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THE MERCHANTS’ MAGAZINE COMMERCIAL R EVIEW . C O N D U C T E D BY F R E E M A N HUNT, E D I T O R O F T H E L I B R A R Y O F C O M M E R C E , E T C . J C O R R E S P O N D IN G M E M B E R O F T H E A M E R IC A N A N D LO N D O N S T A T I S T I C A L S O C I E T I E S ; M E M B E R O F T H E N E W Y O R K H IS T O R I C A L S O C I E T Y ; H O N O R A R Y M E M B E R O F T H E M E R C A N T I L E L I B R A R Y A S S O C IA T IO N S O F N E W Y O R K , B O S T O N , B A L T I M O R E , L O U IS V IL L E , C H A R L E S T O N , A N D C IN C IN N A T I, E T C . FROM J U L Y TO D E C EM BER, 1849. iNAto Uork : PUBLISHED AT 142 1849, FULTON-STREET. CONTRIBUTORS « • ft TO THE TWENTY-FIRST VOLUME OF THE MERCHANTS’ MAGAZINE AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW. J ohn P. B rown , Esq., o f the American Legation, Constantinople, Turkey. J ean B enner, Esq,, late of.-Fn . rk. A. F rancis B rinley , E sq , ofJhb, J. B lunt, E sq , o f N ew Y ork. \ \ \ W i l l i a m B r ig h a m , Esq., o f Massachusetts. Rev. J ohn L. B lake, D. D., o f N ew Jersey. W i l l i a m D arby , Esq., author o f a “ Universal Gazetteer,” Washington, D. C. F rancis 0 . D orr , Esq., o f the N ew Y ork Bar. J ames F erguson, Esq., o f the National Observatory, Washington, D. C. C harles H. G lover , Esq., o f the N ew Y ork Bar. W illiam G regg , Esq., o f South Carolina. E dward A . H opkins, Esq., o f Vermont. R . G. H azard , Esq., o f Rhode Island. . ... * „ D avid R. Jaqves; *Esc£, ofttlje’Nevr Yofik Bar I * * • • • * * • ‘ „* \ ‘ ‘ ■ , * . • • .* ! ,* » • t • * * * G en. C. T. J.Jmes, C ivil "Engineer, o f Rhode Island.* *. * . * . * ’ •** T homas P. K ettell, Esq.; ? f N ew !Y ork. ** , • . * ; *. • *. * . • * H on. D. 0 . K ellogg, Mefehairt, Of N ew York. J oshua L eavitt, Esq., Corresponding &>>(,. h i the Boston Cheap Postage Assoi A . A . L awrence, E sq , Merchant, o f Massachusetts, D aniel L ord, E sq , o f N ew York. P ro . C. F. M’C ay , o f the University o f Georgia, E. M eriam , Esq., o f N ew York. A . N ash, Esq., o f the N ew Y ork Bar. H on. B enjamin F. P orter, o f Alabama. S. G. S ecchi de C assali, late o f Italy, now o f N ew York. F. G. S k i n n e r , Esq., o f Washington, D. C. J. B. V arnum , Esq., Member o f the A ssem bly o f N ew York. C harles C. W hitilesey , E sq , o f the St. Louis (Missouri) Bar, and F reeman H unt, Editor and Proprietor, etc. nci 311941 -Ref.' : -3 & J a ■ I N D E X TO V O L U M E X X I . , FR O M J U L Y TO D E CEM BER, IN C L U S IV E , 1849. A. Ac t o f Ne w Y o r k relating to bank dividends anddeposites...................................................... 114 A ct to encourage manufacturers in Penn........ 124 A ction on contract to deliver railroad iro n ----- 430 w t0 recover o f sureties for bonds given 649 Adulterated m edicin es......................................... 360 Agents, principals an d........................................ 534 « and factors, case o f ................................. 646 Agriculture, com m ercial importance o f.......... 692 665 Agulhas, signal staff at C ape.............................. Alabama, pu b lic lands in .................................... 107 « debt and finances o f ........................... 687 Albany, public buildings in ................................ 57 u notices o f the banks o f ......................... 561 a com m erce and population o f ............. 59 50 « history and sketch o f ............................ 44 newspapers o f ........................................ 54 44 manufactures o f , .................................... 56 Alkali, im j ’ovem ent in the manufacture o f . . 238 A lloy, a new, resembling g o ld ........................... 576 Am erican postage, statistics o f .......................... 412 « cotton manufactures in 1849.......... 628 A m m onia, manufacture o f sulphate o f ............ 238 A m oy, description, com m erce, etc., o f ............ 422 Androscoggin and K ennebeck R ailroad........ 342 Angell on the law o f carriers.............................. 306 Appraisem ent etc. o f g ood s................................. Arkansas, public lands in .................................... Astronom ical expedition to Chili...................... Atchafalaya Bay, light vessel i n ........................ 122 106 611 552 Austria, finances o f ................................................ 569 IS . B acon, New Orleans export o f .......................... Baltimore, sugar trade o f .................................... Bank o f England dividends................................ 44 loan, deposits, etc., o f .......... 44 o f France, governor’ s report in 1848-9.. 44 operations in specie o f .......... 44 loans to the treasury b y ........ 44 falling off in discounts o f the. 44 44 44 44 555 330 579 320 483 488 488 491 mutual, plan o f ............................................ 513 Lon don & W estminster, condition o f . . 455 customer, how to refuse a.......................... 457 bookkeeping, Gilbart’ s ............................... 111 Bank dividends and deposits, unclaim ed........ 114 44 stockholders, liability o f ...................... 28, 115 44 custom er, how to estimate a .................... 354 44 operations o f a privileged........................ 374 Banks o f Albany, notices o f the........................ 561 44 o f O hio, condition o f the........ 95, 245, 564 44 o f Maine, capital, etc., o f ....................... 566 44 dividends o f Boston........................ 537, 570 44 dividends o f N ew Y o r k .......................... 537 44 o f N ew Orleans, condition o f ............ 95 44 o f Connecticut, condition o f .............. 