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THE MERCHANTS’ MAGAZINE, eommemai fteutett* CONDUCTED BY FREEMAN HUNT. V O L U M E VIII. F R O M ' JA N U A R Y * t o - JUNE,''”1843. X775100 NEW-YORK: PUBLISHED A T 142 FULTON-STREET. MDCCCXLIII.. FROM JANUARY TO JUNE, INCLUSIVE, 1843. ORIGINAL PAPERS, ETC. Commerce o f Egypt, by J. W . Jenks, A . M ..................................................................... 13 Progress o f Population and W ealth in the United States, in Fifty Years, as exhibited by the Decennial Census, taken in that period, by Professor George Tucker, o f the University o f Virginia— Chapter IX .— T he Probability o f Life— the Deaf and Dumb, the Blind and the Insane.............................................................................................................................. 36 Chapter X .— Emigration............................................................................................... 157 Chapter X I.— The Past Natural Increase o f the Population, W hite and Colored 240 Chapter X II.— Future Increase o f the Population................................................... 330 Chapter X III.— T he Future Progress o f Slavery....................................................- 427 Chapter X IV .— Increase o f the Atlantic and Western Slaveholding and N on slaveholding States, compared................................................................................. 435 Chapter X V .— Distribution o f Political Power......................................................... 503 Chapter X V I.— Cities and Tow ns................................................................................ 505 The Navy and the Late Treaty.............................................................................................. 49 Mercantile Biography.— Life and Character o f Gideon L ee.......................................... 57 “ “ Sketch o f the Life and Character o f Samuel W ard, by Charles King, Esq., o f N ew Y ork ..................................................................................... 550 Home League to the People o f the United States, by C. C. Haven, o f N ew Y ork . 64 Rise and Fall o f the Great Lakes, by J. W . Scott, o f O h io.......................................... 75 Life Insurance in the United States, by T . R . Jencks, o f Massachusetts.................. 109 Commerce o f Great Britain.................................................................................................... 131 Voyages and Commercial Enterprises................................................................................. 143 State Debts, by George S. Boutwell, o f Massachusetts................................................ 153 T he Trading Nation, by J. N . Bellows, o f N ew Hampshire........................................ 164 Marine Insurance.— Opinion in the Case o f a W haling Voyage, by Zebedee Cook, junior, o f N ew Y ork ............................................................................................................ 169 China and the Chinese Peace, by Francis Wharton, o f Pennsylvania......................... 205 Life Insurance in the United States, N o. 2, by T . R . Jencks, o f Massachusetts....... 227 Organization and Practice o f Existing Life Insurance Companies.................................. 227 British East India and China T rade..................................................................................... 249 Grounds o f Protection, by Horace Greely, o f N ew Y o rk .............................................. 257 Lecture on the Moral and Intellectual Culture o f American Merchants, by Rev. George Putnam, o f Massachusetts.................................................................................... 301 Commercial Banking, by William M . Gouge, o f Pennsylvania................................... 313 Internal Trade o f the United States, N o. 1, by J. W . Scott, o f Ohio......................... 321 Third Session o f the Twenty-seventh Congress— Its Doings and Undoings............. 335 H om e Trade Preferable to Foreign, by C. C. Haven, o f N ew Y o rk .......................... 343 Trade and Manufacture o f Salt in the United States..................................................... 357 National Debts o f Europe, by Francis Wharton, o f Pennsylvania............................... 397 T he General Principles o f Free Trade, by the Hon. Levi W oodbury, o f N ew . Hampshire................................................................................ Commerce o f France............................................................................................................... 438 Internal Trade o f the United States, N o. 2, by J. W . Scott, o f Ohio......................... 447 4 Index . Table o f Lunacy in the U n^Sl .Suites......... f . . .................................................... Principle o f Speculation....................... .............................................................................. T he Causes and Cure o f Hard Times, by Rev. G. W . Burnap, o f Maryland............ T he Protective System— Its Character and Constitutionality, by H on. Charles Hudson, o f Massachusetts......................................................................................................... Canal Commerce o f N ew Y o rk ........................................................................................... Missouri and its Resources, by C. C. Whittelsey, o f Missouri...................................... Coal Trade o f Pennsylvania.................................................................................................. 460 458 493 512 523 535 544 MONTHLY COMMERCIAL CHRONICLE. Embracing a Review o f the Trade, Commerce, Currency, etc., o f the United States, with Tables, as fo llo w s :— Prices o f leading State Stocks in the N ew Y ork Market, 1841 and 1842................. 