Averages based on all fam ilies____________________________________ 37 6 37 7 N otes on individual tables______________________________________________ Local conditions affecting the d a ta ------------------------------------------------------ 37 7 390 C ost of livin g------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 390 Sales ta x --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 391 R elief_________________________________________________________________ T able A . N u m ber of families of tw o or more persons on 391 relief in the period covered b y the survey when relief was at a peak ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 392 A p p e n d ix B . Scope of the In vestigation __________________________________ 393 Geographic area covered in cities in the E ast N orth Central region___________________________________________________________________ Scope of the N ation-w ide stu d y ____________________________________ A p p e n d ix C . Period Covered by the S tu d y ----------------------------------------------- 393 393 395 T able B . Period to which data in schedules for cities in the E ast N orth Central region a p p ly --------------------------------------------------------------A p p e n d ix D . Selection of Families to be In terview ed__________________ M e th o d of choosing the sam ple________________________________________ Rules for determining eligibility of fam ilies--------------------------------------A p p e n d i x E . N a tiv ity of the H om em akers in the Fam ilies S tu d ie d ._ A p p e n d i x F . Field Procedure_______________________________________________ 395 39 7 39 7 402 40 7 409 Interview m ethod of securing d a ta ____________________________________ 409 Figure B . Schedule facsim ile_____________________________________ 41 0 Check interview ing______________________________________________________ 429 F ood check lists for 1 w eek_____________________________________________ 429 W e ek ly records of food consum ption_________________________________ 429 A p p e n d i x G . A n alytical Procedure________________________________________ 431 Incom e classification_____________________________________________________ Classification b y economic level________________________________________ Expenditure unit— food relatives______________________________________ T a ble C . R elative food expenditures for persons of different age, sex, and occupation________________________________________ Expenditure unit— clothing relatives_________________________________ T a b le D . R elative clothing expenditures for persons of dif ferent age, sex, and occupation________________________________ Expenditure unit— other ite m s________________________________________ T o ta l expenditure u n it__________________________________________________ 431 431 431 Figure C. Sam ple code sheet_____________________________________ 437 43 2 433 433 43 6 43 6 A d ju stm en t for contact w ith families through other m em ber than chief earner_____________________________________________________________ 43 8 Table E . D erivation of adju stm en t factors for earner groups. 440 Table F . Illustration of application of adjustm ent factors to schedule d a ta _____________________________________________________ 442 List o f Text Tables in Part I Table 1. Expenditures for groups of ite m s_____________________________________ 8 2 . Occupational classification of chief earners__________________________ 10 3. Sources of fam ily income at successive income levels---------------------- 13 VI CONTENTS Page Table 4. 5. 6. 7. . 9. 10. 8 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. Items comprising family income_______________________________ Family incomes----------------------------------------------------------------------Average unit expenditure at successive income levels___________ Total expenditure of families of different size at given economic levels_______________________________________________________ Average unit expenditure at successive economic levels_________ Expenditures in rank order at two different economic levels____ Percentage of families having surplus and deficit and net change in assets and liabilities during the schedule year at successive economic levels--------------------------------------------------------------------Changes in assets and liabilities during the schedule year at suc cessive economic levels______________________________________ Unit food expenditure at low and high economic levels_________ Expenditures for food per capita per week_____________________ Proportion of families spending enough to purchase an adequate diet at minimum cost_______________________________________ Average number of persons per room at successive economic levels_______________________________________________________ Housing facilities at the end of the schedule year_______________ Housing expenditures__________________________________________ Expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration__________________ Expenditures for furnishings and equipment at different economic levels_______________________________________________________ Distribution of annual clothing expenditure for individuals in families, at successive economic levels, men and boys________ Distribution of annual clothing expenditure for individuals in families at successive economic levels, women and girls______ Expenditures for automobile operation and maintenance for auto mobile owners at successive economic levels__________________ Radio ownership and purchase at successive economic levels__ Expenditures for medical care at successive economic levels__ Percentage of total expenditures for community welfare and gifts and contributions going to various items_____________________ Percentage change in the cost of goods purchased by wage earners and clerical workers from the time of the 1917-18 survey to the time of the 1934-36 survey______________________________ Differences in incomes and current expenditures between the groups studied in 1917-18 and 1934-36, in four cities________ Distribution of current family expenditures in 1917-18 and 1934-36_____________________________________________________ 15 16 26 29 31 34 37 39 41 45 47 49 52 53 55 56 60 63 67 69 71 74 76 76 77 List o f Figures in Part I Figure 1. Sources of family income at successive income levels, Milwaukee. 2. Patterns of family expenditures at successive income levels, Detroit____________________________________________________ 3. Relative family expenditures at successive income levels, Detroit____________________________________________________ 4. Size of family at successive income levels,Columbus___________ 5. Distribution of family expenditures at two different economic levels, Cleveland___________________________________________ 6 . Food expenditures at successive economic levels,Cincinnati____ 15 18 19 24 30 43 CONTENTS VII P age Figure 7. Proportion of families spending enough to purchase an adequate diet at minimum cost at successive economic levels, Cincin nati________________________________________________________ 8 . Proportion of families having selected housing facilities at suc cessive economic levels, Lansing____________________________ 9. Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in families at successive economic levels_______________________ A. Estimated annual clothing expenditures by persons of different age, sex, and occupation____________________________________ 10. Proportion of families owning automobiles at successive economic levels, Grand Rapids_______________________________________ 46 51 59 65 66 L is t o f T e x t T a b le s i n P a r t II Table 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. Family income_______________________________________________ Sources of family income at successive income levels__________ Expenditures for groups of items_____________________________ Average unit expenditure at successive income levels__________ Average unit expenditure at successive economic levels________ Expenditures in rank order at two different economic levels___ Percentage of families having surplus and deficit and net change in assets and liabilities during the schedule year at successive economic levels_____________________________________________ Changes in assets and liabilities during the schedule year at successive economic levels__________________________________ Expenditures for food per capita per week____________________ Average number of persons per room at successive economic levels______________________________________________________ Housing facilities at the end of the schedule year_____________ Housing expenditures________________________________________ Expenditures for furnishings and equipment at different economic levels____________________________________________ Distribution of clothing expenditures for individuals in families at successive economic levels, men and boys________________ Distribution of clothing expenditures for individuals in families at successive economic levels, women and girls______________ Radio ownership and purchase at successive economic levels__ Expenditures for recreation and transportation at two different economic levels____________________________________________ 82 83 84 86 88 90 92 93 95 97 98 99 100 102 104 105 105 L is t o f F ig u r e s i n P a r t II Figure 11. Sources of family income at successive income levels, Indian apolis_____________________________________________________ 1 2 . Size of family at successive income levels, Cincinnati________ 13. Distribution of family expenditures at two different economic levels, Indianapolis_______________________________________ 14. Proportion of families spending enough to purchase an adequate diet at minimum cost at successive economic levels________ 15. Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in families at successive economic levels______________________ 83 86 89 96 103 V III CONTENTS List o f Tables in Tabular Summary Table Page 1. Distribution of families by economic level and income level___ 109 2. Description of families studied, by economic level_____________ 112 Occupation of chief earner. Family type. Nativity of homemaker. Composition of household. Earnings and income. 3. Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level__________ 132 4. Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure, and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level__________________________________________ 142 158 5. Description of families studied, by income level_______________ Occupation of chief earner. Family type. Nativity of homemaker. Composition of household. Earnings and income. 6 . Expenditures for groups of items, by income level_____________ 178 7. Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week, by economic level___________________________ 188 8 . Annual food expenditures, by economic level_____________ ____ 228 9. Housing facilities, by economic level__________________________ 236 10. Housing expenditures, by economic level_____________________ 244 11. Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, by economic level__ 260 12. Household operation expenditures other than for fuel, light, and refrigeration, by economic level_____________________________ 276 13. Transportation expenditures, by economiclevel-----------------------284 14. Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic level_____________________________________________ 292 15. Recreation expenditures, by economic level___________________ 300 16. Formal education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and con tributions, and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level308 17. Clothing expenditures, by economic level_____________________ 316 18. Furnishings and equipment expenditures, by economic level___ 339 19. Description of families studied at three economic levels_______ 343 Composition of household. Earnings and income. 2 0 . Expenditures for groups of items, at three economic levels_____ 348 21. Distribution of families of types comparable with those studied 353 in 1917-18, by economic level and income level_____________ 22. Description of families of types comparable with those studied in 1917-18, by income level________________________________ 355 Composition of household. Earnings and income. 23. Expenditures of families of types comparable with those studied in 1917-18 for groups of items, by income level_____________ 362 24A. Coefficients of variation of expenditures for groups of items____ 369 24B. Coefficients of variation of expenditures for groups of items, by income levels______________________________________________ 369 25. Expenditures for groups of items estimated from regression equation, Detroit__________________________________________ 370 N o t e .— F o r each ta b le e x c e p t 24 A , 2 4 B , a n d 25, co m p a ra b le d a ta for N e g ro fam ilies ap p ea r im m e d ia te ly fo llo w in g th o se for w h ite fa m ilies. PREFACE The Bureau of Labor Statistics has been making studies of the money receipts and disbursements of wage earners and salaried work ers since 1888. The first survey was initiated to provide information on wages and levels of living among American and European workers. Later studies, made in 1903 and 1918, were undertaken to secure weights for indexes of the cost of food and other goods purchased by families of wage earners and salaried workers. The 1918 survey, in which data were obtained from 12,096 families at 7 different income levels, has supplied the weights for the cost of living indexes published currently by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Since 1918, however, consumer purchasing habits and the articles available in the retail market have greatly changed. Many new types of articles which were not on the market in the earlier period are now commonly purchased by families of wage earners and clerical workers. Other goods in common use in 1918 are seldom or never purchased by workers’ families of the present day. The present survey, covering 2,694 families in eight cities in the East North Central region, is part of a Nation-wide survey undertaken to give a revised and complete account of the kinds of goods and services which represent the purchases of typical families of employed workers in 1934-36. The data obtained from each of the 2,694 families include information on annual incomes, housing facilities, current money expenditures for commodities and services separately and by groups of items, quantities of commodities purchased, and on net change in financial position during the year; that is, the amount of savings made or deficit incurred. They serve to answer many ques tions regarding the planes of living of American workers, their actual and potential demand for the commodities of agriculture, com merce, and industry, and the effectiveness of the operation of the economic system of our nation. The surveys in the several cities were made in cooperation with various agencies, whose assistance is hereby gratefully acknowledged. In Columbus, the study was made in cooperation with the Ohio State University, Bureau of Business Research, Dr. Viva Boothe, acting director, and the Ohio Emergency Relief Administration; in Michigan, with the University of Michigan School of Education, Dr. A. B. Moehlman, head, and the Michigan Emergency Relief IX X PREFACE Administration; in Cincinnati, Cleveland, Indianapolis, and Mil waukee, with the Works Progress Administrations. In the final analysis and preparation of this report, special con tributions to problems of method were made by Jerome Cornfield, William S. Shelton, and Samuel E. Cohen. Mary C. Ruark was responsible for the final tabulations. I sad o r L u b in , M ay 1939. Com m issioner o f Labor Statistics . Bulletin 7S[o. 636 of the United States Bureau o f Labor Statistics M oney Disbursements o f W ag e Earners and Clerical W ork ers in Eight Cities in the East N orth Central Region, 1934-36 Su m m ary This is a study of the levels at which 2,895 families of employed wage earners and clerical workers are living in 8 cities in the East North Central Region: Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Detroit, Grand Rapids, Indianapolis, Lansing, and Milwaukee. Money in comes of these families averaged $1,481. (See pp. 11-16 and 81.) 1 The incomes of the white families studied in the 8 cities averaged $1,517; the incomes of the Negro families studied in Cincinnati and Indianapolis, where the Negro population is of considerable importance, averaged $1,000. The earnings of the chief earners in all these families averaged $1,305. Their earnings were supplemented in average families by earnings of grown children, wife, or other family members, but only to the amount of $141. (See pp. 13-15 and 82-83.) As would have been expected in a region where industry is so highly mechanized, families of semiskilled workers predominated in the sam ple, which was chosen to represent a cross section of the wage earner and clerical group. (See pp. 10, 160, 172.) The average family in this region spent a total of $1,502, practi cally all its income for current family living. The three fundamental needs, food, clothing and housing together claimed two-thirds of total family expenditure. Only one-third was left to provide for household operation, furnishings and equipment, medical care, automobile and other transportation, recreation, personal care, education, gifts and taxes and miscellaneous expenditures. (See pp. 9, 55, 56, 66-74, 84-85, 100, 104-106.) Food alone cost the average family $488. In other words, food took 32 cents out of the average dollar spent to meet the families' current needs. When actual expenditure for food is compared with the cost of the Bureau of Home Economics “ adequate diet at minimum cost" it is found that 79 percent of the white families, and 36 percent of the Negro families spent enough to secure this diet. (See pp. 46-47, 96.) 1 T h is reference an d th o se g iv e n in su b seq u en t p aragraphs in th is su m m a ry in d ic a te th e p ages w h ere figures for in d iv id u a l c ities are g iv e n . 1 2 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION Housing expenditures were second in importance, taking a total of $345, of which $111 represented amounts spent directly for fuel, light, and refrigeration. This total expenditure for shelter represents 23 cents out of the average dollar. (See pp. 8, 52-54, 84, 98-99.) Clothing claimed $165 or 11 cents of the dollar. This sum covered cleaning and shoe repair as well as ready-made clothing for all members of the family. A negligible amount was spent for materials for home sewing. The clothing expenditures of women and girls over 18 years old averaged $58 for the year, and those of men and boys in the same age group $52. In general the clothing expenditures of women with out paid work averaged less than those of employed men of the same age. (See pp. 9, 57-65, 101-103.) Of the 34 cents left from the average dollar after food, housing, and clothing had been paid for, the families studied in the East North Central Region spent 8 cents for automobile purchase, operation, and maintenance. The city with the largest proportion of automobile owners was Grand Rapids where three-quarters of the families inter viewed reported that they owned cars. (See pp. 67-68 and 105.) A comparison of the percentage distribution of expenditures by families in the wage-earner and clerical groups in 1917-18 and in 1934-36 shows striking changes over the 17-year interval. Some of the differ ences are due to changes in price relations. Costs of food, house furnishing goods, and clothing were lower at the time of this investiga tion than at the end of the war period; costs of fuel and light and miscellaneous items, higher. Study of the data on actual money ex penditures and on prices shows, however, that part of the change in expenditures is due to changes in consumption habits since the World War. Marked changes in transportation expenditures have come with the automobile. There are, in addition, trends toward larger pur chases of food, smaller purchases of clothing, and larger current ex penditures for housing. (See pp. 75-78.) Differences between the figures on average family expenditures in the eight cities covered by this report reflect differences in the income level of the wage-earner and clerical groups in these communities, in consumption habits, and in family size and composition, as well as whatever differences there may be in the price level. They do not measure differences in living costs as between communities. The results of this investigation must be distinguished from those obtained by pricing a hypothetical budget to secure the cost of a previously defined standard of living.2 The investigators who partici pated in the present study were sent, not to stores to price a pre2 S u ch a stu d y has r ecen tly b een co m p leted b y th e W ork s P rogress A d m in istra tio n , D iv isio n of S ocial R esea rch , in coop eration w ith th e R e ta il P rice D iv isio n of th e B u rea u of L ab or S ta tistic s. In th is su rv ey , p rices w ere o b ta in ed in 59 cities cov erin g th e cost of item s of goods an d services n ecessary for a m a in ten a n ce le v e l an d an em erg en cy le v e l of liv in g for a four-person fa m ily of a m a n u a l w ork er. R e su lts of th is s tu d y are p u b lish ed in a report of th e W ork s P rogress A d m in istra tio n b y M argaret L o o m is S teck er, e n title d “ In ter c ity d ifferen ces in costs o f liv in g in M a rch 1935, for 59 c itie s.” W a sh in g to n , 1937. SU M M AR Y 3 determined list of goods and services, but to families which were willing to give the detailed facts concerning their incomes and expenditures. Some of the data obtained on the goods and services purchased by workers' families afford a basis for evaluating the adequacy of the living of the families cooperating in the investigation. A detailed comparison has not been made, however, between the goods actually purchased by the families studied, and the goods included in budget estimates of the amounts needed for maintaining healthful family life. The families to be interviewed in the investigation were chosen at random from the lists of employees furnished by employers also chosen at random. (See appendix D for further details.) Since the investigation was initiated primarily for the purpose of obtaining new weights for a cost-of-living index, and the funds for field work and analysis were limited, the survey was restricted to the income levels most representative of employed wage earners and clerical workers.3 No families on relief were included in the investi gation.4 The group supplying the material on which this report is based includes families of all types but not persons living alone. Because of the limitation of funds, the Nation-wide survey of wage earners and clerical workers was not enlarged to include a study of the money disbursements of persons living alone, either as lodgers or as house holders.6 In any random sample of the population or of any occupational group, such as the wage-earner and clerical groups covered by this report, size of family varies from income level to income level. Since the averages presented in this report are based upon the actual expenditures of a random sample of families of the wage-earner and clerical groups, wherever comparisons are made between the spending of families at different income levels, these differences in size of family must be taken into account. 3 T h e im p ortan ce of o b ta in in g d a ta on th e con su m er p u rch ases of higher-salaried clerical w orkers, pro fessional w orkers, m an agers an d officials, an d th o se in b u sin ess for th em selv es w a s gen erally recognized at th e tim e w h en th e stu d y w a s b egu n , b u t th e lim ited fu n d s th en av a ila b le m a d e it necessary to con fin e th is in v estig a tio n to th e groups for w h ic h th e B u r e a u ’s cost-of-livin g in d ex is com p u ted . L ater, in 1936, th e B u rea u of L ab or S ta tistic s u n d erto ok a stu d y of con su m er p u rch ases w h ic h covers all eco n om ic grou p s, in 32 d ifferen t cities. F u n d s w ere allo tted to th e project b y th e W orks P rogress A d m in istra tio n . A t th e sa m e tim e a coo rd in ated stu d y w a s u n d erta k en b y th e B u reau of H o m e E con o m ics in 66 farm cou n ties, in 140 v illa g es, an d in 19 sm a ll cities. B o th of th ese in v estig a tio n s w ere m a d e in cooperation w ith th e N a tio n a l R esou rces C o m m itte e an d th e C en tral S ta tistica l B o ard . F or th e cities covered , see ap p en d ix B , p . 393. * N o figures are av a ila b le sh o w in g th e exact n u m b er of fam ilies on relief a t som e tim e d uring th e period covered b y th e d a ta. F igu res su p p lied b y th e D iv isio n of Social R esearch of th e W ork s Progress A d m in is tra tio n m a k e it p o ssib le, h o w ev er, to calcu late for each c ity th e ratio of th e n u m b er of fam ilies of tw o or m ore on relief in th e m o n th of th e m a x im u m relief load du rin g th e period of th e su rv ey to th e n u m b er of su ch fam ilies as sh o w n b y th e cen su s of 1930. T h is ratio va ries from 11.9 p ercen t in F ra n k lin C o u n ty , w h ere C o lu m b u s is loca ted , to 22.2 p ercen t in In g h a m C o u n ty , w h ic h in clu d es L a n sin g. (See ap p en d ix A , p . 392.) 5 T h e stu d y of th e liv in g of sin g le in d iv id u a ls p resen ts a sep arate an d d istin c t p rob lem w h ic h w ill be cov ered b y th e B u reau a t a later d a te. A t th e req u est of th e E m erg en cy R e lief B oard in P h ila d elp h ia , th e B u rea u of L abor S ta tistic s u n d erto ok a stu d y of th e in co m es an d m o n e y d isb u rsem en ts of e m p lo y ed w age earners an d clerical w orkers liv in g as sin g le in d iv id u a ls in th a t c ity in th e yea r 1934-35. T h e resu lts of th a t investigation w ill be p u b lish ed in a subsequent report, Part I.— W hite Families 5 Chapter 1 Income Level and M oney Disbursements Current Expenditures o f Each C ity Group as a Whole 1 The amount and the distribution of current expenditures by the families of wage earners and lower-salaried clerical workers studied in each of the eight cities in the East North Central region reflect differences in their average incomes, as well as differences in the price levels and in the social customs of the eight communities. Average current expenditures closely approximated average incomes in each city. The largest expenditure, $1,642, was found in Cleve land, the largest of the eight cities, while the smallest, $1,296, occurred in Grand Rapids, next to the smallest city. The other cities ranked the same according to average expenditure and to city size. In spite of the differences in amounts of average current expenditure between the city groups studied, their distribution among the various items composing family living is strikingly similar. Food. Food prices declined more between 1923-25 and 1934-36 than the prices of any other group of items included in the index of the cost of goods purchased by wage earners and clerical workers. Despite this fact, expenditure for food continues to hold the central place in the spending pattern of moderate income families. In all the cities studied, it accounts for a larger proportion of total current outlay than any other single item. It was, however, 4 to 6 percent lower than that found among families with comparable incomes in New York City, everywhere in the East North Central region except Cincinnati where it was but slightly lower than the New York average. Of the eight cities under consideration, the percentage of total expenditure allotted to food was highest in Cincinnati, averaging 1 T h ro u g h o u t th e rep ort, th e term “ cu rren t ex p e n d itu r es” is u se d to m ea n ex p en d itu res for u ltim a te con su m er goods, in c lu d in g r e la tiv e ly d u rab le co n su m p tio n good s. In terest on m o n e y b o rrow ed for fa m ily u se h a s b een in clu d ed in su ch exp en d itu res, b u t sa v in g s an d in v e stm e n ts h a v e n o t. T h e tim e a n d fu n d s av a ila b le for th e in v estig a tio n h a v e n o t m a d e p o ssib le th e p resen ta tio n of sep arate to ta ls d istin g u ish in g exp en d itu res for th e m ore slo w ly con su m ed , as d istin g u ish e d from q u ic k ly con su m ed , good s. In d eed , th e d a ta on d ep recia tio n rates for rela tiv e ly d u rab le con su m er good s are so fra gm en ta ry th a t it w o u ld b e ex tre m e ly d ifficu lt to do so. E x p en d itu res for su ch d u rab le good s as au to m o b iles, m ech a n ica l refrigerators, an d oth er fu rn ish in gs a n d eq u ip m e n t h a v e b een classified w ith ex p en d itu res for food an d carfare an d oth er q u ic k ly co n su m ed good s as “ cu rren t e x p en d itu res,” w h ile m o n e y sp e n t for p erm an en t im p r o v em e n ts on o w n ed h o m es an d oth er real e sta te or as p a y m e n t on th e p rin cip al of m ortgag es h a s b een classified as sa v in g s. T h e to ta l cost of con su m ers’ good s p u rch ased on cred it w a s in c lu d e d in cu rren t exp en d itu res, an d th e a m o u n t of th e o b lig a tio n s o u tsta n d in g a t th e en d of th e year w a s ta k e n in to a ccou n t w h e n c o m p u tin g ch an g es in lia b ilitie s ov er th e 12-m onth p eriod . 534 8 5 ”— 40------ 2 7 8 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 35.8, and lowest in Lansing, 29.3. Expense incurred in eating meals away from home is an important factor in increasing the total amount spent for food, and it is significant that the Cincinnati group, with the highest total food expenditure, also ranked first in the proportionate outlay for food purchased away from home. The other cities also maintained the same relative rank in respect to purchases of meals away from home as that for the percentage of total food expenditure. Differences in the cost of marketing food in the various cities, and in the types consumed, account for a large part of the variations in the amounts spent for food consumed at home. Housing. Consistently in all cities, expenditure for housing comes next in importance to food. Due to the varying proportion of families having heat and light included in rental payment, accurate comparison from one group to another can be made only after the expenditures for housing and for fuel, light, and refrigeration have been combined. T able 1.— Expenditures for groups of items, 1 year during the period 1934-36 [W h ite fam ilies of w a g e earners an d clerical w orkers] Ite m C in c in n a ti A v era g e a n n u a l cu rren t ex p e n d itu re for all ite m s _____ $1, 519 P ercen ta g e of to ta l a n n u al cu rren t exp en d itu re for— A ll ite m s ________ . _ _ 100.0 35.8 F o o d .......... ........................ ......... 10.4 C lo th in g --------------------------15.7 H o u sin g --------------------------F u e l, lig h t, an d refriger 6.0 a tio n ________ _ -O th er h o u seh o ld op era tio n ____________ ______ __ 3 .3 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip 5 .1 m e n t___________ - - A u to m o b ile an d m o to r c y c le —p u rch ase, op er a tio n , an d m a in te 5 .4 n a n c e _________ 3 .2 O th er tra n sp o rta tio n ____ 1.9 P erso n a l care___________ 3 .4 M e d ic a l care______ __ __ R e cr e a tio n ________________ 5 .7 E d u c a tio n _____________ .4 V o c a tio n __________________ .5 C o m m u n ity w e lfa re. __ 1.2 G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e 1.5 eco n om ic fa m ily _______ .5 O ther ite m s ___________ __ C le v e lan d C o lu m D e tr o it G rand In d ia n bus R a p id s ap olis L a n s ing M il w a u k ee $1,642 $1,363 $1,586 $1,296 $1,488 $1,364 $1,563 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 32. 3 11.0 15.7 30.9 10.2 16.4 8.0 30.9 11.5 12.7 9 .4 30.8 11.0 13.0 6.6 3 .5 4 .8 4 .1 4 .8 32.4 11.7 15.2 7 .2 3 .1 4 .0 3.9 4 .4 3.8 5.9 29.3 12. 0 15.0 9.1 4 .5 32.6 10.7 17.5 7.9 3.1 4 .6 7 .6 8.1 2.6 1.8 8 .9 2.2 1.8 2.0 10.0 1.1 2.1 10.0 2.0 2.1 1.6 .1 1.0 1 .7 .3 2.0 .6 4.1 5.4 .6 1.7 3 .8 5.6 .6 .4 4 .2 5 .9 3 .9 5 .0 1.1 1.0 .9 .6 .2 1.8 1.8 .6 1.8 1.6 1.8 .5 .4 .6 .2 .3 .7 8.1 3 .3 5 .4 .7 .3 5.1 9 .3 .7 2.2 4 .0 4 .6 .5 6 .5 2 .5 1.8 4.1 4 .9 .4 .5 1.2 1.3 .4 The proportion of families who occupy one-family detached houses appears to be closely related to the size of their city. In the smallest, Lansing, four-fifths of the families lived in them, and the second largest proportion (almost three-fourths) was found in Grand Rapids, the second smallest city of the eight studied. In the other six cities, INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 9 from 30 percent in Cincinnati to 63 percent in Indianapolis had dwellings of this type. In all the cities except Columbus and Indian apolis, two-family houses were the next most frequently reported type of residence. Buildings housing three or more families were the homes of over a fourth of the families in Cincinnati, of about one-fifth in Cleveland and Detroit, and of 10 percent or less in the remaining cities. From 2 to 4 percent of the families in each of the eight cities except Columbus and Indianapolis, where the proportion was about one-fifth, lived in one-family semidetached or row houses. In all cities, a fourth or more of the families owned their own homes, and the rest rented them.2 Clothing . Clothing expenditure comes third in importance in all the city groups studied, The average proportion spent for clothes ranged from 10.2 percent in Columbus to 12.0 in Lansing. Other items . Sums paid out for automobile and motorcycle purchase, operation, and maintenance constitute the fourth largest category of family ex penditure everywhere but in Cincinnati, where they ranked fifth.3 Here the proportion of total expenditure allotted to these items was about 5 percent, moving upward to 10 percent in Grand Rapids and Indianapolis. These percentages are among the highest found in any of the cities included in the Nation-wide survey. The types of expenditure which are classified for purposes of this study under the heading of “ recreation” ranked fifth in importance in five cities, fourth in Cincinnati, and sixth in Indianapolis and Lansing. In the last two cities, recreation expenditures were outdistanced by those for furnishings and equipment. In the recreation group, there has been included expenditure for amusement by families of all tastes, but tobacco and movies constitute the bulk of such outlay in each of the eight cities. Between 3 and 4 percent of total expenditure was devoted to medi cal care, and about 2 percent to personal care. Education, vocation, community welfare, and gifts and contributions to persons outside the families made up the balance of average annual expenditure, which totaled around $1,300 to $1,350 in Grand Rapids, Columbus, and Lansing; $1,500 in Indianapolis and Cincinnati; $1,550 in Milwaukee; $1,600 in Detroit; and $1,650 in Cleveland. 2 F or a d iscu ssio n of th e facilities av a ila b le to th ese fam ilies an d th e ren ta ls p a id , see th e sectio n on h o u sin g an d h o u sin g facilities, p p . 48 to 55. 3A large p a rt of th is ex p en d itu re w a s p ro b a b ly for recreational p u rp oses, b u t n o a tte m p t w a s m a d e to secure from th e fam ilies su r v e y ed a n y e stim a te of th e d istrib u tio n of tra n sp o rtation exp en d itu re b e tw e e n th e v a riou s p u rp oses it served . 10 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION These expenditures are directly related to, and, of course, made possible by, the money incomes of the families concerned. Before taking up a more detailed consideration of the purchases, it is neces sary to get some understanding of the incomes to be spent. Family Income The occupations of the chief earners of the 2,694 white families cooperating in the investigation in these eight East North Central cities were as diverse as the types of business and industry which, together with agriculture and forestry, go to make up the economic life of the area. In each city, the families studied included persons working in trade, transportation, restaurants and hotels, public service, laundries, con struction, and manufacturing. No families in which the chief earner was in domestic service were included, although a family was eligible for scheduling if subsidiary earners were domestic servants. The two manufacturing industries which predominated in each of the eight cities were iron and steel and automobile factories and repair shops, except in Grand Eapids, where lumber and furniture industries were first. In general, food and clothing were the next most important, with printing and publishing, leather, and chemical industries also prominent. Families of wage earners predominate in the samples studied in all eight cities, comprising between 72 and 78 percent in each of the eight cities. In this group, families of semiskilled wage earners were most numerous in all cities in this region except Lansing, with those of skilled wage earners next in order, and those of unskilled wage earn ers least numerous. In Lansing, families in which the chief earner was a skilled wage earner were the most numerous, with those of semiskilled and unskilled wage earners following in order. (See table 2.) T able 2 . — Occupational classification of chief earners, 1 year during the period 1934-86 [W h ite fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] Ite m N u m b er o f fam ilies in su r v e y . N u m b e r o f fam ilies in w h ic h ch ief earner w as— S em isk illed w ag e earn er. S k ille d w a g e earn er______ C lerical w o r k e r .. _________ U n sk ille d w ag e earn er. . . C in c in n a ti C le v e la n d 352 490 266 143 81 95 33 205 136 110 39 95 75 70 26 G ran d R a p id s In d ia n ap olis L a n s in g 598 194 203 145 446 230 186 138 44 74 52 48 70 53 51 29 44 48 41 100 C o lu m D e tr o it bus 20 12 M il w a u k ee 155 136 55 In a time of full employment, the proportion of unskilled wage earners would have been somewhat larger. Other reports 4 have 4 F or exa m p le, U rb an W ork ers on R elief, R esea rch , m on ograp h IV , 1936. vq I. I, W ork s P rogress A d m in istra tio n , D iv isio n of Social INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 11 shown that such workers have suffered greatly from irregularity of employment and low earnings in the period since 1929, and that con sequently more of them of have been on relief. Since the present study excluded families below certain levels of employment and income, and families having been on relief at any time during the year prior to the interview by the field worker, the proportion of clerical workers and skilled wage earners is larger than it would have been had the study been made in 1929. The bulk of the data for Columbus and the Michigan cities pertains to a period more than a year after the low points in indexes of both employment and pay rolls in the manufacturing industries.5 The data for Cincinnati, Cleveland, Indianapolis, and Milwaukee are for a period more than 2 years after the low points in these indexes. The average level of living costs for the entire period to which the data secured apply as compared with 1923-25 is available for four of these cities from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' indexes of the cost of goods purchased by wage earners and clerical workers. Taking average costs in 1923-25 as 100, the indexes applying to the period covered in these cities are as follows: Cincinnati 84.9, Cleveland 81.7, Detroit 72.7, and Indianapolis, 79.3. Indexes of food costs are available for Columbus and Milwaukee. As compared with average costs in 1923-25, food costs in the period covered by the data secured in these two cities stood at 74.2 and 82.4, respectively. The occupation of the chief earner was not found to be by any means the most important factor in determining the family's annual income.6 The number of earners in the family and the number of days each was employed were quite as significant, if not more so. The range of money incomes was from $500,7 the lower limit set by the plan of the investigation, to $7,878, reported by a family drawn in the random sample in Cincinnati. This family was composed of 8 persons, 6 of whom were employed during the entire year. Average annual income per earner in this family was thus $1,313. The hus band of the family was a mechanic, while one brother and four sisters of the homemaker, who lived in the same household and pooled their incomes with those of the husband in the family, were clerical workers. The highest income covered in the survey in each city was: Grand Rapids, $2,965; Milwaukee, $3,106; Lansing, $3,220; Indianapolis, $3,258; Columbus, $3,544; Cleveland, $4,270; and Detroit, $3,857. In each city, these maximum family incomes were reported by families in which several persons contributed to the family purse. The aver age number of earners in the families having the maximum incomes 5 T h e lo w p o in ts in th e B u r e a u o f L abor S ta tistic s’ in d ex es of e m p lo y m en t an d p a y rolls in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u stries w ere reach ed in J u ly 1932 an d M a rch 1933, r esp e ctiv e ly . ® S ee p . 373 for d e fin itio n of eco n o m ic fa m ily . 7 N o in co m es b elo w $600 w ere rep orted b y fam ilies stu d ie d in L a n sin g or M ilw a u k ee . 12 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION in the cities other than Cincinnati was 3.14, and such earners had an average annual income of $1,137. Fifteen of the 22 earners in these 7 families were clerical workers, while the remaining one-third in cluded highly skilled wage earners, such as tool makers, etc. The relationship between family income and number of con tributors to the family purse suggested by the foregoing examples is confirmed by other data from the investigation. Earnings of the chief earner at the lowest income level (i. e., families receiving from $500 to $900) averaged between $701 and $790 in the eight cities. It will be seen from table 3 that the average earnings of the chief earners as a proportion of total family income decreased consistently with rise in income level, with the proportion falling substantially below 80 percent after the $2,100 level has been reached. This decline was accounted for by the sharp increase in earnings of sub sidiary earners among families with larger incomes, as there was no noticeable change in the proportion of total income coming from all sources other than earnings at different income levels. The average number of persons reporting employment at any time during the year increased from low to high income levels and approached or exceeded two persons per family for families with incomes over $2,100 in each of the cities except Lansing, where the number of earners per family was lower than in any other city covered in the region. In view of the criteria used in selecting the families for inclusion in the study (see p. 397), it is not surprising to find that earnings constituted on the average from 97.3 to 99.4 percent of total family income in the various communities. Average earnings per family of all individuals contributing ranged from $1,224 in Grand Rapids to $1,552 in Cleveland (table 4). Net earnings from boarders and lodgers varied from $16 in Indianapolis to $41 in Columbus. Income from all other sources ranged from $14 in Lansing to $41 in Columbus, the chief other sources being rent, interest and dividends, pensions, and insurance annuities. Gifts from persons outside the economic family (chiefly relatives) accounted for an average per family of $2 in Cincinnati and Lansing to $6 in Cleveland, Detroit, and Grand Rapids. Business losses and expenses not deductible from earnings specified for the year covered by the schedule, but deducted from the total family income, average $2 in Detroit, $3 in Milwaukee and in Columbus, $4 in Cleveland and in Indianapolis, $5 in Grand Rapids, and $6 in Lansing. INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS T able 3. — Sources 13 of family income, at successive income levels, 1 year during the period 19SJ+-S6 [W h ite fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] C IN C IN N A T I In com e group A ll fa m ilies_____________________________ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com e of— $500 to $900__________ $900 to $1,200_______________________ $1,200 to $1,500_____________________ $1,500 to $1,800_____________________ $1,800 to $2,100_____________________ $2,100 to $2,400_____________________ $2,400 to $2,700_____________________ $2,700 an d ov er......................... ............... N um ber of fam ilies A verage n et m oney in com e i A verage n u m b er of ga in fu l w orkers pe* fa m ily 2 P ercen ta ge of in com e from — 352 36 73 83 68 48 26 8 10 $1,523 777 1, 043 1, 358 1,630 1, 940 2,265 2,488 3,646 1.41 1.11 1 .2 3 1.31 1.29 1.44 2.1 2 2.00 3.00 83 .8 94.0 94.9 90 .5 88 .5 85.3 70.4 65.1 45 .0 14.4 3 .7 4 .0 8 .2 9 .7 13.6 25.7 31.0 53.4 1.8 2.3 1.1 1.3 1.8 1.1 3.9 3.9 1.6 1.43 1.11 1.33 1.35 1. 35 1.47 1.61 1. 69 2.57 2.56 87.1 96.5 93 .5 91.1 90 .1 8 8 .0 7 9 .2 79.7 68.9 55.6 11.1 2 .8 5 .7 7 .9 8 .1 10.6 16 .0 17.1 29.2 41 .4 1 .8 .7 .8 1.0 1.8 1.4 4 .8 3 .2 1.9 3 .0 1.33 1.15 1.19 1. 35 1.39 1.34 1. 65 2.21 85.9 91.5 90 .8 88 .0 87 .2 86.7 77.3 62.6 11.4 3 .6 7 .4 11.5 12.3 8 .1 20.2 27.9 2 .7 4 .9 1.8 .5 .5 5 .2 2.5 9 .5 1.35 1.33 1.12 1.24 1.21 1.45 1.93 1.77 2.79 88 .2 89.3 96.3 93.1 91.2 88.8 79.8 75.2 57.3 10.1 8 .0 2 .8 4 .9 7.3 10 .2 18.8 19.3 41 .8 1 .7 2 .7 .9 2 .0 1.5 1 .0 1.4 5 .5 .9 E a rn in gs E a rn in gs of of O ther ch ief su b sid iary sources 4 earner ea r n e rs3 CLEVELAND A ll fa m ilie s_____________ _______ __ _ F a m ilies w ith an n u al n et in com e of— $500 to $900________________________ $900 to $1,200_______________ . . $1,200 to $1,500____________________ $1,500 to $1,800......................... ............. $1,800 to $2,100_____________________ $2,100 to $2,400____________________ $2,400 to $2,700 _________________ $2,700 to $3,000 _______________ $3,000 an d o v e r _____ __ ___________ 490 18 78 124 116 97 28 13 7 9 $1, 611 763 1,064 1, 355 1,637 1, 938 2,238 2, 536 2, 835 3,448 COLUM BUS A ll fa m ilie s_____________________________ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in co m e of— $500 to $900_________________________ $900 to $1,200______________________ $1,200 to $1,500_____________________ $1,500 to $1,800_____________________ $1,800 to $2,100_____________________ $2,100 to $2,400_____________________ $2,400 an d o v er____ _____ ____ 266 32 72 64 41 35 13 9 $1,400 770 1, 048 1, 325 1, 631 1, 967 2,177 2,626 D E T R O IT A ll fa m ilie s. __ _______________________ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com e of— $500 to $900_________________________ $900 t o $1,200_______________________ $1,200 to $1,500_____________________ $1,500 to $1,800_____________________ $1,800 to $2,100_____________________ $2,100 to $2,400_____________________ $2,400 to $2,700_____________________ $2,700 an d over------------------------------- 598 32 96 158 137 100 41 22 12 $1, 571 785 1, 078 1, 343 1,625 1,924 2, 252 2, 477 3,104 1 N e t m o n e y in com e is d efin ed in a p p en d ix A . 2 A g a in fu l w orker is d efin ed as a person h a v in g h a d so m e gain fu l em p lo y m en t in b u sin ess or in d u str y or d o m e stic service at a n y tim e d u rin g th e year. (S om e fam ilies in clu d ed persons in d o m estic service as su b sid ia ry earners.) 3 In c lu d in g n e t earnings from boarders an d lodgers. 4 L ess b u sin ess losses an d exp en ses n o t d ed u ctib le from earn in gs of th e year covered b y th e sch ed u le. 14 T able EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 3.— Sources of family income, at successive income levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36— Continued G R A N D R A P ID S In co m e group A ll fam ilies_____________ ___ _______ _ F a m ilies w ith a n n u al n et in com e of— $500 to $900_________________________ $900 to $1,200_______________________ $1,200 to $1,500_____________________' $1,500 to $1,800_____________________ $1,800 to $2,100_____________________ $2,100 an d o v er__________ _____ __ _ P ercen tage of in com e from — N um ber of fam ilies A verage net m oney in com e A verage n u m b er of gain fu l w orkers per fa m ily 194 36 62 46 28 17 5 $1,256 767 1,056 1,347 1,597 1,897 2,384 1.36 1.20 1.28 1.38 1.39 1.52 2.82 88.4 93.4 92.8 90.7 86 .6 83.4 59.2 10.4 4 .4 5 .6 7 .9 12.7 16.5 41.0 1.47 1.21 1.33 1.44 1.47 1.34 2.06 1.90 2.00 83.5 94.1 92.6 87.6 90.8 85.6 68.1 60.5 68.6 15.1 9 .1 6.6 12.3 8 .9 12.3 28.5 32.5 31.4 09 1.28 1.19 1.36 1.11 1.25 1.24 1.11 90.9 94.9 93.9 95 .7 91.4 90.9 64.7 8 .5 4 .2 5.4 4 .2 8.7 7.7 34.3 0 .6 .9 .7 .1 (8) 1.4 1.0 1.32 1.14 1.09 1.21 1.32 1.44 2.00 1.78 1.75 88 .2 10.2 2.3 2.7 6.1 8 .0 12.7 29.2 15.3 28.4 1 .6 0 2 .0 .8 1.3 1.7 .8 4 .2 7 .2 E a rn in gs E arn in gs of of O ther chief su b sid iary sources earner earners (6) 1 .2 2 .2 1.6 1.4 .7 .1 IN D IA N A P O L IS A ll fa m ilies_____________________________ F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al n et in co m e of— $500 to $900____________________ $900 to $1,200_______________________ $1,200 to $1,500_____________________ $1,500 to $1,800_____________________ $1,800 to $2,100_____________________ $2,100 to $2,400_____________________ $2,400 to $2,700_____________________ $2,700 an d over___________ ______ 203 19 49 43 32 29 16 10 5 $1, 523 780 1,055 1,337 1,669 1,912 2,239 2.544 3,004 1.4 .8 .1 .3 2.1 3 .4 7 .0 0 L A N S IN G A ll fa m ilie s_______________ ______ ____ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com e of— $600 to $900 7_______________________ $900 to $1,200_______________________ $1,200 to $1,500_____________________ $1,500 to $1,800_____________________ $1,800 to $2,100_____________________ $2,100 an d ov er___ __ __ ______ 145 14 34 37 32 22 6 $1, 395 782 1, 064 1.318 1,592 1,829 2,526 M IL W A U K E E A ll fa m ilie s_______ __ __ _ ___ _______ F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al n e t in com e of— $600 to $900 7_______________________ $900 to $1,200_______________________ $1,200 to $1,500_____________________ $1,500 to $1,800_____________________ $1,800 to $2,100_____________________ $2,100 to $2,400_____________________ $2,400 to $2,700_____________________ $2,700 an d o v er____________ _______ 446 14 79 114 125 75 22 9 8 $1, 555 809 1,068 1,346 1,640 1,917 2,239 2,557 2,964 6 In c o m e from other sources $16 an d b u sin ess losses $20. e In co m e from other sources less th a n $0.50 an d b u sin ess losses $25. 7 N o cases of fam ilies receiv in g less th a n $600 occurred in th e sa m p le. 8 In c o m e from other sources $7 an d b u sin ess losses $9. 97.7 95.3 93.1 90 .7 85.6 70.0 80.5 64.4 15 INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS T able 4.— Items comprising family income, 1 year during the period 1984-36 [W h ite fa m ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] C in cin n a ti Ite m N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y . A vera g e n e t m o n e y in com e, to ta l_________________________ A vera g e earn in gs from all in d iv id u a ls-------------------------N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lod gers_________________ T o ta l in co m e from all other so u rces______________________ R e n t, in terest an d d iv i d en d s _________ _________ P en sio n s an d in su ran ce a n n u itie s. ________ G ifts______________________ M iscella n eo u s so u rces___ B u sin ess losses an d exp en ses (d ed u ct) ___________ __ C le v e lan d 352 $1, 523 1, 468 27 28 9 13 2 4 -0 ) 490 $1,611 1, 552 30 33 12 7 6 8 -4 C o lu m D e tr o it bus G rand In d ia n M ilw a u R a p id s ap olis L a n sin g k ee 266 598 194 203 145 446 $1,400 1, 321 41 41 11 9 4 17 -3 $1, 571 1,515 $1,256 1,224 30 28 10 7 6 5 -2 17 20 9 4 6 1 -5 $1, 523 1,486 16 25 5 10 4 6 -4 $1,395 1,357 30 14 9 2 2 1 -6 $1, 555 1,503 27 28 16 8 3 1 -3 1 L ess th a n $0.50. Fig. I. SOURCES OF FAMILY INCOME AMONG WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS AT SUCCESSIVE INCOME LEVELS M IL W A U K E E , 1 9 3 5 - 1936 WHITE FAMILIES IN CO M E HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS C LA SS ALL FAMILIES $600 unoEr$900 $900 under$1200 $1200 UNDER $1500 $1500 unoer$ I800 $1800 unoer$2IOO $2100 and OVER EARNINGS OF CHIEF EARNER INCOME FROM OTHER SOURCES U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR.STATISTICS Net money income per white family studied averaged slightly over $1,600 in Cleveland, about $1,520 in Cincinnati and Indianapolis, $1,550 in Detroit and Milwaukee, $1,400 in Columbus and Lansing, 16 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION and $1,256 in Grand Rapids.8 In every city the mean average was slightly higher than the median, the income level that divides the families into two equal groups. The median income in the following cities was: Grand Rapids____________________________________________ $1,191 Columbus_______________________________________________ 1, 300 Lansing__________________________________________________ 1, 318 Cincinnati_______________________________________________ 1, 446 1, 517 Detroit__________________________________________________ Cleveland________________________________________________ 1, 560 Milwaukee_______________________________________________ 1, 542 T able 5 . — Family incomes, 1 year during the period 1984—36 [W h ite fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] C in cin n a ti C le v e lan d N u m b e r of fa m ilies in su r v e y _ 352 490 266 598 194 203 145 446 N e t m o n e y in com e: A r ith m e tic m e a n ______ F irst q u a rtile . M e d ia n _____ _____________ T h ir d q u a rtile----------------- $1, 523 1,092 1, 446 1,824 $1,611 1, 277 1, 560 1,875 $1,400 1,040 1,300 1,699 $1,-571 1,246 1, 517 1,836 $1,256 975 1,191 1,518 $1, 523 1,100 1, 404 1,844 $1,395 1,090 1,318 1, 612 $1,555 1, 273 1, 542 1,802 Ite m C o lu m D e tr o it bus G rand In d ia n M ilw a u R a p id s ap olis L a n sin g kee Distribution of Expenditures at Successive Income Levels As incomes increase, certain expenditure items also show a tendency to increase, while others remain constant or decrease in relative import ance. The percentages spent for food, and for housing combined with fuel, light, and refrigeration, generally declined, although this move ment at the upper income levels was irregular because of the larger families there. (It will be remembered that it is increases in the number of earners in the family which are responsible for many of the higher incomes.) The percentage spent for clothing, transportation, and gifts to persons outside the economic family increases as incomes rise. The tendency noted in cities in other regions for the percentage of total expenditures allotted to personal care to remain constant at about 2 percent regardless of income is well defined in three cities, but such percentages tended to increase in Cincinnati, Cleveland, Colum bus, and Indianapolis, and to decline in Lansing. 8 T o ascertain w h eth er th ese differen ces from c ity to c ity rep resen ted o n ly th e ch an ce d ifferen ces in h eren t in ran d o m sa m p lin g or w h eth er th e y rev ealed actu al differences b e tw e e n in co m e le v e ls of all w ork ers in th e resp ectiv e cities, a sta tistica l te st w a s con d u cted . R . A . F ish er’s m eth o d for th e a n a ly sis of va rian ce as ex em p lified in in traclass correlation (d iscu ssed on p p . 210 an d 211 of h is S ta tistic a l M e th o d s for R esearch W orkers, fifth ed ., L o n d o n , 1934) w a s u sed to te st w h eth er th e m ea n in com es ob ta in ed in th e several c ities differed m ore th a n cou ld b e exp ected if su ccessiv e sa m p les h a d b een d raw n a t ran d o m from th e sa m e p o p u la tio n . It w a s sh o w n th a t d ifferen ces b e tw e e n in co m e ranges fou n d a m o n g th e w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers ch osen a t ran d om for th e su r v e y in th e d ifferen t cities w ere great en ou g h to im p ly a sta tistic a lly sig n ifica n t difference b e tw e e n th em . T h e average in co m e is in flu en ced in all c ities b y a sca tterin g of th e h ig h er in com es. INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 17 Household operation expenditure (other than for fuel, light, and refrigeration) as a percentage of the total tended to increase with rise in income level, but the movement was not always regular. In Lansing and Milwaukee, increases in income were followed by larger percentage expenditures for furnishings and equipment, but the corre lation between income changes and the percent of total expenditure for these items in the other six cities is negligible. Of the two remaining groups of expenditures for the personal needs of the family, the percentages given to recreation tended, in general, to increase as higher income levels were achieved, although the move ment was not consistent in all levels and cities. Medical care expendi tures were extremely irregular in relation to changes in income, for money seemed a less important factor than family size and composition or exposure to illness. The particular circumstances of a given family, its tastes and habits, its experience with unexpected illnesses or other unusual crises, all may contribute to explain differences in its expenditures in a particular year from those of another family in the same city, even if they are of the same size and have the same incomes. In small samples, the experience of individual families tends at times to produce erratic movements. Thus, for example, in Grand Rapids the proportion of total expenditures going to transportation generally increased from low to high income levels, but at the $1,200 to $1,500 level the per centage was distinctly smaller than at the next lower level. Similar irregularity in the movement of the percentage of total expenditures going to such items as recreation, furnishings and equip ment, and contributions to community welfare were noted in many cities. At the highest incomes, where the sample is smallest, there were irregularities even in the movement of the percentage of total expenditures going for food and housing. The general pattern of expenditure emerges more clearly if the data are portrayed without regard to these fluctuations that may be due entirely to the fact that only a small proportion of the workers in the city could be surveyed. The pattern is best revealed by curves that cut through these acci dental variations and that approximate the results which would prob ably have been obtained had it been possible to schedule every family in the employed wage-earner and clerical worker groups. Such an estimate for Detroit is presented in figures 2 and 3. The scale used in figure 2 in graphing patterns of family expenditure was chosen to show the absolute importance of the different items included in the family budget. It shows the concentration of family funds in expenditures for food, housing, clothing, and transportation. The cluster of lines at the bottom of the chart make clear the rela tively small sums available for other expenditures after these four 18 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION Fig. 2 PATTERNS OF FAMILY EXPENDITURES AT SUCCESSIVE INCOME LEVELS AMONG WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS DETROIT, 1934-1935 WHITE FAMILIES annual ANNUAL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURE (in D ollars) A n D o lla rs ) 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 90 0 1200 1500 1800 2100 ANNUAL INCOME IN DOLLARS U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 2400 27 00 3000 19 INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBUBSEMENTS Fig. 3 RELATIVE FAMILY EXPENDITURES AT SUCCESSIVE INCOME LEVELS AMONG WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS DETROIT, 1934-1935 ANNUAL EXPENDITURE (In D o tla rs ) WHITE FAMILIES ANNUAL EXPENDITURE ( i n D o lla r s ) IOOO 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 ANNUAL INCOME IN OOLLARS The slopes o f the lines show the percent increase in expenditure corresponding to the percent Increase in income. A slope greater than th a t o f a 4 5 degree tine represents a gain o f the specified kind o f expenditure re la tive ly greater than the gain in income-, a slope less than th a t o f a 4 5 degree line represents a gain relatively smaller. U .S . BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 20 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION items 9 are taken care of. It emphasizes the difficulties which families in this group encounter when they meet unexpected emergencies, and the limited margin with which they buy those commodities and services so important in adding variety to urban life. The difference in the relative change from one income level to another in expenditures for goods of different kinds is best illustrated by the logarithmic scale of figure 3. The curve of housing expenditure is the most striking of the series. The marked difference between the average amount spent for housing, fuel, light, and refrigeration by the group with incomes from $600 to $900, and by the next higher income group, emphasizes the urgency of the demand for better housing than that secured at the lowest income level for which we have data. Beyond the $900 to $1,200 group, the rate of increase in the expendi ture for housing is not as great as the relative increase in expenditure for food. Other studies have shown that among families of the same size, the tendencies in expenditures for food and housing are more nearly alike. The fact that the larger incomes in the wage-earner and clerical groups are, as a rule, due to an increase in the number of workers in the family, inevitably affects the pattern of expenditures for the entire group at the successive income levels. Figures presented in table 6 show the irregularity of the increases in food expenditure per adult male equivalent with rise in family income. These figures and the curves in figures 2 and 3 serve to emphasize the fact that, due to the urgency of the wants which go unsatisfied at the lower income levels, expenditures for food and housing in the wage-earner and clerical groups seldom rise above the level they regard as a satisfactory minimum (taking size and composi tion of family into account), while in many cases they fail to reach that minimum. In the larger families at the higher income levels, there is especially a tendency to let increases in purchases of other types take precedence over those for housing expenditures. The urgency of expenditures for clothing is easily understood, not only because there are more workers at the higher income levels, but also because clothing has been found to be one of the most elastic items in the budget within the income ranges covered in this investigation. The expansion of expenditures for transportation reflects one of the most prevalent interests in American life. The relative change in this outlay shown by the data from the Detroit families is very similar to that for clothing after the $900 income level is reached. This 9 I t is recogn ized , of course, th a t, p a rticu la rly at th e h igh er in com e le v e ls, th e n ecessito u s ch aracter of ev e r y ex p en d itu re classified u n d er th ese h ead in g s is n o t a b so lu te ly clear. T h u s c lo th in g m u st m e et certain req u irem en ts of sty le , food is served in w a y s p leasin g to th e ey e , an d h o u sin g ex p en d itu re m a y in clu d e a p o rtio n w h ic h rep resen ts th e exp en se for lo ca tio n in a good n eigh b o rh oo d . L ik ew ise oth er ite m s of exp en d i tu re are n o t a lw a y s clearly op tion al; th u s th e exp en se of streetcar fares or au to m o b ile tra n sp o rta tio n to w ork m u st b e m e t, an d exp en d itu res for em erg en cy m ed ical care an d for taxes can n o t be a v o id e d . INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 21 relationship is characteristic of the groups studied in the large cities of the East. In the Pacific coast groups and in certain others, transportation expenditures increase relatively more rapidly than that shown by the Detroit figures, and at the upper income levels they equal or exceed family expenditures for clothing. The relative increase in expenditures for furniture and other house hold equipment, and for gifts and contributions to individuals, illus trate the extent to which families below the $1,200 income level in a large city like Detroit are obliged to economize on such items. Variations in money disbursements. For many reasons of taste, habit, or circumstances peculiar to a given year or a given family situation, the expenditures of a particular family for a certain item or group of items may deviate considerably from the average for a large group of families. Thus a family which experienced a serious illness of the principal earner might be obliged to incur medical and perhaps hospital expenses, and possibly to defer purchases of clothing and recreational items and payments on back debts; a family with a gifted child might make considerable sacrifices of clothing, transportation, and even food in order to provide special lessons in the hope of an artistic career for the child; the young couple recently married will probably spend much more for furniture and equipment than an older couple with the same income; a family with dependent relatives must make much larger contributions to persons outside the economic family than one whose relatives are more fortu nately situated. In interpreting the average figures presented in this volume, it is important to keep in mind some idea of the extent of these variations from the average, and their magnitude for the different main categories of expenditure. Because of differences of family income and size, as well as for the reasons cited, the average expenditure of all families covered has only a limited significance. This is more true for certain categories of ex penditures, where purchases tend to be relatively infrequent and of large magnitude when they do occur, than for other categories. Data presented in table 24A of the Tabular Summary show the extent to which the expenditures of individual families vary from the average in each city. Though the measures of variation 10 are not identical from city to city for given categories of expenditure, they are sufficiently similar to reveal distinct patterns of variation for different types of expendi10 T h e m easu re of v a riation u sed , th e coefficien t of v a ria tio n , expresses th e d isp ersio n a b o u t th e average of th e in d iv id u a l item s w h ic h go to m a k e u p th e average. T h e m easu re is in p ercen tag e term s, i. e ., is in d e p e n d e n t of th e size of th e average. F or fuller sta tem e n t see ap p en d ix A , n o te on ta b le s 24A an d 24 B , p . 389. In th e tex tu a l d iscu ssion , th e term s v a riation , m easu re of va ria tio n , degree of va ria tio n , v a r ia b ility , e tc ., sh o u ld b e u n d erstood a lw a y s to refer to coefficien ts of v a riation as set forth in ta b les 24A an d 24B of th e T a b u lar S u m m a ry . 22 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION tures. There is relatively less variation in food and housing expendi tures than in any other item of the family budget. The next group of items— clothing, personal care, recreation, and household operation other than fuel, light, and refrigeration— are definitely more variable. Relatively the greatest variability, three or more times as much as for food expenditures, occurs in expenditures for furnishings and equip ment, transportation, gifts and contributions, and miscellaneous items. The variability in savings and in deficits, for families ending the year in such positions respectively, ranks along with transportation and other items in the third most variable group of expenditure items. The very listing of the above groups of items suggests the probable reasons for the striking differences in variability for certain categories. Food and housing, major items in the family budget, must be purchased regularly by all families, and, within the income and occupational range of this study, extremely wide variations are not to be expected. At the opposite extreme, many items of furnishings and equipment are purchased by relatively few families in any one year and such out lays when made involve comparatively heavy expenditures. The great irregularity in transportation expenditures is due in large part to the material differences in such expenditures of families with and without automobiles. Medical care expenditures reflect differences in emergency situations encountered during the year by individual families. Even at the same income level, it is hardly to be expected that any two families will spend their funds in exactly the same way. The significance of the various averages presented— the extent to which families tend to conform to the average pattern— is shown by income levels for the city of Buffalo in table 24B of the Tabular Summary.11 For almost every category of expenditure there is less variation in the expenditures of families in any given income class than there is in the expenditures of the city group as a whole. There is a tendency for the variation in expenditures to be less at the high income levels than at the low 12 for furnishings and equipment, transportation, and medical care. The same is somewhat less strik ingly true for clothing. On the other hand, there is no clearly dis cernible direction of change in variability in expenditures for personal care, housing, household operation, recreation, gifts and contribu tions, surplus, or deficit at higher income levels, while in that for food there was a distinct rise. 11 M easu res of va ria tio n for fam ilies o f sep ara te ty p e s, b y in co m e le v e l, w ere co m p u te d for fam ilies stu d ie d in N e w Y ork C ity . (S ee B . L . S . B u ll. 637, v o l. I, T a b u lar S u m m a ry , ta b le 24.) F u n d s w ere n o t av a ila b le for sim ila r c o m p u ta tio n s for o th er region s. 12 In p art, th is is d u e to th e fact th a t th e in co m e b a n d s are p ro p o rtio n a tely w id er a t th e low er le v e ls. T h u s, a $2,400 in co m e is 13 p ercen t h ig h er th a n a $2,100 in com e, w h ile a $1,200 in co m e is 33 p ercen t h ig h er th a n on e o f $900. It follow s, e v e n if v a ria tio n s in ex p en d itu res for fu rn ish in g s w ere e x c lu siv e ly d u e to d ifferen ces in in co m e, th a t in term s o f p ercen tag e th ere w o u ld b e less va ria tio n in fu rn ish in gs exp en d itu res a m o n g fam i lie s of $2,100 to $2,400 th a n am o n g th o se o f $900 to $1,200. INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 23 These tendencies agree in general with those found in cities in other regions for which variations in expenditures by income level were computed. When the findings for seven cities in different regions are compared, it is found that there was a significant decrease in varia bility at higher income levels in expenditures for clothing, furnishings and equipment, and medical care. (See appendix A, notes on table 24B.) The higher relative variations in expenditures for several categories at the lower income levels suggests the close pressure of these narrow margins of family income. For a low-income family, an emergency or unusual expenditure for medical care, furnishings, or automobile was apt to mean a sharp corresponding trimming in the others, so that individual families studied spent anywhere from zero to rather large amounts for some of these items. Their incomes were not large enough to permit them to allocate their resources regularly from year to year in about the same proportions for these various family re quirements, but rather they stretched their dollars as best they might. For the higher-income families, on the contrary, the smaller relative variability in several categories of expenditures indicates that it was possible for these families to work out a more consistent pattern of expenditure. Such drastic rearrangements in their budgets were not required even though an emergency expenditure arose. They were more nearly able to plan regular replacements of items of clothing and furnishings, to make regular as well as emergency expenditures for medical care, and to plan definite expenditure for personal care. Income Levels and Planes of Living Size and composition o f fam ily. The terms “ level of living” and “ plane of living” have been used to describe the actual economic status of the families studied. This actual way of living is distinguished from their “ standard of living,” the type of living which they regard as normal and proper, or from a “ norm of living” established by a group or an agency as adequate or suitable for certain purposes. The term “ standard of living” is some times used to mean not only the manner of living regarded as proper and suitable by the families themselves, but that recommended by a group or an agency; it is further used to mean the way families actually are living. This triple usage has been found to be confusing, and on that account the use of the term “ standard of living” in this publica tion is restricted to its primary meaning as a standard. “ Planes of living,” the subject of this report, have been distinguished both from standards of the families themselves and from norms or budgets set by agencies or groups. The amount of family income and the number of persons in the family are both of importance in determining the way the family in5 3 4 8 5 °— 40------ 3 24 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION come is spent. It is essential to understand the family types which predominate at each income level among the groups studied. The average size of white families drawn in the sample in each of the eight cities varies from 3.33 persons in Columbus to 3.66 persons in Detroit.13 If the investigation had been extended to families on relief, the aver age size of family would have been somewhat larger in all the cities.14 Fig 4 S IZ E OF FAMILY AMONG WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS AT SUCCESSIVE INCOME LEVELS COLUMBUS, 1934- 1935 WHITE FAMILIES IN C O M E C L A S S 0 NUMBER OF PERSONS 2 3 4 5 ALL FAMILIES $600 UNO?* $900 $900 UNDER $1200 $1200 UNDER $1500 $1500 UNOER $1800 $1800 uSSSr$2100 $2100 and OVER U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS In each of the eight samples, the average size of family in the group with incomes under $900 was less than for the sample as a whole. A comparison of the smaller size of families found at the lowest income level covered in the present investigation with the larger size of the families on the relief rolls emphasizes the difficulty of supporting a family with several children in a period when opportunities for employment are limited. 13 F or each of th e e ig h t cities, d a ta are a v a ila b le in th e 1930 cen su s w h ic h m a k e it p o ssib le to ca lcu la te th e •m ed ia n size of w h ite fa m ilies of tw o or m ore p erson s in each c ity on th a t d a te. In se v e n of th e e ig h t cities, size of fa m ily in th e sa m p le su r v e y w a s slig h tly larger th a n th e cen su s m ed ia n , an d in on e, i. e ., C le v e la n d , s lig h tly sm a ller. T h e m ed ia n size of fam ilies of tw o or m ore p erson s as g iv e n b y th e cen su s are as follow s: C in c in n a ti, 3.23; C lev ela n d , 3.61; C o lu m b u s, 3.22; D e tr o it, 3.55; G rand R a p id s, 3.39; In d ia n a p o lis, 3.21; L a n sin g , 3.29; an d M ilw a u k ee, 3.48. u T h e average size of fam ilies of tw o or m ore persons on th e relief rolls in th ese c itie s in th e m o n th w h en relief w a s a t th e m a x im u m va ried from 3.9 in C u ya h og a C o u n ty , in w h ich C lev ela n d is situ a te d , to 4.4 in H a m ilto n C o u n ty , in w h ic h C in cin n a ti is loca ted , an d in In g h a m C o u n ty , in w h ic h L a n sin g is lo ca ted . (S ee a p p en d ix A , p . 392.) INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 25 When families are sorted by family income, the number of persons over 16 years of age tends to rise with increases in the total income. Figure 4 illustrates the situation which is characteristic of all the groups studied in the East North Central region by presenting data on the size of family at different income levels in Columbus, and the tendency toward increase in the number of persons 16 years of age and over with increases in income. The change in the number of children under 16 years of age with increase in income of the family is less regular. For each of the eight cities except Grand Rapids and Lansing, the number of children per family rises with increase in income to a maximum of slightly more than one child at the $1,800 to $2,100 group and then tapers off. In Grand Rapids and in Lansing, an average of one and a half children per family is reached at the $1,200 to $1,500 income group and then the average declines. Planes o f living determ ined by fam ily size as well as income. Preliminary study of the variations in the amounts and kinds of goods purchased by families in different income classes emphasizes the obvious fact that the plane at which a family lives is determined quite as much by the number, age, sex, and occupation of the persons dependent on family income as by its amount. Since average size of family is larger at the higher income levels, it is impossible to assume that the plane at which the families are living is proportionate to income. An examination of the types of families represented at each income level makes it evident that within any one group there are included some with very different planes of living, the differences depending on the composition of the family to be supported with the given income. For example, among the 490 families surveyed in Cleveland, there were 116 with incomes ranging from $1,500 to $1,800. Of these, 30 were families of husband and wife only; 27 of husband, wife, and 1 child under 16 years of age; 6 including husband and wife and 1 person 16 years of age or older; and 2 families of other types including 2 or 3 persons; making a total of 65 families with not more than 3 persons living in relative comfort at this income level. In the same income class there were 51 families of 4 or more persons in which expenditures were definitely more restricted, depending on the number and the age of the persons in the family, and in which the plane of living was necessarily considerably lower than that of the families with only 3 members. 26 T EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION able 6 . —Average unit expenditure at successive income levels, 1 year during the period 1984-36 [W h ite fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] In co m e class A verage A verage A v erage A verage A verage of nt N u m b e r fasize u n it c lo th spa me notufor ily in ptoentad lituexre uexn pitenfood of fam ilies exmp en in g ex oth er item s d i d i per fa m ily p en d itu re per person tu re tu re u n its A verage am ount sp e n t for all ite m s per ex p en d itu re u n it C IN C IN N A T I F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l n e t in co m e of— $500 to $900___________ $900 to $1,200_________ $1,200 to $1,500_______ $1,500 to $1,800_______ $1,800 t o $2,100_______ $2,100 to $2,400_______ $2,400 to $2,700_______ $2,700 an d o v e r _____ 36 73 83 68 48 26 8 10 2. 47 2. 72 2.9 8 3. 07 3. 58 3. 41 4. 31 4. 97 $901 1,065 1,360 1, 656 1,894 2,096 2,339 3,488 $147 166 184 196 194 234 195 233 $37 41 48 62 70 70 67 113 $180 182 218 278 265 311 284 357 $365 392 456 539 529 615 543 702 $122 167 171 181 192 181 253 192 264 $34 46 57 64 74 78 89 98 102 $164 205 234 266 313 285 515 339 425 $320 420 462 517 583 542 867 633 796 $123 132 138 153 156 182 177 $28 38 51 63 66 72 92 $169 214 221 306 258 281 366 $321 38 4 412 522 48C 567 59C $129 141 150 167 182 181 209 193 $36 42 54 67 83 85 96 106 $156 183 209 249 309 294 328 366 $322 370 414 481 577 562 634 668 $122 119 134 150 154 151 $35 45 55 71 76 84 $168 185 187 293 299 322 $327 352 378 515 537 562 CLEVELAND F a m ilies w ith a n n u a l n et in co m e of— $500 to $900___________ $900 to $1,200 ________ $1,200 to $1,500_______ $1,500 to $1,800_______ $1,800 to $2,100_______ $2,100 to $2,400_______ $2,400 to $2,700_______ $2,700 to $3,000_______ $3,000 an d o v e r ________ 18 78 124 116 97 28 13 7 9 2. 83 2. 72 3.11 3.15 3. 30 4.05 3.06 4.52 4.02 $905 1,143 1,438 1,628 1,925 2,194 2, 654 2,863 3,199 COLUM BUS F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in co m e of— $500 to $900___________ $900 to $1,200_________ $1,200 to $1,500_______ $1,500 to $1,800_______ $1,800 to $2,100_______ $2,100 to $2,400_______ $2,400 a n d o v er_______ 32 72 64 41 35 13 9 2.58 2.83 3.19 3. 08 3.55 3. 73 3.88 $829 1,086 1,315 1,608 1,705 2,115 2,291 D E T R O IT F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l n et in co m e of— $500 to $900___________ $900 to $1,200_________ $1,200 to $1,500_______ $1,500 to $1,800_______ $1,800 to $2,100_______ $2,100 to $2,400_______ $2,400 to $2,700_______ $2,700 a n d o v er_______ 32 96 158 137 100 41 22 12 3.0 2 3.13 3. 38 3. 37 3. 33 3. 83 3. 51 4. 34 $973 1,159 1,398 1, 622 1,921 2,152 2,227 2,899 G R A N D R A P ID S F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in co m e of— $500 to $900___________ $900 to $1,200_________ $1,200 to $1,500_______ $1,500 to $1,800_______ $1,800 to $2,100_______ $2,100 an d ov er_______ 36 62 46 28 17 5 2.74 3. 22 3. 60 3. 04 3. 39 4. 02 $896 1,135 1,362 1,566 1,822 2,258 IN C O M E L E V E L A N D MONEY 27 D ISB U R SE M E N T S T a ble 6.-—Average unit expenditure at successive income levels, 1 year during the period 1984-36— Continued In co m e class A verage A verage A verage A v erage A v erage size o f nt u n it c lo th spa me notu for N um ber ily in ptoentad lituexre uexn pitenfood in g ex oth er item s o f fam ilies faexmp en d i d i per fa m ily tu re p en d itu re per p erson tu re u n its A verage am ount sp e n t for a ll item s per ex p en d itu re u n it IN D IA N A P O L IS F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in co m e of— $500 to $900___________ $900 to $1,200_______ $1,200 to $1,500_______ $1,500 to $1,800_______ $1,800 to $2,100_______ $2,100 an d o v er_______ 19 49 43 32 29 31 2.33 3. 20 3. 20 3. 09 3. 47 3. 35 $798 1,050 1, 370 1,647 1,860 2,259 $125 123 150 173 171 187 $31 38 48 68 76 85 $183 164 228 292 287 393 $342 328 428 533 536 674 $123 122 121 150 190 165 $37 42 55 64 108 107 $184 168 203 263 387 364 $343 333 379 480 690 639 $153 144 167 178 174 178 173 ,244 $30 38 53 64 71 71 88 137 $213 176 229 266 283 254 338 600 $398 359 451 510 534 505 604 988 L A N S IN G F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al n et in co m e of— $600 to $900___________ $900 to $1,200_________ $1,200 to $1,500_______ $1,500 to $1,800_______ $1,800 to $2,100_______ $2,100 an d over _____ 14 34 37 32 22 6 2. 32 3. 20 3. 56 3.01 2. 60 3.77 $796 1,067 1,348 1, 446 1,795 2, 410 M IL W A U K E E F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al n et in com e of— $600 to $900___________ $900 to $1,200_________ $1,200 to $1,500_______ $1,500 to $1,800_______ $1,800 to $2,100_______ $2,100 to $2,400_______ $2,400 to $2,700_______ $2,700 an d o v e r . _____ 14 79 114 125 75 22 9 8 2.25 3.01 3. 08 3. 25 3. 53 4. 28 4. 20 2. 75 $895 1,081 1,390 1, 659 1,886 2,161 2, 537 2,716 Since one of the primary purposes of the investigation was to determine the kind of living available to families at different economic levels, the detailed analysis of expenditures has been based upon a classification which takes into account not only the total amount of money available for family living, but also the composition of the family for which it is spent. The process of classifying families accord ing to their economic level may be indicated from the case of two families, each spending $1,450 during the schedule year. The first family consisted of a man of 40 working as a machine operator; his wife, 38; two sons, aged 15 and 6; and two daughters, aged 12 and 8. In addition, the family was responsible during 6 months for the total support of the wife’s mother, who lived with them during half the year. This family is regarded as consisting of 6% full-time equivalent persons. The second family consists of a man of 27, also a machine operator; his wife, 26; a daughter of 4 years, and an infant son 1y2 years old. This is a 4-person family. The first family spent $725 and the smaller family $780 for all items other than food and clothing. 28 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION There is not enough information at present available on the influence of age or sex on these general types of expenditure to improve upon the assumption that equal expenditures are incurred for each member of the family. The expenditure per full-time equivalent person in the first family was $112 as against $195 in the second family for all items other than food and clothing. In the case of food, studies of custom ary expenditures and of dietary needs have been made in sufficient detail to allow for the creation of scales of expenditure for each age, sex, and activity group in terms of the customary expenditures of an adult male employed full time. The scales adopted in this study indicates that the first family consists of the equivalent of 5.5 adult males in the family for the full year. This unit will be sub sequently referred to in the present study as a “ food-expenditure unit.” The second family consists of 2.9 food-expenditure units. The first family spent $580 per year for food, or the equivalent of $105 per expenditure unit. The second family spent $500, which, although a substantially smaller proportion of its total income, amounted to $172 per food-expenditure unit. Finally, in connection with clothing, it has been possible as a result of this study to derive scales of customary expenditures related to sex, age, and occupation. If the average expenditures of adult male wage earners and lower-salaried clerical workers between the ages of 21 and 35, inclusive, are regarded as equivalent to one clothingexpenditure unit, it has been found that the larger of the two families contains 4.0 clothing-expenditure units, while the smaller family contains 2.6. The first family spent $145 for clothing and the smaller family, $170. This is an average per clothing-expenditure unit of $36 for the first family and $65 for the second. The economic level of the first family has been measured by the sum of these three types of unit expenditure: $105 for food; $36 for clothing; and $112 for all other items: total for the family, $253 per expenditure unit. The smaller family which, it will be recalled, had an identical income to spend, has not been classified with the larger family, but rather with other families that had a unit expenditure of more than $400, but less than $500. In both cases, this means that these particular families are grouped as regards economic level with families whose incomes may be quite different. For example, a widow with one young child, earning $100 a month, would be grouped with the smaller of the two families, as would also a very large family with an income of more than $3,000. Since family income is so closely related to family composition, it is important that expenditures be analyzed in relation to number of expenditure units. This will be more clearly seen from table 6, which presents data on unit expenditure at each income level for the white INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 29 families studied in the investigation. The average family expenditure at the highest income level shown was almost three times that at the lowest level, but the unit expenditure at the highest income level was only about twice the amount at the lowest. In subsequent discussions in this bulletin, expenditures will be analyzed by economic level. (See appendix G, p. 431.) Economic levels are distinguished in as many intervals for each city as the number of cases and type of data would allow. Equivalence between total expenditures and economic levels. Since most discussions of expenditure have been based upon differ ences in expenditure at various income levels, it may be convenient to translate the economic levels under discussion into equivalent total annual expenditures for the two families described above. On the basis of the scales used in this study, the first family is regarded as consisting of 5.73 or 5.7 expenditure units, while the second family consists of 3.36 or approximately 3.4. The $200 to $300 economic level for the first family implies total annual expenditures, then, of $1,425, and the $650 level for the same family, total expenditures of $3,705. The equivalence is shown in table 7. T able 7.— Total expenditure of families of different size at given economic levels E co n o m ic lev el — F am ilies w ith an n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— $150— _______ ___ ________________________________________________ $250 ___ __________________________________ __________________ $350— ___ _________________________________________________ $450— . _ __ _____________________ ________________________ $550________ _______ ________________________ — __ - _____ $650____________________________________________________________________ F a m ily of itu re u n its 1 F a m ily of itu re u n its 2 $855 1,425 1,995 2,565 3,135 3, 705 $510 850 1,190 1,530 1,870 F a m ily of itu re u n its 3 5.7 exp en d 3.4 ex p en d 1.9 ex p en d 2,210 $285 475 665 855 1,045 1,235 1 F a m ily c o n siste d o f a m a n , 40, w o r k in g as a m a ch in e op erator; h is w ife , 38; 2 so n s aged 15 an d 6, an d 2 d a u g h ters aged 12 a n d 8. 2 F a m ily co n siste d o f a m a n , 27, w o rk in g as a m a ch in e op erator; h is w ife, 26; a d au gh ter 4 y ea rs old ; an in fa n t so n , m y ea rs o ld . 3 F a m ily co n siste d of a m a n , 35, w o rk in g as a m a ch in e op erator; an d h is w ife, 31. Order of Expenditures at Different Economic Levels At the lower expenditure levels there are a certain number of small families with very low incomes, but more large families with incomes approaching the median. Families of these two different types are nearer together as far as spending patterns are concerned than two families with the same money income, one of husband and wife and no other persons, and the other including in addition several children. Differences between the average expenditure patterns of families at the lowest and highest economic levels may be illustrated by data from the group studied in Cleveland. (See fig. 5.) EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 30 Fig 5 DISTRIBUTION OF FAMILY EXPENDITURES OF WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS AT TWO DIFFERENT ECONOMIC LEVELS CLEVELAND, 1935- 1936 WHITE FAMILIES ITEM U S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS PERCENT OF TOTAL EXPENDITURE 31 INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS There were 35 families at the lowest of the spending levels analyzed, and they averaged 5.50 persons. Their incomes averaged $1,232. They devoted almost 42 percent of their total outlay to food, and al most 25 percent to housing, fuel, light, and refrigeration, having thus only one-third of the total left for other items of household operation, clothing, transportation, recreation, medical care, personal care, and other items which must be purchased in an American city. T a b l e 8 . — Average unit expenditure at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36 [W h ite fa m ilies o f w a g e earners an d clerica l w ork ers ] E co n o m ic lev el A verage A verage A verage N um ber food size of of fam i fa m ily in ptoentad lituexre u n it lies ex p en d i per fa m ily ex p e n d i tu re u n its tu re A verage u n it c lo th in g ex p en d i tu re A verage Aa mv erage ount am ount e n t for sp en t for sp a ll ite m s other ex item s per p eper n d itu re person u n it C IN C IN N A T I F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l ex p e n d itu re of— U n d e r $300____________ $300 to $400___________ $400 to $500___________ $500 to $600___________ $600 to $700___________ $700 to $800___________ $800 to $900___________ $900 to $1,000_________ $1,000 to $1,100_______ $1,100 a n d o v er_______ 31 72 88 55 42 28 13 10 8 5 4.76 3.61 3.03 2.73 2. 61 2. 38 2.53 2.23 2.68 2.13 $1,144 1,283 1,347 1,507 1,665 1,759 2,120 2,115 2,969 2,702 $113 156 180 205 228 250 304 288 323 356 $30 40 50 68 75 91 71 106 176 102 $96 159 214 277 334 397 460 557 623 805 $240 355 445 552 638 739 838 948 1,108 1,269 $108 143 173 189 209 235 275 $33 46 59 67 79 87 106 $101 164 218 284 353 411 590 $241 354 450 540 645 735 975 $87 105 127 149 167 189 222 $10 33 46 54 60 73 98 $59 124 176 246 325 381 514 $156 259 348 447 552 647 837 CLEVELAND F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it e x p en d itu re of— U n d e r $300____________ $300 to $400___________ $400 to $500___________ $500 to $600___________ $600 to $700___________ $700 to $800___________ $800 a n d ov er _ ____ 35 82 106 83 66 44 74 4.95 4.04 3.41 2.95 2.58 2. 55 2.19 $1,194 1,430 1,535 1,594 1,665 1,874 2,136 COLUM BUS F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l u n it e x p en d itu re of— $100 to $200___________ $200 to $300___________ $300 to $400___________ $400 to $500___________ $500 to $600___________ $600 to $700___________ $700 an d o v er________ 7 41 55 55 40 30 38 6.00 4.17 3.44 3.06 2.61 2.28 2.16 $936 1.079 1,198 1,369 1,440 1,476 1,808 32 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 8 . — Average unit expenditure at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36— Continued E co n o m ic lev el A verage A verage N um ber size of of fam i fa m ily in ptoe ntad litue xre lies ex p en d i per fa m ily tu re u n its A verage Aa mverage ount am ount e n t for sp e n t for sp all item s other per ex item s per p en d itu re p erson u n it A verage food u n it ex p e n d i tu re A verage u n it c lo th in g ex p en d i tu re $72 115 138 162 181 206 208 236 238 275 318 $23 35 49 63 70 91 96 113 108 104 153 $79 110 151 218 288 343 429 501 608 670 868 $174 260 338 445 542 641 710 860 963 1,050 1,333 $96 127 142 163 201 $38 50 56 72 86 $108 169 239 312 479 $243 346 439 548 769 $82 103 136 147 178 207 220 $21 32 43 54 70 77 101 $68 111 175 231 300 358 598 $172 246 354 435 550 641 925 $92 125 146 163 182 214 $38 43 58 79 106 108 $116 168 233 303 359 564 $248 336 438 549 645 889 $112 143 166 189 209 211 254 262 233 290 $28 49 56 71 65 90 93 113 110 152 $100 156 222 281 369 445 482 577 694 854 $240 347 442 540 645 752 837 963 1, 042 1,295 D E T R O IT F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l u n it ex p e n d itu r e o f $100 to $200___________ $200 to $300___________ $300 to $400___________ $400 to $500___________ $500 to $600___________ $600 to $700................ .. $700 to $800....................... $800 to $ 9 0 0 „ ............ $900 to $1,000............ .. $1,000 to $1,100_______ $1,100 a n d o v e r----------- 16 59 101 122 100 76 56 32 19 10 7 6.32 4.8 8 4.22 3.42 2.90 2. 68 2. 48 2.20 2.16 2.12 2.0 2 $1,098 1,269 1,426 1,521 1,571 1,719 1,762 1,892 2,081 2, 226 2,692 G R A N D R A P ID S F a m ilie s w ith an n u a l u n it ex p en d itu re of— U n d e r $300-----------------$300 to $400___________ $400 to $500___________ $500 to $600___________ $600 an d ov er-------------- 47 39 55 19 34 4. 55 3.33 2.87 2. 67 2.2 0 $1,104 1,151 1, 260 1, 464 1, 691 IN D IA N A P O L IS F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l u n it e x p en d itu re of— $100 to $200___________ $200 to $300___________ $300 to $400___________ $400 to $500___________ $500 to $600___________ $600 to $700— . ............ $700 a n d o v er-------------- 5 21 49 35 35 25 33 5.23 4.2 2 3.5 3 3.2 5 3.01 2.55 2.17 $900 1,038 1,250 1,414 1,654 1,635 2,007 L A N S IN G F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it ex p en d itu re of— U n d e r $300____________ ___________ $300 to $400 $400 to $500___________ $500 to $600___________ $600 to $700___________ $700 and over . 28 30 28 20 17 22 4.35 3. 52 3.01 2.43 2.48 2.10 $1,077 1,182 1.319 1,335 1, 600 1,867 M IL W A U K E E F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l u n it e x p e n d itu r e of— U n d e r $300___________ $300 to $400___________ $400 to $500___________ $500 to $600___________ $600 to $700___________ $700 to $800___________ $800 to $900___________ $900 to $1,000_________ $1,000 to $1,100............... $1,100 a n d ov er_______ 42 79 116 66 56 33 25 7 11 11 5.06 4.22 3.23 3.0 0 2.42 2.4 0 2.01 1.99 2.39 1.98 $1, 214 1,465 1,429 1,620 1,562 1,805 1,683 1,917 2,490 2,565 INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 33 The 66 families at the highest expenditure level averaged only about 2.79 persons per family. Their incomes averaged $1,663. Their unit food expenditure was twice as much as that of the larger families at the lower level, but the outlay only represented 30 percent of their total expenditure. Their expenditures for housing, fuel, light, and refrigeration averaged $139 per person, as compared with $54 at the lowest level, but the percentage of the total devoted to housing at the highest level was only 23.4 percent. The families at the highest level thus had 47 percent of their expenditures yet to make after they had paid for food, housing, fuel, light, and refrigeration. The amount of annual unit expenditure at successive economic levels is presented in table 8. The relatively slow increase in unit food expenditure, in comparison to the increases in unit clothing expenditure and in other items per capita, emphasizes the differences in the demand for commodities of different types. Expenditures at two economic levels. The comparison of the distribution of total family expenditures* illustrated in table 9 for two cities, shows the shift in consumer demand from one of the lowest planes at which independent families were found to the highest plane of living enjoyed by any considerable number of the families of wage earners and clerical workers. The overwhelming importance of food, housing, and clothing requirements at all economic levels within the range of -the survey is shown by their high rank in each of the eight cities. In every city food ex penditures take first place, and housing (including fuel, light, and refrigeration) expenditures second place at the $600 to $700 economic level as well as at the $200 to $300 level. Clothing ranks third at both levels in every city except Grand Rapids; in that city at the high level clothing expenditures are pushed into fourth place by expenditures for automobile purchase and operation. It is in the categories of expenditure other than food, housing, and clothing that shifts in relative importance take place as family re sources expand. The items which, in most cities, increased one or two ranks in relative importance at high economic levels were fur nishings and equipment, gifts, and medical care. Automobile pur chase and operation expenditures increased one place in rank in four cities but more than four ranks in three cities. Personal care and household operation other than fuel, light, and refrigeration remained at approximately the same rank at high as well as low levels in most of the eight cities, whereas expenses for education, recreation, and transportation by public conveyance declined somewhat in relative importance. 34 T able EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 9.— Expenditures in rank order at 2 different economic levels, Detroit and Indianapolis, 1 year during the period 1984-86 [White families of wage earners and clerical workers] D etroit Group expenditure item Fam ilies w ith annual u n it expenditure to $300 $200 F ood_______________ - ____________ __________ ____________ C lothing________________ _______________________._ __________ H o u sin g 1___________________________ ______________________ Other household operation________________ . . . __ __________ F urnishings and equ ip m en t_______ ___________ ___________ A utom obile and m otorcycle purchase, operation, and m ain tenance______________________ ___ ___ ___________ O ther tra n sp o rta tio n ____ _____________ ___________________ Personal care_________________________________ ______________ M edical care_________________________________________ _______ R ecreation__________________________________ ______________ E d u cation ____________________________________________________ V ocation____________________________________________________ C om m u n ity welfare. _ ___ ____ __________ _________ __ G ifts and contributions to persons outside the econom ic fam ily . ----------------------- ------------- ----------------- ------------O ther item s. _ ___________ ____ ______________________ _____ Indianapolis 1 3 2 6 $600 to $700 1 3 2 8 $200 to $300 1 3 2 7 $600 to $700 1 3 2 7 5 4 9 8.5 5 8.5 10 7 4 12 15 7 4 10 9 5.5 5.5 13 14 10 5 8.5 8.5 4 13 14 13 14 13 11 12 10 11 14 12 15 6 11 15 11 8 6 12 15 1Including fuel, light, and refrigeration. Expenditures having the lowest ranks, such as education, vocation, and other items, retain about the same relative importance among families at the low as at the high level. The relatively small expendi tures for formal education at the upper economic level are explained by the composition of families found at this plane in each of the cities. They contained an average of slightly more than 2.5 persons. The number of persons under 16 years old averaged less than 0.5 per family, while the average number gainfully employed at some time during the year was about 1.33 persons per family. Changes in Assets and Liabilites 15 The proportion of the white families studied in the East North Central region reporting net surpluses of current income over current expenditures for the year covered by the study varied from 51.0 per cent in Grand Rapids to 63.2 percent in Columbus. Among those who spent less than their money incomes for current living, the average amount of surplus per family ranged from $119 in Grand Rapids to $174 in Columbus. (See table 10.) On the other hand, the proportion of families studied who met part of their expenditures only by drawing on assets accumulated prior to the year covered by the schedule or by incurring debts during the schedule year varied from 32 percent in Columbus to 46.4 percent in Grand Rapids. The average deficit 15For purposes of this study, changes in assets and liabilities are computed on the basis of changes which occurred as the result of transfer of property or funds. Changes in the market value of real estate or personal property remaining in the hands of the families studied are not included in these figures, For a more detailed explanation, see appendix A, notes on tables 4 and 5, pp. 379 and 380, INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 35 per family in this situation was $147 in Indianapolis and $227 16 in Cincinnati. The small proportion of families not included in either of the above categories reported incomes just balancing current expend itures. When all families in each city are treated as a unit, there is a small average net surplus in five of the cities and a net deficit in three, resulting in a range for the eight cities from a deficit of $20 in Grand Rapids to a surplus of $43 in Columbus. In considering these figures, it is important to keep in mind the financing of the occasional large expenditure which must be made by every family, and the general level of incomes among the families of wage earners and clerical workers. Median incomes in the eight groups of families studied varied from $1,191 to $1,560. The purchase by a family at this income level of an electric refrigerator for $150, for example, must inevitably be financed in part by some means outside of current income. It may be from past savings which have been set aside for this purpose, or from current borrowing. Using either method, the family will show a deficit in the particular year in which an extraordinary occasional purchase is made. The important thing to observe, therefore, is not that a number of families spent more than their incomes in the given year, but the balance at a given income level between aggregate income and aggre gate expenditures. Under normal circumstances we might expect that exceptional outlays made in any one year by some families would balance accumulations made by other families in anticipation of later purchases from savings, or reductions of liabilities incurred for pur chases of previous years. In this connection, it is important to note the setting of the period in which these surveys were made. There had been a period of 3 or 4 years of intense anxiety during which there was no certainty as to what the future held in store. It would appear that a number of families in the wage-earner and clerical groups had managed even during the worst days of the depression to conserve small amounts of their past savings or of their current income. By 1934, and more particularly by 1935, anxiety with reference to the future was some what relieved, especially in the case of the group of families covered by this investigation, since families without relatively steady employ ment and those having been on relief at any time during the year prior to the interview by the field agent were excluded from the survey. When the families are classified according to income, it appears that the level at which aggregate savings exceeded aggregate deficits 16 T he figures just cited have been com puted from the fam ilies’ ow n statem ents about changes in their assets and liabilities and do not represent a balancing difference betw een reported incom es and reported current expenditures. (See appendix A, pp. 375-376.) M ost fam ilies were not able to present a statem ent of total receipts and total disbursem ents w hich balanced exactly. N o schedule w as accepted for use from a fam ily w hich could n ot su p p ly a statem en t of total receipts and total disbursem ents w hich balanced w ith in 5 percent. 36 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION varied somewhat from city to city. (See tabular summary, table 5.) Except in Indianapolis and Milwaukee, where small surpluses appeared in the lowest interval, average net deficits occurred in all classes under the $1,200 level. In Cleveland, Detroit, and Lansing, a clear turning point was reached at the $1,500 group. Cincinnati and Milwaukee were irregular, each having one higher income class which showed a net deficit. In studying the funds from sources other than family income (see left-hand side of p. 18 of facsimile of schedule, p. 427) drawn upon by these eight family groups, it is of considerable interest to note that more than half were direct increases in liabilities. Only in Cincinnati and Columbus did withdrawals from previously accumulated assets exceed sums obtained by incurring debts for goods and services or by increasing installment obligations. The Cincinnati families withdrew an average of $102 from previous savings, and received only a net $73 by borrowing directly or by using credit. In Columbus, the corresponding figures were $70 and $64. No clear relationship between net savings and deficits and the level of expenditure per adult male equivalent can be expected. When families are classified on this latter basis, it follows that they may attain a relatively high level of current expenditure by incurring a current deficit. Thus deficit families move up the scale to a higher level of living than current income alone would allow, and families with surpluses for the year move down the scale. As is to be expected under these conditions, less regularity is shown in deficit and surplus financing in table 10, with families classified by economic level, than was shown in table 5 of the tabular summary with families classified by income. It is significant to note, moreover, that it was at the highest economic level that current expenditure exceeded current income. This serves to emphasize the fact that the economic level of a given family in a given year is determined not only by its current income, but also by past savings and ability to borrow. There are at the lower expenditure levels some families with incomes relatively adequate in terms of the average for the entire group, which are larger than those families at higher planes of living. The latter not only had on the average larger incomes than most of those at the lower levels, larger accumulations of past savings, and correspondingly greater ability to borrow, but were also of smaller size and therefore had less fear of depleting reserves. Consequently it is not surprising to find that in a period when business recovery was getting under way, the groups with the highest level of current spending were those having the average deficits. 37 INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS T 10.— Percentage of families having surplus and deficit and net change in assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-86 able [W hite fam ilies of w age earners and clerical workers] P ercentage of fam ilies h aving— C ity and econom ic level Cincinnati A ll fam ilies______________________ Fam ilies w ith annual u n it ex penditure of— U nder $400__________________ $400 to $600__________________ $600 and over___ ____________ Cleveland A ll fam ilies_________________ Fam ilies w ith annual u n it ex penditure of— U nder $400__________________ $400 to $600__________________ $600 and over________________ Columbus A ll fam ilies____ _________ _______ Fam ilies w ith annual u n it ex penditure of— U nder $400._ __________ __ _ $400 to $600__________________ $600 and over________ _______ Detroit A ll fam ilies___________ ____ __ F am ilies w ith annual u n it ex penditure of— U nder $400. __ _________ _____ $400 to $600__________________ $600 and over________________ Grand R apids A ll fam ilies______________________ F am ilies w ith annual u n it ex penditure of— U nder $400__________________ $400 to $600__________________ $600 and over________ _______ Indianapolis A ll fam ilies______________________ Fam ilies w ith annual u n it ex penditure of— U nder $400__________________ $400 to $600__________________ $600 and over________________ Lansing A ll fam ilies-------------------------Fam ilies w ith annual u n it ex penditure of— U nder $400__________________ $400 to $600__________________ $600 and over------------------------M ilw aukee A ll fam ilies__________ ___ ___ ___ Fam ilies w ith annual u n it ex penditure of— U nder $400__.----------------------$400 to $600__________________ $600 and over-----------------------i Less than $0.50. N um ber of fam i lies N et sur plus N et def icit A verage am ount of— N e t change in assets and liab ilities for all fam i Surplus lies per fam ily having Per Per ex Per fam pendi gainful surplus ily ture u n it worker 352 60.8 38.4 +$14 +$5 103 143 106 68.9 59.4 54.7 30.1 39.2 45.3 +80 +26 +20 490 57.8 41.6 -1 117 189 184 60.7 58.2 55.4 38.5 40.7 44.6 +13 +18 -2 9 +6 -1 2 266 63.2 32.0 +43 103 95 70.9 62.1 52.9 23.3 36.8 38.2 +88 68 598 56.8 40.3 222 200 176 61.9 59.0 50.0 35.2 39.6 45.5 194 51.0 46.4 74 34 57.0 43.2 52.9 40.7 52.7 47.1 203 62.1 36.0 75 70 58 64.0 60.0 62.1 145 -6 6 +9 -2 7 (0 +3 D eficit per fam ily having deficit +$10 $166 $227 +56 + 19 -4 5 176 145 185 137 155 370 -1 156 219 +13 -2 0 162 174 156 188 283 +14 +32 174 208 + 23 +63 + 13 +H 157 165 226 98 231 279 +1 148 206 +7 -8 -3 +18 -1 5 152 182 206 167 244 -2 0 -6 -1 5 119 173 +12 +3 -1 6 -2 1 +9 -3 4 -3 2 103 122 157 115 184 274 + 40 + 13 +27 149 147 33.3 38.6 36.2 +41 +36 +42 +11 +12 +18 +28 + 25 + 27 221 132 89 113 262 61.4 33.1 +40 +13 + 31 157 171 58 48 39 72.4 56.3 51.3 24.1 39.6 38.5 + 63 +61 +22 -2 1 +16 -9 +48 + 50 -1 6 115 208 178 85 140 291 446 59.2 37.7 +12 +4 +9 150 203 56.2 65.9 53.1 38.8 31.3 44.8 + 41 -3 1 +4 + 13 -1 4 +15 + 31 -2 4 124 134 199 126 151 305 86 121 182 143 + 17 + 13 +1 -3 + 23 -2 0 -4 4 -4 6 +20 +6 +6 0) -1 +8 120 112 111 38 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION Within this general tendency there are in individual cities consid erable irregularities. They notably decreased, however, when the families were grouped at only three economic levels, that is those with annual unit expenditure of under $400, between $400 and $600, and $600 and over. (See tabular summary, table 19.) It will be seen from table 10 that in all of the eight cities, the percentage of families completing the year with a net decrease in assets or a net increase in liabilities, and the amount of such deficit, are both higher in the group spending $600 per expenditure unit than in the group spending less than $400. On the other hand, the percentage of families who achieved a net surplus during the year covered by the schedule decreased from low to high economic level, despite the fact that the average amount of surplus per family having surplus increased as the plane of living rose. The most frequent form of savings (see tabular summary, table 4) was the payment of life insurance premiums,17 reported by 84 percent or more of the families in each of the eight cities except Lansing, where the percentage was 73. The average amount of such premiums per family making payments ranged from $53 in Lansing to $98 in Cleveland. In general, the proportion of families investing in life insurance, and the average amount of premiums paid, increased with rise in economic level. Except in Detroit and Milwaukee, the second most frequently reported disposition of funds for other than current expenses was payment on principal of mortgages and down payment on owned homes. In Detroit and in Milwaukee an increase in cash in savings account took second place. On the other side of the balance sheet, the most frequently specified sources of funds other than family income were net increases in in stallment account obligations for goods other than automobiles, and “ other debts/’ which include grocers’ , doctors’ , hospital, and other miscellaneous bills. Withdrawals from savings constituted the next most frequently used source of funds for families in seven of the cities. In every city, installment purchases were responsible for a rela tively small proportion of increases in the liabilities of these families. Even so, however, they were considerably larger than decreases in amounts spent in paying off liabilities incurred in this way in times previous to the schedule year. Evidently by 1935 sufficient optimism regarding future prospects prevailed among the families studied to account for their willingness and ability to undertake major purchases on the installment plan. In a stu d y am ong Federal em ployees carried on b y the B ureau of Labor Statistics ju st prior to the in itiation of this investigation, the schedule provided for securing inform ation on the typ e of insurance covered b y the prem ium s reported. It w as found th at very frequently inform ants w ere unable to provide th e inform ation, and th e question w as n ot included in the present schedule. It is, therefore, im possible to estim ate how m uch of th e am ount paid in life insurance prem ium s represents savings and how m uch w as paid for insurance protection during th e schedule year. IN C O M E LEVEL AND MONEY 39 D ISB U R SE M E N T S T a b l e 11.— Changes in assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36 [W hite fam ilies of w age earners and clerical workers] C ity and econom ic level A verage decreases, in am ou nts due * on goods pur A ver A verage N u m b er A verage decreases chased on in age de of fam increases in lia b il- stallm ent plan creases ilies in assets ities in assets A u tom o O ther biles goods A ver age in creases in lia bilities A verage increases in am ounts due on goods pur chased on in stallm en t plan A utom o Other biles goods C in c in n a t i A ll fam ilies________ F am ilies w ith annual u n it expenditure of— U nder $400________ $400 to $600________ $600 and over--------- 352 $137 $52 $3 103 143 106 159 114 148 77 32 54 1 2 7 490 122 57 117 189 184 104 124 132 266 103 95 $102 $73 $12 8 9 109 69 140 47 51 128 7 31 4 8 79 102 41 73 51 3 7 3 7 4 14 102 110 9 33 16 16 29 118 59 5 6 70 64 10 16 103 117 143 49 63 68 4 8 4 6 26 76 130 88 68 39 69 14 18 18 19 598 112 49 6 5 62 98 19 17 222 200 83 132 116 48 42 59 4 4 9 4 5 6 44 59 82 90 92 114 5 15 34 20 194 95 39 1 5 74 79 15 13 74 34 83 84 145 30 41 57 5 3 203 107 75 70 58 $8 6 0 $28 21 22 43 C le v e la n d A ll fam ilies........................ F am ilies w ith annual u n it expenditure of— U nder $400________ $400 to $600________ $600 and over______ 40 80 16 92 99 2 21 C o lu m b u s A ll fam ilies................__ F am ilies w ith annual u n it expenditure of— U nder $400________ $400 to $600________ $600 and o v e r .. 6 5 2 11 D e tr o it A ll fam ilies____________ F am ilies w ith annual u n it expenditure of— U nder $400________ $400 to $600-_______ $600 and over--------- 176 10 18 G ra n d R a p id s A ll fam ilies........................ F am ilies w ith annual u n it expenditure of— U nder $400________ $400 to $600________ $600 and over--------In d ia n a p o lis A ll fam ilies________ - F am ilies w ith annual u n it expenditure of— U nder $400________ $400 to $600________ $600 and over______ L a n s in g All fam ilies____________ F am ilies w ith annual u n it expenditure of— U nder $400________ $400 to $600________ $600 and over______ M ilw a u k e e A ll fa m ilie s.. _________ F am ilies w ith annual u n it expenditure of— U nder $400________ $400 to $600________ $600 and over______ 1L ess than $ 0 . 5 0 . 5 3 4 8 5 °— 4 0 — 0 10 49 86 113 52 84 136 4 3 69 8 21 8 54 12 8 38 84 27 32 78 87 168 35 77 52 7 14 15 6 11 37 60 52 91 118 13 19 53 19 36 43 145 70 66 6 7 36 60 12 16 58 48 39 70 67 73 51 95 51 18 5 4 18 40 58 41 61 87 1 0 4 39 13 15 446 120 38 4 3 68 78 15 15 98 115 146 33 36 45 3 7 3 4 3 111 5 41 15 19 86 121 182 143 4 0) 3 0 1 7 12 20 36 56 74 54 110 0) 21 11 40 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION A comparison of the number of families reporting the purchase of an automobile during the year covered by the schedule with the num ber reporting an increase in installment obligations for the purchase of automobiles shows that in Indianapolis almost two-thirds financed them by installment contracts of which a balance remained unpaid at the end of the year covered by the schedule. About one-half of the families in Cincinnati, Detroit, Grand Rapids, and Milwaukee, and over a third in the other three cities did so. Since a large pro portion of the cars were purchased second-hand and cost less than $300, it is probable that some of them were paid for within the period of the schedule year. In some cases, the families resorted to small-loan companies for the purpose of financing automobile pur chase, but the figures .as reported in this study do not enable con clusions as to what proportion of all such loans were used for this purpose. Chapter 2 Expenditures for Specified Goods Food Annual food expenditures. The total unit food expenditure 1 increased markedly with rise in economic level. As shown in table 12, families spending $600 to $700 per expenditure unit for all items paid out approximately twice as much for food for each adult-male-equivalent in the household as those spending $200 to $300 per expenditure unit for all items. In contrast to the increase in unit food expenditures, the average amounts spent for food per family declined in proportion to total current expenditures— partially because of the decrease in size of fam ily associated with rise in economic level2 in this group. The actual dollar expenditures for food prepared at home (including food for lunches carried to work and to school) decreased from low to high economic levels in six cities. The percentage decrease ranged from less than 1 percent in Columbus, where the average annual expendiT able 12.— Unit food expenditure at low and high economic levels, 1 year during the period 193^-36 [W hite fam ilies of w age earners and clerical workers] Economic level—Families with annual unit expenditure of— City Cincinnati______ ___ __ _ _ _______ __ Cleveland___ _ __ _______ ________ Columbus _ _ _______ __ ____ Detroit-. ___ __ _ ___________ Grand Rapids.____ _ ______ __ _ __ _ Indianapolis__ __ ___ _ _____ _____ _ _ Lansing_______ _________ __ _ _ ____ Milwaukee, ____ _______ __ __ __ ___ Percentage increase in unit food expendi ture food Number Unit food Number Unit expendi of families expendi ture1 of families ture 1 $200 to $800 31 35 41 59 47 21 28 42 $113 108 105 115 96 103 92 112 $600 to $700 42 66 30 76 34 25 17 56 $228 209 189 206 201 207 182 209 101.8 93.5 80.0 79.1 109.4 101.0 97.8 86.6 1 Food expenditure u n its are com puted from scales based on th e estim ated cost of custom ary food con su m p tion during th e period of th e su rvey. T h ey m ay be used as a convenient com m on denom inator in stu d yin g differences in total expenditures for food at different econom ic levels. (See appendix G .) 1B y u n it food expenditure 2T hroughout the bulletin , is m eant am ount spent for food per food expenditure unit. econom ic level is defined as the am ount of current expenditure for all item s per total expenditure u n it per year. In th e tabular sum m ary, table 8, details of annual food expenditures are show n b y as m an y econom ic levels as the num ber of cases in each c ity and the typ e of data for th is table w ould allow . H ow ever, for purposes of discussion in the text, three com parable levels for all cities are used. T h ey are low econom ic level, under $400; interm ediate, $400 to $600; high, $600 and over. 41 42 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION ture per family at the lowest level was $385, to 17 percent in M il waukee, where comparable expenditure was $535. In Cincinnati, average expenditures for food prepared at home increased 8 percent from the low to the high level. In Lansing the increase was less than 1 percent. Conversely, actual dollar expenditure for food purchased and eaten away from home increased considerably from the low to the high level in each of the eight cities. The increase was twofold in Cincinnati and Cleveland and threefold in Detroit, Grand Rapids, Indianapolis, Lansing, and Milwaukee. Out of each dollar spent for food at the low economic level in five cities, between 3 and 5 cents was used to purchase food away from home. In Cincinnati, Columbus, and In dianapolis, between 7 and 9 cents was so spent. At the high eco nomic level, from 5 to 11 cents more per food dollar in these cities went for meals, candy, ice cream, or drinks away from home. Expenditures for meals at work are clearly connected with size of city, and the distance between home and work. They accounted for at least 50 percent of the total amount spent for food away from home at both low and high levels in Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Detroit, and Indianapolis, leaving only 50 percent for meals at school and on vacation, other meals out, and ice cream, candy, and soda and other drinks purchased in restaurants, lunch counters, soda fountains, and bars. In Grand Rapids, the proportion of the food dollar for meals away from home was lower, 42 percent at the low level and 47 percent at the high. In Lansing, a much smaller city where many workers can return home for dinner at noon, only 12 percent of total expenditures for food away from home went for meals at work at the low level and 35 percent at the high level. Expenditures for board at school (which were classified with expendi tures for meals away from home) were extremely rare throughout all the groups studied. Such expenditure was reported by only 13 out of the 2,694 white families covered in this region. Food expenditures in 1 wee\ in spring and winter quarters. Data on the purchase of 194 separate foods are available for 1 typical week in one-quarter for each city.3 They show a marked 3 In order to avoid overburdening the housew ives cooperating in the in vestigation, the schedule w as not planned w ith a v iew to obtaining estim ates of th e annual consum ption of individual foods. T he section on the details of food purchases provided only for a sum m ary of annual food expenditures and th e details of food purchased and consum ed only during the w eek prior to the v isit of the field agent. Since th e figures on average am ounts purchased and consum ed were in the great m ajority of cases identical, data on q uanti ties of food purchased only are presented here. D ata on num ber of fam ilies using are presented to give a m ore com plete picture of consum ption (see tabular sum m ary, table 7). In m ost cities, the field w ork extended over more than one season. T he differences b etw een th e averages secured in the several quarters in such instances reflect not only seasonal differences in food purchased, but also accidental differences in the econom ic level and the national backgrounds of the fam ilies in the sub sam ples interview ed in the different quarters. It w as, therefore, decided to publish in full for each city only the estim ates for th at season in w hich data were secured from th e largest num ber of fam ilies. D ata are for the spring quarter in C incinnati, C leveland, D etroit, G rand R apids, Indianapolis, and M ilw aukee, and for th e w inter quarter in C olum bus and L ansing. EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS 43 ^ 6 FOOD EXPENDITURES OF WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS AT SUCCESSIVE ECONOMIC LEVELS SPRING QUARTER CIN CIN N ATI, 1935-1936 WHITE FAMILIES ITEM EXPENDITURES PER CAPITA PER WEEK IN CENTS E C O N O M IC LEVEL / ANNUAL AMOUNT SPEN T P E R EXPENDITURE U N IT ) UNDER $400 S B H *400 oV dcr *600 ■ ■ MISCELLANEOUS U .S . BUREAU OF LABOR S TA T IS T IC S *600 ano OVER 44 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION increase in the expenditures for food per person with rise in economic level. They also show that the types and quantities of foods pur chased are distinctly different at the various levels. For these cities, the per capita 4 expenditures and quantities pur chased of meats, poultry, and sea food showed marked increases be tween the low and high economic levels. Green vegetables and fruits, important sources of minerals and vitamins, likewise increased in respect to average expenditures and to quantity purchased. For starchy foods, such as macaroni, rice, cereals, etc., on the other hand, the tendency is not so consistent. In Cincinnati, Cleveland, and Milwaukee, quantities and per capita expenditures showed an increase at the high level; in Detroit and Grand Rapids the movement was downward. In Indianapolis, quantities purchased decreased, but per capita expenditures rose. This suggests that as economic resources permitted, the families varied their diets, and obtained more of their calories from dairy products and other protective foods. Expenditures for total grain products, however, increased at higher levels. They varied at the low level from 29.1 cents per capita per week in Lansing to 40.3 cents in Detroit, and at the high level from 42.7 cents in Lansing to 55.3 cents in Cincinnati. This increase is to be ascribed, however, more to a change in the form and quality of such products purchased than to an increase in their quantity. The largest average expenditure for any single item of food was for milk. The increase between the average per capita expenditure at the low and high economic levels varied from 46 percent in Cin cinnati to 23 percent in Milwaukee. White bread followed milk as the individual food item accounting for the second largest per capita expenditure in all cities but Cleveland, where eggs were second, and Milwaukee, where butter was second. The relation between per capita expenditures for bread and the general expenditure level is irregular. Per capita expenditures for butter showed, in general, a striking increase at the higher level. Average quantities purchased also increased. Expenditures for and quantities of eggs purchased also showed a rise with economic level. The rapid expansion in con sumption by workers’ families at higher economic levels of such pro tective foods suggests that means rather than tastes limit their use at the lower planes. 