348 44 condition o f N ew Y o r k ........................... 651 44 o f N ew Orleans, condition o f .............. 656 44 o f N ew Hampshire................................ 690 Bankers and banking houses o f L on d on ........ 350 Banking, Currency and Finance, Journal o f . . I l l 245, 348, 452, 561, 687 44 and bankruptcy..................................... 513 44 consequences o f the freedom o f . . . . 387 44 capital o f cities in the U. States.. . . 458 44 in N ew Y ork, regulations o f .......... 116 Bankruptcy and banking...................................... 513 Barbour’ s superior court reports....................... 529 Bathing room s in factories................................... 578 Beef, New Orleans export o f .............................. 555 44 cattle, production of, in O h io ................... 670 Belgium duties on lin en ....................................... 335 Bermudian tariff.................................................... 229 Bergen Point and Passaic River ligh t............... 460 Bill o f exchange, case relating to ............... 456, 530 Bills o f exchange in the Canadas...................... 119 Blake’s patent fire p ro o f paint....................... ... 571 B ook t r a d e ,.................. 137, 251, 364, 475, 587, 697 Boston and Maine railroad, condition o f ........ 579 44 bank dividends..................................537, 570 44 notice to the shipping o f .......................... 550 44 prices o f anthracite coal at........................ 275 44 Mercantile Library A ssociation.......... 135 44 im ports of, in 1848-9 ................................ 665 Boulogne fixed red lights..................................... 459 Breadstuff’s imports of, into Great Britain----- 331 44 in the United States......................... 356 Breakwaters and landing places......................... 339 British importations o f glass............................... 578 44 navigation law o f 1849.............................. 542 44 importation o f g o ld and silver...................354 IV INDEX OF VOLUME XX I. British railway m ania in 1845............................. , 44 florin, description o f the n e w ................. 44 lig h th ou ses................................................. 44 post-office, revenue o f th e ...................... . “ colonial and foreign trade....................... 44 postage, receipts and expenses o f ......... 44 im ports o f breadstuffs.............................. , 44 railway statistics......................................., 44 railroad statistics............ .......................... 44 trade in m eta ls......................................... . 44 crow n, land revenues o f ........................ , 44 loans, from 1780-83...................... . ......... . Brokers, tax upon merchants a n d .................... , Buenos Ayres, exports from the port o f ......... Business, gloryfying G od in................................, 44 accom plishm ents with learning........ 44 g o o d and evil effects o f ...................... 44 indispensable........................................ 44 habit, as related t o .............................. 468 458 231 348 328 410 331 343 457 347 690 691 429 558 358 361 363 250 695 C. Califom a G old........... ............................................. 131 44 first vessel from the lakes t o ............ 585 44 iron warehouse fo r ................................ 136 44 o f newspaper postage to.................... 549 44 gold, Dufrenoy’ s analysis o f .............. 567 Calicoes, British export of, in 1847-8 .............. 215 Cambrics, British export of, in 1847-8............. 216 44 the linen, o f Ireland............................. 586 Canada, com m erce and resources o f ................ 288 44 population o f ....................................... 289 44 agricultural and other property o f . . . 291 44 manufactures o f . . . . . . . . ....................... 293 44 shipping and revenue o f ................. ... 294 44 pu b lic debt, exports and im ports o f. 295 44 im ports fro m ........................................... 669 Canadas, bills o f exchange, etc., in .................. 119 Canadian canals, tolls on ............ ....................... 134 Canal and steamboat statistics.. 132, 240, 340, 466 579,, 684 44 steam navigation........................................ 134 Canals, tolls and receipts on O h i o .......... 407, 479 Canton, com m erce, etc., o f ................................. 44 wages o f labor, etc., o f ........................ Capital, illustration o f the accum ulation o f . . . 44 reduction o f British railroad................ Cape Hatteras Cove— Bull’ s Bay........................ 44 harbor o f refuge near................ Carquinez Straits, sailing directions f r o m ___ Cashe’ s ledge on A m m en’ s R o c k ...................... Cedar Point light.................................................... Chamber o f C om m erce and W hitney’s project Chattle m ortgages to be registered in N. Y ork. Cheap postage, benefits o f ........ ........................ Chicago, trade and com m erce o f .................... 44 exports and im ports o f .............. .. 44 population o f . . f .......................... ... Chicopee cotton m ills........................................... Chili, astronomical expedition to...................... 44‘ production o f the mines o f ...................... China, consular or com m etcial cities o f . . 259, 44 banking and currency o f ........................ Cincinnati lard oil manufacture.......................... 44 steamboats built at.. . ................... Cincinnati steamboat navigation o f ..................... 468 44 im port and export trade o f ............... 