78 Debts o f Six Delinquent States........................................................................................... 79 Exports from Great Britain, showing the proportion sent in each year, at different periods, to the United States................................................................................................ 80 Decrease in the Principal Articles o f Export from Great Britain, in 1837, and the Proportion o f that Decrease in the United States Trade............................................ 81 Quantities and Average Cost, with the Average Duty on Cotton and W oollens...... 81 Imports and Exports into the United States, in each Year, from 1833 to 1842........ 173 Exports to England from India, in 1840............................................................................. 176 Condition o f Banks in several o f the United States, in Jan., 1839, and Jan., 1843. 177 Debts o f the United States, according to Official Returns, January, 1843................ 180 Rates o f Exchange from July to February, in the N ew Y ork Market, 1841 to 1843 273 Imports and Exports from 1841 to 1843, quarterly.......................................................... 273 Exports o f Flour from the United States, and price, from 1795 to 1843.................... 274 Annual Productions o f the United States from 1839 to 1843........................................ 275 Produce Discharged from the Ohio Canal, at Cleveland, and the Tolls o f the Ohio, Miami, and N ew Y ork Canals, from 1833 to 1842..................................................... 276 Cotton Crop o f the United States, and Receipts o f T obacco and other Produce, at N ew Orleans, from 1833 to 1842..................................................................................... 276 Price o f Produce at St. Louis and Cincinnati, July, 1842, and March, 1843............. 366 Rates o f Domestic Bills at N ew Y ork, in 1842 and 1843.............................................. 370 Comparative Table o f Exports, in 1841, 1842, and 1843.............................................. 371 Prices o f Stocks in the N ew Y ork Market from 1841 to 1843................................... 462 Condition o f the Bank o f England, from January, 1842, to March, 1843.................. 464 Bank Currency o f England from January, 1841, and that o f Great Britain from February, 1841, to April, 1843............................................................................ 464 and 465 Condition o f the Banks o f N ew South W ales, March, 1842.......................................... 466 Imports o f Cotton Goods into the Brazils, in 1840, 1841, 1842..................................... 466 Domestic Funded Debt o f the Brazils................................................................................ 467 Operations o f the Bank o f France...................................................................................... 467 Discount o f the Branches o f the Bank o f France, in 1842............................................ 468 Rate o f Sterling Bills in N ew Y ork, monthly, from 1836 to 1843............................... 559 Prices o f Stocks in the N ew Y ork Market, from 1842 to 1843................................... 559 United States Treasury Notes.............................................................................................. 560 Commerce o f Charleston, South Carolina, for 1843......................................................... 561 State Debt o f Illinois............................................................................................................... 561 Value o f Provisions, W heat, and Flour, exported from the United States, from 1834 to 1841.................................................................................................................................. 562 Exports o f Domestic Produce from the United States to British Colonies, from 1828 to 1841.................................................................................................................................. 564 COMMERCIAL STATISTICS. Imports and Exports o f each State and Territory o f the United States, in each Y ear, from 1821 to 1841...............................................................................................85, 86, 87, 88 Value o f Exports and Imports o f the United States, from 1821 to 1841.................... 89 Foreign W heat and Flour Imported into England from 1828 to 1841......................... 89 Western Lake T rade.............................................................................................................. 89 Value o f the Exports o f British and Irish Manufactures to various Countries from 1831 to 1840......................................................................................................................... 132 Exports o f Cotton, W oollen, and Linen Goods, and Yarn, from Great Britain, in 1831 and 1840...................................................................................................................... 133 Index. Value o f Exports o f British Produce and Manufactures for Six Y ears......................... Foreign and Colonial Merchandise'Imported into Great Britain, for Six Years........ Exports o f National Products from Great Britain, France, and the United States... Proportion o f National and Foreign Vessels cleared from France, Great Britain, and the United States........................................................................................................ Exports and Imports o f England in 1841.......................................................................... Declared Value o f British and Irish Produce and Manufactures exported in 1841.... Countries to which the Preceding were Exported............................................................ Imports into the United States in each quarter o f 1839, 1840, 1841, and 1842..... Value o f Exports o f the United States, paying Duty and Free o f Duty, for 21 Y ears Importation o f Sperm and W hale Oil into the United States during the year 1842 Foreign Arrivals at N ew Y ork in 1841 and 1842............................................................ Canal Commerce o f Buffalo during 1842........................................................................... Canal Commerce o f Cleveland in 1841 and 1842............................................................ Navigation and Tonnage o f Quebec and Montreal for 1842......................................... Imports into Canton, from England and its Possessions, for Fourteen Y ears.............. Exports o f British and Irish Produce to China from Great Britain, from 1834 to 1842 Imports o f Leading Articles from China into Great Britain, from 1834 to 1840........ Exports o f Specie, and the Total Exports to Canton from the United States, from 1821 to 1841 ........................................................................................................................ Export and Import Trade o f Bengal, in 1841 and 18 42 ................................................ Export o f Opium from Bengal to China, in Singapore, from 1838 to 1842................ Imports at Boston during the year 1842............................................................................. Statistics o f the Brighton Cattle Market for 18 42............................................................ Value o f Imports and Exports o f the United States during the year 1842.................. Exports o f Sugar and Coffee from Havana and Matanzas in 1841 and 1842........... Imports o f Jerked B eef into Havana in 1841 and 1842................................................ Imports and Exports o f the Bahamas for 1839, 1840, and 1841................................... Statistics o f the Illinois Lead Trade in 1841 and 1842........................ ........................ General Statement o f Cotton Imported into Great Britain for ten years, from 1833 to 1842................................................................................................................................... Stock o f Cotton in Great Britain at the close o f the last six years.............................. Export and Consumption o f Cotton in Great Britain the last four years.................... Comparative Statement o f Stocks and Imports o f T obacco in Liverpool the last ten years...................................................................................................................................... Havre Cotton Trade for the last ten years......................................................................... Baltimore Exports during the year 1842............................................................................. Lead and Copper Trade o f the W e s t.............................................................................. Statistics o f the Pennsylvania and Virginia Coal Trade, etc......................................... Imports and Exports o f France by Land and Sea, 1840 and 1841............................... Imports and Exports o f France from and to each country in 1841.............................. Thread o f Flax and Linen Entered for Consumption in France, from 1832 to 1841 Articles o f Import and Export o f France for 1841............................................................ Quantity and Value o f Imports into France from the United States in 1841.......... . Exports from France to the United States in 1841.......................................................... Transit Trade o f France from 1838 to 1841........................ ............................................ Custom Duties, Exports, and Tonnage, o f France, England, and the United States for 1841................................................................................................ Exports o f France, United States, and Great Britain, to each Country, in 1841........ Leather Inspected in N ew Y ork from 1835 to 1843....................................................... Import o f Hides at N ew Y ork during the year 1842..................................................... Cotton Trade and Manufactures o f Great Britain.......................................................... Commerce o f Quebec and Montreal in 1842.................................................................... American Silk Trade and M anufacture............................................................................. Exports and Imports at Sandusky, Ohio, during 1842.................................................... Exports and Imports o f Huron and Milan during 1842.................................................. Custom Duties received at N ew Y ork in each quarter o f 18 42................................... 5 133 134 137 137 139 141 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 251 252 252 253 254 256 279 280 280 281 281 281 282 382 382 382 382 383 383 384 386 439 440 441 441 442 443 444 445 446 479 479 480 481 481 482 483 483 BANK STATISTICS. Circulation o f the Banks o f England, Scotland, and Ireland, from 1836 to 1842.... 84 Continental Money in 1776 and 1781................................................................................. 84 Currency o f England, Scotland, and Ireland, in 1841 and 1842.................................. 189 Quarterly Average o f the Liabilities, etc., o f the Bank o f England in 1841 a n d ’42 189 Annual Report o f the Banks o f the State o f N ew Y o r k .............................................. 378 6 Index. 'i Condition o f the Savings Banks o f Massachusetts in 1843........................................... 478 Joint Stock Banks o f England in 1 8 4 0 .............................................................................. 478 COMMERCIAL REGULATIONS. T ariff o f the German Commercial U nion,....................................................................... 