4 S in ce h u m a n n eed s for an d c u sto m a ry co n su m p tio n of foods of d ifferen t ty p e s v a r y c on sid erab ly for p erson s of d ifferen t age an d sex, it is im p o ssib le to c o m p u te a n y sin g le m easu re of fa m ily size w h ic h w ill b e ap p rop riate for com p arin g th e co n su m p tio n of food from on e fa m ily to an oth er. T h e n eed of ch ild ren for m ilk is a p p ro x im a tely tw ic e as great as th a t of a d u lts, w h ile th e n eed of a d u lts for th e h eat-p ro d u cin g foods (starch es an d sugars) is .about tw ic e as great as th a t of ch ild ren . C h ild ren ’s co n su m p tio n of m ea t varies from th a t of a d u lts a t a still d ifferen t rate. In order to p ro v id e figures on q u a n titie s of in d iv id u a l foods p u rch ased an d on ex p en d itu res for in d iv id u a l foods w h ic h w o u ld p ro v id e a rea so n a b ly sa tisfa cto ry b a sis for com p arison an d y e t n o t p resen t a m islea d in g ap p earan ce of refin em en t, d a ta o n fa m ily p u rch ases of in d i v id u a l foods h a v e b een con v erted to a per ca p ita b a sis. 45 EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS T able 13.— Expenditures for food per capita per week during the period 1934-86 [W h ite fam ilies o f w ag e earn ers an d clerical w orkers] Item N u m b e r of fam ilies fu rn ish in g d a ta o n food p u rch ased in sp ecified q u a rte r, _ _ T o ta l exp en d itu re f o i : A ll fo o d s........................ ........... G rain p r o d u c ts_________ E g g s---------------------------------M ilk , ch eese, ice crea m . B u tte r an d crea m ________ O ther fa ts________________ M e a t, p o u ltr y , fish an d oth er sea fo o d __________ V eg eta b les an d fr u its____ Sugars an d sw e e ts_______ M iscella n eo u s fo o d s_____ Sales tax T o ta l exp en d itu re for: A ll fo o d s__________________ G rain p r o d u c ts_______ __ E g g s --------------------------------M ilk , cheese, ice c r e a m ... B u tte r an d c r e a m . ____ O ther f a t s . . . ____________ M e a t, p o u ltr y , fish an d o th er sea fo o d __________ V eg eta b les an d fr u its ____ Su gars an d sw e e ts_______ M iscella n eo u s fo o d s_ _ _ Sales tax C in cin n a ti C le v e la n d D e tr o it G rand R a p id s 282 $2.97 .4 5 .1 3 .33 . 13 .1 8 .7 2 .6 5 .1 0 .21 .0 7 211 $2.94 .4 6 .1 5 .3 7 .1 5 .1 4 .5 9 .11 .21 .0 7 262 .$2. 75 .4 4 .1 4 .3 6 .1 7 .1 3 .6 0 .4 9 .0 9 .2 5 .0 8 130 $2.14 .37 .13 .3 0 .1 4 .1 2 .4 0 .38 . 10 .2 0 178 $2. 35 .4 0 .1 2 .3 0 .11 .2 0 .51 .46 .0 8 .17 333 $2. 71 .43 .13 .3 4 .2 0 .1 0 .68 .5 5 .0 9 .19 170 $2. 31 .38 . 15 .2 7 .1 2 .1 5 .5 0 .46 .11 .1 7 P ercen t P ercen t P ercen t P ercen t P ercen t P ercen t P ercen t 2.4 2.9 100.0 15.1 4 .4 11.1 4 .4 6 .1 24 .2 21.8 3 .4 7.1 2 .4 .69 100.0 15.6 5.1 12.6 5.1 4 .8 23 .5 20.1 3 .7 7.1 100.0 16.0 5.1 13.1 6 .2 4 .7 21.8 17.8 3 .3 9 .1 100.0 17.3 6 .1 14.0 6 .5 5 .6 18.7 17.8 4 .7 9.3 In d ia n M ilw a u C o lu m L a n sin g kee ap olis bus 100.0 17.0 5.1 12.8 4 .7 8 .5 21 .7 19.6 3 .4 7 .2 100.0 15.9 4 .8 12.5 7 .4 3 .7 25.1 20 .3 3 .3 7 .0 100.0 16.4 6 .5 11.7 5 .2 6 .5 21.6 19.9 4 .8 7 .4 83 $2.17 .3 5 .11 .27 . 18 .1 4 .4 2 .3 8 .0 9 .23 P ercen t 100.0 16.1 5.1 12.4 8 .3 6 .5 19.4 17.5 4.1 10.6 In general, the tendencies shown by the data collected in Columbus and Lansing for the winter quarter were the same as in the other cities, where they apply to the spring. Although their own order varied, the same four items— milk, white bread, butter, and eggs— were most important at all levels in each city. No consistent differences appeared between cities in these two seasons, except that the per capita expenditures for green and leafy vegetables were, usually, considerably higher for those groups studied in the spring. Even a preliminary review of the figures shows that the diets of the families at the highest economic level had, on the average, a con siderably higher nutritive content than those at the lowest economic level shown. The quantities purchased per capita of foods rich in minerals and vitamins essential to growth and the maintenance of health were appreciably greater among the families at the higher levels of spending, and show that as family resources increased, these workers were buying diets more nearly meeting their own nutritional needs and those of their families. EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 46 9 PROPORTION OF FAMILIES SPENDING ENOUGH TO PURCHASE AN ADEQUATE DIET AT MINIMUM COST AT SUCCESSIVE ECONOMIC LEVELS 1934-1936 WHITE FAMILIES CLEVELAND DETROIT ALL FAMILIES UNDER $400 $400 $600 $600 and OVER INDIANAPOLIS ALL FAMILIES UNDER $400 $400 unSI* $600 $600 and OVER _ MILWAUKEE ALL FAMILIES UNDER $400 $400 wnonn$600 $600 and OVER 0 20 40 60 80“ PERCENT N O TE - The Adequate Diet A T Minimum Cost o f the United States Bureau o f Home Economics Was Used as the Basis for these Computations U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS 47 It is of considerable interest to estimate the adequacy of food expenditures at the different economic levels. Such an estimate 5 furnishes a rough approximation to the probability of adequacy of the diets purchased to meet the nutritional needs of the families studied (see table 14 and fig. 7). The prices used in this calculation were the average prices collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for its food cost indexes. It is, of course, possible to shop with care and buy at lower prices than these; a judicious selection of in-season fruits and vegetables and fish will lower the cost. On the other hand, to secure an adequate diet at the calculated cost requires extremely careful planning and food consumption habits which follow nutritional needs very closely, and the probabilities are that not all families spending such amounts did in fact achieve adequate diets. The figures furnish, T able 14.— Proportion of families spending enough to purchase an adequate diet at minimum cost,1 1 year during the period 19SJ+-S6 [W h ite fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] C ity an d item A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic l e v e l — F a m i l i e s w ith an n u al u n it ex p en d i tu re of— U n d er $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over F am ilies in su r v e y __________ ________________ _________ _____ P ercen tage sp en d in g en ou g h per food exp en d itu re u n it to p u r ch ase an a d eq u a te d iet a t m in im u m cost _ _ ______ _____ _____ C in c in n a ti 352 81.8 103 47.6 143 93 .7 106 99 .1 F am ilies in su r v e y ___________________________ ______________ ____ P ercen tage sp en d in g en ou gh per food exp en d itu re u n it to p u r ch ase an ad eq u a te d iet at m in im u m c o st_______ __ _ _____ C le v e la n d 490 80.0 117 38.5 189 88.4 9 7 .8 C o lu m b u s 266 63.9 103 31.1 95 77.9 68 94 .1 D etro it 598 89.5 176 69.3 222 96.4 200 9 9 .5 F a m ilie s in s u r v e y ._ __ -------------- ■ _ ----------- ---------------- ------P ercen ta ge sp en d in g en ou g h per food exp en d itu re u n it to p u r ch ase an a d eq u a te d iet at m in im u m c o st_____ __ _ _ _ ______ 203 67.0 75 37.3 70 75.7 58 94 .8 M ilw a u k e e 446 76.5 121 38.8 182 85.2 143 9 7 .2 F a m ilies in s u r v e y .. . _ __ __ _ ____________________________ P ercen ta ge sp en d in g en ou gh per food ex p en d itu re u n it to p u r ch ase an a d eq u a te d iet at m in im u m c o st_____ __ . _______ F a m ilie s in su r v e y . _______ _________ ______ __ . . ------------------P ercen ta ge sp en d in g en ou gh per food ex p en d itu re u n it to p u r ch ase an ad eq u a te d iet a t m in im u m c o st. __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ In d ia n a p o lis F a m ilie s in su r v e y ._ ___ _______________ __________ ______________ P ercen ta ge sp en d in g en ou g h per food exp en d itu re u n it to p u r ch ase a n a d eq u a te d iet a t m in im u m c o st_______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 184 i B a sed on th e a d eq u a te d iet a t m in im u m cost of th e U . S. D e p t, of A gr., B u reau of H o m e E co n o m ics. T h e cost of th is d iet per ad eq u ate-food -cost u n it d u rin g th e period of th e in v estig a tio n w as $127.39 in C in c in n a ti, $126.84 in C levelan d , $113.65 in C olu m b u s, $102.00 in D e tr o it, $120.14 in In d ia n ap o lis, an d $120.43 in M ilw a u k ee . N ote .— D a ta are n o t p resen ted for G rand R a p id s an d L a n sin g b ecau se retail prices are n o t a v a ila b le for th ese cities. 5 F or th is pu rp ose, th e size of each fa m ily w a s m easu red in ad eq u ate-food -cost u n its b a sed o n th e U n ite d S ta tes B u rea u of H o m e E c o n o m ic s’ a d eq u a te d iet a t m in im u m cost (S tieb elin g , H . K ., an d W ard , M . M ,: D ie ts a t four le v e ls of n u tritiv e co n te n t an d cost. U . S. D e p a r tm e n t of A gricu ltu re C ircular N o . 296, W a sh in g to n , 1933) an d average food exp en d itu res per ad eq u ate-food -cost u n it w ere also ca lcu lated for each fa m ily . T h ese ex p en d itu res w ere com p ared w ith th e calcu lated cost of th e sa m e d iet for a m a n a t m o d era te w ork , w h ic h w a s ta k en as a u n it in th e ad eq u a te-fo od -co st scale. 48 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION therefore, the basis for an estimate of the proportion of the families spending enough for nutritionally adequate food, though they do not show the proportion of families actually achieving adequate diets.6 The proportions for all families and for families at different economic levels, as given in table 14, show that the percentage spending enough to purchase an adequate diet rose very rapidly with rise in economic level. Housing Home ownership . The proportion of families who owned their homes ranged from 45 percent in Grand Rapids to 26 percent in Cincinnati and Milwaukee. Except in Cleveland and Detroit, the absolute difference in the per centage of families owning homes at the low and high economic levels7 was small. In Detroit the percentage was 35 at the low and 22.5 at the high economic level, in Cleveland 37 at the low and 22 at the high. There was a somewhat higher percentage of home owners at the lower economic levels 8 in the 6 other cities also. This is in part connected with the larger families at the lower level, and the conse quent importance of housing in the economic planning of these families. Since it is frequently difficult to locate large houses and apartments for rent, the large family has more incentive to buy than the small one. Size o f homes . In all cities studied in this region, home owners and renters of houses had larger homes than did those renting apartments, and renters of unheated apartments had more space than renters of heated apart ments. The home owners averaged about six rooms9 per family and renters of houses almost five and one-half rooms. Families living in apartments where heat was not included in the monthly rental aver aged over four rooms per family, while those in apartments where heat was furnished by the landlord and included in the rent averaged close to four rooms. In general, the largest homes were reported in Grand Rapids and the smallest in Cincinnati. 6 T h e B u reau of L abor S ta tistic s tu rn ed over to th e B u reau of H o m e E co n o m ics of th e U n ite d S ta tes D e p a r tm e n t of A gricu ltu re, for n u tritio n a l an a ly sis, d eta iled records of a ctu al food co n su m p tio n for 1 w e ek of a sa m p le of th e fam ilies stu d ie d . S ee “ N u tr itiv e v a lu e of d iets of fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w ork ers in N o r th A tla n tic cities, 1934-35,” H a zel K . S tieb elin g , M o n th ly L ab or R e v ie w , J u ly 1936. A lso see “ D ie ts of fam ilies of e m p lo y ed w ag e earners an d clerical w ork ers in c itie s,” H a zel K . S tieb elin g an d E sth er F . P h ip a rd , U . S. D e p a r tm e n t of A gricu ltu re C ircular N o . 507, Ja n u a ry 1939. 7 T h ro u g h o u t th e b u lle tin , eco n o m ic le v e l is d efin ed as th e a m o u n t sp e n t per ex p en d itu re u n it per yea r or th e am o u n t of a n n u a l u n it e x p en d itu res. In tab u lar su m m a ry ta b le 10, d eta ils for h o u sin g are sh o w n b y as m a n y eco n om ic le v e ls as th e n u m b er of cases in each c ity an d th e ty p e of d a ta for th is ta b le w o u ld a llo w . H o w ev er, for p u rp oses of d iscu ssio n in th e tex t, th ree com p arab le le v e ls for all c itie s are u sed . T h e y are lo w eco n om ic le v e l, u n d er $400; in term ed ia te, $400 to $600; h ig h , $600 a n d ov er. 8 O ther stu d ie s h a v e sh o w n th a t h o m e o w n ersh ip is m ore co m m o n a m o n g fam ilies of a n y g iv e n ty p e a t h ig h in co m e le v e ls th a n a t th e lo w . 9 T h e d ifficu lties in v o lv e d in secu rin g d a ta on size o f roo m s m a d e it seem in a d v isa b le to in c lu d e in stru c tio n s for o b ta in in g su ch m ea su rem en ts on th e sch ed u le u sed in th e p resen t in v estig a tio n . Q u estion s a b o u t w in d o w sp a ce a n d su n lig h t w ere o m itte d for th e sa m e reason. 49 EXPENDITURES EOR SPECIFIED GOODS T a b l e 1 5 . — A v e r a g e n u m b e r o f p e r s o n s p e r r o o m , at s u c c e s s iv e e c o n o m i c le v e ls , 1 y e a r d u r in g th e p e r i o d 1 9 3 4 —3 6 [W h ite fa m ilies of w a g e earners an d clerical w orkers] Ite m A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over Cincinnati N u m b e r of fa m ilies in su r v e y ___________________ A verage n u m b er of persons per room am o n g— H o m e o w n e r s_______________________________ _ R en ters of h o u se s____________________________ R en ters of h ea ted a p a r tm e n ts______________ R en ters of u n h ea ted a p a r tm e n ts___________ 352 .72 .87 .88 .9 6 103 1.03 143 106 66 .5 4 .51 .7 5 .7 4 80 92 91 1.22 1.12 1.24 Cleveland N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ___________________ A verage n u m b er of persons per room am on g— H o m e o w n ers________________________________ R en ters of h o u se s____________________________ R en ters of h eated a p a r tm e n ts______________ R en ters of u n h ea ted a p a r tm e n ts___________ 117 490 184 189 85 92 90 96 .68 .6 5 .72 .73 67 67 82 75 .5 2 .5 3 .6 5 .5 5 Columbus N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ___________________ A verage n u m b er of persons per room am o n g— H o m e o w n ers________________________________ R en ters of h o u se s____________________________ R en ters of h eated a p artm en ts 1_____________ R en ters of u n h ea ted a p a rtm en ts___________ 103 266 74 86 75 .6 0 .66 .63 95 .5 6 .61 68 .4 4 .4 6 .63 .4 8 Detroit N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ___________________ A verage n u m b e r of persons per room am o n g— H o m e o w n e r s________________________________ R en ters of h o u se s____________________________ R en ters of h eated a p a r tm e n ts______________ R en ters of u n h ea ted a p a rtm en ts___________ 222 176 598 .71 .7 5 .7 5 .71 200 .6 4 .70 .8 3 .7 0 .9 2 1.00 1.03 .9 3 .51 .5 3 .6 5 .5 0 GrandRapids N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ___________________ Average number of persons per room among— H o m e ow n ers_________________________________ R en ters of h o u se s____________________________ R en ters of h eated ap a rtm en ts 1_____________ R en ters of u n h ea ted a p a rtm en ts___________ 194 74 86 .79 .7 4 34 .41 .3 5 .5 9 .5 0 .53 .65 .71 Indianapolis N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ____________________ A verage n u m b er of persons per room am on g— H o m e o w n ers________________________________ R en ters of h o u se s____________________________ R en ters of h eated ap a rtm en ts 1_____________ R en ters of u n h ea ted a p a rtm en ts___________ 75 203 70 .6 7 .73 .81 .8 5 .5 9 .6 7 58 .78 .8 4 .6 2 .66 58 .63 . 62 .5 0 .4 6 .4 9 .3 9 .5 4 .6 0 43 45 Lansing N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ___________________ A verage n u m b er of persons per room a m o n g— H o m e o w n ers________________________________ R en ters of h o u se s____________________________ R en ters of h eated a p artm en ts 1_____________ R en ters of u n h ea ted a p artm en ts 1__________ 145 48 Milwaukee N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ___________________ A verage n u m b er of p erson s per room am on g— H o m e o w n ers_________________________________ R en ters of h o u se s____________________________ R en ters of h eated a p a r tm e n ts______________ R en ters of u n h ea ted a p a rtm en ts___________ 446 121 69 71 73 69 .9 8 .90 .90 1.01 1 F igu res n o t p resen ted b ecau se of sm a ll n u m b e r of fa m ilies in th is classification . 182 143 .64 .67 .82 .7 0 .4 6 .5 0 .61 .50 50 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION Although families who were either home owners or house renters were, on the average, larger than those living in multiple-family dwell ings, their homes were enough larger to make up for their greater numbers of children. For the purpose of calculating number of persons per room, hallways, open porches, kitchenettes, dinettes, and baths were not counted as rooms. In table 15 it is seen that, in general, the number of persons per room is greatest among renters of unheated apartments; that is, apartments in which heat was furnished by the tenants— usually by means of stoves. When we compare families living at the higher economic levels with those at lower levels, there is observed a pronounced downward movement in the number of persons per room. This is due in large part to the smaller size of families at the higher living plane. Except at the low economic levels in Cincinnati, Detroit, and Milwaukee, families in all categories in all cities in this region averaged less than one person per room, the rough standard usually accepted in the United States as indicating the minimum of necessary space. In table 10 of the Tabular Summary, the data from which these figures are computed are available in a more detailed break-down by economic level. Garage. The increasing importance of the automobile in enabling the Amer ican worker to locate land and a house he can afford to buy is indicated by the fact that more than three-fourths of the home owners in six city groups studied in this region had garages. In Cincinnati and Milwaukee about half of the home owners possessed this facility. Among renters, between 50 and 60 percent of the families had the use of garages in six cities, about 30 percent in Cincinnati, and about 40 percent in Milwaukee. Facilities. About a third of the renters studied in Cincinnati, Grand Rapids, Indianapolis, and Lansing, about one-fourth in Milwaukee, and less than one-eighth in Cleveland, Columbus, and Detroit lived in dwellings without one or more of the following facilities: Running hot water, inside flush toilets, electric lights, and gas or electricity for cooking. In all cities except Cleveland, the percentage of home owners lacking these facilities is considerably less than that of renters. In Cleveland, 6 percent of the renters and 7 percent of the home owners were without one or more of these modern conveniences. In table 16 there is shown for both owners and renters of each of the eight cities, the proportion of families whose homes were equipped with specified facilities, such as central heat, running hot water, or telephones. It will be observed that a larger proportion of the home owners had telephones, central heat, and gas or electricity for cooking, but that renters relatively more frequently had inside flush toilets. A considerable proportion of 51 EXPENDITURES EOR SPECIFIED GOODS renting families, and even some among home-owning families, shared the use of the toilet with other families, and as many as 17 percent of the renting families in Columbus did not have access at all to inside flush toilets. The proportion of families with electric refrigerators was approx imately twice as high among the families studied in Cincinnati as among those studied in the other eight cities. This difference is F" 8 PROPORTION OF FAMILIES OF WAGE EARNERS AND LO W ER-SA LA RIED CLERICAL WORKERS HAVING SE L E C T E D HOUSING FACILITIES AT SU C C E SS IV E ECONOMIC L E V E L S LA N SIN G , 1934-1935 WHITE FAMILIES PERCENT 100 INSIDE FLUSH TOILET RUNNING HOT WATER, ELECTRIC LIGHTS AND GAS OR ELECTRICITY FOR COOKING CENTRAL HEATING ECONOMIC LEVEL /'a n n u a l a m o u n t s p e n t PER EXPENDITURE U M lT j ] UNDER $400 | $400 un^ r $600 I $600 a nd OVER U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR S TATISTICS apparently related to the fact that rates for electric power to the amount of 100 kilowatt hours per month were ralatively low in Cin cinnati as compared with the other cities in this area for which Bureau of Labor Statistics secures data on power rates. (The amount of power needed for lighting a dwelling of average size, for small electric appliances, and for an electric refrigerator amounts to about 100 kilowatt hours per month. In table 9 of the Tabular Summary, the data on housing facilities are presented in greater detail, including a break-down according to economic level. The items which show a notable increase from low to high economic level are electric refrigerators, telephones, central heating, and hot running water. EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 52 T able 16.— Housing facilities at the end of the schedule year, 1 year during the period 1934—36 [W h ite fa m ilies o f w a g e earners an d clerica l w orkers] Ite m N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s w h o o w n ed p rin cip a l h o m e at en d of sc h e d u le y e a r . _____ P ercen ta g e of o w n ers h a vin g C e n tr a l h e a t _____________ G as or e le c tr ic ity for c o o k in g . ______. . . E le c tr ic refrigerator-------R u n n in g h o t w a t e r _____ In sid e flu sh to ile t. _____ S o le u se o f to ile t_________ T e le p h o n e ---------- . . . . . . G a rage___________ G a rd en sp a ce------------------P la y sp a ce----------------------E a c h o f th e follow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to i le ts, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h ts, an d gas or e lec tric ity for coo k in g — N u m b e r of fam ilies w h o ren ted p rin cip al h o m e at e n d of sch ed u le y e a r _______ P ercen ta ge o f ren ters h a v in g C en tral h e a t-------------------G as or e lec tric ity for c o o k in g .____________ __ E lectric refr ig e r a to r _____ R u n n in g h o t w a te r . _ _ _ In sid e flu sh to ile t________ S o le u se of t o i l e t . _______ T e le p h o n e ________________ G a rage____________________ G ard en s p a c e ____________ P la y sp a ce________________ E a ch of th e. follow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to i le ts, r u n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h ts, an d gas or electricity for cook in g — C in cin n a ti C le v e la n d 91 94.5 140 94 .3 98 .9 58.2 89 .0 96 .7 96.7 53 .8 52.7 63.7 82 .4 98 .6 25.7 95.0 98.6 97 .9 32.1 77.1 74.3 79.3 84 .6 C o lu m D e tr o it bus 94 9 6 .8 9 6 .8 28.7 89 .4 91.5 173 88 .4 G rand In d ia n M il R a p id s a p o lis L a n sin g w a u k ee 88 90 .9 95 .5 20 .5 87 .5 9 6 .6 69 71 .0 57 98 .2 9 3 .0 3 .5 66 .7 8 9 .5 96 .5 31 .6 8 4 .2 71.9 94 .7 78.9 100.0 40 .4 78.7 74.5 78 .7 98 .3 26.6 93.6 97.1 99.4 30.1 85. 5 68.8 77.5 100.0 31.8 75.0 85.2 83 .0 89 .9 36 .2 73 .9 8 8 .4 95 .7 21 .7 78 .3 95 .7 97.1 92 .9 89.4 93 .6 84 .1 68.1 261 70.5 9 7 .3 49 .0 69 .0 92 .3 74.3 19.2 29.5 23.8 46.7 350 80 .0 27 .1 9 4 .9 99 .4 9 4 .0 20 .9 53.1 44 .9 67.1 172 95.3 95.9 21.5 94 .2 83.1 97.1 24 .4 61.0 40.7 70.3 425 88 .9 97 .9 34.1 93 .9 98 .8 97 .2 20 .5 56.5 33.9 55.1 106 68 .9 90 .6 17.9 67.9 9 5 .3 99 .1 19 .8 56.6 50.9 63.2 134 70.1 80.6 26.9 70.1 9 0 .3 96 .3 12.7 61.9 78.4 80.6 92 .0 78.4 2 3 .9 75.0 9 4 .3 95.5 13.6 65.9 64 .8 76.1 66.7 93.7 87.8 91.8 65.1 66.4 63.6 100.0 88 119 89 .9 98 .3 16.8 86.6 9 5 .8 9 2 .4 38 .7 58 .8 6 6 .4 79 .0 8 4 .9 327 77.7 99.1 21.1 78 .6 9 8 .8 9 3 .3 29 .7 4 2 .2 37 .6 61.5 76.1 Housing expenditures. When families are classified according to economic level, the pro portion of total expenditures devoted to housing, fuel, light, and refrigeration combined shows a slightly declining tendency from low to high expenditure level (see table 3, tabular summary). In part this movement is a reflection of the smaller families found at the higher economic levels, but it is also found when families of one size and type are isolated and their housing expenditure followed from one income level to another. Home owners.— Among the home-owning families found in the sam ples in the East North Central cities, average current expenditure for housing ranged from $145 in Indianapolis to $238 in Cincinnati (see table 17). Included in the total of current housing expenditure for home owners are taxes, assessments, repairs and replacements, fire and liability insurance on home, interest on mortgages, and refinancing charges, but not principal on mortgage or permanent improvements. 53 EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS The largest of these items were taxes and interest on mortgage, followed by repairs and replacements. In all of the cities studied, there was a notable increase in amount devoted to housing expenditure by home-owning families at high economic levels as compared with those at low levels, though it was not proportionate to the increase in total unit expenditure10 for all items. The average amount invested in their homes by home owners making such investments during the year ranged from $99 in Indianapolis to $256 in Grand Rapids. In vestment in housing has been treated to include both payments on principal of mortgage and for permanent improvements to a home, such as addition of an enclosed porch. Such investment showed a tendency to increase with economic level except in Indianapolis and Lansing, where the changes were very irregular. T able 17.— Housing expenditures, 1 year during the period 1934-86 [W h ite fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] Ite m C in cin n a ti C le v e la n d C o lu m D e tr o it bus G rand R a p id s In d ia n L a n sin g M il ap olis w a u k ee 90 $238 138 $209 92 $187 169 $196 87 $152 68 $145 52 $164 118 $234 $129 $451 $213 $69 $366 $157 $107 $312 $125 $74 $322 $126 $54 $252 $100 $64 $274 $128 $76 $324 $160 $100 $390 $156 39 $23 86 $26 113 $19 159 $20 54 $15 100 $17 65 $19 94 $21 66 $24 45 $28 6 106 $28 12 42 $29 154 $17 214 $21 50 $21 146 $20 41 $11 19 $16 7 182 $24 352 0 13 490 $0.03 28 266 0 11 598 0 41 194 $0.13 16 203 0 10 145 0 9 446 $0.04 14 $28 1 $21 $19 0 $17 2 $11 3 $16 3 $39 1 $31 2 H o m e o w n e rs fo r 12 m on th s N u m b e r of fam ilies-----------A verage current ex p en d itu re. A verage a m o u n t in v ested d u rin g year in o w n ed h o m e____________________ A verage a n n u a l ren ta l v a lu e . A verage im p u ted in co m e from e q u ity in o w n h o m e —. R e n te r s o f h o u se s Jor 12 m o n th s N u m b e r of f a m ilie s _________ A verage m o n th ly ren ta l rate p a id ___________ __________ R en ters o f a p a rtm en ts h ea t in c lu d e d in w ith ren t jo r 12 m on th s N u m b e r o f f a m ilie s _________ A v era g e m o n th ly ren tal rate p a i d ----------- --------------------R en ters of a p a rtm en ts 15 7 0) 0) 0) w ith h e a t n o t in c lu d e d i n r e n t Jor 12 m o n th s N u m b e r o f fa m ilies---------------A verage m o n th ly ren tal rate p a id -------------------------- ------- 0) S ec o n d a ry h o u sin g N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y . A verage exp en d itu re for o w n ed v a ca tio n h o m e ........... N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for ren t on va ca tio n or tr ip . A verage exp en d itu re for ren t on va ca tio n or trip per fa m ily m ak in g su ch ex p en d itu re________ ____ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for ren t a t sch o o l___________ 1 1 In form ation n o t p resen ted b ecau se of sm a ll n u m b er of fam ilies in th is classification . 10 B y u n it exp en d itu re is m e a n t th e to ta l a m o u n t of current ex p en d itu re for all item s per ex p en d itu re u n it. 54 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION When the amount which home-owning families would have paid to rent their homes at market prices (annual rental value) is compared with the cash actually laid out for current housing expenditure, there is a net difference of income “ in kind” which may be called the im puted income from equity in owned home. This figure is shown in table 17 to have been $100 in Grand Rapids and $213 in Cincinnati. There may have been some tendency, however, for home owners to overestimate the rental value of their homes, based on an understand able reluctance to allow sufficient depreciation or to recognize the extent of the fall in rental values which had taken place in most cities during the depression. For these reasons, the imputed incomes may be a little high. Another factor which tends to cut down the apparent differential advantage of home owners as opposed to renters is that home owners are less able to move about with changing employment opportunities. The instability of many lines of employment today makes it highly desirable that a worker be able to move himself and his family to new locations from time to time if they are not to suffer severely from some local stoppage of work. Renters. — Average rents in this region ranged from $11 to $29 per month (table 17), depending on the city and the type of accomodation rented. There was a distinct tendency, as indicated in table 10 of the tabular summary, for rental rates to rise with increase in economic level. Vacation housing and room rent at school.— One family in Milwaukee, 2 in Cleveland, and 3 in Grand Rapids owned a vacation home, for which they spent $18, $7, and $8, respectively. The number of families making expenditures for rent on vacation or trips was smallest in Lansing, where but 9 families did so, and largest in Detroit, where there were 41. Their average expenditure for this item ranged from $11 in Grand Rapids to $39 in Lansing. With general improvement in plane of living, there was a sharp increase for all families in the average amount spent for rent on vacation trips. Expenditures f o r j u e l , light, and refrigeration.— The cold winters usually experienced in the cities in the East North Central region 11 are reflected in the inroads upon family finances required by the annual fuel bill. As is seen in table 18, expenditures were heaviest in winter and fall, indicating that but few of the families of workers have sufficient reserve funds or storage facilities to lay in a coal supply in the summer time, when they might take advantage of the lower prices prevalent at that season. Expenditures for electricity, gas, and ice largely account for fuel, light, and refrigeration bills in the spring and summer. ii T h e m ea n tem p eratu re for D e cem b er, Ja n u ary , a n d F eb ru a ry in th ese cities is: C in cin n a ti, 32.2; C leve lan d , 28.4; C olu m b u s, 30.6; G rand R a p id s, 26.6; In d ia n a p o lis, 30.7; L a n sin g, 24.2; an d M ilw a u k ee , 23.2. (A v era ges d erived from M o n th ly W ea th er R e v ie w . S u p p le m e n t N o . 25, U . S. D e p t, of A gric.) 55 EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS In table 11 of the Tabular Summary, detailed information is pre sented for expenditures on electricity, anthracite, bituminous coal, coke, briquets, wood, fuel oil, gas, kerosene, gasoline not used for automobiles, and ice. Since the actual amount paid for fuel, light, and refrigeration depends to a large extent on whether a house or an apartment is involved, and on whether the rent paid the landlord includes heat, data are presented for families in four separate cate gories as well as in the form of averages for all families. As would be expected, the largest total payments for fuel, light, and refrigera tion were made by families heating houses— with coal, electricity, and gas constituting the principal items of expenditure. The second largest payments were made by families who purchased fuel to heat apartments, where heat was not included in rent, with the same three items predominating. T able 18.— Expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, 1 year during the period 1984-36 [W h ite fam ilies of w age earners an d clerical w orkers] Ite m N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y _____________________ ____ T o ta l ex p en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, an d refrigeration for: Y ea r___________ _____ ___ W in te r ____________. . . . S p rin g ________ _________ S u m m e r ..___________ _ F a ll_______________________ C in cin n a ti C le v e lan d 352 490 266 598 194 203 145 446 $91 24 19 20 28 $108 35 20 21 32 $108 33 22 21 32 $114 37 22 21 34 $122 38 26 23 35 $121 43 19 23 36 $124 39 28 22 35 $124 33 21 20 41 C o lu m D e tr o it bus G rand In d ia n M ilw a u R a p id s ap olis L a n sin g kee When families paying separately for heat are classified by amount of unit expenditure (table 11 of the Tabular Summary), the dollar expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration show a slight increase from low to high levels. The fact that they do not increase more sharply indicates the basic nature of these requirements, and the fact that as funds available for spending increase, a less than pro portionate amount goes to them. Electricity expenditures showed the greatest increase from low to high economic levels. Other items of household operation.— Items of household operation other than fuel, light, and refrigeration include water rent, telephone, domestic service, laundry sent out, laundry soap and cleaning sup plies, and other miscellaneous items. Expenditure for these items, listed in table 12 of the tabular summary, showed marked increase from low to high economic levels, with the total expenditure approxi mately doubling. Those showing the greatest response to change in economic level were telephones, domestic service, and laundry out. 53485 ° — 40- -5 56 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION Furnishings and Equipment Expenditures for housefumishings and equipment vary more from family to family than those for most other items (see tables 24A and B, Tabular Summary). The variability of total furnishings and equipment expenditure is, of course, greatly exceeded by the varia bility of expenditures for individual items in this group. This is due to the fact that many of the items of furnishings and equipment are purchased by relatively few families in any one year, and that when such purchases are made they involve relatively heavy outlays. The family which bought a living-room suite last year will perhaps make no important addition to its stock of furniture this year, but will save toward purchases of other such items in subsequent years. On account of this high variability, average expenditures for specific items of furniture and furnishings for relatively small groups of families do not show significant trends, and the figures on the details of furniture and equipment purchases have been presented as regional averages rather than in terms of averages by cities. Expenditures for furnishings and equipment, which were largely for electrical appliances, furniture, carpets and rugs, curtains, bed ding, and miscellaneous equipment, varied significantly with economic level. At the lowest level, families in the eight East North Central cities combined spent $40.90 for this group of items, whereas those at the highest living plane spent $107.87 for this purpose. (See table 19.) T able 19.— Expenditures for furnishings and equipment at different economic levels, 1 year during the period 193J/--36 [W h ite fa m ilies o f w a g e earn ers an d clerical w ork ers, in 8 cities com b in ed ] Item F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it ex p en d i tu re of— U n d er $400 $400 to $600 N u m b e r o ffa m ilie s in s u r v e y ______________________ T o ta l ex p en d itu re for fu rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t. F u rn itu r e________________________________________ T e x tile fu rn ish in g s______________________________ S ilv er, c h in a , an d gla ssw a re___________________ E le c tr ic a l e q u ip m e n t___________________________ M isc e lla n e o u s e q u ip m e n t______________________ T o ta l e x p en d itu re for fu rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t F u rn itu r e ________________________________________ T e x tile fu rn ish in g s______________________________ S ilv er , ch in a, an d gla ssw a re___________________ E lectrica l e q u ip m e n t_____________ _____________ M isc e lla n e o u s e q u ip m e n t______________________ 839 $40.90 10. 74 11.24 .85 11.00 7. 07 P ercen t 26.2 27.5 2.1 26.9 17.3 1, 023 $ 66.12 16.86 15.12 1.05 23. 35 9. 74 P ercen t 25.5 22.9 1.6 35.3 14.7 $600 an d over 832 $107.87 32. 66 21. 39 2.46 35. 74 15. 62 P ercen t 30.3 19.8 2 .3 33.1 14. 5 The items purchased by the largest proportion of all families were fundamentals of household equipment: Brooms, brushes, mops, light bulbs, curtains, draperies, cotton turkish towels, sheets, pots, pans, EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS 57 cutlery, and pillowcases, with very little variation in rank order of items between the different economic levels. A large number of families at all levels also purchased canning equipment or cookers. Of the various groups of items coming under the general head of furnishings and equipment, electrical equipment shows the largest increase in average expenditure from lowest to highest economic level, and furniture the second. After electric-light bulbs, the most fre quently purchased items of electrical equipment at the lowest level were washing machines, bought by 70 families, and lamps, by 52. At the highest economic level, 148 families purchased lamps, 102 pur chased electric refrigerators, and 77 purchased washing machines. Washing machines required the largest average expenditure and electric refrigerators the second largest at the low level. The order was reversed at the high level. When the average expenditure for living-room suites is computed for those families buying such furniture, 46 families among the 839 at the lowest economic level averaged $81; 62 of the 1,023 families at the intermediate level averaged $102; and 79 of the 832 families at the highest averaged $121. Outlays for carpets and rugs by families at the highest economic level averaged $8.30, as compared with $3.33 at the lowest level. When these averages are converted to averages per family buying car pets and rugs, 121 families at the lowest level averaged $23, whereas 201 families at the highest level averaged $34. On the other hand, average expenditures for equipment of a more strictly utilitarian type, felt-base floor covering, were similar for families at both levels, $0.65 and $0.66. The average expenditure per family purchasing this type of floor covering was the same at both levels— $8. Clothing Variability o f clothing expenditures . Clothing expenditures for any one individual vary greatly from year to year. An even greater variability exists between the clothing expenditures of different individuals in any one year. This high degree of variability results from such factors as the stock of clothing left over from the previous year, the money income of the family, and the number of persons within the home whose needs must be supplied from family funds, and such unusual situations as may require special purchases. Because of this great difference between the expendi tures of individuals it is difficult to secure representative averages on the clothing expenditures of individuals unless data are available from a large number of persons. For this reason, average expendi tures for individuals for specified articles of clothing have been com puted for the region as a whole, and not for separate cities. 58 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION Total expenditure per family fo r clothing. Among the major groups of family expenditures, those for clothing are the most elastic. With increases in economic resources among families of wage-earner and lower-salaried clerical workers, more and more of the family funds go to solve the problem of what to wear. The larger average expenditure per family at the high economic level12 is the result not only of the purchase of larger quantities of the same items purchased by families at the low level, but also of greater variety and better quality of goods. Gifts o f clothing. Among families of wage earners and clerical workers, the custom of exchanging gifts of clothing at Christmas, birthdays, or other special occasions is quite extensive. If such presents were paid for from family funds and exchanged within the economic family they were not recorded as gifts, but simply as clothing expenses of the family. If, however, gifts were received from persons outside the family circle, an attempt was made to ascertain their value. Fiftythree percent of the families at the low economic level, 49 percent at the intermediate level, and 46 percent at the high reported receiving them. Their value averaged between $8 and $10. Since some of the families receiving gifts could not estimate the value, the above figures do not give a complete account of this item. Clothing expenditures fo r men and hoys. The total clothing expenditures per person decreased from $53 for men and boys 18 years and over through each age group 13 to $17 for boys aged 2 to 5 years. Such a relationship between average expen ditures and age is observed at each of the three economic levels studied. Within each age group, however, the average expenditure per person doubled from the low to the high economic level.12 When clothing expenditures of the men and boys are summarized according to expenditures for headwear, outerwear, underwear, foot wear, and miscellaneous items (see table 20), it appears that expendi tures for outerwear (which has been defined to include shirts as well as suits, trousers, overcoats, jackets, sweaters, and similar items) and for footwear (defined to include hose of all types, shoes, slippers, 12 T h ro u g h o u t th e b u lle tin eco n om ic le v e l is d efin ed as th e am o u n t sp en t per year per e x p e n d itu r e u n it, or th e a m o u n t of a n n u a l u n it ex p en d itu re. F or each of th e ta b les sh o w in g d eta ils of exp en d itu res, as m a n y eco n om ic le v e ls h a v e b een sh o w n as th e n u m b er of cases a n d ty p e of d a ta for each pa rticu lar ta b le w o u ld a llo w . S ince clo th in g exp en d itu res are sh o w n b y sex an d age groups as w e ll as b y eco n o m ic le v e l, o n ly th ree su ch lev els are p resen ted for ta b le 17 of th e tab u la r su m m a ry . T h e y are: U n d er $400, $400 to $600, an d $600 an d ov er. T h e age grou p s sh o w n for each sex in th e ta b u la tio n of item s of c lo th in g p u rch ased are: 18 y ea rs of age an d ov er, 12 th ro u gh 17 y ea rs, 6 th ro u g h 11 years, an d 2 th ro u gh 5 years. P u rch a ses for ch il dren u n d er 2 years old are sh o w n w ith o u t regard to sex. T h e age groups d istin g u ish ed for th is ta b le are: 18 years an d over, 12 th ro u gh 17 years, 6 th ro u gh 11 y e a rs, an d 2 th ro u gh 5 years. 59 EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS Fig. 9. DISTRIBUTION OF ANNUAL CLOTHING EXPENDITURES FOR INDIVIDUALS IN FAM ILIES AT SU C C E SS IV E ECONOMIC L E V E L S EIGHT CITIES IN THE EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 1934 - 1936 WHITE FAMILIES ITEM D0LLARS ECONOMIC L E V E L /ANNUAL AMOUNT SPENT P E R EXPENDITURE UNIT) ^ g^ U N O E R $400 B B B I $ 4 0 0 uftS&t $ 6 0 0 ^■$600 0 U .S . BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 10 DOLLARS 20 30 40 ano OVER 60 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION rubbers, and overshoes) required from 75 to 84 percent of the total spent by each age group. The percentage of total expenditure going to outerwear for all boys up to 17 years of age was larger at the high level than at the low. In the case of footwear, the reverse was found to be true. On the other hand, within each age class, the group of miscellaneous items including ties and cleaning and repairing ac counted for an increasing proportion of total clothing expenditure with rise in economic level. This group of items received a decreas ing proportion of the total from the higher to the lower age groups. T able 20 . — D istrib u tio n o f a nnual clothing expenditure f o r in d ivid u a ls in fa m ilie s , at successive econ om ic levels, 1 year d u rin g the p eriod 1 9 3 4 —8 6 [M en an d b o y s in w h ite fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers, in 8 cities com b in ed ] Sex, age group, an d ty p e of cloth in g M e n an d b o y s 18 years of age an d over: H e a d w e a r. __ __ _________ O u terw ear . . . ____ U n d erw ea r. ____ _ F o o tw ea r. _ _____ M iscella n eo u s ite m s. ____ T o ta l.. _ _ _ _ _ ____ B o y s 12 th ro u g h 17 years of age: H e a d w e a r. _ __ _ _____ O u terw ear _ _ ______ U n d erw ea r. _ ______ . . . . . . F o o tw e a r ... _ _ . . . _ __ M iscella n eo u s ite m s. _____ T o ta l.. _ ____ _ _____ B o y s 6 th ro u g h 11 years of age: H ea d w ea r______ __ _ . . . . . . . . . O u terw ear___ _______ ______ ______ U n d erw ea r. ___________ ____ F ootw ea r _ __________ _____ M iscella n eo u s i t e m s . ______ _____ T o ta l___ _________________ B o y s 2 th rou gh 5 years of age: H ea d w ea r. ____ _ _ __ _ _ O u terw ear. __ ______ __ ______ U n d erw ear _ F o otw ea r ._ M iscella n eo u s ite m s. . . . __ T o t a l... __ _ _ __ . . . _ A ll fam i lies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies w ith an n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $400 $400 to $600 $600 and over $2.45 27. 46 3.56 12. 27 7.18 52.92 $1.46 18.10 2.45 9.3 2 3.89 35.22 $2.43 26. 09 3.43 12.11 6.70 $3.61 40. 52 5. 09 15.93 11.72 50.76 1.08 20.18 2. 32 11.96 2.83 38. 37 .81 15.54 1.91 10.16 1.95 30.37 .62 10. 73 1.99 10. 55 1.48 25.37 .28 7. 39 2. 06 6.91 .77 17.41 A ll fam i lies P ercen t E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies w ith a n n u a l u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over P ercen t 4.1 51.4 7 .0 26.5 11.0 100.0 P ercen t 76.87 4 .6 51.9 6.7 23.2 13.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.36 24.97 2. 89 13.90 3.58 46.70 2.05 36.91 3.63 18.00 6.53 67.12 2.8 52.6 6.0 31.2 7.4 100.0 2 .7 51.1 6.3 33.5 6.4 100.0 2.9 53.4 6 .2 29.8 7 .7 100.0 3 .1 55.0 5 .4 26.8 9 .7 100.0 .45 8. 55 1.49 8.64 1.01 20.14 .77 13.15 2. 67 13.30 1.92 31.81 1.59 20.13 3.86 16.13 3.8 2 45.53 2 .4 42.3 7.9 41.6 5.8 100.0 2 .2 42.5 7.4 42.9 5.0 100.0 2 .4 41.4 8 .4 41.8 6 .0 100.0 3 .5 44.2 8 .5 35.4 8 .4 100.0 .23 4.81 1.36 5. 22 .43 12.05 .38 9.97 2. 70 8. 74 1.07 22.86 .33 13.73 3.86 10. 43 1.60 29.95 1.6 42.5 11.8 39.7 4.4 100.0 1.9 39.9 11.3 43.3 3 .6 100.0 1.7 43.6 11.8 38.2 4 .7 1.1 45.9 12.9 34.8 5.3 100.0 4 .8 51.3 6 .8 23.9 13.2 100.0 P ercen t 4 .7 52.8 6 .6 20.7 15.2 Shoes were purchased by a larger proportion of men and boys aged 18 and over than any other single item of clothing. At the low economic level, the average was about 1.4 pairs of street shoes per person purchasing, at an average price of about $3.55 per pair, as contrasted with 1.7 pairs at a price of approximately $5 at the high economic level. Cotton shirts were the item next most frequently EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS 61 purchased at the low economic level. Garments which have a relatively short period of wear, such as ties and cotton hose, were third. Wool suits claimed the largest proportion of each dollar spent for clothing by men and boys in this age group. At the low economic level, they were purchasing either a heavy or a light-weight wool suit about once in 3 years and paying on the average between $21 and $25 per suit. At the high level, one in three men bought a heavy wool suit and a light-weight wool suit, indicating that on the average a man at that level was getting a new heavy or light-weight suit once every year and a half. The average price paid at this level was about $30 for a heavy suit and $26 for a light-weight suit. Overcoats represented the next greatest expenditure. They were purchased by one in eight men at the low economic level, or the group was buying at the rate of a new overcoat for each man once in 8 years. The average price paid for these coats was about $20. At the high level, the group was buying overcoats at the rate of a new coat every 5 years, at an average price of $26. At the low level about 50 percent of the men and boys aged 18 years and over availed themselves of cleaning and repairing services, at an average expenditure per man using such services of $2.20 per year. At the high level, these figures were 81 percent and $6. Clothing expenditures fo r women and girls. Clothing expenditures for women and girls were, in general, similar to those for men and boys but, in almost all groups, higher. Thus, men over 18 averaged $53, while women averaged $59. It is also significant that women make greater adjustments in their clothing expenditures than men. Thus, women in families at the lowest economic level surveyed spent 39 percent less than the average, while men in the same group spent 33 percent less. Apparently the econ omies inevitable at the low level made it necessary for women who stayed at home to depart further from the clothing standards of their group than the men who went out to work. On the other hand, women in the highest economic group surveyed spent 53 percent more than the average while men in this group spent 45 percent more. Average expenditures per person were less for children than adults, ranging from $59 for women and girls 18 years of age and over to $17 for girls aged 2 to 5 years. Expenditures declined consistently for the lower age groups. Amounts spent for girls 2 through 5 years were slightly over 33 percent of those of the women and girls 18 years of age and over at the low level, and 35 percent at the intermediate and high levels. A summary of the clothing expenditures of women and girls by type of clothing purchased is presented in table 21. The distribution 62 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION of clothing expenditures among garments of different types was similar to that of men and boys. A larger percentage was devoted to headwear, underwear, and footwear by the women and girls, however, and a smaller percentage to outerwear. Expenditures for outerwear and footwear again accounted for about 75 percent of the total clothing expenditures of each age group. For each age group, the percentage for outerwear was larger at the high economic level, and that for footwear smaller. Expenditures for underwear accounted for 10 to 13 percent of the total expenditure for each of the age groups. Little variation with economic level was shown in the proportion of expenditures going for underwear for the oldest group. The proportion spent for underwear increased at the high level for girls at each age interval. Miscel laneous expenditures, representing on the average between 9 and 5 percent of total expenditures, increased markedly with rise in economic level. Expenditures for headwear averaged about $3, or 6 percent of total clothing expenditures for women and girls 18 years of age and over, and decreased through each age group to an average of 34 cents, or about 2 percent, for little girls 2 through 5 years of age. Shoes and silk hose were the items purchased by larger proportions of women and girls aged 18 and over than any other single item of clothing. Silk hose ranked first and shoes second at both the low and high economic levels. Felt hats were purchased by the third largest number of women at both low and high levels. The item which accounted for the largest proportion of the dollar spent for clothing by women and girls 18 and over was shoes at the low level and silk and rayon dresses at the high. At the low economic level 16 cents, and'at the high level 12 cents, of the average woman’s clothing dollar was spent for shoes. At the low and high economic levels, respectively, the following percentages of the women studied had expenditures for the indicated types of shoes, and the average prices paid were as shown. L o w eco n om ic le v e l H ig h eco n om ic le v e l Type S treet sh o es_______ ______ _ ______ _ _ __ __________ __ D r ess sh o es____ __ ______________ __ _ _ _ __________________ Sp ort sh o es___ __ ______________ __ _____________________ P ercen t A verage age price 78 26 16 $3 3 2 P ercen t A verage age p rice 84 39 24 $4 4 3 At the low economic level, an average of seven pairs of hose per year were purchased by 80 percent of the women. The average price per pair was 67 cents. At the high level, the corresponding figures increased to 13 pairs for 92 percent of the women, at an average price of 80 cents. Approximately half of the women at the low economic 63 EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS level bought rayon or silk dresses, and paid on the average $4.81 per dress. This may be contrasted with three-fourths of the women at the high level who spent distinctly more, an average of $7 per dress. T able 2 1 . — Distribution of annual clothing expenditure for individuals in families, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1984-86 [W o m en an d girls in w h ite fam ilies of w age earners an d clerical w orkers in 8 cities com b in ed ] Sex, age group, an d ty p e of cloth in g A ll fam i lies W o m en an d girls 18 years of age and over: $3.41 H ea d w ea r________________________ O u terw ear_________ ___ . _______ 26.31 U n d e rw e a r_______ __ _ __ _ 7.11 F o o tw ea r______________ - ____ 17. 51 5. 07 M iscella n eo u s ite m s ______________ T o ta l_____________________________ 59. 41 G irls 12 th ro u g h 17 y ea rs of age: H e a d w e a r .______ _______ __ __ 1. 79 O u terw ear__________ _______ __ __ 17.14 U n d e rw e a r . ______ __ . . . ------ 4.20 F o o tw ea r____________________ __ ._ 16. 31 2. 68 M iscella n eo u s ite m s______ 42.12 T o ta l_____________________________ G irls 6 th ro u gh 11 years of age: H e a d w e a r ------ ---------------------------O u terw ear_________________________ U n d erw ear __ ______ __ . . . F o o tw ea r ___ . . . _____ . . . . . M iscella n eo u s ite m s______________ T o ta l______. . . ________ . . . G irls 2 th ro u g h 5 years of age: H e a d w e a r ________ ._ . . . . ._ O u terw ear------- -------------------------U n d e rw e a r_________________ ______ F o o tw ea r________________ . . . . . M iscella n eo u s ite m s. _________ T o ta l_______________ __ . . . - - E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $400 to $400 $600 $600 an d over P ercen t U n d er $400 to $400 $600 P ercen t P ercen t $600 an d ov er P ercen t 91.10 100.0 100.0 100.0 5 .8 46.3 11.6 26.4 9 .9 100.0 2. 48 22. 61 5.90 21.60 4.10 56.69 2.98 32.86 7.89 22.29 5.41 4 .2 40 .7 10.0 38.7 6 .4 4 .1 40 .2 9 .4 40.9 5.4 4 .4 39.9 10.4 38.1 7 .2 4 .2 46 .0 11.0 31 .2 7.6 71.43 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .4 7 6. 33 1.98 8. 30 .8 2 17.90 .8 6 14.39 3. 61 13. 62 2.03 34. 51 1.18 20. 96 5.50 15. 65 3. 82 47.11 2 .6 39.7 10.9 41.1 5.7 100.0 2 .6 35.4 11.1 46.3 4 .6 100.0 2 .5 41 .7 10.5 39 .4 5 .9 2 .5 44 .5 11.7 33 .2 8 .1 100.0 100.0 .23 4. 58 1.42 5. 50 .41 12.14 .41 7. 77 2. 81 7. 76 1.04 19.79 .7 2 15. 03 4.44 10.04 1.97 32.20 2 .0 40.0 13.0 40.3 4 .7 100.0 1.9 37.7 11.7 45.3 3 .4 100.0 2.1 39.2 14.2 39.2 5.3 100.0 2 .2 46 .7 13.8 31 .2 6 .1 100.0 $2.08 15. 78 4. 36 11.83 2. 31 36. 36 $3.18 23. 66 6.90 17. 54 4. 55 55. 83 1. 32 12.84 2. 99 13. 07 1.71 31.93 .67 10. 31 2. 82 10. 68 1.49 25. 97 .34 6. 67 2.17 6. 71 .78 16. 67 $5. 29 42.12 10. 61 24. 06 9.02 A ll fa m i lies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— 5 .7 44.3 12.0 29.5 8 .5 5 .7 43.4 12.0 32.5 6.4 5.7 42.4 12.4 31.4 8 .1 Occupational differences in clothing expenditures. An analysis of the relative effect of occupation and social environ ment on clothing expenditures has been made for all white persons studied in the 8 East North Central cities and 34 other cities combined. The total clothing expenditures of men and women engaged in clerical work were contrasted with the expenditures of those in manual work and those at home without gainful employment, and of boys and girls at school, after elimination of any effect upon those differences which might be due to differing incomes or family composition. (See appendix G, pp. 433 to 436.) Among the employed workers under 21, for both men and women, differences between average expenditures for clothing by wage earners and by clerical workers were negligible. Among older men and 64 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION women, however, the expenditures of clerical workers were consistently greater than those of wage earners with similar incomes. The differ ences varied for men from 7 percent in the group aged 21 to 24 years to 15 percent in the group aged 27 to 30. The greater expenditure by clerical workers than wage earners for clothing was less pronounced for women than for men up to the twenty-seventh year, but there after was much more pronounced for women, reaching a maximum difference of 44 percent in the age group 42 to 48. Average clothing expenditures of men and women at home without gainful employment were substantially lower than those of employed individuals. Among the men, expenditures of clerical workers ex ceeded those of men at home by 38 percent or more for the groups aged 15 to 21, and by 100 percent or more for the groups aged 21 to 60. For women, the comparable figures are somewhat less striking, 15 percent for the group aged 15 to 18, and from 52 to 78 percent for the groups from 18 to 60 years of age. The fact that it is more custom ary for adult women to be at home without gainful employment than for adult men, whereas most of the men found in this situation were involuntarily at home because of unemployment, probably explains this very low level of clothing expenditure for unemployed men at home. Clothing expenditures for boys aged 15 to 21 at school were onefifth to one-fourth greater than those of unemployed boys at home of the same age, but were in turn exceeded by 13 percent or more by clothing expenditures of clerical workers in the same sex-age group. Girls at school aged 15 to 18 spent 7 percent more than girls at home, but girl clerical workers of that age spent 7 percent more than the school girls. At the next age level, 18 to 21, girl clerical workers spent 25 percent more than school girls, who in turn spent 22 percent more than girls at home. At every age level, in comparable occupational categories, the women spent more for clothing than did men, the average expendi ture for women clerical workers aged 24 to 27 being 45 percent greater than that for men clerical workers of the same age, and the difference in the age group 36 to 42 for the same occupations being 57 percent. Women wage earners aged 24 to 27 spent 46 percent more for clothing than men wage earners of the same age, and in the age group 36 to 42 the difference was 23 percent. The relationships discussed in the foregoing paragraphs may be seen graphically in the ensuing charts, figure A.14 u T h e d a ta on w h ich th ese ch arts are b a sed are sh o w n in a p p en d ix G , tab le D , p . 433. 65 EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS ESTIMATED ANNUAL CLOTHING EXPENDITURES BY PERSONS OF DIFFERENT AGE, SEX, AND OCCUPATION 42 CITIES COMBINED 1.00 ■ $56.68 0 2 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 36 42 48 AGE AGE •AFTER ELIMINATING THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENCES IN FAMILY SIZE AND INCOME. BASED ON DATA FROM WHITE FAMILIES. U. S. BUREAU OF LA80B- STATISTICS 54 60 66 66 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION Transport at i on The average animal cost of transportation by trolley, bus, automo bile, train, boat, or other means of conveyance for all families in the cities studied ranged from $131 in Cincinnati to $178 in Indianapolis. Expenditures of all sorts for automobiles accounted for $83 of the total in Cincinnati, $149 in Indianapolis, and from 72 to 93 percent of the total in the remaining cities. Of the balance going to all means of transportation other than automobile, the largest portion, except in Lansing, went to trolley fares, used principally for carrying earners to work and children to school. The proportion of families using the Fig. 10. PROPORTION OF FAMILIES OF WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS OWNING AUTOMOBILES AT SUCCESSIVE ECONOMIC LEVELS GRAND RAPIDS, 1934-1935 ECONOMIC LEVELS (am ount sp e n t p e r EXPEN DITU RE U N IT ) 100 ALL FAMILIES UNDER $300 $300uhp?r$400 $400 UNDER$500 $500 ono6r$700 $700 OVER U .S . BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTIC S trolleys was greatest in Cleveland, where 93 percent reported expendi tures for this item, and least in Grand Rapids, where 51 percent of the families reported no trolley expense. There are no trolleys in Lansing, but 54 percent of Lansing families made expenditures for local bus fares. Average expenditure for all forms of transportation other than by automobile and trolley, including local bus, taxi, bicycle, railroad, interurban bus, boat, or airplane was relatively small. In all cities studied in this region, expenditures for transportation showed a sharp increase at the higher economic levels as compared with the lower, more than doubling in each city. The chief factor in this was the automobile, since the average expenditures for all other 67 EXPENDITURES EOR SPECIFIED GOODS forms of transportation were approximately the same at all economic levels. The sharp increase in expenditures for automobile maintenance and operation at higher economic levels is indicated in table 22. Not only did the percentage of families owning automobiles rise markedly, but the amount spent for operation and maintenance also showed a substantial increase. In all the cities but Cincinnati and Columbus, at the higher economic levels a larger proportion of funds spent for automobile operation and maintenance went for garage rent and park ing fees, repairs, insurance, and tires and tubes. At the lower levels, a somewhat smaller proportion of the funds devoted to operation and maintenance was spent for items other than gasoline, oil, and garage, suggesting that these families made at least part of the repairs on their automobiles themselves. The proportion of families purchasing automobiles within the schedule year (table 13 of Tabular Summary) was naturally much smaller than the proportion owning cars. Six percent or less pur chased new cars during the schedule year, while second-hand cars were bought by 20 percent in Indianapolis, and, except in Cincinnati where the percentage was only 6, the remaining cities showed from 8 to 13 percent of families buying second-hand cars. T able 2 2 . — Expenditures for automobile operation and maintenance for automobile owners, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36 [W h ite fam ilies o f w a g e earners an d clerical w orkers] Ite m A ll fam ilies E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l u n it ex p en d itu re of— U n d er $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over C in c in n a ti N u m b e r of fam ilies in s u r v e y ____ ____________ P ercen tage of fam ilies o w n in g a u to m o b ile s____________ E x p en d itu re for a u to m o b ile m a in ten a n ce an d operation: A verage am o u n t per fa m ily o w n in g a u to m o b ile ____ P ercen ta ge for— G asolin e an d o il______ - _________________ __ _ G arage ren t a n d p a r k in g .__ _______ ___________ O th er________ _______ __ . ------------------------------- 352 37.2 $127 63.9 9 .5 26.6 103 29.1 $91 63.7 13.1 23.2 143 31.5 $119 63.9 9.3 26.8 106 52.8 $151 64.1 8 .4 27.5 490 60.8 $126 66.6 4 .5 28.9 117 39.3 $91 67 .0 2.6 30.4 189 58.7 $111 69 .0 4 .7 26.3 184 76.6 $149 65 .0 4 .8 30 .2 266 64.3 $103 70.2 2 .2 27,6 103 52.4 $84 67.7 2.3 30.0 95 72.6 $113 71.1 1.8 27.1 68 70.6 $110 71.3 2.5 26.2 C le v e la n d N u m b e r o f fam ilies in su r v e y ____________________________ P ercen ta ge o f fam ilies o w n in g a u to m o b ile s_______ ______ E x p en d itu r e for a u to m o b ile m a in ten a n ce an d op eration: A verage am o u n t per fa m ily o w n in g a u to m o b ile____ P ercen ta ge for— G asolin e an d o il________________ _______ ___________ G arage ren t an d p a rk in g __________________________ O th er_______________________________________________ C o lu m b u s N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y -------- -------------- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ P ercen ta ge of fam ilies o w n in g a u to m o b ile s. _______ . . E x p en d itu re for a u to m o b ile m a in ten a n ce an d operation: A verage a m o u n t per fa m ily o w n in g a u to m o b ile____ P ercen ta ge for— G asolin e an d oil ------- ------------------------- - - - -G arage ren t an d p a rk in g -------- . ----------------------O th er-------------- ------------------- ----------- --------------- - - - 68 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 22. — E x p en d itu res f o r autom obile op era tion a nd m a in ten a n ce f or a utom obile o w n ers , at successive econom ic levels , 1 yea r d u rin g the p eriod 1 9 3 4 - 3 6 —Continued [W h ite fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] Ite m A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F am ilies w ith a n n u a l u n it e x p en d itu re of— U n d er $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over D etro it N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y _______ _____________ __ P ercen ta ge of fam ilies o w n in g a u to m o b iles _ _ _ __ E x p en d itu r e for a u to m o b ile m a in ten a n ce an d op eration: A verage a m o u n t per fa m ily o w n in g a u to m o b ile ____ P ercen ta ge for— G asolin e an d o il________________________ ________ G arage ren t an d p a rk in g ________________ __. _ O th er______ ___________ _ __ __ _ -------------- 598 68.7 $120 67.9 1.9 30.2 176 55.1 $82 194 75.3 $115 59.9 2 .7 37.4 222 73.0 $116 68.1 2.4 29.5 200 76.0 $149 66.0 1.9 32.1 86 67.4 $96 61.2 3 .0 35.8 74 79. 7 $121 34 85.3 $142 60.4 2.6 37.0 57.7 2.3 40.0 203 61.6 $126 64.9 1.8 33.3 75 49.3 $88 68.6 1.3 30.1 70 60.0 $111 68.5 .8 30.7 58 79.3 $171 61.3 2 .6 36.1 145 69.7 $109 61.0 1.6 37.4 58 55.2 $83 66.5 0 33.5 48 77.1 $103 58.2 2.8 39.0 39 82.1 $142 60.1 1.5 38 .4 446 49.6 $111 58.1 8 .6 33.3 121 36.4 $83 63.8 5.1 31.1 182 47.3 $97 61.1 7.2 31.7 143 63.6 $138 54.3 10.6 35.1 72.5 .8 26.7 G ra n d R a p id s N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ____ ____________ __________ P ercen ta ge of fam ilies o w n in g a u to m o b ile s- ___ _______ E x p en d itu re for a u to m o b ile m a in ten a n ce an d op eration: A verage a m o u n t per fa m ily o w n in g a u to m o b ile____ P ercen ta ge for— G asolin e an d o il---------------------------_ _ __ G arage ren t an d p a rk in g -------------------------------------O th er_______________________________________________ In d ia n a p o lis N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ____________________ __ ___ P ercen ta ge of fam ilies o w n in g a u to m o b ile s. _ _ _ _ _ _ E x p en d itu re for au to m o b ile m a in ten a n ce a n d op eration: A verage a m o u n t per fa m ily o w n in g a u to m o b ile ____ P ercen ta ge for— G asolin e an d o il---------------------------------- --------- -_ G arage ren t an d p ark in g_______ ____________ ___ O th e r .________ __________ _______ _______________ __ L a n sin g N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ___________ ___________ ___ P ercen ta ge of fam ilies o w n in g a u to m o b iles _______ _ _ _ E x p en d itu r e for au to m o b ile m a in ten a n ce an d op eration: A verage a m o u n t per fa m ily o w n in g a u to m o b ile____ P ercen ta ge for— G asolin e an d oil__. -------------- ----------------------------G arage ren t an d p a rk in g -------------------- _ ___ __ _ O th er_______________________________________________ M ilw a u k e e N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ------- ----------------------------------P ercen ta ge of fam ilies o w n in g a u to m o b ile s. _______ ___ E x p en d itu re for au to m o b ile m a in ten a n ce an d op eration: A verage a m o u n t per fa m ily o w n in g a u to m o b ile____ P ercen ta ge for— G asolin e a n d o il__________ ________ ______________ G arage ren t an d p a rk in g _________________________ O th er______ _________________________________________ Expenditures for automobile purchase, new and second-hand, averaged $290 per car in Grand Rapids and $405 in Cincinnati. Such expenditures for the remaining six cities averaged about $300. These averages are computed by dividing the aggregate amount spent for automobiles by the number of families purchasing them. The figures include amounts still due on automobiles purchased during the schedule year, but payments on those purchased in previous years are not treated as automobile expense in this report, but as reduction of outstanding liabilities, (See appendix A, p. 380.) 69 EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS Recreation The largest proportion of total expenditures for items classified under the general heading of recreation in each of these eight cities went to tobacco, principally in the form of cigarettes, the amounts per family averaging $20 in Grand Rapids and $32 in Cincinnati. (See the Tabular Summary, table 15.) The second largest item of recreation expenditure in all cities was movies, and the third was newspapers delivered at home, except in Lansing, where newspaper expenditures exceeded those for movies. Outlays for all types of reading matter combined equaled or exceeded total expenditures for movies in each city except Cincinnati; they were confined almost exclusively to news papers and magazines, with a very small amount going for purchase or rental of books. The proportion of white families reporting any expenditure for books other than school books varied from 2.2 per cent in Milwaukee to 10 percent in Detroit and Grand Rapids. The proportion purchasing magazines was larger, varying from 37.2 per cent in Cincinnati to 66.5 percent in Grand Rapids. Recreational equipment of various sorts, such as cameras and films, athletic supplies, and radios and other musical instruments, accounts for average expen ditures of $13 in five cities, $16 in Grand Rapids, $17 in Cleveland, and $19 in Detroit. T able 23.— Radio ownership and purchase, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36 [W h ite fam ilies of w ag e earners and clerical w orkers in 8 cities com bined] Item A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $400 $400 to $600 N u m b e r of fam ilies in s u r v e y ___ __ _ ___ __________ P ercen ta ge of fam ilies: O w n in g r a d i o s _ ____________ _ _ ___________ ___ _ P u rch a sin g radios _ ___ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ._ A verage a m o u n t p a id for radio per fa m ily p u r c h a sin g -_ 2, 694 74.3 12.6 $52 839 68.6 11.8 $41 1,023 74.5 10.2 $55 $600 and over 832 79.7 16.5 $58 Total amounts spent per family for recreation increased about two fold from low to high economic levels in all cities. The items which showed relatively greatest increases were radio purchase (table 23), tobacco, and movies, which in several cities were at least 50 percent greater at the higher economic levels than at the lower. Expenditures for reading matter as a whole increased moderately from low to high levels, but those for magazines more than doubled in most cities. Personal Care Expenditures for personal care, which accounted for about 2 percent of total expenditures at each economic level in all eight cities, include 70 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION outlays for such services as haircuts, shaves, shampoos, and mani cures, and for toilet articles and preparations such as brushes and cosmetics. These expenditures increased about 1% times from the lowest to the highest plane of living, and were about equally divided at each level between personal care services and toilet articles and preparations. Of each dollar spent for personal care services, haircuts, the most frequently purchased item, accounted for about 60 to 70 cents, and permanent waves, the next item, took between 13 and 17 cents. While expenditures for these items remained relatively constant from economic level to economic level, the amount spent for shaves by barbers and for shampoos increased manyfold from the lowest to the highest plane. Not only do as large a proportion of the families at the lowest economic level as at the highest report expenditures for toilet soap, tooth powder, tooth paste, brushes, and other toilet articles, but also the average expenditure per family for such articles remains about the same. In contrast to this consistency, the expenditures per family for cosmetics and toilet preparations almost double from the lowest to the highest economic level. In connection with these relatively constant expenditures per family, it is to be recalled that families at the higher economic levels are smaller than those at the lower levels. Average expenditure for personal care per person more than doubled from low to high economic levels. Medical Care A consistent increase in the amount spent for medical care per family from the lowest to the highest economic levels occurred in each of the eight cities in the East North Central region. (See table 24.) This tendency, combined with the decreasing size of family with rise in economic level, yields considerably more adequate care for the health of each person in the family at the upper planes. The actual average expenditure per person for medical care more than trebles in one-half of the cities from the lowest to the highest economic level, and more than doubles in the other half, where the figure is $35 or less for families spending $600 and over per expenditure unit. Even this figure, however, compares unfavorably with the $76 esti mated by Samuel Bradbury and accepted by the Technical Committee on Medical Care as needed to provide the fundamentals of good medi cal care on a fee-for-service basis.15 is S a m u el B rad b u ry , C ost of A d e q u a te M ed ica l C are, p p . 52-53. C h icago, U n iv e r sity of C h icago P ress, 1937. A lso In terd ep a rtm en ta l C o m m itte e to C oo rd in ate H e a lth an d W elfare A c tiv itie s, T e c h n ic a l C om m itte e on M ed ica l Care, “ T o w a rd B e tte r N a tio n a l H e a lth ,” p . 25. W a sh in g to n , 1939. E X P E N D IT U R E S T able 2 4 . FOR SPECIFIED 71 GOODS — Expenditures for medical care, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-86 [W h ite fa m ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] C ity an d eco n o m ic lev el C in c in n a ti A verage N u m b e r of n u m b er of fam ilies p erson s per fa m ily A verage ex p e n d i tu re for m ed ica l care per p erson A verage ex p en d i tu re for m ed ical care per fa m ily A ll fa m ilies____ _____ _ ___________________ _ F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al u n it ex p en d itu re of— U n d er $300________________ _ _ ____ _ __ __ $300 to $400____________________ _ _ ______ $400 to $500______________________________________________ $500 to $600______________________________________________ $600 to $700______________________________________________ $700 an d o v er________ _____________________________ _ 352 31 72 88 55 42 64 3. 37 5. 44 4.0 0 3. 29 2. 94 2. 82 2.50 $15 6 10 13 21 19 29 $52 32 41 44 63 53 73 A ll fa m ilie s___ ______________________ _ ____________ __ __ F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $300____________________________________ _______ $300 to $400__________________________________ ___________ $400 to $500______________________________________________ $500 to $600______________________________________________ $600 to $700______________________________________________ $700 to $800______________________________________________ $800 an d o v e r ____________ ________ ___ _____________ C le v e la n d 490 35 82 106 83 66 44 74 3. 46 5.50 4. 50 3. 74 3. 21 2. 79 2. 70 2.29 19 5 13 18 21 26 28 38 67 27 59 66 66 74 77 87 A ll fa m ilie s__________________________________________________ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it e x p en d itu re of— U n d er $300__________________________ ________________ $300 to $400______________________________________________ $400 to $600______________________________________________ $600 an d o v er____________________________ ____________ C o lu m b u s 266 48 55 95 68 3. 33 4. 82 3. 72 3. 03 2. 33 16 6 10 19 30 52 31 37 57 71 A ll fa m ilie s__________________________________________ ___ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d e r $300______________________________________________ $300 to $400______________________________________________ $400 to $500______________________________________________ $500 to $600______________________________________________ $600 to $700______________________________________________ $700 an d ov er_______________ ______________________ . D etro it 598 75 101 122 100 76 124 3. 66 5. 79 4. 69 3. 72 3.17 2. 86 2. 37 18 7 9 16 23 34 36 66 39 42 60 72 97 84 A ll fa m ilie s_______________________ ______ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it ex p en d itu re of— U n d er $400______________________________________________ $400 to $600______________________________________________ $600 an d o v e r ____ _____ _______ _____________ _ _______ G ra n d R a p id s 194 86 74 34 3. 52 4. 42 3. 05 2. 29 15 7 21 30 51 33 65 68 A ll fa m ilie s--------------------------------------------------------------------------F a m ilie s w th a n n u a l u n it e x p en d itu re of— U n d e r $400______________________________________________ $400 to $600______________________________________________ $600 an d o v er____________ ______ ______ _________________ In d ia n a p o lis 203 75 70 58 3. 42 4. 26 3. 35 2. 43 14 9 16 24 49 37 54 59 A ll fa m ilies_________________________________________________ F a m ilies w ith an n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $400______________________________________________ $400 to $600— ___________________________________________ $600 an d o v er___________________________________ _____ L a n sin g 145 58 48 39 3. 37 4. 33 3.00 2. 39 16 11 20 26 55 46 60 61 M ilw a u k e e 446 42 79 116 66 56 87 3. 54 5. 72 4.71 3. 52 3. 23 2.58 2. 32 18 6 12 16 21 24 40 64 34 57 55 68 63 94 A ll fa m ilie s----------------------------------------------------------------------F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al u n it ex p en d itu re of— U n d e r $300______________________________________________ $300 to $400______________________________________________ $400 to $500______________________________________________ $500 to $600______________________________________________ $600 to $700______________________________________________ $700 an d o v er________ _______________________________ 53485°— 40- -6 72 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION Medicine and drugs were purchased by a larger proportion of fam ilies than any other form of medical care at all planes of living. In general, at the lowest economic level the largest proportion of expenditure for medical services per family was devoted to payment of general practitioners and to dental care. These services were used with the same relative frequency. While at the highest economic level more families reported expenditures for dentists than for any other type of service, the average outlay per family decreased in importance, being preceded by amounts spent for specialists, as well as for the general practitioner. The services of general practitioners were used by about the same proportion of families at the lowest as at the highest economic levels, but the average expenditures per family for these services tended to increase. The families studied were usually more likely to go to the offices of general practitioners for medical assistance than to call these doctors to their homes, and the average expenditure per family was slightly larger for the former type of service. Both the proportion of families using, and the average expenditure per family for specialists increased with rise in economic level. At every economic level in each city, the proportion of families re porting payment for the use of clinic services is amazingly small, par ticularly in view of the fact that it is usual for clinics always to make some very small charge, even to very poor families. The proportion reporting such expenditure ranged from about 1 in 18 families in Detroit to about 1 in 89 in Columbus. No families reported use of clinic services in Indianapolis. The amount spent per family for this purpose seems not to be a function of economic level, since there is no discernible tendency of either increase or decrease in amount with improvement in living plane. No figures were secured on the amount of medical care received by these families without any money payment. With the exception of Lansing, there is a distinct increase in the expenditure per family for accident and health insurance with rise in economic level. For all families studied, the average expenditure per family varied between $2.50 in Cincinnati and $5.80 in Lansing. Formal Education If the investigation had been extended to cover all the goods and services received without direct expense by the groups studied, a large section of the schedule would have been devoted to the amount and kinds of education provided by the city and by other agencies for children and adults. Elementary school, high school, trade school, classes in museums and libraries and in parks, free of immediate cost to those who take advantage of them, are to a greater or less degree a regular part of the life of all the eight cities covered by this report. They are, of course, paid for by the citizens, but no figures have been EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS 73 secured in the present study on the use of these educational facilities by the group covered, or the indirect cost to this group of the city’s educational system. Direct expenditures for formal education, i. e., for textbooks, school supplies, or tuition, occupy but an insignificant place in the expendi ture pattern of the families studied, accounting for less than 1 percent of total expenditures in every group. A function of the number of persons of school age in the various families, these expenditures show no positive correlation with eco nomic level. In every city, the bulk of them, which varied between averages of $5 and $9, were for members living at home. They in cluded all such items as books, pencils, paper, and supplies paid for by the families. The number of families reporting expenditures for members in school away from home was four or less in all cities except Milwaukee, where seven reported them. Vocation Expenditures for union dues or fees, professional association dues or fees, technical literature, and similar items have been classified as “ vocational expense.” In general, they increase sharply from the lowest to the highest economic level, but the small numbers of cases upon which the averages are based result in some irregularities in movement. Of such expenditures, the largest part went for union dues and fees, which averaged $5 or less except in Cincinnati, M il waukee, and Cleveland; they tended to increase from the lowest to the highest economic level in all cities except Lansing and Milwaukee. The number of families making expenditure for professional dues or fees ranged from 1 in Indianapolis to 10 in Detroit. Gifts and Contributions to Individuals and to Community Welfare Agencies, and Direct Taxes When the average amounts given directly to individuals are con trasted with contributions to community chests and other welfare agencies, the families’ close contact with individuals in need is em phasized, as well as the generosity of their response (see table 25). For each of the eight cities except Grand Rapids, the amounts con tributed to religious organizations and community chests, and paid in personal taxes, are uniformly less than are gifts and contributions to the support of relatives and other persons outside the economic family. The latter expenditures are not only greater, on the average, but increase much more rapidly from the lowest to the highest economic level. The amount spent per family in gifts and contributions to individu als varied from an average of $20 in Milwaukee to $30 in Cleveland, 74 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION as compared with $18 for contributions to welfare agencies and taxes in each of these two cities. In all cities, gifts to religious organizations constituted the bulk of the outlay for community welfare. The proportion of families making such contributions remained relatively constant from eco nomic level to economic level, while the average actual contribution tended to increase slightly. Amounts paid in direct poll, income, and personal property taxes were negligible, ranging from zero in Columbus to $8.50 in Indian apolis. These variations are due in part to differences in the laws of the various states at the time covered by the investigations. Taxes on real estate and sales taxes are not included in these averages. Although separate figures were obtained for taxes on real estate, they were entered with expenditures for housing. It was impossible to secure complete figures on amounts paid in sales tax, and in conse quence they have been combined with expenditures for the items on which they were paid. Christmas and birthday gifts constitute the major proportion of all expenditures for contributions to persons outside the economic family at the lowest plane of living, but are about equal in size to contribu tions for support of relatives at the highest. Miscellaneous Items In general, expenditures for all miscellaneous items increase rapidly from the lowest to the highest economic levels, but due to the small numbers of families reporting on the individual items, great irregu larities appear. Expenditures for funerals were reported by no families in Lansing, and by a maximum number of 13 in Cleveland. Legal costs and gardens were the other outstanding items in this group of expenditures, averaging usually less than a dollar per family, and moving in no distinct direction with rise in economic level. T able 25.— Percentage of total expenditures for community welfare and gifts and contributions going to various items, 1 year during the period 1934-36 [White families of wage earners and clerical workers] Item Number of families in survey. Total expenditures for com munity welfare and gifts and contributions __ Percentage of expenditures for community welfare and gifts and contributions. Religious organizations.. Community chest. ___ Taxes 1______ _ __ Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts... ______ Support of relatives___ Support of other persons. Cincin nati Cleve land 352 490 266 598 194 203 145 446 $41 $48 $37 $41 $46 $50 $40 $38 100.0 38.9 5.2 .4 100.0 27.8 9.1 .1 100.0 25.2 9.5 0 100.0 32.0 4.9 .1 100.0 45.3 5.1 .2 100.0 25.9 5.0 17.3 100.0 25.9 5.6 .4 100.0 39.4 6.4 1.0 36.3 18.0 1.2 35.9 24.7 2.4 33.3 28.1 3.9 35.2 25.6 2.2 23.4 25.6 .4 23.0 27.9 .9 33.9 33.9 .3 40.3 12.0 .9 Colum Detroit Grand Indian Lansing Mil bus Rapids apolis waukee 1Included only poll, income, and personal-property tax. C h ap ter 3 A G en eratio n o f C hanging L iv in g Standards Distribution of Current Expenditures in 1934-36 as Compared W ith Those in 1917-18 A comparison of the percentage distribution of expenditures by families studied in 1917-18 1 with that by comparable families sur veyed in 1934-36 in cities in the East North Central region, sheds much light on changes in the consumption situation which have taken place between these two periods. The cities in the East North Central region which were studied both in 1917-18 and in 1934-36 are Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Detroit, Grand Rapids, Indian apolis, and Milwaukee. However, to make comparisons of the expenditures of the two groups of families it is first necessary to con vert the dollar figures of the 1917-18 study to values which are com parable to the price levels which prevailed in 1934-36. Cost of living indexes needed for this conversion are available only for Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, and Indianapolis. In the tabular summary, tables 21, 22, and 23 present income and expenditure data for all seven cities for families studied in 1934-36 of the same composition as those included in the 1917-18 study. The following discussion is, however, limited to the four cities for which the indexes are available. The percentage changes which have taken place in the costs of goods from 1917-18 to 1934-36 for these four cities are given in table 26. Costs of food, housefurnishing goods, and clothing decreased for all of the cities, while those for fuel and light and miscellaneous items increased. To secure goods which cost $1,500 at the time covered by the 1917-18 survey, it would have been necessary to spend at the time covered by the second survey $1,299 in Detroit, where the greatest difference in price level appears, but $1,498 in Cleveland, where the least difference is shown. Comparing the families with incomes from $1,200 to $1,500 in the 1917-18 study with the comparable families studied in 1934-36,2 one of the most striking facts is the general increase in the level of ex penditure. From table 27, this is more apparent, for when the figures 1 Data for this study are published by the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statis tics, Bull. No. 357: Cost of Living in the United States, 1924. 21. e., all families including husband, wife, and at least one child under 16 years, with or without other persons. (See p. 389.) 75 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 76 on average expenditures by the wage earners and clerical workers in the four cities had been converted to the purchasing power prevailing during the period of the present investigation, the increase in the total expenditures ranged from $98 in Cleveland to $289 in Indianapolis. The percentage increase in this real level of expenditure was 7.3 in Cleveland, 13.5 in Cincinnati, 22.3 in Detroit, and 25.5 in Indianapolis (see table 27). T a ble 26 . — P e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e in the cost o f g o o d s 'p u rch a sed b y w a g e e a r n e r s a n d cler ic a l w o rk ers f r o m the ti m e o f the 1 9 1 7 - 1 8 s u r v e y to the t im e o f the 1 9 3 4 - 3 6 su rvey 1 [White families] Food City -18.3 -21.9 -27.8 -25.9 Cincinnati_ __ _ _ __ Cleveland___ - ___ - _____ -__ _ __ Detroit ____- ___ Indianapolis __ _ ___ - _ Clothing -28.6 -15. 7 -18.4 -29.7 Rent +7.2 -9.0 -31.0 -18.4 House Fuel and furnishing light goods +40.4 +79.0 +9.9 +15.1 Miscel laneous —7. 2 —4.0 —11 8 -11.0 +33.2 +42.2 +27.9 +26.0 1The schedules taken in Cincinnati, Cleveland, and Detroit cover the year ending Oct. 31, 1918; in Indianapolis, the year ending Dec. 31,1918. T able 27. — D i ff e r e n c e s i n i n c o m e s a n d c u r r e n t e x p e n d i t u r e s 1 b e tw e en s t u d ie d i n 1 9 1 7 - 1 8 a n d 1 9 3 4 - 3 6 , in 4 c itie s th e g r o u p s [Wage earners and clerical workers with annual net incomes of $1,200 to $1,500, white families] C ity CincinnatiCleveland. _ Detroit __ __ Indianapolis ______ __ ________ ____ __ _ _ __________ _ _______ __ _ _ _ __ _____ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __ _____ __ __ __ ___ _ _ __ ______ ______ _ _ _____ ____ __ ________ _________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ________ __ Incomes Expendi tures Percent Percent +7.1 -1.7 +13.1 + 9 .9 +13.5 +7.3 +22.3 +25.5 1Both in terms of 1934-36 price level. These increases are not a result entirely of increases in real incomes. The real incomes of the groups studied in 1934-36 were 7.1 percent higher in Cincinnati, 1.7 percent lower in Cleveland, 13.1 percent higher in Detroit, and 9.9 percent higher in Indianapolis (see table 27). In Cleveland, Detroit, and Indianapolis the balance of the additional current expenditure was financed by drawing upon funds other than current income. In contrast with the situation found in 1934-36, where about $69 of average family expenditure in Cleveland, $44 in Detroit, and $78 in Indianapolis came from sources other than their current income, the group of families studied in 1917-18 had current expenditures averaging from $28 to $92 less than current incomes for those three cities. In Cincinnati, the balance of additional current expenditure was made possible by diverting a smaller proportion of current income to savings and investments than did the families studied in 1917-18. While the current expenditures of the group of families studied in 1917-18 in Cincinnati were about $70 less than 77 A GENERATION OF CHANGING LIVING STANDARDS their incomes, comparable families in 1934-36 reported average sav ings of only $4.3 T able 28.— D i s t r i b u t i o n o f cu r r e n t f a m i l y e x p e n d i t u r e s in 1 9 1 7 - 1 8 a n d 1 9 3 4 - 8 6 1 [White families of wage earners and clerical workers with annual net incomes of $1,200 to $1,500] Cincinnati Families studiedin1917-181 Number. __ _ _ ______ ___ _ 86 Expenditures in 1917-18 dollars:2 Total.. __ ____ ... __ _ _ $1,241 Food. . . . ___ ... 504 Clothing__________ ___ 196 221 Housing, fuel, and light -----66 Furniture and furnishings____ 254 Miscellaneous.. Expenditures in terms of 1934-36 dollars:3 Total__ ___ ____ ._ ... __ 1,205 Food... _ ... . . . ----- -_. 412 140 Clothing___ ___________ .. 253 Housing, fuel, and light_____ 61 Furniture and furnishings____ Miscellaneous.. ------ ... . 339 Percent Cleveland 89 Percent Detroit 78 100.0 $1,339 502 40.6 15.8 201 292 17.8 5.3 67 20.5 277 100.0 $1, 333 37.5 484 216 15.0 317 21.8 79 5.0 20.7 237 100.0 34.2 11.6 21.0 5.1 28.1 100.0 29.3 12.7 23.8 4.8 29.4 1,337 392 170 318 64 393 1,154 349 177 257 69 302 Percent Indianapolis 45 Percent 100.0 $1,272 36.3 487 16.2 190 23.8 248 5.9 71 17.8 276 100.0 38.3 14.9 19.5 5.6 21.7 100.0 30.2 15.3 22.3 6.0 26.2 100.0 31.8 11.8 20.2 5.5 30.7 1,134 361 134 229 62 348 Families studied in 1934-36, types comparabletothosestudiedin1917-18 Number .. __ __ _ _ 40 Expenditures in 1934-36 dollars:4 Total___________________ $1,368 Food. ___ ... ______ ___ 505 137 Clothing----------------------319 Housing, fuel, and light 5_ -----Furniture and furnishings. __ _ 67 Miscellaneous_____________ 340 73 105 27 100.0 $1,435 36.9 509 146 10.0 23.4 343 4.9 67 370 24.8 100.0 $1,411 35.4 499 10.2 149 342 23.8 69 4.7 25.9 352 100.0 $1,423 35.4 469 10.6 143 24.2 305 4.9 69 24.9 437 100.0 33.0 10.1 21.4 4.9 30.6 1The data from the 1917-18 investigation in each of the cities are for the year ending Oct. 31, 1918, in Cincinnati, Oct. 31, 1918, in Cleveland, Oct. 31, 1918, in Detroit, and Dec. 31, 1918, in Indianapolis. 2Data for 1917-18 based on figures published in Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Bull. No. 357, pp. 19, 20, 25, 35. 3Data in terms of 1934-36 dollars were computed from original figures by means of percentage changes in the cost of food, clothing, rent, fuel and light, furniture and furnishings, and miscellaneous items from the year of the earlier studies in each of the four cities. * For detailed distribution of expenditures, see tabular summary, table 23. 5Includes refrigeration. An analysis of the figures secured from the groups studied in Cin cinnati in the two periods will illustrate the type of changes in family living which have occurred in the interval between the investigations. The group in the income band $1,200 to $1,500 studied in 1917-18 spent on the average $1,241 for current living. Of this, $504 (40.6 percent) was spent for food. Because of the decline in food prices, the same kinds and quantities of food could have been purchased for $412 at the time of the second investigation, but food habits had changed to such an extent that the group studied in 1934-36 actually spent on the average $93 more than this for food, $505 or 36.9 percent of their total current expenditures. Clothing prices also declined, so that the aver age clothing expenditures of the Cincinnati group in the income band $1,200 to $1,500 studied in 1934-36 were not only $59 less than those of the group studied there in 1917-18, but $3 less than the calculated 3These deficits, i. e., expenditures from sources other than current income in three cities and savings in Cincinnati, were calculated in 1934-36 from the families’ own statements of the net changes in their assets and liabilities during the schedule year, and not by subtracting income from expenditure. See further discussion of this point on p. 375. 78 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 1934-36 cost of the clothing bought in 1917-18. While the two groups of families studied spent practically the same amount for furniture and furnishings, the same goods purchased by the families surveyed in 1917-18 for $66 could have been purchased in 1934-36 for $61. The cost of housing, fuel and light, and miscellaneous items rose in Cin cinnati in the interval between the two surveys, and the group studied in the second period is found to have spent more for housing, and fuel, light, and refrigeration combined both in dollars and percentage wise than the group studied in the earlier period. On the other hand, expenditures for miscellaneous items by the 1934-36 group met the calculated cost of the miscellaneous items purchased by the 1917-18 group within one dollar. A comparison of the cost of the 1917-18 purchases in 1934-36 dollars with the distribution of the actual purchases in 1934-36 shows in all four cities a trend toward larger purchases of food, decreased purchases of clothing, and larger current expenditures for housing and fuel and light. There is a decline in the proportion of total expendi ture devoted to furniture and furnishings. The group covering miscellaneous items in each city in 1934-36 study claims a larger percentage of the total than appeared in the 1917-18 purchases expressed in the dollars of those years, but a smaller percentage than would have been required to buy the 1917-18 level in 1934-36 dollars. P a r t II.—N egro Fam ilies 79 C h ap ter 1 Income L ev el and M on ey D isbursem en ts Family Income 1 Schedules were obtained from 201 Negro families in Cincinnati, Ohio, and Indianapolis, Ind. These samples were chosen at the same time and in the same way as the samples for the white families in these two cities, and represent a cross section of the families of employed Negro wage earners and clerical workers there in 1935-36. These samples were not intended to be representative of the total Negro population of wage earners and clerical workers, as the study did not extend to families on relief. An estimate based on figures from the Division of Social Research of the Works Progress Adminis tration places the number of Negro families of two or more persons on relief at 12,500 in Hamilton County, where Cincinnati is located, and at 6,200 in Marion County, where Indianapolis is located, during March 1935, the month of the peak relief load in the period of the present investigation.2 A general idea of the proportion of families excluded from the study in Marion County because of this factor can be gained from a comparison of these figures with the number of Negro families of two or more persons reported by the census of 1930. The proportion on relief in the high month in Marion County is 60 percent of that total number. The number of Negro families on relief in March 1935 in Hamilton County is 81 percent of the estimated number of Negro families there in 1935. Furthermore, it will be remembered that the plan of the study pro vided that no family be included which had an income of less than $500, or in which no earner had been employed for a minimum of 36 weeks (see appendix D, p. 402). These same criteria for inclusion of Negro as for white families were followed, even though they resulted in a sample with incomes relatively higher than those of the entire Negro population, in order that comparisons might be made between the spending of comparable families of employed Negro and white workers. In the groups surveyed, family incomes ranged from $515 to $1,902 among the Cincinnati Negro families, and from $520 to $1,993 among 1Details of family income when families are classified by economic level are in the tabular summary, table 2, and when classified by income level, in the tabular summary, table 5. 2See appendix A, p. 392. 81 82 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION those in Indianapolis. The maximum income in the Cincinnati Negro group was achieved by a family having two full-time earners. The husband was a mail carrier and the homemaker a maid. The Indianapolis Negro family with the greatest income had four earners. The husband was a janitor and the three daughters were a grocery clerk, a maid, and a clerk in a doctor’s office, respectively. Family incomes among the Negro groups studied in Cincinnati and Indianapolis averaged about $1,010 and $990, respectively.3 T a b le 29.— F a m ily in co m e ,1 y e a r d u r in g th e p e r i o d 1931+—3 6 [Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers] Item Number of families in survey. __ _ _ __ __ ___ _____ _ __ _ ___ Net money income: Arithmetic mean ________ _ __ ____ ____ ______ _ First quartile___ ____ ___ __ ___ _ __ _____ ____ _ __ Median __ ____ ____ ____ __ ____ __ _ ___ _ ___ Third quartile__ ________ ____ _ __ __ _____ __ ____ Cincinnati Indianapo lis 100 101 $1,010 832 976 1,168 $990 782 960 1,123 The average income is influenced by a scattering of the higher incomes. In both cities, the mean average was slightly higher than the median, the income level that divides the families into two equal groups. Table 29 shows the average net money income, and the incomes below which one-fourth, one-half, and three-fourths of the families fell. As with white families, the chief source of family income was earnings. The highest earnings reported for any one individual were those of a Negro probation officer in Cincinnati of $1,800, and of a Negro patrolman in Indianapolis of $1,820. The importance of earnings of subsidiary earners in family income is about the same for the Negro as for the white families studied. From table 30 it is apparent that the percentage provided by earnings of the chief earner decreases with a rise in total family income, while the percentage provided by subsidiary earners increases markedly, in all the income groups covered. The average number of persons reporting employment at any time during the year (see tabular sum mary, table 2) increased consistently from low to high income levels, rising to 1.3 persons in Cincinnati for the $l,500-and-over groups and 2.4 persons in Indianapolis for the same group. 3 R. A. Fisher’smethod for the analysis of variance (discussed on pp. 226 and 227of his “Statistical methods for research workers,” sixth ed., London, 1936) was used to test whether the mean incomes obtained in the two cities differed more than could be expected if successive samples had been drawn at random from the same population. It was found that the difference between these two averages is large enough to be con sidered statistically significant. A much greater significance was found, however, in the differences between the average incomes of the white and Negro families within the two cities. 83 INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS Fig. II SOURCES OF FAMILY INCOME AMONG WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS AT SUCCESSIVE INCOME LEVELS INDIANAPOLIS, 1935-1936 NE6R0 FAMILIES IN CO M E C LA S S HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS 5 0 10 15 20 25 ALL FAMILIES $600 un8Er $900 $900 un8£*$I200 $I200 unoer$I500 $1500 and OVER I EARNINGS OF SUPPLE- Z fflL INCOME FROM MENTARY EARNERS V /A OTHER SOURCES EARNINGS OF CHIEF EARNER U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR ST A T IST IC S T able 30.— Sources of fa m ily income at successive income levels, 1 year during the period 193J+-36 [N egro fam ilies o f w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] In co m e group C in c in n a ti A ll fa m ilie s______ ___________ ___ _ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com es of— $500 to $900_________________________ $900 to $1,200_______________________ $1,200 to $1,500_____________________ $1,500 an d o v er___ ________ . . . P ercen ta ge of in com e from — A verage n u m b er of A verage in fu l N um ber a rn in gs m o n e y wgaorkers E a rn in gs Eof of fam ilies n eint com su b O ther e per of ch ief sid ia ry sources 3 fa m ily 1 earner earner 2 100 $1,010 1.23 92.6 7.0 0 .4 34 47 12 7 751 1,026 1,290 1, 664 1.12 1.26 1.42 1. 29 94.6 92.5 90.7 91.0 5.1 7 .0 8 .8 9 .0 0 .3 .5 .5 101 990 1.54 89.5 9 .5 1 .0 40 42 12 7 725 1,024 1, 309 1,748 1.33 1. 57 1. 67 2. 43 91.5 92.4 88.5 76.6 7 .0 7 .0 10.2 23.3 1 .5 .6 1.3 .1 In d ia n a p o lis A ll fa m ilie s__________________________ . F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com es of— $500 to $900_________________________ $900 to $1,200_______________________ $1,200 to $1,500_____________________ $1,500 an d ov er___ ______ _________ 1 A ga in fu l w ork er is d efin ed as a p erson h a v in g h a d so m e g a in fu l em p lo y m en t in b u sin ess or in d u str y or d o m estic service a t a n y tim e d u rin g th e year. (S om e fam ilies in clu d ed persons in d o m estic service as su b sid ia ry earners.) 2 In c lu d in g n e t earn in gs from boarders an d lodgers. 3 L ess b u sin ess losses an d exp en ses n o t d e d u c tib le from earnings of th e yea r covered b y th e sch ed u le. 84 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION Current Expenditures of Each City Group as a Whole 4 As with the white families, the most important single group for the Negro families studied was food (see Tabular Summary, tables 3 and 6, and text table 31), which required in each of the two cities more than a third of total current expenditures. The percentage spent for food in Cincinnati was very little higher than that spent by the white families with comparable incomes in this city, as well as that of the Indianapolis Negro group. In the latter city, the proportionate Negro expenditure was somewhat higher than that of comparable white families. Likewise the proportion allotted to the second largest item of expenditure in both cities (i. e., housing, including fuel, light, and refrigeration) was higher, on the average, for all Negro families than for all white families, as was also true when the same income levels of the two groups were compared. Among the Negroes, such expendi tures accounted for 26.2 cents out of every dollar spent in Cincinnati, and 25.5 cents in Indianapolis T able 31.— Expenditures for groups of items, 1 year during the period 1984—86 [N egro fa m ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] Item A verage a n n u a l current e x p e n d itu r e for all ite m s ____________ __________ ___ _ __ P ercen ta ge o f to ta l a n n u a l current ex p en d itu re for— A ll item s _ ____ ___________ ________________ _ _ _____________ _______ _ _______ ___________ _ ____ __ F o o d ____ . . __ __ __ _______ C lo th in g __ ____________ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _____ __ __ ______ H o u sin g __ _____ _____ __ _ ______________ ____ __ ______ _ ____ _ _ . F u e l, lig h t, an d refrigeration ____ ______________ __ __ _ _____ _ _ ___ O ther h o u seh o ld op eration __ __ _________ _______ ____ _______ F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t _________ _______________ __ ______ _ __ __ A u to m o b ile a n d m o to r c y c le p u r c h a se , o p er a tio n an d m a in te n a n c e - ___ O th er tr a n sp o rta tio n ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ ______ __ _______ ______ _ P er so n a lc a r e _ _____________ _ _ _ ______ _______ __ ______ __ _________ _________________ _ _ _____________ ____ - ___ M ied ica lca re R e crea tio n _____ ______ __ _ _ _ _ _____ ___ _ __ ___ E d u c a tio n ________ __ ___________________ _____ __ _______ _ _____ V o c a tio n _ _ __ _ ___________ ________ _____ __ _ ______ __________ C o m m u n ity w elfare _ _ ______ __ ______________ _ _ _ ____________________ G ifts anti co n tr ib u tio n s tn p erson s o u tsid e th e e co n o m ic fa m ily O th e r ite m s __ __ _____ ___________ _______ __ _ _ _ _____ __ _________ C in cin n a ti In d ia n ap olis $941 $988 100.0 38.1 10.1 17.4 8 .8 3.1 4. 6 1 .6 4. 0 1 .9 2.8 4 .3 100.0 36.3 10.0 14.2 11.3 3.1 4. 9 2. 7 3. 4 2. 2 3.5 4 .7 .3 .1 .5 .2 1 .2 1.1 .3 C1) 2.1 1 .2 i L e ss th a n 0.05 p ercen t. Expenditures for clothing came next in importance in disbursements, accounting for 10 percent of the total in each of the cities. The dollar figures were less than the corresponding averages for white families, but the percentages for the two color groups were very similar. Ex penditures for furnishings and equipment took fourth place among the Negro families in both cities, requiring less than 5 cents out of every dollar spent. Outlays for recreation accounted for about 4.5 percent of total expenditures. Transportation expenditures for other items than automobiles accounted for 4.0 and 3.4 percent, with auto mobile expenditures averaging about 2 percent. In Cincinnati, 4 C urrent exp en d itu res are d efined on p. 374. INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 85 personal care expenditures accounted for 1.9 percent of total expendi tures, and in Indianapolis, 2.2 percent. Expenditures for medical care, education, vocation, gifts and contributions to individuals and to the community welfare, and household operation other than for fuel, light, and refrigeration made up the balance of a total expendi ture of $988 in Cincinnati and $941 in Indianapolis. Distribution of Expenditures at Successive Income Levels5 For the Negro families both in Cincinnati and in Indianapolis, as incomes increased, the percentage spent for food and housing (includ ing fuel, light, and refrigeration) declined. Expenditures for clothing, furnishings and equipment, transportation, and gifts to persons out side the economic family, on the contrary, tend to go up with a rising income level. The increase in the expenditures for clothing is due not only to the fact that they are one of the most elastic items in the family budget, but also to the larger number of persons to be clothed at the higher income levels. The dollar expenditures for transporta tion increased threefold from the lowest income level to that of $1,500 and over in Cincinnati, and doubled in Indianapolis for the same groups. Dollar expenditures for household operation other than fuel, light, and refrigeration showed the most striking change from low to high income levels, increasing threefold in both Cincinnati and Indianapolis. For the other groups of items covered by current family expendi tures, no consistent tendency from income level to income level appears, largely because this expenditure is not solely a function of income, but is very much affected by the size and composition of the families at the various intervals. In general, the percentages spent for personal care at each income level fluctuate around the average for all families of 1.9 percent of total expenditures in Cincinnati and 2.2 in Indianapolis. Likewise those for community welfare vary irregularly about the averages for all families of 1.2 and 2.1 percent respectively. The percentage for medical care and for recreation tend to increase with income. Expenditures for vocation and education were negligible at every income level except at the highest shown in Cincinnati, where 4.3 percent of the total expenditure was devoted to education. From table 32, it is apparent that the increase from low to high incomes in total family expenditure was much greater than the increase in expenditure per unit. In fact the former more than doubled from the lowest to the highest income groups shown, while the latter in creased less than 60 percent. This is explained by the increasing size of family in terms of expenditure units at higher income levels. 8 See T a b u lar S u m m a ry , ta b le 6. 86 T HAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 32.— Average unit expenditure, at successive income levels, .! year during the able period 1 9 3 4 -3 6 [N egro fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] A verage A verage A verage A verage A verage ex p en d i of to ta l ex u n it food u n it N u m b e r fasize tu re for m ily in p e n d i clo th in g of fam ilies e x p en d i tu re per ex p en d i ex p en d i oth er ture item s per tu re u n its fa m ily tu re p erson E co n o m ic lev el A verage ex p en d i tu re for all item s per ex p en d itu re u n it C in c in n a ti A ll fa m ilie s_____ _________ ____ F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al n et in com e of— $500 to $900__________________ $900 to $1,200________________ $1,200 to $1,500______________ ___ $1,500 an d o v e r ______ 100 3.05 $988 $132 $38 $152 $324 34 47 12 7 2.71 3.14 3.30 3. 62 736 1, 021 1, 261 1, 534 124 128 136 175 28 36 55 61 119 157 194 182 272 325 382 424 101 3. 26 941 114 34 139 289 40 42 12 7 2. 76 3.24 3.97 4.98 698 974 1,255 1,588 111 114 111 124 24 34 45 46 116 150 156 147 253 301 316 319 In d ia n a p o lis A ll fa m ilie s___________ ________ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com e of— $500 to $900__________________ $900 to $1,200________________ $1,200 to $1 ,5 0 0 ._____________ $1,500 an d o v e r. ______ __ Size and composition o f family. The average number of persons per family was about the same, or slightly larger, among the Negro as among the white group in both cities. Among the Negro families it was 3.37 in Cincinnati and 3.63 in Indianapolis, which is slightly larger than the median size of family shown in the census of 1930 for all Negro families of two persons Fig. 12. SIZE OF FAMILY AMONG WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS AT SUCCESSIVE INCOME LEVELS CIN CINN ATI, 193 5-1936 NEGRO FAMILIES IN C O M E C L A S S f NUMBER OF PERSONS ^ ALL FAMILIES $600 $900 $900 uSStn $1200 $1200 UNDEN $1500 $1500 and OVER ■ r/viNFU! wORKFR* GAINFUL WORKERS U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS BBS 0p OTHER PERSONS 16 YEARS AGE AN0 0VER PERSONS UNDER 16 YEARS OF AGE INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 87 or more of 2.97 in Cincinnati and 3.0 in Indianapolis. Had the study been extended to include Negro families on relief, the average size of family included would have been larger. The average size of Negro families on relief (4.1) in the peak month during the period of the in vestigation was distinctly larger in Cincinnati than that of the fami lies scheduled in that city, and slightly larger in Indianapolis (3.7). The average number of children under 16 years old in the Negro families, as well as the average number of adults, was slightly larger than in the white families. The number of children per family tends to increase from one income level to another in both cities. The same holds for the average size of family, where the number of persons rises from 3.0 in the income groups $500 to $900 to 4.11 in the group with income above $1,500 in Cincinnati, and from 3.12 to 5.51 for the cor responding levels in Indianapolis. About one-half of the families in each city were composed of adults only; of these, slightly more than half included a husband and wife only. Order o f Expenditures at Successive Economic Levels 6 Since the incomes and the number, age, sex, and occupation of the persons dependent on the family funds of the Negro families studied varied quite as much as among the white families, the data secured from the Negro families were also analyzed by economic level.7 The tendencies noted for white families, i. e., increase in income and decrease in family size with rise in economic level, obtain for the Negro families in both cities. With a rise in economic level, there appeared in each city a striking decline in the percentage of expenditure allotted to food, and a much less extreme decrease in the percentages for housing (including fuel, light, and refrigeration). In contrast to the change noted when the families were classified according to income level, the proportion of each dollar which is spent for clothing remains almost constant with the progression from low to high economic levels. The general tendency for the other groups of items covered by current family expenditures is to increase with improvement in the economic status of the family. Interesting contrasts to the figures given in table 32 are presented in table 33. The movements in the amounts of unit expenditure when families are classified by economic level are different from the same data when classified by income. Whereas the average unit expenditure for all items increases twofold from the lowest economic level to the $400 and over level, from the lowest to the highest income level the increase was about 20 percent in Indianapolis and 60 percent in Cin cinnati. 6 See th e T a b u lar S u m m a ry , ta b le 3. 7 F or a d escrip tio n of th e m e th o d s of co m p u tin g an d th e m ean in g of econ om ic le v e l, see p . 431. 5 3 4 8 5 ° — 40- -7 BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 88 T able 33.— Average unit expenditure, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1 9 8 4 -8 6 [N egro fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers] E co n o m ic level A verage of N u m b e r fasize ily in of fam ilies exmp en d i tu re u n its A verage A verage A verage A verage ex p en d i to ta l ex u n it food u n it re for p e n d i ex p en d i clo th in g tuother tu re per ex p en d i item s per tu re fa m ily ture person A verage ex p en d i tu re for all item s C in c in n a ti A ll fa m ilie s___________________ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it ex p en d itu re of— $100 to -$200__________________ $200 to $300__________________ $300 to $400__________________ $400 to $500__________________ $500 to $600__________________ $600 an d o v e r ________ __ ___ 100 3.05 $988 $132 $38 $152 $324 10 26 26 19 11 8 5.05 3. 76 2.91 2.19 2.01 2.15 817 907 994 955 1,083 1,394 81 104 141 169 199 221 18 32 44 45 49 61 63 103 157 220 291 371 162 241 342 436 539 648 101 3.26 941 114 34 139 289 18 27 24 32 5.50 3.50 2.78 2.14 867 860 963 1, 033 72 104 124 176 20 30 39 50 64 111 185 252 158 246 346 485 In d ia n a p o lis A ll fa m ilies . . _ F a m ilies w ith an n u al u n it ex p e n d itu re of— $100 to $200__________________ $200 to $300__________________ $300 to $400__________________ $400 an d o v er_________ __ __ Order o f expenditures at two economic levels. A comparison of the rank order of the different group items of expenditure at the lowest and at the highest economic levels among the Negro families, as shown in table 34, reveals that about the same types of shifts in consumer demand between the two levels occur for them as for the white families. The three items constituting the bulk of the expenditures, food, clothing, and housing (including fuel, light, and refrigeration), do not change rank from the lowest to the highest plane of living. Within the range of economic levels covered in this investigation, these three necessary items must take such a large share of the total that there is little possibility of their being exceeded by any other class of expenditures. In comparing this table with the similar figures shown for white families, it should be remembered that the range of variations in economic status is greater for the latter than for the Negro group. The highest economic level at which any considerable number of white families were found was that at which $600 to $700 was spent per expenditure unit, while for Negroes there were very few families with a unit expenditure of more than $400 to $500. Although food expenditures rank first at both levels in each city, the food consumption at the two levels is very different, due to the difference in total dollars spent and in the size of the family. As in the case of the white families studied, the number of expenditure units per Negro family decreased markedly from the lowest to the highest economic level. When total food expenditures are divided by the INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS Fig.13 DISTRIBUTION OF FAMILY EXPENDITURES OF WAGE EARNERS AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS AT TWO DIFFERENT ECONOMIC LEVELS INDIANAPOLIS, 1935-1936 NEGRO FAMILIES PERCENT OF TOTAL EXPENDITURE FOOO HOUSING INCLUDING FUEL, LIGHT AND REFRIGERATION CLOTHING MEDICAL CARE RECREATION HOUSEHOLD OPERATION TRANSPORTAj TION OTHER I THAN AUTOMOBILE I FURNISHINGS & EQUIPMENT PERSONAL CARE COMMUNITY WELFAREjGIFTS CONTRIBUTION ECONOMIC L EV EL (ANNUAL AMOUNT SPENT PER EXPENDITURE U N IT ) $500 unoer $600 AUTOMOBILE | EDUCATION, VOCATION AND MISC. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR ST A T IST IC S J ___I__ I___I__ I___L J ___I___I___I___I___1___I__ I___I__ I___L 89 90 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION number of food expenditure units,8 the result gives striking evidence of the change in food consumption from one level to another (see table 33). The greatest shift in rank order occurred in Indianapolis in expendi tures for automobile transportation, which moved from eleventh at the low to sixth place at the high level, and in those for furnishings and equipment, which rose from eighth to fourth place. In Cincinnati, expenditures for the corresponding items rose from fourteenth to twelfth and from seventh to sixth place. Gifts and contributions likewise occupy a more important place at high economic levels than at low, moving from twelfth to tenth place in Cincinnati and from thirteenth to twelfth in Indianapolis. Since the expenditures for medical care were so small as not to provide for adequate health services, but were made primarily for emergencies, which are never a function of economic status, it is not surprising that the movement in rank of such expenditures at low and high levels is not the same in Cincinnati and Indianapolis. In the former city, expenditures for medical services rose from ninth to seventh place, while in the latter they dropped from fourth to seventh place. T able 34.— Expenditures in rank order at 2 different economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36 [N egro fa m ilies of w a g e earners an d clerical w orkers] C in cin n a ti G roup ex p en d itu re item In d ia n a p o lis F a m ilies w ith a n n u a l u n it exp en d itu re of— $100 to F o o d _____ _ _ __ ___ _ _ _____ ______ _ C lo th in g .. _ _ _ _ H o u sin g ______________________________________________ ____ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration_________________ ___ ____ } O ther h o u seh o ld o p era tio n _________________ ____ ____ F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t_______________________________ A u to m o b ile an d m oto rcy cle— pu rch ase, op eration , and m a in t e n a n c e ____ _ _ ____ _ _ _ _ _____ ____ ________ _ _ _ _ __ O th er tra n sp o rta tio n ______ P erso n a l care___ ____ __________ _ ___________ _ _ ___ _______ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ __ M e d ic a l care__ _ R e c r e a t io n .___________ _ _ __ _________________ E d u c a tio n __ ________________ ______________________ V o c a tio n ... ____________ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ___ __________ C o m m u n ity w e lfa r e .______ _____________________ ________ G ifts an d con trib u tio n s to p erson s ou tsid e th e econ om ic fa m ily _______________ _ ___ ___________ _______ ______ O th er ite m s_____ _______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _________ $200 $400 to $500 1 $200 $400 to $500 3 3 3 1 1 2 6 7 13.5 4 8 .5 8. 5 5 13.5 15 H 2 2 2 8 6 6 8 9 4 12 11 6 8 11 12 10 1 $100 to 4 9 7 5 14.5 13 7 9 4 5 12 14.5 11 10 10 13 14.5 14.5 3 7 5 14.5 13 10 12 14.5 Changes in Assets and Liabilities Over two-thirds of the Negro families studied in Cincinnati and in Indianapolis reported net surpluses for the year covered by the 8 F o o d exp en d itu re u n its are co m p u te d from scales b a sed on th e U n ite d S ta tes average cost d u rin g th e p eriod of th e su r v e y of e stim a te d c u sto m a ry food co n su m p tio n . T h e y m a y b e u sed as a c o n v en ie n t com m on d en om in a to r in stu d y in g th e d ifferen ces in to ta l food exp en d itu res at d ifferen t eco n om ic le v e ls. (See ap p en d ix G .) INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS 91 schedule, although as many as 31 of the families in Cincinnati and 21 in Indianapolis were able to meet all of the demands for family living only by drawing on assets accumulated previously or by borrowing during the schedule year; the average deficit per family having a deficit was $78 in Cincinnati and $68 in Indianapolis.9 A small pro portion of the families in each city reported incomes just balancing current expenditures. When all families in each sample were grouped together, there resulted an average net surplus of $29 in Cincinnati and of $46 in Indianapolis. The general pattern noted for white families was large average deficits at the lowest income levels, decreasing progressively until the turning point was reached, after which at each successive interval there was an average surplus for all families. When Negro families were classified by income level, this was not found. This difference is due in part to the smaller number of cases, and hence the greater influence of a few families having very large surpluses and deficits, and in part apparently to a difference in the consumption habits of the two groups. Although the two Negro groups had incomes lower both in actual dollars and in relation to the persons dependent on them than the white groups studied simultaneously in Cincinnati and Indian apolis, they showed a smaller proportion of families increasing their liabilities during the year, and a larger relative savings. In both the Cincinnati and Indianapolis groups, there was an average net surplus at every income level (see tabular summary, table 5). The size of this surplus increased at the higher income levels. The fact that Negro families probably have greater difficulty than white families in obtaining credit is doubtless one reason for this situation. A further explanation of their greater tendency to save may be the fact that those families studied enjoyed relatively high incomes as compared with the total Negro population, whereas the white families studied may have had more social contact with families with higher incomes. When families are classified by economic level (as shown in detail in tabular summary, table 4) even greater irregularities are found. The Negro families as exemplified by the samples in Cincinnati and Indianapolis do not follow the pattern found among the white families, i. e., the general tendency for the figures on the net change in assets and liabilities to show an average surplus for all families at the lower economic levels and an average deficit for all families at the higher. From table 35 it can be seen that when all Negro families are grouped into just three economic levels, at each level in both cities there was 9 F or a d efin itio n of su rp lu s an d d eficit, see ap p en d ix A , p. 375. T h e figures ju st cited h a v e b een co m p u ted from th e fa m ilie s’ o w n sta tem e n ts a b o u t ch an g es in th eir assets an d lia b ilities, a n d do n o t rep resen t a b a la n c in g d ifference .b etw een rep orted in co m es an d rep orted cu rren t ex p en d itu re (see a p p en d ix A , p . 