444 Circassian slaves, value o f ..................................... 23 Cleveland, Ohio, imports and exports o f ........ 668 44 tonnage ow ned at.......... 669 Cliff Mine, production o f copper at th e.......... 574 Coal trade o f the United States........................ 266 44 imported into U. S. from 1821 to 1 8 4 8 ... 278 44 regulations for the importation of, from British p rovin ces...................................... 337 44 Cumberland and Cannel............................ 676 Coasting trade, manifests o f vesHs licensed for. 451 44 o f the United States.......... 519, 549 Coinage o f the United States Mint.................... 458 Coliseo railroad in Cu ba........................................ 37 Connection o f Atlantic and Pacifl Oceans----- 616 Com m erce o f the Black Sea.................................. 19 44 o f Hungary and Transylvania.. . . 191 44 and resources o f Canada................. 288 •4 maritime, Spanish, law o f .............. 644 Com m ercial Chronicle and R e v ie w . . 92, 209, 317 433, 535, 651 44 Statistics.. 97,215,321,439,553, 44 Regulations 121,225,331,449,542, 658 44 legislation o f N ew Y ork in 1849.. 25 44 cities and towns o f the U. S. 50. 298 44 value o f a name............................... 136 44 crises, cause o f ................................. 371 44 importance o f metallic sulph’rets 237 44 code o f Spain........................ 528, 644 44 importance o f agriculture............. 692 Com m on Carriers, law o f ..................................... 306 44 liability o f . .......... .............. 529 Commission merchants, liability o f . ................ 315 Com pound interest, aggregate value w ith___ 249 Co-partnership o f n ations..................................474 Contracts and agreements enforced b y la w . . . 68 Confluents o f the R io de la Plata, navigat’n o f 80 Copper ores, improvem ent in smelting o f ___ 238 44 mines o f C on necticut............................ 129 44 production of, at the Cliff M ine.......... 574 (Concord and Claremont R ailroad...................... 466 Connecticut River Railroad...................... 134, 244 44 condition o f the banks o f ............... 348 44 copper mines o f................................ 129 Cords & velvet’ ens, British exp ’ rt of, in 1847-8 217 Corporations, relation o f railroad, to p u b lic .. 622 259 265 563 686 339 551 459 Cotton Manufacturing Co., the Yancluse........ 572 44 manufacture, lectures on th e .................. 573 233 44 production and manufacture of, in the 551 cotton-growing States...... ................. 492 415 44 exports of, from the United States____ 209 337 44 N ew Orleans, exports o f .......................... 553 601 44 trade, statistics o f the British................. 215 559 44 yarn, British export of, in 1847-8 ......... 216 560 44 and linen, British export of, in 1847-8 . 217 560 44 receipts of, at N ew Orleans....................... 557 682 44 w ool, British im port, export, and con- x 511 sum ption o f ................................ 220 681 44 prices of, 1846-8, in L iv’rp’l 220, 327 422 44 prices of, in Engl’d, 1806 to 1848. 447 265 44 yarn, exported from L iverpool, e t c . . . 221 577 44 growth of, in India................................... 359 439' V INDEX OF VOLUME XX I. Cotton, prices o f N ew Orleans, in N ew Y o r k . 317 « goods, British exports o f .......................... 437 44 crop o f the United States.............. 439, 441 44 consum ption o f .. . . . .................. 438, 441 44 export o f .......................................- ...........440 44 exports of, from M obile........................... 442 44 m ovem ent o£ at H avre........................... 446 44 trade, review o f t h e ................................ 595 44 manufactures, condition o f American, in 1849.............................................. 628 44 mills, dividends o f New England......... 632 44 Gin, W hitney’ s............................................. 633 44 manufactory at Graniteville.................... 671 44 m ills o f Chickopee, M assachusetts..... 682 Counterpanes, British export of, in 1 8 4 7 -8 ... 218 Courtesey in storekeeping.................................... 473 Crises, cause o f com m ercial........................... ... 371 Cuba, com m erce and resources o f .................... 34 44 the key o f the M exican G u lf.................. 519 44 exports and imports of, 1828 to 1847----- 34 44 revenue of, from 1828 to 1847 ................ 35 44 railroads constructed in the island o f .. . 36 44 steamers o f .................................................. 38 44 agricultural products and exports o f . . . 38 44 navigation of, in 1848................................ 39 44 exports o f sugar and molasses, 1848-9. 327 44 railroads in the island o f .......................... 466 Cumberland coal trade......................................... 676 Customs regulations.............................................. 335 *4 * o f public m oneys received from ........ 449 B . Daniel Ayer, an honest debtor.......................... Danube, com m erce o f .......................................... Debt, paying an o ld .............................................. 44 mandate to collect a .................................. 44 o f Ireland from 1801 to 1848.................... 44 and finances o f Georgia............................ 362 21 583 533 458 454 44 and finances o f A labam a.......................... 687 D ebtor and creditor, law of, in V en ezuela___ 451 44 in M issouri, law o f.......... 61 Debts & finances o f States o f the Union. 147, 389 Dividends, bank o f England.............................. 570 44 o f cotton mills for ten years.......... 