96 Sardinian Tariff......................................... 98 99 T ariff o f British Colonial Duties, Guiana......................................................................... N ew T ariff o f France............................................................................................................. 190 Abstract o f the British Tariff Bill o f 1842........................................................................ 191 T he United States Tariff— explanatory..............................................................................192 Regulations and T ariff o f Rates on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads...................... 193 Port Charges in Great Britain................................................................................................ 283 Port Charges at the Bahamas..........1........... ....................................................................... 285 Commercial Regulations o f the Island o f Barbadoes...................................................... 285 Trinidad and British Guiana Port Charges, etc................................................................ 286 Commercial Regulations o f the Island o f St. H elena.................................................... 287 Commercial Regulations at Cape T ow n , Cape o f G ood H o p e..................................... 287 Laws and Regulations o f the French Douaines, or Custom s....................................... 288 Commercial Regulations o f Belgium .................................................................................. 373 Customs Regulations, and Port Dues, at B e lg iu m .......................................................... 373 Commercial Regulations o f the Sardinian States............................................................. 376 Port Charges on Sardinian and United States Vessels at N ice.................................... 376 Commercial Regulations o f Tuscany.................................................................................. 376 Anchorage and Health Office Dues, at the Port o f Leghorn, etc.................................. 376 T ariff o f the German Commercial Union.......................................................................... 377 Commercial Regulations o f Denmark................................................................................. 469 Commercial Regulations o f the Republic o f Uruguay.................................................... 469 Interest on United States Treasury N otes......................................................................... 474 Law Regulating the Currency o f Foreign Gold and Silver Coins in the United States 475 A ct o f 1843 to permit the Entry o f Merchandise secured from Shipwreck into the United States........................................................................................................................ 475 Canadian Tariff o f Freight by the Ottawa River, Rideau Canal, and St. Lawrence 565 Jamaica Import Duties........................................................................................................... 566 Russia— Export o f Warehouse Goods Free o f Duty........................................................ 567 Custom Value o f certain Foreign Silver Coins.................................................................. 567 STATISTICS OF COINAGE. Gold and Silver Coinage o f the United States from 1793 to 1841............................... Coinage o f M exico from 1801 to 1837................................................................................ Coinage o f Peru from 1801 to 1840..................................................................................... Coinage o f Chili from 1811 to 1836..................................................................................... Coinage o f Bolivar from 1801 to 1837................................................................................. Coinage o f Great Britain from 1816 to 1841.................................................................... Coinage o f France from 1803 to 1840............................................................................... Coinage o f Austria from 1793 to 1839.............................................................................. Coinage o f Prussia from 1821 to 1840......................................................... Coinage o f Spain from 1822 to 1841................................................................................... Average Annual Amount o f Gold and Silver o f late Years, in various Countries, & c. Proportion o f Coinage in Large and Small Pieces............................................................ 90 91 91 92 92 92 93 94 94 94 95 95 STATISTICS OF POPULATION. Notes on the Census.— T he Newspaper Press................................................................. Changes in the Population o f Cities..................................................................................... Progress o f Population from 1800 to 1840, in the Several Counties on Long Island Emigration from the United Kingdom to Canada and the United States from 1829 to 1841................................................................................................................................... Table o f Lunacy in the United States................................................................................. Progress o f Population in the City o f N ew Y ork from 1800 to 1840.......................... Population o f France from 1700 to 1842............................................................................. Statistics o f the Married W om en in Paris.......................................................................... 101 102 103 103 290 291 291 291 RAILROAD, CANAL, AND STEAMBOAT STATISTICS. Railways and Canals o f England......................................................................................... 