376). M o st fam ilies w ere n o t a b le to p resen t a sta tem e n t of to ta l receip ts an d to ta l d isb u rsem en t w h ich b a lan ced e x a ctly . N o sch ed u le w a s accep ted for u se from a fa m ily w h ic h cou ld n o t su p p ly a sta tem e n t of to ta l receip ts an d to ta l d isb u rsem en ts w h ic h b a lan ced w ith in 5 p ercen t. 92 EAST NORTH C E N T R A L REGION a net surplus which increased in size with rise in plane of living in Cincinnati and decreased in Indianapolis. 35.— Percentage of families having surplus and deficit and net change in assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934.-36 T able [N egro fa m ilies of w a g e earners an d clerical w orkers] P ercen ta ge of fa m ilies h a v in g — C ity an d eco n o m ic le v e l Num ber of fam i lies A verage a m o u n t of— N e t ch an g e in a ssets an d lia b ilitie s for all fam ilies N et N et su rp lu s deficit P er fa m ily P er ex p e n d i tu re u n it +$29 +$10 S u rp lu s D e fic it per per fa m ily fa m ily P er h a v in g h a v in g ga in fu l su rp lu s d eficit w orker C in c in n a ti A ll fam ilies________________________ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it ex p e n d itu re of— U n d er $300------------- - $300 to $400____________________ $400 an d o v e r .. . _ __ 67.0 31.0 36 61.1 26 . 69.2 38 71.1 33.3 30.8 28.9 101 78.2 20.8 45 24 32 77.8 83.3 75 .0 16.7 21.9 100 +5 +5 +$24 $79 $78 67 72 +19 +42 +20 +17 +15 +34 100 41 99 84 +46 +14 +30 76 68 +52 +47 +35 +17 +16 +31 +30 +26 87 65 78 65 45 53 + 21 In d ia n a p o lis A ll fa m ilies________ ____________ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it ex p e n d itu re of— U n d er $300____________________ $300 to $400____________________ $400 an d ov er______________ 22.2 +12 An analysis of the changes in assets and liabilities, as shown in table 36, reveals that contrary to the tendency noted for white families, the reductions in assets and increases in liabilities tend to occur in similar amounts at both high and low economic levels. The rising tide of installment buying characteristic of the years following the depression of 1933 is probably a factor in the sizeable increase in liabilities of these Negro families. For families both in Cincinnati and Indianapolis, increases in amounts due on goods purchased on the installment plan assumed a larger proportion of the total increase in liabilities with rise in the expenditure level of families. In Cin cinnati, increases in sums owed for goods (including automobiles) purchased on the installment plan amounted to 65 percent of increases in all liabilities at the low economic level and 77 percent at the high. Comparable percentages in Indianapolis were 40 and 86. A compari son of the average increase in such liabilities with decreases reported by families having smaller amounts outstanding on goods purchased this way at the end of the year than at the beginning, shows that in both cities total obligations incurred during the year were considerably larger than those paid off. 93 INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS T able 36.— Changes in assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1984-36 [N egro fa m ilies of w a g e earners an d clerical w orkers] C ity an d eco n om ic le v e l A v erage d ecreases in a m o u n ts d u e on A v e r A ver A ver s p u rch ased age d e N u m age in age d e good on th e in sta ll creases ber of creases creases m e n t p la n fam ilies in in lia in assets 1 b ilitie s 1 a s s e ts 1 A u to O ther m o b iles good s A vera g e in creases in A v e r a m o u n ts d u e on age in good s p u rch ased creases on th e in sta ll in m e n t p la n i lia b ili ties 1 A u to O th er m ob iles good s C in c in n a ti A ll fa m ilie s_____________ F a m ilie s w ith an n u al u n it ex p en d itu re of— U n d er $300. $300 to $400_________ $400 an d o v e r _____ 100 $66 $14 0 $9 $8 $43 $1 $28 36 26 38 65 65 68 8 12 22 0 0 0 3 12 13 3 14 9 48 43 39 0 0 3 31 27 27 101 69 27 $2 9 4 47 4 24 45 24 32 73 67 63 35 20 23 3 0 3 9 7 10 0 4 9 55 36 42 2 3 8 20 24 28 In d ia n a p o lis A ll fa m ilie s_____________ F a m ilies w ith a n n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $300. ___ _ $300 to $400_________ $400 an d o v e r ______ i A verages c o m p u ted b y d iv id in g th e to ta l n u m b er of fam ilies a t each exp en d itu re le v e l in to th e aggre ga te in creases or d ecreases of th e fa m ilies rep ortin g su ch in creases or decreases. Chapter 2 Expenditures for Specified Goods Annual food expenditure . Food In both cities, average food expenditures per family declined con sistently as a percentage of total current expenditure with rise in economic level.1 Average dollar outlays per family for food prepared at home (including food for lunches carried to work and to school) remained about the same at the low and high levels in both cities. The average annual expenditure at the lowest level was $354 in Cincinnati and $336 in Indianapolis. On the contrary, actual dollar expenditures for food bought and eaten away from home increased considerably with improvement in plane of living, rising 81 percent in Cincinnati and 47 percent in Indianapolis. Of each dollar spent for food in Cincinnati, at the low economic level about 4 cents was used to purchase meals away from home, and at the highest level about 8 cents. In Indianapolis, 3 and 5 cents were spent for this purpose. Expenditures for meals at work increased from the low to the high levels much less rapidly than did total expenditures for food away from home. Only one family in Cincinnati and none in Indianapolis reported payment for board at school. Food expenditures in 1 wee\ in the spring quarter . The types of food purchased by the Negro families in the two cities studied in the East North Central region show striking similar ities. From table 37 it is apparent that the distribution of each food dollar among groups of food is practically the same for the two samples. Data on 194 separate foods purchased and consumed during one typical week in the spring quarter show that not only is there a marked increase in the average expenditure per capita with rise in economic level, but also that the types and quantities of foods are different at the various levels. The figures on the details of food 1 T h ro u g h o u t th e b u lle tin , eco n om ic le v e l is d efin ed as th e a m o u n t of current exp en d itu re per yea r per e x p e n d itu r e u n it, or in oth er w ord s, th e a m o u n t of an n u al u n it ex p en d itu re. F or each of th e ta b les sh o w in g d eta ils of exp en d itu re, as m a n y eco n om ic le v e ls h a v e b een sh o w n as th e n u m b er of cases in each c ity an d th e ty p e s of th e d a ta for each p articu lar ta b le w o u ld a llo w . F or an n u al food exp en d itu re for N egro fa m ilies, th e le v e ls are as follow s: L o w , u n d er $300 per exp en d itu re u n it for all item s; in term ed ia te, $300 to $400 per e x p en d itu re u n it; h ig h , $400 an d over per exp en d itu re u n it (see tab u lar su m m a ry , ta b le 8). 94 95 EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS purchases have been summarized to show averages by families at three different economic levels.2 A comparison of the amounts spent for food per capita per week 3 by families at the three expenditure levels shows the total at the highest plane to be slightly more than twice that at the lowest. The Negro families in both these cities devoted a smaller proportion of their total food expenditures to milk products and miscellaneous foods, and a larger proportion to meat, than the white families at comparable economic levels. T able 37.— Expenditures for food per capita per week [N egro fam ilies of w&ge earners an d clerical w orkers] Item A verage per ca p ita ex p en d itu re in 1 w eek in th e sp rin g quarter in — C in cin n a ti N u m b e r of fam ilies fu rn ish in g d a ta on food pu rch ased in sp rin g quarter. T o ta l exp en d itu re for— A ll fo o d s_________________________________ G rain p ro d u cts_________________________ E g g s-------------------------------------------------------M ilk , cheese, ice crea m _________________ B u tte r an d crea m _______________________ O ther fa ts________________________________ M e a t, p o u ltr y , fish an d other sea food V eg eta b les an d fru its___________________ Sugars an d sw e e ts_______________________ M iscella n eo u s fo o d s_____________________ Sales ta x _________________________________ T o ta l exp en d itu re for— A ll fo o d s_________________________________ G rain p ro d u cts_________________________ E g g s-------------------------------------------------------M ilk , cheese, ice crea m _________________ Butter an d cream_________________ O ther fa ts________________________________ M e a t, p o u ltr y , fish an d other sea food. V eg eta b les an d fr u its___________________ Sugars an d sw e e ts______________________ M iscella n eo u s fo o d s____________________ Sales ta x _________________________________ 81 $2.13 .34 .19 .53 .46 .08 In d ia n apolis 101 $1.82 .32 .17 .08 .22 .41 .35 .10 .06 100.0 P ercen t 16.0 4 .2 8 .9 3.8 9 .4 24.8 21.6 3.8 4.7 2.8 P ercen t 100.0 17.6 5.5 9 .3 4 .4 12.1 22.6 19.2 4.9 4.4 In part, the very small expenditure for milk products by Negro families found at the highest economic level studied is due to the relatively small number of children in this group. In part, however, it seems to be due to a general tendency not to consume as much milk as the white families. In the groups spending from $400 to $600 per expenditure unit among the white families in Cincinnati and Indian2 See footn ote 1, p. 94, an d T a b u lar S u m m a ry , ta b le 7. 3 S in ce h u m a n n eed s for an d c u sto m a ry c o n su m p tio n of food s of d ifferent ty p e s v a r y co n sid erab ly for p erson s of d ifferen t age an d sex, it is im p o ssib le to c o m p u te a n y sin g le m easu re of fa m ily size w h ich w ill b e a p p ro p riate for com p a rin g th e con su m p tio n of sp ecific foods from one fa m ily to an oth er. C h ild ren ’s n e e d for m ilk is a p p ro x im a tely tw ic e as great as th a t of a d u lts, w h ile th e n eed of a d u lts for h eat-p ro d u cin g fo o d s (starch es an d sugars) is ab o u t tw ic e as great as th a t of ch ild ren . C h ild ren ’s con su m p tio n of m eat v a ries from th a t of a d u lts a t a still d ifferen t rate. In order to secure figures on q u a n tities of in d iv id u a l fo o d s p u rch ased an d on exp en d itu res for in d iv id u a l foods w h ic h w o u ld p rov id e a rea so n ab ly satisfactory b a sis for com p arison an d y e t n o t p resen t a m islead in g ap p earance of refin em en t, d a ta on fa m ily purch ases of in d iv id u a l food s h a v e b een con v erted to a per cap ita b asis. 96 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION apolis, the average consumption of milk per capita per week was 4.77 pounds (after converting condensed and evaporated to equivalent quantities of whole milk) and among the Negro families spending $400 and over, 3.92 pounds on the same basis. An estimate of the proportion of families at each of the three economic levels spending enough to buy an adequate diet shows a striking progression from those in the lowest to those in the highest. For Cincinnati, the proportion rises from 2.8 percent of the families at the lowest level, to 34.6 percent at the intermediate level and 84.2 F ig .14. PROPORTION OF FAMILIES SPENDING ENOUGH TO PURCHASE AN ADEQUATE DIET AT MINIMUM COST AT SUCCESSIVE ECONOMIC LEVELS 1935-1936 NEGRO FAMILIES CINCINNATI ECONOMIC LEVELS fA M O U N T S P E N T P E R E X P E N D IT U R E U N IT ) PERCENT A L L FAM ILIES UNDER $300 $300 $400 UNDER $400 *"«> OVER INDIANAPOLIS A L L FAM ILIES UNDER $300 $300 $400 $400 UNDER OVER NOTE “ The *'Adequate D ie t A t M inim um Cost* o f the United Sta te s Bureau o f Home Econom ics Was U s e d as the Basis for these Computations. U. S BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS percent at the highest. In Indianapolis, no families at the lowest level, 20.8 percent at the intermediate level, and 78.1 percent at the highest spent enough to purchase an adequate diet. For the method of making this estimate and its limitations, see page 47. Housing Housing facilities. Home owners, who constituted 10 percent of the Negro families studied in Cincinnati and 19 percent in Indianapolis, enjoyed larger houses than the renters in the group, an average difference of one room in Indianapolis and in Cincinnati. EXPENDITURES EOR SPECIFIED GOODS 97 From table 38 it is apparent that the number of persons per room was greater among families living in multiple-dwelling units than among home owners and renters of houses. A more striking fact shown in this table is the consistent downward movement in the num ber of persons per room with rise in economic level. The relatively high standard of most of these families m regard to the minimum necessary space is not to be taken as indicating the condition of all Negroes in these two cities, since it must be remembered that the sample is a cross section only of wage earners and clerical workers with a given minimum employment and income, who at no time during the schedule year had received relief. As with the white families, home owners surpassed renters in the proportion of families having garden space. Six of the 10 home owners in Cincinnati and 17 of the 19 in Indianapolis had space suitable for gardening in connection with their homes, whereas the corresponding figures for renters were 8 out of 90 and 63 out of 82. T a b l e 3 8 . — Average number of persons per room, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36 [Negrofamilies of wageearners andclerical workers] Ite m A ll fam i lies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u a l u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 a n d over C in c in n a ti N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y -------------------------------------------A verage n u m b er of persons per room am on g— H o m e ow n ers 1_______________________ ________________ R en ters of h o u ses _____ _ _ _ __ __ _ _____ __ R en ters o f h eated a p a r tm e n ts ______ ______ ____ R en ters of u n h e a te d a p a rtm en ts __________________ 100 36 26 38 0.85 1.01 1.30 1.43 0.69 .90 0. 52 .69 101 0.63 .76 45 0. 76 .97 24 0. 56 .56 32 0.49 .50 In d ia n a p o lis N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y . ------------------- ----------------A verage n u m b er of persons per room am on g— H o m e o w n e r s __ _____ __ __ _ __ __ ______ __ R en ters of h o u ses _ ______________ - --------------------R en ters of h eated a p a rtm en ts 1 _ _ R en ters of u n h e a te d a p a rtm en ts 1 _ _ _______ ______ i Figures not presentedbecauseofsmall number offamilies inthis classification. Only 4 of the 100 Negro families studied in Cincinnati and 37 of the 101 in Indianapolis reported the use of garages. In each city a larger proportion of home owners were so equipped. Thirty-two percent of the renters and 40 percent of the home owners among Negro families in Cincinnati, and 20 percent of the renters and 63 percent of the home owners in Indianapolis, lived in dwellings without one or more of the following facilities: Running hot water, inside flush toilets, electric lights, and gas or electricity for cooking. From table 39, which shows the percentage of families 98 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION having various facilities such as central heating, telephone, etc., it is apparent that the home owners lived in relatively more comfortable dwellings than did renters. Even so, 40 percent of the home owners in Cincinnati and about 21 percent in Indianapolis did not have access to inside flush toilets. Forty-one percent of the renters in Cincinnati and about 5 percent in Indianapolis shared the use of the toilet with other families. In table 9 of the Tabular Summary, the data on housing facilities are presented in greater detail, including a break-down according to economic level. Housing expenditures. Due to the relative urgency of their housing requirements, when the Negro families were classified according to economic level, at each plane approximately a quarter of total expenditures were devoted to housing including fuel, light, and refrigeration. (For further details, see table 10 in the tablular summary.) T able 39.— Housing facilities at the end of the schedule yeary 1 year during the period 1934-36 [N egro fam ilies of w age earners and clerical w orkers] Item N u m b e r of fam ilies w h o o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e a t en d of sch ed u le year _ _____ P ercen ta ge of ow ners h a v in g — C entral heat- _ _ ________ ______ G as or e lec tric ity for cook in g _____ ______ __ __ _ _______ _______ ____ E lectric refrigerator.— _ ___ ___________ __ _ __ _________ _ ._ _ __ R u n n in g h o t w ater ______ ____ ______ _ _ ____________ ___________ _ In sid e flu sh to ile t.________________ ______ ____ __ _ _ _ __ _ _______ ____ __ Sole u se of to ile t _ ______ ________ __ _ _________ ___________ __ __ __ _ T elep h o n e __ _ _ _ __ ______ ______ ________ ________ G arage _ _ __ _____ __ ____________ ______ ________________ __ _____ G arden sp a ce__________ ___ _ -------------- __ ___ ___ ------------------------------------ --P la y sp ace __ _ _ _ ____ __ __ ______ _______________ _ _______ E a ch of th e fo llow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ilet, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h ts, an d gas or e lec tric ity for co o k in g_____ __ _____ ______ _________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies w h o ren ted p rin cip al h o m e at en d of sch ed u le year __ _ __ P ercen ta ge of renters h a v in g — C en tral heat__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____________ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ G as or electricity for c o o k in g . __________________ ______ __ __ ___ _ _ _ E lectric refrigerator „ ._ _ __________ ______ __ __ __________ __ _ _ ________ __ __ R u n n in g h o t w ater _ _ _ _ _ _________ _ _ ____ In sid e flu sh to ile t______________________ ____________________________________ _ _ Sole u se of to ile t. __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _________ _ T elep h o n e _ _ _ ______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ______ ____ __ G arage_____ ____ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ ____ ___________ _ _______ __ _ _ __ G ard en sp a ce____________ _____ ______ __ __ ____________ __ _ ______ _____ P la y sp a ce _______ ___________ __________ __ __ __ _ __ _____ _____ __ __ _ E a ch of th e follow in g item s: In sid e flush to ilet, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h ts, an d gas or e lectricity for co o k in g_____________ _ _________ _____ _____ __ C in cin n a ti 10 50.0 50.0 10.0 50.0 60.0 90.0 50.0 10.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 90 32.2 70.0 6.7 32.2 82.2 58.9 11.1 3.3 8.9 35.6 32.2 In d ia n ap olis 19 57.9 68.4 21.1 63. 2 78.9 100. 0 5.3 68.4 89 .5 89. 5 63. 2 82 29.3 32.9 1 .2 34.1 63.4 95.1 1. 2 29.3 76.8 76.8 19.5 Home owners.— Among Negro home owners in Indianapolis, average current expenditures for housing were about $50 less than for white families in that city (see table 40 and tabular summary, table 10). Of the items included, taxes, interest on mortgages, and repairs and replacements accounted for about 90 percent of the total housing expenditure, which averaged $111. Due to the small number of 99 EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS cases, the movement of current housing expenditure with increase in economic level is extremely irregular. On the average, these Negro families in Indianapolis were able to invest about $90 in their own homes; that is, to make payments on principal of mortgages or permanent improvements. Renters.— The average monthly rental rate for apartments with heat not included in rent was $14 in Cincinnati. Even for houses in this city, the average rental rate per month was less than $18 (see table 40). In general, there was a tendency for the average monthly rent paid to increase with rise in economic level, as can be seen in table 10 of the tabular summary. Secondary housing.— None of the Negro families studied owned a vacation home, nor did any family pay rent on a vacation or a trip. T able 40.— Housing expenditures, 1 year during the period 1934--86 [N egro fam ilies of w age earners an d clerical w orkers] Item ia n a p C in cin n a ti In d olis Home ownersfor 12months N u m b er of fa m ilies______________________________________________________________________ A verage current ex p en d itu re___________________________________________________________ A verage a m o u n t in v este d d u rin g year in o w n ed h o m e ______________________________ A verage an n u al ren tal v a lu e ____________________________________________________________ A verage im p u ted in com e from e q u ity in ow n h o m e_________________________________ (9 (9 (9 (9 Renters ofhousesfor 12months N u m b e r of fa m ilies______________________________________________________________________ A verage m o n th ly ren ta l rate p a id _____________________________________________________ 10 19 $111 $91 $168 $56 20 $18 63 $11 Rentersfor 12months ofapartments withheatincludedinrent N u m b e r of fa m ilies______________________________________________________________________ A verage m o n th ly ren ta l rate p a id _____________________________________________________ <9 4 (9 4 Rentersfor 12months ofapartments withheat not includedinrent N u m b e r of fa m ilies______________________________________________________________________ A verage m o n th ly ren ta l rate p a id _____________________________________________________ Secondaryhousing N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y __________________________________________________________ A verage ex p en d itu re for o w n ed v a ca tio n h o m e_______________________________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for ren t on v a ca tio n or trip ___________________________ A verage exp en d itu re for ren t oh va ca tio n or trip per fa m ily m a k in g su ch ex p en d i tu r e _____________________________________________________________________________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for ren t at sch oo l_______________________________________ 66 $14 100 0 0 0 1 (9 15 101 0 0 0 0 i In form ation n o t p resen ted b ecau se of sm a ll n u m b er of fam ilies in th is classification . Fuel , light, and refrigeration.— Expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration were heaviest in winter and fall, with practically no purchases of coal in spring and summer. In table 11 of the tabular summary, detailed information is presented for expenditures for electricity, anthracite, bituminous coal, coke, briquets, wood, fuel oil, gas, kerosene, gasoline not used for automobiles, and ice. Since the actual amount paid for fuel, light, and refrigeration depends to a large extent on whether a house or an apartment is involved, and on 100 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION whether the rent paid the landlord includes heat, data are presented in that table for families in 4 separate housing categories as well as in the form of averages for all families. Other items of household operation.— Items of household operation other than fuel, light, and refrigeration include water rent, telephone, domestic service, laundry sent out, laundry soap and cleaning sup plies, and other miscellaneous items. Expenditures for these items as shown in table 12 of the tabular summary increased markedly from low to high planes of living. Laundry out and telephone expenditures increased manyfold from the lowest to the highest economic levels, as they did among white families. Expenditures for part-time domestic service were reported by 1 family at the highest level in Cincinnati, and 1 at the lowest in Indianapolis. Full-time domestic service was enjoyed only by 1 family at the highest plane in Cincinnati. Furnishings and Equipment 4 Expenditures for furnishings and equipment were largely for suites of furniture, electric refrigerators, ice boxes, stoves and ranges, and carpets and rugs. At the lowest level, an average of $35.60 was spent for this group of items for the year, whereas, by some coincidence, families at the two highest levels, spent $52.24 (see table 41 and Tabular Summary, table 18.) T 41.— Expenditures for furnishings and equipment at different economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-86 [N egro fam ilies of w age earners an d clerical w orkers in C in c in n a ti an d In d ia n a p o lis com b in ed ] able Item F a m ilies w ith an n u al u n it e x p e n d i tu re of— an d U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 over N u m b e r of fam ilies in su r v e y ______________________ T o ta l exp en d itu re for fu rn ish in gs an d eq u ip m en t F u rn itu re________________________________________ T e x tile fu rn ish in g s______________________________ S ilv er, ch in a , an d glassw are____________________ E lectrica l e q u ip m e n t___________________________ M iscella n eo u s e q u ip m e n t______________________ T o ta l e x p en d itu re for fu rn ish in gs an d eq u ip m e n t F u rn itu re________________________________________ T e x tile fu rn ish in g s______________________________ Silver,' ch in a, an d glassw are____________________ E lectrica l e q u ip m e n t___________________________ Miscellaneous equipment_____________ 81 $35.60 13.35 6. 71 .69 4.02 10.83 50 $52. 24 20.01 10. 22 .52 12.91 8.58 Percent Percent 37.5 18.8 1.9 11.3 30.5 38.3 19.6 100.0 100.0 1.0 24.7 16.4 70 $52. 24 25. 46 6.85 .01 10. 37 9. 55 Percent 100.0 48.7 13.1 0) 19.9 18.3 1 L ess th a n 0.05 p ercen t. 4 B ecau se of th e h ig h v a r ia b ility ch aracteristic of exp en d itu res for fu rn ish in gs an d e q u ip m e n t (see p . 56), figures fn exp en d itu res for sp ecified item s b y th e N egro fam ilies stu d ie d h a v e b een p resen ted in term s of averages for th e tw o cities co m b in ed . NOTES ON TABULAR SUMMARY 101 The goods purchased at different levels varied not only in kind, but in quantity. The articles purchased by the largest proportion of families at the lowest economic level were fundamentals of house hold equipment: Brooms, brushes, and mops; electric light bulbs; stoves and ranges (other than electric stoves); tubs, boards, and wringers; and sheets and pillow cases. Curtains and draperies, upholstered chairs, electric refrigerators, and felt-base floor coverings, on the contrary, were purchased by families at the highest level rela tively more frequently than by those at the lowest. Of the various groups of items coming under the general head of furnishings and equipment, those for electrical equipment increased most markedly from low to high planes of living. Clothing 5 Total expenditure per family fo r clothing . Total expenditure for clothing by Negro families in the East North Central region averaged $95 per family (see tabular summary, table 17). Outlays for families at the lowest level averaged $90, rose to $103 for the intermediate group, and declined to $96 for the highest. Differences in size of family at these three different levels resulted in average unit clothing expenditure at the three levels of $26, $41, and $49, respectively. Home sewing .— That the custom of buying clothes ready to wear extends to the Negroes studied is indicated by the overwhelming pro portion of total clothing expenditure going to purchase of ready-made clothing, dry cleaning, and accessories. Expenditure for yard goods and findings used for sewing garments at home averaged only $1.05 per family at the lowest level, rose to $1.69 at the next level, and dropped to $0.84 at the highest. Paid help for sewing claimed a very small proportion of the expenditure by Negro families, as was the case with the white group, averaging only 14 cents per family at the highest level. Gifts o f clothing. Gifts of clothing, if paid for from family funds and exchanged within the economic family, were not recorded as gifts but simply as clothing expenses of the family. When, however, gifts were received from persons outside the family circle, an attempt was made to ascer tain their value. Sixteen percent of the families at the lowest eco nomic level, 24 percent at the intermediate level, and 16 percent at the highest reported receiving such gifts. Their value as estimated by the families averaged $1 at both the lowest and the highest level, but 5 B eca u se of th e great v a r ia b ility in exp en d itu res for clo th in g an d th e resu ltin g d iffic u lty in securing reliab le averages for ex p en d itu res for in d iv id u a ls (see p . 57), averages h a v e b een co m p u ted for C in cin n ati an d In d ia n a p o lis co m b in ed , an d n o t for th e tw o cities sep ara tely. 102 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION as some of the families could not judge these values, they have not been included, and the above figures do not give a complete account of this item. Clothing expenditures fo r men and hoys. The limited number of persons aged less than 18 among the Negro families studied bars comparison of average clothing expenditure of boys in lower age groups at various economic levels. The adult men and boys aged 18 years and over purchased clothing of an average value of $23 per person at the lowest economic level, $33 per person at the next level, and $45 at the highest level. T able 42.— Distribution of clothing expenditures for individuals in families, at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-86 [M en an d b o y s in N egro fam ilies of w ag e earners an d clerical w orkers, in C in cin n a ti an d In d ia n ap o lis com bined] ll Sex, age group, an d ty p e of clo th in g famA ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies w ith a n n u a l u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $300 to $400 and over $300 $400 M e n an d b o y s 18 years of age an d over: H e a d w e a r- __________ ______ __ _ O u ter w e a r __ __ _______ _______ U n d e r w e a r ., . . . _ __ ------------ --F o o tw ea r ______ _ -------------M iscella n eo u s ite m s_____ __ ___ T o ta l_____________________________ $1.47 17.74 1.98 7. 90 3.00 32. 09 $1.06 12.05 1.57 6.43 1.99 23.10 $1. 71 16.24 2.64 8. 24 3.91 32.74 $1.83 27.44 2.12 9. 71 3. 73 44.83 A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies w ith a n n u a l u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $300 to $400 an d $300 $400 over P ercen t 4 .6 55.3 6.2 24.6 9 .3 100.0 P ercen t P ercen t 8.6 5 .2 49.6 8.1 25.2 11.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 .6 52.2 6.8 27.8 P ercen t 4.1 61.2 4 .7 21.7 8.3 When their clothing expenditures are grouped according to general type of item (see table 42), expenditures for outerwear and footwear are found to constitute 80 percent for the group as a whole. Expend itures for outerwear at the highest levels take a distinctly larger pro portion of the total than at the low and intermediate levels. The proportion spent for footwear, on the other hand, declined with rise in economic plane. The proportions spent for headwear and for miscellaneous items moved irregularly. The largest expense in the group of miscellaneous items was for cleaning and repairing, for which each man using such services averaged $1.43 at the lowest economic level and $2.93 at the highest. Clothing expenditures fo r women and girls. Clothing expenditures for women and girls aged 18 years and over averaged slightly less than those for men at the lowest and highest levels, but were significantly larger at the intermediate level. They were $22 at the lowest economic level, $37 at the next, and $42 at the highest. EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS 103 DISTRIBUTION OF ANNUAL CLOTHING EXPENDITURES FOR INDIVIDUALS IN FAM ILIES AT SU C C E SSIV E ECONOMIC L E V E L S TW O CITIES IN THE EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 1 9 3 4 -1 9 3 6 NEGRO FAMILIES ITEM 0 10 DOLLARS 20 30 0 10 DOLLARS 20 30 HEADWEAR OUTERWEAR UNDERWEAR FOOTWEAR MISCELLANEOUS U .S . BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTIC S 534 8 5 °— 40------ 8 40 104 T able EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 43 . — D istrib u tio n o f clothing expenditures fo r individuals in fa m i li e s , at successive econ om ic levels , 1 yea r during the period 1 9 3 4 - 3 6 [W om en an d girls in N egro fam ilies of w age earners an d clerical w orkers in C in cin n a ti an d In d ia n ap o lis com bined] ll S ex , age group, an d ty p e s of cloth in g famA ilies W o m en an d girls 18 years of age an d over: H eadw ear___ __ ___ __ ___ O u terw ear_______ ________________ U n d erw ea r. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ______ F o o tw ea r . __ __ _ -------------M iscella n eo u s it e m s ._ _________ T o ta l. _ _____ _______ $1.60 14.53 3.36 10.59 1.87 31.95 E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $300 to $400 an d $400 $300 over $1.03 9.29 2.14 8.39 1.01 21.86 $1.94 16.12 4.42 11.59 2.46 36.53 $2.06 20.24 4.16 12. 65 2. 51 41. 62 A ll fam ilies P ercen t 5.0 45.5 10.5 33.1 5.9 100.0 E co n o m ic lev el— F a m ilies w ith an n u al u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $300 to $400 and $300 $400 over P ercen t 4 .7 42.5 9 .8 38.4 4.6 100.0 P ercen t 5.3 44.2 12.1 31.7 6 .7 100.0 P ercen t 4 .9 48.7 10.0 30.4 6.0 100.0 Classification of clothing expenditures by type of article indicates that among Negro women and girls aged 18 years and over in the East North Central region, outerwear and footwear together accounted for 78.6 percent of their total (table 43). Outerwear (coats, suits, dresses, blouses, and sweaters) was the largest item of expense, with an average of $15. Footwear (including shoes, rubbers, and hosiery), representing an average expenditure of $11, was second; underwear, with $3, came third; and miscellaneous items (including accessories) and headwear, each averaging $2, tied for fourth. When classified by economic level, footwear expenditures, while increasing in dollars, claimed a decreasing proportion of the total. Expenditures for outer wear and miscellaneous items, on the other hand, took an increasing proportion at the higher levels. Other Groups of Items of Current Expenditure In spite of the increase in dollar expenditures for recreation (see table 45 and Tabular Summary, table 15) with rise in economic level, the proportion of total expenditures designated for the varied items classified under this category declined. At all planes of living in each city, expenditures for tobacco were the largest, with newspapers second. Admissions to movie houses accounted for the next item of amusement. In the two cities combined, a larger percentage of fami lies owned radios at the highest than at the lowest economic level, where 39.5 percent of the Negro families had them. (See table 44.) The number of families purchasing radios increased from low to high economic levels. However, the average price they paid increased from $24 to $37 in Cincinnati, but decreased from $62 to $54 in Indianapolis. 105 NOTES ON TABULAR SUMMARY T able 44 . — R a d io o w n ersh ip and p urchase, at successive econ om ic levels, 1 yea r d u rin g the period 1 9 8 ^ -8 6 [Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers in Cincinnati and Indianapolis combined] Item A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u a l u n it exp en d itu re of— U n d er $300 $300 to $400 N u m b e r of fam ilies in s u r v e y ._____________________ ____ P ercen ta ge of fam ilies: O w n in g r a d io s ._ . . . . . . __ _________________ __ P u rch a sin g radios ____________________ ____________ A verage am o u n t p a id for radio per fa m ily p u r c h a sin g .._ T able 45 . — 201 48.3 10.0 $48 81 39.5 6 .2 $39 $400 an d over 50 60.0 8 .0 $58 70 50.0 15.7 $49 E x p en d itu res f o r recreation and transporta tion at 2 different econ om ic levels, 1 year d u rin g the period 1 9 8 4.-8 6 [N egro fa m ilies of w age earners an d clerical w orkers] Ite m N u m b e r of fa m ilie s s t u d ie d ___________ _______ __ ______ R ecrea tio n ex p en d itu res: A verage a m o u n t_______ _____ __ __ __ _ ________ P ercen ta ge for— T o b a c c o _____ . . . ___ . . . . ____ . . M o v ie s . . . ._ _______ . . _______ ________ N ew sp a p ers___ . _______ ______ _________._ O ther r e a d in g ._ _______ _ ______ __ __ _ R ecreation a l e q u ip m e n t, e tc . _ . .. P ercen ta g e o f fam ilies o w n in g ra d io s___ __ _ P ercen ta g e o f fa m ilies p u rch asin g r a d io s .__ __ _ _ A v era g e a m o u n t p a id for radio p e r fa m ily p u rch as in g _________ . _______ ______ ____ _ _ __ T ra n sp o rta tio n e x p en d itu res: A verage a m o u n t _ ______ _____________ . P ercen ta g e for— A u to m o b ile p u rch ase, m a in te n a n c e , and care__ _________ O ther . . . __________ ____ P er c en ta g e of fa m ilie s o w n in g a u to m o b ile _____ E x p en d itu r e for a u to m o b ile m ain ten an ce: A verage a m o u n t per fa m ily ow n in g a u to m o b ile ____ _____ P ercen ta ge for— G a solin e an d oil . . ___ _____ __ _ G arage ren t an d p a rk in g . _ _____ ____ __ O ther ______ ____________ C in cin n a ti In d ia n a p o lis 36 $31 41.0 17.6 28.9 .4 12.1 55.6 8.3 $24 $32 7 .5 92 .5 5.6 38 $49 48.5 19.6 2 0 .5 1.4 10.0 55.3 7.9 $37 $84 42.1 57.9 21.1 45 $32 45.2 15.-9 22.1 2 .0 14.8 26. 7 4 .4 $62 $41 34.3 65.7 20.0 32 $57 39.1 11.0 14.7 1.6 33.6 43.8 25 .0 $54 $82 58.3 41.7 34.4 $43 56. 5 20 .9 22.6 $139 53.1 14.5 32 .4 $56 69.5 0 30.5 $75 63.8 0 36.2 If it had been possible to segregate the amount of transportation expense undertaken primarily for recreational purposes, the pattern of such expenditures would perhaps have assumed a different appear ance. The percentage of total transportation expenditures devoted to automobile purchase, maintenance, and care increased with rise in economic level, although in each case it was less than that for white families. The percentage for other forms of transportation declined. (See tabular summary, table 13.) The average expenditure for au tomobile maintenance per family owning automobiles increased with rise in economic level. Over half of such expenditures went for gaso line, with a fifth or less in Cincinnati for garage but none for this pur pose in Indianapolis. None of the Negro families surveyed in Cin cinnati purchased a new car during the schedule year, but two bought 106 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION second-hand cars at an average price of $114. In Indianapolis, at an average price of $171, six second-hand cars were purchased. Average expenditure per person for personal care increased from $3 to $9 in Cincinnati, and in Indianapolis from $4 at the lowest economic level to $10 at the highest. (See tabular summary, table 14.) Part III.— Tabular Summary 107 109 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b le 1.— D istrib u tio n o f f a m ilie s , by econom ic level and in co m e level $1,600 to $1,700 1 0 I $1,700 to $1,800 $1,400 to $1,500 $1,500 to $1,600 1 $1,200 to $1,300 $1,100 to $1,200 $800 to $900 $900 to $1,000 $1,300 to $1,400 $1,000 to $1,100 $700 to $800 j 0 $600 to $700 55 42 28 13 10 8 2 2 — — — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 13 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 9 16 5 1 0 1 0 1 17 6 10 4 5 2 0 1 7 8 3 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 5 2 0 1 2 0 2 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 $500 to $600 $400 to $500 $300 to $400 $200 to $300 $100 to $200 In com e class A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year— C I N C I N N A T I , <O H IO .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S F a m ilie s in su r v e y ____ A n n u a l n e t in com e of: $500-$600__________ $600-$900__________ $900-$1.200________ $1,200-51,500______ $1*500-$1,800______ $1,800-$2,100______ $2,100-$2,400______ $2,400-$2,700______ $2,700-$3,000______ $3,000-$3,300______ $3,300-$3,600______ $3,600-$3,900______ $3,900-$4,200______ $4,200-$7,800______ $7,800-$8,100______ 352 2 34 73 83 68 48 26 8 4 2 2 0 1 0 1 4 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 1 7 9 4 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 1 8 23 19 10 5 2 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 88 0 12 22 26 10 12 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C IN C IN N A T I, O H IO — N E G R O F A M IL IE S F a m ilie s in su r v e y . __ A n n u a l n e t in com e of: $500-$600__________ $600-$900__________ $900-$l,200________ $1,200-$1,500______ $1,500-$1,800______ $1,800~$2,100______ 100 10 26 26 — — —1 2 1 1 0 32 4 12 11 47 5 9 9 12 0 3 3 5 0 1 3 2 0 0 0 19 0 5 13 1 0 0 11 — 0 0 8 3 0 0 6 1 1 — 0 0 0 3 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 — — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C L E V E L A N D , O H IO .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S Families in survey__ 490 2 33 — — — 1 0 1 17 1 5 78 0 11 124 0 9 116 0 5 97 0 2 28 1 0 13 0 0 7 0 0 5 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 Annual net income of: $500-$600______ $600-$900______ $900-$l,200_____ $1,200-$1,500____ $1,500-$1,800____ $1,800-$2,100____ $2,100-$2,400____ $2,400-$2,700____ $2,700-$3,000____ $3,000-$3,300____ $3,300-$3,600____ $3,600-$3,900____ $3,900-$4,200____ $4,200-$4,500____ 82 — 0 5 20 26 15 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 106 — 0 4 21 32 26 14 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 83 — 0 2 17 21 21 14 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 66 — 0 0 5 20 22 12 3 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 44 29 21 8 — — — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 7 6 2 1 12 8 3 2 13 12 10 4 6 1 2 0 1 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 4 1 — — — 6 0 0 0 0 0 l 0 0 0 0 0 l 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 2 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 110 T able EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 1.— Distribution of families, by economic level and income level— Con. F a m ilie s in su r v e y ____ A n n u a l n e t in com e of: $500-$600__________ $600-$900__________ $900-$1,200________ $1,200-$1,500______ $1,500-$1,800______ $1,800-$2,100______ $2,100-$2,400______ $2,400-$2,700______ $2,700-$3,000______ $3,000-$3,300______ $3,300-$3,600______ 266 7 1 31 72 64 41 35 13 7 0 1 1 0 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 55 — 1 0 11 7 12 17 10 18 3 9 3 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 55 0 7 19 11 2 12 2 1 0 0 1 40 0 2 12 11 8 4 2 1 0 0 0 30 0 0 10 4 5 9 2 0 0 0 0 19 0 1 0 6 6 2 1 3 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 1 6 1 2 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 — ■— 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D E T R O I T , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S F a m ilie s in su r v e y ____ 598 16 59 101 122 100 — A n n u a l n e t in co m e of: — $500-$600__________ 1 0 0 1 0 0 $600-$900__________ 31 6 5 9 7 2 $900-$l,200________ 96 7 18 23 16 22 $1,200-$1,500______ 158 1 26 32 44 21 $1,500-$1,800______ 137 2 8 20 24 30 $1,800-$2,100______ 1 0 0 0 2 11 19 10 $2,100-$2,400............. 41 0 0 4 5 13 $2,400~$2,700 _____ 2 2 0 0 1 6 1 $2,700-$3,000 _____ 6 0 0 0 1 0 $3,000-$3,300______ 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 $3,300~$3,600______ 1 0 0 0 0 $3,600-$3,900______ 2 0 0 0 0 0 76 56 32 19 10 — 0 1 5 18 18 19 8 4 0 1 2 0 0 1 3 11 18 11 3 6 2 0 0 2 4 11 12 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 1 9 3 6 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 c — 0 0 c c c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 G R A N D R A P I D S , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S F a m ilie s in su r v e y ____ A n n u a l n e t in co m e of: $500-$600__________ $600-$900__________ $900-$l,200________ $1,200-^1,500______ $1,500-$1,800______ $1,800-$2,100______ $2,100-$2,400______ $2,400-$2,700______ $2,700-$3,000____ 194 4 43 39 55 19 12 11 4 4 1 1 1 0 — 1 35 62 46 28 17 3 1 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 21 11 2 1 1 0 0 1 10 13 10 4 1 0 0 0 0 8 21 16 7 2 1 0 0 0 5 3 2 4 5 0 0 0 0 1 2 5 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 — 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 ( 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S F a m ilie s in su r v e y ____ A n n u a l n e t in co m e of: $500-$600__________ $600-$900__________ $9 0 0 -$ l,2 0 0 _ .______ $1,200-$1,500______ $1,500-$1,800______ $1,800-$2,100______ $2,100-$2,400______ $2,400-$2,700______ $2,700-$3,000______ $3,000-$3,300______ 203 1 18 49 43 32 29 16 10 2 3 5 — 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 2 14 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 49 1 7 16 15 5 2 1 2 0 0 35 0 5 6 7 6 10 1 0 0 0 35 0 1 7 7 7 4 6 3 0 0 25 0 1 1 9 4 6 2 1 0 1 11 0 0 2 0 2 4 2 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 — 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 — 111 TABULAR SUMMARY T able . 1 — Distribution of families, by economic level and income level— Con. 0 $1,700 to $1,800 $1,400 to $1,500 0 $1,600 to $1,700 $1,300 to $1,400 0 $1,500 to $1,600 $1,200 to $1,300 $1,000 to $1,100 $1,100 to $1,200 $800 to $900 $900 to $1,000 $700 to $800 $600 to $700 $500 to $600 8 £ 0 1CO $400 to $500 $200 to $300 1 $100 to $200 In co m e class A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp e n d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year— I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D ,— N E G R O F A M I L I E S F a m ilie s in su r v e y ____ A n n u a l n et in co m e of: $500-$600__________ $600-$900__________ $900-$1,200________ $1,200-$1,500______ $1,500-$1,800______ $1,800-$2,100______ 101 18 27 24 19 11 1 1 0 — 9 31 42 12 5 2 4 4 8 1 1 0 4 11 9 2 1 0 1 9 8 4 1 1 0 7 8 3 1 0 0 0 8 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 — 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 L A N S I N G , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S F a m ilies in su r v e y ____ A n n u a l n et in co m e of: $500-$600__________ $600-$900__________ $900-$1,200________ $1,200-$1,500______ $1,500-$1,800______ $1,800-$2,100______ $2,100-$2,400______ $2,400-$2,700______ $2,700-83,000______ $3 ,000 $3 ,3 00______ 145 1 27 30 28 20 7 17 — 0 14 34 37 32 22 3 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 14 6 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 9 12 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 7 7 4 4 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 3 11 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 4 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 4 7 — 0 0 0 1 3 3 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 —— 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M I L W A U K E E , W IS .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S Families in survey___ 446 — Annual net income of: $500-$600________ 0 $600-$900________ 14 $900-$1,200______ 79 $1,200-$1,500_____ 114 $1,500-$1,800_____ 125 $1,800-$2,100_____ 75 $2,100-$2,400_____ 22 9 $2,400-$2,700_____ 3 $2,700-$3,000_____ 5 $3,000-$3,300_____ 2 40 — 79 116 66 56 — 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 21 7 6 0 5 18 24 17 1 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 3 9 0 5 20 38 33 16 3 1 0 0 0 1 10 15 18 15 3 3 0 1 0 1 7 18 16 10 1 3 0 0 33 — 0 25 11 3 4 0 1 1 17 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 4 2 5 2 2 1 — — 0 0 9 11 7 5 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 112 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a ble 2.— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L IE S E co n o m ic lev el— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year A ll fam i lies U n - $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 to to to to to to to to an d $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 over Item D is tr ib u tio n by O c c u p a tio n o f C h ie f 1 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ----------------------- ------N u m b e r o f fam ilies in w h ic h chief earner is— C lerical w o rk er_________________________ S k illed w ag e earn er----------------------------S em isk illed w ag e earner_____________ U n sk ille d w a g e earn er________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies com p o sed of— M a n an d w ife __________________________ M a n , w ife, an d 1 ch ild 2_______________ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 ch ild ren 2_____ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren 2__ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d ad u lts (4 to 6 persons) 2_____________________ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore persons) 2_____ ________ M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u lt________________ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts__________ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts____ A d u lts (2 or 3 p erson s n o t in clu d in g m an an d w ife )______ _______ _ A d u lts (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )___________________ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 persons n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife ). A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore persons n o t in c lu d in g m an an d w ife )_____________________________ E a rn e r a n d b y F a m ily T yp e 352 31 72 88 55 42 28 13 10 8 5 95 81 143 33 87 63 62 1 29 9 36 18 1 21 12 9 3 4 19 5 0 1 16 1 4 6 0 0 0 0 1 1 18 11 30 13 3 15 20 0 10 3 6 6 0 3 3 1 31 19 32 6 17 13 18 0 9 0 10 4 0 6 5 5 9 18 24 4 14 17 2 0 4 0 9 5 0 3 0 1 9 11 18 4 5 4 4 0 5 5 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 5 2 3 0 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 4 0 0 5 2 0 3 1 11 9 7 1 15 2 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 5 2 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 .2 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 330 1 12 2 7 31 0 0 0 0 65 1 4 0 2 83 0 4 0 1 52 0 1 1 1 40 0 1 0 1 26 0 1 0 1 12 0 0 1 0 8 0 1 0 1 8 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 352 3. 51 46 1 2 12 3. 37 0.88 2. 49 3.09 0.16 31 5. 52 2 0 0 0 5.44 2. 82 2. 62 4. 76 0.10 72 4.14 7 0 1 1 4.00 1.31 2. 69 3. 61 0.14 88 3. 45 12 0 0 3 3.29 0. 82 2.47 3.03 0.17 55 3.00 6 0 0 2 2.94 0. 44 2.50 2.73 0.11 42 3.01 8 1 0 1 2. 82 0.49 2. 33 2. 61 0.22 28 2.64 5 0 0 3 2.48 0.09 2.39 2. 38 0.18 13 2. 71 1 0 0 0 2.68 0.53 2.15 2.53 0.05 10 2.48 2 0 0 0 2. 30 0 2.30 2.23 0. 21 8 3.05 3 0 0 1 2.75 0 2. 75 2.68 0. 32 5 2.28 0 0 1 1 2.20 0.40 1.80 2.13 0.40 15 9 5 0 2 D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g no h o m e m a k er___ _ __________________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g ho m em a k er born in — U n ite d S tates _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ I ta ly ____ . . . ________ ______________ G e r m a n y .. . . . __ __ . . . . . . _ . . . R u ssia ________ __ _ _ _______________ O t h e r ___________________________________ C o m p o sitio n o f H o u s eh o ld N u m b e r of h o u se h o ld s_________ ______ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld _____________________________________ N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s w ith — B oarders an d lod gers___ ______ B oarders o n ly __________________________ L odgers o n ly ----------------------------------------O ther p erso n s__________________________ A verage size of eco n o m ic fa m ily in — P erson s, to ta l_________________________ U n d er 16 yea rs of a g e_______________ 16 years o f age an d ov er_____________ E x p en d itu r e u n its _____________________ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld n o t m em b ers o f eco n om ic fa m ily . 1 “ C h ild ren ” are d efin ed as p ersons u n d er 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age an d over. 2 F a m ilies of th ese ty p e s are in clu d ed in th e 1917-18 stu d y , C ost of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S tates, B . L . S. B u ll. N o . 357, 1924. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 377. TABULAR SUMMARY 113 T able 2.— Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed E co n o m ic lev el— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year Ite m A ll fam i lies U n der $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 to $800 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,110 to to to an d $900 $1, 000 $1.100 over E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e 352 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ....................... N u m b e r o f fam ilies h a v in g — E a rn in g s of su b sid ia ry earners. 111 N e t earn in gs from boarders 44 an d lo d g ers________ __________ 15 O ther n e t r e n ts______ __________ 29 In terest an d d iv id e n d s ............ .. P en sio n s an d in su ran ce an10 n u itie s________ _____ __________ G ifts from persons o u tsid e 21 eco n o m ic fa m ily ................... .. 13 O ther sources o f in c o m e---------D e d u c tio n s from in co m e (b u sin ess losses an d exp en ses) — 7 S u rp lu s (n et increase in assets 214 an d /or decrease in lia b ilities) D e fic it (n et decrease in assets an d /or in crease in lia b ilities) _ 135 4 In h e r ita n c e ___________________ . A verage n u m b er o f ga in fu l w o rk ers per fa m ily ..................................... 1.41 A verage a m o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e .................... $1, 523 E a rn in g s of in d iv id u a ls_____ 1,468 C h ief earn er_______________ 1, 275 S u b sid ia ry earn ers-----------193 M ales: 16 years an d o v e r .. 1, 248 U n d er 16 y ea rs____ 2 F em ales: 16 years an d o v e r ______ __ 218 U n d er 16 y e a r s ._ (3) N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lo d g e r s ._ . . . . ._ 27 O ther n e t r e n ts________ . . . 5 In terest an d d iv id e n d s. __ __ 4 P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce an n u itie s_____________________ 13 G ifts from persons o u tsid e 2 eco n om ic fa m ily ___________ O ther sources of in c o m e . _ _ 4 D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u sin ess losses an d ex pen ses) ____________________ (3) S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g su r p lu s (n et increase in assets an d /or d ecrease in lia b ilitie s). 166 D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g d eficit (n et decrease in assets an d /or increase in lia b ilitie s). 227 N e t change in assets an d li a b ilities for all fam ilies in su r v e y ________________________ + 1 4 5 In h erita n ce__________ ______ _ 31 7 2 1 0 0 2 0 1 20 11 1 1.35 88 30 9 3 6 1 7 4 4 52 35 0 1.40 55 13 6 2 4 2 1 1 0 33 21 1 1.29 42 11 8 2 2 0 2 1 1 23 19 0 1.36 28 16 4 0 6 0 1 1 1 21 7 0 1.64 13 6 1 1 2 1 3 1 0 5 8 0 1.54 10 4 2 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 7 0 1.50 8 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 1 1.62 5 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 3 0 1.00 $1,164 $1, 375 $1,366 $1, 529 $1, 634 $1, 796 $2,042 $2,044 $2,600 $1, 945 1,146 1,304 1,322 1,483 1,596 1,764 1,958 1,916 2, 575 1, 519 1,089 1,126 1,168 1,379 1,381 1, 393 1,633 1,489 1,818 1, 519 154 104 215 371 325 427 757 57 178 0 1,074 1,109 1,066 1,410 1,449 1,179 1, 733 1,606 2,032 1,179 2 0 10 0 1 0 0 0 0 (3) 72 194 254 73 137 585 225 310 543 340 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3) 12 29 28 37 23 23 65 52 1 25 4 4 21 8 2 3 0 39 0 0 2 9 0 6 3 (3) 8 8 0 0 0 15 5 8 0 0 46 0 0 374 2 5 1 3 3 (3) 5 0 0 0 2 0 6 6 3 (3) 16 3 0 0 0 -1 0 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 137 192 129 171 178 157 342 80 309 87 119 147 130 196 276 319 309 166 +46 16 +95 1 +25 0 +27 2 -2 8 0 +38 0 -5 9 0 (3) 3 L ess th a n $0.50. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 377, 72 22 8 5 8 4 5 4 0 51 20 1 1.46 740 1,222 - 9 3 -2 1 5 -6 9 9 0 125 0 114 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 2 . — Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S Ite m D istr ib u tio n b y A ll fa m i lie s E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per yea r $100 to $200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $600 an d ov er O c c u p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r T yp e 1 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ----------------------------------------N u m b e r of fam ilies in w h ic h ch ief earner is — C lerical w ork er_____________ . ____ S k illed w ag e earner _ ____________________ S e m isk ille d w a g e e a r n e r ._________ ______ __ U n sk ille d w a g e earner------ _ _ --------N u m b e r of fam ilies com p o sed of— M a n an d w ife . _ ________ _________. . . ---------M a n , w ife, an d 1 c h ild . _ --------- --------M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 c h ild r e n ------------------M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren . . . M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 p erson s) __ _______ _______ ________- M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore p erso n s)______________________________ M a n , w ife, a n d 1 a d u lt .. . . ------------------M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts_______________ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts . . . . . . . A d u lts (2 or 3 p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife) __ __ ______________ __ . . . _ A d u lts (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife) . . . _______________ _____ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 p er so n s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife ). . . . . A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife ). _ _ a n d b y F a m ily 100 2 1 18 79 33 14 18 2 12 1 9 2 0 5 0 3 1 10 0 0 1 9 0 0 3 1 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 26 0 0 7 19 0 7 8 1 6 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 26 0 0 4 22 7 4 7 0 3 0 2 0 0 2 0 1 0 19 0 0 4 15 11 1 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 1 0 0 0 11 0 0 2 9 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 8 2 1 0 5 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 100 0 10 0 26 0 26 0 19 0 11 0 8 100 3.46 6 0 3 1 3. 37 1.04 2. 33 3. 05 0.1 0 10 5. 72 0 0 1 0 5. 62 2. 62 3. 00 5. 05 0.10 26 4. 36 1 0 1 0 4. 27 1. 85 2. 42 3. 76 0.10 26 3. 32 3 0 0 0 3.24 0. 99 2. 25 2. 91 0. 09 19 2. 33 0 0 0 1 2.31 0.10 2. 21 2.19 0. 01 11 2. 27 0 0 1 0 2.09 0. 09 2.00 2. 01 8 2. 52 2 0 0 0 2.24 0.12 2.1 2 2.15 0. 38 D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r N u m b e r of fa m ilies h a v in g no h o m em a k er— N u m b e r of fa m ilies h a v in g h o m em a k er b orn in U n ite d S ta te s ______ _ _ _ _ _. . . . __ C o m p o sitio n o f H o u s e h o ld N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s ___________ _ . A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld ____ N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s w ith — B o ard ers an d lo d g e r s .. _______ __ _______ __ B o ard ers o n ly . ______ __________________ _ L od gers o n ly ------ --------------------- -------------O th er p erso n s_____________ _______ ______ A vera g e size of e co n o m ic fa m ily in — P erso n s, to ta l _ _ __________. . . . . . . . . U n d er 16 y ea rs of a g e .___________________ . 16 y ea rs of age an d ov er __ . . . ----------E x p en d itu r e u n its____________________________ A verage n u m b er o f p erson s in h o u seh o ld n o t m em b ers of eco n o m ic fa m ily ________________ 0.18 C h ild r en ” are d efin ed as p erson s u n d er 16 yea rs of age. “ A d u lts” are p erson s 16 y ea rs of age an d over. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 377. 115 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 2 . — Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p e n d itu r e u n it per year Ite m fa m i lie s $100 to $200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $600 an d ov er E a rn in g s an d In c o m e F a m ilie s in su r v e y --------------------------------------------100 N u m b e r of fa m ilie s h a v in g — 21 E a rn in g s of su b sid ia r y earn ers--------------------N e t ea r n in g s fro m boarders an d lo d g e rs____ 8 4 O th er n e t r en ts_______________________________ 1 In te re st an d d iv id e n d s_____ ______ __________ 2 P e n sio n s a n d in su r a n ce a n n u itie s---------------G ifts from p erso n s o u tsid e eco n o m ic fam 3 ily ------------------------ ---------------------------------------0 O th er so u rces o f in c o m e .................................... D e d u c tio n s from in c o m e (b u sin e ss losses 1 an d e x p e n se s)____________________________ __ S u rp lu s (n et in crea se in a sse ts an d /or d e 67 crease in lia b ilitie s) ___________ D e fic it (n et decrease in a ssets an d /or in 31 crease in l i a b i l i t i e s ) __ ___ ___ . . _ __ 0 In h e r ita n c e ___________________________________ A verage n u m b er of g a in fu l w ork ers per fam 1.23 ily — A vera g e a m o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e ___________________________ $1, 010 993 E a rn in g s o f in d iv id u a ls ______ ___________ 935 C h ief earn er____________ _ _________ 58 S u b sid ia ry earners. -----------------------------883 M a les: 16 y ea rs an d o v e r ___________ 9 U n d er 16 years _____________ 101 F em a les: 16 yea rs an d o v e r _____________ 0 U n d e r 16 y e a r s_______________ 13 N e t earn in gs from b oarders an d lo d g e rs. 3 O th er n e t ren ts__________ _ _____. . In te re st an d d iv id e n d s_____________________ (3) 4 P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s----------G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e eco n om ic fa m ily . _ ________________________________ (3) 0 O th er so u rces o f i n c o m e __________________ D e d u c tio n s fro m in co m e (b u sin ess losses -3 an d e x p e n se s).. ------------------------------------S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g su rp lu s (n et increa se in assets an d /or decrease in lia 79 b ilitie s )__ ___________________ ____________ _ D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g d eficit (n et d e crease in assets an d /or in crease in lia b ili 78 t ie s )__________________________________________ N e t ch an g e in a ssets an d lia b ilitie s for all +29 fam ilies in su r v e y __________________ ______ 0 In h e r ita n c e ________________________________ __ * L ess th a n $0.50. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 377. 10 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 9 0 0 1.40 26 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 13 12 0 1.12 26 7 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 18 8 0 1. 27 19 3 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 15 4 0 1.16 11 5 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 8 3 0 1.45 8 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 4 4 0 1.12 $862 830 804 26 760 0 70 0 31 0 0 0 1 0 0 $905 891 861 30 846 0 45 0 12 2 0 0 0 0 0 $1, 009 1, 001 936 65 896 0 105 0 6 0 0 2 $978 968 939 29 890 49 29 0 0 10 0 0 $1, 399 1, 364 1,237 127 1, 012 0 352 0 33 0 0 38 0 0 $1,161 1,135 997 138 946 0 189 0 19 7 (3) 0 0 0 0 53 73 72 69 105 165 0 +48 0 57 +11 0 99 +19 0 112 +31 0 18 +72 0 110 +28 0 0 0 0 (3) (3) 0 -3 6 116 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 2 . — Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L IE S Item E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp e n d in g per exp en d itu re u n it year A ll fam U n $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 ilies der to to to to to to to to to $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 $1,200 per $1,200 an d over D istr ib u tio n b y O c c u p a tio n o f C h ie f E a rn er an d b y F a m ily T y p e 1 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ______ _________ N u m b e r of fam ilies in w h ic h chief earner is— C lerical w ork er------- _ _ _____ S k illed w a g e earn er____ _______ S em isk illed w a g e e a r n e r ..- ____ U n sk ille d w ag e earn er. _______ N u m b e r of fam ilies com p o sed of— M a n an d w ife . ________________ M a n , w ife, an d 1 ch ild 2_ ______ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 ch ild ren 2._ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch il dren 2____ __ . . . ______ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 persons) 2. M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore persons) 2__. M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u lt._ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts___ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts. A d u lts (2 or 3 persons, n o t in clu d in g m a n an d w ife ). . . ____ A d u lts (4 or m ore persons, n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )_____ A d u lt or ad u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 p erson s, n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife ). . . ___________ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s, n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife ). . . _ _ 490 35 82 106 83 66 44 29 21 8 5 11 110 136 205 39 124 109 103 4 48 9 28 29 1 18 7 1 7 19 8 1 1 10 3 10 5 0 3 0 1 0 16 22 37 7 1 12 33 20 23 57 6 6 27 35 22 26 28 7 14 28 14 20 18 22 6 26 21 6 13 18 13 0 19 13 2 4 9 14 2 21 3 2 7 6 7 1 15 3 1 2 1 2 0 4 1 0 1 17 3 2 7 1 1 2 0 15 1 5 9 0 5 1 0 4 0 8 7 0 5 1 0 2 0 7 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 3 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 4 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 14 17 11 10 8 9 1 87 13 3 0 2 1 0 2 0 14 57 0 1 4 0 1 2 0 17 65 5 4 2 7 1 0 1 21 52 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 18 48 1 5 0 1 1 0 0 10 37 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 2 21 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 4 19 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 7 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 490 35 82 106 83 66 44 29 3.64 5. 57 4. 57 3.80 3. 53 3.02 2.97 2. 60 4 9 77 7 15 17 13 6 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 11 0 1 1 5 0 0 4 4 4 29 3 3 1 7 21 2. 46 8 2.28 5 2. 03 1 0 1 2 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 11 2. 31 2 0 0 0 2.40 0.26 2.14 2.23 2.39 0.26 2.13 2.31 2.00 0 2.00 1.95 2.20 0.20 2.00 2.14 2.09 0.09 2.00 2.02 0.20 0.10 0.11 0.15 0. 34 0. 25 0. 30 0. 21 0.08 0. 30 (3) 0. 24 D istrib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m aker N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g no h o m em a k er______________ __ . . . N u m b e r o f fam ilies h a v in g h o m e m ak er born in — U n ite d S ta te s. ._ ____________ I ta ly ______________________________ G erm an y. ____ _ ______ P o la n d ____ ____________________ R u s s ia .. __ _. _ . . . _ ______ E n g la n d ___________ ____________ Irela n d _______________ ________ S w e d e n ___________________________ O th er______ ______ _____________ C o m p o sitio n o f H o u seh o ld N u m b e r of h o u se h o ld s____ __ A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld ______________________ N u m b e r of h o u seh old s w ith — B oard ers and lod gers_________ B oard ers o n ly _________________ L od gers o n l y ... ____________ O ther p erson s................................... A verage size of eco n om ic fa m ily in — P erso n s, to ta l__________________ U n d er 16 years of ag e___ _ 16 years of age an d o v e r ____ E x p en d itu re u n its ____________ A verage n u m b er of persons in h ou seh old n ot m em b ers of eco n om ic fa m ily ____________ 3. 46 0.98 2. 48 3.17 5. 50 2.25 3. 25 4.95 4.5 0 1. 66 2.84 4.04 3.74 1. 21 2. 53 3.41 3. 21 0.77 2.44 2. 95 2.79 0.58 2. 21 2.58 2.70 0.44 2. 26 2. 55 1 “ C h ild ren ” are d efin ed as persons u n d er 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age an d ov er. 2 F a m ilies of th ese ty p e s are in clu d ed in th e 1917-18 stu d y , C ost of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S tates, B . L . S. B u ll. N o . 357, 1924. 3 L ess th a n 0.005 person s. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 377. TABULAR SUMMARY T able 2 . — Description 117 of families studied, by economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year Item A ll fam ilies U n $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 $1,200 der to to to to to to to to to an d $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 $1,200 over E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e F am ilies in su r v e y . __ __ _ _ 490 N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — E a rn in gs of su b sid ia ry ea rn ers.. 168 N e t earn in gs from boarders an d 85 lod gers __ ._ __ __ _________ 41 O ther n e t r en ts_________ __ . . . In terest an d d iv id e n d s_________ 122 P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce an n u i13 ties ___________________ __ . . . G ifts from person s o u tsid e eco67 n o m ic fa m ily _______ . . . _. __ 32 O ther sources of in c o m e _______ D e d u ctio n s from in com e (busi23 n ess losses an d e x p e n se s)_____ S u rp lu s (n et increase in assets an d/or decrease in lia b ilitie s). 283 D e fic it (n et decrease in assets an d/or increase in liab ilities) _ 204 8 In h erita n ce __ ________ _. . . . A verage n u m b er of ga in fu l w ork ers per fa m ily ____________________ 1.43 D o t. A verage a m o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e .. . . . ____ 1, 611 E a rn in gs of in d iv id u a ls _____ 1, 552 C h ief earner_________________ 1,403 S u b sid ia ry earn ers___ ____ 149 M ales: 16 yea rs an d o v e r ... 1,378 U n d er 16 y e a rs. __ 0 F em a les: 16 years an d over 174 U n d er 16 y e a r s ._ _ 0 N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lo d g ers. ____________ 30 8 O ther n e t r e n ts. _________ 4 In terest an d d iv id e n d s_______ P en sio n s an d in su ran ce a n n u itie s____________ _____ ____ 7 G ifts from p ersons o u tsid e eco n om ic fa m ily ___________ 6 8 O ther sources of in c o m e ______ D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u sin ess losses an d ex p e n se s). . . _______ . . . - 4 S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g sur p lu s (n et increase in assets an d/or decrease in lia b ilities) __ 156 D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g defi cit (net decrease in assets an d /or increase in lia b ilities) _ _ 219 N e t ch an g e in assets an d lia b il ities for all fam ilies in s u r v e y .. - 1 9 In h erita n ce _ ________________ 35 82 106 83 66 44 29 15 30 32 22 20 17 10 4 8 16 22 13 10 6 4 4 2 6 7 11 7 6 6 22 27 20 23 11 2 2 2 0 1 5 0 4 18 11 10 13 5 1 3 1 6 5 8 5 1 4 4 4 1 1 5 1 23 48 60 50 40 29 17 12 33 46 31 26 15 12 0 1 1 3 1 0 0 1.60 1.51 1.42 1.30 1.36 1. 45 1.38 J D o l. D o l. 1,232 1,414 1,159 1, 368 1,082 1, 266 77 102 995 1, 268 2 0 162 100 0 0 28 12 16 8 2 3 20 19 9 3 5 3 D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. 1, 585 1,663 1, 855 1,827 1,503 1,599 1, 787 1,783 1,378 1,472 1,584 1, 583 125 127 203 200 1,311 1,467 1, 606 1,538 1 0 0 0 191 132 181 245 0 0 0 0 50 38 48 20 4 5 12 8 4 5 3 3 6 0 3 6 0 2 10 7 5 6 3 20 7 14 5 D o l. 1,957 1,941 1,706 235 1,778 0 163 0 7 0 2 0 1 6 8 5 2 0 2 0 1 1 1 2 6 1 1.62 D o l. 1,875 1,846 1,497 349 1,497 0 349 0 24 0 2 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 1.60 D o l. 2,138 2,138 1,827 311 1,827 0 311 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 0 11 6 2 0 2 1 3 0 1 4 7 1 1. 55 D o l. 2,466 2, 384 1,873 511 1,873 0 511 0 32 0 24 22 5 0 -1 -8 -2 -5 -4 -1 1 -2 101 129 150 177 161 174 184 95 +33 0 178 +4 0 200 170 135 302 297 426 278 296 533 - 2 + 4 3 + 4 5 + 1 1 - 1 5 -1 6 5 -1 2 5 -2 9 6 -2 2 5 0 0 1 0 18 0 3 3 L ess th a n $0.50. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 377. D o l. 1, 512 1,459 1,331 128 1,284 (3) 175 0 27 12 2 21 8 2 0 3 0 1 2 1 10 11 0 1.38 24 0 122 -1 0 -1 333 0 315 76 118 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 2 . — Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S A ll fam i lies Ite m D istr ib u tio n by O c c u p a tio n o f D istrib u tio n by $100 to $200 $200 to $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $700 to $800 $600 to $700 $800 $900 to an d $900 ov er C h ie f i F a m ilie s in s u r v e y _______________ _____ N u m b e r of fam ilies in w h ic h ch ief earner is— C lerical w o r k e r _____________________. S k illed w ag e earn er_____________ ____ S em isk illed w ag e earner--------------------U n sk ille d w age earner— --------------------N u m b e r of fam ilies com p o sed of— M a n an d w ife __ --------------------------------M a n , w ife, an d 1 ch ild 2_______ ______ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 ch ild ren 2 ------M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren 2__ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 p e r so n s )2 -----------------------------M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore p e r so n s )2------------------------M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u lt____________ _ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts .- __ . . . M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts_____ A d u lts (2 or 3 p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )_______________________ A d u lts (4 or m ore persons n o t in clu d in g m a n a n d w ife )__________ __ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 persons n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )-------- --------------------- -------------A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )____________________ ______ E a rn er a n d b y F a m ily E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g p er e x p en d itu re u n it per year T yp e 266 7 41 55 55 40 30 19 11 8 70 75 95 26 76 56 36 1 23 9 25 16 0 12 4 2 0 3 2 0 0 1 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 3 8 21 9 1 7 6 0 14 4 2 2 0 2 11 21 19 4 11 15 10 0 3 0 5 4 0 2 2 15 13 10 2 15 10 3 0 0 1 8 2 0 1 0 13 7 8 2 19 7 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 4 9 5 1 11 3 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 4 2 4 1 8 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 2 3 0 0 15 13 22 5 3 13 14 0 4 2 5 6 0 4 2 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 258 2 3 2 7 0 0 0 37 2 1 0 53 0 1 1 55 0 0 0 39 0 1 0 30 0 0 0 18 0 0 1 11 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 266 3. 62 46 3 15 15 3. 33 0.8 8 2. 45 3.10 0. 31 7 6.64 0 0 0 0 6. 64 3. 24 3. 40 6.00 0 41 4.82 8 0 3 0 4. 51 1. 72 2.79 4.17 0.31 55 4.08 12 0 2 4 3. 72 1.11 2. 61 3. 44 0. 37 N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g n o h o m e m ak er_____________________ . _____ _ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g h o m em a k er b orn in — U n ite d S ta te s________. . . __________ ._ I t a l y . . . -------------------------------------G erm a n y — ______ __ ____ _____ O th er_________________ ------------------C o m p o sitio n o f H o u s e h o ld N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s _____ _____ A v erage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld _____________________________________ N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s w ith — B oarders an d lo d g e r s ._ -------------- . . . B oarders o n ly _______ __ ____ _ L od gers o n ly . _ _ _ _ _ ______________ O ther p e r s o n s . . . _________________ __ A verage size of eco n o m ic fa m ily in — P erso n s, to ta l--------------------------------------U n d er 16 yea rs of a g e . . . . . ____ 16 yea rs of age an d ov er------------------E x p en d itu r e u n its------------------ --------A vera g e n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld n o t m em b ers of eco n o m ic fa m ily . 55 40 30 19 11 8 3. 61 2. 97 2.82 2. 62 2. 56 1.99 4 6 2 13 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 4 2 0 2 0 1 1 2 6 1 0 3.24 2. 75 2. 44 2. 36 2. 26 2. 01 0. 77 0. 48 0. 29 0.31 0. 33 0. 02 2. 47 2. 27 2.15 2. 05 1.93 1.99 3. 06 2. 61 2. 28 2. 24 2.15 1. 96 0. 37 0.24 0. 40 0. 27 0. 33 0 1 “ C h ild r en ” are d efin ed as p erson s u n d er 16 y ea rs of ag e. “ A d u lts” are p erson s 16 y ea rs of age an d o v er. 2 F a m ilie s o f th ese ty p e s are in c lu d e d in th e 1917-18 s tu d y , C o st of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S ta tes, B . L . S. B u ll. N o . 357, 1924. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 377. TABULAR SUMMARY T able 119 2 . — Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed A ll fa m i lies Ite m E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per e x p en d itu re u n it per year $200 to $300 $100 to $200 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 to $800 $800 $900 to an d $900 ov er E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e 266 F a m ilie s in s u r v e y ------------------------------N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — 72 E a rn in g s of su b sid ia r y earners----------N e t ea rn in gs from b oard ers an d 61 lo d g e r s_______________________________ 16 O th er n e t r en ts--------------------------------- 8 In te r e st a n d d iv id e n d s----------------------P en sio n s an d in su r a n ce a n n u itie s-----9 G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e e co n o m ic 19 fa m ily -----------------------------------------------16 O th er so u rces o f in c o m e ______________ D e d u c tio n s from in co m e (b u sin e ss lo sses an d e x p e n se s)____________ . . _ 10 S u rp lu s (n et in crea se in assets an d /or decrease in lia b ilitie s ) -------------- . . 168 D e fic it (n et d ecrease in assets an d /or 85 increa se in lia b ilit ie s ) ______________ 2 In h erita n ce------------------------------------------A vera g e n u m b er of g a in fu l w ork ers per fa m ily ---------------------------------------------------- 1.33 A verage a m o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in co m e---------- -----$1, 400 E a rn in g s of in d iv id u a ls ---------------- 1, 321 C h ief e a r n e r ______________________ 1,203 S u b sid ia ry earners-----------------------118 M a les: 16 y ea rs an d ov er _____ 1,170 U n d er 16 y e a r s ___________ 0 F em a les: 16 y ea rs an d o v e r ---------- 151 U n d er 16 yea rs ________ (3) N e t earn in gs from boarders an d 41 lo d g ers____________________________ O ther n e t ren ts_____________________ 10 In te re st an d d iv id e n d s_____________ 1 P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s. _ 9 G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e eco 4 n o m ic fa m ily . _______ . . . . . O ther sou rces of in c o m e ____ . . . . 17 D e d u c tio n s from in co m e (b u sin ess losses an d e x p e n se s)______________ -3 S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g su rp lu s (n et increase in assets an d /or d e crease in liab ilities) ___ _____ . . . . 174 D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g d e fic it (n et d ecrease in assets an d /or in crease in lia b ilitie s)__________________ __ __ 208 N e t ch an g e in assets an d lia b ilitie s for all fam ilies in s u r v e y ___________ + 4 3 In h e r ita n c e. . . . . . . . . . _. __ . . . 3 3 L ess th a n $0.50. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 377. 5 3 4 8 5 °— 40- -9 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 0 1.19 41 55 55 40 12 10 3 1 2 3 4 0 32 8 2 1.40 18 16 4 0 1 5 4 1 35 15 0 1. 41 17 15 5 2 3 5 1 5 37 17 0 1.41 10 6 1 1 2 4 3 1 22 18 0 1.27 30 4 9 2 3 0 2 0 2 16 13 0 1.16 19 11 3 2 1 0 0 0 2 0 10 6 0 1.17 3 3 0 1 1 0 1 0 6 4 0 1.39 8 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 4 3 0 1. 25 $997 $1,174 $1, 272 $1, 433 $1, 376 $1, 560 $1,706 $1,779 $1,856 997 1,068 1,181 1,366 1,313 1,509 1, 637 1, 610 1, 787 981 961 1, 063 1,207 1, 218 1, 457 1, 566 1,313 1, 562 16 107 118 159 95 52 71 297 225 997 953 1, 021 1,139 1,204 1,443 1,514 1, 256 1, 563 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 114 160 227 109 66 123 354 224 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 56 39 41 35 13 75 0 12 12 4 24 0 12 10 0 0 0 (3) 0 1 (3) 1 0 0 3 9 0 3 18 0 18 0 6 0 1 0 4 4 2 10 0 0 0 34 17 (3) 4 0 32 76 0 85 0 -1 0 -7 -6 -5 -7 0 0 65 168 162 200 105 284 203 12 109 + 54 +110 22 0 98 +76 0 226 +65 0 236 -4 8 0 203 +63 0 278 +19 0 136 173 343 523 —30, - 1 2 8 0 i ° 120 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 2 , — Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued D E T R O I T , M IC H .— W H I T E F A M I L IE S E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s A ll fam i lies $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 to to to to to $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 Ite m sp e n d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 to to to to to an d $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 ov er D istr ib u tio n b y O c c u p a tio n o f C h ie f E a rn er and by F a m ily T yp eA F a m ilie s in su r v e y ________________ 598 F a m ilie s in w h ic h ch ief earner is— 138 C lerical w o r k e r _________________ S k ille d w a g e earn er______ _____ _ 186 230 S em isk illed w a g e earner________ 44 U n sk ille d w ag e earner__________ N u m b e r of fam ilies com p osed of— 121 M a n an d w ife _________________ 128 M a n , w ife, an d 1 ch ild 2________ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 ch ild ren 2_ 130 M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore c h il 8 dren 2_ ________________________ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d 65 a d u lts (4 to 6 p erson s)2. _ _ . _ _ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d 28 a d u lts (7 or m ore p erson s)2. __ 49 M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u l t _______ 27 M a m w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts___ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore 1 a d u lts___ __ __ ____________ A d u lts (2 or 3 persons, n o t in 28 clu d in g m a n an d w ife )............. A d u lts (4 or m ore person s, n o t 4 in c lu d in g m a n an d w i f e ) ... A d u lt or a d u lts a n d ch ild ren (2 or 3 person s, n o t in c lu d in g 3 m a n an d w ife ) . _ __ . . . ____ A d u lt or a d u lts a n d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s, n o t in c lu d 6 in g m a n an d w if e ) .................... D istr ib u tio n 16 2 2 9 3 0 1 2 1 4 8 0 0 0 0 0 59 101 122 7 15 29 17 28 28 25 50 54 10 8 11 2 0 5 1 15 35 29 45 30 3 4 0 10 17 22 12 7 1 0 0 14 1 4 10 0 1 0 4 0 1 2 0 0 100 31 35 29 5 20 38 14 56 14 18 23 1 26 13 1 0 1 0 6 2 0 7 0 32 19 1 76 15 29 28 4 23 20 9 0 3 0 11 3 0 4 1 13 9 8 2 16 2 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 7 0 7 10 2 0 13 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 10 3 5 2 0 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 10 7 0 2 7 2 5 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 431 11 9 20 6 34 19 1 1 1 7 58 9 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 38 3 0 4 0 2 1 0 0 0 2 9 73 4 2 5 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 9 94 1 0 3 1 6 2 1 0 0 0 14 66 0 3 2 2 9 9 0 0 0 1 8 53 1 1 2 1 8 2 0 0 0 1 7 46 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 1 4 26 0 0 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 13 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 3 9 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m aker F a m ilie s h a v in g n o h o m em a k er. _ F a m ilie s h a v in g h om em a k er born in — U n ite d S ta te s______ __ _________ I ta ly ------------------------ ---------------G er m a n y _____________ ___________ P o la n d ____ . . . . _____________ R u s s ia .. . . . __ _ . . . __________ C an a d a (n ot F r e n c h )___________ E n g la n d . __ _ . . . _________ Irela n d ____________ __ _________ M e x ic o .. _________________________ S w e d e n ________________________ __ C an ad a (F ren ch ) . . . . . . _ . . . O th er_________________ _________ C o m p o sitio n o f H o u seh o ld N u m b e r of h o u se h o ld s. __ . . . _ _ 598 16 59 101 122 100 76 56 32 19 10 A v erage n u m b er of persons in 3.84 6. 96 5.66 4. 82 3. 83 3. 36 3. 05 2.89 2. 48 2. 43 2.15 h o u se h o ld ___________ __ _____ N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s w ith — 1 B oard ers an d lod gers_______ __ 85 8 13 12 16 10 15 5 5 0 B oarders o n ly ._______ __ . . . _ 6 0 3 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 22 L od gers o n ly _____________ __ _. 1 1 4 3 6 2 3 1 0 0 34 2 O ther p erson s______. . . _________ 0 8 5 3 5 2 3 5 1 A verage size of econ om ic fam ily in: P erso n s, to ta l____________________ 3. 66 6. 91 5.49 4. 69 3. 72 3.17 2. 86 2. 55 2. 30 2. 21 2.14 U n d er 16 years of ag e-----------1.18 3. 44 2.74 2.04 1.13 0. 82 0. 55 0. 31 0.07 0.13 0.13 16 years of age an d o v e r . _ _ __ 2. 48 3. 47 2.75 2. 65 2.59 2. 35 2. 31 2.24 2.23 2.08 2. 01 E x p en d itu re u n its_______________ 3. 37 6. 32 4.88 4. 22 3. 42 2.90 2. 68 2. 48 2.20 2.16 2.12 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u seh old n o t m em b ers of eco n o m ic fa m ily _____________________ 0.20 0. 05 0.20 0.16 0.15 0. 22 0. 21 0.38 0.23 0.24 0.04 1 “ C h ild ren ” are d efin ed as persons u n d er 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age an d 2 F a m ilies of th ese ty p e s are in clu d ed in th e 1917-18 stu d y , C ost of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S tates, B . B u ll. N o . 357, 1924. N o te s o n th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 377. 7 2.20 0 1 1 0 2.03 0 2.03 2. 02 0.18 over. L . S. 121 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 2 . — Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued D E T R O I T , M I C H — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed Ite m E co n o m ic lev el— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year A ll fam i lies $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 to to to to to to to to to to an d $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 ov er E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e F a m ilies in su r v e y ___ ___ ______ N u m b e r o f fam ilies h a v in g — E a rn in g s of su b sid ia ry ea rn ers._ N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lo d gers______ __ _______ O ther n e t r en ts__________________ In terest an d d iv id e n d s____ __ P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u i tie s. ____________________________ G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e eco n o m ic fa m ily ._ ____________ O ther sources of in c o m e . _ . . _ D e d u c tio n s from in co m e (b u si n ess losses an d e x p e n se s)_____ S u rp lu s (n et increase in assets an d/or decrease in lia b ilitie s). D e fic it (n et decrease in assets an d/or increase in lia b ilities) __ In h e r ita n c e . __ _ _ ___ A verage n u m b er of ga in fu l w ork ers per fa m ily ____________________ A verage a m o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e __ _________ E a rn in gs of in d iv id u a ls— ___ C h ief earner_________________ S u b sid ia ry earn ers----------M ales: 16 years an d o v e r ... U n d er 16 y e a r s .. _ F em a les: 16 years an d o v e r. U n d er 16 y e a r s .__ N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lod gers_________________ O ther n e t r en ts________________ In terest an d d iv id e n d s_____ P en sio n s an d in su ran ce a n n u itie s_____ ___ _ __ G ifts from persons o u tsid e eco n om ic fa m ily _____________ O ther sources of in c o m e . _ __ D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u sin ess losses an d ex p e n se s)____________________ __ S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g sur p lu s (net increase in assets an d/or decrease in lia b ilitie s). D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g deficit (n et decrease in assets and/or in crease in lia b ilitie s). . . . . N e t ch an ge in assets an d lia b ilities for all fam ilies in su r v e y _____________________________ In h erita n ce________________ . _ 598 168 100 55 24 12 50 27 28 340 241 6 1.35 D o l. 16 59 101 122 100 76 56 32 5 23 33 31 17 19 12 11 1 10 20 12 20 12 14 5 2 6 3 5 11 11 5 10 2 2 2 7 5 3 3 0 2 2 1 5 0 0 1 1 2 9 10 10 9 5 1 0 2 3 6 4 0 2 1 7 2 3 11 4 5 3 0 0 9 42 58 68 63 42 32 13 7 15 40 54 34 29 22 18 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1.45 1.54 1.45 1.33 1.22 1.32 1.23 1. 35 D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. 1,954 1,854 1,662 192 1, 558 0 296 0 54 14 0 0 28 4 10 7 0 9 0 0 1 1 0 2 8 0 1. 66 D o l. 2,053 2,032 1, 624 408 1, 572 0 460 0 0 0 0 0 3 18 7 5 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 5 0 1.71 D o l. 2,487 2,416 1,934 482 1,894 0 522 0 45 24 0 0 2 0 -2 0 0 -1 -3 -2 -2 -2 -3 0 0 0 148 86 97 126 158 146 180 173 199 180 256 182 206 207 117 240 156 185 224 180 267 355 262 334 +1 -4 2 + 40 -2 2 +19 + 29 +14 +28 -6 9 4 2 2 1 3 0 0 25 0 3 L ess th a n $0.50. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 377, D o l. 1,571 1,047 1, 301 1, 390 1, 525 1, 576 1, 732 1, 780 1, 756 1, 515 1,028 1,241 1,339 1,480 1, 524 1,694 1,690 1,663 1, 386 983 1,119 1,200 1,363 1,436 1, 550 1,583 1,537 129 45 122 139 117 88 144 107 126 1,372 965 1,162 1,217 1,365 1,447 1, 569 1, 474 1,324 12 4 (3) (3) 0 0 0 (3) (3) 143 51 75 121 115 77 125 216 339 1 (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3) 30 8 39 25 16 35 27 49 35 9 2 8 4 8 8 12 19 7 2 2 3 16 0 1 (3) 1 (3) 7 5 14 (3) 0 23 7 0 7 2 6 0 7 6 3 8 5 4 4 8 3 0 15 5 4 2 8 19 5 4 1 0 0 2 1 0 10 9 1 1.29 -7 3 -1 5 8 -2 1 3 6 0 0 122 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 2.— Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued G R A N D R A P I D S , M IC H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S Ite m D istr ib u tio n by O c c u p a tio n o f D istr ib u tio n U n d er $300 to $300 $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $700 to $800 $600 to $700 $800 an d ov er C h ie f E a r n e r i F a m ilie s in su r v e y _ _ . . . _______ ________ N u m b e r of fam ilies in w h ich ch ief earner is— C lerical w o rk er. _ ______ _______ __ _______ S k illed w ag e e a r n e r .____ _______________ S em isk illed w ag e earner_____ _______ U n sk ille d w ag e earner, _ ___________ N u m b e r of fam ilies co m p o sed of— M a n an d w ife __________ ____ M a n , w ife, an d 1 ch ild 2 __ ______ M a n , w ife, a n d 2 t o 4 ch ild ren 2____ . . . . M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren 2 ______ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren a n d a d u lts (4 to 6 p erson s) 2_ __ . . . ____________ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore p e r s o n s )2______ ___________ M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u lt. _______ ___________ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts_____________ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts .. _ ____ A d u lts (2 or 3 p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m an an d w if e ) .. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . ____. . . A d u lts (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m an an d w ife) _ _ _______ __ A d u lt or a d u lts a n d ch ild ren (2 or 3 p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )________ . . . A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m an an d w ife )____ a n d b y F a m ily E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per e x p en d itu re u n it per year A ll fa m i lies T yp e 194 47 9 12 20 6 0 1 24 1 10 5 3 2 0 0 1 0 0 39 5 12 19 3 1 13 15 0 2 0 3 1 0 2 1 1 0 55 16 14 19 6 12 14 12 0 1 0 7 5 0 3 1 0 0 19 6 7 4 2 10 4 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 12 4 2 5 1 8 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 11 5 2 3 1 7 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 11 48 52 74 20 47 37 53 1 15 5 14 10 0 7 3 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 173 2 4 1 1 12 40 0 4 0 0 3 32 1 0 0 0 6 54 0 0 0 0 1 15 0 0 0 1 2 10 1 0 1 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 194 3. 67 33 0 5 15 3. 52 1.08 2.44 3. 23 0. 21 47 5.30 10 0 1 4 5.08 2.1 2 2. 96 4. 55 0.2 4 39 3.7 0 2 0 2 4 3. 63 1.29 2. 34 3. 33 0.13 3.24 11 0 0 6 3.1 2 0. 76 2. 36 2. 87 0.19 55 19 2.95 4 0 0 1 2. 84 0. 68 2.16 2. 67 0.20 12 2. 52 1 0 1 0 2. 42 0. 21 2. 21 2. 31 0.15 11 2.4 4 2 0 0 0 2. 42 0.21 2. 21 2. 33 0. 21 11 2. 37 3 0 1 0 2. 01 0. 05 1. 96 1. 96 0.47 3 3 4 1 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g n o h o m e m a k er . _ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g h o m em a k er b orn in — U n ite d S ta tes . . . . . . _____________ . . . . __________ G e r m a n y _____________ P o la n d . __________ . . . _____ C an ad a (n o t F r e n c h )__ ______ . . . _ _ __ S w e d en _ ._ . . . _____________ _ _ __ O ther______ ______ . . . . . . . _____________ C o m p o sitio n o f H o u s eh o ld N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s . . . . __ __ . . . _____ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u seh o ld ____ N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s w ith — B oarders an d lo d g e r s. _ _ . . . ___________ B o ard ers o n l y ____ ___________________ ____ L od gers o n l y ________________________________ O th er p erso n s______________________ ______ A vera g e size of e co n o m ic fa m ily in — P erso n s, t o t a l. _________ _________ ____ U n d er 16 yea rs of a g e . _ ______ 16 years of age an d o v e r ___________________ E x p en d itu r e u n i t s ______ . . . ___________ A v erage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u seh o ld n o t m em b ers of eco n om ic fa m ily _ _ ______ __ i “ C h ild r en ” are d efin ed as p erson s u n d er 16 y ea rs of age. “ A d u lts” are p erson s 16 y ea rs o f age an d ov er. 3 F a m ilie s of th ese ty p e s are in c lu d e d in th e 1917-18 stu d y , C o st of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S ta tes, B , L . S. B u ll. N o . 357, 1924. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 377. 123 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 2 . — Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued G R A N D R A P ID S , M IC H .— W H IT E F A M IL IE S — C ontinued Item A ll fam i lies E conom ic level—F am ilies spending per expenditure u n it per year U nder $300 to $300 $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $700 to $800 $600 to $700 $800 and over E a r n in g s a n d In co m e 194 F am ilies in s u r v e y ------------ ---------------------47 N u m b er of fam ilies having— 14 E arnings of su bsidiary earners_________ __ 58 32 N e t earnings from boarders and lodgers. __ 10 13 3 O ther n et ren ts____________ ________ ______ 2 16 In terest and d ividends _____ . . . ___ 4 P ensions and insurance a n n u ities. _______ 0 G ifts from persons outside econom ic fam ily. 29 9 7 1 O ther sources of incom e D ed u ctions from incom e (business losses 1 8 and expenses) _______ _______ _ ______ Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de 99 31 crease in lia b ilities). . . _______________ D eficit (net decrease in assets and/or in 90 16 crease in liabilities) __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ 2 1 Inheritance----- --------------------------------------A verage num ber of gainful w orkers per 1.36 1.42 fam ily----------------- ------------------ ------Average am ount of— N e t fam ily in c o m e --------- . ------------ $1, 256 $1,127 E arnings of in d iv id u a ls. __ ___________ 1, 224 1,082 991 C hief earner___________________________ 1,110 114 91 Subsidiary e a r n e r s _______ _______ . 994 M ales: 16 years and over ___________ 1,083 0 0 U nder 16 years. . . . -----------141 88 F em ales: 16 years and o ver----------------0 U nder 16 years. _ _________ 0 28 N et earnings from boarders and lodgers __ 17 7 5 O ther net ren ts__________________________ 1 2 Interest and d ivid en d s. _______________ 4 0 P ensions and insurance annuities G ifts from persons outside econom ic 6 9 fa m ily .__ ________ _. . . . _. -----------1 2 O ther sources of in com e. _ ___________ D ed u ctions from incom e (business -5 losses and expenses) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (3) Surplus per fam ily having surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in 93 119 liab ilities)___ _________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D eficit per fam ily havin g deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in 173 84 liabilities) _______________ __ . N et change in assets and liabilities for + 33 all fam ilies in su rvey _. .__ _______ __ -2 0 1 3 Inheritance __ _ ________ _ _________ 3 Less than $0.50. N otes on th is table are in appendix A , p. 377. 39 11 4 5 4 0 2 1 55 16 9 3 4 2 14 3 19 4 4 12 11 5 0 1 0 0 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 0 1 0 11 4 1 0 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 3 2 18 19 24 29 8 6 6 6 0 10 0 6 0 0 0 1.32 1.33 1. 25 1. 51 1. 46 1.33 $1,115 1,087 1,008 79 986 $1,192 1,152 1, 071 81 1,027 0 125 0 19 7 $1, 411 $1, 501 $1, 671 1,404 1,455 1,691 1,305 1,203 1,481 99 252 210 1, 305 1,110 1, 470 0 0 0 99 345 221 $1, 716 1, 673 1, 380 293 1, 316 0 357 1 0 101 0 11 12 4 0 1 6 1 7 0 -2 121 142 -1 3 (3) (3) 0 11 0 1 0 5 0 10 10 1 0 6 10 1 0 23 2 (3) -6 0 -37 106 171 166 211 185 -5 1 180 -2 3 145 366 -5 1 2 0 0 1 0 (3) +10 0 0 0 5 0 21 0 2 16 25 0 -21 95 337 -101 0 124 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able %.— Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued IN D IA N A P O L IS , I N D .— W H IT E F A M IL IE S Item A ll fam i lies E conom ic level— Fam ilies spending per expenditure u n it per year $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $ 1,000 to to to to to to to to and $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $ 1,000 over $100 $200 to $200 Distributionby Occupationof Chief Earner andby Family Type 1 F am ilies in su rvey _ ---------------------------N um ber of fam ilies in w hich chief earner is— Clerical w orker. __________________ . Skilled w age earner______ . . . _ . Sem iskilled wage earner_______________ U nskilled wage earn er_______________ N um ber of fam ilies com posed of— M an and w ife. . . ___________ M an, wife, and 1 child 2 ___ _______ M an, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2______ M an, wife, and 6 or m ore children 2__. M an , w ife, and children and adults (4 to 6 persons) 2 ____________ _ . . . M an, wife, and children and adults (7 or more persons) 2__. ------------M an, wife, and 1 a d u lt. ______ ___ M an, wife, and 2 to 4 ad u lts__________ M an, wife, and 5 or m ore a d u lt s _____ A dults (2 or 3 persons not including m an and w ife)__________ ______ ______ A dults (4 or more persons not includ ing m an and w ife)____ ___________ A dult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons not including m an and w ife). A dult or adults and children (4 or more persons not including m an and w ife)___ _____________ ___________ 203 51 53 70 29 47 38 35 3 27 2 18 12 0 5 0 0 21 7 49 35 35 25 11 6 7 8 10 11 11 11 12 8 8 8 6 2 2 6 1 2 2 2 0 4 4 5 5 6 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 2 1 9 1 2 1 2 8 4 13 17 0 0 0 1 8 2 5 10 15 0 6 6 0 0 4 8 10 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 2 1 0 0 6 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 3 1 11 4 3 0 3 4 4 7 9 2 0 4 0 3 7 9 1 0 3 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 15 0 1 2 5 1 3 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 194 1 3 5 21 0 0 0 0 0 48 32 32 24 11 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 0 1 0 0 0 21 49 35 35 25 11 6 4.80 3.94 3.68 3.28 2.79 2.65 2.17 4 2 1 5 3 3 0 7 2. 01 9 2.43 4 5 3.49 3.21 2. 70 2.45 2.17 .94 .53 .43 .18 .17 2. 55 2.68 2.27 2.27 2.00 3.25 3.01 2. 55 2. 39 2.11 0.20 0.13 0.14 0.18 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2.00 0 2.00 2.00 2.16 0 2.16 2.07 0.28 DistributionbyNativity of Homemaker N um ber of fam ilies having no hom e m aker_________ ______________ ________ N um b er of fam ilies having hom em aker born in— U nited S tates._. ----- ----- ._ Italy _ _________________ _________ G er m a n y ... __ ------------- ------------ _ E n gland ___ __ ----- --------------- --Ireland_________ ___ ___ __________ O th e r ... ____ ___ _________ __ ___ 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 CompositionofHousehold N um ber of households_________ _______ 203 A verage num ber of persons in house h old ___________________________________ 3.53 N um ber of households w ith — Boarders and lo d g e r s .--------------20 Boarders o n ly ____________ . . . . . . 0 2 Lodgers o n ly ------ ----------------- __. . . . 16 Other persons_________________________ Average size of econom ic fam ily in— 3.42 Persons, total_____ __ .94 U nder 16 years of age_______________ 16 years of age and over_____________ 2.48 E xpenditure u n i t s _____________ ______ 3.16 Average num ber of persons in house hold not. m em bers of econom ic fam ily. 0.13 5 6.22 0 0 0 1 6.13 3. 53 2.60 5. 23 0.09 0 0 1 0 0 1 4. 74 2.08 2. 66 4.22 0.06 3. 87 1.30 2. 57 3. 53 0.11 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 “ C hildren” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age and over. 2 Fam ilies of these typ es are included in the 1917-18 stu d y, Cost of L iving in the U nited States, B , L . S. B u ll. N o. 357, 1924. N otes on this table are in appendix A , p. 377. TABULAR SUMMARY 125 T a b l e 2.— Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued IN D IA N A P O L IS , I N D .— W H IT E F A M IL IE S — C ontinued E conom ic level— F am ilies spending per expenditure u n it per year Item A ll fam i lies $100 to $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $ 1,000 to to to to to to to to and $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $ 1,000 over $200 Earnings andIncome F am ilies in su rvey______________ 6 7 9 203 5 21 49 35 35 25 11 N u m b er of fam ilies having— E arnings of subsidiary earners. 81 6 3 5 8 18 11 13 6 10 1 N e t earnings from boarders and lodgers_________________ 2 4 2 2 21 5 3 3 0 0 0 4 5 Other net ren ts_______________ 2 13 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 Interest and d ividends_______ 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P ensions and insurance annui 2 3 2 ties____________ __ ________ 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G ifts from persons outside 4 2 econom ic fam ily___. . . ._ 14 2 4 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 1 O ther sources of incom e______ 6 0 1 1 0 0 D ed u ctions from incom e (business losses and ex 2 p en ses)_____________________ 12 2 3 0 3 0 0 1 1 0 Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in liab ili 1 4 21 8 5 126 4 16 21 ties) _________________________ 28 18 D eficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in liab ili 14 4 4 4 20 7 3 3 73 13 ties)__________ ____________ 1 2 2 0 0 0 Inheritance. ________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 Average num ber of gainful workers per fam ily___________ 1. 47 1.40 1. 52 1. 41 1. 34 1.54 1.40 1.64 1. 50 1. 71 1. 67 Average am ount of— N et fam ily in c o m e ___________ $1, 523 $914 $1,099 $ 1, 268 $1,456 $1, 669 $1, 692 $1,865 $1,710 $2,072 $2,480 914 1,085 1,258 1,422 1, 591 1,664 1, 846 1,710 2,07? 2, 281 E arnings of in divid uals_____ 1,486 C hief earner___________ __ 1,272 823 979 1,114 1,286 1,362 1,458 1, 508 1,440 1,432 1, 621 214 Subsidiary earners. _______ 91 106 144 136 229 206 338 270 640 660 M ales: 16 years and o ver. 1,232 914 912 1,085 1,239 1,340 1, 411 1,479 1,369 1,258 1, 594 U nder 16 years___ (3) 0 0 0 0 (3) 0 0 0 0 0 Fem ales: 16 years and 254 over__________ 173 173 183 251 253 367 341 814 687 0 U nder 16 y ea rs.. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N et earnings from boarders 22 35 15 16 23 15 and lodgers_______________ 16 10 0 0 0 12 6 O ther net ren ts_____________ 5 11 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 Interest and d ivid end s_____ (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3) P ensions and insurance an 35 68 0 n u ities____________ 0 6 0 0 0 10 0 0 G ifts from persons outside 8 2 4 2 0 0 33 3 1 0 econom ic fam ily__________ 0 16 6 1 (3) 6 0 0 0 60 Other sources of in com e.. _ 0 0 D edu ctions from incom e (business losses and ex -5 -9 -6 0 -4 0 0 -1 0 (3) p en ses)_________ __________ 0 (3) Surplus per fam ily having surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in 52 114 118 126 138 165 228 545 398 203 liab ilities). ______ ______ 149 D eficit per fam ily having deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in 92 92 78 145 234 293 285 217 297 147 19 lia b ilitie s ).. _______________ N et change in assets and lia b ilities for all fam ilies in su rvey. _______________ __ + 40 +37 +69 + 3 0 + 46 + 25 +53 +86 - 9 9 +134 - 1 9 0 2 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inheritance_____________ ___ Less than $0.50. N otes on th is table are in appendix A , p. 377. 3 126 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 2.— Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued IN D IA N A P O L IS , I N D .—N E G R O F A M IL IE S Item E conom ic level— Fam ilies spending per expendi ture u n it per year A ll fam ilies $100 to $200 $200 to $300 to $400 $300 $500 and over $400 to $500 Distributionby Occupationof ChiefEarner andbyFamily Type * F am ilies in su rvey _______ ._ _________ N um ber of fam ilies in w hich chief earner is— Clerical w orker_________________________ Skilled w age earner------------- __ _ __ Sem iskilled w age earn er..---------- _ __ U nskilled w age earner ------------- --- _ . . . N u m b er of fam ilies com posed of— M an and w ife ._ ___ . . . ______ . . . M an, wife, and 1 c h ild -------------- ------M an, w ife, and 2 to 4 children. ----- --M an, w ife, and 5 or more ch ild ren _____ M an, w ife, and children and adults (4 to 6 p e r so n s)__________________ __ M an, wife, and children and adults (7 or more persons)___________________ M an, wife, and 1 a d u lt _________ ___ __ M an, wife, and 2 to 4 a d u lts----------------M an, wife, and 5 or more a d u lts______ A dults (2 or 3 persons, not including m an and w ife)-----------------------------------A dults (4 or more persons, not includ ing m an and w ife)_________ ________ A du lt or adults and children (2 or 3 persons, not including m an and w ife). A dult or adults and children (4 or m ore persons, not including m an and wife) _ 101 18 6 1 0 1 4 23 27 24 19 13 1 1 2 1 6 1 1 1 1 2 9 16 5 68 16 15 12 9 36 12 19 2 10 8 0 2 0 13 3 2 0 0 8 2 1 0 11 1 0 0 8 1 4 3 0 0 6 10 5 1 6 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 3 5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 DistributionbyNativityofHomemaker N um b er of fam ilies having no hom e m aker___________________________ __ . . N um ber of fam ilies having hom em aker born in U nited S ta te s.__ _ __________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 18 27 24 19 13 101 18 6.37 27 4.08 24 2.96 19 2. 58 13 2.23 0 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 6. 33 3.98 1.48 2. 50 3. 50 2.96 0. 52 2.44 2.78 2. 42 0.32 2.10 2.20 0.11 0 0.16 2.15 0.08 2.07 2.05 0.08 Compositionof Household N um b er of h ouseholds. _____ ________ __ Average num ber of persons in household. N um ber of households w ith — Boarders and lo d g e r s______ ._ __ _ Boarders only _. _ __________ _ __ Lodgers o n ly .............. . . . _ _ . . . __ Other p e r so n s_________. . . __ . . . Average size of econom ic fam ily in— Persons, to ta l.. . . . _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ U nder 16 years of a ge__________ ___ 16 years of age and o v e r .. ___________ E xpenditure u n its. __ ____________ __ Average num ber of persons in household not m em bers of econom ic fam ily___ ___ 3.70 5 0 3 1 3.63 1.21 2.42 3.26 0.08 3.49 2.84 5.50 0.04 i “ C hildren” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age and over. N otes on this table are in appendix A , p. 377. TABULAE SUMMARY T able 2 , — Description 127 of families studied, by economic level— Continued IN D IA N A P O L IS , I N D .—N E G R O F A M IL IE S — C ontinued Item E conom ic level— F am ilies spending per expendi ture u n it per year All fam ilies $100 to $200 $200 to $300 to $400 $300 $400 to $500 $500 and over Earnings andIncome F am ilies in su rvey........................................... N um b er of fam ilies having— E arnings of subsidiary earners_________ N e t earnings from boarders and lodgers. Other n et rents____ _______ ____________ Interest and d ivid en d s_________________ P ensions and insurance a nn u ities. _ __ G ifts from persons outside econom ic fam ily ________ _______ _________________ O ther sources of in com e________________ D eductions from incom e (business losses and expenses)__________________ Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in lia b ilitie s )__________ D eficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in liab ilities)__________ ___ Inheritance_____________________________ Average num ber of gainful workers per fam ily..................................... ............................... Average am ount of— N e t fam ily incom e______________________ E arnings of in d iv id u a ls. ___________ C hief earner. _______________________ Subsidiary earners ______________ M ales: 16 years and o v e r .. _______ U nder 16 y e a r s .___________ Fem ales: 16 years and over------------U nder 16 years. _ _ __ N e t earnings from boarders and lodgers______________________________ Other net ren ts. ___________________ Interest and d ivid end s_______________ P ensions and insurance ann u ities____ G ifts from persons outside econom ic fam ily____________________ ___ . . . Other sources of in co m e ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D eductions from incom e (business losses and expenses)_______________ Surplus per fam ily h aving surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in liab ilities)_________________ _____ D eficit per fam ily having deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in liab ilities)______ . . . __ __________ . . . N et change in assets and liabilities for all fam ilies in su rv ey. _____________ Inheritance________ __ ______________ . . N otes on this table are in appendix A , p. 377. 101 18 27 24 39 7 10 0 0 8 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 10 0 0 0 2 6 0 2 1 2 2 2 7 4 3 19 5 13 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 79 13 5 22 20 18 6 0 5 0 4 0 1 0 0 1. 54 1. 72 1.63 1.58 1.26 1.46 $990 974 $903 884 770 114 811 0 72 $916 897 827 70 803 4 $1,015 997 901 96 892 0 105 $1,013 1,002 941 61 954 0 48 $1,178 1,171 1, 059 112 1,119 0 52 3 0 0 0 10 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 5 0 0 0 0 21 0 886 88 894 2 77 1 1 88 2 0 0 6 0 7 6 0 0 0 0 5 11 0 0 1 1 5 0 11 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 76 82 90 65 59 106 68 76 +38 58 + 62 45 + 47 26 +55 +6 4 +46 0 0 0 0 0 92 0 128 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 2 . —Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued L A N S IN G , M IC H .— W H IT E F A M IL IE S E conom ic level— F am ilies spending per expenditure unit per year Item A ll fam i lies U nder $300 to $300 $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 to $800 $800 to $900 $900 and over Distribution by Occupation of Chief EarnerandbyFamily Type 1 F am ilies in su rv e y ____________ ____ N um b er of fam ilies in w hich chief earner is— Clerical w orker_____________________ Skilled w age earner----------------- — Sem iskilled wage earner___________ U nskilled w age earner______________ N um b er of fam ilies com posed of— M an and w ife. __________________ M an, w ife, and 1 c h ild .. ------M an, wife, and 2 to 4 children____ M an, w ife, and 5 or m ore child ren .. M an, w ife, and children and adults (4 to 6 persons)___________________ M an, w ife, and children and adults (7 or more persons)_______ _______ M an, w ife, and 1 a d u lt ___________ M an, wife, and 2 to 4 ad u lts_______ M an, w ife, and 5 or m ore ad u lts___ A du lts (2 or 3 persons not including m an and w ife)______________ A du lts (4 or more persons not in cluding m an and w ife)_______ . . A du lt or adults and children (2 or 3 persons not including m an and w if e ) _____ __ ______________ _____ A du lt or adu lts and children (4 or more persons not including m an and w ife)__________ ____________ 145 28 41 48 44 10 12 12 30 28 20 17 7 11 6 8 4 2 1 0 4 3 8 6 2 5 9 3 9 7 3 4 11 1 1 2 6 11 0 6 8 0 2 0 8 6 1 0 4 7 9 4 2 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 7 8 2 3 2 3 1 0 0 41 27 35 14 18 8 7 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 6 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 3 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 135 3 27 26 27 20 0 0 0 0 14 7 6 1 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 20 17 3.12 4 1 3 1 1 3 0 0 5 DistributionbyNativityofHomemaker N um b er of fam ilies having no hom e m aker________ ______________________ N um b er of fam ilies having hom e m aker born in— U nited S tates_______________________ G erm any -------------- -----------------P olan d ______________________________ Canada (not F rench)___ _________ O ther________________ __ ______ . 1 2 3 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 CompositionofHousehold 28 28 N um ber of households______ _____ 145 30 Average num ber of persons in house 4. 92 4.05 3.56 hold_____________________ _________ 3. 57 N um ber of households w ith: 6 22 1 1 Boarders and lodgers_______________ 1 2 Boarders on ly_______________________ 0 0 2 9 3 0 Lodgers on ly ____________ ________ 5 4 12 1 Other persons_______________ ____ A verage size of econom ic fam ily in— 4.86 3.84 3. 27 P ersons, t o ta l._________ __ . . . . . 3.37 2.27 1. 57 1.03 U nder 16 years of age_____________ 1.11 2.59 2.27 2.24 16 years of age and over--------- . . 2.26 4. 35 3.52 3. 01 E xpenditure u n its__________________ 3.10 Average num ber of persons in house hold not m em bers of econom ic 0.26 0.31 fam ily............................................................. 0.25 0.10 i “ C hildren” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “A d u lts” N otes on th is table are in appendix A , p. 377. 2.83 7 0 0 0 2.61 0.44 2.17 2. 43 1 2.68 0.52 2.16 2. 48 7 7 8 2. 62 2.20 2. 31 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1.92 1. 92 1.85 0.14 2.06 2.18 2.38 0.32 2.06 2.27 0 2.20 0.27 0.47 0.32 0.34 0.14 are persons 16 years of age and over. 129 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 2 .— Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued L A N S IN G , M IC H .—W H IT E F A M IL IE S — C ontinued E conom ic level—F am ilies spen d ing per expenditure u n it per year Item A ll fam i lies U nder $300 to $300 $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $700 to $800 $600 to $700 $800 to $900 $900 and over E a r n in g s a n d In co m e F am ilies in su rvey____________________ 145 28 N um b er of fam ilies havin g— E arnings of subsidiary earners-----46 13 N et earnings from boarders and 29 lo d g e r s----------------------------------- -1 O ther net rents____________________ 9 3 5 Interest and d ivid en d s____________ 0 Pensions and insurance ann u ities - _ 1 0 G ifts from persons outside econom ic 2 f a m ily _____________________ 10 2 O ther sources of in com e____________ 0 D ed u ctions from incom e (business 8 1 losses and expen ses)______________ Surplus (net increase in assets and/ 22 or decrease in liab ilities)— 89 D eficit (net decrease in assets and/ or increase in lia b ilitie s). -----------6 48 4 1 In heritance--------- -------------- -- --Average num ber of gainful workers 1.39 per fam ily____________________ ______ 1.28 Average am ount of— N et fam ily i n c o m e .- ----- ------------ $1,395 $1,125 E arnings of in d ivid u als__________ 1, 357 1,108 C hief earner___________________ 1,269 1,046 Subsidiary ea r n er s-.. ---------62 88 M ales: 16 years and over---------- 1,227 1,030 U nder 16 years. _ ___ _ (3) 1 Fem ales: 16 years and over____ 77 130 U nder 16 years ______ 0 0 N e t earnings from boarders and 8 30 lodgers__________________ ____ 7 8 Other net rents________ ___ Interest and d ivid en d s. _ . ____ 2 0 P ensions and insurance an n u ities. 2 0 G ifts from persons outside eco 2 1 nom ic fam ily. --------------- ----Other sources of in com e. _____ __ 1 0 D eductions from incom e (busi ness losses and expenses). _ _ _ -6 (3) Surplus per fam ily having surplus (net increase in assets and/or de 108 crease in liab ilities)___ __ _ _ 157 D eficit per fam ily h aving deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in 69 crease in liab ilities)___ _________ 171 N et change in assets and liab ilities +70 for all fam ilies in su rvey___ ______ + 4 0 2 Inheritance____________ ________ __ (3) 3 Less than $0.50. N otes on th is table are in appendix A ,p . 377. 7 3 7 3 8 7 17 3 7 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 28 7 20 4 6 2 1 0 2 1 3 30 11 1 1 1 2 0 1 0 1 4 1 0 2 2 0 2 20 14 4 1 12 1 13 3 2 8 1 13 7 4 1 2 0 6 0 1.21 1.29 1.11 1.15 1.42 1. 45 1.54 $1, 225 $1, 349 1,179 1,309 1,154 1, 250 59 25 1,111 1,159 0 0 68 150 $1, 441 1,403 1,351 52 1,310 0 93 $1, 637 $1, 564 $ 1, 713 1, 581 1, 552 1,727 1,504 1,289 1, 395 77 332 263 1, 548 1, 448 1,331 0 0 0 33 104 396 $2, 059 1,997 1, 723 274 1, 436 0 561 0 0 37 1 3 22 10 1 0 2 3 4 8 (3) -5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 0 12 0 0 0 22 21 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 -1 5 0 -7 0 0 68 283 41 39 (3) 0 0 0 0 -1 (3) 0 0 122 194 222 172 98 + 55 3 164 + 27 4 100 +110 0 546 + 35 0 34 0 23 15 3 0 254 233 138 -1 1 3 +123 -1 8 6 9 0 0 130 BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 2 .— Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued M IL W A U K E E , W IS ,—W H IT E F A M IL IE S Item D istribution by Occupation of Chief Earner and by F am ily T ype 1 Fam ilies in survey _ _ ___ _ _ __ N um ber of fam ilies in w hich chief earner is— Clerical worker _ _ __ _ _ Skilled w age earn er.________ ... Sem iskilled w age earner___ _ _ _ _ _ _ U nskilled w age earner_______________ N um ber of fam ilies com posed of— M an and w ife ___ _._ __ ___ __ M an, w ife, and 1 child 2______ __ _ _ M an, w ife, and 2 to 4 children 2__ _ M an, w ife, and 5 or more children 2__ M an , w ife, and children and adults (4 to 6 persons)2. _ ___ ---------- --M an , w ife, and children and adults (7 or m ore persons )2 ____ __ ___ ___ M an , w ife, and 1 adu lt______ _ __ _ M an, w ife, and 2 to 4 ad u lts. M an , w ife, and 5 or more adults A du lts (2 or 3 persons, not including m an and w ife ). --------------- -----------A du lts (4 or more persons, not includ ing m an and wife) _ __ _ _ __ _ A du lt or adults and children (2 or 3 persons, not including m an and w ife). _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A dult or adults and children (4 or more persons, not including m an and wife) ___ _____________________ D istribution by N ativity of Homemaker N um ber of fam ilies having no hom e m aker _ ___ __ ___ _ _ _ _ _ N um b er of fam ilies having hom em aker born in— U n ited S ta te s ___ _______ _ ___ ___ Ita ly __________________________________ G erm any _ _ _ ---------- --- __ ___ __ Poland _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ----- --R ussia. _ _ --------- -------------------------Canada (not French) _ _ _ _ _ _ E ngland _ _ ___ ------------___ _ Sw eden________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ O ther _ _ __ ----- _ __ __ -__ ___ Composition of Household N um ber of households__ ___ _______ __ A verage num ber of persons in house h old ________________________________ N um ber of households w ith — Boarders and lodgers____ _ _ _ _ _ _ Boarders on ly____ __ _ Lodgers on ly____ _______ ___ Other persons.. _ _ _ ------A verage size of econom ic fam ily in— Persons, total _ ______ _ --------------U nder 16 years of age _ __ _ .__ 16 years of age and o v e r ... __ __ E xpenditure units ______ ________ Average num ber of persons in house hold not m em bers of econom ic fam ily. E conom ic level- —Fam ilies spending per expenditure u n it per year A ll fam i lies U n $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $ 1,000 $ 1,100 der to to to to to to to to and $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $ 1,000 $ 1,100 over 446 42 79 116 66 56 33 25 7 11 11 19 23 23 13 15 19 9 25 9 8 9 7 14 5 7 3 3 10 2 2 0 4 4 3 4 4 3 22 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 3 0 11 0 0 0 136 155 55 12 5 18 7 16 25 24 14 22 110 86 102 0 1 2 11 22 100 7 47 13 33 19 19 2 8 9 4 34 5 15 3 2 5 36 44 14 34 0 1 11 19 13 0 22 1 0 12 1 3 0 0 0 17 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 16 0 10 0 3 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 15 0 2 5 4 2 2 0 0 0 0 6 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 333 3 40 21 4 29 56 7 84 1 17 4 54 0 4 41 0 3 3 24 0 4 7 7 22 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 56 33 25 2. 71 2. 78 2. 35 5 6 3 2. 61 6 2 3 33 2 2 4 0 1 0 0 4 0 6 1 0 2 0 1 2 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 1 2 446 42 79 116 66 3.73 5. 75 4.90 3. 76 3. 36 61 3 11 20 9 4 0 1 2 0 2 4 8 0 0 22 0 0 6 4 3.54 5. 72 4. 71 3. 52 3.23 1.09 2. 81 1.89 1.01 0. 85 2.45 2.91 2.82 2. 51 2. 38 3.24 5.06 4.22 3.23 3.00 0.20 0.07 0.20 0.26 0.16 0 1 0 1 7 1 1 2 2. 58 0. 46 2.12 2. 42 0.15 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 5 7 3 0 0 0 9 9 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 11 11 2. 50 2.15 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 4 3 2. 57 2.12 2.10 2. 47 2.00 0. 46 0.12 0.10 0.25 0 2.11 2.00 2.00 2.22 2.00 2. 40 2. 01 1.99 2. 39 1.98 0. 21 0.24 0. 55 0.07 0.18 1 “ C hildren” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age and over. 2 F am ilies of these typ es are included in the 1917-18 stu d y, C ost of L iving in th e U nited States, B . L . S. B u ll. N o. 357. N otes on this table are in appendix A , p. 377. TABULAR SUMMARY 131 T able 2.— Description of families studied, by economic level— Continued M IL W A U K E E , W IS.— W H IT E F A M IL IE S — C ontinued E conom ic level— Fam ilies spending per expenditure unit per year Item A ll fam i lies U n $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $ 1,000 $ 1,100 der to to to to to to to to and $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $ 1,000 $ 1,100 over E a r n in g s a n d In co m e F am ilies in su rv ey ______________ 446 42 79 116 66 56 33 25 7 11 11 N um ber of fam ilies having— E arnings of subsidiary earners. 124 23 12 10 6 2 11 30 20 5 5 N et earnings from boarders 4 and lodgers_________________ 63 11 23 7 7 4 3 3 0 1 Other net rents_______________ 51 6 4 6 16 7 5 5 1 0 1 35 2 3 9 4 Interest and divid end s______ 5 6 3 0 1 2 Pensions and insurance annu 17 4 ities________________________ 1 3 3 5 1 0 0 0 0 G ifts from persons outside eco nom ic fam ily. _________ 21 6 4 0 3 3 1 1 0 1 2 4 8 Other sources of incom e_____ 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 D eductions from incom e (busi 2 2 ness losses and expenses)___ 25 6 3 3 3 3 0 3 0 Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in liab ili 24 44 42 78 35 15 19 4 2 ties)_________________________ 264 1 D eficit (n et decrease in assets 14 22 and /or increase in 1iabilities) _ 168 33 35 17 5 3 20 10 9 4 1 1 1 Inheritance. _________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Average num ber of gainful w ork ers per fam ily_________________ 1. 32 1.29 1.39 1. 28 1. 35 1.25 1.30 1.24 1.29 1. 45 1. 45 A verage am ount of— N et fam ily incom e____________ $1,555 $ 1, 277 $1,442 $1,457 $1, 641 $ 1, 570 $1, 773 $ 1, 727 $1,929 $ 1,939 $ 2, 260 E arnings of in d iv id u a ls. . . . 1,503 1,238 1,394 1,395 1,582 1,525 1,728 1,667 1,829 1,957 2, 200 C hief earner_________ . . . 1,371 1,160 1,276 1, 292 1,434 1,409 1,545 1,557 1,691 1, 626 1,775 Subsidiary earners_______ 132 78 118 103 148 116 183 110 138 331 425 M ales: 16 years and over.. 1,344 1,130 1,247 1, 289 1, 365 1,349 1,530 1,558 1,689 1, 625 1, 775 2 U nder 16 years___ (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fem ales: 16 y e a r s a n d 108 145 106 217 176 198 109 140 332 425 over_____ _ __ 159 U nder 16 years.. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N et earnings from boarders 74 34 22 21 24 27 38 15 and lodgers_______________ 20 20 0 17 12 22 4 14 7 16 26 26 13 0 Other net ren ts_____________ 2 (3) 2 Interest and divid end s. _ __ 1 14 3 5 1 0 (3) (3) Pensions and insurance an 4 4 25 9 0 0 0 0 8 11 1 nuities _ _________________ G ifts from persons outside 2 3 4 3 6 1 1 0 1 11 0 econom ic fa m ily . . . . . 2 4 0 2 0 16 0 0 0 1 (3) O ther sources of incom e . __ D ed u ctions from incom e (business losses and ex -2 -2 -2 -6 0 -1 9 0 -5 -5 -3 penses) ____________________ - 3 Surplus per fam ily having sur plus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in liab ili 166 101 132 137 179 201 156 324 538 511 tie s). _. ____ . . . _ _. . . 150 D eficit per fam ily h aving def icit (net decrease in assets 95 139 135 175 194 234 277 323 606 360 and/or increase in liab ilities). 203 N et change in assets and lia b ilities for all fam ilies in su rvey________ . . . ------------ +12 + 63 - 2 + 48 + 29 + 43 - 2 9 + 63 + 47 -5 0 2 -202 0 73 0 0 0 1 0 27 1 0 5 Inheritance_________ _ _ __ Less than $0.50. N otes on th is table are in appendix A , p. 377. 3 132 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 3. — Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level C IN C IN N A T I, O H IO — W H IT E F A M IL IE S E conom ic level— F am ilies spending per expenditure u n it per year Item A ll fam i U n lies der $300 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 to to to to to to $900 to $1,000 $1,100 to and over E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G ro u p s o f Ite m s 352 72 88 55 42 31 5 F am ilies in su rvey--------------------28 13 10 8 Average fam ily size: Persons------------------------------------ 3.37 5.44 4.00 3.29 2.94 2.82 2.48 2.68 2. 30 2. 75 2.20 E xpenditure u n its--------------3.09 3. 61 3.03 4.76 2.73 2.61 2.23 2.13 2.38 2.53 2.68 Food expenditure u n its_______ 2.89 4.46 3.34 2.83 2.58 2.42 2.24 2.35 2.06 2.53 2.09 C lothing expenditure u n its. __ 2.70 3.81 3.09 2.67 2.40 2.27 2.33 2.43 2.27 2.50 1.81 Average annual current expend iture for— A ll item s--------------------------------- $1, 519 $1,144 $1. 283 $1, 347 $1, 507 $1, 665 $1,759 $2,120 $2,115 $2, 969 $2, 702 504 521 508 530 552 F o o d ----------------------------------- 544 561 715 745 594 818 C lothing------------------------------- 158 116 125 134 163 170 213 173 241 439 185 H ou sin g------------------------------239 174 212 213 241 273 287 294 357 371 326 F uel, ligh t,an d refrigeration. 