632 D ocks, com m erce and revenue o f the L iverp’ l 329 Drug and m edicine trade.................................... 350 Dufrenoy’ s analysis o f California g o ld ............ 567 Duties, allowance in the estimate o f ................ 451 44 on imports, errors in the estimate o f . . 337 E. E con om y the cause o f success in business___ 249 Electro-dynam ic pow er, Page’ s.......................... 234 Emigration, statistics o f ..................... 109 Emigrants arriving at N ew Y ork in 30 years. 657 Endorsers, liability o f ......................................... 531 Endorsing notes, law cases................................ 88 Engine factories in Sweden, progress o f .......... 465 England, com mercial crises i n .......................... 384 44 bank of, loans, deposits, e tc ___ 385, 320 44 revenue of, in 1848-9.......................... 351 44 trade of, in 1847-8................................ 322 44 prices o f cotton w ool in .................... 447 44 joint-stock banks o f ............................ 453 44 fees on patents in ................................ 458 England, savings b y railways in ........................ 470 44 o f spirits in bond in .............................. 549 44 dividends o f bank of............................ 570 44 steam force o f ....................................... 583 44 persons em ployed on railroads i n . . 685 44royal m oney borrow ing o f .......................... 691 Envelopes for letters, the manufacture o f . . . . 345 Europe, railways through.................................... 470 44 railroad accidents in.............................. 685 Excerpts for business m en.......................... 250, 363 Exchange, rates o f foreign, in New Y o rk ........ 211 44 the bill of........................................... 456 Execution R ock , light-house on........................ 121 Expenditures o f United States........................... 653 F. Fej.ee Islands, dangerous reef near................... 338 Finance o f cheap postage.................................... 410 Finances o f Austria.................. ........................... 569 44 Georgia.............................................. 454 44 Finances o f East India Com pany. 689 Financial condition o f Pennsylvania................ 452 Fishing vessels, regulations o f ........................... 231 Fitchburg railroad, receipts on th e .................. 470 Flewwelling, obituary notice o f the late Sam’l 471 Florida, public lands in ....................................... 107 Florin, description o f the new British.............. 458 Flour, New Orleans export o f . .......................... 554 44 Uruguay im post o n ................................... 123 Fogs, use o f colored glass to assist the view in 578 F ooch oo, description, com m erce, etc., o f .----- 423 France, banks of, in 1848-9 ................................ 483 44 lights on the coast o f ................................ 459 44 com m ercial crises in .............................. 379 Francis’ chronicles and characters o f stock e x c h a n g e ............................................................. 688 Frauds, history and statute o f ............................ 502 Free States, area and population o f .................. 107 French imposts and revenues............................ 455 G. Georgia railroads.................................................... 340 44 the Massachusetts o f the South.......... 586 44 railroad, receipts, expenses, & c., o f . . 242 44 debts and finances o f ........................... 454 44 progress o f railroads i n ...................... 684 German Zollverein, imports and exports o f . . 104 G ibb’ s Hill, light-house o n .................................. 550 Gilbart’ s bank book-keeping.............................. I l l Gin and other spirits, regulations f o r .............. 336 Ginghams, British export of, in 1847-8............ 216 G old m oney incompatable w ith an extended i com m erce...................................................... 248 44 and silver, British importation o f........... 354 44 Dufrenoy’s analysis o f California............ 567 44 tariff o f U. S. mint for refining.................. 246 44 a new alloy resem bling.............................. 576 44 from Ural Mountains, quantity o f .......... 571 Goodhue, Jonathan, m em oir o f ......................... 40 Graham shoal, banks discovered near.............. 552 Graniteville cotton m anufactory...................... 671 Great Britain, im port and export o f w ool into 213 Griefswalder Oie, light on th e .................. . ....... 460 Gun cotton, application o f .................................. 463 Gutta Percha tubing............................................... 346 VI INDEX OF VOLUME XXL II. Ham burg tunn61 on H udson R iver Railroad.. 686 Hanging articles at shop doors.......................... 362 H arbor o f refuge near Cape Hatteras.............. 551 Havana, export o f sugar from ............................ 561 Havre cotton m ovem ent...................................... 446 H elix, a propeller o f steam vessels.................... 279 H em p, im provem ent in manufacture o f ........ 682 H ogs packed in the W est................................... 443 44 produced in the W est...................... 670, 682 Hosiery, British export o f, in 1847-8................. 216 Hospitals in N ew Y o r k ........................................ 29 Hudson River, detentions at the overslaugh o f 305 Hungary and Transylvania, com m erce o f .. . . . 191 Hurl Gate R ocks..................................................... 664 Hyannis, light-house a t.......................................... 120 I. Illinois, public lands in ........................................ 