185 London and Blackwall Railway............................................................................................ 186 Index. 7 Passages o f the British and American Mail Steamers.................................................... 186 W estern Massachusetts Railroad........................................................................................... 186 Massachusetts Railroad Dividends.................................................................... French Railroads..................................................................................................................... 188 Pennsylvania Railway and Motive Power Tolls in 1841 and 1842............................. 292 Canal Tolls o f Pennsylvania for 1841 and 1842............................................................... 292 Amount o f Tolls received on the N ew Y ork Canals in 1842....................................... 293 Length o f Railways from Boston........................................................................................... 293 Statistics o f Massachusetts Railroads................................................................................. 484 Progress o f Canals in Ohio...................................................................................................... 484 List o f Places on the Junction and Erie Canals, and their Distance from each other 570 Progress o f Steam Navigation on the Lakes.................................... ................................. 572 Periods when the Hudson River Closed and Opened, at Albany, from 1817 to 1842 576 NAUTICAL 188 INTELLIGENCE. Shoals in and about the Entrance o f Harwich Harbor.................................................... Pilot Station off the Mouth o f the River Hooghly.......................................................... R ock in the North Atlantic Discovered............................................................................. Lighthouse on Lundy Island................................................................................................... Establishment o f Newstadt Light......................................................................................... Falsterbo Lighthouse replaced............................................................................................... Cape Grinez Light converted into a Revolving Light....................................................... Stamford Channel, Lowestoft Roads................................................................................... Morant Lighthouse.— Dantzic Lights.................................................................................. Dunkerque and Graveline’s Light.— Revolving Light...................................................... Graveline’s Fixed Light.— Honfleur Lights........................................................................ Pilotage Department, Belgium.— Islands Discovered....................................................... 475 476 477 387 387 387 387 385 568 568 569 569 MERCANTILE MISCELLANIES. Commerce, by the late Dr. Channing................................................................................ 196 Hard Times and their Rem edy.............................. .............................................................. 197 London Clearing H ouse........................................................................................................ 198 British Mercantile L aw ........................................................................................................... 198 Merchants’ and Factors’ A ct.................................................................................................. 199 Tim e Bargains.......................................................................................................................... 199 A Guarantee Company........................................................................................................... 199 Bead Manufactory at V enice...................................................................... A n Illustration o f Protection............................................................................................... 200 Fire Insurance in England, Scotland, and Ireland............................................................ 200 Morality o f Insolvency........................................................................................................... 294 Statistics o f Insurance in Massachusetts............................................................................. 294 English Duties on the Produce o f China............................................................................. 295 W estern Lard, Oil Trade and Manufacture................................................................. ,..„ 2 9 6 London Hall o f Comm erce.................................................................................................... 296 Hints on Cash Business................ ......................................................................................... 296 Commercial ’ Change Hours in N ew Y ork, Philadelphia, etc....................................... 389 Habits o f a Man o f Business....................................................... ...................................... 389 Business M en o f N ew Y ork— Fish, Alley, Lawrence.................................................... 390 Honest Merchant and L a w y e r ............................................................................................. 390 Fire Proof Safes— The Salamander..................................................................................... 485 South American Huano......................................................................................................... 485 Frauds in the Beeswax Trade............................................................................................... 