91 87 91 88 91 81 103 87 82 123 131 O ther household op eration . _ 42 50 41 37 55 53 66 58 74 114 113 Furnishings and equipm ent. 77 41 49 60 73 89 121 199 114 148 222 Automobile and m otorcyclepurchase, operation, and m aintenance. ________ __ 83 11 34 45 75 124 86 196 230 331 632 O ther transportation_______ 48 32 41 53 45 47 51 59 56 67 54 Personal care----------------------29 23 25 26 42 27 30 34 35 43 67 M edical care--------- . . . . . . 52 32 41 44 63 62 73 53 71 48 127 R ecreation__________________ 86 71 89 122 48 64 57 97 170 131 174 7 E d u ca tio n --------------------- . . . 6 4 5 6 22 6 1 4 16 0 V ocation------------------------------7 5 8 6 12 25 22 6 8 6 16 C om m u n ity welfare ______ 11 18 14 19 24 17 19 24 17 16 36 G ifts and contributions to persons outside the eco 15 nom ic fam ily --------------------23 12 7 19 32 26 27 79 61 135 O ther it e m s -----------------------8 15 4 10 4 3 3 4 1 16 10 Percentage of total annual cur- ent expenditure for— A ll item s--------------------------------F o o d -- ------------- ------------C lothing------------------------------H ou sing------------------------------F uel, ligh t,an d refrigeration. O ther household op era tio n .. Furnishings and equ ip m en t. A utom obileand m otorcycle— purchase, operation, and m aintenance--------------------Other transportation______ Personal care----------------------M edical care.. --------R ecreation__________________ E du cation ____ __ _________ V ocation____________________ C om m u n ity welfare _____ G ifts and contributions to persons outside the eco nom ic fam ily-------------------O ther item s. _____ . . . ___ 1 L ess 100.0 35.8 10.4 15.7 6.0 3.3 5.1 5.4 3.2 1.9 3.4 5.7 .4 .5 1.2 1.5 .5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 44.1 40.6 37.7 35.2 33.2 31.9 33.7 28.0 10.1 9.7 9.9 10.8 10.2 12.1 S.2 11.4 15.2 16.5 15.8 16.0 16.3 16.3 13.8 16.8 7.7 6.8 6.8 6.0 4.9 5.9 4.1 3.9 3.6 2.9 3.1 3.6 3.2 3.8 2.7 3.5 3.6 3.8 4.5 4.8 5.3 6.9 9.4 5.4 4.2 .3 .7 2.7 3.2 1.9 3.2 5.0 .4 .5 .6 .9 1.0 2.8 2.0 2.8 1.0 .3 th an 0.05 percent. N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 378. 1.1 .8 3.3 4.0 1.9 3.3 5.3 .4 A 1.4 5.0 3.1 1.8 4.2 5.9 .5 .4 1.1 7.4 3.1 1.8 3.2 7.3 .4 .5 1.4 4.9 3.3 1.9 4.0 5.5 .1 .3 1.1 1.1 1.3 .3 1.6 .2 1.8 .2 1.1 9. 3 2.6 1.7 2.9 8.0 .2 .8 1.1 1.3 .2 10.8 3.2 2.0 2.3 6.2 .8 1.2 .8 2.9 .8 27.6 14.8 12.5 4.1 3.8 5.0 27.6 6.9 12.1 4.8 4 .2 11.2 1.8 23.4 1.7 1.6 2.7 2.3 4.3 5.9 0 .7 8.2 2.1 .8 .4 1.2 4.5 .3 .6 2.9 0) 133 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L IE S Ite m E x p e n d itu r es fo r A ll fam ilies $100 to $200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 an d $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 over G r o u p s o f Ite m s F a m ilie s in su r v e y ______________________________ A verage fam ily size: P erso n s_______________________ ______________ E x p en d itu re u n it s ._ _____________________ __ F ood exp en d itu re u n it s .. ______ __ ______ ____ C lo th in g exp en d itu re u n its ______ __ A verage an n u al current ex p en d itu re for— A ll ite m s ______ _______ ___________ _____ F o o d .. _____________ ________ _________ C lo th in g . _______________________ . . . . . . H o u sin g ________________________________ . . . F u el, ligh t, an d refrigeration _____________ O ther h ou seh old o p eration ________________ F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t______________ A u to m o b ile and m otorcycle— purchase, op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e____________ O ther tr a n sp o r ta tio n .__ _ ________ ______ P erson al care____________________ ______ _ ___ . . . __________ M ed ica l ca ie _____ R ecreation _______ __ ___________. . . . . . E d u c a tio n .._ _ . . . _________ _______ . . . V o c a tio n ___ __________ . . . __ _____ C o m m u n ity w e l f a r e . ___________ __ . G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u t sid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily ___ _ . . . _ O ther ite m s__________ _ _ I _ _______ . . . . P ercen ta ge of total an n u al current ex p en d itu re for— A ll it e m s . _ _ __ ______ _______ __ _____ F o o d ________________________________________ C loth in g ____________ _________ _____ __ . H o u sin g . _______ _____________________ F u el, ligh t, an d refrigeration . __ __________ O ther h o u seh old o p eration ___ ________ F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t______________ A u to m o b ile an d m otorcycle— purchase, op eration , an d m a in t e n a n c e ___ _____ O ther tra n sp o rta tio n ______ __________ __ P erson al care________ ______ __ . . . _ _ M ed ica l ca r e . ______________ _ . . . . __ R ecrea tio n ___ _________ __________ . . . _ E d u ca tio n ^ _________________________________ V o c a tio n ______ ______ ________________ C o m m u n ity w elfa re_______ _______ __ .. G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u t sid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily ___ _ ._ . . . O ther ite m s _____________ ___________ .... 1 L ess th a n $0 50. 2 L ess th a n 0.05 percent. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 378. E co n o m ic lev el— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d i tu re u n it per year 100 3.37 3.05 2. 85 2.63 10 5. 62 5.05 4. 83 4.18 26 4. 27 3. 76 3. 48 3.19 26 3.24 2.91 2. 67 2.45 19 2.31 2.19 2.11 1.97 $988 376 100 172 87 31 45 16 39 19 28 42 5 2 12 11 3 $817 390 75 146 74 17 15 1 29 14 14 20 1 0 8 2 11 $907 363 103 155 84 33 51 3 30 17 17 35 1 0) H (0 $994 376 109 175 87 23 52 5 39 19 30 47 1 3 11 10 7 $955 $1,083 $1, 394 357 381 439 89 94 122 172 153 272 88 99 93 24 53 60 39 43 59 12 48 74 46 38 69 19 23 21 34 35 58 42 64 48 1 55 0) 2 2 5 13 21 8 18 28 11 (l) 0) 0) 100.0 38.1 10.1 17.4 8 .8 3.1 4 .6 1. 6 4.0 19 2.8 4.3 .5 .2 1.2 1.1 .3 100.0 47.8 9 .2 17.9 9.1 2.1 1.8 .1 3.6 1. 7 1.7 24 .1 0 1. 0 .2 1.3 100.0 40.0 11.4 17.1 9.3 3.6 5 .6 .3 3.3 1.9 1.9 3 .9 .1 (2) 1.2 .4 (2) 100.0 37.9 11.0 17.6 8 .8 2.3 5 .2 .5 3 .9 1. 9 3.0 4 .7 .1 .3 1.1 1.0 .7 100 0 37.3 9.3 18.0 9 .2 2.5 4.1 1. 3 4 .8 2 .0 3.6 4 .4 (2) .2 1.4 1.9 (2) 4 11 2.09 2.01 1.91 1.93 100 0 35 2 8 .7 14 2 9 1 4 .9 4 .0 4 .4 3.5 2. 1 3 .2 5 9 .1 .2 1.9 2.5 (2) 8 2.24 2.15 1.99 2.01 100.0 31.5 8 .8 19. 5 6 .7 4.3 4 .2 5.3 4 .9 1.5. 4 .2 3. 4 3 .9 .4 .6 .8 (2> 134 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S Ite m E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fam i lies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d i tu re u n it per year U n d er $300 to $300 $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 to $800 $800 an d over G r o u p s o f Ite m s 82 490 106 83 44 35 66 74 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ----------------------------------------A v erage fa m ily size: 3.46 5. 50 4. 50 3.74 3. 21 2.79 2.70 2.29 P erso n s---------------------------------------------- - 3.17 4. 95 4.04 3. 41 2. 95 2. 58 2.55 2.19 E x p en d itu r e u n i t s ----------------------- ----------2. 94 4. 62 3.74 3.15 2. 71 2. 36 2.37 2.04 F ood exp en d itu re u n its ----------------------------4.16 3.44 2. 97 2. 55 2. 34 2.36 2.10 C lo th in g exp en d itu re u n its _________________ 2. 79 A v erage a n n u a l cu rren t exp en d itu re for— A ll ite m s ------ ------------------------------------------------- $1, 642 $1,194 $1,430 $1, 535 $1,594 $1, 665 $1,874 $2,136 531 533 512 494 498 545 558 562 F o o d ... _ _ - -------------- ------------- ----------174 180 139 159 186 171 222 C l o t h i n g - - .---------------------------------------------205 190 232 257 225 251 H o u sin g ________________ ________________ 281 328 287 108 106 112 107 113 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration_______ _____ 108 115 95 O ther h o u seh old o p eration _______ - 44 57 46 49 56 74 55 77 79 44 • 25 67 90 104 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t-------------------67 148 A u to m o b ile an d m oto rcy cle—p u rch ase, 126 62 74 19 op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e — ______ 136 209 120 272 O ther tra n sp o rta tio n ___ __ ___ __ ___ 42 45 44 46 42 36 38 40 30 19 26 30 28 30 32 P erso n al care_____ - - -----------------------39 74 M ed ica l care___ - _ __ __ -------------------67 27 59 66 66 77 87 88 46 73 76 82 R e cr e a tio n ________ _ _ ________ _____ __ 99 100 128 10 E d u c a tio n - _______ - ___ __ ___ 9 13 9 14 9 8 7 4 9 V o c a t io n _________ _______ _________ 6 8 9 8 10 16 14 18 14 18 18 19 16 C o m m u n ity w elfa re____ - - - - - 24 G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u t 30 12 23 32 25 sid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily _______ 7 23 79 10 1 6 8 . 13 15 O ther ite m s__________________ _ __ 18 12 P ercen ta ge of to ta l an n u al cu rren t exp en d itu re for— 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 A ll i t e m s ___ ______ - ------------------F o o d ____ - ---------___ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32.3 41.7 37.3 35.5 32.2 29.7 29.8 26.3 11.0 C lo th in g ----- --- ------------ _ --------------------11.6 11.3 10.7 11.2 11.1 11.0 10.4 H o u sin g --- ----------------_ - ---------------- 15.7 15.9 15.8 15.1 15.8 16.9 15.4 15.4 6 .6 7 .4 9 .0 7 .3 F u el, ligh t, and refrigeration_____________ 7.1 6.5 6.1 4 .4 O ther h o u seh old o p e r a t io n .__________ _ 3 .2 3 .2 3 .5 3 .3 3 .7 3 .5 3 .9 3 .6 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t____ _________ 2.1 4 .4 4 .2 5.4 4 .8 3.1 5.5 6 .9 A u to m o b ile and m o torcycle— p urchase, op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e____ __ _ . 1.6 4 .4 7 .6 4 .8 7 .5 8 .2 11.2 12.8 O ther tr a n sp o r ta tio n _______ _______ 2 .6 3 .2 2 .9 2.6 2 .2 3 .7 2 .0 1.9 1.6 P erson al care -----------_ _ _ 1.8 2 .0 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8 4.1 2 .2 M ed ica l care—. ___ _________ _ 4.1 4 .3 4.1 4 .4 4. 1 4.1 R ecreation . _ _ _ _ _ -------------5 .4 3 .9 5.1 4 .9 5.1 5.9 5 .3 6 .0 E d u c a tio n _____ _ ------------------------ -------.6 .8 .9 .6 .9 .5 .4 .3 V o c a tio n ... ----------- .5 .3 .4 .6 .5 .5 .5 .7 C o m m u n ity w elfa re_____ ______ _________ 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 .9 1.1 G ifts and con trib u tio n s to persons o u t sid e th e eco n om ic f a m ily .._ _ _ _ .6 1.8 1.2 .8 1.5 2 .0 1.5 3 .7 O ther ite m s_______________ ________ _ __ .6 .1 .4 .5 .9 .8 1.0 .6 N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 378. 135 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 3 .— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L IE S A ll fam i lies Item E x p e n d itu r e s fo r N o tes on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 378. $100 to $200 $200 to $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 an d over G r o u p s o f Ite m s 266 F a m ilie s in su r v e y _____________________________ A verage fa m ily size: 3.33 P erso n s_______________________ _____________ 3.10 E x p en d itu r e u n it s _____ _________________ 2. 92 F o o d exp en d itu re u n its _ _ _ _ _____________ 2.62 C lo th in g ex p en d itu re u n its ________________ A verage a n n u a l cu rren t ex p en d itu re for— A ll ite m s _________________________________ . $1, 362 423 F o o d _______________ _________ ________ 139 C lo th in g _________________ ______________ 224 H o u sin g ____________________________________ 108 F u el, lig h t, an d r e fr ig e r a tio n __________ 56 O ther h o u seh old op era tio n _______ _____ 65 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t_____________ A u to m o b ile an d m o torcycle— purchase, n o op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e ______ _ _. 23 O ther tra n sp o rta tio n ____ __ ________ 30 P erso n al care________ __ _ _ _ ________ _ 52 M ed ica l care__________ _________________ 76 R ecreation _________________________________ 8 E d u c a tio n ______ _____________ __________ 5 V o ca tio n _________________ _______ ______ 13 C o m m u n ity w elfa re__________ _________ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to p erson s o u t 24 sid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily . 6 O ther ite m s_______________________________ P ercen ta ge of to ta l an n u a l cu rren t e x p en d itu re for— A ll ite m s ______________________ ______________ 100.0 31.0 F o o d _______________________________________ 10.2 ... _ C lo th in g _________________ . . . 16.4 H o u s in g .. _________________________ __ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration_____________ 7.9 4.1 O ther h o u seh old o p eration ___ ___________ 4 .8 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t___________ _ A u to m o b ile an d m o torcycle— purchase, op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e . __ . . . 8.1 1.7 O ther tr a n sp o r ta tio n ... . . . ____ ._ _ 2 .2 P erso n al care_____ ._ . . . _____ 3 .8 M ed ica l care___ __ _________ ____ 5.6 R ecrea tio n ___ _________ _ . . . ____ E d u c a tio n .. . . . ______ __ .6 .4 V o ca tio n ____ . . . ________ _ _ 1.0 C o m m u n ity w elfa re___________________ _ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u t sid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily . _ _ ... 1.8 .4 ________ . . . O ther ite m s .__ __ . . . 5 3 4 8 5 ° — 4( E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d i tu re u n it per year -10 7 6.64 6.00 5. 78 4.69 41 4. 51 4.17 3.93 3. 33 55 3. 72 3. 44 3.23 2.93 55 40 3.24 3.06 2.88 2. 62 2. 75 2.61 2.44 2. 31 30 2.44 2.28 2.16 1.88 38 2.26 2.16 2.05 1.94 $936 $1,079 $1,198 $1,369 $1,440 $1,476 $1,808 429 500 409 411 411 408 456 49 109 142 134 139 138 190 148 172 204 230 262 217 282 106 111 103 125 97 101 119 59 16 35 43 54 66 97 35 10 50 114 104 61 61 9 63 105 47 137 126 231 13 23 122 24 22 26 21 17 34 24 30 29 26 36 8 35 50 73 37 68 68 38 72 57 64 90 96 98 5 9 7 5 5 12 11 2 4 4 9 4 4 11 7 13 7 13 16 10 17 7 25 27 7 12 38 50 1 3 2 11 0 4 18 100.0 100.0 53.4 38.1 5 .2 10.2 15.8 16.0 11.3 9 .0 1.7 3 .2 1.1 3 .2 4 .5 1.0 2 .2 1.5 2 .2 1.8 .9 3 .2 5.3 4.1 1.1 .5 .2 .4 .7 .6 7 .6 .1 .3 100.0 34.3 11.2 17.0 8 .4 3 .6 4 .2 5.3 1.9 2 .2 3.1 5.3 .8 .3 1.1 1.0 .3 100.0 31.3 10.4 16.8 8.1 4 .3 4 .5 7.7 1.6 2 .5 3 .6 5.3 .5 .3 1.2 1.8 .1 100.0 28.3 9 .7 18.1 7 .2 3 .8 4 .2 9.5 1.5 2.1 4.7 6 .2 .8 .3 .9 1.9 .8 100.0 27.7 9.3 14.7 8 .5 4 .5 7 .7 8 .5 1.8 2 .0 4 .6 6 .5 .3 .6 .7 2.6 0 100.0 25.1 10.5 15.6 6 .6 5.4 5 .8 12.8 1.2 2 .0 4 .0 5.4 .3 .6 .9 2 .8 1.0 136 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued D E T R O I T , M IC H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S E co n o m ic le v e l—-F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year Ite m A ll fa m i $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,00 $1,100 to to to to to to to to lies to to an d $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 over E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s F a m ilie s in su r v e y ______________ A verage fa m ily size: P e r s o n s .. ___ _ .. . .. ... E x p en d itu re u n its -------------------F o o d exp en d itu re u n its _____ __ C lo th in g ex p en d itu re u n its_____ A verage a n n u a l current ex p en d i tu re for— A ll ite m s_____________________ F o o d _______________ ____ . . C lo th in g _______________________ H o u s in g _______________________ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration .. O ther h o u seh o ld o p er a tio n . __ F u rn ish in g s an d eq u ip m e n t _ _ A u to m o b ile an d m o to ic y cle— pu rch ase, op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e ____________ O ther tr a n sp o rta tio n .__ . . . _ P erso n al care____ ___________ . M ed ica l care_____ . . . . . _ R ecrea tio n ____ . _ _ _ _ _ _ E d u c a tio n ____ ______ ________ V o c a tio n . ___ ______________ C o m m u n ity w elfare __ _ ___ G ifts an d con trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e eco n o m ic fa m ily ________ _____ __ O ther ite m s_______ ___ _. ._ P ercen ta ge of to ta l a n n u a l current exp en d itu re for— A ll ite m s________ _____ ______ F o o d ___ __ __ ______ __ ___ C lo t h in g ... _ ___ _ H o u sin g ________________________ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration . O ther h o u seh o ld o p e r a tio n .. _ F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t. _ A u to m o b ile an d m o to r cycle— p u rch ase, op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e . __ _____ O ther tra n sp o rta tio n __________ P erso n al care__________________ M ed ica l care___________________ R e cr e a tio n _____________________ E d u c a tio n _____________________ V o c a tio n _______________________ C o m m u n ity w elfare__________ G ifts an d c o n trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e eco n o m ic fa m ily ________________ O ther ite m s____________________ 598 3. 66 3. 37 3.16 2.86 D o t. 16 6. 91 6. 32 6.06 5. 01 59 5.49 4. 88 4.59 3.94 101 4.69 4. 22 3.97 3. 51 122 3. 72 3.42 3.23 2.93 100 3.17 2.90 2.70 2. 41 76 2.86 2.68 2.54 2.33 56 2.55 2.48 2.23 2.14 32 2.3 0 2.20 2.10 2.15 D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o l. D o l. D o l. 10 2.1 4 2.1 2 1.99 2.34 D o l. 7 2.03 2.02 1.90 2.12 D o l. 1,588 1,098 1, 269 1, 426 1, 521 1, 571 1,719 1,762 1,892 2,081 2,226 2,692 514 436 527 549 523 490 524 464 496 507 548 605 186 117 139 171 186 169 213 205 243 231 244 324 242 172 181 209 223 259 248 312 326 272 284 292 114 127 114 126 121 107 121 104 93 90 83 109 29 38 40 41 49 59 67 71 50 75 77 105 12 27 44 58 65 76 89 98 63 94 140 101 142 28 32 66 94 9 3 15 36 21 22 51 41 7 6 14 48 27 24 36 69 11 1 15 70 32 28 42 73 8 2 14 115 25 33 60 82 12 2 15 141 27 29 71 101 7 2 15 155 31 37 97 97 9 4 18 217 23 32 72 106 5 5 15 195 39 39 58 168 3 3 19 409 32 42 110 130 24 5 12 468 18 45 77 166 8 5 15 561 19 40 242 157 11 9 15 26 4 7 0 7 5 12 6 21 4 33 6 28 2 44 2 33 8 47 1 44 4 102 0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 32.4 39.7 41.5 38.6 34.3 11.7 10.7 11.0 12.0 12.2 15.2 15.7 14.2 14.7 14.7 7 .2 11.6 9 .0 8 .8 8 .0 3.1 2 .6 3 .0 2 .8 2 .7 4 .0 1.1 2 .1 3 .1 3 .8 100.0 31.2 10.8 16.5 6 .8 3.1 4.1 100.0 30 .6 12.4 14.5 7 .0 3 .4 4 .4 100.0 26.4 11.7 17.7 5.9 3 .8 5.1 8 .9 1.8 2 .0 4 .2 5 .9 .6 .2 .9 3 .3 1.9 2 .0 4 .6 3 .7 .6 .6 1.3 3 .8 2 .1 1.9 2.8 5 .4 .9 .1 1.2 4 .9 2 .2 2 .0 2 .9 5.1 .6 1 .6 .3 0 .6 .6 .4 .8 .4 N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 378. 19 2. 21 2.16 2 .1 3 2.14 7.6 1.6 2 .2 3 .9 5.4 .8 .1 .1 1.0 9 .0 1.7 1.8 4 .5 6 .5 .4 .1 1.0 1.0 1.4 .3 2.1 .4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 26.2 24.4 24.6 22 .5 12.8 11.1 10.9 12.0 17.2 13.1 12.8 10.8 4 .9 4 .3 3 .7 4 .0 3 .8 3 .6 3 .5 3 .9 5 .2 4 .5 6 .3 3 .8 9 .1 12.1 10.3 1.8 1.3 2 .1 2 .2 1.8 2.1 5 .6 4.1 3 .0 5 .6 6 .0 8 .9 .5 .3 .2 .2 .3 .2 1.0 .9 1.0 1.6 .1 2 .5 .1 1.7 .4 19.7 1.5 2 .0 5 .3 6 .2 1.1 .2 .6 21.0 .8 2 .0 3 .5 7 .4 .4 .2 .7 20.8 .7 1.5 9 .0 5.9 .4 .3 .6 2 .3 .1 2 .0 ;2 3 .8 0 137 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 3 .— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued G R A N D R A P ID S , M I C H — W H IT E F A M IL IE S Ite m E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fam ilies U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 an d over G r o u p s o f Ite m s F a m ilie s in su r v e y ............................................... A verage fa m ily size: P erso n s. __________________________________ E x p en d itu r e u n its_____ _______ ________ F ood exp en d itu re u n its ______ ___________ C loth in g exp en d itu re u n its______________ A verage an n u al current exp en d itu re for— A ll ite m s_____ __ ------------------ -----F o o d ___ __ _______________ __ C lo th in g _________________________________ H o u sin g __________________ __ . ___ __ F u el, lig h t, an d r e fr ig e r a tio n ____ __ O ther h ou seh old op era tio n ____________ F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t___________ A u to m o b ile an d m otorcycle— p u r chase, op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e _ O ther tra n sp o rtation _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ P erson al care_________ ___ ____________ M ed ica l care_____________________ ______ _________ R ecrea tio n ________________ E d u c a tio n ___________ __________ _____ _ V o c a tio n ________________________ C o m m u n ity w elfare____ _____________ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily . ______ O ther ite m s______________________ P ercen tage of total an n u al current exp en d itu re for— A ll ite m s__________________________________ F o o d __________ ______ ______ __ C lo th in g ____________ _ _ ____________ H o u sin g ________________________ _ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration __________ O ther h o u seh old o p era tio n ____________ F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t-------------A u to m o b ile an d m oto rcy cle— p u r chase, op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e . _ O ther tra n sp o rtation ------------------P erso n al care___________________________ M ed ica l care____________________________ R ecrea tio n __________________ _ _______ E d u c a tio n ------------------ ----------------------V o c a t io n .______ __ _______________ C o m m u n ity w e lfa re.__ __________ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e eco n om ic fam ily _ ______ O ther i t e m s ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ 194 3. 52 3. 23 3.03 2.75 47 5.08 4.55 4.29 3.71 39 3. 63 3.33 3.14 2.80 55 3.12 2.87 2. 65 2.46 19 2.84 2. 67 2.57 2. 21 34 2.29 2.20 2.05 2.12 $1, 296 400 149 164 122 51 57 130 14 27 51 65 8 3 23 23 9 $1,104 412 142 127 115 35 33 74 15 24 26 51 9 2 29 9 1 $1,151 399 139 135 124 44 43 78 10 26 41 65 9 2 16 11 9 $1, 260 377 137 166 123 50 69 109 16 25 63 63 10 2 22 21 7 $1,464 418 159 198 134 72 66 122 8 28 72 83 5 8 21 33 37 $1,691 412 183 225 120 73 83 304 18 33 68 78 3 4 27 52 8 100.0 30.9 11.5 12.7 9.4 3 .9 4.4 10.0 1.1 2.1 3 .9 5.0 .6 .2 1.8 1.8 .7 100.0 37.3 12.9 11.5 10.4 3 .2 3.0 6 .7 1.3 2.2 2.4 4 .6 .8 .2 2 .6 .8 .1 100.0 34.6 12.0 11.7 10.8 3.8 3 .7 6.8 .9 2.3 3 .6 5 .6 .8 .2 1.4 1.0 .8 100.0 29.7 10.9 13.2 9 .7 4.0 5 .5 8 .6 1.3 2.0 5.0 5.0 .8 .2 1.8 1.7 .6 iOO.O 28.6 10.9 13.6 9 .2 4.9 4 .5 8.3 .5 1.9 4.9 5.7 .3 .5 1.4 2.3 2.5 100.0 24.3 10.8 13.3 7.1 4.3 4 .9 18.0 1.1 2.0 4 .0 4 .6 .2 .2 1.6 3 .1 N o tes on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 378, E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d i ture u n it per year 6 BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 138 T able 3 .— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S Ite m E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fa m i lie s E c o n o m ic level-—F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per e x p e n d itu r e u n it per year $100 to $200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $200 $600 $300 $500 $400 $700 $700 an d ov er G r o u p s o f Ite m s 203 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ---------------------------A v era g e fa m ily size: 3. 42 P erso n s _ -------------------------------------E x p en d itu r e u n it s __________________ 3.1 6 2.9 6 F o o d e x p e n d itu r e u n it s . --------C lo th in g ex p e n d itu r e u n it s ------ --- _ 2. 78 A v era g e a n n u a l cu rren t e x p e n d itu r e for— A ll ite m s ------------------------------------------ $1, 488 F o o d _____________________ _________ 457 C lo th in g . ----------------------------------163 H o u sin g . ------------ -------------------193 F u e l, lig h t, an d refrig era tio n -----121 O th er h o u se h o ld o p era tio n --------56 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t ._ 88 A u to m o b ile an d m o t o r c y c le p u rch ase, op eration , a n d m a in 149 ten a n c e --------- ------------------O th er tra n sp o rta tio n _ . . . __ __ 29 P erso n a l ca re-------- -----------------31 M e d ic a l care--------------------------------49 R e c r e a tio n ___________________ 81 E d u c a tio n . ----------------------------11 V o c a tio n ____________ . . . ----------5 C o m m u n ity w elfare______________ 24 G ifts a n d c o n tr ib u tio n s to p er so n s o u tsid e th e e co n o m ic 26 fa m ily _____________________ . . O th er ite m s _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ 5 P ercen ta g e of to ta l a n n u a l cu rren t e x p e n d itu r e for— A ll ite m s --------------------------- ------100.0 F ood _ _ . . . ------- ----------- . . 30 .8 C lo th in g -------------------------------------11.0 H o u sin g ------------------------------13.0 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration ____ 8 .1 O th er h o u seh o ld op era tio n ______ 3 .8 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t----5 .9 A u to m o b ile an d m o to r c y c le — p u rch ase, op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e . _ _ _______ 10.0 O ther tra n sp o rta tio n _ _ . . . 2 .0 P erso n al ca re_____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2. 1 M ed ica l care---------------- ----------3 .3 R e c r e a tio n ------------------------- -----5 .4 E d u c a tio n ... __ _ _ __ __ ___ .7 V o c a tio n ______________________ ___ .3 C o m m u n ity w elfa re_____________ 1.6 G ifts a n d c o n tr ib u tio n s to p er so n s o u tsid e th e eco n om ic 1.7 fa m ily ______ ____________________ .3 Otheritems __ __________ N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 378. 5 6.13 5.23 4.90 3.98 21 4.74 4. 22 3.91 3.43 $900 404 82 109 97 34 17 $1,038 401 109 155 112 32 38 50 12 14 30 33 4 0 10 42 29 22 29 43 4 2 14 91 27 26 40 63 8 5 16 4 0 5 1 100.0 44.9 9 .1 12.1 10.8 3 .8 1 .9 3. 49 3. 25 3.08 2.83 35 3. 21 3.01 2. 82 2.70 25 2.70 2. 55 2. 38 2. 30 33 2. 22 2.17 2.06 2.24 $1, 250 $1,414 443 453 154 131 161 189 120 125 42 65 74 56 $1, 654 502 189 208 128 56 118 $1, 635 492 176 220 134 66 97 $2,007 453 227 245 108 80 152 119 26 30 53 68 13 4 20 119 34 33 56 108 24 10 35 165 38 33 56 79 9 4 31 370 23 41 62 129 6 7 14 15 6 18 3 32 2 34 1 35 55 100.0 38.6 10.5 14.9 10.8 3 .1 3 .7 100.0 35.4 10.5 12.8 9 .6 3 .4 4 .5 100.0 32.1 10.9 13.4 8 .8 4 .6 5 .2 100.0 30.4 11.4 12.6 7 .7 3 .4 7 .1 100.0 30.1 10.8 13.5 8 .2 4 .0 5 .9 100.0 22.6 11.4 12.2 5 .4 4 .0 7 .6 5 .6 1.3 1. 6 3 .3 3 .7 .4 0 1.1 4 .0 2 .8 2. 1 2 .8 4.1 .4 .2 1 .4 7 .3 2 .2 2. 1 3 .2 5.0 .6 .4 1.3 8 .4 1 .8 2. 1 3 .8 4 .8 .9 .3 1.4 7 .2 2 .1 2. 0 3 .4 6 .5 1.5 .6 2 .1 10.1 2 .3 2. 0 3 .4 4 .8 .6 .2 1 .9 18.5 1.1 2. 0 3 .1 6 .4 .3 .3 1 .7 .4 .5 .1 1 .2 .5 1.3 .2 1 .9 .1 2 .1 .1 2 .7 .7 0 49 3. 87 3. 53 3. 26 3.02 35 139 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 3. — Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .—N E G R O F A M I L IE S A ll fa m ilies Ite m E x p e n d itu r e s fo r $100 to $200 $200 to $300 $300 to $400 $400 an d over G r o u p s o f Ite m s F a m ilies in su r v e y ------------------------------------------------------A verage fa m ily size: P erso n s_______________ .. _ _ __ __ . . . . E x p en d itu re u n its ------------- ------ -----------------------F o o d exp en d itu re u n its . . . . . . _ _______ _____ C o th in g exp en d itu re u n its _________ __ ___________ A verage a n n u a l cu rren t exp en d itu re for— A ll ite m s ______________________________________________ F o o d _____________ _________ _______ ____________ C lo th in g _______________ . -------------------------H o u sin g _____________________________________________ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration--------------------------------O ther h o u seh o ld o p e r a t i o n .... ______ __ . . . __ . F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t. _ _________________ A u to m o b ile an d m o torcycle— p u rch ase, opera tion , an d m a in te n a n c e------- ------------------------ . O ther tra n sp o rta tio n .. ------- . . . --------- --- __ __ P erso n al care_____ __ ____________ __ -- . . M ed ica l care___________________ ______________ R ecrea tio n ___ . . . -------------------------_ _ _ E d u c a tio n ___________________________________________ V o ca tio n ______________________ ___________ ______ C o m m u n ity w elfare_______________________________ G ifts an d con trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily . ______ ___________ . . . _______ O th e r ite m s __ ____. . . ----------- . . . . . . . . . _ P ercen ta ge of to ta l an n u al current exp en d itu re for— _ __ A llite m s -------- --------------------F o o d ------------------ ---------------------------- ----------C lo th in g ______________________ _____ . -----------H o u sin g . __ --------------------------------- --------- ------F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration— -----------------------O ther h o u seh old o p er a tio n . __ . . . ______ __ F u rn ish in g s an d eq u ip m en t __ ________ . . . A u to m o b ile an d m o to rcy cle— purchase, opera tio n , an d m a in te n a n c e . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ O th er tra n sp o rta tio n _______ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __ P erso n al care____________ _____ ______ M e d ic a l care. _ _ .. -------------- ---------------R e c r e a tio n _______________ _______ ___ __ ______ E d u c a tio n ________ __ ____________ __ . . . _ __ V o c a tio n ___ __ ___ . . . __ ------------ ------C o m m u n ity w elfa re_______ _____________________ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily _______ . _ _ _ __ __ ________ O th e r ite m s_________________________ __ . . . _ 1 L ess th a n $0.50. 2 L ess th an 0.05 p ercen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 378. E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year 101 3.63 3.26 3.00 2.80 18 6. 33 5.50 5.08 4. 52 27 3.98 3. 50 3. 21 2. 85 24 2. 96 2. 78 2. 55 2.61 32 2.31 2.14 2.00 1.95 $941 342 94 134 106 29 46 25 32 21 33 44 3 1 20 11 $867 367 92 128 95 25 19 $963 315 101 151 109 33 52 $1,033 353 97 136 108 32 62 8 22 16 44 32 6 0 12 1 0 $860 335 85 122 107 26 39 18 30 19 23 32 3 0 15 6 0 0) 16 38 25 32 50 4 2 24 11 48 34 23 35 57 1 2 24 20 * 1 100.0 36.3 10.0 14.2 11.3 3.1 4 .9 100.0 42.3 10.6 14.8 11.0 2.9 2 .2 .9 2. 5 1.8 5.1 3.7 .7 .0 1.4 .1 0 100.0 39.0 10.0 14.2 12.4 3 .0 4 .5 2.1 3. 5 2. 2 2.7 3.7 .3 .0 1.7 .7 0 100.0 32.8 10.5 15.7 11.3 3 .4 5.4 1.7 3. 9 2. 6 3.3 5.2 .4 .2 2 .5 1.1 (2) 100.0 34 .2 9 .4 13.2 10.5 3.1 6 .0 4. 6 3. 3 2. 2 3 .4 5 .5 .1 .2 2 .3 1. 9 .1 0) (2) 2. 7 3. 4 2. 2 3 .5 4 .7 .3 .1 2.1 1.2 140 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 3 .— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued L A N S I N G , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S Item E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fa m ilies U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 an d $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 over G ro u p s o f Ite m s 145 F a m ilie s in s u r v e y ................................................. ......... A verage fa m ily size: 3.37 P erso n s________________ _____ _____________ ____ 3.10 E x p en d itu r e u n its---------------------------------------2.90 F o o d e x p e n d itu r e u n its------------- __ . . C lo th in g e x p e n d itu r e u n it s . ____________ _ 2.63 A verage a n n u a l cu rren t ex p en d itu re for: $1,364 A ll ite m s ------------------------------------------------401 F o o d __________________________________ C lo th in g . _ -----------------------------------------163 205 H o u sin g ----------- ----------------------------- ----------124 F u e l, lig h t, an d refrigeration -----------------O th er h o u seh o ld o p er a tio n .— ---------------61 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t.. -------------69 A u to m o b ile an d m o torcycle— p u rch ase, op eration , an d m a i n t e n a n c e ..._______ 126 O th er tra n sp o ra tio n ----------------------------------10 30 P erso n a l c a re. ----------------------------------------55 M e d ic a l care -------------- ------------ ----------R ecrea tio n ------------------ -------------- -----63 E d u c a tio n ---------------------------------------------------7 2 V o c a tio n .. __________ ____ . . -------------13 C o m m u n ity w elfa re_______________________ G P ts a n d c o n tr ib u tio n s to p erson s o u tsid e th e eco n o m ic fa m ily ._ _______ . . . _____ 27 8 O th er ite m s ____ __ _______ . . . . . _ . . . . P ercen ta ge o f to ta l a n n u a l cu rren t e x p e n d i tu re for— 100.0 A ll i t e m s . . --------- --------- -------------- ------------29.3 F ood ----------------------- ---------------------------C lo th in g - . ---------------- ------------ . 12.0 15.0 H o u sin g -------------------- -----------------------------F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration -------------------9.1 O ther h o u seh o ld op eration . _________ 4. 5 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t.. . . ------5.1 A u to m o b ile an d m oto rcy cle— p u rch ase, op eration , an d m a in te n a n c e _____ . . . _ 9 .3 O ther tra n sp o rta tio n -------. . ------.7 2 .2 P erso n al care ------------ _ . . _. ----------4 .0 M ed ica l care -------------------------------------------R e c r e a tio n .----------- ------- ----------- --- _ _ 4 .6 E d u c a tio n .. ._ ___________ . . . . . . --------.5 .1 V o c a tio n ------ ------------- ------- ----------- — . C o m m u n ity w elfa re. ________ . . . _____ 1.0 G ifts an d c o n tr ib u tio n s to p erson s o u t 2 .0 sid e th e eco n o m ic fa m ily _ _________ .6 O th er it e m s .._ ____________________________ N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 378. E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d i tu re u n it per year 28 4.8 6 4. 35 4.08 3.50 30 3.8 4 3. 52 3. 26 2. 95 $1,077 $1,182 377 408 134 128 157 195 113 121 41 55 37 56 60 51 9 8 22 28 42 50 44 45 12 8 1 2 14 9 12 16 2 2 28 3. 27 3.01 2.80 2. 58 17 2. 68 2. 48 2. 34 2.02 22 2.1 7 2.1 0 1.97 2.0 6 $1,319 $1,335 $1,600 408 376 425 149 168 214 202 226 198 116 131 147 66 54 82 83 66 89 86 119 208 6 12 9 30 28 38 62 57 38 64 61 80 3 5 7 1 2 3 14 21 6 18 19 40 11 5 1 $1,867 422 222 267 132 74 93 305 16 37 80 99 7 1 14 69 29 100.0 35.1 12.4 14.6 10.5 3 .8 3 .4 5 .6 .8 2 .0 3 .9 4.1 1.1 .1 1 .3 100.0 34.4 10.8 16.5 10.2 4 .7 4 .7 4 .3 .7 2 .4 4 .2 3 .8 .7 .2 .8 100.0 30.9 11.2 15.3 8 .8 5.0 6 .3 6 .5 .5 2 .3 4 .7 4 .9 .2 1.1 1.4 1.4 ,2 .2 20 2. 61 2.43 2. 30 2.12 .1 1.1 .8 100.0 28.1 12.6 16.9 9 .9 4 .0 4 .9 8 .9 .9 2 .1 4 .3 4 .6 .4 .2 .4 1.4 .4 100.0 26. 5 13.3 12.4 9 .2 5.1 5 .6 13.0 .6 2 .4 2 .4 5 .0 .4 .2 1.3 2 .5 .1 100.0 22. 5 11.8 14.3 7 .0 4 .0 5 .0 16.3 .9 2 .0 4 .3 5 .3 .4 .1 .8 3 .7 1 .6 141 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 3 .— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued M I L W A U K E E , W IS .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S Ite m A ll fam i lies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n der $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 to $800 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 to to to and $900 $1,000 $1,100 over E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s 56 42 66 25 446 79 116 33 11 F a m ilie s in su r v e y __ ----------7 11 A verage fa m ily size: 3. 54 5. 72 4. 71 3. 52 3.23 2.58 2. 57 2.1 2 2.10 2.47 2.0 0 P e r so n s.. ________ _____ E x p en d itu r e u n its _______ _ _ 3. 24 5.06 4. 22 3. 23 3.00 2. 42 2.40 2. 01 1.99 2.39 1.98 F o o d ex p en d itu re u n i t s . ____ 3.01 4. 72 3. 92 2. 98 2. 79 2.24 2.24 1.94 1.88 2. 22 1.86 C lo th in g e x p en d itu re u n its ___ 2. 78 4.10 3. 50 2. 78 2. 63 2.17 2.09 1.81 1.88 2. 34 2.09 A verage a n n u a l cu rren t ex p e n d i tu re for: A ll ite m s ----------------------------------- $1, 564 $1, 214 $1,465 $1, 429 $1, 620 $1, 562 $1, 805 $1, 683 $1,917 $2,490 $2, 565 510 529 560 494 526 468 473 493 493 518 540 F o o d _________________________ 167 113 170 155 186 142 188 169 213 258 318 C lo t h in g ------------- _ 275 185 253 256 295 319 312 282 333 352 392 H o u sin g --------------- ------------124 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration. 117 121 128 129 123 123 131 131 87 106 O th er h o u seh o ld o p era tio n . _ 40 53 47 76 67 76 48 27 40 49 82 72 41 42 56 65 87 121 106 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t. 30 234 177 A u to m o b ile an d m o to r c y c le p u rch ase, op eration , and 93 205 123 225 529 527 101 56 88 25 46 m a in te n a n c e ----------------------36 O ther tr a n sp o r ta tio n ------- --32 39 45 39 49 39 36 27 36 42 21 27 29 28 29 31 28 27 25 36 P erso n al care____ ____ . . . 49 72 176 119 102 64 34 55 63 82 58 68 M e d ic a l care. _ ____. . . . 52 69 81 83 86 76 70 81 R ecreation _________________ 77 118 139 1 1 9 9 7 E d u c a tio n ____. . . . . . . . . . 8 8 0 1 7 0 8 7 8 8 8 V o c a tio n . _________________ 8 9 8 3 10 5 21 21 11 19 20 15 17 C o m m u n ity w e lfa r e . _ _ _. 18 29 26 18 G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to p erson s o u tsid e th e eco 15 20 24 44 20 9 10 25 47 45 n o m ic fa m ily . . _______ 64 4 1 1 21 1 32 7 72 7 7 O ther item s _ _________ 4 P ercen ta ge of to ta l an n u a l cur ren t ex p en d itu re for: A ll ite m s -------------------------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 F o o d ___. . . _____ __ _______ 32.6 43.6 3 8 .2 34.6 32.5 30 .0 26 .2 29.3 25.7 20.8 21.1 C lo t h in g ___________________ 10.7 9 .3 11.6 10.9 11.5 9.1 10.4 10.0 11.1 10.4 12.4 H o u sin g ____ _______________ 17.5 15.3 17.3 17.9 18.2 20.4 17.2 16.7 17.3 14.2 15.3 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration . 7 .9 7.9 6.8 7.8 6 .8 3 .5 4 .1 9 .6 8 .3 9 .0 8 .0 O ther h o u seh o ld op era tio n . _ 3.1 2. 2 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 .4 4 .2 4 .0 4 .0 2.0 3 .2 3 .4 2 .9 3 .9 4 .0 5 .6 6 .7 6 .3 1 .6 9 .4 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t. 4 .6 6 .9 A u to m o b ile a n d m o to r c y c le -p u r c h a s e , o p era 2 .1 3 .1 3 .9 5 .4 6 .0 11.4 7 .3 11 .7 21.3 2 0 .5 tio n , an d m a in te n a n c e ____ 6 .5 1 .4 1 .4 O th e r tr a n s p o r ta tio n _______ 2. 5 2 .6 2 .5 2 .7 2 .8 2 .3 2 .2 2 .9 1 .6 1.9 1 .7 1 .8 1 .9 1 .8 1 .8 1 .6 1 .8 1.3 1 .4 P er so n a l c a re__________ ____ 1 .8 2 .8 4 .0 3 .8 4 .2 4 .1 4 .5 4 .3 9 .2 4 .8 4 .0 M e d ic a l care__________________ 4 .1 4 .3 4 .8 4 .8 5 .0 5 .3 4 .5 5.1 4 .0 4 .7 5 .4 R e c r e a tio n ...________________ 4 .9 .4 .1 .6 .6 .1 0 0) 0 .4 .7 .5 E d u c a t i o n ._______ . . . . . . .5 .5 .4 .5 .2 .4 V o c a tio n ____________ _______ .5 .5 .7 .5 .2 1 .0 1 .3 1 .0 1.3 1 .2 1 .2 1 .5 1.0 C o m m u n ity w e lfa r e . __ _ _ 1 .2 .9 .7 G ifts a n d c o n tr ib u tio n s to p erson s o u tsid e th e e c o 1.1 1. 2 1.5 1 .4 2 .6 2 .6 1.8 2 .5 1.3 .7 .7 n o m ic fa m ily ______________ .4 .4 1 .2 .1 .2 .3 1.7 2 .9 .4 .1 .1 O th er ite m s__________________ 1 L ess th a n 0.05 p ercen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 378. 142 T EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily income in schedule year, by economic level able C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L IE S A ll fa m ilies Item D isp o s itio n of M o n ey S c h e d u le Y e a r N o t R e c e iv e d U sed fo r D u r in g E co n o m ic lev el —F am ilies sp en d in g per e x p e n d i ture u n it per year U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700an d $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 over th e C u rren t F a m ily E x p e n d itu r e 352 72 31 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ______________________________ 88 55 42 N u m b e r of fam ilies d isp o sin g of fu n d s in: Increase in assets: In crease in cash: 9 0 4 2 O n h a n d __________________________________ 1 1 5 0 1 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t_____________________ 0 0 3 42 3 8 10 In sa v in g s a cco u n t_______________________ 9 3 In v e stm e n t in: 12 2 4 1 Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e ____________ 0 0 O ther real e sta te (in clu d in g real esta te 2 0 1 1 m o rtg a g es)_____________________________ 0 0 4 1 0 0 B u ild in g an d loa n sh a res_______________ 0 1 5 0 2 0 S to ck s an d b o n d s________________________ 0 0 4 0 3 1 O ther p ro p erty ___________________________ 0 0 P a y m e n t of p rem iu m s for in su ra n ce policies: 31 326 66 81 51 L ife in su ra n ce-----------------------------------------41 5 0 0 1 2 A n n u itie s_________________________________ 1 2 0 0 0 Increase in o u tsta n d in g loan s to oth ers _ _ 1 0 D ecrease in liab ilities: P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of m ortgages an d 45 3 13 8 6 d o w n p a y m e n t on o w n h o m e __________ 7 8 1 5 P a y m e n t o n p rin cip al of oth er m ortg a g es. 0 1 1 P a y m e n t of d e b ts to: 1 0 0 1 0 B a n k s_____________________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 In su ra n ce c o m p a n ies____________________ 0 0 4 0 3 0 S m all-loa n co m p a n ies___________________ 0 0 F irm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: 8 0 1 2 A u to m o b ile s___________________________ 1 0 32 4 7 7 7 O ther g o o d s____________________________ 3 3 2 0 0 In d iv id u a ls_______________________________ 0 0 14 0 1 4 4 O th er_____________ ________________________ 2 A verage a m o u n t o f fu n d s d isp o sed in: In crease in assets an d /or decrease in lia b ili tie s, ________ _________________________________ $189.10 $131. 07 $280. 61 $127. 54 $175. 34 $157. 08 In crease in a sse ts_____________________________ 137. 29 105.18 181. 95 101.12 134. 56 104. 66 Increase in cash: 3.12 0 5. 98 2. 44 O n h a n d __________________________________ 3. 64 2. 98 2.47 0 2. 08 In c h eck in g a c c o u n t_____________________ 0 0 13. 33 In sa v in g s a cco u n t_______________________ 14.01 .4 8 13. 71 7.92 26.24 3. 60 In v e stm e n t in — 6. 62 Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e ____________ 7. 09 7. 99 .5 7 0 0 O th er real e sta te (in clu d in g real esta te 0 62. 50 m o rtg a g es)_______ ^____________________ 12.86 .2 8 0 0 2.19 B u ild in g an d lo a n sh a re s_______________ 12.90 0 0 0 3. 71 4.03 0 1. 70 S tock s an d b o n d s________________________ 0 0 0 O ther p ro p erty ___________________________ .70 0 2. 92 .41 0 0 P a y m e n t of p rem iu m s for in su ran ce policies: L ife in su r a n ce----------------------------------------- 89.45 85.18 85. 07 88. 82 103. 41 79. 33 A n n u itie s _____ _____ _____________________ 1.07 0 0 .68 1.20 1. 71 In crease in o u tsta n d in g loa n s to o th e r s, __ .30 0 0 0 .0 7 0 D ecrea se in lia b ilitie s________________________ 51.81 25.89 98. 66 26. 42 40.78 52. 42 P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of m ortgages an d d o w n p a y m e n t on o w n h o m e ___________ 31. 73 17.44 74. 73 13.26 13.68 36.80 P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of oth er m ortg a g es. 2.16 3. 87 5. 57 0 2. 91 1.86 P a y m e n t of d eb ts to: B a n k s_____________________________________ 0 0 .50 1.99 0 0 0 0 In su ra n ce c o m p a n ies____________________ 0 0 0 0 S m all-loa n co m p a n ies___________________ 1.78 0 4. 53 0 0 0 F irm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: A u to m o b ile s___________________________ 3.16 0 1. 22 2. 73 1.36 0 O ther g o o d s____________________________ 7.94 4.58 7.11 4. 94 15.09 9. 36 In d iv id u a ls_______________________________ .4 9 0 1. 72 0 0 0 O th er_____________________________________ 4.0 5 0 3. 78 3. 50 7.74 4.4 0 N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 379. 64 1 1 9 5 0 2 3 0 56 1 1 8 0 0 0 1 4 4 1 3 $231. 70 176.07 2.00 2.50 25. 61 26. 02 0 3. 38 20.24 0 91.95 2.81 1. 56 55.63 27. 85 0 0 0 4. 69 11.08 7.57 .7 8 3.6 6 143 TABULAR SUMMARY T 4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued able C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed A ll fa m ilies Ite m F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r S ou rces O th e r S c h ed u le Y ear T han F a m ily F a m ily U se U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 an d $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 over F rom In co m e in 352 F a m ilie s in su r v e y -------------------------------------------F a m ilie s receiv in g fu n d s from — D ecrease in assets: R e d u ctio n in cash: 6 O n h a n d _______ ___ ________________ In ch eck in g a c c o u n t. _ _____ ____ 5 75 In sa v in g s a c c o u n t_______ _____________ Sale of p rop erty: R ea l e sta te (in clu d in g real esta te m ort1 g a g e s)--------------------------------------------------1 B u ild in g an d loa n shares _ _________ 6 S tock s an d b o n d s____ __ . _______ 4 G ood s an d c h a tte ls .. ______ _____ 0 O ther p r o p e r ty _________ _ _ _ _ _ _ In su ra n ce p olicies: 24 S u rren d er________________________ _____ 5 S e ttle m e n t_____ __ R e ce ip ts from o u tsta n d in g loan s to 5 o th e r s______ _ ________ __ _ ___ Increase in liab ilities: 1 Increase in m ortgages on o w n h o m e ___ 3 In crease in oth er m ortgag es___ _ _ _ In crease in d ebts: 2 P a y a b le to b a n k s_______ 2 P a y a b le to in su ra n ce c o m p a n ies_______ 19 P a y a b le to sm a ll-lo an com p a n ies _ _ P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: 16 A u to m o b ile s____________________ 94 O ther g o o d s______________ _ _ ____ 12 P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls____ ___________ _ 79 O ther d e b ts__________________________ 4 In h e r ita n c e ________________ __ ________ A verage am o u n t of fu n d s received from — D ecrease in assets an d /or increase in lia b ili ties ___________ _____ __ __ ___ $175. 09 102. 30 D ecrease in a sse ts______ __ _______ R e d u ctio n in cash: 3.81 O n h a n d . _ _ _______________ 9. 26 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t. ___ ________ ___ 64. 06 In sa vin g s a c c o u n t_____ ______ _ _ _ Sale of property: R eal esta te, (in clu d in g real e sta te m ort 1.42 gages) _________________ ______________ .99 B u ild in g an d loa n sh a res_____ __ __ _ 6.31 S tock s an d b o n d s__________________ _ .44 G ood s an d c h a tte ls__________________ __ 0 O ther p r o p erty ____________________ __ In su ra n ce p olicies: Su rren d er____________________________ __ 12. 57 2. 25 S e ttle m e n t____________________ ___ R e ce ip ts from o u tsta n d in g loa n s to o th ers______ ______ __ ___ _ __ ___ _ _ 1.19 72. 79 In crease in lia b ilitie s___ ___ _______ 4.12 In crease in m ortgag es on o w n h o m e ______ In crease in oth er m o rtgag es_____ __ __ _ 1.34 In crease in debts: 1.61 P a y a b le to b a n k s ______________________ .28 P a y a b le to in su ra n ce co m p a n ies _ _ __ _ 6.13 P a y a b le to sm a ll-lo an c o m p a n ies______ P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: 11.92 A u to m o b ile s___ _ _ _ _ _ _ O ther g o o d s ,. __ _ __ _ ___ _ 28. 06 P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls ................___ 5. 01 O ther d eb ts __ __________ __ _ _______ 14. 32 4. 76 In h erita n ce ______ ________ _______ ___ N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 379. E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per e x p en d i tu re u n it per year 31 72 88 55 42 64 0 1 4 1 0 10 1 1 18 1 0 16 2 0 12 1 3 15 0 0 1 0 0 5 0 1 0 1 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 1 0 0 2 0 4 0 1 1 0 0 6 2 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 2 3 0 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 10 1 9 1 0 16 2 15 1 3 22 2 22 0 0 15 0 9 1 5 10 2 9 0 8 21 5 15 1 $85. 05 $185. 74 $103. 00 $147. 88 $184. 73 32.74 141.73 52.25 96. 90 87.14 1.42 2.78 0 1.18 21. 67 1.17 0 7. 26 0 0 7. 58 111. 34 27. 91 83. 71 36.17 $323. 04 175.14 .66 45. 82 89. 35 0 0 4. 68 0 0 11.45 0 1.77 52.31 0 .64 0 3. 22 17. 39 0 0 0 0 0 27. 26 0 .35 44. 01 0 0 7.85 0 4.04 0 0 3. 98 0 .85 4. 57 0 * 0 0 0 12. 86 6. 71 3. 49 0 .57 .73 50. 75 50.98 0 0 8.24 0 0 0 0 0 4. 24 6.87 11.90 0 0 1.78 0 5.98 3. 69 5.95 97. 59 0 0 0 0 9. 25 0 0 27. 34 1.25 0 5. 56 5.16 0 147.90 22. 65 0 0 0 2.92 0 16. 00 3. 22 11.84 16.13 0 23.78 .69 7. 65 1.04 10. 66 22. 33 1.42 12.10 0 0 21.66 0 14. 21 1.82 34.11 34.82 6. 67 12.74 0 28. 53 47. 67 18. 91 27. 22 15.62 144 T EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 4 . — Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S able A ll fam i lies Item D is p o s itio n o f M o n e y R e c e iv e d D u r in g th e S c h e d u le Y e a r N o t fo r C u rren t F a m ily U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 an d over U sed E x p e n d itu r e F a m ilie s in su r v e y -______- _________- -- __________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies d isp o sin g of fu n d s in — In crease in assets: In crease in cash: In c h eck in g a c c o u n t__ _ _ _________ _ _ _ _ ________ In sa v in g s a c c o u n t___ __ ____ __ _____ __ ______ In v e s tm e n t in — O th er real e sta te (in clu d in g real esta te m ortgages) _ _____ P a y m e n t of p rem iu m s for in su ra n ce policies: L ife in su r a n ce____________ - __________________ - _________ A n n u ities - - ____- - ____ ______ ______ _____________ In crease in o u tsta n d in g loa n s to oth ers___ ____ ______ __ __ D ecrease in liab ilities: P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of m ortgages an d d o w n p a y m e n t on o w n h o m e ____________ - _____ - _____ ___________ P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of oth er m o r t g a g e s ._____ ______ P a y m e n t of d e b ts to — B a n k s ______ _____ _______ _____ ____ _________ ____ In su ra n ce c o m p a n ies_______________ _______ ____ ____ __ _ S m all-loa n co m p a n ies . _______ __ . . _____ F irm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: A u to m o b ile s . . _ . ____________ . . _______ ____ O ther g o o d s ._ _____ ________ ______ . . . . . . . _. In d iv id u a ls _____ _____ _______ ___ ______ __ O th er______________ _____ _______ __ _________ _____________ A verage am o u n t of fu n d s d isp o sed in — In crease in assets an d/or decrease in lia b ilitie s ______ _____ Increase in a sse ts. _________ _ _________ _______ . . _____ In crease in cash: On hand _______ - - ________ - - - - ____ ______ In c h eck in g acco u n t __________ ________ __ _______ ____ In sa v in g s a c c o u n t __________________ . . . _______ In v e stm e n t in — Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e _____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ O th er real e sta te (in clu d in g real e sta te m ortgages) B u ild in g an d loa n shares _____ __ ________________ __ S to ck s an d b o n d s___________ _ _ _ ______________ ____ __ O ther p r o p e r ty ___________ ___________ _______ ______ P a y m e n t of p rem iu m s for in su ra n ce policies: L ife in su ra n ce __ _ ________ A n n u ities ____ _ _ _ _ _ ______________ ____ In crease in o u tsta n d in g loa n s to o th ers. _ __ _ _______ _ _ _ D ecrease in lia b ilitie s _______ P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of m ortgages an d d o w n p a y m e n t on o w n h o m e _____ _ ________ __ _ ______ __ P a y m e n t on p rin cip a l of oth er m o rtg a g es. ______________ _ P a y m e n t of d e b ts to— B a n k s. ______ ___ __________ ____ __ _ _____ ______ ____ In su ra n ce c o m p a n ie s _________ ______________________ _____ S m all-loa n co m p a n ies_____ _ _ _ _ ______________ F irm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: A u to m o b iles __ _____ _____ _____ ___________ ______ __ O ther g o o d s_____ __ _ ______ ____ __ _ _ ______ _______ __ In d iv id u a ls _ _____ _____ _____ _ _ _ _ _ _ O ther ______ _______ _________ _ _ __ ___________ N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 379. E c o n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year 100 36 26 38 0 0 7 1 0 0 0 ' 0 94 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 33 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 o 0 0 35 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 11 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 1 $80.15 66.12 0 0 4. 85 . 70 0 0 0 0 60. 45 . 12 0 14.03 1. 90 0 0 0 0 0 8.96 2. 33 .8 4 $72. 43 64. 82 0 0 0 1.94 0 0 0 0 62. 53 .3 5 0 7. 61 3.08 0 0 0 0 0 3.06 0 1.47 $76. 60 64.87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64.87 0 0 11.73 0 0 0 0 0 0 11. 73 0 0 $89.89 68. 21 0 0 12. 76 0 0 0 0 0 55. 45 0 0 21.68 2.07 0 0 0 0 0 12.66 6.13 .8 2 145 TABULAR SUMMARY T 4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued able C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed A ll fam i lies Ite m F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m ily F a m ily I n c o m e in X J se F r o m S c h e d u le U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 an d over S o u r c e s O th e r T h a n Year F a m ilies in su r v e y _____ ___ _ _______ ________________ _______ N u m b e r of fam ilies receivin g fu n d s from — D ecrease in assets: R e d u ctio n in cash: O n h a n d _______ ____________ ___ ________ _______________ In ch eck in g a c c o u n t___________________ __ ___________ _ _ In sa v in g s a c c o u n t___ _______ __________ _________________ Sale of property: _______ R ea l e sta te (in clu d in g real e sta te m ortgages) _ B u ild in g an d loa n shares _ ________ S tock s an d b o n d s. . .. . .. __________ G oods an d c h a tte ls. _______________ _ O ther p ro p erty __ . . . __ . . . ______ __ ________ _____ . . In su ra n ce policies: Su rren d er___________ . . . _____ _ . . . __ S e ttle m e n t______ _____. __ _________ _____________ _ R eceip ts from o u tsta n d in g loan s to others ____ ________ In crease in liab ilities: Increase in m ortgages on ow n h om e _____ _ __ _ In crease in oth er m ortgag es______________ __________ __ _ . In crease in d ebts: P a y a b le to b a n k s .______ ________ _ _____________ _ _ P a y a b le to in su ra n ce com p a n ies _ _ _ ____________ P a y a b le to sm a ll-lo an com p a n ies ____ P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: A u to m o b ile s________ _ ________ ___________ _ O ther g o o d s . . _____ ______ ____ _ . . . ________ . P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls _ _____________ O ther d e b ts___ ________________ ______ ___________ In h erita n ce . . . ___ _ . . . ___. . . _____ ______ __ _ _ . A verage am o u n t of fu n d s received from : D ecrease in assets an d/or increase in lia b ilities _ _ _ _ _____ D ecrease in a s se ts. _______ _ _____ _ . . . ______ R ed u ctio n in cash: O n h a n d _______ ______ _ _______ __ _________________ . In ch eck in g accou n t . . _ _______ ____ _______ _ In sa v in g s a cco u n t___ ___________ _ ________ ______ _____ Sale of property: R ea l e sta te (in clu d in g real esta te m ortgages) _ _ . . . B u ild in g an d loan shares S tock s an d b o n d s___ _ ______ __ G ood s an d c h a tte ls. ______ __ _ _____ __ _ _____ __ __ O ther p rop erty _ __________________ . . . In su ra n ce policies: S u rren d er_________ . . . _ ________ ___________ _ S e ttle m e n t___ . _ _ _ _ _ ______ __ ____ R eceip ts from o u tsta n d in g loan s to others __ ______ Increase in lia b ilities _________ ___________ _______ __ Increase in m ortgages on o w n h o m e ______ ___ _ _ In crease in oth er m o rtgag es___ ____________ _ _______ __ _ . In crease in debts: P a y a b le to b a n k s ._______________ ______ _ . _ . P a y a b le to in su ra n ce com p a n ies . . . _ _ _ P a y a b le to sm a ll-lo an com p a n ies P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: A u to m o b ile s___ _ _________ ... _ ._ . O ther goods _____ _ P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls ___ _ __ _________ O ther d e b ts____________ ._ _______ ______ ___ ___ In h erita n ce___ _____ _________________ ___ __ _ ___ _ ___ _ N o tes on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 379. E c o n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year 100 36 26 38 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 - 0 0 0 7 1 37 5 18 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 14 2 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 10 1 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 13 2 5 0 $51. 64 8. 23 0 0 5. 42 0 0 0 0 0 1.06 1. 75 0 43. 41 . 19 0 0 0 5.17 1. 31 28.15 2.00 6.59 0 $51. 49 3. 27 0 0 .33 0 0 0 0 0 2. 94 0 0 48. 22 .53 0 0 0 5.19 0 30. 75 3. 56 8.19 0 $57. 27 14.42 0 0 7. 69 0 0 0 0 0 0 6. 73 0 42. 85 0 0 0 0 8.08 0 26. 73 .77 7. 27 0 $47.90 8.68 0 0 8.68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39.22 0 0 0 0 3.16 3.44 26.65 1.37 4.60 0 146 T EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 4 . — Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S E co n o m ic le v e l— F am ilies sp e n d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year A ll fam i Ite m U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 to $800 lies an d $300 $400 $500 $700 $800 $600 over able D is p o s itio n o f M o n e y R ec e iv e d D u r in g th e S c h e d u le Y e a r N o t U sed fo r C u r r en t F a m ily E x p e n d itu r e 490 F a m ilie s in s u r v e y _____ ______ __ 35 82 83 106 66 44 74 N u m b e r of fam ilies d isp o sin g of fu n d s in — In crease in assets: In crease in cash: 9 2 2 0 0 3 O n hand__ ______________ _ 2 0 6 1 1 1 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t____ 0 0 1 2 49 1 5 12 In sa v in g s a c c o u n t.. _________ 8 8 6 9 In v e s tm e n t in — 8 1 Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e ... 4 0 1 1 0 1 O th er real e sta te (in clu d in g 4 0 1 2 0 0 real e sta te m o rtgag es)________ 1 0 0 B u ild in g an d loa n sh a re s._ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 S to ck s an d b o n d s __ . . . _ _ 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 12 3 2 2 O ther p r o p e r ty .__ _ . . . 0 0 2 3 P a y m e n t of p rem iu m s for in su r an ce policies: 461 35 102 77 75 62 L ife in su ra n ce____ _ _ _ . . . 42 68 18 2 3 1 4 3 A n n u i t i e s .._______ 3 2 In crease in o u tsta n d in g loan s to 18 1 1 1 5 3 oth ers___ _ ___ _ _______ __ 3 4 D ecrease in lia b ilities: P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of m o r t gages an d d o w n p a y m e n t on 58 6 14 6 11 8 o w n h o m e . ________ ___ _ _ 8 5 P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of other 19 4 2 4 5 2 2 m o rtgag es_____ __ _ 0 P a y m e n t of d e b ts to— 3 3 0 0 0 0 B a n k s__________ _ __________ 0 0 3 2 0 1 0 0 In su ra n ce com p a n ies ___ ___ 0 0 21 4 4 1 3 S m all-loa n co m p a n ies. _ _ __ 6 2 1 F irm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t p lan: 15 2 4 4 0 2 0 A u to m o b ile s ____________ 3 46 3 10 8 7 9 3 O th er goods ______________ 6 24 2 4 1 4 0 10 I n d iv id u a ls . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 46 4 9 13 4 4 O th er___ ___________ _ 10 2 A verage a m o u n t of fu n d s d isp o sed in: In crease in assets an d /or decrease $179. 31 $116. 28 $157. 66 $193. 69 $200. 85 $192. 71 $184. 62 $173. 32 in lia b ilitie s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ In crease in a sse ts____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 122. 33 79.00 114. 75 120.07 129. 60 147. 66 130. 02 119.15 In crease in cash: 1. 34 . 54 6. 73 2. 50 0 O n h a n d _____ _ _______ 0 . 57 0 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t___________ .4 9 1. 71 0 1. 72 .3 0 0 1.89 6.86 14. 02 In sa v in g s accou n t ______ 13.48 12. 66 7.79 33.37 12.14 13.93 .1 7 In v e s tm e n t in — 2.44 Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e . _ _ 1.14 2. 67 .3 1 .7 6 0 0 .01 O th er real e sta te (in clu d in g real 2. 01 e sta te m o rtg a g es)_______ 0 0 8.4 9 .6 5 0 .6 8 0 B u ild in g an d loa n sh a res______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S to ck s an d b o n d s. _ _ __ .6 6 1.09 0 0 2.3 8 1.59 0 0 O th er p r o p e r ty ______ ____ 1. 20 .1 5 3.6 0 .5 0 .7 0 1.79 0 0 P a y m e n t of p rem iu m s for in su r an ce p olicies: L ife in su ra n ce_______ __ _ _ _ 92. 40 76.04 95.21 88. 56 95.40 95.35 102. 51 90.48 2.09 1.92 2.12 2. 51 1.05 3.08 3.2 7 A n n u itie s_________________ __ __ 1.41 In crease in o u tsta n d in g loa n s to oth ers____ __ _ ___________ ___ 5. 76 1.21 .7 5 21.38 6.39 3.08 .2 8 5.3 0 D ecrease in lia b ilitie s. _ ____ 56.98 37.28 42.91 73.62 71.25 45.05 54.60 54.17 P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of m o rt gages an d d o w n p a y m e n t on 12. 57 13.13 30.29 13.58 19.32 30.19 18.40 o w n h o m e _____ _______ ___ 20.04 P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of other 4.79 m ortg a g es___ _____ _______ 8.4 2 4.4 6 7.84 5.8 2 3.5 2 3.3 0 0 P a y m e n t of d e b ts to — .1 5 .9 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 B a n k s_________ __________ .8 6 0 0 4.88 .2 1 0 0 0 In su ra n ce c o m p a n ies. _ _ _ _ 2. 32 .41 4.52 1.56 1. 51 1. 56 S m all-loa n co m p a n ies____ _ __ 2. 32 4.81 F irm s sellin g o n in sta llm e n t plan: 5. 81 4.85 4. 48 4.99 8.02 0 3.95 0 A u to m o b ile s .____ __ ___ 4. 52 3.94 13.40 9.9 6 7.4 5 17.26 8.49 1.39 O ther g o od s__________ _____ .7 3 5.03 13. 60 4.17 1.48 10.15 5.74 0 In d iv id u a ls______________________ 15. 61 19. 85 3.14 4.7 9 4.0 0 10.09 7.16 O t h e r ____________________________ 10.11 TABULAR SUMMARY T 147 4 . — Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed able A ll fam i lies Item F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m ily fr o m S ou rces In c o m e in O th e r S c h e d u le Than U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 to $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $800 an d over U se F a m ily Y ear F a m ilies in su r v e y , ________________ 490 F a m ilie s receiv in g fu n d s from : D ecrease in assets: R e d u ctio n in cash: O n h a n d . . ___________ ______ 28 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t____________ 4 In sa v in g s a c c o u n t_________ __ 101 S ale of prop erty: R e a l esta te (in clu d in g real 1 e sta te m o r tg a g e s)______ __ _ 1 B u ild in g an d loan sh a res______ 1 S to ck s an d b o n d s _ __________ 14 G o od s an d c h a tte ls_____________ 11 O th er p r o p e r ty ______ ___ _ _ In su ra n ce policies: 39 S u r r en d er ... . _________ . . . 7 S e ttle m e n t_____________ ______ R e ce ip ts from o u tsta n d in g loan s 24 to oth ers_________________________ In crease in liab ilities: 10 In crease in m ort. on o w n h o m e .. 1 In crease in oth er m ortg a g es. . . . In crease in debts: 3 P a y a b le to b a n k s_________ 23 P a y a b le to in s. c o m p a n ies_____ P aya b le to sm all-loan com panies. 46 P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: 34 A u to m o b ile s_______ _______ __ 116 O ther g o o d s ____ . . . . . . . 51 P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls_________ 162 O ther d e b ts____ ______ _____ __ 8 I n h e r ita n c e .__ . . . _ __ __ ____ A v . am o u n t of fu n d s received from : D ecrease in assets an d/or increase in lia b ilitie s______________________ . . . $181. 02 79. 33 D ecrease in a s se ts._______ . . . . . R e d u ctio n in cash: 7.23 O n h a n d . . __________ _____ . . . 2. 36 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t_________ 39. 25 In sa vin g s a cco u n t_______ _ Sale of p rop erty: R eal estate (in clu d in g real .4 5 e sta te m o rtg a g es). . . . . . . B u ild in g an d loan sh a res____ __ 2. 69 .61 S to ck s an d b o n d s. __ _ _ _ 1. 61 G ood s an d c h a tte ls____ _________ 2.32 O ther p r o p e r ty . . . _________ In su ra n ce policies: S u r r en d er ... . . . . . _____ 11. 76 6.11 S e ttle m e n t___ __ R e ce ip ts from o u tsta n d in g loa n s 4. 94 to o th ers__________ ___________ In crease in lia b ilit ie s _______________ 101. 69 7.50 In crease in m o rt. on ow n h o m e .58 in crea se in oth er m ortg a g es_____ In crease in d eb ts: . 88 P a y a b le to b a n k s. _ _ _ _ _ 6.20 P a y a b le to in s. c o m p a n ies.. _ P a y a b le to sm all-loan co m 9.49 p a n ie s ______ ______ . P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: A u to m o b ile s________ ._ ___ 16.40 O ther go od s___________ ._ - 20. 64 15. 47 P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls _ . O ther d e b ts___ __ _ _ 24. 53 8.94 In h erita n ce ___ __ _ _____________ N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 379. E co n o m ic lev el— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year 35 82 106 83 66 44 74 2 0 3 3 0 8 5 0 24 7 0 19 3 2 16 4 1 9 4 1 22 0 0 0 2 0 3 0 1 1 0 1 1 9 1 7 3 1 0 8 7 0 0 0 4 3 4 0 4 2 0 0 2 9 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 10 2 2 4 0 1 7 13 7 2 5 0 0 0 4 7 0 0 0 5 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 3 5 1 5 0 0 1 2 7 0 7 4 14 0 2 20 12 35 0 6 25 15 30 1 4 20 10 24 1 2 15 2 22 3 4 13 3 16 1 16 16 5 21 2 $81. 73 $153. 62 $195. 70 $157. 66 $148. 09 $173.17 $292. 96 22.85 47. 72 91. 94 64. 15 64.50 74.78 151. 35 5.00 7.07 5.19 4.10 6. 93 17.05 8. 65 0 0 0 0 1.82 21. 69 1.12 10.43 12.64 46.71 44.95 25.98 18.23 84.91 0 0 0 .3 4 0 7.08 0 0 58.88 4.75 0 . 81 0 2.57 0 0 0 0 1. 52 19. 54 4. 51 2.44 105.90 9.02 0 1.88 6.17 16. 33 2.08 12.45 0 .71 .0 5 11.93 9. 43 3. 39 103. 76 8.98 2.70 0 11.85 6.41 0 0 0 2.01 2. 71 3.25 0 4.30 93. 51 21.89 0 0 3.48 10.35 0 0 0 .7 6 .11 9.38 15. 53 6.82 83. 59 0 0 0 9.33 15.98 0 0 0 11.02 1.07 .8 4 2.27 2.61 98. 39 0 0 0 0 4.8 9 0 0 4.0 5 0 9. 86 23.30 6.76 12.70 141. 61 0 0 3.38 5.00 5.58 0 11.06 6.43 33.26 0 3. 49 17.96 23. 62 27. 43 0 9.29 16.25 25. 52 22. 76 3.08 9.15 15.16 19.23 14.25 24.10 13.08 23. 32 3.11 18. 77 18.18 19.01 26. 88 8.68 38. 93 .1 6 58.18 34.44 7.18 27.85 11.43 148 T EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S able E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year A ll fam ilies Ite m D isp o sitio n Y ear N o t o f M o n e y U sed fo r R ec e iv e d D u r in g th e U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over S c h e d u le C u rr en t F a m ily E x p e n d itu r e F a m ilie s in su r v e y ______________________________________ 266 N u m b e r o f fa m ilies d isp o sin g of fu n d s in — In crease in assets: In crease in cash: O n h a n d ._____________ ____________________________ 5 In ch e ck in g a c c o u n t______________________________ 5 In sa v in g s a c c o u n t_________ . ______________ __ 29 In v e s tm e n t in: Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e . _______________ 17 O th er real e sta te (in clu d in g real e sta te m ort2 g a g e s)----------------------------------------------------------------B u ild in g an d lo a n sh a res_____________ ____ 0 3 S to c k s an d b o n d s________________________________ O th er p r o p e r ty ____________ ____________________ 1 P a y m e n t o f p rem iu m s for in su ra n ce policies: 231 L ife in su r a n ce ----------------------------------------------6 A n n u itie s_________________ _____ _____ ______ __ _ 2 In crease in o u tsta n d in g lo a n s to o th ers__________ D ecrea se in lia b ilities: P a y m e n t on p rin cip a l o f m ortgag es an d d o w n 49 p a y m e n t on o w n h o m e ________________________ P a y m e n t o n p rin cip a l of oth er m o r tg a g e s. __ 3 P a y m e n t o f d e b ts to: B a n k s________ ___________ . . . _______________ 1 1 In su ra n ce c o m p a n ies________ ______________ 12 S m a ll-lo a n c o m p a n ie s ._______ ________________ F irm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: 9 A u t o m o b ile s ._______ __ . . . _____________ 17 O th er go o d s__________________________________ 4 In d iv id u a ls _____________________________________ 17 O th er_____________ __________ ________________ A verage a m o u n t o f fu n d s d isp o sed in — In crease in assets a n d /or d ecrease in lia b ilitie s_____ $177. 41 118. 32 In crease in a s s e t s . . _________________________________ In crease in cash: 1.77 O n h a n d ________ ________ ____________ ______ 2. 90 In ch eck in g a cco u n t . . . ______ . . . __ . . . In sa v in g s a c c o u n t. _ . . . _________ __________ 19.12 In v e s tm e n t in — Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e . _ _______ 6.00 O th er real e sta te (in clu d in g real e sta te m o rt ga g es)— .90 0 B u ild in g an d loa n sh a res________________________ 1.24 S to c k s an d b o n d s______ ________ . . . _ ________ 4.49 O th er p r o p e r ty ___________________________________ P a y m e n t o f p rem iu m s for in su ra n ce p olicies: 80.63 L ife in su r a n ce -----------------------------------------------------1.10 A n n u itie s___________ _____ _____________________ In crease in o u tsta n d in g loa n s to oth ers. ________ . 17 59.09 D ecrease in lia b ilitie s..................................... ........... .......... P a y m e n t o n p rin cip a l of m ortgag es an d d o w n 33. 35 p a y m e n t on o w n h o m e___________ ___________ 2.07 P a y m e n t o n p rin cip a l o f oth er m o r tg a g e s. ______ P a y m e n t o f d e b ts to — .16 B a n k s_____________________________________________ .0 3 In su ra n ce c o m p a n ies----------------------------------------3. 61 S m all-loa n c o m p a n ies_____________ ______ . . . . . F irm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t p lan: 5.39 A u to m o b ile s____________________ . . _______ 5.83 O ther g o od s_____________________________________ 1.46 In d iv id u a ls_______________ . . . . . . _ . . . ______ O th er______________________________________________ 7.1 9 N o te s o n th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 379. 48 55 95 68 0 0 6 3 0 0 0 0 47 1 0 1 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 47 0 0 3 2 9 8 0 0 1 0 83 1 1 1 3 13 5 0 0 1 1 54 4 1 10 1 0 1 3 0 4 1 4 9 1 0 0 4 3 4 1 6 20 0 1 0 5 5 5 0 4 10 1 0 0 0 1 4 2 3 $154. 51 110.81 0 0 36.40 4.11 0 0 0 0 69. 39 .91 0 43.70 19. 07 4.97 0 . 15 5. 27 0 8.0 6 2.49 3.6 9 $150. 51 95. 99 2. 71 0 11.31 .4 3 4. 34 0 .01 0 77.19 0 0 54. 52 28.10 1.13 0 0 6.81 7. 99 4. 25 .2 5 5. 99 $180. 08 117.08 3. 04 5.86 16.03 5.80 0 0 1. 51 0 84.04 .4 5 .3 5 63.00 42. 72 0 .4 5 0 3. 50 7. 91 5.29 0 3.1 3 $211. 67 143. 44 .4 9 3.1 7 17. 56 12.10 0 0 2. 74 17. 55 86. 59 3.04 .20 68. 23 34.58 3.69 0 0 0 3.5 8 6.28 3. 77 16. 33 149 TABULAR SUMMARY T 4 . — Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued able C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year A ll fam ilies Item F u n d s M a d e O th e r A v a ila b le fo r T han F a m ily F a m ily I n c o m e in U se F rom S c h ed u le $300 to $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over S ou rces Year F a m ilies in su r v e y ________ __ . . . _ ___ _______ ______ 266 N u m b e r of fam ilies receiv in g fu n d s from — D ecrease in assets: R ed u ctio n in cash: O n h a n d _____________ _________ _______ 7 In ch eck in g accou n t ________ ________________ 12 In sa v in g s a cco u n t______ __ ________________ __ 34 Sale of p rop erty: R eal e sta te (in clu d in g real e sta te m ortgages) _. 2 B u ild in g an d loan sh ares_______ _________ 2 S tock s an d b o n d s . _____________ . . . __________ 3 G oods an d c h a tte ls_____ ______________________ 7 O ther p ro p erty ___________ ___________ . . . 2 In su ran ce policies: Surrender___ _____________ _ __ _______ _ __ 26 S e ttle m en t__________ ___________________ _ . __ 4 R e ce ip ts from o u tsta n d in g loan s to oth ers_______ 4 In crease in liab ilities: In crease in m ortgages on o w n h o m e_______ _ 9 Increase in other m o r t g a g e s .------------------------------0 Increase in debts: P a y a b le to b a n k s ._________. . . ___________ . . . 1 P a y a b le to in su ran ce com p a n ies _______ _____ 7 P a y a b le to sm a ll-lo an co m p a n ies--------------------22 P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: A u to m o b iles____________ _____________________ 18 O ther good s____________________________________ 57 P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls ._________________________ 9 O ther d e b ts__________________ ___________________ 53 2 In h erita n ce. ________________________ _____________ A verage a m o u n t of fu n d s received from — D ecrease in assets an d/or increase in lia b ilitie s____ $133.97 D ecrease in assets________________ — ------- ------------70. 27 R e d u ctio n in cash: O n h a n d . . . ______ ______ ._ . . . . . . . . _ 3.07 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t_____________________________ 4.41 In sa vin g s acco u n t_______________ _____ ____ 26.05 Sale of property: R ea l e sta te (in clu d in g real esta te m o rtgag es). . 3.81 B u ild in g an d loa n shares________ . . . _____ 3.91 2. 35 S tock s an d b o n d s__________ ___________________ G oods an d c h a tte ls______________ . . . ._ _ __ 1.85 O ther p ro p erty __________________________________ 1.87 In su ran ce policies: 14.89 Surrend er---------- . --------- ---------------------------6. 26 S e ttle m e n t______________ _______________________ R e ce ip ts from o u tsta n d in g loan s to oth ers_______ 1. 80 63. 70 Increase in lia b ilitie s_________________________________ In crease in m ortgages on o w n h o m e --------------------7. 27 In crease in oth er m o rtgag es_______________________ 0 In crease in d eb ts: .16 P a y a b le to b a n k s----------------------------------------------4. 54 P a y a b le to in su ran ce com p a n ies ------------------8. 34 P a y a b le to sm a ll-lo an co m p a n ies___ __ _ . . . P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: 10.47 A u to m o b iles______________________________ 15. 56 O ther good s____________________________________ 4.40 P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls_____________ ____________ 12.96 O ther d e b ts_________________ _______ _________ 3. 39 In h erita n ce___________ . . . ______________ ___________ N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 379. U n d er $300 48 55 95 68 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 2 0 0 0 4 0 7 0 17 2 4 4 4 0 0 0 1 1 5 0 1 1 0 1 0 6 4 14 1 9 0 3 4 17 1 0 2 4 1 9 2 3 5 0 0 4 8 10 19 7 16 0 0 2 12 1 2 1 1 0 8 2 0 1 0 0 3 4 4 17 1 11 0 $52. 59 15.77 0 3.6 6 1.31 0 0 0 2.3 6 0 8.4 4 0 0 36.82 10.09 0 0 0 $74. 62 34. 55 8.4 6 3.1 6 5.1 0 0 0 0 .2 4 .6 9 14.61 0 2.29 40.07 3 .3 2 0 .7 6 0 10.14 3.25 14.88 .43 7.29 $163.34 75.77 3.69 3.69 37.11 .6 3 0 4.39 3.4 8 4.8 2 11.81 2.45 3.70 87.57 12.85 0 0 8 .0 2 8.6 0 14.29 18.12 10.85 14.84 $198. 41 129.90 0 6.93 45. 01 14.04 15.31 3. 05 .5 3 0 23.96 21.07 0 68. 51 .69 0 0 0 5 .2 9 0 5.85 15.59 18.79 0 0 0 6.58 8.69 18.36 19. 41 1. 71 13.07 150 T BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 4 . — Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued D E T R O I T , M IC H .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S able A ll fa m ilies Ite m D isp o s itio n o f M o n ey S c h e d u le Y e a r N o t R ec e iv e d X J sed f o r D u r in g E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d i tu re u n it per year U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700an d $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 over th e C u rren t F a m ily E x p e n d itu r e 122 598 75 101 F a m ilie s in su r v e y -------------------------------------------100 76 N u m b e r of fam ilies d isp o sin g of fu n d s in — In crease in assets: In crease in cash: 23 0 3 6 O n h a n d --------------- -----------------------3 5 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t_______________ __ 10 0 1 3 0 1 78 9 3 15 In sa v in g s a cco u n t---------- -----------------18 13 In v e stm e n t in — Im p ro v em en ts in o w n h o m e . _ ___ _ _ 2 8 1 2 1 2 O ther real esta te (in clu d in g real esta te 2 11 0 5 m ortgages) __ ------ ------- ------------3 0 0 B u ild in g an d loa n sh a res. __ _ ______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 S tock s an d b o n d s ... _ _ ___ ___ ___ 7 0 3 2 0 6 0 0 1 O ther p r o p erty ___________________________ 2 0 P a y m e n t of p rem iu m s for in su ra n ce policies: 61 517 89 109 L ife in su ra n ce____________ ______ ____ 88 64 2 24 2 5 A n n u itie s_____________ __ _____ __ 6 2 19 2 Increase in o u tsta n d in g loan s to others _ _ 1 3 3 5 D ecrease in liab ilities: P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of m ortgages an d 69 9 14 14 d o w n p a y m e n t on o w n h o m e . _ _ __ 7 17 P a y m e n t o n p rin cip al of oth er m o rtgag es. 10 1 1 2 1 2 P a y m e n t of d eb ts to— 1 0 1 0 B a n k s__________ _ __ __ __ __ _ 0 0 0 1 7 In su ra n ce c o m p a n ies___________________ 1 3 0 14 3 S m all-loa n c o m p a n ies____________ _ 3 3 2 1 F irm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: 2 20 4 4 A u to m o b ile s_____ ______ _ ___ 1 2 46 5 8 10 O ther g o o d s__________________________ 8 3 28 3 8 5 In d iv id u a ls___________________ ______ __ . 3 0 72 13 19 13 O th er_________________ _ __ __ -----4 13 A verage am o u n t o f fu n d s d isp o sed in: Increase in assets an d /or decrease in lia b ili tie s______________ ______ _ _ _ _ _ ----------- _ $161. 64 $113.67 $143. 31 $177.06 $170. 39 $190.11 112. 31 73.78 89.13 129.10 135.93 118.46 Increase in a s s e t s . _______ ____________ Increase in cash: 2.64 0 1.85 2.16 2. 78 On h a n d ___________ __ __ _ ___ __ _ 5.40 In ch eck in g acco u n t_____ __ ___ ___ 1.48 0 .32 0 2.88 .10 In sa v in g s a c c o u n t. _ _______ __ __ 22.20 3.46 15.80 30. 38 29.05 23.96 In v e stm e n t in — Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e .__ ___ _ _ 1.62 .25 .80 3.45 .69 5.01 O ther real e sta te (in clu d in g real estate 6. 31 5.86 0 m o r tg a g e s). ______ __ __ -------------10.29 11.91 0 0 0 B u ild in g an d loan sh a res_________ _____ 0 0 0 0 1.59 5.64 0 0 S tock s an d b o n d s __ ___________________ 1.58 0 1.36 0 0 .88 3.45 0 O ther p r o p e r ty _____________ P a y m e n t of p rem iu m s for in su ran ce policies: L ife in su ra n ce________________________ _ 70. 21 63.11 67.35 70. 30 78. 26 79. 55 3.70 .49 2.14 2. 76 6.20 2.86 A n n u itie s___________ _________ __ ___ Increase in o u tsta n d in g loa n s to others _ _ 1.20 .61 .8 7 .36 2.01 1.58 D ecrease in lia b ilities __ _ _ ____________ 49. 33 39. 89 54.18 47. 96 34. 46 71.65 P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of m ortgages and d o w n p a y m e n t on o w n h o m e _______ __ 17.86 13.81 22.47 15.86 3.59 45.90 P a y m e n t on p rin cip al of oth er m ortgag es. 1. 62 .08 .19 .23 1.31 3.09 P a y m e n t of d e b ts to— .12 B a n k s______________ ___ _ _ _ .68 0 0 0 0 In su ra n ce c o m p a n ies____________ _____ .35 0 .07 1.14 .17 0 S m all-loa n co m p a n ies_________ _ _ _ _ _ 2.27 2. 25 3.39 2.75 3.03 1.29 F irm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: A u to m o b ile s_____ ________ 5. 97 3.37 5.05 7.43 .92 7. 51 O ther g o o d s______ ____ _ _ _ _ _ 5.06 2. 59 4.80 5.36 4.54 2.96 In d iv id u a ls___________ __ ____________ _ 2.68 2.09 3.68 2.00 1.88 0 O th er_____ __________ _ _ _ _ ______ _ 13. 40 15. 55 13.96 14.20 18.05 10.90 N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 379. 124 6 5 20 0 1 0 2 3 106 7 5 8 3 0 2 2 7 12 9 10 $165. 86 115.19 3.54 3.99 24.08 0 7.18 0 .83 2.94 64. 53 6. 34 1.76 50. 67 12.82 4.46 0 .53 .89 9.97 8.17 5.17 8. 66 151 TABULAR SUMMARY T 4.-— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued able D E T R O I T , M IC H .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed A ll fam ilies Item F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m ily U se E co n o m ic lev el— F am ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d i ture u n it per year— U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 an d $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 over F rom S o u r c e s O th e r T h a n F a m i l y I n c o m e in S c h e d u le Y ear F a m ilies in su r v e y . _____ _________ _ _ 598 N u m b e r o f fam ilies receivin g fu n d s from — D ecrease in assets: R e d u ctio n in cash: O n h a n d _____ ________ _______ 27 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t. ______ _ 16 142 In sa v in g s a cco u n t------------- ----------Sale of property: R eal e sta te (in clu d in g real esta te m ortg a g es)---------------------------------------------------1 B u ild in g an d loan sh a res. _ 0 S tock s an d b o n d s _ ... . . . _ _ 5 34 G oods an d c h a tte ls. _________ _ O ther p r o p e r ty ______ _________ 0 In su ra n ce policies: 21 S u r r en d er .__ __ _ _. ___ . . . _ _ 8 S e ttle m e n t_____ . _ . ______ _ R eceip ts from o u tsta n d in g loan s to 14 o th e r s. __ _______ ___ ____________ Increase in liab ilities: 20 In crease in m ortgages on ow n h o m e___ Increase in oth er m o r tg a g e s,. . . . __ _ 2 In crease in debts: P a y a b le to b a n k s_____ ______ . . . _ 7 P a y a b le to in su ra n ce c o m p a n ies__ _ 29 P a y a b le to sm a ll-lo an c o m p a n ies. __ _ 35 P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: 51 A u to m o b iles . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ 144 O ther g o o d s ... ___ __ _ ___ __ __ P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls________ ___ _ 49 164 O ther d e b ts_________ __ ______ 6 In h e r ita n c e. ________________ ______ ___ A verage a m o u n t of fu n d s received from : D ecrease in assets an d /or increase in lia b ili $160. 64 ties _ _____ 62.18 D ecrease in a sse ts____ _ ___ _ __ R e d u ctio n in cash: O n h a n d ______ __ _ _ _ __ 6. 82 In ch eck in g accou n t _ _ _____ 2.18 In sa v in g s a cco u n t. _ _ __ _ _ __ 37. 71 Sale of property: R eal e sta te (in clu d in g real e sta te m o rt .45 gages) — B u ild in g an d loan shares 0 S tock s an d b o n d s __ _ __ _ 1.07 G ood s an d c h a tte ls. _ __ _ ________ __ 4.10 0 O ther p r o p e r t y ____ _ _ __ In su ra n ce policies: 3. 78 Surrender___ _ _ _ _____ 3. 94 S e ttle m e n t_____ _ _____ R e ce ip ts from o u tsta n d in g loan s to o th e r s ._ ______ ______ _ _ _ __ _ 2.13 98. 46 Increase in lia b ilitie s___________ _ _ _ _ 12. 80 In crease in m ortgag es on o w n h o m e _ .43 In crease in other m o rtgag es. _ ___ _ Increase in debts: P a y a b le to b a n k s ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 2. 38 P a y a b le to in su ra n ce c o m p a n ies. __ _ 5.47 P a y a b le to sm a ll-lo an co m p a n ies______ 7.41 P a y a b le to firm s sellin g on in sta llm e n t plan: 18. 58 A u to m o b ile s— __ _ _ _ _____ 16. 54 O ther g o o d s______ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ P a y a b le to in d iv id u a ls_____ ___ 10.75 O ther d ebts___ _ _ _ 24.10 In h erita n ce_______ ___ ______ _ 3.80 N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 379. 5 3 4 8 5 ° — 4 0 -------- 1 1 75 101 122 100 76 124 3 1 13 5 1 14 3 1 34 6 5 28 3 3 22 7 5 31 0 0 0 5 0 8 0 1 2 0 0 4 4 0 0 0 9 0 7 3 3 5 1 1 4 14 0 0 3 3 0 1 2 1 5 0 3 8 8 1 0 2 6 0 2 2 3 2 0 2 4 3 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 5 4 0 0 0 9 0 2 1 5 5 1 1 4 2 0 17 9 32 1 4 23 11 39 1 7 36 11 41 1 10 22 4 18 1 9 14 5 17 0 21 32 9 17 2 $91. 37 $165. 63 $158. 20 $141. 26 $176. 32 19.98 62. 44 59.18 58. 32 72.16 1. 58 4. 85 5. 75 10. 74 6.01 .31 4. 39 . 12 .08 3. 58 9. 94 23. 87 42. 57 28. 64 52.64 $206. 91 87. 47 11.03 4.41 59.18 0 0 0 1.24 0 6. 22 0 .69 71.39 5.49 0 0 3. 60 6.89 0 0 0 6. 56 0 13. 21 10. 97 1.70 103.19 22. 05 1.82 . 28 3.79 13. 69 0 0 4. 98 1.27 0 .49 3. 29 1.65 99. 02 18. 50 0 5. 45 4.99 5.85 2.70 0 .36 3. 96 0 .76 8. 20 3. 56 82.94 8.76 0 5.14 2.02 3. 62 .83 104.16 8. 31 0 0 10. 59 10.31 0 0 0 7. 45 0 1.72 .23 3. 45 119. 44 10.10 .58 1.75 8.10 5. 40 0 7.10 14. 28 34. 03 1.53 8.37 12. 81 12. 27 28.11 .85 11.99 14.48 9.70 28.06 2.83 19. 63 22.17 6. 90 14.70 2. 30 21.31 14. 91 5.68 33. 05 0 42.11 23.75 14. 63 13.02 12.05 0 0 0 2.90 0 1.47 0 152 T EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION a b l e 4 . — D isp o s itio n o f m o n e y received during schedule yea r not used f o r current expenditure and f u n d s m ade available f o r f a m i ly use fr o m sources other than f a m i l y in com e in schedule y e a r , by econ om ic level— Continued W H I T E F A M I L IE S G rand R a p id s, M ich ._______ |_________ In d ia n a p o lis, In d . E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E co n o m ic lev el— F a m i lies sp en d in g per ex lies sp en d in g per ex penditure u n it per year penditure u n it per year A ll A ll fam i U n d er $400 fam i U n d er $400 $600 $600 lies lies to and to an d $400 $400 $600 over $600 over Item D isp o s itio n of M o n e y R ec e iv e d in g th e S c h e d u le Y ear N ot C u rren t F a m ily E x p e n d itu r e D u r- U se d fo r 203 75 194 86 74 34 70 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ___ ____________ 58 F a m ilie s d isp o sin g of fu n d s in — In crease in assets: In crease in cash: 3 5 0 2 1 4 1 O n h a n d ________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 In ch eck in g a c c o u n t ______ __ 1 19 19 8 1 5 6 In sa v in g s a c c o u n t____ ____ 3 15 In v e stm e n t in— 12 3 5 4 1 Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e . _ 5 2 2 O ther rea l e sta te (in clu d in g 4 1 2 1 0 1 rea l e sta te m o rtg a g es)______ 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 B u ild in g a n d loan sh a res. _ __ 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 1 S to c k s an d b o n d s. __ . _ . _____ 1 0 0 1 1 4 2 0 O th er p r o p e r ty ____ ______ 2 P a y m e n t o f p rem iu m s for in su ran ce policies: 163 70 68 64 31 193 L ife in su r a n ce__________________ 68 55 1 0 6 2 4 3 2 A n n u itie s _______ ___________ . . . 2 Increase in o u tsta n d in g loa n s 4 0 0 1 3 1 1 to o th e r s_______________ . . . ._ 0 D ecrea se in lia b ilities: P a y m e n t o n p rin cip a l of m ort gages a n d d o w n p a y m e n t on 39 14 15 15 9 42 o w n h o m e ... . ________ 24 4 P a y m e n t on p rin cip a l of oth er 5 3 2 2 1 6 m ortg a g es_______________________ 2 1 P a y m e n t of d e b ts to— 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 B a n k s_________________________ 1 2 0 0 1 0 In su ra n ce co m p a n ies . . . -----0 0 7 1 S m all-loa n c o m p a n ies_________ 5 5 3 1 0 2 F irm s sellin g on in stall, plan: 5 0 2 3 3 12 A u to m o b ile s_______________ _ 4 5 21 6 11 4 21 9 O ther g o o d s .. __________ __ 4 8 4 10 1 1 2 3 3 In d iv id u a ls_____ __ ___ . . . . . 4 23 14 4 5 14 3 O th er_______ _ ____________ 7 4 A v . a m o u n t of fu n d s d isp osed in — In crease in assets a n d /or decrease in lia b ilitie s--------------------------------- $133. 45 $112. 99 $125. 54 $202.44 $161. 42 $113.40 $163. 72 $220. 61 83.41 84.28 145.35 106. 94 77.93 87.20 168.20 Increase in a sse ts_____________ ____ 94.60 Increase in cash: . 97 0 1.68 On h a n d . _ _ _______ 1.87 .6 7 .62 1.07 0 0 In ch e ck in g a c c o u n t____ ____ 0 0 0 0 .30 0 1. 03 21.04 10. 36 14.81 In sa v in g s a cco u n t _ 18. 97 ____ 15.87 1.87 2.33 61.16 In v e stm e n t in — Im p r o v e m en ts in o w n h o m e . _ 3. 54 3.01 2.24 7.72 3.34 1.33 4. 61 4.41 O ther real e sta te (in clu d in g real e sta te m ortgages) _ _ _ _ 7. 77 1.35 1. 57 37. 51 0 0 .4 9 1. 72 0 0 B u ild in g an d loan sh a res______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 .3 0 0 0 S to ck s a n d b o n d s____ ______ .78 0 2.05 1.11 5.84 .0 9 0 .2 4 0 O ther p r o p e r ty _________________ 3.35 1.58 0 9.6 7 P a y m e n t o f p rem iu m s for in su r an ce policies: 63.44 57.49 61.62 82.44 77.20 L ife in su ra n ce_________________ 72.48 77.11 83.39 .51 .20 .6 5 1.00 0 A n n u itie s _______________________ .5 7 .8 3 .9 8 In crease in o u tsta n d in g loa n s .3 2 0 5.14 0 to o th e r s___ ___________________ 2.11 .0 5 .1 4 0 29.58 41.26 57.09 54.48 D ecrease in lia b ilitie s_______________ 38.85 35.47 76. 52 52.41 P a y m e n t on p rin cip a l of m o r t gages an d d o w n p a y m e n t on o w n h o m e____ ___________ ______ 19.42 12.10 21.45 33.51 25.09 15.35 49.67 8.02 P a y m e n t o n p rin cip al of oth er 4.74 m o rtgag es_______________________ 1.94 8.1 5 4.40 1.45 1.77 1. 62 .81 P a y m e n t o f d eb ts to— .3 0 0 .7 8 0 0 B a n k s____________________ _ ___ 0 0 0 .1 6 0 .22 0 .2 7 In su ra n ce co m p a n ies______ __ 0 0 0 1.02 2.50 2.05 1.05 1.54 0 S m all-loa n c o m p a n ie s ._. _ __ 1.48 2.1 6 F irm s sellin g on install, plan: 1. 33 0 .4 9 2.92 11.70 7.09 14.07 14.79 A u to m o b ile s______ ___________ 5.23 3.00 5. 42 O ther go od s..................... __ __ 9.62 7.70 6.90 5.81 11.01 .7 9 .2 7 1.14 1.36 3. 61 In d iv id u a ls___________________ _ 1.47 3.17 6.90 5. 40 2.80 7. 04 O th er------------------------ ----------6.9 3 3. 39 .3 9 2.18 8.72 N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 379. 153 TABULAR SU M M A R Y Table 4 . — Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued W H IT E F A M IL IE S Item Grand Rapids,, Mich.—-Con. Economic level—Fami lies spending per ex penditure unit per All year families $600 Under $400 to and $400 $600 over Indianapolis, Ind.—Con: Economic level—Fami lies spending per ex penditure unit per All year fami lies $600 Under $400 to and $400 $600 over F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m ily U se F ro m So u rces O th er T h an F a m ily In c o m e in S c h e d u le Y e a r Families in survey......................... 194 74 86 34 203 Families receiving funds from— Decrease in assets: Reduction in cash: On hand____ _________ 7 3 2 2 3 In checking account_______ 1 1 1 0 0 In savings account___ _____ 39 16 14 9 20 Sale of property: Real estate (including real es2 tate mortgages)_________ 1 1 1 0 6 1 Building and loan shares. _. _ 5 0 0 1 1 Stocks and bonds_________ 2 0 0 14 4 4 0 Goods and chattels________ 6 Other property___________ 1 0 0 1 1 Insurance policies: 4 Surrender ... _________ . 8 4 0 16 4 2 Settlement______________ 1 1 3 Receipt from out. loans to others. 10 3 4 1 3 Increase in liabilities: 1 1 Increase in mort. on own home.. 0 3 0 3 1 1 1 Increase in other mortgages___ 0 Increase in debts: 5 2 2 Payable to banks___ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 18 7 5 Pay. to ins. companies____ 6 Payable to small-loan com 8 3 2 16 panies_____________ ... 3 Payable to firms selling on in stallment plan: 14 4 2 32 8 Automobiles... . ______ 43 17 19 7 80 Other goods_________ . 13 7 3 3 9 Payable to individuals. _____ 64 34 20 10 41 Other debts.______... ___ 2 2 0 0 2 Inheritance________ ___ ... _ Average amount of funds received from— Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabilities______ . ___ $153.08 $101.10 $169. 58 $248. 50 $121.69 74.32 48.98 85.96 112.89 37. 51 Decrease in assets__________ Reduction in cash: 4.14 1.82 On hand. . ___ _______ 6.15 5.63 1.30 1.20 0 0 1.04 In checking account____ ... 3.13 20.13 36.14 88.27 16.56 In savings account.. .. ... __ 38.18 Sale of property: Real estate (including real es 4.69 7.21 2.74 3.92 0 tate mortgages)__ ._ ... . 2.43 13. 47 0 0 Building and loan shares. _ 6. 22 .30 .67 0 0 4.53 Stocks and bonds__ _____ 4.07 2. 52 6.12 3.82 Goods and chattels________ 0 .07 Other property______ ____ 0 0 0 .26 Insurance policies: 7.86 Surrender______________ 8. 73 10.45 0 7.09 4.19 3. 68 2. 41 3.74 9.38 Settlement_____________ 1.79 4.17 5. 79 .25 Receipts (from out. loans,to others 3.40 78. 76 52.12 83. 62 135. 61 84.18 Increase in liabilities.___ _____ 1.09 2.45 0 0 Increase in mort .on own home.. 3.07 1.51 .43 1.88 3.41 0 Increase in other mortgages___ Increase in debts: 3.34 2.70 1.50 9.00 .80 Payable to banks_________ 10. 21 5.12 15.24 12.14 1.13 Pay. to insur. companies___ Payable to small-loan com 2.11 4.15 7.58 3.50 4.45 panies________________ Payable to firms selling on in stallment plan: 4.17 3.28 68.53 26.84 Automobiles__ ___ _____ 15.11 7.71 20.84 8.30 31.94 Other goods._____ ______ 12.82 2.24 6.23 5. 67 5.66 8.87 Payable to individuals____ 24. 95 19.42 33.11 21. 21 10. 58 Other debts....................... .74 1.66 0 0 1.55 Inheritance_______ _______ N otes on this table are in appendix A , p. 379. 75 70 58 1 0 7 2 0 9 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 1 6 1 0 6 0 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 9 5 2 9 14 23 1 9 32 3 19 2 25 5 13 0 4 2 9 0 $71.95 $128.09 $178. 33 20.38 37.23 60.05 .87 0 6.19 0 0 0 0 0 10.32 3.00 0 51.57 .34 0 2. 86 0 29.43 0 0 0 0 0 0 3. 66 14.45 9.59 0 15.85 0 .90 4.23 6.38 0 9.22 .71 0 90.86 118. 28 8. 55 0 0 0 0 0 2.31 0 0 3.96 8.19 8.74 5.40 13.48 19.00 1.12 9.44 4.20 19. 32 36.25 3.99 11. 70 0 53.18 43.46 1.59 10.69 0 154 EAST N O R T H C E N TR A L REGION 4 . — Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued. T able Item Indianapolis, Ind.—Negro families Lansing, Mich.--White families Economic level—Fami Economic level—Fami lies spending per ex lies spending per ex penditure unit per penditure unit per All All year year famifami lies $400 lies $600 Under $300 Under $400 to and to and $300 $400 $400 over $600 over Disposition of Money Received During the Schedule Year Not Used for Current Family Expenditure Families in survey. _ _ Families disposing of funds in: Increase in assets: Increase in cash: On hand.. _ _ ______ In checking account - . . In savings account ________ Investment in: Improvements in own home... Other real estate (including real estate mortgages) Building and loan shares Stocks and bonds__ Other property Paymt. prem. for insur. policies: Life insurance _ Annuities. __ Increase in outstanding loans to others. . . . Decrease in liabilities: Payment on principal of mort gages and down payment on own home. ... . . Payment on principal of other mortgages _ _. Payments of debts to: Banks.. . ... -Insurance companies__ ._ . Small-loan companies.. _. Firms selling on install, plan: Automobiles. Other goods. ... Individuals. _ Other__ _ . . . ------Av. amount of funds disposed in: Increase in assets and/or decrease in liabilities___ __ _____ Increase in assets__ ______ _ Increase in cash: On hand. __ .._ In checking account In savings account __ Investment in: Improvements in own home... Other real estate (including real estate mortgages). ... _ Building and loan shares . Stocks and bonds __ . . . Other property_____ .. __ Paymt. prem. for ins. policies: Life insurance . Annuities____ ____ . Increase in outstanding loans to others.. . Decrease in liabilities _ _ Payment on principal of mort gages and down payment on own home . __ Payment on principal of other mortgages... _ _ _ _ _ Payment of debts to: Banks _. . . . ___ Insurance companies Small-loan companies . Firms selling on install, plan: Automobiles___ _ __ _ Other goods . __ Individuals __ ___ Other 101 25 24 32 145 58 48 39 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 14 0 0 6 0 0 4 0 1 4 3 1 1 1 12 2 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 96 2 42 0 23 0 31 2 106 7 49 1 32 5 25 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 13 7 4 2 26 10 10 6 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 6 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 3 0 3 0 0 1 2 0 1 3 12 7 21 0 4 4 8 3 6 1 10 0 2 2 3 2 11 0 3 $95. 97 $107. 83 $86.88 $86.12 $135.39 $121.17 $162.14 $123. 61 73.22 66.92 63.16 69.82 68. 53 70.45 66. 72 72. 72 2. 23 9. 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .40 0 0 0 1.49 .23 0 0 .72 17. 99 20. 05 8. 62 26.47 5. 43 9. 96 2.50 6. 39 1.25 .41 14.19 5.68 0 0 0 0 2.15 2. 86 0 3. 72 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .19 .10 0 .46 60. 02 63. 26 55.04 59. 22 39. 38 44.48 37. 77 33.80 .62 0 0 2. 75 1.97 1.13 5.68 1.56 0 0 0 0 .57 1.42 0 0 27. 44 34.61 19. 96 22. 96 65. 57 50. 72 95.42 50.89 12.01 12. 98 34.09 33.02 0 0 0 1.97 4. 91 0 0 0 0 .36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.12 0 .40 5. 70 0 0 2.17 0 0 6.92 0 1.48 9. 45 2. 31 8.84 0 3. 92 2. 96 8. 66 0 8. 79 0 6. 98 0 0 3.12 10. 50 0 .02 5.93 6. 85 2.95 7. 68 0 4. 52 .63 5. 47 17. 93 11.72 .52 15. 68 0 4. 31 9. 37 1.11 Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 379. 14.20 0 8.20 42. 65 25.17 155 TABULAR SUMMARY T 4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued able Item Indianapolis, Ind.—Negro families—Continued Economic level—Fami lies spending per ex penditure unit per All year fami $400 lies Under $300 to and $300 over $400 Lansing, Mich.—White families—Continued Economic level—Fami lies spending per ex penditure unit per All year fami lies $600 Under $400 to and $400 $600 over Funds Made Available for Family Use From Sources Other Than Family Income in Schedule Year Families in survey ___ _ __ _ _ Families receiving funds from— Decrease in assets: Reduction in cash: On hand-__ ___ __ _ .__ In checking account ___ _._ In savings account,. _ _ __ Sale of property: Real estate (including real estate mortgages) __ __ Building and loan shares _ __ Stocks and bonds Goods and chattels Other property ___ _- _ Insurance policies: Surrender___ ______ - Settlement ____ ___ Receipts from outstanding loans to others__ __ _ Increase in liabilities: Increase in mort. on own home__ Increase in other mortgages___ Increase in debts: Pavable to banks__ Pay. to insur. companies__ Payable to small-loan com panies __ __ _ Payable to firms selling on installment plan: Automobiles _____ _ Other goods__________ Payable to individuals. __ _ _ Other debts.. _ _ _ _ __ __ Inheritance _ ___ __ __ _ AV. 8iITiOMll 01 IUUQ.S rGCGlvGCl irom. Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabilities._ _____ __ Decrease in assets. _ ___ __ .__ Reduction in cash: On hand _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ In checking account _ _ _ In savings account. __ _ ... Sale of property: Real estate (including real estate mortgages) __ _ Building and loan shares Stocks and bonds. _ __ Goods and chattels Other property. _ _____ _ Insurance policies: Surrender. _ ___ ___ __ Settlement _ ________ Receipts from outstanding loans to others _ _ _ . Increase in liabilities___ _ ._ Increase in mort. on own homeincrease in other mortgages---Increase in debts: Payable to banks___ __. __ Pay. to insur. companies . Payable to small-loan com panies Payable to firms selling on installment plan: Automobiles Other goods__ __ ___ Payable to individuals.__ _ Other debts __ __ _ Inheritance__ _ _ _ 101 45 24 32 145 58 48 39 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 5 1 15 2 0 4 1 1 4 2 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 7 2 4 2 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 2 0 2 1 0 1 0 5 2 2 1 4 0 3 1 4 41 1 45 0 1 18 0 27 0 1 10 1 14 0 2 13 0 4 0 11 26 14 41 4 1 12 10 20 2 3 11 3 14 1 7 3 1 7 1 $50. 36 3. 72 5. 63 0 2. 74 1.21 6. 92 25. 94 7.24 0 48. 01 0 0 0 0 0 1.63 0 0 . 76 0 4. 09 0 0 . 76 0 0 0 0 .23 0 0 0 0 1.42 0 1.09 0 3.15 .45 3. 30 1.13 4. 61 0 1.14 0 0 42.17 0 0 .37 59. 83 .65 .54 0 40. 99 1.62 .95 1.11 60. 70 0 0 0 86. 78 0 .60 3. 51 .55 0 1.36 1.15 0 11.64 0 0 5. 72 3. 94 4.15 15.11 5. 97 28. 60 2. 31 38. 51 20. 89 2.13 9. 07 1.70 0 0 0 3. 75 0 0 7.81 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .35 0 0 0 0 0 0 46. 64 6. 26 0 0 55. 30 14. 05 0 0 36. 39 0 0 $58. 64 $100. 72 $144. 59 17. 65 40.02 57.81 4. 60 2. 29 22. 59 3.37 0 0 0 0 0 .28 0 0 0 1.19 1. 55 2. 42 1.17 .61 2. 96 4.09 23. 57 .09 10.80 0 1.79 20.28 0 16. 76 0 2. 68 24. 20 .38 6. 77 0 8.38 27. 73 0 5.45 0 11.96 15. 90 7. 25 16. 51 2.02 Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 379. $55. 30 $40.14 $51.07 $95. 67 0 3. 75 8.90 35. 84 1 0 .57 13. 21 11. 76 11. 52 2.00 156 T EAST NORTH C E N TR A L REGION a b l e 4 . — Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule yearf by economic level— Continued M IL W A U K E E , W I S .-W H I T E F A M IL IE S Item A ll fam ilies E conom ic level— Fam ilies spending per expendi ture u n it per year U nder $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 and $400 $300 $500 $600 $700 over D isp o s itio n o f M o n e y R e c e i v e d D u r i n g th e S c h e d u le Y e a r N o t U se d fo r C u r r e n t F a m ily E x p e n d itu r e Families in survey__________________ Number of families disposing of funds in— Increase in assets: Increase in cash: On hand--------------- -------------------In checking account_____________ In savings account______________ Investment in— Improvements in own home-----------Other real estate (including real estate mortgages)__________________ Building and loan shares---------------Stocks and bonds------------------------Other property---------------------------Payment of premiums for insurance pol icies: Life insurance_________________ Annuities____________________ Increase in outstanding loans to others__ Decrease in liabilities: Payment on principal of mortgages and down payment on own home_______ Payment on principal of other mortgages. Payments of debts to— Banks_______________________ Insurance companies____________ Small-loan companies-------------------Firms selling on installment plan: Automobiles_________________ Other goods_________________ Individuals___________________ Other---------------------------------------- 446 42 79 116 66 56 87 15 1 70 7 1 0 2 2 0 4 0 19 1 0 10 3 1 9 4 0 23 2 7 3 0 1 0 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 35 70 106 59 52 78 4 4 0 400 7 4 44 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 9 8 0 11 0 6 2 0 4 6 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 5 1 2 11 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 3 1 4 3 7 22 5 31 1 8 3 11 3 4 Average amount of funds disposed in: Increase in assets and/or decrease in liabili ties__________________________ $158. 22 $139. 55 $126. 04 $152. 78 $147.92 $178. 78 Increase in assets__________________ 120.16 94.39 99.20 116. 76 111.42 143.95 Increase in cash: 1. 52 12. 05 2.28 3.63 On hand_____________________ .75 2.38 0 0 1.78 In checking account_____________ .22 0 0 9.97 43.07 In savings account______________ 26.28 12.26 11.72 26.14 Investment in— 4. 51 0 6.06 Improvements in own home_______ 0 5.00 13.29 Other real estate (including real estate 0 3.21 0 mortgages)__________________ 0 2.20 0 0 0 Building and loan shares----------------.62 .27 0 0 3.64 .89 Stocks and bonds______ _______ .90 .88 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other property________________ 0 0 Payment of premiums for insurance poli cies: Life insurance_________________ 80.06 74. 75 73.44 84.20 85. 57 81.42 2.62 .64 1. 30 Annuities____________________ 0 .87 0 .81 Increase in outstanding loans to others__ 3.79 .89 0 0 0 Decrease in liabilities-------------------------- 38.06 45.16 26.84 36.02 36.50 34.83 Payment on principal of mortgages and down payment on own home------------ 23. 05 42.15 12.87 21.13 23.28 14.48 0 0 Payment on principal of other mortgages. 3. 61 .53 0 0 Payment of debts to— 0 0 0 0 0 0 Banks_______________________ .04 0 0 0 Insurance companies____________ 0 0 0 0 .55 0 1. 52 1.08 Small-loan companies-------------------Firms selling oninstallment plan: 3.74 1.62 5.06 0 0 1.20 Automobiles_________________ 3. 25 2.11 3.84 4.80 1.61 2.28 Other goods_________________ 0 .50 .63 1. 36 0 0 Individuals___________________ 6.40 2.94 18.07 Other_______________________ .90 6.78 6.03 N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 379. 2 $198. 29 147. 51 4.84 0 48.04 4.02 9.20 .57 0 0 78.06 2.09 .69 50.78 30.96 0 0 .18 0 12.07 3.09 .17 4. 31 157 TA B U L A R S U M M A R Y 4 . — Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current expenditure and funds made available for family use from sources other than family income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued T a ble M IL W A U K E E , W IS .—W H IT E F A M IL IE S — C ontinued Item All families Economic level—Families spending per expendi ture unit per year Under $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700and $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 over F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m ily U se F ro m Sources O th er T h an F a m ily In co m e in S c h e d u le Y e a r Families in survey------------------------------Number of families receiving funds from— Decrease in assets: Reduction in cash: On hand _______ _ _______ In checking account______ ______ In savings account______________ Sale of property: Real estate (including real estate mortgages)------------------------------------Building and loan shares________ Stocks and bonds..-____________ Goods and chattels. ___________ Other property _ _____ ____ ... Insurance policies: Surrender. _______ ... ______ Settlement__________ ______ Receipts from outstanding loans to others. ____ _____ ________ Increase in liabilities: Increase in mortgages on own home.__ Increase in other mortgages--------------Increase in debts: Payable to banks_______ ___ _ ... Payable to insurance companies... _. Pavable to small-loan companies___ Payable to firms selling on installment plan: Automobiles__________ ______ Other goods_________________ Payable to individuals................ ... Other debts___ .. . _ ... -----------Inheritance______________________ 446 42 79 116 66 56 87 14 0 68 2 0 2 5 0 9 1 0 15 3 0 11 1 0 10 2 0 21 1 6 4 7 4 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 3 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 1 1 27 3 2 0 8 0 12 0 2 0 3 0 0 3 4 0 1 2 1 0 0 5 4 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 19 11 0 1 0 1 2 4 0 8 4 0 2 0 0 1 1 1 5 2 31 81 37 no 4 0 4 3 12 1 2 14 7 32 0 4 20 11 27 1 4 16 8 15 0 2 8 3 10 1 19 19 5 14 1 Average amount of funds received from: Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabili ties--------------------------------- ... _ $146. 87 Decrease in assets_____ ____ ... ... . 68.09 Reduction in cash: 2.99 On hand . .. ----------- --------------0 In checking account________ ... _ In savings account_____ _______ 38.29 Sale of property: Real estate (including real estate mort .08 gages) — Building and loan shares.._ . _ ___ 2. 46 Stocks and bonds_________ . ... 7. 33 Goods and chattels _. ____ ____ .45 .52 Other property--------- ------------ . Insurance policies: 7.59 Surrender________ ____ __ 7. 49 Settlement____ _______ ______ Receipts from outstanding loans to .89 others. _____________________ Increase in liabilities__________ ... _ _ 77.78 4. 55 Increase in mortgages on own home___ 1.11 Increase in other mortgages_________ Increase in debts: .53 Payable to banks-------------------------Payable to insurance companies__ _ 6.07 2. 42 Payable to small-loan companies__ Payable to firms selling on installment plan: Automobiles___ . . . __ - __ . .. 15. 41 15.28 Other goods_________ _______ 8. 68 Payable to individuals_______ . Other debts___ _____ __ _____ 23. 73 5. 44 Inheritance ___ . . . _____ ... . Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 379. $76. 70 $128.15 $104.93 $119. 04 $136.01 $276. 62 21.03 44.00 53. 70 59.02 62.94 142. 08 6. 77 .11 5.08 3. 57 2.13 1. 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 92.19 7.86 17. 76 19.50 32.09 52. 55 0 0 0 .04 . 15 .44 6. 33 0 .44 0 0 3.02 17. 25 .13 .78 0 2.20 11.82 .38 .39 0 0 0 .18 0 0 1.15 5.63 1.32 1. 26 11. 43 0 12.13 0 11.94 0 2.89 0 6.64 0 0 38. 40 0 55. 67 0 0 .13 84.15 6.81 .49 .97 51.23 2.17 .07 4.17 60.02 5.14 0 0 73. 07 5. 36 1.43 0 134. 54 6.90 4. 25 0 8.33 0 .76 6. 71 3.27 0 7.04 2.60 0 4.17 0 0 2.32 3. 30 2.01 6.96 3.83 0 10.68 6.07 30. 59 1.40 .72 11.83 8.95 44. 61 0 3.78 15. 42 6. 22 13. 93 .60 6.84 13. 86 10. 65 19. 36 0 2.49 12.92 8. 57 36.68 26. 78 66. 52 23.02 11.54 9. 51 9.20 158 EAST NORTH C E N TR A L REGION T able 5.— Description of families studied, by income level C IN C IN N A T I, O H IO —W H IT E F A M IL IE S Income level—Families with annual net income of— All fami lies Item $500 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to to and $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over Distribution by Occupation of Chief Earner and by Family Type 1 Families in survey. Number of families in which chief earner is— Clerical worker__ __ __ _ __ Skilled wage earner. _ _ _ _ Semiskilled wage earner. _ Unskilled wage earner. _ _ Number of families composed of— Man and wife __ _ _ Man, wife, and 1 child 2-_ Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2___ Man, wife, and 5 or more children2. Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6 persons) 2___ _ _ . Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or more persons) 2____ Man, wife, and 1 adult_____ Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults. Man, wife, and 5 or more adults... Adults (2 or 3 persons not includ ing man and wife) ... Adults (4 or more persons not in cluding man and wife)___ Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons not including man and wife).___ _ . . . __ Adult or adults and children (4 or more persons not including man and wife) ._ ... ... _ 352 36 73 83 68 48 26 8 10 95 81 143 33 6 4 18 8 16 8 36 13 15 24 36 8 26 18 23 1 14 17 16 1 9 6 9 2 3 3 2 0 6 1 3 0 87 63 62 1 13 6 6 0 22 17 14 1 21 14 21 0 19 14 7 0 7 10 10 0 5 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 29 2 1 3 7 6 5 4 1 9 36 18 1 0 0 0 0 1 9 0 0 2 12 3 0 3 6 3 0 2 6 3 0 0 2 6 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 2 1 21 4 6 1 5 0 3 2 0 12 0 0 4 2 3 0 0 3 9 5 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 330 1 12 2 7 34 0 2 0 0 68 0 2 0 3 79 0 4 0 0 65 0 2 0 1 45 0 0 2 1 23 0 2 0 1 7 0 0 0 1 9 1 0 0 0 Distribution by Nativity of Homemaker Number of families having no home maker Number of families having home maker born in— United States.. _ ________ Italy___ _ _ _ __ _ Germany. _ __ _ ___ _____ Russia _____ _ _____ _ _ . Other. _ ___ __ . __ __ _ __ Composition of Household Number of households, _ _ _ __ Average number of persons in house hold ____ ____ Number of households with— Boarders and lodgers ___ _ Boarders only _ _ __ _ Lodgers only __ _ _ _ _ . Other persons ______ Average size of economic family in— Persons___ _____ __ ___ __ _ Under 16 years of age 16 years of age and over. _ __ Expenditure units __ _ _ Average number of persons in house hold not members of economic family_____ _ __ _ __ __ 352 36 73 83 68 48 26 8 10 3. 51 2. 77 3. 04 3. 44 3.46 4.18 3. 73 5. 43 5.19 46 1 2 12 3 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 11 1 0 5 11 0 0 4 12 0 0 1 3 0 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3. 37 0. 88 2. 49 3.09 2.68 0. 74 1.94 2. 47 3. 02 0. 87 2.15 2. 72 3.30 0.89 2.41 2.98 3.33 0. 89 2. 44 3. 07 3. 88 1.14 2.74 3.58 3. 60 0. 53 3.07 3. 41 4. 56 1.00 3. 56 4. 31 5. 20 0.80 4. 40 4. 97 0.16 0.09 0. 02 0.14 0.17 0.35 0.16 0.88 0 1“Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over. 2Families of these types were included in the 1917-18 study, Cost of Living in the United States, B. L. S. Bull. No. 357, 1924. Notes on this table are in appendix A, p.380. 159 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b le 5 . — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued CINCINNATI, OHIO—WHITE FAMILIES—Continued Income level—Families with annual net income of— Item All fami lies $500 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to to and $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over Earnings andIncome Families in survey. __ _ Number of families having— Earnings of subsidiary earners__ Net earnings from boarders and lodgers _ ----- ---Other net rents. _______ Interest and dividends _ __ Pensions and insurance annuities . Gifts from persons outside economic family. _ __ _ _ Other sources of income. . . Deductions from income (business losses and expenses) _ -------Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in liabilities)__ Deficit (net decrease in assets and/ or increase in liabilities) Inheritance-------------Average number of gainful workers per family. _ ____ .. . . . 352 36 73 83 68 48 26 8 10 111 4 11 23 19 18 20 6 10 44 15 29 10 3 2 1 0 2 3 4 1 9 2 8 2 11 2 7 3 10 3 5 0 5 1 4 3 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 21 13 3 2 3 2 6 2 4 4 2 0 2 1 1 2 0 0 7 0 0 4 0 2 1 0 0 214 10 41 56 43 32 20 5 7 135 4 25 1 30 0 27 1 25 1 16 1 6 0 3 0 3 0 1.41 1.11 . 1. 23 1. 31 1.29 1.44 2. 12 2. 00 3. 00 $777 $1, 043 $1, 358 751 1,027 1,322 730 990 1,229 21 37 93 561 885 1,196 0 (3) 0 142 126 190 0 (3) 0 $1, 630 1,567 1,442 125 1,386 0 181 0 $1, 940 1,854 1,654 200 1,651 4 199 0 $2, 265 2,139 1,594 545 1,698 20 421 0 Average amount of— Net family income _ _ _ ---- $1, 523 Earnings of individuals _ _ . 1,468 1,275 Chief earner . _ __ __ _ Subsidiary earners.. . ... 193 Males: 16 years and over__ 1,248 2 Under 16 years.. 218 Females: 16 years and over__ Under 16 years ... (3) Net earnings from boarders and 27 lodgers ______ 5 Other net rents___ _ _ 4 Interest and dividends. _ ___ _ Pensions and insurance annui 13 ties_____ _ ________ _ Gifts from persons outside eco 2 nomic family.. __ _ ___ 4 Other sources of income ... Deductions from income (busi ness losses and expenses) _ (3) Surplus per family having surplus (net increase in assets and/or de crease in liabilities) _ _ __ _ 166 Deficit per family having deficit (net decreasein assets and/or in 227 crease in liabilities) _ Net changein assets and liabilities +14 for all families in survey. _ 5 Inheritance__ __ (3) 8 4 5 4 2 18 2 2 33 3 5 64 11 10 38 4 5 157 57 0 0 0 0 0 3 9 13 0 77 0 60 4 10 1 1 4 3 3 6 1 0 1 2 3 38 0 0 0 0 -2 0 49 93 124 137 181 163 228 273 -112 3 -15 0 +10 6 -13 1 3 Less than $0.50. Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 380. $2,488 $3, 646 2, 233 3, 586 1, 618 1,641 615 1,945 1,834 2, 271 0 0 399 1,315 0 0 (3) -1 0 0 276 261 244 455 311 230 93 568 +80 +148 +118 2 0 0 +148 0 160 EAST NORTH C E N T R A L REGION T a b le 5.— Description of families studied, by income level— Continued CINCINNATI, OHIO—NEGRO FAMILIES Item All fami lies Income level—Families with annual net income of— $500 to $900 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 and $1,500 over Distributionby Occupationof ChiefEarner andby Family Type 1 Families in survey___________________ ___ Number of families in which chief earner is— Clerical worker--------------------------------Skilled wage earner________________ Semiskilled wage earner--------------- -------------Unskilled wage earner_________ _______ Number of families composed of— Man and wife_________________________ Man, wife, and 1 child________________ . . Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children______________ Man, wife, and 5 or more children_______ __ Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6persons). Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or more per sons)------------- ----------------------------------Man, wife, and 1 adult___________________ 'Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults____________ ... Man, wife, and 5 or more adults________ ____ Adults (2 or 3persons not including man and wife) _ Adults (4 or more persons not including man and wife).?__________ _______________ Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons not including man and wife)________________ Adult or adults and children (4 or more persons not including man and wife)__ _ ... _______ 100 34 47 12 7 2 1 18 79 0 0 1 33 0 0 14 33 1 0 2 9 1 1 1 4 33 14 18 2 12 11 7 6 0 1 17 5 7 1 8 3 2 4 0 1 2 0 1 1 2 1 9 2 0 5 0 2 0 0 3 1 6 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 DistributionbyNativityofHomemaker Number of families having no homemaker______ Number of families having homemaker born in United States__ _______________________ 0 0 0 0 0 100 34 47 12 7 100 3.46 34 3. 05 47 3.63 12 3.58 7 4.13 6 0 3 1 2 0 0 0 2 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3.37 1.04 2.33 3.05 3.00 .85 2.15 2.71 3.48 1.06 2.42 3.14 3. 55 1.22 2. 33 3.30 4.11 1.54 2.57 3.62 0.10 0.06 0.17 0.04 0.14 CompositionofHousehold Number of households______ ^_____ _____ Average number of persons in household_______ Number of households with— Boarders and lodgers------------------ _ ---------Boarders only____ _ _____ _ ___ ____ ... Lodgers only----------------- ------------------------Other persons_____ __________ _ _ .. Average size of economic family in— Persons______________________________ Under 16 years of age________ ... - -------16 years of age and over____________ __ Expenditure units._ ________ _______ ... Average number of persons in household not mem bers of economic family______________ ____ 1 “Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over. Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 380. 161 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 5 .— Description of families studied, by income level— Continued C IN C IN N A T I, O H IO —N E G R O F A M IL IE S — C ontinued Item A ll fam i lies Incom e level— Fam ilies w ith annual net incom e of— $500 to $900 $1,200 to $1,500 and over $1,500 $900 to $1,200 E a r n in g s a n d In co m e Fam ilies in su rvey---------- -----------------------------------------N um ber of fam ilies h aving— E arnings of subsidiary earners____________________ N et earnings from boarders and lodgers___________ O ther net ren ts____________________________________ Interest and divid end s___________________ _______ — P ensions and insurance an n u ities_________________ G ifts from persons outside econom ic fam ily............Other sources of incom e____________________________ D edu ctions from incom e (business losses and exp en ses)----------------------------------------------------------------Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in liab ilities)------------------------------------------------------------D eficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in liab ilities)------------------------------------------------------------Inheritance----- ----------------------------------- ------------ --Average num ber of gainful workers per fam ily______ Average am ount of— N et fam ily incom e-------------------------------------------------E arnings of in d ivid u als------- ---------------------------C hief earner__________________________________ Subsidiary earners-------------------------------------------M ales: 16 years and over---------------------U nder 16 years________________________ Fem ales: 16 years and over____________ ____ U nder 16 years________ __________ _ N et earnings from boarders and lodgers_________ O ther net ren ts___________ --- --------------------- Interest and divid end s----------------------------------------P ensions and insurance an n u ities----------------------G ifts from persons outside econom ic fam ily------O ther sources of incom e--------------------------------------D ed u ctions from incom e (business losses and expenses)_______________________________ _______ Surplus per fam ily having surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in liab ilities)___________ D eficit per fam ily having deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in liab ilities)______________ N et change in assets and liabilities for all fam ilies in su rv ey. ---------- --------- ------------------- ------------- Inheritance_________________________________ _______ Less than $0.50. N otes on th is table are in appendix A , p. 380. 2 100 21 8 47 9 4 3 12 7 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 6 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 67 31 0 1.23 24 9 0 1.12 28 18 0 1.26 4 0 1. 42 $751 743 711 32 662 0 81 $1, 026 1,001 949 52 910 20 71 $1, 290 1,277 1,170 107 1,181 0 96 4 1 2 3 $1,010 993 935 58 883 9 101 0 0 0 34 4 13 3 4 0 -3 79 78 +29 0 0 6 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 3 0 20 5 0 0 6 0 0 -6 59 75 69 75 + 13 +22 0 0 8 0 6 7 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 1.29 $1, 664 1,659 1, 514 145 1,257 0 402 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 115 96 + 45 142 0 0 +142 0 162 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a ble 5. — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued CLEVELAND, OHIO—WHITE FAMILIES Item Income level—Families with annual net income of— All fami $500 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 lies to to to to to to to to and $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 over Distribution by Occupation of Chief Earner and by Family Type 1 Families in survey___ Number of families in which chief earner is— Clerical worker ___ _________ Skilled wage earner.. ___ _______ ___ _ Semiskilled wage earner Unskilled wage earner ___ --------Number of families composed of— Man and wife____ _ _ _ ___ Man, wife, and 1 child 2___ ___ Man, wife, and 2to 4 children 2___ _ Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2__ Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6persons)2______ _ _ Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or more persons)2___ _______ Man, wife, and 1 adult.__ _ _ ___ Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults____ Man, wife, and 5 or more adults Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man and wife)_____ ________ Adults (4 or more persons not in cluding man and wife) ______ Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons not including man and wife)___ __ ___• _______ ___ Adult or adults and children (4 or more persons not including man and wife) _ ____ 490 18 78 124 116 97 28 13 7 9 110 136 205 39 1 0 11 6 18 9 38 13 23 35 54 12 37 29 46 4 20 34 39 4 4 15 9 0 2 7 4 0 1 5 1 0 4 2 3 0 124 109 103 4 5 3 2 1 22 21 16 0 32 30 32 1 30 27 25 2 23 21 21 0 5 4 4 0 5 2 2 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 48 1 5 10 11 12 5 2 2 0 9 28 29 1 0 2 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 7 6 1 2 6 6 0 4 8 5 0 2 1 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 1 0 2 0 18 2 8 4 2 2 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 1 3 0 1 0 0 2 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 2 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 14 17 11 10 8 9 1 87 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 54 3 4 1 0 0 2 0 14 77 4 5 4 3 1 2 1 27 75 2 5 2 3 3 2 0 24 75 3 1 3 2 1 2 0 10 20 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 2 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 18 78 124 116 97 28 13 7 9 3.19 3.08 3. 58 3. 68 3. 79 4. 68 3. 72 4. 73 4. 25 Distribution by Nativity of Homemaker Number of families having no home maker _ __ _ _ Number of families having homemaker born in— United States. _ _ _ _ Italy______________________ Germany,. ___________ _ Poland. _ _________ _ Russia____ __ _ England ____ _ ___ _ Ireland ____ _____ _ _ _ _ Sweden . . . __________ Other____ _ _ __ ___ ______ Composition of Household Number of households-- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Average number of persons in house hold_______________________ Number of households with— Boarders and lodgers. _ _ __ __ _ Boarders only____ __ ______ Lodgers only_____ _ Other persons___ _ ______ Average size of economic family in— Persons____________________ Under16years of age___ ____ _ 16years of ageand over__ __ ___ Expenditure units Average number of persons in house holdnot members of economic family. 490 3. 64 77 1 11 29 1 0 0 0 6 0 1 4 19 0 5 6 20 1 4 6 19 0 1 5 8 0 0 4 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 3.46 0.98 2. 48 3 17 3.14 0.97 2.17 2. 83 3.01 0. 77 2. 24 2. 72 3. 41 1. 04 2. 37 3.11 3. 47 1.03 2.44 3.15 3. 56 1.01 2. 55 3. 30 4. 36 1.30 3. 06 4. 05 3. 30 0. 92 2. 38 3.06 4. 72 0. 57 4.15 4. 52 4. 21 0. 44 3. 77 4. 02 0.20 0.06 0.09 0.19 0. 23 0. 25 0. 34 0. 43 0. 02 0. 13 1“Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over. 2Families of these types were included in the 1917-18 study, Cost of Living in the United States, B. L. S. Bull. No. 357, 1924. Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 380. TABULAR SUMMARY T able 163 5 .- —Description of families studied, by income level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed Ite m A ll fam i lies In co m e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com e of— $500 to $900 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 to to to to to to to and $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 over E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e 490 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ____________ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — E a rn in g s of su b sid iary 168 ea rn ers____ _ _ - N e t earn in gs from boarders 85 an d lod gers _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 O ther n e t r e n ts--------------------122 In te re st an d d iv id en d s P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n 13 n u itie s _____________________ G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e 67 eco n o m ic fa m ily -- _______ 32 O ther sou rces of in co m e _ _ D e d u c tio n s from in com e (b u sin ess losses an d ex 23 p en ses) — S u rp lu s (n et increase in assets an d/or d ecrease in lia b ilitie s)_____ _____ __ ___ 283 D e fic it (n et d ecrease in assets an d/or increase in lia b ilitie s)-- _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 204 8 In h erita n ce _________ A verage n u m b er of gain fu l w ork ers per fa m ily ----------- 1.43 A verage a m o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e _______ - $1, 611 E a rn in g s of in d iv id u a ls _ _ 1,552 1,403 C h ief earner _ 149 S u b sid ia ry earners— M ales: 16 years an d over_ 1, 378 U n d er 16 years __ (3) F em ales: 16 years an d 174 over _ U n d er 16 yea rs. 0 N e t earn in gs from b oard 30 ers an d lo d g ers_________ 8 O ther n e t ren ts _____ 4 In terest an d d iv id e n d s___ P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u ities __ __ 7 G ifts from persons o u t 6 sid e eco n om ic fa m ily ____ O ther sources of in co m e _ _ _ 8 D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u sin ess losses and ex -4 p en ses) ___ _ _ _ S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g su rp lu s (n et increase in assets an d/or decrease in 156 lia b ilities) _ _ __ _ D e fic it per fam ily h a v in g d eficit (n et decrease in assets an d/or increase in 219 lia b ilitie s)-- _ __ _ N e t ch an ge in assets and lia b ilitie s for all fam ilies -1 in su r v e y ___ __ ------------9 In h erita n ce _______ __ __ _ 18 78 124 116 97 28 13 7 9 2 1 1 2 0 1 0 22 7 4 19 1 12 4 38 20 10 25 36 20 7 27 1 12 7 14 8 3 4 3 21 4 36 25 14 35 2 18 10 3 2 3 6 3 0 4 2 0 2 5 0 1 2 1 1 0 9 1 1 4 0 0 2 1 5 9 4 2 1 0 0 1 7 43 63 69 60 18 10 6 7 11 0 1.11 34 2 60 2 1. 35 47 1 1.35 36 2 1.47 10 0 1. 61 3 1 1 0 2. 57 2 0 2. 56 $763 $1, 064 742 1,046 995 737 51 5 556 869 0 0 186 177 0 0 16 10 3 8 2 (3) 1 0 1 7 0 4 1. 69 $1, 355 $1, 637 $1,938 $2, 238 $2, 536 $2,835 $3, 448 1,319 1,575 1, 871 2, 054 2, 369 2, 781 3, 337 1,235 1,476 1,705 1,774 2,020 1,953 1,918 84 280 349 828 1,419 99 166 1,196 1,459 1,710 1,839 1,898 2, 528 2,183 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 122 253 1,154 161 471 115 213 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 85 0 8 23 33 77 11 6 17 5 8 0 20 1 4 8 3 5 3 39 2 4 34 3 67 29 0 2 1 0 0 8 4 7 49 0 45 1 7 8 27 0 0 -1 224 123 202 436 235 251 660 904 211 +27 (3) +54 0 -5 8 38 +44 0 +293 0 -4 -9 -6 -5 44 100 121 164 184 225 197 236 150 -1 2 0 0 -3 1 36 -5 3 6 +37 3 3 L ess th a n $0.50. N o tes on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. 1. 33 (3) (3) EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 164 T a b l e 5 . — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S In com e le v e l—-F a m ilies w ith an n u al n et in com e of— A ll fam ilies Item D istr ib u tio n by $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 to to to to to an d $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 over O c c u p a tio n o f C h ief E a r n e r an d by F a m ily T yp e i F a m ilies in su r v e y ------------------------------------------N u m b e r of fam ilies in w h ic h chief earner is— C lerical w o r k e r ._________ _ _ _____ ________ _ S k illed w a g e earn er______________ _ _ _ _ _ _ S em isk illed w ag e e a r n e r ___________________ U n sk ille d w a g e e a r n e r _________ _ _ . N u m b e r of fam ilies com p o sed of— M a n an d w ife ____________________ _______ M a n , w ife, a n d 1 ch ild 2________ __________ _ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 c h ild r e n 2____ _____ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore c h ild r e n 2----------M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 p e r so n s)2_________________________________ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore p e r so n s)2 ____________________ ___ M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u lt ___ ______ _______ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts____________ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts _______ _ A d u lts (2 or 3 persons n o t in clu d in g m an an d w ife )___________________________________ A d u lts (4 or m ore persons n o t in clu d in g m a n an d w ife )______ ______________________ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 per sons n o t in c lu d in g m an an d w ife) ______ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore persons n o t in clu d in g m a n and w ife )____ D istr ib u tio n $500 to $900 266 70 75 95 26 76 56 36 1 23 9 25 16 0 12 4 2 32 4 2 20 6 10 8 0 0 2 0 2 72 14 20 30 8 29 22 5 1 7 1 4 0 0 2 6 1 0 0 1 1 0 258 2 3 2 266 3. 