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December 19, 2014

Exploring the Increasingly Widespread Decline in Involuntary Part-Time Work

We at the Atlanta Fed have been arguing for some time that the unusually large number and share of workers employed part-time
but wanting full-time work (counted in the Current Population Survey as part-time for economic reasons, or PTER) partly reflects
slack in the labor market that is not reflected in the official unemployment statistics. We are in good company. Chair Yellen reiterated
this view in her prepared remarks during Wednesday’s Federal Open Market Committee press conference. The good news is that
the stock of PTER workers has declined by around 900,000 during the last year compared with a decline of fewer than 200,000 in
2013. Moreover, the CPS data suggest the decline is primarily because these workers have either found full-time work or are no
longer wanting full-time work (that is, are working part-time for noneconomic reasons), and not because they have become
unemployed or have joined the ranks of the discouraged outside of the formal labor market. Even better news is that the recent
decline has been very broad based (see the charts).

Up until about a year ago, the overall decline in the number of PTER workers was driven primarily by those in middle-skill
occupations in goods-producing industries and, to a lesser extent, in services-producing industries. But during 2014, the decline is
also evident in services-producing industries among PTER workers in both low- and high-skill occupations—two categories that had
not seen any material decline in their PTER ranks since the end of the recession. (A previous macroblog post discussed the various
occupational skill categories.) There is still a ways to go, but these developments are very encouraging.
By Ellie Terry, an economic policy analysis specialist, and
John Robertson, vice president and senior economist, both of the Atlanta Fed's research department
December 19, 2014 in Economic Conditions, Employment, Labor Markets | Permalink

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