486 Illinois Appraisement Law o f 1842..................................................................................... 486 Secrets o f the Soap T rade.................................................................................................... 486 COMMERCIAL TABLES. Interest Table at 7 per cent per annum, o f 365 days........................................277 and 278 MERCANTILE LA W DEPARTMENT. Important Case to Cotton Brokers....................................................................................... 556 BOOK TRADE. Tennyson’s Poems.— Newman’s Rambles in Yucatan.................................................... 104 Brande’s Encyclopedia.— Alison’s History o f Europe...................................................... 105 200 Hutton’s B ook o f Nature laid open.................................................................. .................. Lester’s Condition and Fate o f England............................................................................. Lafontaine’s Fables.— Palmer’s Thulia............................................................................... Macaulay’s Miscellanies.— Smith’ s History o f Education.............................................. Salem Belle.— Channing’s Self-culture................................................................................ D ow ’s Travels and Labors.— Lincoln’s Lives o f the Presidents........................... ....... Coleman’s Books for Children, etc., etc............................................................................ Third Annual Report o f the Baltimore Mercantile Library Association.................... Oate’s Interest and Exchange Tables.— Alison’s Europe............................................... Frost’s Book o f the Navy.— Sigourney’s Pleasant Memories o f Pleasant Lands...... B ook o f Commerce by Sea and Land................................................................................. Edwards’ Self-cultivation.— Braithwaite’s Practical Medicine, etc............................... Johnson’s Sacred Seal, a Poem.— Smith’ s Principles o f Chemistry............................. Chester’s Poems.— Father Oswald....................................................................................... Career o f Puffer Hopkins.— Harper’s Family Library, N o. 157.................................... Twenty-second Annual Report o f the N ew Y ork Mercantile Library A ssociation. Twentieth Annual Report o f the Philadelphia Mercantile Company.......................... Cooley’s American in Egypt.— Masterman Ready, etc.......................................... ........ Borrow’ s Bible in Spain.-—Green’s Tales and Sketches.................................................. Lunt’s Poems.— Perils o f Paul Percival.............................................................................. Noctes Ambrosianae o f Blackwood.— Scott’s Miscellanies............................................. Macarty’s National Songs, Odes, and Poems.— R ollo Philosophy............................... Murray’s Encyclopedia o f Geography................................................................................. Johnson’s Farmers’ Encyclopedia and Dictionary o f Rural Affairs............................... Poetical W orks o f John Sterling.......................................................................................... Moffat’s Missionary Labors and Scenes in Southern A frica.......................................... Curwen’s Journal and Letters................................................................................................ Chapin’s Philosophy o f Reform.— Old Humphries’ Thoughts for the Thoughtful___ M arco Paul’s Travels.— Everett’s V iew o f Homcepathy.................................................. Fellow ’s Veil Removed.— Charles Merton......................................................................... Farnham’s Travels in the Oregon Territory...................................................................... Flower Garden.— Stevenson’s Incidents o f Travel in Yucatan...................................... Linear Drawing Book.— Juvenile Drawing Book............................................................. Stephens’ Incidents o f Travel in Yucatan........................................................................ Jarvis’ History o f the Sandwich Islands.— T he M ay Flower.— Conquest and SelfConquest............................................ ............................................................................ W ebster’s Speeches.— Griswold’s American Poetry.— Bible Quadrupeds.................. Parker’s Miscellaneous Writings.— T he Miraculous Virgins.......................................... Silliman’s Gallop among the American Scenery.— Bremer’s Neighbor...................... Outlines o f Sacred History.— D ’Aubigne’s Puseyism E xam ined.................................... Gazetteer o f the United States.— R eed’s Advancement o f Religion.— Y oung M echanic.............................................................................................................................. Ellis (Mrs.) W ives o f England.— Mason’s Karen A postle.............................................. Perkin’s Eight Years in Persia.— O’ Connell’s Memoir on Ireland............................... Olin’s Travels in Egypt, etc.— Bremer’s H ------- Family.— Pise’s Aletheia.................. Fay’s Hoboken.— W ard’s Simple Cobbler.— Judah’s Lion, etc.................................... Redfield’s Pictorial Bible.— Kitto’s Cyclopedia o f Biblical Literature....... .................. Frost’s Pictorial History o f the United States.— Hahnemann’s Organon.................... 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 297 298 299 300 300 391 392 392 393 393 393 394 394 395 395 396 396 396 487 488 489 490 491 491 492 492 577 578 579 580 580
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