62 46 3 15 15 3.33 0.88 2.45 3.10 0.31 64 18 22 17 7 14 9 15 0 5 1 7 6 0 5 1 41 15 8 17 1 35 11 15 7 2 13 5 3 4 1 15 8 5 0 3 4 6 9 0 3 2 4 2 0 1 3 3 1 1 0 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 9 3 5 0 1 1 2 1 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 6 1 0 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 32 0 0 0 71 0 0 0 60 0 3 1 39 1 0 1 34 1 0 0 13 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 32 2.93 4 0 0 72 3.38 14 0 7 1 3.03 0.84 2.19 2.83 0.38 64 3.74 13 1 4 41 3.64 6 0 3 5 3.26 0.91 2.35 3.08 0.39 35 4.10 6 1 1 4 3.80 1.17 2.63 3. 55 0.3 0 13 4.66 2 1 0 0 4.35 1.17 3.18 3.73 0.32 9 3. 75 1 0 0 1 3. 53 0. 57 2.96 3.88 0.2 5 3 0 4 0 2 b y N a tiv ity of H o m e m a k e r N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g n o h o m em a k er. _ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g h o m em a k er b orn in — U n ite d S t a t e s __________ __ ____ I ta ly ____________________ ____________________ G e rm a n y _____ _______________ __ ___ ___ O ther_______ _ ____________ _ _ _ _______ C o m p o sitio n of H o u seh o ld N u m b e r of h o u se h o ld s.__ _ ___________ _ ___ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u seh o ld ___ N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s w ith — B oarders an d lo d g e r s .._ ___________________ B oarders o n ly . _____ _______ _____ ________ L odgers o n ly _________________________________ O ther p erson s________ ____________________ A verage size of eco n om ic fa m ily in — P erso n s........................___ _. ---------------------U n d er 16 yea rs of a g e _____________________ 16 years of age an d o v e r _________________ E x p en d itu re u n its __________________ __ __ A verage n u m b er of person s in h ou seh old n o t m em b ers of eco n om ic fa m ily ___________ 2 2.76 0.47 2.29 2.58 0.1 8 2 3.45 0.94 2.51 3.19 0.16 1 “ C h ild ren ” are d efin ed as persons u n d er 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age an d over. 2 F a m ilies of th ese ty p e s w ere in clu d ed in th e 1917-18 stu d y , C ost of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S ta tes, B . L . S. B u ll. N o . 357, 1924. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. 165 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 5 . — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed In co m e level-—F a m ilies w ith an n u al n e t in com e of— Item A ll fam ilies $500 to $900 to $1,200 to $1,500 to $1,800 to $2,100 to $2,400 an d $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 ov er E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e 266 F a m ilies in su r v e y _____________ ____ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — 72 E a rn in gs of su b sid ia ry earn ers____ N e t earnings from b oarders an d 61 lod gers_________________ >---------------16 O ther n e t r e n ts_____________________ 8 In terest an d d iv id e n d s_____________ 9 P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e econ o m ic fa m ily _____________________ 19 16 O ther sources of in c o m e ___________ D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u si10 n ess losses an d ex p e n se s)________ S u rp lu s (n et increase in assets an d/or decrease in lia b ilities) 168 D e fic it (n et decrease in assets 86 an d /or increase in lia b ilitie s)____ 2 In h erita n ce__________________________ A verage n u m b er of g a in fu l w orkers per fa m ily _____ _____________________ 1. 33 A verage am o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e________________ $1, 400 E a rn in gs of in d iv id u a ls__________ 1, 321 C h ief earner___________ _____ __ 1,203 118 S u b sid ia ry earners_____________ M a les: 16 yea rs an d o v e r _____ 1,170 0 U n d er 16 y ea rs. _____ F em a les: 16 yea rs an d o v e r . _ _ 151 U n d er 16 y e a rs____ (3) N e t earn in gs from boarders an d 41 lod gers__________________________ 10 O ther n e t r e n ts__________________ 1 In terest a n d d iv id e n d s_______ _ P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n 9 n u itie s__________________________ G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e eco n o m ic fa m ily _____ __ . _ 4 O ther sources of in co m e_________ 17 D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u si n ess losses an d exp en ses) . _ . -3 S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g su rp lu s (n et increase in assets an d/or 174 decrease in lia b ilitie s ) ... . D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g deficit (n et d ecrease in a ssets an d /or in 208 crease in lia b ilitie s)_____ . N e t ch an ge in a ssets a n d lia b ili +43 ties for all fam ilies in su r v e y ____ 3 In h erita n ce____________________ _____ 3 L ess th an $0.50, N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. 32 4 3 3 0 2 1 2 1 16 12 1 72 13 19 2 2 2 4 3 3 33 35 0 64 20 17 1 2 1 1.15 1.19 1. 35 41 13 10 2 0 1 4 1 1 29 11 0 1.39 35 10 8 5 2 3 2 1 3 32 3 0 1. 34 13 7 3 1 2 0 0 1 0 9 2 0 1. 65 9 5 1 2 0 0 0 3 0 8 0 0 2. 21 $770 $1,048 $1, 325 $1,631 $1,967 $2,177 716 993 1,260 1, 578 1,824 2,068 704 1,165 1, 423 1,706 1, 682 951 12 42 95 155 118 386 614 937 1,087 1,415 1,632 1,820 0 0 0 0 0 0 102 173 56 163 192 248 0 0 0 0 0 (3) 16 36 58 41 45 54 10 2 3 3 32 5 0 0 2 3 (3) (3) 15 1 6 2 37 0 2 7 2 3 5 0 12 4 9 33 47 1 -1 -5 -3 0 -1 -7 $2, 626 2,366 1, 644 722 1,776 0 590 0 11 76 0 0 0 173 0 8 5 2 41 22 1 63 119 141 141 298 226 366 196 -4 1 3 178 -3 2 0 168 +33 13 298 +19 0 366 +241 0 525 +76 0 0 +325 0 166 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 5. — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued D E T R O I T , M IC H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S A ll fam i lies Item In com e lev el— F a m ilies w ith an n u al n et in co m e of— $500 to $900 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to and $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over Distribution by Occupation of Chief Earner and by Family Type 1 F a m ilie s in s u r v e y ______ N u m b e r of fam ilies in w h ich ch ief earner is— C lerical w ork er____________ _________ S k illed w ag e earn er________________ S em isk illed w a g e earn er______ _ U n sk ille d w a g e ea rn er-- ___ N u m b e r of fam ilies com p o sed of— M a n an d w ife ___ M a n , w ife, an d 1 ch ild 2 - _ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 ch ild ren 2. _ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren 2_ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 persons) 2___ _ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore persons) 2 ___ M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u lt- __ __ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts ___ _ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts--. A d u lts (2 or 3 p erson s, n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )________________ A d u lts (4 or m ore persons, n o t in clu d in g m a n an d w ife )_____ - _ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 p erson s, n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife) - _ . ____________ __ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s, n o t in c lu d in g m an an d w ife ) .. ________ _____ 598 32 96 158 137 100 41 22 12 138 186 230 44 121 128 130 8 65 28 49 27 1 28 4 9 3 14 6 11 8 6 0 2 2 0 1 0 1 0 15 16 53 12 23 26 30 1 5 2 2 3 0 3 1 23 36 88 11 27 39 39 4 19 4 13 4 0 5 0 38 53 37 9 30 33 28 1 10 11 11 6 0 6 0 37 38 21 4 17 19 16 2 13 5 12 5 0 8 1 7 25 8 1 8 1 8 0 9 3 5 4 1 1 0 6 11 5 0 2 2 1 0 7 0 5 1 0 3 1 3 4 4 1 3 0 2 0 0 1 1 3 0 1 1 3 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 6 1 0 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 431 11 9 20 6 34 19 1 1 1 7 58 19 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 68 2 2 2 0 7 3 0 0 0 2 10 118 3 1 6 1 8 4 0 1 0 2 14 101 4 1 1 1 8 8 1 0 0 2 10 79 0 2 3 1 5 2 0 0 1 1 6 26 0 1 3 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 4 14 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 6 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 598 3. 84 85 6 22 34 32 3.41 5 0 2 2 3. 66 1.18 2. 48 3. 37 3.29 1.01 2.28 3. 02 96 3.60 9 1 6 1 3. 48 1.27 2.21 3.13 158 3. 86 16 2 6 8 3. 72 1.37 2. 35 3. 38 137 3. 92 28 0 3 8 3. 65 1.24 2. 41 3.37 100 3. 74 16 1 2 7 3. 58 1.07 2. 51 3. 33 41 4. 35 7 2 2 7 4. 07 0. 98 3. 09 3. 83 22 3. 87 2 0 0 1 3. 71 0. 63 3.08 3. 51 12 4. 56 2 0 1 0 4. 46 0. 46 4. 00 4. 34 0.20 0.14 0. 14 0.16 0.29 0.20 0. 33 0.20 0.13 Distribution by Nativity of Homemaker N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g n o h om emaker__ ____________ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g h o m e m aker born in — U n ite d S ta te s_____________ ___ I ta ly ------ -------------------------- _ _ _ G e r m a n y ____________ ______ __ __ P o la n d ___ ___________________ R u ssia ____________________________ _ C an a d a (n ot F re n c h )_______________ E n g la n d _____________ _______________ Irela n d ------- ----------------------------- --M e x ic o . _____________________ S w e d e n .__ ___ ______ ________ C an ad a (F r e n ch )___________________ O th er________________________________ Composition of Household N u m b e r of h o u se h o ld s. _ _____________ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld __________________________________ N u m b e r o f h o u seh old s w ith — B oad ers an d lod gers_____________ B oard ers o n ly ._ _ ___ _ L o d gers o n ly . __ ______ _____ O th er persons _ _ ____ A verage size of eco n om ic fa m ily in — P erso n s __ __ __ _ ___ _ U n d er 16 years of age ___ ___ 16 years of age an d o v e r ______ __ E x p en d itu r e u n its _ _ _ _ A vera g e n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld n o t m em b ers of eco n om ic fa m ily . ______________ _ 1 “ C h ild ren ” are d efin ed as p erson s u n d er 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age an d over. 2 F a m ilie s of th ese ty p e s w ere in c lu d e d in th e 1917-18 stu d y , C ost of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S tates, B . L . S. B u ll. N o . 357, 1924. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. 167 TABULAE SUMMARY T a b l e 5 . — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued D E T R O I T , M I C H .—-W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed In co m e le v e l— F a m ilies w ith a n n u a l n et in com e of— Ite m fam i lies $500 to $900 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to an d $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over E a r n in g s an d In c o m e 598 ____ F a m ilie s in su r v e y , N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — E a rn in gs of su b sid ia ry earners____ 168 N e t earn in gs from boarders an d 100 l o d g e r s ,____ _ _ _ _ 55 O ther n et ren ts___ 24 In terest an d d iv id e n d s______ 12 P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s, _ G ifts from persons o u tsid e eco50 n o m ic fa m ily _ _ 27 O ther sources of in c o m e , _ D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u sin ess 28 losses an d expenses) S u rp lu s (n et increase in assets an d/or decrease in lia b ilitie s)____ 340 D e fic it (n et decrease in assets 241 an d/or increase in lia b ilities) __ 6 In h e r ita n c e____ _ A verage n u m b er of gain fu l w orkers 1. 35 per fa m ily ,. A verage a m o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in com e $1, 571 E a rn in gs of in d iv id u a ls _____ 1, 515 C h ief earn er., _ _ ___ 1, 386 S u b sid iary earners . 129 M ales: 16 years an d over 1, 372 U n d er 16 y e a rs. (3) 143 F em a les: 16 years an d o v er___ U n d er 16 y ea rs______ (3) N e t earnings from boarders an d lod gers, _ __ ______ 30 8 O ther n et r en ts. 2 In terest an d d iv id e n d s. P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce an n u ities. 7 G ifts from persons o u tsid e eco n o m ic fa m ily _ _ _ _ _ ____ 6 O ther sources of in c o m e . 5 D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u si -2 n ess losses an d expenses) _ _. S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g su rp lu s (n et increase in assets an d/or d e crease in lia b ilities) 148 D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g deficit (n et decrease in assets an d/or in 206 crease in lia b ilities) N e t ch an ge in assets an d lia b ilities for all fam ilies in su r v e y +1 4 In h e r ita n c e, _____ 32 9 5 6 1 1 3 0 2 9 22 0 1. 33 $785 $1,078 748 1,053 701 1.038 47 15 602 1,006 (3) (3) 146 47 0 0 16 15 17 5 1 1 4 0 4 4 0 1 -5 -1 -12 158 33 23 15 7 4 17 6 7 137 25 28 9 3 3 12 7 7 85 49 0 1. 21 41 28 11 5 2 1 2 2 3 27 14 1 1.93 0 19 3 0 1. 77 12 11 1 3 1 0 2 1 1 8 3 0 2. 79 $1, 343 $1, 625 $1, 924 $2, 252 $2, 477 1, 293 1, 555 1, 876 2,163 2, 308 1, 250 1, 482 1, 707 1, 796 1. 864 43 73 169 444 367 1, 224 1, 472 1, 632 1, 880 1, 865 1 (3) (3) (3) (3) 69 83 244 281 443 1 0 0 (3) (3) 23 45 28 57 33 8 8 9 15 6 1 1 3 6 0 4 8 8 89 0 5 2 24 8 5 11 6 7 5 8 -1 -4 -1 -1 0 $3,104 3, 072 1, 778 1, 294 2, 362 4 706 0 4 25 1 0 2 4 -4 85 68 2 1.24 100 37 18 8 9 0 7 7 4 57 41 2 1.45 22 14 2 3 0 3 1 1 54 61 97 133 194 267 321 362 264 -1 6 7 0 195 -5 1 14 199 -3 4 3 177 +19 0 218 +21 3 229 +176 2 289 +238 0 244 +180 0 3 L ess th a n $0.50. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. 5 3485°— 40 96 11 12 6 1 0 6 3 4 50 41 1 1. 12 168 BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 5 . — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued G R A N D R A P I D S , M IC H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S AAll11 fam i lies Item D istr ib u tio n by O c c u p a tio n and by F a m ily of T yp e C h ief 1 $500 to $900 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 to $1,800 $1,800 to $2,100 28 6 9 9 4 17 9 5 3 0 4 2 2 0 4 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 5 1 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 $2,100 an d over E a rn er F a m ilie s in s u r v e y . . _________ ______ _____ N u m b e r o f fa m ilies in w h ich ch ief earner is— C lerical w ork er_________________ __________ S k ille d w a g e earn er__________________________ S e m isk ille d w a g e earn er_____________________ U n sk ille d w a g e earner----------------------------------N u m b e r of fa m ilies com p osed of— M a n an d w ife __ ____________________________ M a n , w ife, an d 1 ch ild 2______ _________ . _ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 ch ild ren 2 ________ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren 2 _____ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 p e r so n s )2 ________________________________ M a n , w ife, a n d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore p e r s o n s )2________________ . . . M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u lt______________ ____ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts__ . . . __ _ __ M a n , w ife, a n d 5 or m ore a d u lts____________ A d u lts (2 or 3 p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m an an d w ife )--------------------------------- ---------------A d u lts (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )______________________ _____ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 per so n s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )______ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )____ D istrib u tio n In co m e le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u al n et in co m e of— 194 48 52 74 20 47 37 53 1 15 5 14 10 0 7 3 1 1 36 5 9 20 2 12 10 3 0 1 1 6 0 0 2 1 62 46 16 12 23 11 14 14 24 0 3 1 2 1 0 1 1 11 15 17 3 5 7 18 1 6 1 3 2 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 10 4 6 0 1 1 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 173 2 4 1 1 12 30 0 1 0 0 5 59 0 1 0 0 2 43 1 0 1 0 1 24 1 0 0 1 2 14 0 1 0 0 1 3 0 1 0 0 1 194 3. 67 33 0 5 15 36 2.95 2 0 0 3 2. 97 0.58 2. 39 2.74 62 3.78 11 0 1 5 3. 55 1.30 2.25 3. 22 0. 25 46 4.08 7 0 1 5 3. 96 1. 51 2.45 3.60 28 3. 56 11 0 3 1 3.24 0. 75 2.49 3.04 0.43 17 3.70 2 0 0 1 3.69 0.97 2. 72 3. 39 0.1 6 5 4.09 0 0 0 0 4.19 0.29 3.90 4.02 0 b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g n o h o m e m a k er . _ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g h o m em a k er born in — U n ite d S ta te s . __________________ _ __ _ _ G e r m a n y _____________ ________ _ . . . _ P o la n d _____________________________________ _ C an ad a (n ot F ren ch ) _______________ _____ S w e d en . _______ _________________________ O th e r . _______________________________________ C o m p o sitio n o f H o u seh o ld N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s ______________________ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld ____ N u m b e r o f h o u seh o ld s w ith — B oarders an d lo d g ers________________________ B oarders o n ly . ______________________________ L odgers o n ly __________________________________ O ther p erson s_________________________________ A verage size o f eco n o m ic fa m ily in — P erson s _______________________ _________ U n d er 16 yea rs o f a g e ________ ______ 16 years of age an d ov er____ _ _ _______ E x p en d itu re u n its . _ _ _ _ _ ______ _ _ _ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u seh old n o t m em b ers o f eco n o m ic fa m ily ________________ 3. 52 1.08 2.44 3. 23 0.21 0.05 0.1 6 1 “ C h ild ren ” are d efin ed as persons u n d er 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are person s 16 yea rs of age an d over. 2 F a m ilies of th ese ty p e s w ere in clu d ed in th e 1917-19 stu d y , C ost of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S ta tes, B . L . S. B u ll. N o . 357, 1924. N o tes on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. 169 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 5 . — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued G R A N D R A P I D S , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed In co m e le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u al n et in com e of— Ite m A ll fam i lies $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 to $1,800 $1,800 to $2,100 36 8 2 2 1 0 5 3 0 8 25 0 62 16 8 4 4 3 12 2 3 32 46 12 8 4 5 1 6 0 1 25 21 0 17 7 2 1 0 0 1 1 1 12 28 1 1.20 1.28 1.38 28 10 11 1 5 0 5 1 2 18 10 1 1.39 $500 to $900 $2,100 an e over E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e F a m ilie s in su r v e y _____________________________ 194 N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — E a rn in g s of su b sid ia ry earners_______ ____ 58 N e t earnings from boarders an d lod gers___ 32 O ther n e t r en ts_________________ ___________ 13 In terest an d d iv id e n d s_____________ __ _ 16 P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s___________ 4 G ifts from persons o u tsid e eco n om ic fa m ily . 29 O ther sources of in c o m e , ____________ ___ 7 D e d u ctio n s from in co m e (b u sin ess losses an d e x p e n se s)---------------------------------------------8 S u rp lu s (n et in crease in a sse ts an d /or decrease in lia b ilitie s)_______________ __ ___ 99 D e fic it (n et decrease in assets an d/or in crease in lia b ilities)_______________ _________ 90 2 In h erita n ce------------------------- --------------------------A verage n u m b er of gain fu l w orkers per fam ily --------------------------------------- ----------- ----------------- 1. 36 A verage am o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e___________________________ $1, 256 E a rn in gs of in d iv id u a ls___________________ 1, 224 C h ief earner_______________________ ______ 1,110 S u b sid ia ry earners_______________________ 114 M ales: 16 years an d ov er----------------------- 1,083 U n d er 16 y ea rs_______________ _ 0 F em ales: 16 years an d o v er_____________ 141 U n d er 16 yea rs________________ 0 N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lod gers, _ 17 O ther n e t r e n t s _________ _______ 7 In terest an d d iv id en d s _ ___ ____ 2 P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s, ,_ 4 G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e eco n om ic fam 6 ily ------------------------------------------------------------____ O ther sources of i n c o m e ______ 1 D e d u ctio n s from in co m e (b u sin ess losses an d ex p e n se s)____________________________ -5 S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g su rp lu s (n et in crease in a ssets an d /or d ecrease in lia b ili tie s )_________________________________________ 119 D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g d eficit (n et de crease in a ssets an d /or increase in lia b ili tie s)_________________________________________ 173 N e t ch an ge in a ssets an d lia b ilitie s for all -2 0 fam ilies in su r v e y .................................................... 1 In h erita n ce__________________________ _________ 3 L ess th a n $0.50. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. 5 5 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 5 0 1.52 4 1 0 2.82 $767 $1,056 $1,347 $1, 597 $1,897 745 1,022 1,307 1, 547 1,890 716 980 1,222 1,383 1,583 29 42 85 307 164 633 967 1,168 1,385 1,606 0 0 0 0 0 112 55 162 284 139 0 0 0 0 0 5 17 21 39 6 8 6 2 9 8 2 1 2 0 (3) 0 8 6 0 0 3 12 8 8 (8) 1 1 0 2 (3) -3 -7 0 -5 -7 $2,384 2,384 1,411 973 1, 564 0 820 0 4 4 12 0 0 0 -2 0 40 89 105 172 192 151 185 -1 1 9 0 237 -6 1 2 105 +9 0 169 +50 1 78 +113 0 50 +110 0 170 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 5. — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— W H IT E F A M I L IE S In co m e lev el— F a m ilies w ith an n u al n et in co m e of— A ll fam i lies Item $500 to $900 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to an d $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over Distribution by Occupation of Chief Earner and by Family Type 1 F a m ilies in su r v e y . _ _ _ _ N u m b e r of fam ilies in w h ich ch ief earner is: C lerical w ork er---------- -----------------S k illed w ag e earner ___ __ _ _ S em isk illed wTage earner _ _ _ _ U n sk ille d w ag e earner _ _ _ _ _ _ _ N u m b e r of fam ilies com p osed of— M a n an d w ife________ M a n , w ife, an d 1 ch ild 2_______ __ _ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 ch ild ren 2_ _ _ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren 2_ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 persons) 2______ _ __ ___ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore persons) 2 ________ __ M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u lt _ _ _ _ _ _ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts _ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts— A d u lts (2 or 3 p ersons n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife) _ ______ __ _ _ A d u lts (4 or m ore persons n o t in clu d in g m a n an d w ife )_____ __ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 persons n o t in clu d in g m an an d w ife) _ __ _ _ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore persons n o t in clu d in g m an an d w ife) 203 19 49 43 32 29 16 10 5 51 53 70 29 47 38 35 3 11 11 18 9 9 13 9 3 4 10 10 18 5 9 9 12 0 6 10 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 1 0 2 6 6 2 4 2 2 0 1 0 2 3 0 1 1 4 3 1 2 3 0 1 0 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 0 3 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 5 2 0 2 1 12 12 8 0 7 7 2 0 5 0 5 4 0 1 0 11 7 9 2 4 5 6 0 27 2 18 12 0 15 2 1 1 8 9 8 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 194 1 3 1 1 3 18 0 1 0 0 0 47 1 1 0 0 0 43 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 1 0 0 1 27 0 0 0 0 2 15 0 0 1 0 0 9 0 0 0 1 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 203 3. 53 20 0 2 18 3. 42 0.94 2. 48 3.16 19 2. 72 3 0 1 0 2. 53 0.48 2.05 2. 33 49 3. 67 6 0 0 5 3. 57 1.21 2. 36 3.20 43 3. 48 0 0 0 4 3. 49 1. 21 2. 28 3. 20 32 3. 31 1 0 0 3 3. 28 0.60 2.68 3. 09 29 3.90 3 0 1 3 3. 72 1. 20 2. 52 3. 47 16 3. 43 1 0 0 2 3. 40 0.56 2. 84 3. 23 10 4. 70 5 0 0 0 4.15 0. 65 3. 50 3.91 5 2. 88 1 0 0 1 2.68 0 2. 68 2. 61 0.13 0. 20 0.14 (4) 0. 04 0. 22 0. 12 0. 56 0. 32 Distribution by Nativity of Home maker N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g no h o m e m aker __ _ _____ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g h o m e m aker b orn in — U n ite d S tates __ __ ___ I ta ly -- _ -__ _______ ___ _ G erm a n y ___ _ _ _ __ ___ E n g la n d .__ ___ __ __ _ _ __ Irela n d — _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ O th e r .. _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ___ Composition of Household N u m b e r of h o u se h o ld s.-- _______ _ A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u seh o ld — ___ _ __ _ ______ N u m b e r of h o u seh old s w ith — B oarders an d lodgers _ _ B oarders only.. _ _ __ _ L odgers o n ly . _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ O ther p erson s_________ _______ _ A verage size of eco n om ic fam ily in — P erso n s____________ ___ _ _____ U n d er 16 years of age __ 16 years of age an d o v e r_____ __ E x p en d itu re u n its. _ _ _ __ A verage n u m b er of p ersons in h o u se h old n o t m em b ers of econ om ic fa m ily — _ __ __ _ _ __ ___ __ 1 “ C h ild ren ” are defin ed as persons u n d er 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age an d over 2 F am ilies of th ese ty p e s w ere in clu d ed in th e 1917-18 stu d y , C ost of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S tates, B . L . S B u ll. N o . 357, 1924. 4 L ess th an 0.005 person. N o tes on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. 171 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 5. — Description of families studied, by income level-— Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed In com e le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u al n et in com e of— Item A ll fam i lies $500 to $900 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to an d $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over E a rn in g s a n d In c o m e F am ilies in su r v e y _______ ___________ 203 N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — E arn in gs of su b sid ia ry earn ers____ 81 N e t earnings from boarders and lodgers___ _ _____ _ _ 21 O ther n et ren ts ____________ _ _ _ _ 13 In terest an d d iv id e n d s .__ _ 2 P en sio n s an d in su ran ce a n n u itie s. 7 G ifts from persons o u tsid e econom ic fa m ily _____ __ __ __ _ 14 O ther sources of incom e___ _ __ 6 D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u sin ess losses an d exp en ses)_____ ______ 12 S u rp lu s (n et increase in assets and/or decrease in lia b ilitie s)____ 126 D eficit (n et decrease in assets an d/or increase in lia b ilitie s)_____ 73 2 In h e r ita n c e, __ ____ ____ A verage n u m b er of gain fu l w orkers per fa m ily ___ __ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.47 A verage a m o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e -. __ __ ___ _ $1, 523 E a rn in gs of in d iv id u a ls____ _____ 1, 486 C h ief e a r n e r ______ ___ __ _ 1,272 S u b sid iary earners. _ ___ 214 M ales: 16 years an d o v er. __ _ 1, 232 U n d er 16 y e a r s ._ ___ (3) F em ales: 16 years an d o v er___ 254 U n d er 16 years ___ 0 N e t earnings from boarders and lo d g e r s _________________________ 16 O ther n et r en ts___ ___ 5 In terest an d d iv id e n d s. _ _ (3) P en sion s an d in su ran ce an nuities__ ______ _______ __ 10 G ifts from p ersons o u tsid e econ o m ic fa m ily , __ _ 4 O ther sources of in com e ._ _ _ _ 6 D e d u ctio n s from in com e (b u si ness losses an d expenses) _ _ -4 Su rp lu s per fam ily h a v in g su rp lu s (n et increase in assets and/or de crease in liab ilities) 149 D e fic it per fam ily h a v in g d eficit (n et decrease in assets an d/or in crease in liab ilities) _ ___ __ _ 147 N e t chan ge in assets an d liab ilities for all fam ilies in su r v e y , _ +40 2 In h erita n ce _ ____________ _ 3 L ess th a n $0.50. N o tes on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. 19 49 4 4 0 1 0 1 0 2 10 7 0 1.21 10 6 3 0 1 3 1 2 29 19 0 1.33 43 20 0 1 0 0 4 1 4 25 18 2 1.44 32 13 1 1 0 1 3 0 3 19 12 0 1.47 29 16 10 * 13 1 3 1 4 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 3 0 1 12 18 11 4 0 0 1.34 2.06 10 5 7 5 3 0 2 2 0 0 9 1 0 1.90 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 2.00 $780 $1,055 $1, 337 $1, 669 $1, 912 $2, 239 $2, 544 $3,004 780 1,033 1, 336 1, 660 1,861 2,158 2, 221 2, 985 977 1,171 1, 515 1, 636 1,526 1, 539 2, 062 734 165 145 632 46 56 225 682 923 894 1, 111 1,527 1, 609 1, 629 1, 532 2, 191 557 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3) 223 139 225 133 529 252 689 794 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 14 0 4 11 5 146 19 2 0 1 4 23 3 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3) (3) 0 0 0 2 31 4 128 0 2 2 0 7 1 40 0 (3) 1 1 0 0 14 46 0 0 -2 5 -1 -3 0 -4 0 -6 0 56 82 100 166 167 229 251 551 109 -1 0 0 94 +12 0 183 -1 8 7 193 +26 0 117 +60 0 198 + 12 2 0 9 + 22 5 0 566 +327 0 172 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 5 . — Description of families studied, by income level— Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— N E G R O F A M I L IE S A ll fam ilies It6IU D istr ib u tio n by O c c u p a tio n E a rn er and by F a m ily $500 to $600 $600 to $900 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 an d over o f C h ief T yp e 1 F a m ilie s in s u r v e y _______________ _________ N u m b e r o f fam ilies in w h ic h ch ief earner is— C lerical w ork er------------------------- - . . . S k ille d w a g e earn er--------------------------------S e m isk ille d w a g e earn er___________ . _ U n sk ille d w ag e earn er----- ------- _ N u m b e r of fam ilies com p o sed of— M a n an d w ife _____________________________ M a n , w ife, an d 1 c h i l d . . _____ ______ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 c h ild r en .. ------M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren --------M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 p e r so n s)___________________________ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore p e r so n s)------------------------------ M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u lt ________ . . M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts____ __ . . M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts---------A d u lts (2 or 3 p erson s n o t in clu d in g m a n a n d w ife )----------- ----------------------A d u lts (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in clu d in g m a n a n d w ife )__________________________ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife ).. A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife).. D istr ib u tio n In co m e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al n et in com e of— 101 6 4 23 68 36 9 31 42 12 0 0 1 8 0 0 6 2 1 12 0 3 6 1 2 0 1 2 0 25 15 3 1 4 27 16 7 5 3 3 7 1 2 0 2 8 0 2 2 1 0 0 8 0 1 2* 3 2 6 10 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 12 19 4 4 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g n o h o m em a k er. N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g h om em a k er born in U n ite d S ta te s-------------- ----------C o m p o sitio n 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 9 31 42 12 7 101 9 3.29 31 3.05 42 3.6 2 12 7 5. 53 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3.29 1.40 1. 89 2.86 3.07 .91 2.16 2.73 0 0 3.58 1. 21 2. 37 3.24 0.0 4 o f H o u s eh o ld N u m b e r of h o u se h o ld s___ . . . ______ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u seh o ld .. N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s w ith — B oard ers an d lo d g ers____________ ______ B oarders o n l y ..------- ------------------ -------L od gers o n ly ____________________________ O ther p erso n s___________________ _______ A verage size of eco n o m ic fa m ily in — P er so n s____________________________________ U n d er 16 y ea rs of a g e_________ _. . 16 years of age an d o v e r_______________ E x p en d itu r e u n its -----------------------------------A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u seh old n o t m em b ers of eco n om ic fa m ily ________ 3.70 5 0 3 1 3.63 1. 21 2. 42 3.26 0.08 4.9 2 4 0 1 0 4. 42 1. 37 3.05 3. 97 0. 49 0 0 0 1 5. 51 2.08 3.43 4. 98 0.02 “ C h ild ren ” are d efin ed as p erson s u n d er 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are p erson s 16 y ea rs of age an d over. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. 1 173 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 5 . — D e s c r i p t i o n o f f a m i l i e s s t u d i e d , b y i n c o m e level — Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed Ite m A ll fam ilies In com e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com e of— $500 to $600 $600 tc $900 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 an d over E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e F a m ilie s in su r v e y ------------------ ---------------N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — E a rn in g s of su b sid ia r y earners__________ N e t e a rn in gs from b oarders an d lo d g ers. O th er n e t r e n ts____________________ __ . _ In te re st an d d iv id e n d s. --------- ------------P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s_______ G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e eco n om ic fa m ily ___ ________________ ___________ O ther sou rces of in c o m e -------------------------D e d u c tio n s from in co m e (b u sin ess lo sses an d e x p e n se s)------------- ------------S u rp lu s (n et in crease in assets an d /or decrease in lia b ilitie s )____________ __ D e fic it (n et d ecrease in assets an d/or in crea se in lia b ilitie s ). ________ __ . _ I n h e r ita n c e _________________ . . . -------A verage n u m b er of g a in fu l w ork ers per fa m ily _________________________ _________ A verage a m o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e _______________________ E a rn in g s of in d iv id u a ls___ . . . ._ C h ief earner________ . ------------ . S u b sid ia ry ea rn ers. _. __ -----------M a les: 16 years an d o v er_______ U n d er 16 y e a r s .. _______ __ F em a les: 16 yea rs an d o v e r .__ U n d er 16 years __ _ . . . N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lo d g e r s ________________________ ____ O ther n e t ren ts____________ __ . . __ _ In terest an d d iv id e n d s---------------- . P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s_____ G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e eco n om ic f a m ily _______________ . . -------------O ther sou rces of in c o m e _______________ D e d u ctio n s from in co m e (b u sin ess losses an d exp en ses) _ -------------S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g su r p lu s (n et in crease in a ssets an d /or decrease in lia b ilit ie s ) ________ ___________ . . . D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g d eficit (n et decrease in assets an d/or increase in lia b ilit ie s ) ._________________ ._ . . . N e t ch an ge in a ssets an d lia b ilitie s for all fam ilies in su r v e y _____________ _ _ In h e r ita n c e____ . . . . _ ________ __ 2 L ess th a n $0.50. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. 101 39 7 0 0 7 4 6 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 31 10 0 0 0 4 42 0 2 19 3 0 0 1 1 2 0 79 21 0 1.54 0 6 3 0 1.11 0 27 4 0 1. 39 0 29 12 0 1. 57 $990 974 886 88 894 2 77 1 6 0 0 4 1 5 0 $552 551 531 20 448 0 103 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 $775 761 701 60 703 0 57 1 0 0 0 8 0 6 0 $1,024 1,015 946 69 939 0 75 1 3 0 0 2 4 0 $1, 309 1,250 1,158 92 1,189 0 61 0 42 0 0 (2) 8 9 0 76 44 46 105 57 130 68 +46 0 16 +22 0 37 +35 0 91 +46 0 57 +38 0 0 +130 0 (2) 12 5 4 0 0 1 2 1 0 10 2 0 1. 67 7 4 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 7 0 0 2.43 $1, 748 1,746 1,339 407 1, 546 24 176 0 0 0 0 2 (2) 0 0 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 174 T able 5 . — -D e s c r i p t i o n o f f a m i l i e s s t u d i e d , b y i n c o m e level — Continued L A N S I N G , M I C H .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S In co m e le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u al n et in co m e of— Item A ll fa m ilies $600 to $900 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 to $1,800 $1,800 to $2,100 22 10 6 6 0 9 6 4 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 6 4 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 $2,100 an d over Distribution by Occupation of Chief Earner and by Family Type i F a m ilie s in su r v e y ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ N u m b e r of fam ilies in w h ic h ch ief earner is— C lerical w ork er. __ __________ _______ __ S k illed w ag e earn er_____ _ _ _ __ __ S em isk illed w ag e earner __ __ _______ __ U n sk ille d w ag e earner _______ N u m b e r of fam ilies com p o sed of— M a n a n d w if e .. _ _ ___ __ __ _ __ M a n , w ife, an d 1 c h ild ___ _ _ _ _ _ _____ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 ch ild ren _ _ ____ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren ___ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 p e r so n s). _ ___ _ _________ _____ _ M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore p erso n s)_____ __ __ _ M a n , w ife, an d 1 ad ult__ __ __ _ _ _ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u l t s _______ _ _ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts A d u lts (2 or 3 persons, n o t in c lu d in g m an an d w ife ). _ ___ _____ A d u lts (4 or m ore persons, n o t in clu d in g m a n an d w ife) _ ________ ______ ________ A d u lt or ad u lts an d children (2 or 3 per sons n o t in clu d in g m an an d w ife) _ _____ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )____ 145 41 48 44 12 41 27 35 1 18 2 6 2 0 8 1 1 3 14 3 3 6 2 5 2 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 34 9 4 16 5 7 6 15 0 3 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 37 9 15 9 4 0 1 32 6 18 7 1 13 6 4 0 4 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 135 3 1 2 3 14 0 0 0 0 34 0 0 0 0 31 1 0 1 3 30 0 1 1 0 21 1 0 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 145 3. 57 22 2 9 12 3. 37 1.11 2.26 3.10 0. 25 14 2. 53 1 0 0 1 2. 49 0.35 2.14 2. 32 0.09 34 3. 76 5 0 3 3 3. 55 1.35 2.20 3.20 0. 22 37 4.11 4 2 3 4 3.89 1.52 2. 37 3. 56 0.27 32 3. 63 7 0 3 2 3. 25 1.00 2. 25 3.01 0.46 22 2.88 3 0 0 1 2. 79 0. 74 2.05 2.60 0.12 6 4.20 2 0 0 1 3.99 0.87 3.12 3. 77 0.32 7 7 10 1 7 2 1 0 0 1 0 Distribution by Nativity of Homemaker N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g no h o m em a k er. __ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g h om em a k er born in — U n ite d S ta tes. _ ____ G e r m a n y --------- _ __ ______ P o la n d _ __ _ ___________________ __ _ _ C an a d a (n ot F r e n c h )__________ __ _ _ _ O ther _ _ ------- _ _ Composition of Household N u m b e r of h o u seh o ld s______ A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u seh old — N u m b e r of h o u seh old s w ith — B oarders an d lod gers___ ___________ B oarders o n ly . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ __ L odgers o n ly _____ ___ ________ _ __ O ther p erso n s. __ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _______ A verage size of eco n om ic fa m ily in — P erson s _ ________ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ U n d er 16 years of age _ _ _ _ _ 16 years of age an d over_ _ _ _ ____ E x p en d itu re u n its._ _ ____________ _ ___ _ A verage n u m b er of persons in h ou seh old n o t m em b ers of eco n om ic fa m ily .— _ _ __ 1 “ C h ild ren ” are defin ed as p ersons u nder 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are p erson s 16 years of age an d over. N o tes in th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. 175 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 5 . — D e s c r i p t i o n o f f a m i l i e s s t u d ie d , b y i n c o m e level — Continued L A N S I N G , M IC H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u e d In co m e le v e l— F a m ilies w ith an n u al n et in com e of— A ll fa m ilie s Item E a r n in g s an d $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 to $1,800 $1,800 to $2,100 34 11 7 1 0 0 2 0 2 37 8 7 2 2 1 1 1 2 32 10 10 1 1 0 1 1 2 23 10 1 1.36 20 15 1 1.11 24 5 0 1.25 22 5 2 4 1 0 2 0 1 12 9 1 1. 24 4 2 1 1.11 $782 $1, 064 $1,318 $1, 592 $1, 829 758 1,032 1,289 1, 540 1, 791 742 1,000 1,262 1,455 1,663 32 16 27 85 128 930 1,267 1, 434 1,562 557 1 0 0 0 0 22 201 101 106 229 0 0 0 0 0 25 54 17 28 13 2 2 2 5 30 0 3 1 0 (2) 0 6 0 0 0 2 1 1 5 3 0 0 3 0 (2) -1 1 0 -9 -8 (2) $2, 526 2, 472 1,635 837 1,916 0 556 0 30 0 20 0 5 0 -1 $2,100 and over In com e F a m ilie s in su r v e y ___________ _________ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — E a rn in g s of su b sid ia r y earners-------------N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lod gers___ O ther n et ren ts. . . . . . ------ _ In terest a n d d iv id e n d s___________ _ ___ P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s. _ _ __ G ifts from persons o u tsid e eco n om ic fa m ily . O ther sources of in c o m e____ . . . . D e d u c tio n s from in com e (b u sin ess losses an d ex p e n se s)____ . . . . . . _ S u rp lu s (n et increase in a ssets an d/or d e crease in lia b ilities) _ ------ . . . D e fic it (n et decrease in a ssets an d /or in crease in lia b ilities) _ _ _ _ In h erita n ce ___ . ____ _ -----A verage n u m b er of ga in fu l w orkers per f a m ily -----------------------------------------------------------A verage am o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in co m e. ______ E a rn in gs of in d iv id u a ls. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ C h ief earner _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S u b sid iary earners M ales: 16 years an d over __ _ __ __ U n d er 16 years __ _ F em a les: 16 years an d over _ U n d er 16 yea rs __ ______ _ N e t earnings from boarders an d lod gers. _ O ther n et ren ts ____ _ _ ____________ _ In terest an d d iv id e n d s____ _ _ P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u ities G ifts from p erson s o u tsid e econ om ic fam ily_ _________ __ __ __ O ther sources of in c o m e ____ D e d u ctio n s from in co m e (b u sin ess losses an d expenses) _ _ _ ______ __ _____ S u rp lu s per fa m ily h a v in g su rp lu s (net increase in assets an d /or decrease in lia b ilitie s)_ ___ _ __ _ _ _ -----------------D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g deficit (n et d e crease in assets an d /or increase in lia b ilitie s). _ ______ __ N e t change in assets an d lia b ilitie s for all fam ilies in su r v e y ____ In h erita n ce___ ______ _ _ _ _ 145 46 29 9 5 1 10 2 8 89 48 4 1.28 $1,395 1,357 1,269 88 1, 227 (2) 130 0 30 7 2 2 2 1 -6 2 L ess th an $0.50. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. $600 to $900 14 6 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 6 7 0 1.19 6 6 2 0 1 0 1 0 1 157 io2 69 122 221 246 274 171 +40 2 112 -1 2 148 +3 (2) 199 -1 5 3 124 +146 0 229 +41 3 147 +134 18 0 176 BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T 5 . — D e s c r i p t i o n o f f a m i l i e s s t u d i e d , b y i n c o m e level — Continued able M I L W A U K E E , W IS .— W H IT E F A M I L IE S In com e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith a n n u al n e t in co m e of— Item D istrib u tio n b y A ll fam i lies $600 to $900 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to an d $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over O c c u p a tio n o f C h ie f T yp e 1 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ________________ __ N u m b e r o f fam ilies in w h ich chief earner is— C lerical w ork er_________________ __ S k illed w ag e earn er______________ __ S em isk illed w a g e earn er. ____ U n sk ille d w a g e e a r n e r ________ __ N u m b e r of fam ilies com p o sed of: M a n an d w ife_________ ______ M a n , w ife, an d 1 c h ild 2_______ __ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 ch ild ren 2 __ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore ch ild ren 2. M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (4 to 6 persons) 2_ ------M a n , w ife, an d ch ild ren an d a d u lts (7 or m ore persons) 2____ M a n , w ife, an d 1 a d u l t _____ ____ M a n , w ife, an d 2 to 4 a d u lts_______ M a n , w ife, an d 5 or m ore a d u lts ..A d u lts (2 or 3 persons n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )________________ A d u lts (4 or m ore persons n o t in clu d in g m a n a n d w ife )___________ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (2 or 3 p erson s n o t in c lu d in g m a n an d w ife )______ ______________________ _ A d u lt or a d u lts an d ch ild ren (4 or m ore p erson s n o t in clu d in g m an an d w ife )___________________ . . _ E a rn er a n d b y F a m ily D istr ib u tio n 446 14 79 114 125 75 22 9 8 100 136 155 55 110 86 102 7 47 13 33 19 0 15 6 3 2 2 7 6 2 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 13 18 31 17 23 14 25 0 8 0 1 1 0 4 1 25 34 41 14 25 22 29 0 6 3 13 6 0 5 2 28 45 44 8 32 26 28 4 13 4 9 4 0 2 1 21 23 24 7 16 15 15 3 13 2 6 3 0 1 0 5 9 7 1 2 6 1 0 6 3 1 2 0 0 1 1 3 4 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 4 2 2 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 333 3 40 • 21 4 6 2 3 33 11 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 57 1 5 4 1 1 1 1 8 82 2 12 2 2 3 0 1 9 94 0 12 8 1 1 0 1 8 62 0 4 1 0 1 1 0 6 16 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 446 3. 73 61 4 8 22 3.54 1.09 2.45 3.24 14 2. 57 1 0 0 1 2.43 .29 2.14 2.25 79 3.49 11 1 0 1 3.33 1.11 2.22 3.01 114 3.60 16 0 5 5 3.39 .99 2.40 3.08 125 3. 71 16 2 1 5 3.55 1.14 2.41 3.25 75 4.00 10 1 1 4 3.86 1. 35 2. 51 3.53 22 4.85 4 0 1 3 4. 57 1.18 3.3 9 4.2 8 9 4. 75 2 0 0 1 4.4 4 1.11 3. 33 4.2 0 8 3. 21 1 0 0 2 2.84 .41 2.43 2.75 0.20 0.14 0.17 0.22 0.17 0.20 0.3 2 0.3 3 0.37 b y N a tiv ity o f H om em aker N u m b e r o f fam ilies h a v in g no h o m e m ak er _____________ ____________ _ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g h o m e m ak er born in — U n ite d S ta te s. _ . . . _ . . . . . . _ Ita ly __________________________________ G e r m a n y ______________ _______ __ P o la n d ___ _____ __ ____________ R u ssia _____ __ . . . __ _______ __ C an ad a (n ot F re n c h )____________ __ E n g la n d _____ _______ _ _________ S w e d en _________ __ . . . __ __ O th er. _________________ ______ C o m p o sitio n o f H o u s eh o ld N u m b e r o f h o u se h o ld s_______________ A verage n u m b er of p ersons in h o u se h o ld . _ N u m b e r o f h o u seh old s w ith — B oarders an d lod gers________ B oarders o n ly _______________________ L odgers o n ly ________ __ ___ O ther p erson s_____________________ . A verage size o f eco n om ic fa m ily in — P erso n s____ ________ _________ , U n d er 16 years of age___ _____ ___ 16 years o f age an d o v e r _________ E x p en d itu re u n its___________ ______ A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld n o t m em b ers of eco n om ic f a m i l y . . . ________ ___________________ 1 “ C h ild ren ” are d efin ed as persons u n d er 16 years of age. “ A d u lts” are persons 16 years of age an d over. 2 F a m ilies o f th ese ty p e s w ere in clu d ed in th e 1917-18 stu d y , C ost of L iv in g in th e U n ite d S ta tes, B . L . S. B u ll N o . 357, 1924. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. TABULAR SUMMARY T able 5.— 177 D e s c r i p t i o n o f f a m i l i e s s t u d i e d , b y i n c o m e level — Continued M I L W A U K E E , W I S — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed In co m e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n e t in co m e of— Ite m A ll fam i lies $600 to $900 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to an d $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e F am ilies in su r v e y ____________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — E a rn in gs o f su b sid ia ry earn ers___ N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lod gers_____________________________ O ther n et ren ts_____________________ In terest an d d iv id e n d s_____________ P en sio n s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s .. G ifts from persons o u tsid e econom ic fa m ily _______________ __________ O ther sources o f in c o m e _________ D e d u ctio n s from in co m e (b u sin ess losses an d e x p e n se s)_____________ S u rp lu s (n et increase in a ssets an d / or decrease in lia b ilitie s)_________ D e fic it (n et decrease in assets an d /or increase in lia b ilitie s)___ In h e r ita n c e _____ _______ ____________ A verage n u m b er of ga in fu l w orkers per fa m ily _________ _____ ____________ A verage am o u n t of— N e t fa m ily in c o m e __________________ E a rn in gs of in d iv id u a ls_________ C h ief e a r n e r ___________ ____ S u b sid ia ry earn ers_____________ M ales: 16 years an d o v e r. U n d er 16 y e a rs. ______ F em a les: 16 years an d o v er— U n d er 16 years . . . N e t earn in gs from boarders an d lod gers_________________________ O ther n e t r en ts_________ ____ In terest an d d iv id e n d s_________ P en sion s an d in su ra n ce a n n u itie s______________________________ G ifts from persons o u tsid e eco n om ic fa m ily ___________ __ O ther sources of in c o m e ._ . . . D e d u ctio n s from in co m e (b u si n ess losses an d e x p e n s e s ) _____ S u rp lu s per fam ily h a v in g su rp lu s (n et increase in assets and/or decrease in lia b ilitie s). . . _______ D e fic it per fa m ily h a v in g d eficit (n et decrease in assets and/or increase in lia b ilitie s)____________ N e t ch an ge in assets an d liab ilities for all fam ilies in s u r v e y . . . _____ In h erita n ce____________ . . . _____ 446 124 63 51 35 17 21 8 25 264 168 4 1.32 $1, 555 1,503 1, 371 132 1,344 (3) 159 0 27 14 2 8 3 1 -3 1 1 1 0 0 0 3 5 8 3 1.14 79 7 9 8 4 2 2 2 0 42 114 22 19 10 11 3 4 1 8 66 45 0 1.21 125 35 17 13 7 4 22 17 4 5 2 0 1 1 2 9 5 2 1 2 2 8 6 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 16 6 0 0 0 0 6 3 0 2.00 1.78 6 2 0 1.75 $809 $1,068 $1, 346 $1, 640 $1, 917 $2, 239 $2, 557 808 1,031 1,303 1,594 1,846 2,191 2,421 790 1,018 1, 253 1,487 1, 642 1,567 2,058 204 624 18 13 50 107 363 644 938 1,237 1,471 1, 648 1, 525 2,035 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 164 122 198 93 66 666 386 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 1 16 32 39 29 29 12 3 12 10 23 13 38 2 2 25 1 3 1 (3) 4 0 44 0 7 3 7 2 1 5 5 1 0 0 2 4 0 1 0 (3) (3) -1 -1 0 -4 0 -6 -7 $2,964 2,709 1,909 800 2,021 0 688 0 42 35 7 150 2 22 -3 31 0 1.09 7 1 5 75 30 10 12 6 5 6 2 5 45 28 1 1.44 78 45 0 1.32 150 241 92 84 132 236 197 130 675 203 +12 5 93 +33 116 137 -5 0 215 -3 6 0 221 +3 0 217 +60 11 148 +103 0 327 -2 3 0 742 +321 0 3 L ess th a n $0.50. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p.380 14 2 178 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 6. — E x p e n d i t u r e s f o r g r o u p s o f i t e m s , b y i n c o m e level C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S In co m e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in co m e of— Item E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fam i lies $500 to $900 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to and $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over G r o u p s o f Ite m s 352 F a m ilie s in su r v e y . _ . . . A verage fa m ily size: 3.37 P erso n s ______ - E x p en d itu r e u n its _ ^----------------------F o o d exp en d itu re u n its --------- 2. 89 C lo th in g exp en d itu re u n its ___ . . . 2. 70 A v erage an n u a l cu rren t ex p en d itu re for— $1, 519 A ll ite m s ---------- - -------------544 F o o d ___ . . . . . . . . . . . 158 C lo th in g .. . ._ . . 239 H o u sin g . . . . F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration ____ 91 O ther h o u seh o ld o p e r a tio n .. _ _ 50 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t_____ 77 T ra n sp o rta tio n __ _ _ ----------131 29 P erso n al care. 52 M e d ic a l care 86 R ecreation ... E d u c a tio n _ 6 V o ca tio n _ _ 7 18 C o m m u n ity w elfare _ G ifts an d c o n trib u tio n s to per so n s o u tsid e th e eco n om ic 23 fa m ily _ ---------------------8 O ther ite m s. P ercen ta ge of to ta l a n n u a l cu rren t ex p e n d itu re for— A ll it e m s .. . _. - - - - - _ _ _ 100.0 35.8 F o o d _______ 10.4 C lo th in g _______ H o u s i n g _____ .._ _ . . - 15. 7 6.0 F u el, lig h t, an d refrig era tio n ____ O ther h o u se h o ld op eration ! 3 .3 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t.. 5.1 T ra n sp o rta tio n ______ __ 8 .6 P erso n al care___ _____ _ . . 1.9 M ed ica l care _ _ _ _ _ 3. 4 R ecreation _ _ _ __ 5 .7 E d u c a tio n __ __ _ _ _ _ -----.4 V o ca tio n _ _ __ .5 C o m m u n ity w elfare. _ _ 1.2 G ifts an d c o n trib u tio n s to p er sons o u tsid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily __ _ 1.5 .5 O ther ite m s, _ _ _ __ _ 36 2. 68 2. 47 2. 30 2.15 83 3. 30 2. 98 2. 76 2. 57 68 3. 33 3.07 2.88 2. 68 48 3.88 3. 58 3. 35 3.11 26 3.60 3.41 3.24 3.13 8 4. 56 4.31 4.03 3.91 10 5.20 4. 97 4. 66 4.85 $901 $1,065 $1, 360 $1, 656 $1, 894 $2,096 $2, 339 $3, 488 421 338 507 565 650 757 784 1,087 95 132 80 165 217 218 261 547 224 157 267 191 251 336 456 309 62 75 87 94 114 109 134 133 35 27 41 58 58 69 110 136 65 50 68 100 111 54 94 141 64 50 117 142 169 237 174 457 16 19 24 32 36 40 33 95 34 29 43 70 77 57 54 76 52 53 71 91 107 134 189 250 1 1 5 7 16 9 5 5 2 3 6 12 12 9 14 5 6 11 14 20 27 26 32 57 6 9 8 6 18 3 30 3 40 17 20 13 42 66 81 0 100.0 37.5 8 .9 17.4 6.9 3 .0 7.2 5.5 1.8 3. 2 5.9 .1 .2 .7 100.0 39. 5 8.9 17.9 7 .0 3 .3 4 .7 6.0 1.8 3. 2 4 .9 .1 .3 1.0 100.0 37.3 9 .7 16.5 6.4 3.0 5 .0 8 .6 1.8 3. 2 5 .2 .4 .4 1.0 100.0 34.2 10.0 16.1 5.7 3 .5 6 .0 8 .6 1.9 4. 2 5 .5 .4 .7 1.2 100.0 34.3 11. 5 13.2 5.8 3.1 5.9 8 .9 1.9 4. 1 5.6 .8 .5 1.4 100.0 36.2 10.4 16.0 5.4 3 .3 2 .6 11.3 1.9 2. 7 6.4 .4 .6 1.2 100.0 33.6 11.2 13.2 5.7 4 .7 6 .0 7 .4 1.4 2. 3 8 .1 _2 1.4 100.0 31.2 15.7 13. 1 3 .8 3 .9 2 .7 13.1 2 .7 2. 2 7 .2 .1 .4 1.6 .7 1.0 .8 .6 1.3 .2 1.8 .2 2. 1 .9 1.0 .6 1.8 2 .8 2 .3 0 N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. 73 3. 02 2.72 2. 53 2.31 .2 179 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 6 .— E x p e n d i t u r e s f o r g r o u p s o f i t e m s , b y in c o m e lev el — Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S A ll fam ilies Ite m E x p e n d itu r e s fo r $500 to $900 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 an d $1,500 over G r o u p s o f Ite m s F a m ilie s in su r v e y _____ __ _ A verage fa m ily size: P erso n s __ _ _ _ _ _ ___ __ ___ F o o d exp en d itu re u n its _____ A verage an n u al cu rren t exp en d itu re for— A ll item s _ ________ _ _ _____ _ _ F o o d _ _ _ _ ___ ______ C lo th in g .. _ _____ _____ __ H o u sin g _____ __ _____ ____ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration O ther h o u seh old op eration _ ___ ___ F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t __ _ _ T r a n s p o r ta tio n _____ ____ _________ __ P erso n al care _ _ ___ _____ M ed ica l care ______ _____ R ecreation _ ____ _ ________ E d u c a tio n _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ V ocation ________ __ C o m m u n ity w elfare _ __ _ _ _ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to p erson s ou tsid e th e eco n o m ic fa m ily __ _ O ther item s ____ ____ P ercen ta ge of to ta l an n u al current exp en d itu re for— A ll item s _ _ _ _______ _ _ ___ _ _ F o o d __ __ __ ______ __ ___ C lo th in g __ _ _ __ _______ ______ __ H o u sin g _ __ _ __ _ __ _____ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration _ _ _ _ __ __ O ther h o u seh old op eration _ F u rn ish in g s an d eq u ip m e n t _ ______ __ _ _ _ T ra n sp o rta tio n _ _______ P erso n al care ___ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ M ed ica l care __ _______ _______ ___ _ _ R ecreation _ ______ ____ ____ __ _ _ E d u c a tio n _ _____ __ V ocation _ _ _ _ _ C o m m u n ity w elfare _ __ _ _ _ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e econ om ic fa m ily _ _ _ _ _ O ther item s _ ____ 1 L ess th an $0.50. 2 L ess th a n 0.05 p ercen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. In co m e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com e of— 100 3. 37 3. 05 2. 85 2.63 34 3.00 2. 71 2. 54 2. 32 47 3.48 3.14 2. 95 2. 73 12 3. 55 3.30 3.08 2. 81 7 4.11 3. 62 3.3 7 3.20 $988 376 100 172 87 31 45 55 19 28 42 5 2 12 11 3 $736 316 64 135 71 17 26 25 15 14 32 0) 1 9 4 7 $1, 021 377 97 177 91 38 52 57 20 31 48 1 1 13 17 1 $1, 261 420 154 208 102 29 77 118 20 52 44 2 2 18 15 C1) $1, 534 589 196 256 108 58 35 75 25 41 48 66 11 13 13 0 100.0 38.1 10.1 17.4 8. 8 3.1 4. 6 5 .6 1. 9 2.8 4.3 .5 .2 1.2 1.1 .3 100.0 43 .0 8 .7 18.4 9. 7 2.3 3 .5 3 .4 2. 0 1.9 4 .3 (2) .1 1.2 .5 1.0 100.0 36.9 9.5 17.3 8. 9 3 .7 5.1 5 .6 2. 0 3 .0 4 .7 .1 .1 1.3 1.7 .1 100.0 33.3 12.2 16.4 8. 1 2.3 6.1 9.4 1. 6 4.1 3.5 .2 .2 1.4 1.2 (2) 100.0 38.4 12.8 16. 7 7. 1 3 .8 2. 3 4 .9 1. 6 2. 7 3.1 4. 3 .7 .8 .8 0 180 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 6 .— E x p e n d i t u r e s f o r g r o u p s o f i t e m s , b y i n c o m e level — Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L IE S In co m e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l n e t in co m e of— Item A ll fam i lies $500 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 to to to to to to to to an d $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 ov er E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I te m s 490 F a m ilies in su r v e y ______________ A verage fa m ily size: 3.46 P erso n s____ ________ __ E x p en d itu r e u n its _______ _____ 3.17 F o o d exp en d itu re u n its _______ 2.94 C lo th in g exp en d itu re u n it s - -. 2. 79 A vera g e a n n u a l cu rren t ex p en d itu re for— $1, 642 A ll ite m s ----------- ------------531 F o o d ________ _______ __ --_ C lo th in g _____ _ _______ _ 180 257 H o u sin g ________________ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigera 108tio n __________________ ____ 57 O th er h o u seh o ld o p e r a tio n ._ 79 F u rn ish in g s a n d eq u ip m en t. T r a n sp o r ta tio n _______ _ __ 168 30 P erso n al care_______________ 67 M e d ic a l care___________ _____ 88 R e cr e a tio n . _____ __ __ _ 10 E d u c a tio n _____________ 9 V o c a tio n ____ _______ __ 18 C o m m u n ity w e lfa r e .. . ___ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to p erson s o u tsid e th e eco 30 n o m ic fa m ily ______ __ _. 10 O ther ite m s ________ __ __ _ 18 3.0 8 2.83 2.59 2.3 9 78 3.01 2.72 2.48 2.44 116 3.47 3.15 2. 92 2.73 97 3.56 3. 30 3. 09 2.93 28 4.36 4. 05 3. 71 3.60 13 3. 30 3. 06 2.83 2.70 7 4. 72 4. 52 4. 30 4.44 9 4.21 4.02 3.78 4.01 $905 $1,143 $1,438 $1,628 $1,925 $2,194 $2, 654 $2,863 $3,199 317 413 594 488 528 671 715 826 998 82 112 176 151 218 282 239 436 410 157 197 235 266 302 297 404 320 298 88 86 100 117 112 139 118 152 139 24 40 48 53 71 71 125 91 94 41 37 65 79 92 125 207 131 204 53 82 129 243 154 246 304 363 453 14 21 29 26 37 38 36 54 68 40 55 57 74 66 81 123 115 124 31 59 75 90 99 138 139 160 175 1 2 8 10 14 19 23 28 7 4 4 10 20 7 8 37 13 13 8 12 14 19 21 22 25 41 59 5 42 20 1 P ercen ta ge o f to ta l a n n u a l cur ren t exp e n d itu re for— A ll ite m s _______ _______ __ . 100.0 100.0 100.0 36.2 F o o d __ . . . ___________ . . . 32.3 35.1 9 .8 C lo th in g _____________________ 11.0 9.1 H o u s in g ________ _____ ______ 15.7 17.3 17.3 F u e l, lig h t, an d refrigera 6.6 9 .5 7 .7 tio n _____ . . . _. _______ O ther h o u seh o ld o p e r a tio n .. 3 .5 2 .7 3 .5 F u rn ish in g s an d eq u ip 4 .8 4 .5 3 .2 m e n t. ___________________ . T r a n s p o r ta tio n ... _ _______ 10.2 5 .9 7 .2 1.8 1.5 1.8 P erso n al care________________ 4.1 4.4 4 .8 M e d ic a l care_________________ 5.4 3 .4 5 .2 R e cr e a tio n __________________ .6 .1 .2 E d u c a tio n ___________________ .5 .3 V o c a tio n ______ ______________ .4 1.1 .9 1 .0 C o m m u n ity w elfa re________ G ifts a n d con trib u tio n s to p erson s o u tsid e th e eco 1.8 .6 1.7 n o m ic fa m ily ______________ .1 .6 4 .6 O ther ite m s__________________ 1 L ess th an 0.05 p ercen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. 124 3.41 3.11 2.86 2.67 20 15 27 3 39 2 41 4 68 91 58 75 156 1 100.0 33.9 10.5 16.3 7 .0 3.3 4 .5 9 .0 1.8 4 .0 5 .2 .6 .5 1 .0 100.0 32.4 10.8 16.3 6.9 3 .3 4 .9 9 .4 1.8 4 .5 5.5 .6 .5 1.2 100.0 30.9 11.3 15.7 6.1 3 .7 4 .8 12.7 1.9 3 .4 5.1 .7 .5 1.1 100.0 30.6 12.9 13.5 6.3 3 .2 5 .7 11.2 1.7 3 .7 6 .3 .9 .9 1.0 100.0 27.0 9 .0 15.2 4 .4 4 .7 7 .8 11.5 1.4 4 .6 5 .2 .9 1 .4 .9 100.0 28.8 15.2 11.2 5 .3 3 .2 4 .6 12.7 1.9 4 .0 5 .6 1.0 .5 1.4 100.0 31.2 12.9 9 .3 4 .3 2 .9 6 .4 14.2 2.1 3.9 5.5 .2 .4 1.8 1.4 1 .0 1.7 .2 2 .0 .1 1.9 .2 2 .6 3 .4 2 .0 2 .6 4 .9 0) TABULAR SUMMARY T able 6 .— 181 E x p e n d i t u r e s f o r g r o u p s o f i t e m s , b y in c o m e level — Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S In co m e le v e l-—F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l n e t in co m e of— Ite m E x p e n d itu r e s fo r fam i lies $500 to $900 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 to $1,800 $1,800 to $2,100 $2,100 to $2,400 72 3.03 2. 83 2.64 2.32 64 3.45 3.19 2. 99 2.70 41 3. 26 3 .0 8 2.93 2.59 35 3.80 3. 55 3.39 2.96 13 4.35 3. 73 3.59 3.32 9 3. 53 3.88 3. 72 3. 73 $829 $1,086 $1,315 $1, 608 $1, 705 $2,115 299 349 413 449 529 653 89 63 138 163 195 238 158 203 219 248 268 271 85 96 107 125 120 140 27 38 50 83 75 76 27 65 74 60 72 116 63 82 116 190 163 313 24 18 32 38 29 45 24 47 54 87 48 38 42 63 74 98 91 107 1 2 9 8 19 27 5 3 3 8 10 8 3 6 15 28 21 13 $2,291 657 343 323 128 130 95 286 57 47 116 8 13 18 $2,400 an d over G r o u p s o f Ite m s 266 F a m ilie s in su r v e y , _ ___________ _ _ A verage fa m ily size: 3.33 P e r s o n s ... . . . _ . . . . . . ______ 3.10 E x p en d itu r e u n its . ________________ F o o d exp en d itu re u n its . . . . ____ 2. 92 C lo th in g ex p en d itu re u n its . __ _ 2. 62 A verage a n n u al current ex p en d itu re for— A ll ite m s --------------------------------- $1, 362 423 F o o d ___ ________________________ 139 C lo th in g _______ ________________ 224 H o u sin g ______ _______________ _ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration ____ 108 O ther h o u seh o ld o p e r a t i o n ____ 56 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t___ 65 T ra n sp o r ta tio n _____ 133 P erso n al care . _____ . . . _. _ 30 52 M e d ic a l c a r e ______. __ . . . __ R ecrea tio n _____ _ ______ ______ 76 E d u c a tio n ______ ______ _____ __ _ 8 5 V o c a tio n ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ 13 C o m m u n ity w e lfa re. _ _ G ifts an d con trib u tio n s to per son s o u tsid e th e econ om ic 24 fa m ily ____________ __ _ ______ 6 O ther ite m s____ ________ __ P ercen ta ge of to ta l an n u al current exp en d itu re for— A ll item s ___________ _ -------------- 100.0 F o o d __ __ ___ __ _________ __ 31.0 10.2 C lo th in g __________________________ 16.4 H o u sin g __________________________ F u e l, lig h t, an d refrigeration ____ 7 .9 4.1 O ther h o u seh old o p era tio n . ... _ 4 .8 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t___ T ra n sp o r ta tio n _________ _ _ 9 .8 2 .2 P erso n al care_____ __ ___ _ ___ 3 .8 M ed ica l c a r e ._ _ _ _____________ R ecrea tio n _______ __ . . . _ _ 5 .6 E d u c a tio n . __ _ ________________ .6 .4 V o c a t i o n ..._______ __ _ ___ __ _ 1.0 C o m m u n ity w e lfa r e . __ _______ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to per so n s o u tsid e th e eco n om ic 1.8 fa m ily ______ O th er item s ___ ____________ __ 4 N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 380. 32 2. 76 2.58 2. 44 2.22 9 5 17 2 16 12 25 5 42 7 62 0 70 0 100.0 36.0 7.6 19.0 10.3 3 .2 3.3 7 .6 2 .2 2 .9 5.1 .1 .6 .4 100.0 32.1 8 .2 18.6 8 .8 3 .5 6.0 7 .6 2 .2 4 .3 5 .8 .2 .3 .6 100.0 31.5 10.5 16.7 8 .1 3 .8 4 .6 8 .8 2 .2 4 .1 5 .6 .7 .2 1.1 100.0 27.9 10.1 15.4 7.8 5 .2 4 .6 11.8 2 .0 5 .4 6.1 .5 .5 .8 100.0 31.1 11.4 15.7 7.1 4 .4 4 .2 9 .6 2 .2 2 .8 5 .3 1.1 .6 1.6 100.0 30.9 11.2 12.8 6.6 3 .6 5.5 14.8 2 .1 1.8 5.1 1.3 .4 1.0 100.0 28.6 14.9 14.1 5 .6 5 .6 4 .2 12.4 2 .5 2.1 5.1 .4 .6 .8 1.1 .6 1 .6 .2 1.2 .9 1.6 .3 2 .5 .4 2 .9 0 3 .1 0 182 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 6.— Expenditures for groups of item s , by income level— Continued D E T R O I T , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S Income level— Families with annual net income of— Item All fami lies $500 to $900 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 to $1,800 $1,800 to $2,100 $2,100 to $2,400 $2,400 to $2,700 $2,700 and over Expendituresfor Groups ofItems __ _ .. Families in survey_____ Average family size: Persons___ __ ___ - - - Expenditure units _______ Food expenditure units _ _ Clothing expenditure units______ 598 32 96 158 137 100 41 22 12 3. 66 3. 37 3.18 2.86 3.29 3.02 2.86 2.55 3.48 3.13 2. 92 2.57 3. 72 3. 38 3.15 2. 82 3. 65 3. 37 3.16 2. 78 3. 58 3. 33 3.13 2.92 4. 07 3. 83 3.67 3.44 3. 71 3.51 3.39 3.14 4. 46 4. 34 4.14 4. 38 622 $1,921 $2,152 $2, 227 527 570 664 709 187 243 293 302 252 283 244 295 112 127 137 142 53 80 66 67 69 83 82 71 174 229 325 220 32 40 41 47 64 90 62 124 93 140 123 124 8 15 16 14 4 1 4 6 15 17 32 20 $2,899 800 466 291 132 78 124 506 56 84 204 16 16 40 Average annual current expenditure for— $1, 588 All items-------- __ - -514 Food_._ _ _ _. . _ ---------Clothing. . — --------------'186 242 Housing ------------ -------------Fuel, light, and refrigeration___ 114 Other household operation.. _ _ 50 Furnishings and equipment _ 63 Transportation_________ 170 32 ___ _ Personal care _ 66 Medical care __ . _ Recreation ______ 94 Education _ _ _ .. . _ 9 Vocation___ __ . 3 15 Comm unity welfare. Gifts and contributions to per sons outside the economic 26 family __ _ _ ___ _ 4 Other items. ______ Percentage of total annual current expenditure for— All items. _ _ - - - - - - - 100.0 Food _ _ _. -. 32. 4 C lo th in g ________________________ 11.7 Housing _ _ ----------------------15.2 Fuel, light, and refrigeration___ 7.2 Other household operation . _ 3.1 Furnishings and equipment____ 4.0 Transportation. ._ 10.7 2.0 Personal care _ . . _ _ _ _ _ Medical care _ __ . 4.2 Recreation _ __ _. 5.9 Education __ _ .6 Vocation .2 Comm unity welfare .9 Gifts and contributions to per sons outside the economic 1.6 family . _ __ _ .3 Other items. __ _ 1 $973 $1,159 $1,398 $1, 471 413 368 93 151 109 167 210 228 112 93 96 40 30 33 61 • 33 38 65 123 99 28 19 23 44 62 45 81 34 65 8 , 3 3 1 1 2 11 13 8 8 4 12 3 17 2 28 4 32 10 43 4 62 1 80 6 100.0 37.8 9.6 17.1 9.6 3.1 3.4 6.7 2.0 4.5 3.5 .3 .1 1.1 100.0 35.6 9.4 18.1 8.3 2.8 3.3 8.5 2.0 3.9 5.6 .3 .2 .7 100.0 33. 7 10.8 16.3 8.0 2.9 4.4 8.8 2.0 4.4 5.8 .6 .1 .9 100.0 32.5 11.6 15.6 6.9 3.3 4.3 10.7 2.0 3.9 5.7 .5 .2 .9 100.0 29.7 12.6 14.8 6.6 3.4 3.7 11.9 2.1 4.7 6.4 .8 .2 .9 100.0 30.9 13.6 11.3 6.4 3.7 3.9 15.1 1.9 2.9 6.5 .7 0) .9 100.0 31.8 13.6 13.2 6.4 9.9 2.1 5.6 5.6 .6 .3 1.4 100.0 27.5 16.1 10.0 4.6 2.7 4.3 17.4 1.9 2.9 7.0 .6 .6 1.4 .8 .4 1.0 .3 1.2 .1 1.7 .2 1.7 .5 2.0 .2 2.8 o 2.8 .2 Less than 0.05 percent. Notes on this table are in appendix A , p. 380. 3.0 3.7 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 183 6. — Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued G R A N D R A P I D S , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S In co m e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith a n n u a l n e t in com e of— Item E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fa m ilies N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. .40--------18 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 to $1,800 $1,800 to $2,100 36 2.97 2. 74 2.59 2. 31 62 3. 55 3. 22 2. 98 2.70 46 3.96 3.6 0 3. 40 3.01 28 3. 24 3.04 2.86 2.66 17 3.69 3.3 9 3. 22 2.93 5 4.19 4.0 2 3.84 3.9 6 $896 $1,135 $1, 362 $1, 566 $1,822 316 355 456 428 495 82 122 165 188 223 113 152 152 226 229 95 111 139 144 138 33 43 50 74 80 54 55 39 89 71 64 134 128 175 269 18 23 30 31 38 29 64 40 55 76 47 57 65 75 91 3 9 9 11 3 1 1 4 3 9 15 29 18 29 22 6 10 25 39 60 20 5 2 7 15 $2,258 578 332 213 135 70 78 386 46 87 157 18 9 64 55 30 $2,100 an d o v er G r o u p s o f Ite m s 194 F a m ilie s in su r v e y --------- .._ . . . ----------. . . A verage fa m ily size: 3.52 P erson s ------------------------------------------- ------3.23 E x p en d itu re u n its. _________ _________. . 3. 03 F o o d exp en d itu re u n its----- --------- ---------2.75 C lo th in g ex p en d itu re u n its ____—. __ __ A verage an n u al current exp en d itu re for— A ll ite m s______________________________________ $1, 296 400 F o o d ________________________________________ C lo th in g . ------- ------------------------------- . . 149 164 H o u sin g _____________________________________ 122 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration _____ __ . . . O ther h o u seh old op eration _ _____ 51 57 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t________ _____ T r a n s p o r ta tio n .---------------- . . . -----144 27 P erso n al care________________ ____________ 51 M ed ica l care ----------------------- ---------------65 R e c r e a t io n ------------------ ------------------E d u c a tio n ______________________________ 8 3 V o c a tio n . ______________________________ 23 C o m m u n ity w elfare. . . _______ . . . _ G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to p ersons o u t 23 sid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily _ __________ 9 O ther ite m s . . . _____. . . ___________ ______ P ercen ta ge of to ta l a n n u al current ex p en d i tu re for— 100.0 A ll i t e m s . ________________________________ __ F o o d . --------------------------------------------------------- 30.9 11. 5 C lo th in g -------------------------------------------------H o u sin g _. ------- --------- ------------12.7 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration . _ ------------9 .4 O ther h o u seh old op eration _ _______ __ 3 .9 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t________ 4 .4 T ra n sp orta tio n ------ ------------------- --11.1 2.1 P erso n al care. ----------------------------------------3 .9 M ed ica l care ____ _ ______ ___ _______ 5 .0 R ecreation . . _. ._ . . ------------ _ E d u c a tio n . ______ . . _ _ _ .6 .2 V o c a t i o n ._____________ ______ ________ C o m m u n ity w elfare_____. . . ________ __ . 1.8 G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to persons o u t sid e th e econ om ic fa m ily . .. 1.8 .7 O ther item s . _ _ _ _ _ . .. 53485 $500 to $900 100.0 35.4 9 .2 12.6 10.6 3 .7 6 .0 7.1 2 .0 3 .2 5 .2 .3 .1 1.7 .7 2. 2 100.0 31.3 10.8 13.4 9 .8 3 .8 4 .8 11.8 2 .0 3 .5 5 .0 .8 .1 1.6 .9 .4 100.0 33.4 12.1 11.2 10.2 3 .7 2 .9 9 .4 2 .2 4 .7 4 .8 .7 .3 2.1 1.8 .5 100.0 27.5 12.0 14.4 8 .8 4 .7 4 .5 11.2 2 .0 4 .8 4 .8 .7 .2 1.8 2 .5 .1 100.0 27.1 12.2 12.6 7 .9 4 .4 4 .9 14.8 2 .1 3 .0 5 .0 .2 .5 1.2 3 .3 .8 100.0 25.8 14.7 9 .4 6 .0 3.1 3 .4 17.1 2 .0 3 .8 7 .0 .8 .4 2 .8 2 .4 1. 3 184 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 6. — Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S I N D .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S In co m e le v e l— F a m ilies w ith a n n u al n et in com e of— Ite m E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fa m ilies $500 to $900 to $900 $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 to $1,800 $1,800 to $2,100 G r o u p s o f Ite m s 203 19 32 F a m ilies in su r v e y ___ _ _ _ _ _______ __ 49 43 29 A verage fa m ily size: 3. 42 2. 53 3.28 3. 57 3.49 P er so n s_____________ _________________________ 3. 72 E x p en d itu r e u n its. _ _ . . . _ ______ _ _ 3.16 2. 33 3.09 3.20 3. 20 3. 47 F o o d exp en d itu re u n it s .____________ _ . . . 2.20 2.96 2.96 2.90 3.29 2.93 C lo th in g ex p en d itu re u n it s .. ______ . _ 2.78 1.98 2.66 3.02 2.80 2.80 A verage a n n u a l current exp en d itu re for— $798 $1,050 $1, 370 $1, 647 $1,860 A ll ite m s ______ _________________ __________ $1,488 274 F o o d ... . . . ._ ____________ __ _. . . . _ 457 364 439 501 561 62 C lo th in g . . . . . . . ____ ______ __ _ 163 100 135 189 230 193 142 H o u sin g - ___________ ___________ ______ __ 165 204 176 202 121 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration___ _ ____ 93 102 115 131 143 O ther h o u seh old o p era tio n . _ _ _ _ _ _ 56 38 39 47 56 74 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t____________ 88 , 65 64 86 130 57 T ra n sp o rta tio n ----------------------------------- _ . 178 41 62 249 219 170 31 13 23 34 P erso n al c a r e ______________________ 26 40 49 42 31 37 54 M e d ic a l care _ ____________________ . 63 30 54 R e cr e a tio n - _________________ ____ 81 91 65 105 1 2 E d u c a tio n _______ _ ____ ______ . . . 11 4 16 21 3 5 4 V o c a tio n . __ _ . . . _ _ _. 4 4 9 24 8 C o m m u n ity w elfa r e _ _ ._ _ ... _ 16 29 19 32 G ifts an d con trib u tio n s to persons o u t 4 sid e th e eco n om ic f a m ily _________ _ _ 26 15 38 18 30 1 2 O ther item s _ _ ____________________ ._ 5 6 1 5 P ercen ta ge of to ta l an n u al current ex p en d i ture for— 100.0 100.0 A ll ite m s _________ . . . _ _ _____ __ _ _. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 F o o d . __________ _._ ._ . . ______________ 34.3 30.8 34.7 32.1 30.4 30.1 C lo th in g . . . . . . . . . . ______ 11.0 7 .8 9 .5 9 .9 11.5 12.3 H o u sin g ____ . . . _______ __ . . _ _. 17.8 13.0 15.8 14.9 10.7 10.9 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration____ _ _ _ 8 .4 8 .1 11.7 9 .7 7 .9 7 .7 O ther h o u seh o ld op eration __ __ 3 .8 4.8 3 .7 3 .4 3 .4 4 .0 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t _____________ 5 .9 6 .2 7.1 5 .2 4 .7 7 .0 T ran sp orta tio n _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12.0 5.1 5.9 12.4 15.1 11.8 P erson al c a r e .. ______ . . . ._ ________ 2.1 1.6 2 .2 1.9 2.1 2 .2 M ed ica l care ._ . . . _______ __ _ 3.3 3 .9 3.5 3.9 3 .4 2 .6 R ecreation . _ _ . . . . ______________ 5.4 3 .8 5.1 4 .7 5.5 5 .6 E d u c a tio n .. . . . _______ _ ____ ._ . . . .1 .7 .2 .3 1.0 1.1 V ocation _ _ _ _ _ _ _______ __________ .3 .4 .4 .2 .3 .5 C o m m u n ity w e l f a r e .___________ _____ __ 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.8 1.7 G ifts an d c o n trib u tio n s to p erson s o u t sid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily ___ __ _____ 1.7 1.4 .5 1.3 2.3 1.6 O ther ite m s. __ . . . __ _____________ __ .3 .1 .2 .4 .3 .1 N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. $2,100 an d ov er 31 3.53 3.35 3.19 3.19 $2, 259 598 272 264 140 93 137 344 48 68 148 27 9 43 53 15 100.0 26.5 12.0 11.7 6 .2 4.1 6.1 15.2 2 .1 3 .0 6 .6 1 .2 .4 1.9 2 .3 .7 TABULAR SUMMARY T a ble 185 6.— Expenditures for groups of item s , by income level— Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— N E G R O F A M I L IE S Item E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fam ilies $500 to $600 $600 to $900 $900 to $1,200 $1,200 to $1,500 $1,500 an d ov er G r o u p s o f Ite m s F a m ilie s in s u r v e y ._________________________ A verage fa m ily size: P e r s o n s .. _____________ ._ _ _ ____ E x p en d itu re u n its_______________________ F ood ex p en d itu re u n its _______________ C lo th in g exp en d itu re u n its __________ __ A verage an n u al cu rren t exp en d itu re for— A ll i t e m s ____ _. _____________________ F o o d _____________________________________ C lo th in g .. _____ __ _ _ H o u sin g ________________ ______________ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration . _____ O ther h o u seh o ld op eration _ F u rn ish in g s and e q u ip m e n t______. . . T ra n sp orta tio n . _________ _________ P erson al care___ . . . __ ____________ M e d ic a l c a r e . _________________________ R ecrea tio n _____. . . . . . _____ __ E d u c a tio n _ _____________ ________ V o c a tio n ____________________________ __ C o m m u n ity w elfare_______ _______ _ G ifts an d con trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e eco n o m ic fa m ily . . . . . . O ther item s ________ ___________ . . . P ercen ta ge of to ta l an n u al current ex p en d itu re for— A ll ite m s_____. . . _ _ _____ _______ _ F o o d _______________ . . . _______ __ _ C lo th in g _________ ______ __ __ . . . . . . H o u sin g ____________ _____ ________ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration .. ______ O ther h o u seh o ld o p er a tio n . . . ____ _ F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t _________ T ra n sp o rta tio n ___________________ _. P erson al care_______________ _. . . . ._ M ed ica l care. .............. ............... .... R ecrea tio n ______________________________ E d u c a tio n ______ ______ _____ __ V o ca tio n ______________ . . . . . . . . . C o m m u n ity w elfare. ______ _____ _____ G ifts an d con trib u tio n s to persons o u tsid e th e eco n om ic f a m ily _______ O ther ite m s______ ______ __ _______ __ 101 3. 63 3. 26 3. 00 2.80 9 3. 29 2.86 2. 57 2. 40 31 3. 07 2. 73 2. 48 2. 45 $941 342 94 134 106 29 46 57 21 33 44 3 1 20 11 0) $541 229 32 101 69 16 18 14 12 10 28 1 0 8 3 0 $743 291 66 119 84 23 24 43 17 21 35 1 1 13 4 1 100.0 36 3 10.0 14.2 11.3 3.1 4 .9 6.1 2.2 3.5 4.7 .3 .1 2.1 1.2 (2) 100.0 42.3 5.9 18.7 12.8 3 .0 3.3 2.6 2 .2 1.8 5.2 .2 0 1.5 .5 0 100.0 39.2 8.9 16.1 11.4 3.1 3 .2 5.8 2.3 2.8 4 .7 .1 .1 1.7 .5 1 1 L ess th a n $0.50. 2 L ess th a n 0.05 p ercen t. N o tes on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. In co m e le v e l— F am ilies w ith a n n u al n et in com e of— 42 3. 58 3. 24 3.03 2. 67 12 4.42 3. 97 3. 66 3.52 7 5. 51 4.98 4.6 3 4.48 $974 $1, 255 346 . 407 91 160 138 148 138 110 27 46 44 94 70 71 19 29 44 39 41 61 3 7 1 1 23 37 17 17 0 Q) $1, 588 572 205 199 163 61 107 67 50 37 97 5 3 17 5 0 100.0 35.5 9.3 14.2 11.3 2.8 4.5 7.2 2.0 4.5 4 .2 .3 .1 2.4 1.7 (2) 100.0 32.4 12.7 11.7 11.0 3 .7 7 .5 5.7 2.3 3.1 4 .9 .6 .1 2.9 1.4 0 100.0 36.1 12.9 12.6 10.3 3 .8 6 .7 4 .2 3 .1 2 .3 6.1 .3 .2 1.1 .3 0 186 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued L A N S I N G , M IC H .— W H I T E F A M I L IE S In com e le v e l— F am ilies w ith a n n u a l n e t in co m e of— Item E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fam ilies $1,500 to $1,800 $1,800 to $2,100 37 3.89 3. 56 3. 34 2.88 32 3. 25 3.01 2.85 2.57 22 2. 79 2.60 2. 44 2. 32 6 3.99 3. 77 3. 49 3. 55 $796 $1,067 $1, 348 263 361 403 76 111 157 162 184 190 59 113 129 34 41 60 34 36 86 55 64 140 19 22 30 41 38 50 37 53 52 4 2 10 1 2 1 5 12 15 9 13 22 0 13 2 $1,446 428 164 217 139 63 59 159 30 66 58 6 2 15 32 8 $1, 795 464 250 238 135 91 107 203 41 84 88 11 2 12 58 11 $2, 410 577 379 322 191 109 133 330 51 37 187 20 1 13 36 24 100.0 29.6 11.3 15.0 9 .6 4.4 4.1 11.0 2.1 4 .6 4 .0 .4 .1 1.0 2. 2 .6 100.0 25.8 13.9 13.3 7.5 5.1 6 .0 11.3 2.3 4 .7 4 .9 .6 .1 .7 3. 2 .6 100.0 24.0 15.8 13.4 7 .9 4 .5 5 .5 13.7 2.1 1.5 7 .8 .8 0) .5 1. 5 1.0 $2,100 an d ov er G r o u p s o f Ite m s 145 F a m ilies in s u r v e y ---------- ------ . ____________ A verage fa m ily size: 3.37 P e r s o n s -------------------------------------------------------3.10 E x p en d itu re u n its--------------------- ---------------2.90 F o o d exp en d itu re u n its—_ _ -------------------------C lo th in g ex p en d itu re u n its ------ ---------------2.63 A verage a n n u a l current ex p en d itu re for— A ll it e m s .__ . . . _ _ . . . ------- --------- --- . $1, 364 F o o d ________ __ _______ . --------401 C lo th in g ____ _____________________________ 163 H o u sin g -------------------------------------------------- . 205 F u e l, lig h t, an d refrigeration____ _______ 124 O th er h o u seh old o p eration ______ ______ 61 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t_____ _____ 69 T r a n sp o r ta tio n ___________________ __ ____ 136 P erso n al care. ______________________ . . . 30 M e d ic a l care____ ________________ ______ 55 R ecrea tio n ______ . . . ______ __ _ ______ 63 E d u c a tio n ___ _______ __ . . . _________ __ 7 V o c a tio n ______________ ___________________ 2 C o m m u n ity w elfa re____________________ . 13 G ifts an d con trib u tio n s to persons o u t sid e th e eco n om ic fa m ily .. _______ _ 27 O ther ite m s ____. . . . __ _________ __ 8 P ercen ta ge of to ta l an n u al current e x p en d i tu re for— A ll ite m s ________ ___________ ____________ 100.0 29.3 F o o d ______ ___________ __________. . . . . 12.0 C lo th in g _______ ___________ _ _____________ H o u sin g ______ ____________________________ 15.0 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration __ . . _ 9.1 O ther h o u seh o ld o p er a tio n .__ . . . ______ 4.5 F u rn ish in g s an d eq u ip m e n t . . . ____ 5.1 T r a n sp o r ta tio n . _ _______ _ . . . ____ 10.0 2.2 P erso n al care. _. . . . ____ . . . __ M e d ic a l care________________ ______ . . . 4 .0 R ecreation ^___________________________ _ _ 4 .6 E d u c a tio n ___ ________________ .5 V o c a tio n .__ _______ _______ _____ . . . .1 1.0 C o m m u n ity w elfare _______ . _ . . . G ifts an d c o n trib u tio n s to persons o u t sid e th e eco n o m ic fam ily _ _ _ _ _ 2. 0 .6 O ther i t e m s . . ______ ___________ _ _____ 1 L ess th a n 0.05 p ercen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. $1,200 to $1,500 $600 to $900 to $900 $1,200 14 2.49 2.32 2.13 2.08 100.0 33.0 9 .6 20.4 7 .4 4 .3 4 .3 6 .9 2 .4 4 .8 4 .6 .5 .1 .6 1.1 0) 34 3. 55 3. 20 2. 96 2.66 100.0 33.9 10.4 17.2 10.6 3 .8 3 .4 6.0 2.1 3.8 5 .0 .2 .1 1.1 1. 2 1.2 100.0 29.9 11.6 14.1 9 .6 4 .4 6 .4 10.4 2 .2 3 .7 3 .9 .7 .2 1.1 1. 6 .2 187 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 6. — Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued M I L W A U K E E , W IS .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S Item E x p e n d itu r e s fo r A ll fam i lies In co m e le v e l— F a m ilie s w ith an n u al n et in com e of— $600 to $900 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 to to to to to to an d $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over G r o u p s o f Ite m s F a m ilie s in su r v e y ______ ___________ 446 A verage fa m ily size: P er so n s__________________ ____ . . 3. 54 E x p en d itu r e u n its __ __________ 3. 24 F o o d ex p e n d itu r e u n its , __ _ ___ 3. 01 C lo th in g ex p en d itu re u n its _____ 2. 78 A verage a n n u a l cu rren t exp en d itu re for— A ll ite m s. ------------ ------------------------- $1, 564 510 F ood _______ . . _______ __ C lo th in g . . . . ____ _ _ ____ 167 275 H o u sin g . ._ __ _______ __ F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration ____ 124 O ther h o u seh old o p er a tio n ____ 48 72 F u rn ish in g s an d e q u ip m e n t _ _ T ra n sp orta tio n . . . . ____ _ 140 P erso n al care _________________ 28 M ed ica l care_______ . . . 64 R e c r e a tio n .__ . . . __ __ __ _ 76 E d u c a tio n . _____. . . . ______ 7 V o c a t io n _________________ ____ 8 C o m m u n ity w elfare . . . ______ 18 G ifts a n d co n trib u tio n s to per so n s o u tsid e th e con o m ic fam 20 ily — O th er ite m s _______ __ _______ 7 P ercen ta ge of to ta l a n n u a l cu rren t exp en d itu re for— A ll i t e m s ____________________ . . . 100.0 F ood ______ . ________ . _ 32.6 C lo th in g _____ ______________ 10.7 H o u sin g _________ 17.5 7 .9 F u el, lig h t, an d refrigeration___ O ther h o u seh o ld o p er a tio n . _ 3.1 F u rn ish in g s an d eq u ip m e n t _ _ . 4 .6 T ra n sp o rta tio n ________________ 9 .0 P erso n al care ______ _ 1.8 M ed ica l care______ ______________ 4.1 4 .9 R e cr e a tio n _________ _ ________ .4 E d u c a tio n _____ _ __ _ .5 V o ca tio n . . . _ _ . . . _______ __ C o m m u n ity w elfare ____________ 1.2 G ifts an d co n trib u tio n s to per son s o u tsid e th e eco n om ic fam 1.3 il y — .4 O ther item s . . . . . . ______ 79 114 125 75 3.33 3.01 2.78 2.47 3.3 9 3.08 2.86 2.60 3. 55 3.25 3. 00 2.80 3.8 6 3. 53 3. 30 3.07 22 4. 57 4.28 4. 07 3.91 9 4.44 4.20 3.99 3.92 8 2.84 2.75 2. 66 2.65 $895 $1,081 $1, 390 $1, 659 $1,886 $2,161 $2, 537 $2,716 319 692 649 400 478 534 573 724 362 59 94 137 219 346 179 277 236 312 388 294 213 263 268 379 127 117 74 133 141 128 143 D03 61 19 42 92 94 104 28 46 27 51 97 40 76 116 100 122 67 241 135 225 254 508 68 93 32 13 46 41 20 25 40 30 85 67 24 204 61 38 68 58 32 87 86 126 94 191 50 66 2 5 7 22 1 3 11 8 15 7 6 7 9 7 10 8 15 26 24 42 28 9 8 18 7 1 9 1 19 4 19 5 32 6 25 17 29 44 53 105 100.0 35.6 6 .6 26.4 8 .3 2.1 3 .0 7 .6 1.4 2 .7 3 .6 .1 .8 .9 100.0 37.0 8 .7 19.7 9 .5 2 .6 3 .7 6 .2 1.9 3 .5 4 .6 .3 .6 .8 100.0 34.3 9 .9 18.9 9.1 3.0 3.7 6 .7 1.8 4 .2 4 .7 .4 .5 1.1 100.0 32.2 10.8 17.8 7 .7 2.8 6 .0 8 .1 1.8 4.1 5 .2 .5 .5 1.1 100.0 30.4 11.6 16.5 7.1 3 .2 4 .0 11.9 1 .7 4 .5 4 .6 .6 .5 1.4 100.0 33.5 12.8 12.4 6 .6 4 .3 5 .6 11.8 1.8 3.1 4 .4 .3 .3 1.1 100.0 27.3 13.6 14.9 5 .6 3 .7 4 .6 9 .5 1.8 8 .0 5.0 .9 .6 1 .7 100.0 23.9 13.3 14.3 4 .3 3 .8 3 .6 18.7 1.5 2 .2 7 .0 .1 .4 1 .0 .8 .! .8 .1 1.4 .3 1.1 .3 1.7 .3 1.2 .8 1.1 1.7 2 .0 3 .9 N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. 14 2. 43 2.25 2.09 1.95 188 T EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, hy economic level C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H IT E F A M I L I E S A ll fam i lies Item N u m b e r of fam ilies su r v e y ed in sp rin g q u arter___________ A vera g e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e p e r so n s1 per fam ily in 1 w e ek ____________ ______ ____________________________ A verage n u m b er of food ex p en d itu re u n its 2 per fa m ily in 1 w e ek ____________________________________________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek F ood fo r U n d er $400 $400 to $600 85 4. 38 3. 62 282 3.2 8 2. 80 A v erage q u a n tity p u r ch ased per p e r so n 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g d i A ll per exu npitenper A ll fam i tu re year fam i lies lies U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 over Ite m E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year $600 and over 114 2.99 2. 58 83 2.56 2.26 A v erage exp en d itu re per person 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i lies U n $400 $600 to and der $400 $600 over E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 over U sed at H o m e and P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 W eek T o t a l _______ __ ________________ __ G rain p ro d u cts, to ta l______ _ _____ B rea d , oth er b ak ed goods; to ta l.._ B read: W h ite . . _ ___________ G rah am , w h o le w h e a t. R y e __________________ C rackers . . . ______ ... _ ________ _ P la in ro lls____ S w e et rolls_________ ________ C o o k ies____ . . . _____ C a k es . _ __ ______ P ie s ______ ______ __ _ _ O th er. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . R e a d y -to -ea t cereals ______ __ F lo u r an d o th er cereals, to ta l____ F lour: W h ite ___________________ G rah am _ ... O ther ____ . . . . C orn m e a l._________.._ __ _. H o m i n y ____ _______ _ . . . C orn starch _ ___. . . _ R ic e . _______ ______________ __ R o lle d o a t s _____ __ . . . _ W h e a t cereal _ _ _ _ _ _ _ T a p io c a ___ ___________ __ __ S a go------------------------------------------M a ca ro n i, sp a g h e tti, n o o d le s. _ O th er gra in p r o d u c ts___ _ _ E g g s-------------------------------------------------M ilk , ch eese, ice crea m , to ta l _ _ M ilk : F resh , w h o le— b o ttle d ____ loose _ _ sk im m e d . __ _ _ b u tte r m ilk a n d o th e r . . . . _____ S k im m e d , d r ie d .__ ______ E v a p o ra ted an d co n d sd . _ C heese: A m erican __ . .. C o tta g e________ _____ O th er. ______ _ ______ Ic e c r e a m . . . __ __ __ _ _. N o . N o. N o. N o . L b. 451 3.295 2. 055 . 105 .368 .168 .065 .263 .0 7 4 . 108 .0 4 5 .04 4 .12 5 2.031 1.415 0 . 044 .078 .016 .012 .071 .12 2 .04 2 .021 0 .210 0 .874 5. 094 4. 274 .093 .003 .045 .002 .418 . I ll .075 .030 .043 5. 256 33 101 133 34 82 51 58 22 124 176 1 13 27 9 14 57 86 36 22 0 142 0 272 257 5 2 11 2 139 109 56 46 30 79 8 27 40 7 26 15 13 4 46 59 0 5 14 5 4 18 37 7 6 0 41 0 84 70 5 1 3 0 48 27 13 9 11 108 14 39 51 16 35 12 26 8 38 72 1 2 10 2 6 25 32 13 6 0 63 0 111 107 0 1 6 1 58 42 27 17 8 69 11 35 42 11 26 24 19 10 40 45 0 6 3 2 4 14 17 16 10 0 38 0 77 80 0 0 2 1 33 40 16 20 11 L b. 4.879 2.888 2.004 .053 .281 . 129 .050 . 159 .055 . 103 .0 3 0 . 024 .109 1. 882 1.232 0 .081 . 096 .023 .007 .058 .134 .034 .019 0 .198 0 .78 2 4. 290 3. 414 .231 .006 .042 0 .422 .076 .052 .019 .028 L b. 5. 563 3. 311 1. 957 .126 .377 .171 .081 .359 .04 5 .1 0 3 .045 . 047 .10 7 2.145 1. 551 0 .007 . 088 .004 . 015 .08 2 . 127 . 039 .016 0 .216 0 .874 5.171 4. 402 0 .003 .064 .004 .436 . 104 .090 .0 2 0 .048 L b. 6. 279 3. 982 2. 300 . 162 .504 .231 .066 .290 . 153 . 126 .07 4 .07 6 . 183 2.114 1.518 0 . 040 .033 .021 . 019 .075 .095 .060 .031 0 .222 0 1.036 6. 377 5. 570 0 0 .020 .004 .382 . 186 .092 .064 .059 C t. C t. C t. C t. 296.8 220. 5 314. 5 403. 8 44. 6 37.8 46. 0 55. 3 30.7 25.1 31. 7 39.1 15.7 14.9 15.5 17.3 1.0 .5 1.3 1.6 3 .2 2.4 3 .2 4 .6 2.1 1.5 2.1 3.1 1.0 .8 1.2 .9 2.9 1.7 4 .0 3 .4 1.2 .9 .7 2 .7 2 .1 1 .6 2.1 2 .9 .6 .3 .6 1.1 .9 . 5 1. 0 1;. 5 2 .1 1.9 1.8 3.1 11. 8 10.8 12.5 13.1 6 .2 5.5 6 .8 6. 7 0 0 0 0 .3 .4 .1 .5 .3 .4 .3 .1 . 1 .2 (3) .1 . 1 . 1 .1 .2 .5 .4 .5 .5 1 .0 1 .0 1 .2 .8 .6 .4 .6 1.1 .3 .2 .3 .6 0 0 0 0 2 .4 2 .2 2 .6 2 .5 0 0 0 0 13.3 11.4 13.4 16.4 33. 3 27. 0 33. 9 43. 0 23.4 18.6 24.2 30! 5 .3 .8 0 0 0 (3) (3) (3) .4 .3 .6 .1 0 (3) (3) (3) 3.4 3.4 3 .5 3 .2 2 .8 1.8 2 .7 4.5 1.0 .6 1.2 1.2 1.0 .8 .7 2 .0 1-0 .7 1.0 1.5 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e p erson s per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u ted on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of p erson s ea tin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a person ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , he w a s cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If he ate less th an 21 m eals, he w a s cou n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 2 T h e n u m b e r of exp en d itu re u n its per fa m ily in l w eek is co m p u ted on th e b a sis of th e exp en d itu re u n its rep resen ted b y th e e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons ea tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d ata a p p ly . 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. 189 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 7.— Food used at home and 'purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u e d N u m b e r of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lie s sp en d in g d i A ll A ll per euxnpite nper fam i fam i tu re year lies lies U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 over Ite m Food fo r A v erage q u a n tity p u r ch ased per p e r so n 1in 1 w eek A verage exp en d itu re per p erson 1 in 1 w eek E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i lies U n $400 $600 an d der to $400 $600 over E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it p er yea r U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 ov er U sed at H o m e an d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 — C o n tin u ed L b . L b. N o. C t. C t. C t. C t. N o . L b . L b . N o. N o. 1.227 0.979 1.287 1. 566 30.8 22.6 32.4 42.1 F a ts, to ta l _____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ B u tte r ___________ ____________ 240 68 96 76 .317 .212 .350 .448 11.4 7.6 12.4 16.3 C rea m _____________________ __ _ 32 2 11 19 .050 .009 .042 . 138 1.3 .2 1.0 3.6 O ther ta b le fats_______ __ _ ___ 65 33 23 9 .097 .134 .078 .061 1.4 2 .0 1.2 .8 170 56 65 49 .265 .238 .283 .282 4 .0 3.6 4 .3 4 .4 L a rd ________________________ V eg eta b le sh o rten in g ____________ 95 28 37 30 . 150 . 121 . 176 . 160 2 .9 2.3 3 .2 3.4 1 .031 .063 .012 .005 .8 1.4 .4 .1 T a b le or cook in g o ils______ 8 3 4 M a y o n n a ise an d oth er salad d ressin g . __ ___________________ 77 21 26 30 .082 .048 .082 . 143 1.7 .9 1.6 3 .0 B a co n , s m o k e d .__________ __ __ 175 44 77 54 .224 .143 .252 .319 7.1 4.4 8.1 10.3 .2 .2 2 .011 .011 .012 . 010 .2 .2 S a lt sid e of pork__ _ _ ____ 7 3 2 M e a t, p o u ltr y , fish and oth er sea 2.985 2.170 3.168 4.119 72.2 50 .5 77.5 104. 5 food, to ta l_____ __ __ _ B eef: F resh: S tea k , p o rterh o u se, sir lo in . __________ 111 33 42 36 .244 . 195 .237 .3 4 0 6 .5 5.1 6 .2 9 .5 to p r o u n d .__ __ 76 19 33 24 .143 .08 9 .172 .192 3 .7 2 .3 4 .5 5 .0 oth er _ _ ___ 65 26 23 16 .14 0 . 154 .141 .1 1 2 2 .6 2 .7 2 .8 2 .3 57 16 19 22 . 186 .124 .16 9 . 324 4 .6 2 .9 4 .1 8 .5 R oa st, r ib . _ _ _ _ _ c h u c k __________ 63 18 22 23 .231 . 143 .2 5 5 .348 4 .6 2 .6 5 .2 7 .0 4 .057 .04 6 .075 .04 9 1.4 1.0 2 .0 1.2 o th er_____ ____ 15 4 7 B o ilin g , c h u c k . 67 18 30 19 . 141 .093 .171 .180 2 .4 1.6 3 .0 3 .0 p la te _ _ 7 2 5 0 .018 .00 9 .038 0 .2 .3 .6 0 4 .034 .02 8 .04 4 .02 8 oth er ___ ___ .4 18 6 8 .6 .7 .5 C a n n e d ______ __ ___________ _ 0 .001 .002 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 (3) (3) .3 C o r n e d _____________________ __ 1 .004 0 .001 .014 .1 0 3 1 1 (3) .3 .2 14 3 9 2 . 010 .012 .011 .00 7 .5 D r i e d _______________ __ ____ .2 2 0 1 1 .00 5 0 . 009 . 007 .1 0 .2 .1 O ther _ _ _____ ._ _______ V eal: F resh , ste a k , c h o p s. 88 21 41 26 . 147 .09 4 . 180 . 187 3 .8 2 .4 4 .5 5.3 4 .06 2 .0 6 0 .06 6 .05 6 1.4 1.4 1.5 1 .0 r o a st- __ ----------19 6 9 18 6 4 8 .030 .0 2 5 .017 .061 .6 .5 .4 1.1 s t e w .. ___________ .8 L am b : F resh , c h o p s________ __ 15 2 8 5 .029 . 008 .03 2 .059 .2 1.0 1.6 4 .035 .030 .031 .05 2 .8 9 2 3 .7 .7 1 .2 roast __ _________ .4 .4 14 2 9 s t e w ______ __ 3 .02 5 .01 1 .04 2 .023 .2 .7 155 44 58 53 .254 . 184 .247 .38 8 7 .3 5 .3 7.1 11.3 P ork: F resh , c h o p s .. ._ . . . . 34 13 13 8 .11 2 .097 .13 4 . 105 3.1 2 .5 3 .8 3.1 lo in roa st ___ __ 8 .043 .02 6 .03 2 .09 2 18 4 6 .9 o th e r . _ _ . _ _ .5 .7 2.1 48 14 20 14 .064 .050 .064 .08 8 2 .0 1.6 2 .0 2 .8 S m o k ed h a m , s lic e s. . . _ _ h a lf or wh__ 13 1 7 5 .063 .002 .077 . 146 1.5 (3) 2 .2 3.1 p icn ic . . . 8 1 5 2 .018 .004 .03 2 .019 .5 .6 .9 .1 P ork sa u sa g e. . _ _ _ 67 17 27 23 .09 4 .06 4 .09 8 . 143 2 .2 1.5 2 .5 3 .2 O ther p o r k .. _ __ 6 2 3 1 .0 1 0 .008 .01 2 .00 9 .2 .2 .2 .3 M iscella n eo u s m ea ts, to ta l .375 .310 .404 .436 9. 5 7.4 10. 3 12.5 O ther fresh m e a t____ . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B o logn a, fra n k fu rters__________ 165 48 65 52 .263 .212 .294 .303 6 .0 4 .9 6 .4 7.3 C ooked: H a m ______ . . . _. __ 52 13 19 20 .051 .043 .04 2 • .078 2 .2 1.5 2.1 3 .8 .4 3 .006 .004 .003 .012 . 1 .1 T o n g u e ... ____________ 5 1 1 .1 L iv e r ________ _______ _ ____ 6 .041 .030 .064 .023 1.0 .6 1.7 .7 35 10 19 4 .014 .021 .001 .02 0 .2 .3 O ther m ea t p r o d u c ts_________ 8 3 1 .3 (3) 14 5 6 3 .068 .072 .053 .087 2.1 2 .2 1.5 2.9 P o u ltry : C h ick en , b ro ilin g ___ __ .084 . 108 1.6 0 5 .056 0 roast __ . . . 11 0 6 2.5 3 .2 s t e w ... _ __ 8 2 1 5 .041 .023 .023 .101 1.1 .6 .4 3.1 T u r k e y _____________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O th e r .. ________ __ 1 .004 0 .019 .1 0 .6 0 1 0 0 0 .241 .207 .217 .339 5.1 4.1 4 .8 7.6 F ish a n d o th er sea food, to ta l. _ . F ish : F resh _ _____________ 101 31 36 34 . 180> .168 .151 .248 4 .0 3 .5 3 .5 5.5 C a n n e d __________________ 42 12 17 13 .046 .034 .048 .061 .8 .5 .9 1.3 C u red . __________________ 3 .006 .005 0 .019 .4 5 2 0i .1 .1 0 2 .008■ 0 .016 .009 O ysters _ _ _______ ______ 8 0 6 .2 .4 .2 0 .00 2 .002 (3) 2 0 1 1 .001 0 . 2 O ther sea fo o d . _______ _____ 0 (3) i T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a le n t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of p erson s e a tin g m ea ls a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , h e w a s c o u n ted as a fu ll-tim e p erson for th a t w eek . If h e a te less th a n 21 m ea ls, h e w a s co u n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. W eek 190 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 7 . — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed q u a n tity p u r N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased per p erso n 1 in 1 u sin g in 1 w eek w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E c o n o m ic le v e l— lies sp en d in g F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d i per exp en d itu re A ll A ll u n it per year fam i tu re u n it per fam i year lies lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to and der an d to $400 $600 over $400 $600 over Ite m Food fo r A verage exp en d itu re per person 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies • sp en d in g per A ll exp en d itu re fam i u n it per year lies U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 over U sed at H o m e a n d P u rc h a sed C o n s u m p tio n at H om e in 1 — C o n tin u ed N o . N o. N o. N o L b. L b. L b. Lb. C t. C t. C t. V eg eta b les an d fru its, t o t a l4_____ 11. 564 8. 768 12. 623 14. 784 64. 5 46.2 69. 2 P o ta to e s___________________ __ -- 267 78 110 79 3. 211 2. 671 3. 530 3. 645 9.1 7.7 10.0 44 13 19 12 .153 .112 .182 .181 S w e etp o ta to e s, y a m s_____________ .5 .7 .6 D r ied leg u m es an d n u ts, t o ta l. _ . 254 . 198 .309 .262 2.2 1.8 2.5 0 0 0 D r ied corn___________ __________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 26 30 14 .144 .140 .182 .089 1.0 1.0 1.2 B ean s: D r y ----------------------------23 4 10 9 .054 .022 .063 .094 C an n ed , d r ie d . _____ .4 .2 .4 0 0 0 0 0 0 B a k ed , n o t can n ed ____ 0 0 0 0 0 7 3 0 4 .010 .008 0 .1 .1 0 P eas: B la c k -e y e d _________ . . .030 1 0 1 0 .001 0 O th er____________ _____ .003 0 0 (3) (3) 7 1 3 3 .007 .005 .006 .010 N u ts: S h e lle d __________________ .1 .1 .1 5 0 4 1 .003 0 .2 In s h e ll__________________ .008 .001 .1 0 33 11 14 8 .033 .023 .041 .038 .4 P e a n u t b u tte r ______________ -.5 .6 (3) .002 0 O ther dried leg u m es an d n u ts 0 .006 0 (3) 40 6 18 16 .064 .030 .086 .088 .3 1.2 T o m a to es: F r e sh _____________ . .8 151 44 59 48 .396 .314 .406 .526 2.8 2.3 3 .0 C a n n e d _______ _____ 36 8 16 12 .083 .042 .098 .131 .7 .4 Ju ice _ ______ .8 9 3 4 2 .019 .024 .012 .022 Sauce, p a s t e -----------.2 .3 .1 2.121 1.509 2. 358 2. 814 14. 7 10.2 15.7 G reen an d lea fy veg es., to ta l _ 3 0 2 1 .003 0 B r u ssel s sp r o u ts_____ _- _ _ 0 .1 .006 .005 (3) 128 33 58 37 .589 .379 .713 .756 1.4 C a b b a g e. _ ___________________ .8 1.8 58 16 25 17 .128 .090 .158 .146 S a u erk ra u t______ _____ ______ .8 .6 .8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C o lla rd s___________________ . . 0 0 0 0 9 5 3 1 .031 .040 .032 .014 .2 .2 .2 K a le _ _ ______________ _________ L e ttu c e . ______ __ ______ __ 210 57 79 74 .319 .217 .310 .512 2.9 1.9 2 .8 85 22 40 23 .189 . 160 .225 .183 1.4 1.1 1.7 S p in a ch : F re sh _____________ _ 7 .054 .066 .036 .063 .5 31 14 10 .4 C an n ed . ------ . . . .6 3 2 0 1 .005 .008 0 O th er le a fy v e g eta b le s_______ .009 (3) (3) 0 33 7 12 14 . 126 .059 .152 .202 .4 A sp aragu s: F resh ___ ____ .6 .6 24 6 7 11 .028 .018 .023 .053 .4 .3 .3 C a n n e d _________ . 21 7 6 L im a beans: F resh _ _ ____ 8 .028 .018 .023 .056 .4 .2 .2 26 8 10 8 .042 .039 .044 .046 C a n n e d ._. _ _. .4 .3 .4 88 20 39 29 .184 .120 .189 .286 1.8 1.1 2.0 B ea n s, sn a p (strin g ): F re sh . C anned. .9 51 14 23 14 .109 .083 .138 .108 .6 1.1 B r o c c o li. __ ________ . _ _ 2 1 0 1 .005 .008 0 .007 (3) .1 0 P eas: F re sh __________ _______ 30 5 14 11 .062 .024 .072 .109 .2 .6 .6 121 34 52 35 .214 .176 .229 .258 2 .3 1.7 2.5 C a n n e d _________________ 1 .005 .004 .008 .001 .1 P ep p ers . . . . ______________ 8 3 4 .1 .2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O k ra__________ ______________ 0 0 0 0 Y e llo w v e g eta b le s, to ta l___ _____ .288 .227 .271 .423 1.4 1.0 1.4 C arrots________ ______ __________ 145 41 59 45 .288 .227 .271 .423 1.4 1.0 1.4 W in te r sq u a sh an d p u m p k in . _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.126 .933 1.190 1.363 8 .3 6.6 8 .3 O ther v e g eta b le s, t o t a l4 _____ __ .2 (3) 17 2 9 6 .036 .011 .056 .047 B eets: F re sh ___________________ .3 9 4 4 C a n n e d _______ . . . ____ 1 .016 .022 .016 .006 .1 .2 .1 C a u liflo w er___________ _______ 28 7 11 10 .045 .028 .047 .070 .3 .7 .6 C elery ---------------------------------------- 129 36 50 43 . 237 .179 .22 0 .366 1.6 1.2 1.5 1 0 0 1 .004 0 .016 (3) C orn: O n e a r .. ______________ 0 0 0 137 47 57 33 .273 .244 .316 .256 2 .5 2.1 2 .9 C a n n e d . _______________ C u c u m b e r _____________________ 14 2 7 5 .017 .007 .023 .026 .2 .1 .2 4 .013 0 .013 .035 6 0 2 .1 0 E g g p la n t----------------------------------(3) O nions: M a tu r e .. ___________ 129 43 54 32 .378 .356 .396 .388 1.5 1.5 1.5 S p r in g .. ____________ 39 13 14 12 .052 .049 .051 .059 .4 .4 .4 3 2 0 1 .004 .008 0 P a r sn ip s______________ _______ .005 (3) .1 0 S u m m er sq u a sh __________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .1 (3) .2 7 0 6 1 .016 .003 .034 .009 W h ite tu r n ip s________ ______ 5 .024 .016 .009 .061 .1 .1 (3) 9 3 1 Y e llo w tu rn ip s, r u ta b a g a _____ 9 3 2 4 .011 .010 .009 .019 .1 .1 .1 O ther v e g eta b le s_______ _____ .5 .4 .8 P ick le s an d o liv e s. _ _ _ _ C itru s fru its, to ta l ______ 1.630 1.066 1.768 2. 395 9 .0 5.5 10.0 24 .105 .032 .123 .204 .9 .3 1.1 L e m o n s. __ ____________________ 63 10 29 204 60 81 63 1.094 .846 1.090 1. 536 6 .4 4 .5 6.9 O ranges___ ______________ . . 67 11 30 26 .425 .185 .551 .641 1.6 .7 1.9 G rapefruit: F r e sh .. . . . .1 (3) .1 5 1 2 2 1 .006 .003 .004 .014 C a n n e d .. __ . . . 4 D o e s n o t in c lu d e p ick les an d o liv es. L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. 1 See fo o tn o te 1, p. 191. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. W eek C t. 88. 2 10.4 .8 2.3 0 .6 .6 0 .3 0 .2 (3) .6 0 1.3 3 .6 1.0 .1 20.7 .1 1.7 .9 0 (3) 4 .7 1.5 .5 .1 1.1 .9 .7 .5 2.9 1 .0 .1 1.0 3 .0 (3) 0 2.1 2.1 0 10.8 .2 (3) .9 2 .5 .1 2.4 .2 .2 1.5 .5 (3) 0 (3) .3 .2 1.8 13.4 1.7 9 .0 2 .5 .2 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 191 7 . — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed q u a n tity p u r A vera g e exp en d itu re N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased per p e r so n 1 in 1 per u sin g in 1 w eek p erson i in 1 w eek w eek E co n o m ic E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E c o n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilie s lies sp en d in g F a m ilie s sp en d in g sp en d in g per per exp en d itu re A ll per ex p en d i A ll A ll exp en d itu re u n it per year fam i tu re u n it per fam i fam i u n it per year year lies lies lies U n - $400 $600 U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to and der to an d der to an d $400 $600 over $400 $600 over $400 $600 over Ite m Food fo r U sed at H o m e an d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 C on tin u ed N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. O ther fru its, to ta l__________________ 2. 219 1. 642 2. 413 2. 934 14. 7 9. 6 15. 5 21. 7 A p p les: F r e sh ____________________ 198 58 85 55 1.009 .808 1.132 1.165 4.7 3.5 5.4 5! 5 3 1 0 2 .008 .010 0 C a n n e d _________________ .018 .1 .2 0 .1 0 0 0 A p rico ts: F re sh __________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C a n n ed ________________ 5 1 2 2 .009 .009 .007 .014 .1 .1 .1 .2 B a n a n a s___________________________ 147 44 62 41 .568 .422 .614 .752 2 .9 2 .2 3.1 3.8 74 13 24 37 . 120 .044 .108 .275 1.8 B erries: F re sh ____________________ .6 1.5 4 .3 3 1 2 0 .004 .005 .007 0 C a n n e d _________________ .1 0 (3) (3) 5 3 1 C herries: F re sh __________________ 1 .008 .012 .006 .005 .1 .1 .1 .1 C a n n ed ________________ 5 .038 .040 .037 .036 20 10 5 .4 .4 .3 .4 1 0 1 G rapes: F r e sh ____________________ 0 (5) 0 .001 0 0 0 (3) (3) 1 0 1 0 .001 0 C a n n ed -------------------------.004 0 0 0 (3) (3) 1 .015 .005 .031 .008 7 1 5 P each es: F r e sh ___________________ .1 (3) .3 .1 64 16 25 23 .150 .107 .144 .232 1.5 1.0 1.4 2.3 C a n n e d ________________ 0 0 0 P ears: F re sh ______________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 5 6 .024 .005 .025 .058 C a n n e d ___________________ .3 (3) .3 .6 17 5 6 P in ea p p le: F r e sh ________________ 6 .044 .038 .043 .056 .3 .2 .3 .4 C a n n e d ______________ 37 6 16 15 .069 .037 .083 .103 .4 1.0 1.5 .8 0 0 0 M e lo n s____________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 P lu m s: F re sh ____________________ 1 .002 0 0 .011 (3) 0 0 .1 5 1 2 2 .011 .005 .014 .016 C a n n e d __________________ . 1 (3) .1 .2 O ther fru it________________________ 8 1 4 3 .011 .003 .018 .015 . 1 (3) .1 .2 C id er______________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G rape ju ice _______________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther fruit ju ice s_________________ 7 1 4 2 .011 .002 .014 .023 .2 (3) .2 .3 8 3 2 D ried : A p r ico ts____ _____________ 3 .009 .008 .006 .014 .2 .1 .1 .3 11 6 4 1 .015 .017 .019 .005 P ea ch es___________________ .2 .2 .2 .1 48 13 18 17 .076 .054 .079 . 108 P ru n e s----------------------------.7 .5 .7 1.0 7 3 1 R a isin s___________________ 3 .011 .011 .006 .019 . 1 .1 (3) .2 1 0 1 D a te s _____________________ 0 .002 0 .006 0 0 .1 0 (3) 0 0 0 F ig s---------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 1 .004 0 .009 .001 (3) O th er_____________________ .1 (3) 0 Sugars an d sw eets, to ta l___________ 1.408 .968 1. 741 1. 640 9. 6 6 .9 11.3 11.3 Sugars: W h ite ____________________ 252 74 102 76 1. 211 .787 1.514 1. 465 6.8 4 .7 8.1 8 .4 B r o w n ___________________ 25 6 15 4 .030 .016 .051 .019 .2 .1 .4 .1 O ther sw eets: C a n d y ____________ 54 16 23 15 .080 .074 .093 .072 1.5 1.2 1.8 1.5 43 11 18 14 .035 .017 .050 .042 J e llie s_____________ .6 .3 .6 .8 30 15 10 5 .052 .074 .033 .042 M o la sses, sir u p s. _ .5 .6 .4 .5 0 0 0 O ther sw e e ts_____ 0 0 0 0 0 M iscella n eo u s, to ta l________________ 21. 2 12. 7 22.9 33. 2 G e la tin e ___________________________ 15 5 5 5 .010 .003 .011 .019 .2 .2 .3 .3 92 23 41 28 .045 .030 .053 .057 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.7 P ack a g ed d essert m ix tu r es______ T e a ________________________________ 48 14 23 11 .017 .013 .022 .017 .8 .6 1.1 .7 C offee_____________________________ 260 77 106 77 .376 .277 .420 .479 8 .2 5.7 9 .4 10.9 C ocoa______________________________ 22 7 6 9 .023 .021 .014 .041 .3 .3 .2 .6 C h o co la te_________________________ 0 .004 .003 .008 0 . 1 . 1 .2 0 7 2 5 V in eg a r___________________________ . 2 .5 .4 .4 S a lt________________________________ . 2 .3 .3 .5 . 7 .4 B a k in g p o w d er, y e a st, so d a_____ . 5 .4 . 1 .3 S p ices an d ex tra cts_______________ .2 .3 C a tsu p s, sa u ces__________________ .5 .4 .6 .5 T o m a to so u p _____________________ 38 22 7 9 .070 .101 .036 .072 .7 1.0 .4 .7 8 .048 .038 .055 .054 O ther so u p s_______________________ 29 11 10 .6 .6 .6 .6 2 .003 0 C o d -liver o il______________________ 4 0 2 .006 .004 .3 0 .5 .2 5 .011 .004 .011 .023 .3 P ro p rieta ry food s________________ 13 3 5 .7 .8 1 .2 3 .017 .007 .035 .008 .3 O ther food s_______________________ 8 1 4 .4 .5 .3 21 3 9 .1 1.2 1.6 9 .094 .013 .112 .208 Soft d rin k s con su m ed at h o m e ._ .9 41 5 14 22 .339 .046 .304 .906 4 .7 1.2 3.7 12.3 O ther d rin k s con su m ed at h o m e . S ales tax on food ____________________ 7.3 5.4 7.9 9 .8 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u ted on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of p erson s ea tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ieh th e d a ta a p p ly . If a person ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , he w a s cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e a te less th a n 21 m ea ls, h e w a s cou n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. 5 L ess th a n 0.0005 p o u n d . N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. W eek*— 192 T EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION able 7 . — Food used at home and 'purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S A ll fa m i lies Item N u m b e r of fam ilies su r v e y ed in sp rin g q u a rter___________ A verage n u m b er of e q u iv a le n t fu ll-tim e persons 1 per fa m ily in 1 w e ek ____________________________________________ A v erage n u m b er of food exp en d itu re u n its 2 per fam ily in 1 w eek . E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $300 $300 to $400 81 28 4.7 8 3.98 3.38 2.89 verage q u a n tity p u r N u m b e r of fam ilies Ach ased per p e r so n 1 in 1 u sin g in 1 w eek w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g d i A ll A ll per exu npitenper fam i fam i tu re year lies lies U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 over Item Food fo r 1 $400 an d over 23 3.2 4 2.74 30 2.18 1.98 A v era g e ex p en d itu re p er person 1 in 1 w eek E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i lies U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 ov er E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per yea r U n $300 $400 der to and $300 $400 over U se d at H o m e a n d P u r c h a se d C o n s u m p tio n at H om e in W eek N o . N o. N o. N o . L b . L b . L b. L b. a . C t. C t. C t. 213.0 147.7 232.7 326. 2 5. 895 4.868 5. 624 8. 312 34 .5 27.0 34 .0 50. 2 1. 886 1. 472 1.925 2. 686 15.3 10 8 16. 3 23. 2 66 22 19 25 1. 635 1. 319 1.639 2.279 11.4 8 .7 1L 9 16^5 2 1 1 0 .013 .011 .027 0 .2 .1 .3 0 5 1 2 2 .028 .006 .064 .034 .3 .1 .5 .3 10 4 3 3 .048 .045 .040 .061 .5 .4 .6 .5 1 1 0 0 .026 .052 0 0 .4 .8 0 0 9 1 3 5 .040 .004 .034 .122 .7 (3) .6 2 .3 7 1 3 3 .030 .005 .047 .061 .5 .1 .8 1 .2 9 2 3 4 .048 .030 .057 .076 1.0 .6 1.4 1.4 1 0 0 1 .004 0 0 .015 .1 0 0 .3 7 .014 0 .2 0 .017 .038 .2 14 3 5 6 .041 .017 .061 .067 .7 .2 .9 1.3 3.968 3. 379 3. 638 5. 559 18. 5 16.0 16 8 25. 7 66 20 20 26 2.848 2.312 2. 674 4.144 12.3 10.2 11.4 17! 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 .008 .009 0 .015 .1 .1 0 .3 39 15 11 13 .556 .530 .484 .689 1.8 1 .6 1 .6 2 .4 6 3 1 2 .091 .088 .027 .172 .3 .4 .1 .4 2 1 1 0 .011 .015 .013 0 .1 .1 .1 0 25 10 9 6 . 157 . 157 . 175 .138 1.1 1 .0 1.4 1.0 23 9 6 8 .135 . 121 .131 .168 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.3 6 5 0 1 .024 .046 0 .018 .3 .6 0 .2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 .004 0 0 .015 (3) 0 0 .2 27 10 7 10 .134 .101 .134 .200 1.4 1 .0 1 .2 2 .2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74 25 21 28 .630 .433 .705 .946 9 .2 6 .4 10.8 13.3 2. 964 2. 346 3.082 4.090 18.9 14.1 20 8 26.8 63 23 19 21 2. 063 1.715 2. 013 2. 833 11.5 9 .7 11.0 15! 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 .374 .272 .371 .586 1. 6 1 .2 1.5 2 .5 17 7 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 14 14 15 .410 .329 .514 .456 3.1 2 .4 4 .0 3 .6 24 5 7 12 .071 .017 .087 .161 1.6 .5 1.7 3.6 1 0 1 0 .003 0 .010 0 0 .2 0 (3) 7 1 4 2 .024 .007 .047 .031 .7 .2 1.5 .9 5 1 2 2 .019 .006 .040 .023 .4 .1 .9 .5 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e p erson s per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u ted on th e b a sis of n u m b er o f th e persons ea tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals d u rig n t h e w eek , h e w a s c o u n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, he w as co u n ted a s th e ap p ro p riate d ecim a l e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 2 T h e n u m b er of ex p en d itu re u n its per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u te d on th e b a sis o f th e exp en d itu re u n its rep resen ted b y th e e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e p erson s ea tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w e ek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. T o ta l _' _ - - - ______ G rain p r o d u cts, to ta l_____ _ B read an d oth er b a k ed goods, to ta l______________ _____ B read: W h ite ___ ___________ G raham , w h . w h e a t. R y e __________________ C rackers __ _ ___ _ __ ___ P la in r o lls ________ . . . _ __ S w eet rolls _ C o o k ies___ __ __ ---------------C a k es________ _______ __ P ie s ____ . . . . . O th er______________ __________ R ea d y -to -ea t cereals _ _ _ _ _ _ F lou r an d oth er cereals, t o ta l. F lou r: W h ite _________ G raham . _ ____ O th er________ __ _ C o r n m e a l... _ _ _ _ _ _ H o m in y .. __ . . . __ _ _ C o rn sta rch ____ __ R ice_ . . . . ______________ R o lled o a ts ________ _______ W h e a t cereal_____ _ _ _ _ T a p io c a ___ __ _______________ S a go___________________________ M a ca ro n i, sp a g h e tti, n o o d les O th er grain p r o d u c ts___ __ _ E g g s----------------------------------------------M ilk , ch eese, ice cream , to ta l. _ M ilk : F resh , w h o le— b o ttle d __ lo o se ____ s k im m e d ... ___ b u tte r m ilk an d o th e r _____ __ _ sk im m e d , d r ie d _________ E v a p o ra te d an d co n d sd . C heese: A m er ic a n . _ _ _ C o tta g e . ____________ O t h e r _____________ _ Ice crea m ___________________ TABULAR SUMMARY T able 193 7 . — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed q u a n tity p u r A verage exp en d itu re N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased per p erson 1 in 1 per u sin g in 1 w eek person 1 in 1 w eek w eek E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g p en d i A ll A ll per ex u n it per fam fam i tu re year i lies lies U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 over Food fo r E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g p er ex p en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i lies U n $300 $400 an d der to $300 $400 ov er E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 ov er U sed at H o m e an d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 — C o n tin u ed N o. L b. N o. N o. N o. L b . L b. L b . C t. C t. C t. C t. 1.401 1.027 1.403 2 . 161 28.2 19.4 29.4 44.1 F a ts, to ta l___________________________ 61 21 17 23 .229 .183 .222 .333 7.4 5 .4 7.7 10.9 B u tte r _____________________________ 1 .004 0 1 0 0 0 .016 .1 0 C rea m _____________________________ 0 .4 25 8 7 10 .128 .090 .107 .230 1.8 1.3 1.5 3 .2 O th er ta b le fats__________________ 72 27 21 24 .521 .415 .551 .705 7 .4 5 .8 7.5 10.3 L a rd _______________________________ 4 1 0 3 .044 .030 0 .122 V eg eta b le sh o rten in g ____________ .7 1 .9 .4 0 2 0 1 1 .008 0 .025 .004 .4 0 T a b le or coo k in g o ils____________ 1 .0 .4 M a y o n n a ise an d other salad 9 1 4 4 .048 .007 .081 .092 d ressin g_________________________ .8 .1 1.5 1.4 50 15 13 22 .236 .149 .222 .429 6 .6 4 .0 6 .7 11.8 B a co n , sm o k ed ___________________ 22 10 6 6 .183 .153 .195 .230 3 .0 2 .4 3 .5 3 .8 S a lt sid e of p o r k _________________ M e a t, p o u ltr y , fish an d other sea 2.606 1.832 2.871 3.883 53.0 34.4 59.2 84 .0 food, t o ta l______________________ Beef: F resh : S tea k , p o r t e r h o u s e , 18 2 4 12 .082 .019 .074 .222 2 .2 sir lo in ________ .6 1 .8 6 .3 7 1 3 3 .032 .007 .060 .050 to p r o u n d ______ .8 .2 1 .2 1.4 1 .009 0 2 0 1 o th er___________ .020 .015 .2 0 .4 .3 9 3 1 5 .095 .078 .040 .191 2 .0 1.5 .8 4 .4 R o a st, r ib _____________ 5 .110 .030 .121 .260 2 .0 10 1 4 ch u c k __________ .5 2 .2 4 .6 1 0 0 1 .015 0 o th er___________ 0 .061 .2 0 0 .9 1 .196 .235 .269 .031 2 .9 3 .7 3 .5 21 12 8 B o ilin g, c h u c k _________ .4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 p la te__________ 0 0 0 0 2 .055 .052 .027 .092 6 3 1 oth er__________ .8 .3 1.4 .7 C a n n e d _________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C o r n e d _________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D r ie d ___________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 18 7 7 4 .130 .108 .175 .122 1.9 1.6 2 .5 1.8 O ther___________________________ 17 4 8 5 .084 .041 .168 .076 2.1 1.2 3 .8 1 .9 V eal: F resh , stea k , c h o p s______ 3 0 1 2 .022 0 r o a st______________ .027 .061 .6 0 .8 1.5 2 0 2 0 .011 0 ste w _______________ .040 0 .2 0 .7 0 1 .016 .015 .020 .015 5 2 2 L am b: F resh , c h o p s____________ .5 .3 .7 .4 1 0 1 0 .018 0 roa st_____________ .067 0 .4 0 1.5 0 5 2 0 3 .036 .045 0 s te w _____________ .061 .5 .5 0 1.1 43 15 13 15 .229 .159 .271 .324 6 .4 4.6 7 .8 8 .5 P ork: F resh , ch op s_____________ 5 1 1 3 .071 .034 .027 . 199 1.9 1.0 .8 5.1 lo in ro a st_________ 10 5 0 5 .129 .170 0 .193 1.9 2 .8 0 oth er______________ 2 .3 13 1 5 7 .075 .007 .081 .207 2.0 .2 2 .4 5.5 S m ok ed h a m , slices______ 2 .068 .041 .040 .153 1.9 1.1 1.4 3 .9 5 2 1 1 .077 .037 .148 .076 1.5 p ic n ic ____ 4 1 2 .7 3 .0 1.4 P ork sa u sa g e___________ 20 5 5 10 .099 .045 .081 .230 1.8 .9 1.7 4 .0 1 .073 .045 .161 .031 1.0 .9 1.7 O ther p o rk ______________ 10 4 5 .4 M iscella n eo u s m ea ts, to ta l____ .329| .291 .262 .483 6.4 5.3 5 .8 9 .6 O ther fresh m e a t____________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B o logn a, fra n k fu rters_______ 45 20 9 16 .266 .229 .222 .391 5.3 4 .3 5.3 7 .6 1 .008i .002 0 C ooked : H a m _______________ 2 1 0 .031 .3 .1 0 .9 T o n g u e____________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 L iv e r _________________________ 11 6 2 3 .055 .060 .040 .061 .8 .9 .5 1.1 0 O ther m e a t p r o d u c ts________ 0 0 0 0' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 .055■ .022 .107 .061 1.3 P o u ltry : C h ick en , b ro ilin g ___ 5 1 3 .6 2 .5 1.5 1 .051 ‘.037 .054 .076 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.9 r o a st______ 3 1 1 3 .091 .030 .121 .184 2.5 ste w _______ 6 1 2 .6 3 .7 5.1 T u r k e y ______________ 0 0 0 01 01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O th er_________________ .023 1 01 0i 1 .005. 0 .2 0 0 .7 0 F ish an d oth er sea food, to ta l. .343i .284 .410i .386 5.5 3.8 6 .9 7.7 F ish : F resh __________________ 41 16■ 12! 13 .3051 .269i .363 .329 4.9' 3.6 6 .2 6.1 1 .0231 .015' .047 .011 C a n n ed ________________ 5i 2! 2! .3 .2 .2 .7 C u r ed ________ ,________ 0i 0i 0i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0o 00 00 O y sters_______________________ 0i 01 01 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0i 01 1 .011 0 O ther sea fo o d _______________ .046 .3 1 0 0 0 1.4 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted o n th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of p erson s ea tin g m ea ls a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson a te 21 m ea ls d u rin g th e w eek , he w a s co u n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, he w a s co u n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person . N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. W eek 194 T EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION able 1 , — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I . O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed N u m b e r of fam ilies A v . q u a n tity pur ch ased A verage exp en d itu re u sin g in 1 w eek per person i in 1 w eek per p e r so n 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E c o n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilie s lies sp en d in g a m ilies sp en d in g A ll sp en d in g per A ll per ex p en d i A ll Fper exp en d itu re fam i exp en d itu re fam i tu re u n it per fam i u n it per year lies year lies lies u n it per yea r U n $300 $400 U n $300 $400 U n $300 $400 der to an d der to an d der to an d $300 $400 over $300 $400 over $300 $400 ov er Item Food fo r U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 N o. N o. N o. L b . L b. L b. C o n tin u ed N o. L b. a . C t. C t. C t. V eg eta b les an d fru its, t o t a l i _ _ _ 8. 942 6. 386 9. 985 13. 005 46 4 30. 6 54 8 70. 8 73 28 19 26 2. 434 1.827 2. 606 3.481 7.0 5! 4 7'. 1 10! 2 P o ta to e s ____________ _______ - 20 8 4 S w e etp o ta to e s, y a m s----- --------8 .268 .208 .218 .448 1.2 .9 .9 1.8 D r ied leg u m es an d n u ts, total . 426 .294 .517 . 594 2. 7 1 6 3. 4 4 1 0 6 0 0 0 D r ied corn----- -------------- --- - -0 0 0 0 0 O’ o' 37 12 11 14 .344 .261 .390 .460 1.7 1 .2 2 .0 2 .4 B ea n s: D r y ------------------------------C an n ed , d ried -----------2 0 1 1 .017 0 .047 .019 .1 0 .3 .2 B a k ed , n o t can n ed -----0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P eas: B la ck -ey ed -------------7 2 1 4 .029 .022 .027 .046 .3 .2 .2 .5 O t h e r ____ _ ------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N u ts: S h e lle d . . . . ----------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In sh e ll____ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 3 5 4 .036 .011 .053 .069 P e a n u t b u tte r -------------------------.6 .2 .9 1 .0 O ther d ried leg u m es an d n u ts_ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T o m a to es: F re sh --------- __ __ __ 12 4 6 2 .058 .037 .087 .069 .6 .4 1.2 .4 C a n n e d _______________ 30 8 7 15 .216 . 146 . 155 .433 1.7 1.1 1.1 3 .8 2 0 0 2 .011 0 J u ic e __________________ 0 .048 .1 0 0 .4 S a u ce, p a ste --------------2 0 1 1 .003 0 .003 .010 (3) 0 .1 .2 G reen an d le a fy v e g s., to ta l_____ 2. 249 1. 778 2. 639 2. 776 13.7 9. 4 17. 9 18. 2 0 0 6 0 0 0 B ru ssels sp ro u ts --------- ------------0 0 0 0 o' o' 44 17 10 17 .621 .508 .484 1.011 1.9 1.6 1.6 3 .0 C a b b a g e________ ______ _ _____ 4 0 3 1 .025 0 S a u erk ra u t_____________ ___ _ .067 .027 .2 0 .4 .2 2 1 0 1 .062 . 112 0 C o lla r d s .. ____________________ .031 .1 .2 0 .2 4 . 190 . 146 .316 . 138 1.2 .8 2 .3 23 8 11 K a le _____________________________ .9 27 7 6 14 . 117 .071 .131 . 195 1.1 L e ttu c e ____ _ _ _ - - - - .6 1.3 2 .0 S p in a ch : F r e sh ------------------------37 11 15 11 .324 .207 .430 .444 2 .0 1.1 2 .6 3 .1 C a n n e d . ___ _ ___ 2 .036 .019 .067 .038 6 1 3 .3 .2 .6 .4 O ther le a fy v e g e ta b le s------------11 2 4 5 . 113 .045 . 141 .222 .8 .3 1.1 1 .4 1 . 102 .060 .242 .031 A sp aragu s: F r e sh , _______ 9 2 6 .5 .2 1.2 .3 C an n ed __ _ _ 2 0 0 2 .008 0 0 .034 .2 0 0 .7 L im a bean s: F r e s h ___ ________ 2 2 0 0 .013 .027 0 0 .2 .5 0 0 2 .031 0 C a n n ed . ______ 6 0 4 .084 .034 .2 0 .6 .4 B ea n s, sn a p (strin g): F r e sh ___ 31 16 9 6 .330 .418 .317 . 162 2 .3 2 .4 2.8 1 .5 C anned. 6 .068 .035 .034 . 172 10 2 2 .6 .3 .3 1 .6 B ro c c o li- _ __ ______ _____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P eas: F resh _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 2 2 3 .059 .036 .071 .092 .5 .2 .5 1 .0 C a n n e d .. _ _ _ _ ____ 23 6 10 7 . 136 .084 .235 . 130 1.4 .8 2 .4 1 .4 1 .007 .003 .007 .015 P ep p e r s____ ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 1 1 .1 .1 .1 .1 O kra____ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ 2 1 1 0 .007 .007 .013 0 .1 .1 .1 0 Y e llo w v e g eta b le s, to ta l___ __ _ . 212 . 112 .403 . 199 .9 . 5 1.7 .8 C a r r o t s .__________ 25 7 11 7 .212 .112 .403 . 199 .9 .5 1.7 .8 W in te r sq u a sh an d p u m p k in __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther v eg eta b les, t o t a l4____ __ .897 . 673 .889 1. 359 4 .9 3. 6 5. 3 7 .4 B eets: F r e sh ____________________ 2 .035 .037 .034 .031 6 3 1 .2 .2 .3 .2 C a n n e d ................................. 1 0 1 0 .013 0 .047 0 .1 0 .3 0 C a u liflo w er____________________ 2 0 0 2 .015 0 0 .061 .1 0 .4 0 5 .084 .052 .107 .12 2 C e ler y -------------- ------------------------17 5 7 .5 .3 .7 .6 C orn: O n ea r---------- -------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 9 8 12 .207 .177 .212 .264 1.8 1.3 1.9 2 .7 C a n n e d __________________ C u c u m b er______________________ 5 2 1 2 .018 .015 .020 .023 .1 .1 . 1 .3 1 0 1 0 .011 0 E g g p la n t----------------------------------.040 0 0 .1 0 (3) 51 19 11 21 .413 .288 .322 .774 1.6 1.1 1.3 2 .8 O n ions: M a tu r e ________________ 4 .068 .037 . 107 .084 S p rin g______ _________ 11 4 3 .3 .1 .4 .3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P a r sn ip s______ __ ______ _ 0 0 0 0 0 S u m m er sq u a sh _____________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 .007 .015 0 0 .1 0 W h ite tu r n ip s_____ _________ 0 (3) 2 2 0 Y e llo w tu rn ip s, r u ta b a g a _____ 0 .026 .052 0 0 .1 .3 0 0 O ther v e g eta b le s______________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 . 1 .3 0 P ick le s an d o liv e s___ __________ C itru s fru its, t o ta l_ _ __ ________ .830 .456 1.189 1.190 5.0 2.6 7.5 6.8 6 .118 .041 .228 .153 1.0 .4 2.1 1.0 20 5 9 L e m o n s________ _____________ 43 14 16 13 .571 .359 .743 .812 3 .3 2 .1 4.3 4.5 O ranges_______________________ 9 1 4 4 .127 .056 .218 .168 .6 G rapefruit: F resh _____________ .1 1.1 .9 1 0 0 0 .057 .1 0 0 1 .014 0 C a n n e d _________ .4 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is com p u ted on th e basis of th e n u m b e r of persons eatin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a person ate 21 m eals, d u rin g th e w eek , he w as cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e p erson for th a t w eek . If he ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w as c o u n te d as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th an 0.05 cen t. 4 D o e s n o t in clu d e p ick les an d oliv es. N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. W eek — TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 7. 195 — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed N u m b e r of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g per ex p e n d i A ll tu re u n it per A ll fam i fam i year lies lies U n - ;$300 $400 der to and $300 $400 over Item Food fo r A verage q u a n tity pu r A verage exp en d itu re ch ased per person 1 in 1 per p erson 1 in 1 w eek w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i lies U n $300 $400 der an d to $300 $400 over E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per yea r U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 over U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n s u m p tio n C on tin u ed at H om e in 1 N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. N o. . C t. C t. C t. C t. 1.338 0.855 1.279 2. 398 8 .6 5.1 8 6 16.7 49 19 14 16 .588 .458 .638 .796 2 .8 2 .2 3.’ 3 3! 7 A p p les: F re sh ------------------------------2 0 0 2 .022 0 0 .094 .2 0 C an n ed ----------------------0 .8 1 0 0 1 .007 0 .1 0 0 .031 A p ricots: F re sh --------- ----------- 0 .4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C a n n e d - .- ___________ 0 0 0 0 29 9 7 13 .347 .179 .322 .720 1.7 .9 1.5 3 .5 B a n a n a s - - ------- --------------- - - -15 3 5 Berries: F r e s h - -------------------------7 .096 .056 .101 . 172 1.1 .5 1.2 2 .2 2 0 1 C a n n e d ____ . _ - -1 .011 0 .017 .027 .1 0 .2 .2 0 0 C herries: F re sh _________ ______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 C a n n e d ______________ 1 .004 0 .019 (3) 0 .2 0 0 0 0 G rapes: F r e sh , ----------------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C a n n e d ----------- --------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 .009 0 .038 .1 0 P ea ch es: F re sh ____ ____ _ _ _ _ .4 0 12 1 5 C a n n e d - ________ _-6 . 