105 44 hogs slaughtered in ............................... 443 India, growth o f cotton in .................................. 359 44 East, com pany, finances o f .................... 689 Indiana, debts and finances o f............................ 147 44 lands sold in, from 1847 to 1848........ 149 44 pu b lic works, condition of, in 1841. 153 44 taxes of, to pay interest in 1849____ 155 44 bond holders, Lon don com m ittee o f 157 44 law o f lim ited partnerships, in ..........230 44 pu b lic lands in....................................... 105 44 progress o f railroads in ........................ 581 Individual liability o f bank stockholders........ 115 Inland com m erce.................................................. 694 Insurance com panies, act o f N ew Y ork ............ 225 44 com pany, the St. L ou is....................... 354 44 damage to goods from dam pn ess... 346 44 fire, law o f representations in ...........529 44 Spanish law o f .........................................528 44 com panies, statements made b y . . . . 662 44 mutual life............................................... 696 Invention for the manufacture o f steel............ 347 Inventions, statistics of, in United States___ 672 Iowa, public lands in ............................................ 105 Ireland, debt of, from 1801 to 1848 .................. 458 44 the linen cam brics o f .............................. 586 Iron furnaces in O hio and K entucky................ 130 44 m ethod o f soldering wrought, with cast. 131 44 warehouse for California............................ 136 44 regions o f Maryland..................................... 460 44 uniting wrought and cast............................ 576 44 manufacture o f w o ve n ................................ 576 J. Joint stock banks o f England and Scotland... 453 Journal o f banking, currency, and finance 111, 245 348, 452, 561, 687 44 o f mining and manufactures 124, 234, 344 460, 571, 671 K . Kentucky, iron furnace in .................................. 130 Kerm orvan fixed light..........................................459 L. Lace, British export of, in 1847-8.................... 218 Laguayra, exports of............................................. 669 Land revenues o f British crow n....................... 690 Lard, Manufacture o f Cincinnati.........................577 44 N ew Orleans export o f ............. .................. 554 Law, Mercantile Cases. .88, 206, 313, 429,529, 646 44 o f debtor and creditor in Missouri........ 61 Lead, New Orleans export o f ............................. 554 Learning, with business accom plish m en ts... 361 Legislation, com mercial, o f N ew Y ork , in i849 25 Legislatures, limited sessions o f ........................ 31 Lending m oney at a 44quarter ” a d a y ............ 247 Liabilities o f railroads........................................ 648 Life Insurance, railroad.............................. 582, 696 Light-house at Hyannis........................................ 120 44 atN ossh ead...................................... 120 44 at Execution R o c k ......................... 121 44 on G ibb’ s Hill, Cedar Point. 550 551 Light-houses, British............................................. 231 44 Palmer’ s and W ing’ s N e ck ........ 552 Lights on sea-beach.............................................. 665 44 on R ingholm en and Terningen............ 665 Linen, Belgium duties o n ..................................... 331 44 cam brics o f Ireland.................................. 586 Liverpool, prices o f cotton wroo l at, ih 1848.. 327 44 docks, com m erce o f th e ................ 329 London bankers and banking-houses.............. 350 44 and Westminster Bank......................... 455 Looking-glasses, application o f gun cotton to silvering............................................................... 463 Louisiana, public lands in ................................... 106 Lynn, shoe business o f ......................................... 347 Lynchburg, tobacco inspections o f ............ . 556 m . Machine for sew ing............................................... 131 Machinery fo r spinning yarn, im proved.......... 129 44 political econom y o f ........................... 236 Mackerel fishing in Massachusetts..................... 473 44 fishery, tonnage o f U. S. engaged in 326 44 inspection of, in M aryland................ 338 Maine, capital, etc., o f banks o f ........................ 566 44 manufacturing establishments o f ........ 575 44 ship building in ......................................... 239 Manchester, N. H., bathing room s in factories 578 Mania, the British railway, in 1845 .................. 468 Matanzas, export o f sugar fro m ......................... 561 Manufacture o f w oven iro n ................................ 576 44 lectures on the cotton .................. 573 u o f watches and rib b o n s.............. 576 44 o f cotton in Southern States____ 492 44 o f sulphate o f am m on ia.............. 238 44 o f m araschino................................. 239 44 o f cotton in the S outh.................. 677 Manufactures o f the South................................. 461 44 o f A lb a n y...................................... 56 Manufacturing establishments o f M aine........ 575 44 capital o f Massachusetts........ 536 4* establishments in New Hamp.. 680 Marble, strength o f different kinds o f .............. 465 Marine insurance— the rotten clause................ 207 Maryland, the iron regions o f ............................... 460 44 inspection o f m ackrel in.................. 338 Maritime com m erce.............................................. 644 Massachusetts, m ackerel fishing o f ................... 473 44 charters authorized b y ............ 