100 .026 .118 .230 1.0 .2 1.2 2 .4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P ears: F re sh ------------------- -----0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C a n n e d ________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .031 (3) 1 0 0 1 .007 0 0 .2 P in ea p p le: F resh --------------------0 0 .2 .046 3 1 0 2 .017 .013 0 .1 0 C a n n e d ______ - -.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M e lo n s .. _ ------- -------- ------0 0 0 0 1 1 0 P lu m s: F re sh ------- ----------------------0 .005 .011 0 .1 0 0 (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C an n ed -- - - - -0 0 0 0 0 .1 0 1 0 0 1 .009 0 .038 .4 O ther f r u i t __________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C id er______________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G rape ju ice ------------------------------.1 .2 0 2 1 1 .1 0 .012 .015 .017 0 O ther fru it ju ices - -------------.2 .2 3 2 1 .3 0 D ried : A p r ico ts----- ------------------ 0 .009 .011 .013 0 .5 .4 3 .043 .041 .013 .080 .2 1.0 P ea ch es ___________ 6 2 1 .4 .5 .4 .5 P ru n e s. ___________ --9 5 1 3 .048 .045 .040 .061 1 0 0 1 .004 0 0 .015 (3) 0 0 .2 R a i s i n s . . . ------ -----0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D a t e s ____ __ __ _ - -0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 F ig s----------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O t h e r _____________ _____ 0 0 0 0 0 1.236 1.115 1.143 1.597 7.7 6.8 7.4 10.3 Sugars an d sw eets, to tal _ ____ 72 27 20 25 1.049 .949 1.021 1.287 6.0 5.5 6.0 7.4 Sugars: W h ite ____- - - -.1 0 .2 .1 1 .011 0 .027 .015 3 0 2 B r o w n ______ - _ __ -.5 .2 .1 1.4 5 1 1 3 .027 .022 .007 .061 O ther sw eets: C a n d y ---------- . .4 0 .054 .050 .8 1.0 6 0 3 3 .026 0 J e llie s____________ 2 . 123 . 144 .034 . 184 .7 1.1 .3 .4 12 8 2 M o lasses, s ir u p s .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther sw e e ts. 9.5 5.2 10.0 18.2 M iscellan eo u s, total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G e la tin e ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ .3 .2 .7 .2 1 .012 .006 .027 .006 7 2 4 P ack ag ed d essert m ix tu r es______ .6 .2 .6 1.6 8 .014 .004 .013 .033 15 3 4 T e a .. -_ -------------- -- - - -- 64 19 19 26 .254 .149 .255 .467 4.9 2.8 5.4 8.6 C o f fe e ... - - - - - - - - - - - - .3 .2 .2 .6 3 .022 .007 .040 .031 6 2 1 C ocoa___ - -------------- --- - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C h ocola te________________ .1 0 .3 0 VinPigar .5 .4 .9 .4 Salt .4 .8 0 0 B a k in g p ow d er, y e a st, so d a------. 1 . 1 0 .2 S p ices an d extracts ______ .3 0 .4 .8 C atsu p s, sauces .1 .3 .038 .1 .1 2 .018 .009 .017 5 1 2 T o m a to so u p . ------- ------------.1 .6 .3 .2 2 .036 .028 .017 .076 5 2 1 O ther so u p s___________ ______ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0i 0 0 C od -liver o il________ - - - - - .4 0 1.3 0 .027 0 1 0 1 0 .007 0 P ro p rietary fo o d s______________ .1 0 0 0 0 .001 .001 1 1 0 0 (3) O ther food s_________ _ _ ----------.1 .5 1.0 .4 2 .040 .001 .035 . 126 4 1 1 Soft d rin k s con su m ed at h o m e ._ 3 .4 .216 0 0 .052 0 .8 ! 0 4 0 0 4 O ther d rin k s con su m ed at h o m e. 5.6 3.8 6.3 8.5 S a les tax on food ____________________ ,i T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u ted on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of persons eatin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals d uring th e w eek , h e w as cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If he ate less th a n 21 m eals, he w a s cou n ted as th e ap propriate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is are ta b le m ap p en d ix A , p. 380. W eek— 196 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 7. — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S E co n o m ic lev el— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year an d U n d er $400 $400 to $600 $600 over 82 211 50 79 3.49 4.6 0 3.65 2.61 3.9 2 2.99 3.10 2.30 A ll fam i lies Item N u m b e r of fam ilies su r v e y ed in sp rin g q u a rter. . . . . A verage n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons 1 per fa m d y in 1 w eek _ . . . __ __ _ ________ A verage n u m b er of food exp en d itu re u n its 2 per fa m ily in 1 w eek _ ___ ______ ____________ _____ ____ N u m b e r of fam ilies A v . q u a n tity p u rch ased A verage exp en d itu re u sin g in 1 w eek per p erson 1 in 1 w e ek per p e r so n 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E co n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilie s lies sp en d in g F a m ilie s sp en d in g sp en d in g per per exp en d itu re A ll A ll per ex p en d i A ll exp en d itu re u n it per year fam i tu re u n it per fam i fam i u n it per year year lies lies lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to an d der to an d der to an d $400 $600 over $400 $600 ov er $400 $600 ov er Item Food fo r U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 W eek N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. 293.6 223.1 287. 2 382.2 5.193 4.987 5.033 5.653 45.5 40.2 45.2 51.7 2.948 2.848 2.987 3.001 30.8 27. 5 30.9 34.7 188 43 7 5 70 1.709 1.596 1.838 1.647 14.2 13.0 15.2 14.2 33 9 13 11 .176 .219 .168 .138 1.7 2 .0 1.6 1.3 95 28 35 32 .547 .678 .470 .514 5 .0 6 .2 4.3 4 .7 81 24 31 26 .146 . 160 . 134 . 149 2.1 2 .0 1.9 2 .6 26 5 9 12 .059 .044 .055 .081 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.5 45 8 17 20 .082 .046 .080 .125 1.9 1.2 1.9 2 .8 47 11 13 23 .064 .059 .039 .106 1.5 1.2 1.0 2 .7 37 3 16 18 .071 .010 .082 .123 1.8 .3 2 .0 3.1 22 4 11 .8 7 .061 .022 *.079 .076 .3 1.1 1 .0 .033 .014 .042 . 042 .6 .3 .8 .8 88 22 36 30 . 114 .096 . 114 . 134 1.8 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.131 2.043 1.932 2. 518 12.9 11.2 12.4 14. 9 94 25 37 32 1.599 1.666 1.298 1.961 7 .5 7 .5 6 .3 9 .2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 .0 .0 .0 12 2 4 6 .046 .011 .038 .097 .4 .1 .3 .9 8 2 5 1 .029 .004 .052 .024 .1 (3) .3 .1 3 1 1 1 .007 .006 .009 .006 .1 (3) .1 C3) 13 2 5 6 .016 .007 .015 .027 .2 .1 .2 .2 66 16 32 18 .109 .070 . 131 .121 .8 .5 .9 1 .0 52 10 26 16 .110 .087 .122 . 120 1.0 .8 1 .0 1.2 40 10 20 10 .054 .043 .066 .049 .9 .7 1.1 .6 10 1 5 4 .009 .002 .010 .014 .2 (3) .2 .3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 82 21 37 24 .152 .147 .191 .099 1.7 1.5 2.0 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 203 49 81 73 .848 .702 .869 .982 15.0 12.5 15.1 17.6 6. 414 5. 578 6. 500 7.218 37.1 31. 7 37.8 42.3 203 49 77 77 5.484 4.979 5. 343 6.249 26.1 23.6 25.7 29 .6 1 0 1 .173 0 0 .070 0 .3 0 .6 0 1 0 0 1 .017 0 0 .062 (3) 0 0 .2 6 0 2 4 .086 0 .115 .140 .3 0 .3 .7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 29 41 30 .505 .418 .614 .444 4 .2 3 .4 5 .0 3 .9 71 23 23 25 .068 .066 .064 .074 1.9 1.8 1.8 2 .1 42 8 15 19 .069 .048 .056 .112 .9 .5 .8 1 .4 47 13 19 15 .044 .038 .050 .041 1.6 1.6 1.6 1 .6 47 7 18 22 .071 .029 .085 .096 1.8 .8 2 .0 2 .8 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fam ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u ted on th e b asis of th e n u m b er of persons eatin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a person ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , h e w as co u n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e a te less th a n 21 m eals, h e w a s cou n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 2 T h e n u m b er of exp en d itu re u n its per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e b asis of th e exp en d itu re u n its rep resen ted b y th e e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons eatin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w e ek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s o n th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p, 380, G rain p ro d u cts, to ta l. _ __ B rea d an d other b ak ed goods, to ta l _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ B read : W h ite _______ __ G r a h a m , w h o le w heat R y e ------------------- ___ C rackers _ _ __ _ __ P la in rolls _ __ _ S w eet ro lls. _ _ ... _ C o o k ies_____ _ . _______ C ak es _____________________ P ies _ _ _ _ _ O th er. _____ R ea d y -to -ea t cereals _ _ __ _ F lou r an d oth er cereals, to ta l _ F lour: W h ite . __ _ ____ G ra h a m . _ _______ __ O th e r . . . . C o r n m e a l.. _ . . . . . . _. H o m i n y _____________________ C orn starch R ice . . .. ... . ... . R o lle d oa ts . . . ._ --------W h ea t cereal______ . T a p io c a . _ _ . . . . . ._ S ago______ _______ _______ M a ca ro n i, sp a g h etti, nood le s—. _________ . . O ther grain p rod u cts E g g s---------------------------------------------M ilk , ch eese, ice cream , to ta l _ M ilk : F resh , w h o le— b o ttle d ._ lo o se ____ sk im m e d _ . b u tte r m ilk an d other S k im m ed , dried . E v a p o ra ted an d con d e n se d _____ . . _____ C heese: A m erican ___________ C o tta g e ______________ O ther ________________ I c e c r e a m .. __ __ _______ __ 197 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 7 .-— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed N u m b er of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lie s sp en d in g per e x p e n d i A ll tu re u n it per A ll fam i fam i year lies lies U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 over Item Food fo r A verage q u a n tity p u r chased per p erson * in 1 w eek A verage exp en d itu re per person 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per A ll ex p en d itu re fam i u n it per yea r lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to an d der to an d $400 $600 over $400 $600 over E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U sed at H o m e an d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 N o. L b. L b. L b. — C o n tin u ed N o. N o. C t. C t. N o. L b. C t. C t. F a ts, to ta l _____ __ ______ ______ __ 1.078 0. 874 1.061 1.328 28. 5 22.0 27.9 36.7 72 .387 .292 .380 .501 13.3 9 .8 13.2 17.2 196 47 77 B u tte r _____ - ___ __________ __ 45 5 14 26 .055 .020 .051 .098 1.3 .4 1.2 2 .7 C ream _______ _ _ ______. 20 7 7 O ther ta b le fa ts_______ _________ 6 .052 .078 .033 .051 .8 1.2 .6 .8 41 96 28 27 . 165 .168 164 .165 2 .8 2 .6 2 .8 2 .9 L a rd ____ ._ . - _____________ 21 . 138 .091 . 160 .157 2 .7 1.8 3 .2 3.1 61 13 27 V eg eta b le sh o rten in g ___________ 4 .056 .070 .050 .052 1.6 1.9 1.2 1.7 T a b le or coo k in g o ils .. . . . . __ 17 6 7 M a y o n n a ise an d oth er salad 22 .090 .051 . 103 . 115 1.8 1.1 1.9 2 .2 57 12 23 d ressin g____ __ ____. . . _ 96 19 37 40 . 132 .104 . 120 . 179 4 .2 3 .2 3 .8 5.9 B a co n , sm o k ed . __ _ . . . ____ 3 .003 0 3 0 0 .010 (3) 0 .2 S alt sid e of pork _______ ________ 0 0 M e a t, p o u ltry , fish an d other sea 2. 725 2.167 2. 572 3. 564 69.0 50. 7 66.0 93 .8 food, to ta l ______ ______________ B eef: F resh: S tea k , p o rterh ou se, sir82 15 30 37 . 196 . 138 . 182 .279 5.9 3 .6 5.4 9 .2 lo in ____________ 10 .091 .076 .096 . 102 2 .3 2.0 2 .4 2 .5 33 9 14 to p rou n d __ 21 . 134 . 141 .111 . 157 2 .6 2 .5 2 .2 3 .2 60 16 23 oth er __ __ 12 . 126 .078 . 108 .203 2 .9 1 .8 2 .4 4 .7 27 7 8 R oa st, r i b ______________ 12 . 112 .097 .093 . 155 2.3 1.7 1.9 3 .5 27 7 8 c h u c k . _________ 10 3 4 3 .043 .037 .050 .039 o t h e r ___________ .9 .9 1.0 .9 B o ilin g , c h u c k __________ 58 20 25 13 . 152 . 185 . 154 . I l l 2 .8 3 .2 3 .0 2 .2 2 .017 .022 .011 .022 9 4 3 .2 .3 .2 .3 p la te . . . . ___ 6 .045 .037 .053 .043 18 6 6 o th e r___________ .9 .8 1.0 1.0 3 2 0 1 .005 .010 0 .006 . 1 .2 0 .1 C a n n ed ___ ________. . . ________ 2 .008 0 4 0 2 .009 .016 C orn ed _______________ ______ __ .1 0 .1 .3 2 .004 .008 .002 .002 9 5 2 .2 .2 D r ie d ________________________ .4 .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O th e r ... ---------------- ._ _ __ 0 0 0 0 60 9 23 28 .126 .074 . 122 , 188 3 .7 1.9 3 .6 5 .8 V eal: F resh , steak , ch o p s_____ __ 8 .076 .054 .071 . 109 1.8 1.1 1 .7 2 .6 r o a s t.__ . . . . _ 20 4 8 6 .056 .040 .048 .085 1.1 1.0 1 .2 1.1 21 6 9 s t e w . . . ______ _ 7 .039 .039 .043 .031 1.0 .9 1 .2 .9 L am b : F resh , c h o p s. _____ 19 4 8 4 .034 0 7 0 3 .025 .086 1.0 0 r o a s t _______ _____ .6 2 .5 13 4 3 6 .029 .037 .020 .034 s te w ____________ .6 .6 .4 .9 75 15 35 25 .179 .119 .223 . 182 5 .0 3 .2 6 .3 5.1 P ork: F resh , c h o p s .__ . . __ . . . 23 4 8 11 .104 .052 .090 . 182 2 .4 1.2 2 .2 4 .0 lo in r o a s t ____ _ _ 33 13 9 11 . 119 . 112 . 116 . 132 2 .7 2 .7 2 .4 2 .9 oth er . . . . _______ 20 2 5 13 .040 .009 .016 . 109 1.4 .4 S m o k ed h a m , slic e s_____ .7 3 .6 4 .091 .098 .083 .093 2 .6 2 .7 2 .6 2 .4 13 4 5 h a lf or w h . 2 .028 .006 .040 .036 7 1 4 .8 .2 1 .0 1.1 p ic n ic _____ P ork sa u sag e_____. . . . . . 40 8 17 15 .068 .052 .073 .081 1.8 1.4 1.9 2 .0 O ther p o rk _______ . . . __ 11 3 3 5 .023 .024 .014 .035 .5 .4 .3 .9 . 344 .242 . 334 . 471 10.4 6 .8 10. 4 14. 6 M iscella n eo u s m ea ts, to ta l O ther fresh m e a t .._ __ _ ___ ___ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B o lo g n a , fra n k fu rters_________ __ 119 33 48 38 .198 .166 .204 .224 5.0 4 .0 5 .4 5 .6 C ooked : H a m ______ _____ . . . 60 10 25 25 .068 .034 .063 . 114 3 .2 1.7 3 .0 5 .2 .2 .2 0 T o n g u e ___ _________ 6 2 0 4 .00 5 .006 0 .010 .4 L iv e r _______________________ _ _ 31 6 9 16 .035 .024 .029 .056 .8 .5 .6 1.5 20 3 10 7 .038 .01 2 .038 .067 1.2 .4 1.4 1.9 O ther m ea t p r o d u c ts___ __ _ P o u ltry : C h ick en , b roilin g________ 5 .053 .006 .041 . 122 1.3 .2 1 .2 2 .8 9 1 3 roast _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 4 4 7 .099 . 126 .052 . 138 2 .8 3 .3 1 .4 4.2 s t e w ... _ _ 10 3 6 1 .062 .070 .083 .024 1.7 1.8 2 .4 .7 0 0 T u r k e y _______ ___________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 .020 .022 0 O ther____ _ __ .4 0 ___ .048 .5 1.3 .202 . 156 .209 . 243 4 .7 3 .2 4. 7 6.3 F ish an d oth er sea food, to ta l____ F ish : F resh _______ _ _______ __ 70 15 28 27 . 146 .101 .151 . 187 3 .5 2 .2 3 .6 4.8 11 .047 .050 .042 .051 1.0 .9 C a n n e d ._ ________ _ 39 13 15 .8 1.3 4 2 2 . 1 .1 C u r ed -. __ ____________ 0 .005 .005 .008 0 .1 0 0 O ysters ________________ _____ 1 0 0 1 .001 0 0 .005 (3) 0 .2 .1 0 .2 0 O ther sea fo o d -_ _ _____________ 2 0 2 .008 0 0 .003 0 i T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e p erson s per fa m ily in 1 w e ek is c o m p u te d on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of p erson s ea tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , he w a s co u n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w as cou n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. W eek EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 198 T able 7. — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed N u m b e r of fam ilies A v . q u a n tity p urchased A verage exp en d itu re u sin g in 1 w eek per person U n i w eek per person 1 in 1 w e ek E co n o m ic E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E co n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilie s lie s sp en d in g F a m ilie s sp en d in g d in g per A ll per ex p en d i A ll A ll spexen per exp en d itu re d itu re fam i tu re u n it per fa m i u n it per year fam i u n itp enp er year year lies lies lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to an d der to an d der to an d $400 $600 over $400 $600 over $400 $600 ov er Item Food fo r U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n W eek — C o n tin u ed at H om e in 1 N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. 9. 544 7.007 9. 667 12.193 58.7 39.9 55.3 84. 7 P o ta to e s--------------------------------------- 168 36 64 68 2.480 1.919 2. 644 2.866 7.3 5 .4 7.1 9! 5 22 5 9 8 .087 .070 .077 . 121 .4 S w eetp o ta to es, y a m s------------------.4 .4 .6 . 174 . 193 . 182 . 152 1.8 1 .9 1.9 1 6 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D r ied c o r n _____________________ o‘ 41 12 18 11 .087 .10 4 .077 .082 .6 .7 B ean s: D r y _____________________ .5 .6 12 3 6 3 .027 .033 .038 .015 C a n n ed , d ried ________ .2 .3 .2 .2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B a k ed , n o t ca n n e d ___ 0 0 0 0 0 0 .005 .004 .007 .005 (3) (3) (3) (3) 3 1 2 P eas: B la ck -e y e d — _______ __ 5 1 1 3 .007 .004 .003 .014 .1 (3) (3) O ther_____ _ _ - _ .2 9 1 5 3 .006 .004 .008 .004 N u ts: S h elled ____ _____ .2 .2 .3 .1 10 3 5 2 .012 .011 .015 .010 .3 .2 .4 In sh e ll_________________ .2 20 7 8 5 .027 .033 .026 .022 .4 P ea n u t b u tte r _______ _______ .5 .4 .3 (3) .l 0 .003 0 .008 0 0 39 7 9 23 .070 .027 .038 .163 1.4 .5 T o m a to es: F re sh ______ _____ .8 3 .3 59 12 26 21 .164 .115 .174 .203 1.5 1.2 1.5 1 .9 C a n n e d ______ ____ 23 3 8 12 .082 .026 .094 .126 J u ice_______________ .7 .2 .8 1.3 19 6 6 7 .015 .012 .010 .026 Sauce, p a s t e ... ____ .3 .3 .2 .4 1. 375 . 982 1.300 1. 920 12.3 8.1 10 3 18.9 G reen an d le a fy v e g eta b le s, total 1 .002 0 2 0 1 0 .002 .005 (3) B ru ssels sp r o u ts____ __ _ - _ .1 (3) 90 23 35 32 .314 .245 .318 .385 1.3 1.0 C a b b a g e_______________ .2 1.8 48 16 14 18 . 119 .143 .086 .140 .6 .7 .5 S a u erk ra u t___________ . - - . .8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C o lla rd s________________________ 2 0 1 1 .004 0 0 .007 .005 (3) K a le _ _ ___________________ _____ (3) (3) L e ttu c e _ ________ ____________ 162 39 55 68 .229 .170 .236 .284 3 .2 2 .4 3.0 4.3 59 13 21 25 .154 .100 .134 .244 S p in a ch : F r e sh ________________ .9 .5 .8 1.5 7 1 3 3 .014 .005 .018 .017 .2 (3) C a n n e d . ___________ .2 .2 4 .020 .001 .034 .022 11 1 6 .1 (3) .2 O ther le a fy v e g eta b le s_________ .2 56 6 20 30 . 142 .033 . 123 .293 1.5 .3 1.3 3 .2 A sp aragu s: F r e s h _ ------6 1 2 3 .016 .005 .012 .033 C a n n ed ____ ______ .1 .2 .3 .6 6 1 3 2 .009 .004 .013 .007 .1 (3) .2 L im a beans: F re sh . _______ _ .1 11 5 2 4 .020 .034 .011 .018 C a n n e d . _ ____ .2 .3 .1 .2 36 10 12 14 .060 .054 .052 .076 B ea n s, sn a p (strin g): F r e s h .__ .7 .6 .6 1 .0 C an n ed 25 7 11 7 .055 .043 .060 .061 .4 .5 .6 .7 0 .004 .013 0 2 2 0 B ro cco li_____ _____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 0 .2 0 .1 0 20 1 6 13 .053 .013 .035 . 324 P eas: F re sh _____ ______ __ ___ .1 .3 1 .5 .6 57 13 23 21 .132 .103 .128 .170 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.8 C a n n e d __________ ______ 33 8 11 14 .028 .016 .031 .036 .5 P ep p e r s____________________ __ .5 .3 .9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O k r a ------------- ------------------0 .329 .234 . 337 .426 1. 7 1.2 1.8 2.1 Y ello w v e g eta b le s, t o t a l ________ C arrots_____ ___________ _ 148 33 60 55 .328 .234 .334 .426 1.7 1.2 1.8 2.1 1 0 1 0 .001 0 W in ter sq u a sh an d p u m p k in . .003 0 0 0 (3) (*) .940 .637 .901 1. 337 6 .8 3 .7 6 .6 10.9 O ther v eg eta b les, to ta l * ___ 18 5 5 8 .046 .044 .033 .068 B e e ts: F re sh ___ __ __________ .2 .2 .2 .4 2 .009 .008 0 C a n n ed _________________ 5 2 1 .023 .1 .1 0 .2 12 1 4 7 .028 .009 .017 .068 C a u liflo w er_____________________ .2 .3 .1 .7 111 24 45 42 .194 .117 .187 .29 0 1.6 .8 1.6 2 .5 C e ler y _______ ________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 C orn: O n ear___________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 . 7 17 24 .109 .066 .098 .172 1.1 .6 1.1 1 .8 C a n n e d _________________ 44 9 19 16 .08 0 .062 .091 .08 4 .9 .5 1.0 1 .0 C u c u m b er _________________ __ 2 1 1 0 .005 .007 .00 7 0 .1 E g g p la n t_______________________ .1 0 (3) O n ions: M a tu r e . __ _ _ _ 116 26 47 43 .422 .309 .414 .558 1.5 1 .0 1.5 2.1 15 1 5 9 .016 0 S p rin g ______________ _ .014 .038 .2 0 .2 .4 2 0 1 1 .002 0 0 .002 .005 (3) P a r sn ip s. _____________________ (3) (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S u m m er sq u a sh ____ _________ 0 .003 0 1 0 1 0 .001 0 0 W h ite tu rn ip s _ _________ 0 (3) (3) 3 0 2 1 .011 0 .1 0 .1 .013 .019 Y e llo w tu rn ip s, r u ta b a g a _____ .1 12 5 4 3 .017 .015 .022 .012 .2 .2 .3 O ther veg eta b les - - - - - - - .2 .3 1. 5 P ick le s an d o liv es .6 .1 1.723 1.317 1.584 2. 378 10.7 7 .9 9 .9 15.1 C itru s fru its, total _ _ _____ 83 20 30 33 .127 .111 .113 .166 1 .4 1 .2 1.3 1 .9 L e m o n s___________________ _____ O ranges___________ __________ 175 39 71 65 1. 372 1.113 1. 331 1.720 8 .0 6 .2 7.8 10.3 49 9 13 27 .216 .093 .136 .470 1 .2 .5 .8 2 .6 G rapefruit: F resh _____________ 3 0 1 2 .008 0 .1 0 .004 .022 C a n n ed ...................... .3 (3) i T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fam ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e b asis of th e n u m b er of persons eatin g m eals a t h om e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a person a te 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , h e w as co u n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If he ate less th a n 21 m eals h e w a s cou n ted as th e ap propriate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. 4 D o es n o t in clu d e p ick les a n d o liv e s. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p 380. TABULAR SUMMARY T able 7. 199 — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed q u a n tity p u r A vera g e ex p en d itu re N u m b e r of fam ilies A vcherage ased p er p erson 1 in 1 per u sin g in 1 w eek p erson 1 in 1 w eek w eek E c o n o m ic E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E c o n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilie s lie s sp en d in g F a m ilie s sp en d in g sp e n d in g per A ll per ex p e n d i A ll A ll per exp en d itu re d itu re fam i tu re u n it per fam i fam i uenxitp enp er u n it per year yea r year lies lies lie s U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to an d der to an d der to an d $400 $600 over $400 $600 over $400 $600 ov er Ite m Food F or U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 — C o n tin u ed N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. O ther fru its, to ta l __ _ _ _ _ __ 2. 105 1. 475 2. 326 2.475 13.8 9.1 14.0 19.1 A p p les: F resh . ________ __ 135 31 60 44 .993 .696 1.255 .944 4.4 3.1 5.2 4! 8 C a n n e d .__ ______ ______ .021 .022 6 0 3 3 .015 0 .1 0 . 1 .2 A p ricots: F resh _________ _____ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 .008 .005 .006 .013 C a n n ed . _ _ _ ____ 4 1 1 . 1 (3) .1 .2 B a n an a s ______ ______ 128 30 49 49 .598 .483 .642 .660 3.3 2.6 3 .5 3 .8 B erries: F re sh . _________ . . . 58 8 16 34 . 127 .042 .081 .289 1.9 .7 1.2 4 .2 C an n ed __ 4 0 1 3 .010 0 .004 .029 .2 0 .1 .4 Cherries: F r e sh .__ 1 0 1 0 .001 0 .003 0 0 .1 0 (3) 2 .015 0 C an n ed _____ _ 5 0 3 .1 0 .011 .036 .2 .2 G rapes: F re sh . _ _______________ 2 .006 .006 0 3 1 0 . 1 .1 0 .016 .2 C an n ed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P each es: F r e s h .. . . . __ . . . 2 1 0 1 .007 .023 0 0 .2 0 .1 0 22 4 7 11 .043 .016 .036 .084 C anned. _ _ _ _ _ _ .5 .2 .4 1.0 Pears: F resh ________ _ _ _ _ _ 1 .005 0 3 0 2 .013 0 0 .1 0 (3) 12 2 5 C an n ed ____ __ _ _ _ _ _ 5 .018 .011 .022 .020 .2 . 1 .3 .3 P in ea p p le: F re sh __ _ _ ______ 6 2 1 3 .017 .026 .002 .028 .2 .2 .1 .2 C a n n e d _____ _____ 26 3 9 14 .064 .021 .060 . 118 .2 .8 .8 1. 5 M e lo n s ._ __ _ __ ___ ______ 2 1 0 1 .011 .017 0 .019 (3) .1 0 .1 P lu m s: F resh ___ _____ ______ 1 0 1 .003 0 0 .001 0 0 (3) 0 (3) 4 1 1 2 .007 .008 .006 .008 C a n n e d ____ __ _ _ _ . 1 . 1 (3) .1 O ther fru it___ __ _______ 3 .014 .009 .018 .012 8 3 2 .1 .1 .1 .2 C ider ___ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G rape ju ic e . _______ __ ___ _ _ 2 1 1 0 .003 .004 .003 0 .1 .1 0 (3) O ther fru it ju ice s. _______________ 2 .010 0 .012 .016 5 0 3 .1 0 .2 .1 D ried : A p r ic o ts ___ _ __ ___ 4 1 1 2 .006 .004 .004 .010 . 1 .1 .1 .2 P ea ch es. __ __________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P ru n e s. _______________ 40 11 14 15 .084 .074 .080 . 102 .8 .9 .8 1 .0 R aisin s __ ___________ __ 28 5 14 .2 9 .034 .021 .038 .042 .4 .4 .4 D a t e s .. ___ ___________ 3 0 2 1 .003 0 .003 .005 (3) 0 . 1 (3) F ig s---------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O th er. _____ _______ _ .2 (3) (3) 3 2 1 .1 0 .005 .009 .003 .002 Sugars a n d sw eets, t o t a l , ________ 1.438 1.067 1.458 1.820 11. 2 7 .7 11. 4 14. 8 Sugars: W h i t e ____________ 151 38 59 54 1.238 .944 1.252 1. 545 7 .4 5.7 7 .4 9 .5 B r o w n ____ __ _ ___ 6 .030 .026 .020 .048 .2 .2 16 4 6 .1 .3 O ther sw eets: C a n d y . ___ _ 55 8 30 17 .085 .046 . 102 . 104 2.3 1.0 2.9 2 .9 Jellies, _ ____ 28 9 9 10 .045 .037 .055 .039 .7 .6 .6 .8 .2 M olasses, sir u p s._ 6 .040 .014 .029 .084 18 3 9 .6 .4 1 .3 0 O ther sw e e ts. _ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M iscella n eo u s, to tal 21.4 13.2 21. 5 31 .0 G e la t in e .______ _______ __ . 1 .1 2 .003 .003 .003 .005 .1 7 2 3 !i P a ck ag ed dessert m ix tu r es. . . 67 13 28 26 .060 .028 .078 .071 1.6 .8 2 .0 1.9 T e a .. . . . __ ______ ____ _ 71 16 30 25 .033 .022 .035 .043 1.8 1.2 1.9 2 .3 C o f fe e ... . . . . . . _______ __ 173 42 68 63 .301 .228 .294 .392 7.1 5 .0 7 .0 9 .6 C o c o a ... . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 .033 .049 .029 .020 25 8 12 .7 1.0 .7 .3 C h ocola te—_ . _ _ . . . _ _ _ _ . 1 .1 6 1 2 3 .005 .003 .007 .006 .2 .1 V in eg a r. _ . _ _ _ ____ . 5 .2 .4 .8 S a lt_________________________ . 5 .4 .6 .6 B a k in g p o w d er, y ea st, so d a . __ .7 . 2 .9 1 .0 .1 S p ices an d ex tra cts____ _____ _ .3 .5 .3 C atsu p s, sa u ces________ _ _ _ _ . 5 .1 .6 1 .0 T o m a to so u p _________ __ . . . .9 37 10 17 10 .070 .051 .088 .064 .8 1 .0 .9 O ther so u p s____________________ 32 12 11 9 .068 .062 .062 .083 1.0 1 .0 .9 1 .2 C od -liver o i l . ________ ____ __ 2 .008 .002 .009 .014 .7 .1 8 1 5 .9 1 .2 P ro p rieta ry food s______ 21 6 8 7 .033 .022 .026 .055 1.6 1.1 1 .5 2 .3 O ther f o o d s . _______ _ _ _ _ _ _ .2 4 .008 .005 .005 .016 .1 .1 6 1 1 .6 .4 S oft d rin k s co n su m ed at hom e__ 23 4 6 13 .091 .040 .070 .178 .9 .6 1 .9 O ther d rin k s co n su m ed at h o m e . 8 .134 .018 . 132 .264 2 .2 .5 1.6 4 .9 17 3 6 7 .2 5 .2 7 .0 9 .6 S ales ta x on food _ _ _ __ _____ 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a le n t fu ll-tim e p erson s per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of persons e a tin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a person ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , h e w a s c o u n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w as co u n te d as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s o n th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. W eek 53485°—40------14 200 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 7. — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in winter quarter, hy economic level C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S A ll fam i lies Ite m Item Food U sed ch a sed f o r in 1 at H om e and C o n s u m p tio n 66 4.19 3.64 A verage q u a n tity p u r ch ased per p e r so n 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per e x p e n d i A ll tu re u n it Der A ll fam i fam iyear lies lies U n - $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 over $600 an d over U n d er $400 $400 to $600 170 3. 36 2.92 N u m b e r of fam ilies su r v e y ed in w in ter q u a rter___________ A verage n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons 1 per fa m ily in 1 w e e k ------------------- ---------------------------------------A verage n u m b e r of food exp en d itu re u n its 2 per fa m ily in 1 w e e k _________ _ . . ._ ------N u m b e r of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m iles sp e n d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it p er yea r 61 43 2.99 2.60 2. 31 2.56 A verage ex p en d itu re per person 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it Der vear level- — amines speuuiiig pei exp en d itu re A ll fam i u n it per year lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 to an d der der to and $400 $600 over $400 $600 ov er P u r at H o m e W eek T o ta l________________________________ G rain p rod u cts, to ta l____________ B read and oth er b a k ed goods, to ta l________________________ B read: W h ite ________________ G r a h a m ,w h . w h ea t E y e __________________ C rack ers______________________ P la in ro lls____________________ S w e et rolls____________________ C o o k ies_______________________ C a k es_________________________ P ie s ___________________________ O th er_________________________ R e a d y -to -ea t cereals---------------F lo u r an d oth er cereals, to t a l.. F lou r: W h ite -----------------------G rah am ______________ O th er________________ C orn m e a l____________________ H o m in y ______________________ C orn sta rch ___________________ R ic e ___________________________ R o lled o a ts___________________ W h e a t cereal_________________ T a p io c a ______________________ S a go___________________________ M a c a r o n i, sp a g h e tti, n o o d le s_____________________ O ther grain p ro d u cts________ E g g s---------------------------------------------M ilk , cheese, ice cream , to ta l____ M ilk : F resh , w h o le— b o ttle d .. lo o se____ sk im m e d ________ b u tte r m ilk an d oth er__________ S k im m ed , d ried ________ E v a p o ra ted an d condsd. C heese: A m erica n _____________ C o tta g e_______________ O ther_________________ Ic e c r e a m _______________________ N o. 154 22 19 83 16 28 30 28 8 59 140 1 19 27 10 14 39 60 30 7 0 55 0 150 156 1 1 4 0 61 70 19 20 16 N o. 59 7 6 31 2 8 10 15 1 23 55 1 7 17 3 3 12 31 10 3 0 21 0 55 60 0 1 3 0 26 23 4 6 5i N o. 60 7 8 35 6 11 10 7 3 21 51 0 5 8 4 7 18 22 9 1 0 20 0 55 57 1 0 1 0 22 29' 9 6i 3l N o . 35 8 5 17 8 9 10 6 4 15 34 0 7 2 3 4 9 7 11 3 0 14 0 40 39 0 0 0 0 13 18 6 8 8 L b. 4.381 2 . 593 2 . 017 .111 .051 .204 .032 .055 .035 .056 .028 .004 .084 1.704 1.100 .002 .056 .093 .028 .009 .075 .157 .069 .006 0 .109 0 .682 4 . 912 4 . 319 .018 .017 .061 0 .262 . 104 .039 .031 .061 . L b. L b. 4 . 417 4.505 2 . 524 2.596 2 . 093 1.999 .066 .070 .035 .050 .191 .259 .010 .020 .040 .062 .031 .033 .051 .062 .007 .037 .004 0 .074 .083 1.819 1.826 1.172 1.306 .003 0 .053 .045 . 157 .041 .016 .019 .008 .008 .058 .076 .202 . 138 .056 .050 .006 .004 0 0 .088 . 139 0 0 .575 .684 4.176 5.901 3. 585 5 . 281 .058 0 .035 0 .106 .032 0 0 .269 .270 .083 . 140 .020 i .051 .020 l . 036 . 058 ' . 033 L b. 4.079 2.754 1.860 .286 .091 . 146 .106 .082 .048 .057 .066 .012 . 108 1. 217 .584 0 .083 .020 .072 .011 .114 .077 .132 .012 0 .112 0 .944 5.097 4 . 568 0 0 0 0 .200 . 100 .066 .048 .115 C t. C t. C t. C t. 230.7 188.5 249. 5 302.8 38.5 36.0 39.4 41.7 26.0 24.3 26.1 29. 5 17.7 18.4 17.1 17.0 1.0 .6 .7 2.4 .5 .3 .5 1.0 2.4 2.2 2.9 1.9 .5 .1 .4 1.5 .9 .7 1.1 1.3 1.1 .8 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.5 .4 .1 .4 1.0 .1 0 .1 .2 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.9 10.9 10. 2 11. 6 10.3 5.3 5.3 6.3 3.4 0 0 (3) (3) .7 .4 1.0 .7 .4 .6 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 .5 .1 .1 .1 .1 .5 .3 .5 .7 1.2 1.5 1.0 .7 1.1 .8 .8 2.0 .1 .1 .1 .2 0 0 0 0 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.9 0 0 0 0 14.7 12.4 14.5 20.9 27.0 22. 0 32.1 31. 2 19.8 16.3 24.1 21.4 .2 0 .1 0 .1 0 0 (3) .2 .4 .1 0 0 0 0 0 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.3 2.4 1.7 3.3 2.8 .4 .2 .6 .7 .9 ' .5 .9 1.8 1. 01 .8 .5 2.2 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is com p u ted on th e basis o f th e n u m b er of persons ea tin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals du rin g th e w eek , he w as co u n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If he ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w as co u n ted as th e ap propriate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 2 T h e n u m b e r of ex p en d itu re u n its per fam ily in 1 w eek is com p u ted on th e basis of th e exp en d itu re u n its rep resen ted b y th e e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons eatin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . 3 L ess than 0.05 cent. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 380. 201 TABULAE SUMMARY T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued Item Food U sed ch a sed fo r in 1 at H om e C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed g e q u a n tity p u r N u m b e r of fam ilies A vera ch ased per p e r so n 1 in 1 u sin g in 1 w eek w eek E con o m ic E co n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g F a m ilie s sp en d in g A ll per ex p en d i A ll per exp en d itu re fam i tu re u n it per fa m i u n it per year lies year lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 to an d der to an d der $100 $600 over $400 $600 over and C o n s u m p tio n W eek ~ - C o n tin u ed A v erage exp en d itu re p er person i in 1 w eek E co n o m ic lev el— F am ilies sp e n d in g p er A ll d itu re fam i uexn itp enp er y ea r lies U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 o v er P u r- at H o m e N o . N o . N o . N o . L b . L b. L b. L b . C t. C t. C t. C t. 1.171 1.072 1.145 1. 465 26.9 22.9 26. 3 38.0 B u t t e r ------------------------------------------ 122 39 45 38 .321 .260 .305 .500 11.2 8 .9 10.6 17.8 15 1 4 10 .033 .002 .033 . I l l . 1 .7 3 .3 C ream _ ______________________ . . .9 6 .188 .229 .195 .079 2.8 3.3 3 .0 1.2 61 32 23 O th er ta b le fa ts___________________ 145 58 51 36 .374 .355 .381 .411 5.7 5 .4 5.8 6 .3 L a rd _______________________________ 5 .014 0 V eg eta b le s h o r te n in g ____ _____ 9 1 3 .016 .049 .3 0 .3 1.0 1 .010 0 2 1 0 T a b le or coo k in g oils__ . . ____ .1 0 0 .049 0 .6 M a y o n n a ise an d oth er salad 48 15 19 14 .058 .042 .067 .082 1.4 d r e ssin g . ______ __ .9 1.6 2 .2 66 23 23 20 . 160 .160 .148 . 178 4.3 3.9 4.3 5.4 B a co n , sm o k ed ___________________ 5 4 0 1 .013 .024 0 S a lt sid e of p o rk _____________ _ .006 .2 .4 0 .2 M e a t, p o u ltr y , fish an d oth er sea 2.633 2.131 3. 234 2.933 50. 2 38.1 59.9 64. 5 B eef: F resh : S tea k , p o rterh ou se, 56 13 21 22 . 221 .097 .270 .448 5.8 2.4 7.1 12.1 sirlo in ___ __ . 4 .096 .091 .122 .066 2. 1 1.9 2.7 1.5 26 10 12 top refund -----36 16 15 5 .254 . 131 .539 .093 3.0 1.7 5.9 1 .6 other 7 7 19 5 .094 .076 . 119 .097 1.8 1.2 2.3 2.1 R o a s t,r ib .. _ 31 19 7 5 . 188 . 256 . 128 . 119 2. 9 3. 9 2. 0 1. 9 ch u ck . . . . 2 1 1 .022 . 037 .013 0 0 .4 .7 o th e r .. ________ .2 0 41 18 12 11 . 171 . 192 . 119 .202 2.4 2.6 1.6 3 .1 B o ilin g , c h u c k _______ 2 .022 .010 .038 .024 8 2 4 p la te . . . . .3 .1 .5 .4 7 2 2 3 . 037 .031 .027 .068 o t h e r __________ .5 .4 .3 1.1 2 0 1 1 .004 0 C an n ed ... ... — .003 .015 .1 0 .2 .2 2 1 0 1 .004 .003 0 C orned _ _ ____ _____ .012 .1 .1 0 .2 5 2 2 1 .002 .002 .003 .003 D r ie d ______ _ --------- -------- . .1 .1 .1 .2 0 0 0 0 0 O ther ___________________ — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 5 10 8 .058 .024 .073 . 117 1.4 V eal: F resh , stea k , ch op s --------.5 2.1 2 .6 1 .047 .047 .044 .049 1.0 1.0 .8 1 .5 7 2 4 ro a st______ . . 5 3 1 1 .015 .025 .007 .007 s te w ______________ __ .4 .3 .1 1 .4 L a m b : F resh , c h o p s_____ _____ 3 0 2 1 .003 0 .1 0 .010 0 .2 0 2 0 2 0 .010 0 r o a s t . ____ . . . . .030 0 .2 0 .7 0 ste w __ _ _ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P ork : F resh , c h o p s. _ _ ------- . . 57 19 21 17 . 160 . 123 . 162 .247 4.0 3.0 4 .4 6.0 3 .059 .024 . 155 .043 1.1 9 2 4 lo in ro a st----- --- . .6 1.8 1.0 3 .083 .078 .097 .074 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.0 oth er . . . . . . . 17 5 9 23 4 11 8 .069 .069 .077 .054 1.5 1.0 2.1 1.6 S m ok ed h a m , slic e s .. . . . h a lf or w h. 4 0 3 1 .039 0 . 113 .016 .9 0 2 .6 .4 p ic n ic . _ 5 2 3 0 .018 .006 .049 0 . 1 .8 0 .3 P ork sa u sag e_______ _ __ 40 17 17 6 . 102 . 105 . 124 .060 2.1 2.0 2 .6 1.5 O ther p o rk . _ 7 1 3 3 .042 .017 .079 .043 .2 1.2 .8 .7 M iscella n eo u s m ea ts, to ta l . 299 . 281 304 . 329 5 4 5.0 5. 5 6. 2 O ther fresh m e a t . _ _____ 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 32 23 13 . 183 . 192 . 183 . 158 3 .2 3 .6 3.0 2.6 B o lo g n a , fra n k fu rters___ . C ooked : H a m . . . ______ _ _ 19 4 8 7 .035 .021 .037 .064 .9 .5 1.1 1.7 1 0 0 1 .005 0 .1 0 T o n g u e _______ __ _ 0 .025 .6 0 .4 1.2 .9 L iv e r . . . . ___________ ______ 23 4 12 7 .050 .038 .071 .045 .8 9 3 3 3 .026 .030 .013 .037 .4 .5 O ther m e a t p ro d u cts _________ .2 .4 13 3 6 4 . 101 .060 .124 . 165 2 .2 1.2 2.6 4 .0 P o u ltry : C h ick en , b r o ilin g . __ 5 . 130 .091 . 156 . 184 2.6 1.5 3.3 4.1 r o a s t.. _ . 13 2 6 7 3 1 3 .047 .046 .023 .087 1.1 1.2i .5 1.8 s te w ____ _____ 1 1 0 T u r k e y _____ ________ 0 .022 .045 0 0 .5 1.1 0 0 2 1 1 0 .035 .031 .061 0 O th er_______ ____________ .4 1.2 0 .6 F ish an d oth er sea food, to ta l_____ . 179 . 133 . 165 .311 3. 5 2.7 3 .0 6 .2 F ish : F r e sh ______ . . . _______ 26 9 9 8 .079 .059 .066 .147 1.5 1.1 1.4 2 .6 20 7 6 7 .052 .036 .057 .082 C a n n e d ______________ ____ .7 .6 i .5 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C u r e d _____________________ 0 0 0 0 20 7 6 7 .044 .038 .042 .062 1.2 1.0i 1.1 2 .0 O y sters_______________________ 1 0 0 1 .004 0 0 .020 1 .1 0 0 O ther sea fo o d _________ __________ •2 1 T h e n u m b er of eq u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fam ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of p erson s e a tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson a te 21 m ea ls d u rin g th e w e ek , h e w a s cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w e ek . If h e a te less th a n 21 m ea ls, h e w a s co u n ted as th e ap p ro p riate d ecim al e q u iv a le n t fu ll-tim e p erson . N otes on th is table are in appendix A , p. 380. 202 T BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H IT E N u m b e r of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lie s sp en d in g A ll per ex p en d i fam i tu re u n it per year lies U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 over Ite m Food fo r F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed A vera g e q u a n tity p u r A verage exp en d itu re ch ased per p erson in 1 p er person in 1 w e ek w eek 1 E co n o m ic E co n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilie s F a m ilie s sp en d in g sp en d in g per per ex p en d itu re A ll exp en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i u n it per year fam i lies U n $400 $600 lies U n $400 $600 der an d to der to a n d $400 $600 over $400 $600 o v e r U s e d a t F lo r a e a n d P u r c h a s e d C o n su m p tio n W eek — C on tin u ed at H om e in 1 N o . N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. 9.656 9. 383 9.509 10. 574 45.5 35. 0 47.8 66 6 150 59 54 37 3.832 4. 969 2. 907 2.533 4.9 5.9 4.1 3! 8 P o ta to es _ __ _______ __ 9 .136 . 106 .143 .202 30 11 10 S w eetp o ta to es, y a m s -----------------.7 .7 .7 .8 .366 .381 .398 . 281 3. 5 3. 2 2. 7 4.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D r ied corn __________ ___________ 0 0 0 0 o' 71 35 22 14 .212 .249 .228 .097 1.3 1.6 B ean s: D r y ------------------ ------.2 .7 14 5 6 3 .046 .050 .050 .031 C an n ed , d r ie d . ______ .3 .3 .5 .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B a k ed , n o t c a n n ed ____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P eas: B la c k -e y e d --------------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O th er___ ____- -_ . . . 0 0 4 1 2 1 .004 .001 .010 .002 N u ts: S h e lle d .. ___ ___ ___ .1 (3) .2 .1 14 3 6 5 .042 .005 .053 . 116 .9 In sh e ll. __ __ _ ___ .3 1.0 2 .6 28 14 9 5 .062 .076 .057 .035 .9 1.0 P ea n u t b u tte r . _ ------- ----------.8 .6 0 ' 0 0 O th ed d ried leg u m es an d n u ts . 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 2 2 .014 .008 .013 .030 .2 T o m atoes: F resh . --------------------.1 .2 .3 77 30 30 17 .170 .149 .195 .185 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.5 C a n n e d .. _ _ _ _ -----16 6 2 8 .037 .032 .008 .097 .4 .2 .1 1.4 J u ice_________________ 5 3 2 0 .008 .016 .002 0 . 1 . 1 (3) S auce, p a ste_____ 0 1.061 .743 1.112 1.772 7.9 5.2 8.5 14.6 G reen an d lea fy v eg eta b les, to ta l _ 2 0 2 0 .005 0 .013 .006 B ru ssels sp r o u ts. ___________ .1 0 .2 .1 81 26 32 23 .392 .306 .426 .552 1.2 .9 1.4 1.8 C a b b a g e________________________ 28 8 12 8 .086 .059 .127 .084 S a u er k r a u t. ___ -------------.5 .4 .7 .6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C ollar d s ____________ ______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K a l e . . . ________________ ___ 0 0 0 99 33 34 32 .216 .141 .192 .440 2.4 1.6 2 .2 4.7 L e ttu c e ______ __. ____________ 11 2 1 8 .043 .022 .004 .160 S p in a ch : F r e s h ... ._ . ._ . . .4 .2 (3) 1.5 24 5 9 10 .070 .032 .085 .142 C a n n ed ____ — . .7 .3 .9 1.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O th er le a fy v eg etab les --------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A sp aragu s: F re sh _____ _ _ 0 0 0 0 5 0 2 3 .007 0 C a n n e d . ____ . . . .008 .023 .1 0 .1 .5 6 3 2 1 .009 .008 .013 .006 L im a beans: F r e sh . ... . . 1 .1 .1 .1 6 2 1 C a n n e d ______ 3 .011 .007 .005 .035 .1 .1 (3) .4 5 0 2 3 .016 0 B ea n s, sn a p (strin g ): F r e sh .__ .010 .067 .1 0 .1 .4 23 8 10 5 .036 .023 .039 .060 C an n ed .3 .2 .4 .6 0 0 0 0 0 0 B roccoli _ . . . __ ------------ --0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 .007 .014 0 P eas: F r e sh . _ . . . ... . 0 .1 .2 0 0 52 14 22 16 .155 .123 .178 .195 1.7 1.1 2.2 2.4 C a n n e d . ______ __ . . . 6 1 4 1 .008 .008 .012 .002 P ep p e r s____________________ _ . 1 . 1 .2 (3) O kra __________ ___________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 154 .071 . 179 .314 1. 0 .4 1 1 1.9 Y e llo w v eg eta b les, to ta l. 48 10 20 18 .127 .050 .168 .249 C a r r o t s .._____ _______ .8 .3 1.0 1.5 4 .027 .021 .011 .065 W in ter sq u a sh an d p u m p k in . 7 2 1 .2 .1 .1 .4 .849 .643 1.088 .971 6. 5 4. 5 8. 7 7. 8 O ther veg eta b les, t o t a l4 ______ B eets: F r e sh . _ . ------------------3 0 1 2 .009 0 0 .048 .1 0 0 .2 C a n n e d _________________ 13 4 5 4 .015 .007 .017 .031 .1 l3) .1 .4 7 1 4 2 .018 .004 .038 .018 C a u liflo w e r _______ _________ __ .1 .3 .6 .3 78 28 27 23 .244 .186 .267 .351 2 .0 1.6 2.2 2.8 C e ler y _______________________ 0 0 0 C orn: O n ear_______ . . . _ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C a n n e d . ______________ 60 26 22 12 .146 .144 .154 .136 1.5 1.3 1.7 1.5 1 0 1 0 .001 0 .002 0 C u c u m b er _____________________ 0 0 (3) (3) 1 0 1 E g g p la n t. _ ----------------------------.021 0 0 .007 0 .1 0 0 (3) 76 32 22 22 .312 .233 .430 .317 1.3 1.0 1.6 1.6 O n ions: M a t u r e .___________ 1 0 0 S p rin g________________ 1 .002 0 0 .012 (3) .1 0 0 4 1 2 P a r sn ip s_______________________ 1 .017 .013 .027 .012 .1 .1 .2 .1 S u m m er sq u a sh . _____________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 4 7 W h ite tu rn ip s. _ ______________ 5 .067 .044 .115 .046 .2 .3 .4 .2 4 1 3 .1 Y e llo w tu rn ip s, ru ta b ag a_____ 0 .011 .012 .017 0 .1 .1 0 1 0 0 O ther v eg eta b les_______ ________ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 7 . 1 1.7 P ick les an d o liv e s________ ___ .6 C itru s fru its, to ta l_______ _ _ 1.191 .848 1.135 2.126 7 .8 5 .2 7.3 14.4 24 5 5 14 .046 .028 .032 .114 L e m o n s_____________________ __ .5 .2 .3 1.4 O ranges_______________________ . 100 32 38 30 .814 .645 .874 1.131 5.5 4.1 5.9 8 .2 42 14 9 19 .314 .172 .204 .843 1.6 .9 G rapefruit: F re sh . _ . . . _ . .9 4.4 7 1 3 .2 (3) .2 .4 C a n n e d . . . . ____ 3 .017 .003 .025 .038 1 T h e n u m b er of eq u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e b asis of th e n u m b er o f persons ea tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , h e w a s cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e p erson for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w as cou n ted as th e ap p rop riate decim al eq u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. 4 D o e s n o t in clu d e p ick les an d o liv es. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 380. TABULAR SUMMARY 203 T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — Continued Number of families using in 1 week Item Economic level— Fami lies spending per expendi All ture unit per famiyear Average quantity pur chased per person in 1 w eek1 All fami- U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Food Used at Home and Purchased for Consum ption at Home in 1 W eek — Continued Other fruits, total______________ Apples: Fresh________________ Canned______________ Apricots: Fresh______________ Canned____________ Bananas-----------------------------------Berries: Fresh_______________ Canned______________ Cherries: Fresh______________ Canned____________ Grapes: Fresh___ ___________ Canned____________ Peaches: Fresh_______________ Canned_____________ Pears: Fresh_________________ Canned__ _____________ Pineapple: Fresh_____________ Canned___________ Melons______________________ Plums: Fresh________________ C anned._ ___________ Other fru it___________________ Cider________________________ Grape juice__________________ Other fruit juices______________ Dried: Apricots______________ Peaches_______________ Prunes_______________ Raisins_______________ Dates________________ Figs------------------------------Other________________ Sugars and sweets, to ta l-^ ______ Sugars: W h ite_______________ Brown. _____________ Other sweets: Candy_________ Jellies__________ Molasses, sirups. Other sweets____ Miscellaneous, total____________ Gelatine_____________________ Packaged dessert mixtures_____ Tea______________________ Coffee_______________________ Cocoa. ____________________ Chocolate___________________ Vinegar______________________ S alt_________________________ Baking powder, yeast, soda____ Spices and extracts___________ Catsups, sauces______________ Tomato soup_________________ Other soups__ ________________ Cod-liver oil_________________ Proprietary foods_____________ Other foods__________________ Soft drinks consumed at home. _ Other drinks consumed at home. Sales tax on food_______________ N o. N o. N o. Lb. .009 .007 .015 .392 .024 .006 .004 .005 .014 .320 .017 .006 .010 .008 .017 .481 .014 .002 .018 .010 .013 .425 .058 .012 .045 .036 .003 .002 .010 .040 .040 '. 032 .026 . 106 .021 .040 .066 0 .007 0 .001 .005 0 .005 .019 .006 .008 .018 .155 .005 .065 .089 156 30 42 43 28 61 10 17 16 9 55 12 14 16 7 17 12 33 154 26 5 3 5 15 60 12 3 7 4 10 57 6 1 7 3 8 37 8 1 14 12 5 3 6 6 5 4 4 1 1 1 5 4 0 2 4 1 4 4 4 1 0 1 4 6 1 Lb. 2. 063 .942 0 0 0 .518 .009 .015 0 .015 0 0 .012 . 129 0 .052 0 . 121 0 0 0 .028 0 0 0 .012 0 .054 .088 .031 .025 .012 1. 784 1. 420 .108 .088 .034 . 134 0 38 0 0 0 26 2 2 0 6 4 0 0 18 0 3 0 8 0 1 6 0 1 0 0 1 2 5 7 0 Economic level— Families spending per A ll expenditure fami- unit per year $600 and over 2. 329 1.475 0 0 .006 .516 .019 0 0 .005 .075 0 0 .056 0 .006 0 .052 0 .013 .012 0 .017 0 0 .002 .013 .021 .036 0 .003 .002 1. 694 1.437 .098 .080 .016 .063 0 40 1 0 1 23 0 4 0 6 4 1 0 13 1 7 0 6 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 0 9 7 3 1 1 11 Lb. $400 to $600 1.838 1. 417 26 1.071 .856 .002 .004 0 0 0 0 .004 .003 0 18 .415 .307 1 .008 0 1 .003 0 0 0 0 .012 .015 3 .037 .026 0 0 0 0 .002 0 1 12 .070 .050 0 0 0 4 .019 .014 0 0 0 .058 .036 7 0 0 0 .004 0 0 1 .009 .010 1 .005 0 .005 0 0 .001 1 (5) 0 0 0 .005 .005 1 .004 0 0 .040 .046 5 .042 .027 6 .012 .012 3 1 .006 .001 1 .005 .004 1. 587 1. 436 40 1.302 1.166 8 .078 .052 11 .074 .063 .013 .003 11 12 . 120 .152 0 0 104 1 0 1 67 3 7 0 15 8 1 1 43 1 14 0 21 0 2 9 1 1 2 0 3 2 19 20 6 2 3 0 l Un der $400 Lb. N o. Economic level— Families spending per expenditure unit per year Average expenditure per person in 1 week 1 U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over C t. C t. 11 1 4.7 8 3 12. 8 16. 0 3.7 6.2 L 8 0 0 (3) 0 0 0 . 1 0 (3) 1.6 2.7 2.7 .2 .2 0 .2 0 0 0 0 0 .2 .1 .1 .3 .6 0 0 0 0 .2 0 0 .6 .8 1.6 0 0 0 .2 .1 .7 0 0 0 .5 .7 1.7 0 0 0 .1 0 0 .1 .1 0 0 0 .3 .1 0 0 0 0 (3) 0 0 0 .2 .1 (3) .2 0 0 .5 .7 .3 .4 1.0 .3 .2 0 .6 .1 .7 (3) .3 (3) (3) 8 8 10 8 15.1 6.5 7.8 8.4 .3 .6 .7 1.0 1.4 4.0 .4 .3 (3) ' 1.0 .7 1.6 0 0 0 13. 3 18.7 24.8 .2 .3 .8 .4 .2 .2 .8 .8 1.1 7.7 11,3 11.7 .3 .3 .8 .1 .1 .3 .7 .6 .5 .7 .9 .8 .1 .4 .6 .1 .4 .2 .4 .2 .6 .4 .8 .3 .2 .4 .7 0 .8 0 .2 0 (3) .1 .1 .5 .1 .2 1.5 .3 1.0 4.6 (3) 0 (3) 2.2 .1 (3) 0 .1 .3 0 (3) .8 0 .2 0 .8 0 (3) .1 .1 (3) (3) 0 .1 .1 .5 .5 .2 .2 .1 10. 7 7.3 .5 1.7 .2 1.0 0 17. 2 .3 .2 .9 9.6 .4 .2 .6 .7 .•4 .2 .4 .4 .4 .4 .1 .2 .4 1.4 C t. C t. 1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person, 3 Less than 0.05 cent. s Less than 0.0005 pound. Notes on this table are in appendix A* p. 380. 204 T able EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level D E T R O I T , M I C H .—W H I T E F A M IL IE S Economic level— Families spending per expenditure unit per year All fami lies Item Under $400 $400 to $600 Number of families surveyed in spring quarter---------------Average number of equivalent full-time persons1 per family in 1 week-------------------------------------------------------------Average number of food expenditure un its2 per family in 1 week________________________________________________ Number of families using in 1 week Item Food Used at H om e and Purchased for C onsum ption at Home in 1 Week Total ________ -Grain products, total __ _ Bread and other baked goods, total __ _ __ _ Bread: W hite. Graham, wh. wht._ R ye--------------------------Crackers. . Plain rolls_________ ________ ______ __ Sweet rolls. Cookies . . . ____ . Cakes________ _ ____________ Pies----------O ther. . . _ ______ Ready-to-eat cerea Is____. . . Flour and other cereals, total. Flour: W h ite___ __ _. . . Graham . . . . Other_________ _____ Corn meal _ . . _ __ H om iny____ _. __ _______ Cornstarch__________ __ . . . Rice___ _ _ ------------ . . . Rolled oats._ . . ... . ._ W heat cereal_____ _____ _____ Tapioca____ ______ Sago--------------------------------------M a c a r o n i, s p a g h e tti, noodles. _ _ _________ . Other grain products____ __ Eggs--------------------------------------------M ilk , cheese, ice cream, total__ M ilk : Fresh, whole— bottled.. loose____ skimmed_____ _ buttermilk and other____ __ _ Skimmed, dried_______ Evaporated and con densed_______________ Cheese: American__________ Cottage__________ . . . Other_________________ Ice cre a m ... _ . . . _____ $600 and over 262 77 97 88 3.74 5. 37 3. 51 2. 55 3.17 45.2 2. 96 2. 23 Average quantity pur chased per person Un 1 week Average expenditure per person 1 in 1 week Economic Economic level— Fami Economic level— level— Families lies spending Families spending spending per A ll per expendi A ll A ll per expenditure expenditure fami ture unit per fami fami unit per year unit per year year lies lies lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to and and der to der to and $400 $600 over $400 $600 over $400 $600 over N o. No. No. N o. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. 4. 932 4. 993 4. 987 4. 748 Ct. Ct. Ct. 3. 262 2.064 .314 .260 . 176 .024 , 109 . 130 . 100 .050 .035 .131 1.539 1.012 0 .033 .021 .003 .025 . 130 . 121 .059 .009 0 3. 293 2.136 .301 .328 . 155 .027 .088 . 125 .095 .034 . 004 .094 1. 606 1.125 0 .044 .016 .007 .019 . 100 . 106 .048 .004 0 3. 406 1.960 .388 .212 . 189 .037 . 176 . 158 . 154 .065 .067 . 162 1. 180 .621 0 .020 .024 0 .028 . 148 . 127 .059 .017 0 31. 6 29.0 28. 8 39 1 16.2 16.0 15.8 17.1 2.8 2.5 2.4 3.8 2.3 2.8 1.8 1.9 2. 1 1.8 2.4 2. 3 .4 .4 .2 .6 1.6 1.2 1.1 2.9 2.4 1.7 2.2 4.0 2.4 2.0 1.3 4.0 .8 .5 .8 1. 2 .1 .6 . 8 1. 3 2.2 1.7 2.5 2.7 9. 9 9.6 11.0 9.1 4.7 5.0 5.4 3.2 0 0 0 0 .3 .3 .2 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 0 (3) (3) (3) .2 .2 .3 .3 .9 .6 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.2 .8 1.0 1.0 1.2 .8 1.0 .2 .1 .2 .4 0 0 0 0 83 0 0 . 126 0 .770 5. 530 4. 840 .032 .016 . 107 . 136 .137 0 0 0 .635 .858 . 885 4. 628 6.074 6. 373 4. 018 5. 344 5. 590 0 .093 0 .047 0 0 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.7 0 0 0 0 13.8 11.2 15.1 16.6 35. 7 29.0 39.0 43. 3 27. 1 22. 5 30.0 31.3 .3 .1 0 0 .2 .1 0 0 4 0 1 0 . 103 .008 . 114 . 103 .085 0 .018 0 34 39 14 21 13 33 33 16 23 22 .305 .081 .049 .042 .054 .321 .053 .045 .020 .039 236 81 61 122 23 53 90 57 22 75 20 21 37 8 11 28 15 5 84 34 25 50 5 19 30 18 9 77 27 15 35 10 23 32 24 8 135 42 50 43 158 0 15 12 2 34 79 75 58 18 0 52 59 0 0 4 7 5 4 2 (3) 11 13 29 27 25 31 17 29 2 8 0 0 47 0 4 3 0 10 23 19 12 8 0 120 0 253 43 0 75 41 0 94 36 0 84 243 2 1 69 0 0 91 2 1 11 1 6 1 105 101 42 53 44 38 29 12 9 9 3. 132 2.046 .283 .210 . 192 .012 .090 .118 .071 .059 .051 . 155 1. 700 1.131 0 .028 .026 .001 .031 . 156 . 135 .074 .011 0 Ct. 275.1 205. 2 292. 4 375. 2 43. 7 40. 3 42. 3 50.9 .264 .098 .042 .041 .042 .339 . 108 .068 .082 .101 .7 .1 .6 .1 1.0 0 0 2.5 2.0 .6 1.2 1.3 2.5 1.3 .5 .6 .9 2.4 2.3 .5 1.3 1.0 2.8 2.9 1.0 2.3 2.6 .4 1The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person. 2The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. 3 Less than 0.05 cent. Notes on this table are in appendix A , p. 380. 205 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued D E T R O IT , M I C H — W H IT E Number of families using in 1 week Item Food Used at H om e and Purchased for Consum ption at Home in 1 week —Continued Eats, total______ ____ _________ B utter______________________ Cream______________________ Other table fats______________ Lard________________________ Vegetable shortening---------------Table or cooking oils__________ Mayonnaise and other salad dressing___________________ Bacon, smoked_______________ Salt side of pork______________ M eat, poultry, fish and other sea food, total_________________ Beef: Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sir loin_________ top round___ other________ Roast, rib__________ chuck_______ other________ Boiling, chuck_______ plate________ other________ Canned___________________ Corned____________________ D ried_____________________ Other...--------------------------------Veal: Fresh, steak, chops_____ roast____________ stew____________ Lamb: Fresh, chops__________ ro a st..__________ stew_.___________ Pork: Fresh, chops___________ loin roast_______ other___________ Smoked ham, slices____ half or whpicnic____ Pork sausage__________ Other pork_-__________ Miscellaneous meats, total______ Other fresh m eat---------------------Bologna, frankfurters________ Cooked: H a m _______________ Tongue_____________ L iver_______________________ Other meat products_________ Poultry: Chicken, broiling_____ roast________ stew________ T u rk e y ______________ Other________________ Fish and other sea food, total___ Fish: Fresh_________________ Canned_______________ Cured_________________ Oysters_____________________ Other sea food_______________ Economic level— Families spending All per expendifami ture unit per lies year Un- $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over F A M I L I E S — Continued Average quantity pur chased per person * in 1 week Average expenditure per person 1 in 1 week Economic level— Families spending All per expenditure fami unit per year lies U n $400 $600 der and to $400 $600 over Economic level— Families spending per A ll expenditure fami unit per year lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over No. No. No. No. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. 219 47 54 188 24 17 61 2 25 63 6 7 87 11 22 71 12 5 71 34 7 54 6 5 116 119 5 29 24 3 37 53 2 50 42 0 1.173 0.870 .284 .417 .082 .008 .113 .146 .244 .194 .029 .018 .072 .050 . 117 .116 .005 .071 .068 .009 1.228 1.650 .432 .641 .045 .276 .122 .038 .272 .286 .038 .033 .024 .040 . 114 .208 .148 .158 .003 0 2. 544 2. 078 2.636 3. 279 82 64 74 46 33 9 65 6 17 6 9 5 0 52 26 23 21 12 4 98 39 33 23 14 9 61 13 13 19 34 9 14 0 25 •2 5 1 1 2 0 7 9 11 2 2 1 20 13 14 6 5 4 20 4 26 31 25 19 5 5 26 3 6 2 5 1 0 25 8 5 7 6 3 41 17 15 6 5 2 22 4 43 14 15 18 14 4 14 1 6 3 3 2 0 20 9 7 12 4 0 37 9 4 11 4 3 19 5 0 123 52 4 28 8 13 12 13 0 46 19 1 11 2 4 4 4 0 46 18 1 9 4 3 3 7 0 31 15 2 8 2 6 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 58 78 8 15 16 2 4 4 0 0 23 35 3 2 2 20 27 3 2 2 .302 . 137 .061 .120 .115 .103 .125 .122 .147 .196 .119 .098 . 174 . 113 . 181 .278 .052 . 107 .109 . 187 .026 0 .047 .040 . 154 . 153 .178 . 121 .014 .011 .011 .020 .036 .029 .056 .030 .004 .014 .009 .010 .012 .012 .008 .001 .004 .002 .002 .003 0 0 0 0 .074 .122 .038 .088 .096 .081 .076 . 156 .049 .053 .048 .043 .023 .010 .016 .059 .061 .012 . 126 .053 .006 .004 .012 0 .144 .224 .164 .085 .137 .110 .183 .120 .075 .099 .072 .038 .024 .062 .016 .011 .087 .065 .097 .108 .040 .044 .031 .047 .088 .088 .076 .108 .028 .035 .013 .036 .296 .289 .298 .306 0 0 0 0 .182 .204 .208 .213 .061 .047 .043 .043 .004 .012 .002 .001 .031 .037 .031 .027 .015 .014 .004 .010 .054 .142 .023 .031 .032 .064 .063 .107 .104 .062 .040 .040 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .207 .116 .072 .135 .081 .046 .250 .126 .0 1 1 .0 0 8 .013 .005 .005 .003 0 .005 0 .1 0 1 Ct. Ct. Ct. Ct. 30.3 20.4 32.5 44.9 15.0 10.2 15.6 22.9 1.9 .2 1.1 6.3 1.8 2.2 2.1 .6 4.1 4.6 3.3 4.8 .6 .8 .6 .3 1.0 1.4 .8 .8 2.1 3.7 .1 60.3 44.5 3.9 3.0 2.6 4.2 2.2 .6 2.7 .2 .4 .2 .2 .1 0 2.1 2.2 .9 .7 1.3 .2 4.1 3.6 1.6 .8 2.2 .8 2.3 .6 7.5 0 4.8 1.7 .1 .7 .2 1.4 1.8 1.6 0 0 .280 .166 .078 .014 1.2 2.0 .2 4.3 2.2 1.6 .3 1.6 2.5 3.0 2.2 2.2 0 2.5 .1 .3 f3) (3) .1 0 1.1 1.9 .9 .3 .3 .1 2.3 2.7 2.0 .3 1.5 .8 2.0 .9 7.1 0 4.8 1.5 .1 .6 .1 .8 1 .8 1 .0 0 0 2.2 1.2 .8 .2 2.0 4.6 .1 3.8 5.3 0 63.4 83. 5 3.2 3.3 2.5 4.6 1.1 1.0 3.2 .3 .4 .2 .3 .1 0 2.5 1.7 .9 .5 2.6 .3 4.7 4.9 1.6 .6 2.7 .7 2.1 .4 7.8 0 5.0 1.7 (3) .7 .4 .5 9.2 3.4 2.2 7.4 3.9 1.1 2.5 .2 .6 .2 .3 .1 0 3.3 3.6 1.0 1.8 1.2 0 6.4 3.2 .6 2.0 2.4 1.1 3.0 .6 7.9 0 4.4 2.0 .2 1 .1 2.7 .2 3.7 3.3 .9 0 0 0 0 5.2 2.5 2.2 .3 6.4 3.4 2.1 .4 .2 .3 .8 .0 0 8 .1 0 .1 .014 .1 0 .1 1The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the num ber of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person. 3 Less than 0.05 cent. Notes on this table are in appendix A , p. 380. 206 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued D E T R O I T , M I C H .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S — Continued Num ber of families using in 1 week Item Economic level— Fami lies spending All per expendi ami- ture unit per year lies Un $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Average quantity pur chased per person 1 in 1 week Average expenditure per person 1in week Economic level— Families spending per expenditure A ll unit per year fami lies Un $400 $600 and der to $400 $600 over Economic level— Families spending per A ll expenditure fami unit per year lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Food Usedat Home andPurchased for Consumption at Home in 1 No. No. No. No. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Week— Continued Vegetables and fruits, to ta l4___ Potatoes ________ __ _ __ _____ Sweetpotatoes, yams____________ Dried legumes and nuts, total Dried corn,. _______ ____ Beans: D ry_______ __________ Canned, dried___ _____ Baked, not canned___ Peas: Black-eyed _ _ _______ __ Other ______ ____ __ _ Nuts: Shelled___________________ In shell________ ______ __ Peanut butter______ _ ___ __ Other dried legumes and n u ts... Tomatoes: Fresh_____ ______ _ Canned- __________ Juice___ _____ Sauce, paste ___ _ __ Green and leafy vegetables, total Brussels sprouts________ ______ Cabbage___ ____________ _ _ _ Sauerkraut __ ______________ Collards_________ ____________ K a l e ._ ____ __ _ ________ - - L e ttu ce _______________________ Spinach: F r e s h ._________ __ Canned. ___ ___ _ . Other leafy vegetables______ Asparagus: Fresh. _________ Canned____ ___ . Lima beans: Fresh _________ Canned_________ Beans, snap (string): Fresh.__ Canned. Broccoli____ __ _______ __ . . . . Peas: F r e s h --------------------------Canned_________________ Peppers_________________ Okra____ ______________________ Yellow vegetables, total. _ _____ Carrots___ ____________________ Winter squash and pumpkin.. Other vegetables, total 4__ __ Beets: Fresh______ _ _ _ _ _ _ Canned----------------------Cauliflower...................... __ Celery_________________________ Corn: On ear__________ C a n n e d __________ . . . Cucumber____________________ Eggplant______ ___________ Onions: Mature _ . . . ____ Spring_______ _____ Parsnips, _ _ ______ Summer sq u ash _____ _____ W hite turnips_______________ Yellow turnips, rutabaga____ Other vegetables.__ ___ . . . _ Pickles and olives. _ Citrus fruits, to ta l._ __ _ L e m o n s___ __ _ ___ _ __ Oranges________ _ ____ Grapefruit: Fresh____________ Canned _ _ ._ _ 3 9 8 51 0 27 19 0 40 6 4 1 4 6 3 9. 425 3. 072 .070 . 181 0 .050 .046 0 .002 .020 .007 (2) .056 0 .105 .123 .082 .011 1.347 0 .392 .055 0 .003 .255 .100 .027 0 .094 .027 .003 .018 . 115 .060 .001 .034 .156 .007 0 .297 .285 .012 .806 .026 .026 .024 .231 .001 .094 .042 0 .221 .035 .024 0 .012 .056 .014 7.100 2. 854 .048 .203 0 .051 .084 0 .003 .011 .003 0 .051 0 .020 . Ill .020 .008 .937 0 .330 .058 0 .007 . 179 .059 .021 0 .032 0 .004 .011 .059 .059 0 .017 .100 .001 0 .217 .212 .005 .546 .022 .016 .004 .133 0 .073 .027 0 .141 .038 .010 0 .004 .064 .014 28 72 36 0 1.506 .106 .927 .459 .014 .918 .078 .600 .240 0 220 21 67 5 82 9 71 7 0 38 24 0 3 15 13 3 47 0 16 14 0 2 3 1 0 17 0 13 3 0 1 8 6 1 25 0 9 7 0 0 4 6 2 5 66 97 42 10 7 32 4 5 24 45 18 1 35 20 20 4 0 117 36 0 2 196 46 22 0 29 15 3 13 64 40 1 20 111 17 0 0 38 16 0 2 50 10 7 0 3 1 1 4 11 16 0 4 32 2 0 0 38 15 0 0 75 24 3 0 11 4 1 7 28 12 0 7 44 7 0 0 41 5 0 0 71 12 12 0 15 10 1 2 25 12 1 9 35 8 0 169 2 49 0 69 1 51 1 13 22 16 146 1 72 38 0 128 32 12 1 8 22 9 4 5 1 35 0 20 5 0 39 13 2 0 1 8 4 6 8 7 60 1 25 14 0 49 13 6 0 3 8 2 82 201 83 5 23 53 15 0 31 76 32 5 1 See footnote 1, p. 207. 3 Less than 0.06 cent. 4 Does not include pickles and olives. Notes on this table are in appendix A , p. 380. 10.396 3.284 .083 . 193 0 .054 .008 0 .001 .032 .012 .001 .085 0 .130 .162 .107 .002 1.402 0 .381 .073 0 0 .259 .135 .016 0 .086 .016 .003 .028 .129 .048 0 .030 .186 .012 0 .346 .331 .015 .871 .032 .022 .028 .258 .004 .087 .035 0 .248 .035 .036 0 .011 .056 .019 12. 229 3.152 .091 . 122 0 .041 .036 0 0 .016 .008 .001 .020 0 .224 .089 . 159 .028 2. 021 0 .523 .024 0 0 .389 .123 .056 0 .220 .093 .003 .014 .198 .081 .004 .072 .211 .010 0 .368 .347 .021 1.187 .022 .050 .056 .370 0 .142 .079 0 .327 .032 .032 0 .028 .040 .009 L 610 2. 428 . 112 .147 .964 1. 474 .494 .807 .040 0 Ct. Ct. Ct. Ct. 49.1 30.4 55. 2 3.3 2.7 3.7 .3 .2 .3 2.0 1.7 2. 5 0 0 0 .3 .2 .4 .4 .6 .1 0 0 0 (3) (3) (3) .2 .1 .3 .2 (3) .3 0 (3) (3) .9 .8 1.4 0 0 0 1.3 .2 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.4 .7 .2 .9 .1 .1 .1 10.4 6.7 11.2 0 0 0 1.3 1.2 1.1 .4 .4 .5 0 0 0 .1 0 (3) 2.7 1.9 2.6 .8 .5 1.0 .3 .2 .2 0 0 0 .5 .1 .6 .2 .0 .3 (3) (3) (3) .2 .1 .3 1.0 .5 1.1 .5 .5 .4 0 0 (3) .3 .1 .3 2.0 1.1 2.4 .2 (3) .4 0 0 0 1.5 1.1 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.8 (3) (3) (3) 6.6 3.9 6.9 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 (3) .3 1.7 .9 1.8 0 (3) (3) .8 1.0 1.0 .4 .2 .4 0 0 0 1.2 .8 1.3 .3 .3 .3 .1 (3) .1 0 0 0 .1 (3) .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .2 .4 .9 .9 9.6 5.6 10.5 .7 .5 .8 7.3 4.4 7.7 1.5 .7 1.6 .1 0 .4 6 Less than 0.0005 pounds. 73. 7 4.1 .5 1 6 0 .2 .3 0 0 .2 .5 .1 .3 0 3.4 .9 1.5 .3 16. 0 0 1.8 .1 0 0 4.2 .9 .6 0 1.2 .7 (3) .1 1.7 .8 .1 .7 2.8 .3 0 2.1 2.0 .1 10.9 .1 .5 .7 2.7 0 1.6 1.0 0 1.7 .3 .1 0 .2 .1 .1 1.8 15.9 1.0 12.1 2.8 0 207 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 7.— Food used at home and 'purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued D E T R O IT , M IC H .—W H IT E F A M IL IE S —Continued Number of families using in 1 week Item Economic level— Fami lies spending per expendi A ll ture unit per fami year lies Average quantity pur chased per person 1 in 1 week All fami lies Economic level— Families spending per expenditure unit per year Economic level— Families spending per expenditure A ll fami unit per year lies $600 and over U n $400 $600 der and to $400 $600 over U n der $400 U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over $400 to $600 Food Usedat Home andPurchased for Consumption at Home in 1 Week— Continued No. No. No. No. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Apples: F r e sh _______________ __ C anned------------------------Apricots: Fresh_________ _ Canned___ ______ __ __ Bananas____________ ________ __ Berries: F r e s h .-------------C a n n e d ------------ _ _ _ Cherries: F r e sh _________ . __ Canned— ___ ___ _ Grapes: Fresh___________ C anned.. ___ __ . ___ Peaches: Fresh_______ ___ _ __ C a n n e d ... _________ Pears: Fresh_________________ _ Canned_________________ Pineapple: Fresh______ ___ _ C a n n e d _________ __ M elon s.. _ _______ __ _ _ __ Plums: Fresh. _ ___________ Canned __ _ __ _ Other f r u i t . . . _________ _ ______ Cider______________________ ___ Grape j u i c e . -----------------------------Other fruit juices Dried: Apricots______ ______ Peaches. __ ___ __ __ Prunes__________ ___ R aisin s... _ _ _ D a te s.. _ - . ___ _ Figs--------------------------------Other________ -__ _ Sugars and sweets, total __ __ _ Sugars: W h ite. ____________ 181 10 0 4 146 41 22 1 18 0 2 1 57 1 32 5 39 1 0 7 7 0 8 3 5 0 61 43 11 3 2 50 4 0 1 41 4 5 0 7 0 0 0 12 0 6 0 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 17 11 1 1 0 75 3 0 0 61 15 10 1 9 0 2 0 34 0 19 3 12 0 0 4 2 0 5 1 3 0 27 21 3 1 0 56 3 0 3 44 22 7 0 2 0 0 1 11 1 7 2 21 1 0 2 4 0 2 2 1 0 17 11 7 1 2 1.825 .837 .018 0 .003 .475 .068 .012 0 .011 0 .018 0 .065 0 .029 .016 .060 .010 0 .007 .013 0 .012 .003 .004 0 .093 .055 .010 .004 .003 1.020 .793 Average expenditure per person 1 in 1 week 1.218 .624 .021 0 0 .338 .021 .011 0 .012 0 0 0 .045 0 .010 0 .021 0 0 0 .002 0 .010 0 .001 0 .067 .030 .003 .002 0 1.037 .839 2.206 1.006 .012 0 0 .543 .062 .008 0 .013 0 .051 0 . 110 0 .053 .020 .060 0 0 .013 .015 0 .012 .004 .009 0 . 114 .082 .082 .006 0 1.716 1. 492 2. 360 .972 .018 0 .013 .624 .162 .022 0 .007 0 0 0 .035 0 .026 .038 . 131 .043 0 .010 .032 0 .016 .009 .003 0 . 109 .058 .019 .005 .008 1. 468 1.182 Ct. Ct. Ct. Ct. 12. 2 3.9 .1 0 7.0 14. 5 16. 5 2.6 4.8 4.9 .1 .1 .1 0 0 0 .2 0 0 (3) 2.6 3.3 1.9 3.0 1.0 2.4 .3 .8 .2 .1 .1 .3 0 0 0 0 .1 .1 .1 .1 0 0 0 0 .1 0 .2 0 0 0 0 0 .7 1.1 .4 .5 0 0 0 0 .3 .1 .5 .3 .2 .2 .1 0 .7 .3 .7 .7 0 .2 0 (3) 0 0 0 0 .1 .1 .1 0 . 1 (3) .3 (3) 0 0 0 0 .2 .2 .1 .3 .1 0 .1 (3) . 1 (3) .2 .1 0 0 0 0 1.2 1.0 1.2 .6 .6 .5 .3 .9 .2 (3) .2 .4 . 1 (3) .3 (3) .1 0 0 (3) 9.3 6.6 10.9 11.2 72 6.0 4.4 7.7 6.4 226 68 86 .2 .3 _____ 34 13 14 .3 .3 Brown - __ 7 .038 .033 .040 .045 1.2 .8 1.3 1.6 Other sweets: C a n d y .______ 51 15 21 15 .049 .036 .060 .056 Jellies. ___ 64 22 27 15 .057 .076 .041 .046 .8 .7 .7 .8 .5 Molasses, sirups. _ 15 .083 .053 .083 . 139 1.0 .9 2.1 50 16 19 0 Other sweets__ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Miscellaneous, total ____ 25.1 16.8 25. 5 40.5 .012 .013 .014 .009 .4 22 .3 .3 .4 G e la tin e... __ __ _ _ _ __ 8 6 8 .5 1.0 1.4 21 Packaged dessert mixtures. _ .035 .019 .047 .046 .9 58 15 22 Tea________________ ____ _ 44 .050 .036 .053 .072 2. 7 1.6 2.6 4.8 128 38 46 7.4 6.5 6.8 10.2 Coffee________ _ _____ _ 236 72 88 76 .287 .256 .260 .384 Cocoa______ _ . ___ . . . . _ .034 .039 .036 .022 .5 .6 .6 .3 48 20 19 9 .2 .1 1 6 1 .006 .003 .012 .002 .3 (3) Chocolate_____ . _____ ____ .2 .2 .2 .3 Vinegar. ______ __ ___ _ .5 .4 .3 .5 Salt_________________________ .4 Baking powder, yeast, soda___ .5 .3 .7 .3 .2 .2 .4 Spices and extracts.____ ______ .7 .5 1.1 Catsups, sauces___________ _ _ .7 .072 .069 .066 .085 54 20 19 15 .9 Tomato s o u p ... _ _______ .9 .9 1.2 .5 1.1 1.9 Other soups___________ _ ___ 54 14 21 .075 .041 .080 . 131 1.0 19 1.6 1.3 1.6 2.1 Cod-liver oil___________ . . . _. 26 8 11 7 .015 .011 .016 .023 .3 1.3 1.6 Proprietary foods. . . . _ . 25 5 11 9 .018 .008 .024 .025 .9 .1 1 .3 5 3 .010 .010 .015 (5) .3 .5 Other foods----------------------- _ _ 9 .1 .2 1.7 11 2 .5 Soft drinks consumed at home. __ 3 6 .058 .018 .028 .177 2.1 12.1 14 6.1 Other drinks consumed at home. 71 25 32 .555 .226 .663 1.043 5.8 Sales tax on food. _ 1 7.8 6.0 8.5 10.6 i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person. 3 Less than 0.05 cent. 6 Less than 0.0005 pound. Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 380. 8 208 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued G R A N D R A P ID S , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S All fami lies Item Economic level— Families spending per expenditure unit per year $600 and over Under $400 $400 to $600 Number of families surveyed in spriDg quarter--------------Average number of equivalent full-time persons 1 per family in 1 week-------------------------------------------------------------Average number of food expenditure units2 per family in 1 week____________________________________________________ Number of families using in 1 week Item Economic level— Fami lies spending per expendi All fami ture unit per year lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over 130 58 49 23 3. 55 4. 33 3.15 2.44 3.03 3. 67 2. 66 2.20 Average quantity pur chased per person1in 1 week Average expenditure per person 1 in 1 week Economic level— Families spending per expenditure All unit per year fami lies U n $400 $600 der and to $400 $600 over Economic level— Families spending per All expenditure fami unit per year lies Un $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Food Usedat Home andPurchased For Consumption at Home in 1 Week No. No. No. No. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Total _________ - - - - Grain products, total _ __ _ Bread and other baked goods, total . _ _ _ Bread: W hite_______________ Graham, wh. wheat. R ye-------------------------Crackers. _ Plain rolls_____ -----------Sweet rolls _________ Cookies.. _______ __ -Cakes _ _ P i e s _____ . . . . - -_ Other _______ __ Ready-to-eat cereals---------- Flour and other cereals, total Flour: W hite _ ---------Graham. _ ___ __ Other______ _ _ Corn meal ________ ______ — H o m in y ._______ . ... _ Cornstarch . . . Rice____________________ - Rolled oats. _ . _ --------Wheat cereal___ . - ... Tapioca____ _. ------------------Sago __________ . . . ---------Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles. Other grain products . Eggs--------------------------------------------M ilk, cheese, ice cream, total___ M ilk : Fresh, whole— bottled._ loose___ skimmed. __ buttermilk and other___ __ _. Skimmed, dried____ __ Evaporated and con densed _ ________ Cheese: American _ _ . . . . . . Cottage. ___ . . . Other. ________ __ _ Icecream. . _______ _______ 121 53 20 63 16 24 59 24 15 53 19 10 30 7 7 31 8 5 45 25 8 23 6 12 21 10 7 23 9 2 10 3 5 7 6 3 68 29 29 10 107 6 14 5 3 22 35 52 31 13 0 54 0 125 48 5 5 3 1 11 16 27 12 5 0 27 0 54 42 1 7 2 2 7 16 21 13 8 0 20 0 49 17 0 2 0 0 4 3 4 6 0 0 7 0 22 126 0 4 56 0 3 48 0 1 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 201 16 31 28 6i 9 4 4 10i 1 5 5 7 3 1 0' 1 41 64: 22: 11 12: 0I 1 4.084 4.070 4.128 4.038 2. 534 2.428 1. 634 1.641 .313 .226 .106 .154 .155 . 129 .030 .033 .042 .027 .145 .140 .051 .031 .019 .007 .039 .040 .128 .098 1.422 1. 544 .937 1.061 .024 .045 .054 .038 0 0 .008 .011 .011 .006 .085 .099 .118 .137 .062 .061 .013 .007 0 0 .107 .082 0 0 .746 .664 5. 640i 5.231 5.130| 4.713 ■0 0 .092: . 129 3. 025 2. 009 .402 .028 .169 .024 .084 . 120 .117 .036 .036 .170 .843 .551 0 .061 0 0 0 0 .024 .082 0 0 .125 0 1.046 6.152 5. 640 0 0 0 0 2. 529 1.486 .421 .057 .192 .027 .052 .161 .061 .033 .039 .161 1. 438 .874 0 .078 0 .020 .024 .094 .122 .058 .028 0 .140 0 .772 6.124 5. 624 0 .067 .008. 0 .016 0 .175i .118; .059i .013; .045i .165 .115■ .025 .008■ .060i 0 0 .199 .134 .057 .018. .025.* Ct. Ct. Ct. Ct. 213.7 176.0 237.7 315. 7 37.0 34.6 38.6 4 4 ! 0 25.6 13.6 3.0 1.1 2.0 .4 .8 2.4 1.3 .4 .6 2.1 9.3 4.7 .2 .5 0 .1 .1 .5 .9 .9 .2 0 1.2 0 12.5 30.0 24.0 0 .1 23. 5 13.2 2.1 1.6 1.8 .4 .6 2.1 .7 .3 .7 1.6 9.5 5.1 .3 .5 0 (3) .1 .6 1.0 .7 .2 0 1.0 0 11.2 27.8 21.7 0 .2 26.4 12.9 3.9 .6 2.3 .4 .9 2.7 1.6 .6 .5 2.6 9 6 4*. 4 0 .4 0 .1 .2 .5 1.0 1.0 .4 0 1.6 0 13.3 32.4 26.3 0 .1 33.7 1L 3 4.3 .4 2.6 .3 1. 7 3.0 2.9 .4 .8 3 !l 7. 2 3’. 4 0 .8 0 0 0 0 .2 1.4 0 0 1.4 0 16.3 34 6 27.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7 2.9 .6 .4 .4 1.3 2.0 2.1 .9 .6 .1 .1 .152 1.4 1.3 .087 2.6 2.6 .221 .6 .3 .022 .4 .4 .030 1 .8■ 1.2 1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person. 2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units represented b y the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data ap& s than 0.05 cent. Notes on this table are in appendix A , p. 380. 209 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 7 .— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued G R A N D R A P ID S , M I C H —W H IT E F A M IL IE S —Continued Number of families using in 1 week Item Food Usedat Home andPurchased for Consumption at Home in 1 Week—Con tinued Butter____ - - - - - - - Cream. __ ___ -------------Other table fats_ ___ ____ Lard-------------------- - --------Vegetable shortening___ - Table or cooking oils.. _ Mayonnaise and other salad dressing___ ___ __ Bacon, smoked,__ _ ___ Salt side of pork____ M eat, poultry, fish and other sea Economic level— Fami lies spending per expendi All fami ture unit per year lies U n - :$400 $600 der to and $400 !$600 over No. No. No. Average quantity pur chased per person1in 1 week Average expenditure per person1 in 1 week Economic level— Families spending per expenditure All unit per year fami lies U n $400 $600 and to der $400 $600 over Economic level— Families spending per All expenditure fami unit per year lies U n $400 $600 der and to $400 $600 over Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. No. 98 28 46 88 3 4 39 6 26 45 1 1 38 12 16 31 1 2 21 10 4 12 1 1 39 49 10 16 19 8 16 21 2 7 9 0 1.080 0. 931 1.174 1.655 .252 .343 .381 .646 .081 .023 .086 .331 .179 .207 .177 .063 .255 .249 .263 .260 .008 .042 .008 .024 .007 .001 .008 .028 .108 .079 .020 .084 .048 .025 .131 .100 .020 .148 .155 0 1.982 1.662 2.103 3.081 Beef: Fresh: Steak, p o r te r h o u s e , sirloin __ - top round. _ other,_ ______ Roast, rib_ chuck___ other... __ Boiling, chuck _ plate. , ___ other._ , Canned. _ ___ ----- --C orned.. _ __ ----------------- _ Dried. __ ___ ______________ ____ ________ O th er... Veal: Fresh, steak, chops. roast_____ __ __ stew__ Lam b: Fresh, chops. . _ ______ 41 28 5 29 9 8 20 1 8 4 7 13 33 10 12 5 3 17 9 2 8 5 6 12 0 5 4 2 6 18 1 5 1 0 18 12 2 15 2 1 8 1 1 0 4 4 10 5 4 3 1 6 7 1 6 2 1 0 0 2 0 1 3 5 4 3 1 2 .157 .202 .130 .085 .052 .098 .017 .008 .030 .186 .105 .275 .072 .072 .053 .068 .085 .031 .121 .129 .143 .008 0 .024 .044 .036 .006 .002 0 .001 .025 .010 .003 .010 .010 .011 .107 .113 .088 .022 .002 .035 .109 .091 .100 .020 .008 .026 .008 .010 0 .154 .199 .024 .303 .121 .097 0 0 .077 0 0 .012 .130 .075 .213 .061 a. a. a. Ct. 26.7 21.4 28.7 44.6 12.6 9.9 13.2 22.6 1.8 .5 7.6 1.7 3.0 3.4 3.2 1.2 4.4 4.2 4.5 4.6 .2 .1 .2 .5 .1 (3) .1 .6 1.8 2.4 .4 1.4 1.4 .5 2,1 3.3 .4 2.8 47 0 39.3 30.0 44.4 67.8 3.5 1.9 .3 3.5 1.3 1.3 2.0 .1 .4 (*> .3 .4 1.7 .6 2.2 .3 2.5 1.0 .2 1.9 1.3 1.4 2.3 0 .5 (3) .1 .3 1.8 (3) 1.8 .1 5.1 2.2 .4 5.2 1.0 .5 2.4 .3 .1 0 .6 .4 1.4 .9 2.0 .4 3.7 4.8 .4 6.4 2.3 3.2 0 0 .6 0 0 .6 2.1 1.9 4.6 1.1 .2 0 .057 .2 1.3 4 .9 0 4 .047 0 .387 roast ___ . 0 0 7.5 0 0 0 0 0 stew 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4 2.4 2.3 3.2 32 15 12 5 .094 .094 .086 .110 Pork: Fresh, chops___ __ 1.4 loin roast 10 3 3 4 . 058 .032 .067 .148 .6 1.7 4.1 21 9 .072 .046 .067 .206 1.6 other , ... 9 3 .9 1.5 4.5 .8 1 Smoked ham, slices___ 6 2 3 .033 .042 .012 .048 .9 .4 1.4 2 .016 .014 .024 0 .3 .5 0 half or wh_ 1 1 .3 0 picnic___ 2 .048 .032 .091 0 1.0 3 1 0 .7 1.8 0 1.2 1.3 24 13 4 Pork sausage. .056 .063 .035 .082 .7 1.9 7 0 0 Other pork. 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Miscellaneous meats, total .252 .215 .313 .249 5.5 4.1 7.0 7.6 .2 .1 Other fresh m ea t... _ _ - __ 2l .010 .004 .024 0 .2 1 1 0 .7 Bologna, frankfurters. _ .. . . . . .149 .141 .184 .090 2.9 2.6 3.6 1.9 51 21 24 6 .025 .013 .032 .062 5 5 .5 1.4 2.5 18i 1.0 Cooked: H a m ,. __________ 8 Tongue____ ______ 0 0 0 0 0i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .034: .037 .040 0 .5 15. .5 .7 0 8 7 0 L ive r. __ _ _ ------------------.034 .020 .033 .097 Other meat products. . .9| .4 1.1 2.5 161 6 3 7 1 .3 0 .8 0 Poultry: Chicken, broiling .... 0 .010i 0 .031 0 0i 1 roast... _ 1 .1 .2 0 0 1 0 .005i .009 0 0 0i stew_. . _ .012! 0 .9 0 1 .036 0 .3; 0 1 0 0i Tu rkey. . . . _ ___ . C1 0l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 Other. . . __ ______ ___ 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 3.5i 3.4: 3.7 4.6 Fish and other sea food, total. _ .2461 .247' .200i .328 1.5i 1.7 1.2: 1.5 2 . 125i .144: .072! .191 255 131 7 Fish: Fresh____ _______________ .098> .089i .097' .137 1.7’ 1.5i 1.7 3.1 6 Canned _ 4fi t 15i .2! .2! .3 0 Al 5! 5! 0 .011. .014: .012! 0 C ured .. _____ ________ _ .1. 0 .4 0 .016; o l C1 55 0' .005i 0 Oysters, _ ___ _________ ____ 0' .003i o 0 .1 0 .001. 0 Other sea food . . _ ... _ ]L C) 1 (3) 1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. I f a person ate 21 meals during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. I f he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person. 3 Less than 0.05 cent. Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 380. 24 210 T EAST NORTH C E N TR A L REGION a b l e 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued G R A N D R A P ID S , M I C H — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — Continued Num ber of families using in 1 week Item Economic level— Fami lies spending per expendi All fami ture unit per year lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Average quantity pur chased per person1 in 1 week Average expenditure per person 1 in 1 week Economic level— Families spending per expenditure All unit per year fami lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Economic level— Families spending per All expenditure fami unit per year lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Food UsedatHomeandPurchased for Consumption at Home in 1 No. No. No. No. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Week— Continued Vegetables and fruits, to ta l4 __ _ ----------Potatoes__________ Sweetpotatoes, yams _____ Dried legumes and nuts, total_ Dried corn__ _ __________ _ Beans: D ry ___ __ _______ __ Canned, dried- __ _ Baked, rot canned___ Peas: Black-eyed_______ __ Other ________ ___ Nuts: Shelled._ ___ _ __ _ In shell. ___ __ __ __ Peanut butter______________ __ Other dried legumes and nuts Tomatoes: Fresh______ _____ Canned___ Juice. _ _ _ _ _ _ Sauce, paste___ _ Green and leafy vegs., total__ Brussels sprouts____________ __ Cabbage- ___________________ _ Sauerkraut ____________ ___ Collards_______________________ _______________- . _ K a le .. Lettuce. _____________________ Spinach: Fresh___ _______ __ C anned-. __________ Other leafy vegetables_____ _ Asparagus: Fresh— ______ Canned___ __ ___ Lima beans: Fresh____ _ ___ Canned____ _ _ Beans, snap (string): Fresh___ CannedBroccoli ______ _ __ _ _ ___ Peas: Fresh-_ ________ _______ Canned__________ __ Peppers. ___________________ Okra._ ________ _________ _ _ Yellow vegetables, total. _ Carrots. _ __________ ____ Winter squash and pum pkin. Other vegetables, to ta l4 _ _ ___ ______ Beets: Fresh— Canned. _ _ _ _ _ . _ Cauliflower. ________ C e le r y .___________________ Corn: Onear__ _____ ___ C anned.. __ _ _ _ Cucumber __________ Eggplant------------------------------Onions: M a t u r e . _______ Spring.. ___ _ . Parsnips_______ _______ Summer squash _____ W hite turnips. __ _______ Yellow turnips, rutabaga. __ _ Other vegetables. ___ _ _ _ Pickles and olives.. Citrus fruits, total__ ____ _____ Lem ons__________ ______ Oranges. _ _____ _______ Grapefruit: Fresh. ____ Canned _ _ __ 0 0 0 0 8. 521 3.320 .022 . 194 0 .107 .003 0 .016 .012 .006 .001 .049 0 .022 .105 .018 .001 1.048 .003 .283 .035 0 0 .173 .028 .090 .008 .101 .013 0 .012 .044 .070 0 .005 .183 0 0 .318 .272 .046 .518 0 18 5 46 1 40 7 0 61 4 8 0 1 9 7 13 0 19 0 20 2 0 32 1 4 0 0 3 3 4 1 16 1 13 1 0 17 3 4 0 0 5 3 1 4 11 0 7 4 0 12 0 0 0 1 1 1 .006 .013 . 141 .003 .102 .012 0 . 132 .006 .034 0 .012 .046 .011 27 76 33 7 10 29 11 2 9 34 13 3 13 123 6 56 1 44 5 23 o 0 28 2 0 6 3 10 2 27 0 14 0 0 2 2 4 1 16 0 14 1 0 1 1 4 1 10 6 0 1 0 3 0 2 0 1 7 75 7 6 0 40 3 3 1 26 3 0 6 9 1 3 1 57 16 0 0 99 11 23 1 13 7 1 5 10 38 0 1 52 1 0 0 26 10 0 0 44 1 8 0 3 2 0 4 1 19 0 0 17 0 0 0 21 4 0 0 41 5 9 1 6 3 1 0 6 13 0 1 21 1 0 1 10 2 0 0 14 5 6 0 4 2 0 1 3 6 0 0 14 0 0 76 6 29 3 32 2 15 1 8 9 2 1. 254 .050 .734 .454 .016 6. 868 2.799 .007 . 172 0 .103 0 0 .009 .013 .003 .001 .043 0 0 .094 .008 0 .832 0 . 254 .041 0 0 .154 .002 .060 0 .060 .011 0 .016 .008 .066 0 0 .160 0 0 .231 .182 .049 .414 9. 710 12. 695 4.036 3. 687 .055 0 .260 . 121 0 0 .153 0 .010 0 0 0 .008 .073 .016 0 .014 0 0 0 .059 .048 0 0 .016 . 135 .134 .076 .023 .050 0 .009 1.151 1.766 0 .024 .406 .287 .038 0 0 0 0 0 .201 .178 .091 .047 .073 .267 .024 0 . 114 .249 .018 .048 0 0 0 .028 .090 .073 .050 .085 0 0 .016 0 .157 .352 .001 0 0 0 . 375 . 549 .354 .452 .021 .097 . 536 .930 0 .011 0 .099 0 .098 .006 0 . 127 .002 .030 0 0 .029 .012 0 0 .016 . 149 .008 .103 .004 0 .118 .016 .051 0 0 .063 .008 0 0 .063 .309 0 . 112 .062 0 .196 0 0 0 .097 .073 .018 .830 1.469 2. 567 .035 .048 .118 .507 .890 1.327 .277 .517 1.076 .011 .014 .046 Ct. Ct. Ct. Ct. 38.0 2.7 .1 1.8 0 .5 (3) 0 .2 .1 .2 (3) .8 0 .3 .9 .2 (3) 9.2 .1 1.2 .2 0 0 2.3 .3 .9 (3) .5 .3 0 .1 .4 .7 0 .1 2.1 (3) 0 1.6 1.4 .2 4.3 28. 2 42.1 66.7 2.2 3.1 3.9 .3 0 (3) 1. 6 2 5 1. 6 0 o' o' .5 .6 0 0 .1 0 0 0 0 .1 .1 .9 .2 .2 0 .1 .5 0 0 0 0 1.0 .7 .7 o 0 o 0 .3 2.0 .9 1.1 .8 .1 .2 .4 0 0 0 6.6 9. 7 17. 4 0 0 1.0 1.1 2.1 .2 .3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9 2.7 3.1 .3 1.1 0 .6 3.0 .5 0 .1 0 .3 .7 .9 .2 .3 .7 0 0 0 .1 0 .2 .1 .7 .7 .6 .9 .6 0 0 0 0 .2 0 1.7 1.8 4.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2 1.9 2.8 1.0 1.8 2.6 .2 .1 .2 3.3 4. 5 8 3 '.Q 0 .1 .1 1.0 (3) 1.1 .1 0 .7 .1 .1 0 (3) 0 0 o' .1 0 0 0 .2 .7 .6 1.0 2.8 0 0 0 1.1 1.1 1.3 .1 .1 .8 0 0 0 .6 .6 1.0 .2 0 0 .1 .2 0 0 0 0 0 0 .2 .2 .1 .2 .4 .1 .1 .1 .2 .7 .5 .8 .9 6.9 4. 5 7.7 13.4 .5 .3 .4 1.2 4.4 3.0 5.5 7.5 1.8 1.1 1.7 4.1 .2 .1 .1 •6 1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person. 3 Less than 0.05 cent. 4 Does not include pickles and olives. 6 Less than 0.0005 pound. Notes on this table are in appendix A , p. 380. 211 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 7.-— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued G R A N D R A P I D S , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u e d quantity pur Num ber of families Average chased per person 1 in using in 1 week 1 week Econom ic level—FamiEconomic level— lies spending Families spending per expendi expenditure All per All unit per year unit per fami fami ture year lies lies U n $400 $600 Un- $400 $600 der to and der to and $400 $600 over $400 $600 over Item F o o d U sed at H o m e and P u rch a sed fo r C o n su m p tio n at H o m e in 1 W eek —Continued Apples: F r e s h ______ _________ C a n n e d .____ _______ Apricots: Fresh______ ______ C anned. _ __ _____ B a n a n a s___ ______________ Berries: F r e s h .____ __________ Canned_______ ________ Cherries: Fresh. __ ________ Canned. _ _________ Grapes: Fresh. _____________ _ Canned _____________ Peaches: Fresh. __ __ _______ Canned______ ___ ____ Pears: Fresh __________ _ _ _ _ Canned ____ _______ Pineapple: Fresh__ __ __ ___ Canned ___________ M elons. _ ______ _____________ _ Plums: F re sh __________ ____ Canned _ _____ ______ Other fru it... ____ ________ _ . Cider. __________ ________ __ Grape juice____________ ________ Other fruit juices _ _ ______ Dried: Apricots. ________ _ _ Peaches_____ ___________ P r u n e s .________ ._ __ Raisins ________ ______ Dates _ . . . ____ Figs___ _____ . . . ________ Other. _______ . . . _____ Sugars and sweets, total. _ __ _ Sugars: W hite _ ._ . . . ____ Brown __ _ _______ __ Other sweets: Candy___________ Jellies. _ ______ __ Molasses, sirups.. Other sweets _ _ Miscellaneous, total ____ Gelatine __ __ __ . . . ___ Packaged dessert mixtures __ __ Tea. __________ _ __ __ _ C o f f e e .. __ _________ __ . .. Cocoa___ __ _ ___________ C hocolate... _ . . . . ____ ______ Vinegar.. _____ __ _____ Salt_______ _ _ ___ ... . Baking powder, yeast, so d a ... . Spices and extracts ___________ Catsups, sauces. _ . . . _ _ Tomato soup . . . . _______ _ _ Other soups. _ _______ _ _ Cod-liver oil . . . ______ ___ Proprietary foods. ______ _____ Other foods. ___ ________ ______ Soft drinks consumed at hom e.. Other drinks consumed at home. Sales tax on food_____________ _____ _ 1 T he num ber of equ o f p e r s o n s e a tin g m e a ls a t th e w e e k , h e w a s c o u n te d a s th e a p p r o p r ia te d e c im a 3 L e s s t h a n 0 .0 5 c e n t . N o. N o . N o. N o. Lb. 54 8 0 1 84 6 23 0 31 0 0 0 34 0 25 2 29 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 5 0 25 3 0 0 38 4 11 0 17 0 0 0 13 0 9 1 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 19 4 0 0 32 1 8 0 8 0 0 0 13 0 11 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 13 11 2 0 0 0 9 8 3 0 0 130 49 33 39 17 58 20 13 14 9 49 22 18 19 7 23 7 2 6 1 3 55 71 125 36 6 3 23 32 55 19 2 0 27 28 48 14 3 0 5 11 22 3 1 23 11 18 13 8 3 9 9 6 8 0 1 8 3 6 2 1 2 1 2 2 24 23 6 0 0 4 7 18 4 7 4 8 10 1 0 1 14 1 4 0 6 0 0 0 8 0 5 1 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 4 1 0 0 Lb. Lb. Lb. 1.701 .717 .011 0 .002 .635 .030 .003 0 .031 0 0 0 .043 0 .022 .010 .064 0 0 0 0 0 .003 .012 .008 1.481 .692 0 0 0 .521 .039 0 0 .011 0 0 0 .041 0 .010 .008 .032 0 0 0 0 0 0 .008 0 1. 655 .576 .032 0 0 .678 .012 .010 0 .043 0 0 0 .036 0 .010 0 .115 0 0 0 0 0 .008 .021 .008 2. 805 1. 218 0 0 .018 1.030 .036 0 0 .091 0 0 0 .072 0 .103 .048 .065 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .048 .062 .034 .014 0 0 1.608 1.357 .095 .067 .012 .077 0 .080 .037 .002 0 0 1.274 1.044 .085 .054 .010 .081 0 .049 .023 .034 0 0 2.034 1.706 .110 .102 .016 .100 0 .014 .048 .014 0 0 1.962 1.795 .097 .026 .014 0 0 0 .002 .056 .040 .267 .025 .004 0 0 0 .003 0 0 .045 .082 .034 .033 .044 .060 .223 .307 .357 .012 .024 .034 .003 .004 0 .073 .062 .035 .025 .022 .008 .015 .005 .008 0 .034 .008 .185 .104 .073 . 120 .054 .026 .050 0 .042 .023 .016 .018 .140 .036 .327 .157 Average expenditure per person 1 in 1 week Economic level-—Families spenamg per All expenditure fami unit per year lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over C t. 10.0 2.7 .1 0 (3) 3.6 .3 (3) 0 .3 0 0 0 .5 0 .2 .1 .8 0 0 0 0 0 (3) .1 .2 0 C t. 7.8 2.3 0 0 0 2.9 .4 0 0 .1 0 0 0 .4 0 .1 .1 .4 0 0 0 0 0 0 .1 0 C t. 10. 8 2.8 .3 0 0 3.9 .1 .1 0 .4 0 0 0 .4 0 .1 0 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 00 .1 .2 C t. 16.1 4.0 0 0 .3 5.6 .3 0 0 1.1 0 0 0 .8 0 .9 .4 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 0 0 0 .5 .6 .5 .2 .4 .4 .2 .4 .l .2 (3) .3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.3 8.7 12.7 11.6 7.3 5.7 9.1 9.7 .6 .5 .7 .6 1.3 1.4 1.9 .8 .2 .2 .3 .5 .8 1.0 .7 0 0 0 0 0 19.9 14.1 25. 5 30.1 .1 0 0 (3) 1.6 1.2 2.4 .9 2.0 1.6 1.8 4.0 7.1 5.4 8.0 12.4 .3 .2 .4 .3 .1 .1 .1 0 .1 .2 .2 .7 .6 .7 .7 1.6 .6 .5 .5 1.0 .2 .1 .6 0 .7 .6 .6 .5 .6 .8 .8 1.4 .4 . 3 .6 .4 1.1 .2 2.9 0 .9 .4 1.2 2.2 .3 0 .7 .3 .2 ( 3) .3 .9 3.9 2.8 2.0 3.3 iv a le n t fu ll-tim e -p e r s o n s p e r f a m ily in 1 w e e k is c o m p u t e d o n t h e b a s is o f t h e n u m b e r h o m e d u r in g t h e w e e k t o w h ic h t h e d a t a a p p ly . I f a p e r s o n a te 2 1 m e a ls d u r in g a s a f u ll-t im e p e r s o n fo r t h a t w e e k . I f h e a te le s s th a n 2 1 m e a ls , h e w a s c o u n t e d l e q u iv a le n t fu ll-tim e p e r s o n . N o t e s o n t h is ta b le a r e in a p p e n d ix p . A , 3 8 0 . 212 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 7 . — Food used at home and 'purchased for consumption at home during l week in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S A ll fa m i lie s Ite m E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s s p e n d in g p e r e x p e n d itu r e u n it p e r y e a r $600 an d over U n d er $400 $400 to $600 N u m ber o f f a m i l i e s s u r v e y e d i n s p r i n g q u a r t e r . _ A v e r a g e n u m b e r o f e q u iv a le n t fu ll-tim e p e r s o n s i p e r f a m i ly i n 1 w e e k ______ _ ____ __ . ____ ___ ____ __ A v e r a g e n u m b e r o f fo o d u n its 2 p e r fa m ily in 1 w e e k - N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s u s in g in 1 w e e k Ite m F o o d U sed at H o m e an d P u rc h a se d fo r C o n su m p tio n a t H o m e in t W eek T o ta l _ __ _ _ _ _ _ ________ __ G r a in p r o d u c t s , t o t a l _____ __ __ B r ea d a n d o th e r b a k e d g o o d s, t o t a l _ _ ______________ B r e a d : W h i t e -------------------------G r a h a m w h . w h e a t .. R y e __________ C r a c k e r s _______________________ P la in r o lls ______________ _______ S w e e t r o l l s _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ C o o k ie s ____ ________________ _ C a k e s _______ . . . ______ _ P i e s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ._ . . . . O t h e r _____ _______________ R e a d y - t o - e a t c e r e a l s _ _ _ _ _ _ __ F lo u r a n d o t h e r c e r e a ls , t o t a l . . F l o u r : W h i t e _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . G r a h a m __ __ . . . O th e r ______. . . C o r n m e a l _ _ _ _ __ . . . . . . H o m in y ______________ _ C o r n s ta r c h ________ ____________ R ic e ____________ . . . . . . _ _ R o lle d o a t s ________ ________ W h e a t c e r e a l... T a p io c a _________ _______ . . . S a g o _ _ _____ . . . _ ._ . . . M a c a r o n i, s p a g h e tti, n o o d le s . O th e r g r a in p r o d u c t s . . . . E g g s -------------------------------------------------M ilk , c h e e s e , ic e c r e a m , to t a l . . M i l k : F r e s h , w h o l e — b o t t l e d __ lo o s e ____ s k im m e d . .. _ . b u tte r m ilk a n d o th e r . . . .. S k im m e d , d r ie d ____ __ E v a p o r a te d o r c o n d s d .. C h e e s e : A m e r ic a n ____ C o t t a g e . ________ __ O th e r . __ . . . . I c e c r e a m . . . . . . __________ _ 1T E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lie s s p e n d in g p e r e x p e n d i A ll tu r e u n it p e r f a m i year lie s U n $400 $600 d er to a n d $400 $600 over N o. N o. N o. N o. 178 65 62 3. 37 2 .9 0 4 .2 0 3. 52 3 .4 0 2. 9 7 21 69 17 44 54 34 17 61 6 7 23 5 18 17 6 6 62 9 8 31 6 15 20 15 5 49 11 6 15 6 11 17 13 6 96 44 34 18 81 40 24 17 3 27 5 13 0 0 27 40 18 7 0 75 0 0 0 2 0 9 20 6 3 0 33 0 0 1 10 2 0 12 13 5 3 0 27 0 0 2 A v e r a g e <e x p e n d i t u r e p e r p e r s o n l 1i n 1 w e e k E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s s p e n d in g p e r e x p e n d itu r e u n it p e r y e a r E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s s p e n d in g p e r e x p e n d itu r e A ll f a m i u n it p e r y e a r lie s U n $400 $600 d e r to a n d $400 $600 over A ll fa m i lie s Lb. U n der $400 $400 to $600 $600 and over Lb. L b. Lb. 1 0 15 0 56 61 48 6 0 3 0 23 26 5 6 13 1 0 18 27 9 2 10 0 .0 5 5 .123 .0 3 0 .0 0 6 .134 .130 0 0 .0 5 2 0 . 109 1. 8 6 9 1 .3 5 9 0 0 0 0 .0 0 6 .147 .0 3 0 .0 8 5 .107 .0 4 4 .0 0 7 .0 3 2 .0 7 8 .0 3 2 .0 7 8 .0 7 2 .0 7 4 .0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 134 . 140 0 165 59 76 27 15 34 .0 7 0 .107 .0 4 4 .0 0 6 .3 8 8 .0 2 7 . 121 .19 5 104 .199 .174 .169 2 0 48 0 0 0 0 0 3. 503 2 .2 6 6 .223 0 1 59 2 2 .0 0 8 .2 4 4 .0 2 9 3. 297 2. 366 .0 8 0 .0 9 4 .2 5 4 .0 3 3 . 180 .164 .0 8 0 .0 4 1 .0 0 5 .125 1. 7 6 7 1 .2 0 7 . 8 3 9 . 7 4 5 . 8 5 8 1. 0 2 6 4. 99 3 4. 64 6 4. 88 9 5. 97 8 4 . 2 9 5 3. 8 5 1 4 .4 4 7 5 .0 4 8 .0 5 8 . 1 2 6 0 0 . 128 . 249 0 . 074 61 2 0 7 7 168 3 2 .9 7 7 2 .5 0 2 2 . 1 4 8 1. 9 2 7 . 1 0 5 .0 7 4 .0 7 0 .0 2 9 .1 9 7 .1 5 4 .0 5 2 .0 4 4 .148 .103 . 1 2 5 .0 7 5 .0 7 4 .0 2 8 .0 4 8 .0 5 0 . 010 . 0 1 8 .151 .189 2. 043 2. 326 1. 4 0 1 1 .5 6 7 4 1 0 6 18 23 13 7 11 26 2 .0 3 A v e r a g e q ila n t it y p u r c h a s e d p e >r p e r s o n 1 i n 1w e e k 5 .1 7 1 5 .0 1 7 5 .1 8 9 5 .4 8 1 172 26 51 2. . 042 . 212 . 116 .0 6 0 .0 1 7 .0 6 5 . 047 0 .2 0 3 .0 8 1 .010 0 . 199 . 116 .022 .0 5 4 .0 0 9 .0 0 6 .0 5 8 ■ .0 5 7 C t. . 255 196 . 160 .0 5 6 .0 9 7 C t. C t. 2 7 . 0 21. 0 3 0 . 6 3 4 . 2 1 6 .6 1 4 .3 1 8 .9 1 7 .9 1.0 .7 .8 2.0 .6 2.0 .6 2.0 2.0 1 .4 .7 .2 1 .4 .4 1.6 1.2 .4 .5 1 3 3! 3 2.8 10 6 11.1 6.2 6.8 0 0 0 .8 1.1 .8 2.6 .4 2 .3 2. 3 2.0 .5 (3) 2 .3 9. 6 5 .2 .1 ( 3) .6 .1 .1 .1 0 .5 0 .4 .9 .4 .8 .6 .1 .1 0 1 .4 0 1 .3 0 • 0 12.0 10.0 2 9 .5 2 1 .5 .2 .2 . 092 0 C t. 2 3 4 . 7 1 8 0 . 6 2 4 8 . 6 3 3 6 .8 4 0 . 4 3 5 .4 4 2 . 5 4 8 ! 1 .1 0 1.8 2.6 .8 .6 1 .7 0 0 .7 .8 .5 .2 0 1 .5 0 1.0 2 .4 1.6 2. 2 3 .1 2.8 1.2 0 2 .3 6 5 11. 6. 0 .5 .3 .2 0 .6 .6 1.2 .1 0 1.6 0 1 2 . 7 1 5 .1 2 5 .6 2 8 .2 4 0 .6 1 9 .2 2 1 . 7 2 6 .6 .4 0 0 .1 .4 0 .1 0 1 .7 1 .7 .3 .3 1 .5 ( 3) 0 1 .7 2 .7 .7 .1 1 .3 .4 0 2.2 4 .3 1 .9 1 .9 3 .2 h e n u m b e r o f e q u iv a le n t f u ll-t im e p e r s o n s p e r f a m ily in 1 w e e k is c o m p u te d o n t h e b a s is o f t h e n u m b e r o f p e r s o n s e a tin g m e a ls a t h o m e d u r in g t h e w e e k to w h ic h t h e d a t a a p p ly . I f a p e r s o n a te 2 1 m e a ls d u r in g t h e w e e k , h e w a s c o u n te d a s a f u ll-tim e p e r s o n fo r t h a t w e e k . I f h e a te le s s t h a n 21 m e a ls , h e w a s c o u n t e d a s t h e a p p r o p r ia te d e c im a l e q u iv a le n t fu ll-t im e p e r s o n . 2T h e n u m b e r o f e x p e n d it u r e u n i t s p e r f a m i ly in 1 w e e k is c o m p u t e d o n t h e b a s is o f t h e e x p e n d it u r e u n i t s r e p r e s e n te d b y t h e e q u iv a le n t f u ll-t im e p e r s o n s e a tin g m e a ls a t h o m e d u r in g t h e w e e k t o w h ic h t h e d a t a a p p ly . 2 L e s s t h a n 0 .0 5 c e n t . N o t e s o n t h is t a b le a r e in a p p e n d ix A , p . 3 8 0 . 213 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 7 . — F o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g 1 w e e k i n s p r i n g q u a r te r , h y e c o n o m i c level — Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed q u a n tity p u r A verage exp en d itu re N u m b er of fam ilies A vcherage ased per p erson 1 in per u sin g in 1 w eek p erson 1 in 1 w eek 1 w eek E c o n o m ic E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E co n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilie s lie s sp en d in g F a m ilie s sp en d in g sp en d in g per per ex p e n d i per exp en d itu re exp en d itu re A ll tu re u n it per A ll A ll u n it per yea r fam i fam i fam i u n it per yea r year lies lies lie s U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to and an d to der der to and $400 $600 over $400 $600 ov er $400 $600 ov er Ite m Food fo r U sed at H o m e an d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n W eek — C o n tin u ed at H om e in 1 N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. 1. 350 1.060 1.451 1. 846 31 0 21.9 34.1 47.4 B u tte r ., —_ _____________________ 126 34 49 43 .295 .183 .358 .444 10.3 6 .2 12! 5 15.6 C rea m _____________________________ 18 0 7 11 .046 0 .057 . 133 1.0 0 1.2 3.1 O ther ta b le fa ts—_ ______________ 62 34 20 8 . 170 .212 . 152 . 104 2.4 2.8 2 .2 1.5 L ard _____________ __ ____________ 120 44 42 34 .370 .337 .386 .420 4.8 4 .4 5.0 5.7 V eg eta b le sh o r te n in g ___________ 28 10 10 8 .067 .055 .080 .069 1.1 .8 1.4 1.4 3 1 0 2 .006 .003 0 T a b le or coo k in g o ils___ __ .025 .1 .1 0 .5 M a y o n n a ise an d oth er salad 44 11 20 13 .086 .043 .116 . 132 1.6 .9 2 .2 2 .2 d ressin g_________ . ____________ B a co n , sm o k ed ______ _______ 117 35 43 39 .302 .212 .30 0 .519 9 .6 6 .4 9 .6 17.4 S a lt sid e of p o r k ... ____________ 2 1 1 0 .008 .015 .00 2 0 .1 0 .3 (3) M e a t, p o u ltr y , fish an d oth er sea food, to ta l____ ____ __ _____ 2.123 1. 562 2. 339 3.058 50 .7 35.4 55. 5 77.7 B eef: F resh : stea k , p o rterh ou se, sir lo in . _____. . . 54 14 23 17 .160 .076 .199 .286 4.4 2.1 5.4 8 .2 44 17 11 16 .156 . 146 .107 .273 4.4 3.8 3 .5 7.5 to p r o u n d _____ o t h e r . _______ 38 13 15 10 .115 . 104 . 116 .136 2.1 2.0 2 .2 2 .2 27 9 10 roast, r ib ________ 8 . 120 .086 . 121 .199 2 .7 1.9 2.8 4 .2 42 15 18 c h u c k ____ ______ 9 .202 . 141 .268 . 227 3.9 2.6 5.5 4.3 5 2 3 o th e r______ _____ 0 .033 .026 .059 0 .6 .5 1.1 0 b o ilin g, ch u c k _________ 27 11 10 6 .117 . I l l . 121 .121 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.5 10 5 2 p la te ______ __ 3 .031 .037 .014 .048 .5 .2 .5 .7 4 0 3 1 .012 0 o th er_________ .029 .009 .2 0 .2 .4 0 0 0 C a n n e d _______ __ __ _________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 C orn ed . _ _______________ ______ 0 .005 .005 .008 0 .1 .1 0 .1 13 7 4 2 .010 .007 .011 .015 D ried ______________ _______ .5 .4 .5 .6 0 0 0 0 O t h e r ________________ __ . . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 3 8 9 .050 .015 .066 . 104 1.3 .4 1.6 2 .9 V eal: F resh , stea k , c h o p s______ r o a s t . _____ 6 1 4 1 .028 .007 .056 .026 .6 .2 1 .2 .5 1 0 1 .005 0 s te w _______ ________ 0 .002 0 0 .1 0 (3) 7 2 1 L am b : F resh , c h o p s ._ . . . _____ 4 .012 .011 .002 .035 .3 .3 .1 .8 roast ._ . _. 1 0 0 1 .003 0 .017 0 .1 0 0 .4 0 0 0 0 s te w ____ __________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80 26 33 21 .188 .140 .224 .235 5 .2 3 .9 6.1 6 .5 P ork: F resh , c h o p s______ lo in roast _ . 23 6 9 8 .082 .055 .09 7 .118 2.0 1.3 2.1 3 .6 12 5 5 2 .032 .031 .037 .024 .8 other _______ _ _ .6 .6 1.0 27 3 11 13 .053 .022 .054 . 123 1.9 .6 1.9 5.0 S m ok ed h a m , slic e s. _ __ 5 1 3 1 .042 .008 .077 .060 1.2 .3 2.1 1.5 h a lf or w h . p ic n ic . __ 2 .013 0 3 0 1 .007 .056 .2 0 .2 1.0 45 15 16 14 .096 .073 . 107 . 130 2.0 1.6 2 .2 3.0 P ork sausage ___________ 12 9 2 1 .028 .049 .009 .013 O ther p ork ______ .5 .2 .8 .3 M iscellan eo u s m ea ts, to ta l_______ .254 .231 .285 .251 6 .5 5.9 6. 6 7.4 O ther fresh m ea t ____________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 30 25 17 .139 . 122 .174 . 117 2. 8. 2.5 3.3 2.4 B ologn a, fra n k fu rters. ______ ___ C ooked: H a m ________ . . . 31 8 12 11 .049 .042 .046 .070 2 .2 1.8 1.9 3 .6 1 .004 .001 .002 .012 .1 .1 (3) 3 1 1 T ongue ____ _ .3 17 6 8 L iv e r ______________________ ' ______ 3 .030 .026 .037 .026 .6 .5 .7 .5 2 .032 .040 .026 .026 O ther m e a t p r o d u c ts. . . . . _ 10 6 2 .8 1.0 .7 .6 P o u ltry : C h ick en , b roilin g 8 1 4 3 .048 .017 .076 .072 1.4 .5 2.3 2 .0 4 .053 .018 .043 .154 1.6 .5 1.2 4 .7 r o a st__________ 7 1 2 2 .053 .051 .019 .121 1.4 1.3 stew . . . . __ 6 3 1 .5 3.2 T u r k e y _______ ___________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O th e r ._ _______________ 0 0 0 0 F ish an d oth er sea food, to ta l. _ __ . 125 .095 . 122 . 205 2 .2 1.5 2 .2 4.0 F ish : F resh ____________________ 36 13 10 13 .092 .081 .082 .138 1.5 1.2 1.4 2.5 22 5 7 10 .029 .014 .031 .061 C a n n e d ____ ______________ .6 .3 .6 1.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C u red ............................................ 0 0 2 0 2 0 .003 0 .009 0 .1 0 O y sters________ ____________ .2 0 1 .001 0 0 .006 (3) O ther sea food _____________ _____ 1 0 0 0 0 .2 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u ted on th e b asis of th e n u m b er of persons e a tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m ea ls d u rin g th e w eek , he w as cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e p erson for th a t w eek . If he ate less th a n 21 m ea ls, h e w a s c o u n ted as th e ap propriate d ecim a l e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. * L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 380 214 BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 7 . — F o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g 1 w e e k i n s p r i n g q u a rter , h y e c o n o m i c level — Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed q u a n tity pur A verage exp en d itu re N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased per person 1 in 1 per u sin g in 1 w eek person 1 in 1 w eek w eek E co n o m ic E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E co n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilie s lies sp en d in g F a m ilies sp en d in g Item sp en d in g per per ex p en d i per ex p en d itu re A ll A ll A ll exp en d itu re u n it per fam u n it per year fam i tu re year i fam i u n it per year lies lies lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to an d der to an d der to an d $400 $600 over $400 $600 over $400 $600 ov er Food fo r U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 — C on tin u ed N o. N o. N o. N o . V eg eta b les and fru its, t o t a l 4 ___ . 142 54 50 38 P o t a t o e s .___________ __________ 25 14 7 4 S w eetp o ta to es, y a m s ____________ D ried corn--------------------------------0 0 0 0 65 26 26 13 B ean s: D r y --------------------------14 7 7 C an n ed , d ried ____ _ _ 0 B a k ed , n o t ca n n e d — — 1 1 0 0 P eas: B la ck -e y e d _________ 0 0 0 0 O th er_________ __ _ ___ 0 1 0 1 2 3 0 1 N u ts: S h elled _ _________ ___ 0 0 0 0 In sh e ll______ _ _______ P ea n u t b u t te r ._ _. _ __ ___ 37 12 17 8 O ther dried legu m es an d n u ts . T o m a to es: F r e s h ... _______ . . . 9 6 5 4 C a n n ed ___ . . . ______ 53 22 18 13 2 5 2 1 J u ice ___________ . . . 3 6 3 0 S auce, p a s t e ... . . . _ G reen an d lea fy veg s., to ta l. . . . B ru ssels s p r o u t s ____________ _ 0 0 0 0 C a b b a g e_______________ _____ . 68 25 29 14 S a u e r k r a u t.. . ________ _ 13 7 0 6 C o lla rd s______ ______________ 0 0 0 0 2 11 3 6 K a le _______ _ . ... _ 113 31 43 39 L e ttu c e ________________________ 3 S p in ach : F r e s h . . . _______ _ 18 6 9 C a n n e d _______ . . __ 27 10 7 10 O ther leafy v eg etab les 0 0 0 0 A sparagus: F re sh _______ _ 5 0 4 1 4 C a n n e d _______ __ . 6 2 0 L im a beans: F r e sh .. . . . . . . 2 2 0 0 C a n n ed ______ . . . 7 18 5 6 B ea n s, sn a p (strin g ): F r e s h ... 6 26 12 8 C anned. 9 23 9 5 B r o c c o li__________________ __ 2 0 1 1 P eas: F re sh . _______ _______ 12 1 7 4 C a n n ed _________________ 50 17 20 13 P ep p ers_________________________ 7 1 1 5 O kra________ ________. . . __ _ 0 0 0 0 Y e llo w veg eta b les, to ta l_. _ . . . C arrots_______ ._ __ _______ 67 22 23 22 W in ter sq u a sh an d p u m p k in . _ 0 0 0 0 O ther veg eta b les, t o t a l 4 _________ 1 3 0 2 B eets: F resh ____________ __ _ 2 0 1 1 2 1 1 C a n n e d .. . ____________ 0 C a u liflo w er______ ____________ 9 2 2 5 C e ler y ___________________________ 58 16 27 15 C orn: O n ear_______ __ __ . . . 0 0 0 0 C a n n e d ... ____________ 61 25 17 19 C u c u m b e r ____________________ 2 1 1 0 E g g p la n t----------------------------------1 0 1 0 64 23 24 17 O n ions: M a t u r e ____ __________ S p rin g. ________________ 5 20 8 7 4 1 1 2 P a r sn ip s________________ ______ S u m m er sq u a sh _______________ 0 0 0 0 W h ite tu r n ip s________________ 3 3 0 0 4 0 3 1 Y e llo w tu rn ip s, r u ta b a g a____ O ther v e g e ta b le s.._ _ _ 3 0 2 1 P ick le s an d oliv es . . . C itru s fru its, to ta l. __ __ _. L e m o n s______ ____ _______ 23 6 10 7 O ranges. _______ ___________ 93 34 39 20 G rapefruit: F r e s h . _ . . . . . . 45 8 19 18 0 0 0 C a n n e d ..____. . . 0 1 See fo o tn o te 1, p . 215. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is table are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. W eek L b. 9. 394 3. 363 . 107 . 450 0 .307 .053 .003 0 .004 .004 0 .079 0 .024 .202 .027 .011 1. 279 0 .298 .043 0 .045 .258 .062 .077 0 .030 .013 .003 .057 .089 .081 .003 .042 .174 .004 0 . 189 . 189 0 .752 .008 .007 .021 .158 0 .236 .002 .005 .243 .028 .012 0 .013 .015 .004 1.116 .056 .728 .332 0 L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. 7. 553 10. 256 12.170 46.2 33. 2 51.9 3.080 3.365 4.021 6.7 5.5 7 .2 . 125 .085 . 106 .5 .6 .4 .460 . 507 .327 3. 2 3.0 3 9 0 0 0 0 o’ o’ .330 .316 .236 1.6 1.7 1.7 .058 .076 0 .3 .4 .4 .007 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .012 0 0 0 (3) (3) .002 .017 0 .1 0 .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .065 .101 .074 1.2 .9 1.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 .034 .063 0 .3 0 .5 . 191 .230 . 177 1.5 1.4 1.6 .012 .012 .088 .2 . 1 .1 .011 0 . 1 .1 0 .029 . 996 1.356 1.811 9. 5 6. 8 9 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 .253 .371 .268 1.1 1.0 1.4 .051 0 . 104 .2 .3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .040 .057 .035 .3 .2 .4 . 174 .296 .385 2.3 1.5 2.5 .059 .076 .043 .4 .4 .5 .080 .040 . 136 .7 .4 .6 0 0 0 0 0 0 .2 0 0 .076 .017 .4 .2 .007 0 .049 .1 0 .2 0 .007 0 0 .1 .4 .031 .082 .074 .2 .5 .097 .078 .091 .8 .8 .8 .079 .053 . 144 .6 .5 .5 0 .005 .009 (3) 0 .1 .5 (3) .007 .082 .052 .8 . 109 . 138 .392 1.6 1.0 1.5 .002 .002 .012 .1 (3) (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 154 . 186 . 277 1.0 .8 1.0 . 154 .186 .277 1.0 .8 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .568 .763 1.172 5.0 3 .5 5.4 0 .009 .026 (3) 0 (3) .009 .008 0 .1 (3) (3) .011 .014 .058 .2 .1 .1 .110 .218 .164 1.0 .6 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 174 . 160 .519 1.9 1.5 1.3 .002 .002 •0 (3) (3) (3) 0 .015 0 0 .1 (3) .203 .247 .329 1.0 .8 1.2 .3 .2 .023 .032 .033 .4 .007 .014 .022 (3) (3) .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .029 0 .1 0 (3) 0 .033 .017 .1 0 .1 0 .011 .004 (3) .1 0 .1 .6 .5 .778 1.361 1.467 7 .0 4 .9 8 .3 .6 .045 .049 .097 .5 .5 .612 .881 .721 4.7 3 .8 5 .8 .121 .431 .649 1.7 .6 2 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 D o e s n o t in clu d e p ick les an d o liv es. C t. 67 9 s! 6 .4 3 1 o’ 1.4 O 6 0 0 .4 0 1.3 o .6 1.4 .6 .3 15. 6 0 1.0 .6 0 .2 3 .9 .2 1.5 0 .1 .8 0 .7 .9 1.3 .1 .8 3 .2 .3 0 1. 5 1.5 0 9.3 .1 0 .6 1.2 0 3 .9 0 0 1.5 .3 .1 0 0 .1 .1 1.4 9. 9 1.1 5.1 3.7 0 215 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 7 . — F o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g 1 w ee k i n s p r i n g q u a r te r , h y e c o n o m i c level — Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed N u m b e r of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lie s sp en d in g A ll per e x p e n d i A ll fam i tu re u n it per fa m i yea r lies lies U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 over Ite m Food fo r A v erage q u a n tity p u r ch ased per p e r so n 1 in 1 w eek A v erage exp en d itu re p er person 1 in 1 w eek E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g p er ex p en d itu re A ll u n it per yea r fam i lies U n $400 $600 der an d to $400 $600 over E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per yea r •U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 ov er U s e d at H o m e a n d P u r c h a s e d C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 — C on tin u ed N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. N o . C t. a . C t. O ther fru its, to ta l-. _______________ 1.874 1.178 2.357 2. 632 11.2 6.5 13.7 16.6 A p p les: F re sh ____________________ 98 31 41 26 .893 .594 1.142 1.143 3.4 2.4 4 .0 4 .7 1 1 0 C a n n e d ... _________ __ 0 .003 .008 0 0 0 0 (3) (3) A pricots: F resh ______ _______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .1 3 1 1 C a n n e d ,_________ __ 1 .008 .006 .008 .001 .1 .1 .2 B a n a n a s . .. ______ _ _ _ _ _ _ 88 23 37 28 .536 .290 .732 .762 2 .9 1.5 3 .9 4.1 B erries: F r e sh _____ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 1 6 .5 (3) 5 .036 .003 .078 .039 .9 .6 C a n n e d --------- ------------3 2 1 .2 .3 .1 0 0 .016 .032 .006 0 1 0 0 C herries: F r e s h . . _______________ 0 1 .002 0 .011 (3) 0 0 .1 .3 C a n n e d ____________ ___ 9 5 2 .4 .2 2 .033 .054 .012 .022 .2 G rapes: F r e s h .__ ___ ------- --0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C a n n e d _________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P each es: F re sh ___________________ 1 0 0 .015 (3) 0 0 1 .003 0 0 .2 C a n n e d ________________ 23 4 9 10 .092 .034 .090 .230 1.0 .3 .9 2.5 P ears: F resh _________ _________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .3 0 7 0 6 .054 .015 .1 C a n n ed __________________ .8 1 .022 0 .2 0 P in ea p p le: F r e s h .. ______ ____ 5 0 3 .028 .069 .3 2 .023 0 .4 C a n n e d ... _ ___ .8 24 8 5 11 .054 .042 .041 .105 .6 .6 1.5 0 0 0 M e lo n s .. _ __ __ 1 0 0 1 .005 0 .026 (3) .2 P lu m s: F resh _ _________ ________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .2 (3) .3 5 1 2 C a n n e d ____________ . . . .3 2 .018 .003 .024 .041 .1 (3) (3) O ther fru it________________ __ ___ 3 1 1 1 .006 .004 .005 .013 .1 0 C id e r _____________________ __ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .009 (3) G rape j u i c e . ____________________ 1 0 0 0 0 .2 1 .002 0 .2 .1 O ther fru it ju ice s____ ______ .2 4 1 2 1 .015 .006 .015 .036 .2 .1 D ried : A p rico ts_______ .1 .2 .1 4 1 2 1 .008 .007 .009 .004 .1 (3) .1 P ea ch es__ _ _________ 3 1 1 1 .007 .004 .005 .017 .2 .6 .5 .7 P r u n e s______ . . . _______ 28 10 13 5 .068 .066 .077 .056 .6 1 .024 .025 .031 .008 .2 .2 .4 .1 R a i s i n s .________ 10 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D a te s ____ _____ _____ __ . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 F ig s----------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther _ . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.295 1.205 1.404 1.302 8 .3 7.3 8 .7 9 .5 Sugars an d sw eets, to ta l____ ____ __ 132 53 46 33 1.106 1.030 1.180 1.151 6.1 5.6 6 .4 6 .5 Sugars: W h ite _____ _______ ______ .3 .4 .3 .1 B r o w n ______ . . . _____ 14 8 4 2 .045 .066 .033 .017 .9 .7 1.8 O ther sw eets: C a n d y . ________ 32 11 10 11 .045 .030 .045 .080 .6 .4 1.1 .4 .2 J e llie s ____________ 16 4 5 7 .025 .011 .026 .054 .9 0 M o lasses, sir u p s. _ .6 .5 14 6 8 0 .073 .068 .118 0 O ther s w e e t s __ .002 0 .001 0 0 (3) 0 (3) M iscella n eo u s, t o t a l... ________ _ 16.6 11.8 15.0 30.5 .2 (3) (3) G e la tin ____. . . ___ _ _ __ .7 8 1 1 6 .005 .002 .001 .021 .9 1.0 .7 1.0 P ack a g ed dessert m ix tu res _ _ . 27 15 7 5 .027 .027 .022 .034 .2 1.3 1.2 .8 T e a ..________ ____________________ 21 5 10 6 .012 .003 .020 .020 C offee_____________ __ __ _____ 157 59 54 44 .342 .287 .346 .467 7 .8 6.1 7.5 12.3 .3 .4 .3 C ocoa___ __ _ _ _ ___ ___ _ _ 1. .018 .025 .015 .009 .1 13 8 4 .1 0 0 0 C h o co la te____________________ 2 2 0 0 .002 .004 0 (3) .6 .4 .7 .8 V in e g a r .. _ _ _ _ _ . . . ______ .6 .5 .6 .6 S a lt .5 .5 .2 .7 B a k in g p o w d er, y e a st, s o d a ____ .1 .1 .1 .3 Sp ices a n d ex tra cts_____ ____ __ _ .2 .4 .3 1.2 C a tsu p s, sau ces __ . . . ______ .3 .2 .1 .6 T o m a to so u p _____ . . . _______ 3 .017 .012 .020 .023 10 3 4 .2 (3) .2 .6 O ther so u p s___ _______ . . . 6 1 2 3 .013 .002 .015 .034 .7 .7 .6 .8 1 .007 .005 .009 .009 C od -liver o il. _________________ 5 3 1 .2 .2 .3 1 .006 .003 .006 .011 .4 P ro p rieta ry fo o d s________________ 5 2 2 .1 0 .1 .2 3 2 1 0 .004 .009 ( 5 ) 0 O ther food s--------------------------------.3 5.1 22 5 3 14 .114 .032 ! .039 .446 1.2 ' .3 Soft d rin k s con su m ed a t h o m e .. .4 1.5 4 .7 14 2 4 8 .096. .041 .114 .191 1.6 O ther d rin k s con su m ed a t h o m e . 1 1 _____ S ales ta x on food ____________________ 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e p erson s per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e basis of th e n u m b er of p erson s ea tin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m ea ls d u rin g th e w eek , he w a s cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If he a te less th a n 21 m eals, h e w as cou n ted as th e ap p ro p riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 05 cO.ent. 6 L ess th a n 0.0005 p o u n d . N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 380. 5 3 4 8 5 ° — 4 0 --------1 5 W eek EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 216 T a b l e 7 . — F o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g 1 w e e k i n s p r i n g q u a r te r , h y e c o n o m i c level — Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— N E G R O F A M I L IE S A ll fam i lies Ite m E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $300 $300 to $400 101 N u m b e r of fa m ilies su r v e y ed in sp rin g q u a rter__________ A verage n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons 1 per fa m ily in 1 w e e k __________________________________________ A verage n u m b er of food exp en d itu re u n its 2 per fa m ily in 1 w e e k _____________________________________________________ $400 an d over 45 4. 76 3.. 97 3. 55 3.06 32 2.36 2.13 q u a n tity pu r A vera g e exp en d itu re N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased per p e r so n 1 in 1 per u sin g in 1 w eek person 1 in 1 w eek w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g per e x p en d i A ll A ll tu re u n it per fam i year fam i lies lies U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 over Item Food For 1 E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re A ll u n it p er year fam i lies $300 $400 U n $300 $400 to an d der to an d $400 over $300 $400 over E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n der $300 U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at W eek H om e in N o . N o. N o. N o . L b . L b. L b . L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. T o ta l____________________ __ 182. 5 137. 2 209 5 289.5 5.630 4.866 6.003 7.453 32. 5 26. 5 35! 0 47. 2 G rain p ro d u cts, t o ta l____________ B read an d oth er b a k ed g o o d s, 1.797 1. 526 1.906 2. 461 15. 2 12. 4 16 8 22.3 to ta l_______ ______ __ _ 91 40 22 29 1.541 1.329 1.536 2.148 11.8 9 .9 ll! 8 1 7 . 2 B read: W h ite __ ________ ._ G raham , w h . w h ea t _ 7 3 2 2 .036 .037 .038 .030 .4 .4 .4 .3 1 0 0 1 .006 0 R y e -------------------------.026 (3) 0 0 0 .3 20 9 7 4 .075 .062 .139 .053 C rackers___________ ______ ._ .8 .7 1.6 .7 6 2 3 1 .031 .035 .036 .013 .4 P la in rolls - _ _ _ _ _____ _. .4 .6 .2 8 0 2 S w eet ro lls___ - __ __ . . . _ 6 .021 0 .022 .080 .4 0 .5 1.5 14 7 5 2 .039 .033 .067 .033 C o o k ies. _ _ _____________ .6 .6 .9 .5 8 2 3 C ak es __ __ . . . 3 .024 .014 .043 .032 .5 .3 .6 .9 . 1 .4 4 1 1 2 .024 .016 .025 .046 P ies __________ ___________ .3 .7 0 O ther . . . ______ ____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 11 10 R ea d y -to -ea t cereals . . . ____ 7 .078 .072 .096 .078 1.3 1.1 1.7 1.3 F lo u r an d oth er cereals, to ta l.. 3; 755 3.268 4. 001 4. 914 16. 0 13 0 16 5 23. 6 98 44 22 32 2. 349 1.978 2. 370 3. 381 9.3 7.2 8! 9 15! 7 F lour: W h it e .. . . . . _ G r a h a m . _. . . . _ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O th er___ . _ 2 0 0 2 .022 0 .1 0 0 .103 0 .6 C orn m e a l. __ _______ _ . 84 43 20 21 1.038 .997 1.294 .921 3 .6 3.3 4 .6 3 .4 H o m in y __ _ _ _ . . . . _ 8 2 2 4 .042 .029 .018 .099 .2 .1 .2 .6 C o rn sta rch . ____ ______ __ 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R ic e .. __ ._ _. . ____ 25 11 5 9 .125 . 112 .101 .186 .8 .8 .6 1.0 R o lled o a t s . ____________ 23 10 5 8 .088 .062 . 126 .129 .7 .5 .9 1 .0 W h ea t cereal_____ _______ __ 7 3 1 3 .015 .010 .014 .030 .3 . 1 .3 .6 T a p io ca _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 0 0 .001 .002 0 0 0 0 (3) (8) S ago---------------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M a c a r o n i , s p a g h e t t i, 29 16 7 n o o d le s____________________ 6 .075 .078 .078 .065 1.0 1.0 1.0 .7 O ther grain p ro d u cts______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 94 42 21 31 .659 .459 .770 1.124 9 .6 6.6 11.1 16.8 E g g s---------------------------------------------M ilk , ch eese, ice cream , to ta l____ 3.261 2.858 3. 553 4.137 17.1 14. 5 18 2 23.3 M ilk : F resh , w h o le— b o ttle d . . 79 34 19 26 2.284 2. 001 2. 350 3.030 11.5 10.1 12.0 15! 0 lo o se ____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 1 1 .084 .060 . 125 .114 .2 sk im m e d ________ .1 .3 .3 b u tte r m ilk an d oth er_____. . . 29 13 7 9 .576 .522 .746 .570 1.5 1.4 1.9 1.4 1 1 0 0 .024 .040 0 S k im m ed , d ried ________ 0 .1 0 0 (3) E v a p o ra ted an d co n d sd . 33 13 8 12 .194 .156 .244 .254 1.6 1.2 2 .0 2 .4 24 12 5 7 .062 .056 .047 .093 1.3 1.0 1.1 2.1 C heese: A m erican ___________ 3 0 0 3 .008 0 0 .040 .1 0 C o tta g e . ___________ _ 0 .7 . O ther ________________ 1 0 0 1 .004 0 0 .020 .2 0 0 .9 Ice cream _ __________ _ _ 9 5 3 1 .025 .023 .041 .016 .7 .6 .9 .5 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a le n t fu ll-tim e p erson s per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u te d on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of p erson s ea tin g m ea ls at h o m e d u rin g th e w e ek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson a te 21 m ea ls d u rin g th e w e ek , h e w a s c o u n te d as a fu ll-tim e p erson for th a t w eek . If h e a te le ss th a n 21 m ea ls, h e w a s co u n ted as th e ap p ro p riate d ecim a l e q u iv a le n t fu ll-tim e person. 2 T h e n u m b er of ex p en d itu re u n its per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u te d on th e b a sis of th e ex p en d itu re u n its rep resen ted b y th e e q u iv a le n t fu ll-tim e p erson s ea tin g m ea ls at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. TABULAR SUMMARY 217 T a b l e 7 . — F o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g 1 w e e k i n s p r i n g q u a r te r , h y e c o n o m i c level — Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed q u a n tity p u r A verage exD cn d itu re N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased p er p e r so n 1 in 1 per u sin g in 1 w eek p erson - m 1 w eek w eek E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g A ll per e x p e n d i A ll fam i tu re u n it per fam i yea r lies lies U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 ov er Ite m Food F or E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re A ll u n it per y ea r fa m i lies U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 ov er E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per ex p e n d itu r e u n it per yea r U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 o v e r U sed at FTom e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 C on t i n u ed N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. 1. 539 1.339 1.630 2.023 29.9 23. 4 33. 5 44.8 F a ts, to ta l_____ _____ _____ _______ B u tte r . _ _ _ _ _ ____ ___ 76 26 21 29 .221 .110 .318 .447 7 .4 3 .6 10 .7 15.0 4 0 1 Cream___ _ ___ _ ______ __ 3 .009 0 .008 .035 .2 0 .2 .8 4 . 131 . 154 . 130 .066 1.7 1.9 1.7 .9 30 20 6 O ther ta b le fa ts .__ ___________ _ 03 44 22 27 .608 .565 .665 .676 8 .0 7.3 8 .7 9 .3 Lard_ _ _________________ __ V eg eta b le sh o rte n in g . 4 .028 0 7 0 3 .043 .093 .4 0 .7 1.2 T a b le or cook in g o ils_________ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M a y o n n a ise an d oth er salad d r e s s in g ______ _ 28 12 6 10 .072 .062 .065 .109 1 .6 1.1 1.3 3 .1 B a co n , sm o k e d ____ _______ __ 59 26 15 18 .423 .401 .387 .517 9 .8 % . 7 9 .8 13.0 Salt sid e of p o r k _____ __ ___ __ 8 4 1 3 .047 .047 .014 .080 .8 8 .4 1.5 M e a t, p o u ltr y , fish an d other sea 2.508 1. 616 2.475 3. 550 41.3 28. 6 46 .4 73.1 food, to ta l _ _____ __ B eef: F resh: S tea k , p orterh ou se, sir lo in _____ 22 7 6 9 . 109 .058 .162 .205 2 .4 1.0 4 .0 4 .8 to p r o u n d __ ___ 8 1 2 5 .028 .005 .029 .09 3 .8 .1 .7 2 .6 o th e r________ . 2 .056 .05 6 .072 .040 10 5 3 .9 .8 1.2 .6 R o a st, rib_ __ __ _._ 16 8 2 6 . 128 . 107 .058 .252 2 .7 2 .2 .9 5.8 c h u c k ______ __ 10 6 1 3 .084 .090 .072 .080 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 o th e r_______ __ 1 0 1 .2 0 0 .017 0 .087 0 1.3 0 B o ilin g , c h u c k _________ 18 12 2 4 . 107 . 126 .029 .123 1.5 1.7 .6 1 .8 1 .058 .003 . 173 .026 p l a t e ... _ _ __ 7 2 4 .4 2 .3 .8 .5 o th e r .__ ______ 1 1 0 0 0 .014 .023 0 .2 .3 0 0 1 1 0 C a n n ed ________ ____________ 0 .006 .009 0 0 .1 0 0 00 1 .003 0 C o r n e d .. _ __ _ _ _____ 1 0 0 .013 .1 0 .3 0 0 0 0 D r ie d . _ _ _ __ _______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther ___ ___ ______ __ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V eal: F resh , stea k , c h o p s. _____ 12 4 3 5 .067 .047 .072 .119 1.4 9 1 .7 2 .6 r o a st.. ____________ 2 1 1 .3 0 .019 .013 .058 0 .2 .8 0 ste w _ _ _ _ 2 2 0 0 .022 .037 0 0 .3 .5 0 0 L a m b : F resh , c h o p s . _________ 5 0 2 3 .028 0 . 101 .040 .6 0 2 .4 .9 . 132 roast _ _____ 3 .043 .025 0 .8 .5 0 2 .6 5 2 0 ste w _ ________ 2 1 0 .2 1 .011 .005 0 .1 0 .6 .040 P o r k -F r e sh , ch op s ______ 36 16 8 12 . 156 . 138 . 130 .232 4 .2 3 .4 3 .8 6 .6 5 0 3 2 .029 0 . 101 .046 .7 0 2 .3 1.3 lo in r o a st.. __ _ o th e r . _ _______ 5 . 112 .072 . 152 .189 1.6 1.1 1.8 3 .1 15 7 3 S m ok ed h a m , s lic e s ___ 8 4 4 0 .044 .058 .050 0 1.0 1.3 1.2 0 h a lf or w h._ 2 .058 .021 . 152 .080 1.1 .4 2 .9 1.5 6 2 2 5 0 2 3 .055 0 p ic n ic . .087 . 182 1.0 0 1.7 3 .3 P ork s a u s a g e ____ 38 16 6 16 .446 .116 .079 .292 2.7 2 .0 1.7 5.6 O ther pork . . . . 6 .112 .086 . 108 .186 1.7 1.6 1.8 2 .2 21 10 5 M iscella n eo u s m eats, t o t a l . ___ . .225 .225 .119 .324 4 .0 3 .7 2 .2 6.1 0 0 O ther fresh m e a t.. _ ____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B o logn a, fra n k fu rte rs.. _ ____ 9 .091 .071 .083 . 152 1.6 1.1 1.6 2 .6 27 11 7 1.1 3 .022 .028 0 .026 .6 0 4 1 0 .6 C ooked : H a m _ _____________ .1 0 .007 (3) 0 1 0 0 1 .001 0 0 T o n g u e _____________ 21 10 3 8 .086 .089 .036 . 126 1.4 1.4 .6 2 .0 L iv e r . _______ _ ______ . . . _ _ .4 .6 0 .3 O ther m ea t p r o d u c ts— _ ___ __ 3 2 0 1 .025 .037 0 .013 4 .086 .031 .072 .252 2 .6 P o u ltry : C h ick en , b ro ilin g______ .9 2.3 7 .8 8 2 2 .8 .7 2 .2 0 roast __ __ 2 1 1 0 .043 .037 .108 0 1 .6 ste w _ __ _ 3 2 0 1 .036 .037 0 .066 .9 .9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T u r k e y .. ____ ________ 0 0 0 .2 0 1.2 0 1 0 0 0 .080 O ther _______ __ 1 .017 0 .289 . 191 .404 .458 4 .2 2 .4 5.2 8 .2 F ish an d oth er sea food, to t a l______ F ish : F re sh ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 43 14 12 17 .277 . 184 .372 .451 4 .0 2 .3 4 .9 8 .0 . 1 .3 .2 1 .012 .00 7 .032 .00 7 .2 4 1 2 C a n n ed _______ _______ __ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C u red ___ _______________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ysters __ _ _____________ ______ 0 o 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 o! 0 O ther sea fo o d ____________________ 0 0 0 i T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t f u ll -t i m e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of persons ea tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson a te 21 m ea ls d u rin g th e w eek , h e w a s c o u n ted as a fu ll-tim e p erson for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w a s c o u n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim a l e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 c en t. N o te s o n th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 380. W eek — 218 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 7 . — F o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g 1 w e e k i n s p r i n g q u a r te r , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D — N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed q u a n tity pu r A verage ex p en d itu re N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased p er p e r so n 1 in 1 per u sin g in 1 w eek p erson 4 in 1 w eek w eek E co n o m ic E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E co n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilie s lies sp en d in g F a m ilies sp en d in g sp en d in g per per ex p en d i Item per exp en d itu re A ll A ll A ll n d itu r e u n it per year fam i tu re u n it per fa m i fam i uexn itp eper yea r year lies lies lies U n $300 $400 U n $300 $400 U n $300 $400 der der to an d to an d der to an d $300 $400 over $300 $400 over $300 $400 ov er Food fo r U sed at H o m e and P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n W eek — C o n tin u ed at H om e in 1 N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. Lb. c t. C t. C t. C t. 7. 467 5 . 767 8. 681 11.168 35.0 24 9 41 .9 59.1 92 42 20 30 2. 753 2.279 2. 959 3.911 6.5 5 .0 6! 8 10! 4 P o ta to e s___________________________ 28 14 7 7 .248 .196 .347 .305 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.2 S w eetp o ta to es, y a m s------------------.634 . 627 . 636 . 650 3.5 3. 3 2 8 5. 0 D r ift^ lA gnm es an d n u ts, to ta l--0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D r ied c o r n .. _ _ ---------------0 0 0 o' 60 30 13 17 .543 . 537 .578 .526 2.5 2 .2 2 .2 3 .4 B ean s: D r y ------------------------------1 0 1 0 .007 0 C an n ed , d ried __ ___ .036 0 0 .3 0 (3) 0 0 0 0 0 B a k ed , n o t ca n n ed -----0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 0 2 .015 .007 0 .1 P eas: B la c k -e y e d ______________ .053 .1 0 .4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther ------------------- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N u ts: S h e lle d ---------- - - - - - -0 0 0 1 1 0 0 .003 .005 0 0 In s h e l l - .. - - - - - 0 0 (3) (3) 18 11 2 5 .066 .078 .022 .071 .9 1 .0 .3 1 .2 P ea n u t b u tte r __________________ 0 0 0 0 o o o o 9 2 5 2 .047 .033 . 116 .026 .5 .2 1.3 T o m a to es: F re sh . . - ---------------.3 34 15 7 12 . 182 . 140 . 195 .288 1.4 1.1 1.5 2 .2 C a n n e d .__ --. 2 2 0 0 .005 .008 0 J u ice_____________ - 0 .1 0 0 (3) 1 1 0 0 .005 .008 0 Sauce, p a ste 0 .1 0 0 (3) G reen an d lea fy v e g s., to ta l------- _____ ____ ____ _____ 1. 259 1.006 1.297 1.952 7.6 5.5 8 .0 13.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B ru ssels sp r o u ts----------------------0 0 0 0 0 45 20 11 14 .402 .341 .499 .488 1.4 1 .2 1 .8 1.7 C a b b a g e----- ------------------ --- - - 6 4 0 2 .041 .048 0 .2 .060 S a u erk ra u t_______ . . - - - - .2 0 .5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C o lla r d s .. _ ______ - -------------0 0 0 28 12 7 9 .216 . 164 .202 .378 1.2 .8 1 .0 2 .5 K a le _____________________ ____ 30 11 9 10 .067 .051 .087 .093 .8 L e ttu c e _________________________ .5 1.2 1.2 26 10 5 11 .208 .135 . 130 .484 1.2 .7 S p in ach : F r e sh . --------- ------.7 3 .0 3 2 0 1 .010 .012 0 C an n ed ________ . .016 .1 .1 0 .1 5 3 2 0 .036 .033 .087 0 O ther le a fy v e g eta b le s------------.2 .2 .6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A sp aragu s: F r e s h ------------------0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 .003 0 C a n n e d _________ _ 0 .013 (3) 0 0 .2 2 2 0 0 .008 .014 0 L im a beans: F resh _ __ ___ 0 .1 .2 0 0 2 1 0 1 .007 .006 0 C a n n e d __________ .016 .1 (3) 0 .2 27 11 8 8 .185 . 133 .253 .272 1.7 1.1 2.3 2 .7 B ean s, sn a p (strin g ): F r e s h .__ 3 3 0 C anned. 0 .010 .018 0 0 .1 .2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B roccoli _____ ______ _____ 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 P eas: F re sh ------- --------- ---------0 .020 .033 0 0 .1 .2 0 0 13 3 2 C a n n e d - ______ _____ 8 .043 .018 .025 .132 .4 .1 .3 1.4 1 0 1 .014 0 0 .003 0 0 P ep p ers _. ________________ .1 0 (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O kra__________ _____________ -0 0 0 Y e llo w veg eta b les, to ta l. .095 .084 .144 .080 .5 .4 .8 .5 17 7 5 5 .095 .084 .144 .080 C arrots_________ __ ----------.5 .4 .8 .5 0 0 0 W in te r sq u a sh an d p u m p k in . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .502 .311 .717 .844 3 .2 2 .0 4. 5 6 .2 O ther veg eta b les, t o t a l4 ______ 1 0 0 1 .006 0 0 B eets: F re sh — _ _____________ .026 (3) 0 0 .2 2 1 1 C a n n ed __________ _____ .018 0 0 .003 0 0 .1 0 (3) 1 0 1 C a u liflo w e r ., ________ r __ _ 0 .006 0 .029 0 0 .3 0 (3) 11 2 5 4 .031 .009 .072 .053 .2 (3) C e ler y _______________ •--------------.5 .3 0 0 0 0 C orn: O n ear_____________ _____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 11 7 11 .158 .111 .172 .282 1.2 .9 1.4 2 .1 C a n n e d ._____ _______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C u c u m b er ______________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E g g p la n t_______________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 16 11 16 .241 .168 .383 .318 1.1 O n ions: M a tu r e . _ -----------------.8 1.4 1.6 14 5 2 S p rin g ___________ 7 .039 .023 .022 .099 .4 .2 .2 .9 2 0 1 1 .007 0 .007 .026 (3) P a r sn ip s_________________ 0 .1 .1 0 0 0 S u m m er sq u a sh _______________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 .008 0 0 .040 (3) 0 W h ite tu r n ip s________ __ 0 .2 .014 0 1 0 1 Y e llo w tu rn ip s, r u ta b a g a . . . 0 .003 0 0 .1 0 (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther v e g eta b le s_______ _ _ _ . 1 .4 .3 P ick le s an d o liv es _________ .8 .468 .293 .696 .750 3 .0 1.9 4 .7 4 .8 C itru s fru its, to ta l _ ______ 17 6 8 3 .067 .029 .177 .073 .6 .3 1.5 L e m o n s .._______ __ __________ .8 27 11 5 11 .284 .203 .278 .517 1.8 1.3 2 .0 3.1 O ranges____________ ____________ 15 5 5 5 .117 .061 .241 .160 .6 .3 1.2 .9 G rapefruit: F resh ___ _ _ ___ 0 0 0 0 o 1 0 0 0 0 C an n ed ________ ‘1 0 0 0 1T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u ted on th e b asis of th e n u m b er of p erson s eatin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d ata a p p ly . If a person ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , h e w a s cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, he w as co u n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. 4 D o e s n o t in c lu d e p ick les an d oliv es. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. TABULAR 219 summary T a b l e 7 . — P o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g 1 w ee k i n s p r i n g q u a r te r , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued I N D I A N A P O L I S , I N D .— N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed N u m b e r of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g per e x p e n d i A ll tu re u n it per A ll fam i fam i year lies lies U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 over Item Food fo r A v erage q u a n tity pu r ch ased per p e r so n 1 in 1 w eek A verage ex p en d itu re per person U n 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i lies U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 over E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n $300 $400 der to an d $300 $400 over U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n s u m p tio n W eek — C o n tin u ed at H om e in 1 N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. 1. 269 0. 782 1. 574 2. 362 7. 6 4. 2 9. 8 15. 0 48 20 11 17 .715 . 535 . 737 1. 206 2.9 1.9 3. 5 5.1 A p p les: F r e sh ------------- ------------1 0 0 1 .003 0 C anned. . . . _ . _ 0 .013 (3) 0 0 .1 0 0 A pricots: F r e s h .,... _ ------. . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C a n n ed ___ __ ______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 5 6 17 . 237 . 079 .275 .650 1.3 .4 1.7 3.6 B a n a n a s. . . . __ . . . 5 .071 .021 . 173 .119 B erries: F r e sh _____. . . --------------11 2 4 .8 .2 1.5 1.9 C an n ed __ . . . 3 1 1 1 .017 .006 . 054 .016 .4 .1 (3) .1 Cherries: F re sh ___ _____ ______ 1 0 0 1 .003 0 0 .2 .013 (3) 0 0 C an n ed ____________ . 7 2 2 3 .049 .023 .090 .083 .4 .3 .5 .6 G rapes: F re sh . __ _ ___________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C a n n e d .______ _. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P each es: F r e s h . ________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C anned. _ .. 8 3 4 1 .056 .029 . 123 .070 .6 .4 1.1 .6 P ears: F r e s h ___ ______ _______ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 C a n n ed _________________ 1 . 005 0 .007 .016 .1 0 .3 .1 2 0 1 P in ea p p le: F re sh ________________ 1 .011 0 . 029 .026 .4 .1 0 .1 C an n ed . . . . . . _ _ 5 3 0 2 . 019 .02 0 0 .5 .3 .3 0 .033 M e lo n s .. . . . ______ _. . . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P lu m s: F resh ___ __ _________. . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C an n ed __________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther fru it_________ _. _. __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C id er. __ . . . ________ ________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G rape ju ic e _______________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther fru it ju ices_______ . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D ried : A p rico ts___ __ _______ 2 1 0 .2 .2 .3 1 .011 .009 .014 .013 .1 8 4 2 .4 .4 P e a c h e s ... . . . ______ __ 2 .031 .028 .043 .026 .4 .5 2 .036 .028 .029 .066 P r u n e s ______________ 6 3 1 .2 .2 .7 .3 2 1 0 .2 R a isin s_____ __ 1 . 005 . 004 0 . 012 . 1 (3) 0 D a te s . _. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 F ig s---------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O th er____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sugars an d sw eets, to tal 1. 535 1.131 2. 255 2. 020 8. 7 6. 5 12. 5 11.9 Sugars: W h ite . __ _______ __ _ 96 41 24 31 1. 342 .953 1. 886 1.949 7.3 5.1 10.7 10.5 B r o w n . __________ _ 5 1 3 1 .022 . 014 .058 .013 . 1 . 1 .3 .1 .4 O ther sw eets: C a n d y . _ _. _ 3 .065 .017 . 264 .020 .7 .5 13 6 4 .3 J e llie s. ____. . . 2 . 023 . 023 . 018 .025 .2 (3) .4 .6 8 2 4 M o la sses, siru p s. _ 1 .083 . 124 .029 .013 .7 1.0 .4 .2 13 10 2 O ther sw e e ts. __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 .4 6 .2 10.9 13.3 M iscella n eo u s, to ta l __ . . . ____ G e la tin e .. _ . . . ____________ ._ 2 1 1 0 . 042 .056 .047 0 . 1 . 1 .1 0 P ack ag ed dessert m ix tu res . . . 4 3 1 . 1 .2 .1 0 0 .004 .005 .003 0 T e a ____ __ ______ ________ 21 9 6 6 .010 .009 .010 .013 .6 .4 .9 1.0 C offee____________ __ _______ 75 31 16 28 .206 . 155 .217 .338 4.3 3.0 4 .8 7.7 .4 4 4 0 .2 .1 0 C ocoa___ __ ______ _______ __ 0 .014 .023 .003 0 .007 0 C h o co la te_______ ____. . . . . . 0 .001 0 0 .1 0 1 0 1 (3) .4 .2 .5 V in egar___________ ________ __ ._ .3 . 1 1.0 .4 .3 S a lt________________________________ . 1 1.1 B a k in g p ow d er, y e a st, so d a . __ .6 .5 . 1 . 3 .6 .2 S p ices an d extra cts _ _ _ _ _ _ .1 C atsu p s, sa u c e s._______ ______ __ 0 0 (3) .2 .1 0 T o m a to so u p _____________________ 4 3 1 0 .012 .018 .010 0 .1 .1 .1 0 0 O ther so u p s _______ ____________ 0 .004 .007 0 0 1 1 0 0 C od -liver o il_______ ____________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P ro p rietary fo o d s. . . . __________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 .003 0 0 .5 O ther foods _ _ _ _ _________ .013 .1 0 1 0 0 0 .8 .7 1.5 .9 3 .083 .059 .201 .073 Soft d rinks con su m ed at hom e__ 13 5 5 .069 0 .5 0 2 .2 0 O ther drin k s con su m ed at h o m e . 2 0 2 0 .020 0 Sales tax on fo o d .__ _________ . . . } T h e n u m b er of e q iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u te d on th e b a sis of th e n u m b er of p erson s e a tin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ic h th e d a ta a p p ly . If a person ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , he w a s co u n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w a s c o u n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s o n th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 380. 220 T east north central region able 7 .— F o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g w ee k i n w i n t e r q u a r te r , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued 1 L A N S IN G , M I C H —W H IT E F A M IL IE S A ll fam i lies Ite m Food fo r 1 33 4.90 4.00 A verage q u a n tity p u r ch a sed per p e r so n 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lie s sp en d in g per e x p e n d i A ll tu re u n it per A ll fa m i fam i year lie s lie s U n $400 $600 der to a n d $400 $600 o v er Ite m U n d er $400 $400 to $600 83 3.61 3.04 N u m b e r o f fam ilies su rv ey ed in w in ter q u a rter____ __ A verage n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons 1 per fa m ily in 1 w e e k .. __ _ ___ _ _ _ __ _ ______ A verage n u m b er of food ex p en d itu re u n its 2 per fa m ily i n i w e e k _______ ____________________ N u m b e r of fa m ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F am ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year $600 an d over 28 3.04 2.61 22 2.40 2. 14 A verage ex p en d itu re per p erson 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per ex p e n d itu r e A ll fam i u n it p er yea r lie s $400 $600 U n $400 $600 to an d der to an d $600 o v er $400 $600 ov er E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per e x p en d itu re u n it p er yea r U n der $400 U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in W eek N c. N c . N o. N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. C t. 217.2 155. 3 265. 2 328. 7 3. 762 4.768 4. 627 35. 5 29. 1 42. 6 42. 7 2.187 3.164 2. 346 23.3 17.9 31. 5 25. 5 1.817 1.940 1. 273 13.6 13.8 15.2 10.3 80 33 26 21 .162 .423 .271 2 .4 1.4 4 .0 2.5 9 29 12 8 .034 .043 . 121 .4 2 7 2 3 .2 .4 1.1 .061 .259 . 150 1.8 .6 3.4 2 .6 45 13 19 13 4 0 .027 .069 6 0 2 .3 0 .3 1.1 .013 .023 .020 .2 2 6 1 3 .1 .4 .4 .052 . 131 . 141 1.8 1.0 2.6 3.1 30 12 9 9 21 6 10 5 .037 .118 . 133 1.5 .7 2.2 2.6 12 5 5 2 .006 .098 .005 .5 .1 1.5 .1 .005 . 102 . 163 .8 (3) 1. 5 1. 7 41 15 14 12 .085 . 117 . 114 1.9 1.9 2 .4 1.3 1.490 1.487 2.167 10.3 9. 3 8. 7 15.9 .962 .932 1.268 4.8 4 .2 4. 0 8 .0 68 30 22 16 0 0 3 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 .039 . 104 . 182 9 3 3 3 .5 .2 .5 1.4 3 .029 .053 0 17 9 5 .2 .3 .3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 5 5 2 .010 .038 .012 .2 .1 .4 .1 4 23 9 10 .060 .0 /5 .056 .4 .4 .4 .4 42 18 12 12 .168 .132 .368 1.6 1.5 1.3 2.5 22 10 6 6 .041 .058 .083 .9 .7 .8 1.4 4 0 2 2 0 0 .012 (3) 0 0 .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 9 37 17 11 . 181 .095 .186 1.7 1.9 1.0 2 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 79 32 25 22 .431 .612 .610 11.0 9 .0 13.2 13.9 4. 352 5. 512 7. 975 27. 3 20.8 30. 5 41. 9 79 29 28 22 4. 012 4. 944 7. 375 20.8 17.1 21.3 31.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 1 .016 .023 .059 .1 (3) .1 .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 26 13 9 .199 .241 .143 1.7 1.6 2 .0 1.4 36 11 15 10 .056 . 156 .173 2.5 1.2 3 .9 4.1 20 7 6 7 .060 .097 .119 1.0 .7 1.4 1.4 6 1 3 2 .009 .008 .035 .4 .2 .5 .7 8 0 5 3 0 .043 .071 .8 0 1.3 2. 5 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is com p u ted on th e b asis of th e n u m b er of persons eatin g m eals at h o m e d uring th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals during th e w eek , h e w as cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th at w eek . If he ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w a s cou n ted as th e ap propriate d ecim al eq u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 2 T h e n u m b er of exp en d itu re u n its per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e b asis of th e exp en d itu re u n its rep resented b y th e e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons eatin g m eals at h o m e d uring th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. T o ta l________________ ________________ G rain p rod u cts, to ta l_____ B read an d oth er b ak ed goods, t o t a l.. __ __________ __ B read: W h ite _______________ G ra h am , w h . w h e a t. R y e __________________ C rack ers__________ __ __ P la in r o lls .- . __ __ _ _ _ S w eet rolls—_ _ __ _ _ _ C o o k ie s ..- _ _ _ ___________ C ak es — __ _ __ _ _ P ie s .. _________ - _______ _ O th er______ ________________ R ea d y -to -ea t cereals_____ F lou r an d oth er cereals, to ta l-. F lour: W h ite ._ . ____ G r a h a m .. . O th er_________________ C orn m eal _______________ H o m in y ___________ . . __ C o rn starch ______ ______ __ R ic e . _ ___ ___ __ __ R o lled o a ts_____ _________ W h eat cereal _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ T a p io c a ____ _____ ___________ S a go— _ ________________ M acaron i, sp a gh etti, n o o d les_______________ _____ O ther grain p r o d u c ts________ E g g s---------------------------------------------M ilk , cheese, ice cream , to ta l _ M ilk : F resh, w h ole— b o ttle d „ lo o se____ sk im m e d ____ _ b u tterm ilk an d oth er_______ __ S k im m ed , d ried ___ _ E v a p o ra ted an d con d sd . C heese: A m erican . _ __ __ C o tta g e . ... . . O th er________________ Ice crea m . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4.199 2.492 1. 756 .255 .052 . 133 .020 .017 .090 .077 .032 .060 .099 1.608 1.008 0 .083 .031 0 .018 .063 . 193 .053 .002 0 . 157 0 .508 5.311 4. 869 0 0 .017 0 .201 .105 .081 .013 .025 221 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 7 .— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued L A N S I N G , M I C H .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed q u a n tity p u r A verage exp en d itu re N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased per p e r so n 1 in 1 per u sin g in 1 w eek p erson 1 in 1 w eek w eek Item Food Used at Home and Purchased for Consumption at Home in 1 Week—Continued Butter___ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ Cream________ _ ----------- --Other table fats _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Lard___________________________ Vegetable shortening_____ ___ _ Table or cooking oils__________ M ayonnaise and other salad dressing_____________ _______ Bacon, sm oked________________ Salt side of pork__ __ ___ _ ___ M eat, poultry, fish and other sea Beef: Fresh: steak, porterhouse, sir loin, _ _______ top r o u n d _____ oth er,_ _ __ roast, rib _ _ _ _ _ chuck. _ __ other___ __ boiling, chuck ___ plate _ other. _________ Canned— __ ___ _ __ __ _ _ Corned. _ _ _ _ _ __ Dried_____ _ ________ Other ___ _ ___________ ______ Veal: Fresh, steak, chops. _ _ roast ____ _______ stew . . . _ Lamb: Fresh, chops._ . . . . . . roast. __ _________ s t e w . . ___ _____ Pork: Fresh, chops. ____ _____ loin roast.. _ _ _ other _ . . . _ . . . Smoked ham, slices__ _ half or w h _ picnic _ _ Pork sausage. __ _ ______ Other pork._ . . . __ _ _ Miscellaneous meats, total. Other fresh m eat____ __ __ Bologna, frankfu rters_____ . . . Cooked: H a m . . ____ _ Tongue_______ _ __ _ Liver____ _ _______________ Other meat products _ __ __ _ Poultry: Chicken, broiling_______ roast.. . ____ stew _________ T urkey_________________ Other_____ _ ___ _ __ Economic level—Fam i lies spending per expendi All ture unit per All fami fam i year lies lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over No. No. No. No. Lb. 1. 268 69 25 26 18 .418 25 3 8 14 . 134 21 12 4 5 . 129 69 30 24 15 .271 9 4 1 4 .032 4 2 2 0 .017 41 13 18 10 . 126 9 . 122 31 9 13 2 .019 9 5 2 1.949 25 8 5 15 5 4 5 2 2 19 4 8 14 5 6 10 4 2 9 3 5 1 0 1 6 4 1 6 3 0 1 0 1 12 3 5 13 4 6 9 2 5 3 1 1 3 1 2 6 0 3 2 1 0 1 0 1 17 5 9 5 2 3 13 3 6 6 1 4 2 1 0 3 1 2 16 7 4 6 3 3 0 0 0 24 14 6 5 0 2 0 0 0 16 8 2 4 1 2 3 1 1 4 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ 12 "’ "6 2 27 8 10 2 1 0 3 1 2 1 0 0 12 6 1 7 3 4 1 0 1 3 0 4 3 2 1 0 3 1 0 3 0 4 1 1 0 5 0 0 4 3 0 6 1 1 3 1 0 0 .148 .079 .041 . 163 . 190 . 112 .083 .012 .036 .005 .003 .008 .086 .048 . 021 .013 .019 .018 .001 .082 . 036 .051 .029 .063 .021 .060 .029 . 186 0 . 106 .012 0 . 044 .024 .014 .061 .039 0 0 . 192 .065 .098 .009 . 018 .002 Economic level— Families spending per expenditure All unit per year fami lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit per year U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Lb. 0. 979 .341 . 012 . 155 .267 .016 .012 .080 .090 .006 1.482 Lb. 1.409 .515 . 122 .065 .298 .010 . 038 .198 .136 .027 2.230 Lb. 1. 926 .498 .525 . 150 .241 .118 0 .151 . 198 .045 2. 922 Ct. 32.2 15.6 2.7 2.0 4.6 .7 .4 2.4 3.4 .4 41.9 Ct. 23.8 12.3 .2 2.6 4.4 .3 .2 1.5 2.2 .1 26.6 Ct. 37.2 19. 5 2.3 .9 5.0 .2 1.0 3.8 3.9 .6 49.4 .115 .051 .035 .065 .219 . 110 .060 0 .043 0 0 .003 .061 .010 . 002 .016 0 .018 0 .054 .026 .031 .008 .094 0 .062 .031 . 175 0 . 130 0 0 .045 0 0 0 .027 0 0 . 166 .067 .067 .016 .016 0 . 101 .096 .055 .232 . 165 .091 . 160 .042 .011 0 .011 .009 . 139 .069 . 032 .016 .032 0 .005 . 123 .077 .096 .071 0 .074 .042 .042 . 168 0 .094 .028 0 .011 .035 .048 .044 0 0 0 . 179 .029 . 118 0 .032 0 .322 . 137 .035 .350 . 139 . 155 .028 0 .056 .028 0 .022 .076 . 130 . 058 0 .056 .047 0 . 100 0 .039 .028 .069 0 .081 0 . 253 0 .053 . 021 0 .096 .083 0 .278 . 139 0 0 .296 .118 . 161 .003 o . 0141 4.0 2.2 .8 3.1 3.4 1.9 1.2 .2 .4 .1 .1 .5 1.3 1.3 .8 .2 .6 .3 (3) 2.0 1.0 1.0 .9 1.9 .4 1.3 .5 3.8 0 1.8 .5 0 .8 .7 .4 1.7 .9 0 0 3.7 1.3 1.8 .1 .4 .1 2.5 1.4 .5 1.1 3.6 1.8 .7 0 .5 0 0 .2 .9 .3 .1 .2 0 .2 0 1.0 .8 .3 .2 2.4 0 1.3 .4 2.8 0 2.2 0 0 .6 0 0 0 .7 0 0 2.7 1.0 1.1 .2 .4 0 2.8 2.8 1.1 4.3 3.6 1.5 2.6 .4 .2 0 .2 .6 1.9 2.0 1.3 .4 .9 0 .1 3.4 1.8 2.2 2.2 0 1.4 .9 .9 3.4 0 1.6 1.0 0 .2 .6 1.4 1.4 0 0 0 3.7 .7 Ct. 49.8 19. 5 10.8 2.1 4.2 2.5 0 3.3 6.3 1.1 75.7 10.3 3.8 1.1 7.5 2.4 2.8. .4 0 .6 .6 0 1.4 1.6 3.3 2.1 0 1.7 1.4 0 3.0 0 1.0 1.0 3.6 0 2.2 0 6.6 0 .8 1.0 0 2.0 2.8 0 7.4 2.9 0 0 7.0 3.0 2 .2 3.3 .2 0 .8 0 .6 0 F ish an d oth er sea food, to ta l ______ F ish : F resh _________ _____________ 4 C an n ed _ ____________ __ 9 C u r ed _______ __ __ . . . __ 1 O ysters . . . _________ __ _______ 0 O ther sea fo o d . _ __ _ ___________ 1 i T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is com p u ted on th e basis of th e n u m b er of p erson s ea tin g m eals at h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals during th e w eek , he w as cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e p erson for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w as co u n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person, s L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 380. 222 BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 7 .— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued L A N S I N G , M IC H .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed q u a n tity p u r A verage exp en d itu re N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased per p erson 1 in per u sin g in 1 w eek person 4 in 1 w eek 1 w eek E co n o m ic E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E co n o m ic le v e l— le v e l— F a m ilies lie s sp en d in g F a m ilie s sp en d in g sp en d in g per A ll per ex p en d i A ll A ll per exp en d itu re en d itu re fam i tu re u n it per fam i fam i uexp u n it per year n it per year lies year lies lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 der to an d der to an d der to an d $400 $600 over $400 $600 over $400 $600 over Ite m F ood u sed fo r at H o m e C o n su m p tio n and at P u rch a sed H om e in 1 N o. N o. N o. N o. — C o n tin u ed V e g e ta b les an d fru its, t o t a l4. 77 32 27 18 P o ta to e s - ___ - . . -S w eetp o ta to es, y a m s ._ 7 0 3 4 D r ied leg u m es an d n u ts, to ta l. _ D r ied c o r n ._ _ . ... .. 0 0 0 0 28 11 13 4 B ean s: D r y ------------------------------2 1 0 1 C an n ed , d ried ____ __ . B a k ed , n o t ca n n e d ____ 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 P eas: B la c k -e y e d --------------------1 1 1 0 0 O th er---------------------------7 1 3 N u ts: S h e lle d ________. . . . . 3 4 1 2 In s h e ll.. . ---------. . . 1 32 13 12 P ea n u t b u tte r __________ ._ . . 7 O ther dried leg u m es an d n u ts T o m a to es: F resh __ ________ _ _ 5 0 3 2 C a n n e d . . . _. 42 22 11 9 7 0 3 4 J u ic e .. . . . . . . 1 1 0 S a u ce, p a ste___ __ 0 G reen a n d lea fy v eg s., t o t a l ____ B ru ssels sp r o u ts____. . . _ .. 0 0 0 0 36 16 12 C a b b a g e. . . . ____ __ _ . . 8 S a u e r k r a u t.. _ . --------- --18 8 6 4 1 0 0 C o lla rd s_____________ . 1 0 0 0 K a le ______ _____ . . . 0 49 14 19 16 L e ttu c e ____________ -1 0 1 S p in a ch : F r e sh . . . . _ -----0 9 2 3 C a n n e d . ________ 4 O ther le a fy v eg eta b les _. . . 2 1 1 0 A sp aragu s: F re sh __ ------0 0 0 0 C an n ed ________ 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 L im a beans: F r e sh ____ . . . 0 C a n n e d ___ 9 4 2 3 B ea n s, sn a p (strin g): F resh ____ 5 1 2 2 C anned— 22 11 7 4 B r o c c o li_____ . . . -------------0 0 0 0 P eas: F r e sh --------------------3 0 1 2 C a n n ed ____ . . . . _. . . 38 13 12 13 4 0 1 P e p p e r s. _ . ----------- _ _ __ 3 O k ra___ . . . _______ __ _ _ 0 0 0 0 Y e llo w v e g eta b le s, to ta l________ C a rrots. . . . . . . ._ ________ 43 16 15 12 W in te r sq u a sh an d p u m p k in _ 6 3 2 1 O th er v e g eta b le s, t o t a l4____ __ B eets: F re sh ____ _ _ . __ 1 0 0 1 C a n n ed ____ _____ _ _ 17 8 6 3 C a u liflo w e r _________ ________ 2 1 0 1 C e ler y ------------------------ ----------31 8 11 12 C orn: O n ea r . _ __________. . . 1 0 1 0 C a n n ed _ __ _ _ ____ 29 16 10 3 C u cu m b er _. ________________ 1 0 1 0 E g g p la n t----------------------------------0 0 0 0 O n ions: M a tu r e .. ____________ 46 21 15 10 S p rin g . -----------0 0 0 0 P a r sn ip s_________ _ _ .. . . . __ 5 3 2 0 S u m m er sq u a sh _______________ 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 W h ite tu r n ip s. . . ______ Y e llo w tu rn ip s, ru ta b a g a . . . . 3 7 3 1 2 5 1 2 O th er v e g eta b le s___ __ P ick le s an d o liv e s_______ . . . . C itru s fru its, to ta l____________ _ L e m o n s____ ________________ __ 17 7 5 5 52 19 17 16 O ranges---------------------G rapefruit: F resh ____ . . . . 16 5 5 6 C a n n e d .............. .. 1 0 0 1 1 See foo tn o te 1, p . 223. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. Notes in th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. W eek L b. L b. L b. L b. O f. C t. C t. 065 9. 734 9.130 37.6 23.8 52. 3 1. 844 3. 378 .940 1.8 1.5 3.0 .4 0 0 .106 .222 .5 . 219 . 266 . 199 2 .4 2 .2 3. 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 122 . 112 .150 .7 .8 .7 .014 0 0 .1 0 (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 .1 0 0 .007 0 .2 .00 2 .010 0 .1 (3) (3) .002 .002 .012 .2 .1 .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .079 .135 .037 1.4 1.2 2 .2 0 0 0 0 0 0 .4 0 0 .6 .037 .067 . 124 . 153 .072 1.0 1.0 1.4 .2 0 0 .048 .046 .4 .011 0 .0 . 1 .2 0 .613 1. 225 1. 230 7.4 4.1 10.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 .235 .440 .2 2 2 .9 .7 1.4 .4 .057 .084 .056 .5 .3 .1 0 0 0 . 166 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .070 .236 .321 2.1 1.0 3 .0 .1 0 .042 0 0 .2 .022 .045 .061 .4 .2 .5 .016 0 0 0 (3) (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 .1 0 0 .013 .00 8 .2 .1 .2 .031 .00 6 0 .1 .1 .00 8 .024 0 .1 .3 .023 .013 .051 .2 .1 .2 .4 1 .2 .059 . 122 .016 .6 0 0 0 0 0 0 .2 0 .2 0 .013 .053 .092 .182 .269 1.9 1.1 2 .4 .2 0 0 .4 .00 5 .00 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 130 . 244 . 278 1. 3 .8 1. 7 . 114 .244 .22 0 1.2 .7 1.7 .016 0 .1 .1 0 .058 .462 . 602 .693 4. 5 3 .0 6. 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 .2 .2 .023 .02 2 .035 .2 0 .1 0 0 .017 0 .039 . 140 . 197 1.2 .5 1.7 0 0 .1 .01 0 0 (3) .104 .133 .072 1.2 1 .2 1.5 0 .00 5 0 0 .1 (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 .6 .6 . 128 . 126 .248 .6 .00 2 0 0 0 (3) (3) .055 .05 3 0 .1 .1 .3 0 0 0 0 0 0 .1 0 0 .098 0 (3) .2 .00 5 .05 0 . I l l . 1 .3 .4 .1 .0 0 8 .063 .013 .8 .1 1.1 .5 1. 275 . 706 1. 515 2. 627 7. 7 4 .4 8 .9 .07 0 .053 .069 . 123 .8 .6 .6 .852 .505 1. 062 1. 576 5 .4 3.1 7.0 .350 . 148 .384 .912 1.4 .7 1.3 .00 3 0 0 .016 .1 0 0 4 D o e s n o t in clu d e p ick les an d oliv es. 7 . 063 2. 120 .069 . 228 0 . 124 .007 0 .002 .004 .004 0 .087 0 .022 .123 .022 .006 .893 0 .291 .064 .029 0 .160 .012 .036 .00 8 0 .00 5 .018 .011 .025 . 069 0 .013 . 149 .003 0 . 189 .170 .01 9 . 541 0 .025 .00 3 .095 .003 .107 .001 0 . 148 .001 .045 0 .053 .036 .024 5. C t. 58.9 .8 1.2 2. 4 0 .8 0 0 0 0 .8 0 .8 0 1.1 .7 .4 0 12. 7 0 .8 .4 .8 0 3 .9 0 .9 0 0 .3 0 0 .5 .1 0 1 .0 3.6 .4 0 1.6 1.5 .1 7. 3 0 .3 .3 2.5 0 .9 0 0 .8 0 0 0 0 .7 .9 .9 15.4 1.3 9.8 4 .0 .3 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 7.— 223 Food used at home and purchased, for consumption at home during 1 week in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued L A N S I N G , M IC H .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed Number of families using in 1week Economic level—Fami lies spending All per expendi All unit per fami fami tureyear lies lies Un $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Item Food jo r Average quantity pur chased per person1in week Average expenditure per person1in 1week Economic level— Families spending per expenditure All unit per year fami lies Un $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit per year Un $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at F lo m e in 1 Continued Other fruits, total_________ __ Apples: Fresh__ ----------------Canned. _________ Apricots: Fresh_______ Canned____ ____ Bananas...___ _ _ ___ Berries: Fresh. ___ __ _ ... Canned__ _____... Cherries: Fresh— __ __ ___ Canned----------------Grapes: Fresh____ ______ Canned___ _____ Peaches: Fresh__ ______ . Canned__ __ ____ Pears: Fresh__________ ___ Canned._______ __ __ Pineapple: Fresh__________ Canned----- _. _ Melons_________________ Plums: Fresh______ __ ___ Canned_____ ______ Other fruit________ __ ... _ Cider. _______ _____ _ _ Grape juice_. __ ___ _____ Other fruit juices____ _____ Dried: Apricots_____ ___ ... Peaches. __________ Prunes___ ___ ____ Raisins___ _____ ___ Dates_________ ____ Figs-----------------------Other___ __ _____ _ Sugars and sweets, total.. __ __ _ Sugars: White. ._ _____ _ ... Brown_______ ____ Other sweets: Candy. ____ ____ Jellies___ ___ Molasses, sirups__ Other sweets. __ Miscellaneous, total. _ . . . __ Gelatine.._ __ ____ ______ Packaged dessert mixtures . . . Tea__________________ Coffee____ _ _ ____ ._ ... Cocoa_______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Chocolate.. __ _______ ___ Vinegar—. __ _ ________ _ _ Salt____________________ Baking powder, yeast, soda. _ Spices and extracts _ ____ _ Catsups, sauces______ __ Tomato soup___ _ _______ _ Other soups__ _______ __ Cod-liver oil ____________ Proprietary foods__________ Other foods. _ ______ __ _ Soft drinks consumed at home.. Other drinks consumed at home. Sales tax on food___ ____ ____ W eek — N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. 47 18 17 3 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 47 20 21 4 1 1 13 7 5 0 0 0 13 7 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 35 15 11 0 0 0 13 5 3 1 0 1 19 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 3 0 2 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 13 5 5 23 9 10 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 2 12 0 0 1 6 2 1 0 2 0 0 0 9 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 0 3 4 1 0 0 82 33 28 32 15 10 21 8 7 21 6 8 18 10 4 21 7 6 7 4 20 5 7 12 5 5 33 15 9 72 30 26 24 15 5 3 0 2 8 2 9 16 4 1 14 16 15 6 0 3 19 5 6 8 1 0 0 5 5 4 5 1 0 2 9 L b. L b. L b. 1. 575 .821 .004 0 .002 .475 .008 .011 0 .012 0 0 .008 .057 0 .009 .003 .022 0 0 0 .008 0 .017 .005 .002 .001 .046 .055 .006 0 .003 1.366 1.056 . 137 .078 .018 .077 0 0. 956 .367 0 0 0 .369 .006 .010 0 .011 0 0 0 .046 0 0 0 .040 0 0 0 0 0 .031 0 .004 .002 .031 .039 0 0 0 .951 .731 .089 .061 .012 .058 0 2.160 .944 .013 0 0 .793 0 .019 0 .013 0 0 .026 .053 0 0 .011 .075 0 0 0 .018 0 0 .006 0 0 .065 .102 .012 0 .010 1.768 1.358 .202 .086 .015 . 107 0 2. 756 2.015 0 0 .014 .285 .030 0 0 .014 0 0 0 .097 0 .049 0 . 106 0 0 0 .020 0 0 .019 0 0 .062 .028 .017 0 0 1.987 1.564 . 178 .117 .042 .086 0 .018 .028 .036 .251 .045 .005 .012 .023 .028 .215 .051 0 .034 .028 .027 .298 .026 .016 .012 .041 .073 .286 .056 .003 .047 .074 .066 .047 .027 .021 0 .011 0 0 .056 0 .070 .773 .035 .070 .009 .010 0 .056 .251 4 .053 6 .062 2 .022 4 .005 0 0 1 .026 5 .302 C t. 10.4 3.3 (3) 0 (3) 2.8 .2 .2 0 .1 0 0 .1 .8 0 .1 .1 .9 0 0 0 .1 0 .2 .1 .1 (3) .6 .6 .1 0 (3) 9.1 5.7 .8 1.6 .2 .8 0 22.6 .5 .9 1.9 7.0 .8 .2 (3) 1.0 .9 1.3 .5 .6 .8 1.3 .3 0 .3 4.3 C t. 6. 6 1.5 0 0 0 2.1 .1 .2 0 .2 0 0 0 .7 0 0 0 .6 0 0 0 0 0 .3 0 .2 (3) .3 .4 0 0 0 6.2 3.9 .5 1.1 .2 .5 C t. 15. 2 4.4 .1 0 0 5.0 0 .4 0 .1 0 0 .4 .8 0 0 .3 1.2 0 0 0 .1 0 0 .1 0 0 .9 1.1 .1 0 .2 11.4 7.4 1.1 1.6 .2 1.1 0 28.6 .8 .8 1.1 9.0 .5 .5 0 1.7 1.0 .2 C t. 15.3 6.8 0 0 .2 1.7 .7 0 0 .1 0 0 0 1.1 0 .8 0 1.5 0 0 0 .3 0 0 .4 0 0 1.0 .3 .4 0 0 14.3 8.6 1.2 2.9 .5 1.1 0 31. 5 .3 1.3 5.1 8.2 0 16.0 .5 .8 1.2 5.5 1.0 .5 .1 0 .1 0 1.4 .6 .8 1.0 1.0 3.7 .4 .5 .4 .5 .8 .4 .8 .7 1.0 .7 1.6 2.5 .6 .8 0 0 0 0 0 .6 .7 2.2 8.2 4.0 i T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e b asis of th e n u m b er of p ersons ea tin g m eals at h o m e d uring th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , h e w as cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e p erson for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, he w as c o u n ted as th e ap propriate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. 224 east north central region T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, by economic level M I L W A U K E E , W IS .— W H IT E F A M I L IE S A ll fam i lies Item Food fo r 92 5.22 4.30 A verage q u a n tity p ur chased per person 1 in 1 w eek E con o m ic le v el— F a m i lies sp en d in g per exp en d i A ll ture u n it per A ll fam i fam i year lies lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Hem U n d er $400 $400 to $600 333 3.68 3.12 N u m b e r of fam ilies su rv ey ed in sp rin g q u a rter_______ _ A verage n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e p ersons 1 per fa m ily in 1 w e e k .. _ _ ___________________ ____ _____ __ A verage n u m b er of food exp en d itu re u n its 2 per fa m ily i n i w e e k . . ______ __________________________ _. . . -N u m b er of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year $600 an d over 141 100 2. 50 2.19 3.5 2 3.00 A verage exp en d itu re per p e r so n 1 in 1 w eek E con o m ic le v e l— F am ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over E con o m ic le v el— F am ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over U se d at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 W eek N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. Lb. L b. c t. C t. C t. C t. 270.5 210.4 279. 5 366 4 T o ta l . ______________ _______ 4.533 4.277 4.641 4. 753 42.9 37. 7 42. 4 49.5 G rain p rod u cts, to ta l _________ B read an d oth er b ak ed goods, 2.982 2. 711 3.148 3.121 32.6 28. 5 33 7 38.0 to ta l . . . _________ B read: W h i t e ....____________ 288 79 128 81 1.485 1.406 1.625 1.355 12.9 11.8 14.'3 12.1 G ra h am , w h . w h e a t. 56 18 20 18 .148 . 126 . 128 .228 1.3 1.1 1.1 2.3 134 40 60 34 .456 .420 .493 .452 3 .9 3 .6 4 .2 4 .0 R y e __________________ C ra ck ers__________________ . 114 30 48 36 .123 .090 .131 .163 1.5 1.1 1.5 2.1 P la in r o lls .. . . . _ _____ _ 117 35 54 28 .211 .202 .220 . 169 3.1 3 .0 3 .4 2 .6 S w eet rolls . . . ____________ _ 122 38 50 34 . 197 .214 .184 .192 3.3 3 .8 2 .9 3 .3 C oo k ies _ ________ ____ _ 118 30 50 38 . 148 . 104 . 162 .204 2.8 1.6 2 .9 4 .8 76 18 30 28 . 100 .064 .090 . 187 2.3 1.6 1.9 4 .3 C a k e s. _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 13 13 12 .098 .084 .093 . 136 1.2 .9 1.1 1.9 P ie s ____ __ __ _ .016 .001 .022 .035 O th e r .. ________ __ _ 4 .6 .3 (3) R ea d y -to -ea t cereals. . . . _ _ _ 137 37 62 38 .108 .074 . 133 .123 1.8 1.4 .2 2.1 F lo u r an d other cereals, to ta l— 1.443 1.492 1. 360 1. 509 8. 5 7 .8 8. 5 9 4 F lour: W h ite .._ _______ __ ^ 183 56 82 45 1. 051 1.118 1.043 .938 4 .5 4 .5 4 .7 4 . 2 G ra h am ______ 3 1 1 1 .023 .008 0 .098 .1 (3) 0 .3 O th er__________ 13 7 5 1 .024 .044 .011 .010 .2 .4 .1 .1 12 6 6 0 .015 .025 .012 0 C orn m eal ___________________ .2 .1 .1 0 H o m in y ----------- ---------------1 1 0 0 .001 .003 0 0 0 0 (3) (3) 24 10 9 5 .018 .023 .013 .020 C o rn starch ______________ ____ .2 .2 .2 .2 74 24 32 18 .069 .069 .066 .074 R i c e ... . . . ______ __________ .6 .5 .6 .6 R o lle d o a t s .. . _______ ._ . 75 24 30 21 .064 .058 .044 .116 .6 .5 .5 1.0 29 9 12 8 .026 .022 .024 .041 W h e a t cereal. _____________ .4 .3 .4 .6 T a p io c a ____ ___________ 6 2 4 0 .003 .002 .004 0 .1 (3) .1 0 1 1 0 0 .001 .002 0 S a g o . ________ ______ . . . 0 0 0 (3) (3) M a ca ro n i, sp a g h etti, n o od les 148 46 62 40 .148 .118 .143 .212 1.7 1.2 1.8 2 .4 0 0 0 0 O ther grain p ro d u cts________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E g g s---------------------------------------------- 313 89 130 94 .796 .626 .829 1. 060 12.6 9 .7 13.1 17.0 M ilk , cheese, ice cream , to ta l _ 5. 830 5. 212 6.109 6. 504 33. 6 27.8 35. 3 42.0 M ilk : F resh , w h o le— b o ttle d __ 323 88 140 95 5. 219 4. 688 5. 499 5. 726 24.5 21.6 25.9 27.4 lo o se ____ 1 0 0 1 .004 0 .1 .017 (3) 0 0 0 sk im m e d .. _ . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 b u tte r m ilk an d oth er_______ _ 2 .025 .009 .037 .034 10 2 6 .2 .1 (3) .1 S k im m ed , d ried ____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E v a p o ra ted or c o n d sd . 109 35 50 24 .303 .346 .276 .274 2.3 2 .6 2 .2 2.1 135 35 57 43 .095 .055 . 105 .154 2 .4 1.3 2.6 4.1 C heese: A m erica n . _________ 32 11 14 C o tta g e ____. . . . 7 .035 .038 .033 .032 .4 .4 .4 .4 94 23 39 32 .071 .048 .073 .109 1.8 1.1 1.8 3 .2 O th er_____________ . _ 84 12 36 36 .078 .028 .086 .158 2.1 Ice c re a m .__ ____________ ______ .8 2 .2 4 .6 1 T h e n u m b er o f e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fam ily in 1 w eek is co m p u ted on th e basis o f th e n u m b er of persons eatin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d ata a p p ly . If a p erson ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , h e w as cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m eals, h e w as cou n ted as th e ap propriate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 2 T h e n u m b er of exp en d itu re u n its per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u ted on th e b a sis of th e exp en d itu re u n its rep resen ted b y th e e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons eatin g m eals af h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 380. 225 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 7 . — Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week in spring quarter, $y economic level— Continued M I L W A U K E E , W J ^ — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed N u m b e r of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g per ex p en d i A ll tu re u n it ner A ll fam i fam iyear lies lie s U n - $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 over Item Food fo r A verage q u a n tity p u r ch ased per person 1 in 1 w eek A verage exp en d itu re per p erson 1 in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re A ll fam i u n it per year lies $400 $600 U n $400 $600 an d to der to and $600 over $400 $600 over E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it Der vear U n der $400 U sed at H o m e an d P u rch a sed C o n s u m p tio n at H om e in 1 — C o n tin u ed F a ts, to ta l___________________________ B u tte r _____________________________ C rea m _____________________________ O ther ta b le fats___________________ L a rd _______________________________ V eg eta b le sh o rten in g ____________ T a b le or cook in g o ils_____________ M a y o n n a ise an d other salad d ressin g_________________________ B a co n , sm o k e d ___________________ S a lt sid e of p o rk __________________ M e a t, p o u ltry , fish an d other sea food, to ta l______________________ B eef: F resh : S tea k , p o rterh o u se, sir lo in ___________ to p r o u n d _______ o th e r ____________ B o a st, r ib ____________ c h u c k ____________ oth er____________ B o ilin g, c h u c k _________ p la te __________ o th er__________ C a n n e d _________________________ C o rn ed _________________________ D r ie d ___________________________ O th er______________________ V eal: F resh , steak , c h o p s ... ___ r o a s t.______________ stew _ __ ..,__________ L a m b : F resh , c h o p s .___________ ro a st______________ s t e w ______________ P ork : F resh , c h o p s______________ lo in roa st__________ oth er______________ S m o k ed h a m , slic e s______ h a lf or w h. p ic n ic _____ P ork sa u sag e_____________ O ther p o rk _______________ M isc e lla n e o u s m eats, to ta l________ O ther fresh m e a t_________________ B ologn a, fra n k fu rters___________ C ooked : H a m ___________________ T o n g u e _________________ L iv e r _____________________________ O ther m ea t p ro d u cts____________ P o u ltry : C h ick en , b roilin g_______ ro a st__________ ste w ___________ T u r k e y __________________ O th er____________________ F ish an d other sea food, t o ta l____ F ish : F resh ______________________ C a n n ed ____________________ C u red _____________________ O y sters___________________________ O ther sea food ___________________ W eek N o . N o. N o. 325 92 84 12 3 2 215 74 58 14 12 2 91 18 145 41 3 1 149 66 61 71 46 6 49 2 15 1 9 8 0 85 38 32 22 15 10 154 74 64 61 15 6 71 9 6 260 66 11 71 11 27 16 21 0 2! 80 59 12: 0 23 28 17 26 18 15 2 20 2 6 0 4 3 0 24 8 16 1 3 5 32 20 23 15 5 1 17 2 0 76 18 6 21 3 7 3 8 0 1 29 9 2 0 7 N o. L b. L b. L b. L b. .203 .096 .088 . 175 .096 .008 .076 0 .009 0 .008 .003 0 .088 . 158 .052 .032 .034 .009 . 190 .203 . 149 .075 . 108 .018 .078 .014 . 393 0 . 286 .044 .003 .049 .011 . 100 .074 .069 0 0 .218 . 109 .075 .020 0 .014 .428 5 .7 . n o 2 .2 .056 1.6 .267 4 .0 . 148 2 .2 .2 .018 .064 1.4 0 .1 .038 .4 .008 (3) .031 .4 .001 .1 0 0 . 165 2. 5 .096 2 .7 .042 1.0 .043 .6 .042 .7 .022 .3 5.1 .333 .285 5.3 .087 2 .6 . 100 2.2 .050 2.5 .044 .5 .097 1.8 .4 .036 . 502 10.7 0 0 .346 7.0 .062 1.9 .004 .2 .084 1. 4 .2 .006 . 120 2.6 .074 1.6 .061 1.8 0 0 .012 .2 .283 4.4 . 134 2.5 .069 .9 .4 .029 0 0 .051 .6 C t. C t. C t. C t. 1.091 0. 878 1.136 1.417 29. 6 22. 4 31.4 39.3 . 549 .450 .597 . 644 18.1 14.5 19.9 21.5 .069 .019 .065 . 172 1.9 .6 1.9 4.1 .003 .006 0 .008 .1 .1 0 .1 .231 .233 .229 .234 3 .4 3 .2 3 .4 3 .5 .055 .035 .068 .068 1.0 .6 1.3 1.4 .028 .020 .028 . 042 .6 ,3 .6 1.2 .059 .033 .054 .119 1.4 .6 1.3 2 .9 .095 .080 .094 . 128 3.1 2.5 3.0 4 .5 .002 .002 .001 .002 (3) (3) (3) .1 2. 762 2. 223 2. 824 3. 663 67.8 50.8 69.2 97 .4 139 35 0 87 29 6 40 61 1 94 37 1 54 15 4 33 43 1 60 30 27 31 16 2 19 0 3 0 4 4 0 30 22 11 12 7 2 67 32 28 25 7 3 32 5 0 113 30 3 24 6 12 8 9 0 0 30 32 5 0 6 61 .203 .087 19 .087 .065 8 .082 .091 22 . 180 . 138 15 . 100 .080 2 .013 .017 10 .082 .095 0 .004 .009 6 .021 .026 1 .002 0 1 .017 .018 1 .002 .002 0 0 0 31 . 103 .085 8 . 121 .095 5 .059 .075 9 .023 .004 5 .030 .019 3 .018 .025 55 . 187 . 108 22 .213 . 186 13 . 123 . 114 21 .061 .027 3 .089 .089 2 .021 .012 22 .070 . 046 2 .015 .00 5 . 390 . 327 6 0 0 71 .283 . 246 18 .042 .029 2 .005 .007 26 .053 .041 2 .007 .004 8 .062 .070 5 .059 .035 4 .070 .075 0 0 0 1 .006I .010 .219 . 188 21 . 124 . 135 18 .053 .021 5 .018 .011 0 0 0 10 .024 . 021 2 .3 1.5 1.7 3.0 1.6 .3 1.5 .1 .5 0 .4 .1 0 2.1 1.8 1.3 .1 .4 .4 2.9 4 .6 2.3 1.0 2.6 .2 1.1 .1 8. 7 0 6.0 1.4 5.5 2 .5 1.7 4 .0 2.1 .1 1.5 0 .1 0 .2 .1 0 2.0 3.6 .9 .8 .8 .2 5.3 5.0 3.1 2 .6 2 .9 .4 2 .0 .4 10.4 0 6.9 2.0 .2 . 1 1.0 1.4 . 1 .3 1.9 2.7 .8 2.1 2.0 1.7 0 0 .3 0 3 .2 4. 5 2.1 2.6 .3 1.3 .2 .3 0 0 .6 .3 12.7 3 .1 1.0 6 .2 3 .4 .4 1.2 0 .5 .2 .8 .1 0 4 .5 2 .5 .9 1.4 1 .2 .5 9 .1 7.1 2 .0 3 .9 1.4 1.1 2 .6 1.1 14.4 0 8 .9 2.7 .1 2 .5 .2 3 .5 2.1 1.7 0 .2 6.8 3 .4 1.2 1.2 0 1.0 i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the num ber of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he wa§ counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person. 3 Less than 0.05 cent. Notes on this table are in appendix A , p. 380. 226 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 7 . — F o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g 1 w e e k i n s p r in g q u a rter , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued M I L W A U K E E , W IS .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed q u a n tity p u r N u m b e r of fam ilies A verage ch ased per person 1 in 1 u sin g in 1 w eek w eek E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m i E co n o m ic le v e l— lies sp en d in g F a m ilies sp en d in g A ll per ex p en d i A ll per exp en d itu re fam i tu re u n it per fam i u n it p er yea r year lies lies U n $400 $600 U n $400 $600 an d der to an d der to $400 $600 over $400 $600 over Item Food fo r A verage exp en d itu re per p erson 4 in 1 w e ek E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per A ll exp en d itu re fam i u n it per year lies U n $400 $600 der to an d $400 $600 ov er U sed at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 — C o n tin u ed V e g e ta b le and fru its, to ta l 4_ ___ P o ta to e s---------------------------------------S w eetp o ta to es, y a m s ------------------D r ied leg u m es an d n u ts, to ta l D r ied corn ------------------------------B ean s: D r y ---------------------------C an n ed , d ried -------- _. B a k ed , n o t c a n n ed ____ P eas: B la ck -e y e d ---------------------O th er_____ --------N u ts: S h e lle d ------------------------In s h e ll- -. -----P ea n u t b u t te r .__ ____________ O ther d ried leg u m es an d n u ts . T o m atoes: F r e sh ------ --- -----------C a n n e d ____ _ _ __ J u ice_______ Sauce, p a ste ___ G reen an d leafy vegs. to ta l B ru ssels s p r o u ts ._ ---------------C ab b age - . _ -----------S a u erk rau t— . -----------C ollards -------------------------K a le _ ------ --------- -L e ttu c e _______________________ S p in ach : F r e sh . ------- --- _. C a n n e d ._______ _ _ O ther le a fy v e g eta b le s--------- --A sparagus: F r e s h .__ C a n n e d _______ __ _ L im a beans: F re sh ________ _. C a n n e d _______ __ B ea n s, sn a p (strin g): F r e s h .__ C anned. B r o c c o li------ -------------------------P eas: F r e sh ._ __________ _____ C a n n e d ... _ _ _ _ _ P e p p e r s ------------------- -----------O k r a ___________ __ . . . . . . . Y e llo w veg eta b les, total C arrots_________________________ W in ter sq u a sh an d p u m p k in _ O ther v eg eta b les, t o t a l4 _ B eets: F re sh ---------- _ _ _ _ _ _ C a n n e d ______ . . . . __ C a u liflow er________________ . . . C elery ____________ ____________ C orn: O n ear___________________ C a n n e d .. ____________ C u c u m b er _____________________ E g g p la n t. . . ___________________ O nions: M a tu r e _____ . . . _____ S p rin g _______________ P a r sn ip s.. __ __ __ _ ________ S u m m er sq u a sh _____ ________ W h ite tu rn ip s. _ . ._ _______ Y e llo w tu rn ip s, ru ta b a g a . _ __ O ther v e g e ta b le s.________ _____ P ick le s an d o liv e s______________ C itru s fruits, to ta l___________ __ L e m o n s ... _ __ . . . ______ O ra n ges____________ _______ G rapefruit: F resh __________ C an n ed ____________ W eek 1 See footn ote 1, p. 227. 8 L ess th a n 0.0005 p o u n d . N o. N o. N o. N o . L b . L b . L b. L b . C t. C t. C t. C t. 8. 225 10. 783 12. 746 55.7 40 .4 60.8 78.6 3. 344 3.826 4. 392 8 .4 6 .9 8 .8 10.5 . 1 .1 .012 .014 .028 .1 .1 . 129 . 123 . 133 1.4 1.2 1.3 2 .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .060 .052 .040 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .005 .024 .024 .1 .2 .2 .005 0 0 0 0 (3) (3) .1 .2 (3) .023 .002 .012 .1 .004 .002 .008 (3) (3) (3) .1 .2 .1 .3 .003 .009 .011 .5 .2 .003 .004 .009 .1 .1 .4 .4 .4 .026 .030 .029 .4 .5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 61 10 25 .029 .064 . 157 1.0 .4 .9 2 .4 119 37 52 .137 .204 .233 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.8 17 2 12 .2 .015 .054 .022 . 1 .4 .2 7 3 2 . 1 . 1 (3) .004 .001 .006 .1 1. o n 1. 366 1. 700 10.4 7. 9 10. 9 14. 9 1 0 0 .002 (3) 0 0 0 .1 0 162 40 77 . 262 .422 .448 1.4 1.0 1.7 1.6 67 24 28 . 107 .086 .078 .6 .6 .6 .6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 .012 (3) 0 0 0 0 .1 . 192 .263 .376 2.5 1.8 2.6 3 .7 241 70 100 62 20 24 .087 . 127 . 128 .6 .6 .6 .7 20 8 7 .022 .020 .016 .2 .3 .2 .1 5 4 1 .010 .002 0 . 1 (3) 0 (3) 68 14 24 .038 .066 . 129 1.0 .5 1.0 2.1 24 3 11 .006 .026 .038 .5 .4 .1 .7 4 2 1 .008 0 .006 (3) .1 0 .1 8 3 2 .010 .008 .014 . 1 .1 .1 .1 38 7 18 .014 .048 .062 .5 .2 .6 .8 68 20 32 . 077 .090 .092 .8 .8 .7 .9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 14 12 .036 .055 .075 .5 .3 .5 .7 128 38 52 . 128 . 148 . 219 1.6 1.2 1.6 2.4 23 9 9 .014 .005 .005 .2 .1 .3 .2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 246 . 424 . 397 1. 7 1.1 2.1 2.0 226 60 108 .246 .424 .397 1.7 1.1 2.1 2 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 655 . 952 1. 219 7. 2 5. 2 7. 9 10. 7 18 4 7 .019 .038 .052 .2 .1 .2 .3 37 10 12 .023 .036 .063 .3 .2 .3 .6 48 15 18 .036 .044 .060 .7 .6 .7 1.0 172 45 80 . 148 .237 .264 1.6 1.1 1.8 2 .3 (3) 0 0 0 .006 0 0 .1 (3) 0 105 34 42 . 105 . 128 .175 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.8 74 16 33 .045 .085 .111 .9 .5 1.0 1.6 2 1 0 .006 0 .006 (3) (3) 0 (3) 167 54 67 .218 .290 .334 1.1 .9 1.2 1.3 45 10 17 .021 .045 .06 4 .3 .2 .3 .5 (3) 1 0 1 0 .006 0 0 .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 2 8 .008 .023 .038 . 1 (3) . 1 .2 28 9 10 .020 .020 .052 .2 .2 .2 .3 .5 .3 .7 .8 1. 343 .819 1. 470 2. 098 9. 5 5. 9 10. 4 15! 1 107 33 45 29 .093 .068 . 110 .109 1.1 .8 1.3 l! 3 263 68 112 83 .962 .670 1. 040 1.369 7 .0 4 .7 7 .5 10.5 78 12 32 34 .284 .081 .317 .608 1.4 .4 1.6 3.1 4 0 1 3 .004 0 .003 .01 2 (3) 0 .2 (3) 3 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. 4 D o e s n o t in c lu d e picl^leg an d oliv es. N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380, ' " * 294 6 80 128 2 3 0 0 0 34 13 13 14 3 8 1 1 0 10 7 1 6 2 2 19 2 9 6 2 2 31 12 12 10.170 86 3.753 1 .016 . 127 0 0 8 .053 3 .016 0 .002 2 .012 2 .004 8 .007 2 .005 7 .028 0 26 .069 30 .184 3 .032 2 .003 1. 294 1 (5) 45 .364 15 .093 0 0 1 .002 71 .258 18 . 112 5 .020 0 .005 30 .068 10 .020 1 .004 3 .010 13 .038 16 .085 0 12 .052 38 . 154 5 .009 0 0 . 349 58 .349 0 0 .876 7 .033 15 .036 15 .036 47 .203 0 .00 2 29 . 128 25 .074 1 .004 46 .271 18 .040 0 .002 0 0 0 0 6 .020 9 .027 227 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 7 . — F o o d u s e d at h o m e a n d p u r c h a s e d f o r c o n s u m p t i o n at h o m e d u r in g 1 w ee k i n s p r i n g q u a r te r , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued M I L W A U K E E , W IS .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed N u m b e r of fam ilies u sin g in 1 w eek E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g per ex p en d i A ll tu re u n it per A ll fam i fam i year lies lies U n $400 $600 der to and $400 $600 over Ite m Food fo r A verage q u a n tity p u r A verage e x p en d itu re ch ased p er p e r so n 1 in 1 per p e r s o n 1 in 1 w eek w eek E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g p er ex p en d itu re A ll fam i u n it per yea r lies $400 $600 U n $400 $600 to an d der to an d $600 over $400 $600 ov er E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n der $400 U se d at H o m e a n d P u rch a sed C o n su m p tio n at H om e in 1 C o n tin u ed L b. L b. N o. N o. N o. N o. L b. L b. C t. C t. C t. a . O ther fru its, to ta l. __ _ __ ___ 2.124 1.824 2. 285 2. 361 14.2 10. 4 16. 4 18.7 A p p les: F r e s h ._ __ . . . -----------231 66 108 57 .951 .925 1. 007 .888 4 .7 4.1 5.2 5 .0 C a n n e d __________________ 7 3 2 2 .006 .011 .004 .001 .1 .2 .1 (3) A pricots: F re sh ____________ _____ 3 0 1 2 .003 0 .001 .012 (3) 0 .2 (3) C a n n e d ________________ 6 2 1 3 .009 .010 .002 .021 .1 .1 (3) .3 B a n a n a s___________ ____________ 213 59 93 61 .696 .597 .708 .860 3 .5 2 .7 3 .8 4 .6 Berries: F re sh ----------------------- __ 98 16 44 38 .130 .058 .141 .248 2.1 .8 2 .2 4 .4 C a n n e d _________________ 8 2 5 1 .004 0 .009 0 .1 0 .1 0 C herries: F re sh ______ *_______ __ _ 4 .006 0 7 0 3 .005 .018 .1 .3 .1 0 C a n n e d . __ _________ 13 1 10 2 .010 .005 .014 .014 .2 .1 (3) .2 G rapes: F re sh ---------------------------3 0 3 0 .002 0 .005 0 0 .1 0 (3) C a n n e d ________ ______ 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P each es: F re sh ___________________ 5 1 3 1 .004 0 .008 .003 .1 0 .1 .1 C a n n e d . _ ________ 56 13 30 13 .060 .038 .086 .054 .4 1 .0 .7 .7 Pears: F resh ______ _ _________ 9 2 3 4 .015 .017 .015 .012 .1 .1 .2 .4 C a n n e d ___ . . . . __ _ . 17 2 10 5 .019 .010 .027 .018 .2 .3 .3 .1 P in ea p p le: F re sh __ __ __________ 20 4 7 9 .048 .028 .053 .077 .2 .5 .6 .6 C an n ed _. _________ 46 10 26 10 .047 .029 .055 .064 .8 .8 .6 .3 2 0 1 1 .016 0 M e lo n s .. ___________ . . . . . . .036 .008 (3) 0 .1 (3) 0 0 0 P lu m s: F resh ______ ______________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C a n n e d .________ __ _ _ 4 0 2 2 .002 0 0 .009 (3) 0 0 .1 O ther fru it____________ _________ _ 8 2 4 2 .007 .004 .008 .012 .1 .1 .1 .2 C id er____. . . ._ . _______________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G rape ju ice _______________________ 2 1 0 .002 (3) 0 0 1 (5) 0 .1 O ther fru it ju ices________ . . . . 4 2 0 2 .004 .007 0 .008 (3) (3) 0 .1 4 1 3 0 .002 .002 .003 0 D ried : A p r ic o t s ______ ________ __ .1 (3) .1 0 P e a c h e s.. ______ __ __ . . . 4 2 2 0 .002 .004 0 0 .1 0 0 (3) P r u n e s ._______ __ 6 .048 .040 .070 .00 2 47 13 28 .4 .2 .5 .8 R a isin s___ _ _______ 34 15 14 5 .028 .033 .027 .020 .2 .3 .3 .3 .1 D a te s ______________________ 5 0 2 3 .002 .002 .001 .006 .1 .1 .3 F ig s-----------------------------------1 1 0 0 .001 .002 0 0 0 .1 0 (3) 2 1 0 O th er. ________ __ . 1 .002 .0 0 2 0 .004 (3) (3) 0 .1 Sugars an d sw eets, to ta l_____ . . . 1. 338 1.140 1.400 1. 594 9 .4 7.9 9 .4 12.1 275 81 119 75 1.141 .926 1.238 1. 363 6.3 5.0 6 .8 7 .7 Sugars: W h ite ___________ ______ B ro w n . . . _______ 34 5 20 .1 .4 .4 9 .035 .021 .046 .042 .3 O ther sw eets: C a n d y . . . . __ ._ 75 29 25 21 .095 .102 .063 .145 2 .0 1.8 1 .4 3.4 41 19 12 10 .024 .025 .025 .016 Jellies ________ __ .4 .5 .4 .4 32 16 11 5 .043 .066 .028 .028 .2 M o la sses, siru p s __ .4 .5 .4 0 0 O ther s w e e t s ____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 M iscella n eo u s, to ta l_____ __ . . . 18.9 13.7 17.9 30.5 G e la tin e . ______ _______ __ _ 12 3 5 4 .006 .003 .007 .007 .2 .2 .1 .1 P a ck ag ed dessert m ix tu r es______ 104 34 46 24 .042 .037 .044 .046 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.3 T e a __________________________ . .4 .5 53 16 27 10 .012 .008 .017 .010 .5 .7 C offee . . . . _____ ____ ._ _ 297 83 127 87 .342 .263 .372 .434 7.6 5.6 8 .0 10.4 C o c o a ____ _________ _____ . . _ .2 .2 .1 . 1 23 9 11 3 .010 .015 .007 .005 C h o co la te__________ _____ _________ 10 0 7 .2 .1 3 .005 .002 .008 .004 .1 (3) V in egar________ __ _ _ ______ .3 .2 .2 .7 S a lt________________________________ .4 .4 .7 .3 B a k in g p o w d er, y ea st, soda ._ _ .3 .2 .3 .5 S p ices an d ex tra cts____ _ _ _ .2 .1 .2 .2 C a tsu p s, sa u ces__________ ______ .9 .8 .7 .8 T o m a to so u p ________________ . . . 46 17 17 12 .055 .059 .045 .064 .7 .5 .8 .7 19 3 12 4 .027 .006 .041 .038 O ther s o u p s ________ ___________ .3 .1 .5 .5 12 4 7 1 .008 .006 .012 .002 .5 C o d -liver o il______________________ .2 1 .0 .2 P ro p rietary fo o d s_______ _________ 15 5 6 4 .011 .014 .010 .009 .4 .5 .6 .3 .2 3 0 1 2 .003 0 .003 .012 .1 0 00 O ther fo o d s. _ ____________________ Soft d rin k s con su m ed a t h o m e .— 51 11 20 20 .210' .083 .196 .480 1.4 .6 1.2 3.3 O ther d rin k s con su m ed a t h o m e . 68 17 22 29 .400' .339 . 174 .962 3.9 3. C 2.0 9.3 1 Sales tax on food ____________________ 1 T h e n u m b er of e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e persons per fa m ily in 1 w eek is c o m p u ted on th e b a sis o f th e n u m b er of persons e a tin g m eals a t h o m e d u rin g th e w eek to w h ich th e d a ta a p p ly . If a person ate 21 m eals d u rin g th e w eek , h e w as cou n ted as a fu ll-tim e person for th a t w eek . If h e ate less th a n 21 m e a ls,h e w as c o u n ted as th e ap p rop riate d ecim al e q u iv a len t fu ll-tim e person. 5 L ess th a n 0.0005 p o u n d . 3 L ess th an 0.05 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 380. W eek — 228 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 8 .— A n n u a l f o o d e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per yea r ite m lies U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 an d over A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s F a m ilie s in su r v e y ___ _____ -_A verage n u m b er of food ex p en d itu re u n its in 1 year_ _ _ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— M e a ls a w a y from h o m e— A t w ork - ________ __ A t sch oo l_________ _____ O n v a c a t io n ------- -------------B o ard at sch o o l_______________ C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, e tc -------------------------------------N u m b er of fam ilies rep ortin g food receiv ed as gifts, or pro d u ced a t h o m e, or m eals re ceiv e d as p a y -------------------------A verage a n n u a l ex p en d itu re per fa m ily for all food _____ F o o d p repared at h om eF o o d b o u g h t an d ea ten a w a y from h o m e, to ta l____ - M ea ls a t w ork M ea ls a t sch ool _ - - - - O ther m ea ls, n o t v a c a tio n — M e a ls on v a ca tio n _ - - _ B o ard at sch ool- - — C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, e tc - ------------------------------ A verage e stim a te d v a lu e per fa m ily of gifts of food an d h o m e-p rod u ced food an d m eals r eceived as p a y 1___- - - 352 2.89 31 4.4 6 72 3. 34 88 2.83 55 2.58 42 2.42 64 2.2 6 181 57 17 1 141 10 7 0 0 11 33 12 1 0 27 44 14 3 0 30 29 16 3 0 22 23 4 3 0 16 42 4 7 1 35 93 9 20 18 16 12 18 $543. 61 474. 65 68.96 45. 38 6.03 1.46 1.10 .93 14.06 $503. 74 469. 42 34.32 19.78 8.1 7 0 0 0 6.37 $521.05 465.89 55.16 38.57 5.39 .0 2 .3 6 0 10.82 $507.72 457.47 50.25 38.97 5.66 .2 7 .16 0 5.19 $529.72 461.45 68.27 41.59 10.17 .9 2 .9 6 0 14.63 $551.84 485.07 66.77 44.74 4.4 4 .5 6 .4 2 0 16. 61 $644.07 515.12 128.95 77.91 3.7 2 6.49 4.3 6 5.07 31.40 .09 .0 9 . 12 .03 .1 2 .15 .09 1 T h e aggregates on w h ic h th ese averages are b a sed do n o t in clu d e gifts of food received , food p rod u ced at h om e, an d m eals receiv ed as p a y , rep orted b y 2 fa m ilies b u t for w h ic h th e y cou ld n o t e stim a te th e v a lu e. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 381. 229 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 8 .— A n n u a l f o o d e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year Ite m A ll fam ilies U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 an d over A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s F a m ilie s in su r v e y _________________________________________ A verage nu m b er of food exp en d itu re u n its in 1 y e a r _____ N u m b e r of fa m ilies sp e n d in g for— M e a ls a w a y from h o m e— A t w ork _---------------------------------------------------------------------A t sch oo l_______________________________________________ O n v a c a tio n ____________________________________________ B oard at sch oo l__________________________________________ C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, e tc _ .________________________ N u m b e r of fa m ilies rep ortin g food received as gifts, or p rod u ced at h o m e, or m eals receiv ed as p a y __________ A verage a n n u al exp en d itu re per fa m ily for all fo o d ______ F o o d prepared at h o m e_________________________________ F ood b o u gh t an d e a ten a w a y from h om e, to ta l________ M ea ls at w o rk _________________________________________ M eals at sch oo l________________________________________ O ther m eals, no t v a c a tio n l___________________________ M ea ls on v a c a tio n ____________________________________ B oard at sch oo l________________________________________ C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, e tc ., to ta l________________ A verage estim a ted v a lu e per fa m ily of gifts of food and h o m e-p rod u ced food an d m ea ls received as p a y 2_____ 2.85 100 36 3.86 26 2. 67 19 14 1 1 26 5 10 0 0 9 6 8 0 0 1 1 20 6 $376.03 352. 42 23. 61 13.53 3. 51 0 .05 1.80 4. 72 .08 $370.64 354. 35 16.29 5.40 7. 38 0 0 0 3. 51 3 5 5 $376.07 351.08 24.99 18.06 2.10 0 0 0 4.83 1 12 9 $381. 351. 29. 18.11 .78 0 .14 4.7 4 5.77 .0 4 2 T h e aggregates on w h ic h th ese averages are b ased do n o t in clu d e gifts of food received , food p rod u ced at h o m e, an d m eals received as p a y , rep orted b y 1 fa m ily b u t for w h ich th e y cou ld n o t e stim a te th e v a lu e. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 381. 230 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 8 .— A n n u a l fo o d ex p en d itu r es , by e c o n o m i c level — Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S Ite m A ll fa m i lies E c o n o m ic le v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 to $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $800 an d over F a m ilie s in su r v e y __________________ 490 82 83 35 106 66 44 A verage n u m b er of food exp en d itu re u n its in 1 y e a r .. . . . . . . . 2.94 4.65 3.7 2 3.15 2.71 2. 36 2. 37 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— M e a ls a w a y from h o m e— 154 22 A t w o r k ___________________________ 23 7 28 25 19 38 5 9 10 6 A t sc h o o l_________________________ 3 4 32 O n v a c a tio n __________ . __ ._ . 0 0 3 5 6 3 0 B o ard at sch oo l . . . . _ ___ 0 0 0 0 0 0 211 C a n d y , ic e cream , d rin k s, e tc _____ 40 33 32 7 46 20 N u m b e r of fam ilies rep ortin g food r ec e iv e d as gifts, or p rod u ced at 130 10 29 24 16 h o m e, or m eals receiv ed as p a y .. 18 15 A v era g e a n n u a l exp en d itu re per fa m ily for all fo o d .. ______ _ $530. 90 $497. 95 $532. 65 $545. 09 $512.07 $493. 80 $557. 51 F o o d prep ared at h o m e ______ . . 488. 84 475. 52 503. 57 513.96 474. 90 443. 76 498. 63 F o o d b o u g h t an d e a ten a w a y from h o m e, t o t a l . . _ . . . _____. . . 42.06 22. 43 29.08 31.13 37.17 50.04 58.88 M ea ls at w o r k .._ _________ ._ . 21. 83 10.16 14. 94 16. 50 18. 32 24.49 34. 60 M e a ls at s c h o o l . ____. . . ______ 2. 64 3.10 1.95 2.19 7. 51 3. 55 1.79 4. 32 .2 2 O ther m eals, n o t v a c a tio n ____ . 3.85 4.69 5.45 . 11 1.07 .24 .74 M ea ls on v a c a tio n _______ _______ .89 0 0 .95 .5 8 0 0 0 0 B o ard at sc h o o l.__ ______ __ _ 0 0 0 C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, e t c ... 12. 38 4. 65 10. 37 10. 22 12.47 18. 33 15.69 A verage e stim a te d v a lu e per fam ily of g ifts o f food an d h o m e-p rod u ced .1 4 food an d m ea ls receiv ed as p a y 3___ .1 0 .11 .0 9 .0 6 .1 0 .1 0 74 2.03 A n n u a l Food E x p e n d itu r e s 30 1 15 0 33 18 $562. 49 492. 80 69. 69 36.61 .39 14. 96 3. 70 0 14.03 .11 3 T h e aggregates on w h ic h th ese averages are b ased do n o t in c lu d e gifts of food receiv ed , food p rod u ced at h om e, an d m ea ls receiv ed as p a y , rep orted b y 15 fam ilies b u t for w h ic h th e y co u ld n o t e stim a te th e v a lu e. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 381. TABULAR SUMMARY T able 8 .— 231 A n n u a l f o o d e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level —Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L IE S Item A ll fam ilies E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per e x p e n d i tu re u n it per year U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $600 A n n u a l Food $600 an d over E x p e n d itu r es F a m ilie s in s u r v e y ______ __ ________ ___ A verage n u m b er of food exp en d itu re u n its in 1 y e a r _____________ ________ _____ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— M e a ls a w a y from h o m e— A t w o rk ________ __ ___ _______ __ A t s c h o o l-. __ _ __ -O n v a c a tio n . __ ________________________ B o ard at sc h o o l_______________________ __ C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, etc __________ N u m b e r of fam ilies rep ortin g food received as gifts, or p rod u ced at h o m e, or m eals receiv ed as p a y ___________ __ --------- . A verage an n u al ex p en d itu re per fam ily for all food ____ . _ F o o d prepared a t h o m e .. .. . F o o d b o u g h t an d e a ten a w a y from h o m e, t o t a l ____________ ____ . . . ... M ea ls at w o r k .._ _ _ M e a ls at sc h o o l. _ _ - __________ O ther m eals, n o t v a c a tio n ___ __ __ _ M ea ls on v a c a tio n . _______ _________ B oard at s c h o o l.. _ _______________ . C a n d y , ice cream , d rinks, e tc _________ A verage e stim a ted v a lu e per fam ily of g ifts of food an d h o m e-p rod u ced food an d m eals receiv ed as p a y 5________ - _ 266 2.92 48 4. 22 55 3. 23 95 2.69 68 2.0 7 102 34 16 1 70 10 6 1 1 15 18 13 3 0 14 43 13 4 0 25 31 2 8 0 16 89 20 17 28 24 $422. 87 380.12 42. 75 27. 92 4. 60 3. 76 1.18 (4) 5.29 $424. 08 396. 52 27. 56 13.48 4. 49 5. 27 .04 .0 2 4. 26 $411.17 375.19 35. 98 19.88 7.12 .87 .2 8 0 7. 83 $420. 26 373. 28 46.98 32.81 5.58 3.81 .61 0 4.17 $435.14 382.10 53.04 37. 81 1. 26 4.96 3.51 0 5. 50 7. 27 11.08 8.49 4.79 7. 07 4 L ess th a n 0.05 cen t. 5 T h e aggregates on w h ic h th ese averages are b a sed do n o t in c lu d e gifts of food receiv ed , food p rod u ced at h o m e, an d m eals receiv ed as p a y , rep orted b y 7 fam ilies b u t for w h ic h th e y co u ld n o t e stim a te th e valu e. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 381. 5 34 8 5 °— 40- -16 232 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 8 .— A n n u a l f o o d e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued D E T R O IT , M IC H —W H IT E F A M IL IE S Item U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 an d ov er E x p e n d itu r e s F a m ilies in su r v e y ........................... A verage n u m b er of food ex p en d itu re u n its in 1 y e a r _____ N u m b e r of fa m ilies sp en d in g for— M e a ls a w a y from h o m e— A t w o rk ____________________ A t sc h o o l___________________ On v a c a tio n ________________ B o ard a t sch o o l____________ C a n d y , ice cream , drinks, e tc ___________________________ N u m b e r of fa m ilies rep ortin g food receiv ed as gifts, or pro d u ced a t h o m e, or m ea ls re ceiv e d as p a y ------------------------A verage a n n u a l exp en d itu re per fa m ily for all food _______ F o o d prepared at h o m e______ F o o d b o u g h t an d ea ten a w a y from h o m e, to ta l_________ M e a ls at w o rk ______________ M e a ls at sch oo l_____________ O ther m eals, n o t v a c a tio n . M e a ls on v a c a tio n _________ B o ard at sch o o l------------------C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, e tc _________________________ A verage e stim a te d v a lu e per fa m ily of g ifts of good an d h o m e-p rod u ced food an d m e a lsr e c e iv e d a sp a y 6----------- 598 3.16 75 4.91 101 122 100 3. 97 3.23 2.70 76 2. 54 124 1.82 29 29 26 36 $522.50 482.31 $489. 56 454.00 35.56 21.82 1.13 4.04 1. 78 0 6. 79 $524.06 477.64 46.42 23.84 2.53 4.53 2.22 .1 5 13.15 $493. 41 429.29 64.12 36. 8! 24 9 8 0 26 128 45 59 4 106 177 $513. 73 475. 21 38. 52 21.48 1.82 3. 97 2. 63 .57 8.05 $507.64 496.80 10.84 7.75 .6 0 .0 6 .19 0 2.24 $548. 72 526.20 22.52 12.04 1.84 3.6 5 .79 0 4.20 40.19 20.67 4.25 1.59 2.39 2.20 9.09 6. 8SSSS2 A n n u a l Food A ll fa m i lies E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year 11.54 3.21 6 T h e aggregates on w h ic h th ese av erages are b a sed do n o t in c lu d e g ifts of food received , food p roduced at h o m e, an d m ea ls received as p a y rep orted b y 57 fa m ilies b u t for w h ic h th e y co u ld n o t e stim a te th e v a lu e. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 381. 233 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 8 .— A n n u a l f o o d e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued W H IT E F A M IL IE S G rand R a p id s, M ic h . Ite m A n n u a l Food A ll fam ilies In d ia n a p o lis, In d . E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp e n d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $400 to $400 $600 $600 an d over A ll fam i lies E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per yea r U n d er $400 to $600 $400 $600 an d over E x p e n d itu r e s 34 86 194 74 203 75 F a m ilie s in s u r v e y ---------------------------70 A verage n u m b er of food ex p en d i 2. 05 2. 96 2. 63 3.03 3. 76 tu re u n its in 1 y ea r______________ 3. 55 2.95 N u m b e r of fa m ilies sp en d in g for— M e a ls a w a y from h o m e— 45 19 11 102 15 29 33 A t w o rk __________________________ 1 5 3 1 12 3 A t sch oo l______________ _ --------7 12 9 9 O n v a c a tio n ______________________ 30 1 2 10 1 0 2 0 1 3 0 B o ard at s c h o o l.___________________ 41 102 61 20 22 41 18 C a n d y , ic ecrea m , d rin k s, e tc _____ N u m b e r of fam ilies rep ortin g food receiv ed as gifts, or p rod u ced at 32 12 86 41 13 43 h o m e, or m eals receiv ed as p a y ._ _ 20 A verage a n n u a l exp en d itu re per $400.13 $406. 24 $387.87' $411.40 $457.10 $428. 39 $477.10 fa m ily for all fo o d ___________ F o o d prepared at h o m e__________ 370. 26 387. 52 354.96 359.92 402. 72 398. 28 424.11 F o o d b o u g h t an d e a ten a w a y from 18.72 32.91 51.48 54.38 29.87 30.11 52.99 h o m e, to ta l __________ _ . . . 22. 52 31.89 8. 31 11.00 24.20 36. 56 M ea ls a t w o rk ------------- --- ___ _ 12.12 .54 .48 .63 .2 6 1. 69 1.08 2.86 M e a ls at sc h o o l__________________ 1.92 5. 47 1.32 1.53 O th er m eals, n o t v a c a tio n ___ 2.07 6. 40 12.08 3. 66 2.13 .11 _ __ 2.05 1. 35 .55 .31 M e a ls on v a c a tio n ___ __ 3. 27 6.88 B o ard a t sc h o o l_______ __ __ _ 1.28 0 3.36 0 0 5.08 8. 47 6.36 9. 52 C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, e tc . 9. 76 11.00 10. 39 A verage estim a te d v a lu e per fa m ily of gifts of food an d hom e-p rod u ced 7. 73 12.04 16. 39 .09 .08 food an d m eals receiv ed as p a y 7._ 8.41 .08 58 2.20 40 2 7 1 21 11 $470.08 382. 65 87. 43 60.34 1.07 3.15 1.38 3.14 18. 35 .0 5 7 T h e aggregates on w h ic h th ese averages are b ased do n o t in clu d e g ifts of food receiv ed , food p rod u ced a t h o m e, an d m ea ls receiv ed as p a y , rep orted b y 18 fa m ilies b u t for w h ic h th e y co u ld n o t e stim a te th e v a lu e . N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 381. 234 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 8 ,— A n n u a l f o o d e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued In d ia n a p o lis, In d .— N egro fam ilies Ite m A n n u a l Food A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $300 to $300 $400 $400 an d ov er L a n sin g , M ic h .--W h ite fam ilies A ll fam i lies E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m i lies sp e n d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per yea r U n d er $400 to $400 $600 $600 an d ov er E x p e n d itu r e s F a m ilie s in su r v e y ____________ __ 45 24 32 39 101 145 48 58 A verage n u m b er of food ex p en d 2.13 3.00 2.5 5 2.90 itu re u n its in 1 yea r_________ ______ 3.96 2.0 0 3.66 2.59 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— M e a ls a w a y from h o m e — 14 A t w o r k ------- -------------------------5 25 9 4 5 8 8 1 2 3 1 10 A t sch o o l------------------------------------0 9 0 O n v a c a tio n . __ _______________ 1 22 9 0 1 6 0 7 1 0 B o ard a t sc h o o l. __ . . . ---------------0 0 0 1 0 0 25 19 C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, e tc ____ 9 58 7 20 19 9 N u m b e r of fam ilies rep ortin g food r eceiv ed as gifts, or p rod u ced at 30 16 65 h o m e , or m ea ls receiv ed as pay___ 7 17 7 30 18 A vera g e a n n u a l exp en d itu re per fa m ily for all f o o d . . ______ __ . $341. 79 $348.10 $314.70 $353. 25 $401.66 $392. 64 $394.75 $423. 63 F o o d prepared at h o m e _____ _____ 327. 95 336. 45 301.17 336.08 380.08 381. 40 375. 25 384. 04 F o o d b o u g h t an d ea ten a w a y from h o m e, to ta l_________ . . . 13.84 11. 65 13.53 17.17 21. 58 39. 59 11. 24 19. 50 M ea ls a t w o r k _____ _____ _______ 8.6 6 13.98 7. 21 5.45 8. 60 6. 88 1. 37 7. 79 .0 3 M ea ls a t sc h o o l_____ ___________ 1. 26 2.43 .7 5 0 1.10 2. 73 0 O ther m eals, n o t v a c a tio n _____ .76 10.61 1.72 0 0 5. 77 3. 44 4. 64 M e a ls on v a c a t io n ___ . . . . 3. 65 .0 4 0 .1 7 0 1. 62 .8 6 .9 0 B o ard a t sc h o o l____ ___________ .2 4 0 0 0 0 0 .61 0 11. 32 C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, etc__ 4.57 2.0 5 8.5 7 2.23 3.9 5 5. 97 6.1 7 A verage e stim a te d v a lu e per fa m ily of g ifts o f food a n d h om e-p rod u ced 3. 34 8. 42 18.00 14.09 12.94 5.58 3.9 6 food a n d m ea ls r eceiv ed as p a y 8. . 15.47 8 T h e ag gregates o n w h ic h th ese avera ges are b a sed do n o t in c lu d e g ifts of food received , food p rod u ced a t h o m e, an d m ea ls receiv ed a s p a y , rep orted b y 27 fam ilies b u t for w h ic h th e y cou ld n o t e stim a te th e v a lu e. A ll fam ilies rep ortin g gifts of food in th e In d ia n a p o lis N egro sa m p le w ere ab le to e stim a te th eir v a lu e . N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 381. 235 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 8 .— A n n u a l f o o d e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued M I L W A U K E E , W IS — W H IT E F A M I L I E S Ite m A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per yea r $300 to $400 U n d er $300 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 an d over A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s 446 F a m ilie s in su r v e y ___ _ _ _ _ _ A verage n u m b er of food ex 3.01 p en d itu re u n its in 1 y e a r ____ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp e n d in g for— M e a ls a w a y from h o m e— 87 A t w o rk _____________________ 15 A t sch o o l______________ _____ 24 O n v a c a tio n ________________ 2 B o a rd a t sch oo l_______________ C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, 131 e tc _ _ --------- --------------------------N u m b er of fam ilies rep orting food received as g ifts, or pro d u ced at h o m e, or m eals re 70 ceiv ed as p a y _________________ A verage a n n u a l exp en d itu re per fa m ily for all fo o d _____ $510. 44 484. 02 F o o d prepared a t h o m e . F o o d b o u g h t an d ea ten a w a y from h o m e, to ta l________ 26. 42 M ea ls a t w o r k ______________ 12.91 .99 M e a ls a t sch o o l— _______ O ther m eals, n o t v a c a tio n . 3.51 M ea ls o n v a c a tio n .__ __ _ 1.24 B o ard a t sch o o l______ ___ .61 C a n d y , ice cream , d rin k s, 9.1 6 e tc _____ __ _______ A verage e stim a te d v a lu e per fa m ily of g ifts of food an d h o m e-p rod u ced food an d .0 8 m eals receiv ed as p a y 9_______ 42 4. 72 79 3. 92 116 2. 98 66 2.79 56 2.24 87 2.0 7 2 0 0 0 9 9 4 2 0 28 19 4 4 0 30 15 3 5 1 24 16 1 2 1 13 26 3 11 0 27 11 12 17 9 11 10 $528. 94 521. 32 7. 62 4. 64 0 0 0 0 2.98 $559. 70 542.99 16. 71 5. 57 1.48 .03 .98 0 8. 65 $494. 03 476. 74 17.29 8.78 1.40 .97 .73 0 5.41 $525. 76 494. 01 31.75 16. 00 1.43 .1 2 1.33 1. 35 11.52 $467. 54 428. 05 39. 49 23. 65 .39 3. 61 .89 3. 36 7. 59 $494. 61 450. 48 44.13 19.85 .5 6 4.0 0 2.90 0 16. 82 .20 .06 .04 .08 .0 6 .08 j 9 T h e aggregates o n w h ic h th ese averages are b ased do n o t in c lu d e gifts of food received , food p rod u ced a t h o m e, an d m ea ls r eceiv ed as p a y , rep orted b y 4 fam ilies b u t for w h ich th e y cou ld n o t e stim a te th e v a lu e . N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 381. 236 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 9 . — H o u s i n g f a c i l i t i e s , b y e c o n o m i c level C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S A ll fa m i lies Item H o u sin g F a c ilities E n d in D w e llin g o f S c h e d u le O c c u p ie d U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 and over at Y ear I. F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o ren ted p rin cip al 261 h o m e a t en d of sc h e d u le y e a r_____________ A v . m o. ren ta l rate a t en d of sch ed . y r ____ $19. 90 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in — 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se ---------------- ------30 1-fam ily sem id eta ch ed or row h o u se--------11 105 2 -fam ily h o u se---------------- -----------------------M u ltip le d w ellin g (3-fam ily or m o r e )-----115 D w e llin g w ith e lev a to r . . . . - ---------------2 22 D w e llin g w ith jan itor se r v ic e . . . . ______ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — B a th ro o m in d w e llin g u n it ------------------178 241 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh ________________________ O u tsid e flu sh ___________________ . 20 O ther ty p e ______________ _______ 0 194 S ole u se of to ile t b y h o u se h o ld ------------ . 261 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g . . . ---------------R u n n in g _________________________ 259 H o t r u n n in g ___________ __ . . . 180 N o t ru n n in g ___ . . . _ 2 O u tsid e d w e llin g o n ly . _________ 0 258 S in k _______________________________ . . . . . . 260 E lectric lig h ts _______ ___________ ______ . . G as or elec tric ity for c o o k in g -------------------254 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic ............... .. . . . . . . 128 O ther m ech a n ica l___ . . . 4 Ice o n ly ______ . . . . ... 124 N o n e . ________ ____________ 5 H o t air, h o t w a ter, or ste a m h e a t. ------184 T e le p h o n e_____ _________ . . ----------50 G arage------------------------- ---------------------------77 62 G arden sp a ce--------- ------ --------------------P la y sp a ce----- ---------------. . . . . . ----------122 E a ch of th e follow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or e lec tric ity 174 for co o k in g---- ---------------- . . . --------II. F a m ilie s in su rv ey , w h o ow n ed p rin cip al 91 h o m e at en d of sch ed u le year . ----------N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in — 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se -------------- --- . . . . 75 1-fam ily sem id eta ch ed or row h o u se------3 2-fam ily h o u s e . ________ . . . . . . . . 13 M u ltip le d w ellin g (3-fam ily or m o r e )____ 0 0 D w e llin g w ith e le v a to r ______ . . . ------------D w e llin g w ith jan itor ser v ic e _____________ 0 N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — 87 B a th r o o m in d w e llin g u n it . ------- -------T o ilet: In sid e flu sh ----- -----------------------88 O u tsid e flu sh _________________ . . 3 0 O ther t y p e ------ -------------------------S ole u se of to ile t b y h o u seh o ld -------------88 W ater: In sid e d w ellin g ------------------- . . 91 R u n n in g ____________ __ _________ 91 H o t ru n n in g ------- -------- . . . _. 81 N o t ru n n in g ______ ____________ 0 O u tsid e d w ellin g o n ly ......................... 0 S in k _______ ______ __ . . . ----------- __ . . . . 91 E le c tr ic lig h ts-------- ------ ----------------------88 G as or elec tric ity for co o k in g _____________ 90 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic------- ------------------ . . . 53 O ther m e c h a n ic a l... ______ 0 Ice o n ly ______ _______ __ _ 37 1 N o n e . . ___________________ H o t air, h o t w ater, or stea m h e a t______ _ 86 49 T e le p h o n e_________________ _____ . . . 48 G arage______________________________________ 58 G arden sp a ce . _. ______________________ . . 75 P la y sp a ce__________________________________ E a ch of th e follow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or electricity 77 for co o k in g ________________ ________ . N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 382. E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year 52 25 $14. 64 $18. 67 66 42 $17. 56 $21. 04 31 $21. 58 45 $25. 46 2 4 8 11 0 0 10 22 3 0 18 25 24 13 1 0 25 25 24 5 0 19 1 11 0 3 5 13 6 2 22 22 0 3 36 46 6 0 44 52 52 35 0 0 52 52 50 20 0 32 0 35 2 10 13 23 9 2 29 26 0 0 39 59 7 0 44 66 66 40 0 0 66 65 64 31 2 31 2 45 7 13 14 28 7 2 14 19 1 4 29 40 2 0 28 42 42 29 0 0 40 42 41 22 0 20 0 34 14 15 12 21 2 0 15 14 0 4 23 30 1 0 25 31 30 24 1 0 31 31 31 21 0 9 1 24 9 14 9 17 4 1 17 23 1 11 41 44 1 0 35 45 45 39 0 0 44 45 44 29 2 13 1 35 18 22 9 20 13 6 4 0 2 0 0 0 5 5 1 0 6 6 6 4 0 0 6 6 6 1 0 5 0 5 2 3 4 6 33 20 17 1 2 0 0 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 20 19 0 0 20 20 20 11 0 9 0 17 10 10 11 18 39 22 18 1 3 0 0 0 21 21 1 0 20 22 22 17 0 0 22 21 22 9 0 12 1 21 10 9 14 18 28 13 11 0 2 0 0 0 13 13 0 0 13 13 13 12 0 0 13 12 13 8 0 5 0 13 7 5 7 8 23 11 7 1 3 0 0 0 11 11 0 0 11 11 11 10 0 0 11 10 11 7 0 4 0 11 5 7 7 8 38 19 18 0 1 0 0 0 19 19 0 0 19 19 19 19 0 0 19 19 18 17 0 2 0 19 15 14 15 17 4 19 16 11 9 18 TABULAR SUMMARY T 237 a b l e 9 . — H o u s i n g f a c i l i t i e s , b y e c o n o m i c level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO —N E G R O F A M I L IE S E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year Ite m A ll fam ilies U n d er $300 $300 to $400 H o u s in g F a c ilities in D w e llin g S c h e d u le O c c u p ie d at E n d of Year I. F a m ilie s in su rv ey , w h o ren ted p rin cip al h o m e at en d of sch ed u le yea r____________________ ______ __ _ A verage m o n th ly ren ta l rate a t en d of sch ed u le y e a r .. N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in — 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se _____ _______ __ ______ _ 1-fam ily sem id eta ch ed or row h o u se___ _________ _ 2 -fam ilv h o u se . . . ________ . M u ltip le d w e llin g (3-fam ily or m ore) ________ . . . D w e llin g w ith e le v a to r .. _ _ . . . ... ... _ _ D w e llin g w ith jan itor se r v ic e . __ ________ ________ N u m b e r of fa m ilies h a v in g — B a th roo m in d w e llin g u n it ________________________ T o ilet: In sid e flu sh . . . . ._ _. ____________ _ . . . O u tsid e flu sh ____. . . _____ . . . . . . __ _ O ther t y p e ____ ________________________ . . . Sole u se of to ile t b y h o u seh o ld . __ _ _ _ __ _ W ater: In sid e d w ellin g __________ . . . . . _ . . . R u n n in g ______ _ _ _ _ . .. H o t r u n n in g ._. . . . ____ ____ N o t ru n n in g . . . . . . . . . . __ _ __ O u tsid e d w e llin g o n ly . . . . . . . _______ S in k _______________ ______ __ ________ _ „ . . . E lectric lig h ts ____ _________ _________ _____________ G as or e lec tric ity for c o o k in g . _ ____ ______ R efrigerator: E le c tr ic ______ ... O ther m e c h a n ic a l.. . . . __ . . . Ice o n ly _____ __ . . . . . _ __ . N o n e ... . . . . . . . _______ ______ H o t air, h o t w ater, or steam h e a t_______ _______ T e le p h o n e .. _____________________________________ G arage_____ ______ __________ . . . _____ ______ . __ G arden sp a ce _______ __ _ _ ________ . . . . . . __ P la y sp a ce. _ . . . _ . . . . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . . __ . E a ch of th e follo w in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or e lec tric ity for co o k in g_________ II. F a m ilie s in su r v e y w h o o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e at en d of sch ed u le y e a r .._ _ ___________. . . _______ __ N u m b e r of fa m ilies liv in g in — 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se ______________ ___________ __ 1-fam ily sem id eta ch ed or row h o u se____ _____ . . . . 2 -fa m ily h o u s e _________________________ __________ __ M u ltip le d w e llin g (3-fam ily or m o r e )______ ______ __ D w e llin g w ith e le v a to r . ______. . . __________ _ . D w e llin g w ith jan itor service . . . _ ______ _ . N u m b e r of fa m ilies h a v in g — B a th ro o m in d w e llin g u n it __________ . . _ . . . T o ilet: In sid e flu sh ... . . . ____ _______ ______ _ O u tsid e flu sh . __ _ _ . . . . __ . . . __ _ O ther t y p e .. _. ___________ . . . _ . . . ------Sole u se of to ile t b y h o u seh o ld . . . _______ __ _ _ . . W ater: In sid e d w e llin g . __ _________ _______ ________ R u n n in g .. _ _ _____ _ ... . _. H o t r u n n in g _______ _ ______________ N o t ru n n in g __________ ________ O u tsid e d w e llin g o n ly . . . . _____ ____ S i n k _________ __ . . . _______ _______ E lectric l i g h t s _________________________________________ G as or e lec tric ity for coo k in g ____ . . . ____________ R efrigerator: E le c tr ic _________ __ ____________________ O ther m ech a n ica l _ _ _______________ Ice o n ly ____ __ _ __ . . . _______ N o n e . _________________ . . . _______ . H o t air, h o t w a ter, or stea m h e a t______ . . . . . . . T elep h o n e _. _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . _ ________ _________. . G arage_______ __ . . . __ _ . . . _______ __ G ard en sp a ce_______ _____ ___ _ ___________ _ P la y sp a c e ______________________________________________ E a ch of th e fo llo w in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or e lec tric ity for c o o k in g ________ N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 382. $400 and over 90 $14. 94 33 $13. 65 26 $14. 76 31 $16. 46 6 12 28 44 1 1 43 74 11 5 53 86 84 29 2 4 87 79 63 6 0 83 1 29 10 3 8 32 4 2 6 21 1 1 12 25 4 4 17 30 28 7 2 3 31 26 21 1 0 31 1 8 2 1 3 15 0 4 11 11 0 0 13 23 3 0 17 26 26 6 0 0 26 24 19 1 0 25 0 8 2 0 2 9 2 6 11 12 0 0 18 26 4 1 19 30 30 16 0 1 30 29 23 4 0 27 0 13 6 2 3 8 29 10 6 1 3 0 0 0 6 6 0 4 9 6 6 5 0 4 7 9 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 7 3 1 3 0 0 0 6 6 0 1 6 5 5 5 0 2 6 6 1 0 9 0 5 5 1 6 5 7 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 1 1 0 0 2 1 3 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 0 3 3 4 0 0 1 5 5 1 0 6 0 5 4 1 3 2 4 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 238 T 9.— able H o u s i n g f a c i l i t i e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H IT E F A M I L I E S A ll fam i lies Item H o u sin g F a c ilitie s in E n d D w e llin g o f S c h e d u le E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per yea r Un der $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 to $800 $800 an d over O c c u p ie d at Y ear I. F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o ren ted p rin cip al 74 19 55 h o m e a t e n d o f sch ed u le yea r _________ 58 49 350 30 65 A v . m o . ren ta l rate a t en d of sch ed . y r____ $22. 98 $18. 84 $21. 24 $20. 69 $22. 47 $24. 52 $25. 78 $26.29 N u m b e r of fa m ilie s liv in g in 9 i'fa m ily d e ta c h e d h o u se . ______________ 12 11 12 13 13 80 10 1fa m ily se m id e ta ch ed or row h o u se__ 2 1 9 0 3 0 1 2 2fa m ily h o u se ____________ _____________ 7 _____________ 8 42 27 159 _____________ 23 23 29 M u ltip le d w e llin g (3-fa m ily or m o r e ) ... 18 21 12 102 3 16 8 24 D w e llin g w ith elev a to r ________________ 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 D w e llin g w ith jan itor se r v ic e ____________ 5 3 3 6 5 0 36 14 N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — 52 56 332 317 71 46 27 63 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh _ _ _ ________ 19 55 74 49 348 57 29 65 O u tsid e flu sh __ _ . . . ________ 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 1 1 O ther t y p e ... _______________ __ 2 0 0 0 0 0 Sole u se o f to ile t b y h o u se h o ld ___________ 53 69 329 17 55 46 30 59 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g ________ ______ ___ 19 74 55 49 58 350 30 65 R u n n in g ____ __ _______ ______ 19 54 74 49 346 56 30 64 H o t r u n n in g _______ __________ 19 52 69 332 47 55 27 63 1 N o t r u n n in g ________________ __ 4 0 0 0 0 2 1 O u tsid e d w e llin g o n ly _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S i n k . _______________ ____________ __ . . . 55 74 19 58 49 349 30 64 E le c tr ic lig h ts . __ _ __ _____________ _. 74 19 55 349 58 49 29 65 G as or e le c tr ic ity for co o k in g _____________ 350 19 55 74 58 49 30 65 1 11 11 7 R efrigerator: E lectric _ _________________ 13 95 16 36 4 O ther m e ch a n ic a l______ __ 6 0 0 0 0 0 2 Ice o n ly ... _ _ _________ 59 241 17 46 46 33 16 24 1 1 1 N o n e ________ ____ __ _ __ 8 2 2 0 1 H o t air, h o t w a ter, or ste a m h eat ___ 280 34 53 54 27 10 42 60 T e le p h o n e . ___________ ___________ ______ 2 3 9 8 73 13 16 22 G a rage___________________ _____________ 6 24 33 28 31 186 19 45 11 G ard en sp a c e ______ _ . . . ___________ 32 27 21 14 25 157 27 P la y sp a ce . _______ ________ ____________ 39 46 235 16 42 31 20 41 E a ch of th e follo w in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h ot w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or e lec tric ity for c o o k in g . _ ______ _________________ 51 19 69 328 53 47 27 62 I I . F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o o w n e d p rin cip al 9 32 h o m e a t en d of sch ed u le y e a r . ________ 16 27 25 17 14 140 N u m b e r of fa m ilies liv in g in — 11 5 24 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se . _____ _____ 18 14 102 20 10 1fa m ily sem id eta ch ed or row h o u se__ 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 11 2fa m ily h o u se ________ _____ __ 5 3 7 3 3 4 36 M u ltip le d w e llin g (3-fam ily or m o re)___ 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 D w e llin g w ith elev a to r _________ __ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D w e llin g w ith jan itor se r v ic e ____________ 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 o N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — Bathroom in dwelling u n it.......................... 134 9 13 26 31 24 17 14 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh _________ _____ ____ __ 9 138 16 26 32 24 17 14 1 1 0 O u tsid e flu sh __ _______________ 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 O th er ty p e _____________________ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 Sole u se o f to ile t b y h o u se h o ld ___________ 16 24 137 30 17 14 9 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g _______ ________ 27 32 9 16 25 14 17 140 R u n n in g ...... ......................................... 140 27 32 25 17 14 9 16 H o t r u n n in g .. . . . ____. . . 27 14 28 14 133 25 17 8 N o t r u n n in g . ______ ____________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O u tsid e d w e llin g o n ly . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 S in k _________________________________________ 140 27 32 9 25 14 16 17 27 E le c tr ic lig h ts . _ ___________ _ __ _____ 139 25 16 31 17 14 9 G as or e le c tr ic ity for coo k in g . . . 138 27 24 9 16 17 14 31 5 6 4 9 4 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic ._______ _________ 36 0 8 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 o O ther m e ch a n ic a l. _____ Ice o n ly ._______ __ 14 21 98 25 8 5 5 20 1 1 N o n e . __________ _____ 4 2 0 0 0 0 H o t air, h ot w ater, or ste a m h e a t ______ 14 24 24 132 17 9 30 14 4 T e le p h o n e _________________ __ . 3 7 7 9 5 45 10 G arage. _______ ___________ . . . . ____ 9 8 21 24 18 15 108 13 G arden sp a ce __ ______ __ . . . . . . 12 6 104 22 22 19 14 9 o P la y sp a ce. _______ _ 14 18 111 20 27 15 11 E a ch of th e follow in g item s: In sid e flush to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or elec tric ity for coo k in g__________________ __ __ __ 130 14 26 28 23 17 14 8 N o te s o n th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p, 382. 239 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 9 . — H o u s i n g f a c i l i t i e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO -W H IT E F A M IL IE S A ll fam i lies Ite m H o u sin g F a c ilities in D w e llin g S c h ed u le U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d ov er O c c u p ie d at E n d o f Year I. F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o r en ted p rin cip a l h o m e at en d of sch ed u le y e a r ____________ __ __ __________ A v . m o n th ly ren ta l rate a t en d of sch ed . y e a r ... N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in — 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se . _ _ ______ _ _ 1-fam ily sem id eta ch ed or row h o u se ___________ 2-fa m ily h o u se ______ __ _________________ __ _ M u ltip le d w ellin g (3-fam ily or m ore) _ ______ D w e llin g w ith elev a to r _ ________ _____________ D w e llin g w ith jan itor se r v ic e ________ _______ __ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — "Bathroom in d w e llin g unit, T o ilet: In sid e flu sh _____________ _____ __ ____ O u tsid e flu sh -. ___________ __ ______ O ther ty p e ___ ___________ ________ _ _ Sole u se of to ile t b y h o u se h o ld __ ________________ W ater: In sid e d w e llin g ._ _ _ _______ _________ R u n n in g _ ___________ _ _ _ _ H o t ru n n in g ____ __ _ _ N ot, r u n n in g __ ____ O u tsid e d w e llin g o n ly ______ _ _ S i n k _________ __ _________ __ _ _ _ E lectric lig h ts. _ _________ __ _____ G as or e lec tric ity for c o o k in g . _ R efrigerator: E lectric ______ ______ __ O ther m e ch a n ic a l_____ ________ _ Ice o n ly . _______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ N o n e . _ _________ _______ __ __ H o t air, h o t w ater, or ste a m h eat _ T e le p h o n e ._________________ __________ __ __ G a rage. _______________ ____ ____________ __ G ard en sp a ce ____________________ _________________ P la y s p a c e ________ ______________ E a ch of th e follo w in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or e lec tric ity for co o k in g _____ II. F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e at en d of sch ed u le y e a r ... _ _________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in — 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se . _ _ ____ __ 1-fam ily sem id eta ch ed or row h o u s e . _______ __ 2-fam ily h o u se ______ ______ __ _ ___ M u ltip le d w ellin g (3-fam ily or m o re)_____ _ D w e llin g w ith e le v a to r .. _______ __ ____________ D w e llin g w ith ja n itor se r v ic e_____ __ N u m b e r of fa m ilies h a v in g — B a lb rn om in d w e llin g u n it _ . . T o ilet: In sid e f l u s h . __ __ _______ __ __ __ O u tsid e flu sh ______________ O ther ty p e ________ _____________ _____ Sole u se of to ile t b y h o u seh o ld __ _ _ _________ W ater: In sid e d w ellin g ______ __ __ R u n n in g ._ ____ _ _ _____ H o t r u n n in g ____________ ___________ N o t r u n n in g ___________ ___________ __ O u tsid e d w e llin g o n ly _______ __ _ _ _ S in k . _ _______ __ __ ___________ __ __ _ E le c tr ic lig h t. __ _______ ______ __ ______ __ G as or e lec tric ity for co o k in g ___ __ _______ __ R efrigerator: E lectric _ __ __ __ O ther m ech a n ica l _ _ _ _ _ Ice o n ly _ ____ _ ______ _ N o n e __________________ ______ __ H o t air, h o t w ater, or stea m h ea t _ _ T e le p h o n e ________ _____________ _ __ _ ______ G a rage. ___ _____ _______________ ______________ _ G a rd en sp a c e ____ ____ ___________ ______ __ _ P la y sp a ce ____ ___________ _____ _________ _ __ E a ch of th e fo llow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or elec tric ity for c o o k in g--------N o te s o n th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 382. E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per e x p en d itu re u n it per year 172 32 36 $20.14 $15. 43 $18. 65 58 $21.42 46 $22. 97 71 47 41 13 0 1 16 7 10 3 0 0 33 34 1 1 34 35 34 33 1 1 36 36 33 2 0 34 0 34 6 20 13 27 29 13 14 2 0 0 56 57 1 0 57 58 58 56 0 0 58 58 58 15 0 41 2 56 14 38 21 40 13 18 9 6 0 1 159 143 4 25 167 169 168 162 1 3 170 170 165 37 2 130 3 164 42 105 70 121 13 9 8 2 0 0 25 25 1 6 30 30 30 27 0 2 30 30 28 2 0 30 0 28 o 14 14 26 45 27 1 18 46 46 46 46 0 0 46 46 46 18 2 25 1 46 22 33 22 28 151 94 83 4 7 0 0 0 86 86 0 8 94 92 91 84 1 2 92 93 91 27 1 63 3 91 38 74 70 74 21 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 12 12 0 4 16 15 14 12 1 1 16 16 14 0 0 16 0 14 2 9 11 11 30 19 16 1 2 0 0 0 19 18 0 1 19 19 19 18 0 0 18 18 18 1 0 16 2 19 7 15 13 16 56 37 31 2 4 0 0 0 33 34 0 3 37 36 36 33 0 1 36 37 37 14 0 22 1 37 16 31 30 33 44 22 20 1 1 0 0 0 22 22 0 0 22 22 22 21 0 0 22 22 22 12 1 9 0 21 13 19 16 14 84 12 18 33 21 240 EAST NORTH CENTRAL, REGION T able 9.— H o u sin g fa c ilitie s , b y A ll fa m i lies Ite m H o u sin g F a c ilities E n d econom ic level — D E T R O I T , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S in D w e llin g o f S c h ed u le O c c u p ie d E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g p er ex p en d itu re u n it per yea r U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $700 an d ov er 46 $16.47 66 $18.48 78 $19.64 82 $22. 51 51 $23.59 102 $26. 78 21 1 12 12 0 4 44 44 0 2 44 46 44 38 2 0 46 46 41 4 0 36 6 34 1 20 14 27 32 1 24 9 1 4 66 65 0 1 65 65 65 64 0 1 65 66 64 9 0 53 4 58 4 32 20 44 25 2 34 17 0 7 78 77 0 1 75 78 78 74 0 0 78 76 78 17 1 59 1 66 10 42 28 44 31 2 24 25 7 16 80 82 0 0 81 82 82 79 0 0 82 82 81 32 2 46 2 74 20 52 30 47 20 17 0 14 2 9 50 50 0 1 50 50 50 48 0 1 51 51 51 19 0 32 0 46 17 32 22 28 24 3 40 35 10 31 101 102 0 0 98 101 101 96 0 1 100 102 101 64 0 37 1 100 35 62 30 44 34 29 24 0 5 0 0 0 26 27 0 2 29 29 29 25 0 0 29 29 27 7 0 17 5 22 4 21 22 24 62 35 28 0 7 0 0 0 34 34 0 1 34 35 35 33 0 0 35 35 34 4 0 27 4 31 7 30 20 27 71 44 32 1 11 0 0 0 43 42 0 2 44 44 44 40 0 0 44 44 44 11 0 29 4 41 12 37 29 37 79 18 17 0 1 0 0 0 18 18 0 0 18 18 18 18 0 0 18 18 18 5 0 12 1 14 5 17 15 15 48 25 21 0 4 0 0 0 25 25 0 0 25 25 25 25 0 0 25 25 25 8 0 16 1 24 10 21 19 18 96 22 18 0 4 0 0 0 22 22 0 0 22 22 22 21 0 0 22 22 22 11 1 9 1 21 14 22 14 13 27 33 39 18 25 20 at Y ear I . F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o ren ted p r in c ip a l h o m e a t en d o f sch ed u le y e a r . _ -----------425 A v . m o. ren ta l rate at en d of sch ed y r ___ $21. 85 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in — 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u s e -. _ ___ 153 1-fam ily se m id e ta ch ed or row h o u se_____ 26 2-fam ily h o u se___________ ____________ _ _ 134 M u ltip le d w e llin g (3-fam ily or m o r e )____ 112 D w e llin g w ith e l e v a t o r _ ____________ 20 D w e llin g w ith jan itor se r v ic e . ___________ 71 N u m b e r of fa m ilies h a v in g — B a th ro o m in d w e llin g u n it- _ ___________ _ 419 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh .................................. ............. 420 O u tsid e flu sh ________________ _____ 0 O th er ty p e ------------------------------------5 S o le u se of to ile t b y h o u se h o ld __________ 413 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g — ------------------- __ 422 R u n n in g _________________________ 420 H o t r u n n in g _________________ 399 N o t r u n n in g ________ ___________ 2 O u tsid e d w e llin g o n ly . ________ 3 S in k _________________________________________ 422 E le c tr ic lig h ts ______________________________ 423 G as or e le c tr ic ity for c o o k in g . _ ---------------416 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic ___________ _________ 145 O ther m e ch a n ic a l___ ______ 3 Ic e o n ly __________________ _ 263 14 N o n e ________________ H o t air, h o t w a ter, or stea m h e a t. ___ 378 T e le p h o n e ______________________ _____ 87 G arage____________________________________ 240 144 G arden sp a ce__________________________ 234 P la y sp a ce___ _ — _ -------------- _ E a ch o f th e follo w in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or elec tric ity for c o o k in g .. _ -------------- --- __ __ ___ 390 II. F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o o w n ed p rin cip a l h o m e a t en d of sch ed u le y e a r ---------------173 N u m b e r o f fam ilies liv in g in — 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u s e .. _ -----------------140 1-fam ily se m id e ta ch ed or r o w h o u se ___ __ 1 32 2-fam ily h o u se------------------ ----------------------M u ltip le d w e llin g (3 -fam ily or m o r e )____ 0 D w e llin g w ith e le v a to r . --------- --- _ _ ___ 0 0 D w e llin g w ith jan itor s e r v ic e ____________ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — B a th ro o m in d w e llin g u n it . ______ _ 168 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh ________ ______ _______ 168 O u tsid e flu sh --------------------------------0 5 O ther ty p e --------------- ---------------------172 S o le u se o f to ilet b y h o u seh o ld ---------------W ater: In sid e d w e llin g ______________ . _ 173 R u n n in g ____ _____ ______________ 173 H o t r u n n in g ________ _________ 162 N o t ru n n in g ___________________ 0 O u tsid e d w ellin g o n ly _________ 0 S in k ---------- --------------------------------------------173 173 E lectric lig h ts--------------------------------------------170 G as or e le c tr ic ity for c o o k in g -----------------R efrigerator: E le c tr ic -------------------------------46 O ther m e ch a n ic a l— ______ 1 Ic e o n ly __________ ________ 110 16 N one. -_- -_H o t air, h o t w a ter, or stea m h e a t________ 153 52 T e le p h o n e ______________ 148 G a rage______________________ - ------------119 G ard en sp a ce_________________ . -------------134 P la y sp a ce -------------------------------------------------E a c h of th e follow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, r u n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or elec tric ity 162 for c o o k i n g . . _________________________ I N o te s o n th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 382. Continued TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 9 . — H o u s i n g f a c i l i t i e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued W H IT E F A M I L I E S ________________________ G ran d R a p id s, M ic h .____________ In d ia n a p o lis, In d . E co n o m ic l e v e l — E co n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilies sp en d in g F am ilies sp en d in g per e x p e n d it u r e A ll per e x p e n d i t u r e A ll u n it per year u n it per year fa m i fam i lies U n d er $400 $600 lies $600 U n d er $400 an d to to an d $400 $600 $400 $600 over over Item H o u sin g F a c ilitie s E n d 241 in D w e llin g o f S c h e d u le O c c u p ie d at Y ear I. F a m ilies in su r v e y , w h o ren ted p rin cip al 106 39 h o m e at en d of sch ed u le y ea r_______ . . _ 20 134 47 53 38 43 A v . m o. ren ta l rate a t e n d of sch ed . y r ____ $13. 73 $11.89 $14. 33 $16.90 $17.99 $14. 76 $18. 60 $21.43 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in — 54 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u s e .:----------------------11 18 65 25 30 17 18 1-fam ily sem id eta ch ed or row h o u s e .. . 3 2 1 0 35 10 13 12 39 22 2-fam ily h o u se---------- -------------------------4 11 17 18 5 6 M u ltip le d w ellin g (3-fam . or m o re)_____ 10 12 3 2 5 2 3 7 D w ellin g w ith elev a to r____________ . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 D w ellin g w ith jan itor serv ice_________ _ 1 2 3 5 0 2 3 N u m b er of fam ilies h a v in g — B a th ro o m in d w e llin g u n it _______ _ 93 19 111 38 36 36 33 42 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh ________________ __ _ 101 121 20 43 38 44 42 35 O u tsid e flu sh _______ ___________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O ther t y p e _______________________ 5 1 4 0 13 9 3 1 105 129 S ole u se of to ile t b y h o u se h o ld __________ 47 38 20 50 37 42 103 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g __________________ 38 20 125 45 48 42 35 103 R u n n in g ______________________ 45 38 20 123 46 35 42 72 H o t r u n n in g ________________ 19 94 32 25 28 24 38 2 N o t r u n n in g . ____ _ _ __ 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 9 O u tsid e d w ellin g o n ly __________ 2 1 0 5 3• 1 106 20 125 S in k ______ _ -------------- -------------48 35 42 47 39 104 134 47 38 19 E lectric lig h ts ________________ _______ 53 38 43 96 108 G as or e lec tric ity for c o o k in g __________ 41 35 20 37 31 40 19 9 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic . . . _. ______ 36 9 5 5 5 22 O ther m e ch a n ic a l_______ 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 92 Ice o n ly ---------------- --------75 31 8 36 45 27 20 11 6 N o n e ___ _________ _________ 2 3 2 6 3 1 73 94 H o t air, h o t w ater, or stea m h e a t_______ 28 15 28 30 27 39 21 4 7 17 2 T e le p h o n e ____ __ _________ _________ 10 7 8 60 22 13 83 G arage____ . . _________ 29 24 25 30 11 54 105 41 G arden sp ace _____ _______ __ ______ 23 20 31 33 67 24 108 33 10 43 31 34 P la y sp a c e -------------- -----------------------------E a ch of th e follow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or elec tric ity 89 69 17 26 26 29 for co o k in g . . _______ 23 37 II. F a m ilies in su r v e y , w h o ow n ed p rin cip al h o m e a t en d of sch ed u le y e a r. __ . . . 69 88 39 14 22 35 32 15 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in — 62 34 13 83 36 29 20 13 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se ._____________ . 1-fam ily sem id eta ch ed or row h o u se-----6 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 3 1 1 0 1 0 2-fam ily h o u se_____________________ _ _ 0 M u ltip le d w ellin g (3-fam . or m o re)_____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D w e llin g w ith e lev a to r___ . . . ________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D w e llin g w ith jan itor serv ice___ ________ N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — 14 84 36 34 14 59 18 27 B a th r o o m in d w e llin g u n it . . . . . . __ 85 34 14 61 19 14 37 28 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh ____. . . ______ ______ 0 0 0 0 O u tsid e flu sh ___ _____________ _ 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 8 3 0 3 4 O ther ty p e . _ _ . . . _______ 14 22 88 39 35 66 31 13 S ole u se of to ile t b y h o u seh o ld _______ _ 14 88 39 35 66 21 31 14 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g ----------------- -----14 63 19 85 35 14 R u n n in g _______ __ _. _______ 36 30 32 14 13 77 31 51 25 13 H o t r u n n in g ________________ 3 2 3 3 0 1 N o t r u n n in g _____ _. . . . . . . 0 0 3 1 O u tsid e d w ellin g o n ly _______ _ 0 0 0 0 1 1 14 67 21 86 35 31 37 15 S in k -------- ----------------------------------------------14 22 35 69 32 87 38 15 E lectric lig h ts . . . _________ _______ __ 84 14 62 35 18 29 G as or e lec tric ity for c o o k in g . 35 15 9 3 25 4 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic . _ _ __ 18 6 13 8 O ther m e ch a n ic a l_____ __ 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 42 64 31 24 9 17 Ice o n ly _________________ 18 7 2 1 2 1 5 2 1 0 N o n e ___ . . . 32 12 14 49 H o t air, h o t w a ter, or stea m h ea t _ 80 34 26 11 13 15 2 28 7 8 7 6 T e le p h o n e _______________________ __ 54 14 66 25 29 12 14 26 G a r a g e .._ ________________ _. _ 12 66 20 32 14 75 33 30 G arden s p a c e ______ _____ _ _____ ._ 73 33 30 10 67 21 32 14 P la y s p a c e .. _ . . . __ _______ _. . . . E a ch of th e fo llow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or electricity 74 29 for c o o k in g ._______ __ ______________ 31 1 14 47 12 23 12 N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 382. 242 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T a b l e 9 . — H o u s i n g f a c i l i t i e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Continued In d ia n a p o lis, In d .—-Negro fam ilies E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i lies U n d er $300 $400 an d $300 to $400 over Item H o u sin g F a c ilities in at E n d D w e llin g o f S c h e d u le L a n sin g , M ic h .— W h ite fam ilies E c o n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilies sp e n d in g per exp en d itu re A ll u n it per year fam i lies U n d er $400 $600 an d $400 to $600 over O c c u p ie d Year I. F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o r en ted p rin cip al 82 36 h o m e a t en d of sc h e d u le y e a r . _ . _ . . . 19 27 88 35 30 23 A v . m o. ren ta l rate at en d of sch ed . y r___ $11. 68 $11.01 $12.89 $11.74 $19. 26 $16.20 $20. 59 $22.20 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in — 41 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se_________ __ _ _ _ 21 5 15 66 30 19 17 1-fam ily sem i-d etach ed or row h o u se___ 22 11 6 5 0 1 1 0 10 2 2 -fam ily h o u se____ _____ __ ________ __ 5 3 14 3 4 7 2 M u ltip le d w ellin g (3-fam ily or m o r e )... 9 3 4 2 7 2 3 D w e llin g w ith elev a to r . ______ . . . __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 D w e llin g w ith jan itor s e r v ic e _________ 5 0 2 3 8 3 3 N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — 11 32 B a th ro o m in d w e llin g u n i t .. _ _______ 30 9 10 83 23 28 52 23 13 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh ____ _____ __ _ _ 32 16 83 28 23 O u tsid e flu sh .. __ _________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 O ther ty p e ___________ ________ __ 30 13 11 3 5 2 0 S ole u se of to ilet b y h o u se h o ld _________ 78 35 17 33 26 84 28 23 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g ___ ______________ 58 14 26 33 18 85 29 23 R u n n in g ___________ _______ __ 24 13 55 18 33 85 29 23 H o t r u n n in g _____ ______ __ _ 28 9 10 9 23 66 23 20 1 N o t r u n n in g __________________ 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 O u tsid e d w ellin g o n ly _____ . . . 24 5 9 2 10 3 1 0 S in k ____ _____ _________________ __________ 14 34 61 29 18 85 21 30 79 18 34 E lectric lig h ts_________ ________________ 34 27 87 30 23 G as or elec tric ity for co o k in g ____________ 8 12 21 27 7 69 28 20 21 1 1 0 3 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic .__ _________ _. 0 9 9 0 O ther m e ch a n ic a l. __ _ __ 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 Ice o n ly .____________ 78 17 34 27 23 55 18 14 2 N o n e _______________________ 3 1 9 0 10 1 0 H o t air, h o t w ater, or ste a m h e a t. _ . . . 24 8 81 31 8 8 27 23 T e le p h o n e ____ ___________________ ______ 1 0 12 0 1 1 5 6 G arage____________________ _____________ 24 16 9 6 9 58 22 20 14 21 G ard en sp a ce____ . . . . _ _ _ _ _ __ 63 29 20 57 25 11 P la y s p a c e .. _________________ _. ______ 63 29 14 20 25 24 67 18 E a ch o f th e follow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric ligh t, an d gas or electricity for c o o k in g __________ _ __ _________ 16 2 16 7 7 56 22 18 II. F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o o w n ed p rin cip a l h o m e at en d of sc h e d u le y e a r___ 19 5 9 5 57 23 18 16 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in: 21 4 5 52 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u s e . ______________ 17 8 16 15 1-fam ily sem i-d eta ch ed or row h o u se___ 1 0 2 0 0 2 1 0 2 -fam ily h o u se________________________ __ 2 0 0 1 1 0 3 1 M u ltip le d w e llin g (3-fam ily or m o r e )... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D w e llin g w ith e le v a to r ._ . . . ___________ 0 0 0 0 0 D w e llin g w ith jan itor serv ice. _ . ____ 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 N u m b e r o f fam ilies h a v in g — B a th ro o m in d w e llin g u n i t . ____________ 14 5 4 5 50 19 15 16 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh ___________________ . 6 4 5 51 18 18 15 15 O u tsid e flu sh _________ ___________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 6 5 O ther t y p e .______________________ 3 0 1 S ole u se o f to ile t b y h o u se h o ld ___ 9 5 5 55 22 19 17 16 4 54 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g __________________ 5 20 18 16 15 6 54 R u n n in g ___________ _ _ . 4 20 15 6 5 18 16 38 H o t r u n n in g _____ ___________ 4 3 5 17 12 6 15 N o t r u n n in g ____ __ . . . _ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 1 0 O u tsid e d w ellin g o n ly __________ 3 3 0 0 S in k _____ _ _ 4 56 23 5 15 6 18 15 22 E lectric l i g h t s . . . ______ . . . ______ . . . _ 8 5 5 55 16 18 17 G as or e lec tric ity for c o o k in g .. __ ____ 19 13 5 3 5 53 18 16 2 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic . ___________________ 1 1 4 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 O ther m ech an ical _ _ _ _ 0 0 0 0 0 Ice o n ly ______ . . . 4 2 49 18 9 15 16 15 4 2 0 N o n e . __________ __ 0 0 0 6 0 22 2 4 56 18 16 H o t air, h o t w ater, or stea m h e a t_______ 5 11 18 1 9 8 T e le p h o n e ______ _____________ 1 0 0 1 18 15 15 4 48 G arage______________________ _ ______ 6 3 13 14 41 15 12 4 4 G a rd en sp a ce______ . . . __________________ 9 17 22 14 54 18 4 4 9 P la y s p a c e .. ______ ______ ________________ 17 E a ch of th e follow ing item s: In sid e flu sh to ilet, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric ligh t, an d gas or electricity 15 14 16 45 5 4 3 12 for cook in g . . . . . . . . . _ . . . .. Notes on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 382. TABULAR SUMMARY T a b l e 9 .— Housing facilities, by economic level— Continued M I L W A U K E E , W IS .— W H I T E F A M I L IE S A ll fam i lies Ite m H o u s in g F a c ilities in E n d D w e llin g o f S c h e d u le E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year $400 $500 $700 $600 U n d er $300 to to to to an d $300 $400 $600 $500 $700 ov er O c c u p ie d at Y ear I. F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o ren ted p rin cip al 327 h o m e a t e n d of sc h e d u le y e a r ____________ A v . m o. ren ta l rate at en d of sch ed . y r_____ $24.14 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in-— I-fa m ily d eta ch ed h o u s e ._ ------- --------. . . 87 1-fa m ily se m id e ta ch ed or row h o u se______ 12 183 2 -fam ily h o u se .- ------------ -----------------------45 M u ltip le d w e llin g (3-fam ily or m o r e )____ 1 D w e llin g w ith e le v a to r . -----------------------26 D w e llin g w ith ja n itor serv ice ---------------N u m b e r of fa m ilies h a v in g — 291 B a th roo m in d w ellin g u n it -------------------- . 323 T o ilet: In sid e flu sh ____________ _ _ _ _ _ 0 O u tsid e flu sh . ---------------------------4 O ther ty p e ------------------------------------305 S ole u se of to ile t b y h o u seh o ld _ _ -----------325 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g . ________ ________ 322 R u n n in g . ______ _____________ 257 H o t r u n n in g ----- -------------------3 N o t r u n n in g ___ ___ ------- --2 O u tsid e d w e llin g o n l y . -------------324 S in k ________ ______ - -- -------------- - 325 E le c tr ic lig h ts ________ __________________ 324 G as or e le c tr ic ity for c o o k in g ----------- ___ 69 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic____________ _ _ ___ 3 O ther m ech a n ica l ------214 Ice o n ly ------ ------------------------41 N o n e .. ------------ --- _ 254 H o t air, h o t w a ter, or ste a m h e a t .. ___ . 97 T e le p h o n e---------- ---------------------------- - -138 G arage______________________________________ 123 G arden sp a ce_______________________________ 201 P la y sp a ce--------------------------------------------------E a ch of th e fo llow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ile t, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric lig h t, an d gas or elec tric ity 249 for co o k in g ____________________________ II. F a m ilie s in su r v e y , w h o ow n ed p rin cip al 119 h o m e at en d of sc h e d u le y e a r ----------------N u m b e r of fa m ilies liv in g in — 72 1-fam ily d eta ch ed h o u se — --------------------0 1-fam ily se m id e ta ch ed or row h o u se-------47 2-fam ily h o u se --------------------------------------------0 M u ltip le d w ellin g (3 -fam ily or m o r e )-----0 D w e llin g w ith e lev a to r . . . . ------- --- - 0 D w e llin g w ith j an itor se r v ic e . . . ----------N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g — 108 B a th ro o m in d w ellin g u n it _ . _ 114 T o ilet: In sid e f l u s h ________________ ____ 0 O u tsid e flu sh _________________ 5 O ther ty p e ______________________ __ 110 Sole u se of to ile t b y h o u seh o ld ------- . . . _ 115 W ater: In sid e d w e llin g . _ _ ----------------115 R u n n in g ------------------------- . . . 103 H o t r u n n in g . __ ------------------0 N o t r u n n in g . _-------------------------4 O u tsid e d w e llin g o n ly . . . . . . . . 119 S in k ________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 119 E le c tr ic lig h ts . _ . . . . . . ---------------- - -- 117 G as or e lec tric ity for cook in g ---------------20 R efrigerator: E le c tr ic -------------------------------2 O ther m ech an ical . . . _ . . 81 Ice o n ly ____ _______ _______ 16 N o n e . ---------------------- . . . 107 H o t air, h o t w ater, or stea m h e a t. . . _ 46 T e le p h o n e___ __ . -------------- --- ------------70 G a r a g e .------------------- -----------------------------79 G a rd en sp a ce____________________ ________ 94 P la y sp a ce------------------ -----------------E a ch of th e follow in g item s: In sid e flu sh to ilet, ru n n in g h o t w ater, electric ligh t, an d gas or e lectricity 101 for coo k in g____ __________ ________ -N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 382. 243 25 $16. 21 57 $22.39 89 $22. 64 49 $25. 86 $26. 97 68 $27. 64 11 0 12 2 0 1 16 25 0 0 24 25 25 14 0 0 25 24 25 1 0 15 9 11 0 5 7 18 23 0 26 8 0 4 51 56 0 1 54 57 57 38 0 0 57 57 57 3 0 47 7 42 10 13 25 41 28 3 52 6 0 2 77 86 0 3 78 87 87 72 0 2 88 89 86 12 1 65 11 69 20 39 38 58 9 3 33 4 0 3 47 49 0 0 49 49 48 39 1 0 49 49 49 3 1 39 6 42 16 21 16 29 9 2 21 7 1 4 38 39 0 0 36 39 37 34 2 0 3$ 39 39 12 0 24 3 33 13 13 15 22 7 4 39 18 0 12 62 68 0 0 64 68 68 60 0 0 67 67 68 38 1 24 5 57 38 47 22 33 11 17 10 0 7 0 0 0 14 15 0 2 16 16 16 13 0 1 17 17 17 0 0 13 4 13 2 5 15 15 38 22 15 0 7 0 0 0 18 20 0 2 21 20 20 16 0 2 22 22 22 1 0 17 4 18 8 17 15 18 70 27 15 0 12 0 0 0 25 27 0 0 27 27 27 25 0 0 27 27 26 3 1 19 4 25 7 15 16 21 39 17 11 0 6 0 0 0 15 17 0 0 16 17 17 15 0 0 17 17 16 3 0 13 1 16 8 10 12 12 33 17 11 0 6 0 0 0 17 16 0 1 15 17 17 16 0 0 17 17 17 4 1 10 2 17 11 11 9 14 58 19 10 0 9 0 0 0 19 19 0 0 15 18 18 18 0 1 19 19 19 9 0 9 1 18 10 12 12 14 13 16 25 14 16 17 39 244 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level C I N C I N N A T I . O H IO — W H IT E F A M I L IE S Item H o u s in g E x p e n d itu r es A ll fam ilies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per e x p e n d i tu re u n it per year U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 an d $300 $400 $500 $700 $600 over 88 352 31 72 I. A ll fam ilies in su r v e y 1 ________ ______ __ __ 55 42 64 A v . no. of persons in eco n om ic fa m ily _____ 5. 45 4.01 3.28 3. 37 2.93 2.82 2.50 5.52 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u seh o ld ____ 4.14 3.45 3. 00 3. 51 3. 01 2. 65 N u m b e r of fam ilies in v e stin g in: 9 52 3 P rin cip a l h o m e . __________ _____________ 15 6 12 7 0 0 V a ca tio n h o m e ______________ _ _ _______ 0 0 0 0 0 N o .o f fam . h a v in g current exp en d itu re for— O w n ed p rin cip al hom e: 22 6 19 T a x e s______________________ ______ __ __ 90 13 11 19 5 0 2 2 14 A sse ssm e n ts-__ ________________ _ __ __ 0 5 4 7 6 R ep airs an d rep la c em e n ts_______________ 35 7 3 8 13 6 14 48 3 4 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e ________________ 8 0 0 1 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e ______ __ 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 G round ren t _ _ _ ____ ______ _ __________ 0 0 0 4 12 15 In terest on m o rtg a g es.- _ ___ _ _ _ _ 7 56 8 10 0 0 2 R efin a n cin g ch arges________ __ ___ __ 1 1 0 0 R e n te d p rin cip al hom e: 262 66 R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _ _ __ 25 53 42 31 45 7 R ep airs b y te n a n t. _ _____________ ___ _ 0 5 17 3 0 2 S econ d a ry h ousing: 0 0 O w n ed va ca tio n h o m e ______ _ ________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 R e n t on v a ca tio n or tr ip s________ 0 3 1 2 7 0 1 0 R e n t at sch o o l_______________________ ___ 0 0 0 1 A v . a m t. in v ested d u rin g sch ed . yr. in ow n ed : P rin c ip a l h o m e, total __ _________ $38. 82 $24. 06 $82. 72 $13. 83 $13.68 $36.80 $53. 87 P a y . on prin. of m tg . an d d o w n p a y ____ 31. 73 17. 44 74. 73 13.26 13.68 36.80 27. 85 .57 7.09 6. 62 Im p r o v e m en ts on h o m e ________ ______ __ 7. 99 0 0 26.02 0 V a ca tio n h o m e _______ . _____ _ ___ 0 0 0 0 0 0 A verage current ex p en d itu re for— O w n ed p rin cip al h o m e, t o t a l- __ _ __ 61.46 33.74 48. 24 54. 80 47.80 81.87 97.20 T a x e s_______ ______________ ____________ _ 16.74 10.31 15. 22 16. 41 14. 37 15.80 24.64 1.72 2.98 .21 1.76 A sse ssm e n ts________________ _______ __ __ 0 0 12. 27 4.05 R ep airs and r ep la cem en ts____________ _ 12.86 6. 62 15.64 28.64 23. 77 5.27 2.31 .64 F ire in su ran ce on h o m e_______ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.70 2.90 1.28 2.24 1.98 0 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e ______ __ 0 .47 0 2.29 0 0 G rou n d r e n t ___ ________________ ________ .28 0 0 .0 7 0 0 0 15.11 21.59 30.03 15.25 36.15 34.28 In terest on m o rtgag es_____ ___________ _ 26.18 0 .14 R efin a n cin g ch arges_____________ _ __ .18 0 .76 0 0 R e n te d p rin cip al h o m e, t o t a l.. _ _ _ _ _ _ 176.09 140.00 163. 49 158. 45 192.36 190. 40 208.63 R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _ _ _ _ 175. 75 140.00 163. 27 157.81 191.87 190. 40 208.32 .64 .34 .2 2 R ep airs b y te n a n t__________________ ___ .49 0 0 .31 S eco n d a ry h o u sin g, to ta l________________ __ 0 .39 .91 .36 6. 79 1.50 0 O w n ed va ca tio n h o m e .__ ___ _ _________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R e n t on va cation or trip s_________ _ _ 1.04 0 .91 .39 0 .36 4.25 R e n t at sch oo l___________ ____________ 0 .46 0 0 0 0 2.54 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it. _ _ 4.12 4.11 4. 07 4. 52 4.03 3.93 3.98 N o . of fam . liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 r o o m s ..- _______ ____________ 131 10 37 37 13 20 14 21 4 roo m s____________________ _____________ _ 109 18 10 13 20 27 5 r o o m s ___ _____ ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49 8 9 8 6 10 8 6 ro o m s___________ ___ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 43 12 1 15 3 3 9 7 room s or m o re______________ _________ 2 6 20 2 2 2 6 II. F a m ilies w h o o w n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e 90 6 19 22 f o r l 2 m o n t h s ___________ ___________ ___ 13 11 19 A v . no. of persons in eco n om ic fa m ily ____ 4.64 3. 71 3.77 6. 57 3. 23 3.09 2.84 A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u seh o ld ___ 3.98 6.90 5.00 3.98 3. 37 2.98 3.13 N u m b e r of fam ilies w h o in v este d d u rin g th e sch ed u le yea r in o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e 50 3 13 9 6 7 12 A v. am t. in v ested d u rin g sch ed . year, to tal. $129.11 $107. 62 $160. 35 $55. 29 r $65.22 $140. 50 $227. 22 P a y . on prin. of m tg . an d d o w n p a y _____ 93.39 90.09 130. 09 53.02 65. 23 140. 50 96.46 Im p ro v em en ts on h o m e _____ _______ __ 35.72 17.53 30.26 2.27 0 0 130. 76 A verage current h o u sin g ex p en d itu res on o w n ed prin cip al h o m e, t o t a l._ _________ 238.04 174. 35 171. 79 219. 28 202. 21 312. 59 327.43 T a x e s_______________ ____________ __ __ ___ 65.46 53.28 57.69 65. 66 60. 81 60.31 82.99 A ssessm en ts ___ __ _ _______ __ ______ 11.66 0 .81 6. 89 7. 45 0 41.33 R ep airs an d r ep la c em e n ts______ __ ______ 50.12 34.22 19.18 16. 20 66.15 109.36 80.08 F ire in su ran ce on h o m e_______ ____________ 7.45 8.78 9. 59 9. 25 2.69 4.88 7.56 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e__________ __ 1.83 0 0 8.66 0 0 0 G round ren t__________________ ___________ .28 0 0 1.14 0 0 0 In terest on m o r tg a g e s ______________________ 101.15 78.07 75.86 120.14 64. 51 138.04 115.47 R efin a n cin g charges ___________________ _ _ .09 0 0 0 .60 0 0 1 T h e to ta l n u m b er of fam ilies su rv ey ed in clu d es th o se in each of th e 4 su b grou p s sh o w n in th is tab le (i. e ., h o m e ow ners, h ou se ren ters, ap artm en t renters w ith h eat in clu d ed in ren t, an d ap artm en t renters w ith h ea t n o t in clu d ed in ren t), an d also fam ilies w h o ch an ged th eir h o u sin g sta tu s d u rin g th e year for w h o m no sep arate su b grou p is sh o w n . N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 382. 245 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 1 0 .— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed Ite m A ll fam i lies H o u s in g E x p e n d itu r e s— C o n tin u ed II. F a m ilies w h o o w n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e for 12 m o n th s— C on tin u ed . A verage estim a ted a n n u a l ren tal v a lu e ______ $451.00 A verage im p u ted in com e from e q u ity in o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e________ _____________ 213.00 5. 56 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n it. __ N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin gs w ith — 4 L ess th an 4 ro o m s. _ _____ ___ _______ _ 19 4 r o o m s ----- ---------------------------------------- . 21 5 roo m s_______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ___ -----31 6 roo m s____ _____________________ __ ___ _. 15 7 room s or m o r e .__ . __ __ ___ ___ -----39 I II . F a m ilies w h o ren ted h ou se for 12 m o n th s.. A verage n u m b er of persons in econ om ic 3.95 fa m ily __________________ _________ __ ___ 4.19 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u s e h o ld ----A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h o m e, t o ta l.. _____________ _ __________ $276.87 276.58 R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _ _ ____ .29 R ep airs b y ten a n t _ . _ _ _ _________ 23. 35 A verage m o n th ly ren tal rate____ _______ _ 4. 79 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n it- _ N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin gs w ith — 8 L ess th a n 4 r o o m s. _ __ _ ____ _ _ 8 4 room s ______ _ _ _ . __ _______ __ 13 5 room s __ ___ ._ __ __ _ __ _ _____ 7 6 r o o m s ___________ _______ _ . _ ___ 3 7 room s or m o r e ________ _______ I V . F a m ilies w h o ren ted a p artm en t for 12 66 m o n th s w ith h eat in clu d ed in rent _ _ A verage n u m b er of p ersons in eco n om ic 2. 82 fa m ily _ ___ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ . 2.86 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld ___ A vera g e exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _____ $283. 25 282. 87 R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _ _ .38 R ep airs b y t e n a n t.__ ______ _____ ______ 23. 99 A verage m o n th ly ren tal r a t e ___ _______ __ 3. 26 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n it._ _ N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin gs w ith — 39 L ess th a n 4 ro o m s______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 4 r o o m s ___ __ _. _ __ ________ _ __ 5 r o o m s._ _ __ _ ______________ __ ______ 7 0 6 roo m s____ __ _______ __ _ _ ___ ____ 0 7 room s or m o r e . ______ _ ___ _ __ _ V . F a m ilies w h o ren ted a p artm en t for 12 154 m o n th s w ith h eat n o t in clu d ed in r e n t ... A v era g e n u m b er of persons in econ om ic 3.20 fa m ily _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______ 3.31 A vera g e n u m b er of persons in h o u seh o ld ____ A verage ex p en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l. __ __ ______ _ _. _____ $206. 91 206. 38 R e n t (gross ren t less c o n cessio n s)________ .53 R ep airs b y te n a n t, ________________________ 17.19 A verage m o n th ly ren tal ra te_________________ A v era g e n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u r it_ _ _ 3.44 N o . o f fam . liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 room s ___ __ __ 81 59 4 room s _ _________ ____ __ __ __ __ 5 r o o m s .__ ____ __ _•___ ________ __ ___ 10 3 6 room s _ _ ___ ________ __ _ _ . 1 7 room s or m o r e . __ ___ _ _________ _ __. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 382. E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p e n d i tu re u n it per year $700 an d over U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $300 $400 $600 $500 $700 $382.00 $457.00 $450.00 $432.00 $437.00 $489.00 207.00 285.00 231.00 230.00 125.00 162.00 5. 32 5. 33 5. 91 4.85 5.27 6.11 2 3 4 9 1 7 4. 57 4. 71 0 1 3 1 1 6 5.88 5.88 1 2 5 10 4 11 3.80 4.09 0 7 2 3 1 9 3. 55 3.94 1 2 4 2 2 1 2.27 3.00 0 4 3 6 6 5 2.20 2.44 $194. 50 $263. 57 $271.36 $300. 59 $240.00 $371.10 194. 50 263.14 271.36 299. 67 240.00 371.10 .43 0 .92 0 0 0 17.08 21.93 23.18 24.89 20.00 31. 10 4.29 4.33 5.00 5.11 5.00 5.00 1 2 3 0 0 1 4.00 4.00 3 1 1 2 0 12 3.29 3.29 3 2 0 4 2 12 3.00 3.00 1 2 5 0 1 13 2.84 2.97 0 0 1 0 0 13 2.49 2.63 0 1 3 1 0 15 2.49 2. 46 $300.00 $257.08 $251.12 $293. 40 $260. 31 $339.87 300.00 257.08 249.00 293. 40 260. 31 339. 87 0 0 2.12 0 0 0 25.00 21.31 20. 75 24. 43 21.62 : 30.33 2.83 5.00 3.25 3.23 3. 31 3.47 0i 0i 1 0i ci 181 5. 01 5.04 10| 1 1 0I 0I 32! 3.64 3.72! 7 3 2’ CiCl 431 3.01 3.1Ci 8 4 1 0■ 0' 20i 2.52! 2.53 7 6 Ci CI 17 2.93i 3.07r i c 1 7 6 2 0 0 24 2.34 2.58 $159. 61 $203. 32[ $184.77' $203.01 $257. 24i $254.45 159. 61 202.94[ 184.0Ei 202.08 i 257.24 [ 253.62 0 . 3£1 .93l .72> 0 .83 13. 25i 16.77' 15.22J 17.1C1 2 1 .6£) 21.15 3. 44\ 3.34 [ 3.21 L 3 .3£» 3.82 l 3.75 c) 1) 2f) 22> 12! 7 7r 7r 14[ 6i 1() 15 ] ! ]L 25 25 2 2 C) ]L ]L C> 1L 0 ]L () () C> () 0 246 BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S Item H o u sin g A ll fam i lies E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per yea r U n d er $300 to $400 an d $300 $400 over E x p e n d itu r es 1. A ll fam ilies in su r v e y 1 __ ______ __ _______ ________ 100 36 26 38 A verage n u m b er of persons in eco n om ic fa m ily ____ 3.37 4.65 3. 25 2.24 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u seh old _________ 3.46 4.73 3.32 2.35 N u m b e r o f fam ilies in v e stin g in: P rin cip a l h o m e ____ 4 2 0 2 V acation h om e ___ 0 0 0 0 N u m b e r of fam ilies h a v in g cu rren t exp en d itu re for: O w n ed p rin cip al hom e: Taxes__ _________________ ___________ __ ____ 10 3 0 7 A s s e s s m e n ts _____________________ _______ __ 1 1 0 0 R ep airs an d r ep la c em e n ts__________________________ 7 1 0 6 F ire in su ran ce on h o m e___________ . _ ___________ 4 1 0 3 L ia b ility in su ran ce on h o m e _ _ _ ___________ ___ 2 0 0 2 G rou n d r e n t. ___________________ _ ____________ __ 0 0 0 0 In terest on m ortgag es_________ ____________________ 4 2 0 2 R efin a n cin g ch arges__________ _____________________ 0 0 0 0 R e n te d p rin cip al hom e: R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _ _______________ 90 33 26 31 R ep airs b y te n a n t___________________________________ 3 1 2 0 S econ d a ry housing: O w n ed v a ca tio n h o m e ____________________________ 0 0 0 0 R e n t on v a ca tio n or trip s __ _________ ___________ 0 0 0 0 R e n t a t s c h o o l____ __ ___________ ____________ 1 0 0 1 A v . a m t. in v este d d u rin g sch ed u le yea r in ow n ed : $2. 60 P rin cip a l h o m e, to ta l ___________________________ _ $5.02 $0.00 $2.07 P a y m e n t o n p rin cip al of m ortgage an d d o w n p a y m e n t__________________________________________ 1.90 3.08 0 2.07 Im p r o v e m en ts on h o m e __________________________ 1.94 .70 0 0 V a ca tio n h o m e ______________________________________ 0 0 0 0 A verage current ex p en d itu re for: O w n ed p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l, __ - ___ ____________ 9. 63 3.10 0 22. 41 .............. .................... .. __ ______________ T a x es 3. 37 1.28 0 7. 