536 44 m iscellaneous capital o f ........... 536 INDEX OF VOLUME XX I. Maury’ s astronom ical expedition to C h ili.. . . 611 May Flower, a W estern steam boat.................. 342 Medicines, adulterated........................................ 360 Mercantile Miscellanies 135,249, 355, 471,583, 692 u library association o f Boston........... 135 “ biography.............................................. 40 « law c a ses... .88, 206, 313, 429, 529, 646 Merchant, the considerate.................................. 583 Merchants, liability o f com m ission.................. 316 Merchandise im ported into U. S. in 1848........ 97 44 deception in the purchase o f .. . . 89 Metals, British trade i n ...................................... - 347 Metalic Sulphurets, com m ercial importance o f 237 M exican Gulf, Cuba, the key o f th e................ 519 Michigan, public lands in .............. ........... ..........165 Millinery and Mantua makers.............................463 Mines, Connecticut copper.................................. 129 44 ventilation o f coal.................................... 346 44 o f Chili, production o f ............................. 681 M ining and Manufactures, journal of,^124,234, 344 V ll Ohio tolls on canals o f ........................................ 407 44 taxes and taxable property o f ................ 408 44 revenue and expenses o f ......................... 409 44 iron furnaces in .......................................... 130 44 production o f hogs and cattle in............ 670 Oil manufacture o f Cincinnati............................ 577 Pacific Ocean, railroad t o ................................72, 194 Page’ s new electro dynam ic p o w e r .................. 234 Paint, Blake’ s patent fire-proof.......................... 571 Palmer’ s Island light-house................................. 552 Panama R ailroad................................................... 25 Partnerships, law o f lim ited, in Indiana........ 230 Passaic River light-house.................................... 460 Passengers arriving at New Y o rk in 30 years. 657 Patagonia, w reck off the coast o f......................339 Patents, law of, a British decision ..................... 316 44 fees on, in Englaud.............................. 458 Patent office, fees, receipts, and expenses o f .. 676 Path Finder Railroad Guide........................ 343, 686 M ining Com pany on the Potom ac.................... 464 Pennsylvania coal sent to market annually. . . 277 44 general manufacturing law o f . . 124 Mississippi, hogs slaughtered in........................ 443 44 financial condition o f ..................... 452 44 public lands in ................................. 106 Philadelphia, iron trade o f .................................. 274 Missouri, hogs slaughtered in ............................. 443 44 prices o f anthracite coal a t.........275 44 public lands in.............................. * ••• 106 44 on tax upon emigrants................ 123 44 law o f debtor and creditor in .......... 61 M obile, exports o f cotton fro m ........................ 442 Political econom y o f m achinery........................ 236 Population, progress of, in England.................. 639 Mortgagee not liable for a m ortgagor’ s debts. 432 Molasses, New Orleans export o f .................... * 554 Pork, New Orleans export o f .............................. 554 Postage, finance o f ................................................. 410 M oney, circular to receivers o f p u b lic............ 690 4* o f rates o f letter..................................... 550 Mutual Bank o f discount and deposite, plan o f 513 44 moral and social benefits o f ................ 601 Postal treaty betw een G. Britain and the U. S 331 Nashua and E pping R a ilr o a d .. ........................ 469 Potomac, large m ining com pany on the.......... 464 Nautical intelligence... 120,231, 338, 459, 550, 664 Prairies, what has caused them ........................ 522 Navigation o f confluents o f R io de la P la ta .. 80 Principals and agents............................................ 534 44 law, the new British........................ 542 Produce received at N. Orleans from interior. 557 44 o f Boston, port............... ....................668 Production and manufacture o f cotton............ 492 Neuvitas and Puerto Principe railroad.......... 38 Promissory notes in the Canadas................119, 531 N ewbury port, ship buildinng at........................ 320 Prospects o f Am erican cotton manufactures 628 New England, population o f .............................. 639 Prussian Baltic lights............................................ 234 N ew Hampshire, cotton, etc., manufactories o f 680 Public lands o f the United States...................... 105 44 banks o f ................................... 690 N ew Orleans, condition o f banks o f ........ 95, 656 44 trade and com m erce o f .............. 553 Quantity o f gold from the Ural M ountains.. . 571 44 receipts o f products at..................555 Question o f signature to note............................ 650 44 navigation o f ...................................556 Quiltings and ribs, British export of, in 1847-8 219 44 receipts o f cotton & tobacco at 557 Quotations o f Am erican stocks in L o n d o n .. . 92 N ew Y ork, railroad legislation, in 1849........ 163 R. 44 prices o f anthracite coal at........... 275 44 cham ber o f com m erce, e tc .........415 Rails to connect Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. 616 44 rates o f foreign exchange in ------211 Railroad, Canal, and Steamboat Statistics----- 132 44 law o f insurance com panies. . . 225 240,340, 466, 579, 683 44 imports o f sugar and molasses 328 44 to the Pacific.................................... 