66 .02 A ssessm en t ____________________________ _________ .01 0 0 R ep airs an d r ep la c em e n ts_____________ _________ 1.94 .28 0 4.84 F ire in su ran ce on h o m e______________ ___________ .07 .28 0 .68 L ia b ility in su ran ce on h o m e ________ _____ __ _ _ .91 0 0 2. 39 G round r en t________________________ _____ __ _ 0 0 0 0 . 1.45 3.12 In te re st on m ortgages_______________________________ 0 6.84 R efin a n cin g ch arges____________ ________ ______ 0 0 0 0 R e n te d p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l___________________ __ 161. 04 149. 30 175.10 162. 53 R e n t (gross ren t less c o n c e ssio n s)________ __ _ _ 160. 70 149. 22 173.92 162. 53 R ep airs b y te n a n t____________ _______ _____________ .34 .08 1.18 0 S e co n d a ry h o u sin g, to ta l ................... ........... ........ .90 0 0 2. 36 O w n ed v a ca tio n h o m e _____________________________ 0 0 0 0 R e n t on v a cation or trip s_________________ _ ___ _ 0 0 0 0 R e n t a t sch o o l. . _ ___ ___ _____________ ___ __ .90 0 0 2. 36 3. 64 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it _____ _ 3. 56 3.46 3.84 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith : L ess th a n 4 ro o m s_____________ ____________ ___ ___ 53 18 17 18 25 11 4 roo m s____ __ _____________________________ _________ 6 8 13 5 5 roo m s________________________________________________ 1 7 7 2 1 6 roo m s_________________________________________________ 4 2 7 room s or m o r e .............................................................................. 0 1 1 II. F a m ilie s w h o ow n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e for 12 10 3 0 m o n th s 2 ............................................................................................... 7 20 8 4 Ill* F a m ilie s w h o ren ted h o u se for 12 m o n th s 2______ 8 3. 65 A verage n u m b er of persons in eco n om ic fa m ily ______ 5.53 2.94 2.12 3.76 A vera g e n u m b er of persons in h o u seh o ld ______________ 5.53 2.94 2.40 A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h om e, $212. 22 to ta l . .................................................................................... $205. 50 $197.12 $226. 50 205. 50 R e n t (gross ren t less c o n cessio n s)____________________ 210.90 190.50 226.50 1.32 R ep airs b y te n a n t_____________________________________ 0 6. 62 0 A verage m o n th ly ren ta l rate___________________________ 17.12 17.78 16.88 18.88 A vera g e n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it _________ 4. 25 4.40 4. 25 4. 62 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 r o o m s _____________________ _____ 1 3 1 1 4 room s _______________ _ ___ _______ _____ _ _ . 10 4 2 4 4 5 room s________________________________________________ 3 0 1 2 6 room s _ _______________ ___________________ ______ __ 0 1 1 7 room s or m o r e ._____ _____________ _____________ 1 0 0 1 1 T h e to ta l n u m b er of fam ilies su rv ey ed in clu d es th ose in each of th e 4 su b g rou p s sh o w n in th is tab le (i. e. h o m e ow n ers, h o u se ren ters, a p a rtm en t ren ters w ith h ea t in clu d ed in ren t, an d a p a rtm en t ren ters w ith h eat n o t in clu d ed in ren t) an d also fam ilies w h o ch an ged th eir h o u sin g sta tu s d u rin g th e year for w h o m no sep arate su b grou p is sh o w n . 2 D e ta ile d in form ation n o t p resen ted b ecau se of sm a ll n u m b er of fa m ilie s in th e c la ssific a tio n . N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 382. 247 TABULAE SUMMARY T a ble 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S -C o n t in u e d Ite m H o u s i n g E x p e n d i t u r e s — C on tin u ed IV . F a m ilies w h o ren ted ap artm en t for 12 m o n th s w ith h eat in clu d ed in r e n t 2 __________ _____________ V . F a m ilie s w h o ren ted a p a rtm en t for 12 m o n th s w ith h eat n o t in clu d ed in r e n t. ___________________ ______ A verage n u m b er of persons in eco n om ic fa m ily ______ A verage n u m b er of persons in h ou seh old _________ A verage ex p en d itu re for ren ted prin cip al h om e, to ta l ____________ _________ ______ . ___ __ . R e n t (gross ren t less c o n c e ssio n s)____________________ R ep airs b y te n a n t_______________ ____________ A verage m o n th ly ren tal rate _______ __ __ ____ A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it _______ N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 ro o m s_______ ________ ______ __ 4 ro o m s. _______ _____________ •_ _ -------------5 room s __ . . . __ _ __ __ . . . ____________ 6 r o o m s ________________ __ ______ _ _ _______ _____ 7 room s or m o re_____ _______________________________ E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year A ll fam i lies U n d er $300 $300 to $400 1 4 66 3.31 3.37 24 4. 26 4. 34 $162.05 161. 94 . 11 13. 56 3. 33 48 11 5 $147. 95 147.83 . 12 12. 44 3.04 17 6 1 1 1 0 0 $400 an d over 0 22 3. 31 3. 40 3 20 2.20 2.20 $171.10 170.91 .19 14. 37 3. 77 16 4 $169.00 169.00 0 14.02 3.20 15 1 1 0 1 2Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in the classification. Notes on this table are in appendix A p. 382. 5 3 4 8 5 ° — 40- T7 3 1 0 BAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 248 T able 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level- -Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L IE S Ite m H o u s in g fam i lies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year $400 $500 $600 $700 I $800 U n d er $300 to to to to to an d $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 over E x p e n d itu r e s 82 490 35 106 83 66 44 74 I. A ll fam ilies in s u r v e y l - --------------------- -5. 50 4. 50 3.74 3. 21 2.79 2. 70 2.29 3.46 A v . n o . of p erson s in eco n om ic fa m ily .__ 3.64 5. 57 4. 57 3.87 3.53 3.0 2 2.97 2.44 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld . _ N u m b e r of fam ilies in v e stin g in: 72 6 10 20 13 9 P rin cip a l h o m e ------------------------------ - - - 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V a ca tio n h o m e . _ _____________ . ------N o . of fam . h a v in g cur. exp en d , for— O w n ed p rin cip al hom e: 140 28 31 16 25 14 17 9 T a x e s_____________________________________ 1 6 1 1 0 2 1 A sse ssm e n ts---------------------------- ----------0 15 14 78 9 15 9 12 R ep airs an d rep la c em e n ts--------------4 14 19 12 68 8 7 5 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e______ _ 3 0 0 0 0 0 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e - .- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G round r e n t________ _______ __ - -0 22 14 26 108 12 15 In terest on m o rtgag es---------------------------12 7 11 1 4 3 3 0 R efin a n cin g ch arges-----------------------------0 0 R e n te d p rin cip al hom e: 352 55 R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _ 19 76 58 49 30 65 44 4 1 6 10 7 6 R ep airs b y ten a n t - _ _______ - - - - - 10 S eco n d a ry h ousing: 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 O w n ed v a c a tio n h o m e ------- --------------1 0 6 R e n t on v a c a tio n or tr ip s________ __ 28 0 1 5 2 14 0 0 1 0 0 1 R e n t a t sch o o l- __ ---------------- -- - -0 0 A v . a m t. in v este d d u rin g sch ed . yr. in ow n ed : P rin cip a l h om e, to ta l_______ . $21.18 $12. 57 $15. 57 $32. 96 $13. 89 $20. 08 $30.19 $18.41 P y m t. on prin. ofm o rt. an d d o w n p y m t. 20.04 12. 57 13.13 30.29 13.58 19. 32 30.19 18. 40 2. 44 2. 67 Im p r o v e m en ts on h o m e_____________ __ 1.14 0 .31 .76 0 .01 0 0 0 0 0 0 V a ca tio n h o m e--------------------------------------0 0 A v erage cu rren t exp en d itu re for— O w n ed p rin cip al h o m e, t o t a l ___________ 60. 33 67.26 62.03 58.12 63. 91 62. 39 76. 27 42. 96 - - - — -------------- 18.42 20.89 22.07 17. 54 18. 64 18. 73 25. 52 9.70 T a x e s— ______ .0 2 .04 .46 0 1.34 1. 46 A sse ssm e n ts______ - - ----------.23 0 R ep airs an d r ep la cem en ts-------------------- 13.02 12.80 8.69 11. 74 14. 64 16. 22 11. 00 16. 26 2. 22 2. 61 1.76 2.06 1.96 1. 45 1. 66 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e - - -------------.5 4 0 0 0 0 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e ---------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G ro u n d r e n t_________ - __ - ------0 0 25. 46 29. 73 27. 34 26.10 23.18 24. 53 37. 86 16. 46 In terest on m ortgages - --------- _ _ _ 1.21 1.23 1. 69 .64 R efin a n cin g charges — ------------ ___ 4.15 0 0 0 R e n te d p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l _ __ _ _ 195. 47 122. 77 162.83 174. 03 186. 69 216. 78 209. 81 279.10 R e n t (gross ren t less c o n c e ssio n s)_____ 194. 79 122. 74 162. 72 173. 23 186. 27 215. 69 208. 90 277.83 .6 8 .0 3 .11 .8 0 .4 2 1. 09 R ep airs b y te n a n t- -------------- - - .91 1. 27 1. 41 0 0 .3 4 S econ d a ry h o u sin g , to ta l----- --- . .1 6 2. 08 .8 0 6. 36 .0 3 0 0 .0 5 O w n ed v a c a tio n h o m e . -----------------0 0 0 .1 4 1. 22 0 0 .2 9 R e n t on v a c a tio n or trip s_______ - - - . 16 .85 .8 0 6. 22 . 16 0 0 0 0 1. 23 0 R e n t a t sch o o l- _______________ _______ 0 5.19 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n it5. 43 5. 36 5.17 5. 35 5.08 5. 32 4. 77 N o . of fam . liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — 39 4 5 4 4 L ess th a n 4 roo m s___ __ - _ _ ________ _ . 7 3 12 21 98 4 29 15 9 4 r o o m s -------------------------------------------8 12 166 10 19 36 29 5 room s ___ - _ _ - ___ - -- -----------29 13 30 121 22 9 25 21 14 6 r o o m s.- _ _ ----------- ----------- -----13 17 66 15 12 7 room s or m ore___ — ____________ _ 8 14 7 7 3 II. F a m ilies w h o ow n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e for 12 m o n th s. - - _______ __ 138 16 27 30 25 17 14 9 A v erage n u m b er of person s in eco n om ic fa m ily ______________ ______ __ 3. 77 5. 51 4.74 3.90 3. 26 2. 60 2.70 2.78 5. 61 4.81 4.14 3. 74 2. 90 3.12 3.26 A v erage n u m b er of persons in h o u seh old 4.06 N u m b e r of fam ilies w h o in v este d d uring 69 6 10 th e sch ed . yr. in ow n ed p rin cip al h o m e 13 17 9 8 6 A verage a m o u n t in v e ste d d u rin g sch ed u le $69. 00 $27. 49 $52. 07 $79. 07 $51. 52 $77. 94 $94.89 $151. 40 yea r, to ta l____ __ ____— _ P y m t. on p rin . of m ort. an d d o w n p y m t_ 63. 47 27. 49 44.66 62. 86 50.49 75.00 94.89 151. 29 Im p r o v e m en ts on h o m e _______________ - 5. 53 0 7. 41 16. 21 1.03 2.94 0 .11 A verage cu rren t h o u sin g exp en d itu res on o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l___________ 208.81 147.14 183. 01 192.06 204.16 242, 25 239. 72 353.29 63. 98 45. 69 64. 22 58. 01 61.87 72. 72 80. 22 79. 77 T a x e s_________ - __________— ___ 1. 62 A sse ssm e n ts__________ _________________ 0 .0 6 .13 4.45 5. 69 .71 0 R ep airs an d r ep la c em e n ts___________ _ - _ 45. 69 28. 01 26. 38 39.06 48.60 62.97 34. 58 133.67 6.13 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e . - - - - - - - 5. 71 6. 76 6.69 6. 51 5. 63 5. 21 4. 47 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e _______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G rou n d r e n t______ - - -------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In te re st on m o rtgag es_____________________ 88.70 65. 03 80.45 86.65 76. 96 95. 24 119. 00 135.38 R efin a n cin g ch arges_____________ _ - _ .. 2. 69 2.70 5.14 1. 52 5. 77 0 0 0 i T h e to ta l n u m b er of fam ilies su r v e y ed in c lu d e s th ose in each of th e 4 su b g rou p s sh o w n in th is ta b le (i. e ., h o m e ow n ers, h o u se ren ters, a p artm en t ren ters w ith h eat in clu d ed in ren t, an d a p a rtm en t ren ters w ith h eat n o t in c lu d e d in ren t) an d also fam ilies w h o ch an g ed th eir h o u sin g sta tu s d u rin g th e yea r for w h o m no sep ara te su b g rou p is sh o w n . N o te s o n th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 382. TABULAR SUMMARY 249 T a ble 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed Ite m A ll fam i lies H o u s i n g E x p e n d i t u r e s — C o n tin u ed I I . F am ilies w h o o w n ed th eir p rin cip al ho m e for 12 m o n th s— C o n tin u e d . A verage estim a ted a n n u a l ren ta l v a lu e ----- $366.00 A verage im p u ted in co m e from e q u ity in o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e _____ _____ __ 157.00 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it. 5. 93 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin gs w ith — 1 L ess th a n 4 roo m s-------- _ __ _ _ -------- --9 ----------4 room s_____________ __ _ 37 5 room s _ ______ _ ___ __ - _ _ _ _____ 52 -----------------------6 room s _ ____ _ 39 7 room s orm ore_ _ __________ _______ _ II I . F a m ilies w h o ren ted h o u se for 12 m o s . - _ 86 A verage n u m b er of persons in econ om ic 3. 69 fa m ily ________ _ _ _ ______ __ A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld . _ _ 3.91 A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rincipal $304. 39 h o m e, to ta l. _ _______________ R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _____ 302.97 1.42 R epairs b y te n a n t___ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ A verage m o n th ly ren ta l ra te_______________ 25. 54 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it. 5.97 N u m b er of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — 4 L ess th a n 4 roo m s_____ _______ ___________ 6 4 room s ___ __ _ ___ _________ ______ __ 22 5 roo m s_________________ __ __ __ _ _ __ 36 6 room s __________________ _ _ --------18 7 room s or m ore___________ __ __ _ IV . F a m ilies w h o ren ted ap artm en t for 12 m o n th s w ith h eat in clu d ed in ren t_____ 45 A verage n u m b er of p ersons in econ om ic 2. 72 fam ily ___ _________ ____________ _ _ . A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld ._ 2. 82 E co n o m ic le v e l— F am ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $300 to $300 $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 to $800 $800 an d over $270. 00 $363.00 $342. 00 $361.00 $401.00 $440.00 $453.00 123.00 180.00 150.00 157.00 158.00 200.00 100.00 5. 56 6. 22 5.87 6.00 5.65 6.14 6.00 1 1 6 3 5 9 6.48 6. 62 0 2 4 13 8 12 4. 96 5.04 0 4 7 11 8 10 3. 55 3. 61 0 1 7 9 8 15 3. 67 4. 20 0 1 7 6 3 14 3. 37 3. 51 0 0 3 6 5 14 2. 57 2.79 0 0 3 4 2 12 2.10 2. 33 $269.44 $289.13 $249. 55 $336. 75 $335.19 $288. 67 $333.48 269.33 288.96 245. 90 335.93 334. 71 287. 57 329.48 .11 .82 .17 3. 65 .48 1.10 4.0 0 22. 44 24. 92 20. 70 28. 53 28.18 23.96 27. 53 6. 33 6.08 5. 50 6. 20 5. 71 5. 29 5.33 0 0 2 4 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 5 4 5 3.78 3. 80 0 1 6 2 1 4 4. 75 4. 80 1 0 1 8 5 5 2. 37 2. 55 1 0 5 5 3 8 2.63 2. 61 1 3 3 6 1 4 3.01 3. 35 1 0 4 6 1 19 2.08 2.17 A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h o m e, total__ _______ _____ $335. 51 $300. 60 $348. 00 $246. 12 $303. 88 $425. 42 $359. 98 R e n t (gross ren t less c o n c e ssio n s)______ 334.47 300. 60 348. 00 242. 60 303. 88 425.00 358. 53 1.04 3. 52 0 .42 1. 45 0 0 R ep airs b y te n a n t______ _______ __ A verage m o n th ly ren tal r a te. __ ______ 28. 01 25. 60 29.88 20. 00 25. 69 35. 62 29. 75 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n it. 3. 93 4. 20 5. 00 3. 80 3.50 4.75 3.68 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin gs w ith — 1 1 2 9 L ess th a n 4 roo m s. _ _ __ _______ __ 0 4 17 1 4 room s _ _ _ _ _ _ ______________________ 16 3 2 2 3 5 1 1 1 1 9 5 5 room s _ __ _ _________ __ __ _ 0 1 1 6 roo m s_________ __ _ _ _ _______ _ _ 0 0 0 0 0 2 ____________ 7 room s or m ore _ 0 1 0 0 1 O’ V . F am ilies w h o ren ted ap artm en t for 12 214 m o n th s w ith h eat n o t in clu d ed in rent__ 10 35 59 38 26 12 34 A verage n u m b er of persons in econ om ic 3. 31 4.6 0 4. 25 3. 62 3.10 2.68 2. 75 2.35 fa m ily . __ _______ ___________ _______ __ 4. 56 4.35 3.73 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld . _ 3.43 3. 26 2. 91 2.88 2.41 A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l______ __ ________ ______ $250.03 $187. 20 $229. 59 $238.06i $242.45 $270. 76 $290. 69 $288. 60 R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _ _ __ 249. 33 187. 20 229.40 237. 25i 242.32: 268.87 288.79 288.06 R epairs b y te n a n t________________________ .70 .19 .13 . 54 0 .81 1.90 1.89 A verage m o n th ly ren tal r a te ____________ __ 20. 88 15. 60 19. 23 19. 76i 20.41 22. 75 24.62 23.85 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it. 4. 73 4.40 4. 66 4.66 i 4.79' 4.92: 4.58 4.85 N o . of fam . liv in g in d w ellin gs w ith — 4 L ess th a n 4 roo m s___ _______ ______ _ _ 15 3 3 1 1 1 2 22! 66 3 13 4 r o o m s _______ ________ _ _____ 5i 4 12! 7 14 22 20i 16i 5 room s _ _ __ _. ___ _____ __ 98 2 18 6i 4 3i 6room s__ __. ________ __ _ __ _ _ 30 1 3 11 1 7 2! 7 room s or m ore_ _ _ _______ _____ ! 5 1 0 1 1 0i 0 Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 382. EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 250 T a ble 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued COLUMBUS, OHIO—WHITE FAMILIES Item H o u sin g E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp e n d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year A ll fam ilies U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over E x p e n d itu r es I . A ll fam ilies in su r v e y 1__ _________ _ ____ _____ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in eco n om ic fa m ily ___ A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u s e h o ld __ ______ N u m b e r of fam ilies in v estin g in: P rin cip a l h o m e . _ V acation hom e__ N o . of fam ilies h a v in g current exp en d itu re for— O w n ed p rin cip al hom e: T axes __ __ _ _ _ ___ _____ __ A sse ssm e n ts. __ _ _______ R ep airs an d rep lacem en ts __ __ . ______ __ F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e . __ _ _ _____ L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e . _ _ __ _ G round ren t . __ . . . . ______ In terest on m o r tg a g e s____ ___ _ _____ __ R efin a n cin g charges _____ _________ ____ R e n te d p rin cip al hom e: R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) ___ ____ R ep airs b y ten a n t _______ _ _________ S econ d a ry housing: O w n ed v a cation h o m e _____ _ ________ __ R e n t on v a cation or tr ip s. ________ _ _______ R e n t a t school __________ ________ _____ __ __ P rin cip a l h o m e, to ta l. ______ _ . _ _ _ _ _ P a y m e n t on prin. of m ort. an d d o w n p a y m t.. Im p r o v e m en ts on h o m e _ ______ . . . ______ __ V acation h o m e _. . _______ __________ ____ A verage current exp en d itu re for— O w n ed prin cip al h o m e, total _ _ _ _______ T axes _ _ _____________ _______________ A sse ssm e n t.. . . __ _______ ____ __ ______ __ R ep airs an d rep lacem en ts _ ______ ________ F ire in su ran ce on h o m e . _________________ _____ L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e _____ ______________ G rou n d ren t _ ___________ . ______________ . In te re st on m o r tg a g e s _________ _______ . . . ______ R efin a n cin g charges . . . ___________ . . . R e n te d p rincipal h o m e, total _ _______ ______ . R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _ _______ __ R ep airs b y te n a n t. _ ____ ____ __ . . _______ S eco n d a ry h o u sin g, to ta l. __ _ _______ __ __ _ _ O w n ed va ca tio n h o m e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ R e n t on va cation or trip s _ _ __ R e n t a t school _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 room s __ ___ ___ _ __ ____ 4 room s __ __ _ _ _ ________ ____ __ ___ 5 room s . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ __ ______ __ ______ ___ ____________ __ 6 room s _ _ 7 room s or m ore ____________________ I I . F am ilies w h o o w n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e for 12 m o n th s __ _ _ __________ ______ _______ A v erage n u m b er of p erson s in eco n om ic fa m ily ___ A verage n u m b er of p ersons in h o u se h o ld ____________ N u m b e r of fam ilies w h o in v este d d u rin g th e sch ed u le y ea r in o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e _______ A v . a m t. in v este d d uring sch ed u le year, to ta l ____ P a y m e n t on prin. of m ort. an d d o w n p a y m t.. Im p r o v e m en ts on h o m e . __ _ __ __ ________ A verage cu rren t h o u sin g ex p en d itu res on ow n ed . _ p rin cip al h o m e, t o t a l _____ ______________ T a x e s _____ __ ______ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ A sse ssm e n ts. ______ __ __ __________ __ ___________ R ep airs an d rep la cem en ts ____ _____ _ _______ F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e __ __ ______ __ _ ____ L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e ____ __ ___ __ __ _ G round r e n t.. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____________ In terest on m o rtgag es____ ______ __ _ __________ R efin a n cin g charges_____ ______ _______ ______ __ 266 3. 33 3.62 55 0 93 29 45 44 0 0 70 15 176 7 0 11 0 $39. 35 33. 35 6. 00 0 66. 44 14.60 3. 02 13. 43 2. 66 0 0 31.43 1. 30 157.11 156. 60 . 51 . 77 0 . 77 0 5. 65 9 32 68 103 54 92 3. 24 3. 61 52 $108. 83 89. 71 17.12 187. 06 41. 55 8. 74 36. 96 7. 46 0 0 88. 71 3.64 48 4.82 5.08 10 0 55 3.72 4.08 9 0 95 3.04 3. 34 23 0 68 2. 34 2.62 13 0 16 4 5 10 0 0 14 4 32 2 0 0 0 18 3 7 8 0 0 14 1 37 15 23 16 0 0 28 8 22 7 10 10 0 0 14 2 37 0 0 2 0 46 3 $23.18 19. 07 4.11 0 46. 30 9.89 .80 8.19 2. 72 0 0 22.80 1.90 122. 47 121. 97 .50 0 0 0 0 5.69 1 9 12 11 15 16 4.93 5.23 10 $28. 53 28.10 . 43 0 55. 02 12. 38 1.92 11. 24 2. 09 0 0 26. 91 .48 148. 70 148. 70 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 5. 77 2 4 16 23 10 19 3.43 3. 93 8 61 2 0 3 0 $48. 52 42. 72 5.80 0 82. 82 16. 49 4.42 16. 69 2. 72 0 0 40. 65 1. 85 160.18 160.15 .03 . 56 0 56 0 5. 61 $69.12 56.78 12. 34 138. 92 29.68 2. 40 24. 58 8.15 0 0 68. 40 5. 71 $78. 09 76. 83 1 . 26 154. 72 35. 83 5. 55 32. 53 6. 04 0 0 73. 38 1. 39 4 12 25 37 17 35 3.02 3.25 21 $116. 12 100. 96 15.16 213. 85 43. 00 11. 99 40. 35 6. 74 0 0 107.10 4. 67 0 6 0 $46. 68 34.58 12.10 0 67. 08 17.08 3. 54 14. 36 3. 02 0 0 28. 29 .79 184. 09 182. 47 1. 62 2. 14 0 2.14 0 5. 74 2 7 15 32 12 22 2. 21 2. 73 13 $144. 28 106.87 37. 41 207.34 52.80 10.95 44.39 9. 33 0 o 87.44 2.43 1The total number of families surveyed includes those in each of the 4 subgroups shown in this table (h e. home owners, house renters, apartment renters with heat included in rent, and apartment renters with heat not included in rent) and also families who changed their housing status during the year for whom no separate subgroup is shown. Notes on this table are in appendix A, p 382. 251 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed Item H o u s i n g E x p e n d i t u r e s — C on tin u ed I I . F a m ilies w h o ow n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e for 12 m o n th s— C o n tin u ed . A verage estim a te d an n u al ren ta l v a lu e _____________ A verage im p u ted in com e from e q u ity in ow n ed p rin cip al h o m e _____________________________________ A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n it-- _ __ N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 roo m s__________ ______ _________ __ 4 ro om s_ _- _ - _______ _____ ___ ________________ __ _ _ __ __ _ 5 ro o m s________ ____________ _ 6 ro o m s__________________ ________ - _______ __ 7 room s or m ore____ _______ _______________ ______ I I I . F am ilies w h o ren ted h ou se for 12 m o n t h s ______ A vera g e n u m b er of p erson s in econ om ic fa m ily . A v e r a g e n u m b er of p ersons in h o u se h o ld ._________ A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al hom e, to ta l_________________ ___ . ________________ R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) ___ ____'_ _ R ep airs b y te n a n t__________________________________ A verage m o n th ly ren tal rate__ _ - _ _ _________ A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n it- ___ . . N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 r o o m s ___ __ ______ _ - _____ 4 r o o m s.- __________________________________________ _ - ____ 5 room s _________ 6 roo m s__________ _ ______________ ___ ___ - ___ 7 room s or m ore__________________ ______ ___________ I V . F am ilies w ho ren ted ap artm en t for 12 m o n th s, w ith h eat in clu d ed in r e n t 2_________ ___ _ __ V . F am ilies w h o ren ted ap artm en t for 12 m o n th s, w ith h eat n o t in clu d ed in r e n t______ ______ __ ___ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in eco n om ic fa m ily ___ A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld ___ _____ A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h om e, to ta l- _ ______ __________ - _ _ _ _ _ _ R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ R ep airs b y ten a n t- ________ ________ A verage m o n th ly ren tal ra te. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g unit__ _ _ _ N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th an 4 room s __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 r o o m s.-. _ _ _ _____ 5 r o o m s ______ ____ ___ 6 room s _______ _____ ________ _ _ _ _ _ 7 room s or m o re____ __ _ ____________________ __ 2 D e ta ile d E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year A ll fam ilies U n d er $300 $312. 00 125. 00 6. $300 to $400 $249. 00 110. 00 05 6.24 0 6 20 0 2 1 6 37 29 113 3.40 3.68 7 22 4. 97 5. 32 $400 to $600 $268. 00 113. 00 6. 04 0 0 7 4 8 22 3. 86 4.18 $232. 59 231. 74 .85 19.28 5. 54 $181. 89 181. 89 15.13 5.59 $210. 21 210. 21 0 17. 93 5. 52 2 0 6 0 1 15 30 51 15 0 5 4 7 7 14 0 2 $600 and over $344. 00 130. 00 5.83 0 $245. 86 245. 79 .07 20. 41 $268. 93 265. 83 3.10 5. 46 5. 62 1 5 19 4 3 16 3.17 3. 45 10 50 3. 30 3. 54 9 4. 52 4. 55 3.78 4. 09 $256. 07 255. 25 . 82 21. 23 5.59 $179.87 177. 22 2. 65 15. 50 5. 34 $268. 44 268. 44 0 21. 95 6. 06 $263. 68 263. 68 1 8 0 1 6 1 1 0 1 1 2 3 4 2 0 21.68 5. 51 5 4 4 in form ation n o t p resen ted b ecau se of sm a ll n u m b er of fam ilies in th is classification . N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 382. 0 0 5 5 30 2. 44 2. 57 1 17 15 9 139. 00 6. 25 4 7 15 9 39 2. 98 3. 33 6 10 $347. 00 12 21.86 1 3 14 4 8 0 15 2. 37 2. 66 $285. 44 284. 29 1. 15 23. 69 5.50 0 4 3 6 2 252 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued D E T R O I T , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L IE S E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per e x p e n d itu r e u n it per year Item fam i lies U n der $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 an d ov er H o u s in g E x p e n d itu r e s 122 100 75 76 124 598 101 I. A ll fam ilies in su r v e y L ________________________ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in eco n o m ic fa m ily ____ 3.66 5.79 4.69 3. 72 3.17 2.86 2. 37 A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld __________ 3. 84 5.94 4. 82 3. 83 3.36 3.05 2.62 N u m b e r o f fam ilies in v e stin g in: P rin cip a l h o m e . 86 10 20 8 20 17 11 V a ca tio n h o m e ... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N o . o f fam ilies h a v in g current ex p en d itu re for— O w n ed p rin cip al hom e: 34 44 29 21 28 T a x e s____________ __________________________ ______ 183 27 1 0 1 1 1 2 6 A ssessm en ts_______________ _____ _________________ 16 12 8 20 14 86 16 R ep airs an d r ep la c em e n ts. ____________________ 8 12 14 15 20 11 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e _____________________ . 80 0 0 0 0 0 0 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e ... ____________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G round ren t______________________________________ 0 23 29 16 20 13 16 In terest on m o rtg a g es___________________________ 117 2 4 5 2 2 2 R efin a n cin g ch arges_____________________________ 17 R e n te d p rin cip al hom e: 82 52 68 79 431 47 103 R e n t (gross ren t less co n cessio n s)______ _____ 6 7 3 9 39 7 7 R ep airs b y te n a n t_______________________________ S econ d a ry h ousing: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O w n ed v a ca tio n h o m e --------------------------------------41 2 9 6 8 R e n t on v a ca tio n or trip s_______ _ _ . . . _. 1 15 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 R e n t a t sch o o l____________________ ______ ____ P rin cip a l h o m e, to ta l______ ____________________ $19.48 $14. 06 $23. 27 $19. 31 $4.28 $50.91 $12.82 P y m t. on prin. of m ort. an d d o w n p y m t .__ 17.86 13.81 22.47 15.86 3.59 45.90 12.82 .69 5.01 0 Im p r o v e m en ts on h o m e .__ ______ __ _____ .25 1. 62 .80 3.45 0 0 0 0 0 0 V a ca tio n h o m e _____________________ __ __ . 0 A v erage current exp en d itu re for— O w n ed p rin cip al h o m e, t o t a l . . ________ . . . _ 58. 53 57.93 64.26 72. 75 43. 65 66.88 47. 21 T a xes _______ __________________________ _____ 22.64 24.97 22.68 29.15 14. 70 28.64 17.54 .02 . 12 .38 .46 .09 0 .18 A sse ssm e n ts__________________ . . . ______ ______ 6.82 R ep airs an d rep la cem en ts______________ _ . 8. 84 3. 75 16.12 11.49 5.31 7. 51 1. 27 2.16 1.21 2.59 1. 63 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e_______________________ 1. 67 1.17 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e ____________ . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G ro u n d r e n t__________________________________ _ 0 In te re st on m o r tg a g e s.. _ _ . . . ------------ 23.68 27.11 21.92 28.17 19. 96 27. 70 19.16 .75 .91 1.52 .84 2. 27 1.66 2. 45 R efin a n cin g charges_________ . . ---------- ----------R e n te d p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l. _ ________________ 181. 61 121.50 144. 50 147. 66 214. 34 179. 79 256. 34 R e n t (gross ren t less c o n c e ssio n s)______________ 180. 87 120.56 143. 72 147.15 214. 03 179. 26 255.05 1.29 .74 .94 .78 .51 .31 .53 R ep airs b y te n a n t--------- --------- ------------------.03 2. 36 1.08 1.15 2. 73 1.39 .06 S econ d a ry h o u sin g , to ta l. _ ____________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 O w n ed v a c a tio n h o m e--------------------------------------- 0 1.34 .03 1.08 1.15 2.73 1.18 .06 R e n t on v a c a tio n or tr ip s_______________________ 1.02 0 .21 0 0 0 0 R e n t a t s c h o o l__________________________________ 5.64 5.54 5. 30 5.16 5. 50 4.84 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it ---------5.29 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w e llin g s w ith — 6 33 4 9 8 13 L ess th a n 4 ro o m s______ ___________ _______ 73 8 15 11 5 11 7 4 roo m s___ _________________________ _ _ . . . ____ 57 41 26 40 21 48 219 43 5 roo m s________________________________________ _ 24 23 21 23 31 35 6 roo m s___________________ _____ __________ _______ 157 14 12 21 16 11 92 18 7 room s or m o r e ___________________ __ ___ ______ I I . F a m ilies w h o ow n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e for 12 24 21 34 43 19 169 28 m o n th s— ______ __________________ __ . __ 5.72 5.19 3.77 2.96 3.05 2. 57 A verage n u m b er of persons in econ om ic fa m ily ___ 4.03 5. 33 3.91 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld __________ 5.85 3.23 3. 32 3.02 4. 25 N u m b e r of fam ilies w h o in v este d d u rin g th e 10 18 19 8 11 83 17 sch ed u le year in o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e . _______ A verage am o u n t in v este d d u rin g sch ed u le year, to ta l___________ __ _ ____________________________ $73.96 $42. 62 $67.12 $62. 72 $27. 70 $166. 96 $85. 36 P y m t. on p rin . of m ort. a n d d o w n p y m t . . _____ 69.58 41.96 64.75 60.94 24. 07 149.19 82. 07 4.38 .66 2.37 1. 78 3.63 17.77 3.29 Im p r o v e m en ts on h o m e_________. . . ___________ A verage current h o u sin g exp en d itu res on ow n ed p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l___________________________ 196.08 155.15 183. 74 200.00 200. 56 201.49 252.40 T a x e s. _________________ _____ ____ _____ ___________ 76. 48 66.87 63. 34 81.10 70.00 84.68 97. 57 .25 0 .13 A sse ssm e n ts.. . _ _______________________________ . .11 1.20 2.19 .53 R ep airs an d rep la cem en ts_________________________ 30.98 10.04 47.87 32.54 27. 02 21.50 42. 79 5. 78 F ire in su ran ce on h o m e___________________________ 3.13 3. 77 6.01 6. 35 8.19 8. 84 0 0 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e _________________ . . . 0 0 0 0 0 G rou n d ren t___________________________________ . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In terest on m o rtgag es_____________________________ 76. 93 72. 60 62. 01 75. 51 84.19 83.56 95.63 R efin a n cin g ch arges______________________ _________ 5.38 2.26 6. 75 4. 71 12.89 2. 36 5.38 i T h e to ta l n u m b er of fam ilies su rv ey ed in clu d es th ose in each of th e 4 su b g rou p s sh o w n in th is tab le (i. e. h o m e ow n ers, h o u se ren ters, ap artm en t renters w ith h eat in clu d ed in ren t, and ap a rtm en t ren ters w ith h ea t n o t in clu d ed in ren t) an d also fam ilies w h o ch an ged th eir h o u sin g sta tu s d u rin g th e yea r for w h o m n o sep ara te su b grou p is sh o w n . N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 382. 253 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 10.— H ousin g expenditures , by econom ic level— Continued D E T R O I T , M I C H .— W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed Ite m A ll fam i lies E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp e n d in g per e x p e n d itu r e u n it per yea r Un der $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 an d over H o u s i n g E x p e n d i t u r e s — C o n tin u ed I I . F a m ilies w h o o w n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e for 12 m o n th s— C o n tin u ed A verage e stim a te d a n n u a l ren ta l v a lu e . _______ __ $322. 00 $289. 00 $278.00 $305.00 $292.00 $377.00 $438.00 A verage im p u ted in co m e from e q u ity in o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e . _ ____________ ____________ __ 126. 00 134.00 94.00 105.00 91.00 175.00 185.00 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it________ 6.01 6.33 5.83 5.85 5.78 6.32 6.04 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 roo m s................. ...................... ..........— 3 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 4 room s................................................ .......................... 3 0 1 1 0 0 18 5 roo m s____________________________________ ___ __ 65 9 10 5 7 6 12 14 58 9 8 5 10 6 room s________________________ __ ________________ 4 5 7 room s or m o re........................... __ ______________ 9 11 11 50 10 22 31 III.F a m ilie s w h o ren ted h o u se for 12 m o n t h s . _____ 159 27 20 26 33 A verage n u m b er of p erson s in eco n om ic fa m ily . _. 4.05 6. 31 4.99 3. 93 3. 54 2. 91 2. 53 A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld __________ 4.23 6. 55 5.10 4.22 3.78 3. 07 2. 76 A verage ex p en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l------------------------------------------------------ --------- $237. 36 $202. 90 $216. 63 $239. 53 $251. 61 $229. 81 $279.40 R e n t (gross ren t less co n cessio n s)_____ _______ 235.81 199. 69 214. 74 238. 96 251. 04 229. 35 276. 64 R ep airs b y t e n a n t . ______ _________ ______ _ . .57 . 57 .46 2. 76 1.55 3. 21 1.89 A verage m o n th ly ren ta l ra te________________________ 20.05 16.87 18. 48 20.03 21.17 20.05 23.40 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w e llin g u n it— 5.69 5. 65 5. 61 5.77 5.46 5.42 5. 61 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w e llin g w ith — 0 L ess th a n 4 roo m s_________________________________ 0 3 1 1 0 1 2 2 0 9 3 1 1 4 r o o m s ________ ___________________________ 14 16 72 5 roo m s____ _____________________ ___________ _ _ 6 18 11 7 44 10 10 8 5 6 r o o m s ________________________________________ . . . 6 5 2 4 7 room s or m ore_________________ ________ . . . . 31 6 8 8 3 IV . F a m ilies w h o ren ted a p artm en t for 12 m o n th s 24 44 13 106 4 15 w ith h ea t in c lu d e d in ren t_______ _____________ 6 A verage n u m b er of p erson s in eco n om ic fa m ily . _ _ 2. 62 4.83 3.04 3.15 2. 85 2. 51 2.08 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld _________ 2.74 5.49 3.14 3.16 3.02 2. 56 2.20 A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h om e, to ta l_________ ______________ . . . _ . . . $320. 46 $259. 23 $258.03 $271.12 $320. 06 $323.82 $350. 58 R e n t (gross ren t less con cessio n s)_______________ 320. 37 259. 23 258. 03 271.12 319.77 323. 64 350. 58 .29 R ep airs b y te n a n t_________ _____ __ _ _ . . . .18 0 .09 0 0 0 A verage m o n th ly ren ta l rate_______________ . . . __ 27.66 28.87 23. 72 24.08 27. 27 28.11 29.84 A verage n u m b e r of room s in d w ellin g u n it __ . . . 4. 35 3. 68 3. 68 3. 72 3.93 3.40 3. 63 N u m b e r of fam il ies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 roo m s________ __ ___________ _______ 30 2 3 7 10 5 57 4 roo m s_________________________ . . 1 6 9 5 5 27 1 2 2 5 roo m s__________ ____________ _. __ ______ __ 4 2 6 16 0 6 roo m s__________________ ______ _________ _____ 3 5 0 0 0 1 1 7 room s or m o re. ________ __ _ . . . ________ . . 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 V . F am ilies w h o ren ted a p artm en t for 12 m o n th s w ith h ea t n o t in clu d ed in r e n t . __________ . . . 24 15 28 146 18 26 35 A verage n u m b er o f p erson s in eco n o m ic fa m ily ___ 2. 76 2. 51 3. 57 5. 46 4.10 3.69 3.18 A verage n u m b er o f p erson s in h o u se h o ld _______ _ 3.75 5. 46 4.27 3.80 3.28 2. 95 2.85 A verage ex p en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l_______________________________________________ $231. 97 $159.90'$222.48 $209. 75 $239. 67 $262. 79 $291. 74 R e n t (gross ren t less co n cessio n s)_ . . . _____. . . 230. 75 159. 90 221.86 208.59 239.42 260.87 288. 67 1.92 1.22 .62 1.16 .25 3.07 R ep airs b y te n a n t_________ ______ ______ . . . . 0 A verage m o n th ly ren ta l r a te. — _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19. 55 13. 79 18. 65 17.84 20.04 21.70 24.64 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n i t ___ . 5.26 5. 52 5.88 5.28 4.97 5.20 5.01 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — 0 1 5 3 0 0 L ess th a n 4 ro o m s_________ _______________ _____ 1 1 2 1 20 6 10 0 4 ro o m s___ __________________ _______________________ 10 12 69 7 13 19 8 5 ro o m s. ................................................ ...................................... 12 41 2! 10 5 5 0 roo m s___ _________________________________________ 7 5 2! 11 2 1 0 1 7 room s or m o r e . ________ _____ _______________ N o te s o n th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 382. 254 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T 10.— able H ousin g expen ditu res , by econom ic level— Ite m H o u s in g E x p e n d itu r e s W H IT E F A M I L IE S G rand R a p id s, M ich . E co n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g per e x p e n d it u r e A ll u n it per year fam i lies $600 U n d er $400 and to $400 $600 over Continued In d ia n a p o lis, In d . E con o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilies sp en d in g per e x p e n d i t u r e A ll u n it per year fam i lies $600 U n d er $400 to an d $400 $600 over I. A ll fam ilies in su r v e y 1 _______ ___________ 194 86 74 34 203 75 70 58 A v . n o. of persons in eco n om ic fa m ily ____ 3. 52 4. 42 3. 05 2.29 3.42 4. 27 3. 35 2. 43 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u seh o ld . 3.67 4. 57 3.17 2. 44 3. 53 4. 33 3. 48 2. 55 N u m b e r of fam ilies In v estin g in — P rin cip a l h o m e____ ______ ________________ 44 43 17 24 16 15 10 5 V acation h o m e________ __ _ __ 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 N o . of fam . h a v in g cur. exp en d , for— O w n ed p rin cip al hom e: T a xes _________________ _________ _ _ 91 16 68 22 40 35 31 15 A sse ssm e n ts____________________________ 2 15 5 5 5 0 1 1 R ep airs an d r ep la c em e n ts____________ 51 24 25 20 7 12 5 8 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e ______ _ _ _ 37 14 39 11 15 8' 21 7 L ia b ility in su ran ce on h o m e __________ 4 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 G rou n d ren t _ _______ ____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In terest on m ortgages _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ 21 50 19 10 45 15 25 5 R efin a n cin g ch arges_______ _ _ _ ______ 4 2 1 0 0 1 3 1 R e n te d p rin cip al hom e: R e n t (gross ren t less co n cessio n s)____ 106 39 20 135 53 39 47 43 R ep a irs b y ten a n t ________________ 9 4 4 1 2 3 0 3 S eco n d a ry h ousing: O w n ed v a ca tio n h o m e _ _ _ _ 3 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 R e n t on va ca tio n or trip s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 10 4 16 6 5 4 5 R e n t a t school _ _ ______ __ __ 3 3 0 2 0 3 0 1 A v . a m t. in v ested d u rin g sch ed . y r. in ow n ed : P rin cip a l h o m e, to ta l____ _ $22.96 $15.11 $23. 69 $41. 23 $28. 43 $16. 68 $54. 28 $12. 43 P y m t. on prin. of m ort. an d d o w n p y m t. 19. 42 12.10 21. 45 33. 51 25.09 15.35 49. 67 8.02 Im p r o v e m en ts on h o m e ..- ______ __ _ 3.54 1.33 4. 61 4. 41 3. 01 2. 24 7. 72 3.34 V a ca tio n h o m e ____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 0 1.79 0 0 0 10.23 0 0 A v era g e current exp en d itu re for: O w n ed p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l. _ _ _ ___ 68. 70 49. 96 76. 41 99. 31 47. 73 29.98 72. 71 40. 57 T a x es _______________ _ _ _ _ _ ------ 23.37 17.69 27. 80 28.10 12.17 9.55 16.63 10.17 A sse ssm e n t’ ____________ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2. 22 .24 0 .82 2.16 5.90 .56 . 17 R ep a irs an d r e p la c e m e n ts.. __________ 9. 30 2. 26 20. 56 20. 21 6.74 12.20 9. 45 13. 70 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e ._ ______ ___ 2. 50 1.85 4.08 2.26 1.83 2. 69 3.78 2. 73 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e _ _____ 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 G ro u n d ren t ___ _ __ ___ ______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In terest on m o r tg a g e s.__ -------------- 30. 74 21.87 31.25 52.08 18. 56 15. 88 30. 57 7.54 R efin a n cin g charges ____ _______ __ 0 .31 .22 .31 .57 0 .17 1.01 R e n te d p rin cip al h om e, to ta l __ _______ 92. 56 79.91 93. 06 123.45 142. 71 125. 68 121. 56 190. 27 R e n t (gross ren t less co n cessio n s)____ 92. 27 79. 60 92. 85 123. 07 142. 59 125. 67 121.56 189. 86 R ep airs b y t e n a n t ------ --- -----------------.01 0 .41 .21 . 12 .29 .38 .31 S econ d a ry h o u sin g, to ta l ______________ .26 4.34 3.31 2. 39 .53 4. 45 2. 67 2. 54 O w n ed v a ca tio n h o m e ___ __ _ _ __ 0 0 0 .08 .62 0 .13 0 R e n t on va ca tio n or trip s _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.52 .26 .70 .78 2. 05 .77 .53 .89 R e n t at school .. ______________ ____ 0 3. 64 1.79 1.77 3.59 0 1.37 0 A v . no. of room s in d w ellin g u n i t ________ 5. 54 5. 97 6.00 5. 84 5. 87 5. 82 5. 83 5. 84 N o . o f fam . liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 room s _ _ _ _ __ _ 5 2 2 6 13 4 1 1 4 room s __ _____ ______ . __ __ 9 9 12 2 12 6 30 20 ______ __ __ _ 21 5 r o o m s . _________ __ 23 16 21 12 51 18 60 22 6 r o o m s. __________ . . _ ---------------- _. 29 12 15 28 66 67 27 11 14 7 room s or m o r e .. ______________________ 52 34 9 20 7 25 II. F a m ilies w h o ow n ed th eir p rin cip al 22 31 15 h o m e for 12 m o n th s . . . _______ . . . . . 39 34 14 68' 87 A v . n o . of persons in eco n om ic fa m ily .__ 3. 77 3.98 3.53 2. 35 4.81 3.10 2. 48 3. 41 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld . 4.07 3.79 2. 76 3.97 5.11 3.17 2.70 3. 65 N o . of fam ilies w h o in v este d d u rin g th e sch ed u le year in o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e . 15 24 44 5 41 16 15 10 A vera g e a m o u n t in v este d d u rin g sch ed u le yea r, to ta l ._ _ . . . ____ $54. 08 $40. 30 $49.18 $123. 83 $63. 76 $53. 66 $85.00 $35. 43 P y m t. on prin. of m ort. an d d o w n p y m t. 45. 45 33. 67 44.99 105. 08 60. 42 52. 33 80. 39 31. 02 Im p ro v em en ts on h o m e .. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.33 4. 61 4. 41 7. 63 6.63 4.19 18. 75 3. 34 A vera g e current h o u sin g ex p en d itu res on o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l.__ __ 151. 51 110.15 161.51 242.47 145. 24 102. 21 162. 75 176. 84 T a x es _ ____ ______ _____ _ _ _ . . . 51.01 39.00 57. 55 68. 61 40.74 32. 56 37. 56 59.31 A ssessm en ts _ . __ . _ _________ .72 0 4. 95 1.81 1.26 .67 4.70 14. 33 R ep airs an d r e p la c e m e n ts ____________ _ 20. 88 14. 86 26. 55 23. 86 39.72 7. 71 46.10 78.13 F ire in su ran ce on h o m e _ __ ._ __. _ 5. 57 4.03 5. 85 9.1 9 7.98 6. 30 8.8 0 8.74 L ia b ility insu ran ce on h o m e _ __ 0 0 0 0 0 .48 1.50 0 G rou n d ren t _. _ ______ . __ _ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In terest on m ortgages _ _ ____ . _ _ _ 67. 84 48. 23 66.18 126. 48 55. 42 54.14 69.03 29.16 R efin a n cin g charges _ . _ _ . _ 1.26 2. 22 .68 0 .18 0 0 .83 1 T h e total n u m b er of fam ilies su r v e y ed in clu d es th ose in each of th e 4 su b g rou p s sh o w n in th is ta b le (i. e. h o m e ow ners, h ou se ren ters, a p artm en t ren ters w ith h eat in clu d ed in ren t, an d a p artm en t ren ters w ith h eat n o t in clu d ed in ren t) an d also fam ilies w h o ch an ged th eir h o u sin g sta tu s d u rin g th e year for w h o m no sep arate su b g rou p is sh o w n . N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 382. TABULAR SUMMARY T 10.— able 255 H ousin g expenditures, by econom ic level— Continued W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed G ran d R a p id s, M ic h .-- C o n . Item A ll fam i lies H o u s i n g E x p e n d i t u r e s — C o n tin u ed II. F a m ilies w h o ow n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e for 12 m o n th s— C o n tin u ed . A verage estim a te d a n n u a l ren ta l v a lu e ___ $252. 00 A verage im p u ted in co m e from e q u ity in o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e___________________ 100 00 A verage n u m b er o f room s in d w ellin g u n it_______________________________________ 6. 42 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 r o o m s ,______ ________ __ 1 4 r o o m s, , _______________ __________ _ 2 5 room s __________ _____________ ________ 14 6 room s _______ __ _______ _ 33 7 room s or m o re_________ ,_ ___ _ ___ 37 III. F a m ilie s w h o ren ted h o u se for 12 m o n th s. 54 A verage n u m b er of persons in eco n om ic fa m ily ___________________ _______ ________ 3. 46 A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld . 3. 55 A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l_____________________________ $178. 51 R e n t (gross ren t less c o n c e ssio n s), ___ 177. 77 R ep airs b y te n a n t________ ________ __ .74 A verage m o n th ly ren ta l r a te ______________ 14. 82 A v erage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n it __ ____________ ______ _ 5. 95 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 room s __ ______ ___ 0 4 room s _ _ _ _ _ _ ______ __ 5 5 r o o m s ______ _ ___ 13 6 ro o m s- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _________ __ ____ 2o 7 room s or m ore__ __ _ ___________ _ 13 IV . F a m ilie s w h o ren ted a p a rtm en t for 12 m o n th s w ith h eat in clu d ed in r e n t 2______ 7 V . F a m ilie s w h o ren ted ap artm en t for 12 m o n th s w ith h ea t n o t in c lu d e d in 41 r e n t-. _ ___ _ _ ___ ____________ A verage n u m b er of p erson s in eco n om ic f a m ily _______ ___ ____________________ 3. 28 3.40 A verage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld . A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l _______ _______ _______ $136. 05 R e n t (gross ren t less c o n cessio n s)— __ _ 135. 92 R ep airs b y te n a n t___ __ ___________ . 13 A verage m o n th ly ren ta l r a te . ____________ 11.46 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n i t ______ __ ____________________________ 4. 78 N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — 1 L ess th a n 4 ro o m s. ___________ __________ 8 4 room s __ ________ __ _________________ 22 5 r o o m s. _ ___ _ ___ __ __ ___ 10 6 room s _ __ _ _ ____________________ _ 0 7 room s or m o r e .. __________________ __ In d ia n ap o lis, In d .— iC on. E c o n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g per e x p e n d it u r e u n it per year U n d er $400 to $400 $600 A ll fam i lies $600 an d over E co n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g per e x p e n d it u r e u n it per year U n d er $400 to $400 $600 $204.00 $276.00 $323.00 $274.00 $311.00 $250.00 $268.00 94. 00 115. 00 81.00 128. 00 209. GO 87.00 91.00 6. 46 6. 32 6. 53 5. 84 5. 54 5.97 6.00 1 2 3 13 20 27 4.18 4. 22 0 0 6 16 12 17 3.05 3.23 0 0 5 4 5 10 2. 21 2.26 1 7 20 23 17 100 3.46 3.58 0 3 9 6 4 40 4. 39 4. 52 0 4 7 12 8 30 3. 21 3. 37 1 0 4 5 5 30 2. 49 2. 53 $152. 57 $193. 66 $222. 80 $205.15 $171. 82 $212. 45 $242. 28 151. 65 192. 98 222. 45 204. 90 171. 80 212. 45 241. 48 .92 .35 .02 0 .68 .25 .80 11.95 16.08 18. 42 17. 08 14. 32 17.70 20. 12 5. 67 6. 08 6. 47 5. 42 5.60 5.47 5.1 3 0 4 7 11 5 1 0 1 3 7 6 3 0 0 3 5 2 3 4 15 35 35 11 15 3 2 11 20 4 2 0 4 13 9 4 4 1 9 11 6 3 9 18 3. 93 3.94 17 2. 96 3. 15 6 2.16 2. 45 19 3. 61 3. 78 11 4. 39 4. 58 4 3.08 3.10 4 2.00 2. 25 $134. 92 $131. 05 $153. 64 $196. 79 $187. 73 $207. 00 $211. 50 134. 79 130. 86 153. 64 196. 79 187. 73 207.00 211. 50 0 0 0 0 . 19 0 . 13 11.35 11.16 12.64 16.40 15. 64 17. 25 17. 62 4.9 4 4.84 4.1 5 5.63 5. 36 6. 25 5.75 0 5 10 3 0 1 3 8 5 0 0 0 4 2 0 1 4 3 5 6 1 3 1 3 3 0 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 2 D e ta ile d in fo rm a tio n n o t p resen ted b ecau se o f sm a ll n u m b er of fam ilies in th is classification . N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 382. $600 an d ov er EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 256 T 10.— able H ousin g expen ditu res , by econom ic level— Item H o u sin g E x p e n d itu r es Continued In d ia n a p o lis, In d .— L a n sin g, M ic h .N egro fam ilies W h ite fam ilies E c o n o m ic le v e l — E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g F am ilies sp en d in g A ll A ll p e r e x p e n d it u r e p er e x p e n d itu r e fam i fam i u n it per year u n it per y ea r lies lies $400 $600 U n d er $300 U n d er $400 to an d to an d $300 $400 $400 $600 over over 101 I. A ll fam ilies in s u r v e y 1_______ _______ _ 45 24 32 145 48 58 39 A v . n o. of p erson s in eco n o m ic fa m ily ___ 3.63 4. 92 2. 96 2. 31 3. 37 3. 00 2. 39 4.33 A v erage n u m b er of p erson s in h o u se h o ld -. 3. 70 5. 00 2. 96 2. 44 3. 57 4. 47 3. 26 2. 70 N u m b e r of fam ilies in v e stin g in: 14 32 P rin c ip a l h o m e____________ __________ _ 2 4 8 12 13 0 0 V a c a tio n h o m e_________________ __ ____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 N o . of fam . h a v in g cur. exp en d , for— O w n ed p rin cip a l hom e: 19 5 9 5 55 21 T a x e s ._ _ __ __ _ ____________ _________ 18 16 1 4 0 1 1 0 A s s e s s m e n ts ___________________ _ . . 3 0 2 1 3 25 0 9 7 9 R ep a irs an d rep la c em e n ts_____________ 12 34 11 5 4 3 14 9 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e . _______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 L ia b ility in su ra n ce on h o m e __________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G ro u n d r e n t. ______ ______ _____ ____ __ 15 4 8 11 3 33 14 8 In te re st on m o rtg a g es_______ _______ 1 2 1 0 0 2 R e fin a n cin g c h a r g e s... . . . ___ 0 0 R e n te d p rin c ip a l hom e: 82 36 19 27 93 39 32 R e n t (gross ren t less con cession s) __ _ 22 2 1 16 0 1 5 5 R ep a irs b y te n a n t__________ ______ __ 6 S e c o n d a ry h ousing: 0 0 0 0 0 O w n ed va ca tio n h o m e ____ _______ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 3 3 3 R e n t on v a ca tio n or trip s___ ______ _ 0 0 0 0 1 1 R e n t at sch o o l_____________________ _ . 0 0 A v . a m t. in v este d d u rin g sch ed . yr. in $17. 44 $24.16 $15.48 $9. 45 $40.48 $33.43 $56.84 $30.85 P y m t. on prin. of m ort. and d o w n p y m t 12. 01 14. 20 12.98 8.20 34.09 33.02 42. 65 25.17 5. 43 .41 14.19 5.68 9. 96 2.50 1.25 6.39 Im p ro v em en ts on h o m e ________ _____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V a ca tio n h o m e ._______________ __ . . . A vera g e current ex p en d itu re foi : O w n ed p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l _ _____ 20. 81 18. 75 28. 65 17. 87 60.92 53. 81 56. 31 77.17 4.30 9. 62 6.53 25. 70 19.99 23. 60 36. 78 T a x e s________ ______ _________ ________ 6. 27 .18 0 0 .58 .45 .12 A s s e s s m e n t ___________ _ _ ______ __ 1.20 0 3.28 4.18 5.98 0 6.12 R ep airs an d rep lacem en ts ______ 5. 27 6. 72 6. 65 1.02 .66 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e ______ . . . .9 7 2. 79 2.40 2.97 1.57 2. 71 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 L ia b ility in su ran ce on h o m e __________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G ro u n d r e n t. _ __ __ ____ . . . 9. 48 8. 30 12.08 9.19 25. 56 24. 69 22.39 30. 77 In te re st on m ortgag es ______ ____ . .58 1.31 0 0 .38 R efin a n cin g charges______ .95 0 0 R e n te d p rin cip al h om e, to ta l __ _ ___ 113. 55 105. 73 122. 50 117.83 141.12 120. 61 154. 79 154. 79 R e n t (gross ren t less con cessio n s)____ 113. 37 105. 40 122. 50 117. 72 139. 81 119. 56 153.75 152. 76 . 18 .33 0 . 11 1.31 R ep airs b y te n a n t______ ______ _____ __ 1. 05 1.04 2.03 0 0 0 2. 51 S eco n d a ry h o u sin g , to ta l_______ _____ 0 1. 92 1. 25 4.92 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O w n ed v a ca tio n h o m e . _ _ __ _ _ 0 0 0 0 2. 40 R e n t on v a ca tio n or tr ip s___ __ _ __ 1. 65 1. 25 4. 92 0 0 0 0 .11 .27 0 R e n t at sch o o l____ _________ ______ 0 5. 22 5.04 4.97 5.49 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g u n it 5. 73 5.70 5.60 5.93 N o . of fam . liv in g in d w e llin g w ith — 10 1 4 5 9 2 4 L ess th a n 4 ro o m s. _ _________ _______ 3 22 12 4 r o o m s_______________________________ __ _ 3 7 14 8 3 3 29 12 11 6 5 ro o m s______________ _________ ______ 38 16 19 3 22 6 r o o m s. _______ ______ _______ _ __ _ 10 5 7 44 16 14 14 18 5 10 3 7 room s or m ore_______ _____ ___________ 40 16 8 16 II. F a m ilies w ho o w n ed th eir p rin cip al 19 52 9 5 h om e for 12 m o n t h s ______ ____________ 5 16 20 16 3.76 4. 35 3 . 04 2. 32 4.28 3.80 2.80 3. 32 A v . no. of p erson s in eco n om ic fa m ily ____ 4.29 3.80 2. 82 3. 66 A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld . _ 3. 77 4.46 3 . 41 2. 91 N u m b e r of fam ilies w h o in v e ste d d uring th e sch ed u le year in ow n ed p rin cip al 14 4 2 8 32 12 13 h o m e ________ __ ____________ ________. . . 7 A verage am o u n t in v e ste d d u rin g Sched u le year, to ta l_______ ________________ $90. 62 $120. 84 $74. 30 $52. 52 $75.95 $61. 83 $108.43 $54.22 P y m t. on prin. of m ort. an d d o w n pym t_ 63.86 71.02 62.30 52. 52 66. 02 61.42 86. 63 50. 53 9.93 Im p ro v em en ts on h o m e_________________ 26. 76 49.82 12.00 0 0. 41 21.80 3. 69 A verage current h o u sin g ex p en d itu res on ow n ed p rin cip al h o m e, to ta l___ __ __ 110. 70 93.74 137. 52 114.37 164.40 151.65 158. 27 186. 46 T a x e s . ___________ ________________ _ . . . 33. 33 21. 48 46.19 41.78 69. 49 56.68 65.34 89.64 3.72 .98 0 0 1.24 A ssessm en ts________ _____________ _ ___ .36 3.59 0 R ep airs an d r e p la c e m e n ts ._______ _____ 17. 45 .20 .8 9 28. 70 0 17.07 15.29 20.16 16.20 5. 43 3.30 4.64 10. 05 6. 61 F ire in su ra n ce on h o m e ______ . . . _____ 6. 30 6. 38 7.24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 L ia b ility in su ran ce on h o m e____ G rou n d r e n t________ ______________ _ . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In terest on m o rtgag es_____ __ _ . . . ____ 50. 40 41. 50 57. 99 58. 82 68.93 70.28 62.80 73. 38 R efin a n cin g charges______________________ 3.11 6. 57 0 0 1.06 2.74 0 0 1 T h e to ta l n u m b er of fam ilies su r v e y ed in clu d es th ose in each of th e 4 su b g rou p s sh o w n in th is ta b le (i. e. h o m e ow n ers, h ou se ren ters, a p artm en t ren ters w ith heat in clu d ed in ren t, an d ap a rtm en t ren ters w ith h eat n o t in clu d ed in ren t) an d also fam ilies w h o ch an ged th eir h o u sin g sta tu s d u rin g th e year for w h o m no sep arate su b g rou p is sh o w n . N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 382. 257 TABULAR SUMMARY T a b le 10.— H ousin g expen ditu res , by econom ic level— Continued In d ia n a p o lis, In d .— N egro fa m ilies— C o n tin u e d Item A ll fam i lies E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g p e r e x p e n d it u r e u n it per year U nder $300 $300 to $400 $400 an d over L a n sin g, M ic h .— W h ite fam ilies— Co n tin u e d A ll. fa m i lies H o u s i n g E x p e n d i t u r e s — C o n tin u ed II. F a m ilies w h o o w n ed th eir p rin cip al h o m e for 12 m o n th s— C on tin u ed . A verage e stim a te d a n n u a l ren ta l v a lu e . __ $168.00 $132.00 $194.00 $204.00 $324.00 A verage im p u ted in co m e from e q u ity in o w n ed p rin cip al h o m e ___________________ 56.00 38.00 57. 00 90. 00 160.00 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g 6.00 5.67 6. 80 5. 80 6. 22 u n it_____ ________________________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin g s w ith — L ess th a n 4 roo m s_______________________ 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 4 ro o m s___ ______ . . . ________________ 0 0 6 2 1 3 10 5 roo m s___________. . . --------- -------------- 3 2 0 1 17 6 r o o m s _______ . . . ------- --------4 21 7 room s or m ore . ______________ . . . . . 8 3 1 III. F a m ilies w h o ren ted house for 12 m o n th s. 63 32 65 11 20 A verage n u m b er of persons in econ om ic 3.88 5. 29 2. 73 2. 25 3.69 f a m ily ... . . . _. ._ . . . ______ . . . _. . A verage n u m b er of persons in h o u se h o ld . ~ 3. 98 5. 37 2. 72 2.45 3. 87 A verage exp en d itu re for ren ted p rin cip al h om e, to ta l__________ . ______________ $130. 43 $133. 31 $139. 64 $120.78 $222. 25 R e n t (gross r en t less con cessio n s)____ __ 130.14 132.84 139. 64 120. 60 219. 76 .18 2. 49 .29 R ep airs b y te n a n t________________________ .47 0 A verage m o n th ly ren ta l r a te ______________ 10. 84 11.07 11.64 10. 05 18. 65 A verage n u m b er of room s in d w ellin g 5. 22 5. 79 5. 56 4. 82 4.90 u n it_______________ ______________ ________ N u m b e r of fam ilies liv in g in d w ellin gs w ith — 2 3 0 5 0 L ess th a n 4 ro o m s. .._ ______ . . . . 7 4 room s _ _ _ _ ... . .. 15 9 5 1 19 9 3 7 20 5 r o o m s. __ _________ ________ . - - . 15 5 6ro om s___ . . . . _. . . . __ . __________ 3 20 7 9 1 18 7 room s or m ore_________ ______ __ . . . 7 1 IV . F a m ilies w h o ren ted a p artm en t for 12 3 4 12 m o n th s w ith h eat in clu d ed in r e n t 2___ 0 1 V . F a m ilies w h o ren ted a p artm en t for 12 4 4 7 15 m o n th s w ith h eat n o t in clu d ed in r e n t 2. E c o n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g p er e x p e n d itu r e u n it per year $400 to $600 U n d er $400 $277.00 $316.00 $391.00 125. 00 157.00 205.00 5. 75 6.28 6.75 0 2 6 5 7 30 4. 53 4. 71 0 1 4 6 5 20 3.17 3.40 0 1 0 6 9 15 2.72 2.85 $186. 61 $234. 32 $277. 42 185. 35 231.82 272. 51 1.26 2. 50 4. 91 15.50 19. 83 23. 26 5. 63 5.64 6. 31 0 2 6 3 0 1 3 5 6 4 1 0 4 8 9 9 3 2 » 7 2Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification. Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 382. $600 an d over 9 5 4 258 EAST NORTH CENTRAL, REGION T 10.— able H ousin g expen ditu res , by econom ic level— M I L W A U K E E , W IS .— W H IT E F A M I L IE S Item All fami lies Continued Economic level—Families spending per expendi ture unit per year Under $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 and $300 $400 $600 $700 over $500 H o u s in g E x p e n d itu r es I All families in survey 1_______ ___ ___ Av. no. of persons in economic family _ Average number of persons in household Number of families investing in: Principal home___________ _ _ _ Vacation home_________________ . No. of fam. having current expenditure for— Owned principal home: Taxes . _ ________ _ - . _ Assessments _ __ _____ ___ ____ Repairs and replacements. _____ ... Fire insurance on home. _ __ _______ Liability insurance on home __ _ _ _ ______ Ground rent____ _ Interest on mortgages.. __ ____ _ Refinancing charges. . . _____ ____ Rented principal home: Rent (gross rent less concessions)__ _ Repairs by tenant. _ _________ Secondary housing: Owned vacation home___________ Rent on vacation or trips______ Rent at school... _ _ . . . _____ _ 446 3.54 3. 73 42 5. 72 5. 75 79 4.71 4.90 116 3. 52 3. 76 66 3.23 3. 36 56 2. 58 2.71 87 2. 32 2. 53 51 0 9 0 11 0 13 0 7 0 4 0 7 0 119 9 70 68 2 0 77 5 17 2 4 8 0 0 13 0 22 1 13 14 0 0 14 1 27 1 13 15 1 0 20 1 17 0 12 9 0 0 11 1 17 3 13 10 0 0 8 1 19 2 15 12 1 0 11 1 325 23 24 1 57 2 88 8 49 1 39 4 68 7 1 14 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 0 0 2 1 0 2 1 1 5 0 Av. amt. invested during sched. yr. in owned: Principal home, total______________ $27. 56 $47.15 $26.16 Pymt. on prin. of mort. and down pyrnt.. 23. 05 42. 15 12.87 Improvements on home____ 4. 51 5. 00 13. 29 Vacation home._ ________ . 0 0 0 Average current expenditure for— Owned principal home, total___ . . . . 62. 65 71.03 59. 72 Taxes ... _ ______ _ __ . . . ____ 28.15 31.38 27. 70 Assessments __ _____________ _ __ .72 1. 32 .82 Repairs and replacements.. ____ 9. 30 3. 99 9.38 Fire insurance on home___ . . . _ _ 2. 32 2.20 3. 24 Liability insurance on home. ____ .03 0 0 _____ _ _ ____ Ground rent 0 0 0 Interest on mortgages. __ __ _ _ 21.90 31.60 18. 51 Refinancing charges____ _ . _ .35 .49 0 Rented principal home, total__ 210. 77 113. 93 192. 71 Rent (gross rent less concessions) ____ 210. 43 113.81 192. 42 Repairs by tenant___ _ . . . . _____ .34 . 12 .29 Secondary housing, total _ _ . . . _____ 1.45 0 .19 Owned vacation home __ ________ .04 0 0 Rent on vacation or trips. _______ _ .98 . 19 0 Rent at school._ _ . ... _ ______ .43 0 0 Average number of rooms in dwelling unit__ 5.29 5. 29 5. 52 No. of fam. living in dwellings with— Less than 4 rooms. __ ... _ _ _ __ 31 4 5 4 rooms _____ _ _____ 4 12 66 5 rooms. ____ ... ___________ _ _ 11 35 177 Grooms______ ___________ 103 13 15 7 rooms or more .. _ _ _ ______ _ __ 69 12 10 II Families who owned their principal home for 12 months. _ _ _ ___ ______ _ 118 22 16 Av. no. of persons in economic family__ 3. 71 6. 41 4. 86 Average number of persons in household__ 4. 03 6. 46 5. 12 Number of families who invested during the schedule year in owned principal home... 50 9 11 Average amount invested during schedule year, total_____________________ $98. 73 $123. 77 $99. 42 Pymt. on prin. of mort. and down pymt._ 81.70 110. 65 51. 70 Improvements on home__ _____ _ _ 17.03 13.12 47. 72 Average current housing expenditures on owned principal home, total____ _ 234. 02 176. 46 214.48 Taxes ... __ _____ ___ ___ __ 104. 46 74.88 99.48 Assessments____ ___ __ _ ___ ____ 2. 72 2.15 4. 75 Repairs and replacements. _ __ ___ _ _ 34. 94 10. 47 33. 69 Fire insurance on home________ _ _ _ 8. 33 8. 07 7.57 Liability insurance on home. _ ______ .11 0 0 Ground rent______ ___ _______ _ _ 0 0 0 Interest on mortgages _ ___ ___ _ _ 82. 40 81.39 66.47 Refinancing charges _ __ _____ _____ . 1.32 0 1.76 $21.13 $29. 34 $14. 48 $34. 98 21. 13 23.28 14. 48 30.96 0 6.06 0 4. 02 0 0 0 0 53. 40 64.17 91. 05 54.15 23.83 27. 89 38. 39 26. 36 .38 0 1. 70 .50 5.78 10. 81 18. 89 9.16 1.59 3.15 2.61 1.31 .03 0 0 . 10 0 0 0 0 21.90 23. 33 28. 56 14. 95 . 17 . 55 .36 .47 201.17 229. 08 224. 76 263. 78 200. 60 229. 04 224. 54 263. 32 . 22 .04 .57 .46 3. 17 2. 21 1. 42 1. 35 0 0 0 . 20 .54 2. 01 1.42 .68 2. 63 0 .67 0 5. 33 5. 33 5. 32 5. 09 7 12 51 30 16 2 15 24 15 10 3 11 19 12 11 10 12 37 18 10 27 3. 52 3. 85 17 3. 26 3. 37 17 2. 64 2. 75 19 2. 31 2. 70 12 7 4 7 $61. 54 $115. 71 $47. 69 $160. 21 61.54 92.18 47. 69 141. 79 23. 53 0 0 18. 42 223. 22 249.15 299. 95 247. 93 98. 33 108. 29 126. 47 120. 70 1.63; 0 5. 61 2.28 23. 92 41.97 62. 23 41.93 5. 19 6.19 10. 36 11.93 . 14 0 0 .47 0 0 0 0 93.29 90. 57 94.10 68. 46 .72 2.13 1.18 2.16 1 T h e to ta l n u m b er of fam ilies su rv ey ed in clu d es th ose in each of th e 4 su b grou p s sh o w n in th is ta b le (i. e., h o m e ow ners, h ou se renters, a p artm en t ren ters w ith h eat in clu d ed in ren t, an d ap a rtm en t r en te r s w ith h eat n o t in clu d ed in ren t), an d also fam ilies w h o ch an g ed th eir h o u sin g sta tu s du rin g th e year fo r w h o m no separate subgroup is sh o w n . N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 382. 259 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 10.— H ousin g expen ditu res , by econom ic level— Continued M I L W A U K E E , W IS — W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed Item All fami lies Economic level—Families spending per expendi ture unit per year Under $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 and $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 over Housing Expenditures—Continued II Families who owned their principal home for 12 months—Continued. Average estimated annual rental value___ $390. 00 $331.00 $345. 00 $388. 00 $392. 00 $442. 00 $444.00 Average imputed income from equity in owned principal home________ . . ... 156. 00 154. 00 130.00 165.00 142. 00 142. 00 196. 00 Average number of rooms in dwelling unit— Number of families living in dwellings with— Less than 4 rooms__ ______ ______ 4 rooms..- ... --------------------------- _. 5 rooms___ ___ _ . .. ----------- _ 6 rooms_______ . -------- --------7 rooms or more... _ ____ . . . _____ I II Families who rented house for 12 months.. Average number of persons in economic family________ _____ _ ... _ ____ Average number of persons in household__ 5. 82 6.06 5. 64 5. 70 5. 76 5.88 6.00 0 8 43 40 27 94 0 1 3 7 5 9 0 5 6 6 5 23 0 0 13 10 4 28 0 1 9 3 4 12 0 1 5 6 5 11 0 0 7 8 4 11 3.71 3.88 4.78 4.78 4.95 5. 06 3. 61 3. 87 3. 25 3. 34 2. 64 2. 63 2.09 2. 54 Average expenditure for rented principal home, total... _. ... ___ ______ $270. 20 $175.11 $267. 57 $268.18 $297. 50 $288.18 $310. 91 Rent (gross rent less concessions)____ _ 269. 80 175.11 266. 70 267. 82 297. 50 287.45 310. 91 .87 .40 0 Repairs by tenant________________ .36 0 .73 0 Average monthly rental rate________ _ 21.45 15.00 22.15 23. 36 25.00 24.18 25.91 Average number of rooms in dwelling unit.. Number of families living in dwellings with— Less than 4 rooms._ ... ______ _. 4 rooms.. _____ _ ______ ____ ____ 5 rooms. _________ ______ ._ 6 rooms___ ___ _ ... _______ . ._ 7 rooms or more.._ ___ _____ _____ V Families who rented apartment for 12 months with heat included in rent___ Average number of persons in economic family . . . ________ _ ____ Average number of persons in household__ 5. 45 5.11 5. 70 5. 39 5.92 5.18 5.09 5 16 31 25 17 1 2 3 1 2 0 3 10 5 5 1 5 10 9 3 0 2 2 5 3 1 3 2 3 2 2 1 4 2 2 42 2 7 5 5 7 16 2.69 2. 78 3. 50 3. 50 3. 71 3. 91 3.00 2. 99 2. 60 2. 60 2. 43 2. 66 2.18 2. 24 Average expenditure for rented principal home, total_______ _ _ ____ __ $346.78 $270.00 $309. 43 $255. 50 $368. 40 $365.14 $386. 47 Rent (gross rent less concessions) ... ... 346.70 270. 00 309.43 255. 50 368. 40 365.14 386. 25 .22 0 Repairs by tenant __ _____ ___ ____ 0 0 0 0 .08 Average monthly rental rate _________ _ 29.15 22.50 25. 79 23.00 30. 70 30. 43 32. 34 Average number of rooms in dwelling unit... Number of families living in dwellings with— Less than 4 rooms______ _ . . . 4 rooms ... ... ___ _ _ . . . . . . 5 rooms_______ _______ _ ___ ___ 6 rooms_____ _______ . ... . .. . 7 rooms or more. ________________ V Families who rented apartment for 12 months with heat not included in rent.. Average number of persons in economic family__ __ __ _ ______ _____ Average number of persons in household__ 3. 83 5. 00 4. 00 2. 60 4. 20 3.86 3. 88 18 10 11 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 3 1 2 1 0 4 0 1 0 0 1 2 2 0 0 2 3 2 0 0 7 4 4 0 1 182 12 26 51 31 21 41 3.44 3. 61 5. 59 5. 59 4. 67 4.88 3.54 3. 80 3. 31 3.50 2. 58 2. 72 2.44 2. 55 Average expenditure for rented principal home, total____ ____ ... ______ $287. 86 $220. 75 $257. 85 $263. 34 $303. 28 $326. 69 $325. 53 Rent (gross rent less concessions) _ 287. 27 220. 33 257. 73 262. 24 303.19 326.48 324. 63 .21 .90 .12 1.10 .09 .59 .42 Repairs by tenant_______ __ . _. Average monthly rental rate______ ... 17. 67 21.56 21.87 25. 31 27.19 27.28 23. 97 Average number of rooms in dwelling unit.. No. of fam. living in dwellings with— Less than 4 rooms__ ______ 4 rooms______ _____ ______ _. . . 5 rooms________________ . . ... 6 rooms_____ _________ _____ . 7 rooms or more____ _______ ... .. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 382. 5. 22 7 31 87 35 22 5.17 5.00 5. 41 2 1 3 5 1 2 3 16 3 2 1 6 26 9 9 5. 06 1 10» 10' 7 3 5. 43 5.15 0 4 10, 1 7 22 3 8 4:l 3 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 260 T a ble 11.— F u el , light, and refrigeration expen ditu res , by econom ic level CINCINNATI, OHIO—WHITE FAMILIES Economic level—Families spending per expendi ture unit per year Item All fami lies Under $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 and $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 over Fuel, Light, andRefrigerationExpenditures I. All families in survey_________ __ ___ Number of families spending for— Electricity_____ ________ _ ___ _ Anthracite_____ _ _____ _ ____ Bituminous coal— ___________ _ ___ Coke_ ____ ____ _ __ _________ Briquets______ _____ _ _______ Wood_________________________ Fuel oil--------- -------- ----------------------Gas__ ____ __ _______ ____ Kerosene.__ __________ _ _ ___ _ Gasoline (not for auto) _ ____________ Ice__ _____________________ 352 31 72 88 55 42 64 336 17 237 33 1 10 1 330 5 2 169 31 4 25 1 0 1 0 30 0 0 23 69 1 51 7 0 1 0 68 0 0 42 83 4 65 5 1 2 1 84 0 0 48 52 4 34 5 0 2 0 50 3 1 26 40 0 22 6 0 1 0 39 0 0 12 61 4 40 9 0 3 0 59 2 1 18 Average expenditures for fuel, light, and re$90.61 frigeration, total-___ _______ _ 23.64 Winter1. . . ____ ______ ____ 18.92 Spring 1 ______________________ Summer1__________ ______ _ 20.40 27. 65 Fall1________________________ Electricity___ _. ____ _______ _ _ 24.33 6.42 Winter. __ _ _ ____ ________ Spring___ _________________ 5.88 Summer___ ___ .__ __ ___ _____ 5. 75 Fall_________________________ 6.28 Anthracite__ __ __ _____ __ 2.23 W inter.___ _ _ ___________ .40 Spring. _ _ _ _ _ ______ __ ____ .41 Summer ___ . ______ _ _ _ __ .44 Fall_________________________ .98 Bituminous coal.__ _ __ _ _ __ 26.69 Winter__ __________ _ _____ 9.12 Spring______ ___ __ _____ 3. 62 Summer... _ _____ ___ ______ _ 2. 71 Fall_________________________ 11.24 Coke.____ _____ ____________ 4.72 Briquets_____ _ ___ __ _ _____ (2) Wood____________ _ __ ______ .10 Fuel oil________________________ .02 Winter.__ _____ _ __ _ __ ___ _ 0 _______ Spring— _________ _ .01 Summer _ _ _____ _______ __ .01 Fall_________________________ 0 Gas____ ____ ____ _ _____ _ _ _ 23.35 Winter _ _ ___ __ _ ____ ____ 6. 47 Spring______________________ _ 5. 53 Summer____ _ _ ___ _ 5.17 Fall_________________________ 6.18 Kerosene. _______ _____ _ _ ___ .28 Gasoline (not for auto)__ __ _ _ __ __ (2) Ice___ _______ _ _ ______ __ _ _ 8. 89 Winter___ ____ _ ______ ___ .17 Spring__ __________ ________ 1.74 Summer__ _ __ _. __ ___ _____ 5.50 Fall__________ _____ _________ 1.48 $87.92 $87.12 $90.74 $91.32 $81. 37 $101. 22 20.92 23.20 24. 52 19.03 22. 71 28.86 14.48 18. 59 18.28 23.91 17. 43 18.99 18. 36 20. 75 19.00 21.32 18.09 23. 67 34.16 24. 58 28.94 27.06 23.14 29.70 20. 78 23. 02 22. 50 24. 25 23. 85 30.42 5. 57 6.23 6. 05 6.20 6.13 7.95 4.89 5. 42 5.98 5.40 5.94 7. 39 4.82 5.31 5. 21 5.95 5. 66 7. 33 5.50 6.06 5.84 6.12 6.12 7. 75 6. 39 .65 1.33 3.38 0 3. 67 1.36 0 .30 0 .30 .87 2. 66 Q 1.12 0 0 .00 .14 0 .20 .75 0 1.40 2.23 .65 1.21 .83 0 1.40 29.53 25.15 29. 44 26. 30 21.52 27. 09 7. 76 9.86 10. 87 6.05 8. 08 9.88 .29 1.92 4. 05 7.85 3.04 3.32 2. 35 3.18 2.26 2. 34 4.15 1.65 19.13 10.19 12.26 10. 75 8.06 9. 74 5. 52 .48 2. 93 3.80 8. 28 6. 83 0 0 .02 0 0 0 .03 .08 .07 .02 .37 (?0) 0 0 .06 0 0 •0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .03 0 0 0 0 0 .03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21.35 22.86 24. 82 20. 77 21.73 26.09 6.05 6.29 5.54 6.98 6. 01 7. 28 5. 79 5.02 4.80 5.46 5. 26 6.19 4.76 5.07 5. 38 4. 80 4. 72 5.82 6.04 5. 74 6.67 5. 41 5.74 6.80 .62 0 0 0 0 .97 0 0 0 .08 0 (2) 9. 39 9.89 9.56 12.05 5.97 5. 78 .18 .19 .23 .11 .18 .11 1.84 1.94 1.87 2.36 1.17 1.13 5. 81 6.12 5.92 7. 46 3.70 3.58 1.64 1.56 1. 59 2.00 .99 .96 1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) are included in this total. * Less than 0.5 cent. Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 383. TABULAR SUMMARY T able 11.— F uel , light, and refrigeration expenditures, by econom ic level— 261 Contd. C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed Item All fami lies Economic level—Families spending per expendi ture unit per year Under $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 and $300 $500 $400 $600 $700 over Fuel, Light, andRefrigerationExpenditures II. Number of families in houses making payments for heat separately from rent____ 115 10 25 30 19 9 22 Number of families spending for— Electricity_______ _____________ 25 115 10 30 19 9 22 Anthracite_________ ______ ____ 2 12 1 3 3 0 3 Bituminous coal ____ _ __ _____ 7 15 86 18 23 6 17 Coke___ _ _ __ ______ ___ _____ 0 5 23 6 2 4 6 Briquets _____________ __________ 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 Wood_________________________ 4 0 1 1 0 2 0 Fuel oil________ __ _________ 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 Gas_.____ __________ ___ _ _ 25 19 112 10 29 9 20 Kerosene_____ _ _________ ___ _ 0 3 0 0 1 0 2 Gasoline (not for auto) ______________ 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Ice____________ __ _______ ____ 12 51 18 10 8 2 1 Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, total_________________ $123. 39 $109. 63 $120. 48 $114. 28 $127.01 $130. 58 $139. 26 Electricity __ _. _ ________ _ 24. 76 31.22 24.23 28. 71 27.87 40.85 30.00 Anthracite __ _ _ ________ ___ 12.89 7. 59 0 4. 67 1.87 3.71 4. 82 Bituminous coal ______ ________ 30. 83 32. 66 37. 71 47.16 35. 41 43.94 38.58 Coke___________ ____ __ __ 3.99 29. 01 16.24 0 14. 68 11.47 8. 61 Briquets___________________ __ .02 0 0 .06 0 0 0 Wood- _________ ____________ .32 .11 0 .08 .10 0 0 Fueloil—......... ............... .06 0 0 .20 0 0 0 Gas______ _ ___ _____ _____ ___ 29.38 30.30 30.70 28. 51 27. 33 31.80 29. 41 Kerosene____ ___ __________ _ _ .61 0 .44 2.82 0 0 0 Gasoline (not for auto) ______ _ _ _ (2) 0 0 0 0 0 .01 Ice____________ ____ __________ 8.49 10.85 9.27 11.15 11.79 6. 49 .85 III. Number of families in houses not making payments for heat separately from rent3___ 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 IV . Number of families in apartments making payments for heat separately from rent... 22 34 20 46 20 168 26 Number of families spending for— 22 20 34 45 20 25 Electricity______ ______ ____ ___ 166 2 2 Anthracite. _ ___ _________ _ 0 1 0 2 7 Bituminous coal ____ _______ ___ 42 19 18 ‘ 32 16 21 148 1 1 3 2 2 Coke______ _____ ____ __________ 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Briquets______ _ _______ _ ____ 0 2 1 Wood_________________________ 0 6 1 1 1 Fueloil_____________ _ __ ______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 Gas__ _____________ _________ 19 34 25 165 46 20 1 Kerosene____ _ __________ ___ _ 0 0 0 0 0 1 Gasoline (not for auto)__ _ _ ___ _ 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 Ice_________ __________________ 14 23 28 11 9 12 97 Average expenditures for fuel, light, and re frigeration, total _ _ ____ _ $88. 75 $79. 52 $81. 36 $89.81 $94. 32 $90. 37 $97.89 Electricity ________ _________ 22. 09 19.08 19.60 21.86 23. 96 24. 53 24.59 1.91 0 .13 0 4. 98 Anthracite____ ____ _ _ ______ __ 3. 47 1.47 30. 36 28. 38 31.74 25.01 29. 26 27.50 Bituminous coal __ _ 29. 05 4. 33 3.09 .90 6.06 .75 0 Coke_____ _ _ _ _____ ________ 2.05 Briquets _ ___ ___ _____ ____ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .05 .65 0 .07 .16 Wood_________________________ .15 (2) 0 0 0 0 0 Fuel oil__ ___________________ 0 0 17.52 21.59 25.83 21.82 23.63 27.54 Gas ___ ______ _________ ___ __ 23. 45 .72 0 0 0 0 Kerosene. ________ _ __ _ . . . ... 0 .08 .24 0 0 0 0 Gasoline (not for auto) _______ ____ 0 .04 8. 57 9.54 8.34 10.89 10.18 14. 44 Ice_________ ___ __________ ____ 10.37 V . Number of families in apartments not mak ing payments for heat separately from 15 12 12 13 13 66 1 rent____________________ ____ Number of families spending for— 11 13 10 1 9 9 53 Electricity____ __ ___ _______ __ __ 9 10 13 8 9 1 50 Gas.___ ______________________ 5 1 5 2 1 6 20 Ice___________________________ Average expenditures for fuel, light, and re frigeration, total---------------------------- $40. 31 $39. 40 $36. 09 $35. 67 $39.47 $33.54 $54.03 20. 34 15. 00 15. 68 20.64 18.96 20.04 25. 66 Electricity.. _ . . . . __ _____ .. _ 12.88 9.00 10.19 11.79 10. 36 11.85 19.24 Gas_____ _____________ _ 7.82 3.24 9. 35 1.65I 6.90 5.98 15.40 Ice---- --------- -------------------------------.80 0 1 2.23 2.401 0 0 All other fuel_______ ______ ____ 1.11 2 L ess th a n 0.5 cen t. 3 D e ta ile d in form ation n o t p resen ted b ecau se of sm a ll n u m b er of fam ilies in th is classification . N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 383. EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 262 T able 11.— F u el , light , and refrigeration expen ditu res , by econom ic level— Contd. C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit per year Item All fami lies Under $300 $300 to $400 $400 and over F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R e fr ig e r a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s I. All families in survey__ _____ __ _ _____ _ Number of families spending for— Electricity__ ___ _____ _ ___ __ _ ____ Anthracite _ ______ ___ __________ Bituminous coal___ ____ _____ ___ . _ __ Coke________________________________ Briquets. ________ _ ______- _____ _ __ Wood__ ________________ ___________ Fuel oil_____ ______ ___ ______ ____ _ Gas_________________________________ Kerosene--. _ __ ___ _______ ___ _ _ ___ Gasoline (not for auto) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ice__________ _________________ ____ Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, total_______ ___ _______ ______ _ Winter L ___ _ ____ - __ Spring1_____________ ______ Summer 1__ ___ _ _ _ _ __ _. _ Fall1_______________________________ Electricity_________ __ ___ ______ _____ Winter. ______ _ _________ _ _ ____ Spring __ ___ - - - - - - _______ . ____ Summer______ _ _ __ _ ________ Fall_____________________________ __ __ Anthracite ______ Winter. ___ ___ ______________ _____ Spring_______________________ _____ Summer.. __ __ __ __ ___ _ Fall________________________________ Bituminous coal____ _ _ ___ Winter., ___ _ ______ __ ______ _ Spring___ _ - _ _ ----- -- _ Summer.. _ ____ _ __ _ ________ Fall________________________________ C ok e _ - - - - - - _____ Briquets _ __ _ ______ Wood________________________________ Fueloil__ ___ - ____________ ___ ___ W inter.__ ___ _ __ Spring____ . __ ______________ Summer ___ _____ _ ____ Fall________________________________ Gas -_ _ __ _____________ -_ Winter. _ _____ __ __ Spring________ ___ _________ __ Summer _ . _ _ _______ ______ Fall________________________________ Kerosene. _ ___ _____ ___ ______________ Gasoline (not for auto) _ _ __ ______ ___ Ice. _ _ . __ Winter. _ _ ____ ___ _ __ Spring__ _ ____ ___ _ __ _______ ____ Summer.. _ . _ _ __________ Fall________________________________ 100 36 26 38 83 2 94 0 0 7 0 67 14 1 27 0 35 0 0 1 0 19 24 1 25 0 0 1 0 21 2 0 26 32 1 34 0 0 5 0 27 4 0 32 $87.15 24. 34 14.22 18. 95 29. 64 18. 75 5.00 4. 58 4. 22 4.95 2.83 .94 .63 .63 .63 28. 87 11.68 1.09 .42 15.68 0 0 .12 0 0 0 0 0 21.50 6.20 4.94 4. 52 5. 84 .48 0 14. 60 .28 2.86 9.04 2. 42 $92.14 30.20 15. 91 18. 65 27. 38 19.03 4. 99 4.56 4.54 4.94 .62 0 0 0 .62 37. 43 19.14 3. 52 .70 14.07 0 0 1.73 0 0 0 0 0 19.17 5.14 4.56 4.52 4. 95 8 1 34 92 $86. 83 27. 71 14.10 17.98 27.04 17. 62 4. 72 4.20 4.05 4. 65 .96 .24 .16 .16 .40 34.83 16. 91 2. 51 .94 14. 47 0 0 .70 0 0 0 0 0 18.09 5.07 4.15 4.00 4.87 .90 .21 13. 52 .26 2. 65 8.37 2. 24 $80.90 27.47 12.08 16. 55 24. 80 15.30 4.22 3. 54 3.42 4.12 0 0 0 0 0 36.36 18. 32 2.46 1.56 14.02 0 0 .01 0 0 0 0 0 14.49 4.18 3.15 3. 07 4.09 1.38 .57 12. 79 .24 2.51 7.92 2.12 .7 0 0 13.46 .26 2.64 8. 33 2.23 1 E x p en d itu res for coke, charcoal (or b riq u ets), w ood , kerosen e, an d gasolin e (n ot for au to) are in clu d ed in th is to ta l. N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p . 383. 263 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 1 1 . — F u e l , lig h t a n d r e fr ig e r a t i o n e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Contd. C I N C I N N A T I , O H IO — N E G R O F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed Ite m F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R efr ig er a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s II. N u m b e r of fam ilies in h o u ses m ak in g p a y m e n ts for h eat sep a ra tely from r e n t__________ ________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— E le c tr ic ity ___________________________ _______________ A n th ra cite _ ___ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __________ B itu m in o u s coal__ _____________ __ _ _ _______ ___ __ C o k e . __________________ ________________ B r iq u e ts___ _______________________ ______ ______ W o o d ___________________________________________________ F u el o il_________________________________________________ G as _______ ______ ___ ___ _________ __ . K ero sen e________________________ ___ _______ _ ___ G asolin e (n ot for au to) _______________ ________ __ I c e _________________ ________ __ ________________ __ A verage ex p en d itu res for fuel, ligh t, an d refrigeration, to ta l--. - _ __________ _____ __ ___ __ _-E le c tr ic ity ____ _____________ _____ __ ______ _ _ A n th ra cite _- _ _ _ _ _ ___ ______ _____________ B itu m in o u s coal--_ _ __ __ ___ _ _ _____________ C o k e__________ _ __________________________________ _____________ B r iq u e ts__________________________ W o o d ___________________________________________________ F u el o il_________________________________________________ _______________ ____________ ____________ G as_ _ K e r o sen e . _________ . . ________________ __________ G asolin e (n ot for au to) _ _ _ ____ ____ _______ I c e . . . __ _________________ ____________ _______ III. N u m b e r of fam ilies in h o u ses n o t m ak in g p a y m e n ts for h ea t sep ara tely from ren t 3__ _____ ____________ IV . N u m b e r of fam ilies in a p artm en ts m ak in g p a y m e n ts for h ea t sep a ra tely from ren t_________________ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— E le c tr ic ity ___ _______ ______________________ ___ A n th ra cite ___________- _____ ______________ _________ B itu m in o u s coal_____________________ ______ - ____ C o k e ________________ __ _________________________ __ B riq u ets __ _ __ __ __ __ ______ ______ ______ W o o d ___________________________________________________ F u e l o il_________ ______ __ -_ ______ __ __ G as _ -------------- _ -_ ------------------- --K erosen e _______________________ - ______ _________ ____________________ __ __ G asolin e (n ot for au to) I c e .. . -_ _______ __ - . _____________________ A verage ex p en d itu res for fuel, ligh t, an d refrigeration, to ta l _ . -_- __ --_ __ -_ -_ _ __ E le c tr ic ity ___ _____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ A n th ra cite ______ __ __ __ ___ _ _____ B itu m in o u s c o a l _____ _ ___ _______ __ C oke__ __ ________________________ ___________ __ B riq u ets _______ ___ _________ _____ _______ __ _ _ W o o d ___________________________________________________ F u el o il_________________________________________________ G a s ___________ ______________________________________ K e r o s e n e ... . . . _ . . . _______ _________ ____ _ G asolin e (n ot for a u t o ) ___. . . __________ ______ __ Ic e . _ _ __ _ _______________________________ _ V . N u m b e r of fam ilies in a p artm en ts n o t m a k in g p a y m en ts for h eat sep ara tely fron ren t 3__ . . . _______ E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year A ll fam i lies U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 an d over 26 23 0 26 0 0 3 0 18 3 1 23 11 9 0 11 0 0 1 0 5 2 1 11 4 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 4 11 10 0 11 0 0 2 0 9 1 0 8 $98. 45 21.76 0 41. 34 0 0 .39 0 19. 76 .98 .80 13. 42 $92.84 19. 68 0 42. 82 0 0 .05 0 14.10 1.61 1.87 12. 71 $94.10 20. 38 0 24.08 0 0 0 0 24.76 0 0 24.88 $105. 60 24. 32 0 46.13 0 0 .8 8 0 23. 60 .7 2 0 9.95 1 69 55 2 67 0 0 4 0 45 11 0 66 0 24 17 0 24 0 0 0 0 13 6 0 22 0 22 20 1 21 0 0 1 0 17 2 0 22 1 23 18 1 22 0 0 3 0 15 3 0 22 $84. 40 15. 74 1. 41 34. 32 0 0 .86 0 17. 48 .93 0 13. 66 $75. 91 13. 00 0 34.91 0 0 0 0 14.08 1.34 0 12.58 $85. 86 18. 47 3.33 29. 73 0 0 .14 0 20. 90 .5 6 0 12.73 $91. 83 15. 98 1.03 38.11 0 0 2. 45 0 17. 76 .84 0 15. 66 4 1 0 3 3 D e ta ile d in form ation n o t p resen ted b ecau se of sm a ll n u m b er of fam ilies in th is classification . N o tes on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p. 383. 5 3 4 8 5 °— 40- -18 264 EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION T able 11*— F u e l , lig h t , a n d r e fr ig e r a t i o n e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Contd, C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S A ll fam i lies Item F u el , L ig h t, a n d R efr ig er a tio n E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per yea r U n d er $300 to $300 $400 $400 to $500 $500 to $600 $600 to $700 $700 to $800 $800 an d ov er E x p e n d itu r e s A ll fam ilies in su r v e y _______________________ 66 490 35 82 83 106 44 74 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— E le c tr ic ity -______ _____ __________ ____ 62 81 477 35 80 106 43 70 A n th ra cite_________________ __ ---------------2 2 1 8 1 1 1 0 B itu m in o u s co a l__________________ ________ 50 84 67 37 383 69 27 49 C o k e ______________ _ __ . ___ - -14 1 1 5 2 3 1 1 B r iq u e ts---------------------------------------------------0 1 0 1 0 4 0 2 W o o d _______________________________________ 2 2 4 1 2 16 3 2 F u el o il__________________________ ______ . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 G a s---------------------------------- --------------------80 34 106 79 44 475 70 K er o sen e __________ __ ___________________ 1 1 0 0 2 6 1 1 G a solin e (n o t for a u to )___________________ 1 1 1 1 2 6 0 0 Ic e _________________ - ---------------------------44 69 88 68 361 31 25 36 A verage exp en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, an d refrigeration, t o t a l ____ __ ___________ $108. 02 $107.35 $106.40 $111. 74 $112.89 $108. 00 $115. 20 $95. 02 W in ter 1_________________________ _____ 35.18 37.09 37.18 34. 04 36.88 35.28 36. 54 30.96 S p rin g i......... ............. ............................... 19.68 16.79 19.48 21.26 21.14 17.78 21.97 17.73 S u m m er 1_________ _____________________ 20.50 17.67 18. 78 21.37 21.78 22.54 22.27 18.12 F a ll i _____________________________________ 32.66 35.80 30.96 35.07 33.09 32. 40 34.42 28. 21 E le c tr ic ity ----------------- _•------------------------------ 25.44 23.18 23.79 24.79 25. 57 27. 37 28. 57 25. 49 W in te r ___________________________________ 7.03 6.42 6.76 7.01 6.97 7.63 7.75 6. 78 S p rin g ___ ______ ______ _______ - _ 6.09 5.36 5.64 5.89 6.25 6.45 6.79 6.29 S u m m e r _______ _____________ _________ 5. 71 5.17 5.17 5.40 5. 81 6.12 6.59 5.98 F a ll_______________________________________ 6. 61 6.23 6.22 6.49 6. 54 7.17 7.44 6.44 A n th r a c ite _________________________________ .68 .44 1.02 .97 .40 1.20 .99 0 W in te r _______ ______ __ .53 0 .25 .6 0 .23 .23 .33 0 S p rin g ----------------------------------------------------.09 0 0 0 .23 .26 0 0 S u m m e r_____________ ___________ _____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 F a ll___________ _____ _____________________ .34 .21 .6 0 .56 .18 .40 .66 0 B itu m in o u s c o a l___________________________ 42. 52 38. 65 42.00 43.03 46.08 42.24 48.14 37.11 W in te r . ______ __ __ --------------------------- 18. 31 18.27 20.63 16. 41 20.19 17.72 19.70 16.06 S p rin g . ________________________ _____ 4.97 2.92 4.98 5. 33 3.77 7.07 4.08 5.88 S u m m er____ „ _ _ ________________ 1.46 3.02 3.49 5.23 4.44 2.69 3.00 0 F a ll_______________________________________ 16. 24 17. 46 14.93 17.72 17.07 15.52 16.93 14.28 C oke__ ___________________________________ .59 1.08 2.34 .95 .26 3.08 1.10 .31 B r iq u e ts—. ________________________________ .24 0 .18 0 .01 0 0 .96 W o o d __________ ___________ _ ____________ .17 .0 7 .1 0 .2 0 .1 0 .27 .1 7 .1 2 F u el oil____________________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 W in te r ______ ______ ____ _________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S p rin g —. _______ __ _________ _ ___ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S u m m e r _____ __________________ ________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 F a ll_______________________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G as___ __ _____________ ______________ ___ 26. 95 29.64 27.88 29.22 27.94 24.44 26.29 22. 87 W in te r .. _______________ _____________ 8. 67 10.17 8.95 9. 68 8.88 8. 05 7.92 6.97 S p rin g_____ ________________________ _ 6.29 6.11 6.5 2 6.73 6. 93 5. 41 6.04 5. 71 S u m m er__________________________________ 4.96 4.93 5.1 0 5.16 5.18 4.7 0 5.12 4.40 F a ll_______________________________________ 7.03 8.43 7.31 7.65 6. 95 6.28 7. 21 5.79 K e r o s e n e _______ __________________ .04 .24 0 .0 4 (2) .0 2 0 .0 2 G asolin e (n ot for a u t o ) ___________________ (2) .01 0 .04 .01 (2) .03 0 Ic e _________________ _____________ 10.96 12.23 11. 36 12. 52 11.68 10.19 9.89 8.14 W in te r_____ ________ ____________ __ _ .21 .23 .22 .24 .22 .19 .19 .15 S p rin g___________________________ 2.15 2. 40 2.23 2. 45 2.29 2.00 1.94 1 .6 0 S u m m er__________ ____ __________________ 6.78 7.5 7 7.03 7.75 7.23 6. 31 6.12 5.0 4 F a ll.................. .......................................................... 1.82 2.03 1.88 2.0 8 1.94 1.69 1.64 1.35 1 E x p en d itu res for coke, charcoal (or b r iq u e ts), w oo d , kerosen e, an d gasolin e (n ot for au to) are in clu d ed in th is to ta l. * L ess th a n 0.5 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 383 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 265 1 1 . — F u e l , lig h t, a n d r e fr ig e r a t i o n e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — C ontd. Ite m C L E V E L A N D , O H IO — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year A ll fa m i U n d er $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 to lies to to to to an d $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 ov er F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R efr ig er a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s II. N u m b e r of fam ilies in h o u ses m ak in g p a y m e n ts for h ea t sep a ra tely from r e n t,. 187 20 37 31 32 27 25 15 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— E le c tr ic ity _________________________________ 186 20 24 15 37 31 32 27 A n th ra cite _________________________________ 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 18 13 175 35 24 B itu m in o u s c o a l________ __________________ 29 31 25 8 1 1 1 C o k e ______________________________ _________ 0 4 0 1 0 3 0 2 0 B r iq u e ts____________________________________ 1 0 0 2 9 0 1 1 1 1 W o o d _______________________________________ 3 0 0 0 0 F u el o il_____________________________________ 0 0 0 0 15 185 19 G a s_________________________________________ 37 31 31 25 27 5 1 1 1 1 1 K e ro sen e___________________________________ 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 G asolin e (n ot for a u to )___________________ 132 12 9 18 31 Ic e __________________________________________ 23 24 15 A verage ex p en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, an d refrigeration, to ta l______________________ $127. 46 $115. 32 $119.08 $130. 08 $137. 58 $133.85 $124.08 $131. 71 E le c tr ic ity _________________________________ 28. 22 23. 72 26.02 26.48 29. 81 32.88 28.78 30.73 .23 0 0 0 0 1.73 0 A n th ra cite_________________________________ 0 B itu m in o u s c o a l__________________________ 57. 52 48. 37 53.24 60.40 63.68 59. 21 59.79 54. 30 1.64 2.75 0 C o k e _______________________________________ .53 0 6.04 1.94 1.55 4.6 7 0 .0 3 0 B r iq u e ts____________________________________ .38 0 0 0 W o o d _______________________________________ .2 7 0 .18 .23 .19 .16 .6 8 .1 9 0 0 0 0 F u el o il_____________________________________ 0 0 0 0 G a s_________________________________________ 28. 58 26.96 27.60 31.42 30.85 27.25 24.98 30.83 .0 8 K ero sen e___________________________________ .04 0 . 13 .0 8 .5 6 0 .0 3 0 .0 4 0 0 0 0 0 G asolin e (n ot for a u to )___________________ (2) Ic e __________________________________________ 10. 53 13. 44 11. 96 11.06 12.49 7.79 6.64 9.28 H I . N u m b e r of fam ilies in h ou ses n o t m a k in g p a y m e n ts for h eat sep a ra tely from 2 0 1 1 1 0 r e n t 3__________________________________________ 5 0 IV . N u m b e r of fam ilies in a p artm en ts m a k in g p a y m e n ts for h eat sep a ra tely from 38 r en t_________________________________________ 45 29 15 251 15 38 71 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— 38 45 29 15 E le c tr ic ity _________________________________ 251 15 38 71 0 1 0 1 1 2 2 A n th ra cite_________________________________ 7 36 13 B itu m in o u s c o a l___________________________ 9 33 56 38 25 210 0 1 1 1 2 1 0 6 C o k e _______________________________________ 1 0 0 2 1 0 B r iq u e ts____________________________________ 0 0 2 1 1 1 4 0 1 W o o d _______________________________________ 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 F u el o il_____________________________________ 0 38 38 45 29 15 15 71 G a s_________________________________________ 251 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 K e ro sen e___________________________________ 0 1 1 2 0 0 1 5 G asolin e (n ot for a u to )___________________ 22 11 22 13 33 62 40 Ic e __________________________________________ 203 A verage ex p en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, an d refrigeration, to ta l______________________ $107. 97 $96. 73 $107.41 $106.98 $106. 21 $109. 75 $115.71 $112.42 E le c tr ic ity _________________________________ 24. 38 22. 47 23.12 23.98 24. 52 25. 66 27.39 24.78 0 .92 0 2. 82 1.54 .95 1.79 A n th ra cite _________________________________ 1.17 B itu m in o u s co a l__________________________ 40.16 25. 68 38. 81 37. 87 39. 69 41.00 41.56 50.85 0 1.38 0 C o k e_______________________________________ 1.79 1.27 1.19 .48 .8 8 .0 3 0 0 0 .54 0 0 B r iq u e ts____________________________________ .0 9 .1 3 .19 W o o d _______________________________________ . 17 .05 .2 2 .07 0 . 13 0 0 F u e l o il_____________________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 G a s_________________________________________ 29.09 33.20 31.60 28. 89 28. 28 27.56 29.87 27.17 .0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 K e ro sen e___________________________________ (2) .09 0 .0 4 .01 .0 2 0 0 .01 G asolin e (n ot for a u to )___________________ 16. 56 9.4 6 Ic e __________________________ ________________ 12. 05 10. 60 11.07 13.28 11.34 13. 22 V . N u m b e r of fam ilies in ap a rtm en ts not m a k in g p a y m e n ts for h e a t sep ara tely 4 19 9 4 5 6 from r e n t___________________________________ 47 0 N u m b e r fam ilies sp e n d in g for— 4 17 4 4 6 5 0 40 E le c tr ic ity _________________________ _____ 17 4 4 3 6 5 39 0 G a s__________ _____ _________________________ 4 2 3 3 6 23 0 5 I c e ................................................................................... A verage exp en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, an d 0 $40. 36 $54. 55 $32. 65 $35. 42 $58. 07 $40.01 refrigeration, to ta l______________________ $41.16 0 18. 33 26.26 12. 95 19. 36 31.88 25. 45 E le c tr ic ity _________________________________ 22.66 0 10. 75 18.12 11.80 8. 71 21.00 10.41 G a s_________________________________________ 11.83 0 11.28 10.17 7.90 7. 35 5.1 9 4.1 5 Ic e __________________________________________ 6.67 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A ll oth er fu e l____ __________________________ 2 L ess th a n 0.5 cen t. 3 D e ta ile d in form ation n o t p resen ted b ecau se of sm a ll n u m b er of fa m ilies in th is classification . N o te s o n th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 383. 266 T able EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 1 1 . — F u e l , lig h t, a n d r e fr ig e r a t i o n e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Contd. C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H IT E F A M I L IE S A ll fam ilies Item F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R e fr ig e r a tio n E co n o m ic lev el— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over E x p e n d itu r e s . A ll fam ilies in s u r v e y . _______ _ _ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for: E le c tr ic ity __ __ _ _ _ _ _______ __ A n th ra cite. _________ . . . B itu m in o u s coal__ . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ . .. C o k e ______ __ . ______ ________ ___________ _ B r iq u e ts. __ ___ . ______ __ _ __ __ _ W o o d ________________________________________________ F u el o il_______ ____ ___ __ __ _ _________ _ _ G a s______ . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ K ero sen e_____ __ _ _ _______ _____________ _ G asolin e (n ot for a u to )___ _______ __ ___ _ _ Ice_._ _ _______ __ _ _ _______ __ _ _ __ __ A verage exp en d itu res for fuel, lig h t, an d refrigeration , to tal ___ __ _______ ___ __ __ W in ter i_ _______ _____________ _________ ___ _ S pring i ___ _______ _____________ _ -----S u m m e r 1 _______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __. F a ll i ______________________________________________ E le c tr ic ity __________________________________ _____ __ W in te r ___ _ _ __________ ______ __ ___ ___ _ S p rin g . ___ __ _ _ _______________________ Sum m er. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ F a ll________________________________________________ A n th ra cite __ W in te r ___ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ ___ S p rin g_____________ __ ______ _ _ _________ _ Sum m er. ______ _ _ _ _ F a ll________________________________________________ B itu m in o u s c o a l . ______ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ W in te r . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S p rin g . ___ _______________ _____________________ S u m m e r . __ _________________________________ _ F a ll________________________________________________ C oke_ _____ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ B r iq u e ts____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ W o o d ________________________________________________ F u el o il______________________________________________ W in te r . _ _ _ _ __ ___ ___ S p rin g _______ ___________ ____________ . . . ____ S u m m e r______ __ _ _ _________ __ _ _ F a ll________________________________________________ Gas_ _ _ _ _. ______ ._ _ _. _ _ W in te r . _ _ _ _ ______ S p r in g _________ __ _______ ______________________ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _____ S u m m e r ______ F a ll________________________________________________ K e ro sen e_____________ ___ _________ __________ G asolin e (not for a u to )___ __ Ic e _________ __________________________________________ W i n t e r ____________ ______________________ ___ S p r in g ____________________________________________ S u m m e r .____________ __ _ ___ ______________ _ F a ll________________________________________________ 266 255 0 244 4 0 1 0 247 7 1 190 48 46 0 46 1 0 0 0 43 2 0 44 55 52 0 51 1 0 1 0 48 4 1 49 95 89 0 87 1 0 0 0 88 0 0 63 68 68 0 60 1 0 0 0 68 1 0 34 $108.17 32. 76 21.99 21. 21 32. 21 30. 03 8.04 7.21 7.13 7. 65 0 0 0 0 0 34.94 14. 69 4. 30 1.43 14. 52 .75 0 .01 0 0 0 0 0 29. 14 9. 22 6. 66 5.66 7.60 .51 .12 12. 67 .33 3.64 6.76 1.94 $98.44 27. 63 21.65 20. 70 28. 46 23.44 6.45 5.58 5. 27 6.14 0 0 0 0 0 32.08 12. 58 5.50 1. 62 12. 38 .37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26. 59 8.08 5. 82 5. 36 7. 33 1.24 0 14.72 .21 4.44 8.14 1.93 $101. 30 28. 60 19. 46 20. 87 32. 37 26. 22 7.13 6.15 6. 02 6. 92 0 0 0 0 0 33. 86 13. 36 3. 72 1.17 15. 61 .62 0 .03 0 0 0 0 0 24. 62 7.09 5. 51 5.13 6. 89 1.03 .64 14.28 .26 3. 65 8.08 2.29 $107. 53 33. 32 21.11 20. 97 32.13 31.58 8. 40 7.74 7.64 7.80 0 0 0 0 0 35.89 16.14 3. 56 1.47 14. 72 .67 $121. 69 39.05 25.58 22. 21 34.85 35.60 9.40 8. 50 8.60 9.10 0 0 0 0 0 36.55 15.24 4. 98 1.47 14. 86 1.23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37.68 12.93 8. 86 6.47 9.42 .32 0 10. 31 .40 3.08 5. 36 1.47 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26. 97 8.39 6.18 5. 55 6.85 0 0 12.42 .39 3.63 6. 31 2.09 1 E x p en d itu res for coke, charcoal (or b riq u ets), w ood , kerosene, an d gasolin e (n ot for au to) are in clu d ed in th is total. N o te s on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 383. TABULAR SUMMARY T able 11.— 267 F u e l , lig h t, a n d r e fr ig e r a t i o n e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Contd. C O L U M B U S , O H IO — W H IT E F A M I L I E S — C on tin u ed A ll fam ilies Item F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R efr ig er a tio n E co n o m ic lev el— F a m ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $300 $300 to $400 $400 to $600 $600 an d over E x p e n d itu r es II. N u m b e r of fam ilies in h ou ses m ak in g p a y m en ts for h eat sep a ra tely from ren t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _____ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for: E le c tr ic ity _________________________________ _ _ _ A n th ra cite__________ _____ __ _______ __ B itu m in o u s c o a l_________________________________ _ C o k e _____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ___ _ B r iq u e t s _________ ___________ ____________ _ ___ _ W o o d ________________________________________________ F u el o il________________ __ __________________ _____ Gas__ ____________ _______________ __ __________ K e r o sen e____________________ ______________________ G asolin e (n ot for auto)__ _ _ ___ ___ ________ Ic e _______ ________ ______ ______ __ ___ _ -------------A verage exp en d itu res for fuel, ligh t, an d refrigeration , to ta l_______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _____ E le c tr ic ity __________ ________________ __ _________ A n th ra cite _____________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ B itu m in o u s c o a l, _ _ _ _ _ __ __________ _ C o k e _________________________________________________ B r iq u e ts . __ _______ ______________________ _____ W o o d ________________________________________________ F u e lo il.. ___ _ G a s— __________ _ ------------------ ------------K e ro sen e______ ____________ G a solin e (n ot for auto)_ _ _ _ _________ Ic e ________ _ . _____ _ I II . N u m b e r of fam ilies in h o u ses n o t m ak in g p a y m en ts for h eat sep a ra tely from ren t 3_ ____________ IV . N u m b e r of fam ilies in ap artm en ts m ak in g p a y m en ts for h eat sep a ra tely from ren t - _ _ N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for: E le c tr ic ity ______________________ __ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ A n th ra cite________________ ______ __ B itu m in o u s c o a l. _____________ __ ___ __ _ _ C o k e ____ __ B r iq u e ts______________ _______ _______________ _ _ W o o d ___ ______ _______ _______________ _______ F u e lo il__________ ___________ ____________ _ _ _ Gas__ _______ _ __ _ _ K er o sen e ____ __ _ _____ _____ G asolin e (n ot for a u to )_ _ __________ Ic e _ _ _ ______ __ _ _ ____________ _ __ A verage exp en d itu res for fuel, ligh t, an d refrigera tion , to ta l _ _ E le c tr ic ity — _ _ _ _____________________ A n th ra cite _ _ _________________________ B itu m in o u s coal __ ______ _ _ __ C o k e ______ ___ __ ___ ______________________ _ B r iq u e ts .. ______________ ______ __________________ W o o d ________________________________________________ F u e lo il.— ________________ __ _________ _________ Gas__ _ ___ ___ _______________ __ ______________ K e r o sen e__________ ___ ____________________________ G a solin e (not for a u to )_____________________________ Ic e _______________ _______ _________________________ V . N u m b e r of fam ilies in ap artm en ts not m ak in g p a y m e n ts for h eat sep ara tely from r e n t 3___________ 195 194 0 188 4 0 1 0 188 7 1 140 38 37 0 38 0 0 0 0 35 2 0 36 39 39 0 38 1 0 1 0 35 4 1 36 68 68 0 65 1 0 0 0 67 0 0 44 50 0 47 2 0 0 0 51 1 0 24 $114. 59 32. 12 0 38. 12 .93 0 .01 0 29.98 . 71 . 18 12. 54 $103. 38 24. 38 0 35. 47 0 0 0 0 26. 60 1.55 0 15. 38 $111. 40 29. 59 0 37. 25 .88 0 .0 4 0 25. 57 1. 47 .88 15. 72 $113. 84 34.17 0 38.94 .94 0 0 0 28. 84 0 0 10. 95 $126. 57 37.18 0 39. 68 1. 67 0 0 0 37. 54 .43 0 10. 07 1 59 56 0 53 1 0 0 0 56 0 0 42 0 9 9 0 8 1 0 0 0 9 0 0 7 0 12 12 0 12 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 11 1 21 19 0 20 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 15 0 17 16 0 13 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 9 $101. 46 27. 81 0 30.00 .30 0 0 0 30. 99 0 0 12. 36 $86.58 22. 10 0 21. 30 1.99 0 0 0 29.49 0 0 11.70 $93. 81 21.92 0 32. 79 0 0 0 0 28.44 0 0 10. 66 $103.12 29. 93 0 32. 58 0 0 0 0 26.11 0 0 14. 50 $112. 69 32. 37 0 29.46 0 0 0 0 39.60 0 0 11. 26 6 1 2 3 0 3 D e ta ile d in form ation n ot p resen ted becau se of sm a ll n u m b er of fam ilies in th is classification . N o tes on th is tab le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 383. 50 268 T able EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 1 1 . — F u e l , lig h t, a n d r e fr ig e r a tio n e x p e n d i t u r e s , h y e c o n o m i c level — C ontd. D E T R O I T , M I C H .— W H I T E F A M I L I E S Item A ll fam i lies E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g per ex p e n d i tu re u n it per year 0 U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $70 an d $300 $400 $500 $700 $600 over F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R efr ig er a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s 508 75 A ll fam ilies in su r v e y _____________ __ _____ 101 122 76 100 124 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp e n d in g for— 523 73 112 84 E le c tr ic ity . __ ________ ________ 97 63 94 16 16 A n th ra cite ________ 70 11 12 6 9 283 50 67 60 B itu m in o u s co a l___ __ . ______ - 37 30 39 187 15 25 38 41 38 C ok e ___ - -- ___ 30 1 1 0 0 0 B r iq u e ts _ ____________________ - ___-0 0 12 13 91 22 18 12 14 W ood ___________________________________ 3 0 1 1 0 F u e l oil . __ _ ________________ __ - 1 0 66 510 96 110 83 63 92 G as ______ ___________ ___________ 3 2 10 2 1 K ero sen e ____________________ - - ___ 0 2 10 1 0 G a so lin e (n ot for a u to )______ ____ ____ 1 1 0 0 384 57 79 89 I c e __________ _______________________ ______ 61 49 49 A verage e x p en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, an d refrigeration , to ta l ________________ . . $114.00 $116.76 $125. 58 $121.04 $107. 44 $120. 66 $97. 65 37. 22 38.86 41.25 39. 46 34.60 38. 02 32. 61 W in te r 1 _______ ____ 21.76 21.72 23.49 22.70 21.42 21.36 20. 01 S p r in g 1 _____ _ _____ ____________ 21. 23 S u m m er i _ _ _____ ___________________ 21.30 24.06 22.95 19.40 24. 75 16. 60 33. 79 34. 88 36. 78 35.93 32. 02 36. 53 28. 43 F a ll L _ _____________________________ 26. 37 26. 59 28.20 27.15 24. 23 27. 32 25. 21 E le c tr ic ity - - _. - ______ W in te r _ _________ ______ __ _ _ 7.24 7.2 0 7. 84 7. 40 6. 55 7. 37 7. 11 S p rin g __ _______ _ _________ 6. 27 6. 34 6.67 6. 50 5. 83 6. 53 5.88 6.3 4 S u m m er _ _ _ ________ __ 6. 27 6. 72 6.46 5. 92 6. 54 6. 21 6. 52 6. 78 F a ll _____________________________________ 6.9 7 6. 79 5. 93 6. 88 6. 01 7.0 0 A n th ra cite _____ _________ __ ___ 11.22 6. 02 7. 57 8. 22 4. 34 5. 35 W in te r _ _______ __ ______ __ 2. 82 3. 95 2. 27 3.5 9 3. 33 1. 61 2.17 S p rin g . . . __________ _________ 1.26 1.92 1.00 1.30 1.44 1. 20 .7 3 . 44 1.28 S u m m er _ __ _ _____ .2 2 .3 9 .21 . 13 .8 2 2. 48 4. 07 F a ll _______________________________ 2. 36 2. 46 3. 32 1.77 1.18 B itu m in o u s coal__ _____ __ ______ __________ 28.08 34.24 38.96 28. 36 20.28 28.68 21.15 W in ter _____________ _____ _ _ _ 13. 12 16. 71 17. 57 12. 81 9. 22 14.05 10.20 4. 46 4. 72 S p rin g _ __________ _____ 6. 02 4. 26 3. 42 4.11 4. 31 S u m m e r ..______________ _______ __ __ _. .6 6 .3 5 1.43 .3 9 .09 1.38 .50 9.8 4 F a ll ___________________i ________ 12. 46 13.94 10.90 7. 55 9.1 4 6.14 18. 94 9 .4 0 14. 37 20. 95 22. 80 24.89 19. 71 C ok e ________ __ _ _____ ________ ________ .0 2 . 13 B r iq u e ts__ __ _________ - - __________ 0 0 0 0 0 .7 4 .8 0 .76 W ood _ _ _ _________ - ____ ________ .95 .89 .61 .49 . 15 .08 _______ - ____________ F u el oil __ _____ 0 . 16 0 .92 0 W in te r ______ __ _ __ . 06 .03 0 0 0 .4 6 0 S p rin g _ . _______ ______ __ .0 3 .03 0 0 0 .23 0 S u m m e r ._______ _____ _________ _ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 6 .0 2 . 16 F a ll __________________________________ 0 0 .23 0 22.82 26. 33 26.50 24. 99 20.31 22. 48 18.00 G as _____________ ______ ______________ __ . . . W in t e r _____________ _____________________ 5. 53 6. 54 6. 07 6. 44 4.82 5. 51 4 .4 0 S p rin g . _ _ __ . _________ 5. 65 6.18 6. 57 6. 56 4.93 5.49 4. 52 6.0 2 S u m m er_________ . __ _______________ __ 6. 76 6. 55 7. 02 5.50 5.97 4 .7 0 5.6 2 6. 46 6.1 9 F a ll_________________________________________ 6. 48 5.0 6 5. 51 4.38 .2 0 .4 9 .1 2 K erosen e _______ ____ ______ __ _ _____ .53 0 0 .1 3 G asolin e (n o t for a u to )_________ ____________ .01 .05 .0 4 .01 0 0 (2) 9. 67 7. 47 10.10 10.94 10.61 11. 42 7. 61 Ice _ _________________ ______ __ _ . . .1 6 .13 0 .2 6 W in te r ________ ______ ____ ____________ .21 .2 0 .1 7 1. 64 .8 2 1. 56 1.63 S p rin g_________ _ ______ __ ____________ 2.1 4 2.2 6 1. 44 6. 21 S u m m er_________ ____ ________ ______ _ _ 5.83 6.9 4 7.1 2 6. 36 6.7 2 4. 52 1. 66 .6 9 1.60 F a ll_________________________________________ 1.90 2. 24 1.4 8 1.93 1 E x p en d itu r e s for coke, charcoal (or b r iq u e ts), w oo d , kerosene, an d gasolin e (n o t for au to ) are in clu d ed in th is to ta l. 2 L ess th a n 0.5 cen t. N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 383. . TABULAR SUMMARY T able 1 1 .— 269 F u e l , lig h t, a n d r e fr ig e r a t i o n e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — C ontd. D E T R O I T , M I C H — W H I T E F A M I L I E S — C o n tin u ed E c o n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p e n d i tu re u n it per year Item fa m i lies U n d er $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $300 $500 $400 $600 $700 $700 an d over F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R efr ig er a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s II. N u m b e r of fam ilies in h o u ses m a k in g p a y304 48 61 m e n ts for h eat sep a ra tely from rent___ _ 63 50 39 43 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— 48 62 61 E le c tr ic ity ___________________________________ 50 303 39 43 12 6 42 7 10 A n th ra cite____ _ _ ________ _____ _________ 3 4 42 33 35 B itu m in o u s c o a l __________________ __ 180 26 20 24 7 15 24 102 C o k e _ _ ____________ _ _________ ____ 19 16 21 0 0 0 0 0 B r iq u e ts________________ _ ______________ 0 0 6 8 10 49 11 W o o d ________________________________________ 7 7 1 0 0 2 0 F u e l o il_______________________________________ 1 0 43 59 62 292 49 G a s_________________________ _________ 37 42 2 2 1 8 1 K ero sen e_____________ _____________ ____0 2 0 0 0 0 0 G a solin e (n o t for a u to )____ _________________ 0 0 39 52 47 37 229 Ic e ______ _____ ________________________________ 28 26 A verage ex p en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, and refrigeration, to ta l. _ _________ ______ $139.84 $126. 23 $139. 81 $141. 27 $138. 87 $147. 27 $147. 50 E le c tr ic ity ________________ _ ___________ 30.78 28. 74 30. 77 29.97 30.59 33.45 32.08 6.15 6.65 14. 72 A n th ra cite_____ ______ ______________________ 8. 68 12. 70 4. 51 7. 57 39. 07 44.04 36. 35 31.20 38. 39 39.02 B itu m in o u s co a l. __________ _______ 38.11 22.24 17.17 27. 97 23.00 28.23 30. 62 C o k e _________________________________________ 8.00 0 0 B r iq u e ts____________________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 .84 1.41 W o o d _________________________________________ .48 .93 .63 .88 .6 7 .24 F u el o il_______________________________________ .1 3 0 0 0 1.76 0 27. 41 28.41 28.63 28. 75 25.78 27.40 24. 52 G a s_____________________ _______ _ _____ .41 .90 .19 K ero sen e. __ . . . _______ _______ ___ _ .7 6 .10 0 .3 8 G asolin e (n ot for a u to )_____ . . . . . . __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.22 10. 76 12.07 11.13 7.94 12. 65 12.64 I c e _______________________ ________________ III . N u m b e r of fam ilies in h ou ses n o t m ak in g 0 0 p a y m e n ts for h ea t sep a ra tely from r e n t 3___ 3 0 0 1 2 I V . N u m b e r of fam ilies in a p artm en ts m a k in g 24 44 178 33 p a y m e n ts for h eat sep a r a te ly from r e n t ... 25 21 31 N u m b er of fam ilies sp en d in g for— 24 32 43 175 E le c tr ic ity ______________ ___________________ 25 20 31 5 9 28 4 2 3 5 A n th ra cite___________________________________ 24 97 23 B itu m in o u s coal __ ____________ __ ____ 16 9 9 16 79 9 14 8 . . . ... 18 13 17 C o k e .. ____________ 0 1 1 0 B r iq u e ts______ _____________________________ 0 0 0 5 12 40 4 6 5 8 W o o d ________________________________________ 1 0 0 F u el o il____ __ _ . __________. . . . . . . 1 0 0 0 174 32 21 44 Ga s ____ . . . . . . . . . ._ ___________ 21 25 31 2 1 0 1 0 0 K ero sen e_______ ___________ . . . ________ 0 2 1 1 G asolin e (n ot for a u to )___. . . __ . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 121 23 32 17 16 15 Ic e ____ ___________________________________ 18 A verage ex p en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, and refrigeration, to ta l. ________ __________ _ $125. 23 $108.87 $117. 21 $120. 02 $132.18 $132. 21 $143.48 28. 22 24.16 26. 54 27. 62 26.03 27.29 36. 35 E le c tr ic ity ________ ... ... 6. 75 11.49 8. 43 9. 73 3. 45 7. 33 9. 72 A n th ra cite___ . . ______________________ B itu m in o u s c o a l.. _ ._ _ ___ _ . . . 27.95 28.45 36. 77 26.58 18. 75 25.40 29.26 24. 42 13. 39 12. 21 17.03 45. 21 36.64 31.38 C o k e . __________________ _____ __ ________ .05 0 B r iq u e ts___ _ _______ __ . . . ... .41 0 0 0 0 1.04 1.16 W o o d ________________________________________ 1.06 1.46 1.00 .98 .6 3 F u el oil _________________________ _____ .11 0 .43 0 0 0 0 24. 72 24.05 24. 95 24.87 24.30 21.24 27. 42 G a s______ __ ______________ _______ __ . . .02 .04 .04 0 0 0 0 K erosen e________________ .. ... ... G asolin e (n ot for a u t o ) ________ ______ .04 .03 0 .01 0 0 0 10. 24 Ic e . __________________________________ ______ 7.14 8. 96 10.80 13. 46 13.68 8. 31 V . N u m b e r of fam ilies in a p artm en ts n ot m ak in g p a y m e n ts for h eat sep ara tely from 44 r e n t___________________________________________ 105 4 6 15 23 13 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— 15 1 7 8 5 39 3 E le c tr ic ity ______________________ . . ____ 14 37 1 3 6 8 5 G a s______________________ __________ ... 4 I c e ____________________________________________ 34 1 10 6 5 8 A verage ex p en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, an d refrigeration, to ta l________________________ $25. 91 $23.93 $40. 33 $32.37 $19.76 $33.59 $22.93 11.01 8.63 12. 61 12.90 10.49 10.63 10.77 E le c tr ic ity _______________ _ ___________ __ 8. 51 5.7 0 15.44 7.03 8.45 7.73 5.86 G a s____ ______ _____ _____ ______________ Ic e ____________________________________________ 4.85 3.74 3. 41 5.73 2. 81 10. 55 10.32 1.42 0 8.72 3.6 5 3.02 3.11 1.73 A ll oth er fu el________ _______________ __ _ 3 D e ta ile d in form ation n o t p resen ted b ecau se of sm a ll n u m b er of fam ilies in th is classification . N o te s on th is ta b le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 383. 270 T able EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 1 1 . — F u e l , lig h t, a n d r e fr ig e r a t io n e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Contd. W H IT E F A M IL IE S G rand R a p id s, M ich . Item F u e l, L ig h t a n d R efr ig er a tio n A ll fam i lies E co n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g per ex p en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $400 to $400 $600 $600 an d over In d ia n ap o lis, In d . A ll fam i lies E co n o m ic l e v e l — F am ilies sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $400 to $400 $600 $600 an d over E x p e n d itu r e s 194 I. A ll fam ilies in su r v e y _______ __ _ ___ _ 86 74 75 34 70 203 58 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— 72 72 83 69 E le c tr ic ity ________________________________ 187 32 197 56 9 3 5 1 A n th r a c ite ______ __ __ ___ 0 1 0 1 79 164 58 61 B itu m in o u s coal _ __ _ ______ _ _ 70 27 177 46 6 13 22 4 11 C o k e _ _ ______ ______________ _____ ______ 25 6 7 0 2 B r iq u e ts ____ _____________________________ 1 3 0 0 0 0 86 40 2 35 11 2 W o o d ______________________________________ 5 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 _________ F u e lo il _______________ _ 0 0 169 66 62 G a s . _________ _____ __ ___________ 71 32 166 54 50 20 12 16 K ero sen e_________ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 3 29 11 2 G asolin e (n ot for au to) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 0 1 4 2 1 3 1 142 134 64 53 17 Ice ___ _______ _ _ _______ 63 49 30 A verage ex p en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, an d refrigeration, to ta l________________________ $121. 67 $119. 26 $125.87 $120.07 $120. 58 $116.36 $126.12 $119. 42 38.19 38. 30 39.76 34. 56 42.52 42.20 43. 66 41. 58 W in te r 1 __ _ __ _ ___ _ 26. 25 25. 47 28.14 25. 43 19. 34 18. 63 20. 62 18. 70 S p rin g L __ ________________ _ 22. 81 22. 81 23.48 21.46 22. 50 20. 25 25. 31 22. 06 S u m m er U __ _ _ _ _ _ F a ll i ____________________________________ 34. 42 32. 68 34.49 38. 62 36. 22 35.28 36. 53 37.08 26. 48 25. 69 26. 65 28.16 29.92 25.88 30. 42 34. 51 E le c tr ic ity . ______ ____________ _________ 6. 94 6. 70 6. 96 7. 53 W in te r _ _______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8. 06 7.13 8. 23 9.0 5 6. 49 6. 35 6. 49 6. 88 S p rin g . __________ _ _ _ _ 7.12 6.06 7.22 8. 37 6. 35 6.23 S u m m er _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ 6. 34 6. 65 6. 89 5. 77 6.99 8. 21 F a ll______________________________________ 6. 70 6. 41 6. 86 7.10 7. 85 6.92 7.98 8. 88 2. 42 1.30 4. 45 0 . 20 0 .89 A n th r a c ite . _____ .71 1. 55 2. 97 ___ ____ .89 0 W in te r .. _______ _ .59 0 0 0 .33 .2 2 .6 2 0 S p r in g . _ ___ _ ___ __ _ _ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 S u m m er _ _ ___ ___ _ _ _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 54 .86 .49 0 .20 0. F a ll______________________________________ 0 .71 49.59 50.98 47. 49 50. 67 53.16 53. 77 53. 40 52.10 B itu m in o u s coal . _ _ _ _ _____ 20. 62 22. 71 19.70 17.37 26.71 27. 61 25. 88 26.54 W in te r .. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______ S p rin g . __ _ __ 10. 23 9.9 6 10. 47 10. 36 4. 27 4. 87 4.18 3. 59 S u m m e r . _ _ _ ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3. 85 4. 09 3.34 4.38 3.04 1.43 4. 44 3. 44 F a ll______________________________________ 14, 89 14. 22 13. 98 18. 56 19.14 19. 86 18. 90 18. 53 5. 92 3.07 9.1 2 6.16 4. 54 2. 62 7.07 C o k e_________ ___ . __ _________ _ _ _ 4. 01 B r iq u e ts ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 34 1.24 0 0 . 28 0 0 0 W o o d ______________________________________ 1.74 3. 37 3. 72 3.73 .06 .09 .06 .03 .4 9 F u e lo il ____ _ ___ ___ _ ___________ .2 0 0 .09 0 0 0 0 . 10 0 .27 0 W in te r , _ _ ___ _______________ _ _ 0 0 0 0 S p r in g . _______ _____________ _ ___ .04 0 . 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 S u m m er __ __ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .06 0 .11 .09 0 0 F a ll______________________________________ 0 0 24. 08 24.80 23.89 22. 70 18. 83 17. 56 21.04 17. 82 G a s _ ______ ______ __ _ _ 5. 76 5. 92 5. 61 5. 67 W in te r .. _. ___ _ ______ __ 4. 87 4.64 5. 37 4. 58 S p rin g . ____________ _ ___ _______ 5. 94 6.16 5. 82 5.67 4. 61 4.14 5. 27 4. 41 S u m m er _______________ __ __ 6.16 6. 30 6. 22 5. 72 4. 56 4.22 5.10 4. 35 4. 79 4. 56 5.30 4. 48 6.22 6. 42 6.24 5. 64 F a ll______________________________________ K e r o sen e .. __________ ___ _____ .39 2. 88 1.95 1.50 2. 41 1.53 1.87 .51 .29 0 .32 G asolin e (n ot for au to) _ _____ _______ .43 .93 .76 .14 .32 7. 48 7.01 8.20 7.10 11. 57 12.80 12.04 9. 41 Ic e _________ __ ________ _____ W in te r .. __ __ ___ __________ ___ _ _ .04 0 .10 0 .22 .24 .23 .18 S p rin g ______ ______ ______ __ _ .94 .76 .91 1.48 2. 27 2. 51 2.36 1.84 5.19 5. 61 4.13 S u m m er _________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ 5.16 7.16 7.93 7.45 5. 83 1.34 1. 06 1. 58 1.49 F a ll______________________________________ 1.92 2.12 2.00 1.56 i E x p en d itu r e s for coke, charcoal (or b riq u ets), w ood , k erosen e, an d gasolin e (n ot for au to) are in clu d ed in th is to ta l. N o te s on th is tab le are in a p p en d ix A , p . 383. 271 TABULAR SUMMARY T able 1 1 . — F u e l , ligh t, a n d r e fr ig e r a t io n e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Contd. W H IT E F A M I L IE S G rand R a p id s, M ich .-—C on. Item F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R efr ig er a tio n A ll fam i lies E c o n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g per exp en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $400 to $400 $600 $600 and over In d ia n a p o lis, In d .— C on. A ll fam i lies E co n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilie s sp en d in g p e r ex p en d itu re u n it per year U n d er $400 to $400 $600 $600 an d over E x p e n d itu r e s II. N u m b e r of fam ilies in houses m ak in g 63 52 23 138 p a y m e n ts for h eat sep a ra tely from rent _ 61 164 60 43 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp en d in g for— 133 61 23 49 164 E le c tr ic ity .__ _ __ ________ . . . __ 61 60 43 3 3 0 6 1 0 A n th r a c ite _________ . . 0 1 116 58 21 37 157 60 B itu m in o u s coal . . . . _ . . . 56 41 23 5 5 13 20 3 ____ _ _ C o k e_______ 10 7 1 2 1 0 B r iq u e ts .. ______. . . . 0 0 _____ 0 0 33 70 28 9 2 5 2 W o o d ____ __ _ __________________ _ . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 F u e l o i l .. ____ _ -_ 0 0 52 118 22 44 Gas___ __ _ _______ - ------------------ -_ _ 135 43 53 39 2 9 5 16 K ero sen e___ __________ _ _ __ _ _ 29 15 12 2 0 1 5 4 4 G a solin e (not for au to) __ _ ___ 2 1 1 94 47 33 14 54 Ice. _ -__ _ _ _ 117 42 21 A verage exp en d itu res for fu el, lig h t and $124. 99 $134. 23 $138. 49 $129. 06 $120. 55 $131. 33 $138. 09 refrigeration, to ta l______________________ E le c tr ic ity _______________ __ _ ___ 27. 48 26. 02 28. 22 29. 78 30. 40 25. 63 29. 82 37. 97 2. 78 1. 77 5. 23 0 . 25 0 A n th r a c ite . __ _ _ _ _ __ _ 0 .96 53. 26 54. 28 49.31 59. 36 59.29 57.30 58.28 63. 56 B itu m in o u s coal___ ______ 7. 61 2. 92 12. 85 8.63 4. 94 2.16 7. 47 5. 41 C oke. ________ _ ---__ .41 .38 0 1.40 B r iq u e ts. ______ _ __ __ _ _ 0 0 0 0 4. 00 4.11 .1 2 4.79 1.90 W o o d ______________________________________ .0 9 .08 .04 0 0 0 F u el o il___________ _ _________ ______ 0 0 0 0 0 25. 73 26. 09 24.94 26. 51 19.24 16. 88 21.48 19. 47 G a s________ ____________ -_- ______ .54 1.50 2. 51 .71 2. 23 3. 27 2. 28 K erosen e _ _ - ---------------- __ _ .70 .41 0 1.38 .92 G asolin e (not for a u to )_ .4 7 .48 .4 4 .08 7. 56 6.91 7. 71 8. 99 12. 14 14. 27 11.84 9. 54 I c e _______________________ _______________ I II . N u m b e r of fam ilies in h ou ses n o t m a k 0 in g p a y m e n ts for h eat sep a ra tely from 0 0 0 3 1 1 1 r en t3 _ _ _ I V . N u m b e r o ffa m ilie s in a p artm en ts m a k in g p a y m e n ts for h eat sep a ra tely from 21 46 7 11 ren t_______ ______ ___ _________________ 18 20 4 5 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp e n d in g for— 20 45 7 18 10 19 E le c tr ic ity . __ ___ 4 5 1 0 2 1 0 0 A n th ra cite _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ... 0 0 42 20 5 17 19 10 B itu m in o u s coal _ __ . . . 4 5 3 1 1 1 1 1 0 C ok e __ _ 0 1 0 1 0 B r iq u e ts_ _ 0 0 0 0 17 10 2 W o o d ______________________________________ 5 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 F u el o i l . . _ _ 0 0 0 0 40 16 7 11 17 4 G a s. __ ___ 20 5 1 3 1 1 1 K erosen e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ 5 0 0 0 G a solin e (n ot for a u to ). 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 33 16 14 14 Ice__ _ _ _ _______ -_ __ _ _ 8 3 3 A v erage ex p en d itu res for fu el, lig h t, and $106. 02 $106. 40 $104. 08 $109. 87 $118.95 $119.00 $126.94 $112. 50 refrigeration, to ta l ___ _ _ ___ E le c tr ic ity _______ . _ __ __________ 24. 33 23. 91 22.23 31.01 31.00 30. 48 34.75 29.20 4. 31 0 1.89 0 3.15 0 0 A n th r a c ite , _ _ _ __ ____ _ _ 0 44. 65 44.23 43.64 48. 51 52.85 48. 85 57.61 57.80 B itu m in o u s c o a l. __ _ _ ___ 3. 84 2.13 .37 1. 54 0 3.2 4 5.88 0 C o k e _______ ______________________ _ . _ .2 2 0 0 1.43 0 0 B r iq u e ts _ _ __ 0 0 2.18 0 0 W o o d ______________________________________ 1.95 2. 60 1.11 0 0 .44 0 2.00 F u e l o i l . . ______ _ --. .85 0 0 0 0 20. 48 21. 75 20.74 16. 01 23. 37 24. 68 24.46 19. 64 G a s_ . __ _________________ ____ -_ 0 1.82 2. 31 1.88 . 16 K erosen e __ ___ _ _ _ _ __ ___ .7 7 1.43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G a solin e (not for a u to )._ __ __ ______ 0 0 7.70 7. 76 8. 96 4.28 7. 72 7. 68 10.12 5. 86 Ice. _ _ _ _ _ _ _____ _ . V . N u m b e r of fam ilies in a p artm en ts n ot m a k in g p a y m e n ts for h eat sep ara tely from 1 3 3 15 2 4 ren t 3_ _________ _______ __ _ _ _ __ _. 7 3 D e ta ile d in form ation n o t p resen ted b ecause of sm a ll n u m b er of fam ilies in th is classification . N o te s on th is ta b le are in ap p en d ix A , p. 383. EAST NORTH CENTRAL REGION 272 T able 11.— F u e l , lig h t, a n d r e fr ig e r a t io n e x p e n d i t u r e s , b y e c o n o m i c level — Contd. L a n sin g , M ic h .W h ite fa m ilies In d ia n a p o lis, In d .— N eg ro fam ilies Item A ll fam i lies E c o n o m ic l e v e l — F a m ilies sp en d in g p e r e x p e n d it u r e u n it per year U n d e r $300 to $300 $400 $400 an d over A ll fam i lies E c o n o m i c le v e l— F a m ilies sp en d in g p er e x p e n d itu r e u n it per year U n d e r $400 to $400 $600 $600 an d over F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R efr ig er a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s 101 24 145 32 I. A ll fam ilies in su r v e y __________________ _ . 45 58 48 39 N u m b e r of fam ilies sp e n d in g for— 95 41 23 136 31 55 45 E le c tr ic ity _______ __ _______ ___________ 36 21 0 0 7 0 0 7 A n th r a c ite . . . . . . . ____________________ 7 94 44 44 22 28 95 29 B it
@FedFRASER