7 2,194 44 Connecticut R iv e r........................ 134, 244 44 sugar trade o f................. ................... 330 44 regulations o f banking in ............. 116 44 legislation of New Y o rk in 184 9 .... 163 44 Androscoggin and K ennebeck......... 342 44 prices o f stocks in ............................ 93 44 imports into the port of, in 1848-9 93 44 receipts and expenses o f G eorgia... 242 44 exports o f the port of, in 1848-9 . 94 44 Northern, New H am pshire............... 244 44 bank dividends................................. 537 44 Verm ont Central................................... 244 44 exports and imports o f s p e c ie .. . 653 44 Concord and Clarem ont........................466 44 emigrants arriving at, in 30 years 657 44 receipts on the Fitchburg................... 470 44 statements m ade by insurance 44 capital o f Massachusetts....................... 536 com panies o f .............- ................ 662 44 Boston and Maine................................. 579 N ingpo, description, com m erce, etc., o f .......... 422 44 life insurance............................................ 582 North Carolina, com m erce and resources o f . . 355 44 corporations, relation of, to public.. 622 N osshead light-house................................... 12044 accidents in E urope............................. 685 Notes, question o f signature t o ................ .. .... . 650 44 capital, reduction of, in E n gland.... 686 Railroads constructed in Cuba.......................... 36 O. *4 o f Georgia............................................. 340 Oak Island, approach to western bar o f .......... 553 *4 owners o f cattle to keep o ff............. 432 O hio, condition o f the banks o f .......... 95, 245, 564 ^4 o f O hio..................................................... 240 44 receipts o f the canals o f........................... 470 ^ in the Island o f Cuba.......................... 466 44 railroads o f ................................................. 240 *4 statistics o f British................................ 467 44 public lands in.............. * ........................... 105 ^4 in Indiana, progress o f....................... 581 44 prices o f agricultural products in .......... 325 44 liabilities o f ............................................ 648 44 debts and finances of.................................. 389 ** rules and regulations o f N. England 683 44 annual sales o f public lands in .............. 390 44 progress of, in G eorgia....................... 684 44 public works com pleted &. in progress. 395 ** persons em ployed on, in En gland.. 685 44 turnpike stocks and dividen ds.............. 396 Railways through E u ro p e.................................. 470 44 railroad and canal stocks and dividends 397 Regular occupation, importance o f .................. 250 44 State stocks, amounts o f issue, & c, o f. 402 Regulations, com m erc’l. 121,225,331,449,542, 658 INDEX OF VOLUME XXI. V lll Regulations o f the N ew England railroads.. 343 Restraints upon trade, enforced by law .......... G8 Revenue o f Cuba, from 1828 to 1847................ 35 44 o f British post office, from 183849. 384 44 French imposts and............................ 455 44 o f England in 1848-9........................... 68 44 o f the United States........................... 653 u laws, treasury explanations o f ............. 658 Ribbons, manufacture o f ..................................... 576 R ice, im port of, into Rotterdam........................ 224 Ringholm en, light o n ............................................ 665 R io de la Plata, navigation o f confluents o f . . 80 R ocks off Hurl Gate— Santa Maria Island. 459 664 Rotterdam, im port o f rice into..........................224 S. Tonnage duty on Spanish vessels..................... 44 o f the U. States, from 1821 to 1848.. Toulinguet fixed red light.................................... Trade, restraints upon, enforced b y law .......... 44 marks, law of............................................. 44 h ow t o ......................................................... Treasury notes, U. States, outstanding___ 457, Trebizonde, exports and imports of, in 1846.. |Troy, trade and com m erce o f ............................ 44 canal and river com m erce o f .................. Trusts, action to recover f o r ............................... 121 447 459 68 199 473 570 24 298 302 649 U. United States, com m ercial cities o f .............. 50, 298 44 interest on the loans o f the......... 248 44 coal trade o f th e................... 266, 278 44 debts and finances o f t h e .. . 147, 389 44 report on breadstuff’s o f ...............356 44 warehousing system............... 336 44 registered and enrolled tonnage 326 44 postal treaty between Great Britain and t h e ...................... 331 44 treasury circular instructions to collectors, etc., o f the cus tom s..................121, 122, 124, 658 44 imports o f foreign goods in t o .. 97 44 statistics o f public lands o f ------ 105 44 formation o f the States o f th e . . 108 110 44 crops o f the, in 1848.................. 44 cotton crop o f the................ 439, 599 44 imports, exp’ts, tonnage, etc., o f 447 44 vessels licensed coasting trade o f 451 44 instructions to receivers o f pub lic m oneys o f ........................... 457 44 treasury notes outstanding. .457, 570 44 banking capital o f cities o f th e . 458 44 coinage of, mint, e t c ................. 458 44 regulations lor fishing vessels o f 231 44 vessels built in ............................... 540 44 tonnage cle’ rd from 1841 to 1848 541 44 licensing o f yachts i n ................... 548 44 coasting trade, regulations o f . . . 549 44 revenue and expenditure. . . . . . . 653 44 statistics o f inventions in ........... 672 44 inventions o f each State o f ......... 674 Ural Mountains, quantity o f gold from ........... 571 Uruguay, decree of, touching im posts on flour 123 San Joaquin River, sailing directions fo r ........ 459 Savanilla Railroad to Cuba................................. 37 Scotland, join t stock banks o f .. . . .....................453 Sequestration o f m erchandise............................ 313 Sewing, im proved machine for.......................... 131 Shanghai, description, com m erce, etc., o f ----- 427 Shawls and handkerchiefs, British export o f 215 Sheathing metal manufactured at T a u n ton ... 344 Shilling piece, the seven...................................... 568 Ship building in Maine and Newbury port 239, 321 Shipping em ployed in the United K in gd om . . 224 Shot, new m ethod o f m anufacturing.............. 577 Signal, a new shipping......................................... 339 Slave trade, statistics o f the................................ 324 44 States, area and population o f............... 107 Snuff, consum ption o f ........................................... 586 Soda, process for the manufacture o f .............. 345 Southern manufactures................. 461 Spain, com m ercial code o f ........................... 528, 644 “ tariff of, on cotton goods, etc................ 660 Spanish vessels, tonnage duty o n ...................... 121 Specie, m ovem ent of, at N ew Y o r k ................ 653 Spirits in bond in England, o f ........................... 549 Statistics, com m ercia l.. .97, 215 321, 439, 553, 666 44 railroad, canal, and steamboat, 132, 240 340, 466, 579, 684 Statute o f frauds. . . ............................................... 502 44 o f limitations, when it begins to run.. 208 Steam vessels, the helix, as a propeller o f ----- 279 44 force o f England...................................... 583 44 engine, improvements in the................ 346 j Steamers o f Cuba................................................... 38 Steamboat navigation o f Cincinnati................... 468 44 built in Cincinnati............................ 469 Vancluse (S. C.) cotton manuf. com pany........ 572 Steel, invention for the manufacture o f.......... 347 Vastness o f railway w orks.................................. 685 Stocks, prices o f American, in Lon don ............ 92 |Venezuela, ports o f the republic o f .................. 450 44 prices of, in N ew Y o r k ...................... ... 93 J 44 law o f debtor and creditor in........ 451 44 new tariff o f .................................. . . . 122 Stock brokers, explanation o f terms o f .......... 117 i 44 Exchange, the London.............................. 351 44 com m erce o f Laguayra, in ............ 669 44 chronicles and characters o f 684 Ventilation o f coal m ines.................................... 346 44 constitution and terms o f . . . 689 1 Verm ont Central Railroad................................... 244 Stoppage in transitu, law o f ............................... 524 Vessels built in U. S. from 1840 to 1847 .......... 540 Sr. Petersburg railroad to M oscow .................... 132 Virginia, history and resources o f ..................... 181 Straw cutter, description o f a n e w .................. 131 j 44 tobacco trade........................................ 584 Success in business.............................................. 363 j W . Sugar, discovery in the manufacture o f r a w .. 464 i 44 export o f, from Havana and Matanzas. 561 1W all street stock broker...................................... 117 44 N ew Orleans export o f........................... 554 W arehousing system o f the United States___ 336 44 trade o f New Y ork and B altim ore.. . . 330 W atches, manufacture o f .......................................576 44 allowance for drainage o n ...................... 124 W ealth, no enjoym ents for ill-gotten.............. 136 44 and molasses, Cuba exports o f .............. 327 W hale Fishery, tonnage o f U. S. engaged i n . . 326 Sweden, progress o f engine factories in .......... 465 | W hisky, New Orleans, export o f ...................... 554 W hitney’s cotton gin............................................ 633 T. W ing’ s Neck light-house...................................... 552 Tapes, cotton, British export of, in 1 8 4 7 -8 ... 219 W isconsin, public lands in.................................. 105 Tariff o f V e n e z u e la .......................................... 122 W ool, im port of, into United States...................213 44 o f Bermuda.................................................. 229 44 im port and export of, into G. B ritain.. 213 44 new Spanish, on cotton goods, e tc ........ 660 W recker, the philanthropic................................ 585 Tem ingen, light on ................................................ 665 Thames, light on sea-reach...... ..................... ... 665 ,Y . Thread, cotton, British export of, in 1847-8.. 218 Yachts, o f the licensing o f ................................... 548 Tobacco, New Orleans, export o f .................... . 553 Yarn, im proved machinery for spinning........ 129 44 inspected at L yn ch bu rg................ 556 Y ork and Cumberland Railroad........................ 470 44 received at New Orleans.................... 557 Yucatan tariff regulations.................................. 123 44 trade, the Virginian.................. , . . . . 584 1 Z. 44 consumption o f .................................... 586 Tolls on the Canadian canals.............................. 134 1 Zollverein, German, imports and exports o f.. 104
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